bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interrater Reliability for Classifying Craniofacial Microsomia Severity: A Call for Objective Evaluation
Authors: Ronde Elsa M. , Nolte Jitske W. , Becking Alfred G. , Breugem Corstiaan C. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThe severity of craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is generally classified using the Orbit, Mandible, Ear, Soft tissue, Nerve (OMENS) classification score. The global assessment of the Phenotypic Assessment Tool for Craniofacial Microsomia (PAT-CFM), is a pictorial modification of the OMENS classification. The aim of this study was to assess the interrater reliability of the PAT-CFM global assessment score.DesignIn this prospective cohort study, three clinicians completed the global assessment form of the PAT-CFM. The mandible was classified based on orthopantomogram- and/or computed tomography images.ParticipantsConsecutive patients with CFM or microtia.Interrater agreement was calculated using the weighted Krippendorff alpha (α), with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsIn total, 53 patients were included (106 hemifaces). The reliabilities of the main classification components ranged from high for the mandible (α = 0.904 [95% CI 0.860–0.948]) and ear (α = 0.958 [95% CI 0.934–0.983]) subscales, to tentative for the orbital summary score (α = 0.682 [0.542–0.821]), and nerve summary score (α = 0.782 [0.666–0.900]) subscales.ConclusionsThe reliability of the ear and radiographic mandible scales of the PAT-CFM global classification were high, while the orbit, facial nerve and soft tissue subscales may have limited reliability. Research focusing on radiographic severity scores for hypoplasia of the orbits and soft tissues, as well as objective measures for overall facial hypoplasia using non-ionizing forms of imaging for early classification, are warranted.
Investigation of the Relationship Between Mental Health Status and Sleep Patterns of Children Who Experienced the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake: Data From the Earthquake Region
Authors: Düken Mehmet Emin 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: The psychological conditions of children exposed to earthquakes, such as somatization, obsessive–compulsive, hostility, and paranoid thought, have not been adequately studied. AIM: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the mental states and sleep patterns of children who experienced the Kahramanmaraş earthquake. METHODS: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and relational study that included 867 children from 11 provinces of Turkey affected by the earthquake that occurred in Kahramanmaraş on February 6th. The Child Follow-up Form, Mental Symptom Screening Scale, and Child Sleep Habits Scale were used to collect data. RESULTS: The psychological symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, anger-hostility, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychotic symptoms, and other issues) experienced by children after the earthquake explained 96.9% of their sleep disturbance. Some of the demographic characteristics, such as age, the status of experiencing loss in the earthquake, the survival status of their mother and father, the survival status of their siblings, the total number of losses after the earthquake, the total number of losses in the nuclear family, total hours spent under the rubble, the hours children waited for their father, mother, and siblings to come out of the rubble, accounted for 77.9% of the mental symptoms (SCL-90). CONCLUSIONS: These results showed the importance of early recognition and treatment of sleep disturbances to prevent possible psychiatric disorders after children have been exposed to natural disasters. It is of great importance to evaluate the mental states of children after the earthquake and to apply appropriate psychiatric interventions.
The Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Wound Healing of Nasal Mucosa in the Rats
Authors: Erdal Arzu , Özdemir Doğukan , Özdemir Şule , Bakırtaş Mustafa , Ağrı İbrahim 
Published: November 2023

Background The nose can be damaged by environmental pollutants and foreign bodies, as well as a result of trauma, infection or surgical interventions. Proper healing of the damaged nasal mucosa is important for health. Objective There is no study in the literature investigating the effects of rosmarinic acid on mucosal healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rosmarinic acid on nasal mucosal healing. Methods 21 male, adult Spraque Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups as the control group, the local treatment group in which rosmarinic acid was applied locally to the nasal mucosa, and the systemic treatment group in which rosmarinic acid was injected intraperitoneally. The wound area was obtained by creating a trauma area by inserting a 10 mm interdental brush through the right nasal nostril into the right nasal cavities of all animals. For the following 15 days, the treatment agent was applied as indicated once a day and on the 15th day the animals were decapitated and tissue samples taken from the nasal mucosa were prepared for histopathological examination. The preparations were examined in terms of cellular hyperplasia, goblet cell hypertrophy and degeneration, leukocyte infiltration, cilia loss and degeneration, edema and vascular dilatation, and they have been classified into four categories as mild (+), moderate (++), severe (+++) and very severe (++++). Results There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of all parameters evaluated, and there is a decrease in the intensity of the parameters with transition from the control group to the local group and from there to the systemic group. Conclusion Systemic rosmarinic acid administration showed an enhancing effect on the healing of experimentally induced nasal mucosal injury due to its possible anti-inflammatory effect.
Micro-223 Promotes Diabetic Osteoarthritis Progression by Regulating Cartilage Degeneration and Subchondral Bone Remodeling
Authors: Li Yao , Fu Ting , Zhao Yi , Yuan Long-Jie , Wang Bai-Bai , Guan Jian , Wang Hua-Jun , Li Ling , Gao Yan-Ping 
Published: November 2023

Objective Our study was performed to investigate whether micro-223 promotes diabetic Osteoarthritis (OA) progression by regulating cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone remodeling. Methods The expression of miR-223 in human normal cartilage, OA cartilage, and subchondral bone tissue with or without DM was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). miR-223 mimic or inhibitor was transfected into chondrocytes. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-2)-3,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Results miR-223 was significantly higher in human diabetic OA cartilage and subchondral bone compared with normal OA and healthy control. Overexpression of miR-223 accelerated cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone sclerosis in diabetic OA mice, whereas miR-223 inhibition had the opposite effect. In vitro upregulation of miR-223 decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of chondrocytes. Meanwhile, downregulation of miR-223 promoted glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in chondrocytes. Conclusion miR-223 promotes diabetic OA progression by regulating cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone remodeling both in vitro and in vivo.
Zoledronic acid sequential to teriparatide may promote greater inhibition of bone resorption than zoledronic acid alone
Authors: Giveon Sharon , Zacay Galia , Vered Iris , Foldes A. Joseph , Tripto-Shkolnik Liana 
Published: November 2023

Background: Teriparatide (TPTD) should be followed by an antiresorptive to maximize bone mineral density gain and anti-fracture protection. Infrequent zoledronic acid (ZOL) administration has demonstrated effectiveness. The duration of ZOL effect following TPTD is unknown. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ZOL on bone resorption marker in a post-TPTD versus ZOL-alone scenario in osteoporotic patients. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Patients treated with TPTD followed by ZOL (TPTD–ZOL) or with a single ZOL infusion were identified in the database of a tertiary referral center. Clinical and laboratory data, including C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) following ZOL treatment, were compared. Results: Twenty-six patients (93% women) treated with TPTD–ZOL and 41 with ZOL were comparable in age (median 70.1 versus 69.6 years, p = 0.6) and sex. Timing of CTX measurement post-ZOL was the same, median 1.0 year. CTX was lower following TPTD–ZOL (median 142.1 versus 184.2 pg/mL, p = 0.005). In a multivariable regression model (controlled for baseline characteristics), pretreatment with TPTD strongly predicted CTX <150 pg/mL, 1 year following ZOL (odds ratio = 7.5, 95% CI 1.3–58.1, p = 0.03). In a subgroup with sequential CTX measurements following one ZOL, significantly lower levels persisted in the TPTD–ZOL group for a median of 4.4 years follow-up. Conclusion: ZOL-administered sequential to TPTD yielded deeper and more prolonged bone resorption suppression than ZOL alone. Prospective data are needed to confirm whether in a sequential treatment scenario, subsequent ZOL dosing interval should be less frequent.
What Matters for Corporate Cash Holdings Board Governance, Financial Constraints, or Interactions?
Authors: Hussain Abid , Gavurova Beata , Ahmed Masood , Khan Muhammad Asif , Popp József 
Published: November 2023

Corporate cash holdings have received increased attention from researchers and practitioners as cash management is a crucial task for executives. Holding too much cash can result in low returns and mismanagement by managers. Conversely, holding low cash reserves can lead to missed investment opportunities. The present study examines the relationship between board governance, financial constraints, and corporate cash holdings. The robust fixed-effects method is used in this study to analyze 860 A-listed firms in China from 2005 to 2020. An index is designed to measure board effectiveness, while financial constraints are measured using Z-score, the Kaplan and Zingales index, and the SA index. The major findings document that the financially less constrained firms hold more cash when there is an effective board governance. Furthermore, financially less constrained firms have more robust board governance to minimize the agency concerns of managers and shareholders. This research provides an inference for stockholders’ activism connected to the cash holdings of the financially constrained and less constrained companies. The findings offer useful policy implications for stakeholders to reform contemporary cash holding policies. Specifically, understanding the role of an effective governance system for financially less constrained firms would help minimize the potential agency conflict. JEL Classification: G34, O16, G32, F34
Impact of Public Debt on Economic Growth: A Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: San Chen Kong , Chin Lee 
Published: November 2023

This study aimed at investigating the nexus between government debt and its determinants in the context of sustainable economic growth for 97 countries over the period from 2004 to 2018 by employing a panel data quantile regression and comparing it across a fixed-effects model and a generalized method of moments (GMM) model. The different touches of debt on economic growth were analysed. The quantile regression estimates revealed that government debt has various impacts on economic growth, relying on the degree of economic performance. Government debt negatively affects economic growth across all the quantiles. More interestingly, the quantile regression estimates indicated that in countries with a very low level of real GDP per capita growth, government debt has a stronger pernicious effect on economic growth compared to upper-middle and high-income countries. Hence, our results provided insightful information for policy makers in designing appropriate fiscal policies particularly for low- and lower- middle-income countries to mitigate the negative effect on economic growth, and it should be maintained at a low and reasonable level to promote sustainable economic growth. JEL Classification: E61, E62, E63, H63, O4, O40
Mineralized Collagen Fiber-based Dental Implant: Novel Perspectives
Authors: Senthil Rethinam , Anitha Roy , Lakshmi Thangavelu 
Published: November 2023

Aim: One of the problems that dental bone defects commonly face is less biocompatibility. Therefore, it is important to find effective natural dental materials to increase the rate of cell viability. In the present work, a blend of mineralized collagen fiber (MCF)/silica nanoparticles (Si-NPs) is used to develop a dental implant (DI), for their possible application in dental bone repair. Materials and Methods: This research study was to develop a technique for the fabrication of DI using natural materials. Accordingly, the present work provides DI, essentially by PVA (6g): MCF (1.5g): Si-NPs (0.8g): CaCO3 (1.0g) slurry into DI with other conventional implants. The DI was characterized by its mechanical, physicochemical, and biocompatibility study. The mechanical analysis was statistically different in all three time periods ( p < .05). Surface characterization of DI was carried out before and after immersion in the SBF. Results: The DI was excellent mechanical properties like compressive strength (24.22 ± 0.32 MPa) and elongation at break (16.51% ± 0.71%). The morphology of the DI showed a good pore size observed. Bioactivity test was observed on the Calcium/Phosphate of the DI. The biocompatibility of the study MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl) thiazol-2-yl-2,5-dimethyl tetrazolium bromide) assay using the MG63 (human osteoblast cell line) has proven to more viable cell on the DI. Conclusion: The study has devised a process for using fish waste in the preparation of DI. The DI with the required strength, biocompatibility, and bone mineralization properties may be tried as a DI in large animals after obtaining the necessary approval.
Clinical Outcomes After Open and Endoscopic Repair of Proximal Hamstring Tendon Tears at a Minimum Follow-up of 5 Years
Authors: Fenn Thomas W. , Timmermann Anne P. , Brusalis Christopher M. , Kaplan Daniel J. , Ebersole John W. , Nho Shane J. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Current evidence supports favorable short-term clinical outcomes with few complications after surgical management of proximal hamstring injuries; however, the durability of clinical benefits beyond approximately 2 years after surgery is unknown. Purpose: To evaluate patient-reported clinical outcomes and complication rates associated with open and endoscopic repair of proximal hamstring tears at minimum 5-year follow-up. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A single-surgeon registry of patients was queried between October 1, 2014, and December 31, 2017, to identify patients who underwent open or endoscopic repair of a proximal hamstring tear. Patients who reported minimum 5-year follow-up data were included. Multiple patient-reported outcome measures, including the Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL) and Sports-Specific (HOS-SS) subscales, 12-Item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Function (PF) and Pain domains, along with surgical complications, were analyzed. Results: Among 35 eligible patients (65.7% female; mean age, 52.3 ± 8.4 years), 24 had full-thickness tears and 11 had partial-thickness tears. There were 23 open repairs and 12 endoscopic repairs. Mean duration from symptom onset to surgical intervention was 37.9 weeks (range, 1.3-306.9 weeks). At a mean follow-up of 69.0 months (range, 60.0-95.0 months), mean postoperative outcome scores were as follows: HOS-ADL, 86.8 ± 12.7; HOS-SS, 83.1 ± 19.5; iHOT-12, 86.3 ± 14.9; PROMIS-PF, 50.0 ± 11.8; and PROMIS–Pain, 50.2 ± 7.9. Regarding complications, 28.6% of patients had a complication including persistent peri-incisional numbness (11.4%), wound infection (11.4%), postoperative neuropathy (8.6%), and revision surgery (2.9%). Conclusion: Both open and endoscopic surgical techniques for repair of proximal hamstring injuries produced favorable patient-reported clinical outcomes at a minimum 5-year follow-up.
Impact of Diabetes Self-Management Education on A1C Levels Among Black/African Americans: A Systematic Review
Authors: Okeyo Hilda M. , Biddle Martha , Williams Lovoria B. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the impact of diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs on A1C levels of Black/African American adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Authors followed PRISMA guidelines and searched PubMed and CINAHL databases to identify articles published from 2000 to date. The primary outcome was A1C and participation in a DSME program among Black/African Americans with diabetes. Results: Nine high-quality randomized control trials (RCTs) were included in this review. Sample sizes ranged between 48 and 211. Studies reported Black/African American samples ranging from 23% to 57% (n = 4), 4 reported 100%, and 1 reported 96%. Most (56%) reported a statistically significant decline in A1C levels postprogram, whereas 44% noted insignificant changes. All the studies compared the DSME intervention effect to a control group or another type of diabetes self-management program. Conclusion: The results suggest that DSME programs can be effective at lowering A1C levels in Black/African American adults; however, more research with larger sample sizes of Black/African Americans is warranted. The availability of meta-analyses and more RCTs could also further strengthen the external validity of this review. Additionally, future studies focused on A1C outcomes within DSME programs not combined with other self-management interventions among Black/African Americans can advance science regarding the impact of DSME programs among this disparate population.
COVID-19 vaccination acceptance, safety and side-effects in European patients with severe asthma
Authors: Bossios Apostolos , Bacon Alison M. , Eger Katrien , Paróczai Dóra , Schleich Florence , Hanon Shane , Sergejeva Svetlana , Zervas Eleftherios , Katsoulis Konstantinos , Aggelopoulou Christina , Kostikas Konstantinos , Gaki Eleni , Rovina Nikoletta , Csoma Zsuzsanna , Grisle Ineta , Bieksiené Kristina , Palacionyte Jolita , ten Brinke Anneke , Hashimoto Simone , Mihălţan Florin , Nenasheva Natalia , Zvezdin Biljana , Čekerevac Ivan , Hromiš Sanja , Ćupurdija Vojislav , Lazic Zorica , Chaudhuri Rekha , Smith Steven James , Rupani Hitasha , Haitchi Hans Michael , Kurukulaaratchy Ramesh , Fulton Olivia , Frankemölle Betty , Howarth Peter , Porsbjerg Celeste , Bel Elisabeth H. , Djukanovic Ratko , Hyland Michael E. 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundVaccination is vital for achieving population immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, but vaccination hesitancy presents a threat to achieving widespread immunity. Vaccine acceptance in chronic potentially immunosuppressed patients is largely unclear, especially in patients with asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the vaccination experience in people with severe asthma.MethodsQuestionnaires about vaccination beliefs (including the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale, a measure of vaccination hesitancy-related beliefs), vaccination side-effects, asthma control and overall safety perceptions following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination were sent to patients with severe asthma in 12 European countries between May and June 2021.Results660 participants returned completed questionnaires (87.4% response rate). Of these, 88% stated that they had been, or intended to be, vaccinated, 9.5% were undecided/hesitant and 3% had refused vaccination. Patients who hesitated or refused vaccination had more negative beliefs towards vaccination. Most patients reported mild (48.2%) or no side-effects (43.8%). Patients reporting severe side-effects (5.7%) had more negative beliefs. Most patients (88.8%) reported no change in asthma symptoms after vaccination, while 2.4% reported an improvement, 5.3% a slight deterioration and 1.2% a considerable deterioration. Almost all vaccinated (98%) patients would recommend vaccination to other severe asthma patients.ConclusionsUptake of vaccination in patients with severe asthma in Europe was high, with a small minority refusing vaccination. Beliefs predicted vaccination behaviour and side-effects. Vaccination had little impact on asthma control. Our findings in people with severe asthma support the broad message that COVID-19 vaccination is safe and well tolerated.
Assembly and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl
Authors: Song Yun , Du Xiaorong , Li Aoxuan , Fan Amei , He Longjiao , Sun Zhe , Niu Yanbing , Qiao Yonggang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl is a valuable ornamental and medicinal plant. Although the nuclear and chloroplast genomes of F. suspensa have been published, its complete mitochondrial genome sequence has yet to be reported. In this study, the genomic DNA of F. suspensa yellowish leaf material was extracted, sequenced by using a mixture of Illumina Novaseq6000 short reads and Oxford Nanopore PromethION long reads, and the sequencing data were assembled and annotated.

Result
The F. suspensa mitochondrial genome was obtained in the length of 535,692 bp with a circular structure, and the GC content was 44.90%. The genome contains 60 genes, including 36 protein-coding genes, 21 tRNA genes, and three rRNA genes. We further analyzed RNA editing of the protein-coding genes, relative synonymous codon usage, and sequence repeats based on the genomic data. There were 25 homologous sequences between F. suspensa mitochondria and chloroplast genome, which involved the transfer of 8 mitochondrial genes, and 9473 homologous sequences between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Analysis of the nucleic acid substitution rate, nucleic acid diversity, and collinearity of protein-coding genes of the F. suspensa mitochondrial genome revealed that the majority of genes may have undergone purifying selection, exhibiting a slower rate of evolution and a relatively conserved structure. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships among different species revealed that F. suspensa was most closely related to Olea europaea subsp. Europaea.

Conclusion
In this study, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated a high-quality F. suspensa mitochondrial genome. The results of this study will enrich the mitochondrial genome data of Forsythia, lay a foundation for the phylogenetic development of Forsythia, and promote the evolutionary analysis of Oleaceae species.