bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence from fluorescent dye based polyurethane ionomer(III)
Authors: Chen Y. C. , Chiou R. R. , Huang H. L. , Tsai Y. Z. , Kuo Y. M. , Chao D. Y. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA series of reactive fluorescent dyes were successfully synthesized and their structure was proven by IR spectra, NMR spectra, elemental analysis, and mass spectra. The fluorescence performance 6‐amino‐2(‐3‐phenyl‐propyl)‐benzo[de]isoquinoline‐1,3‐dione and 2‐benzyl‐6‐hydroxy‐benzo[de]isoquinoline‐1,3‐dione appears at around 276 and 437.4 nm, respectively, and their quantum yields are 0.662 and 0.562, respectively. It is important to indicate that the fluorescence performance is better for 6‐amino‐2(‐3‐phenyl‐propyl)‐benzo[de]isoquinoline‐1,3‐dione than for as a result of more electron donating groups linked to the 6‐amino‐2(‐3‐phenyl‐propyl)‐benzo[de]isoquinoline‐1,3‐dione molecule. These fluorescent dyes further react with toluene diisocyanate and other additives to form fluorescent dye based polyurethane (PU) ionomer molecules, and their structures are demonstracted by IR spectra. In aqueous solution, the fluorescence performance appears to be better for 6‐amino‐2(‐3‐phenyl‐propyl)‐benzo[de]isoquinoline‐1,3‐dione based PU ionomer than for 6‐amino‐2‐phenyl‐ethyl‐benzo[de]isoquinoline‐1,3‐dione based PU ionomer. For the fluorescent dye based PU ionomer molecule system, the number‐average particle sizes of the fluorescent dye based PU ionomer molecules in water increase with increasing concentration of the fluorescent dye, as a result of the increased free volume of the ionomer molecule. This may be the result of increased intermolecular interactions between ionomer– molecules themselves. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 455–465, 2005
Moisture sorption of a three‐dimensional braided carbon fiber–epoxy composite under different media
Authors: Wan Y. Z. , Han K. Y. , Wang Y. L. , Huang Y. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA three‐dimensional braided carbon fiber–epoxy (C3D/EP) composite was prepared by the vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique. Its moisture absorption behavior under different media was characterized and compared with a unidirectional composite. Similar to the unidirectional composite, diffusion in the 3D composite obeys Fick's second law of diffusion when immersed in distilled water and phosphate‐buffered saline. In HCl and NaOH solutions, no Fickian behavior was observed. The similarity between the unidirectional and 3D composites suggests that fiber structure does not change diffusion pattern. However, the two composites showed different diffusion parameters (k, D, and Me) in each medium studied. The 3D composite showed lower k, D, and Me values because of its stronger hindrance effect to transport of moisture molecules. Diffusion in PBS is slower than that in distilled water because of the presence of heavy ions, but the diffusion pattern remains unchanged. In HCl, the diffusion behavior of the two composites cannot be described by Fick's law. In addition, the k value calculated from the initial linear part of the moisture sorption curve is much lower than that in distilled water. Diffusion in NaOH is unusual; the uptake initially increases rather rapidly but quickly drops, which is likely caused by the extensive solubility of the polymer matrix. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 507–512, 2005
Improvement of wettability of hydrophobic films by impregnation of anthraquinone attached to polyoxyethylene glycol
Authors: Okubayashi Satoko , Itoh Yukie , Shosenji Hideto 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAmphiphilic anthraquinone bearing polyoxyethylene moiety (PEGMW‐AQ) was prepared and impregnated in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon 6 (ON) films. The uptake of PEGMW‐AQ to PET film increased in proportion to the concentration of PEGMW‐AQ in a bath, and the contact angle of water dropped on the film decreased with increase in the uptake. At a constant uptake of PEGMW‐AQ, the contact angle decreased with an increase of molecular weight of PEGMW attached to the anthraquinone, which indicates that polyoxyethylene moiety of PEGMW‐AQ is effective on the wettability of the film. The decrement of water contact angle on PET film dyed with PEGMW‐AQ was larger than that on ON film at the same dye uptake because of the higher dyeability of PET film than ON film with PEGMW‐AQ. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 545–549, 2005
The influence of chitosan and some of its depolymerized grades on natural color printing
Authors: Hakeim O. A. , Abou‐Okeil A. , Abdou L. A. W. , Waly A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractChitosan samples with different molecular weights were prepared using sodium nitrite in acidic medium. These samples were practically confirmed by measuring nitrogen content and average molecular weight. The chitosan samples were applied to cotton fabric by the pad dry method. The pretreated cotton fabric was printed with natural coloring matter, curcumin. The color yield of the prints increased by increasing the molecular weight of chitosan. Both wet and dry rubbing fastness of the prints was good. The stiffness results of the printed cotton fabric pretreated with low molecular weight chitosan showed better performance. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 559–563, 2005
Vibrational spectroscopic studies to acquire a quality control method of Eucalyptus essential oils
Authors: Baranska M. , Schulz H. , Reitzenstein S. , Uhlemann U. , Strehle M. A. , Krüger H. , Quilitzsch R. , Foley W. , Popp J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis article presents a novel and original approach to analyze in situ the main components of Eucalyptus oil by means of Raman spectroscopy. The obtained two‐dimensional Raman maps demonstrate a unique possibility to study the essential oil distribution in the intact plant tissue. Additionally, Fourier Transform (FT)‐Raman and attenuated total reflection (ATR)‐IR spectra of essential oils isolated from several Eucalyptus species by hydrodistillation are presented. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed in order to interpret the spectra of the essential oils of the Eucalyptus species. It is shown that the main components of the essential oils can be recognized by both vibrational spectroscopic techniques using the spectral information of the pure terpenoids. Spectroscopic analysis is based on the key bands of the individual volatile substances and therefore allows one to discriminate different essential oil profiles of several Eucalyptus species. It has been found that the presented spectroscopic data correlate very well with those obtained by gas chromatography (GC) analysis. All these investigations are helpful tools to generate a fast and easy method to control the quality of the essential oils with vibrational spectroscopic techniques in combination with DFT calculations. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 78: 237–248, 2005
Effect of orthotopic small bowel transplantation on mineral metabolism in an experimental model
Authors: Kastl S , Müller V , Kotschenreuther U , Radespiel-Troeger M , Hohenberger W , Erben R G 
Published: April 2005

Abstract

Background
Numerous experimental models have been described for investigation of short bowel syndrome. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of orthotopic small bowel transplantation (OSBT) on universal metabolism in an inbred rat model, with particular emphasis on mineral metabolism.

Methods
Jejunoileal resection and syngeneic OSBT was performed in 12-week-old male Lewis rats. Metabolic studies were performed over the following 16 weeks. Bones were analysed by physicochemical methods, dual X-ray absorptiometry, biomechanical procedures and histomorphometry. Biochemical markers of bone turnover were also measured.

Results
Jejunoileal resection induced severe short bowel syndrome with profoundly reduced food efficiency, bone size, fracturing energy and bone mineral content, but no cancellous bone osteopenia. After OSBT rats showed normal growth; bones were of normal size, and bone mineral content and fracturing energy were similar to those in sham-operated controls. However, tibial, but not vertebral, cancellous bone osteopenia was found after transplantation.

Conclusion
OSBT with portal venous drainage achieves almost optimal mineral and bone metabolism. In the absence of immunosuppressive therapy, OSBT does not appear to have major untoward side-effects on bone in rats.
Absolute stereochemistry assignment of N‐phosphorylimine‐derived aza‐Diels‐Alder adducts with TDDFT CD calculations
Authors: Di Bari Lorenzo , Guillarme Stéphane , Hermitage Stephen , Jay David A. , Pescitelli Gennaro , Whiting Andrew 
Published: April 2005

AbstractN‐Phosphorylimines undergo Lewis acid‐catalyzed Diels‐Alder reactions with Danishefsky's diene. Application of the chiral catalyst zinc(II)‐(S)‐BINOL results in good‐to‐low asymmetric induction but poor chemical conversion. However, the absolute stereochemistry of novel aza‐Diels‐Alder cycloadducts, such as diethyl 4‐oxo‐2‐phenyl‐3,4‐dihydropyridin‐1(2H)‐ylphosphonate, can be determined using circular dichroism (CD). Comparison between experimental and TDDFT‐calculated CD spectrum shows that use of the (S)‐catalyst results in predominant formation of the (6R) cycloadducts. Chirality 17:323–331, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protein fishing with chiral molecular baits
Authors: Kawamura Akira , Hindi Sagit 
Published: April 2005

AbstractChirality plays a central role in various biological recognition processes. Here a methodology was developed to utilize chiral recognition processes for the selective biotinylation of proteins in crude cell lysates. Two pairs of diastereomeric probes containing benzophenone and biotin were prepared through solid‐phase synthesis. Protein‐binding selectivity of each probe was examined by photo‐cross‐linking of cell lysates, followed by SDS‐PAGE and Western blot. The study revealed that our approach permits selective labeling of benzophenone‐binding proteins in complex proteomes. In addition, it was found that the selectivity depends largely on a single chiral center and substitutions in the vicinity of benzophenone. Taken together, the current work demonstrates that chiral recognition process can be employed to selectively label proteins in complex proteomes. Thus the study opens up the possibility to expand the scope of chemical proteomics research for various applications, including biomarker discovery, drug screening and development. Chirality 17:332–337, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The prognostic value of primary tumor size in papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Machens Andreas , Holzhausen Hans‐Jürgen , Dralle Henning 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDA delay in the diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma often leads to larger tumors, higher prevalence rates of distant metastasis, and earlier cause‐specific deaths. Threshold tumor diameters for extrathyroidal growth, lymph node spread, and distant metastasis in papillary (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) remain to be defined.METHODSA comparative correlation of primary tumor size and extrathyroidal growth, lymph node spread, and distant metastasis was performed for 500 institutional patients who received surgery for PTC or FTC.RESULTSThere were 366 patients with PTC (73.2%) and 134 patients with FTC (26.8%). Multifocality (23.5% vs. 9.0%; P < 0.001) and lymph node metastasis (40.2% vs. 19.4%; P < 0.001) were more common in the patients with PTC than in those with FTC. Patients with FTC were older at first diagnosis (51.6 vs. 47.0 years; P = 0.01) compared with the patients with PTC. The FTC tumors were almost twice as large (39.9 vs. 20.6 mm; P < 0.001), and patients had a higher prevalence of distant metastasis (17.9% vs. 6.3%; P < 0.001). When primary tumor diameter was accounted for, cumulative risks of extrathyroidal growth and lymph node metastasis were higher in patients with PTC than in patients with FTC (P < 0.001; log‐rank test). In striking contrast, the cumulative risk of distant metastasis was the same for PTC and FTC tumors of equal size (P = 0.89; log‐rank test) and increased once the primary tumor size was > 20 mm. Pulmonary metastasis was an earlier event than bone metastasis.CONCLUSIONSThe data suggested that earlier intervention is warranted to keep suspicious thyroid nodules from growing > 20 mm (or greater than T1) and spreading to distant organs. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Lymphatic and vascular embolizations are independent predictive variables of inguinal lymph node involvement in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis
Authors: Ficarra Vincenzo , Zattoni Filiberto , Cunico Sergio Cosciani , Galetti Tommaso Prayer , Luciani Lucio , Fandella Andrea , Guazzieri Stefano , Maruzzi Daniele , Sava Teodoro , Siracusano Salvatore , Pilloni Stefania , Tasca Andrea , Martignoni Guido , Gardiman Marina , Tardanico Regina , Zambolin Tiziano , Cisternino Antonio , Artibani Walter ,   For the Gruppo Uro‐Oncologico del Nord Est (North‐Eastern Uro‐Oncological Group) Penile Cancer Project
Published: April 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of the current study was to identify independent clinical and pathologic variables that were predictive of lymph node involvement in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis in a multicenter series with the intent to select patients who were suitable to undergo immediate inguinal lymphadenectomy.METHODSData were analyzed from 175 patients who underwent surgery for penile carcinoma in 11 urologic centers participating in the Gruppo Uro‐Oncologico del Nord‐Est (Northeast Uro‐Oncological Group) Penile Cancer Data Base. Pathologically positive lymph nodes were defined as the presence of histologically confirmed lymph node metastasis in patients who underwent either immediate or delayed inguinal and/or pelvic lymphadenectomy. Patients who had clinically positive lymph nodes with cytologically positive fine‐needle aspiration results and who had not undergone lymphadenectomy were censored.RESULTSOverall, lymph‐node involvement was observed in 71 of 175 patients (40.6%) included in the analyses. After analyzing the whole group of patients, the following variables were identified as independent predictors of pathologic lymph node metastasis: clinical lymph node status, pathologic stage of the primary tumor, venous and lymphatic embolizations, and histologic grade. In the subgroup of patients with clinically negative lymph nodes, tumor thickness, histologic grade, lymphatic and venous embolizations, infiltration of both corpus spongiosum and urethra, and pathologic stage of the primary tumor (according to the 1997 TNM classification system) were predictive of lymph node involvement on univariate analysis. The generated logistic regression model showed that venous and/or lymphatic embolizations and infiltration of the corpus spongiosum and/or urethra were independent predictors of pathologic lymph node metastasis in patients with clinically negative lymph nodes.CONCLUSIONSVenous and/or lymphatic embolizations played relevant roles as predictors of pathologic lymph node involvement in patients with penile neoplasia and should be considered important parameters in determining which patients with clinically negative lymph nodes should undergo immediate lymphadenectomy. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Estimation of an optimal external beam radiotherapy utilization rate for head and neck carcinoma
Authors: Delaney Geoff , Jacob Susannah , Barton Michael 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDRadiotherapy is used commonly in the treatment of patients with head and neck carcinoma. The benchmark radiotherapy utilization rates for head and neck carcinoma largely are unknown. The objective of the current study was to determine the optimal radiotherapy utilization rate for patients with head and neck carcinoma and to compare this optimal rate with actual utilization rates where actual utilization data were available.METHODSAn optimal radiotherapy utilization tree was constructed that depicted all patients with head and neck carcinoma in whom radiotherapy was indicated according to evidence‐based treatment guidelines. The proportions of patients with clinical attributes that indicated possible benefit from radiotherapy were obtained from epidemiological data and were inserted into the utilization tree. The optimal proportion of patients with carcinoma of the head and neck who should receive radiotherapy was calculated by merging the evidence‐based recommendations with the epidemiological data in the tree. Optimal rates of radiotherapy utilization were compared with actual rates obtained from population‐based studies.RESULTSRadiotherapy was indicated at some point during their illness in 74% of all patients with head and neck carcinoma. By subsite, the optimal radiotherapy utilization rates were oral cavity, 74%; lip, 20%; larynx, 100%; oropharynx, 100%; salivary gland, 87%; hypopharynx, 100%; nasopharynx, 100%; paranasal sinuses, 100%; and unknown squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, 90%. All treatment recommendations were based on Level III or IV evidence. Assessment of actual radiotherapy utilization rates indicated an increased use of radiotherapy over time for head and neck carcinoma. However, there also were some decreases in the use of radiotherapy for some carcinoma subsites over the past 20 years, despite the lower actual rates compared with the optimal rates. The reasons for these reductions in use were not identified.CONCLUSIONSThe actual radiotherapy utilization rate for patients with head and neck carcinoma corresponded reasonably closely to the optimal rate for some populations but also identified some shortfalls for other patient groups. The results of this study provide a way of assessing shortfalls in radiotherapy. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
A study of wireless TCP access with base station diversity
Authors: Naito Katsuhiro , Okada Hiraku , Yamazato Takaya , Katayama Masaaki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIt is known that performance is degraded in Internet access using TCP in a wireless environment, making communications almost impossible. This study proposes a cellular system in which a wireless terminal evaluates its own wireless environment and TCP performance and connects to multiple base stations. The TCP performance in the proposed system is evaluated and it is found to be greatly improved by applying base station diversity. By applying the proposed procedure for selecting the base station to which it will connect, the unnecessary use of wireless resources can be avoided. It is shown that in order to improve TCP performance, the cell radius should be set appropriately for the required TCP performance. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 88(9): 49–61, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20169
Interleaver gain and code search for serially concatenated trellis coded modulations
Authors: Shohon Toshiyuki , Jimbo Keisuke , Ogiwara Haruo 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAn upper bound equation for the bit error rate of serially concatenated trellis coded modulation was proposed, but required an extremely large memory space for the numerical calculations and encountered problems in the execution. In this paper, we propose a method able to perform these numerical calculations. We also analyze the interleaver gain based on the upper bound equation. The results clearly show that a larger interleaver gain is obtained than the prediction from the result of serially concatenated convolution codes. We also present a guide for obtaining a large interleaver gain. This guide can be used even when the codes are limited in a code search, and the results of code searches are presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 88(9): 21–32, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20156
Active contour road model for road tracking and 3D road shape reconstruction
Authors: Yagi Yasushi , Brady Michael , Kawasaki Yoshiteru , Yachida Masahiko 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis paper proposes a road representation model that can detect and track road areas from road scenes photographed by monocular cameras and reconstruct 3D shapes of roads. This model can reconstruct road shapes smoothly and accurately while tracking the road boundaries stably with the parallel property of roads as the active or dynamic contour model constraints. Results of tests on 2500 real road scenes using the model reveal stable road area extraction at a level of 96%. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 88(9): 42–52, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20189
Motion segmentation using orthogonal projection matrix of shape space and discriminant criterion
Authors: Ichimura Naoyuki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe author proposes a motion segmentation method based on a representation of an object in uniform motion using subspace. The motion segmentation is performed by breaking down the shape space of several objects into a set of subspaces. This breaking down uses discriminant analysis of the elements of an orthogonal projection matrix for the shape space. Because the discriminant analysis is needed for only one‐dimensional data, the algorithm is succinct. The proposed method can also be applied to data that includes noise and outlier values because only data that has information useful for motion segmentation based on the results of the discriminant analysis is selected. The author uses online and off‐line experiments using real images to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 88(9): 64–72, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20191