bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the effectiveness of adulticide application interventions on mitigating local transmission of dengue virus
Authors: Kummer Allisandra G. , Wilke André B.B. , Ventura Paulo C. , Vasquez Chalmers , Medina Johana , Unlu Isik , Gonzalez Yaziri , Mhlanga Adequate , Benelli Giovanni , Ejima Keisuke , Mutebi John-Paul , Ajelli Marco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The southern US has a large presence of mosquito vector species for dengue virus (DENV) and experiences thousands of DENV importations every year, which have led to several local outbreaks. Adulticide spraying targeting active mosquitoes is one of the most common insecticide strategies used as a response to an outbreak. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of adulticide spraying conducted at different times of the day to curb DENV transmission. Based on unique dataset dataset of Aedes aegypti diel activity patterns in Miami-Dade County, Florida, and Brownsville, Texas, we developed a mechanistic model of DENV transmission, which simulates adulticide spraying interventions. We estimated that spraying adulticide for 14 consecutive days at 7am or 8pm was highly effective in reducing DENV outbreak probability from 10% in the absence of interventions to 0.1% for Miami-Dade County, and from 7.8% to 0.1% for Brownsville. Moreover, in case of a local outbreak in Miami-Dade County, we estimated the median number of symptomatic infections after the identification of a local outbreak to be reduced from 67.0 (IQR: 25.5-103.0) in the absence of interventions to 1.0 (IQR: 0.0-2.0) when spraying adulticide for 14 consecutive days at 8pm. In Brownsville, the same intervention is estimated to lead to a decrease from 15.0 (IQR: 7.0-33.0) cases to 1.0 (IQR: 0.0-2.0). Our study highlights the importance of considering diel activity patterns of vector mosquito species in arbovirus preparedness and response planning and provide quantitative evidence to guide the decision-making of mosquito control authorities.
Snail Homing and Mating Search Algorithm: A Novel Bio-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithm
Authors: kulkarni Anand Jayant , Kale Ishaan , Shastri Apoorva , Khandekar Aayush 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In this paper, a novel Snail Homing and Mating Search (SHMS) algorithm is proposed. It is inspired from the biological behaviour of the snails. Snails continuously travels to find food and a mate, leaving behind a trail of mucus that serves as a guide for their return. Snails tend to navigate by following the available trails on the ground and responding to cues from nearby shelter homes. The proposed SHMS algorithm is investigated by solving several unimodal and multimodal functions. The solutions are validated using standard statistical tests such as two-sided and pairwise signed rank Wilcoxon test and Friedman rank test. The solution obtained from the SHMS algorithm exhibited superior robustness as well as search space exploration capabilities within the less computational cost. The real-world application of SHMS algorithm is successfully demonstrated in the engineering design domain by solving three cases of design and economic optimization shell and tube heat exchanger problem. The objective function value and other statistical results obtained using SHMS algorithm are compared with other well-known metaheuristic algorithms.
RISEinFAMILY project: a study protocol for the integration of families at Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) to empower them as primary caregivers
Authors: Alferink Milène T. , Moreno-Sanz Barbara , Cabrera-Lafuente Marta , Ergenekon Ebru , de Haan Timo R. , Kempen Anne A.M.W. van , Lakhwani Jyoti , Rabe Heike , Zaharie Gabriela C. , Pellicer A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Family Integrated Care (FICare) has demonstrated positive outcomes for sick neonates and has alleviated the psychological burden faced by families. FICare involves structured training for professionals and caregivers along with the provision of resources to offer physical and psychological support to parents. However, FICare implementation has been primarily limited to developed countries. It remains crucial to assess the scalability of this model in overcoming social-cultural barriers and conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis. The RISEinFAMILY project aims to develop an adapted FICare model that can serve as the international standard for neonatal care, accommodating various cultural, architectural, and socio-economic contexts.
Methods
RISEinFAMILY is a pluri-cultural, stepped wedge cluster controlled trial conducted in Spain, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Romania, Turkey and Zambia. Eligible participants include infant-family dyads admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) requiring specialised neonatal care for a minimum expected duration of 7 days, provided there are no comprehension barriers. Notably, this study will incorporate a value of implementation analysis on FICare, which can inform policy decisions regarding investment in implementation activities, even in situations with diverse data.
Discussion
This study aims to evaluate the scalability and adaptation of FICare across a broader range of geographical and sociocultural contexts and address its sustainability. Furthermore, it seeks to compare the RISEinFAMILY model with standard care, examining differences in short-term newborn outcomes, family mental health, and professional satisfaction.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT06087666 Registered on 17.10.2023. Protocol version: 19 December 2022; version 2.2.
The Split Friction Model - The Isotropic Origin of the Lateral Force in Curling
Authors: Ziegler Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The deviation of a curling stone with 1-5 rotations in a normal game can be explained with the isotropic nature of friction. Due to isotropy, the lateral force arises as a delta of asymmetric friction forces opposite to the centripetal forces. Considering lubricant accumulation, the quadratic Stribeck-curve on the advancing side is modified to show rather constant values. Below a critical velocity difference of the two sides this will result in a curl. For few rotations, an exact calculation based on experimental measurements explains the observed deviation of roundabout 1m declining with increasing rotations. The deviation above 5 rotations can be explained considering statics and additional heuristic calculations that involve Scratch Theory with respect to gyroscopic precession as well as crush probability. All this then yields a graph that also explains the observed increasing deviation up to 2m for 80 rotations.
PAC Codes: 81.40.Pq
Scientific Review of Protocols to Enhance Informativeness of Global Health Clinical Trials
Authors: Burford Belinda , Norman Thea , Dolley Shawn 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Trial informativeness describes the likelihood of a clinical trial to have a meaningful impact on clinical practice, research or policy decisions. A dedicated scientific review process for protocols at the post-funding stage is not common, yet is an opportunity to enhance trial informativeness. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), as one of the largest non-industry funders of clinical trials in the world, created a group called Design, Analyze, Communicate (DAC). DAC began expert scientific reviews of a sample of grantees’ trial protocols in 2019. We categorized and quantified areas of scientific review feedback provided for 52 clinical trial protocols submitted to DAC over a 3-year period. Knowledge of feedback themes offers insight into potential areas of trial design weakness, which may be helpful in considering the types of support best offered in the early stages of trial design for global health clinical trials.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of protocol review feedback provided by DAC to grantees. Protocols were submitted to BMGF between 2020–2022. A qualitative content analysis was conducted by developing a codebook of clinical trial methodology topics and subtopics, and systematically coding free-text review feedback. Manual text classification of individual feedback statements enabled quantification and frequency analysis of review feedback.
Results
A total of 1537 individual recommendations were made across all 52 protocols. The median number of recommendations per protocol was 28 (range: 13 to 52), covering a wide range of issues related to clinical trial design, implementation, analysis, and impact. Nearly half of all recommendations (47%) were characterized by the review team as high priority. The areas with the highest frequency of recommendations were Statistics and Data Analysis, Trial Procedures, and Intervention/Dose.
Conclusions
This study provides a taxonomy of scientific review feedback topic areas that can be used to categorize clinical trial design topics. The high number of recommendations per protocol review across several distinct topic areas highlights the need for a scientific review to enhance informativeness of global health clinical trials. This review must take place prior to trial initiation and review teams should include statistical and trial design expertise with additional expertise tailored to trial/intervention type and phase.
Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy and Its Association with Preeclampsia and Gestational Diabetes: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Avsar Huseyin Aytug , Atlihan Ufuk , Ata Can , Erkilinc Selcuk 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is the most common pregnancy-specific liver disease. It occurs in approximately 1/1000 to 1/10000 of pregnancies and usually resolves during the postpartum period without causing any hepatic sequelae or mortality in the mother. This is a condition complicated by itching in the body, increased liver enzymes and fasting bile acid levels (≥ 10 µmol/L). Although the relationship of intrahepatic cholestasis (ICP) with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia has been evaluated in studies, there are few studies examining the relationship of intrahepatic cholestasis with GDM and preeclampsia.
Methods
Patients who gave birth in our hospital between January 2018 and March 2022 were retrospectively reviewed from the hospital database and patient file records. Patients who were diagnosed with intrahepatic cholestasis and gave birth during the study period were retrospectively compared with all other patients who gave birth.
Results
In our study, consistent with previous studies, we demonstrated a higher risk of GDM and pre-eclampsia in women with ICP compared to those without ICP. In our study, we observed a significant correlation between ICP and adverse perinatal outcomes. There was a statistically significant relation between the presence of ICP and spontaneous preterm delivery, iatrogenic preterm delivery, 5th minute Apgar score < 7 and presence of Neonatal Care Unit (NICU). On the other hand, no significant relationship was found between the presence of ICP and the presence of Small Gestational Age (SGA) and meconium. In our study, there was a significant relationship between the presence of ICP and mode of delivery, and the presence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) (p < 0.05). Those with ICP were found to have a lower gestational week and birth weight at birth, and a higher rate of caesarean delivery and PPH.
Conclusion
Our study suggested that patients with ICP had increased risk of development of GDM and preeclampsia.
Field Cycling Imaging: a novel modality to characterise breast cancer at low and ultra-low magnetic fields below 0.2T
Authors: Mallikourti Vasiliki , Ross Peter , Maier Oliver , Hanna Katie , Hussein Ehab , Davies Gareth , Lurie David , Lip Gerald , Lahrech Hana , Masannat Yazan , Broche Lionel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

We propose Field-Cycling Imaging (FCI), a new MRI technology accessing a range of low and ultra-low magnetic fields (2mT to 0.2T), to acquire longitudinal relaxation time over 4 orders of magnitude of field strength, and covering the whole body. FCI obtains the Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Dispersion (NMRD) profiles of tissues, which probes molecular dynamics at micro- to nanometer scales. We present a prospective study including 10 female patients with breast cancers. Low magnetic fields clearly differentiate tumours from adipose and glandular tissues and discriminates true tumour extent beyond that of conventional imaging, matching the true pathological size of the lesion. Using our FCI prototype, T1 variations at low and ultra-low field discriminate invasive from non-invasive cancers in patients (p < 0.05). To our knowledge, we described the first application of in vivo FCI in breast cancer, demonstrating relevant biomarkers that complement diagnosis of current imaging modalities, non-invasively and without contrast agents.
A quantum-assisted master clock in the sky: global synchronization from satellites at sub-nanosecond precision
Authors: Haldar Stav , Ducoing Sage , Agullo Ivan , Troupe James 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This article develops a protocol to synchronize clocks on board a network of satellites equipped with quantum resources. We show that, in such a constellation, satellites reinforce each other's sync capabilities, forming a common clock that is more stable and precise than its constituents. We envision the resulting network as a master clock able to distribute time across the globe, providing the basis for a future quantum global navigation satellite system or a space-based quantum network. As an example of its capabilities, we show that a constellation of 50 satellites equipped with modest quantum resources, and distributed amongst 5 orbits at an altitude of 500 km, allows the synchronization of clocks spread across the globe at sub-nanosecond precision.
Anomalous frozen evanescent phonons
Authors: Chen Yi , Schneider Jonathan , Wang Ke , Scott Philip , Kalt Sebastian , Kadic Muamer , Wegener Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Evanescent Bloch waves are eigensolutions of spatially periodic problems for complex-valued wavenumbers at finite frequencies, corresponding to solutions that oscillate in time and space and that exponentially decay in space. Such evanescent waves are ubiquitous in optics, plasmonics, elasticity, and acoustics. In the limit of zero frequency, the wave “freezes” in time. We introduce frozen evanescent waves as the eigensolutions of the Bloch periodic problem at zero eigenfrequency. Elastic waves, i.e., phonons, in metamaterials serve as an example. We show that, in the complex plane, the Cauchy-Riemann equations for analytical functions connect the minima of the phonon band structure to frozen evanescent phonons. Their exponential decay length becomes unusually large if a minimum in the band structure tends to zero and thereby approaches a soft mode. This connection between unusual static and dynamic behaviors allows to engineer large characteristic decay lengths in static elasticity. For finite-size samples, the static solutions for given boundary conditions are linear combinations of frozen evanescent phonons, leading to interference effects. Theory and experiment are in excellent agreement. Anomalous behavior includes the violation of Saint Venant’s principle, which means that large decay-length frozen evanescent phonons can potentially be applied in terms of remote mechanical sensing.
At-home Wearable-based Monitoring and Machine Learning Predicts Clinical Measures and Biological Biomarkers of Disease Severity in Friedreich's Ataxia
Authors: Vaziri Ashkan , Mishra Ram , Nunes Adonay , Enriquez Ana ,   Victoria Profeta2, Wells McKenzie , Lynch David 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) results in progressive impairment in gait, upper extremity coordination, and speech. Currently, these symptoms are assessed through expert examination at clinical visits. Such in-clinic assessments are time-consuming, subjective, of limited sensitivity, and provide only a limited perspective of the daily disability of patients. In this study, we recruited 39 FRDA patients and remotely monitored their physical activity and upper extremity function using a set of wearable sensors for 7 consecutive days. We compared the sensor-derived metrics of lower and upper extremity function as measured during activities of daily living with FDRA clinical measures (e.g., mFARS and FA-ADL) and biological biomarkers of disease severity (guanine-adenine-adenine (GAA) and frataxin (FXN) levels). The results showed significant correlations with moderate to high effect size between multiple sensor-derived metrics and the FRDA clinical and biological outcomes. Finally, we developed multiple machine learning-based models to predict disease severity in FRDA using demographic, biological, and sensor-derived metrics. When sensor-derived metrics were included, the model performance enhanced 1.5-fold and 2-fold in terms of coefficient of determination for predicting FRDA clinical measures and biological biomarkers of disease severity, respectively. Our results signify the potential of at-home remote monitoring in assessing disease severity and monitoring motor dysfunction in FRDA.
Quantification of Entanglement and Coherence with Purity Detection
Authors: Lu He , Zhang Ting , Smith Graemn , Smolin John , Liu Lu , Peng Xu-Jie , Zhao Qi , Girolami Davide , Ma Xiongfeng , Yuan Xiao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Entanglement and coherence are fundamental properties of quantum systems, promising to power near future quantum technologies, such as quantum computation, quantum communication and quantum metrology. Yet, their quantification, rather than mere detection, generally requires reconstructing the spectrum of quantum states, i.e., experimentally challenging measurement sets that increase exponentially with the system size. Here, we demonstrate quantitative bounds to operationally useful entanglement and coherence that are universally valid, analytically computable, and experimentally friendly. Specifically, our main theoretical results are lower and upper bounds to the coherent information and the relative entropy of coherence in terms of local and global purities of quantum states. To validate our proposal, we experimentally implement two purity detection methods in an optical system: shadow estimation with random measurements and collective measurements on pairs of state copies. The experiment shows that both the coherent information and the relative entropy of coherence of pure and mixed unknown quantum states can be bounded by purity functions. Our research offers an efficient means of verifying large-scale quantum information processing.
Green approach for fabrication of high-quality graphene nanosheet from the waste of PET bottle plastic and wood sawdust by co-pyrolysis technology for dye adsorption from aqueous solution
Authors: Fouladi Mona , Heydari Maryam Kavousi , Tavakoli Omid , Hafezi Yousef 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Among carbon-based nanoparticles, graphene has garnered significant attention since its discovery as a carbon allotrope, owing to its unique two-dimensional structure and outstanding characteristics. In this research study, we present an environmentally friendly, cost-effective technique with the potential for mass production of valuable products such as graphene nanosheets. Graphene was derived from a mixture of wood sawdust and Polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) bottles as the feedstock, along with a combination of sand and plant fertilizer (S/PF) that was modified by oxalic acid (OA) acting as a catalyst. The feedstock was successfully converted to graphite using a two-step fluidized-bed co-pyrolysis technology. Firstly, an experiment was conducted under a nitrogen atmosphere, subjecting the mixture to 500°C for 30 minutes at a ramping rate of 5°C/min, resulting in the synthesis of a black-charged residue. In the second step, graphite was obtained by subjecting the residue to 800°C for 2 hours at a ramping rate of 10°C/min, using the acid-modified catalyst in a nitrogen atmosphere. Finally, graphene nanosheets were produced from graphite through microwave-assisted liquid phase exfoliation. Due to the exceptional features of the synthesized graphene, it was used as an adsorbent for the removal of two organic dyes Rhodamine B (RB) and Malachite green (MG) from an aqueous solution. The effects of various factors on the adsorption capacity were studied in detail. The chemical structure and morphology of the synthesized samples were analyzed using advanced characterization techniques like XRD, FTIR, EDX, TGA, DTGA, and ZETA to determine the structure of graphene nanosheets and the degree of graphitization.
Navigating the complex dynamics of anesthesiologists’ professional identity formation in the context of their specialty training program: a phenomenographic perspective.
Authors: * Hanna Chin , Ingerman Åke , Block Linda , Hergès Helena Odentstedt 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
A specialty training program is crucial for shaping future specialist doctors, imparting clinical knowledge and skills, and fostering a robust professional identity. This study investigates how anesthesiologists develop their professional identity, examining the unique challenges they face in gaining respect, balancing leadership and service duties, and establishing diverse work relationships. Professional identity in anesthesiology significantly influences well-being, teamwork, and patient safety, making it a crucial aspect of anesthesiology education. The study utilizes Creuss's model to describe professional identity formation as a socialization process within the anesthesiology community. Using phenomenography, the research explores various personal experiences and perspectives of this process, providing valuable insights for enhancing future anesthetic educational programs.
Method
Data for this phenomenographic study were collected through semi-structured interviews with anesthesia trainees and specialists, guided by open-ended questions. Conducted at a Swedish university hospital, participant selection used purposive sampling, reaching data saturation after 15 interviews. Iterative analysis followed the seven-step phenomenographic approach. The research team, comprising qualitative research and anesthesiology education experts, ensured result validity through regular review, discussion, and reflective practices.
Results
The study reveals three fundamental dimensions: 'Knowledge of Subject Matter,' 'Knowledge of Human Relations,' and 'Knowledge of Affect.' These dimensions offer insights into how anesthetists comprehend anesthesiology subjects, navigate interactions with colleagues and patients, and interpret emotional experiences in anesthesiology practice – all crucial elements in the formation of professional identity. The findings could be synthesized and described by three conceptions: The Outcome-Driven Learner, the Emerging Collaborator, and the Self-Directed Caregiver.
Conclusion
The study uncovers differing understandings in the development of anesthesiologists' professional identity, underscoring the necessity for a customized educational approach. Varying priorities, values, and role interpretations highlight the shortcomings of a generic, one-size-fits-all strategy. By acknowledging and integrating these nuanced perspectives, as elucidated in detail in this study, the future of anesthesia education can be enriched. This will necessitate a holistic approach, intertwining and focusing on humanities, tacit knowledge, and flexible teaching strategies, to guarantee thorough professional development, lifelong learning, and resilience.