bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activities of ethanol-extract of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) on Completed Freund's Adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice
Authors: Fajrin Fifteen Aprila , Khasanah Putri Robiatul , Mikailla Yokta Esa , Holidah Diana , Dewi Ika Puspita 
Published: October 2023

Background: Red ginger has been known to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic potency.
Objective: This study aimed to analyse the ethanolic extract of red ginger (EERG) in mice's arthritis model induced by Completed Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA).
Method: Red ginger was extracted using ethanol 96%. Arthritis mice (n = 25) were injected with CFA i.p., and sham mice (n = 5) were injected with normal saline. On day seven, mice were divided into six groups: sham, CFA, gabapentin 100 mg/kg BW, and EERG (dose 200; 400; 600 mg/kg BW). Treatments were administered orally once a day for seven days. Latency time and plantar thickness were measured on days zero, one, three, five, seven, eight, ten, twelve, and fourteen. On day 15, the mice were sacrificed, and the blood and spinal cords were collected. The haematology profiles were determined.
Result: The EERG significantly prolonged the latency time towards thermal stimulus and decreased plantar thickness in arthritis mice, the same as gabapentin which served as the control. The EERG also reduced the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils, and improved the morphology of the spinal cord's dorsal horn of arthritis mice.
Conclusion: The EERG of 400 mg/kg BW significantly affects arthritis-induced hyperalgesia.
Regulations of the distribution of pharmaceutical services (pharmacies) locations in Indonesia: A review
Authors: Catur Dian Setiawan  , Wibowo Arief , Athiyah Umi 
Published: October 2023

Background: Regulations for managing the distribution of pharmacies have been established in several countries, including Indonesia. The guidelines for establishing pharmacies have been published at some levels of government. However, the location of pharmacies in Indonesia is still uneven.
Objective: to observe the regulations for determining the location of pharmacies in Indonesia
Method: This paper documents several rules issued by the government, food and drug regulatory agencies, and pharmacists’ professional organisations that are related to the distribution of pharmacies in Indonesia.
Result: There were no specific regulations governing the location of pharmacy distribution in Indonesia. Elaboration of laws about location distribution only regulates environmental waste management.
Conclusion: The three factors that make it possible to improve the accessibility of pharmacies in Indonesia are 1) regulation of pharmacy ownership; 2) space between pharmacies; and 3) incentives for pharmacies in remote areas
Assessment of the phytochemicals and anthelminthic activities of Adiantum raddianum and Kibatalia arborea extracts
Authors: Ghita Yogisuari  , Rocky Fahriar Reza  , Lailia Nur Rachma  , Tri Yudani Mardining Raras  , Antonius Nugraha Widhi Pratama  , Ari Satia Nugraha  , Bawon Triatmoko  
Published: October 2023

Background: A limited spectrum and inappropriate use of anthelmintics lead to anthelmintic resistance. Among Indonesian medicinal plants, Adiantum raddianum (Suplir) and Kibatalia arborea (Jelutong Pipit) have shown antihelmintic properties.
Objective: To reveal the anthelmintic activity as preliminary screening of A. raddianum and K. arborea leaves.
Method: This study used the antihelmintic microdilution test towards methanol extracts at 500 µg/mL. The mortality of Caenorhabditis elegans expresses the presence of anthelmintic activity. Phytochemical screening was determined using thin-layer chromatography.
Result: The methanol extracts of both extracts had anthelmintic activity with mortality values of 14.941% and 15.134%, respectively. Both extracts contain polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids found only in K. arborea.
Conclusion: This study reveals that the methanol extract of A. raddianum and K. arborea leaves have anthelmintic activity, which could be related to the findings of phytochemical constituents.
Terpenoids from Euphorbiaceae as a source of antimalarial medicines: A literature review
Authors: Ekasari Wiwied , Mahardiani Anisah , Putri Nindya Tresiana 
Published: October 2023

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite and transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. Plasmodium falciparum is a parasite that causes the most deaths. Currently, there is resistance to various antimalarial drugs. For this reason, it is necessary to search for new antimalarial agents. Medicinal plants have been shown to play an important role in treating malaria for thousands of years. Some of Euphorbiaceae family plants contains terpenoid compounds, which are compounds with antimalarial activity.
Objective: The present review aims to provide an overview of the terpenoid compounds from Euphorbiaceae family as an antimalarial.
Method: Comprehensive information on Euphorbiaceae family from 2002-2022 was searched for literature relevant to major science-based data, including Scopus, Science, ScienceDirect, Pubmed, and SciFinder, using appropriate keyword combinations.
Result: A total of 15 papers were included in this review. The terpenoids isolated from 14 species of Euphorbiaceae family and reported to possess antimalarial activity are presented.
Conclusion: Terpenoids are found in almost all parts of Euphorbiaceae family plants and are reported to have moderate to high antimalarial activity. Screening of antimalarial terpenoid activity in Ephorbiaceae family plants can be a key step in the source and development of new antimalarial drugs.
An analysis of the Michaelis-Menten pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in epileptic Indonesian adults
Authors: Sumarno  , Kurnia Kusumastuti  , Junaidi Khotib  
Published: October 2023

Background: Phenytoin metabolism has been shown to vary in different ethnic groups. Therefore, the authors studied phenytoin pharmacokinetics in Indonesian adult patients with epilepsy.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine and analyse the pharmacokinetic parameters of Michaelis Menten Vmax (maximum velocity) and Km (the Michaelis constant) of phenytoin in adult epileptic patients.
Method: Twelve adult epileptic patients were chosen on the basis that they had two reliable steady-state phenytoin serum levels at two different daily doses and they required an additional adjustment of phenytoin dosage monotherapy.
Result: The Vmax and Km values for adult epileptic patients respectively, ranged from 3.78 to 9.65 mg/kg/day and from 0.71 to 5.58 mg/L and there was no correlation with age and weight (p > 0.05). The Vmax and Km values have shown individual variability.
Conclusion: The optimal adjustment of phenytoin dose individually in adult epileptic patients based on Vmax and Km parameters needs to be done to get the desired steady-state level according to the clinical response.
The relationship of body mass index and T score in healthy and knee osteoarthritis women
Authors: Achmad Anisyah , Suharjono  , Soeroso Joewono , Suprapti Budi , Siswandono  , Pristianty Liza , Rahmadi Mahardian , Nugraha Jusak , Surya Yoki , Isma Satria Pandu Persada , Rahadiansyah Erreza , Fahmi Ilmia , Wilujeng Catur Saptaning 
Published: October 2023

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, degenerative, slowly progressive disease common in women with multiple aetiology. Osteoarthritis occurs simultaneously with the reduction in bone mineral density (BMD)while a high bone mass index (BMI) value is one of the risk factors for OA.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of BMI and BMD in healthy and knee OA women.
Method: The study was conducted in an orthopaedic outpatient clinic in 2021. This is a quantitative descriptive study with accidental cross-sectional samplings. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyse the data.
Result: Subjects included in the inclusion criteria obtained 74 OA and 49 control groups. The largest subjects in the OA group were aged 56-65 years old (32, 43.24%), obese (51, 68.92%), and post-menopause (49, 66.22%). At the same time, the T score category was normal (14, 18.91%), osteopenia (22, 29.73%), and osteoporosis (38, 51.35%). Statistical analysis found a significant relationship between BMI and BMD (p = 0.002, p = 0.001) in controls and OA groups.
Conclusion: Disorders of BMI and BMD are indicators of risk for OA. High BMI and low BMD values occur in women with knee OA. There is a relationship between BMI and BMD in healthy and knee OA women.
Profile of the management of pharmaceutical products and medical consumables at primary healthcare centres in North Toraja district
Authors: Impa Elson , Nita Yunita , Priyandani Yuni 
Published: October 2023

Background: The management of pharmaceutical products and medical consumables in primary healthcare centres (PHCs)should be efficient, effective, and rational. Management is one of the competencies of pharmacists.
Objective: This study aimed to describe the management profile of pharmaceutical products and medical consumables at primary healthcare centres in the North Toraja district.
Method: This cross-sectional study used a questionnaire to collect data. The indicator for managing pharmaceutical products and medical consumables was based on technical guidelines for pharmaceutical service standards at primary healthcare centres issued by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2019. Research variables were planning, procurement, receipt, storage, distribution, disposal and recall, control, and administration. The sample consisted of all 28 PHCs in the North Toraja district.
Results: The results from 27 PHCs showed that the management of pharmaceutical products and medical consumables consisted of planning (72.62%), procurement (66.06%), receipt (83.07%), storage (61.47%), distribution (66.69%), disposal and recall (33.84%), control (56.74%), and administration (62.36%).
Conclusion: Managing pharmaceutical products and medical consumables at PHCs in the North Toraja district did not fully comply with pharmaceutical service standards.
Effect of Allopurinol administration on the uric acid level and kidney function in paediatrics with tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) and high-risk TLS
Authors: Yulistiani  , Kharismawati Indira Dhany , Ugrasena I Dewa Gede , Qibtiyah Mariyatul 
Published: October 2023

Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening oncologic emergency because of the release of tumour cell components such as uric acid, which can lead to hyperuricemia and acute kidney injury (AKI).
Objective: To analyse serum uric acid, creatinine, and BUN levels pre- and post-allopurinol administration.
Method: This study was a prospective observational study conducted from March to July 2020. Inclusion criteria were haematological malignancies in paediatric patients with TLS and high-risk TLS who received allopurinol 10 mg/kg/day in 2-3 divided doses. Collected data were the serum uric acid, creatinine, and BUN levels pre- and post-allopurinol administration.
Result: There were 14 sample in total during the study. There was a significant difference in uric acid level on day six after allopurinol administration compared to baseline in patients with high-risk TLS (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Allopurinol was inadequate in reducing uric acid levels in TLS patients but adequate in reducing uric acid levels in patients with high-risk TLS.
Role of work engagement in behavioural intention to use electronic medical records: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Faida Eka Wilda , Wahyuni Titin , Sutha Diah Wijayanti , Muhadi  , Elisanti Alinea Dwi 
Published: October 2023

Background: In this era of a rapidly advancing technological landscape, the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) has increased the awareness of health services on the importance of the roles of workers in utilising information technology.
Objective: To analyse the factors influencing behavioural intention in the EMR system by adding the work engagement factor as an exogenous variable based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) theoretical framework.
Method: This cross-sectional study enrolled a sample of 195 participants from a population of 390 medical students. Data analysis used structural models with multivariate structural equation modelling.
Results: Facilitating conditions (t-statistic=3.154; p=0.0001), performance expectancy (t-statistic=2.983, p=0.003), and work engagement (t-statistic=4.998, p=0.0001) had an effect on the behavioural intention, while effort expectancy (t-statistic=0.779, p=0.436) and social influence (t-statistic=0.266, p=0.790) did not affect the behavioural intention.
Conclusion: Performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, and work engagement could affect behavioural intention by R²=74%. Work engagement had the strongest effect among other exogenous variables.
Perlindungan Hukum Data Pribadi Konsumen Terhadap Pelaku Usaha Jasa Keuangan
Authors: Hiariej Gian Chelvanno , Berlianty Teng , Pariela Marselo Valentino Geovani 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Financial services businesses use personal data in the form of consumer telephone numbers as information and communication to enable the distribution of data and information on financial products, in this case such as credit offers and/or service offers, quickly and directly with consumers or potential consumers.Purposes of the Research: (1.) To know and understand the legal protection of consumers regarding the personal data used. (2.) How is the application of the principle of rights in Consumer Personal Data Law to Financial Financing Service Business Actor.Methods of the Research: The author uses normative juridical law research which obtains data from literature studies in the form of laws, documents, books, magazines and other literature related to writing. Results of the Research: The application of the principle of the right to confidentiality, the right to security and the right to comfort in relation to the consumer's personal data, there are still errors or violations in implementing these principles by business actors or employees of the service business actors. The application in making offers by business actors is wrong, causing consumer discomfort. Which is the real purpose of the consumer protection law and the rules regarding consumer protection in the financial services sector issued by the OJK aimed at protecting consumer rights, one of which is the right to comfort. In SEOJK 12/2014, it is clear that financial services business actors are prohibited from contacting consumers to promote or offer a product through personal communication without any request and approval from consumers.
Implementasi ice breaking sebagai pematik motivasi belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran
Authors: Haryati Fini Dwi , Puspitaningrum Diah 
Published: October 2023

Para peserta didik sering kali mengalami kejenuhan selama proses belajar mengajar. Ini adalah hal yang biasa terjadi, terutama karena mereka masih dalam usia bermain. Oleh karena itu, guru perlu mempelajari metode Ice breaking. Ice breaking adalah strategi yang digunakan untuk menghangatkan suasana agar tercipta kondisi yang lebih kondusif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami implementasi Ice breaking, manfaatnya, dan hubungannya dengan minat peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian yang terdiri dari peserta didik di dalam kelas. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat beberapa temuan penting. Pertama, Ice breaking dapat digunakan di semua mata pelajaran, termasuk pendidikan nonformal. Ice breaking dapat digabungkan dengan model pembelajaran cooperative script dan model pembelajaran lainnya. Kedua, penerapan Ice breaking dapat meningkatkan minat belajar dan motivasi siswa. Ketiga, manfaat dari penerapan Ice breaking adalah menghilangkan kejenuhan, kebosanan, dan rasa mengantuk. Selain itu, Ice breaking dapat dilakukan oleh siapa saja tanpa perlu memiliki keterampilan khusus.
Towards Cryptocurrency Adoption in Tanzania: Potential Risks and Challenges to the Financial Ecosystem
Authors: Hamidu Kirumirah Mubarack , Pastory Dickson , Massi Jane , Mrindoko Allen 
Published: October 2023

The emergence of cryptocurrency financial technology in the world has introduced new global cashless payment system. Researchers, scholars, jurisdictions, central banks and governments all over the world has put much attention in this payment technology. Despite the enormous benefits of cryptocurrency, it has been associated with several risks and challenges including high price volatility, security vulnerabilities and the illegal activities such as money laundering, terrorist financing, corruption and fraud. Moreover, the level of acceptance and adoption of this currency is questionable among the public and especially in the financial sector. This study uses the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), to assess the level of adoption, anticipated risks and challenges. The study used the mixed research design with a qualitative embedded design. The study collected data from 100 respondents obtained through convenient sampling approach. Respondents were sampled from BOT and Commercial banks based in Dar Es Salaam, Cryptocurrency traders among others. Data were analysed by the use of descriptive (quantitative data) and content analysis (qualitative data). Findings reveal that, the rate and intention of adopting cryptocurrency is very low because of ICT related challenges. It was further revealed that in Tanzania, volatility of the currency, security problems and awareness among customers are anticipated challenges. Moreover, it was revealed that because of regulatory landscape and its connection to security threats the public considers cryptocurrency to have several challenges. The study concludes that the rate and intention to adopt cryptocurrency is still low in Tanzania and recommends the government and other financial institutions in the financial sector to set facilitating environment for cryptocurrency because it is a technology that is taking over in the finance sector in the near future.
Batch: Craft, Design and Product
Authors: Tanner Andrew 
Published: October 2023

This is a glamorous coffee table book covering the work of the international designer, maker and craftsperson. Batch showcases the cream of the contemporary craft world crossing different disciplines in design including; furniture, surface design and decoration, glass, ceramics, textiles, precious metals and multidiscipline design. Designers and craftspeople are pushing the boundaries and concept of craft, creating batches of work which emphasise the skill behind the object. These high-end craft objects are sold through design boutiques, galleries and department stores and they are produced by designers and makers successfully carving our lifestyle trends. In a retail environment where product design is becoming a cloned marketplace, Batch celebrates those products which have a story behind them and which have a high level of care and finish, which make them stand out in the crowd. The book presents the work through interviews with both national and international designers who explain the ideas and concepts behind their work, how they got started and how they have developed their businesses.
The book also includes practical information in the 'Behind the Scenes' chapter on running a small business, liaising with manufacturers, dealing with press, setting up exhibitions, sourcing commissions and marketing. And when you are ready to start shopping, it also offers a shop guide compiled by the designers themselves. This book will not only appeal to makers for both visual interest and practical information but also to the buyers, collectors and admirers of contemporary craft and designers.
Developing glazes
Authors: Daly Greg 
Published: October 2023

A comprehensive and practical guide to developing, testing, applying and firing your own glazes.
Developing your own glazes can be tricky as success is dependent on many factors. In this book, ceramicist Greg Daly demystifies the process for you with practical advice and complete step-by-step instructions for testing glazes and experimenting with ingredients. He covers all the essentials, from methods for planning, creating and testing recipes and systematically recording test results, to mixing glazes and finding the correct firing temperature. This hands-on technical guidance is supported with helpful how-to images, and variations on hundreds of recipes to get you started.
For any potter beginning to experiment with fired colour, texture and decoration, Developing Glazes is an essential reference revealing workable and exciting methods for achieving the glaze results you want.
New Technologies in Glass
Authors: Cutler Vanessa 
Published: October 2023

The world of the glass artist is changing. Emerging technology for the cutting, engraving, and printing of glass is opening doors for those who want to work more quickly, more accurately, at larger scales and in multiples, and is stretching the boundaries of innovation.
Profiling the latest technology, Vanessa Cutler gives an artist's perspective on new techniques, machinery and software in glass. Using straightforward language, she introduces the digital tools that are becoming an essential part of an artist's toolkit, and describes the application of new technologies, from cutting and engraving machinery to rapid prototyping. These practical essentials are illuminated by the work of contemporary glass artists, who are using these technologies to remarkable effect.
New Technologies in Glass is a vital text for any glass artist wishing to expand their toolkit and challenge the possibilities of the medium.
Ceramics and print
Authors: Scott Paul 
Published: October 2023

This updated third edition explores new techniques in digital and 3D printing, as well as refreshing older techniques such as mono-printing.
Printing has become a common part of the ceramic artist's practice and today there are more possibilities than ever before. From low-tech mono-prints to digital laser decal, it is now possible to employ a range of techniques to print on clay and vitreous surfaces. With the ongoing advancement of new technologies and more developed studio-based transfer processes artists continue to push the boundaries of the medium.
In this comprehensive update of his popular Ceramics Handbook title, Paul Scott explains the historical context for contemporary printed ceramics before explaining the principles of core techniques and their application in the studio. He explores photographic processes, as well as the new opportunities presented by digital technology, including digital and 3D printing.
Illustrated with brand new images of beautiful works by leading artists working in printed ceramics, Ceramics and Print is a must-read guide for artists and makers interested in this ever-developing field.
Firing kilns
Authors: Brierley Benedict 
Published: October 2023

The range of extraordinary effects that can be achieved in a kiln is infinite. However, the technical requirements of different firing processes and equipment can often seem intimidating, particularly for those new to ceramics, and this can limit artists’ confidence to explore and experiment.
In Firing Kilns, wood-fire potter Benedict Brierley demystifies the firing process, explaining key methods and effects in simple, straightforward language. Beginning with the basic principles, including heatwork, firing schedules and cones, the book goes on to cover the various types of kilns and kiln packing, oxidation and reduction firing, and then special firing methods such as salt, soda, wood, pit, smoke and raku. Finally, it covers common firing faults and how these can be avoided to achieve consistent, successful results.
Firing Kilns is a comprehensive handbook for anyone new to firing their work or for established ceramicists wishing to experiment with different firing effects.