bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MSXFGP: combining improved sparrow search algorithm with XGBoost for enhanced genomic prediction
Authors: Zhou Ganghui , Gao Jing , Zuo Dongshi , Li Jin , Li Rui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
With the significant reduction in the cost of high-throughput sequencing technology, genomic selection technology has been rapidly developed in the field of plant breeding. Although numerous genomic selection methods have been proposed by researchers, the existing genomic selection methods still face the problem of poor prediction accuracy in practical applications.

Results
This paper proposes a genome prediction method MSXFGP based on a multi-strategy improved sparrow search algorithm (SSA) to optimize XGBoost parameters and feature selection. Firstly, logistic chaos mapping, elite learning, adaptive parameter adjustment, Levy flight, and an early stop strategy are incorporated into the SSA. This integration serves to enhance the global and local search capabilities of the algorithm, thereby improving its convergence accuracy and stability. Subsequently, the improved SSA is utilized to concurrently optimize XGBoost parameters and feature selection, leading to the establishment of a new genomic selection method, MSXFGP. Utilizing both the coefficient of determination R2 and the Pearson correlation coefficient as evaluation metrics, MSXFGP was evaluated against six existing genomic selection models across six datasets. The findings reveal that MSXFGP prediction accuracy is comparable or better than existing widely used genomic selection methods, and it exhibits better accuracy when R2 is utilized as an assessment metric. Additionally, this research provides a user-friendly Python utility designed to aid breeders in the effective application of this innovative method. MSXFGP is accessible at https://github.com/DIBreeding/MSXFGP.

Conclusions
The experimental results show that the prediction accuracy of MSXFGP is comparable or better than existing genome selection methods, providing a new approach for plant genome selection.
The clinical utility of circulating cell division control 42 in small-vessel coronary artery disease patients undergoing drug-coated balloon treatment
Authors: Wu Lei , Li Hui , Chen Huanzhen , Fan Chunyu , Lu Yan , Wei Ruipeng , Yang Guangzhao , Jia Yongping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Cell division control 42 (CDC42) regulates atherosclerosis, blood lipids, and inflammation and thus affects coronary artery disease (CAD), but its utility in drug-coated balloon (DCB)-treated small-vessel CAD (SV-CAD) patients is unclear. This study intended to evaluate the change and prognostic role of CDC42 in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB.

Methods
Serum CDC42 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 211 SV-CAD patients underwent DCB at baseline, day (D) 1, D3, and D7, as well as in 50 healthy controls (HCs).

Results
CDC42 was decreased in SV-CAD patients compared to HCs (P < 0.001), and it was negatively associated with total cholesterol (P = 0.015), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.003), C-reactive protein (P = 0.001), multivessel disease (P = 0.020), and American college of cardiology/American heart association type B2/C lesions (P = 0.039) in SV-CAD patients. Longitudinally, CDC42 decreased from baseline to D1 and then gradually increased to D7 (P < 0.001) in SV-CAD patients after DCB. Interestingly, high CDC42 (cut-off value = 500 pg/mL) at baseline (P = 0.047), D3 (P = 0.046), and D7 (P = 0.008) was associated with a lower accumulating target lesion failure (TLF) rate; high CDC42 at D3 (P = 0.037) and D7 (P = 0.041) was related to a lower accumulating major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rate in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB. Importantly, CDC42 at D7 (high vs. low) independently predicted lower accumulating TLF (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.145, P = 0.021) and MACE (HR = 0.295, P = 0.023) risks in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB.

Conclusions
Circulating CDC42 level relates to milder disease conditions and independently estimates lower risks of TLF and MACE in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB, but further validation is still needed.
Development and validation of a prediction model for in-hospital death in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Yan Meiyu , Liu Huizhu , Xu Qunfeng , Yu Shushu , Tang Ke , Xie Yun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To develop a prediction model for in-hospital mortality of patients with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods
This cohort study extracted the data of 10,236 patients with HF and AF upon intensive care unit (ICU) from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC). The subjects from MIMIC-IV were divided into the training set to construct the prediction model, and the testing set to verify the performance of the model. The samples from MIMIC-III database and eICU-CRD were included as the internal and external validation set to further validate the predictive value of the model, respectively. Univariate and multivariable Logistic regression analyses were used to explore predictors for in-hospital death in patients with HF and AF. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC), calibration curves and the decision curve analysis (DCA) curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive values of the model.

Results
The mean survival time of participants from MIMIC-III was 11.29 ± 10.05 days and the mean survival time of participants from MIMIC-IV was 10.56 ± 9.19 days. Simplified acute physiology score (SAPSII), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), beta-blocker, race, respiratory rate, urine output, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), Charlson comorbidity index, renal replacement therapies (RRT), antiarrhythmic, age, and anticoagulation were predictors finally included in the prediction model. The AUC of our prediction model was 0.810 (95%CI: 0.791–0.828) in the training set, 0.757 (95%CI: 0.729–0.786) in the testing set, 0.792 (95%CI: 0.774–0.810) in the internal validation set, and 0.724 (95%CI: 0.687–0.762) in the external validation set. The calibration curves of revealed that the predictive probabilities of our model for the in-hospital death in patients with HF and AF deviated slightly from the ideal model. The DCA curves revealed that the use of our prediction model increased the net benefit than use no model.

Conclusion
The prediction model had good discriminative ability, and might provide a tool to timely identify patients with HF complicated with AF who were at high risk of in-hospital mortality.
Relationship between fear of falling and fall risk among older patients with stroke: a structural equation modeling
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Du Hui , Song Mi , Liu Ting , Ge Pei , Xu Yue , Pi Hongying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
With reduced balance and mobility, older patients with stroke are more susceptible to fear of falling (FOF). A maladaptive form of FOF can cause excessive activity restriction, poor balance, and recurrent falls, forming a self-reinforcing vicious cycle. This study applied and adapted the FOF model to investigate the interaction between FOF and fall risk in older stroke patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 older stroke patients aged 60 and over. All participants were invited to complete the FOF, fall risk, physical activity, and balance tests, which were measured by the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), Self-Rated Fall Risk Questionnaire (FRQ), the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-LF) and the Four-Stage Balance Test (FSBT) respectively. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Results
The mean age of the respondents was 68.62 ± 7.62 years; 8.94% reported a high level of FOF, and 18.21% reported a moderate level of FOF. The structural equation model showed that FOF was directly associated with fall risk (β=-0.38, p < 0.001), and was indirectly associated with fall risk via physical activity (β=-0.075, p < 0.05) and balance ability (β=-0.123, p < 0.05). Depression (β=-0.47, p < 0.001), fall history (β=-0.13, p < 0.05), and female sex (β=-0.16, p < 0.05) affected FOF, while anxiety was not associated with FOF.

Conclusions
The increased risk of falling in older stroke patients results from a maladaptive FOF affected by depression, fall history, poor balance ability, and limited physical activity. Our results suggest that greater attention should be paid to FOF during stroke recovery and fall prevention. A multifaced intervention program encompassing physiological and psychological factors should be designed to address FOF and prevent falls.
Quality of reporting and trends of emergency obstetric and neonatal care indicators: an analysis from Tanzania district health information system data between 2016 and 2020
Authors: Shabani Josephine , Masanja Honorati , Kagoye Sophia , Minja Jacqueline , Bajaria Shraddha , Mlacha Yeromin , Msuya Sia , Masoud Mahundi , Simba Daudi , Pembe Andrea B. , Makuwani Ahmad Mohamed , Ismail Habib , Chacha Maro , Kumalija Claud , Boerma Ties , Hanson Claudia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Routine health facility data provides the opportunity to monitor progress in quality and uptake of health care continuously. Our study aimed to assess the reliability and usefulness of emergency obstetric care data including temporal and regional variations over the past five years in Tanzania Mainland.

Methods
Data were compiled from the routine monthly district reports compiled as part of the health management information systems for 2016–2020. Key indicators for maternal and neonatal care coverage, emergency obstetric and neonatal complications, and interventions indicators were computed. Assessment on reliability and consistency of reports was conducted and compared with annual rates and proportions over time, across the 26 regions in of Tanzania Mainland and by institutional delivery coverage.

Results
Facility reporting was near complete with 98% in 2018–2020. Estimated population coverage of institutional births increased by 10% points from 71.2% to 2016 to 81.7% in 2020 in Tanzania Mainland, driven by increased use of dispensaries and health centres compared to hospitals. This trend was more pronounced in regions with lower institutional birth rates. The Caesarean section rate remained stable at around 10% of institutional births. Trends in the occurrence of complications such as antepartum haemorrhage, premature rupture of membranes, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia or post-partum bleeding were consistent over time but at low levels (1% of institutional births). Prophylactic uterotonics were provided to nearly all births while curative uterotonics were reported to be used in less than 10% of post-partum bleeding and retained placenta cases.

Conclusion
Our results show a mixed picture in terms of usefulness of the District Health Information System(DHIS2) data. Key indicators of institutional delivery and Caesarean section rates were plausible and provide useful information on regional disparities and trends. However, obstetric complications and several interventions were underreported thus diminishing the usefulness of these data for monitoring. Further research is needed on why complications and interventions to address them are not documented reliably.
Insights into parents’ perceived worry before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia: inequality and heterogeneity of influences
Authors: Zougheibe Roula , Dewan Ashraf , Norman Richard , Gudes Ori 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Excessive worry is an invisible disruptive force that has adverse health outcomes and may advance to other forms of disorder, such as anxiety or depression. Addressing worry and its influences is challenging yet crucial for informing public health policy.

Methods
We examined parents’ worries, influences, and variability before and during COVID-19 pandemic and across geography. Parents (n = 340) and their primary school-aged children from five Australian states completed an anonymous online survey in mid-2020. After literature review, we conceptualised the influences and performed a series of regression analyses.

Results
Worry levels and the variables contributing to parents’ worry varied before to during the pandemic. The proportion of parents who were "very worried all the time" increased by 14.6% in the early days of the pandemic. During the pandemic, ethnic background modified parents’ worry and parents’ history of daily distress symptoms was a significant contributor (p < 0.05). Excessive exposure to news remained significant both before and during the pandemic. The primary predictor of parents’ worry before COVID-19 was perceived neighbourhood safety, while the main predictor during COVID-19 was financial risk due to income change. Some variable such as neighbourhood safety and financial risk varied in their contribution to worry across geographical regions. The proportion of worried children was higher among distraught parents.

Conclusion
Parents’ worry during the health pandemic was not triggered by the health risks factors but by the financial risk due to income change. The study depicts inequality in the impact of COVID-19 by ethnic background. Different policies and reported virus case numbers across states may have modified the behaviour of variables contributing to the geography of parents’ worry. Exposure to stressors before the COVID-19 pandemic may have helped parents develop coping strategies during stressful events. Parents are encouraged to limit their exposure to stressful news. We advocate for parents-specific tailored policies and emphasise the need for access to appropriate mental health resources for those in need. Advancing research in geographical modelling for mental health may aid in devising much-needed location-targeted interventions and prioritising resources in future events.
Are more physical education classes related to less time in leisure-time sedentary behavior? An analysis including adolescents from 73 countries
Authors: Silva Danilo R. , Araujo Raphael H. O. , Werneck André O. , Ballarin Giada , Andricciola Federica , dos Santos Leandro , Brazo-Sayavera Javier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to verify the association between the weekly frequency of physical education (PE) classes and leisure sitting time among adolescents. We analyzed data from 73 countries using the Global School-based Student Health Survey (283,233 adolescents between 11 and 18 years of age). Leisure sitting time and weekly frequency of PE classes were self-reported. Sex, age, and food insecurity were used as covariates and the analyses were stratified by world regions and country income level. Poisson regression models (random-effects meta-analysis) were used for the main analyses. In comparison with 1 PE class per week (reference group), those with no PE classes presented a lower prevalence of ≥ 3 h/d of leisure sitting time (PR [95%CI] = 0.94 [0.91; 0.98]). On the other hand, adolescents with 2 days (PR [95%CI] = 1.06 [1.02; 1.26]), 3–4 days (PR [95%CI] = 1.17 [1.12; 1.22]), and 5 days (PR [95%CI] = 1.08 [1.04; 1.11]) of PE classes presented a higher likelihood of ≥ 3 h/d of leisure sitting time. No clear differences were observed for the different world regions and country income levels. We conclude that a higher weekly frequency of PE classes is associated with increased leisure sitting time among adolescents worldwide.
The development and evaluation of an intervention to promote the uptake of preventive tasks by occupational physicians targeting work-related mental health problems: protocol for the IM-PROmPt-study
Authors: Orhan Pees S. , van Oostrom S. H. , Schaafsma F. G. , Proper K. I. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Work-related mental health problems are a major and growing public and occupational health issue. Although prevention of work-related disease is a central task in the work of occupational physicians, implementation of preventive tasks can still improve. The aim of this paper is to present the development of an intervention to support occupational physicians in the execution of preventive tasks and a protocol for its evaluation.

Methods
An intervention to support occupational physicians has been developed making use of the implementation mapping protocol. The intervention was based on barriers and facilitators for the execution of preventive tasks, input from stakeholders, and evidence-based strategies from literature.

Results
The intervention consists of three peer group supervision meetings directed to preventive tasks. During these meetings, occupational physicians will receive materials and will use goal-setting to formulate their own action plans. The IM-PROmPt-study (Implementation of PReventive tasks by Occupational Physicians) is a two-armed cluster randomized controlled trial, comparing peer group supervision directed to the implementation of preventive tasks for occupational physicians with usual peer group supervision. The evaluation will include an effect and process evaluation to examine if the intervention is successful in supporting OPs to implement preventive activities, specifically aimed to prevent work-related mental health problems.

Discussion
The intervention is expected to lead to more knowledge and awareness of the value of prevention among OPs, anticipated to lead to both organizational and individual gains.

Trial registration
ISRCTN registry; ISRCTN15394765. Registered on 27 June 2023.
Prediction model of gleason score upgrading after radical prostatectomy based on a bayesian network
Authors: Wang Guipeng , Wang Xinning , Du Haotian , Wang Yaozhong , Sun Liguo , Zhang Mingxin , Li Shengxian , Jia Yuefeng , Yang Xuecheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To explore the clinical value of the Gleason score upgrading (GSU) prediction model after radical prostatectomy (RP) based on a Bayesian network.

Methods
The data of 356 patients who underwent prostate biopsy and RP in our hospital from January 2018 to May 2021 were retrospectively analysed. Fourteen risk factors, including age, body mass index (BMI), total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), prostate volume, total prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD), the number and proportion of positive biopsy cores, PI-RADS score, clinical stage and postoperative pathological characteristics, were included in the analysis. Data were used to establish a prediction model for Gleason score elevation based on the tree augmented naive (TAN) Bayesian algorithm. Moreover, the Bayesia Lab validation function was used to calculate the importance of polymorphic Birnbaum according to the results of the posterior analysis and to obtain the importance of each risk factor.

Results
In the overall cohort, 110 patients (30.89%) had GSU. Based on all of the risk factors that were included in this study, the AUC of the model was 81.06%, and the accuracy was 76.64%. The importance ranking results showed that lymphatic metastasis, the number of positive biopsy cores, ISUP stage and PI-RADS score were the top four influencing factors for GSU after RP.

Conclusions
The prediction model of GSU after RP based on a Bayesian network has high accuracy and can more accurately evaluate the Gleason score of prostate biopsy specimens and guide treatment decisions.
Assessment of early dental arch growth modification with removable maxillary expansion by cone-beam computed tomography and lateral cephalometric radiographs: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yun , Yang Jing , Li Xiaobing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the skeletal and dental changes of patients brought by early removable maxillary expansion (ERME) treatment to explore the clinical treatment effect of ERME on early dental arch growth modification.

Methods
Subject children aged 6–10 years with a maxillary transverse deficiency received ERME treatment, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and lateral cephalometric radiographs were measured before and after treatment, and statistical differences in the measured items were evaluated with corresponding statistical methods to explore the skeletal and dental changes.

Results
After ERME treatment, there was a statistical increase in the maxillary basal bone arch width, nasal cavity width, maxillary alveolar bone arch width, and maxillary dental arch width. A buccal inclination of the maxillary alveolar bone and a buccal inclination and buccal movement in the alveolar bone of maxillary first molars were found. The maxillary skeletal expansion was statistically greater than the dental expansion. Increases in the mandibular alveolar bone arch width and dental arch width happened after treatment. A decrease in angle ANB and an increase in Ptm-A, U1-SN, U1-PP, L1-MP, and L6-MP were found after treatment. No statistical changes in the growth pattern-related measured items were observed.

Conclusions
ERME could expand the maxillary basal bone arch width, nasal cavity width, maxillary alveolar bone arch width, and maxillary dental arch width. The maxillary skeletal expansion was greater than the dental expansion. Secondary increases in the mandibular alveolar bone and dental arch widths would happen after ERME. ERME would result in a mandibular advancement, a labial inclination of maxillary anterior teeth, and an increase of maxillary sagittal length, and would not change the patient’s growth pattern.

Trial registration
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University. (WCHSIRB-D-2020–446).
The role of systemic statins in the inception and healing of apical periodontitis: a systematic review
Authors: Ideo Francesca , Manca Matteo Francesco , Niazi Sadia , Mannocci Francesco , Bardini Giulia , Cotti Elisabetta 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Statins are a category of medications widely used to reduce plasma LDL-cholesterol levels, that also possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory action.
The aim of this systematic review was to explore the effects of systemic statins therapy on the development and treatment of apical periodontitis (AP) on humans and animals.

Material and methods
Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) and grey literature were searched from their inception until February, 20 2023 (PROSPERO CRD42021246231). For the quality assessment and risk of bias, different guidelines were used according to the typology of the studies considered (Animal Research Reporting of In Vivo Experiments, Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Form for Cohort Studies, Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation Risk of Bias tool and Tool to assess risk of bias in cohort studies of CLARITY Group).

Results
Seven hundred eleven records were screened, and six articles were included for this qualitative review. The eligible studies showed a moderate overall quality and risk of bias. Human patients in treatment with statins exhibited a higher healing rate of AP following root canal treatment. In experimental animal models, statins had a beneficial effect on the development of AP.

Conclusions
Despite the limited number of studies and considering that most of them are on animals, our findings suggest that systemically administered statins make a positive contribution to prevent the development and help healing of AP.

Clinical relevance
There is an increased evidence that a pharmacologic adjunct to endodontic treatment may be considered to enhance healing of AP. Among other medications, statins seem to have a positive impact on the disease.