bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of the natural course of subclinical hypothyroidism in young athletes
Authors: Stolyarova S. А. , Okorokov P. L. , Zyabkin I. V. , Babaeva E. V. , Isaeva E. P. 
Published: November 2023

Objective: to assess the natural course of subclinical hypothyroidism in young athletes.Methods: In the prospective single-center uncontrolled study, data from 3,062 outpatient records of young athletes (members of the Russian national team) of both sexes (middle age — 15 [14; 16] years) and underwent medical examination in the period from January 2021 to September 2022 were studied. All athletes were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of subclinical hypothyroidism (an increase in the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone from 5 to 10 mUn/l with a normal level of T4 free). During a dynamic follow-up (1 year), athletes with subclinical hypothyroidism underwent a repeated study of the concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and antibodies to thyroperoxidase.Results: Signs of subclinical hyperthyroidism were found in 58 young athletes (30 boys (51.7 %) and 28 (48.3 %) girls). During dynamic observation with continued habitual physical activity, spontaneous normalization of the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone was observed in 74 % of young athletes. At the same time, normalization of thyroid-stimulating hormone in girls was observed less often compared to boys (p = 0,272). In no case did clinically pronounced hypothyroidism develop.Conclusion: The majority of young male and female athletes with subclinical hypothyroidism have spontaneous normalization of hormonal profile against the background of persistent physical and psycho-emotional stress. The data obtained make it possible, subject to the possibility of dynamic observation, to recommend doctors working with young elite athletes not to prescribe hormonal replacement therapy and not to modify the usual lifestyle.
Perception and Practice of Maternal Nutrition among Pregnant Women in Primary Health Centres Ogbomoso-North Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogungbenro Oluwatomisin , Fajobi Timothy , Morafa Wisdom , Eniola Oluwadara 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Maternal nutrition and practices among pregnant women are crucial factors that significantly impact the health and well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus. Adequate nutrition during pregnancy is essential to support fetal growth and development, and to also maintain the health of the pregnant women. This study will therefore assess the perception and practice of Maternal nutrition among pregnant women attending selected Primary Health Centres.

Methods: The study adopted a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 125 pregnant women from Katangua and Ibrahim Primary Health Centres at Ogbomoso North Local government. Ethical approval was taken to both centres. Questionnaire was used as the instrument of data collection during clinic visit. The data collected was analyzed with SPSS using descriptive statistics.

Results: The result of the study revealed an overall good perception (97.6%) of maternal nutrition. Contrariwise, there is a disturbing rate of poor nutritional practice as majority (45.6%) rarely eat fruits and vegetables during pregnancy. There is no significant relationship between the level of education (p=0.129), perception (p=0.894) and the practice of nutrition among pregnant women. Family income and family size were the leading factors associated with nutritional practices among respondents.

Discussion: Reorienting the health system using primary health care (PHC) approach is important in improving the nutritional practices and the general well-being of pregnant women, as it gives access to them at grassroot level. Also, it is imperative for health professionals, especially nurses, to raise awareness regarding the importance of maternal nutrition during pregnancy. This will help to improve maternal nutritional perception and practice.
AUTISMO E A REDUÇÃO DE CARGA-HORÁRIA NA POLÍCIA MILITAR DO PARANÁ
Authors: Bozzi Brunno Martinez , Frezato Luciano Roberto 
Published: November 2023

Em 22 de setembro de 2022, foi lançado pela Polícia Militar do Paraná a Portaria nº 849 referente ao processo de concessão de redução de carga horária aos policiais militares que têm a missão de cuidar de um ente com o Transtorno Espectro do Autismo (TEA), uma vez que a pessoa com TEA demanda cuidados específicos da família e amigos. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a aplicabilidade da referida portaria bem como as campanhas de conscientização sobre o Autismo na PMPR, que tem mostrado a preocupação da Instituição em dar suporte aos militares que passam por esta situação. Com a finalidade de corroborar com o Comando da Corporação, através de um “feedback” da aplicação da Portaria neste um ano de vigência, deve-se analisar os impasses encontrados pela tropa da PMPR no processo de redução de carga horária nos casos relacionados ao Autismo.
A PRODUÇÃO DE PROVAS DE OFÍCIO PELO JUIZ: CONSTITUCIONALIDADE DO ARTIGO 156 DO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO PENAL FRENTE À NOVIDADE LEGISLATIVA TRAZIDA PELA LEI 13.964/19
Authors: Pereira Silva Renato , Ferreira Moraes Laislla 
Published: November 2023

O objeto da presente pesquisa baseia-se em um tema atual de relevância prática e jurídica. A participação com iniciativa de ofício pelo Juiz no processo penal, tem sido tema de discussão assídua na doutrina, na jurisprudência brasileira e de profissionais do direito. Isso devido à inserção no ordenamento jurídico da Lei 13.964/19, consagrando o sistema acusatório no Brasil, trazendo um dispositivo (art. 3-A) ao Código de Processo Penal, proibindo expressamente a atuação probatória do juiz sem, entretanto, revogar outros dispositivos que permitem essa atuação. Portanto, no decorrer do presente trabalho, será estudado o sistema acusatório e o sistema inquisitório em suas peculiaridades, bem como um estudo através da observância da atuação do juiz, explanando a possibilidade de atuação de oficio ou não do juiz no processo penal, bem como o recente julgamento das ADI's nº6.298, 6.299, 6.300 e 6.305. Vê-se assim, que o Supremo entendeu pela possibilidade de produção probatória ex officio pelo magistrado. A metodologia usada para construção do presente estudo é de cunho bibliográfico, com base em pesquisas jurisprudências, sites e periódicos.
Sports Governance and Ethics: Investigating Global Efforts to Ensure Fair Play and Integrity in Sports
Authors: Andrews Sam 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The main objective of the study was to investigate global efforts to ensure fair play and integrity in sports.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to sports and ethics- investigating global efforts to ensure fair play and integrity in sports. Preliminary empirical review revealed that ethical leadership sets the tone for an organization's culture and significantly influences the ethical conduct of athletes, officials, and stakeholders. Therefore, it is imperative for sports organizations to prioritize the development and reinforcement of ethical leadership at all levels. In addition to that, the studies have underscored the significance of anti-doping programs in preserving fair play in sports. These programs have proven effective in detecting and deterring the use of performance-enhancing substances. However, there is an ongoing need for continuous improvement in anti-doping strategies, with a particular emphasis on enhancing detection methods and ensuring consistent enforcement across all sports and regions.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Institutional theory, ethical leadership theory and Diffusion of Innovation theory may be used to anchor future studies relating to sports. The study recommended for strengthening of ethical leadership, enhancing transparency and accountability, continuous improvement of anti-doping measures, promoting of cross cultural sensitivity among others.
ALIMENTACIÓN SALUDABLE
Authors: Muñoz S. Vielka E. 
Published: November 2023

Mediante esta investigación se evidenció el nivel de desconocimiento sobre la alimentación saludable, los buenos hábitos alimenticios, el nivel de concientización y valoración de la salud, en los estudiantes universitarios que cursan estudios en la Universidad de Panamá, Centro Regional de Panamá Oeste. Inspirados en los esfuerzos por cumplir los ODS 2030, objetivos de Desarrollo sostenible sobre los sistemas alimentarios, en donde proponen medidas innovadoras y ambiciosas para que, en todo el mundo, se cambie el modo de producir y consumir alimentos se lleva a cabo esta investigación. Según informes estadísticos del Ministerio de Salud, sobre la tasa de enfermedades crónicas de la región de salud de Panamá Oeste, al 2019, se contabilizaron 24,246 pacientes con enfermedades como obesidad, enfermedades hipertensivas y diabetes mellitus. En el 2017, según el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos, se contabilizaron 19,482 defunciones, cuyas principales causas eran las enfermedades no transmisibles. No obstante, en esta investigación, se buscó identificar las respuestas a las siguientes preguntas ¿Los estudiantes tienen conocimiento sobre las consecuencias de alimentación no-sana? ¿Cuáles son los factores que inciden en los niveles de obesidad, en los estudiantes? ¿Cuáles son las barreras y desafíos que enfrentan los estudiantes para adoptar y mantener una alimentación saludable? ¿Cómo puede la universidad contribuir al cuidado de su salud? El proceso metodológico de esta investigación es cuantitativo. Se utilizó como instrumento de recolección de datos la encuesta, diseñada en formato Google y fue aplicada a los estudiantes de las distintas carreras y en los tres (3) turnos, en forma presencial. Los resultados obtenidos sientan las bases para el desarrollo de programas de responsabilidad social universitaria, e implementación de estrategias direccionadas a promover los buenos hábitos alimenticios entre los estudiantes, de forma que contribuyamos activamente en disminuir los índices de mortalidad de la provincia de Panamá Oeste, provocados por enfermedades no transmisibles como lo son: la obesidad, hipertensión, diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares.
FUNCIÓN PEDAGÓGICA DEL DIRECTOR ESCOLAR
Authors: Aparicio de Torres Ilka , Fiedler de Gordón Tania 
Published: November 2023

El presente artículo de revisión literaria se centra en el papel del director como el líder en la función pedagógica dentro de un entorno educativo. Examina las habilidades y atributos necesarios para un desempeño efectivo de sus funciones al liderar y dirigir los procesos pedagógicos que orientan a los docentes en la implementación de prácticas que generen un impacto positivo en la educación.

La intención del artículo es proporcionar una visión generalizada de la importancia e impacto de la función pedagógica del director escolar, desde las consideraciones de distintos autores. Para ello se recurre a la revisión de la literatura que se realizó mediante una búsqueda en bases de datos académicas. Se seleccionaron estudios que abordaran las funciones pedagógicas inherentes a un director, publicados entre 2010 y 2023. Los estudios se analizaron de forma sistemática, identificando las principales tendencias y hallazgos.
En la revisión de la literatura, se encontró una convergencia entre los autores en torno al papel del director escolar como actor clave en la transformación de la escuela. Los autores coinciden en que el director escolar, como líder pedagógico, debe contar con las competencias necesarias para liderar el cambio educativo y lograr un impacto significativo en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes; meta esencial de todo centro educativo.
Building Citizens for the Future: A Case Study of 4-H Members’ Experiences During the Citizenship Washington Focus Program
Authors: Alayna N. Jackson  , Richie Roberts  
Published: November 2023

In recent decades, numerous approaches have been used to promote the development of youth’s civic identity. Evidence of the success of these approaches, however, is insufficient. In response, this case study sought to document the outcomes of Louisiana 4-H members who participated in the Citizen Washington Focus (CWF) program. Through our analysis of the data, five themes emerged: (1) Positive Sparks, (2) Learning About Self and Others, (3) Youth-Adult Partnerships, (4) Program Engagement, and (5) Practicing Civic Skills. We interpreted findings through the lens of Arnold’s 4-H Thriving Model, which provided insight into how the 4-H members experienced civic identity development as a result of the CWF program. We concluded CWF served as a powerful way to assist youth in developing their civic identity. For example, participants discussed building skills and practicing such during the program, which improved their self-efficacy. The 4-H members also highlighted bill writing and civil discourse as skills they transferred into their lives after returning home. Going forward, implications and recommendations are offered for future research, theory, and practice.
Modern Germany
Authors: Johnson Wendell G. , Barbe Katharina 
Published: November 2023

Modern Germany explores life, society, and history in this comprehensive thematic encyclopedia, spanning such topics as geography, pop culture, the media, and gender.
Germany and its capital, Berlin, were the fulcrum of geopolitics in the twentieth century. After the Second World War, Germany was a divided nation. Many German citizens were born and educated and continued to work in eastern Germany (the former German Democratic Republic).
This title in the Understanding Modern Nations series seeks to explain contemporary life and traditional culture through thematic encyclopedic entries. Themes in the book cover geography; history; politics and government; economy; religion and thought; social classes and ethnicity; gender, marriage, and sexuality; education; language; etiquette; literature and drama; art and architecture; music and dance; food; leisure and sports; and media and pop culture. Within each theme, short topical entries cover a wide array of key concepts and ideas, from LGBTQ issues in Germany to linguistic dialects to the ever-famous Oktoberfest. Geared specifically toward high school and undergraduate German students, readers interested in history and travel will find this book accessible and engaging.
AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRADUATE INTERNSâ€™ CAPABILITIES ON THE SUCCESSFUL OF KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER PROGRAMME IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohidin Rosle , Saufi Roselina Ahmad , Mahmud Roslinah , A.B.U. Zatul Karamah , Mad Nordin Mariam Firdhaus 
Published: November 2023

is a prerequisite for a success of knowledge transfer programme initiatives. The effort provides a platform for exchange of ideas either tangible or intangible, expertise, explicit or implicit knowledge and skills among parties involved. Companies are now beginning to recognize the fundamental value of knowledge transfer mechanism on how it is acquired, used and shared which contribute to their core competencies and in making sound strategic decisions to maintain the competitive advantage in todayâ€™s business environment. As to promote the ideas of knowledge transfer, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Malaysia has underlined the graduate internsâ€™ capability as one of the areas under the critical agenda which need to be addressed in portraying the success of the knowledge transfer programme (KTP). Therefore, in order to obtain deeper insights of the issue, this project attempts to examine the contribution of graduate intern capabilities towards the success of KTP project in Malaysia. This study has employed a questionnaire that has been distributed to academics in the public universities in Malaysia who have obtained KTP grants from the government. The study has revealed that graduate internsâ€™ capabilities contribute significantly to the implementation of knowledge transfer projects. Thus, higher education institutions must then address and review its present teaching and learning delivery to enhance studentsâ€™ capabilities in dealing with the industry as well as with community.
Keywords: knowledge transfer, graduate internsâ€™ capability, tacit knowledge, implicit knowledge, explicit knowledge, knowledge transfer mechanism
STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS PLANNING PRACTICES AND PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
Authors: Harun Hisyam , Hashim Mohd Khairuddin 
Published: November 2023

Despite the relevance and applicability of strategic information systems planning (SISP) to private and public organizations, the literature review indicates very few studies have attempted to investigate the relationships between SISP practices and performance of organizations in the public sector. In an attempt to address this issue, this study examined the relationships between SISP practices and performance of government agencies. The data for the study was data gathered from 54 government agencies in Malaysia that adopted the SISP. Based on the analysis of the data collected from the government agencies, the results of the study indicated significant positive relationships between SISP practices and performance of the agencies.Keywords:Â Strategic information, planning, government, public sector.
SEJARAH ASAL USUL IRANUN DAN BALANGINGI DI TUNGKU, 1840-1879
Authors: MOHAMMAD SHAM MOHAMMAD  , MOSLI TARSAT  
Published: November 2023

Artikel ini mengupas tentang sejarah asal usul Iranun dan Balangingi di kawasan Tungku, Lahad Datu. Kedua-dua suku kaum ini merupakan antara suku kaum yang sebahagian besarnya terlibat dengan aktiviti ekonomi berasaskan kelautan. Terdapat juga sebahagian suku kaum ini yang terlibat dalam menjalankan aktiviti kegiatan pelanunan di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Kegiatan pelanunan telah dikaitkan dengan suku kaum ini disebabkan kemahiran pelayaran. Budaya cara hidup suku kaum ini khususnya yang menjalankan aktiviti pelanunan dan penculikan hamba di sepanjang perairan Kepulauan Borneo telah menyebabkan mereka telah ditakuti oleh para pelayar. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif iaitu temu bual selain sumber rujukan dan akhbar dan buku. Hasil kajian awal mendapati kedudukan geografi menjadi salah satu pemangkin kehadiran mereka di kawasan Tungku, Lahad Datu.

The paper discusses about Iranun and Balangingi are sea tribes that carry out marine economic activities, especially fishing activities in Southeast Asia. Piracy activities have been associated with this tribe due to their sailing skills, especially in searching for slaves. The way of life of this tribe has become a culture to carry out fishing activities along this area of the Borneo archipelago. Records of these two races were found in Tungku, Lahad Datu due to its close geographical position in the Sulu archipelago. There are two main seas that surround the area of Tungku, Lahad Datu, namely the Sulu and Sulawesi seas. This study uses qualitative methods which are interviews, newspapers and books. This study was conducted to highlight the origins of Iranun and Balangingi in Tungku, Lahad Datu. The results of the preliminary study found that the geographical position was one of the catalysts for their presence in the Tungku area, Lahad Datu. The importance of this study is to detect the existence of Iranun and Balangingi in the area of Teluk Darvel which is Tungku. Tungku was the main settlement area that was carried out as a trade link during the era of Syarif Usman, Teluk Marudu.
The climate in Poland (central Europe) in the first half of the last millennium, revisited
Authors: Przybylak Rajmund , Oliński Piotr , Koprowski Marcin , Szychowska-Krąpiec Elżbieta , Krąpiec Marek , Pospieszyńska Aleksandra , Puchałka Radosław 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The article presents updated knowledge on climate change in Poland (central Europe) in the first half of the last millennium (1001–1500). This knowledge is required to delimit the existence, duration, and scale of the Medieval Warm Period (MWP, also called the Medieval Climate Anomaly, MCA, here). To this end, it employs all available quantitative climate reconstructions created for Poland in the last 2 decades and four new reconstructions using three dendrochronological series and an extensive database of historical source data on weather conditions. The growth of conifers in lowland and upland Poland depends on the temperature in the cold season, especially in February and March. All available reconstructions based on dendrochronology data represent this time of the year. Summer temperatures were reconstructed using biological proxies and documentary evidence. The latter, however, is limited to the 15th century only. Winter temperature was used as the proxy for annual temperature proxies instead of the more usual use of summer temperature. The MWP occurred in Poland probably from the late 12th century to the first halves of the 14th or 15th centuries. All the analysed quantitative reconstructions suggest that the MWP in Poland was comparable to or warmer than the mean temperature in the period 1951–2000. The coldest conditions in the entire study period were noted in the first half of the 11th century (both winter and summer) and the second half of the 15th century (only winter). The greatest climate continentality occurred in the 15th century. Good agreement was found between the reconstructions of Poland's climate and many reconstructions available for Europe.
Pengembangan Magecah (Materi Game Pecahan) Dalam Pelajaran Matematika untuk Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rachma Aldila Febrika , Agustina Dwi Kameluh 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian dilakukan di tiga sekolah yaitu UPT SDN Kendalrejo 04, UPT SDN Sidodadi 03 dan UPT SDN Talun 03 tentang pengembangan media split play. Landasan penelitian ini adalah keadaan pandemi Covid-19, kurangnya kreativitas guru dalam pembelajaran, siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami matematika pecahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan pengembangan materi permainan pecahan dan untuk mengetahui keterbacaan guru dan siswa terhadap penggunaan materi permainan pecahan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan model Borg and Gall RnD yang telah diterapkan dan dikembangkan oleh Sugiyono. Sampel penelitian ini adalah guru SD yang berjumlah 20 guru dari tiga sekolah di Kabupaten Blitar. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan lembar konfirmasi ahli, angket bacaan guru dan siswa. Pengembangan support split game ini menggunakan aplikasi Construct 2 dan Corel Draw X7. Hasil otentikasi dari 3 ahli perangkat keras menghasilkan persentase rata-rata 88,89% dalam kategori relevan, hasil validasi dari 3 ahli media menghasilkan persentase rata-rata 86,67% dalam kategori layak dan hasil validasi dari 3 ahli bahasa memperoleh nilai persentase 88,33% dari kategori memenuhi syarat. Hasil tes membaca 5 orang guru memiliki rata-rata persentase 99,66 dengan nilai sangat benar dan hasil tes membaca 5 siswa memiliki rata-rata persentase 9 dengan nilai sangat benar. Melalui uraian di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa membangun materi game edukasi tentang pecahan bawaan sangat layak, sehingga materi pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika pecahan kelas IV SD semester 1.