bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of patients with biopsy positive and negative primary angiitis of the central nervous system
Authors: Nehme Ahmad , Arquizan Caroline , Régent Alexis , Isabel Clothilde , Dequatre Nelly , Guillon Benoît , Capron Jean , Detante Olivier , Lanthier Sylvain , Poppe Alexandre Y , Boulouis Grégoire , Godard Sophie , Terrier Benjamin , Pagnoux Christian , Aouba Achille , Touzé Emmanuel , de Boysson Hubert ,   the Cohort of Patients with PACNS Study Group, Ayrignac Xavier , Zéphir Hélène , Néel Antoine , Mekinian Arsène , Létourneau-Guillon Laurent , Derex Laurent , Gerfaud-Valentin Mathieu , Quénardelle Véronique , Kremer Laurent Daniel , Gollion Cédric , Weisenburger David , Vautier Matthieu , Machado Stéphanie , Maarouf Adil , Humbertjean Lisa , Vannier Stéphane , Denier Christian , Casolla Barbara , Bresch Saskia , Levraut Michael , Hosseini Hassan , Lambert Nicolas , Subreville Marie , Papo Thomas , Sibon Igor , Comarmond-Ortoli Chloé , Mazighi Mikael , Kerschen Philippe , Sablot Denis , Gaudron Marie , Audemard-Verger Alexandra , Closs-Prophette Fabienne , Papassin Jérémie , Daelman Laure , Zuber Mathieu , Obadia Michael , Pico Fernando , Cantagrel Paul , Graveleau Julie , Poncet-Megemont Louis , Ancel Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
There is limited evidence on when to obtain a central nervous system (CNS) biopsy in suspected primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS). Our objective was to identify which clinical and radiological characteristics were associated with a positive biopsy in PACNS.

Methods
From the multicentre retrospective Cohort of Patients with Primary Vasculitis of the CNS (COVAC), we included adults with PACNS based on a positive CNS biopsy or otherwise unexplained intracranial stenoses with additional findings supportive of vasculitis. Baseline findings were compared between patients with a positive and negative biopsy using logistic regression models.

Results
Two hundred patients with PACNS were included, among which a biopsy was obtained in 100 (50%) and was positive in 61 (31%). Patients with a positive biopsy were more frequently female (odds ratio [OR] 2.90; 95% CI: 1.25, 7.10; P = 0.01) and more often presented with seizures (OR 8.31; 95% CI: 2.77, 33.04; P &lt; 0.001) or cognitive impairment (OR 2.58; 95% CI: 1.11, 6.10; P = 0.03). On imaging, biopsy positive patients more often had non-ischaemic parenchymal or leptomeningeal gadolinium enhancement (OR 52.80; 95% CI: 15.72, 233.06; P &lt; 0.001) or ≥1 cerebral microbleed (OR 8.08; 95% CI: 3.03, 25.13; P &lt; 0.001), and less often had ≥1 acute brain infarct (OR 0.02; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.08; P &lt; 0.001). In the multivariable model, non-ischaemic parenchymal or leptomeningeal gadolinium enhancement (adjusted OR 8.27; 95% CI: 1.78, 38.46; P &lt; 0.01) and absence of ≥1 acute brain infarct (adjusted OR 0.13; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.65; P = 0.01) were significantly associated with a positive biopsy.

Conclusion
Baseline clinical and radiological characteristics differed between biopsy positive and negative PACNS. These results may help physicians individualize the decision to obtain a CNS biopsy in suspected PACNS.
Toward the Development of the Regulatory Framework of Legislative Drafting and Law-Making Process in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Rakan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The legislative drafting process has recently undergone dramatic changes in Saudi Arabia. This development was motivated by the country’s desire to create a more transparent, efficient, and effective legal system. Despite the advancements achieved in legislative drafting, there remain significant challenges that impede the quality of proposed legislation in the country. This article aims to contribute to the evolution of the regulatory framework governing the legislative drafting and law-making process. It embarks on a comprehensive examination of the existing legislative drafting mechanisms, highlighting the need for further improvement in the regulatory framework of legislative drafting to improve the efficiency and clarity of legislation. Furthermore, the article elucidates the complexities and challenges associated with drafting effective laws within the legal system and clarifies the pivotal function of manual drafting and regulatory impact assessments in augmenting the effectiveness and quality of enacted laws. This article concludes with various recommendations such as the need to launch a drafting manual and systematic approach to regulatory impact assessment which can strengthen the evidence base for the development and review of proposed and existing legislation. This article is expected to serve as a cornerstone for similar studies in other jurisdictions within the Middle East.
Autologous Airway Basal Cell Transplantation Alleviates Airway Epithelium Defect in Recurrent Benign Tracheal Stenosis
Authors: Ye Yong-Shun , Chen Di-Fei , Liu Ming , Luo Yu-Long , Chen Huan-Jie , Zeng Hai-Kang , Liu Jing-Wei , Zhu Yi-Ping , Song Xin-Yu , Lin Chang-Qin , Su Zhu-Quan , Li Shi-Yue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Airway epithelium defects are a hallmark of recurrent benign tracheal stenosis (RBTS). Reconstructing an intact airway epithelium is of great importance in airway homeostasis and epithelial wound healing and has great potential for treating tracheal stenosis.

Methods
An experimental study was conducted in canines to explore the therapeutic effect of autologous basal cell transplantation in restoring airway homeostasis. First, airway mucosae from human patients with recurrent tracheal stenosis were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Canines were then randomly divided into tracheal stenosis, Stent, Stent + Cells, and Stent + Cells + Biogel groups. Autologous airway basal cells of canines in the Stent + Cells and Stent + Cells + Biogel groups were transplanted onto the stenotic airway after modeling. A biogel was coated on the airway prior to basal cell transplantation in the Stent + Cells + Biogel group. After bronchoscopic treatments, canines were followed up for 16 weeks.

Results
Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated packed airway basal cells and an absence of normal airway epithelial cells in patients with RBTS. Autologous airway basal cell transplantation, together with biogel coating, was successfully performed in the canine model. Follow-up observation indicated that survival time in the Stent + Cells + Biogel group was significantly prolonged, with a higher (100%) survival rate compared with the other groups. In terms of pathological and bronchoscopic findings, canines that received autologous basal cell transplantation showed a reduction in granulation hyperplasia as well as airway re-epithelialization with functionally mature epithelial cells.

Conclusions
Autologous airway basal cell transplantation might serve as a novel regenerative therapy for airway re-epithelialization and inhibit recurrent granulation hyperplasia in benign tracheal stenosis.
TIAM2S‐positive microglia enhance inflammation and neurotoxicity through soluble ICAM‐1‐mediated immune priming
Authors: Chu Chun‐Hsien , Chen Jia‐Shing , Chan Ya‐Ling , Lu Wei‐Jen , Huang Yi‐Te , Mao Pin‐Cheng , Sze Chun‐I , Sun H. Sunny 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTIAM Rac1‐associated GEF 2 short form (TIAM2S) as an oncoprotein alters the immunity of peripheral immune cells to construct an inflammatory tumor microenvironment. However, its role in the activation of microglia, the primary innate immune cells of the brain, and neuroinflammation remains unknown. This study investigated the mechanism underlying TIAM2S shapes immune properties of microglia to facilitate neuron damage. Human microglial clone 3 cell line (HMC3) and human brain samples were applied to determine the presence of TIAM2S in microglia by western blots and double immunostaining. Furthermore, TIAM2S transgenic mice combined with multiple reconstituted primary neuron–glial culture systems and a cytokine array were performed to explore how TIAM2S shaped immune priming of microglia and participated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced neuron damage. TIAM2S protein was detectable in HMC3 cells and presented in a small portion (~11.1%) of microglia in human brains referred to as TIAM2S‐positive microglia. With the property of secreted soluble factor‐mediated immune priming, TIAM2S‐positive microglia enhanced LPS‐induced neuroinflammation and neural damage in vivo and in vitro. The gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments showed soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1) participated in neurotoxic immune priming of TIAM2S+ microglia. Together, this study demonstrated a novel TIAM2S‐positive microglia subpopulation enhances inflammation and neurotoxicity through sICAM‐1‐mediated immune priming.
RUNX1 promotes proliferation and migration in non‐small cell lung cancer cell lines via the mTOR pathway
Authors: Ma Huan , Jiang Siyu , Yuan Yinan , Li Ji , Li Yizhuo , Lv Yanping , Du Tengjiao , Guan Jingqian , Jiang Xizi , Tian Lei , Zheng Qianqian , Yang Lianhe , Li Qingchang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRUNX1, a member of the RUNX family of metazoan transcription factors, participates in the regulation of differentiation, proliferation, and other processes involved in growth and development. It also functions in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the role and mechanism of action of RUNX1 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not yet clear. We used a bioinformatics approach as well as in vitro and in vivo assays to evaluate the role of RUNX1 in NSCLC as the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects. Using the TCGA, GEO, GEPIA (Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis), and Kaplan–Meier databases, we screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and found that RUNX1 was highly expressed in lung cancer and was associated with a poor prognosis. Immunohistochemical staining based on tissue chips from 110 samples showed that the expression of RUNX1 in lung cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues and was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM staging. In vitro experiments, we found that RUNX1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration functions and affected downstream functional proteins by regulating the activity of the mTOR pathway, as confirmed by an analysis using the mTOR pathway inhibitor rapamycin. In addition, RUNX1 affected PD‐L1 expression via the mTOR pathway. These results indicate that RUNX1 is a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
Skill demand and labour market concentration: evidence from Italian vacancies
Authors: Colombo Emilio , Marcato Alberto 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe authors provide a novel interpretation of the relationship between skill demand and labour market concentration based on the training rationale.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a novel data set on Italian online job vacancies during 2013–2018 to analyse the relationship between labour market concentration and employers' skill demand. The authors construct measures of market concentration and skill intensity in the local labour market. The authors regress the measures of skill demand on market concentration, controlling for sector, occupations and other features of the labour market. The authors also use the Hausman–Nevo instrument for market concentration.FindingsThe authors show that employers in a highly concentrated labour market demand competencies associated with the ability of workers to learn faster (e.g. social skills) rather than actual knowledge. They also require less experience but higher education. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that employers in more concentrated labour markets are more prone to train their employees. Instead of looking for workers who already have job-specific skills, they look for workers who can acquire them faster and efficiently. The authors provide a theoretical framework within which to analyse these aspects as well as providing a test for the relevant hypotheses.Practical implicationsIn addition to cross-countries differences in labour market regulations, the authors' findings suggest that policy authorities should consider the local labour market structure when studying workforce development programmes aimed at bridging the skill gap of displaced workers. Moreover, the authors show that market concentration can have relevant implications for human resource (HR) managers by affecting their recruitment behaviour through the demand for skills. In fact, concentrated markets tend to favour firms' collusion and anti-competitive behaviour that could strongly affect HR management practices.Originality/valueThe authors' paper innovates on the literature in a number of ways. First, the authors provide evidence of local labour market concentration in Italy. Second, the authors provide evidence of skill demand at the local level using a detailed skill taxonomy that goes beyond the classical distinction between high and low skills. Third, and most importantly, the authors provide evidence of the relationship between skill demand and labour market concentration. By analysing detailed skills and competencies, the authors take one step beyond understanding the features of labour demand in monopsonistic markets.
Do (gendered) ageism and ethnic minorities explain workplace bullying?
Authors: Jaakson Krista , Dedova Mariya 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis study aims to answer two research questions: first, to what extent can workplace bullying be explained by ageism? And second, does the likelihood of workplace bullying increase when age interacts with gender and ethnic minority?Design/methodology/approachThe authors report results from a survey carried out in 11 organizations in Estonia (N = 1,614) using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (Einarsen et al., 2009).FindingsThe results show that ageism does not explain bullying in Estonia. As in some earlier studies, older age correlates negatively with negative acts, and women report less work-related bullying than men. These findings were unexpected because Estonia's post-socialist background and the highest gender wage gap in Europe suggested otherwise. However, there is gendered ageism in work-related bullying such that older women report more negative acts in their workplace. Respondents from ethnic minority groups do not experience more bullying in general, nor in combination with age. Surprisingly, managers reported both person- and work-related bullying more than employees with no subordinates.Originality/valueThe study contributes to intersectionality literature with a view to workplace bullying in post-socialist study context.
Chinese older adults' social media use: a study of WeChat from a social practice perspective
Authors: McKenna Brad , Cai Wenjie , Yoon Hyunsun 
Published: October 2023

PurposeResearch into older adults' use of social media remains limited. Driven by increasing digitalisation in China, the authors focus on Chinese older adults (aged 60–75)’ use of WeChat.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a qualitative interpretive approach and interviewed Chinese older adults to uncover their social practices of WeChat use in everyday life.FindingsBy using social practice theory (SPT), the paper unfolds Chinese older adults' social practices of WeChat use in everyday life and reveals how they adopt and resist the drastic changes in Chinese society.Originality/valueThe study contributes to new understandings of SPT from technology use by emphasising the dynamic characteristics of its three elements. The authors synthesise both adoptions and resistance in SPT and highlight the importance of understanding three elements interdependently within specific contexts, which are conditioned by structure and agency.
Principal systems thinking and senior management team effectiveness: the mediating role of senior management team learning
Authors: Nadav Nechama , Benoliel Pascale , Schechter Chen 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe role of leadership through senior management teams (SMT) has received increasing attention over the past several decades. Such leadership requires principals to play a key role in promoting SMT effectiveness. Therefore, according to the input–mediator–outcome model (Ilgen et al., 2005), this study's purpose is to investigate the mediating role of school SMT learning in the relationship between principal systems thinking (PST) and SMT effectiveness after accounting for students' socioeconomic backgrounds and SMT members' tenure.Design/methodology/approachA three-source survey design with self-reported and non-self-reported data was used, from a sample of 282 participants from 71 elementary schools in Israel. The sample included principals and SMTs. Data were aggregated at the school level of analysis.Findings The results from structural equation modeling and bootstrapping analysis indicated that SMT learning fully mediates the relationship between PST and SMT effectiveness, irrespective of the students' socioeconomic backgrounds.Originality/value This study provides important insights into the role of SMT learning as a mediator in the relationship between PST and SMT effectiveness. In addition, the study responds to the call of previous studies to examine the effects of PST on characteristics and outcomes at the group level. Moreover, the proposed integrative model highlights the importance of SMT learning and suggests new ways to encourage it.
PCK in place and with a purpose: a case of historic site-based professional development on hallowed ground at Gettysburg
Authors: Powell Dave 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to describe a professional development workshop designed to enhance teachers' pedagogical content knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe program draws on a carefully articulated definition of pedagogical knowledge as elaborated by Shulman, and features the work of scholars focused on pushing new interpretations of the meaning of Gettysburg, especially in polarized political times.FindingsTeacher participants have been found to draw new meaning from their visit that, for many, has had a profound impact on the way they make sense of Gettysburg as a historic site of political importance.Originality/valueThe program offers a model for professional development providers interested in enhancing the pedagogical content knowledge of teachers and engaging them in examination of the past for the purpose of re-examining contemporary political concerns.
Ultrasonographic findings in nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis: What differentiates this tumor from other soft tissue tumors?
Authors: Nakanishi Yukiko , Shinkuma Satoru , Mitsui Yasuhiro , Ogawa Kohei , Hirai Toshiko , Asada Hideo , Shobatake Chinatsu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis is a rare, benign hamartoma characterized by mature adipocyte proliferation in the dermis. It is frequently difficult to distinguish clinically from soft tissue tumors, including lipoma, neurofibroma, venous malformation, and angiolipoma. Notably, the classical form, which shows multiple and sometimes enlarged nodules, is difficult to differentiate from liposarcoma based on clinical examination, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Therefore, to ascertain the utility of ultrasonography in diagnosing nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis, sonographic examinations were performed on eight patients with nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis. All patients had ill‐defined hyperechoic masses in the dermis or from the dermis to the subcutis, and the posterior echoes were attenuated in seven patients. Color Doppler sonography revealed no blood flow to the lesions. Ultrasound images were created using the reflections of ultrasound waves at interfaces with different acoustic impedances. Therefore, it is assumed that, in nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis, the ultrasound beam is scattered by ectopic mature adipocytes intermingled with collagen bundles, which are shown as hyperechoic masses. Furthermore, the scattering of the ultrasound beam is thought to reduce tissue penetration, which may attenuate the posterior echo.
Factors associated with 30‐ and 90‐day mortality in intubations among critically ill patients
Authors: Li Yi , Lighthall Geoffrey 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundEmergency intubations are commonly associated with adverse events when performed in critically ill patients. A detailed look at intubation factors and their association with procedural success and mortality has yet to be fully conducted.MethodsA total of 299 successive intubations at a tertiary Veteran Affair hospital were analyzed. Situational factors, personnel involved, intubation indications, induction agents, and airway management techniques were prospectively collected and entered into univariable and multivariable analyses to identify factors associated with procedural difficulty and mortality.ResultsThe use of paralytics was associated with easier intubations (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.11–0.87, p = .03). The use of direct laryngoscopy or video laryngoscopy had no significant association with difficult intubation. Factors associated with increased 30‐day mortality were cardiac arrest (OR: 7.90, 95% CI: 2.77–22.50, p < .001), hypoxia as indication for intubation (OR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.23–4.35, p = .009), and nadir SpO2 < 90% (OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.01–7.21, p = .048). Presence of an attending anesthesiologist during intubation was associated with a lower 30‐day mortality (OR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.04–0.29, p < .001). Factors associated with increased 90‐day mortality were cardiac arrest (OR: 6.57, 95% CI: 2.23–19.34, p = .001), hypoxia as indication for intubation (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.10–3.55, p = .023), and older age (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.07–1.78, p = .013). Similarly, presence of an attending anesthesiologist was found to be associated with a lower 90‐day mortality (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.07–0.50, p = .001).ConclusionCardiovascular and respiratory instability were associated with increased 30‐ and 90‐day mortality. Presence of an attending anesthesiologist was associated with a better survival following intubation outside operating room.
Systematic review: What is the impact of triage implementation on clinical outcomes and process measures in low‐ and middle‐income country emergency departments?
Authors: Mitchell Rob , Fang Wendy , Tee Qiao Wen , O'Reilly Gerard , Romero Lorena , Mitchell Rebecca , Bornstein Sarah , Cameron Peter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionTriage is widely regarded as an essential function of emergency care (EC) systems, especially in resource‐limited settings. Through a systematic search and review of the literature, we investigated the effect of triage implementation on clinical outcomes and process measures in low‐ and middle‐income country (LMIC) emergency departments (EDs).MethodsStructured searches were conducted using MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Global Health. Eligible articles identified through screening and full‐text review underwent risk‐of‐bias assessment using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. The quality of evidence for each effect measure was summarized using GRADE.ResultsAmong 10,394 articles identified through the search strategy, 58 underwent full‐text review and 16 were included in the final synthesis. All utilized pre‐/postintervention methods and a majority were single center. Effect measures included mortality, waiting time, length of stay, admission rate, and patient satisfaction. Of these, ED mortality and time to clinician assessment were evaluated most frequently. The majority of studies using these outcomes identified a positive effect, namely a reduction in deaths and waiting time among patients presenting for EC. The quality of the evidence was moderate for these measures but low or very low for all other outcomes and process indicators.ConclusionsThere is moderate quality of evidence supporting an association between the introduction of triage and a reduction in deaths and waiting time. Although the available data support the value of triage in LMIC EDs, the risk of confounding and publication bias is significant. Future studies will benefit from more rigorous research methods.