bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polygenic Variation Underlying Educational Attainment and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Indexes Behavior Ratings of Executive Functions in Child Psychiatry Outpatients
Authors: Capawana Michael R. , Vuijk Pieter J. , Martin Joanna , Pollastri Alisha R. , Forchelli Gina A. , Woscoboinik Georgia G. , Tremblay Sonia L. , Wolfe Lauren E. , Braaten Ellen B. , Doyle Alysa E. 
Published: January 2024

Objective: We leveraged common genetic variation underlying ADHD, educational attainment (EA) and cognition (COG) to understand the nature of the Behavior Rating Inventory for Executive Functions (BRIEF) and its relationship to academic functioning. Method: Participants were 991 youth, ages 7 to 17, consecutively referred for neuropsychiatric evaluation. Polygenic scores (PGS) for ADHD, EA, and COG were related to the BRIEF using regression analyses. Structural equation models were used to examine the associations between the PGS, BRIEF and academic outcomes (math, reading, and special education services [EDPLAN]). Results: After modeling the PGS together, only the EA and ADHD PGS significantly associated with the BRIEF. The BRIEF partially mediated the relationships between EA PGS with math and EDPLAN and fully mediated the relationship between ADHD PGS and EDPLAN. Conclusion: Genetic data extend evidence that the BRIEF measures a construct relevant to educational success that differs from what is indexed by cognitive testing.
Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) a Dimension or a Category? What Does the Relationship Between ADHD Traits and Psychosocial Quality of Life Tell Us?
Authors: Arildskov Trine Wigh , Thomsen Per Hove , Sonuga-Barke Edmund J. S. , Lambek Rikke , Østergaard Søren D. , Virring Anne 
Published: January 2024

Objective: The question of whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a discrete category or a continuous dimension remains clinically relevant. We report the first examination of this question from the viewpoint of the relationship between ADHD traits and psychosocial quality of life (QoL), and whether the level of QoL declines markedly around a certain high ADHD trait range suggestive of a categorical boundary. Methods: Parents/caregivers of 1,967 schoolchildren aged 6 to 11 from the general population completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and the ADHD-Rating Scale IV. Piecewise linear and non-linear regression analyses were performed. Results: No evidence for a non-linear association or an abrupt change in the rate of decrease in QoL was observed in the high end of the ADHD traits continuum. Instead, the relationship was consistent with linearity. Conclusion: Psychosocial QoL gradually declines in a linear manner as ADHD trait levels increase providing further support for a dimensional model.
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Prurigo Nodularis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Taghaddos Dana , Savinova Iryna , Abu-Hilal Mohannad 
Published: January 2024

Background: Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a complex chronic skin disease characterized by severe pruritic nodules. PN is often associated with mental health disorders and chronic medical comorbidities. Until recently, PN treatment has been challenging and difficult. Objectives: This study aims to describe the demographic, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities associated with PN. Also, we aim to describe the effectiveness of systemic therapies, including methotrexate, cyclosporine, and narrow band ultraviolet (NB-UVB) in adult patients with PN. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of adult patients diagnosed with PN at Hamilton Health Science Center and/or McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, between 2015 and 2023. Results: The study included 81 patients (57% female). The mean age was 52.8 years, and the mean age of PN diagnosis was 50 years. Reported symptoms included: itching (100%), dry skin (53%), pain (17%), and burning sensation (5%). Lower and upper extremities were the most common areas involved in 93% and 69%, respectively. Mental health disorders were present in 79% of patients, with depression (58%) and anxiety (52%) being the most common. Atopic dermatitis was the most common skin comorbidity noted. Treatments used included cyclosporine, and NB-UVB, and MTX, which resulted in significant improvement of pruritus in 38%, 35%, and 31% of patients, respectively, at week 16. Conclusions: PN is associated with increased risk of mental health disorders and other medical comorbidities. Cyclosporine, methotrexate, and NB-UVB therapy may be effective treatment options, however clinicians must consider the potential short- and long-term adverse effects of these treatments.
Use of multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies during pregnancy in France: Nationwide study between 2010 and 2021
Authors: Swital Morgane , Drouin Jérôme , Miranda Sara , Bakchine Serge , Botton Jérémie , Dray-Spira Rosemary 
Published: January 2024

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently affects women of childbearing age and pregnant women. Objective: To assess the use of MS disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) during pregnancy in France over the last decade, marked by an increasing DMTs availability. Methods: All pregnancies ended from April 2010 to December 2021 in women with MS were identified based on the nationwide Mother–Child Register EPI-MERES, built from the French National Health Data System ( Système National des Données de Santé (SNDS)). Results: Of a total of 20,567 pregnancies in women with MS, 7587 were exposed to DMT. The number of DMT-exposed pregnancies markedly increased from 1079 in 2010–2012 to 2413 in 2019–2021 (+124%), especially those exposed to glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, dimethyl fumarate, and anti-CD20. Among pregnancies of women on DMT 6 months before pregnancy, 78.0% underwent DMT discontinuation and 7.6% switched DMT, generally before (33.0% and 77.0%, respectively) or during the first trimester of pregnancy (58.3% and 17.8%, respectively). DMT discontinuation decreased from 84.0% in 2010–2012 to 72.4% in 2019–2021 and was less frequent among women aged ⩾35 years and those socioeconomically disadvantaged. Conclusion: Despite MS therapeutic management adaptations to pregnancy, exposure during pregnancy to treatments whose safety profile has not yet been clearly established has increased sharply over the last decade.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Traditional Herbal Medicine Combined With Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Post-Surgical Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kim Soo-Dam , Kim Jong-Hee , Kim Dong-Hyun , Park Ji-Hye , Gong Yabin , Sun Chengbing , Yoo Hwa-Seung , Park So-Jung 
Published: January 2024

Background: Gastric cancer is a common cause of global mortality, with significant challenges during treatment due to side effects and complications. Traditional herbal medicine (THM) has emerged as a potential adjuvant therapy to enhance cancer treatment by reducing side effects and bolstering the immune response. This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of THM as an adjuvant therapy in post-surgical gastric cancer patients. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI, CiNii, KMBASE, KISS, OASIS, RISS, and ScienceON databases were searched from inception through December, 2021. The outcomes considered in this analysis encompassed tumor response, quality of life (QoL), side effects, and tumor markers. Additionally, a frequency analysis of the most commonly used herbs in the included studies was conducted. A total of 36 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, and data were extracted according to study design. The analysis compared groups receiving chemotherapy alone with those receiving both chemotherapy and THM treatment. Results: The group receiving both chemotherapy and THM showed substantial improvement in tumor response compared to the chemotherapy-only control group (RR 1.25, 95% CI [1.09, 1.45]). QoL also significantly increased in the THM-treated group. Most drug adverse reactions displayed statistical significance, except for platelet reduction. Tumor markers CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 exhibited significant improvements, but CA125 did not. The 1, 2, and 3-year survival rates improved, with RR values of 1.08 (95% CI [1.02, 1.14]), 1.32 (95% CI [1.19, 1.47]), and 1.42 (95% CI [1.12, 1.79]) respectively. However, some publication bias was indicated. Conclusion: THM may offer potential benefits as a complementary approach to post-surgical anticancer therapy in gastric cancer patients. Improved tumor response, quality of life, and survival rates were reported. However, it is important to exercise caution due to the possibility of publication bias, and further research is needed to confirm these findings. Registration:PROSPERO CRD 42022354133
Initiating and Maintaining Complete Decongestive Therapy Self-Management of Lymphedema Among Breast Cancer Survivors: Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Sun Yuanlu , Fu Mei Rosemary , Jiang Yun , Little Amy S. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify determinants that promote the initiation and maintenance of complete decongestive therapy (CDT) as well as effective strategies for mitigating barriers to self-management of lymphedema among breast cancer survivors. Methods: A descriptive and qualitative design was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 breast cancer survivors who were managing breast cancer-related lymphedema. Interviews were transcribed verbatim. An iterative descriptive data analysis method was employed to examine the data, compare codes, challenge interpretations, and inductively identify themes. Results: A realization that lymphedema requires daily self-management was the primary determinant leading breast cancer survivors to initiate CDT self-management. The determinants for maintaining daily CDT self-management included the perceived effectiveness of CDT, being willing to assume accountability, and perceived efficacy to undertake CDT. Developing strategies to integrate CDT regimens into daily life is key to maintaining CDT self-management of lymphedema. Three core concepts mediate initiation and maintenance of CDT self-management: understanding lymphedema as a chronic condition that can be managed with CDT self-management, being worried about lymphedema exacerbation, and having support from patient peers and family. Conclusions: Interventions should be tailored to promote the initiation and maintenance of CDT self-management. While clinicians provided knowledge-based and clinical skills-based information, patient peers provided daily life examples, and real-life implementation strategies for CDT self-management. Ongoing patient-provider and patient-peer communication functioned as effective support for maintaining CDT self-management. Reliable and realistic methods of symptom self-assessment are important for maintaining CDT at home.
Race and Ethnicity Reporting in Occupational Therapy Research Among Autistic Youth
Authors: Little Lauren M. , Avery Anna , Tomchek Scott , Baker Alissa , Wallisch Anna , Dean Evan 
Published: January 2024

Historically marginalized racial and ethnic groups are underrepresented in autism research broadly; however, patterns of inclusion in occupational therapy research are unknown. In this secondary data analysis, we examined race and ethnicity reporting across articles included in a systematic review of evidence related to occupational therapy practice with autistic individuals <18 years (2013–2021). Two team members reached >90% interrater coding agreement in race and ethnicity reporting across articles in ADLs/IADLs, education/work, play, sleep, and social participation in clinics, homes/communities, and schools. Intervention outcomes of ADL/IADLs (66.7%) and play (66.7%) had low rates of reporting, while social participation in schools (100%) and education/work (100%) had higher rates of reporting. Sample diversity was greatest among research in schools and most limited in clinic-based settings. Systemic racism that limits individuals’ participation in occupational therapy research perpetuates racial and ethnic health inequities among autistic children and adolescents.
Efficacy of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone for newly diagnosed POEMS syndrome patients
Authors: Fang Fang , Lan Xiao-Xi , Hu Rong-Hua , Hui Wu-Han , Zhao Hong , Guo Yi-Xian , Ji Bing-Xin , Liu Hong-Jun , Su Li , Sun Wan-Ling 
Published: January 2024

Background: Due to the rarity of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome, the best first-line treatment has not been established, although there are several options in guidelines. The preferred treatments vary according to the preference of the physician and anecdote. Objectives: First, to analyze the efficacy of a new treatment mode in POEMS syndrome that uses the four-cycle treatment as the induction regimen, followed by sequential transplantation as the consolidation regimen for transplantation-eligible patients, or received another two-cycle treatment for transplantation-ineligible patients. Second, to compare the efficacy and safety of regimens with a proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib–cyclophosphamide–dexamethasone, BCD) or without a proteasome inhibitor (cyclophosphamide–dexamethasone ± thalidomide, CD ± T). Design: We conducted a retrospective study using real-world data from Capital Medical University, Xuanwu Hospital. Methods: A total of 34 newly diagnosed POEMS syndrome patients met Dispenzieri’s diagnostic criteria, and those who completed at least four cycles of treatment from July 2013 to March 2021 were included. Results: The overall vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) response rate of this new treatment mode was 100%. The cumulative VEGF complete remission (CRV) rate was 67.9%, and the cumulative complete hematological response (CRH) rate was 55.6%. During the median 49-month follow-up, the 5-year-overall survival (OS) rate was 90.7%, the 3-year-progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 78.4%, and the 5-year-PFS rate was 73.8%. The BCD regimen achieved a 75% CRV rate (median time from diagnosis to CRV = 130 days) and 66.7% CRH rate (median time from diagnosis to CRH = 218 days). In addition, the VEGF response was less than the partial remission (PRV) after four-cycle induction treatment, which, together with a decrease on the Overall Neurological Limitation Scale of less than three points 1 year after consolidation treatment, was an independent poor prognostic factor. Conclusion: Bortezomib was well-tolerated by patients with POEMS syndrome. Compared with CD ± T regimen, BCD as the induction regimen achieved better VEGF response and earlier hematological remission. Autologous stem cell transplantation used as consolidation therapy further improved the neurological and hematological remission rates, resulting in better OS and PFS.
A nationwide real-world study for evaluation of effectiveness and safety of T-DM1 in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in Korea (KCSG BR19-15)
Authors: Baek Sun Kyung , Jeong Jae-ho , Jung KyungHae , Ahn Hee Kyung , Kim Min Hwan , Sohn Joohyuk , Park In Hae , Ahn Jin Seok , Lee Dae-Won , Im Seock-Ah , Sim Sung Hoon , Lee Keun Seok , Hyun Kim Jee , Shim Hyun-Jeong , Chae Yeesoo , Koh Su-Jin , Lee Hyorak , Lee Jieun , Byun Jae-Ho , Seol Youngmi , Lee Eun Mi , Jee Hee-Jung , An Hyonggin , Park Eun Byeol , Suh Young Ju , Lee Kyoung Eun , Park Yeon Hee ,   Korean Cancer Study Group (KCSG)
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate clinical practices and factors related to the outcomes of T-DM1 use in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Methods: We included patients with HER2-positive mBC who received T-DM1 as a palliative therapy between August 2017 and December 2018. The safety and outcomes of T-DM1, including overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), were evaluated. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) for mortality or progression to HER2-positive mBC. Results: In total, 824 patients were enrolled during the study period. The mean age of patients was 58 years, and 516 (62.6%) patients relapsed after curative treatment. Excluding a history of endocrine therapy, 341 (41.4%) patients previously received none or first-line chemotherapy, 179 (21.7%) received second-line therapy, and 303 (36.9%) received third-or later-line chemotherapy before T-DM1 therapy. During a median follow-up of 16.8 months, the ORR was 35%, the median PFS was 6.6 months, and the median OS was not reached. The clinical factors associated with the hazard of progression were age (<65 years), poor performance status (⩾2), advanced line of palliative chemotherapy (⩾2), prior pertuzumab use, and treatment duration of palliative trastuzumab (<10 months). Common grade 3–4 adverse events were thrombocytopenia ( n = 107, 13.2%), neutropenia ( n = 23, 2.8%), anemia ( n = 21, 2.6%), and elevated liver enzyme ( n = 20, 2.5%). Hypokalemia (⩽3.0 mmol/L) and any-grade bleeding events occurred in 25 (3.1%) and 94 (22.6%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: This is the first nationwide real-world study of T-DM1 use in patients with HER2-positive mBC in Korea. The effectiveness and toxicity profiles of T-DM1 in real-world practice were comparable to those in randomized trials. Moreover, patient factors and previous anti-HER2 therapy could predict the outcomes of T-DM1 therapy.
Drug-induced interstitial lung disease: a real-world pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System from 2004 to 2021
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Su Hui , Xu Jing , Li Chen , Zhang Ni , Li Yanping , Wu Yuanlin , Ni Rui , Ming Yue , Li Ziwei , Li Li , Liu Yao 
Published: January 2024

Background: Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) is an increasingly common cause of morbidity and mortality. However, due to the lack of specificity, DILD detection remains an unsolved public health challenge. Objectives: For the first time, we aimed to examine DILD reports submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to identify demographic characteristics and top drugs associated with DILD at a group level (including age, sex, drug class, and country stratification) and individual drug level. Design: A retrospective analysis of the FAERS database was examined by disproportionality analysis. Methods: We reviewed the FAERS database from 2004 to 2021, using search terms ‘interstitial lung disease’ and sorting cases by generic drug name. The reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network were calculated as the measure of strength of association. Results: There were 32,821 DILD reports in the FAERS. After excluding reports without age, sex, or country data according to the specific measurement, the median age of patients was 68 (interquartile range: 59), 54.77% were male, and 46.00% of reports came from Japan. The top drug classes related to DILD in the FAERS were antineoplastic, followed by cardiovascular and antirheumatic agents, in varying order in different sexes. Fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki, ramucirumab, and eribulin were the top three drugs with the highest strength of association. We also found some drugs without DILD in the labels, such as amiodarone, temsirolimus, and ursodiol. There are significant differences in DILD reports in various countries. For example, the United States and France reported more cardiovascular agents, whereas Canada reported more antirheumatic agents. Conclusion: We found the top drugs and drug classes that were associated with DILD in the FAERS, which provides a real-world window for different ages, sexes, and countries to formulate precise pharmacovigilance policies.
Association of thrombopoietin-related drugs with thromboembolic events: Mendelian randomization and a real-world study
Authors: Liang Cuilv , Chen Qiying , Zhang Yin 
Published: January 2024

Background: Studies have shown conflicting results when using thrombopoietin-related drugs (TPORD) for thromboembolic events (TEEs). Our study aimed to explore the correlation between TPORDs and TEEs. Method: Drug-targeted Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis were used to explore the causal relationship between TPORDs and TEEs such as venous thromboembolism (VTE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (STR). At the same time, a real-world study was conducted by extracting adverse events (AEs) from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database included in AERSMine to further validate our findings. Outcome: In drug-target MR, TPORDs were associated with VTE (OR = 1.193, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.001–1.423, p = 0.049], DVT (OR = 1.321, 95% CI: 1.027–1.700, p = 0.030), MI (OR = 1.216, 95% CI: 1.010–1.464, p = 0.039), STR (OR = 1.224, 95% CI: 1.021–1.468, p = 0.029). VTE/DVT/STR remained stable in MVMR (VTE: OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.187–1.422, p < 0.001; DVT: OR = 1.465,95% CI:1.285–1.671, p < 0.001; STR: OR = 1.119, 95% CI: 1.018–1.229, p = 0.019) and real-world studies [lower bound of proportional reporting ratio (ROR) greater than 1]. The significance of myocardial infarction disappeared in MVMR (OR = 0.996, 95% CI: 0.894–1.109, p = 0.942) and in real-world studies (lower ROR lower than 1). There was no evidence of a causal relationship between TPORD and PE (OR = 1.244, 95% CI: 0.969-1.597, p = 0.087), but it generated a signal from a real-world study (lower bound of ROR greater than 1). Conclusion: This study suggests that TPORDs may be associated with an increased risk of TEEs, particularly AEs leading to VTE/DVT/STR. In addition, the relationship between TPORDs and PE/MI is debatable and requires more research.
Evaluation of early retinal changes in patients on long-term hydroxychloroquine using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Zhao Huanhuan , Pan Menglu , Liu Yaping , Cheng Fangyue , Shuai Zongwen 
Published: January 2024

Background: Connective tissue diseases (CTD), including systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), have long been treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). However, prolonged HCQ use poses a risk of adverse effects, particularly retinopathy. Objective: To detect early retinal changes assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in CTD patients with long-term HCQ treatment and to explore the relationship between OCTA parameters and the concentrations of HCQ and its metabolites. Design: A cross-sectional study conducted from March 2020 to October 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Methods: The area and perimeter of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), the thickness of the fovea and parafovea, and the vascular density of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in each area of the macula were measured by OCTA in 43 CTD patients treated with HCQ for over 6 months. Meantime, blood concentrations of HCQ and its metabolites were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the clinical documents of all 43 involved patients were collected. Results: There is no significant correlation between OCTA outcomes and the patient’s age, disease duration, and weight-dependent dose. HCQ cumulative duration positively correlated with FAZ area and perimeter ( r = 0.419, p = 0.005 and r = 0.407, p = 0.007, respectively) and negatively correlated with the foveal vessel density in DCP ( r = −0.378, p = 0.012). HCQ cumulative dose had a positive correlation with FAZ area and perimeter ( r = 0.445, p = 0.003 and r = 0.434, p = 0.004, respectively) and had a negative correlation with foveal vessel density in SCP and DCP ( r = −0.383, p = 0.011 and r = −0.424, p = 0.005, respectively). OCTA outcomes did not correlate with HCQ and its metabolite concentrations. Conclusion: OCTA could be used to detect microvascular changes in the macula of CTD patients with long-term HCQ therapy. It was not found the concentrations of HCQ and its metabolites were associated with retinal vascular changes.