bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Predictors of Fractures Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Tsai Hsin-Lin , Lin Tzu-Ching , Yang Hui-Hsin , Chang Jei-Wen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Bone loss and fractures are common and serious complications following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and identifying risk predictors for fractures in transplant recipients remains challenging. The Taiwan Bone Marrow Donation Center is the largest databank of donors in Asia. However, no population-based studies have yet been conducted in Asia to accurately assess the risk of fractures.

Objective
The aims of this study were to determine the incidence and risk factors for fractures in HSCT recipients.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients older than 18 years who received a HSCT from January 1, 2003 to September 30, 2015, using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Fractures following HSCT were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Cox regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for fractures.

Results
A total of 3327 patients underwent a HSCT, of whom 126 (3.8%) had a fracture after HSCT. The cumulative incidence of fractures was 5.3% at 5 years, and 10.8% at 10 years. Multivariable analysis showed that a fracture in the 3 years prior to transplant (HR = 3.79; 95% CI, 2.39-6.03) was associated with a higher risk of fractures post HSCT. With a daily dose equivalent of more than 0.50-3.75 mg, more than 3.75-15.23 mg, and more than 15.23 mg prednisolone, the risk of fractures increased by 1.70-fold (95% CI, 1.07-2.71), 2.23-fold (95% CI 1.32-3.76), and 2.93-fold (95% CI, 1.43-6.01), respectively.

Conclusion
Regular screening to monitor bone loss should be initiated early, and counseling about the importance of general preventive measures for bone loss is warranted in HSCT recipients with a prior fracture and mean daily dose of steroids more than 0.50 mg.
Case Curve: A Novel Web-Based Platform and Mobile Phone Application to Evaluate Surgical Competence in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Sorenson Jeffrey M. , Khan Nickalus R. , Michael L. Madison , Nguyen Vincent , Baughman Brandon , Boop Frederick A. , Arthur Adam S. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Competency-based medical education is well established, yet methods to evaluate and document acquisition of surgical skill remain underdeveloped. We describe a novel web-based application for competency-based surgical education at a single neurosurgical department over a 3-year period.

METHODS:
We used a web-based application to track procedural and cognitive skills acquisition for neurosurgical residents. This process included self-assessment, resident peer evaluations, evaluations from supervising attending physicians, and blinded video reviews. Direct observation by faculty and video recordings were used to evaluate surgical skill. Cases were subdivided into component skills, which were evaluated using a 5-point scale. The learning curve for each skill was continuously updated and compared with expectations. Progress was reviewed at a monthly surgical skills conference that involved discussion and analysis of recorded surgical performances.

RESULTS:
During an escalating 3-year pilot from 2019 to 2022, a total of 1078 cases in 39 categories were accrued by 17 resident physicians with 10 neurosurgical faculty who participated as evaluators. A total of 16 251 skill performances in 110 categories were evaluated. The most evaluated skills were those that were common to several types of procedures, such as positioning, hemostasis, and wound closure. The concordance between attending evaluations and resident self-evaluations was 76%, with residents underestimating their performance in 17% of evaluations and overestimating in 7%.

CONCLUSION:
We developed a method for evaluating and tracking surgical resident skill performance with an application that provides timely and actionable feedback. The data collected from this system could allow more accurate assessments of surgical skills and deeper insights into factors influencing surgical skill acquisition.
Histological and functional characterization of 3D human skin models mimicking the inflammatory skin diseases psoriasis and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Scheurer Jasmin , Sauer Birgit , Focken Jule , Giampetraglia Martina , Jäger Annika , Schürch Christian M. , Weigelin Bettina , Schittek Birgit 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Three-dimensional (3D) human skin equivalents have emerged as valuable tools in skin research, replacing animal experimentation and precluding the need for patient biopsies. In this study, we advanced 3D skin equivalents to model the inflammatory skin diseases atopic dermatitis and psoriasis by cytokine stimulation, and were successful in integrating TH1 T cells into skin models to develop an immunocompetent 3D psoriasis model. We performed in-depth histological and functional characterization of 3D skin equivalents and validated them in terms of tissue architecture, pathological changes, expression of antimicrobial peptides and Staphylococcus aureus colonization using 3D reconstruction by multiphoton microscopy and phenotyping by highly multiplexed ‘co-detection by indexing’ (CODEX) microscopy. We show that our skin equivalents have a structural architecture with a well-developed dermis and epidermis, thus resembling human skin. In addition, the skin models of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis show several phenotypic features of inflammatory skin disease, including disturbed epidermal differentiation and alterations in the expression of epidermal barrier genes and antimicrobial peptides, and can be reliably used to test novel treatment strategies. Therefore, these 3D equivalents will be a valuable tool in experimental dermatological research.
Milk Production and Evaluation in Farms Raised Anatolian Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis); A Case Study of Igdir Province
Authors: Yilmaz I , Yurt B , Şahin O 
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted by carrying out a questionnaire with 98 enterprise owners rearing Anatolian water buffalo in 2015 in Igdir city of Turkey. The average daily milk yield, annual milk yield, and sales price buffalos milk of the enterprises were determined as 5.48±0.07 (kg), 1228.56±15.60 (kg/lactation), and USD1.06 (price/per kg), respectively. 3% of the produced raw milk was put on the market as raw milk, 20.9% as product, and 76.1% as raw milk + product. 81.54% of the processed milk was marketed as butter+cream+curd cheese, 7.69% as butter + cheese + curd cheese, and 10.77% is marketed as butter + cheese + yoghurt + curd cheese. It was determined that out of the companies selling raw milk, 88.7% sold to street milk + grocery stores and 11.3% sold to daily farms. As a result, in order to ensure sustainable buffalo breeding in Igdır province, buffalo milk collection centers, processing facilities, buffalo breeders' union should be established. Anatolian water buffaloes reared in Igdir city should be protected in order to protect the gene resources. Non-native buffalo insemination should not be allowed. Otherwise, it should be remembered that the heads rearing in each region are adapted into the region they inhabit in. Matings made to increase the amount of milk can affect negatively the properties like butter and cream yield. However, kinship degeneration should not be allowed in animals raised in the province. Mating of cows should be done with a system.
The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Madej Aleksandra , Senat Hanna , Grabowska Patrycja , Bolla Patrycja , Senat Aleksandra , Marczyńska Zuzanna , Niemczyk Anna , Dorochowicz Mateusz 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus type II (DM2) is one of the most frequently diagnosed diseases worldwide with a constantly increasing prevalence. It represents an important clinical challenge. The studies are concentrating on improving our knowledge of both pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities.
The influence of intestinal flora on many health conditions is being investigated. It was found that the gut microbiota of the healthy and diabetic individuals are different. This provides a highly important focus for the consideration of whether and how, based on the content of the intestinal flora, the development and treatment of this disease and its complications can be affected.
PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to present the current state of knowledge about the The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and therapy of type 2 diabetes.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: The available literature in PubMed was reviewed to write the article, using the keywords ,,gut microbiota diabetes”, ,,diabetes mellitus”, ,,intestinal microbiome diabetes”, ,,dysbiosis diabetes” and ,,gut microbiota diabetes”.
CONCLUSION: The intestinal microbiome is a diverse community of microorganisms that inhabit the gut and has been shown to be essential for the health of the body. Modifications in the diversity and frequency of microorganisms residing in the gut, and the accumulation of metabolites they generate, have been correlated with DM2. The study of intestinal microflora could lead to the discovery of new methods of diagnosis and therapies of DM2 and its complications, such as diabetic kidney disease, neuropathy, retinopathy and cardiovascular disease. In conclusion, further studies are needed to understand the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis and therapy of DM2.
Largest Volume Inscribed Rectangles in Convex Sets Defined by Finite Number of Inequalities
Authors: Behroozi Mehdi 
Published: January 2024

This paper considers the problem of finding maximum volume (axis-aligned) inscribed boxes in a compact convex set, defined by a finite number of convex inequalities, and presents optimization and geometric approaches for solving them. Several optimization models are developed that can be easily generalized to find other inscribed geometric shapes such as triangles, rhombi, and squares. To find the largest volume axis-aligned inscribed rectangles in the higher dimensions, an interior-point method algorithm is presented and analyzed. For two-dimensional space, a parametrized optimization approach is developed to find the largest area (axis-aligned) inscribed rectangles in convex sets. The optimization approach provides a uniform framework for solving a wide variety of relevant problems. Finally, two computational geometric [Formula: see text]–approximation algorithms with sublinear running times are presented that improve the previous results. History: Accepted by Antonio Frangioni, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Continuous. Funding: The author is grateful for the support of Northeastern University for this research. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0239 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0239 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Multicultural Rhetorics
Authors: Berenguer Elizabeth , Jewel Lucy , McMurtry-Chubb Teri A. 
Published: January 2024

Legal rhetoric operates to inculcate White cultural hegemony into our reasoning and analytic processes for resolving legal problems—how we “do” law. It makes its racialized tools normative and renders them neutral through its failure to acknowledge their origins in Western epistemologies and ontologies that idolize and protect imperialism, capitalism, White supremacy, and patriarchy. The lens through which legal rhetoric views the landscape of legal conflict is focused on White racial and cultural experiences. These experiences become synonymous with White cultural hegemony. This singular focus renders historic and contemporaneous cultural experiences blurry and unformed when, in fact, Indigenous, Black, Latine, and Asian communities have forged formal rhetorical traditions imbued with their culture and experiences in the U.S. that are more than adequate to widen that lens. These rhetorical traditions can be contained under the banner of what critical rhetorician Aaron David Gresson III describes as “recovery rhetorics.”
Inclusion Is More Than an Invitation: Shifting Science Communication in a Science Museum
Authors: Liu C. James , Mohabir Priya , Bennett Dorothy 
Published: January 2024

In this chapter, the authors’ share an ongoing shift in broadening science communication at a US-based science museum through incorporating museum staff’s beliefs, perspectives, and personal relationships with science. The goal is to highlight how science communication is influenced, challenged, and defined by the members of the community, and to invite educators, researchers, and stakeholders to rethink and question their approach to inclusion and diversity in science education. In particular, we present examples from our youth museum educators – known as Explainers – their trainers, and the programme director. These examples illustrate the different paths and perspectives that people in different roles take while communicating science, and how their identity, culture, and experiences influence their choices and the way they engage with science learning and communication. By creating an Explainer training programme that supports reflection and agency, we gradually changed the ways we conduct educational practices on the museum floors, such as demonstrations and facilitation, and as a result organically expanded the inclusiveness of our learning environment. The strategies that helped create this shift are also discussed, including institutional efforts, such as reshaping leadership style and cross-departmental collaboration, and individual training, such as developing Explainer habits of mind. These examples and strategies will help other informal science, technology, engineering, and mathematics learning institutions and future studies to establish a more inclusive science learning and communication environment.
1D speckle-learned structured light recognition
Authors: Badavath Purnesh Singh , Raskatla Venugopal , Kumar Vijay 
Published: January 2024

In this Letter, we introduce a novel, to the best of our knowledge, structured light recognition technique based on the 1D speckle information to reduce the computational cost. Compared to the 2D speckle-based recognition [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 39, 759 (2022)10.1364/JOSAA.446352], the proposed 1D speckle-based method utilizes only a 1D array (1×
n
pixels) of the structured light speckle pattern image (
n
×
n
pixels). This drastically reduces the computational cost, since the required data is reduced by a factor of 1/
n
. A custom-designed 1D convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) with only 2.4 k learnable parameters is trained and tested on 1D structured light speckle arrays for fast and accurate recognition. A comparative study is carried out between 2D speckle-based and 1D speckle-based array recognition techniques comparing the data size, training time, and accuracy. For a proof-of-concept for the 1D speckle-based structured light recognition, we have established a 3-bit free-space communication channel by employing structured light-shift keying. The trained 1D CNN has successfully decoded the encoded 3-bit gray image with an accuracy of 94%. Additionally, our technique demonstrates robust performance under noise variation showcasing its deployment in practical cost-effective real-world applications.
Vaccination coverage and adverse events following a reactive vaccination campaign against hepatitis E in Bentiu displaced persons camp, South Sudan
Authors: Nesbitt Robin C. , Asilaza Vincent Kinya , Gignoux Etienne , Koyuncu Aybüke , Gitahi Priscillah , Nkemenang Patrick , Duncker Jetske , Antier Zelie , Haile Melat , Gakima Primitive , Wamala Joseph F. , Loro Fredrick Beden , Biem Duol , Rull Monica , Azman Andrew S. , Rumunu John , Ciglenecki Iza 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Hepatitis E (HEV) genotypes 1 and 2 are the common cause of jaundice and acute viral hepatitis that can cause large-scale outbreaks. HEV infection is associated with adverse fetal outcomes and case fatality risks up to 31% among pregnant women. An efficacious three-dose recombinant vaccine (Hecolin) has been licensed in China since 2011 but until 2022, had not been used for outbreak response despite a 2015 WHO recommendation. The first ever mass vaccination campaign against hepatitis E in response to an outbreak was implemented in 2022 in Bentiu internally displaced persons camp in South Sudan targeting 27,000 residents 16–40 years old, including pregnant women.

Methods
We conducted a vaccination coverage survey using simple random sampling from a sampling frame of all camp shelters following the third round of vaccination. For survey participants vaccinated in the third round in October, we asked about the onset of symptoms experienced within 72 hours of vaccination. During each of the three vaccination rounds, passive surveillance of adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) was put in place at vaccination sites and health facilities in Bentiu IDP camp.

Results
We surveyed 1,599 individuals and found that self-reported coverage with one or more dose was 86% (95% CI 84–88%), 73% (95% CI 70–75%) with two or more doses and 58% (95% CI 55–61%) with three doses. Vaccination coverage did not differ significantly by sex or age group. We found no significant difference in coverage of at least one dose between pregnant and non-pregnant women, although coverage of at least two and three doses was 8 and 14 percentage points lower in pregnant women. The most common reasons for non-vaccination were temporary absence or unavailability, reported by 60% of unvaccinated people. Passive AEFI surveillance captured few mild AEFI, and through the survey we found that 91 (7.6%) of the 1,195 individuals reporting to have been vaccinated in October 2022 reported new symptoms starting within 72 hours after vaccination, most commonly fever, headache or fatigue.

Conclusions
We found a high coverage of at least one dose of the Hecolin vaccine following three rounds of vaccination, and no severe AEFI. The vaccine was well accepted and well tolerated in the Bentiu IDP camp community and should be considered for use in future outbreak response.
Efficacy of short-course treatment for prevention of congenital transmission of Chagas disease: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Moscatelli Guillermo , Moroni Samanta , Ramírez Juan Carlos , Warszatska Belén , Fernanda Lascano , González Nicolás , Rabinovich Andrés , Altcheh Jaime 
Published: January 2024

Background
In regions with controlled vector transmission of T. cruzi, congenital transmission is the most frequent route of infection. Treatment with benznidazole (BZ) or nifurtimox (NF) for 60 days in girls and women of childbearing age showed to be effective in preventing mother to child transmission of this disease. Reports on short-course treatment (≤30 days) are scarce.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study. Offspring of women with Chagas disease who received short-course treatment (≤30 days) with BZ or NF, attended between 2003 and 2022, were evaluated. Parasitemia (microhaematocrit and/or PCR) was performed at <8 months of age, and serology (ELISA and IHA) at ≥8 months to rule out congenital infection.

Results
A total of 27 women receiving ≤30 days of treatment and their children were included in this study. NF was prescribed in 17/27 (63%) women, and BZ in 10/27 (37%). The mean duration of treatment was 29.2 days. None of the women experienced serious adverse events during treatment, and no laboratory abnormalities were observed. Forty infants born to these 27 treated women were included. All newborns were full term, with appropriate weight for their gestational age. No perinatal infectious diseases or complications were observed.

Discussion
Several studies have shown that treatment of infected girls and women of childbearing age for 60 days is an effective practice to prevent transplacental transmission of T. cruzi. Our study demonstrated that short-duration treatment (≤30 days) is effective and beneficial in preventing transplacental transmission of Chagas disease.
An Unusual Hiccup: Severe Singultus as a Symptom in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Zaher Anas , Hans Amneet K. , Lukin Dana J. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Inflammatory bowel disease encompasses a group of chronic inflammatory conditions associated with both intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations. We present a 26-year-old man with a history of ulcerative colitis who presented with a disease exacerbation associated with severe intractable hiccups. We report a unique clinical symptom associated with severe ulcerative colitis and the diagnostic dilemma associated with this presentation. This case highlights the importance of recognizing unusual symptoms that can be associated with inflammatory bowel disease exacerbations and demonstrates the therapeutic potential of effective therapy of the underlying inflammatory disease.
“It was about making a new kind of slave”: corporeal sufferings of Afro-American woman in Megan Giddings’ Lakewood
Authors: Balasubramanian Adhitya , Balasubramanian Padmanabhan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The present article investigates the incapacitating bodily experiences of an unconsented African American research subject Lena Johnson in a Lakewood healthcare project by closely reading Megan Giddings’ novel Lakewood (2020). By Portraying the impact of various medical experiments that incarnate pernicious effects on Lena’s body, the deft fiction reminds the readers how the healthcare institutions in the US have been replete with the stereotypical racial beliefs. Afro-American literature while addressing the irrefutable presence of racial culture in the American society, has further emerged to portray the complex narrative experiences of black women in healthcare institutions. In this context, by drawing the theoretical postulates of Elizabeth Grosz and other theoreticians of varying importance, the article seeks to incorporate facets of corporeal feminism (ethical, ontological, and metaphorical dimensions) as its conceptual framework to examine the bodily intricacies and experiential agonies of Afro-American women in healthcare institutions.
De l’« êta négligé » au « pi tiré vers le bas » : problèmes d’identification et de dénomination des signes musicaux d’après le P. Mich. inv. 1205
Authors: Capron Laurent 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
P.Mich. inv. 1205 is a small papyrus fragment containing the remains of an instrumental music score. Relying on a paleographic and musical analysis to reinterpret the reading of the most frequent sign, the article substantially modifies the melodic structure, and raises the question of the link between the establishment of intrumental semiography and its nomenclature, leading to a better understanding of tables of musical signs in the treatises copied during the medieval period.
Through the Narrow Gate of Heaven: Christian Fragments from the Bodleian Library
Authors: Panegyres Konstantine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper presents editions of two small fragments of Christian papyri from the collection of the Bodleian Library, Oxford: Bodl. MS. Gr. th. g. 5 (P) and Bodl. MS. Gr. th. f. 16 (P). The first fragment deals with the two gates of heaven, the second with the subject of death.