bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of salinity and vegetation texture on the ecological roles of insects in tidal marshes in Louisiana
Authors: Aker Benjamin G. , Husseneder Claudia , Foil Lane D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTidal marsh insect communities are influenced by both salinity and aspects of vegetation texture (vegetation diversity, plant density, and architectural structure). These factors affect the abundances and intra‐ and interguild interactions of these insects and should result in broad‐scale variation in the distribution and ecological functioning of tidal marsh insect communities along these gradients. However, this assumption has not been tested within Gulf Coast marshes, and the insect communities and their ecological roles are not well known. This study identifies how family‐level insect biodiversity varies by salinity and which factors are most important in affecting the distribution of insect functional feeding groups within Louisiana's coastal marshes. Insect family diversity was found to decrease as salinity increased for several indices. Vegetation texture and the underlying salinity gradient were found to be important factors affecting the distribution of free‐living sucking, stem‐boring, parasitic, and filtering functional feeding groups.
Deep octopod habitat in the western North Atlantic characterized by Standard Ecological Classification from videos
Authors: Pratt Abigail , France Scott C. , Vecchione Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHabitat characterization is important to assess fully the niches of different organisms. There is a large knowledge gap regarding habitat use by deep‐sea benthic incirrate octopods, partly due to their assumed preference for hard‐to‐sample rocky substrata. This study uses observations from in situ videos recorded by remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) deployed from the NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer and implements the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) to describe the habitat of three common species of bathyal incirrate octopods living in the western North Atlantic Ocean: Bathypolypus bairdii (Verrill 1873), Graneledone verrucosa (Verrill 1881), and Muusoctopus johnsonianus (Allcock, Strugnell, Ruggiero, & Collins 2006). Significant differences in species' preferences for geoform setting, depth, and substrate type were found. All three species are most likely to be observed by ROV in a submarine canyon and least likely to be seen on a seamount. B. bairdii was found shallower than G. verrucosa and M. johnsonianus. This is the first study of its kind using CMECS to classify the habitat of specific organisms as opposed to the habitat types in a specific area.
Comparison of daily activity patterns across seasons using GPS telemetry and camera trap data for a widespread mammal
Authors: Wolfson David W. , Schlichting Peter E. , Boughton Raoul K. , Miller Ryan S. , VerCauteren Kurt C. , Lewis Jesse S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDaily activity patterns of animals can be dynamic across seasons in response to changing environmental conditions. Daily activity, though, has rarely been evaluated in relation to multiple factors (e.g., seasons, demographics, and data collection methods), which could be important for understanding what drives activity patterns. Here, we evaluated the daily activity patterns of a widespread invasive species, wild pigs (Sus scrofa), across two ecologically different study areas at Buck Island Ranch, FL, and Tejon Ranch, CA, from 2015 to 2018. Using GPS telemetry data (62 individuals in FL, 21 individuals in CA) and detections from grids of systematically placed motion‐activated cameras (44 cameras in FL, 48 cameras in CA), we compared activity patterns among seasons, sexes, and data collection methods (GPS and camera traps). Overall, wild pigs were mostly active during crepuscular and nocturnal periods, with their lowest activity during diurnal periods; however, activity patterns varied due to several factors. Daily activity patterns were similar between methods, among seasons, and between sexes in the subtropical climate of Florida. In contrast, daily activity patterns exhibited greater differences between methods and among seasons in California, where seasonal differences in temperature and precipitation were more pronounced. Overall, daily activity patterns estimated using GPS telemetry and camera‐based methods not only exhibited a high degree of overlap in several comparisons but also exhibited marked differences that should be recognized. Given the increasing evaluation of daily activity patterns of animals using multiple types of datasets, our study provides ecologists with valuable information to consider when designing ecological studies, interpreting their results, and comparing research across systems and studies.
Obesity, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and the role of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists
Authors: Cimino Giuliana , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Lombardi Carlo M. , Pagnesi Matteo , Vizzardi Enrico , Tomasoni Daniela , Adamo Marianna , Metra Marco , Inciardi Riccardo M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has a high prevalence, affecting more than 50% of patients with heart failure. HFpEF is associated with multiple comorbidities, and obesity is one of the most common. A distinct phenotype has been proposed for obese patients with HFpEF. Recent data show the beneficial role of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) for weight loss in diabetic and non‐diabetic patients with obesity or overweight when given as adjunctive therapy to diet and exercise. The mechanisms of action are related to paracrine and endocrine signalling pathways within the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and central nervous system that delay gastric emptying, decrease appetite, augment pancreatic beta‐cell insulin secretion, and suppress pancreatic glucagon release. These drugs are therefore potentially indicated for treatment of patients with HFpEF and obesity or overweight. Efficacy and safety need to be shown by clinical trials with a first one, Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (STEP HFpEF), recently concluded. The aim of the present review is to provide the pathophysiological and pharmacological rationale for GLP‐1 RA administration to obese patients with HFpEF.
Correlates of malnutrition in patients with heart failure: the role of social support
Authors: Sharifi Mohammad Hossein , Afshari Maryam , Vardanjani Hossein Molavi , Nikmanesh Amirreza , Nikoo Mohammad Hossein 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) is a major public health challenge. Malnutrition has a significant effect on HF prognosis. Understanding the impact of social and clinical factors on the risk of malnutrition is necessary because it may aid in improving the health status of HF patients.Methods and resultsThree hundred twenty patients with HF who were hospitalized in a heart centre in Shiraz, Iran, from March to November 2022 were studied. Two validated questionnaires were used to evaluate malnutrition and social support: (1) Mini‐Nutritional Assessment Short Form and (2) Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. The participants were then divided into three groups: those with normal nutritional status (scores 12–14), those at risk of malnutrition (scores 7–11), and those who were malnourished (scores 0–6). The potential correlates of malnutrition (including socio‐demographic, clinical, comorbidities, and laboratory factors) were included in the study. Then, ordinal logistic regression was used to investigate the correlates of malnutrition. The mean age of the participants was 64.2 ± 11.2 years, and more than half were male and married. Normal nutritional status was seen in 110 (34.4%) participants, 151 (47.2%) were at risk of malnutrition, and 58 (18.1%) were malnourished. The mean social support score of the participants was 61.65 ± 12.91. According to the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) obtained from multivariate analysis, increased risk of malnutrition was associated with having a lower social support score [0.95 (0.93–0.97), P‐value ≤ 0.001], lower body mass index [0.91 (0.86–0.97), P‐value = 0.004], higher New York Heart Association classification [1.26 (1.02–1.56), P‐value = 0.03], longer duration of disease [1.006 (1.001–1.01), P‐value = 0.006], and lower serum albumin level [0.25 (0.08–0.75), P‐value = 0.01].ConclusionsBesides the clinical conditions affecting the risk of malnutrition in patients with HF, social support may play an important role. Including this factor in HF guidelines and developing educational programmes may help improve HF patients' health.
Nucleophilic Addition of Bulky Aryl Substituents to Pentacene‐6,13‐quinone
Authors: Schöntag Johannes , Ströbele Markus , Schubert Hartmut , Bettinger Holger F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe investigate the introduction of bulky aryl substituents of the biphenyl, terphenyl, and quaterphenyl type at the 6,13 and 5,7,12,14 positions of the pentacene scaffold by reaction of the corresponding quinones with lithium organic reagents. The 1,1′‐biphenyl‐2‐yl substituent could be installed at the 5,7,12,14‐positions and regioselectively either at 6,13 or at the 5,13 positions. The unsymmetrical substitution motif results from concomitant 1,2 and 1,4‐addition to 6,13‐pentacenequinone. A one‐pot protocol leads to isomeric symmetric 6,13‐disubstituted pentacenes and allows installation of two 5′‐phenyl‐[1,1′:3′,1′′‐terphenyl]‐2‐yl substituents. The four new pentacenes differ in crystal packing and photochemical stability.
Hypocrisy judgements are affected by target attitude strength and attitude moralization
Authors: Vaughan‐Johnston Thomas Ian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearchers and philosophers have debated what leads people to judge others as being hypocritical. Some research has shown that perceivers consider targets to be more hypocritical when those targets contradict attitudes that are strongly (e.g., moralized and/or certain) rather than weakly held by the target. In the present work, I attempt to advance this research in several respects. First, I integrate these findings with research on the dimensions of attitude strength (i.e., commitment, embeddedness) to provide a more structured analysis of these claims. I show that characterizing a target's views as embedded and committed has many of the same hypocrisy‐related effects as labelling those views as moral, and affect (negative) evaluations of targets through similar mechanisms. However, in Experiment 3, I show that moral attitudes are, nonetheless, perceived as distinct from classic strength dimensions in one crucial respect: the presumption that the target would impose them on other people. Furthermore, whereas judgements of hypocrisy relating to embedded/committed attitudes can be mitigated when perceivers engage in situational attribution, perceivers rendering judgements of hypocrisy relating to moral attitudes resist situational counter‐explanations.
A recurrent deep neural network for predicting the state of health of lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Al‐Shamma'a Abdullrahman A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBattery State of Health (SoH) estimation is a critical task in the field of battery management, as it provides information about remaining capacity and health of a battery. Various machine learning algorithms, including neural networks, decision trees, support vector machines, and random forests, have been utilized for battery SoH estimation. These models can be trained using different features, such as voltage, current, temperature, impedance, and their combinations. However, the diversity of data is a decisive factor that affects precision of battery SoH estimation using machine learning. In this research, the application of feedforward neural networks (FNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is explored for the purpose of accurately estimating the SoH of batteries. These approaches are chosen due to the inherent benefits of FNNs and RNNs in capturing the long‐term dependencies present in sequential data. The battery SoH estimations are evaluated using the single and multichannel input: voltage, current, voltage‐current, voltage‐temperature, and voltage‐current‐temperature. The experimental findings reveal that the proposed RNN model, specifically the RNN with 20 neurons (RNN20) variant, exhibits an enhanced accuracy in predicting the SoH of batteries. For instance, when utilizing voltage and current as inputs, the RNN20 model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.010157 for voltage and 0.010367 for current, outperforming the FNN with 10 neurons (FNN10) model, which yielded an MAE of 0.031635 and 0.065 for voltage and current, respectively. Furthermore, when employing diverse input combinations such as voltage‐current, voltage‐temperature, and voltage‐current‐temperature, the RNN20 model consistently outperformed its counterparts, exhibiting the lowest mean squared error and mean absolute percentage error across all metrics. These results underscore the RNN20 model's robustness and aptitude in accurately predicting battery SoH, affirming the merits of employing RNNs in battery management systems.
Host and microbial characteristics associated with recurrent prosthetic joint infections
Authors: Hampton Jessica P. , Zhou Joanne Y. , Kameni Floriane Ngako , Espiritu Joseph Raymund , Manasherob Robert , Cheung Emilie , Miller Matthew D. , Huddleston James I. , Maloney William J. , Goodman Stuart B. , Amanatullah Derek F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractApproximately 20% of patients after resection arthroplasty and antibiotic spacer placement for prosthetic joint infection develop repeat infections, requiring an additional antibiotic spacer before definitive reimplantation. The host and bacterial characteristics associated with the development of recurrent infection is poorly understood. A case‐control study was conducted for 106 patients with intention to treat by two‐stage revision arthroplasty for prosthetic joint infection at a single institution between 2009 and 2020. Infection was defined according to the 2018 Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria. Thirty‐nine cases (“recurrent‐periprosthetic joint infection [PJI]”) received at least two antibiotic spacers before clinical resolution of their infection, and 67 controls (“single‐PJI”) received a single antibiotic cement spacer before infection‐free prosthesis reimplantation. Patient demographics, McPherson host grade, and culture results including antibiotic susceptibilities were compared. Fifty‐two (78%) single‐PJI and 32 (82%) recurrent‐PJI patients had positive intraoperative cultures at the time of their initial spacer procedure. The odds of polymicrobial infections were 11‐fold higher among recurrent‐PJI patients, and the odds of significant systemic compromise (McPherson host‐grade C) were more than double. Recurrent‐PJI patients were significantly more likely to harbor Staphylococcus aureus. We found no differences between cases and controls in pathogen resistance to the six most tested antibiotics. Among recurrent‐PJI patients, erythromycin‐resistant infections were more prevalent at the final than initial spacer, despite no erythromycin exposure. Our findings suggest that McPherson host grade, polymicrobial infection, and S. aureus infection are key indicators of secondary or persistent joint infection following resection arthroplasty and antibiotic spacer placement, while bacterial resistance does not predict infection‐related arthroplasty failure.
BDH1‐mediated LRRC31 regulation dependent on histone lysine β‐hydroxybutyrylation to promote lung adenocarcinoma progression
Authors: Huang Jingjing , Liang Lu , Jiang Shiyao , Liu Yueying , He Hua , Sun Xiaoyan , Li Yi , Xie Li , Tao Yongguang , Cong Li , Jiang Yiqun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common form of lung cancer, with a consistently low 5‐year survival rate. Therefore, we aim to identify key genes involved in LUAD progression to pave the way for targeted therapies in the future. BDH1 plays a critical role in the conversion between acetoacetate and β‐hydroxybutyrate. The presence of β‐hydroxybutyrate is essential for initiating lysine β‐hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) modifications. Histone Kbhb at the H3K9 site is attributed to transcriptional activation. We unveiled that β‐hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) is not only conspicuously overexpressed in LUAD, but it also modulates the overall intracellular Kbhb modification levels. The RNA sequencing analysis revealed leucine‐rich repeat‐containing protein 31 (LRRC31) as a downstream target gene regulated by BDH1. Ecologically expressed BDH1 hinders the accumulation of H3K9bhb in the transcription start site of LRRC31, consequently repressing the transcriptional expression of LRRC31. Furthermore, we identified potential BDH1 inhibitors, namely pimozide and crizotinib, which exhibit a synergistic inhibitory effect on the proliferation of LUAD cells exhibiting high expression of BDH1. In summary, this study elucidates the molecular mechanism by which BDH1 mediates LUAD progression through the H3K9bhb/LRRC31 axis and proposes a therapeutic strategy targeting BDH1‐high‐expressing LUAD, providing a fresh perspective for LUAD treatment.
Germline mutations in pediatric cancer cohort with mixed‐ancestry Mexicans
Authors: Alonso‐Luna Oscar , Mercado‐Celis Gabriela E. , Melendez‐Zajgla Jorge , Barquera Rodrigo , Zapata‐Tarres Marta , Juárez‐Villegas Luis Enrique , Mendoza‐Caamal Elvia Cristina , Rey‐Helo Elianeth , Borges‐Yañez Socorro Aida 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer is one of the primary causes of disease‐related death in 5‐ to 14‐year‐old children and currently no prevention strategies exist to reduce the incidence of this disease. Childhood cancer has a larger hereditary component compared with cancer in adults. Few genetic studies have been conducted on children with cancer. Additionally, Latin American populations are underrepresented in genomic studies compared with other populations. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze germline mutations in a group of mixed‐ancestry Mexican pediatric patients with solid and hematological cancers.MethodsWe analyzed genetic variants from 40 Mexican childhood cancer patients and their relatives. DNA from saliva or blood samples was used for whole‐exome sequencing. All variants were identified following GATK best practices.ResultsWe found that six patients (15%) were carriers of germline mutations in CDKN2A, CHEK2, DICER1, FANCA, MSH6, MUTYH, NF1, and SBDS cancer predisposition genes, and additional new variants predicted to be deleterious by in silico algorithms. A population genetics analysis detected five components consistent with the demographic models assumed for modern mixed‐ancestry Mexicans.ConclusionsThis report identifies potential genetic risk factors and provides a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of childhood cancer in this population.
Towards the saving potentials using a hybrid topology optimization: Application of a coupled deterministic and empirical approach solving a geotechnical optimization problem
Authors: Hadjiloo Elnaz , Knutz Stefanie , Grabe Jürgen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article presents the application of the TOSS (topology optimization for stiffness and strength) algorithm, a hybrid optimization strategy for topology optimization, used for the design of a strip foundation as a basic geotechnical structure. One of the challenges of this field is to improve structural performance by using less material than conventional structures. Therefore, the SIMP (solid isotropic material with penalization) is applied to optimize the foundation concerning its deformational behavior. The downstream SKO (soft kill option) then solves for optimality concerning the foundation's stress distribution. Numerical experiments with the TOSS algorithm reveal great potential for material savings. The coupled solution presents the benefit of reducing emissions due to material savings of more than 20% in comparison to the individual SIMP and SKO algorithms. A positive by‐product of the method is that stress peaks under the foundation are reduced due to the homogenization of stresses as a result of SKO optimization, thus creating the conditions for better durability of the foundation.
Drinking water contaminant concentrations and birth outcomes
Authors: DiSalvo Richard W. , Hill Elaine L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrevious research in the U.S. has found negative health effects of contamination when it triggers regulatory violations. An important question is whether levels of contamination that do not trigger a health‐based violation impact health. We study the impact of drinking water contamination in community water systems on birth outcomes using drinking water sampling results data in Pennsylvania. We focus on the effects of water contamination for births not exposed to regulatory violations. Our most rigorous specification employs mother fixed effects and finds changing from the 10th to the 90th percentile of water contamination (among births not exposed to regulatory violations) increases low birth weight by 12% and preterm birth by 17%.
Polymer/mold interfacial heat transfer during injection molding
Authors: Nathan D. Kamala , Prabhu K. Narayan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn experimental injection molding setup was designed and fabricated. The purpose of the setup is to cast polymer components and estimate the polymer/mold interfacial heat flux transients during injection molding. The mold plate is instrumented with K‐type thermocouples to record its thermal history continuously during the cyclic process. Experiments were performed at a melt injection temperature of 280°C. Velocity and shear rate profiles were determined to assess the flow behavior of the melt. The spatiotemporal heat flux transients at the interface and the mold surface temperature were estimated using measured temperature data inside the mold as input to an inverse heat conduction problem. The estimated boundary heat flux transients were used to numerically simulate the polymer melt's cooling behavior. From the estimated heat flux and surface temperatures, heat transfer coefficients (HTC) were determined. The peak value of the HTC was 5775 W/m2K and occurred at a mold surface temperature of 35.7°C and polymer surface temperature of 47.4°C. The evolution of the air gap at the interface was quantified using an exponential fit. The estimated air gap width corresponding to peak HTC was about 4 μm and increased to about 100 μm towards the end of the solidification. While the peak heat flux is associated with the start of the formation of polymer skin on the mold surface, the peak HTC corresponds to the onset of nucleation of the air gap or a nonconforming contact.Highlights
An experimental setup to study heat transfer during injection molding.
Spatiotemporal heat flux transients (q) were estimated during injection molding.
Polymer temperatures were simulated using q, and HTC was determined.
The peak HTC indicated the onset of nucleation of an air gap.
Evolution of air gap at the interface was modeled using an exponential fit.