bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ERBB2, TBX2, RPS6KB1, and MYC alterations in breast tissues of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers
Authors: Adem Camilo , Soderberg Cheryl L. , Hafner Kari , Reynolds Carol , Slezak Jeffrey M. , Sinclair Colleen S. , Sellers Thomas A. , Schaid Daniel J. , Couch Fergus , Hartmann Lynn C. , Jenkins Robert B. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBreast cancer risk is greatly increased in women who carry mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. Because breast cancer initiation is different between BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and women who do not carry mutations, it is possible that the mechanism of breast cancer progression is also different. Histopathologic and genetic studies have supported this hypothesis. To test this hypothesis further, we utilized a large cohort of women who underwent therapeutic mastectomy (TM) and contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (PM). From this cohort, we developed case groups of women with a family history of breast cancer with BRCA1/2 deleterious mutations, with unclassified variant alterations, and with no detected mutation and matched these cases with sporadic controls from the same TM and PM cohort. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed on paraffin sections by use of dual‐color probes for ERBB2/CEP17, MYC/CEP8, TBX2/CEP17, and RPS6KB1/CEP17. All malignant and benign lesions, including putative precursor lesions, were studied. The invasive cancers from deleterious mutation carriers had a higher prevalence of duplication of MYC (P = 0.006) and TBX2 (P = 0.0008) compared to controls and a lower prevalence of ERBB2 amplification (P = 0.011). Coduplication of MYC and TBX2 was common in the in situ and invasive lesions from the deleterious mutation carriers. The odds ratio of having a BRCA1/2 mutation is 31.4 (95% CI = 1.7–569) when MYC and TBX2 are coduplicated but ERBB2 is normal. Unclassified variant carriers/no mutation detected and sporadic controls had a similar prevalence of alterations, suggesting that hereditary patients with no deleterious mutations follow a progression pathway similar to that of sporadic cases. With the exception of one atypical ductal hyperplasia lesion, no putative precursor lesion showed any detectable alteration of the probes tested. There was no significant intratumoral heterogeneity of genetic alterations. Our data confirm that a specific pattern of genomic instability characterizes BRCA1/2‐related cancers and that this pattern has implications for the biology of these cancers. Moreover, our current and previous results emphasize the interaction between phenotype and genotype in BRCA1/2‐related breast cancers and that a combination of morphologic features and alterations of ERBB2, MYC, and TBX2 may better define mechanisms of tumor progression, as well as determine which patients are more likely to carry BRCA1/2 mutations. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromosomal instability and marker chromosome evolution in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Reshmi Shalini C. , Saunders William S. , Kudla Donna M. , Ragin Camille Rose , Gollin Susanne M. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractSquamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and its subset, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), arise through a multistep process of genetic alterations as a result of exposure to environmental agents, such as tobacco smoke, alcoholic beverages, and viruses, including human papillomavirus. We and others have shown that the karyotypes of OSCC are near‐triploid and contain multiple structural and numerical abnormalities. However, despite a background of clonal chromosomal aberrations, individual cells within a culture express many nonclonal numerical and structural abnormalities, termed chromosomal instability (CIN). To evaluate CIN in oral cancer cells, we isolated clones from two OSCC cell lines and carried out classical cytogenetic analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization using centromere‐specific probes, and spectral karyotyping. We observed variation in chromosome number within clones and between clones of the same cell line. Although similar numbers of centromeric signals for a particular chromosome were present, “homologs” of a chromosome varied structurally from cell to cell (marker chromosome evolution) as documented by classical and spectral karyotyping. In addition to the numerical chromosome variations within a clone, we observed marker chromosome evolution by structural chromosome alterations. It appears that both intrinsic structural alterations and extrinsic cytoskeletal factors influence chromosome segregation, resulting in individual tumor cells that express unique karyotypes. We show that CIN and marker chromosome evolution are essential acquired features of neoplastic cells. Proliferation of this heterogeneous cell population may provide some cells with the ability to evade standard therapies. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Willingness to pay for low‐lung‐cancer‐risk cigarettes in Taiwan
Authors: Jan Man‐Ser , Fu Tsu‐Tan , Huang Chung L. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis study develops a conceptual framework based on the random utility model to estimate smokers' willingness to pay (WTP) for the hypothetical low‐lung‐cancer‐risk cigarettes in Taiwan. Following the approach taken by Viscusi (J Polit Econ 1990; 98: 1253–1269), an individual's subjective risk perception on the probability of developing lung cancer from smoking cigarettes was measured and used in the estimation of demand for safer cigarettes. Other factors that may affect a smoker's purchase decision toward the hypothetically safer cigarettes are also identified. The average WTP for one pack of low‐lung‐cancer‐risk cigarettes is estimated to be NT$44.15, which represents a 152% price increase over the average price of cigarettes currently sold in the market. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality management and personnel participation: Improvement teams, a solution for ISO 9000 system maintenance problems in small to medium‐sized enterprises
Authors: Prado José Carlos Prado , Fernández‐González Arturo J. , García‐Lorenzo Antonio 
Published: May 2004

AbstractNowadays, companies have not only the challenge of developing systems for quality management, but also others of promoting and assuring the improvement of quality. Personnel participation becomes the key for quality system survival and improvement in the long term. This article contains the basis of a methodology that, within the framework of the ISO 9001:2000 standard and based on an Improvement Teams Program, contributes to quality management system maintenance on the way to excellence. The main target of this methodology is the small to medium‐sized enterprise. This methodology is illustrated with a brief description of its application in a leading Spanish company in the textile‐fashion‐clothing industry. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 221–237, 2004.
Three‐dimensional analysis of a driver‐passenger vehicle interface
Authors: Chung Sung‐Jae , Park Min‐Yong 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis article presents a method of analyzing how drivers' anthropometric data are best accommodated by a specific driver‐vehicle interface. Three‐dimensional (3‐D) manikins with 18 links were developed using anthropometric data for the U.S. 95th percentile male and 5th percentile female. In addition, an adjustable seating buck was constructed to control 7 package variables. After the manikins were positioned in each driving environment, 3‐D Cartesian coordinates for the manikins' articulations were determined using a coordinate measuring machine. The data were then converted into joint angles to suggest suitable driving environments that consider appropriate driving postures. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 269–284, 2004.
Development of a knowledge‐based system for nonpowered hand tools (Tool Expert): Part I—The scientific basis
Authors: Kayis Berman , Charoenchai Nivit 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe need for developing a clear and concise guide for designing, selecting, and using hand tools would minimize if not eliminate acute–chronic trauma exposure factors and help improve efficiency, well‐being, and morale. Despite several research efforts devoted to the exploration and understanding of the interrelation between human capabilities, task requirements, nature of tasks, and ergonomically designed hand tools, there appear to be several problems in utilizing existing knowledge in practical use. One of the most important barriers is the lack of interaction of several specialists from different backgrounds. In this article, TOOL‐EXPERT, a knowledge‐based system developed to assert the ergonomical nonpowered hand tool design, selection, and use, is explained, which will provide a guideline to several users from various backgrounds. The system is designed to run in any IBM‐compatible personal computer system. Knowledge from several domains was included. The type of knowledge used in the research was selected to be a declarative knowledge. Altogether it includes 423 goals, 35 questions, and 40 rules. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 257–268, 2004.
The lean manufacturing enterprise: An emerging sociotechnological system integration
Authors: Paez O. , Dewees J. , Genaidy A. , Tuncel S. , Karwowski W. , Zurada J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractLean production represents a change in production system paradigm that calls for integration of the human and technological practices. This article reviews previous models of lean production that concentrated mainly on some distinct features of its philosophy, organization, and techniques and presents a framework of lean production as a sociotechnological system. The proposed framework provides an integrated view based on the interactions of human and technological elements. The lean enterprise is viewed as a dynamic process that translates its goals (zero waste, flow, and pull) into combined techniques that should be implemented throughout the entire organization. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 285–306, 2004.
Learning modulation by endogenous hippocampal IL‐1: Blockade of endogenous IL‐1 facilitates memory formation
Authors: Depino Amaicha M. , Alonso Mariana , Ferrari Carina , del Rey Adriana , Anthony Daniel , Besedovsky Hugo , Medina Jorge H. , Pitossi Fernando 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) cytokine family (IL‐1α, IL‐β, and the IL‐1 receptor antagonist) is involved in immune and inflammatory responses both in the brain and in the periphery. Recently, it has also been shown to influence behavior and memory consolidation. However, within the experimental systems studied, it has remained unclear whether the role of IL‐1β is associated solely with a pathophysiological process or whether it is a neuromodulator in normal adult brain. To evaluate the involvement of the nonpathological endogenous IL‐1 system in learning, we studied the expression of IL‐1α, IL‐1β, and IL‐1ra during memory consolidation. We observed a learning‐specific hippocampal IL‐1α mRNA induction, but not that of IL‐1β or IL‐1ra mRNAs, after inhibitory avoidance training. Moreover, when IL‐1 receptor activity was inhibited using an adenoviral vector that expresses the IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1ra) in the hippocampus, both short‐term and long‐term memory retention scores were facilitated. In contrast, endogenous hippocampal IL‐1 played no role in the habituation to a novel environment. These results demonstrate that endogenous hippocampal IL‐1 specifically modulates a fear‐motivated learning task, and suggest that IL‐1α activity in the CNS is part of the hippocampal memory processing. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intrinsic vesicular glutamate transporter 2‐immunoreactive input to septohippocampal parvalbumin‐containing neurons: Novel glutamatergic local circuit cells
Authors: Hajszan Tibor , Alreja Meenakshi , Leranth Csaba 
Published: May 2004

AbstractGlutamatergic influence on the medial septum diagonal band of Broca complex (MSDB) is a crucial and powerful driver of hippocampal theta rhythm and associated memory processes, in the rat. The recent discovery of vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT) provided a specific marker for glutamatergic neuronal elements. Therefore, this study aimed to address two specific questions: (1) do glutamatergic axons innervate MSDB γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic, parvalbumin (PV)‐containing septohippocampal neurons that are known to have a great influence on the electric activity of the hippocampus; and (2) is the origin of these glutamatergic axons extrinsic and/or intrinsic to the septum. The results of the correlated light and electron microscopic double‐labeling immunohistochemistry for VGLUT2 and PV, and single immunostaining for VGLUT2 in colchicine‐treated animals, showed that (1) VGLUT2‐containing boutons establish asymmetric synaptic contacts with PV‐positive perikarya and dendrites; (2) a large population of VGLUT2‐immunoreactive neurons is located primarily in the posterior division of the septum; and (3) following surgical fimbria/fornix transection and septal undercut, most VGLUT2‐containing axons, including those terminating on MSDB PV cells, remains intact. The latter two observations suggest that the major portion of MSDB glutamate axons have an intraseptal origin and raise a novel functional aspect of glutamatergic cells as local circuit neurons. A constant impulse flow in the septohippocampal GABA pathway is essential for the generation of theta rhythm. Thus, the heavy glutamatergic innervation of these septohippocampal GABA cells establishes the morphological basis for the powerful glutamatergic influence upon theta rhythm and hippocampus‐associated memory processes. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In support of universalistic models of managerial and leadership effectiveness: Implications for HRD research and practice
Authors: Hamlin Robert G. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractVarious researchers have recently challenged “contingent” models of managerial and leadership effectiveness, arguing that logic suggesting the universality of manager and supervisory leader behaviors is compelling, although there is sparse empirical evidence to support this view. A comparative study of the findings from three previous empirical factor analytic studies into the criteria of managerial effectiveness, carried out in three different types of public sector organizations in the United Kingdom, support the view that “universalistic” as opposed to “contingent” models are more consistent with the facts. A generic model of managerial and leadership effectiveness is presented, and the implications for HRD research and practice are discussed.
Fat, fiber, fruits, vegetables, and risk of colorectal adenomas
Authors: Mathew Aleyamma , Peters Ulrike , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Kulldorff Martin , Sinha Rashmi 
Published: June 2004

AbstractA case‐control study was conducted at the National Naval Medical Center (Maryland, USA) from 1994 to 1996 to investigate the possible association between dietary factors and colorectal adenomas. Cases (n = 239) were subjects diagnosed with adenomas (146 new and 93 recurrent) by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. Those with no evidence of adenomas found by sigmoidoscopy were recruited as controls (n = 228). Dietary variables, assessed by a 100‐item food frequency questionnaire, were analyzed by the logistic regression model, which was adjusted for age, gender and total energy intake. Variables of fat intake were further adjusted for red meat intake. An increased risk of 7% [odds ratio (OR): 1.07; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.94–1.22] per 5% energy/day from total fat was observed. Every additional 5% unit of oleic acid intake/day significantly increased the adenoma risk by 115% (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.05–4.39). Red meat fat increased the risk by 20% (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.71–2.04), and white meat fat decreased the risk by 67% (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.19–0.95) for every additional 5% unit of respective intake/day. Risk decreased by 41% (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.41–0.86) for every additional 5% unit of fiber intake/day. Vegetable [OR per 100 g of vegetable intake/day: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.67–1.04] and fruit (OR per 100 g of fruit intake/day: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.82–1.03) intake showed an inverse association, and the results are suggestive of an association with the risk for adenomas. In conclusion, a strong positive association between oleic acid intake and colorectal adenoma risk was observed. This is likely to be an indicator of “unhealthy” food (meat, dairy, margarine, mayonnaise, sweet baked food) consumption in this population. Increased intake of dietary fiber was associated with a moderately decreased risk of adenomas. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum enterolactone concentration is not associated with breast cancer risk in a nested case‐control study
Authors: Kilkkinen Annamari , Virtamo Jarmo , Vartiainen Erkki , Sankila Risto , Virtanen Mikko J. , Adlercreutz Herman , Pietinen Pirjo 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe lignan enterolactone produced by the intestinal microflora from dietary precursors has been hypothesized to protect against hormone‐dependent cancers. We conducted a nested case‐control study to examine the relationship between serum enterolactone concentration and risk of breast cancer. Enterolactone concentrations were measured by time‐resolved fluoroimmunoassay in serum collected at 4 independent cross‐sectional population surveys from 206 women with breast cancer diagnosed during follow‐up (mean 8.0 years) and from 215 controls frequency‐matched to cases by study cohort, 5‐year age group and study area. Mean serum enterolactone concentration (nmol/l) did not significantly differ between case and control subjects [25.2 (SD 22.2) vs. 24.0 (SD 21.3), respectively]. Odds ratios for breast cancer risk estimated by conditional logistic regression for increasing concentration of enterolactone in quartiles were 1.00 (referent), 1.67 (95% CI 0.95–2.95), 1.71 (95% CI 0.96–3.06) and 1.30 (95% CI 0.73–2.31), and p for trend was 0.48. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that high serum enterolactone concentration is associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anti‐neovascular therapy by liposomal drug targeted to membrane type‐1 matrix metalloproteinase
Authors: Kondo Masami , Asai Tomohiro , Katanasaka Yasufumi , Sadzuka Yasuyuki , Tsukada Hideo , Ogino Koichi , Taki Takao , Baba Kazuhiko , Oku Naoto 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBecause membrane type‐1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1‐MMP) is expressed specifically on the angiogenic endothelium as well as tumor cells, an agent possessing the ability to bind to this molecule might be useful as a tool for active targeting of tumor angiogenic vessels. Based on the sequences of peptide substrates of MT1‐MMP, which had been determined by using a phage‐displayed peptide library, we examined the binding ability of peptide‐modified liposomes for endothelial cells and targeting ability for tumor tissues by positron emission tomography (PET). Liposomes modified with stearoyl‐Gly‐Pro‐Leu‐Pro‐Leu‐Arg (GPLPLR‐Lip) showed high binding ability to human umbilical vein endothelial cells and accumulated in the tumor about 4‐fold more than did the unmodified liposomes. Because we reported previously that liposomalized 5′‐O‐dipalmitoylphosphatidyl 2′‐C‐cyano‐2′‐deoxy‐1‐β‐D‐arabino‐pentofuranosylcytosine (DPP‐CNDAC), a hydrophobized derivative of the novel antitumor nucleoside CNDAC, strongly suppressed tumor growth when delivered in liposomes modified with another angiogenic homing peptide, we examined the antitumor activity of DPP‐CNDAC entrapped in GPLPLR‐Lip. DPP‐CNDAC/GPLPLR‐Lip showed significant tumor growth suppression compared to DPP‐CNDAC/unmodified liposomes. These results suggest that DPP‐CNDAC‐liposomes modified with MT1‐MMP‐targeted peptide are useful for cancer anti‐neovascular therapy (ANET), namely, tumor growth suppression by damage to angiogenic endothelial cells. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Humoral immune response against melanoma antigens induced by vaccination with cytokine gene‐modified autologous tumor cells
Authors: Ehlken Hanno , Schadendorf Dirk , Eichmüller Stefan 
Published: June 2004

AbstractAlthough the existence of a humoral response against tumor‐associated antigens is well appreciated, a systematic analysis of its possible induction by the tumor remains missing. We compared the specific IgG response of Stage IV melanoma patients during vaccination. Patients had been treated within 2 clinical trials with autologous tumor cells gene‐modified for IL‐7 or IL‐12. A panel of 27 tumor‐associated antigens (HD‐MM‐01 to HD‐MM‐27) was isolated by a SEREX screening of a testis cDNA library using a pool of 5 sera from patients after vaccination. All antigens were retested with individual sera of 12 patients both pre‐ and post‐vaccination. A serological response was induced during vaccination against 18 antigens. Remarkably, induction was detected only in patients included in the screening pool. The low overlap between sero‐reactivity of the 12 patients suggested a very individualized immunological reaction. Two of 5 sera included in the screening pool exhibited a high frequency of induced humoral responses. The same patients had been shown to have a high Karnovsky index and had generated lytic cytotoxic T cells against the tumor. Besides 2 known cancer‐germline genes (SCP‐1 and PLU‐1), the other isolated antigens were expressed in a non‐tumor‐specific fashion as analyzed by virtual Northern blot or RT‐PCR. The properties of homologues to several of the identified tumor‐antigens, especially PLU‐1, SCP‐1, DNEL2, CLOCK, and PIASx‐α, suggest further investigation of their possible function in malignant melanoma. We conclude that a strong humoral response against tumor‐associated antigens is inducible by tumor cells and that this response is very individual. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Can cervical cancer screening be stopped at 50? The prevalence of HPV in elderly women
Authors: Baay Marc F.D. , Smits Evelien , Tjalma Wiebren A.A. , Lardon Filip , Weyler Joost , Van Royen Paul , Van Marck Eric A.E. , Vermorken Jan B. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractAlthough the relation between cervical cancer and the human papillomavirus (HPV) has been established beyond doubt, the introduction of HPV detection in cervical cancer screening is halted, primarily by the high rate of false positivity in relation to morbidity, since the majority of women infected with HPV will not develop lesions. To counteract overconsumption of cervical cancer screening in elderly women, we wanted to test the hypothesis that women of 50 years or older who are HPV‐negative and have a cytologically normal smear might be encouraged to refrain from further screening. As a first step, the prevalence of high‐risk HPV in a population of 1,936 women of 50 years and older was investigated. After an initial decline, a slightly higher prevalence can be seen with increasing age. There is a decrease in the prevalence of multiple infections with age, paralleled by an increase in single infections, especially of HPV type 16 in the eldest‐age group. However, neither the decrease in multiple infections nor the increase in single infections is statistically significant. The data obtained in this study show that, even in the presence of a slight increase in the HPV prevalence in elderly women, approximately 94% of the elderly women can be withdrawn from the cervical cancer screening. However, a follow‐up study will be necessary to determine the frequency of (re)infection as well as the course of an HPV infection in elderly women. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.