bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhages in the Besançon Stroke Registry
Authors: Tatu Laurent , Moulin Thierry , El Mohamad Rachid , Vuillier Fabrice , Rumbach Lucien , Czorny Alain 
Published: April 2003

The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk factors, early course, outcome and neuroimaging patterns in primary intracerebral hemorrhages (PIH). Using the Besançon Stroke Registry, 350 patients with first PIH documented by computed tomography (CT) between 1987 and 1993 were included in the present study. Patients with hemorrhage secondary to traumatism, brain tumor, thrombolytic treatment, vascular malformation or with hemorrhagic infarction were excluded. All CTs were evaluated to define the location, extension and volume of bleeding (55% of CT were performed within the first 12 h). Causes of death were classified and the 30-day outcome survival was evaluated with a modified Rankin scale (40 patients underwent a noncodified surgical procedure and were excluded from the outcome evaluation). Locations were lobar (36.5%), lenticular (32%), thalamic (15.7%), cerebellar (8.8%), midbrain and pons (2%), intraventricular (2%), caudate (1%) and multiple (2%). Risk factors included hypertension (54.8%), alcohol (18%) anticoagulant treatment (8.8%) and none (31.2%). The largest mean volume was in putaminal (41.7 ml) and lobar (39.8 ml) locations. Among 191 patients admitted before the 12th hour of evolution, 51 (26.7%) experienced an early clinical worsening. In this group, the percentage of patients with anticoagulant treatment (19.6%) was significantly higher (p < 0.0001). PIH enlargement was documented in 3 patients. Overall, the 30-day mortality rate was 24.2% with 48% of all deaths occurring in the first 3 days. Death and 30-day survival status were closely associated with PIH volume (p < 0.0001). Our study provides information on the natural history of PIH and especially on initial evolution. PIH volume seems to be an interesting indicator for death and functional status at 30 days.
Laser Doppler Evaluation of Microcirculation Behaviour during an Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Rocca M. , Giavaresi G. , Fini M. , Orienti L. , Giardino R. 
Published: April 2003

Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was tested in an experimental ischaemic model on rat limbs to evaluate the degree of ischaemia and to find a possible correlation with values obtained with this device and prognosis. Under general anaesthesia, 40 Wistar rats were submitted to 4 h and 30 min of ischaemia of the left hind limb. Ten rats formed the control group (group 1). Two enzymes, native superoxide dismutase (SOD) and SOD modified with polyethylene glycol, were employed in 15 rats each (groups 2 and 3). Data were collected by means of LDF both in the sole and muscles before ischaemia (steady state), during ischaemia and at the beginning of reperfusion, and only in the sole after 1 h of reperfusion. A range of predictive (95%) perfusion values (PU) for limb healing or necrosis was identified at the beginning of reperfusion. During ischaemia, PU changed from 0 to 10, both in the sole and in the muscle. A three-factor ANOVA (site, group, time) did not show interaction of these factors with PU (F = 1.655; p = 0.195), even if every single effect was significant (p < 0.0005). A two-factor ANOVA (group, time) showed a significant interaction of these factors with PU (F = 4.079; p = 0.019). The logistic regression between the reperfusion PU of each site and the survival of the limb was observed at the beginning and after 1 h of reperfusion in the sole only. Furthermore, a correlation between sole and muscle PU at the steady state and at the beginning of the reperfusion period was observed. The results showed the effectiveness of LDF, which can be considered a quite reliable tool to evaluate the degree of ischaemia and to have a good correlation with prognosis in this kind of experiments.
Cellular Signal Level of Cyclic AMP and Functional Integrity of the Small Bowel after Ischemic Preservation: An Experimental Pilot Study in the Rat
Authors: Minor T. , Isselhard W. 
Published: April 2003

The intestinal mucosa is one of the tissues most sensitive to ischemia. Anoxia of the gut is known to result in an early impairment of cellular permeability and transcapillary barrier function upon reperfusion. In vitro, an increased permeability of endothelial cell monolayers could be shown to be related to a decrese in cellular content of cyclic AMP (cAMP). Thus, the present study was aimed at investigating the role of the cellular cAMP second messenger signal in the context of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury after cold preservation. Segments of the upper jejunum were isolated from Wistar rats with vascular pedicle and flushed with 10 ml of UW preservation solution. The intestinal lumen was rinsed with 10–15 ml of UW solution and the organ was stored immersed in UW solution at 4°C for 4 or 18 h. After 18 h of cold ischemic storage structural and functional integrity of the preparation was tested by perfusion via the vascular system with modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer and the intestinal lumen with saline solution (containing 200 mg % of galactose) for 30 min. In half of the experiments, dibutyryl-cAMP a membrane permeable cAMP analogue, was admixed to the flush solution (2 m<i>M</i>). It was found that tissue levels of cAMP linearily decreased to 34% during 18 h of ischemic preservation in UW. Addition of dibutyryl cAMP significantly improved postischemic recovery of the intestinal preparations by decreasing cellular loss of lactic dehydrogenase (18.2 ± 4.6 vs. 7.6 ± 2.6 U/I) and improving intestinal absorbtion of galactose from the luminal circuit (0.18 ± 0.14 vs. 0.36 ± 0.14 mg %) after 30 min of oxygenated reperfusion, but was not effective to reduce transcapillary water loss into the gut lumen. It is concluded that the anoxia-related decrease of the cellular cAMP level may represent a codeterminator influencing postischemic recovery of the small bowel and that the control of the cAMP signal of ischemic intestines might improve the quality of cold preservation of the gut prior to transplantation.
Beneficial Effects of Verapamil on Intestinal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury: Pretreatment versus Postischemic Treatment
Authors: Kimura M. , Kataoka M. , Kuwabara Y. , Sato A. , Kato T. , Narita K. , Okahira T. , Fujii Y. 
Published: April 2003

We studied the effect of verapamil on intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Intestinal ischemia was induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was employed as a marker of the changes in the energy metabolism. Further, histological changes and the changes of water contents were evaluated. Recovery rates of energy metabolism after intestinal I/R were improved by verapamil, administered before and after ischemia, and tissue edema was significantly reduced with verapamil. These findings suggest that verapamil results in an improved recovery of the energy metabolism and cellular preservation, presumably by reducing the intracellular calcium influx.
Myocardial Hemodynamic and Metabolic Changes during Abdominal Insufflation with Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Katircioglu S.F. , Atalay F. , Keskin A. , Saritaş Z. , Bostanoglu S. , Yücel D. , Köse K. 
Published: April 2003

It is a well-known fact that laparoscopic procedures performed with carbon dioxide insufflation impair myocardial function. In this study, we aimed to determine the safety limitations of various intra-abdominal pressure values during abdominal insufflation with carbon dioxide. Of the 24 mongrel dogs, 6 were assigned to one of four different pressure groups (10, 15, 20 and 30 mm Hg), respectively. Cardiac output, right/left heart pressures, and the first derivative of ventricular pressure were monitored. Myocardial oxygen consumption, myocardial lactate/oxygen extraction, tissue lactate and adenosine triphosphate levels were determined. Measurements were performed initially as a control, at 15-min intervals during 1 h of insufflation and 1 h after desufflation. At 10 mm Hg carbon dioxide pressure, hemodynamic and metabolic parameters were not significantly different. Cardiac output decreased significantly in the 20 and 30 mm Hg groups (p < 0.05: 10, 15 vs. 20, 30 mm Hg). Although cardiac output did not change at 15 mm Hg, the dp/dt value was significantly reduced. Cardiac output at the 60th min was 1,960 ± 75 ml/min in the 10 mm Hg group, 1,885 ± 40 ml/min in the 15 mm Hg group, 1,770 ± 45 ml/min in the 20 mm Hg group and 1,695 ± 40 ml/min in the 30 mm Hg group. Myocardial oxygen consumption was reduced at 15, 20 and 30 mm Hg (p < 0.05: 10 vs. 15, 20 and 30 mm Hg). In the myocardial tissue, ATP decreased from 19 ± 2 to 12 ± 1.2 µmol/g at 15 mm Hg, from 19 ± 1.9 to 9.4 ± 1.3 µmol/g at 20 mm Hg and from 18 ± 3.2 to 8.2 ± 1.9 µmol/g at 30 mm Hg. Changes in hemodynamic and metabolic parameters of the heart are reversible and may not lead to any significant impairments in patients having normal cardiopulmonary function, but pose a risk in patients with respiratory disease and limited myocardial reserve.
Comparison of the Solutions of Bretschneider, St. Thomas’ Hospital and the National Institutes of Health for Cardioplegic Protection during Moderate Hypothermic Arrest
Authors: Kober Ingeborg M. , Obermayr R.P. , Brüll T. , Ehsani N. , Schneider Barbara , Spieckermann P.G. 
Published: April 2003

We evaluated three cardioplegic solutions, Bretschneider’s cardioplegic solution (HTK), St. Thomas’ Hospital solution (STH) and the solution of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), a solution with added nitroglycerin and lidocaine, for their ability to minimize ischemia-reperfusion injury in a working rat heart model. After cardioplegic arrest at 4°C and subsequent 45 min of ischemic storage at 25°C the function recovery of hearts was examined during 1 h of normothermic crystalloid reperfusion using Krebs-Henseleit buffer as perfusion medium. We noted a significantly better preservation of the maximum (+dp/dt<sub>max</sub>) and minimum (–dp/dt<sub>max</sub>) velocity of pressure development and a significantly higher coronary flow with the use of HTK (2,657 mm Hg/s, 2,122 mm Hg/s, 17 ml/min) compared to STH (1,600 mm Hg/s, p < 0.05; 1,591 mm Hg/s, p < 0.05; 11 ml/min, p < 0.05), and an intermediate level of preservation of hemodynamic parameters with NIH (2,149 mm Hg/s, 1,766 mm Hg/s, 12 ml/min). Concerning the cardiac output, however, no major difference was found between the HTK (41 ml/min), the STH (34 ml/min) and the NIH group (36 ml/min). The decay of the myocardial energy charge was significantly lower in both the HTK and the NIH group as compared with conservation in STH solution. Lactate was lowest in the HTK group, CK and LDH releases in the effusate remained lowest after HTK and NIH preservation. The data of this study suggest that HTK and NIH most perfectly reduce the impairment of myocardial function and provide better myocardial protection during ischemic arrest at 25°C and superior recovery compared to STH solution.
Effect of Triiodothyronine Administration on the Recovery of Liver Oxidative Capacity after Partial Hepatectomy
Authors: Červinková Z. , Svátková R. , Kalous M. , Rauchová H. , Červinka M. , Drahota Z. 
Published: April 2003

The aim of the present work was to investigate the role of triiodothyronine on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in the rat. During the first 3 days of liver regeneration, total protein, total DNA content and total cytochrome c oxidase activity of the residual tissue increased from 30% immediately after partial hepatectomy to 70% of the preoperative values in control rats. In triiodothyronine-treated rats, the increase in total protein was the same (70%), however, the increase in total liver DNA content and total cytochrome c oxidase acitivity was 100 and 135%, respectively during the first 3 days of regeneration. Triiodothyronine administration also increased significantly the activity of mitochondrial ATPase in regenerating liver.
Effect of Early versus Delayed Postoperative Injection of 5-Fluorouracil plus Interferon-Alpha on Colonic Healing
Authors: Kanellos I. , Odisseos C. , Kazantzidou D. , Galovatsea K. , Zaraboukas T. , Dadoukis I. 
Published: April 2003

The purpose of this study was to determine whether delayed, postoperative, intraperitoneal treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus interferon-α-2a (IFN) has adverse effects on colonic healing, as does early treatment. Seventy male Wistar rats underwent colonic anastomoses. The rats were randomized to one of four groups. Early intraperitoneal injection was given to groups 1 and 2 which was repeated once daily for the first 3 postoperative days. Treatment was delayed in groups 3 and 4, from the 4th to the 7th postoperative day. A 0.9% NaCl solution was injected in the rats of control groups 1 and 3. In groups 2 and 4, we infused 5-FU (20 mg/kg/day) and IFN (45,000 IU/kg/day). All the animals were sacrificed on the 8th postoperative day. The anastomotic rupture rate was significantly higher in the rats of group 2 compared to control group 1 (p < 0.05), while there were no differences between groups 3 and 4 (p > 0.05). Abscess formation and adhesions were more frequent in group 2 compared to control group 1, while no differences were observed between groups 3 and 4. Anastomotic bursting pressure was statistically significantly lower in the rats of group 2 compared to group 1 (p < 0.05); no differences were noticed between groups 3 and 4 (p > 0.05). Simultaneous histologic evaluation showed a more profound inflammatory reaction and delayed anastomotic healing in group 2 compared to control group 1; there were, however, no differences between groups 3 and 4. In conclusion, the immediate, postoperative, intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU plus IFN impairs colonic healing while delayed treatment (starting on the 4th postoperative day) has no adverse effects on wound healing.
Central Hemodynamic Changes in Experimental Muscle Crush Injury in Pigs
Authors: Rawlins M. , Gullichsen E. , Kuttila K. , Peltola O. , Niinikoski J. 
Published: April 2003

To investigate central and pulmonary hemodynamics in a standardized normovolemic experimental muscle injury model, 8 anesthetized and mechanically ventilated test pigs were intracavally infused with 100 ml of autologous muscle extract over a period of 100 min; 8 control pigs received Ringer’s solution. The cardiac index decreased 20% and the heart rate decreased 10% within 30 min of starting the infusion in the muscle extract group and remained depressed. Mean arterial pressure increased significantly in both groups. The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and central venous pressure remained relatively unchanged during the 5-hour study. A 2-fold increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and a nearly 4-fold increase in the pulmonary vascular resistance index was seen in the muscle extract infusion group, which however returned to normal. Arterial hemoglobin concentration and systemic vascular resistance index remained fairly stationary in both groups. Immediate significant decreases in both arterial oxygen saturation and arterial oxygen tension were observed in the muscle extract group, however both variables recovered towards the end of the experiment. A slight increase in arterial blood pH value was noted during the experiment. In conclusion, autologous muscle extract infusion causes decreases in heart rate and cardiac index, as well as a significant increase in pulmonary vascular tone and systemic hypoxemia, emphasizing the detrimental effects of skeletal muscle injury following severe trauma.
Experimental Tracheal Transplantation Using a Cryopreserved Aortic Allograft
Authors: Carbognani P. , Spaggiari L. , Solli P. , Corradi A. , Cantoni Anna M. , Barocelli Elisabetta , Tincani G. , Polvani G. , Guarino Anna , Rusca M. 
Published: April 2003

<i>Background:</i> The tracheal reconstruction after wide resections remains a critical surgical problem. Our aim was to replace trachea with a tissue easy to vascularize, which allows a simple reconstruction and does not require an immunosuppressive regimen. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> A segment of cryopreserved aorta was used in order to verify its adequacy as tracheal substitute. In phase 1, the thoracic aorta of 10 rabbits was excised, obtaining 20 segments that were cryopreserved. Ten segments were implanted in the omentum of 10 rabbits that were sacrificed on postoperative days 7, 14 and 21, and the grafts were examined histologically. In phase 2, a segment of cryopreserved aorta arranged with a silicone prosthesis was transplanted in 10 rabbits and wrapped with omentum. The animals were sacrificed on postoperative days 7, 14 and 21. <i>Results:</i> In phase 1, the neovascularization of the grafts was present after 7 days, and after 14 days the fibroblasts invaded the lumen of the aorta. In phase 2, 8 rabbits survived and the histologic examination after 7, 14 and 21 days showed neovascularization, the absence of rejection and the proliferation of fibroblasts inside the lumen of the aorta; this growth has been restrained by an endoluminal prosthesis. <i>Conclusions:</i> Our study demonstrated that replacing the trachea with cryopreserved aorta is technically feasible and does not evoke immunologic reactions. It requires, however, a silicone tube inside the allograft to limit the colonization of fibroblasts.
In vivo Studies on Insulin Permeability of an Immunoisolation Device Intended for Islet Transplantation Using the Microdialysis Technique
Authors: Rafael E. , Wernerson A. , Arner P. , Tibell A. 
Published: April 2003

In this study, insulin was injected into Theracyte<sup>TM</sup> immunoisolation devices to analyze changes in the permeability of the device over time after implantation. The recovery of insulin was studied after subcutaneous implantation of the devices in rats, using the microdialysis technique. The area under the insulin cocnetration vs. time curves (AUC) after insulin injection in devices implanted 1 day previously did not differ significantly from the AUC after subcutaneous injection. At 1, 2 and 4 weeks after implantation, the recovery of insulin was significantly reduced, but at 3 months, the AUC was not significantly different from that in the control group. Histological examination showed that the number of vascular profiles within 15 μm of the device were significantly higher at 2, 4 weeks and 3 months after transplantation when compared to numbers at 1 week. The design of the device allows transplantation of cells at a chosen time point after its implantation. Delayed filling of the device would allow neovascularization of the device surface before graft implanatation and we suggest that such a schedule might improve function of the encapsulated graft.
Selective Ablation of Porcine and Rabbit Liver Tissue Using Radiofrequency: Preclinical Study
Authors: Nakagawa A. , Kamiyama Y. , Matsui Y. , Nakagawa M. , Araki H. , Kasamatsu S. , Wei T. , Okuda Y. , Kitade H. , Kamiya T. , Noro T. , Kubo N. , Nakase Y. 
Published: April 2003

Temperature changes and their distribution induced by 13.56-MHz radiofrequency (RF) heating of agar phantom and porcine and rabbit liver were investigated. It was possible to produce selective local heating of approximately 50°C in the RF field of 2 × 2 × 2 cm<sup>3</sup> of the pig or rabbit liver. Coagulation necrosis after heating became pronounced and the margin between the coagulated lesion and normal tissue became clearer with time. Within 1 week after RF heating at 50°C for 20 min, the coagulated area was replaced selectively and totally by necrotic tissue.
Effect of Nitric Oxide on Postoperative Adhesion Formation
Authors: Özden A. , Bostanci B. , Sarioglu A. , Taşkiran D. , Tetik C. 
Published: April 2003

Peritoneal adhesions continue to be a significant cause of postoperative complications. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nitric oxide in preventing postoperative adhesion formation in rats. Three randomized groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a standardized lesion by cecal abrasion and parietal peritoneal defect. 0.9% NaCl (control, group 1), <i>L</i>-arginine (300 mg/kg, group 2) and Nω-nitro arginine methyl ester (<i>L</i>-NAME; 25 mg/kg, group 3) were administered intraperitoneally before abdominal closure and during 3 consecutive days after surgery. Two weeks after surgery, a relaparotomy was performed and the extent of adhesion formation was determined. In groups 1 and 3 heavy adhesions were detected. In the <i>L</i>-arginine group, adhesion formation was significantly less than in the other groups (p < 0.05). This study showed that <i>L</i>-arginine reduced adhesion formation.
Laparoscopic Modified Taylor Procedure in the Treatment of Duodenal Ulcer: Technique and Outcome after 5-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Petrakis I. , Vassilakis S.J. , Vrachassotakis N. , Koutsoumpas V. , Chalkiadakis G. 
Published: April 2003

<i>Background:</i> Recently, gastric stapling with posterior truncal vagotomy has been performed by laparoscopic surgery, as an alternative to highly selective vagotomy (HSV) and the Taylor procedure for the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer. <i>Aim:</i> To investigate, after a mean 5-year follow-up, the effect of the stapling-modified laparoscopic Taylor procedure, on gastric secretion, emptying and reflux as well as clinical parameters and recurrence rates in patients treated for duodenal ulcer. <i>Methods:</i> 16 patients, aged 38–66 years, were treated from January 1993 to January 1996 (median 60.5 months), by the laparoscopic stapling-modified Taylor procedure, using the Endo-GIA stapler device. Assessment of the results of gastric acid secretion, solid and liquid gastric emptying, enterogastric reflux, endoscopic findings and clinical parameters, using the Visick grading, was performed. <i>Results:</i> Endoscopy found healing ulcer in 15 patients. One patient showed signs of chronic ulcerative disease without gastritis or pyloric stenosis indicative of progressive ulcerative diathesis and was classified as Visick III. 14 patients were classified as Visick I and 1 as II. The enterogastric reflux index ranged from 0 to 26%, basal and peak acid output were 1.4 ± 0.6 and 11.7 ± 6.1 mmol H<sup>+</sup>/h, respectively. The half-emptying times of the solid and liquid meal were 82 ± 7 and 16 ± 6 min, respectively. These results are likely to be similar to those obtained from series of patients who underwent HSV or Taylor procedure and are closed to those from healthy controls. <i>Conclusions: </i>The laparoscopic modified Taylor procedure, using the Endo-GIA stapler device allows a more rapid, technically easier and radical performance of the operation with excellent long- term results and should be included in the armamentarium of the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer.