bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Future precipitation projections for Brazil and tropical South America from a Convection-permitting climate simulation
Authors: Kahana Ron , Halladay Kate , Alves Lincoln Muniz , Chadwick Robin , Hartley Andrew J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Understanding precipitation properties at regional scales and generating reliable future projections is crucial in providing actionable information for decision-makers, especially in regions with high vulnerability to climate change, where future changes impact ecosystem resilience, biodiversity, agriculture, water resources and human health. The South America Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Model experiment (SA-CPRCM) examines climate change effects in convection-permitting simulations at 4.5 km resolution, on climate time scales (10 years of present-day and RCP8.5 2100), over a domain covering most of South America, using the Met Office Unified Model (UM) convection-permitting RCM. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, precipitation in the CPRCM decreases, becomes less frequent and more seasonal over the Eastern Amazon region. Dry spells lengthen, increasing the risk of drought. In the Western Amazon, precipitation increases in the wetter austral autumn (Apr. – Jun.) and decreases in the drier austral winter and spring (July – Oct.), leading to a more distinct dry season and imposing a greater risk of contraction of the tropical forest. Over South-eastern Brazil, future precipitation increases and becomes more frequent and more intense, increasing the risk of floods and landslides. A future increase in the intensity of precipitation and extremes is evident over all these regions, regardless of whether the mean precipitation is increasing or decreasing. The CPRCM and its driving GCM respond in a similar way to the future forcing. The models produce broadly similar large-scale spatial patterns of mean precipitation and comparable changes to frequency, intensity, and extremes, although the magnitude of change varies by region and season.
Type III Percheron’s variant in thalamic-mesencephalic infarction The unexpected anastomosis
Authors: Zedde Marialuisa , Grisendi Ilaria , Assenza Federica , Vandelli Gabriele , Moratti Claudio , Napoli Manuela , Valzania Franco , Pascarella Rosario 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction. Arterial supply of thalamus is complex and highly variable. In particular, the distribution pattern of thalamoperforating arteries received attention some decades ago, but not in recent years.
Methods. We are presenting the case of a 46-year-old patient with wake-up drowsiness, complex oculomotor disorder and dysarthria. The brain CT showed a subacute ischemic stroke in the right anterior thalamus and rostral midbran with a normal CTA. DSA was performed, showing a variant of thalamic supply (Percheron type III), constituted by perforating branches arising from an artery bridging the P1 segments of both PCAs.
Discussion. Thalamus has a complex and variable arterial supply, mainly in the paramedian thalamic-mesencephalic arteries. The most reported variant is Percheron type IIb and supplies the paramedian thalami and the rostral midbrain. Type IIb occlusion usually causes a bilateral paramedian thalamic stroke, but rostral midbrain and anterior thalamus are involved in 57% and 19% cases. Type III variant probably prevented the bilateral extension of infarction and involved the territory of tuberothalamic and paramedian perforating arteries.
Conclusions. Currently, DSA allows directly imaging variants in thalamic vascularization and better understanding the stroke mechanisms. The use of increasingly efficient angiographic techniques could help define the anatomical and hemodynamic factors involved in causing ischemic lesions in territories previously considered difficult to explore.
Variables related to soil fertility in successional agroforestry systems – Serras do Sudeste, RS, Brazil
Authors: Hanke Daniel , Nascimento Shirley Grazieli da Silva , Dick Déborah Pinheiro , Vieira Renan Costa Beber , Deble Leonardo Paz 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Successional agroforestry systems have the capacity to increase soil fertility and restore degraded ecosystems. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of agroforestry systems, at different stages of ecological succession, on the dynamics of chemical and physical soil fertility attributes in the Brazil South region. Soil samples were collected under five different conditions: i) Control (T) = initial system (without agroforestry); ii) SAF1 = agroforestry with 1 year of development; iii) SAF3 = agroforestry with 3 years of development; iv) SAF7 = agroforestry with 7 years of development; and v) reference system (naturally regenerating forest with 30 years). Subsequently, determinations/calculations were carried out for chemical attributes/parameters (exchangeable Ca+ 2, Mg+ 2, K+, Na+, P, Al+ 3, H+, sum of bases, effective and potential cation exchange capacity, cation exchange saturation with bases and Al+ 3), physical attributes (soil bulk density, particle density, total porosity, and moisture), and soil physicochemical properties (pH H2O, pH in saline solutions, and SMP method), as well as chemical element stocks were calculated based on soil mass in each sampled layer. Results indicated an increase in pH, total porosity, and nutrient stocks with the systems' development time, accompanied by a decrease in acidity components. The change in soil fertility is directly related to the increase in soil organic matter content.
PIGR predicts good clinical outcomes and plays a tumor suppressor role in the development of breast cancer via enhancing tumor immunity
Authors: Sun Zhi , Tan Bei , Dong Ke , Pu Qian , Gao Haidong , Li Peng , Zhao Guanghui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) is a phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous disease. It is necessary to discover new biomarkers or therapeutic targets to improve treatment effects. Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) plays an anti-cancer role in a variety of human malignancies. This study aimed to explore the prognostic significance and possible functional mechanism of PIGR in BRCA tissues.
Methods: We examined the expression level of PIGR in BRCA and normal breast tissues. Effects of PIGR on the proliferation, clone formation, and migration of BRCA cells were explored. We used logistic regression analysis to test the correlation between PIGR expression and clinicopathological characteristics of BRCA patients. The prognostic significance of PIGR in BRCA was investigated via the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox analysis. The GSEA method was used to discover the biological processes and pathways of PIGR co-expression genes enriched.
Results: The expression level of PIGR was down-regulated in BRCA tissues. CCK-8 proliferation and colony formation assay demonstrated that PIGR could not affect BRCA cell proliferation and clone formation but could increase migration. The GSEA revealed PIGR co-expression genes joined mainly in the immune response. The expression level of PIGR significantly correlated to the infiltration of immune cells and the abundance of immune-related molecules.
Conclusions: PIGR was an independent protective factor for BRCA patients’ prognosis. PIGR correlated with tumor immunity and exerted antitumor effects in BRCA. PIGR might be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Exploring the source of ESBL_producing Escherichia coli in a small-scale poultry farm with minimal biosecurity
Authors: Sharmila Latchubhukta , Pal Arijit , Biswas Ripan , Batabyal Kunal , Dey Samir , Joardar Siddhartha Narayan , Dutta Tapan Kumar , Bandyopadhyay Samiran , Samanta Indranil , Pal Surajit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In commercial broiler farms, the dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli presents a significant concern. These bacteria may spread vertically from parental stock or horizontally through contaminated feed, water, and infected companion birds. Understanding the transmission dynamics of ESBL-E. coli in small-scale poultry farms in rural settings is crucial.
Methods
We conducted a comprehensive study on a small-scale poultry farm in West Bengal, India. A total of 120 samples were collected at three different intervals (0th, 20th, and 40th day) of the production cycle, including cloacal swabs (n = 49), drinking water (n = 36), and feed (n = 35). All E. coli isolates were tested for resistance to eight antimicrobial agents. ESBL-producing E. coli was confirmed using the double-disc test. Furthermore, we conducted PCR to detect major ESBL genes, followed by sequencing of selected PCR products.
Results
We recovered a total of 173 E. coli isolates from the samples. These isolates exhibited varying degrees of resistance, with 100% resistance to cefixime, 83.3% to amoxicillin, 50% to tetracycline, and 33.3% to enrofloxacin. The occurrence of ESBL-E. coli initially decreased from day-old production to the 20th day but then increased in the subsequent 21st -40th day of the production cycle. Genotyping of ESBL revealed dynamic changes, with a progressive decrease in the occurrence of blaCTX-M and blaSHV in cloacal swabs and a corresponding increase in drinking water and feed. Notably, blaCTX-M-15 emerged as the predominant resistance determinant among antibiotic-resistant genes.
Conclusions
Our study sheds light on the probable vertical transmission of ESBL-E. coli from the parent flock to the studied birds, with a decrease observed up to the 20th day of the production cycle. Additionally, our findings highlight drinking water as a potential source of on-farm horizontal transmission of ESBL-E. coli. To prevent the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in birds and their products, it is essential for small-scale poultry farms to adopt strict biosecurity measures and maintain high hygiene standards. These insights have critical implications for poultry farming practices and public health.
Melatonin inhibits small extracellular vesicle delivery and CTNND1 reduces the migration ability of bladder cancer cells
Authors: Cao Jinhua , Wu Jinpeng , Fan Ning , Ge Miaomiao , Lu Yurong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication, capable of shuttling functional molecules from donor to recipient cells. Their direct impact on target cells can profoundly influence local and systemic environments, thereby promoting cancer growth and metastasis. Although several studies have explored the relationship between sEVs and various types of cancer, only few studies have been conducted on bladder cancer specifically.Methods This study used an in vitro approach and multiple assays to investigate whether melatonin affects catenin delta 1 (CTNND1) transmission through sEVs and how CTNND1 regulates the growth and migration of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) cells.Results We observed significantly elevated CTNND1 levels in BLCA cells. CTNND1 secreted by these cells could be delivered to recipient cells via sEVs. We further uncovered significant alterations in cellular behaviors upon delivery of sEVs, namely in terms of proliferation and migration. By delineating the biological functions of CTNND1 in BLCA cells, we have unveiled the potential of modulating CTNND1 expression as a promising avenue for clinical therapeutic intervention.Conclusion Our findings shed light on the intricate interplay between sEV-mediated cargo transfer and the regulation of CTNND1, offering valuable insights into novel therapeutic strategies for BLCA.
Prognostic and potential therapeutic roles of PRKDC expression in lung cancer
Authors: Xiong Jiani , DENG CUIMIN , Fu YunRong , Xie Jieming 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
PRKDC is a key factor involved in the ligation step of the non-homologous end joining pathway. Its dysfunction has proven to be a biomarker for radiosensitivity of cancer cells. Our previous study has shown that PRKDC mutations is associated with tumor immune response. However, the prognostic value of PRKDC at transcriptome levels and the underlying mechanisms have not been clarified yet. In this study, we analyzed the PRKDC mRNA levels in pan-cancer datasets and examined its prediction value in prognosis, immunotherapy and chemotherapeutic responses. We found that PRKDC overexpression is a risk factor for many cancers and is correlated with immunotherapy resistance. It is also significantly related to homologous recombination deficiency. As the results are remarkably significant in lung cancer, we therefore further confirmed the antitumor efficacy of PRKDC inhibitors alone or combine with cisplatin in vitro in human lung cancer cells. This study demonstrated that PRKDC is a potential prognostic biomarker, immunotherapy target, and promising combination candidate for PARP inhibitors and cisplatin respectively, in human cancers, particularly for lung cancer, and highlight the potential of PRKDC targeted inhibitors for treatment of lung cancer.
Past and present: a bibliometric study on the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer
Authors: Hao Xiao-yuan , Li Miao-ling , Song Wen-wei , Guo Yi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a gynecological malignancy with high mortality worldwide. The poor prognosis of OC is usually attributed to its recurrence-prone signature. Recently, mortality from OC has exhibited a downward trend. These favorable patterns likely find their main driving factor in advancements in novel therapeutic regimens. However, visualized analysis of the application of these new drugs on women with recurrent OC (ROC) is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to summarize changing paradigms in the ROC treatment using the bibliometric method.
Methods
Documents on ROC treatment were systematically collected from the MEDLINE database and Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). The retrieved documents were exported in the plain text file format, and files were named and saved to the paths specified by the Java application. Microsoft Excel (version 2010), Citespace (6.2.R4) and VOSviewer (1.6.19) were used for data analysis and included the following: (1) annual publication trend; (2) contributions of countries, institutions and authors; (3) co-citation of journals and references; and (4) co-occurrence of keywords.
Results
A total of 914 documents published in the MEDLINE and 9,980 ones in WOSCC were retrieved. There has been an upward trend in the productivity of publications on ROC treatment on by years. The United States was the leading contributor in this field, and the University of Texas System was the most productive institution. Giovanni Scambia and Maurie Markman were the research leaders for ROC treatment. Gynecologic Oncology was the journal with most citation frequency. The reference entitled with “Niraparib Maintenance Therapy in Platinum-Sensitive, Recurrent Ovarian Cancer” got highest centrality of 0.14 in the co-citation network. Keyword analysis indicated that current treatment of ROC mainly focused on the platinum-based anticancer drugs, paclitaxel, angiogenesis inhibitors (AIs) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis).
Conclusion
Scholars from all over the world have taken active part in the development of ROC treatment. International top journals and professional periodicals on gynecologic oncology have been the main sources of the hotspots and frontiers in this field. Maintenance treatment based on AIs or (and) PARPis has become an important adjunct to chemotherapy based on platinum agents and paclitaxel for ROC patients.
Rotational tectonics and topography evolution: Insights from localized vs. diffuse plate boundary counterparts
Authors: Kundu Bhaskar , Zwaan Frank , Senapati Batakrushna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Geodetic observations and analogue modelling results suggest a striking similarity between the rotational tectonic settings of the Gakkel Ridge-Chersky Range system in the Arctic and the Central Indian Tectonic Zone within the Indian subcontinent. A crucial aspect of large-scale extensional rift systems, is the gradual variation of deformation along the rift axis, due to rotation about a vertical axis or Euler pole, which may lead to compression and extension on the other side of the Euler pole to form a rotational tectonic system. Our geodetic and topographic analysis demonstrates such rotational tectonic motion in both the Arctic and Indian case, even though the plate boundary between the North America plate and the Eurasia plate that is represented by the Arctic Gakkel Ridge-Chersky Range system is strongly localized, whereas the Central Indian Tectonic Zone involves rather a diffuse deformation along its axis. Our reanalysis of analogue modelling results complements the geodetic and topographic observations. We furthermore find that in both the Arctic and the Central Indian Tectonic Zone the spatial location of the relative Euler rotation pole is located near an indenter-like feature, which possibly controls the present-day rotational tectonics and contrasting topography on either side of the rotation pole. Our study illustrates that the tectonic setting of the Gakkel-Chersky Range system in the Arctic is a localized plate boundary counterpart of the diffuse plate boundary along the Central Indian Tectonic Zone in Central India.
The Phyllosphere of Nigerian Medicinal Plants Euphorbia lateriflora and Ficus thonningii is inhabited by a specific Microbiota
Authors: Oaikhena Anderson O , Coker Morenike E , Cyril-Okoh Dorothy , Berg Gabriele , Okeke Iruka N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Medicinal plant microbiota is highly specific and can contribute to medicinal activity. However, the majority of plant species have not yet been studied. Here, we investigated the phyllosphere composition of two common Nigerian medicinal plants, Euphorbia lateriflora and Ficus thonningii, by a polyphasic approach combining analyses of metagenomic DNA and isolates.
Results
Microbial abundance estimated via qPCR using specific marker gene primers showed that all leaf samples were densely colonized with up to 108 per gram of leaf with higher bacterial and fungal abundance than Archaea. While no statistically significant differences between both plant species were found for abundance, amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA and ITS genes revealed a distinct microbiota composition, and only seven of the 27 genera isolated were represented on both plants. We observed dominance of Sphingomonas spp. on both plants, and members of Xanthomonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were also found in high numbers. The most dominant fungal families on both plants were Cladosporiaceae, Mycosphaerellaceae and Trichosphaeriaceae. In addition, 225 plant-specific isolates were identified, with Pseudomonadota and Enterobacteriaceae being dominant. Interestingly, 29 isolates are likely species previously unknown, and 14 of these belong to Burkholderiales. However, a high proportion, 56% and 40% of the isolates from E. lateriflora and F. thonningii, respectively, were characterized as various Escherichia coli. The growth of most of the bacterial isolates was not influenced by extractable secondary metabolites of plants.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that a specific and diverse microbial community inhabits the leaves of both plants, including potentially new species and producers of antimicrobials.
Integrin-YAP/TEAD Feedback Loop Promotes Tumor Invasion by Enhanced Cell Adhesion and Cell Proliferation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chang Le , Bi Xingang , Chang Chen , Wang Jianhua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer with a high mortality rate. Hepatocellular carcinoma cells are known to invade surrounding tissues and organs which is a complicated process involving a number of unknown variables, such as many signaling pathways (e.g., integrins and IL-6/STAT3) or mechanical factors (e.g., stiffness). Finding successful therapies would benefit from knowing the specifics of the molecular mechanisms behind cellular activities (cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation). In this paper, we found that ITGB1, YAP1, TEAD1/3 expressions were all upregulated in tumor tissue, and ITGB1 had a significant positive correlation with YAP1 and TEAD1/3. We demonstrated through experiments and mathematical modeling that YAP/TEAD could regulate the expression of ITGB1, thus forming an obvious ITGB1-YAP/TEAD positive feedback loop. The experimental results also showed that PFL significantly enhanced the cell proliferation and migration ability. Finally, we used the cellular Potts model (CPM) to demonstrate that tumor cells with ITGB1-YAP/TEAD positive feedback loop can significantly have a stronger invasive capacity.
Oral Health Status of Hearing-Impaired Children – A cross-sectional study conducted in Karachi, Pakistan.
Authors: Anwar Madiha Anwar , Alam Beenish Fatima , Rizvi Kulsoom Fatima , Moin Maria , Haider Muhammad Mohsin , Ansari Asma Sehar , Bashir Muhammad Bilal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to assess the oral health status of hearing-impaired children in Karachi, Pakistan. It aimed to investigate specific challenges faced by this population and highlight disparities in oral health outcomes.
Methods
The study utilized a cross-sectional design and enrolled hearing-impaired children from various schools in Karachi. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and clinical examinations. Variables examined included oral hygiene practices, plaque scores, DMFT scores, socioeconomic status, and dietary habits.
Results
Majority of participants were male (53.9%) and aged between 5–20 years. Most participants had mild (23.6%) or moderate (31.6%) hearing impairment, and the mothers had primarily received primary education (27.3%). Sign language was the primary means of communication (64.6%) with the children, and the majority belonged to the lower middle class (33.2%) and lower class (31.4%). The mean Plaque Index score was significantly higher for children with severe deafness compared to those with mild deafness (3.3 ± 1.1 vs. 2.1 ± 0.8, p < 0.05). In primary dentition, children with complete deafness had a significantly higher mean DMFT score compared to those with mild deafness (0.14 ± 0.06 vs. 0.01 ± 0.06, p < 0.05). Similarly, in permanent dentition, children with moderate deafness had a significantly higher mean DMFT score compared to those with mild deafness (0.13 ± 0.12 vs. 0.11 ± 0.07, p < 0.05). Multinomial regression analysis identified significant associations (p < 0.05) between periodontal disease, DMFT and factors such as maternal education, sociodemographic status, brushing frequency, hearing impairment level, and plaque index.
Conclusion
The study emphasizes the specific challenges and disparities in oral health faced by hearing-impaired children in Karachi, Pakistan. Socioeconomic factors, limited access to hearing aids, poor oral hygiene practices, and high sugar consumption contribute to compromised oral health outcomes. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, improved oral health education, and increased accessibility to dental care.