bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is in the Neuromuscular Junction Literature?
Authors: Lacomis David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This update covers several articles on diagnosis and misdiagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG), the role of complement in MG, and then an impressive number of recent treatment trials. There is a negative study on any corticosteroid-sparing effect of intravenous immunoglobulin. A number of positive studies are reviewed. Open-label extension studies of phase 3 trials showed benefit regarding quality of life with efgartigimod and in functional measures with ravulizumab. The phase 3 RAISE trial of zilucoplan, a self-administered complement C5 inhibitor, is covered as well as the MyCarinG trial of rozanolixizumab. The notion of using fast-acting therapies early in the course of MG is addressed. The last sections center on MG and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome as a consequence of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Predictors of Sleep Quality in Spouse Caregivers of Community-Dwelling People With Dementia Using Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: CHU Hyeon Sik , JANG Hye-Young 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Many family caregivers of people with dementia (PwDs) have sleep problems and poor sleep quality. Sleep may be negatively affected by caring for a family member with dementia, especially a spouse.

Purpose
This study was designed to assess sleep quality in spouse caregivers of PwDs and determine the impact of care provision on their sleep quality.

Methods
A secondary analysis of 58,050 participants in the 2018 Korea Community Health Survey was conducted. To prevent selection bias, a propensity score matching analysis was performed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the predictors of sleep quality.

Results
After obtaining a propensity score matching threshold of 3:1, the percentage of poor sleepers was 24.2% in the control group and 33.3% in the spouse-caregiver group, which indicates a significant difference (χ2 = 11.79, p = .001). After adjusting for depressive symptoms in the multiple logistic analyses, no intergroup difference was found in terms of risk of poor sleep quality (odds ratio = 1.12, 95% CI [0.90, 1.61]).

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
The findings of this study support that spouse caregivers of PwDs have poorer sleep quality than their nonspouse peers and that management of depressive symptoms is important to improving the sleep quality of spouses providing care to PwDs. Nursing interventions such as light therapy and exposure to sunlight during daytime hours to both improve sleep quality and reduce depressive symptoms can improve sleep quality in this vulnerable caregiver group.
Agreement on Lesion Presence and Location at Colposcopy
Authors: Lycke Kathrine Dyhr , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Jeronimo Jose , de Sanjose Silvia , Egemen Didem , del Pino Marta , Marcus Jenna , Schiffman Mark , Hammer Anne 
Published: November 2023

Objectives/purpose
The reproducibility and sensitivity of image-based colposcopy is low, but agreement on lesion presence and location remains to be explored. Here, we investigate the interobserver agreement on lesions on colposcopic images by evaluating and comparing marked lesions on digitized colposcopic images between colposcopists.

Methods
Five colposcopists reviewed images from 268 colposcopic examinations. Cases were selected based on histologic diagnosis, i.e., normal/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1 (n = 50), CIN2 (n = 50), CIN3 (n = 100), adenocarcinoma in situ (n = 53), and cancer (n = 15). We obtained digitized time-series images every 7–10 seconds from before acetic acid application to 2 minutes after application. Colposcopists were instructed to digitally annotate all areas with acetowhitening or suspect of lesions. To estimate the agreement on lesion presence and location, we assessed the proportion of images with annotations and the proportion of images with overlapping annotated area by at least 4 (4+) colposcopists, respectively.

Results
We included images from 241 examinations (1 image from each) with adequate annotations. The proportion with a least 1 lesion annotated by 4+ colposcopists increased by severity of histologic diagnosis. Among the CIN3 cases, 84% had at least 1 lesion annotated by 4+ colposcopists, whereas 54% of normal/CIN1 cases had a lesion annotated. Notably, the proportion was 70% for adenocarcinoma in situ and 71% for cancer. Regarding lesion location, there was no linear association with severity of histologic diagnosis.

Conclusion
Despite that 80% of the CIN2 and CIN3 cases were annotated by 4+ colposcopists, we did not find increasing agreement on lesion location with histology severity. This underlines the subjective nature of colposcopy.
The Use of a Unilateral Curved Spreader Graft in the Management of Crooked Nose Deformity
Authors: Elsayed Ahmed Ibrahim , Elbahrawy Atef , Sorour Samir , Elsadek Aalaa , Fouad Yasser Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

Aim of Work
The aim of this study is to present a new technique of using spreader grafts in the correction of crooked nose deformity with C-shaped deviation of the middle third of the nose.

Patients and Methods
This is a prospective case series study conducted on 18 patients with crooked nose deformity with C-shaped deviation of the middle third of the nose. All of the patients were managed by open septorhinoplasty. During surgery, a curved spreader graft was harvested from the nasal septum and placed on the convex side of the C-shaped deviation of the dorsal part of the nasal septum. Objective measurements of the angles of external nasal deviation (END) and the internal nasal valve (INV) angles were performed before and 6 months after the surgery. Subjective assessment of aesthetic satisfaction by the visual analog scale and nasal function by the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation scale was also performed before and 6 months after surgery.

Results
Eighteen patients were enrolled in the study and completed the minimum follow-up period of 6 months. The mean follow-up period was 17.3 months. Objectively, there was highly significant (P < 0.00001) improvement of the END angle and INV angle. Subjectively, there was also highly significant (P < 0.00001) improvement of both the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation score and the visual analog scale score for aesthetic satisfaction.

Conclusions
The insertion of a curved unilateral spreader graft over the convexity of the deviated nasal dorsum can correct the END, improve the collapsed INV on both sides, and consequently achieve satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes.
An Objective Evaluation of Cleft Lip Repair Deformities Based on Standardized Photographic Views
Authors: El-Shazly Mohamed , Sharaf Ahmed S. , Abdelkarim Ahmed , Makboul Mohamed , Rabie Osama , Saleh Medhat Araby 
Published: November 2023

Background
Several assessment systems of the cleft-related facial deformity have been reported in the medical literature. Assessments have been made from direct clinical evaluations, photographs, on-screen digital images, and 3-dimensional imaging. An evaluation method based on standardized photographic views is developed to evaluate the most common postoperative deformities and to detect the responsible factors for occurrence of these deformities and how to avoid them.

Materials and Methods
One hundred forty-five cleft lip cases (105 unilateral and 40 bilateral) were evaluated by using standard sheet and scoring system designed by Operation Smile Inc (Virginia Beach). The scoring system is based on photographic analysis of items including Cupid's bow, nasal symmetry, vermilion contour, white roll continuity, and scar quality.

Results
In the unilateral cleft cases, we found 0.4% excellent, 48.57% good, 38% fair, and 2.85% poor cases. For bilateral clef lip cases, we found 27.5% excellent, 47.5% good, 17.5% fair, and 7.5% poor outcomes. The most common postoperative deformities were nasal asymmetry, scar hypertrophy, deformed Cupid's bow, and vermilion contour asymmetry.

Conclusions
This objective evaluation system can determine the common cleft lip nasal deformities with detection of the responsible factors. Principles that guide optimum surgical repair have been advocated to avoid the common postoperative deformities. Scar formation is an independent factor that must be managed early and separately to maintain surgical outcomes.
Intergenic regions contribute fitness advance by increasing recombination
Authors: Imai Ryosuke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntergenic regions are common in eukaryotic genomes, yet they often appear to confer no direct fitness advantage. This study hypothesized that the primary function of these regions may be to enhance the frequency of meiotic recombination between genes, thereby reducing selective interference and improving the efficacy of selection. To test this hypothesis, computer simulations were conducted using the slim4 software to examine the impact of varying lengths of intergenic regions on total fitness. Populations with extended intergenic regions exhibited increased total fitness. Notably, the average fitness effects of both advantageous and deleterious mutations diminished, implying an enhanced selection efficiency, particularly for mutations with marginal fitness impacts. Total fitness effect of deleterious mutations increased despite the average fitness effect decreasing. Linkage between deleterious mutations could contribute to purging of slightly deleterious mutations.These results underscore the need for a more comprehensive examination of the relationship between recombination and intergenic regions to fully elucidate their evolutionary significance and contribution to genomic architecture.Article SummaryEvolutionary significance of intergenic regions are still unclear. This study hypothesized that the primary function of these regions may be to enhance the frequency of meiotic recombination between genes, thereby reducing selective interference and improving the efficacy of selection. The simulation showed that populations with extended intergenic regions exhibited increased total fitness. The results poin t the way for future research about evolution of intergenic regions and the effect of genomic position of genes.
MITF regulates IDH1 and NNT and drives a transcriptional program protecting cutaneous melanoma from reactive oxygen species
Authors: Roider Elisabeth , Lakatos Alexandra I.T. , McConnell Alicia M. , Wang Poguang , Mueller Alina , Kawakami Akinori , Tsoi Jennifer , Szabolcs Botond L. , Ascsillán Anna A. , Suita Yusuke , Igras Vivien , Lo Jennifer A. , Hsiao Jennifer J. , Lapides Rebecca , Pál Dorottya M.P. , Lengyel Anna S. , Navarini Alexander , Okazaki Arimichi , Iliopoulos Othon , Németh István , Graeber Thomas G. , Zon Leonard , Giese Roger W. , Kemeny Lajos V. , Fisher David E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMicrophthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) plays pivotal roles in melanocyte development, function, and melanoma pathogenesis. MITF amplification occurs in melanoma and has been associated with resistance to targeted therapies. Here, we show that MITF regulates a global antioxidant program that increases survival of melanoma cell lines by protecting the cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage. In addition, this redox program is correlated with MITF expression in human melanoma cell lines and patient-derived melanoma samples. Using a zebrafish melanoma model, we show that MITF decreases ROS-mediated DNA damagein vivo. Some of the MITF target genes involved, such asIDH1andNNT, are regulated through direct MITF binding to canonical enhancer box (E-BOX) sequences proximal to their promoters. Utilizing functional experiments, we demonstrate the role of MITF and its target genes in reducing cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS. Collectively, our data identify MITF as a significant driver of the cellular antioxidant state.One Sentence SummaryMITF promote melanoma survival via increasing ROS tolerance.
COQ4 is required for the oxidative decarboxylation of the C1 carbon of Coenzyme Q in eukaryotic cells
Authors: Pelosi Ludovic , Morbiato Laura , Burgardt Arthur , Tonello Fiorella , Bartlett Abigail K. , Guerra Rachel M. , Ferizhendi Katayoun Kazemzadeh , Desbats Maria Andrea , Rascalou Bérengère , Marchi Marco , Vázquez-Fonseca Luis , Agosto Caterina , Zanotti Giuseppe , Roger-Margueritat Morgane , Alcázar-Fabra María , García-Corzo Laura , Sánchez-Cuesta Ana , Navas Plácido , Brea-Calvo Gloria , Trevisson Eva , Wendisch Volker F. , Pagliarini David J. , Salviati Leonardo , Pierrel Fabien 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYCoenzyme Q (CoQ) is a redox lipid that fulfills critical functions in cellular bioenergetics and homeostasis. CoQ is synthesized by a multi-step pathway that involves several COQ proteins. Two steps of the eukaryotic pathway, the decarboxylation and hydroxylation of position C1, have remained uncharacterized. Here, we provide evidence that these two reactions occur in a single oxidative decarboxylation step catalyzed by COQ4. We demonstrate that COQ4 complements anEscherichia colistrain deficient for C1 decarboxylation and hydroxylation and that COQ4 displays oxidative decarboxylation activity in the non-CoQ producerCorynebacterium glutamicum. Overall, our results substantiate that COQ4 contributes to CoQ biosynthesis, not only via its previously proposed structural role, but also via oxidative decarboxylation of CoQ precursors. These findings fill a major gap in the knowledge of eukaryotic CoQ biosynthesis, and shed new light on the pathophysiology of human primary CoQ deficiency due toCOQ4mutations.
Guild-Level Gut Microbial Alterations Associate with Non-hepatitis Virus related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Yubing , Ye Hongwei , Meng Xiaowei , Zhang Shuyu , Zhang Yiyin , Chen Yi , Chen Yu 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTThe gut microbiota of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is different from that of cohort without HCC. However, the relationship between non-hepatitis virus related HCC and gut microbial alterations remains elusive. In this work, we studied the gut microbial data in Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database from 58 healthy controls (HC), 31 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), 206 patients with hepatitis B viruses, 35 patients with HBV related HCC (B-HCC), and 22 patients with non-HBV or non-HCV related HCC (NBNC-HCC). Depend on guild-based analysis, 27 gut bacterial co-abundance groups (CAGs) were established. By studying these CAGs, we found the gut microbial overall structure and composition differed among patients with NBNC-HCC, B-HCC, other liver diseases, and healthy cohort, such as members from Lachnospiraceae, Veillonellaceae, andPrevotella. The network calculated by these CAGs in patients with HCC showed less interactions than that in healthy cohort. The specific CAGs showed correlated to the development of HCC. In addition, gut bacterial dysbiosis index, which was calculated by significantly altered CAGs in patients with NBNC-HCC compared with healthy cohort, showed potential diagnostic power of NBNC-HCC. Therefore, this study shows a new way toward understanding the role of the gut microbiome in patients with non-hepatitis virus related HCC.IMPORTANCEGut microbiome may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the relationship between non-hepatitis virus related hepatocellular carcinoma and gut microbiome should be further understood. In the current work, we found the alterations of gut microbial structure, composition, and network robustness in these patients by guild-based data analysis. Specific gut bacteria in these patients were related to clinical parameters, such as blood biochemical indexes. More importantly, gut bacterial bio-markers, which can discriminate these patients and cohort without this disease, were showed in this study. Thus, our study suggests that these guild-level gut bacteria may contribute to the development of non-hepatitis virus related hepatocellular carcinoma. This provides a new direction for future studies, which aims to show the importance of the gut microbiome in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Physical complaints and their relationships to esports activities among Japanese esports players: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Monma Takafumi , Matsui Takashi , Koyama Shoya , Ueno Hiromasa , Kagesawa Junichi , Oba Chisato , Nakamura Kentaro , Takagi Hideki , Takeda Fumi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the evolving landscape of electronic sports (esports), where economic and social expectations are soaring, a critical concern has emerged in physical complaints among esports players. However, empirical insights into these complaints’ prevalence and influencing factors are scarce. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence of physical complaints and their association with esports activities among Japanese esports players. A web-based cross-sectional survey encompassing 175 esports players from both professional and amateur teams in Japan was conducted. The analysis focused on 79 male participants (average age: 21.6 ± 5.6 years) with complete responses. The survey items included the esports factors (the device mainly used, the duration of esports titles played primarily, hours of esports activities per day on weekdays and holidays, and the distance between the screen and the face during esports activities) and physical complaints (headache, neck pain, stiff or sore shoulders, wrist pain, finger pain, lower back pain, and eye fatigue). A total of 49.4% reported stiff or sore shoulders, 48.1% faced eye fatigue, and 30.4% had headaches. Professionals exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of neck, wrist, and lower back pain and eye fatigue than amateurs. Age-adjusted logistic regression analysis uncovered that using mainly mobile devices and being closer to the screen and face during esports activities were significantly associated with neck pain, stiff or sore shoulders, lower back pain, and eye fatigue. These results suggest that poor posture caused by using mobile devices and being closer to the screen during esports activities was related to various physical complaints.
Best practice for safety management – case of major oil processing country in the Middle East
Authors: Oduoza Chike F. , Alamri Reem , Oloke David 
Published: November 2023

PurposeDeployment of health and safety standards in extremely hazardous work environments such as oil and gas sector, is essential to minimise accidents leaving employees permanently or temporarily incapacitated. The purpose of this research, is to understand why there are frequent accidents in case country's oil and gas sector, with a view to recommend solutions to mitigate problems.Design/methodology/approachResearch methodology involved extensive review of the literature to appreciate background, and current research on typical accidents and safety measures taken at oil and gas construction sites to minimise accidents in a middle east country. Interviews, questionnaires and case stidies were deployed to acquire data which highlighted major reasons for accidents occurrence at oil and gas construction sites, and safety tools and techniques that could reduce accident rate if adopted by companies. FindingsFindings, showed that oil and gas construction projects in case country were prone to health and safety related risks, challenges and accidents due to failure to comply with standards and legislation. Construction site teams and shop floor staff were rarely involved in development of safety policies, and some had no understanding of requirements and procedures underpinning safety during operations. Research recommended rapid application/adoption of international standards underpinned by ISO 45000 series and staff training at all levels. Deployment of robots and use of machine learning technology were suggested to implement risky tasks in the sector.Originality/valueResearch was based on rampant accidents occurring in hazardous oil and gas sector in country studied. Enforcement of health and safety standards, and use of modern tools and techniques were recommended to minimise accident rate.
Lean healthcare project in a pharmaceutical supply center: the context of primary healthcare
Authors: de Bittencourt Lúcia Sortica , Paula Istefani Carísio de , Pontes André Teixeira , Gularte Aline Cafruni 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims to enhance storage and distribution operations at a pharmaceutical supply center (PSC) in primary health care (PH) using lean health care (LH) tools. Supply centers for health products, medications and supplies have unique characteristics compared to centers for other goods due to complex processes, specific services, diverse stakeholders and multiple interactions. The authors adapt LH tools to address these complexities and meet industry-specific needs.

Design/methodology/approach
The investigation unit is a PSC in a large southern Brazilian city, and the processes analyzed are the storage and distribution of medications. The authors performed action research from June 2019 to February 2020. Data collection and problem diagnosis involved the development of a value stream mapping.

Findings
The authors adapted the overall equipment effectiveness calculation, efficiency analysis, and loss classification for PSC operations. Eighteen core issues were found: waiting, movement, transport, stock, inadequate processing, defects and human potential losses. The authors proposed waste reduction tools and practices. Inadequate storage conditions may compromise medicine quality, efficacy and safety. This can result from lacking physical structures or noncompliance with procedures. Next, the authors recommend simulating scenarios for validation before implementation.

Practical implications
The study explored ways to enhance layout and medicine distribution at the PSC, focusing on reducing loss and cost impact.

Originality/value
Originality lies in LH application in a PSC of PH, often applied in secondary or tertiary health levels like hospitals. The novelty necessitated adaptations of tools for future PSC applications.
Appraise the role of novelty-seeking on consumers’ satisfaction using online food delivery applications
Authors: Kalantarzadeh Tezerjany Seyedeh Fatemeh 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe primary intent of this study was to assess the influence of novelty-seeking on the satisfaction of consumers. The investigation concentrated on Malaysian consumers who have experience using online food delivery (OFD) applications.Design/methodology/approachTo perform the research, non-probability and convenience sampling methods were enforced to gather the required data. An online questionnaire in the form of a Google Survey was conducted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Upon completion of the survey, the results were analyzed using SPSS software. Both the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) model and expectation disconfirmation theory (EDT) were exploited to shed light on the impact of consumer satisfaction.FindingsAnalysis of responses from the 250 participants unveiled that novelty-seeking positively influences consumer satisfaction. The finding depicted that reliability and responsiveness have the most positive impact on consumer satisfaction whereas tangibility has no effect on the satisfaction of consumers by using OFD applications.Research limitations/implicationsThis study had three main limitations: first, the limitations on access to the participants during the pandemic; second, combining quantitative and qualitative methods to obtain more accurate results; third, the study was limited to the context of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Practical implicationsThe conclusions brought to the fore that OFD marketers should provide appropriate service quality while concentrating on novelty and well-designed apps to surge consumer satisfaction.Originality/value OFD apps have facilitated customers' access to various meals and helped food vendors survive in the competitive marketplace. A new aspect, novelty-seeking, is added to the SERVQUAL dimensions (i.e. empathy, tangibility, reliability, assurance and responsiveness) identified in the literature review.