bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Safety and Effectiveness of Topical Intrapleural Application of Tranexamic Acid in Thoracic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Alzahrani Amer , Alkofide Hadeel , Joharji Hala , Korayem Ghazwa B. , Aljohani Sarah , Alshareef Hanan , AlFaifi Mashael , Alalawi Hassan , Sulaiman Khalid Al 
Published: December 2023

Objectives Bleeding remains a common complication post-thoracic surgery. Although intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to decrease blood loss, its use has been associated with adverse effects. Accordingly, topical TXA has been proposed as an alternative to reduce bleeding with fewer systemic complications. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing topical TXA versus control (i.e., placebo) in patients undergoing thoracic procedures. The primary outcome was total postoperative blood loss at 24 hours. Secondary outcomes included were the number of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions, and hospital length of stay (LOS). Meta-analyses were pooled using mean difference with inverse-variance weighting and random-effects. Results Out of the 575 unique studies that were screened, we identified three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 399 patients. Out of the three RCTs analyzed, two studies, accounting for 67% of the total, were found to have a low risk of bias. The primary outcome of 24-h post-operative blood loss was significantly lower in patients who received TXA (mean difference [MD] −93.6 ml, 95% CI −121.8 to −65.4 ml, I2 = 45%). In addition, the need for RBC transfusion was significantly lower in the topical TXA group compared to control (MD −0.5 units, 95% CI −0.8 to −0.3 units, I2 = 60%). However, there was no significant difference in the hospital length of stay (LOS) (MD −0.3 days, 95% CI −0.9 to 0.4 days, I2 = 0%). These results remained consistent after several sensitivity analyses. The use of topical intrapleural tranexamic acid has also been found to be safe without any significant safety concerns. Conclusion Topical intrapleural TXA reduces blood loss and the need for blood transfusions during thoracic surgery. In addition, there is no evidence of the increased safety concerns associated with its use. Larger trials are necessary to validate these findings and evaluate the safety and efficacy of different dosages.
31 years survival rate of ARPE® single-mobility prosthesis in trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis
Authors: Druel Thibault , Cievet-Bonfils Maxime , Comtet Jean-Jacques , Gazarian Aram 
Published: December 2023

A retrospective study of 41 trapeziometacarpal prostheses showed that the implant survival rate decreased linearly over time with a critical period in the first years; ranging from 83% after 5 years to 50% after 30 years. Level of evidence: IV
Development and impact of a tailored eHealth resource on fibromyalgia patient’s self-management and self-efficacy: A mixed methods approach
Authors: O’Brien-Kelly Joanne , Moore David , O’Leary Ian , O’Connor Tom , Moore Zena , Patton Declan , Nugent Linda 
Published: December 2023

Aim To develop an eHealth resource to support fibromyalgia patients and explore it for usability and impact on their self-management and self-efficacy. Background Fibromyalgia is a complex, non-progressive chronic condition characterised by a bewildering array of symptoms for patients to self-manage. International guidelines recommend patients receive illness-specific information once diagnosed to promote self-management and improve health-related quality of life. Design A 3-phase mixed methods exploratory sequential design. Methods Qualitative interviews explored the information and self-management needs of fibromyalgia patients attending a large tertiary hospital in Dublin. Identified themes together with an extensive review of the literature of interventions proven to be impactful by patients with fibromyalgia were utilised in the design and development of the eHealth resource. The resource was tested for usability and impact using pre and post-intervention outcomes measures. Results Patient interviews highlighted a lack of easy accessible evidenced information to support self-management implicating the urgent need for a practical solution through development of a tailored eHealth resource. Six themes emerged for inclusion; illness knowledge, primary symptoms, treatment options, self-management strategies, practical support and reliable resources. Forty-five patients who tested the site for usability and impact demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in self-efficacy after 4 weeks access with a medium positive effect size. Patients with the most severe fibromyalgia impact scores pre-intervention demonstrated the most improvement after 4 weeks. Patients gave the resource a System Usability Score A rating, highly recommending it for fellow patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Conclusions The study demonstrated how the development of a novel eHealth resource positively impacted fibromyalgia patients’ self-efficacy to cope with this debilitating condition. Impact This study suggests that access to eHealth can positively impact patients self-efficacy, has the potential to be a template for eHealth development in other chronic conditions, supporting advanced nurse practitioners working in chronic disease management.
Selection of potential targets for stratifying congenital pulmonary airway malformation patients with molecular imaging: is MUC1 the one?
Authors: van Horik Cathy , Zuidweg Marius J.P. , Boerema-de Munck Anne , Buscop-van Kempen Marjon , Brosens Erwin , Vahrmeijer Alexander L. , von der Thüsen Jan H. , Wijnen René M.H. , Rottier Robbert J. , Tummers Willemieke S.F.J. , Schnater J. Marco 
Published: December 2023

Currently there is a global lack of consensus about the best treatment for asymptomatic congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) patients. The somatic KRAS mutations commonly found in adult lung cancer combined with mucinous proliferations are sometimes found in CPAM. For this risk of developing malignancy, 70% of paediatric surgeons perform a resection for asymptomatic CPAM. In order to stratify these patients into high- and low-risk groups for developing malignancy, a minimally invasive diagnostic method is needed, for example targeted molecular imaging. A prerequisite for this technique is a cell membrane bound target. The aim of this study was to review the literature to identify potential targets for molecular imaging in CPAM patients and perform a first step to validate these findings.A systematic search was conducted to identify possible targets in CPAM and adenocarcinomain situ(AIS) patients. The most interesting targets were evaluated with immunofluorescent staining in adjacent lung tissue, KRAS+CPAM tissue and KRAS–CPAM tissue.In 185 included studies, 143 possible targets were described, of which 20 targets were upregulated and membrane-bound. Six of them were also upregulated in lung AIS tissue (CEACAM5, E-cadherin, EGFR, ERBB2, ITGA2 and MUC1) and as such of possible interest. Validating studies showed that MUC1 is a potential interesting target.This study provides an extensive overview of all known potential targets in CPAM that might identify those patients at risk for malignancy and conducted the first step towards validation, identifying MUC1 as the most promising target.
Development of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) for intercity travel & rural/island areas: the case study of Greece
Authors: Papaioannou Georgios , Polydoropoulou Amalia , Tsirimpa Athena , Pagoni Ioanna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe specific features and requirements of island regions and rural areas make Mobility as a Service (MaaS) an attractive and evolving concept in the realm of Intercity/Rural/Island transportation. The primary goal of this research is to provide qualitative insights relative to the added value and development of MaaS for the previously mentioned transport services through a case study from Greece, a country with approximately 250 inhabited islands. In island settings, the primary societal motivation for MaaS is to enhance the accessibility of islands and improve individuals' access to multiple transport services. MaaS is found to have a strong potential to act as an enabler for more efficient transport and better accessibility to remote/island locations, acting in a complementary manner with currently applied “external” measures such as the Greek “Transport Equivalent”. To further assess the potential, development and impact of MaaS a focus group comprised by key-representatives from industry and academia stakeholders is created. The MaaS Ecosystem, as described by the experts, is comprised of the MaaS Provider, all the intercity/rural/island transport providers currently operating in the Greek market, MaaS Enabling entities (associations, regulators, investors, research institutions), the Integration Drivers and the customers. The issue of transport providers’ liability in case of disruptions and existing market regulations constitute, according to the results, an important challenge towards development of an Intercity MaaS, which needs to be addressed by legislative studies in a pan-European level. Most likely user groups for Intercity/Rural/Island MaaS are young people and digitally educated people, whilst less likely patronage groups are the elderly and “vulnerable” population groups. Relative to the external environment, high degree of fragmentation of the intercity transport industry combined by “autonomous” behavior of actors (“silo effect”) appears to be the greatest threat towards MaaS whilst anticipated capital investments in infrastructure and vehicles, which are foreseen in the proxime future, are the greatest opportunities.
Injectiondesign: web service of plate design with optimized stratified block randomization for modern GC/LC-MS-based sample preparation
Authors: Lu Miaoshan , Jiang Hengxuan , Wang Ruimin , An Shaowei , Wang Jiawei , Yu Changbin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Plate design is a necessary and time-consuming operation for GC/LC-MS-based sample preparation. The implementation of the inter-batch balancing algorithm and the intra-batch randomization algorithm can have a significant impact on the final results. For researchers without programming skills, a stable and efficient online service for plate design is necessary.

Results
Here we describe InjectionDesign, a free online plate design service focused on GC/LC-MS-based multi-omics experiment design. It offers the ability to separate the position design from the sequence design, making the output more compatible with the requirements of a modern mass spectrometer-based laboratory. In addition, it has implemented an optimized block randomization algorithm, which can be better applied to sample stratification with block randomization for an unbalanced distribution. It is easy to use, with built-in support for common instrument models and quick export to a worksheet.

Conclusions
InjectionDesign is an open-source project based on Java. Researchers can get the source code for the project from Github: https://github.com/CSi-Studio/InjectionDesign. A free web service is also provided: http://www.injection.design.
Consistent traffic noise impacts few fitness-related traits in a field cricket
Authors: Welsh Gabrielle T. , Anner Sophia C. , Westwood Mary L. , Rockwell Victoria , O’Toole Hannah , Holiday Megan , Tinghitella Robin M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Anthropogenic habitat change is occurring rapidly, and organisms can respond through within-generation responses that improve the match between their phenotype and the novel conditions they encounter. But, plastic responses can be adaptive or maladaptive and are most likely to be adaptive only when contemporary conditions reasonably mimic something experienced historically to which a response has already evolved. Noise pollution is a ubiquitous anthropogenic stressor that accompanies expanding urbanization. We tested whether the amplitude of traffic noise influences a suite of fitness-related traits (e.g. survival, life history, reproductive investment, immunity) and whether that depends on the life stage at which the noise is experienced (juvenile or adult). Our treatments mimic the conditions experienced by animals living in urban roadside environments with variable vehicle types, but continuous movement of traffic. We used the Pacific field cricket, an acoustically communicating insect that was previously shown to experience some negative behavioral and life history responses to very loud, variable traffic noise, as a model system.

Results
After exposing crickets to one of four traffic noise levels (silence, 50dBA, 60dBA, and 70dBA which are commonly experienced in their natural environment) during development, at adulthood, or both, we measured a comprehensive suite of fifteen fitness-related traits. We found that survival to adulthood was lower under some noise treatments than under silence, and that the number of live offspring hatched depended on the interaction between a female’s juvenile and adult exposure to traffic noise. Both of these suggest that our noise treatments were indeed a stressor. However, we found no evidence of negative or positive fitness effects of noise on the other thirteen measured traits.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that, in contrast to previous work with loud, variable traffic noise, when noise exposure is relatively constant, plasticity may be sufficient to buffer many negative fitness effects and/or animals may be able to habituate to these conditions, regardless of amplitude. Our work highlights the importance of understanding how the particular characteristics of noise experienced by animals influence their biological responses and provides insight into how commensal animals thrive in human-dominated habitats.
Spatiotemporal distribution and environmental influences of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Duan Qing , Tian Xueying , Pang Bo , Zhang Yuwei , Xiao Chuanhao , Yao Mingxiao , Ding Shujun , Zhang Xiaomei , Jiang Xiaolin , Kou Zengqiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease discovered in China in 2009. The purpose of this study was to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of SFTS and to identify its environmental influencing factors and potential high-risk areas in Shandong Province, China.

Methods
Data on the SFTS incidence from 2010 to 2021 were collected. Spatiotemporal scan statistics were used to identify the time and area of SFTS clustering. The maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to analyse environmental influences and predict high-risk areas.

Results
From 2010 to 2021, a total of 5705 cases of SFTS were reported in Shandong. The number of SFTS cases increased yearly, with a peak incidence from April to October each year. Spatiotemporal scan statistics showed the existence of one most likely cluster and two secondary likely clusters in Shandong. The most likely cluster was in the eastern region, from May to October 2021. The first secondary cluster was in the central region, from May to October 2021. The second secondary cluster was in the southeastern region, from May to September 2020. The MaxEnt model showed that the mean annual wind speed, NDVI, cattle density and annual cumulative precipitation were the key factors influencing the occurrence of SFTS. The predicted risk map showed that the area of high prevalence was 28,120 km2, accounting for 18.05% of the total area of the province.

Conclusions
The spatiotemporal distribution of SFTS was heterogeneous and influenced by multidimensional environmental factors. This should be considered as a basis for delineating SFTS risk areas and developing SFTS prevention and control measures.
Malnutrition and cerebral intraparenchymal damage in patients with thrombosis of dural sinuses and/or cerebral veins
Authors: Xiang Weiwei , Liang Yangyang , Chen Zhibo , Wang Hanmin , Guan Yangtai , Xie Dewei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds
Thrombosis of dural sinuses and/or cerebral veins (CVT) is an uncommon form of cerebrovascular disease. Malnutrition is common in patients with cerebrovascular disease, and early assessment of malnutrition and individualized nutritional treatment have been reported to improve functional outcomes of these patients. As for CVT patients, little is known about whether these patients would suffer from malnutrition. Also, the correlation between malnutrition and cerebral intraparenchymal damage (CID) in CVT patients was rarely studied.

Methods
Patients with CVT were retrospectively included in this observational study. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to investigate the effects of nutritional indexes on the risk of CID. Subsequently, we used the independent risk factors to construct the nomogram model, and the consistency index (C-index), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) to assess the reliability and applicability of the model.

Results
A total of 165 patients were included in the final analysis. Approximately 72.7% of CVT patients were regarded as malnourished by our malnutrition screening tools, and malnutrition is associated with an increased risk of CID. Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) (OR = 0.873; CI: 0.791, 0.963, p = 0.007) remained as an independent predictor for CID after adjustment for other risk factors. The nomogram model showed that PNI and gender have a great contribution to prediction. Besides, the nomogram model was consistent with the actual observations of CID risk (C-index = 0.65) and was of clinical significance.

Conclusions
We reported that malnutrition, as indicated by PNI, was associated with a higher incidence of CID in CVT patients. Also, we have constructed a nomogram for predicting the risk of CID in these patients.
Medical student perceptions of mental illness: a cross-sectional transnational study in two medical schools
Authors: Rees Annie , Cuthbert Callum , Shah Viraj , Rong Lim , Peh Daniel , Baptista Ana , Smith Susan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite shifting global attitudes, mental illness remains highly stigmatised amongst practicing doctors. This has wider implications on doctors’ training to care for patients with mental illness. There is need for exploration of the presence and mitigation of stigma in early medical education to prevent such attitudes propagating into clinical practice. Thus, this study explores whether stigmatising attitudes are detectable amongst medical students in London and Singapore and examines whether they are ameliorated by specific curricular and welfare features of formal medical education, utilising the Mental Illness Stigma Framework (MISF).

Methods
A mixed-methods approach was adopted. Medical students at Imperial College London (UK; n = 211) and Nanyang Technological University (Singapore; n = 141) completed a validated scale (the OMS-HC-15) to assess attitudes towards mental illness. Semi-structured interviews were conducted (Imperial: n = 12, NTU: n = 8) until theoretical saturation was reached. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and comparatively using SPSS and interview data subjected to inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Total OMS-HC-15 scores ranged from 19–51 for Imperial (n = 211) and 16–53 for NTU (n = 141). No significant differences in overall stigma scores were found between the two schools (p = 0.24), nor when comparing year groups within each school. Four themes were identified across interview data: student perceptions, impacts of medical school culture, university support, and curricular impacts on mental illness perceptions. Themes allowed identification of aspects of medical school that were well-received and warranted further emphasis by students, alongside areas for improvement.

Conclusion
Mental health stigma was identified in two medical schools, with differing cultures. Mean stigma scores obtained were comparable between both UK and Singaporean medical students. Nuanced differences were identified via subgroup analysis, and the MISF identified both shared and country-specific drivers for this stigma across the qualitative data. Actionable recommendations to mitigate this were hypothesised. Curricular improvements such as earlier psychiatric teaching and sharing of personal stories may improve future stigma scores as students’ progress through the course. Specific welfare-based changes to formal support systems were also deemed to be beneficial by students. The impacts of welfare and curricular redesign in relation to societal influence on students’ attitudes warrants further investigation, as does medical students’ self-stigma.
Nanotheranostic Trojan Horse for visualization and photo-immunotherapy of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection
Authors: Pang Xin , Xu Haohang , Geng Qishun , Han Yu , Zhang Huiya , Liu Heng , Zhang Xiao , Miao Mingsan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEffective diagnosis and therapy for bacterial infections, especially those caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) species, greatly challenge current antimicrobial stewardship. Monocytes, which can chemotactically migrate from the blood to infection site and elicit a robust infection infiltration, provide a golden opportunity for bacterial theranostics. Here, a nano-Trojan Horse was facilely engineered using mannose-functionalized manganese-eumelanin coordination nanoparticles (denoted as MP-MENP) for precise two-step localization and potent photothermal-immunotherapy of MDR bacterial infection. Taking advantage of the selective recognition between mannose and inflammation-associated monocytes, the MP-MENP could be passively piggybacked to infection site by circulating monocytes, and also actively target infiltrated monocytes that are already accumulated in infection microenvironment. Such dual-pronged targeting enabled an efficient imaging diagnosis of bacterial infection. Upon laser irradiation, the MP-MENP robustly produced local hyperemia to ablate bacteria, both extracellularly and intracellularly. Further combined with photothermal therapy-induced immunogenic cell death and MP-MENP-mediated macrophage reprogramming, the immunosuppressive infection microenvironment was significantly relieved, allowing an enhanced antibacterial immunity. Collectively, the proposed nanotheranostic Trojan Horse, which integrates dual-pronged targeting, precise imaging diagnosis, and high-performance photothermal immunotherapy, promises a new way for complete eradication of MDR bacterial infection.