bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo monastral blue‐induced lamellar‐bodies in lysosomes of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) of bovine lung: Implications of the surface coat
Authors: Atwal Onkar S. , Minhas Kanwal J. , Gill Baljit S. , Sandhu Prahlad S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe previously reported that the pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) of sheep, goat, and calf lung contained a heparin and a lipolytic lipase sensitive surface coat by using tannic acid as a component of paraformaldehyde‐glutaraldehyde‐based fixative. The implication of this sensitivity was that the surface coat was predominantly comprised of lipoprotein‐like substance. In this study we report that monastral blue (MB) used as a vascular tracer interacted with the coat globules and lost its original particulate appearance. Its precise localization in the PIMs was in combination with altered macromolecules of the surface coat in the form of lipid droplets, which conformed to the conventional view of neutral lipids. In contrast, pigment particles examined in their native state resembled metalic particles as electron‐dense eliptical rods. The lipid droplets were subsequently internalized through endocytic route and found their access into the lysosomal compartments of PIMs at the electron microscopic level. Lamellar bodies (LLBs) arose from the lysosomal matrix after the entry of lipid droplets in the secondary lysosomes. Acid phosphatase activity was located in secondary lysosomes as well as in endosomes. These observations suggest that coat granules of the PIMs acted as a carrier of exogenous MB particles to deliver the complex to the lysosomal compartment where partial digestion lead to the formation of lamellar bodies. The implications of MB (cationic dye) as a vascular tracer for studying phagocytic index of PIMs in the light of their coat and the rapid development of LLBs are discussed. It is proposed that MB by initially combining with the surface coat provokes mobilization of intracellular lipid pools. In this way metabolism of vasoactive lipid in the PIMs is stimulated to influence the dynamics of pulmonary circulation in the calves.© Willey‐Liss, Inc.
Keratin and vimentin distribution patterns in the epithelial structures of the cannie anal region
Authors: Vos J. H. , van den Ingh T. S. G. A. M. , Ramaekers F. C. S. , De Neijs M. , van Mil F. N. , Ivanyi D. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe intermediate filament labeling pattern of the epithelial structures of the canine anal region was studied with different polypeptide specific keratin monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and with a monoclonal and polyclonal vimentin antibody. The epithelial structures in this region could be discriminated and characterized by differences in their keratin staining pattern. The basal cells in the different epithelial structures showed a similar staining pattern characterized by reactivity with MoAbs staining keratins 5, 8, 14, and 17. Columnar epithelial cells showed a completely different phenotype mostly characterized by reactivity with MoAbs staining keratins 7, 5, 8, 18, and 19. A restricted number of differentiated perianal gland cells showed perinuclear vimentin staining. Myoepithelial cells did not stain for vimentin, but, as other basal cells, were positive for MoAbs staining keratins 5, 8, 14, and 17.© Willey‐Liss, Inc.
Localization of extracellular matrix components in developing mouse salivary glands by confocal microscopy
Authors: Hardman Patricia , Spooner Brian S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe importance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in epithelial‐mesenchymal interactions in developing organisms is well established. Proteoglycans and interstitial collagens are required for the growth, morphogenesis, and differentiation of epithelial organs and the distribution of these molecules has been described. However, much less is known about other ECM macromolecules in developing epithelial organs. We used confocal microscopy to examine the distribution of laminin, heparan sulfate (BM‐1) proteoglycan, fibronectin, and collagen types I, IV, and V, in mouse embryonic salivary glands. Organ rudiments were isolated from gestational day 13 mouse embryos and cultured for 24, 48, or 72 hours. Whole mounts were stained by indirect immunofluorescence and then examined using a Zeiss Laser Scan Microscope. We found that each ECM component examined had a distinct distribution and that the distribution of some molecules varied with culture time. Laminin was mainly restricted to the basement membrane. BM‐1 proteoglycan was concentrated in the basement membrane and also formed a fine network throughout the mesenchyme. Type IV collagen was mainly located in the basement membrane of the epithelium, but it was also present throughout the mesenchyme. Type V collagen was distributed throughout the mesenchyme at 24 hours, but at 48 hours was principally located in the basement membrane. Type I collagen was distributed throughout the mesenchyme at all culture times, and accumulated in the clefts and particularly at the epithelial‐mesenchymal in terface as time in culture increased. Fibronectin was observed throughout the mesenchyme at all times.© Willey‐Liss, Inc.
Changes of cytochemical properties in the Golgi apparatus during in vivo differentation of the ameloblast in developing rat molar tooth germs
Authors: Matsuo Saburou , Ichikawa Hiroyuki , Wakisaka Satoshi , Akai Michio 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe cytochemical changes of the Golgi stacks occurring concomitantly with cell differentiation were examined in ameloblasts of developing rat molar tooth germs using osmium impregnation and cytochemistry with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatase (NADPase), thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase), and acid phosphatase (Acpase). NADPase, TPPase, and Acpase activites were already present in the Golgi stacks of the inner enamel epithelial cells, the undifferentiated form of the ameloblast: NADPase activity existed in the medial Golgi cisternae, TPPase activity in the trans Golgi cisternae, and Acpase activity in almost all cisternae and strongly in the trans‐most cisterna of the Golgi stack. At this stage, however, osmium deposits after impregnation were not observed in the cisterna of Golgi stacks but were present in some small vesicles. These vesicles were located throughout the cytoplasm. Osmiophilic cisternae in the Golgi stacks were apparent for the first time at the stage when the Golgi apparatus developed and migrated to the region distal to the nucleus with the progression of cell differentiation. These findings indicate that the cis subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus was incomplete in the inner enamel epithelial cells with regard to appearance of its cytochemical property, as compared with the medial and trans subcom partments. It is suggested that the cis compartment of the Golgi stack may be completed only in the last stage of the compartmentalized Golgi organization during differentiation of the ameloblast.© Willey‐Liss, Inc.
Immunohistochemical demonstration of melatonin in the female mink harderian gland
Authors: Meusy‐Dessolle Nicole , Tillet Y. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIn the Harderian gland of the female mink, either intact or killed after a bilateral ablation of the cervical superior ganglion, almost all of the cells of the alveoli were immunolabelled with anti‐melatonin antiserum. Animals were killed during the day or during the night. The immunolabelling was observed only in the cytoplasm, while the nucleus remained unstained. Using successive dilutions of the antiserum on serial sections of the Harderian gland to qualitate the melatonin content, a circadian rhythm of melatonin immunoreactivity was observed. The intensity of immunofluorescence labelling was higher in intact animals killed during the day than in those killed during the night. These results could be explained by the inhibitory or stimulatory influence of pineal melatonin released during the night on melatonin synthesis or release in the Harderian gland, respectively. In the Harderian gland of ganglionectomized animals, the intensity of melatonin immunofluorescence was lower than in intact animals killed during the day. It is concluded that the Harderian gland might be involved in the perception of the day/night cycle and that melatonin synthesis/secretion was likely controlled by the cervical superior ganglion in this organ.© Willey‐Liss, Inc.
Immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization evidence for the coexistence of GABA and tyrosine hydroxylase in the rat locus ceruieus
Authors: Iijima Koichi , Sato Mitsuru , Kojima Naosuke , Ohtomo Kazuo 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe have demonstrated the coexistence of GABA‐like and tyrosine hydroxylase‐like immunoreactivities (GABA‐LI and TH‐LI, respectively) in the same neurons of the rat locus ceruleus (LC). The profiles of these cells were labeled by alternately immunostaining adjacent sections for GABA‐LI or TH‐LI by the avidin‐biotin‐peroxidase complex method or the peroxidase‐anti‐peroxidase method after perfusion (either Zamboni's fixative or PPG), and observation at light and electron microscopic levels. For light microscopy, pairs of adjacent sections of more than 590 (Zamboni's) and 260 (PPG), and for electron microscopy, 40 ultrathin sections cut from adjacent semithin plastic sections (Zamboni's), were examined. GABA‐LI was found in 80% (1,309/1,642 in total) of small and medium‐sized neurons, uniformly scattered throughout the LC. Observations unequivocally show that the majority of GABA‐ergic neurons are also noradrenergic. Several neurons are neither noradrenergic nor GABA‐ergic, while other noradrenergic neurons do not show GABA‐LI. It is shown that astrocytes, but not oligodendrocytes, contain GABA. In situ hybridization using a probe DNA fragment of the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) cDNA, amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, detected GAD mRNA signals in many neurons throughout the LC, supporting the presence of a GAD/GABA system in the LC. Multiple “classical” transmitters, including GABA, serotonin, and noradrenaline, coexist in many LC neurons and may contribute to its widely diverging projections throughout the entire CNS.© Willey‐Liss, Inc.
Fate of odontoblasts and blood capillaries in the incisal region of the rat incisor pulp
Authors: Tabata Shoji , Wada Kaoru , Semba Teruhiko 
Published: February 2005

AbstractTransmission electron microscopy of thin sections of the rat incisor pulp revealed that in the middle region of the incisor there were fenestrated capillaries in the “predentinal plexus” and that this region contained the tallest odontoblasts. The odontoblasts gradually became shortened in the incisal part of this region: the fenestrated capillaries in the predentinal plexus changed to continuous type capillaries. Almost all the odontoblasts had degenerated near the incisal end of the tooth. The predentinal plexus disappeared in this region, but the “subodontoblastic capillary plexus” persisted. In a specific region just beneath the worn incisal end, numerous macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils appeared and scavenged the degenerating cells, possibly including the odontoblasts. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modultion of the Golgi apparatus in stimulated and nonstimulated prolactin cells of female rats
Authors: Rambourg A. , Clermont Y. , Chrétien M. , Olivier L. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe three‐dimensional structure of the Golgi apparatus and its compartments in prolactin cells has been examined in lactating rats in which secretion of prolactin was suppressed by removing the litter or stimulated by allowing the pups to suckle again. As soon as 2 hr after removal of the litter, large irregular progranules and numerous large pale vesicles accumulated in the trans‐Golgi area together with vesicular or tubular fragments. The cis‐tubular network was no longer recognizable on the cis‐face of the Golgi ribbon; the saccules of the midcompartment were partitined by narrow fissures and also became perforated in register by numerous fenestrations of various sizes and irregular contours. The concomitant appearance of numerous vesicles in the cavities thus formed as well as in the surrounding cytoplasm indicated that they probably arose by the progressive cavitation and fragmentation of saccules of the mid compartment. Such a process, which reached a maximum between 4 and 6 hr after removal of the litter from the mother, was no longer observed at 8 and 12 hr, at which time intervals the Golgi apparatus was reduced in size with no cis‐tubular elements and progranules on its trans‐aspect and few vesicles in its surroundings. When mothers, separated from their litters for a period of 12 hr, were returned to their pups for 20 min, the cis‐tubular network reappeared on the cis‐aspect of the Golgi stacks and presumably formed by fusion of vesicles and anastomosed tubules located next to the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, the structure of the midsaccules returned to the stimulated condition, and early progranules were again segregated within the trans‐most saccules of the Golgi stack. Hence, the Golgi apparatus of prolactin cells was rapidly and deeply modified in the presence or absence of stimulation. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transport of casein submicelles and formation of secretion granules in the golgi apparatus of epithelial cells of the lactating mammary gland of the rat
Authors: Clermont Y. , Xia L. , Rambourg A. , Turner J. D. , Hermo L. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractLactating mammary glands fixed by perfusion with 5% glutaraldehyde subsequently were postfixed with potassium ferrocyanide reduced osmium or were treated with tannic acid. Stained thin sections were examined with the electron microscope and stereopairs were prepared. The distribution of casein submicelles was analyzed in the various components of the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi stacks were composed of five or six elements, all of which contained casein submicelles 20 nm in diameter. The cis‐tubular network or cis‐element, as well as the underlying three or four midsaccules, showed these casein submicelles either attached to their membrane or free in the lumen. The trans‐most element of the stacks formed distended prosecretory granules in which both isolated or clustered casein submicelles were suspended in an electron‐lucent fluid. These micellar aggregates increased in size and became progressively more compact to form spherical dense bodies or casein micelles, in which the individual 20 nm particles could easily be resolved. Casein micelles were seen in secretory granules in addition to a wispy material of low density. The numerous small spherical vesicles (80 nm or larger) seen on the cis, lateral, or trans aspects of the stacks did not appear to contain free casein submicelles. This raises questions regarding the role of these vesicles in the transport of casein macromolecules through the Golgi stacks. It was noticeable that in this Golgi apparatus a trans‐Golgi network was limited to a few small residual tubules free from casein submicelles. It thus appears that the greater part of the trans‐most Golgi element gives rise to the large prosecretory granules. After leaving the Golgi region and prior to exocytosis, the secretory granules often fuse to form larger granules before exocytosis. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Scanning electron microscopic observations of human fetal kidney maturing in vivo and in serum‐free organ culture
Authors: Brièare Normand , Magny Pierre 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA serum‐free model has been developed in our laboratory enabling us to maintain human fetal kidney in culture for periods of 5 days or more. In this totally defined system, morphological integrity of these explants was shown to be preserved at both the light and the electron microscopic levels. The present work was undertaken to validate our culture model via scanning electron microscopy, a technique allowing surface observation of micromorphological features overlooked by conventional microscopy. In uncultured kidney, different developmental stages of nephron formation were identified. A sparse population of short microvilli was present on most cell apical membranes. Cell outlines were polygonal and demarcated by longer and densely packed microvilli. In proximal tubules, these microvilli were in the process of forming a brush border. In the majority of cells, one or two cilia with twisted or hooked tips projected into the capsular space or tubule lumen. Microcraters and bleb‐like structures characterized the luminal membrane of many cells. The urinary papilla epithelium was composed of some ciliated principal cells but mostly of intercalated cells with either apical microplicae, microvilli, or both. Microprojections formed zipper‐like intercellular junctions. In culture, ultrastructural features, including membrane pits and spherical vesicles, Were similar to those in uncultured explants. In summary, these novel observations in cultured fetal kidney indicate that ultrastructural integrity is well preserved in serum‐free medium and that the present model is a valuable tool to study human nephrogenesis. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of bombesin and gastrin‐releasing peptide on human bronchial epithelial cells from a series of donors: Individual variation and modulation by bombesin analogs
Authors: Siegfried Jill M. , Guentert Paul J. , Gaither Autumn L. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractHuman pulmonary neuroendocrine cells produce a variety of hormones, including mammalian bombesin (BN) or gastrin‐releasing peptide (GRP). Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and increased release of BN‐like peptides occur in several diseases of the airways, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Growth stimulation of human bronchial epithelial cells by BN, as measured in a colony‐forming assay, has been reported previously (Willey et al.: Exp. Cell Res. 153:245–248, 1984). In a follow‐up to this report, we examined the response of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells to BN or GRP in a similar system, using cells derived from 13 human tissue donors. A stimulatory response (increased colony‐forming efficiency) was found in cultures from 8 donors, including 3 with COPD. Statistical significance was found for the data from 5 of these 8 donors. The other 5 donors, 1 normal and 4 lung cancer patients, showed inhibition of colony formation by BN or GRP. Statistical significance was found for 3 of these donors. The ability of BN analogs to modulate BN stimulation was examined in cells from a donor with COPD. [ψLeu13, Leu14] BN(1–14), a BN antagonist, blocked the stimulation induced by BN. [D‐Cpa6, ψLeu13,Phe14] BN(6–14), a mixed agonist‐antagonist, showed partial agonist activity in HBE cells. [D‐Phe1, Leu8,9] Litorin, an agonist, also showed agonist activity in a colony‐forming assay with cells from these donors. These results indicate that responsiveness to BN/GRP may vary widely in the human population. Responsiveness may be heightened in disease states involving a proliferation of neuroendocrine cells. Analogs to BN or GRP may have potential in modulating responses to neuropeptides in the human lung. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrastructural localization of a nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein in spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa
Authors: Lee Young H. , G. O'Rand Michael 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThis study demonstrates the ultrastructural localization of rabbit nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (NASP) in spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa. NASP is present in rabbits, rats, mice, and human testes and spermatozoa. It has recently been sequenced in rabbits and humans and characterized as an acidic, histone binding protein. Currently it has been proposed that NASP may play a role in regulating early events of spermatogenesis through its ability to bind and translocate testicular histone variants to nucleosomes. The ultrastructural localization of NASP confirms that it is initially present in primary spermatocytes in their Golgi regions and nucleus. In round spermatids it is present in the nucleus as well as in the acrosome and subacrosomal space. In later spermatids, testicular spermatozoa, and ejaculated spermatozoa, NASP is concentrated over the nucleus, although some is still present in the acrosome. It is likely that NASP would be carried into the ovum with the sperm nucleus at fertilization. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Localization of glycogen synthase activity in liver of fasted normal and adrenalectomized rats after injection of dexamethasone
Authors: Michaels John E. , Cardell Robert R. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractHepatic glycogen synthase activity was localized in normal and adrenalectomized (ADX) rats after fasting overnight and in fasted ADX rats after injection of dexamethasone (DEX) 2–8 h prior to sacrifice to stimulate glycogen synthesis. Cryostat sections were incubated in medium containing substrate to demonstrate glycogen synthase activity as indicated by glycogen synthesized during incubation. Sections from fasted normal rats showed limited dispersed glycogen synthase activity in both periportal and centrilobular regions. In contrast, activity for glycogen synthase in hepatocytes from fasted ADX rats appeared as large aggregates in random hepatocytes throughtout the lobule. Two hours after injection of DEX the reaction product appeared as aggregates in some hepatocytes, but other cells revealed dispersed enzyme activity. Glycogen synthase activity was evident in more hepatocytes after 4 h treatment with DEX and after 8 h virtually all hepatocytes contained abundant reaction product. The results suggest that synthase activity becomes concentrated in limited regions of selected hepatocytes in fasted ADX rats. DEX stimulation of glycogen synthesis for 4–8 h results in increased enzyme activity. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of maternal bilateral ureteral ligation on fetal development of kidney in rats: Morphometrical changes in glomerular components
Authors: Okada Toshiya , Morikawa Yoshio 
Published: February 2005

AbstractDevelopment of the glomerulus in fetal kidney was studied morphometrically following ligation of both ureters of pregnant rats. The ligation was performed on days 17, 19, and 21 of gestation, and autopsy was done 24 hr after each operation. The percentage volumes of the five glomerular components (epithelial cells, capillary, mesangium, glomerular basement membrane, and Bowman's space) were determined by point counting, and the surface area of glomerular basement membrane per unit volume of glomerulus was calculated by intercept counting. On fetal days 18, 20, and 22, percentage volume of Bowman's space in the fetuses from the ligated mothers was significantly smaller than that in the fetuses from sham‐ligated mothers. On fetal days 20 and 22, surface area of glomerular basement membrane and glomerular capillary length per unit volume of glomerulus and percentage of glomerular capillary volume in the fetuses from the ligated mothers were significantly larger than those in the fetuses from sham‐ligated mothers. These results suggest that maternal bilateral ureteral ligation induces an increase in filtration area of glomerulus in fetal kidney when the fetal kidney is functional. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.