bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USING A SOCIOCULTURAL LENS TO EVALUATE CANCER SURVIVORSHIP IN BLACKS AND LATINX IN THE US
Authors: Nwakasi Candidus , Esiaka Darlingtina , Pierre-Louis Saamantha , Ekwebene Onyeka 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
A sociocultural lens such as the PEN-3 Cultural Model offers an opportunity to better understand the extreme psychosocial, physical, emotional, and financial challenges of Black and Latinx cancer survivors in the community experience. By focusing on cultural identity, relationships and expectations, and cultural empowerment, the PEN-3 Cultural Model applied in this study aims to offer a unique insight into cancer survivorship in the Black and Latinx communities in the U.S. Method. A qualitative descriptive approach was used on a purposive sample of 46 Black and Latinx participants recruited. Each of the 19 participants who are cancer survivors including 7 Blacks and 13 Latinx (Mage = 62 years), was interviewed using a semi-structured interviewing style. We also conducted 5 focus group discussions with 27 participants, 2 Latinx groups and 3 Black groups (Mage = 61 years). The focus group participants identified as caregivers of cancer survivors.

Results
Thematic analysis resulted in the following themes: culture and dealing with cancer, conflict and control, health care access barriers, and rethinking survivorship in the community. The themes offer insight into sociocultural factors that influence the quality of life of cancer survivors and those in their communities.

Conclusion
To better understand and address issues of cancer health inequity in the country, the findings of this study will offer an opportunity to advance knowledge on sociocultural factors influencing cancer survivorship in Black and Latinx communities.
THE THINGS WE KEEP: AN EXAMINATION INTO THE USE OF MATERIAL POSSESSIONS IN QUALITATIVE GERONTOLOGICAL INTERVIEWS
Authors: Van Vleet Samuel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Qualitative interviews are a useful research method because they allow researchers to gather in-depth data beyond the use of traditional survey methods. In this way, qualitative research is an effective method to understand complex and intricate aging-related concepts because there is room for developing new methodological ways for gathering data. A possible way to expand data collections is through the incorporation of material possessions as research aids. Older adults likely accumulate a series of material objects throughout their life course. These objects can take on a supportive role for older adults by conveying important aspects of meaning and are often attached to their identity. Some items have direct associations with later life changes (canes, glasses, etc) while other items (photographs and mementos) are linked with an individual’s identity and accrue a sense of meaning. While previous researchers have documented the importance of objects in later life through material convoys, little has been done to incorporate these meaningful objects into qualitative interview methodology. This paper assesses how incorporations of material possessions into qualitative interviews can assist researchers in gathering rich data. Through a structured literature review, this paper highlights the key findings, past incorporations, and benefits for qualitative interview methodology. Findings suggest that positive outcomes and enriched data result from incorporating material possessions as aides to qualitative interviews. Future researchers should consider how their studies can benefit from the incorporation of meaningful objects in later life.
UNDERLYING CAUSES OF DEMENTIA-RELATED ANXIETY AMONG COGNITIVELY-HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Maxfield Molly , Peckham Allie , James Dara 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) are prevalent, without cures, and contribute to declining functional independence. Their widespread effects make managing ADRD financially, socially, and psychologically difficult, and present challenges for the diagnosed individual as well as their family, friends, and caregivers. These features represent at least some of the reasons ADRDs are feared diagnoses. Dementia-related anxiety (DRA) is anxiety about a current or potential ADRD diagnosis. In a mixed methods study designed to identify causes of DRA, we used semi-structured interviews to assess participants’ thoughts, feelings, and reactions regarding ADRD. Participants included 50 cognitively healthy adults aged 58 to 89 (M = 70.80, SD = 6.02; 64% female). Interviews were analyzed using an inductive iterative thematic approach. All transcripts were coded by two researchers. Relying on this iterative process, we adopted and revised themes as more responses and codes were reviewed. The thematic analysis revealed participants described how the progression of symptoms would destabilize their independence, thereby undermining their identity and relationships in ways that were anxiety provoking. Participants also noted various coping strategies that help manage DRA: making care plans for the future, engaging in healthy, feeling supported by family and friends, and accepting that disappointments, including ADRD diagnoses, are simply a part of life. Results offer insight into factors that contribute to and help reduce DRA, which can be used to inform public health messaging and develop applicable and clinically relevant interventions to meet the needs of individuals experiencing DRA.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN WALKING SPEED AND GUT MICROBIOME DIVERSITY IN OLDER MEN FROM THE MROS STUDY
Authors: Farsijani Samaneh , Cauley Jane , Cawthon Peggy , Langsetmo Lisa , Orwoll Eric , Newman Anne , Kado Deborah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
While gut dysbiosis has been linked to frailty in aging, its association with early mobility impairments is unclear. Here, our primary goal was to determine the cross-sectional associations between walking speed and gut microbiome in 740 older men (84±4y) from MrOS with available stool samples and 400m walking speed measured in 2014–16. We also analyzed the retrospective longitudinal associations between changes in 6-meter walking speed (from 2005-06 to 2014-16) and gut microbiome composition among participants with available data (702/740). The gut microbiome composition was determined by 16S sequencing (DADA2 and SILVA). We examined diversity, taxa abundance (by ANCOM-BC), and performed network analysis (by NetCoMi) to uncover microbial communities interactions by walking speed levels. Higher walking speed (m/s) was associated with greater microbiome Shannon α-diversity (R=0.11; P=0.004). Decline in walking speed was associated with lower Shannon α-diversity (R=0.07; P=0.054). Faster walking speed and less decline in walking speed were associated with higher abundance of genus-level bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids, and possess anti-inflammatory properties, including Paraprevotella, Fusicatenibacter, and Alistipes, adjusting for age, race, site, education, health, marital status, weight, height, physical activity, batch, medications, energy, and fiber intake (P&lt; 0.05). The gut microbiome networks of participants in the first vs. last quartile of walking speed (≤0.9 vs. ≥1.2 m/s) exhibited distinct characteristics, including different cluster numbers, hubs, and centrality measures (P&lt; 0.05). Faster walking speed and its less decline were associated with higher gut microbiome diversity, suggesting potential role of microbiome in preserving mobility in aging.
TRANSCRIPTOMIC SIGNATURES FOR AGING AND EXTREME OLD AGE IDENTIFIED IN THE LONG LIFE FAMILY STUDY
Authors: Li Mengze , Monti Stefano , Sebastiani Paola , Song Zeyuan , Karagiannis Tanya , Perls Thomas , Brent Michael 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Transcriptional studies of blood have previously identified changes in gene expression profiles associated with age. Centenarians, a rare population of individuals that reach 100 years of age, experience delays in aging-related diseases and mortality. Thus, the analysis of their blood transcriptome may help shed light on mechanisms contributing to healthy aging and extreme longevity, as well as enable the discovery of candidate molecular therapeutic targets. In this project, we analyzed RNAseq-based blood transcriptomic data and genetic data from 1,286 participants in the Long Life Family Study age ranged from 25 to 108. To identify transcripts with different abundances at different ages, we used linear mixed-effect models and included relevant covariates to control for genetic, socioeconomic, and technical confounders. We also estimated a genetic relationship matrix (GRM) from the genotype data to account for familial relatedness. We used the same models and covariates to compare transcripts’ abundance between the extreme old and younger participants to discover markers of extreme old age. Among the 11k RNA transcripts tested, we identified 5,249 aging markers (FDR ≤ 0.01) and 761 extreme old age markers (FDR ≤ 0.01). We successfully replicated our aging signature with previously published aging signature in another cohort with comparable Z-scores. Currently, further investigation is ongoing to distinguish markers that contribute to extreme longevity from markers that represent extreme old age. This study found large signatures of age and extreme old age and will serve as a valuable reference for future research to identify molecular mechanisms of healthy aging.
THE ROLE OF MISSINGNESS IN DAILY DIARY DATA
Authors: Yildiz Mustafa , Winstead Vicki , Pickering Carolyn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objections are often raised to using intensive daily diary research methods with family caregivers of persons with dementia. These objections include the daily lack of time, stress associated with dementia caregiving, in particular, and depression and anxiety associated with the demands of the caregiving process. It is argued that these factors may deter caregivers from consistent compliance and lead to bias in the data. The aim of this paper is to describe and predict missingness in daily diaries using the data from three micro-longitudinal studies that include 10,680 days of diaries across all three studies. Key indicators and demographic variables were used to predict missing days, which was quantified from compliance data using a latent variable within the framework of a multiple indicators-multiple causes model. Missingness was random and not predicted by demographics or key outcome variables (e.g. stress, depression, race, ethnicity). Findings suggest despite the time demands and stressors of caregiving, caregivers do complete diaries without systematic patterns of missingness. Researchers should not be deterred from doing intensive daily diary protocols with caregivers experiencing psychopathology who may benefit the most from real-time assessment of symptoms.
A LIVE ONLINE EXERCISE INTERVENTION FOR OLDER ADULTS: A MIXED METHODS RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Coletta Giulia , Noguchi Kenneth , Beaudoin Kayla , McQuarrie Angelica , Griffin Meridith , Tang Ada , Phillips Stuart 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Regular physical activity (PA) and exercise alleviate mental health and age-related physical declines in older adults; however, strategies are needed to help older adults engage in PA and exercise. Live online video may be a viable mode of delivery for exercise programs. Thirty-one sedentary community-dwelling older adults (65-80 years) were randomized to an 8-week live online exercise program (ACTIVE, n=16; age 70±4 years; 69% women) or waitlist control (CON, n=15; age 72±5 years; 87% women) group. Quantitative effectiveness data were collected pre-and post-intervention and included accelerometry-derived PA levels and mental health (depression, anxiety, and loneliness). Feasibility outcomes included attendance and participant satisfaction. Semi-structured interviews were optional for all participants after completing the online exercise program (n=22; ACTIVE=12; CON=10; 73% women). The ACTIVE group attended 97% of the online classes, and 98% reported satisfaction with the program. Post-intervention, there were no differences between groups on daily steps (ACTIVE=4336 ± 2638 steps/d; CON=3125 ± 1250 steps/d), daily activity energy expenditure (ACTIVE=227 ± 249 kcal/d; CON=119 ± 166 kcal/d), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (ACTIVE=42 ± 44 min/d; CON=23 ± 30 min/d). An effect of the intervention was observed in the ACTIVE group for symptoms of depression (3.9±2.4 to 2.0±1.7; p=0.015). There was no intervention effect compared to CON on anxiety or loneliness. Common themes identified from qualitative interviews included satisfaction with the program and perceived health improvements. A live online exercise program was a feasible approach to delivering physical activity to older adults.
IMPLEMENTATION OF A DIGITAL COGNITIVE SCREENING PROGRAM FOR DEMENTIA IN PRIMARY CARE
Authors: Fowler Nicole , Mullavey Judy , Swartzell Kristen , Hammers Dustin , Brosch Jared , Murray James , Willis Deanna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Early identification of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) has become paramount given the emergence of disease modifying therapies. Integration of rapid, scalable tools to identify early cognitive impairment in primary care is essential because most at-risk individuals have limited access to specialty care. Yet, competing demands on primary care practices can make integration challenging. This demonstration project is being conducted to understand the feasibility, acceptability, and implementation of digital cognitive screening in primary care. Patients ≥65 years presenting to one of six primary care sites between 06/01/2022 and 06/30/2023 are asked to complete the Linus Health Digital Clock and Recall (DCR™) cognitive screening. Data regarding number of screening attempts that were refused, incomplete, or completed was collected. Results of the first completed screening-results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. As of 2/15/23, there are 3,920 screening attempts. DCR™ screenings were completed 40.8% of the time, refused 57.4%, and attempted but incomplete 1.8%. Thirteen-percent of attempts were positive for cognitive impairment, 37% were borderline, 44% were unimpaired, and 6% were unanalyzable. Average patient age is 73.2±6.0 years, 58% female, and 6% report less than high school education. Patients with positive screenings are older, slightly more female, and reported less education. Cognitive screening via DCR™ is ongoing and has been completed in nearly half of those approached, with half scoring cognitively impaired or borderline. This approach appears to have utility in early detection of cognitive impairment in primary care. By November 2023 we will have follow-up data for patients who screened positive.
LONELINESS IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN PUERTO RICO DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: AN UNDEREXAMINED PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN
Authors: Camacho David , Morgan Matthew , Burnette Denise 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Loneliness is a critical public health problem, yet it is under-examined among older adults in Puerto Rico. We explored sociodemographic and health-related risks for loneliness using data from a Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices COVID-19 study of Older Adults in Puerto Rico study. We conducted telephone and face-to-face interviews (January - December 2021) with a nonprobability sample of adults aged 60+ in Puerto Rico (n= 213). Data collection included measures of objective and subjective physical and mental health. We used generalized linear regression analyses to explore main effects of salient demographic and health factors on loneliness. Missing data were treated with Multiple Imputation. Prevalence of loneliness (3-item TILS) was 36.3% . Widowhood (β=.832, SE=.38, p=.029), low household income (&lt;$12,500; β=.691, SE=.23, p=.003), psychological distress (β=.141, SE=.03, p&lt;.001) were positively associated with greater loneliness. Living alone (β=-.664, SE=.27, p=.015) and higher sense of community (β=-.067, SE=.01, p&lt;.001) were negatively associated with loneliness. Pandemic specific challenges (e.g., someone close diagnosed or hospitalized with COVID-19) and other common predictors (e.g., age, female, self-rated health) were not significant. We consider that contextual (e.g., outmigration, under-resourced aging and healthcare infrastructure) and cultural factors (e.g., familism) may help shape predictors and their effects on loneliness. Mainland US and Puerto Rican researchers and practitioners should collaborate on examining loneliness narratives, their impact on health, and implementation of culturally appropriate and contextually feasible interventions in Puerto Rico.
SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT IN OLDER PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV
Authors: De Main Atami , Glesby Marshall , Johnston Carrie , Brennan-Ing Mark , Siegler Eugenia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
More than 50% of people with HIV (PWH) are at least 50 years old. PWH experience a high prevalence of multiple chronic conditions and fragile social structures. Although social engagement may be protective against detrimental physical, cognitive, and mental health outcomes, there is limited evidence on older PWH’s social engagement and associated factors in engaging with family, friends, and community. This study sought to examine social engagement in a population of older PWH, using the 13-item Frequency of Leisure Activities Scale from the Research on Older Adults with HIV (ROAH 2.0) study at the Weill Cornell Campus in New York City. We conducted factor and regression analyses to characterize social engagement activities and examine their relationships with AIDS diagnosis, social vulnerability index (SVI), financial strain, loneliness, HIV-related stigma, and depressive symptoms, controlling for demographic factors. PWH (n=349, age range=50-84) were less engaged in social (Mean=1.31; SD=0.71) and cultural-physical (e.g. attending cultural events) (Mean=1.55; SD=0.78) than media-based activities (Mean=3.09; SD=0.72), with Omega reliability estimated at 0.716, 0.651, and 0.620 respectively. Having AIDS, experiencing increased HIV-related stigma, loneliness, and depressive symptoms were associated with low social activity engagement (F(6, 316) = 9.87, p &lt; .001). High SVI score and financial strain were negatively associated with engagement in cultural-physical activities (F(5, 317) = 2.61, p &lt; .001). Increased depressive symptoms were negatively associated with engagement in media-based activities (F(4, 318) = 5.88, p &lt; .001). The findings provide foundations for future research to improve our understanding of social engagement in older PWH.
THE CONFIDENCE FINANCIAL WELL-BEING INTERVENTION FOR LATINO FAMILY CAREGIVERS: PILOT STUDY RESULTS
Authors: Meyer Kylie , Mage Susanna , Benton Donna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Family caregivers to people living with dementia encounter an average of $10,697 per year in out-of-pocket caregiving costs that exert long-term material and psychological consequences. Latino caregivers encounter higher out-of-pocket caregiving costs relative to their income than non-Latino caregivers. There is an unmet need for programs to alleviate financial hardship among caregivers, particularly those culturally tailored to Latino caregivers. The Confidently Navigating Financial Decisions and Enhancing Financial Wellbeing in Dementia Caregiving (CONFIDENCE) program draws on successful intervention approaches identified within nursing and gerontological research to manage out-of-pocket caregiving costs and prevent financial hardship among caregivers to persons living with dementia. Between May 2022 and February 2023, CONFIDENCE was delivered to six cohorts of Latino caregivers at an academic-service center. This symposium will discuss preliminary pilot study results. Donna Benton, PhD, will describe how the intervention was developed with a community advisory council to ensure a culturally-tailored program. Kylie Meyer, PhD, will share the preliminary efficacy of the intervention based on interim analyses of outcomes, including caregiver resourcefulness and financial strain. Alexander Gonzales, BSG, will describe challenges related to recruitment and retention, and considers registration and fidelity data to understand possible causes of low attendance. Lastly, Susanna Mage, PhD(c), MA, will present the findings from the preliminary evaluation of the program to examine the acceptability, including participant satisfaction surveys and one-on-one interviews. Initial success of the pilot phase suggests opportunities for future efficacy testing. If efficacious, CONFIDENCE could help alleviate financial hardship experienced by family caregivers to persons living with dementia.
WE BUILT IT, BUT THEY DIDN’T COME: CHALLENGES WITH RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION IN THE CONFIDENCE PILOT STUDY
Authors: Gonzalez Alexander , Rhodes Shane , Benton Donna , Meyer Kylie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This presentation considers reasons for low attendance in a psychoeducational intervention developed to reduce financial strain and manage out-of-pocket caregiving costs. From May 2022 until February 2023, the CONFIDENCE Financial Education Intervention was delivered to six cohorts of family caregivers to persons living with dementia. Delivery of the 5-week, group-based Zoom intervention occurred at an academic service center in Los Angeles, CA that regularly provides caregiver education. Whereas the program team anticipated 192 caregivers to attend over 10 months, 72 caregivers registered in this time, among whom just 38 attended at least one session. The average number of sessions attended was 3.0 (SD=1.5) of five. To understand possible reasons for low participation, the investigators conducted bivariate comparisons of the demographic characteristics of attendees versus non-attendees from registration forms and reviewed fidelity reports. Fidelity reports were completed using a standard form using Likert-scale responses ranging from 0 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree). Forms were completed by facilitators after delivering sessions and by an independent observer who reviewed a lesson recording. Evaluation of registration forms showed no statistically significant difference among caregivers who attended at least one session versus those who did not attend according to caregiver age, ethnicity, race, or income. Further, fidelity reports revealed high overall quality of delivery (M=4.0, SD=0.86) and that caregivers were, on average, engaged across lessons (M=4.0, SD=0.4). Based on initial findings and facilitator input, the study team is considering additional reasons for non-participation by surveying those who did not attend after registering.