bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of transethosomes in therapeutic delivery: A comprehensive review
Authors: Chowdary Pavani , Padmakumar Ananya , Rengan Aravind Kumar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe growing need for innovative drug delivery systems has led to extensive research to address the limitations associated with conventional dosage forms. Lipid nanoparticles have become prominent as frontline nanocarriers for the delivery of drugs and vaccine formulations. However, the pursuit of new materials and modifications to improve lipid nanocarrier properties remains ongoing. In this context, transethosomes have gained attention as a promising solution, offering distinct advantages over traditional formulations. Transethosomes minimize plasma fluctuations, first‐pass metabolism, organ toxicity, and poor bioavailability. This comprehensive review provides an in‐depth exploration of transethosomes, starting with an overview of the impact of formulation components on their properties and effective targeting. This article delves into the production techniques and evaluation properties employed to ensure efficient drug delivery. A significant contribution of this review lies in the analysis of various routes of administration for transethosomes, including transdermal, transvaginal, pulmonary, and ocular delivery, showcasing the versatility of transethosome‐loaded with drugs and their potential to target specific tissues to achieve controlled release. Furthermore, the potential of functionalization and photodynamic therapy approaches to enhance drug delivery efficacy are explored. Overall, this review emphasizes the significant potentiality of transethosomes as a promising drug delivery system addressing the challenges associated with conventional drug delivery approaches.
Tissue‐type plasminogen activator (tPA) homozygous Tyr471His mutation associates with thromboembolic disease
Authors: Tao Yanyi , Ma Jiewen , Feng Yuanzheng , Gao Chenggang , Wu Tingting , Xia Yunqing , Cheng Zhipeng , Zhang Yi , Liu Tingting , Hu Yu , Tang Liang V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTissue‐type plasminogen activator (tPA) encoded by PLAT is a major mediator that promotes fibrinolysis and prevents thrombosis. Pathogenetic mutations in PLAT associated with venous thromboembolism have rarely been reported. Here, we report the first case of a homozygous point mutation c.1411T>C (p.Y471H) in PLAT leading to thromboembolic events and conduct related functional studies. The corresponding tPA mutant protein (tPA‐Y471H) and wild‐type tPA (tPA‐WT) were synthesized in vitro, and mutant mice (PLATH/H mice) were constructed. The molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance results indicated that the mutation impeded the hydrogen‐bonding interactions between the protease domain of tPA and the kringle 4 domain of plasminogen, and the binding affinity of tPA and plasminogen was significantly reduced with a difference of one order of magnitude. mRNA half‐life assay showed that the half‐life of tPA‐Y471H was shortened. The inferior vena cava thrombosis model showed that the rate of venous thrombosis in PLATH/H mice was 80% compared with 53% in wild‐type mice. Our data suggested a novel role for the protease domain of tPA in efficient plasminogen activation, and demonstrated that this tPA mutation could reduce the fibrinolysis function of the body and lead to an increased propensity for thrombosis.
Yueliang Yin Ameliorates Endometrial Receptivity in Mice with Embryo Implantation Failure by Reducing Pyroptosis and Activating BDNF/TrkB Pathway
Authors: Jiang Mei , Huang Ling , Wang Yuxi , Wang Yao , Kang Qianjun , Chen Cong , Hu Yujie , Li Jialin , Wang Ting 
Published: October 2023

ScopeEndometrial receptivity plays a vital role in embryonic implantation.Yueliang Yinis a marketed solid drink in China, also known asBushen CuyunRecipe (BCR), that is, assumed to have a therapeutic effect on infertility by improving endometrial receptivity. This study investigates the effects and mechanisms of BCR in protecting the endometrium.Methods and resultsMice with mifepristone‐induced embryo implantation failure that exhibited a decreased implantation sites number, thinner endometrium, reduced endometrial glands number, and poor pinopode expression levels are treated with BCR, and these mentioned conditions significantly improves afterward. Molecular docking shows that the main active components kaempferol, quercetin, and hesperetin of BCR stably bound to gasdermin D (GSDMD). Experimental results demonstrate that levels of GSDMD, cleaved caspase‐1 and leucine‐rich repeat, and pyrin domain‐containing 3 and IL‐1β levels in model mice are significantly decreased and expressions of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine protein kinase B (TrkB) expression levels are significantly elevated after BCR treatments, and that the DNA damage is significantly reversed in BCR‐treated mice.ConclusionsBCR is potent and effective in ameliorating endometrial receptivity. The potential mechanisms of BCR on endometrial receptivity may mediate by activating BDNF/TrkB pathway activation and protecting endometrial cells' protection against pyroptosis.
Speech production real‐time MRI at 0.55 T
Authors: Lim Yongwan , Kumar Prakash , Nayak Krishna S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate speech‐production real‐time MRI (RT‐MRI) using a contemporary 0.55T system, and to identify opportunities for improved performance compared with conventional field strengths.MethodsExperiments were performed on healthy adult volunteers using a 0.55T MRI system with high‐performance gradients and a custom 8‐channel upper airway coil. Imaging was performed using spiral‐based balanced SSFP and gradient‐recalled echo (GRE) pulse sequences using a temporal finite‐difference constrained reconstruction. Speech‐production RT‐MRI was performed with three spiral readout durations (8.90, 5.58, and 3.48 ms) to determine trade‐offs with respect to articulator contrast, blurring, banding artifacts, and overall image quality.ResultsBoth spiral GRE and bSSFP captured tongue boundary dynamics during rapid consonant‐vowel syllables. Although bSSFP provided substantially higher SNR in all vocal tract articulators than GRE, it suffered from banding artifacts at TR > 10.9 ms. Spiral bSSFP with the shortest readout duration (3.48 ms, TR = 5.30 ms) had the best image quality, with a 1.54‐times boost in SNR compared with an equivalent GRE sequence. Longer readout durations led to increased SNR efficiency and blurring in both bSSFP and GRE.ConclusionHigh‐performance 0.55T MRI systems can be used for speech‐production RT‐MRI. Spiral bSSFP can be used without suffering from banding artifacts in vocal tract articulators, provide better SNR efficiency, and have better image quality than what is typically achieved at 1.5 T or 3 T.
Computational methods for the estimation of ideal current patterns in realistic human models
Authors: Giannakopoulos Ilias I. , Georgakis Ioannis P. , Sodickson Daniel K. , Lattanzi Riccardo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo introduce a method for the estimation of the ideal current patterns (ICP) that yield optimal signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) for realistic heterogeneous tissue models in MRI.Theory and MethodsThe ICP were calculated for different surfaces that resembled typical radiofrequency (RF) coil formers. We constructed numerical electromagnetic (EM) bases to accurately represent EM fields generated by RF current sources located on the current‐bearing surfaces. Using these fields as excitations, we solved the volume integral equation and computed the EM fields in the sample. The fields were appropriately weighted to calculate the optimal SNR and the corresponding ICP. We demonstrated how to qualitatively use ICP to guide the design of a coil array to maximize SNR inside a head model.ResultsIn agreement with previous analytic work, ICP formed large distributed loops for voxels in the middle of the sample and alternated between a single loop and a figure‐eight shape for a voxel 3‐cm deep in the sample's cortex. For the latter voxel, a surface quadrature loop array inspired by the shape of the ICP reached of the optimal SNR at 3T, whereas a single loop placed above the voxel reached only of the optimal SNR. At 7T, the performance of the two designs decreased to and , respectively, suggesting that loops could be suboptimal at ultra‐high field MRI.ConclusionICP can be calculated for human tissue models, potentially guiding the design of application‐specific RF coil arrays.
Outcome and late effects of patients treated for childhood vaginal malignant germ cell tumors
Authors: Coppin Robin , Martelli Helene , Chargari Cyrus , Sudour‐Bonnange Helene , Orbach Daniel , Vérité Cecile , Pasquet Marlene , Saumet Laure , Piguet Christophe , Patte Catherine , Guérin Florent , Faure‐Conter Cecile , Fresneau Brice 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeVaginal malignant germ cell tumors (MGCT) are rare, occurring in children less than 2 years old and raise the question of the optimal local treatment.MethodsWe included children treated for vaginal MGCT according to the French TGM‐95/2013 regimen. Patients were classified as standard risk (SR: localized disease and alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) < 10,000 ng/mL) or high risk (HiR: metastatic and/or AFP > 10,000 ng/mL) and were treated, respectively, with three to five VBP (vinblastine–bleomycin–cisplatin) or four to six VIP (etoposide–ifosfamide–cisplatin), followed by conservative surgery and/or brachytherapy in case of post‐chemotherapy residuum.ResultsFourteen patients were included (median age = 12 months), of which six (43%) were classified as HiR. AFP levels were normalized after first‐line chemotherapy in all cases but one. A vaginal post‐chemotherapy residuum (median size = 8 mm, range: 1–24 mm) was observed in 13/14 patients, treated by complete resection in seven of 13 (viable cells in three of seven), incomplete resection in four of 13 (viable cells in two of four), with adjuvant brachytherapy in two of 13, and exclusive brachytherapy in two of 13 (viable cells in one of six). Among the six patients with viable disease, four patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. One patient (SR) experienced immediate postoperative relapse despite presenting no viable residual cells and was treated with four VIP cycles and brachytherapy. At last follow‐up (median = 4.6 years, range: 0.5–16), all patients were alive in complete remission. Five patients suffered from vaginal sequelae with synechiae and/or stenosis (of whom four had undergone brachytherapy).ConclusionChildhood vaginal MGCTs show a highly favorable prognosis with risk‐adapted chemotherapy and local treatment of post‐chemotherapy residuum (preferably by conservative surgery with partial vaginectomy). Brachytherapy could be an alternative when conservative surgery is not deemed possible or in cases of incomplete resection with residual viable cells.
Effects of two treatments on interpersonal, affective, and lifestyle features of psychopathy and emotion dysregulation
Authors: Mohajerin Banafsheh , Howard Richard Charles 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the relative efficacy of Mentalization‐based therapy (MBT) and United Protocol (UP) in reducing symptoms of psychopathy and emotion dysregulation in a sample of Iranian community residents with concurrent diagnoses of antisocial and borderline personality disorders (PDs). Interpersonal, affective, and lifestyle features of psychopathy were measured post‐treatment and at 6‐, 12‐, 18‐, 24‐, and 36‐months follow‐up using the 13‐item version of the Psychopathy Revised‐Checklist (PCL‐R), which excluded, by design, criminal history features. Emotion dysregulation was measured using the Deficits in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) developed by Gratz and Roemer (2004). After treatment, both UP‐ and MBT‐treated individuals showed significantly fewer features of psychopathy and significantly less emotion dysregulation. Compared with those treated with MBT, UP‐treated individuals showed significantly less emotion dysregulation in all DERS subscales and a greater reduction in psychopathy features, particularly affective features. It is suggested that this likely reflected the particular emphasis placed by UP on improving emotional self‐regulation and facilitating the therapeutic alliance. These results suggest that, despite the traditional pessimism that surrounds psychopathic individuals' treatability, they can be successfully treated.
Versatile synthesis of siloxane‐based graft copolymers with tunable grafting density
Authors: D'Ambra Colton A. , Czuczola Michael , Getty Patrick T. , Murphy Elizabeth A. , Abdilla Allison , Biswas Souvagya , Mecca Jodi M. , Bekemeier Thomas D. , Swier Steven , Hawker Craig J. , Bates Christopher M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA versatile synthetic platform is reported that affords high molecular weight graft copolymers containing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) backbones and vinyl‐based polymer side chains with excellent control over molecular weight and grafting density. The synthetic approach leverages thiol‐ene click chemistry to attach an atom‐transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator to a variety of commercially available poly(dimethylsiloxane‐co‐methylvinylsiloxane) backbones (PDMS‐co‐PVMS), followed by controlled radical polymerization with a wide scope of vinyl monomers. Selective degradation of the siloxane backbone with tetrabutylammonium fluoride confirmed the controlled nature of side‐chain growth via ATRP, yielding targeted side‐chain lengths for copolymers containing up to 50% grafting density and overall molecular weights in excess of 1 MDa. In addition, by using a mixture of thiols, grafting density and functionality can be further controlled by tuning initiator loading along the backbone. For example, solid‐state fluorescence of the graft copolymers was achieved by incorporating a thiol‐containing fluorophore along the siloxane backbone during the thiol‐ene click reaction. This simple synthetic platform provides facile control over the properties of a wide variety of grafted copolymers containing flexible PDMS backbones and vinyl polymer side chains.
Lianhua Qingke ameliorates lipopolysaccharide‐induced lung injury by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps formation and pyroptosis
Authors: Peng Wenjun , Qi Hui , Zhu Wensi , Tong Lin , Rouzi Ainiwaer , Wu Yuanyuan , Han Linxiao , He Ludan , Yan Yu , Pan Ting , Liu Jie , Wang Qin , Jia Zhenhua , Song Yuanlin , Zhu Qiaoliang , Zhou Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLHQK is a patented Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) which is clinically used for acute tracheobronchitis, cough, and other respiratory diseases. Recent studies have proved that LHQK exhibits excellent clinical efficacy in the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). However, the corresponding mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects and the underlying mechanisms of LHQK on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ALI in mice. The pathological examination, inflammatory cytokines assessments, and mucus secretion evaluation indicated that administration of LHQK ameliorated LPS‐induced lung injury, and suppressed the secretion of Muc5AC and pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β) in plasma and BALF. Furthermore, the results of cell‐free DNA level showed that LHQK significantly inhibited LPS‐induced NETs formation. Western blot revealed that LHQK effectively inhibited LPS‐triggered pyroptosis in the lung. In addition, RNA‐Seq data analysis, relatively bioinformatic analysis, and network pharmacology analysis revealed that LHQK and relative components may play multiple protective functions in LPS‐induced ALI/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by regulating multiple targets directly or indirectly related to NETs and pyroptosis. In conclusion, LHQK can effectively attenuate lung injury and reduce lung inflammation by inhibiting LPS‐induced NETs formation and pyroptosis, which may be regulated directly or indirectly by active compounds of LHQK.
Predicting nitrogen mineralization from dairy manure and broadleaf residue in a semiarid cropping system
Authors: Leytem April B. , Moore Amber D. , Rogers Christopher W. , Dungan Robert S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractApproximately 37% of US milk production occurs in semiarid regions, providing an opportunity to recycle manure nutrients through a variety of cropping systems. Accurate prediction of nitrogen (N) mineralization is critical to determine manure application suitability in intensive irrigated agriculture as many crops in the region have quality parameters that are sensitive to N. Research was conducted in southcentral Idaho to evaluate N mineralization via a buried bag methodology to develop a predictive N‐mineralization model. The study was arranged in a randomized complete block design with manure application rates of 18, 36, and 52 Mg·ha−1 (dry weight basis) both annually and biennially with synthetic fertilizer and untreated check treatments. The crop rotation included small‐grain and broadleaf crops. In the final year of the study, preplant soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and NO3–N concentrations were positively linearly correlated with manure application rate. Nearly five times as much N was mineralized annually in the 0‐ to 30‐cm depth as compared to the 30‐ to 60‐cm depth. Increased rates of N mineralization for each kilogram of added N occurred in years when residue from broadleaf crops (slope = 0.17) was applied as compared to years with manure only application (slope = 0.07). Stepwise modeling determined that the most predictive model for seasonal N mineralization (R2 = 0.79) included manure N, residue N, soil organic matter, and electrical conductivity. These results allow preplant N mineralization estimation and will prove critical for managing manure in semiarid regions for agronomic, economic, and environmentally sound crop production.
Commentary—misconceiving merit: Paradoxes of excellence and devotion in academic science and engineering
Authors: Losoya Sarah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMisconceiving Merit: Paradoxes of excellence and devotion in academic science and engineering is an easy‐to‐read, well‐organized text that implicates hegemonic ideology and the myth of meritocracy that is omnipresent within science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. The book is filled with both qualitative and quantitative data that tells a story of the popular notions of success and exceptionality including work devotion and scientific excellence and counters them with the realities of scientific productivity. It paints a picture of what academic STEM spaces are like for women, racially minoritized, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer persons, and how the myth of meritocracy is upheld and reinforced by systems within academia. I recommend this book for students, teachers, grant funders, and anyone else within academic STEM and STEM education spaces.
Zincophilic Metal‐Organic‐Framework Interface Mitigating Dendrite Growth for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhao Zehua , Zhang Huandi , Shi Xiaowei , Zhang Yan , Tang Cheng , Zhao Haitao , Liu Jiamei , Wang Guolong , Li Lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries are the ideal candidate for large‐scale energy storage systems owing to their high safety and low cost. However, the uncontrolled deposition and parasitic reaction of Zn metal anode hinder their commercial application. Here, the 2D metal‐organic‐framework (MOF) nanoflakes covered on the surface of Zn are proposed to enable dendrite‐free for long lifespan Zn metal batteries. The MOF can facilitate the desolvation process to accelerate reaction kinetic due to its special channel structure. The abundant zincopilicity sites of MOF can realize the homogenous Zn2+ deposition. Consequently, their synergetic effect makes the MOF protected Zn anode good electrochemical performance with a long cycle life of 1400 h at 1 mA cm−2 and a high depth of discharge of 30 mAh cm−2 (DOD ≈ 54%) continued for over 700 h. This work provides a novel strategy for high‐performance rechargeable Zn‐ion batteries.
Nanoarchitectonics of MXene Derived TiO2/Graphene with Vertical Alignment for Achieving the Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance
Authors: Park Seungyoung , Choi Seo Hyun , Kim Ju Min , Ji Seulgi , Kang Saewon , Yim Soonmin , Myung Sung , Kim Seong. K. , Lee Sun Sook , An Ki‐Seok 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStructural engineering and hybridization of heterogeneous 2D materials can be effective for advanced supercapacitor. Furthermore, architectural design of electrodes particularly with vertical construction of structurally anisotropic graphene nanosheets, can significantly enhance the electrochemical performance. Herein, MXene‐derived TiO2 nanocomposites hybridized with vertical graphene is synthesized via CO2 laser irradiation on MXene/graphene oxide nanocomposite film. Instantaneous photon energy by laser irradiation enables the formation of vertical graphene structures on nanocomposite films, presenting the controlled anisotropy in free‐standing film. This vertical structure enables improved supercapacitor performance by forming an open structure, increasing the electrolyte–electrode interface, and creating efficient electron transport path. In addition, the effective oxidation of MXene nanosheets by instantaneous photon energy leads to the formation of rutile TiO2. TiO2 nanoparticles directly generated on graphene enables the effective current path, which compensates for the low conductivity of TiO2 and enables the functioning of an effective supercapacitor by utilizing its pseudocapacitive properties. The resulting film exhibits excellent specific areal capacitance of 662.9 mF cm−2 at a current density of 5 mA cm−2. The film also shows superb cyclic stability during 40 000 repeating cycles, maintaining high capacitance. Also, the pseudocapacitive redox reaction kinetics is evaluated, showing fast redox kinetics with potential for high‐performance supercapacitor applications.
Formulating N‐Doped Carbon Hollow Nanospheres with Highly Accessible Through‐Pores to Isolate Fe Single‐Atoms for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Liu Zi‐Hao , Ma Fei‐Xiang , Fan Hong‐Shuang , Liu Zheng‐Qi , Du Yue , Zhen Liang , Xu Cheng‐Yan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIt is challenging yet promising to design highly accessible N‐doped carbon skeletons to fully expose the active sites inside single‐atom catalysts. Herein, mesoporous N‐doped carbon hollow spheres with regulatable through‐pore size can be formulated by a simple sequential synthesis procedure, in which the condensed SiO2 is acted as removable dual‐templates to produce both hollow interiors and through‐pores, meanwhile, the co‐condensed polydopamine shell is served as N‐doped carbon precursor. After that, Fe─N─C hollow spheres (HSs) with highly accessible active sites can be obtained after rationally implanting Fe single‐atoms. Microstructural analysis and X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis reveal that high‐density Fe─N4 active sites together with tiny Fe clusters are uniformly distributed on the mesoporous carbon skeleton with abundant through‐pores. Benefitted from the highly accessible Fe─N4 active sites arising from the unique through‐pore architecture, the Fe─N─C HSs demonstrate excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in alkaline media with a half‐wave potential up to 0.90 V versus RHE and remarkable stability, both exceeding the commercial Pt/C. When employing Fe─N─C HSs as the air‐cathode catalysts, the assembled Zn–air batteries deliver a high peak power density of 204 mW cm−2 and stable discharging voltage plateau over 140 h.