bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK EDIBLE FILM WHEY KEJU DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MINYAK ATSIRI SEREH DAPUR (Cymbopogon Citratus)
Authors: Kafiya Maftuh 
Published: December 2023

Edible film from whey has been studied as a protector from anti-microbial attacks. This study aims to examine the physical characteristics of edible film whey with lemongrass essential oil addition as an antimicrobial, especially fungal attacks. The experiment was designed with a complete randomized design (RAL) with 3 repeats consisting of 4 treatments of lemongrass essential oil concentrations, namely control (P1), 0.1% (P2), 0.5% (P3), and 1% (P4). The results showed that the moisture content of edible film with P1, P2, and P3 treatments differed markedly from P0. Meanwhile, the soluble speed of P3 and P2 treatments significant differed with P1 and P0. The thickness of edible film from whey was increased with the addition of lemongrass essential oil concentration.
GELATIN HALAL DARI KULIT KAMBING ETAWA (Capra aegagrus hircus) DENGAN BAHAN CURING ASAM DAN BASA
Authors: Mutiar Sri , Yusmita Lisa , Ariyetti Ariyetti 
Published: December 2023

Agama Islam mengwajibkan umatnya mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman yang halal. Penggunaan bahan dasar yang berasal dari salah satu bahan yang diharamkan atau proses pengolahannya tidak sesuai menjadi masalah dalam hal ini. Gelatin yang diproduksi dari bahan baku kulit dari babi yang banyak diproduksi saat ini menimbulkan masalah bagi para pemeluk agama Islam karena berkaitan dengan kehalalannya. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gelatin, hingga saat ini Indonesia masih melakukan impor gelatin dari beberapa negara. Oleh sebab itu penggunaan bahan baku yang halal dan banyak tersedia di dalam negeri menjadi solusi untuk dapat menghasilkan gelatin yang halal dan karakteristik yang memenuhi standar. Hal ini memberikan peluang untuk produksi gelatin yang aman dan halal seperti kulit kambing yang merupakan by-product dari pemotongan yang sebagian besar dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku industri penyamakan kulit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam produksi gelatin adalah dengan menggunakan ekstraksi dengan bahan curing asam dan basa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gelatin dari kulit kambing Etawa yang diproduksi melalui proses asam dan basa menghasilkan karakteristik yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan standar. Gelatin yang dihasilkan memiliki karakteristik yang memenuhi standar. Produksi gelatin dari kulit kambing Etawa berpeluang sebagai bahan baku pembuatan gelatin yang halal.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health Transitioning to Adult Mental Health Services for young people with ADHD: an Italian-based Survey on practices for Pediatric and Adult Services
Authors: Roberti Elisa , Scarpellini Francesca , Campi Rita , Giardino Michele , Clavenna Antonio , Bonati Maurizio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background. Supporting young ADHD patients in transition to adult services is essential. Yet, the low percentages of successful referrals and the issues reported by patients and clinicians stress the need for further attention to transitioning practices. The present study assessed the transitioning process of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) patients in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) and Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS) in the Italian territory. We asked child and adult psychiatrists to report the current state of services and their observations on limitations and possible future matters that must be addressed. Method. Seventy-seven centers (42 CAMHS, 35 AMHS) filled in a web-based survey in which they reported the number of ADHD patients, how many transitioning patients they had within the past year, and how they structured transition. Results. A fragmented picture emerged from the survey. Lack of resources, training, and communication between services hinder the transition process, and many adult patients remain under CAMHS' care. While some services have a protocol, there is no structured guidance that can help improve integration and continuity of treatment. Conclusion. The observed situation reflects a need for improvement and standard guidelines to enable a successful transition process, considering clinicians' and patients' necessities.
Rheology behaviors of Dioscorea alata mucilage extracted with CaCl2 aqueous solution
Authors: Fortuna Dewi , Darmawati Emmy , Sunarti Titi Candra , Mardjan Sutrisno Suro , Purwanti Nanik 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study determined the rheological properties of Dioscorea alata mucilage (DAM) solution at different concentrations and temperatures (steady shear flow and dynamic oscillatory rheology). The steady shear flow experiment results showed that the shear apparent viscosity-shear rate data was well fitted with the Carreau model and showed the highest R2. The Carreau model that the DAM solutions at 1-8% presented non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior. The strain and frequency sweep data of 8% (w/w) DAM solution showed dominant elastic behavior (gel-like structure). A Gf between G″ and G″ of 8% (w/w) DAM solution at 30 °C occurs at very high frequencies (» 83.70 Hz). The Arrhenius equation and activation energy (Ea) described the temperature effect. The rheological properties study of DAM aqueous solutions can provide information about its flow behavior, which helps apply DAM as a source of hydrocolloids in the food and non-food industries.
Analyzing the characteristics of bitumen improved by the addition of waste vegetable oil and a low-density polymer.
Authors: Akram Waseem 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The widespread use of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and similar polymers has grown significantly due to population expansion, urbanization, and evolving lifestyles. Simultaneously, the extensive use of vegetable oil for cooking has led to the disposal of waste vegetable oil (WCO) into domestic wastewater, posing a risk of water pollution in natural water sources like rivers. This study's primary objective is to investigate the feasibility of partially replacing bitumen with LDPE and WCO. To achieve this goal, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of properties such as penetration, softening, specific gravity, ductility, flash and fire point temperatures on bitumen samples modified with varying proportions of LDPE (4%, 4.5%, and 5%) in addition to a constant 10% WCO as a substitute for part of the bitumen binder. The inclusion of LDPE and WCO resulted in reduced penetration and ductility values in the modified bitumen, while the specific gravity of these modified samples remained relatively unchanged. This suggests that conventional methods and equipment can still be employed for this asphalt modification. The use of LDPE and WCO as additives to enhance the workability of the asphalt binder presents an environmentally friendly alternative for managing generated waste. Ultimately, reusing LDPE and WCO as components in asphalt applications is deemed to be an economically viable and eco-friendly approach, particularly in hot climate regions.
Optical Sensor for Monitoring Corrosion of Rebar in Reinforced Concrete Members Using Polydimethylsiloxane - Titanium Oxide Composite
Authors: Jeong Hoseong , Jung Byung Jun , Kim Jae Hyun , Choi Seung-Ho , Kim KangSu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Corrosion of reinforcing bars deteriorates the bond between the rebar and concrete, consequently leading to the degradation of the strength and stiffness of reinforced concrete (RC). Because structural deterioration due to corrosion may cause failure and large-scale disaster, various methods of measuring the corrosion rate (electrochemical methods, electrical methods, fiber optic sensors, strain gauge, ultrasonic wave, and infrared thermography) have been proposed so far. The electrochemical methods are the most widely used for estimating corrosion rates but have the limitations that the measurement results are qualitative, and are affected by climatic parameters. To overcome these limitations, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors to directly detect the expansion displacement of reinforcing bars due to corrosion have been developed. However, these sensors are susceptible to strain induced by heat and external loads, and they also present challenges in terms of miniaturization and installation. This study developed a new optical sensor that can overcome the limitations of existing sensors. The developed sensor detects the expansion displacement of the sacrificial steel plate due to corrosion and thus estimates the corrosion rate of rebar. A linear relationship between the displacement and the sensor response was observed, and the sensor was capable of measuring the displacement up to half the depth of the sensor. The sensor also showed a reversible response to repeated displacement and was stable even in alkaline and salty environments. Its practicality was also verified by accelerated corrosion tests.
Vegetation resistance to aridity thresholds depends on local environmental conditions in global drylands
Authors: Abel Christin , Maestre Fernando , Berdugo Miguel , Tagesson Torbern , Abdi Abdulhakim , Horion Stéphanie , Fensholt Rasmus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The crossing of specific aridity thresholds has been shown to trigger abrupt changes in multiple functional and structural ecosystem attributes across global drylands. While we understand the consequences associated with aridity thresholds, a significant knowledge gap remains concerning the key biotic and abiotic factors that influence the resistance of dryland vegetation when crossing them. Here, we used field observations from 55 dryland sites across six continents in combination with satellite remote sensing data from 2000–2022 to show that plant richness, precipitation dynamics, soil texture, and elevation are the most important variables contributing to dryland vegetation resistance when crossing aridity thresholds. Further, drought legacy, i.e., the frequency and magnitude of drought events in the years prior to crossing an aridity threshold, plays an important role in interaction with plant richness and soil texture. Interestingly, plant species richness was found to be negatively related to vegetation resistance, except at sites with moderate to high drought legacy, and in grasslands. Our results highlight that vegetation resistance depends on local environmental conditions and thus can vary within short distances. They also indicate that the use of global-scale gridded datasets for estimating vegetation resistance across larger geographic scales is challenging because of the limited quality and spatial resolution of available data for key biotic and abiotic modulator variables. Enhancing our comprehension of the factors important for vegetation resistance is an important step towards dryland conservation efforts and sustainable management strategies.
Impacts of florfenicol on soil bacterial community structure and diversity by high throughput sequencing analysis
Authors: Li Yang , Luo shuai Shuai , Ding Yue xia , peng Jin ju , Xie Xing peng , Ma Hao tian , Yu Meng bo , Liu Yuan jia , Ma Yi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To investigate the impact of florfenicol on soil microbial community structure and diversity, an indoor florfenicol exposure model was established. Soil samples were collected at different concentrations of florfenicol (0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/L) on days 0, 7, 30, and 60. High-throughput sequencing was employed to examine the changes in soil microbial community structure, diversity, and abundance. The analysis revealed a total of 31874 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the soil samples, averaging 9524 OTUs per sample. The number of soil microbial community OTUs declined with increasing florfenicol concentration. The microbial species richness and diversity showed a decreasing trend at day 7, while the treatment group with 50 mg/L florfenicol at 60 days exhibited the lowest richness index. Examination of the soil microbial community structure identified 50 phyla and 1303 genera. At the phylum level, the abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroides decreased with increasing florfenicol concentration. Similarly, at the genus level, some of the dominant genera displayed a decline in abundance with the rise of florfenicol concentration. Cluster analysis demonstrated significant temporal and concentration variability. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for the ecological risk assessment and safe management of florfenicol.
Identifying critical features of iron phosphate particle for lithium preference
Authors: Liu Chong , Yan Gangbin , Wei Jialiang , Apodaca Emory , Choi Suin , Eng Peter , Stubbs Joanne , Han Yu , Zou Siqi , Bera Mrinal , Wu Ronghui , Karapetrova Evguenia , Zhou Hua , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

One-dimensional (1D) olivine iron phosphate (FePO4) is widely proposed for selective electrochemical lithium (Li) extraction from dilute water sources, however, significant variations in Li selectivity were observed for particles with different physical attributes (e.g., sizes, morphologies, dominant facets, etc.). The fundamental understanding of particle feature-dependent host response upon lithium and sodium (Na) ions co-intercalation is still lacking, which impedes the design of extraction system and the improvement of Li selectivity. Here, we investigated a series of FePO4 particles with various features and revealed the importance of harnessing the kinetic and chemo-mechanical barrier difference between lithiation and sodiation to promote Li selectivity. The thermodynamic preference of FePO4 provides the baseline of Li preference while the particle features are critical to induce different kinetic pathways and barrier energies, which results in different Li to Na selectivity, ranging from 6.2 × 102 to 2.3 × 104. Importantly, we categorized the FePO4 particles into two groups by size based on their distinctly paired phase evolution behaviors upon lithiation and sodiation, and generated quantitative correlation maps among Li preference, particle features, and electrochemical properties. The correlations indicate the existence of an optimal size range ([010] length 155-420 nm) for achieving both high Li selectivity and structural reversibility. By choosing FePO4 particles with different features, we demonstrated fast (636 mA/g) Li extraction from a high Li source (1: 100 Li to Na) with (96.6±0.2)% purity, and high selectivity (2.3 × 104) for Li extraction from a low Li source (1: 1000 Li to Na) with (95.8±0.3)% purity in a single step.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Indigenous Chicken Ecotypes in a Selected Areas of Tanzania
Authors: LUCAS RHODA , Kasanga Christopher , Mwega Elisa , Ackrey Sissa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted in the Bahi and Songea districts of Tanzania for sustainable use and conservation purposes. Blood samples of 100 indigenous chickens were collected and genotyped using eighteen microsatellite markers recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics, Food and Agriculture Organization Advisory Group for Animal Genetics. Data were analyzed using GenAIEXv.6.5 software. Results showed that Bahi had a total of 117 alleles while Songea had 111 alleles. There were 6.5 alleles on average per locus for Bahi and 6.1 for Songea. The locus with the least number of alleles was MCW0078, with just 5 alleles, whereas the MCW0111F locus was highly polymorphic with 20 alleles. The mean number of different alleles (Na) was 7.250 ± 0.544 for Bahi and 7.000 ± 0.742 for Songea, with an overall average of 7.125 ± 0.515. The number of private alleles was 31 and 37 for Bahi and Songea, respectively. Genetic variation among the population was 17%, while within the population it was 83%. Nei’s genetic distance was calculated to be 0.589, and the principal of coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed two clusters with some intermixes. At p < 0.05, divergence from Hard Weinberg equilibrium was significant in all loci. In conclusion, there was a considerable genetic variation between the two study populations hence, they are very useful in conservation programs of the indigenous chickens.
The effect of fusion zone oxygen content and weld bead geometry on hardness and porosity of laser-welded commercially pure titanium sheets
Authors: Eshraghi S. Fariborz , Farshidianfar Mohammad Hossein , Nabavi Seyedeh Fatemeh , Marandi Saeed , Farshidianfar Anooshiravan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current study aims to understand the governing mechanisms behind weld hardness and porosity in laser-welded titanium sheets. Hardness measurements indicate increasing hardness with increased heat input and grain size, which is inconsistent with the general knowledge on hardness behavior. Since hardness is governed by the weld microstructure, morphology and grain size are studied based on the heat input. An increase in weld hardness and transformation of serrated to Widmanstätten structure is observed with increased heat input (or reduced cooling rate). To understand this phenomenon, the oxygen content is measured in the fusion zone using EDS analysis. A greater amount of oxygen is measured in the fusion zone for samples with higher heat input. XRD analysis, also reveals increased Ti2O3 and TiO2 secondary phases in samples with higher oxygen contamination that contribute to weld embrittlement. Results shows that while increased heat input increases the grain size, it also causes a greater chance of oxygen contamination and Widmanstätten formation in the fusion zone by increasing the melt pool size. Increased melt pool width and size increases the chances of oxygen absorption from the environment under similar shielding conditions. Consequently, it is revealed that the fusion zone oxygen content has a more significant effect on titanium weld hardness compared to the grain size. Quantitative measurements of the weld porosity indicate that titanium porosity is controlled by the weld depth. The results of the present research can be applied to reduce embrittlement and porosity formation in laser welding of titanium sheets.
Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Candida Auris Blood Stream Infection
Authors: Alotaibi Sultan , Alshahwan Mosaad , Alotaibi Hesham , Alamoudi Moayad , Alshahrani Khalid , Bahabri Ibrahim , Sharif Tauseef , AlJohani Sameera , Aldibasi Omar , Alqahtani Hajar , Almaziad Sultan , Bosaeed Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to comprehensively assess the clinical presentation, management practices, complications, and mortality rate in patients with Candida auris bloodstream infection.
Patients and methods:
This is a descriptive study where we retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of all patients admitted and diagnosed with C. auris bloodstream infection from January 2018 to August 2021.
Results
156 patients diagnosed with Candida auris bloodstream infection (BSI) were included with an average age of 63 years old (SD ± 16.8), and 53% were male. The most frequently encountered comorbidities were diabetes mellitus and hypertension (76.28%), followed by end-stage renal disease receiving hemodialysis (39%) and cancer or receiving chemotherapy (19.2%). Most patients received broad-spectrum antibiotics and systemic corticosteroids 92% and 80%, respectively. The highest rate of resistance was shown for fluconazole (100%), followed by flucytosine (95.7%), voriconazole (93.3%), and itraconazole (83.3%). Resistance to amphotericin B, anidulafungin, and caspofungin were low, with a rate of (7.5%), (0%), and (5.4%), respectively.
Conclusion
Candida auris is an emerging progressive pathogen which notably increased in the last few years. This study showed the different characteristics and factors that could contribute to the increase in the number of Candida auris BSI.
On the Performance of Sargassum derived Calcium Alginate Ion Exchange Resins for Pb2+ Adsorption: Batch and Packed Bed Applications
Authors: Mohammed Akeem , Mohammed Chantal , Mautner Andreas , Kistow Matika , Chaitram Pooran , Bismarck Alexander , Ward Keeran 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Driven by climate change and human activity, Sargassum blooming rates have intensified, producing copious amount of the invasive, pelagic seaweed across the Caribbean and Latin America. Our study details a comprehensive investigation into the use of Sargassum (S. natans), as a potential resource-circular feedstock for the synthesis of calcium alginate beads utilized in heavy metal adsorption, both in batch and column experiments. Given the low quality of alginates extracted from Sargassum which produce poor morphological beads, composite beads in conjunction with graphene oxide and acrylamide were used to improve fabrication. Results from batch experiments showed that compared to composite as well as commercial resins (Amberlite), stand-alone calcium alginate beads outperformed all other adsorbents, with an adsorption capacity of 2123 mg Pb2+ g− 1 tested at 20°C and a pH of 3.5. Furthermore, its performance was within the range for other seaweed and polysaccharide based adsorbents, thus indicating its efficacy as a bio-based alternative to synthetic resins. For composite alginate resins, incorporation of additives such as acrylamide and graphene oxide, resulted in a 21–40% reduction in Pb2+ adsorption – with characterisation revealing a reduction in active sites as the main indicator to inferior performance. Analysis of column operations confirms the practicality of Alginate systems over commercial counterparts, with 20–24% longer operating times, 15 times lower adsorbent mass on scale up and 206% smaller column diameters. Ultimately, our results provide evidence supporting the use of Sargassum as a resource-circular feedstock for the fabrication of Alginate ion-exchange beads, with superior heavy metal adsorption performance.
Predicting Stipa arabica Habitat Displacement in Iran's Central Regions Until 2050
Authors: Saboohi Razieh , Khodagholi Morteza , Naseri Somayeh , Zarekia Sedigheh , Pourmirzaei Ahmad , Esfahani Ehsan Zandi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Natural resource management can be improved by understanding the factors contributing to native vegetation establishment in different regions. Habitat has a significant effect on species' survival and reproduction. With the progress of statistical science and geographic information systems, it has become possible to predict plant species' habitats using modeling methods. This study prepared a prediction map of Stipa arabica's habitat in the rangelands of Isfahan, Yazd, Semnan, and Kerman during the next three decades. Based on interviews conducted with local experts and experts from scientific departments and centers related to natural resources, more important species were identified in this study. The next step was calculating habitat characteristics based on species' behavior. A prediction map of the selected species' habitats was prepared using logistic regression. According to the research purpose, information on vegetation cover and environmental factors was collected from the study rangelands. By creating relationships between environmental variables and the presence and absence of the species investigated by the method mentioned above and relating these relationships to the layers prepared in the geographic information system, a prediction map for the habitat of Stipa arabica was constructed in ArcGIS version 10.3. The Kappa coefficient was used to evaluate habitat prediction maps. This study indicates that gradient analysis of environmental variables by logistic regression can be used to prepare a map that predicts suitable habitats for plants. Further, the logistic regression model indicated that Stipa arabica, 5237434.7 hectares, equivalent to 10.7% of the investigated area, has a probability of occurrence of 75-100% (suitable conditions) for its presence. The altitude above sea level for the studied species is between 1600 and 2550 meters. However, the modeling results show that in 2050, its minimum and maximum altitudes will be 1750-2800 meters in scenario 4.5 and 1850-3050 in scenario 8.5. As the temperature increases due to climate change, the habitat size of this species will decrease, and it will move to higher areas with lower temperatures.