bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upper gastrointestinal tract immune‐related adverse events: Two cases of obstructive complications occurred in immune consolidation therapy after sequential chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for refractory/relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Chunrui , Cao Yang , Wang Na , Huang Liang , Shang Zhen , Wang Jue , Huang Lifang , Xu Jinhuan , Xiao Min , Chen Liting , Zhu Xiaojian , Zhang Yicheng , Xiao Yi 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageImmune checkpoint inhibitors are a very popular method of treating malignant tumors. But its side effects cannot be ignored. This study revealed obstructive complications during immune consolidation therapy following sequential chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in two patients with diffuse large b cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Both our patients had the same symptoms of vomiting and inability to eat due to pyloric obstruction, it should be highlighted that this is a relatively rare and irreversible complication of upper gastrointestinal caused by immune consolidation therapy.AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the standard therapy for many malignant tumors.However, ICIs are associated with unique immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) caused by dysregulated immune activation and associated complications have been observed in patients. Here, we report two cases of patients with pyloric obstruction and duodenal ulcers induced by the use of sintilimab, which provides some guidance for the widely used anti‐programmed death‐1 therapy. During the entire treatment progression for such patients, the correct differential diagnosis of adverse effects and the use of immunosuppressive agents such as glucocorticoids are essential to facilitate early prevention and intervention of irAEs.
Misdiagnosed gastric diverticulum as a left adrenal lesion on imaging
Authors: Zhang Jing‐Yan , Qian Chenchen , Pan Chun‐Wu 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageGastric diverticulum in the posterior wall of the stomach is very rare, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed as a left adrenal mass on imaging. Therefore, we must consider the possibility of gastric diverticulum when diagnosing a left adrenal mass.AbstractThis paper reports a case of gastric diverticulum that was misdiagnosed as a left adrenal mass on abdominal enhanced CT. The patient underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy, but there was no mass in the left adrenal found during surgery. After the incision of the retroperitoneum, a cystic mass was found adjacent to the posterior gastric wall which turned out to be gastric diverticulum. This case suggests that gastric diverticulum, a rare disease, may be interpreted as an adrenal mass on imaging. Therefore, as a urologist, the gastric diverticulum must be excluded when CT suggests a mass in the left adrenal region.
Radiographic and serologic response in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma receiving systemic antineoplastic treatments: A trial‐level analysis
Authors: Colloca Giuseppe A. , Venturino Antonella 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn a disease like unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, overall survival is an inadequate outcome measure for evaluating the effectiveness of treatments given the high risk of death from liver failure. There is an unmet need for reliable alternative end points for clinical trials and daily clinical practice. To evaluate treatment response in patients with unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (mHCC), imaging‐related end points are often used, whereas serologic end points have been developed for patients with serum alpha‐fetoprotein levels >20 ng/mL. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical trials that report concomitant assessment of radiographic and serologic response in patients with mHCC.MethodsAfter a systematic review, studies that evaluated response according to radiographic and serologic criteria were selected. A correlation between progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed, and a linear regression of each response‐related outcome measure with OS was reported. Finally, the effect of eight baseline variables on OS and response‐related measures was evaluated.ResultsTwenty‐six studies were included, including 16 first‐line studies and 10 second‐line studies. PFS and response rates demonstrated a significant relationship with OS, whereas disease control rates did not. The responses were correlated with OS, particularly in the first‐line setting, after targeted therapy, and whenever assessment was early. Among the baseline variables, only performance status had a prognostic role, whereas hepatitis B virus‐related liver disease was associated with higher radiographic response rates.ConclusionsPFS and radiographic and serologic response rates appear to be reliable intermediate end points in patients with mHCC who are undergoing systemic antineoplastic therapy. However, the serologic response is available earlier.
SMAD4 inhibits glycolysis in ovarian cancer through PI3K/AKT/HK2 signaling pathway by activating ARHGAP10
Authors: Wu Kui , Gong Wei , Sun Huanmei , Li Wenjiao , Chen Li , Duan Yingchun , Zhu Jianlong , Zhang Hu , Ke Huihui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundARHGAP10 is a tumor‐suppressor gene related to ovarian cancer (OC) progression; however, its specific mechanism is unclear.AimsTo investigate the effect of ARHGAP10 on OC cell migration, invasion, and glycolysis.Methods and ResultsQuantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) quantified mRNA and protein expressions of AKT, p‐AKT, HK2, and SMAD4 were tested by Western blot. EdU, Wound healing, and Transwell assay were utilized to evaluate OC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We used a Seahorse XF24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer to monitor cellular oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and extracellular acidification rates (ECAR). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was used to analyze the transcriptional regulation of ARHGAP10 by SMAD4. ARHGAP10 expression in OC tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that ARHGAP10 expression was negatively related to lactate levels in human OC tissues. ARHGAP10 overexpression can inhibit the migration, proliferation, and invasion of OC cells, and this function can be blocked by 2‐Deoxy‐D‐glucose. Moreover, we found that ARHGAP10 expression can be rescued with the AKT inhibitor LY294002.ConclusionsThis study revealed that the antitumor effects of ARHGAP10 in vivo and in vitro possibly suppress oncogenic glycolysis through the PI3K/AKT/HK2‐regulated glycolysis metabolism pathway.
Intravenous Ganaxolone: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Tolerability in Healthy Adults
Authors: Gasior Maciej , Husain Aatif , Barra Megan E. , Raja Shruti M. , MacLeod David , Guptill Jeffrey T. , Vaitkevicius Henrikas , Rybak Eva 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGanaxolone, a neuroactive steroid anticonvulsant that modulates both synaptic and extrasynaptic γ‐aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors, is in development for treatment of status epilepticus (SE) and rare epileptic disorders, and has been approved in the United States for treatment of seizures associated with cyclin‐dependent kinase‐like 5 deficiency disorder in patients ≥2 years old. This phase 1 study in 36 healthy volunteers evaluated the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of intravenous ganaxolone administered as a (i) single bolus, (ii) infusion, and (iii) bolus followed by continuous infusion. After a single bolus over 2 minutes (20 mg) or 5 minutes (10 or 30 mg), ganaxolone was detected in plasma with a median Tmax of 5 minutes, whereas a 60‐minute infusion (10 or 30 mg) or a bolus (6 mg over 5 minutes) followed by infusion (20 mg/h) for 4 hours achieved a median Tmax of approximately 1 and 3 hours, respectively. Cmax was dose and administration‐time dependent, ranging from 73.8 ng/mL (10 mg over 5 minutes) to 1240 ng/mL (30 mg over 5 minutes). Bolus doses above 10 mg of ganaxolone markedly influenced the bispectral index score with a rapid decline; smaller changes occurred on the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scale and in quantitative electroencephalogram. Most adverse events were of mild severity, with 2 events of moderate severity; none were reported as serious. No effects on systemic hemodynamics or respiratory functions were reported. Overall, ganaxolone was generally well tolerated at the doses studied and demonstrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties suitable to treat SE.
In situ synthesis of AgI on the nanosilica surface for potential application as a cloud seeding material
Authors: Nosach Liudmyla , Bodnar Yankovych Halyna , Skwarek Ewa , Melnyk Inna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA series of nanosilica/AgI composites was synthesized by in situ reactions between silver nitrate and ammonium iodide deposited on the nanosilica surface using the gas‐phase solvate‐stimulated mechanosorption modification (GSSMSM) under both dry and wet conditions. The characterization of the synthesized materials was performed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), SEM/EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy‐Energy Dispersive X‐ray), thermogravimetric (TGA) and gas sorption methods. As a result of the mechanosorption modification of nanosilica, the bulk density of the samples synthesized in the dry and wet medium increases from 45 g/l for initial nanosilica to 249 g/l and 296 g/l for the modified samples, respectively. The specific surface area of the composites decreased in compared to the nanosilica precursor. The SEM data showed a denser aggregate structure of the nanocomposites compared to the initial nanosilica. The XRD, SEM/EDX and TEM/EDX data indicated the formation of AgI clusters. The AgI particle size was in the range of 6–45 nm. The ice‐forming activity of the AgI‐containing samples was examined as well. The sample with a smaller size of silver iodide on the surface exhibited superior ice‐forming properties, and considering the quantity of utilized AgI, the prepared samples hold promise for application in this field.
Biomass partitioning reveals the adaptability of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) in an arid ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Tan Jin , Wu Xiuqin , He Yuxin , Li Yaning , Li Xu , Yu Xiaomeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTiger nuts (Cyperus esculentus L.) have been widely cultivated as a bioenergy crop in northern China. The value of tubers is receiving special attention, but the lack of information on how organs of tiger nuts coordinate resources to adapt to arid environments has limited the potential tuber production and diverse use. To address this knowledge gap, we experimented in the Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia (106° 33′ 28″ E, 40° 27′ 32″ N). Three fertilizer treatments were applied: zero fertilizer (N:P = 0:0), traditional fertilizer (N:P = 15:15), and additional nitrogen fertilizer (N:P = 60:15). Investigations were conducted at seedling, rhizome production, tuber formation, and tuber maturation stages. The results showed that under zero fertilizer, tiger nuts allocated biomass predominantly to propagative organs, namely rhizomes and tubers. However, an increase in leaf area or root surface area would necessitate more investment in leaf or root dry mass, resulting in diminishing returns. For biomass allocation, tiger nut responded the same way to traditional fertilizer treatment and zero fertilizer treatment, but the tuber number and yield increase under traditional fertilizer application. Additional nitrogen fertilizer stimulated shoot production through accelerated rhizome production aided by leaf area increasing. Fertilizer application can significantly increase both the number of tiger nuts and tuber yield. Nitrogen addition positively influenced aboveground biomass and enhanced rhizome tillering. Strong adaptability of tiger nuts makes the plant a suitable pioneer crop for developing marginal lands. The robust aboveground growth after nitrogen application enhances suitability for pasture utilization.
The impact of the environmental, social and governance dimensions of sustainability on firm risk in the hospitality and tourism industry
Authors: García C. José , Herrero Begoña , Morillas‐Jurado Francisco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the relationship between adherence to corporate social responsibility goals and firm financial risk. Data on an international sample of 209 firms were collected for the period 2002 to 2022. Firm risk was proxied using stock return volatility and probability of default. The results show that the environmental performance of hospitality and tourism firms unequivocally influences firm risk, whether this risk is quantified as probability of default or volatility of stock market returns. This finding confirms that the adoption of environmentally sustainable and responsible practices is crucial not only for the environment but also for the stability of hospitality and tourism firms.
Molecular Symmetry of Small‐Molecule Passivating Agents Improves Crystal Quality of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Jialing , He Jingwen , Wu Wenjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDirect interaction with the defect sites of perovskite, functional groups have become the focal point of attention as passivating agents. However, the molecular parent nucleus determines the overall physical properties of the molecule, including the push‐pull electronic characteristics of the functional groups, which poses significant challenges in terms of selectivity. Here, we discovered that the binary acid structure based on thiophene as the parent nucleus, due to changes in molecular symmetry, caused significant changes in the molecular dipole moment, resulting in significant changes in the passivation effects on under‐coordinated Pb2+ in perovskite solar cells. For the axially symmetric thiophen‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid (TPDC), the high dipole moment formed a concentrated surface negative potential on the carboxyl group, showing significant superiority over the centrally symmetric thieno[3,2‐b] thiophene‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid (TTDC) in forming high‐quality perovskite crystals, suppressing charge recombination, enhancing effective charge transport, and raising internal electric fields. The power conversion efficiencies of the fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells based on TPDC and TTDC were 17.15 % and 14.79 %, respectively, exhibiting important research value in the field of small molecule passivation mechanism research.
Signal‐interference‐based quasi‐reflectionless bandpass filter for wideband and high‐selectivity
Authors: Guo Yiming , Qiu Lei‐Lei , Deng Lianwen , Wu Yueyang , Wang Yumin , Huang Shengxiang 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThis paper proposes a wideband quasi‐reflectionless bandpass filter with high‐selectivity based on signal‐interference method. The bandpass filter is composed of a bandpass section and two absorptive sections, which consist of a quarter‐wavelength coupled line and signal‐interfering/resistively loaded path, respectively. The bandpass section mainly performs bandpass filtering characteristics while the absorptive sections are applied to consume the reflected signals. By virtue of rationally setting electric lengths and characteristic impedances of the absorptive section to form signal interference, signal dissipation within a wider frequency range and higher selectivity can be realized. Finally, the quasi‐reflectionless bandpass filter was designed and demonstrated with well‐matched measurement and simulation results. Compared with conventional works, the proposed bandpass filter can simultaneously attain wideband, high‐selectivity, and two‐port quasi‐reflectionless performance within a single‐layer topology and well‐integrated structure owing to the signal‐interference technology. The proposed technique may be extensively applied in the RF front‐end and decreases the effect on the stability of communication systems caused by reflected signal.
Medicines optimization prior to discharge in patients admitted to hospital with heart failure
Authors: Cuthbert Joseph J. , Brown Oliver I. , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Dobbs Karen , Bulemfu Jeanne , Kazmi Syed , Sokoreli Ioanna , Pauws Steffan C. , Riistama Jarno M. , Cleland John G.F. , Clark Andrew L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsApproximately half of patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction (HeFREF) are discharged from hospital on triple therapy [angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE‐Is) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), beta‐blockers (BBs), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs)]. We investigated what proportion of patients are on optimal doses prior to discharge and how many might be eligible for initiation of sacubitril–valsartan or sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is).Methods and resultsBetween 2012 and 2017, 1277 patients admitted with suspected heart failure were enrolled at a single hospital serving a local community around Kingston upon Hull, UK. Eligibility for sacubitril–valsartan or SGLT2I was based on entry criteria for the PIONEER‐HF, DAPA‐HF, and EMPEROR‐Reduced trials. Four hundred fifty‐five patients had HeFREF with complete data on renal function, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) prior to discharge. Eighty‐three per cent of patients were taking an ACE‐I or ARB, 85% a BB, and 63% an MRA at discharge. More than 60% of patients were eligible for sacubitril–valsartan and >70% for SGLT2I. Among those not already receiving a prescription, 37%, 28%, and 49% were eligible to start ACE‐I or ARB, BB, and MRA, respectively. Low SBP (≤105 mmHg) was the most frequent explanation for failure to initiate or up‐titrate therapy.ConclusionsMost patients admitted for heart failure are eligible for initiation of life‐prolonging medications prior to discharge. A hospital admission may be a common missed opportunity to improve treatment for patients with HeFREF.
Base‐Catalyzed Synthesis of N‐Aryl Thioacetamides from Multicomponent Reaction of Phenylacetylenes, Sulfur and Anilines
Authors: Hang Nguyen Minh , Sam Nguyen Hai , Anh Nguyen Le , Ngoc Nguyen Bich , Thuong Cao Hai , Hung Mac Dinh , Binh Nguyen Thanh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the presence of a base catalyst (20 mol %) such as DBU, DABCO or Na2S ⋅ 3H2O/N‐methylpyrrolidone, phenylacetylenes were found to efficiently undergo sulfurative amination with elemental sulfur and anilines under neat conditions, leading to N‐aryl thioamides with complete atom efficiency.
Recent insight on nutritional value, active phytochemicals, and health‐enhancing characteristics of fig (Ficus craica)
Authors: Alzahrani Manar Yahya , Alshaikhi Asmaa Ibrahim , Hazzazi Jumanah Samir , Kurdi Jumanah Reda , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe current review highlights the nutritional values, phytochemical profile, and health‐enhancing characteristics of figs (Ficus carica L., family Moraceae). Ficus carica is one of the oldest fruit trees. The fruit has been appreciated as food and for its biomedical properties since ancient times. Ficus carica contains essential bioactive compounds that enhance health. The plant is characterized by unique compounds in all parts (peel, pulp, leaves, seed, and latex) besides primary nutrients (fatty acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals). Ficus carica is rich in bioactive secondary products such as flavonoids, furanocoumarin, anthocyanin, pectin, and phytosterols, contributing to many health benefits. Bioactive phytonutrients found in fig are used as antioxidant and antidiabetic agents due to the presence of specific functional groups that control diabetes. The health‐enhancing effects of fig, including anti‐tumor, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐osteoporosis, are related to high levels of minerals essential to bone health and their benefits on Alzheimer's disease. All parts of Ficus carica have been used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical products, especially wound healing. In addition, Ficus carica has many uses in food items as a colorant and a preservative. To the best of knowledge, there is a lack of reports discussing the biochemistry, bioactivity, and medicinal traits of Ficus carica and the plant parts. This review gathered scientific information regarding the chemical profile, biological traits, and different uses of Ficus carica.
Application of Pistacia atlantica Pickering emulsion‐filled chitosan gel for targeted delivery of curcumin
Authors: Naji‐Tabasi Sara , Shakeri Monir‐sadat , Modiri‐Dovom Atena , Shahbazizadeh Saeedeh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmulsion‐filled hydrogels are a growing system in the food industry for delivering bioactive compounds. In this study, Baneh gum (BG) particles were prepared as a Pickering emulsion stabilizer for curcumin delivery. Then, BG Pickering emulsion was added to the chitosan solution (1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5% w/w) in different Pickering emulsion (PE):hydrogel (HYD) ratios (1:3, 1:5, and 1:7) to create an emulsion‐filled gel. The highest amount of Cur stability after the 3rd week of storage was observed in the sample containing 2.0% CS and a 1:7 PE:HYD ratio (97.36%). Pickering emulsion and emulsion‐filled gel significantly protected the antioxidant activity of curcumin against the thermal process (p < .05). Curcumin loading in the emulsion‐filled gel provided better protection against the gastric condition compared to the emulsion system. The chitosan hydrogel swells in an acidic environment, but its combination with the anionic structure of the emulsion causes a lower release of curcumin in the stomach environment, which can help the stability of curcumin in the digestive system and have a controlled release in the gastrointestinal tract.
Aspirin intake and head and neck cancer: A pooled analysis within the INHANCE consortium
Authors: Sassano Michele , Taborelli Martina , Boccia Stefania , Cadoni Gabriella , La Vecchia Carlo , Garavello Werner , Lazarus Philip , Lee Yuan‐Chin Amy , Hashibe Mia , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAspirin intake might be inversely associated with head and neck cancer (HNC). Thus, we investigated this relationship within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium.MethodsFour case–control studies within the INHANCE consortium were included (2024 cases, 4196 controls). Study‐specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression and subsequently pooled with DerSimonian‐Laird random‐effects model. Nonlinearity of the relationship between duration of intake and HNC was modeled with fractional polynomials.ResultsAspirin was inversely associated with HNC overall (OR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.91). Results for laryngeal cancer were similar (OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.96). Analysis on duration of intake confirmed findings for HNC overall, showing also inverse associations for oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancer.ConclusionsThis study suggests that aspirin intake may reduce the risk of HNC, driven mainly by decreases in risk for laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer.