bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAST-ASKAP Synergy: Quantifying Coexistent Tidal and Ram Pressure Strippings in the NGC 4636 Group
Authors: Lin 林 Xuchen 旭辰 , Wang 王 Jing 菁 , Kilborn Virginia , Peng Eric W. , Cortese Luca , Boselli Alessandro , Liang 梁 Ze-Zhong 泽众 , Lee Bumhyun , Yang 杨 Dong 冬 , Catinella Barbara , Deg N. , Dénes H. , Elagali Ahmed , Kamphuis P. , Koribalski B. S. , Lee-Waddell K. , Rhee Jonghwan , Shao 邵 Li 立 , Spekkens Kristine , Staveley-Smith Lister , Westmeier T. , Wong O. Ivy , Bekki Kenji , Bosma Albert , Du 杜 Min 敏 , Ho Luis C. , Madrid Juan P. , Verdes-Montenegro Lourdes , Wang 王 Huiyuan 慧元 , Wang 王 Shun 舜 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Combining new H i data from a synergetic survey of Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind surveY and Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope with the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA data, we study the effect of ram pressure and tidal interactions in the NGC 4636 group. We develop two parameters to quantify and disentangle these two effects on gas stripping in H i-bearing galaxies: the strength of external forces at the optical-disk edge, and the outside-in extents of H i-disk stripping. We find that gas stripping is widespread in this group, affecting 80% of H i-detected nonmerging galaxies, and that 41% are experiencing both types of stripping. Among the galaxies experiencing both effects, the two types of strengths are independent, while two H i-stripping extents moderately anticorrelate with each other. Both strengths are correlated with H i-disk shrinkage. The tidal strength is related to a rather uniform reddening of low-mass galaxies (M
* < 109
M
☉) when tidal stripping is the dominating effect. In contrast, ram pressure is not clearly linked to the color-changing patterns of galaxies in the group. Combining these two stripping extents, we estimate the total stripping extent, and put forward an empirical model that can describe the decrease of H i richness as galaxies fall toward the group center. The stripping timescale we derived decreases with distance to the center, from ∼1 Gyr beyond R
200 to ≲10 Myr near the center. Gas depletion happens ∼3 Gyr since crossing 2R
200 for H i-rich galaxies, but much quicker for H i-poor ones. Our results quantify in a physically motivated way the details and processes of environmental-effects-driven galaxy evolution, and might assist in analyzing hydrodynamic simulations in an observational way.
A Comprehensive Optical Search for Pre-explosion Outbursts from the Quiescent Progenitor of SN 2023ixf
Authors: Dong 董 Yize 一泽 , Sand David J. , Valenti Stefano , Bostroem K. Azalee , Andrews Jennifer E. , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Hoang Emily , Janzen Daryl , Jencson Jacob E. , Lundquist Michael , Meza Retamal Nicolas E. , Pearson Jeniveve , Shrestha Manisha , Haislip Joshua , Kouprianov Vladimir , Reichart Daniel E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We perform a comprehensive search for optical precursor emission at the position of SN 2023ixf using data from the DLT40, ZTF, and ATLAS surveys. By comparing the current data set with precursor outburst hydrodynamical model light curves, we find that the probability of a significant outburst within 5 yr of explosion is low, and the circumstellar material (CSM) ejected during any possible precursor outburst is likely smaller than ∼0.015M
⊙. By comparing to a set of toy models, we find that, if there was a precursor outburst, the duration must have been shorter than ∼100 days for a typical brightness of M

r
≃ −9 mag or shorter than 200 days for M

r
≃ −8 mag; brighter, longer outbursts would have been discovered. Precursor activity like that observed in the normal Type II SN 2020tlf (M

r
≃ −11.5) can be excluded in SN 2023ixf. If the dense CSM inferred by early flash spectroscopy and other studies is related to one or more precursor outbursts, then our observations indicate that any such outburst would have to be faint and only last for days to months, or it occurred more than 5 yr prior to the explosion. Alternatively, any dense, confined CSM may not be due to eruptive mass loss from a single red supergiant progenitor. Taken together, the results of SN 2023ixf and SN 2020tlf indicate that there may be more than one physical mechanism behind the dense CSM inferred around some normal Type II supernovae.
Simultaneous NICER and NuSTAR Observations of the Ultracompact X-Ray Binary 4U 0614+091
Authors: Moutard D. L. , Ludlam R. M. , García J. A. , Altamirano D. , Buisson D. J. K. , Cackett E. M. , Chenevez J. , Degenaar N. , Fabian A. C. , Homan J. , Jaodand A. , Pike S. N. , Shaw A. W. , Strohmayer T. E. , Tomsick J. A. , Coughenour B. M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present the first joint NuSTAR and NICER observations of the ultracompact X-ray binary 4U 0614+091. This source shows quasiperiodic flux variations on the timescale of ∼days. We use reflection modeling techniques to study various components of the accretion system as the flux varies. We find that the flux of the reflected emission and the thermal components representing the disk and the compact object trend closely with the overall flux. However, the flux of the power-law component representing the illuminating X-ray corona scales in the opposite direction, increasing as the total flux decreases. During the lowest flux observation, we see evidence of accretion disk truncation from roughly 6 gravitational radii to 11.5 gravitational radii. This is potentially analogous to the truncation seen in black hole low-mass X-ray binaries, which tends to occur during the low/hard state at sufficiently low Eddington ratios.
Anomalous Response of Mercury’s Magnetosphere to Solar Wind Compression: Comparison to Earth
Authors: Chen Yu-Wei , Shue Jih-Hong , Zhong Jun , Shen Han-Wen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Magnetic field intensity increases when solar wind compresses a planet’s magnetosphere. The compression can be measured using the ratio of compressed magnetic fields to purely dipolar magnetic fields just inside the magnetopause. For Earth, the ratio is proportional to the subsolar standoff distance of the magnetopause. Data from in-orbit observations by the MESSENGER spacecraft indicate an opposite ratio for Mercury; the compression ratio is inversely proportional to the subsolar standoff distance. The additional magnetic fields induced by currents at the top of Mercury’s core enhance the total magnetic field strength. We also evaluated differences in the subsolar standoff of Mercury’s magnetopause according to the north–south polarity of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Previous studies have not identified meaningful differences in subsolar standoff distance between those in northward versus southward IMF polarities for Mercury; however, we found that the difference is statistically significant at a large IMF B

Z
(15–20 nT). The magnetic reconnection that occurs behind the cusp for a large northward IMF transfers the magnetic flux to the dayside and increases the subsolar standoff distance. The eroded magnetic flux for a large southward IMF is compensated by the induced magnetic fields.
Steadiness of Coronal Heating
Authors: Judge P. G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The EUI instrument on the Solar Orbiter spacecraft has obtained the most stable, high-resolution images of the solar corona from its orbit with a perihelion near 0.4 au. A sequence of 360 images obtained at 17.1 nm, between 2022 October 25 19:00 and 19:30 UT, is scrutinized. One image pixel corresponds to 148 km at the solar surface. The widely held belief that the outer atmosphere of the Sun is in a continuous state of magnetic turmoil is pitted against the EUI data. The observed plasma variations appear to fall into two classes. By far the dominant behavior is a very low amplitude variation in brightness (1%) in the coronal loops, with larger variations in some footpoint regions. No hints of observable changes in magnetic topology are associated with such small variations. The larger-amplitude, more rapid, rarer, and less well organized changes are associated with flux emergence. It is suggested therefore that while magnetic reconnection drives the latter, most of the active corona is heated with no evidence of a role for large-scale (observable) reconnection. Since most coronal emission-line widths are subsonic, the bulk of coronal heating, if driven by reconnection, can only be of tangentially discontinuous magnetic fields, with angles below about 0.5c

S
/c
A ∼ 0.3β, with β the plasma beta parameter (∼0.01) and c

S
and c
A the sound and Alfvén speeds, respectively. If heated by multiple small flare-like events, then these must be ≲1021 erg, i.e., picoflares. But processes other than reconnection have yet to be ruled out, such as viscous dissipation, which may contribute to the steady heating of coronal loops over active regions.
A Severe Challenge to the Modified Newtonian Dynamics Phenomenology in Our Galaxy
Authors: Chan Man Ho , Law Ka Chung 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is one of the most popular alternative theories of dark matter to explain the missing mass problem in galaxies. Although it remains controversial regarding MOND as a fundamental theory, MOND phenomenology has been shown to widely apply in different galaxies, which poses challenges to the standard Lambda cold dark matter model. In this article, we derive analytically the galactic rotation curve gradient in the MOND framework and present a rigorous analysis to examine the MOND phenomenology in our Galaxy. By assuming a benchmark baryonic disk density profile and two popular families of MOND interpolating functions, we show for the first time that the recent discovery of the declining Galactic rotation curve in the outer region (R ≈ 17–23 kpc) can almost rule out the MOND phenomenology at more than 5σ. This strongly supports some of the previous studies claiming that MOND is neither a fundamental theory nor a universal description of galactic properties.
Distinguishing Active Galactic Nuclei Feedback Models with the Thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect
Authors: Grayson Skylar , Scannapieco Evan , Davé Romeel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Current models of galaxy formation require strong feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) to explain the observed lack of star formation in massive galaxies since z ≈ 2, but direct evidence of this energy input is limited. We use the SIMBA cosmological galaxy formation simulations to assess the ability of thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (tSZ) measurements to provide such evidence, by mapping the pressure structure of the circumgalactic medium around massive z ≈ 0.2–1.5 galaxies. We undertake a stacking approach to calculate the total tSZ signal and its radial profile in simulations with varying assumptions of AGN feedback, and we assess its observability with current and future telescopes. By convolving our predictions with the 2.′1 beam of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, we show that current observations at z ≈ 1 are consistent with SIMBA’s fiducial treatment of AGN feedback and inconsistent with SIMBA models without feedback. At z ≈ 0.5, observational signals lie between SIMBA run with and without AGN feedback, suggesting AGN in SIMBA may inject too much energy at late times. By convolving our data with a 9.″5 beam corresponding to the TolTEC camera on the Large Millimeter Telescope Alfonso Serrano, we predict a unique profile for AGN feedback that can be distinguished with future higher-resolution measurements. Finally, we explore a novel approach to quantify the nonspherically symmetric features surrounding our galaxies by plotting radial profiles representing the component of the stack with m-fold symmetry.
Le trône et l’autel en danger
Authors: Rabain Nicolas , Medjkane François 
Published: October 2023

Les auteurs et coordinateurs du numéro Binaires/Non-Binaires examinent les questions suscitées par l’exploration de l’identité de genre et de la non-binarité à l’adolescence selon trois axes : le prisme des patient·e·s, celui de leurs parents et enfin, celui des soignants amenés à les rencontrer. Pour ce faire, la démarche freudienne les aiguille vers une créativité subversive plutôt que vers un ensemble de dogmes réactionnaires.
Larval T Cells Are Functionally Distinct from Adult T Cells in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Paiola Matthieu , McGuire Connor C , Lopez Ruiz Vania , De Jesús Andino Francisco , Robert Jacques 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The amphibian Xenopus laevis tadpole provides a unique comparative experimental organism for investigating the roles of innate-like T (iT) cells in tolerogenic immunity during early development. Unlike mammals and adult frogs, where conventional T cells are dominant, tadpoles rely mostly on several prominent distinct subsets of iT cells interacting with cognate nonpolymorphic MHC class I–like molecules. In the present study, to investigate whole T cell responsiveness ontogenesis in X. laevis, we determined in tadpoles and adult frogs the capacity of splenic T cells to proliferate in vivo upon infection with two different pathogens, ranavirus FV3 and Mycobacterium marinum, as well as in vitro upon PHA stimulation using the thymidine analogous 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine and flow cytometry. We also analyzed by RT-quantitative PCR T cell responsiveness upon PHA stimulation. In vivo tadpole splenic T cells showed limited capacity to proliferate, whereas the in vitro proliferation rate was higher than adult T cells. Gene markers for T cell activation and immediate-early genes induced upon TCR activation were upregulated with similar kinetics in tadpole and adult splenocytes. However, the tadpole T cell signature included a lower amplitude in the TCR signaling, which is a hallmark of mammalian memory-like T cells and iT or “preset” T cells. This study suggests that reminiscent of mammalian neonatal T cells, tadpole T cells are functionally different from their adult counterpart.
The Reason for Vitamin–Mineral Supplement Intake among Secondary School Adolescents in Malaysia and its Association with Nutritional Status and Dietary Practice
Authors: Baharudin Azli , Othman Fatimah , Sallehuddin Syafinaz Mohd , Ghafar Suhaila Abd , Amali Khairul Hasnan , Wong Norazizah Ibrahim , Zainuddin Ahmad Ali 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Vitamin mineral supplement (VMS) consumption is prevalent among the population, particularly adolescents. However, literature about the factors associated with the reasons for consuming VMS has not been investigated in Malaysia, indeed adolescents’ nutrition is important as they experience body change during this period.

Objectives:
Thus, this cross-sectional, national health study aims to determine the association between nutritional status, dietary practice and reasons for VMS consumption among secondary schools in Malaysia.

Methods:
A total of 40,087 adolescents aged 10-18 completed the questionnaire. Among them, only 22.6% (9,077) of them from secondary school consumed VMS and were included in this study.

Results:
Gender, height-for-age, strata, ethnicity, hunger experience, eating out and breakfast intake frequency were associated with the reasons for VMS intake. After the adjustment, stunted adolescents were more likely to consume VMS due to the doctor’s prescription (RRR:1.51, 95% CI: 1.11-2.10). Adolescents who sometimes experienced hunger were more probable to consume VMS due to doctor’s instruction, self-awareness and friends’ influence as compared to other unspecified reasons (RRR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.08-1.85; RRR 1.38, 95% CI: 1.07-1.77; RRR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.27-3.08, respectively). No association was found between dietary behaviour and the reason for the VMS intake. For meal pattern, adolescents who skipped breakfast were less likely to consume VMS due to doctor’s instruction, parents’ advices and self-awareness (RRR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.39-0.72; RRR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.38-0.66; RRR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.45-0.78, respectively).

Conclusion:
This study suggested that further studies were needed to investigate the role of VMS use in relation to nutrient adequacy, overconsumption and health.
Body Image Perception and Mental Well-being among University Students
Authors: Kumar Kousalya V. , Siddiqua M. Ayesha , Pachiyappan Tamilselvan , Venugopal Ragukumar 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The increasing concern regarding body image perception has prompted research attention, particularly among individuals pursuing business management degrees. This study is set within a multi-disciplinary university in Tamil Nadu and focuses on examining the body image perception of business management majors.

Aim and Objective:
The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the relationship between body image perception, personality traits, and resilience among business management majors. The study seeks to understand whether certain factors such as body needs, feelings of inferiority, positive body attitude, and personality traits are linked to resilience levels.

MATERIALS AND Methods:
The study included 114 participants (N=114) who were enrolled as business management majors in the university. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire that was adapted from established scales. The Body Image Appreciation Scale and Overall Appearance Evaluation from the Body Self Image Questionnaire-Short Form were utilized to assess body image perception. Resilience was measured using the Brief Resilience Scale, and personality traits were evaluated using Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire.

Results:
The findings revealed significant associations among various factors. Positive body attitude, feelings of inferiority, and body needs were found to be linked with levels of resilience. Additionally, personality traits demonstrated a connection with resilience levels. A majority of business majors exhibited a positive body image perception, along with average resilience levels. The study indicated that those with extroverted, stable, or neurotic personality traits had similar resilience levels. However, a notable proportion of participants displayed negative body image perceptions, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of investigating body image perception among business management majors. The results suggest a correlation between body image perception, personality traits, and resilience levels. While most participants displayed a positive body image and normal resilience, the presence of negative body image perceptions among a considerable subset highlights the necessity for interventions aimed at addressing this concern. Such interventions could contribute to the overall well-being and success of individuals pursuing business management degrees.
A Simple Validated High-performance Thin-layer Chromatographic-densitometric Analysis Method for Simultaneous Quantitation of Betulin, Lupeol, Stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol in Asteracantha longifolia (L.) Nees
Authors: Raval Sadanand Eknath , Saple Seema R. , Vaidya Vikas V. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Asteracantha longifolia (L.) Nees is an essential and versatile ingredient in traditional medicine and herbal formulations, owing to their in curing ability against numerous diseases and disorders. There are forms of utilization like hot water extract, Methanol and ethanol extracts, as well as in some eastern parts of India, the plant is used daily as a leafy vegetable for human consumption during the medical treatment2,3. Also, it is considered a nutritious fodder for cattle. With many essential vitamins and minerals, available literature also reports vital phytoconstituents like Betulin, Lupeol, Stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol as therapeutic activity enhancers for Asteracantha longifolia (L.) Nees. Standardizing these vital phytoconstituents in the raw material will control the quality of the herbal formulations, extracts, and nutritional value.

Aim:
To develop and validate a HPTLC method-densitometric analysis method for simultaneous quantitation of four phytoconstituents of Asteracantha longifolia (L.) Nees.

Objective:
The method should be simple, capable of separating Betulin, Lupeol, Stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol to simultaneously estimate the contents at 366nm and 540nm. Further, the method is validated following the guidelines laid by ICH, Q2 (R1).

Materials and Methods:
Precoated F254 silica gel TLC plates of Merck were utilized as stationary phase to carry out the separation in combination with n-Hexane: Ethyl acetate (8:2) as mobile phase. After development phytoconstituents were derivatized with Anisaldehyde Sulphuric Acid Reagent and TLC plates are dried at 100 °C for 3 min before visualization at 366nm and 540nm.

Results:
In summary, the method separates all the phytoconstituents adequately and is specific, the limit of detection–limit of quantification for betulin is 0.8 ng and 2.4 ng, lupeol is 0.3 ng and 1.02 ng, and total sterols is 0.2 ng and 0.7 ng the coefficient of variance for precision (Intraday and Interday) is Not more than (NMT) 5%, Linearity and Range is 0.5ng to 6ng, and Recovery ranges from 88.5% to 96.8%.

Conclusion:
It is evidential from the obtained results of the study that method is selective, sensitive, and reproducible for simultaneous analysis of Betulin, Lupeol, Stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol in Asteracantha longifolia (L.) Nees.
A review of clinical trials registered in India from 2008 to 2022 to describe the first-in-human trials
Authors: Sabu Sowparnika Treasa , Venkatraman Shravan , Cherian Jerin Jose , Das Saibal , Pahuja Monika , Adhikari Tulsi , Mukherjee Shoibal , Chatterjee Nabendu Sekhar , Kshirsagar Nilima Arun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim:
This analysis was conducted to review the number, and describe the characteristics of first-in-human (FIH) Phase 1 clinical trials registered in India from 2008 to 2022.

Materials and Methods:
The data were extracted from the Clinical Trials Registry – India database for all FIH Phase 1 clinical trials registered between 2008 and 2022. Early-phase trials that were not FIH trials (e.g., pharmacokinetic studies and drug–drug interaction studies) were excluded from the study.

Results:
A total of 1891 trials were retrieved and 220 were included in the analysis. Most of the investigational products were drugs (55%) followed by vaccines (38.2%). The most common therapeutic class of drugs was cancer chemotherapy (19.8%), followed by antimicrobial chemotherapy and endocrinology (18.2% each). The most common vaccine was the influenza vaccine (21.4%), followed by the measles–mumps–rubella vaccine (15.5%). The pharmaceutical industry was the predominant sponsor for most (91%) of the Phase 1 trials. Of the top five sites where most of the Phase 1 trials were conducted, three were private nonacademic centers (cumulatively 31%) and two were tertiary care medical colleges (cumulatively 9%).

Conclusion:
Phase 1 clinical trials seem to be conducted in India predominantly with industry sponsorship. There is a need to have an alternate ecosystem to take forward molecules that do not receive adequate attention from the industry and molecules that are of national health priority other than areas such as chemotherapy, antimicrobials, and endocrinology. The Indian Council of Medical Research is setting up Phase 1 clinical trial capacity for molecules that predominantly may arise from nonindustry channels.