bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate loaded nanoparticles for HIV‐1 treatment
Authors: Obisesan Oluwafemi Samuel , Tshweu Lesego L. , Chauke Sipho , Malatji Kanyane Bridgett , Ramalapa Bathabile , Alexandre Kabamba B. , Mufhandu Hazel Tumelo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe remarkable ability of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to evade the host's immune system and conventional antiretroviral therapy, has posed significant challenges in achieving complete eradication of the virus in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). However, nanotechnology has emerged as promising avenue for addressing some of the obstacles associated with the use of antiretroviral drugs by modifying drug molecules in nanoscale dimensions. Hence, the present study explores the utilization of poly(epsilon‐caprolactone) (PCL) as a carrier for encapsulating tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), offering an alternative treatment approach for HIV infection. TDF‐loaded polymeric nanoparticles were successfully prepared using double emulsion solvent evaporation technique and characterized. The characterization of TDF‐loaded polymeric nanoparticles at varied drug to polymer ratios showed that TDF was loaded in PCL with an encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity in the range of 23–46% and 4.8–19.9%, respectively. Of note, the neutralization efficacy of TDF‐loaded polymeric nanoparticles was more improved compared to free TDF. Encapsulation of TDF with PCL did not hinder the antiviral activity of TDF against HIV‐1 infection but rather enhanced its potency.
A rate randomized geometric process with applications
Authors: Asadi Majid , Wu Shaomin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe geometric process has been widely studied in various disciplines and applied in reliability, maintenance and warranty cost analysis, among others. In its applications in maintenance policy optimisation, the geometric process assumes constant repair effectiveness by its process rate. Nevertheless, in practice, maintenance effectiveness may differ from time to time and can therefore be better depicted by a random variable. Motivated by this argument, this paper proposes a new variant of the geometric process, which is referred to as the rate randomized geometric process (RRGP). The probabilistic properties of the RRGP are then investigated. The maximum likelihood method is utilised to estimate the parameters of the RRGP. Numerical examples are given to show its applicability in both maintenance policy optimization and fitting real‐world failure datasets.
Excellent response to treatment with hydroxychloroquine in pediatric patients with SLE‐related immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Brik‐Simon Dafna , Efros Orly , Levinsky Yoel , Amarilyo Gil , Tirosh Irit , Levy‐Mendelovich Sarina , Steinberg‐Shemer Orna , Izraeli Shai , Yacobovich Joanne , Gilad Oded 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) may precede systemic autoimmune disorders. In adolescent patients with ITP, routine screening for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be performed by testing for antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a safe and effective immunomodulatory drug in patients with SLE but rarely used in ITP. We analyzed the platelet count response and safety of HCQ in treating pediatric patients with SLE‐related ITP.MethodsA retrospective study including pediatric patients with ITP and definite or incomplete SLE, who were treated with HCQ during 2010‐2021. SLE was defined by ANA titer ≥ 1:160 as measured by immunofluorescence and ≥10 points according to the 2019 EULAR/ACR 2019 classification criteria, while patients with incomplete SLE achieved a score < 10. Complete response (CR) of the platelet count was defined as platelet count > 100 × 109/L; partial response (PR) as platelet count 30‐100 × 109/L and exceeding ≥ twice baseline counts.ResultsOf the 17 patients included (median age 15.5 years; IQR 3.6), 15 (88.2%) were female, 13 had definite SLE, and four had incomplete SLE. HCQ was initiated at a median of 17 months after ITP diagnosis with a median platelet count of 38 × 109/L (IQR 28). At 8 weeks, 8 (47.1%) patients responded, including 6 (35.3%) achieving CR. After one year, the overall response was 82.4%, with the remaining patients having stable platelet counts requiring no additional ITP therapy. The response was maintained at a median follow‐up of 42 months. No adverse effects to HCQ were noted.ConclusionPediatric patients with SLE‐related ITP may benefit from treatment with HCQ.
Pain screening in youth with sickle cell disease: A quality improvement study
Authors: Vroom Dennis C. , Rodgers‐Melnick Samuel N. , Brown Tracie , Owusu‐Ansah Amma , Dusek Jeffery A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundYouth with sickle cell disease (SCD) face several challenges as they age, including increased pain frequency, duration, and interference. The purpose of this study was to (i) determine the feasibility of routine pain screening; (ii) identify and describe various clinical pain presentations; and (iii) understand preferences/resources related to engaging in integrative health and medicine (IHM) modalities within an outpatient pediatric SCD clinic.MethodsDuring routine outpatient visits, patients aged 8–18 completed measures of pain frequency, duration, and chronic pain risk (Pediatric Pain Screening Tool [PPST]). Participants screening positive for (i) persistent or chronic pain or (ii) medium or high risk for persistent symptoms and disability on the PPST were asked to complete measures of pain interference, pain catastrophizing, and interest in/resources for engaging in IHM modalities.ResultsBetween March 2022 and May 2023, 104/141 (73.8%) patients who attended at least one outpatient visit were screened. Of these 104 (mean age 12.46, 53.8% female, 63.5% HbSS), 34 (32.7%) reported persistent or chronic pain, and 48 (46.2%) reported medium or high risk for persistent symptoms and disability. Patients completing subsequent pain screening measures reported a mean pain interference T‐score of 53.2 ± 8.8 and a mean pain catastrophizing total score of 24.3 ± 10.2. Patients expressed highest interest in music (55.6%) and art therapy (51.9%) and preferred in‐person (81.5%) over virtual programming (22.2%).ConclusionsComprehensive pain screening is feasible within pediatric SCD care. Classifying patients by PPST risk may provide a means of triaging patients to appropriate services to address pain‐related psychosocial factors.
Micro‐mesoscopic analysis of 3D void formation and evolution in CFRP composite using high‐resolution x‐ray microtomography
Authors: Peng Yunfei , Li Maojun , Yang Xujing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVoid defect is prevalent during the composite manufacturing process and may reduce the mechanical properties of composite structures, while limited information about three‐dimensional void distribution and evolution can be found due to the difficulties in void observation. In this work, void defects at different positions were detected and analyzed using x‐ray microtomography (XRM), and the random forest algorithm was implemented for segmenting components of CFRP samples. Results showed a trend of gradual rising porosity in the axial direction, with an increase of ~250% of porosity at the outlet of resin injection compared to the one at the inlet during the composite manufacturing process. The voids mainly featured with microscale between carbon fibers, with less distribution between fiber bundles and resin‐rich zones. Void defects achieved aggregation at the middle position of manufactured laminate, which is probably related to pressure interception. In the axial direction, the proportion of large‐diameter voids gradually increased, and a large volume of connected voids appeared near the outlet. Due to the shear deformation of resin and fiber and the pressure gradient effect, most of the voids showed stripe shape. The spatial orientation of voids was predominantly along the direction of resin flow and fluctuated due to fiber curl.Highlights
3D void characteristics in CFRP were studied using the XRM technique.
Void formation and the effects of fibers on void morphology were analyzed.
Dynamic void transport mechanisms during CFRP manufacturing were studied.
Location and morphology of voids are helpful for CFRP damage modeling.
The effective partitioning of CFRP was achieved using a random forest algorithm.
Optimizing mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in core‐shell nanofiber epoxy self‐healing coatings: Impact of shell material variation
Authors: Xu Yangbo , Shen Rulin , Tang Juntao , Zou Xiangfu , Wan Wenhu , Guo Haibo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractShell materials play significant impact on corrosion resistance and mechanical properties on self‐healing coating of composite with core‐shell nanofiber. In this paper, three promising shell materials were investigated to optimize the performance of self‐healing coating. Self‐healing core‐shell nanofibers with different shell materials were prepared with coaxial electrospinning. The resulting nanofibers were used to prepare self‐healing corrosion resistance coating. The tensile test revealed a notable enhancement in the tensile strength of PA6 core‐shell nanofiber epoxy composite coatings compared with the epoxy coating, demonstrating increase of 26.92%. Friction and wear test indicated reductions in the friction coefficients of PAN, PVDF, and PA6 core‐shell nanofibers by 13.82%, 12.44%, and 26.27%, respectively. The self‐healing and anti‐corrosion abilities were evaluated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test. All three coatings exhibited exceptional self‐healing efficiencies exceeding 90%, highlighting the substantial potential of the chosen shell materials as nanocontainers for self‐healing agent. Results indicate that the nanofibers with PA6 as shell material can achieve the best enhancement performance, which has a greater potential for the corrosion protection and long‐lasting use of offshore wind turbine tower coatings.Highlights
Optimizing coating performance by screening coaxial nanofibers for shell materials
Shell material can improve the tensile strength of coating up to 26.92%
Friction coefficient of PA6 nanofiber coating was about 15% lower than PAN and PVDF
All three coatings exhibited exceptional self‐healing efficiencies exceeding 90%
Exploring the biases of the perception of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity of students from parents, teachers, self‐reports, and a VR measure
Authors: Cho Yeon‐Ji , Son Ha Min , Chung Tai‐Myoung , Kim Jaehyoun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSymptoms of inattention (IA), hyperactivity, and impulsivity present in school‐aged children are important indications of developmental problems. The assessment of these symptoms largely relies on questionnaires completed by parents, teachers, and the children themselves. However, inherent perceptual biases may lead to inaccuracies in these evaluations. This study investigates the biases among different respondents for 41 elementary‐aged students (19 male and 22 female) by analyzing their responses on the attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder‐rating scale (ADHD‐RS) through a novel virtual reality‐based objective measure (AttnKare‐D). Correlation analysis reveals higher agreement between parents and students compared to other informant pairs. Nevertheless, when compared with the objective measure, parents and students do not exhibit distinct separation between high and low‐scoring samples, whereas teachers demonstrate significant separation on various objective measure factors. This discrepancy suggests that teachers may possess a more accurate baseline for peer‐related measurements, leading to a more objective evaluation of ADHD symptoms. However, it is essential to acknowledge that teachers are not entirely exempt from biases. Gender‐specific comparisons reveal notable differences, with male children showing the largest separation in distractibility and female children in movement. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the significance of recognizing and addressing potential biases when interpreting questionnaires assessing symptoms of IA, hyperactivity, and impulsivity in children.
Human versus artificial intelligence‐generated arthroplasty literature: A single‐blinded analysis of perceived communication, quality, and authorship source
Authors: Lawrence Kyle W. , Habibi Akram A. , Ward Spencer A. , Lajam Claudette M. , Schwarzkopf Ran , Rozell Joshua C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundLarge language models (LLM) have unknown implications for medical research. This study assessed whether LLM‐generated abstracts are distinguishable from human‐written abstracts and to compare their perceived quality.MethodsThe LLM ChatGPT was used to generate 20 arthroplasty abstracts (AI‐generated) based on full‐text manuscripts, which were compared to originally published abstracts (human‐written). Six blinded orthopaedic surgeons rated abstracts on overall quality, communication, and confidence in the authorship source. Authorship‐confidence scores were compared to a test value representing complete inability to discern authorship.ResultsModestly increased confidence in human authorship was observed for human‐written abstracts compared with AI‐generated abstracts (p = 0.028), though AI‐generated abstract authorship‐confidence scores were statistically consistent with inability to discern authorship (p = 0.999). Overall abstract quality was higher for human‐written abstracts (p = 0.019).ConclusionsAI‐generated abstracts' absolute authorship‐confidence ratings demonstrated difficulty in discerning authorship but did not achieve the perceived quality of human‐written abstracts. Caution is warranted in implementing LLMs into scientific writing.
Breakthrough infection and reinfection in patients with mpox
Authors: Jiang Wenyi , Hu Yibo , Yang Xiu , Hou Lingli , Zhang Jingjing , Niu Hong , Hu Congxia , Lin Jihui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecently, patients with Mpox breakthrough infection or reinfection were constantly reported. However, the induction, risk factors, and important clinical symptoms of breakthrough infection and reinfection of Mpox virus (MPXV), as well as the factors affecting the effectiveness of Mpox vaccine are not characterized. Herein, a literature review was preformed to summarize the risk factors and important clinical symptoms of patients with Mpox breakthrough infection or reinfection, as well as the factors affecting the effectiveness of smallpox vaccine against Mpox. Results showed that MSM sexual behavior, condomless sexual behavior, multiple sexual partners, close contact, HIV infection, and the presence of comorbidity are important risk factors for Mpox breakthrough infection and reinfection. Genital ulcers, proctitis, and lymphadenopathy are the important clinical symptoms of Mpox breakthrough infection and reinfection. The effectiveness of emergent vaccination of smallpox vaccine for post‐exposure of MPXV is associated with smallpox vaccination history, interval between exposure and vaccination, and history of HIV infection. This review provides a better understanding for the risk factors and important clinical symptoms of Mpox breakthrough infection and reinfection, as well as the formulation of Mpox vaccine vaccination strategies.
Remote tele‐operation using model reference discrete‐time sliding mode control
Authors: Adhikary Nabanita , Bartoszewicz Andrzej , Dey Rajeeb 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, a dissipativity based discrete time sliding mode controller is proposed for bilateral tele‐operation in presence of communication delays and packet losses. The controllers for both master and slave arm are designed to follow a predefined impedance dynamics with dissipative characteristics. The slave arm controller is designed as a two layered structure. The first layer uses the tracking error between master and slave to create a target velocity profile based on the user defined impedance dynamics. The second layer uses this target velocity profile, slave motion and the contact forces to design a reaching law based discrete time sliding mode controller. A model following reaching law approach is used to design the sliding mode control which alleviates the chattering in the input by removing the impact of the accumulated effects of the past disturbance from the system. Moreover, an adaptive tuning method is used for the switching gain of the sliding mode control so that the controller can be designed even when exact information on the uncertainty bounds are unknown. Numerical simulations are presented for Phantom Omni arm to show the efficacy of the proposed method.
Injectable Nanocomposite Immune Hydrogel Dressings: Prevention of Tumor Recurrence and Anti‐Infection after Melanoma Resection
Authors: Zhu Wenxiang , Zhou Zheng , Yang Mengni , Chen Xin , Zhu Shuai , Yu Mengyi , Yu Zhiqiang , Wu Wenze , Liu Hairong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractComplex wound repair due to tumor recurrence and infection following tumor resection presents significant clinical challenges. In this study, a bifunctional nanocomposite immune hydrogel dressing, SerMA‐LJC, is developed to address the issues associated with repairing infected damaged tissues and preventing tumor recurrence. Specifically, the immune dressing is composed of methacrylic anhydride‐modified sericin (SerMA) and self‐assembled nanoparticles (LJC) containing lonidamine (Lon), JQ1, and chlorine e6 (Ce6). In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the nanocomposite hydrogel dressing can trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD) and has a potent anti‐tumor effect. Moreover, this dressing can mitigate the acidic microenvironment of tumor cells and suppress the overexpression of PD‐L1 on the tumor cell surface, thereby altering the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and augmenting the anti‐tumor immune response. Further, the RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the hydrogel dressing significantly impacts pathways associated with positive regulation of immune response, apoptotic process, and other relevant pathways, thus triggering a potent anti‐tumor immune response. More importantly, the dressing generates a substantial amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can effectively kill Staphylococcus aureus and promote infectious wound healing. In conclusion, this dual‐function nanocomposite immune hydrogel dressing exhibits promise in preventing tumor recurrence and promoting infectious wound healing.
Simultaneous Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Degradation of Dye Wastewater without Cocatalysts and Sacrificial Agents Based on g‐C3N5 and Hybridized Ni‐MOF Derivative‐CdS‐DETA
Authors: Yu Yongzhuo , Li Wei , Huang Yuxin , Yang Huixing , Lv Chaoyu , Yan Hui xiang , Lin Di , Jiao Shichao , Hou Linlin , Wu Zhiliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInspired by energy conversion and waste reuse, hybridized Ni‐MOF derivative‐CdS‐DETA/g‐C3N5, a type‐II heterojunction photocatalyst, is synthesized by a hydrothermal method for simultaneous and highly efficient photocatalytic degradation and hydrogen evolution in dye wastewater. Without the addition of cocatalysts and sacrificial agents, the optimal MOF‐CD(2)/CN5 (i.e. Ni‐MOF derivative‐CdS‐DETA (20 wt.%)/g‐C3N5) exhibit good bifunctional catalytic activity, with a H2 evolution rate of 2974.4 µmol g−1 h−1 during the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), and a removal rate of 99.97% for RhB. In the process of H2‐evolution‐only, triethanolamine is used as a sacrificial agent, exhibiting a high H2 evolution rate (19663.1 µmol g−1 h−1) in the absence of a cocatalyst, and outperforming most similar related materials (such as MOF/g‐C3N5, MOF‐CdS, CdS/g‐C3N5). With the help of type‐II heterojunction, holes are scavenged for the oxidative degradation of RhB, and electrons are used in the decomposition of water for H2 evolution during illumination. This work opens a new path for photocatalysts with dual functions of simultaneous efficient degradation and hydrogen evolution.
Starch‐Based Materials as a Natural Compound's Application in Water and Wastewater Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Asadi‐Ghalhari Mahdi , Usefi Saideh , Mahmoodi Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurrently, the application of natural materials is a good alternative to prevent secondary damage to humans and the environment. Therefore, in recent years, much attention has been paid to the use of these degradable and environmentally friendly materials to reduce toxicity and treatment costs. As a natural material, starch offers advantages of low cost, flexible modification, abundant presence of hydroxyl functional groups, and eco‐friendly. These configurations make it to a suitable material for remediation purposes, as it has received a great attention for removal of pollutants from water and wastewater, including but not limited to the heavy metals, pharmaceutical, dyes, and even inorganic contaminants. This work, therefore, aims to systematically evaluate starch‐based materials applications in remediation of water and wastewater media using the appropriate search terms from international databases including PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar, and through PRISMA checklist. For this, the publications from 1973 to 2021 are searched. In the initial search, 980 articles are found of which 49 articles are included in the study. Then, the performance of the starch‐based materials for every single study as the pollutant(s) involved is summarized and discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of such application are extracted and a perspective is presented accordingly. This comprehensive review shows that the starch‐based derivatives’ can be potential options in water and wastewater treatment purposes, especially those modified. However, some limitations should be overcoming before scaling of the results.
Genome‐wide identification, gene expression and haplotype analysis of the rhomboid‐like gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Huang Xiaoya , Zhang Long , Gao Weidong , Ma Jingfu , Chen Tao , Yang Delong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rhomboid‐like (RBL) gene encodes serine protease, which plays an important role in the response to cell development and diverse stresses. However, genome‐wide identification, expression profiles, and haplotype analysis of the RBL family genes have not been performed in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This study investigated the phylogeny and diversity of the RBL family genes in the wheat genome through various approaches, including gene structure analysis, evolutionary relationship analysis, promoter cis‐acting element analysis, expression pattern analysis, and haplotype analysis. The 41 TaRBL genes were identified and divided into five subfamilies in the wheat genome. RBL family genes were expanded through segmented duplication and purification selection. The cis‐element analysis revealed their involvement in various stress responses and plant development. The results of RNA‐seq and quantitative real‐time‐PCR showed that TaRBL genes displayed higher expression levels in developing spike/grain and were differentially regulated under polyethylene glycol, NaCl, and abscisic acid treatments, indicating their roles in grain development and abiotic stress response. A kompetitive allele‐specific PCR molecular marker was developed to confirm the
single nucleotide polymorphism of TaRBL14a gene in 263 wheat accessions. We found that the elite haplotype TaRBL14a‐Hap2 showed a significantly higher 1000‐grain weight than TaRBL14a‐Hap11 in at least three environments, and the TaRBL14a‐Hap2 was positively selected in wheat breeding. The findings will provide a good insight into the evolutionary and functional characteristics of the TaRBL genes family in wheat and lay the foundation for future exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of TaRBL genes in plant growth and development, as well as their response to abiotic stresses.