bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of the Needs Assessment Scale for Innovative Technology Approaches to Dental Screening
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Kumar D. Sunil , Mallikarjunaswamy M.S , Arun Vanishri , Prakash G. Hari , Sunita S 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The prevalence of dental disorders is high worldwide, including in India, with disparities in access to care. Novel dental devices, such as digital radiography, dental lasers, and electrical impedance spectroscopy, could improve diagnosis and treatment, but demand among health-care practitioners needs assessment.

Aim:
This study aimed to develop a comprehensive tool for assessing community dental screening needs using novel technologies.

Methodology:
A preliminary questionnaire was developed based on expert consultation, validated through face validation, and revised based on subject experts’ suggestions. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 25, and validity and reliability were checked using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The tool was validated for effectiveness and feasibility among health-care professionals, and a final version was drafted.

Results:
A tool for assessing dental caries screening needs was validated by experts and pilot-tested with health-care professionals and interns. The tool was found to have good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha values >0.7 in each domain, except for the expressed needs domain. The overall Cronbach’s alpha for all domains was 0.812. The tool categorized the participants’ overall dental screening needs, with 91.7% showing a moderate need for dental screening with novel technologies.

Conclusion:
The dental needs assessment tool has good internal consistency and validation but needs refinement for improved generalizability. It shows the potential to enhance dental care.
Pain Relief with Cryoneurolysis of Supraorbital Nerve
Authors: Bansal Akanksha , Shinde Jyoti Sanjay , Das Gautam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Supraorbital neuralgia is a severe, painful, difficult-to-treat condition that is often misdiagnosed. It is characterized by pain and tenderness in the region of the supraorbital notch and forehead, with transient pain relief with a supraorbital nerve block. Supraorbital neuralgia is resistant to pharmaceutical treatment, so non-pharmaceutical management is the preferred option, but it comes with side effects. However, newer treatment modalities such as cryoneurolysis are safe treatment options due to their reversible second-degree injury to the peripheral sensory nerve with no effect on the surrounding connective structures. In this case report, a case of supraorbital neuralgia diagnosed 7 years back with failed multiple medical management and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) was performed twice. This patient presented with increased severity, frequency and longer duration of pain. Considering the reduced quality of life and failed other modalities of treatment, Ultrasound guided cryoneurolysis of right supra-orbital nerve was done, which gave immediate pain relief to the patient. This case report demonstrates the benefits of cryoneurolysis of the peripheral branch of the trigeminal nerve due to its safety profile, effectiveness, and minimal invasiveness.
Roles of central nervous system resident and recruited macrophages in the brain barrier system
Authors: Liu Ze , Cheng Teng , Dong Hongtian , Sun Dingya , Wang Yan , Li Jiayan , Yu Zhongwang , Cao Li 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Macrophages in the brain barrier system include microglia in the brain parenchyma, border-associated macrophages at the brain's borders, and recruited macrophages. They are responsible for neural development, maintenance of homeostasis, and orchestrating immune responses. With the rapid exploitation and development of new technologies, there is a deeper understanding of macrophages in the brain barrier system. Here we review the origin, development, important molecules, and functions of macrophages, mainly focusing on microglia and border-associated macrophages. We also highlight some advances in single-cell sequencing and significant cell markers. We anticipate that more advanced methods will emerge to study resident and recruited macrophages in the future, opening new horizons for neuroimmunology and related peripheral immune fields.
Forniceal transconjunctival orbitotomy for giant orbital cavernous hemangioma
Authors: Damasceno Renato Wendell Ferreira 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study is a report of two patients with giant cavernous orbital hemangioma who underwent different surgical techniques of orbitotomies without and with osteotomy, respectively. The first case was a 43-year-old female patient with proptosis of her left eye (OS) since 6 months ago. The ophthalmological examination revealed visual acuity of 1.0 in both eyes (OU), superior dystopia, and nonaxial proptosis of the OS with exophthalmometry of 23 mm. The main diagnostic hypothesis was cavernous hemangioma and she underwent forniceal transconjunctival orbitotomy. The second one was a 45-year-old female patient with proptosis of her OS since 12 months ago. The ophthalmological examination demonstrated visual acuity of 1.0 in OU and axial proptosis of the OS with exophthalmometry of 25 mm. The main diagnostic hypothesis also was cavernous hemangioma and she underwent lateral orbitotomy. Both patients evolved satisfactorily, functionally, and esthetically, after the 1st month of surgery. Nevertheless, the second patient required longer surgical time and specific surgical instruments such as a piezosurgical osteotome, presented a more intense postoperative inflammatory reaction and required longer postoperative recovery time when compared to the first case that underwent forniceal transconjunctival orbitotomy without osteotomy.
Prevalence and antibiogram of <i>Escherichia coli</i> species isolated from hospital wastewater and the receiving stream in Owo, Ondo State
Authors: Adesiyan I.M. , Feruke-Bello Y.M. , Adediran K.O. , EnochOghene A.E. , Owoseni M. , Adebisi O. 
Published: January 2025

Wastewater effluent from tertiary hospital is a significant reservoir of pathogenic organisms and can contribute immensely to the toxicity of receiving water bodies if not adequately treated before discharge. This current study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and antibiogram profile of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates recovered from wastewater samples collected from different wards of a tertiary hospital in Owo and the receiving stream. A total of 76 presumptive E. coli isolates was confirmed biochemically, of which 60 were randomly selected and screened by molecular technique. Thirty-eight (38) of the isolates were confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). High resistance was recorded against meropenem, amikacin, ceftazidime followed by ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. However, 100% susceptibility to tetracyclines, cotrimoxazole and vancomycin was likewise recorded. Three predominant antimicrobial resistance patterns detected were comprised ; GEN-CRX-CHL-CTR-CTX-CIP-CPZ-AMK-MEM with multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of 0.75, CPX-CTR-CTX-CIP-CPZ-AMK-MEM with MAR index of 0.60 and GENCTX-CIP-CPZ-AMK-MEM with MAR index of 0.50. The study concludes that effluents discharged from the tertiary hospital serves as a reservoir for antibiotic-resistant E. coli. The MAR index values are of great public health significance, hence the need to regularly monitor and evaluate hospital effluent discharges and ensure proper treatment before being discharged into the environment
Effect of growth media on heavy metal tolerant bacteria isolated from Owode-Onirin iron scrap market in Nigeria
Authors: Fashola M.O. , Anagun O.S. , Adebiyi K.O. , Lamidi D. , Olajumoke M.E. , Babatunde Z.A. , Andu O.A. , Odukomaiya O.A. , Shotunbi E.E. 
Published: January 2025

Heavy metals often form complexes with the organic components of most growth media resulting in decrease metal availability to bacteria cells. Hence, this study assessed different growth media used in studying heavy metal tolerance in bacteria vis elucidating the impact of heavy metals on the biochemical traits of heavy-metal tolerant bacteria. Standard cultural techniques were used to recover heavy metals (cadmium, lead and nickel) tolerant bacteria from Owode-Onirin metal-laden soil. The isolates were presumptively identified using their biochemical characteristics and further authenticated using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Three different heavy metals supplemented media (nutrient broth, low-phosphate broth and Luria-Bertani broth) were used to determine the growth and physiological effect of the metals on the selected isolates. The nine isolates obtained from the soil samples tolerated 3 mM of cadmium, lead and nickel. The isolates recorded least growth in the low phosphate broth compared to the other two media because it prevented complexation of the metals in the medium. The order of bacterial growth in the media is low phosphate broth < nutrient broth < Luria-Bertani broth. Also, an increase in metal concentration resulted in loss of oxidase, catalase and pigmentation ability in some of the isolates. This study therefore recommends the use of a minimal nutrient medium such as low phosphate broth in evaluating heavy metal tolerance in bacteria
Conductive zones characterization using VLF-EM technique around a landfill on basement complex formation of Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ojo A.O. , Ugwuanyi M.C. 
Published: January 2025

The conductive zones in the vicinities of the Saje dumpsite in Abeokuta metropolis, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria, were characterized employing the Very Low Frequency-Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) geophysical technique. The subsurface spatial distributions were mapped, and the migration and accumulation of leachate plumes in the fault lines or fractures were indicated. The survey traverses ranging from 140-200 m were laid from the dumpsite to the residential area with station intervals between 5 and 15 m using the ABEM WADI VLF meter. Nine traverses were created in the North of the dumpsite in the W-E direction, while five traverses were laid in the western region of the dumpsite in the N-S direction. The VLF meter's in-built filtering program and Fraser and Karous-Hjelt program filtered the real signatures obtained. The results were shown as 2D KarousHjelt pseudo-sections and Fraser anomaly curves, which depicted features with varying degrees of conductive and resistive regions in different directions. The anomaly curves showed prominent conductive signatures, which indicated massive accumulations of contaminants from the dumpsite. Also, the orientations of the conductive dwarf peaks of the signatures suggested appreciable massive contaminant regions. Furthermore, several cavities of both conductive and resistive responses were observed across the 2D Karous-Hjelt models to a depth of about 30 m. The results generally revealed conductive zones to distances of 35 and 75 m on the western and northern regions of the dumpsite, respectively. The regular patterns of conductive responses indicated fault lines as significant leachate plume trackways in the dumpsite subsurface.
Biosurfactant production and concomitant degradation of spent engine oil by <i>Alcaligens faecalis </i>ULAG3AF isolated from Lagos Lagoon
Authors: Ashamu T.O. , Omotayo A.E. , Adekunle A.A. 
Published: January 2025

Alcaligens faecalis strain ULAG3AF was isolated from the Lagos Lagoon, an estuarine environment. The aim of the study was to investigate the biosurfactant production potentials of this organism and explore the antimicrobial potential of the biosurfactant. The bacterial isolate was screened for its biosurfactants production potentials using the drop collapse, oil displacement tests and emulsification index. The strain was cultivated in an enrichment medium, Bushnell Haas Medium, supplemented with 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% spent engine oil and grown at different temperatures including 15 oC, 25 oC, 30 oC, 35 oC and 40 oC and salinity (10 mg/l, 20 mg/l, 30 mg/l and 40 mg/l of NaCl). The optimisation process involved analysing the effect of substrate concentration, temperature, and salinity on biosurfactant production by the bacterium using the onevariable-at-a-time (OVAT) approach. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and emulsification index were used to determine the rate of hydrocarbon degradation and the concentration of biosurfactant produced by the organism respectively. The bacterium demonstrated the ability to biodegrade different polyaromatic hydrocarbon components of spent engine oil and produced biosurfactants with an emulsifying index of 80.9% when cultivated in a medium containing 2% of spent engine oil, 2% salinity (20 o mg/l of NaCl) and a temperature of 40 oC after 7 days. The biosurfactant produced was a glycolipid with antimicrobial activities against Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.
Comparative analysis of methane emission from dumpsites and rice plantations using a bespoke low-cost unit in Ile-Ife and Okemesi-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ogunniran P. , Fawole O.G , Abiye O.E , Sunmonu L.A. , Agboola A.B. 
Published: January 2025

Compared to carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH2 ) is a more potent greenhouse gas, trapping more heat than CO2 on a per molecule basis. With increasing levels of activities in prominent sources of methane such as 2 livestock farming, rice farming and waste management, especially in developing economies like Nigeria, the need for a comprehensive and reliable CH4 inventory cannot be over- emphasized. Using a bespoke low-cost 4 measuring unit, this study investigated the vertical profile and variability of methane around rice farms and waste dumpsites. Findings show that ambient levels of methane around the rice farms ranged between 26 ppm and 698 ppm and were highest at temperatures >30°C while lower concentrations were measured at lower temperatures. High methane concentrations were observed at a height of around 15 m and gradually decreased with increasing altitude. For waste dumpsites, methane levels measured ranged between 45 ppm and 1220 ppm aligning with variation in the amount of waste. These higher concentrations are, however, often found at low altitudes below 20 m over both dump sites. At temperatures above 30 °C, methane concentrations are found at its highest across both dumpsites. Also, while waste dumpsites seem to emit more methane than rice farms, all study sites emitted appreciable amounts of methane which could accumulate and contribute significantly to regional climatic variations and enhance levels of tropospheric ozone. This study concluded that the bespoke measuring unit performed relatively well, and air temperature has a positive influence on methane concentration at all study sites.
Dinamika Guru Gen Z Dalam Membangun Keterampilan Interpersonal di Wilayah Bangka Belitung
Authors: Hilhamsyah  , Suyatno Suyatno , Martaningsih Sri Tutur 
Published: January 2025

Guru generasi Z menghadapi sejumlah tantangan dalam membangun keterampilan interpersonal. Penelitian ini menyoroti masalah-masalah keterampilan interpersonal yang sering dihadapi guru Gen Z. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Informan kunci dari penelitian ini yaitu guru dari generasi Z. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara semi terstruktur untuk menggali berbagai pandangan dan pengalaman terkait topik yang diteliti. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 4 orang guru dari generasi Z di Bangka Belitung dari sekolah yang berbeda-beda yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yaitu menggunakan pengupulan data, redukasi data, kemudian penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru Gen Z di wilayah Bangka Belitung mengalami masalah seperti sulit mempertahankan pendapat, sulit menyamakan persepsi dengan wali murid, canggung berinteraksi dengan guru senior dan sulit memahami siswa. Hal tersebut dikarenakan adanya perbedaan usia, tingkat kepedulian wali murid yang rendah, dan kemampuan komunikasi guru gen Z yang masih rendah serta kemampuan siswa yang beragam. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan keterampilan interpersonal guru gen Z.
Strategi Interaksi Dosen dalam Meningkatkan Keterlibatan Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Public Speaking
Authors: Rusdiah Rusdiah , Sulaiman Rizkariani 
Published: January 2025

Keterampilan berbicara formal merupakan salah satu kebutuhan mahasiswa dalam persiapan menghadapi dunia profesional yang kompetitif. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis strategi interaksi dosen berbasis pendekatan IRF (Initiation, Response, Feedback) dalam meningkatkan keterlibatan mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Public Speaking. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode analisis CA (Conversation Analysis)/ Analisis Percakapan. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah purposif sampling dan subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester tiga Program Studi Sastra Inggris Universitas Muslim Indonesia karena mahasiswa semester tiga berada pada tahap pengembangan keterampilan berbicara formal yang intensif melalui mata kuliah Public Speaking. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi interaksi kelas dan analisis transkrip interaksi selama perkuliahan. Prosedur pengumpulan data mencakup identifikasi pola interaksi IRF (initiation, response, feedback) seperti pertanyaan inisiasi dosen, variasi respons mahasiswa, dan bentuk umpan balik yang diberikan. Analisis data dilakukan secara terstruktur mulai dari menganalisis transkrip percakapan mahasiswa dan dosen selama lima kali perkuliahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosen menggunakan berbagai strategi seperti penggunaan model IRF yang terstruktur (Inisiasi, Respons, Umpan Balik); aktivitas pembelajaran aplikatif seperti simulasi dan diskusi kelompok; umpan balik yang konstruktif dan personal untuk memperbaiki kekurangan; suasana kelas yang inklusif dan mendukung partisipasi; dan penggunaan refleksi akhir untuk memperkuat pemahaman dan motivasi belajar mahasiswa dalam upaya untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan mahasiswa. Penelitian memberikan kontribusi praktis dalam pengembangan metode pengajaran berbasis interaksi, khususnya untuk mempersiapkan mahasiswa menghadapi tantangan komunikasi di dunia profesional. Dengan temuan ini, diharapkan strategi IRF dapat diterapkan secara lebih luas untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan dan kompetensi mahasiswa dalam berbagai konteks.
Climate change risks illustrated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) “burning embers”
Authors: Marbaix Philippe , Magnan Alexandre K. , Muccione Veruska , Thorne Peter W. , Zommers Zinta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The completion of the Sixth Assessment Cycle of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a unique opportunity to understand where the world stands on climate-change-related risks to natural and human systems at the global level, as well as for specific regions and sectors. Since its Third Assessment Report (AR3), released 2 decades ago, the IPCC has developed a synthetic representation of how risks increase with global warming, with risk levels reflected by the colours used, including shades of yellow and red, which led to the nickname “burning embers”. While initially designed to illustrate five overarching Reasons for Concern, these diagrams have been progressively applied to risks in specific systems and regions over the last 10 years. However, the information gathered through expert elicitation and the resulting quantitative risk assessments have hitherto remained scattered within and across reports and specific data files. This paper overcomes this limitation by developing a database containing all embers from AR3 to AR6 and an associated online “Climate Risks Embers Explorer” (CREE) to facilitate the exploration of the assessed risks. The data are also available in an archive file in a widely accessible format (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12626976, Marbaix et al., 2024). Important aspects of data homogenization are discussed, and an approach to structuring information on assessed risk increases is presented. Potential uses of the data are explored through aggregated analyses of risks and adaptation benefits, which show that, excluding high-adaptation cases, half of the assessed risk levels increase from a moderate risk to a high risk between 1.5 and 2 to 2.3 °C of global warming, a result which is consistent with the separate assessment of the Reasons for Concern by the IPCC. The database lays the groundwork for future risk assessments and the development of burning embers by providing a standardized baseline of risk data. It also highlights important areas for improvement in the forthcoming Seventh Assessment Cycle of the IPCC, particularly towards the systematic, homogeneous, and structured collection of information on illustrated risk increases; comprehensive coverage of impacted regions; a systematic consideration of adaptation and/or vulnerability levels; and, possibly, the coverage of risks from response measures. In the context of an ever-growing body of literature and knowledge, the facility described herein has the potential to help in synthesizing and illustrating risks across scales and systems in a more consistent and comprehensive way.
Seperation Axioms in Micro Semi Pre-Topological Spaces
Authors: P. Sathishmohan  
Published: January 2025

The primary objetive of this paper is to introduce a new type of separation axioms namely, micro semi pre-T0, micro semi pre-T1, micro semi pre-T2 and to obtain their properties. Also, the relationship between these spaces with related concepts are investigated.
Introduction: In 2019, S. Chandrasekar [3] introduction of micro topology as a straightforward expansion from nano topology, emphasizing micro pre-open and micro semi-open sets. H.Z. Ibrahim [6] introduced micro β-open sets in micro topological spaces. In 2020, Hariwan Z. Ibrahim [7] introduced the separation axioms on micro topology with particular focus on micro-open sets. In this paper some new types of spaces are define and study in micro topological spaces namely, micro semi pre T0, micro semi pre T1, micro semi pre T2, using the concept of micro semi pre open sets. Also, the properties of these spaces and the relationship between these spaces with related concepts are found.
Conclusions: In this paper introduces and investigates new types of micro semi pre topological spaces, namely micro semi pre T0, micro semi pre T1, and micro semi pre T2, extending concepts from previous works on micro topology. The properties and relationships of these spaces are explored, shedding light on their separation axioms and connections with related concepts like micro-T0, micro-T1, and micro-T2 spaces. The study presented here not only expands the theoretical framework of micro topology but also provides insights into the interplay between different types of micro topological spaces. Overall, this paper contributes to the ongoing development of micro topology by introducing and analyzing micro semi pre topological spaces, leading the way for further research in this area and potentially finding applications in various mathematical and scientific disciplines.
In Future, connecting separation axioms in topology to the behavior of an RLC circuit within micro topology provides a rigorous mathematical framework to distinguish and analyze different states and transitions. This approach not only enhances our understanding of the circuit’s dynamics but also offers a robust method to explore micro particle interactions and configurations within a topological space.