bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron Aggregation and Oxygen Fixation Reinforced Microwave Dynamic and Thermal Therapy for Effective Treatment of MRSA‐Induced Osteomyelitis
Authors: Liao Shasha , Wu Shuilin , Mao Congyang , Wang Chaofeng , Cui Zhenduo , Zheng Yufeng , Li Zhaoyang , Jiang Hui , Zhu Shengli , Liu Xiangmei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAntibiotics are frequently used to clinically treat osteomyelitis caused by bacterial infections. However, extended antibiotic use may result in drug resistance, which can be life threatening. Here, a heterojunction comprising Fe2O3/Fe3S4 magnetic composite is constructed to achieve short‐term and efficient treat osteomyelitis caused by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The Fe2O3/Fe3S4 composite exhibits powerful microwave (MW) absorption properties, thereby effectively converting incident electromagnetic energy into thermal energy. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that Fe2O3/Fe3S4 possesses significant charge accumulation and oxygen‐fixing capacity at the heterogeneous interface, which provides more active sites and oxygen sources for trapping electromagnetic hotspots. The finite element analysis indicates that Fe2O3/Fe3S4 displays a larger electromagnetism field enhancement parameter than Fe2O3 owing to a significant increase in electromagnetic hotspots. These hotspots contribute to charge differential accumulation and depletion motions at the interface, thereby augmenting the release of free electrons that subsequently combine with the oxygen adsorbed by Fe2O3/Fe3S4 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and heat. This research, which achieves extraordinary bacterial eradication through the synergistic effect of microwave thermal therapy (MWTT) and microwave dynamic therapy (MDT), presents a novel strategy for treating deep‐tissue bacterial infections.
Can high‐skilled immigrants transfer their human capital to the United States?
Authors: Xie Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUsing the National Survey of College Graduates, this study examines the return to pre‐ and post‐migration human capital of high‐skilled immigrants in the United States to provide an empirical evaluation of their skill transferability. I find that, on average, high‐skilled immigrants exhibit no wage return to foreign work experience, yet they demonstrate a relatively substantial return to foreign education. Delving into the heterogeneity across gender, occupation, and entry visa categories reveals the subsequent insights: female immigrants transfer less foreign experience and education than males; STEM immigrants are more adept at transferring foreign work experience than their non‐STEM counterparts; temporary work visa holders exhibit a heightened ability to transfer work experience, while green card and dependent visa holders have limited transferability of foreign work experience. Lastly, English proficiency is positively associated with the transferability of work experience.
A confidence machine for sparse high‐order interaction model
Authors: Das Diptesh , Ndiaye Eugene , Takeuchi Ichiro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn predictive modelling for high‐stake decision‐making, predictors must be not only accurate but also reliable. Conformal prediction (CP) is a promising approach for obtaining the coverage of prediction results with fewer theoretical assumptions. To obtain the prediction set by so‐called full‐CP, we need to refit the predictor for all possible values of prediction results, which is only possible for simple predictors. For complex predictors such as random forests (RFs) or neural networks (NNs), split‐CP is often employed where the data is split into two parts: one part for fitting and another for computing the prediction set. Unfortunately, because of the reduced sample size, split‐CP is inferior to full‐CP both in fitting as well as prediction set computation. In this paper, we develop a full‐CP of sparse high‐order interaction model (SHIM), which is sufficiently flexible as it can take into account high‐order interactions among variables. We resolve the computational challenge for full‐CP of SHIM by introducing a novel approach called homotopy mining. Through numerical experiments, we demonstrate that SHIM is as accurate as complex predictors such as RF and NN and enjoys the superior statistical power of full‐CP.
Exploring the Efficacy of Polysaccharides as Green Corrosion Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: AL Salihi Hind A. , Mahdi Raghad R. , Al‐Amiery Ahmed , Al‐Azzawi Waleed K. , Kadhum Abdul Amir H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCorrosion threatens materials in diverse industries, necessitating sustainable corrosion inhibitors. Polysaccharides, abundant natural polymers, emerge as eco‐friendly corrosion inhibitors. This review explores polysaccharides' efficacy, mechanisms, and applications. It introduces the significance of corrosion and the vital role of inhibitors, positioning polysaccharides as promising green solutions. The exploration covers polysaccharide diversity, sources, and eco‐friendly attributes. Corrosion mechanisms are detailed, setting the stage for understanding inhibition strategies. Polysaccharides, with unique adsorption and film‐forming properties, are effective inhibitors, elucidated through electrochemical studies. Influential factors like pH, temperature, and concentration effects, along with practical applicability considerations, are examined. Real‐world implementations across industries underscore polysaccharides' versatility, often surpassing traditional inhibitors. Despite challenges, this review outlines their promising role, addressing concerns and proposing future directions. Polysaccharides emerge as eco‐friendly alternatives, illuminating inhibitive properties, mechanisms, and practical applications, guiding continued research for sustainable corrosion prevention.
The history and nomenclatural significance of herbarium collections made by Alexander A. Tatarinow in North China and Mongolia in 1841–1850
Authors: Sennikov Alexander N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlexander A. Tatarinow (1817?–1886) made an extensive collection of vascular plants and insects in North China and Mongolia while serving as a physician in the 12th Russian Orthodox Ecclesiastical Mission in Beijing during 1841–1850. Tatarinow's plant collection included about 800 species and became the basis for 70 new species, of which 12 were named after him. The collection was split into three large sets, each labelled in its own way and handled in different times by different people at different institutions, thus obscuring its correct attribution; notable misinterpretations include its misattributions to A. von Bunge and P.E. Kirilov who were attached to the 11th Mission and collected plants near Beijing during 1830–1840. In this study, the history of these three sets and their parts is uncovered, and label samples are provided and commented to allow unambiguous recognition of the sets for correct lectotypification of plant species names based on the material collected by the 11th and 12th Missions.
Regiodivergent Synthesis and Biological Activities of Indoloquinoline Based Compounds
Authors: Håheim Katja S. , Sydnes Magne O. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCryptolepine, neocryptolepine, and isocryptolepine have remained popular synthetic targets ever since their isolation from the aqueous extracts of the West African climbing shrub Cryptolepis sanguinolenta. These natural alkaloids were found to contain significant antimalarial, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities, making them ideal starting points for the development of novel drug candidates. As natural product synthesis is often plagued with step‐heavy procedures and poor atom economy, the discovery of synthetic protocols addressing these concerns are sorely needed. In our laboratories, we have devoted our efforts into the development of regiodivergent synthesis whereby two of the indoloquinoline natural products, namely neocryptolepine and 11H‐indolo[3,2‐c]quinolines, could be assembled in only a few steps from a common and readily available starting material. Our synthetic endeavors to meet these goals include a cascade palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyuara cross‐coupling and intramolecular C−N bond formation and a photochemical nitrene insertion strategy. Furthermore, our methods also allowed for the construction of several diversely functionalized natural product derivatives which were subjected to biological evaluations.
Mapping the ethic‐theoretical foundations of artificial intelligence research
Authors: White Gareth R. T. , Samuel Anthony , Jones Paul , Madhavan Naveen , Afolayan Ademola , Abdullah Ahmed , Kaushik Tanmay 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe issue of artificial intelligence (AI) ethics is a prominent research subject. While there is a compendious literature that explores this area, surprisingly little of it makes explicit reference to the ethic‐theoretical foundations upon which it is built. To address this matter, this study makes an examination of the AI ethics literature to identify its ethic‐theoretical foundations. The study identifies the lack of AI ethics literature that draws upon seminal ethics works and the ensuing disconnectedness among the publications on this subject. It also uncovers numerous non‐Western ethic‐theoretical positions that can be adopted and may afford new insight into AI ethics research and practice. Employing these alternative lenses may obviate the tendency for Western worldviews to dominate the academic literature. The study provides some guidance for future AI ethics research which should endeavor to clearly articulate its chosen ethic‐theoretical position, and for practice which could benefit from understanding and articulating the principles upon which AI systems are founded. It also provides some observations of, and guidance for, the utilization of Litmaps software in the conduct of Literature reviews.
Low levels of Cd2+ combined with procymidone may cause ovarian damage in mice via unfolded protein response
Authors: Li Fan , Wang Xuning , Zhang Jiaxin , Nie Hui , He Shiyun , Li Yushan , Xia Ruowen , Zhu Yongfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs no study about the combined effect of low levels of Cd2+ with procymidone (PCM) on organs and organisms, we investigated their actions on mouse‐ovary in vivo and in vitro. Four‐week mice were treated with corn oil for the control group, corn oil + 0.0045 mg/L Cd2+ (CdCl2 was dissolved in ultrapure water and freely consumed by mice) for Cd2+ group, 50 mg/kg/d PCM (suspended in corn oil and administered orally to mice) for PCM group, and 50 mg/kg/d PCM + 0.0015 (0.0045 and 0.0135) mg/L Cd2+ for L+ (M+ and H+) PCM group for 21 days. For in vitro experiment, the cultured ovaries were treated with acetone for the control group, 0.1% acetone + 8.4 μg/L Cd2+ for the Cd2+ group, 0.63 mg/L PCM (dissolved in acetone) for the PCM‐group, and 0.63 mg/L PCM + 2.8 (8.4 and 25.2) μg/L Cd2+ for L+ (M+ and H+) PCM group for 7 days. Mouse body weight in each treatment group, the weight and volume of ovaries in all PCM groups were lower than the control. Both in vivo and in vitro, all‐stage follicle numbers were lower in M+PCM and H+PCM groups, whereas the atretic follicles and CASPASE3/8 were higher; meanwhile, lower estradiol and progesterone and higher unfolded protein response (UPR) members in all PCM groups. L+, M+, and H+PCM groups had further ovarian damage and stronger UPR than PCM groups, as did M+PCM groups over Cd2+ groups. It is hypothesized low‐level PCM and Cd2+ may mutually promote each other's triggered UPR and exacerbate ovarian damage.
Open coal stock pile impact on surface, river, and groundwater: Noapara, Jashore case study
Authors: Hasan Md. Mehedi , Hossain SK. Sazzad , Ahmed Mohammad Tofayal , Samad Md. Abdus , Faruque Md. Jamal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEnergy is the main driving force for a country's development. Every year, Bangladesh imports a huge amount of coal along with local coal to support the country's energy demand, which stock in open areas. The objective of this research is to evaluate the hydrochemical characteristics of surface, river, and groundwater in a well‐known industrial region in Bangladesh where nearby water is polluted by coal from an open coal stock pile. The findings of this research article concerning the environmental effects of open coal stockpiles will be helpful to policymakers, environmentalists, investors, and other stakeholders. Following WHO standards, GIS extrapolation was used to create maps of key ions in solution (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+) and negatively charged ions (HCO3−, SO42−, Cl−). The aquifer's hydrogeochemical process was explained using PCA techniques and the hydrogeochemical facies and water types shown by the Piper and Gibbs diagram. The findings show that the groundwater in this research region is mostly salinized (NaCl‐rich). The result confirms that 67% of the location is of good quality and 33% is of permissible water quality for the surface water sample, whereas 48% of the location is of good quality and 52% is of severe water quality for the ground water sample. Advanced technology should be used to stock the coal to reduce the open stockpile's impact on the environment.
Development of a high‐power blue diode laser for precision vaporization of prostate tissue for the surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Mu Liyue , Zhu Xiang , Yang Bing , Yang Lin , Xu Xiaofeng , Zhao Yongwei , He Dalin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the advancement and application of high‐power blue diode lasers in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Addressing the challenges posed by existing techniques, the study focuses on optimizing tissue removal methods. Energy platform for BPH should balance a range of factors, such as operative time, patient conditions, urinary functions, complications, durability, accessibility, and cost, all while prioritizing patient care. Blueray Medical's innovation of high‐power blue diode laser systems for BPH surgery is explored, with emphasis on achieving a balance among these considerations. By illustrating the biomedical effects of lasers and their interaction with soft tissues, particularly emphasizing the role of photon absorption by biomolecules and proteins in tissue behavior, this study outlines the advantages of the high‐power blue diode laser system. The initial laboratory experiments and clinical results consistently align with our theoretical predictions, especially in terms of tissue vaporization efficiency, tissue coagulation, and bleeding control. In conclusion, blue diode lasers hold potential to enhance surgical outcomes for BPH. Their unique properties offer benefits like improved tissue removal rate and reduced thermal damages. Integrating blue laser technology into BPH protocols could lead to shorter hospital stays, cost savings, and expanded patient eligibility, although rigorous clinical studies are needed to fully understand their benefits and limitations.
Readability of postoperative discharge instructions is associated with complication rate in companion animals undergoing sterilisation
Authors: Biancaniello Christopher M. , Rolph Kerry E. , Cavanaugh Sarah M. , Karnik Priti , Peda Andrea , Cavanaugh Ryan P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundReadability of client communications is a commonly overlooked topic in veterinary medical education. In human medicine, it has been advised that the readability of patient materials should be at USA schooling sixth‐grade level or below. We hypothesised that student written discharge instructions would be of an inappropriate readability level, and discharges scored with higher reading grade levels would be associated with more complications.MethodsThe cohort comprised 149 dogs and cats presenting for sterilisation. The readability of discharge instructions was assessed using the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) formulas. Records were examined for evidence of postoperative complications.ResultsThe mean FRE score of the discharge instructions was 61.97, with 30.87% being classified as ‘difficult’ or ‘fairly difficult’, 60.4% as ‘standard’ and 8.72% as ‘fairly easy’. The mean FKGL was 8.64, with 98% being above reading level 6. Overall, there was an association between FKGL and complication occurrence (p = 0.005). Stratification by species demonstrated FRE and FKGL to be associated with complication occurrence in dogs (FRE score, p = 0.038; FKGL, p = 0.002), but not cats (FRE score, p = 0.964; FKGL, p = 0.679).LimitationsDue to the retrospective nature of the study, there were difficulties associated with extracting relevant complication information from the medical records.ConclusionOnly 2% of owner‐directed discharge instructions were written at readability levels aligning with the recommendations set forth in the human guidelines.
Regeneration of As(V)‐loaded granular activated carbon through electrocoagulation
Authors: Moed Niels Michiel , Ku Young , Hsu Ting‐Hsuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs(V)‐loaded granular activated carbon was regenerated through electrocoagulation assisted by elution with NaCl. Adsorption of As(V) by activated carbon was highest at pH 6, and subsequent desorption in water was highest at pH 11, followed by pH 3. Lower initial pH improved arsenic removal during electrocoagulation, NaCl concentration was insignificant, but removal increased with current density. Adding Fe(II) before electrocoagulation led to an improved removal efficiency up to a concentration of 30 mg/L. Regeneration of As(V)‐loaded activated carbon increased with current density and time up to a maximum of 85%. An increase in NaCl concentration to 6000 mg/L further improved regeneration to 92%. Regeneration at a lower current density only dropped slightly from 54% to 51% when doubling activated carbon concentration, demonstrating excellent scalability. Repeated adsorption–desorption tests were performed, where 81% and 69% regeneration were obtained after four regenerations with NaCl concentrations of 6000 and 750 mg/L, respectively. NaCl concentration in the tested range did not influence electrocoagulation but improved regeneration through elution. The combination of electrocoagulation and elution facilitated a higher regeneration efficiency, meanwhile removing As(V) from the solution through adsorption on iron hydroxide.Practitioner Points
As(V)‐loaded activated carbon was regenerated by electrocoagulation with elution.
Regeneration increased with regeneration time and current density up to 85%.
Addition of 6000 mg/L NaCl further increased regeneration to 93%.
Regeneration of 82% was achieved after four regenerations.
NaCl did not affect electrocoagulation but improved regeneration through elution.
Historical milestones in the evolution of the procedure of neck dissection
Authors: Devaraja K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveAlthough neck dissection has evolved to become an integral part of the surgical armamentarium for managing head and neck cancers, the manner in which the procedure has reached its present state is worth revisiting.Data SourcesPublished original articles, reviews, clinical practice guidelines, and consensus statements related to the basis, indication, and classification of the neck dissection.MethodsThis review discusses some of the critical milestones before and after the description of the procedure of neck dissection by George Crile Sr. in 1905, which eventually played a role in the evolution of this commonly performed oncosurgical procedure.ResultsSeveral large observational studies of the twentieth century and multicentric randomized trials at the turn of the twenty‐first century have shaped neck dissection into a safe and reliable oncosurgical procedure.ConclusionsFrom being a radical surgery that was done mostly in large nodal diseases for curative or palliative purposes to becoming a simple procedure that is carried out even in node‐negative cases of head and neck cancers for prognostic purposes, the procedure of neck dissection has come a long way and continues to evolve.
Venous vascular malformation of the parotid gland
Authors: Hakimi Amir A. , Wu Eric L. , Giurintano Jonathan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVenous vascular malformations of the parotid gland are very rare vascular tumors, especially among adults. This case report discusses the presentation and challenges of diagnosing a venous vascular malformation of the parotid gland in a patient with previous oncologic history. Our patient is a 45‐year‐old female with a history of breast cancer, meningioma, and secreting pituitary adenoma who presented with a malformation on magnetic resonance imaging, incidentally demonstrating a T2 intense mass in the superficial lobe of the right parotid gland. She was otherwise asymptomatic. Ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration was nondiagnostic. She underwent a right inferior superficial parotidectomy. Histologic section analysis demonstrated a well‐delineated vascular tumor made of large vascular spaces with thin walls surrounded by a parotid tissue consistent with a venous vascular malformation of the parotid gland. Venous vascular malformations are exceedingly rare, especially among adults. Ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration can be of limited value. Parotidectomy may be electively considered for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Conflict of interest disclosure by US cardiothoracic surgeons
Authors: Melo Dyanna L. , Islam Taufiq , Nasser Khadija , Bédard Eric L. R. , Turner Simon R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurgeon–industry collaboration is a key driver of advancement in surgical technology and practice. Disclosures of financial relationships between investigators and industries are important to ensure transparent and critical evaluation of literature.MethodsAll American cardiothoracic (CT) surgeons who published in three major CT surgery journals in 2019 were identified. Whether these surgeons disclosed any conflicts of interest was recorded and compared to actual payments received within 5 years of publication as reported by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data.ResultsIn the study period, there were 1079 unique manuscripts involving 885 American CT surgeons as authors, which combined for 2719 author instances. Of these, 96.2% of authors (851 of 885) received payments from companies. The authors who received payments produced 2651 author instances (97.4%). Financial disclosure was reported in only 11.4% (301 of 2651) of these instances. In total, 851 surgeons received more than $187 million over 5 years, with the highest‐paid surgeon receiving an average of over $5.9 million per year. The largest individual payments were from “Associated Research Funding,” with over $115 million being paid to 277 surgeons over 5 years. The top paying company issued over $96.5 million to American CT surgeons over 5 years.ConclusionsNearly all the reviewed publications in three top CT surgery journals were by surgeons who received payments from companies, but very few of these payments were recorded as potential conflicts of interest. A more consistent and robust policy of COI disclosure is needed to reduce perceptions of bias.