bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Political and Charitable Giving Substitutes? Evidence from the United States
Authors: Yildirim Pinar , Simonov Andrei , Petrova Maria , Perez-Truglia Ricardo 
Published: February 2024

Using microdata from the American Red Cross (ARC) and the Federal Election Commission (FEC) in two natural experiments, we provide evidence that political giving and charitable giving are substitutes. In the first natural experiment, we estimate the effects of a positive shock to charitable donations to the ARC: foreign natural disaster events. We find that although charitable donations to ARC increase by 34.9% in the six weeks following a disaster, political donations decline by 18.8% in the same period. Put differently, each 1% increase in the charitable giving to ARC is accompanied by a 0.53% drop in political donations. At the average county-week–level donations, the implied effect of a $1 increase in charitable giving is a $0.42 decline in political donations. In the second natural experiment, we estimate the effects of a positive shock to political giving: advertisements for political campaigns. Exploiting geographic discontinuities in advertising markets, we find that political advertisements increase political giving, whereas they decrease charitable donations to ARC. Our estimates imply that each 1% increase in the political giving is accompanied by a 0.59% drop in charitable donations to ARC. At the average county-week–level donations, the implied effect of a $1 increase in political giving is a $0.33 decline in charitable donations. The crowding-out elasticities suggest that political giving and charitable giving are relatively close substitutes. We provide a number of robustness checks, and we discuss potential causal mechanisms. This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing. Funding: P. Yildirim thanks the Dean’s Research Fund and the Mack Institute at the Wharton School as well as the Wharton Behavioral Laboratory for their financial support. M. Petrova thanks financial support from the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (Barcelona School of Economics CEX2019-000915-S), funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.00845 .
Global Financial Cycle, Household Credit, and Macroprudential Policies
Authors: Epure Mircea , Mihai Irina , Minoiu Camelia , Peydró José-Luis 
Published: February 2024

We show that macroprudential policies dampen the impact of global financial conditions on local bank credit cycles. For identification, we exploit variation in the U.S. volatility index (VIX) and household and business credit registers in an emerging market economy in which banks depend on foreign funding and macroprudential measures vary over the full cycle. Our results suggest that when the VIX is low, tighter macroprudential policies reduce household lending, notably for riskier (foreign currency (FX) and high debt-service-to-income) loans and by banks dependent on foreign funding. Moreover, they increase (less regulated) local currency lending to real estate firms. Such periods are associated with less subsequent total lending to households and firms and with a lower share of FX loans at the local level. Consistently, when the VIX is low, tighter macroprudential policies dampen house prices and economic activity. This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance. Funding: M. Epure acknowledges support from the Serra Húnter program. This project received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [Grant 648398], from the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion [Grants PID2020-115660GB-I00 and PGC2018-102133-B-I00], and the Severo Ochoa Program for Centers of Excellence in Research and Development [Grant CEX2019-000915-S]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2024.4981 .
REPRESENTATIVIDADE FEMININA NEGRA NO ROMANCE EPISTOLAR CARTAS PARA MINHA MÃE, DE TERESA CÁRDENAS, E NO POEMA-CANÇÃO ME GRITARON NEGRA, DE VICTORIA SANTA CRUZ
Authors: Dias Denise , Dourado Monia Franciele de Souza , Macedo Ondina Maria da Silva , Corsi Solange da Silva 
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo, analisam-se dois textos literários, sob a ótica do protagonismo negro feminino, presentes em Cartas para minha mãe, romance epistolar da autora cubana Teresa Cárdenas, de 1997, e no poema-canção Me gritaron negra, de 1960, da poeta e ativista peruana Victoria Santa Cruz. As obras são protagonizadas por mulheres negras, que passaram por diversas transformações ao longo da história, enfrentando violências, agressões e preconceitos. O presente estudo investiga, assim, a relevância dessas produções literárias, como forma de denúncia e combate à discriminação racial e de gênero, que tenta calar a voz e a atitude das mulheres negras. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, em que os relatos feitos pela escritora, em suas obras, são analisados sob a luz da teoria dos escritos de Evaristo (2005), Hall (2011), Nascimento (2015), Santiago (2012), Benatti e Candido (2020), Ribeiro (2017), entre outros estudiosos. Os resultados dessa pesquisa apontam para uma visão mais reflexiva sobre o papel da mulher negra na sociedade contemporânea. Além disso, mostra-se a importância da voz feminina negra, por meio da literatura, e como esta pode contribuir para o fortalecimento diário da luta por igualdade de raça e de gênero.
COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality in people experiencing homelessness in the Netherlands
Authors: Mennis Eline , Hobus Michelle , van den Muijsenbergh Maria , van Loenen Tessa 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
People who are homeless might be more at risk for getting infected by the SARS-COV-2 virus or for experiencing severe course of the infection due to their often more fragile health, unmet health needs, and poorer living conditions. This study aims to gain insight into the morbidity and mortality of the SARS-COV-2 virus among the homeless population in the Netherlands.

Methods
In this observational retrospective study, anonymized data about patients experiencing homelessness who contacted a street doctor were gathered in nine cities in the Netherlands from March 2020 until March 2021. Data included patient characteristics, COVID-19 -related symptoms, diagnosis, and disease course of a SARS-COV-2 infection.

Results
Of the total 1419 patients in whom 1544 COVID-19 related consults were registered, 16% tested positive for a SARS-COV-2 infection, and an additional 12% were clinically suspected of having a SARS-COV-2 infection but were seen before there were any COVID-19 tests available in General Practice or for some other reason not tested. Significantly more (p = <0.001) patients born outside the European Union tested positive for a SARS-COV-2 infection (36%) compared to the remainder of the population (20%). The most discerning symptom for being tested positive was loss of taste and smell (29% vs 6% in the negative tested group and 2% in the suspected group), fever (24% vs 13% in the negative tested group but 18% in the suspected group), and headache (26% vs 17% resp 14%), and fatigue (29% vs 20 resp 17%). Cough, dyspnea and common cold were more often seen in the clinically suspected but not tested group). Of the group that tested positive for a SARS-COV-2 infection, 10% were hospitalized. Two patients were admitted to intensive care and one patient died. Of patients who were clinically suspected of a SARS-COV-2 infection, 5% were hospitalized.

Conclusion
COVID-19 was not widespread among people experiencing homelessness in the Netherlands, but the number of hospitalizations in this study was relatively high. Monitoring this population during a pandemic is necessary to take prompt action when needed.
Twice-Daily Proton Pump Inhibitor Induces Higher Remission Rate in Eosinophilic Esophagitis Than Once-Daily Regimen Regardless of Total Daily Dose
Authors: Muftah Mayssan , Goldin Alison H. , Barshop Kenneth , Hsu Blatman Karen , Hamilton Matthew J. , Lo Wai-Kit , Hornick Jason L. , Chan Walter W. 
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION:
The optimal proton pump inhibitor (PPI) regimen for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is unclear. We compared histologic response rates of different dosing combinations.

METHODS:
A total of 305 patients with newly diagnosed EoE received standard (omeprazole 20 mg daily), once-daily moderate (40 mg daily), twice-daily moderate (20 mg twice daily), or high (40 mg twice daily) dose PPI for ≥8 weeks.

RESULTS:
Approximately 42.3% achieved histologic response to PPI, with higher rates for twice-daily (moderate 52.8%/high 54.3%) than once-daily (standard 11.8%/moderate 10%) dosing (P < 0.0001). On multivariable analysis, twice-daily moderate (adjusted odds ratio 6.75, confidence interval 2.53–18.0, P = 0.0008) and high (adjusted odds ratio 12.8, confidence interval 4.69–34.8, P < 0.0001) doses independently predicted histologic response.

DISCUSSION:
Twice-daily PPI is associated with higher EoE histologic response rates than once-daily regimen.
A comprehensive study on nutrient content of raw and roasted nuts
Authors: Al-Zahrani Maryam H. , Baz Lina A. , Sandokji Faiqa B. , Barnawee Mawada M. , Balgoon Maha J. , Alazdi Faeza A. , Alharbi Asmaa A. 
Published: February 2024

Nuts are highly valued for their properties and are consumed worldwide owing to their health benefits, particularly, for the prevention and treatment of diseases, as well as a source of essential macro- and micronutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of roasting on the nutritional value of nuts. Three types of nuts, raw and roasted almonds, cashews, and walnuts were selected from three well-known companies in Saudi Arabia. To analyze and evaluate the stability of macro- and micronutrients in nuts, modern separation and quantification methods, including inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OSE), were used to analyze and evaluate the stability of nutrients and heavy metals in nuts that are widely distributed and consumed. The results of this study indicate that nuts have high nutritional value and an inverse roasting effect. Comparing the nutrient and metal contents of raw and roasted nuts provides useful information on the nutritional science of nuts consumed by well-known manufacturers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Further investigations of nuts are needed to draw firm conclusions regarding their association with the prevention of many different diseases.
Some fixed point results on ultrametric spaces endowed with a graph
Authors: Acar Özlem , Özkapu Aybala Sevde , Öztürk Mahpeyker 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The present article deals with new fixed point theorems by means of

G

G

-strongly contractive maps. The research findings are demonstrated in a spherically complete ultrametric space with a graph for single-valued mappings. The special cases of the results that extend the current ones are offered, along with some examples that illustrate our results. Besides, an application utilized in dynamic programming that endorses the acquired observations is also provided.
Assessment of heat transfer in a triangular duct with different configurations of ribs using computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Hameed Mohammed Hadi , Mohammed Hafidh Hassan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Numerical investigation was performed to improve heat transfer in triangular ducts using ribs of different sizes and shapes. Increased heat transfer may be achieved by the roughness in the duct surface, which is a prospective and successful method. It is shown that the sectional shape of the roughness given on the area exposed to heat has a major impact on the effective performance of heat transfer channels. This research will study the results of using different shapes and sizes of roughness components, such as triangular rib (e/W = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) as well as semi-circular rib (R/W = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3). Likewise, the influence of rib width b (b/w = 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) is examined using computational fluid dynamics for variable Reynolds number (1,000 < Re < 1,800) at fix rib height (e/W, R/W = 0.1). ANSYS FLUENT 2020 R1 is used to model the heat and the flow dynamics in roughened ducts. The best performance was for the semi-circular ribs. At a Reynolds number of 1,200, the optimum ratio of enhancement (ε) for the semi-circular rib sample e = 0.2 × W was 1.717. Additionally, sample 4 has the greatest Nusselt number across all Reynolds numbers and is the best-shaped sample. Furthermore, the pressure drop and the friction factor also increase when the rib width is increased, the sample (p = 0.2 × W) highest pressure drop and coefficient of friction values.
An interband cascade laser based heterodyne detector with integrated optical amplifier and local oscillator
Authors: Dal Cin Sandro , Windischhofer Andreas , Pilat Florian , Leskowschek Michael , Pecile Vito F. , David Mauro , Beiser Maximilian , Weih Robert , Koeth Johannes , Marschick Georg , Hinkov Borislav , Strasser Gottfried , Heckl Oliver H. , Schwarz Benedikt 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Heterodyne detection based on interband cascade lasers (ICL) has been demonstrated in a wide range of different applications. However, it is still often limited to bulky tabletop systems using individual components such as dual laser setups, beam shaping elements, and discrete detectors. In this work, a versatile integrated ICL platform is investigated for tackling this issue. A RF-optimized, two-section ICL approach is employed, consisting of a short section typically used for efficient modulation of the cavity field and a long gain section. Such a laser is operated in reversed mode, with the entire Fabry–Pérot waveguide utilized as a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and the electrically separated short section as detector. Furthermore, a racetrack cavity is introduced as on-chip single-mode reference generator. The field of the racetrack cavity is coupled into the SOA waveguide via an 800 nm gap. By external injection of a single mode ICL operating at the appropriate wavelength, a heterodyne beating between the on-chip reference and the injected signal can be observed on the integrated detector section of the SOA-detector.
A physically consistent AI-based SPH emulator for computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Amato Eleonora , Zago Vito , Del Negro Ciro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has significantly expanded the scope of fluid modeling, allowing enhanced analysis capabilities and improved simulation performance. While Eulerian methods already benefit extensively from AI, notably in reliable weather prediction, the application of AI to Lagrangian methods remains less consolidated. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a Lagrangian mesh-less numerical method for CFD with well-established advantages for the simulation of highly dynamic free-surface flows. Here, we explore an application of AI to SPH simulations, utilizing an artificial neural network (ANN) to estimate hydrodynamic forces between particle pairs, learning from SPH-simulated results. A model of this nature, which emulates the mathematical representation of physics, is termed an emulator. We examine the physical significance of the emulator, presenting its applications in benchmark tests, assessing its faithfulness to traditional SPH simulations, and highlighting its ability to generalize and simulate test cases with varying levels of complexity beyond its training data.
The Effect of Work Environment, Workload, and Compensation on Job Satisfaction of Nasmoco Youth Car Benkel Employees
Authors: Auriantika Auriantika , Perdhana Mirwan Surya 
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to know and analyze the effect of the work environment on job satisfaction, to know and analyze the effect of workload on job satisfaction, and to know and analyze the effect of compensation on job satisfaction in employees of the Nasmoco Youth car workshop.
The technique used in this study is quantitative research method. The number of samples to be taken by researchers is all employees of Benkel Mobil Nasmoco Pemuda totaling 120 employees with saturated samoel retrieval techniques. The data collection technique used in this study used questionnaires.
The results of research and analysis that have been carried out are, it is known that the work environment has a positive and significant influence on the job satisfaction of Benkel Mobil Nasmoco Youth employees. It is known that the workload of work has a negative and significant influence on the job satisfaction of Benkel Mobil Nasmoco Youth employees. It is known that compensation has a positive and significant influence on employee job satisfaction of Benkel Mobil Nasmoco Youth employees.
Extracción, optimización y capacidad antioxidante de extractos de frutos silvestres de palmas (E. oleraceae, O. bataua y O. mapora) del Pacífico colombiano
Authors: Mora Varela Julián Andrés , Mora Mejía Sebastián , Grisales Mejía Juan Felipe , Martínez Correa Hugo Alexander , Torres Castañeda Harlen Gerardo 
Published: February 2024

Es suficientemente conocido el valor nutricional y las características químicas de la especie Euterpe oleracea; sin embargo, en la región Pacífica colombiana existen otras especies poco conocidas de la familia Arecaceae con potencial valor en cuanto al contenido de compuestos bioactivos. El principal objetivo de este estudio es determinar el contenido de compuestos fenólicos y la capacidad antioxidante de tres especies silvestres de la familia Arecaceae (palmas). Para el cumplimiento de este objetivo, las partes comestibles de los frutos maduros de Euterpe oleracea, Oenocarpus bataua y Oenocarpus mapora, se sometieron a extracción asistida por ultrasonido, empleando mezclas hidroalcohólicas con diferentes concentraciones de ácido acético como disolvente para la extracción. La optimización del proceso de extracción mediante un diseño central compuesto (DCC) mostró que las mejores condiciones de extracción se obtienen con una concentración de etanol del 65 % (v/v) y una concentración de ácido acético del 0.5 % (v/v). Los resultados del proceso de purificación mediante cromatografía de columna mostraron que tanto el extracto crudo como la fracción enriquecida de O. mapora, presentaron el mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos (137.5; 224 g EAG/g ES), el mayor contenido de antocianinas totales (1.7; 3.5 mg EC3G/g ES) y la mejor capacidad antioxidante por el método de DPPH (538; 1879 µmoles ET/g ES) en comparación con los mismos extractos y fracciones de O. bataua y E. oleracea.
Application of a multivariate optimization strategy to validate an RP-HPLC analytical method for determining hydroxychloroquine sulphate in pharmaceutical products and in forced degradation studies
Authors: Toti Marillia Castilho Silva , Bonfilio Rudy , de Araújo Magali Benjamim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, a multivariate optimization strategy was used to develop and validate a simple, rapid, accurate, cost-effective, and stability-indicative RP-HPLC analytical method for quantifying hydroxychloroquine sulphate (HCQ) in coated tablets. The validation conditions involved isocratic elution mode, using a mixture of buffer solution at pH 2.2 and methanol (74:26, v/v) as the mobile phase, an Agilent® reverse phase column, model Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (250 cm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm), a flow rate of 1.3 mL min−1, column temperature 40 °C and detection at 343 nm. The method showed linearity in the range of 4–44 μg mL−1, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.9998. Recovery obtained average values of between 99.71 and 100.84% and precision with average RSD values of <2%. The robustness demonstrated by assessing the effect of seven variables (pH of the mobile phase buffer; percentage of methanol; filter brand; mobile phase flow rate; wavelength; column temperature and sample agitation time), with effect values for each variable lower than the calculated value of s√2 (1.43), showed that none of these factors had a significant influence on the analytical response. The method was applied to samples of the reference medicine Plaquinol® 400 mg and similar Reuquinol 400 mg, nomenclature established by the National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa), law no. 978 of 10 February 1999, purchased from local pharmacies. Results showed advantages and benefits in relation to the official method and those reported in the literature. The application of the multivariate strategy, the choice of methanol, in a lower proportion in the organic phase, due to its low toxicity, economy and easier availability compared to acetonitrile, and the other organic solvents used was a promising and important alternative for the analytical method. Furthermore, the use of reversed stationary phase, common in quality control laboratories, provided an analyte retention time of 4.595 min, demonstrating good performance and speed in routine analyses.
FROM RIVERSIDE HUB TO URBAN CENTER: UNDERSTANDING THE METAMORPHOSIS OF THE SULTANATE OF DELI'S CAPITAL LANDSCAPE
Authors: Affan Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTThe Sultanate of Deli is a sultanate located on the east coast of Sumatra that has been colonized by the Dutch since 1862. Before colonization by the Dutch, the capital of the Sultanate of Deli was located in a riverside town called Labuhan. A few decades after colonization, the Sultan of Deli moved his capital to Sultangrond in Medan Putri. The move has led to significant changes in the role of the capital of the Sultanate of Deli. The following study aims to explain the changing role played by the capital of the Sultanate of Deli before and after the move. The results of the study are expected to contribute positively to knowledge about the history of sultanates in the archipelago. The method used in this study is the literature research method. The results of the study show that the sultanate capital in Labuhan played a more complex role than the capital in Sultandgrond. Labuhan not only served as the center of the Deli Sultanate's government but also as an economic center where the Deli export and import ports were also located. Meanwhile, after the move of the capital to Sultangrond in Medan, the capital of the Sultanate of Deli no longer played the role of an economic center as before.Keywords: Deli Sultanate, history of Islam, Labuhan, Sultangrond, East Coast of Sumatra ABSTRAKKesultanan Deli adalah sebuah kesultanan yang berada di kawasan Pantai Timur Sumatera yang dikolonisasi oleh Belanda sejak Tahun 1862. Sebelum di kolonisasi oleh Belanda, ibukota Kesultanan Deli berlokasi di sebuah kota tepian sungai yang bernama Labuhan. Beberapa dekade setelah kolonisasi, Sultan Deli memindahkan ibukotanya ke Sultangrond di Medan Putri. Pemindahan tersebut telah menyebabkan perubahan yang signifikan pada peran ibukota Kesultanan Deli. Kajian berikut ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan perubahan peranan yang dimainkan oleh ibukota Kesultanan Deli sebelum dan sesudah perpindahan. Hasil kajian sendiri diharapkan dapat berkontribusi positif dalam menyumbang pengetahuan mengenai sejarah kesultanan-kesultanan di Nusantara. Adapun metode yang dipergunakan dalam kajian ini adalah metode penelitian literatur. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ibukota Kesultanan di Labuhan memainkan peran yang lebih kompleks daripada ibukota yang berada di Sultandgrond. Labuhan bukan hanya berperan sebagai pusat pemerintahan Kesultanan Deli melainkan juga pusat ekonomi dimana pelabuhan ekspor dan impor Deli juga berada disana. Sementara itu, setelah perpindahan ibukota ke Sultangrond di Medan, ibukota Kesultanan Deli tidak lagi memainkan peran sebagai pusat ekonomi seperti sebelumnya. Kata kunci: Kesultanan Deli, sejarah Islam, Labuhan, Sultangrond, Pantai Timur Sumatera