bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of coronary artery disease in patients with left bundle branch block and its association with risk factors hypertension and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Aljubawii Ameer Ahmad Abd AL-Ameer , Hussein Hussein Nassir , AL-Alwany Ameen Abdulhasan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is a common finding in electrocardiography, there are many causes of LBBB.

Objectives:
The aim of this study is to discuss the true prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with LBBB and associated risk factors in the form of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with LBBB were admitted to the Iraqi heart center for cardiac disease in December 2017 to the end of April 2021; all patients underwent coronary angiography and they are classified into three groups: group 1: patients with proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) or mid-LAD and either left circumflex artery (LCX) or right coronary artery (RCA) with lesion consider significant if more than 70% stenosis of the artery, group 2: patients with either isolated LCX or RCA with lesion if more than 70% stenosis of the artery, group 3: patients with normal coronary artery.

Results:
The most important finding in this study is that the percentage of LAD artery lesions or two vessels disease was only 24.5%. Patients in group 1 showed a high prevalence of hypertension (77.6%), whereas in group 3, the prevalence of hypertension was 47.95%. In this study, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in group 1 was high (62.2%), whereas in group 3, it was 32%.

Conclusion:
High prevalence of men with LBBB than women, and the prevalence of LBBB increases with age. Patients who had hypertension and diabetes mellitus with LBBB most likely had an ischemic cause of LBBB, but patients with LBBB had low ejection fraction (EF) 369 out of 400 patients (90%) had low EF.
Effect of breastfeeding on the HMGA2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in relation to first primary tooth emergence among Iraqi infants
Authors: Salih Shaimaa Thabit , Diab Ban Sahib 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgrounds:Breastfeeding provides a large group of functional components that improve the infant’s health and development.additionally, the impact of human milk and genetic variants on complicated outcomes has also been the subject of several gene–nutrition interaction studies. This could also play a key part in the kinship that exists between offspring and their parents.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to compare breastfeeding to infants who were fed formula in order to determine if human milk affected the timing of teething in relation to genetic polymorphisms.Materials and Methods:This study is a cross-sectional comparative study concerning genetic analysis with a prospective view concerning the timing of eruption. The chosen sample included 40 breastfed infants and 40 infants who consumed formula milk. It was compiled from Baghdad’s health centers. For the genetic analysis, DNA samples were obtained from saliva throughout the buccal swab. Standard DNA extraction and real-time PCR techniques have been used according to the manufacturer’s instructions for the Quick-DNA™ MiniPrep kit (catalog nos. D3024 and D3025). For the whole sample, clinical examination and monitoring for emerging teeth were performed using a particular criterion.Results:findings showed that there were highly significant differences between breastfeeding and early eruption time for the first primary tooth. Also, there was a significant association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the heterozygous AG genotype and eruption time.Conclusion:The results of the current study may support the genetic influence of breast milk on early primary teeth eruption when juxtaposed with infants fed formula.
Single nucleotide polymorphism of IL-18 gene and resistin gene in children infection with Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Al-Sultany Aseel Kariem , Al-Morshidy Kassim Abdulla Hamza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Human amebiasis is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, which is found in many tropical countries. E. histolytica infections are known to have a wide range of clinical consequences. Most infections are asymptomatic; some cause diarrhea and dysentery, and only a few cause extraintestinal consequences, including liver abscess. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most prevalent kind of sequence variation in genomes and are regarded as useful genetic markers for exposing the evolutionary history and common genetic variants that explain the heritable risk for common illnesses and effected in the progression of some infections.

Objective:
Investigation of gene polymorphism of the parameters (interleukin 18 [IL-18], resistin) most susceptible to parasitic infection.

Materials and Methods:
Stool samples were collected from patients who were attending the (Kerbala Teaching Hospital for children in the holy city of Kerbala), between February 2021 and January 2022. In total, 3748 samples of feces from children between the ages of 1 and 15 years from both gender were tested using both direct smear and acid-fast stain tests in addition to rapid test techniques. Five milliliters of blood were obtained from 25 patients infected with E. histolytica, as well as 5 mL of blood from 25 healthy youngsters (sample control).

Results:
The result showed the distribution of genotype of IL-18 SNPs in intestinal parasites patient in contrast to the control group; there is an increase in the level of IL-18 in some SNPs, resistin concentration was statistically significantly different between resistin gene polymorphisms.

Conclusion:
The IL-18 and resistin polymorphism can be considered one of the genetic factors responsible for the progression of E. histolytica infection.
The association between anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase IgG and hemoglobin A1C among newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes of some Iraqi children in Karbala City
Authors: Hadi Hiba Ali Al-Khadhi , Al-Masoudi Hayam Khalis , Mahdi Mohammed Salih 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is brought on by immune system dysfunction intolerance, invasion of beta cells by autoreactive immunological T cells, degradation of beta cell activity and survival, and extended exogenous insulin treatment. One of the circulation autoantibodies against antigens of pancreatic cell that produce insulin is glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD IgG antibody) that indicate the stress and/or death of the islet cell in T1D. A blood glucose monitoring test called hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is used to determine the average blood sugar level over three months (February, March, and April of 2022).

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to assess the frequency of anti-GAD IgG and HbA1c in T1DM children, as well as their correlation.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy individuals with new-onset T1DM (confirmed by clinical signs, including increased urination, intense hunger, intense thirst, and abrupt weight loss, along with a random blood sugar test that is higher than 200 mg/dL and a fasting blood sugar test that is higher than 126 mg/dL) are male and female, ranging in age from 1 to 12 years. Blood was drawn for the biochemical and immunological tests (including HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, C-peptide, anti-islets antibodies, and anti-GAD antibodies).

Results:
Ninety-four percent of the T1DM patients had positive anti-GAD IgG with a mean concentration of 147 IU/mL, and 6% had negative anti-GAD IgG with a mean value of 9 IU/mL. At the same time, the findings of the current study’s calculation of HbA1c levels revealed that individuals with newly diagnosed T1DM had a total mean average of HbA1c of 10.53.

Conclusion:
Specifically in T1D that had arisen in extremely young children, autoimmunity was discovered to take part in the glycemic index expressed by glycated hemoglobin average.
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor as a predictive marker for cardiac disease among type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Mohammed Melak Saleh , Ahmed Hind Shakir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive and chronic disease manifested by β-cell dysfunction and improved insulin resistance. Higher levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptors have been found to predict morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients with cardiac disease.

Objective:
This study aims to explore the role of serum urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor levels as a prognostic marker among type 2 diabetic Iraqi patients.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 70 type 2 diabetic patients (40 male and 30 female) (mean age: 46.20 ± 7.56 years) participated in this study; 35 patients were with cardiovascular disease and 35 were without cardiovascular disease; their ages range were 40–55 years. They were collected from Baghdad Teaching Hospital/Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq through the period from October 2022 to February 2023. Moreover, 30 individuals who were apparent healthy were selected as control group.

Results:
There was significant increase in blood glucose, lipid levels with their ratios, and C-reactive protein in diabetic patients as compared to the control. Also, the present results reveal high levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (2500.72 ± 12.36 vs. 2255.32 ± 10.15) ρg/mL with OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.2, and P = 0.0001 in type 2 diabetic patients with and without cardiovascular disease, respectively, as compared to healthy control (229.00 ± 14.48) ρg/mL. Moreover, this study reveals that female patients had higher levels of serum urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor as compared to the male patients.

Conclusion:
It demonstrated that urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor levels reliably predict morbidity among type 2 diabetic patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of cardiovascular disease.
Local cOinage and Hospital Equipment Index (Lo Hei): projectile distance of Singapore coinage and healthcare-related equipment in a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner
Authors: Ong Shao Jin , Hallinan James TPD , Khoo Deborah , Hoon Desmond , Chia Koon Liang , Hang Joanne , Teo Lycia , Su Peijing , Ong Michael , Ang Bertrand , Quek Swee Tian 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Modern magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners utilise superconducting magnets that are permanently active. Patients and healthcare professionals have been known to unintentionally introduce ferromagnetic objects into the scanning room. In this study, we evaluated the projectile risk of Singapore coinage as well as some common healthcare equipment within a 3 T MRI scanner.

Methods:
A rig termed ‘Object eNtry Guidance and Linear Acceleration Instrument’ (ONG LAI) was custom-built to facilitate safe trajectory of the putative ferromagnetic objects. A ballistic gel target was utilised as a human tissue surrogate to estimate tissue penetration. The point at which objects would self-propel towards the scanner was named ‘Huge Unintended Acceleration Towards Actual Harm (HUAT AH)’.

Results:
Singapore third-series coins (10-cent to 1-dollar coins) are highly ferromagnetic and would accelerate towards the MRI scanner from more than one metre away. Cannulas with their needles are ferromagnetic and would self-propel towards the scanner from a distance of 20 cm. Standard surgical masks are ferromagnetic and may lose their sealing efficacy when they are worn too close to the magnet. Among the tested objects, a can of pineapple drink (Lee Pineapple Juice) had the highest HUAT AH at a distance of more than 1.5 m.

Conclusion:
Some local coinage and commonly found objects within a healthcare setting demonstrate ferromagnetic activity with projectile potential from a distance of more than 1 m. Patients and healthcare professionals should be cognisant of the risk associated with introducing these objects into the MRI scanning room.
Review for special issue: Corneal lamellar surgery: Present outcomes and future perspectives
Authors: Hamon Loïc , Weinstein Isabel , Quintin Adrien , Safi Tarek , Bofferding Max , Daas Loay , Seitz Berthold 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Since the establishment of the first eye bank in the 1940s, their role has evolved to face new challenges. With the recent development of lamellar keratoplasties, eye banks play an even bigger role in the selection and preparation of donor tissues. The increasing number of keratoplasty techniques and the high demand for “ready-to-use” tissues are challenging eye banks to improve and develop new preparation techniques. Besides necessary examinations, new approaches of tissue analysis in eye banks allow a better/optimized selection of corneal tissues. These new challenges in tissue preservation, preparation, and selection are propelling eye banks into a new era of modern eye banking.
L’ancrage idéologique du Séminaire vaudois de culture théologique
Authors: Bastian Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2024

Afin de préciser l’héritage théologique dans lequel le Séminaire de culture théologique s’est inscrit par ses fondateurs, il convient d’explorer la manière dont les libristes ont développé leur enseignement théologique au fil du temps au sein de leur Faculté fondée à Lausanne en 1847. Il nourrit la formation octroyée aux laïcs mettant en œuvre une pédagogie de la conviction ancrée dans la théologie du Réveil propagée durant plus d’un siècle (1847-1966) par l’Église évangélique libre du canton de Vaud et par sa Faculté. Au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il s’agissait plus largement de repenser l’implication du christianisme dans la société. Le Séminaire contribua ainsi à renforcer la place des laïcs et à démocratiser l’accès à la théologie.
Enigma of the Developmental Causes in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Narayan Shweta , Delloro Derick 
Published: February 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurobiological developmental condition that can impact communication, sensory processing, and social interaction. ASD) is a developmental disability that can cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. For a long time now, the scientific community has been grappling with the enigma of what causes the developmental deficits in people on the autism spectrum, the causes of the ASD symptoms, and the timing of the manifestation of ASD in infants that occurs on or after 6 months. Several research studies show that the main cause of autism appears on account of the enlargement of the brain, specifically the amygdala, which could lead to communication and physical deficits, as well as sensory and light sensitivity. The research on the causes for ASD is still at the nascent stage as there are still many unanswered questions including about the causes of ASD. It appears that few if any ASD Research studies have a representative sampling for gender and the majority of research focuses on male individuals with ASD. This literature review reveals that more research is required to bridge the gaps in our understanding of ASD . The enigma of the developmental causes in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder continues to be of interest to the scientific community and there is potential for further research regarding factors for pre-onset of ASD.
Treating Alzheimer’s and ATTR using CRISPR-Cas9 to target amyloidosis
Authors: Joshi Pranav , Guilz Nicole , Amendola Michael 
Published: February 2024

Approximately 50 million people live with Alzheimer’s (Alz) and 50,000 people are living with Transthyretin Amyloidosis (ATTR) worldwide. Both Alz and ATTR are types of amyloidosis, a disease where amyloid protein builds up in the body’s organs. Alz and ATTR are conditions with no known cures and similar etiologies but different manifestations in the brain and heart, respectively. Alzheimer’s disease is irreversible, which causes lifelong suffering for patients and their families. ATTR is a potentially fatal disease that causes heart problems for patients. Amyloidosis arises due to genetic mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) or proteins involved in the generation of APP such as BACE1, PSEN1, PSEN2, APOE and transthyretin (TTR) genes, which result in the overexpression and accumulation of amyloid protein. CRISPR-Cas9 is a breakthrough gene editing technology that is capable of editing mutations in multiple genes with high specificity. This technology has the capability of treating both Alz and ATTR through targeted gene editing of the mutations that contribute to these diseases. This review will focus on BACE1, PSEN1, PSEN2, and APOE as targets for Alz and TTR as a treatment for ATTR through the use of CRISPR-Cas9. Various delivery mechanisms and current clinical trials will be discussed to identify the best delivery route of these treatments for the respective disease . A CRISPR-Cas9 derived treatment would bring new hope for patients with these diseases and could propel cures for other types of amyloidosis.
Test Anxiety and Perfectionism
Authors: Landsman Melissa , Escamilla Grace , Matyas Justin 
Published: February 2024

Past research demonstrates that test anxiety is an important component impacting academic performance. Perfectionism has been investigated as a factor associated with test anxiety. The purpose of this study is to contribute to an identified research gap by examining the distribution and association of perfectionism and test anxiety among high school students. This study included 74 high school students with the majority consisting of juniors and seniors in a suburban high school in Northeastern United States. Using the Westside Test Anxiety Scale and Short Almost Perfect Scale, 41% self-reported high test anxiety and 66% self-reported perfectionism in the high school student sample. Correlational analyses revealed a strong positive association (r = .47) between perfectionism and test anxiety, a strong positive association (r = .49) between discrepancy perfectionism (i.e., self-criticism) and test anxiety, and a weak positive association (r = .18) between standards perfectionism (i.e., striving) and test anxiety. The findings are consistent with existing studies of other age samples and further the understanding of test anxiety and its association with perfectionism in high school students. Implications for school-based interventions to manage test anxiety and perfectionism and directions for future research are considered.
Keywords: Test Anxiety, Perfectionism
Exploring the Influence of East Asian Culture Tendencies to Judge Others Based on Familial Factors
Authors: Kim Hidan , Song EunHye 
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to explore the influence of familial factors on prejudice among East Asians, considering the ambiguous impact of Confucian collectivism. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted to examine previous research on prejudice and its association with familial factors. The study employed the Implicit Bias Test and collected data from a voluntary sample of 33 East Asian individuals. The results of a logistical regression test (p=4.31 e -0.5) demonstrated that the participants placed considerable importance on familial factors: parental income, parental occupational prestige, and parental education. These findings indicate a significant influence of familial qualities in the judgments made by East Asians. However, further investigation is necessary to understand the specific role of Confucian culture in shaping these dynamics (Rsq =0.532). Overall, this study contributes to the existing literature and highlights the need for additional research to fully comprehend the complex interplay between familial factors, prejudice, and cultural influences among East Asians.
An Examination of the Representation of the Autistic Community in Film
Authors: Diaz Raquel , Olivo Daniel , Ciliento Kayla 
Published: February 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a life-long neurodevelopmental disorder where individuals with a diagnosis have communication challenges and many restrictions within their everyday life. Being a disadvantaged community, they tend to face discrimination and stigmatization on social media associated with social withdrawal and lower mental health. Their representation in film may have similar effects yet rarely studied. This study uses a directed content analysis with codes derived from the DSM-5 test and Baker’s Autistic Formula in order to calculate frequencies, duration, and percentages of movies devoted to each stereotype or criterion. The results from this research reveal that although the film industry is being representative they may be over-using certain symptoms and using stereotypes that the autistic community may find offensive.
Assisted Species Migration of Joshua Trees
Authors: Dunn Renee , Larson Melinda 
Published: February 2024

The Joshua tree evolved in a complex way with its environment, pollinator, and seed dispersers over millions of years. Its survival as a species is now imminently threatened by climate change. Many factors prevent it from migrating to a cooler range quickly enough to keep up with the planet’s current rate of warming. This paper explores the viability of assisted migration for the Joshua tree, where humans help it move to escape extinction. Several studies are examined. One persuasively shows that the Joshua tree had a range contraction when the climate warmed at the end of the Ice Age and that present warming will cause a similar, drastic range reduction. Other studies look at factors such as soil, CO2, pollinator mutualism, and seed longevity to determine if assisted migration would be successful. The ethics of assisted migration is also explored. This paper concludes that humans must try to assist the Joshua tree to migrate but that it will be difficult given the complexities of its evolution, its relationship to its environment, and a migration lag that is not completely understood.
The Intersections of Artificial Intelligence, Brain Imaging Tools and Diagnostics for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Jayaraj Anish 
Published: February 2024

This paper explores the fascinating topics of artificial intelligence (AI), brain imaging tools, and diagnostics for neurodegenerative diseases. By examining the advancements in AI algorithms and their integration with cutting-edge brain imaging technologies, this publication displays the potential of these approaches to revolutionize the diagnoses and understanding of neurodegenerative disorders. Through an analysis of recent studies, this paper highlights the significant progress made by utilizing AI-powered tools, enhancing the accuracy, efficiency, and early detection of conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Ultimately, this research underscores the transformative role that AI and brain imaging can play in the field of neurodegenerative disease diagnostics, paving the way for improved patient care and better outcomes.
In addition to exploring the current state of AI and brain imaging tools in neurodegenerative disease diagnostics, my paper also dives into the potential future applications and challenges in this rapidly evolving field. It discusses the ethics of AI-driven diagnostic methods, emphasizing the importance of ensuring patient privacy, informed consent, and equitable access to these technologies.
Abgang eines Sonnenkönigs
Authors: Deininger Olaf 
Published: February 2024

Frankfurt a.M. Applaus wollte nicht so recht aufkommen. Gerade hatte Klaus Josef Lutz seine Rede beendet und die Bühne verlassen. Einige Gäste – darunter viele Unternehmer und Kommunalpolitiker – schauten sich pikiert um.