bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Cassava Gum Hydrogel Associated with Chlorhexidine and Evaluation of Release and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Lima Idglan Sá de , Silva Albert Santos , Nascimento Ariane Maria Silva Santos , de Oliveira Luís Humberto , Morais Alan Ícaro Sousa , Barreto Humberto Medeiros , Peña‐Garcia Ramón , Cuevas Maria Del Mar Orta , Argôlo Neto Napoleão Martins , Osajima Josy Anteveli , Muniz Edvani Curti , da Silva‐Filho Edson Cavalcanti 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrogels from natural sources are attracting increasing interest due to their ability to protect biologically active molecules. Starch extracted from cassava tubers is a promising material for synthesizing these hydrogels. Copolymerization of cassava gum and incorporation of chlorhexidine digluconate (CLX) into the hydrogels is confirmed by changes in the crystallographic profile, as observed through X‐ray diffraction, and a shift in the 1000 cm−1 band in the Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum. The differential scanning calorimetry reveals changes in the decomposition temperature of the synthesized hydrogels related to CLX volatility. Micrographs illustrate the material's porosity. Release tests indicate a constant linear release over 72 h, while antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans is satisfactory, with 100% effectiveness from 0.5% CLX and the formation of inhibition halos. Toxicity and biocompatibility studies show no cytotoxicity. The continuous release of chlorhexidine is promising for components of biomedical implants and applications as it can ensure antimicrobial action according to specific therapeutic needs.
The z‐Average of Cross‐Linked Polymers
Authors: Bachmann Rolf 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStockmayer's formula for the weight average of cross‐linked primary chains is extended to the z‐average degree of polymerization . This average is a function of the weight‐ and z‐average degree of polymerization λw and λz of the primary chain distribution and the branching density α: . Higher averages of branched polymers from monomers of type and with functionalities f ⩾ 2 are discussed.
Stromal interaction molecule 1/microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B‐light chain 3B complex induces metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting autophagy
Authors: Wang Jingchun , Xie Qichao , Wu Lei , Zhou Yu , Xu Yanquan , Chen Yu , Zhang Jiangang , Ren Ran , Yang Shiming , Li Yongsheng , Zhao Huakan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetastasis is the leading cause of death in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and autophagy plays a crucial role in this process by orchestrating epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a central regulator of store‐operated calcium entry (SOCE) in nonexcitable cells, is involved in the development and spread of HCC. However, the impact of STIM1 on autophagy regulation during HCC metastasis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that STIM1 is temporally regulated during autophagy‐induced EMT in HCC cells, and knocking out (KO) STIM1 significantly reduces both autophagy and EMT. Interestingly, STIM1 enhances autophagy through both SOCE‐dependent and independent pathways. Mechanistically, STIM1 directly interacts with microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B‐light chain 3B (LC3B) to form a complex via the sterile‐α motif (SAM) domain, which promotes autophagosome formation. Furthermore, deletion of the SAM domain of STIM1 abolishes its binding with LC3B, leading to a decrease in autophagy and EMT in HCC cells. These findings unveil a novel mechanism by which the STIM1/LC3B complex mediates autophagy and EMT in HCC cells, highlighting a potential target for preventing HCC metastasis.
Glycerol‐3‐phosphate acyltransferase 3‐mediated lipid droplets accumulation confers chemoresistance of colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Ying , Xu Caihua , Yang Xianfeng , Liu Xiaofei , Guo Zijian , Lin Xinyu , Li Lihua , Huang Zhaohui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. It is well known that lipid metabolism reprogramming contributes to the tumor progression. However, the lipid metabolic alterations and potential remodeling mechanism underlying the chemoresistance of CRC remain largely unclear. In this study, we compared the gene expression profiles of chemoresistant versus control CRC cells from the GEO database and identified a key factor, Glycerol‐3‐phosphate acyltransferase 3 (GPAT3), that promotes lipid droplet (LD) production and confers chemoresistance of CRC. With applying of HPLC–MS and molecular dynamics simulation, we also demonstrated that the activity of lysophosphatidic acid synthesis by GPAT3 was dependent on its acetylation at K316 site. In particular, GPAT3‐mediated LD accumulation inhibited immunogenic cell death of tumor, and thus facilitated CD8+ T‐cell exhaustion and malignant progression in mouse xenografts and hepatic‐metastasis tumors in CRC patients. High GPAT3 expression turned CRC cells into nonimmunogenic cells after (Oxaliplatin) Oxa treatment, which was supported by a decrease in cytotoxic IFN‐γ release and CD8+ T‐cell exhaustion. In conclusion, these findings revealed the role of GPAT3‐associated LD accumulation, which conferred a malignant phenotype (chemoresistance) and regulated the tumor microenvironment of CRC. These results suggest that GPAT3 is a potential target to enhance CRC chemosensitivity and develop novel therapeutic interventions.
Fight or flee, a vital choice for Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Zeng Ji , Fang Shuying , Guo Jinquan , Dong Min , Tian Guo‐Bao , Tao Liang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractClostridioides difficile is a leading cause of healthcare‐associated infections, causing billions of economic losses every year. Its symptoms range from mild diarrhea to life‐threatening damage to the colon. Transmission and recurrence of C. difficile infection (CDI) are mediated by the metabolically dormant spores, while the virulence of C. difficile is mainly due to the two large clostridial toxins, TcdA and TcdB. Producing toxins or forming spores are two different strategies for C. difficile to cope with harsh environmental conditions. It is of great significance to understand the molecular mechanisms for C. difficile to skew to either of the cellular processes. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the regulation and connections between toxin production and sporulation in C. difficile and further discuss the potential solutions for yet‐to‐be‐answered questions.
Electrochemical detection of miRNA using commercial and hand‐made screen‐printed electrodes: liquid biopsy for cancer management as case of study
Authors: Raucci Ada , Cimmino Wanda , Romanò Sabrina , Singh Sima , Normanno Nicola , Polo Federico , Cinti Stefano 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe growth of liquid biopsy, i. e., the possibility of obtaining health information by analysing circulating species (nucleic acids, cells, proteins, and vesicles) in peripheric biofluids, is pushing the field of sensors and biosensors beyond the limit to provide decentralised solutions for nonspecialists. In particular, among all the circulating species that can be adopted in managing cancer evolution, both for diagnostic and prognostic applications, microRNAs have been highly studied and detected. The development of electrochemical devices is particularly relevant for liquid biopsy purposes, and the screen‐printed electrodes (SPEs) represent one of the building blocks for producing novel portable devices. In this work, we have taken miR‐2115‐3p as model target (it is related to lung cancer), and we have developed a biosensor by exploiting the use of a complementary DNA probe modified with methylene blue as redox mediator. In particular, the chosen sensing architecture was applied to serum measurements of the selected miRNA, obtaining a detection limit within the low nanomolar range; in addition, various platforms were interrogated, namely commercial and hand‐made SPEs, with the aim of providing the reader with some insights about the optimal platform to be used by considering both the cost and the analytical performance.
A comprehensive strategy for quality evaluation of Changan powder by fingerprinting combined with rapid qualitative and quantitative multi‐ingredients profiling
Authors: Wang Zheyong , Zhang Yumeng , Fu Zixuan , Jin Tong , Zhao Chunjie , Zhao Min 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionChangan powder (CAP) is mainly used to treat various intestinal diseases. Few studies on CAP have been reported; therefore, it is necessary to clarify the material basis of CAP to lay the foundation for further elucidating its functional mechanism and support the rational use of drugs.ObjectivesIn the present study, we aimed to propose a methodology for the quality control of CAP based on qualitative and quantitative analysis of its components.MethodsAn ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (UPLC‐FT‐ICR‐MS) method was developed to identify chemical components in CAP. In addition, fingerprints of 10 different batches of CAP were established, and quantitative analysis based on UPLC was performed to analyze the quality of CAP.ResultsA total of 58 compounds were preliminarily characterized. The similarity of 10 batches of CAP was greater than 0.995, and 23 common peaks were calibrated. Investigation of the quantitative analytical methodology showed that the four components had good linear relationships within their respective concentration ranges (r2 ≥ 0.9992), and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of precision and stability was less than 2%. The RSD of sample recovery ranged from 0.78% to 1.52%.ConclusionThe established method can quickly and effectively identify the chemical components of CAP and accurately quantify the known components in CAP. The established fingerprinting and content determination method is stable, reliable, and easy to operate and can be applied in quality control and in vivo research on CAP.
Thermal decomposition kinetics and compatibility of NH3OHN5
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhu Chenguang , Hu Bingcheng , Zhang Chong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydroxylammonium cyclo‐pentazolate (NH3OHN5), as one of the poly‐nitrogen compounds, has a broad prospect in the field of energetic materials, due to its high specific impulse, high detonation velocity, and the pollution‐free products. In this paper, the thermal decomposition behavior of NH3OHN5 was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) using four heating rates (2, 5, 8, 10 °C min−1). The apparent activation energy (EK,O=114.31 kJ mol−1), the pre‐exponential factor (AK=4.78×1011 s−1) and the critical temperature of the thermal explosion (Tb=108.08 °C) of NH3OHN5 were calculated by Kissinger and Ozawa method under non‐isothermal heating conditions. The compatibility of NH3OHN5 with 1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazacyclohexane (RDX), 1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane (HMX), 2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexanitro‐2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexaza‐isowurtzitane (CL‐20), ammonium perchlorate (AP), and hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) were tested and judged based on a standard agreement (STANAG‐4147). The DSC results showed that NH3OHN5/HMX, NH3OHN5/RDX, NH3OHN5/CL‐20, NH3OHN5/AP and NH3OHN5/HTPB had good compatibility.
Continuous Variable Quantum Teleportation in a Dissipative Environment: Comparison of Non‐Gaussian Operations Before and After Noisy Channel
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Sharma Mohak , Arora Shikhar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article explores the relative advantages in continuous‐variable quantum teleportation when non‐Gaussian operations, namely, photon subtraction, addition, and catalysis, are performed before and after interaction with a noisy channel. The resource state for teleporting unknown coherent and squeezed vacuum states is generated using two distinct strategies: i) Implementation of non‐Gaussian operations on two mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) state before interaction with a noisy channel, ii) Implementation of non‐Gaussian operations after interaction of TMSV state with a noisy channel. The results show that non‐Gaussian operations can enhance teleportation fidelity in a dissipative environment. However, the most advantageous non‐Gaussian operation and appropriate strategy depend on the state and channel parameters. The results suggest that employing such strategies can be advantageous in other non‐Gaussian continuous variable quantum information (QIP) processing tasks in a dissipative environment.
Gravimetric Preparation of Toluene CGMs in Nitrogen Gas: Verification and Stability Assessment
Authors: Garg Gazal , Kumari Poonam , Soni Daya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research paper presents the preparation, verification and stability evaluation of a toluene calibration gas mixtures (CGMs) in nitrogen gas via gravimetric method. These toluene gas mixtures are prepared gravimetrically i. e., by wt. mixing of high‐purity gases according to the International Organization for Standardization, ISO 6142, and are validated as per ISO 6143. Toluene gas mixtures within the range of 5 to 20 μmol/mol are prepared and traceability with SI, ‘International system of units’, amount of substance, the ′mole′, through mass‐based measurements is achieved. The verification of prepared CGMs was carried out using a GC‐FID (gas chromatography with flame ionization detector) technique, and the outcomes demonstrated a consistent linear correlation between instrumental response and gravimetric amount fraction for all gas mixtures, which confirmed the accuracy and reliability of CGMs. The gravimetric uncertainty of the prepared gas mixtures, as projected in terms of amount fractions, is below 1 % relative, while the analytical uncertainty is in the range of 2–3 % relative at a confidence level of k=1. The stability study investigation over a period of one year demonstrated that the mole fraction of toluene remained consistent throughout the entire duration, which indicated the long‐term stability of the CGMs.
3D Printed Gallium Battery with Outstanding Energy Storage: Toward Fully Printed Battery‐on‐the‐Board Soft Electronics
Authors: Freitas Marta Calisto , Sanati Afsaneh L. , Lopes Pedro Alhais , Silva André F. , Tavakoli Mahmoud 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe last decade observed rapid progress in soft electronics. Yet, the ultimate desired goal for many research fields is to fabricate fully integrated soft‐matter electronics with sensors, interconnects, and batteries, at the ease of pushing a print button. In this work, an important step is taken toward this by demonstrating an ultra‐stretchable thin‐film Silver‐Gallium (Ag‐Ga) battery with an unprecedented combination of areal capacity and mechanical strain tolerance. The Biphasic Gallium‐Carbon anode electrode demonstrates a record‐breaking areal capacity of 78.7 mAh cm−2, and an exceptional stretchability of 170%, showing clear progress over state‐of‐the‐art. The exceptional theoretical capacity of gallium, along with its natural liquid phase self‐healing, and its dendrite‐free operation permits excellent electromechanical cycling. All composites of the battery including liquid‐metal‐based current collectors, and electrodes are sinter‐free and digitally printable at room temperature, enabling the use of a wide range of substrates, including heat‐sensitive polymer films. Consequently, it is demonstrated for the first time multi‐layer, and multi‐material digital printing of complex battery‐on‐the‐board stretchable devices that integrate printed sensor, multiple cells of printed battery, highly conductive interconnects, and silicone chips, and demonstrate a tailor‐made patch for body‐worn electrophysiological monitoring.
Facile Deficiency Engineering in a Cobalt‐Free Perovskite Air Electrode to Achieve Enhanced Performance for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells
Authors: Ye Qirui , Ye Huaqing , Ma Zilin , Lin Haoqing , Zhao Bote , Yang Guangming , Dong Feifei , Ni Meng , Lin Zhan , Zhang Shanqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs a crucial component responsible for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), cobalt‐rich perovskite‐type cathode materials have been extensively investigated in protonic ceramic fuel cell (PCFC). However, their widespread application at a commercial scale is considerably hindered by the high cost and inadequate stability. In response to these weaknesses, the study presents a novel cobalt‐free perovskite oxide, Ba0.95La0.05(Fe0.8Zn0.2)0.95O3‐δ (BLFZ0.95), with the triple‐conducting (H+|O2−|e−) property as an active and robust air electrode for PCFC. The B‐site deficiency state contributes significantly to the optimization of crystal and electronic structure, as well as the increase in oxygen vacancy concentration, thus in turn favoring the catalytic capacity. As a result, the as‐obtained BLFZ0.95 electrode demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance at 700 °C, representing extremely low area‐specific resistance of 0.04 Ω cm2 in humid air (3 vol.% H2O), extraordinarily high peak power density of 1114 mW cm−2, and improved resistance against CO2 poisoning. Furthermore, the outstanding long‐term durability is achieved without visible deterioration in both symmetrical and single cell modes. This study presents a simple but crucial case for rational design of cobalt‐free perovskite cathode materials with appreciable performance via B‐site deficiency regulation.
Heat generation and melting heat transfer effects on MHD flow of Carreau fluid in a porous medium
Authors: Adnan Awais , Muhammad Shakoor , Zeb Salman , Makinde Oluwole Daniel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe consider heat and mass transfer analysis of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Carreau fluid flow along a stretching sheet in a permeable medium with impacts of melting condition, heat generation, double diffusion, and variable thermal conductivity. The novelty of the present work is to study the effects of melting heat transfer and heat generation on MHD flow of Carreau fluid along a stretched sheet in a porous medium with influence of Dufour and Soret effects, and variable thermal conductivity. Similarity transformations procedure is used which transform the partial differential equations (PDEs) of fluid flow model into nonlinear dimensionless ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We obtained numerical solutions of ODEs and the effects of assorted governing parameters are investigated. The results showed that boosting melting parameter increases velocity and concentration fields and reduces temperature profile. Enhancing heat source parameter increases temperature profile, concentration profile observing decline for modified Dufour parameter, Schmidt number, and Soret number, and velocity of the fluid decline for magnetic and porosity parameters. Impact of governing parameters on physical quantities comprising Nusselt number, skin friction, and Sherwood number is evaluated numerically. The accuracy of our results are established in comparison with previous research for skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number.
Sommerfeld effect for continuum gamma-ray spectra from Dark Matter annihilation
Authors: Jäger Barbara , Vollmann Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present a calculation of the continuum part of the gamma-ray spectra resulting from Dark Matter annihilation in the framework of the MSSM taking into account Sommerfeld effects. Concentrating on pure wino and pure higgsino scenarios we compare our calculation to existing work and explore the numerical impact of the features not captured by previous approximative descriptions. We find that, in particular for large neutralino masses, when the Sommerfeld enhancement is very large, chargino-antichargino annihilation processes, which have not been considered before, lead to sizable differences with respect to existing calculations. In scenarios with neutralinos in the intermediate-mass range, we find that the role of the charginos is crucial in the endpoint regime. Our calculation provides the currently most accurate prediction for the continuum gamma-ray spectra.
Orbital angular momentum at small x revisited
Authors: Kovchegov Yuri V. , Manley Brandon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We revisit the problem of the small Bjorken-x asymptotics of the quark and gluon orbital angular momentum (OAM) distributions in the proton utilizing the revised small-x helicity evolution derived recently in [1]. We relate the quark and gluon OAM distributions at small x to the polarized dipole amplitudes and their (first) impact-parameter moments. To obtain the OAM distributions, we derive novel small-x evolution equations for the impact-parameter moments of the polarized dipole amplitudes in the double-logarithmic approximation (summing powers of αs ln2(1/x) with αs the strong coupling constant). We solve these evolution equations numerically and extract the leading large-Nc, small-x asymptotics of the quark and gluon OAM distributions, which we determine to be$$ {L}_{q+\overline{q}}\left(x,{Q}^2\right)\sim {L}_G\left(x,{Q}^2\right)\sim \Delta \Sigma \left(x,{Q}^2\right)\sim \Delta G\left(x,{Q}^2\right)\sim {\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}^{3.66\sqrt{\frac{\alpha_s{N}_c}{2\uppi}}}, $$

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in agreement with [2] within the precision of our numerical evaluation. (Here Nc is the number of quark colors.) We also investigate the ratios of the quark and gluon OAM distributions to their helicity distribution counterparts in the small-x region.
Krebserkrankungen bei Menschen mit einer Intelligenzminderung in Deutschland: Prävalenzen, Genetik und Versorgungslage
Authors: Sappok Tanja , Kowalski Christoph , Zenker Martin , Weißinger Florian , Berger Andreas W. 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungBei etwa 1 % der Bevölkerung besteht eine Intelligenzminderung; bezogen auf Deutschland sind das ca. 0,5–1 Mio. Menschen. Bei diesem Personenkreis ist die Lebenserwartung reduziert, wobei Krebserkrankungen zu den häufigsten Todesursachen (ca. 20 %) zählen. Trotz limitierter Datenlage kann festgestellt werden, dass das Krebsrisiko und das Sterblichkeitsrisiko im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung erhöht sind.Bestimmte genetische Syndrome prädisponieren für Krebserkrankungen in dieser vulnerablen Bevölkerungsgruppe, aber auch behinderungsassoziierte Komorbiditäten oder die Lebensweise könnten Risikofaktoren für onkologische Erkrankungen darstellen. Menschen mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen nehmen Vorsorgeuntersuchungen seltener wahr und bei der medizinischen Versorgung treten aufgrund körperlicher, kommunikativer und interaktioneller Besonderheiten Herausforderungen auf. Eine optimierte Zusammenarbeit von spezialisierten Fachkliniken für Menschen mit Behinderungen und den jeweiligen Krebszentren ist erforderlich, um die Prozesse individuell auf die krebskranke Person zuzuschneiden.In Deutschland fehlen Daten zu den Prävalenzen einzelner Tumorentitäten, der Inanspruchnahme und des Bedarfs von Gesundheitsleistungen. Es ist dringend notwendig, den Themen Krebsprävention, -therapie und -forschung in der vulnerablen und heterogenen Patientengruppe von krebserkrankten Menschen mit einer Intelligenzminderung Aufmerksamkeit zu widmen, um dem Anstieg der krebsbedingten Todesfälle in dieser Bevölkerungsgruppe wirksam zu begegnen.Der Beitrag fasst Fachwissen zu Krebserkrankungen bei Menschen mit einer kognitiven Beeinträchtigung zusammen, arbeitet Besonderheiten in der Behandlung heraus, stellt Versorgungsstrukturen dar und leitet konkrete Bedarfe für Klinik und Forschung ab.