bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Criminal convictions in males and females diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A Swedish national registry study
Authors: Ångström Anna‐Karin , Andersson Anneli , Garcia‐Argibay Miguel , Chang Zheng , Lichtenstein Paul , D’Onofrio Brian M. , Tuvblad Catherine , Ghirardi Laura , Larsson Henrik 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face an elevated risk of criminal convictions compared to those without ADHD. However, understanding this link involves considering sex differences, coexisting psychiatric conditions, and unmeasured familial factors. This study aimed to explore the connection between ADHD and criminal convictions (both violent and non‐violent) in males and females, while also assessing the impact of comorbid psychiatric disorders and familial factors.MethodsUsing Swedish national registers, we identified individuals born between 1986 and 1997 (635,391 males and 600,548 females). ADHD was defined through clinical diagnosis and prescribed medications, while criminal convictions were determined based on Swedish lower court records. Unmeasured familial factors were accounted for using a sibling design approach.ResultsFindings revealed that individuals with ADHD had a notably higher absolute and relative risk of both violent and non‐violent criminal convictions compared to those without ADHD. While criminal convictions were more frequent among males with ADHD, females with ADHD exhibited higher relative risks (HR violent 10.50, non‐violent 4.04) than their male counterparts (HR violent 6.03, non‐violent 3.57). Additionally, lower socioeconomic status (SES) in individuals with ADHD was associated with increased relative risks for criminal convictions compared to individuals with ADHD who had higher SES. Adjusting for childhood and internalizing psychiatric disorders partially attenuated these associations, while substance use disorders (SUD) substantially attenuated them. SUD also contributed to an elevated absolute risk of criminal convictions in both male and female individuals with ADHD. Accounting for unmeasured shared familial factors slightly reduced the estimates, but the association between ADHD and criminal convictions persisted.ConclusionIn conclusion, ADHD remains a potent independent risk factor for criminal convictions, with varying effects based on gender. This underscores the importance of tailored crime prevention strategies and early interventions for individuals with ADHD, especially when comorbid SUD is present.
Specific Alterations in Brain White Matter Networks and Their Impact on Clinical Function in Pediatric Patients With Thoracolumbar Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Yang Beining , Zheng Weimin , Wang Ling , Jia Yulong , Qi Qunya , Xin Haotian , Wang Yu , Liang Tengfei , Chen Xin , Chen Qian , Li Baowei , Du Jubao , Hu Yongsheng , Lu Jie , Chen Nan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe alternation of brain white matter (WM) network has been studied in adult spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. However, the WM network alterations in pediatric SCI patients remain unclear.PurposeTo evaluate WM network changes and their functional impact in children with thoracolumbar SCI (TSCI).Study TypeProspective.SubjectsThirty‐five pediatric patients with TSCI (8.94 ± 1.86 years, 8/27 males/females) and 34 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls (HCs) participated in this study.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/DTI imaging using spin‐echo echo‐planar and T1‐weighted imaging using 3D T1‐weighted magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient‐echo sequence.AssessmentPediatric SCI patients were evaluated for motor and sensory scores, injury level, time since injury, and age at injury. The WM network was constructed using a continuous tracing method, resulting in a 90 × 90 matrix. The global and regional metrics were obtained to investigate the alterations of the WM structural network. topology.Statistical TestsTwo‐sample independent t‐tests, chi‐squared test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, and Spearman correlation. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsCompared with HCs, pediatric TSCI patients displayed decreased shortest path length (Lp = 1.080 ± 0.130) and normalized Lp (λ = 5.020 ± 0.363), and increased global efficiency (Eg = 0.200 ± 0.015). Notably, these patients also demonstrated heightened regional properties in the orbitofrontal cortex, limbic system, default mode network, and several audio‐visual‐related regions. Moreover, the λ and Lp values negatively correlated with sensory scores. Conversely, nodal efficiency values in the right calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex positively correlated with sensory scores. The age at injury positively correlated with node degree in the left parahippocampal gyrus and nodal efficiency in the right posterior cingulate gyrus.Data ConclusionReorganization of the WM networks in pediatric SCI patients is indicated by increased global and nodal efficiency, which may provide promising neuroimaging biomarkers for functional assessment of pediatric SCI.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 5
Edge‐Type Hyperintense Intracranial Artery Plaque: A Potential MRI Biomarker of Stroke Recurrence
Authors: Li Hongxia , Chen Sui , Liu Jia , Li Yingle , Zhou Changsheng , Guo Bangjun , Tang Chunxiang , Liu Quanhui , Zhi Beibei , Zhang Longjiang , Zhang Zhiqiang , Cheng Xiaoqing , Lu Guangming 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundIdentifying patients at high risk of stroke recurrence is important for stroke prevention and treatment.PurposeTo explore the characteristics of T1 hyperintense plaques (HIP) and their relationship with stroke recurrence in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS).Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationOne hundred fifty‐seven patients with moderate‐to‐severe (≥50%) nonocclusive sICAS and MRI studies (42 females and 115 males, mean age 58.69 ± 10.68 years).Field Strength/Sequence3D higher‐resolution black‐blood T1‐weighted fast‐spin‐echo sequence at 3.0 T.AssessmentHIP (signal intensity [SI] of plaque‐to‐adjacent gray matter >1.0 on non‐contrast T1‐weighted images) and non‐HIP plaques were identified. HIP plaques were categorized as edge type (high SI adjacent to lumen) and non‐edge type (high SI within plaque). Clinical and imaging features of different plaque types were compared. Stroke recurrence was assessed through telephone or medical records at 3 and 6 months, and then once a year post‐MRI. The relationship between edge type and non‐edge types HIP with stroke recurrence was analyzed.Statistical TestsStudent's t test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, chi square test and Fisher's exact test to compare features between plaque types. Kaplan–Meier curves (with log‐rank tests) and Cox proportional hazards regression to assess relationship between stroke recurrence and different plaque types. A two‐tailed P‐value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOf 157 culprit lesions, 87 (55%) were HIPs (43 edge type, 44 non‐edge type) and 70 (45%) were non‐HIPs. Plaque thickness, area, and volume were significantly higher for HIPs than for non‐HIPs. Among patients with HIPs, edge type was significantly more likely in the posterior circulation (53.5% vs. 27.3%), and had significantly higher plaque thickness, length, area, volume, plaque burden, and remodeling index than non‐edge type. Edge‐type HIP was significantly more common than non‐edge HIP in patients with diabetes mellitus (51.2% vs. 29.5%) and dyslipidemia (79.1% vs. 54.5%). During median follow‐up of 27 months, 33 patients experienced stroke recurrence. Recurrence was associated with edge‐type HIP (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.83; 95% confidence interval: 1.40–5.69), both in the overall cohort (34.9% vs. 15.8%) and in patients with HIP (34.9% vs. 9.0%). Age ≥60 years and edge‐type HIP had a significant interaction.Data ConclusionsHyperintense plaque may be categorized as edge type or non‐edge type. Edge‐type HIP may be a potential MRI biomarker of stroke recurrence.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Propensity‐score matched comparison of renal and neurohormonal effects of catheter ablation for frequent premature ventricular contractions in patients with and without systolic dysfunction
Authors: Hiroki Jiro , Mizukami Akira , Ueshima Daisuke , Mashiki Jun , Miyakuni Shota , Kono Toshikazu , Ono Maki , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Matsumura Akihiko , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation (CA) for premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) restores cardiac and renal functions in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); however, its effects on preserved EF remain unelucidated.MethodsThe study cohort comprised 246 patients with a PVC burden of >10% on Holter electrocardiography. Using propensity matching, we compared the changes in B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients who underwent CA or did not.ResultsPostoperative BNP levels were decreased significantly in the CA group, regardless of the degree of LVEF, whereas there was no change in those of the non‐CA group. Among patients who underwent CA, BNP levels decreased from 44.1 to 33.0 pg/mL in those with LVEF ≥50% (p = .002) and from 141.0 to 87.9 pg/mL in those with LVEF <50% (p < .001). Regarding eGFR, postoperative eGFR was significantly improved in the CA group of patients with LVEF ≥50% (from 71.4 to 74.7 mL/min/1.73 m2, p = .006), whereas it decreased in the non‐CA group. A similar trend was observed in the group with a reduced LVEF. Adjusted for propensity score matching, there was a significant decrease in the BNP level and recovery of eGFR after CA in patients with LVEF >50%.ConclusionsThis study showed that CA for frequent PVCs decreases BNP levels and increases eGFR even in patients with preserved LVEF.
The influence of tourists' emotional experiences on destination loyalty from the perspective of community economy
Authors: Li Xiubai , Yuan Yuan , Zhang Jihao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCommunity research has been a significant topic in various fields over time. This study (a) constructs a structural equation model for hypothetical community relationships between six factors: tourist interaction, positive emotional experience, general emotional experience, tourists' subjective well‐being, tourist satisfaction, and tourist destination loyalty, and (b) examines the impact of tourists' emotional experiences on their destination loyalty by taking community members as the main survey objects. The results show that tourist emotional experiences have a positive impact on tourists' loyalty. Finally, taking Guilin's evolution into a world‐class tourism city as an example, we propose suggestions on the development of community tourism.
A case of chronic pruritus developing at a noninjured nerve area in a patient with spinal cord injury: Role of protein gene product 9.5
Authors: Adachi Akimasa , Komine Mayumi , Murata Satoru , Ohtsuki Mamitaro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA patient in her 60s with spinal cord injury developed pruriginous lesion only in a nerve‐noninjured area, although erythema resulting from scratching was also prominent in a nerve‐injured lesion. The area of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5)‐positive nerve fibres within the nerve‐injured lesion was significantly reduced compared with the nerve‐noninjured area. This case suggests an essential role for PGP 9.5‐positive nerve fibres in the development of chronic pruritus.
miR‐107‐5p ameliorates neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses in mice with Alzheimer's disease by suppressing the Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor‐kappaB(NF‐κB) pathway
Authors: Hu Guang‐Jun , Jiang Xiao‐Yang , Du Si‐Yu , Zhang Kun , Chen Zhuo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressively debilitating neurodegenerative condition primarily affecting the elderly. Emerging research suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the development of AD. This study investigates the impact of miR‐107‐5p on neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses in AD. We utilized APP/PS1 mice as AD mouse models and C57BL/6 J mice as controls. AD mice received treatment with agomir miR‐107‐5p (to overexpress miR‐107‐5p) or BAY11‐7082 (an NF‐κB pathway inhibitor). We evaluated learning and memory abilities through the Morris water maze test. Histopathological changes, hippocampal neuron distribution, and apoptosis were assessed using hematoxylin–eosin, Nissl, and TUNEL staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, amyloid‐Aβ (Aβ1‐40/42) contents, and inflammatory factors (TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β) in hippocampal tissues were measured using ROS kits and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Microglial activation in hippocampal tissues was observed under a fluorescence microscope. miR‐107‐5p's binding to TLR4 was predicted via the TargetScan database and confirmed through a dual‐luciferase assay. miR‐107‐5p expression, along with TLR4, APOE, and TREM2 in hippocampal tissue homogenate, and NF‐κB p65 protein expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm were assessed via RT‐qPCR and Western blot. Overexpression of miR‐107‐5p ameliorated hippocampal neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses. This was evidenced by improved enhanced learning/memory abilities, reduced Aβ1‐40 and Aβ1‐42 levels, diminished neuronal injuries, decreased ROS and TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β levels, increased APOE and TREM2 levels, and suppressed microglial activation. miR‐107‐5p directly targeted and inhibited TLR4 expression, leading to reduced nuclear translocation of NF‐κB p65 in the NF‐κB pathway. Inhibition of the NF‐κB pathway similarly improved neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune response in AD mice. miR‐107‐5p exerts its beneficial effects by suppressing the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway, ultimately ameliorating neurological damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses in AD mice.
Is AI giving us more than we can or even should handle?
Authors: Hetzscholdt Pascal 
Published: January 2024

Key points
Artificial intelligence (AI)'s dual functionalities in scholarly publishing raise ethical and practical concerns.
Chatbots, much more than AI‐driven search engines, have the potential to distort information and disseminate false truths and flawed science.
The role of AI in scholarly publishing needs to be critically examined.
SrGa2B2O7: Bi3+, M+ (M = Li, Na, K), Novel Deep‐Blue Phosphors with High Quantum Yields and Negative Thermal Quenching for High‐Quality White LED
Authors: Yang Shuai , Lai Junhua , Zhao Yanjie , Yang Jianying , Li Fei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLuminescent materials with emissions at specific wavelengths, which have a relatively lower proportion of emissions in the solar spectrum, have great prospects for use in production and daily life. In this study, SrGaB2O7 deep‐blue phosphors doped with Bi3+ are synthesized, it has 430 nm deep‐blue emissions and a low proportion of emissions relative to 470–660 nm visible light in the solar spectrum. By co‐doping with alkali metal ions to compensate for the charge, the emission intensities and absolute quantum yields of the phosphors can be effectively improved. The SrGaB2O7:0.01Bi3+, 0.01K+ deep‐blue phosphor has a high quantum yield of 85% and negative thermal quenching properties. Moreover, the SrGaB2O7:0.01Bi3+, 0.01K+ deep‐blue phosphor can be packaged with different potting adhesives to form light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), exhibiting excellent luminescent performances and promising application prospects.
Transitioning from Subtyping to Precision Medicine in Parkinson's Disease: A Purpose‐Driven Approach
Authors: Marras Connie , Fereshtehnejad Seyed‐Mohammad , Berg Daniela , Bohnen Nicolaas I. , Dujardin Kathy , Erro Roberto , Espay Alberto J. , Halliday Glenda , Van Hilten Jacobus J. , Hu Michele T. , Jeon Beomseok , Klein Christine , Leentjens Albert F.G. , Mollenhauer Brit , Postuma Ronald B. , Rodríguez‐Violante Mayela , Simuni Tanya , Weintraub Daniel , Lawton Michael , Mestre Tiago A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) created a task force (TF) to provide a critical overview of the Parkinson's disease (PD) subtyping field and develop a guidance on future research in PD subtypes. Based on a literature review, we previously concluded that PD subtyping requires an ultimate alignment with principles of precision medicine, and consequently novel approaches were needed to describe heterogeneity at the individual patient level. In this manuscript, we present a novel purpose‐driven framework for subtype research as a guidance to clinicians and researchers when proposing to develop, evaluate, or use PD subtypes. Using a formal consensus methodology, we determined that the key purposes of PD subtyping are: (1) to predict disease progression, for both the development of therapies (use in clinical trials) and prognosis counseling, (2) to predict response to treatments, and (3) to identify therapeutic targets for disease modification. For each purpose, we describe the desired product and the research required for its development. Given the current state of knowledge and data resources, we see purpose‐driven subtyping as a pragmatic and necessary step on the way to precision medicine. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Deciphering classification systems for neck pain—Understanding the content of classification systems to enhance physiotherapy management of neck pain
Authors: Gerard Thomas , Naye Florian , Langevin Pierre , Decary Simon , Cook Chad , Tousignant‐Laflamme Yannick 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeck pain is a prevalent and disabling condition. Conservative management of this condition has shown only moderate effects. A solution to improve treatment effectiveness is to sub‐group patients into a classification system (CS) that allows for more personalised care. However, current stratification methods have only shown short‐term efficacy for pain. Given the limitations of these tools, it is pertinent to understand how these CSs are composed to be able to propose alternative patient management solutions.ObjectiveTo identify and examine the different components of classification systems specific to patients with neck‐related conditions.MethodA systematic literature search was performed on 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus and CINAHL). Only systematic reviews, with or without meta‐analysis, and scoping reviews reporting CS with associated treatment for neck pain were included. Bias evaluation was performed through risk of bias in systematic review tools.ResultsFrom the search strategy, 741 citations were retrieved, and seven studies were included. From these studies, 37 CS with associated treatments were extracted. Mobilisations showed that 64% were constructed using physical findings, 61% of CS were guided by symptom modulation, 25% used results of self‐reported questionnaire, 14% used individual characteristics, 14% incorporated cognitive findings, 8% used neurological findings, 3% used results of medical diagnostic test, and 3% incorporated environmental findings. Fear‐avoidance beliefs was the only cognitive parameter considered among CS.ConclusionThis study shows that existing classification systems for neck pain are limited and lack coverage of all potential drivers of pain and disability. The lack of recognition of psychosocial and pain neuroscience parameters may partly explain the limited effectiveness of these tools.
Polymer‐based filaments with embedded magnetocaloric Ni‐Mn‐Ga Heusler alloy particles for additive manufacturing
Authors: Díaz‐García Álvaro , Law Jia Yan , Żrodowski Łukasz , Morończyk Bartosz , Wróblewski Rafał , Franco Victorino 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOne important issue associated to magnetocaloric materials that hinders its technological application is the poor processability and structural integrity of those with the highest performance, usually intermetallics undergoing first‐order magnetic phase transitions. Additionally, the performance of these magnetocaloric materials highly depends on the structural stability of the magnetocaloric phase, which is, in many cases, very sensitive to temperature and mechanical processes. Additive manufacturing via the extrusion of polymer‐based composites is regarded as a promising way to overcome these issues. A recently presented manufacturing method of encapsulating functional fillers into polymer capsules has been used to produce a composite filament with a large load of magnetocaloric off‐stoichiometric Ni2MnGa Heusler alloy fillers with a uniform distribution throughout the polymer matrix as demonstrated by x‐ray tomography characterization. The incorporation of these metallic particles causes changes in the thermal behavior of the polymer as well as an increase in the flowability of the composite with respect to the polymer at the same temperature. The increased flowability of the composites found during manufacturing can be compensated by lowering the extrusion temperatures, making this technique even more convenient for preserving the filler properties, which is an important concern when additive manufacturing magnetocaloric materials. This is confirmed by the magnetic and magnetocaloric behavior of the composites, with responses proportional to the fraction of fillers.Highlights
Ultrasonic‐atomization produces highly spherical Ni‐Mn‐Ga Heusler alloy particles.
Ni‐Mn‐Ga filled polymer capsules allow a direct extrusion of composites for AM.
X‐ray tomography shows uniform volumetric filler distribution within the filaments.
Decreased viscosity of the matrix favors the lowering of the processing temperature.
The low processing temperatures avoid altering the MCE of the alloy fillers.
Enhanced mechanical, electrical, thermal, and optical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/copper oxide nanocomposites for flexible optoelectronic devices via in‐situ polymerization technique
Authors: Anju R. , Ramesan Manammel Thankappan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with varied compositions of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles was synthesized using in‐situ free radical polymerization. UV–visible, FT‐IR, XRD, FE‐SEM, DSC, and TGA were employed to examine their structure, morphology, and thermal properties. The broadening and intensification of UV absorption, as well as the shift in IR peaks of PMMA with the addition of CuO, confirm their interactions. The reduction in optical bandgap values with the reinforcement of nanofillers confirms the existence of intermediate energy bands in nanocomposites. XRD indicated that polymerization with CuO reduced the amorphous nature of PMMA. The FE‐SEM image revealed that the dispersion of CuO altered the nonporous, rough surface of PMMA into a homogeneous shape. The reinforcement of CuO enhanced the thermal stability and glass transition temperature of PMMA. The mechanical strength, modulus, impact strength, and rigidity of PMMA were significantly improved through in‐situ polymerization. The electrical property analysis revealed that the AC conductivity increased with frequency, temperature, and filler content. The reduction in activation energy of AC conductivity with temperature points toward their semiconducting nature. PMMA/CuO nanocomposites with higher tensile strength, lower bandgap energy, higher conductivity, and thermal properties can be used to make flexible optoelectronic devices.Highlights
A series of PMMA/CuO nanocomposites were synthesized and characterized.
Enhanced optical property, thermal stability, and glass transition temperature.
Possess excellent dielectric constant and AC conductivity.
Mechanical strength and impact resistance of PMMA were greatly enhanced.
A promising material for flexible optoelectronic and power storage applications.