bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RACISM IN RESEARCH ON OLDER MIGRANTS AND ETHNO-RACIAL MINORITIES: INSIGHTS FROM TWO SCOPING REVIEWS
Authors: Torres Sandra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study of ethno-racialized minorities used to be primarily the domain of American social gerontologists. Meta-analyses of this scholarship have shown that this research has so far been characterized by two sets of practices: it engages in racialization but vaguely acknowledges racism, and it seems inequality-obsessed but justice-oblivious. Some gerontologists have therefore argued that the scholarly imagination that informs inquiries on older ethno-racialized minorities needs to be expanded, and that one way to do this could entail taking cues from European migration scholars’ inquiries on aging and old age. These scholars place the social position that is migrancy (rather than ethnicity and/or race) at the center of their scholarly imagination. This presentation presents the results of a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature published between 1990-2022 that focuses specifically on how the literature on older migrants engages with racism (since literature on older ethno-racialized minorities was in focus in another scoping review; 1998-2017). The review shows that although scholarship on older migrants recognizes that these axes of oppression could have an impact in their life-courses, empirical inquiries on the ways in which older people experience such oppression are still quite rare. The presentation will juxtapose the results of both scoping reviews in order to argue that our failure to inquire into older migrants’, and older ethno-racialized minorities’ experiences of racism impedes us from furthering our understanding of how the social positions that are ethnicity, race and migrancy impact (on their own and together) people’s experiences of aging and old age.
DESIGN, DELIVERY, AND EVALUATION OF DYADIC INTERVENTIONS WITH OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Lyons Karen , Johnson Kalisha Bonds 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With increasing evidence of the interpersonal context of health and illness, there is growing interest in interventions that target the needs of the family care dyad. Yet, there are often specific challenges to the design, delivery and evaluation of dyadic interventions that are not often disseminated. This session includes four papers that will discuss the benefits (but also challenges and lessons learned) of four different dyadic interventions targeted at older adults and their care partners in both cognitive impairment and chronic illness contexts. First, Dr. Rashelle Hoffman and colleagues will present results from focus groups with rural MCI care dyads that inform the adaptation of an existing efficacious telerehabilitation physical activity intervention (TPAB). Second, Dr. Glenna Brewster and colleagues will discuss recruitment and delivery challenges, and the benefits of a pilot behavioral sleep intervention for adults with cognitive impairment and their care partners. Third, Dr. Lyndsey Miller and colleagues will report the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of a program to support preparation for future care needs and improved well-being in care dyads living with dementia. Finally, Dr. Karen Lyons and colleagues will present findings from a pilot communication-based intervention for couples living with heart failure. The presentation will discuss the individual versus dyadic benefits of the program and challenges related to recruitment and retention. Speakers and Discussant, Dr. Kalisha Bonds Johnson, will share challenges and best-practices in designing, delivering, and evaluating interventions to optimize the health and well-being of the older adult care dyad.
BEHAVIOR CHANGE TECHNIQUES IN PERSONS WITH MCI AND MD AND THEIR CARE PARTNERS: A REPORT OF AN ORAL HEALTH INTERVENTION
Authors: Bryant Ashley , Cho Youngmin , caiola courtney , Bailey Donald , Plassman Brenda , Wu Bei , Anderson Ruth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older adults with cognitive impairment are likely to experience a decline in oral health and hygiene, which can have profound negative impacts such as cavities, gum disease and tooth loss. Poor oral health is also linked to adverse health outcomes including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and aspiration pneumonia. Despite these factors, inadequate oral hygiene practices provided by formal and informal care partners may contribute to poor oral hygiene. In this study, we aimed to improve oral hygiene outcomes (plaque index and gingival index) for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia (MD) by fostering behavior changes among care partners trained to assist them. We identified and compared active behavior change techniques (BCT) used in a care partner-assisted oral health intervention for individuals with MCI and MD using a qualitative, secondary analysis of coaching sessions with care partners (n=17 dyads: 10 dyads for MCI, 7 dyads for MD). Frequently used BCTs in both MCI and MD groups were prompts and cues, instruction on how to perform the behavior, review behavioral goal, and problem solving. Common BCTs were found across both MCI and MD groups that provide clarity on the active components for behavior change. Social support-unspecified emerged for MCI group and credible source emerged for MD group. In this intervention, BCTs were focused on oral health, however BCTs can assist in addressing multiple types of behavior change. Findings from this study provide insight into the mechanisms of changes in individuals’ behaviors using these interventions.
THE ROLE OF MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND MARITAL STATUS ON LONELINESS AND INTRUSIVE THOUGHTS IN DAILY LIFE
Authors: Van Bogart Karina , Engeland Christopher , Witzel Dakota , Graham-Engeland Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Loneliness is associated with maladaptive cognitions (e.g., rumination and intrusive thoughts) among young adults, but less is known about this association among older adults. Experiencing loneliness and intrusive thoughts throughout daily life may disrupt emotion regulation and increase risk for cognitive decline during later life. Moreover, social and cognitive factors, including marital status and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), may be protective or exacerbating factors that moderate these associations. For example, having close relationships (e.g., being married) is associated with better mental health and overall well-being for older adults and intrusive thoughts have been associated with poorer cognitive performance. We used multilevel modeling to examine the association between momentary loneliness and intrusive thoughts among older adults and whether MCI and marital status moderated this association. Participants were 316 diverse older adults without dementia (40% Black; 13% Hispanic, mean age = 77.45 years, 67% women) living in the Bronx, NY who completed ecological momentary assessments 5 times daily for 14 consecutive days. There was a significant three-way interaction (β = -0.175, p &lt; 0.05) such that the association between momentary loneliness and intrusive thoughts was strongest for those with MCI who were not married and weakest for those with MCI who were married. Covariates included race/ethnicity, years of education, age, and gender. These findings suggest that for those who have MCI, being married may be a protective factor against moments of loneliness and intrusive thoughts. For those who are not married, tailoring interventions to accommodate MCI status may be worthwhile.
NOVEL APPROACHES AND OUTCOMES TO INVESTIGATE RECOVERY AND MOBILITY IN HIP FRACTURE PATIENTS
Authors: Jansen Carl-Philipp 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hip fracture is the most frequent non-intentional injury of older persons leading to hospital admission in North America and Europe. Failure to fully recover and regain pre-fracture function and mobility is considered the single most important disability symptom experienced by hip fracture patients; severe detrimental effects on older adults’ physical, mental, and psychosocial health are reported. Being able to move back and live independently at home is seen as one of the most important aspects of recovery. However, at present, mere survival and care home admission are still the predominant reported outcomes in the recovery and rehabilitation phase. Only limited attention has been given to outcomes such as days at home or mobility performance in everyday life. At the same time, aspects of mobility recovery grounded in patients’ experience have not been addressed appropriately so far. Against this background, this symposium brings together research endeavours from Europe and North America, presenting novel approaches to investigate and disentangle trajectories of hip fracture recovery in older adults. In the first two talks, healthy days at home are investigated as central outcome after hip fracture with two different foci: the contribution of cognitive impairment to sex-based differences in recovery, and pre- vs. post-fracture development. The last two talks investigate mobility in hip fracture patients, again with two foci: results of real-world sensor-based mobility performance are presented and compared against patient-reported outcomes, and a conceptual framework of walking was developed based on a systematic review on patients’ walking experience.
IMPACT OF SEX AND ADRD ON DAYS SPENT AT HOME AFTER HIP FRACTURE AMONG OLDER MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES
Authors: Orwig Denise , Mutchie Heather , Gruber-Baldini Ann , Johnson Abree , Magaziner Jay , Falvey Jason 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Men recovering from hip fracture tend to have poorer health and outcomes compared to women. Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias (ADRD), which is differentially recognized between the sexes, is one potential factor contributing to these differences. Data were drawn from 2010-2017 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 years and older who survived hospitalization for hip fracture. Our primary outcome was days alive and at home (DAAH) which subtracts from 365 the number of days in a hospital and/or rehabilitation facility, nursing home, emergency department or hospital observation, and days not alive (index fracture admission day to date of death, if applicable). Multivariable Poisson regressions were adjusted for demographics, injury severity, chronic disease burden, and hospital-level fixed effects, to model the association between DAAH and ADRD in the 12 months post hip fracture, with an interaction term for sex and ADRD status. Among survivors, males with ADRD spent a mean of 160.7 DAAH compared to 228.4 for males without ADRD, 177.8 for females with ADRD and 248.0 for females without ADRD. In adjusted analyses, males without ADRD spent 8.2% fewer DAAH compared to females (rate ratio (RR)=0.92, 95% CI 0.92-0.92). This sex difference increased significantly when comparing those living with ADRD, with males spending an additional 3.3% fewer DAAH (interaction RR=0.96, 95% CI 0.96-0.97). Males spend fewer DAAH after hip fracture than females and males with ADRD have the fewest DAAH. This suggests that cognitive impairment may be a small but significant contributor to sex-based differences observed during hip fracture recovery.
PROFILES OF TWO COHORTS OF NEAR-CENTENARIANS AND CENTENARIANS: FINDINGS FROM HONG KONG CENTENARIAN STUDY 1 AND 2
Authors: Lau Bobo Hi-po 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hong Kong launched its first centenarian study in 2011 when there were just over 3,600 centenarians, and subsequently, the second phase in 2021/22 when the population of centenarians tripled. Both studies investigated the multidimensional well-being of local older adults of Chinese ethnicity aged 95 or above (near centenarians and centenarians, NCCs). A comparison of the two cohorts of community dwelling NCCs who lived with their family (2011: N=77; 2021/22: N=151) indicates a substantial drop in sensory functions (2011 vs 2021/22: intact vision: 94.8% vs 40.4%; intact hearing: 93.5% vs 53.6%), social activities (weekly or more: 48.1% vs 40.4%), outdoor activities (weekly or more: 75.3% vs 45.3%), and independence in activities of daily living (ADL) (no. of dependent task: 0.79 vs 2.79). Although the prevalence of comorbidities was comparable (Charlson age-adjusted comorbidity index: Mean = 2.7 vs 3.5), the frailty and pre-frailty was considerably more common in the 2021/22 cohort (55.3%; 39.0%) than the 2011 cohort (50.6%; 23.4%). We also found disparate predictors for health evaluations. Among the 2011 cohort, being male and having better psychological well-being were related to more favorable assessments of health compared to their peers. Among the 2021/22 cohort, favorable peer-compared health assessments were related to fewer ADL dependent tasks, better psychological well-being, higher age and being female. Despite the impact by COVID on the 2021/22 cohort, our findings alert policy makers and practitioners worldwide to the growing number of community-dwelling adults of advanced age with considerable personal care and health needs.
COMMUNITY COLLABORATOR AND OLDER ADULT EXPERIENCES WITH INTERVENTIONS DELIVERED BY OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Crawford Nicole , Gum Amber , Schonfeld Lawrence 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This symposium will include researchers, collaborators from healthcare and social service organizations, and older adults serving as volunteer coaches or peer educators; speakers will describe their experiences conducting two randomized controlled trials involving behavioral interventions for older adults delivered by older adults. The first trial is a NIMH-funded three-site RCT for community-dwelling older adults with symptoms of depression, in which participants receive behavioral activation delivered by a masters-level clinician or a streamlined version (“Do More, Feel Better”) delivered by an older adult volunteer. This trial involves close collaboration with senior centers and an Area Agency on Aging (AAA). The second trial is a PCORI-funded RCT to reduce health disparities for Black/African-American and Hispanic/Latino older adults after medical hospitalization, in which participants receive the evidence-based Care Transitions Intervention (CTI), CTI plus a peer educator intervention, or usual care. This trial involves close collaboration with three regional hospital systems and an AAA. First, research investigators will describe the background, rationale, and methodology of each trial. Second, two representatives from the collaborating organizations (one from each trial) will present about their experiences collaborating on these trials – benefits of collaborating, challenges and strategies for overcoming challenges, and recommendations for other researchers engaged in similar community-based research. Third, two representatives from the older adult volunteers and peer educators (one from each trial) will present about their experiences collaborating on these trials – benefits of collaborating, challenges and strategies for overcoming challenges, and recommendations for other researchers engaged in similar community-based research.
AGING SERVICE AND HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATORS’ EXPERIENCE COLLABORATING ON INTERVENTION RESEARCH
Authors: McKay Mary Jo , Wilson Jason 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The next two speakers will present on the methods, benefits, and challenges of collaboration on the two RCTs described previously. One speaker is Nutrition and Wellness Manager for an aging service lead agency that oversees the county’s senior centers and nutrition sites. She and her team meet monthly with the study team for the depression trial and coordinate regularly to facilitate recruitment, intervention, outreach, and dissemination activities. One speaker is Division Chief for an academic medical center’s Division of Emergency Medicine, where he oversees collaboration on the hospital trial. Each speaker will discuss benefits of collaboration, including expanding services offered by their organization to older adults, enhancing relationships with other community organizations, and contributing to an evidence base that could impact nationwide service delivery. Each speaker will also discuss challenges that have arisen during the two trials and strategies being used to address challenges. One challenge has been recruitment. For the depression trial, the collaborators meet monthly to review recruitment progress and identify new strategies, such as a countywide phone line, connecting with other aging service organizations, and attending in-person events. For the hospital trial, research coordinators have been embedded into each hospital with primary responsibilities for using EHR and working with hospital staff to identify and enroll participants. As a result, both trials are meeting recruitment targets thus far. Other issues that have benefited from close collaboration involve COVID-19 adaptations, technical support to older adults participating in the interventions virtually, and engaging older adult volunteers and peer educators.
FUNCTIONAL WELLNESS AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH HIV/AIDS: BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO HEALTH AND LONGEVITY
Authors: Robinson Erin , Perkins Molly , Brennan-Ing Mark 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the United States, older adults make up over half of all people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). Today, this population is living longer and healthier lives due to advancements in HIV treatment. However, older adults living with HIV (OALWH) present a unique set of challenges as they face aging-related health considerations that intersect with their HIV status. This symposium brings together leading researchers in the field of HIV and aging, to highlight the complexity of this topic and present innovative research that examines the overall health and well-being of OALWH. Our first presentation is a qualitative inquiry into barriers to successful aging that are shared between older women and men living with HIV/AIDS, as well as differences. Our second presentation used a latent health profile model to identify subgroups of PLWH who had been discharged from a short-term skilled nursing facility (SNF). The goal of this research was to identify risk for institutional admission following their SNF stay. Our third presentation examined age-varying cognitive impairment among a sample of PLWH, people who use methamphetamines, and meth-negative/seronegative individuals to determine whether social relationships meditate the complex associations between meth use and cognitive impairment for PLWH and without HIV. And finally, our fourth presentation examined perspectives on weight change and body image among PLWH and the extent to which age and gender have an impact on those attitudes. Findings from this symposium demonstrates the complexity of what it means to be an OALWH and the various considerations for their well-being. This is a HIV, AIDS and Older Adults Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
BARRIERS TO SUCCESSFUL AGING AMONG OLDER WOMEN AND MEN LIVING WITH HIV
Authors: Rubtsova Anna , Taylor Tonya , Wingood Gina , Ofotokun Ighovwerha , Gustafson Deborah , Vance David , Jeste Dilip , Moore David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study identified and compared barriers to successful aging (SA) among older women and men living with HIV. Participants were recruited through 1) the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), Atlanta and Brooklyn sites; and 2) the HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program at the University of California, San Diego. Our sample included 31 participants living with HIV: 17 women and 14 men, ages 52 to 73 years, 58% African American. We conducted semi-structured interviews, exploring SA with HIV. The interviews (~90 minutes long) were audio recorded, fully transcribed, and imported into MAXQDA software for analysis. Thematic and comparative analyses were conducted within a social-constructivist framework. We uncovered several themes related to SA barriers that were shared by women and men: challenging chronic conditions, stigmas, substance use, and lack of resources. We also found differences. While men stressed dreading old age and loneliness, women emphasized stress and ‘giving up’ as barriers to SA.
LATENT HEALTH PROFILES ASSOCIATED WITH INSTITUTIONAL ADMISSION AFTER SNF STAY AMONG MEDICARE PLWH
Authors: Olivieri-Mui Brianne , Shi Sandra , McCarthy Ellen , Oh Gahee , Kim Dae Hyun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Health profiles may help identify PLWH at risk for institutional admission after a short-term skilled nursing facility (SNF) stay.

Methods
We estimated rates of institutional admission in one-year follow-up after discharge from a SNF stay (&lt;100 days) among Medicare FFS beneficiaries with HIV (2014-2019). Latent profile analysis identified subgroups based on prevalent conditions one year prior to discharge including 8 indices: mental health (MH range 0-6), substance use (SU 0-4), cardiovascular conditions (CV 0-9), sensory (SE 0-4), musculoskeletal (MU 0-10), pulmonary (PU 0-2), learning disabilities (LD 0-9), and other chronic conditions (OCC 0-11). Cox models estimated the association between latent profiles and time to institution admission (hospital, nursing home), adjusting for demographics, dual eligibility, HIV treatment; censoring included death and study end.

Results
The 618 PLWH studied were male (73%), with mean age 60 (standard deviation [sd] 11). Two latent health profiles were: CV+OCC+MH (n=77), median values CV=3, OCC=2, MH=1; healthy (n=541), median 0 for all. Compared to the healthy group, the CV+OCC+MH group had similar days spent in an institute (60 days [96] vs 66 days [96]), and similar hazards for institutional admission in adjusted models (HR:1.09, 95% CI [0.81-1.46]) in one-year after SNF discharge. HIV treatment for ≥80% of the time prior to discharge had lower hazards (HR:0.76 [0.59-0.98]) and dual eligibility had higher hazards (HR:1.32 [1.09, 1.61]) of returning to an institutional setting.

Conclusions
Latent profiles had similar risk for institutional admission in one-year after discharge from a SNF stay, despite having significantly different contributing factors.
THE IMPACT OF AGING ON ATTITUDES TOWARD WEIGHT CHANGE AND BODY IMAGE AMONG ADULTS LIVING WITH HIV
Authors: Kaufman Jennifer , Wu Yiyi , Manalel Jasmine , Fusaris Ethan , Correa Arlene , Ernst Jerome , Brennan-Ing Mark 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Some newer HIV antiretroviral therapy regimens have been associated with weight gain in populations at risk for obesity. This study examined perspectives on weight change and body image among people living with HIV and the extent to which age and gender have an impact on those attitudes. We conducted interviews with 61 individuals in a Medicaid managed care plan. The age range was 23 to 65 years; 49% were aged 50 or older. The sample was 56% non-Hispanic Black and 31% Hispanic. About half were cisgender men, 36% were cisgender women, and 13% were transgender/nonbinary individuals. Many participants had weight gain they associated with HIV medications. While experiences varied widely, we found that older and younger participants offered some different perspectives. Younger people, including transgender individuals, more often welcomed weight gain, associating it with better health. Participants aged 50 and older sometimes saw weight gain as a natural part of aging, and spoke of acceptance, whereas younger participants tended to focus on their appearance. Among those with unwanted weight gain, older participants expressed concerns about its negative effect on mobility and comorbid health conditions. Some older women in particular struggled with improving their diets. Healthcare providers should consider these different perspectives and the various challenges individuals face associated with age when advising patients with HIV about weight management. For providers working with older patients with HIV, specific considerations of how increased weight affects mobility and risk for comorbid conditions are warranted.