bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal characteristics of magnetized hybrid Casson nanofluid flow in a converging–diverging channel with radiative heat transfer: a computational analysis
Authors: Akbar Noreen Sher , Hussain M. Fiaz , Alghamdi Metib , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the present article we consider the physical model of two-dimensional Casson hybrid nanofluids flow, which is magnetized and thermally radiative, laminar, incompressible inside the channel. Flow equations have been modelled for two dimensional axial and radial velocity components $$u$$
u
along $$x{\text{-axis}}$$

x
-axis

and $$v$$
v
along the $$y{\text{-axis}}$$

y
-axis

. There exists temperature $$\left({T}_{1}>{T}_{2}\right)$$

T
1

>

T
2

which is constant for upper and lower walls. The Casson nanofluids model with nano type particles includes heat transfer effect between two stretched and shrinking walls of the channel was constructed. The continuity, momentum and energy equations are modelled in cartesian coordinates system. The finite element technique is used to evaluate numerical solutions for velocity, temperature, Skin friction and Nusselt number. It is evident that the hybrid Casson nanofluids exhibit opposite behaviors in the stretching and shrinking cases near the upper and lower walls of the channel. It is also observed that in the stretching case, increasing the values of the Casson parameter leads to a rise in both shear stress and heat transfer rate for both plates of the channel. However, the results contradict this trend in the shrinking case. Understanding the thermal characteristics of magnetized hybrid fluids can be applied to the design of advanced cooling systems in engineering applications, biomedical fluid dynamic, in energy system this study can be applied to improve the efficiency of energy systems where fluid flow and heat transfer play crucial roles. Further use of nanofluids suggests a connection to nanotechnology, and the study may have implications for the development of advanced nanomaterial-based heat transfer fluids.
Expert teacher based on foundation image segmentation model for object detection in aerial images
Authors: Yu Yinhui , Sun Xu , Cheng Qing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the remarkable progress of general object detection, the lack of labeled aerial images limits the robustness and generalization of the detector. Teacher–student learning is a feasible solution on natural image domain, but few works focus on unlabeled aerial images. Inspired by foundation models with the powerful generalization in computer vision field, we propose an expert teacher framework based on foundation image segmentation model called ET-FSM. Our approach provides the performance gains for the student detector by generating high-quality pseudo-labels for unlabeled aerial images. In the ET-FSM, we design the binary detector with expert guidance mechanism to sufficiently leverage the extra knowledge obtained from the foundation image segmentation model, which accurately detects object positions in the complex backgrounds. Also, we present the momentum contrast classification module to distinguish confused object categories in aerial images. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we construct an unlabeled aerial image dataset covering various scenes. The experiments are conducted on diverse types of student detectors. The results show that the proposed approach achieves superior performance compared to existing methods, and allows the student detector to achieve fully supervised performance with much less labeled aerial images. Our dataset and code are available athttps://github.com/cq100/ET-FSM.
Identification of genetic variants and individual genes associated with postpartum hypocalcemia in Holstein cows
Authors: Novo Larissa C. , Poindexter Michael B. , Rezende Fernanda M. , Santos José E. P. , Nelson Corwin D. , Hernandez Laura L. , Kirkpatrick Brian W. , Peñagaricano Francisco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPeriparturient hypocalcemia is a complex metabolic disorder that occurs at the onset of lactation because of a sudden irreversible loss of Ca incorporated into colostrum and milk. Some cows are unable to quickly adapt to this demand and succumb to clinical hypocalcemia, commonly known as milk fever, whereas a larger proportion of cows develop subclinical hypocalcemia. The main goal of this study was to identify causative mutations and candidate genes affecting postpartum blood calcium concentration in Holstein cows. Data consisted of blood calcium concentration measured in 2513 Holstein cows on the first three days after parturition. All cows had genotypic information for 79 k SNP markers. Two consecutive rounds of imputation were performed: first, the 2513 Holstein cows were imputed from 79 k to 312 k SNP markers. This imputation was performed using a reference set of 17,131 proven Holstein bulls with 312 k SNP markers. Then, the 2513 Holstein cows were imputed from 312 k markers to whole-genome sequence data. This second round of imputation used 179 Holstein animals from the 1000 Bulls Genome Project as a reference set. Three alternative phenotypes were evaluated: (1) total calcium concentration in the first 24 h postpartum, (2) total calcium concentration in the first 72 h postpartum calculated as the area under the curve; and (3) the recovery of total calcium concentration calculated as the difference in total calcium concentration between 72 and 24 h. The identification of genetic variants associated with these traits was performed using a two-step mixed model-based approach implemented in the R package MixABEL. The most significant variants were located within or near genes involved in calcium homeostasis and vitamin D transport (GC), calcium and potassium channels (JPH3andKCNK13), energy and lipid metabolism (CA5A,PRORP, andSREBP1), and immune response (IL12RB2andCXCL8), among other functions. This work provides the foundation for the development of novel breeding and management tools for reducing the incidence of periparturient hypocalcemia in dairy cattle.
Shear mechanical response and deformation failure of F-type socket joint in a rectangular pipe jacking tunnel under different geologic conditions
Authors: Xu Youjun , Zhao Zhengrong , Zhang Chao , Zhang Xu , Pang Yuekui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe shear mechanical properties of F-type socket joints in rectangular pipe jacking tunnels are currently unknown. To investigate the shear mechanical response and deformation failure of the F-type socket joint in rectangular pipe jacking tunnels under different foundation coefficients, a laboratory joint test and numerical simulation method were used, considering the structural features of the joint. The results showed that the deformation process of a joint subjected to shear consists of four stages: gap closure, elastic growth, shear strengthening, and yield failure. The ultimate shear capacity of the joint increases by 25% to 34% for every 3 mm increase in the steel ring thickness. The chamfer yield damage area comprises approximately 15% of the steel ring. The joint concrete crack first appears at the top of the socket joint, and the concrete damage area accounts for about 40% of the whole pipe section. The failure characteristics of the joint are primarily manifested as drum and warp of the steel ring or cracking of the weld, and the concrete at the joint is crushed. In practical engineering, the weld should not be located at the chamfer. The steel ring at the chamfer needs to be locally strengthened, and the chamfer and the reinforcement at the top and bottom need to be increased to improve the bearing capacity of the concrete.
Comparative analysis of finite‐difference and split‐step based parabolic equation methods for tunnel propagation modelling
Authors: Qin Hao , Zhang Xingqi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRadio wave propagation modelling in railway environments is of fundamental importance in designing reliable train communication systems. Parabolic equation (PE) methods have been widely applied to the modelling of wave propagation in tunnels due to their high computational efficiency and fidelity. The finite‐difference parabolic equation (FDPE) and the split‐step parabolic equation (SSPE) methods are two commonly used approaches to solve PE numerically. However, the relevant literature is still missing a comprehensive study of their performance, including the selection of parameters such as discretisation steps and the tradeoffs involved in terms of their accuracy and efficiency, especially as current wireless systems shift to high frequencies. In this study, a systematic analysis of the error and computational complexity of the FDPE and SSPE methods for radio wave propagation modelling in tunnels is provided. Guidelines for the choice of their parameters are provided, and their performance is demonstrated through both numerical examples and experimental measurements in actual tunnel cases.
Metabolic Syndrome Components in Patients with Pituitary
Adenoma
Authors: Gonzalez-Almazan Jorge A. , Cortes-Contreras Ana Paula , Flores-Rabasa Regina , Mendez-Garcia Lucia A. , Escobedo Galileo , Navarro Olvera José L. , Carrillo-Ruiz José D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPituitary adenomas are benign tumors of the anterior portion of the pituitary
gland (adenohypophysis), representing the 25% of all the tumor
alterations. Pituitary adenomas are classified by the type of hormone secreted,
cellularity, size, and structural alterations by the hormonal segregation. The
diagnosis consists on the histopathological identification of cell types and the
image-guided by magnetic resonance or tomography; the treatment can be both
pharmacological and surgical. Metabolic Syndrome is the set of clinical
conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases with an estimated
prevalence of 25% worldwide. The alterations of metabolic syndrome are
obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus
type II. Pituitary adenomas and metabolic syndrome have an important
relationship, hormone-secreting by pituitary adenomas affects a myriad of
signaling pathways, which allows a favorable environment for the appearance of
the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, patients with pituitary adenomas are shown to
have an improvement in metabolic parameters after the medical/surgical
treatment. The objective of this review is to explore the possible mechanisms
through which PAs contributes to MetSx.
Convenient Synthesis of the Branched Hexasaccharide Repeating Unit of the Cell Wall O-Antigen of Escherichia coli O80 Strain
Authors: Misra Anup Kumar , Sahaji Samim 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChemical synthesis of a branched hexasaccharide corresponding to the cell wall O-antigen of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O80 strain has been achieved in very good yield with satisfactory stereochemical outcome around the glycosidic linkages by applying a regio- and stereoselective [4+2] block glycosylation strategy. The tetrasaccharide diol derivative was synthesized from suitably functionalized monosaccharide intermediates using sequential stereoselective glycosylations and the disaccharide thioglycoside donor was obtained applying a regio- and stereoselective orthogonal armed-disarmed glycosylation strategy using protected thioglycoside derivatives. A late-stage TEMPO and bis(acetoxy)iodobenzene (BAIB) mediated regioselective oxidation of the primary hydroxyl group of the protected hexasaccharide derivative to the carboxylic acid was achieved leaving secondary hydroxyl groups unaffected.
High-power quantum-limited 35 MHz photodiode and classical laser noise suppression
Authors: Dumont Vincent , Ma Jiaxing , Egan Eamon , Sankey Jack C. 
Published: December 2023

To benefit high-power interferometry and the creation of low-noise light sources, we develop a simple lead-compensated photodetector enabling quantum-limited readout from 0.3 to 10 mW and 10 kΩ gain from 85 Hz to 35 MHz, with a noise equivalent power of 9 pW/Hz. Feeding the detector output back to an intensity modulator, we suppress the classical amplitude noise of a commercial 1550 nm fiber laser to the shot noise limit over a bandwidth of 700 Hz–200 kHz, observing no degradation to its (nominally ∼100 Hz) linewidth.
Influence of doping and solvent interactions on the electronic and capacitive properties of metal-supported graphene: A combined DFT and AIMD study
Authors: Elshazly Mohamed K. , Huzayyin Ahmed , Dawson Francis 
Published: December 2023

Theoretical prediction of interfacial capacitance in graphene-based supercapacitors is crucial to accelerating materials’ design and development cycles. However, there is currently a significant gap between ab initio predictions and experimental reports, particularly in the case of nitrogen-doped graphene. Analyses based on changes to the density of states of freestanding graphene upon doping do not account for the electronic interactions between the electrode, dopants, and substrates. The result is an overestimation of the doping-induced capacitance increase by up to two orders of magnitude. Moreover, it is unclear whether electrolyte and solvent interactions can further complicate matters by inducing changes to the band structure and, therefore, the capacitive properties of the electrode. A third complication lies in the fixed-band approximation, where materials are simulated without accounting for the influence of an external electrical field. In this work, we present an interfacial modeling and characterization procedure that leverages the combined strengths of ab-initio molecular dynamics, density functional theory, and microscopic polarization theory to produce reliable predictions of interfacial capacitance. The procedure is applied to two case studies of interest in supercapacitor design: (1) nitrogen-doped graphene on a Cu(111) substrate and (2) an interface between bulk water and Cu(111)-supported graphene at room temperature. Results show that water alters graphene’s band structure from a semi-metallic to an n-doped-semiconducting character and that metallic substrates dominate the band structure of the electrode interface even in the presence of dopants. The water interface also shows an asymmetric capacitive response relative to the polarity of the applied field.
TurboGenius: Python suite for high-throughput calculations of ab initio quantum Monte Carlo methods
Authors: Nakano Kousuke , Kohulák Oto , Raghav Abhishek , Casula Michele , Sorella Sandro 
Published: December 2023

TurboGenius is an open-source Python package designed to fully control ab initio quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) jobs using a Python script, which allows one to perform high-throughput calculations combined with TurboRVB [Nakano et al. J. Phys. Chem. 152, 204121 (2020)]. This paper provides an overview of the TurboGenius package and showcases several results obtained in a high-throughput mode. For the purpose of performing high-throughput calculations with TurboGenius, we implemented another open-source Python package, TurboWorkflows, that enables one to construct simple workflows using TurboGenius. We demonstrate its effectiveness by performing (1) validations of density functional theory (DFT) and QMC drivers as implemented in the TurboRVB package and (2) benchmarks of Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations for several datasets. For (1), we checked inter-package consistencies between TurboRVB and other established quantum chemistry packages. By doing so, we confirmed that DFT energies obtained by PySCF are consistent with those obtained by TurboRVB within the local density approximation (LDA) and that Hartree–Fock (HF) energies obtained by PySCF and Quantum Package are consistent with variational Monte Carlo energies obtained by TurboRVB with the HF wavefunctions. These validation tests constitute a further reliability check of the TurboRVB package. For (2), we benchmarked the atomization energies of the Gaussian-2 set, the binding energies of the S22, A24, and SCAI sets, and the equilibrium lattice parameters of 12 cubic crystals using DMC calculations. We found that, for all compounds analyzed here, the DMC calculations with the LDA nodal surface give satisfactory results, i.e., consistent either with high-level computational or with experimental reference values.
Temperature oscillations provide access to high-order physical aging harmonics of a glass forming melt
Authors: Moch Kevin , Böhmer Roland , Gainaru Catalin 
Published: December 2023

A high-resolution, temperature oscillation-based probe of physical aging in complex systems is introduced. The Fourier analysis of the measured responses allows one to extract high-order, aging-related nonlinearities that are not accessible via traditional temperature-jump and temperature-ramp procedures. To demonstrate the potential of this oscillatory approach, we analyze the periodic time evolution of glycerol’s structural relaxation using shear rheology as a vehicle. Thereby, we access up to the sixth harmonic and detect aging fingerprints within a resolution range of three orders of magnitude for temperature amplitudes of up to 4 K. The even harmonics are present since aging is not symmetrical with respect to the direction of temperature change. The high-order aging coefficients obtained for glycerol are described reasonably well within the Tool–Narayanaswamy–Moynihan formalism.
Typicality effects in Spanish as a Foreign Language of intermediate and advanced level Greek learners
Authors: Agustín-Llach María Pilar , Palapanidi Kiriaki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Categorization and identification of typical exemplars within semantic categories is a universal skill of human
cognition which is involved in language development. However, cultural, and experiential aspects might influence typicality
effects. This paper examines the role of native language and culture on that categorization process and on typicality effects.
Towards that objective, we had Spanish native speakers and Spanish FL learners whose mother tongue is Greek complete a category
generation word association task. Data were analyzed within a network and graph theory framework as the best fitting for this type
of data, bearing in mind previous descriptions of semantic memory. Results showed how, indeed, native speakers and learners of
varying proficiency levels differ in their availability and production of typical exemplars, especially in slot-filler categories
versus taxonomic categories. Lexical access during category generation might be determined by native language and culture.
Additionally, natives’ mental lexicon seems to feature denser connections responsible for more efficient access.
Ammonia synthesis using atmospheric pressure fluidized bed plasma
Authors: Zen Shungo , Takeuchi Nozomi , Teramoto Yoshiyuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on ammonia synthesis using catalysts under mild conditions and by combining plasma with the catalysts. Increasing the contact area between the catalyst surface and atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is crucial for improving the ammonia synthesis efficiency. In this study, we present a fluidized bed dielectric barrier discharge (FB-DBD) method that can be used to form FB-DBD plasma through the electrohydrodynamics of DBD discharge without a feed gas. We performed ammonia synthesis experiments using our FB-DBD reactor. The results indicate that the FB-DBD plasma can achieve an energy yield of 5.9 g-NH3/kWh, which is about twice higher than that of conventional DBD plasma. Consequently, it can be implemented in various applications as a new reaction field between solids and gases where surface reactions are predominant.
Microstructural modification of metallic thin films via high-frequency alternating current treatment at room temperature
Authors: Gu Shaojie , Zhang Boran , Kimura Yasuhiro , Ju Yang , Toku Yuhki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study comprehensively investigates the effects of high-frequency alternating current (AC) on the adhesion strength between metallic thin films and substrates as well as on the resistivity of metallic films. Under AC treatment at the optimal frequencies of 26, 37, and 38 MHz, the adhesion strengths of the Al, Cu, and Pt films to a substrate increase by 44.9%, 42.0%, and 101.8%, respectively, whereas their resistivities decrease by 22.6%, 38.4%, and 8.1%, respectively, at optimal frequencies of 30, 40, and 20 MHz. Microstructural characterization results show that the metallic films exhibit nanometer-scale crystal grains with numerous defects (i.e., disordered atoms). However, the application of high-frequency AC significantly reduces these defects and improves the crystallinity, thereby promoting adhesion enhancement and resistivity reduction. The different optimal frequencies of the Al, Cu, and Pt films are attributable to the different atomic weights and resistivities of the materials. The high-frequency AC method proposed herein is a highly efficient and energy-conserving technique with a maximum temperature increase of less than 7.1 °C. This study provides a promising alternative to conventional heat treatment methods for enhancing the reliability and durability of wiring in semiconductor components.
A minimum entropy criterion for distribution selection for measurement uncertainty analysis
Authors: Huang Hening 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a minimum entropy criterion for selecting the best probability distribution among a set of candidate distributions based on available information for measurement uncertainty analysis. We consider two cases that are most commonly encountered in practice: A and B. In Case A, the available information is a series of observations. In Case B, the available information is the maximum permissible error according to manufacturer’s specification. Three candidate distributions are considered in Case A: the scaled and shifted z-distribution (i.e. normal distribution), the scaled and shifted t-distribution, and the Laplace distribution. Five candidate distributions are considered in Case B: rectangular, triangular, quadratic, raised cosine, and half-cosine. According to the proposed minimum entropy criterion, the scaled and shifted z-distribution is the best distribution in Case A, and the raised cosine distribution is the best distribution in Case B. A case study is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed minimum entropy criterion.
On-machine measurement method of hole parallelism error based on multi-sensor fusion
Authors: Zhou Honggen , Dong Baojiang , Li Guochao , Zhang Leyi , Fu Yanling , Hou Qiulin , Sun Li 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The hole parallelism error (HPE) is one of the key quality parameters for mechanical parts. However, HPE can usually be out-of-tolerance due to the coupling effect of residual stress, cutting stress, and geometric structure during its machining process. Thus, on-machine measurement and timely adjustment are important guarantees for HPE. This paper proposes an on-machine measurement method of HPE based on multi-sensor fusion that is low-cost, efficient, and suitable for mass production of parts. First, the axis of the cylindrical surface is directly extracted using five points according to the spatial line position relation. Then, the mathematical model of the HPE of two holes’ axes was established through the theory of spatial analytic geometry. The HPE is characterized using two parameters: parallelism magnitude and parallelism direction. Finally, the feasibility of the measurement method in principle and practical application is verified by simulation and experiment. The simulation tests show that the maximum value of the relative error of parallelism magnitude and parallelism direction is −1.38‱. The actual experiments show that the relative error of the measurement results compared with the coordinate measuring machine is 6.23%. None of the standard deviations exceeds the order of magnitude of 0.01 mm. The difference in measurement uncertainty is 0.0003 mm.