bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restoration Technology Hand in Hand With Nature-Based Solutions: ADNOC's Drone Led Mangrove Restoration Project
Authors: AlRaisi A. A. , Al Hameedi S. , AlBuainain R. M. , Glavan J. , Rhodes C. 
Published: October 2023

At the cutting edge of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) movement across the world, the utilization of drones for reforestation at a large scale puts the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as a pioneer not only in the Arabian Peninsula, but across the world. With only a handful of countries trying new mechanisms for aerial planting, and none at a large scale in the arid conditions of the Arabian Peninsula, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) has therefore been advancing science and this methodology. The objective of our project is to present the role of innovative technologies in supporting nature-based solutions through ADNOC's pilot project in utilizing drones for mangrove restoration along Abu Dhabi coast. ADNOC targets the plantation of 10 million mangroves by 2030. Those efforts support UAE's commitment of planting 100 million mangroves by 2030.
Drone habitat restoration projects support countries to meet the challenge of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) commitments, and UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) related targets amongst other ecological related commitments. This project is aligned align with and advance the below SDGs:
Quantifying CH4 and NO2 Emissions Using Satellite Measurements with Environmental Impact in Texas: A County-Wide Assessment for Oil & Gas Industry
Authors: Hungund Bilal , Nair Geetha , Rathore Pradyumna Singh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive machine learning and data science approach to predict and quantify ground-level methane concentrations using high-resolution satellite data, climate data, and production data. Our study focuses on quantifying ground-level methane concentrations in the Permian Basin, within Texas state, from January 2022 to December 2022. The Machine Learning (ML) pipeline includes data pre-processing, feature selection, model training, and evaluation. The dataset comprises TROPOMI methane mixing ratios and nitrogen dioxide columns, ERA5 climate variables, ground-level methane measurements from towers, and oil and gas production data. This study leverages Random Forest, Gradient Boosting (Light and Extreme) models, with hyperparameter tuning to optimize their performance. The results indicate that Extreme Gradient Boost model outperforms the other models, exhibiting a superior fit with minimal errors and accuracy of 95%. We also conducted feature importance analysis that highlights the significant contributions of nitrogen dioxide, air temperature, and methane mixing ratios with gas well gas production for predicting ground-level measurements. Additionally, the study demonstrates the spatial variations of methane concentrations county-wise on a weekly basis, with Winkler County exhibiting notably higher levels compared to other counties, providing valuable insights for environmental decision-making. These findings contribute to informed decision-making and targeted mitigation strategies for reducing methane emissions in the region.
Improving Lateral Drilling Performance by Better Understanding Energy Transition and Downhole Dysfunctions Using in Bit High Frequency Sensors
Authors: Kouzaiha R. , Saidi C. , Rehman R. , Behiani I. , Al-Khaldi S. , Al-Rahbi S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Oil field development have recently been connected with lateral drilling that enables higher exposition of reservoir formation and enhanced production. Lateral drilling brought new challenges of energy transfer especially when drilling with surface driven bottom hole assembly. Having a downhole, and at the bit measurement of the ratios of weight transfer is important to enhance drilling parameters and reduce lost energy and lost times in this drilling section.
Directional drilling recently has been mainly done with rotary steerable systems that are driven from the surface top drive with rotations and weight. In lateral drilling and due to the nature of the wellbore geometry, the energy from the surface is not transmitted to the drill bit due to high frictions between the drill string and the open-hole, cased hole, and the formation, along with the hole cleaning limitation due to the inclination at which the drilling is happening. Rotation, Weight, and Torque are a main limiter of the drilling rate of penetration of the section. Having in bit sensors enabled recording for the full length of the section to record bit motions and evaluate the rotation energy ratio transition, the strain sensor installed inside the bit enabled the calculation of the exact energy at the bit from both the weight and the torque.
Measuring at bit the weight, rotation, and torque at a high frequency rate enabled continuous sampling to help establishing an energy transfer ratio between the surface and real energy at the bit to enable the cutters to fail the rock and drill a certain rate of penetration. This information opened new limits to the lateral application drilling with several possible modifications in the inputted levels of energy in the system while measuring dysfunctions to reduce risks of damage to the downhole drilling assembly especially that this change in energy input was coupled with a change in downhole vibrations and system energy losses. Mechanical specific energy ratios along with dysfunction study at the bit helped building a new drilling road map, where with the same bottom hole assembly and drill bit reduced the lateral section drilling time by 22% compared to the previous average.
The new digitally enhanced drilling road map along with downhole measurements of energy at the bit have changed the drilling approach in the studied lateral section application to enable better energy transfer to the bit along with lower bit and drilling assembly vibrations to create more consistent performance with lower rates of failure and enhanced well construction time reducing the total cost and risk.
An Advanced Desalination System with an Innovative CO2 Power Cycle Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Terracciano Orazio Alberto , Francesco Francesco De , Brizzi Rita , Annese Francesco , Doninelli Michele , Putelli Lorenza , Gelfi Marcello 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The increase of CO2 emissions is causing critical consequences such as glacier melting and sea level rising; to reduce these effects, DeSolination project proposes an innovative power cycle for a desalination system where supercritical CO2 blends are targeted as the next generation of working fluids. This paper aims to provide an overview of the benefits of the whole project and to list the technical challenges faced and overcome in the design of turbomachinery.
Multiple aspects have been considered in the definition of the thermal cycle and of the working fluid: hazards, environmental impact and thermal stability of the fluid, compatibility with the materials of the equipment and cycle efficiency.
The needed turbomachinery for pure CO2 Rankine power cycle applications consists of a pump and an expander, coupled with a motor and a generator respectively: the cycle objective is to recover the heat of the primary cycle which exploits solar energy. The equipment will provide a controllable heat production and it can simulate various solar field heat productions, reproducing transient conditions.
The preliminary design phase of the thermal cycle and of the equipment evidenced conflicting requirements in the selection of the working fluid: after the study of the dopant effect on fluid properties, the most critical part of the analysis was to reach the desired hydraulic performance. CO2 blends allow an optimized integration of the power cycle to the desalination plant: the use of a dopant inside the blend makes it possible to operate with a pump instead of a compressor by increasing the critical temperature of CO2; therefore, by maintaining a minimum temperature of the liquid phase cycle compatible with the temperature of the hot source, the heat exchange can take place. The goal of making the cycle as efficient as possible led to the study of several CO2 dopants.
The material compatibility of the possible working fluids was discovered particularly critical for exposures at the maximum temperature of the cycle (550 °C), which is representative of the current CSP technology: the selection of the working fluid, therefore, has implied a trade-off between the material compatibility constraints and the maximization of the cycle efficiency. The dopant that showed the least overall corrosive interactions with tested materials was therefore selected for the DeSolination project.
The challenge of this project, whose first pilot plant will be launched in 2025, was to ensure competitive solutions on the market that develop high Concentrating Solar-thermal Power (CSP) energy efficiency (&gt;42% at 550 °C) and high conversion efficiency from heat to fresh water, with a reduction in CO2 emissions per cubic meter of desalinated water up to 70% compared to existing desalination systems.
Unlocking the Nahr Umr Play Potential in North Oman from Regional Evaluation of the Limestone Marker Unit
Authors: Belushi Maram Al , El-Ghali Mohamed A. K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Nahr Umr Limestone Marker Unit (NULMU) is a relatively thin layer encased in the regional Albian Nahr Umr shale over much of the Arabian Peninsula. In Oman, Nahr Umr Formation regionally seals Shuaiba Formation and underlies Natih Formation; both are prominent carbonate reservoir in northern Oman. The NULMU often presents hydrocarbon shows in the subsurface but has never been targeted as a reservoir or studied in detail.
This study focused on understanding the lithology, facies, depositional environment, regional distribution, and reservoir properties of the NUMLU to identify potential prospective areas. The study was based on a detailed sedimentological and Gamma Ray logging of outcrops (Jebel Madar and Wadi Bani Kharus), core analysis from 2 wells, petrographic description of 17 thin sections from outcrops and the subsurface, and well log analysis of 34 well penetrations. Subsurface data allowed well correlations across the basin and creation of regional depth and isopach maps.
The NULMU in Jebel Madar is ca. 4 m thick and comprises three distinct facies in ascending order: Orbitolina wackestone (Facies A), bioclastic mudstone (Facies B) and Orbitolina wackestone to packstone (Facies C). The facies represent a proximal, subtidal ramp depositional setting. Facies A is the most likely facies to act as a reservoir due to its coarser grain size and relatively higher visual porosity (up to 15%). However, in Wadi Bani Kharus the NULMU is ca. 9 m thick and dominated by mudstones (facies D) representing deeper marine, distal ramp depositional settings. The carbonate unit presents a shallowing upwards trend with a cycle boundary towards its top followed by rapid deepening into subtidal shales of the Nahr Umr Formation.
In the subsurface, the NUMLU is present at an average depth of 1600 m and is ca. 4 m thick, except around the Lekhwair High, where it was eroded at the base Tertiary unconformity. The facies vary from Facies A to Facies B as described from cores and thin sections with average log porosity is 18% and permeability of 2 mD. The high porosity values are in areas where the erosional contact between the Shuaiba and Nahr Umr formations is more pronounced. Thus, indicating that on regional highs (Lekhwair, East Lekhwair, and Dhulaima highs), with long lived exposure the NUMLU has greater chance of reservoir properties enhancement through secondary dissolution.
The results indicate that the main control on reservoir properties is related to original depositional setting with potential enhancement by later erosional exposure. This study helps to define on a regional scale, potential prospective areas that could be further explored to open a new play potential in Oman.
Improved Waterflood Recovery for a Mature Oilfield with Challenging Reservoir Conditions and Complex Development Status
Authors: Lu X. G. , Sun S. Q. , Shan G. J. , Lin L. H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Taking the North Saertu Development Area (NSDA), La-Sa-Xing oilfield in Daqing, China as an example, this paper presents best practices to improve mature field waterflood recovery. Placed onstream in 1963, development of the multi-layer sandstone reservoir experienced three-round infill drillings, EOR polymer flood and ASP flood. Strong reservoir heterogeneities, producing at water-cut &gt;90% starting in 1999, various IOR/EOR activities and several well-pattern types overlapping vertically led to extreme challenges for further improving waterflood recovery. This paper first introduces the general reservoir geology, reservoir heterogeneity characteristics, fluid properties and reservoir conditions, followed by illustrating its 60-year development history and key IOR/EOR activities implemented. The focus of this paper is to illustrate the strategy, fit-for-purpose technologies, and effective reservoir management practices to further improve waterflood recovery at extra-high water-cut development stage.
The discussed improved recovery practices are based on deliberate reservoir characterization and remaining oil study by integrating wireline logging, 3D seismic, production logging, sealed core data, production performance data and various other performance monitoring data. Several pilots on water-controlling, producing by-passed thick pay sands as well as re-arranging individual well pattern were conducted, providing a basis for field-wide application. Key strategy and technologies adopted are: 1) subdivision of individual injection-production interval and reduction well spacing; 2) improving water injection at individual well pattern and single flow-unit level; 3) combining waterflood and polymer/ASP flood by utilizing the same wellbore or well pattern to develop marginal pay sands in a cost-effective way; 4) improved zonal water injection by reducing individual injection thickness and permeability contrast within the injection interval; 5) improved injection profile through profile modification; 6) integrated approach to mitigate injected water channeling in thick pay sand; 7) cyclic water injection; 8) well drilling along fault plane producing by-passed oil; and 9) horizontal wells producing poorly swept or attic oil. The IOR and reservoir management activities have successfully arrested production decline, mitigated water-cut rising, leading to an increased waterflood recovery by &gt;2.5%.
Mainly implemented at development stage with extra-high water cut of 92%-95%, the integrated IOR and reservoir management activities discussed in this paper are all feasible, proved technically successful and cost-effective. These practices provide a road map and solutions for extending oilfield life or rejuvenation of a waterflood mature oilfield.
Towards 2030: Transforming Asset Emissions in Upstream Production Operations
Authors: Carydias Peter , Nielsen Preben 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Production operators urgently need to devise credible decarbonisation strategies for their assets. This is driven by regulatory shifts and commercial goals underscored by several global initiatives. These include: the SEC's mandate for emission disclosures, the GCC's headline greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, the IEA's net zero emissions framework, and the EU's 2030 plan.
There are three main levers for integrated gas operators:Optimising existing operations to improve efficiencyDesigning sustainable developments and modificationsRebalancing portfolios towards assets with lower carbon t intensity
Large capital projects, such as carbon capture and electrification, are typically proposed as responses to the second. However, assets already in operation often offer quicker returns, with scope to reduce ~10-20% of emissions and need to develop viable roadmaps.
Through our work in the integrated oil & gas industry over the past two years, we found that the majority of CO2e operational emissions reduction opportunities can be addressed by discrete improvement programmes on rotating reliability, process optimisation and methane leak reduction.
In this paper, we discuss how asset operators can drive their operations, energy transition and digital functions to realise significant CO2e benefits in a scale of months by:Developing a value-driven decarbonisation strategy for operations, identifying benefits in production, cost, and emissions, front-loaded with high impact, rapid 20-30% reduction initiatives that can be realised in the next 1-2 years.Implementing effective and auditable real-time monitoring of plant emissions direct from existing control systems, sensors, and imaging techniquesDriving a program of tech enabled optimisation levers and bringing this into new designs for CCUS, hydrogen and electrification projects for maximum benefits.
We are having success collaborating with our client's energy transition and digital functions to solve this problem together. In this paper, we introduce:A managed approach to deriving areas of focus (SCORE – Substitute, Capture, Offset, Reduce and Evaluate)A framework of methodologies, tools, and workshop to identifying value drivers, map client pain points, identify a long list of opportunities, and then focus on the top few to build into opportunity casesValue driver trees and associated solutions to drive down emissions in these areas of focus
We introduce three case studies that showcase the power of a value-driven emissions reduction strategy, implementing effective monitoring and deriving a program of tech enabled optimisation levers: A templatised oil & gas turbine efficiency uplift solution to tackle gas driven generation lever for a major upstream producer. Deep reinforcement learning (AI) to optimise power consumption of compressors while meeting nominations and emissions constraints for a major gas transmissions operator. Templatised venting emissions solution for a major onshore unconventional gas producer
Quantification & Reduction of Methane (GHG) Emissions Though Arial Intelligence
Authors: Fahy Ronnie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This comprehensive white paper delves into the myriad benefits of utilising Aerial Intelligence and Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) for methane quantification and leak detection in the oil and gas industry. Traditional methods of monitoring Greenhouse Gas (GHG) including methane emissions have proven to be time-consuming, costly, and limited in scope. However, RPAS equipped with advanced sensors and imaging technologies have emerged as a game-changing solution. By exploring the advantages, challenges, and prospects of RPAS-based GHG quantification and leak detection, this paper aims to shed light on the transformative potential of this technology in enhancing environmental sustainability and operational efficiency in the industry.
In this white paper, we delve into the wide-ranging benefits of RPAS technology for methane quantification and leak detection in the oil and gas industry. By highlighting the shortcomings of traditional methods, examining the capabilities of RPAS, and exploring real-world case studies, this comprehensive report aims to educate stakeholders about the immense potential of this transformative technology. Ultimately, RPAS-based methane quantification and leak detection can revolutionise the industry, enabling enhanced environmental stewardship, cost savings, and improved operational efficiency.
Breaking Gender Stereotypes: Advancing Women’s Careers in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Banihammad B. A. , Al Shehhi K. M. , Ashraf A. A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The oil and gas industry has historically been male-dominated, and women on site faced several challenges and obstacles. These include stereotypes and biases, safety concerns, physical demands, lack of support, and work-life balance issues. However, organizations can promote diversity and inclusion, provide education and training opportunities, create support systems, address safety concerns, offer flexibility, and challenge gender stereotypes to overcome these challenges. ADNOC, the national oil company of the United Arab Emirates, has implemented successful strategies to promote women on site. These include creating a gender-balanced work environment, investing in education and training, providing mentorship and leadership programs, addressing safety concerns, and celebrating success. Overall, these efforts have led to a more diverse and inclusive work environment, increased female representation and leadership, and improved safety and well-being for women in the industry.
Women’s contribution to field life is an essential aspect of sustainable development objectives for gender equality. Women have made significant strides in traditionally male-dominated fields such as engineering, operations, and production management. They have proven to be just as capable as men in handling the challenges of working in harsh and demanding environments. Their presence as front-liners has provided a new perspective and approach to problem-solving, leading to increased efficiency and productivity. Women in field life have also paved the way for future generations of female workers, demonstrating that gender is not a barrier to success. Their dedication to health, safety, and the environment has contributed to creating a more sustainable and responsible industry. Overall, women’s contribution to field life is a testament to their resilience, competence, and commitment to making a difference in the world.
Sand Waste Utilization for Dehydration Application
Authors: Suttipat Duangkamon , Pavasant Prasert , Sintharm Praewpakun , Sukeesan Suratsawadee , Watcharasing Sunisa , Kiattikomol Prapoj 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Natural gas operation & maintenance (O&M) at the Zawtika asset is facing challenges due to the increasing volume of production sand waste obtained from the separation between sand and natural gas using a desander unit. To align with PTTEP's Sustainable Development goals and Zero waste to landfills target, PTTEP is exploring the conversion of sand waste into high-value silica-based materials. Zeolite, a versatile material with exceptional adsorption and catalytic properties, is synthesized from the high-purity silica derived from the sand. The downstream pelletization is also crucial as it enhances the handling and usability of zeolite in various industrial applications including dehydration.
The project successfully achieved a high silica purity of approximately 98 wt.% through an extraction method, resulting in the production of nanosilica particles. Zeolite, specifically Zeolite A, synthesized from the sand-derived materials demonstrated high purity and quality. The pelletization process yielded promising results, including comparable water adsorption capacity and minimal reduction in compressive strength after adsorption.