bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deciphering Factors Linked With Reduced Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Susceptibility in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Authors: Abela Irene A , Hauser Anthony , Schwarzmüller Magdalena , Pasin Chloé , Kusejko Katharina , Epp Selina , Cavassini Matthias , Battegay Manuel , Rauch Andri , Calmy Alexandra , Notter Julia , Bernasconi Enos , Fux Christoph A , Leuzinger Karoline , Perreau Matthieu , Ramette Alban , Gottschalk Jochen , Schindler Eméry , Wepf Alexander , Marconato Maddalena , Manz Markus G , Frey Beat M , Braun Dominique L , Huber Michael , Günthard Huldrych F , Trkola Alexandra , Kouyos Roger D ,   Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Abela I A , Aebi-Popp K , Anagnostopoulos A , Battegay M , Bernasconi E , Braun D L , Bucher H C , Calmy A , Cavassini M , Ciuffi A , Dollenmaier G , Egger M , Elzi L , Fehr J , Fellay J , Furrer H , Fux C A , Günthard H F , Hachfeld A , Haerry D , Hasse B , Hirsch H H , Hoffmann M , Hösli I , Huber M , Jackson-Perry D , Kahlert C R , Kaiser L , Keiser O , Klimkait T , Kouyos R D , Kovari H , Kusejko K , Labhardt N , Leuzinger K , Martinez de Tejada B , Marzolini C , Metzner K J , Müller N , Nemeth J , Nicca D , Notter J , Paioni P , Pantaleo G , Perreau M , Rauch A , Salazar-Vizcaya L , Schmid P , Speck R , Stöckle M , Tarr P , Trkola A , Wandeler G , Weisser M , Yerly S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Factors influencing susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remain to be resolved. Using data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study on 6270 people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and serologic assessment for SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronavirus (HCoV) antibodies, we investigated the association of HIV-related and general parameters with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods
We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test results, COVID-19–related hospitalizations, and deaths reported to the Swiss HIV Cohort Study between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs were determined in prepandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020) biobanked plasma samples and compared with findings in HIV-negative individuals. We applied logistic regression, conditional logistic regression, and bayesian multivariate regression to identify determinants of SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV.

Results
No HIV-1–related factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition. High prepandemic HCoV antibodies were associated with a lower risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and with higher SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses on infection. We observed a robust protective effect of smoking on SARS-CoV-2 infection risk (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46 [95% confidence interval, .38–.56]; P &lt; .001), which occurred even in previous smokers and was highest for heavy smokers.

Conclusions
Our findings of 2 independent protective factors, smoking and HCoV antibodies, both affecting the respiratory environment, underscore the importance of the local immune milieu in regulating susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.
Recent advances in the epithelial barrier theory
Authors: Pat Yagiz , Yazici Duygu , D’Avino Paolo , Li Manru , Ardicli Sena , Ardicli Ozge , Mitamura Yasutaka , Akdis Mübeccel , Dhir Raja , Nadeau Kari , Agache Ioana , Ogulur Ismail , Akdis Cezmi A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The epithelial barrier theory links the recent rise in chronic non-communicable diseases, notably autoimmune and allergic disorders, to environmental agents disrupting the epithelial barrier. Global pollution and environmental toxic agent exposure have worsened over six decades because of uncontrolled growth, modernization, and industrialization, affecting human health. Introducing new chemicals without any reasonable control of their health effects through these years has led to documented adverse effects, especially on the skin and mucosal epithelial barriers. These substances, such as particulate matter, detergents, surfactants, food emulsifiers, micro- and nano-plastics, diesel exhaust, cigarette smoke, and ozone, have been shown to compromise the epithelial barrier integrity. This disruption is linked to the opening of the tight-junction barriers, inflammation, cell death, oxidative stress, and metabolic regulation. Consideration must be given to the interplay of toxic substances, underlying inflammatory diseases, and medications, especially in affected tissues. This review article discusses the detrimental effect of environmental barrier-damaging compounds on human health and involves cellular and molecular mechanisms.
Autoclaving time-related reduction in amino acid digestibility of poultry meal in broiler chickens and growing pigs
Authors: Sung Jung Yeol , Park Chan Sol , Ragland Darryl , Caroline González-Vega J , Wiltafsky-Martin Markus K , Adeola Olayiwola 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Poultry meal, a rendered byproduct of poultry slaughter, is a valuable protein source in swine and poultry diets because of its highly digestible protein content and balanced amino acid (AA) profile. Rendering of poultry meal may reduce its AA digestibility because of heat damage to the byproduct. The effect of heat damage on AA digestibility of poultry meal may be different between broiler chickens and growing pigs. For this reason, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of autoclaving time on standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in poultry meal fed to broiler chickens and growing pigs. Poultry meal from the same batch was autoclaved at 134 °C for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 min to produce seven heat-treated samples. Eight experimental diets were formulated. Poultry meal served as the sole source of nitrogen in seven diets that each contained one of the heat-treated byproducts and a nitrogen-free diet was formulated to assess basal ileal endogenous losses of AA. In experiment 1, 656 male broiler chickens (initial body weight = 719 ± 97 g) at day 18 post hatching were assigned to the eight diets in a randomized complete block design with body weight as a blocking factor. On day 23, birds were euthanized by CO2 asphyxiation and dissected for the collection of ileal digesta. In experiment 2, 16 barrows (initial body weight = 23.3 ± 0.7 kg) were surgically fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum and allotted to a duplicate 8 × 4 incomplete Latin square design with the eight diets and four periods. Each experimental period consisted of 5-day adaptation and 2-day ileal digesta collection periods. Data for experiments 1 and 2 were pooled and analyzed as a 2 × 7 factorial treatment arrangement with the effects of species (i.e., pigs and broiler chickens) and autoclaving time (i.e., 0 to 180 min) as the two factors. Increasing autoclaving time decreased SID of nitrogen and all AA in both species, but the decrease in SID values except for leucine was greater (interaction, P &lt; 0.05) or tended to be greater in pigs compared with broiler chickens. Given the species differences in AA utilization response to the severity of heat damage, target species should be considered when using SID of AA values of poultry meal in diet formulation.
Direct visualization of ribosomes in the cell-free system revealed the functional evolution of aminoglycoside
Authors: Tomono Junta , Asano Kosuke , Chiashi Takuma , Suzuki Masato , Igarashi Masayuki , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Tanaka Yoshikazu , Yokoyama Takeshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The rapid emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria has raised a serious public health concern. Therefore, new antibiotic developments have been highly desired. Here, we propose a new method to visualize antibiotic actions on translating ribosomes in the cell-free system under macromolecular crowding conditions by cryo-electron microscopy, designated as the DARC method: the Direct visualization of Antibiotic binding on Ribosomes in the Cell-free translation system. This new method allows for acquiring a more comprehensive understanding of the mode of action of antibiotics on the translation inhibition without ribosome purification. Furthermore, with the direct link to biochemical analysis at the same condition as cryo-EM observation, we revealed the evolution of 2-DOS aminoglycosides from dibekacin (DBK) to arbekacin (ABK) by acquiring the synthetic tailored anchoring motif to lead to stronger binding affinity to ribosomes. Our cryo-EM structures of DBK and ABK bound ribosomes in the cell-free environment clearly depicted a synthetic tailored γ-amino-α-hydroxybutyryl (HABA) motif formed additional interactions with the ribosome enhancing antibiotic bindings. This new approach would be valuable for understanding the function of antibiotics for more efficient drug development.
Locating algorithm of steel stock area with asynchronous advantage actor-critic reinforcement learning
Authors: Cho Young-in , Kim Byeongseop , Yoon Hee-Chang , Woo Jong Hun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the steel stockyard of the shipyard, the sorting work to relocate the steel plates already stacked to retrieve the target steel plate on the fabrication schedule is labor-consuming work requiring the operation of overhead cranes. To reduce the sorting work, there is a need for a method of stacking the steel plates in order of fabrication schedules when the steel plates arrive at the shipyard from the steel-making companies. However, the conventional optimization algorithm and heuristics have limitations in determining the optimal stacking location of steel plates because the real-world stacking problems in shipyards have vast solution space in addition to the uncertainty in the arrival order of steel plates. In this study, reinforcement learning is applied to the development of a real-time stacking algorithm for steel plates considering the fabrication schedule. Markov decision process suitable for the stacking problem is defined, and the optimal stacking policy is learned using an asynchronous advantage actor-critic algorithm. The learned policy is tested on several problems by varying the number of steel plates. The test results indicate that the proposed method is effective for minimizing the use of cranes compared with other metaheuristics and heuristics for stacking problems.
The orphan G protein–coupled receptor 141 expressed in myeloid cells functions as an inflammation suppressor
Authors: Sawabe Atsuya , Okazaki Shogo , Nakamura Akira , Goitsuka Ryo , Kaifu Tomonori 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate many cellular processes in response to various stimuli, including light, hormones, neurotransmitters, and odorants, some of which play critical roles in innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the physiological functions of many GPCRs and the involvement of them in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that GPR141, an orphan GPCR belonging to the class A receptor family, suppresses immune responses. High GPR141 messenger RNA levels were expressed in myeloid-lineage cells, including neutrophils (CD11b + Gr1+), monocytes (CD11b + Gr1−Ly6C+ and CD11b + Gr1−Ly6C−), macrophages (F4/80+), and dendritic cells (CD11c+). Gpr141 −/− mice, which we independently generated, displayed almost no abnormalities in myeloid cell differentiation and compartmentalization in the spleen and bone marrow under steady-state conditions. However, Gpr141 deficiency exacerbated disease conditions of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an autoimmune disease model for multiple sclerosis, with increased inflammation in the spinal cord. Gpr141 −/− mice showed increased CD11b + Gr1+ neutrophils, CD11b + Gr1− monocytes, CD11c+ dendritic cells, and CD4+ T cell infiltration into the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis–induced spinal cord compared with littermate control mice. Lymphocytes enriched from Gpr141 −/− mice immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35–55 produced high amounts of interferon-γ, interleukin-17A, and interleukin-6 compared with those from wild-type mice. Moreover, CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs) purified from Gpr141 −/− mice increased cytokine production of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35–55–specific T cells. These findings suggest that GPR141 functions as a negative regulator of immune responses by controlling the functions of monocytes and dendritic cells and that targeting GPR141 may be a possible therapeutic intervention for modulating chronic inflammatory diseases.
Enabling children to learn from religions whilst respecting their rights: against monopolies of influence
Authors: Gheaus Anca 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
John Tillson argues, on grounds of children’s well-being, that it is impermissible to teach them religious views. I defend a practice of pluralistically advocating religious views to children. As long as there are no monopolies of influence over children, and as long as advocates do not use coercion, deceit, or manipulation, children can greatly benefit without having their rational abilities subverted, or incurring undue risk to form false beliefs. This solution should counter, to some extent, both perfectionist and antiperfectionist reasons against initiating children into religions.
The diagnosis and management of solid pseudopapillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas in a resource-limited setting: two cases from Cameroon
Authors: Shu Chinonso P , Ngock George F F , Lisongwe Masango M G , Ndayong Nkwayeb R , Djomaleu Arnaud R , Yecke Macky F E , Brown James A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Solid pseudopapillary epithelial neoplasm (SPEN) of the pancreas is a rare tumor of low malignant potential that occurs most often in young females. Imaging and histopathology are necessary to confirm the diagnosis as most have no symptoms. Lack of access to these technologies in sub-Saharan Africa contributes to the difficulty in making an early and accurate diagnosis, and hence, impedes treatment. We present two cases of SPEN of the pancreas in young female patients at a rural, teaching hospital in Cameroon. The diagnosis was made only with histopathology. Computed tomography scan with intravenous contrast was essential to planning a safe surgical resection. Both patients had complete surgical resection with good results.
Du Bois on Government and Democratic Debate
Authors: Jeffers Chike 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
I argue that the second chapter of W.E.B. Du Bois’s The Souls of Black Folk has been underappreciated as a work of political philosophy, as Du Bois offers us in it a way of understanding what a government is and how to evaluate when a government is good. I relate Du Bois’s account of governmental leadership in that chapter to his critique of Booker T. Washington as a nongovernmental leader in chapter 3 of Souls. While doing this, I also pay attention to Du Bois’s account of democratic debate in chapter 3.
Combining genotype with height-adjusted kidney length predicts rapid progression of ADPKD
Authors: Chen Eugene W C , Chong Jiehan , Valluru Manoj K , Durkie Miranda , Simms Roslyn J , Harris Peter C , Ong Albert C M 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Our main objective was to identify baseline prognostic factors predictive of rapid disease progression in a large unselected clinical autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cohort.

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis was performed in 618 consecutive ADPKD patients assessed and followed-up for over a decade. A total of 123 patients (19.9%) had reached kidney failure by the study date. Data were available for the following: baseline eGFR (n = 501), genotype (n = 549), baseline ultrasound mean kidney length (MKL, n = 424) and height-adjusted baseline MKL (HtMKL, n = 377). Rapid disease progression was defined as an annualized eGFR decline (∆eGFR) of &gt;2.5 mL/min/year by linear regression over 5 years (n = 158). Patients were further divided into slow, rapid and very rapid ∆eGFR classes for analysis. Genotyped patients were classified into several categories: PKD1 (T, truncating; or NT, non-truncating), PKD2, other genes (non-PKD1 or -PKD2), no mutation detected or variants of uncertain significance.

Results
A PKD1-T genotype had the strongest influence on the probability of reduced baseline kidney function by age. A multivariate logistic regression model identified PKD1-T genotype and HtMKL (&gt;9.5 cm/m) as independent predictors for rapid disease progression. The combination of both factors increased the positive predictive value for rapid disease progression over age 40 years and of reaching kidney failure by age 60 years to 100%. Exploratory analysis in a subgroup with available total kidney volumes showed higher positive predictive value (100% vs 80%) and negative predictive value (42% vs 33%) in predicting rapid disease progression compared with the Mayo Imaging Classification (1C–E).

Conclusion
Real-world longitudinal data confirm the importance of genotype and kidney length as independent variables determining ∆eGFR. Individuals with the highest risk of rapid disease progression can be positively selected for treatment based on this combination.
Seroprevalence of dengue and chikungunya viruses among urban refugees in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Sahimin Norhidayu , Low Zhao Xuan , Hassandarvish Pouya , Mohd Hanapi Izzah Ruzana , Mohd Zain Siti Nursheena , Yahaya Hasmawati , Abu Bakar Sazaly 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant global public health threat, with Malaysia's Klang Valley experiencing numerous outbreaks in densely populated urban areas.

Methods
This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-dengue and anti-chikungunya antibodies among urban refugees in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, and identify associated risk factors.

Results
High seroprevalence of anti-dengue immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM (60.0% [confidence interval {CI} 55.39 to 64.48] and 9.2% [CI 6.77 to 12.25], respectively) were observed among refugees &gt;18 years of age (χ22=11.720, p=0.003), Kachin ethnicity (χ28=72.253, p&lt;0.001), without formal education (χ21=3.856, p=0.050), homes near waste disposal sites (χ21=10.378, p=0.001) and refugees who have experienced flooding (χ21=5.460, p=0.019). Meanwhile, the overall seroprevalence of anti-chikungunya IgG and IgM was 9.7% (CI 7.15 to 12.73) and 10.8% (CI 8.09 to 13.93), respectively, with ages 12–18 years (χ22=6.075, p=0.048), Rohingya ethnicity (χ28=31.631, p&lt;0.001) and homes close to waste disposal sites (χ21=3.912, p=0.048) being significant risk factors. Results showed a link to poor environmental living conditions, with an increase in the vector population with higher availability of breeding sites and thus exposure to dengue and chikungunya virus.

Conclusions
Health education among the community is the key to disease prevention, as there are no specific antiviral drugs for treatment and limited vaccine availability.
SPHK1/S1P/S1PR pathway promotes the progression of peritoneal fibrosis by mesothelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zhao Tingting , Ding Tao , Sun Zhengyu , Shao Xin , Li Shuangxi , Lu Hongtao , Yuan Ji‐hang , Guo Zhiyong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLong‐term exposure to non‐physiologically compatible dialysate inevitably leads to peritoneal fibrosis (PF) in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), and there is no effective prevention or treatment for PF. Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid produced after catalysis by sphingosine kinase (SPHK) 1/2 and activates signals through the S1P receptor (S1PR) via autocrine or paracrine. However, the role of SPHK1/S1P/S1PR signaling has never been elucidated in PF. In our research, we investigated S1P levels in peritoneal effluents and demonstrated the role of SPHK1/S1P/S1PR pathway in peritoneal fibrosis. It was found that S1P levels in peritoneal effluents were positively correlated with D/P Cr (r = 0.724, p < .001) and negatively correlated with 4 h ultrafiltration volume (r = −0.457, p < .001). S1PR1 and S1PR3 on peritoneal cells were increased after high glucose exposure in vivo and in vitro. Fingolimod was applied to suppress S1P/S1PR pathway. Fingolimod restored mouse peritoneal function by reducing interstitial hyperplasia, maintaining ultrafiltration volume, reducing peritoneal transport solute rate, and mitigating the protein expression changes of fibronectin, vimentin, α‐SMA, and E‐cadherin induced by PD and S1P. Fingolimod preserved the morphology of the human peritoneal mesothelial cells, MeT‐5A, and moderated the mesothelial‐mesenchymal transition (MMT) process. We further delineated that SPHK1 was elevated in peritoneal cells after high glucose exposure and suppression of SPHK1 in MeT‐5A cells reduced S1P release. Overexpression of SPHK1 in MeT‐5A cells increased S1P levels in the supernatant and fostered the MMT process. PF‐543 treatment, targeting SPHK1, alleviated deterioration of mouse peritoneal function. In conclusion, S1P levels in peritoneal effluent were correlated with the deterioration of peritoneal function. SPHK1/S1P/S1PR pathway played an important role in PF.
Hemolymph exosomes inhibit Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection by promoting Tetraspanin‐mediated hemocyte phagocytosis in crab
Authors: Ma Yubo , Yao Yu , Meng Xiang , Fu Hui , Li Jiaying , Luan Xiaoqi , Liu Min , Liu Hongli , Gu Wei , Hou Libo , Meng Qingguo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExosomes released from infected cells are thought to play an important role in the dissemination of pathogens, as well as in host‐derived immune molecules during infection. As an intracellular pathogen, Spiroplasma eriocheiris is harmful to multiple crustaceans. However, the immune mechanism of exosomes during Spiroplasma infection has not been investigated. Here, we found exosomes derived from S. eriocheiris‐infected crabs could facilitate phagocytosis and apoptosis of hemocytes, resulting in increased crab survival and suppression of Spiroplasma intracellular replication. Proteomic analysis revealed the altered abundance of EsTetraspanin may confer resistance to S. eriocheiris, possibly by mediating hemocyte phagocytosis in Eriocheir sinensis. Specifically, knockdown of EsTetraspanin in E. sinensis increased susceptibility to S. eriocheiris infection and displayed compromised phagocytic ability, whereas overexpression of EsTetraspanin in Drosophila S2 cells inhibited S. eriocheiris infection. Further, it was confirmed that intramuscular injection of recombinant LEL domain of EsTetraspanin reduced the mortality of S. eriocheiris‐infected crabs. Blockade with anti‐EsTetraspanin serum could exacerbate S. eriocheiris invasion of hemocytes and impair hemocyte phagocytic activity. Taken together, our findings prove for the first time that exosomes modulate phagocytosis to resist pathogenic infection in invertebrates, which is proposed to be mediated by exosomal Tetraspanin, supporting the development of preventative strategies against Spiroplasma infection.