bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Roger Pryor Dodge on Bubber Miley (1940)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bubber Miley died of tuberculosis in 1932. He held a unique position among the jazz musicians of the late twenties, and in time I hope to write an extended story of his life including a thorough review of his recordings. Let this short sketch outline his musical life and emphasize his importance as a jazz mus1e1an.
Ivie Anderson (1942)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Duke Ellington hired Ivie Anderson the engagement was for four weeks. She stayed on the job 12 years-and hasn’t finished the run yet. Ivie now holds the record as the name-band vocalist with the longest service record in the business. a stage her appearance is serene dignity. Poised, with an almost serious expression on her diminutive face, she confronts her audience with a deceptive demeanor. A seasoned and judicious showman, she knows just how to make the most of the marked contrast between her appearance and the abandoned, low-down quality of her vocalisms.
Double Play: Harry Carney and Johnny Hodges Interviewed by Don DeMichael (1962)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Joined Ellington’s band in 1927 (though he may have played in it occasionally the preceding year in New England), while Hodges became a full-time member in 1928. It is made up, in part, of suavity, urbanity, self-confidence. It is something no other band imparts to its members. It is a unique attractive-forcePerhaps Carney said it best: “You still hear musicians say the height of their ambition is to play in the Ellington band.”
Rex Stewart: “Illustrious Barney Bigard” (1966)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Albany Leon Bigard is one of the illustrious sons of New Orleans. He is also one of the clarinetists taught by the Tio family, Papa Tio and his nephew, Lorenzo. Evidently, there was unusual rapport between this musical Mexican clan and fledgling clarinetists, for the Tios sent out an impressive list of artists to dazzle the worlds of jazz and classical music.
Guitarist Freddy Guy Interviewed by John McDonough (1969)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Two or three years ago there appeared a jazz piece in Jet magazine in which the author named his choice for three of the most important rhythm guitarists in jazz history: “Charlie Christian, Freddie Green, and the late Freddy Guy.” Every time Fred Guy recalls that story these days, he chuckles and a twinkle lights his eye. Though the guitarist, who played Ellingtonian rhythms with Sonny Greer and assorted bassists for 26 years, today enjoys the best of health, marking his 69th [recte 71st?] birthday last May, perhaps there is little fault in having lost track of someone who has not drawn a paycheck as a musician for 19 years, even if he is a Duke Ellington alumnus.
Ellington: “Eulogy for Swee’ Pea” (1967)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Because he had a rare sensitivity and applied himself to his gifts, Billy Strayhorn successfully married melody, words, and harmony, equating the fitting with happiness. His greatest virtue, I think, was his honesty, not only to others but to himself. His listening-hearing self was totally intolerant of his writing-playing self when or if any compromise was expected, or considered expedient.
“The Duke Ellingtons-Cotton Clubbers En Masse” (1937)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Duke Ellington (leader and piano)-God’s greatest gift to jazz ... tremen dously popular and exceedingly modest ... world’s greatest jive artist and protagonist of Ellingtonian chivalry ... hates peanuts on pianos, whistling on stage, three on a match, dangling buttons ... consequently the inventor of wrap-around coats ... rabid bridge player ... calls his slight, slender wife “Tubby” ” ” ” always orders last so that the stuff he swipes from other people’s plates will agree with what he’s eating ... deadly serious only about his music his colossal feats in that department are too well known to bear repetition. Otto Hardwick (1st sax)-bald at 19 ... now 32 ... looks older ... used to fiddle bass in Washington ... dad carried it to work for him ... got his first.
The Second American Revolution
Authors: Mcpherson James M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the fateful years of 1860 and 1861, James A. Garfield, a representative in the Ohio legislature, corresponded with his former student at Hiram College, Burke Hinsdale, about the alarming developments in national affairs. They agreed that this “present revolution” of southern secession was sure to spark a future revolution of freedom for the slaves.
Lincoln and Liberty
Authors: Mcpherson James M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On April 18, 1864, Abraham Lincoln returned to Baltimore for the first time since he had passed incognito through the city in the middle of the night three years earlier to escape a suspected assassination plot. This time he came in broad daylight, in the full panoply of the presidency, to address the opening ceremonies of the Maryland Sanitary Fair, a fund-raising event for that remarkable Civil War counter­ part of the modern Red Cross and USO, the United States Sanitary Commission.
“Prevent: Don’t Abort”
Authors: Grossmann Atina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1932, the Berlin gynecologist Hans Lehfeldt published an article in which he documented the remarkable growth of what he termed “a people’s movement” (Volksbewegung) for birth control and sex education during the twelve years of the Weimar Republic. The appearance of such an essentially favorable report written by a physician in a journal edited by the eugenicist and social hygienist Hans Harmsen was a sign of how broad and diverse this social movement for the reform of sexual and procreative regulations and practices had become. Lay leagues claimed over 150,000 members—including sympathetic physicians—and their influence stretched well beyond those who formally joined.
Birth Control, Marriage, and Sex Counseling Clinics
Authors: Grossmann Atina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The marriage, sex, and birth control clinics established by municipal and health insurance officials in German cities during the Weimar Republic constituted a remarkable experiment in the publicly funded “management of sexuality” and procreation. Physicians and social workers used them as laboratories in which to implement and contest the politics of medical sex reform. They tried—with varying degrees of success—to translate into clinical practice their ambition to produce, via satisfying heterosexuality, healthy offspring at well-timed intervals.
Introduction: Bioethics as a Plural Noun
Authors: Engelhardt H Tristram 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Moral diversity is real. It is real in fact and in principle. Bioethics and health care policy have yet to take this diversity seriously. Those who teach bioethics, those who engage in bioethics consultations in the clinical arena, those who serve on ethics committees, even those who produce textbooks of bioethics tend to dis count the diversity of understandings regarding the morality of particular health care choices (e.g., regarding abortion, commercial surrogacy, euthanasia, germline genetic engineering, inequalities in access to health care, infanticide, organ sales) or the nature of morality (e.g., teleological, deontological, virtue based). It is as if one needed only to lay out the canonical account of justice and of the proper physician-patient relationship. The expectation persists of simply disclosing how resources ought to be distributed and how patients and physicians ought concretely to regard each other. All this is supposed to be possible outside of any particular moral narrative or perspective, at least outside of any narrative or perspective with the idiosyncrasies of a particular ideology or religion. After all, this is what the project of secular morality and bioethics has promised: an account in general of what individuals owe each other and ought to do.
The Principles of Bioethics
Authors: Engelhardt H Tristram 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At the very roots of ethics and bioethics there are profound tensions. Ethics is not one practice. The different practices, related by family resemblance, often collide. As the last chapter shows, there are deep and important differences be tween the morality and bioethics that can bind moral strangers and the mo ralities and bioethics that can bind moral friends. The morality that can bind moral strangers hinges on the authority that individuals convey through permission. This morality has a negative structure. It discloses rights and duties of forbearance. The requirement to use individuals only with their consent sets limits. On the other hand, this morality justifies morally content-full joint endeavors through agreements to collaborate. The morality of moral strangers is the focus of this volume.
Aspirations and Anxieties
Authors: Zonderman David A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aspirations and Anxieties presents the thoughts and actions of the first generation of factory workers in New England. It shows the various ways in which different kinds of factory workers handled their new experiences in numerous settings—in the factories themselves, in the surrounding factory towns, in strikes and political campaigns. The diversity of these workers’ thoughts is related by Zonderman to the larger changes in American culture occurring in the decades before the Civil War.
“Palladium Of The People’s Liberties”: The Suffrage Question And The Origins Of Black Protest
Authors: Fredrickson George M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since power and equality in representative political systems depend on the right to vote, it should come as no surprise that black freedom struggles in the United States and South Africa have made access to the ballot box a main objective in the battle against white domination. Once slavery had been abolished in the United States and the conquest of indigenous societies had been completed in South Africa, agitation for the vote on the same basis as whites became central to the cause of “equal rights.” For more than a century blacks protested against the arrogance and unfairness of political systems that paid lip service to democracy but actually permitted whites to monopolize power. The contradiction between liberal democratic political theory and racist practice gave to black orators and writers the chance to seize high moral ground by exposing the injustice and hypocrisy of their oppressors. In 1965 blacks in the United States gained their greatest triumph when Congress passed legislation that made their right to vote enforceable in all the states of the Union. In South Africa, the African National Congress finally achieved its goal of “one person, one vote” in 1994.The origins of the contemporary struggles for the suffrage can be found in the mid-to late nineteenth century. Some of the righteous intensity of subsequent campaigns for voting rights derived from the fact that color blind political equality was not unprecedented in either society but was in fact a legacy from mid-Victorian political liberalism. Ex-slaves in the United States had been enfranchised shortly after their emancipation, and the Constitution was changed in 1870 to prohibit denial of the right to vote on grounds of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” In the Cape Colony of South Africa-the center of British power in the region and the cradle of white South African society-ex-slaves and conquered indigenes were enfranchised after 1854 if they could meet a relatively low property and educational qualification that also applied to white settlers. These mid-nineteenth century manifestations of racial liberalism raised hopes among blacks that they could gain substantive equality and a measure of power to shape their own destinies through engaging in electoral politics.
Familiar Journey Protocols of Dying in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Pinson Jon W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Of all the subjects regularly entertained in popular song during the last century, none seems so inappropriate to us as death. In her study of sculpture Joy Kasson remarks about the apparent “fascination with death and dying that was reflected in virtually every aspect of American culture: art, literature, and education, as well as religious and social practices.”2 It is tempting initially for modem writers to attribute this seemingly morbid preoccupation to statistics, and it is true that shorter life expectancy in the nineteenth century played some role in the frequency of songs about dying (especially in the case of children). But a moment’s reflection will remind us that death was no more common in the nineteenth century than at any other time. Put simply, just as many people die as are born in the long run. Numbers alone offer very little by way of explanation about a society’s view of death.
Dimensions of Law in the Service of Order
Authors: Stanley Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A sophisticated and accessible application of the newest theoretical work in public-policy history and legal studies, this book is a detailed account of how a permanent income tax was enacted into law in the United States. The tax originated as an apology for the aggressive manipulation of other forms of taxation, especially the tariff, during the Civil War. Levied with very low rates on a small proportion of the population and raising little revenue, the early tax was designed to preserve imbalances in the structure of wealth and opportunity, rather than to ameliorate or abolish them, by strengthening the status quo against fundamental attacks by the political left and right. This book shows that the early course of income taxation was more clearly the product of centrist ideological agreement, despite occasional divergences, than of “conservative-liberal” allocative conflict.
The Income Tax, Incorporated, 1873-1881
Authors: Stanley Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1875 Karl Marx warned European leftists against any attempt to import income taxation into capitalist, pre-revolutionary society.1 Three years later, testifying before a congressional hearing investigating the causes of the deepening depression, William Graham Sumner, the most eminent rightist political economist of the time, told the committee: “I am in favor of an income tax as a matter of public finance.”2 Probably no fiction less congenial, less comprehensible to the views of historians who thought the income tax began in radicalism, could be constructed than the spectacle which ran its course during the depression years of the 1870s; no ghosts in the recesses of the democratic psyche could have been more troubling. There, in the midst of the worst economic crisis of the century, the principal actors in the legal drama seemed to have abandoned the predictable for a twilight world of farce. Given an opportunity to trumpet the tax as a powerful tool for meaningful social reform, leftist political groups either ignored it or simply acknowledged it as secondarily desirable. Faced with a chance finally to overcome the tyranny of high-tariff Northeastern “business” interests, much of the recently restored, rural South voted, delegation after delegation, to kill a new income tax bill in 1878. Rightist political economists who, like Sumner, aggressively argued for an end to statist capitalism found the tax a welcome tool; the nation’s foremost “conservative” jurist, Thomas
The Restoration, 1895-1913
Authors: Stanley Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Until the Pollock case, the roots of progressive federal income taxation ran deeply in centrist tradition. The tax was flexible and uniquely useful in defense of the status quo, because unlike currency, trusts, or tariff revision, and unlike labor after the AFL, it clearly spoke to the horizontal social lines of economic class rather than the narrower perimeters of interest groups. Its primary traditional justification-that those who benefited the most from the laws and the government should naturally pay the most in proportion to their income-was an extraordinary admission of the meaning of class in proximity to legal power.
The Evolution of Sexual Attraction: Evaluative Mechanisms in Women
Authors: Ellis Bruce J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For most sexually reproducing species all conspecifics of the other sex are not equally valuable as mates: that is, they differ in “mate value.” In many species selection has produced mechanisms to detect potential mates of high mate value. In other words, just as the taste of fruit varies with food value. in a natural setting, sexual attractiveness varies with mate value.
What do women find attractive in men? Many writers who have addressed this issue have concluded that female preferences are so diverse and idiosyncratic as to defy systematic explanation. I will argue, however, that general principles guiding female mate preferences can be discerned at the appropriate level of abstraction and that the evolution-based concept of “mate value” (Symons 1987a) provides a useful heuristic in this endeavor.
Evolved Responses to Landscapes
Authors: Orians Gordon H , Heerwagen Judith H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Evolutionary approaches to aesthetics are based on the postulate that emotional responses, because they are such powerful motivators of human behavior, could not have evolved unless the behavior they evoked contributed positively, on average, to survival and reproductive success. This is why sugar is sweet and sexual activity is fun. Those of our ancestors who found consuming carbohydrates and engaging in inter course enjoyable left more surviving descendants than those individuals who were not motivated to engage in those behaviors. Thus, an evolutionary biologist studies the actions evoked by emotional states to determine why those emotions had survival value. This is not to say that the behaviors stimulated by those emotions are always useful. Curiosity does, so we are told, sometimes kill cats. Nonetheless we believe that cats lacking curiosity fail to learn enough about their environments to function in them as well as their more curious brethren, even though being curious sometimes has unfortunate consequences.
Evolution of Infectious Disease
Authors: Ewald Paul W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ewald is the first author to present a Darwinian perspective on infectious disease, which opens up a whole new approach to health science, one that emphasizes new possibilities for combatting deadly diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, and AIDS. Taking an evolutionary approach, Ewald views disease-producing bacteria and viruses as parasites and explains the history of disease as a host-parasite relationship, one which can evolve in many different effects on the host population. He explains why the agents of cholera, malaria, and AIDS are so dangerous and why treatment of virtually all diseases would be improved by applications of evolutionary principles. This merging of evolutionary biology with health sciences offers a new dimension to policy-making in the health sciences by identifying interventions that will force infectious organisms to evolve toward a benign state, to subdue the plagues of the past and help us to avert the plagues of the future. A wholly readable account of an enthralling and important subject of concern to us all.
Between Prison and Probation
Authors: Morris Norval , Tonry Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this work two leading American criminologists argue that fundamental sentencing reforms are needed before the US corrections system can contend with an escalating crime rate. They recommend the adoption of intermediate punishments—community-based sanctions of increasing severity—which can fill the gap between costly and punitive incarceration currently reserved for a minority of convicted offenders and parole served by the majority of offenders. The authors first analyse the evolution of sentencing in America and consider why intermediate punishments successfully applied in other countries have failed in the US. The authors examine a range of intermediate punishments such as intensive probation, fines, community service orders, and drug treatment programmes, as well as the types of criminals they are applicable for, their enforceability and effectiveness, and the major objections to their use.
White City, Gray City
Authors: Fitzpatrick Ellen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The women who traveled to Chicago in the 1890s discovered a university full of vitality and ambition. Its newness gave the institution a special air. As a young graduate student wrote on the evening of Chicago’s opening in 1892: “In many ways the University of Chicago is wholly unique. It is at once an experiment and an assured success.” Her confidence was inspired by the combination of President William Rainey Harper’s mind and John D. Rockefeller’s money. One had only to observe professors who had eagerly traded the rarefied atmosphere of the intellectual East for the rawness of “pork packing” Chicago to sense that something momentous was afoot.
Anton Bruckner
Authors: Steinberg Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bruckner ‘s father, like his father before him, was schoolmaster in the village of Ansfelden. Before that, and as far back as the fourteenth century, the Bruckner’s had been farmers and laborers. Anton sang in the choir, was allowed to play the organ, and learned the rudiments of music from a cousin. In 1837, the year his father died, he was taken as a choirboy into the Augustinian monastery of Saint Florian, whose buildings, Austrian Baroque at its most splendid, dominate the countryside southeast of Linz. There the musician and the man gradually emerged.
Unintentional Injury
Authors: Baker Susan P , O’Neill Brian , Ginsburg Marvin J , Li Guohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Unintentional injuries cause about 100,000 deaths annually and are the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Table 4-1 shows the numbers of deaths from the 20 leading causes of unintentional injury death. Motor vehicle crashes, falls, poisoning, fires, and drowning cause more than three-fourths of all deaths from unintentional injuries.
Sports and Recreation
Authors: Baker Susan P , O’Neill Brian , Ginsburg Marvin J , Li Guohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sports and recreation are an important source of injuries and deaths, including the majority of drownings, many firearm fatalities, about 10 percent of all brain injuries (Kraus et al. 1984), 7 percent of spinal cord injuries (Kraus et al. 1975), and 13 percent of facial injuries treated in hospitals (Karlson 1983). Two important groups of recreational injuries, those related to swimming and bicycling, are addressed in Chapters 13 and 21, respectively. Motorcyling, which for many people is a form of recreation rather than transportation per se and which produces many injuries and deaths, is addressed in Chapter 20.
Asphyxiation by Choking and Suffocation
Authors: Baker Susan P , O’Neill Brian , Ginsburg Marvin J , Li Guohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The category “aspiration of food” includes not only asphyxiation by solid food but also the presence in the respiratory tract of regurgitated food. The latter phenomenon, which may occur in the last phases of dying from a variety of causes, accounts for three-fourths of all deaths coded as asphyxiation by food in the first year of life and half of such deaths among older children (Harris et al. 1984). In Georgia, death certificates for two-thirds of all food asphyxiation cases cited regurgitated food as the cause (Dabis et al. 1985).