bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-glacial tectonism and bluff erosion in northern Erie County, Pennsylvania, USA
Authors: Lang* Nicholas P. , Dolanc Christopher , Beasley-Watson Kennedy , Goodenow Katie , Harris Kiana , Jackson Albert , McCarthy Joseph , Nypaver Cole , Schwab Nicole , Wood Trevor 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
This one-day field trip will visit northern Erie County in northwestern Pennsylvania, USA, and is divided into two parts. The first part will highlight brittle and ductile deformation preserved in Upper Devonian bedrock. It is possible that this deformation occurred in relation to the Alleghenian orogeny during the late Paleozoic. However, some of this deformation displays possible evidence of postdating Wisconsin glaciation, but this interpretation is speculative and based largely on possible topographic disruption of Quaternary river terrace deposits. Morphologic characteristics of outcrops in creeks that expose these tectonic structures will be used as a starting point to discuss structure origin, timing, and their implications. The second part of the trip will visit Erie Bluffs State Park (EBSP) and will examine ongoing mass wasting of bluffs along the southern Lake Erie shoreline. The timing (as determined from dendrochronological analyses) and styles of mass wasting that have occurred at EBSP will be discussed and compared to two other locations along Pennsylvania’s Lake Erie shoreline. An appended road log serves as a geologic guide to the features and processes highlighted on this trip.
Supplemental Material: The missing ridge Enigma: A new model for the Tuamotu Plateau conjugate and Peruvian flat slab
Authors: Fletcher Michael , Wyman Derek 
Published: October 2023

<p>ZIP file containing an .mp4 animation and its constituent jpeg files: Tuamotu_Enigma_Nazca_Animation.zip. Animation starts at 55 Ma, when the western Tuamotu Plateau and its slightly longer conjugate have already formed, and proceeds to 0 Ma. File S2: ZIP file containing files for the GPlates Enigma Project to be opened in GPlates 2.X, which can be downloaded from https://www.earthbyte.org/category/gplates/. </p>
Development of a Novel Method for Activation of Isotope Exchange
Authors: Shevchenko V. P. , Nagaev I. Yu. , Shevchenko K. V. , Myasoedov N. F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The influence of various factors on the efficiency of introducing deuterium into 3-(N-pyrrolyl)-propanoyl-L-histidine and 3-(N-salicyl)-propanoyl-L-histidine was studied. Heavy water was used as a source of deuterium. It is shown that the content of deuterium atoms in the substance can be increased by pretreating the reaction mixture with deuterium gas. The new approach opens up additional possibilities both for obtaining high labeled pharmaceuticals by introducing hydrogen isotopes into organic compounds, and theoretically for a deeper understanding of the role in this process of activated deuterium or tritium particles solvated on the carrier and in the pool of matter.
The Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule with nuclear targets
Authors: Bass Steven D. , Pedroni Paolo , Thomas Andreas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHadron properties are modified when the hadron is embedded in a nuclear medium. Here we discuss the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn, GDH, sum rule for polarised photoproduction from a polarised nucleon within a polarised nuclear target. Strong enhancement is expected with the suppression of the proton and nucleon resonance masses and enhancement of the proton’s anomalous magnetic moment in medium. This could be tested in polarised photoproduction experiments with interesting targets being polarised deuterons, $$^3$$

3

He, $$^6$$

6

Li and $$^7$$

7

Li. The largest contribution to the GDH sum rule comes from the $$\Delta $$
Δ
resonance excitation. In existing data with polarised deuterons and $$^3$$

3

He the $$\Delta $$
Δ
excitation is shifted to slightly lower energy when compared to model predictions where the $$\Delta $$
Δ
is treated with its free mass.
Lycopene Alleviates the Adverse Effects of Feeding High-Lipid Diets to Hybrid Grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ×♂E. lanceolatus)
Authors: Zhou Menglong , Liu Hao , Lu Baiquan , Li Biao , Huang Weibin , Tan Beiping , Yang Yuanzhi , Dong Xiaohui , Zhang Haitao 
Published: October 2023

It has been found that high-lipid diets (HLDs) disrupt lipid metabolism in fish, leading to an excessive accumulation of lipids in various tissues of the fish body. The objective of this study was to investigate if the inclusion of lycopene (LCP) in an HLD may mitigate the adverse consequences of excessive dietary lipid intake in hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatus). The experimental design incorporated a control group (L0), which was administered a diet consisting of 42% protein and 16% lipid. The diets for groups L1, L2, and L3 were developed by augmenting the control diet with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg LCP, respectively. The duration of the trial spanned a period of 42 days. The results of the study showed that the weight gain rate (WGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of the three LCP treatment groups (L1, L2, and L3) tended to increase and then decrease, with a significant increase in WGR and PER in L2 (

P

<
0.05

). Visceral somatic index and hepatic somatic index tended to decrease and then increase in all treatment groups, with a significant decrease in L2 (

P

<
0.05

). In serum dietary LCP significantly reduced triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) content and significantly increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) content (

P

<
0.05

). In the liver, dietary LCP reduced TC, TG, and very LDL levels and improved lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, fatty acid (FA) synthetase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase activities. The number and area of hepatic lipid droplets decreased significantly with increasing LCP content. In the liver, the addition of appropriate levels of LCP significantly upregulated lipoprotein lipase (lpl) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (pparα). In summary, dietary LCP improves growth and reduces lipid deposition in the liver of hybrid grouper by increasing lipolytic metabolism and decreasing FA synthesis. Under the experimental conditions, the fitted curve analysis showed that the recommended LCP additions to the high lipid diet for juvenile hybrid grouper were 200–300 mg/kg.
Particulate Air Pollution and Blood Pressure: Signaling by the Arachidonate Metabolism
Authors: Wang Teng , Han Yiqun , Chen Xi , Chen Wu , Li Haonan , Wang Yanwen , Qiu Xinghua , Gong Jicheng , Li Weiju , Zhu Tong 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Short-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) can raise blood pressure, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We explored whether arachidonate metabolites serve as biological intermediates in PM-associated prohypertensive changes.

METHODS:

This panel study recruited 110 adults aged 50 to 65 years living in Beijing, China. The participants’ blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and cardiac and endothelial function were measured up to 7 times. The serum concentrations of arachidonate metabolites were quantified by targeted lipidomics. Ambient concentrations of fine PM (PM
2.5
), black carbon, and accumulation mode particles were continuously monitored at a station and their associations with the health indicators were evaluated.

RESULTS:

Interquartile range increases in 25 to 96-hour-lag exposure to PM
2.5
, black carbon, and accumulation mode particles were associated with significant increases in systolic blood pressure (brachial: 0.8–3.2 mm Hg; central: 0.7–2.8 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (brachial, 0.5–1.5 mm Hg; central, 0.5–1.6 mm Hg). At least 1 pollutant was associated with increases in augmentation pressure and heart rate and decreases in reactive hyperemia index and ejection time. The serum concentrations of arachidonate were significantly increased by 3.3% to 14.6% in association with PM exposure, which mediated 9% of the PM-associated increases in blood pressure. The levels of eicosanoids from the cytochrome P450, cyclooxygenase, and lipoxygenase pathways changed with PM exposure, and those from the cytochrome pathway significantly mediated the association between PM exposure and blood pressure.

CONCLUSIONS:
Short-term exposure to particulate air pollution was associated with a prohypertensive change in adults, which was in part mediated by alteration of arachidonate metabolism.
From California’s Extreme Drought to Major Flooding: Evaluating and Synthesizing Experimental Seasonal and Subseasonal Forecasts of Landfalling Atmospheric Rivers and Extreme Precipitation during Winter 2022/23
Authors: DeFlorio Michael J. , Sengupta Agniv , Castellano Christopher M. , Wang Jiabao , Zhang Zhenhai , Gershunov Alexander , Guirguis Kristen , Luna Niño Rosa , Clemesha Rachel E. S. , Pan Ming , Xiao Mu , Kawzenuk Brian , Gibson Peter B. , Scheftic William , Broxton Patrick D. , Switanek Matthew B. , Yuan Jing , Dettinger Michael D. , Hecht Chad W. , Cayan Daniel R. , Cornuelle Bruce D. , Miller Arthur J. , Kalansky Julie , Delle Monache Luca , Ralph F. Martin , Waliser Duane E. , Robertson Andrew W. , Zeng Xubin , DeWitt David G. , Jones Jeanine , Anderson Michael L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
California experienced a historic run of nine consecutive landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) in three weeks’ time during winter 2022/23. Following three years of drought from 2020 to 2022, intense landfalling ARs across California in December 2022–January 2023 were responsible for bringing reservoirs back to historical averages and producing damaging floods and debris flows. In recent years, the Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes and collaborating institutions have developed and routinely provided to end users peer-reviewed experimental seasonal (1–6 month lead time) and subseasonal (2–6 week lead time) prediction tools for western U.S. ARs, circulation regimes, and precipitation. Here, we evaluate the performance of experimental seasonal precipitation forecasts for winter 2022/23, along with experimental subseasonal AR activity and circulation forecasts during the December 2022 regime shift from dry conditions to persistent troughing and record AR-driven wetness over the western United States. Experimental seasonal precipitation forecasts were too dry across Southern California (likely due to their overreliance on La Niña), and the observed above-normal precipitation across Northern and Central California was underpredicted. However, experimental subseasonal forecasts skillfully captured the regime shift from dry to wet conditions in late December 2022 at 2–3 week lead time. During this time, an active MJO shift from phases 4 and 5 to 6 and 7 occurred, which historically tilts the odds toward increased AR activity over California. New experimental seasonal and subseasonal synthesis forecast products, designed to aggregate information across institutions and methods, are introduced in the context of this historic winter to provide situational awareness guidance to western U.S. water managers.
Global Snow Seasonality Regimes from Satellite Records of Snow Cover
Authors: Johnston Jeremy , Jacobs Jennifer M. , Cho Eunsang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Snow cover provides distinct seasonal controls on the exchange of energy between Earth’s surface and atmosphere, and on hydrologic cycling, and holds considerable importance to communities and ecosystems worldwide. In this work, we tackle a comprehensive review of existing snow classification approaches and the development of new globally applicable snow cover–based rules for delineating snow seasonality classes. Snow classification rules are defined using machine learning approaches, which are then applied to the 22-yr record of snow cover (2000–22) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on a 0.01° global grid. For the MODIS period of record, we find the global land surface can be effectively partitioned into five snow seasonality classes: no snow, ephemeral, transitional, seasonal, and perennial snow regimes which on average cover extents of approximately 76 (52% of global land areas), 19 (13%), 16 (11%), 18 (13%), and 16 million km2 (11%), respectively. Using the multidecadal dataset, we explore changes within snow regimes and find significant increases in the areal extent of no snow (approximately +70 000 km2 yr−1) as well as apparent losses in perennial (−3600 km2 yr−1) and seasonal snow regime coverage (−38 000 km2 yr−1). The resulting classification maps have strong agreement with in situ snow depth observations and present similar patterns to existing snow and climate classifications with notable discrepancies in cold arid regions. The framework’s ability to accurately capture variations in snow persistence, snow accumulation, and melt cycling is shown, providing a reference to the current state of global snow seasonality.

Significance Statement
Following a review of existing snow classification approaches, this study focuses on improving our understanding of snow-cover variability on Earth by using satellite-based observations of snow-covered area to derive a new snow classification. Satellite observations provide the best means of measuring snow cover at a global scale, helping to identify regions where its influence on energy, water, and climate is changing. The results are compared to existing climate and snow summaries, ground observations of snow depth, and include trends in snow cover over recent decades (2000–22). The resulting datasets are also made available to the broader scientific community.
Comparing Synoptic Conditions and Environmental Characteristics for Fronts with and without Prefrontal Convection Initiation and Heavy Rain over Coastal South China
Authors: Zeng Zhilin , Huang Lingdong , Schultz David M. , Garcia-Carreras Luis , Wang Donghai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To understand why convection initiation and heavy rain sometimes occur ahead of fronts over South China in the presummer rainy season but sometimes do not, a climatology of 137 fronts is constructed, in which 34% of the fronts exhibit no prefrontal convection initiation (NoPCI), 31% of the fronts exhibit prefrontal convection initiation (PCI), and 35% of the fronts exhibit prefrontal convection initiation and heavy rain (PCI+HR). An anticyclonically curved upper-level jet streak and midtropospheric QG forcing produce synoptic-scale descent for the prefrontal region in NoPCI events, whereas the right-entrance region of a straight upper-level jet streak and forcing for ascent dominate the prefrontal region in PCI and PCI+HR events. Whether prefrontal convection and heavy rain occur is also related to the character of low-level flows. NoPCI features anticyclonic southerly winds, with an environment having low dewpoint throughout the troposphere, unfavorable for convection initiation. However, synoptic circulation of PCI and PCI+HR events favors a broad prefrontal surface low, which determines the greater cyclonic character of airflows in PCI+HR events, in contrast with that of the PCI events. Convective available potential energy is useful in distinguishing NoPCI and PCI events, and the three events have statistically significant differences in precipitable water. Moreover, larger magnitudes of precipitable water and bulk wind shear in PCI+HR events are conducive for prefrontal convection to produce heavy rain compared to those of PCI events. These results indicate the importance of the upper-level forcing on the prefrontal convection initiation, and heavy rain is sensitive to the changes in prefrontal airflow and moisture.

Significance Statement
Convection and heavy rain sometimes occur a few hundred kilometers ahead of fronts in the warm air over South China in early summer. To understand atmospheric conditions favoring or inhibiting convection and heavy rain ahead of fronts, we examine 46 fronts without prefrontal convection, 43 fronts with prefrontal convection, and 48 fronts with prefrontal convection and heavy rain. These scenarios have similarities in environmental behaviors but different large-scale conditions that favor or inhibit ascent in the prefrontal area. Specifically, prefrontal heavy rain tends to occur in a very moist environment with a prefrontal surface low. These findings help researchers and operational forecasters better discriminate the subtle conditions that favor or inhibit prefrontal convection and heavy rain over South China.
Reexamining the Estimation of Tropical Cyclone Radius of Maximum Wind from Outer Size with an Extensive Synthetic Aperture Radar Dataset
Authors: Avenas Arthur , Mouche Alexis , Tandeo Pierre , Piolle Jean-Francois , Chavas Dan , Fablet Ronan , Knaff John , Chapron Bertrand 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The radius of maximum wind Rmax, an important parameter in tropical cyclone (TC) ocean surface wind structure, is currently resolved by only a few sensors so that, in most cases, it is estimated subjectively or via crude statistical models. Recently, a semiempirical model relying on an outer wind radius, intensity, and latitude was fit to best-track data. In this study we revise this semiempirical model and discuss its physical basis. While intensity and latitude are taken from best-track data, Rmax observations from high-resolution (3 km) spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and wind radii from an intercalibrated dataset of medium-resolution radiometers and scatterometers are considered to revise the model coefficients. The new version of the model is then applied to the period 2010–20 and yields Rmax reanalyses and trends that are more accurate than best-track data. SAR measurements corroborate that fundamental conservation principles constrain the radial wind structure on average, endorsing the physical basis of the model. Observations highlight that departures from the average conservation situation are mainly explained by wind profile shape variations, confirming the model’s physical basis, which further shows that radial inflow, boundary layer depth, and drag coefficient also play roles. Physical understanding will benefit from improved observations of the near-core region from accumulated SAR observations and future missions. In the meantime, the revised model offers an efficient tool to provide guidance on Rmax when a radiometer or scatterometer observation is available, for either operations or reanalysis purposes.
Disaggregating Health Official Statistics by Integrating Data From Multiple Sources
Authors: Erciulescu Andreea L. 
Published: October 2023

Disaggregated statistics help improve the description of the society. However, survey estimates are subject to larger uncertainty at finer levels than at higher levels, and often not even available at fine levels. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is considered the nation’s premier system collecting health data from individuals in the US using telephone surveys. Among the BRFSS official statistics, state-level estimates are available for two related health prevalence quantities: the prevalence of having a personal doctor and the prevalence of having health insurance coverage. No county-level BRFSS estimates are released for these quantities. In addition, county-level estimates for the prevalence of having health insurance coverage are also available from the US. Small Area Health Insurance Estimates (SAHIE) program. This article addresses the disaggregation of the state-level prevalence of having a personal doctor to the county level, by using the state-level relationship between the two BRFSS prevalence variables and the county-level bridge between the BRFSS and the SAHIE prevalence of having health insurance coverage. Using 2018 public-use data, county-level model estimates are produced for both prevalence variables and on both BRFSS and SAHIE scales, improving the usability of the BRFSS public-use data. AMS Subject Classification: 62D05, 62H10, 62J05, 62P99
Retinal changes in generalized anxiety disorder patients
Authors: Baykara Sema , Kazğan Aslı , Yıldırım Hakan , Tabara Muhammed Fatih , Kaşıkcı Halim Ömer , Danacı Keleş Denizhan 
Published: October 2023

Objective Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a method that allows high-resolution cross-sectional imaging of biological tissues. It was suggested that changes in the cranial structure or functions would be reflected in the retina. OCT has been an important method in the diagnosis and follow-up of diseases via morphometric or quantitative retinal measurements. Free radicals, inflammatory processes, and neurotransmission disorders play a role in the etiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The study aimed to demonstrate the retinal changes in GAD patients due to neurodegeneration based on the comparison of the OCT data of the GAD patients and controls, and the differences between OCT findings of GAD patients and those of controls. Methods The study group included 21 GAD patients. The control group included 21 individuals without any known psychiatric or organic disease, including eye diseases. Results There was a statistically significant difference between the macular volumes (MV) of the GAD and control groups, the macular volume was lower in the GAD group. There were positive correlations between BDI scores and MV, GCLT, RNFLT-i, RNFLT-n, between BAE scores and (RNFLT-n), and between the CGI severity scale scores and MV, RNFLT-n, and RNFLT-t. Conclusion OCT analysis of the GAD patients demonstrated that MV values were lower when compared to the control group. Patients with GAD should be screened for these retinal changes. OCT, a simple, non-invasive, and relatively inexpensive method could be employed as a supplementary method in the follow-up of GAD patients.
Comparison of Educational and Academic Quality of Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy Videos on WebSurg® and YouTube® Platforms
Authors: Dincer Hilmi Anil , Cennet Ömer , Dogrul Ahmet Bulent 
Published: October 2023

Background The aim of this study was to compare the educational and academic quality of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) videos on YouTube® and WebSurg® platforms. Material and Methods YouTube and WebSurg platforms were searched with the keyword “laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy”. According to the exclusion criteria, 12 videos were found on WebSurg. To ensure a 1:1 ratio, the first 12 videos that met the criteria on YouTube were also analyzed. Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria were used to evaluate the reliability of the videos. The non-educational quality of the videos was calculated using the Global Quality Score (GQS), the educational and academic quality of videos was calculated using Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy-specific score (LDP-SS) and Laparoscopic Surgery Video Educational Guidelines scoring system (LAP-VEGaS). Results The mean JAMA score was 1.58 on YouTube and 2.83 on WebSurg ( P < .001). The median GQS was 2 on YouTube and 5 on WebSurg ( P < .001). The median LAP-VEGaS score was 8 on YouTube and 14.5 on WebSurg ( P < .001). The median LDP-SS score was 6 on YouTube and 9.5 on WebSurg ( P = .001). According to the LAP-VEGaS, eleven (91.7%) of the WebSurg videos had a high score of 11 or more ( P = .04). According to Spearman correlation analysis, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between LDP-SS and JAMA, GQS and LAP-VEGaS ( r: .589, P = .002; r: .648, P = .001; r: .848, P < .001 respectively). Conclusions The WebSurg is superior to the YouTube in terms of educational and academic value, quality, accuracy, reliability and usability in scientific meetings for LDP videos.