bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basic Mechanisms of Monogenic Inheritance
Authors: Ziegler Andreas 
Published: August 2005

Summary:To revive the appreciation of the importance of genetic studies for the understanding of neurologic diseases inherited in a monogenic fashion. After a description of the basic patterns of monogenic inheritance, the importance of linkage studies for the mapping of a disease gene is mentioned. Furthermore, the term linkage disequilibrium is introduced. Finally, several procedures used in current linkage analyses are briefly mentioned, with the aim of identifying the disease gene. The importance of genetic studies of disease families with many members, preferably from isolated surroundings to favor homogeneity, is stressed. However, such analyses can be performed only as a consequence of a close cooperation between clinicians and research scientists.
A Distinct Asymmetrical Pattern of Cortical Malformation: Large Unilateral Malformation of Cortical Development with Contralateral Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia in Three Pediatric Cases
Authors: Poduri Annapurna , Golja Anna , Riviello James J. , Bourgeois Blaise F. D. , Duffy Frank H. , Takeoka Masanori 
Published: August 2005

Summary:  Purpose: To describe a distinct asymmetrical pattern of cortical malformation with large focal malformations of cortical development (MCDs) and contralateral periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH). Methods: We identified three patients with epilepsy and focal EEG abnormalities. Each patient underwent 1.5‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to obtain sagittal T1‐weighted, axial fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), fast spin‐echo (FSE) T2‐weighted, and coronal fast spin‐echo inversion recovery (FSEIR) T2‐weighted images; coronal spoiled gradient recalled (SPGR) T1‐weighted images were obtained in two cases. Results: Patient 1, an 18‐year‐old right‐handed man, had a 4‐year history of intractable seizures. MRI revealed a right frontal subcortical heterotopia (SH) and a single left anterior PNH.Patient 2, a 10‐year‐old left‐handed boy, had a 4‐year history of epilepsy. MRI revealed a large region of SH in the left temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes and three right‐sided PNH.Patient 3, a 16‐month‐old girl, had medically refractory infantile spasms. MRI revealed a large MCD in the left parietal lobe with contiguous underlying periventricular heterotopia as well as a small contralateral PNH. Conclusions: These cases together illustrate a distinct asymmetrical pattern of a large focal MCD with small contralateral PNH. The asymmetrical involvement of the two hemispheres suggests that the stage of maximal disruption of cortical development may differ between the two hemispheres. Further study into the mechanisms underlying such asymmetrical patterns of cortical malformation should enhance our understanding of cortical development as well as hemispheric lateralization.
Epileptogenesis due to Peripheral Injury as a Cause of Focal Epilepsy
Authors: Spiller Allison E. , Guberman Alan , Bartolomei Fabrice , Zifkin Benjamin , Andermann Frederick 
Published: August 2005

Summary:  Purpose: To report three patients in whom focal epilepsy developed shortly after painful soft tissue injuries to their hands. Methods: Case reports. Results: The attacks started in the injured hand. No evidence was found of an underlying brain lesion by history or from imaging studies. Conclusions: These cases suggest the possibility that the injuries led to a plastic change in the sensory/motor cortex, leading to increased excitability and ultimately to seizures. This suggests that epileptogenesis can occur in response to painful peripheral stimuli in some individuals.
Thiol Redox State and Lipid and Protein Oxidation in the Mouse Striatum after Pentylenetetrazol‐induced Epileptic Seizure
Authors: Patsoukis Nikolaos , Zervoudakis George , Georgiou Christos D. , Angelatou Fevronia , Matsokis Nikolaos A. , Panagopoulos Nikolaos T. 
Published: August 2005

Summary: Purpose:In the present study, we examined the effects of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) administration on the thiol redox state (TRS), lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation in the mouse striatum to (a) quantitate the major components of TRS and relate them to oxidative stress, and (b) investigate whether neuronal activation without synchronization, induced by subconvulsive doses of PTZ, can cause similar qualitative effects on TRS in this brain area. Specifically, we examined the TRS components glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), cysteine (CSH), protein thiols (PSH), and the protein (P) and nonprotein (NP/R) disulfides PSSR, NPSSR, NPSSC, and PSSP.Methods:TRS components were measured photometrically (GSSG enzymatically) as were lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation.Results:GSH, GSSG, and NPSSC levels are decreased by 45%, 38% and 26%, respectively, at 15 min after seizure; PSSP and PSSR levels and lipid peroxidation are increased by 47%, 200% and 22%, respectively, whereas CSH, NPSSR, PSH, PSSC, and protein carbonyl levels do not change. At 30 min after seizure, GSH, GSSG, CSH, NPSSC, and protein carbonyl levels are decreased by 26%, 62%, 25%, 40%, and 13%, respectively. PSSP and NPSSR levels are increased by 30% and 42%, respectively, whereas PSH, PSSC, PSSR, and lipid peroxidation remain unchanged. At 24 h after seizure, GSH, NPSSR, PSSR, and lipid‐peroxidation levels return to normal; GSSG, CSH, NPSSC, and protein carbonyl levels are decreased by 44%, 22%, 30%, and 27%, respectively.Conclusions:The significant decrease in GSH, GSSG, CSH, and NPSSC and the increase in PSSP, NPSSR, PSSR, and lipid peroxidation after PTZ‐induced seizure strongly suggest increased oxidative stress in the mouse striatum.
Characteristics of Headache Associated with Intractable Partial Epilepsy
Authors: Yankovsky Alexei E. , Andermann Frederick , Bernasconi Andrea 
Published: August 2005

Summary:  Purpose: The association between headache (HA) and epilepsy is well known. However, few previous studies characterized HA types and head sensations (HSens) in large populations of individuals with well‐defined forms of epilepsy. Methods: To analyze the incidence of HA in such a group, we compare HA and non‐HA patients to identify special predictive factors for HAs or migraine. We also investigate the pathologically verified group for possible correlations with HAs or migraine. One hundred consecutive patients undergoing presurgical evaluation for pharmacologically intractable partial epilepsy were interviewed. For each HA type, we inquired about lateralization, localization, quality of HA, and results of treatment. Results: Periictal HAs were reported by 47 patients. Of those, 11 had preictal HA (PIHA), and 44 had postictal HA (PostHA). Eight patients had both PIHA and PostHA. Interictal HAs (InterHAs) were reported by 31 patients. Twenty‐nine (62%) of 47 patients had frontotemporal HAs. Twenty‐five patients had migraine‐like HA without aura: 18 (60%) of 30 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and seven (41%) of 17 with extratemporal epilepsy (ETE). No correlation between pathology and presence of HA was found in 59 pathologically verified patients, except in four who had arteriovenous malformations (AVMs): three had and one did not have HAs. Eighteen patients had, in addition, poorly localized and ill‐described HSens other than HAs. Conclusions: We confirm an association between focal epilepsy and HAs, including migraine without aura. This is true for both TLE and ETE. PIHA and even prodromal HA may be related to the epileptic discharge and may have lateralizing value. This association is not recognized by the current International Headache Society (IHS) classification. The presence of HA and migraine is not related to the underlying epileptogenic pathology except in patients with AVMs.
Hyperorality in Epileptic Seizures: Periictal Incomplete Klüver–Bucy Syndrome
Authors: Janszky Jozsef , Fogarasi Andras , Magalova Vafa , Tuxhorn Ingrid , Ebner Alois 
Published: August 2005

Summary:  Purpose: To analyze systematically hyperorality associated with epileptic seizures and its relation to the localization of epileptic activity. Methods: To identify patients with periictal hyperorality, we reviewed video‐recordings of 269 patients (aged 6–59 years) who had consecutively undergone presurgical evaluations including ictal video‐EEG recordings and high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and had had epilepsy surgery because of intractable frontal (FLE) or temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Periictal hyperorality was defined if patients put or unambiguously intended to put nonfood items into their mouths during or after at least one of the reviewed seizures. For the further analysis, we included only patients with periictal hyperorality. We reviewed their medical records and reexamined their ictal video‐EEG recordings. Results: We identified eight patients (six women) aged 8–59 years who had hyperorality during or after seizures. Seven patients had TLE, and one patient had frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). Three of these patients underwent right‐sided surgery, whereas five patients had surgery on the left. Three patients exhibited ictal and five showed postictal hyperorality. Interictal EEG suggested bilateral interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in three patients; in two other patients, no IEDs were detected. Ictal EEG suggested bilateral involvement in six cases. Patients with unilateral epileptiform activity had left TLE. Conclusions: Periictal hyperorality is a rare phenomenon occurring in 3% of the investigated epilepsy population. We suggest that periictal hyperorality is an ictal–postictal mental disturbance, an incomplete Klüver–Bucy syndrome. In most patients, bilateral seizure activity plays an important role in the pathomechanism, but it would appear that left‐sided epileptic activity without contralateral involvement also can cause periictal hyperorality.
Stroke or encephalitis?
Authors: Townend Bradley S , Hanson Julian A , Sturm Jonathan W , Whyte Scott 
Published: August 2005

AbstractViral encephalitis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly when appropriate management is omitted as a result of delayed diagnosis. A case of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) encephalitis is presented, demonstrating that the presentation of confusion, speech difficulties and fever with non‐specific early brain CT appearances can easily be misdiagnosed as pneumonia with stroke. This case highlights the need for increased awareness of HSV‐1 encephalitis among emergency physicians and radiologists, given that the early spectrum of clinical and CT findings can mimic the more common diagnoses of sepsis and stroke.
Interviews with Karlheinz Brandenburg
Authors: Brandenburg Karlheinz 
Published: August 2005

Interviews with Cynthia Breazeal and Karlheinz Brandenburg—September 10, 2003 and July 22, 2004
Prof. Dr. Cynthia Breazeal, Director of the Robotic Life Group at the MIT Media Lab, and Prof. Dr. Karlheinz Brandenburg, inventor of MP3, have graciously appeared on camera for interviews and joined the ACM Computers in Entertainment magazine's editorial board. Cynthia and Karlheinz are two of the nicest people to talk to and work with. Cynthia talks about her sociable robot Kismet, her role in Steven Spielberg's movie "Artificial Intelligence: AI," and the future of robotics. Karlheinz shares with us the history of MP3, the new spatial audio technology called Wave Field Synthesis, and other fascinating research at the Fraunhofer Institute. The video clips of the interviews are available at http://www.acm.org/pubs/cie.html
Dr. Cynthia Breazeal directs the Robotic Life Group at the MIT Media Lab. She is internationally known for seamlessly blending scientific theories, artistic insights, and engineering principles to create compelling robotic creatures that have a lively and compelling social presence to those who interact with them. Her current research extends these themes in the area of human-robot relations to create cooperative and capable robots that can work and learn in partnership with people. Her research program strives to revolutionize the art and science of human-robot interaction and cooperation - to develop robots that engage us as helpful partners that will ultimately play an valuable, rewarding, and unprecedented role in the everyday lives or ordinary people. More information can be found at http://web.media.mit.edu/~cynthiab/
Dr. Karlheinz Brandenburg manages The Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Media Technology founded in January 2004. He is well known for his work on digital audio coding and perceptual measurement techniques. He received the German Future Award for the development and commercialization of the MP3 music format at the Erlangen based Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits together with his colleagues Harald Popp and Bernhard Grill in 2000. He is also a full professor and the director of the Institute for Media Technology at Ilmenau Technical University. His current research includes the IOSONO Wave Field Synthesis, audio metadata technologies, and audio applications for specific technological demands. More information can be found at http://www.idmt.fraunhofer.de/presse/textarchiv/vita_brandenburg.pdf
Schedulability analysis of applications with stochastic task execution times
Authors: Manolache Sorin , Eles Petru , Peng Zebo 
Published: August 2005

In the past decade, the limitations of models considering fixed (worst-case) task execution times have been acknowledged for large application classes within soft real-time systems. A more realistic model considers the tasks having varying execution times with given probability distributions. Considering such a model with specified task execution time probability distribution functions, an important performance indicator of the system is the expected deadline miss ratio of the tasks and of the task graphs. This article presents an approach for obtaining this indicator in an analytic way.
Our goal is to keep the analysis cost low, in terms of required analysis time and memory, while considering as general classes of target application models as possible. The following main assumptions have been made on the applications that are modeled as sets of task graphs: the tasks are periodic, the task execution times have given generalized probability distribution functions, the task execution deadlines are given and arbitrary, the scheduling policy can belong to practically any class of non-preemptive scheduling policies, and a designer supplied maximum number of concurrent instantiations of the same task graph is tolerated in the system.
Experiments show the efficiency of the proposed technique for monoprocessor systems.
Acknowledgements
Authors: Lee Newton 
Published: August 2005

Flash homepage design volunteers—Alex Lieu, Johnny Rodriguez, Michael Borys—3-Pin Media
Flash animation volunteers— Jay Popeski, Jeffrey Blyseth— Axis Graphics
HTML design volunteer— Joe Raymond
Video and sound editing volunteer— Newton Lee, Eric Huff
Producer and editor-in-chief— Newton Lee
Also thanks to all authors, interviewees, reviewers, editorial board advisors, and the entire ACM staff including Mark Mandelbaum, John White, Roma Simon, Irma Strolia, Carol Wierzbicki, Edwin Rodriguez, Jono Hardjowirogo, and Virginia Gold for their support.
Women's game conference 2005 dates
Authors: Sherman Chris 
Published: August 2005

Just a quick note so you can mark your calendar. The 2005 Women's Game Conference will take place Wednesday and Thursday, October 26-27, 2005 at the Austin Convention Center (same location in the convention center as the 2004 conference).
The Austin Game Conference will take place Thursday and Friday, October 27-28, 2005 at the Austin Convention Center.
Stay Well,
Chris
Digital delivery considerations for entertainment media
Authors: Raciborski Nathan 
Published: August 2005

To the delight of content providers, 2003 was the year in which significant consumer demand began to build for paid online content. The momentum was seen most notably in music licensed and delivered via the Internet with hundreds of thousands of songs readily available from numerous legal download services. With widespread adoption of broadband connectivity, other forms of digital content such as movies, games and IP television are increasingly capturing large audiences as well. The challenge for providers of such paid content is to deliver their product flawlessly in an era of cost-consciousness and return on investment demands. This is increasingly being done via a new breed of service providers called Digital Delivery Networks (DDNs), who specialize in making high-capacity, fast response and ultra-reliable online media distribution a cost-effective option.
Industry analysts state that nearly 40 percent of homes in America today utilize a broadband service and are downloading digital files that are growing exponentially larger in size each year. Launching a service capable of routing such large files to these content-hungry visitors quickly and efficiently is crucial to the long-term viability and profitability of any online content provider.
While most end-users may not consider where their Internet content originates and how this content reaches their computer, DDNs are expanding and enhancing services in order to address the specific needs of greater bandwidth availability, faster delivery and increased reliability for companies with an online presence. Unlike legacy content delivery networks (CDNs) that were designed primarily to handle static pictures on websites for faster page loads, a Digital Delivery Network is designed to scale with the increasing file sizes of today's interactive media and unpredictable audiences. This means increased media server capacity, enhanced Internet backbone connectivity and strategically distributed infrastructure deployment to reach the largest possible audience.
But how does one choose a reliable DDN provider and what should companies look for in a DDN? Online content providers can meet the growing demands of consumers by ensuring three key elements are met by their DDN partner in the distribution of large media files. By addressing the very specific needs of end-users for speed, reliability, and the flexibility in creating unique solutions for content providers to address these needs, true DDNs can enable online business models to flourish.
Reactive search, a history-sensitive heuristic for MAX-SAT
Authors: Battiti Roberto , Protasi Marco 
Published: August 2005

The Reactive Search (RS) method proposes the integration of a simple
history-sensitive (machine learning)
scheme into local search for the on-line determination of free parameters. In this paper a new RS algorithm is proposed for the approximated solution of the Maximum Satisfiability problem: a component based on local search with temporary prohibitions (Tabu Search) is complemented with a reactive scheme that determines the appropriate value of the prohibition parameter by monitoring the Hamming distance along the search trajectory. The proposed algorithm (H-RTS) can therefore be characterized as a
dynamic
version of Tabu Search.

In addition, the
non-oblivious
functions recently introduced in the framework of approximation algorithms are used to discover a better local optimum in the initial part of the search

The algorithm is developed in two phases. First the bias-diversification properties of individual candidate components are analyzed by extensive empirical evaluation, then a reactive scheme is added to the winning component, based on Tabu Search.
The final tests on a benchmark of random MAX-3-SAT and MAX-4-SAT problems demonstrate the superiority of H-RTS with respect to alternative heuristics.
VR for public consumption
Authors: Lee Newton 
Published: August 2005

Artists and educators using immersive virtual reality are
interested in creating content for the general public. Such
activity has always existed alongside hard-core VR research.
Publicly-accessible VR presents difficulties not faced in research
with small groups of knowledgeable users or in industrial VR
applications. We believe these problems must be addressed to bring
VR to the public:
This workshop will connect researchers with those who use VR in
the public realm, document what has been done to make VR fit for
public consumption, and identify what still needs to be done. We
envision the workshop consisting of short presentations, followed
by open discussion allowing participants to network and define new
plans of action.
A Review of Current Investigations of Urban-Induced Rainfall and Recommendations for the Future
Authors: Shepherd J. Marshall 
Published: August 2005

AbstractPrecipitation is a key link in the global water cycle and a proxy for changing climate; therefore, proper assessment of the urban environment’s impact on precipitation (land use, aerosols, thermal properties) will be increasingly important in ongoing climate diagnostics and prediction, Global Water and Energy Cycle (GWEC) analysis and modeling, weather forecasting, freshwater resource management, urban planning–design, and land–atmosphere–ocean interface processes. These facts are particularly critical if current projections for global urban growth are accurate.The goal of this paper is to provide a concise review of recent (1990–present) studies related to how the urban environment affects precipitation. In addition to providing a synopsis of current work, recent findings are placed in context with historical investigations such as Metropolitan Meteorological Experiment (METROMEX) studies. Both observational and modeling studies of urban-induced rainfall are discussed. Additionally, a discussion of the relative roles of urban dynamic and microphysical (e.g., aerosol) processes is presented. The paper closes with a set of recommendations for what observations and capabilities are needed in the future to advance our understanding of the processes.
Proxy-Based Northern Hemisphere Surface Temperature Reconstructions: Sensitivity to Method, Predictor Network, Target Season, and Target Domain
Authors: Rutherford S. , Mann M. E. , Osborn T. J. , Briffa K. R. , Jones P D. , Bradley R. S. , Hughes M. K. 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Results are presented from a set of experiments designed to investigate factors that may influence proxy-based reconstructions of large-scale temperature patterns in past centuries. The factors investigated include 1) the method used to assimilate proxy data into a climate reconstruction, 2) the proxy data network used, 3) the target season, and 4) the spatial domain of the reconstruction. Estimates of hemispheric-mean temperature are formed through spatial averaging of reconstructed temperature patterns that are based on either the local calibration of proxy and instrumental data or a more elaborate multivariate climate field reconstruction approach. The experiments compare results based on the global multiproxy dataset used by Mann and coworkers, with results obtained using the extratropical Northern Hemisphere (NH) maximum latewood tree-ring density set used by Briffa and coworkers. Mean temperature reconstructions are compared for the full NH (Tropics and extratropics, land and ocean) and extratropical continents only, withvarying target seasons (cold-season half year, warm-season half year, and annual mean). The comparisons demonstrate dependence of reconstructions on seasonal, spatial, and methodological considerations, emphasizing the primary importance of the target region and seasonal window of the reconstruction. The comparisons support the generally robust nature of several previously published estimates of NH mean temperature changes in past centuries and suggest that further improvements in reconstructive skill are most likely to arise from an emphasis on the quality, rather than quantity, of available proxy data.