bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body fat distribution and job stress in Mexican‐American men of the hispanic health and nutrition examination survey
Authors: Georges Eugenia , Wear Mary L. , Mueller William H. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA positive relationship between psychosocial stress and central body fat distribution has been hypothesized. To test this hypothesis, two indices derived from principal components analysis of four skinfold measurements were studied in relation to imputed job stress characteristics (decision latitude, skill discretion, decision authority, and psychological demands) in Mexican‐American men of the U.S. Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES). The two indices were fatness and central body fat distribution. Fatness was not significantly associated with any of the job stress characteristics before controlling for education. Once education was included in the equations, however, the relationship between fatness and two of the four job stress variables (decision authority and psychological demands) became statistically significant. Thus, for a given level of education, increasing job stress was associated with increasing fatness. Three of the four job stress characteristics were significantly associated with central body fat distribution before controlling for education. However, after education was entered into the regression equations as a proxy for social class, the relationships between central body fat distribution and the job stress variables were no longer significant. It thus appears that aspects of social class other than job stress are of equal or greater importance in predicting body fat distribution. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mandibular rotation and angular remodeling during childhood and adolescence
Authors: Spady M. , Buschang P. H. , Demirjian A. , Lapalme L. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractUsing the structural method of superimposition, childhood and adolescent rates of mandibular rotation and remodeling are described. The results pertain to a longitudinal sample of French‐Canadian children, including 42 females with records at 6, 10, and 14 years of age and 39 males with records at 7, 11, and 15 years of age. There are no sex differences in rates of mandibular rotation and remodeling. Childhood rates of true rotation and angular remodeling are significantly greater than adolescent rates. Children whose first permanent molars had not erupted at the time of the first observation showed significantly greater rates of angular remodeling than children whose molars had already erupted. Over the eight year period, there were approximately 4.8 degrees of forward true rotation, between 5.2 and 6.4 degrees forward angular remodeling, and less than 1 degree of backward apparent rotation. During adolescence and the primary dentition stage, associations are strongest between true and apparent rotation. During the mixed dentition stage, true rotation is most closely correlated with angular remodeling. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Weights of the heart in northwest Indian adults
Authors: Sahni Daisy , Jit Indar , Sanjeev  
Published: June 2005

AbstractWeights of apparently normal hearts were obtained from 1,344 male and 313 female adults from the Chandigarh region of northwest India, on whom a medicolegal autopsy was performed. The average weight of the heart was 296.7 ± 48.5 gm in males and 238.9 ± 45.1 gm in females. Partial correlations between heart weight and body weight and supine length were significant. The correlation between heart weight and age was, however, not statistically significant. Multiple regression constants with standard errors were generated for estimating the weight of the heart for intervals of body weight and supine length in living subjects. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is leg muscle mass decisive in reaching a plateau in oxygen uptake during maximal treadmill running? Analysis of data from the Amsterdam growth and health study
Authors: Kemper Han C. G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractWithin the framework of a longitudinal study, the Amsterdam Growth and Health Study followed a group of males and females from their teens into early adulthood. Directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined five times in 97 males and 103 females between 13 and 21 years of age during a constant speed (8 km/hr) and variable slope treadmill run to exhaustion. A change in oxygen uptake (VO2) of < 150 ml between the second last and final minute of the test was used as the criterion to determine the attainment of a plateau or leveling‐off (LO) in VO2. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between VO2max and the leveling‐off criterion and other factors associated with the plateau phenomenon in this sample with increasing age. The VO2max measurements over the years showed that 44–57% of males and 24–42% of females did not show a plateau. Moreover, subjects who did not reach leveling‐off (no‐LOs) showed slightly higher VO2max values than subjects who reached the leveling‐off criterion (LOs). These differences are significant (P < 0.05) in males from age 14.5 on, and in females only at age 21.5. Males who did not demonstrate a plateau in VO2 had a significantly higher total fat‐free mass and lean leg volume (LLV) than males who demonstrated a plateau, but were not different in stature and weight. However, in females these differences were not significant. The apparent sex difference can be explained by the much smaller increase (25%) in LLV in females than in males. These results can be explained by the limitations of VO2max by central and/or peripheral circulating factors. One possibility could be that during maximal uphill running, relatively less vasoconstriction occurs in the arterioles of larger exercising leg muscles, which permits an upward shift in VO2 and an increased demand on central oxygen transport mediated by increased peripheral metabolism. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stability of Metacarpal II dimensions in boys during adolescence
Authors: Beunen G. P. , Blimkie C. J. R. , Lefevre J. , Dequeker J. , Verbiest M. , Geukens M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe stability of radiogrammetrically determined Metacarpal II (M II) bone dimensions was determined in 184 Belgian boys between 13 and 18 years of age. Stability was assessed by Fisher z transformations of Pearson correlations between discrete measurement intervals and by structured covariance analysis incorporating compound, banded, and autoregressive models. Adjacent‐age stability (1‐year measurement interval) was high (0.82 ⩽ r ⩽ 0.97) for all metacarpal dimensions for all approaches, but stability coefficients decreased with increasing measurement interval for the correlational, banded, and autoregressive analyses. Despite the interval‐related decline, correlations remained moderate to high, ranging between 0.65 and 0.97 for the correlational analyses and 0.58 and 0.91 for the covariance analyses, indicating a moderate to high degree of stability of M II dimensions in males during adolescence. Periosteal diameter demonstrated the greatest stability of all metacarpal variables for all statistical analyses. Of the covariance models, the compound model provided the poorest fit to the data, and only for metacarpal length and periosteal diameter did the more complex (6 parameters) banded model provide a significantly better fit than the simpler (2 parameters) autoregressive model. These results indicate that M II bone dimenions are fairly stable in males between 13 and 18 years of age and that the autoregressive model, with the exception of metacarpal length and periosteal diameter, provides as good a fit to the metacarpal data as the more complex banded model. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Body composition measures from underwater weighing and dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry in black and white girls: A comparative study
Authors: Morrison John A. , Khoury Philip R. , Campaigne Barbara N. , Chumlea W. M. Cameron , Specker Bonny , Campaign Barbara N. , Guo Shumei S. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare estimates of body composition in two ethnic groups, 31 black and 38 white girls 10 through 16 years of age, to establish accurate and precise laboratory standards for field measures of body composition in the NHLBI Growth and Health Study HC 55025. The dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures of fat free mass (FFM) and % body fat (%BF) were made using Hologic QDR‐1000/W. Corresponding values of FFM and %BF from underwater weighing (UWW) were determined using the two‐component model of Siri, and these were corrected using the model of Lohman for white girls only. In the comparison of the different models and methods, the two‐component model overestimated FFM compared to estimates from DXA for black girls, as did the corrected Lohman model for white girls. The two‐component model significantly overestimated %BF in both white and black girls compared to corresponding estimates from DXA. The ratio of bone mineral content (BMC)/FFM affected the degree of %BF differences in black girls but not in white girls. Also, as the density of FFM increased or approached adult status in black girls (BMC/FFM increased), differences between the two‐component model and estimates from DXA decreased. In both groups of girls, the relationship of %BF from UWW and DXA are a function of the level of body fatness. DXA values of %BF are greater than those from UWW under about 24% body fat, but the converse occurs above 25% body fat. The inability of UWW using the two‐component model to account for the body composition in these girls can be corrected in part by measuring the variables for a multicomponent model or more easily by using DXA estimates of body composition. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Total lung capacity in Andean highlanders
Authors: Greksa Lawrence P. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractTotal lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), and vital capacity (VC), as well as related measures of pulmonary function, were assessed in a sample of 39 male and 23 female native highlanders of Aymara ancestry (20.1–28.8 years) who were residing in La Paz, Bolivia (average altitude of about 3,600 m). After controlling for body and chest size, most measures of respiratory function were significantly larger in males than females (P < .05). Absolute TLC (1 BTPS) was significantly larger in the La Paz Aymara males than in highland Peruvian or Tibetan males (P < .05) but, after controlling for body size, TLC was only 1 and 4% larger in the La Paz Aymara than in highland Peruvians or Tibetans, respectively. Also, comparison of the body size‐adjusted percentage increases in TLC, VC and RV above U.S. sea‐level reference values in selected highland populations indicated that the enhanced TLCs of highlanders are primarily due to an enhancement of RV and secondarily due to an enhancement of VC. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neonatal and maternal anthropometric characteristics in a high altitude population of the western Himalaya
Authors: Wiley Andrea S. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA study of neonatal anthropometric characteristics was undertaken in Ladakh, India, a region comprising the western portion of the trans‐Himalayan plateau. The object was to better understand the dynamics of high altitude adaptation in the Himalaya. In a largely native sample of 168 women and their newborns, mean birth weight was 2,764 g, mean length was 48.02 cm, and mean Ponderal Index (PI) was 2.49. Female newborns were significantly lighter and shorter than males. Overall, 27% of newborns fell into the standard category of infants at increased risk of mortality ( < 2,500 g); 37% of females and 17% of males were so classified. In multivariate regression analysis, maternal weight and the sex and gestational age of the newborn were the only significant predictors of birth weight, but explained a small (18%) part of the variance. Compared to Andean and Tibetan samples, Ladakhi newborns were between 300 and 550 g lighter. This variation is explained, in part, by maternal characteristics, such as lower average parity, age, and weight. Reproductive capacity appears to be compromised in this population because of inadequate nutrition in the face of high energy demands of agricultural work, which may further compromise maternal adaptation to hypoxic conditions. The population of Ladakh has a relatively recent ancestry in this high altitude region and is likely a genetically heterogeneous population from an extensive history of immigration. Thus it is possible that the low average birth weight in Ladakh may also be influenced by inadequate genetic adaptation to hypoxia. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Amniotic fluid testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone levels as indicators of fetal sex during mid‐pregnancy
Authors: Mennuti M. T. , Wu C. H. , Mellman W. J. , Mikhail G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMidtrimester (14–22 weeks of gestation) amniotic fluid hormone levels were measured as indicators of fetal sex in 99 pregnancies (66 with a male fetus and 33 with a female fetus). Statistically significant didfferences in testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were observed between pregnancies with fetuses of differing sex. No significant difference was observed for estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), or progesterone (P) levels.Fetal sex was accurately predicted in 96 of 99 pregnancies using a criterion of T ≥ 100 pg/ml for males and in 94 of 99 pregnancies using a criterion of FSH ≥ 3 mIU/ml for females. In the 3 cases in which the fetus was male but the T level was < 100 pg/ml, the FSH was clearly in the male range. Likewise, in 5 cases in which the fetal sex was not correctly predicted by the FSH level, the T level confirmed the karyotype.It is proposed that measurement of amniotic fluid testosterone levels would be of value in detecting errors in prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis when there is incorrect fetal sexing. It is suggested that FSH determinations be performed when the amniotic fluid testosterone does not confirm the karyotype, and that when there is a discrepancy between the karyotype and both of these measurements, repeat amniocentesis should be considered.
Pericentric inversion of chromosome 14 and the risk of partial duplication of 14q (14q31 → 14qter)
Authors: Trunca Carolyn , Opitz John M. , Kaye Celia I. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCytogenetic analysis after conventional staining and Q‐banding demonstrated a pericentric inversion of chromosome 14 in the mother of a child with a mental retardation/multiple congenital abnormality syndrome and an abnormal chromosome 14. The proposita's partial duplication for the distal segment of 14q is apparently the result of crossing over within the inverted segment during meiosis. An attempt is made at assessing the risk that a carrier of the described pericentric inversion faces of having an abnormal child. The estimate of the risk depends on two factors: 1) the probability of a crossover occurring within the inverted segment during meiosis, and 2) the probability of a child with either of the two possible unbalanced recombinant chromosomes being born alive. An explanation is offered as to why some pericentric inversions confer a significant risk while others are so benign and occur with such a high frequency that they can be considered normal chromosomal variants, rather than chromosome aberrations.
Genetic studies on Cochin Jews in Israel: 1. Population data, blood groups, isoenzymes, and HLA determinants
Authors: Cohen T. , Levene C. , Yodfat Y. , Fidel J. , Friedlander Y. , Steinberg A. G. , Brautbar C. , Opitz John M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe period in which Jews were first associated with Cochin and the Malabar coast was by tradition, after the destruction of the First Temple (586 BCE). Yet, the earliest evidence of Jewish settlements is from the tenth century CE. The largest group of Cochin Jews are the “Black Jews”, of whom about 4,000 live in Israel. A high frequency of consanguineous marriages prevailed among Cochin Jews. Their mean height and weight were low when they came to Israel in 1954; an increase in both was observed 20 years later.Some of the allele frequencies of blood groups, isoenzymes, and HLA antigens were similar to those in other Jewish communities. In the high O, M, cde, and HLA‐A28 and the low cDE allele frequencies Cochin Jews resembled Yemenite Jews. A few allele frequencies, the high Fya, AK2 and the low Jka and Hp1, were similar to those observed in indigenous southern Indian populations. In most HLA antigen and haplotype frequencies the Cochin Jews showed a distribution similar to that observed in other Jews and Caucasoids. No comparable HLA data on southern Indian populations were available. The results indicate that Cochin Jews have similarities with Jews, in particular Yemenite Jews, and with the indigenous populations of southern India.
Genetic studies on Cochin Jews in Israel: 2. Gm and Inv data — polymorphism for Gm3 and for Gm1,17,21 without Gm(26)
Authors: Steinberg A. G. , Levene C. , Yodfat Y. , Fidel J. , Brautbar C. , Cohen T. , Opitz John M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractSerum samples from 223 Jews from Cochin, India were tested for Gm(1,2,3,5,6,13,14,17,21,26) and for Inv(1). Certain samples were also tested for Gm(15) and Gm(16).The Cochin Jews are polymorphic for: 1) Gm3, a haplotype that does not lead to the formation of γ3, as was shown by tests of the serum of a homozygote, and 2) Gm1,17,21, a haplotype lacking Gm(26), which is ordinarily present in this haplotype. The Gm data indicate considerable admixture with southern Indians. There is no evidence for African admixture, such as has been found for all other Jewish populations studied thus far. The Inv data are similar to those for other Jewish populations.
Phenotype associated with ring 10 chromosome: Report of patient and review of literature
Authors: Michels Virginia V. , Driscoll David J. , Ledbetter David H. , Riccardi Vincent M. , Opitz John M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA 15‐month‐old infant's peripheral blood chromosome analysis showed the following defects: 46,XY,r(10)(p15.3q26.1) in 84 cells, 45,XY,−r(10) in 13 cells, and 47,XY,r(10),+r(10) in one cell. Clinical abnormalities included growth retardation, microcephaly, prominent nasal bridge, macular hypoplasia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and posterior urethral valves with hydronephrosis. Comparison of the phenotype of five other patients with a ring chromosome 10 with the present case showed the following common manifestations: growth retardation, microcephaly, undescended testes, hydronephrosis, and, in males, posterior urethral valves. To date, this last anomaly has not been seen in patients with either a del(10p) or a del(10q) abnormality.
The mucolipidoses: Identification by abnormal electrophoretic patterns of lysosomal hydrolases
Authors: Honey N. K. , Miller A. L. , Shows T. B. , Opitz John M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe human mucolipidoses (ML) are characterized by abnormal activities and abnormal electrophoretic patterns of fibroblast lysosomal hydrolases. These altered mobility patterns can be used to confirm the clinical diagnosis of the four mucolipidoses. The mobility patterns of one nonlysosomal and seven lysosomal enzymes were tested in fibroblasts from two ML I (sialidosis type 2, infantile), fifteen ML II (I‐cell disease), eight ML III (pseudohurler poly‐dystrophy), and one ML IV patients. A single sialidosis type 2, juvenile, line was also examined. Characteristic mobility patterns were found which identify each of the four mucolipidoses. Both the ML I and sialidosis type 2 juvenile lines displayed anodal mobility patterns, but distinct differences between the two disorders were observed. Lysosomal hydrolases from ML II lines demonstrated reduced activities or had altered mobilities. Differing electrophoretic patterns demonstrated the presence of at least two groups within the clinical phenotype diagnosed as ML II, indicating heterogeneity. The ML III lines showed normal electrophoretic patterns for most lysosomal hydrolases. The ML IV line expressed normal mobilities for every enzyme studied, with a single exception. The electrophoretic patterns of only β‐hexosaminidase, acid phosphatase‐2, α‐galactosidase, and esterase A4were sufficient to identify and distinguish the different mucolipidosis types. Electrophoretic variation was also seen in liver but not kidney extracts from three ML II patients. β‐Hexosaminidase and α‐mannosidase B secreted into the medium by ML II and ML III fibroblasts had mobility patterns different from normal and from their intracellular patterns. These data suggest that the mucolipidoses are genetically distinct with heterogeneity within them.
A child with radius aplasia, cleft of lip and palate, microcephaly, and unusual chromosome findings
Authors: Butler Merlin G. , Russell Laura J. , Palmer Catherine G. , Bull Marilyn , Hodes M. E. , Opitz John M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractWe report a child with malformation syndrome of microcephaly, asymmetrical radius aplasia, and cleft of lip and palate, who was mosaic for a chromosome marker and/or ring of unknown origin. In view of the reported cases of limb deficiency with chromosome abnormalities and the unlikelihood that the patient has a recognized genetic syndrome, the cause of the patient's syndrome may well be the extra chromosomal material.
Syndrome of total alopecia, multiple skeletal anomalies, shortness of stature, and mental deficiency
Authors: van Gelderen H. H. , Opitz John M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis is a report of a 16‐year‐old boy with mental deficiency, shortness of stature, peculiar face and skull, multiple skeletal anomalies, limb contractures, total alopecia, and probable hypothalamic hypogonadism. A striking resemblance exists between this case and a female adolescent described in 1980 by Schinzel. It is suggested that these two cases represent a previously unrecognized syndrome. The fact that this boy was born from a first‐cousin marriage suggests autosomal recessive inheritance.
Omphalocele and multiple severe congenital anomalies associated with osteodysplasty (Melnick‐Needles syndrome)
Authors: von Oeyen Paul , Holmes Lewis B. , Trelstad Robert L. , Griscom N. Thorne 
Published: June 2005

AbstractOsteodysplasty (Melnick‐Needles syndrome, MNS), a severe bone dysplasia with presumed autosomal dominant inheritance, has now been described in 24 individuals, with a predominance of females (21:3). We report an affected woman who gave birth to a male infant with omphalocele, hypoplastic kidneys, and the skeletal changes of this disorder; he died soon after birth. Histologic studies of the calvaria and long bones showed normal maturational sequences, but suggest that remodeling was not normal. This is the second known instance of a male infant with omphalocele and this skeletal dysplasia born to a woman with MNS. We suggest that the gene for the MNS may also cause a syndrome of multiple abnormalities that can be lethal and that this more severe phenotype in males may account for the altered sex ratio among reported cases. Both X‐linked dominant and autosomal‐dominant sex‐limited inheritance are feasible interpretations of the existing information.
A previously undescribed autosomal recessive multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome with growth failure, lip/palate cleft(s), and urogenital anomalies
Authors: Malpuech G. , Demeocq F. , Palcoux J. B. , Vanlieferinghen P. , Opitz John M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractIn four children from the same family, we have observed an association of mental retardation, dwarfism, hypertelorism, facial clefting and urogenital abnormalities. Clinical and laboratory data suggest that it is a previously undescribed genetic syndrome, ie, a pleiotropic autosomal recessive trait.