bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of frailty among elderly patients with hip fracture in China: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xia Jinghua , Li Zhenyu , Zhao Dan , Hu Yanzhen , Lu Xuemei 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionFrailty is a clinical syndrome characterised by a reduced ability to adapt to external stressors owing to a reduced physiological reserve, which is caused by degeneration of multiple organ systems. Frailty is particularly prevalent among patients with hip fractures. Research on frailty in China started late; thus, evidence regarding the prevalence of frailty among older patients with hip fracture in China is scarce. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to systematically search for available data on the prevalence of frailty among older patients with hip fracture in China, assess the pooled prevalence of frailty and describe the association between frailty and clinical outcomes.Method and analysisWe will systematically search electronic databases, including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang data Database, to identify studies on the prevalence of frailty in older patients with hip fracture. Two reviewers will independently identify eligible studies according to defined inclusion criteria and critically appraise them using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s standardised critical appraisal tool. Data will be analysed using Stata V.12.0.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required as this review will only include data from published sources. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022265321.
COVID-19 vaccine barriers and perception among rural adults: a qualitative study in Bangladesh
Authors: Khanam Mansura , Sanin Kazi Istiaque , Rita Razia Sultana , Akand Farhana , Rabbi Md Fozla , Hasan Md Khaledul , Alam Tasnia , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose challenges for global public healthcare, even with the authorisation of several vaccines worldwide. To better understand rural communities’ knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and barriers towards these vaccines, we conducted a qualitative cross-sectional study with adults in rural Bangladesh.SettingThis cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural areas of Sylhet and Natore in Bangladesh from August 2021 to February 2022.ParticipantsOur study involved 15 in-depth interviews with rural adults and 2 key informant interviews with health workers.ResultsWe analysed data thematically, resulting in four main themes: (1) knowledge and perception aspects, (2) myths and misconceptions, (3) practice and attitude and (4) barriers and challenges of COVID-19 vaccines.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that rural populations lack sufficient knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines but have a more favourable attitude towards them. Misconceptions, beliefs and personal experiences were found to be the main reasons for vaccine avoidance. To address these challenges and dispel the spread of misinformation, health education programmes play a pivotal role in improving vaccine management. Policy-makers should initiate these programmes without delay to create a well-informed and enlightened community, given that the COVID-19 is still spreading.
Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and response on routine childhood vaccination coverage and equity in Northern Nigeria: a mixed methods study
Authors: Dadari Ibrahim , Sharkey Alyssa , Hoare Ismael , Izurieta Ricardo 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundBased on 2021 data, Nigeria had the second largest number of zero-dose children globally estimated at over 2.25 million, concentrated in the northern part of the country due to factors some of which are sociocultural. This study analysed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and response on childhood vaccination in Northern Nigeria.MethodsUsing a mixed methods sequential study design in the most populous northern states of Kaduna and Kano, quantitative routine immunisation data for the period 2018–2021 and qualitative data collected through 16 focus group discussions and 40 key informant interviews were used. An adaptation of the socioecological model was used as a conceptual framework. Mean vaccination coverages and test of statistical difference in childhood vaccination data were computed. Qualitative data were coded and analysed thematically.ResultsMean Penta 1 coverage declined in Kaduna from 69.88% (SD=21.02) in 2018 to 59.54% (SD=19.14%) by 2021, contrasting with Kano where mean Penta 1 coverage increased from 51.87% (SD=12.61) to 56.32% (SD=17.62%) over the same period. Outreaches and vaccination in urban areas declined for Kaduna state by 10% over the pandemic period in contrast to Kano state where it showed a marginal increase. The two states combined had an estimated 25% of the country’s zero-dose burden in 2021. Lockdowns, lack of transport and no outreaches which varied across the states were some of the factors mentioned by participants to have negatively impacted childhood vaccination. Special vaccination outreaches were among the recommendations for ensuring continued vaccination through a future pandemic.ConclusionWhile further interrogating the accuracy of denominator estimates for the urban population, incorporating findings into pandemic preparedness and response will ensure uninterrupted childhood vaccination during emergencies. Addressing the identified issues will be critical to achieving and sustaining universal childhood vaccination in Nigeria.
Primary care detection of cognitive impairment leveraging health and consumer technologies in underserved US communities: protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the MyCog paradigm
Authors: Lovett Rebecca , Bonham Morgan , Yoshino Benavente Julia , Hosseinian Zahra , Byrne Greg J , Varela Diaz Maria , Bass Michael , Yao Lihua , Adin-Cristian Andrei , Batio Stephanie , Kim Minjee , Sluis Amanda , Moran Margaret , Buchanan David R , Hunt Justin , Young Stephanie R , Gershon Richard , Nowinski Cindy , Wolf Michael 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionEarly identification of cognitive impairment (CI), including Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), is a top public health priority. Yet, CI/ADRD is often undetected and underdiagnosed within primary care settings, and in health disparate populations. The MyCog paradigm is an iPad-based, self-administered, validated cognitive assessment based on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox Cognition Battery and coupled with clinician decision-support tools that is specifically tailored for CI/ADRD detection within diverse, primary care settings.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a two-arm, primary care practice-randomised (N=24 practices; 45 257 active patients at the proposed practices), pragmatic trial among geographically diverse Oak Street Health sites to test the effectiveness of the MyCog paradigm to improve early detection CI/ADRD among low socioeconomic, black and Hispanic older adults compared with usual care. Participating practices randomised to the intervention arm will impart the MyCog paradigm as a new standard of care over a 3-year implementation period; as the cognitive component for Annual Wellness Visits and for any patient/informant-reported or healthcare provider-suspected cognitive concern. Rates of detected (cognitive test suggesting impairment) and/or diagnosed (relevant International Classification of Diseases-9/10 [ICD-9/10] code) cognitive deficits, impairments or dementias including ADRD will be our primary outcome of study compared between arms. Secondary outcomes will include ADRD severity (ie, mild or later stage), rates of cognitive-related referrals and rates of family member or caregiver involvement in ADRD care planning. We will use generalised linear mixed models to account for clustered study design. Secondary models will adjust for subject, clinic or visit-specific characteristics. We will use mixed-methods approaches to examine fidelity and cost-effectiveness of the MyCog paradigm.Ethics and disseminationThe Institutional Review Board at Advarra has approved the study protocol (Pro00064339). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and summaries will be provided to the funders of the study.Trial registration numberNCT05607732.
In vitro and in silico assessment of flow modulation after deploying the Contour Neurovascular System in intracranial aneurysm models
Authors: Korte Jana , Gaidzik Franziska , Larsen Naomi , Schütz Erik , Damm Timo , Wodarg Fritz , Hövener Jan-Bernd , Jansen Olav , Janiga Gábor , Berg Philipp , Pravdivtseva Mariya S 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe novel Contour Neurovascular System (Contour) has been reported to be efficient and safe for the treatment of intracranial, wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. Flow in the aneurysm and posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs) after Contour deployment has not been analyzed in detail yet. However, this information is crucial for predicting aneurysm treatment outcomes.MethodsTime-resolved three-dimensional velocity maps in 14 combinations of patient-based basilar tip aneurysm models with and without Contour devices (sizes between 5 and 14 mm) were analyzed using four-dimensionsal (4D) flow MRI and numerical/image-based flow simulations. A complex virtual processing pipeline was developed to mimic the experimental shape and position of the Contour together with the simulations.ResultsOn average, the Contour significantly reduced intra-aneurysmal flow velocity by 67% (mean w/ = 0.03m/s; mean w/o = 0.12m/s; p-value=0.002), and the time-averaged wall shear stress by more than 87% (mean w/ = 0.17Pa; mean w/o = 1.35Pa; p-value=0.002), as observed by numerical simulations. Furthermore, a significant reduction in flow (P<0.01) was confirmed by the neck inflow rate, kinetic energy, and inflow concentration index after Contour deployment. Notably, device size has a stronger effect on reducing flow than device positioning. However, positioning affected flow in the PCAs, while being robust in effectively reducing flow.ConclusionsThis study showed the high efficacy of the Contour device in reducing flow within aneurysms regardless of the exact position. However, we observed an effect on the flow in PCAs, which needs to be investigated further.
Anticipatory prescribing in community end-of-life care
Authors: Lee Charlotte , Tran Theresa Tammy , Ross Joy 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesOur work aims to critically review the use of anticipatory medicines in our inner-city hospice community population and whether our current practices are fit for purpose.MethodsRetrospective audit of community palliative care patients at the end-of-life prescribed anticipatory medicines within a 3-month period. Anticipatory charts and case notes reviewed. Intervention included updating local guidelines, local teaching for medical and non-medical prescribers and sharing results nationally. Eighteen months later, reaudit was performed assessing impact.ResultsIn total, 76 patients included. 75/76 (99%) were prescribed an analgesic, antiemetic, antisecretory and anxiolytic. 49/76 (64%) were administered ‘as required’ medications at home. Haloperidol was the favoured antiemetic (88%), costing our hospice ~£2000/month. Case note review highlighted prescribing and administration issues. Reaudit showed a reduction in prescriptions of antisecretory (by 57%) and antiemetic (by 50%), with a wider range of antiemetics (levomepromazine 47%, haloperidol 35%, cyclizine 14%, metoclopramide 3%) indicating individualised prescribing. Those without an antiemetic prescribed did not later require one dispensing.ConclusionOur work challenges the orthodoxy that an analgesic, antiemetic, antisecretory and anxiolytic medication must always be included for effective anticipatory prescribing. Antiemetics may not be universally required and individualised prescribing was cost-effective and safe at a local level. Further work evaluating the impacts of altered practice on patients, caregivers, professionals and in other community settings is required.
Reconsidering David Tracy’s Public Theology in a Digital Age
Authors: Okey Stephen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
While public theology initially developed amid concerns about secularization, its continued flourishing requires attention to the digital. Shaped especially by mediatization, digital intimacy, and accessibility issues, the digital sphere impacts both the idea of ‘public-ness’ and the practice of theology. Building on the work of David Tracy, this article offers four possible approaches in light of his methodological connection between publics and theological subdisciplines: the digital is only an extension of existing forms of mediation, the digital is a feature of society and practical theology, the digital is a new public and needs a new subdiscipline, or the digital is a new context for the various publics and thus requires a contextual theology.
A Journey without Maps
Authors: Rae Simon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The challenge of finding a Protestant public theology appropriate for a pluralist, newly independent, Muslim majority nation was taken up initially by a mixed group of lay and ordained theologians, among them T. B. Simatupang, a recently retired lieutenant-general, still in his late thirties. This study links Simatupang’s experience as a soldier-diplomat and strategic planner in Indonesia’s struggle for independence to the objectives and values he promoted and endeavoured to safeguard in his second career as an ecumenical strategist and mentor. Some attention is given to more recent criticism and the argument that a less confrontational Christian stance toward politically active Islam is called for in today’s era of interfaith conversations.
Wissenschaft des Judentums in Eastern Europe: The Origins of Hevrat Mekitze Nirdamim
Authors: Meir Jonatan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The history of the Mekize Nirdamim (“rousers of those who slumber”) society is quite peculiar. When looking at its activities, one can speak of three distinct periods: a first period in Eastern Prussia under the leadership of Eliezer Lippman Zilberman, owner of the Ha-Maggid newspaper, a period that extended for ten years and whose success was largely located in Eastern Europe; a second period in Berlin under the domineering leadership of Abraham Berliner, a period, centered in Western Europe, that extended for over twenty years; and a third period in the Land of Israel, led initially by David Yellin, Simcha Assaf, and S.Y. Agnon. I will introduce each and focus on several points relating to the relationship between East and West, and Mekize Nirdamim’s ties to several other projects that threatened to swallow it alive. In doing so, I will draw attention to the society’s roots in Eastern Europe.
Predictability of Rainfall over Equatorial East Africa in the ECMWF Ensemble Reforecasts on Short- to Medium-Range Time Scales
Authors: Ageet Simon , Fink Andreas H. , Maranan Marlon , Schulz Benedikt 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite the enormous potential of precipitation forecasts to save lives and property in Africa, low skill has limited their uptake. To assess the skill and improve the performance of the forecast, validation and postprocessing should continuously be carried out. Here, we evaluate the quality of reforecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts over equatorial East Africa (EEA) against satellite and rain gauge observations for the period 2001–18. The 24-h rainfall accumulations are analyzed from short- to medium-range time scales. Additionally, 48- and 120-h rainfall accumulations were also assessed. The skill was assessed using an extended probabilistic climatology (EPC) derived from the observations. Results show that the reforecasts overestimate rainfall, especially during the rainy seasons and over high-altitude areas. However, there is potential of skill in the raw forecasts up to 14-day lead time. There is an improvement of up to 30% in the Brier score/continuous ranked probability score relative to EPC in most areas, especially the higher-altitude regions, decreasing with lead time. Aggregating the reforecasts enhances the skill further, likely due to a reduction in timing mismatches. However, for some regions of the study domain, the predictive performance is worse than EPC, mainly due to biases. Postprocessing the reforecasts using isotonic distributional regression considerably improves skill, increasing the number of grid points with positive Brier skill score (continuous ranked probability skill score) by an average of 81% (91%) for lead times 1–14 days ahead. Overall, the study highlights the potential of the reforecasts, the spatiotemporal variation in skill, and the benefit of postprocessing in EEA.
Do we need a co-pilot in the operating theatre? A cross-sectional study on surgeons’ perceptions
Authors: Taribagil Priyal , Liu Timing , Bhattacharya Vish , Taribagil Sanjay 
Published: October 2023

Objective The aim of this original study was to investigate general surgeons’ perceptions on the role of dual surgeon operating for high-risk, elective complex surgical procedures. Material and Methods A 21-part cross-sectional online survey was self-completed by 85 general surgeons across hospitals in the UK. The survey assessed the perception of dual surgeon operating on patient morbidity and mortality, surgeons’ burnout rates, complaints, patient waiting times and overall trainee experience. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 3.6.1. Results Overall 78.8% believed that dual surgeon operating could help to overcome these human factors. Sub-analysis includes improve surgeon fatigue (89.4%), improve confidence (83.5%), improve decision-making (76.5%), minimise technical error (69.4%), improve communication, team work and leadership skills (65.9%). 65.9% believed it would reduce surgeons’ burnout. There was a statistically significant relationship between the participants believing it would reduce surgeons’ burnout and those who felt it would reduce complaints, Chi-squared(4) = [30.8], p = [0.00000342]. A statistically significant relationship was noted between participants believing it would reduce surgeons’ burnout and those who felt it would reduce patient mortality/morbidity, Chi-squared(4) = [19.9], p = [0.000517]. Conclusion The survey has highlighted positive surgeons’ perceptions regarding dual surgeon operating.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing augments watchful waiting in asymptomatic severe primary mitral regurgitation
Authors: Afoke Jonathan , Mohal Jagdeep , Kanaganayagam Gajen Sunthar , Casula Roberto , Bruno Vito , Howard Luke , Gibbs Simon , Punjabi Prakash 
Published: October 2023

Introduction Our aim is to describe the use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in watchful waiting for asymptomatic severe primary mitral regurgitation. Methods Between October 2016 and October 2017, ten patients with asymptomatic severe primary mitral regurgitation underwent watchful waiting in a single centre. Baseline assessment included history, physical examination, transthoracic echocardiogram and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Patients were re-evaluated every 6 months with history, physical examination and transthoracic echocardiogram; and at 12 months with cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Results At 1 year follow up, five patients remained asymptomatic with no significant change in left ventricular ejection fraction ( p = 0.18). This was associated with no significant change in cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters. However, five patients developed early new symptoms or changes in echocardiographic parameters with a significant fall in left ventricular ejection fraction ( p < 0.01). This was associated with a significant fall in anaerobic threshold ( p = 0.04) and four of the five patients having an abnormal percentage predicted peak VO2 at 1 year follow up. Conclusions Changes in symptomatic status or echocardiographic parameters during a watchful waiting approach for asymptomatic severe primary mitral regurgitation is associated with a significant reduction in cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters.
Graded motor imagery and its phases for individuals with phantom limb pain following amputation: A scoping review
Authors: Falbo Kierra Jean , Phelan Hannah , Hackman Dawn , Vogsland Rebecca , Rich Tonya L 
Published: October 2023

Objective Three-phase graded motor imagery (limb laterality, explicit motor imagery, and mirror therapy) has been successful in chronic pain populations. However, when applied to phantom limb pain, an amputation-related pain, investigations often use mirror therapy alone. We aimed to explore evidence for graded motor imagery and its phases to treat phantom limb pain. Data Sources A scoping review was conducted following the JBI Manual of Synthesis and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Thirteen databases, registers, and websites were searched. Review Methods Published works on any date prior to the search (August 2023) were included that involved one or more graded motor imagery phases for participants ages 18+ with amputation and phantom limb pain. Extracted data included study characteristics, participant demographics, treatment characteristics, and outcomes. Results Sixty-one works were included representing 19 countries. Most were uncontrolled studies (31%). Many participants were male (75%) and had unilateral amputations (90%) of varying levels, causes, and duration. Most works examined one treatment phase (92%), most often mirror therapy (84%). Few works (3%) reported three-phase intervention. Dosing was inconsistent across studies. The most measured outcome was pain intensity (95%). Conclusion Despite the success of three-phase graded motor imagery in other pain populations, phantom limb pain research focuses on mirror therapy, largely ignoring other phases. Participant demographics varied, making comparisons difficult. Future work should evaluate graded motor imagery effects and indicators of patient success. The represented countries indicate that graded motor imagery phases are implemented internationally, so future work could have a widespread impact.
Novice residents' endotracheal intubation skill retention on a simulated mannequin after rotating at an anaesthesiology department: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Yamamoto Yu , Kimura Shohei , Kuniyoshi Hideki , Hiroe Takanori , Terui Takako , Kase Yoichi 
Published: October 2023

Objective To compare the endotracheal intubation skill retention of the McGRATH™ MAC video laryngoscope with that of the Macintosh laryngoscope in first-year residents rotating at an anaesthesiology department. Methods This randomized controlled study enrolled first-year residents who completed a 2-month rotation at an anaesthesiology department. Each rotation group was randomly assigned to the Macintosh laryngoscope (ML) or McGRATH™ MAC video laryngoscope (MML) group. Endotracheal intubation skills were evaluated on a mannequin after the rotation and at 3 and 6 months later. The primary endpoint was the time required for intubation. The secondary endpoint was the percentage of glottic opening (POGO) score. Results Forty-six residents participated in this study and were assigned to the ML group ( n = 23) or the MML group ( n = 23). There were no significant differences between the sex, age and the number of endotracheal intubation procedures performed between the two groups. The time required for intubation was significantly shorter in the MML group compared with the ML group. The POGO scores did not show any significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion Compared with endotracheal intubation training using the Macintosh laryngoscope, the McGRATH™ MAC video laryngoscope shortened the intubation procedure and its effect remained even after 6 months. Trial Registration UMIN-CTR Clinical Trials, UMIN000036643, URL: https://www.umin.ac.jp