bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the spatial variation in cost-efficiency for agricultural greenhouse gas mitigation programs in the U.S.
Authors: Cameron-Harp Micah V. , Hendricks Nathan P. , Potter Nicholas A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Two major factors that determine the efficiency of programs designed to mitigate greenhouse gases by encouraging voluntary changes in U.S. agricultural land management are the effect of land use changes on producers’ profitability and the net sequestration those changes create. In this work, we investigate how the interaction of these factors produces spatial heterogeneity in the cost-efficiency of voluntary programs incentivizing tillage reduction and cover-cropping practices. We map county-level predicted rates of adoption for each practice with the greenhouse gas mitigation or carbon sequestration benefits expected from their use. Then, we use these bivariate maps to describe how the cost efficiency of agricultural mitigation efforts is likely to vary spatially in the United States.

Results
Our results suggest the combination of high adoption rates and large reductions in net emissions make reduced tillage programs most cost efficient in the Chesapeake Bay watershed or the Upper Mississippi and Lower Missouri sub-basins of the Mississippi River. For programs aiming to reduce net emissions by incentivizing cover-cropping, we expect cost-efficiency to be greatest in the areas near the main stem of the Mississippi River within its Middle and Lower sections.

Conclusions
Many voluntary agricultural conservation programs offer the same incentives across the United States. Yet spatial variation in profitability and efficacy of conservation practices suggest that these uniform approaches are not cost-effective. Spatial targeting of voluntary agricultural conservation programs has the potential to increase the cost-efficiency of these programs due to regional heterogeneity in the profitability and greenhouse gas mitigation benefits of agricultural land management practices across the continental United States. We illustrate how predicted rates of adoption and greenhouse gas sequestration might be used to target regions where efforts to incentivize cover-cropping and reductions in tillage are most likely to be cost -effective.
Mixed-sex clusters on grass blades: breeding strategy of the ornate dog tick, Dermacentor reticulatus
Authors: Wężyk Dagmara , Romanek Wiktoria , Małaszewicz Wiktoria , Behnke Jerzy M. , Bajer Anna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The ornate dog tick Dermacentor reticulatus is second only to the hard tick Ixodes ricinus in terms of importance as a vector of infectious organisms, especially of Babesia canis, the agent of canine babesiosis. Both the geographical range and local densities of D. reticulatus are steadily increasing in many regions of Europe. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that D. reticulatus possesses an efficient breeding strategy that allows for a rapid increase in tick numbers and densities through the formation of mixed-sex clusters/aggregations while questing in the environment.

Methods
An observational study was carried out in the spring of 2023, at three sites in two regions in Central and North-Eastern Poland, both characterised by high tick densities. At each site, a 400-m-long transect was inspected for questing ticks. All noted ticks were collected, and tick numbers and sexes per stem were recorded. Differences in tick distribution by site and sex were analysed statistically.

Results
A total of 371 D. reticulatus (219 females, 152 males) ticks were collected from 270 grass stems over a combined 1200 m of transect. The majority of grass stems (74.4%) were occupied by just a single individual, with two-tick clusters the second most common category. The maximum number of D. reticulatus individuals observed on a single grass stem was six.
Mixed-sex clusters were significantly more common than single-sex clusters at all three sites. With study sites combined, mixed-sex clusters accounted for 17.4% (95% confidence limit [95% CL] 13.9–21.6%) of observations, while for multiple males and multiple females, the values were 2.6% (95% CL: 1.4–4.7%) and 5.6% (95% CL: 3.7–8.3%), respectively.

Conclusions
Mixed-sex clusters of D. reticulatus ticks were significantly more common than single-sex clusters, which we hypothesise reflects an efficient, likely pheromone-mediated breeding strategy of this expansive tick species.

Graphical Abstract
Predicting the individual effects of team competition on college students’ academic performance in mobile edge computing
Authors: Zhang Huiling , Wu Huatao , Li Zhengde , Gong Wenwen , Yan Yan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMobile edge computing (MEC) has revolutionized the way of teaching in universities. It enables more interactive and immersive experiences in the classroom, enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes. As an incentive mechanism based on social identity and contest theories, team competition has been adopted and shown its effectiveness in improving students’ participation and motivation in college classrooms. However, despite its potential benefit, there are still many unresolved issues: What type of students and teams benefit more from team competition? In what teaching context is team competition more effective? Which competition design methods better increase student academic performance? Mobile edge computing provides the ability to obtain the data of the teaching process and analyze the causal effect between team competition and students’ academic performance. In this paper, the authors first design a randomized field experiment among freshmen enrolled in college English courses. Then, the authors analyze the observation data collected from the online teaching platform, and predict individual treatment effects of academic performance in college English through linear and nonlinear machine learning models. Finally, by carefully investigating features of teams and individual students, the prediction error is reduced by up to 30%. In addition, through interpreting the predictive models, some valuable insights regarding the practice of team competition in college classrooms are discovered.
The association between team job crafting and work engagement among nurses: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Iida Mako , Sakuraya Asuka , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Imamura Kotaro , Sawada Utako , Akiyama Hiroto , Komase Yu , Miyamoto Yuki , Kawakami Norito 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Team-level job crafting has been put forward as a method to promote nurses' mental health. However, a longitudinal association is unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the association between team job crafting at baseline and work engagement, work performance, psychological distress, and intention to leave at three-month and six-month follow-ups among Japanese hospital nurses. Also, whether an increase in the team job crafting during 3 or 6 months was associated with an increase in the work engagement during 3 or 6 months of individual nurses was examined.

Methods
A multilevel prospective cohort study was conducted. Data were collected from nurses of five hospitals in Japan at baseline (T1) and follow-ups at 3-months (T2) and 6-months (T3). A total of 2,478 nurses were included. The team job crafting scale for nurses and its three subscales were measured for the independent variables. Ward-means were used as ward-level variables. The dependent variables were work engagement, work performance, psychological distress, and intention to leave. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) was used to examine the multilevel association. The study protocol was registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (ID = UMIN000047810) (May 22, 2022).

Results
A total of 460 nurses completed the T1 survey (response rate = 18.6%), and data from 391 nurses nested in 30 wards were included in the analyses. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) at T1 were 0.02 for work engagement and 0.07 for team job crafting. The HLM revealed that ward-level team job crafting at T1 was not significantly associated with work engagement, work performance, psychological distress, and intention to leave at T2 or T3. The ward-level change (T3-T1) of “crafting for the task considering the team’s growth” (subscale for team job crafting) was significantly and positively associated with the change (T3-T1) in work engagement.

Conclusions
Ward-level team job crafting at baseline did not predict nurses' work engagement, work performance, psychological distress, or intention to leave at a three-month or six-month follow-up. The impact of ward-level team job crafting may attenuate over several months.
Development and validation of a clinic-radiological model to predict tumor spread through air spaces in stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gao Zhaisong , An Pingping , Li Runze , Wu Fengyu , Sun Yuhui , Wu Jie , Yang Guangjie , Wang Zhenguang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) is associated with poor prognosis and impacts surgical options. We aimed to develop a user-friendly model based on 2-[18F] FDG PET/CT to predict STAS in stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LAC).

Materials and methods
A total of 466 stage I LAC patients who underwent 2-[18F] FDG PET/CT examination and resection surgery were retrospectively enrolled. They were split into a training cohort (n = 232, 20.3% STAS-positive), a validation cohort (n = 122, 27.0% STAS-positive), and a test cohort (n = 112, 29.5% STAS-positive) according to chronological order. Some commonly used clinical data, visualized CT features, and SUVmax were analyzed to identify independent predictors of STAS. A prediction model was built using the independent predictors and validated using the three chronologically separated cohorts. Model performance was assessed using ROC curves and calculations of AUC.

Results
The differences in age (P = 0.009), lesion density subtype (P < 0.001), spiculation sign (P < 0.001), bronchus truncation sign (P = 0.001), and SUVmax (P < 0.001) between the positive and negative groups were statistically significant. Age ≥ 56 years [OR(95%CI):3.310(1.150–9.530), P = 0.027], lesion density subtype (P = 0.004) and SUVmax ≥ 2.5 g/ml [OR(95%CI):3.268(1.021–1.356), P = 0.005] were the independent factors predicting STAS. Logistic regression was used to build the A-D-S (Age-Density-SUVmax) prediction model, and the AUCs were 0.808, 0.786 and 0.806 in the training, validation, and test cohorts, respectively.

Conclusions
STAS was more likely to occur in older patients, in solid lesions and higher SUVmax in stage I LAC. The PET/CT-based A-D-S prediction model is easy to use and has a high level of reliability in diagnosing.
Mitral valve repair for infective endocarditis after esophageal reconstruction: a case report
Authors: Tsushima Shingo , Iba Yutaka , Nakajima Tomohiro , Nakazawa Junji , Shibata Tsuyoshi , Ohkawa Akihito , Hosaka Itaru , Arihara Ayaka , Kawaharada Nobuyoshi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
In patients with retrosternal neo-esophageal conduit after right thoracotomy, the approach to cardiac surgery could be challenging. Particularly, in patients with infective endocarditis, there is a risk of injury to the conduit through standard median sternotomy. Moreover, right lung adhesions could be predicted. Herein, we present a case of successful mitral valve repair in a patient with infective endocarditis through a redo right thoracotomy after esophageal reconstruction.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old male patient was diagnosed with infective endocarditis and a large anterior mitral leaflet vegetation after a previous esophageal reconstruction via right thoracotomy for esophageal cancer. Due to the retrosternal esophageal reconstruction, we performed a mitral valve repair through a redo right thoracotomy. After resecting the vegetation, the defect was closed with a fresh autologous pericardial patch. Mitral valve annuloplasty was performed. Postoperatively, antibiotics controlled the infection. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 30.

Conclusions
Successful mitral valve repair was performed for infective endocarditis through a redo right thoracotomy after esophageal reconstruction.
Novel homozygous CARD11 variants in two patients with combined immunodeficiency and atopic skin disease
Authors: Meshaal Safa , El Hawary Rabab , Abd Elaziz Dalia , Eldash Alia , Darwish Rania , Erfan Aya , Lotfy Sohilla , Saad Mai M. , Chohayeb Engy , Alkady Radwa , Boutros Jeannette , Galal Nermeen , Elmarsafy Aisha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Caspase recruitment domain family, member 11 (CARD11) is an important protein which plays a fundamental role in the activation of NF-κβ pathway in lymphocytes. CARD11 deficiency can be inherited in either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive forms and present with different phenotypes including combined immunodeficiency, atopic dermatitis, and other variable manifestations. The present report describes clinical phenotypes and immunological defects of two unrelated patients with missense homozygous variants in CARD11 presenting with combined immunodeficiency (CID) and atopic skin disease resembling that reported in dominant negative CARD11 deficiency. The patients underwent next generation sequencing, immunophenotyping of T and B subsets by flow cytometry, T cell stimulation, and evaluation of CARD11 expression.

Results
Both patients had features suggesting CID including repeated pneumoniae with ICU admissions, chronic diarrhea, and itchy atopic skin disease. Patient-1 has homozygous missense variant in the C terminal domain (c.2839G > A, p.Glu947Lys), and patient-2 has homozygous variant in the inhibitory domain (c.1073C > G, p.Pro568Arg). Both have profound defects in Tregs with normal recent thymic emigrants, memory, and naïve CD4+ T cells. However, in response to stimulation, T cells failed to upregulate the expression of CD25. CARD11 expression by flow cytometry was decreased rather than abolished as previously described in patients with autosomal recessive CARD11 deficiency. B cells showed marked deficiency of switched memory and increase in transitional B cells.

Conclusion
Missense variants causing CARD11 deficiency may affect the protein function rather than the expression and can result in a phenotype combining the atopic skin disease and the features of CID.
Effect of cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) in treatment of premature ejaculation: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Delpasand Hadi , Mazaheri Azadeh , Kheradmand Ali , Ghorbani Mahdi , Abedi Amir Reza , Khosroabadi Mohsen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Premature ejaculation is one of the most common male sexual dysfunction, affecting approximately 30% of men. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and at the same time the safety of the cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) device in treatment of premature ejaculation disorder.

Methods
Based on a randomized clinical trial, two groups were included in the study, so that the first group was treated with sertraline along with an ATANG (AT-9 model) CES, and the second group with sertraline and inactive the CES device (as the placebo group). The state of premature ejaculation after treatment (using the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) questionnaire) was evaluated and compared for both groups.

Results
In the intervention and placebo groups, the average score of the PEDT questionnaire before the intervention did not differ significantly between the two groups (p-value equal to 0.93). However, the average score of the PEDT questionnaire after the intervention for CES group and placebo group was 10.28 ± 1.93 and 13.23 ± 3.05, respectively, which demonstrated a significant decrease in the intervention group (p-value equal to 0.01).

Conclusion
The use of CES device as a complementary treatment along with routine drug treatment (sertraline) is associated with a significant improvement in the condition of premature ejaculation of patients.

Trial registration
Name of the registry: IRCT Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials.
Trial registration number: IRCT20210621051657N1.
Date of registration: December 11, 2022.
URL of trial registry record: https://en.irct.ir/trial/57201.
Nanotechnology-based strategies overcoming the challenges of retinoblastoma: a comprehensive overview and future perspectives
Authors: Hatem Shymaa , Mohammed Donia , Ezzat Nermeen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a rare type of pediatric ocular cancer with difficulty in treatment and detection owing to alterations in tumor suppressor genes and the lack of focused, efficient, and cost-effective treatments.

Main body of the abstract
The current review presents different approaches adopted for the treatment of RB. Recently, nanodrug delivery-based systems have shown significant reported advancements in RB treatment owing to their effectiveness in delivering their cargo to the site of tumor growth, where they may induce programmed tumor cell death. Among various nanoparticulate systems employed in RB treatment are organic nanoparticles, lipid-based nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic (metallic) nanocarriers (cerium oxide, iron oxide, gold and silver), and surface-tailored multifunctionalized nanocarriers.

Short conclusion
The current review article aims at demonstrating the superiority of nanotechnology-based formulations to traditional therapies for treatment of RB in order to enhance the bioavailability and targeting of drugs to posterior eye segment specifically, thus improving patient compliance and adherence to treatment by minimizing the number of dosing intervals and hence the likelihood of side effects.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gunawardana Shamaali , Jayarajah Umesh , Ahmed Syed Faisal , Seneviratne Sumudu Nimali 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
To conduct a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) on health-related quality-of-life (QoL) and associated factors among children/adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Method
Following registration in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews(reg no: CRD42022313389), Google Scholar, PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were searched up to March 5, 2022, using predefined search strategy/MESH terms to identify original studies describing/assessing self-reported/parent-reported health-related QoL in patients with CAH ≤21 years. Methodological quality was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS), and heterogeneity by I2 statistics. MA assessed mean difference (MD) in QoL between children/adolescents with CAH and healthy children/adolescents.

Results
Among 1308 publications, the 12 studies eligible for the SR (CAH n = 781) showed NOS scales of 3 to 7/9, and the 6 eligible for MA (CAH n = 227) showed moderate-considerable heterogeneity. MA showed that parent-reported psychosocial QoL (MD 9.9 [−12.6,7.3], P ≤ .001) {consisting of school (MD 7.4[−12.2, −2.5], P = .003), emotional (MD 5.6 [−10.2, −0.9], P = .02) and social domains (MD 4.3 [−8.1, −0.5], P = .03), and self-reported school domain QoL (MD 8.5 [−15.9, −1.2], P = .02) was lower in children/adolescents with CAH while parent-reported and self-reported physical QoL were similar to controls.
Factors associated with lower QoL among children/ adolescents with CAH included poor disease control, poor medication compliance, and complications including hyperpigmentation, virilization, hypertension, hospital admission, and urinary incontinence.

Conclusion
Based on available data, children/adolescents with CAH had preserved physical QoL but impaired psychosocial QoL, especially in the school domain. Factors associated with lower QoL included poor disease control and disease/treatment-related complications. There is a need for further high-quality research that investigates the relationship between disease control, provision of psychosocial support, and improvement in QoL in children/adolescents with CAH.
Growth During Pubertal Induction in Girls With Turner Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Nicholls Joshua , Harris Mark , Hughes Ian , Huynh Tony , McMahon Sarah K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Context
Patients with Turner syndrome (TS) often present with short stature and ovarian insufficiency. The optimal method of pubertal induction to maximize adult height (AH) is unknown.

Objective
To identify variables related to pubertal induction that are associated with growth and AH.

Methods
This retrospective cohort analysis of patients attending a specialized TS clinic at a quaternary children's hospital included patients with TS (n = 107) who attended the clinic between 2015 and 2021. Among them, 51 received estradiol for pubertal induction. Main outcome measures were changes in height SD score (ΔHeightSDS) during pubertal induction and AH. Age at pubertal induction, bone age delay, mid-parental height (MPH), growth hormone treatment, and karyotype were assessed as predictors of AH and ΔHeightSDS. Associations between karyotype and comorbidities were also assessed.

Results
AH was predicted by MPH (0.8 cm/cm, P = .0001) and bone age delay (−1.84 cm/year, P = .006). ΔHeightSDS was predicted by growth hormone dose (0.09 SDS/mg/m2/week; P = .017), bone age delay (−1.37 SDS/year; P = .003), and age at pubertal induction (0.44 SDS/year; P = .001). There was an interaction between bone age delay and pubertal induction age (P = .013), with the combination of younger age at pubertal induction and a less-delayed bone age associated with a lower ΔHeightSDS. Karyotype did not influence AH or ΔHeightSDS but did affect rates of other comorbidities.

Conclusion
Decisions around timing of pubertal induction in patients with TS should be tailored to the individual. The current approach to estrogen supplementation needs to be refined in order to facilitate pubertal induction in a physiological manner without compromising height.