bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐infrared laser‐activated aggregation‐induced emission nanoparticles boost tumor carbonyl stress and immunotherapy of breast cancer
Authors: Pan You , Suo Meng , Huang Qinqin , Lyu Meng , Jiang Yi , Wang Shile , Tang Wenxue , Ning Shipeng , Zhang Tianfu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe induction of tumor carbonyl stress is reported to efficiently revert immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment and enhance cancer immunotherapy. However, low oxygen concentration due to inherent tumor hypoxia limits its catalytic effect. Herein, an injectable thermosensitive hydrogel system (named APH) is developed for co‐loading of near‐infrared (NIR) aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) nanoparticles and plasma amine oxidase (PAO) for boosting carbonyl stress and enhancing antitumor immunity. Upon 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, the AIE nanoparticles trigger a mild‐temperature (around 45°C) photothermal effect in the tumor site, which significantly relieves tumor hypoxia and promotes the catalytic effect of released PAO to inhibit the growth of Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells. Remarkably, the synergistic therapeutic effect of APH is verified through a significant inhibitory effect on the distant tumor, enhanced immune memory, and effective suppression of postoperative recurrence, rechallenge, and metastasis. Overall, the combined effect of AIE‐mediated photothermal therapy and carbonyl stress by APH upon NIR irradiation therapy can significantly activate cancer immunotherapy, making it a promising treatment approach for cancer treatment.
Dispersion behavior of liquid–liquid and gas–liquid two‐phase flow in micro‐packed beds
Authors: Zhang Jingwei , Xu Jianhong , Chen Zhuo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicro‐packed beds have the advantages of excellent heat and mass transfer efficiency and high safety, which have been successfully applied to hydrogenation and oxidation reactions. The dispersion behavior of multiphase flow is closely related to mass transfer and reaction performance. However, the study of dispersion law in micro‐packed beds is not sufficient. This work investigated the dispersion behavior of gas–liquid/liquid–liquid two‐phase flow in micro‐packed beds. The average size and distribution of droplets/bubbles were measured in different systems. Key parameters that affect the dispersion characteristics of the two phases were observed experimentally, including gas/liquid phase flow rate, size of the packing, and physical parameters of the systems. The experimental results showed that gas–liquid and liquid–liquid dispersion processes exhibited different characteristics due to the different physical parameters of liquid and gas as the dispersed phase. The fracture driving force of the gas–liquid process was mainly from the continuous liquid phase, while the fracture driving force of the liquid–liquid process came from both the dispersed phase and the continuous phase.
Mass transfer and electrochemical behavior of nitrate reduction to ammonia in electrocatalytic flow cell reactor
Authors: Lv Yang , Chen Jiahe , Bai Panwei , Xie Tao , Liu Jingjun , Ou Honghui , Yang Guidong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (e‐NITRR) process based on plasma has become a potential technology for commercial large‐scale green ammonia synthesis. This work emphasized the prominent influence of operating parameters on e‐NITRR through the combination of experiments and simulations in an electrocatalytic flow cell reactor. An integrated model was developed and the non‐linear functions between operating conditions and exchange current density were obtained by optimization fitting. The average relative error of experiments and simulations was <5%, which can provide solutions for the design of reactor structures and optimization of process parameters. Besides, the results also showed that the tandem steps of NO3− → NO2− and NO2− → NH3 were, respectively, controlled by mass transfer and electrochemical kinetics at low electrolyte flow rate, and this characteristic makes the increase in electrode dimensions have the opposite effect on the formation rate of NO2− and NH3.
Electrochemical Cyclization of α,β‐Alkynic Hydrazones and Primary Amines for the Synthesis of 3‐Alkynyltriazoles
Authors: Zhou Pengjuan , Li Hongjun , Jiang Rui , Wan Yaya , Hou Jing , Hong Yu , Tang Dong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn environmentally friendly iodine‐catalyzed electrochemical synthetic protocol has developed to access 3‐alkynyltriazoles through the cyclization of α,β‐alkynic hydrazones and primary amines. This reaction is carried out without the addition of electrolyte with excellent functional group tolerance in an undivided cell under mild conditions, affording substituted 3‐alkynyltriazoles with moderate to good yields. The gram scale reaction demonstrates the potential of this protocol in industrial synthesis.
Metamorphosis of a Commodity Plastic like PVC to Efficient Catalytic Single‐Chain Nanoparticles
Authors: Blazquez‐Martín Agustín , Verde‐Sesto Ester , Arbe Arantxa , Pomposo José A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe perform the conversion of a commodity plastic of common use in pipes, window frames, medical devices, flexible hoses, etc. like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to single‐chain nanoparticles (SCNPs). SCNPs are versatile, protein‐mimetic soft nano‐objects of growing interest for catalysis, sensing, and nanomedicine, among other uses. We demonstrate that the metamorphosis process ‐as induced through metal‐free click chemistry‐ leads to well‐defined, uniform SCNPs that are stable during storage in the solid state for months. All the conversion process (from PVC isolation to PVC‐SCNPs synthesis) can be run in a green, dipolar aprotic solvent and involving, when required, a simple mixture of ethanol and water (1/1 vol.) as non‐solvent. The resulting PVC‐SCNPs are investigated as recyclable, metalloenzyme‐mimetic catalysts for several representative Cu(II)‐catalyzed organic reactions. The method could be valid for the metamorphosis and valorization of other commodity plastics in which it is feasible to install azide functional groups in their linear polymer chains.
Characterization of starch biofilm reinforced with cellulose microfibers isolated from Musa Saba' midrib residue and its application as an active packaging film
Authors: Wahab Dayangku Nurshahirah Awang , Siddique Md. Bazlul Mobin , Chew Jiuan Jing , Su Hieng Tiong , Khairuddin Nozieana , Khaerudini Deni Shidqi , Hossain Md. Sohrab , Sunarso Jaka 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTwo main disadvantages of starch‐based biofilms are their low mechanical strength and high hydrophobicity. This work investigated incorporation of cellulose microfibers (CMF) with a range of CMF loading (i.e., 0, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% of CMF) as fillers to improve the mechanical properties of starch‐based biofilm. CMFs (average diameter = 75 μm) were isolated from midrib of Musa Saba' banana residue using chemical treatments of steam explosion alkaline treatment, acid‐chlorite treatment, and acid hydrolysis. The starch‐based biofilm showed improved tensile strength (32.5%), Young's Modulus (55.4%), opacity (23.7%), crystallinity (54.2%), and reduction in elongation (27%) with 1.0 wt% CMF loading compared with biofilm without CMF. The film's mechanical properties improvement is further supported by the even filler dispersion within the film matrix shown in field emission scanning electron microscope micrographs. Active packaging containing the antimicrobial compound of myricetin was incorporated into the 1.0 wt% CMF reinforced film to produce SC1M, which showed the fastest release of myricetin in 95% ethanol (fatty acid simulant), followed by 3% acetic acid (acidic simulant) and slowest in distilled water (aqueous simulant). CMF derived from banana midrib residue can be a viable bioreinforcement component for developing biofilms for fatty food packaging, which protects against humidity, oxygen, temperature, and light‐induced deterioration.
Facile preparation of novel type polymethyl methacrylate/CoFe2O4/BNNS composite cements and their caloric performance in alternating magnetic fields
Authors: Wang Jingxiang , Li Min , Liu Xunwei , Yu Jiangmin , Yang Dicheng , Yuan Chunping , Yin Xiaoying , Yan Yinan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMagnetic hyperthermia generated by functionalized bone cement is a promising approach to treat postosteocarcinoma cancer regeneration. However, it is crucial to minimize the magnetic field intensity using localized high‐caloric‐generating nanoparticles to avoid the potential hazards of electromagnetic field exposure to living organisms. Herein, in situ hydrothermally synthesized CoFe2O4 (CoFe) nanoparticles and boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS)–supported CoFe complexes (BNCoFe) are incorporated into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement to prepare a composite implant with high‐intensity magnetic–thermal performance and safety. The results show that the CoFe nanoparticles (size = ~70 nm) anchored on BNNS surfaces exhibit a maximum magnetic–thermal ablation temperature of ~42°C within 50 s under an alternating magnetic field of 400 KHz (field frequency) and 30 Oe (field intensity) in vitro. Furthermore, the incorporation of BNNSs into the PMMA matrix notably increases the thermal conductivity of PMMA from 0.07 to 0.25 W mK−1 and improves its mechanical properties (compressive strength increases from 74.0 ± 1.6 to 81.0 ± 1.0 MPa), which is attributed to the crystalline structure of BNNSs in the PMMA matrix. Inductively coupled plasma analysis shows a considerably reduced Co2+ ion release from PMMA/BNCoFe, indicating its potential as a safe implantation material for hyperthermia treatment.
Increased Diagnostic Accuracy of the Labial Gland Biopsy in Primary Sjögren Syndrome When Multiple Histopathological Features Are Included
Authors: van Ginkel Martha S. , Nakshbandi Uzma , Arends Suzanne , Haacke Erlin A. , Liefers Silvia C. , Verstappen Gwenny M. , van Nimwegen Jolien F. , Brouwer Elisabeth , Stel Alja J. , Spijkervet Fred K. L. , Vissink Arjan , Bootsma Hendrika , van der Vegt Bert , Kroese Frans G. M. 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the labial salivary gland biopsy based on multiple histopathological features in patients with suspected primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS).MethodsPatients from a diagnostic sicca cohort with clinically suspected pSS who underwent a labial gland biopsy were included. Patients were categorized as having pSS or non‐Sjögren syndrome sicca (non‐SS sicca) based on vignettes scored by an expert panel. Labial gland biopsies were analyzed for the presence of four histopathological features: focus score (FS) ≥1, prelymphoepithelial and lymphoepithelial lesions, immunoglobulin G plasma cell shift, and germinal centers. Sensitivity and specificity of histologic features were calculated, and the optimal cutoff value for the number of histopathological features needed to diagnose pSS was determined with receiver operating curve analysis.ResultsA total of 38 patients were categorized as having pSS and 65 as having non‐SS sicca. In labial gland biopsies of patients with pSS, the prevalence of FS ≥1 was 82%, followed by 68% for pre‐lymphoepithelial and lymphoepithelial lesions, 63% for plasma cell shift, and 24% for germinal centers. Although FS ≥1 showed the highest sensitivity for patients with pSS (82%), specificity was higher for the other three features (98%–100%). The presence of two or more (of four) histopathological features had almost comparable sensitivity to FS alone, but specificity increased with 12% to 100%. For fulfillment of American College of Rheumatology/EULAR criteria, specificity increased from 84% to 95% when an abnormal biopsy was defined by the presence of two or more histopathological features instead of FS ≥1 only.ConclusionThe diagnostic accuracy of the labial gland biopsy increases when other histopathological features besides FS are taken into account, by reducing the number of false‐positive biopsies.
Modeling in molecular genetics allows students to make connections between biological scales
Authors: Wilson Kristy J. , Chatterjee Allison K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudents often see college courses as the presentation of disconnected facts, especially in the life sciences. Student‐created Structure Mechanism/Relationship Function (SMRF) models were analyzed to understand students' abilities to make connections between genotype, phenotype, and evolution. Students were divided into two sections; one section received instructions that included a specific gene as an example related to larger issues like human disease or the environment. The other section was only given generic examples, like gene X and phenotype Y. Coding of exam models and a comprehensive (extensive) model reveled students were able to make links and work within and between biological scales of organization. Modeling provided a way to show and allow students to practice and demonstrate the ability to build step‐by‐step causal relationships that link ideas together. We also observed a small differing with students receiving the specific prompt performing better than students receiving generic prompt at the point in the semester where linking across many biological scales was required to be successful.
Impact of genomic testing on urologists' treatment preference in favorable risk prostate cancer: A randomized trial
Authors: Carbunaru Samuel , Sun Zequn , McCall Cordero , Ofori Bernice , Marshall Norma , Wang Heidy , Abern Michael , Liu Li , Hollowell Courtney M. P. , Sharifi Roohollah , Vidal Patricia , Kajdacsy‐Balla Andre , Sekosan Marin , Ferrer Karen , Wu Shoujin , Gallegos Marlene , Gann Peter H. , Moreira Daniel , Sharp Lisa K. , Ferrans Carol E. , Murphy Adam B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe Oncotype Dx Genomic Prostate Score (GPS) is a 17‐gene relative expression assay that predicts adverse pathology at prostatectomy. We conducted a novel randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of GPS on urologist's treatment preference for favorable risk prostate cancer (PCa): active surveillance versus active treatment (i.e., prostatectomy/radiation). This is a secondary endpoint from the ENACT trial which recruited from three Chicago hospitals from 2016 to 2019.MethodsTen urologists along with men with very low to favorable‐intermediate risk PCa were included in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to standardized counseling with or without GPS assay. The main outcome was urologists' preference for active treatment at Visit 2 by study arm (GPS versus Control). Multivariable best‐fit binary logistic regressions were constructed to identify factors independently associated with urologists' treatment preference.ResultsTwo hundred men (70% Black) were randomly assigned to either the Control (96) or GPS arm (104). At Visit 2, urologists' preference for prostatectomy/radiation almost doubled in the GPS arm to 29.3% (29) compared to 14.1% (13) in the Control arm (p = 0.01). Randomization to the GPS arm, intermediate NCCN risk level, and lower patient health literacy were predictors for urologists' preference for active treatment.DiscussionLimitations included sample size and number of urologists. In this study, we found that GPS testing reduced urologists' likelihood to prefer active surveillance.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate how obtaining prognostic biomarkers that predict negative outcomes before treatment decision‐making might influence urologists' preference for recommending aggressive therapy in men eligible for active surveillance.
Factors associated with diagnostic and pre‐treatment intervals among breast cancer patients attending care at the Uganda Cancer Institute: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Achan Jennifer , Kasujja Francis Xavier , Opito Ronald , Wabinga Henry , Orach Christopher Garimoi , Mwaka Amos Deogratius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundMost breast cancer (BC) patients in Uganda are diagnosed with advanced‐stage disease and experience poor outcomes. This study examined the diagnostic and pre‐treatment intervals and factors associated with these intervals among BC patients attending care at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI).MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional, facility‐based study. Data were collected using structured questionnaire administered by trained research assistants and analyzed using STATA version 14.0. Modified Poisson regressions models were used to determine the strength of associations between independent variables and diagnostic and pre‐treatment intervals.ResultsThe mean age (±SD) of the 401 participants was 47.1 ± 11.7 years. Four in 10 participants had stage III (41.9%; n = 168) and over a third (34.7%; n = 140) stage IV cancers. The median interval from first consultation to diagnosis, i.e. diagnostic interval (DI) was 5.6 months (IQR: 1.5–17.0), while the median interval from histological diagnosis to start of chemotherapy, i.e. pre‐treatment interval (PTI) was 1.7 months (IQR: 0.7–4.5). Majority (85%, n = 341) of participants were diagnosed at ≥3 months from first consultation with clinicians. Participants with tertiary education and those who lived within 100–199 km from the UCI were about four times and twice more likely to be diagnosed early (DI <3 months from first consultation) ([aPR = 3.88; 95% CI: 1.15–13.0] and [aPR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.06–4.55]), respectively. About half (48.3%; n = 176) of participants started chemotherapy within 1 month of cancer diagnosis. Patients who lived more than 300 km from the UCI were less likely to start chemotherapy within 1 month of histology diagnosis of cancer. [Correction added on October 17, 2023 after first online publication. The term ‘, i.e.‘ has been included in the results section in this version.]ConclusionMajority of breast cancer patients are diagnosed late and in advanced stages. There is need to promote all efforts toward timely diagnosis when cancers are still in early stages by identifying factors responsible for prolonged diagnostic intervals among breast cancer patients.
Disseminated perforating necrobiosis lipoidica: A case report and literature review
Authors: Saber Mina , Mohaghegh Fatemeh , Mohammadian Parisa 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageNecrobiosis lipoidica is a rare cutaneous granulomatous disease that mainly affects diabetic patients. The perforating type of the disease is an uncommon variant that is resistant to therapy and can be easily identified using dermoscopy.AbstractPerforating necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is a rare NL variant that primarily affects patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Dermoscopy helps to differentiate this type of disease. The disseminated form of perforating NL mainly occurs in the setting of DM. Here we present a case of disseminated perforating NL in a 24‐year‐old woman with type 1 DM.
Surgical management of extracranial internal carotid artery aneurysm—Case report and literature review
Authors: Jaha Luan , Ademi Bekim , Rudari Hajriz , Vokrri Lulzim , Gjikolli Bujar , Koshi Adhurim , Kuçi Astrit , Jaha Art 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageExtracranial internal carotid artery aneurysms (EICAAs) can lead to serious medical conditions, such as stroke or compression over cranial nerves. In very few cases, there may be hemorrhagic complications due to the rupture. Although rare, they should be suspected cause in every patient with transitory ischemic attack or stroke, especially in the presence of pain, palpable mass or bruit in the neck.AbstractExtracranial internal carotid artery aneurysms (EICAAs) are rare arterial aneurysms, with a prevalence of less than 1%. Although they are not common, these aneurysms can lead to serious medical conditions, such as stroke or compression over cranial nerves. In very few cases, there may be hemorrhagic complications due to the rupture of the aneurysm. This report presents a case of a successful surgical intervention for EICAA, and an overview of symptoms, risk factors, causes, diagnostic procedures, treatments, and potential postoperative complications. A 70‐year‐old Albanian lady had been experiencing pain due to a pulsating mass in her neck for many years. Physical examination did not reveal any signs of infection, injury, or previous surgery. A palpable thrill and a carotid bruit were detected over an evident pulsating mass on the left side of her neck. Her past medical history was consistent with three transitory ischemic attacks in recent months and a stroke 5 years earlier. Comorbidities included hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and long‐standing coronary artery disease. Imaging investigation in terms of ultrasound and CT‐scan confirmed the presence of an aneurysm of the proximal tract of the internal carotid artery measuring 42 × 31 mm. Surgery was indicated on symptomatic and anatomical grounds. The procedure was carried out under general anesthesia. After proximal and distal clamping, the aneurysm was excised followed by end‐to‐end anastomosis of the internal carotid artery. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged home on the fifth postoperative day. Despite the growing number of reported cases of successful endovascular treatment for internal carotid artery aneurysms, open surgery remains a safe and effective treatment option. However, it is crucial to provide customized treatment plans for each patient based on their individual characteristics and the particularities of their aneurysm.
A Physical Impedance Model of Lithium Intercalation into Graphite Electrodes for a Coin‐Cell Assembly
Authors: Yesilbas Göktug , Chou Chun‐Yu , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGraphite electrodes are widely used in commercial metal‐ion batteries as anodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy serves as one of the primary non‐destructive techniques to obtain key information about various batteries during their operation. However, interpretation of the impedance response of graphite electrodes in contact with common organic electrolytes can be complicated. It is especially challenging, particularly when utilizing the 2‐electrode configuration that is common in battery research. In this work, we elaborate on a physical impedance model capable of accurately describing the impedance spectra of a graphite|electrolyte|metallic Li system in a coin‐cell assembly during two initial charge/discharge cycles. We analyze the dependencies of the model parameters for graphite and metallic lithium as a function of the state of charge to verify the model. Additionally, we suggest that the double layer capacitance values obtained during specific intercalation stages could help to determine if the area‐normalized values align with the expected range. The data and the procedure necessary for calibration are provided.
NHC‐Stabilized Dialanes(4) of Al2Mes4
Authors: Werner Luis , Hagn Julika , Radius Udo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of novel N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) stabilized dialanes Al2Mes4 as well as first investigations concerning the reactivity of these compounds are reported. The synthesis of these compounds proceeds via the mesityl‐substituted alanes (NHC)⋅AlHMes2 (NHC=IMeMe{=1,3,4,5‐tetramethyl‐imidazolin‐2‐ylidene}, IiPrMe {=1,3‐di‐iso‐propyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazolin‐2‐ylidene}) and iodo‐alanes (NHC)⋅AlIMes2 (NHC=IMeMe, IiPrMe). Metallic reduction of (NHC)⋅AlIMes2 afforded the new NHC‐stabilized dialanes (NHC)2⋅Al2Mes4 (NHC=IMeMe, IiPrMe). The NHC‐ligated dialanes are thermally robust and storable synthons for the dialane Al2Mes4. First reactivity studies on (IMeMe)2⋅Al2Mes4 towards small molecules confirm this, as this compound shows controlled and selective reactions with several substrates. Reaction with CuCl leads to oxidation of the dialane and formation of (IMeMe)⋅AlClMes2, reactions with pyridine N‐oxide and tBu−N=C=S, respectively, gave the chalcogenide‐bridged dimers {(IMeMe)⋅AlMes2}2‐μ‐E (E=O, S), and reaction with acetylene afforded the dimetallaacetylide {(IMeMe)⋅AlMes2}2‐μ‐(C≡C).