bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rock-physics model of a gas hydrate reservoir with mixed occurrence states
Authors: Wu Cun-Zhi , Zhang Feng , Ding Pin-Bo , Sun Peng-Yuan , Cai Zhi-Guang , Di Bang-Rang 
Published: October 2023

Seismic interpretation of gas hydrates requires the assistance of rock physics. Changes in gas hydrate saturation can alter the elastic properties of formations, and this relationship can be considerably influenced by the occurrence state of gas hydrates. Pore-filling, load-bearing, and cementing types are three single gas hydrate occurrence states commonly considered in rock-physics investigations. However, many gas hydrate-bearing formations are observed to have mixed occurrence states, and their rock-physics properties do not fully conform to models of single occurrence states. We develop a generalized rock-physics model for gas hydrate-bearing formations with three mixed occurrence states observed in the field or laboratory experiments: coexisting pore-filling-type and matrix-forming-type gas hydrates (case 1); pore-filling type when [Formula: see text] (gas hydrate saturation) < [Formula: see text] (critical saturation) and pore-filling + matrix-forming type when [Formula: see text] (case 2); and matrix-forming type when [Formula: see text] and matrix-forming + pore-filling type when [Formula: see text] (case 3). Instead of initial porosity, the apparent porosity (the volume fraction of an effective pore filler) [Formula: see text] represents the influence of occurrence states on the pore space. These three mixed occurrence states can be modeled using a unified workflow, in which the volume fractions of various gas hydrate types are expressed in general forms in terms of the apparent porosity. In addition, the model considers the effect of a pore filler on shear modulus. The developed model is validated through calibration with real well-log data and published experimental data corresponding to five gas hydrate-bearing formations. The model effectively interprets the influences of gas hydrate saturation and occurrence state on these formations. Thus, the generalized model provides a theoretical basis for the analysis of sensitive elastic parameters and quantitative interpretation for gas hydrate reservoirs.
Microseismic event locations and source mechanisms using dominant guided waves recorded in an underground potash mine
Authors: Barthwal Himanshu , van den Berghe Matthew , Shcherbakov Robert 
Published: October 2023

Microseismic event locations and moment tensors (MT) in underground mines can provide insights into the subsurface deformation and current state of stress. However, reliable estimation of these source parameters is rather challenging due to high-frequency waveforms and a low signal-to-noise ratio for negative magnitude events. We study microseismicity in an underground potash mine in Saskatchewan, Canada, recorded between 1 March and 30 June 2021, by a network of broadband seismometers. The active mining is carried out in low-velocity evaporites at depths of approximately 1 km below the ground level. The theoretical dispersion curves show that guided waves in the form of leaky P and P-SV/SH normal modes can exist in a 1D velocity model representing mine geology. These guided waves are detected as high-energy dispersive arrivals on the seismograms recorded at the underground receivers. We locate the events using the arrival times of the guided waves and their mean group velocities. Most (approximately 80%) of the detected events cluster around the mine layout between depths of 0.95 to 1.05 km. Next, we compute MT for 92 events using waveforms of guided phases. The MT show nondouble-couple components with only 28 events having double-couple percentages greater than 50%. These events occur near mined-out cavities with source mechanisms corresponding to the layer delamination in the roof and floor or pillar yield related to the closure of cavities. No abnormal microseismicity is detected away from the mine levels in the more competent carbonate rocks above or below the evaporite formations. Thus, guided waves enable the detection of microseismic events up to large distances and can provide high-resolution event locations and MT inversion. These can be interpreted in the context of local geology and mining activities to identify the dominant factors affecting microseismicity.
A non-linear delayed resonator for mimicking the hearing haircells
Authors: Reda Jana , Fink Mathias , Lemoult Fabrice 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The auditory system possesses remarkable characteristics: super sensitivity and frequency selectivity. However, these traits come at the cost of non-fidelity due to non-linear effects. The culprit behind this active behavior is likely the haircells, as suggested by some in vivo observations and theoretical studies. These haircells appear to operate as non-linear oscillators near a Hopf bifurcation. In this article, we experimentally design a single delayed Hopf resonator to examine its dynamic responses and uncover striking parallels with the human ear. After a systematic characterization of this resonator, we experimentally verify on this single resonator two non-linear phenomena that mimic hearing distortions. This provides further support for hearing models based on Hopf bifurcation.
How metals fuel fungal virulence, yet promote anti-fungal immunity
Authors: Alselami Alanoud , Drummond Rebecca A. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Invasive fungal infections represent a significant global health problem, and present several clinical challenges, including limited treatment options, increasing rates of antifungal drug resistance and compounding comorbidities in affected patients. Metals, such as copper, iron and zinc, are critical for various biological and cellular processes across phyla. In mammals, these metals are important determinants of immune responses, but pathogenic microbes, including fungi, also require access to these metals to fuel their own growth and drive expression of major virulence traits. Therefore, host immune cells have developed strategies to either restrict access to metals to induce starvation of invading pathogens or deploy toxic concentrations within phagosomes to cause metal poisoning. In this Review, we describe the mechanisms regulating fungal scavenging and detoxification of copper, iron and zinc and the importance of these mechanisms for virulence and infection. We also outline how these metals are involved in host immune responses and the consequences of metal deficiencies or overloads on how the host controls invasive fungal infections.
Market Power and Price Exposure: Learning from Changes in Renewable Energy Regulation
Authors: Fabra Natalia , Imelda  
Published: October 2023

Given the critical role of renewable energies in current and future electricity markets, it is important to understand how they affect firms’ pricing incentives. We study whether the price-depressing effect of renewables depends on their degree of market price exposure. Paying renewables with fixed prices, rather than market-based prices, is more effective at curbing market power when the dominant firms own large shares of renewables, and vice versa. Our empirical short-lived changes to renewables regulation in the Spanish market and shows that switching from full-price exposure to fixed prices caused a 2–4 percent reduction in the average price-cost markup. (JEL L13, L94, L98, Q42, Q48)
The Value of Virtual Engagement: Evidence from a Running Platform
Authors: Liu Che-Wei , Wang Weiguang , Gao Guodong (Gordon) , Agarwal Ritu 
Published: October 2023

Fueled by remarkable developments in mobile and wearable technologies coupled with the power of the Internet a multibillion industry constructed on digital platforms, Connected Fitness, has emerged. Sustained engagement is a crucial prerequisite for healthy behavior, and platforms that offer connected fitness services must contend with the challenge of engaging new users. In this study, we examine whether a virtual race, an event in which runners can participate remotely in an organized activity, can serve as an effective strategy to amplify users’ long-term engagement related to healthy behavior. We study the impact of offering virtual races to runners on a digital fitness platform on their engagement with the platform and level of physical activity. Leveraging the match of the theme of the virtual races and users’ zodiac signs as the instrument to support causal inference, we find that a virtual race increases the engagement of new users by 42.8 days and total spending on related e-commerce on the platform by 48.4% during our study period. We also find that the positive impact of virtual races transcends the typical mechanism of social connections; results show that virtual races can increase the engagement with the platform even when their social connections are low. Finally, we find that existing users who participate in a virtual race outrun those in the control group by 4.41 km in a three-week period. Our study highlights the potential of new forms of digital interactions, powered by mobile and wearable technologies, on user behavior in fitness platforms.This paper was accepted by Anindya Ghose, information systems.Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4945 .
A Class of Dissimilarity Semimetrics for Preference Relations
Authors: Nishimura Hiroki , Ok Efe A. 
Published: October 2023

We propose a class of semimetrics for acyclic preference relations, any one of which is an alternative to the classical Kemeny-Snell-Bogart metric. These semimetrics are based solely on the implications of preferences for choice behavior and thus appear more suitable in economic contexts and choice experiments. We obtain a fairly simple axiomatic characterization for the class we propose. The apparently most important member of this class, which we dub the “top-difference semimetric,” is characterized separately. We also obtain alternative formulae for it and, relative to this particular metric, compute the diameter of the space of complete and transitive preferences, as well as the best transitive extension of a given acyclic preference relation. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.2022.0351 .
Intra-soft tissue and intramedullary antibiotic perfusion in combination with negative pressure wound therapy
Authors: Kitano Daiki , Sakurai Atsushi , Kuwazuru Kenji , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Taniguchi Tomoya , Takahara Shunsuke 
Published: October 2023

Objective: Intra-soft tissue and intramedullary antibiotic perfusion (iSAP and iMAP), which combine continuous administration of antibiotic solution to the wound and negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), have been reported to be a useful management approach for hard-to-heal ulcers in the field of orthopaedic surgery. We report the efficacy of this treatment and discuss the key points. Method: The recipients of this treatment had contaminated fresh severe trauma with a high risk of infection, or hard-to-heal ulcers which were expected to be difficult to manage with conventional NPWT alone. Continuous administration of 1200µg/ml of gentamicin (GM) solution to the wound was performed along with NPWT. The GM solution was administered subcutaneously using a small catheter for iSAP, while intramedullary administration used a bone marrow needle for iMAP. Results: iSAP was employed in all 10 patients who took part, and iMAP in three of these patients. The average treatment time was 13.6 days with iSAP and 9.3 days with iMAP. The mean serum GM level during the therapy was 1.02µg/ml. Moderate GM-induced acute kidney injury was suspected in one case, but resolved spontaneously after GM administration was stopped. Favourable wound bed preparation was achieved in all cases without recurrence of infection. Conclusion: Combination with continuous suction by NPWT is able to keep the local concentration of antibiotic above the minimum inhibitory concentration of biofilm-coated bacteria within the wound. We have referred to this treatment as continuous local antibiotic perfusion. Further investigation of local pharmacodynamics in the wound and side-effects of this treatment are warranted.
Discarding masters… then what? – about the role of masters in difficult times
Authors: Chrobak Stanisław , Lukasek Aleksandra Kinga 
Published: October 2023

Cel pracyNa przestrzeni lat postać mistrza uległa znacznym przeobrażeniom. Przyczyny bywają różne. Zapowiedzianym tytułem pragniemy zatem zaproponować Czytelnikowi refleksję nad potrzebą mistrza we współczesnej edukacji oraz namysł nad identyfikacją współczesnych wyzwań w tym zakresie. Wszystko to może stanowić szansę na ponowne odkrycie potrzeby mistrza w obecnej rzeczywistości szkolnej i akademickiej.Materiał i metodyOsoba mistrza jest przedmiotem zainteresowania nauk społecznych, a przede wszystkim pedagogiki. Podstawowym zatem materiałem badawczym w niniejszej pracy jest literatura odnosząca się do osoby mistrza. Dla interesującej nas tutaj problematyki zastosowano analizę treści oraz podejście hermeneutyczne polegające na interpretacji tekstu, uwzględniając przesłanki teoretyczne, konteksty kulturowe oraz wyzwania pedagogiczne.WynikiPodstawowym wyrazem troski o przyszłe pokolenia jest wychowanie i edukacja. Mistrzem jednak nie zostaje się na kredyt ani na próbę. Mistrz oznacza zatem osobę uczącą innych przez przekazywanie wiadomości (treści), wprowadzającą w świat wartości oraz kształtującą kompetencje i umiejętności, w tym uczenia się przez całe życie.WnioskiW wychowaniu i edukacji wiele zależy tu od samych nauczycieli-wychowawców. Gdy będą autentycznymi mistrzami, wówczas łatwiej im będzie przyciągać młodzież, gdy zaś będą tylko wykonywać swój zawód, trudno spodziewać się pozytywnych wyników ich pracy. Bycie sobą i bycie nauczycielem (mistrzem) nie kolidują ze sobą. Relacja mistrza i ucznia jest zawsze relacją osobową.
Operational programs of organizations of fruit and vegetable producers from the perspective of agricultural policy - assessment and recommendations
Authors: Kraciński Paweł Jakub , Bugała Anna , Zaremba Łukasz 
Published: October 2023

Cel pracyGłównym celem pracy jest ocena programów operacyjnych (P.O.) wdrażanych w organizacjach producentów owoców i warzyw (OP) jako narzędzia Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej (WPR) oraz sformułowanie rekomendacji na przyszłośćMateriał i metodyMetody badawcze opierają się na przeglądzie literatury przedmiotu oraz analizie dokumentów źródłowych związanych z P.O. (niepublikowane raporty agencji rządowych, akty prawne), wdrażanymi w latach 2013-2018. Opinie beneficjentów na temat P.O. uzyskano przeprowadzając wywiady kwestionariuszowe metodą CATI w populacji organizacji producentów owoców i warzyw (OP) korzystających z P.O.WynikiZidentyfikowano szereg słabości wynikających z wdrażania P.O., tj. nadmierne obciążenie skomplikowanymi obowiązkami administracyjnymi, czasochłonne i powtarzające się kontrole prowadzone w OP i niedostosowane mierniki rezultatów, które zniechęcają producentów do korzystania z P.O.WnioskiPrzyszłe programy operacyjne powinny zawierać większą liczbę dozwolonych do realizacji działań oraz gwarantować beneficjentom większą swobodę wyboru. Kontrole wykorzystania środków publicznych powinny być prowadzone sprawnie, uwzględniając konieczność minimalizacji nakładów pracy i innych obciążeń członków OP. Do oceny skuteczności P.O. powinny być zastosowane wskaźniki, które w sposób bardziej adekwatny mierzą rezultat podejmowanych działań i jednocześnie nie są uciążliwe dla beneficjentów.
Polarization diversity schemes for gas sensing applications: a comprehensive analysis and optimal design of high-performance S
i
1−x

G
e

x
mid-infrared asymmetric rib cross-slot waveguides
Authors: Kumar Harshvardhan , Bohra Tanisha , Sharma Apoorv , Menon P. Susthitha , Hatta Agus Muhamad 
Published: October 2023

This work presents the novel concept of silicon germanium (Si1−xGex) asymmetric rib cross-slot waveguides (ACWGs) as a potential solution for sensing a wide range of atmospheric gases in the mid-infrared (MIR) region. The investigation focuses on the analysis of Si1−xGex ACWGs, which encompass both vertical and horizontal slots. These waveguides are examined in the context of a polarization diversity scheme, aiming to provide robust confinement in the slot region for fundamental quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes. The fabrication of this WG can be achieved through the utilization of advanced complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. In order to enhance the sensing performance of the proposed WG-based sensors, the width of both horizontal and vertical slots is optimized to maximize the total slot power confinement factor (PCF). For the optimized ACWG structure, our simulated results reveal that the fundamental quasi-TM mode exhibits a higher PCF compared to the fundamental quasi-TE mode. In particular, the PCF values for the fundamental quasi-TM mode are found to be 76.4%, 86.8%, and 88.3% at λ=3.67µm (methane: CH4), 4.47 µm (nitrous oxide: N2O), and 4.67 µm (carbon monoxide: CO), respectively. Furthermore, when the propagation loss (α) is equal to 0.5 dB/cm, the corresponding sensitivity values for CH4, N2O, and CO are 3.77×10−7ppm−1, 6.98×10−5ppm−1, and 3.53×10−5ppm−1, respectively. Additionally, with α=0.5dB/cm and SNR=1dB, the minimum detectable concentration (Cmin) of CH4, N2O, and CO is determined, yielding related values of 0.24 ppm, 1.3×10−3ppm, and 2.6×10−3ppm. The simulated results demonstrate better values of PCF, sensitivity, and Cmin when compared to previously reported sensors based on vertical slot WG, horizontal slot WG, or cross-slot WG. Thus, the proposed ACWG structure presents a potential avenue for the development of highly efficient MIR photonic gas sensors.
DNase I targeted degradation of neutrophil extracellular traps to reduce the damage on IgAV rat
Authors: Chen Xiu-Qi , Tu Li , Tang Qing , Zou Jia-Sen , Yun Xiang , Qin Yuan-Han 
Published: October 2023

Background
In the past two years, studies have found a significant increase in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in patients with IgA vasculitis (IgAV), which is correlated with the severity of the disease. NETs have been reported as an intervention target in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of targeted degradation of NETs using DNase I in IgAV rat model.

Methods
Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the IgAV model group, the DNase I intervention group and the normal control group, with an average of 8 rats in each group. The model group was established by using Indian ink, ovalbumin, and Freund’s complete adjuvant. In the intervention group, DNase I was injected through tail vein 3 days before the end of established model. The circulating cell free-DNA (cf-DNA) and myeloperoxidase-DNA (MPO-DNA) were analyzed. The presence of NETs in the kidney, gastric antrum and descending duodenum were detected using multiple fluorescences immunohistochemistry and Western blots. Morphological changes of the tissues were observed.

Results
After the intervention of DNase I, there was a significant reduction in cf-DNA and MPO-DNA levels in the intervention group compared to the IgAV model group (all P<0.001). The presence of NETs in renal, gastric, and duodenal tissues of the intervention group exhibited a significant decrease compared to the IgAV model group (P < 0.01). Moreover, the intervention group demonstrated significantly lower levels of renal MPO and citrullinated histone H3 (citH3) protein expression when compared to the IgAV model group (all P < 0.05). The HE staining results of intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in congestion within glomerular and interstitial capillaries. Moreover, there was a notable improvement in gastric and intestinal mucosa necrosis, congestion and bleeding. Additionally, there was a substantial decrease in inflammatory cells infiltration.

Conclusion
The degradation of NETs can be targeted by DNase I to mitigate tissue damage in IgAV rat models. Targeted regulation of NETs holds potential as a therapeutic approach for IgAV.
The effectiveness of mindfulness training in improving medical students’ stress, depression, and anxiety
Authors: Alzahrani Ahmed M. , Hakami Ahmed , AlHadi Ahmad , Al-maflehi Nassr , Aljawadi Mohammed H. , Alotaibi Rawan M. , Alzahrani Muhannad M. , Alammari Salem Ali , Batais Mohammed A. , Almigbal Turky H. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
There is growing interest in Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program to combat mental distress in medical students. In Saudi Arabia, literature is insufficient about MBSR and its effectiveness. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of MBSR in improving mindful state, stress, anxiety, and depression in medical students. Also, the study explores the association between the attendance rate of MBSR sessions and its effectiveness. Lastly, the study examines gender differences in response to MBSR.

Methods
This is a stratified randomized controlled study of 84 medical students from two medical schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. They were recruited voluntarily from November 2018 to April 2021, and allocated to MBSR and waitlist groups using a stratified randomization method based on gender. MBSR group received eight weeks of sessions through audiovisual materials. An online survey utilizing validated questionnaires assessing stress, mindfulness, anxiety, and depression was used to evaluate both groups pre-program (time 0), post-program (time 1), and three months later (time 2).

Results
Seventy-one participants completed the post-test (time 1). There were no differences between study groups at time 0 and 1. However, in 41 subjects who completed the follow-up test (time 2), the anxiety dropped significantly in MBSR group (mean difference (MD), -3.935; 95% CI, -7.580 to -0.290). Furthermore, attending more MBSR sessions was inversely correlated with depression (r, -0.556; P, 0.002), and anxiety (r, -0.630; P, 0.000). Compared to their baseline, males in MBSR group improved in stress (MD, 3.08; 95% CI, 0.30 to 5.86), anxiety (MD, 4.91; 95% CI, 3.32 to 6.50), and mindfulness (MD, -0.58; 95% CI, -1.01 to -0.15), while females improved in stress (MD, 2.64; 95% CI, 0.02 to 5.26).

Conclusion
Despite the study being interrupted by the stressful COVID-19 outbreak, the findings suggest that MBSR improved psychological outcomes when participants commit to the program.