bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association analyses of agronomic traits and Striga hermonthica resistance in pearl millet
Authors: Rouamba Armel , Shimelis Hussein , Drabo Inoussa , Mrema Emmanuel , Ojiewo Christopher Ochieng , Mwadzingeni Learnmore , Rathore Abhishek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) is a nutrient-dense, relatively drought-tolerant cereal crop cultivated in dry regions worldwide. The crop is under-researched, and its grain yield is low (< 0.8 tons ha−1) and stagnant in the major production regions, including Burkina Faso. The low productivity of pearl millet is mainly attributable to a lack of improved varieties, Striga hermonthica [Sh] infestation, downy mildew infection, and recurrent heat and drought stress. Developing high-yielding and Striga-resistant pearl millet varieties that satisfy the farmers’ and market needs requires the identification of yield-promoting genes linked to economic traits to facilitate marker-assisted selection and gene pyramiding. The objective of this study was to undertake genome-wide association analyses of agronomic traits and Sh resistance among 150 pearl millet genotypes to identify genetic markers for marker-assisted breeding and trait introgression. The pearl millet genotypes were phenotyped in Sh hotspot fields and screen house conditions. Twenty-nine million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) initially generated from 345 pearl millet genotypes were filtered, and 256 K SNPs were selected and used in the present study. Phenotypic data were collected on days to flowering, plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, panicle weight, thousand-grain weight, grain weight, number of emerged Striga and area under the Striga number progress curve (ASNPC). Agronomic and Sh parameters were subjected to combined analysis of variance, while genome-wide association analysis was performed on phenotypic and SNPs data. Significant differences (P < 0.001) were detected among the assessed pearl millet genotypes for Sh parameters and agronomic traits. Further, there were significant genotype by Sh interaction for the number of Sh and ASNPC. Twenty-eight SNPs were significantly associated with a low number of emerged Sh located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7. Four SNPs were associated with days-to-50%-flowering on chromosomes 3, 5, 6, and 7, while five were associated with panicle length on chromosomes 2, 3, and 4. Seven SNPs were linked to thousand-grain weight on chromosomes 2, 3, and 6. The putative SNP markers associated with a low number of emerged Sh and agronomic traits in the assessed genotypes are valuable genomic resources for accelerated breeding and variety deployment of pearl millet with Sh resistance and farmer- and market-preferred agronomic traits.
Detecting causal relationship of non-floodplain wetland hydrologic connectivity using convergent cross mapping
Authors: Lee Sangchul , Lee Byeongwon , Lee Junga , Song Jihoon , McCarty Gregory W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe hydrologic connectivity of non-floodplain wetlands (NFWs) with downstream water (DW) has gained increased importance, but connectivity via groundwater (GW) is largely unknown owing to the high complexity of hydrological processes and climatic seasonality. In this study, a causal inference method, convergent cross mapping (CCM), was applied to detect the hydrologic causality between upland NFW and DW through GW. CCM is a nonlinear inference method for detecting causal relationships among environmental variables with weak or moderate coupling in nonlinear dynamical systems. We assumed that causation would exist when the following conditions were observed: (1) the presence of two direct causal (NFW → GW and GW → DW) and one indirect causal (NFW → DW) relationship; (2) a nonexistent opposite causal relationship (DW → NFW); (3) the two direct causations with shorter lag times relative to indirect causation; and (4) similar patterns not observed with pseudo DW. The water levels monitored by a well and piezometer represented NFW and GW measurements, respectively, and the DW was indicated by the baseflow at the outlet of the drainage area, including NFW. To elucidate causality, the DW taken at the adjacent drainage area with similar climatic seasonality was also tested as pseudo DW. The CCM results showed that the water flow from NFW to GW and then DW was only present, and any opposite flows did not exist. In addition, direct causations had shorter lag time than indirect causation, and 3-day lag time was shown between NFW and DW. Interestingly, the results with pseudo DW did not show any lagged interactions, indicating non-causation. These results provide the signals for the hydrologic connectivity of NFW and DW with GW. Therefore, this study would support the importance of NFW protection and management.
Optimal view detection for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block using deep learning approaches
Authors: Jo Yumin , Lee Dongheon , Baek Donghyeon , Choi Bo Kyung , Aryal Nisan , Jung Jinsik , Shin Yong Sup , Hong Boohwi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSuccessful ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block (SCB) requires the understanding of sonoanatomy and identification of the optimal view. Segmentation using a convolutional neural network (CNN) is limited in clearly determining the optimal view. The present study describes the development of a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) system using a CNN that can determine the optimal view for complete SCB in real time. The aim of this study was the development of computer-aided diagnosis system that aid non-expert to determine the optimal view for complete supraclavicular block in real time. Ultrasound videos were retrospectively collected from 881 patients to develop the CADx system (600 to the training and validation set and 281 to the test set). The CADx system included classification and segmentation approaches, with Residual neural network (ResNet) and U-Net, respectively, applied as backbone networks. In the classification approach, an ablation study was performed to determine the optimal architecture and improve the performance of the model. In the segmentation approach, a cascade structure, in which U-Net is connected to ResNet, was implemented. The performance of the two approaches was evaluated based on a confusion matrix. Using the classification approach, ResNet34 and gated recurrent units with augmentation showed the highest performance, with average accuracy 0.901, precision 0.613, recall 0.757, f1-score 0.677 and AUROC 0.936. Using the segmentation approach, U-Net combined with ResNet34 and augmentation showed poorer performance than the classification approach. The CADx system described in this study showed high performance in determining the optimal view for SCB. This system could be expanded to include many anatomical regions and may have potential to aid clinicians in real-time settings.Trial registration The protocol was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of Korea (KCT0005822, https://cris.nih.go.kr).
Depressive states in healthy subjects lead to biased processing in frontal-parietal ERPs during emotional stimuli
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Yokoyama Mio , Okamoto Daiki , Nakatani Hironori , Yagi Tohru 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSubthreshold depressive (sD) states and major depression are considered to occur on a continuum, and there are only quantitative and not qualitative differences between depressive states in healthy individuals and patients with depression. sD is showing a progressively increasing prevalence and has a lifelong impact, and the social and clinical impacts of sD are no less than those of major depressive disorder (MDD). Because depression leads to biased cognition, patients with depression and healthy individuals show different visual processing properties. However, it remains unclear whether there are significant differences in visual information recognition among healthy individuals with various depressive states. In this study, we investigated the event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related spectrum perturbation (ERSP) of healthy individuals with various depressive states during the perception of emotional visual stimulation. We show that different neural activities can be detected even among healthy individuals. We divided healthy participants into high, middle, and low depressive state groups and found that participants in a high depressive state had a lower P300 amplitude and significant differences in fast and slow neural responses in the frontal and parietal lobes. We anticipate our study to provide useful parameters for assessing the evaluation of depressive states in healthy individuals.
Differences of clinical features and outcomes between male and female elderly patients in gastric cancer
Authors: Arakawa Hiroshi , Komatsu Shuhei , Kamiya Hajime , Nishibeppu Keiji , Ohashi Takuma , Konishi Hirotaka , Shiozaki Atsushi , Kubota Takeshi , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Otsuji Eigo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough the average life span differs between males and females, little is known about differences in clinical features and short and long-term outcomes between elderly male and female gastric cancer patients. This study was designed to clarify these issues to identify the possibility for sex-based treatment strategies in elderly gastric cancer patients. This study included 295 consecutive elderly gastric cancer patients (75 years or older) who underwent curative gastrectomy between 1997 and 2016. We defined postoperative complications as Clavien–Dindo classification grade II or higher. Comorbidities were present in 67% of all patients. Males tended to have more comorbidities than females (P = 0.077). Male patients had significantly more upper gastric cancers (P = 0.001), a higher incidence of postoperative complications (P = 0.045), and poorer prognoses than females (P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis revealed that being male was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications (Odds ratio 2.5, P = 0.045) and a poor prognostic factor (Hazard ratio 1.81, P = 0.008). Patients who underwent limited surgery without postoperative complications tended to have a better prognosis than patients receiving standard surgery with postoperative complications (3-year overall survival: 78% vs. 55%, P = 0.156). Male was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications and an independent poor prognostic factor in elderly gastric cancer patients. To avoid postoperative complications, the limited surgery might be justified for high-risk elderly male patients.
Dissociation of perception and motor execution of lower limb in multi-directional movements
Authors: Oku Kyosuke , Tanaka Shinsuke , Kida Noriyuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEstimating the action capability is vital for humans to move their bodies successfully. Researchers have proposed reachability as an overestimation of motor abilities by judging unreachable distances as reachable. The existing literature has mainly investigated the sagittal direction, but multi-directional reachability is unexplored. This study examined the relationship between perception and motor using the reaching of the lower limbs in multiple directions. We asked 16 adults to reach targets projected onto the floor at 21 locations (seven directions and three distances) to estimate the reaching time. We found that the reaching time slowed as the direction increased toward the contralateral side, but the subjective reaching time did not change with direction. Multiple regression analysis showed that the subjective reaching time could be calculated accurately, mainly using the duration from the toe leaving the ground to movement completion. These results suggest that changes in direction may not be perceived precisely by the motor system of the lower limbs and that the subjective reaching time was strongly affected by the time after the toe left the ground. Our findings provide novel insights into the relationship between motor and perception in multiple directions, which may provide a new strategy for the maximal performance of lower-limb movement.
Slack K+ channels limit kainic acid-induced seizure severity in mice by modulating neuronal excitability and firing
Authors: Skrabak David , Bischof Helmut , Pham Thomas , Ruth Peter , Ehinger Rebekka , Matt Lucas , Lukowski Robert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMutations of the Na+-activated K+ channel Slack (KCNT1) are associated with terrible epilepsy syndromes that already begin in infancy. Here we report increased severity of acute kainic acid-induced seizures in adult and juvenile Slack knockout mice (Slack−/−) in vivo. Fittingly, we find exacerbation of cell death following kainic acid exposure in organotypic hippocampal slices as well as dissociated hippocampal cultures from Slack−/− in vitro. Furthermore, in cultured Slack−/− neurons, kainic acid-triggered Ca2+ influx and K+ efflux as well as depolarization-induced tetrodotoxin-sensitive inward currents are higher compared to the respective controls. This apparent changes in ion homeostasis could possibly explain altered action potential kinetics of Slack−/− neurons: steeper rise slope, decreased threshold, and duration of afterhyperpolarization, which ultimately lead to higher action potential frequencies during kainic acid application or injection of depolarizing currents. Based on our data, we propose Slack as crucial gatekeeper of neuronal excitability to acutely limit seizure severity.
MUC1-C intersects chronic inflammation with epigenetic reprogramming by regulating the set1a compass complex in cancer progression
Authors: Bhattacharya Atrayee , Fushimi Atsushi , Wang Keyi , Yamashita Nami , Morimoto Yoshihiro , Ishikawa Satoshi , Daimon Tatsuaki , Liu Tao , Liu Song , Long Mark D. , Kufe Donald 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChronic inflammation promotes epigenetic reprogramming in cancer progression by pathways that remain unclear. The oncogenic MUC1-C protein is activated by the inflammatory NF-κB pathway in cancer cells. There is no known involvement of MUC1-C in regulation of the COMPASS family of H3K4 methyltransferases. We find that MUC1-C regulates (i) bulk H3K4 methylation levels, and (ii) the COMPASSSET1A/SETD1AandWDR5genes by an NF-κB-mediated mechanism. The importance of MUC1-C in regulating the SET1A COMPASS complex is supported by the demonstration that MUC1-C and WDR5 drive expression of FOS, ATF3 and other AP-1 family members. In a feedforward loop, MUC1-C, WDR5 and AP-1 contribute to activation of genes encoding TRAF1, RELB and other effectors in the chronic NF-κB inflammatory response. We also show that MUC1-C, NF-κB, WDR5 and AP-1 are necessary for expression of the (i) KLF4 master regulator of the pluripotency network and (ii) NOTCH1 effector of stemness. In this way, MUC1-C/NF-κB complexes recruit SET1A/WDR5 and AP-1 to enhancer-like signatures in theKLF4andNOTCH1genes with increases in H3K4me3 levels, chromatin accessibility and transcription. These findings indicate that MUC1-C regulates the SET1A COMPASS complex and the induction of genes that integrate NF-κB-mediated chronic inflammation with cancer progression.
High-fructose corn syrup aggravates colitis via microbiota dysbiosis-mediated Th17/Treg imbalance
Authors: Zhou Mingxia , Liu Xiaoman , He Jing , Xu Xinyu , Ju Chenxi , Luo Shangjian , Lu Xiajuan , Du Peng , Chen Yingwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Dietary fructose is widely used in beverages, processed foods, and Western diets as food additives, and is closely related to the increased prevalence of multiple diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the detailed mechanism by which high fructose disrupts intestinal homeostasis remains elusive. The present study showed that high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) administration exacerbated intestinal inflammation and deteriorated barrier integrity. Several in vivo experimental models were utilized to verify the importance of gut microbiota and immune cells in HFCS-mediated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. In addition, untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed the imbalance between primary bile acids (PBAs) and secondary bile acids (SBAs) in feces. Hence, high fructose was speculated to modulate gut microbiota community and reduced the relative abundance of Clostridium and Clostridium scindens at genus and species level respectively, followed by a decrease in SBAs, especially isoalloLCA, thereby affecting Th17/Treg cells equilibrium and promoting intestinal inflammation. These findings provide novel insights into the crosstalk between gut flora, bile acids, and mucosal immunity, and highlight potential strategies for precise treatment of IBD.
On information theoretical modelling of the communications between neurons and the corresponding information rate
Authors: Kalatiani Sedighe , Hodtani Ghosheh Abed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn a nervous system propagation of spikes among neurons can be interpreted as an information transmission process, where, a neural response carries information about the stimulus. Quantification of this information might be of theoretical and practical importance. In this paper, (i) The interaction between two neurons with an electrically coupled transport of ions is modelled mathematically, where the communication through the junction gap between very close neurons occurs with a specific time delay; (ii) then, the connection structure of neurons is proposed based on a particular Rulkov network model. The corresponding process is modelled as a non‐linear binary channel with memory; and (iii) by assuming a recurrence relation for number of available membrane potential changing due to the arrival of the spike to the axonal terminal, the mutual information between channel input and output is obtained and the input range maximizing mutual information, and hence, the information rate of channel is derived.
Influence of system inertia time constant on transient stability level of AC power grid
Authors: Tian Mingxing , Ren Zhiqiang , Xing Dongfeng , Jiang Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPower system inertia is receiving increasing attention because the inclusion of renewable energy generation equipment weakens the inertia of the regional equivalent system and affects the transient stability of the system. In this paper, the influence of variation of inertia constant on the transient stability of the system is studied analytically by adding short‐circuit faults, Equal Area Criterion, and derivation of equations. On the basis of theoretical analysis, multi‐machine system is established to simulate and verify the correctness of the analysis results.
New red giants in NGC 6791 and NGC 6819 using Kepler superstamps
Authors: Covelo-Paz A. , Themeßl N. , Espinoza-Rojas F. , Hekker S. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Stars that are members of stellar clusters are assumed to be formed at the same time and place from material with the same initial chemical composition. These additional constraints on the ensemble of cluster stars make these stars suitable as benchmarks.
Aims. We aimed (1) to identify previously unknown red giants in the open clusters NGC 6791 and NGC 6819, (2) to extract their asteroseismic parameters, and (3) to determine their cluster membership.
Methods. We followed a dedicated method based on difference imaging to extract the light curves of potential red giants in NGC 6791 and NGC 6819 from Kepler superstamp data. We extracted the asteroseismic parameters of the stars that showed solar-like oscillations. We performed an asteroseismic membership study to identify which of these stars are likely to be cluster members.
Results. We found 149 red giant stars within the Kepler superstamps, 93 of which are likely cluster members. We were able to find 29 red giants that are not primary targets of Kepler, and therefore, their light curves had not been released previously. Five of these previously unknown red giants have a cluster membership probability greater than 95%.
Sandwich-structured BOPET films with high energy density and low loss for high temperature film capacitors
Authors: Zheng Ming-Sheng , Wang Xinmo , Wan Baoquan , Xiao Mengyu , Cheng Meng , Zhang Yiyi , Zha Jun-Wei 
Published: October 2023

Film capacitors have widely been used in modern electrical/electronic equipment because of their high insulation property and high-power density. However, the traditional dielectric films suffered a high conduction loss under high temperature and electric field conditions, which leads to the depression of high temperature energy storage properties. Herein, sandwich-structured composite films using biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BOPET) as the outer layers were prepared to construct the interfacial barrier, which was beneficial for hindering the propagation of breakdown path. In addition, epoxy resin was applied as the adhesive inner layer to bind the outer layers up tightly, while the boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) in the inner layer further improved the breakdown strength of the film and inhibited the conduction loss, especially under high temperature and electric field conditions. The composite film with optimized BNNSs content had a high discharged energy density of 9.11 J/cm3 and a ultrahigh charge–discharge efficiency of 95% at 25 °C, while the values were 6.45 J/cm3 and 70% at 150 °C, respectively, of which both were much higher than those of pure BOPET. Thus, the sandwich-structure method points out a promising way of preparing dielectric films with excellent energy storage performances.
Systematic revision of the Ogyris idmo (Hewitson, 1862) species group (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): implications for the conservation management of Australia’s most threatened butterflies
Authors: Beaver Ethan P. , Braby Michael F. , Glatz Richard V. , Young D. Andy 
Published: October 2023

Lycaenid butterflies of the Ogyris idmo species group are endemic to Australia and obligatorily associated with Camponotus ants. Several species are threatened with extinction, but there are considerable uncertainties with the present classification. Here, the taxonomy of the species group is revised based on molecular and morphological data. Mitochondrial sequence data were obtained from GenBank for Ogyris Angas, 1847, from cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (cytb) (total of 1203 bp), and a phylogeny of the genus was reconstructed using Maximum Likelihood methods. Based on these molecular data, adult morphology and other evidence, the following eight taxa are recognised in this species group: Ogyris otanes (C. & R. Felder, 1865), Ogyris arcana M.R. Williams & Hay, 2001 stat. rev., Ogyris arcana arcana M.R. Williams & Hay, 2001 comb. nov., Ogyris arcana sublustris M.R. Williams & Hay, 2001 comb. nov., Ogyris halmaturia (Tepper, 1890), Ogyris halmaturia halmaturia (Tepper, 1890), Ogyris halmaturia waterhouseri (Bethune-Baker, 1905) stat. rev., Ogyris idmo (Hewitson, 1862), Ogyris subterrestris Field, 1999 and Ogyris petrina Field, 1999 stat. rev. The female of Ogyris halmaturia halmaturia is described for the first time. Phylogenetic relationships among the six species are as follows: (O. otanes + O. arcana) + (O. halmaturia + (O. idmo + (O. subterrestris + O. petrina))). The life history switch from phytophagy (O. otanes and O. arcana) to entomophagy (suspected myrmecophagy) within this species group has led to diversification of four species, a most unusual evolutionary pattern within the Lycaenidae globally. The taxonomic changes proposed herein affect some of the most threatened Australian butterflies and their conservation status is discussed. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B9A6F558-DD47-47DF-AC9C-A71270B6EE09