bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treponema socranskii, Treponema denticola, and Porphyromonas gingivalis Are Associated With Severity of Periodontal Tissue Destruction
Authors: Takeuchi Yasuo , Umeda Makoto , Sakamoto Mitsuo , Benno Yoshimi , Huang Yi , Ishikawa Isao 
Published: February 2005

Background: The aim of the present study was to identify Treponema socranskii in addition to Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to clarify the relationship between the presence of these microorganisms and the severity of clinical periodontal parameters.Methods: Saliva and subgingival plaque collected from 123 subjects (38 aggressive periodontitis patients, 65 chronic periodontitis patients, 20 healthy patients) were subjected to PCR to detect the aforementioned 3 microorganisms.Results: Detection frequencies of T. socranskii, T. denticola, and P. gingivalis in plaque samples from aggressive periodontitis patients (71.1%, 73.7%, 84.2%, respectively) and chronic periodontitis patients (89.2%, 93.8%, 95.3%) were much higher than those from healthy subjects (30%, 5.0%, 10.0%). In aggressive and chronic periodontitis patients, these 3 species of bacteria were detected frequently at sites that showed deep periodontal pockets and severe attachment loss. The percentage of these bacteria‐positive sites increased as the gingival index score of chronic periodontitis patients increased. T. socranskii was frequently detected together with T. denticola or P. gingivalis at the same sites, and coexistence of these microorganisms was frequently observed in deep periodontal pockets of aggressive periodontitis patients.Conclusions: T. socranskii, T. denticola, and P. gingivalis were frequently detected in periodontitis patients by PCR. The prevalence of these 3 microorganisms was correlated with various clinical parameters. Taken together, our findings suggest that T. socranskii, T. denticola, and P. gingivalis are associated with the severity of periodontal tissue destruction. J Periodontol 2001;72:1354‐1363.
A Multi‐Center Study Comparing Dual Acid‐Etched and Machined‐Surfaced Implants in Various Bone Qualities
Authors: Khang Wahn , Feldman S. , Hawley C.E. , Gunsolley J. 
Published: February 2005

Background: A major reason for the success of modern dental implant systems has been the development of implant designs. that enhance direct bone‐implant interface. Surface roughness has been a factor in this success and different systems have utilized very different implant surface roughness. The major purpose of this study was to evaluate 2 similar implants with different surface roughness characteristics.Methods: Two similarly designed, screw‐type, commercially pure titanium implants, one dual acid‐etched (DAE) and the other machined‐surfaced (MS), were compared in this prospective, randomized‐controlled, multi‐center study, in which a total of 97 patients were enrolled at a private dental practice or a university dental clinic. Both implant types were placed in each patient using a 2‐stage approach with a conventional 4‐ to 6‐month healing period. Implants supported fixed prostheses, hybrid prostheses, and overdentures as dictated by the individual patient's need. All of the cases were followed using clinical and radiographic examinations. Criteria of success were the absence of peri‐implant radiolucency, mobility, and persistent signs or symptoms of pain or infection.Results: Of the 432 implants (247 dual acid‐etched, 185 machined‐surfaced), 36 implants (12 dual acid‐etched and 24 machined‐surfaced) have failed. The pre‐loading integration success rate of the dual acid‐etched implants (95.0%) was statistically higher (P ∼0.01) than the success rate of the machined‐surfaced implants (86.7%). At 36 months, the cumulative SUC; cess rates (CSR) are 95.0% for the dual acid‐etched implants and 86.7% for the machined‐surfaced implants.Conclusions: The difference in success rates is most likely attributed to the acid‐etched surface characteristics. The greatest performance difference is observed in the conditions of poor quality or soft bone where the 3‐year post‐loading CSR are 96.8% (dual acid‐etched) and 84.8% (machined‐surfaced). J Periodontol 2001;72:1384‐1390.
Histological and Clinical Evaluation of 3 Different Grafting Materials for Sinus Lifting Procedure Based on 8 Cases
Authors: Karabuda Cuneyt , Ozdemir Oguzhan , Tosun Tosun , Anil Ata , Olgaç Vakur 
Published: February 2005

Background: The reconstruction of edentulous patients with adequate bone volume and density by using dental implants has become a viable treatment option with high predictability. However, initial stabilization is difficult to achieve in the posterior maxillary regions where cortical bone is thin or absent due to severly resorbed alveolar ridges. Maxillary sinus lift procedures applied with various grafting materials enable clinicians to place implant‐supported prostheses even in cases with increased pneumatization of the maxillary sinus.Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically and clinically different grafting materials used in maxillary sinus floor augmentation. Deproteinized bovine bone granules (DBBG), demineralized freeze‐dried bone powder (DFBP), and porous hydroxyapatite (PHA) were used as grafting materials. A total of 19 implants in 8 patients were placed into grafted sites. In 3 patients, a 2‐stage approach was used wherein implants were inserted after a 6‐month healing period following a sinus lift procedure. Specimens were taken with a trephine drill, and the site of the specimen was enlarged to accept an implant. For the remaining cases, a 1‐stage approach, which included sinus lifting and implant placement, was used and bone biopsies were taken during the uncovering stage. After 6 months of healing, fixed prosthetic restorations were fabricated.Results: The healing period progressed without any complications, and all implants were loaded. The mean functioning time was 12 months, varying from 9 to 24 months.Conclusion: The results indicate that DFBP resorbs earlier than PHA and DBBG in sinus lift procedures. J Periodontol 2001;72:1436‐1442.
A Clinical Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite Cement in the Treatment of Class III Furcation Defects
Authors: Rupprecht Robert D. , Horning Gregory M. , Towle Herbert J. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Calcium hydroxyapatite cement (HAC) has been demonstrated in both animal models and human craniofacial defects to be safe, absorbable, osteoconductive, and possibly osteoinductive. This pilot study evaluated a novel technique using HAC to surgically obturate Class III mandibular molar furcation defects.Methods: Following flap reflection, affected teeth in 6 patients were root planed and etched with citric acid. Experimental sites were grafted with HAC and coronally positioned flaps (CPF), while controls were treated by CPF only. A variety of clinical parameters were recorded initially, and at re‐entry surgery 9 months later.Results: At re‐entry, all experimental sites exhibited granulation tissue interposed between the HAC and the alveolar bone, and clinical findings were unsatisfactory. Mean probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and recession increased by 0.8 mm, 1.9 mm, and 1.2 mm, respectively, in experimental sites. In controls, mean probing depth decreased by 0.8 mm, and clinical attachment loss and recession increased by 0.3 mm and 1.2 mm, respectively. There was a mean 1.6 mm loss in osseous crest height and a mean 2.2 mm worsening in osseous defect depth for experimental sites, but only a 0.5 mm loss in osseous crest and 0.5 mm increase in osseous defect depth in control sites.Conclusions: Experimental sites lost 1.0 to 1.5 mm in bone and attachment compared to controls, without any significant clinical benefit. While the concept of surgically obturating Class III furcation defects with a safe, osteoconductive material remains attractive, HAC did not promote repair or regeneration in this technique. J Periodontol 2001;72:1443‐1450.
Comparison of 2 Techniques of Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft in the Treatment of Gingival Recessions
Authors: Cordioli Giampiero , Mortarino Cinzia , Chierico Andrea , Grusovin Maria Gabriella , Majzoub Zeina 
Published: February 2005

Background: The clinical outcome of connective tissue grafts in the treatment of gingival recessions has been documented in numerous studies. However, no attempt has been made to correlate the postoperative mucogingival changes with the surgical parameters. The present retrospective clinical study was undertaken to 1) evaluate root coverage and mucogingival changes 1 to 1.5 years following treatment of Miller's Class I and II recession defects using 2 variants of the subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) procedure, and 2) assess the effect of the surgical parameters on the postoperative gingival width.Methods: Thirty‐one recessions in 10 patients treated with the envelope technique (E) and 31 recessions in 11 patients treated with coronally positioned flap combined with connective tissue graft (CP) were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate: 1) percentage of root coverage obtained with the 2 procedures and variations in width of keratinized tissue (KT) 1 to 1.5 years postsurgery, and 2) the effect of the surgical parameters on the postoperative gingival width.Results: Results showed a mean root coverage percentage of 89.6 ± 15% for the E group and 94.7 ± 11.4% for the CP group; the difference between groups was statistically insignificant (P = 0.1388). Mean KT increased signifi‐cantly from 1.4 ± 1.1 mm presurgery to 4.5 ± 1.1 mm postsurgery for the E group while a minor increase in KT was observed in the CP group (2 ± 1.5 mm presurgery versus 2.7 ± 1.6 mm postsurgery). For both treatment groups, the mean postsurgical width of keratinized tissue (POSTKT) was found to be mathematically correlated with the mean presurgical width of keratinized tissue (PREKT) and the corono‐apical height of the graft that remained exposed (GE) coronal to the flap margin in the recipient site.Conclusions: Treatment of human gingival recession defects by the 2 variants of SCTG resulted in significant recession reduction. When SCTG is grafted beneath alveolar mucosa using the combined technique (CP), transformation of the mucosa into keratinized tissue does not seem to occur, at least within 1 to 1.5 years postsurgery. The treatment outcome in terms of keratinized tissue width seems to be correlated with the presurgical gingival dimensions and the height of the graft that remains exposed at the end of the surgical procedure. J Periodontol 2001;72:1470‐1476.
The Association Between Porphyromonas gingivalis‐Specific Maternal Serum IgG and Low Birth Weight
Authors: Dasanayake Ananda P. , Boyd Doryck , Madianos Phoebus N. , Offenbacher Steven , Hills Ed 
Published: February 2005

Background: In Alabama, low birth weight (LBW) infants are about 20 times more likely to die before their first birthday compared to normal birth weight infants. While the rate of LBW has been consistently higher among African Americans compared to whites, there has been a gradual increase in LBW for both African Americans and whites over the last 15 years. In an attempt to identify modifiable risk factors for LBW, we have previously reported that a pregnant woman's poor periodontal health may be an independent risk factor for low birth weight.Methods: A predominantly African American and socioeconomically homogeneous group of 448 women was followed from the second trimester of their first pregnancy. Thirty‐nine LBW cases were observed at the end of follow‐up. Using 17 preterm LBW cases and 63 randomly selected controls from the above cohort, the periodontal pathogen‐specific maternal serum IgG levels during the second trimester of pregnancy were evaluated in relation to birth weight of the infant, while controlling for known risk factors for LBW.Results: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.)‐specific maternal serum IgG levels were higher in the LBW group (mean 58.05, SE = 20.00 μg/ml) compared to the normal birth weight (NBW) group (mean 13.45, SE = 3.92 μg/ml; P = 0.004). Women with higher levels of P.g.‐specific IgG had higher odds of giving birth to LBW infants (odds ratio [OR] = 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] for odds ratio = 1.3 to 12.8). This association remained significant after controlling for smoking, age, IgG levels against other selected periodontal pathogens, and race.Conclusions: Low birth weight deliveries were associated with a higher maternal serum antibody level against P. gingivalis at mid‐trimester. J Periodontol 2001;72:1491‐1497.
Attachment of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells to Enamel Matrix‐Derived Protein Is Mediated Via Interaction Between BSP‐Like Molecules and Integrin αvβ3
Authors: Suzuki Naoto , Ohyama Mariko , Maeno Masao , Ito Koichi , Otsuka Kichibee 
Published: February 2005

Background: Although enamel matrix‐derived protein (EMD) can stimulate attachment of human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells to the root surface, the biological mechanism of this phenomenon is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine which molecules in EMD are involved in the attachment of HPDL cells, and which types of integrins on the cell surface mediate the interaction between the cells and EMD.Methods: HPDL explants were obtained from tooth surfaces extracted from 4 individuals, and cells taken from the individual explants were separately harvested and subcultured through as many as 5 passages. Cells were incubated on EMD‐coated culture plates with and without neutral antibodies for integrins or RGD‐sequence blocking peptides and stained with toluidine blue. Proteins in EMD that were able to induce cell attachment were identified by incubating sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) replicas with HPDL cells; the cell‐binding regions were detected by staining the cells with toluidine blue. Characteristics of the cell‐binding proteins in the EMD were identified by Western blot analysis.Results: It was shown that anti‐αvβ3 antibody and GRGDSP peptide markedly reduced attachment of HPDL cells to EMD. When the cells were incubated with SDS‐PAGE replicas, distinct cell attachment was observed at a molecular mass of approximately 55 kDa. The cell‐binding ability of this protein was completely blocked by treatment with anti‐αvβ3 antibody or GRGDSP peptide. In the Western blot analysis, the 55 kDa protein was recognized by anti‐bone sialoprotein (BSP) antibody as a single band.Conclusions: Our study provides the first evidence that the attachment of HPDL cells to EMD can be mediated by interaction between a BSP‐like molecule and integrin αvβ3 on the cell surface. J Periodontol 2001;72:1520‐1526.
Aggressive Periodontitis Associated With Fanconi's Anemia. A Case Report
Authors: Nowzari Hessam , Jorgensen Michael G. , Ta Thai T. , Contreras Adolfo , Slots J⊘rgen 
Published: February 2005

Background: Fanconi's anemia is an autosomal recessive disease associated with chromosomal breakage as well as pancytopenia, skin pigmentation, renal hypoplasia, cardiac defects, microcephaly, congenital malformations of the skeleton, hypogonadism, and increased risk of leukemia. The present report describes the periodontal clinical and microbiological status of an 11‐year old male having Fanconi's anemia.Methods: Polymerase chain reaction analysis to detect human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein‐Barr type 1 virus, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) was performed on paper‐point samples pooled from either 3 periodontal sites with advanced attachment loss or 3 gingivitis sites with no clinical attachment loss. Anaerobic bacterial culture examination was performed on the pooled periodontitis sample.Results: The patient suffered from pancytopenia, allergy, asthma, hearing impairment, and mental retardation. Dentition consisted of 7 primary teeth, 11 erupted permanent teeth, and 14 unerrupted permanent teeth. Most erupted teeth showed severe gingival inflammation with some gingival overgrowth and various degrees of periodontal attachment loss. Genomes of HCMV and HSV were detected in the pooled periodontitis sample and HCMV in the pooled gingivitis sample. The periodontitis sample but not the gingivitis sample revealed HCMV mRNA of major capsid protein, suggestive of active viral infection. The periodontitis sample also yielded Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (1.1% of total isolates), Fusobacterium species (7.9%), Campylobacter species (2.2%), Peptostreptococcus micros (3.4%), and Candida albicans (0.3%).Conclusions: Oral features of Fanconi's anemia may include increased susceptibility to periodontitis. It is likely that underlying host defense impairment coupled with periodontal infection by HCMV and A. actinomycetemcomitans contribute to the severe type of periodontitis associated with Fanconi's anemia. J Periodontol 2001;72:1601‐1606.
Histology of Connective Tissue Graft. A Case Report
Authors: Majzoub Zeina , Landi Luca , Grusovin Maria Gabriella , Cordioli Giampiero 
Published: February 2005

Background: Few investigations can be found the literature on the histological nature of the attachment of connective tissue grafts to root surfaces previously exposed by recession.Methods: In this case report, a 24‐year‐old patient was treated with a connective tissue graft combined with a partial‐thickness coronally positioned flap for root coverage of Class I Miller recessions at the maxillary right and left canines and first premolars. The treated sites exhibited 83% and 100% root coverage on the right and left sides, respectively. Twelve months later, the case required extraction of all 4 first premolars for orthodontic reasons. Two conservative block sections including the maxillary first premolars with the buccal soft tissues were obtained and processed histologically in a bucco‐palatal plane.Results: Histological analysis showed that healing occurred via a long juctional epithelium throughout the major portion of the previous recession site. Only minimal signs of new cementum‐like tissue formation could be seen in the apical portion of the recession area coronal to the base of the instrumented root surface. No root resorption or ankylosis could be detected in any of the serial sections.Conclusions: The findings of this case report outline the possible variations in the histological outcome of connective tissue grafts. These variations can be attributed to differences in size and shape of the recession defects and flap positioning at the end of surgery. J Periodontol 2001;72:1607‐1615.
Observations on a New Collagen Barrier Membrane in 16 Consecutively Treated Patients. Clinical and Histological Findings
Authors: Friedmann Anton , Strietzel Frank Peter , Maretzki Burghard , Pitaru Sandu , Bernimoulin Jean‐Pierre 
Published: February 2005

Background: Space‐maintaining capacity, cell disclusive potential, and stability over time are crucial factors to achieving sufficient bone augmentation with membrane barriers. The case series presented here assessed a new collagen barrier used in bone augmentation. Clinically, the healing pattern, especially in cases of secondary healing, was studied.Methods: Soft tissue healing was documented by photographs, and the size of the dehiscences calculated by image analysis. The measurements were performed on digitized photographs. During reentry, barrier remnants were dissected and histologically evaluated.Results: The mean value for dehiscences was 35.5 mm2; all dehiscences healed within 4 weeks after the exposure became evident. The difference was statistically significant between the week 2 and week 6 visits (P = 0.008) for each previously exposed site. The histologic observation of barrier remnants revealed direct apposition of fibrous and bone tissues on the membrane surface.Conclusion: In cases of membrane exposure, gingival dehiscences always disappeared in the following weeks without affecting the healing process. Histologic results showed barrier stability over a 6‐month period, promoting bone regeneration. J Periodontol 2001;72:1616‐1623.
In Vitro Effect of Transforming Growth Factor‐β on Adhesion Molecule Expression by Human Gingival Fibroblasts Cultured in the Presence of a Titanium Abutment
Authors: Schierano Gianmario , Bellone Graziella , Manzella Carlo , Preti Giulio , Emanuelli Giorgio 
Published: February 2005

Background: There is little information in the literature on the structural basis mediating gingival cell adhesion to the surface of titanium abutments. We cultured gingival fibroblasts on a titanium abutment creating as closely as possible the in vivo state. We analyzed the constitutive and transforming growth factor (TGF) β‐induced expression of the adhesion molecules CD44, CD49b, CD49c, CD51, CD54, and CD61 and extracellular matrix (ECM) components fibronectin, laminin and collagen IV.Methods: Three totally edentulous patients underwent implant treatment to anchor the mandibular denture on 2 implants. Gingival mucosa cell specimens were collected from the mandible during the first surgical stage and the gingival fibroblast cultures were prepared. Cells were cultured for 48 hours with or without isoforms TGF‐β1, TGF‐β2, and TGF‐β3. The expression of adhesion molecules and ECM components was analyzed by immuno‐fluorescence staining and flow cytometry.Results: The addition of TGF‐β isoforms to the cell culture over the incubation period had little effect on cell growth rate, but significantly influenced cell orientation, which changed from a sun‐burst pattern in control conditions to a more elongated organization and perpendicular to abutment surface. In all fibroblast preparations, a marked expression of CD44 and a moderate positivity for anti‐CD49b and CD49c were found. By contrast, CD51, CD54, and CD61 expressions were negligable. When fibroblasts were cultured for 48 hours in the presence of TGF‐β, the expression of most of the receptor molecules increased. The cells expressed constitutively moderate levels of laminin and fibronectin and low amounts of collagen IV. By contrast, treatment with any one of the 3 TGF‐β isoforms greatly enhanced the expression levels of fibronectin, laminin, and, especially, collagen IV.Conclusions: TGF‐β not only seems to affect the orientation of the cultured gingival fibroblasts, but also to induce a clearcut modification of their adhesion molecule expression. J Periodontol 2001;72:1658‐1665.