bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing cognitive function in patients with Huntington's disease from China: A cross‐sectional clinical study
Authors: Cheng Yang‐Fan , Liu Kun‐Cheng , Yang Tian‐Mi , Xiao Yi , Jiang Qi‐Rui , Huang Jing‐Xuan , Zhang Sirui , Wei Qian‐Qian , Ou Ru‐Wei , Li Chun‐Yu , Gu Xiao‐Jing , Burgunder Jean‐Marc , Shang Hui‐Fang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and aimHuntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by CAG repeats expansion. Cognitive decline contributes to the loss of daily activity in manifest HD. We aimed to examine the cognition status in a Chinese HD cohort and explore factors influencing the diverse cognitive domains.MethodsA total of 205 participants were recruited in the study with the assessment by neuropsychological batteries, including the mini–mental state examination (MMSE), Stroop test, symbol digit modalities test (SDMT), trail making test (TMT), verbal fluency test (VFT), and Hopkins verbal learning test–revised, as well as motor and psychiatric assessment. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression models were applied to investigate the correlation.ResultsOnly 41.46% of patients had normal global function first come to our center. There was a significantly difference in MMSE, Stroop test, SDMT, TMT, and VFT across each stage of HD patients (p < .05). Apathy of PBA‐s was correlated to MMSE, animal VFT and Stroop‐interference tests performance. Severity of motor symptoms, functional capacity, age, and age of motor symptom onset were correlated to all neuropsychological scores, whereas education attainment and diagnostic delay were correlated to most neuropsychological scores except TMT. Severity of motor symptoms, functional capacity, and education attainment showed independent predicting effect (p < .05) in diverse cognitive domains.ConclusionCognitive impairment was very common in Chinese HD patients at the first visit and worse in the patients in advanced phase. The severity of motor symptoms and functional capacity were correlated to the diverse cognitive domains.
Static magnetic field assisted thawing improves cryopreservation of mouse whole ovaries
Authors: Zhang Liyuan , Chi Mengqiao , Cheng Yue , Chen Zhongrong , Cao Yunxia , Zhao Gang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOvarian tissue cryopreservation is considered to be the only means to preserve fertility for prepubertal girls and women whose cancer treatment cannot be postponed. However, ovarian tissues are inevitably damaged by oxidative stress during cryopreservation, which threatens follicle survival and development, and thus affects female fertility. Therefore, reducing tissue oxidative stress injury is one of the major challenges to achieving efficient cryopreservation of ovarian tissues, especially for whole ovaries. Here, we proposed a new method to improve the antioxidant capacity of whole ovaries during cryopreservation, static magnetic field assisted thawing. The results demonstrated that the antioxidant capacity of the ovarian tissue was significantly improved by static magnetic field treatment. In addition, ovarian tissue allograft transplantation was carried out, which successfully achieved vascular regeneration and maintained follicular development. The findings of this study not only provide a new reference for the preservation of female fertility, but also is a major step forward in the cryopreservation of tissues and organs. It will have good application prospects in the field of assisted reproduction and cryo‐biomedicine.
Asymmetric [3+n]‐Cycloaddition Reactions of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes
Authors: Bao Ming , Doyle Michael P. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract[3+n]‐Cycloaddition reactions that employ donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes using either chiral catalysts and racemic cyclopropanes or achiral catalysts and chiral, non‐racemic, cyclopropanes have become useful transformations for the construction of carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds, with both processes offering mechanistic and structural advantages in ring formation. Although the vast majority of asymmetric cycloaddition reactions of donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes have been performed with racemic cyclopropane compounds catalyzed by Lewis acids with chiral ligands, optically active cyclopropane compounds can serve the same role using Lewis acids without chiral ligands. This review covers the use of chiral catalysts with racemic donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes and the use of chiral non‐racemic donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes with achiral Lewis acid catalysts.
Nucleophilicity of 4‐(Alkylthio)‐3‐imidazoline Derived Enamines
Authors: Hensinger Magenta J. , Eitzinger Andreas , Trapp Oliver , Ofial Armin R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImidazolidine‐4‐thiones (ITOs) are cyclic, secondary amines that were considered as potential prebiotic organocatalysts for light‐driven α‐alkylations of aldehydes by bromoacetonitrile (BAN). Recent studies showed that the initially supplied ITOs represent the pre‐catalyst because they undergo S‐alkylation with BAN to give 4‐(alkylthio)‐3‐imidazolines (TIMs). Given that the same reagent mix that undergoes light‐driven α‐alkylations is also effective in the dark, we synthesized ten ITO‐ or TIM‐derived enamines of aldehydes and characterized their nucleophilic reactivities by kinetic studies in acetonitrile. The experimental second‐order rate constants k2 for reactions of enamines with benzhydrylium ions (reference electrophiles) were evaluated by the Mayr‐Patz equation, lg k2(20 °C)=sN(N+E). The determined nucleophilicities N (and sN) reveal the reactivity profiles of these enamines under prebiotically relevant conditions as well as their potential for use in organocatalytic synthesis.
Provider motivations and barriers to cancer clinical trial screening, referral, and operations: Findings from a survey
Authors: Durden Kelly , Hurley Patricia , Butler Dorothy L. , Farner Amy , Shriver Sharon P. , Fleury Mark E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundProvider and institutional practices have been shown to have a large impact on cancer clinical trial enrollment. Understanding provider perspectives on screening for trial eligibility is necessary to improve enrollment.MethodsA questionnaire about incentives, barriers, process tools, and infrastructure related to opening trials and referring patients to onsite and offsite trials was administered to diverse stakeholders, including professional societies, advocacy organizations, and industry networks. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize findings.ResultsOverall, 693 responses were received, primarily from physicians (42.7%) and nurses (35.6%) employed at hospital health systems (43.7%) and academic centers (36.5%). Approximately half (49.2%) screened all patients for onsite clinical trials with screening typically done by manual chart review (81.9%). The greatest incentive reported for offering trials was providing the best treatment options for patients (67.7%). Contracting and paperwork (48.5%) were the greatest barriers to opening more onsite trials. Offsite referrals were rare.ConclusionsScreening for trial eligibility is a largely manual and ad hoc process, with screening and referral to offsite trials occurring infrequently. Administrative and infrastructure barriers commonly prevent sites from opening more onsite trials. These findings suggest that automated trial screening tools built into workflows that screen in a site‐agnostic manner could result in more frequent trial eligibility screening, especially for offsite trials. With recent momentum, in part in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, to improve clinical trial efficiencies and broaden access and participant diversity, implementing tools to improve screening and referral processes is timely and essential.Plain Language Summary

There are many factors that contribute to low adult enrollment in cancer clinical trials, but previous research has indicated that provider and institutional barriers are the largest contributors to low cancer clinical trial enrollment.
In this survey, we sought to gain insight into cancer clinical trial enrollment practices from the perspective of health care providers such as physicians and nurses. We found that only approximately half of respondents indicated their institution systematically screens their patients for clinical trials and this process is manual and time consuming. Furthermore, we found that providers infrequently search for and refer patients to clinical trials at other sites.
Creating better screening methods could improve enrollment in clinical trials.
Rotational Transitions in the N2+ Ion Induced by Collisions with Helium Atoms in Cold Helium Plasmas. A Quasiclassical Trajectory Study
Authors: Paláček Stanislav , Kalus René , Gadéa Florent Xavier , Benhenni Malika , Leininger Thierry , Yousfi Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCross‐sections of state‐to‐state rotational transitions in electronically ground‐state 14
(X2
) ions induced by collisions with 4He atoms have been calculated using a quasiclassical trajectory method and a set of artificial neural networks representing the
/He potential energy surface. The training points for the neural networks have been calculated at a MCSCF (multi‐configuration self‐consistent field)/aug‐cc‐pVQZ level. A broad range of the
/He collision energy has been considered (
eV) and the efficiency of vibrational transitions in the
ion has also been analyzed. It has been found that vibrational transitions are negligible with respect to rotational transitions up to
eV and that above this energy, both rotational and vibrational transitions in
are marginal in the
/He collisions.
Corporate integrity culture on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance
Authors: Bao Xin , Sun Baiqing , Han Meini , Mai Qiang , Lin Han 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent research has viewed desirable environmental performance as the proxy of corporate integrity culture. Based on the stakeholder theory, we extend this literature by examining whether the corporate integrity culture is associated with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance among China A‐listed firms. We first build the integrity culture dictionary by the word embedding model. We also absorb the social influence into the integrity dictionary and identify corporate integrity culture through textual analysis. The results show that corporate integrity culture is positively associated with ESG performance. This research further discloses that this relationship is from both an indirect of integrity on green innovation and a direct effect of integrity in signaling internal stakeholders' behavioral integrity and verifying integrity culture to external stakeholders. Overall, the empirical evidence further enriches our understanding of the relationship between ESG performance and corporate integrity culture in China.
Elongation of the developing spinal cord is driven by Oct4‐type transcription factor‐mediated regulation of retinoic acid signaling in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Yuikawa Tatsuya , Sato Takehisa , Ikeda Masaaki , Tsuruoka Momo , Yasuda Kaede , Sato Yuto , Nasu Kouhei , Yamasu Kyo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundElongation of the spinal cord is dependent on neural development from neuromesodermal progenitors in the tail bud. We previously showed the involvement of the Oct4‐type gene, pou5f3, in this process in zebrafish mainly by dominant‐interference gene induction, but, to compensate for the limitation of this transgene approach, mutant analysis was indispensable. pou5f3 involvement in the signaling pathways was another unsolved question.ResultsWe examined the phenotypes of pou5f3 mutants and the effects of Pou5f3 activation by the tamoxifen‐ERT2 system in the posterior neural tube, together confirming the involvement of pou5f3. The reporter assays using P19 cells implicated tail bud‐related transcription factors in pou5f3 expression. Regulation of tail bud development by retinoic acid (RA) signaling was confirmed by treatment of embryos with RA and the synthesis inhibitor, and in vitro reporter assays further showed that RA signaling regulated pou5f3 expression. Importantly, the expression of the RA degradation enzyme gene, cyp26a1, was down‐regulated in embryos with disrupted pou5f3 activity.ConclusionsThe involvement of pou5f3 in spinal cord extension was supported by using mutants and the gain‐of‐function approach. Our findings further suggest that pou5f3 regulates the RA level, contributing to neurogenesis in the posterior neural tube.
Notoginsenoside‐R1 ameliorates palmitic acid‐induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress in HUVEC via Nrf2/ARE pathway
Authors: Wang Jingjing , He Xun , Lv Shiwen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPanax notoginseng, a Chinese traditional food and herb medicine, possesses notable cardiovascular health‐promoting properties, with notoginsenoside (NG)‐R1 being a key active compound. Insulin resistance represents a global health concern associated with various metabolic disorders. This study investigated the effects of NG‐R1 on palmitic acid (PA)‐induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our findings demonstrate that NG‐R1 significantly alleviated impaired glucose uptake, enhanced the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) at Ser473, and reduced the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS‐1) at Ser307 in PA‐treated HUVECs. Furthermore, NG‐R1 treatment significantly lowered the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4‐hydroxynonenal (4‐HNE), while increasing the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Additionally, NG‐R1 activated the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, leading to a substantial increase in the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Notably, knockdown of Nrf2 attenuated the beneficial effects of NG‐R1 on PA‐induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress in HUVECs, suggesting that NG‐R1 exerts its effects through the Nrf2/ARE pathway. In summary, our study reveals that NG‐R1 ameliorated PA‐induced insulin resistance in HUVECs via Nrf2/ARE pathway, providing novel insights into its potential for alleviating metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease.
Varietal and trait preferences for boiled sweetpotato in urban Hanoi and implications for breeding
Authors: Vu Thi Minh Hang , Tu Viet Phu , Naziri Diego 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCognizant of the need to refocus breeding efforts toward end‐product quality traits taking into account the preferences of consumers and in consideration of the rapid urbanization in South‐eastern Asia, this study investigated the consumer's preferences for sweetpotato in Hanoi. Using a mixed‐methods research design, the study identified the most preferred and least preferred attributes of both the fresh and boiled product, disaggregated by gender, age, and socioeconomic status. Preferences and associated traits of six popular varieties were determined. Results indicate that while these varieties largely already meet consumers' preferences, consumers have a clear preference for a few varieties for which marginal adjustments are needed to further increase their acceptability among the growing urban population. Our findings indicate the direction of these adjustments and can contribute to inform demand‐led national and international breeding programs and, ultimately, to higher and faster variety uptake and adoption.
Utility of palliative prognostic index and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio in predicting prognosis of end‐stage squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck
Authors: Higashino Masaaki , Sugimoto Kosuke , Onishi Shuji , Okabe Kohei , Yasuda Chika , Tadokoro Hiroshi , Kawata Ryo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing the prognosis of end‐stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to develop a more useful prognostic index.Patients and methodsThis retrospective observational study included 79 patients with end‐stage HNSCC. Patients were grouped by patient factors and prognostic indicators, and overall survival from the start of Best Supportive Care was compared for each group. In addition, overall survival was compared between patients with palliative prognostic index (PPI) ≥6 and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥10 and patients with PPI <6 or NLR <10.ResultsPPI ≥6 and NLR ≥10 were associated with significantly more frequent poor prognoses (p = 0.01 and p = 0.002, respectively). The median survival was 32 days in cases with PPI ≥6 and NLR ≥10, and 64 days for PPI <6 or NLR <10 (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe combination of PPI and NLR is a useful indicator for predicting the prognosis of patients with end‐stage HNSCC.
Rabdosichuanin C inhibits productions of pro‐inflammatory mediators regulated by NF‐κB signaling in LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells
Authors: Lingxia Zhang , Hong Wu , Man Gong , Xinzhou Wang , Lili Wang , Zhimin Wang , Liping Dai , Erping Xu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChronic pharyngitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease of the pharyngeal mucosa and its lymphatic tissues that is difficult to treat clinically. However, research on the exact therapeutic agents and molecular mechanisms of CP is still unclear. In this study, we investigated Rabdosichuanin C (RC) to attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory damage in RAW264.7 cells by a combination of targeted virtual screening and in vitro activity assay and further clarified its molecular mechanism of action centering on the IκB/nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway. Molecular docking and pharmacophore simulation methods were used to screen compounds with IκB inhibitory effects. Expression of genes and proteins related to the IκB/NF‐κB signaling pathway by RC in LPS‐induced inflammatory injury model of RAW264.7 cells was detected by PCR, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot. The docking of RC with IκB protein showed good binding energy, and pharmacophore simulations further confirmed the active effect of RC in inhibiting IκB protein. RC intervention in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells significantly reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukins‐6, iNOS, and CD‐86 at the messenger RNA and protein levels, downregulated IκB, p65 protein phosphorylation levels, and significantly inhibited IκB/NF‐κB signaling pathway activation. Virtual screening provided us with an effective method to rapidly identify compounds RC that target inhibit the action of IκB, and the activity results showed that RC inhibits NF‐κB signaling pathway activation. It is suggested that RC may play a role in the treatment of CP by inhibiting the IκB/NF‐κB signaling pathway.
Regulatory effect of NK homeobox 1 (NKX2.1) on melanocortin 4 receptor (Mc4r) promoter in Mandarin fish
Authors: Xu Di‐Mei , He Shan , Liang Xu‐Fang , Wu Jia‐Qi , Wang Qiu‐Ling , Jia Xiao‐Dan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) is a G protein‐coupled transporter that mediates the regulation of thyroid hormones and leptin on energy balance and food intake. However, the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of Mc4r by thyroid hormone and leptin in fish have been rarely reported. The messenger RNA expression of Mc4r gene was significantly higher in brain than those in other tissues of mandarin fish. We analyzed the structure and function of a 2029 bp sequence of Mc4r promoter. Meanwhile, overexpression of NKX2.1 and incubation with leptin significantly increased Mc4r promoter activity, but triiodothyronine showed the opposite effect. In addition, mutations in the NKX2.1 binding site abolished not only the activation of Mc4r promoter activity by leptin but also the inhibitory effect of thyroid hormones on Mc4r promoter activity. In summary, these results suggested that thyroid hormones and leptin might regulate the transcriptional expression of Mc4r through NKX2.1.
Identifying commonalities in definition and governance of point‐of‐care ultrasound within statements from medical organizations in the United States: A scoping review for a shared understanding
Authors: Lee Jeong‐Yong , Conlon Thomas W. , Fraga Maria V. , Bauer Andrew J. , Soni Nilam J. , Chen Aaron E. , Kaplan Summer L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis scoping review analyzed statements from 22 medical organizations in the United States to identify commonalities in the definition and governance of point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS). A total of 41 statements were included. The review found that the most commonly used elements in defining POCUS were “focused,” “bedside,” and “patient care.” In terms of governance, consistent requirements included specific training programs, documentation in medical records, continuous quality assurance, and standards for credentialing and privileging. These findings suggest the existence of essential commonalities that could facilitate communication and the development of standardized POCUS programs in the future.
Healthcare segregation in orthopedic surgery: A statewide analysis of American Indian and Alaska Native patients
Authors: Mand Simran , Telfer Scott 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSignificant health disparities have been described for American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) patients undergoing various surgical procedures, however, research into healthcare segregation within orthopedic surgery has been limited. In this study, our purpose was to assess if AIAN patients were more likely to be treated by lower‐volume surgeons and at lower‐volume hospitals. AIAN and White patients who underwent one of four common orthopedic procedures (knee or hip arthroplasty, femur or tibia repair) were identified from a Washington state inpatient database. Demographic, socioeconomic, geographic, and procedure data were surveyed, and volumetric thresholds were established for lower versus higher volume surgeons and hospitals. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated for AIAN patients receiving care from a lower volume surgeon or hospital, including covariates for patient demographics, geographic, and socioeconomic status. AIAN patients were more likely to receive care from a lower‐volume surgeon for all procedures except tibial repair. Adjusted odds ratios of 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22, 1.92) and 1.68 (95% CI: 1.26, 2.21) were found for AIAN patients receiving knee or hip arthroplasty from a lower volume surgeon, respectively. There was no strong evidence of AIAN patients being more likely to receive care at a lower‐volume hospital. Finally, AIAN patients having knee arthroplasty at a higher volume hospital were more likely to have their surgery performed by a lower volume surgeon. These data suggest that there may be significant healthcare segregation among AIAN patients across common orthopedic surgical procedures.