bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: can we do better?
Authors: Scotté Florian 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Although the management of nausea and vomiting induced by cancer treatments has evolved, several questions remain unanswered.

Recent findings
New antiemetics have been developed these last decades with therapeutic indications to be defined according to the anticancer regimen and partly as a consequence of the assessment of individual patient risk factors. Guidelines still seem to have a low level of knowledge and compliance, with a role for scientific societies in term of dissemination and education. A number of persistent issues relating to emesis still need improvement in prevention and management. Nausea remains a subjective semantic whose evaluation should possibly benefit from educational programs. The risk classification of anticancer drugs must be regularly updated, requiring regular literature reviews and the integration of data from clinical trials relating to emerging anticancer drugs. Recent data, particularly in the context of emerging drugs, highlight the importance to consider emesis’ impact beyond the 5-day period, with a potential adaptation of antiemetic prophylaxis, including the mode of administration of oral drugs.

Summary
Guidelines update is presented with literature answers to the current issues in order to improve quality of patient's management in the context of emesis related to anticancer therapies.
From basic to clinical and therapeutic insights: news on actinic keratosis and skin squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Orte Cano Carmen , Suppa Mariano , Pastushenko Ievgenia , del Marmol Véronique 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common skin cancer, with an increasing incidence. This review highlights this past year's advances regarding the understanding of its pathogenesis, newly introduced diagnostic methods and updates in prevention and treatment.

Recent findings
While the pathogenesis of SCC progression remains unclear, new sequencing techniques are helping to better characterize these tumours at the molecular level. Recently introduced noninvasive imaging techniques are rapidly transforming SCC diagnosis and follow-up. Although nicotinamide has not demonstrated significant benefit in reducing SCC incidence among transplant recipients, larger studies are needed to achieve statistical power. Tirbanibulin, a new field treatment for actinic keratosis is now available and well tolerated for use in areas up to 100 cm2. Surgery remains the cornerstone of SCC treatment and can now be complemented with cemiplimab, when advanced.

Summary
Recent years have seen a diagnostic revolution in dermatology, driven by noninvasive imaging and artificial intelligence; however, the physiopathogenesis of SCC progression remains poorly understood. In treatment, immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown good survival outcomes for advanced SCC. Research continues in the neoadjuvant setting and among transplanted patients, with encouraging preliminary results.
Emerging toxicities in oncology
Authors: Mayeur Didier 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
New anticancer drugs often are associated with improved results, such as objective response and disease-free survival. But with these new drugs, patients, caregivers and medical oncologist have to face new toxicities, quite different from the side effects of conventional chemotherapy. The aim of this review is to share the actual knowledge about these new toxicities.

Recent findings
We review here some of these new toxicities, as ocular, cardio, lung and mucocutaneous toxicities, as well as specific side effects of CAR-T cells. We also discuss a specific problem, which is financial toxicity.

Summary
With this review, caregivers and medical oncologists will be aware of these new toxicities and able to develop their own network of specialized practitioners to provide the best possible supportive care.
Understanding the Impacts of Surgical Drains on Postoperative Pain and Quality of Life
Authors: Gadiraju Goutam K. , Prospero Matthew R. , Tobias Finn , Malek Andrew J. , Reiche Erik , Broyles Justin M. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Surgical drains are commonly used in breast surgery and breast reconstruction for seroma prevention. Although many surgeons are aware that surgical drains can cause considerable discomfort to patients, less is understood about the specific impacts of drains on postoperative pain and quality of life (QOL).

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients at our institution who had previously undergone mastectomy or breast reconstruction procedures to better understand patients’ experiences with surgical drains. Patients were asked to report their attitudes toward a series of QOL statements and rate postoperative pain using numeric pain scales. Pair-wise analysis was used to identify predictors of responses.

Results:
A total of 203 complete responses were recorded. Increased pain scale ratings for pain at the body wall, incision site, and drain entry site were significantly associated with drain duration at 2–3 weeks or longer (P < 0.05). Notably, 84.7% of patients reported that drains increased the difficulty of completing daily tasks. Most patients (66.0%) reported negative impacts on mood, and 37.0% reported apprehension toward undergoing future procedures that may require drains. Most patients (65.0%) also expressed that they would prefer to receive care from institutions that utilize improved alternatives to standard drains.

Conclusions:
Surgical drains cause substantial discomfort to most patients and exert several negative impacts on QOL. In addition to limiting drain use wherever possible, innovations in technique and the development of alternatives to existing drains may offer patients a less painful, improved postoperative recovery experience.
Need of the hour: A service failure recovery reorientation for U.S. hospitals
Authors: Chakraborty Subhajit , Pagán José A. 
Published: January 2025

Issue
Many hospitals in the United States are facing significant postpandemic operational challenges largely as a result of increasing demand for health care services. Operational issues increase the risk of service failures. Improving the patient experience after service failures may lead to better outcomes for both patients and hospitals.

Critical Theoretical Analysis
Drawing support from service failure recovery and quality management paradigms, we suggest that hospitals could periodically obtain deidentified patient feedback data drawn from multiple sources—including social media—to build a comprehensive patient experience dashboard that can be used to improve health care quality.

Insight/Advance
We offer an overarching conceptual framework to support organizational learning and make hospitals more adaptive to patient feedback. Staff members and leaders could examine patient feedback data to identify service failures and take appropriate action to prevent their recurrence in hospitals. A patient experience dashboard can be developed to document and visualize remedial actions taken by hospitals against each past service failure and shared with all stakeholders.

Practice Implications
Reorienting health care as a service where hospitals immediately listen to patients and promptly address their questions and concerns may help to strengthen the continuity of health care services offered by hospitals as well as improve their financial position, quality of care, and the overall patient experience.
OPTIC PIT-LIKE MACULOPATHY WITH CLINICALLY OCCULT OPTIC DISC PIT Diagnostic imaging, clinical features, and management
Authors: Shukla Dhananjay , Kalliath Jay , Dhawan Anuradha ,   on behalf of the VRSI study group
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To describe the diagnostic imaging, clinical features and management of pit-like maculopathy and clinically occult optic pit (OOPM).

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed the demographics, imaging features and intervention details of the subjects with OOPM enrolled from 19 sites. The main outcome measure was detection of occult pit in OOPM.

Results:
Forty-seven eyes (46 subjects) with pit-like maculopathy without visible optic pit were studied. Maculopathy consisted of multilayered retinoschisis and/or serous detachment (44 eyes); 3 eyes showed non-glaucomatous nerve fiber layer defects. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed a crater-like disc cavitation in 40 (85%) eyes. Infrared imaging and fluorescein angiography, when performed, revealed the occult pit in 5/18 (29%) and 3/13 (23%) eyes respectively. Clinical clues to an occult pit included anomalous or enlarged ONH and cilioretinal artery (36%, 33% and 32% eyes respectively). Twelve (26%) eyes had coexistent glaucoma. Follow-up was available for 35 (75%) eyes: 22 were observed; 11 underwent vitrectomy; 2 had gas injection. Intervention reduced macular fluid in 85% eyes and improved best-corrected visual acuity (p=0.012).

Conclusions:
OCT revealed a cavitation attributable to optic pit in most eyes with pit-like maculopathy, helped by clinical clues like anomalous/enlarged disc, and cilioretinal artery. Surgical intervention was infrequent but successful.
Role of Crosstalk Between Gut Microbiota and Immune Cells in Colorectal Cancer: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ye Mengke , Yuan Guangxun , Jin Yue , Zeng Xun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent and deadly cancers globally, with its incidence increasing due to lifestyle factors such as increased consumption of red meat and decreased vegetable intake. A distinctive aspect of CRC is its strong connection to the gut microbiota, which is crucial in both tumorigenesis and immune regulation. This narrative review provides a comprehensive analysis of the interactions between gut microbiota and the immune system, focusing on their importance in CRC progression and responses to immunotherapy. Imbalances in the composition of gut microbes are strongly associated with CRC development. Notably, species such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis have been identified as key regulators of immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. These microbes affect the functions of immune cells, such as T cells, macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, thereby influencing cancer progression and prognosis. Additionally, this review underscores the potential of gut microbiota as biomarkers for CRC detection and outcome prediction. There is also growing interest in the use of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and dietary modifications as supplementary treatments. A deeper understanding of how microbial communities interact with the immune system may pave the way for novel personalized therapies, particularly by enhancing the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Hematogenous Dissemination of Scedosporiosis in an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Berger Steven , Se Bobby , Delman Mark 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Scedosporiosis is becoming an increasingly recognized cause of treatment-resistant opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. Fungal infections with Scedosporium spp. have also been seen in immunocompetent patients with previously damaged bronchopulmonary trees. Presentation may be associated with mycetoma, sinopulmonary involvement, extrapulmonary localized infections, and, in rare cases, disseminated infections. We present a case of an immunocompetent 57-year-old woman with prior pulmonary tuberculosis who was found to have Scedosporium boydii/apiospermum pneumonia and Scedosporium osteomyelitis. Multiple bone cultures were negative prior to diagnostic confirmation by 28S ribonucleic acid polymerase chain reaction sequencing. This case illustrates the rare occurrence of hematogenous spread in an immunocompetent patient and the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with Scedosporium spp. infections.
Comparison of short-and long-term outcomes between endovascular and open repair for descending thoracic aortic aneurysm: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Junning , Gou Dan , Xu Kanglin , Lu Ziao , Li Peidong , Lei Yong , Wang Yongjie , Yang Yuting , Liu Shiqiang , Zhu Guiying 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of endovascular versus open repair for the treatment of patients with descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (DTAA).

Methods:
A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies was performed. Outcome data, including postoperative mortality and morbidity, operative details, all-cause survival, freedom from aortic-related survival and freedom from aortic-related re-intervention, were independently extracted by two authors in a standardized way.

Results:
Twenty-nine studies comprising 49 972 patients (22 049 endovascular repair; 27 923 open repair) were included. Endovascular repair was associated with a significantly lower postoperative mortality rate [odd ratio (OR): 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45-0.72; I2 = 72.58%] and morbidity. In terms of long-term survival, endovascular repair yielded better freedom from aortic-related survival [hazard ratio (HR): 0.71, 95% CI: 0.54-0.93, P = 0.012] but inferior freedom from aortic-related reintervention (HR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.45-3.04, P < 0.001). Landmark analysis revealed that the open repair group experienced better all-cause survival beyond 16 months (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.53-1.75, P < 0.001). In addition, in the subgroup of patients with intact DTAA, those who underwent open repair exhibited a higher rate of postoperative mortality (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.88; I2 = 83.34%) but had better all-cause survival beyond 7 months (HR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.61-1.84, P < 0.001) than those who underwent endovascular repair.

Conclusion:
Among patients treated for DTAA, endovascular repair was associated with better freedom from aortic-related survival, a lower risk for postoperative mortality and morbidity, and shorter lengths of intervention, intensive care unit stay, and hospital stay than those who underwent open repair. Open repair yielded significantly better long-term all-cause survival and freedom from aortic-related re-intervention than endovascular repair.
Multimodal large language models address clinical queries in laryngeal cancer surgery: a comparative evaluation of image interpretation across different models
Authors: Liang Bingyu , Gao Yifan , Wang Taibao , Zhang Lei , Wang Qin 
Published: January 2025

Background and objectives:
Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown promise in medical image interpretation, yet their utility in surgical contexts remains unexplored. This study evaluates six MLLMs’ performance in interpreting diverse imaging modalities for laryngeal cancer surgery.

Methods:
We analyzed 169 images (X-rays, CT scans, laryngoscopy, and pathology findings) from 50 patients using six state-of-the-art MLLMs. Model performance was assessed across 1084 clinically relevant questions by two independent physicians.

Results:
Claude 3.5 Sonnet achieves the highest accuracy (79.43%, 95% CI: 77.02%-81.84%). Performance varied significantly across imaging modalities and between commercial and open-source models, with a 19-percentage point gap between the best commercial and open-source solutions.

Conclusion:
Advanced MLLMs show promising potential as clinical decision support tools in laryngeal cancer surgery, while performance variations suggest the need for specialized model development and clinical workflow integration. Future research should focus on developing specialized MLLMs trained on large-scale multi-center laryngeal cancer datasets.
Multimodal assessment predicts cognitive impairment after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Peng , Li Ruili , Zhang Tongyu , Xu Yueqiao , Yang Kun , Li Yuxia , Han Chuanliang , Yang Yang , Wang Changming , Lu Jie , Zhang Hongqi 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Risk factors and mechanisms of cognitive impairment (CI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) are unclear. This study used a neuropsychological battery, MRI, ERP and CSF and plasma biomarkers to predict long-term cognitive impairment after aSAH.

Materials and methods:
214 patients hospitalized with aSAH (n = 125) or unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) (n = 89) were included in this prospective cohort study. Neuropsychological tests were administered 7 to 24 months post-discharge. MRI, ERP, and CSF and plasma biomarkers were used to predict long-term CI, and area under ROC curves were calculated.

Results:
Patients with aSAH CI showed significant impairment across composite scores and cognitive domains on the neuropsychological battery vs. patients with aSAH No CI. On ALFF (MRI), the right medial orbitofrontal cortex (AUC = 0.78), right inferior frontal gyrus (AUC = 0.848), and right inferior parietal lobule (AUC = 0.868) distinguished aSAH CI from aSAH No CI. For ERP, consistent changes were found across specific EEG electrodes (FP1, F3, CP1, FP2, F4, CP2), including increased PA, prolonged PL and decreased ITPC. ITPC showed the highest sensitivity for distinguishing aSAH CI from aSAH No CI, followed by PA. Channel F4 (ITPC, AUC = 0.912, PA, AUC = 0.846), corresponding to the right inferior frontal gyrus, was the most sensitive for detecting CI, followed by channel CP2 (ITPC, AUC = 0.903, PA, AUC = 0.806), corresponding to the right inferior parietal lobule. CSF (Aβ42, Aβ40, p-tau181/Aβ42, p-tau181/total-tau, total-tau) and plasma biomarkers (Aβ-40, p-tau181) were significantly associated with long-term CI.

Conclusion:
ALFF, ERP, and CSF and plasma Aβ and tau levels and ratios have clinical utility for evaluating and predicting long-term cognitive impairment following aSAH. MRI may reveal the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment following aSAH. ERP can be administered at the bedside offering sensitive, non-invasive, repeatable, and sustainable monitoring, which is particularly suitable for immobile coma patients. ERP may represent a promising method to monitor neural function and its outcomes.
Safety and efficacy of minimally invasive associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Loke Sean , Ong Benedict Ding Chao , Ng Joanna , Kow Alfred Wei Chieh 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Liver malignancies present substantial challenges to surgeons due to the extensive hepatic resections required, frequently resulting in posthepatectomy liver failure. Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) was designed to increase the resectable liver volume, yet it is associated with significant mortality and morbidity rates. Recently, minimally invasive techniques have been incorporated into ALPPS, with the potential to improve the procedure’s safety profile whilst maintaining efficacy.

Materials and methods:
This PRISMA-adherent systematic review involved a systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane for all interventional studies that evaluated the operative outcomes of minimally invasive ALPPS compared to open ALPPS. Two independent reviewers appraised and extracted the summary data from published studies. Random effects meta-analyses were used for primary analysis.

Results:
Nine studies with 637 patients undergoing ALPPS were included. Meta-analyses indicated a statistically significant decreased risk of 90-day mortality (RR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.29;0.80) and decreased overall length of hospital stay (MD = −8, 95%CI: −11.25;−4.74) in patients undergoing minimally invasive ALPPS compared to patients undergoing open ALPPS. No significant differences in terms of the rate of future liver remnant growth (MD = 11.37, 95%CI: −4.02;26.77) and risk of posthepatectomy liver failure (RR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.09;2.97) were identified. Subgroup analyses identified a trend in lowering the risk of posthepatectomy liver failure in patients undergoing laparoscopic ALPPS compared to robotic ALPPS. In terms of oncologic surgical outcomes, 92% of patients undergoing minimally invasive ALPPS achieved negative margin resections, while 86% of patients undergoing open ALPPS achieved negative margin resections.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence that minimally invasive ALPPS offers a safer alternative with reduced mortality and shorter hospital stays, while maintaining comparable efficacy in liver remnant growth and R0 resections. These findings highlight the potential of minimally invasive techniques to combat the criticism that ALPPS has been placed under.
Prevention strategies of esophageal stenosis after endoscopic resection for superficial esophageal cancer: a Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Yongqi , Xu Hongyan , Yu Wanli , Liu Zijing , Zhao Gang , Zhang Zhihuan , Xia Yuan , Xiao Shiyong , Yi Qianzhang , Lin Zebin 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
What interventions effectively prevent postoperative stenosis following endoscopic resection (ER) of superficial esophageal cancer? This study aimed to identify effective interventions or combinations through a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Methods:
Six databases were systematically searched for eligible studies up to 30 April 2023, on interventions to prevent esophageal stenosis post-ER. Odds ratios (ORs) evaluated stenosis rate (primary outcome) and complications (secondary outcome), while mean differences (MD) evaluated endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) sessions post-stenosis.

Results:
Twenty-three studies involving 1271 patients and 11 different interventions were included. Eight interventions were effective in preventing post-ER stenosis: oral hydrocortisone sodium succinate and aluminum phosphate gel (OHA) (OR: 0.02, 95% credible interval [CrI]: 0.00–0.11), polyglycolic acid (PGA) + ST (OR: 0.02, 95% CrI: 0.00–0.23), oral tranilast (OT) + preemptive endoscopic balloon dilatation (PEBD) (OR: 0.08, 95% CrI: 0.01–0.77), botulinum toxin (BT) (OR: 0.10, 95% CrI: 0.03–0.32), ST (OR: 0.08, 95% CrI: 0.01–0.67), oral steroid (OS) (OR: 0.11, 95% CrI: 0.05–0.28), endoscopic triamcinolone injection (ETI) + OS (OR: 0.17, 95% CrI: 0.07–0.42), and ETI (OR: 0.18, 95% CrI: 0.11–0.30). Five interventions significantly reduced EBD sessions: PGA + ST (MD: −5.78, 95% CrI: −11.04 to −1.21), ETI + OS (MD: −3.27, 95% CrI: −5.37 to −0.72), OS (MD: −6.18, 95% CrI: −9.43 to −3.38), ETI (MD: −3.81, 95% CrI: −5.74 to −1.99), and BT (MD: −2.16, 95% CrI: −4.12 to −0.40). None of the interventions significantly increased complications.

Conclusions:
This study confirmed the efficacy of OS, ETI, and ETI + OS and verified five other interventions (OHA, PGA + ST, OT + PEBD, BT, and ST) in preventing stenosis. Notably, PGA + ST and BT also reduced the number of EBD sessions.