bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting CD38 and SLAMF7 with Independent Signaling Demonstrate Preclinical Efficacy and Safety in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Roders Nathalie , Nakid-Cordero Cecilia , Raineri Fabio , Fayon Maxime , Abecassis Audrey , Choisy Caroline , Nelson Elisabeth , Maillard Claire , Garrick David , Talbot Alexis , Fermand Jean-Paul , Arnulf Bertrand , Bories Jean-Christophe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for multiple myeloma targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) induces high overall response rates. However, relapse still occurs and novel strategies for targeting multiple myeloma cells using CAR T-cell therapy are needed. SLAMF7 (also known as CS1) and CD38 on tumor plasma cells represent potential alternative targets for CAR T-cell therapy in multiple myeloma, but their expression on activated T cells and other hematopoietic cells raises concerns about the efficacy and safety of such treatments. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of the CD38 gene in T cells and developed DCAR, a double CAR system targeting CD38 and CS1 through activation and costimulation receptors, respectively. Inactivation of CD38 enhanced the anti–multiple myeloma activity of DCAR T in vitro. Edited DCAR T cells showed strong in vitro and in vivo responses specifically against target cells expressing both CD38 and CS1. Furthermore, we provide evidence that, unlike anti-CD38 CAR T-cell therapy, which elicited a rapid immune reaction against hematopoietic cells in a humanized mouse model, DCAR T cells showed no signs of toxicity. Thus, DCAR T cells could provide a safe and efficient alternative to anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy to treat patients with multiple myeloma.
Epigenetic Contributions to Clinical Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Chybowska Aleksandra D. , Gadd Danni A. , Cheng Yipeng , Bernabeu Elena , Campbell Archie , Walker Rosie M. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Wrobel Nicola , Murphy Lee , Welsh Paul , Sattar Naveed , Price Jackie F. , McCartney Daniel L. , Evans Kathryn L. , Marioni Riccardo E. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is among the leading causes of death worldwide. The discovery of new omics biomarkers could help to improve risk stratification algorithms and expand our understanding of molecular pathways contributing to the disease. Here, ASSIGN—a cardiovascular risk prediction tool recommended for use in Scotland—was examined in tandem with epigenetic and proteomic features in risk prediction models in ≥12 657 participants from the Generation Scotland cohort.

METHODS:

Previously generated DNA methylation–derived epigenetic scores (EpiScores) for 109 protein levels were considered, in addition to both measured levels and an EpiScore for cTnI (cardiac troponin I). The associations between individual protein EpiScores and the CVD risk were examined using Cox regression (n
cases
≥1274; n
controls
≥11 383) and visualized in a tailored R application. Splitting the cohort into independent training (n=6880) and test (n=3659) subsets, a composite CVD EpiScore was then developed.

RESULTS:

Sixty-five protein EpiScores were associated with incident CVD independently of ASSIGN and the measured concentration of cTnI (
P
<0.05), over a follow-up of up to 16 years of electronic health record linkage. The most significant EpiScores were for proteins involved in metabolic, immune response, and tissue development/regeneration pathways. A composite CVD EpiScore (based on 45 protein EpiScores) was a significant predictor of CVD risk independent of ASSIGN and the concentration of cTnI (hazard ratio, 1.32;
P
=3.7×10
−3
; 0.3% increase in C-statistic).

CONCLUSIONS:
EpiScores for circulating protein levels are associated with CVD risk independent of traditional risk factors and may increase our understanding of the etiology of the disease.
A New Greek Graffito from the Bilsk Hillfort and Greek Graffiti in Scythian Contexts
Authors: Polinskaya Irene , Skory Sergey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The article presents a recent find of a potsherd, bearing an ancient Greek graffito, reported from the area of the Bilsk Hillfort. The area of discovery, considered by some archaeologists to be the city of Gelonos (Hdt. 4.108), makes this otherwise ordinary graffito potentially significant. The authors discuss the historical, archaeological, and epigraphic contexts of the find and possible scenarios of how it may have ended up at the site. To provide an epigraphic background for the find, the study is accompanied by a catalogue of Greek graffiti and dipinti from Scythian burials and settlements of the Northern Black Sea area and steppe and forest-steppe zones of Eastern Europe.
States Follow Their Sovereigns: Sign and Symbol in Song Huizong’s Migration into Jurchen Captivity
Authors: Wyatt Don J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
No Chinese dynasty of the lengthy imperial era surpasses the Song in the amassed volume of oracular literature composed during its span that addresses its own predicted downfall. Much of what we now possess of this store of literature, which we can assume constitutes but a fraction of all that once circulated, derives from oral tradition. Most of this literature consists of prose anecdotes in the “brush jottings” (biji 筆記) vein and, through these as well as other sources, we can discern the outlines of at least three key contours of noteworthy consistency. First and foremost, we may observe that a preponderance of these oracular anecdotes foreshadowing the fall of Song either center on or otherwise involve the person and actions of a single individual—Huizong 徽宗 (r. 1100–1126), the ill-fated de facto last of the early or Northern Song (960–1127) emperors, who himself was physically transferred as a hostage and icon into enemy Jurchen captivity. Second, to the extent that they are really at all datable, most of these anecdotes postdate the extinction of the initial Song, suggesting of course that they are constructions composed after the fact as opposed to having ever been in any way definitively predictive. Third and finally, especially when contrasted with the comparatively fewer examples that augur the destruction of the Southern Song (1127–1279), this subgenre of predictive literature sheds valuable light even as it raises intriguing questions about how Chinese conceptions of sedition against and loyalism toward state and sovereign might have evolved between the distinctive times of the “two Songs.”
Soldier, Hostage, Diplomat: The Odyssey of Mao Guoke and the End of the Sixteenth-Century Korea War
Authors: Puk Wing Kin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the potentially scandalous truce between the front-line Ming and Japanese commanders in the last days of the sixteenth-century Korea War. Mao Guoke, a Ming officer, was “dressed up” as the younger brother of his senior commander Mao Guoqi and sent to Japan as a hostage. He returned after almost two years (1598–1600) expecting to be received as a hero but was dismissed as more of a “self-made hero.” This was because the Ming court preferred the “correct” version of the war: that it was ended not by negotiation but by the military victory of the Ming and Chosŏn Korea. Mao Guoke’s odyssey is an illuminating case of the interflow and mixture of information, true and false, amid the fog of war. The case also highlights the unique pattern of war and diplomacy in premodern times wherein front-line agents enjoyed and exercised autonomy to an extent that is unthinkable to modern minds.
Visualizing Hope: Investigating the Effect of Public Art on Risk Perception and Awareness of Climate Adaptation
Authors: Mah Andrea , Aragón Carolina , Markowitz Ezra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To support human flourishing in a climate-changed world, individuals and communities will have to take costly and challenging adaptation actions. Although there is evidence of increasing public concern over climate change, current levels of engagement and adaptation action remain insufficient. There is a need for innovative ways to bring individuals and communities into the climate movement. Public art installations that creatively communicate relevant aspects of the problem may represent one largely untapped pathway to greater levels of engagement. Here, we examined how virtual exposure to a public art installation, FutureSHORELINE, impacted climate change risk perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and emotions. The installation depicted sea level rise impacts and solutions for a shoreline area in Boston, Massachusetts. In study 1 (N = 474), participants were randomly assigned to view the art in different formats: video, stills, or 360° viewers. Exposure to this installation, in any format, was associated with greater perceived risk of climate change, feelings of personal responsibility to address climate change, and likelihood of engaging in community-led initiatives related to climate change as compared with pre-art-exposure levels. In study 2 (N = 294), the video was compared, with and without text, with a no-information control. This study revealed that the video impacted emotional reactions to climate change. Public art installations may present a model by which to make information about the local impacts of climate change and proposed adaptation solutions visible to diverse audiences, providing a novel way to increase public concern and engagement.

Significance Statement
While much climate change art has been created, efforts to systematically evaluate its impacts are sparse. The purpose of this work was to examine how viewing a landscape installation impacted climate change and sea level rise perceptions. Across two studies, we evaluated the impacts of viewing a Boston (Massachusetts)-based landscape installation depicting the impacts of, and a solution to, sea level rise and flooding. Our results highlight the potential usefulness of art as a means of communicating about climate change.
Outcomes of Hospitalized Injured Suspects Sustaining Gunshot Wounds From Law Enforcement Action
Authors: Tran Zachary , Reeves Matthew , Cho Nam Yong , Lum Sharon , Benharash Peyman , Mukherjee Kaushik 
Published: January 2024

Background Although firearms are implicated in the majority of law enforcement intervention (LEI)-related deaths, scientific research is lacking. The present study sought to characterize clinical and financial outcomes between injured suspects and other gunshot wound (GSW) patients. Study Design The 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample was queried for patients ≥16 years old admitted following GSW. Patients were categorized as injured suspects (ISs) if they were injured in LEI and non-IS otherwise. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality with complications, hospitalization duration (LOS), and costs secondarily considered. Multivariable regression models were used to adjust for patient characteristics, injury burden using the Trauma Mortality Prediction Model (TMPM), and hospital factors. Results Of 143,125 hospitalizations, 1575 (1.10%) were IS. Compared to non-IS, ISs were less frequently Black (24.4% vs 54.3%) but had a higher proportion of psychiatric conditions (19.4% vs 6.4%) ( P < .05). Although having a similar requirement for major operations and TMPM score, ISs more frequently underwent thoracic (11.4% vs 4.1%) and gastrointestinal operations (33.0% vs 25.7%) ( P < .05). After adjustment, IS was associated with similar odds of mortality but was associated with greater odds of cardiac complications, respiratory failure, and need for intensive care. While LOS was similar, IS was associated with greater costs (β: +$14,300, 95% CI: 6,200-22,400). Conclusions Suspects injured during law enforcement intervention have similar in-hospital mortality but greater complication rates and costs. Through the quantification of the clinical and financial burden of IS, our findings may help inform further policy discussions regarding use of potentially lethal force in law enforcement intervention.
Female Authorship Is Driving Studies of Female Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sonnier John Hayden , Coladonato Carlo , Hahn Alexander K. , Paul Ryan W. , Hanna Adeeb Jacob , Windsor Jordan T. , Weiss Conrad T. , Freedman Kevin B. , Bishop Meghan E. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Patient sex is known to affect patient outcomes in sports medicine. Historically, many studies on athletes have focused on male athletes and been generalized to female athletes. Hypothesis: Studies with female first or senior authors will isolate female athletes as study participants more frequently than studies with male first or senior authors. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocols, original research studies published between 2017 and 2021 that analyzed athletes were systematically screened from the 6 top sports medicine journals ( British Journal of Sports Medicine; Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery; Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy; American Journal of Sports Medicine; Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine; Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach). Articles were included for analysis if they met the following criteria: (1) original sports medicine research study, (2) analysis involving athletes, and (3) inclusion of ≥10 participants. Exclusion criteria included (1) review articles of any type and (2) cadaveric studies. The determination of author sex was completed using the name-to-gender assignment algorithm Genderize.io ( https://genderize.io/ ). Results: A total of 1146 studies were included in quantitative analysis. There were 246 studies with a female first author (21.5%) and 191 studies with a female senior author (16.7%). When looking at all authors (first, senior, and intermediate), 19.9% were female. Female first authors were over 4 times more likely to isolate female athletes in clinical research than male first authors (17.5% vs 3.8%, respectively; P < .001). Female senior authors were approximately twice as likely to isolate female athletes compared with male senior authors (11.5% vs 5.8%, respectively; P < .001). Conclusion: Female first authors were significantly more likely to perform research isolating female athletes. While improving the frequency of female athlete research is multifactorial, increasing the number of female researchers may have a direct effect on improving gender equality in sports medicine research.
Stabilizing Mechanisms in Patients Treated Using Hill-Sachs Remplissage With Bankart Repair in Abduction–External Rotation Position
Authors: Zhang Fei , Liao Weixiong , Chen Xianghui , Zhang Baoxiang , Xu Lin , Wang Xiaolin , Zhu Yaqiong , Fu Yangmu , Xiong Wentao , Song Shoulong , Sheng Xianhao , Gao Huayi , Lai Shengwei , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2024

Background: Hill-Sachs lesion (HSL) remplissage with Bankart repair (RMBR) provides a minimally invasive solution for treating HSLs and glenoid bone defects of <25%. The infraspinatus tendon is inserted into the HSL during the remplissage process, causing the infraspinatus to shift medially, leading to an unknown effect on glenohumeral alignment during the resting abduction–external rotation (ABER) and muscle-active states. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible check-rein effect and muscle-active control in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint after RMBR in vivo. We hypothesized that the check-rein effect and active control would stabilize the glenohumeral joint in the ABER position in patients after RMBR. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: We included 42 participants—22 patients in group A who met the inclusion criteria after RMBR and 20 healthy participants in group B without shoulder laxity. Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging was performed to analyze the alignment relationship of the glenohumeral joint with and without muscular activity. Ultrasonic shear wave elastography was used to evaluate the elastic properties of the anterior capsule covered with the anterior bands of the inferior glenohumeral ligament. Results: Patients who underwent RMBR demonstrated more posterior (–1.81 ± 1.19 mm vs –0.76 ± 1.25 mm; P = .008) and inferior (–1.05 ± 0.62 mm vs –0.45 ± 0.48 mm; P = .001) shifts of the humeral head rotation center and less anterior capsular elasticity (70.07 ± 22.60 kPa vs 84.01 ± 14.08 kPa; P = .023) than healthy participants in the resting ABER state. More posterior (–3.17 ± 0.84 mm vs –1.81 ± 1.19 mm; P < .001) and less-inferior (–0.34 ± 0.56 mm vs –1.05 ± 0.62 mm; P < .001) shifts of the humeral head rotation center and less anterior capsular elasticity (36.57 ± 13.89 kPa vs 70.07 ± 22.60 kPa; P < .001) were observed in the operative shoulder during muscle-active ABER than in resting ABER states. Conclusion: The check-rein effect and muscle-active control act as stabilizing mechanisms in RMBR during the ABER position. Clinical Relevance: Stabilizing mechanisms in RMBR during the ABER position include the check-rein effect and muscle-active control.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in urologic interventions: Who, when, where?
Authors: Marino Filippo , Rossi Francesco , Murri Rita , Sacco Emilio 
Published: January 2024

Background: Periprocedural prophylaxis in medicine encompasses the set of measures (physical, chemical, and pharmacological) used to reduce the risk of infection. Antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) refers to the administration of a short-term regimen of antibiotics shortly before a medical procedure to reduce the risk of infectious complications that can result from diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The outspreading growth of multidrug-resistant bacterial species and changes in the bacterial local ecosystem have impeded the development of a unique scheme of AP in urology. Objectives: To review the literature and current guidelines regarding AP for urological diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and to define agents, timing, and occasions when administering pharmacological prophylaxis. Secondly, according to current literature, to open new scenarios where AP can be useful or useless. Results: Major gaps in evidence still exist in this field. AP appears useful in many invasive procedures and some sub-populations at risk of infectious complications. AP is not routinely recommended for urodynamic exams, diagnostic cystoscopy, and extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. The available data regarding the use of AP during the transperineal prostate biopsy are still unclear; conversely, in the case of the transrectal approach AP is mandatory. AP is still considered the gold standard for the prevention of postoperative infective complications in the case of ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, endoscopic resection of bladder tumor, endoscopic resection of the prostate, and prosthetic or major surgery. Conclusion: The review highlights the complexity of determining the appropriate candidates for AP, emphasizing the importance of considering patient-specific factors such as comorbidities, immunocompetence, and the nature of the urologic intervention. The evidence suggests that a one-size-fits-all approach may not be suitable, and a tailored strategy based on the specific procedure and patient characteristics is essential.
Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in mercury mining workers in a precarious situation: A preliminary study
Authors: Saldaña-Villanueva Kelvin , González-Palomo Ana K , Méndez-Rodríguez Karen B , Gavilán-García Arturo , Benítez-Arvizu Gamaliel , Diaz-Barriga Fernando , Alcantara-Quintana Luz , Pérez-Vázquez Francisco J 
Published: January 2024

Mercury is a ubiquitous environmental xenobiotic; the primary sources of exposure to this metal are artisanal gold mining and the direct production of mercury. In Mexico, artisanal mercury mining continues to be an important activity in different regions of the country. Exposure to mercury vapors releases can have severe health impacts, including immunotoxic effects such as alterations in cytokine profiling. Therefore, in the present work, we evaluated the inflammatory cytokines profile in the blood serum of miners exposed to mercury. A cross-sectional observational study was performed on 27 mining workers (exposed group) and 20 control subjects (nonexposed group) from central Mexico. The mercury urine concentration (U-Hg) was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α were measured using a Multiplex Assay. The results showed that the U-Hg in the miners had a median value of 552.70 μg/g creatinine. All cytokines showed a significant increase in the miner group compared with the control group, except for TNF-α. In addition, we observed a positive correlation between U-Hg concentration and cytokine levels. In conclusion, mercury exposure correlated with cytokine levels (considered acute inflammatory marker) in miners; therefore, workers exposed to this metal show an acute systemic inflammation that could lead to alterations in other organs and systems.
Analysis of Gender Diversity Within Foot and Ankle Surgery Fellowship Programs
Authors: Cho Elizabeth , Gianakos Arianna L. , Schiff Adam P. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Women continue to be underrepresented in orthopaedic surgery. This study seeks to evaluate gender diversity of faculty and trainees at foot and ankle surgery fellowship programs. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis of 49 US foot and ankle fellowship programs, all publicly available data on program faculty (as of July 2023) were collected, as well as data on current and past fellows between 2018 and 2024. Results: Of 49 programs with 195 foot and ankle surgery faculty, 26.5% (n = 13) had at least 1 female on faculty, with only 8.2% (n = 4) having female fellowship directors. Female faculty made up 9.7% (n = 19) of foot and ankle surgery faculty overall. Of 307 total fellows identified within the 6-year period, 19.5% (n = 60) were female. Geographic distribution of programs was as follows: 29% (n = 14) Northeast, 31% (n = 15) South, 19% (n = 9) Midwest, and 21% (n = 10) West. Northeast programs made up 62% of all programs with female faculty, whereas Midwest programs made up the least at 8% ( P = .048). Programs with female faculty had more female fellows from 2018 to 2024 than programs without female faculty (33.7% vs 14%, P < .001). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that females remain underrepresented in foot and ankle surgery fellowship director positions, despite an increasing proportion of females entering orthopaedic surgery. Foot and ankle surgery fellowship programs with female faculty had a higher number of female trainees; as such, diversification of foot and ankle fellowship departments may be an important factor in ongoing efforts to promote gender diversity within the specialty. Level of Evidence: Level IV, observational cross-sectional analysis