bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based Practice Interventions for Reducing Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: A Narrative Review
Authors: Dhillon Gagandeep , Buddhavarapu Venkata S. , Grewal Harpreet , Munjal Ripudaman , Verma Ram Kishun , Surani Salim , Kashyap Rahul 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Specific surgical procedures, such as upper abdominal and thoracic surgery, are connected to an increased predisposition of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). The incidence of PPCs could vary approximately between 20-90% with upper abdominal surgery, which can be minimized by using treatment procedures that increase lung capacity and encourage inspiration. This review aims to examine the effectiveness of already existing evidence-based interventions that promote lung expansion, thereby preventing PPCs.

Method:
We mainly focused on the existing evidence of preoperative education on the incentive spirometer, early mobilization, directed coughing, deep breathing exercises, chest physiotherapy, and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) to prevent PPCs. The literature search was limited to experimental, observational studies, systemic reviews, and articles published in the last 15 years, January 2007- Dec. 2022, in PubMed and Google Scholar.

Result:
This initial search yielded a total of 5301 articles. All articles with titles not related to the topic were eliminated. 1050 records were screened, and the final review was conducted with 22 articles, including 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), four systemic reviews, one retrospective review, three observational studies, and one non-experimental study. Our review reveals mixed evidence for individual interventions, including but not limited to incentive spirometry, inspiratory muscle training, early mobilization, cough, deep breathing, etc. Some studies maintain that intervention is effective; others imply there is no substantial difference in the choice of intervention.

Conclusion:
The literature review concluded that patients who received multiple interventions showed significant improvement in pulmonary function postoperatively. However, definitive studies need to be conducted to solidify this conclusion.
Development and Evaluation of Dutasteride Nanoemulgel for the Topical
Delivery against Androgenic Alopecia
Authors: Alam Mahboob , Mishra Ajit , Yadav Kuldeep Singh , Pradhan Deepak , Kar Biswakanth , Ghosh Goutam , Rath Goutam , Rai Vineet  Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Dutasteride is approximately three times more potent than finasteride in
treating alopecia. For reducing systemic exposure to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), researchers have
shown special interest in developing topical formulations for treating androgenic alopecia. Dutasteride
emulsification may lead to good skin penetration and improved availability in different lipophilic
skin environments.

Objectives:
This study aimed to encapsulate the drug into the lipidic carrier system for better local
availability in the scalp skin, develop and evaluate nanoemulgel of dutasteride to ensure efficient topical
administration, and perform the in-vivo activity of the developed gel for improved efficacy
against alopecia.

Methods:
Dutasteride-loaded nanoemulsion was prepared by a high-speed homogenizer, followed by
thickening of the dispersion using Carbopol 934. Skin permeation and accumulation were investigated
in the excised skin of male Swiss albino mice. The nanoemulgel was characterized based on pH,
stress stability, viscosity, and hardness.

Results::
The optimized dutasteride-loaded nanoemulsion had a size of 252.33 ± 8.59 nm, PDI of
0.205 ± 0.60, and drug content of 98.65 ± 1.78%. Stress stability was performed was well observed in
nanoemulsion formulation. Nanoemulgel evaluation results were as follows: pH 5-6 was desirable for
topical application, hardness was 43 gm, and spreadability was 79 gm with in vitro release of
nanoemulgel at 91.98% and permeation study at 13.67%.

Conclusion:
The in vivo studies demonstrated the growth of newer hair follicles and increased hair
diameter and length in dutasteride-loaded nanoemulgel-treated alopecia animals compared to the
marketed sample and testosterone-treated group. Provided with the same and long-term storage stability,
the developed formulation is supposed to offer a good option for the topical administration of dutasteride
in treating androgenic alopecia.The in vivo studies demonstrated the growth of newer hair follicles and increased hair
diameter and length in dutasteride-loaded nanoemulgel-treated alopecia animals compared to the
marketed sample and testosterone-treated group. Provided with the same and long-term storage stability,
the developed formulation is supposed to offer a good option for the topical administration of dutasteride
in treating androgenic alopecia.
Learning From International Comparators of National Medical Imaging Initiatives for AI Development: Multiphase Qualitative Study
Authors: Karpathakis Kassandra , Pencheon Emma , Cushnan Dominic 
Published: January 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic drove investment and research into medical imaging platforms to provide data to create artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for the management of patients with COVID-19. Building on the success of England’s National COVID-19 Chest Imaging Database, the national digital policy body (NHSX) sought to create a generalized national medical imaging platform for the development, validation, and deployment of algorithms.

Objective
This study aims to understand international use cases of medical imaging platforms for the development and implementation of algorithms to inform the creation of England’s national imaging platform.

Methods
The National Health Service (NHS) AI Lab Policy and Strategy Team adopted a multiphased approach: (1) identification and prioritization of national AI imaging platforms; (2) Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental (PESTLE) factor analysis deep dive into national AI imaging platforms; (3) semistructured interviews with key stakeholders; (4) workshop on emerging themes and insights with the internal NHSX team; and (5) formulation of policy recommendations.

Results
International use cases of national AI imaging platforms (n=7) were prioritized for PESTLE factor analysis. Stakeholders (n=13) from the international use cases were interviewed. Themes (n=8) from the semistructured interviews, including interview quotes, were analyzed with workshop participants (n=5). The outputs of the deep dives, interviews, and workshop were synthesized thematically into 8 categories with 17 subcategories. On the basis of the insights from the international use cases, policy recommendations (n=12) were developed to support the NHS AI Lab in the design and development of the English national medical imaging platform.

Conclusions
The creation of AI algorithms supporting technology and infrastructure such as platforms often occurs in isolation within countries, let alone between countries. This novel policy research project sought to bridge the gap by learning from the challenges, successes, and experience of England’s international counterparts. Policy recommendations based on international learnings focused on the demonstrable benefits of the platform to secure sustainable funding, validation of algorithms and infrastructure to support in situ deployment, and creating wraparound tools for nontechnical participants such as clinicians to engage with algorithm creation. As health care organizations increasingly adopt technological solutions, policy makers have a responsibility to ensure that initiatives are informed by learnings from both national and international initiatives as well as disseminating the outcomes of their work.
Comparison between metformin and glibenclamide as antidiabetic oral in gestational diabetes mellitus: a review
Authors: Ridhayani Firda , I Dewa Agung Ayu Diva Candraningrat  , Ilmi Nurhafizah  , Karina Nurlitasari  , Mardiana Siregar  
Published: January 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most frequent clinical complications during pregnancy that affects up to 6% of women with pregnancies around the world. Gestational diabetes mellitus treatment used insulin as first-line therapy. In addition, several professional associations are also considering treatment using antidiabetic oral which has equivalent efficacy compared with insulin. However, many oral antidiabetic recommendations have been administered to treat GDM, including metformin and glyburide or glibenclamide. This article’s review aims to compare the usage between metformin and glyburide or glibenclamide in GDM patients. This review compared research results from PubMed as literature resources and the PRISMA flow chart as the protocol for the article selection process. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria there are six research articles that are appropriate to the article’s topic and aim. Metformin is superior compared with glyburide or glibenclamide administration as antidiabetic oral in GDM. Metformin showed a significant effect in lowering preprandial and postprandial glucose level, elevating insulin sensitivity, while glibenclamide administration decreased dynamic pancreatic β-cell responsivity significantly and had a higher risk compared with insulin and metformin.
Effectiveness of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of typhoid fever: a systematic review
Authors: Mulyono Bethea Manuela , Ita Margaretha Nainggolan  , Linawati Hananta  , Lucky Hartati Moehario  
Published: January 2024

Typhoid fever or commonly referred to as enteric fever is a systemic disease caused by Salmonella typhi. It often occurs in developing countries due to poor sanitation. Second-line antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin, have been widely used as the first choice treatment for typhoid fever. However, S. typhi has increased resistance to second-line antibiotics, so azithromycin has become an alternative treatment for the typhoid fever. This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin against typhoid fever in adults. This research used the PRISMA protocol with predefined Pubmed, Proquest, and EBSCO keywords. After removing duplicates and selecting studies according to inclusion and exclusion criterias, 17 studies about the effectiveness of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in typhoid fever in adults from 1988-2020 were gathered. Studies were evaluated using JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. The results showed that administration of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin for typhoid fever yields average length of fever (3.5 d and 4.2 d) and average length of stay (9.3 d and 10 d), respectively. The susceptibility of S. typhi to azithromycin was 99.9%, whereas a significant decrease in its susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was observed in 2017-2020, from 4% to 2%. Azithromycin showed better effectiveness than ciprofloxacin in treating typhoid fever in adults based on S. typhi’s susceptibility, average length of fever and average length of stay from 17 studies reviewed.
Current Symptoms and Pathological Changes of Bursa Fabricius from Commercial Farming Broilers Led to Infectious Bursal Disease
Authors: Damairia Bernike Anggun , Putri Khrisdiana , Sutrisno Bambang , Wibowo Michael Haryadi 
Published: January 2024

Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) or Gumboro is caused by the IBD virus of the Birnaviridae family. The disease is acute and highly contagious in young birds. The virus infection causes severe damage to the lymphoid organs i.e. bursa Fabricius leading to immunosuppression. The disease morbidity may reach 100%, while the mortality varies from 20 to 100%, causing high economic losses. Infectious Bursal Disease has remained significant threat although vaccination has been applied. This study aimed to determine the current typical pathological changes in the bursa Fabricius of commercial broilers showing IBD symptoms. The samples were obtained from commercial broiler farms in Sragen, Wonogiri, Batang, and Sleman. Gross lesion examination showed enlargement of the bursa Fabricius with gelatinous material on the serosal surface, oedema with fluid accumulation in the lumen, hemorrhages of the serosal surface, atrophy, and caseous exudate in the lumen. Histopathologic changes of acute IBD include hemorrhages, congestion, lymphocyte necrosis, accumulation of fibrin, oedematous and heterophils infiltration in the interfollicular tissues. Microscopic changes in chronic IBD (5-7 days post infection IBDV) including follicular atrophy, lymphocyte necrosis, vacuolization of the follicle, and proliferation of fibroblast and connective tissue in the interfollicular space. In conclusion, the notable pathological change description of bursa Fabricius in suspected acute is gross lesion (swelling and edema, thickened and enlarged plica bursa Fabricius, hemorraghe), microscopic lesion (congestion, hemorraghe, heterophil infiltration) or chronically IBD infection in broiler chicken was gross lesion (atrophy bursa Fabricius, atrophy and excudate casouse in the lumen bursa Fabricius), microscopic lesion (lymphocyte necrosis, vacuolization of bursa Fabricius follicles, proliferation of fibroblasts and interfollicular connective tissue).
Kemampuan Rectovaginal Endoscopy (RVE) Mendeteksi Berahi dan Gambaran Kadar Estrogen Selama Siklus Berahi Kambing
Authors: Nurcahya Dony , Nugroho Widagdo Sri , Budiyanto Agung , Pramono Budi 
Published: January 2024

Deteksi estrus yang tepat pada kambing akan menentukan keberhasilan inseminasi buatan (IB). Rectovaginal endoscopy (RVE) merupakan alat deteksi estrus pada kambing yang dimodifikasi dengan perpaduan spekulum yang dilengkapai kamera terhubung dengan layar monitor. Alat RVE ini membantu peternak memastikan saat IB yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Rectovaginal endoscopy (RVE) untuk mendeteksi gejala estrus pada kambing-domba dan mengetahui gambaran estrogen selama siklus berahi kambing-domba. Metode penelitian dengan membandingkan deteksi estrus menggunakan kawin alami dengan pejantan (kelompok 1, kontrol) dengan konvensional/penglihatan mata langsung (Kelompok 2) dan RVE (kelompok 3). Masing-masing kelompok menggunakan 16 ekor kambing dengan ras jawa randu dengan Body Condition Score(BCS) 2,5-3 (kondisi bagus). Deteksi lendir dilakukan pada masing kelompok perlakuan dan diberi nilai (score). Setelah terdeteksi estrus, kelompok 2 dan 3 dilakukan inseminasi buatan (IB) sedangkan kelompok 1 kawin alami dengan pejantan. Data pengamatan estrus analisis secara deskriptif sedangkan data pengamatan lendir dianalisis menggunak Chie-Square. Koleksi serum darah untuk pemeriksaan kadar estrogen diambil pada hari ke-0, 3, 12, dan 15 siklus untuk mendapatkan gambaran kadar estrogen. Hasil deteksi estrus berdasarkan pengamatan lendir diketahui terdapat perbedaan signifikan diantara kelompok (P < 0,05). Pada hari ke-0 nilai profil hormon estrogen 36,14 pg/ml, tampilan gambar alat RVE menunjukkan lendir jernih bening dan terlihat banyak disaluran serviks sampai ke vulva. Hari ke-3 profil hormon estrogen 11,13 pg/ml, terlihat leleran pekat dan sedikit keruh dan hanya terlihat di sekitaran serviks. Hari ke-12 tampilan profil hormon estrogen 8,74 pg/ml terlihat lendir menjadi pekat keruh dan hanya terdapat di sekitar serviks. Hari ke-15 dengan tampilan hormon estrogen 15,82 pg/ml terlihat leleran bening dan hanya di sekitaran serviks. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan alat metode baru RVE memberikan pengaruh terhadap deteksi gejala estrus yaitu mampu mendeteksi lendir berdasarkan masing-masing fase siklus berahi.
Experiências com pesquisas em comunicação
Authors: Ogécia Drigo Maria , Martinez Monica 
Published: January 2024

Primeiro livro produzido pelos docentes do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura da Universidade de Sorocaba (Uniso), com foco nas metodologias que utilizam em suas pesquisas, tanto as que desenvolvem como as que orientam. Os docentes oferecem nos capítulos, a ideia de que o programa não busca uma fundamentação teórica a ser perseguida por todas os pesquisadores, mas propõe que cada objeto de estudo deve se impor como tal e com ele buscarmos diferentes metodologias e perspectivas teóricas. Esperamos, de um lado, que a socialização dessas experiências traga contribuições para a compreensão do “fazer científico” na área; de outro, que se constitua num exercício de aprendizagem, por parte dos docentes, à medida que estes se submetem ao olhar do outro. Este livro é o primeiro de uma série que pretendemos publicar, sendo que os demais envolverão mestrandos e doutorandos do Programa, em parceria com seus orientadores, bem como pesquisadores de outros programas de pós-graduação, tanto nacionais como internacionais.
Innovation of Multimodal Digital Modules Based on Ethnomathematical Problems for Meaningful Mathematics Learning in Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Suryawan I Putu Pasek , Lasmawan I Wayan , Suharta I Gusti Putu 
Published: January 2024

The essence of the curriculum Merdeka expects mathematics learning to be meaningful and in accordance with learning styles and needs. Culture and technology are the right combination to be applied in mathematics learning to implement the curriculum Merdeka. This research aims to develop multimodal digital modules based on ethno mathematical problems for meaningful mathematics learning that can adapt to technological developments. The development model used in this study is the ADDIE model. The service of the module is determined by the results of expert validation, practicality tests, and effectiveness tests by lecturers, teachers and students as research subjects. Based on the material validity test, a validity of 4.45 was obtained and a media validity test obtained a validity of 4.87 which was included in the Very High category. The average practicality score is 4.3 with very high criteria. The range of grades obtained by students is 83%. Thus the modules developed can be said to be effective and feasible to use. Through the innovation of this module, learning becomes meaningful, accommodates every learning style and student need, and facilitates students to learn independently.
Probing Ti–doped (Al–Ga) surface as Nanosensor for adsorbing the S- & N-containing heterocyclic compounds
Authors: Mollaamin Fatemeh , Monajjemi Majid 
Published: January 2024

Aluminum–Gallium doped with titanium by using ONIOM method through structural, electrical, and thermodynamic properties was studied in detail. Crystal structure of Ti–(Al–Ga) surface was coated by S- & N-heterocyclic carbenes of benzotriazole (BTA), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (2MBT), 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol (ATR). The “NMR” spectroscopy of the adsorption of BTA, 2MBT, 8HQ, and ATR on the Ti–doped Al–Ga nanoalloy surface represents that this surface can be employed as the magnetic S- & N-heterocyclic carbene sensors. In fact, “Ti” site in “Ti–(Al–Ga)” nanoalloy surface has bigger interaction energy amount from “Van der Waals’ forces” with BTA, 2MBT, 8HQ, and ATR that might cause them large stable towards coating data on the nanosurface. It has been estimated that the criterion for choosing the surface linkage of “S” and “N” atom in BTA, 2MBT, 8HQ, and ATR in adsorption sites can be impacted by the existence of close atoms of aluminum and gallium in the “Ti–(Al–Ga)” surface. The fluctuation of “NQR” has estimated the inhibiting role of BTA, 2MBT, 8HQ, and ATR for Ti–doped Al–Ga alloy nanosheet due to “S” and “N” atoms in the benzene cycle of heterocyclic carbenes being near the monolayer surface of ternary “Ti–(Al–Ga)” nanoalloy. Moreover, “IR” spectroscopy has exhibited that Ti–doped Al–Ga alloy nanosheet with the fluctuation in the frequency of intra–atomic interaction leads us to the most considerable influence in the vicinage elements generated due to inter–atomic interaction. Comparison to amounts versus dipole moment has illustrated a proper accord among measured parameters based on the rightness of the chosen isotherm for the adsorption steps of the formation of BTA @Ti–(Al–Ga), 2MBT @Ti–(Al–Ga), 8HQ @Ti–(Al–Ga), and ATR @Ti–(Al–Ga) complexes. Thus, the interval between sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen atoms in BTA, 2MBT, 8HQ, and ATR during interaction with transition metal of “Ti” in “Ti–(Al–Ga)” nanoalloy, (N→Ti, O→Ti, S→Ti), has been estimated with relation coefficient of R² = 0.9509. Thus, the present has exhibit the influence of “Ti” doped on the “Al–Ga” surface for adsorption of S- & N-heterocyclic carbenes of BTA, 2MBT, 8HQ, and ATR by using theoretical methods. Furthermore, the “partial electron density” or “PDOS” has estimated a certain charge assembly between Ti–(Al–Ga) and S– & N–heterocycles of BTA, 2MBT, 8HQ, and ATR which can remark that the complex dominant of metallic features and an exact degree of covalent traits can describe the augmenting of the sensitivity of “Ti–(Al–Ga)” surface as a potent sensor for adsorption of BTA, 2MBT, 8HQ, and ATR heterocycles.
Planning and Evaluation of Hypertension Treatment Program with Precede-Proceed Approach in Tanjungharjo Village, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Putri Maurilla Shafira , Astutik Erni 
Published: January 2024

Background: Bojonegoro Regency is among the 10 regencies/cities with most hypertension in East Java. Similar condition occurred in Tanjungharjo Village, Bojonegoro Regency. Morbidity rate for hypertension cases at Puskesmas Tanjungharjo is ranked first among non-communicable diseases and third among 10 diseases with the most sufferers in that area.
Objectives: This study aims to analyze planning and evaluation of hypertension management program using PRECEDE-PROCEED approach in Tanjungharjo Village, Bojonegoro.
Research Methods: The research was conducted using mix-methods study design with primary and secondary data. Preliminary study was conducted to obtain hypertension data in Tanjungharjo Village. The research was conducted on 54 PROLANIS participants in Tanjungharjo Village. Primary and secondary data analysis was conducted using PRECEDE-PROCEED framework.
Results: The results of preliminary study show that respondents’ hypertension knowledge is low (75,9%). Analysis of respondents characteristics resulted that respondents were suitable for receiving hypertension programs. Analysis using PRECEDE-PROCEED framework shows the need for wider accessibility and more attractive programs. A program called “GERINDI POTENSI” was initiated with 3 sub-programs, namely Kelas Memasak Sehat Yuk (Kemayu) aimed at increasing knowledge regarding diet and healthy cooking methods for hypertension, Senam Lansia Anti Hipertensi (Selasi) aimed at increasing physical activity for hypertension, and Buku Rekap Skrining Kesehatan (Buku Rekan) aimed to summarize health examinations results of PROLANIS participants.
Conclusion: : Planning and evaluation of hypertension programs in Tanjungharjo Village using PRECEDE-PROCEED approach resulted “GERINDI POTENSI” program which is suitable with needs and priority problems. Monitoring and evaluation has been conducted with results of achieving program indicators.