bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiometabolic profiles in adolescents in the Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study cohort
Authors: Lefebvre L , Roda C , Grunemwald T , Hamrene K , Momas I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is known as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes but its definition is not yet consensual for teenagers. Thus, we aimed to identify cardiometabolic health profiles in adolescents from the PARIS birth cohort.

Methods
At 15/16 years old, PARIS participants underwent a health check-up including a blood test, handgrip strength measure, self-administered and parent-filled questionnaires. Cardiometabolic profiles, in the whole population and by gender, were identified by K-means partitioning. A MetS risk score was also calculated. Characteristics of cardiometabolic profiles were compared using Chi2/Fisher exact test or Student's t-test.

Results
This study included 529 adolescents (49% females) with a mean BMI of 20.2±3.2 kg/m2. MetS prevalence ranged from 0.2% to 1.3%. Two profiles were identified in the whole population and by gender: ‘healthy’ (67.1%) and ‘cardiometabolic risk’ (32.9%) profiles. The main predictive factors of profiles were weight and either waist-to-height ratio or waist circumference (R2&gt;87%). Compared to “healthy” profiles, adolescents from ‘cardiometabolic risk’ lived more with obesity and pre-hypertension, had most frequently waist-to-height ratio over 0.5 and hypertriglyceridemia (unobserved in females). They also had higher cardiometabolic risk score and their parents were more often overweight. They had higher birth weight, earlier rebound age and puberty, and lower relative handgrip strength.

Conclusions
The identified cardiometabolic profiles were linked to early signals and handgrip strength, a marker of overall health, emphasizing the importance of early monitoring. The waist-to-height ratio appears to be easy to use and a useful clinical tool for screening adolescents at risk of cardiometabolic pathologies, and thus requiring a clinical follow-up.

Key messages
• We innovatively classified adolescents based on their cardiometabolic health into two groups, with one group potentially requiring monitoring to prevent adult health issues.
• The waist-to-height ratio is a simple clinical tool usable for screening adolescents at cardiometabolic risk.
Palliative care for children - problems and attitudes of nurses and midwives
Authors: Dilova P , Aleksandrova-Yankulovska S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The palliative care model is focused on quality of life, and within this model, curative and comfort-enhancing interventions may exist. Advances in medical technology are saving the lives of very low birth weight newborns and critically ill babies in neonatal intensive care units. Babies born with life-limiting conditions or who develop life-limiting conditions during hospitalization may receive palliative care. Bulgaria still lacks an established medical standard for palliative care. Palliative care for children in a terminal condition is provided in a medical facility for hospital care, in a center for complex services for children with disabilities and chronic diseases, as well as in the child's home. The aim of this research project is to ascertain the attitudes and problems in providing palliative care for children.

Methods
A qualitative focus group study involving two focus groups: one of nurses (8) and one of midwives (4) were conducted in March 2023. Nurses are working in children's medical and social care unit, midwives are from neonatal intensive care unit. The data were transcribed and coded using data analysis programe NVivo 12.

Results
At this moment we have first preliminary results for problems and attitudes. Through qualitative analysis five common themes were identified: Parents find it difficult to accept the truth and often end the relationship with the child after his placement in a social or medical facility; staff is insufficient; lack of regulation; no specialized training in palliative care; need for specialized pediatric hospices.

Conclusions
Adaptation of the regulatory framework to European and world standards alone is not enough. Children in need of palliative care are of different ages and different illnesses. The lack of sufficiently qualified personnel limits the possibilities of providing quality care.

Key messages
• The implementation of quality palliative care for children with various problems can only be done by sufficient and well-prepared personnel.
• Nurses and midwives admit that their training in palliative care is insufficient.
Professional stress and educational training in nursing homes during Covid 19 pandemic in Zagreb
Authors: Puljak A , Kolarić B , Rusac S , Štajduhar D , Miloš M , Arnaut K , Sajko D , Marić Bajs M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Nursing in nursing homes is considered to be one of the most stressful professions. Additional problems during the Covid 19 pandemic were working in long shifts with highly infectious patients, high mortality, insufficient education and shortage of stuff, work under epidemiological measures. Such situation can be extra stressful and affect nurses health.

Objectives
During 2020-2022 we did quantitative and qualitative study on sources of work stress and professional burnout. Also we did educational training for nurses. The aim of the research and interventions is acquiring skills to cope with stress, communication skills with different personalities through specific workshops and intervision/ supervision work with nurses implementing by experts: a public health specialist, an epidemiologist, a psychiatrist, a social worker and a nurse. The long-term goals are the protection of nurses health and improvement of care for users.

Results
Quantitative research was conducted on 135 nurses by validated questionnaires in 12 nursing homes in Zagreb. It was found examined sources of stress are directly related to burnout and also a high degree of emotional exhaustion (62,3%). Basic groups of stress sources were lack of superiors suport, communications problems, excessive work load, unrealistic expectations. High degree of professional burnout was 6%. Also basic topics of a qualitative research were defined. Workshops on coping with stress and communication skills, intervision methodology and supervision interventions were held for representatives of nurses from all nursing homes. Interested nurses attended an 8-week mindfulness course.

Conclusions
Through research and implementation of the intervention it has been shown that there is a great need for interventions in protecting health of staff in nursing homes in crisis situations.

Key messages
• Employees who provide health and social care need continuous support in the protection of their mental health, as well as additional support interventions in crisis situations.
• Preserving the health of health and social workers improves the quality of care within the health and social system.
Does mindfulness-based wellbeing training increase self-reported and perceived health among teachers?
Authors: Keijonen E , Volanen S-M , Vahlberg T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Teachers are reporting increased stress, burnout, and workload at schools. Previous studies have shown that mindfulness-based (MF-based) programs are potential interventions to decrease stress and improve wellbeing among teachers. The aim of this Healthy Learning Mind -teacher study was to investigate the effects of a MF-based wellbeing training on several dimensions of wellbeing among teachers in Finnish comprehensive schools.

Methods
We developed a MF-based wellbeing training tailored for teachers (8 weeks) and organized the training by three teaching methods: 1) contact teaching; 2) online teaching and 3) combination of both contact and online teaching. Outcome variables are: wellbeing (The Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale), work ability (Work Ability Index) and perceived stress (Single Item Measure of Stress). A total of 50 teachers answered to both baseline and follow-up questionnaires. Additionally perceived health benefits were reported.

Results
MF-based wellbeing training showed beneficial effects on teachers’ perceived health: better ability to calm down, relax, regulate emotions and to manage difficult situations as well as better tools for stress management in classrooms. Additionally teachers reported that their own mindfulness practice had a beneficial effect on students’ calmness, attention and kindness as well as on interaction with students. Analysed results on outcome variables will be presented at the conference.

Conclusions
First results suggest that MF-based wellbeing training has several perceived health benefits among teachers in strengthening teachers’ ability to regulate emotions and decrease stress and to adopt tools for solving challenging situations with students. Furthermore, teachers reported that their own mindfulness practice had a favorable effect on students’ wellbeing and social-emotional competence. Enhancing teachers’ wellbeing is beneficial for both teachers themselves and for students.

Key messages
• MF-based wellbeing training can be seen as a potential intervention to decrease perceived stress and increase perceived health benefits among teachers and to support teachers in their profession.
• More research is needed to understand how teachers’ own mindfulness practice affects wellbeing among students and interaction in classrooms.
Suicide prevention-a public health priority in the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Stimac Grbic D , Pavic Simetin I , Muslic L , Music Milanovic S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Issue/Problem
Croatia records higher death rates from suicides than the average rate for EU member states. In 2019, the suicide rate in Croatia was 11.3/100,000 inhabitants, while in 2021 it was 15.1/100,000 inhabitants, with increase among 15-19 age group. The ratio of male to female suicides ranged from 2.2 to 3.85:1.

Description of the problem
To reduce the suicide rate, the Croatian Institute of Public Health implements a program to increase mental health literacy and education about interventions in crisis situations among educational staff of primary and secondary schools in Croatia. As part of regular systematic examinations of school children, it is carried out from 2022/2023. academic year screening program for mental health risks.

Results
As part of the program to increase education for early recognition of mental health risks, 2,350 educational workers have completed the basic level of education so far, and 478 educational workers have completed advanced education. It is estimated that 70,000 students have benefited from the program so far, of which those who have a mental health problem (estimated at 14,000) have a greater chance of being recognized within the school. The YP-CORE questionnaire is used to assess mental health risks in the Screening for Mental Health Risks program as part of systematic examinations in school medicine. So far 18,498 students have filled out the questionnaire. A total of 9.52% were positive, of which 6.10% were boys and 13% were girls. All students at risk received adequate care in the school medical clinics, or were referred for psychological or psychiatric treatment, depending on the degree of risk.

Lessons
Early detection of the risk for the development of depression and other mental disorders, along with timely therapy, is crucial in the prevention of suicide, along with the empowerment and strengthening of social-emotional skills.

Key messages
• Early detection of the risk for the development of depression and other mental disorders, along with timely therapy, is crucial in the prevention of suicide.
• Increasing of mental health literacy is important for early recognition of mental health risks.
Digital media exposure and impulsivity in European adolescents – the I.Family study
Authors: Sina E , Buck C , Ahrens W , Coumans J , Eiben G , Formisano A , Lissner L , Mazur A , Michels N , Molnar D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Emotion-driven impulsiveness (i.e., impulsivity) is associated with obesity in adolescents. Yet, how exposure to digital media (DM) is related to impulsivity in free-living European youth remains unknown.

Methods
This study included ADHD-free adolescents aged 12-18 years, who participated in the third examination wave of the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort (2013-2014), and who provided information on their impulsivity. Participants self-reported their DM exposure (hours/day), for smartphone, internet, television viewing, and computer/game console (PC). Media multitasking (i.e., simultaneous use of PC with other media) was also reported. Latent class analyses were applied to identify underlying patterns of DM exposure. Generalized linear mixed regressions, adjusted for confounders (e.g., weight status) were used to estimate regression coefficients (β) and 99.9% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
The analyses included 3222 adolescents (mean age/SD=13.6/1.1; half girls), 26% of whom were with overweight/obesity. The results showed that one additional hour of exposure to smartphones (β, 0.73; 99.9%CI, 0.41-1.06), internet (β, 0.57; 99.9%CI, 0.28-0.86), and higher media multitasking (β, 0.72; 99.9%CI, 0.33-1.11) were positively associated with impulsivity in all participants. The latent class analyses identified four patterns of DM exposure. Adolescents with prolonged smartphone/internet exposure but low PC/medium TV exposure (β, 1.61, 99.9%CI, 0.41, 2.82) showed higher impulsivity score, compared to those with low exposure to all media, especially girls and participants living in two-parent families.

Conclusions
Prolonged DM exposure is related to being more impulsive in the context of negative emotions in European adolescents. Although future longitudinal research should confirm these findings, they hint at a further underlying mechanism by which DM exposure may lead to obesity and subsequent metabolic disorders.

Key messages
• Excessive DM exposure is positively related with the emotion-driven impulsiveness of European adolescents.
• These findings call for actions to increase adolescents’s psycho-emotional resilience against the digital environment.
Evolution of medication consumption during the covid-19: healthcare and social panel survey
Authors: Cabrera-Léon A , Díaz-Romero S , Sánchez-Cantalejo C , Saez M , Robles B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on physical and mental health at all levels, modifying life habits and putting at risk the emergence of ailments or the lack of management of previous comorbidities in the population.

Objectives
To analyze the evolution of drug consumption during the first year of the Pandemic in the general adult population residing in Andalusia according to the main axes of health inequalities.

Methods
Probabilistic overlapping panel survey with 11,463 valid telephone interviews distributed in four measurements during 2020 and 2021. Survey participants included individuals aged 16 years or older residing in Andalusia, Spain. The outcomes were drug consumption, type of drug consumed, modification of drug consumption and drugs related to mental health. Descriptive and stratified analysis by the health inequalities axes of sex, age and territory (degree of urbanization) were carried out to examine temporal changes in those outcomes. The sample design established were considered to obtain the estimations and 95% confidence intervals.

Results
In May 2020, 53.2% of the adult Andalusian population consumed medication in the previous two weeks, while in April 2021 this consumption increased to 58.6%. On the other hand, no differences were observed in the consumption of mental health-related medication in the previous two weeks between different time points, although a relevant difference was observed in the consumption of medication between women and men, being higher in women for all measurements. Regarding the change in medication consumption in the month prior to each measurement, there was an increase between April 2020 and April 2021 of 82.37%.

Conclusions
Drug consumption increased during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, with differences observed between men and women, and no differences between the different territories. Younger age groups of population had a greater increase in drug consumption compared to older age groups.

Key messages
• Drug consumption increased during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, with differences observed between men and women, and no differences between the different territories.
• Younger age groups of population had a greater increase in drug consumption.
Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and mental health in Norwegian youths; a longitudinal study
Authors: Vedøy I B , Skulberg K R , Thurston M N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Research suggests that the mental health of adolescents is less than optimal. Physical activity (PA) has been positively associated with mental health, while the relationships with sedentary behaviour (SED) has shown negative associations. Previous studies have methodological limitations related to study design and instruments used to measure both PA/SED and mental health.

Purpose
Explore whether changes in objectively assessed PA [Total PA and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA)] and SED are associated with mental health problems (MHP) and mental well-being (MWB) among adolescents.

Methods
Longitudinal data was collected from 11 lower secondary schools in three waves between 2016-2018. Baseline participation rate was 60% (599 participants, 54.4% girls, 13.3 years). PA and SED were measured by ActiGraph GT3X+/BT. MHP were measured by the Strengths and difficulties questionnaire, while MWB was measured by the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale.

Results
No associations between PA (Total PA and MVPA) and MHP were found neither for girls nor boys. However, for boys the results showed a positive relationship between change in SED and MWB (p = 0.02) implying that a daily increase in SED of 60 minutes would be equivalent to a 3.2 points higher score in MWB. For girls, there was a modest relationship between change in Total PA and MWB (p = 0.04)

Conclusions
Our data suggest that there may be a gendered pattern in the relationship between PA, SED and mental health among adolescents. Changes in Total PA and MVPA was largely unrelated to MHP in a healthy sample of adolescents. Among boys, an increase in SED was associated with improved MWB. For girls, the relationship with MWB was only apparent through an increase in Total PA.

Key messages
• The relationships between PA, SED and mental health among adolescents are complex.
• SED may provide an arena for supporting MWB depending on the activities undertaken and requires further research.
Patterns of sexual risk behaviour among young adults
Authors: Jepsen D , Healy K V , Bernard M , Markert J , Brzank P J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Sexual risk behaviour (SRB), including the subtypes sex without contraception, sexualized substance use, sex work, and intimate partner violence, leads to health-related consequences for one-self or intimate partners. Especially young adults comprise a vulnerable group for SRB as they tend to use risk behaviour as maladaptive coping strategies to face developmental challenges. We aim to identify SRB patterns by analysing the relation between SRB-subtypes and to previous found risk factors, and to derive adequate treatment and prevention strategies.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted via an online-questionnaire. SRB was measured via nine items. Latent class analysis was used to identify patterns of SRB, multinomial logistic regression to capture related risk factors. Included risk factors were gender, sexual orientation, younger age of first intercourse, higher number of sexual partners, and hypersexual behaviour (HB; measured via HB-inventory).

Results
Within the sample (n = 609) three classes of SRB patterns were identified: unremarkable (67%; low values in all SRB facets), and the therapeutic-relevant classes shame-ridden (17%; esp. high values in sexual feelings of shame/ guilt), and risky (16%; high values in all SRB facets, esp. sexualized use of illegal drugs, inadequate contraception use, and impairments in important relationships). Both pathological patterns are strongly associated to higher HB-values. Male and queer participants tend to demonstrate pathological SRB-patterns more often than females and heterosexuals.

Conclusions
To implement adequate gender- and diversity sensitive prevention and treatment addressing SRB it is necessary to understand the complexity of its expression. Based on the results, shame-ridden clients could be addressed by focusing on their feelings of shame/ guilt, while it seems helpful to address substance use and compulsive sexual behaviour of clients belonging to the risky group primarily.

Key messages
• Three patterns of sexual risk behaviour could be identified, two of them are theraptuic-relevant.
• To implement adequate SRB prevention and treatment it is necessary to understand its complexity, thus respective differentiated strategies should address specific needs of young adults.
Factors Affecting Health and Tourism Students’ Perceptions of Brain Drain: A Serial Mediation Model
Authors: Gözüm S , Yurcu G , Ilgaz A , Aybar D H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
To provide the optimum level of health and tourism goals of Turkey, it is important that the supply of well-trained health and tourism professionals meets the demand. Our study aimed to evaluate the sequential mediating role of self-efficacy and financial anxiety levels in the impact of health and tourism students’ life satisfaction on their migration attitudes.

Methods
In the descriptive study, sequential and regulatory mediation model was used in medical, nursing, dentist and tourism students sample in Akdeniz University. The data were collected using a descriptive form and four scales; Attitude for Brain Drain, Life Satisfaction, Self-Efficacy, and Financial Anxiety. Data were analysed with the serial mediation model, logistic and multiple regression.

Results
A total of 403 students responded (32.9% response rate), of whom 307 were classified as health group and 96 tourism students. Of these, 83.3% tourism, 74.8% nursing, 56.5% dentistry, 55.7% medical school students indicated they were contemplating migrating following graduation. Participants’ 50.6% expressed an intention of returning to Turkey. The factors most influencing their intent to migrate were attitude towards brain drain (odds ratio [OR], 3.62; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 2.54-5.18; p = &lt;.001), and faculties (OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.55-6.34; p = .001). Financial anxiety, self-efficacy and intention to go abroad are variables that affect the attitude score towards brain drain (F(5,39)=27.01, p &lt;.001). Students’ perceptions of life satisfaction are an important antecedent of brain drain intention, and self-efficacy perception and financial anxiety have mediating effects in this effect.

Conclusions
The potential future emigration of health and tourism students of Turkey poses an immediate and severe threat to the sustainability of the Turk healthcare and tourism service. The fact that about half of those who intend to migrate plan to return indicates that migration will not be permanent.

Key messages
• Urgent interventions are needed at an undergraduate decreasing of financial anxiety and improving life satisfaction for healthcare and tourism students in Turkey.
• The decrease in life satisfaction increases financial anxiety and attitude towards brain drain. Policies that make return migration attractive in the field of health and tourism should be developed.