bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tobacco use and outcomes of pregnancy: A community-based cross-sectional study among the women in the reproductive age group in the rural area of Belgaum District, Karnataka, South India
Authors: Kulkarni Namratha , Naik Vijaya A 
Published: October 2023

Exposure to tobacco smoke affects all stages of human reproduction. Smoking is not rare among Indian women, but research over the past decade has shown that Indian women’s use of smokeless tobacco products is substantial and increasing, with negative consequences for both oral morbidity and perinatal health, including premature delivery, low birth weight, and birth length. This study was done to know the prevalence of tobacco consumption among rural women in the reproductive age group and its association with the outcomes of pregnancy A community-based cross-sectional study, was conducted from January 2011 to December 2011 among 1200 rural women aged between 15 years to 49 years residing in Primary Health Centre (PHC) Vantmuri area, Belgaum, Karnataka, India. Statistical analysis was done using rates, ratios, and chi-square tests. The prevalence of tobacco consumption was 9.7%. In this study, we found that except for the first pregnancy outcomes, and all the subsequent outcomes of the pregnancies, the differences are statistically significant indicating an association between tobacco consumption and the outcome of pregnancy. Also, a significant association was found between tobacco consumption and low birth weight. Women under the reproductive age group constitute an important cohort of the population. A significant association was found between tobacco consumption and the outcomes of pregnancy. It has become the need of the hour to provide enough evidence on the correlates of tobacco use in the community and to put increasing effort against the expansion of tobacco companies in developing countries, which are often aimed at women.
A community-based cross-sectional study on stressors and gender differences in coping strategies among primary caregivers of cardiovascular disease in the capital city of India, New Delhi
Authors: Kaur Prabhjeet , Goel Manish Kumar , Prasuna J. G 
Published: October 2023

Apart from the impact on mortality rates, CVDs often present as chronic conditions, adding to the stress of caregiving to their caregivers. Males and females cope differently with the stressors in general. In this study, we aim to investigate the gender-based variations in coping strategies among primary caregivers of individuals with CVD.: A sample size of 384 households was selected using systematic random sampling for the study and household was the primary sampling unit. The information was collected regarding the stressors and various coping strategies utilized by primary caregivers to navigate different stressors. Out of the total 384 caregivers, stressors were found in 347 caregivers who were then studied for coping strategies. Among primary caregivers, the proportion of women (58%) was more than men (42%)Planful problem-solving (85.9%) was found to be the most commonly preferred coping strategy among both genders, with no significant association. Among other problem-oriented coping strategies, men caregivers reported using confrontive coping more frequently. While assessing emotion-focused coping strategies, Accepting responsibility (77.5%), Self-controlling (68.9%), Positive appraisal strategy (61.4%) and Distancing (36.3%) were found more likely to be adopted by women. Seeking social support (69%), both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies were found more among women caregivers.By implementing gender-sensitive approaches, we can better support caregivers and help them navigate the challenges of caregiving for individuals with cardiovascular diseases.
Otoscopic, radiological and audiological status of the contralateral ear in patients with unilateral chronic suppurative otitis Media
Authors: Niyatharuni R , Jaiswal Ashwin Ashok , Mene Prachi , Sharma Neeta , Umredkar Girish 
Published: October 2023

As the disease process does not affect both the ears simultaneously in all the cases, it is possible to identify in early stages of the disease process and arrest further progression by timely intervention. Hence, we aim to study the anatomical and functional changes in contralateral ear (CLE) in pts with unilateral CSOM. prospective observational study, of 75 patients attending the OPD of JLN hospital and research center, Bhilai, with unilateral CSOM, with intact TM in CLE were evaluated by otoscope, PTA, Impedance audiometry and CT temporal bone. Above observations were recorded and analyzed. 44% in our study showed abnormal TM, most common was TM retraction, seen in 22.66%. PTA showed mixed hearing loss in 5.33% and normal hearing in 66.66%. Impedance audiometry had A type graph in 82.66%, As type in 10.66%. Compliance was normal in 82.66% and decreased in 10.66%. Pressure was normal in 97.33% and was decreased in 2.66%. Normal, well pneumatized air cells in HRCT temporal bone seen in 90.66% and opacified in 12%.A detailed otoscopic evaluation of the contralateral ear plays a vital role in early diagnosis of the pathology affecting the contralateral ear. Audiological evaluation of the contralateral ear by audiometry and tympanometry provides a pathway for detecting the functional abnormalities in the contralateral ear at an early stage. Knowing the radiological status of the contralateral ear can guide us to monitor the disease progression and plan accordingly.
Prevalence of ocular symptoms in patients suffering from allergic rhinitis in an Indian suburb: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gulati Vibham , Singh Divyanshi , Guleria Trilok Chand , Sharma Disha , Singh Iqbal 
Published: October 2023

Allergic rhinitis (AR) also presents with multiple ocular symptoms such as itching, lacrimation, and bloodshot eyes which has an impact on patients’ life in areas of sleep, learning ability and job. Evaluation of prevalence of ocular symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in a health centre in India's suburban area. Between August 2022 and July 2023, 140 patients with AR were recruited in a systematic manner. During registration, medical history and information about concomitant disease, such as allergic diseases, medication, AR duration, and the presence of ocular symptoms, was gathered through interviews and physical tests. A total of 140 patients were included in the study who fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The average age was 27.3 years (+13.6 years), with men accounting for 63.7% (n=89). Comorbidities were seen in ten (7.14%) of the patients. Eye irritation, lacrimation, red eyes, and swollen eyelids were reported in 71 (50.70%), 37 (26.40%), 24 (17.14%), and 8 (5.71%) individuals, respectively (). Symptoms of eye irritation, lacrimation, red eyes and swollen eyelids were reported in 71 (50.70%), 37 (26.40%), 24 (17.14%), and 8 (5.71%) individuals, respectively. The ocular symptoms in patients with AR might have a major impact on their quality of life.
Evaluation of the possible impact of the fear of hypoglycaemia on diabetes management in children and adolescents with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and their parents - A cross-sectional study.
Authors: ANDREOPOULOU OURANIA , Kostopoulou Eirini , Kotanidou Eleni , Daskalaki Sophia , Vakka Angeliki , Galli-Tsinopoulou Assimina , Spiliotis Bessie E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hypoglycaemia represents a significant source of anxiety for children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and their caretakers. Fear of hypoglycaemia (FoH) was measured in children and adolescents with T1DM as well as in their parents, using an established research instrument, the Hypoglycaemia Fear Survey (HFS).
Methods
This is a two-centre cross-sectional study involving 100 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years old, diagnosed with T1DM. One parent of each child also participated in the study. The participants, who were recruited from two different Paediatric Endocrine Outpatient Clinics, were asked to complete the translated Greek version of the HFS, which includes one version for children (C-HFS) and one for parents (P-HFS). The association of the questionnaire responses with subjects’ characteristics, such as current age, age at diagnosis, duration of diabetes, HbA1c levels and mode of diabetes treatment and were assessed.
Results
Parents exhibited significantly higher mean HFS scores than their children. No significant correlation was found between the P-HFS or the C-HFS scores and the age of children, duration of diabetes, HbA1c or mode of treatment.
Conclusion
The finding that parents experience increased levels of FoH compared to their children emphasizes the importance of healthcare providers screening for parental FoH and focusing on approaches to support them, in order to reduce their psychological burden and thus optimize children’s diabetes management.
Deciphering the Prognostic Significance of WDR77 in Gliomas: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Lu Hanwen , Zhang Bingchang , Wang Zhanxiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Biologically, the WDR77 gene is implicated in the occurrence and development of various clinical malignant tumors. However, its precise role in glioma remains unclear. Therefore, in this study we aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of the biological functions of WDR77 in glioma. Transcriptome data was obtained from CGGA (mRNAseq-693, mRNAseq-325) and TCGA databases for analysis. A total of 699 glioma samples from the TCGA database were used as the training cohort, while 1018 samples from CGGA were used as the validation cohort. Our analysis revealed that WDR77 was significantly overexpressed in high-grade gliomas and mesenchymal subtype gliomas. Survival analysis indicated that elevated WDR77 gene expression was associated with poor prognostic outcomes for high-grade gliomas, particularly glioblastoma (GBM). Gene co-expression analysis demonstrated high correlation between WDR77 and glioma cell cycle, metabolism, and immune processes. Overall, we identified WDR77 as a new biomarker closely associated with the malignant phenotype and poor prognostic outcomes for glioma, playing an important role in regulating the cell cycle and immune processes.
Local Government Accessory Dwelling Unit Policies After State Preemption in California
Authors: Wielga Christopher 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
While local governments retain dominant control over land use in the United States, state governments are increasingly interested in preempting local governments in this area. This article focuses on how local governments in California responded to preemption on the maximum unit size of Accessory Dwelling Units. Using the Terner Center Land Use Survey, and reviewing local government policies, I compare local Accessory Dwelling Unit policies before and after the preemption. I find that local governments responded to state preemptions that created a lower bound of the maximum unit size. Governments below this minimum standard largely moved to comply with it, but those above the standard also appear to have moved their policies to be lower than they were prior to the preemption. Local governments also responded to changes in preemptions that precluded minimum lot sizes, suggesting that the governments who brought their maximum size down were indeed responding to the preemption.
Accumulation of cadmium and lead in macroinvertebrates in relation to sediment concentration and the dynamics of environmental parameters in a tropical estuary of the Colombian Pacific
Authors: Erazo-Enríquez Karen , Duque Guillermo , Cogua Pilar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Estuaries provide a wide variety of ecosystem services; therefore, they are densely populated coastal regions with high activity and vulnerable to contaminants from natural and anthropogenic sources. The estuary of Buenaventura Bay is environmentally affected by liquid and solid wastes of anthropogenic origin, which arrive through the discharges of the main rivers of the region, as well as by gold mining and port activities, generating problems of environmental stress and contamination. For this reason, the main objective of the study was to determine how the environmental dynamics of the bay influences the processes of contamination and accumulation of heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), in sediments and in the muscle tissue of macroinvertebrates. For this purpose, macroinvertebrate samples were collected in two areas of Buenaventura Bay during three different climatic periods in 2018. In addition, sediment samples were collected for granulometric and organic matter data, and physicochemical water data were recorded. Cd and Pb concentrations in sediments and muscle tissue of four species were quantified. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in the sediments were undetectable and therefore did not exceed the maximum permissible values for marine sediment quality (Cd 0.6 mg/kg and Pb 35 mg/kg, TEL values, threshold effect level). The low levels of Cd and Pb in the sediments are due to their granulometric composition: high content of fine sand and low percentage of silt, clay and organic matter, conditions that do not favor the accumulation of metals in this matrix. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in the muscle of the organisms did not exceed the limit established for organisms for human consumption (crustaceans Cd 0.5 mg/kg and Pb 0.5 mg/kg; cephalopods Cd 1.0 mg/kg and Pb 0.3 mg/kg, fresh weight), indicating the absence of serious contamination by these two metals. It was found that the climatic seasons, as well as the peculiarities of each zone of the estuary and their interaction, influenced the dynamics of the physicochemical variables of the water and sediments of the bay. Climatic seasons also influenced the accumulation of Cd in the muscle of crustacean species, being higher under conditions of lower precipitation (dry and transitional seasons). Spatially, the outer zone of the bay showed a trend of higher Cd concentration in crustacean muscle. The environmental variables that best explained the Cd concentrations in the muscle of the four species were: temperature, salinity, and mean sand.
Nexus Between Green Human Resource Management and Environmental Practices: An Empirical Study Using Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Nabi Talia , Joshi Astha , Malik Shabir Hussain , Siddiqui Mushtaq A , YETGİN Muhammed Ali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the correlation between green human resource management (GHRM) and environmental practices (EP), paying attention to the mediating effects of environmental awareness (EA) and participative leadership (PL), drawing upon the Stakeholders Capitalism Theory (SCT) and Social Exchange Theory (SET). The data utilized in this investigation was gathered from a sample of 412 participants by distributing a survey questionnaire. The outcomes of the study revealed a substantial link between green human resource management and Environmental Practices. Furthermore, the outcomes of mediation analysis offer evidence supporting the notion that environmental awareness (EA) and participative leadership (PL) partially mediate the link between green human resource management and environmental practices. The findings presented in the present study provide significant recommendations that are of great value to all parties involved.
Polygenic risk score-based prediction for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Wen Yalu , Zhang Jiayu , Yu Hongmei , Liu Long 
Published: October 2023

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with unclear etiology and ineffective treatments. Integrating multimodal data for PD prediction remains challenging. We analyzed data obtained from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative, using polygenic risk scores (PRS) to reflect genetic susceptibility to PD. We compared the prediction accuracy of models with PRS, demographics, clinical assessment, and biomarkers progressively integrated and investigated relationships. The SDPR-based PRS exhibited the highest prediction performance with an AUC of 0.75. Models combining PRS, demographic, and clinical variables achieved an AUC of 0.91, surpassing models without PRS and matching those with biomarkers. PRS correlated with olfactory function and Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), with its influence on PD risk dependent on gender and MDS-UPDRS. Our study illuminates PD etiology and provides a practical risk assessment framework, highlighting its omnigenic architecture, and the potential for accurate prediction using PRS and non-invasive clinical data.
Impact of simulation and reference catalogues on the evaluation of taxonomic profiling pipelines
Authors: Puller Vadim , Oñate Florian Plaza , Prifti Edi , de Lahondès Raynald 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Microbiome profiling tools rely on reference catalogues, which signifi-cantly affect their performance. Comparing them is however challenging, mainly due to differences in their native catalogues. In this study, we present a novel standardized benchmarking framework that makes such comparisons more accurate. Specifically, we conducted three realistic sim-ulations of gut microbiome samples, each based on a specific taxonomic profiler, and used two taxonomic references to project their results: the Genome Taxonomy Database and the Integrated Gene Catalogue. To demonstrate the importance of using such framework, we evaluated four established profilers along with a novel one, BiomScope. We evaluated the impact of these simulations and that of the common taxonomic references on the perceived performance of these profilers and provide guidelines.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (Kap) Towards Covid-19 in Ethiopia
Authors: Lemma Eshetu , Getachew Theodros , Balay Firehiwot , Menegesha Kirubel , Hurisa Birhanu , Menegesha Abebe , Gebrewold Gashaw , Assefa Zewdu , Abayneh Aschalew , Mindaye Tedla 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

COVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease that is caused by a novel coronavirus and was first detected in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. As of June 26, 2021, in Ethiopia, the number of cases has reached over 275,769, 4,302 death and 258,203 are recovered. A total of 1023(84.3%) and 191(15.7%) were male and female, respectively. The study revealed that overall mean agreement on covid-19 related knowledge, attitude, practice and psychological score were 43.9% (533/1214), 49.0% (595/1214), 52.6% (639/1214) and 53.8% (653/1214), respectively. There was no significant association between Covid-19 knowledge and education level, gender, age group, marital status; however, a significant association were found individuals who had monthly income below 15,000ETB, being employed and resided in urban. Psychological response of individual was significantly associated with being employed and married. Individual`s covid-19 practice such as regular use of personal protective equipment’s (PPE), washing hand, and not touching contaminated surface were significantly related with psychological response and perceived level of attitude. Interestingly, 88.7% of participants had negative attitude towards existence of Covid-19 in Ethiopia where they didn’t believe on it because they never saw any patient during study period and 88.0% of them were pessimists in doing and follow every preventive instruction against the disease. The study showed that participants had satisfactory knowledge, attitude, practice and psychological towards COVID-19 and the preventive measures. However, during the pandemic they did have negative attitude towards existence of Covid-19 in Ethiopia. Large scare studies with defined social health model may be considered in the future.
Synthesis and Performance Study of Amphoteric Ion Fluid Loss Additive SSS/AM/FA/DMDAAC
Authors: Yang Yaping , Li Ming , Zhang Wei , Jiang Baolin , Xu Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
At high temperatures, the salt resistance of fluid loss agents is poor. In order to achieve the goal of high temperature salt resistance, a zwitterionic fluid loss agent was designed and synthesized.Using sodium p-styrene sulfonate, itaconic acid, acrylamide, and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride as raw materials, a water loss agent SMFD was synthesized through aqueous solution polymerization. The structural characterization of the polymer showed that the molecule contains the designed functional groups, has a moderate molecular weight, and can withstand heat at temperatures above 220 ℃. The microstructure of the polymer solution exhibits a three-dimensional network structure. At 150 ℃, the water loss of 4% fluid loss additive is less than 50mL, and it still performs well in semi saturated saline and saturated saline environments. Additionally, the impact of the fluid loss additive on the strength, rheological properties, settlement stability, and other relevant characteristics of the cement slurry is minimal, thereby satisfying the necessary criteria for successful well cementing. The utilisation of microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and organic carbon adsorption testing techniques revealed that the application of SMFD enhances the characteristics of cement filter cakes. This improvement is attributed to the formation of a polymer network through processes such as ion association, adsorption, and polymer synergy. The polymer network effectively fills the voids between cement particles, resulting in a more compact filter cake structure. Consequently, this leads to a reduction in water loss of the cement slurry.
Expanding the application of an eGFP as a visual reporter for optimizing transformation and assessing pollen-mediated gene flow in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: Gao Yang , Youxin Zhang , Huizhen Wu , Min Xueyang , Zhang Bing , Kim Do-Soon , Xuebing Yan , Zhang Chuan-Jie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Efforts are still required for establishing an efficient and standard transformation procedure in alfalfa, an important worldwide forage crop, due to the unstable repeatability of the published genetic transformation. The objectives of this study were to optimize and establish an effective genetic transformation system in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) using eGFP as a visual reporter, and test the feasibility of established procedure in other Medicago species. Comparisons of percent callus induction using three different explants of the four alfalfa cultivars showed that hypocotyl explant had greater callus induction (70-98.6% across four cultivars) than that of cotyledon (17.1%-73.2%) and cotyledonary node (39.7%-70.2%). Explants of ‘Qingshui’ showed the greater mean value of callus induction (80.6%) compared to other cultivars (mean: 46.9-55.5% across three cultivars). Using hypocotyl of ‘Qingshui’, the optimal callus induction and bud differentiation mediums were determined. The established procedure showed the transformation rate of eGFP to ‘Qingshui’ was about 72% with the time taken 85-120 days. Fluorescence and PCR detections evidenced the integration of the eGFP in regenerated plant genome. The procedure also yielded the transformation rate > 64% in M. falcata and M. polymorpha. The eGFP-tagged pollens produced by regenerated alfalfa could be an enabling tool for tracking pollen movement (by wind or insect) to study the pollen distribution patterns and pollinator behavior, thus assess potential risks of transgene flow in genetically modified alfalfa. Additionally, the established procedure would serve a useful approach for introducing agronomically important traits into alfalfa, and thus contribute to breeding program of Medicago species.