bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptability and Feasibility of FAMS-T1D mHealth intervention to optimize self- &amp; social regulation for emerging adults with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Mayberry Lindsay S. , Wiebe Deborah , Parks Makenzie , Campbell MaryJane , Beam Aislinn , Berg Cynthia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Among emerging adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D), self-regulation and social regulation skills can help avoid high A1c and diabetes distress. FAMS (Family/friend Activation to Motivate Self-care) is mobile phone-delivered intervention that supports development of these skills and is efficacious among adults with type 2 diabetes. However, the acceptability and feasibility of the FAMS intervention among emerging adults with T1D is unknown.
Methods
Therefore, we adapted FAMS for in a new disease context and developmental stage then conducted a 3-month mixed-methods pre-post pilot study. Participants were emerging adults with T1D and a friend/family member enrolled as a support person (optional). Feasibility/acceptability outcomes and associated progression thresholds were recruitment (≥ 70% eligible emerging adults), retention (≥ 85%), intervention engagement (≥ 70%) and satisfaction (≥ 70%). We also collected qualitative feedback to determine if the intervention addressed relevant needs and explored changes in outcomes of interest (family/friend involvement, self-efficacy, self-management, distress, A1c).
Results
Recruitment rates indicate recruitment of emerging adults with T1D and their support persons is feasible – 79% of emerging adults who screened as eligible enrolled and 70% of enrolled emerging adults invited a support person. Emerging adults completed 98% of coaching sessions, and response rates to automated text messages were median 85% IQR [68%, 90%]. Changes in selected measures for outcomes of interest were in expected directions suggesting sensitivity to changes occasioned by the intervention in a future evaluative trial. Emerging adults said FAMS-T1D helped with setting realistic goals, motivated them to prioritize diabetes goals, and increased support, indicating acceptability of the intervention in this new disease and developmental context.
Conclusions
Findings suggest potential for FAMS-T1D to engage emerging adults and their support persons and feasibility for evaluation of effects on hypothesized intervention targets and outcomes in a subsequent evaluative trial.
Trial Registration:
We did not register this study on clinicaltrials.gov because the purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and study procedures and measures in preparation for a future trial. The purpose of that future trial will be to evaluate the effect of the intervention on health-related biomedical and behavioral outcomes and that trial will be registered accordingly.
Novel brain-penetrant inhibitor of G9a methylase blocks Alzheimer’s disease proteopathology for precision medication
Authors: Chen Xian , Xie Ling , Sheehy Ryan , Xiong Yan , Muneer Adil , Wrobel John , Park Kwang-Su , Liu Jing , Velez Julia , Luo Yanjia , Li Ya-Dong , Quintanilla Luis , Li Yongyi , Xu Chongchong , Wen Zhexing , Song Juan , Jin Jian , Deshmukh Mohanish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Current amyloid beta-targeting approaches for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) therapeutics only slow cognitive decline for small numbers of patients. This limited efficacy exists because AD is a multifactorial disease whose pathological mechanism(s) and diagnostic biomarkers are largely unknown. Here we report a new mechanism of AD pathogenesis in which the histone methyltransferase G9a noncanonically regulates translation of a hippocampal proteome that defines the proteopathic nature of AD. Accordingly, we developed a novel brain-penetrant inhibitor of G9a, MS1262, across the blood-brain barrier to block this G9a-regulated, proteopathologic mechanism. Intermittent MS1262 treatment of multiple AD mouse models consistently restored both cognitive and noncognitive functions to healthy levels. Comparison of proteomic/phosphoproteomic analyses of MS1262-treated AD mice with human AD patient data identified multiple pathological brain pathways that elaborate amyloid beta and neurofibrillary tangles as well as blood coagulation, from which biomarkers of early stage of AD including SMOC1 were found to be affected by MS1262 treatment. Notably, these results indicated that MS1262 treatment may reduce or avoid the risk of blood clot burst for brain bleeding or a stroke. This mouse-to-human conservation of G9a-translated AD proteopathology suggests that the global, multifaceted effects of MS1262 in mice could extend to relieve all symptoms of AD patients with minimum side effect. In addition, our mechanistically derived biomarkers can be used for stage-specific AD diagnosis and companion diagnosis of individualized drug effects.
Neural waves and computation in a neural net model I: Convolutional hierarchies
Authors: Selesnick Stephen Allan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The computational resources of a neuromorphic network model introduced earlier are investi-gated in the context of such hierarchical systems as the mammalian visual cortex. It is argued that a form of ubiquitous spontaneous local convolution, driven by spontaneously arising wave-like activity—which itself promotes local Hebbian modulation—enables logical gate-like neural motifs to form into hierarchical feed-forward structures of the Hubel-Wiesel type. Extra-synaptic eﬀects are shown to play a signiﬁcant rˆole in these processes. The type of logic that emerges is not Boolean, conﬁrming and extending earlier ﬁndings on the logic of schizophrenia.
A self-report version of the Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury II (WISCI): a psychometric study.
Authors: Harvey Lisa , Ben Marsha , Tamburella Federica , Lorusso Matteo , Glinsky Joanne , Tranter Keira , Scivoletto Giorgio , Blecher Lynn , Harris Anneliese , Galeoto Giovanni , Wan Joshua , Harvey Lisa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
To develop a self-report version of the Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury II (WISCI II) and to test its reliability and validity.
Study design:
Psychometric study.
Setting:
Spinal cord injury rehabilitation centres in Australia and Italy.
Participants:
Eighty people with spinal cord injuries were recruited from a sample of convenience.
Methods
Two self-report versions of the WISCI II were developed. Both were administered through an online platform. The format of the first self-report version (SR-V1) was very similar to the original face-to-face WISCI II. The second self-report version (SR-V2) had more questions, but each question required participants to focus on only one aspect of their walking at a time. Participants completed SR-V1 and SR-V2 with assistance from research staff on two separate occasions, three to seven days apart. The original WISCI II was then administered through a face-to-face assessment by an independent physiotherapist. The intra-rater reliability and validity of SR-V1 and SR-V2 were determined with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and percent close agreements.
Results
The validity and reliability of the two WISCI II self-report versions were very similar, with SR-V2 performing slightly better than SR-V1. The ICC (95% confidence interval) of SR-V2 was 0.87 (0.81–0.92) with repeat measurements being within 3 points of each other 84% of the time. The ICC reflecting the agreement between the self-report and the face-to-face WISCI was 0.89 (0.84–0.93).
Conclusion
Both versions of the self-report WISCI II provide a reasonable substitute for a face-to-face assessment although therapists expressed a preference for SR-V2.
Experimental and numerical impact behavior of fully carbon fiber sandwiches for different core types
Authors: BOZKURT ilyas , KAMAN Mete Onur , ALBAYRAK Mustafa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The aim of this study is to experimentally and numerically examine the impact strength and damage mechanisms of sandwich composites consisting entirely of fiber reinforced composites for different core geometries. For this purpose, firstly, composite sandwich plates with egg box, lattice and square plate core structures were produced. Low-velocity impact tests were carried out by dropping impactors with hemispherical geometry onto the resulting sandwich structure with three different core geometries, and the effect of the core shape on impact strength was determined. For comparison, the cell width and height of these three different types of core were chosen to be similar. In addition, progressive damage analysis with the finite element method was applied. For this purpose, the MAT-162 material model, which provides three-dimensional progressive damage analysis in composite materials and applies the Hashin Damage Criterion, was preferred to be used in the LS-DYNA® program. When specific loads are compared using a square core specimen under the same conditions, it can be said that the contact force of the egg box structure is higher. While the striker rebounded from the square core at the same impact energy, it pierced the sandwich structure in the egg box and completely damaged the lattice core structure.
Influences of tobacco straw return with lime on microbial community structure of tobacco-planting soil and tobacco leaf quality
Authors: jiang chaoqiang , zu chaolong , Riaz Muhammad , li ch , zhu qifa , Xia hao , dong qing , Shen Jia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Soil amendment is an important strategy to improve soil quality and crop yield. During 2014–2019, we investigated the effects of tobacco straw return with lime on soil nutrients, soil microbial community structure, tobacco leaf yield and quality in southern Anhui, China. A field experiment was conducted in four treatments: straw removed (CK), straw return (St), straw return with dolomite (St + D), and straw return with lime (St + L). Results showed that after five years of continuous treatment, the St + L significantly increased the soil pH by 16.9%, and the contents of soil alkaline nitrogen (N) and available potassium (K) by 17.2% and 23.0%, respectively, compared with the CK. Moreover, the St + L significantly increased tobacco leaf yield (24.0%) and the appearance (9.1%) and sensory (5.9%) quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. The addition of soil conditioners (straw, dolomite, and lime) resulted in an increase in both the total reads and effective sequences of soil microorganisms. Bacterial diversity was found to be more sensitive to changes in the external environment compared to soil fungi. The application of soil amendments (lime and straw) has been shown to promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. Additionally, bacterial species face greater competition and limited availability of resources for survival compared to fungi. Various analytical techniques, such as RDA, correlation analysis, and network analysis, were employed to investigate this finding: soil microorganisms are significantly influenced by the presence of AK, AN and pH contents. These findings can provide an effective method for improving the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves and guiding the amelioration of acidic soil in regions where tobacco-rice rotation is practiced.
Coherence of a field-gradient-driven singlet-triplet qubit coupled to many-electron spin states in 28Si/SiGe
Authors: Kim Dohun , Song Younguk , Yun Jonginn , Kim Jehyun , Jang Wonjin , Jang Hyeongyu , Park Jaemin , Cho Min-Kyun , Sohn Hanseo , Usami Noritaka , Miyamoto Satoru , Itoh Kohei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Engineered spin-electric coupling enables spin qubits in semiconductor nanostructures to be manipulated efficiently and addressed individually. While synthetic spin-orbit coupling using a micromagnet is widely used for driving qubits based on single spins in silicon, corresponding demonstration for encoded spin qubits is so far limited to natural silicon. Here, we demonstrate fast singlet-triplet qubit oscillation (~100 MHz) in a gate-defined double quantum dot in 28Si/SiGe with an on-chip micromagnet with which we show the oscillation quality factor of an encoded spin qubit exceeding 580. The coherence time T2* is analyzed as a function of potential detuning and an external magnetic field. In weak magnetic fields, the coherence is limited by fast noise compared to the data acquisition time, which limits T2* < 1 μs in the ergodic limit. We present evidence of sizable and coherent coupling of the qubit with the spin states of a nearby quantum dot, demonstrating that appropriate spin-electric coupling may enable a charge-based two-qubit gate in a (1,1) charge configuration.
MRI apparent diffusion coefficient as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhuliang Qian , Lifeng Xie , Zhiqin Gao , Guowei Wang , Ming Zhan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: To assess MRI apparent diffusion coefficient as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.
Methods: 94 patients with osteosarcoma confirmed by surgical pathology in our hospital from September 2019 to September 2021 were selected as the research objects. All the research objects underwent magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging and multi-slice spiral CT. The results of surgical pathology were used as the comparison standard. The apparent diffusion coefficient and image signs of multi-slice spiral CT in all patients were analyzed, and the application value of MRI apparent diffusion coefficient combined with multi-slice spiral CT in differentiating osteosarcoma was analyzed by area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROC).
Results: after treatment, the ADC value of the two groups was significantly higher than that before treatment, and the ADC value of the effective group was significantly higher than that of the ineffective group (P < 0.05); The coincidence rate of combined diagnosis was 97.26%, which was significantly higher than that of ADC and MSCT (P<0.05); The diagnostic efficacy of combined diagnosis of benign and malignant osteosarcoma was: sensitivity 95.61%, specificity 86.52%, accuracy 93.67%, positive detection rate 96.39%, negative detection rate 86.44%. The diagnostic efficacy of combined diagnosis was significantly higher than that of single diagnosis (P<0.05). The area under ROC curve AUC of combined diagnosis of benign and malignant osteosarcoma was 0.861 (95% CI: 0.853 ~ 0.948); In the combined diagnosis results, 62 cases (87.33), 2 cases (2.82), 1 case (1.41), 1 case (1.41), 1 case (1.41), 3 cases (5.63), 1 case (1.41) and 2 cases (2.82) were common type, 2 cases (2.82) were intramedullary well differentiated type, 1 case (1.41) of high-grade bone surface type, 3 cases (5.63), 1 case (1.41) of periosteal type and 2 cases (2.82) of paracortical type. The coincidence rate of the combined diagnosis results was significantly higher than that of ADC and MSCT (P; The accuracy of ADC value combined with MSCT in the diagnosis of different types of osteosarcoma was 100.00%, 100.00%, 50.00%, 100.00%, 100.00% and 100.00% respectively, which was partially higher than that of single diagnosis (P<0.05).
Conclusion: MRI apparent diffusion coefficient combined with multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of osteosarcoma has high sensitivity and specificity, can significantly improve the clinical diagnostic efficiency, and provide reference materials for the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma.
Angiogenin-mediated tsRNAs control inflammation and metabolic disorder by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: He Bin , Cai Jiangxue , Li Chenxuan , Liu Suyuan , Tan Meiling , Sun Xiaoxiao , Yang Miaoxin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The cellular stress response system in immune cells plays a crucial role in regulating the development of inflammatory diseases. In response to cellular damage or microbial infection, the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome induces pyroptosis and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, Angiogenin (Ang)-mediated tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) promote cell survival under stressful conditions. While both tsRNAs and inflammasomes are induced under stress conditions, the interplay between these two systems and their implications in regulating inflammatory diseases remains poorly understood. In this study, it was demonstrated that Ang deficiency exacerbated sodium arsenite-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis. Moreover, Ang-induced 5'-tsRNAs specifically inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Mechanistically, 5'-tsRNAs recruits DDX3X protein into stress granules (SGs), consequently inhibiting the interaction between DDX3X and NLRP3, thus leading to the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In addition, in vivo results showed that Ang deficiency led to the downregulation of tsRNAs, which resulted in the amplification of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation. This was proved in condition of lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation and type-2 diabetes-related inflammation. Overall, our study sheds new light on the role of Ang-induced 5'-tsRNAs in regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation via SGs, and highlights tsRNAs as a promising target for the treatment of NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases.
Beyond the Limit: The air pollution damages of overshooting temperature
Authors: Rodés-Bachs Clàudia , Reis Lara Aleluia , Drouet Laurent , Rafaj Peter , Tavoni Massimo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Outdoor air pollution is responsible for a substantial amount of premature deaths, severe illnesses, and economic damages. In 2019, according to the Global Burden Disease, it caused 4.505 million [3.625-5.364 95% CI] deaths. However, we can expect air pollution co-benefits from climate change mitigation policies in the next decades. Some scenarios revised by the recent IPCC AR6 report follow a new carbon budget design --- the net-zero pathways --- which avoids temperature overshoot. We examine if the net-zero pathways can consistently deliver improved air pollution outcomes. Here, we use a global source-receptor air pollution model to estimate concentrations and the health impacts and economic damages of climate mitigation scenarios.
Moreover, we sought to investigate the primary factors contributing to uncertainty in air pollution mortality and damages, as well as how they interact, with particular emphasis on the significance of non-overshooting scenarios.
We implement several relative risk functions to compute premature deaths and a set of air pollution damage functions. We conclude that stringent climate policies, keeping well below 2ºC, and net-zero pathways consistently improve the health and economic co-benefits and reduce the risk of extreme mortality outcomes.
Improvements are particularly important for China and India. These results are robust across several air pollution damage estimation methods and normative choices.
Globally, net-zero policies avoid 211 thousand [133-274 95% CI] premature deaths and 748 billion [724-766 95% CI] USD/2010 of damages relative to end-of-century in 2030.
Low Thermal Budget Electrically Active Thick Polysilicon for Post CMOS MEMS-Last Integration
Authors: Michael Aron , Chuang Ian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Low thermal budget electrically active thick polysilicon films are necessary for building Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) on top of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). But formation such polysilicon films have been challenging. Here we report in-situ phosphorus doped silicon films deposited at Ultra-High Vacuum (~10-9Torr) using Electron-beam Evaporation (UHVEE) enabling electrically active, fully crystallized, low stress and smooth thick polysilicon films at low thermal budget for the first time. The crystallographic, mechanical, and electrical properties of the phosphorus doped UHVEE polysilicon films have been studied. They are compared with intrinsic and boron doped UHVEE silicon films. Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) are used for crystallographic and surface morphology investigations. Wafer curvature, cantilever deflection profile and resonance frequency measurements are employed to study their mechanical properties. Resistivity measurements are conducted to investigate the electrical properties of the films. Highly vertical high aspect ratio micromachining of UHVEE polysilicon has been developed. A comb-drive structure as an actuator and inertial sensor, made of 20μm thick in-situ phosphorus doped UHVEE at a temperature less than 500oC, has been designed, simulated, fabricated and characterized. The results demonstrate that UHVEE polysilicon uniquely allows realization of mechanically and electrically functional MEMS devices at low thermal budget for the first time.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Plasma Gasification of Agricultural Waste
Authors: Ismail Tamer , El-Salam M. Abd , Ramzy Khaled 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Poultry farms and livestock complexes contribute a significant portion of agricultural waste (AW), mostly in the form of bird droppings and manure. The ecology suffers when a significant volume of such garbage is used in an unreasonable manner. Agriculture waste may be used to generate energy gas thanks to modern technology. The production of energy gas, mostly composed of synthesis gas (CO + H2), may be intensified by plasma processing of waste from the agro-industrial complex, and the gas productivity of a plasma gasifier can be increased by 150–200 times in comparison to biogas generators. Thermodynamic modelling of the AW plasma processing process is the focus of this study. Using the all-purpose thermodynamic calculations programme TERRA, the process of plasma processing of waste was analysed thermodynamically. TSC refers to manure, which is animal waste, in this work. Cow dung with a 30% moisture level is utilised as dry mixed manure for research. Thermodynamic calculations revealed that the high-calorific combustible gas generated by plasma gasification and AW pyrolysis had synthesis gas yields of 65.2 and 68.5%, respectively. No hazardous elements were found at the same time. The plasma gasifier will efficiently convert many kinds of AW into high-calorie energy gas, mostly composed of neutral slag and synthesis gas. A technical framework for the AW plasma processing method has been created. Depending on the AW's composition, the proposed plasma plant that executes this technique may produce up to 1.7 m3 of dry energy gas from 1 kilogramme. Its calorific value will fluctuate from 8500 to 9300 MJ/Nm3 concurrently. The energy gas will have the following composition, in volume percent: H2 − 35-39, CO − 29–31, CO2 − 4-6, N2 − 10-14, and H2O − 13–18. Such a gas may serve as the working fluid for a new breed of very efficient electric generators, including solid oxide fuel cells, or it can be utilised as a raw material for the synthesis of synthetic motor fuels like methanol and dimethyl ether.