bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P139Transvaginal color Doppler study of uterine blood flow in primary dysmenorrhea
Authors: Dmitrović R. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe pain in primary dysmenorrhea is caused by excessive prostaglandin production that leads to vasoconstriction and uterine ischemia. Changes in uterine blood flow are important factor in patophysiology of primary dysmenorrhea. The aim of the study was to determine if vasoconstriction of the uterine vessels in patients with primary dysmenorrhea is detectable by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound.MethodsForty‐two women with primary dysmenorrhea and 50 healthy controls were included in this prospective study. Women were examined with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound on first day of the cycle, once in the follicular and once in the luteal phase. Measurements of pulsatility index in uterine, arcuate, radial and spiral arteries were performed. Student's t‐test was used to establish statistical significance between groups.ResultsWomen in dysmenorrhea group had significantly higher uterine blood flow indices than healthy controls in all three measurements periods. This includes all vessels studied on the first day of the cycle, the radial and spiral arteries during the follicular phase and the arcuate, radial and spiral arteries during the luteal phase.ConclusionsWe found that women with primary dysmenorrhea have elevated Doppler indices in uterine arteries not only on first day of the cycle but throughout the whole cycle. Therefore we postulated that primary dysmenorrhea is not only the disorder of menstruation but also a disease of a menstrual cycle in whole.
P144Color Doppler imaging of the testis in azoospermic subjects as a predictor of spermatozoa retrieval on testicular sperm extarction
Authors: Har‐Toov J. , Fait G. , Houser R. , Wolman I. , Gull I. , Amster R. , Yavetz H. , Jaffa A. J. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThere are no clinical parameters for identification of spermatogenic tissue within the testis of azoospermic subjects. Consequently, multiple biopsies are performed until spermatozoa are found. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether testicular blood flow can be a predictor of spermatozoa retrieval on TESE.MethodColor Doppler ultrasound was performed in 13 azoospermic subjects affected by primary testicular pathology and in 7 fertile subjects. The PI, RI, and S/D ratio reflecting resistance to flow were measured in the mid‐portion of the testis in the longitudinal view. All azoospermic subjects underwent TESE in which a biopsy was taken from the head, mid, and tale portion of the testis. The specimens were evaluated for structure and for the presence of spermatozoa.ResultsBlood flow indices were similar in azoospermic subjects as compared to fertile subjects. (mean ± SD; PI = 0.99 ± 0.64, RI = 0.52 ± 0.16, S/D = 2.16 ± 0.74; PI = 0.99 ± 0.19, RI = 0.59 ± 0.07, S/D = 2.51 ± 0.48, respectively). In seven patients, spermatozoa was found in one or more of the testicular specimens. Blood flow indices in this group were similar to the indices in azoospermic patients in whom spermatozoa was not found.ConclusionAt present testicular blood flow as evaluated by color Doppler can not serve as a predictor of spermatozoa retrieval on TESE.
P154Psychological stress and ultrasound screening in pregnancy: a risk‐group comparison
Authors: Fuchshuber S. , Strauss A. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundWe intended to assess the psychological stress experienced by mothers during ultrasound screenings in pregnancy.MethodsBetween 1997 and 1999, 136 women (age 17–41, pregnancy week 9–41) were asked to record their stress level before, during and after the ultrasound exam on a scale from 1 to 10. 81 patients were generally concerned about their pregnancy, 22 were over age 35, 21 had specific pregnancy risks (family history, preeclampsia, first‐trimenon medication‐intake/infection, pathological ultrasound findings).ResultsWomen generally concerned or with known pregnancy risk report significantly more stress before the exam (mean 3.8 vs. 1.9 and 4.6 vs. 2.8; P < 0.01). However, during or after the exam, stress levels are equal in all groups (5.1 vs. 4.3, 2.9 vs. 2.3; P > 0.01). We also find no significant differences between women above or below age 35 (3.0 vs. 3.1 before, 4.3 vs. 4.4 during, 2.5 vs. 2.2 after ultrasound exam; P > 0.01). Overall, all women experienced the most stress during, and the least stress after the exam (P < 0.01).ConclusionOr results show that we need to anticipate an equal level of anxiety in all women we examine. We cannot assume that a young mother without risk will experience the exam any more or less distressful than a woman with predisposed risk. The results cautions us to give adequate consideration to every individual patient, regardless of pregnancy risk.
P02The first results of the ultrasound transvaginal screening in early pregnancies in Kazan city, Tatarstan, Russia
Authors: Teregoulova L. , Bajazitova L. , Latypov A. , Shajhutdinova L. 
Published: March 2003

In 1 January 2000 in order of Tatarstan Health Care Ministry transvaginal first trimester screening was introduced in Kazan city. All pregnant women have to be examined in one of 5 the medical centers.We present the results of six month screening for all pregnant women between 10 and 14 weeks gestation.MethodRoutine transvaginal ultrasound examination included the measurement of fetal crown‐rump length, nuchal translucency and estimation of fetal anatomy.ResultsA total 1620 pregnant women of 10–14 weeks of gestation were examined from January till June 2000. All abnormalities were detected at the 12–13 weeks gestational ages. The increasing of nuchal translucency thickness were found in 23 cases, 7 of them chromosomal defects had, in this group in 5 cases cystic hygroma with hydrops were identified.In 12 cases structural anomalies were found: 1‐body stalk anomaly, 1 case‐omphalocele with liver in it, 1‐holoprosencephaly with proboshisis and microphtalmia, 1‐encephalocele, 3‐acrania, 5‐anencephaly. In the cases of holoprosencephaly and encephalocele nuchal translucency measured at 10–11 week was normal.ConclusionEven the first results of early pregnancy transvaginal screening show its great significance in our city. The most adequate period for transvaginal screening is 12–13 weeks.
P40Fetal treatment for hydrops fetalis assisted by interventional ultrasound
Authors: Tanemura M. , Suzumori K. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundFetal hydrops has many causes including hydrothorax and cardiac abnormality. Our fetal treatment experience with such disorders associated with hydrops fetalis is reviewed and the efficacy of new interventional ultrasound is presented.Methods Case 1. A case of fetal lung tumor. Color Doppler analysis and MRI were introduced for differential diagnosis. Case 2. A case of severe pleural effusion. Detailed examination of intrathoracic fluid led to a diagnosis of congenital fetal chylothorax. Fetal treatment by intrapleural injection of OK‐432 was introduced. Case 3. A case of fetal tachyarrhythmia. We introduced transmaternal‐abdominal fetal ECG and administered transplacental medication.Results Case 1. Color Doppler analysis revealed an anomalous arterial supply from the aorta to tumor, leading to a diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration. Only reduction amniocentesis was repeated, with the circulatory failure spontaneously improving. Case 2. The pleural effusion was reduced by adhesion of the intrathoracic space, with pulmonary hypoplasia successfully prevented by OK‐432. Case 3. Transmaternal‐abdominal fetal ECG led to a diagnosis of fetal PSVT. Transplacental propranolol stopped fetal PSVT quickly, while digoxin slightly improved fetal cardiac function.ConclusionsOK‐432 may be considered as an alternate intrauterine therapeutic option to shunt insertion for severe fetal hydrothorax. Fetal ECG was also useful for the diagnosis of fetal tachyarrhythmia. Since some untreated cases show spontaneous improvement, the indications for fetal treatment should be reconsidered.
P48Parameters of renal function by the obtention of fetal urine by intrauterine aspiration
Authors: Troyano Luque J. M. , Clavijo M. T. , Feo C. M. , Laynez E. , Gómez M. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundWe have studied the fetal renal function by urinary biochimical analysis obtained by aspirative nephrostomy.MethodSince 1993 we have practiced in our ultrsound unite 51 aspirative nephrostomies in cases of over 15 mm hydronephrosis since the 20th week of pregnancy. We have determined the tubular dynamic of Na+, Cl−, K+, P+, the excretory response after overcharge of the NaCl, the tubular response to the aqueous diuresis, Calcium tubular dynamic, uric acid, glucose. Acid‐base equilibrium.ResultsLimited excretory capacity of Na+and Cl−. Excretory diminishing with Na+Cl− overcharge. The diuresis aqueous decreases the reabsortion of Na+, Cl−, Ca+, P+, glucose and uric acid. In premature fetuses there is hypocalciuria with hyperphosphaturia. The excretion of uric acid is higher in premature fetuses (7.7 ± 2.7 mg/dl) than in mature fetuses (5.2 ± 1.6 mg/dl). The excretion of glucose is higher in premature fetuses. In all the cases a perinatal renal function was verifyed. In a 78.4% of the cases, reparatory surgery was needed. Dyalisis wasn't needed in any new‐born. In two of the cases unilateral nephrectomy was needed.ConclusionThe theoretical renal obstructive prenatal problems are not always associated to renal disfunction. The neprhourological matureness presents important changes in tubular dynamic of Ca+, P+, glucose and uric acid, nevertheless it keeps the same tubular dynamic with Na+, Cl− and potassium.
P51Prenatal detection of Fraser syndrome without cryptophthalmos
Authors: Berg C. , Geipel A. , Germer U. , Gembruch U. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundFraser syndrome (cryptophthalmos–syndactyly syndrome) is an autosomal recessive multiple malformation syndrome whose major manifestations are cryptophthalmos, syndactyly, laryngeal atresia and urogenital defects. Enlarged hyperechogenic lungs contrasted by oligohydramnios, nonvisualization of the kidneys and microphthalmia were sonographic markers leading to the prenatal detection of this rare autosomal recessive disorder in earlier reports.Case reportFraser syndrome was diagnosed at 16.0 weeks gestational age in a women whose previous pregnancy was terminated because of multiple malformations. Abnormal sonographic findings included agenesis of kidneys and bladder, dilated trachea and main bronchi suggestive for high airway obstruction, hyperechogenic lungs, syndactyly of the fingers, hepatomegaly, oligohydramnios and hydrops placentae. Strikingly, face and cerebral structures appeared normal. However these findings together with the previously affected child led to the diagnosis of Fraser syndrome. The parents elected to terminate the pregnancy. Autopsy results were confirmatory. No defects of the face could be demonstrated.ConclusionPrenatal diagnosis of Fraser syndrome is possible in the hands of an expert, but due to the great variety of possible malformations the diagnosis will remain at doubt in most cases in which no previous child is affected.
P53Repetition of osteochondro‐dysplasia – a rare hereditary disorder of bones
Authors: Sipos S. , Marton T. , Ujházy A. , Rigó Jr J. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundOsteochondrodysplasia with defective bone mineralization is a rare hereditary disorder. It is characterized by bone structure defects and a deficiency of bone/liver/kidney alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and tissues.Case reportType 2a osteochondrodysplasia was detected in the first and second pregnancies of a 28‐year‐old woman. Fetal age was 20 and 17 gestational weeks, respectively. Ultrasonographical findings showed a soft, dilatated spine, narrow chest and short ribs as well as deformed bones and skull. An additional fetopathological finding ws hypomineralization of the skelet (diagnosed by hystopathology and X‐Ray examination). The disorder proved to be Infantile Hypophosphatasia (congenital lethal type).OutcomeBoth pregnancies were terminated after the diagnosis of the disorder.ConclusionIn order to detect this disorder, careful, repeated ultrasound exam should be performed in the first and second trimester. A Serum alkaline phosphatase level and elevated urinare phosphoethanolamine level of the family members may help to predict the disorder.
P60Effectiveness of treatment the fetal hemolytic disease by intravascular transfusions
Authors: Puacz P. , Brzezińska E. , Sobczak E. , Drews K. , Słomko Z. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe aim of our study was to estimate the efficacy of treatment the fetal hemolytic disease by intravascular transfusions (IVT).MethodIn the group of 71 immunized patients, after 21 weeks' gestation we performed amniocentesis. Results of the optical density at 450 nm in 2nd or 3rd zone in Liley's scale were an indication for cordocentesis, fetal blood sampling and in cases with low values of blood parameters – intravascular transfusion with drugs administration. In some cases we chose elective preterm cesarean delivery. The management depended on the gestational age, fetal maturity, blood parameters, ultrasound examination and FHR patterns.ResultsThe number of 24/71 patients required IVT. We transfused 20–90 ml of blood in 3–10 days intervals. The total amount of IVT was 78: 65/78 into a free loop of umbilical cord and 13/78 into its placental insertion. In 22/24 cases there were born healthy neonates, five of them required exchange transfusion because of hyperbilirubinemia. We observed one intrauterine death 10 h after IVT, probably due to cord hematoma and one death of hydropic neonate 48 h after delivery.ConclusionThe treatment of fetal hemolytic disease by IVT is associated with high perinatal survival rate and low perinatal mortality rate.
P66Early screening for chromosomal abnormalities: biochemical, ultrasonographic and Doppler assessment
Authors: Comas C. , Antolín E. , Figueras F. , Echevarría K. , Muñoz A , Torrents M. 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of prenatal markers in screening for chromosomal abnormalities (CA) at 10–16 weeks' gestation.MethodsBiochemical serum assessment, nuchal translucency measurement (NT), fetal heart rate (FHR), umbilical artery pulsatility index (UAPI) and ductus venosus pulsatility index for veins (DVPIV) were prospectively evaluated.ResultsA total of 7718 cases were evaluated, including 76 CA. The table summarises the effectiveness of each single parameter as a marker of CA. Detection rate (DR), specificity (S), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) are shown.

Single markers
DR (%)
S (%)
PPV (%)
NPV (%)

Chromosomal abnormalities

NT > 95th c
75.0
95.6
14.5
99.7

FHR < 2.5th or > 97.5th c
15.3
96.2
4.1
99.1

UAPI > 95th c
19.1
96.0
4.5
99.2

DVPIV > 95th c
81.5
95.6
15.3
99.8

Autosomal trisomies1

NT > 95th c
89.9
95.6
11.5
99.9

FHR < 2.5th or > 97.5th c
15.2
96.2
2.6
99.4

UAPI > 95th c
16.3
96.0
2.5
99.5

DVPIV > 95th c
85.0
95.6
12.2
99.9

Biochemical risk > 1/2702
64.3
92.2
2.4
99.9

Referred to main autosomal trisomies (21, 18 and 13).

2
Referred to trisomies 21.

Conclusions1. Early screening programmes for CA are, at least, as effective as later strategies. 2. NT is the most sensitive and specific marker for autosomal trisomies. 3. DVPIV is the most sensitive and specific marker for overall CA. 4. UAPT and FHR are not effective single markers for CA. 5. Biochemical serum strategies should be reconsidered when we early scan unselected population.
P77The usefulness of uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in the prediction of high risk pregnancy. I. Normal ranges
Authors: Sieroszewski P. , Suzin J. , Surkont G. , Karowicz‐Bilińska A. 
Published: March 2003

Objective1. To establish the value of Doppler ultrasound of the uterine artery in identyfying high risk pregnancies. 2. To assess the efficacy of prophylactic aspirin treatment in high risk pregnancies (abnormal uterine artery Doppler velocimetry). 3. To show the efficacy of arginin treatment of IUGR fetuses in high risk pregnancies (abnormal uterine artery Doppler velocimetry).I. Normal ranges of uterine artery Doppler velocimetryDesign and methodsWe studied 428 single normal pregnancies between 19 and 39 weeks. There were assessed S/D, RI & PI in both uterine arteries. We included results of singleton pregnancies where healthy babies were born.ResultsWe assessed decreasing of S/D, RI & PI values with the progression of pregnancy. We did not find statistically significant differences between right & left uterine arteries.Conclusions1. The uterine artery velocimetry depends on gestational age – the values of S/D, RI, PI values decrease with the progression of gestation. 2. There are not significant differences between right and left uterine artery Doppler velocimetry.We continue our studies. (KBN nr 4 P05E 01616 i 4 P05E 01717).
P89A longitudinal study of computerized cardiotocography in pregnancies with absent or reversed end‐diastolic velocity (AREDV) in the umbilical artery Doppler studies: preliminary results
Authors: Steinman D. S. , Yamamoto R. M. , Francisco R. P. V. , Miyadahira S. , Zugaib M. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundA study of computerized cardiotocography (CTG) results in pregnancies with AREDV.MethodsForty‐eight computerized CTGs of 13 AREDV cases were studied. All the patients were hospitalized after the AREDV diagnosis and submitted to intensive fetal vitality evaluation.ResultsFrom the 48 exams performed, 25 (52%) met Dawes/Redman's criteria, and the mean time of analysis was 31.7 ± 15.3 min. fhr decelerations were found in 1 (4%) of the 25 cases where the criteria were met and in 9 (39.1%) of the 23 cases where the criteria were unmet. Fetal death occurred in 2 cases. The results of the last CTG are shown in the table:

pH < 7.20  or fetal death (n = 5)
pH > 7.20  (n = 6)

STV < 4.0
2 (40%)
1 (16.7%)

Criteria unmet
4 (80%)
3 (50%)

ConclusionThe preliminary results show that, in AREDV cases, Dawes/Redman's criteria were not met in 47.9% of the exams performed. A high incidence of abnormalities (80%) was found in the computerized CTG in cases that presented acidosis at birth or fetal death.
P96Abnormal trajectory of the anterior cerebral artery. A key finding to the diagnosis of the fetal lobar holoprosencephaly
Authors: Zaarour P. , Bernard J. P. , Senat M. V. , Keersmaecker B D. E. , Molho M. , Ville Y. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe prenatal diagnosis of alobar and semi lobar holoprosencephaly is accesible in routine ultrasound. In contrast the diagnosis of lobar holoprosencephaly is still difficult. Prenataly differential diagnosis of lobar holoprosencephaly with septal defects is important for counseling.Case reportWe describe the shape and trajectory by color Doppler of the anterior cerebral artery in a case of lobar holoprosencephaly.ResultsThe anterior cerebral artery runs under the frontal bones and is a key to the diagnosis of fusion of the two frontal gyri. This has already been described on angiography in children with holoprosencephalyConclusionThis aspect in color Doppler of the anterior cerebral artery is particularly useful in the difficult diagnosis of lobar holoprosencephaly
P99Effect of the vitamin E on the vasoconstrictor reflex
Authors: López Ramón y Cajal C. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe vitamin E is an antioxidant agent used in the regulation of the vascular reactivity. We describe the use of the vitamin E on the regulation of the vasoconstrictor effect (VE) of the proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery (pMCA).MethodIn 11 fetuses we performed a pressure test. First the VE was demonstrated using pulsed Doppler and then we administrate orally vitamin E to the pregnant (15–50 mg per day). Later, we repeat the pt to observe the response on the VE.ResultsAfter the vitamin E the VE was decreased or abolished (see table at top of page).

Number  of case
W/VE/E  (mg)
W/VE/E  (mg)
W/VE/E  (mg)
W/VE/E  (mg)

1
305/++/start 15
306/+/15
34/0/15
36/0/15

2
305/+/start 15
334/+I/15
34/0/15
37/0/15

3
332/++I/start 15
342/0/15
352/0/15
36/0/15

4
306/++/start 15
316/0/15
35/0/15

5
292/++I/start 50
312/0/50

6
313/++I/start 50
33/0/50
355/0/50

7
256/++/start 50
263/0/50

8
293/++I/start 50
296/0/50

9
293/++/start 50
296/++I/100
302/+/0/50
311/0/50

10
265/++I/start 50
272/0/50

11
282/++I/start 50
29/0/50

W = weeks. E = vitamin E. + = ve; 0 = no ve. i = inverse flow in the pMCA.

ConclusionWith vitamin E we can regulate the VE of the pMCA. This response could avoid some perinatal motor injury of intrauterine origin and best the neonatal vascular adaptation.
WS16‐02Sonoembryology using intrauterine sonography
Authors: Hata T. 
Published: March 2003

Our first purpose was to describe embryonic anatomic structures by use of IUS with a 20‐MHz flexible catheter‐based, high resolutions, real‐time miniature transducer. The number and the clarity of structures increased from 7 to 8 weeks of gestation; however, the image quality was degenerated because of the increasing fetal size at 9 weeks. At 8 weeks secondary brain vesicles, spine, midgut herniation, liver, upper and lower limb buds, and sacral tail were visualized in all fetuses. The four‐chamber view was first identified at 8 weeks, as were fingers or toes. The stomach was first noted at 9 weeks.Second purpose was to compare the ultrasound visualization of the early first‐trimester embryo using TVS and IUS as 6–8 weeks of gestation. The ability to view most organs was better with IUS compared to TVS, and this was especially true for the brain, spine, heart, liver, midgut herniation, extremities, and sacral tail. Moreover, it was possible to obtain finer image quality of very small embryonic structures with IUS than with TVS.Third purpose was to evaluate embryonic organ growth (liver, heart, and brain vesicles) using IUS in the early first trimester of pregnancy. The significant good correlation between each parameter and gestational age was obtained.Fourth purpose was to visualize normal embryonal surface anatomic structures using 3D‐IUS at 7–9.9 weeks gestational age. At week 8, prominent forehead was evident, and upper and lower limbs and midgut herniation were clearly depicted. At week 9, fingers and toes were depicted as small digital rays, and the sacral tail protruded caudally. At week 10, embryonic face and fingers were clearly shown.
WS16‐05Doppler assessment of early pregnancy
Authors: Ruiz‐Flores M. 
Published: March 2003

Doppler velocimetry give possibility of making noninvasive evaluation of the vascular modifications from the beginning of pregnancy.We have studied following vessels:Retrocorial arteriesThe flow increases since sixth to twelfth weeks, progressively which is explained by the increment of the conductancy and the reduction of resistance. Trophoblastic invasion of spirals arteries in the coral bed, and hormones produced during the gestation affect both values.Uterine arteriesThe resistance of the uterine arteries diminish since sixth to twelfth weeks, in normal pregnancy. The low increment depends on the modifications in the coral bed and of hormonal vasodilator effect.OVF Luteum gravidicusWhen ovary flow is greater in first stage of pregnancy suggest a favorable early gestation, and vice versa, a regress in those measures had a negative character. We could evaluate the role of Doppler examinations in the following situations: • Abortion in any stage and variations • Blighted ovum • Ectopic pregnancyIn all these conditions, Doppler showed to be a trusty, predictive, prognostical and diagnostical instrument of great utility. Clinical application of Doppler Uterus Corial could be used in a preventive way when the increment of the resistance in the uterine arteries appears before clinical abortion symptoms.We also applied Doppler exploration in AVF patients confirming that the deficit in uterine perfusion is significantly related with the failures in embryonary implantation. Recently, we are performing endovaginal color Doppler in the diagnoses of early ectopic gestation and trophoblastic disease with very satisfactory results.