bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Loss of Crestal Bone Around Dental Implants in Various Tissue Biotypes Using CBCT
Authors: Algethmi Abdullah Saeed , Chowdary Koduru Ranga Roy , Almansour Hosain Mohammed Hosain , Dhal Angurbala , Khan Nubesh , Parihar Anuj Singh , Reddy Naveen 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To evaluate the loss of crestal bone height around dental implants placed in various tissue biotypes.

Materials and Methods:
20 patients with single edentulous sites were allocated randomly, with 10 samples in each into Group I (implants were placed in thick tissue biotype) and Group II (implants were placed in thin tissue biotype). Baseline cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed after implant placement in both groups, and follow-up CBCT was taken at the time of cementation prior to occlusal loading to assess the crestal bone loss around the mesial and distal side of implants in both groups.

Result:
A significant loss of crestal bone at both the distal and mesial sides of the implants at the time of cementation was observed in both groups but Group II showed more crestal bone loss as compared to Group I.

Conclusion:
Mean crestal bone loss was more in Group II (thin tissue biotype) in comparison to Group I (thick tissue biotype). The thick biotype causes less crestal bone changes than the thin biotype, which evokes more loss of crestal bone during the period of peri-implant healing.
Evaluating Diagnostic Utility of geneXpert Ultra (Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin), Microscopy and Liquid Culture to Isolate Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspects
Authors: Gota Apoorva , Shenoy Vishnu Prasad , Kamath Asha 
Published: December 2023

CONTEXT:
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are posing major public health problems and have recently gained importance as they are being isolated from patients with pulmonary disorders. Most of the time, NTM are misinterpreted as tuberculosis (TB) and this misdiagnosis leads to treatment failure. Hence, this study aimed to identify NTMs isolated from suspected cases of pulmonary TB cases and was aimed to distinguish Mycobacterium TB (MTB) from NTM infections.

AIMS:
Our study aimed to compare microscopy grading of respiratory samples with the Ct values of GeneXpert Ultra (MTB/rifampicin [RIF]), to assess the diagnostic accuracy of microscopy, GeneXpert ultra (MTB/RIF), liquid culture, to compare GeneXpert ultra (MTB/RIF) results with microscopy with culture and clinical implications, importance of performing a rapid test for pulmonary TB and pulmonary NTM infections in suspected cases of adults.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
The study was conducted in the Mycobacteriology laboratory, Department of Microbiology, in Kasturba Hospital, Manipal. The study was a prospective, cross-sectional study, single center.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
A total of 452 respiratory samples obtained from April to July 2023 were included in the study. Smearpositive pulmonary TB cases were identified and subjected to amplification by GeneXpert ultra (MTB/RIF) and 84 samples were GeneXpert ultra (MTB/RIF) positive and RIF sensitive. Liquid culture by mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 was performed and for positive tubes, TB Ag MPT64 was performed. The results were compared and analyzed with patients’ demographic information. Clinical and radiological data from the requisition forms were assessed.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
IBM SPSS statistics software version 22 was used. Correlations between GeneXpert ultra (MTB/RIF) Ct values and smear status were calculated by polychoric correlation. Extended McNemar’s test was used to find the association between the variables.

RESULTS:
GeneXpert ultra (MTB/RIF) yielded a positivity rate of 22.2% compared to smear microscopy 17.2%. Liquid culture yielded a positivity rate of 20.3%. Ct value and smear grading yielded a positive correlation (ρ = 0.8681; P < 0.05). Undetected cases of TB by GeneXpert ultra (MTB/RIF) were identified as positive under liquid culture by MGIT 960. TB Ag MPT64 was performed and yielded NTM and speciated as Mycobacterium abscessus complex by line probe assay.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study states the need for identification and differentiation of MTB from NTM.
Two Years of COVID-19: Analysis of Global and India's Pandemic Response
Authors: Kapoor Suraj , Anand Vivek , Arya Aman , Kumar Ankit , Kumar Pravin , Yadav Arun 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
We are currently amid a COVID-19 pandemic which had its epicenter in Hubei Province of the People's Republic of China. The present study is conducted to understand the various factors influencing pandemic response, policies adopted by different countries, and lessons learned.

Materials and Methods:
This is a descriptive study conducted across countries of different WHO regions covering period from January 2020 to December 2021. Data included parameters like case fatality rate, R0, human development index, vaccination coverage, medical manpower. Other key epidemiological parameters assessed and analyzed like sociodemographic and health related indicators.

Results:
A range of strategies has been adopted worldwide based on the population structure as well as the health-care infrastructure of each country. Rich countries such as the US and the UK were susceptible to COVID because of international air travel but also had more financial resources to fight the pandemic but have been repeatedly overwhelmed by infections and face a return to costly lockdowns. These countries had high prevalence of comorbidities such as diabetes and obesity with large elderly population. Case fatality and death per million had no relation with vaccination coverage. Countries with high population density like India and Israel shown to have high reproduction number for COVID-19. Country like New Zealand revealed best pandemic response thanks to timely and aggressive lockdown containment strategy alogwith strongpolitical will.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 vaccine seems to be the single most important weapon that needs global focus. Pediatric vaccination, booster coverage, containment strategies with strict lockdowns amid delta, and omicron variants are some of the public health dilemmas offered by the pandemic to the public health specialist and policymakers which needs to be urgently addressed.
The Use of Indigenous Communication Media for Children's Vaccination and Immunization Promotion in Rural Communities of Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: Udochi-Nwachukwu Amarachi Precious , Dada Samuel Oluwasogo , Nyashanu Mathew 
Published: December 2023

Background:
In Nigeria, child survival is threatened by vaccine-preventable diseases, and routine immunization services do not reach many children, especially those living in rural communities. The non-use of indigenous communication has been identified as one of the barriers preventing immunization coverage and acceptance by mothers of children.

Aims and Objectives:
This study investigated the use of indigenous communication media for immunization promotion among mothers in rural communities of Abia State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
Using a descriptive survey design, the study was anchored on the development communication theory. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 394 participants across 10 rural communities in Abia State. A validated closed-ended questionnaire was used for the data collection and data were analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics at P < 0.05.

Results:
The findings showed that 53.8%, 25.6%, and 20.6% of the participants averred that indigenous communication media played the role of immunization information dissemination, reminder, and reinforcement, respectively. Most (73.6%) of the respondents opined that indigenous communication media are highly relevant in informing rural dwellers about immunization programs while 50.0% believed that the use of traditional media should complement health workers' efforts during health promotion and education on vaccination and immunization. The town crier was the most utilized indigenous communication media (89.3%). There was a statistically significant relationship between the use of indigenous media and vaccination/immunization communication (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
This study revealed that indigenous communication media is crucial for the promotion of children's vaccination and immunization in rural communities. It is important that for effective health promotion efforts toward reaching rural dwellers, the use of indigenous communication media should be encouraged.
Prehospital Care in Road Traffic Accident Cases
Authors: Swaroop Vibha , Ahmed Naim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Rapid population growth, industrialization and an increase in road vehicles, have led to a drastic increase in the number of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA).Pedestrians, motorized two wheeled vehicle (MTV) users, and cyclists are the most vulnerable road user groups in terms of injuries and fatalities resulting from road traffic crashes in India. At least one-third of potentially preventable deaths occur prior to arrival at hospital and over half occur during the hospital reception and resuscitation phase of care. Prehospital emergency care in India is only beginning to develop. Thirty per cent of emergency patients in India die before they reach a hospital. Persons who shift the victims are usually untrained members of the public. Crash victims are often taken to the nearest hospital, regardless of the hospital’s capabilities for dealing with trauma. The vast majority of ambulances are used for inter-hospital transfer, not for primary response. This highlights the need of urgent steps for establishing good pre-hospital care and trauma services at site in India.

Aims and Objectives:
The study attempts to know the status of provision of pre hospital care to RTA victims and to suggest measures for improving hospital and pre-hospital care to the same.

Methods:
The study was conducted on patients of RTI admitted at Trauma Centre of King George’s Medical University UP (KGMU), Lucknow. A semi-structured questionnaire was used gather information about the socio demographic profile of RTA victims and the status of provision of pre hospital care to them.

Results:
It was seen in the present study that only eight percent cases had some sort of pre-hospital care given, or some interventions done before victim was taken to the hospital. Majority of these interventions were given by the bystanders and included measures like shifting the victim from the accident site (76.5%), water splinting/fanning/water given to drink (8.8%), or wound covered with cloth (5.9%) or medications (8.8%). In 9.7 percent cases, it was not known whether any pre hospital intervention was given. Out of the total cases who died, 66.7 percent had not received any intervention before hospitalization. The proportion of mortality was 2.5 percent in cases where no interventions were given, while there was no mortality in cases where some interventions were given before hospitalization.

Conclusion:
It was seen that very few cases got some intervention before hospitalization and a number of cases were referred from government health facilities due to unavailability of beds, equipment or medical staff. About thirty percent interviewees were not aware of ambulance emergency number. Lower proportion of mortality was seen in cases that got intervention at a health facility within an hour.
Retrospective Comparison between Pre Operative Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Postoperative Histopathological Result after Parotidectomy in Tertiary Hospital Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Hamoud Mohammed Ali , Alotaibi Ghaida Hassan , Alshahrani Khalid Abdulaziz , Alqahtani Abdulrahman Jobran S. , Najmi Albaraa , Almalki Adnan , Safhi Ahmed , Alqahtani Mubarak Shaie , Algarni Saad , Al Qannass Ali M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of parotid gland tumors and to compare between diagnostic accuracy of FNAC and tru-cut biopsy.

Materials and Methods:
An observational, retrospective noninterventional study including 95 patients who underwent both preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsy and postoperative surgical pathologies in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia between January 2015 and November 2022 was conducted.

Results:
Males (53.7) were more than females (46.3%). The most common age group was found to be more than 50 years (36.8%), followed by 41–50 years (25.3%). Only (1.9%) FNAC result report was described according to the Milan system for salivary gland cytopathology and the result was nonneoplastic II, while (98.1%) was not. FNAC sensitivity and specificity were found to be 60% and 100%, respectively. Tru-cut biopsy sensitivity and specificity were found to be 100% and 100%, respectively. No significant association was found between FNAC and tru-cut biopsy results.

Conclusion:
Overall, this study can conclude that FNAC is a simple, safe, and cost-effective diagnostic method in the investigation of parotid gland tumors with high specificity and accuracy and can prevent many unnecessary operations as a cheap and reliable diagnostic tool that can be used for preoperative diagnosis of carcinomas. It was found that tru-cut biopsy has more sensitivity and specificity than FNAC.
The Rate of Revision Septoplasty in Conventional and Endoscopic Approaches: A Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: Alarifi Ibrahim , Alsaleh Saad , Sumaily Ibrahim , Almutairi Raed , Alwabili Mohammed , Alharethy Sami , Al Arfaj Ahmed M. , Alromaih Saud , Alroqi Ahmad , Aloulah Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Long-term outcomes of endoscopic septoplasty and conventional septoplasty are not well defined in the literature. Endoscopic septoplasty is a valuable alternative to the conventional approach and provides better visualization and illumination of the nasal septum.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to compare the revision rate between the conventional and endoscopic septoplasty approaches.

Study Design:
Retrospective chart review and cross-sectional questionnaire. The study was conducted in an academic tertiary center.

Materials and Methods:
Participants were patients who underwent conventional septoplasty and endoscopic septoplasty. Any subsequent revision septoplasty surgery over a period of at least 2 years of follow-up was documented.

Results:
A total of 261 patients (mean [±standard deviation] age: 30.00 ± 9.29 years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of whom 166 (63.6%) underwent conventional septoplasty and 95 (36.4%) underwent endoscopic septoplasty. Twelve (4.6%) patients underwent subsequent revision septoplasty: 11 (6.6%) in the conventional group and 1 (1.1%) in the endoscopic group (P = 0.039). The mean Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score was 31.42 ± 27.73 in the conventional group and 23.09 ± 24.11 in the endoscopic group (P = 0.018). Regarding patient satisfaction, 82 (56.9%) patients in the conventional group were satisfied compared with 75 (79%) in the endoscopic group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The rate of revision surgery after endoscopic septoplasty was lower than for the conventional approach on long-term follow-up.
On algebraically coisotropic submanifolds of holomorphic symplectic manifolds
Authors: Amerik Ekaterina , Campana Frédéric 
Published: December 2023

We investigate algebraically coisotropic submanifolds $X$ in a holomorphic symplectic projective manifold $M$. Motivated by our results in the hypersurface case, we raise the following question: when $X$ is not uniruled, is it true that up to a finite \'etale cover, the pair $(X,M)$ is a product $(Z\times Y, N\times Y)$ where $N, Y$ are holomorphic symplectic and $Z\subset N$ is Lagrangian? We prove that this is indeed the case when $M$ is an abelian variety, and give some partial answer when the canonical bundle $K_X$ is semi-ample. In particular, when $K_X$ is nef and big, $X$ is Lagrangian in $M$ (in fact this also holds without nefness assumption). We also remark that Lagrangian submanifolds do not exist on a sufficiently general Abelian variety, in contrast to the case when $M$ is irreducible hyperk\&quot;ahler.Comment: 17 pages. v2: an improvement following a recent work of B. Taji (results valid for fibers with good minimal models rather than semiample canonical bundle). V3: minor corrections, a remark added
A Model for Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Teaching History: Lessons from Zimbabwe
Authors: Chimbunde Pfuurai , Moreeng Boitumelo Benjamin , Chawira Michael 
Published: December 2023

Developing critical thinking skills in students has proved to be elusive for Zimbabwean history teachers. Using critical theory and its strands of critical pedagogy and constructivism, this qualitative case study engrained in the interpretive paradigm investigates whether the current practices by history teachers enhance the development of critical thinking skills and then discusses how classroom practitioners can develop critical thinking in teaching. A multiple case study design was adopted to generate data using document analysis, interviews and lessons observations. The sample, chosen for detailed study through purposive sampling, included three history teachers from three secondary schools in the Gweru Urban District in the Midlands province of Zimbabwe. Evidence from the study reveals that history teachers continue to use teacher-centred methods of teaching, textbooks as the only resource, poor questioning techniques, and traditional assessment procedures that do not promote the development of critical thinking skills. It is recommended that history teaching must focus on the development of critical thinking skills rather than on the mastery of content for sustainable development to happen as dictated by the demands of the 21st century. To support that, the study proposes a transformative-interactive model to enhance the development of critical thinking skills. The research concludes that critical thinking skills do not happen arbitrarily but are developed. This study extends scholarship on history teaching by challenging and encouraging teachers to reflect on their role in the teaching of history to transform them into the designers of, and researchers of, curriculum methodology.
Energy Consumption Forecast for the Building Sector in Turkey Until 2030
Authors: YILANKIRKAN Nazile , İÇME Esra Nur 
Published: December 2023

As in the rest of the world, energy consumption is increasing in Turkey as a result of population growth and technological developments. Energy efficiency studies are becoming more and more important for Turkey, which meets more than half of its energy needs from imported sources. When the sectors where energy is consumed intensively are analyzed, it is seen that the share of building sector energy consumption in total energy consumption is approximately 20%. This high rate shows that energy efficiency studies in the building sector will reduce the amount of energy imports and the current account deficit, as well as help to ensure security of supply.
In this study, Turkey's population, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), number of buildings and the total amount of energy consumed in buildings in the past 20 years are used to estimate how much energy will be consumed in the building sector for the future. Within the scope of the study, how much energy will be consumed in the building sector in Turkey until 2030 is estimated by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) method in Matlab program. It is calculated that Turkey will consume 37.868 thousand Tons of Oil Equivalent (TOE) of energy in the building sector in 2030. In addition, the importance of energy efficiency studies in the building sector is emphasized.
Researching the Production Features of Surgical Instrument Manufacturing with 3D Printing
Authors: ÖZSOLAK Fatma Nazlı 
Published: December 2023

The process of 3D printing begins with creating a digital 3D model of the object to be printed using CAD software. This model is then sliced into thin cross-sectional layers, which are used as a guide for the 3D printer to deposit material layer by layer. The printer follows the instructions from the digital model and adds material, typically plastic, metal, or composite, to build up the final 3D object. One of the key advantages of 3D printing is its ability to produce complex geometries that are difficult or impossible to achieve with traditional manufacturing methods. This allows for the creation of lightweight and optimized designs, reducing material waste and improving the overall performance of the finished product.
This study investigates the feasibility of SLA technology (Stereolithography) as a production method as a practical alternative for surgical instrument manufacturing. Although there are many studies on obtaining accurate prints with SLA 3D device, research on the production of surgical instruments is insufficient. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted using an SLA type 3D printer, examining the hardware and software components in terms of print quality. First , the same size prints were taken of the tools whose geometries were scanned with a 3D scanner.
The purpose of this article is to conduct detailed research on the feasibility of lower-cost, 3D printing technology in surgical instrument manufacturing. An application was made and shared regarding the use of printed tools in artificial leather working sets.
CONOCIMIENTO DEL RENDIMIENTO LABORAL, ASÍ COMO SUS CAUSAS Y CONSECUENCIAS EN UN SUPERMERCADO EN HUATABAMPO SONORA
Authors: Leyva Valenzuela Griselda 
Published: December 2023

En la actualidad, existen diversas problemáticas en las empresas que hacen cada día más difícil y complicado el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores; en la presente investigación se aborda uno de los temas más frecuentes a los que se enfrentan las organizaciones “el rendimiento laboral de los trabajadores”. El objetivo general de la presente investigación consiste en determinar las causas y consecuencias del rendimiento laboral de un “supermercado en sucursal Guerrero” en Huatabampo, Sonora, a través de un estudio para proponer estrategias de mejora. La investigación surge de la necesidad de conocer las consecuencias que tiene un empleado que no se encuentra motivado y comprometido con su trabajo, se busca encontrar los factores que afectan directamente a los trabajadores y hacen que su desempeño sea bajo.
El estudio se realizó mediante una metodología de tipo mixto, ya que se aplicaron dos encuestas en las que se midieron 5 variables distintas para los empleados y clientes de la tienda, y una guía de observación con el fin de tener datos más precisos. La investigación arrojó varios factores que influyen en su desempeño laboral, así como varios puntos que se tienen que tratar y mejorar para el mismo beneficio de la empresa; tomando en cuenta los resultados arrojados por los instrumentos utilizados, se detectó una falta de motivación hacia los empleados, poco reconocimiento por su trabajo, e insatisfacción con el salario otorgado. Por otro lado, se hicieron propuestas de mejora y recomendaciones para acabar o disminuir gran parte de dichas problemáticas.
Palabras clave: rendimiento laboral, causas, consecuencias, motivación laboral, condiciones de trabajo.