bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 50 Mpc Galaxy Catalog (50 MGC): Consistent and Homogeneous Masses, Distances, Colors, and Morphologies
Authors: Ohlson David , Seth Anil C. , Gallo Elena , Baldassare Vivienne F. , Greene Jenny E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We assemble a catalog of 15424 nearby galaxies within 50 Mpc with consistent and homogenized mass, distance, and morphological type measurements. Our catalog combines galaxies from HyperLeda, the NASA-Sloan Atlas, and the Catalog of Local Volume Galaxies. Distances for the galaxies combine best-estimates for flow-corrected redshift-based distances with redshift-independent distances. We also compile magnitude and color information for 11740 galaxies. We use the galaxy colors to estimate masses by creating self-consistent color—mass-to-light ratio relations in four bands; we also provide color transformations of all colors into Sloan g–i by using galaxies with overlapping color information. We compile morphology information for 13744 galaxies, and use the galaxy color information to separate early- and late-type galaxies. This catalog is widely applicable for studies of nearby galaxies and for placing these studies in the context of more distant galaxies. We present one application here: a preliminary analysis of the nuclear X-ray activity of galaxies. Out of 1506 galaxies within the sample that have available Chandra X-ray observations, we find that 291 have detected nuclear sources. Of the 291 existing Chandra detections, 249 have log(L
X) > 38.3 and available stellar mass estimates. We find that the X-ray active fractions in early-type galaxies are higher than in late-type galaxies, especially for galaxy stellar masses between 109 and 1010.5
M
⊙. We show that these differences may be due at least in part to the increased astrometric uncertainties in late-type galaxies relative to early types.
First Chromospheric Activity and Doppler Imaging Study of PW And Using a New Doppler Imaging Code: SpotDIPy
Authors: Bahar Engin , Şenavcı Hakan V. , Işık Emre , Hussain Gaitee A. J. , Kochukhov Oleg , Montes David , Xiang Yue 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Measuring the coverage of dark spots on cool stars is important to understanding how stellar magnetic activity scales with the rotation rate and convection zone depth. In this respect, it is crucial to infer surface magnetic patterns on G and K stars, to reveal solar-like stellar dynamos in action. Molecular bands serve as invaluable indicators of cool spots on the surfaces of stars, as they play a crucial role in enabling accurate assessments of the extent of spot coverage across the stellar surface. Therefore, more reliable surface images can be obtained considering the inversion of atomic lines with molecular bands. In this context, we simultaneously carry out Doppler imaging (DI) using atomic lines as well as titanium oxide band profiles of PW And (K2 V) and also investigate chromospheric activity indicators for the first time in the literature, using high-resolution spectra. The surface spot distribution obtained from the inversion process represents both atomic line and TiO-band profiles quite accurately. The chromospheric emission is also correlated with photospheric spot coverage, except during a possible flare event during the observations. We detect frequent flare activity, using TESS photometry. We also introduce a new open-source, Python-based DI code SpotDIPy that allows performing surface reconstructions of single stars using the maximum entropy method. We test the code by comparing surface reconstruction simulations with the extensively used DoTS code. We show that the surface brightness distribution maps reconstructed via both codes using the same simulated data are consistent with each other.
The Observed O vi Is Just the Tip of the Iceberg: Estimating the Hidden Material in Circumgalactic and Intergalactic Clouds
Authors: Goetz Eric , Wang Chen , Shelton Robin L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a new method for estimating the total quantity of material in moving circumgalactic and intergalactic clouds from O vi measurements. We simulate high-velocity clouds (HVCs) with the FLASH hydrodynamic code and track the ionization and recombination of all ionization levels of oxygen as a function of time. We calculate the O vi/oxygen ratio (f
O VI
) in our dynamic nonequilibrium ionization clouds, finding that it differs significantly from that in static gas. We find that O vi exists in cool, medium, and hot gas in the clouds. As such, it traces all of the hydrogen rather than merely the ionized hydrogen. The total quantity of hydrogen along a typical observed line of sight through a cloud can be estimated from the observed O vi column density, metallicity, and our f
O VI
. We provide the simulations’ f
O VI
values, a prescription for finding f
O VI
for observed dynamic clouds, and a methodology for calculating the total hydrogen column density from f
O VI
and an observed O vi column density. As examples, we use our f
O VI
values to estimate the total hydrogen column densities along various observed sight lines through two HVCs, Complex C and the Magellanic Stream, finding that these clouds contain more material than previous lower limits. We also extend this analysis to low-redshift intergalactic O vi clouds, finding that they contain several times more baryonic material than previously thought and therefore may account for a significant fraction of the Universe’s baryons.
Comparison between Analytical and Numerical Results for Twisted Magnetosphere of Magnetars
Authors: Tong H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The analytical calculations for twisted magnetosphere of magnetars are compared with recent numerical simulations. A larger polar cap, a smaller magnetospheric opening radius in previous analytical modelings are confirmed by the numerical simulations. In the case of magnetars, the particle outflow luminosity in the open field line regions may be powered by the magnetic energy.
Santa María Caballero y la construcción del proyecto misional franciscano en China
Authors: Busquets Alemany Anna 
Published: December 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las redes de colaboración y la gestión que el franciscano español Antonio de Santa María Caballero (1602-‍1669) hizo de la misión franciscana en China durante los más de veinte años que pasó en este país, así como también la mediación que realizó para la corona española durante los viajes que le llevaron primero a Manila y luego a Macao. A partir de la correspondencia de este religioso, una parte de la cual ha sido publicada en la Sinica Franciscana, así como de las relaciones y otros documentos inéditos conservados en distintos archivos, se reconstruirán las redes y fidelidades de Santa María en China —fundamentalmente con dominicos, chinos y jesuitas—, atendiendo a los dos períodos en los que realizó su labor misional allí, 1633-‍1636 y 1649-‍1669. El estudio de este franciscano, nombrado en 1643 prefecto apostólico de la seráfica orden en China por el Papa, permite analizar las primeras reacciones ante los métodos de evangelización empleados por los jesuitas en China y, a la vez, reconstruir el proyecto que como prefecto apuntó ante las autoridades religiosas en Roma y Manila para que la misión franciscana en China siguiera adelante.
S-FIX: A sutured way of doing sutureless SFIOL surgeries beyond X-NIT!
Authors: Baskaran Prabu , Lobo Simonne , Venkatesh Rengaraj , Rajendran Anand , Anburaj Johnson , Ramakrishnan Seema 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The video describes a technique in scleral fixation intraocular lens (SFIOL) surgery that is very simple and easily reproducible by any novice surgeon.

Purpose:
This technique may serve as a simple option for tucking the haptic of a multipiece IOL into the sclera without the need for the scleral flap, scleral pocket, forceps, glue, or flange.

Synopsis:
The two most crucial steps in scleral fixation intraocular lens (SFIOL) surgery are 1) the exteriorization of the haptic, and 2) the fixation of the exteriorized haptic. The first half of the video describes the steps of our previously published technique of extraocular needle-guided haptic insertion technique (X-NIT), which simplifies the exteriorization step by shifting the intraocular hand-shake maneuver to an extraocular site. The second half describes a novel suture-guided haptic fixation (S-FIX) device, which simplifies the fixation step. S-FIX has three components: 1) a 380-micron spatulated needle, 2) a 5-o nylon suture thread, and 3) a polyimide tube. There are four steps involved in S-FIX: 1) docking of the exteriorized haptic into the polyimide tube, 2) pushing the docked polyimide tube into the eye, 3) suture bite starting from the point of sclerotomy, and 4) pulling the suture thread. As the suture thread is being pulled, the haptic along with the polyimide tube comes out and the haptic gets fixed into the narrow suture track.

Highlights:
The technique enhances the overall safety in SFIOL surgeries by avoiding haptic slips during exteriorization and fixation steps. Most anterior segment and novice surgeons do not perform SFIOL surgeries due to fear of fall of IOL.

Video link:
https://youtu.be/ZoJBiw2SNaU
3D visualization system and standard operating microscope for ease of visualization and surgeon comfort during phacoemulsification surgery
Authors: Shetty Naren , Aishwarya  , Nayak Rohitha P , Kaweri Luci , Kanaradi Ravi Krishna , Pisharody Anchana A 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To compare the ease of visualization and comfort of the surgeon during phacoemulsification surgery using NGENUITY® 3D (NG) visualization system and standard operating microscope (SOM).

Methods:
In this prospective, randomized, single-blind, single-center study, patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery by one of the five surgeons were randomly assigned to two groups based on the visualization modality—NG and SOM. Ease of visualization and comfort of the surgeon was assessed using a 27-parameter in-house Surgeon Comfort Score questionnaire.

Results:
A total of 224 phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantations were performed in senile immature cataract (SIMC, n = 174) and mature cataract patients (MC, n = 50). Surgeon’s ease of visualization (4.92–5.00) and hand–eye coordination score (4.97–5.00) were comparable between the NG- and SOM-groups. Postoperative neck discomfort was lower in both the groups, with a relatively lower discomfort in the NG-group (score: 1.04 vs 1.56). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r) between illumination of the operation theatre room and the surgical field revealed a weak negative correlation for most of the patients in the NG-group, and a positive correlation for patients in the SOM-group. No correlation was obtained between brightness of the surgical field and comfort with the surgical field brightness.

Conclusions:
Similar ease of visualization was experienced by the surgeons using NG- and SOM-system. Neck discomfort postsurgery was numerically lower in the NG-group, although not significant. Additionally, the NG-system permitted the safe performance of phacoemulsification using a lower surgical field illumination.
Evaluation of the effect of artificial tears on corneal epithelial thickness changes after photorefractive keratectomy
Authors: Khodaparast Mehdi , Ambrósio Renato , Ahmadzadeh Hooman , Khorrami-Nejad Masoud , Mohammadzadeh Maryam , Azizi Samaneh , Mohammadi Seyed Farzad , Hashemian Hesam 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to evaluate the corneal epithelial thickness changes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and the impact of long-term artificial tear usage on epithelial thickness changes in these patients.

Methods:
This study was performed on 71 patients (142 eyes) without dry eye disease who received PRK for myopic refractive correction. The corneal epithelial thickness profile was obtained before, one, three, and six months after surgery using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A, who received preservative-free artificial tears post-surgery, and group B, who did not receive artificial tears.

Results:
The epithelial thickness decreased universally in the first month and then increased in the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Group A had a significantly thicker epithelium in central, paracentral, and midperipheral zones compared with group B in the 3-month follow-up. In the 6-month follow-up, no significant differences were detected between groups. At the last follow-up, the central, paracentral, and midperipheral zone epithelial thicknesses in all patients were significantly higher than preoperative values, but peripheral zone thickness only increased to preoperative values.

Conclusions:
Patients using artificial tears showed a faster thickening, especially in the central and paracentral zones, but there were no significant differences between the two groups in the final follow-up. Artificial tear usage may increase the rate of the epithelial remodeling process in post-PRK patients without significantly altering the final epithelial thickness profile. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the influence of different factors on epithelial remodeling.
Maximizing surgical safety: Approaches to prevent intraoperative complications in manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS)
Authors: Shetty Prerana A , Bhalerao Sushank A , Vuyyuru Sowjanya , Thigale Uma Y , Tara Divya 
Published: December 2023

Background:
In manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS), the occurrence of intraoperative complications is a recognized concern that can impact both surgical outcomes and patient safety. MSICS is widely practiced as a cost-effective alternative for cataract extraction, especially in resource-limited settings where access to phacoemulsification may be limited. However, it is important to acknowledge that MSICS is not entirely risk-free. Complications during the surgery can arise due to factors such as surgeon experience, surgical technique, instrument handling, and patient-specific anatomical variations. Common complications encountered in MSICS include posterior capsule rupture, corneal burns, iris trauma, wound-related issues, vitreous loss, and anterior chamber hemorrhage. It is crucial for surgeons to have a comprehensive understanding of the background and potential risks associated with these complications. This knowledge allows them to proactively implement preventive strategies, optimize surgical outcomes, and prioritize patient safety during MSICS procedures. Ongoing efforts in the field of cataract surgery aim to improve outcomes by advancing surgical techniques, refining equipment, and enhancing postoperative care. Through research and innovation, the goal is to minimize complications and achieve optimal visual outcomes for individuals undergoing cataract surgery.

Purpose:
This video discusses the possible complications and provides practical strategies to minimize the same at each step of the MSICS procedure.

Synopsis:
The video demonstrates the potential complications that can occur intraoperatively during MSICS and highlights the significance of careful technique and practical strategies for prevention.

Highlights:
In resource-poor settings, MSICS is widely used as the predominant technique for cataract surgeries. Despite being a cost-effective alternative, MSICS offers comparable visual outcomes to phacoemulsification with low complication rates. This video emphasizes the importance of proactive measures and careful technique in preventing complications, thereby improving patient safety and outcomes in MSICS.

Video Link:
https://youtu.be/hOAMJpC67C0
SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE MOTIF OF THE MARRIAGE OF A HERO AND A FROG IN OSSETIAN FOLKLORE
Authors: ТАКАЗОВ Ф.М. 
Published: December 2023

В статье анализируется семантика сожжения шкуры лягушки в фольклоре осетин. Мотив брака героя и лягушки, сожжение героем лягушачьей шкуры широко распространен в фольклоре многих народов. Проведенный сравнительный анализ типологических сюжетов позволил выявить архетип лягушки в сказках и мифах. Анализ архетипа лягушки в мировом фольклоре позволяет понять, как этот образ воспринимается и интерпретируется разными культурами, а также дает возможность определить общие черты и различия в его символике. В различных культурах лягушка связана с плодородием и дождем. Одним из примеров является обряд вызывания дождя у осетин, во время которого изготавливали чучело женщины, которое часто заменяли живой лягушкой, привязанной к подушке. Лягушку наряжали в костюм с серебряными и золотыми вышивками, а затем бросали в реку после танцев и молитв о дожде. Метаморфозы девушки-лягушки во всех национальных вариантах имеют типологическое сходство. Развитие фабулы сюжета подчинено концептуальной составляющей инициационных процессов. Сжигание шкуры девушки-лягушки символизирует ее символическую смерть. Исчезновение девушки после сожжения лягушачьей шкуры связано с необходимостью окончательно утвердиться в новом статусе. Кроме того, сожжение шкуры героем отражает нарушение с его стороны запрета, с которого и начинается путь иницианта.
The article analyzes the semantics of burning a frog skin in Ossetian folklore. The motive of the marriage of the hero and the frog, the burning of the frog skin by the hero, is widespread in the folklore of many peoples. The comparative analysis of typological plots made it possible to identify the archetype of the frog in fairy tales and myths. The analysis of the frog archetype in world folklore makes it possible to understand how this image is perceived and interpreted by different cultures, and makes it possible to identify common features and differences in its symbolism. In various cultures, the frog is associated with fertility and rain. One example is the Ossetian rain-making ritual, during which a stuffed woman was made, which was often replaced by a live frog tied to a pillow. The frog was dressed up in a costume with silver and gold embroidery, and then thrown into the river after dancing and praying for rain. The metamorphoses of the frog girl in all national variants have typological similarities. The development of the plot is subordinated to the conceptual component of the initiation processes. The burning of the frog girl's skin symbolizes her symbolic death. The disappearance of the girl after the burning of the frog skin is connected with the need to finally acquire a new status. In addition, the burning of the skin by the hero reflects a violation on his part of the prohibition, from which the path of the initiator begins.
PENERAPAN IEC/ISO 31010:2019 DALAM MANAJEMEN RISIKO DI APLIKASI SMARD DISDUKCAPIL KAB. SEMARANG
Authors: Indira Kamila Yumna , Maria Evi 
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengimplementasikan IEC/ISO 31010:2019 dalam aktivitas manajemen risiko pada aplikasi SMARD di Disdukcapil Kab. Semarang. Aplikasi SMARD digunakan petugas operator Desa Kelurahan untuk menampung pelaporan adminstrasi untuk layanan pembuatan akta lahir, akta kematian, dan kartu keluarga untuk ditindaklanjuti oleh petugas Disdukcapil Kab. Semarang. Aktivitas manajemen risiko menggunakan standar IEC/ISO 31010:2019, meliputi tahap komunikasi dan konsultasi, penetapan konteks, identifikasi, analisis, evaluasi, dan perlakuan risiko. Standar ini dipilih karena terbukti efektif digunakan untuk proses manajemen risiko teknologi informasi/sistem informasi di institusi pemerintahan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa ada 20 kemungkinan risiko pada implementasi aplikasi SMARD Disdukcapil Kab. Semarang, terdiri dari empat risiko pada level tinggi, delapan risiko pada level sedang, dan delapan risiko yang menempati risiko level rendah. Hasil penelitian ini menambah bukti bahwa IEC/ISO 31010:2019 efektif diterapkan dalam aktivitas manajemen risiko SI di institusi pemerintahan. Hasil penelitian telah didokumentasikan dan perlakuan risiko merupakan rekomendasi untuk penanganan risiko yang mungkin timbul dalam implementasi aplikasi SMARD pada layanan pubik di Disdukcapil Kab. Semarang.
Constitucionalismo y procesos de integración en Brasil. El acuerdo de libre comercio como instrumento de desarrollo de la política internacional de América Latina
Authors: López De Lerma Galán Jesús 
Published: December 2023

Esta investigación aborda el estudio de los procesos de integración de Brasil. El trabajo se inicia con un estudio del proceso constituyente brasileño con especial interés por la Constitución de 1988 y su desarrollo democrático. Posteriormente se estudia la afectación de los poderes constitucionales de Brasil ante la firma de un acuerdo de libre comercio, incidiendo en diversas integraciones en las que ha participado este país como Mercosur o las alianzas con la Unión Europea y Estados Unidos. El artículo reflexiona sobre el crecimiento de los países de América Latina, destacando cómo los acuerdos de libre comercio se han convertido en un instrumento para desarrollar alianzas políticas internacionales. También se investigan los mecanismos de resolución de conflictos entre países y los controles jurisdiccionales en los tratados internacionales.
Iraqi household cockroaches collected from Diyala Province are potential vectors of medically-important parasites
Authors: ALGAILANY Maryam , ALHADIDI Sanaa , MOLAN Abdul-Lateef 
Published: December 2023

Household cockroaches constitute a significant public health threat due to their capacity of transmitting medically-important parasites and other pathogens. The role of Iraqi household cockroaches as potential vectors of medically-important parasites was evaluated in the present study. Fifty cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) were collected from different dwelling places of Baquba City, Diyala Province during the period from October to December 2022. The contents of their guts and external body surfaces were examined for the presence of medically-important parasites. The overall prevalence rate of parasitic infestation on the external body surfaces was 60.0%, while the overall prevalence rate of parasitic infection in the guts was 56.0%. Based on capture sites, cockroaches trapped in the toilets had more parasites than those caught from kitchens and rooms. Four species of medically important parasites were isolated from the external body surfaces of the cockroaches; three species were identified as protozoa and only one species was helminth. The protozoan parasites were identified as Blastocystis spp. (36.0%), Giardia spp. (14.0%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (4.0%). In addition, five species of medically important parasites were isolated from the gut contents; four species were identified as protozoa and only one species was helminth. The protozoan parasites were identified as Blastocystis spp. (24.0%), Giardia spp. (10.0%), Cryptosporidium spp. (8.0%), and Entamoeba histolytica/ E. dispar (2.0%). Enterobius vermicularis was the only helminth parasite isolated from both gut contents (2.0%) and external body surfaces (2.0%). In conclusion, the results showed that cockroaches were found to harbor intestinal parasites of public health importance and awareness on the potential role of these insects in the transmission of human intestinal parasites needs to be established