bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increases in leukocyte cluster of differentiation antigen expression during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing heart transplantation
Authors: Lal Sean , Lui Rodney , Nguyen Lisa , Macdonald Peter , Denyer Gareth , dos Remedios Cristobal 
Published: May 2004

AbstractCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is essential in heart transplantation surgery. It is also used in coronary artery grafting surgery where it has been associated with a postoperative inflammatory response. This manifests as an increase in pro‐inflammatory proteins like interleukin‐8 and tumour necrosis factor α accompanied by increases in neutrophil populations and increased expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens. The latter have been investigated using flow cytometry, which is limited to the measurement of three to four CD antigens simultaneously. We have developed a novel antibody array that can simultaneously measure the expression of 72 different CD antigens. The purpose of this study was to use this technology to measure CD antigen expression in patients undergoing CPB during heart transplantation. Twelve patients undergoing this operation were studied. A preoperative sample acted as an internal control while a second sample taken during CPB was the comparator. No previous studies have examined changes in CD antigen expression during heart transplantation. We report an increase in the expression of 10 different CD antigens across all patients between the two time points.
Prediction of post‐translational glycosylation and phosphorylation of proteins from the amino acid sequence
Authors: Blom Nikolaj , Sicheritz‐Pontén Thomas , Gupta Ramneek , Gammeltoft Steen , Brunak Søren 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPost‐translational modifications (PTMs) occur on almost all proteins analyzed to date. The function of a modified protein is often strongly affected by these modifications and therefore increased knowledge about the potential PTMs of a target protein may increase our understanding of the molecular processes in which it takes part. High‐throughput methods for the identification of PTMs are being developed, in particular within the fields of proteomics and mass spectrometry. However, these methods are still in their early stages, and it is indeed advantageous to cut down on the number of experimental steps by integrating computational approaches into the validation procedures. Many advanced methods for the prediction of PTMs exist and many are made publicly available. We describe our experiences with the development of prediction methods for phosphorylation and glycosylation sites and the development of PTM‐specific databases. In addition, we discuss novel ideas for PTM visualization (exemplified by kinase landscapes) and improvements for prediction specificity (by using ESS – evolutionary stable sites). As an example, we present a new method for kinase‐specific prediction of phosphorylation sites, NetPhosK, which extends our earlier and more general tool, NetPhos. The new server, NetPhosK, is made publicly available at the URL http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/NetPhosK/. The issues of underestimation, over‐prediction and strategies for improving prediction specificity are also discussed.
PhosphoSite: A bioinformatics resource dedicated to physiological protein phosphorylation
Authors: Hornbeck Peter V. , Chabra Indy , Kornhauser Jon M. , Skrzypek Elzbieta , Zhang Bin 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPhosphoSite™ is a curated, web‐based bioinformatics resource dedicated to physiologic sites of protein phosphorylation in human and mouse. PhosphoSite is populated with information derived from published literature as well as high‐throughput discovery programs. PhosphoSite provides information about the phosphorylated residue and its surrounding sequence, orthologous sites in other species, location of the site within known domains and motifs, and relevant literature references. Links are also provided to a number of external resources for protein sequences, structure, post‐translational modifications and signaling pathways, as well as sources of phospho‐specific antibodies and probes. As the amount of information in the underlying knowledgebase expands, users will be able to systematically search for the kinases, phosphatases, ligands, treatments, and receptors that have been shown to regulate the phosphorylation status of the sites, and pathways in which the phosphorylation sites function. As it develops into a comprehensive resource of known in vivo phosphorylation sites, we expect that PhosphoSite will be a valuable tool for researchers seeking to understand the role of intracellular signaling pathways in a wide variety of biological processes.
ProteoMod: A new tool to quantitate protein post‐translational modifications
Authors: Kumar Yadunanda , Khachane Amit , Belwal Mukta , Das Sanjeev , Somsundaram Kumar , Tatu Utpal 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPost‐translational modifications (PTMs) are known to regulate biological processes by controlling protein function. The effect of a PTM on protein function depends critically on the position and the number of modifications. While there are convenient methods available to qualitatively examine modifications like phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation and methylation, methods available for their quantitative assessment are cumbersome. We have developed a new tool that allows quantitation of the number of phosphorylation events in proteins with ease. The “ProteoMod” tool depends on shifts in the isoelectric points of proteins upon post‐translational change. The extent of shift exhibited upon phosphorylation is algorithmically converted into the number of phosphorylations conferred. The validity of ProteoMod was confirmed by examining proteins with previously known number of phosphorylations. The list of proteins examined included HSP27, HSP70 and tumor suppressor p53. The approach can also be applied to estimate modifications like acetylation, methylation and sialylation in proteins. We analyzed shifts in isoelectric points due to sialylation events in N‐glycoproteins. Using influenza hemagglutinin we show that shifts in isoelectric points correlate with intracellular distribution of this model membrane protein. In addition to extending the application of two dimensional gel electrophoresis to quantitate modifications, our study also highlights its potential use in cell biology.
Development of a mass fingerprinting tool for automated interpretation of oligosaccharide fragmentation data
Authors: Joshi Hiren J. , Harrison Mathew J. , Schulz Benjamin L. , Cooper Catherine A. , Packer Nicolle H. , Karlsson Niclas G. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe bioinformatic tool GlycosidIQ™ was developed for computerized interpretation of oligosaccharide mass spectrometric fragmentation based on matching experimental data with theoretically fragmented oligosaccharides generated from the database GlycoSuiteDB™. This use of the software for glycofragment mass fingerprinting obviates a large part of the manual, labor intensive, and technically challenging interpretation of oligosaccharide fragmentation. Using 130 negative ion electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry fragment spectra from identified oligosaccharide structures, it was shown that the GlycosidIQ scoring algorithms were able to correctly identify oligosaccharides in the great majority of cases (correct structure top ranked in 78% of the cases and an additional 17% were ranked second highest in the sample set).
Sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing naphthalene moieties obtained by direct copolymerization as novel polymers for proton exchange membranes
Authors: Xing Peixiang , Robertson Gilles P. , Guiver Michael D. , Mikhailenko Serguei D. , Kaliaguine Serge 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA series of sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone)s (SPAEKs) were prepared by aromatic nucleophilic polycondensation of 2,6‐dihydroxynaphthalene with 5,5′‐carbonyl‐bis(2‐fluorobenzenesulfonate) and 4,4′‐difluorobenzophenone. The structure and degree of sulfonation (DS) of the SPAEKs were characterized using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The experimentally observed DS values were close to the expected values derived from the starting material ratios. The thermal stabilities of the SPAEKs were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, which showed that in acid and sodium salt forms they were thermally stable in air up to about 240 and 380 °C, respectively. Transparent membranes cast from the directly polymerized SPAEKs exhibited good mechanical properties in both dry and hydrated states. The dependence of water uptake and of membrane swelling on the DS at different temperatures was studied. SPAEK membranes with a DS from 0.72 to 1.60 maintained adequate mechanical properties after immersion in water at 80 °C for 24 h. The proton conductivity of SPAEK membranes with different degrees of sulfonation was measured as a function of temperature. The proton conductivity of the SPAEK films increased with increased DS, and the highest room temperature conductivity (4.2 × 10−2 S/cm) was recorded for a SPAEK membrane with a DS of 1.60, which further increased to 1.1 × 10−1 S/cm at 80 °C. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 2866–2876, 2004
Chains anisotropy in PDMS networks due to friction on gold surfaces
Authors: Elzein Tamara , Galliano Anthony , Bistac Sophie 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn this article, we describe an experimental friction study of poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) networks on metallic substrates such as gold‐coated slides, and under different conditions. The friction generates a transfer of a thin layer of PDMS and a preferential orientation of the polymer chains at the interface. However, the characterization of this layer is complicated, given the small amount of matter and the contact with a metallic surface. The polarization‐modulation infrared reflexion‐absorption spectroscopy (PM‐IRRAS), which is an excellent tool for anisotropy and orientation studies, was used to characterize the PDMS transferred layer. Our results showed an induced anisotropy due to the friction, and in which PDMS chains are lying parallel to the gold substrate surface. Our spectroscopic analyzes allowed us to imagine a scheme of PDMS transfer on the gold surface. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 2348–2353, 2004
1,2‐polybutadiene complexes with d8 pseudo‐square‐planar transition‐metal salts based on nickel(II), palladium(II), and platinum(II)
Authors: Belfiore Laurence A. , Das Pronab K. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe effects of four d8 transition‐metal complexes from Group 10 on the thermal, mechanical, optical, and spectroscopic properties of atactic 1,2‐polybutadiene are compared, in addition to their ability to induce gelation. Olefin coordination and subsequent metal‐catalyzed chemical crosslinking occur much more quickly, and to a greater extent, at ambient temperature with PdCl2(CH3CN)2 than with PtCl2(C6H5CN)2. Alkene side groups in the polymer attack the pseudo‐square‐planar metal center (i.e., Pd2+ or Pt2+) from above or below the plane of the coordinatively unsaturated low‐molecular‐weight organometallic complex and displace neutral acetonitrile or benzonitrile ligands via an associative mechanism. Gelation occurs much more quickly with Pd2+ than with Pt2+, and the ambient‐temperature elastic modulus of solid polybutadiene/palladium complexes increases significantly, without high‐temperature annealing, so that a weak rubbery polymer is transformed into a glass via 3 mol % Pd2+. Alkene functional groups in the side chain of the polymer do not coordinate to bis(dimethyl)glyoximatonickel(II) at ambient temperature because (1) it is difficult to displace anionic dimethylgloxime ligands that are bidentate; (2) these planar nickel complexes with C2h symmetry are stacked along the c axis via interlocking methyl groups on adjacent molecules; and (3) there is a lack of π back‐bonding between dxy on Ni(II) and empty π* antibonding orbitals of CC, which typically stabilizes olefin complexes with pseudo‐square‐planar d8 metal centers. Pseudo‐octahedral nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate does not form a complex with the polymer, in agreement with some macroscopic properties of these materials. The observed trend in the transition‐metal‐modified properties of atactic 1,2‐polybutadiene in the solid state and in the gel state is Pd(II) > Pt(II) ≫ Ni(II). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 2270–2285, 2004
Surface modification of clay and its effect on the intercalation behavior of the polymer/clay nanocomposites
Authors: Lee Sang‐Soo , Kim Junkyung 
Published: May 2004

AbstractMelt intercalation of the methylsilylated organoclays with polar polymers such as SAN was examined to verify the adhesive role of guest polymeric chains between hydrophilic clay layers, so‐called “glue effect” on intercalation behavior. Once methylsilylated organoclay was melt‐blended with SAN, it was found that the mixture presented significant retardation of increase of interlayer spacing, d001 with heating time, and a noticeable decrease of d001 after the methylsilylation of organoclay, implying that the diffusion of SAN was highly suppressed by the decrease of polar interaction force caused by conversion of OH to methylsiloxyl groups. However, when applying shear force for the methylsilylated organoclay/SAN nanocomposites during melt intercalation, a noticeable increase of d001 was observed, expressing that intercalation of clay by SAN occurred much more effectively because of the reduction of gluing force between host clay and guest polymers, which was well supported by dramatic improvements of mechanical properties after methylsilylation of organoclays. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 2367–2372, 2004
Magneto‐optical properties of Bi‐YIG nanoparticle with polymethacrylate matrix materials
Authors: Kim Tae‐Youb , Yamazaki Yohtaro , Hirano Teruyoshi 
Published: May 2004

AbstractNew magneto‐optical Bi1.8Y1.2Fe5O12 nanoparticle hybridized materials have been developed which are composed of the nanoparticles and methyl, ethyl and butyl methacrylate matrix with poly(methyl methacrylate). The Bi1.8Y1.2Fe5O12 nanoparticles were prepared with coprecipitation and heat‐treatment processes. The hybridized systems were prepared by a mechanical milling process. The magneto‐optical properties of the solidified clear materials were measured. The Faraday rotation angle θF was about 19°/cm and the figure of merit θF/α was about 1.3° at 520 nm for the Bi1.8Y1.2Fe5O12 nanoparticle and ethyl methaclyrate hybrid material. These hybrid material systems have the very attractive feature of an easy molding ability. This property is important for mass production processes of magneto‐optical devices. The Bi‐YIG nanoparticle dispersed fluid and its stiffened bulk material are new promising magneto‐optical materials. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Origin of the magnetic moment enhancement of the ordered Fe50Co50 alloys
Authors: Park C. H. , Kim I. G. , Lee B. C. , Lee J. I. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe investigated the physical origin of the magnetic moment enhancements of the ordered Fe50Co50 alloys with B2 and L10 structures by using the all‐electron total‐energy full‐potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method within the generalized gradient approximation. Pure Fe and Co with the Wigner‐Seitz radii taken from the alloys are also calculated for comparsion. It is confirmed that the magnetic moments of Fe in the alloys are enhanced significantly, while those of Co remain almost unchanged. The Fe magnetic moment enhancement in the alloy originates from “spin–flipping” of t2g electrons caused by the increase of the exchange splitting which makes the majority d electrons filled completely. In the case of the Co magnetic moment in the alloys, the spin‐up d band is already filled up in the pure phases, hence the magnetic moment stability against the alloy formation is preserved. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Novel phase modulation of magnetoresistance oscillations in Kondo/superconducting hybrid loops
Authors: Eom Jonghwa , Shin Yun‐Sok , Lee Hu‐Jong 
Published: May 2004

AbstractLow temperature transport measurements have been performed for Kondo AuFe/superconducting hybrid loops. For both 26‐ppm‐AuFe/Al loop and 70‐ppm‐AuFe/Al loop, magnetoresistance shows Aharonov‐Bohm type oscillation with a period corresponding to the superconducting flux quantum. The phase of the oscillations can be modulated by applying dc bias current through the samples. However, phase shift by the dc current is so effective that only 26‐μA‐current can induce 2π change. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic properties of a ferromagnetic Heusler alloy Co2MnSn
Authors: Lee Gahee , Kim I. G. , Lee J. I. , Jang Y.‐R. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe electronic and magnetic properties of the MnSn terminated (001) surfaces of the ferromagnetic full‐Heusler alloy Co2MnSn with half‐metallic character are investigated theoretically by using the all‐electron full‐potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for exchange and correlation. The calculated magnetic moment for surface Mn (3.68 μB) exhibits much enhanced value compared with the bulk moment (3.17 μB). We can see that the MnSn terminated surface also affects the Co magnetic moment on the subsurface layer (1.10 μB) to be slightly larger than the bulk value (0.98 μB). The local magnetic moment on the Sn site couples antiferromagnetically to Mn moment with a very small value (less than 0.1 μB). The calculated density of states (DOS) shows that there is a very small finite spin‐down DOS at the Fermi level instead of a band gap for the Mn surface layer, which indicates that the half‐metallicity may be destroyed by surface states for the MnSn teminated surface. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Transfer ratio of magnetic tunnel transistors with various Schottky materials
Authors: Hirose Takakazu , Fujiwara Yuji , Jimbo Mutsuko , Kobayashi Tadashi , Shiomi Shigeru 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe transfer ratio and the magneto‐current were investigated for magnetic tunnel transistors with various Schottky materials. In the transistor with a Au/n‐Si Schottky junction, a transfer ratio of 0.81 × 10−4 and a magneto–current of 280% were obtained with an emitter voltage of 1.0 V. On the other hand, a transfer ratio of 0.76 × 10−3 and a magneto‐current of 110% with an emitter voltage of 1.0 V were obtained in the transistor with a NiFe/n‐Si Schottky junction. Thus the transfer ratio of the transistor with NiFe/n‐Si Schottky junction was about one order of magnitude larger than that with Au/n‐Si junction. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic properties of Fe catalysts included in carbon nanotubes
Authors: Jang Jae Won , Lee Kyu Won , Lee Cheol Eui , Lee Tae Jae , Lee Cheol Jin , Lyu Seung Chul 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe have synthesized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) including Fe catalysts by the vapor phase growth method at 950 °C. Different Fe concentrations were obtained by varying the Ar and CO flow rates during the vapor phase growing of the MWNTs. Magnetic properties of the MWNTs with different Fe concentrations were characterized by means of SQUID measurements in the temperature range of 5–300 K. As a result, superparamagnetic behaviors were observed at all the Fe concentrations. The form of the Fe catalysts included in MWNTs was discussed in view of the change of the average magnetic moment and the number of Fe particles with changing Fe concentration. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Behavior of precipitates in GaMnN
Authors: Lee K. J. , Yu F. C. , Kim J. A. , Kim D. J. , Kim B. G. , Kang Y. H. , Kim H. J. , Ihm Y. E. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe behavior of precipitates in magnetic GaMnN films upon annealing was investigated. The major precipitate was Mn3GaN phase in GaMnN layers grown via molecular beam epitaxy using a single GaN precursor under high Mn flux. With heat treatment of the films, the Mn3GaN phase decomposed and a part of it was converted to magnetic Mn3Ga phase through detachment of nitrogen. The decomposition kinetics was further accelerated by neutron irradiation, which generated defects in the lattice and assisted the decomposition of the precipitates. The saturation magnetization of the homogeneous GaMnN layer was increased after the heat treatment while it was decreased in the precipitated GaMnN layer. The increase and decrease of the magnetization of the heat‐treated GaMnN films was explained consistently by the role of the precipitates in the films. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Highly ordered macroporous magnetic materials prepared by electrodeposition through colloidal template
Authors: Kim J. C. , Kim Y. N. , Hur N. H. , Kim W. S. , Kang Y. G. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe report magnetic properties of macroporous magnetic materials with highly ordered spherical voids prepared by an electrochemical technique. The interstitial sites in close‐packed arrays of colloidal silicas were filled by the electrodeposition of Fe, Co, and Fe3O4. The silica templates were removed by soaking the deposited templates into a 2% HF solution. SEM images of the template‐free macroporous magnetic materials clearly exhibit spherical voids arranged in a three dimensionally ordered structure. The magnetization curves of the Fe and Co films show a decreasing tendency with decreasing temperature, which might be associated with magnetic polarization and domain wall propagation. On the other hand, the Fe3O4 film exhibits a typical ferromagnetic behavior but has the reduced Curie temperature, which is due to the 2D Heisenberg type of the Fe spins. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mössbauer studies of the Cr doped ordered perovskite
Authors: Ahn Geun Young , Kim Je Hoon , Park Seung‐Iel , Kim Chul Sung 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe Cr doped ordered perovskite powder of Sr2Fe0.93Cr0.07MoO6 has been prepared by a solid‐state reaction method. The chemical composition and the crystalline structure of the sample were confirmed with the Rutherford backscattering spectrometer spectrum and X‐ray diffraction pattern analysis. The crystalline structure was determined to be tetragonal with lattice parameters a0 = 5.572 Å and c0 = 7.900 Å, respectively. The magnetic properties of the Sr2Fe0.93Cr0.07MoO6 have been studied by the vibrating sample magnetometer and the Mössbauer spectroscopy. The saturation magnetization and the coercive force were 26.5 emu/g and 101.2 Oe at room temperature. Mössbauer spectra measurements of the Sr2Fe0.93Cr0.07MoO6 have been taken at various temperatures ranging from 15 to 450 K. Analysis of Mössbauer spectra has considered with next nearest‐neighbour interactions and the anisotropic hyperfine field fluctuation. The anisotropic field fluctuation of +H (P+ = 0.85) is greater than that of −H (P− = 0.15). (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)