bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holographic Einstein rings of an AdS black hole in massive gravity
Authors: Hu Xin-Yun , Israr Aslam M. , Saleem Rabia , Zeng Xiao-Xiong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the context of holography, the Einstein ring of an AdS black hole (BH) in massive
gravity (MG) is depicted. An oscillating Gaussian source on one side of the AdS boundary
propagates in bulk, and we impose a response function to explain it. Using a wave optics imaging
system, we obtain the optical appearance of the Einstein ring. Our research reveals that the ring
can change into a luminosity-deformed ring or light spots depending on the variation of parameters
and observational positions. When observers are positioned at the north pole, the holographic
profiles always appear as a ring with concentric stripe surroundings, and a bright ring appears at
the location of the photon sphere of the BH. To investigate the distinct features of the MG AdS BH
from previous studies, we discussed the relation between the temperature T and the event horizon
ue
, which shows the decaying behavior with the increasing values of the event horizon
ue
, when the graviton parameter m is fixed. These in turn influence the behavior of the
response function and the Einstein ring. For example, the amplitude of the lensed response
function |〈O〉| increases with the increasing values of the graviton parameter m,
for the fixed value of the horizon ue
. On the other hand, the amplitude of the lensed
response function |〈O〉| decreases with the increasing values of the horizon
ue
, for the fixed value of graviton parameter m. These differences are also reflected in
the Einstein ring, where the intensities and the locations of the Einstein ring significantly vary
according to the numerical values of the involved parameters. These findings are also observed in
the brightness profiles and the best fit comparison between the results obtained by wave optics
and geometric optics for different values of graviton parameter m. In this perspective, our
study contributes to a better understanding of the analytical studies of holographic theory, which
can be used to evaluate different types of BHs for a fixed wave source and optical system.
Confronting global 21-cm signal with ℤ3symmetric dark matter models
Authors: Paul Debarun , Dey Antara , Dutta Banik Amit , Pal Supratik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhile the ℤ3symmetric dark matter models have shown tremendous prospects in addressing a number of (astro-)particle physics problems, they can leave interesting imprints on cosmological observations as well. We consider two such promising models: semi-annihilating dark matter (SADM) and Co-SIMP 2 → 3 interaction, and investigate their effects on the global 21-cm signal. SADM alone cannot address the EDGES dip but can perform better with the aid of an excess radio background, whereas Co-SIMP can naturally explain the EDGES absorption feature by virtue of an intrinsic cooling effect without invoking any such excess radiation. Hence, the latter model turns out to be a rare model within the domain of CDM, that uses leptophilic interaction to achieve the EDGES dip. Further, keeping in mind the ongoing debate between EDGES and SARAS 3 on the global 21-cm signal, we demonstrate that our chosen models can still remain viable in this context, even if the EDGES data requires reassessment in future. We then extend our investigation to possible reflections on the Dark Ages, followed by a consistency check with the CMB and BAO observations via Planck 2018(+BAO) datasets. This work thus presents a compelling case of exploring these interesting particle physics models in the light of different cosmological observations.
Cosmology with a supersymmetric local B - L model
Authors: Jeong Kwang Sik , Park Wan-il 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We propose a minimal gauged U(1)
B-L
extension of the minimal supersymmetric Standard
Model (MSSM) which resolves the cosmological moduli problem via thermal inflation, and realizes
late-time Affleck-Dine leptogensis so as to generate the right amount of baryon asymmetry at the
end of thermal inflation. The present relic density of dark matter can be explained by
sneutrinos, MSSM neutralinos, axinos, or axions. Cosmic strings from U(1)
B-L
breaking are
very thick, and so the expected stochastic gravitational wave background from cosmic string loops
has a spectrum different from the one in the conventional Abelian-Higgs model, as would be
distinguishable at least at LISA and DECIGO. The characteristic spectrum is due to a flat
potential, and may be regarded as a hint of supersymmetry. Combined with the resolution of moduli
problem, the expected signal of gravitational waves constrains the U(1)
B-L
breaking scale to
be 𝒪(1012–13) GeV. Interestingly, our model provides a natural possibility
for explaining the observed ultra-high-energy cosmic rays thanks to the fact that the core width
of strings in our scenario is very large, allowing a large enhancement of particle emissions from
the cusps of string loops. Condensation of LHu
flat-direction inside of string cores arises
inevitably and can also be the main source of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays accompanied by
ultra-high-energy lightest supersymmetric particles.
Improving the capacity of quantum dense coding via non-Hermitian operation
Authors: Leng Yang , Chen Fei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We propose a novel method to enhance the capacity of quantum dense coding under amplitude damping noise using non-Hermitian operations. With the assistance of non-Hermitian operations, we show that the capacity of quantum dense coding can always be larger than 1 for any two-qubit states. In particular, the non-Hermitian operation can improve quantum dense coding more efficiently in the case of strong decoherence strength than those with small decoherence strength. Our results shed new light on the protection of quantum dense coding in a quantum environment.
The single crystal diamond-based diagnostic suite of the JET tokamak for 14 MeV neutron counting and spectroscopy measurements in DT plasmas
Authors: Rigamonti D. , Dal Molin A. , Muraro A. , Rebai M. , Giacomelli L. , Gorini G. , Nocente M. , Perelli Cippo E. , Conroy S. , Ericsson G. , Eriksson J. , Kiptily V. , Ghani Z. , Štancar Ž. , Tardocchi M. ,   JET Contributors
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Joint European Torus (JET) has recently conducted its second deuterium–tritium (DT) experimental campaign DTE2, providing unique opportunity for studying both physics and engineering aspects of nuclear fusion plasmas. This also allowed the exploitation of new diagnostics and technologies that were not available during the first JET DT campaign held in 1997. Among these new instruments, the enhancement projects of the JET nuclear diagnostics lead to the development and installation of synthetic single crystal diamond detectors along different collimated line of sights. This paper describes the single crystal diamond-based diagnostic suite of the JET tokamak and the enhanced 14 MeV neutron diagnostic capabilities in terms of neutron yield and high resolution neutron spectroscopy. The diamond characterization measurements and the calibration procedure at JET are shown, together with performance of the diamond based neutron spectrometer as 14 MeV neutron yield monitor which allows the separation of 2.5 MeV and 14 MeV neutrons in trace tritium plasmas. The first high-resolution 14 MeV neutron spectroscopy measurements in neutral beam injection-heated DT plasmas are presented, allowing thermal and non-thermal neutron component separation. Prospects for the diagnose of DT burning plasmas such as ITER and SPARC will be presented.
Beyond dollars and cents: why socio-political factors matter in energy system modeling
Authors: Dioha Michael O , Montgomery Mikenna , Almada Rolando , Dato Prudence , Abrahams Leslie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Traditional energy system modeling (ESM) has predominantly focused on techno-economic factors such as costs and efficiency. However, this narrow perspective fails to capture the intricate interplay between energy systems and socio-political dynamics that significantly influence their real-world impact. This piece underlines the importance of incorporating socio-political factors into ESM and highlights the need for a more comprehensive approach. We identify several reasons why socio-political factors are often overlooked in ESM, including technical bias, complexity, data standardization challenges, time and resource constraints, and societal biases. These factors must be addressed to improve the relevancy of ESM, reduce social injustice, and promote innovation in the design of future energy systems. Incorporating socio-political factors into ESM offers several benefits. To achieve these benefits, the paper suggests a shift towards a more comprehensive and value-driven approach and offers several options for improving ESM including: (I) recognizing that socio-political factors are just as important as techno-economic factors (II) improving the structure of the modeling process (III) developing new and innovative metrics for socio-political factors (IV) linking different types of models (V) emphasizing the need for interdisciplinarity in ESM. By prioritizing the aspects of the energy system that concern people to the same degree we prioritize cost, we can derive value-driven insights to assist in creating a more sustainable future for all.
Ship recycling—estimating future stocks and readiness for green steel transformation
Authors: Bleischwitz Raimund , Höller Jannik , Kriegl Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article addresses ship recycling. Often criticized for dire health and safety conditions at breaking destinations in the Global South, our article considers ship recycling as a potential future source for secondary steel in green transformations. It represents an analysis of forthcoming changes in the regulatory framework, an initial assessment of steel stocks based on publicly available data, and a local case study. Here, the article assesses the capability of Bremen, a city in Northern Germany, to gain a relevant future market share. Our results indicate (a) the regulatory framework is dynamic due to the entry into force of the Hong Kong Convention in 2025 und the current revision of the EU Ship Recycling Regulation; (b) the future market is significant, roughly equivalent to the entire current US car fleet in terms of steel stocks; (c) the ability to act locally depends on a variety of critical factors, including political will, entrepreneurial capital, and space requirements. The article concludes with an outlook on the importance of such a development for the transition towards ‘net zero steel’ and provides a perspective on future research needs.
Fluctuation of the phase boundary in the six-vertex model with domain wall boundary conditions: a Monte Carlo study
Authors: Lyberg Ivar , Korepin Vladimir , Viti Jacopo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe consider the six-vertex model with domain wall boundary conditions in a square lattice of dimensionN × N. Our main interest is the study of the fluctuations of the extremal lattice path about the arctic curves. We address the problem through Monte Carlo simulations. AtΔ=0, the fluctuations of the extremal path along any line parallel to the square diagonal were rigorously proven to follow the Tracy-Widom distribution. We provide strong numerical evidence that this is true also for other values of the anisotropy parameter Δ (0⩽Δ<1). We argue that the typical width of the fluctuations of the extremal path about the arctic curves scales asN1/3and provide a numerical estimate for the parameters of the scaling random variable.
Comprehensive assessment of solid waste management of a highly urbanized city in Metro Manila, Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Osorio E , Bularan L , Tanchuling M , Ty S , Inocencio B , Lu P , Requejo B , Caraan L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to gather primary and secondary data on the municipal SWM system of an urban area in Metro Manila during the pandemic to design targeted and effective measures to improve SWM practices and reduce plastic pollution. The study results show that the city’s waste generation rate is at 0.93 kg/cap/day, while the disposal rate is at 0.66 kg/cap/day. Most of the wastes in both generation and disposal are biodegradables, mainly consisting of food wastes. Among the plastic wastes, lightweight plastic bags were the most abundant in terms of weight. From total plastics waste generation, about 7% of them entered the water system; 5% retained on land and the remaining are burnt or in storm drains. An important recommendation from this baseline study is the effective segregation of biodegradable, recyclable, residual, and special wastes.
Effect of rare earth Ce addition on inclusions in offshore engineering steel containing arsenic
Authors: Yu Yinhong , Feng Xiaoming , Luo Diqiang , Zhang Zhenming , Lai Chaobin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study investigates the impact of rare earth Ce addition and holding time on inclusions in offshore engineering steel containing arsenic. The analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum (SEM-EDS), automatic statistics of inclusions, and thermodynamic analysis. The results indicate that prior to the addition of rare earth Ce, the typical inclusions in the steel were Al2O3, MnS and Al2O3-MnS, with an average size of approximately 2.51 μm and an irregular or stripe morphology. Upon the addition of rare earth Ce, the inclusions in the steel were transformed into Ce-S(-O), Ce-As(-O) and Ce-S-As(-O), with a smaller average size and a spherical or ellipsoidal morphology. The smallest average size of inclusions in the steel was observed when rare earth Ce was added and held for 5 min; this size was 33% smaller than that prior to the addition of Ce. The thermodynamic calculation revealed that the Ce-S(-O) inclusion is formed in molten steel, while the Ce-As(-O) inclusion is formed during the solidification stage. As element replaced parts of the S and O elements in the Ce-S(-O) inclusion and formed the Ce-S-As(-O) complex inclusion, characterized by a double-layered structure.
A comprehensive modeling for the CO2 electroreduction to CO
Authors: Agliuzza Matteo , Pirri Candido Fabrizio , Sacco Adriano 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the research for the decarbonization processes, electrochemistry is among the most studied routes for the conversion of carbon dioxide in added-value products, thanks to the up-scalability and the mild conditions of work of the technology. In this framework, modeling the electrochemical reactor is a powerful tool to predict and optimize important features of the electroreduction. In this study, we propose a comprehensive modeling for the whole electrochemical reactor, which has been validated through the experiments with good agreement. In particular, the performance of the cell is studied as a function of the voltage applied, for different sizes of the reactor. Furthermore, the model has been used to study the chemical conditions at the cathode surface, as well as electrochemical conditions at different applied biases and flow rates of the electrolyte.
2023 roadmap on ammonia as a carbon-free fuel
Authors: David William I F , Agnew Gerry D , Bañares-Alcántara René , Barth James , Bøgild Hansen John , Bréquigny Pierre , de Joannon Mara , Fürstenberg Stott Sofia , Fürstenberg Stott Conor , Guati-Rojo Andrea , Hatzell Marta , MacFarlane Douglas R , Makepeace Joshua W , Mastorakos Epaminondas , Mauss Fabian , Medford Andrew , Mounaïm-Rousselle Christine , Nowicki Duncan A , Picciani Mark A , Postma Rolf S , Rouwenhorst Kevin H R , Sabia Pino , Salmon Nicholas , Simonov Alexandr N , Smith Collin , Torrente-Murciano Laura , Valera-Medina Agustin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The 15 short chapters that form this 2023 ammonia-for-energy roadmap provide a comprehensive assessment of the current worldwide ammonia landscape and the future opportunities and associated challenges facing the use of ammonia, not only in the part that it can play in terms of the future displacement of fossil-fuel reserves towards massive, long-term, carbon-free energy storage and heat and power provision, but also in its broader holistic impacts that touch all three components of the future global food-water-energy nexus.
Impact of the
Ce 4f
states in the electronic structure of the intermediate-valence superconductor CeIr3
Authors: Fujimori Shin-ichi , Kawasaki Ikuto , Takeda Yukiharu , Yamagami Hiroshi , Sasabe Norimasa , Sato Yoshiki J , Nakamura Ai , Shimizu Yusei , Maurya Arvind , Homma Yoshiya , Li Dexin , Honda Fuminori , Aoki Dai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The electronic structure of the f-based superconductor

C
e
I

r
3

was studied by photoelectron spectroscopy. The energy distribution of the

C
e

4
f

states were revealed by the

C
e

3
d
−
4
f

resonant photoelectron spectroscopy. The

C
e

4
f

states were mostly distributed in the vicinity of the Fermi energy, suggesting the itinerant character of the

C
e

4
f

states. The contribution of the

C
e

4
f

states to the density of states (DOS) at the Fermi energy was estimated to be nearly half of that of the

I
r

5
d

states, implying that the

C
e

4
f

states have a considerable contribution to the DOS at the Fermi energy. The

C
e

3
d

core-level and

C
e

3
d

x-ray absorption spectra were analyzed based on a single-impurity Anderson model. The number of the

C
e

4
f

states in the ground state was estimated to be

0.8
−
0.9

, which is much larger than the values obtained in the previous studies (i.e.

0
−
0.4

).
Heart rate detection of ballistocardiogram based on improved DAE and template matching method
Authors: Mou Zonglei , Han Lei , Chen Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ballistocardiogram (BCG) is a non-invasive physiological signal detection method that can be used for non-contact detection of resting heart rate (RHR) and has been widely used in human health monitoring. However, the BCG signal is vulnerable to noise, making it challenging to accurately measure heart rate. In this paper, we propose a noise reduction model for the BCG signal based on Gramian Angular Field (GAF) and an improved Denoising Autoencoder (DAE), referred to as the GDAE model, to accurately detect heart rate in noise-contaminated signals. First, the Gramian Angular Field transform is used to convert the one-dimensional BCG signal into two-dimensional image information, highlighting the difference between the signal centroid information and noise information; after that, the transformed image is denoised by the Denoising Autoencoder to obtain a denoised BCG signal. After noise reduction, the heart rate of the subject is calculated using the adaptive template matching method. The test proves that under the strong noise interference, the proposed method improves the recall by 6.87% and the accuracy by 6.02% compared with the traditional method, indicating a better detection effect. Furthermore, the comparison test shows that the GDAE model has a significant noise reduction effect on the BCG signal, which improves the practicality of the BCG method for heart rate detection.
Development and Validation of Facial Line Distress Scale for Forehead Lines: FINE-FL
Authors: Kang Eunjee , Kang Danbee , Kim Sooyeon , Choi Kyeongrok , Lee Wooshun , Cho Juhee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Forehead lines (FL) are one of the main signs of aging. Traditional tools to measure FL have limited ability to evaluate the multidimensional impact of these lines on appearance, confidence, and psychological and social relationships.

Objectives
We developed and validated the Facial Line Distress Scale–Forehead Lines (FINE-FL) to evaluate the severity and psychosocial distress associated with FL.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey for FINE-FL psychometric validation at a tertiary hospital and 2 local clinics in Korea. First, a preliminary item pool for the FINE-FL was developed through a qualitative interview based on literature reviews and expert consultations. Second, cognitive interviews and a pilot test were conducted to evaluate comprehension, ease of response, acceptability of terminology, phrasing, and response options. FINE-FL consisted of 26 items. In this study, exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify the underlying factor structure of the FINE-FL, and internal consistency and test-retest reliability were also examined.

Results
We found 21 items in 4 domains. The model fit was good. Coefficient αs ranged from 0.89 to 0.95 for subdomains and 0.96 for the total. The FINE-FL was moderately correlated with the appearance appraisal score. On the test-retest, the range of the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.65 to 0.79.

Conclusions
FINE-FL is a reliable, valid, and comprehensive patient-reported outcome measure for assessing FL severity and distress. This will be helpful in determining a patient's eligibility for inclusion in a study and measuring primary or secondary effectiveness endpoints for forehead line treatment.
pyScoMotif: discovery of similar 3D structural motifs across proteins
Authors: Cia Gabriel , Kwasigroch Jean , Stamatopoulos Basile , Rooman Marianne , Pucci Fabrizio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Motivation
The fast and accurate detection of similar geometrical arrangements of protein residues, known as 3D structural motifs, is highly relevant for many applications such as binding region and catalytic site detection, drug discovery and structure conservation analyses. With the recent publication of new protein structure prediction methods, the number of available protein structures is exploding, which makes efficient and easy-to-use tools for identifying 3D structural motifs essential.

Results
We present an open-source Python package that enables the search for both exact and mutated motifs with position-specific residue substitutions. The tool is efficient, flexible, accurate, and suitable to run both on computer clusters and personal laptops. Two successful applications of pyScoMotif for catalytic site identification are showcased.

Availability and implementation
The pyScoMotif package can be installed from the PyPI repository and is also available at https://github.com/3BioCompBio/pyScoMotif. It is free to use for non-commercial purposes.