bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut bacterial consortium enriched in a biofloc system protects shrimp against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection
Authors: Guo Haipeng , Fu Xuezhi , He Jikun , Wang Ruoyu , Yan Mengchen , Wang Jing , Dong Pengsheng , Huang Lei , Zhang Demin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Shrimp cultured in a biofloc system (BFS) have a lower disease incidence than those farmed in a water exchange system (WES). Although a number of studies have reported that the gut bacterial community induced by BFS is highly associated with shrimp disease resistance, the causal relationship remains unknown. Here, the promotive roles of gut bacterial community induced by BFS in pathogenic Vibrio infection resistance and its potential micro-ecological and physiological mechanisms were investigated by gut bacterial consortium transplantation and synthetic community (SynCom) construction.

Results
The BFS induced a more stable and resistant gut bacterial community, and significantly enriched some beneficial bacterial taxa, such as Paracoccus, Ruegeria, Microbacterium, Demequina, and Tenacibaculum. Transplantation of a gut bacterial consortium from BFS shrimp (EnrichBFS) greatly enhanced the stability of the bacterial community and resistance against pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus infection in WES shrimp, while transplantation of a gut bacterial consortium from WES shrimp significantly disrupted the bacterial community and increased pathogen susceptibility in both WES and BFS shrimp. The addition of EnrichBFS in shrimp postlarvae also improved the pathogen resistance through increasing the relative abundances of beneficial bacterial taxa and stability of bacterial community. The corresponding strains of five beneficial bacterial taxa enriched in BFS shrimp were isolated to construct a SynComBFS. The addition of SynComBFS could not only suppress disease development, but also improve shrimp growth, boost the digestive and immune activities, and restore health in diseased shrimp. Furthermore, the strains of SynComBFS well colonized shrimp gut to maintain a high stability of bacterial community.

Conclusions
Our study reveals an important role for native microbiota in protecting shrimp from bacterial pathogens and provides a micro-ecological regulation strategy towards the development of probiotics to ameliorate aquatic animal diseases.
Resonance as a medio-passive, emancipatory and transformative power: a reply to my critics
Authors: Rosa Hartmut 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis is a response to a critique of my theory in the Journal of Chinese Sociology. In this response, I take the relationship between resonance theory and the tradition of critical theory as the starting point, and discuss the contributions of the five commentators in terms of the focus of resonance theory and its extension to critical theory, the questions and concerns that such an extension may raise, and the overcoming and reflecting on Eurocentrism in resonance theory. Finally, I will conclude with some reflections on their approach.
Interaction graph learning of line cascading failure in power networks and its statistical properties
Authors: Ghasemi Abdorasoul , de Meer Hermann , Kantz Holger 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider line failure cascading in power networks where an initial random failure of a few lines leads to consecutive other line overloads and failures before the system settles in a steady state. Such cascades are rooted in non-obvious, long-range, and higher-order couplings among the lines’ flows induced by physical constraints on the network. Failure interaction graph encodes which and to what extent other lines in a networked system are affected after each line failure and can help to predict the final state after an initial disturbance. We perform data analytics on the final lines’ steady states of cascade trajectories to infer a specific line’s state given the states of others. We use a generative model to reconstruct possible steady states, and a predictive model aims to predict the probability of each line’s failures after the initial failure as a regression problem. The generative model uses regularized pseudolikelihood estimator to infer interaction weights by solving the inverse Ising problem and deploys Glauber dynamics to generate steady states. The discriminative model uses boosted trees to efficiently learn over training and predict over test data the state of each line as a target finding an appropriate subset of other lines’ states as explanatory variables. We analyze the degree distribution of the corresponding interaction graphs to study the number of other components affected by each line failure (out-degree) or the number of lines that affect the state of a given line (in-degree). Both models show that the in-degree follows a power-law distribution. Finally, we discuss the possible application of the interaction graph for early link removal to mitigate the failure-cascading consequences.
Thinking Inside the Box
Authors: Zhang Yuxing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Container aquaculture—a method that uses shipping boxes equipped with information technologies—is presented in China as an emblem of smart farming, and as a technological solution to the environmental degradation in natural water resources resulting from intensified aquacultural production. Container aquaculture aims at creating an orderly, self-contained ecosystem wherein the fish are managed in tandem with the water milieu via data governance. Its infrastructure operatively automates aquacultural practices into optimizable modules and programs biological and mechanical processes into interlocked components bearing distinctive functionalities within the artificial ecosystem. This article argues that the case of container aquaculture shows that algorithmically regulated and automated ecosystematic management does not always fulfill its promise; one still needs to navigate a dense web of interspecies associations filled with gaps and crossings between modes of being and values. Datafication is just one way to know and organize. An algorithmically controlled ecosystem cannot always accommodate the open-endedness of more-than-human ecologies. Drawing on works by Tsing, Stengers, and Satsuka, this article reappropriates what should be counted as the “smart” in farming by resituating it as a world-making practice in ecological collectives rather than in an abstract ecosystem, eschewing the fantasy of a singular criterion of evaluation and control.
Dynamic Batch Learning in High-Dimensional Sparse Linear Contextual Bandits
Authors: Ren Zhimei , Zhou Zhengyuan 
Published: October 2023

We study the problem of dynamic batch learning in high-dimensional sparse linear contextual bandits, where a decision maker, under a given maximum-number-of-batch constraint and only able to observe rewards at the end of each batch, can dynamically decide how many individuals to include in the next batch (at the end of the current batch) and what personalized action-selection scheme to adopt within each batch. Such batch constraints are ubiquitous in a variety of practical contexts, including personalized product offerings in marketing and medical treatment selection in clinical trials. We characterize the fundamental learning limit in this problem via a regret lower bound and provide a matching upper bound (up to log factors), thus prescribing an optimal scheme for this problem. To the best of our knowledge, our work provides the first inroad into a theoretical understanding of dynamic batch learning in high-dimensional sparse linear contextual bandits. Notably, even a special case of our result—when no batch constraint is present—yields that the simple exploration-free algorithm using the LASSO estimator already achieves the minimax optimal [Formula: see text] regret bound (s0 is the sparsity parameter or an upper bound thereof and T is the learning horizon) for standard online learning in high-dimensional linear contextual bandits (for the no-margin case), a result that appears unknown in the emerging literature of high-dimensional contextual bandits. This paper was accepted by Baris Ata, stochastic models and simulation. Funding: This work is supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant CCF-2106508]. Z. Zhou gratefully acknowledges the Digital Twin research grant from Bain & Company and the New York University’s 2022-2023 Center for Global Economy and Business faculty research grant for support on this work. Z. Ren was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant OAC 1934578] and by the Discovery Innovation Fund for Biomedical Data Sciences.
Supervision Of School Administrative Staff Competence To Improve School Administration Quality In Public High Schools
Authors: Lidyanti Nelfi , Kartiwi Asti Putri , Somantri Manap 
Published: October 2023

The background of this study is based on the need for more attention to the competencies possessed by school administration personnel, while administrative personnel is one of the pillars of school administrative services. The purpose of this study is to describe the planning, implementation, evaluation, and follow-up of supervision of school administrative personnel by school principals. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews, and documentation—analysis techniques through data collection, data reduction, conclusion-making, and triangulation. The results showed that the technical competence of the administrative staff at SMP Negeri Remban is quite good because they have good communication and always work together to expedite their work. In terms of role, the principal has played a role in improving the technical competence of administrative staff; this is indicated by the principal often taking the time to talk to the administrative staff so there is no awkwardness or fear between the principal and administrative staff; the principal also often holds meetings with administrative staff so that cooperation and communication between principals, teachers, and administrative staff are always well established. This research implies that the principal and education staff are an inseparable unit. Therefore it is hoped that good cooperation and communication between the two elements is expected so that in a future implementation, evaluation can be used as a guide as a follow-up if deficiencies are to be corrected.
Factors associated with unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment among homeless persons in Brazil: A retrospective cohort study from 2015 to 2020
Authors: Silva Rodrigues Osiyallê Akanni , Mogaji Hammed Oladeji , Alves Layana Costa , Flores-Ortiz Renzo , Cremonese Cleber , Nery Joilda Silva 
Published: October 2023

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is a preventable and a curable disease. In Brazil, TB treatment outcomes are particularly worse among homeless populations who are either of black race, malnourished or living with HIV/AIDS and other comorbidities. This study therefore evaluated factors associated with unsuccessful TB treatment among homeless population (HP) compared to those with shelter.

Methodology/Principal findings
The study population was composed of 284,874 people diagnosed with TB in Brazil between 2015 and 2020 and reported in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), among which 7,749 (2.72%) were homeless and 277,125 (97.28%) were sheltered. Cox regression analysis was performed with both populations to identify factors associated with unsuccessful TB treatment, and significant predictors of TB treatment outcomes. Results show that HP are more susceptible to unfavorable outcomes when compared to sheltered people (Hazard Ratio (HR): 2.04, 95% CI 1.82–2.28). Among the HP, illicit drug use (HR: 1.38, 95% CI 1.09–1.74), mental disorders (HR: 2.12, 95% CI 1.08–4.15) and not receiving directed observed treatment (DOT) (HR: 18.37, 95% CI 12.23–27.58) are significant predictors of poor treatment outcomes. The use of illicit drugs (HR: 1.53, 95% CI 1.21–1.93) and lack of DOT (HR: 17.97, 95% CI 11.71–27.59) are associated with loss to follow-up, while lack of DOT (HR: 15.66, 95% CI 4.79–51.15) was associated with mortality among TB patients.

Conclusion/significance
Homeless population living in Brazil are twice at risk of having an unsuccessful treatment, compared to those who are sheltered, with illicit drugs use, mental disorders and lack of DOT as risk factors for unsuccessful TB outcomes. Our findings reinforce the arguments for an intersectoral and integral approach to address these determinants of health among the vulnerable homeless populations.
Developmental learning disorders in children with prenatal/perinatal exposure to hypoxia: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Radtke Bartosz M. , Sajewicz-Radtke Urszula , Bieleninik Łucja , Lipowska Małgorzata 
Published: October 2023

Background
Developmental learning disorder (DLD) belongs to neurodevelopmental disorders because it results from the developmental neurodiversity of the brain. The main causes of DLD are genetics, but environmental factors, like inadequate supply of oxygen during pregnancy or labor, are considered.

Methods
Our search strategy will consist of electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) and hand searching. The observational studies including cohort and case-control studies will be included. The primary outcome will be (DLD). Screening and eligibility will be done independently by two reviewers based on pre-specified eligibility criteria. Data extraction will be based on a pre-pilot data extraction form, and conducted by two authors independently. Study quality will be assessed by two authors independently. Any discrepancies identified at any stage of the review will be resolved by discussion or/and consultation with another reviewer. We plan a narrative and tabular summary of the findings.

Discussion
This systematic review of aetiology follows the traditional approach to evidence-based healthcare. This secondary research will assess the association between hypoxia and DLD by assessing the relationship of health-related event and outcome and examining the association between them. This review can provide information for healthcare professionals and policymakers indicating whether taking into account information about hypoxia should be permanently included in the diagnostic ontogenetic interview in the process of diagnosing neurodevelopmental disorders.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO: CRD42022371387.
Oral Chinese herbal medicine in reducing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma after polypectomy: A protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Yi , Di Yuan Ming , Zhang Anthony Lin , Zhang Beiping , Xue Charlie Changli 
Published: October 2023

Background
Colorectal adenoma (CRA) is a significant precancerous lesion of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). CRA is likely to recur after polypectomy, increasing the risk of CRC. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been used to reduce CRA recurrence. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral CHM in reducing CRA recurrence compared to other treatments (placebo, routine care, no treatment, and conventional medicine).

Methods
We will search for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) from nine major biomedical databases in English and Chinese from their inception to July 2023. The RCTs that investigate the effects of oral CHM in reducing CRA recurrence compared to other treatments will be involved. We will exclude trials using CHM extract or external application of CHM, cohort study and cross-section study. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 2 will be used to assess the quality of included studies. Data will be analysed using Review Manager software 5.4 and STATA. The random effect model will be used. The heterogeneity of intervention effects will be tested by Chi2 (Cochrane Q) and I2 statistics. Funnel plots will assess publication bias if more than ten studies are included. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis will be conducted when possible.

Discussion
This review will discuss the effectiveness and safety of oral CHM in reducing CRA recurrence. It will show the critical information for clinicians in the decision-making process and countries to develop clinical guidelines on CRA management.
Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42023324197.
Influence of diet quality on nutritional status of school-aged children and adolescents in Zanzibar, Tanzania
Authors: Said Fatma Ali , Khamis Ahmed Gharib , Salmin Asha Hassan , Msellem Shemsa Nassor , Mdachi Kombo , Noor Ramadhani , Leyna Germana , Mchau Geofrey Joseph 
Published: October 2023

Background
Malnutrition among young children and adolescents poses a serious health challenge in developing countries which results in many health problems during adulthood. Poor diet quality is known as the root cause of malnutrition which is caused by unhealthy food choices and bad eating habits among young children and adolescents. However, limited evidence is available on diet quality and its association with nutrition status among young children and adolescents in Zanzibar. This study examined the diet quality and its relationship with the nutritional status of school-aged children and adolescents in Zanzibar.

Methods
Data for this study was obtained from the cross-sectional survey of School Health and Nutrition (SHN) conducted in Zanzibar. The survey recruited children aged 5–19 years from 93 schools in Zanzibar. A seven-day food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intake. Prime Dietary Quality Score (PDQS) consisted of 21 food groups was then constructed to assess the diet quality of school-aged children and adolescents. Body mass index (BMI-for-age Z-score) was used as the indicator of nutrition status. Both linear and logistic regression analysis techniques were used to determine the associations between BMI and PDQS.

Results
A total data of 2,556 children were enrolled in the survey. The prevalence of thinness was 8.1%, normal 82.1%, overweight 7.2% and obesity 2.6%. The mean (SD) PDQS score was 18.8 (3.2) which ranged from 8 to 33. Consumptions of green leafy vegetables (49.3%), yellow or red fruits (37.8%), legumes (38.3%), fish (36.3%), and vegetable oil (31.5%) were up to three times per week, whereas consumptions of white vegetables (77.3%), cooked vegetables (32.6%), citrus fruits (66.8%), other types of fruits (66.2%), nuts (46.4%), poultry (49.6%), whole grains (61%) and eggs (67.8%) were less than once per week. In terms of unhealthy foods, eating fried foods was reported by 26.3% up to three times per week, and 31.5% reported consuming sweets and ice cream up to three times in the past week. High PDQS was significantly associated with a reduction in BMI of children (p< 0.005). For each unit increase in the consumption of unhealthy foods such as fried foods, cooked vegetables and refined grains there is a significant increase in BMI. The odds of being obese decrease significantly as diet quality increases from the first to third quintile of PDQS (AOR = 0.2, 0.04–0.89 95% CI, p = 0.035).

Conclusion
Consumption of high quality diet was found to be associated with a reduction in excessive weight among school-aged children and adolescents in Zanzibar. There is a need for interventions targeting to reduce unhealthy food consumption in school environment. Further research should be conducted to assess diet quality using PDQS among young children and adolescents.
The Diagnostic Yield of Genetic Testing in Patients With Multiple Colorectal Adenomas: A Specialist Center Cohort Study
Authors: Mak Sau , Alexander James L. , Clark Susan K. , Hawkins Menna , Cuthill Victoria , Latchford Andrew , Monahan Kevin J. 
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Adenoma multiplicity is associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. The utility of genetic testing in patients with multiple colorectal adenomas (MCRA) remains uncertain. We evaluated the diagnostic yield of mutations in polyposis- and CRC-associated genes in patients with MCRA.

METHODS:
We performed a cross-sectional review of adult patients with 10–99 cumulative adenomas from the prospective database at the St Mark's Hospital Polyposis Registry and Family Cancer Clinic between 1999 and 2021. Genetic testing was performed for adenomatous polyposis–associated genes, hamartomatous polyposis–associated genes, and nonpolyposis colorectal cancer–associated genes. Clinicopathological outcomes were extracted for multiple logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:
Two hundred fifty-nine patients with MCRA (median age 61 [interquartile range 53–69] years) were identified. Sixty-six patients (25.5%) had a pathogenic variant or likely pathogenic variant, with APC and biallelic MUTYH mutations constituting the majority of identified pathogenic variant/likely pathogenic variants. Diagnostic yields were greater than 10% at any adenoma burden. In univariate analysis, higher adenoma burden and younger age were associated with higher yield (both P < 0.0001). In patients with MCRA with 10–19 adenomas without a relevant personal or family history of CRC, the diagnostic yield was nil. In multiple logistic regression analysis, higher adenoma burden, younger age, personal history of CRC, and first-degree familial history of CRC were associated with higher diagnostic yield.

DISCUSSION:
Diagnostic yield of >10% at any adenoma burden supports current guidance for constitutional genetic testing in patients with MCRA, although the low yield in people older than 60 years with 10–19 adenomas suggests that a stratified approach might be appropriate.
In Vitro Antiproliferative Efficacy, Antioxidant Activity and LC MS Based Metabolite Profiling of Premna Barbata Stem Bark
Authors: Joshi Bhuwan Chandra , Juyal Vijay , Sah Archana N. , Mukhija Minky 
Published: October 2023

Premna barbata Wall. ex Schauer is used traditionally as folkloric medicines for the treatment of differentpathological conditions. The first reported constituent from the bark of the plant was an iridoid glycoside premnosidic acid having antioxidant activity. Other species of this genus i.e., Premna latifolia, Premna tomentosa has shown to have antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Despite the ethnomedicinal uses, no scientific evidence in support of antitumor activity on the stem bark of Premna barbata is reported so far. Hence, the current work aims to assess anticancer potentiality of different extracts of P. barbata on various cancer cell lines. Different extracts i.e., Petroleum ether extract (PBPE), Chloroform extract (PBCE), Ethyl acetate extract (PBEE) and Alcoholic extract (PBAE) were prepared and on each extract in-vitro antiproliferative activity was performed by using SRB assay. The most potent extract i.e., PBEE was then evaluated for antioxidant activity. Qualitative phytochemical investigation of different extracts indicates the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, steroids/triterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and phenolic constituents. Ethyl acetate extract of Premna barbata gives potent cytotoxic activity in all cancer cell lines but more selectively to human colon cancer cell line (COLO-205) with GI 50 44.6 μg/ml. The phenolic and flavonoid content in ethyl acetate extract was 3.43±0.09 mg GE/g and 4.28±0.18mg QE/g respectively. Nineteen compounds were observed in positive (+) ESI mode chromatograms when LC-MS analysis was carried out. The LC-MS analysis by positive ionization mode, the predicted compounds such as Geniposidic acid (synonym: Premnosidic acid) and Rutin were detected. The cytotoxicity observed on cancerous cell lines in our study may be due to the presence of observed compounds. So, it can be concluded that Premna barbata stembark has remarkable cytotoxic activity against different tumor cell lines but the effect is more on colon cell lines as compared to others.