bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Number of White Stork Ciconia ciconia Nests in Latvia Between 1934 and 2014
Authors: Janaus Māra , Dekants Andris 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The article summarises the results obtained during the 7th International White Stork Census 2014 in Latvia as well as analyses of changes since 1934. More than 2000 participants were involved in the census. About 14,000 pairs of white storks (WS) were found nesting in Latvia in 2014, i.e. about 52% more than in 1934, and about 25% more than in 1994 and 2004. The breeding density was one of the highest in the breeding area — on average, 21.7 occupied nests/100 km2 territory and 60.8 nests/100 km2 agricultural lands. The proportion of occupied nests in 2014 was 90.1%, and the proportion of successful ones — 95.7%. The average number of raised chicks decreased from 2.7 in occupied nests and 2.8 in successful nests in 1934 to 2.1 and 2.4 in 2014, correspondingly. The main reasons for this decrease were deterioration of feeding conditions (amount and availability of food, as well as the regionally growing use of agricultural chemicals). Since 1934, considerable changes in WS nest location and human aid in their construction have been observed. Eighty years ago, an absolute majority of nests (about 80%) were built with human aid (artificial nest support) on trees; whereas in 2014, only 3.5% such nests were registered. Most nests (64.8%) in 2014 were built on electric poles without artificial support. According to observations after 2014, the growth of the breeding population of WS in Latvia has come to an end, and even a slight regional decrease has been observed. Nevertheless, at present, there are no reasons to consider the local breeding population of the WS as being endangered and vanishing.
Establishing of an Axenic Lemna Minor Line as a Model Organism for a Wide Spectre of Biological and Environmental Investigations
Authors: Žagata Kārlis , Butkauskas Dalius , Vyšniauskienė Regina , Rančelienė Vida , Ignatavičienė Ieva , Selga Tūrs , Miķelsone Andra , Rashal Isaak , Grauda Dace 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) is a widely used plant for phytoremediation and environment monitoring of wastewater in vivo, as this plant can be efficiently grown in Petri dishes and quickly multiplied in laboratory conditions. It is also a valuable test object to study the impact of various environmental factors by measuring growth and biochemical parameters. Our goal was to establish an axenic diploid line of L. minor free from symbionts, for use as a model plant to obtain reproducible results in experiments. In this work, we used 29 L. minor clones collected in natural conditions in Lithuania and Latvia, which were naturally inhabited with bacteria and algae. The L. minor clone entitled Sta2 was found to be best to fit requirements to establish a laboratory line suitable for testing of the genetic and physiological influence of environmental factors. Application of flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and sequencing of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase genes proved that the selected and specifically sterilised line Sta2 was diploid and free from symbiotic bacteria or algae. Media for storage and for rapid propagation of L. minor biomass were also developed. The axenic line Sta2 can be maintained in sterile laboratory conditions and can be used as a model organism in a wide spectrum of biological and environmental investigations.
Determinants of Poverty in East Java after the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Purwanti Dyah , Budiantono Sigit , Nurhidayati Nurhidayati , Sihombing Pardomuan Robinson , Arsani Ade Marsinta 
Published: October 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the economy both nationally and nationally. Economic activity slowed down, many businesses closed their businesses, and there was an increase in the poor. The government is conducting fiscal interventions to overcome the impact of the pandemic both on supply and demand. The intervention is expected to keep the economy growing despite being thin. East Java Province had achievements in reducing poverty until the end of 2019; after the pandemic, poverty increased significantly at the end of 2021. This condition is challenging for the Provincial Government and the City / Regency Government in East Java. Therefore, this study analyzes the determinants of poverty in East Java after the pandemic. Data was sourced from the Statistic Indonesia of East Java for 2018-2021. Using a regression of panel data (fixed effect model), we found that the human development index reduced poverty. On the contrary, the Covid pandemic, this ratio, and economic growth positively impact poverty. The implications of the findings suggest the need for comprehensive economic and macro-social policies so that the poverty rate in East Java can be reduced.
Growth responsse of cacao seeds (Theobroma cacao L.) to the application of urea fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer of gamal leaves
Authors: Mahdalena  
Published: October 2023

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dosis pupuk Urea dan dosis pupuk organik cair daun gamal serta interaksi kedua perlakuan terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan, terhitung mulai dari bulan Mei sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2021. Tempat penelitian di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda.
Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan percobaan faktorial 4 x 4 yang terdiri dari 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah Pupuk Urea (U) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu U0 (kontrol), U1 (3 g/polybag), U2 (6 g/polybag), U3 (9 g/polybag). Faktor kedua adalah POC Daun Gamal (G) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu G0 (kontrol), G1 (200 ml/polybag), G2 (250 ml/polybag), G3 (300 ml/polybag).
Variabel pengamatan yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan diameter batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dosis pupuk Urea dan POC daun gamal berpengaruh nyata pada interaksi U2G3 (6 g dan 300 ml/polybag) untuk parameter tinggi tanaman dan pada interaksi U3G3 (9 g dan 300 ml/polybag) memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap parameter jumlah daun dan diameter batang.

Kata Kunci : Gliricidia, Urea, Theobroma
Sitotoksisitas Ekstrak Kayu Beta-Beta (Lunasia amara) pada Sel Kanker Payudara T47D
Authors: Hasnaeni Hasnaeni , Emelda A. 
Published: October 2023

Penyakit kanker merupakan masalah kesehatan yang utama di dunia, baik di negara maju maupun di negara berkembang. Kanker menjadi penyebab kematian yang tinggi dan masalah ekonomi. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk penanganan kanker, namun angka kesakitan dan kematian masih tetap tinggi. Penggunaan obat sintetik dan kemoterapi sering tidak selektif. Bahan anti kanker tidak hanya menyerang sel kanker tetapi juga sel normal sehingga menimbulkan efek samping yang serius (Sausville and Longo, 2005). Hal ini mendorong untuk menemukan obat anti kanker yang lebih selektif dan sensitif. Salah satu strategi yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi keadaan tersebut adalah dengan eksplorasi terhadap tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai anti kanker. Kayu beta-beta (Lunasia amara) berpotensi sebagai anti kanker karena mengandung senyawa aktif dan efek antioksidan yang tinggi. Oksigen aktif dan radikal bebas berhubungan dengan beberapa kasus secara fisiologi dan patologis seperti kanker, peradangan, kekebalan, penuaan, mutagenik dan karsinogenik. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan yaitu metode maserasi dan pengeringan ekstrak dengan rotary eveporator. Pada penelitian akan di lakukan kajian sitotoksisitas dari ekstrak kayu beta-beta dengan menggunakan sel kanker payudara T47D, untuk pengembangan penggunaan tanaman ini sebagai kandidat obat baru untuk kanker. Ekstrak etanol sebagai sampel uji diarahkan untuk pengujian yang berkelanjutan dari tanaman kayu beta-beta
Direct-Homogenization-Based Plate Models of Integrated Thermal Protection System for Reusable Launch Vehicles
Authors: Khan Nazim , Chakraborty Pritam 
Published: October 2023

Integrated thermal protection systems of reusable launch vehicles (RLVs) can have a corrugated core sandwich structure and experience location-dependent thickness-wise temperature gradient. The sandwich structure can be optimized depending on the location on RLV using finite element method simulations of RLV components. However, such analysis can be computationally challenging due to the disparate length scales between the RLV components and features of the sandwich structure. Two different equivalent plate models based on first-order shear and normal deformation theory, and first-order shear and second-order normal deformation theory (FSSNDT) have been utilized in this work to address this drawback. A direct homogenization technique involving unit cell and cantilever beam analysis has been developed to calibrate the equivalent plate properties for different thickness-wise temperature variations. The accuracy of the plate models has been evaluated by comparing their responses with a full-scale model for different thickness-wise temperature gradients and a uniform pressure. The comparisons clearly indicate that the FSSNDT-based plate model calibrated via direct homogenization captures both the displacements and strains in the in-plane and transverse directions accurately, and can be used to perform RLV component analysis efficiently to obtain location-specific optimal design of corrugated core sandwich structures.
Use of patient sample for quality control of hematology analyzers: Is it a feasible option in resource-poor setting?
Authors: Kahar Manoj A. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives:
The operation of hematology analyzers (HAs) is assured by quality control (QC) procedures. For internal QC, the use of stable hematology control material is recommended; however, its use has various limitations such as prohibitive cost, limited shelf life, and logistics. The aims of this study were to determine the utility and efficacy of patient samples in regular QC and HAs.

Material and Methods:
The patient’s samples were used for duplicate testing, comparability testing, and replicate testing along with X̅B monitoring to determine the performance of primary HA MEK 1900.

Results:
Paired t-test and correlation results in duplicate test and Scatter plot, Bland–Altman plot, and Passing– Bablok regression results derived from comparability studies revealed acceptable results as per recommendations. In replicate testing, acceptable coefficients of variation were obtained for hemoglobin (Hb) (1.6%), platelet count (4.9%), red blood cell (RBC) count (1.1%), and white blood cell (WBC) count (1.9%).

Discussion:
In duplicate sample testing paired t-test revealed P > 0.05. In 97% of samples, the standard deviation (SD) was <±2SD for duplicate testing for Hb, platelet count, RBC count, and WBC count. In comparability testing, for Hb, platelet count, RBC count, and WBC count, the correlation coefficient values were close to 1 and comparable to similar published studies. Results for repeatability studies in our study are within acceptable limits as per recommendations. X̅B monitoring revealed results acceptable within the prescribed limits by the manufacturer. The experiments done and results obtained in our study favor the use of patient samples to perform IQC for HA; however, it does not replace the use of stable commercial quality control material.

Conclusion:
In small-scale laboratories in resource-poor settings, patient samples can be of some use in QC of HA.
THE DOORS OF THE SUZDAL CATHEDRAL. ICONOGRAPHIC PARALLELS
Authors: Чернецов А.В. 
Published: October 2023

Золоченые двери собора Рождества Богородицы в Суздале – эталонный памятник древнерусского художественного ремесла. Объектом сопоставлений для западных дверей собора являются Новгородские двери 1336 г., созданные для собора Св. Софии. Стилистика последних свидетельствует об упадке традиций художественного ремесла и снижении требований элиты общества к его продукции. Подобная трансформация явилась следствием монгольского нашествия и ордынского ига. Основные композиции на дверях XVI в. отличаются от сюжетов Суздальских дверей; в некоторых случаях их тематика совпадает. Трактовка эпизодов на дверях XIII и XVI вв. демонстрирует кардинальные различия. Мастера XVI в. уделяют большее внимание частностям, вводят дополнения, не обусловленные текстом Библии, заимствованные из вторичных христианских толкований в богословских трудах, молитвенном обиходе и гимнографии. Сравнительный анализ позволяет решать вопросы о роли Суздальских дверей в дальнейшем развитии древнерусского художественного ремесла; их воздействии на позднейшие памятники, эволюции стиля и иконографии.
The guilt doors of the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Theotokos in Suzdal is a landmark of Medieval Rus artistic craftwork. The western doors of the cathedral are compared with the Novgorod doors of 1336 created for the St. Sophia Cathedral in Velikiy Novgorod. The stylistics of the latter demonstrate decline in the traditions of artistic craftwork and lower requirements of the societal elite to its production. Such transformation was the result of the Mongol invasion and the Horde yoke. Main narrative scenes on the cathedral doors of the 16th century are different from the scenes on the Suzdal doors; in some cases, their narratives coincide. The interpretation of the religious scenes on the doors of the 13th and the 16th centuries demonstrates cardinal differences. The artisans of the 16th century pay more attention to details, introduce additions that are not based on the text of the Bible and were borrowed from secondary Christian interpretations in theological books, prayer practice and hymnography. The comparative analysis offers an opportunity to address the issues relating to the role of the Suzdal doors in subsequent development of Medieval Rus craftwork, the impact on later works of art, evolution of the style and iconography.
THE MOSCOW UNIT OF THE RAIMK AND THE PROJECT ON THE MUSEUM OF THE HISTORY OF MATERIAL CULTURE
Authors: Ананьев В.Г. , Бухарин М.Д. 
Published: October 2023

В Российской академии истории материальной культуры (РАИМК) в 1919‒1921 гг. активно обсуждался проект создания центрального музея истории материальной культуры. Эти обсуждения продолжили споры вокруг создания археологического музея, начатые еще до Октября 1917 г. В обсуждении проекта центрального музея истории материальной культуры активное участие принимала Московская секция РАИМК. Подход петроградской РАИМК и ее Московской секции к созданию нового музея разнился принципиально. Важнейшим пунктом расхождений явились отношения академического сообщества и государственной власти, связи с которой у Московской секции РАИМК были значительно теснее, чем у петроградской РАИМК. Эти расхождения явились одной из причин того, что проект создания центрального музея истории материальной культуры так и не был воплощен, оставшись памятником музееведческой мысли первых послереволюционных лет.
In 1919‒1921 the Russian Academy for the History of Material Culture (RAIMK) actively discussed a project of creating the Central Museum of the History of Material Culture. These discussions continued debates on the creation of an archaeological museum that had started before the October of 1917. The Moscow Unit of the RAIMK was actively involved in the discussions of the project intended to set up the Central Museum of the History of Material Culture. There was a fundamental difference in approaches used by the Petrograd RAIMK and its Moscow unit. The main point of disagreement dealt with relations between the academic community and the state authorities, with the RAIMK Moscow unit having closer relationship with the government agencies. This difference was one of the reasons why the project of creating the Central Museum of the History of Material Culture was never accomplished and remained just a record of museological thoughts of the first post-revolutionary years.
HOUSES AT THE SETTLEMENTS OF THE NORTHWESTERN CRIMEA IN THE SECOND QUARTER OF THE 1st – EARLY 2nd CENTURIES AD
Authors: Антонов Е.Е. 
Published: October 2023

Задача статьи – выделить основные планировочные схемы позднескифских домов, которые строились в Северо-Западном Крыму во второй четверти I – начале II в. н. э. Таких разновидностей три. Первая из них – П-образной планировочной схемы – это дом I Калос Лимена (рис. 2). Он показывает преемственность строительных традиций. Две другие разновидности домов ранее в позднескифском Северо-Западном Крыму не встречались. Для первой из них – «Тарпанчи» – характерно расположение помещений в два ряда вдоль одной из сторон двора (рис. 1, Тар; рис. 3, КЛ-II, КЛ-III). Еще одна разновидность выделена условно: это дома плохой сохранности, выделяющиеся одним или несколькими крупными, вытянутыми помещениями (рис. 1, КТ-7; рис. 4, ЮД-Б (Р. I), КЛ-V, КЛ-VI). Отдельные элементы схемы «Тарпанчи» проявлялись в планировках более ранних жилищ Северо-Запад ного Крыма, но нельзя исключать и ее заимствование: появление схемы совпадает с другими «новшествами» в материальной культуре Крымской Скифии. Их связывают с появлением сармат и боспорским влиянием.
The intention of this paper is to identify layout plans of Late Scythian houses which were built in the northwestern Crimea in the second quarter of the 1st – early 2 nd centuries AD. There are three variants of such layout plans. The first plan, which is U-shaped, was used in house I in Kalos Limen (Fig. 2). It shows continuity of construction traditions. The two other variants of the houses have not been found in the Late Scythian northwestern Crimea before. The first of these variants known as Tarpanchi is characterized by location of rooms in two rows along one of the sides of the court (Fig. 1, Tar; Fig. 3. KL-II, KL-III). One more variant has been singled out for the purpose of discus sion, these are poorly preserved houses characterized by one or several large elongated rooms (Fig. 1, KT-7; Fig. 4. YuD-B (P. I), KL-V, KL-VI). Some elements of the Tarpanchi layout plan were used in the plans of earlier dwellings in the northwestern Crimea; however, its borrowing cannot be excluded as the appearance of this plan coincides with other novelties in the material culture of Crimean Scythia. These novelties are linked to arrival of the Sarmatians and Bosporus influence.
Comparative Study of Machine Learning Algorithms in Classifying HRV for the Driver’s Physiological Condition
Authors: Abdul Razak Siti Fatimah , Sayed Ismail S. N. M. , Yogarayan Sumendra , Azli Abdullah Mohd Fikri , Kamis Noor Hisham , Abdul Aziz Azlan 
Published: October 2023

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) may be used as a psychological marker to assess drivers’ states from physiological signals such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and photoplethysmography (PPG). This paper reviews HRV acquisition methods from drivers and machine learning approaches for driver cardiac health based on HRV classification. The study examines four publicly available ECG datasets and analyzes their HRV features, including time domain, frequency domain, short-term measures, and a combination of time and frequency domains. Eight machine learning classifiers, namely K-Nearest Neighbor, Decision Tree, Naive Bayes, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Gradient Boost, and Adaboost, were used to determine whether the driver's state is normal or abnormal. The results show that K-Nearest Neighbor and Decision Tree classifiers had the highest accuracy at 92.86%. The study concludes by assessing the performance of machine learning algorithms in classifying HRV for the driver's physiological condition using the Man-Whitney U test in terms of accuracy and F1 score. We have statistical evidence to support that the prediction quality is different when HRV analysis applies these three sets: (i) time domain measures or frequency domain measures; (ii) frequency domain measures or short-term measures; and (iii) combining time and frequency domains or only frequency domains. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-09-013 Full Text: PDF
Research on Rainfall Intensity Threshold of Occasional Debris Flow Based on Infiltration
Authors: Wang Hanqiang , Ji Xiangpeng , Wang Yanping 
Published: October 2023

The rainfall warning method for debris flows usually uses rainfall intensity and duration to establish an I-D relationship internationally and determine the rainfall warning threshold for debris flows. This method requires extensive rainfall data from debris flow events in the study area to establish the I-D relationship. However, some areas with occasional debris flows lack sufficient debris flow events to establish I-D relationships to determine rainfall warning thresholds. Therefore, this study uses the infiltration effect of water flow on gravel soil and establishes a rainfall intensity threshold judgment formula for debris flow initiation based on the limit equilibrium method. Taking the Taiqing debris flow that occurred in Laoshan, China, on June 13, 2018, as an example, the rainfall intensity and characteristics of the debris flow are analyzed. The maximum rainfall intensity during this rainfall process far exceeds the rainfall intensity threshold determined by the judgment formula. Using the judgment formula, it can be determined that the rainfall process will cause debris flow. The judgment result is consistent with the actual situation (where a debris flow occurred during the rainfall process). To further verify the accuracy of the judgment formula, the rainfall process of Typhoon Lichma on August 11, 2019, in the study area was analyzed. The rainfall process has a long history. Still, the rainfall intensity is much lower than the threshold of rainfall intensity for the initiation of debris flow, so this rainfall will not cause the occurrence of debris flow. The judgment result is consistent with the actual situation (no debris flow occurred during rains). Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-09-02 Full Text: PDF
Краніологія чоловіків Східного Полісся ХVІІ–ХІХ ст. (Чернігово-Сіверщина)
Authors: Долженко Юрій 
Published: October 2023

У статті введено в науковий обіг нові краніологічні дані, дано загальну характеристику мешканців Чернігово-Сіверщини XVII–XIX ст. на тлі суміжних етнічних груп України й Східної Європи, з’ясовано місце цих мешканців серед краніологічних типів Східної Європи та фено-географічних антропологічних зон України. Для опрацювання 96 чоловічих черепів використано комп’ютерні програми, які створили Б. й О. Козінцеви 1991 р. Відстані між окремими серіями ХІV–ХІХ ст. визначалися за допомогою багатовимірного канонічного й кластерного аналізу. Залучено 14 краніометричних ознак за Р. Мартіном. Загалом чоловіча група належить до великої європеоїдної раси з ознаками певної метисації. Чоловіча збірна вибірка ХVІІ–ХІХ ст. з Чернігово-Сіверщини найподібніша до групи з київського Подолу XVI–XVIII ст.
Історичний розвиток та мінливість будови вторинного кісткового піднебіння ссавців
Authors: Білецька Марія 
Published: October 2023

У роботі представлено результати багаторічних досліджень (1995-2020р..р.) вторинного кісткового піднебіння (ВКП) ссавців. Проведено аналіз його історичного розвитку у теріоморфних плазунів і ссавців, обговорюється природа мінливості, її функціональне і філогенетичне значення.
Показано, що вторинне кісткове піднебіння ссавців проявляє мінливість за кількістю елементів, які його утворюють, наявністю чи відсутністю лемеша у його структурі та часткою участі окремих кісток.
Описано особливості будови вторинного кісткового піднебіння представників 12 рядів рецентних ссавців та вимерлих теріоморфних рептилій. Наведено 14 різних варіантів конструкції ВКП із крайніми відхиленнями від типової маммальної будови (відсутність у його складі верхньощелепної (Desmodus rotundus) або передщелепної (більшість Microchiroptera) кісток, а також наявність крилоподібної кістки (Cetacea, Edentata) і передлемеша (Monotremata) та вставки лемеша (Chiroptera, Cetacea, Artiodactyla).