bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ingestion of a row of artificial dentures in an adult: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zhang Ranran , Hao Jiahui , Liu Haiyan , Gao Hongfu , Liu Chengxia 
Published: October 2023

Rationale:
Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common clinical emergency, although in most cases, the FB can pass safely through the entire gastrointestinal tract without causing any damage. However, ingestion of large dentures is very rare and alarming, as it can threaten the intestinal mucosa and cause perforation of the gastrointestinal tract, among other complications.

Patient concerns:
A 64-year-old Chinese male was referred to our hospital for removal of a FB, which was a large denture. Clinical symptoms included chest and upper abdominal pain. He had no cough or dyspnea. Medical history included a recent cerebral infarction, craniocerebral surgery, and being bedridden for a long term.

Diagnoses:
We initially suspected a single and smooth denture, complicated by pharyngeal and esophageal mucosal injury. Radiographic examination however showed a 70-mm long opaque object located in the middle and upper esophagus, close to the trachea and aorta.

Interventions:
Multiple dentures and metal hooks were removed via endoscopy using a net, grasping forceps, and rubber jacket.

Outcomes:
The patient recovered well and experienced no postoperative complications. The patient was discharged 5 days after endoscopic therapy.

Lessons:
Our case showed that endoscopy was effective for the retrieval of an esophageal FB. For sharp FBs, the use of a net and rubber jacket is a good choice. However, we advocate for appropriate surgery in patients in whom endoscopy is not possible after an accurate diagnosis or those with severe complications.
Histological transition from minimal change disease to THSD7A-associated membranous nephropathy in a patient receiving long-term steroid treatment: A case report
Authors: Kojima Aki , Uchida Takahiro , Sugisaki Kentaro , Koizumi Minami , Aoki Ken , Mukae Mitsuya , Yamada Muneharu , Oda Takashi 
Published: October 2023

Rationale:
A predominant Th2 immune response is suggested in the pathogenesis of both minimal change disease (MCD) and membranous nephropathy (MN); however, consecutive development of the 2 diseases in a patient is extremely rare.

Patient concern:
A Japanese man, who developed nephrotic syndrome in his 50s and was diagnosed with MCD by renal biopsy, experienced a relapse of proteinuria approximately 3 years later during long-term steroid treatment. Since the proteinuria was resistant to increase in steroid dosage, repeat renal biopsy was performed, which revealed a small amount of glomerular subepithelial immune deposits containing immunoglobulin (Ig)G (dominantly IgG4). Immunostaining for thrombospondin-type-1-domain-containing-7A (THSD7A) was positive on the glomerular capillary walls, whereas that for other causative antigens of MN, such as phospholipase A2 receptor or neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein, was negative. Detailed examination found no associated condition, including malignancies and allergic diseases.

Diagnosis:
The diagnosis of THSD7A-associated idiopathic MN was made.

Interventions and outcomes:
He received further increased dose of steroids. Thereafter he maintained clinical improvement because his urinary protein level was decreased.

Lessons:
The present case suggested that histological transition from MCD to MN is possible and repeat biopsy would be crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Novel heterozygous mutation in the SHOX gene leading to familial idiopathic short stature: A case report and literature review
Authors: Liu Lifang , Li Junsheng , Li Jiarui , Hu Hui , Liu Jiao , Tang Ping 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The pathogenic mutation of short stature homeobox (SHOX) gene is one of the main genetic causes of short stature in children, with an incidence rate of 1/1000~1/2000 and the main clinical manifestations are short stature and (or) limb skeletal abnormalities. SHOX gene mutations are mostly large deletions of regulatory sequence genes, while exon mutations are relatively rare. The pathogenic rate of mutations occurring in exon 5 is only 1/50 000~1/100 000. This study reviewed the clinical data of a child with SHOX gene mutation in exon 5, and analyzed the clinical phenotype, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of SHOX gene mutation in combination with relevant literature at home and abroad.

Case presentation:
The patient was an 8-year-old girl with a height of 105.2 cm (−4.31 standard deviations). Her sitting height/height ratio was 56.8% (>55.5%), and she exhibited high-arched palate, irregular dentition, micrognathia, short fingers, and a normal growth hormone stimulation test. Whole-exome sequencing was performed, and Sanger sequencing was used for site validation. The sequencing results revealed a heterozygous mutation of c.577G > A in exon 5 of the SHOX gene, inherited from the father. The clinical symptoms of the proband were consistent with the phenotype of short stature idiopathic familial associated with SHOX gene mutations. The father, grandfather, uncle, and sister of the proband all had the c.577G > A heterozygous mutation. Therefore, the clinical diagnosis was childhood short stature caused by SHOX gene defects. The SHOX: c.577G > A mutation is likely to be the genetic etiology of familial idiopathic short stature in this family, and this novel mutation enriches the mutation spectrum of the SHOX gene.

Conclusion:
This is the first case report of familial idiopathic dwarfism caused by mutation at the c.577G > A locus of exon 5 of SHOX gene in the world. This novel mutation enriches the mutation spectrum of the SHOX gene. It is important to emphasize genetic testing, including the SHOX gene, in patients with familial idiopathic short stature and to provide timely growth hormone therapy to individuals with short stature caused by SHOX gene mutations in order to improve their adult height.
Research trends and hotpots on the relationship between high salt and hypertension: A bibliometric and visualized analysis
Authors: Chen Zhixuan , Qi Luming , Wang Jie , Nie Kaidi , Peng Xile , Chen Li , Xia Lina 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
A high salt diet is a significant risk factor for hypertension, and scholarly investigations into this relationship have garnered considerable attention worldwide. However, bibliometric analyses in this field remain underdeveloped. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of research progress on the link between high salt and hypertension from 2011 to 2022 with the goal of identifying future research trends and providing valuable insights for this field.

Methods:
High salt and hypertension data were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Microsoft Excel, Scimago Graphica, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer software were employed to analyze publication output trends, the most productive countries or regions, journals, authors, co-cited references, and keywords.

Results:
After screening, 1470 papers met the inclusion criteria. Relevant publications increased annually by 3.66% from 2011 to 2022. The United States led in research productivity, with The Journal of Hypertension publishing the most papers, and David L. Mattson as the most prolific author. Oxidative stress has emerged as a prominent research topic, and extensive investigations have been conducted on related mechanisms. “Oxidative stress,” “gut microbiota,” and “kidney injury” are recent hotspots that are expected to remain so, and this study carefully characterizes the mechanism of high salt-induced hypertension based on these hotspots.

Conclusion:
This study utilized bibliometric and visualization analysis to identify the development trends and hotspots of publications related to high salt and hypertension. The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the forefront of emerging trends and future directions in this field.
A standardized Ashwagandha root extract alleviates stress, anxiety, and improves quality of life in healthy adults by modulating stress hormones: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Majeed Muhammed , Nagabhushanam Kalyanam , Mundkur Lakshmi 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a surge in stress, anxiety, and depression worldwide. Ashwagandha, an ayurvedic adaptogen has been traditionally used to manage stress, anxiety, and general well-being.

Objective:
We assessed the effect of Ashwagandha root extract (ARE-500 mg) standardized for 2.5% withanolides as per USP protocol with piperine (5 mg of 95% piperine) once daily for 60 days (12.5 mg withanolides/day) to alleviate stress and anxiety in healthy individuals with mild to moderate symptoms.

Methods:
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted for 60 days using ARE (n = 27) and placebo (n = 27) once daily at night at Narayana Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Bangalore, and Vijaya Super Specialty Hospital, Nellore, in India. The objectives of this study were to assess an improvement in perceived stress scale (PSS), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), quality of life (QOL), cognitive scores in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), changes in salivary cortisol, urinary serotonin, dopamine, serum levels of nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) from baseline to end of the study. Safety was evaluated by laboratory parameters, and by monitoring any incidence of adverse events.

Results:
54 individuals were randomized and 50 of them completed the study. The PSS, GAD-7, and QOL scores improved significantly in all the participants taking ARE compared to the placebo. The CANTAB analysis revealed a significant improvement in multitasking, concentration, and decision taking time in ARE compared to placebo. ARE was also associated with a greater reduction in the morning salivary cortisol and an increase in urinary serotonin compared to placebo. Serum levels of NO, GSH, and MDA were not significantly different. Biochemical and hematological parameters remained in the normal range in all participants and ARE was well tolerated during the study.

Conclusion:
The results of the study suggest that ARE with 2.5% withanolides can effectively improve stress and anxiety by reducing cortisol and increasing serotonin in healthy individuals with mild to moderate symptoms.
Differences in door-to-balloon time and outcomes in SARS-CoV-2-positive ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bao Qinxue , Li Rui , Wang Chengfeng , Wang Shan , Cheng Minli , Pu Chunhua , Zou Lei , Liu Chao , Zhang Qine , Wang Qun 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 infection has significantly impacted the world and placed a heavy strain on the medical system and the public, especially those with cardiovascular diseases. Hoverer, the differences in door-to-balloon time and outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are not known too much.

Methods:
Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, VIP, and China’s National Knowledge Infrastructure were utilized to perform a systematic literature search until April 30, 2023. We computed the odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the correlation. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis if the study had significant heterogeneity. Meanwhile, sensitivity analysis and Trial sequential analysis were also accomplished using Rveman5.4 and trial sequential analysis 0.9.5.10 Beta software, respectively.

Results:
A total of 5 eligible studies were explored in our meta-analysis, including 307 cases and 1804 controls. By meta-analysis, the pooled data showed that SARS-CoV-2-positive STEMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention had a longer door-to-balloon time (OR 6.31, 95% CI 0.99, 11.63, P = .02) than the negative subjects. The glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use after SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.53, 4.81, P = .0006) was relatively frequent compared with controls, and the postoperative Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction blood flow (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.34, 0.67, P < .0001) was worse compared that. The in-hospital mortality (OR 5.16, 95% CI 3.53, 7.53, P < .00001) was higher than non-SARS-CoV-2 infection ones. In addition, we also discovered that age, gender (male), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, previous myocardial infarction, total ischemia time, and thrombus aspiration use did not have a significant association with the development of STEMI patients with SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusion:
SARS-CoV-2 positivity is significantly associated with longer door-to-balloon time and higher in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Septic thrombophlebitis of portal and splenic vein secondary to Fusobacterium nucleatum: A case report of an abdominal variant of lemierre syndrome
Authors: Pandey Sagar , Rayapureddy Aditya Keerthi , Manvar Kapilkumar , Edara Sushma , Boddu Gouthami , Thakur Ajit , Jaswani Vijay 
Published: October 2023

Rationale:
Septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein also known as Lemierre syndrome occurs secondary to an oropharyngeal infection often leading to septic embolisms to distant sites. Anaerobic gram-negative bacillus, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium necrophorum are commonly isolated organisms. Fusobacterium species has also been reported to complicate an intra-abdominal infection leading to septic thrombophlebitis of portal vein also known as pylephlebitis or abdominal variant of lemierre syndrome.

Patient concerns:
The patient was a middle-aged female patient with chief complaints of abdominal discomfort, intermittent fever and vomiting for one month.

Diagnoses:
The final diagnosis was septic thrombophlebitis of portal and splenic vein secondary to Fusobacterium nucleatum.

Interventions:
Patient was managed with broad spectrum intravenous antibiotics with coverage against gram-negative bacilli, anaerobes, and aerobic streptococcus species with therapeutic anticoagulation.

Outcomes:
Patient gradually improved and was discharged on oral apixaban. She was instructed to follow up with gastrointestinal specialist upon discharge in anticipation of the need for liver transplant in future.

Lessons:
Due to its high mortality and associated long term disease morbidity, clinicians should always strive towards early diagnosis and treatment of the condition with involvement of multidisciplinary teams.
Total lower lip reconstruction: a review of recent advances
Authors: Shukla Aishwarya , Loy Kelsey , Lu G. Nina 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
This review describes the fundamental principles and recent advances in the reconstruction of total lower lip defects to restore peri-oral aesthetic and function.

Recent findings
Modifications to the Abbe flap and visor flap have recently been described. Recent advances to free flap techniques have focused on dynamic restoration of lower lip sling function after reconstruction. This involves the transfer of innervated or noninnervated muscle tissue to reconstruct the lower lip to restore the sphincter function of the lips.

Summary
The reconstructive goals for a full thickness lower lip defect are to restore a functional oral sphincter, replace mucosal and external skin, and maintain a functional size of the oral aperture. Local flap reconstruction of sub-total lower lip defects is possible, but use of local flaps for total lip reconstruction often leads to microstomia. Several static and dynamic free tissue transfer options exist for lower lip reconstruction and have been summarized in this review.
Effect of socio-community environment on the impacts of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic and well-being among older people in Hong Kong
Authors: Ou Xiaoting , Lai Daniel W.L. , Huang Zideng , Lee Hazy H.Y. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
This study examined the effects of the socio-community environment on the impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among older people in Hong Kong.

Methods:
A random sample of 1200 60+ participants completed a telephone survey in 2020. Socio-community environment variables covering trust toward politicians, government officials, and medical professionals, and community safety factors covering confirmed cases in the building of the participant, perceived neighborhood safety, and perceived safety in Hong Kong were the independent variables. The dependent variables were impacts of COVID-19 related to social activities, finance and routines, interpersonal relationships, and the workplace. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted with variables on trust and community safety entered as separate blocks while adjusting the effects of the participants’ demographics.

Results:
Older people in a community environment that was perceived as less safe reported more negative impacts of COVID. A higher level of trust toward the various types of authorities is also demonstrated to have different effects on the perceived negative impacts of COVID in different aspects of older people’s daily lives.

Conclusion:
Trustworthy government policies and measures, as well as building a safe community environment, are important directions for addressing concerns and the negative impacts of a pandemic in the future.
Occupation and Industry Data Quality Among Select Notifiable Conditions in Washington State
Authors: Wuellner Sara , Levenson Cheri 
Published: October 2023

Context:
Occupation and industry are basic data elements that, when collected during public health investigations, can be key to understanding patterns of disease transmission and developing effective prevention measures.

Objective:
To assess the completeness and quality of occupation and industry data among select notifiable conditions in Washington and discuss potential improvements to current data collection efforts.

Design:
We evaluated occupation and industry data, collected by local health departments during routine case investigations, for 11 notifiable conditions, selected for inclusion based on an established or plausible link to occupational exposure.

Setting and Participants:
Confirmed cases of select notifiable conditions among Washington residents aged 16 to 64 years, for years 2019-2021.

Main Outcome Measures:
We calculated the percentage of cases among working-age adults reported as employed, the percentage with occupation and industry data collected, and the percentage assigned standard occupation and industry codes. We identified the most common responses for occupation and industry and challenges of assigning codes to those responses.

Results:
Among the 11 conditions evaluated, one-third of cases aged 16 to 64 years were reported as employed. Among the cases reported as employed, 91.5% reported occupation data and 30.5% reported industry data. “Self-employed” was among the top responses for occupation, a response that does not describe a specific job and could not be assigned an occupation code. In the absence of additional information, 4 of the most common responses for industry could not be coded: “health care,” “technology,” “tech,” and “food.”

Conclusion:
Routine collection of informative occupation and industry data among working-age adults is largely absent from case investigations in Washington. Methods of data collection that improve quality while minimizing the burden of collection should be pursued. Suggestions for improving data quality are discussed.
Evaluating the Impact of Residency Research Productivity on Craniofacial Surgeons’ Career Trajectory
Authors: Hauc Sacha C. , Rivera Jean C. , Seiger Kyra , Hanrahan Grace B. , Ihnat Jacqueline , Rivera Gian P. , Alperovich Michael 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
To elucidate trends in publication productivity over the past 50 years and how they correlate with the stage of training as well as the competitiveness of residency and fellowship programs. The authors hypothesize that research qualifications play an important role in obtaining a competitively ranked craniofacial surgery fellowship and that over the past 50 years, there has been an upward shift in the research qualifications held by applicants at the time of application.

Design:
A cross-sectional study was performed involving all 121 academic craniofacial surgeons in the United States for whom sex, years since fellowship, current institution rank, current academic position, and years since graduation were available.

Main Outcome Measures:
The relationship between research qualifications, as determined by the overall number of publications, number of first authorship publications, H-index scores, and years since fellowship completion, was examined. The study also analyzed the placement of surgeons at programs ranked in the top 25 versus the lower 25.

Results:
As the number of decades since beginning craniofacial fellowship decreased, the average number of first authorship publications and average H-index increased. Those who attended higher-ranking residency and fellowship programs had a higher average number of publications, number of first authorship publications, and H-index.

Conclusions:
Over the past 5 decades, research productivity at all stages of medical training has surged, potentially fueled by the trend toward pass/fail grading in medical school evaluations and standardized exams and the need to differentiate oneself in an increasingly competitive field.
Hardware failure for anterior chest wall and costal cartilage injuries: A single-center experience
Authors: Varre Jaya Sai , Schweibinz Alexis , Holzemer Jacob , Cramer Abby , Myers Megan , Bach John A. , DeVoe William B. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND
Often missed in blunt chest wall injury, costal cartilage injuries can cause chest wall instability, refractory pain, and deformity. Notably, there is only a small amount of evidence regarding hardware performance when applied to costal cartilage. In a prior multicenter study, hardware failure rate was found to be approximately 3% following surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRFs) for all fracture locations. The aim of the current study was to evaluate hardware performance for costal cartilage injuries.

METHODS
All patients undergoing SSRF performed at our institution from 2016 to 2022 were queried, including both acute and chronic injuries. Both radiographic and clinical follow-up were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate for hardware failure defined as plate fracture, malposition, or screw migration following cartilage fixation.

RESULTS
After screening 359 patients, 43 were included for analysis. Mean age was 64 years, and 67% of patients were male. Median number of fractures per patient was 7 with 60% of patients sustaining a flail chest injury pattern. Median total plates per operation was 6 and median costal cartilage plates was 3. In total, 144 plates were applied to the costal cartilage for the group. Mean follow-up was as follows: clinical 88 days, two-view plain radiography 164 days, and chest computed tomography 184 days. Hardware failure was observed in 3 of 144 plates (2.1%), in three separate patients. Two cases were asymptomatic and did not require intervention. One patient required revisional operation in the acute setting.

CONCLUSION
In our institution, hardware failure for costal cartilage fractures was observed to be 2.1%. This aligns with prior reports of hardware failure during SSRF for all injury locations. Surgical stabilization of anterior and cartilaginous chest wall injury with appropriate plate contouring and fixation technique appears to provide adequate stabilization with a relatively low rate of hardware malfunction.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level V.