bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corn stem fiber fractionation by acid hydrolysis
Authors: Panggabean S , Sebayang E S , Sigalingging R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fractionation was carried out by hydrolyzing corn stalk powder with 0.3 M HCl. The hydrolysis process was carried out with 3 variations of acid volume with 3 replications in each variation. This hydrolysis will be carried out at a temperature of 100 – 120°C for ± 60 minutes. The glucose level before hydrolysis was 9.7%. The average glucose levels produced after hydrolysis in each volume treatment were 8.56% at a volume of 600 ml, 8.4% at a volume of 650 ml, and 7.92% at a volume of 700 ml.
Understanding the traditional knowledge of picungan bandeng, a fermented fish food and its sustainability in Banten Province
Authors: Khastini R O , Maryani N , Haryati S , Rahmah R A , Sa’ban A , Aisyah H , Fadillah T N , Nadia S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Picungan bandeng is a traditional fermented food prepared by milkfish, mixed with salt and picung (Pangium edule Reinw.) seed kernel as a primary ingredient. The food is original and popular among the traditional community from Banten Province, Indonesia, as the unique taste is produced by the fermentation process. This study aims to better understand traditional knowledge of the picungan bandeng production process and a descriptive overview of common uses and a derivative product of picungan bandeng. The findings of the present study also further discussed in the context of its sustainability for the traditional community. According to the findings, the methods were first developed to preserve the fish for a period of time. They evolved traditional knowledge, which was transmitted orally by communities over generations. It has been recognized that picungan bandeng produced by smallholders has socioeconomic and nutritional benefits. Therefore, picungan bandeng traditional knowledge can consequently have a contribution to sustainable development. The uses of picungan bandeng in main dishes and derivative products as side dishes are explored. This fundamental knowledge serves as a basis for additional scientific studies to further investigate picungan bandeng fermentations for commercial production on an industrial scale.
Promoting sustainability of herbs and spices from Simalungun based on its bioactive compound in traditional food tinuktuk
Authors: Tarigan N , Julianti E , Silalahi J , Sinaga H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bioactive compounds are associate with oxidative stress resistance and inflammation. Tinuktuk is a traditional Simalungun food made from herbs and spices. By knowing the bioactive compounds of tinuktuk traditional food, local heritage will not be lost and the sustainability of herbs and spices can maintain species loss. The purpose of this study was to promote the sustainability of herbs and spices from Simalungun based on bioactive compounds in tinuktuk. The ingredients that used in three types of tinuktuk formulations consisted of various herbs and spices. In addition, various chemicals according to the procedure for determining flavonoid, phenol, alkaloid and saponin levels. The results concluded that tinuktuk of formulation B has the highest levels of flavonoids which was 5.137 ± 0.236 Mg QE/g extract, meaning that in every gram of tinuktuk extract, there was flavonoid equivalent to 5.137 mg of quercetin. Alkaloids content which was 34.085 ± 0.665%, saponins content which was 1.989 ± 0.139%, and the highest phenolic content test result was formulation B, which was 22.913 ± 0.474 Mg GAE / g extract, meaning that in every gram of tinuktuk extract, there were phenolics equivalent to 22.913 mg of gallic acid.
Rheological and functional characteristics of starch and flour on different drying methods from Beneng Taro as sustainability products from agricultural in Banten
Authors: Jufrinaldi  , Sitanggang Azis Boing , Purwani Endang Yuli , Budijanto Slamet 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Beneng Taro is a type of taro found in Banten agricultural but has not been appropriately utilized. The drying process is critical since temperature changes will result in various properties. This research aimed to evaluate the rheology and functional characteristics of starch and flour made from Beneng Taro dried in the sunlight and hot air as sustainability products of it. This research contains the extraction of starch, the production of flour, and characterizing the starch and flour produced. The rheological characteristics of the flour and starch from the can be model using the Herschel-Bulkley. Starch and flour showed non-Newtonian shear-thinning flow characteristics, according to the flow behavior index. The difference in the consistency index value of flour is significant, where flour dried with sunlight shows a higher value. Both starch and flour show a sharp decrease in viscosity at low shear rates. The value of the starch and flour’s swelling power shown that cabinet drying was superior to drying outdoors in the sun. The solubility index undergoes the same phenomenon. In contrast to water and oil holding capacity, sun drying shows a higher value. Knowing the characteristics of the starch and flour produced can be applied as a food source.
Calcium oxalate levels, glucomannan levels, and antioxidative activities of different sized Amorphophallus oncophyllus particles and the maceration of Strobilanthes crispus
Authors: Aprilia V , Kusumawardani N , Fauzi R , Estiningsih D , Kusumawati D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) is a type of tuber widely planted in Indonesia. It has a high glucomannan content, but its use is limited due to high calcium oxalate content. However, it has previously been shown that the maceration of porang with the ethanolic extract of Strobilanthes crispus (SC) can serve to reduce its calcium oxalate content. This study sought to determine the impact of sieving in combination with ethanolic extract of SC maceration on the calcium oxalate levels, glucomannan levels, and antioxidant activities of different sized particles of porang. The calcium oxalate levels were analyzed by the atomic absorption method, whereas the glucomannan levels were determined based on the yield of glucomannan derived from the ethanolic extraction process. The porang particles were then analyzed to assess their antioxidant activities using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). The particles were grouped into six in different particle size and maceration: AX, AY, AN, BY, and BN. The results revealed that porang with a particle size of <40 mesh that was macerated with SC exhibited lower calcium oxalate levels and higher glucomannan levels than porang with a particle size of >40 mesh. The antioxidant activity of the porang decreased after maceration with the ethanolic extract of SC.
Physicochemical and organoleptic characterization of dried tapioca noodles with sorghum-moringa substitution
Authors: Hamidah R S , Sadek N F , Murwani I A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sorghum and moringa leaf are rich in macro- and micronutrients and bioactive components, known to have health-functional benefits. This research aimed to characterize tapioca noodles’ physicochemical and sensory acceptance after sorghum and moringa substitution. In this study, four noodle formulations were made based on the basic mixture composition, namely the ratio of tapioca flour and sorghum flour, each of 80:20 (S2T8); 70:30 (S3T7), 60:40 (S4T6), and 50:50 (S5T5). Five percent of moringa leaf flour was added to the formulation. The dried noodles were then analyzed for their physical characteristics (texture and color), cooking quality (water absorption, volume increase, and cooking loss), and sensory acceptance using a hedonic test. Increased sorghum proportion resulted in increased yellowness and cooking loss and decreased elongation, hardness, and overall acceptance of the product. The de Garmo effectiveness index calculation found that 20% sorghum substitution with 5% moringa leaf powder (S2T8) showed the best performance of dried tapioca noodles.
Effect of various packaging on the quality of Gayo arabica coffee processed using full-washed method
Authors: Sinaga H , Karo-Karo T , Nurminah M , Hilman A , Sitanggang A E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Gayo Arabica coffee is known as one of the best quality coffees in the world. This study examined physical and chemical properties of Gayo Arabica coffee which was processed using the full-washed method after being stored for 4 months in several types of packaging (Grain Pro, Aluminum Foil, Plastic sack, Cloth sack, and Ramie sack). The parameters analyzed were moisture content, ash content, lipid content, protein content, caffeine content, total phenol, pH along with color and specific volume. After being stored for 4 months at room temperature, different type of packaging gave a significant effect on moisture, ash, lipid, protein, caffeine, total phenol and pH of the coffee. In addition, various packaging carried out in this experiment did not change the color and specific volume of the bean. Coffee plantations in Indonesia are very wide, so that the plants will certainly have a positive impact on the surrounding environment and support biodiversity. Further research is continued by extending stored period of the green bean and knowing the impact of packaging on the coffee quality.
Color stability of anthocyanin extract from wastewater of purple sweet potato starch processing
Authors: Julianti E , Ridwansyah  , Yusraini E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The wastewater from PSP starch extraction was then filtered, concentrated in a rotary evaporator at 55°C, and investigated to evaluate its stability which was influenced by pH, light, storage temperature, heat, sugar, and salt concentrations. The results showed that the highest anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity and color stability were found in wastewater extracted from starch using water as an insulating agent for starch. The color of PSP starch wastewater using water as starch isolation agent has good stability for 15 days of storage at dark room temperature, and is stable at pH 3.0 – 9.0, heated at 100°C for 15 minutes, and in a solution of 10-50% and 10-30 % each concentration of sugar and salt.
Feasibility of utilization of eucalyptus leaves (Eucalyptus spp) from logging waste in industrial plantation forests to produce essential oils
Authors: Purwoko A , Azhar I , Damanik S E , Taufik W B N E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Eucalyptus is a type of industrial plantation forest (HTI) tree that has high economic value. Almost all parts of eucalyptus can be used. In addition, wood can be used as raw material for pulp, leaves and twigs containing cineol can be used as raw material for essential oils. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of using eucalyptus leaves from a financial perspective for essential oil production in the plantation forest area of PT. Toba Pulp Lestari Tbk. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis, financial analysis with two selling price scenarios, namely the high target scenario and the low target scenario with the criteria of Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The results showed that the use of eucalyptus leaves as a raw material for essential oils from logging waste in plantation forest areas is financially feasible. With details of the high target scenario, it produces an NPV value of IDR 134,903,510,450 (USD 8,895,714.5), an IRR value of 33.01% and a BCR value of 3.76. The NPV value for the low target scenario is IDR 84,029,947,498 (USD 5,541,045), the IRR value is 21.90% and the BCR value is 2.72.
Use of Yellow Sticky Trap (YST) and coffee experts (pakar kopi) reduces coffee pest attacks in Perteguhan Hamlet, Telagah Villages, Langkat District, North Sumatra
Authors: Siregar A Z , Tulus  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Telagah is one of the village located in Sei Binge Subdistrict, Langkat District, North Sumatra Province with coordinate 03 18 43.26” North and latitude 98 23 47.70” East Longitude. The area of Telagah village reaches 53.38 km with a height of the place reaches 823.7m above sea level. The beauty of nature with cool air through the seasons is a magnet for nature and adventures visitors because this is the ‘home’ to see how the ecosystem is extraordinary. The tour starts from a phenomenal matchmaking view, Adem Peak in Perteguhan Hamlet with coffee plantations of farmers in the middle of a wild forest so exotic, stunning and challenging. Otherwise, use of Yellow Sticky Trap (YST) catches 6 pests, such as: Hypothenemus hampeii, Xylosandrus compactus, Coccus viridis, Pseudococcus citri, Zeuzera coffeae and Sanurus indecora, while used by ethanol and methanol attractant showed variances of trapped pests. The Coffee Expert (Pakar Kopi) recorded 6 pests, 5 diseases and 28 symptoms for detecting pests and diseases in agricultural and plantation crop commodities are very helpful for human work and farmers in the future.
Mapping spatial patterns in Tinondo Swamp, East Kolaka Regency to increase land productivity
Authors: Syaf H , Saili T , Taridala S , Yasin A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The development of land use activities in the Tinondo Swamp promotes the acceleration of spatial planning to ensure sustainability. This research aimed to evaluate land use in Tinondo Swamp and to provide alternative areas in the spatial plan of the east Kolaka regency. Primary and secondary data were collected using survey methods. The research used qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze the deepening and scanning of autopilot aircraft, the environmental carrying capacity, linkages and existence of linkages with the community, the needs of facilities and infrastructure, and spatial analysis. The results showed that the survey area of the Tinondo Swamp was 5,699.41 hectares, consisting of 11 land-use types. There are swamps with an area of 1,999.34 hectares (35.08%), settlements of 133.41 hectares (2.34%), the company’s Base Camp of 0.94 acres, the forest of 104.65 hectares (1.84%), swamp forests of 178.02 hectares (3.12%), roads of 26.22 hectares (0.46%), canals of 51.59 hectares (0.91%), mixed gardens of 489.88 hectares (8.60%), oil palm plantations of 1,178,298 hectares (20.67%), rice fields of 1,536,096 hectares (26.95%), and open land of 0.96 hectares. Furthermore, the total survey area that is available and planned for was 1,999.34 hectares.
Diversity, distribution and conservation status of the world’s smallest fish, Paedocypris progenetica
Authors: Hussin N J , Azmir I A , Esa Y , Ahmad A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Paedocypris progenetica, the smallest fish in the world and recorded as Near Threatened by the IUCN Red List due to a large population declined. This condition caused survival threats on the population of Paedocypris. Thus, the objective of this study is to examine the species of Paedocypris in the selected peat swamp area based on their diversity, distribution, and conservation status. A total of 66 individuals were collected from February 2019 to September 2021 from three out of four selected sampling area, comprising of two species namely Paedocypris progenetica (TL: 6.63-12.50 mm) and Paedocypris mircromegethes (TL: 8.89-10.60 mm). The results displayed that P. progenetica was found at two sampling locations and dsitinguished the greater in local distribution (LD) which is 50% followed by P. micromgethes (25%) represented the lowest distribution. Moreover, parameter measurements (in situ) of water quality in the blackwater peat swamp revealed temperatures ranging from 23°C to 25.3°C while pH between 4.0-6.9. The population trend for Paedocypris genus is declining due to continuing loss and degradation of blackwater peat swamp habitat which is considered to be the greatest threat.
Growth of seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii co-cultivated with Sargassum plagiophyllum using the long line method
Authors: Setiawan F , Aslan L O M , Iba W , Yusnaini  , Ruslaini  , Balubi M , Hafid Harapin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The use of smaller seed weights < 20g has never been done for cultivating S. plagiophyllum. The study of cultivation of both species S. plagiophyllum (SP) and K. alvarezii (KA) simultaneously had never been done previously. This research was conducted in Bungin Permai coastal waters, South Konawe regency. This research aim was to examine the most suitable wet initial weight for better growth (10,15, 20g) on the growth of both species’ seaweed. The collecting data were analyzed by factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Yields were observed every 9,18,27,36,45 days of the growth period. The results showed that S. plagiophyllum had significantly higher different DGR than those of K. alvarezii (P<0.05) during cultivation period. No interaction between species and wet initial weight was found (P>0.05). In addition, the species of seeds influence the DGR. Seed of SP had higher DGR than KA, but the initial wet weight of the seeds only influences at the initial cultivation period (9th day). Broken thallus was found in the 10,15,20g seeds. The percentage of thallus damage in SP tends to be higher than KA. DGR at 10g seed weight of both species was significantly higher than other seed weights (15g and 20g; P<0.05).
Seasonal grass production and carrying capacity of buffalo grazing area in Paminggir, South Kalimantan
Authors: Sumantri I , Widi T S M , Prastowo S , Hanafi  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The population and performance of Kalimantan swamp buffalo are declining. Diminishing grazing area and pasture biomass availability, especially in the rainy season, contribute to inadequate buffalo feed consumption. This study was conducted to investigate the seasonal productivity of palatable native grasses and to estimate the carrying capacity of the swamp grazing area. One year of observation indicated that kumpai banta and sumpilang had higher dry matter production in the deep-water season, whereas kumpai minyak was in the shallow-water season, and padi hiyang had similar production in both seasons. Dry matter production in the deep-water season was higher than in the shallow-water season (1.29 vs 1.15 ton DM/ha/month) as well as for the carrying capacity of swamp grazing area (0.044 vs 0.029 AU/year). It is concluded that the swamp grazing area in the Paminggir sub-district could not carry the existing buffalo population.
The biology and preying abilities of ladybird beetle (Coccinella transversalis Fabricius) on Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Sidauruk L , Panjaitan E , Sipayung P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The use of predators in biological control has been widely known to reduce pest populations. The research aim is to determine the biology and preying abilities ladybird beetle, a species of family Coccinellidae named Coccinella transversalis Fabricius which can be used to mass rearing on laboratory for augmentation and conservation purpose. This study directed at research facility at Methodist University of Indonesia with descriptive methods. Samples collecting from horticultural cultivation at Karo District, then kept in maintenance jar with substitute food and real food Myzuz persicae as standard mass rearing technique for the coccinellid. The results showed that egg incubation was 3.2±0.76 days. There are four instars of larval with lifetime 2.67±0.20 days, 2.87±0.26 days, 2.91±0.53 and 3.42±0.75 days respectively. Prepupae was 1.62±0.56 days and pupae was 3.11±0.81 days. Life period of female was 35.05±3.80 days and male 25.75±3.14 days. The female potential produce egg was 118.4±20.14 eggs and percentage of egg hatching 85.0±6.37%. The survival rate from larvae to imago was 48.8±5.84%, which means half of the larvae succeeded becoming an imago. Preying abilities for aphid at larva instar I until instar IV, female and male were 24.55±3.28, 44.55±6.63, 89.90±13.41, 174.50±27.7, 973.67±29.21 and 786.31±14.77 aphids respectively.
Identification of adulterated rice bran with rice husks by using the image analytics
Authors: Albarki H R , Agustin A F , Permana A T , Jayanegara A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Rice bran is often adulterated with milled rice husks which can lead to losses and decreased production of livestock. Testing of rice bran adulteration is still carried out manually which is quite subjective, and thus it is necessary to test using the image analysis method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) through a visual image analysis process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of training, validation, and test data on rice bran adulteration with rich husks using the CNN-based image analysis. This study employed staining treatment using phloroglucinol. The stages of this research consisted of the process of mixing forgery, colouring treatment, taking pictures, sharing data, and building the CNN model. This study found that the results of the accuracy of training data, validation data, and test data with phloroglucinol staining treatment had accuracy that was still far from 100% accuracy. This result is due to the epoch value, quantity of datasets, and the different viewing angles when capturing an image.
Effectiveness equilibration time on the quality of sperm buffalo in diluent tris yolk eggs with 4 % extract skin mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)
Authors: Yendraliza  , Nurcholish F , Handoko J , Sianturi R S G , Kusumaningrum D A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A comfortable livestock environment will produce good sperm productivity. Sperm dilution is done so that rural communities can feel the benefits. This study aims to determine the best equilibration time to produce high motility, intact plasma membrane values with low abnormality values in buffalo spermatozoa. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and ten replications. Sperm came from three buffalo kept at the Ciawi Balitnak. The research treatment consisted of equilibration times of two, three, four and five hours. The parameters measured were sperm motility, abnormality, and intact plasma membrane (IPM). Equilibrium time does not affect buffalo sperm motility, abnormalities, and IPM. The range of motility, abnormalities, and IPM was 43.75%-55.00%; 20.25%-29.00%; 71.75%-74.75%. Conclusion; An equilibration time of two hours can maintain motility, abnormality, the intact plasma membrane of buffalo sperm with egg yolk tris diluent, and the addition of 4% mangosteen peel extract which was suitable for artificial insemination. The application can improve the standard of living of the community through increased meat production.
Preliminary study on local Indonesian sheep MC4R gene as a prospective marker for sustainable high production trait
Authors: Adani F , Maharani D , L Sari A P Z N , Ibrahim A , Panjono  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A prospective genetic marker to archive for sustainable growth traits of local Indonesian sheep is the Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) gene, which arrange feeding behavior. This study were examined the MC4R gene of Indonesian sheep for polymorphism and restriction enzyme for PCR-RFLP within the partial coding sequence (CDS) and 3’UTR regions. A 642 bp of PCR product was amplified from sixteen blood samples (Sakub: 2, Wonosobo: 3, Sapudi: 3, Garut:3, and Garut-Dorper cross: 2). Sequence alignments between the samples and GenBank (NC_056076) discovered five SNPs (CDS: SNPs 1039A>G and 1068G>C, 3’UTR region: SNPs 1403G>A, 1511C>A and 1526G>C). The SNP 1039A>G was categorized as a missense mutation (Met to Val). However, SNP 1068G>C was a silent mutation (Ala to Ala). The restriction enzyme analysis showed that SNPs 1039A>G and 1403G>A were recognized by BssSI and SfaNI. SNPs 1068G>C, 1511C>A and 1526G>C were not recognized by the enzyme. In conclusion, the MC4R gene of Indonesian has five SNPs discovered, among other two SNPs in CDS and three SNPs in 3’UTR region. BssSI and SfaNI enzymes are eligible for further genotyping of sheep samples using the PCR-RFLP method.