bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unusual Tropical Cyclone Tracks under the Influence of Upper-Tropospheric Cold Low
Authors: Li Han , Yan Ziyu , Peng Melinda , Ge Xuyang , Wang Zhuo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tropical cyclones (TCs) accompanied by an upper-tropospheric cold low (CL) can experience unusual tracks. Idealized simulations resembling observed scenarios are designed in this study to investigate the impacts of a CL on TC tracks. The sensitivity of the TC motion to its location relative to the CL is examined. The results show that a TC follows a counterclockwise semicircle track if initially located east of a CL, while a TC experiences a small southward-looping track, followed by a sudden northward turn if initially located west of a CL. A TC on the west side experiences opposing CL and β steering, while they act in the same direction when a TC is on the east side of CL. The steering flow analyses show that the steering vector is dominated by upper-level flow induced by the CL at an early stage. The influence of CL extends downward and contributes to the lower-tropospheric asymmetric flow pattern of TC. As these two systems approach, the TC divergent outflow erodes the CL. The CL circulation is deformed and eventually merged with the TC when they are close. Since the erosion of CL, the TC motion is primarily related to β gyres at a later stage. The sensitivity of TC motion to the CL depth is also examined. TCs located west of a CL experience a westward track if the CL is shallow. In contrast, TCs initially located east of a CL all take a smooth track irrespective of the CL depth, and the CL depth mainly influences the track curvature and the TC translation speed.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this study is to better understand how an upper-tropospheric cold low affects the motion of a nearby tropical cyclone. Our findings highlight distinct track patterns based on the relative positions of the tropical cyclone and the cold low. When the tropical cyclone is located on the east side of a cold low, a mutual rotation occurs, leading to a counterclockwise semicircle track of tropical cyclone. Conversely, if the tropical cyclone is located to the west side of a cold low, the cold low approaches and captures it, resulting in an abrupt northward turn when the cold low is eroded by the tropical cyclone. These insights improve the predictability of tropical cyclones in the vicinity of cold lows.
Evolution of Wolbachia reproductive and nutritional mutualism: insights from the genomes of two novel strains that double infect the pollinator of dioecious Ficus hirta
Authors: Liu Wanzhen , Xia Xue , Hoffmann Ary A. , Ding Yamei , Fang Ji-Chao , Yu Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWolbachiais a genus of maternally inherited endosymbionts that can affect reproduction of their hosts and influence metabolic processes. The pollinator,Valisia javana, is common in the male syconium of the dioecious figFicus hirta. Based on a high-quality chromosome-levelV. javanagenome with PacBio long-read and Illumina short-read sequencing, we discovered a sizeable proportion ofWolbachiasequences and used these to assemble two novelWolbachiastrains belonging to supergroup A. We explored its phylogenetic relationship with describedWolbachiastrains based on MLST sequences and the possibility of induction of CI (cytoplasmic incompatibility) in this strain by examining the presence ofcifgenes known to be responsible for CI in other insects. We also identified mobile genetic elements including prophages and insertion sequences, genes related to biotin synthesis and metabolism. A total of two prophages and 256 insertion sequences were found. The prophage WOjav1 is cryptic (structure incomplete) and WOjav2 is relatively intact. IS5 is the dominant transposon family. At least three pairs of type Icifgenes with three copies were found which may cause strong CI although this needs experimental verification; we also considered possible nutritional effects of theWolbachiaby identifying genes related to biotin production, absorption and metabolism. This study provides a resource for further studies ofWolbachia-pollinator-host plant interactions.
Association of triglyceride-glucose index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with coronary artery disease
Authors: Zhang Bing , Peng Aihong , Li Shu , Li Fei , Wan Jing , Lu Jinping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
The present study aimed to investigate the association of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with coronary artery disease (CAD), and evaluate the cumulative value of TyG index and NLR in identifying CAD, as well as the severity of CAD.

Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 2867 patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) for the first time between January 2013 and June 2022 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. There were 2109 patients with CAD and 758 patients without CAD. The CAD patients were divided into two groups based on the median of Gensini score (mild stenosis CAD group: Gensini score < 26 points; severe stenosis CAD group: Gensini score ≥ 26 points). To further evaluate the cumulative value of TyG index and NLR in identifying CAD and CAD severity, all patients were classified into four groups based on median of TyG index and NLR: (1) the control group: patients with low-TyG and low-NLR; (2) isolated high-NLR group: patients with low-TyG and high- NLR; (3) isolated high- TyG group: patients with high-TyG and low- NLR; (4) high-TyG combined with high-NLR group: patients with high-TyG and high- NLR.

Results
Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that both the TyG index and NLR were independent risk factors for CAD, and they were also independent risk factors for severe stenosis in CAD (P < 0.05). Compared with the low-TyG and low- NLR group, patients in high-TyG and high- NLR group had a 1.418 times higher odds ratio (OR) of having CAD and a 1.692 times higher OR of having severe stenosis in CAD in the multivariable logistic regression model. It is worth noting that the OR values of the high-TyG and high- NLR group were higher than those of the isolated high-NLR group and the isolated high- TyG group. The ROC analysis showed that the combination of the TyG index and NLR was superior to TyG index or NLR in predicting CAD and CAD severity.

Conclusion
Compared to TyG index or NLR, the combination of the TyG index and NLR is beneficial to improve the diagnostic accuracy of CAD and CAD severity.
Association of LDL-cholesterol subfractions with cardiovascular disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Chary Abdolreza , Tohidi Maryam , Hedayati Mehdi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the association between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions and cardiovascular disorders.

Methods
To ensure the rigor of the systematic review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. For this systematic review, a comprehensive search strategy was performed in important databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, International Statistical Institute (ISI) Web of Science, and google scholar from 2009 to February 2021. The following terms were used for systematic search: low-density lipoprotein, LDL, subfractions, subclasses, nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR, chromatography, high-pressure liquid, HPLC, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular disease. Also, for evaluating the risk of bias, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was employed.

Results
At the end of the search process, 33 articles were included in this study. The results of most of the evaluated studies revealed that a higher LDL particle number was consistently associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, independent of other lipid measurements. Also, small dense LDL was associated with an increased risk of CVDs. There was no association between LDL subfraction and CVDs in a small number of studies.

Conclusions
Overall, it seems that the evaluation of LDL subclasses can be used as a very suitable biomarker for the assessment and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, further studies are required to identify the mechanisms involved.
Reinfection rates, change in antibody titers and adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination among patients previously infected with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines: a secondary analysis of a completed cohort study
Authors: Tan-Lim Carol Stephanie C. , Gonzales Ma. Liza Antoinette M. , Dans Leonila F. , Cordero Cynthia P. , Alejandria Marissa M. , dela Paz Eva C. Cutiongco , Dator Melissa A. , Infantado-Alejandro Myzelle Anne J. , Sulit Maria Vanessa V. , Lansang Mary Ann D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Variation in immune response to COVID-19 vaccines is observed among different ethnicities. We aimed to describe the reinfection rates, change in antibody titers, and adverse events among Filipinos.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of a cohort study of 307 participants within one year of having COVID-19 infection. We measured COVID-19 antibody levels at pre-determined timepoints (Days 21, 90, 180, 270, and 360 from initial infection). We monitored for COVID-19 symptoms and obtained details on COVID-19 vaccination. An adjudication committee classified the participants as probable, possible, or unlikely COVID-19 reinfection. We determined the probable reinfection rate, adverse events, and the geometric mean titer (GMT) ratio of pre- and post-vaccination antibody levels according to type and brand of COVID-19 vaccine.

Results
At the end of the follow-up period, 287 (93.5%) out of 307 study participants were fully vaccinated, 1 was partially vaccinated (0.3%), and 19 were unvaccinated (6.2%). Among the fully vaccinated participants, those given mRNA vaccines had the lowest reinfection rate (19.2 cases/100 person-years, 95% CI 9.6, 38.4), followed by viral vector vaccines (29.8 cases/100 person-years, 95% CI 16.9, 52.4). We observed the highest reinfection rate among those given inactivated virus vaccines (32.7 cases/100 person-years, 95% CI 23.6, 45.3). The reinfection rate was 8.6 cases/100 person-years (95% CI 4.1, 17.9) for unvaccinated participants and 3.6 cases/100 person-years (95% CI 0.5, 25.3) for partially vaccinated participants. We observed the largest rise in antibody titers among those given mRNA vaccines (GMT ratio 288.5), and the smallest rise among those given inactivated virus vaccines (GMT ratio 16.7). We observed the highest percentage of adverse events following immunization with viral vector vaccines (63.8%), followed by mRNA vaccines (62.7%), and the lowest for inactivated virus vaccines (34.7%). No serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusion
Vaccinees given the mRNA vaccines had the lowest reinfection rate and the highest rise in antibody titers. Vaccinees given inactivated virus vaccines had the highest reinfection rate, smallest rise in antibody titers, and lowest percentage of adverse events. The small sample size and imbalanced distribution of the type of vaccines received limits the external generalizability of our results.

Study Registration
The cohort study was registered at the Philippine Health Research Registry on December 14, 2020 (PHRR201214-003199).
Dietary pattern and other factors of breast cancer among women: a case control study in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Fentie Hiwot , Ntenda Peter Austin Morton , Tiruneh Fentanesh Nibret 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Breast cancer is presently the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, and it stands as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Notably, breast cancer rates have seen a significant increase in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. Several risk factors contribute to breast cancer, some of which can be modified, while others are inherent. Promoting a healthier diet is strongly encouraged as a preventive measure against breast cancer. However, it’s noteworthy that no previous research has investigated the connection between dietary patterns and the risk of breast cancer among Ethiopian women. Therefore, the primary objective of the current study is to examine the relationship between dietary patterns, socioeconomic and behavior factors associated with breast cancer in Ethiopian women.

Methods
A case-control study was conducted at an institution in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia, involving 260 women, comprising 86 cases and 174 controls. We administered a standardized and validated questionnaire to assess a range of sociodemographic, reproductive, clinical, lifestyle, and dietary characteristics through face-to-face interviews. To analyze the differences between the cases and controls, we employed the Chi-square test. Furthermore, we assessed the relationships between these variables using binary multivariate logistic regression. To measure the association between variables, we utilized odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that participants in the younger age group had significantly lower odds of developing breast cancer (AOR = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.00-0.91) compared to those in the older age group. Additionally, women who breastfed their children for shorter durations were 3.66 times more likely to develop breast cancer (AOR = 3.66; 95% CI: 2.78–6.89) than those who breastfed for longer periods. Furthermore, women with sedentary lifestyles faced a significantly higher risk of breast cancer, with odds 10.53 times greater (AOR = 10.53; 95% CI: 5.21–21.36) than their counterparts who engaged in moderate or highly active lifestyles. Lastly, participants who had previously undergone chest therapy were 6.43 times more likely to develop breast cancer (AOR = 6.43; 95% CI: 3.20–13.90) compared to those who had not.

Conclusions
Breast cancer prevention interventions, including breastfeeding counseling and increased physical activity should be recognized as a central strategy for lowering breast cancer risk. Furthermore, healthcare providers should aim to minimize exposure to chest radiation therapy.
Opioid use disorder in two samples of the Lebanese population: scale validation and correlation with sleep and mood disorders
Authors: Chamoun Karam , Mouawad Joseph , Salameh Pascale , Sacre Hala , Haddad Ramzi , Khabbaz Lydia Rabbaa , Megarbane Bruno , Hajj Aline 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The revised Opioid Risk Tool (ORT-OUD) is a brief, self-report scale designed to provide clinicians with a simple, validated method to screen for the risk of developing an Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) in patients without a prior history of substance abuse. This study aimed to translate and validate the Arabic version of ORT-OUD in the Lebanese population and assess its clinical validity in a sample of patients with OUD.

Methods
This cross-sectional study in the Lebanese population used several validated scales to assess the risk of OUD, including the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Other tools evaluated chronotype and sleep and mood disturbances. Principal component analysis with Varimax rotation was applied to assess ORT-OUD construct validity. Convergent validity with the Arabic version of ASSIST was evaluated. The ORT-OUD criterion validity was then assessed in a clinical sample of patients with OUD.

Results
This study included 581 participants. The prevalence of the OUD risk in the Lebanese population using the ORT-OUD scale and the ASSIST-opioids scale was estimated at 14.5% and 6.54%, respectively. No items of the ORT-OUD were removed; all items converged over a solution of four factors with an eigenvalue > 1, explaining a total of 68.2% of the variance (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.648). The correlation coefficients between the ORT-OUD total score and ASSIST subscales were as follows: ASSIST-opioids (r = 0.174; p = < 0.001), ASSIST-sedatives (r = 0.249; p < 0.001), and ASSIST-alcohol (r = 0.161; p = < 0.001). ORT-OUD clinical validation showed a correlation with ASSIST-opioids (r = 0.251; p = 0.093) and ASSIST-sedatives (r = 0.598; p < 0.001). Higher ORT-OUD scores were associated with a family and personal history of alcohol and substance consumption and higher insomnia and anxiety scores.

Conclusions
This study is the first to validate the Arabic version of ORT-OUD in the Lebanese population, an essential step towards improving the detection and management of OUD in this population.
Association of serum copper (Cu) with cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality in a general population: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Xiaozhong , Ling Jitao , Hu Qingwen , Fang Changchang , Mei Kaibo , Wu Yifan , Huang Jingyi , Ling Qin , Chen Yixuan , Yu Peng , Liu Xiao , Li Juxiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Copper (Cu) homeostasis and Cu-induced cell death are gaining recognition as crucial processes in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Circulating Cu associated with CVD and mortality is yet to be fully elucidated.

Objective
This national prospective cohort study is to estimate relationship between serum Cu and the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality.

Methods
This study included participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2016. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and exposure-response curves were applied.

Results
This included 5,412 adults, representing 76,479,702 individuals. During a mean of 5.85 years of follow-up (31,653 person-years), 96 CVD and 356 all-cause mortality events occurred. Age and sex-adjusted survival curves showed that individuals with higher levels of serum Cu experienced increased CVD and all-cause death rates (tertiles, p < 0.05). Compared with the participant in tertile 1 of serum Cu (< 16.31 mol/L), those in tertile 3 (≥ 19.84 mol/L) were significantly associated with CVD mortality (HR: 7.06, 95%CI: 1.85,26.96), and all-cause mortality (HR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.66,4.87). The dose-response curve indicated a linear relationship between serum Cu and CVD mortality (p -nonlinear = 0.48) and all-cause (p -nonlinear = 0.62). A meta-analysis included additional three prospective cohorts with 13,189 patients confirmed the association between higher serum Cu and CVD (HR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.63,2.65) and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.89, 95%CI: 1.58,2.25).

Conclusion
The present study suggests excessive serum Cu concentrations are associated with the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in American adults. Our findings and the causal relationships require further investigation.

Graphical Abstract
Application of tip-bendable ureteral access sheath in flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy: an initial experience of 224 cases
Authors: Liang Hui , Liang Lijian , Lin Yiwei , Yu Yin , Xu Xiaoling , Liang Zihao , Sheng Jinmin , Shen Baihua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
During the last decades, the advent of flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy has revolutionized the management of upper urinary tract stones. We designed a patented tip-bendable ureteral access sheath to facilitate stone clearance. Our current study reported our initial experience of 224 cases.

Materials and methods
The study is a descriptive, retrospective analysis. The initial 224 cases, operated consecutively by one surgeon during 16 months, were reviewed. The novel tip-bendable ureteral access sheath was applied in the procedure. Demographics, laboratory tests, and peri- and postoperative findings (operation duration, stone-free rate (SFR), utilization of flexible instruments and complications) were analyzed.

Resutls
The median age of the patients was 56 years and the mean stones size was 2.3 ± 1.3 cm. There were 63 cases of upper ureteral stone, 93cases of renal stone and 68 cases of ureteral-renal stones. The mean operative time was 69.2 ± 65.2 min. The immediate stone-free rate was 76.8% and the 1 month post-operative stone-free rate was 97.3%. Most cases(95.5%)were success in single session. Two patient experienced post-operative fever. There was no unplanned readmission. The frequency of post-operative complications was estimated at 0.89% (Clavien I).

Conclusion
Flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy with tip-bendable ureteral access sheath is a safe and effective procedure, which can achieve excellent stone clearance.
Clinical predictors and significance of adherent periadrenal fat in laparoscopic adrenalectomy
Authors: Olcucuoglu Erkan , Senel Samet , Uzun Emre , Ceviz Kazim , Gultekin Huseyin , Arabaci Hasan Batuhan , Koudonas Antonios , Aydin Cevdet 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Adrenalectomy requires the anatomic preparation of the adrenal gland in the fat-rich retroperitoneal space. In the literature, it was shown that the retroperitoneal fat area affects surgical outcomes in laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA). Besides the quantity of retroperitoneal fat, its qualitative properties play hypothetically a significant role in the safety profile and perioperative parameters of LA. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the factors associated with adherent periadrenal fat.

Methods
The prospectively obtained demographic, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data of 44 patients who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy in our clinic were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups as adherent periadrenal fat (APAF) and non-APAF group. Periadrenal fat tissue was defined as adherent or non-adherent by the attending surgeon according to the difficulty in dissection of the adrenal gland from the surrounding fat tissue during the operation.

Results
The rate of female gender and presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was higher in the APAF group (respectively, p = 0.038 and p = 0.001). A ROC curve analysis showed that the cut-off point was − 97 HU for APAF. On multivariable analysis using a stepwise regression model, we identified the presence of DM (OR = 5.073; 95% Cl = 2.192–12.387; p = 0.006) and ARFD > -97 HU (OR = 3.727; 95% Cl = 1.898–11.454; p = 0.008) as an independent predictor of APAF.

Conclusion
APAF seems to affect the perioperative outcomes of LA in terms of operation duration but not perioperative complications.