bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung Fibroblasts Take up Breast Cancer Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Partially Through MEK2-dependent Macropinocytosis
Authors: Wan Yuhao , Zhao Yue , Cao Minghui , Wang Jingyi , Tran Sheila V. , Song Zhixuan , Hsueh Brent W. , Wang Shizhen Emily 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EV) have emerged as critical effectors in the cross-talk between cancer and normal cells by transferring intracellular materials between adjacent or distant cells. Previous studies have begun to elucidate how cancer cells, by secreting EVs, adapt normal cells at a metastatic site to facilitate cancer cell metastasis. In this study, we utilized a high-content microscopic screening platform to investigate the mechanisms of EV uptake by primary lung fibroblasts. A selected library containing 90 FDA-approved anticancer drugs was screened for the effect on fibroblast uptake of EVs from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Among the drugs identified to inhibit EV uptake without exerting significant cytotoxicity, we validated the dose-dependent effect of Trametinib (a MEK1/2 inhibitor) and Copanlisib (a PI3K inhibitor). Trametinib suppressed macropinocytosis in lung fibroblasts and inhibited EV uptake with a higher potency comparing with Copanlisib. Gene knockdown and overexpression studies demonstrated that uptake of MDA-MB-231 EVs by lung fibroblasts required MEK2. These findings provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying lung fibroblast uptake of breast cancer cell-derived EVs, which could play a role in breast cancer metastasis to the lungs and suggest potential therapeutic targets for preventing or treating this deadly disease.

Significance:
Through a phenotypic screen, we found that MEK inhibitor Trametinib suppressed EV uptake and macropinocytosis in lung fibroblasts, and that EV uptake is mediated by MEK2 in these cells. Our results suggest that MEK2 inhibition could serve as a strategy to block cancer EV uptake by lung fibroblasts.
Contribution of the Landscape Evaluation in the Study of the Impact on Environment: Application of the Hydro-Québec Method on the Technical Landfill Center of Hamici, Tipaza (Algeria)
Authors: Benkahoul Leila , Aliouche Sihem , Khettab Samira 
Published: January 2024

The development and operation of Technical Landfill Centers (TLC) for urban solid waste lead to significant landscape alterations and have a negative impact on its overall image. However, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) conducted for these TLCs in Algeria do not currently consider the impact of this activity on the landscape as a determining factor for validating the implementation of the landfill site. It is limited, instead, to some mitigation measures.
This work addresses the importance of taking into account the impact of TLCs on the visible landscape through EIAs. In this context, the planned landscape integration measures within the scope of the EIA conducted by the Ministry of Environment for the urban solid waste landfill site of Hamici, situated 29 km from the capital Algiers, were examined. In addition, an evaluation the TLC’s impact on the visible landscape after its construction and operation was implemented using the Hydro-Québec method.
The results show a high visual impact of the TLC on the landscape unit receiving the landfill cells, a moderate impact on the unit receiving the TLC buildings, and a minor impact on the unit hosting the human settlement, which has the largest number of potential observers in the area. In the light of these findings, it is imperative to integrate landscape evaluation as an operational phase through EIAs before making decisions regarding the siting of landfill sites. This is essential for the purpose of preserving the image of the environment conveyed by the visible landscape.
Understanding the Recognition of Occupational Safety and Health: A Critique of Corporate Culture
Authors: Kusmayadi Yadi , Ronda Andi Mirza , Seran Alexander 
Published: January 2024

In the era of globalization, in the face of industrial competition, companies are attempting to instill a culture of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) as a symbol and image of their existence. However, it is unfortunate that the presence of OSH in the company does not always serve as a barometer of the company's normative compliance with OSH. In practice, the rules governing worker behavior still show varying degrees of permissiveness.
The practice of OSH must be accompanied by moral values in order to achieve the desired condition. Therefore, there are two behavioral approaches in OSH communication practices in companies: (1) do the things right, which means following the rules. This does not necessarily resolve OSH problems, as ‘rules’ at the minimum only regulate employee behavior and (2) do the right things, which is moral in nature, which allows workers to act and behave according to their nature because what is outlined in the rules does not always reflect free will, so in the end each worker must find a way to do what’s best.
The critical-interpretive approach with phenomenological method in research focuses on the meaning and awareness of OSH caused by communication distortion in the company on workers' behavior towards social reality as something complex, continuously evolving and full of meaning. In the development of Axel Honneth's conceptual dimensions of recognition theory (love, rights and solidarity) has a central role and solution in the distortion of corporate communication, especially in the implementation of OSH programs that emphasize the importance of recognizing worker relationships and developing self-confidence, self-respect and self-esteem, in the context of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and Governance Risk and Compliance (GRC), recognition theory provides implications for the importance of recognizing workers’ contributions to the goals achieved in the company, thereby increasing workers' dignity and individual values in the company.
Without social recognition, OSH will not be able to serve as operational barometer of a start-up company. It will only serve as a framing to protect the company, “as if” it already fulfills its legal obligations towards OSH.
Identifying and Categorizing Bias in AI/ML for Earth Sciences
Authors: McGovern Amy , Bostrom Ann , McGraw Marie , Chase Randy J. , Gagne David John , Ebert-Uphoff Imme , Musgrave Kate D. , Schumacher Andrea 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to improve performance across a wide range of Earth system prediction tasks. As with any application of AI, it is important for AI to be developed in an ethical and responsible manner to minimize bias and other effects. In this work, we extend our previous work demonstrating how AI can go wrong with weather and climate applications by presenting a categorization of bias for AI in the Earth sciences. This categorization can assist AI developers to identify potential biases that can affect their model throughout the AI development life cycle. We highlight examples from a variety of Earth system prediction tasks of each category of bias.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Tropical Cyclone Genesis Density in the Northwest Pacific
Authors: Li Shuo , Mei Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The small sample size of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis in the observations prevents us from fully characterizing its spatiotemporal variations. Here we take advantage of a large ensemble of 60-km-resolution atmospheric simulations to address this issue over the northwest Pacific (NWP) during 1951–2010. The variations in annual TC genesis density are explored separately on interannual and decadal time scales. The interannual variability is dominated by two leading modes. One is characterized by a dipole pattern, and its temporal evolution is closely linked to the developing ENSO. The other mode features high loadings in the central part of the basin, with out-of-phase changes near the equator and date line, and tends to occur during ENSO decay years. On decadal time scales, TC genesis density variability is primarily controlled by one mode, which exhibits an east–west dipole pattern with strong signals confined to south of 20°N and is tied to the interdecadal Pacific oscillation–like sea surface temperature anomalies. Further, we investigate the seasonal evolution of the ENSO effect on TC genesis density. The results highlight the distinct impacts of the two types of ENSO (i.e., eastern Pacific vs central Pacific) on TC genesis density in the NWP during a specific season and show the strong seasonal dependency of the TC genesis response to ENSO. Although the results from the observations are not as prominent as those from the simulations because of the small sample size, the high consistency between them demonstrates the fidelity of the model in reproducing TC statistics and variability in the observations.
Transparency in the use of assets confiscated from mafia organizations
Authors: Bisogno Marco , Cuadrado-Ballesteros Beatriz , Citro Francesca , Vaia Giovanni 
Published: January 2024

Several remedies can be adopted in the fight against organized crime and mafias. One of the most effective is the confiscation of their assets. After confiscation, assets can be used to provide services to citizens, frequently thanks to the support of non-profit organizations. With a focus on Italy, this study investigates the transparency of the confiscation process and the factors that explain why local governments provide (or do not provide) information on confiscated assets. Points for practitioners To facilitate dialogue with citizens, it is essential to consider the perspective of data users, so as to avoid focusing on the data provider. Such a dialogue can aid the adequate reuse of assets confiscated from the mafia and other criminal organizations, contributing to the ‘social’ fight against them. This article contributes to the debate on both transparency and studies on mafia organizations, providing a new insight through the consideration of how external pressures can drive public-sector entities to be more transparent.
3D micromechanical modeling of orthogonal hole saw cutting on CFRP composites
Authors: Hassouna Amira , Mzali Slah , Mezlini Salah , Alrasheedi Nashmi H , Hajlaoui Khalil 
Published: January 2024

In the interest of developing a comprehensive understanding of the drilling process using the hole saw tool, this article aims to build a three-dimensional (3D) micromechanical model representing the orthogonal cutting of CFRP using one tooth of the hole saw tool. For this purpose, a finite element model is developed using Abaqus Explicit code. The influence of various drilling parameters like rake angle, inclination angle and cutting-edge radius on the drilling quality is explored. Especially, chip formation mechanisms, cutting force and lateral damage are analyzed. Through finite element simulations and computational analyses, it is found that these outputs results are highly influenced by drilling parameters. When the fiber orientation angle is set to 0°, increasing the rake angle results in a change in the chip formation mechanism from buckling to bending. In contrast, with a fiber orientation angle of 90°, bending and shear governs the chip formation process, irrespective of the rake angle. In both cases, whether the fiber orientation angle is 0° or 90°, chips tend to fragment more favorably with increasing the inclination angle. Regarding the cutting-edge radius, when the fiber orientation angle is 0°, an increase in the cutting-edge radius leads to a transition in the chip-forming mechanism from buckling to bending. However, for a fiber orientation angle of 90°, the chip formation remains governed by bending even as the cutting-edge radius changes. Decreasing the rake angle, the inclination angle, and the cutting-edge radius contribute to a reduction of the cutting force. As the inclination angle and the cutting-edge radius increase, the lateral damage increases, while the rake angle has showed a negligible impact on the damage. These results provide a guidance on the appropriate hole saw tool parameters for a good drilling quality namely, a rake angle of 20°, an inclination angle of 5° and a cutting-edge radius of 0.03 mm.
Cyfra 21.1: A Useful Tumour Marker in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kuttanchettiyar Krishnakumar G. , V Viswanathan Kollengode , Chisthi Meer M. 
Published: January 2024

Background Pancreatic cancer is a challenging disease, often requiring invasive procedures for diagnosis. Reliable tumour markers are essential for ensuring early detection and better patient outcomes. Although Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 is the most commonly used marker, it is marred by low predictive accuracy and high false positivity. Carcino Embryonic Antigen also has limited practical use. A novel antigen, Cytokeratin fragment 21-1, is gaining significance for its diagnostic value in various tumours. Materials and Methods This prospective study aimed to evaluate the potential of Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 in comparison with Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Carcino Embryonic Antigen in diagnosing pancreatic cancer. From January 2016 to December 2019, 45 patients with confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were included in this cross-sectional study. Results Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 was raised in 22 patients, Carcino Embryonic Antigen was elevated in 17, and Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 was elevated in 30 cases. Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 was found to be elevated in the presence of jaundice. Both Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 had good correlation with stage of cancer, while Carcino Embryonic Antigen had very minimal correlation. Conclusion In this study, Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 was elevated in a higher number of cases than Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Carcino Embryonic Antigen. Both Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 and Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 correlated well with cancer stage. Also Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 was not affected by jaundice, unlike Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9. Therefore, Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 has the potential to be an effective individual tumour marker in pancreatic cancer.
Bilateral Distal Femoral Osteotomy for Valgus Knee Deformity May Result in Improved Patient-Reported Outcome Scores
Authors: Wongcharoenwatana Jidapa , Hamilton Amber A. , Hoellwarth Jason S. , Reif Taylor J. , Fragomen Austin T. , Rozbruch S. Robert 
Published: January 2024

Background: The lateral opening wedge distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) is an effective treatment for genu valgum to improve mechanical alignment, decrease lateral compartment loads, and decrease the risk of knee osteoarthritis. Multiple studies have utilized outcome scores assessing functional changes related to pain and joint stability, with a focus solely on knee pain and functional outcomes. Questions/purposes: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) that assessed knee function, pain, patient’s perception of body image, and limb deformity-related quality of life, both preoperatively and at least 1-year postoperatively. Methods: In a retrospective review of nontraumatic genu valgum patients who underwent bilateral DFO, preoperative and postoperative radiographs were evaluated. Routinely collected preoperative and 1-year postoperative PROMs scores were analyzed, using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Jr. (KOOS-JR) and the Limb Deformity-Modified Scoliosis Research Society (LD-SRS) score, in 72 limbs (36 patients): 7 men (19.44%) and 29 women (80.56%) with an average age of 35.34 ± 13.57 years. The mean follow-up time was 36.85 ± 24.43 months. Results: Overall mechanical axis deviation, lateral distal femoral angle, and mechanical axis alignment angle were significantly improved after DFO in all patients. Both PROMs also improved significantly from preoperative to postoperative scores: LD-SRS (3.10 ± 0.56 vs 4.19 ± 0.44, respectively) and KOOS-JR (63.02 ± 19.25 vs 78.06 ± 16.29, respectively). Conclusion: This retrospective review suggests that bilateral lateral opening-wedge DFOs in patients with symptomatic valgus knee deformity may be associated with improved overall knee health, limb deformity-related quality of life, and patients’ body image. Further study is needed.
Performance of chest X-ray scoring in predicting disease severity and outcomes of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Bangladesh
Authors: Nahar Shaima Shamsun , Haque Md Ahshanul , Sarmin Monira , Nuzhat Sharika , Jahan Yasmin , Bushra Matin Fariha , Shahrin Lubaba , Afroze Farzana , Saha Haimanti , Timu Rehnuma Tabassum , Kamal Mehnaz , Shahid Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin , Sultana Nadia , Mamun Gazi Md. Salahuddin , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Evaluation of potential outcomes of COVID-19-affected pneumonia patients using computed tomography scans may not be conceivable in low-resource settings. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the performance of chest X-ray scoring in predicting the disease severity and outcomes of adults hospitalised with COVID-19. Methods: This was a retrospective chart analysis consuming data from COVID-19-positive adults who had chest X-ray availability and were admitted to a temporary COVID unit, in Bangladesh from 23rd April 2020 to 15th November 2021. At least one clinical intensivist and one radiologist combinedly reviewed each admission chest X-ray for the different lung findings. Chest X-ray scoring varied from 0 to 8, depending on the area of lung involvement with 0 indicating no involvement and 8 indicating ⩾75% involvement of both lungs. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimum chest X-ray cut-off score for predicting the fatal outcomes. Result: A total of 218 (82.9%) out of 263 COVID-19-affected adults were included in the study. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated the optimum cut-off as ⩾3 and ⩾5 for disease severity and death, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, a chest X-ray score of ⩾3 was found to be independently associated with disease severity (aOR: 8.70; 95% CI: 3.82, 19.58, p < 0.001) and a score of ⩾5 with death (aOR: 16.53; 95% CI: 4.74, 57.60, p < 0.001) after adjusting age, sex, antibiotic usage before admission, history of fever, cough, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, total leukocytes count and C-reactive protein. Conclusion: Using chest X-ray scoring derived cut-off at admission might help to identify the COVID-19-affected adults who are at risk of severe disease and mortality. This may help to initiate early and aggressive management of such patients, thereby reducing their fatal outcomes.
CALR mutation burden in essential thrombocythemia and disease outcome
Authors: Guglielmelli Paola , Szuber Natasha , Gangat Naseema , Capecchi Giulio , Maccari Chiara , Harnois Michaël , Karrar Omer , Abdelmagid Maymona , Balliu Manjola , Nacca Elena , Atanasio Alessandro , Sestini Ilaria , Désilets Audrey , Loscocco Giuseppe Gaetano , Rotunno Giada , Busque Lambert , Tefferi Ayalew , Vannucchi Alessandro Maria 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Among 281 patients with essential thrombocythemia and calreticulin (CALR) mutation, we found a variant allele frequency of ≥60% to be associated with significantly shortened myelofibrosis-free survival, mostly apparent with CALR type-1 and CALR type-indeterminate mutations.
Nephron sparing surgery for renal hilar tumours: short-term follow-up of predominantly robot-assisted surgery cohort
Authors: Murugesan Anandan , Chinnusamy Ramesh , Madhavan Devdas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Hilar tumours are the renal tumours, which abut the renal artery or vein. Nephron sparing surgery (NSS) is of proven benefit among those with small renal masses. Hilar tumours are usually offered radical surgery due to the presumed difficulty in dissection, upgrading to tumour stage, and risk of conversion to radical surgery. We present our results of patients with hilar tumour undergoing nephron sparing surgery.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent NSS for renal hilar tumours in our tertiary referral institute from June 2017 to December 2022. The case sheets of all the patients who had undergone NSS were analysed and their radiology images reviewed. Those with hilar tumours were analysed based on demographic characters, perioperative and postoperative and follow-up details.

Results
Among a total of 21 patients undergoing partial nephrectomy, ten had hilar tumours. The median age was 43 years. Nine patients had robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and one underwent open partial nephrectomy. Seven patients had incidentally detected tumours. One had Grade 3 chronic kidney disease. The mean operative time and robot console time were 225 and 125 min, respectively. Median warm ischaemia time (WIT) was 36 min (25–48 min). One patient had grade 2 complication and two had grade 3 complication. Eight had clear cell renal cell carcinoma and one had positive margin. None had recurrence at a median follow-up of 38 months.

Conclusion
Nephron sparing surgery, especially with robot-assisted approach, is feasible in hilar tumours with prognosis and complications similar to non-hilar tumours in short-term follow-up.
The role of lymphatic vessels in corneal fluid homeostasis and wound healing
Authors: Hadrian Karina , Cursiefen Claus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe cornea, essential for vision, is normally avascular, transparent, and immune-privileged. However, injuries or infections can break this privilege, allowing blood and lymphatic vessels to invade, potentially impairing vision and causing immune responses. This review explores the complex role of corneal lymphangiogenesis in health and diseases. Traditionally, the cornea was considered devoid of lymphatic vessels, a phenomenon known as "corneal (lymph)angiogenic privilege." Recent advances in molecular markers have enabled the discovery of lymphatic vessels in the cornea under certain conditions. Several molecules contribute to preserving both immune and lymphangiogenic privileges. Lymphangiogenesis, primarily driven by VEGF family members, can occur directly or indirectly through macrophage recruitment. Corneal injuries and diseases disrupt these privileges, reducing graft survival rates following transplantation. However, modulation of lymphangiogenesis offers potential interventions to promote graft survival and expedite corneal edema resolution.This review underscores the intricate interplay between lymphatic vessels, immune privilege, and corneal pathologies, highlighting innovative therapeutic possibilities. Future investigations should explore the modulation of lymphangiogenesis to enhance corneal health and transparency, as well as corneal graft survival, and this benefits patients with various corneal conditions.