bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interrelation of natural diversity with tourism in Kosovo
Authors: Humolli Fitim , Morar Cezar , Krasniqi Ferat , Bulliqi Shpejtim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The plant and animal wealth of a place, region, or state represents a significant component of the geographic-natural tourist offer. Tourist routes are concentrated specifically on areas with a variety of plants, rich vegetation, and diverse animal world. The Balkan Peninsula in general, and Kosovo in particular, is characterized by high geodiversity and biodiversity value. This feature can serve as an important recreational and tourism potential for Kosovo and, consequently, in sustainable tourism development. For this reason, this article deals with the content of natural diversity, the size and time of introduction of geo and biodiversity values under protection, and, above all, it brings arguments if the same contributed to the increase of tourist motivation for local and foreign tourists. Results were achieved using both quantitative and qualitative methods, with the latter being more effective in the lack of the formal system of data collection and tourism management in Kosovo. According to official statistics, protected areas (PAs) of Kosovo occupy roughly 12% of the total area (2021). There was a significant rise (8%), from 4.26 to 12.25% in 2003 in the last 20 years (2021). The study shows that this desirable level of representation did not attract enough tourists. Furthermore, it is argued that immediate reformation of policies is required for the management of natural diversity values of the country. In order to achieve this, the government must implement more comprehensive measures in order to manage PAs more intricately, where the interaction with tourism is a key issue and not just a simple one, as it has been up until now.
The pitfalls of near-mergers: A sociophonetic approach to near-demergers in the Malaga /θ/ vs /s/ split
Authors: Molina García Álvaro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The near-merger hypothesis has served to explain many situations where other explanations have not sufficed, including mainly those where apparently completed mergers have been reversed. However, the situation in the city of Malaga (Spain) calls for a critical review of the main pitfalls of this hypothesis and for a sociolinguistic reorganisation of sound change to allow for near-demergers. The present work focusses on the reversal of the coronal fricative /θ/ and /s/ merger (Casa ‘house’ = Caza ‘hunting’) that has been widely observed in Malaga. Acoustic-perceptual analysis of the realisations of 54 speakers reveals that a completed phonological merger can, in fact, revert and that acoustic cues do not necessarily indicate a near-merger.
Application of IoT network for marine wildlife surveillance
Authors: Kumar Arun , Chakravarthy Sumit , Nanthaamornphong Aziz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Every day of the week, wireless communication is almost all around us. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a standard protocol used to describe the rapidly advancing technology in which almost every electronic device is or may be connected to the Internet. These electronic gadgets constantly provide data signals to the gateways, which satellites such as those in Low Earth Orbit may transmit. Because of these networks’ limited resources and the IoT, these transactions must be completed with the least amount of latency and data loss possible. We also analyze the performance implications of implementing RF-based powering for such a network. The techniques presented in this paper may benefit the scientific community and industry in general when it comes to the dynamic distributed parameter allocation methodology for IoT network devices. We will also discuss how research on animals and the natural environment has been impacted by IoT breakthroughs, in particular, animal sensors’ limits and incapacity to broadcast from everywhere. Our analysis illustrates the most effective data transmission technique and establishes the bounds of these restrictions. Furthermore, the physics of the RF channel plays a critical role in the uncertainty of the channel as well as the amount of energy harvested. By employing simulation based on the physics of the RF channel, the article shows the performance of the system considering both the uncertainty of data arrival as well as the variability of the channel. The findings of the simulation show that the devices consume less energy overall as the signal-to-noise ratio rises. Furthermore, a timing factor of 10–15% is shown to be effective in maintaining a constant mean rate and increasing the energy efficiency of the system.
Studying the Alzheimer’s disease continuum using EEG and fMRI in single-modality and multi-modality settings
Authors: Li Jing , Li Xin , Chen Futao , Li Weiping , Chen Jiu , Zhang Bing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a biological, clinical continuum that covers the preclinical, prodromal, and clinical phases of the disease. Early diagnosis and identification of the stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are crucial in clinical practice. Ideally, biomarkers should reflect the underlying process (pathological or otherwise), be reproducible and non-invasive, and allow repeated measurements over time. However, the currently known biomarkers for AD are not suitable for differentiating the stages and predicting the trajectory of disease progression. Some objective parameters extracted using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are widely applied to diagnose the stages of the AD continuum. While electroencephalography (EEG) has a high temporal resolution, fMRI has a high spatial resolution. Combined EEG and fMRI (EEG–fMRI) can overcome single-modality drawbacks and obtain multi-dimensional information simultaneously, and it can help explore the hemodynamic changes associated with the neural oscillations that occur during information processing. This technique has been used in the cognitive field in recent years. This review focuses on the different techniques available for studying the AD continuum, including EEG and fMRI in single-modality and multi-modality settings, and the possible future directions of AD diagnosis using EEG–fMRI.
Radiographic analysis provides evidence for the etiology of pulmonary cysts in COVID-19
Authors: Igbinoba Zenas , Capaccione Kathleen M. , Dsouza Belinda , Shetty Ashna , Salvatore Mary M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and aimImaging of patients with COVID-19 has provided unique insights into the pathophysiology of the infection. Cysts are a rare manifestation of the disease in the lung. The aim of this research was to compare COVID-19-positive patients with cysts on CT to patients without cysts and propose a mechanism for cyst formation in this patient population based on radiographic observations.Materials and MethodsOur HIPAA-compliant IRB-approved research project involved a retrospective review of 219 chest CT scans identified in COVID-19-positive inpatients and emergency room patients at Columbia University Irving Medical Center from February 27, 2020 to July 17, 2020. A thoracic radiologist with over 20 years of experience reviewed the images on lung window settings and identified the presence of cysts, their distribution (central or pleural based), and if there was an accompanying pneumothorax. The extent of consolidation of the entire lung on a scale of 0–16 and the presence of fibrosis were also documented.ResultsCysts were identified in 10 of the 219 patients. CT scans with cysts were obtained on average on day 57 of symptoms (range 16–115 days) compared to CT scans of those without cysts that were obtained on average on day 19 (range 0–89 days). The distribution of cysts was heterogeneous; six patients had multiple cysts while four were isolated. Seven cysts were peripheral in distribution while three were central. Two patients with cysts developed a subsequent pneumothorax. Fifty percent of those with cysts had been intubated.ConclusionsPatients with COVID-19 develop cystic lung lesions for at least two reasons; pleural-based lesions are more likely areas of infarction and central lesions with surrounding ground glass are more likely related to infection and/or mechanical ventilation.
Improving the reactor for thickening organic plant-based polycomponent semi-finished products with high degree of readiness
Authors: Zahorulko Andrii , Zagorulko Aleksey , Chuiko Lyudmila , Solomon Alla , Sushko Larysa , Tesliuk Yuliia , Kriuchko Lesia , Dunaienko Anastasiia , Andrukh Serhii , Tytarenko Nataliia 
Published: December 2023

The object of this study is the process of thickening organic polycomponent compositions based on Jerusalem artichoke, apples, pumpkin, cranberry, and dogwood to produce high-level semi-finished products employing the proposed equipment and technological solutions implemented in a unified reactor. Conventional thickening devices have a steam heat supply system, which leads to overheating of certain layers of raw materials and prevents the mobile properties of the apparatus under the conditions of significant execution of organic properties of raw materials. The introduction of apratur-technological solutions could provide the competitive advantage of the reactors by heating the film-like emitting electric heater using a mixing device with a heating surface. Increasing the total area of heat exchange to 1.24 m2 (prototype – 0.98 m2). There is a decrease in specific heat consumption by 20 %, specific metal capacity by 47 %, and the duration of the process by 30 %. We have determined rheological properties in the thickening of the organic polycomponent composition of the paste at a temperature of 55 °C and a shift rate within 3.0…4.5 s-1, effective viscosity is in the range of 22...3.5 Pa·s. In this case, the kinetics of boiling in an improved reactor are by 27 % smaller than that in the basic structure R-P-150m. According to organoleptic indicators, the composition "B" has a pleasant harmonious taste of all components. The results of the studies are relevant for practical implementation in the temperature range from 35 °C to 55 °C. The hardware and technological solutions form the competitiveness of mobile reactors for the thickening of plant semi-finished products under conditions of elimination of the steam component and an increase in the surface of the heat exchange of the mixing device. Providing preference in operating duration with the simultaneous use of Peltier elements to convert secondary heat to the autonomous work of exhaust fans in the motor compartment
Identifying of the effect of the combined extract on the quality indicators of a fermented milk product from reconstituted camel milk
Authors: Tastemirova Ukilim , Mukhtarkhanova Rauan , Shingisov Azret , Yevlash Viktoriia 
Published: December 2023

The objects of the study are a fermented milk product made on the basis of reconstituted camel milk, and a fermented milk product made on the basis of reconstituted camel milk, enriched with a combined extract. The manufactured product must satisfy the body's needs for vitamins and minerals necessary for the normal development of the body. However, the nutritional composition of fermented milk drinks prepared from reconstituted camel milk depends on the choice of plant material for the added extract. The influence of the combined extract on the quality indicators of fermented milk product was studied. Under the influence of the combined extract, the protein content in the experimental sample of the fermented milk product increases by 3.96 %, and the fat content by 10.0 % compared to the fermented milk product without the addition of the combined extract. Analysis of the chemical composition and nutritional value of the developed fermented milk drink shows that it contains (in mg/100 g) minerals that were absent in the undiluted drink: magnesium – 1.12; copper – 0.044; vitamins: pantothenic acid – 0.437; nicotinic acid – 0.203; riboflavin – 0.033; vitamin E – 2.16. In addition, it has an increased content of potassium, zinc, sodium, iron, calcium; vitamins B1, B6, C, A; as well as the content of flavonoids, polyphenols and catechins. This gives it certain antioxidant properties. The results obtained indicate an increase in the biological value and additional functional properties of fortified reconstituted camel milk. It has been established that the enrichment of reconstituted milk with a combined extract makes it possible to create a product that contributes to the organization of adequate nutrition for people and will be in demand in the food market
«Допустим, должен ли мужчина быть нежным?»: модели маскулинности среди молодых евангельских христиан Санкт-­Петербурга
Authors: Балацюк Елизавета 
Published: December 2023

В статье поднимается вопрос о нормативных моделях маскулинности молодых евангельских христиан Санкт-­Петербурга. Вовлеченность евангеликов в глобальные процессы по пересмотру гендерных норм и их неконвенциональная религиозная идентичность в контексте постсоветского пространства могут отражаться в том, какие представления о гендерной идентичности ими разделяются и воспроизводятся. В рамках своей гендерной идентичности молодые евангелики могут выстраивать отличные от секулярных гегемонных моделей образы мужественности. Анализ субъективных смыслов, которые вкладывают молодые евангелики в понимание мужественности, позволяет раскрыть вопрос о производимых в их среде идеалах маскулинности. Эмпирической базой для анализа в рамках качественной социологической парадигмы стали двадцать полуструктурированных интервью с молодыми евангельскими христианами Санкт-­Петербурга, относящимися к новым течениям пятидесятников, харизматов и баптистов. Выделены три модели маскулинности, воплощающие гетерогенность представлений о мужественности среди молодых евангеликов – «гибридная христианская мужественность», «консервативная христианская мужественность» и «эгалитарная христианская мужественность». Общими элементами этих моделей выступили гетеронормативность, поддержание гендерной бинарности и эссенциалистского понимания категорий пола и гендера. Отличные черты этих моделей выражаются в тех личностных качествах, которые являются ценными и важными для понимания ими мужественности – отказ от рискового поведения и сексуальной активности, ценность эмпатии и эмоциональности, включенность в семейную сферу и домашний быт. При этом все модели маскулинности производятся в тесной связи с властной позицией над феминностью. Выделенные модели маскулинности могут быть отнесены к формам гибридной маскулинности, для которой характерно сочетание элементов гендерной иерархии с неконвенциональными для гегемонной модели маскулинности чертами. Соединение в нормативной гендерной идентичности властной позиции с принятием таких черт как эмпатия, ненасилие, отказ от рискового поведения и сексуальной активности вне брака связано с ориентацией информантов на христианские нормы.
Prevailing practices for the management of dry eye disease in India: A questionnaire based survey 2023
Authors: Trailokya Abhijit , Shirsat Amar , Wankhede Shaijesh 
Published: December 2023

: Dry eye disease is a common ophthalmic condition which is chronic in nature, It is major health issue especially in the current digital era. Dry eye disease is one of the most common reasons for visiting eye care practitioners. To understand the treatment pattern of medical management of dry eye disease across India.This single visit, cross-sectional, non-interventional, interview-based ophthalmologist survey on dry eye disease (DED) was conducted between 10-13 May 2023 at 81st Annual Conference of All India Ophthalmological Society, Kochi–AIOC 2023. A total of 71 registered ophthalmologist from all over India attending AIOC 2023 who were willing to provide their written consent participated in the survey and completed structured questionnaire on dry eye disease management. Approximately 39.44% ophthalmologist have 20-40% of patients who visiting to daily OPD are suffering from DED, and 40.85% ophthalmologist said the percentage is even more i.e. between 40-60%. 88.73% ophthalmologist responded environmental factors such as digital use specially increased usage of computers and mobile are responsible for dry eye. 49.30% patients suffered from aqueous - deficient dry eye (ADDE) and remaining 50.70% evaporative dry eye (EDE). Artificial Tears (AT) is the first line in management of DED said by all ophthalmologist & in certain cases, depending on type, severity, and cause of dry eye other drugs like cyclosporine, corticosteroids, antioxidant supplements and other medications might be used. Viscosity, pH and osmolarity are important for artificial tear said by 77.46% of ophthalmologist & 23% ophthalmologist opine that viscosity is major factor. 50% ophthalmologist believes that carboxymethylcellulose is the most suitable ingredient followed by sodium hyaluronate (29.58%). 61.43% Ophthalmologists replied, AT should provide continues relief from dry eye symptoms. 42.86% said AT should be used for long terms, it should be preservative free replied by 58.57% Ophthalmologists and 40% replied acceptance from patient should be there in terms of cost. Tear substitutes are the most commonly prescribed medications for the management of dry eye disease. Artificial tears are amongst the first-line agents in the management options for the management of dry eye disease, because of their ease for usage, with a better safety and tolerability profile and their availability in various formulations.
Assessment of stereoacuity (3D vision) using TNO random dot stereo acuity chart in medical undergraduate students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hun Amari V , Jariwala Shivani B 
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to estimate the level of stereoacuity in medical undergraduate students, factors associated with reduced stereoacuity, and time taken to interpret plates.Cross-sectional study was done at the Medical College of South Gujarat from April 2021 to June 2022, enrolling 400 consenting students. Detailed ocular history was taken; best corrected visual acuity was assessed for distance and near after cycloplegic refraction for cases with subnormal visual acuity and power of glasses documented. Level of Stereopsis was assessed using TNO random dot stereoacuity chart and time taken to read plates 1 and 5 was recorded. Data were entered and appropriate statistical tests were applied.Out of 400 students, 64.25% had a refractive error. Simple myopia was most prevalent refractive error (43.25%), followed by compound myopic astigmatism (19.5%). Seven students had anisometropic amblyopia and two had strabismic amblyopia. 19.75% cases had subnormal stereopsis. Among them, 10.25% cases had simple myopia, 7.25% had high compound myopic astigmatism, 1.75% had anisometropic amblyopia and 0.5% cases had strabismic amblyopia. Average time taken by emmetrope to read plate 1 and plate 5 was 13.93 ± 14.03 and 19.03 ± 20.66 respectively and for cases with refractive errors, time taken was 17.59 ± 13.95 and 27.83 ± 20.77 respectively. This was statistically significant (P &#60;0.05).Most of the students had good stereoacuity as they were already wearing refractive correction. Commonest cause of subnormal stereopsis ware simple myopia, compound myopic astigmatism and amblyopia. Time taken to read the plates is more for refractive error as compared to emmetropes.
Reference exophthalmometric values in south Indian children between 3-7 years old
Authors: Challa Naveen Kumar , Jagadeeswaran Deepthi 
Published: December 2023

To provide the reference exophthalmometric values in Indian children aged between 3-7 years.The study consisted of 528 children of both gender (age range from 3-7 years old), who were randomly selected from six schools in the two districts of south India. Normal children free of orbital diseases and other ocular abnormalities were included in the study. Exophthalmometry values were measured in right eye and left eye using a monocular Luedde exophthalmometer in the primary position. The mean absolute exophthalmomeric values among 3-7 years old children in OD and OS were 11.38 ± 0.93 mm (CI: 11.26-11.42) and 11.32 ± 0.93 mm (CI: 11.24-11.40) respectively. The mean absolute exophthalmomeric values of the OD and OS of male children were 11.28 ± 0.93mm and 11.25 ± 0.94 mm respectively. Similarly, for female children mean absolute exophthalmomeric values of the OD and OS were 11.41 ± 0.93mm and 11.39 ± 0.91mm respectively. The range of exophthalmometry values in these group of children is ranging from 9-15.5 mm. There is no significant difference (P=0.35) in exophthalmometry values among male and female children. There is a significant positive correlation between absolute exophthalmomeric values and age (r = 0.62, P &#60; 0.05). None of the children in this study have shown relative exophthalmometry of more than 2mm. In order to diagnose orbital diseases and craniofacial deformities in clinical contexts, ophthalmologists and other healthcare professionals might use the exophthalmomeric values of Indian children aged 3 to 7 presented in this study.
Penilaian AHP Jalur Hijau Koridor Transjakarta 8 DKI Jakarta Berdasarkan Fungsi Ekologis Vegetasi
Authors: Musfira Lasta , Nasrullah Nizar , Sulistyantara Bambang 
Published: December 2023

Greenbelt and green infrastructure are still very limited in Jakarta. Transjakarta Corridor 8 Harmoni - Lebak Bulus covers Central Jakarta, West Jakarta, and South Jakarta which are government centers and densely populated settlements. The high activity in the area causes an increase in transportation flows and greenhouse gas emissions. The transportation sector is the highest contributor to CO2e emissions in the capital city, thus reducing environmental quality, especially the greenbelt in Transjakarta Corridor 8. The assessment of ecological functions in this study consists of 7 variables, namely noise reduction, pollution reduction, air humidity, view control, glare control, direction and accident prevention. The research location is divided into 5 segments with the analysis method used, namely the assessment of ecological function aspects and the formulation of recommendations based on Hierarchical Process Analysis. The results of the assessment on ecological functions with noise-canceling variables were (Polyalthia longifolia) Glodongan Tiang, (Casuarina sp.) Spruce, (Acacia auriculiformis) Acacia, and (Archontophoenix alexandrae) Alexander Palm. The results of the pollution reduction assessment of each segment are dominated by vegetation types (Mangifera indica) Mango, (Polyalthia longifolia) Glodongan Tiang, (Carbera odollam) Bintaro. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the AHP assessment weight was obtained. The combined AHP results show the highest priority scale for the evaluation recommendations of this research is Pollution Reduction as the most important variable with a weight of 0.348, the second rank is Accident Reducer with a weight of 0.300, the third rank is Glare Control with a weight of 0.150. The combined results of 3 experts produce a consistency ratio value of 0.05, the consistency ratio value of 0.05 is smaller than 0.10 so it can be said to have met the consistent requirements.

Keywords: analytical hierarchy process, emission, roadside greenbelt