bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporating Holding Costs in Continuous-Time Service Network Design: New Model, Relaxation, and Exact Algorithm
Authors: Shu Shengnan , Xu Zhou , Baldacci Roberto 
Published: January 2024

The continuous-time service network design problem (CTSNDP) occurs widely in practice. It aims to minimize the total operational cost by optimizing the schedules of transportation services and the routes of shipments for dispatching, which can occur at any time point along a continuous planning horizon. In order to be cost-effective, shipments often wait to be consolidated, which incurs a holding cost. Despite its importance, the holding cost has not been taken into account in existing exact solution methods for the CTSNDP because introducing it significantly complicates the problem and makes solution development very challenging. To tackle this challenge, we develop a new dynamic discretization discovery algorithm, which can solve the CTSNDP with holding cost to exactly optimum. The algorithm is based on a novel relaxation model and several new optimization techniques. Results from extensive computational experiments validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the new algorithm and also demonstrate the benefits that can be gained by taking into account holding costs in solving the CTSNDP. In particular, we show that the significance of the benefits depends on the connectivity of the underlying physical network and the flexibility of the shipments’ time requirements. Funding: This work was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71831008] and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Project P0043872]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0104 .
WR-enhanced TDM-PON with nanosecond clock and data recovery and picosecond time synchronization
Authors: Zhao Yisong , Xue Xuwei , Guo Bingli , Yang Changsheng , Wen Ran , Shen Shikui , Wei Buzheng , Dang Daohang , Guo Yuanzhi , Ren Xiongfei , Chen Bin , Huang Shanguo 
Published: January 2024

Access networks require higher bandwidth and throughput to handle rapidly increasing traffic. However, in the time-division multiplexing passive optical network (TDM-PON) system, improving system throughput in such a time-slotted network faces two technical challenges. First, because optical network units transmit packets with individual clock frequency, receivers at the optical line terminal side must instantly recover the frequency to guarantee the throughput, while no valid data can be received before the clock and data recovery (CDR) is completed. Second, the time-slotted mechanism requires fine-granularity of time-slot edge alignment, where the interpacket interval used to compensate the misalignment deteriorates the throughput. In this paper, these two challenges are simultaneously addressed by white rabbit (WR) protocol-based enhancements for the first time, to our best knowledge, in a TDM-PON system. With the synchronous Ethernet of WR protocol, the physical-layer frequency synchronization efficiently accelerates the CDR via eliminating the time-consuming frequency tracking process. Moreover, after improving the time precision to the subnanosecond level via a digital dual mixer time difference phase detector, the precise delay model in the WR protocol can accurately elaborate the compensation and adjustment on time. The experimental results validate that the proposed network achieves 38.6 ns CDR time and 341 ps time synchronization precision.
Equivalent Mueller matrix method for 3-D axial error analysis in 2-D SoP measurement
Authors: Wang Luo , Zhang Haiyang , Jin Fahong , Zhao Changming , He Jianwei 
Published: January 2024

We explored an equivalent Mueller matrix method for analyzing 3-D axial errors in 2-D polarization state measurements for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The method treats 2-D devices with 3-D errors as a closed system, within which the transformation of a 3-D polarization field is described using a 3×3 coherency matrix and generalized Jones matrix (GJM). The equivalent 4×4 Mueller matrix of the component is numerically evaluated from the 2-D polarization field information at the input and output ports. Furthermore, our research has identified that any 3-D axial error within the polarization state analyzer (PSA) can be classified into two categories: axial alignment error (AAE) and wave-vector alignment error (WAE). For the latter case, we have introduced a concept of equal weight variance of a wave-vector as an alternative to the spiral sampling method to estimate the upper-bound of relative state of polarization (SoP) error. A simulation result shows that for the ideal bi-plate PSA, the upper-bound remains below 3% when the deviation value is less than 17.7 deg. The equivalent Mueller matrix method can be applied to analyze the 3-D errors in an arbitrary sort of PSA, and the description of 3-D transformation in this paper is simpler than a 9×9 generalized Mueller matrix and nine-element generalized Stokes vector, which has potential value in the research of vector beam generation.
Educational technologies for teaching hand hygiene: Systematic review
Authors: Fernandes Daiane Rubinato , Santos Bruna Nogueira dos , Guimarães Carolina Scoqui , Ferreira Elaine Barros , Margatho Amanda Salles , Reis Paula Elaine Diniz dos , Pittet Didier , Silveira Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira 
Published: January 2024

Aim
To gather available scientific evidence on technologies used to teach hand hygiene to professional populations and lays involved in health care in the hospital setting. This systematic review was designed as proposed by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis, included studies reporting primary, original, quantitative research findings with no date limit and written in English, Spanish or Portuguese. The search was performed in the following electronic databases: Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, US National Library of Medicine, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and ProQuest. The eligibility criteria were applied independently by two reviewers to select the studies, first by reading the titles and abstracts on the Rayyan platform and then by full text reading of the eligible studies. After a descriptive analysis, the studies were subjected to critical evaluation of their methodological quality using JBI tools.

Results
Seven studies were included, addressing various methods for teaching hand hygiene using different technological resources, such as audiovisual electronic devices, videos, virtual reality, and gamification using tablets and smartphones, in different populations.

Conclusion
Using technologies to teach hand hygiene considerably helps patients, visitors, and relatives in learning the procedures and efficiently improves hand hygiene compliance rates among healthcare professionals, creating evidence-based repetitive learning opportunities for patients and caregivers.
Complete Biochemical Remission With Oral Vancomycin in a Patient With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and High Serum Immunoglobulin G4 Levels
Authors: Sohal Aalam , Kowdley Kris V. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a progressive cholestatic liver disease characterized by intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct strictures leading to cirrhosis. A subtype with elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 levels has been recently identified. Elevated IgG4 titers can be present in 9%–15% of patients with PSC. Currently, liver transplantation is the only effective treatment of PSC, although multiple medical therapies are under evaluation. We report a case of a young adult with PSC and elevated IgG4 levels who had marked serum aminotransferase elevation; the patient had an incomplete response to steroids but achieved complete biochemical remission after initiation of oral vancomycin.
The Role of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Modulators After Liver Transplantation in Persons With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Maradiaga Richard D. , Ramsey Mitchell L. , Kirkby Stephen E. , Sobotka Lindsay A. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Despite advances in treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF), liver disease remains a major contributor to morbidity and mortality for persons with CF. Therefore, liver transplantation may be considered in end-stage CF-related liver disease. We present a young patient with CF who underwent solo liver transplantation and has successfully restarted on elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor without significant pulmonary or hepatic complications after transplant.
Scalable hot carrier–assisted silicon photodetector array based on ultrathin gold film
Authors: Kim Geunpil , Kim Hyebi , Jeon Young-Uk , Kim In Soo , Kim Soo Jin , Kim Sangsik , Kim Jongbum 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Silicon (Si) offers cost-effective production and convenient on-chip integration for photodetection due to its well-established CMOS technology. However, the indirect bandgap of Si inherently limits its detection efficiency in the near-infrared (NIR) regime. Here, we propose a strategy to achieve high NIR photoresponse in Si by introducing a strong light-absorbing ultrathin gold (Au) film to generate hot carriers. Using a 4.6 nm thick-Au film deposited on Si, we achieved photoresponsivity of 1.6 mA/W at 1310 nm under zero-bias conditions, and rapid temporal responses of 7.5 and 8 μs for rise and fall times, respectively, comparable to germanium (Ge) photodiodes. By utilizing an ultrathin (<6 nm) Au film as the light-detecting layer and thicker (>100 nm) Au film as electrodes, we introduce a unique approach to design a photodiode array based on a single metal (Au) platform. Comparative analysis with a commercial beam profiler image validates the performance of our designed array. This work presents an efficient strategy for manufacturing cost-effective and scalable NIR photodetector arrays, which eliminates the need for additional insulator layers.
Photochemical initiation of polariton-mediated exciton propagation
Authors: Sokolovskii Ilia , Groenhof Gerrit 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Placing a material inside an optical cavity can enhance transport of excitation energy by hybridizing excitons with confined light modes into polaritons, which have a dispersion that provides these light–matter quasi-particles with low effective masses and very high group velocities. While in experiments, polariton propagation is typically initiated with laser pulses, tuned to be resonant either with the polaritonic branches that are delocalized over many molecules, or with an uncoupled higher-energy electronic excited state that is localized on a single molecule, practical implementations of polariton-mediated exciton transport into devices would require operation under low-intensity incoherent light conditions. Here, we propose to initiate polaritonic exciton transport with a photo-acid, which upon absorption of a photon in a spectral range not strongly reflected by the cavity mirrors, undergoes ultra-fast excited-state proton transfer into a red-shifted excited-state photo-product that can couple collectively with a large number of suitable dye molecules to the modes of the cavity. By means of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations we demonstrate that cascading energy from a photo-excited donor into the strongly coupled acceptor-cavity states via a photo-chemical reaction can indeed induce long-range polariton-mediated exciton transport.
Phase change material-based tunable Fano resonant optical coatings and their applications
Authors: Sreekanth Kandammathe Valiyaveedu , Jana Sambhu , ElKabbash Mohamed , Singh Ranjan , Teng Jinghua 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Thin-film coatings offer a scalable optical platform, as compared to nanopatterned films, for various applications including structural coloring, photovoltaics, and sensing. Recently, Fano resonant optical coatings (FROCs) have gained attention. FROCs consist of coupled thin film nanocavities composed of a broadband and a narrowband optical absorber. The optical properties of FROCs can be dynamically adjusted using chalcogenide phase change materials (PCM). Switching the structural states of PCM layers in the cavity between amorphous and crystalline states, the Fano resonance supported by FROC can be modulated in terms of resonance wavelength, intensity, and bandwidth. This review discusses the scientific and technological facets of both passive and active FROCs for applications in structural coloring and spectrum-splitting filters. We explore electrically tunable FROCs for dynamic color generation and optical steganography. Furthermore, we discuss the utilization of passive and active FROCs as spectrum-splitting filters to mitigate the drop in photovoltaic efficiency of solar cells due to heating and for hybrid thermal-electric power generation.
Ultra-broadband directional thermal emission
Authors: Wang Qiuyu , Liu Tianji , Li Longnan , Huang Chen , Wang Jiawei , Xiao Meng , Li Yang , Li Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Directional control of thermal emission over its broad wavelength range is a fundamental challenge. Gradient epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material supporting Berreman mode has been proposed as a promising approach. However, the bandwidth is still inherently limited due to the availability of ENZ materials covering a broad bandwidth and additional undesired omnidirectional modes in multilayer stacking with increased thickness. Here, we show that broadband directional thermal emission can be realized beyond the previously considered epsilon-near-zero and Berreman mode region. We then establish a universal approach based on effective medium theory to realizing ultra-broadband directional thermal emitter. We numerically demonstrate strong (emissivity >0.8) directional (80 ± 5°) thermal emission covering the entire thermal emission wavelength range (5–30 μm) by using only two materials. This approach offers a new capability for manipulating thermal emission with potential applications in high-efficiency information encryption, energy collection and utilization, thermal camouflaging, and infrared detection.
Realization of all two-dimensional Bravais lattices with metasurface-based interference lithography
Authors: Kim Myungjoon , Kim Nayoung , Shin Jonghwa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Proximity-field nanopatterning (PnP) have been used recently as a rapid, cost-effective, and large-scale fabrication method utilizing volumetric interference patterns generated by conformal phase masks. Despite the effectiveness of PnP processes, their design diversity has not been thoroughly explored. Here, we demonstrate that the possibility of generating any two-dimensional lattice with diverse motifs. By controlling the amplitude, phase, and polarization of each diffraction beam, we can implement all two-dimensional Bravais lattices in three-dimensional space. The results may provide diverse applications that require three-dimensional nanostructures from optical materials and structural materials to energy storage or conversion materials.
Scroll for More: Papyrus Commentaries from Roman Oxyrhynchus and Context Clues
Authors: Perrone Serena 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The paper offers an analysis of the possible clues for contextualising papyrus commentaries (hypomnemata), with particular reference to fragments from Roman-era Oxyrhynchus (1st–3rd c. AD). Examples of such clues are presented, including instances of reuse, identified scribe, the presence of secondary interventions, preserved colophon or other indications of authoriality, and documented archaeological findspot.
Comparison of aftershock behavior of the flores sea 12 december 1992 and 14 december 2021
Authors: Jufriansah Adi , Khusnani Azmi , Pramudya Yudhiakto , Afriyanto Mulya 
Published: January 2024

<span lang="EN-US">Over 30 years, the Flores region experienced earthquakes with Mw &gt;7 twice, namely in 1992 and 2021 at shallow depths &lt;60 km. However, the behavior of the aftershocks accompanying the quake has yet to be studied in detail. This research aims to compare the behavior of aftershocks after the main earthquake. This research uses three-lifetime analysis functions, namely, Wilber3, Mustang Web Browser, and comparison of Probability Density Function Hazard. The data used comes from IRIS data and BMKG Online Data. Through graphical analysis, it is known that the data for the time difference for aftershocks follow the RMS distribution, indicating that the Flores Sea aftershock on 12 December 1992 occurred with high intensity on the 3<sup>rd</sup> and the 6<sup>th</sup> day after the main earthquake. Meanwhile, the aftershocks in the Flores Sea on 14 December 2021 tended to occur with a more even intensity during the observation period, but the power returned to high on the 7<sup>th</sup> day</span>
Socio-Demographic and Eco-Epidemiological Parameters of Tick-Borne Infections Morbidity in Baikal Region
Authors: Mel’nikova O. V. , Bykova N. A. , Ustinova N. V. , Andaev E. I. 
Published: January 2024

The aim of the work was to compare the main socio-demographic and eco-epidemiological parameters of tick-borne viral encephalitis, tick-borne borrelioses and tick-borne rickettsiosis.Materials and methods. The authors’ databases based on epidemiological investigation records were used for the study. All in all, 2974 cases (Irkutsk and the Irkutsk district) were analyzed during the periods of 1995–2022 for tick-borne viral encephalitis and tick-borne borrelioses, and 2001–2022 for tick-borne rickettsiosis.Results and discussion. The following parameters were assessed: the timing of epidemic season; the geography of prevalence; localization of tick bite on the human body; incubation time; gender and age structure of patients; social composition and exposure conditions. It was shown, that the parameters had their own features for each disease, and part of them are common to all Eurasian area of these infections. The shared characteristics include: the early epidemic season onset for tick-borne rickettsiosis; the shorter incubation time for tickborne rickettsiosis as compared to tick-borne viral encephalitis and tick-borne borrelioses; the increased frequency of tick-borne rickettsiosis vectors’ bites near the head and neck, and tick-borne borrelioses vectors – on the torso; large percentage of older persons among patients with tick-borne borrelioses and children under 14 years of age among patients with tick-borne rickettsiosis; prevalence of male population over female one as regards all surveyed pathogens. Low incidence of tick-borne diseases among professional contingent (the work associated with staying in natural foci of infection), an increased risk of tick-borne encephalitis and rickettsiosis among social group “unemployed”, and tick-borne borrelioses – among retirees, can be attributed to regional specificity.
Detection of SARS‑CoV‑2 S Gene Mutations Using PCR during Seasons of Increased Incidence of Coronavirus Infection in the Chuvash Republic
Authors: Prishchepa N. P. , Dobrovol’skaya N. Yu. , Nikiforova V. I. , Tarasova T. S. , Preobrazhenskaya E. V. 
Published: January 2024

Mutations in the SARS‑CoV‑2 genome make it possible to effectively escape defense mechanisms of the host, which explains the spread of infection among vaccinated or previously affected by the virus individuals.The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of mutations in the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus genome during the rise of the seasonal incidence in the Chuvash Republic.Materials and methods. Under conditions of the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the Federal Center for Traumatology, Orthopedics and Endoprosthetics of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Cheboksary), samples, containing SARS‑CoV‑2 RNA, taken in January-February and July-October, 2022 were tested using reverse transcription PCR. The “MBS-Test SARS‑CoV‑2 RNA” (Technical Specifications 21.20.23-068-26329720-2021, Russia) and “AmpliTest SARS‑CoV‑2 VOC v.3” (Series V017, Certificate of Registration No. 2022/16307, Russia) were utilized in compliance with the manufacturer’s instructions.Results and discussion. Variations in the sets of SARS‑CoV‑2 S gene mutations have been revealed in the studied samples obtained during different periods of the spread of SARS‑CoV‑2 coronavirus. Timely detection of various mutations in the virus genome at the beginning of the epidemiological season and the alleged rise in the incidence of coronavirus infection is valuable information for forecasting the rate of virus transmission. It can also be used to create vaccines (taking into account changes in the virus genome) and to choose the adequate tactics for treating coronavirus infection.
Use of Social Media in Orthopaedic Surgery Training and Practice
Authors: Feroe Aliya G. , Only Arthur J. , Murray Jerome C. , Malin Lynsey R. , Mikhael Nizar , Selley Ryan S. , Fader Ryan R. , Hassan Mahad M. 
Published: January 2024

Background:Social media use has grown across healthcare delivery and practice, with dramatic changes occurring in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive systematic review to determine the current landscape of social media use by (1) orthopaedic surgery residencies/fellowship training programs and (2) individual orthopaedic surgeons and the change in use over time.Methods:We searched 3 electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase) from their inception to April 2022 for all studies that analyzed the use of social media in orthopaedic surgery. Two reviewers independently determined study eligibility, rated study quality, and extracted data. Methodology was in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Results:Twenty-eight studies were included, of which 11 analyzed social media use by orthopaedic surgery residency and fellowship training programs and 17 examined its use by individual orthopaedic surgeons. Among residency and fellowship programs, Instagram was identified as the most common platform used, with 42% to 88% of programs reporting program-specific Instagram accounts, followed by Twitter/X (20%-52%) and Facebook (10%-38%). Social media was most commonly used by programs for recruitment and information dissemination to prospective residency applicants (82% and 73% of included studies, respectively). After the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a 620% and 177% increase in the number of training programs with Instagram and Twitter/X accounts, respectively. Individual use of social media ranged from 1.7% to 76% (Twitter/X), 10% to 73% (Facebook), 0% to 61% (Instagram), 22% to 61% (LinkedIn), and 6.5% to 56% (YouTube).Conclusions:Instagram, Twitter/X, and Facebook are the premier platforms that patients, residency applicants, and institutions frequent. With the continued growth of social media use anticipated, it will be critical for institutions and individuals to create and abide by guidelines outlining respectful and professional integration of social media into practice.Level of Evidence:Level IV.