bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Day in the Life of Arabidopsis:24-Hour Time-lapse Single-nucleus Transcriptomics Reveal Cell-type specific Circadian Rhythms
Authors: Qin Yuwei , Liu Zhijian , Gao Shiqi , Long Yanping , Zhu Xinlong , Liu Bin , Gao Ya , Xie Qiguang , Nohales Maria A. , Xu Xiaodong , Zhai Jixian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFunctional circadian clock is fundamental to the adaptation and survival of organisms. In land plants, the comprehensive profiling of circadian gene expression at the single-cell level is largely unknown partly due to the challenges in obtaining precisely-timed single cells from plant cells embedded within cell walls. To bridge this gap, we employed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) on twelve seedling samples collected at 2-hour intervals over a 24-hour day in Arabidopsis, yielding a total of over 130,000 nuclei. From this data, we found that three cell clusters in the shoot share a coherent rhythm, while more than 3,000 genes display cell-type specific rhythmic expression. Only 19 genes are oscillating in more than ten different cell types, and the majority of them are well-documented core oscillators, suggesting the snRNA-seq circadian data could be used to identify key circadian regulators in a broad range of plant systems. Our data provides the first comprehensive resource for plant circadian rhythms at the single-cell level (hosted athttps://zhailab.bio.sustech.edu.cn/sc_circadian).
Sex differences in the secular change in waist circumference relative to body mass index in the Americas and England from 1997 to 2020
Authors: Sánchez-Romero Luz M , Sagaceta-Mejía Janine , Mindell Jennifer S , Passi-Solar Álvaro , Bernabé-Ortiz Antonio , Tolentino-Mayo Lizbeth , Moody Alison , Scholes Shaun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify changes over time in waist circumference (WC) relative to body mass index (BMI) by sex in the Americas (UnitedStates of America, Mexico, Chile, Peru) and England.MethodsData from adults aged 25-64 years between 1997 and 2020 was analysed; US data was stratified by racial-ethnic groups. Sex-specific BMI and WC means, and obesity and abdominal obesity prevalence, were compared between the first and last surveys. Using data from all survey years, secular changes across the BMI and WC distributions were estimated applying quantile regression models. BMI was added as a predictor of WC to estimate secular changes in WC relative to BMI. Interaction terms were included in all models to evaluate differences by sex.ResultsBMI and WC (except Peru) showed larger secular increases at the upper-tails of the distributions in both sexes. Increases at the 50thand 75thWC centiles relative to BMI were more pronounced in women than in men, with larger increases in US non-Hispanic whites and in England. In men, increases in WC independently of BMI were most evident in Mexico.ConclusionsDisease risk associated with visceral fat, is potentially underestimated by national surveillance efforts that quantifysecularchanges only in BMI.
PINK1 and BNIP3 mitophagy inducers have an antagonistic effect on Rbf1-induced apoptosis inDrosophila
Authors: Fages Mélanie , Ruby Vincent , Brusson Mégane , Arnold-Rincheval Aurore , Wintz Christine , Bouleau Sylvina , Guénal Isabelle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe structure and function of the mitochondrial network are finely regulated. Among the proteins involved in these regulations, mitochondrial dynamics actors have been reported to regulate the apoptotic process. We show here in theDrosophilamodel that the mitophagy inducers, PINK1 (PTEN- induced putative kinase 1) and BNIP3 (Bcl-2 Interacting Protein 3), modulate mitochondrial apoptosis differently. If close links between the fission-inducing protein DRP1 and Bcl-2 family proteins, regulators of apoptosis, are demonstrated, the connection between mitophagy and apoptosis is still poorly understood. InDrosophila, we have shown that Rbf1, a homolog of the oncosuppressive protein pRb, induces cell death in proliferating larval tissues through a mechanism involving the interaction of Drp1 with Debcl, a pro-apoptotic protein of the Bcl-2 family. This interaction is necessary to induce mitochondrial fission, ROS production, and apoptosis.To better understand the interactions between the proteins involved in mitochondrial homeostasis and the apoptotic process, we focused on the role of two known players in mitophagy, the proteins PINK1 and BNIP3, during mitochondrial apoptosis induced by Rbf1 and Debcl in a proliferatingDrosophilalarval tissue. We show that Rbf1- or Debcl-induced apoptosis is accompanied by mitophagy. Interestingly, PINK1 and BNIP3 have distinct effects in regulating cell death. PINK1 promotesrbf1- ordebcl-induced apoptosis, whereas BNIP3 protects against Rbf1-induced apoptosis but reduces Debcl- induced tissue loss without inhibiting Debcl-induced cell death. Furthermore, our results indicate that BNIP3 is required to induce basal mitophagy while PINK1 is responsible for mitophagy induced byrbf1overexpression. These results highlight the critical role of mitophagy regulators in controlling homeostasis and cell fate.
Molecular Determinants and Signaling Effects of PKA RIα Phase Separation
Authors: Hardy Julia C. , Pool Emily H. , Bruystens Jessica G.H. , Zhou Xin , Li Qingrong , Zhou Daojia R. , Palay Max , Tan Gerald , Chen Lisa , Choi Jaclyn L.C. , Lee Ha Neul , Strack Stefan , Wang Dong , Taylor Susan S. , Mehta Sohum , Zhang Jin 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTSpatiotemporal regulation of intracellular signaling molecules, such as the 3’,5’-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA), ensures the specific execution of various cellular functions. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of the ubiquitously expressed PKA regulatory subunit RIα was recently identified as a major driver of cAMP compartmentation and signaling specificity. However, the molecular determinants of RIα LLPS remain unclear. Here, we reveal that two separate dimerization interfaces combined with the cAMP-induced release of the PKA catalytic subunit (PKA-C) from the pseudosubstrate inhibitory sequence are required to drive RIα condensate formation in cytosol, which is antagonized by docking to A-kinase anchoring proteins. Strikingly, we find that the RIα pseudosubstrate region is critically involved in the formation of a non-canonical R:C complex, which serves to maintain low basal PKA activity in the cytosol by enabling the recruitment of active PKA-C to RIα condensates. Our results suggest that RIα LLPS not only facilitates cAMP compartmentation but also spatially restrains active PKA-C, thus highlighting the functional versatility of biomolecular condensates in driving signaling specificity.
Interaction with IP6K1 supports pyrophosphorylation of substrate proteins by the inositol pyrophosphate 5-IP7
Authors: Hamid Aisha , Ladke Jayashree S. , Shah Akruti , Pal Monisita , Ganguli Shubhra , Singh Arpita , Bhandari Rashna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInositol pyrophosphates (PP-IPs) are a sub-family of water soluble inositol phosphates that possess one or more diphosphate groups. PP-IPs can transfer their β-phosphate group to a phosphorylated Ser residue to generate pyrophosphorylated Ser. This unique post-translational modification occurs on Ser residues that lie in acidic stretches within an intrinsically disordered protein sequence. Serine pyrophosphorylation is dependent on the presence of Mg2+ions, but does not require an enzyme for catalysis. The mechanisms by which cells can regulate this enzyme-independent modification are still unknown. Here, we show that IP6K1, an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the PP-IP 5-IP7, interacts with several proteins that undergo 5-IP7 mediated pyrophosphorylation, and with CK2, a protein kinase that phosphorylates Ser residues prior to pyrophosphorylation. We characterized the interaction of IP6K1 with AP3B1, the β subunit of the AP3 adaptor protein complex, which is a known pyrophosphorylation substrate. We observe the formation of a protein complex between IP6K1, AP3B1, and the catalytic α-subunit of CK2, and show that disrupting IP6K1 binding to AP3B1 lowers its in vivo pyrophosphorylation. We propose that assembly of a substrate-CK2-IP6K complex would allow for coordinated pre-phosphorylation and pyrophosphorylation of the target serine residue, and provide a mechanism to regulate this enzyme-independent modification.
Functional connectivity, tissue microstructure and T2 at 11.1 Tesla distinguishes neuroadaptive differences in two traumatic brain injury models in rats: A Translational Outcomes Project in NeuroTrauma (TOP-NT) UG3 phase study
Authors: Kommireddy Rohan S. , Mehra Shray , Pompilus Marjory , Arja Rawad Daniel , Zhu Tian , Yang Zhihui , Fu Yueqiang , Zhu Jiepei , Kobeissy Firas , Wang Kevin K.W. , Febo Marcelo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTraumatic brain injuries (TBIs), particularly contusive types, are associated with disruptions in neuronal communication due to focal and diffuse axonal injury, as well as alterations in the neuronal chemical environment. These changes can negatively impact neuronal networks beyond the primary injury site. In this Translational Outcomes Project in NeuroTrauma (TOP-NT) UG3 phase study, we sought to use multimodal neuroimaging biomarker approach to assess functional connectivity and brain tissue microstructure, along with T2 relaxometry, in two experimental rat models of TBI: controlled cortical impact (CCI) and lateral fluid percussive injury (LFPI). Rats underwent imaging using an 11.1 Tesla scanner at 2 and 30 days post-injury. Naïve controls were scanned once to establish baseline comparisons for both TBI groups. Imaging modalities included functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and multi-echo T2 imaging. fMRI data were analyzed to evaluate functional connectivity across lateral and medial regions of interest (ROIs) in the cortical mantle, hippocampus, and dorsal striatum. DWI scans were used to generate maps of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean, axial, and radial diffusivities (MD, AD, RD), focusing on cortical and white matter (WM) regions near the injury epicenter. Our findings revealed significantly increased contralateral intra-cortical connectivity at 2 days post-injury in both CCI and LFPI models, localized to similar cortical areas. This increased connectivity persisted at day 30 in the CCI model but not in LFPI. Changes in WM and cortical FA and diffusivities were observed in both models, with WM alterations predominating in CCI and cortical changes being more pronounced in LFPI. These results highlight the utility of multimodal MR imaging for characterizing distinct injury mechanisms in contusive and skull-penetrating TBI models.
Torques within and outside the human spindle balance twist at anaphase
Authors: Neahring Lila , He Yifei , Cho Nathan H. , Liu Gaoxiang , Fernandes Jonathan , Rux Caleb J. , Nakos Konstantinos , Subramanian Radhika , Upadhyayula Srigokul , Yildiz Ahmet , Dumont Sophie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAt each cell division, nanometer-scale motors and microtubules give rise to the micron-scale spindle. Many mitotic motors step helically around microtubules in vitro, and most are predicted to twist the spindle in a left-handed direction. However, the human spindle exhibits only slight global twist, raising the question of how these molecular torques are balanced. Here, using lattice light sheet microscopy, we find that anaphase spindles in the epithelial cell line MCF10A have a high baseline twist, and we identify factors that both increase and decrease this twist. The midzone motors KIF4A and MKLP1 are redundantly required for left-handed twist at anaphase, and we show that KIF4A generates left-handed torque in vitro. The actin cytoskeleton also contributes to left-handed twist, but dynein and its cortical recruitment factor LGN counteract it. Together, our work demonstrates that force generators regulate twist in opposite directions from both within and outside the spindle, preventing strong spindle twist during chromosome segregation.
Direct disassembly of α-syn preformed fibrils into native α-syn monomers by an all-D-peptide
Authors: Sevenich Marc , Gering Ian , Vollmer Madita , Saisan Selma Aghabashlou , Tusche Markus , Kupreichyk Tatsiana , Pauly Thomas , Stoldt Matthias , Hoyer Wolfgang , Willuweit Antje , Kutzsche Janine , Lakomek Nils-Alexander , Nagel-Steger Luitgard , Gremer Lothar , Tamgüney Gültekin , Mohrlüder Jeannine , Willbold Dieter 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTParkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder worldwide. One of its central features is the neurodegeneration that starts in the substantia nigra and progressively tends to involve other brain regions. α-Synuclein (α-syn) and its aggregation during pathogenesis have been drawn into the center of attention, where especially soluble oligomeric and fibrillar structures are thought to play a key role in cell-to-cell transmission and induction of toxic effects. Here, we report the development of all-D-enantiomeric peptide ligands that bind monomeric α-syn with high affinity, thereby stabilizing the physiological intrinsically disordered structure and preventing initiation of aggregation, and more important, disassembling already existing aggregates. This “anti prionic” mode of action (MoA) has the advantage over other MoAs that it eliminates the particles responsible for disease propagation directly and independently of the immune system, thereby restoring the physiological monomer. Based on mirror image phage display on the D-enantiomeric full-length α-syn target, we identified SVD-1 and SVD-1a by next generation sequencing, Thioflavin-T screens and rational design. The compounds were analyzed with regard to their anti-aggregation potential and both compounds showed aggregation delaying as well as seed capacity reducing effects inde novoand seeded environments, respectively. High affinity towards the monomeric α-syn, in the low nano- to picomolar KDrange was identified by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). SVD-1a reduced toxic effects as well as intracellular seeding capacity of α-syn pre-fromed fibrils (PFF) in cell culture. SVD-1a disassembled α-syn PFF into monomers as identified by atomic force microscopy (AFM), time dependent dynamic light scattering (DLS) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis. The present work provides promising results on the development of lead compounds with this anti-prionic mode of action for treatment of Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies.
Feeling inspired and nostalgic: associations between media context-induced positive emotions and behavioral change among vaccine-hesitant individuals in the late stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Duong Hue Trong , Yachin Mor , Massey Zachary B. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Campaigns to promote the COVID-19 vaccination messages to vaccine-hesitant consumers in the late stages of the pandemic are often met with resistance. This study aims to explore a way to leverage positive emotions induced from entertainment media consumption to promote vaccination messages to this audience group.

Design/methodology/approach
An online experiment was conducted with vaccine-hesitant consumers (N = 409). Participants viewed personally relevant entertainment music videos or mundane videos and vaccinated messages embedded in user-generated comments.

Findings
Data revealed that feelings of inspiration and nostalgia induced from entertainment media consumption increased vaccination intentions via increased risk perceptions and reduced anti-vaccination attitudes.

Practical implications
Social marketers should consider leveraging the combined effect of entertainment media-induced positive emotions and user-generated comments to motivate behavioral change among vaccine-hesitant individuals in the late stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Originality/value
The present study adds to social marketing literature by showing mechanisms that positive emotions induced from entertainment social media consumption might lead to health behavioral change.
The fiscal effects of armed conflicts in Africa
Authors: Ezeoha Abel , Igwe Anthony , Okoyeuzu Chinwe , Uche Chibuike 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study examines the impact of armed conflicts on the fiscal capacity of African governments. It made use of a data set covering 1997–2021 for 50 countries, as well as the system dynamic generalized method of moment estimation technique. The results show that, in the short run, conflicts undermine tax revenue, mount pressure on military expenditure, and force governments to rely more on mineral resource rents for their fiscal needs. As conflicts persist, this fiscal feature changes to a pattern that reflects a decline in mineral resource earnings and an increase in tax revenue. The impact on public health expenditure also changes from an increasing to a decreasing pattern, whereas the positive impact on military expenditure and external borrowing persists over time. The findings suggest that African countries in conflict can address their fiscal challenges by observing these patterns and putting in place policies that protect public resources (e.g., the adoption of digital financial technology protocols to facilitate remote revenue collection and strategic protection of mineral resource‐endowed zones from insurgents' control). Overall, enhancing government effectiveness and strengthening the institutions of governance is important to facilitate a quick return to normalcy in the event of conflict and to prevent future conflicts.
Breaking point? An analysis of fatal stab wounds to the torso in Ireland between 2011 and 2018, examining the extent of rib fractures
Authors: Bourke Eimear , McCartney Yvonne , Greene David , Mulligan Linda 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study examines the pattern of rib injuries occurring in cases of fatal torso stab wounds in Ireland between 2011 and 2018. It has been suggested by previous studies that rib fractures are not commonly sustained in stab wounds to the torso. We wanted to ascertain whether this was the case, as our data suggested that rib fractures were frequent, and where a rib is fractured there is a higher chance of organ injury and death, making this an important area of study. One hundred and forty seven cases of fatal stab wounds from an eight‐year period were retrospectively reviewed. Fatal stab wounds to other body areas, were excluded; leaving a total of 104 cases with stab wounds to the torso. We found that 69.2% of cases had rib injuries, a figure significantly higher than previously reported. Our data suggests that stab wounds to the torso often fracture ribs, putting the underlying organs at increased risk of injury and perhaps contributing to fatality. The amount of force needed to cause a rib fracture can be difficult to quantify and indeed from the high percentage of rib fractures sustained in our data it appears that the ribs may be fractured regardless of the amount of force used; this is borne out by the finding that self‐inflicted injuries also caused rib fractures. Our study shows that other factors, such as anatomical positioning and wound depth may have a greater bearing than force in terms of whether a rib fracture is sustained.
A pilot study of the acceptability, efficacy, and iatrogenic effects of a brief dynamic norms intervention for reducing young adult alcohol use
Authors: Graupensperger Scott , Jaffe Anna E. , Blayney Jessica A. , Duckworth Jennifer C. , Stappenbeck Cynthia A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol use and its related consequences are a public health problem among young adults. Building upon efficacious personalized normative feedback interventions, dynamic norms can be used to highlight the decreasing prevalence of alcohol use over time among young adults' peers, thereby increasing their motivation to change drinking consistent with the trend. Because limited research has examined dynamic norms feedback interventions for alcohol use, we examined the acceptability and initial efficacy of such an intervention, and potential iatrogenic effects of showing norms feedback about drinking to light drinkers and nondrinkers.MethodsParticipants were 546 unvaccinated young adults ages 18–24 who completed a baseline survey, intervention, and 1‐month follow‐up assessment. Participants were block randomized to receive a brief web‐based dynamic norms intervention, with feedback content focused on either (a) alcohol‐related behaviors (intervention) or (b) COVID‐19 vaccine behaviors (the attention‐matched control for the present study).ResultsOn average, participants who received the alcohol intervention rated it as generally engaging, helpful, and acceptable, with the majority (90.8%) indicating that they would recommend it to a friend. Supporting initial efficacy, in generalized linear models controlling for demographics and baseline alcohol outcomes, at 1‐month follow‐up the alcohol intervention was associated with statistically and clinically significant reductions in all indices of perceived drinking norms, drinking quantity, drinking frequency, and driving after drinking occasions. Lighter drinkers showed no adverse iatrogenic effects.ConclusionsPresenting alcohol‐related personalized normative feedback using dynamic trends is a promising intervention for reducing alcohol use in a community sample of young adults. Further research clarifying the optimal presentation of dynamic norms is needed.
Autonomy, power, and place: Ethical considerations at the intersections of substance use care, and the sex trade
Authors: Mithani Zamina Zahra , Judge Abigail M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSubstance use disorder (SUD) care among women in the sex trade poses multiple ethical challenges. We propose a framework with three lenses—autonomy, power, and place—that can inform and help improve more ethical clinical care for people who trade sex seeking SUD treatment. A relational perspective on autonomy, an analysis of power relations in the clinic, and a geographical analysis can inform how we create space for people with experience in the sex trade in substance use treatment facilities and beyond. We conclude with some practical applications of this framework, all while integrating a composite clinical vignette throughout our analysis. This analysis addresses a clinical and ethical gap in ways to provide better care for women in the sex trade, an understudied and chronically marginalized population deserving of care that meets them where they are.