bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone mass after treatment of malignant lymphoma in childhood
Authors: Nysom Karsten , Holm Kirsten , Michaelsen Kim Fleischer , Hertz Henrik , Müller Jørn , Mølgaard Christian 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundSex hormone deficiency, growth hormone deficiency, skeletal irradiation, and treatment with corticosteroids or methotrexate may all cause reduction in bone mass after treatment for childhood malignant lymphoma. Previous studies of the bone mass of childhood cancer survivors often lacked adequate local reference data, and survivors of malignant lymphoma were never analyzed separately.ProcedureThe bone mass of survivors of childhood Hodgkin disease (n = 23) or non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 21) was measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry a median of 11 years after diagnosis (range 2–25). Results were compared with local data on 463 healthy controls.ResultsAdjusted for gender and age, the mean whole‐body bone mineral content and bone mineral areal density were slightly, but significantly, reduced (0.5 and 0.4 SD lower than predicted). The reduced bone mineral content was associated with a significantly reduced height, whereas the size‐adjusted bone mass (bone mineral content for bone area) did not differ significantly from that of controls. Lower height was related to male gender and to cranial, thoracic, and lumbar spine irradiation. Whole‐body bone mineral content and bone mineral density were lower in persons treated with lumbar spine irradiation and whole‐body bone mineral content was higher in nine women receiving sex hormone replacement therapy or oral contraceptives. Whole‐body bone mass was not related to the cumulated doses of corticosteroids or methotrexate.ConclusionsEleven years after diagnosis of childhood Hodgkin disease or non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, the whole‐body bone mass of survivors was only slightly reduced and the size‐adjusted bone mass was normal. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001;37:518–524. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new approach to automated first‐order multiplet analysis
Authors: Golotvin Sergey , Vodopianov Eugene , Williams Antony 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe dependence of the values of NMR spin–spin coupling constants on molecular conformation can be a valuable tool in the structure determination process. The continuing increase in the resonance frequency of modern NMR spectrometers allows an increasing number of resonances to be examined using first‐order multiplet analysis. While this can easily be done for the simplest patterns (doublets, triplets, quartets), more complex patterns can be extremely difficult to analyze. The task of deducing the coupling constant values from a multiplet is the reverse process of generating a conventional splitting tree from a single line (chemical shift) by sequential branching using a given set of coupling constants. We present a simple, straightforward method of deducing coupling constant values from first‐order multiplets based on a general inverted splitting tree algorithm but also including a peak intensity normalization procedure that utilizes multiplet symmetry and generates a set of possible first‐order intensity distribution patterns. When combined with an inverted splitting tree algorithm, it is possible to find an intensity pattern that allows the deduction of a proper set of coupling constants. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete assignment of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of some N‐benzyl‐(piperidin or pyrrolidin)‐purines
Authors: Rodríguez‐Franco María Isabel , Fernández‐Bachiller María Isabel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe 1H and 13C shifts of six N‐benzyl‐(piperidin or pyrrolidin)‐purines were fully assigned by a combination of HSQC and HMBC experiments. The 1H,1H coupling constants were also determined. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NMR analysis of the trisaccharide 2′‐fucosyllactose by heteronuclear trans‐glycosidic coupling constants and molecular simulations
Authors: Rundlöf Torgny , Widmalm Göran 
Published: August 2002

Abstract1H, 13C NMR coupling constants across the glycosidic linkages were measured for the trisaccharide α‐L‐Fucp‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→4)‐D‐Glcp from human milk and its reduced analogue α‐L‐Fucp‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→4)‐D‐Glucitol employing one‐dimensional multiple‐site 13C excitation experiments. Hadamard spectroscopy and pulsed field gradients were also used with or without band‐selective 1H decoupling during the acquisition period. The experimental scalar coupling constants were compared to those calculated from Langevin dynamics simulations employing different molecular mechanics force fields. An analysis of 3J(C,H) values determined with this NMR technique on di‐ and trisaccharides is also performed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification and structure determination of four triterpene saponins from some Middle‐East plants
Authors: Soliman Hesham S. M. , Simon András , Tóth Gábor , Duddeck Helmut 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFour triterpene saponins were isolated from Arenaria filicaulis Boiss., Phytolacca dioica L. and Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. Their structures and conformational behaviour were investigated by one‐ and two‐dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Complete 1H and 13C assignments were achieved. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of paramagnetic lanthanide(III) concentrations from bulk magnetic susceptibility shifts in NMR spectra
Authors: Corsi Daniele M. , Platas‐Iglesias Carlos , Bekkum Herman van , Peters Joop A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe bulk magnetic susceptibility (BMS) shifts of 1H NMR resonance signals for inert reference compounds caused by the addition of paramagnetic lanthanide(III) compounds were exploited in order to determine lanthanide(III) concentrations in solution. The BMS shifts of an inert reference compound in the samples were measured by comparing the chemical shifts with those of an external reference. The concentration values obtained were in good agreement with results acquired from inductively coupled plasma analysis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nucleolar protein allocation and ultrastructure in bovine embryos produced by nuclear transfer from granulosa cells
Authors: Laurincik J. , Zakhartchenko V. , Stojkovic M. , Brem G. , Wolf E. , Müller M. , Ochs R.L. , Maddox‐Hyttel P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn the present study immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy, autoradiography following 3H‐uridine incubation and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate the nucleolar protein localization, transcriptional activity, and nucleolar ultrastructure during genomic re‐programming in bovine embryos reconstructed by nuclear transfer from granulosa cells into non‐activated cytoplasts followed by activation. During the 1st cell cycle (1‐cell embryos), no autoradiographic labelling was detected. Ultrastructurally, nucleoli devoid of a granular component were observed. During the 2nd cell cycle (2‐cell embryos) autoradiographic labelling was also lacking and the embryos displayed varying degrees of nucleolar inactivation. During both the 3rd (4‐cell embryos) and 4th (tentative 8‐cell embryos), cell cycles autoradiographic labelling was lacking in some embryos, while others displayed labelling and associated formation of fibrillo–granular nucleoli. During the 5th cell cycle (tentative 16‐cell embryos), all embryos displayed autoradiographic labelling and fibrillo–granular nucleoli. In some blastomeres, however, deviant nucleolar ultrastructure was observed. During the first cell cycle labelling of RNA polymerase I, fibrillarin, upstream binding factor (UBF) and nucleolin (C23) was localized to nuclear entities. During the 2nd cell cycle, only labelling of RNA polymerase I and fibrillarin persisted. During the 3rd and 4th cell cycle labelling of fibrillarin persisted, labelling of nucleophosmin (B23) appeared and that of nucleolin re‐appeared. During the 5th cell cycle almost all embryos showed complete labelling of all proteins except for UBF, which lacked in more than half of the embryos. In conclusion, bovine granulosa cell nuclear transfer embryos showed re‐modelling of the nucleoli to an inactive form followed by re‐formation of fibrillo–granular nucleoli. The re‐formation of fibrillo–granular nucleoli was initiated already during the 3rd cell cycle, which is one cell cycle earlier than in in vivo‐ and in vitro‐derived bovine embryos. Moreover, in more than half of the embryos, UBF could not be immunocytochemically localized to the nucleolar compartment during the 5th cell cycle indicating lack of developmental potentials. Mol. Repord. Dev. 61:477–487, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nuclear matrix in developing rat spermatogenic cells
Authors: Chen Ji‐long , Guo Shu‐hong , Gao Fu‐hong 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe nonchromatin structure or nuclear matrix in developing spermatogenic cells of the rat was studied using a biochemical fractionation in concert with resinless section electron microscopy. Observations demonstrated that the nuclear matrix of spermatogenic cells consisted of a three‐dimensional network of filaments of variable thicknesses. In spermatogonia and spermatocytes the nuclear matrix consisted of relatively thin filaments, while that of round spermatids consisted of a thicker interconnecting network of filament. In elongating spermatids, the interior of the nuclear matrix consisted of a network of dense filaments bounded by a peripheral lamina. The protein composition of the nuclear matrix in spermatogenic cells was examined by high‐resolution two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and correlated with morphological changes characteristic of each stage. The results showed that the proteins of nuclear matrix changed in a cell stage‐specific manner. These stage‐specific changes corresponded to the major transitions of chromatin structure and function during spermatogenesis. Furthermore, immunocytochemical and immunoblotting analysis of DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) revealed that this enzyme exhibited stage‐specific variations and was associated with the nuclear matrix. These results suggest that the nuclear matrix in spermatogenic cells may be involved in mediating DNA modifications and maintaining nuclear organization during spermatogenesis.Mol. Reprod. Dev.59:314–321, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mammalian follicle‐stimulating hormone and insulin‐like growth factor i (IGF‐I) up‐regulate igf‐i gene expression in organ culture of newt testis
Authors: Yamamoto Takashi , Nakayama Yuki , Abé Shin‐Ichi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe previously showed that porcine follicle‐stimulating hormone (pFSH) and human recombinant insulin‐like growth factor (rhIGF‐I) promote the differentiation of secondary spermatogonia into primary spermatocytes in organ cultures of newt testes, respectively. To elucidate the molecular action of FSH and IGF‐I, we cloned cDNAs for newt IGF‐I and IGF‐I receptor (IGF‐IR), and examined their mRNA expression in organ culture during newt spermatogenesis. Northern blot and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analyses revealed that IGF‐I mRNA was highly expressed in somatic cells (mostly Sertoli cells) at the secondary spermatogonial stage but barely in germ cells, and that IGF‐IR mRNA was expressed in both germ and somatic cells at all stages examined. The addition of pFSH to newt testis markedly increased IGF‐I mRNA expression. Also, rhIGF‐I increased IGF‐I mRNA expression, whereas IGF‐IR mRNA expression declined slightly. These results suggest that the ability of FSH to promote the differentiation of secondary spermatogonia is at least partly mediated by somatic cell‐derived IGF‐I, and that IGF‐I mRNA expression in somatic cells is auto‐upregulated. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 60: 56–64, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of four postprocessing methods for determination of cerebral blood volume and mean transit time by dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging
Authors: Perkiö Jussi , Aronen Hannu J. , Kangasmäki Aki , Liu Yawu , Karonen Jari , Savolainen Sauli , Østergaard Leif 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFour different postprocessing methods to determine cerebral blood volume (CBV) and contrast agent mean transit time (MTT) by dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI were compared. CBV was determined by two different methods that integrate tracer concentration–time curves numerically and by two other methods that take recirculation into account. For the two methods that use numerical integration, one method cuts the integration after the first pass while the other method integrates over the whole time series. For the two methods that account for recirculation, one method uses a gamma‐variate fit, whereas the other method utilizes tissue impulse response. All four methods determine MTT as the ratio of CBV and cerebral blood flow (CBF). In each case, CBF was obtained as the height of the impulse response obtained by deconvolving the tissue concentration–time curves with a noninvasively determined arterial input function. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to determine the reliability of the methods and the validity of the simulations was supported by observation of similar trends in 13 acute stroke patients. The method of determining CBV and subsequently MTT was found to affect the measured value especially in areas where MTT is prolonged, but had no apparent effect on the visually determined hypoperfusion volumes. Magn Reson Med 47:973–981, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myocardial wall tagging with undersampled projection reconstruction†
Authors: Peters Dana C. , Epstein Frederick H. , McVeigh Elliot R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAzimuthally undersampled projection reconstruction (PR) acquisition is investigated for use in myocardial wall tagging with MR using grid tags to provide increased temporal and spatial resolution. PR can provide the high‐resolution images required for tagging with very few projections, at the expense of artifact. Insight is provided into the PR undersampling artifact, in the context of measuring myocardial motion with tags. For Fourier transform imaging, at least 112 phase‐encodings must be collected to image tagging grids spaced 7 pixels apart. PR requires about 80 projections, a 1.4‐fold reduction in scan time. Magn Reson Med 45:562–567, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Xenon‐129 MR imaging and spectroscopy of rat brain using arterial delivery of hyperpolarized xenon in a lipid emulsion
Authors: Duhamel Guillaume , Choquet Philippe , Grillon Emmanuelle , Lamalle Laurent , Leviel Jean‐Louis , Ziegler Anne , Constantinesco André 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHyperpolarized129Xe dissolved in a lipid emulsion constitutes an NMR tracer that can be injected into the blood stream, enabling blood‐flow measurement and perfusion imaging. A small volume (0.15 ml) of this tracer was injected in 1.5 s in rat carotid and129Xe MR spectra and images were acquired at 2.35 T to evaluate the potential of this approach for cerebral studies. Xenon spectra consistently showed two resonances, at 194.5 ppm and 199.0 ppm relative to the gas peak. The signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) obtained for the two peaks was sufficient (ranging from 12 to 90) to follow their time courses. 2D transverse‐projection xenon images were obtained with an in‐plane resolution of 900 μm per pixel (SNR range 8–15). Histological analysis revealed no brain damage except in two rats that had received three injections. Magn Reson Med 46:208–212, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of trabecular bone by dipolar demagnetizing field MRI
Authors: Capuani Silvia , Curzi Francesca , Alessandri Francesco Maria , Maraviglia Bruno , Bifone Angelo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA multiple spin‐echo (MSE) sequence has been applied for the first time to study trabecular bone ex vivo. The second echo generated by the demagnetizing field presents discrete drops in signal intensity for certain values of the pitch of the magnetization helix created by the correlation gradient. These dips may reflect characteristic pore sizes in the trabecular bone specimens. This hypothesis is supported by similar experiments performed on a phantom with uniform pore size distribution. Trabecular bone images weighted in the MSE contrast mechanism are reported. Magn Reson Med 46:683–689, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo water quantification in mouse brain at 9.4 Tesla in a vasogenic edema model
Authors: Schwarcz Attila , Berente Zoltán , Ősz Erzsébet , Dóczi Tamás 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe aim of our study was to establish a simple in vivo method for water quantification in vasogenic edema, and provide data on imaging of mouse brain at 9.4 Tesla. Apparent T1 and spin density values determined by MRI were found to strongly correlate with the gravimetric water content of mouse brain undergoing cold injury. Using a two‐point calibration line between the spin density values for pure water and cortex of mouse brain, as well as the corresponding water contents in vivo, water could be quantified with satisfactory accuracy. Magn Reson Med 46:1246–1249, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrophysiological evaluation of conduction in the most proximal motor root segment
Authors: Inaba Akira , Yokota Takanori , Otagiri Asuka , Nishimura Tomoko , Saito Yukinobu , Ichikawa Tadashi , Mizusawa Hidehiro 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRoot conduction time (RCT), defined as the time difference between M‐wave latency by cervical magnetic stimulation (CMS) and the total peripheral motor conduction time calculated from the shortest F‐wave latency, was investigated in patients with inflammatory demyelinating neuropathies (IDP) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The minimal threshold for CMS also was studied. In the IDP patients, conduction in the proximal motor root segment was considered abnormal in 52% by the RCT and in 47% by the minimal threshold for CMS, whereas both were normal in 85% of the ALS patients. These findings suggest that the RCT and minimal threshold for CMS might be additional parameters for evaluating motor nerve conduction in IDP. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 000–000, 2002
Expression and localization of protein inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Guo Yang , Petrof Basil J. , Hussain Sabah N. A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn skeletal muscle fibers, nitric oxide is synthesized by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), which normally associates with the dystrophin complex in close proximity to the sarcolemma. Many reports have documented that very low levels of nNOS protein exist in muscle fibers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients. In this study we investigated the functional significance of PIN (protein inhibitor of nNOS) in targeting of nNOS to the sarcolemma and the association between nNOS and the dystrophin complex in normal and dystrophic muscle fibers. Northern blotting for PIN mRNA in normal mouse muscles and muscles of mdx mice (an animal model of DMD) revealed a significant rise in PIN mRNA in dystrophic muscles compared with normal muscles. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that, in normal mouse muscle fibers, PIN expression was localized at the sarcolemma, peripheral nuclei, and the sarcoplasm. By comparison, PIN protein in muscles from mdx mice was more concentrated around the sarcolemma and central nuclei. The presence of PIN protein expression in muscles from mdx mice was evident despite the significant reduction in nNOS and dystrophin protein expressions in these fibers. In muscle sections of DMD patients, the absence of nNOS protein expression was accompanied by maintained PIN expression. Prominent PIN expression was also detectable in macrophages infiltrating dystrophic muscle fibers both in mdx mice and DMD patients. These results suggest that PIN expression in muscles from mdx mice and DMD patients is controlled by factors different from those involved in the regulation of nNOS and dystrophin. Moreover, our results indicate that PIN is not an integral component of the dystrophin complex inside skeletal muscle fibers. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 1468–1475, 2001
Consistent tangent matrices for density‐dependent finite plasticity models
Authors: Pérez‐Foguet Agustí , Rodríguez‐Ferran Antonio , Huerta Antonio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe consistent tangent matrix for density‐dependent plastic models within the theory of isotropic multiplicative hyperelastoplasticity is presented here. Plastic equations expressed as general functions of the Kirchhoff stresses and density are considered. They include the Cauchy‐based plastic models as a particular case. The standard exponential return‐mapping algorithm is applied, with the density playing the role of a fixed parameter during the nonlinear plastic corrector problem. The consistent tangent matrix has the same structure as in the usual density‐independent plastic models. A simple additional term takes into account the influence of the density on the plastic corrector problem. Quadratic convergence results are shown for several representative examples involving geomaterial and powder constitutive models. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relaxation times of choline, creatine and N‐acetyl aspartate in human cerebral white matter at 1.5 T
Authors: Rutgers D. R. , van der Grond J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSeveral studies have investigated the T1 and T2 relaxation time of choline, creatine and N‐acetyl aspartate in cerebral white matter in normal human subjects. However, these studies demonstrate a large variation in T1 and T2 values. In the present study, relaxation times of choline, creatine and N‐acetyl aspartate were determined in cerebral white matter in 15 control subjects (age 21 ± 2 y, mean ± SD) at 1.5 T. Using PRESS, seven or eight data points were obtained to fit the T1 and T2 relaxation curves to, respectively. The mean voxel size was 14 cm3. The T1 relaxation times of choline, creatine and N‐acetyl aspartate were 1091 ± 132 (mean ± SD), 1363 ± 137 and 1276 ± 132 ms. The T2 relaxation times were 352 ± 52, 219 ± 29 and 336 ± 46 ms, respectively. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complementary expression and heterophilic interactions between igLON family members neurotrimin and LAMP
Authors: Gil Orlando D. , Zhang Li , Chen Suzanne , Ren Y.Q. , Pimenta Aurea , Zanazzi George , Hillman Dean , Levitt Pat , Salzer James L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNeurotrimin (Ntm) and the limbic system‐associated membrane protein (LAMP) are members of the IgLON (LAMP, OBCAM, Ntm) family of glycorylphosphatidylinositol anchored neural cell adhesion molecules. We previously reported that LAMP and Ntm promote adhesion and neurite outgrowth via a homophilic mechanism, suggesting that these proteins promote the formation of specific neuronal circuits by homophilic interactions. In this report, we have further characterized the expression and binding specificity of Ntm. Using a newly generated monoclonal antibody to Ntm, we demonstrated that this protein is largely expressed in a complementary pattern to that of LAMP in the nervous system, with co‐expression at a few sites. Ntm is expressed at high levels in sensory‐motor cortex and, of particular note, is transiently expressed in neurons of cortical barrel fields and corresponding thalamic “barreloids.” Binding of a recombinant, soluble form of Ntm to CHO cells expressing either Ntm or LAMP demonstrates that Ntm and LAMP interact both homophilically and heterophilically. In contrast to conventional growth‐promoting activity of Ig superfamily members, LAMP strongly inhibits the outgrowth of Ntm‐expressing dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in a heterophilic manner. These anatomical and functional data support the concept that homophilic and heterophilic interactions between IgLON family members are likely to play a role in the specification of neuronal projections via growth promoting and inhibiting effects, respectively. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 51: 190–204, 2002