bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial Proteins as Metabolic Biomarkers and Sites for Therapeutic
Intervention in Primary and Metastatic Cancers
Authors: Robledo-Cadena Diana Xochiquetzal , Pacheco-Velazquez Silvia Cecilia , Vargas-Navarro Jorge Luis , Padilla-Flores Joaquín Alberto , Moreno-Sanchez Rafael , Rodríguez-Enríquez Sara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Accelerated aerobic glycolysis is one of the main metabolic alterations in cancer, associated
with malignancy and tumor growth. Although glycolysis is one of the most studied properties
of tumor cells, recent studies demonstrate that oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is the main ATP
provider for the growth and development of cancer. In this last regard, the levels of mRNA and protein
of OxPhos enzymes and transporters (including glutaminolysis, acetate and ketone bodies catabolism,
free fatty acid β-oxidation, Krebs Cycle, respiratory chain, phosphorylating system- ATP
synthase, ATP/ADP translocator, Pi carrier) are altered in tumors and cancer cells in comparison to
healthy tissues and organs, and non-cancer cells. Both energy metabolism pathways are tightly regulated
by transcriptional factors, oncogenes, and tumor-suppressor genes, all of which dictate their
protein levels depending on the micro-environmental conditions and the type of cancer cell, favoring
cancer cell adaptation and growth. In the present review paper, variation in the mRNA and protein
levels as well as in the enzyme/ transporter activities of the OxPhos machinery is analyzed. An
integral omics approach to mitochondrial energy metabolism pathways may allow for identifying
their use as suitable, reliable biomarkers for early detection of cancer development and metastasis,
and for envisioned novel, alternative therapies.
Cinchonine: A Versatile Pharmacological Agent Derived from Natural
Cinchona Alkaloids
Authors: Parveen Shahnaz , Maurya Nidhi , Meena Abha , Luqman Suaib 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Cinchonine is one of the Cinchona alkaloids that is commercially extracted
from the Peruvian bark of Cinchona officinalis L. (Family: Rubiaceae). It is also obtained in
much lower quantities from other species of Cinchona, such as Cinchona calisaya, Cinchona succirubra,
and Cinchona pubescens, and in some other plants, such as Remijia peruviana. Cinchonine
has been historically used as an anti-malarial agent. It also has a wide range of other biological
properties, including anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-parasitic, antimicrobial,
anti-platelet aggregation, and anti-osteoclast differentiation.

Aim and Objective:
This review discusses the pharmacological activity of cinchonine under different
experimental conditions, including in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. It also covers the compound's
physicochemical properties, toxicological aspects, and pharmacokinetics.

Methodology:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted on multiple online databases,
such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The aim was to retrieve a wide range of review/research
papers and bibliographic sources. The process involved applying exclusion and inclusion
criteria to ensure the selection of relevant and high-quality papers.

Results:
Cinchonine has numerous pharmacological properties, making it a promising compound
for various therapeutic applications. It induces anticancer activity by activating caspase-3 and
PARP-1, and triggers the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. It up-regulates GRP78 and promotes
the phosphorylation of PERK and ETIF-2α. Cinchonine also inhibits osteoclastogenesis, inhibiting
TAK1 activation and suppressing NFATc1 expression by regulating AP-1 and NF-κB. Its
potential anti-inflammatory effects reduce the impact of high-fat diets, making it suitable for targeting
obesity-related diseases. However, research on cinchonine is limited, and further studies
are needed to fully understand its therapeutic potential. Further investigation is needed to ensure
its safety and efficacy in clinical applications.

Conclusion:
Overall, this review article explains the pharmacological activity of cinchonine, its
synthesis, and physicochemical properties, toxicological aspects, and pharmacokinetics.
Secondary Degeneration of White Matter Tract following Basal Ganglia
Infarction: A Longitudinal Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
Authors: Zheng Shasha , Lin Qixiang , Zhang Miao , Liu Hesheng , He Yong , Lu Jie 
Published: November 2023

Introduction::
We explored the relationship between secondary degeneration of white matter (WM) tracts and motor outcomes after left basal ganglia infarction
and investigated alterations in the diffusion indices of WM tracts in distal areas.

Methods::
Clinical neurological evaluations were accomplished using the Fugl–Meyer scale (FMS). Then, the fractional anisotropy (FA) of the bilateral
superior corona radiata (SCR), cerebral peduncle (CP), corticospinal tracts (CST), and corpus callosum (CC) were measured in all patients and
control subjects.

Results::
Regional-based analysis revealed decreased FA values in the ipsilesional SCR, CP, and CST of the patients, compared to the control subjects at 5-
time points. The relative FA (rFA) values of the SCR, CP, and CST decreased progressively with time, the lowest values recorded at 90 days
before increasing slightly at 180 days after stroke. Compared to the contralateral areas, the FA values of the ipsilesional SCR and CST areas were
significantly decreased (P=0.023), while those of the CP decreased at 180 days (P=0.008). Compared with the values at 7 days, the rFA values of
the ipsilesional SCR and CP areas were significantly reduced at 14, 30, and 90 days, while those in the CST area were significantly reduced at 14,
90, and 180 days. The CP rFA value at 7 days correlated positively with the FM scores at 180 days (r=0.469, P=0.037).

Conclusion::
This study provides an objective, comprehensive, and automated protocol for detecting secondary degeneration of WM, which is important in
understanding rehabilitation mechanisms after stroke.
Radiologists’ and Radiographers’ Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in
Medical Imaging in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alyami Ali S. , Majrashi Naif A. , Shubayr Nasser A. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction::
Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging rapidly expands regarding image processing and interpretation. Therefore, the aim was to explore
radiographers’ and radiologists’ perceptions and attitudes towards AI use in medical imaging technologies in Saudi Arabia.

Methods::
The survey was distributed online, and responses were collected from 173 participants nationwide. Data analysis was performed using SPSS
Statistics (version 27).

Results::
The participants scored an average of 1.7, 1.6, and 1.8 on a scale of 1–3 for attitudinal perspectives on clinical application and the positive and
negative impact of integrating AI technology in diagnostic radiology. Lack of knowledge (43.9%) and perceived cyber threats (37.7%) were the
most cited factors hindering AI implementation in Saudi Arabia.

Conclusion::
The radiographradiology radiologists in this study had a favorable attitude toward AI integration in diagnostic radiology; nonetheless, concerns
were raised about data protection, cyber security, AI-related errors, and decision-making challenges.
External Validation of Ultrasound Radiomics for Small (≤ 4 cm) Renal Mass
Differentiation: A Comparison with Radiologists
Authors: Liang Ming , Dong Licong , Ou Bing , Zhao Xinbao , Wu Jiayi , Qiu Haolin , Ye Mengting , Luo Baoming 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Renal cell carcinoma, especially in small renal masses (≤ 4 cm) (SRM), has increased. Pathological analysis revealed a high proportion of benign
masses, highlighting the urgent need for precise SRM differentiation.

Objectives::
This research aimed to independently validate the performance of machine learning-based ultrasound (US) radiomics analysis in differentiating
benign from malignant SRM, and to compare its performance with that of radiologists.

Methods::
A total of 499 patients from two hospitals were retrospectively included in this study and divided into two cohorts. US images were used to extract
radiomics features. To obtain the most robust features, inter-observer correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and least absolute
shrinkage and selection operator methods were applied for feature selection. Three models were developed in the training data using the stochastic
gradient boosting algorithm, including a clinical model, a radiomics model, and a combined model that integrated clinical factors and radiomics
features. The performance of these models was evaluated in the independent external validation data, including discrimination, calibration, and
clinical usefulness, and compared with pooled radiologists' assessments.

Results::
The AUCs of the clinical, radiomics, and combined models were 0.844, 0.942, and 0.954, respectively. The radiomics and combined models
significantly outperformed the clinical model (all p < 0.05), while no significant difference was observed between them (p = 0.32). The radiomics
and combined models showed good discrimination and calibration. Decision curve analysis exhibited that the combined model had clinical
usefulness. Compared with the pooled radiologists’ assessment (AUC, 0.799), the combined model showed superior classification results (p <
0.01) and higher specificity (p < 0.01) with similar sensitivity (p = 0.62).

Conclusion::
The combined model incorporating clinical factors and radiomics features accurately distinguished benign from malignant SRM.
Carbon Nanotubes: A Targeted Drug Delivery against Cancer Cell
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Pandey Surya Nath , Ahmad Farman , Verma Anurag , Sharma Himanshu , Ashique Sumel , Bhattacharyya Subhra Prakash , Bhattacharyya Indrani , Kumar Shubneesh , Mishra Neeraj , Garg Ashish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Drug delivery in human subjects has been the most difficult task since the ancient
time of the medical sector. An ideal drug delivery system is, one that minimizes the adverse
effects and maximizes the desired effects of the drug candidate. Various drug delivery systems
have been developed that may have some kind of advantages and disadvantages, among them
targeted drug delivery system is more preferable and convenient which may employ various
nanoparticles or other materials for the drug delivery at the specified site of action. In this, the
authors elaborately and comprehensively explained the role of recent carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
in targeted drug delivery systems (specifically for targeting cancerous cells). The authors also
described the methods of preparation of CNTs, characterization techniques for CNTs, cellular
penetration of, CNTs, and the associated toxicities with CNTs. Carbon nanotubes are preferable
to other nanoparticles because they are more electrically, mechanically, and organically stable
than others, they can carry more amount of drug in comparison to other nanoparticles and their
functionalization property makes them more attractive as a carrier molecule for targeting any
root cause of the disease.
Self-Assembled Nanoparticle-Forming Derivatives of Dextrin-Conjugated Polyethylenimine Containing Urethane Bonds for Enhanced Delivery of Interleukin-12 Plasmid
Authors: Keshavarz Valiollah , Kazemi Maryam , Khalvati Bahman , Dehshahri Ali , Sadeghpour Hossein 
Published: November 2023

Background and Objective:
In the present investigation, low molecular weight polyethylenimine
(LMW PEI, 1.8 kDa PEI) was conjugated to dextrin via urethane units and tested
to transfer plasmid encoding interleukin-12 (IL-12) plasmid. Although high molecular weight
PEI (HMW PEI, 25 kDa PEI) has shown substantial transfection efficiency, its wide application
has been hampered due to considerable cytotoxicity. Therefore, LMW PEI with low toxic effects
was used as the core of our gene transfer construct.

Methods:
LMW PEI was conjugated to dextrin via urethane units to improve its biophysical
characteristics as well as cytotoxic effects. The conjugates were characterized in terms of buffering
capacity, plasmid DNA condensation ability, particle size, and zeta potential as well as protection
against enzymatic degradation. In Vitro experiments were carried out to evaluate the
ability of these LMW PEI conjugates to transfer plasmid encoding human interleukin-12 (hIL-
12) to the cells. The MTT assay was performed to measure the cell-induced toxicity of the conjugates.

Results:
The results of our study demonstrated that the PEI derivatives with higher amounts of
amine content (i.e. higher conjugation degrees) have considerable buffering capacity and plasmid
condensation ability. These conjugates could condense plasmid DNA at Carrier to Plasmid
ratios (C/P) ≥2 and form polyplexes at the size range of 120-165 nm while their zeta potential
was around 5.5-8.5 mV. The results of transfection efficiency demonstrated that the level of IL-
12 production increased by 2-3 folds compared with unmodified LMW PEI while the level of
cytotoxicity was not higher than 20%.

Conclusion:
The strategy used in this study shows a promising way to prepare gene carriers
with high transfection efficiency and low toxicity.
In Situ Photo Responsive Biodegradable Nanoparticle Forming Intrauterine Implant for Drug Delivery to Treat Ovarian Diseases: A Rationale-based Review
Authors: Corrie Leander , Kommineni Nagavendra , Kaur Jaskiran , Awasthi Ankit , Gundaram Raghunandan , Kukati Latha 
Published: November 2023

:
Ovarian disease constitutes various types of endocrine disorders, such as polycystic
ovarian syndrome (PCOS), ovarian cancer, premature ovarian failure, ovarian endometriosis,
and ovarian cysts. The prevalence of ovarian-related diseases is highly vulnerable in the world.
The utility of various drug delivery systems for ovarian diseases has resulted in varied success.
Moreover, most of them lead to severe adverse effects and are incapable of ameliorating the
signs and symptoms of the condition. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) have positioned themselves as
a mechanism to deliver the drug for various ovarian-related diseases. Thereby avoiding various
stability-related issues arising due to various physiological barriers of the female reproductive
tract. However, the use of intrauterine devices for drug delivery to the ovaries has not been fully
explored. This is attributed to the fact that they cause cysts in the ovaries and skepticism among
patients and physicians. Photo-sensitive devices are an appealing approach for managing disorders
affecting the ovaries. Photo-sensitive in situ forming intrauterine implants (IUIs) have several
advantages, including simplicity in application, reduced invasiveness, as well as improved
site-specific drug release control. Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) loaded with a drug may be a
suitable choice to provide sustained release, alter the pharmacokinetics, and reduce the dose and
dosing frequency. The current manuscript hypothesizes the utility of a PNP-loaded biodegradable
photo-responsive intrauterine implantable device as an alternate novel strategy for ameliorating
ovarian-related diseases.
Engaging Parents in Technology-Assisted Interventions for Childhood Adversity: Systematic Review
Authors: Aldridge Grace , Tomaselli Alessandra , Nowell Clare , Reupert Andrea , Jorm Anthony , Yap Marie Bee Hui 
Published: November 2023

Background
Youth mental health problems are a major public health concern and are strongly associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Technology-assisted parenting programs can intervene with ACEs that are within a parent’s capacity to modify. However, engagement with such programs is suboptimal.

Objective
This review aims to describe and appraise the efficacy of strategies used to engage parents in technology-assisted parenting programs targeting ACEs on the behavioral and subjective outcomes of engagement.

Methods
Using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) reporting guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed papers that described the use of at least 1 engagement strategy in a technology-assisted parenting program targeting ACEs that are within a parent’s capacity to modify. A total of 8 interdisciplinary bibliographic databases (CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, OVID MEDLINE, OVID PsycINFO, Scopus, ACM, and IEEE Xplore) and gray literature were searched. The use of engagement strategies and measures was narratively synthesized. Associations between specific engagement strategies and engagement outcomes were quantitatively synthesized using the Stouffer method of combining P values.

Results
We identified 13,973 articles for screening. Of these, 156 (1.12%) articles were eligible for inclusion, and 29 (18.2%) of the 156 were associated with another article; thus, 127 studies were analyzed. Preliminary evidence for a reliable association between 5 engagement strategies (involving parents in a program’s design, delivering a program on the web compared to face-to-face, use of personalization or tailoring features, user control features, and provision of practical support) and greater engagement was found. Three engagement strategies (professional support features, use of videos, and behavior change techniques) were not found to have a reliable association with engagement outcomes.

Conclusions
This review provides a comprehensive assessment and description of the use of engagement strategies and engagement measures in technology-assisted parenting programs targeting parenting-related ACEs and extends the current evidence with preliminary quantitative findings. Heterogeneous definition and measurement of engagement and insufficient engagement outcome data were caveats to this synthesis. Future research could use integrated definitions and measures of engagement to support robust systematic evaluations of engagement in this context.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42020209819; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=209819
Professionals Evaluating Clients’ Suitability for Digital Health and Social Care: Scoping Review of Assessment Instruments
Authors: Kaihlanen Anu-Marja , Virtanen Lotta , Kainiemi Emma , Heponiemi Tarja 
Published: November 2023

Background
Increased digital health and social care services are generally considered to improve people’s access to services. However, not everyone can equally access and use these resources. Health and social care professionals should assess clients’ suitability for digital solutions, but to succeed, they need information about what to evaluate and how.

Objective
This scoping review aimed to identify evaluation tools that professionals can use when assessing clients’ suitability for digital health and social care. We summarized the dimensions and the practical usefulness of the instruments.

Methods
The MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Web of Science, and ASSIA databases were searched in February 2023 following the Joanna Briggs Institute’s Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Studies were included if they focused on health and social care clients and professionals, examined clients’ suitability for using digital health or social care, and applied related assessment methods in the direct client work of professionals. Studies focusing primarily on instruments intended for research use without clear applicability to professionals’ practical contexts were excluded. Details of the eligible studies were extracted, and qualitative content analysis according to the research objectives was performed.

Results
A total of 19 articles introducing 12 different assessment instruments intended for the health care context were included in the review. No instruments were found for evaluating the suitability for digital social care. The instruments contained 60 dimensions of the client’s suitability for digital health, which reflected four perspectives: (1) skill-based suitability, (2) suitability based on general ability to maintain health, (3) suitability based on attitude and experience, and (4) suitability based on practical matters. The described practical usefulness of the instruments included professionals’ possibility to (1) identify clients most in need of education and support, (2) direct and recommend the right clients for the right digital services, (3) ensure that clients can use digital health, (4) improve effectiveness and maximize the provision of digital health, (5) develop and redesign services, and (6) empower clients.

Conclusions
Based on the diverse assessment instruments available and the dimensions they measure, there seems to be no comprehensive evaluation tool for assessing clients’ prerequisites to use digital solutions. It is important to further develop comprehensive screening tools applicable to professionals’ busy work (both in health and social care) with defined threshold values for suitability.
Implementation of the discovery learning model with engaged writing strategy and image media in improving fantasy story writing skil
Authors: Baroroh Anfiya'ul , Qur'ani Hidayah Budi , Prihatini Arti , Hieu Ho Ngoc 
Published: November 2023

Fantasy story writing requires imagination, reasoning, sensitive feelings, and self-motivation to discover and process narrative ideas. Thus, this study describes how the discovery learning model with engaged writing strategies and image media improves fantasy narrative writing. This research employed a Quasi-Experimental Design. Data was collected using writing tasks, tests, and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics and Microsoft Excel software. The research sample was class VII students at SMP Muhammadiyah 15 Brondong, Lamongan Regency. Research shows that the discovery learning model with engaged writing strategies and picture media improves fantasy narrative writing skills by integrating students' thoughts, feelings, and intrinsic motivation. The findings were evident from the Mann-Whitney U test, which showed a significant influence of this innovative learning model with a post-test value (0.0000005) and writing task value (0.00000001). Selain itu, hasil N-Gain value kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi (71%) dibandingkan kelas kontrol (5.4851%). By integrating engaged writing and image media, the discovery learning model significantly enhanced the experimental group's capacity to compose fantasy stories. However, the expository model was less effective in the control group. Thus, discovery learning models with engaged writing strategy and image media may improve fantasy story writing ability.
Review on Needle Free Injection Technology
Authors: Narwade P.S. , Bora V.G. , Mhaske P.S. , Sheikh A.A. , Biyani K.R. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Needle-free injection technology (NFIT), its advantages, and the different devices and variants available. It highlights the potential of NFIT for painless and effective drug delivery and its use in mass vaccination campaigns.
Methods: The primary factors that need to be considered to provide a stable, safe, and effective dose by NFIT. It also explains the classification of NFIT devices based on their working, type of load, mechanism of drug delivery, and site of delivery.
Results: The additional benefit of NFIT technology, which is the ability to administer highly viscous medicated formulations that cannot be administered by conventional needle and syringe systems. It also highlights some of the commercially available variants of NFIT devices, such as Bioject®, ZetaJetTM, and Vitajet.
Conclusion: The advantages and potential of NFIT for painless and effective drug delivery, particularly in mass vaccination campaigns and the developing world. It emphasizes the need for further research and development in this field to improve the stability, safety, and efficacy of NFIT devices.