bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Diffusion of Chloride Ions in Blended Cement Pastes
Authors: Zhuravel Vitalii , Rucińska Teresa , Borziak Olga 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen exposed to aggressive environments containing chlorides, the chlorine ion partially binds to the usual Portland cement mortar and changes its mineralogy. Chlorine ions entering the system displace sulfate from the monosulfoaluminate. Such systems form Kusel's salt at low chloride concentrations and Friedel's salt at higher concentrations. Unbound chloride ions remain dangerous for reinforcing steel, which diffuse deep into the concrete and destroy the passivating layer on the reinforcement. To assess the protective properties of concrete in relation to metal reinforcement, it is proposed to investigate the process of displacement of the diffusion front in cement composites of various compositions. It is also important to study changes in such characteristics as porosity and filtration properties, which significantly affect the penetration depth of an aggressive medium. The study of the structure, mineral and chemical composition is carried out in layers.
Sutracrete ‐ressourcenschonender, nachverfolgbarer Beton
Authors: Tretau Anne , Linß Elske , Walz Jurij , Severins Katrin , Gula Nikita 
Published: December 2023

KurzfassungZiel des Projektes ist es, durch ein mikrostrukturbasiertes Design einen nachhaltigen, nachverfolgbaren Beton „Sutracrete” herzustellen. Der Sutracrete soll durch die Wiederverwertung von Mauerwerksbruch in Form von Ziegelmehl und Ziegelgesteinskörnung hergestellt werden. Die Entwicklung soll auf rezklierten Ziegelvarietäten basieren, die durch eine hyperspektrale Sortierung sehr viel effizienter und stoffspezifisch verwertet werden könnten. Durch das neuartige Sortierverfahren wird erstmalig die Trennung zwischen niedriggebrannten, reaktiven Ziegelmehl und hochgebrannter, nicht reaktiver Ziegelgesteinskörnung möglich. Durch das mikrostrukturbasierte Design werden die Eigenschaften gezielt genutzt. In der Energieforschung sind der Ressourceneinsatz des Massenbaustoffs Beton und der damit verbundene Primärenergieeinsatz untrennbar. Kritische und weltweit stark nachgefragte Rohstoffe werden durch Ziegelmaterialien substituiert. Für die Herstellung des Sutracrete ergeben sich ein geringerer Gesamtenergieverbrauch im Vergleich zu Primärbaustoffen und damit eine Minderung der Treibhausgasemissionen. Der Einsatz von Markern ermöglicht erstmals die physikalische Korrelation zwischen Baumaterialien und einem in einer Datenbank hinterlegten digitalen Zwilling bzw. „Material Passport“.
Zeolite for Increasing the Compressive Strength of Adobe in the Historical Site of Belqis
Authors: Keshtan Reza Hoseini , Emami Mohammadamin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract“Belqis” is a historical and archeological site located in Khourasan province in northeast of Iran close to the city of Esfarayen. This study was conducted to consider the composition of the soil used to make the adobe in these structures, which has been exposed to deterioration processes followed by accelerate erosion. In response to this problem, Zeolite was used as an additive to improve soil quality. The finegrained soil texture is full of sand and silt with small amounts of clay. Zeolites has been used in the study in the form of granules (maximum 5 mm). X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) used to define chemical composition and crystalline phase. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for Determination surface characteristics and morphology. The presence of sand in the soil of the region and its decrease in adhesion is the reason for the decrease the compressive strength of clay. The results showed that the amount of 6% zeolite is most effective in improving the compressive strength of adobe. This amount of zeolite increases the compressive strength of clay compared to the samples without zeolite.
Dimensional changes of adhesive mortars under tile
Authors: Kupiński Marcin , Kotwica Łukasz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh shrinkage of tile adhesive is believed to be a technological flaw, leading to the risk of faulty tile fixing. As in real‐life conditions, there is a very limited possibility of mortar movement under tile, the shrinkage/expansion‐induced stress could be created, which needs to be absorbed by the mortar. The significance of the problem increases with the tile size. On contrary, the length changes of such materials are usually measured on the prisms which reflects neither the application thickness nor the real‐life curing conditions of the mortar.In this paper, we are aiming to measure tile adhesives' length change potential in simulated real‐life conditions. The test set‐up involves a Thin‐Layer‐Shrinkage‐Measuring‐System allowing for the examination of flat rectangular samples of 350x350 mm in size and several millimeters of thickness. Dimensional changes were measured in situ by the laser sensors. Additionally, the weight changes were monitored over the whole measurement. The obtained results were juxtaposed with the shrinkage measured on the prisms.The paper provides valuable insights into the dimensional changes of tile adhesives in real‐life applications. Obtained results challenge the conventional measurements done on prisms stored in ambient conditions.
A nuclear configuration interaction approach to study nuclear spin effects: an application to ortho‐ and para‐3He2@C60
Authors: Moncada Félix , Quintero William , Posada Edwin , Pettersson Lars G. M. , Reyes Andrés 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe introduce a non‐orthogonal configuration interaction approach to investigate nuclear quantum effects on energies and densities of confined fermionic nuclei. The Hamiltonian employed draws parallels between confined systems and many‐electron atoms, where effective non‐Coulombic potentials represent the interactions of the trapped particles. One advantage of this method is its generality, as it offers the potential to study the nuclear quantum effects of various confined species affected by effective isotropic or anisotropic potentials. As a first application, we analyze the quantum states of two 3He atoms encapsulated in C60. At the Hartree–Fock level, we observe the breaking of spin and spatial symmetries. To ensure wavefunctions with the correct symmetries, we mix the broken‐symmetry Hartree–Fock states within the non‐orthogonal configuration interaction expansion. Our proposed approach predicts singly and triply degenerate ground states for the singlet (para‐3He2@C60) and triplet (ortho‐3He2@C60) nuclear spin configurations, respectively. The ortho‐3He2@C60 ground state is 5.69 cm−1 higher in energy than the para‐3He2@C60 ground state. The nuclear densities obtained for these states exhibit the icosahedral symmetry of the C60 embedding potential. Importantly, our calculated energies for the lowest 85 states are in close agreement with perturbation theory results based on a harmonic oscillator plus rigid rotor model of 3He2@C60.
Evidence‐based treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder decreases suicidal ideation by reducing perceived burdensomeness among veterans in an outpatient program
Authors: Blain Rachel C. , Martin Colleen E. , Ehlinger Carolina C. , Chard Kathleen M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEvidenced‐based posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments generally reduce suicidal ideation (SI), and the interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS) may theoretically account for this finding. The ITS posits that SI stems from feeling like a burden (i.e., perceived burdensomeness) and a lack of belonging (i.e., thwarted belongingness). Previous research suggests that change in PTSD severity has a significant indirect effect on change in SI through changes in perceived burdensomeness, but not thwarted belongingness, among patients receiving residential PTSD treatment in a Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center; however, no research has investigated these associations in an outpatient VA setting with fewer confounding factors that might affect ITS constructs. Therefore, the current sample included veterans (N = 126) who completed PTSD treatment and pre‐ and posttreatment assessments in a VA outpatient clinic. Results from parallel models of multiple indirect effects suggest that change in PTSD severity was indirectly associated with change in SI through changes in perceived burdensomeness, B = 0.35, p < .001; β = .36, p < .001, SE = .10, 95% CI [.15, .54], but not thwarted belongingness, B = 0.14, p = .146; β = .14, p = .161, SE = .10, 95% CI [−.05, .33]. Additional models were examined using PTSD cluster scores for exploratory purposes. The results indicate that PTSD treatment reduces the perceived and objective burden of PTSD to decrease SI. Study findings support the importance of access to evidence‐based care to treat PTSD and alleviate burdensomeness for suicide prevention.
Building and evaluating prospective scenarios for corn-based biorefineries
Authors: Matos Jullyana Souza , Justi Ana Clara Alves , Souza Roney Fraga , de Carvalho Miranda Júlio Cesar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlobal warming and increasing environmental pollution have become global concerns that, coupled with the scarcity of traditional forms of energy, have motivated the implementation of more sustainable production systems, such as biorefineries. This is because biorefineries are capable of integrating technologies and processes in a single facility, generating biofuels, value-added chemicals, and energy. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the bioproducts and emergent technologies surrounding the processing of corn into bioethanol and refined oil. A bibliometric analysis he was carried out in order to construct and evaluate prospective scenarios related to corn biorefineries. An analysis of the proposed layouts highlighted flexibility in the production process, given that one raw material could be transformed into various bioproducts. Thus, the results presented provide a bibliographic foundation for future studies on integrating residues-processes-products in corn processing. The reason for this is that the technological routes presented could be considered incremental innovations to develop a biorefinery, which takes place gradually, given that highly integrated biorefineries are highly complex.
Double transplanting of rice as a contingency approach to escape climate change impacts
Authors: Biswas Saikat , Das Rupa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRice cultivation is highly affected in many parts of the world due to climate change impacts such as unwanted heavy rains, delays in the onset of the rainy season as well as any other means. DuringBoro(November–December to May–June) season also, due to the late vacation of the main field by the winter crop, seedling transplanting is often delayed. The establishment of overaged seedlings is a great challenge faced by small and marginal rice growers in lowland areas resulting in high yield loss. To counter the challenge as well as to get yield advantage, the traditional double transplanting method is gaining popularity again as a contingency approach to mitigate climate change effects. This method allows flexibility in transplanting date as well as produces tall, robust, and healthy seedlings which get established well in the main field as compared to single transplanting of same-aged seedlings. Various research indicated the benefits of double transplanting under unsuitable situations for single transplanting. Still, there are some gaps regarding its wide-scale acceptance. High labor cost involvement, lack of land for nursery preparation, long crop growth period, etc. sometimes make this method difficult to be implemented practically. However, considering the yield advantage and economic profitability provided by this method, it can address the climate change issue and help small and marginal farmers in rice cultivation. Further research works for standardization of agro-techniques and development and section of suitable varieties specific to agro-climatic region can make this method highly sustainable.
Not that basic: how level, design, and context matter for the redistributive outcomes of universal basic income
Authors: Aerts Elise , Marx Ive , Verbist Gerlinde 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Proponents of a basic income (BI) claim that, on top of many other benefits, it could bring significant reductions in financial poverty. Using microsimulation analysis in a comparative two-country setting, we show that the potential poverty-reducing impact of BI strongly depends on exactly how and where it is implemented. Implementing a BI requires far more choices than advocates seem to realise. The level at which a BI is set matters, but its exact specification matters even more. The impact of a BI, be it a low or a high one, also strongly depends on the characteristics of the system that it is (partially) replacing or complementing, as well as the socio-economic context in which it is introduced. Some versions of BI could potentially help to reduce poverty but always at a significant cost and with substantial sections of the population incurring significant losses, which matters for political feasibility. A partial BI complementing existing provisions appears to make more potential sense than a full BI replacing them. The simplicity of BI, however, tends to be vastly overstated.
Kisspeptin stimulates sheep ovarian follicular development in vitro through homologous receptors
Authors: Divya Sri B. , Harsha Lekha S. , Reddy K. Narendra Gopal , Pathipati Deepa , Rambabu Naik B. , Jagapathy Ramayya P. , Veera Bramhaiah K. , Varaprasad Reddy L.S.S. , Siva Kumar A.V.N. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe present study was conducted to elucidate (1) the influence of kisspeptin (KP) on the in vitro development of preantral follicles (PFs) and (2) evolution of KP receptor gene (KISS1R) expression during ovarian follicular development in sheep. Kisspeptin was supplemented (0–100 µg/ml) in the culture medium of PFs for 6 days. The cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) from cultured PFs were subsequently matured to metaphase II (MII) for an additional 24 h. The proportions of PFs exhibiting growth, antrum formation, average increase in diameter, and maturation of oocytes to MII stage were the indicators of follicular development in vitro. The expression of the kisspeptin receptor gene at each development stages of in vivo developed (preantral, early antral, antral, large antral and COCs from Graafian follicles) and in vitro cultured PFs supplemented with KP was assessed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The best development in all the parameters under study was elicited with 10 µg/ml of KP. Supplementation of KP (10 µg/ml) in a medium containing other growth factors (insulin-like growth factor-I) and hormones (growth hormone, thyroxine, follicle-stimulating hormone) resulted in better PF development. The KISS1R gene was expressed in follicular cells and oocytes at all the development stages of both in vivo developed and in vitro cultured follicles. Higher KISS1R gene expression was supported by culture medium containing KP along with other hormones and growth factors. Accordingly, it is suggested that one of the mechanisms through which KP and other growth factors and hormones influence the ovarian follicular development in mammals is through the upregulation of expression of the KP receptor gene.
A Rights Turn in Biodiversity Litigation?
Authors: Rodríguez-Garavito César , Boyd David R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBased on an original database of 49 rights-based biodiversity (RBB) lawsuits filed around the world, this article hypothesizes that rights-based norms and institutions are becoming increasingly important in legal challenges aimed at biodiversity protection. We explain retrospectively the antecedents and characterize early RBB litigation by constructing a typology of cases and legal arguments that litigants and courts have used to establish the connection between biodiversity and rights protection. We then, prospectively, draw on our RBB case database and the trajectory of human rights and climate change (HRCC) litigation to anticipate likely trends, opportunities, and obstacles for future RBB cases. We posit that future RBB cases will build on the foundations laid by pioneering RBB cases, will apply lessons from HRCC litigation, and will systematically frame biodiversity loss as a rights issue.
Novel urine cell-free DNA methylation markers for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lin Selena Y. , Xia Wei , Kim Amy K. , Chen Dion , Schleyer Shelby , Choi Lin , Wang Zhili , Hamilton James P. , Luu Harry , Hann Hie-Won , Chang Ting-Tsung , Hu Chi-Tan , Woodard Abashai , Gade Terence P. , Su Ying-Hsiu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn optimized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-targeted methylation next generation sequencing assay was developed to discover HCC-associated methylation markers directly from urine for HCC screening. Urine cell-free DNA (ucfDNA) isolated from a discovery cohort of 31 non-HCC and 30 HCC was used for biomarker discovery, identifying 29 genes with differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Methylation-specific qPCR (MSqPCR) assays were developed to verify the selected DMRs corresponding to 8 genes (GRASP, CCND2, HOXA9, BMP4, VIM, EMX1, SFRP1, and ECE). Using archived ucfDNA, methylation of GRASP, HOXA9, BMP4, and ECE1, were found to be significantly different (p < 0.05) between HCC and non-HCC patients. The four markers together with previously reported GSTP1 and RASSF1A markers were assessed as a 6-marker panel in an independent training cohort of 87 non-HCC and 78 HCC using logistic regression modeling. AUROC of 0.908 (95% CI, 0.8656–0.9252) was identified for the 6-marker panel with AFP, which was significantly higher than AFP-alone (AUROC 0.841 (95% CI, 0.778–0.904), p = 0.0026). Applying backward selection method, a 4-marker panel was found to exhibit similar performance to the 6-marker panel with AFP having 80% sensitivity compared to 29.5% by AFP-alone at a specificity of 85%. This study supports the potential use of methylated transrenal ucfDNA for HCC screening.
Change of dominant material properties in laser perforation process with high-energy lasers up to 120 kilowatt
Authors: Reich Stefan , Goesmann Marcel , Heunoske Dominic , Schäffer Sebastian , Lueck Martin , Wickert Matthias , Osterholz Jens 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn laser materials processing, energy losses due to reflection, heat conduction and thermal radiation play an important role. In this publication, we show that with increasing laser intensity, the energy lost within the sample becomes less important for metal perforation processes. We compare the laser-matter interaction of aluminum and steel plates. Material parameters such as density, melting point and especially thermal conductivity differ strongly, leading to much longer perforation times for aluminum in comparison to steel at laser powers of 20 kW. However, this behavior changes at laser powers of more than 80 kW where the perforation times of aluminum become shorter than the corresponding times for steel. By comparing experimental data and simulations, we conclude that thermal conduction is the dominant factor of energy loss at low powers, but is reduced at high laser powers.
RefCap: image captioning with referent objects attributes
Authors: Park Seokmok , Paik Joonki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, significant progress has been made in visual-linguistic multi-modality research, leading to advancements in visual comprehension and its applications in computer vision tasks. One fundamental task in visual-linguistic understanding is image captioning, which involves generating human-understandable textual descriptions given an input image. This paper introduces a referring expression image captioning model that incorporates the supervision of interesting objects. Our model utilizes user-specified object keywords as a prefix to generate specific captions that are relevant to the target object. The model consists of three modules including: (i) visual grounding, (ii) referring object selection, and (iii) image captioning modules. To evaluate its performance, we conducted experiments on the RefCOCO and COCO captioning datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method effectively generates meaningful captions aligned with users’ specific interests.
Primäre und sekundäre Lebertumore
Authors: Mansour Nabeel , Seidensticker Max , Heimer Maurice M. 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Leber kann von verschiedenen Malignomen betroffen sein. Bei gewissen Risikofaktoren steigt die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Entwicklung von lebereigenen Tumoren (primären Lebertumoren) an. Die häufigsten Tumormanifestationen sind allerdings sekundär durch Metastasen bedingt. Zwischen den verschiedenen zur Verfügung stehenden radiologischen Modalitäten bestehen in der Detektion und Charakterisierung von Leberläsionen relevante Unterschiede. Dabei werden konventioneller und kontrastmittelverstärkter Ultraschall (CEUS), Computertomografie (CT) und die Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) routinehaft eingesetzt. Diese Diagnostikmethoden weisen dabei im gegenseitigen Vergleich Vor- und Nachteile auf. Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist es, die Rolle der einzelnen Modalitäten, häufige Bildmerkmale und die Rolle der unterschiedlichen Kontrastmittel in der Diagnostik von primären und sekundären Lebertumoren zusammenzufassen.
Kronen-Wurzelfrakturen lateraler Inzisivi – Erhaltung von
vitalen und avitalen permanenten Zähnen durch kombinierte
kieferorthopädisch-endodontische Therapie
Authors: Krohn Sebastian , Widbiller Matthias , Klinke Rebecca , Paddenberg Eva 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungIn der Therapie dentaler Traumata ist die definitive Behandlungsmethode unter
Berücksichtigung restaurativer, endodontischer und parodontaler Aspekte
zu wählen. Kronen-Wurzelfrakturen sind zwar vergleichsweise selten,
stellen dabei aufgrund des charakteristischen Frakturverlaufs jedoch eine
besondere Herausforderung dar. In der Trauma-Versorgung sollte der Zahnerhalt
einen hohen Stellenwert einnehmen, da häufig bleibende
Frontzähne junger Patientinnen und Patienten vor Abschluss des
knöchernen Wachstums betroffen sind. Im Rahmen der
Primärversorgung sollten Maßnahmen eingeleitet werden, um die
definitive Therapie unter entzündungsfreien
Parodontal-Verhältnissen durchführen zu können. In den
vorliegenden Falldarstellungen wird die Zahnerhaltung durch
kieferorthopädische Extrusion mit geringen orthodontischen
Kräften bei vitalen und avitalen permanenten lateralen Inzisivi
diskutiert.