bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study protocol to investigate the efficacy of confocal laser endomicroscopy-based selective single-elimination diet over standard fivefold elimination diet in patients with endomicroscopically proven food intolerance: app-assisted, monocentric, double-blind, randomised and controlled trial in Germany
Authors: Heßler Nicole , Kordowski Anna , Sasse Jill , Ahlemann Greta , Schulz Franziska , Schröder Torsten , Exner Anna , Jablonski Lennart , Jappe Uta , Bischoff Stephan C , Grzegorzek Marcin , König Inke R , Sina Christian 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionImprecise nutritional recommendations due to a lack of diagnostic test accuracy are a frequent problem for individuals with adverse reactions to foods but no precise diagnosis. Consequently, patients follow very broad and strict elimination diets to avoid uncontrolled symptoms such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Dietary limitations and the uncertainty of developing gastrointestinal symptoms after the inadvertent ingestion of food have been demonstrated to reduce the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals and subsequently might increase the risk of malnutrition and intestinal dysbiosis. This trial aims to investigate the effects of a tailored diet based on the confocal laser endoscopy (CLE) examination result to limit the side effects of unspecific and broad elimination diets and to increase the patient’s QoL.Methods and analysisThe study is designed as a prospective, double-blind, monocentric, randomised and controlled trial conducted at the University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany. One hundred seventy-two patients with non-IgE-related food allergies and positive CLE results will be randomised to either a tailored diet or a standard fivefold elimination diet. The primary endpoints are the difference between the end and the start of the intervention in health-related QoL and the sum score of the severity of symptoms after 12 weeks. Key secondary endpoints are changes in the severity of symptoms, further QoL measurements, self-assessed state of health and number of days with a pathologically altered stool. Microbiome diversity and metabolome of stool, urine and blood will also be investigated. Safety endpoints are body composition, body mass index and adverse events.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was accepted by the ethical committee of the University of Lübeck (AZ: 22-111) on 4 May2022. Results of the study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings.Trial registration numberGerman Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00029323).
What is the association between adverse childhood experiences and late-life cognitive decline? Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR) cohort study
Authors: Lor Yi , George Kristen M , Gilsanz Paola , Meunier Claire C , Peterson Rachel L , Hayes-Larson Eleanor , Barnes Lisa L , Mungas Dan , Whitmer Rachel A 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with higher risk of chronic disease, but little is known about the association with late life cognitive decline. We examined the longitudinal association between ACEs and late-life cognitive decline in the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR).DesignLinear mixed models with random intercepts and slope examined the association of individual and composite ACEs with cognitive change adjusting for years from baseline (timescale), baseline age, sex, parental education, childhood socioeconomic status and childhood social support. Participants reported whether they had experienced nine types of ACEs. Executive function and verbal episodic memory were measured up to three times over a 3-year period using the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales.SettingsKaiser Permanente Northern California members living in the Bay Area.ParticipantsSTAR is a cohort study of cognitive ageing launched in 2018 that has enrolled 764 black Americans ages ≥50 years (mean age=67.5; SD=8.5).ResultsTwenty-one per cent of participants reported no ACEs, 24% one ACE, 20% two ACEs, 17% three ACEs and 17% four or more ACEs. Compared with no ACEs, two ACEs (β=0.117; 95% CI 0.052 to 0.182), three ACEs (β=0.075; 95% CI 0.007 to 0.143) and four or more ACEs (β=0.089; 95% CI 0.002 to 0.158) were associated with less decline in executive function. There were no significant associations between number of ACEs and baseline or longitudinal verbal episodic memory or between individual ACEs and executive function or verbal episodic memory.ConclusionIn this cohort of older black Americans, there was no association between ACEs and baseline cognition or cognitive change in verbal episodic memory; however, experiencing ≥ 2 ACEs was associated with less decline in executive function. These results may indicate that participants who survived to age 50+ and experienced ACEs may have cognitive resilience that warrants further investigation.
Tiza–Titre increase and enhanced immunity through an adjuvanted, recombinant herpes zoster subunit vaccine in patients with liver cirrhosis and post-liver transplantation: a study protocol for a prospective cohort study
Authors: Vollmer-Raschdorf Stephanie , Rashidi-Alavijeh Jassin , Voigt Sebastian , Hengel Hartmut , Borchardt Benjamin , Huzly Daniela , Hüßler Eva-Maria , in der Schmitten Jürgen , Halenius Anne , Willuweit Katharina , Botzenhardt Suzan , Trilling Mirko , Boettler Tobias , Dehnen Dorothea 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionShingrix, an effective adjuvanted, recombinant herpes zoster vaccine (RZV), has been available since 2018. Immunocompromised patients are known to be predisposed to vaccine failure. In-vitro testing of immunological surrogates of vaccine protection could be instrumental for monitoring vaccination success. So far, no test procedure is available for vaccine responses to RZV that could be used on a routine basis.Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre, three-arm, parallel, longitudinal cohort study aspiring to recruit a total of 308 patients (103 with a liver cirrhosis Child A/B, 103 after liver transplantation (both ≥50 years), 102 immunocompetent patients (60–70 years)). Blood samples will be taken at seven data collection points to determine varicella zoster virus (VZV) and glycoprotein E (gE)-specific IgG and T cell responses. The primary study outcome is to measure and compare responses after vaccination with RZV depending on the type and degree of immunosuppression using gE-specific antibody detection assays. As a secondary outcome, first, the gE-specific CD4+T cell response of the three cohorts will be compared and, second, the gE-VZV antibody levels will be compared with the severity of possible vaccination reactions. The tertiary outcome is a potential association between VZV immune responses and clinical protection against shingles.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was issued on 07/11/2022 by the Ethics Committee Essen, Germany (number 22-10805-BO). Findings will be published in peer-reviewed open-access journals and presented at local, national and international conferences.Trial registration numberGerman Clinical Trials Registry (number DRKS00030683).
Protocol for a longitudinal cohort study of Lyme disease with physical, mental and immunological assessment
Authors: Loeb Mark , Brison Robert , Bramson Jonathan , Hatchette Todd , Sander Beate , Stringer Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThere are limited data on the longitudinal impact of Lyme disease. Predictors of recovery have not been fully established using validated data collection instruments. There are sparse data on the immunological response to infection over time.Methods and analysisThis study is a longitudinal cohort study that will recruit 120 participants with Lyme disease in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada, with follow-up for up to 24 months. Data will be collected using the Short-Form 36 physical and mental component summaries, Depression and Anxiety Severity Scale Questionnaire, Fatigue Severity Scale and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Mononuclear cells, gene expression and cytokine profiling from blood samples will be used to assess immunological response. Analyses will include the use of non-linear mixed-effects modelling and proportional hazards models.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained from ethics boards at McMaster University (Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board) (7564), Queens University (EMD 315-20) and Nova Scotia Health Research Ethics Board (1027173), and the study is enrolling participants. Written informed consent is obtained from all participants. The results will be disseminated by publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at a relevant conference. A brief report will be provided to decision-makers and patient groups.
Prepare to fail or failing to prepare? Acute performance after the 11+ with and without strength exercises
Authors: Støvland Varg Ringdal , Amundsen Roar , Paulsen Gøran , Dalen-Lorentsen Torstein 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe 11+ is an effective injury prevention warm-up programme but is often poorly adopted in practice. One reason for low compliance is the claim that the strength training part of the programme acutely impairs muscle performance before the football activity. This study aims to compare the acute effects of the 11+ with (WU+S) or without (WU-S) the strength training part on performance.MethodsFifteen female junior football players completed WU+S and WU-S on two separate days in randomised order. Maximal voluntary torque in knee extension and flexion (60°/s and 180°/s) and countermovement jump (CMJ) were tested before and after performing the warm-up protocol. Sprint performance and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed post-warm-up.ResultsWarm-up with strength training reduced peak torque in knee flexion at 180°/s more than WU-S, while no differences were found at 60°/s. Knee extension work was reduced more with WU+S than WU-S at 180°/s, but no differences at 60°/s. Peak torque angle and CMJ were unaffected. Players were slower on 20 and 30 m sprints after WU+S than WU-S. The RPE was higher after WU+S than WU-S, but there were no differences in readiness to train between the two protocols.ConclusionPerforming the 11+ programme as a warm-up routine with the strength training part can impair subsequent knee flexion torque at high velocity and sprint performance in female junior football players compared with performing the 11+ warm-up without the strength part.
Pathogenic Germline Variants in BRCA1/2 and p53 Identified by Real-world Comprehensive Cancer Genome Profiling Tests in Asian Patients
Authors: Satake Tomoyuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Tanabe Noriko , Mizuno Takaaki , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Yoshida Tatsuya , Hirata Makoto , Yamamoto Noboru 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Cancer genome profiling (CGP) occasionally identifies pathogenic germline variants (PGV) in cancer susceptibility genes (CSG) as secondary findings. Here, we analyzed the prevalence and clinical characteristics of PGVs based on nationwide real-world data from CGP tests in Japan. We analyzed the genomic information and clinical characteristics of 23,928 patients with solid cancers who underwent either tumor-only (n = 20,189) or paired tumor-normal (n = 3,739) sequencing CGP tests between June 2019 and December 2021 using the comprehensive national database. We assigned clinical significance for all variants and highlighted the prevalence and characteristics of PGVs. Our primary analysis of the tumor-normal sequencing cohort revealed that 152 patients (4.1%) harbored PGVs in 15 CSGs. Among 783 germline variants, 113 were annotated as PGVs, 70 as benign variants, and 600 as variants of uncertain significance. The number of PGVs identified was highest in BRCA1/2, with 56, followed by TP53, with 18. PGVs were the most prevalent in ovarian and peritoneal cancers, including among cancer types common in Asia. In the tumor-only sequencing cohort, of the 5,184 pathogenic somatic variants across 26 CSGs, 784 (15.1%) were extracted according to the European Society for Medical Oncology recommendations for germline-focused tumor analysis. The prevalence of PGVs was similar to that previously reported in Europe and the United States. This is the largest analysis based on real-world tumor-normal sequencing tests in Asia. The more widespread use of the tumor-normal sequencing CGP test could be reasonable for evaluating PGVs.

Significance:
We analyzed real-world data from over 23,000 patients in Japan, revealing 4.1% harbored PGVs, particularly in BRCA1/2 and TP53, in CSGs. It highlights the prevalence of PGVs in Asian populations and supports the broader adoption of tumor-normal sequencing CGP tests for PGV evaluation.
Inventing a Selfie Studio
Authors: Baykan Calafato Özge Baykan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Through a case study of Istanbul’s Foto Görçek, playfully dubbed ‘the world’s first selfie studio’, this article focuses on the changing photographic practices from the mid-1940s–1960s in modern Turkey, which experienced a dramatic political transition during the 1950s with the introduction of the multi-party regime following three decades of strictly secular Kemalist rule. This study explores how Foto Görçek challenged and transformed studio practices in Turkey, particularly during its increasing popularity in the 1950s–1960s, by allowing people to take up Elizabeth Edwards’ notion of the ‘theater of the self’, or when the self also takes on the role of the photographer. Accordingly, the article looks at the affordances of the photo studio as a space where citizens reimagined their desired selves and when new ways of imagining the self were made available to them. Moreover, this study investigates how such new imagined selves in the aftermath of the Second World War served to renegotiate a desired modern Turkish identity resulting from the rigorous state-controlled nation-building process during the 1920s–1930s.
Framing Moroccan Judiciary on tv Dramas: a Public Asset under Constraints
Authors: Chalfaouat Abderrahim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An efficient, impartial, and independent judiciary is a major demand for Moroccan citizens. In online advocacy, citizens denounce the flawed judiciary, sometimes virally circulating content on its corruption and susceptibility to interference. On tv, non-fiction programs respond to frequent requests for legal advice from audiences. Meanwhile, dramas employ frames that reflect codes on how society should perceive the judiciary and the rule of law. This article assesses the dominant frames of the judiciary on tv dramas. Two programs, Moudāwala and Al-Māḍī Lā Yamūt, are selected based on their relevance and popularity. The qualitative analysis of these programs incorporates character and narrative portrayals into thematic and frame analyses. As the two programs illustrate judicial struggles from within and without, they exemplify portrayals of the legal system that uncover discrepancies between normative practices and ruthless realities. The judiciary’s dominant frames focus on individual solutions and blame citizens for ignoring judicial texts or institutions. Frames reflect how media avoid watchdogging the judiciary and extend, directly or otherwise, hegemony over both the judiciary and the media.
Atmosphere–Ocean Coupled Energy Budgets of Tropical Convective Discharge–Recharge Cycles
Authors: Wolding Brandon , Rydbeck Adam , Dias Juliana , Ahmed Fiaz , Gehne Maria , Kiladis George , Dellaripa Emily M. Riley , Chen Xingchao , McCoy Isabel L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An energy budget combining atmospheric moist static energy (MSE) and upper ocean heat content (OHC) is used to examine the processes impacting day-to-day convective variability in the tropical Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Feedbacks arising from atmospheric and oceanic transport processes, surface fluxes, and radiation drive the cyclical amplification and decay of convection around suppressed and enhanced convective equilibrium states, referred to as shallow and deep convective discharge–recharge (D–R) cycles, respectively. The shallow convective D–R cycle is characterized by alternating enhancements of shallow cumulus and stratocumulus, often in the presence of extensive cirrus clouds. The deep convective D–R cycle is characterized by sequential increases in shallow cumulus, congestus, narrow deep precipitation, wide deep precipitation, a mix of detached anvil and altostratus and altocumulus, and once again shallow cumulus cloud types. Transitions from the shallow to deep D–R cycle are favored by a positive “column process” feedback, while discharge of convective instability and OHC by mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) contributes to transitions from the deep to shallow D–R cycle. Variability in the processes impacting MSE is comparable in magnitude to, but considerably more balanced than, variability in the processes impacting OHC. Variations in the quantity of atmosphere–ocean coupled static energy (MSE + OHC) result primarily from atmospheric and oceanic transport processes, but are mainly realized as changes in OHC. MCSs are unique in their ability to rapidly discharge both lower-tropospheric convective instability and OHC.
The first epidemiology of urolithiasis in Northern Vietnam: Urinary stone composition, age, gender, season, and clinical features study
Authors: Nguyen Lien D , Nguyen Trung T , Mai Luc V , Bui Phuong V , Nguyen Van Thi , Truong Giang TB , Luu Minh TN , Duong Hung T , Vu Loi D , Hoang Thao TH 
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the compositions of urinary stones and investigate their distributions in different ages, genders, seasons, and clinical features of Northern Vietnamese patients. Methods: A total of 231 patients with urinary stones from Northern Vietnam were collected and analyzed composition from 1/2021-12/2022. For all patients, age, sex, stone location, stone side, urine pH, and hospitalized date (month) were collected. Results: Kidney stones are more frequently found in men than women with the male: female urinary stones ratio in this study being 1.96:1. The highest stone prevalence appeared between 60 and 69 years old. The most common stone composition was calcium oxalate, followed by calcium phosphate, uric acid, struvite, and cysteine. Mix stones of CaOx and CaP were more prevalent than pure stones. Males submitted more CaOx, CaP, and UA stones, whereas females were susceptible to infectious stones. Stones were more frequently found on the left side of the upper urinary tract (51.9%) than on the right side (27.3%) and lower urinary tract (7.8%). Cultural tendency leads to a smaller number of stones during the Lunar new year (February), and Ghost month (August).
Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Zhu Youwen , Liu Kun , Zhu Hong , Wu Haijun 
Published: November 2023

Background: Nivolumab plus chemotherapy (NC) was recently approved as the first-line intervention for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC). Moreover, in the latest KEYNOTE-859 (NCT03675737), pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy (PC) was demonstrated to produce remarkable patient survival outcomes. Objectives: The clinicians and patients need to assess NC and PC preference for cancer drugs. Design: The cost-effective analysis. Methods: In an economic assessment of the United States, United Kingdom, and Chinese healthcare systems using a Markov model simulated patients with GC/GEJC, two treatment decision branches with three health states and a tracked time horizon of 15 years were developed. The overall cost and efficacy outcomes of first-line strategies PC and NC were evaluated at willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds of different national, including life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), and incremental net-health benefit (INHB). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were considered. Results: Given a WTP threshold of $150,000, $60,161, and $37,653 per QALY in the United States, United Kingdom, and China, respectively, both PC and NC achieved QALYs of 1.67 and 1.65 (2.51 and 2.48 LYs), 1.65 and 1.63 (2.48 and 2.45 LYs), and 1.60 and 1.58 (2.40 and 2.37 LYs), with total costs of $242,444 and $232,617, $148,367 and $127,737, and $16,693 and $24,016, respectively. Based on our sensitivity analysis, the programmed death-1 inhibitors cost produced the largest impact on the outcome. In addition, the cost-effectiveness probabilities of PC were 38.3%, 4.1%, and 100% in the three aforementioned countries, respectively. Conclusion: In the case of the Chinese payers’ perspective, PC appeared more dominant as first-line therapy for advanced GC/GEJC patients, whereas NC was preferred in the United States and United Kingdom.
Hyperoxic ventilatory response in infants is related to nocturnal hypoxaemia
Authors: Koucký Václav , Koucká Pavlína , Koucký Miroslav 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe carotid bodies primarily serve as oxaemia sensors that affect tidal breathing. Their function has not yet been studied in infants with nocturnal hypoxaemia. This cross-sectional study aimed to characterise the hyperoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in infants and its relationship to nocturnal hypoxaemia.MethodsThe HVR was analysed in term infants aged <24 months with childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD), those with severe recurrent wheezing (wheeze), and nonrespiratory controls. The HVR timing was characterised using hyperoxia response time (HRT1), and HVR magnitude was characterised by the relative change in minute volume between normoxia and 30-s hyperoxia (VE_dH30). Time spent with an arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) <90% during overnight monitoring (t90) was estimated.ResultsHVR data were available for 23 infants with chILD, 24 wheeze and 14 control infants. A significant decrease in minute volume under 30 s of hyperoxia was observed in all patients. HRT1 was shorter in chILD (5.6±1.2 s) and wheeze (5.9±1.5 s) groups than in the controls (12.6±5.5 s) (ANOVA p<0.001).VE_dH30 was increased in the chILD group (24.3±8.0%) compared with that in the controls (14.7±9.2%) (p=0.003).t90was abnormal in the wheeze (8.0±5.0%) and chILD (32.7±25.8%) groups and higher in the chILD group than in the controls (p<0.001). HRT1 negatively correlated witht90in all groups.ConclusionSignificant differences in HVR timing and magnitude were noted in the chILD, wheeze and control groups. A relationship between nocturnal hypoxaemia and HRT1 was proposed. HVR characterisation may help identify patients with abnormal nocturnalSpO2.