bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dystroglycan is involved in laminin‐1‐stimulated motility of Müller glial cells: Combined velocity and directionality analysis
Authors: Méhes Elöd , Czirók András , Hegedüs Balázs , Szabó Bálint , Vicsek Tamás , Satz Jakob , Campbell Kevin , Jancsik Veronika 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe investigate the role of dystroglycan, a major laminin‐1 receptor and central member of the dystrophin–glycoprotein complex, in the laminin‐1 induced motility of cultured Müller glial cells. Binding of laminin‐1 to dystroglycan was prevented by IIH6, a function‐blocking monoclonal antibody against α‐dystroglycan. As an alternative means of inhibition, we used heparin to mask the dystroglycan binding site of the laminin‐1, known to overlap with heparin binding sites. Cell motility was characterized in a two‐dimensional motility assay based on computer‐controlled videomicroscopy and statistical analysis of cellular trajectories. We obtained data on both the cell velocity and the diffusion index, a measure of direction‐changing frequency. Both means of inhibition of dystroglycan function led to a significant decrease in the ability of laminin‐1 to stimulate cell migration. At the same time, dystroglycan function does not appear to be involved in laminin‐1‐dependent increase in process dynamism and direction‐changing activity. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Glial glutamate transporter expression patterns in brains from multiple mammalian species
Authors: Williams Susan M. , Sullivan Robert K.P. , Scott Heather L. , Finkelstein David I. , Colditz Paul B. , Lingwood Barbara E. , Dodd Peter R. , Pow David V. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIt is generally assumed that rodent brains can be used as representative models of neurochemical function in other species, such as humans. We have compared the distributions of the predominant glial glutamate transporters in rodents, rabbits, cats, pigs, monkeys, and humans. We identify similarities but also significant differences between species. GLT‐1v, which is abundantly expressed by rodent astrocytes, is expressed only in a rare subset of astrocytes of cats and humans, and appears to be absent from brains of rabbits and monkeys. Conversely, in the pig brain GLT‐1v is expressed only by oligodendrocytes. GLAST and GLT‐1α expression differed significantly between species; while rodents and rabbits exhibited uniform expression patterns in cortex, higher species, including cats, pigs, monkeys, and humans, exhibited heterogeneities in cortical and hippocampal expression. Patches devoid of labeling intermingling with patches of strong labeling were evident in areas such as temporal cortex and frontal cortex. In addition, we noted that in human motor cortex, there were inconsistencies in labeling for the C‐terminal of GLT‐1α and common domains of GLT‐1, suggesting that the C‐terminal region may be missing or that an unidentified splicing is present in many human astrocytes. Collectively our data suggest that assumptions as to the roles of glutamate transporters in any species may need to be tested empirically. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Family history of cancer and the risk of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Negri Eva , Pelucchi Claudio , Talamini Renato , Montella Maurizio , Gallus Silvano , Bosetti Cristina , Franceschi Silvia , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe analysed the relation between family history of cancer in first‐degree relatives and risk of prostate cancer (PC) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using data from a multicentric case‐control study conducted in Italy from 1991 to 2002 on 1,294 cases of incident, histologically confirmed PC, 1,369 cases of BPH and 1,451 men admitted to the same network of hospitals for acute, nonneoplastic conditions. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) of PC and BPH, adjusted for age and other confounders. Men with a family history of PC had an OR of PC of 4.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5–6.5), and the risk was higher when the proband was younger, when 2 or more relatives were affected or when the affected relative was a brother. The risk of PC was also increased in men with a family history of cancer of the ovary (OR = 6.2, 95% CI 1.2–32), bladder (OR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.6–7.4) and kidney (OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.5). An involvement of breast/ovarian cancer predisposition genes in a small proportion of PCs was suggested by the cluster of these cancers in female relatives of a few PC cases. The risk of BPH was increased in men with a family history of bladder cancer (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.0–5.0) but not PC (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 0.7–2.2). Our study adds further information on the association of family history of cancer and risk of PC and is, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive epidemiologic information on family history of cancer and risk of BPH. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Further evidence for a link between silica dust and esophageal cancer
Authors: Yu Ignatius Tak Sun , Tse Lap Ah , Wong Tze Wai , Leung Chi Chiu , Tam Cheuk Ming , Chan Alan CK 
Published: December 2004

AbstractOur objective was to examine the relationship between silicosis and esophageal cancer in Hong Kong. The mortality of esophageal cancer was investigated among caisson and non‐caisson workers in a cohort of 2,789 male silicotic workers in Hong Kong during the period 1981–99. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated using the Hong Kong general population rates as reference. The indirect method proposed by Axelson was used to adjust for the confounding effects of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. The SMR of esophageal cancer in the entire cohort was 2.22 (95% CI 1.36–3.43, based on 20 deaths) and was 4.21 (95% CI 1.81–8.30, based on 8 deaths) in the subgroup of caisson workers who had a higher exposure to silica dust. The relative risk of esophageal cancer for caisson silicotics was reduced to 2.34 after adjusting for the effects of smoking and alcohol drinking. No more excess risk of esophageal cancer was observed among non‐caisson silicotic workers after the adjustments. This historical cohort study revealed that there was an increased mortality risk of esophageal cancer among silicotics who had worked in underground caissons in Hong Kong after adjusting for cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. We believe that the excess risk of esophageal cancer mortality among caisson workers with silicosis could best be explained by the very heavy exposure to free silica dust in their working environment. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NBS1 657del5 mutation may contribute only to a limited fraction of breast cancer cases in Russia
Authors: Buslov Konstantin G. , Iyevleva Aglaya G. , Chekmariova Elena V. , Suspitsin Evgeny N. , Togo Alexandr V. , Kuligina Ekatherina Sh. , Sokolenko Anna P. , Matsko Dmitry E. , Turkevich Elena A. , Lazareva Yulia R. , Chagunava Oleg L. , Bit‐Sava Elena M. , Semiglazov Vladimir F. , Devilee Peter , Cornelisse Cees , Hanson Kaido P. , Imyanitov Evgeny N. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe gene for Nijmegen chromosomal breakage syndrome (NBS1) plays a role in a variety of processes protecting chromosomal stability. Recently, it was suggested in a Polish case‐control study that the founder hypomorphic mutation in NBS1, 657del5, which occurs in approximately 0.5% of Slavic subjects, may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (BC). We attempted to validate these findings in Russian subjects, who are also of Slavic descent. Heterozygous carriers for the 657del5 mutation were detected in 2 of 173 (1.16%) bilateral breast cancer cases, 5 of 700 (0.71%) unilateral breast cancer patients, 2 of 348 (0.57%) healthy middle‐aged females and in 0 of 344 elderly tumor‐free women. The difference between the “extreme” cohorts, i.e., biBC patients vs. elderly controls, approached the formal limit of statistic significance (p = 0.046). LOH at NBS1 was detected in only 3 of 5 available breast tumors from NBS1 657del5‐carriers. In 2 of these tumors, the loss involved the mutant NBS1‐allele. Overall, our data suggest that the NBS1 657del5 allele may contribute only to a limited fraction of breast cancer cases in Russia. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p53‐R175H mutant gains new function in regulation of doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis
Authors: Tsang Wing‐pui , Ho Franz Y.F. , Fung Kwok‐pui , Kong Siu‐kai , Kwok Tim‐tak 
Published: December 2004

AbstractMutation of tumor suppressor p53 gene gains new function in regulation of DNA damage‐induced apoptotic response in tumor cells, which may lead to a poor response in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Transfection of mutant p53 (R175H) to p53‐null osteosarcoma Saos‐2 cells suppressed apoptosis induced by doxorubicin (DOX), cisplatin and gamma radiation. Downregulation of caspase‐3 but not ‐8 or ‐9 basal protein levels was also observed in Saos‐2 cells transfected with p53‐R175H. After 48 hr of DOX treatment, the rate of procasapse‐3 activation into 17 kDa active form was about 3‐fold higher in the control cells than that in the p53‐R175H counterpart. Gene silencing of p53‐R175H expression by p53 siRNA upregulate the procaspase‐3 protein level and restored DOX‐induced apoptosis in p53‐R175H cells. Our results suggest that p53‐R175H mutation may gain new function in decreasing DOX‐induced apoptotic response through suppression of caspase‐3 level and its activation. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Laminin–apatite composite coating to enhance cell adhesion to ethylene–vinyl alcohol copolymer
Authors: Oyane Ayako , Uchida Masaki , Ito Atsuo 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA laminin–apatite composite layer with enhanced cell adhesive properties was successfully formed on the surface of an ethylene–vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) by a liquid phase coating process. The coating process was carried out with the following procedure. First, an EVOH plate was alternately dipped in 200 mM calcium and 200 mM phosphate solutions to introduce nuclei or precursors of apatite to its surface. Second, the surface‐modified EVOH was immersed in a calcium phosphate solution, which was supersaturated with respect to apatite and containing laminin. As a result of this procedure, a laminin–apatite composite layer with a thickness of 2.5–3.0 μm was formed on the EVOH surface. Epithelial‐like cells (BSCC93) adhered to the laminin–apatite composite layer showed enhanced cell spreading, which was due to the biological effect of laminin. The number of cells adhered to the laminin–apatite composite layer on EVOH was approximately 10 times as large as that adhered to the surface of the untreated, laminin‐adsorbed, or apatite‐coated EVOH. Therefore, this type of composite material consisting of a synthetic polymer, apatite, and laminin has great potential as a skin terminal, with improved adhesiveness to skin tissue, as well as good biocompatibility. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 72A: 168–174, 2005
In vitro evaluation of antibiotic release from and bacteria growth inhibition by antibiotic‐loaded acrylic bone cement spacers
Authors: Anagnostakos Konstantinos , Kelm Jens , Regitz Thilo , Schmitt Eduard , Jung Werner 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe antibiotic release from and the bacteria growth inhibition by antibiotic‐loaded acrylic bone cement hip spacers were studied. The cement used was Palacos R, and it was loaded with either one antibiotic powder (gentamicin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, or synercid) [monoantibiotic case] or two antibiotic powders (gentamicin + vancomycin or gentamicin + teicoplanin) [biantibiotic case] and then tested against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Antibiotic elution and bacteria growth were measured every 24 h simultaneously by fluorescence polarization immunoassay and photometrically, respectively. The gentamicin + vancomycin combination achieved the longest growth inhibition on S. epidermidis and MRSA (mean of 20 and 14 days, respectively). Gentamicin + teicoplanin–loaded spacers were capable of inhibiting growth on E. faecalis and S. aureus for the longest period (11 and 16 days, respectively). The highest concentrations of gentamicin and vancomycin could be assayed during the first 4 days. Teicoplanin concentrations could be detected only during the first 72 h, synercid was not detected at all, possibly because of the limitation of the detection technique used. A greater percentage of the gentamicin was released than of the vancomycin. The aminoglycosid–glycopeptid combination showed a synergistic effect on the release of gentamicin, but not on vancomycin or teicoplanin. Biantibiotic‐impregnated hip spacers proved to be superior to monoantibiotic ones. Because of important differences between the conditions used for the present tests and the in vivo environment, any recommendation with regard to the use of monoantibiotic‐ and biantibiotic‐loaded acrylic bone cement spacers must await the results of further investigations. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 72B: 373–378, 2005
Late or emergency (salvage) cerclage of a dilated cervix after tissue support with Pelvicol™ implant: A case
Authors: Tsapanos Vassilios S. , Decavalas George O. , Adonakis George L. , Kourounis George S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractOur objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a late or emergency (salvage) cerclage after tissue reinforcement with Pelvicol™ natural implant, in preventing premature rupture of the fetal membranes and advancing pregnancy prolongation. A flat sheet of Pelvicol™, a sterile acellular natural (porcine) implant was used in an emergency cerclage to reinforce the thin tissues of a widely dilated cervix in a 24weeks' twin gestation with prolapsed unruptured membranes, without contractions, placental abruption, or intrauterine infection. The gestation was extended to 38 weeks without any complications. Two live healthy newborns were delivered by elective cesarean section due to a nonvertex/vertex presentation. The implant was found to be attached almost unaltered firmly on the outer surface of the membrane sac just opposite to the internal os. It seems that Pelvicol™ is safe and apparently protects by clothing the thinned, soft, and weak wall of a significantly dilated uterine cervix and the bulging or protruding gestational membranes. It also reinforces and strengthens the tissue thickness and resistance, rendering more accurate and safe the otherwise delicate and risky late cerclage. The technique gives hopes that it can help in pregnancy prolongation. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 72B: 368–372, 2005
Source terms in Eulerian–Lagrangian contaminant transport simulation
Authors: Croucher Adrian E. , O'Sullivan Michael J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractStandard Eulerian treatment of source terms in Eulerian–Lagrangian numerical simulations results in poor performance at higher Courant numbers. To regain the customary high accuracy of Eulerian–Lagrangian methods under these conditions, a Lagrangian treatment of source terms is needed. It is also important to include the effects of fluid sources as well as contaminant sources. A new Lagrangian source formulation is presented, which has been implemented in a finite element simulator for contaminant transport in rivers and estuaries. Test problems demonstrate the high accuracy of the technique under a range of conditions, and its applicability to general multi‐dimensional problems and unstructured grids. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A finite element solution of acoustic propagation in rigid porous media
Authors: Bermúdez A. , Ferrín J. L. , Prieto A. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThis paper deals with the acoustical behaviour of a rigid porous material. A finite element method to compute both the response to an harmonic excitation and the free vibrations of a three‐dimensional finite multilayer system consisting of a free fluid and a rigid porous material is considered. The finite element used is the lowest order face element introduced by Raviart and Thomas, that eliminates the spurious or circulation modes with no physical meaning. For the porous medium a Darcy's like model and the Allard–Champoux model are taken into account. The numerical results show that the finite element method allows us to compute the response curve for the coupled system and the complex eigenfrequencies. Some of them have a small imaginary part but there are also overdamped modes. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A micromechanical model for single‐crystal shape‐memory‐alloys
Authors: Bartel Thorsten , Hackl Klaus 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThis work is dealing with solid to solid phase transformations in shape‐memory‐alloys and the simulation of the corresponding characteristic phenomena, e.g. pseudoelasticity and the shape‐memory‐effect. In particular it focuses on the micromechanical behaviour of the material and the appearance of microstructures. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Eine algebraische und geometrische Mehrgitterstrategie für heterogene Materialien mit homogenisierungsbasierten Transferoperatoren
Authors: Bayreuther C. G. , Miehe C. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractMehrgitterverfahren eignen sich ideal zur Lösung großer dünnbesetzter Gleichungssysteme, wie sie bei FE‐Diskretisierungen komplexer Randwertprobleme auftreten können. Im Kontext heterogener Materialien wird eine Vorgehensweise vorgeschlagen, in der Zugänge der materialtheoretischen Mehrskalenbildung und Mehrgittermethoden zusammengeführt werden. Das neue Mehrgitterkonzept hat sowohl algebraische als auch geometrische Grundstruktur. Die Effizienz des neuen Konzepts wird am Beispiel des geometrischen Mehrgitters anhand repräsentativer Modellprobleme mit bekannten Verfahren verglichen. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Zur Erfassung der transversalen Normalspannungen in Schalen
Authors: Fiolka M. , Matzenmiller A. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFür ein Schalenelement der oberflächenorientierten Schalentheorie werden die Versteifungseffekte durch Kombination der Assumed Strain Methode und der Enhanced Assumed Strain Methode beseitigt. Die Multidirektorkinematik ermöglicht die genaue Erfassung der transversalen Normalspannungen in Schalen unter äußeren Querlasten. Das Element eignet sich zur Beschreibung dünnwandiger Faserverbundstrukturen und ist für grosse Rotationen und kleine Verzerrungen entwickelt worden. Anhand von zwei Beispielen wird das Elementverhalten demonstriert. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Different weak FE‐formulations for 2‐D frictionless Large Deformation Contact based on the Mortar Method
Authors: Fischer Kathrin A. , Wriggers Peter 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe application of the mortar method in contact mechanics is motivated by the limited use of well known elements, for example the node‐to‐segment (NTS) element, see [1]. The NTS element contains a strong projection of the displacements from one contacting body to the next. Coupling of this element type with higher order shape functions leads to a loss of accuracy of contact stresses. In contrast to this, the mortar element has the advantage of a weak projection. Therefore, consistent coupling with continuum elements of higher order is possible. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mechanical integrators for constrained dynamics of geometrically exact beams
Authors: Leyendecker S. , Betsch P. , Steinmann P. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe finite element formulation for nonlinear beams in terms of directors, providing a framework for the objective description of their dynamics, is considered. Geometrically exact beams are analyzed as Hamiltonian systems subject to holonomic constraints with a Hamiltonian being invariant under the action of SO(3). The formulation of the Hamiltonian systems in terms of the invariants of SO(3) is perfectly suited for a temporal discretization which leads to energy‐momentum conserving integration. In this connection the influence of alternative procedures for the treatment of the constraints is investigated for the example of a beam with concentrated masses. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A numerical approach for the simulation of ductile fracture with embedded discontinuities
Authors: Löblein Joachim , Schröder Jörg 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn the present study, a computational approach for the numerical simulation of ductile fracture within the framework of the finite element method is proposed. In the developed macroscopic formulation, the inelastic behavior in the bulk of the material is described by the finite elasto‐plastic material model proposed in [4]. The failure process is modeled by introducing discontinuities when a special local fracture criterion is satisfied. The discontinuities are incorporated via special triangular finite elements with embedded interfaces following the line of [2]. Finally, the numerical procedure is evaluated for a twodimensional representative test problem. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simulation of the sinus floor elevation
Authors: Rues Stefan , Lenz Jürgen , Schierle Hannes P. , Schindler Hans J. , Schweizerhof Karl 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn order to anchor implants in the severely atrophic maxilla, the method of sinus floor elevation has been introduced about ten years ago. For this purpose the bony support is extended into the sinus floor by filling it up with bone graft. It was not clear yet which degree of maturation the augmented bone must reach to distinctly reduce stress peaks in the bony structures. The results of this FE‐study show that it seems to be essential for the bone graft to attain at least the stiffness of cancellous bone. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Schwingungsformwechsel bei Regen‐Wind induzierten Schwingungen
Authors: Seidel Christian , Dinkler Dieter 
Published: December 2004

AbstractDas Phänomen der Regen‐Wind induzierten Schwingungen ist durch zwei unterschiedliche kritische Windgeschwindigkeitsbereiche gekennzeichnet, in denen die Schwingungen auftreten können. Bei dem Übergang von den Schwingungen im niederen Windgeschwindigkeitsbereich zu den Schwingungen im höheren Windgeschwindigkeitsbereich kommt es zu einem Wechsel der Schwingungsform, dessen mögliche strömungsmechanische Ursachen hier gezeigt werden. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Polyimides derived from novel asymmetric ether diamine
Authors: Hsiao Sheng‐Huei , Lin Ke‐Han 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA new aromatic asymmetrical ether diamine, 5‐(4‐aminophenoxy)‐1‐naphthylamine, was synthesized through the nucleophilic displacement of 4‐chloronitrobenzene with the potassium phenolate of 5‐amino‐1‐naphthol in dimethylformamide, followed by hydrazine palladium‐catalyzed reduction. A series of novel aromatic polyimides containing asymmetrical diaryl ether segments were prepared from the diamine with various aromatic dianhydrides via a conventional two‐step thermal or chemical imidization method. The poly(amic acid) precursors had inherent viscosities of 1.21–1.99 dL/g, and all of them could be cast and thermally converted into transparent, flexible, and tough polyimide films. The polyimides derived from less stiff dianhydrides generally displayed higher solubility. The glass‐transition temperatures of these polyimides were recorded between 307 and 336 °C by differential scanning calorimetry, and the softening temperatures of the polymer films were 299–344 °C according to thermomechanical analysis. The polyimides showed insignificant decomposition before 520 °C in air or nitrogen. For a comparative study, two series of analogous polyimides based on symmetrical diamines such as 1,5‐diaminonaphthalene and 1,5‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)naphthalene were also prepared and characterized. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 331–341, 2005