bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stimuli‐Responsive Emission from Hybrid Metal Halides
Authors: Liu Kunjie , Liu Ke , Hao Shiqiang , Hou An , Cao Jindong , Quan Mingzhen , Wang Yonggang , Wolverton Christopher , Zhao Jing , Liu Quanlin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStimuli‐responsive photoluminescent (PL) materials have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their potential applications in anti‐counterfeiting, information encryption, and sensing. Further investigations of the transformation mechanism and potential applications of stimulus‐responsive PL materials are considerably important. In the current study, an organic–inorganic metal halide, C9H15N3SbCl5 ([C9H13N3]2+ is a 1‐(2‐pyridyl) piperazine cation) is obtained, which exhibits a 0D structure with P‐1 space group. At room temperature, when excited by UV light, the C9H15N3SbCl5 single crystals exhibit unimodal blue light emission at 405 nm, and grinding or hydrostatic pressure induces double‐peak emissions at 405 and 650 nm. Interestingly, double‐emission samples can be restored to single‐emission samples by short annealing or storage in air for 2 weeks, and this process is reversible. Luminescence response to mechanical stimuli can also be achieved in the presence of hydrochloric acid and water. Spectral analysis and the analysis of the microstructural changes revealed that the structural modifications of the inorganic group play a pivotal role in the response to the stimulus. Finally, a composite film device based on C9H15N3SbCl5 is prepared to demonstrate the potential of these smart materials in anti‐counterfeiting and sensing applications.
Giant Band Convergence and High Thermoelectric Performance in n‐Type PbSe Induced by Spin‐Orbit Coupling
Authors: Cai Jianfeng , Wang Ruoyu , Zhuang Shuai , Gao Feng , Zhang Manhong , Zhang Zongwei , Tan Xiaojian , Liu Guoqiang , Jiang Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn ideal thermoelectric material requires the multi‐valley and strong dispersion band structure, for relieving the competition between thermopower and electrical conductivity, whereas the two features barely coexist in natural compounds. Here, the significantly improved thermoelectric performance in n‐type PbSe‐xAgSbS2 with the purposefully renormalized conduction band structure is reported. It is shown that the strong spin‐orbit coupling effect splits the single valley at “L” point into three individuals delicately, as the Dirac point is shifted away from the high symmetry point by the decreasing lattice constant. Compared with the common PbSe‐based compounds, the renormalized system exhibits a range of distinctive properties, such as the 2–3 times larger band gap, 5–10 times lower optimal carrier concentration, and weakly temperature‐dependent Seebeck coefficient. Owing to the achieved giant band convergence and the low thermal conductivity, a high peak zT of 1.75 at 850 K and an outstanding average zT of 1.04 are obtained. Furthermore, the mechanical property and thermal stability of PbSe are considerably improved for the introduced high entropy effect and lattice shrinkage. This study reveals the remarkable impact of spin‐orbit coupling on thermoelectric performance, and suggests that the optimized PbSe material holds great promise for practical applications.
An Electrically Tunable Dual‐Mode Laser Based on Self‐Assembled Soft Photonic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Tsao Yu‐Chuan , Chen Hui‐Yu , Chen Yang‐Fang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSoft photonic liquid crystals with electrically responsive properties are among the most promising intelligent materials for optoelectronic applications. This work demonstrates an ultra‐fast electrically tunable dual‐mode laser by introducing dye‐doped chiral liquid crystals. Due to the strong chirality of the chiral liquid crystal, two self‐assembled structures form depending on the temperatures. One is the chiral nematic phase (N*) with a 1D helical structure; the other is the blue phases (BPs) with 3D cubic structures. By tuning the strength of an electric field, the dye‐doped chiral liquid crystals are operated in two different modes: a band‐edge laser and a random laser. In the band‐edge mode, due to the electrostriction effect of the BPs, the electric‐tuning range of the laser emission is from 537 to 645 nm, and the switching times are less than 20 ms. When the electric field goes beyond a threshold value to force the occurrence of the BPs‐chiral‐nematic transition, the band‐edge laser with elliptical polarization emission is switched to a random laser with an immediate unpolarization emission (0.9 ms). Furthermore, the reversibility of the effects mentioned above points out the potential applications of self‐assembled soft photonic materials, spanning from solid‐state lighting to bio‐imaging.
Inch‐Size Achiral Perovskite Single Crystals for Distinguishing Circularly Polarized Light with A Large Asymmetry Factor
Authors: Chen Yaoyao , Tang Liwei , Zeng Xi , Guo Wuqian , Yang Tian , Xu Haojie , Liu Yi , Gou Gaoyang , Zhao Yue , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCircularly polarized light (CPL) detection has sparked the booming interest for versatile chiral‐optoelectronic and spintronic devices. For practical device applications, a large asymmetry factor is required to distinguish the handedness of incent light. However, for most chiral CPL active candidates, the difference in optical density or absorption anisotropy is quite subtle under CPL illumination, resulting in a relatively low asymmetry factor (usually ≤ 0.2). Up to date, it remains extremely challenging to achieve CPL response in the achiral crystals. Inch‐size achiral perovskite‐type crystals of (IBA)2(EA)2Pb3I10 (IBA = 4‐isopropylbenzylammonium, EA = ethylammonium), which holds a promise to distinguish CPL with a large asymmetry factor up to ≈0.56 at 405 nm is presented here. This figure‐of‐merit is comparable or even superior than most of those chiral counterparts. Further First‐principles calculations disclose such CPL‐active behaviors of (IBA)2(EA)2Pb3I10 are associated with the splitting of its band spin‐degeneracy, induced by the breaking of inversion symmetry and spin‐orbital coupling (SOC) effects. As far as it is known, the structural origin of CPL‐activities of (IBA)2(EA)2Pb3I10 is completely distinctive from the conventional chiral family, which paves a promising pathway to explore new candidates toward high‐performance CPL detection.
Cyano‐Functionalized Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Adsorption and Photoreduction Isosite Achieving Efficient Uranium Extraction from Seawater
Authors: Hu Enmin , Chen Qian , Gao Qiong , Fan Xiaofeng , Luo Xingjian , Wei Yu , Wu Guang , Deng Haibo , Xu Shicheng , Wang Peng , Liu Liping , He Rong , Chen Xianjie , Zhu Wenkun , Zhu Yongfa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic uranium extraction from seawater is an ideal strategy to obtain uranium resources. Herein, the cyano‐functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4‐CN) with an isosite structure of adsorption and photoreduction for U(VI) is successfully prepared to achieve efficient photocatalytic uranium extraction from seawater. As the key of the isosite structure, the cyano group not only dramatically promotes the separation of photogenerated charges of g‐C3N4‐CN and enriched electrons around it, but also greatly improves the adsorption capacity and selectivity for U(VI) over g‐C3N4‐CN by complexing with U(VI). Therefore, g‐C3N4‐CN exhibits efficient and stable photocatalytic U(VI) reduction performance, with a saturated uranium extraction capacity of 2644.3 mg g−1, significantly higher than most reported g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts. Moreover, it also performs well in solar light‐driven uranium extraction from actual seawater. Briefly, this work illustrates the importance of constructing the isosite structure of adsorption and photoreduction for U(VI) in improving the photocatalytic uranium extraction performance.
Crystalline/Amorphous‐Ru/VOx Phase Engineering Expedites The Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Kinetics
Authors: Tao Zhenhua , Zhao Hongyu , Lv Ning , Luo Xu , Yu Jun , Tan Xin , Mu Shichun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractActive and durable catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are of great significance for developing renewable hydrogen energy. Herein, crystalline/amorphous‐Ru/VOx (c/a‐Ru/VOx) heterogeneous catalysts are conceived, in which the amorphous VOx exposes more active sites and enhances charge transport compared with the counterpart with a crystal phase structure, strengthening the electronic interaction between metal‐support. As expected, c/a‐Ru/VOx‐500 with heat treatment at 500 °C exhibits excellent HER performance under alkaline conditions, with an overpotential of only 33 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and small Tafel slope (27 mV dec−1), superior to commercial platinum/carbon (Pt/C) catalysts. Particularly, its mass activity (0.335 A mgRu−1) is 1.5 times greater than that of Pt/C (0.224 A mgPt−1) at an overpotential of 50 mV. Also, it shows good industrial application prospects through tests under high temperature, high alkalinity, and large current conditions. Theoretical calculations unveil that there exists a charge redistribution at c/a‐Ru/VOx heterointerfaces, which makes the surface of Ru takes on an electron‐deficient state, resulting in optimization of adsorption and desorption for different reaction intermediates. This optimized behavior effectively reduces the thermodynamic energy barrier, allowing the catalyst with greatly enhanced HER performance. The exploration provides a promising strategy for designing efficient and durable catalysts for HER.
A Low‐Cost Moderate‐Concentration Hybrid Electrolyte of Introducing CaCl2 and Ethylene Glycerol Enables Low‐Temperature and High‐Voltage Micro‐Supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Endian , Shi Xiaoyu , Wu Lu , Zhang Hongtao , Lin Hu , Liu Hanqing , Bai Tiesheng , Qin Jieqiong , Yu Yan , Wang Shaoxu , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh‐concentration electrolyte effectively improves the energy density and anti‐freezing property of aqueous micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs), endowing them the opportunity serving as power sources for miniaturized electronics. However, the excessive usage of salt significantly increases the cost of the electrolyte. Herein, a cost‐effective moderate‐concentration hybrid electrolyte is designed by introducing CaCl2 and ethylene glycerol (EG) additives for low‐temperature and high‐voltage MSCs. The results manifest that the introduction of CaCl2 minimizes the number of water molecules with strong hydrogen bonds while the addition of EG can reduce the amount of H2O molecules in the primary solvation shell sheath of Ca2+ ion and strengthen the hydrogen bonds between EG and water molecules, thus endowing the optimal electrolyte with a wide electrochemical stability window of 3.5 V and a freezing point lower than −120 °C. Furthermore, the resulting hybrid MSCs offer a high voltage of 1.6 V, and realize 62% capacitance retention at −40 °C compared to that at room temperature. Moreover, The MSCs can endure 20000 cycles with 98.5% capacitance retention at −40 °C. This work provides a meaningful guidance for designing low‐cost moderate‐concentration hybrid electrolyte with wide electrochemical stability window and anti‐freezing property for intrinsically safe and environmentally adaptable devices.
NCP/polymer Nano‐Hybrids for Effective cGAS‐STING Activation and Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Cao Xianghui , Zhao Yu , Zhang Zhanzhan , Huang Qingqing , Li Qiushi , Pan Zheng , Feng Nana , Wang Chun , Wu Xueyao , Liu Yang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe cGAS‐STING pathway represents a crucial DNA‐sensing mechanism that has shown promise as a target for overcoming immunoresistance in solid tumors. Mn2+ and Zn2+ play crucial roles in innate immune sensing of cytosolic dsDNA, ultimately resulting in the activation of cGAS‐STING pathway. Unfortunately, efficient delivery of these metal ions to target cells remains a challenge, limiting their effectiveness in activating the STING pathway. Herein, a novel strategy based on nanoscale coordination polymer (NCP)/polymer nano‐hybrids is presented, which enables effective co‐delivery of metal ions and chemotherapeutics to tumor tissues, thereby activating the cGAS‐STING pathway to induce strong anti‐tumor immune responses. In this strategy, NCPs are water‐insoluble under physiological conditions, enabling efficient loading of metal ions while minimizing leakage in the bloodstream. In addition, designing the ligands of the NCPs to respond to different biological signals can enable rapid dissociation and metal ions/drugs release specifically at tumor sites. With this strategy, metal ion‐drug combinations such as Mn2+/PTX and Zn2+/Fe3+/DOX are co‐delivered to tumor successfully, leading to the effective synergy between dsDNA generation by chemo‐drugs and cGAS sensitization by Mn2+ and Zn2+. This efficiently activates the cGAS‐STING pathway, thereby inducing the anti‐tumor immune response and effectively inhibiting tumor growth, recurrence, and metastasis.
Borate Anion‐Intercalated NiV‐LDH Nanoflakes/NiCoP Nanowires Heterostructures for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Selectivity in Seawater Splitting
Authors: Gao Tian‐Qi , Zhou Yu‐Qing , Zhao Xiao‐Jun , Liu Zhi‐Hong , Chen Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResourceful and inexpensive seawater direct splitting omits the desalination process and effectively increases the efficiency of hydrogen energy generation. However, the development of seawater splitting is hampered by the competing selectivity challenges from anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and chlorine evolution reaction and the issues of electrode corrosion. Herein, the borate anion‐intercalated NiV‐LDH nanoflakes/NiCoP nanowires heterostructures supported on Ni foam (2D/1D NiV‐BLDH/NiCoP/NF) is synthesized. Theoretical calculations show that a small amount of V atom doping in Ni(OH)2 is favorable for changing the electronic environment around Ni atoms via bridging Ni─O, which can construct Ni─O─V to accelerate electron transfer and promote catalytic activity. The borate anions (B(OH)4−) intercalation not only results in the good hydrophilicity and high OH− selectivity but also weakens the adsorption of chlorine (Cl−), which effectively restrains the chlorine evolution reaction. Thus, the component optimized NiV0.1‐BLDH/NiCoP/NF electrocatalyst only requires 268 mV overpotential to reach 100 mA cm−2 for OER in an alkaline environment. Particularly, the NiCoP/NF||NiV0.1‐BLDH/NiCoP/NF cell exhibits attractive overall water splitting performance with a low voltage of 1.46 and 1.53 V at 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline freshwater and alkaline seawater, respectively. The design strategy of this electrocatalyst provides a new avenue for seawater splitting.
Dynamic Behavior of Spatially Confined Sn Clusters and Its Application in Highly Efficient Sodium Storage with High Initial Coulombic Efficiency
Authors: Ma Haoqing , Yu Ruohan , Xu Wangwang , Zhang Lei , Chen Jinghui , Zhang Bomian , Li Jiantao , Xu Xu , An Qinyou , Xu Weina , Ma Lu , Agrawal Kumar Varoon , Zhao Kangning 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdvanced battery electrodes require a cautious design of microscale particles with built‐in nanoscale features to exploit the advantages of both micro‐ and nano‐particles relative to their performance attributes. Herein, the dynamic behavior of nanosized Sn clusters and their host pores in carbon nanofiber) during sodiation and desodiation is revealed using a state‐of‐the‐art 3D electron microscopic reconstruction technique. For the first time, the anomalous expansion of Sn clusters after desodiation is observed owing to the aggregation of clusters/single atoms. Pore connectivity is retained despite the anomalous expansion, suggesting inhibition of solid electrolyte interface formation in the sub‐2‐nm pores. Taking advantage of the built‐in nanoconfinement feature, the CNF film with nanometer‐sized interconnected pores hosting Sn clusters (≈2 nm) enables high utilization (95% at a high rate of 1 A g−1) of Sn active sites while maintaining an improved initial Coulombic efficiency of 87%. The findings provide insights into electrochemical reactions in a confined space and a guiding principle in electrode design for battery applications.
A Microphase‐Separated Design toward an All‐Round Ionic Hydrogel with Discriminable and Anti‐Disturbance Multisensory Functions
Authors: Liu Xue , Ji Xinyi , Zhu Rongjie , Gu Jianfeng , Liang Jiajie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStretchable ionic hydrogels with superior all‐round properties that can detect multimodal sensations with excellent discriminability and robustness against external disturbances are highly required for artificial electronic skinapplications. However, some critical material parameters exhibit intrinsic tradeoffs with each other for most ionic hydrogels. Here, a microphase‐separated hydrogel is demonstrated by combining three strategies: (1) using of a low crosslinker/monomer ratio to obtain highly entangled polymer chains as the first network; (2) the introduction of zwitterions into the first network; (3) the synthesis of an ultrasoft polyelectrolyte as the second network. This all‐round elastic ionic hydrogel exhibits a low Young's modulus (< 60 kPa), large stretchability (> 900%), high resilience (> 95%), unique strain‐stiffening behavior, excellent fatigue tolerance, high ionic conductivity (> 2.0 S m⁻1), and anti‐freezing capability, which have not been achieved before. These properties allow the ionic hydrogel to operate as a stretchable multimodal sensor that can detect and decouple multiple stimuli (temperature, pressure, and proximity) with excellent discriminability, high sensitivity, and strong sensing‐robustness against strains or temperature perturbations. The ionic hydrogel sensor exhibits great potential for intelligent electronic skin applications such as reliable health monitoring and accurate object identification.
Boosting the Performance of PEDOT:PSS Based Electronics Via Ionic Liquids
Authors: Li Yang , Pang Yuncong , Wang Liwei , Li Qiqi , Liu Baoguang , Li Jianmin , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Qiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe conducting polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) offers superior advantages in electronics due to its remarkable combination of high electrical conductivity, excellent biocompatibility, and mechanical flexibility, making it an ideal material among electronic skin, health monitoring, and energy harvesting and storage. Nevertheless, pristine PEDOT:PSS films exhibit limitations in terms of both low conductivity and stretchability; while, conventional processing techniques cannot enhance these properties simultaneously, facing the dilemma that highly conductive interconnected PEDOT:PSS domains are susceptible to tensile strain. Via modifying PEDOT:PSS with ionic liquids (ILs), not only a synergistic enhancement of the electrical and mechanical properties can be achieved but also the requirements for the printable bioelectronic are satisfied. In this comprehensive review, the task of providing a thorough examination of the mechanisms and applications of ILs as modifiers for PEDOT:PSS is undertaken. First, the theoretical mechanisms governing the interactions between ILs and PEDOT:PSS are discussed in detail. Then, the enhanced properties and the elucidation of the underlying mechanisms achieved through the incorporation of ILs are reviewed. Next, specific applications of ILs‐modified PEDOT:PSS relevant to bioelectronic devices are presented. Last, there is a concise summary and a discussion regarding the opportunities and challenges in this exciting field.
CO2 Enrichment Boosts Highly Selective Infrared‐Light‐Driven CO2 Conversion to CH4 by UiO‐66/Co9S8 Photocatalyst
Authors: Yang Siheng , Byun Woo Jin , Zhao Fangming , Chen Dingwen , Mao Jiawei , Zhang Wei , Peng Jing , Liu Chengyuan , Pan Yang , Hu Jun , Zhu Junfa , Zheng Xueli , Fu Haiyan , Yuan Maolin , Chen Hua , Li Ruixiang , Zhou Meng , Che Wei , Baek Jong‐Beom , Lee Jae Sung , Xu Jiaqi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic CO2 reduction to high‐value chemicals is an attractive approach to mitigate climate change, but it remains a great challenge to produce a specific product selectively by IR light. Hence, UiO‐66/Co9S8 composite is designed to couple the advantages of metallic photocatalysts and porous CO2 adsorbers for IR‐light‐driven CO2‐to‐CH4 conversion. The metallic nature of Co9S8 endows UiO‐66/Co9S8 with exceptional IR light absorption, while UiO‐66 dramatically enhances its local CO2 concentration, revealed by finite‐element method simulations. As a result, Co9S8 or UiO‐66 alone does not show observable IR‐light photocatalytic activity, whereas UiO‐66/Co9S8 exhibits exceptional activity. The CH4 evolution rate over UiO‐66/Co9S8 reaches 25.7 µmol g−1 h−1 with ca.100% selectivity under IR light irradiation, outperforming most reported catalysts under similar reaction conditions. The X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy spectra verify the presence of two distinct Co sites and confirm the existence of metallic Co─Co bond in Co9S8. Energy diagrams analysis and transient absorption spectra manifest that CO2 reduction mainly occurs on Co9S8 for UiO‐66/Co9S8, while density functional theory calculations demonstrate that high‐electron‐density Co1 sites are the key active sites, possessing lower energy barriers for further protonation of *CO, leading to the ultra‐high selectivity toward CH4.
Synaptic Properties and Short‐Term Memory Dynamics of TiO2/WOx Heterojunction Memristor for Reservoir Computing
Authors: So Hyojin , Lee Jungwoo , Mahata Chandreswar , Kim Sangwan , Kim Sungjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA hard breakdown phenomenon occurs in the TiN/WOX/Pt device owing to the metallic nature of the WOX layer deposited by pulsed direct current (DC) sputtering. In particular, analog resistive switching (RS) is achieved as the defect states of the naturally occurring TiON layer (oxygen vacancies region) between TiN and TiO2 fluctuate based on the polarity of the bias. Interestingly, the TiN/TiO2/WOX/Pt device displays gradual, bipolar, SET and RESET operations during DC voltage sweep cycling without requiring an electroforming process. Excellent linearity in potentiation and depression is demonstrated via identical pulse trains based on the analog RS behavior. Additionally, the neuromorphic system simulation achieved a pattern‐recognition accuracy of over 95% when conductance is employed as the weight in the neural network. Furthermore, essential synaptic functions, such as spike‐rate‐dependent plasticity (SRDP), spike‐number‐dependent plasticity (SNDP), the transition from short‐term plasticity to long‐term plasticity, “learning‐experience” behaviors, and paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), are demonstrated to emulate biological synapses for neuromorphic computing applications. Lastly, a reservoir computing system (RC) is implemented using the short‐term memory effect of the TiN/TiO2/WOX/Pt device. Specifically, it is deployed to differentiate all 16 (4‐bit) states using various pulse trains, and a simple algorithm is suggested to implement a low‐power consumption system.