bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zn(TFSI)2-Mediated Ring-Opening Polymerization for Electrolyte Engineering Toward Stable Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Liu Zhenjie , Xi Murong , Sheng Rui , Huang Yudai , Ding Juan , Tan Zhouliang , Li Jiapei , Zhang Wenjun , Wang Yonggang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Practical Zn metal batteries have been hindered by several challenges, including Zn dendrite growth, undesirable side reactions, and unstable electrode/electrolyte interface. These issues are particularly more serious in low-concentration electrolytes. Herein, we design a Zn salt-mediated electrolyte with in situ ring-opening polymerization of the small molecule organic solvent. The Zn(TFSI)2 salt catalyzes the ring-opening polymerization of (1,3-dioxolane (DOL)), generating oxidation-resistant and non-combustible long-chain polymer (poly(1,3-dioxolane) (pDOL)). The pDOL reduces the active H2O molecules in electrolyte and assists in forming stable organic–inorganic gradient solid electrolyte interphase with rich organic constituents, ZnO and ZnF2. The introduction of pDOL endows the electrolyte with several advantages: excellent Zn dendrite inhibition, improved corrosion resistance, widened electrochemical window (2.6 V), and enhanced low-temperature performance (freezing point =  − 34.9 °C). Zn plating/stripping in pDOL-enhanced electrolyte lasts for 4200 cycles at 99.02% Coulomb efficiency and maintains a lifetime of 8200 h. Moreover, Zn metal anodes deliver stable cycling for 2500 h with a high Zn utilization of 60%. A Zn//VO2 pouch cell assembled with lean electrolyte (electrolyte/capacity (E/C = 41 mL (Ah)−1) also demonstrates a capacity retention ratio of 92% after 600 cycles. These results highlight the promising application prospects of practical Zn metal batteries enabled by the Zn(TFSI)2-mediated electrolyte engineering.
Evaluation of stability, optical properties, and thermal performance of innovative TiO2/FeVO4 Ethylene Glycol hybrid nanofluids
Authors: Mostafa Eman M. , El-Sherif Rabab M. , Noemy Eman S. , Hammam Rania E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The effectiveness of direct absorption solar collectors (DASCs) is limited due to the low photothermal conversion efficiency and poor heat transfer qualities of traditional fluids. One potential solution to address this problem is the development of innovative technologies to enhance the solar absorption ability and thermal conductivity of conventional fluids. New generation nanofluids where nanosized particles are dispersed in base fluids like water or ethylene glycol (EG) have attracted interest within diverse solar technologies owing to their superior optical and thermal properties. This study presents a novel TiO2/FeVO4/Ethylene glycol (TFV/EG) nanofluid which exhibits significant solar absorption and thermal stability characteristics. A thorough characterization of the samples was conducted utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman Spectroscopy, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The stability, optical and rheological characteristics of TFV nanofluids were also examined. The study’s outcomes indicated that the integration of TFV nanoparticles into ethylene glycol (EG) markedly improved its optical absorption, especially at a concentration of 0.8 g/l TFV, which demonstrated robust absorption in the UV-visible light spectrum. Long-term stability assessments indicated sedimentation for all TFV concentrations following 65 days. A substantial 270% enhancement in thermal conductivity in comparison to EG base fluid was noted at 0.8 g/l TFV reaching 0.83 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹. All nanofluids exhibited shear-thinning behavior, a hallmark of non-Newtonian fluids. The suggested TFV/EG represents a notable category of nanofluids that exhibited improved thermal performance and stability, rendering them very advantageous for efficient DASCs.
Can school gardens contribute to resilient communities from a scientific and eco-social perspective in early childhood education?
Authors: Aragón Lourdes , Manzano Beatriz Erdozain 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The use of school gardens in Spain has proliferated significantly since the 1990s. School gardens are learning spaces that have a high educational potential in different areas of knowledge. They represent an opportunity to create greener school environments, mainly in urban areas, allowing students to connect with nature, caring for and conserving the environment, become familiar with the origin of food, and use natural resources responsibly from an early age. In this study, diagnostic research is conducted from a quantitative and qualitative approach. A questionnaire containing 45 close-ended multiple-choice questions and nine open-ended questions is employed. A total of 21 urban schools that use gardens in early childhood education participate. The level of resilience is determined by three indicators (environmental, economic, and social) to which a curriculum dimension is added to assess the use of the school garden from a scientific and eco-social perspective. The results reveal school gardens are valuable spaces to transform urban environments, and contribute to creating resilient communities in response to current challenges. In general, school gardens seem to show a variable level of resilience in which a medium level predominates. Weaknesses are mainly identified in the environmental and social dimensions, and should be addressed in initial and continuing teacher training.
Healthcare financialisation in the Global South: examining the role of the World Bank Group in promoting public private partnerships in health in Africa
Authors: Chukwuma Julia Ngozi , Romero María José , Van Waeyenberge Elisa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In recent development policy discourse, an ambition to deliver comprehensive healthcare to all citizens in the Global South via publicly financed provisioning systems has been replaced by calls for universal health coverage (UHC). At the heart of today’s promotion of UHC in the Global South is a strategy to involve private actors as providers and financiers of healthcare. This is presented as an apt approach to overcome an acute financing gap to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 3 on attaining UHC. As part of these efforts, public private partnerships (PPPs) are celebrated as an efficient way of mobilising private sector resources and expertise, including in Africa. The World Bank Group (WBG), as a lead actor in international development, is at the forefront of promoting such a policy solution, despite mounting evidence of the pernicious implications of the increased prevalence of health PPPs across both Global North and South. Our contribution to this Special Issue on healthcare financialisation is twofold. First, we demonstrate how health PPPs can act as vehicles of healthcare financialisation, posing significant threats to equitable healthcare delivery. Second, we examine the WBG’s role in promoting health PPPs in Africa. By doing so, we shed light on the ways in which health PPPs can serve as an important channel for the advancement of financial actors, instruments and practices in national healthcare systems. The WBG’s use of diverse tools in support of health PPPs significantly impacts African healthcare systems, highlighting the scope for ‘financialisation by development policies’.
Moment property and positivity for some algebras of fractions
Authors: Scheiderer Claus , Schmüdgen Konrad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
T. M. Bisgaard [1] proved that the

$$*$$

∗

-algebra

$$\mathbb {C}[z,\overline{z},z^{-1},\overline{z}^{-1}]$$

C
[
z
,

z
¯

,

z

-
1

,

z
¯

-
1

]

has the moment property, that is, each positive linear functional on this

$$*$$

∗

-algebra is a moment functional. We generalize this result to polynomials in d variables

$$z_1,\dots ,z_d.$$

z
1

,
⋯
,

z
d

.

We prove that there exist

$$3d-2$$

3
d
-
2

linear polynomials as denominators such that the corresponding

$$*$$

∗

-algebra has the moment property, while for 3 linear polynomials in case

$$d=2$$

d
=
2

the moment property always fails. Further, it is shown that for the real algebras

$$\mathbb {R}[x,y,\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}]$$

R
[
x
,
y
,

1

x
2

+

y
2

]

(the hermitean part of

$$\mathbb {C}[z,\overline{z},z^{-1},\overline{z}^{-1}]$$

C
[
z
,

z
¯

,

z

-
1

,

z
¯

-
1

]

) and

$$\mathbb {R}[x,y,\frac{x^2}{x^2+y^2},\frac{xy}{x^2+y^2}]$$

R
[
x
,
y
,

x
2

x
2

+

y
2

,

xy

x
2

+

y
2

]

, all positive semidefinite elements are sums of squares. These results are used to prove that for the semigroup

$$*$$

∗

-algebras of

$$\mathbb {Z}^2$$

Z

2

,

$$\mathbb {N}_0\times \mathbb {Z}$$

N
0

×
Z

and

$${\textsf{N}}_+:=\{(k,n)\in \mathbb {Z}^2:k+n\ge 0\}$$

N
+

:
=

{

(
k
,
n
)

∈

Z

2

:
k
+
n
≥
0
}

, all positive semidefinite elements are sums of hermitean squares.
Battery pack technological considerations for hybrid-electric regional aircraft feasibility
Authors: Spinelli A. , Krupa G.P. , Kipouros T. , Laskaridis P. , Berseneff B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a study of the effects of the durability and level of energy storage technology on energy management strategies and the performance of hybrid electric turboprops. The results highlight the key role of battery energy density on the durability of the battery pack and the viability of the concept of hybrid electric aircraft. Additionally, the trade-off between zero-day environmental compatibility and battery lifetime is identified, caused by the size of the pack. The effective energy density would decrease with the aging of the cells, leaving a significant inert mass and increasing fuel consumption. Optimal energy management strategies are suggested in light of this new information. Higher specific energy of the pack would mitigate this aspect, along with a reduction in fuel consumption and

${\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{x}}}$

emissions. Indeed, the improvement of environmental compatibility was found to be nonlinear with a positive rate, suggesting high returns in investing in great improvements in energy density over a gradual increase. This result relates to the results of the statistical technological forecast presented in this study, which, without an increase in funding, predicts the availability of the specific energy required to match the fuel-only baseline in the 2040–2050 decade.
The Fast Rise of Populist Radical Right Parties: Evidence from the Alliance for the Union of Romanians
Authors: Armeanu Oana I. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
How did the new Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) obtain 9% of the vote in the 2020 Romanian general elections? This article explores the fast rise of populist radical right (PRR) parties by examining the support for the AUR at the locality level in Romania during the coronavirus crisis. The AUR's discourse combined populism, nationalism and anti-masking rhetoric. The findings show great variation across the 3,181 localities, from 0% to 50% support for the AUR, and highlight the significant influence of local cultural and political factors, while economic explanations were not confirmed. The vote for the AUR was high in localities with low ethnic diversity and low voter turnout. This research underscores that national-level explanations obscure important dynamics of PRR support that take place at the subnational level. The rise of the AUR is important beyond the Romanian and European contexts and emphasizes the significance of local responses to global crises.
Dearborn English: an ethnolinguistic repertoire for MENA Americans
Authors: Sheydaei Iman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study explores some consonantal and vowel features of the variety of American English spoken in Dearborn, MI. Recent research shows that Dearborners recognize their English variety as distinct. Past studies on Dearborn English have primarily focused on vowel patterns, while some emerging sociolinguistic work has paid attention to the consonantal features. The present study contributes to this emerging literature by presenting a preliminary analysis of some consonantal features of Dearborn English in addition to a description of its vowel pattern. To do so, the speech of MENA Americans in Dearborn has been compared to that of non-Dearborner MENA Americans from the US Upper Midwest. The results show that pre-vocalic word-final /t/ glottalization, convergence of voice onset time of lenis and fortis members of bilabial and velar stops, shorter Euclidean distances for vowels, and a vowel pattern not consistent with local patterns could be parts of an ethnolinguistic repertoire for Dearborners.
Large deviation principle for slow-fast rough differential equations via controlled rough paths
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Xu Yong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We prove a large deviation principle for the slow-fast rough differential equations (RDEs) under the controlled rough path (RP) framework. The driver RPs are lifted from the mixed fractional Brownian motion (FBM) with Hurst parameter

$H\in (1/3,1/2)$

. Our approach is based on the continuity of the solution mapping and the variational framework for mixed FBM. By utilizing the variational representation, our problem is transformed into a qualitative property of the controlled system. In particular, the fast RDE coincides with Itô stochastic differential equation (SDE) almost surely, which possesses a unique invariant probability measure with frozen slow component. We then demonstrate the weak convergence of the controlled slow component by averaging with respect to the invariant measure of the fast equation and exploiting the continuity of the solution mapping.
The Contribution of Uganda's Constitutional Court Petition No 16 Judgment to the Right of Access to Quality Emergency Obstetric Care under International Law
Authors: Maravall-Buckwalter Isabel , Dubin Adam David , Durojaye Ebenezer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
On 19 August 2020, the Constitutional Court of Uganda handed down a landmark judgment on maternal health rights in Uganda. This judgment held that the State of Uganda was responsible for violating the right to health, non-discrimination, life and inhuman and degrading treatment of women under international law and Ugandan constitutional law for its failure by omission to provide basic emergency obstetric care in public facilities. This article examines the contribution of the Constitutional Petition No 16 judgment to the strengthening of women's reproductive health rights. By rejecting the “lack of resources” defence when complying with minimum core obligations under progressive realization in the provision of emergency obstetric services, the court makes an important contribution to the limited but growing body of jurisprudence holding governments accountable for a failure to ensure the protection of women's sexual and reproductive rights at both domestic and international levels.
Phylogeography of Pennella (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Pennellidae) indicates interoceanic dispersal mediated by cetacean and fish hosts
Authors: Ten Sofía , Pool Rachel Vanessa , Raga Juan Antonio , Sweet Andrew D. , Aznar Francisco Javier 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Copepods of the genus Pennella parasitize a wide range of marine animals, including cetaceans, teleosts, and cephalopods worldwide. Their taxonomy is unclear, as there is incongruence between morphological and genetic data and incomplete species coverage. This study provides new morphological and genetic (COI) data from 23 specimens of Pennella cf. filosa (syn. P. balaenoptera) from western Mediterranean whales and a swordfish. First, their position in the phylogeny of Pennella was assessed and species delimitation revisited using all available Pennella COI sequences (n = 189), obtained from Mediterranean and north Pacific specimens from 18 host species (including multiple cetaceans and teleosts). Second, it was investigated whether the geographic location, degree of host vagility, or host taxonomic identity help explain genetic differentiation. Five distinct haplotype groups with varying genetic divergence were distinguished. Although the presence of sibling species cannot be ruled out, species delimitation methods could not find interspecific genetic differences, leaving the taxonomy of the genus unresolved. The observed genetic differentiation could not be attributed to geography or host type. This suggests that members of the genus Pennella show low specificity for definitive hosts and interoceanic dispersal mediated by some vagile definitive hosts. The use of more genetic markers for addressing these questions in the future is encouraged.
Syntactic Structural Development in Chinese deaf Children Aged 4–7 Years with Cochlear Implants
Authors: Wu Yan , Wang Yang , Chen Ying , Huang Jian , Wang Suiping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using the syntactic priming paradigm, this study investigated abstract syntactic knowledge of Chinese transitive structures (i.e., subject-verb-object [SVO], BA, and BEI) in deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs). Specifically, we focused on the differences in the development of various syntactic structures (within CI children and compared with their typically hearing children) and the possible individual differences during this process. Results showed that both CI and hearing children exhibited structural priming for all syntactic structures (i.e., SVO, SbaOV structure [agent-patient ordering], and ObeiSV structure [patient-agent ordering]) after comprehending and repeating the prime sentence regardless of verb repetition. However, verb repetition induced an intense abstract priming effect in CI children but not hearing children, with the lexical boost effect more significant for SVO and BA structures. In addition, CI children’s working memory capability modulated the production of the BA structure but not SVO and BEI structures.
Neoadjuvant pyrotinib and trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer with no early response (NeoPaTHer): efficacy, safety and biomarker analysis of a prospective, multicentre, response-adapted study
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Yongjiu , Xiong Bin , Yang Zhenlin , Wang Jingfen , Yao Yumin , Yu Lixiang , Fu Qinye , Li Liang , Zhang Qiang , Zheng Chao , Huang Shuya , Liu Liyuan , Liu Chun , Sun Huaibo , Mao Beibei , Liu Dong-Xu , Yu Zhigang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The potential benefits of pyrotinib for patients with trastuzumab-insensitive, HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer remain unclear. This prospective, multicentre, response-adapted study evaluated the efficacy and safety of adding pyrotinib to the neoadjuvant treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer patients with a poor response to initial docetaxel plus carboplatin and trastuzumab (TCbH). Early response was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after two cycles of treatment. Patients showing poor response, as defined by RECIST 1.1, could opt to receive additional pyrotinib or continue standard therapy. The primary endpoint was the total pathological complete response (tpCR; ypT0/isN0) rate. Of the 129 patients enroled, 62 (48.1%) were identified as MRI-responders (cohort A), 26 non-responders continued with four more cycles of TCbH (cohort B), and 41 non-responders received additional pyrotinib (cohort C). The tpCR rate was 30.6% (95% CI: 20.6–43.0%) in cohort A, 15.4% (95% CI: 6.2–33.5%) in cohort B, and 29.3% (95% CI: 17.6–44.5%) in cohort C. Multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated comparable odds of achieving tpCR between cohorts A and C (odds ratio = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.40–2.70). No new adverse events were observed with the addition of pyrotinib. Patients with co-mutations of TP53 and PIK3CA exhibited lower rates of early partial response compared to those without or with a single gene mutation (36.0% vs. 60.0%, P = 0.08). These findings suggest that adding pyrotinib may benefit patients who do not respond to neoadjuvant trastuzumab plus chemotherapy. Further investigation is warranted to identify biomarkers predicting patients’ benefit from the addition of pyrotinib.
Effective doses received by the gastrointestinal tract compartments of adults due to food intake in Egypt
Authors: Abdalbasit Yasmine , Salahel Din Khaled , Abbady Abdelbaset , Saad Nagwa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

226Ra, 232Th, and 40K levels in various foods frequently consumed by Egyptians were determined using a gamma-ray spectrometer based on the germanium detector (HPGe). Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were in the range of < 0.10 to 0.79 ± 0.07, < 0.09 to 0.42 ± 0.04, and < 1.96 to 89.73 ± 2.96 Bq/kg, respectively. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) model was employed to estimate the effective doses received by the different parts of the adult’s gastrointestinal tract, i.e., stomach (ST), small intestine (SI), upper large intestine (ULI), and lower large intestine (LLI), due to the ingestion of the analyzed foods. This estimation was based on mathematical calculations of the energy absorbed by organs due to transformations of ingested radionuclides. The effective doses (μSv/y) received by each compartment were 8.86 (ST), 8.76 (SI), 66.90 (ULI), and 176.76 (LLI). The results do not exceed the safe thresholds set by global organizations UNSCEAR and WHO, 290 and 250–400 μSv/y, respectively. Therefore, radionuclide intakes due to investigated food consumption do not pose any significant radiological impact.
Generation of IgM+ B cell-deficient Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated IgM knockout
Authors: Raudstein Mari , Peñaranda Ma. Michelle D. , Kjærner-Semb Erik , Grove Søren , Morton H. Craig , Edvardsen Rolf Brudvik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Infectious diseases pose significant challenges to Norwegian Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Vaccines are critical for disease prevention; however, a deeper understanding of the immune system is essential to improve vaccine efficacy. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the main antibody involved in the systemic immune response of teleosts, including Atlantic salmon. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knock out the two IgM genes in Atlantic salmon. High-throughput sequencing revealed an average mutagenesis efficiency of 97% across both loci, with a predominance of frameshift mutations (78%). Gene expression analyses demonstrated significantly reduced membrane-bound IgM mRNA levels in head kidney and spleen tissues. Flow cytometry revealed a 78% reduction in IgM+ B cells in peripheral blood, and Western blot analyses showed decreased IgM protein levels in serum. Notably, an upregulation of IgT mRNA was observed, suggesting a potential compensatory mechanism. This work presents the first application of CRISPR/Cas9 to disrupt an immune-related gene in the F0 generation of Atlantic salmon, and lays the foundation for generating a model completely lacking IgM+ B cells which can be used to study the role of B cells and antibodies. This study has implications for advancing immune research in teleosts and for developing strategies to improve salmon health and welfare in aquaculture.