bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Circulating Phenylacetylglutamine With Multi‐Vessel Coronary Disease Severity and Outcomes in ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhao Peng , Dong Nana , Wang Yan , Zhao Suhong , Tian Yanan , Qin Zhifeng , Ban Xiaofang , Han Feiyuan , Meng Li , Yang Fan , Wang Yidan , Wu Yunfei , Yu Zhongzhi , Xu Qinglu , Li Xinyue , Li Shuo , Liu Huibin , Fang Shaohong , Xie Wanqing , Yu Bo , Liu Xinxin , Tian Jinwei 
Published: January 2025

Background
There is a lack of evidence regarding the association between plasma phenylacetylglutamine levels and lesion severity and clinical prognosis in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with multivessel coronary disease (MVCD). This study aims to investigate the potential of phenylacetylglutamine as a biomarker for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) of patients with STEMI and MVCD.

Methods and Results
Clinical data and blood samples were collected from 631 patients with STEMI and MVCD, who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Quantitative coronary angiography analysis was performed using the QAngio XA 7.3 system. Plasma phenylacetylglutamine concentrations were measured by rapid resolution liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Among a total of 631 patients, median plasma phenylacetylglutamine level was 3.8 (2.1–6.8) μmol/L and the cumulative MACE rate at follow‐up was 12%. Plasma phenylacetylglutamine levels of patients with MACE were significantly higher than patients without MACE. We employed restricted cubic spline, Kaplan–Meier curves, and Cox proportional hazard models to explore the association between plasma phenylacetylglutamine and prognosis of patients with STEMI and MVCD. Per SD, an increment in phenylacetylglutamine was associated with a 24% higher risk of complexity lesion. Higher phenylacetylglutamine level was an independent predictor of MACEs (hazard ratio [HR], 2.76 [95% CI, 1.62–4.72]). A novel prognostic scoring system was established by combining phenylacetylglutamine levels with the synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with Taxus and cardiac surgery score, with higher scores significantly increasing the risk of MACEs (HR, 4.01 [95% CI, 2.04–7.89]).

Conclusions
Phenylacetylglutamine levels were associated with lesion complexity and prognosis, may serve as a novel biomarker in patients with STEMI and MVCD.
Examining the Utility of Lateral Neck X-Rays in Pediatric Otolaryngology
Authors: Marker Madeline , Meyer Cassandra , Chinnadurai Sivakumar , Redmann Andrew , Roby Brianne Barnett 
Published: January 2025

Objective: The utility of lateral neck X-rays is unclear in pediatric otolaryngology. Past research showed that lateral neck X-ray did not change treatment decisions for children with suspected foreign body aspiration. This study examines the utility of lateral neck X-ray for patients also receiving otolaryngology consults for any indication. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients between 2012 and 2022 who received a lateral neck X-ray for any indication and an otolaryngology consultation at a tertiary pediatric hospital. X-ray indication, diagnosis, and influence on interventional decisions were recorded from chart review. Results: Of patients who received lateral neck X-rays, 494 patients (8.17%) also had an otolaryngology consult. Average patient age was 3.15 years. The most common indications for X-ray were foreign body aspiration (22%), croup (21%), breathing difficulties (20%), abscess or retropharyngeal infection (7%), and upper airway obstruction (5%). Lateral neck X-ray changed the Otolaryngologist’s decision in 15% of patients. Intervention occurred in 25% of Otolaryngology consults, and this decision was never based on the X-ray. Conclusion: Lateral neck X-ray is unlikely to change Otolaryngology management. It is least indicated in patients presenting with concern of abscess and foreign body aspiration. Consultation with Otolaryngology before ordering diagnostic testing for those presenting with breathing difficulties, croup and upper airway obstruction may have cost savings and prevent unnecessary radiation exposure.
Victimisation in other- and self-directed violence as a function of ethnicity and primary diagnosis among inpatients with serious mental illness
Authors: Bruce Matt , Bennett Erica , Bernard Zara 
Published: January 2025

Background: Among individuals with serious mental illness (SMI), victimisation has been found to increase the risk of engaging in other- and self-directed violence. However, rates of victimisation within this population have been found to vary by ethnic group and primary diagnosis. Aims: This study primarily aimed to examine the relationship between victimisation and other- and self-directed violence among a sample of inpatients with SMI during the first 3 months of admission. The role of ethnicity and primary diagnosis were also explored. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilised data from South London and Maudsley’s (SLaM) anonymised database. Participants ( n = 7,265) were aged over 18 upon admission, of White British, Black African, Black Caribbean or Asian ethnicity and had a primary diagnosis of major mood disorder, mania or psychosis. Results: Among a sample of inpatients with SMI, victimisation increased the risk of other-directed violence but not self-directed violence. While Black African ethnicity was associated with an increased risk of other-directed violence, all minority ethnic groups had a decreased risk of self-directed violence compared to White British ethnicity. Those with a primary diagnosis of mania or psychosis were observed to be at increased risk of other-directed violence and decreased risk of self-directed violence compared to those with a major mood disorder. Conclusions: Inpatients with SMI who have experienced victimisation are at an increased risk of engaging in other-directed violence during the first 3 months of admission.
Partial Avulsion Patterns in the Pediatric Humeral Medial Epicondyle
Authors: Lee Richard C. , Syed Akbar N. , Bowen Margaret A. , Lawrence J. Todd R. 
Published: January 2025

Background: The anterior oblique bundle of the medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) inserts on the anteroinferior aspect of the humeral medial epicondyle, while the flexor pronator mass (FPM) originates superficial and proximal to the UCL. With valgus stress, these distinct footprints may produce injury patterns that affect only focal areas of the medial epicondyle. Hypothesis: The proximal UCL can act on the medial epicondyle either in isolation or in conjunction with the FPM to form partial avulsion fracture patterns within the pediatric medial epicondyle, and the predominant pattern involves only the proximal UCL footprint. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of medial epicondyle injuries from a single tertiary care institution documented from 2012 to 2022. Inclusion criteria consisted of (1) patients <18 years of age with a diagnosis of medial epicondyle fracture, (2) availability of radiographs within 3 weeks of injury date, and (3) no history of acute medial epicondyle fracture. Data collection included demographics, imaging, mechanisms of injury, associated injuries, and procedural details if operative notes were available. Results: Of the 1951 patients screened, 709 were diagnosed with any form of medial epicondyle fracture. Of these patients, 15.9% (n = 113; mean ± SD age, 11.15 ± 2.56 years; 70% male; 40% throwing mechanism) had radiographic evidence of fragmentation of the inferior aspect of the medial epicondyle, suggesting a partial avulsion fracture/injury. Seventy-eight patients (69%) were noted to have a small, well-corticated fragment off the inferior pole of the medial epicondyle on radiographs, defined as a “proximal UCL avulsion fracture.” Magnetic resonance imaging in 24 patients in this group confirmed attachment of the UCL to the avulsed fragment. This configuration was also confirmed by 2 operative reports. Thirty-five patients had a well-defined cortical shell or an indistinct radio-opaque body off the inferomedial aspect of the medial epicondyle on radiographs, defined as a “cortical sleeve avulsion.” Magnetic resonance imaging in 8 patients in this group demonstrated the UCL in addition to the FPM origin still attached to the avulsed cortical sleeve. This was confirmed by 2 operative reports. Conclusion: The 2 injury patterns seen in this study—proximal UCL avulsion fracture and cortical sleeve avulsion—represented 15.9% of the patients with a medial epicondyle fracture. The proximal UCL avulsion fracture pattern was the more common of the 2 injury patterns. Accurate identification of these injury patterns and their underlying pathology is likely to be important in ultimately understanding the natural history of these injuries and the outcomes of different treatment strategies.
Mechanism of Curcuma phaeocaulis Extracts on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Gallbladder Cancer Cells via mTOR/p70S6K Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yang Jiayuan , Tian Jiawei , Zheng Erhao , Li Qi , Chen Chen , Geng Zhimin , Bai Jigang 
Published: January 2025

Background Curcuma phaeocaulis (CP) is utilized as a Chinese herbal medicine to treat abdominal distension and other related ailments. Curcuma phaeocaulis extracts (CPE) are rich in active components and exhibit anti-tumor properties. Purpose Purpose: This work was to assess the impact of CPE on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of gallbladder cancer cells (GCC), aiming to investigate its potential underlying mechanisms of action. Methods CP was utilized as the raw material to prepare CPE volatile oil via drying and heating processes. Total phenolic content analysis was conducted, assessing its scavenging capacity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and •OH free radicals, as well as its inhibitory effects on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Human GCC line GBC-SD was selected, cultured conventionally as a control, and treated with CP volatile oil at concentrations of 25 µg/mL (Low-CPE group), 50 µg/mL (Middle-CPE group), and 100 µg/mL (High-CPE group). Cell proliferation activity was evaluated using MTT assay, apoptosis rate was assessed via flow cytometry, migration, and invasion were measured using the Transwell chamber assay, and Western blot was performed to assess proteins in the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Results The total phenolic content in the volatile oil prepared from warm CPE was approximately 30.9 mg/g, consisting of over 20 active constituents. The warm CP volatile oil exhibited scavenging rates of 85.3% for DPPH• radicals and 91.5% for •OH radicals, with minimum inhibitory concentrations against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa at 4.0 mg/mL, 8.0 mg/mL, and 1.0 mg/mL, respectively. Relative to the Ctrl group, Low-CPE, Middle-CPE, and High-CPE groups demonstrated decreased cell proliferation activity, increased apoptosis rates, reduced cell migration and invasion, decreased phosphorylation levels of mTOR and p70S6K proteins ( p < 0.05), exhibiting concentration-dependent characteristics. Conclusion The volatile oil derived from warm CPE exhibited robust anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial activities. The warm CP volatile oil effectively inhibited GCC proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing the activation of the mTOR/p70S6K signaling, while promoting apoptosis.
Short- and Intermediate-Term Morbidity Following Total Pelvic Exenteration in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Guske Christopher , Immen Nusheen , Conant Devon , Laborde Jose , Linscott Joshua , Hayes Mitchell , Jazayeri Seyed Behzad , Fazili Adnan , Siegel Erin , Dessureault Sophie , Sanchez Julian , Stefanou Amalia , Manley Brandon , Felder Seth 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Total pelvic exenteration (TPE) for clinical T4b colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with significant morbidity. Short (0-30 days)- and intermediate (31-90 days)-term temporal analysis of complication onset is not well described, yet needed, to better counsel patients considering TPE. Methods A retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with primary or recurrent clinical T4b pelvic CRC undergoing open TPE between 2014 and 2023 was conducted. Clinicopathologic variables were collected for each patient. Postoperative morbidity was classified according to the Clavien-Dindo (CD) grade system and stratified by time of onset within 90 days of surgery. Pearson’s Chi-square test, Fisher’s Exact test, and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare primary vs recurrent patient groups, and logistic regression assessed predictors of postoperative morbidity. Statistical analysis was performed using R with two-sided significance set at <0.05. Results Twenty-seven patients were identified of which 24 (88.9%) were male with a median age of 60.4 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 56.3-70.5). Seventeen (63.0%) patients had primary disease and 10 (37.0%) had recurrent CRC. Twenty-three (85.2%) patients experienced at least one complication within 90 days of surgery, but no mortality was observed. Ten (37.0%) patients experienced a CD ≥ 3 event, of which 40% took place beyond 30 days. The most common complication overall was anemia requiring transfusion, while the most common major complication was pelvic abscess. No clinicopathologic variables analyzed were predictive of major postoperative complication within 90 days of TPE. Conclusion TPE for clinical T4b CRC carries a high risk of postoperative morbidity in both the short- and intermediate-term after surgery, with a significant proportion of complications occurring after 30 days. Given the magnitude of operation, an extended recovery with high risk for complications is common. Although a single-center series, this annotated postoperative complication profile may assist patients and clinicians when reviewing informed consent for TPE.
Amino acids characterization based on frequency and interaction analysis in human antigen-antibody complexes from Thera-SAbDab
Authors: Pais Roylan , Nagraj Anil Kumar , Gavade Akshata , Patel Riya , Momin Mohasin , Scheele Juergen , Seiz Werner , Patil Jaspal 
Published: January 2025

Background Antibodies are composed of light and heavy chains, both of which have constant and variable regions. The diversity, specific binding ability and therapeutic potential of antibodies are determined by hypervariable loops called complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), with the other regions being the framework regions. Objective To investigate the key amino acid patterns in various antibody regions in the human therapeutic antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) complexes collected from the Thera-SAbDab database. Method The study focuses on identifying the amino acid frequency, diversity index in CDRs, paratope-epitope amino acid interactions, amino acid bond formation frequency, and bond types among selected therapeutic Ag-Ab complexes. Results The results revealed that Ser is highly distributed in the overall light chain CDRs while Gly is highly distributed in the heavy chain CDRs. CDR profiling analysis indicated that the average amino acid diversity in heavy chain CDRs is 60% to 70%, while in the light chain, it is 50% to 60%. Aromatic residues such as Tyr, Trp and Phe are the top contributors to these paratope-epitope interactions in the light and heavy chains. Moreover, we examined the frequency of amino acids in light and heavy chains of Ag-Ab complexes. Importantly, the outcome of this study leverages the in depth analysis on single residues, dipeptides, and tripeptides for the therapeutic Ag-Ab complexes. Conclusion We conclude that the amino acid frequency and interaction analysis centered on therapeutic Ag-Ab complexes will benefit antibody engineering parameters such as antibody design, optimization, affinity maturation, and overall antibody development.
Feminization and burnout among female social workers
Authors: Romero-Martín Sandra , Elboj-Saso Carmen , Íñiguez-Berrozpe Tatiana 
Published: January 2025

Summary Feminization has been and continues to be a characteristic of social work: it has played a role in the profession's lower status. Despite the similarities between feminism and social work, the profession tends to perpetuate systemic structures of gender inequality. These structural features can increase overload and burnout among female social workers. Our study applies the gender perspective to an analysis of the social work profession. It seeks to ascertain the level of burnout of female social workers in Aragon (Spain), the possible determinants that generate it and some preventive strategies identified in the discourse of professionals. We applied a sequential mixed method, combining a quantitative analysis of burnout via the distribution of questionnaires to a sample of 305 active social workers in Aragon (Spain), with the qualitative analysis of the discourse of 42 professionals in interviews and discussion groups. For the analysis, we followed the theoretical approach of communicative methodology. Findings This study concludes that there is a greater degree of burnout and workload among female professionals, a general underrepresentation of women in managerial positions, and a perception that their interventions are undervalued. Applications This work seeks to show some of the structural gender differences that still exist in the profession. In addition, from the understanding of the levels of burnout of female social workers as well as the structural and labour elements that can condition its appearance, this article aims to contribute to the approach to professional care in organizations from a gender perspective.
Prevalence and characteristics of adults with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm): Data from the BOLD Australia study
Authors: Zhou Yijun , Ampon Maria R , Abramson Michael J , James Alan L , Maguire Graeme P , Wood-Baker Richard , Johns David P , Marks Guy B , Reddel Helen K , Toelle Brett G 
Published: January 2025

Background: Individuals with Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm), defined as FEV1/FVC ≥0.7 and FEV1 <80% predicted, are at higher risk of developing COPD. However, data for Australian adults are limited. We aimed to describe prevalence of PRISm and its relationship with clinical characteristics in Australia. Method: Data from the Burden of Lung Disease (BOLD) Australia study of randomly selected adults aged ≥40 years from six sites was classified into airflow limitation, PRISm, or normal spirometry groups. Demographic, clinical characteristics, and lung function were compared between groups. Results: Of the study sample ( n = 3518), 387 (11%) had PRISm, 549 (15.6%) had airflow limitation, and 2582 (73.4%) had normal spirometry. PRISm was more common in Indigenous Australian adults. Adults with PRISm had more frequent respiratory symptoms, more comorbidities, greater health burden and poorer quality of life than those with normal spirometry. Pre- and post-bronchodilator FEV1 and FVC were lower in adults with PRISm than those with airflow limitation. Adults with PRISm were less likely to use respiratory medicine than those with airflow limitation (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.38–0.81). Conclusions: PRISm was present in 11% of adults in this study and they had similar respiratory symptoms and health burden as adults with airflow limitation.
The Anti-Alcoholism Effects of Tengcha–Gegen Plant Solid Beverage on Acute Alcohol Intoxication in Mice
Authors: Peng Jiangning , Jin Yuning , Li Shunwang , Li Gang , Zhang Yuhao , Yan Zhe , Tang Lin , Xu Yanni 
Published: January 2025

Aims Acute alcohol intoxication (AAI) caused by the intake of excessive alcohol is a harmful clinical condition and potentially life threatening. Therefore, there has been increasing attention on the development of anti-alcoholism products. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic benefits of an anti-alcoholism product (Tengcha–Gegen Plant Solid Beverage, which contains Ampelopsis grossedentata, Pueraria Lobata, Hovenia dulcis Thunb, and turmeric) in an AAI mouse model. Methods The AAI mouse model was established through alcohol gavage. Male Kunming mice were first given three doses of Tengcha–Gegen Plant Solid Beverage for 30 min and then gavaged with 52% (V/V) liquor (0.15 mL liquor/10 g body weight). The impact of Tengcha–Gegen Plant Solid Beverage on AAI was evaluated by the sober-up time, the plasma alcohol content, and the plasma and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents or activities. Results The Tengcha–Gegen Plant Solid Beverage could shorten the sober-up time and decrease plasma alcohol levels at 0.2 and 0.4 g/kg body weight. The mechanistic studies showed that Tengcha–Gegen Plant Solid Beverage increased the plasma SOD and liver GSH levels but decreased the plasma MDA levels at the indicated doses. Conclusions This study confirmed that Tengcha–Gegen Plant Solid Beverage might have anti-alcoholism therapeutic potential and protect the liver against high oxidative stress induced by acute alcohol exposure in AAI mice.
Investigation of Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Walnut Tree Leaves (Juglans regia) on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Meraati Zahra , Ale-Ebrahim Mahsa , Mortazavi Pejman , Chitgar Ali , Aghebat_Bekheir Saeed 
Published: January 2025

Objective/background The main side effect of gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is kidney toxicity. This side effect leads to electrolyte disorders and retention of nitrogen waste products such as urea and creatinine. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of the walnut tree ( Juglans regia) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods The experiment involved five groups of rats: a control group, a gentamicin-treated group, and three groups treated with different doses of walnut leaf extract (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) via intragastric gavage for 14 consecutive days (once per day). After 14 days, blood samples were collected and analyzed for various biochemical markers. Kidney tissue was also examined histopathologically. Results Findings showed that gentamicin significantly increased levels of uric acid ( P < .001), urea ( P < .001), creatinine ( P < .01), albumin ( P < .001), and lipid profile while decreasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD ( P < .001) and CAT ( P < .001) compared to the control group. It also caused kidney tissue damage. Treatment with walnut leaf extract could significantly reduce urea in all treatment groups. However, the reduction in creatinine levels after treatment with walnut leaf extract wasn’t significant. Further, walnut leaf extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg could significantly reduce albumin and uric acid levels ( P < .001). Walnut leaf extract significantly improved lipid profile. Also, walnut leaf extract significantly increased SOD and CAT activity in all doses. Walnut leaf extract significantly reduced kidney tissue damage, including inflammation, necrosis, and tubular degeneration. Conclusion The results of this study conclude that walnut tree leaf extract positively affects kidney function and histology in gentamicin-treated rats. This extract or similar compounds could be an antioxidant treatment for people with renal impairment or chronic kidney disease.