bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFFERENSIASI MAHASISWA PPG UNIVERSITAS PGRI ADI BUANA SURABAYA ANGKATAN I DAN II TAHUN 2023
Authors: Muhammad Muhyi  , Akhmad Qomaru Zaman  , Rarasaning Satianingsih  , Luqmanul Hakim  
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan hasil implementasi pembelajaran berdifferensiasi mata pelajaran PJOK mahasiswa PPG Prodi Penjas Universitasi PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya di saat mahasiswa mengikuti program PPL, Materi pembelajaran berifferensiasi diajarkan di materi PPG Prodi Penjas. Jenis penelitian survei, dengan subjek penelitian pada mahasiswa PPG prodi penjas yang mengimplementasikan pembelajaran berdifferensiasi di mapel penjas, Lokasi penelitian di lakukan di 5 sekolah SMP yang ada di kota surabaya. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti dan sudah dilvalidasi oleh ahli dan dinyatakan layak, teknik pengambilan data dengan mengunakan google form. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 80% mahasiwa menguasai konsep pembelajaran berdifferensiasi dalam kategori sangat baik, 20% kategori sangat baik sekali. Implementasi di lapangan 75% mahasiswa mempraktikkan sangat baik sekali, dan 25% sangat baik. Penerapan pembelajaran dari toeri ke konsep melalui kegiatan implementasi pembelajaran differensiasi sudah dapat dipahami dan diimplementasikan dengan baik. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan implementasi pembelajaran differensiasi dapat diterapkan dengan sangat baik oleh mahasiswa PPL program PPG penjas Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya.
El entierro como una metáfora de la violencia en Ecatepec
Authors: Pérez López Janneth Alyne 
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo propone una de las tantas, pero necesarias reflexiones de la violencia, la cual se presenta con tal insistencia que parece resonar en el pasado de una cultura tan agraviada por ésta, como lo es la mexicana. Este escrito surge de una visión anacrónica y comparativa entre la invisibilidad de los cuerpos que habitan Ecatepec y la violencia mesoamericana, específicamente del acto sacrificial azteca. Para hacerlo, se inicia con una reflexión de la escritora Ileana Diéguez, quien constituye un estudio sobre los escenarios y prácticas que rodean el concepto de desaparición, abordado aquí como entierro. Para posteriormente acercar la noción de sacrificio mediante un recorrido histórico-antropológico desde Serge Gruzinski hasta el enfoque contemporáneo de Guilhem Olivier y Johannes Neurath —dicha noción es atrevesada constantemente por fragmentos literarios, como los de Octavio Paz, Sergio González o Jean Clair, que encaminan a pensar la acción de “enterrar” como una metáfora de la violencia vivida en México—.
Vaccination Coverage and Awareness Level for Hepatitis B among the Nursing Students of Government Nursing College, Bhavnagar - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: - Vijay Sondarva , - Bansi Trivedi , - Mantasha Mansuri , - Manthan Shah 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Vaccination against HBV infection among healthcare workers is important because of their daily exposure to patient’s body fluids and the possible risk of transmission to others. Reports from Health Ministry of India indicate that only 16-60% of healthcare workers have received complete HBV immunization. Paramedics have a higher risk of HBV transmission and receive HBV vaccination less often than doctors. So, we conducted this study among the nursing students of Govt. Nursing College of Bhavnagar to estimate their vaccination status and awareness regarding Hepatitis B infection and vaccine.

Objectives: Among the Nursing students of Government Nursing College Bhavnagar,
1.	To estimate the status of hepatitis B vaccination
2.	To estimate the level of awareness regarding Hepatitis B infection
3.	To identify the reasons for being completely unvaccinated or partially vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among the 213 nursing students of Govt. Nursing College of Bhavnagar. The details about study were given to them in classroom, Informed consent and data of study was collected in structured questionnaire. Analysis was done in MS excel 2021.
Result & Conclusion: Among the participants most of students (90.6%) were female. There were almost equal participants from each academic year and most of the participants were Hostelites (83.6%). In knowledge assessment 88.7% students knew that hepatitis B is viral infection, 91.1% students were aware that post exposure prophylaxis includes Hep B vaccination. Awareness regarding transmission of disease by blood transfusion, sexual intercourse and needle stick injury was 67.1%, 49.8% and 61% respectively. Knowledge regarding virus causing cirrhosis, HCC and death was 62.9%,12.2% and 27.7% respectively among students. Only 56.3% of the students were vaccinated with Hep B vaccine. Among those vaccinated students only 42.5% had received all 3 doses of vaccine. Among unvaccinated students (43.7%) most of them had no particular reason for not taking vaccine followed by unawareness and forgetfulness.
Study of the Potential for Using Virtual Reality (VR) Technology in Reducing Pain and Anxiety During Childbirth: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Widiyastuti Rika 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Childbirth is a natural physiological process, but it can cause significant pain and anxiety for the mother. Labor pain can have a negative impact on the health of the mother and fetus, while anxiety can worsen the pain and slow down the labor process. Virtual reality (VR) technology is a non-pharmacological method that has the potential to reduce pain and anxiety during labor. This study aims to examine the potential of using VR technology to reduce pain and anxiety during childbirth.
Methods: This research was conducted using a systematic literature review method. The search and article selection process was carried out through the Google Scholar and PubMed search engines. Article inclusion criteria are research articles that use quantitative methods, are published in scientific journals, and are in English or Indonesian.
Results: The research results show that VR technology can reduce pain and anxiety during labor. Labor pain can be reduced by up to 20%, while anxiety can be reduced by up to 50%. VR technology can work by diverting the mother's attention from pain and anxiety, as well as increasing the production of endorphins, which function as natural analgesics.
Conclusion: VR technology is a potential method for reducing pain and anxiety during labor. VR technology can be a safe and effective alternative non-pharmacological method for reducing pain and anxiety during labor.
Comparison of Electrolyte Changes in Term Neonates before and after Phototherapy
Authors: Usha Rani M  
Published: January 2024

Background
Jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common problems occurring in the neonatal period. Phototherapy plays a major role in its treatment. However, this treatment modality may itself result in complications which even contribute to the development of convulsions. Hence in this study changes in serum electrolytes are evaluated in term neonates receiving phototherapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
Aim and objective
To estimate and compare the serum electrolytes levels in term neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia before and after phototherapy.
Method
After getting Ethical Committee approval informed, written consent, medical history were obtained from the neonate's mother, general examination, systemic examination was carried out for 30 full-term jaundiced neonates receiving phototherapy. Laboratory tests including total serum bilirubin by Diazo method, serum calcium level by Arsenazo III method and serum electrolytes by Ion selective electrodes analyser were performed before and after 48 hours of phototherapy. Blood samples taken from the newborn babies before the commencement of phototherapy was regarded as control group. Blood samples taken 48 hours following establishment of phototherapy was regarded as study group.
Results
Statistical analysis was done using Paired t test There was a significant decrease in serum bilirubin after 48 hours of phototherapy. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in serum calcium levels with a p value of 0.014 in eighteen neonates (60%). None of the neonates were clinically symptomatic. There was no alteration in the values of serum bicarbonate, chloride, sodium and potassium.
Conclusion
This study shows a decrease in serum calcium levels in term infants exposed to phototherapy. Hence serum calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate along with routine measurement of serum bilirubin should be monitored regularly for neonates receiving phototherapy to prevent the development of complications.
An Indian Study of Peak Expiratory Flow Rates in a Group of Young Adults
Authors: Sayad Abdul Hamid, Amrith Pakkala  
Published: January 2024

Background
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) reflects the strength and condition of respiratory muscles and the degree of airflow limitation in large airways. PEFR shows postural variation that follows a specific pattern in asthmatics and healthy individuals has been identified. Adequate data is not available for the postural variation in normal individuals who are students in professional courses and had a sedentary life style. Lung volumes in normal subjects were significantly higher in standing position. Others have reported that in healthy subjects spirometric indices were higher in the standing in comparison with the sitting position whereas other studies have reported no differences between spirometric values obtained in lying, sitting and standing positions. Hence this study is undertaken to study the postural variation in peak expiratory flow rates in healthy adult female subjects in South India.
Method
Peak expiratory flow rate was recorded in 50 adult healthy female students aged 18–23 years and studying in professional courses. Mini wright's peak flow meter was used to measure the peak expiratory flow rate. Three readings were taken PEFR in standing and lying posture. Best of three recordings taken as the final value.
Results
PEFR is decreased in lying posture compared to standing posture in subjects studied and the quantum of difference was noted.
Conclusion
In postural changes, peak expiratory flow rate measurements significantly differ based on whether the measurements are taken in the standing or in the lying posture in healthy participants. The effect of posture may be of importance in recording peak expiratory flow rate and changing to a better posture may be especially useful for those patients with weak expiration.
Correlation of Visual Evoked Potentials with Duration of Diabetes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Juhi Agrawal, Subodh Pandey, Sachin Chittawar, Vivek Som  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with dysfunction and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, neves, heart and blood vessels. Visual evoked potential (VEP) test evaluates how the visual system responds to light. As it tests the function of the visual pathway from the retina to the occipital cortex, VEP is a useful clinical tool in the diagnosis and documentation of visual impairment in many ophthalmological disorders.
Analysis of pattern reversal VEPs may provide early diagnosis of diabetic changes and determine prognosis during treatment. The visual evoked potential is suggested to be a sensitive indicator of functional changes in the visual processing pathway.
Aims and Objectives
The objective of this study was to establish whether duration of DM has an effect on the VEP measurements, P100 wave latency.
Material and methods
VEP was recorded in 60 type 2 diabetic patients and compared to 60 age and sex matched normal healthy non-diabetic controls. The patients were divided into three groups based on the duration of diabetes. VEP was recorded with a pc based, two channel, RMS EMG EP MK II machine. Comparison between two groups were done using independent Students’ ‘t’ test.. One way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and multiple comparisons were done using post hoc Tukey Multiple Comparison Test to compare the variables between the three study groups. To determine correlation between variables, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. The mean difference was statistically significant at p<0.05
Result
P100 wave latency was significantly longer in diabetic patients as compared to normal controls (P<0.001); There was significant reduction in N75-P100 amplitudes in diabetic subjects(p<0.01). Duration of diabetes was found to influence the VEP parameters as statistically significant increase in the mean P100 latency with the duration of the disease.(110.2+6.51 ms in group <3 yrs duration of DM, 113.4 +5.00 ms in 4–6 yrs duration group, 118.2+4.23 ms in 7–10 years duration group) (p< 0.01). On applying, Pearson's correlation coefficient test, significant positive correlation was observed between P100 latency and duration of diabetes. (r = 0.5803; p <0.001).
Conclusion
It is concluded that diabetes has effect on the visual pathway and changes in VEP response in diabetic patients are correlated with duration of disease. So, VEP can be used for early diagnosis of diabetic changes of the visual pathway.
A Comparison of Plasma HDL-C Levels in Moderate Intensity Continous Exercise Versus High Intensity Intermittent Exercise Among Young Adults
Authors: Suguna S., R. Vidhyalakshmi  
Published: January 2024

Background
Elevated levels of High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) has been associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). An active lifestyle is necessary in order to improve lipid HDL-C, which includes physical exercise. Continuous and interval/intermittent training are widely used to improve performance in athletes. It is also used to promote a healthy lifestyle. Interval training is considered as ‘better training’, consists of repeated periods of high intensity alternating with lower intensity, whereas continuous exercise is characterized by constant submaximal workload. Both MICT and HIIT are known to improve the cardiovascular function and lipid profile. In recent studies it is been shown that HIIT is more beneficial to MICT in maintaining a good cardiovascular health and lipid profile. The present study is therefore intended to compare the HDL-C levels in young adults practicing moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICT) who are athletes and high intensity intermittent exercise(HIIT) who are badminton players.
Objectives

To measure plasma HDL-C levels in athletes and badminton players

To compare the plasma HDL-C levels in young adults practicing moderate intensity continuous exercise (athletes) and high intensity intermittent exercise (badminton players).

Materials & Method
This study is done on 30 healthy athletes (18 males and 12 females) and 30 healthy badminton players (18 males and 12 females) of bangalore who are practicing regularly for atleast 3 years in the age group of 18–25 years. Subjects who are smokers, alcoholics and any H/O Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, musculoskeletal disorders and those on steroid therapy were excluded. Informed consent was taken. After general physical examination and history taking-HDL-C levels was assessed with 2 ml venous blood sample after 8 hours of fasting. Subjects were matched for Age, Sex and BMI. Descriptive statistics and Students ‘t’ test is used for statistical analysis.
Results
HDL-C levels were significantly higher in players practicing high intensity intermittent exercise (Badminton) when compared to athletes with a P value of 0.039.
Conclusion
The HDL-C levels in Badminton players is more when compared to athletes hence HIIT is found to be more effective than MICT in maintaining a good cardiovascular health and promoting a healthy lifestyle
Assessment of Plasma Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid During Postmenopausal Period
Authors: Tambe Deepak  
Published: January 2024

Objective
With increasing age and hormonal changes in life of women there is change in levels of micronutrients like vitamin B12 and folic acid. Very little data is available on the association between the basal levels of micronutrients such as VitB12, folic acid in pre and post menopausal women. Presence of an association will throw light on the role of micronutrients in prevention of CVS diseases in menopausal women. This would reinforce the role of micronutrients as a cheap viable option in the prevention of CVD in menopausal women.
Method
Plasma vitamin B12 and folic acid level were measured by radioimmunoassay in 60 pre and postmenopausal women.
Results
Vitamin B12 and folic acid concentrations were statistically significantly lower in postmenopausal group when compared to premenopausal group. (p value <0.005)
Conclusion
This study has provided baseline levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 with their association with menopause. This may be helpful for planning supplementation studies of the micronutrients.
Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Autonomic Nervous System in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Jain Gunjan  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Anemia is a major health problem especially among the economically disadvantaged segments of population in developing countries like India. Involvement of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) in cases of anemia has been a matter of considerable speculation. Slight to moderate impairment may be observed in mental and motor development of infants with Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA).
Material & Method
Study included 30 apparently healthy adolescent girls as control and 90 adolescent girls as cases having IDA. Haemoglobin was done and blood pressure and ECG were recorded.
Result
Mean rise in SBP And DBP and Mean RR interval was significantly reduced in anemic patient as compared to control subjects.
Conclusion
We found significant relation between Mean rise in SBP And DBP and Mean RR interval in IDA
Correlation of HbA1c Levels with Monocyte-lymphocyte and Platelet-lymphocyte Ratios in Type 2 Diabetics of Bengaluru City
Authors: Suguna S, Kusumadevi M.S.  
Published: January 2024

ackground
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic disease having serious microvascular and macrovascular complications. These complications in type 2 DM has an inflammatory pathology. Many inflammatory markers have been found to be related to these complications, such as interleukin1 (IL1), IL6, IL8, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-?1) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF ?). However, their measurement is not used routinely as it is not easy to do it, in this respect. The white blood cell (WBC) count and its subtypes are classic indicators of inflammation and their measurement is done routinely and also their estimation is cost effective. To correlate HbA1c levels with monocyte-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios in type 2 diabetics of Bengaluru city.
Materials and Method
A total of 50 type 2 diabetics without complications were included in the study with a mean age of 55.78 (SD: 13.77) years of both gender previously diagnosed regardless of their sociodemographic characteristics and were invited for the assessment of complete blood count (CBC) and HbA1c levels in Infilife healthcare private limited of Bengaluru city. The platelet-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio were calculated as the ratios of the platelets and monocytes to lymphocytes, respectively. All counts were determined from the same automated blood sample measurement.
Results
Mean (SD) P/L ratio and M/L ratio were 0.14 (0.36) & 7.37 (3.43) respectively. There was no significant correlation (at p=0.05) between HbA1c levels and P/L ratio[r= (?0.46)]) and L/M ratio[r=0.05].
Conclusion
In the present study, there was no statistically significant correlation between HbA1c levels and P/L ratio[r= (?0.46)]) and L/M ratio[r=0.05] in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of Bengaluru city.
Association of ABO Blood Group with Breast Cancer: An Observational Study
Authors: Neelima Kumari, Ashutosh Kumar, Manish Kumar  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
The present study was conducted to analyse the relation of ABO blood groups with breast carcinoma.
Materials and Method
The study was conducted on 100 clinically diagnosed breast cancer patients. The standard agglutination test was used to determine the blood groups. Association of ABO blood groups and risk of breast cancers was found out with Odd Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI).
Results
Breast cancer was found minimum in blood group ‘AB’ and maximum in blood group ‘A’. It may be due to influence of blood group antigens on systemic inflammatory response which has been associated with the malignancies. The ABO antigen expressed on the surface of malignant cells appears to be different from the antigen expressed on normal tissue.
Conclusions
High frequency of breast cancer was found in blood group A followed by B and O strong relationship between blood group and breast cancer. The different expression of antigens on the surface of cancer cells might alter motility, apoptosis and immune escape. These mechanisms might influence the initiation and spread of malignancies.
Inter-Gender and Intra-Gender Differences of Parenting Stress among Mothers of Children with Special Needs and Normal Children
Authors: Sowmya P., Preethi B.L.  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Parenting is a major form of stress, especially in children with special needs. However this stress has not been properly understood as evident from paucity of literature in this area.
Objective
(i) To evaluate parenting stress among parents (mother & father) of children with special needs and normal children. (ii) To compare parenting stress among mothers of special children and normal children.
Method
Assessment of parenting stress using Sheldon Cohen Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire on (i) Parents of 60 special (study group) and 60 normal (control group) children aged between 5 and 12 years. (ii) Mothers of children with special needs and mothers of normal children. The Questionnaire was provided to both parents, they were seated separately in order to avoid bias. Statistical analysis was done using Unpaired t-test.
Results
(i) The study group scored higher as compared to the control group with their means and standard deviations being (18.914+ 5.24) and (16.12+ 4.18) respectively. The statistical value of significance (p value) is 0.0019. (ii) The mothers of children with special needs scored higher than mothers of normal children with their means and standard deviations being (19.04 + 5.68) and (15.08 + 5.06) respectively, the p value is 0.014.
Conclusion
Present study showed that the parents of special children had significantly higher parenting stress levels as compared to the parents of normal children and mothers of special need children were more stressed than the mothers of normal children. It is important to address this stress as it could lead to impairments of overall quality of life in both parents and their child or children.