bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluación del razonamiento clínico anterógrado en residentes de pediatría de un hospital de tercer nivel
Authors: Rizzoli-Córdoba Antonio , Peña-Alonso Yolanda Rocío , Pacheco-Ríos Aarón , Cerón-Rodríguez Magdalena , Pizarro-Castellanos Mariel 
Published: February 2024

Introducción: En el razonamiento clínico anterógrado, el médico realiza inferencias acerca de la enfermedad del paciente, con base en los datos obtenidos del interrogatorio y la exploración física. A través de estos se va fortaleciendo la hipótesis hasta establecer un diagnóstico.
Objetivo: Evaluar las diferencias en el razonamiento clínico anterógrado, enfocado en la hipótesis diagnóstica inicial, en grupos con distinto nivel de experiencia clínica en pediatría (estudiantes, médicos aceptados para iniciar la residencia [MAIR] y residentes).
Métodos: Se diseñaron dos casos clínicos (diagnóstico frecuente y diagnóstico infrecuente). Para cada caso se elaboraron viñetas y cinco preguntas seriadas relacionadas con: interrogatorio, exploración física, estudios de laboratorio/gabinete, diagnóstico y tratamiento. El dato más sugerente para establecer el diagnóstico se incluyó como opción de la pregunta inicial. Se reunió a los participantes y se proyectó cada una de las viñetas. Después de cada viñeta se proyectó cada una de las preguntas, las cuales contestaban en una hoja de respuestas para evitar la posibilidad de modificación al conocer las preguntas subsecuentes.
Resultados: Se aplicaron los casos a 154 participantes, 69 (44.8%) estudiantes, 38 (24.7%) MAIR y 47 (40.5%) residentes de la institución. Entre los grupos, se encontraron diferencias en los diagnósticos correctos para la enfermedad frecuente (estudiantes vs. MAIR y residentes OR = 0.484, IC 95%: 0.235 a 0.997; residentes vs. estudiantes y MAIR OR=3.5, IC95%: 1.67 a 7.29) pero no en los diagnósticos infrecuentes. Se encontró una asociación significativa al elaborar el diagnóstico correcto dado que la primera respuesta fue acertada en todos los grupos tanto en el caso de diagnóstico infrecuente (OR= 62, IC95%: 19.32 - 198.89) como para el caso de diagnóstico frecuente (OR = 9.96, IC 95%: 4.36 - 2.71).
Conclusión: El razonamiento anterógrado mejora con la experiencia clínica en el diagnóstico frecuente; el determinante fundamental para un diagnóstico correcto es la hipótesis inicial.
Construcción de mallas por competencias para el curso de fisiología
Authors: Rillo Arturo G. , Martínez-Carrillo Beatriz Elina , De Hoyos Martinez Luis Guillermo , Arceo Guzman Mario E. , Elizalde Valdés Victor Manuel , Jaimes García Javier 
Published: February 2024

Introducción: La formación médica basada en competencias requiere construir mallas por competencias para desarrollar los cursos de asignaturas preclínicas, como es el caso de la fisiología.
Objetivo: El estudio se realizó con el propósito de elaborar la malla por competencias para el curso de fisiología donde se indiquen las tareas así como los conocimientos, habilidades, actitudes y valores que deberá apropiar el estudiante de medicina.
Método: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo desde el enfoque interpretativo utilizando la metodología de los proyectos de investigación de Lakatos en tres etapas: análisis de contexto, integración empírica, coherencia heurística.
Resultados: La malla por competencias permite anticipar los resultados del aprendizaje. Para elaborarla se identificó el sistema de categorías (saberes básicos de la fisiología, profesionalismo, transferencia de saberes a la práctica clínica, pensamiento analítico, habilidades comunicativas, gestión del conocimiento y aprendizaje permanente, desarrollo personal y profesional). Se identificaron 8 núcleos firmes (campos temáticos) que sintetizan saberes teóricosy prácticos de naturaleza científica y clínica sobre la función del cuerpo humano, dando sentido a las competencias específicas (cinturón protector) que desarrolla el estudiante durante el curso de fisiología. Los métodos que apropia el estudiante son (coherencia heurística): método científico, método estadístico, método epidemiológico, método clínico y método deliberativo de la bioética. La malla por competencias construida para el curso de fisiología engarza las competencias del perfil profesional en las siguientes áreas: homeostasis y líquidos corporales, aparato cardiovascular, digestivo, respiratorio, renal, sistema endócrino, aparato reproductor y sistema nervioso.
Conclusión: La construcción de mallas por competencias es metodológicamente compleja. La formación médica en fisiología posee “núcleos firmes” y “cinturones protectores” que vinculan saberes declarativos, habilidades (conceptuales, metodológicas y procedimentales), actitudes y valores. Las competencias de fisiología son de naturaleza inicial y se requiere incluir actividades de aprendizaje sustentadas en el laboratorio de habilidades clínicas y campos clínicos.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL DI ERA DIGITALISASI BAGI SISWA SISWI SMK ASS’ADATUL ABADIYAH MUARAGEMBONG KABUPATEN BEKASI
Authors: Reza Bobby , Parulian Ronald , Kamaruddin Muhammad Junaid , Permatasari Sheila Silvia , Chandra Martin Purnama , Angelina Melani , Taohid Ahmad 
Published: February 2024

Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi mewajibkan 3 pilar utama, pengajaran, penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat, pengabdian masyarakat bertujuan untuk meningkatkan harkat dan derajat masyarakat ditempat pengabdian yang dituju. Pengabdian Masyarakat ditujukan di daerah Muara Gembong Kabupaten Bekasi. Masyarakat Muara Gembong yang mayoritas petani dan nelayan belum sepenuhnya memanfaatkan media sosial untuk meningkatkan derajat kehidupan sosial mereka, hal ini mendorong terwujudnya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat. Ditujukan untuk kalangan pemuda usia pelajar sekolah menengah dengan harapan mereka akan menjadi pelopor perubahan dan pelopor peningkatan kualitas kehidupan melalui media sosial. Kegiatan pemanfaatan media sosial ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman baik secara teori maupun praktik tentang pemanfaatan media sosial di era digitalisasi pada siswa-siswi SMK Ass'datul Abadiyah Muaragembong Kabupaten Bekasi. Melalui Pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan bekal dan menyiapkan lulusan SMK yang bisa langsung terjun ke dunia bisnis secara digital dalam pemanfaatan media sosial. Metode yang diimplementasikan pada pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah dengan mengadakan kegiatan sosialisasi, pemberian pemahaman mengenai seluk beluk media sosial, penggunaan Facebook, Instagram dan Youtube dalam era digital saat ini, Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini diawali dengan tahap persiapan, pemberian materi dan praktik mengunakan media sosial. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa-siswi SMK Ass'adatul Abadiyah Muaragembong mampu memanfaatkan media sosial menjadi sistem kerja digital marketing untuk sebuah usaha dan branding produk. Kegiatan pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan dan meningkatkan kesadaran akan peran media sosial di era digital saat ini yang akan berdampak pada meningkatnya harkat dan derajat masyarakat di Muara Gembong.
Legal Goals and Means Manipulation: Foundations of the Theory
Authors: Subochev V. V. , Kulikov M. A. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Despite the fact that manipulative technologies for influencing social relations have now become extremely widespread, the study of legal goals and means manipulation as one of the main forms of manipulative influence on social processes remains outside the scope of research by representatives of both the general theory of state and law and branch legal sciences. According to the authors, this situation indicates that modern legal science in this regard clearly lags behind the needs of legal practice and is not able to offer a reasonable solution to very pressing problems associated with the large-scale and everyday manipulative use of legal instruments. Materials and methods. The authors of the presented article actively used both general scientific and specific scientific methods, among which we can highlight dialectical, systemic, formal legal, legal modeling, structural-functional, comparative legal, etc.The results of the study. As a result of the research, the authors of the article developed the basics of the concept of legal goals and means manipulation. In particular, the work outlined the author’s vision of the essence and specifics of legal goals manipulating, and studied the features of the manipulative use of both stimulating and restrictive legal means. Special attention was paid to the analysis of the technologies of legal goals and means manipulating, carried out on the basis of specific examples.Discussion and conclusion. The work substantiates the position according to which legal goals and means manipulation is understood as a form of lawful behavior carried out with the help of implicit tactics or strategy, which consists of setting or using legal goals, as well as of creating or using legal means in the interests of the subject of management (manipulator) contrary to the true needs and interests of the object controlled (manipulated). The point of view is defended according to which the challenges and threats that Russia is currently facing necessitate the creation of a state strategy to counter goals and means manipulation.
Analysis of the range, economic availability and volume of consumption of antiestrogens for the hormone therapy of ER(+) HER2(−) breast cancer
Authors: Mishchenko O. Ya. , Greshko Iu. I. , Adonkina V. Yu. , Surikov O. O. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To study the range, economic availability and consumption volumes of antiestrogens for the hormone therapy of ER(+) HER2(−) breast cancer.
Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis of the range, as well as the analysis of changes in average retail prices, economic availability and consumption volumes of hormone therapy for ER(+) HER2(−) breast cancer presented at the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in 2017-2022 were performed.
Results. At the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in 2017-2022, 3 INNs of anti-estrogens were presented during the entire period under study: tamoxifen (L02B A01), toremifene (L02B A02) and fulvestrant (L02B A03). The value of the solvency adequacy ratio (Ca.s.) of the population for each drug under research decreased at the end of the study period. For almost every trade name (TN) of the drugs studied during individual years, the Ca.s. indicator was slightly higher than in the previous period, but this was not systemic in nature and did not affect the general trend of decreasing Ca.s., which, in turn, indicated an increase in the affordability of all TN of antiestrogens studied for an average citizen of Ukraine. There is an overall clear trend towards a year-on-year decrease in the consumption of anti-estrogens mainly due to a decrease in the consumption of tamoxifen drugs, but there is a steady trend towards an increase in the consumption of fulvestrant.
Conclusions. At the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine within 2017-2022, anti-estrogens for the hormone therapy of ER(+) HER2(–) breast cancer were presented by 3 INNs: tamoxifen, toremifene and fulvestrant. It has been found that for almost all drugs studied there is a steady trend towards increasing economic availability due to an increase in average wages, despite an increase in average retail prices. A trend towards a decrease in the consumption of drugs from the group of anti-estrogens has been determined mainly due to a decrease in the consumption of tamoxifen drugs.
The study of current functional responsibilities of pharmaceutical workers and their acquisition of soft and hard skills adapted to modern conditions
Authors: Zarichkova M. V. , Mishina І. Yu. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To study trends and changes in the list of functional responsibilities of pharmaceutical workers (PW) and their acquisition of soft and hard skills adapted to modern conditions taking into account the professional opinion of PW.
Materials and methods. For our study, information on the state regulation of healthcare institutions (HCIs) in the conditions of military aggression and the current state of crisis, a review of scientific literature, and the results of personal research were used. Such scientific methods as analysis, comparison, comparison, questionnaires and direct observations were applied. The results were processed and verified using licensed Microsoft Office Excel software products.
Results. The study involved 212 respondents in such positions as the head of a pharmacy, pharmacist, assistant pharmacist, clinical pharmacist (CP). The research has shown that employers need to update job descriptions and balance them with job cards to better understand the employees’ responsibilities and achievements and analyze the employer’s key performance indicators (KPIs) that show how a particular employee or an entire department is moving toward the achievement of the goal set during the daily work.
Conclusions. A sociological study has been conducted among the employees of HCIs, such as pharmacies, pharmacy branches, hospitals, and treatment and prevention institutions. For each position, the most significant functional responsibilities and desired KRI have been determined. It has been found that for the further effective development of pharmaceutical support for the population it is necessary to update the job descriptions and balance them with job cards to better understand employees’ responsibilities and achievements and analyze the employer’s KPIs.
Antiplatelet resistance among a cohort of patients at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Okeahialam Basil Nwaneri , Akor Emmanuel , Shut Gabriel , Ifeacho Ogo , Dauda Bangalu , Sirisena Anil , Amusa Ganiyu Adeniyi 
Published: February 2024

Objectives:
Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) are predisposed to atherothrombosis and ischemic phenomena. Antiplatelets mitigate this but not consistently, as these ischemic events still occur despite their administration. This is called antiplatelet resistance. We sought to see how much of this occurs in our patients since its rate is bound to differ from place to place. The burden of antiplatelet resistance has not been determined in our environment.

Material and Methods:
Patients at risk of ASCVD who were receiving antiplatelet treatments were invited to participate in this study. They were enrolled first into a two week wash out phase, after which baseline aggregometry and full blood count were done. They were then given either Aspirin or Clopidogrel for four weeks and had the same blood work-up repeated. The Aggregometer was used to determine the platelet aggregability at these different times. If the second set showed >10% reduction from baseline, such patients were adjudged sensitive. A reduction <10% of the first value defined resistance.

Results:
Twenty patients (15 F/5 M) were in Group 1 and received a low dose of Aspirin (75 mg), the age range of 42–76 years, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 60.75 (10.45). Twenty-six were in Group 2 (18 F/8 M) and received low dose clopidogrel (75 mg), with an age range of 23–87 years and a mean (SD) of 58.08 (14.18). Fifteen (75%) were sensitive in Group 1 (Aspirin) with 25% resistant. For Clopidogrel, 14 (53.85%) were sensitive and 12 (46.15%) resistant. In a few cases, the aggregability actually increased paradoxically on treatment.

Conclusion:
Antiplatelet resistance also occurs in our environment; it is worse for Clopidogrel than for Aspirin. These are people who, despite being on antiplatelets, would go on to develop these atherothrombotic ischemic phenomena. Efforts to identify the predictors of this phenomenon of resistance and work out effective counteractions should be encouraged.
Frequency of Rh and Kell antigens among blood donors: A retrospective analysis from a tertiary care center in Eastern India
Authors: Ranjan Shweta , Khan Md Atik , Kumar Rakesh , Das Bankim , Singh Neha , Nayan Nishith , Lahare Saurabh 
Published: February 2024

Objectives:
The phenotyping of Rh and Kell antigens plays a major role in preventing alloimmunization and adverse events in multi-transfused patients. This study tries to highlight the frequency of Rh and Kell antigens among the blood donors who donated blood at a tertiary care center located in Eastern India.

Material and Methods:
The study was conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, from January 2021 to March 2023 on 10,032 whole blood donors of blood groups A, B, O, and AB by column agglutination technique using gel cards for blood grouping and phenotyping.

Results:
A total of 10,032 whole blood donors of groups A, B, O, and AB were included in the study. The frequency of “D” antigen was 95.77% (n = 9,608), “C” was 90.47% (n = 9,076), “c” was 50.47% (n = 5,063), “E” was 15.9% (n = 1,595), “e” was 99% (n = 9,932), and “K” was 2.67% (n = 268). “c” antigen frequency was 45.81–49.48% in RhD positive blood groups and 100% in all the RhD negative blood groups while “C” antigen frequency was 92.04–94.68% in RhD positive blood groups, and 4–24.13% in RhD negative blood groups.

Conclusion:
Since pre-transfusion phenotyping in multi-transfusion patients is not routinely practiced, transfusion of at least Rh and Kell phenotyped donor red cells can lead to a great decrease in the risk of alloimmunization and adverse events related to transfusion.
Isolate restrained domination in graphs
Authors: S. Palaniammal  , B. Kalins  
Published: February 2024

A dominating set \(D\) of a graph \(G\) is said to be a restrained dominating set (RDS) of \(G\) if every vertex of \(V-D\) has a neighbor in \(V-D\). A RDS is said to be an isolate restrained dominating set(IRDS) if \(<D>\) has at least one isolated vertex.
The minimum cardinality of a minimal IRDS of $G$ is called the isolate restrained domination number(IRDN), denoted by \(\gamma_{r,0}(G)\). This paper contains basic properties of IRDS and gives the IRDN for the families of graphs such as paths, cycles, complete \(k\)-partite graphs and some other graphs.
The Potential of Hot Water Mudiak Sapan Thermophilic Bactery Consortium Formulation in Producing Xylanase Enzyme
Authors: Irdawati  , Matondang Indrawani , Advinda Linda , Anhar Azwir , Y Yusrizal 
Published: February 2024

The xylanase enzyme has high commercial value in the industrial sector, including the food industry, animal feed, bleaching of pulp/pulp, lignocellulosic bioconversion as fuel, and in the food industry, namely the cheese, bread and meat industries, while in the non-food industry this can be used in detergents. Xylanase enzymes can be produced from microorganisms, one of which is thermophilic bacteria. Thermophilic bacteria are known to be able to produce thermostable enzymes and proteins that are heat resistant. Xylanase production in compatible bacterial consortia was higher than monoculture. The purpose of this study was to determine the bicultur consortium that has the potential to produce xylanase enzymes. This research is an experimental research. Enzyme activity testing used the Miller method with DNS (Dinitrosalycilic acid) reagent using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 repetitions. Data on the results of xylanase activity were analyzed by ANOVA test and DMRT follow-up test with a 5% significance level.The results of the thermophilic bacterial isolates in the consortium that have the potential to produce xylanase enzymes are MS18 & MSS15, MSS15, MS16 and MS18 & MS16.
The Effect of Vermicomposting and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Bok Choy (Brassica rapa L)
Authors: Marianti Reni , Raksun Ahmad , Merta I Wayan 
Published: February 2024

One source of nutrients that influences how a plant grows and produces is fertilizer. fertilization that is possible with both inorganic and organic fertilizers. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the development of bok choy is impacted by vermicompost, NPK fertilizer, and their combination. Design using RAL two components with five fertilization levels each, repeated three times, such that the experimental unit employed up to 75 plants. The first factor is the dose of vermicompost organic fertilizer consisting of K 0 = 0 gr (control), K1 = 50 gr, K2 = 100 gr, K3 = 150 gr and K4 = 200 gr. The second factor is the dose of NPK fertilizer (16:16:16) consisting of N 0 = 0 gr (control), N 1 = 0.3 gr, N2 = 0.6 gr, N3 = 0.9 gr and N4 = 1.2 gr. The ANOVA test was used to evaluate the data. The findings revealed that the vermicompost treatment had no appreciable impact on the plant's height, number of leaves, leaf area, wet weight, or dry weight characteristics. The use of NPK fertilizer has a sizable influence on plant properties such as height, leaf count, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight. Vermicompost and NPK fertilizer together have a considerable influence on the metrics of plant height, leaf count, wet weight, and dry weight.
Outcome for the group SL(2,57)
Authors: S Niran Sabah Jasim , Mohammed Salah Aldeen Zidan  , Azza I.M.S. Abu-Shams  , Ahmad Issa  
Published: February 2024

The set of all (n×n) non-singular matrices over the field F this set forms a group under the operation of matrix multiplication. This group is called the general linear group of dimension over the field F, denoted by . The determinant of these matrices is a homomorphism from into F* and the kernel of this homomorphism was the special linear group and denoted by Thus is the subgroup of which contains all matrices of determinant one.
The rational valued characters of the rational representations written as a linear combination of the induced characters for the groups discuss in this paper and find the Artin indicator for this group after study the rational valued characters of the rational representations and the induced characters.
Sarcasm in Social Media: A Study of Comments on Sam Smith's Instagram Posts
Authors: Fadilah Iraisha , Agus Wijayanto  
Published: February 2024

This study aims to explain the types of sarcasm expressions and determine the purpose of sarcsm used by netizens in Sam Smith's Instagram comment column. Descriptive qualitative was used in this research. The objects of the research were sarcasm in netizen comments on Sam Smith's Instagram posts and their intended meaning. Documentation was employed to collect the research data and content analysis was employed to observe the sarcasm. The findings revealed that four types of sarcasm were used by netizens to comment Sam Smith's Instagram posts, including propositional, lexical, like - prefix, and illocutionary sarcasm. The study found five purposes of sarcasm: sophistication, evaluation, politeness, persuassive communication, and retraction.