bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical Dural Arteriovenous Malformation Presenting With Right‐Sided Occipitalgia: Before and After Successful Treatment by Embolization
Authors: Chiba Susumu , Nishioka Hitomi , Saitoh Masaki , Imai Tomihiro , Tanabe Sumiyoshi , Matsumoto Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe report a 52‐year‐old man who had a 2‐year history of right‐sided occipitalgia. His pain was induced by anteroflexion of the neck. Neurologic examinations showed mild right C2 and C3 root signs. Cervical MR imaging disclosed an extra‐medullary intradural crooked shadow at the level between C2 and C3 vertebrae, which was proven by selective angiogram of the ascending cervical artery to be a dural arteriovenous malformation located in the right C3 root sleeve. Embolization by an endovascular approach resulted in angiographic and clinical cure. These findings indicate that headache due to arteriovenous malformation in upper cervical region may be surgically treatable.
Headache Characteristics Among High School and University Students
Authors: Montgomery Gary T. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISAn extensive questionnaire which addressed general health, headache characteristics, antecedents to headaches, and coping strategies after one gets a headache was administered to 837 high school and university students in south Texas. Hypotheses were confirmed that (a) university students reported greater headache severity than did high school students, and (b) females reported higher frequencies of headaches and greater headache severity than did males. Our sample from south Texas reported a much lower incidence of headache than recent reports of students from other universities. Factor analysis of headache characteristics questions supported traditional headache classification. Factor analysis identified commonalities among headache antecedents and headache coping strategies. Relationships were identified between headache severity, headache antecedents and coping strategies that were consistent with previous studies.
Opioid and Sympathetic Nervous System Activity in Cluster Headache Under Verapamil or Prednisone Treatment
Authors: de Lourdes Figuerola María , Levin Gloria , Leston Jorge , Barontini Marta 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThis study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of treatment with prednisone or verapamil on plasma met‐enkephalin (ME), neutrophil met‐enkephalin containing peptides (NMECP) and free and conjugated plasma catecholamines (CA) in cluster headache (CH) patients. After obtaining a basal sample, patients were randomly selected to be treated with either verapamil (n=5) or prednisone (n=5). A second blood sample was obtained 10 days after starting treatment. At this time all patients were free of symptoms. ME (0.49 ± 0.10 pmol/mL) and NMECP 135.1 ± 2.4 pmol/mg protein) levels after prednisone treatment were significantly higher (P <0.05) than in basal conditions (0.29 ± 0.08 pmol/mL and 27.14 ± 2.4 pmol/mg protein), while no differences were found in catecholamine levels. No differences in ME, NMECP or CA were found during verapamil treatment. Our results suggest that in CH the two drugs act through different mechanisms. The relief of the bout obtained with prednisone may be related to the opioid system stimulation observed in these patients.
Substance P: Correlation of CSF and Plasma Levels
Authors: Clark Jeffrey W. , deS. Senanayake Preenie , Solomon Glen D. , Gallagher Claudia 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISObjective: To determine the correlation between cerebrospinal fluid and plasma concentrations of substance P.Patients: 37 patients undergoing lumbar puncture for various diagnostic purposes. Measurements: Samples of cerebrospinal fluid and blood were obtained at the same visit. Substance P was measured by radioimmunoassay technique. At least 4 separate measurements were conducted on each sample to insure accuracy. Results: The mean plasma SP level was 1.195 (&plusmn; 1.1). The mean cerebrospinal fluid substance P level was 1.075 (&plusmn; .07). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between substance P level in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.656 (P&lt;.0001) and the Spearman correlationcoefficient was 0.698 (P&lt;.0001). Conclusions: Plasma substance P levels closely correlate with cerebrospinal fluid substance P levels. This will simplify the measurement of substance P in the evaluation of therapeutic agents for headache.
A Prospective Study of Juvenile Migraine With Aura
Authors: Lanzi G. , Balottin U. , Borgatti R. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe studied a group of young migraine with aura patients with whom it was possible to reconstruct the course and the characteristics of the disturbances preceding or accompanying the onset of the headache.The 47 subjects, 31 female and 16 male, were diagnosed (IHS classification) as Migraine with typical aura (n=40), Familial hemiplegic migraine (n=1l), Basilar migraine (n=6), and Migraine with prolonged aura (n=5).Visual (43 cases) and sensory disturbances (20 cases) were the most commonly described symptoms; a motor deficit was reported in 10 out of 47 cases. Other disturbances such as vertigo attacks, aphasia, spatial disorientation, loss of consciousness or a decreased level of consciousness with the appearance of automatic movements, were much rarer.In our cases the visual disturbances were not isolated but were accompanied by other symptoms in 29 cases, and in 5 of the 18 cases in which there were only visual symptoms, the disturbances presented in succession; a "march" of the sensory and motor disturbance was found in 66% and 68% of cases, respectively.The data from our cases in which the disturbance seems most frequently to originate in the occipital areas (visual disorders) and then to spread to the temporo‐parietal regions in part confirms that there is a posterior to anterior dynamic in the cerebral areas involved.
Migraine as a Sequela to Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Duckro Paul N. , Schultz Karl T. , Chibnall John T. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe occurrence of headache as a sequela of low back pain was examined in a sample of chronic pain patients. All patients had low back pain without history of head, neck, or upper back injury or headache onset simultaneous with the low back pain, Consistent with prior research, headache was found to be a common concomitant of back pain. In many patients, headache was found to have begun or exacerbated markedly after onset of low back pain. Prevalence of migraine in female patients was significantly higher than the population prevalence for females in the United States; this was not true for male patients. Potential mechanisms for explaining the high prevalence of migraine following low back pain are discussed, including increased muscle tension, psychosocial factors, and analgesic overuse.
Prolonged Impaired Consciousness in Basilar Artery Migraine
Authors: Muellbacher W. , Mamoli B. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISBasilar artery migraine is a distinctive disorder characterized by recurrent occipital headache with typical migrainous phenomena in conjunction with a variety of symptoms referable to a transient dysfunction of the brainstem, the cerebellum and the occipital lobes. Impairment of consciousness is a common feature but is usually too brief to be captured by electroencephalography. Here we report an unusual case of basilar artery migraine with prolonged attacks of impaired consciousness lasting more than two Weeks, thus allowing electroencephalographic follow‐up. In the acute stage, EEG showed marked generalized slow wave delta activity. After the attack, both the electroencephalographic and clinical findings subsided within the following weeks.
Measuring the Functional Status and Well‐Being of Patients with Migraine Headache
Authors: Osterhaus Jane T. , Townsend Raymond J. , Gandek Barbara , Ware John E. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISObjective: Compare adult migraineurs' health related quality of life to adults in the general U.S. population reporting no chronic conditions, and to samples of patients with other chronic conditions. Methods: Subjects (n=845) were surveyed 2–6 months after participation in a placebo‐controlled clinical trial and asked to complete a questionnaire including the SF‐36 Health Survey, a migraine severity measurement scale and demographics. Results were adjusted for severity of illness and comorbidities. Scores were compared with responses to the same survey by the U.S. sample and by patients with other chronic conditions. Results: Response rate was 67%. After adjustment for comorbid conditions, SF‐36 scale scores were significantly (P 0.001 ) lower in migraineurs, relative to age and sex‐adjusted norms for the U.S. sample with no chronic conditions. Some health dimensions were more affected by migraine than other chronic conditions, while other dimensions were less affected by migraine. Measures of bodily pain, role disability due to physical health and social functioning discriminated best between migraineurs, the U.S. sample, and patients with other chronic conditions. Patients reporting moderate, severe and very severe migraines scored significantly (P £ 0.001 ) lower on five of the eight SF‐36 scales than the U.S. sample. Conclusions: Migraine has a unique, significant quality of life burden.
Illness Beliefs and Alexithymia in Headache Patients
Authors: Wise Thomas N. , Mann Lee S. , Jani Niru , Jani Sushma 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISResearch regarding psychological factors in head pain have generally focused upon personality traits and psychopathology. The role of illness beliefs offers another method of elucidating perceptions, attitudes and convictions towards a somatic complaint. One hundred patients, evaluated for head pain at a neurology clinic, were administered the Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) to delineate illness beliefs; the Illness Effects Questionnaire (IEQ) to quantify the disruptive aspects of head pain; and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) to assess the subjects propensity to somatize as well as the ability to identify and report emotions. The data found no difference between subjects diagnosed with migraine syndrome and those with tension head pain in the IBQ dimensions, the TAS or in reported levels of anxiety or depression. However, chronicity of symptoms was associated with increased irritability. The clinical implications of the findings suggest that patients with head pain are psychologically distressed but often possess alexithymic characteristics that make insightful associations difficult.
Abortive Migraine Therapy in the Office with Dexamethasone and Prochlorperazine
Authors: Saadah Hanna A. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISCorticosteroids are commonly used in the abortive therapy of status migrainosus. However, this practice is based more on clinical experience than on published data. At my office, over a period of two years, 108 patients (156 migraine episodes) were treated with intravenous dexamethasone. Most of these patients had prolonged migraines that had resisted other forms of abortive therapy. The first 22 patients (32 migraine episodes) were given 10 mg of dexamethasone over 5 minutes, the next 39 patients (55 migraine episodes) were given 20 mg over 10 minutes, and the last 47 patients (69 migraine episodes) were given 3.5 mg of prochlorperazine over 5 minutes followed by 20 mg of dexamethasone over 10 minutes. Adverse effects were minor and patients with episodic migraines responded more favorably than those with intractable migraines. In the episodic migraine groups, response rates ranged from 80–89%, relapse rates from 29–35%, and remission rates from 57–83%. After the intravenous injections, repetitive oral abortive therapy was often required to treat relapses and secure remission. Adding 3.5 mg of pro‐chlorperazine to 20 mg of intravenous dexamethasone significantly shortened the response time.
Inheritance of Cluster Headache and its Possible Link to Migraine
Authors: M.D. Kudrow Lee , M.D. Kudrow David B. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe evaluated the possibility that cluster headache may be a transmitted disorder, influenced by migraine genetics. In the first part of a two part study, 24 female cluster headache probands having at least one first degree relative with cluster headache were evaluated for familial histories of cluster and migraine headache. Headache histories of most parents, sib‐lings and children were satisfactorily documented by either direct interview or by information provided by knowledgeable relatives. In approximately a third of relatives, the headache history could not be properly ascertained. The second part of the study evaluated occurrence rates of cluster and migraine headaches among first degree relatives of 200 female and 100 male cluster headache patients, and the proportion of affected relatives. These data were compared to those of 200 women and 100 men with migraine headache; family history data were, for the most part, provided by headache patients.Twenty‐four of two hundred cluster headache women (12%) had at least one first degree relative with cluster headache. Three generations of cluster headache were found in 7/ 24 kindreds (29.17%). Parental cluster headache was found in 19 of the 24 probands (79.17%); in 14/19 (73.68%), transmission was from father to proband. Fifty percent of cluster pro‐bands also had migraine headaches, and almost 50% had a family history of migraine. Similarly, of the larger population of 300 cluster patients, approximately 45% had a positive family history of migraine. Of 1652 relatives of all cluster patients, 3.45% had cluster headache (thirteen times the expected frequency of cluster headache in the general population) and 17.55% had migraine headaches.The combined occurrence rate of cluster and migraine headaches among mothers or fathers of cluster patients differed little from the parents of migraine patients (X2 = 3.16, P <.10; X2 = 0.28, P < 0.70, respectively). Migraine was significantly more common, however, among some relatives of migraineurs compared to combined frequencies of migraine and cluster headache among relatives of cluster patients. Finally, the migraine population of Goodell et al.28 was compared to our cluster headache population for occurrence of either headache type among children where neither, one or both parents had headaches. The results for our cluster population was 36.33%, 48.07% and 71.43%, respectively; this distribution was not significantly different from the migraine group of Goodell et al. (28.6%, 44.2% and 69.2%),28 and conformed to a Mendelian pattern of transmission (X2 = 37.55, P < 0.001).Results of this study provided evidence suggesting a genetic basis for cluster headache. Equally compellingwere findings suggesting a genetic link between migraine and cluster headaches. The authors have speculatedthat migraine and cluster headache may be the same disorder, genotypically, but expression of the latter mayinvolve a more complex process requiring, as yet unknown, extrinsic or intrinsic influences.
Serotonin (5‐HT) and Migraine
Authors: Silberstei Stephen D. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISSerotonin, or 5‐hydroxytryptamine [5‐HT], is a biogenic amine implicated in controlling feeding behavior, thermoregulation, sexual behavior, and sleep. 5‐HT receptors recognize at least three types of molecular structures: G protein coupled receptors, ligand gated ion channels, and transporters. It is now believed that there are at least seven different families of receptors, many of which have subtypes. The nervous system can be compared to a group of well‐modulated neural networks functioning in parallel. The serotonergic system may modulate these networks rather than actually mediate individual responses. Circumstantial evidence suggests a link between 5‐HT and migraine. Platelet HT decreases during an attack, and in some cases increased levels of metabolites are found. Many antimigraine drugs interact with 5‐HT and its receptors.
Effect of Biofeedback‐Assisted Relaxation on Migraine Headache and Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in the Middle Cerebral Artery
Authors: McGrady Angele , Wauquie Albert , McNei Apryl , Gerar Gary 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISTwenty‐three patients with diagnosed migraine headaches were randomly assigned to a biofeedback‐assisted relaxation therapy group or to a group who relaxed on their own. The biofeedback trained group decreased pain and medication more than the self relax group. Cerebral blood flow velocity was measured in the middle cerebral artery with transcranial doppler (TCD). The trained group significantly reduced systolic and mean cerebral blood flow velocity on the side with the highest velocity.
Factors Influencing Treatment‐Seeking Behavior In Problem Headache Sufferers
Authors: Rokick Lori A. , Holroy Kenneth A. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISSubject samples used in research on recurrent headache disorders typically are composed of individuals who are seeking or receiving treatment. To the extent such subjects are unrepresentative of the larger population of recurrent headache sufferers, the external validity of findings may be jeopardized. We examined young recurrent (tension‐type or migraine) headache sufferers and compared individuals who had sought treatment (N=81) and individuals who had not sought treatment (N=109) for their headache problem. Subjects who did not experience headaches (N=129) served as a comparison group. Recurrent headache sufferers who had sought treatment reported more frequent headaches and experienced problem headaches for a longer period of time than recurrent headache sufferers who had not sought treatment for their headaches. However, the two treatment‐seeking groups did not differ on measures of psychological symptoms, coping strategies, or beliefs about their headache disorder. Irrespective of whether they had sought treatment or not sought treatment for their headache problems, recurrent headache sufferers reported higher levels of depression and physical symptoms than comparison subjects. These results provide no support for the hypothesis that psychological symptoms or neuroticism are associated with treatment‐seeking behavior in recurrent headache sufferers.
Headache in Brain Tumor: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Suwanwela Nijasri , Phanthumchinda Kammant , Kaoropthum Surachai 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISHeadache is one of the cardinal features of intracranial neoplasm. However, there is little published information on the prevalence and clinical profiles of headache in patients with brain tumor. This cross‐sectional study recruited 171 cases of brain tumor. The average age was 39 years (range from 4 to 75 years). The female to male ratio was 1.2:1. The prevalence of headache was 71%. The duration of headache ranged from 3 days to 10 years with an average of 15.7 months. Most prominent headache profiles in this series were intermittent, nocturnal and early morning headache as well as headache upon arising. Most of the patients had mild to moderately severe headache. Headache is more common with tumors below the tentorium cerebelli. It is more prevalent in primary and intracerebral tumor than in metastatic and extracerebral tumor. Headache has lateralizing value, especially in patients with supratentorial lesions who have no obvious increased intracranial pressure.
Application of Metoclopramide Specificity in Migraine Attacks Therapy
Authors: Schwarzberg Moshe N. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe 5‐HT3 antagonism property of metoclopramide, acting on receptors presumably located in the trigeminovascular system, is the theoretical basis of its remarkable success, as a single intravenous agent, in the treatment of migraine attacks. The specific anti‐migraine activity of oral metoclopramide is, most probably, applicable only when its plasma level is equivalent to 10 mg injected intravenously. The clinical effective dose of ergotamine, beginning from the minimal dose of 1 mg, correlates well with its affinity for 5‐HT18 and 5‐HT1D receptors, and the rank order of clinical potency of ergotamine is superior to sumatriptan. The presumed synergic power of drugs that interact with both 5‐HT1 and 5‐HT3 receptors is examined, in order to formulate a highly potent, low headache recurrence, oral combination.
Ketorolac (Toradol ®) Induced Lithium Toxicity
Authors: Lyer Vasudeva 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA case of lithium neurotoxicity in a patient with cluster headache, resulting from coadministration of ketorolac is reported. While lithium interaction with many other NSAIDs is well‐known, ketorolac has not been incriminated.
MRI Angiography of a Patient Before and During Alcohol‐Induced Cluster Headache
Authors: Somerville Brian 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA 25‐year‐old man, subject to bouts of left supraorbital cluster headache on an annual basis over the previous 8 years, volunteered for MRI angiography during an active period. Studies were conducted before and during a typical cluster headache attack induced by alcohol. MRI angiography failed to show dilatation of the ophthalmic artery on either the symptomatic side, or the non‐symptomatic side during headache, nor was there observed any dilatation of the anterior cerebral arteries on either side.
Inter‐Observer Agreement in the Diagnosis of Childhood Headache
Authors: Wolstein Jörg R. , Seshia Shashi S. , Haese Philip , Adams Coleen , Booth Frances A. , Reggin James D. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe prospectively assessed inter‐observer agreement in the diagnosis of recurrent headaches in children. Clinical letters containing information on 40 children with headaches (age 4.3 to 17.8 years, median 10.4 years) were given to four Pediatric Neurologists. One or more headache types could be checked off on a data sheet that listed the main types recognized by the International Headache Society and an additional one, “combined migraine and tension‐type headache”. There were six combinational pairs of neurologists. The six pairs yielded 240 sets of diagnoses. Percentage agreement ranged from 45% to 78%, Kappa values from 0.20 to 0.59, and weighted Kappa from 0.19 to 0.52 within the six pairs. Agreement was 76% when both neurologists in a pair assigned single headache types and 4% when one or both neurologists diagnosed multiple types. The International Headache Society suggests that patients may have multiple types of headache and recommends that all types be classified. We suggest that the option of diagnosing more than one headache type from data in clinical letters may reduce inter‐observer agreement.
Is Temporomandibular Dysfunction a Cranial Dystonia? An Electrophysiological Study
Authors: Raudino Francesco 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISIn 26 patients suffering from temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) the silent period (ES), which consists of an early (ES1) and a late (ES2) inhibition which interrupts the voluntary electromyographic activity after an electrical stimulus, was recorded from the masseter muscles. Several different patterns were identified: in 8 patients (group I) the ES was normal; in I patient (group II) the ES was entirely absent; in 11 patients (group III) only the ES2 was absent and in 6 patients (group IV) ES1 and ES2 were combined. Such results can be explained by hypothesizing several functional states: normal excitability in group I, absolute (group II) or relative (group III) inexcitability and hyperexcitability in group IV. A central origin of TMD can be related either to a “dysregulation” of circuits located in the brainstem which give rise to the ES or to the centers, probably located in the basal ganglia, which control the circuits of the brainstem.