bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Oxford and Reading Cognitive Comorbidity, Frailty and Ageing Research Database exploiting hospital Electronic Patient Records (ORCHARD-EPR): protocol
Authors: Boucher Emily , Jell Aimee , Singh Sudhir , Davies Jim , Smith Tanya , Pill Adam , Varnai Kinga , Woods Kerrie , Walliker David , McColl Aubretia , Shepperd Sasha , Pendlebury Sarah T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
With population ageing, a wide range of hospital specialties now manage older people with complex conditions and cognitive or physically frailty with associated poor outcomes as highlighted in current guidelines aimed at improving care. However, to implement guidelines, secure resources and undertake clinically-meaningful audit/research, hospital data systems must be able identify and quantify patients with complexity and cognitive and physical frailty. The advent of hospital electronic patient records (EPRs) offers the opportunity to exploit large scale routinely acquired data at scale without additional burden to patients or staff at relatively low cost and without selection. EPRs provide considerably richer data, and in real-time, compared to retrospective administrative datasets based on ICD-10 coded diagnoses in which clinical complexity is often poorly captured. We therefore set-up the Oxford and Reading Comorbidity Frailty and Ageing Research Database exploiting hospital Electronic Patient Records (ORCHARD-EPR).
Methods
ORCHARD-EPR uses routinely-acquired individual patient data on all patients aged >65 years with unplanned admission or Same Day Emergency Care unit attendance at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust-OUHFT (comprising four acute general hospitals serving a population of >800,000) with the plan to extend to Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust (>1,000,000). Datafields include diagnosis, comorbidities, nursing risk assessments, frailty, observations, illness acuity, laboratory tests and raw brain scan images. Importantly, ORCHARD-EPR contains the results from mandatory hospital-wide cognitive screening (>70 years) comprising the 10-point Abbreviated Mental Test and dementia and delirium diagnosis (Confusion Assessment Method-CAM). Outcomes include length of stay, delayed transfers of care, discharge destination, readmissions, and death. The rich multimodal data are further enhanced by linkage to secondary care electronic mental health records. Selection of appropriate subgroups or linkage to existing cohorts allows disease specific studies.Over 200,000 patient episodes are included (2015-2021) of which 129,248 are admissions with a LOS >1 day in 64,641 unique patients.
Discussion
ORCHARD-EPR contains rich, multimodal real-world electronic hospital data which will enable accurate phenotyping of cognitive and physical frailty including in disease-specific studies, and risk prediction for outcomes including dementia, thereby filling existing knowledge gaps and informing the design, delivery and resourcing of clinical services.
Administration of Porphyromonas Gingivalis in Pregnant Mice Enhances Glycolysis and Histone Lactylation/ADAM17 Leading to Cleft Palate in Offspring
Authors: Du Juan , Zhao Xige , Zheng Xiaoyu , Wang Yijia , Chen Jing , Wang Xiaotong , Peng Xia , Yuan Dong , Liu Ying , Wang Zhiwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Periodontal disease is a risk factor for many systemic diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Cleft palate (CP), the most common congenital craniofacial defect, has a multifaceted etiology influenced by complex genetic and environmental risk factors such as maternal bacterial or virus infection. A prior case-control study revealed a surprisingly strong association between maternal periodontal disease and CP in offspring. However, the precise relationship remains unclear. In this study, the relationship between maternal oral pathogen and CP in offspring was studied by sonicated P. gingivalis injected intravenously and orally into pregnant mice. We investigated an obvious increasing CP (12.5%) in sonicated P. gingivalis group which had inhibited osteogenesis in mesenchyme and blocked efferocytosis in epithelium. Then glycolysis and H4K12 lactylation (H4K12la) were detected to elevate in both mouse embryonic palatal mesenchyme (MEPM) cells and macrophages under P. gingivalis exposure which further promoted the transcription of metallopeptidase domain17 (ADAM17), subsequently mediated the shedding of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) in MEPM cells and mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) in macrophages and resulted in the suppression of efferocytosis and osteogenesis in palate, eventually caused abnormalities in palate fusion and ossification. The abnormal efferocytosis also led to a predominance of M1 macrophages, which indirectly inhibited palatal osteogenesis via extracellular vesicles. Furthermore, pharmacological ADAM17 inhibition could ameliorate the abnormality of P. gingivalis-induced abnormal palate development. Therefore, our study extends the knowledge of how maternal oral pathogen affects foetal palate development and provides a novel perspective to understand the pathogenesis of CP.
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (Sanyeqing) root extracts evoke S phase arrest while inhibiting the migration and invasion of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells
Authors: Sun Yifan , Qin Haiyan , Zhang Chunchun , Xu Jian , Zhang Ting 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Ethyl acetate extracts from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (Sanyeqing) (EFT), a member of the Vitaceae plant family, have been shown to exhibit efficacy against a variety of cancers. In this light, our current study seeks to examine the mechanism of efficacy between EFT extracts and human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells.
Methods: The chemical components of EFT were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of EFT on PANC-1 cells was measured using an MTT assay. In order to investigate EFT induction of cell cycle arrest, changes in cell-cycle distribution were monitored by flow cytometry. Wound healing and transwell assays were employed to investigate whether migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells were inhibited by EFT. Relative protein expression was detected using Western blot.
Results: GC-MS analysis of the chemical composition of EFT revealed that the majority of constituents were organic acids and their corresponding esters. EFT exhibits measurable cytotoxicity and inhibition of PANC-1 invasion. Growth inhibition was primarily attributed to downregulation of CDK2 which induces cell cycle arrest in the S-phase. Inhibition of metastasis is achieved through downregulation of mesenchymal-associated genes/activators, including ZEB1, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Fibronectin. Meanwhile, the expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased by EFT treatment. Furthermore, downregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed.
Conclusion: Treatment of PANC-1 with EFT demonstrated measurable cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, EFT evoked S phase arrest while inhibiting the migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells. Additionally, EFT inhibited the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and MMPs expression in PANC-1 cells. This study serves to confirm the strong therapeutic potential of EFT while identifying the mechanisms of action.
Mechanical Calculation and Analysis of Structure "Combined Short Cantilever Beam-articulated Rock Beam" of the Overlying Rock Strata in the Large Mining Height Fully Mechanized Caving Stope
Authors: Luo Jianqiao , Yan Shaohong , Shen Yupeng , Yang Tuo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In this thesis, we summarized the characteristics of mining stress in the large-mining-height fully mechanized caving face in our country's typical ultra-thick coal seams, and expounded the staple features of the“combined short cantilever beam-articulated rock beam”structure of the overlying rock in the large-cutting height fully mechanized caving face systematically. The basic cogitation of stope rock formation control is to maintain the "temporary stability" of the structure formed by the overlying strata. The cogitation of safety control of the roof rock strata in a fully-mechanized caving mining face with large mining height is to seek the quantitative criterion of the structural stability of the "combined cantilever beam-articulated rock beam" formed by the upper roof and seek operational control measures to maintain the temporary balance structure. It should start with increasing the working resistance of the hydraulic support, appropriately increasing the distance between the reasonable combined forces effect point of the support and the coal wall, reducing the step distance of the main roof pressure and immediate roof pressure, and reducing the main roof subsidence. The artificial methods such as hydraulic fracturing and pre-split blasting can be adopted with quantitative control design.
Internet-delivered modified Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (iMBCT) intervention for perceived stress and emotional distress: A pilot RCT study
Authors: Wardeszkiewicz Jan , Holas Pawel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) has demonstrated its effectiveness in preventing depression relapse and reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Preliminary research on the online version of an eight-week MBCT (iMBCT) has shown promising results in decreasing emotional distress, aligning with the positive effects observed in traditional MBCT programs. However, there is a notable gap in our understanding regarding whether the abbreviated form of iMBCT effectively reduces perceived stress and emotional distress. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap. A total of 1,348 distressed individuals from the community participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to 30-day, modified, unguided iMBCT intervention or waiting-list condition (WLC). Our reduced iMBCT consisted of six sessions, each containing guided meditations and psychoeducation recordings and materials. Perceived stress, anxiety, depression, resilience and self-compassion measurements were assessed at baseline and after 30 days of the intervention. At post-test the iMBCT participants showed a significant decrease in perceived stress, anxiety and depression and an increase of self-compassion and resilience. Participants in WLC, contrary, did not manifest any changes over time in any of the measures. Our results indicate that an online, unguided, 30-day MBCT program may be effective for distressed individuals.
Exploring the Determinants of Community-oriented Education to Anchor Relevance in Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Talaat Wagdy , Hamed Omayma 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Community-oriented education is increasingly prioritized in health professions curricula but evidence on determinants for effective implementation is dispersed. This scoping review aimed to identify key determinants to guide curriculum design, implementation and evaluation.
Methods
Databases (PubMed, Scopus) were searched for relevant studies which were screened against eligibility criteria. Determinants were extracted, analysed thematically, and synthesized narratively. A concept framework was developed to visualize relationships between determinants.
Results
Of 2789 records screened, 88 studies were included. Determinants were organized into 8 themes: community needs relevance, priority health problems, integration level, community involvement, cultural sensitivity, social accountability, health systems science, and collaboration with organizations. Determinants centred on aligning education with local contexts and priorities through engaged partnerships. Relationships between determinants were hypothetical requiring further verification.
Conclusion
The framework offers a preliminary model of determinants that can direct further rigorous inquiry. Evidence for definitive determinants of community-oriented curricula requires validation through systematic reviews. The results provide an initial synthesis to guide curriculum development pending robust evidence.
Visuo-dynamic self-modelling of soft robotic systems
Authors: Monteiro Richard Marques , Shi Jialei , Wurdemann Helge , Iida Fumiya , Thuruthel Thomas George 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Soft robots exhibit complex nonlinear dynamics with large degrees of freedom, making their modeling and control challenging. Typically, reduced-order models in time or space are used due to these challenges. However, such simplified models limit control accuracy and restrict the motion repertoire of the soft robots. In this work, we introduce an end-to-end learning-based approach for fully dynamic modeling of any general robotic system that do not rely on predefined structures. The key idea is to learn dynamic models of the robot directly in the visual space. The generated models possess identical dimensionality to the observation space, resulting in models whose complexity is determined by the sensory system without explicitly decomposing the problem. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we apply it to a fully soft robotic manipulator. We demonstrate its applicability in controller development through an open-loop optimization-based controller. Our work thus far provides the most comprehensive strategy for controlling a general soft robotic system, without constraints on the shape, properties, and dimensionality of the system. This enables us to derive a wide range of dynamic control tasks including shape control, trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance using a model derived from just 90 minutes of real-world data.
Assessment of Students’ Satisfaction: A Case Study of St Lideta Health Science and Business College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Authors: Demissie Bekele Simegn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: College and University in the modern world are expected to seek and cultivate new knowledge, provide the right kind of leadership and strive to promote equality and social justice.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the satisfaction level of final year undergraduate students enrolled in regular and Extension program of St Lideta Health Science and Business College (SLHBC), Addis Ababa and there by understand St Lideta Health Science and Business College overall level of service quality perceived by the students.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 102 final year undergraduate students of the college. The participants were selected using non probability, Convenience sampling technique. The data was collected through self-administered structured questionnaire. The collected data was entered and analyzed using Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 26.0 for windows. Analyzed data was presented using text narrations, frequency tables, graph and pie chart.
Results: The total of 102 study participants was involved in this study, with response rate of 100%. The overall level of service satisfaction among the respondents was 63.2%. Regarding administrative services, the findings from this study revealed that 40 (40.8%), 35(35.7%) and 4 (0.1%) of students were satisfied with the colleges monitoring and evaluation system, registrar service and internet service (related services) respectively.
Conclusion and recommendations: More than half of the students were satisfied with the current service status of the college, this finding is more or less comparable with previous similar studies locally and abroad in similar set ups. However, the main areas of improvement were identified to be those related with computer and internet facilities, registrar service, administrative support and related issues. Therefore, this situation invites attention of all stakeholders including the College management, government or non-government stakeholders engaged in education to enhance the quality & standards of services of St Lideta Health Science and Business College.
Depth-dependent responses of soil microbial respiration to nitrogen addition in a temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Jiang Yun , Wang Weitao , Li Jiawei , Xu Xia , Huang Yongmei , Wu Xiuchen , Zhang Bingwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Over the past few decades, terrestrial ecosystems have experienced rising atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, which further impacts the global carbon (C) budget through soil microbial respiration (MR). However, the effects of N deposition on MR are rarely characterized in subsoil (depth > 10 cm) rather than in topsoil (0–10 cm). This study attempted to elucidate how N deposition regulates MR along the soil profile and its underlying mechanism.
Methods
We collected soil samples and determined MR across three soil layers (shallow, medium, and deep) from a decade-long and five-level N addition experiment in a temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia. We further used structural equation modeling to explore how long-term N addition regulates MR through various biotic (plant attributes and microbial community structure) and abiotic (soil properties) factors across the three soil layers.
Results
The overall response of MR to N addition varied with soil depth, shifting from stimulation in the shallow soil layer (standardized total effect of 0.36) to inhibition in the medium and deep soil layers (-0.34 and − 0.31). The identified direct and indirect pathways by which N addition regulates MR significantly differed across soil layers.
Conclusion
As soil depth increases, the suppressive effect of N deposition on MR provides evidence that increasing N deposition may contribute to C accrual in the subsoil in grassland ecosystems.
Recommendations for Contrast Learning Based on Stochastic Masking and Feature-Level Enhancement
Authors: Wang Zhenhai , Fan Rong , Guo Yunlong , Tian Hongyu , Li Weimin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Learning graph structure-based representations of user-item interaction data has become the core of modern recommender systems, and graph neural networks (GNNs) show great potential for mining high-quality user-item representations. Therefore, GNN-based collaborative filtering (CF) models have been very successful. However, we believe that further improvement in CF model performance is limited owing to data sparsity and interaction noise in CF. Consequently, the GNN-based CF model is highly prone to problems such as overfitting and poor generalization after multiple graph convolution operations with limited training data. To resolve these problems, we propose a new solution,That is, contrast learning based on stochastic masking and feature-level enhancement(MFCL); specifically, we perform a random masking operation on the resulting embeddings after each layer of graph convolution to prevent the model from learning relations containing excessive sampling noise. In recommender systems, comparative learning better resolves the data sparsity problem than CF because it can extract self-supervised signals from raw data. To further enhance the robustness of the model, we adopt a robust strategy based on feature enhancement. This strategy, called feature blending, blends the feature information of the original graph to obtain an enhanced graph, thereby strengthening the representation learning ability of the nodes. We experimentally demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed method using two datasets (MovieLens-1M and Gowalla).
Enhanced understanding of organic solvent transportation in NR-NBR blend reinforced with ferrite nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Investigation
Authors: S Hema , S Gayathri , A Anagha D , Krishna Sruthi R , Krishnan Sreedeep G , Sambhudevan Sreedha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The research paper examines the transport of three regularly used laboratory organic solvents with varying solubility parameter values over a polymer blend nanocomposite membrane generated by two-roll milling. The three solvents employed (hexane, toluene, and ethanol) have varying solubility parameters. The study aimed to determine how solubility affects diffusion transport parameters in NR/NBR blends. The study indicated that incorporating magnetically active ferrite material decreased solvent absorption, diffusion, sorption, and permeation constants at lower loading. The transport method of NR/NBR nanocomposites was discovered to be unusual. Different solubility values significantly impact transport qualities. Morphological analysis data supports the relationship between ferrite content and other characteristics. The study analysed the influence of blend ratio, size of solvent molecule, and ferrite loading on the diffusion of aromatic and aliphatic solvents within NR/NBR blended systems. Including fillers' reduced swelling coefficient values, indicating a blocked solvent diffusion channel into the polymer matrix. Lower filler loading improved reinforcement, as validated by cross-link density and mechanical qualities. Data on transport was used to develop mathematical models to predict diffusion behaviour and understand the physical process of transport over nanocomposite membranes.
Psychotropic medication adherence and associated personality traits in Uganda: a hospital based cross-sectional study
Authors: Niyokwizera Emmanuel , Niyubahwe Raissa Marie Ingrid , nitunga David , Iryivuze Olivier , Muhumuza Joshua , Abamara Nnaemka Chukwudum , Kirabira Joseph 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Psychiatric disorders like other chronic disorders need medications both in short and in long-term treatment. Medication adherence is the first and main determinant of treatment success. Non-adherence to psychiatric drugs is associated with relapse, rehospitalisation and premature death. The beliefs about medication which influence non-adherence to medications are moderated by specific personality traits. Non-adherence to psychotropic medications is high in Africa but there is paucity of published studies on the level of psychotropic medication adherence and associated personality traits in Uganda.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of psychotropic medication adherence and associated personality traits among people with mental illness attending Kampala International University Teaching Hospital and Jinja Regional Referral hospital.
Methods: A Hospital based cross-sectional design was used in this study. 396 adult patients with mental illness were recruited from outpatient clinics of Kampala International University-Teaching Hospital and Jinja Regional Referral Hospital. Medication adherence was assessed using Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) while personality traits were assessed by the short form of Big Five Inventory (Ten Items Personality Inventory). We first determined other possible factors (confounders) that could influence medication adherence before reaching to the objective of the study. Logistic regression was used to assess personality traits and other factors associated with psychotropic medication adherence.
Results: The majority of the study participants were males 234(59.1%), from rural areas (74.2%), with secondary educational level (47.5%) and unemployed (44.9%). 53.8% of patients were adherent to psychotropic medications. The personality traits significantly associated with psychotropic medication adherence were neuroticism (aOR=0.84, CI=0.812-0.881, P<0.001) and agreeableness (aOR=1.11, CI=1.080-1.145, P<0.001). Others factors associated with psychotropic medications adherence included poor family support (aOR=0.145, CI=0.077-0.272, P<0.001), belief in witchcraft (aOR=0.338, CI=0.170-0.672, P=0.002), presence of side effects (aOR=0.443, CI=0.260-0.754, P=0.003) and substances use (aOR=0.240, CI=0.122-0.471, P<0.001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of medication adherence was low. Patients with neuroticism personality traits were less likely to be adherent to medications and patients with agreeableness trait were more likely to be adherent to medications. Reinforced psychoeducation about mental illness and medication adherence to specific population such as patients with neuroticism personality traits and those with alcohol and other substances use would help to improve adherence to medication in Uganda.