bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity and abundance of culturable endophytes in leaves of susceptible and resistant alternate hosts of Cronartium pini and C. ribicola
Authors: Piispanen Juha , Bergmann Ulrich , Karhu Jouni , Kauppila Tuomas , Witzell Johanna , Kaitera Juha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cronartium pini and C. ribicola are rust fungi that cause destructive diseases of pines (Pinus spp.). These rusts spread via alternate hosts among which Melampyrum spp., Veronica spp. and Impatiens spp. are important for C. pini and Ribes spp. for C. ribicola. Congeneric alternate hosts vary in their susceptibility to Cronartium rusts but the reasons for this variation are not clear. To clarify whether internal, endophytic fungi could explain these differences, we investigated the temporal and spatial variation in endophyte composition of C. pini -resistant M. pratense, V. chamaedrys and I. glandulifera, C. pini -susceptible M. sylvaticum, V. longifolia and I. balsamina, C. ribicola -resistant R. rubrum and C. ribicola -susceptible R. nigrum. In total, 2695 endophytic isolates were obtained and classified into 37 morphotypes, with 1373 cultures isolated in early summer and 1322 in late summer. Fifty-two isolates were identified by species or genus level. The most common morphotypes were identified as Heterophoma sp. Some variation in the abundance of morphotypes occurred among collection sites, but the same morphotypes dominated across the sites and species. The diversity of morphotypes was higher in early September than in late June in all species and the same morphotypes dominated in both early and late season. The diversity of endophytes was higher in resistant Veronica and Ribes compared to susceptible congeneric species, but the results suggest that the diversity or abundance of culturable endophytes does not explain the differences in the congeneric species’ susceptibility to rust fungi.
Assessing Quality of Life in Young Patients: A Comparative Study of Granted Versus Not Granted Publicly Funded Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Krekmanova Larisa , Shakrchi Shams , Gicic Amina , Naoumova Julia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the quality of life among adolescents granted (G) versus not granted (NG) publicly funded orthodontic treatment.
Materials and Methods
One hundred and forty adolescents aged 15–20 years participated by responding to an elaborated web-based survey, assessing quality of life in relation to functional impact, psychological impact, and motivators for orthodontic treatment. Prior to the survey, pre-testing of the questionnaire was conducted to assure its validity and reliability. The responses of the individuals G versus NG publicly funded orthodontic treatment were compared. Differences between the groups were tested using the Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests. Validity and reliability were assessed using Cohen’s Kappa and Pearson Correlation Coefficient during the pretest phase.
Results
Cohen’s Weighted Kappa at 0.800, 95% CI, [0.734, 0.866], and Pearson Correlation Coefficient at 0.852, were determined. Gender, age, and demographic distribution were comparable in both groups. However, the NG group expressed a more negative impact on their quality of life concerning teeth appearance, compared to the G group (p < 0,001). Both groups reported similar responses regarding functional aspects. More anxiety related to malocclusion was reported by the NG group (78.6% and 48.5%, respectively, p < 0.001). All respondents expressed a high subjective treatment need. Orthodontic treatment motivators (G: 86.2 and NG: 94.7%, p = 0.443) were primarily related to improving self-esteem, overall well-being, facial appearance, and the ability to laugh without embarrassment.
Conclusions
Despite both groups expressing the same motivators for orthodontic treatment, the NG group reported higher levels of anxiety and negative life impact.
Clinical Relevance
Orthodontic treatment need indices should aim to reinforce subjective measures as NG patients report higher levels of anxiety and negative life impact.
Comparison of additive, additive-dominant and machine learning (LightGBM) models for genomic prediction of corn hybrids
Authors: Missima Jorge Otavio Domingos , Perecin Dilermando , Schuster Ivan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The choice of the statistical method for estimating genomic breeding values in genome-wide selection (GWS) studies is essential to obtain high predictive accuracies. The goal of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of parametric models containing Additive (rrBLUP) and Additive-Dominant (BL) effects, in addition to a non-parametric model based on Machine Learning (LightGBM). Such models were applied to the genomic selection of corn hybrids evaluated in three locations (Jataí-GO, Rolândia-PR and Sorriso-MT) for two important traits, grain yield and moisture. Through the results it was demonstrated that the BL model presents excellent stability in terms of predictive capacity, however its computational performance in model training is considerably lower than the rrBLUP and LightGBM methods. If computational time is a bottleneck for the development of the genomic selection study, the LightGBM model, which has high computational efficiency, can be used, however this use may imply a significant loss of predictive accuracy. Furthermore, it was observed that the heritability of traits affects model prediction accuracy, and that genetic effects arising from smaller heritabilities can be captured more efficiently with the use of models that incorporate additive-dominant effects or Machine learning models.
The Influence of Endogenous and Exogenous Sex Steroid Hormones and Social Hierarchy on Decision- Making: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khosravi Saeedeh , Kogler Lydia , Khosrowabadi Reza , Hashemi Touraj , Derntl Birgit , Heysieattalab Soomaayeh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Decision-making is a complex process that factors like hormone concentration and social hierarchy can influence. The study underlines the complex interplay between hormones and social hierarchies in decision-making and the important need to consider both to understand the variety of the decision-making process.
Method: The present systematic review summarizes and compares included studies that investigate the effect of sex steroid hormones (testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone) on decision-making (risky, uncertain, and social decision-making), and social hierarchy, as well as the effect of hormones and social hierarchy on decision-making.
Result: The substantial evidence suggests testosterone's influence on decision-making shows gender-related variations. Endogenous testosterone isn't associated with uncertain choices, but Endogenous and exogenous testosterone correlates with riskier decisions, particularly among males. However, a non-negligible proportion of behavioral experiments revealed an inverse or non-significant association. Also, individuals with higher testosterone levels rejected unfair offers. Also, findings showed that testosterone levels, both before and after administration, were linked to social status, and elevated testosterone correlated with improved performance and greater motivation for status competition, especially in males with lower, unstable status.
Conclusion: This review demonstrates the main conclusions, containing findings, hypotheses, and future research recommendations.
African Walnut (Tetracarpidium Conophorum) Seed Oil Ameliorates Ccl4 Induced Liver Injury in Wistar Rats
Authors: Uhunmwangho Esosa Samuel , Adewole Mulikat Adenike , Akindiose Rachael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The increase in the incidence of hepatotoxicity which results from exposure of individuals to toxic substances from the environment especially industrial hazards as well as toxicity from drug intake calls for search of more sources of hepatoprotective substances. African walnuts (Tetracarpidium conophorum) have been widely used not only as food but for various acclaimed medicinal purposes. The protective effects of Tetracarpidium conophorum seed oil against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) - induced liver injury in wistar rats was evaluated. The oil was extracted with n-hexane from the walnut seed using Soxhlet apparatus. Forty eight male albino rats (100-120g) were used, this was divided into four groups of 12 rats each, Group A and D were fed with normal rats’ feed and water throughout the experiment, Group B and C were fed with diet containing 10% extracted Tetracarpidium conophorum seed oil while rats in Group C and D received 200mg/kg CCl4 intraperitoneally once after 30 days of feeding. The administration of the African walnut oil attenuated the levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and liver lipid peroxidation in CCl4 –treated rats. Histopathological studies of the rats’ liver revealed that the animals treated with African walnut oil reduced the incidence of liver lesions induced by CCl4. African walnut oil also increased the antioxidant capacity of the rats by increasing GSH content and decreased MDA that was formed due to CCl4 administration in CCl4-treated rats. The results show that Tetracarpidium conophorum seed oil have hepatoprotective effect against CCl4 induced liver toxicity.
Gentiopicroside improves the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and hypertrophy in chondrocytes
Authors: Li Longfei , Fan Qianqian , Zhao Yixuan , Zhang Qian , Qin Gaofeng , Li Chen , Li Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of gentiopicroside against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chondrocyte inflammation.
Methods: Chondrocytes were stimulated with LPS (5 μg/ml) for 24 h, and treated with different concentrations of GPS (10, 20, 40 μM) for 24 h. The toxic effects of GPS on chondrocytes were determined using a CCK-8 assay and Edu staining. Western blot, qPCR, and immunofluorescence were used to explore the protective effects of gentiopicroside on the inflammatory response of chondrocytes induced by LPS. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences between the data groups (significance level of 0.05).
Results: The CCK-8 results showed that 10, 20 and 40 μM GPS had no significant toxicity on chondrocytes; GPS effectively reduced the production of IL-1β and PGE2, reversed LPS-induced extracellular matrix degradation in cartilage by inhibiting the Stat3/Runx2 signaling pathway, and suppressed the hypertrophic transformation of chondrocytes.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that GPS has a significant inhibitory effect on the LPS-induced inflammatory response and hypertrophic cellular degeneration in chondrocytes and is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
Residual Secretion of C-Peptide in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: What is Its Metabolic Impact?
Authors: Lopes Valentim , Sousa Maria Eduarda , Lopes Sara Campos , Lages Adriana De Sousa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and aims: Residual C-peptide secretion, an indirect measure of endogenous insulin secretion, has been associated with better clinical outcomes. The purpose of this work was to estimate the effect, in T1DM patients, of measurable C-peptide on different CGM metrics and complications.
Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of 112 T1DM patients under intensive insulin therapy, divided into individuals with non-detectable (< 0,05 ng/ml) vs detectable (≥ 0,05 ng/ml) fasting C-peptide. Data were analysed using SPSS v.27. Adjustment for covariates was assessed via linear or logistic regression for continuous or binary outcomes, respectively. Results were considered significant if p < 0.05.
Results: Median age at diagnosis and duration of diabetes was 22 (12-34) and 18.5 (12-29) years, respectively. Patients with detectable C-peptide had shorter disease duration (14 [9-24] vs 20 [14-32] years, p = 0.004) and older age (27.5 [16.5-38.5] vs17.5 [9.8-28.8] years, p = 0.002). After adjustment for covariates (sex, disease duration, BMI and use of CSII), preserved C-peptide was associated with lower TAR (aβ = -11.03, p = 0.002), GMI (aβ = -0.55, p= 0.024), average glucose (aβ = -14.48, p= 0.045) and HbA1c (aβ = -0.41, p = 0.035). A statistically significant higher TIR was present in patients with measurable C-peptide, even before adjustment (β = 7.13, p = 0.044 vs aβ = 11.42, p = 0.001). No associations were found with TBR, CV and acute and chronic complications.
Discussion and conclusions: Persistent C-peptide secretion in T1DM patients was associated with significantly better metabolic control translated into different metrics, namely TIR, TAR, GMI, and HbA1c.
Increasing magnitude of color differences amplifies category effects
Authors: Li Kashi , Nagai Takehiro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Previous studies have identified differences in sensitivity characteristics between color discrimination and perception of suprathreshold color differences. However, it remains highly unclear how color difference sensitivity changes with increasing magnitudes of color difference along various color hues. This study aimed to quantify the sensitivity transition across various magnitudes of color differences and uncover the underlying mechanisms. Color discrimination sensitivities were measured using the PSI adaptive staircase method for 32 isoluminant pedestal colors in the u'v' chromaticity diagram. For suprathreshold color differences, we employed the Maximum Likelihood Difference Scaling (MLDS) method to measure sensitivity to various color difference levels for the same 32 colors. Our findings confirmed the differences in sensitivity characteristics between discrimination and suprathreshold color differences. Furthermore, we observed increased sensitivities at many color category boundaries in suprathreshold color differences. By investigating the relation between the category effects and the color difference size levels through a model simulation, our findings suggest that the influence of color categories on the perception of color differences may become more pronounced as the magnitude of color differences increases.
Knowledge and Practices Regarding Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women in low-income areas of China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: chen jiaojiao , Xu Wei , Zhang Ruoyi , Bai Li , Hu Dehua , Zhao Xiaowei , Nie Yuxian , Yang Siyuan , Xiang Rumei , Kang Dan , Shi Qiuling 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer. However, this can be prevented through vaccination and screening. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between behavior, knowledge, and attitude toward cervical cancer and regular screening and HPV infection among women in Lueyang County.
Methods
Women who underwent cervical cancer screening at the outpatient department of a maternal and child health center between September and December 2021 were invited to participate. In total, 2,326 women completed the questionnaire. Women who underwent regular or irregular screening were 1:1 matched for age. Differences in knowledge of HPV and attitudes toward HPV vaccination among different populations were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing HPV infection.
Results
In total, 417 pairs of women who underwent regular and irregular screening were successfully matched. Age was a risk factor for HPV infection, whereas regular screening was a protective factor against HPV infection. In the regular screening group, 84 individuals tested positive for HPV, which was lower than the 216 individuals in the irregular screening group. Additionally, compared with the irregular screening group, the regular screening group had a higher level of knowledge about HPV and a greater willingness to receive the HPV vaccination.
Conclusions
Women in Lueyang County have low levels of knowledge regarding HPV and cervical cancer. Regular screening is a protective factor against HPV infection. The regular screening group demonstrates a higher level of HPV knowledge compared with the irregular screening group. These findings highlight the importance of regular screening and the need to strengthen public health education.
Jasmonic acid signaling induced by caterpillar damage causes reduced resistance to target insect feeding by the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), in rice
Authors: Wang Xingyun , Zhang Xinqiang , Tzin Vered , Han Lanzhi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

A newly developed breeding variety of crops shows high resistance in laboratory conditions but exhibits low resistance to target insects in the field. This research aims to explain this phenomenon from inter-species interactions in insects as the herbivory by one insect species can induce physiological changes in plants that enhance attraction other insect species. The striped stem borer (SSB),Chilo suppressalis(Walker), and the brown planthopper (BPH),Nilaparvata lugens(Stål), are pests of rice (Oryza sativaL.) that cause major losses in grain production. This study examines how BPH feeding behavior on rice is affected by SSB herbivory. BPH performance and behavior were tested on the planthopper-resistant rice variety ‘Mudgo’ with pre-feeding of SSB. BPHs showed better growth and development, as well as feeding behavior, on SSB-damaged plants when compared to healthy/undamaged plants. Analysis of gene expression and phytohormone level revealed changes in the jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis in response to SSB feeding. The analysis of central metabolites and volatiles showed that SSB-damaged stem induced the volatiles emission, which benefits planthopper development or attracts BPH. In summary, we found that the JA biosynthesis was triggered by SSB and played a vital role in rice defense against BPH. This provides insight into the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of BPH preferences for SSB-damaged rice plants. Our study emphasizes the crucial role of inter-species interactions in enhancing host plant resistance to insect pests and evaluating germplasm resistance. These findings can serve as a basis for controlling BPH.
Exploration of the Mechanism of Treating Retinal Vein Occlusion with Channeling Pulse and Increasing Vision Decoction Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Zhang Li , Tong Jing-an , Wu Xue-mei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
To explore the pharmacological mechanism of channeling pulse and increasing vision decoction (CPIVD) in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) by using the method of network pharmacology and Molecular Docking.
Method
Active ingredients and effective targets of CPIVD were collected by using TCMSP database, the related targets of RVO from GeneCards and DisGeNET databases, the cross targets from VENNY diagram, the medicine-composition-target network mutual-aid map from Cytoscape, Searching for genes by retrieving the input proteinthe in Uniprot database, PPI analysis in STRING database and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis from DAVID database. Molecular docking of the main active components and key targets of CPIVD was verified by AutoDock software.
Result
We screened 24 active components and 210 effective targets from CPIVD, 181 gene targets from RVO and 39 cross targets. PPI network analysis shows the core targets of RVO. GO enrichment analysis had 66 related items, and KEGG enrichment analysis obtained 52 signaling pathways, among which HIF-1, TNF, PI3K-Akt and other signaling pathways were significantly enriched. Molecular docking results showed that the binding energy between quercetin and kaempferol and the five target proteins, including IL6, TNF, IL1B, AKT1 and VEGFA, were all less than-5.0kcal / mol, suggesting good binding activity.
Conclusion
CPIVD realizes the therapeutic effect on RVO through multi-target, multi-pathway and multi-pathway and predicts the underlying therapeutic mechanisms. It provides theoretical value for further exploring the treatment of RVO with CPIVD.
The possible effects of the MTOR polymorphisms on Preeclampsia susceptibility, severity, and onset: A case-control study and in silico analysis
Authors: rezaei Mahnaz , Ghasemi Marzieh , Saravani Mohsen , Ghahghayi Fatemeh , Shahraki-Ghadim Hossein , Salimi Saeedeh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational complication with developed hypertension and proteinuria. Evidence showed the role of mTOR in various cellular processes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of MTOR polymorphisms on susceptibility, severity, and onset of Preeclampsia (PE).
Methods and Results
A total of 250 PE pregnant women and 258 age-matched control subjects were recruited in this study. To genotype MTOR polymorphisms, the PCR-RFLP method was used. The SpliceAid 2 and PROMO tools were used for in silico analysis. The maternal MTOR rs17036508T/C polymorphism was associated with PE risk in various genetic models. There was no relationship between rs2536T/C and rs2295080T/G polymorphisms and PE. The TTC and TGC haplotypes of rs2536/ rs2295080/ rs17036508 polymorphisms were significantly higher in PE women. Subgroup analysis revealed the association between the MTOR rs2295080 variant and an increased risk of Early-onset PE (EOPE). However, the MTOR rs17036508 was associated with a higher risk of EOPE and Late- Onset PE. In addition, the MTOR rs2295080 could increase the risk of severe PE. The results of the in silico analysis showed that rs17036508 disrupted several binding motifs in the mutant sequence. The PROMO database revealed that the T to C substitution leads to the loss of TFII-I binding site in the mutant allele.
Conclusion
The MTOR rs17036508T/C polymorphism was associated with PE risk. There was an association between the MTOR rs2295080 variant and an increased risk of EOPE. The MTOR rs17036508T/C and rs2295080T/C variants could disrupt several binding motifs and TFII-I binding respectively.
Influence of Point Mutations on PR65 Conformational Adaptability: Insights from Nanoaperture Optical Tweezer Experiments and Molecular Simulations
Authors: Bahar Ivet , Banerjee Anupam , Mathew Samuel , Naqvi Mohsin , Yilmaz Sema , Zachoropoulou Maria , Doruker Pemra , Kumita Janet , Yang Shang-Hua , Gur Mert , Itzhaki Laura , Gordon Reuven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
PR65 is the HEAT-repeat scaffold subunit of the heterotrimeric protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and an archetypal tandem-repeat protein, forming a spring-like architecture. PR65 conformational mechanics play a crucial role in PP2A function by opening/closing the substrate-binding/catalysis interface. Using in-silico saturation mutagenesis we identified “hinge” residues of PR65, whose substitutions are predicted to restrict its conformational adaptability and thereby disrupt PP2A function. Molecular simulations revealed that a subset of hinge mutations stabilized the extended/open conformation, whereas another had the opposite effect. By trapping in nanoaperture optical tweezer, we characterized PR65 motion and showed that the former mutants exhibited higher corner frequencies and lower translational scattering, indicating a shift towards extended conformations, whereas the latter showed the opposite behavior. Thus, experiments confirm the conformations predicted computationally. The study highlights the utility of nanoaperture-based tweezers for exploring structure and dynamics, and the power of integrating this single-molecule method with in silico approaches.