bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human neutrophil gene expression profiling following xenogeneic encounter with porcine aortic endothelial cells: the occult role of neutrophils in xenograft rejection revealed
Authors: Al-Mohanna F , Saleh S , Parhar R S , Khabar K , Collison K 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe role of innate immune cells in the recognition and activation of xenogeneic endothelium has always been considered secondary to the initial insult of xenoreactive natural antibodies (XNA) and complement. It was argued, however, that innate immune cells are capable of recognizing and activating xenogeneic endothelium in the absence XNA and complement. Here, we show that porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) activate human neutrophils directly. This contact-dependent activation causes a transient calcium rise leading to increased reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) production. Neutrophil gene-expression profiling using an adenylate uridylate-rich element-based microarray revealed a dramatic change in the neutrophil gene profiles upon exposure to PAECs. The PAEC-dependent neutrophil transcriptional activity was further confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, which revealed a rapid increase in the mRNA message of a number of inflammatory cytokines. The activation of human neutrophils by PAECs was independent of galactose α1,3-galactose (Galα1,3-gal) structures, as inclusion of saturating concentrations of anti-Galα1,3-gal l antibodies had no significant effect. Furthermore, this activation was inhibited in the presence of the calcium chelator 1,2-bis(O-aminophenyl-ethane-ethane)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester and the ROM inhibitor diphelylene iodonium. Our data illustrate the direct activation of innate immune cells by PAECs in the absence of XNA and complement and suggest alternative recognition sites between PAECs and human innate immune cells.
TWIST2 Demonstrates Differential Methylation in Immunoglobulin Variable Heavy Chain Mutated and Unmutated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Raval Aparna , Lucas David M. , Matkovic Jennifer J. , Bennett Kristi L. , Liyanarachchi Sandya , Young Donn C. , Rassenti Laura , Kipps Thomas J. , Grever Michael R. , Byrd John C. , Plass Christoph 
Published: April 2005

Purpose Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clinically heterogeneous disease for which natural history can be predicted based on the presence or absence of immunoglobulin (Ig) variable heavy chain (VH) gene mutations. Herein we report selective epigenetic silencing of the transcription factor TWIST2 (DERMO1) in Ig VH mutated CLL and describe a semiquantitative assay to study promoter methylation of this gene in primary tumor cells. Materials and Methods TWIST2 promoter methylation was identified by restriction landmark genome scanning. Southern blot (SB), bisulfite sequencing, and combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA), and quantitative SB-COBRA was performed to study methylation of the TWIST2 promoter. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were used to study TWIST2 expression in CLL cells. Results Following identification and confirmation of TWIST2 methylation in CLL patients, we demonstrated that expression of this transcription factor is related to the degree of promoter methylation. Expression of TWIST2 in a CLL cell line in which the promoter is methylated was increased following decitabine treatment. We next studied 53 patients by COBRA and demonstrated that 72% of patient samples with mutated Ig VH show TWIST2 methylation, while only 16% of patient samples with unmutated Ig VH were methylated (P < .001). In a subset of patients, methylation of TWIST2 correlated with mRNA expression. Conclusion TWIST2 is differentially methylated in CLL cells relative to Ig VH mutational status and can be quantitatively monitored by SB-COBRA. Based on the known role of TWIST2 in silencing p53 function in other malignancies, future studies should focus on the role of TWIST2 in CLL and related lymphoproliferative diseases.
Expression of bcl-2 in Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma: An Independent Predictor of Poor Outcome
Authors: Sup Stephen J. , Alemañy Carlos A. , Pohlman Brad , Elson Paul , Malhi Serena , Thakkar Snehal , Steinle Roxanne , Hsi Eric D. 
Published: April 2005

Purpose Although most classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (CHL) patients are cured, a significant minority fails primary therapy and may die as a result of their disease. Age, stage, and other basic clinical and laboratory parameters, which comprise the International Prognostic Score (IPS), are used at diagnosis to predict outcome. To date, there is no consensus on biologic markers that add value to these parameters. Patients and Methods We evaluated 107 CHL patients for bcl-2, p53, and p21 expression by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays and correlated the results with outcome. The median follow-up of the 79 surviving patients was 6.8 years. Results Univariate analysis showed that age ≥ 45 years, stage III or IV, and IPS ≥ 3 were associated with a poor failure-free survival (FFS) and overall survival (OS). bcl-2 was expressed in 26% of patients and was associated with poor FFS and a trend for OS. p53 expression in combination with lack of p21 expression was not associated with outcome. Multivariate analysis showed that three factors were independently associated with both FFS and OS: age ≥ 45 years, stage III or IV, and bcl-2 expression. Using these three parameters, a scoring system was devised that stratified patients into three risk groups (with zero, one, or two to three of these risk factors) and a progressively worse FFS and OS (P < .001). Conclusion Expression of bcl-2 in CHL is a useful, independent prognostic marker and can be used in association with clinical parameters to identify newly diagnosed patients with a good, intermediate, or poor prognosis.
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation After Nonmyeloablative Conditioning for Advanced Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Sorror Mohamed L. , Maris Michael B. , Sandmaier Brenda M. , Storer Barry E. , Stuart Monic J. , Hegenbart Ute , Agura Edward , Chauncey Thomas R. , Leis Jose , Pulsipher Michael , McSweeney Peter , Radich Jerald P. , Bredeson Christopher , Bruno Benedetto , Langston Amelia , Loken Michael R. , Al-Ali Haifa , Blume Karl G. , Storb Rainer , Maloney David G. 
Published: April 2005

Purpose Patients with chemotherapy-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have a short life expectancy. The aim of this study was to analyze the outcome of patients with advanced CLL when treated with nonmyeloablative conditioning and hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Patients and Methods Sixty-four patients diagnosed with advanced CLL were treated with nonmyeloablative conditioning (2 Gy total-body irradiation with [n = 53] or without [n = 11] fludarabine) and HCT from related (n = 44) or unrelated (n = 20) donors. An adapted form of the Charlson comorbidity index was used to assess pretransplantation comorbidities. Results Sixty-one of 64 patients had sustained engraftment, whereas three patients rejected their grafts. The incidences of grades 2, 3, and 4 acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease were 39%, 14%, 2%, and 50%, respectively. Three patients who underwent transplantation in complete remission (CR) remained in CR. The overall response rate among 61 patients with measurable disease was 67% (50% CR), whereas 5% had stable disease. All patients with morphologic CR who were tested by polymerase chain reaction (n = 11) achieved negative molecular results, and one of these patients subsequently experienced disease relapse. The 2-year incidence of relapse/progression was 26%, whereas the 2-year relapse and nonrelapse mortalities were 18% and 22%, respectively. Two-year rates of overall and disease-free survivals were 60% and 52%, respectively. Unrelated HCT resulted in higher CR and lower relapse rates than related HCT, suggesting more effective graft-versus-leukemia activity. Conclusion CLL is susceptible to graft-versus-leukemia effects, and allogeneic HCT after nonmyeloablative conditioning might prolong median survival for patients with advanced CLL.
Response to 2 Induction Courses of Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin Therapy Among Patients With High-Risk Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Katims Andrew B. , Tallman Jacob , Vertosick Emily , Porwal Shaun , Dalbagni Guido , Cha Eugene K. , Smith Robert , Benfante Nicole , Herr Harry W. 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceWith the ongoing bacillus Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) shortage, alternate therapeutic options for patients with high-risk non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are needed.ObjectiveTo report the 5-year outcomes of a cohort from a prospective phase 2 trial of patients with high-risk NMIBC who underwent 12 instillations of induction BCG without maintenance.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsBetween November 2015 and June 2018, patients at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center with primary or recurrent NMIBC (high-grade Ta, T1 tumors, with or without carcinoma in situ) were prospectively enrolled to receive 2 induction courses (12 intravesical instillations) of BCG without maintenance therapy. The analysis itself took place on July 28, 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRecurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was assessed by landmark analysis at 7.5 months. Recurrence was defined as pathologic high-grade disease.ResultsAmong 81 patients (65 men [84%] and 12 women [16%] with a median [IQR] age of 72 [64-77] years) who consented to participate in the study, 75 remained evaluable for long-term follow-up analysis. Twenty-one patients experienced high-grade recurrence, yielding a 5-year RFS rate of 69% (95% CI, 58%-81%), with a median (IQR) follow-up of 4.4 (3.8-5.3) years for patients without recurrence. Three patients died of bladder cancer, corresponding to a CSS rate of 97% (95% CI, 93%-100%) with a median (IQR) follow-up of 4.9 (4.2-5.7) years for survivors. Using 2 induction courses reduced the amount of BCG per patient from 27 vials to 12 vials.Conclusion and RelevanceTwelve induction instillations of BCG without maintenance for patients with high-risk NMIBC reduced the number of vials needed per patient while providing acceptable oncologic outcomes. Given the ongoing BCG shortage, this modified regimen may provide a suitable alternative in this setting.
Risk of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Recurrence After Recombinant Zoster Vaccination
Authors: Walia Anushka , Sun Yuwei , Acharya Nisha R. 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceThe recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) is currently recommended for immunocompetent adults aged 50 years or older and immunocompromised adults aged 19 years or older and is effective in preventing herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). However, questions about the safety of RZV in patients with a history of HZO remain.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether there is an increased risk of HZO recurrence after RZV in patients with a history of HZO.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used medical and outpatient pharmacy claims data for commercial and Medicare Advantage enrollees from the Optum Labs Data Warehouse. Patients with incident HZO from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2021, were identified; the study period ended on March 31, 2022. The vaccinated group consisted of patients with at least 1 dose of RZV more than 90 days following the initial HZO diagnosis. The unvaccinated group consisted of patients without any record of RZV in the study period. Vaccinated and unvaccinated patients were matched using exact k:1 matching without replacement.ExposureRecombinant zoster vaccination.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was the number of HZO recurrences with and without RZV exposure.ResultsA total of 16 408 patients were included in the matched analysis, of whom 12 762 were unvaccinated (7806 [61.2%] female; mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 68.8 [10.3] years) and 3646 were vaccinated (2268 [62.2%] female; mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 67.4 [9.8] years). Within the primary risk period of 56 days after the index date (ie, the start of follow-up for the outcome), the incidence of HZO recurrence after any RZV exposure was 37.7 per 1000 person-years compared with 26.2 per 1000 person-years in the unexposed group. After controlling for race and ethnicity, inpatient stays, emergency department visits, concomitant vaccines, and eye care practitioner visits, the association between vaccination status and HZO exacerbation in the primary risk period had an adjusted hazard ratio for any RZV exposure of 1.64 (95% CI, 1.01-2.67; P = .04).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, RZV exposure was associated with a higher likelihood of HZO recurrence in patients with a history of HZO compared with no RZV exposure. These findings support consideration that patients with a history of HZO may benefit from monitoring after receiving RZV in case of HZO recurrence.
Associations of inflammatory cytokines and cortisol with nonmotor features of Huntington's disease
Authors: Bilal Hiba , McDonald Stuart J. , Stout Julie C. , Harding Ian H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveHuntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease involving progressive motor abnormalities, cognitive decline, and psychiatric disturbances. Depression and cognitive difficulties are among the most impactful symptoms of HD, yet the pathogenesis of these symptoms is not fully understood. HD involves low‐level chronic inflammation and dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which are linked to depression and cognitive impairment in non‐HD populations. However, previous research on the relationships of these pathologies with depression and cognition in HD is limited and inconsistent.MethodsFifty‐three adults with the HD gene expansion (30 premanifest and 23 manifest) completed measures of depression and cognitive functioning. Forty‐eight out of 53 participants provided hair samples for quantification of cortisol, and 34 participants provided blood samples for quantification of peripheral inflammatory cytokines. We examined the associations of four cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐6, IL‐10, IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]‐α) and cortisol levels with depression and cognitive scores.ResultsIn unadjusted models, higher levels of plasma IL‐6, IL‐10, and TNF‐α correlated with higher depression scores, and higher levels of IL‐10 and TNF‐α correlated with poorer cognitive performance. After controlling for age, sex, and body mass index, only the correlations of IL‐10 with depression and cognitive performance remained significant. No correlations were evident with hair cortisol.InterpretationsPeripheral inflammation is associated with depression symptoms and cognitive impairment in HD. Our findings suggest that interactions between the immune and nervous systems are important in HD, and highlight the potential of chronic inflammation as a therapeutic target in early stages of HD.
Ultrafast Carbothermal Shock Synthesis of Wadsley–Roth Phase Niobium‐Based Oxides for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Qilong , Kang Yuanhong , Chen Guanhong , Chen Jianken , Chen Minghui , Li Wei , Lv Zeheng , Yang Huiya , Lin Pengxiang , Qiao Yu , Zhao Jinbao , Yang Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWadsley–Roth phase niobium‐based oxides show potential as anode candidates for fast‐charging lithium‐ion batteries. Traditional synthesis methods, however, usually involve a time‐consuming calcination process, resulting in poor production efficiency. Herein, a novel carbothermal shock (CTS) method that enables the ultra‐fast synthesis of various Wadsley–Roth phase Nb‐based oxides within seconds is introduced. The extremely rapid heating rates enabled by CTS alter the reaction mechanism from a sluggish solid‐state process to a swift liquid‐phase assisted one and drive the chemical reactions away from equilibrium, thereby generating abundant oxygen vacancies and dislocations. Theoretical calculations reveal that oxygen vacancies significantly lower the energy barrier for Li+ diffusion and enhance the intrinsic electronic conductivity. Moreover, dislocations help convert the surface tensile stress arising from Li+ intercalation into compressive stress, effectively improving the structural integrity during cycling. Notably, this approach can also be applied to synthesize LiFePO4 cathode materials under ambient conditions, eliminating the requirement for inert atmospheres. Consequently, the CTS‐synthesized Nb14W3O44||LiFePO4 battery demonstrates reversible structural evolution validated by in situ XRD and exceptional cycling ability (e.g., 0.0065% capacity decay per cycle at 4 A g−1 over 3000 cycles). Importantly, the Nb14W3O44||LiFePO4 configuration also shows enhanced thermal stability in the Ah‐level pouch cell nail penetration test, confirming its feasibility.
Harnessing the Power of Nature: Monodisperse Pickering Emulsion Droplets and Yolk‐Shell Microcapsules Utilizing Bee Pollen Particles
Authors: Jiang Hang , Yu Hengxing , Guan Xin , Jiang Weijie , Li Yunxing , Liu Wei , Yang Cheng , Jiang Jianzhong , Binks Bernard P. , Ngai To 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe preparation of monodisperse Pickering emulsions currently can only be achieved using microfluidics or membrane emulsification, limiting its widespread applications in many fields. Here, by simply introducing naturally occurring pollen grains during mechanical emulsification, it becomes extremely feasible to fabricate uniform Pickering emulsions. The process of shearing and turbulence leads to a constant reduction in the size of the droplets of the dispersed phase. The robust exine of the pollen grains in the continuous phase enables them to retain their structural integrity during emulsification, resulting in the formation of a single pollen‐in‐water‐in‐oil structure. Meanwhile, the intrinsic monodispersity of the pollen grains allows for the resulting emulsions to be similarly uniform, and they can be easily collected through centrifugation. As a result, this novel methodology achieves the effective formulation of monodisperse Pickering emulsions in an unprecedented way. Furthermore, the utilization of sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) as a replacement for pollen, in conjunction with sol–gel interfacial engineering, enables the attainment of “yolk‐shell” dual‐shell microcapsules. This approach not only effectively addresses the issue of cargo leakage in SECs but also imparts exceptional uniformity and stability to the microcapsules.
Heterovalent Co‐Doped LiLuF4 Composite Flexible Films as Persistent Luminescence Scintillator for X‐Ray High‐Resolution Extension Imaging
Authors: Lu Hao , Xu Xieming , Li Yuxia , Feng Guiqing , Yang Jinhai , Huang Xixi , Luo Qi , Wang Shuaihua , Wu Shaofan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractScintillators with high light yield, spatial resolution, and detection sensitivity are desirable for X‐ray imaging. Howerer, it remains challenging to improve the light yield and radiation detection capability of alkali metal rare‐earth fluoride (ALnF4). Herein, a type of Cu2+ ion heterovalent co‐doped LiLuF4:Tb,Cu microcrystalline scintillation material with high light yield, persistent, and thermostimulated luminescence is obtained by defect engineering. The heterovalent codoping strategy not only increases the radioluminescence (RL) intensity, but also introduces more carrier traps in the material to enhance the long‐afterglow and thermoluminescence intensity of LiLuF4:Tb microcrystals. After doping of 3 mol% Cu2+ ions, the RL efficiency is increased by 88.61%, and the X‐ray detection limit of LiLuF4:Tb,Cu reaches 2.7928 nGy·s‒1. This detectivity is considerably lower than the medical imaging requirements (5.5 µGy·s‒1). Furthermore, a large‐area flexible scintillation film of dimensions 30 × 30 cm2 is prepared to achieve high spatial resolution X‐ray imaging of 22 LP mm−1@MTF(modulation transfer function) = 0.2. Besides, this flexible film enables X‐ray imaging of curved objects and stores optical information for >48 h. This work provides a paradigm for improving the RL intensity and X‐ray detection sensitivity of alkali rare‐earth fluorides by crystal defect engineering, and enriches X‐ray high resolution extended imaging applications.
Synergistic Lewis and Brønsted Acid Sites Promote OH* Formation and Enhance Formate Selectivity: Towards High‐efficiency Glycerol Valorization
Authors: Ma Junqing , Wang Xunlu , Song Junnan , Tang Yanfeng , Sun Tongming , Liu Lijia , Wang Jin , Wang Jiacheng , Yang Minghui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs a sustainable valorization route, electrochemical glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) involves in formation of key OH* and selective adsorption/cleavage of C−C(O) intermediates with multi‐step electron transfer, thus suffering from high potential and poor formate selectivity for most non‐noble‐metal‐based electrocatalysts. So, it remains challenging to understand the structure–property relationship as well as construct synergistic sites to realize high‐activity and high‐selectivity GOR. Herein, we successfully achieve dual‐high performance with low potentials and superior formate selectivity for GOR by forming synergistic Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in Ni‐alloyed Co‐based spinel. The optimized NiCo oxide solid‐acid electrocatalyst exhibits low reaction potential (1.219 V@10 mA/cm2) and high formate selectivity (94.0 %) toward GOR. In situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and pH‐dependence measurements show that the Lewis acid centers could accelerate OH* production, while the Brønsted acid centers are proved to facilitate high‐selectivity formation of formate. Theoretical calculations reveal that NiCo alloyed oxide shows appropriate d‐band center, thus balancing adsorption/desorption of C−O intermediates. This study provides new insights into rationally designing solid‐acid electrocatalysts for biomass electro‐upcycling.
Improved self‐ and relational regulation: The relationship with the client changes the therapist
Authors: da Cunha Olivia Rodrigues , Vandenberghe Luc 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesSeveral contemporary models of psychotherapy demand psychotherapists and counsellors to navigate an intensely personal involvement with clients. This study considers how this personal involvement impacts the clinician as a person.DesignWe interviewed practitioners about how working with clients in a one‐on‐one therapeutic setting changed them.MethodsA grounded theory analysis of interviews with behavioural and cognitive therapists (N = 14; 9 women, 5 men) was carried out.ResultsWorking with clients may improve practitioners' self‐regulation by generating a clearer view of themselves, providing strategies for effective living and facilitating self‐compassion. These changes are often either clinical work's unavoidable effects or gains from accidental exposure to clients' contents. Clinical work may also improve practitioners' relationships by demonstrating the value of and providing strategies for managing one's input in crucial relationships and non‐judgemental acceptance. Improved relational regulation often occurs as unavoidable learning or results from intentional emulation. Both self‐regulation and relational regulation may contribute to clinical competency. Professionals can also unintentionally reproduce client quirks and accidentally learn practical tips. Possible implications are discussed.ConclusionClients' influence on counsellors and psychotherapists deserves attention in psychotherapy research, training and supervision.