bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEDD8 protein is involved in ubiquitinated inclusion bodies
Authors: Dil Kuazi Afroz , Kito Katsumi , Abe Yasuhito , Shin Ryong‐Woon , Kamitani Tetsu , Ueda Norifumi 
Published: January 2005

AbstractProteolysis by the ubiquitin–proteasome system is considered to play a pathological role in several degenerative diseases that involve ubiquitinated inclusion bodies. In recent years, several ubiquitin‐like proteins have been isolated, but it is uncertain whether their roles are associated with protein degradation through the ubiquitin–proteasome system. NEDD8 (neural precursor cell‐expressed and developmentally down‐regulated gene), which consists of 81 amino acid residues, possesses the highest sequence similarity to ubiquitin. Recent studies have indicated that NEDD8 is covalently ligated to cullin family proteins, which are components of certain ubiquitin E3 ligases, by a pathway analogous to that of ubiquitin. Thus, by focusing on the structural and functional association between NEDD8 and ubiquitin, it would be of interest to know whether the NEDD8 system is involved in pathological disorders of the ubiquitin–proteasome system. This study has examined the immunohistochemical distribution of NEDD8 protein by using a highly purified antibody in normal tissues and in tissues known to contain ubiquitinated inclusions. NEDD8 protein expression was widely observed in most types of tissues. Furthermore, accumulation of the NEDD8 protein was commonly observed in ubiquitinated inclusion bodies, including Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease, Mallory bodies in alcoholic liver disease, and Rosenthal fibres in astrocytoma. Two of ten cases of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques from patients with Alzheimer's disease showed intense staining for NEDD8 as well as for ubiquitin. These findings suggest the possibility that the NEDD8 system is involved in the metabolism of these inclusion bodies via the ubiquitin–proteasome system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐efficacy and self‐concept as predictors of college students' academic performance
Authors: Choi Namok 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSocial cognitive theory suggests that self‐constructs are better predictors when the specificity levels of self‐constructs (as predictors) and the criterion variable closely correspond. In this study it was examined whether self‐constructs measured at an intermediate level of specificity better correspond with the criterion variable (course grades: an intermediate level of specificity) than general self‐constructs or specific self‐constructs. Self‐constructs in this study included self‐efficacy and self‐concept at varying degrees of specificity: general self‐efficacy, academic self‐efficacy, specific self‐efficacy, academic self‐concept, and specific self‐concept. College students (N = 230) in general education courses voluntarily completed the three self‐efficacy measures and the two self‐concept measures. Results of correlation and simultaneous multiple regression analyses indicated that the closer the level of specificity of self‐efficacy and self‐concept, the stronger the relationship between the two constructs. Both academic self‐concept and specific self‐concept were significant predictors of term grades. In addition, academic self‐concept was also a significant predictor, whereas neither general self‐efficacy nor academic self‐efficacy was significant. Measurement issues and implications of the findings are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 197–205, 2005.
Using behavioral and academic indicators in the classroom to screen for at‐risk status
Authors: Belsito Laura , Ryan Bruce A. , Brophy Kathleen 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe present study validated a brief at‐risk screening instrument designed for easy use by teachers in the elementary school. School performance measures were collected for students in first to sixth grade one year following initial teacher ratings using the Screening For At‐Risk Status screening instrument. Findings indicated that the instrument is best seen as measuring a single at‐risk construct with items drawn from three domains: academic skills, social confidence, and social cooperation. Correlations between at‐risk scores and school performance measures taken one year later demonstrated predictive validity. The screening instrument correctly identified at‐risk students with 88% accuracy and not‐at‐risk students with 74% accuracy. There were 12% false negatives. Use of the instrument provides teachers with a quick, easy screening of students who may develop difficulties in the future. For schools, the screening can be used as the first step in a supportive response system to assist at‐risk students from developing serious school difficulties and possibly failure in the longer term. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 151–158, 2005.
Situational specificity makes the difference in assessment of youth behavior disorders
Authors: McDermott Paul A. , Steinberg Carrie M. , Angelo Lauren E. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this article we examine the ability of contextual information to enhance assessment of behavior problems in schools. Capitalizing on the multisituational structure of the Adjustment Scales for Children and Adolescents, exploratory and confirmatory analyses with a representative national sample (N= 1,400, ages 5–17 years) revealed three unique and reliable behavioralsitutypes(problems in Peer Contexts, Academic Contexts, and Teacher Contexts). The situtypes were found internally consistent and structurally generalizable across age, sex, and ethnicity. Multiple logistic and discriminant analyses confirmed the ability of the situtypes to identify accurately those youth independently diagnosed as emotionally disturbed, as well as distinguish those diagnosed as learning disabled. Information gleaned from the situtypes was substantially better able than conventional psychopathology syndromes (attention‐deficit hyperactivity, oppositional defiance, etc.) to forecast later academic achievement. Implications for informing motivation and intervention are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 121–136, 2005.
A contextual approach to the assessment of social skills: Identifying meaningful behaviors for social competence
Authors: Warnes Emily D. , Sheridan Susan M. , Geske Jenenne , Warnes William A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAn exploratory study was conducted which assessed behaviors that characterize social competence in the second and fifth grades. A contextual approach was used to gather information from second‐ and fifth‐grade children and their parents and teachers regarding the behaviors they perceived to be important for getting along well with peers. Data were gathered from children through structured interviews with the researcher. Parents and teachers provided information through open‐ended paper‐pencil surveys. Qualitative methodology was used to analyze the data in this study. Specifically, a three‐stage coding process derived from grounded theory was utilized (A. Strauss & J. Corbin, 1998). Triangulation, a technique common to qualitative research whereby multiple sources are used to verify themes identified from data, also was used throughout the coding process to enhance standards of rigor (J.W. Creswell, 1998). Results indicated substantial overlap among the types of behaviors reported by children, parents, and teachers in both grades. Likewise, a number of noteworthy similarities and differences were found among second‐ and fifth‐grade sources. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for social skills assessment and intervention. Limitations and directions for future research also are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 173–187, 2005.
Development of the California school climate and safety survey‐short form
Authors: Furlong Michael J. , Greif Jennifer L. , Bates Michael P. , Whipple Angela D. , Jimenez Terese C. , Morrison Richard 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPlanning is essential to creating safe schools and it is required by the Federal No Child Left Behind legislation (U.S. Department of Education, 2004) and implemented via district local education action plans. The implementation of these plans involves continuous monitoring and reevaluation of information pertinent to each campus. As such, this process is facilitated by the availability of measures that are simple to administer, inexpensive, and whose psychometric properties have been evaluated. The California School Climate and Safety Survey (CSCSS), originally developed by M.J. Furlong, R. Morrison, and S. Boles (1991), was specifically developed for these purposes. The CSCSS is a student self‐report questionnaire created to measure general school climate and personal safety‐related experiences. In this article, we present the results of an evaluation of the CSCSS including exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. These analyses reduced the original CSCSS research version from 102 items to 54 items. The psychometric properties of this CSCSS‐SF (Short Form) are presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 137–149, 2005.
Consequences of proton transfer in guanidine
Authors: Raczyńska Ewa D. , Cyrański Michał K. , Gutowski Maciej , Rak Janusz , Gal Jean‐François , Maria Pierre‐Charles , Darowska Małgorzata , Duczmal Kinga 
Published: January 2005

AbstractConsequences of proton‐transfer reactions in guanidine in the solid state, solution and gas phase are discussed. Y‐delocalization, resonance and symmetry strongly influence the basicity of guanidine in the gas phase. These effects are, however, insufficient to explain the basicity of guanidine which in aqueous solution is stronger than that of trisubstituted alkylamines and proton sponge (DMAN). The intrinsic (gas‐phase) basicity of guanidine is close to that of triethylamine. The large difference between the basicities of amines and guanidine in solution is attributed to the important role played by effects such as polarizability and internal and external solvation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Semi‐empirical studies of substituent effects on the ionization of bicyclooctane carboxylic acids and quinuclidines
Authors: Diez y Riega Helena , Rincón Luis , Almeida Rafael 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSemiempirical AM1 calculations were performed for a representative series of 4‐substituted bicyclooctane carboxylic acids and quinuclidines. It was found that the Hammett constant, σI, and the Swain and Lupton field constant, F, correlate linearly with the differences in the heat of formation of isodesmic reactions. These constants also correlate with the charges on the acid moiety of the bicyclooctane acids and their anions, and with the hydrogen net charge on the protonated quinuclidines. For all cases, the NO2 was the poorest correlated substituent. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Facile synthesis, characterization, and potential applications of two kinds of polymeric pH indicators: Phenolphthalein formaldehyde and o‐cresolphthalein formaldehyde
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Liu Junfeng , Chen Tianlu 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTwo kinds of applicable polymeric pH indicators were synthesized by the reaction of phenolphthalein and o‐cresolphthalein with formaldehyde under alkaline conditions by a one‐pot method. The synthesized products were fully characterized with Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. The results indicated that the reaction was a typical phenol formaldehyde reaction. The dosage of formaldehyde and the reaction time were well controlled to obtain soluble polymers, instead of crosslinked products. The polymeric‐pH‐indicator‐immobilized poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes were easily fabricated and had good long‐term stability under highly basic conditions and a fast equilibrium response. Moreover, the phenolphthalein formaldehyde immobilized PVA membrane had a linear response from pH 10.0 to 14.0, and so it has promise as a optical transducer for high pH value determinations. The o‐cresolphthalein formaldehyde immobilized PVA membrane had a nonlinear response from pH 9.0 to 13.0. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 1019–1027, 2005
Conformational behavior of nylon 6 in mixed solvents
Authors: Baloch Musa Kaleem , Nawaz Mohsan 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe intrinsic viscosity [η], Huggins constant (KH), laser light scattering, UV and IR measurements of Nylon 6 are made in m‐cresol and its mixture with 1,4‐dioxane at 20–60 °C. The intrinsic viscosity, Rg, A2, (<S>2)1/2 (calculated from viscosity data), RH, and UV absorbance initially increase and then decrease with the rise in 1,4‐dioxane contents. The KH and the transmittance of OH group in IR spectra show an opposite trend to that of [η]. The dielectric constant calculated from the refractive index of the solvent (m‐cresol with 1,4‐dioxane) and polymer solution shows a continuous decrease with the amount of 1,4‐dioxane. Activation energy shows a minimum while linear expansion coefficient (α3) maximum with the addition of 1,4‐dioxane. Change in [η], KH, and other characteristics of the polymer solutions with alterations in solvent composition and temperature are the result of variation in the thermodynamic quality of the solvent, its selective adsorption, hydrogen bonding, and conformational transitions. It has been concluded that the addition of 1,4‐dioxane first enhances the quality of the solvent, encourages hydrogen bonding, and specific adsorption, and then deteriorates, bringing conformational transitions in the polymer molecules. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 534–541, 2005
Synthesis of poly(urethane urea) by in situ polymerization inside stone
Authors: Cocca M. , D'Arienzo L. , D'Orazio L. , Gentile G. , Martuscelli E. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe first synthesis of poly(urethane urea) by in situ polymerization inside stone was successfully carried out. Poly(propylene glycol), isophorondiisocyanate, and a catalyst [tin(II) ethyl hexanoate, aluminum acetylacetonate, or zirconium acetylacetonate] were mixed with acetone in petri dishes, and tuff samples were placed in the dishes at room temperature. The effects of the comonomer ratio, catalyst, and catalyst concentration on the chemical structure of the synthesized poly(urethane urea) were investigated. The poly(urethane urea) distribution inside the tuff and the related morphology were also analyzed, as well as the reversibility of the performed treatments. Finally, the effects of the in situ polymerization polymer on the properties of the stone, such as water capillary absorption and permeability to water vapor, were assessed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 542–552, 2005
Crystallization kinetics and melting behavior of syndiotactic 1,2‐polybutadiene
Authors: Ren Minqiao , Chen Qingyong , Song Jianbin , Zhang Huiliang , Sun Xiaohong , Mo Zhishen , Zhang Hongfang , Zhang Xuequan , Jiang Liansheng 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDifferential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate the isothermal crystallization, subsequent melting behavior, and nonisothermal crystallization of syndiotactic 1,2‐polybutadiene (st‐1,2‐PB) produced with an iron‐based catalyst system. The isothermal crystallization of two fractions was analyzed according to the Avrami equation. The morphology of the crystallite was observed with polarized optical microscopy. Double melting peaks were observed for the samples isothermally crystallized at 125–155 °C. The low‐temperature melting peak, which appeared approximately 5 °C above the crystallization temperature, was attributed to the melting of imperfect crystals formed by the less stereoregular fraction. The high‐temperature melting peak was associated with the melting of perfect crystals formed by the stereoregular fraction. With the Hoffman–Weeks approach, the value of the equilibrium melting temperature was derived. During the nonisothermal crystallization, the Ozawa method was limited in obtaining the kinetic parameters of st‐1,2‐PB. A new method that combined the Ozawa method and the Avrami method was employed to analyze the nonisothermal crystallization of st‐1,2‐PB. The activation energies of crystallization under nonisothermal conditions were calculated. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 553–561, 2005
Kinetics of fluid spreading on viscoelastic substrates
Authors: Kaneko Daisaku , Gong Jian Ping , Zrínyi Miklós , Osada Yoshihito 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe spontaneous spreading of non‐film‐forming fluids on the surfaces of aqueous solutions of poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐propanesulfonic acid) and its chemically crosslinked gels was studied. The experiments were performed in the same concentration range for the solutions and gels, far above the overlap concentration of the polymer solutions. The leading edge (R) of the spreading liquid showed a power‐law behavior with time t: R = K(t + c)α, where α is the spreading exponent and K is the spreading prefactor. α and K were significantly different for the polymer solutions and gels. Here c was a constant that depended on the initial conditions of the spreading liquids. Depending on the polymer concentration, α of the polymer solutions varied between the upper (3/4) and lower (1/10) theoretical limits for viscose liquids and solids, respectively. This indicates that no universal scaling law exists for the spreading process on viscoelastic surfaces. On the polymer gels, which were elastic substrates, universal values of α could be observed and could be expressed as R ∝ (t + c)0.45 and R ∝ (t + c)0.3 for miscible and nonmiscible spreading liquids, respectively; they showed no dependence on the polymer concentration or network mesh size. This shows that on an elastic gel surface, spreading is more or less similar to that on a solid surface. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 562–572, 2005
Reliability of the lung‐to‐head ratio in predicting outcome and neonatal ventilation parameters in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Heling K. S. , Wauer R. R. , Hammer H. , Bollmann R. , Chaoui R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractObjectivesThe ratio of the lung area (on the contralateral side of the hernia) to the head circumference, the lung‐to‐head ratio (LHR), has been proposed as a reliable tool in the assessment of the prognosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). An LHR < 0.6 has been associated with poor outcome whereas one > 1.4 has been associated with survival. We aimed to analyze the role of LHR in predicting fetal outcome and ventilation parameters in cases of isolated CDH in our center.MethodsDuring the 40‐month study period, 22 fetuses with an isolated CDH were delivered alive under optimized conditions at our perinatal center. LHR was measured at the time of diagnosis (median, 27 weeks' gestation). In addition to survival, postnatal ventilation parameters including pCO2, pO2, inspiratory O2 partial pressure, inspiratory pressure and oxygenation index were determined, as was the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension.ResultsThe overall survival rate was 59%. The LHR was not able to predict fetal outcome reliably. There was no correlation between the liver herniation, LHR and fetal outcome. The prenatally determined lung size reflected in the LHR did not show any significant association with individual ventilation parameters. Eleven of 17 infants examined had signs of pulmonary hypertension and the LHR did not predict this condition.ConclusionOur study cannot support the optimistic results reported by other groups on the use of LHR as a reliable predictor of outcome in fetuses with CDH. The LHR, as a reflection of lung size, correlates neither with survival patterns nor with various postnatal ventilation parameters. Copyright © 2005 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative determination of major systematics in synchrotron x‐ray experiments: seeing through harmonic components
Authors: Tran C. Q. , Barnea Z. , de Jonge M. D. , Dhal B. B. , Paterson D. , Cookson D. J. , Chantler C. T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn line with an ongoing programme to determine accurately x‐ray attenuation coefficients, we have developed a method for the quantitative determination of the effect on experimental results of monochromator harmonic components in a synchrotron beam. The technique can be adapted to suit a wide variety of experiments, and is of particular interest because it determines the effect of the harmonic components directly. This avoids the necessity for modelling and is therefore robust. Results of a direct determination of the effect of harmonic components illustrate the power of the technique. We extended the technique to quantify the effects of dark current‐induced errors. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response of coccinellids to their aphid prey at different spatial scales
Authors: Schellhorn Nancy A. , Andow David A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPredators that have an increasing numerical response for aggregation, attack and oviposition to increasing prey density are thought to be ideal for biological control. However density‐dependent processes are infrequently detected and explanations include differences in the scales at which observations are made, behavioral differences among species, and habitat features. We examined the aggregation of four species of colonizing adult coccinellids to varying prey densities at two spatial scales in a maize system. Three of the species, Adalia bipunctata, Hippodamia tredecimpunctata, and Hippodamia convergens, responded to aphid abundance at the plant scale, and one species, Coleomegilla maculata, responded to the average aphid density at the plot (10×10 m) scale. In addition, H. convergens responded to individual plants with high aphid abundance in those plots with many plants of high aphid abundance. These results suggests that C. maculata (and possibly H. convergens) may be better able to colonize fields before aphid populations reach high levels, whereas A. bipunctata and H. tredecimpunctata may only be able to respond to high aphid abundance at the plant scale. This study suggests that spatial scale can affect predator–prey dynamics in a species‐specific manner. However, the differences among coccinellid species in the community appear to be complementary, potentially contributing to greater aphid suppression.