bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiolabeling approaches for cholecystokinin B receptor imaging
Authors: Aloj L. , Panico M. R. , Caracó C. , Zannetti A. , Del Vecchio S. , Di Nuzzo C. , Arra C. , Morelli G. , Tesauro D. , De Luca S. , Pedone C. , Salvatore M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractRegulatory peptides and their analogs are being extensively investigated as radiopharmaceuticals for cancer imaging. In particular, cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors of the subtype B (CCK‐BR) have been shown to be overexpressed in certain neuroendocrine tumors including medullary thyroid cancer. Our recent work has focused on new methods to radiolabel the CCK8 peptide with 111In or 99mTc for the purpose of developing radiopharmaceuticals for in vivo CCK‐B receptor imaging. Labeling of CCK8 with 111In was achieved at the N‐terminus of the peptide by adding, in solid phase, a glutamate coupled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) moiety through a glycine linker, yielding DTPA–Glu–G–CCK8. For labeling with 99mTc, the CCK8 peptide was modified at its N‐terminus by introducing, in the following order—cysteine, glycine, and a diphenylphosphinopropionyl moiety—giving a 10‐residue peptide derivative, Phos–GC–CCK8. A cell culture model was developed for the purpose of evaluating the binding properties of these two ligands. The human epidermoid carcinoma cell line, A431, was transfected with a plasmid containing the full coding sequence of the human CCK‐BR under a strong viral promoter, obtaining a number of receptors in the range of 2–5 × 106 per cell. Control cells were transfected with vector alone. An animal tumor model utilizing these two cell lines was developed to evaluate the specificity of interaction with the CCK‐BR and biodistribution properties of the compounds. CCK‐BR positive and control cells were subcutaneously injected in opposite flanks of CD1 female nude mice in order to obtain xenografts differing only in their ability to express CCK‐B receptors. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and other chromatographic methods were utilized to assess stability of the radiolabeled compounds after injection. Both 111In–DTPA–Glu–G–CCK8 and 99mTc–Phos–GC–CCK8 showed similar binding affinities for cultured CCK‐BR expressing cells, with dissociation constants in the range of 20–40 nM. With the two xenograft approach, we were able to demonstrate specific interaction with the receptor of both CCK analogs in our animal model. The data obtained shows rapid specific localization of both compounds on the CCK‐BR overexpressing xenografts. Both tracers show rapid plasma clearance of unbound peptide. Clearance of 111In–DTPA–Glu–G–CCK8 appears to be preferentially through the kidneys, whereas 99mTc–Phos–GC–CCK8 clearance occurs both through kidneys and the hepatobiliary system. Both our labeling approaches appear adequate for clinical use of peptide based radiopharmaceuticals, although 99mTc–Phos–GC–CCK8 shows elevated accumulation in the gastrointestinal tract, which causes high background activity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 66: 370–380, 2002
Targeting peptides and positron emission tomography
Authors: Lundqvist Hans , Tolmachev Vladimir 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBiologically active peptides have during the last decades made their way into conventional nuclear medicine diagnosis using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and γ‐camera. Several clinical trails are also investigating the role of radiolabeled peptides for targeting radionuclide therapy. This has raised the question as to whether positron emission tomography (PET) can be used in order to obtain better quantitative information of the peptide distribution in tumor and healthy organs, i.e., to get a better dosimetry. Positron emitting analogs of the therapeutic radionuclides used have been produced and successfully applied in peptide pharmacokinetic measurements with PET. But the recent boom in 18FDG‐PET (18FDG = [18F]2‐deoxy‐2‐fluoro‐D‐glucose), and with this a worldwide increasing number of PET systems, has also inspired several research groups to hunt for alternative labels to be used for peptide diagnostics and PET. The rapid kinetic of short peptides agrees well with the short half‐lives of standard PET nuclides like 11C and 18F. Especially, 18F appears to be excellent for labeling bioactive peptides due to its favorable physical and nuclear characteristics. However, with present techniques labeling peptides with 18F is laborious and time‐consuming, and is not yet a clinical alternative. Other halogens like 75, 76Br and 124I are, from the chemical point of view, easier to apply. But an even better labeling alternative may be positron emitting metal ions like 55Co, 68Ga, and 110mIn since they tend to give better intracellular retention and thus a better signal‐to‐background ratio than the halogen labels. The main drawback with these radionuclides is that they are not readily available. Some of these radionuclides also emit γ in their decay that may affect the measuring properties of the PET equipment. This article reviews mainly the present situation of production and use of nonconventional positron emitters for peptide labeling. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 66: 381–392, 2002
90Y–DOTA–D‐Phe1–Try3– octreotide in therapy of neuroendocrine malignancies
Authors: Paganelli G. , Bodei L. , Handkiewicz Junak D. , Rocca P. , Papi S. , Lopera Sierra M. , Gatti M. , Chinol M. , Bartolomei M. , Fiorenza M. , Grana C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSomatostatin receptors type 2 (sst2) are expressed in high concentration on numerous neudoendocrine tumors. The successful use of radiolabeled somatostatin analogs in imaging promoted further studies in utilizing them in radiopeptide therapy. The somatostatin analog [90Y–DOTA–D‐Phe1–Try3]octreotide (DOTATOC) (DOTA: 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐N,N′,N″,N‴‐tetraacetic acid) possesses favorable characteristic for its therapeutic use; shows high affinity for sst2, moderately high affinity for sst5, and intermediate affinity for sst3; high hydrophilicity; stable and facile labeling with 111 In and 90 Y. In this article we report our experience with 90Y–DOTATOC in neuroendocrine tumors. Eighty‐seven patients with neuroendocrine tumors were treated with a cumulated activity ranging from 7.4 to 20.2 GBq. Most patients responded with stabilization of disease (48%); however, objective responses were observed in 28% of patients (5% complete response). No major acute reactions were observed up to the activity of 5.55 GBq per cycle. The dose limiting was bone marrow toxicity and the maximal tolerated dose was defined as 5.18 GBq. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 66: 393–398, 2002
Studies of the receptor‐bound conformation of αIIbβ3 antagonists by 15N‐edited NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Locardi Elsa , Mattern Ralph‐Heiko , Malaney Timothy I. , Minasyan Robert , Pierschbacher Michael D. , Taulane Joseph P. , Goodman Murray 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report the results of NMR studies and computer simulations of potent antagonists reflective of the αIIbβ3 receptor‐bound conformations. The peptides c[Mpa–15N‐Arg1–15N‐Gly2–15N‐Asp3–15N‐Phe4–15N‐Arg5–Cys]‐NH2 (Phe–Arg analog) (Mpa: 3‐mercaptopropionic acid) and c[Mpa–15N‐Arg1–15N‐Gly2–15N‐Asp3–15N‐Asp4–15N‐Val5–Cys]‐NH2 (Asp–Val analog) were subjected to 15N‐edited NMR experiments to study the conformations of these peptides in the absence and in the presence of αIIbβ3 receptor. The NMR studies of the Phe–Arg analog, a selective αIIbβ3 antagonist, resulted in distinctly different experimental data in the presence and absence of the receptor. The computer simulations for this peptide resulted in one large family of structures consistent with the experimental data. This conformation suggests a type I β‐turn spanning residues Arg1 and Gly2 when bound to the receptor and we were able to establish a model for the three dimensional arrangement of the pharmacophores. The studies on the Asp–Val analog, an αvβ3 antagonist that binds to the αIIbβ3 with moderate affinity, resulted in conformations that are not as well defined as those for the Phe–Arg analog but are consistent with the model established for this analog. These results are important for the design of novel αIIbβ3 antagonists. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 66: 326–338, 2002
A quadrilateral thin shell element based on area co‐ordinate for explicit dynamic analysis
Authors: Yaqun Zhu , Zhongqin Lin , Weigang Zhang 
Published: March 2003

Abstract The mechanism of explicit dynamic finite element method for shell deformation analysis and the key influential factors on computation precision and efficiency are briefly described. A new area co‐ordinate‐based quadrilateral thin shell element is put forward and combined with the co‐rotational theory and velocity strain formulation in the shell stress and strain analysis. A new local co‐ordinate system is constructed in which normal vector is much closer to the material axis. The more accurate integration can be obtained and the hourglass control is avoided. Therefore simulation precision and efficiency of thin shells are improved. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Forming‐limit diagram numerical predictions: yield criteria studies
Authors: Ávila Antonio F. , Vieira Evânio L. S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn this work, it is shown the numerical formulation for prediction of the right‐hand side of forming limit diagram (FLD). Five different yield criterias were used: Von Mises', Hill's (1948), Hill's (1979), Logan and Hosford's and Hill's (1993). Two new explicit equations for the equilibrium conditions using Von Mises and Hill's (1948) yield criteria are presented. The results were compared against theoretical and experimental data present in the literature with good agreement. The materials used in the comparison were the 2036‐T4 aluminium and the AK, IF e EEP steels. It was observed that the predicted FLD was strongly influenced by the type of yield criterion used in the analysis. The best agreement between the predicted curves and the experimental data for each material was obtained from different criteria. The best result for the AK steel was achieved from the Logan and Hosford's criterion. The 2036‐T4 aluminium was better represented when the Hill's (1993) criterion was used. The IF and EEP steels were well represented by results based on either Hill's (1979) or Logan and Hosford's criterion. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A numerical integration scheme for special quadrilateral finite elements for the Helmholtz equation
Authors: Sugimoto Rie , Bettess Peter , Trevelyan Jon 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis paper is an extension to an earlier paper dealing with the general problem of integrating special wave elements and specifically deals with quadrilateral elements, which have their own unique problems. The theory for integrating quadrilateral wave finite elements for the solution of the Helmholtz equation for very short waves is presented. The results are compared with those obtained using large numbers of Gauss–Legendre integration points. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Locating the peaks of solutions via the maximum principle II: A local version of the method of moving planes
Authors: Lin Chang‐Shou , Wei Juncheng 
Published: March 2003

AbstractLet Ω be a bounded, smooth domain in ℝ2n, n ≥ 2. The well‐known Moser‐Trudinger inequality ensures the nonlinear functional Jρ(u) is bounded from below if and only if ρ ≤ ρ2n := 22nn!(n − 1)!ω2n, where

in ${\cal X}:=H^n(\Omega)\cap \{ u, (-\Delta)^j u \in H^1_0(\Omega), j=1,\dots, [{n-1 \over 2}] \}$, and ω2n is the area of the unit sphere 𝕊2n − 1 in ℝ2n. In this paper, we prove the infu∈X Jρ(u) is always attained for ρ ≤ ρ2n.The existence of minimizers of Jρ at the critical value ρ = ρ2n is a delicate problem. The proof depends on the blowup analysis for a sequence of bubbling solutions. Here we develop a local version of the method of moving planes to exclude the boundary bubbling. The existence of minimizers for Jρ at the critical value ρ = ρ2n is in contrast to the case of two dimensions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The boundary trace and generalized boundary value problem for semilinear elliptic equations with coercive absorption
Authors: Marcus Moshe , Véron Laurent 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn the first part of the paper we establish the existence of a boundary trace for positive solutions of the equation −Δu + g(x, u) = 0 in a smooth domain Ω ⊂ ℝN, for a general class of positive nonlinearities. This class includes every space independent, monotone increasing g which satisfies the Keller‐Osserman condition as well as degenerate nonlinearities gα,q of the form gα,q (x, u) = d(x, ∂Ω)α |u|q−1 u, with α > −2 and q > 1. The boundary trace is given by a positive regular Borel measure which may blow up on compact sets. In the second part we concentrate on the family of nonlinearities {gα,q}, determine the critical value of the exponent q (for fixed α > −2) and discuss (a) positive solutions with an isolated singularity, for subcritical nonlinearities and (b) the boundary value problem for −Δu + gα,q (x, u) = 0 with boundary data given by a positive regular Borel measure (possibly unbounded). We show that, in the subcritical case, the problem possesses a unique solution for every such measure. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A preliminary controlled evaluation of a school‐based media literacy program and self‐esteem program for reducing eating disorder risk factors
Authors: Wade Tracey D. , Davidson Susan , O'Dea Jennifer A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjectiveThis study compared the efficacy of a media literacy program and a self‐esteem program designed to reduce general and specific risk factors for eating disorders.MethodFour classes of 86 grade 8 students (53 boys and 33 girls), mean age of 13 years, were randomly assigned to either a control condition or one of the two intervention conditions. Assessment of general and specific risk factors was carried out at baseline, postintervention and 3‐month follow‐up.ResultsAt postintervention the media literacy group had lower mean scores on weight concern than the control group (p =0.007) but the self‐esteem group did not. There were some differences on self‐esteem measures at the 3‐month follow‐up.DiscussionMedia literacy programs combined with an interactive, student‐centered framework may potentially be a safe and effective way of reducing risk factors for eating disorders. The impact of teaching style needs to be further evaluated in prevention research. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 371–383, 2003.
Effectiveness of spouse involvement in cognitive behavioral therapy for binge eating disorder
Authors: Gorin Amy A. , Le Grange Daniel , Stone Arthur A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined whether involving the spouse in group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for binge eating disorder (BED) enhances treatment outcome relative to standard group CBT.MethodNinety‐four overweight women with BED were randomly assigned to either (1) standard group CBT, (2) group CBT with spouse involvement, or (3) a wait‐list control group. Eating and general psychopathology assessments were completed at baseline, after treatment, and at 6‐month follow‐up.ResultsAlthough both CBT groups fared significantly better than the wait‐list control group on measures of binge eating, weight, eating psychopathology, and general psychopathology, CBT with spouse involvement did not result in any additional benefit over and above standard CBT.DiscussionThese results are in contrast to the success of spouse involvement in the treatment of several other physical and psychological disorders. Possible reasons for this disparity, and suggestions for improving spouse involvement in BED treatment, are discussed. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 421–433, 2003.
Comparing clinical and research treatments for eating disorders
Authors: Haas Heather L. , Clopton James R. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated whether there is a gap between research and practice in the treatment of eating disorders.MethodPsychologists in clinical practice (N=126) were surveyed regarding their treatment of a recent client with an eating disorder and a content analysis of published treatment outcome studies for eating disorders (N = 76) was conducted.ResultsThe treatment of eating disorders in clinical and research settings was found to differ significantly on several variables, including the types of therapeutic issues addressed and the frequency of comorbidity seen in clients. Logistic regression analyses found that the frequency with which psychologists read journal articles about eating disorders was significantly related to whether their clients received empirically validated treatment.DiscussionPsychologists in clinical practice are not using empirically validated treatments not only because of a lack of training but also because such treatments provide little guidance for dealing with the issues and comorbid problems that their clients with eating disorders often have. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 412–420, 2003.
Quality of life and bulimic eating disorder behaviors: Findings from a community‐based sample
Authors: Hay Phillipa 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjectiveThe aims were to test relationships between bulimic eating disorder behaviors, and measures of quality of life, and to replicate previous findings with respect to their prevalence and distribution in a representative sample.MethodData were obtained from 3010 interviews of a randomly selected sample of 4400 adult households. Quality of life was assessed with the SF‐36 Health Status Measure and the Australian Quality of Life Survey.ResultsEating disorder behaviors were associated with significantly lower quality of life scores. On MANOVA, regular current binge eating explained 23% (p < 0.001) of the variance in SF‐36 physical and mental health component scores, and extreme weight control behaviors explained 5% (p = 0.001). The main findings of the former South Australian survey were replicated. The mean duration of behaviors since onset was 6.6 (SD, 9.2; median 3) years.ConclusionsEating disorder behaviors were associated with poorer quality of life and were often chronic. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 434–442, 2003.
The influence of puberty and ethnicity on awareness and internalization of the thin ideal
Authors: Hermes Susan F. , Keel Pamela K. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the effects of puberty and ethnicity on awareness and internalization of the thin ideal.MethodFourth and fifth‐grade girls (N = 67) and their parents (N = 67) completed questionnaires assessing demographic variables, eating pathology, pubertal development, and awareness and internalization of the thin ideal.ResultsGirls in pre/early puberty did not differ significantly from girls in mid/late puberty on awareness of the thin ideal; however, more developed girls had significantly greater internalization of the thin ideal. Caucasian and non‐Caucasian girls also did not differ on awareness of the thin ideal, but non‐Caucasian girls reported greater internalization. No significant interactions between race and puberty existed on the dependent variables.DiscussionFactors specifically related to puberty seem to be key to girls' development of disordered eating attitudes. The effect of puberty on increased internalization of the thin ideal cannot be explained by increased age or awareness of the thin ideal. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 465–467, 2003.
Childhood and adulthood abuse in bulimic and nonbulimic women: Prevalences and psychological correlates
Authors: Léonard Stéphanie , Steiger Howard , Kao Alina 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated associations between childhood physical and sexual abuse in bulimic women and eating disturbances, psychiatric symptoms, and likelihood of later abuse in adulthood.MethodFifty‐one bulimics and 25 normal eaters participated in this study. Semistructured interviews and self‐report measures were used to assess eating symptoms, comorbid psychiatric disturbances, personality pathology, and childhood and adulthood abuse.ResultsCompared with the normal eaters, bulimic women reported higher levels of childhood abuse. Although bulimic women showed more psychopathology than nonbulimic women, there was a correspondence between the presence and severity of abuse and the severity of concurrent psychopathologic symptoms. Results linked dissociation and submissiveness to most severe forms of abuse. Abuse in adulthood was almost always preceded by earlier abuse during childhood.DiscussionOur findings suggest an association between certain psychopathologic traits and the likelihood of abuse (especially when occurring both in childhood and adulthood). Observed associations could implicate causal effects of childhood abuse on personality development, influences of personality traits in heightening the risk of abuse, or both. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 397–405, 2003.
Chemical composition of the essential oil of Nepeta racemosa Lam. from Iran
Authors: Dabiri M. , Seﬁdkon F. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe essential oil of Nepeta racemosa (Lamiaceae) was prepared by hydrodistillation and was analysed by a combination of GC and GC–MS. Twenty‐four components were identiﬁed, constituting approximately 99.3% of the oil. The major constituents of essential oil were 4aβ,7α,7aβ‐nepetalactone (33.6%), 4aα,7α,7aβ‐nepetalactone (25.6%), 4aα,7α,7aα‐nepetalactone (24.4%) and 1,8‐cineole (9%). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The essential oil of Seseli tortuosum L. growing in Turkey
Authors: Kaya Ayla , Demirci and Betül , Başer K. Hüsnü C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWater‐distilled essential oil from the aerial parts of Seseli tortuosum (Apiaceae) was analysed by GC and GC–MS; 96 compounds were characterized, representing 95.4% of the oil. The main constituents were found to be α‐pinene (35.9%), sabinene (8.8%), (E)‐sesquilavandulol (8.4%) and β‐pinene (7.0%). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GC–MS analysis of volatile hydrolysis products from glucosinolates in Farsetia aegyptia var. ovalis
Authors: Al‐Gendy A. A. , Lockwood G. B. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwenty‐two volatile glucosinolate hydrolysis products from seeds and leaves of Farsetia aegyptia var. ovalis were identiﬁed and quantiﬁed using both natural autolysis and exogenous myrosinase, followed by GC–MS. The 22 isothiocyanate thiocyanate, epithioalkane nitrile and nitrile hydrolysis products identiﬁed can be rationalized, assuming 13 glucosinolates in the seeds and 12 in the leaves. Among the volatile hydrolysis products observed, those derived from allylglucosinolates and 3‐methylsulphinylpropylglucosinolate (glucoiberin) were prominent. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Essential oils from flowers of Centaurea kotschyi var. kotschyi and C. kotschyi var. decumbens from Turkey
Authors: Ertugrul Kuddisi , Dura Huseyin , Tugay Osman , Flamini Guido , Cioni Pier Luigi , Morelli Ivano 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe compositions of the essential oils obtained from fresh capitula of Centaurea kotschyi var. kotschyi and Centaurea kotschyi var. decumbens, two endemic plants from Turkey, have been studied. Sesquiterpenes were the main components of both essential oils, with germacrene D (44.2%), β‐caryophyllene (12.1%) and bicyclogermacrene (5.5%) in C. kotschyi var. kotschyi and germacrene D (29.4%), β‐caryophyllene (11.2%), β‐cedrene (7.1%) in C. kotschyi var. decumbens as the principal components. The qualitative and quantitative differences between the two essential oils are in agreement with the morphological observation that led to the differentiation of the two varieties.Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.