bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polymorphic Self‐Assembly with Procedural Flexibility for Monodisperse Quaternary Protein Structures of DegQ Enzymes
Authors: Jeon Hanul , Han Ah‐reum , Oh Sangmin , Park Jin‐Gyeong , Namkoong Myeong , Bang Kyeong‐Mi , Kim Ho Min , Kim Nak‐Kyoon , Hwang Kwang Yeon , Hur Kahyun , Lee Bong‐Jin , Heo Jeongyun , Kim Sehoon , Song Hyun Kyu , Cho Hyesung , Lee In‐Gyun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs large molecular tertiary structures, some proteins can act as small robots that find, bind, and chaperone target protein clients, showing the potential to serve as smart building blocks in self‐assembly fields. Instead of using such intrinsic functions, most self‐assembly methodologies for proteins aim for de novo‐designed structures with accurate geometric assemblies, which can limit procedural flexibility. Here, a strategy enabling polymorphic clustering of quaternary proteins, exhibiting simplicity and flexibility of self‐assembling paths for proteins in forming monodisperse quaternary cage particles is presented. It is proposed that the enzyme protomer DegQ, previously solved at low resolution, may potentially be usable as a threefold symmetric building block, which can form polyhedral cages incorporated by the chaperone action of DegQ in the presence of protein clients. To obtain highly monodisperse cage particles, soft, and hence, less resistive client proteins, which can program the inherent chaperone activity of DegQ to efficient formations of polymorphic cages, depending on the size of clients are utilized. By reconstructing the atomic resolution cryogenic electron microscopy DegQ structures using obtained 12‐ and 24‐meric clusters, the polymorphic clustering of DegQ enzymes is validated in terms of soft and rigid domains, which will provide effective routes for protein self‐assemblies with procedural flexibility.
Seamless Integration of Rapid Separation and Ultrasensitive Detection for Complex Biological Samples Using Multistage Annular Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Arrays
Authors: Li Lihuang , Zhang Jialing , Jiao Zhengqi , Zhou Xi , Ren Lei , Wang Miao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEfficient separation, enrichment, and detection of bacteria in diverse media are pivotal for identifying bacterial diseases and their transmission pathways. However, conventional bacterial detection methods that split the separation and detection steps are plagued by prolonged processing times. Herein, a multistage annular functionalized carbon nanotube array device designed for the seamless integration of complex biological sample separation and multimarker detection is introduced. This device resorts to the supersmooth fluidity of the liquid sample in the carbon nanotubes interstice through rotation assistance, achieving the ability to quickly separate impurities and capture biomarkers (1 mL sample cost time of 2.5 s). Fluid dynamics simulations show that the reduction of near‐surface hydrodynamic resistance drives the capture of bacteria and related biomarkers on the functionalized surface of carbon nanotube in sufficient time. When further assembled as an even detection device, it exhibited fast detection (<30 min), robust linear correlation (101–107 colony‐forming units [CFU] mL−1, R2 = 0.997), ultrasensitivity (limit of detection = 1.7 CFU mL−1), and multitarget detection (Staphylococcus aureus, extracellular vesicles, and enterotoxin proteins). Collectively, the material and system offer an expanded platform for real‐time diagnostics, enabling integrated rapid separation and detection of various disease biomarkers.
Metasurface for Engineering Superimposed Ince‐Gaussian Beams
Authors: Ahmed Hammad , Ansari Muhammad Afnan , Paterson Lynn , Li Jia , Chen Xianzhong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInce‐Gaussian beams (IGBs) are the third complete family of exact and orthogonal solutions of the paraxial wave equation and have been applied in many fields ranging from particle trapping to quantum optics. IGBs play a very important role in optics as they represent the exact and continuous transition modes connecting Laguerre–Gaussian and Hermite–Gaussian beams. The method currently in use suffers from the high cost, complexity, and large volume of the optical system. The superposition of IGBs can generate complicated structured beams with multiple phase and polarization singularities. A metasurface approach is proposed to realizing various superpositions of IGBs without relying on a complicated optical setup. By superimposing IGBs with even and odd modes, multiple phase, and polarization singularities are observed in the resultant beams. The phase and polarization singularities are modulated by setting the initial phase in the design and controlling the incident linear polarization. The compactness of the developed metasurface devices and the unique properties of the generated beams have the potential to impact many practical applications such as particle manipulation, orbital angular momentum spectrum manipulation, and optical communications.
Graphite from Dead Li‐Ion Batteries: A “Powerful” Additive for Fabrication of High‐Performance Li‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Jyothilakshmi Shaji , Meshram Pratima , Abhilash  , Lee Yun‐Sung , Aravindan Vanchiappan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLithium‐ion capacitors (LICs) are considered a promising next‐generation energy storage system with high energy density and power capability. The conductive additive is a passive and indispensable material in deciding the electrochemical performance of an energy storage device during high current charging and discharging processes. The incorporation of a suitable conductive additive into the layers of an electrode improves electronic conductivity. It reduces the internal resistance and polarization of the electrode resulting in the enhanced performance of the charge‐storage system. Herein, recovered graphite (RG) is reported from dead Li‐ion batteries as an excellent conductive additive that can improve the electronic conductivity of the electrode material. Compared with commercial conductive additive acetylene black (AB), the TiO2 anode material with 5% RG delivered a high discharge capacity of 163 mAh g−1 at a current rate of 0.15 A g−1 with a coulombic efficiency of ≈99% after 500 cycles in half‐cell assembly. The fabricated AC/TiO2@5%RG LIC displays an excellent electrochemical performance with a maximum energy density of ≈50 Wh kg−1 at a current density of 0.15 A g−1. Notably, the LIC rendered promising performance at different temperature conditions (0, 10, 25, and 50 °C).
A Self‐Powered Multiphase Flow Detection Through Triboelectric Nanogenerator‐Based Displacement Current
Authors: Ma Wenlong , Wang Peng , Zhang Baofeng , Li Xinyuna , Gao Yikui , Zhao Zhihao , Liu Di , Li Chengguo , Wang Jie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccurate measurement of complicated multiphase flow is crucial to the safety and efficiency of petroleum and chemical industrial facilities. However, the existing multiphase flow detection techniques are not applicable to pipelines in remote regions including deserts or deep seas, due to the high cost of providing a stable power supply. Herein, a self‐powered multiphase flow sensor, composed of a liquid‐driven triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) ‐based signal generator, a ring‐type transmitter, and a string‐type receiver, is proposed. Theoretical modeling of displacement current between transmitter and receiver implies that the received current signal can accurately reflect the wetting state of the receiver, validated by a combined experimental (accuracy above 97%) and simulation study. Coupling with a quantitative analysis algorithm, a multiphase flow detection system with numerous receiver measurement points is developed to precisely monitor various flow parameters, including slug frequency (one point), slug length (two points), and flow pattern (four points), which is verified by spontaneous high‐speed camera recordings of water–air flow. The present work provides a paradigm‐shift way to develop a self‐powered, inexpensive, and accurate technique to detect multiphase flow at remote industrial facilities.
A mixed methods comparison of adolescents' and researchers' observations of neighborhood characteristics in Latinx neighborhoods
Authors: Pasco Michelle C. , White Rebecca M. B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe used a convergent mixed methods research design to compare and contrast researchers' neighborhood environmental assessments collected using systematic social observations with adolescents' neighborhood environmental assessments collected by semi‐structured interviews with US Mexican adolescents. Using qualitative methods, we found that adolescents sometimes observed the same neighborhood environmental features as researchers. They also sometimes observed different environmental features altogether; in both cases they sometimes layered on additional meaning making. Using mixed methods, we found that there was a high degree of overlap between researchers and adolescents in terms of agreement on the presence of neighborhood environmental features, including physical disorder, physical decay, street safety, and sociocultural symbols. Adolescents expanded upon these neighborhood environmental features with references to positive and negative affect and neighborhood environmental resources. This work highlights the shared and unique aspects of researcher versus adolescent observations and how both data sources are critical to understanding Latinx neighborhood environments.
Intimate partner violence, depression, and chronic low‐grade inflammation among middle‐aged women in Cebu, Philippines
Authors: Aronoff Jacob E. , Koning Stephanie M. , Adair Linda S. , Lee Nanette R. , Carba Delia B. , Kuzawa Christopher W. , McDade Thomas W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesRecent discussions in human biology have highlighted how local ecological contexts shape the relationship between social stressors and health across populations. Chronic low‐grade inflammation has been proposed as a pathway linking social stressors to health, with evidence concentrated in high‐income Western contexts. However, it remains unclear whether this is an important pathway in populations where prevalence is lower due to lower adiposity and greater infectious exposures. To investigate this further, we tested associations between multiple types of intimate partner violence (IPV), a highly prevalent stressor and health crisis globally, and C‐reactive protein (CRP), a commonly used measure of chronic low‐grade inflammation, in Cebu, Philippines. For reference, we compared results for CRP to depression, a well‐established and consistently observed health outcome of IPV.MethodsData came from 1601 currently partnered women (ages 35–69 years) as part of the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. IPV exposures included physical, emotional, and controlling behavior. Depression scores were measured using a modified version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies‐Depression Scale for this population, whereas plasma CRP was measured from overnight‐fasted morning blood samples.ResultsAll three types of IPV were associated with a higher depression score. However, none of the IPV measures were associated with CRP. In a post hoc interaction test, emotional IPV became positively associated with CRP as waist circumference increased above the mean.ConclusionsOur results suggest a complex relationship between social stressors and chronic low‐grade inflammation, which is likely dependent on the population‐specific context of lifestyle and environmental factors.
Monodactyly in a patient with CHARGE syndrome: An additional case report
Authors: Serigatto Henrique Regonaschi , Zechi‐Ceide Roseli Maria , Parizotto Isabella , Kokitsu‐Nakata Nancy Mizue 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCHARGE syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by multiple congenital anomalies including coloboma, heart defects, ear anomalies, and developmental delay, caused by pathogenic variants in the CHD7 gene. The discovery of the molecular basis of this syndrome increased the number of cases reported and expanded the phenotype and clinical variability. Limb anomalies are occasional clinical findings in this syndrome, present in about 30% of reported cases. The occurrence of limb anomalies in this syndrome suggests that it should be considered as part of the phenotypic spectrum. Here, we describe an individual with CHARGE syndrome presenting unilateral monodactyly.
A Smart DNA Hydrogel Enables Synergistic Immunotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy of Melanoma
Authors: Yang Sen , Wu Junlin , Wang Zhongyu , Cheng Yu , Zhang Rui , Yao Chi , Yang Dayong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImmunotherapy faces insufficient immune activation and limited immune effectiveness. Herein, we report a smart DNA hydrogel that enables the release of multivalent functional units at the tumor site to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. The smart DNA hydrogel was assembled from two types of ultra‐long DNA chains synthesized via rolling circle amplification. One DNA chain contained immune adjuvant CpG oligonucleotides and polyaptamers for loading natural killer cell‐derived exosomes; the other chain contained multivalent G‐quadruplex for loading photodynamic agents. DNA chains formed DNA hydrogel through base‐pairing. HhaI restriction endonuclease sites were designed between functional units. Upon stimuli in the tumor sites, the hydrogel was effectively cleaved by the released HhaI and disassembled into functional units. Natural killer cell‐derived exosomes played an anti‐tumor role, and the CpG oligonucleotide activated antigen‐presenting cells to enhance the immunotherapy. Besides the tumor‐killing effect of photodynamic therapy, the generated cellular debris acted as an immune antigen to further enhance the immunotherapeutic effect. In a mouse melanoma orthotopic model, the smart DNA hydrogel as a localized therapeutic agent, achieved a remarkable tumor suppression rate of 91.2 %. The smart DNA hydrogel exhibited enhanced efficacy of synergistic immunotherapy and photodynamic therapy, expanding the application of DNA materials in biomedicine.
Simple Functionalization of a Donor Monomer to Enhance Charge Transfer in Porous Polymer Networks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Kim Jiwon , Jeon Jong‐Pil , Kim Young Hyun , Anh Nguyen Thi Dieu , Chung Kunook , Seo Jeong‐Min , Baek Jong‐Beom 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPorous polymer networks (PPNs) are promising candidates as photocatalysts for hydrogen production. Constructing a donor‐acceptor structure is known to be an effective approach for improving photocatalytic activity. However, the process of how a functional group of a monomer can ensure photoexcited charges transfer and improve the hydrogen evolution rate (HER) has not yet been studied on the molecular level. Herein, we design and synthesize two kinds of triazatruxene (TAT)‐based PPNs: TATR‐PPN with a hexyl (R) group and TAT‐PPN without the hexyl group, to understand the relationship between the presence of the functional group and charge transfer. The hexyl group on the TAT unit was found to ensure the transfer of photoexcited electrons from a donor unit to an acceptor unit and endowed the TATR‐PPN with stable hydrogen production.
Anatomical knowledge enhancement through echocardiography and videos, with a spotlight on cognitive load, self‐efficacy, and motivation
Authors: Vandenbossche Vicky , Valcke Martin , Audenaert Emmanuel , Willaert Wouter 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of integrating ultrasound into undergraduate medical curricula. However, empirical evidence is lacking as to its effect on anatomy learning and related student cognition. Therefore, the present study compared the impact of echocardiography‐based instruction with narrated videos on students' understanding of anatomical relationships, as well as the interaction with students' autonomous motivation, self‐efficacy beliefs, mental load, and attitudes. Second‐year medical students were given the opportunity to enroll in a supplementary booster course about cardiac anatomy. On the base of a randomized controlled trial with a cross‐over design, we studied the effect of taking this course on spatial anatomical knowledge. After completing a pre‐test (T0), students were allocated randomly to either the echocardiography‐based teaching condition (cohort A) or the narrated anatomy video condition (cohort B). Next, participants were crossed over to the alternative intervention. Immediately after each phase in the intervention, students were asked to rate their mental load. Additionally, a spatial anatomical knowledge test, an autonomous motivation scale, and a self‐efficacy scale were administered before (T0) and after the first intervention (T1) and at the end of the study (T2). Finally, each student completed a perception‐based survey. The study design allowed a comparative evaluation of both interventions at T1, while the cross‐over design facilitated the assessment of the most optimal sequencing in the interventions at T2. A total of 206 students participated (cohort A: n = 99, cohort B: n = 107). At T1, no significant differences in the knowledge test and the autonomous motivation scale were observed between cohorts A and B. However, cohort A showed higher self‐efficacy beliefs compared to cohort B (p = 0.043). Moreover, cohort A reported higher levels of perceived mental load (p < 0.001). At T2, the results showed that neither sequence of interventions resulted in significant differences in anatomy scores, autonomous motivation, or self‐efficacy. However, a significant difference in mental load was found again, with students in cohort B reporting a higher level of mental load (p < 0.001). Finally, based on the perception‐based survey, students reported favorably on the echocardiography experience. In conclusion, the hands‐on echocardiography sessions were highly appreciated by the medical students. After participating in the ultrasound sessions, they reported higher levels of self‐efficacy beliefs compared to the video‐based condition. However, despite embodied cognition principles, students in the echocardiography condition did not outperform students in the narrated anatomy video condition. The reported levels of mental load in the ultrasound condition could explain these findings.
Adaptive control of discrete‐time linear periodic systems
Authors: Lv Lingling , Chen Renyi , Liu Xinyang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA periodic adaptive mechanism is proposed for a class of discrete‐time linear periodic systems with parametric uncertainties in this paper. Based on the periodic system model, the adaptive mechanism uses the weight function to update the controller parameters in real time, which reduces the influence of system parameter uncertainty on the controller performance and makes the system parameters converge to the ideal values. Finally, numerical examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the adaptive mechanism in improving control performance and reference tracking performance.
On a best response problem arising in mean field stochastic growth games with common noise
Authors: Zhou Mengjie , Huang Minyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes the best response control problem arising in mean field stochastic growth. We consider mean field games in the setting of stochastic growth where each player's capital stock is described by Cobb–Douglas production dynamics subject to stochastic depreciation and common noise. Each individual's utility functional consists of one's own utility and relative utility. Due to random mean field dynamics, the analysis of the best response relies on a stochastic Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (SHJB) equation, which in turn derives a special nonlinear backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE). We analyze the BSDE and use it to determine the solution equation system of the mean field game. Further, we extend the analysis to an AK model for the growth dynamics.
Are non‐protein coding RNAs junk or treasure?
Authors: Walter Nils G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe human genome project's lasting legacies are the emerging insights into human physiology and disease, and the ascendance of biology as the dominant science of the 21st century. Sequencing revealed that >90% of the human genome is not coding for proteins, as originally thought, but rather is overwhelmingly transcribed into non‐protein coding, or non‐coding, RNAs (ncRNAs). This discovery initially led to the hypothesis that most genomic DNA is “junk”, a term still championed by some geneticists and evolutionary biologists. In contrast, molecular biologists and biochemists studying the vast number of transcripts produced from most of this genome “junk” often surmise that these ncRNAs have biological significance. What gives? This essay contrasts the two opposing, extant viewpoints, aiming to explain their bases, which arise from distinct reference frames of the underlying scientific disciplines. Finally, it aims to reconcile these divergent mindsets in hopes of stimulating synergy between scientific fields.
On the transmission channels driving climate change‐income inequality nexus in sub‐Saharan African countries
Authors: Issoufou‐Ahmed Ousseini , Sebri Maamar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractClimate change stands at the forefront of the worldwide agenda. Although its consequences are harmful to all humanity, some regions across the world remain more vulnerable than others. Sub‐Saharan Africa is one of the most suffering regions. In this paper, we investigate the climate change‐income inequality nexus in a panel of sub‐Saharan countries over the period 1990–2019. A greater emphasis is put on the potential transmission channels that drive this relationship. By using the recently developed method of moments quantile regression, we find that income inequality is exacerbated by the vulnerability to climate change. This relationship is still robust across all the quantiles with a greater effect at the highest quantile. The empirical findings reveal also the moderating role of agriculture, education, and gender through which the effect of climate change on income inequality is channeled. In light of the outcomes, the sub‐Saharan African region still needs appropriate combined mitigation and adaptation measures to efficiently combat the adverse effects of climate change.