bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spiritual Care in Undergraduate Nursing Education
Authors: Willett Tanya Sherry lee , Honan Deena , Wills Amanda , Younas Ahtisham 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The growth of international migration and globalization has increasingly diversified patient populations, emphasizing the need for nursing students to provide competent spiritual care.

Purpose:
To understand the teaching and learning strategies used to prepare undergraduate nursing students for spiritual care.

Methods:
An integrative review with deductive data analysis was used to evaluate, analyze, and synthesize diverse research methodologies.

Results:
Three educational approaches were identified, including passive, reflective, and combinatory approaches. The combinatory approach appears most appropriate for diverse learning styles within a student group.

Conclusions:
No one strategy is best, but any combination of educational strategies can positively impact spiritual care competency within clinical practice.
Overview of the 8thSocial Media Mining for Health Applications (#SMM4H) Shared Tasks at the AMIA 2023 Annual Symposium
Authors: Klein Ari Z. , Banda Juan M. , Guo Yuting , Schmidt Ana Lucia , Xu Dongfang , Flores Amaro Jesus Ivan , Rodriguez-Esteban Raul , Sarker Abeed , Gonzalez-Hernandez Graciela 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTThe aim of the Social Media Mining for Health Applications (#SMM4H) shared tasks is to take a community-driven approach to address the natural language processing and machine learning challenges inherent to utilizing social media data for health informatics. The eighth iteration of the #SMM4H shared tasks was hosted at the AMIA 2023 Annual Symposium and consisted of five tasks that represented various social media platforms (Twitter and Reddit), languages (English and Spanish), methods (binary classification, multi-class classification, extraction, and normalization), and topics (COVID-19, therapies, social anxiety disorder, and adverse drug events). In total, 29 teams registered, representing 18 countries. In this paper, we present the annotated corpora, a technical summary of the systems, and the performance results. In general, the top-performing systems used deep neural network architectures based on pre-trained transformer models. In particular, the top-performing systems for the classification tasks were based on single models that were pre-trained on social media corpora. To facilitate future work, the datasets—a total of 61,353 posts—will remain available by request, and the CodaLab sites will remain active for a post-evaluation phase.
A Novel Hierarchical Network-Based Approach to Unveil the Complexity of Functional Microbial Genome
Authors: Lu Yuntao , Li Qi , Li Tao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBiological networks are pivotal in elucidating intricate biological processes. While substantial research has delved into interspecies environmental interactions within biological networks, intraspecific functional gene interactions within individual microbes remain relatively untapped. The burgeoning availability of microbiome datasets underscores the imperative for a refined examination of microbial genome structures and functions. We innovatively introduce the concept of “Solid Motif Structures (SMS)” through a meticulous biological network analysis of genomes from the same genus, aiming to bridge the gap between the structural and functional intricacies of microbial genomes. Harnessing publicly available data from 162 high-qualityMicrocystisgenomes, a globally prevalent freshwater cyanobacterium instrumental in microbial ecosystems, a comprehensive genome structure network forMicrocystiswas delineated. Employing a state-of-the-art deep learning scheme, we discerned 27 pivotal functional subnetworks and an array of functionally-associated SMS. Incorporating metagenomic data from seven geographically diverse lakes, we embarked on an exhaustive analysis of the functional stability ofMicrocystisacross varied environmental matrices. This culminated in the identification of distinct functional interaction models for each lake. Our research amalgamates these insights into a comprehensive resource repository, furnishing unparalleled perspectives into the functional interplay withinMicrocystis. Leveraging advanced biological network analysis, our study pioneers the delineation of a novel network granularity, facilitating a more lucid comprehension of the dynamic interplay between genome structure and function interactions in microorganisms of the same genus. This study shed light on the plasticity and conservation of microbial functional genomes across diverse environments, offering insights into their evolutionary trajectories.
Woody species with high wood density are more vulnerable to global change in South China
Authors: Li Guolin C , Veresoglou Stavros D 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo cope with global change, plants shift their distributions. Distribution shifts tend to be more dramatic across rare species. We here questioned how the distribution range of eight rare woody species is changing and how effectively the plants cope with the shift. We further addressed whether plant traits that could predict those parameters. We carried out Maxent Distribution Modelling on species observation records before 1980 under present climatic conditions and four future (CMIP5) scenarios. To assess how effectively plants cope with migration we assessed species observations after 1980. We finally collated plant trait data on three traits. Most distribution ranges expanded northwards. Temperature driven rather than precipitation driven variables described distribution shifts best. Wood density summarized well the susceptibility of those plants to climate change. There are many woody species in tropical and subtropical areas for which we have very little information available. We identified, subject to our small pool of species, a plant trait, wood density, that could summarize responses to global change that could potentially be used as a tool in conservation ecology to prioritize conservation efforts.
The superior colliculus response space has globally high– and locally low-dimensionality
Authors: Schwartz Ole S. , Yonehara Keisuke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn understanding of cell types is essential for understanding neural circuits, but only when the response of each type is clearly defined and predictable, as has been observed in the retina1. Recent work has shown that neural responses in the visual cortex are of high dimensionality, questioning the validity of defining cell types in the deeper visual system2–4. Here we investigate the dimensionality of neural responses in the midbrain using two-photon calcium imaging in superficial layers of the mouse superior colliculus (SC). Responses of individual neurons to closely related stimuli, such as ON and OFF light signals, were mutually dependent such that the response to one stimulus could be predicted from the response to the other. In contrast, individual neurons responded to brightness and motion in a statistically independent manner, maximizing functional diversity but preventing traditional cell type classification. To capture the globally high, locally low dimensionality of neural responses, we propose a multidimensional response model, in which classification of cellular responses is meaningful only in local low-dimensional structures. Our study provides a framework to investigate the processing of visual information by the SC, which likely requires a high-dimensional response space structure5,6to perform higher-order cognitive tasks7–12.
Divergent reward cue representations in prefrontal cortex underlie differences in reward motivation between adolescents and adults
Authors: Manzano Nieves Gabriela , Rahn Rachel M , Baskoylu Saba N , Liston Conor M 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA prevailing view on postnatal brain development is that brain regions gradually acquire adult functions as they mature. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) regulates reward learning, motivation, and behavioral inhibition, and undergoes a protracted postnatal maturation. During adolescence, reward-seeking behavior is heightened compared to adulthood — a developmental difference that may be driven by a hypoactive mPFC, with decreased top-down control of impulsive reward-seeking. However, this hypothesis has been difficult to test directly, due in part to technical challenges of recording neuronal activityin vivoacross this developmental period. Here, using a novel 2-photon imaging-compatible platform for recording mPFC activity during an operant reward conditioning task beginning early in life, we show that the adolescent mPFC is hyper-responsive to reward cues. Distinct populations of mPFC neurons encode reward-predictive cues across development, but representations of no-reward cues and unrewarded outcomes are relatively muted in adolescence. Chemogenetic inhibition of GABAergic neurons decreased motivation in adolescence but not in adulthood. Together, our findings indicate that reward-related activity in the adolescent mPFC does not gradually increase across development. On the contrary, adolescent mPFC neurons are hyper-responsive to reward-related stimuli and encode reward-predictive cues and outcomes through qualitatively different mechanisms relative to the adult mPFC, opening avenues to developing distinct, developmentally informed strategies for modulating reward-seeking behavior in adolescence and adulthood.
Insectivorous birds and bats outperform ants in the top-down regulation of arthropods across strata of a Japanese temperate forest
Authors: Sivault Elise , Kollross Jan , Jorge Leonardo Re , Finnie Sam , Diez-Méndez David , Garzon Sara Fernandez , Maraia Heveakore , Lenc Jan , Libra Martin , Murakami Masashi , Nakaji Tatsuro , Nakamura Masahiro , Sreekar Rachakonda , Sam Legi , Abe Tomokazu , Weiss Matthias , Sam Katerina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBirds, bats, and ants are recognized as significant arthropod predators. However, empirical studies reveal inconsistent trends in their relative roles in top-down control across strata. Here, we describe the differences between forest strata in the separate effects of birds, bats, and ants on arthropod communities and their cascading effects on plant damage.We implemented a factorial design to exclude vertebrates and ants in both the canopy and understory. Additionally, we separately excluded birds and bats from the understory using diurnal and nocturnal exclosures. At the end of the experiments, we collected all arthropods and assessed herbivory damage.Arthropods responded similarly to predator exclusion across forest strata, with a density increase of 81% on trees without vertebrates and 53% without both vertebrates and ants. Additionally, bird exclusion alone led to an 89% increase in arthropod density, while bat exclusion resulted in a 63% increase. Herbivory increased by 42% when vertebrates were excluded and by 35% when both vertebrates and ants were excluded. Bird exclusion alone increased herbivory damage by 28%, while the exclusion of bats showed a detectable but non-significant increase (by 22%). In contrast, ant exclusion had no significant effect on arthropod density or herbivory damage across strata.Our results reveal that the effects of birds and bats on arthropod density and herbivory damage are similar between the forest canopy and understory in this temperate forest. In addition, ants were not found to be significant predators in our system. Furthermore, birds, bats, and ants appeared to exhibit antagonistic relationships in influencing arthropod density. These findings highlight, unprecedentedly, the equal importance of birds and bats in maintaining ecological balance across different strata of a temperate forest.
Emerging role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to ameliorate hippocampal NLRP3 inflammation induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescence
Authors: Mellado Susana , Morillo-Bargues María José , Perpiñá-Clérigues Carla , Touahri Najoua , García-García Francisco , Moreno-Manzano Victoria , Guerri Consuelo , Pascual María 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTNOD-like receptors are innate immunity sensors that provide an early and effective response to pathogenic or injury conditions. However, abnormalities in these receptors may cause excessive inflammation. Our studies have reported that an activation of the NLRP3-inflammasome complex in ethanol-treated astrocytes and in chronic alcohol-fed mice could be associated with neuroinflammation and brain damage. Considering the therapeutic role of the molecules contained in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs), the present study aims to evaluate whether the intravenous administration of MSC-EVs from adipose tissue, through inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation, is capable of reducing hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent mice treated with binge drinking. We demonstrate that MSC-EVs ameliorate the activation of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome complex and other NLRs inflammasomes (e.g., NLRP1, NLRC4 and AIM2), as well as the alterations of inflammatory genes (IL-1β, IL-18, iNOS, NF-κB, MCP-1 and CX3CL1) and miRNAs (miR-21a-5p, miR-146a-5p and miR-141-5p) induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice. Bioinformatic analysis further revealed the involvement of miR-21a-5p and miR-146a-5p with inflammatory target genes and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings provide, for the first time, evidence of the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs to restore the hippocampal neuroinflammatory response through the NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by binge drinking in adolescence.
Anti-inflammatory immunomodulation for the treatment of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Vallejo-Cremades Mayte , Merino Javier , Carmona Rita , Córdoba Laura , Salvador Beatriz , Martínez Leopoldo , Tovar Juan. Antonio , Llamas Miguel Ángel , Muñoz-Chápuli Ramon , Fresno Manuel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare disease where the diaphragm does not develop properly altering lung development with no established therapy. We have analyzed the effect of anti-inflammatory immunomodulators that influence macrophage activation in animal CDH models. In the widely-used nitrofen-induced model of CDH in pregnant rats, administration of a single dose of atypical Toll-like Receptors TLR2/4 dual ligands (CS1 and CS2), 3 days after nitrofen, cured diaphragmatic hernia in 73 % of the fetuses, repaired the lesion with complete diaphragm closure. Moreover, they also improve pulmonary hypoplasia and vessel hypertrophy, enhancing pulmonary maturity of fetuses. CS1 treatment also rescued the CDH phenotype in the G2-GATA4Cre;Wt1fl/flCDH genetic mice model. Only 1 out 11 mutant embryos showed CDH after CS1 administration, whereas CDH prevalence was 70% in untreated mutant embryos. Mechanistically, CS1 stimulated the infiltration of repairing M2 macrophages (CD206+ and Arg1+) into the damaged diaphragm and reduced T cell infiltration. Alteration in retinoic acid pathways a have been also implicated in the etiology of CDH. TLR2/4 dual ligands also induced retinol pathway genes, including RBP1, RALDH2, RARα and RARβ, in the affected lungs and the diaphragm and in macrophagesin vitro. The present results place atypical TLR2/4 ligands as a promising solution for CDH, where the own immune system of the fetus is responsible for repairing the hernia/damage in the diaphragm, ensuring the correct positioning and development of all organs.
Conformational diversity in class C GPCR positive allosteric modulation
Authors: Cannone Giuseppe , Berto Ludovic , Malhaire Fanny , Ferguson Gavin , Foullien Aurelien , Balor Stéphanie , Font-Ingles Joan , Llebaria Amadeu , Goudet Cyril , Kotecha Abhay , Vinothkumar Kutti R. , Lebon Guillaume 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) are class C G protein coupled receptors (GPCR) that form obligate dimers activated by the major excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate1,2. The architecture of mGlu receptor comprises an extracellular Venus-Fly Trap domain (VFT) connected to a transmembrane domain (7TM) through a Cysteine-Rich Domain (CRD). The binding of L-glutamate in the VFTs and subsequent conformational change results in the signal being transmitted to the 7TM inducing G-protein binding and activation3–6. The mGlu receptors signal transduction can be allosterically potentiated by positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) binding to the 7TMs, which are of therapeutic interest in various neurological disorders7–9. Here, we report the cryoEM structures of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) purified with three chemically and pharmacologically distinct PAMs. We find that PAMs modulate the receptor equilibrium through their different binding modes, revealing how their interactions in the 7TMs impact the mGlu5receptor conformational landscape and function. In addition, we identified a PAM-free but agonist-bound intermediate state that is stabilised by interactions mediated by intracellular loop 2. The activation of mGlu5receptor is a multi-step sequential process in which the binding of the PAMs in the 7TM modulates the equilibrium towards the active state.
SELENOT regulates endoplasmic reticulum calcium flux via SERCA2 and maintains dopaminergic DAT to protect against attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in mice
Authors: Guo Qing , Li Zhao-Feng , Hu Dong-Yan , Li Pei-Jun , Wu Kai-Nian , Fan Hui-Hui , Deng Jie , Wu Hong-Mei , Zhang Xiong , Zhu Jian-Hong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAttention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent developmental disorder. SELENOT is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident selenocysteine-containing protein. We aimed to investigate the role of SELENOT in dopaminergic neurons. Results fromSelenotfl/fl;Dat-cremice showed that SELENOT deficiency in dopaminergic neurons resulted in ADHD-like behaviors including hyperlocomotion, recognition memory deficit, repetitive movement, and impulsivity. Dopamine metabolism, extrasynaptic dopamine, spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in the striatum and electroencephalogram theta power were enhanced inSelenotfl/fl;Dat-cremice, whereas dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra were slightly reduced but exhibited normal neuronal firing and little cellular stress. Among dopamine- associated proteins, dopamine transporter (DAT) level was remarkably reduced and monoamine oxidase A increased mildly in the striatum and/or midbrain ofSelenotfl/fl;Dat-cremice. The ADHD-like phenotype and DAT ablation were corroborated inSelenotfl/fl;Nestin- cremice, but not inSelenotfl/fl;Gfap-cremice. In vitro overexpression and knockdown analyses and RNA-sequencing data revealed that SELENOT causatively regulated DAT mRNA and protein expression through Ca2+signaling and NURR1. SELENOT maintained cellular Ca2+levels via interaction with endoplasmic reticulum SERCA2, but not IP3Rs and RYRs, as demonstrated by Ca2+imaging, co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry, and colocalization analyses. Treatment with psychostimulants, amphetamine or methylphenidate, rescued the hyperactivity inSelenotfl/fl;Dat-cremice. In conclusion, SELENOT in dopaminergic neurons is indispensable to maintain proper dopamine signaling in the midbrain against ADHD.
Decoding Remapped Spatial Information in the Peri-Saccadic Period
Authors: Moran Caoimhe , Johnson Philippa A. , Landau Ayelet N. , Hogendoorn Hinze 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt has been suggested that, prior to a saccade, visual neurons predictively respond to stimuli that will fall in their receptive fields after completion of the saccade. This saccadic remapping process is thought to compensate for the shift of the visual world across the retina caused by eye movements. To map the timing of this predictive process in the brain, we recorded neural activity using electroencephalography (EEG) during a saccade task. Participants made saccades between two fixation points while covertly attending to oriented gratings briefly presented at various locations on the screen. Data recorded during trials in which participants maintained fixation were used to train classifiers on stimuli in different positions. Subsequently, data collected during saccade trials were used to test for the presence of remapped stimulus information at the post-saccadic retinotopic location in the peri-saccadic period, providing unique insight intowhenremapped information becomes available. We found that the stimulus could be decoded at the remapped location ∼180 ms post-stimulus onset, but only when the stimulus was presented 100-200 ms before saccade onset. Within this range, we found that the timing of remapping was dictated by stimulus onset rather than saccade onset. We conclude that presenting the stimulus immediately before the saccade allows for optimal integration of the corollary discharge signal with the incoming peripheral visual information, resulting in a remapping of activation to the relevant post-saccadic retinotopic neurons.Significance StatementEach eye movement leads to a shift of the visual world across the retina, such that the visual input before and after the eye movement do not match. Despite this, we perceive the visual world as stable. A predictive mechanism known as saccadic remapping is thought to contribute to this stability. We use a saccade task with time-resolved EEG decoding to obtain a fine-grained analysis of the temporal dynamics of the saccadic remapping process. Probing different stimulus-saccade latencies and an array of stimulus locations, we identify when remapped information becomes available in the visual cortex. We describe a critical window in which feedforward visual information and the preparatory motor signals interact to allow for predictive remapping of a stimulus.
Hot spots in a cold river synchronize temporarily separated salmon runs in their offspring’s development
Authors: Negishi JN , Morisaki N , Song YY , Aruga N , Urabe H , Nakamura F 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe identification of thermal heterogeneity in the environment and its inclusion in adaptive strategies are key to habitat management of cold-water fish, including salmonid species. This study tested the hypothesis that upwelling of groundwater (GW) from a tributary catchment through a relatively deep aquifer (tributary GW) affects salmon redds selection in an urbanized gravel-bed river, and that the spawning preference of such areas depends on the seasonal context. The field study was conducted between 2001 and 2015 in an approximately 6-km long segment of the Toyohira River, Northern Japan. Chum salmon redds distribution data over 15 years (2001-2015) were combined with spatial distribution data of hyporheic water affected by tributary GW in the riverbed to examine seasonally variable redds site selection in relation to the presence of unique GW. Furthermore, models that predicted the hyporheic water thermal regime were coupled with redds count data to estimate the approximate timing of fry emergence from the riverbed. The redds site selection was seasonally variable, with a higher dependence on tributary-GW-affected areas with a decrease in water temperature. The time until fry emergence from spawning was shortened when the tributary-GW area was chosen during the cold winter. Overall, the present study identified hotspots for salmon spawning redds in winter with a disproportionately high level of site selection because of their warmer temperature compared to surface river water in winter. Thermally diverse spawning habitats allow the diversification of spawner strains in synchronized descents to the sea. Signs of tributary-GW pollution was suggested, and thus the conservation of the groundwater pathway and its sources, followed by improvements in quality, can be beneficial to the Chum salmon populations in the Toyohira River.