bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstracts
Authors: Frude Neil 
Published: November 2003

Korner, S. and Brown, G. (1990) Exclusion of children from family psychotherapy: Family therapists' beliefs and practices. Journal of Family PsychologyScharff, J.S. (1989) Play with young children in family therapy: An extension of the therapist's holding capacity. Journal of Psychotherapy and the FamilyHalperin, S. M. (1989) A neglected triangle: Grandmother, mother, and daughter. Contemporary Family Therapy: An International JournalWojcik, J.V. and Iverson, E.R. (1989) Therapeutic letters: The power of the printed word. Journal of Strategic and Systemic TherapiesCassano, D.R. (1989) Multi‐family group therapy in social work practice. Social Work with GroupsRoberts, M., Caesar, L., Perryclear, B. and Phillips, D. (1989) Reflecting team consultations. Journal of Strategic and Systemic TherapiesWarner, M.S. (1989) Empathy and strategy in the family system. Person Centered ReviewDeBord, J.B. (1989) Paradoxical interventions: A review of the recent literature. Journal of Counseling and DevelopmentCole, D.A. and Jordan, A.E. (1989) Assessment of cohesion and adaptability in component family dyads: A question of convergent and discrimimant validity, Journal of Counseling PsychologyMusante, L., Treiber, F.A., Strong, W.B. and Lecy, M. (1990) Individual and cross‐spouse correlations of perceptions of family functioning, blood pressure and dimensions of anger. Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Admissions to neonatal intensive care unit following pregnancies complicated by gestational or type 2 diabetes
Authors: Watson Diana , Rowan Janet , Neale Lee , Battin Malcolm R. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractBackground:  When gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is diagnosed in a population with a high prevalence of unrecognised type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM), the rate of neonatal morbidity is not clear. There is also a paucity of data reporting neonatal outcome in women with recognised type 2 DM.Aim:  To describe, in a population with a high background prevalence of type 2 DM, neonatal morbidity in infants of women with GDM and type 2 DM admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods:  A 2‐year audit was carried out in a tertiary level obstetric hospital with a multi‐ethnic delivery population. All infants admitted to the NICU whose mothers had GDM or type 2 DM were identified from the hospital database. The records of 136 infants were retrospectively reviewed and data collected on outcome measures including maternal diagnosis, macrosomia, mode of delivery, delivery complications, hypoglycaemia, respiratory distress and congenital anomalies.Results:  Admission to NICU occurred in 29% of GDM and 40% of type 2 DM pregnancies. Median gestation was 37 weeks (range: 25–41), with 46% delivered preterm. Forty percent of infants were delivered by emergency Caesarean section. Fifty‐one percent of admissions had hypoglycaemia and 40% required support for respiratory distress. Women with type 2 DM diagnosed either prepregnancy or post‐partum were the highest risk group for neonatal morbidity, including congenital anomalies.Conclusions:  Neonatal morbidity is common in infants of women with type 2 DM and GDM in a population with high prevalence of type 2 DM.
Effects of inter‐row hoeing and fertilizer placement on weed growth and yield of winter wheat
Authors: Melander B , Cirujeda A , Jørgensen M H 
Published: November 2003

SummaryInter‐row hoeing is known to control tap‐rooted and erect weed species more effectively in winter wheat than weed harrowing. However, little is known about its effectiveness for use in the spring in winter wheat grown at wide row spacing (240 mm) under the influence of different placement of fertilizer. Two field experiments, one in 1999 and one in 2000, were conducted to study the influence of fertilizer placement, timing of inter‐row hoeing, and driving speed on the weeding effect on different weed species and crop growth. Placement of fertilizer below the soil surface improved crop growth and grain yield in both years compared with placement on the surface, but the more vigorous crop did not give any better suppression of the weeds surviving hoeing. Timing was not important in one experiment, whereas hoeing twice beginning in early April was more effective in the other experiment where weed growth over the winter had been vigorous. Driving speed had no influence on either the weeding effect or the yield, except for one case where increasing speed reduced the control of well‐developed weeds. Compared with unweeded reference treatments, inter‐row hoeing reduced total weed biomass by 60–70% and tap‐rooted and erect weed species in particular by 50–90%. Sowing at 240 mm row spacing yielded less than 120 mm (Danish standard), and inter‐row hoeing for winter wheat needs to be adapted to narrower row spacing to avoid such yield decreases.
Optimization of hydroponic bioassay for herbicide tepraloxydim by using water free from chlorine
Authors: Sandín‐España P , Llanos S , Magrans J O , Alonso‐Prados J L , García‐Baudín J M 
Published: November 2003

SummaryInitial attempts to develop a hydroponic bioassay test for tepraloxydim failed due to lack of repeatability. Investigation of the fate of tepraloxydim in test media revealed that small residues of chlorine and chloramines present on distilled water cause fast degradation of the herbicide. Half‐life of tepraloxydim in the presence of a chlorine excess was determined to be DT50 < 5 s. Reaction with chloramines was slower (DT50 = 4.5 h). Finally, when this factor was eliminated by using water completely free of chlorine, the main process that took place was the isomerization of the oxime group (E vs. Z). However, the overall degradation was slow (DT50 = 17 days) and the hydroponic bioassay was optimized in the absence of chlorine.
Field assessment of thermal after‐ripening time for dormancy release prediction in Lolium rigidum seeds
Authors: Steadman K J , Bignell G P , Ellery A J 
Published: November 2003

SummaryDormancy release was studied in four populations of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) seeds to determine whether loss of dormancy in the field can be predicted from temperature alone or whether seed water content (WC) must also be considered. Freshly matured seeds were after‐ripened at the northern and southern extremes of the Western Australian cereal cropping region and at constant 37°C. Seed WC was allowed to fluctuate with prevailing humidity, but full hydration was avoided by excluding rainfall. Dormancy was measured regularly during after‐ripening by germinating seeds with 12‐hourly light or in darkness. Germination was lower in darkness than in light/dark and dormancy release was slower when germination was tested in darkness. Seeds were consistently drier, and dormancy release was slower, during after‐ripening at 37°C than under field conditions. However, within each population, the rate of dormancy release in the field (north and south) in terms of thermal time was unaffected by after‐ripening site. While low seed WC slowed dormancy release in seeds held at 37°C, dormancy release in seeds after‐ripened under Western Australian field conditions was adequately described by thermal after‐ripening time, without the need to account for changes in WC elicited by fluctuating environmental humidity.
Effect of triclosan on healing following non‐surgical periodontal therapy in smokers
Authors: Kerdvongbundit Varunee , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractBackground: Tobacco smoking is an established risk factor for periodontitis, and is associated with periodontal attachment and tooth loss. Clinical studies have indicated that smoking may adversely affect and impede healing following periodontal therapy. Adjunctive antimicrobials, on the other hand, have been shown to enhance the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice on healing following non‐surgical periodontal therapy in smokers.Methods: Sixty smokers (aged 35–59 years; 23 females) with chronic periodontal disease volunteered to participate in a double‐blind, randomized, controlled, clinical trial. The subjects were randomly assigned to use a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride (30 subjects) or a standard fluoride (30 subjects) dentifrice and received detailed information on proper techniques for self‐performed plaque control. The participants then received non‐surgical periodontal therapy followed by periodontal maintenance care every 6 months over 24 months. Clinical recordings included evaluation of oral hygiene standards, gingival health, and periodontal status.Results: Subjects using the triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice exhibited significantly improved oral hygiene conditions, gingival health, and periodontal status compared with those using the standard fluoride dentifrice over the 24‐month maintenance interval.Conclusions: The results suggest that an oral hygiene regimen including a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice may sustain the short‐term effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy in smokers.
Psychometric properties of the SF‐36 in the early post‐stroke phase
Authors: Hagen Suzanne , Bugge Carol , Alexander Helen 
Published: November 2003

Background.  Patients who have had a stroke are a large group in whom long‐term disability is common and therefore impaired general health is likely. The Short Form 36 (SF‐36) is a popular measure of general health that has been used with this patient group, but not all aspects of its psychometric properties have been established for use in this context, and its use in the early post‐stroke phase has been neglected.Aims.  To examine the reliability, validity and sensitivity to change of the SF‐36 (UK version I) in patients in the early post‐stroke period.Design.  A prospective, observational study of stroke outcomes was carried out.Research methods.  From May 1996 to April 1997, patients who had had a stroke were identified by 24 general practices in Scotland and were recruited within 1 month of their stroke, whether in hospital or at home. Outcome measures including the SF‐36 were administered at one, 3 and 6 months after onset.Results.  The internal consistency of the eight subscales at all three time‐points was good except for 1 month Vitality (α = 0·6824) and 3 month General Health (α = 0·6650), which were borderline in comparison with the criterion value of 0·7. Construct validity was adequate overall, although correlations between Role Physical and General Health and the Barthel Index and Canadian Neurological Scale were lower than hypothesized. Most SF‐36 subscales were sensitive to change between 1 and 3 months post‐stroke, but none detected change between 3 and 6 months.Conclusions.  There were some practical problems in using the SF‐36 in an acutely unwell stroke population. However, analysis of psychometric properties suggested that most of the subscales were adequately reliable and valid. Sensitivity to change was poorer in the later stages of the study.
Toward a New Critical Theory with a Cosmopolitan Intent
Authors: Beck Ulrich 
Published: November 2003

AbstractIn this article I want to outline an argument for a New Critical Theory with a cosmopolitan intent. Its main purpose is to undermine one of the most powerful beliefs of our time concerning society and politics. This belief is the notion that “modern society” and “modern politics” are to be understood as society and politics organized around the nation‐state, equating society with the national imagination of society. There are two aspects to this body of beliefs: what I call the “national perspective” (or “national gaze”) of social actors, and the “methodological nationalism” of scientific observers. The distinction between these two perspectives is important because there is no logical co‐implication between them, only an interconnected genesis and history.
The dental management of adult patients with haemophilia and other congenital bleeding disorders
Authors: Brewer A. K. , Roebuck E. M. , Donachie M. , Hazard A. , Gordon K. , Fung D. , Clarkson J. 
Published: November 2003

Summary.  The management of adult dental patients with congenital bleeding disorders has caused a considerable number of problems to the dental profession [1]. There is a need to simplify the process and identify what can be safely carried out on a ‘shared care’ basis in General Dental Practice or the Community Dental Service. Particular problems are discussed with special reference to those requiring hospital care.The Scottish Oral Health Group for Medically Compromised Patients has developed this clinical guidance in conjunction with the Scottish Haemophilia Directors. It is important that dental care is easily available for this group of patients, especially those living at some distance from the regional centres. The aim is to simplify planning dental care for this group of patients and remove a number of myths concerning their management [2]. The hospital departments, both medical and dental, must be available for advice and to arrange for treatment that is inappropriate outside a specialist hospital.
Differential effect of dexamethasone on cell death and STAT5 activation during in vitro eosinopoiesis
Authors: Debierre‐Grockiego Françoise , Fuentes Vincent , Prin Lionel , Gouilleux Fabrice , Gouilleux‐Gruart Valérie 
Published: November 2003

Summary.  Glucorticoids reduce eosinophilia through a direct effect on eosinophils or indirectly on cells producing cytokines and chemokines. Conflicting data have been previously reported concerning glucocorticoid effects on eosinopoiesis. To elucidate this point, dexamethasone was added during eosinophil differentiation of CD34+ cells. Dexamethasone enhanced proliferation and differentiation through an early effect on immature cells. Dexamethasone inhibited apoptosis during early differentiation, whereas death of mature cells was increased. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) is a transcription factor involved in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of haematopoietic cells, which interacts with glucocorticoid receptor. Activation of STAT5 by interleukin‐5 was investigated during eosinophil differentiation. Long isoforms of STAT5 were activated during the entire period in the culture as well as in blood eosinophils, while short isoforms were only activated during early differentiation. Short isoforms were less activated in the presence of dexamethasone. This suggests that dexamethasone could act on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis during eosinophil differentiation through an association of STAT5 with the glucocorticoid receptor.
Exogenous retinoic acid decreases in vivo and in vitro proliferative activity during the early migratory stage of neural crest cells
Authors: Salvarezza S. B. , Rovasio R. A. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated that directional migration of neural crest cells (NCC) is associated with a high cell density, resulting from an active cell proliferation. It is also known that treatment with retinoic acid (RA) causes a dose‐dependent inhibition of proliferation of some cell types, and that administration of RA during the early stages of embryonic development, induces cranio‐facial abnormal patterns corresponding to NCC derivatives. In view of these findings, it was of interest to determine if exogenous RA is a potential modulator of the mitotic rate of NCC, and to explore the hypothesis of an inhibitory effect exerted by RA on the proliferative behaviour of NCC in vivo and in vitro.Homogenates of RA‐treated chick embryos showed a low [3H]dT incorporation, indicating a generalized diminution of DNA synthesis. The labelling index (LI=number of labelled cells/total number of cells) revealed that NCC from RA‐treated and control embryos had higher values of [3H]dT incorporation than neural tube cells (P < 0.0001). Autoradiographs of RA‐treated chick embryos showed a significantly lower [3H]dT incorporation in NCC at the prosencephalic and mesencephalic levels, as well as in the neural tube cells at the prosencephalic, mesencephalic and rhombencephalic levels, than in control chick embryos (P < 0.0001). NCC cultures treated with 1 or 10 μm RA had a significantly lower LI than in cultures treated with 0.1 μm RA or control cultures (P < 0.04). In chick embryos, the mitotic index of NCC was 0.026 for RA‐treated and 0.033 for controls, while the duration of the cell cycle was significantly longer in the NCC of RA‐treated embryos (∼ 40 h) than in controls (∼ 25 h). The length of the cell cycle phases of NCC was similar in both experimental conditions, except for G1 phase, which was significantly longer in the RA‐treated group than in controls.These results show that RA blocks DNA synthesis and lengthens the proliferative behaviour of NCC both in early chick embryos and in vitro, effects that could modify the morphogenetic patterns of NCC distribution through a decreased cell population.
Acromegalic features in growth hormore (GH)‐deficient patients after long‐term GH therapy
Authors: Carvalho Luciani R. , Justamante de Faria Maria Estela , Farah Osorio Maria Geralda , Estefan Vivian , Lima Jorge Alexander Augusto , Arnhold Ivo Jorge Prado , Mendonca Berenice Bilharinho 
Published: November 2003

Summarybackground  Craniofacial, hand, foot and somatic growth depend on normal GH secretion. Acromegalic features have been described in children with GH insensitivity after IGF‐I treatment. We observed patients with acromegalic features such as increase of foot size, nose and jaw enlargement among our cases with GH deficiency, treated with standard recombinant (rh)GH doses. The aim of our study was to analyse the possible factors involved in the development of acromegalic features in these patients.patients  We evaluated 21 patients, 17 with combined pituitary hormone deficiency and four with isolated GH deficiency treated with rhGH (0·05–0·15 U/kg/day, sc, at night) for 2–12 years who achieved final height. IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 were measured before and every 6 months during therapy and bone age was evaluated yearly. At the end of therapy, patients’ hand and foot sizes and height were measured and plotted on nomograms for hand according to height and age, and foot size according to height. Lateral radiographs of the face were performed to obtain the linear measurement of the lower jaw length.results  Foot size was greater than 97th percentile in 8/21 patients and lower jaw length was greater than +2SD in 4/21 patients. Patients were classified in two groups: group 1 (with foot size greater than 97th percentile and/or lower jaw length greater than +2SD) consisted of 11 patients (six females); nine had combined pituitary hormone deficiency (six associated to hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism) and three had isolated GH deficiency; group 2 (with foot size smaller than 97th percentile and lower jaw length less than +2SD) consisted of 10 patients (seven boys); nine had combined pituitary hormone deficiency (six associated to hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism) and one with isolated GH deficiency. During treatment, IGF‐I levels ranged from ≤ 3 to +2SD and IGFBP‐3 levels ranged from −3 to +2SD, in both groups. We observed no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding chronological age, bone age, height at the beginning and at the end of therapy, pubertal development, duration of rhGH treatment and IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 levels (P > 0·05). Foot size percentile exceeded final height percentile in 11/21 patients (seven girls).conclusion  Long‐term rhGH treatment with standard doses might be associated with acromegalic features (increased foot size and lower jaw measurements) in patients with GH deficiency who achieved final height, especially in girls. Neither the clinical nor the hormonal parameters, IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 levels, were useful to predict the development of these features. Further studies are necessary to analyse the frequency of this side‐effect and how to prevent it.
Genetic analysis of mitochondrial complex II subunits SDHD, SDHB and SDHC in paraganglioma and phaeochromocytoma susceptibility
Authors: Astuti Dewi , Hart‐Holden Niki , Latif Farida , Lalloo Fiona , Black Graeme C. , Lim Caron , Moran Anthony , Grossman Ashley B. , Hodgson Shirley V. , Freemont Anthony , Ramsden Richard , Eng Charis , Evans D. Gareth R. , Maher Eamonn R. 
Published: November 2003

Summarybackground  Germline mutations in three subunits of mitochondrial complex II (SDHB, SDHC and SDHD) may be associated with susceptibility to phaeochromocytoma (PC) and/or head and neck paraganglioma (HNPGL).methods  To further define the role of SDH subunit mutations in these disorders, we analysed a series of 22 probands with PC and evidence of genetic susceptibility (seven with familial PC only, one with familial PC and HNPGL, 10 sporadic cases with multiple PC and four cases of isolated paediatric onset PC) for germline SDHB, SDHC and SDHD mutations. In addition, we analysed 34 cases of HNPGL (30 isolated cases with single tumours, three isolated cases with multiple tumours and one familial case with multiple tumours) for somatic and germline mutations in SDHB, SDHC and SDHD.results  We identified four germline mutations (three SDHB and one SDHD, three novel) in the 22 PC probands. Combining these results with our previous series, we have detected germline SDHB or SDHD mutations in 2/12 (17%) of familial PC only kindreds, 4/5 (80%) of familial PC and HNPGL cases, 1/10 of sporadic multiple PC cases and 2/4 (50%) of paediatric PCs. No somatic mutations were detected in the HNPGL tumours, but four cases with multiple HNPGL had the common P81L germline SDHD mutation. Intriguingly a silent SNP (c.204C > T) in SDHD was significantly more common in HNPGL cases (6/34) than in controls (1/100, P= 0·0011). Combining our results with those from two other large studies in which both SDHB and SDHD have been analysed, SDHB mutations were most commonly associated with phaeochromocytoma susceptibility and SDHD with the development of HNPGL (P = 0·025). However, germline SDHB and SDHD mutations demonstrate considerable phenotypic variability and genotype‐phenotype correlations are complex.conclusion  The significantly lower frequency (P = 0·028) of germline SDH subunit mutations in familial PC only cases compared to those with familial PC and HNPGL suggests that further PC susceptibility gene(s) remain to be identified.