bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generating ICS vulnerability playbooks with open standards
Authors: Empl Philip , Schlette Daniel , Stöger Lukas , Pernul Günther 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrganizations face attacks on industrial control systems (ICS) as vulnerabilities are pervasive. However, patching vulnerable systems by simply updating to the newest version is often not an option and shifts focus to workarounds. Beyond pure patching, workarounds specify other remediation measures (e.g., firewall or VPN configuration) that must be taken due to system availability requirements, complexity, or heterogeneous devices. In this paper, we introduce vulnerability playbooks based on open standards. Pushing the envelope of cybersecurity playbooks—steps organizations should follow when responding to cybersecurity incidents reactively—for ICS vulnerability management offers organizations a more transparent, repeatable process and faster, possibly automated actions. We have designed a process model to collect and transform security advisories in Common Security Advisory Framework (CSAF) format and generate Collaborative Automated Course of Action Operations (CACAO) playbooks based on listed remediation advice. With a proof of concept, we demonstrate that structured CSAF documents can be seamlessly transformed into CACAO playbooks. For our industrial use case, we must also use unstructured security advice highlighting quality differences (compared to CSAF). Our generated 79 standard conformant CACAO playbooks with 485 identified actions hint at imbalanced advice toward patching. Preferably, vendors should include detailed technical remediation advice, provide APIs, and go beyond patching recommendations in their security advisories. Subscribers should structure their assets and use machine learning to normalize, generate, and prioritize CACAO playbooks. With CSAF and CACAO, we see two open standards for handling vulnerabilities.
Detection of African swine fever virus and wild boar eDNA in soil and turbid water samples: towards environmental surveillance
Authors: Varzandi Amir Reza , Zanet Stefania , Seano Patricia Barroso , Occhibove Flavia , Vada Rachele , Benatti Francesco , Mayordomo Pablo Palencia , Ferroglio Ezio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSince 2007, an ongoing African swine fever (ASF) pandemic has significantly impacted Eurasia. Extensive field evidence and modeling confirm the central role of wild boar in ASF epidemiology. To effectively control and eradicate the infection, rapid detection of the ASF virus (ASFV) is crucial for prompt intervention in areas of recent viral introduction or ongoing outbreaks. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a cost-effective and non-invasive technique that has shown promising results in monitoring animal species and their pathogens and has the potential to be used for wildlife disease surveillance. In this study, we designed and evaluated an eDNA sampling method for highly turbid water and soil samples to detect ASFV and wild boar (Sus scrofa) DNA as a control using qPCR while ensuring biosafety measures and evaluating ASF epidemiology. To validate our method, we obtained samples from La Mandria Regional Park (LMRP) in northwestern Italy, an area free of ASFV, and spiked them in a laboratory setting with an ASFV’s synthetic DNA template. Our findings highlight the potential of eDNA monitoring as a reliable, rapid, and safe method for early detection of ASFV from soil and turbid water samples.
Relating community capacity to the adoption of an evidence-based prevention strategy: a community-level analysis
Authors: Birgel Vera , Walter Ulla , Röding Dominik 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim
In community-based prevention, adopting an evidence-based strategy is known to predict prevention success. Evidence-based prevention includes a theoretical framework, empirical assessment, effective programs, and monitoring of community efforts and outcomes. This study aims to examine the extent to which community capacity explains variation in evidence-based prevention, a known predictor of community-based prevention success.

Subject and methods
The present study is a secondary data analysis based on a survey of 182 key informants in 38 communities. To determine the validity of the measurement, structural validity, internal consistency, and inter-rater agreement were assessed. Associations between adoption of evidence-based prevention and ten domains of community capacity (participation, knowledge & skills, resources, leadership, community power, collaboration consisting of prevention collaboration and sectoral-collaboration, sense of community, critical awareness & problem solving, and community structure) were investigated at the community level using logistic regression models.

Results
Most findings of the validation analysis indicate that the community capacity domains could be reliably measured using key informant reports. Results of logistic regression models indicate that adopting evidence-based prevention is related to increased sense of community (OR 6.62; 95 % CI 2.39-18.39), prevention collaboration (OR 26.05; 95 % CI 5.98-33.39), sectoral-collaboration (OR 10.49; 95 % CI 4.04-27.25), community power (19.29; 1.74-28.12), and community structure (OR 4.79; 95 % CI 1.85-12.43). Availability of leadership was predictive of higher chances of adopting evidence-based prevention (OR 5.21; 95 % CI 1.93-14.02).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that communities with higher community capacity have increased chances of adopting an evidence-based prevention strategy.

Trial registration
This study was registered with German Clinical Trial Register: DRKS00022819 on Aug 18, 2021.
Some Remarks on Recent Formalist Responses to the Hole Argument
Authors: Menon Tushar , Read James 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn a recent article, Halvorson and Manchak (Br J Philos Sci, Forthcoming) claim that there is no basis for the Hole Argument, because (in a certain sense) hole isometries are unique. This raises two important questions: (a) does their argument succeed?; (b) how does this formalist response to the Hole Argument relate to other recent responses to the Hole Argument in the same tradition—in particular, that of Weatherall (Br J Philos Sci 69(2):329–350, 2018)? In this article, ad (a), we argue that Halvorson and Manchak’s claim does not go through; ad (b), we argue that although one prima facie plausible reading would see Halvorson and Manchak as filling an important hole (no pun intended) in Weatherall’s argument, in fact this reading is implausible; there is no need to supplement Weatherall’s work with Halvorson and Manchak’s results.
Environmental sustainability of Finnish pork production: life cycle assessment of climate change and water scarcity impacts
Authors: Hietala Sanna , Usva Kirsi , Vieraankivi Marja-Liisa , Vorne Virpi , Nousiainen Jouni , Leinonen Ilkka 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The degrading impacts of livestock production on the environment are well acknowledged. Although ruminants are much studied due to their large contribution to climate change impact, monogastrics are also known to carry a significant load, and mitigation options need investigation. Here, the climate change impact and water scarcity impact of Finnish pork production was investigated using the life cycle assessment approach.

Methods
As the importance of communicating reliable environmental information has been acknowledged in the EU, methods and guidance for this purpose have been developed. Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules have also been published for several food product categories, although not yet for meat. Here, the life cycle assessment methods were used based on PEFCR guidance and the draft version of red meat PEFCR guidance to achieve a reliable, transparent and comparable assessment.

Results
Finnish pork production resulted in a climate change impact of 3.6 kg CO2 eq. kgCW−1 and a water scarcity impact of 0.69 m3 eq. kgCW−1. The largest contribution to the climate change impact came from feed crop production, with an impact of 43%. Land-use changes were included, and their contribution to the Finnish pork climate change impact was 3%. Similarly, in the water scarcity impact, feed crop production was a major contributor, with 41% from fattening pig feed production. Significant contributions to both categories also came from piglet production, including feed crop production, and to the climate change impact from manure storage.

Conclusions
Finnish production was seen to already largely utilise sidestreams and domestic feed ingredients, although, e.g. soybean is still used. Based on the results, in mitigating the environmental impacts of Finnish pork production, attention should especially be paid to the resource-efficient production of domestic feed crops and reduced use of organic soils. As current assessment models are unable to grasp the impacts of regenerative farming techniques, the development of LCA methods is also required. Water scarcity impact was seen to be largely affected by the utilisation of feed crops originating from water-scarce countries. As a mitigation measure, the procurement of these feed crops and ingredients should therefore be directed to water-abundant areas and from production which does not depend on irrigation water or the extensive use of synthetic inputs.
Armed Conflict and Urbanization in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique: A Methodology for a Critical Inquiry
Authors: Agostinho do Amaral Silvia M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMainstream urban theory fails to encompass urbanization in Africa. Among its many drivers, armed conflicts displace rural populations to cities, accelerating urban processes and impacting sustainability and governance — the phenomenon of conflict-induced urbanization. In the province of Cabo Delgado, a violent insurgency has been displacing thousands of civilians since 2017; many of whom have fled to the provincial capital Pemba, doubling its population in just 5 years. This article presents the theoretical framework and methodological design for an inquiry located within a contemporary critique of mainstream urban studies; the goal is to analyse conflict-induced urbanization in Pemba with a comparative case study, using participatory visual methods, for which a pilot study took place in September 2022. With this, the author aims to contribute to engaged urban studies in Mozambique and Portugal and to transform the trauma of war into opportunities for sustainable development and prosperity.
A Systems Evaluation Model for the Development of Companion Diagnostics and Associated Molecularly Targeted Therapies
Authors: Okamura Kozue , Tsuchiya Hiroki , Hamada Risa , Hayashi Yusuke , Badr Sara , Ohta Seiichi , Sugiyama Hirokazu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are important active ingredients of molecularly targeted drugs, which are only effective for specific patient groups. Early assessment of their effectiveness is important for more efficient use of time and resources. Companion diagnostics (CDx) are medical devices or tests to identify groups of promising patients based on specific biomarkers. This work offers a systems evaluation model and a comprehensive assessment from multiple stakeholder perspectives.

Methods
This work introduces a new systems model for assessing available treatment options. Process system diagrams, consisting of independently defined unit structures, are applied to represent the expected decision points and outcomes. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the critical requirements for achieving cost-effectiveness. The model was applied to a case of terminal colorectal cancer treatment to compare mAb drugs to standard therapy.

Results
The results showed that from the payers’ perspective, the cost and response rates of the mAb drug were critical parameters to improve for achieving the target cost-effectiveness. The results give quantitative guidance for the required improvement.

Conclusion
This work represents an important step towards a fair and systematic assessment of treatment alternatives and serves as a guideline for future CDx and therapy technology development efforts.
“A Lesser of Two Evils”: Arguments Around Same-Sex Parenting Rights in University Students’ Discourse in the Republic of Cyprus
Authors: Kadianaki Irini , Figgou Lia , Savva Konstantinos 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
While there is extensive quantitative research on factors related to support/opposition of attitudes towards same-sex parenting (SSP), relevant qualitative research is limited, despite the need to identify subtle and ambivalent forms of prejudice. In this study we examined ways that young people, university students at the Republic of Cyprus formulated favourable arguments that constructed only at first appearance supportive representations of SSP.

Methods
Data were collected in 2021–2022, through 11 focus group discussions with undergraduate and graduate students (26 females and 16 males, 18–27 years old), of different fields of study. Following the principles of discursive/rhetorical analysis, we identified three argumentative lines, all of which included contrasts and comparisons.

Results
The first argumentative line juxtaposed SSP to being raised in an orphanage, the second to irresponsible/disadvantaged (single) parenting and the third compared the upbringing of children in same-sex to that in heterosexual families. All arguments demonstrate a seemingly supportive stance towards SSP rights. Nevertheless, drawing on heteronormative norms, they construct SSP as “a lesser of two evils” and undermine seemingly positive attributes of same-sex families, through reference to children’s exposure to adverse societal reactions.

Policy Implications
We discuss the implications of the findings for SSP social recognition and for sexual citizenship. We also discuss the implications of this approach for attitude research on the topic, underscoring the ideological implications of ‘attitudinal discourse’.
Potentiality realism: a realistic and indeterministic physics based on propensities
Authors: Del Santo Flavio , Gisin Nicolas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe propose an interpretation of physics named potentiality realism. This view, which can be applied to classical as well as to quantum physics, regards potentialities (i.e. intrinsic, objective propensities for individual events to obtain) as elements of reality, thereby complementing the actual properties taken by physical variables. This allows one to naturally reconcile realism and fundamental indeterminism in any theoretical framework. We discuss our specific interpretation of propensities, that require them to depart from being probabilities at the formal level, though allowing for statistics and the law of large numbers. This view helps reconcile classical and quantum physics by showing that most of the conceptual problems that are customarily taken to be unique issues of the latter -- such as the measurement problem -- are actually in common to all indeterministic physical theories.
Inpatient Evaluation and Management of Generalized Pustular Dermatoses
Authors: Davis Mitchell S. , Spencer Riley K. , Elhage Kareem G. , Jin Joy Q. , Hakimi Marwa , Liao Wilson , Arakaki Ryan Y. , Bhutani Tina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the evaluation and management of the most encountered pustular dermatoses in the inpatient setting.

Recent Findings
Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and acneiform eruptions are three pustular dermatoses encountered in the inpatient setting. New insights into the pathophysiology of these diseases are guiding the investigation of novel treatments for pustular dermatoses.

Summary
Although cases of pustular dermatoses are often benign and self-limited, careful evaluation and management are indicated as severe cases may pose legitimate health risks and require systemic therapy. Biologic agents are playing a larger role in the management of pustular dermatoses such as GPP.
Multi-functionalization of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for tumor theragnosis: Synthesis, characterization, enzyme assay, in-silico study, radiolabeling and in vivo targeting evaluation
Authors: Sakr Tamer M. , Elsabagh Mohammed F. , Fayez Hend , Sarhan Mona O. , Syam Yasmin M. , Anwar Manal M. , Motaleb Mohammed A. , Zaghary Wafaa A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
In this study, a combination of nanotechnology, organic synthesis and radiochemistry were utilized in order to design an efficient nano-system conjugated with a suitable radionuclide and an antitumor agent for possible application as tumor theragnostic agent.

Method
Four novel compounds (3 and 4a-c) bearing tetrahydroquinazoline-7-sulfonohydrazide or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazoline-7-sulfonamide scaffold were designed. Then, docking study predicted that the compounds can be considered as potential inhibitors for PARP-1. Following that; the four compounds were synthesized and properly characterized using 1HNMR, 13CNMR, IR and Mass spectroscopy. The cytotoxic effect of the four compounds was evaluated against breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-436), where compound 3 showed the most promising cytotoxic effect. The inhibitory effect of the four compounds was evaluated in vitro against PARP-1.

Result
Carboxylated graphene oxide nanosheets (NGO-COOH) were synthesized by a modified Hummer's method and has size of range 40 nm. The NGO-COOH nanosheets were proven to be safe and biocompatible when tested in vitro against normal human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5). The prepared NGO-COOH nanosheets were conjugated with compound 3 then radiolabeled with 99mTc to yield 99mTc-NGO-COOH-3 with a radiochemical yield of 98.5.0 ± 0.5%. 99mTc-NGO-COOH-3 was injected intravenously in solid tumor bearing mice to study the degree of localization of the nano-system at tumor tissue. The results of the study revealed, excellent localization and retention of the designed nano-system at tumor tissues with targeting ratio of 9.0.

Conclusion
Stirred a new candidate tumor theragnostic agent that is safe, selective and stable.

Graphical abstract
Gait recognition based on multi-feature representation and temporal modeling of periodic parts
Authors: Li Zhenni , Li Shiqiang , Xiao Dong , Gu Zhengmin , Yu Yue 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the ability of 3D convolutional methods to extract spatio-temporal information simultaneously, they also increase parameter redundancy and computational and storage costs. Previous work that has utilized the 2D convolution method has approached the problem in one of two ways: either using the entire body sequence as input to extract global features or dividing the body sequence into several parts to extract local features. However, global information tends to overlook detailed information specific to each body part, while local information fails to capture relationships between local regions. Therefore, this study proposes a new framework for constructing spatio-temporal representations, which involves extracting and fusing features in a novel manner. To achieve this, we introduce the multi-feature extraction-fusion (MFEF) module, which includes two branches: each branch extracts global features or local features individually, after which they are fused using multiple strategies. Additionally, as gait is a periodic action and different body parts contribute unequally to recognition during each cycle, we propose the periodic temporal feature modeling (PTFM) module, which extracts temporal features from adjacent frame parts during the complete gait cycle, based on the fused features. Furthermore, to capture fine-grained information specific to each body part, our framework utilizes multiple parallel PTFMs to correspond with each body part. We conducted a comprehensive experimental study on the widely used public dataset CASIA-B. Results indicate that the proposed approach achieved an average rank-1 accuracy of 97.2% in normal walking conditions, 92.3% while carrying a bag during walking, and 80.5% while wearing a jacket during walking.
Characteristics and mechanism of time on sand powder 3D printing rock analogue: a new method for fractured rock mechanics
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Jiang Lishuai , Li Chunang , Zhao Yang , Sainoki Atsushi , Gong Xuanlin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLaboratory tests are one of the most fundamental and crucial methods in rock mechanics and engineering research. Natural rock specimens are challenging to acquire, and traditional casting methods involve prolonged curing times and cannot produce rock-like specimens with complex internal fractures. Furthermore, 3D printing technologies such as SLA, SLS, and FDM possess inherent limitations. In this study, high-silica sand was used as the printing material, and sand powder 3D printing technology was harnessed to fabricate rock-like specimens. Uniaxial compression tests were performed on specimens with varying placement times, aimed at investigating the impact of placement time on the mechanical properties of sand 3D-printed rock-like specimens. Acoustic emission technology was used to explore the internal state changes during deformation and failure of specimens with different placement times. The findings indicate that the mechanical properties of sand powder 3DP rock-like specimens exhibited no deterioration over time after approximately 7 days of placement. The internal structure remained unchanged across different placement times. This study's outcomes underscore the superiority of sand powder 3D printing technology within the realm of rock mechanics and establish the groundwork for the accurate and efficient fabrication of rock-like specimens through sand powder 3D printing technology in the future.
Atomized scrap powder feedstock for sustainable Inconel 718 additive manufacturing via LPBF: a study of static and fatigue properties
Authors: Benedetti M. , Perini M. , Vanazzi M. , Giorgini A. , Macoretta G. , Menapace C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInconel 718 is a popular superalloy with high strength and corrosion-resistance properties that make it widely used in aerospace and nuclear industries. The conventional production of Inconel 718 powder feedstock involves a considerable amount of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigates the feasibility of using atomized metallic scrap to produce Inconel 718 powder feedstock, as a more sustainable alternative. Life cycle assessments showed that this approach reduces carbon footprint and energy consumption by more than 90% compared to conventional production methods. The study also carried out comparative microstructural, static and fatigue analyses to address concerns about potential impurities in the secondary-source powder feedstock. The results indicate that this secondary-source powder feedstock can achieve properties comparable to those of conventionally processed powders, with negligible loss in ductility and fatigue strength, without requiring ad-hoc tuning of the LPBF process parameters. Overall, the findings suggest that using Inconel 718 powder feedstock produced from secondary sources can be a promising and sustainable alternative to conventional production methods.