bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division Efflux System AdeDE in
Acinetobacter
Genomic DNA Group 3
Authors: Chau Sze-Lok , Chu Yiu-Wai , Houang Elizabeth T. S. 
Published: September 2004

ABSTRACT

Resistance-nodulation-cell division type efflux pump AdeDE was identified in acinetobacters belonging to genomic DNA group 3. Inactivation of
adeE
showed that it may be responsible for reduced susceptibility to amikacin, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, ethidium bromide, meropenem, rifampin, and tetracycline. However, unlike what was found for other similar efflux systems, the open reading frame for the outer membrane component was not found downstream of the
adeDE
gene cluster.
Sequential Therapy with Caspofungin and Fluconazole for
Candida albicans
Infection
Authors: Barchiesi Francesco , Spreghini Elisabetta , Baldassarri Isabella , Marigliano Anna , Arzeni Daniela , Giannini Daniele , Scalise Giorgio 
Published: September 2004

ABSTRACT

A sequential therapy of caspofungin (CAS) and fluconazole (FLC) administration for treatment of
Candida albicans
infection was investigated. Treatment with CAS followed by FLC was as effective as CAS treatment given alone for the same duration. Our data suggest that switching from CAS to FLC is a potentially explorable therapeutic option for treatment of systemic candidiasis.
Rapid Detection and Sequence-Specific Differentiation of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase GES-2 from
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
by Use of a Real-Time PCR Assay
Authors: Weldhagen Gerhard F. 
Published: September 2004

ABSTRACT

The LightCycler was compared to nested PCR for the detection of
bla
GES/IBC
genes from 100
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
clinical isolates. The real-time PCR assay detected a
bla
GES/IBC
gene product from 83 isolates, exhibiting a sensitivity and specificity of 94.3 and 100% respectively, compared to nested PCR and DNA sequencing.
Efficacy of Posaconazole in a Murine Model of Central Nervous System Aspergillosis
Authors: Imai Jackie K. , Singh Gaurav , Clemons Karl V. , Stevens David A. 
Published: September 2004

ABSTRACT
Human central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis has >90% mortality. We compared posaconazole with other antifungals for efficacy against murine CNS aspergillosis. All tested regimens of posaconazole were equivalent to those of amphotericin B and superior in prolonging survival and reducing CFU to those of itraconazole and caspofungin and to vehicle controls. No antifungal regimen effected cure. No toxicity was noted. Overall, posaconazole shows potential for treating CNS aspergillosis.
The Antiparasitic Compound Licochalcone A Is a Potent Echinocytogenic Agent That Modifies the Erythrocyte Membrane in the Concentration Range Where Antiplasmodial Activity Is Observed
Authors: Ziegler Hanne L. , Hansen Harald S. , Stærk Dan , Christensen Søren Brøgger , Hägerstrand Henry , Jaroszewski Jerzy W. 
Published: September 2004

ABSTRACT

The well-known antiparasitic compound licochalcone A is a potent membrane-active agent that transforms normal erythrocytes into echinocytes in parallel with the inhibition of growth of
Plasmodium falciparum
cultures, the in vitro antiplasmodial effect apparently being an indirect effect on the host cell. In vitro experiments with synchronous cultures demonstrate that inhibition of invasion is the principal mechanism of growth inhibition. The erythrocyte membrane-modifying effect was also transiently observed in vivo in mice after intravenous administration.
Current practice in the management of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in the United Kingdom: Figure 1
Authors: Kapoor B , Clement D J , Kirkley A , Maffulli N 
Published: September 2004

Objective:To outline the current practice in the management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in the United Kingdom.Methods:A postal questionnaire designed to include various clinical scenarios was sent out to the 321 orthopaedic surgeons in the United Kingdom who, being affiliated to one of the specialist societies of the British Orthopaedic Association, namely the British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) or the British Orthopaedic Sports Trauma Association (BOSTA), have a manifested interest in treating such injuries.Results:The response rate was 60% (192/321). Most surgeons diagnose and operate on less than 50 ACL injuries a year. The following results were obtained: 58% (76/132) use bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts, whereas 33% (44/132) use semitendinosis/gracilis autografts; 84% (108/129) would not incorporate the ACL remnant in the reconstruction; 14% (19/135) would perform an ACL reconstruction in an 8 year child with an acute rupture; 30% (42/141) would perform an ACL reconstruction in a 14 year old with an acute ACL rupture.Conclusions:There is wide variation in the management of acute and chronic ACL injuries among orthopaedic surgeons in the British Isles. Future research and randomised controlled trials should address the issues that this investigation has raised.
Acute hand and wrist injuries in experienced rock climbers
Authors: Logan A J , Makwana N , Mason G , Dias J 
Published: September 2004

Background:The sport of rock climbing has its own spectrum of injuries, almost half of which involve the wrist and hand.Objective:To examine the incidence of acute wrist and hand injuries in 545 members of The Climbers’ Club of Great Britain.Method:A total of 1100 questionnaires were sent to current members of The Climbers’ Club of Great Britain for them to detail any hand and wrist injuries sustained to date. In decade years, the climbing grades and time spent climbing at each grade were determined. From these results a total and historic climbing intensity score for each climber could be calculated.Results:Half of the questionnaires were returned complete. The respondents were almost entirely male. There were 235 wrist and hand injuries in 155 climbers (28%). The climbing intensity scores were significantly higher in the injury group than in those who had not suffered a wrist or hand injury (p<0.05). Finger tendon injuries were the most common injury, followed by abrasions/lacerations and fractures.Discussion:The most common injuries found in rock climbing involve the wrist and hand. The predominant injury to the hand involves the finger tendons or pulleys. The greater the climbing intensity calculated over a climber’s career, the greater the likelihood of sustaining these injuries.
Effect of positioning and bracing on passive position sense of shoulder joint
Authors: Ulkar B , Kunduracioglu B , Çetin C , Güner R S 
Published: September 2004

Objective:To examine the effects of positioning and sleeve type bracing on passive position sense of shoulder joints of healthy untrained subjects.Method:A cross over study was carried out on 26 subjects (13 male, 13 female) with a proprioception measurement device. The selected method of testing was passive reproduction of a target angle. Both shoulder joints of all the subjects were evaluated with and without a compressive neoprene sleeve type of brace at two different start positions (45° internal rotation, 75° external rotation) with an angular rotational movement at a constant speed of 0.5°/s. The angular displacements from the target angles at the end of the reproduction tests were recorded as position sense deficit scores.Results:The overall mean (SD) deficit score (0.99 (0.06)) was significantly (p<0.001) lower with the brace than without, and the overall mean deficit score was significantly (p<0.001) higher at the 45° internal rotation start position than at the 75° external rotation start position. However, there was no significant (p>0.05) interaction between brace application and start position.Conclusion:Terminal limits of range of motion facilitate the position sense of shoulder joints. Compressive brace application improves the passive positioning sense possibly by stimulating cutaneous mechanoreceptors.
No acute changes in postural control after soccer heading
Authors: Broglio S P , Guskiewicz K M , Sell T C , Lephart S M 
Published: September 2004

Background:Soccer heading has been proposed as a potential cause of cerebral dysfunction.Objective:To examine the acute effects of two types of soccer heading on postural control.Methods:Collegiate soccer players were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control, linear heading, simulated rotational heading, or rotational heading. Each subject completed a baseline postural stability assessment on day 1. On day 2 the same assessment was completed for the control subjects. The simulated rotational heading group completed a simulated heading drill before postural stability testing. The linear and rotational heading groups performed a heading drill with 20 balls at 88.71 km/h (55 mph), before postural stability testing. Separate one between (group), three within (surface, eyes, and day), mixed model, repeated measures analyses of variance were conducted on values for total sway and mean centre of pressure.Results:The mixed model analysis of variance of results showed no significant differences (p>0.05) for the interactions of interest for either variable. Results suggest no acute changes in measures of postural control in soccer players completing either a linear or rotational soccer heading drill of 20 balls at a fixed speed.Conclusion:Non-significant interactions between surface, eyes, day, and group indicate that sensory interaction of the balance mechanism components are not be compromised by the heading drill. This research supports previous studies suggesting that there are no acute risks associated with routine soccer heading. A direct comparison between these findings and those suggesting long term chronic deficits, however, cannot be made. Other studies that report chronic cerebral deficits in soccer players may have resulted from factors other than soccer heading and warrant further examination.
Are unilateral and bilateral patellar tendinopathy distinguished by differences in anthropometry, body composition, or muscle strength in elite female basketball players?
Authors: Gaida J E , Cook J L , Bass S L , Austen S , Kiss Z S 
Published: September 2004

Background:Overuse injury to the patellar tendon (patellar tendinopathy) is a major reason for interrupted training and competition for elite athletes. In both sexes, the prevalence of unilateral and bilateral tendinopathy has been shown to differ. It has been proposed that bilateral pathology may have a different aetiology from unilateral pathology. Investigation of risk factors that may be unique to unilateral and bilateral patellar tendinopathy in female athletes may reveal insights into the aetiology of this condition.Objectives:To examine whether anthropometry, body composition, or muscle strength distinguished elite female basketball players with unilateral or bilateral patellar tendinopathy.Methods:Body composition, anthropometry, and muscle strength were compared in elite female basketball players with unilateral (n  =  8), bilateral (n  =  7), or no (n  =  24) patellar tendinopathy. Body composition was analysed using a dual energyxray absorptiometer. Anthropometric measures were assessed using standard techniques. Knee extensor strength was measured at 180°/s using an isokinetic dynamometer. z scores were calculated for the unilateral and bilateral groups (using the no tendinopathy group as controls). z scores were tested against zero.Results:The tibia length to stature ratio was approximately 1.3 (1.3) SDs above zero in both the affected and non-affected legs in the unilateral group (p<0.05). The waist to hip ratio was 0.66 (0.78) SD above zero in the unilateral group (p<0.05). In the unilateral group, leg lean to total lean ratio was 0.42 (0.55) SD above zero (p<0.07), the trunk lean to total lean ratio was 0.63 (0.68) SD below zero (p<0.05), and leg fat relative to total fat was 0.47 (0.65) SD below zero (p<0.09). In the unilateral group, the leg with pathology was 0.78 (1.03) SD weaker during eccentric contractions (p<0.07).Conclusions:Unilateral patellar tendinopathy has identifiable risk factors whereas bilateral patellar tendinopathy may not. This suggests that the aetiology of these conditions may be different. However, interpretation must respect the limitation of small subject numbers.
Dissociation between back pain and bone stress reaction as measured by CT scan in young cricket fast bowlers
Authors: Millson H B , Gray J , Stretch R A , Lambert M I 
Published: September 2004

Background:Bone stress reaction is prevalent among cricket fast bowlers. Few studies have addressed the sensitivity and specificity of imaging for diagnosis, and follow up assessment has been poorly investigated.Objective:To determine whether there was an association between back pain and bone stress reaction as measured by computed tomography (CT) scan in young cricket fast bowlers.Methods:Ten young cricket fast bowlers were included in the study. Nine bowlers presented to a physiotherapy practice with low back pain and were later diagnosed with lumbar stress fractures, while one was an experienced bowler with no pain. All players had a CT scan after presenting to the physiotherapy practice. Pain was assessed according to a subjective scale (0–10) where 10 represented the player’s subjective, maximum pain score. Recovery and rehabilitation of all players was monitored until they returned to full participation.Results:There was no consistency in the relationship between pain and CT scan results. For example, one subject had evidence of un-united stress fractures after 15 months of rest but had experienced moderate pain for only 2 weeks after the onset of symptoms, in contrast to another subject who had intermittent pain for 11 months even though CT scan showed multiple stress fractures ranging from partially healed to fully healed status at 3 months.Conclusion:There is dissociation between back pain and bone stress reaction as measured by CT scan. Therefore, CT scan does not provide objective evidence for ongoing management or decision concerning return to sport in cricket fast bowlers.
The appearance of kissing contusion in the acutely injured knee in the athletes
Authors: Terzidis I P , Christodoulou A G , Ploumis A L , Metsovitis S R , Koimtzis M , Givissis P 
Published: September 2004

Background:Bone contusions are often identified at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the acutely injured knee. Contusions of both surfaces of the joint are known as kissing contusions.Objective:To determine the frequency, type, and distribution of kissing contusions occurring in association with injuries of the knee joint.Methods:255 MRI examinations in athletes with acutely injured knees (197 men; 58 women; mean age 24.2 years) were reviewed by two independent examiners; 219 MRIs were done within the first month after the injury and 36 within two to four months. None of the knees had been injured before. No fractures were present onxray.Results:Bone contusions were diagnosed in 71 cases (27.8%); 55 (22.5%) were identified as single contusions and 16 (6.3%) as kissing contusions. Eight of the kissing contusions were associated with anterior cruciate ligament tears, three with menisceal tears, four were isolated lesions, and one was delayed, following a menisceal tear. The 32 bone contusions (16 kissing contusions) were located as follows: lateral femoral condyle (n = 14; 8 type I, 6 type II); lateral tibial condyle (n = 9; 3 type I, 1 type II, 5 type III); medial tibial condyle (n = 7; 2 type I, 5 type III); medial femoral condyle (n = 2; both type I). The associated injuries were confirmed by arthroscopy in 12/16 patients.Conclusions:Kissing contusion is a significant injury often associated with ligamentous or menisceal injuries. Type I lesions are most common on the lateral femoral condyle and type III on the lateral tibial condyle.
Running exercises improve the strength of a partially ruptured Achilles tendon
Authors: See E K N , Ng G Y F , Ng C O Y , Fung D T C 
Published: September 2004

Objectives:To examine the effects of running and swimming exercises on the functional performance and mechanical strength of a recovering Achilles tendon.Methods:30 Sprague-Dawley rats had surgical transection of their right medial Achilles tendon. The rats were divided into running (n = 11), swimming (n = 10), and control (n = 9) groups. The running and swimming groups were given daily exercise training, starting from the fifth day after the injury; the control group did not exercise throughout the period of the experiment. An Achilles functional index (AFI) was recorded before the operation and on the third, 10th, and 30th days after the operation. On the 30th day, the rats were killed and their Achilles tendons harvested for biomechanical testing of load relaxation properties, stiffness, and ultimate tensile strength (UTS). The AFI data were analysed by two way analysis of variance; load relaxation, stiffness, and UTS data were analysed by multivariate analysis, with α at 0.05.Results:The UTS of the running group was higher than in the control group (p = 0.015), while there was no significant difference between the swimming and control groups (p = 0.228). Differences in stiffness and load relaxation were non-significant (p = 0.823 and 0.633, respectively). The AFI results did not differ among the three groups (p = 0.242).Conclusions:Running exercises can improve the strength of partially ruptured Achilles tendons at 30 days after injury.
Tendon injury and repair after core biopsies in chronic Achilles tendinosis evaluated by serial magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Shalabi A , Svensson L , Kristoffersen-Wiberg M , Aspelin P , Movin T 
Published: September 2004

Objective:To evaluate the morphological response and healing process after transverse ultrasound guided core biopsies in chronic Achilles tendinosis using serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) over a period of one year.Methods:The study included 10 patients. Six had five transverse core biopsies and were longitudinally evaluated by MRI before the biopsies and then after one week, three months, seven months, and one year. These patients started a three month eccentric training programme one to two weeks after the biopsy. Four “non-biopsied” and untreated patients were used for comparison. The clinical outcome was categorised according to the level of pain and performance.Results:The MRI one week after the biopsies showed an increase in tendon volume (T1-WI) and mean signal intensity (PD-WI) of 29% and 30% (p  =  0.04). During follow up, tendon volume and mean signal intensity gradually decreased. One year after the biopsy, the tendon volume had decreased by 20% and the intratendinous signal by 28% compared with the index MRI (p  =  0.04). The untreated patients showed an increase in both tendon volume (39%, p  =  0.06) and intratendinous signal (37%, p  =  0.14) at the one year follow up. After one year, pain and performance had improved in the treated patients but not the untreated patients.Conclusion:Five transverse ultrasound guided core biopsies induced a lesion in the diseased Achilles tendon. Alterations during healing such as tendon size and intratendinous signal intensity could be evaluated by MRI. The tendon alterations had decreased one year after the core biopsies.
Correlations between plasma noradrenaline concentrations, antioxidants, and neutrophil counts after submaximal resistance exercise in men
Authors: Ramel A , Wagner K-H , Elmadfa I 
Published: September 2004

Background:Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during exercise has been linked to increased oxygen consumption. ROS could also be produced by other mechanisms—for example, a respiratory burst of neutrophils or catecholamine auto-oxidation—when oxygen consumption is only moderately increased.Objectives:To investigate noradrenaline concentrations, neutrophil counts, plasma antioxidants, and lipid oxidation products before and after acute resistance exercise.Methods:17 male participants undertook a submaximal resistance exercise circuit (10 exercises; 75% of the one repetition maximum; mean (SD) exercise time, 18.6 (1.1) minutes). Blood samples were taken before and immediately after exercise and analysed for plasma antioxidants, noradrenaline, neutrophils, and lipid oxidation products. Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for calculations.Results:Neutrophils, noradrenaline, fat soluble antioxidants, and lipid oxidation products increased after exercise. Noradrenaline concentrations were associated with higher antioxidant concentrations. Neutrophils were related to higher concentrations of conjugated dienes.Conclusions:Submaximal resistance exercise increases plasma antioxidants. This might reflect enhanced antioxidant defence in response to the oxidative stress of exercise, though this is not efficient for inhibiting lipid oxidation. The correlation between noradrenaline concentrations and plasma antioxidants suggests a modulating role of the stress hormone. Neutrophils are a possible source of oxidative stress after resistance exercise.
Injuries in professional motor car racing drivers at a racing circuit between 1996 and 2000
Authors: Minoyama O , Tsuchida H 
Published: September 2004

Background:Research on injuries in racing drivers is limited.Objective:To gain more information about such injuries.Methods:Injuries recorded during and after races between 1996 and 2000 were investigated using the medical charts from the circuit medical centre at Fuji Speedway, which is one of the biggest circuits in Japan. Races were in either single seat/formula cars or saloon cars.Results:Data were obtained from 39 races in single seat cars (1030 participating cars) and 42 races in saloon cars (1577 cars). Fifty injuries were recorded during the single seat car races, and 62 during the saloon car races (injury rate 1.2 per 1000 competitors per race and 0.9 per 1000 competitors per race respectively). Thirteen injuries were recorded after the race, 12 of them in saloon car racing. Bruises were the major injury in single seat car racing (58%). Lower limb bruising was more common than upper limb bruising. Most of the injuries in saloon car racing (53.2%) were neck sprains. The incidence of concussion was high in both groups compared with other high risk sports.Conclusions:There were some differences in injuries between the two types of car. No serious injuries occurred except for one death. However, the driver’s body is subjected to large forces in a crash, hence the high incidence of concussion. The injuries recorded after the race emphasise that motor racing is a demanding sport.