bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and mechanical characterization of glass fiber‐grewia optiva fiber reinforced hybrid polymer composite fabricated by vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding
Authors: Verma S. K. , Gupta A. , Gangil B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe natural and synthetic fibers are combined in a single composite to achieve a balance between the desired strength and cost considerations. In this study, the vacuum resin transfer moulding process was used to prepare an epoxy‐based composite. The composite consisted of grewia optiva as the natural fiber and glass fiber as the synthetic fiber, both with a fixed weightage of 10 %. Dolomite was used as a filler with varying content (0 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 weight %). The physical, mechanical, erosion wear and morphological behavior of the epoxy‐based composite were investigated. The inclusion of dolomite filler significantly increased the composite hardness and impact strength but reduced its tensile and flexural strength. At a dolomite filler content of 10 weight %, the erosive wear was reduced, while it increased at higher dolomite filler contents. The composite was examined using the L16 array, and the minimum wear rate was observed at an impingement angle of 30°, a velocity of 10 m/s, and an erodent size of 150 μm. Morphological studies were conducted to explore the possible mechanism for the variation in erosive wear at different dolomite contents in the hybrid composites.
A novel self‐interference cancellation architecture based on asymmetrical power divider and its closed‐loop control
Authors: Qing Shijun , Zhu Ningli , Li Huimin , Chen Yihong , Feng Quanyuan , Xiang Qianyin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe asymmetric radio frequency (RF) self‐interference cancellation (SIC) architecture is studied, and the closed‐loop control of RF SIC based on software radio is realized. This system uses a circulator to isolate the receiving and transmitting chains, and its RF reconstruction chain is composed of a 4‐tap filter with fixed delay and tunable attenuation for each tap. The optimization of tap filter and asymmetric power divider's power allocation ratio is discussed. In the experiment, sensing, calibration, optimization algorithms and hardware control programs were proposed. A closed‐loop gradient descent algorithm for tuning the variable attenuator is implemented on the GNU Radio. From 910 MHz to 930 MHz, the isolation between the receiving and transmitting ports increases 40 dB, achieving an isolation of more than 65 dB and the transmission energy efficiency increases by 60%.
Finite analytical method on corner‐point grid for fluid flow in heterogeneous porous media
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Wang Xiangzeng , Liu Zhifeng , Liang Quansheng , Wang Xiaohong , Li Jian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe three‐dimensional (3D) corner‐point grid system, as an industrial standard, has been widely used in oil reservoir geological modeling and numerical simulation due to its versatility compared to traditional orthogonal grids. The finite analytical method (FAM) is proposed for corner‐point grid systems in this article, which can greatly improve the simulation accuracy, especially for strongly heterogeneous porous media. Based on the approximate analytical solution around the edge of the corner‐point cells, the internodal transmissibility of two adjacent cells is recalculated to replace the traditional one. The traditional internodal transmissibility is calculated based on the harmonic mean of the permeabilities of the two adjacent cells, which will greatly underestimate the transmissibility and lead to an uncontrollable error as the strength of heterogeneity increases. The proposed FAM can calculate the internodal transmissibility rather accurately, and its accuracy is irrelevant to the strength of the heterogeneity, which is the main advantage of FAM. Numerical tests show that the simulation results of the proposed FAM converge much faster than the traditional method as the cells are refined. The proposed FAM can be easily extended to the simulation of multiphase flow and be easily embedded in commercial reservoir numerical simulation software.
Noninvasive tests to identify liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease are affected by race
Authors: Bril Fernando , Gray Meagan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the performance of noninvasive tests (NITs) across different racial and ethnic groups in a large multiethnic cohort.MethodsData were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017 through 2020. Participants without valid transient elastography measurements or with alternative etiologies of liver steatosis disease were excluded from the study.ResultsAmong the 6359 adults included in the study, fatty liver index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease liver fat scores performed well for the prediction of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease, without significant changes across racial and ethnic groups. However, significant differences were observed across racial and ethnic groups for the prediction of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. The fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4) index, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score underperformed in non‐Hispanic Black patients for the detection of cirrhosis. For the detection of advanced fibrosis, their performance was also numerically worse in non‐Hispanic Black patients but only reached statistical significance for APRI. Using a cutoff point of 12 kPa for advanced fibrosis, both APRI and the FIB‐4 index performed significantly worse in non‐Hispanic Black patients.ConclusionsIn a large, diverse national cohort, the performance of NITs was overall poor compared with transient elastography, and NITs showed differences across racial and ethnic groups. Given the widespread use of NITs, it is imperative that the scores are equitable across racial and ethnic groups.
Simultaneously enhancing tribological and mechanical properties of epoxy composites using basalt fiber/reduced graphene oxide/paraffin wax
Authors: Liu Hongyu , Fan Xiaobing , Pan Bingli , Zhou Yuxuan , Zhang Longlong , Li Menghan , Li Ziying , Pang Xinchang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEpoxy composites with simultaneously enhanced tribological and mechanical properties filled with basalt belt/reduced graphene oxide/paraffin wax (EP/BF/RGO/PW) have been successfully prepared. Experimental results indicated that the mechanical property of the composites was reinforced by basalt belt, and the tribological property was greatly improved by reduced graphene oxide/paraffin wax at the same time. Thanks to the synergy of PW and RGO sheets, the optimized coefficient of friction and wear rate of the composite declined by 77.5% and 14.4% than pure EP under dry friction conditions of 60 N and 0.42 m s−1. In comparison to pure EP, the tensile strength and modulus of the optimized composite increased by 75.5% and 100% on account of the robust basalt fibers. Thus, the combination of basalt fiber and reduced graphene oxide/paraffin wax can readily realize the introduction of enhancer and oil‐impregnation in EP, offering a promising approach for simultaneously improving the mechanical and tribological properties of epoxy.Highlights
A novel BF/RGO/PW 3D skeleton was developed via a facile hydrothermal method.
The BF/RGO/PW can enhance the mechanical and tribological properties of EP.
The basalt fibers account for the improvement in mechanical property.
A reduction of 77.5% in COF and a decrease of 14.4% in wear rate were realized.
Synergistic effect of combining metallic and mineral nanoparticles on the improvement of the performance of active poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) packaging films
Authors: Seray Manel , Hadj‐Hamou Assia Siham 
Published: December 2023

AbstractActive ternary nanocomposite films based on poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT), ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), and cloisite (C15A, C30B) were fabricated through solvent casting. The structural and morphological characteristics of these hybrid metal‐oxide‐clay nanocomposites were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and UV‐visible spectrophotometry. Due to the synergistic effect resulting from the combination of ZnO and cloisites, PBAT‐based nanocomposite films have demonstrated a significant improvement in their mechanical and barrier properties. Hardness recorded increase of 87.75% and 41.05%, while Young's modulus showed improvement of 218.13% and 102.68% for PBAT/ZnO/C15A and PBAT/ZnO/C30B films, respectively, compared to the pure PBAT matrix. Additionally, an enhancement in water vapor barrier properties was estimated at 81.28% for PBAT/ZnO/C15A film and 90.88% for PBAT/ZnO/C30B, in comparison with the PBAT alone. Furthermore, the incorporation of clay into the PBAT/ZnO matrix led to a notable slowdown in the release rate of Zn2+ ions, mainly attributed to the entrapment of ZnO NPs within the Cloisite galleries. As these particles dissolve into Zn2+ ions, they undergo a gradual diffusion process through the clay sheets. In addition, the simultaneous presence of both types of nanofillers exhibited a more pronounced antibacterial effect compared to that induced by ZnO NPs alone. However, it is noteworthy that antibacterial performance was closely linked to the type of clay used. Indeed, the PBAT/ZnO/C15A film demonstrated complete inhibition of in vitro bacterial growth within just 3 to 4 days, whereas the PBAT/ZnO/C30B film did not exhibit the same level of effectiveness.Highlights
Development of active PBAT/ZnO/clay packaging films.
ZnO NPs entrapped in clay galleries yielded slow Zn2+ ion diffusion.
Synergistic combination of ZnO and Cloisite NPs exhibits strong antibacterial activity.
The antibacterial performance is directly linked to the type of clay used.
Predicting encapsulant delamination in photovoltaic modules bridging photochemical reaction kinetics and fracture mechanics
Authors: Liu Kuan , Thornton Patrick , D'hooge Dagmar R. , Dauskardt Reinhold H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhotovoltaic (PV) modules are subjected to environmental stressors (UV exposure, temperature, and humidity) that cause degradation within the encapsulant and its interfaces with adjacent glass and cell substrates. To save experimental time and to enable long‐term assessment with intensive degradation only taking place after many years, the development of predictive models is indispensable. Previous works have modeled the delamination of the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant/glass and encapsulant/cell interfaces under field aging conditions with fundamental photochemical degradation reactions that lead to molecular scission and loss of interfacial adhesion, characterized by the fracture resistance, Gc. However, these models were fundamentally limited in that the following aspects were not incorporated: (i) molecular crosslinking in the field, (ii) synergistic autocatalytic interactions of degradation mechanisms, (iii) connection between degraded encapsulant structure and its mechanical properties, and (iv) rigorous treatment of the plasticity contribution to Gc with finite element models. Here, we present a time‐dependent multiscale model that addresses these limitations and is applicable to a wide range of encapsulants and interfaces. For the reference EVA encapsulant and its interfaces with the glass and cell, the presented model predicts an initial rise in Gc in the first 3 years of field aging from crosslinking, then a subsequent sharp decline from degradation mechanisms. We used nanoindentation to measure the changes in EVA mechanical properties over exposure time to tune the model parameters. The model predictions of Gc and mechanical properties match with experimental data and show an improvement compared to previous models. The model can even predict switches in failure interfaces, such as the observed EVA/cell to EVA/glass transition. We also conducted a sensitivity analysis study by varying the degradation and crosslinking kinetic parameters to demonstrate their effects on Gc. Model extensions to polyolefin elastomer‐ and silicone‐encapsulants and their interfaces are also demonstrated.
Collection and analysis of hydrocarbon gas buried onshore pipeline accidents in Indonesia as the databases for failure frequency assessment in a quantitative risk analysis
Authors: Mukharror Darmawan Ahmad , Maulana Ibnu , Yusuf Muhammad , Devianto Hary , Sommeng Andy Noorsaman , Kartohardjono Sutrasno , Hermansyah Heri 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs of May 31, 2022, approximately 18,687 km of gas pipeline has been built in Indonesia. However, the pipeline failure data are yet to be gathered or evaluated. In quantitative risk assessment (QRA), the pipeline failure frequency is calculated by a generic failure frequency approach. Most of these generic failure frequency data are based on other region pipeline incident databases. This paper aims to provide the basis of data for the failure frequency of Indonesia's buried onshore pipeline. Accident data from 1127.9 km of underground onshore gas pipelines within 30 years (1976–2006) in Indonesia were gathered and assessed to provide the cause and effect of pipeline age and diameter on the generic failure rate. This research reveals the average failure rate of 5.32E‐04/km‐year of onshore pipelines in Indonesia. The study concluded that baseline failure frequencies from this analysis could be used for buried onshore pipeline quantitative risk assessment purposes. Further pipeline failure research for a relatively current period (e.g., from 2006 to 2022), type of installation (e.g., buried, or non‐buried), and other applications of the pipeline (e.g., offshore pipeline) should be conducted as a way forward for this study to have a complete database for Indonesian accidents.
Astilbin protects from sepsis‐induced cardiac injury through the NRF2/HO‐1 and TLR4/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Fang Zhao , Wang Guangji , Huang Rui , Liu Chengyin , Yushanjiang Feierkaiti , Mao Tuohua , Li Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCardiac dysfunction and arrhythmia are severe complications of sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy and are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Currently, the precise mechanism for sepsis‐induced myocardial damage remains unclear. Astilbin, a flavonoid, is reported to have anti‐inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic properties. However, the effects of astilbin on sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy have not been studied so far. This study aims to investigate the effect of astilbin in sepsis‐induced myocardial injury and elucidate the underlying mechanism. In vivo and in vitro sepsis models were created using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an inducer in H9C2 cardiomyocytes and C57BL/6 mice, respectively. Our results demonstrated that astilbin reduced myocardial injury and improved cardiac function. Moreover, astilbin prolonged the QT and corrected QT intervals, attenuated myocardial electrical remodeling, and promoted gap junction protein (Cx43) and ion channels expression, thereby reducing the susceptibility of ventricular fibrillation. In addition, astilbin alleviated LPS‐induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Astilbin suppressed the toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway in vivo and in vitro models. Astilbin remarkedly upregulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1) expression. The in vitro treatment with an NRF2 inhibitor reversed the inhibition of the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway and antioxidant properties of astilbin. Astilbin attenuated LPS‐induced myocardial injury, cardiac dysfunction, susceptibility to VF, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by activating the NRF2/HO‐1 pathway and inhibiting TLR4/ NF‐κB pathway. These results suggest that astilbin could be an effective and promising therapeutics target for the treatment of sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy.
Using water‐landing, fixed‐wing UAVs and computer vision to assess seabird nutrient subsidy effects on sharks and rays
Authors: Schiele Melissa , Rowcliffe J. Marcus , Clark Ben , Lepper Paul , Letessier Tom B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBird colonies on islands sustain elevated productivity and biomass on adjacent reefs, through nutrient subsidies. However, the implications of this localized enhancement on higher and often more mobile trophic levels (such as sharks and rays) are unclear, as spatial trends in mobile fauna are often poorly captured by traditional underwater visual surveys. Here, we explore whether the presence of seabird colonies is associated with enhanced abundances of sharks and rays on adjacent coral reefs. We used a novel long‐range water‐landing fixed‐wing unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV) to survey the distribution and density of sharks, rays and any additional megafauna, on and around tropical coral islands (n = 14) in the Chagos Archipelago Marine Protected Area. We developed a computer‐vision algorithm to distinguish greenery (trees and shrubs), sand and sea glitter from visible ocean to yield accurate marine megafauna density estimation. We detected elevated seabird densities over rat‐free islands, with the commonest species, sooty tern, reaching densities of 932 ± 199 per km−2 while none were observed over former coconut plantation islands. Elasmobranch density around rat‐free islands with seabird colonies was 6.7 times higher than around islands without seabird colonies (1.3 ± 0.63 vs. 0.2 ± SE 0.1 per km2). Our results are evidence that shark and ray distribution is sensitive to natural and localized nutrient subsidies. Correcting for non‐sampled regions of images increased estimated elasmobranch density by 14%, and our openly accessible computer vision algorithm makes this correction easy to implement to generate shark and ray and other wildlife densities from any aerial imagery. The water‐landing fixed‐wing long‐range UAV technology used in this study may provide cost effective monitoring opportunities in remote ocean locations.
Unveiling the complexities of sustainable development: An investigation of economic growth, globalization and human development on carbon emissions in 64 countries
Authors: Patel Nikunj , Kautish Pradeep , Shahbaz Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo achieve Sustainable Development Goals, countries face the challenge of expanding economic activities while mitigating pollution. Using the panel autoregressive distributed lag and panel non‐linear autoregressive distributed lag approach, this study investigates the effects of globalization, economic development, human development, industrialization, non‐renewable energy, and population density on the carbon emissions (CO2) of 64 countries. This study validates the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in upper‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries. However, low‐income countries exhibit a U‐shaped relationship, while high‐income countries have successfully mitigated CO2 emissions to some extent. The analysis shows bidirectional causality between CO2 emissions and other variables, except for one‐way causality from globalization to CO2 emissions. Manufacturing in upper‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries depends on conventional energy sources, indicating the need for policies to promote renewable energy sources. The findings have significant policy implications for enhancing environmental sustainability and achieving sustainable economic growth while mitigating CO2 emissions to achieve the SDGs.
Epidermolytic Hyperkeratosis of the Vulva: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Sachedina Dilshad , Villa-Ruiz Camila , Brem Candice , Sahni Debjani 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis is a rare histopathological phenomenon which has been reported in a number of dermatological conditions. It is rare but can cause chronic and intractable symptoms which can impede the quality of life of those affected. Treatment options are variable and not enough data exists to provide a definitive protocol for management. We present this case to highlight a simple, efficacious way for dermatologists to treat the condition and provide a literature review.
Recent Advances in Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors for MicroRNA Detection
Authors: Meng Xiangdan , Pang Xuejiao , Yang Junyan , Zhang Xueji , Dong Haifeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrochemiluminescence (ECL) as an analytical technology with a perfect combination of electrochemistry and spectroscopy has received considerable attention in bioanalysis due to its high sensitivity and broad dynamic range. Given the selectivity of bio‐recognition elements and the high sensitivity of the ECL analysis technique, ECL biosensors are powerful platforms for the sensitive detection of biomarkers, achieving the accurate prognosis and diagnosis of diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial biomarkers involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, whose aberrant expression is often related to serious diseases, especially cancers. ECL biosensors can fulfill the highly sensitive and selective requirements for accurate miRNA detection, prompting this review. The ECL mechanisms are initially introduced and subsequently categorize the ECL biosensors for miRNA detection in terms of the quenching agents. Furthermore, the work highlights the signal amplification strategies for enhancing ECL signal to improve the sensitivity of miRNA detection and finally concludes by looking at the challenges and opportunities in ECL biosensors for miRNA detection.
Functional Sulfate Additive‐Derived Interfacial Layer for Enhanced Electrochemical Stability of PEO‐Based Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Kim Sun Ho , Park Namjun , Bo Lee Won , Park Jong Hyeok 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSolid‐state electrolyte batteries have attracted significant interest as promising next‐generation batteries due to their achievable high energy densities and nonflammability. In particular, curable polymer network gel electrolytes exhibit superior ion conductivity and interfacial adhesion with electrodes compared to oxide or sulfide solid electrolytes, bringing them closer to commercialization. However, the limited electrochemical stability of matrix polymers, particularly those based on poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), presents challenges in achieving stable electrochemical performance in high‐voltage lithium metal batteries. Here, these studies report a sulfate additive‐incorporated thermally crosslinked gel‐type polymer electrolyte (SA‐TGPE) composed of a PEO‐based polymer matrix and a functional sulfate additive, 1,3‐propanediolcyclic sulfate (PCS), which forms stable interfacial layers on electrodes. The electrode‐electrolyte interface modified by the PCS enhances the electrochemical stability of the polymer electrolyte, effectively alleviating decomposition of the PEO‐based polymer matrix on the cathode. Moreover, it also mitigates side reactions of the Ni‐rich NCM cathode and dendrites of lithium metal anode. These studies provide a novel perspective by utilizing interfacial modification through electrolyte additives to resolve the electrochemical instability of PEO‐based polymer electrolytes in high‐voltage lithium metal batteries.