bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amelioration of liver fibrosis with autologous macrophages induced by IL-34-based condition
Authors: Igarashi Yuichi , Wada Haruka , Muto Masato , Sone Ryohei , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Seino Ken-ichiro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
For the treatment of liver fibrosis, several novel cell therapies have been proposed. Autologous macrophage therapy has been reported as one of the promising treatments. So far, most studies have used colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) to induce the differentiation of macrophage progenitor cells. The receptor for CSF-1, CSF-1R possesses another ligand, interleukin 34. However, the therapeutic capacity for liver fibrosis by interleukin 34-induced macrophages has not been evaluated.

Methods
We have employed acute (bile duct ligation) and chronic (administration of carbon tetrachloride or thioacetamide) liver fibrosis models. Using these models, we evaluated the therapeutic capacity of macrophages induced by interleukin 34-based conditions. In most experiments, interleukin 4 was also added to the differentiation process to induce alternative-activated macrophages. As a mechanism analysis, we have examined liver inflammation and damage, the status of stellate cells, and the immunosuppressive capacity of the macrophages. Human macrophages were differentiated from CD14+ monocytes and analyzed.

Results
In both acute and chronic liver damage experiments, interleukin 34-induced macrophages significantly ameliorated liver fibrosis. The addition of interleukin 4 to the differentiation process resulted in an increase of obtained macrophages and a bias to alternative activated macrophages (so-called M2). The alternative activated macrophages (M2-type) showed a reproducible therapeutic effect of liver fibrosis with a suppression of parameters of liver inflammation and damage, stellate cells, and T cell activation. Similar macrophages could be differentiated from human CD14+ monocytes in the presence of interleukin 34 plus interleukin 4, and a therapeutic effect was observed using a humanized mouse model.

Conclusions
Interleukin 34-induced macrophages, particularly when additionally stimulated with interleukin 4, significantly ameliorated the liver fibrosis.
Recognition model for major depressive disorder in Arabic user-generated content
Authors: Rabie Esraa M. , Hashem Atef F. , Alsheref Fahad Kamal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
One of the psychological problems that have become very prevalent in the modern world is depression, where mental health disorders have become very common. Depression, as reported by the WHO, is the second-largest factor in the worldwide burden of illnesses. As these issues grow, social media has become a tremendous platform for people to express themselves. A user’s social media behavior may therefore disclose a lot about their emotional state and mental health. This research offers a novel framework for depression detection from Arabic textual data utilizing deep learning (DL), natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), and BERT transformers techniques in light of the disease’s high prevalence. To do this, a dataset of tweets was used, which was collected from 3 sources, as we mention later. The dataset was constructed in two variants, one with binary classification and the other with multi-classification.

Results
In binary classifications, we used ML techniques such as “support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), and Gaussian naive Bayes (GNB),” and used BERT transformers “ARABERT.” In comparison ML with BERT transformers, ARABERT has high accuracy in binary classification with a 93.03 percent accuracy rate. In multi-classification, we used DL techniques such as “long short-term memory (LSTM),” and used BERT transformers “Multilingual BERT.” In comparison DL with BERT transformers, multilingual has high accuracy in multi-classification with an accuracy of 97.8%.

Conclusion
Through user-generated content, we can detect depressed people using artificial intelligence technology in a fast manner and with high accuracy instead of medical technology.
Arabic version of Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ)
Authors: Abd El-hakeem Wafaa Helmy , Sayed Sara Ibrahim , Shahin Fatma Wafik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Laboratory studies are costly in diagnosing OSA, particularly in research studies.

Objectives
This study seeks to validate the Arabic version of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) in Arabic for an OSA screening test.

Methods
The PSQ was translated into Arabic and culturally adapted to develop the APSQ. The application of the APSQ was made for 66 children with OSA, wherein 33 children were retested after 15 days, and 66 children without OSA.

Results
APSQ was highly reliable for each subdomain, and the total questionnaire used Cronbach’s alpha. It also shows high reliability for each questionnaire and each subdomain. The area under the curve showed high accuracy for the APSQ with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 96.9%.

Conclusion
The Arabic Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (APSQ) is a reliable and valid instrument for screening for obstructive sleep apnea in children; it is additionally sensitive in identifying manifestations of obstructive sleep apnea in children.
Validation of a Single Item Measure for Financial Toxicity Screening in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Gharzai Laila A. , Mady Leila J. , Armache Maria , Sun Zequn , Jagsi Reshma , Cella David , Peipert J. Devin , Sadigh Gelareh , Hass Richard W. 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE
Financial toxicity (FT) has been linked to higher symptom burden and poorer clinical outcomes for patients with cancer. Despite the availability of validated tools to measure FT, a simple screen remains an unmet need. We evaluated item 12 (“My illness has been a financial hardship to my family and me”) of the COmprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) measure as a single-item FT screening measure.

METHODS
In this secondary analysis, 711 patients with cancer (690 with breast cancer) were recruited via a web-based survey from a philanthropic organization. COST items 1-11 were scored according to Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy scoring guidelines, with lower scores indicating worse FT. Analyses focused on establishing a correlation, examining item properties, and sensitivity/specificity of item 12 relative to the total COST score.

RESULTS

Item 12 had a correlation of
r
= 0.53 with the COST-11 score, and an increase of one point on item 12 is associated with a decrease of approximately three total points on the full scale (
b
, 3.35;
P
< .001; adjusted
R
2
, 0.28). Item analysis with the graded-response item in response theory modeling showed very good discrimination (
a
, 2.096) for item 12, indicating that it can reliably distinguish between low and high FT in patients. Sensitivity ranged between 75.6% and 95.7% on all item 12 thresholds to screen positive for FT using two COST cutoffs as criteria. Maximizing both sensitivity and specificity was to be found for higher item 12 scores.

CONCLUSION
To our knowledge, this is the first validation of a single-item screening measure for FT. Overall, these results illustrate that item 12 from the COST measure is a good candidate for a single-item screener. Clinicians can choose among item 12 screening thresholds depending on their tolerance for low specificity.
Evaluating the Immunogenicity Risk of Protein Therapeutics by Augmenting T Cell Epitope Prediction with Clinical Factors
Authors: Hu Zicheng , Wu Patrick , Swanson Steven J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Protein-based therapeutics may elicit undesired immune responses in a subset of patients, leading to the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). In some cases, ADAs have been reported to affect the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and/or safety of the drug. Accurate prediction of the ADA response can help drug developers identify the immunogenicity risk of the drug candidates, thereby allowing them to make the necessary modifications to mitigate the immunogenicity. In this study, we leveraged the rich clinical study data collected by Roche/Genentech to identify factors that impact drug immunogenicity. We focused on conventional monoclonal antibodies, but have included a variety of additional drug modalities in the analysis. We show that the clinical ADA incidences are associated with the mechanism of action of the drugs, the mechanism of action of comedications, the routes of drug administration and the diseases of the patient cohort. By combining these clinical factors with the in silico epitope prediction, we improved the prediction accuracy of drug immunogenicity in clinical trials (AUC of cross validation improved from 0.72 to 0.93).

Graphical Abstract
Toward robust network controllability: Insights and future directions
Authors: Lou Yang , Wang Lin , Chen Guanrong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Network controllability refers to the ability of a networked system to drive its state to any desired configuration through control inputs. Controllability robustness ensures that this capability is maintained or retained under structural variations, such as node or edge failures caused by malicious attacks or random perturbations, which is critically important for real-world networks. This paper reviews existing metrics, evaluation methods and optimization strategies for controllability robustness, introducing also modeling techniques for attack processes. Analytical techniques, empirical simulations and machine-learning–based approaches are presented, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Finally, some future directions are briefly discussed in four key areas: metrics design, evaluation refinement, optimization algorithms, and attack process modeling. By addressing these challenges, it is expected to develop more robust and stronger resilient networked systems.
Critical parameters and equilibrium profiles for gravitational collapse with shear viscosity
Authors: Silveira F. E. M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this letter, we investigate the instability around equilibrium of a poor thermal conductor with shear viscosity. The analytical formulation departs from a Boltzmann relation satisfied by the non-homogeneous density. The equilibrium condition together with the equation of state provide rescaled frequency, time, and viscosity. A viscosity parameter is then suitably identified. We find the radial profiles for the gravitational field and potential, and density at equilibrium. As a result, we obtain the critical radius and mass of the collapsing self-gravitating gas cloud as functions of the viscosity parameter. We find that shear viscosity cannot drive gravitational collapse of compact objects. Applications of our theory as a benchmark test for astrohydrocodes are addressed.
Using a Composite Summary of Daily Sex Hormones to Gauge Time Until Menopause: A Focus on Pregnanediol Glucuronide (PDG)
Authors: Winkles J F , Colvin Alicia , El Khoudary Samar R , Santoro Nanette , Sammel Mary , Crawford Sybil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
The timing of a woman's final menstrual period (FMP) in relation to her age is considered a valuable indicator of overall health, being associated with cardiovascular, bone health, reproductive, and general mortality outcomes.

Objective
This work aimed to evaluate the relationship between hormones and the “time to FMP” when daily hormone trajectories are characterized by their 1) entropy, and 2) deviation from premenopausal/stable cycle patterns (representing a textbook “gold standard”; GS).

Methods
As part of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, urinary luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estrogen conjugates (E1C), and pregnanediol glucuronide (PDG) were measured daily from a multiracial sample of 549 mid-life women for the duration of one menstrual cycle. Hormone trajectories were mapped onto a plane with axes representing Fuzzy entropy (FuzzEn) and the normalized dynamic time warping distance (DTW) from the GS.

Results
Viewing FSH, E1C, PDG, and LH through this lens reveals that, contrary to existing wisdom, PDG stands out as a powerful predictor/descriptor of “time to FMP.” Using cluster analyses to discretize PDG on the DTW/FuzzEn plane yields statistically different survival curves, and Cox proportional hazards analyses confirm that this separation persists in the presence of known covariates of FSH, antimüllerian hormone, age, body mass index, financial hardship, smoking status, and cycle length.

Conclusion
Since PDG is generally not considered a predictor/descriptor of ovarian aging, this work validates the DTW/FuzzEn analytical framework and introduces another metric/hormone to be used in FMP-related preventive care.
Glucocorticoid Resistance Syndrome in 2 Patients With Diverse Genotype
Authors: Battiola Tess , Viskochil David , Wolken Kaci , Couldwell Marie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Glucocorticoid resistance syndrome (GRS) is caused by inactivating pathogenic variants in the glucocorticoid receptor gene NR3C1. Reduced glucocorticoid receptor signaling leads to decreased tissue sensitivity to cortisol and resultant biochemical hypercortisolism without the classic clinical features of Cushing syndrome. Patients variably present with signs and symptoms of mineralocorticoid and androgen excess from ACTH overstimulation of the adrenal cortex. Neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, anorexia, and insomnia, have also been reported and may be related to CRH excess. Due to the broad clinical spectrum and genetic heterogeneity of the disorder, it remains a diagnostic and treatment challenge. In this report, we describe 2 cases of GRS that highlight the genetic diversity of the condition. Both patients had prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms. While 1 patient had no identifiable variant in the glucocorticoid receptor gene, the other was found to have a novel NR3C1 variant. Low-dose dexamethasone treatment led to clinical improvement in the patient with negative genetic testing, and the second patient continues to be monitored.
Research Note: New Estimates of Immigrants’ Self-employment From Linked Tax Records
Authors: Tamborini Christopher R. , Villarreal Andrés 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Self-employment plays a crucial role in immigrants’ economic assimilation. Previous studies examining immigrants’ self-employment relied on estimates obtained from national surveys, which could contain measurement error. In this research note, we compare estimates of immigrant men's self-employment obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS) with those from data linking respondents to their tax records. Our findings indicate that the CPS substantially underestimates the immigrant–native gap in self-employment. In some cases, the rate of self-employment for immigrants from administrative data is nearly double that obtained from survey data alone. Measurement error also appears to distort estimated differences in self-employment among immigrants by race, ethnicity, and national origin. The results highlight the greater importance of self-employment for the labor market integration of immigrant men than was previously known on the basis of survey data alone.
Ear pinna growth and differentiation is conserved in murids and requires BMP signaling for chondrocyte proliferation
Authors: Allen Robyn S. , Biswas Shishir K. , Seifert Ashley W. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Despite being a major target of reconstructive surgery, development of the ear pinna remains poorly studied. Here, we provide a cellular characterization of late gestational and postnatal ear pinna development in two rodents and investigate the role of BMP5 in expansion and differentiation of auricular elastic cartilage. We find that ear pinna development is largely conserved between Mus musculus and the highly regenerative Acomys dimidiatus. The pattern of pre-cartilaginous cells is established early in development. These cells are specified into chondroblasts before ear unfolding and then undergo extensive proliferation before maturation. The elastic cartilage, connective tissue fibroblasts, dermal papilla and sheath cells, and adipocytes in the adult pinna are derived from cranial neural crest. Cellular analysis using the naturally occurring short ear mouse mutant shows that loss of BMP5 does not prevent specification of chondroblasts, but does impair chondroblast proliferation. Finally, chondroblast proliferation remains impaired in the adult mid-distal ear pinna of these mutants. Together, these data establish the developmental basis for differentiation of ear pinna tissues.
The Impact of Endometriosis on Mental Health - A Literature Review of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: Woźniak Julia , Kadłubek Sabina , Mąka Magdalena , Kapturska Natalia , Kalinowski Szymon , Cymerys Kinga , Kardaszewski Piotr , Kamiński Jakub , Sikora Dominik , Góralczyk Ewa 
Published: January 2025

Introduction and purpose: Endometriosis is a gynecological disease that affects about 10% of women worldwide. Women suffering from endometriosis are susceptible to mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety. It is essential to highlight the psychological struggles of women with endometriosis in order to integrate physical and psychological care and subsequently enhance the treatment outcomes.
Materials and Methods: Medical databases such as Pubmed, Embase, Google Scholar were searched for scientific papers on endometriosis and its relationship with the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Research outlined the influence of endometriosis treatment, social stigmatization and non-medicinal approach.
State of knowledge: The prevalence of depression and anxiety among women with endometriosis is significant. The symptoms of the disease influence daily struggles, relationship with partners and family, education and career responsibilities, subsequently lowering the quality of life. Women with endometriosis experience social stigmatization manifested not only from society members but also from healthcare professionals. The approach to the medical treatment by patients was discovered to be of consequence. Literature review emphasizes the benefits of psychological support and empathetic attitude of medical practitioners.
Conclusions: Multidisciplinary team is essential in order to provide intervention strategies leading to greater therapeutic outcomes in endometriosis treatment. Endometriosis and mental disorders are inextricably connected. More research is needed to accent the importance of mental health in the treatment of physical conditions.
Exploring the effectiveness of advanced practice physiotherapist roles in assessing patients with frailty in the emergency department
Authors: Morris Jasmine 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of time efficiency when frailty patients are assessed by a trainee advanced practice physiotherapist (tAPP) as part of the extended role of the advanced practice physiotherapist (APP) in the emergency department (ED). Design: A comparative experimental study was conducted between a control group, assessed by an ED practitioner followed by a therapist, and an intervention group, evaluated by the tAPP. Methods: The control group (retrospective data collected from April-August 2020) consisted of patients who were first assessed by an ED clinician and then seen by a therapist. The intervention group (retrospective data from April-August 2021) consisted of patients assessed by the tAPP. Main outcome measures: The primary outcomes measured were the time taken for assessments to be completed and the time required to formulate care plans. Results: A total of 25 patients were included in the intervention group. Patients seen by the tAPP had care plans formulated in an average of 123 minutes, compared to 255 minutes for the control group. This resulted in a time saving of 3300 minutes (57.5 hours). Additionally, there was an average delay of 107 minutes between the ED clinician and therapy assessments in the control group, contributing to an extra time saving of 2,675 minutes (44.5 hours). Conclusions: The study identified significant time savings, with a reduction of 57.5 hours of practitioner time and decreased duplication of work. While notable time efficiencies were observed, the definitive impact on patient outcomes and their experiences remains unclear, indicating a need for further research.
Effect of Burkholderia sp. on Root Nodulation in Black Gram Grown in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil Supplemented with Lignite Humic Acid and Seaweed Biochar
Authors: R. Shanmugasundaram  , S. T. Somasundaram  
Published: January 2025

A non-rhizobial, root-nodulating endophytic bacterium, Burkholderia multivorans strain Strulens, was isolated from black gram root nodules. Under cadmium (Cd) stress, this bacterium synthesized indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), produced exopolysaccharides, and solubilized phosphate. When black gram plants were treated with biochar (2% w/w), humic acid (2% w/w), and Burkholderia sp., they exhibited increased nodule formation and higher leghemoglobin content, even at varying Cd concentrations. Combining humic acid and biochar with Burkholderia sp. also reduced Cd translocation from the roots to the shoots, resulting in a translocation factor of 0.17. These findings suggest that incorporating biochar and humic acid into Cd-affected soils, along with Burkholderia sp. inoculation, can improve legume growth and reduce Cd uptake in contaminated soils.
Switchable multiwavelength fiber laser based on parallel Sagnac loop interferometer
Authors: Xu Xiaotong , Zhou Xuefang , Lai Mingquan , Hu Miao 
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a proposed filtering device using a dual Sagnac loop in parallel can switch channel spacing by adjusting the polarization controller angle, achieving outputs with 0.88 and 0.42 nm spacing. Theoretical simulations and experiments prove that it can be applied in the design of fiber lasers, and the impact of various parameters on the wavelength interval was analyzed. Adjusting the polarization-maintaining fiber parameters such as length and refractive index in the filter allows for new channel interval combinations. A multiwavelength fiber laser was constructed using this filter, achieving channel intervals of 0.88 and 0.42 nm in tests. The stable output laser signal is suitable for high-speed optical communication systems.
Silicon modulator exceeding 110  GHz using tunable time-frequency equalization
Authors: Yue Hengsong , Fu Jianbin , Zhang Hengwei , Xiong Bo , Pan Shilong , Chu Tao 
Published: January 2025

Silicon modulators have garnered considerable attention owing to their potential applications in high-density integration and high-speed modulation. However, they are increasingly challenged by the limited 3 dB bandwidth as the demand for modulation speed in optical communications continues to rise, impeding their ability to compete with modulators made of thin-film lithium niobate. This bandwidth limitation arises because of the parasitic resistance and capacitance in the PN junction of the silicon modulators. This study demonstrates a silicon modulator exceeding 110 GHz without any resonant structure using a tunable time-frequency equalization technique. The modulator operates with a half-wave voltage of 54 V, effectively balancing the trade-off between bandwidth and half-wave voltage. This substantial breakthrough enables on–off keying modulation at a rate of 140 Gbaud without digital signal processing. These accomplishments represent, to our knowledge, the highest bandwidth and maximum baud rate achieved without digital signal processing in an all-silicon modulator, reaching the testing limitations of the experimental system. This opens the possibility of attaining modulation rates of up to 200 or even 300 Gbaud by adopting design strategies such as slow light and technologies such as digital signal processing. This advancement extends the speed capabilities of silicon modulators to the level of thin-film lithium niobate modulators, thereby promoting their application in the broader array of fields, such as linear-drive pluggable transceivers.