bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Most Informative Projection for Portography: Quantitative Analysis of 47 Percutaneous Transhepatic Portograms
Authors: Nishio Hideki , Nagino Masato , Kamiya Junichi , Uesaka Katsuhiko , Oda Koji , Sano Tsuyoshi , Kanai Michio , Nimura Yuji 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe goal of this study was to determine which projection for percutaneous transhepatic portography best depicts the anatomy of the proximal portal vein. Portograms (n = 47) obtained in the anteroposterior, right anterior oblique, and right anterior caudal oblique projections were analyzed retrospectively. Lengths of the right portal trunk, the transverse portion of the left portal vein, and the right anterior and posterior portal branches, as well as angles between the right portal trunk and the transverse portion of the left portal vein and between the right anterior and posterior portal branches were measured in the various projections. Differences were evaluated using analysis of variance with Scheffe’s method. The transverse portion of the left portal vein and the right anterior and posterior portal branches appeared longer on the right anterior caudal oblique views than on the anteroposterior (p < 0.0001, < 0.0001, < 0.0001) or right anterior oblique (p < 0.0001, = 0.001, < 0.0001) views. The angle between the right portal trunk and the transverse portion of the left portal vein was wider on the right anterior oblique views than on the anteroposterior (p < 0.0001) or right anterior caudal oblique (p = 0.007) views. The angle between the right anterior and posterior portal branches was wider on the right anterior caudal oblique views than on the anteroposterior (p < 0.0001) or right anterior oblique (p = 0.030) views. The right anterior caudal oblique projection provides the best image of the proximal portal vein, and therefore should be obtained whenever possible in preoperative staging of hepatobiliary cancer.
Paravertebral Block Anesthesia for Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Weltz Christina R. , Klein Stephen M. , Arbo John E. , Greengrass Roy A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractChoice of anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair remains a controversial topic. Local anesthesia has been described in the literature as the optimal technique, however general and spinal anesthesia are commonly used in practice despite well‐known complications and side effects. The regional technique of paravertebral block has been successfully used at our institution for the operative treatment of breast cancer. Its attributes are prolonged sensory block with minimization of postoperative pain, reduction of nausea and vomiting, shortened hospital stay, patient satisfaction, and rapid return to normal activities. These features are desirable in the practice of ambulatory hernia surgery; hence we initiated the use of thoracic/lumbar paravertebral block for that surgical procedure. Paravertebral block anesthesia was performed on 30 consecutive patients. Block placement took an average of 12.3 minutes, in six cases repeat injection at one or two spinal levels was required due to incomplete blockade. Paravertebral block achieved effective anesthesia in 28 of 30 cases; conversion to general anesthesia was performed for two failed blocks. We are reporting postoperative data on the 28 completed blocks. Supplementation of intravenous sedation or injection of local anesthesia successfully treated transient intraoperative pain in 10 cases. Epidural extension of anesthesia resulting in lower limb numbness and motor weakness delayed the discharge of two patients. There were no other complications of anesthesia and no cases of urinary retention. Time to onset of pain averaged 15 hours, while duration of sensory block was 13 hours. Patients were prescribed a standing order of naproxen 500 mg b.i.d. for 4 days regardless of pain; supplemental oral narcotic use during the 48 hours following surgery averaged 3.5 tablets, with 6 patients not requiring any narcotic. Ninety‐six percent of patients scheduled for ambulatory surgery were discharged from the postanesthesia care unit, with an average stay of 2.5 hours. Employed patients returned to work on day 5.5 (range 3–10 days); patients who were not employed returned to regular activities in 5.8 days (range 1–14 days). Eighty‐two percent of patients reported being “very satisfied” with the anesthetic technique.
Intraoperative Imprint Cytologic Assessment of the Sentinel Node for Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Bochner Melissa A. , Farshid Gelareh , Dodd Thomas J. , Kollias James , Gill P. Grantley 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn increasing number of patients are undergoing sentinel node biopsy alone for axillary staging of early breast cancer. A reliable method for evaluating the status of the sentinel node intraoperatively would allow patients with sentinel node metastases to undergo immediate rather than delayed axillary clearance. Sentinel nodes in 53 consecutive patients were examined by intraoperative imprint cytology. When compared with subsequent analysis by hematoxylin‐eosin staining and immunohistochemistry, the accuracy of imprint cytology for the detecting nodal metastases was 81.1%; the false negative rate was 47.0%, and there were no false positives. Results were made available to the operating surgeon within a mean time of 25 minutes. All but one of the false negatives involved micrometastatic deposits of less than 0.1 mm. Intraoperative imprint cytologic examination of the sentinel node is a useful technique that can be performed efficiently and without loss of nodal tissue for subsequent analysis. With the use of this technique, more than 50% of lymph node‐positive patients would potentially be spared a second operation.
Parathyroid Adenomas versus Four‐gland Hyperplasia as the Cause of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients with Prolonged Lithium Therapy
Authors: Awad Samir S. , Miskulin Judiann , Thompson Norman 
Published: March 2003

AbstractChronic lithium therapy in patients with affective psychiatric disorders has been implicated as the cause of hypercalcemia and primary hyperparathyroidism. Our objective was to evaluate whether primary hyperparathyroidism was caused by an adenoma or four‐gland hyperplasia. The medical records of 15 patients with affective psychiatric disorders who were treated with chronic lithium therapy from 1982 to 1997, all of whom were operated on for primary hyperparathyroidism, were reviewed. Data on age, symptoms, duration of lithium therapy, pre‐ and postoperative calcium levels, and parathyroid hormone levels were collected. Parathyroid histology for each patient was independently and blindly reviewed. The mean age was 58 ± 10 years, the mean duration of lithium therapy 10.7 ± 6 years, and the mean preoperative calcium level 11.7 ± 0.5 mg/dl. All patients underwent bilateral neck exploration with selective resection of enlarged glands. Of the 15 patients, 14 (92%) had adenomas (11 single, 3 double), and 1 (8%) had four‐gland hyperplasia. All patients were rendered eucalcemic, with a postoperative calcium level of 9.2 ± 0.5 mg/dl (p < 0.005). All patients resumed their lithium therapy, with 1 of 15 patients developing recurrent hyperparathyroidism 2 years following the first operation; this patient required reexploration, at which time an adenoma was resected. In our experience hyperparathyroidism in patients who have undergone prolonged therapy with lithium is associated with a high incidence of parathyroid adenomas versus four‐gland hyperplasia. This suggests that lithium selectively stimulates growth of parathyroid adenomas in susceptible patients, who are best treated with adenoma excision rather than subtotal parathyroidectomy.
Survey research in operations management: historical analyses
Authors: Rungtusanatham M.Johnny , Choi Thomas Y , Hollingworth David G , Wu Zhaohui , Forza Cipriano 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOur paper provides a comprehensive assessment of 285 survey research articles in operations management (OM), published between 1980 and 2000. Six OM journals are included in this study; they are, in alphabetical order: Decision Sciences (DS), International Journal of Operations & Production Management (IJOPM), International Journal of Production Research (IJPR), Journal of Operations Management (JOM), Management Science (MS), and Production and Operations Management (POM). In this paper, we reflect upon the state and evolution of survey research in the OM discipline across a 21‐year time span and the contribution of OM journals that have published these studies. Major changes have occurred in the last 5 years of our sampling period, and two topics stood out as showing fastest ascendancy to prominence—operations strategy and supply chain management. Furthermore, over the years, the Journal of Operations Management appears to have been publishing more survey research articles and a greater variety of OM topics compared to the other five journals in our study.
Adenovirus‐mediated gene transfer to healing tendon—enhanced efficiency using a gelatin sponge
Authors: Dai Quan , Manfield Laura , Wang Yao , Murrell George A. C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAdenovirus‐mediated gene transfer is a potential method for enhancing tendon healing. We investigated the transfection of Ad5CMVntLacZ, an adenovirus containing the reporter gene LacZ, in primary cultured human rotator cuff tendon cells and in a rat Achilles tendon healing model in vivo. Ad5CMVempty, the adenoviral vector containing no inserted gene, was used as a control for adenoviral transfection alone. Activity of β‐galactosidase, the protein expressed by LacZ gene, was measured using a β‐galactosidase assay and detected visually by X‐gal staining. Cultured cells were successfully transfected without impairing cell viability. Maximal β‐galactosidase activity was detected when cells were transfected at the dose of 1000 PFU/cell. The duration of LacZ expression was six days with a peak value at 24 h post‐transfection. A transfection rate of 100% was obtained at 5000 PFU/cell. Successful in vivo transfection by Ad5CMVntLacZ was obtained in healing rat Achilles tendon as confirmed by X‐gal staining. 0.4% of tendon cells were transfected when Ad5CMVntLacZ was injected into the tendon at a dose of 106 PFU. The rate rose to 2% with 108 PFU and 3% with 109 PFU. The duration of LacZ expression in vivo was 17 days. Transfection efficiency was enhanced threefold and localization improved when a gelatin sponge was used to deliver the adenovirus. The results demonstrate that adenovirus can be used to deliver a gene of interest to cultured human rotator cuff tendon cells and healing tendon, with gelatin sponge implantation enhancing adenoviral transfection efficiency in vivo. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Modulation of adhesion, spreading and cytoskeleton organization of 3T3 fibroblasts by sulfonic groups present on polymer surfaces
Authors: Kowalczyńska Hanna M. , Nowak‐Wyrzykowska Małgorzata 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe early phase of 3T3 fibroblast interaction with sulfonated styrene copolymer surfaces, of two sulfonic group densities and thus of differing wettability, was studied. The sulfonic groups present on copolymer surfaces affected the behaviour of cells, i.e. they stimulated cell adhesion, activated cell spreading and influenced cytoskeleton reorganization. The relative number of adhering cells correlated, while the number of spreading cells inversely correlated, with the surface density of sulfonic groups. Cell shape and the pattern of distribution of F‐actin, α‐actinin and vinculin in the interacting cells also depend on the surface density of sulfonic groups. On surfaces of high sulfonic group density, highly polarized cells were observed with F‐actin bundles. On surfaces of low sulfonic group density, the cells spread with a square‐like morphology with F‐actin organized in stress fibres. In contrast, the cells spread poorly on nonsulfonated surfaces and cell adhesion was unaffected by surface wettability. The contribution of α5β1, α4, and β5integrins to the cell interaction with fibronectin (FN) and vitronectin (VN) adsorbed from serum‐containing medium on polymer surfaces was examined. Our results suggest that surface sulfonic groups influence the conformation of FN and VN adsorbed on polymer surfaces and, in turn, determine the integrins that are involved in cell adhesion.
Endothelial dysfunction and infarct‐size relate to impaired EDHF response in rat experimental chronic heart failure
Authors: Gschwend Simone , Buikema Hendrik , Henning Robert H. , Pinto Yigal M. , de Zeeuw Dick , van Gilst Wiek H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground:The rat coronary ligation model of chronic heart failure has been extensively used to investigate its pathophysiology including the role of endothelial dysfunction. Inconsistent results have been obtained concerning the role of endothelial dilative mediators nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium‐derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF).Aims:Our aim was to investigate involvement of NO and EDHF in aortic endothelial dysfunction in this model and the influence of individual infarct sizes. Furthermore, we investigated whether it is justified to regard rats that failed to develop large infarct sizes as SHAM controls.Methods:We performed coronary ligations and SHAM operations and studied acetylcholine (ACh)‐induced relaxations and underlying endothelial mediators in isolated aortic rings 12 weeks after infarction. By then, cardiac and hemodynamic parameters were deteriorated in animals with large myocardial infarctions (large‐MI, 35±3%), but not those with small myocardial infarctions (small‐MI, 5±2%).Results:Large‐MI showed decreased ACh‐induced relaxation compared to SHAM due to decreased contribution of EDHF which was inversely correlated with individual infarct‐size. Interestingly, small‐MI showed significantly increased ACh‐induced relaxation compared to SHAM due to increased NO contribution.Conclusions:Our results suggest that impaired aortic endothelial dilatory function in large‐MI is mainly due to an impaired EDHF response and strongly depends on individual infarct‐size. In addition, endothelium‐dependent relaxation of small‐MI rats differed from SHAM, indicating that both groups may not be pooled to serve as controls. These results emphasize the importance of infarct‐size and choice of the control group, and may explain inconsistencies in previous studies.
Accelerated senescence of human erythrocytes cultured with Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Omodeo-Salè Fausta , Motti Anna , Basilico Nicoletta , Parapini Silvia , Olliaro Piero , Taramelli Donatella 
Published: March 2003

AbstractRed blood cells infected withPlasmodium falciparum(IRBCs) undergo changes primarily in their membrane composition that contribute to malaria pathogenesis. However, all manifestations (eg, anemia) cannot be accounted for by IRBCs alone. Uninfected erythrocytes (URBCs) may play a role, but they have been under-researched. We wanted to document changes in the erythrocyte membrane that could contribute to URBC reduced life span and malaria-associated anemia. Human erythrocytes were cultured withP falciparumand washed at the trophozoite stage. IRBCs and URBCs were separated on Percoll density gradient, thus obtaining erythrocyte fractions of different densities/ages. IRBC- and URBC-purified membranes were analyzed and compared with control normal erythrocytes (NRBCs) of the same age, from the same donor, kept in the same conditions.P falciparumaccelerated aging of both IRBCs and URBCs, causing a significant shift in the cell population toward the denser (old) fraction. Protein, phospholipid, and cholesterol content were reduced in IRBCs and young URBCs. Young and medium uninfected fractions had higher levels of lipid peroxidation and phospholipid saturation (because of the loss of polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFAs) and lower phosphatidylserine. In IRBCs, thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARSs) were higher, and PUFAs and phosphatidylserine lower than in NRBCs and URBCs. In comparison, trophozoite membranes had lower phospholipid (particularly sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine) and cholesterol content and a higher degree of saturation. Parasite-induced peroxidative damage might account for these modifications. In summary, we demonstrated that membrane damage leading to accelerated senescence of both infected and uninfected erythrocytes will likely contribute to malaria anemia.
Very late relapse in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma represents clonally related disease and is marked by germinal center cell features
Authors: de Jong Daphne , Glas Annuska M. , Boerrigter Lucie , Hermus Marie-Christine , Dalesio Otilia , Willemse Els , Nederlof Petra M. , Kersten Marie José 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) rarely show relapse after 4 years of complete remission (CR). In this study, we addressed the following questions: (1) Does late-relapsing DLBCL represent clonally related disease or a second malignancy; and (2) is there a characteristic biologic background? In 10 of 13 DLBCL patients with relapse after 4 to 17 years, a clonal relationship was established based on identical IgH-sequences and/or identical bcl2-IgH translocation. Most (77%) showed features of germinal center (GC) cells, as defined by expression of CD10, bcl-2, and bcl-6 protein and ongoing immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (VH) hypermutation. A GC phenotype was seen in 8 (20%) of 38 control patients matched for age, stage, and (extra)nodal localization with relapse within 2.5 years (P = .005). In conclusion, we have found evidence that late-relapsing DLBCL represents truly clonally related disease episodes in most cases and that this clinical behavior may be related to the biologic features of GC cells. (Blood. 2003;102:324-327)
SU5416, a small molecule tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor, has biologic activity in patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Giles Francis J. , Stopeck Alison T. , Silverman Lewis R. , Lancet Jeffrey E. , Cooper Maureen A. , Hannah Alison L. , Cherrington Julie M. , O'Farrell Anne-Marie , Yuen Helene A. , Louie Sharianne G. , Hong Weiru , Cortes Jorge E. , Verstovsek Srdan , Albitar Maher , O'Brien Susan M. , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Karp Judith E. 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Increased bone marrow angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are adverse prognostic features in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs). VEGF is a soluble circulating angiogenic molecule that stimulates signaling via receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). AML blasts may express VEGFR-2, c-kit, and FLT3. SU5416 is a small molecule RTK inhibitor (RTKI) of VEGFR-2, c-kit, and both wild-type and mutant FLT3. A multicenter phase 2 study of SU5416 was conducted in patients with refractory AML or MDS. For a median of 9 weeks (range, 1-55 weeks), 55 patients (33 AML: 10 [30%] primary refractory, 23 [70%] relapsed; 22 MDS: 15 [68%] relapsed) received 145 mg/m2 SU5416 twice weekly intravenously. Grade 3 or 4 drug-related toxicities included headaches (14%), infusion-related reactions (11%), dyspnea (14%), fatigue (7%), thrombotic episodes (7%), bone pain (5%), and gastrointestinal disturbance (4%). There were 11 patients (20%) who did not complete 4 weeks of therapy (10 progressive disease, 1 adverse event); 3 patients (5%) who achieved partial responses; and 1 (2%) who achieved hematologic improvement. Single agent SU5416 had biologic and modest clinical activity in refractory AML/MDS. Overall median survival was 12 weeks in AML patients (range, 4-41 weeks) and not reached in MDS patients. Most observed toxicities were attributable to drug formulation (polyoxyl 35 castor oil or hyperosmolarity of the SU5416 preparation). Studies of other RTKI and/or other antiangiogenic approaches, with correlative studies to examine biologic effects, may be warranted in patients with AML/MDS.
CD8α+ mouse spleen dendritic cells do not originate from the CD8α- dendritic cell subset
Authors: Naik Shalin , Vremec David , Wu Li , O'Keeffe Meredith , Shortman Ken 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAlthough previous studies had indicated that the CD8α- and CD8α+ subtypes of murine dendritic cells (DCs) differ in immediate origin, a recent study found that intravenous transfer of CD8α- DCs led to CD8α+ DCs in the spleen several days later, suggesting a direct precursor-product relationship. We have repeated these experiments with a balance sheet approach. We find that though a few CD8α+ DCs can be generated in such experiments, this is a rare event and could be the result of a contaminant precursor. Most of the immediate precursors of CD8α+ DCs are cells that lack the phenotype of a recognizable DC. CD8α- DCs and CD8α+ DCs are not precursor-product related, though these sublineages may be connected further upstream.
Defect in neutrophil killing and increased susceptibility to infection with nonpathogenic gram-positive bacteria in peptidoglycan recognition protein-S (PGRP-S)–deficient mice
Authors: Dziarski Roman , Platt Kenneth A. , Gelius Eva , Steiner Håkan , Gupta Dipika 
Published: March 2003

AbstractInsect peptidoglycan recognition protein-S (PGRP-S), a member of a family of innate immunity pattern recognition molecules conserved from insects to mammals, recognizes bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan and activates 2 antimicrobial defense systems, prophenoloxidase cascade and antimicrobial peptides through Toll receptor. We show that mouse PGRP-S is present in neutrophil tertiary granules and that PGRP-S–deficient (PGRP-S-/-) mice have increased susceptibility to intraperitoneal infection with gram-positive bacteria of low pathogenicity but not with more pathogenic gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. PGRP-S-/- mice have normal inflammatory responses and production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Neutrophils from PGRP-S-/- mice have normal phagocytic uptake of bacteria but are defective in intracellular killing and digestion of relatively nonpathogenic gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, mammalian PGRP-S functions in intracellular killing of bacteria. Thus, only bacterial recognition by PGRP-S, but not its effector function, is conserved from insects to mammals.