bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farmers' resilience index: A tool to metricize the resilience of the farmers towards natural disasters affecting agriculture in India
Authors: Raahalya Sandipamu , Balasubramaniam P. , Devi M. Nirmala , Maragatham N. , Selvi R. Gangai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the present paper farmers' resilience index (FRI) was constructed considering the natural disaster using five dimensions including physical, social, economic, human and natural. The scale is administered to the 240 paddy farmers in two coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh. Principal component analysis was performed in order to fix the weightage for each variable. About (39.58%) of farmers are resilient to natural disasters with the highest resilience score for financial capital (0.641) and natural capital with less resilience score (0.401). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to determine how well the generated model of the scale fits the data. The structural equation modelling (SEM) path diagram was developed based on the conceptual model, which uses resilience as a latent variable. The SEM analysis revealed that four dimensions of capital positively affect farmers' resilience except for the human capital which negatively affects resilience. To reduce the effects of natural catastrophes in the upcoming years, the adaptation strategies from the highly resilient places can be examined and put into practice in the less resilient areas. It is imperative that development programmes at all levels incorporate climate awareness and stakeholder capacity building.
Dissolved organic material changes during combined treatment of a mixture of landfill leachate and anaerobic digestate using deammonification and chemical coagulation
Authors: Zeirani Nav Tayyeb , Pümpel Thomas , Bockreis Anke 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The current study investigates the combined treatment of wastewater of anaerobic digestate and landfill leachate, using deammonification and coagulation/flocculation processes. The deammonification section studies the performance of a full-scale deammonification plant in nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, monitored over 2 years. For further COD reduction from the deammonification effluent (DE) to meet the environmental regulatory standards, coagulation/flocculation using three different Al-based coagulants was used to treat the DE. Results revealed that the deammonification plant showed 80% average ammonium removal from the mixed feed over the study period. Additionally, 30% of the feed COD was removed in the deammonification plant. COD analysis after treatment using coagulants revealed that the polyaluminum chloride modified with Fe had the best performance in reducing COD to meet the environmental standards. Excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) of the dissolved organic material (DOM) samples indicated that fluorescents were the compounds mostly affected by the coagulant types. DOM analysis using 2D correlation Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the applied coagulants showed minor differences in removing different functional groups, despite having different COD reduction performance. Wastewater elemental analysis indicated elevated metal concentrations in low pH conditions (&lt;6) due to re-stabilization of the flocs using coagulants.
An Update on the Emerging Role of Wnt/β-catenin, SYK, PI3K/AKT, and
GM-CSF Signaling Pathways in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Prajapati Pradyuman , Doshi Gaurav 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Rheumatoid arthritis is an untreatable autoimmune disorder. The disease is accompanied
by joint impairment and anomalies, which negatively affect the patient’s quality of life and
contribute to a decline in manpower. To diagnose and treat rheumatoid arthritis, it is crucial to understand
the abnormal signaling pathways that contribute to the disease. This understanding will
help develop new rheumatoid arthritis-related intervention targets. Over the last few decades, researchers
have given more attention to rheumatoid arthritis. The current review seeks to provide a
detailed summary of rheumatoid arthritis, highlighting the basic description of the disease, past occurrences,
the study of epidemiology, risk elements, and the process of disease progression, as
well as the key scientific development of the disease condition and multiple signaling pathways
and enumerating the most current advancements in discovering new rheumatoid arthritis signaling
pathways and rheumatoid arthritis inhibitors. This review emphasizes the anti-rheumatoid effects
of these inhibitors [for the Wnt/β-catenin, Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases (PI3K/AKT), Spleen Tyrosine
Kinase (SYK), and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) signaling
pathways], illustrating their mechanism of action through a literature search, current therapies,
and novel drugs under pre-clinical and clinical trials.
Association of Cardiac Valve Calcification and 1-year Mortality after Lower-extremity Amputation in Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ye Weibin , Li Li , Zeng Jianfeng 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Cardiac valve calcification predisposes patients to a higher risk of adverse
cardiovascular events. This study aimed to investigate the association between cardiac
valve calcification and 1-year mortality in diabetic patients after lower-extremity amputation.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study conducted on the clinical data of diabetic patients who
underwent lower-extremity amputation admitted to the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou,
Guangdong, China for diabetic foot ulcers needed lower extremity amputation surgery
between July 2017 and March 2021. Detailed preoperative medical assessments were performed
and recorded. Cardiac valve calcification was assessed using echocardiography at baseline. Oneyear
follow-up assessments were conducted and included clinical visits, hospital record assessments,
and telephone reviews to obtain the survival status of patients.

Results:
Ninety-three diabetic patients participated in the study. The 1-year follow-up mortality
rate after amputation was 24.7%. Compared to the survival group, the prevalence of cardiac
valve calcification and the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) were higher in the mortality
group. In the Cox regression analysis, cardiac valvular calcification (HR=3.427, 95% CI=1.125-
10.443, p =0.030) was found to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality after amputation.
In addition, the patients with both aortic valve calcification and mitral annular calcification
had a higher all-cause mortality rate (50%). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis
showed a stronger predictive ability when using a combination of calcified valve number and
RCRI (AUC=0.786 95%, CI=0.676-0.896, p =0.000).

Conclusion:
In diabetic patients after lower-extremity amputation, cardiac valve calcification
was associated with all-cause mortality during 1-year follow-up. Combination of calcified valve
number and RCRI score showed a stronger predictive value for mortality.
Comparison of Polysomnography, Single-Channel Electroencephalogram, Fitbit, and Sleep Logs in Patients With Psychiatric Disorders: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kawai Keita , Iwamoto Kunihiro , Miyata Seiko , Okada Ippei , Fujishiro Hiroshige , Noda Akiko , Nakagome Kazuyuki , Ozaki Norio , Ikeda Masashi 
Published: December 2023

Background
Sleep disturbances are core symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Although various sleep measures have been developed to assess sleep patterns and quality of sleep, the concordance of these measures in patients with psychiatric disorders remains relatively elusive.

Objective
This study aims to examine the degree of agreement among 3 sleep recording methods and the consistency between subjective and objective sleep measures, with a specific focus on recently developed devices in a population of individuals with psychiatric disorders.

Methods
We analyzed 62 participants for this cross-sectional study, all having data for polysomnography (PSG), Zmachine, Fitbit, and sleep logs. Participants completed questionnaires on their symptoms and estimated sleep duration the morning after the overnight sleep assessment. The interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to evaluate the consistency between sleep parameters obtained from each instrument. Additionally, Bland-Altman plots were used to visually show differences and limits of agreement for sleep parameters measured by PSG, Zmachine, Fitbit, and sleep logs.

Results
The findings indicated a moderate agreement between PSG and Zmachine data for total sleep time (ICC=0.46; P<.001), wake after sleep onset (ICC=0.39; P=.002), and sleep efficiency (ICC=0.40; P=.006). In contrast, Fitbit demonstrated notable disagreement with PSG (total sleep time: ICC=0.08; wake after sleep onset: ICC=0.18; sleep efficiency: ICC=0.10) and exhibited particularly large discrepancies from the sleep logs (total sleep time: ICC=–0.01; wake after sleep onset: ICC=0.05; sleep efficiency: ICC=–0.02). Furthermore, subjective and objective concordance among PSG, Zmachine, and sleep logs appeared to be influenced by the severity of the depressive symptoms and obstructive sleep apnea, while these associations were not observed between the Fitbit and other sleep instruments.

Conclusions
Our study results suggest that Fitbit accuracy is reduced in the presence of comorbid clinical symptoms. Although user-friendly, Fitbit has limitations that should be considered when assessing sleep in patients with psychiatric disorders.
Human-Written vs AI-Generated Texts in Orthopedic Academic Literature: Comparative Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Hakam Hassan Tarek , Prill Robert , Korte Lisa , Lovreković Bruno , Ostojić Marko , Ramadanov Nikolai , Muehlensiepen Felix 
Published: December 2023

Background
As large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly integrated into different aspects of health care, questions about the implications for medical academic literature have begun to emerge. Key aspects such as authenticity in academic writing are at stake with artificial intelligence (AI) generating highly linguistically accurate and grammatically sound texts.

Objective
The objective of this study is to compare human-written with AI-generated scientific literature in orthopedics and sports medicine.

Methods
Five original abstracts were selected from the PubMed database. These abstracts were subsequently rewritten with the assistance of 2 LLMs with different degrees of proficiency. Subsequently, researchers with varying degrees of expertise and with different areas of specialization were asked to rank the abstracts according to linguistic and methodological parameters. Finally, researchers had to classify the articles as AI generated or human written.

Results
Neither the researchers nor the AI-detection software could successfully identify the AI-generated texts. Furthermore, the criteria previously suggested in the literature did not correlate with whether the researchers deemed a text to be AI generated or whether they judged the article correctly based on these parameters.

Conclusions
The primary finding of this study was that researchers were unable to distinguish between LLM-generated and human-written texts. However, due to the small sample size, it is not possible to generalize the results of this study. As is the case with any tool used in academic research, the potential to cause harm can be mitigated by relying on the transparency and integrity of the researchers. With scientific integrity at stake, further research with a similar study design should be conducted to determine the magnitude of this issue.
Board Gender Diversity and Investment Efficiency: Global Evidence from 83 Country-Level Interventions
Authors: Baik Dave , Chen Clara Xiaoling , Godsell David 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate the effect of board gender diversity (BGD) on investment outcomes. We identify variation in BGD by compiling, for the first time, a global catalog of 83 BGD interventions implemented in 59 countries between 1999 and 2021. Using a staggered difference-in-differences research design, we document that BGD interventions improve investment outcomes. We find that treated firms reduce inefficient investment by 0.6 percent of total assets or 6.5 percent of total investment and are 4 percentage points more likely to have above-median investment efficiency. Cross-sectional tests reveal more pronounced results when BGD interventions are mandatory, are strongly enforced, and result in larger BGD increases. Event-time, stacked panel, and a wide variety of endogeneity-mitigating robustness tests corroborate. Our plausibly causal inferences have important implications for both research and practice.
JEL Classifications: F52; G34; G38; K22; M41; K38.
Factors influencing the non-surgical eruption of palatally impacted canines
Authors: Olive Richard J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground: Many palatally impacted canines in children do not require surgical exposure prior to the start of orthodontic treatment. They erupt in mid-alveolar positions providing excess space is made for them in the arch. The time required for an impacted tooth to emerge under these conditions is highly variable.Aim: To determine the factors influencing the time required for a palatally impacted canine to spontaneously disimpact following orthodontic treatment to create excess space in the arch.Method: Thirty palatally impacted canines, which emerged following orthodontic treatment to open excess space in the arch, were used. The impacted teeth were present in 28 children. No canines were surgically exposed. The positions of the impacted canines before treatment, the mesiodistal widths and rotations of the adjacent and contralateral lateral incisors, age and gender of the subjects, subjects’ dental ages, presence of either incisor or premolar hypodontia, number of subjects with bilaterally impacted canines, and number of siblings with impacted canines were recorded. Canines that erupted in less than nine months of treatment were compared with canines that required more than nine months of treatment. The canines were grouped by severity of impaction (sectors II - IV) and compared.Results: There were significantly more severe (sector IV) impactions in the long duration group compared with the short duration group. Significantly more cases of incisor - premolar hypodontia were found in the short duration group. Canines impacted in sector IV emerged after 21 months of treatment and canines in sectors II and III emerged after eight months of treatment. Lateral incisors adjacent to the impacted teeth were rotated mesiolabially to a greater extent in the sector IV group compared with lateral incisors in the sector II group. Differences in rotation of the adjacent and contralateral lateral incisors were significantly less in the sector II group compared with the lateral incisors in the sector III and IV groups.Conclusions: The sector of impaction was the best guide to the duration of treatment prior to emergence.
Relapse following orthodontic rotation of teeth in dogs
Authors: Lovatt Russell , Goonewardene Mithran , Tennant Marc 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Rotation of recently emerged or an emerging tooth before the supracrestal fibres have become established may result in less rotational relapse.

Aim
To compare the orientations of the supracrestal fibres attached to recently emerged teeth that have been rotated and retained with the orientation of the fibres attached to teeth that have been rotated and released.

Methods
A customised fixed appliance was constructed to rotate both lower first premolars in four dogs. The teeth were rotated at least 40 degrees as soon as the cusp tips had emerged sufficiently to bond attachments on the teeth. Upon completion of rotation, both teeth were held in the rotated positions and allowed to erupt at the normal rate. When the teeth were fully erupted (approximately 12 weeks) one premolar in each dog was released while the contralateral tooth was held in the rotated position. Eight weeks later, the dogs were sacrificed and the orientations of the supracrestal fibres were measured on projected images of standardised histological sections.

Results
The premolar teeth were rotated an average of 56 ± 13 degrees, and the released teeth relapsed by an average of 12 ±4 degrees in eight weeks (i.e. 24 ±4 per cent). No statistically significant difference was detected in the orientations of the supracrestal fibres attached to the retained and released teeth, which remained distorted in the direction of rotation (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
The findings suggest that factors other than straightening of the supracrestal fibres may be responsible for relapse of rotated teeth.
Coating failure of commercial orthodontic magnets and DNA fragmentation of oral mucosa cells
Authors: Abdel-Kader Hussam M. , Aref Mohamed I. , Hussein Farouk A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate possible adverse effects of orthodontic magnets on the oral mucosa.

Methods
Twenty orthodontic patients, between 14 and 20 years of age, were used. All patients consented to participate in the trial, which ran for six months. Following extraction of the first premolars, samarium-cobalt (SmCo5) orthodontic magnets were used to move the upper right canines into the extraction spaces. The contralateral canines were retracted with elastomeric chain. The orthodontic appliance consisted of direct-bonded standard edgewise fibreglass brackets and molar tubes, and teflon-coated preformed archwires. At regular scheduled visits the following were recorded: the condition of the protective magnet coating; weight loss by the magnets; levels of nickel, iron and chromium ions in unstimulated saliva; viability of recovered oral mucosa cells with trypan blue. DNA fragmentation of the oral mucosa cells was analysed at the start of the trial, after one week, one month, three months and six months with the single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet assay). The elemental compositions of five magnets were assessed with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis.

Results
By the third month the magnets had lost their protective resin coats. At six months the magnets had lost 3 per cent of their initial weights. Significant weight loss and raised saliva levels of nickel, iron and chromium ions occurred from the first week. The number of oral mucosa cells with DNA fragmentation increased steadily on both sides of the mouth from the first week. More DNA fragmented cells occurred on the Magnet side than on the Non-magnet side. The trial was discontinued when half of the subjects showed DNA damaged mucosal cells.

Conclusions
Because the protective coating failed after a few weeks, orthodontic magnets are unsuitable for long-term intra-oral use. It is uncertain if the greater cell damage on the Magnet side was due to the corrosion products, proximity to the static magnetic field or both factors.
The construct of Aesthetic Relational Knowing: a scale to describe the perceptive capacity of psychotherapists in therapeutic situations
Authors: Lobb Margherita Spagnuolo 
Published: December 2023

Summary
This paper presents and contextualizes the construct of Aesthetic Relational Knowing (ARK), as the intuitive experience of the therapist that emerges from the phenomenological field created in a meeting between therapist and client. The concept of isomorphism is considered as an epistemological turning point and a possible bridge connecting Gestalt therapy, Gestalt theory and Neurosciences. An example of the clinical consequences of this change of perspective is given. Moreover, a validation pilot study has shown that ARK is described by three factors: empathy, resonance and bodily awareness. The ARK can be defined as a three-dimensional construct that supports the positive use of the therapist’s perception in terms of aesthetic knowing of the phenomenological field of the therapeutic situation. The construct of Aesthetic Relational Knowing can be considered a phenomenological, aesthetic and field-oriented contribution to psychotherapy training, supervision and research.
Science of perception for design: the view of Walter Gropius
Authors: Sinico Michele 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses the theories underlying Walter Gropius’ conception of science. Starting with “Is There a Science of Design?” written by Gropius in 1947, the influences of Ganzheitspsychologie and the New Look on Perception are traced. In particular, the contribution of Earl C. Kelley is analyzed. Subsequently, Gropius’ phenomenological approach, insights on expressive qualities, and the relationship between man- environment are discussed. Finally, the influences of Gestalt theory and spiritualistic psychology on Gropius’s conception of science and perception are outlined.
Transfer Function for a Controllable Pitch Propeller with Added Water Mass
Authors: Leshchev Volodimir , Maslov Igor , Palagin Oleksandr , Naydyonov Andrii 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The relevance of this study lies in the fact that it presents a mathematical model of the dynamics of the propulsion system of a ship that takes into consideration the mass of water added to it. The influence of this phenomenon on the resonant frequencies of the propeller shaft is examined, and a transfer function for a controllable-pitch propeller is obtained for various operating modes. The purpose of the study is to improve the calculation of the dynamic operating modes of a controllable-pitch propeller by examining the features of a visual models. The VisSim software package is used in the study. A visual model is developed that considers the influence of the rotational speed on the value of the rotational inertia attached to the variable-pitch screw of the mass of water, and a special transfer function is proposed. The study shows that a transfer function of this type has a loop enabling negative feedback. An analysis of the operation of the propeller shaft at its resonant frequency is conducted based on the application of frequency characteristics using the transfer functions obtained. We show that in the low-frequency region, a consideration of the added rotational inertia using the proposed transfer function leads to a significant difference compared to the result obtained with the existing calculation method.
Penggunaan E-Commerce, Sistem Informasi Akuntansi, Budaya Organisasi, dan Kinerja UMKM
Authors: Dewi Dewa Ayu Sri Laksmi , Damayanthi I Gusti Ayu Eka 
Published: December 2023

Performance describes the success of business entities, especially Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The research aims to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of the use of e-commerce, accounting information systems, and organizational culture on the performance of MSMEs in Denpasar City. The research population is MSMEs that use e-commerce in Denpasar City with a total population of 665 business units. The sampling method uses probability sampling with simple random sampling technique. The number of samples is 100 samples. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires and analyzed using the SEM-PLS tool. The results showed that the use of e-commerce, accounting information systems, and organizational culture had a positive and significant effect on the performance of SMEs.
Keywords: E-Commerce; Accounting Information System; Organizational Culture; MSMEs Performance.