bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tenofovir vs Entecavir Among Patients With HBV-Related HCC After Resection
Authors: Li Pengpeng , Wang Yuanyuan , Yu Jian , Yu Judian , Tao Qifei , Zhang Jinwei , Lau Wan Yee , Zhou Weiping , Huang Gang 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceTenofovir disoproxil and entecavir are both commonly used first-line antiviral treatments, but their comparative recurrence and overall survival (OS) benefits remain unclear.ObjectiveTo explore differences of tenofovir disoproxil vs entecavir in recurrence-free survival (RFS) and OS after liver resection with curative intent in patients with hepatocellular cancer (HCC) related to hepatitis B virus (HBV).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted at Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in Shanghai, China, between January 4, 2015, and April 1, 2023. Participants included patients with HBV-related HCC who underwent liver resection with curative intent from January 2015 to December 2018. Patients who received tenofovir disoproxil were matched with patients who received entecavir in a 1:1 ratio using propensity score matching. Data were analyzed from April 3 to May 31, 2023.ExposuresReceiving tenofovir disoproxil or entecavir as antiviral treatment for HBV.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary end points were RFS and OS rates.ResultsAmong 4451 patients (mean [SD] age, 58.1 [10.0] years; 3764 male [84.6%]; median [range] follow-up, of 51 [3 to 91] months), 989 patients in each of the groups were selected in propensity score matching. Baseline characteristics were comparable. In propensity score–matched groups, OS rates were 92.2% at 1 year, 70.9% at 3 years, and 54.2% at 5 years in the entecavir group, compared with 90.9% at 1 year, 75.2% at 3 years, and 64.0% at 5 years in the tenofovir disoproxil group. RFS rates were 83.9% at 1 year, 50.0% at 3 years, and 43.3% at 5 years in the entecavir group, compared with 85.3% at 1 year, 55.6% at 3 years, and 51.4% at 5 years in the tenofovir disoproxil group. Patients in the tenofovir disoproxil group had better OS (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.94; P = .004) and RFS rates (hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.92; P = .001) compared with the entecavir group. Restricted mean survival time differences of entecavir vs tenofovir disoproxil groups were −0.05 (95% CI, −0.18 to 0.08) months at 1 year (P = .45), 0.20 (95% CI, −0.62 to 1.03) months at 3 years (P = .63), and 1.82 (95% CI, 0.14 to 3.51) months at 5 years (P = .03).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that in patients undergoing curative liver resection for HBV-related HCC, tenofovir disoproxil was associated with better long-term OS and RFS rates compared with entecavir, providing insights for antiviral treatment.
Outcomes Following Early Postoperative Adjuvant Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases
Authors: Bander Evan D. , El Ahmadieh Tarek Y. , Chen Justin , Reiner Anne S. , Brown Samantha , Giantini-Larsen Alexandra M. , Young Robert J. , Beal Kathryn , Imber Brandon S. , Pike Luke R. G. , Brennan Cameron W. , Tabar Viviane , Panageas Katherine S. , Moss Nelson S. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceAdjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) enhances the local control of resected brain metastases (BrM). However, the risks of local failure (LF) and potential for posttreatment adverse radiation effects (PTRE) after early postoperative adjuvant SRS have not yet been established.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether adjuvant SRS delivered within a median of 14 days after surgery is associated with improved LF without a concomitant increase in PTRE.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study examines a clinical workflow (RapidRT) that was implemented from 2019 to 2022 to deliver SRS to surgical patients within a median of 14 days, ensuring all patients were treated within 30 days postoperatively. This prospective cohort was compared with a historical cohort (StanRT) of patients with BrM resected between 2013 and 2019 to assess the association of the RapidRT workflow with LF and PTRE. The 2 cohorts were combined to identify optimal SRS timing, with a median follow-up of 3.3 years for survivors.ExposureTiming of adjuvant SRS (14, 21, and 30 days postoperatively).Main Outcomes and MeasuresLF and PTRE, according to modified Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Brain Metastases criteria.ResultsThere were 438 patients (265 [60.5%] female patients; 23 [5.3%] Asian, 27 [6.2%] Black, and 364 [83.1%] White patients) with a mean (SD) age of 62 (13) years; 377 were in the StanRT cohort and 61 in the RapidRT cohort. LF and PTRE rates at 1 year were not significantly different between RapidRT and StanRT cohorts. Timing of SRS was associated with radiographic PTRE. Patients receiving radiation within 14 days had the highest 1-year PTRE rate (18.08%; 95% CI, 8.31%-30.86%), and patients receiving radiation between 22 and 30 days had the lowest 1-year PTRE rate (4.10%; 95% CI, 1.52%-8.73%; P = .03). LF rates were highest for patients receiving radiation more than 30 days from surgery (10.65%; 95% CI, 6.90%-15.32%) but comparable for patients receiving radiation within 14 days, between 15 and 21 days, and between 22 and 30 days (≤14 days: 5.12%; 95% CI, 0.86%-15.60%; 15 to ≤21 days: 3.21%; 95% CI, 0.59%-9.99%; 22 to ≤30 days: 6.58%; 95% CI, 3.06%-11.94%; P = .20).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of adjuvant SRS timing following surgical resection of BrM, the optimal timing for adjuvant SRS appears to be within 22 to 30 days following surgery. The findings of this study suggest that this timing allows for a balanced approach that minimizes the risks associated with LF and PTRE.
Diphtheria Toxoid Particles as Q Fever Vaccine
Authors: Sam Gayathri , Chen Shuxiong , Plain Karren , Marsh Ian , Westman Mark E. , Stenos John , Graves Stephen R. , Rehm Bernd H. A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere is an unmet need for a stable and nonreactogenic vaccine against the bioterrorism agent, Coxiella burnetii, causing Q fever. Here a safe, effective, and non‐reactogenic Q fever vaccine is developed by employing self‐assembled particles (CPs) composed of cross‐reacting material 197, a nontoxic variant of diphtheria toxin. CPs are designed that incorporate selected C. burnetii antigens and assemble them inside engineered Escherichia coli at high yields. A cost‐effective manufacturing process enables the production of CP‐based Q fever vaccine candidates. Four vaccine candidates are developed, including a T‐cell epitope‐based vaccine (CP‐COX), and one that comprises two immunodominant antigens, Com1 and YbgF. The latter is tested separately (CP‐Com1, CP‐YbgF) or as a mixture (CP‐Com1/CP‐YbgF). Initial immunogenicity studies in mice reveal that the mixed CP‐Com1/YbgF elicits the highest antibody titers with a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of ≈100 000 and induction of TH1 and TH2 cytokines. CP‐Com1/YbgF is further evaluated in guinea pigs, demonstrating its safety and efficacy, as shown by the absence of adverse reactions and a significant reduction in febrile responses compared to alum upon challenge with C. burnetii. Together, the study shows the potential of CPs for the development of a safe and immunogenic subunit Q fever vaccine.
A NIR Programmable In Vivo miRNA Magnifier for NIR‐II Imaging of Early Stage Cancer
Authors: Wang Caixia , Xie Yuxin , Song Xuefang , Chao Zhicong , Wu Kun , Fang Yanyun , Zhao Hongxia , Ju Huangxian , Liu Ying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAberrant expressions of biomolecules occur much earlier than tumor visualized size and morphology change, but their common measurement strategies such as biopsy suffer from invasive sampling process. In vivo imaging of slight biomolecule expression difference is urgently needed for early cancer detection. Fluorescence of rare earth nanoparticles (RENPs) in second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) region makes them appropriate tool for in vivo imaging. However, the incapacity to couple with signal amplification strategies, especially programmable signal amplification strategies, limited their application in lowly expressed biomarkers imaging. Here we develop a 980/808 nm NIR programmed in vivo microRNAs (miRNAs) magnifier by conjugating activatable DNAzyme walker set to RENPs, which achieves more effective NIR‐II imaging of early stage tumor than size monitoring imaging technique. Dye FD1080 (FD1080) modified substrate DNA quenches NIR‐II downconversion emission of RENPs under 808 nm excitation. The miRNA recognition region in DNAzyme walker is sealed by a photo‐cleavable strand to avoid “false positive” signal in systemic circulation. Upconversion emission of RENPs under 980 nm irradiation activates DNAzyme walker for miRNA recognition and amplifies NIR‐II fluorescence recovery of RENPs via DNAzyme catalytic reaction to achieve in vivo miRNA imaging. This strategy demonstrates good application potential in the field of early cancer detection.
Three‐Component Multiblock 1D Supramolecular Copolymers of Ir(III) Complexes with Controllable Sequences
Authors: Chen Yan , Wan Qingyun , Shi Yusheng , Tang Bingtao , Che Chi‐Ming , Liu Chun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMulticomponent supramolecular block copolymers (BCPs) have attracted much attention due to their potential functionalities, but examples of three‐component supramolecular BCPs are rare. Herein, we report the synthesis of three‐component multiblock 1D supramolecular copolymers of Ir(III) complexes 1–3 by a sequential seeded supramolecular polymerization approach. Precise control over the kinetically trapped species via the pathway complexity of the monomers is the key to the successful synthesis of BCPs with up to 9 blocks. Furthermore, 5‐block BCPs with different sequences could be synthesized by changing the addition order of the kinetic species during a sequentially seeded process. The corresponding heterogeneous nucleation‐elongation process has been confirmed by the UV/Vis absorption spectra, and each segment of the multiblock copolymers could be characterized by both TEM and SEM. Interestingly, the energy transfer leads to weakened emission of 1‐terminated and enhanced emission of 3‐terminated BCPs. This study will be an important step in advancing the synthesis and properties of three‐component BCPs.
Combining Nitridoborates, Nitrides and Hydrides—Synthesis and Characterization of the Multianionic Sr6N[BN2]2H3
Authors: Wandelt Sophia L. , Mutschke Alexander , Khalyavin Dmitry , Calaminus Robert , Steinadler Jennifer , Lotsch Bettina V. , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMultianionic metal hydrides, which exhibit a wide variety of physical properties and complex structures, have recently attracted growing interest. Here we present Sr6N[BN2]2H3, prepared in a solid‐state ampoule reaction at 800 °C, as the first combination of nitridoborate, nitride and hydride anions within a single compound. The crystal structure was solved from single‐crystal X‐ray and neutron powder diffraction data in space group P21/c (no. 14), revealing a three‐dimensional network of undulated layers of nitridoborate units, strontium atoms and hydride together with nitride anions. Magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR and vibrational spectroscopy in combination with quantum chemical calculations further confirm the structure model. Electrochemical measurements suggest the existence of hydride ion conductivity, allowing the hydrides to migrate along the layers.
Electrochemical Nickel‐Catalyzed Selective Inter‐ and Intramolecular Arylations of Cysteine‐Containing Peptides**
Authors: Shen Linhua , Monasson Olivier , Peroni Elisa , Le Bideau Franck , Messaoudi Samir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHere we report a simple electrochemical route towards the synthesis of S‐arylated peptides by a site selective coupling of peptides with aryl halides under base free conditions. This approach demonstrates the power of electrochemistry to access both highly complex peptide conjugates and cyclic peptides.
Development of a new affinity chromatography method for purification of horseradish peroxidase enzyme
Authors: Gerni Serpil , Özdemir Hasan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, benzohydroxamic acid molecules were synthesized from methyl 4‐amino‐2‐methoxy, methyl 4‐amino‐3‐nitro, methyl 4‐amino‐3‐methyl, and methyl 4‐amino‐3‐chloro benzoate molecules, and the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme was purified in one step using the affinity chromatography technique for the first time. The IC50 and Ki values for the 4‐amino 3‐methyl benzohydroxamic acid molecule were 0.136 and 0.132 ± 0.054 μM, respectively, while the IC50 and Ki values for the 4‐amino‐3‐nitro benzohydroxamic acid molecule were 56.00 and 51.90 ± 9.90 μM, respectively. It was found that the IC50 and Ki values for the 4‐amino‐3‐chloro benzohydroxamic acid molecule were 218.33 and 175.67 ± 43.78 μM, respectively, whereas the IC50 and Ki values for the 4‐amino‐2‐methoxy benzohydroxamic acid molecule were 306.00 and 218.00 ± 68.80 μM, respectively. The HRP enzyme was synthesized from 4‐amino‐2‐methoxy hydroxamic acid column with a 35.97% yield 601.13 times, 4‐amino‐3‐nitro hydroxamic acid column, with a 14.00% yield 404.11 times, 4‐amino‐3‐methyl hydroxamic acid column with an 8.70% yield 394.88 times, and 4‐amino‐3‐chloro hydroxamic acid column with a 4.48% yield 284.85 times. Thus, the HRP enzyme was purified in a single step with hydroxamic acids, and its molecular weight was found to be 44 kDa. The optimum pH was 8.0, the optimum temperature was 15°C, and the optimum ionic strength was 0.4 M for the purified HRP enzyme.
The causal effects between selenium levels and the brain cortical structure: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Xiaowei , Zhong Yuqing , He Kejun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExtensive research has demonstrated the critical role of selenium (Se) and selenoproteins in brain function and cognition. However, the impact of Se on brain cortical structure remains enigmatic. Therefore, this study used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal effect between Se levels and brain cortical structure.MethodsThis study utilizes 11 genetic variants associated with Se level variations, extracted from a large‐scale genome‐wide association study (GWAS) encompassed circulating Se levels (n = 5477) and toenail Se levels (n = 4162) in the European population. Outcome data were sourced from the summary statistics of the ENIGMA Consortium, comprising GWAS data from 51,666 individuals. The variables include cortical surface area (SA), thickness (TH) at the global level, and 34 functional cortical regions evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. The inverse‐variance‐weighted method was used as the primary estimate. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to detect potential violations of assumptions underlying MR.ResultsAt the global level, Se levels were not correlated with SA but showed a significant negative correlation with TH (β = −0.00485 mm, SE = 0.00192, p = .0115). Heterogeneity was observed across different brain regions, with positive correlations found between Se levels and the TH of the parahippocampal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, and frontal pole, whereas negative correlations were found with the TH of the inferior parietal lobe and middle temporal lobe. Regarding SA, Se levels exhibit positive correlations with the pars triangularis, caudal anterior cingulate, inferior parietal lobe, and banks of the superior temporal sulcus. Conversely, negative correlations were observed with the medial orbitofrontal cortex, posterior cingulate gyrus, insula, and the middle, superior, and transverse gyrus of the temporal lobe. No pleiotropy was detected.ResultsThis MR study indicated that Se levels causally influence the brain cortical structure.
Synthesis of Pure‐Phase Ni2P Nanocatalysts via Phosphorus Ligand Selection for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wei Hailong , Gu Fangwei , Wang Yongsheng , Hao Jinyuan , Zhu Wei , Zhuang Zhongbin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeveloping facile and low‐cost synthetic methods of high‐active platinum group metal‐free electrocatalysts is essential for green hydrogen production primarily based on water electrolysis. We adopted a facile solution‐based synthetic approach to prepare nickel phosphide nanoparticles (NP) and systematically studied the role of phosphorus ligands in the synthesis. Pure‐phase Ni2P NPs were obtained by selecting the proper phosphorus ligands, which tuned the structures of the product. The Ni2P nanowire, prepared using triphenyl phosphite, exhibited the best activity and stability in acidic, neutral, and alkaline media for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), indicating the advantages of the nanowire structure to the performance. In the acidic medium, it only required overpotential values of 100 and 167 mV to achieve the HER current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. Furthermore, the overpotential increased only by 26 mV during the 50‐hour stability test, indicating potential for device application. It was also demonstrated that the on‐site generation of insoluble nickel salts (e. g., hydroxides, phosphates, etc.) on the surface resulted in lower activity and stability in neutral and alkaline media than in acid.
Revealing the atomic mechanism of diamond–iron interfacial reaction
Authors: Ku Yalun , Xu Kun , Yan Longbin , Zhang Kuikui , Song Dongsheng , Li Xing , Li Shunfang , Cheng Shaobo , Shan Chongxin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiamond, with ultrahigh hardness, high wear resistance, high thermal conductivity, and so forth, has attracted worldwide attention. However, researchers found emergent reactions at the interfaces between diamond and ferrous materials, which significantly affects the performance of diamond‐based devices. Herein, combing experiments and theoretical calculations, taking diamond–iron (Fe) interface as a prototype, the counter‐diffusion mechanism of Fe/carbon atoms has been established. Surprisingly, it is identified that Fe and diamond first form a coherent interface, and then Fe atoms diffuse into diamond and prefer the carbon vacancies sites. Meanwhile, the relaxed carbon atoms diffuse into the Fe lattice, forming Fe3C. Moreover, graphite is observed at the Fe3C surface when Fe3C is over‐saturated by carbon atoms. The present findings are expected to offer new insights into the atomic mechanism for diamond‐ferrous material's interfacial reactions, benefiting diamond‐based device applications.
o‐Hydroxyarylphosphanes: Strategies for Syntheses of Configurationally Stable, Electronically and Sterically Tunable Ambiphiles with Multiple Applications
Authors: Heinicke Joachim W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstracto‐Hydroxyarylphosphanes are fascinating compounds by their multiple‐reactivity features, attributed to the ambident hard and soft Lewis‐ and also Brønstedt acid‐base properties, wide tuning opportunities via backbone substituents with ±mesomeric and inductive, at P and in o‐position to P and O also steric effects, and in addition, the configurational stability at three‐valent phosphorus. Air sensitivity may be overcome by reversible protection with BH3, but the easy oxidation to P(V)‐compounds may also be used. Since the first reports on the title compounds ca. 50 years ago the multiple reactivity has led to versatile applications. This includes various P−E−O and P=C−O heterocycles, a multitude of O‐substituted derivatives including acyl derivatives for traceless Staudinger couplings of biomolecules with labels or functional substituents, phosphane‐phosphite ligands, which like the o‐phosphanylphenols itself form a range of transition metal complexes and catalysts. Also main group metal complexes and (bi)arylphosphonium‐organocatalysts are derived. Within this review the various strategies for the access of the starting materials are illuminated, including few hints to selected applications.
Integration of circulating microRNAs and transcriptome signatures identifies early‐pregnancy biomarkers of preeclampsia
Authors: Mirzakhani Hooman , Handy Diane E. , Lu Zheng , Oppenheimer Ben , Litonjua Augusto A. , Loscalzo Joseph , Weiss Scott T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathobiology of preeclampsia, a common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. In a nested matched case‐control cohort within the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART), we previously identified peripheral blood mRNA signatures related to preeclampsia and vitamin D status (≤30 ng/mL) during gestation from 10 to 18 weeks, using differential expression analysis.MethodsUsing quantitative PCR arrays, we conducted profiling of circulating miRNAs at 10–18 weeks of gestation in the same VDAART cohort to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs associated with preeclampsia and vitamin D status. For the validation of the expression of circulating miRNA signatures in the placenta, the HTR‐8/SVneo trophoblast cell line was used. Targets of circulating miRNA signatures in the preeclampsia mRNA signatures were identified by consensus ranking of miRNA‐target prediction scores from four sources. The connected component of target signatures was identified by mapping to the protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network and hub targets were determined. As experimental validation, we examined the gene and protein expression of IGF1R, one of the key hub genes, as a target of the DE miRNA, miR‐182‐5p, in response to a miR‐182‐5p mimic in HTR‐8/SVneo cells.ResultsPregnant women with preeclampsia had 16 circulating DE miRNAs relative to normal pregnancy controls that were also DE under vitamin D insufficiency (9/16 = 56% upregulated, FDR < .05). Thirteen miRNAs (13/16 = 81.3%) were detected in HTR‐8/SVneo cells. Overall, 16 DE miRNAs had 122 targets, of which 87 were unique. Network analysis demonstrated that the 32 targets of DE miRNA signatures created a connected subnetwork in the preeclampsia module with CXCL8, CXCL10, CD274, MMP9 and IGF1R having the highest connectivity and centrality degree. In an in vitro validation experiment, the introduction of an hsa‐miR‐182‐5p mimic resulted in significant reduction of its target IGF1R gene and protein expression within HTR‐8/SVneo cells.ConclusionsThe integration of the circulating DE miRNA and mRNA signatures associated preeclampsia added additional insights into the subclinical molecular signature of preeclampsia. Our systems and network biology approach revealed several biological pathways, including IGF‐1, that may play a role in the early pathophysiology of preeclampsia. These pathways and signatures also denote potential biomarkers for the early stages of preeclampsia and suggest possible preventive measures.