bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Folic acid supplementation in women of childbearing age with epilepsy: No association with type or number of antiepileptic drugs
Authors: Gandelman‐Marton Revital , Theitler Jacques 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundFor over two decades, a daily folic acid (FA) supplementation has been recommended for women of childbearing age with epilepsy. This recommendation is based on evidence that FA administration before conception and during pregnancy can decrease the risk of fetal malformations in the general population, improve cognitive development, and reduce the risk of autistic traits in children exposed in utero to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate FA supplementation rate in nonpregnant women of childbearing age with epilepsy and its relation to AED type and number.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the computerized database and the medical records of all the women who had a first visit to our outpatient epilepsy clinic (Shamir‐Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel) during a 10‐year period (2012–2021).ResultsOnly 61 (22%) of 282 nonpregnant women of childbearing age with epilepsy treated with AEDs received FA supplementation. Ninety‐two (33%) of the women were treated with AED polytherapy, and 41 (15%) received valproic acid in monotherapy or polytherapy. FA supplementation rate was higher in women aged ≤40 versus >40 (25% vs. 8.5%) (p = .004). No correlation was found between FA supplementation and AED type or number.ConclusionsFA supplementation rate was low and was unaffected by AED treatment. Patient and physician‐targeted interventions should be implemented to increase FA prescription and patient adherence.
Melatonin protects Kir2.1 function in an oxidative stress‐related model of aging neuroglia
Authors: Remigante Alessia , Spinelli Sara , Zuccolini Paolo , Gavazzo Paola , Marino Angela , Pusch Michael , Morabito Rossana , Dossena Silvia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMelatonin is a pleiotropic biofactor and an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger and, as such, can be protective in oxidative stress‐related brain conditions including epilepsy and aging. To test the potential protective effect of melatonin on brain homeostasis and identify the corresponding molecular targets, we established a new model of oxidative stress‐related aging neuroglia represented by U‐87 MG cells exposed to D‐galactose (D‐Gal). This model was characterized by a substantial elevation of markers of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation. The function of the inward rectifying K+ channel Kir2.1, which was identified as the main Kir channel endogenously expressed in these cells, was dramatically impaired. Kir2.1 was unlikely a direct target of oxidative stress, but the loss of function resulted from a reduction of protein abundance, with no alterations in transcript levels and trafficking to the cell surface. Importantly, melatonin reverted these changes. All findings, including the melatonin antioxidant effect, were reproduced in heterologous expression systems. We conclude that the glial Kir2.1 can be a target of oxidative stress and further suggest that inhibition of its function might alter the extracellular K+ buffering in the brain, therefore contributing to neuronal hyperexcitability and epileptogenesis during aging. Melatonin can play a protective role in this context.
Antigen‐specific mRNA lipid nanoparticle platforms for the prevention and treatment of allergy and autoimmune diseases
Authors: Yim Emma Y. , Zhou Amanda C. , Yim Yvonne C. , Wang Xiang , Xia Tian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhile most nanomedicines primarily aim to stimulate the immune system against infections or tumors, there is a growing demand for inducing immune tolerance under certain conditions, such as allergic and autoimmune diseases. Researchers have explored nanotechnology‐based strategies to induce immune tolerance in a targeted and specific manner. One approach involves the use of nanoparticles (NPs) to encapsulate immunosuppressive drugs and/or antigens to educate naïve T cells and promote the generation of antigen‐specific regulatory T cells that inhibit immune responses. However, this approach has certain limitations. The hydrophobicity of proteins or peptides restricts the degree to which they can be encapsulated in NPs, which in turn, affects their loading efficiency and treatment efficacy. With the emergence of mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) platforms, there is the possibility of overcoming the limitations of protein and peptide encapsulation. To date, mRNA LNP systems have been shown to provide organ, cellular, and subcellular targeting for the induction of immune tolerance. This method of drug delivery is flexible and scalable that can be customized for a specific patient, resulting in an effective means of administering relevant proteins or epitopes to induce antigen‐specific immune tolerance. With continued research and development, this technology could offer a safer and more effective alternative to current therapies, ultimately improving the quality of life of patients worldwide.
Antinociceptive Effect of Dillenia indica (Linn.) Mediated by Opioid and Cannabinoid Systems: Pharmacological and Chemical Studies
Authors: de Souza Amanda Alvarenga , Dias Viegas Flávia Pereira , Gontijo Vanessa Silva , Vieira Domingues Jádina Santos , Giusti‐Paiva Alexandre , Vilela Fabiana Cardoso , da Silva Geraldo Alves , Amaral Juliano Geraldo , Lopes Norberto Peporine , Viegas Claudio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDillenia indica (Linn.) has been reported by several biological activities, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti‐hyperglycemic, antiproliferative, antimutagenic, anticholinesterase, and antimicrobial. In Brazilian traditional medicine, the fruits of D. indica have been used to treat general topical pain and inflammation, but with no scientific validation. Thus, aiming to study its chemical constitution and antinociceptive properties, the crude extract (CE) and fractions obtained from the fruits of D. indica were submitted to an in vivo pharmacological evaluation and a dereplication study by LC–MS/MS analysis, assisted by the Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS). The oral antinociceptive activity of the fruits of D. indica and the possible participation of the opioid and cannabinoid systems were demonstrated in the formalin‐induced nociception model. The chemical dereplication study led us to identify several known chemical constituents, including flavonoids, such as caffeoylmalic acid, naringenin, quercetin, and kaempferol. According to literature data, our results are compatible with significant antinociceptive and anti‐inflammatory activities. Therefore, the flavonoid constituents of the fruits of D. indica are probably responsible for its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antinociceptive effects mediated by both opioid and cannabinoid systems, confirming its folk use in the treatment and relief of pain.
Recent Progress of the Cathode Material Design for Aqueous Zn‐Organic Batteries
Authors: Bian Shuyang , Yang Yunting , Liu Shuo , Ye Fei , Tang Hongjian , Wu Yuping , Hu Linfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have emerged as the most promising candidate for large‐scale energy storage due to their inherent safety, environmental friendliness, and cost‐effectiveness. Simultaneously, the utilization of organic electrode materials with renewable resources, environmental compatibility, and diverse structures has sparked a surge in research and development of aqueous Zn‐organic batteries (ZOBs). A comprehensive review is warranted to systematically present recent advancements in design principles, synthesis techniques, energy storage mechanisms, and zinc‐ion storage performance of organic cathodes. In this review article, we comprehensively summarize the energy storage mechanisms employed by aqueous ZOBs. Subsequently, we categorize organic cathode materials into small‐molecule compounds and high‐molecular polymers respectively. Novel polymer materials such as conjugated polymers (CPs), conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are highlighted with an overview of molecular design strategies and structural optimization based on organic cathode materials aimed at enhancing the performance of aqueous ZOBs. Finally, we discuss the challenges faced by aqueous ZOBs along with future prospects to offer insights into their practical applications.
Synthesis and Antiproliferative Evaluation of d‐Glucuronamide‐Based Nucleosides and (Triazolyl)methyl Amide‐Linked Pseudodisaccharide Nucleosides**
Authors: Moreira Tânia , Manuel Domingos M. , Rosa Joana , Nunes Rafael Santana , Vojáčková Veronika , Jorda Radek , Oliveira M. Conceição , Xavier Nuno M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of novel d‐glucopyranuronamide‐containing nucleosides is described. Based on our previously reported anticancer d‐glucuronamide‐based nucleosides, new analogues comprising N/O‐dodecyl or N‐propargyl substituents at the glucuronamide unit and anomerically‐N‐linked 2‐acetamido‐6‐chloropurine, 6‐chloropurine or 4‐(6‐chloropurinyl)methyl triazole motifs were synthesized in 4–6 steps starting from acetonide‐protected glucofuranurono‐6,3‐lactone. The methodologies were based on the access to N‐substituted glycopyranuronamide precursors, namely 1,2‐O‐acetyl derivatives or glucuronoamidyl azides for further nucleobase N‐glycosylation or 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with N9‐ and N7‐propargyl‐6‐chloropurines, respectively. N‐Propargyl glucuronamide‐based N9‐purine nucleosides were converted into (triazolyl)methyl amide‐6,6‐linked pseudodisaccharide nucleosides via cycloaddition with methyl 6‐azido‐glucopyranoside. A CuI/Amberlyst A‐21 catalytic system employed in the cycloaddition reactions also effected conversion into 6‐dimethylaminopurine nucleosides. Antiproliferative evaluation in chronic myeloid leukemia (K562) and breast cancer (MCF‐7) cells revealed significant effects exhibited by the synthesized monododecylated purine‐containing nucleosides. A N‐propargyl 3‐O‐dodecyl glucuronamide derivative comprising a N9‐β‐linked 6‐chloropurine moiety was the most active compound against MCF‐7 cells (GI50=11.9 μM) while a related α‐(purinyl)methyltriazole nucleoside comprising a N7‐linked 6‐chloropurine moiety exhibited the highest activity against K562 cells (GI50=8.0 μM). Flow cytometry and immunoblotting analysis of apoptosis‐related proteins in K562 cells treated with the N‐propargyl 3‐O‐dodecyl glucuronamide‐based N9‐linked 6‐chloropurine nucleoside indicated that it acts via apoptosis induction.
Organic Fluorophores with Large Stokes Shift for Bioimaging and Biosensing
Authors: Liu Hong , Jiang Gangwei , Ke Guoliang , Ren Tian‐Bing , Yuan Lin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFluorophores and fluorophores‐based probes or labels can visualize the structures and content fluctuations of biomolecules, and have made great progress in the broad range of biomedicine fields. However, many commercially available fluorophores suffer from small Stokes shift, which results in insufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio and self‐quenching in advanced imaging techniques. Moreover, the small Stokes shift also hinders the application of fluorophores in some complex imaging, such as single‐excitation multicolor imaging. In the past two decades, many effects have been made to enlarge Stokes shift of fluorophores. In this review, we clarified the reasons for the small Stokes shift building on the structural analysis of fluorophores, systematically summarize the methods of structural modification to increase Stokes shift, and present some representative applications of fluorophores with large Stokes shift in imaging and sensing.
“Our children”: Moral panic associated with children and collective violence against the Jews in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War in Poland
Authors: Krzyzanowski Lukasz , Zaremba Marcin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBetween 1945 and 1946, Poland witnessed three large anti‐Jewish pogroms. The infamous Kielce pogrom of July 4, 1946, which claimed the lives of over 40 Holocaust survivors was preceded by outbursts of collective violence in Rzeszów and in Kraków. All three pogroms were perpetrated by police officers, soldiers of the Polish army, and civilians forming a pogrom mob, and all were preceded and inflamed by rumors about Jews kidnapping and harming Christian children. Studies of widespread antisemitism and the common belief in blood libel do not seem to offer an adequate explanation of how the people of Rzeszów, Kraków, and Kielce could have believed the rumors that Jews were abducting and murdering children. They explain even less what made possible the social mobilization leading toward mass violence against Holocaust survivors in Poland in the immediate aftermath of WWII. We address this issue by using the concept of moral panic as proposed by Erich Goode and Nachman Ben‐Yehuda and examining possible reasons why Polish society after the WWII seems to have been particularly attuned to the fate of children. We argue that in the early postwar years there was a moral panic in Poland associated with the vulnerability of children. It was propelled by wartime experience but also by omnipresent violence and hideous crimes committed against children in the wake of WWII. Although there was no fact‐based connection between these crimes and the Jews, many Polish Christians eagerly put the blame on “the Other,” that is, the Jews, and sought facts that could serve as confirmation of an old prejudice—the blood libel. Polish Christians who accepted the blood libel as truth could have found confirmation of their belief when Jewish relatives or Jewish organizations undertook to “recover”—through legal procedures, by payment, by subterfuge or by force—children who had been hidden in Christian families during the Holocaust.
Evaluating breeding for broad versus narrow adaptation for cassava in Nigeria using stochastic simulation
Authors: Bakare Moshood A. , Kayondo Siraj Ismail , Kulakow Peter , Rabbi Ismail Yusuf , Jannink Jean‐Luc 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) breeding program at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) has adopted genomic selection to accelerate genetic gain. The program continues to develop varieties broadly adapted across Nigeria's diverse agroclimatic zones. However, for this purpose, genotype‐by‐environment interaction (GEI) presents a challenge. To decide whether broad adaptation breeding is a good strategy, we evaluated broad versus narrow adaptation strategies using stochastic simulation, assessing genetic gain, genetic variance, heritability, and selection accuracy at 0 versus realistic levels of GEI variance. To parameterize the models, we analyzed historical data from four phenotypic evaluation stages of the IITA breeding program to estimate genetic and error variances, and genetic correlations across environments. Based on these observed parameters, the genomic‐enabled breeding programs exhibited higher genetic gain than the conventional program for both GEI variances. At realistic GEI variance, the narrow adaptation program showed higher genetic gain than the broad adaptation program. Across all programs, the genetic variance declined over time, though the genomic‐enabled programs showed higher initial variance due to the selection of parents at earlier stages. At realistic GEI variance, an increase in genetic variance was observed in the narrow adaptation program due to its conversion of GEI between mega‐environments into main genetic variance within mega‐environments. This higher genetic variance led to higher heritabilities and selection accuracies. This study highlights the potential of genomic selection in accelerating genetic gain and suggests that dividing the IITA cassava breeding program to target more than one mega‐environment should be considered.
Manganese Complex Catalyzed Sequential Multi‐component Reaction: Enroute to a Quinoline‐Derived Azafluorenes
Authors: Mondal Avijit , Pal Debjyoti , Phukan Hirak Jyoti , Roy Mithu , Kumar Saurabh , Purkayastha Siddhartha , Guha Ankur Kanti , Srimani Dipankar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe development of innovative synthetic strategies for constructing complex molecular structures is the heart of organic chemistry. This significance of novel reactions or reaction sequences would further enhance if they permitted the synthesis of new classes of structural motifs, which have not been previously created. The research on the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds is one of the most active topics in organic chemistry due to the widespread application of N‐heterocycles in life and material science. The development of a new catalytic process that employs first‐row transition metals to produce a range of heterocycles from renewable raw materials is considered highly sustainable approach. This would be more advantageous if done in an eco‐friendly and atom‐efficient manner. Herein we introduce, the synthesis of various new quinoline based azafluorenes via sequential dehydrogenative multicomponent reaction (MCR) followed by C(sp3)−H hydroxylation and annulation. Our newly developed, Mn‐complexes have the ability to direct the reaction in order to achieve a high amount of desired functionalized heterocycles while minimizing the possibility of multiple side reactions. We also performed a series of control experiments, hydride trapping experiments, reaction kinetics, catalytic intermediate and DFT studies to comprehend the detailed reaction route and the catalyst‘s function in the MCR sequence.
A MOSFET EMC modeling method based on electrical characteristic measurement and simplex optimization and particle swarm optimization
Authors: Pan Zeyu , Liu Ying , Ren Dan , Zhao Xuan , Yang Jinsheng , Nie Bao‐Lin , Du Pingan 
Published: December 2023

SummaryMetal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are widely used in various power electronic systems, and the establishment of the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) model for MOSFETs is crucial for EMC analysis of these systems, especially high‐frequency switching circuits. In this paper, a MOSFET EMC modeling method is proposed based on electrical characteristic measurement, simplex optimization, and particle swarm optimization (PSO), to make MOSFET models meet both functionality and EMC analysis requirements. First, systematic methods for extracting SPICE parameters based on physical MOSFETs are presented, including a proposed curve‐fitting method based on PSO for extracting the CDS‐VDS and ID‐VGS characteristic parameters. Second, parametric influence analyses are conducted on some important model parameters, and the law that these parameters affect the EMC of MOSFETs is obtained. Finally, the preliminary MOSFET model was optimized comprehensively using the simplex method. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement in both time domain and frequency domain. It proves that the established model meets the requirements for model accuracy in terms of both EMC and functionality. Therefore, the proposed EMC modeling method is feasible.
PD‐L1 expression in fine‐needle aspiration cell blocks of head and neck squamous‐cell carcinoma and its cytohistological concordance
Authors: Lou Sandy Si Kei , Ruff Heather , MacDonald Scott , Smith Stephen M. , Cheung Carol C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPD‐L1 immunoexpression in head and neck squamous‐cell carcinoma (HNSCC) determines immunotherapy eligibility. Patients are often diagnosed using fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of metastatic lymph nodes, however, the cytohistologic correlation of the combined positive score (CPS) is largely unknown.MethodsThis study retrospectively identified 96 paired histologic (HS) and cytologic specimens (CyS), between 2016 and 2020, diagnosed with HNSCC. Cases with <100 tumor cells (n = 54) or missing block(s) (n = 8) were excluded. All 34 case pairs were scored with CPS using the PD‐L1 22C3 pharmDx assay at clinically relevant cut‐offs of <1%, 1%–19%, and ≥20% independently by three observers blinded to the case pairs (CyS with corresponding HS).ResultsThe CPS (<1/1–19/≥20) for CyS and HS were as follows: 10(29.4%)/10(29.4%)/14(41.2%) and 2(5.9%)/13(38.2%)/19(55.9%), respectively. There was fair overall cytohistologic agreement (OA) of 76.5% (k = 0.261) at the CPS cut‐off of 1. The OA did not differ significantly between site‐matched (n = 13) and ‐unmatched (n = 21) case pairs (p = .4653). CyS has a specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% but a negative predictive value (NPV) of only 20% as compared to its paired HS.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates fair CPS cytohistologic correlation in HNSCC specimens using the PD‐L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay with high PPV but low NPV. This suggest that determining PD‐L1 status in FNA specimens can play an important role in the clinical management of HNSCC patients.
Emotion dysregulation and reward responsiveness as predictors of autonomic reactivity to an infant cry task among substance‐using pregnant and postpartum women
Authors: Bounoua Nadia , Tabachnick Alexandra R. , Eiden Rina D. , Labella Madelyn H. , Dozier Mary 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMaternal substance use may interfere with optimal parenting, lowering maternal responsiveness during interactions with their children. Previous work has identified maternal autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity to parenting‐relevant stressors as a promising indicator of real‐world parenting behaviors. However, less is known about the extent to which individual differences in emotion dysregulation and reward processing, two mechanisms of substance use, relate to maternal ANS reactivity in substance‐using populations. The current study examined associations among emotion dysregulation, reward responsiveness, and ANS reactivity to an infant cry task among 77 low‐income and substance‐using women who were either pregnant (n = 63) or postpartum (n = 14). Two indicators of ANS functioning were collected during a 9 min computerized infant cry task (Crybaby task): respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and pre‐ejection period. Mothers also completed self‐reported measures of emotion dysregulation and reward responsiveness. Analyses revealed that trait emotion regulation was associated with RSA reactivity to the Crybaby task, such that greater emotion dysregulation was associated with greater RSA reduction during the infant cry task than lower emotion dysregulation. Reward responsiveness was not significantly associated with either indicator of ANS reactivity to the task. Findings revealed distinct patterns of associations linking emotion dysregulation with ANS reactivity during a parenting‐related computerized task, suggesting that emotion regulation may be a key intervention target for substance‐using mothers.