bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Equity in Academic Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery Departments: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Qin Lei Alexander , Menhaji Kimia , Sifri Yara , Hardart Anne , Ascher-Walsh Charles J. 
Published: October 2023

Importance
Gender equity in obstetrics and gynecology remains a barrier to career mobility and workplace satisfaction.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate gender equity for academic positions in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS) divisions with an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited fellowship in the United States.

Study Design
This was a cross-sectional observational study of all FPMRS divisions with an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited fellowship program in the United States in July 2020 using publicly available demographic and academic data collected from online search engines. Gender equity in academic FPMRS was assessed by gender representation, academic appointment, and research productivity of each attending physician within the division. Research productivity was assessed using both the H-index with career length controlled for with the M-quotient.

Results
There were 348 attending physicians from 72 FPMRS divisions (198 female [56.9%], 150 male [43.1%]). A large percentage of female attending physicians were at the assistant professor level (75.8% [94 of 124]) when compared with their male counterparts (24.4% [30 of 124]; P < 0.001). Conversely, there were a larger percentage of male attending physicians (62.2% [56 of 90]) at the professor level when compared with their female counterparts (37.8% [34 of 90]; P < 0.001). There was no difference in research productivity between male and female attending physicians after controlling for career length with the M-quotient (P = 0.65). Only age (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.24) and the M-quotient (odds ratio, 36.17, 95% confidence interval, 8.57–152.73) were significantly associated with professorship.

Conclusions
Our study found that there are more female attending physicians in FPMRS and that most are assistant professors. Male and female FPMRS attending physicians had similar research productivity with respect to their career lengths. Gender was not a determinant for achieving a “professor” appointment.
Management of Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms in Older Women: A Survey of Practitioners
Authors: Murillo Ashley , Su Selma , Zyczynski Halina , Bradley Megan 
Published: October 2023

Importance
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection for which empiric antibiotics are prescribed despite limited progression to urosepsis. More than half of antibiotics prescribed to older adults for a suspected UTI are considered unnecessary.

Objective
The aim of the study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding management of older women (>65 years) with symptoms attributed to UTIs among family and internal medicine providers.

Study Design
This cross-sectional study surveyed 330 primary care providers in November 2021 regarding management of UTI symptoms. The primary outcome was the proportion of primary care providers who felt safe waiting for urine culture results before prescribing antibiotics in older women.

Results
The response rate was 43.0% (n = 142) with the majority of primary care providers practicing medicine more than 15 years (56.3%). For the primary outcome, 26.1% (n = 37) of primary care providers felt safe waiting for a urine culture result before prescribing antibiotics, while 62.0% (n = 88) felt delaying antibiotics depended on multiple factors, and 9.2% (n = 13) felt it was never safe to delay antibiotics. Primary care providers that either never felt it was safe to delay antibiotics or felt that “it depends” on a variety of factors, attributed their antibiotics administration to concern for progression to sepsis (n = 50, 49.5%) or progression of symptoms (n = 28, 27.7%). A higher proportion of primary care providers practicing more than 15 years felt safe delaying antibiotics compared with primary care providers with less experience (33.8% vs 18.3%, P = 0.04), and 70.3% of those who felt safe delaying antibiotics had more than 15 years of experience.

Conclusion
Primary care providers with more clinical experience have more comfort delaying antibiotics in older women with UTI symptoms.
Prospective Study to Analyze the Concordance Between a Standardized Visual Method With Pathology to stratify Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Cadaveric Liver Grafts Evaluated for Transplantation
Authors: Sampaio-Neto José , Nicoluzzi João E.L. , Luvison Gomes da Silva Larissa , Billó Leandro , de Pádua Peppe-Neto Antônio , Dall´ Asta Luíza , P. de Moraes Thyago , Fragoso Gabrielle R. 
Published: October 2023

Background.
The main challenge of liver transplantation is the discrepancy in demand and availability. Marginal grafts or full organs from donors with expansion criteria have been considered to reduce the shortage and assist a greater number of patients. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most important defining criteria for expanded criteria organs. The present study proposes that an organized visual analysis method could correctly identify and classify NAFLD and organ viability without the need for liver biopsy and its logistical concerns.

Methods.
Pictures from the grafts were taken at a standardized method (same distance, light conditions, and register device) before and after the perfusion. The visual liver score (VLS) was applied by transplant surgeons; biopsies of the grafts were analyzed by a pathologist in a double-blind design. Score performance and interobserver agreement for NAFLD detection and grading, as graft viability evaluation, were calculated.

Results.
Fifty-seven grafts were analyzed. At least 1 previous expansion criterion was presented by 59.64% of donors. The prevalence of NAFLD was 94.73%, with 31.57% borderline nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and 5.26% nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Steatosis was identified with 48.68% (preperfusion) and 64.03% (postperfusion) accuracy. NAFLD stratification was performed with 49.53% (preperfusion) and 46.29% (postperfusion) accuracy. Viability related to NAFLD was identified with 51.96% (preperfusion) and 48.52% (postperfusion) accuracy. Interobserver agreement was moderate for total VLS and poor for individual components of VLS.

Conclusions.
Although a standardized method was not reliable enough for visual evaluation of NALFD compared with pathology, efforts should be made to expand access to biopsy. Further studies are needed to understand whether the VLS needs to be adapted or even excluded in the liver transplant scenario, to assess the importance of ectoscopy related to posttransplant clinical outcomes, and to determine its role in graft selection.
The Influence Of Covid-19 On Patient Mobilization And Injury Attributes In The ICU: A Retrospective Analysis Of A Level II Trauma Center
Authors: Navarro Yelissa , Huang Elizabeth , Johnson Chandler , Clark Forrest , Coppola Samuel , Modi Suraj , Warren Gordon L. , Call Jarrod A. 
Published: October 2023

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of COVID-19 on physical therapy (PT) mobilization of traumatically-injured patients and to determine if mobilization affected patient course in the ICU. This retrospective study included patients who were admitted to the ICU of a level II trauma center. The patients were divided into two groups, i.e., those admitted before (n=378) and after (n=499) April 1, 2020 when Georgia’s COVID-19 Shelter-in-place order was mandated. The two groups were contrasted on nominal and ratio variables using Chi-square and Student’s t-tests. A secondary analysis focused specifically on the after COVID patients examined the extent to which mobilization (n=328) or lack of mobilization (n=171) influenced ICU outcomes (e.g., mortality, readmission). The two groups were contrasted on nominal and ratio variables using Chi-square and Student’s -tests. The after COVID patients had higher injury severity as a greater proportion was classified as severely injured (i.e., >15 on Injury Severity Score) compared to the before COVID patients. After COVID patients also had greater cumulative number of comorbidities and experienced greater complications in the ICU. Despite this, there was no difference between patients in receiving a PT consultation or day-to-mobilization. Within the after COVID cohort, those that were mobilized were older, a higher proportion were female, they had greater Glasgow Coma Scale scores, had longer total hospital days, and a lesser mortality rate. Despite shifting patient injury attributes post-COVID-19, a communicable disease, mobilization care remained consistent and effective.Level of EvidenceLevel III
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE USE OF CANNABIS AND DEPRESSION IN UNITED STATES ADULTS
Authors: Ortiz K. , OLeary J. , Bhatt H. , Nadraga V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionRecent studies show a growing body of evidence suggesting that users of cannabis have consistently higher prevalence rates of depressive disorders in comparison to non-users. Besides, it can be used as a highly effective treatment for depression and other mood disorders.MethodsA study with a cross-sectional design was conducted with data from respondents aged 25-64 who participated in the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. The population was assessed for the baseline characteristics, followed by a bivariate analysis, a multivariate logistic regression to control any confounders, and assess the association between the use of cannabis and depression.ResultsThe sample included 57,757 individuals. The unadjusted binary logistic regression indicated that those who use cannabis are 93% more likely (OR: 1.93) to have a diagnosis of depression. On the other hand, the adjusted analysis indicated that those who use cannabis are 78% more likely (OR: 1.78) to have a diagnosis of depression. Other variables including participants under the age of 45 years were significantly associated with the diagnosis of depression (OR: 1.35). Moreover, participants with an education without a high school diploma (OR: 0.54), and those having a full-time commitment (OR: 0.37) were significantly less likely to have a diagnosis of depression.ConclusionFindings suggest that selected U.S. participants who use cannabis have an increased risk to report depression. Furthermore, factors such as age, level of education, and a person’s time commitment status were found to have a significant influence on whether a diagnosis of depression is present.
Constructing a Finer-Grained Representation of Clinical Trial Results from ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Shi Xuanyu , Du Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRandomized controlled trials are essential for evaluating clinical interventions. ClinicalTrials.gov serves as a primary repository for such data, yet extracting and synthesizing information from it remains challenging. This study introduces a novel methodology for constructing a detailed arm-centered representation of clinical trial results, moving beyond the traditional PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) framework. The representation attentively uncovers both efficacy outcomes and adverse drug events in safety outcomes, promoting a dual-faceted understanding of intervention effects. Through a structured acquisition, extraction, and initialization process, we present a knowledge graph incorporating arm-level efficacy with safety results, categorizing outcomes into three distinct groups: biomarkers, patient-reported outcomes, and clinical endpoints. The goal is to bridge the gap between the generally described searchable design information and the specifically detailed reported results. This approach aims to offer a structured dataset towards better utilization and interpretation of ClinicalTrials.gov data, facilitating a more feasible and complete evidence synthesis practice to include both positive and negative results hidden in clinical trials registries.
Investigating “organizational maturity” in order to provide “blockchain banking service” based on “FinTech” (through “the CMMI” in “Parsian Bank”)
Authors: Ali Taghavi Komeil , Mashayekh Mohammadreza 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe description of “blockchain banking”, the determination of “the sub-processes” of “blockchain banking” as a “business process”, and the assessment of “maturity level” in Parsian Bank.Design/methodology/approachTheoretical sources on “blockchain banking” were initially investigated. Then the “sub-processes” of “blockchain banking” as a “business process” were extracted by Parsian Bank's experts through the “Delphi method”. Next, the “sequence” of the “sub-processes” was determined by means of the “AHP”. Eventually, Parsian Bank's maturity levels for all the sub-processes as well as the overall maturity level were specified on the basis of the “CMMI” V1.3 in order for Business Process Management (BPM).FindingsBlockchain banking’ combines traditional banking with cryptocurrencies, which can be provided by merging “hybrid e-wallet” with “bank account” and “bank card” – all together as “crypto bank account”. Plus, “hybrid e-wallet” is a form of mobile e-wallet on blockchain that supports both cryptocurrencies and traditional currencies in the same platform by which the purchase and sale of cryptocurrencies are possible. Besides, “Blockchain banking service” can also be offered within the framework of “open banking” aligned with “open innovation” through a FinTech (or a beta bank) in collaboration with a licensed bank via “open API”, which is called “blockchain banking based on FinTech”. At last, the eight sub-processes of “blockchain banking” were determined and Parsian Bank's “maturity level” was specified.Originality/valueThis is the very first practical guide to “blockchain banking service”.
Gauging the level of time-varying interlinkages between environmental innovation and globalization in Vietnam
Authors: Thanh Ha Le 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine connections between five variables, including innovation in environment-related technology (EI), trade openness (TRADE), CO2 emissions (CO2) and foreign direct investment (FDI) from 1994 to 2019.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used an extended joint connectedness technique and the time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) method. The analysis focuses on the variables of innovation in environment-related technology (EI), trade openness (TRADE), CO2 emissions (CO2) and foreign direct investment (FDI) using data from 1994 to 2019.

Findings
The results demonstrate that innovation in environment-related technology and an openness to the global network captured by FDI are identified as crucial net transmitters of shocks. In addition, an openness to the global trade network captured by TRADE turns from a transmitter to a receiver of shocks and vice versa. Moreover, it can be seen that the impact of EI was significant in the first five years of the observed period, and it transmitted the largest shock in 1997.

Practical implications
With regard to policy implications, the findings offer valuable insights for investors and policymakers. As the tradeoff between business efficiency and environmental sustainability diminishes, it is essential for Vietnam’s economy and enterprises to embrace green and sustainable growth in line with global trends. In a world characterized by uncertainties and risks, enterprises need to develop strategies to manage risks and shocks arising from geopolitical tensions, input material supply, financial–monetary instability and natural disasters.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing literature in two significant ways. First, as previously emphasized, this paper represents the first attempt to investigate the relationship between economic globalization and environmental innovation. Second, this study proposes a novel methodology that is better suited for analyzing volatility interlinkages across different market types.
Circular economy and carbon emissions: threshold effect of quality of governance
Authors: Mawutor John Kwaku Mensah , Sogah Ernest , Gborse Freeman Christian 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe main objective of the quantitative study is to ascertain the relationship between the circular economy (CE) and carbon emissions. And also, the study examines the threshold beyond which the quality of governance reduces carbon emissions.Design/methodology/approachThe autoregressive distributed lag approach is employed for the econometrics analysis. The study employed quarterly data from 2006Q1 to 2017Q4 on Ghana.FindingsThe results indicated that, although the CE had a positive and significant effect on carbon emissions, the moderating term had an adverse and significant effect on carbon emissions. This result suggests that to mitigate carbon emissions, a robust and efficient quality of institutions should be sustained. Finally, the study also identified a quality of governance threshold of 1.155 beyond which a shift to a CE would result in a reduction in carbon emissions.Research limitations/implicationsThe study recommends that policymakers should initiate policies that would enhance quality governance.Originality/valueThe main contributions of the study are that the paper ascertained the threshold beyond which quality of governance assists circular economic practices to mitigate carbon emissions. Also, the study revealed that quality of governance is a catalyst to promote circular economic practices in reducing carbon emissions. Finally, the study ascertains the long-run effect of the variables of interest on carbon emissions.
PEASANT MOBILIZATION, THE ‘LAND QUESTION’ AND SPATIAL EGALITARIANISM IN AN URBANIZING CHINA: A Genealogical Assessment and a New Research Agenda
Authors: Lim Kean Fan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUrbanization has become a core strategy for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to reinforce its authoritarian rule over China. Its roll‐out is replete with tensions, however, because the extent to which urbanization can replicate spatial egalitarianism, the foundation of CPC sovereign rule following its victory in the Chinese civil war (1946–49), remains unclear. To advance research on these tensions, this article first presents a genealogy of the multiple conditions that underpinned large‐scale peasant mobilization to drive landownership redistribution. Rarely discussed in urban and regional research today, the logic and implications of landownership redistribution are crucial for comprehending and conceptualizing Chinese urbanization. Specifically, the genealogical analysis demonstrates how peasant mobilization engendered a de facto CPC‐peasantry social contract that consolidated CPC rule. Rather than dissolve unproblematically as the Chinese political economy evolves into an urbanizing era, this contract has engendered path‐dependent effects that constrain attempts at urban‐rural integration. The article then adds a fresh historical‐geographical dimension to existing research on Chinese urbanization and regime durability by introducing a new research agenda to examine why contemporary peasant mobilization across China not only differs from but is also shaped by the peasant mobilization of the late 1940s.
Preventing hypothermia in pediatric neurosurgery in Africa—A randomized controlled non‐inferiority trial of insulation versus active warming
Authors: Feyling Anders C. , Kamalo Patrick D. , Hanche‐Olsen Terje , Chikumbanje Singatiya S. , Zsidek Aina S. , Ponzi Erica , Ræder Johan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of a low‐cost heat‐preserving method in preventing intraoperative hypothermia with that of forced‐air warming in a resource‐limited setting.MethodsIn this randomized controlled non‐inferiority trial, we recruited children younger than 12 years scheduled for cranial neurosurgery in a large East‐African hospital. Patients were block‐randomized by age to intraoperative warming measures using Hibler's method (intervention) or warm air (comparator). Hibler's group patients were circumferentially wrapped in transparent plastic sheeting (providing a vapor‐trap) over a layer of cotton blankets, then laid on an insulating foam mattress. Warm air group patients were treated with forced‐air convection via an underlying Snuggle Warm™ Pediatric Full Body mattress. Allocated warming measures were initiated in the operating theatre and discontinued upon anesthesia emergence. Perioperative temperatures were measured using noninvasive forehead probes (SpotOn™). The primary outcome was incidence of hypothermia (core temperature < 36.0° for longer than 5 min). Our null hypothesis was that Hibler's method is inferior in efficacy to the warm air method by a margin exceeding 20%. Among secondary outcomes were duration of hypothermia as proportion of surgical duration, incidence of postoperative shivering and rescue measure requirements.ResultsWe analyzed data for 77 participants (Hibler's = 38; warm air = 39). There was no significant difference between the Hibler's and warm air arms of the study in the primary outcome of incidence of hypothermia (59.0% vs. 60.5% respectively; OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.43–2.65; p = .890). However, the risk difference (1.55%; 95% CI −0.20 to −0.24) exceeded the 0.2 margin and non‐inferiority could not be declared. There was considerable need for rescue measures in both groups (71.1 0% vs. 69.2%; OR 1.09; 95% CI 0.41–2.90; p = .861). There was no statistically significant difference between groups for any prespecified secondary outcome.ConclusionAlthough perioperative core temperatures were not significantly different, we could not declare an inexpensive heat‐preserving method non‐inferior to warm air convection in preventing intraoperative hypothermia in children undergoing anesthesia for cranial neurosurgery in a resource‐limited setting. The extensive need for rescue measures may have masked important differences.Trial Registration: US National Institutes of Health Clinicaltrials.gov database (ID no. NCT02975817).
Let others know who your friends are: The effect of collaborator disclosure on crowdfunding performance
Authors: Chen Feng , Chen Song , Ding Jian , Shan Ercheng , Zhao Pu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOur analysis of 141,848 campaigns on the Kickstarter crowdfunding platform suggests that collaborator disclosure has a substantial positive impact on crowdfunding performance. This finding is consistently supported by a series of robustness tests. Collaborator disclosure alleviates backers' concerns about campaign risk, the competence of the fundraiser, and the fundraiser's lack of experience. Our findings highlight the significance of disclosing information about collaborators in financial markets with high levels of information asymmetry. In addition, our research adds to the existing literature on voluntary information disclosure and its ability to alleviate market frictions.