bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biologic significance of surface microroughing in bone incorporation of porous bioactive glass implants
Authors: Itälä Ari , Koort Jyri , Ylänen Heimo O. , Hupa Mikko , Aro Hannu T. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA novel chemical etching method was recently developed to create a controlled microrough surface on porous bioactive glass implants. Our earlier in vitro studies showed enhanced attachment of osteoblast‐like MG63 cells on a microrough bioactive glass surface. The purpose of our current study was to confirm the in vivo significance of surface microroughening for bone bonding of bioactive glass. Porous bioactive glass cones made of sintered microspheres were surgically implanted in the anterior cortex of rabbit femurs. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), biomechanical push‐out testing, histomorphometry, and electron microscopy (BEI‐SEM) were used to analyze bone ingrowth and osseointegration at 7, 10, 14, 28, 56, and 84 days after implantation. The results showed that microroughening of the bioactive glass surface significantly enhanced the bone‐bonding response of the biomaterial. The positive response was seen in one of the three bioactive glass compositions studied. The affinity index of new bone on the glass surface was significantly (p = 0.02) increased with a trend (p = 0.10) toward improved mechanical incorporation. New bone formation was dependent on the glass composition, and it was found to occur not only through the mechanism of bone ingrowth but also based on in situ osteogenesis within implant interstices. Based on these results, the procedure of microroughening could enhance the osteopromotive properties of certain bioactive glass compositions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 67A: 496–503, 2003
A covering construction for packing disjoint copies of the Hoffman‐Singleton graph into K50
Authors: Ŝiagiová Jana , Meszka Mariusz 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIn this note we show how coverings induced by voltage assignments can be used to produce packings of disjoint copies of the Hoffman‐Singleton graph into K50. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 11: 408–412, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10049
Incomplete group divisible designs with block size four
Authors: Wang J. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe object of this paper is the construction of incomplete group divisible designs (IGDDs) with block size four, group‐type (g, h)u and index unity. It is shown that the necessary conditions for the existence of such an IGDD are also sufficient with three exceptions and six possible exceptions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 11: 442–455, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10055
Resolvable even‐cycle systems with a 1‐rotational automorphism
Authors: Mishima Miwako , Fu Hung‐Lin 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIn this article, necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a 1‐rotationally resolvable even‐cycle system of λKvare given, which are eventually for the existence of a resolvable even‐cycle system of λKv. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 11: 394–407, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10058
Covering arrays with mixed alphabet sizes
Authors: Moura Lucia , Stardom John , Stevens Brett , Williams Alan 
Published: October 2003

AbstractCovering arrays with mixed alphabet sizes, or simplymixed covering arrays, are natural generalizations of covering arrays that are motivated by applications in software and network testing. A (mixed) covering arrayAof type$\prod _{i=1}^{k}g_i$is ak×Narray with the cells of rowifilled with elements from ℤand having the property that for every two rowsiandjand every ordered pair of elements (e,f) ∈ ℤ × ℤ, there exists at least one columnc, 1 ≤ c ≤ N, such thatAi,c = eandAj,c = f. The (mixed) covering array number, denoted by$ca(\prod _{i=1}^{k}g_i)$, is the minimumNfor which a covering array of type$\prod _{i=1}^{k}g_i$withNcolumns exists. In this paper, several constructions for mixed covering arrays are presented, and the mixed covering array numbers are determined for nearly all cases withk = 4 and for a number of cases withk = 5. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 11: 413–432, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10059
Rotational k‐cycle systems of order v < 3k; another proof of the existence of odd cycle systems
Authors: Buratti Marco 
Published: October 2003

AbstractWe give an explicit solution to the existence problem for 1‐rotational k‐cycle systems of order v < 3k with k odd and v ≠ 2k + 1. We also exhibit a 2‐rotational k‐cycle system of order 2k + 1 for any odd k. Thus, for k odd and any admissible v < 3k there exists a 2‐rotational k‐cycle system of order v. This may also be viewed as an alternative proof that the obvious necessary conditions for the existence of odd cycle systems are also sufficient. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 11: 433–441, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10061
Automatic closed‐caption production system on TV programs for hearing‐impaired people
Authors: Monma Takao , Sawamura Eiji , Fukushima Takahiro , Maruyama Ichiro , Ehara Terumasa , Shirai Katsuhiko 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIncreasing the number of closed‐captioned television programs represents a social responsibility in the sense of providing information. In terms of the system to create closed‐captioned television programs by hand, there is considerable hope that the time involved can be reduced and the burden on workers can be eased. The system the authors report on automates three processes in the creation of closed‐captioned television programs: summarization, synchronization, and closed‐captioned screen creation, yielding from an electronic manuscript closed‐caption data applicable to current closed‐captioned broadcasts. The authors created closed captions for 12 types of news programs and one documentary program, confirming that the process of creating a closed‐captioned television program could be completed in three to six times the program length, excluding the process of creating the electronic manuscript and testing/editing. The authors demonstrate the validity of their system insofar as the time needed to create closed captions using their system was about 70% of the time needed to create closed captions by hand, excluding the process of testing and editing. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(13): 71–82, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10047
Progressive early decision of speech recognition results by comparing most likely word sequences
Authors: Imai Toru , Tanaka Hideki , Ando Akio , Isono Haruo 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe most likely word sequence determined at the end of an utterance constitutes an optimal recognition result in continuous speech recognition for the entire utterance. However, depending on the application, the delay from the utterance to the determination of the recognition result may pose a practical problem, and progressive early decision of recognition results during an utterance becomes necessary. Although in the case of a one‐pass search algorithm, progressive early decision of the recognition result by detecting past sole paths during search is possible, an effective early decision scheme is not available for the case of multiple passes. Thus, a scheme for progressive early decision of recognition results by successively comparing the most likely word sequences during an utterance with the past most likely word sequences is proposed and is applied to a one‐pass decoder and a two‐pass decoder. The proposed scheme attempts to shorten the delays associated with word decisions while limiting the degradation of the recognition rate by controlling the word decision margin and the interval for obtaining the most likely word sequences. In speech recognition experiments of broadcast news, the proposed scheme achieved an average word decision delay equal to that of the past sole path detection method in a one‐pass decoder without significantly degrading the word recognition accuracy, and was able to progressively decide recognition results with an average word decision delay time of about 0.5 second in a two‐pass decoder. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(14): 73–82, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10193
Motion estimation based on eigenvalue algorithm matching local image features
Authors: Kaneko Yutaka , Shishikui Yoshiaki , Tanaka Yutaka 
Published: October 2003

AbstractWe propose a method for motion estimation based on the eigenvalue gradient method with regard for local image features. In the proposed method, motion estimation is first performed by the eigenvalue gradient method, and low‐reliability areas are classified by image features. The estimation accuracy of such areas is improved by using two eigenvalue gradient algorithms. Blocks with multiple motions are processed with robust estimation. On the other hand, blocks with only one gradient are estimated by using a supplementary vector; in particular, the second eigenvector is replaced by the eigenvector of another block from the image area with a common edge. Experimental results show that the proposed method offers improvement of estimation accuracy at a small increase of computational cost. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(14): 63–72, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10292
Use of unlabeled time series data in hidden Markov models
Authors: Inoue Masashi , Ueda Naonori 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIn this paper, the authors propose a method of assigning probabilistic class labels to unlabeled time‐series data that can be collected inexpensively to use together with labeled data as training data in order to improve the performance of hidden Markov models (HMM) as classifiers. Conventional methods of using unlabeled data according to probabilistic class labels were only for static data. They could not deal with time‐series data, which are used with HMMs. Therefore, the authors extended the conventional methods as follows. First, they formed extended tied‐mixture hidden Markov models (ETM‐HMMs) by mixing multiple HMMs that exist independently for each class. Then, they introduced the extended Baum‐Welch (EBW) algorithm as the learning algorithm from time‐series data in which labeled and unlabeled data coexist in the ETM‐HMMs. The authors then assumed a situation in which there existed insufficient labeled training data and used the proposed method to perform classification experiments for Japanese sign language data and voice data. When unlabeled data were added to the labeled training data according to the proposed method, the classification error rate for Japanese sign language signs improved from 38.7% to 30.4%. Also, by making the model more detailed in addition to adding unlabeled data, the classification error rate for phonemes improved from 69.1% to 52.9%. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(13): 1–12, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10537
Visual interface from uncalibrated cameras for uncalibrated displays
Authors: Kato Mayumi , Sato Jun 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA contact‐type interface (such as a mouse or a keyboard) is usually used on personal computers. However, this is not convenient if the operator has to use his or her hands for another operation, or if his or her hands are disabled. To deal with such cases, this paper proposes a visual interface in which the mouse pointer on the computer display is controlled by the movement of the operator's eyes via a camera image. Conventional visual interfaces require tedious calibrations of the camera and system. The proposed visual interface works accurately without any calibration. In the proposed system, the gaze point on the display screen can be reliably calculated from the user's projected image by using projective bases and affine bases and the movement of the user's viewing direction. Control of the mouse pointer by means of the proposed system has been successfully tested. The usefulness of the proposed method has been confirmed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(13): 83–91, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.1221
Dictation of multiparty conversation considering speaker individuality and turn taking
Authors: Murai Noriyuki , Kobayashi Tetsunori 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThis paper discusses an algorithm that recognizes multiparty speech with complex turn taking. In recognition of the conversation of multiple speakers, it is necessary to know not only what is spoken, as in the conventional system, but also who spoke up to what point. The purpose of this paper is to find a method to solve this problem. The representation of the likelihood of turn taking is included in the language model in the continuous speech recognition system, and the speech properties of each speaker are represented by a statistical model. Using this approach, two algorithms are proposed that estimate simultaneously and in parallel the speaker and the speech content. Recognition experiments using conversation in TV sports news show that the proposed method can correct a maximum of 29.5% of the errors in the recognition of speech content and 93.0% of the errors in recognition of the speaker. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(13): 103–111, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.1223
Selective β1‐blockade attenuates post‐infarct remodelling without improvement in myocardial energy metabolism and function in rats with heart failure
Authors: Omerovic E. , Bollano E. , Soussi B. , Waagstein F. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractObjective:To investigate in vivo effects of long‐term selective β1‐blockade on cardiac energy metabolism, remodelling, function and plasma cytokines in a rat model of post‐infarct congestive heart failure (CHF).Methods:Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in male rats by ligation of the left coronary artery. Three different groups of rats were studied, MI rats treated with metoprolol (n=17), MI rats treated with saline (n=14) and sham‐operated rats (n=12). The treatment with metoprolol 1 mg/kg/h was initiated in the third week post‐infarct for a period of 6 weeks. All rats were investigated non‐invasively with volume‐selective 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and echocardiography for evaluation of left ventricular (LV) energy metabolism, morphology and function. Plasma concentration of IL‐1β and IL‐6 and density of β‐adrenergic receptors were analyzed.Results:Metoprolol attenuated the increase in LV dimensions and volumes. Treatment with metoprolol had no effect on PCr/ATP and LV function. Plasma level of IL‐1β was higher and IL‐6 was lower in the metoprolol group. Density of β‐adrenergic receptors was similar in all three groups.Conclusion:Selective β1‐blockade in rats with chronic CHF attenuates post‐infarct structural remodelling, without concomitant improvement in myocardial energy metabolism and function. Improvements in myocardial energy metabolism and function do not precede and are not a prerequisite for an anti‐remodelling effect of β1‐blockade in the setting of chronic CHF.
Effect of genetic potential and level of feeding on milk protein composition
Authors: COULON JEAN-BAPTISTE , DUPONT DIDIER , POCHET SYLVIE , PRADEL PHILIPPE , DUPLOYER HELENE 
Published: October 2003

Two groups of 15 multiparous cows in mid-lactation were used in a Latin square design experiment with 4-week experimental periods. The genetic milk protein concentration level was high in the first group and low in the second. Each group of cows was given in a random order three feeding levels that covered 85, 100 and 115% of energy requirements and 90, 110 and 125% of nitrogen requirements, respectively. In both groups, increasing level of feeding induced a significant increase in milk yield (+2·4 kg/d between lowest and highest levels) and in protein concentration (+1·7 g/kg). The proportion of paracasein in total proteins was not altered by either genetics or nutrition. The proportion of casein in total proteins was slightly increased by 0·5 percentage points (P<0·05) with the intermediate level of feeding. Plasmin and plasminogen activities were not significantly modified by the genetic milk concentration level. Plasmin activity significantly increased with nutrient supplementation, but only in animals of low genetic potential (+21% between low and high levels, P<0·01). Casein composition was not significantly altered by the genetics or level of nutrition. Over the whole range of individual measurements taken (n = 90), the relationships between casein or paracasein and total protein concentrations were linear and very narrow (R2 = 0·92 and 0·95, respectively). The proportion of casein or paracasein in total proteins significantly decreased as plasmin activity increased.
Effect of long-term intake of milk products on blood pressure in hypertensive rats
Authors: SIPOLA MARIKA , FINCKENBERG PIET , KORPELA RIITTA , VAPAATALO HEIKKI , NURMINEN MARJA-LEENA 
Published: October 2003

The effect of long-term intake of two fermented milk products on the development of hypertension was compared in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The products contained tripeptides isoleucine-proline-proline (IPP) and valine-proline-proline (VPP), which have been shown to possess angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Six-week-old SHR were divided into four groups to receive orally ad libitum water, skim milk or two fermented milk products (fermented milk A or fermented milk B; the latter is commercially available in Japan with trade name Calpis®) for 14 weeks. The calculated intake of IPP was 0·4 mg/d and 0·2 mg/d in the groups receiving fermented milk A and B, respectively, whereas the corresponding amounts for VPP were 0·6 mg/d and 0·3 mg/d. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was monitored weekly by tail-cuff method. The development of hypertension was significantly attenuated in both groups receiving fermented milk products, whereas skim milk did not affect blood pressure. The effect was detectable after 6 weeks of treatment. At the end of the experiment, the lowest blood pressure level was found in the group receiving fermented milk A: the SBP was 21 mm Hg lower than in the group receiving water and 10 mm Hg lower than in the group receiving fermented milk B. This difference could be explained by larger intake of ACE inhibitory tripeptides in the group receiving fermented milk A as compared with fermented milk B.
Purification, characterization, antibacterial activity and N-terminal sequencing of buffalo-milk lysozyme
Authors: PRIYADARSHINI SUBHADRA , KANSAL VINOD K. 
Published: October 2003

Lysozyme from buffalo milk was purified to homogeneity and its N-terminal amino acid sequence, biochemical properties and antibacterial spectrum were determined. The purification procedure, comprising ion-exchange chromatography using CM-cellulose and size-exclusion chromatography using Sephadex G-50, conferred 8622-fold purification and 39·3% recovery of lysozyme. The purified enzyme migrated as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and native PAGE. Immunological purity of lysozyme preparation was confirmed by immuno-electrophoresis. Molecular weight of buffalo-milk lysozyme as determined by SDS-PAGE was 16 kDa and its amino acid composition was determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sequence of 23 amino acid residues at the N-terminal end showed 56·5% homology with bovine milk lysozyme and 30·4% with equine milk lysozyme. The specific activity of buffalo milk lysozyme was ten-times that of bovine milk lysozyme. Buffalo-milk lysozyme was active over a wide range of pH and its activity was strongly influenced by molarity of the medium. Antibacterial activity of buffalo-milk lysozyme was determined against 11 species of bacteria; out of seven Gram-positive bacteria tested, four were inhibited, while Gram-negative bacteria were resistant.
Temporal and spatial activity of the key-hole limpet Fissurella crassa (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the eastern Pacific
Authors: Serra Gianluca , Chelazzi Guido , Castilla Juan C. 
Published: October 2003

An automated photographic technique was used to collect quantitative information on the activity patterns of Fissurella crassa under heavy-exposed sea conditions.The activity of this key-hole limpet was confined to nocturnal low tides. Total length of excursions was significantly greater during spring tides than neap tides, as was the maximum distance reached from the refuge. Total duration of excursions and their average speed did not vary significantly according to the spring/neap cycle. While the direction angle of excursions relative to the refuge was not influenced significantly by the spring/neap cycle, the lowest zone within the intertidal was reached by F. crassa during spring low tides only.Fissurella crassa showed a spatial activity pattern fluctuating intra/inter-individually between a central place foraging and a ranging strategy, with a marked propensity for the former. Looped excursions were characterized by higher speed for the movements away and toward the limpet's refuge, than the movements at maximum distance from the refuge. As the outward and inward branches of looped excursions often overlapped extensively, trail-following is suggested as the main mechanism of orientation used by F. crassa to relocate the refuge.
Omnipotence and necessary moral perfection: are they compatible?
Authors: MORRISTON WES 
Published: October 2003

This paper elaborates and defends an argument for saying that if God is
necessarily good (morally perfect in all possible worlds), then He does not have the
maximum conceivable amount of power and so is not all-powerful. It considers and
rejects several of the best-known attempts to show that necessary moral perfection
is consistent with the requirements of omnipotence, and concludes by suggesting
that a less than all-powerful person might still be the greatest possible being.Great is your power, and your wisdom is immeasurable.
Psalm 147.5
5th European conference on principles of knowledge discovery in databases
Authors: COENEN FRANS 
Published: October 2003

1 OpeningPKDD 2001, the 5th European Conference on Principles of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (PKDD),
was held in Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, this year (Monday 3 to Thursday 7 September), and co-located with the 12th European Conference on Machine Learning (ECML 2001). The proceedings comprised two volumes, one for PKDD (De Raedt & Siebes, 2001) and one for ECML (De Raedt & Flach, 2001); and form part of the Springer Lecture Notes on Artificial Intelligence (LNAI) series. The conference was held in the University buildings in the centre of the old town. Freiburg and the surrounding area were for many years part of the Austro-Hungarian empire and thus the university was described to us as being one of the oldest Austrian Universities.