bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-principles investigation of Ra doping effects on structural, electronic, and optical properties of BaTiO3 perovskite for solar cell applications
Authors: Chahar Sonia , Mishra Krishna Kumar , Sharma Rajnish 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the properties of radium-doped barium titanate (BaTiO3). Using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) based on the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) approach, the bandgap energies of pure BaTiO3 (indirect band 1.61691 eV) and RaTiO3 (direct band 1.63612 eV) were determined. The orbital nature of Ba, Ra, Ti, and O atoms was analyzed through density of state and projected density of state analyses for pure BaTiO3, RaTiO3, and Ra-doped BaTiO3 (x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75). The optical properties of these materials, including dielectric constant, susceptibility, optical conductivity, polarizability (real and imaginary), absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, and reflectivity, were thoroughly examined. The findings provide insights into the potential applications of these materials in solar cells, optoelectronic devices, and flexible electronic devices.
Bottom-up analysis for carbon emissions from passenger and freight transport sectors in Xi’an: a city-level study using MOVES and LMDI models
Authors: Bo Ya’nan , Zhang Liyuan , Zhong Jiahao , Zhong Wei , Zhu Pengyue 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Road transportation is identified as one of the primary contributors to urban carbon emissions. This study employed a localized MOVES model, integrating high-resolution urban vehicle data, along with a categorical LMDI decomposition model, to conduct a detailed bottom-up analysis of carbon emissions from passenger and freight vehicles in Xi’an. The MOVES model was utilized to evaluate the inter annual variability of carbon emissions from road transportation sources. The LMDI models assessed the impact of six factors, focusing on microscopic traffic activities such as passenger/freight volume and turnover, vehicle ownership, mileage, carbon emission rate, vehicle types, and fuel types. The research indicates that carbon emissions in Xi’an increased significantly between 2012 and 2021, rising from 21.95 to 51.15 million tons, with an average annual growth rate of 9.9%. Passenger vehicles are the primary contributors to this increase. The emission patterns of passenger and freight vehicles differ notably due to various factors. For passenger transport, which includes passenger cars and school buses accounting for 97% of emissions, per capita vehicle turnover is the primary influencing factor. In contrast, for freight transport, combination long-haul trucks dominate emissions, comprising 65% of total freight emissions, with freight volume being the key influencing factor. By analyzing the factors driving carbon emissions from passenger and freight vehicles, this study provides valuable insights for reducing road traffic emissions in Xi’an and similar regions.
Integrating dynamic thermal strategies for solar-powered battery-ultracapacitor with prognostic EMS for HEVs
Authors: Kaushik Shraddha , Rachananjali K 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The challenge of thermal comfort and energy efficiency in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) in changing weather and dynamic driving scenarios is the primary objective of this study. Traditional energy management systems (EMS) frequently fall short in terms of maximizing energy efficiency and guaranteeing reliable operation. The paper proposed a novel prognostic EMS that combines dynamic thermal management with solar-powered battery-ultracapacitor (UC) systems in order to get over these limitations. In addition to controlling battery cooling and cabin air conditioning, this EMS uses predictive control to control energy transfer between the battery, UC, and solar (PV) system. The technology improves energy efficiency and self-sufficiency by taking into consideration real-time elements like driving conditions, ambient temperature, and solar power. The proposed EMS achieves over 80% self-sufficiency in all circumstances, according to simulation data, with a 1% increase in energy consumption over a 24 h period, as opposed to 2–3% with conventional techniques. Over the span of a 6 h control period, it sustains high rates of self-consumption with little fluctuation (0.5%). The EMS also lowers runtime and dissipation losses, which boosts profitability by 2% and lowers overall energy consumption by 9%. For HEVs, the EMS offers an efficient and sustainable solution that enhances thermal comfort, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability.
Investigation of hybrid nano-enhanced phase change materials by experimental evaluation and optimizing thermal performance for energy storage applications
Authors: Deshpande Pradnya Sameer , Jyothilakshmi R , N Srikantha , B S Sridhar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The research focuses on enhancing the thermal-physical properties of single-component nanofluids to improve heat transfer and enable efficient thermal management. The study investigates the thermal performance of hybrid nano-enhanced (HyNePCM) and mono-nano-enhanced phase change materials (MoNePCM) for potential use in Thermal Energy Storage (TES) applications added in solid–solid phase change material. Experiments were conducted using 1% weight of nanoparticles, with different combinations of SiO2 and TiO2 in hybrid nano-enhancement. It was found that the enthalpy of NPG- 0.7% weight SiO2/0.3% weight TiO2 was 124.8 J g−1, surpassing that of pure neopentyl glycol (NPG). The thermal conductivity for the same combination was the highest at 0.56 W mK−1. Mono-nano enhancement, involving 1% weight SiO2 and 1% weight TiO2, displayed improved thermal conductivity compared to pure Neopentyl Glycol, at 0.36 W mK−1 and 0.38 W mK−1, respectively. The addition of nanoparticles significantly enhanced the thermal properties of the phase change material, with hybrid composites outperforming mono-nano composites due to synergistic effects between different nanoparticles.
Reading Quintilian
Authors: Loporcaro Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This book takes Quintilian’s Institutio oratoria as a literary work, worth reading in full. It examines how didactic authority is created and readers are guided through the work thanks to a coherent overarching framework. This framework is composed of several leitmotifs: Quintilian’s creation of a trustworthy didactic persona, statements of didactic intent and method, the depiction of an ideal didactic constellation, remarks giving the sense that the work proceeds gradually and in parallel with the pupil’s training and the author’s life, polemics against other authorities, and ‘proleptic’ strategies deflecting responsibility for the potential lack of success of students following the advice given. The consistency of the framework indicates that the Institutio is not a mere accumulation of facts but an artfully crafted whole, as does the pervasive implementation of rhetorical strategies taught in it. The first chapter analyses how Quintilian introduces himself and his project at the start of the Institutio and outlines its structure. The following three chapters ground their analysis of the leitmotifs in the discussion of central themes: Quintilian’s reception of Cicero, his conception of the ideal orator, his polemic against what he presents as two currents of stylistic corruption, and his reception of Seneca the Younger. Together, the chapters aim to give a sense of the construction, goals, and models of the work and its positioning within a specific literary-cultural context. Combining a panoramic view with in-depth analysis of single leitmotifs and themes, Reading Quintilian hopes to shed new light on the Institutio as a whole.
Playing with Anachronism? On Contemporary Oratory
Authors: Loporcaro Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chapter 4 analyses Quintilian’s polemic against what he presents as contemporary stylistic corruption, and his reception of Seneca the Younger. First, it discusses how Quintilian consistently pitches his conception of good style against the two currents of ‘archaism’ and ‘modernism’, presenting the latter as more widespread and threatening to his educational project. This chapter contends that he borrows the vocabulary of effeminacy from Seneca to describe modernism and that his stylistic polemic is a prominent case of apotreptic exemplarity, a didactic strategy he recommends to teachers. Second, it argues that Quintilian presents Seneca as a bad stylist, teacher, and literary critic and as a fountainhead of modernism, and that he links him to Nero and his matricide. By linking modernism to Seneca, this chapter suggests, Quintilian presents this contemporary current of stylistic corruption as an anachronistic remnant of the Neronian past, which must be obliterated by his ‘Flavian’ educational project.
2817 University hospitals Dorset frailty virtual Ward: establishing a service
Authors: Cumming G , Bartlett T , Hedges S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
University Hospitals Dorset (UHD) wants to provide hospital level care to patients with frailty, in their own home. Our frailty virtual ward (VW) team consists of a consultant geriatrician, lead nurse, pharmacist, advanced nurse practitioner, nurses and therapists. We have a capacity of 20 patients across Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole localities. Our patients receive care at home for acute medical conditions supported by remote monitoring, blood testing, face to face assessments and daily Geriatrician input. We are collaboratively working with our community partners seeking to provide complete CGA in the patient’s home.

Methods
Establishing the service was non-linear and required multiple improvement cycles. Our VW fits alongside our frailty SDEC, day hospital and interim care team. We developed a SOP, a patient flow pathway and processes for medication prescribing and delivery supported by the Royal Voluntary Service. We screened our frailty wards for suitable patients and in May 2023 we tested by taking our first patient home. Subsequently our processes have developed around the patient’s needs. Through multiple PDSA cycles we tested various screening techniques, 7-day Geriatrician input, nurse recruitment, remote monitoring and used patient feedback to guide further service development and improvement.

Results
We are an established frailty virtual ward with 20 beds.

Conclusion
The UHD Frailty VW has developed out of a need for an early supported discharge and admission avoidance for our older patients. Through multiple PDSA cycles, we have established a virtual model that we feel is providing safe, hospital level care for patients with acute medical presentations. We hope to expand through recruitment and funding with an aim to deliver excellent quality care to patients with frailty in their in their own home. Our ambition includes closely working with South West Ambulance Service for further admission avoidance and developing a home IV pathway.
2827 Getting the BASICS right improves recognition and management of incontinence in a hospital setting
Authors: Mohangee I , Keir S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
In hospital incontinence increases length of stay (1), in orthopaedic patients is associated with increased likelihood of discharge to an institutionalised setting (2) and can have a major negative impact, with many rating bowel and bladder incontinence as a health state the same or worse than death (3). Yet of the Geriatric Giants, it is given relatively little attention. At a busy teaching hospital, we sought to raise awareness and improve management of incontinence across our 167 beds, by using a standardised, multi-disciplinary approach involving identification of patients and use of the components of BASICS (Bladder diary, A physical assessment, Symptom profile, Infection and Constipation check and a bladder Scan, fig. 1).

Method
Baseline data of a sample of 14 patients with new urinary incontinence with their aspects of continence assessment were added to a cumulative audit. Alongside checklists, a poster was designed and placed on each ward, a local teaching session about incontinence was delivered, and data shared at our local governance meetings. Following this, a further cycle of audit was performed. Reversible causes were identified and addressed appropriately.

Results
Between cycle 1 and 2 (February and June 2024), significant improvements were seen in most aspects of BASICS assessment with notable increases in use of the bladder diary (7 to 50%) and medical examination (7 to 57%). See fig. 2 for breakdown. As a consequence, there were multiple interventions aiming to improve patient symptoms.

Conclusion
Paying consistent and sustained attention to this neglected area of practice has demonstrated a change of culture is possible. We are now incorporating continence assessment into our medical trainee audit programme to support a sustained multi-disciplinary approach and maintain improvements.
2853 A frailty education programme for care home staff
Authors: Ninan S , Printz V , Denman T 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
We wished to improve the knowledge of care home staff in Leeds in identifying frailty and managing frailty related problems.

Method
We developed a frailty education course (www.leedsfrailtyeducation.co.uk) which was then refined and modified to target care home staff. We engaged key stakeholders at the council and the ICB to help develop and promote the course. The course was delivered across 4 venues in Leeds by geriatricians, a pharmacist and a community nurse.

Results
We had 128 attendees across the four days. From the feedback taken immediately after the study day (n = 69):
From the follow-up feedback (n = 19):
Attendees also valued the multi-sector, multi-professional expert presenters alongside the opportunity to meet and interact in-person.

Conclusion(s)
A dedicated study day for care home staff was well received by attendees and feedback received demonstrated self-reported lasting change to practice. Key enablers to the success of the course were: the reputation of the course locally which had been piloted and delivered in different formats previously, tailoring the material to the audience, and delivering the course in several different locations. More regular frailty teaching days can be implemented to capture more care home staff and ultimately improve care for residents.
2868 Improving bone health: a quality improvement journey implementing Scottish hip fracture audit recommendations
Authors: Balakrishnan S , Vick O , Mitchell J , McCluskey H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Hip fractures, predominantly affecting older adults, represent a significant health concern due to high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilisation. This ongoing Quality Improvement Project within Forth Valley Royal Hospital aims to enhance adherence to recommendations from the 2023 and 2024 Scottish Hip Fracture Audit. It specifically focusses on the timely administration of Vitamin D and IV Zoledronic Acid to frail patients with hip fractures.

Method
A retrospective and prospective cohort study design was employed, analysing the records of 165 inpatients under orthogeriatric care from November 2023 to May 2024. Initial data analysis indicated low rates of IV zoledronic acid and vitamin D administration, primarily due to clinician unfamiliarity and process inefficiencies. Subsequent interventions included staff education sessions, process standardisation, and the introduction of tracking tools such as Bone Health stickers and whiteboards. Formal referral pathways and decision-making protocols were implemented to ensure comprehensive and timely patient care.

Results
The interventions led to substantial improvements in adherence rates. Between November 2023 and March 2024 vitamin D administration rates increased from 14.71% to 100%, and IV Zoledronic Acid administration rose from 12.12% to 95.45%. These improvements were achieved through systematic tracking, enhanced clinician education, and standardised care processes. Despite these gains, challenges remain in achieving 100% adherence to IV Zoledronic Acid administration and addressing initial data capture inaccuracies due to inconsistent use of referral systems.

Conclusion(s)
The project demonstrates that targeted interventions and standardised care pathways substantially improve adherence to national guidelines for hip fracture patients. Sustained efforts in education, process refinement, and collaboration with the Hip Fracture Audit Team are essential to maintain these improvements. Future proposals include integrating Vitamin D and Adcal-D3 doses into an electronic prescribing protocol and conducting detailed statistical analyses to identify further areas for improvement.
2871 Empowering community partners to provide post-diagnosis support (PDS) for persons with dementia
Authors: Hong L , Seow A , Khoo SY , Ng H , Seetharaman SK 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Dementia is a prevalent condition in an ageing population. Persons with dementia and their caregivers are often uncertain about what to expect after an initial diagnosis. Previous studies conducted on the experiences of informal caregivers show a clear demand to address these: providing adequate information, psychosocial support and access to services.

Introduction
The diagnosis of dementia is usually made by specialists in the hospital. Resources in an acute tertiary hospital are valuable and need to be carefully distributed. To better allocate resources and relieve the manpower situation, we have collaborated with our community partner to provide PDS.

Methods
A PDS team consisting of an allied health professional and a caregiver peer is established with our community partner. They conduct home visits to provide psychoeducation to help persons with dementia and their caregivers to understand more about dementia, develop personalised care plans, and coordinate support services to provide psycho-emotional support. Close communications are maintained between the PDS team and the acute hospital referral team. Multidisciplinary team meetings involving the geriatricians, nurses, case managers and community partners are also held quarterly to provide regular updates about the progress of the patients and facilitate learning.

Results
A total of 95 persons who were newly diagnosed with dementia in the previous 1.5 years were referred. 53 patients were eventually enrolled under the PDS programme and received psychoeducation and made personalised care plans. 72% were given caregiver support and 66% were linked up to community services. The average duration between date of referral to date of first home visit is 13 days.

Conclusions
In an ageing population where there is high healthcare utilisation, it is efficient to utilise services instead of duplicating them. By collaborating with community partners, we are empowering them to play a better role in supporting persons with dementia.
2883 Quality improvement initiatives to improve one year follow up as per FLS-DB National Recommendations in a welsh health board
Authors: Hutchins M , Maggs S , Williams A , Devyani  , Vegad K , Singh I 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Fracture liaison services (FLS) aim to prevent secondary fractures by ensuring high-quality care to all patients with fragility fractures above 50 years. The standard recommendation by FLS Database (FLS-DB) is to identify 80% of the expected fragility fractures, commencing treatment for 50% and monitoring 80% at 16 weeks and 52 weeks.

Methods
FLS team noted that only 18.4% (n = 92) patients were followed at one-year of the total 875 patients identified in the year 2021 (National benchmark = 22.3%). Whilst FLS team identified 42.6% (n = 1649) patients in the year 2022, an 88% increase as compared to the year 2021. But there was reduction in the one-year follow-up from 18.4% to 13.8% (n = 149) in 2022. Quality improvement methodology based on the model of improvement; Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles, was used. Process mapping for the existing FLS showed that follow-up was only ad-hoc and not formalised. Our objective was to improve follow-up at one-year.

Results
Process mapping supported the development of a separate clinic code for annual review of patients, led by a geriatrics specialty trainee and supported by the FLS Clinical Lead. The patient lists were drawn from the FLS-DB and new patients booked for one-year follow-up clinic. FLS identified more fragility fracture patients (n = 2181, 61.4%) in 2023, a further increase of 32.2% as compared to previous year. Clinical leadership and dedicated one-year follow-up clinic supported improved performance (21.4%, n = 310) in the year 2023, which is comparable to the national benchmark (22.2%).

Conclusion
Several challenges were identified including lack of accurate telephone numbers for many patients; patients are transferred to primary care at one-year but there but the is osteoporosis knowledge gap in the community and need for dedicated time for follow-up clinic. This quality initiative has streamlined our follow-up clinics but need dedicated time to meet the service demand and increased capacity.
2819 Improving Ortho-geriatric outcomes: reducing immobility and post-operative hypotension in patients with neck of femur fractures
Authors: Gupta S , Jos H , Brampton J , Sharma A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
National guidance suggests that all patients with neck of femur fractures (NOFF) should be mobilised day one post-operatively (NICE, 2023, QS16). This reduces rates of delirium, pneumonia and length of stay (Sallehuddin & Ong, Age and Ageing, 2021, 50, 356–357). Hypotension is a leading cause of immobilisation post-operatively. National guidance advises appropriate fluid resuscitation and review of polypharmacy when indicated (British Orthopaedic Association, 2007). This quality improvement project aimed to reduce post-operative hypotension and improve day one post-operative mobilisation in NOFF patients.

Method
Three months of NOFF patients were retrospectively reviewed pre-intervention. Those who did not receive surgical intervention were excluded. The proportion of NOFF patients that were unable to mobilise due to post-operative hypotension on day one was identified. We reviewed if intravenous fluids were given pre-operatively and if anti-hypertensives were held. An intervention was then implemented including educational posters and teaching sessions for doctors and nurses to encourage prescription of fluids on admission, holding of antihypertensives pre-operatively and detection and escalation of oliguria or hypotension post-operatively. Data were then re-collected in a three-month period post-intervention to ascertain if there was any change in practice.

Results
70 patients underwent NOFF repair pre-intervention compared to 54 patients who underwent the procedure post-intervention. There was a decrease in the proportion of patients unable to mobilise day one post-operatively due to hypotension from 15.7% pre-intervention to 9.3% post-intervention. There was an increase in the proportion of patients who received pre-operative intravenous fluids from 64.3% pre-intervention to 77.8% post-intervention. Of those patients who took anti-hypertensive medication, a higher proportion had this suspended pre-operatively, increasing from 82.9% pre-intervention to 88.2% post-intervention.

Conclusion
Simple educational interventions can reduce post-operative hypotension in NOFF patients. Developing local guidelines may facilitate persistent clinical change, as improvements following poster distribution and teaching sessions may be transient.