bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elucidating Molecular Mechanisms Governing TNF-Alpha-Mediated Regulation of Amyloid Beta 42 Uptake in Blood-Brain Barrier Endothelial Cells
Authors: Salian Vrishali S. , Curan Geoffry L. , Lowe Val J. , Tang Xiaojia , Kalari Krishna R. , Kandimalla Karunya K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCerebrovascular inflammation is prevalent in a majority of Alzheimer’s patients. Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), circulating in the plasma have been shown to cause the inflammation of blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelium lining the cerebral microvasculature. The BBB inflammation has been implicated in the increase of toxic Aβ accumulation within Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain. TNF-alpha in the peripheral circulation can aggravate the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides in Alzheimer’s disease brain. In the current study, we have shown that the exposure to TNF-alpha leads to an increase in Aβ42 accumulation in mice and BBB endothelial cells in vitro. Moreover, dynamic SPECT/CT imaging in wild-type (WT) mice infused with TNF-alpha increased the permeability and influx of Aβ42 into the mice brain. In addition, our results show that TNF-alpha modifies the expression of cofilin, actin, and dynamin, which are critical components for Aβ endocytosis by BBB endothelial cells. These results offer a mechanistic understanding of how TNF-alpha may promote Aβ accumulation at the BBB and the underlying interactions between inflammation and Aβ exposure that drives BBB dysfunction. Hence, a therapeutic intervention aimed at addressing cerebrovascular inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease may potentially reduce Aβ induced cerebrovascular toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease brain.Significance statementIncreased levels of TNF-alpha circulating in the plasma are considered significant factors in the consequences of Aβ pathology in Alzheimer’s disease, where it can promote cerebrovascular inflammation and BBB dysfunction. However, the role of TNF-alpha, in exacerbating Aβ pathology by increasing Aβ accumulation at the BBB endothelial cells remains only partially understood. In this study, we demonstrated that TNF-alpha enhances Aβ42 accumulation in the BBB endothelium by altering the expression of the BBB endocytosis machinery, specifically cofilin, actin, and dynamin. These findings are anticipated to contribute to the development of therapeutic approaches aimed at addressing elevated cytokine levels in Alzheimer’s disease.
Multiplex mapping of protein-protein interaction interfaces
Authors: He Jingxuan , Zou Ling-Nan , Pareek Vidhi , Benkovic Stephen J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe describe peptide mapping throughSplitAntibioticResistanceComplementation (SpARC-map), a method to identify the probable interface between two interacting proteins. Our method is based on in vivo affinity selection inside a bacterial host, and uses high throughput DNA sequencing results to infer the location of protein-protein interaction (PPI) interfaces. SpARC-map uses only routine microbiology techniques, with no reliance on specialized instrumentation or reconstituting protein complexes in vitro; it can be tuned to detect PPIs over a broad range of affinities; it can be multiplexed to probe multiple PPIs in parallel; its nonspecific background can be precisely measured, enabling the sensitive detection of weak PPIs. Using SpARC-map, we recover the known interface in the (p21-PCNA complex. We also use SpARC-map to probe the purinosome, the weakly bound complex of six purine biosynthetic enzymes, where no PPI interfaces are known. There, we identify interfaces that satisfy structural requirements for substrate channeling; we also identify protein surfaces that participate in multiple distinct interactions, which we validate using site-specific photocrosslinking in live human cells. Finally, we show that SpARC-map results can impose stringent constraints on outputs from machine learning based structure prediction.
WITHDRAWN: Distinctive Occupancy of Brain Coupling Modes across Autism spectrum subtypes
Authors: Miguel Vânia , Farinha Miguel , Deleglise Alvaro , Vohryzek Jakub , Cruzat Josephine , Hancock Fran , Morgado Pedro , Deco Gustavo , Cabral Joana 
Published: January 2025

Withdrawal statementThe authors have withdrawn this manuscript due to ethical considerations regarding the classification and nomenclature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) subtypes used in our analysis of the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset. While the statistical methods and analysis techniques employed in the study remain valid, recent discussions in the field regarding the appropriate terminology and classification of ASD (Bearer et al., 2024) have led us to reconsider the framework of our research. As this manuscript no longer aligns with current ethical standards in ASD research, this work should not be cited as a reference.For any questions or clarifications, please contact the corresponding author.
Structural insights into transcriptional regulation by the helicase RECQL5
Authors: Ariza Alfredo Jose Florez , Lue Nicholas Z. , Grob Patricia , Kaeser Benjamin , Fang Jie , Kassube Susanne A. , Nogales Eva 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTranscription and its regulation pose a major challenge for genome stability. The helicase RECQL5 has been proposed as an important factor to help safeguard the genome, and is the only member of the human RecQ helicase family that directly binds to RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) and affects its progression. RECQL5 mitigates transcription stress and genome instability in cells, yet the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unclear. Here, we employ cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine the structures of stalled Pol II elongation complexes (ECs) bound to RECQL5. Our structures reveal the molecular interactions stabilizing RECQL5 binding to the Pol II EC and highlight its role as a transcriptional roadblock. Additionally, we find that RECQL5 can modulate the Pol II translocation state. In its nucleotide-free state, RECQL5 mechanically twists the downstream DNA in the EC, and upon nucleotide binding, it undergoes a conformational change that allosterically induces Pol II towards a post-translocation state. We propose this mechanism may help restart Pol II elongation and therefore contribute to reduction of transcription stress.
Inference of human pigmentation from ancient DNA by genotype likelihood
Authors: Perretti Silvia , Vizzari Maria Teresa , Santos Patrícia , Tassani Enrico , Benazzo Andrea , Ghirotto Silvia , Barbujani Guido 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLight eyes, hair and skins probably evolved several times asHomo sapiensdispersed from Africa. In areas with lower UV radiation, light pigmentation alleles increased in frequency because of their adaptive advantage and of other contingent factors such as migration and drift. However, the tempo and mode of their spread is not known. Phenotypic inference from ancient DNA is complicated, both because these traits are polygenic, and because of low sequence depth. We evaluated the effects of the latter by randomly removing reads in two high-coverage ancient samples, the Paleolithic Ust’-Ishim from Russia and the Mesolithic SF12 from Sweden. We could thus compare three approaches to pigmentation inference, concluding that, for suboptimal levels of coverage (<8x), a probabilistic method estimating genotype likelihoods leads to the most robust predictions. We then applied that protocol to 348 ancient genomes from Eurasia, describing how skin, eye and hair color evolved over the past 45,000 years. The shift towards lighter pigmentations turned out to be all but linear in time and place, and slower than expected, with half of the individuals showing dark or intermediate skin colors well into the Copper and Iron ages. We also observed a peak of light eye pigmentation in Mesolithic times, and an accelerated change during the spread of Neolithic farmers over Western Eurasia, although localized processes of gene flow and admixture, or lack thereof, also played a significant role.
Unprecedented Cytotoxicity of Transition Metal Metallacarboranes on Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells and a Vertebrate Cancer Model
Authors: Murphy Neville , Tipping William J. , Ding Yi , Dwyer Róisín M. , Faulds Karen , Pandit Abhay , Graham Duncan , Spaink Herman P. , Farràs Pau 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARYMetallacarboranes have long been the subject of attention in the context of medicinal chemistry because of their promising characteristics and unconventional interactions with biological entities. The metal centre has been shown to have a significant influence on the internalisation and cytotoxicity of compounds in human cell lines. Additionally, specific nanomolar concentrations of metallacarboranes have demonstrated toxic effects on MDA-MB-231 cells under in vitro and in vivo conditions.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Proinflammatory cytokines mediate pancreatic β-cell specific alterations to Golgi morphology via iNOS-dependent mitochondrial inhibition
Authors: Blom Sandra E. , Behan-Bush Riley M. , Ankrum James A. , Yang Ling , Stephens Samuel B. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryType 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by the selective autoimmune ablation of pancreatic β-cells. Emerging evidence reveals β-cell secretory dysfunction arises early in T1D development and may contribute to diseases etiology; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Our data reveal that proinflammatory cytokines elicit a complex change in the β-cell’s Golgi structure and function. The structural modifications include Golgi compaction and loss of the inter-connecting ribbon resulting in Golgi fragmentation. Our data demonstrate that iNOS generated nitric oxide (NO) is necessary and sufficient for β-cell Golgi re-structuring. Moreover, the unique sensitivity of the β-cell to NO-dependent mitochondrial inhibition results in β-cell specific Golgi alterations that are absent in other cell types, including α-cells. Collectively, our studies provide critical clues as to how β-cell secretory functions are specifically impacted by cytokines and NO that may contribute to the development of β-cell autoantigens relevant to T1D.
Stabilization of memory on neural manifolds through multiple synaptic time scales
Authors: Chechelnizki Georg , Shaham Nimrod , Salhov Alon , Burak Yoram 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWorking memory is commonly thought to be implemented in the brain by the persistent activity of attractor neural networks. Compelling evidence exists for the implementation of such memory networks in vertebrate and invertebrate brains. Naively, retention ofcontinuousmemories in attractor networks – as observed in the head direction systems of mammals and insects and the oculomotor integrator in vertebrates – is particularly sensitive to neural stochasticity, because noise can continuously shift the activity of the network along its manifold of steady states. As these random drifts accumulate over time, the stored memory degrades. Small networks, such as the head direction system of insects, are particularly prone to this form of memory deterioration, and it is unclear how such networks can maintain their persistent state over behaviorally relevant timescales. Here we identify a neural mechanism that effectively counteracts random drifts by employing a combination of slow excitatory and fast inhibitory synaptic connections. We show that the proposed mechanism can substantially decrease diffusivity in linear and nonlinear networks. Hence, the mechanism offers a plausible explanation for how the brain can stably store memories of continuous quantities, despite the ubiquity of noise. Finally, we identify how to engineer connectivity such that variability in neural activity perpendicular to the attractor is unaffected by the stabilization mechanism. This scheme allows for tight confinement of neural activity patterns to a low dimensional manifold, as well as the rapid relaxation of transient modes of activity back into the attractor. The theory suggests that neurons in head direction cell networks that are commonly thought to be utilized for velocity integration may also aid in stabilization against noise-driven motion.
Dispersive analysis of the isospin breaking in the
X(3872)→J/ψπ+π−
and
X(3872)→J/ψπ+π0π−
decays
Authors: Dias Jorgivan Morais , Ji Teng , Dong Xiang-Kun , Guo Feng-Kun , Hanhart Christoph , Meißner Ulf-G. , Zhang Yu , Zhang Zhen-Hua 
Published: January 2025

We analyze the latest LHCb data on the π+π− spectrum in the isospin-violating X(3872)→J/ψπ+π− decay, based on dispersion theory to deal with the ππ final state interactions. Additionally, the isospin breaking effects are properly introduced, allowing for a reliable and accurate extraction of the ratio, RX, between the X(3872) couplings to the J/ψρ and J/ψω channels from the data. We find very good agreement with the LHCb data for the whole range of the π+π− invariant mass, and RX is determined to be 0.26±0.03. Using this value, we make predictions for the π+π0π− mass distribution in the X(3872)→J/ψπ+π0π− process, which is currently accessible by the BESIII Collaboration, and update a prediction for the pole positions of the isovector partner states of the X(3872), Wc1, with I(JPC)=1(1++).

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Low-density parity-check representation of fault-tolerant quantum circuits
Authors: Li Ying 
Published: January 2025

In fault-tolerant quantum computing, quantum algorithms are implemented through quantum circuits capable of error correction. These circuits are typically constructed based on specific quantum error correction codes, with consideration given to the characteristics of the underlying physical platforms. Optimizing these circuits within the constraints of today's quantum computing technologies, particularly in terms of error rates, qubit counts, and network topologies, holds substantial implications for the feasibility of quantum applications in the near future. This paper presents a toolkit for designing and analyzing fault-tolerant quantum circuits. We introduce a framework for representing stabilizer circuits using classical low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Each codeword in the representation corresponds to a quantum-mechanical equation regarding the circuit, formalizing the correlations utilized in parity checks and delineating logical operations within the circuit. Consequently, the LDPC code provides a means of quantifying fault tolerance and verifying logical operations. We outline the procedure for generating LDPC codes from circuits using the Tanner graph notation, alongside proposing graph-theory tools for constructing fault-tolerant quantum circuits from classical LDPC codes. These findings offer a systematic approach to applying classical error correction techniques in optimizing existing fault-tolerant protocols and developing new ones. As an example, we develop a resource-efficient scheme for universal fault-tolerant quantum computing on hypergraph product codes based on the LDPC representation.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Managing child learners with disruptive behavioural disorders (DBD): tracking factors influencing the health literacy of primary school teachers
Authors: George Jogy , Babu N.R. Suresh 
Published: January 2025

PurposeDisruptive behavioural disorders (DBD) of children are a major concern for teachers while engaging in the classroom. Correspondingly, primary school teachers should be well-equipped to manage child learners with DBD. This study explored what factors influence primary school teachers' access, utilisation and appraisal of vital health information for managing students with DBD.Design/methodology/approachThe data used in the current paper was collected through in-depth interviews with teachers working in public lower primary schools in central Kerala, India. The refined data was then analysed thematically.FindingsFour focal themes emerged from the input data: bridging social capital, classroom strategies, trained incapacity and role strain. The study found that the charismatic authority of teachers influences child learners with behavioural disorders only in the short term. Additionally, the study asserts that in-service teacher training programmes often overlook the behavioural and social components of health.Originality/valueThis study significantly advances our understanding of how the social embeddedness of health literacy among teachers influences their management of child learners with behaviour disorders. Specifically, it unravels the unique ways teachers utilise social networks to access health information (how), identifies the effective strategies they employ (what) and elucidates the underlying reasons for these strategies (why). The merit of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis of the interplay between social structures, social networks and health literacy, providing novel insights into practices followed by teachers in managing child learners with DBD.
Unveiling the nexus between board quality, firm innovation and climate risk disclosure: a study of Indian companies
Authors: Kapoor Nimisha , Singh Ram , Mishra Richa 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to explore the association of board quality and firm innovation on climate risk disclosure in the context of large listed companies in India. It builds upon the framework developed by the stakeholder theory and the legitimacy theory to examine the association between the key variables of the study.

Design/methodology/approach
The climate risk disclosure is measured through content analysis of the annual reports of the respective companies. A panel data framework analyzes the relationship between board quality, firm innovation and climate risk disclosure.

Findings
The findings indicate a gradual increase in climate risk disclosure throughout the sample period. This study also finds that certain board characteristics and investment in innovation are significant determinants of a firm’s approach toward identifying and mitigating risks arising from rapid climate change. This study has implications for practitioners, policymakers and academicians who strive toward creating resilient and sustainable organizations.

Research limitations/implications
This study is relevant for practitioners as it identifies an increasing trend in the identification and reporting of climate risk disclosure in the sample firms. This would be beneficial for managers and other stakeholders of the organizations who would be interested in the mitigation of climate risk. The organizational leadership may identify key parameters of their firms, which helps them prepare against the adverse impact of climate change on business.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate climate risk disclosure practices of large listed companies in India. This study highlights how large Indian companies are developing an overall approach for identifying and mitigating risks associated with rapid climate change, which has not been conducted for any economy.
National Sports Networks rights fees: the influence of fantasy sports participation and women’s sports content
Authors: Das Muralee , O’Reilly Norm , Evans Kelly , Pasqualicchio Gary 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe aims of this study are to, first, articulate the drivers for predicting rights fees in television sports programming on National Sports Networks (NSNs) and, second, to further investigate the interrelationships of the identified drivers.Design/methodology/approachThe entire annual (24-h days over 12 months) schedule of a NSN is assessed using a series of regression models to determine the drivers, magnitude (Study 1) and interrelationships (Study 2) of those drivers, on the rights fees paid (or received in some cases) by the network to (from) those sports properties.FindingsTV ratings are found to be a driver for identifying rights fees for television sports programs. However, there are other drivers to consider, including the very strong influence of off-the-field engagement. Another finding is the negative influence that deal length has on rights fees, with longer deals providing security but lower fees. The geography of the sports property also influences rights fees. The inclusion of female sports content resulted in lower fantasy sports participation (H1). Active fantasy sports participation has a positive relationship with television ratings (H2), rights fees (H3) and increased viewership of actual matches or games (H4).Originality/valueActive fantasy sports participation contributed positively to rights fees, and women’s sports content had an inverse effect on active fantasy sports participation. The association between the inclusion of female sports on broadcasts and fantasy sports participation requires intervention and further investigation into why this relationship is negative. The knowledge that participation in fantasy sports results in increased ratings and rights fees, that television ratings mediate the fantasy sports/rights fees relationship and that it supports the importance of fantasy sports for sports properties and media organizations.
Experiential virtual reality or informational video advertising? Assessing promotional effect on sport interest
Authors: Zhu Dong Hong 
Published: January 2025

PurposePromoting people’s interest in sports is not only important to sports enterprises to improve financial performance but also to the healthy development of the whole society. As virtual reality (VR) devices become more accessible and consumers’ demand for immersive experiences increases, VR advertising is gradually attracting the attention of advertisers. However, there is limited research on what situations are more suitable for VR advertising compared to traditional advertising forms in promoting people’s sport interest. This study aims to compare the influence of experiential VR advertising and informational video advertising on sport interest.Design/methodology/approachAs sports programs are advertised not only to novices but also to experienced people, this study investigates the interaction effect of advertising type (experiential VR vs informational video) and previous experience (high vs low) on promoting sport interest. We recruited 216 participants. They were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: an experiential VR advertisement of table tennis played by using a VR headset and an informational video advertisement of table tennis watched on a PC.FindingsThe results show that experiential VR advertising generates higher sport interest than informational video advertising for those with low previous experience and vividness and presence play a sequential mediating role. For those with high previous experience, there was no significant difference between the two advertising forms.Originality/valueThe findings extend sport advertising research with different advertising types and complement the new moderator of previous experience, providing a new perspective for insight into the differences between VR advertising and video advertising.