bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Product Sales Incentive Spillovers to the Lending Market: Evidence from Subprime Auto Loan Defaults
Authors: Jansen Mark , Pierce Lamar , Snyder Jason , Nguyen Hieu 
Published: October 2023

This paper shows how convex incentives in vertical contracts between manufacturers and retailers can induce sales behavior with costs to consumers. We examine this problem in the automotive sector, where manufacturers commonly motivate new vehicle sales through dealer incentive programs with large discrete bonuses determined by monthly sales targets. Using subprime car loans from over 3,500 dealerships, we document high default rates on new car loans originated at the end of the month—the period when dealerships attempt to secure target-based bonuses by intensifying efforts to sell new cars. We provide evidence consistent with the observed higher default rates resulting from customers purchasing new vehicles at month end. New car purchases stretch borrower budgets and expose borrowers to rapid depreciation, which consigns the borrower with negative equity through much of the loan term. Our results imply that the quartile of customers with the highest payment-to-income ratio see default rates increase from 13.6% to 19.7% on the last day of the month. Although consumers bear high costs from increased defaults, we find no evidence that lenders that purchase the loans are hurt by the default increase. Our results demonstrate how the behaviors induced by convex incentive schemes for sales are borne by customers. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, business strategy. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4935 .
Sex differences in risk factors for incident peripheral artery disease hospitalisation or death: Cohort study of UK Biobank participants
Authors: Xu Ying , Harris Katie , Pouncey Anna Louise , Carcel Cheryl , Low Gary , Peters Sanne A. E. , Woodward Mark 
Published: October 2023

Background
Women with peripheral artery disease (PAD) often have atypical symptoms, late hospital presentations, and worse prognosis. Risk factor identification and management are important. We assessed sex differences in associations of risk factors with PAD.

Methods
500,207 UK Biobank participants (54.5% women, mean age 56.5 years) without prior hospitalisation of PAD at baseline were included. Examined risk factors included blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lipids, adiposity, history of stroke or myocardial infarction (MI), socioeconomic status, kidney function, C-reactive protein, and alcohol consumption. Poisson and Cox regressions were used to estimate sex-specific incidence of PAD hospitalisation or death, hazard ratios (HRs), and women-to-men ratios of HRs (RHR) with confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Over a median of 12.6 years, 2658 women and 5002 men had a documented PAD. Age-adjusted incidence rates were higher in men. Most risk factors were associated with a higher risk of PAD in both sexes. Compared with men, women who were smokers or had a history of stroke or MI had a greater excess risk of PAD (relative to those who never smoked or had no history of stroke or MI): RHR 1.18 (95%CI 1.04, 1.34), 1.26 (1.02, 1.55), and 1.50 (1.25, 1.81), respectively. Higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was more strongly associated with a lower risk of PAD in women than men, RHR 0.81 (0.68, 0.96). Compared to HDL-C at 40 to 60 mg/dL, the lowest level of HDL-C (≤40 mg/dL) was related to greater excess risk in women, RHR 1.20 (1.02, 1.41), whereas the highest level of HDL-C (>80 mg/dL) was associated with lower risk of PAD in women, but higher risk in men, RHR 0.50 (0.38, 0.65).

Conclusions
While the incidence of PAD was higher in men, smoking and a history of stroke or MI were more strongly associated with a higher risk of PAD in women than men. HDL-C was more strongly associated with a lower risk of PAD in women than men.
Analyses of the ratio of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness to vessel density according to age in healthy eyes
Authors: Lee Woo-Hyuk , Na Yong-Jin , Lim Hyung-Bin , Sung Jae-Yun , Kim Jung-Yeul , Lee Min-Woo 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
To identify how the inner retinal layer and microvasculature change with age by analyzing the relationships of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness, vessel density (VD), and the ratio of these measurements with age in healthy eyes.

Methods
Participants were divided into five groups according to age. The GC-IPL thickness, VD, and GC-IPL/VD ratio were compared among the groups. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify relationships of GC-IPL/VD ratio with age.

Results
The average GC-IPL thicknesses were 84.84 ± 5.28, 84.22 ± 5.30, 85.20 ± 6.29, 83.29 ± 7.06, and 82.26 ± 5.62 μm in the 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, and 60s age groups, respectively. The VDs were 20.94 ± 1.50, 21.06 ± 1.50, 20.99 ± 1.03, 20.71 ± 0.93, and 19.74 ± 1.73 mm-1 in the 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, and 60s age groups, respectively. The GC-IPL/VD ratio was 4.05, 4.00, 4.06, 4.02, and 4.17 in each group, respectively, and the ratio of the 60s age group was significantly higher than that of other groups. In linear regression analyses, the GC-IPL/VD ratio was significantly associated with age in the participants aged ≥ 50 years (B = 0.014, P = 0.013), whereas it was not in the participants aged < 50 years (B = 0.003, P = 0.434).

Conclusions
GC-IPL thickness and macular VD showed a tendency to decrease beginning in the 50s age group and the GC-IPL/VD ratio was significantly increased in the 60s age group. Additionally, the GC-IPL/VD ratio was positively associated with age in subjects aged ≥ 50 years, which implies a more pronounced decline over time in VD rather than GC-IPL thickness.
Overview of oral health status and associated risk factors in maritime settings: An updated systematic review
Authors: Nguyen Tuan P. A. , Gautam Sanju , Mahato Sweta , Jensen Olaf Chresten , Haghighian-Roudsari Arezoo , Baygi Fereshteh 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to provide an updated overview of the oral health status and associated risk factors in maritime settings.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and SCOPUS from January 2010 to April 2023. Two independent reviewers extracted the data. The quality of included studies was assessed using relevant assessment tools.ResultsA total of 260 records were found in the initial search; 24 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most studies had descriptive design, and only two randomized controlled trials were found. The main oral health issues noted are oral cancer, dental caries, periodontal diseases, oral mucosal lesions, and dental emergency. Male seafarers have higher risk of oral cancers in the tongue, lips, and oral cavity while oral mucosal lesions are more prevalent among fishermen.ConclusionsDental caries and periodontal diseases are prevalent in both seafarers and fishermen. The consumption of tobacco, alcohol, fermentable carbohydrate, and poor oral hygiene are risk factors that affect the oral health status at sea. The occurrence of oral diseases in maritime setting requires more attention of researchers and authorities to develop strategies to tackle these issues.Trial registrationSystematic review registration number in PROSPERO:CRD42020168692.
A Case of Early Barrett's Adenocarcinoma With Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Sumi Naoki , Haruma Ken , Hisamoto Nobumi , Inoue Kazuhiko , Mabe Katsuhiro , Manabe Noriaki , Kawahara Yoshiro , Okada Hiroyuki , Takao Toshihiro 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
A 61-year-old man presented with epigastric pain and underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A strongly erythematous area was found in the short segment of the Barrett's esophagus, and a biopsy revealed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Linear furrows were observed in the lower esophagus, and a biopsy of the lesion revealed eosinophil infiltration of 30 eosinophils per high-power field. Therefore, a diagnosis of Barrett's adenocarcinoma with eosinophilic esophagitis was made. Although rare, the incidence of Barrett's adenocarcinoma and eosinophilic esophagitis has been increasing in Japan in recent years, and the number of cases may increase in the future.
Renal function during long-term therapy with rituximab in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Starovoitova M. N. , Desinova O. V. , Ananyeva L. P. , Koneva O. A. , Garzanova L. A. , Ovsyannikova O. B. , Shayakhmetova R. U. 
Published: October 2023

In systemic sclersis (SSc), different types of renal involvement occur. Their severity can range from asymptomatic deterioration of renal function to life-threatening damage, which is a complex therapeutic problem. Rituximab (RTM) has been used in the treatment of SSc and other autoimmune diseases with promising results, but its effect on renal function has not been adequately studied. Objective: to evaluate the renal function during complex therapy, including RTM, in patients with SSc over a long-term follow-up (at least 1 year). Material and methods. The study included 90 patients with SSc who were examined at least twice – before and 1–3.5 years after initiation of RTM treatment. Renal function was assessed by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated according to the CKD-EPI formula. The stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), blood pressure, daily proteinuria, skin score, activity, and indicators of lung function – forced vital capacity and diffusing capacity of the lungs – were also determined. Results and discussion. Against the background of complex therapy with RTM, there was a statistically significant decrease in GFR in the entire group of patients at the end of observation. On the other hand, renal function remained stable in the majority of patients with initially preserved GFR and there was a 25 % decrease – from 20 to 15 patients – in the number of patients with CKD. In more than half of the patients who initially had CKD, GFR increased (n = 11) or stabilized (n = 2) after therapy, and it decreased in a statistically insignificant manner in only 7 patients, whereas the development of a more advanced stage of CKD was observed in only 2 cases. The results of the treatment of 2 patients who had previously experienced scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) are reviewed in detail. Conclusion. In this study, there was no significant effect of RTM treatment on GFR and grade of CKD. Most patients had stable renal function; patients with an initial low grade of CKD showed a tendency toward stabilization of renal function. A significant decrease in GFR during long-term therapy noted in the entire patient group appears to be explained by an increase in renal insufficiency in patients with initially severe scleroderma renal damage, particularly due to SRC. Further studies on the effects of RTM therapy on renal function in patients with SSc are needed.
Urate-lowering therapy and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with gout (results of a prospective study)
Authors: Eliseev M. S. , Zhelyabina O. V. 
Published: October 2023

Objective: to analyze the association between medications intake and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with gout. Material and methods. The study included 444 patients with gout without T2DM. The median follow-up time was 5.9 [2.9; 8.7] years. The primary end point was the diagnosis of T2DM. At baseline, therapy was initiated or adjusted according to current guidelines. Medication use was recorded: allopurinol, febuxostat, diuretics, glucocorticoids (GC), canakinumab, for which the odds ratio (OR) of developing T2DM was calculated. Results and discussion. T2DM occurred in 108 (24.3 %) patients enrolled in the study. 405 patients completed the study. 311 (76.7 %) patients were taking urate-lowering drugs: 263 (90.7 %) allopurinol, 48 (9.3 %) febuxostat. The mean dose of allopurinol was 153.4 ± 28.4 mg/day, and that of febuxostat was 91.6 ± 12.1 mg/day. During treatment with febuxostat, the probability of developing T2DM was lower: OR 0.433 (95 % confidence interval, CI 0.188–0.996; p = 0.044). When diuretics were used OR was 2.212 (95 % CI 1.303–3.753; p = 0.003), GC – 1.566 (95 % CI 1.003–2.445; p = 0.048). Conclusion. Febuxostat use is associated with a lower likelihood of developing T2DM.
Dr hab. Jan Hauke, prof. UAM
Authors: Konecka-Szydłowska Barbara 
Published: October 2023

Profesor Jan Hauke urodził się 1 października 1952 r. w Zagórowie. Jest z wykształcenia matematykiem. Kariera naukowa profesora związana jest z dwoma poznańskimi uczelniami: Uniwersytetem im. Adama Mickiewicza (UAM) i Akademią Rolniczą (AR, obecnie Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy). Na UAM ukończył z wyróżnieniem studia matematyczne i uzyskał stopień magistra (1976 r.) oraz doktora nauk matematycznych (1984 r.). Stopień doktora habilitowanego nauk matematycznych otrzymał na Uniwersytecie im. Pawła Szafarika w Koszycach w roku 2013.
High-temperature corrosion model of Incoloy 800H alloy connected with Ni-201 in MgCl2–KCl heat transfer fluid
Authors: Peng Yuxiang , Imam Muhammad A. , Reddy Ramana G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Long-term dipping corrosion experiments on Incoloy 800H (800H) in molten eutectic MgCl2–KCl salt at 1,073 K with and without connection with Ni-201 alloy were carried out. While connecting with Ni-201 alloy, the corrosion rate of 800H was 4.47 ± 0.26 mg·cm−2·day−1 (10−3.55±0.02 A·cm−2). However, the corrosion rate for the 800H that was not connected to the Ni-201 alloy was 3.00 ± 0.27 mg·cm−2·day−1 (10−3.71±0.04 A·cm−2). Therefore, Ni-201 alloy accelerates the corrosion rate of 800H in the molten MgCl2–KCl salt while connecting to each other. In addition, based on the calculation of Gibbs energy of Ni–Fe–Cr alloy and exchange current density of 800H in MgCl2–KCl salt, a new Tafel model was developed to predict the corrosion rate of 800H alloys. The corrosion rate calculated by the new model is 10−3.74 A·cm−2, which agrees with the experimental data.
Excessive MALAT1 promotes the immunologic process of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder by upregulating BAFF expression
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhang Lijie , Lin Jingyu , Wang Zeng , Lin Aiyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Increased B cell activating factor (BAFF) expression in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is associated with B cell overstimulation, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to reveal the emerging mechanisms that regulate BAFF expression in the inflammatory process of NMOSD. The results showed that the expression of miR-30b-5p was significantly decreased in NMOSD CD14+ monocytes compared with the normal control. Furthermore, we confirmed that metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcription 1 (MALAT1) is an upstream target of miR-30b-5p, and it could act as a ceRNA and absorb miR-30b-5p with reduced expression of miR-30b-5p. The low expression of miR-30b-5p could not bind to BAFF messenger RNA (mRNA), which resulted in the overexpression of both BAFF mRNA and protein expression. Overexpression of BAFF could bind to the corresponding receptors on B cells, which may initiate activation and proliferation of B cells and increase their production of autoantibodies. Therefore, these findings interpreted that excessive MALAT1 expression in NMOSD mononuclear macrophages led to increased BAFF expression by targeting miR-30b-5p, which caused B cell autoimmune reaction and autoantibodies production, aggravated the disease progression of NMOSD.
Reanalysis of EphA3 Knock-In Double Maps in Mouse Suggests That Stochasticity in Topographic Map Formation Acts at the Retina Rather than between Competing Mechanisms at the Colliculus
Authors: Willshaw David J. , Gale Nicholas M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIt has been suggested that stochasticity acts in the formation of topographically ordered maps in the visual system through the opposing chemoaffinity and neural activity forces acting on the innervating nerve fibers being held in an unstable equilibrium. Evidence comes from the Islet2-EphA3 knock-in mouse, in which ∼50% of the retinal ganglion cells, distributed across the retina, acquire the EphA3 receptor, thus having an enhanced density of EphA which specifies retinotopic order along the rostrocaudal (RC) axis of the colliculus. Sampling EphA3 knock-in maps in heterozygotes at different positions along the mediolateral (ML) extent of the colliculus had found single 1D maps [as in wild types (WTs)], double maps (as in homozygous knock-ins) or both single and double maps. We constructed full 2D maps from the same mouse dataset. We found either single maps or maps where the visual field projects rostrally, with a part-projection more caudally to form a double map, the extent and location of this duplication varying considerably. Contrary to previous analyses, there was no strict demarcation between heterozygous and homozygous maps. These maps were replicated in a computational model where, as the level of EphA3 was increased, there was a smooth transition from single to double maps. Our results suggest that the diversity in these retinotopic maps has its origin in a variability over the retina in the effective amount of EphA3, such as through variability in gene expression or the proportion of EphA3+ retinal ganglion cells, rather than the result of competing mechanisms acting at the colliculus.
Dissociation of Centrally and Peripherally Induced Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Effects in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Perera Nipun D. , Alekseichuk Ivan , Shirinpour Sina , Wischnewski Miles , Linn Gary , Masiello Kurt , Butler Brent , Russ Brian E. , Schroeder Charles E. , Falchier Arnaud , Opitz Alexander 
Published: October 2023

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation method that is rapidly growing in popularity for studying causal brain–behavior relationships. However, its dose-dependent centrally induced neural mechanisms and peripherally induced sensory costimulation effects remain debated. Understanding how TMS stimulation parameters affect brain responses is vital for the rational design of TMS protocols. Studying these mechanisms in humans is challenging because of the limited spatiotemporal resolution of available noninvasive neuroimaging methods. Here, we leverage invasive recordings of local field potentials in a male and a female nonhuman primate (rhesus macaque) to study TMS mesoscale responses. We demonstrate that early TMS-evoked potentials show a sigmoidal dose–response curve with stimulation intensity. We further show that stimulation responses are spatially specific. We use several control conditions to dissociate centrally induced neural responses from auditory and somatosensory coactivation. These results provide crucial evidence regarding TMS neural effects at the brain circuit level. Our findings are highly relevant for interpreting human TMS studies and biomarker developments for TMS target engagement in clinical applications.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a widely used noninvasive brain stimulation method to stimulate the human brain. To advance its utility for clinical applications, a clear understanding of its underlying physiological mechanisms is crucial. Here, we perform invasive electrophysiological recordings in the nonhuman primate brain during TMS, achieving a spatiotemporal precision not available in human EEG experiments. We find that evoked potentials are dose dependent and spatially specific, and can be separated from peripheral stimulation effects. This means that TMS-evoked responses can indicate a direct physiological stimulation response. Our work has important implications for the interpretation of human TMS-EEG recordings and biomarker development.
Political Philosophy as a Vocation
Authors: Bielskis Andrius 
Published: October 2023

Publikuojame tekstą viešos paskaitos, kurią Mykolo Romerio universiteto profesorius Andrius Bielskis, Aristotelio ir kritinės teorijos studijų centro direktorius, Lietuvos nacionalinės Martyno Mažvydo bibliotekos kvietimu perskaitė 2023 m. balandžio 20 d. Paskaita, skaityta autoriaus 50 metų jubiliejaus proga, – reikšmingas Profesoriaus intelektualinės autobiografijos fragmentas, brėžiantis dar vieną akademinio maršruto variantą.Autorius dėkoja visiems, kas dalyvavo, klausėsi, skaitė ir komentavo jo mintis, ypač šeimos nariams – Severijai ir Nickui, atvykusiems iš Londono, Jolantai ir Samueliui Andriui, broliui Putinui, taip pat ir Nacionalinei Martyno Mažvydo bibliotekai už jos svetingumą
A new guideline for geological maps with QGIS
Authors: Erharter Georg H. , Steinbichler Mathias , Eder Markus , Hintersberger Esther , Jaeger Dominik 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Being able to create digital geological maps has become a basic requirement for the skillset of today’s geologists. QGIS is a geographical information system that receives increasing popularity due to its user-friendliness and the fact that it is an open access software. This contribution provides an update and extension to a previously published software guideline that gives a stepwise explanation on how to create a geological map with QGIS. The article serves as a brief overview of the guideline through an illustrated example. The guideline itself is published as a supplement to this paper. Within six sections, the guideline explains how to create a geological map with QGIS: 1. Introduction, 2. Download and installation, 3. Basemaps, 4. Map drawing, 5. Plugins, 6. Layouts. The aim is to instruct geologists who are completely inexperienced with digital map creation as well as provide specific information for more advanced users. In general, providing software guidelines for the geological community is an important step towards increasing geologists’ digital proficiency and to keep up with today’s fast paced developments in digitalization.
Features of the structural organization of psychological defenses of students studying in different areas of training
Authors: Chemakina Anna V. , Bulatov Ilya D. 
Published: October 2023

<span>В статье представлена проблема адаптации студентов вуза к условиям </span><span class="highlight" title="Возможно разрыв слова">учебно-профессиональной</span><span> деятельности посредством применения различных видов психологических защит. В рамках системного подхода обнаружены различия структурной организации психологических защит студентов, обучающихся по разным направлениям подготовки.</span>
INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA PARA LA GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL INTEGRADA DE ESPACIOS ACUÁTICOS COMPARTIDOS, EL DESAFÍO ES PASAR DE LAS PALABRAS A LOS HECHOS: EL CASO DEL RÍO DE LA PLATA Y SU FRENTE MARÍTIMO (RPFM)
Authors: Cantera Kintz Jaime Ricardo 
Published: October 2023

La gestión ambiental de cuerpos de aguas transfronterizos (compartidos por varios países) presenta limitaciones que van desde la complejidad en los contextos geográficos, físicos y ambientales hasta las diferencias existentes en jurisdicción y gobernabilidad, pasando por la interdisciplinariedad de los temas que incluye el manejo ambiental integrado. Todo programa de planificación ambiental necesita principalmente de investigación científica multidisciplinaria realizada en estrecha coordinación y cooperación, puesto que cualquier aspecto que sea subestimado causa debilidades para la gestión. En este trabajo se describen los contextos en que se desarrolla el Proyecto Binacional Argentino-Uruguayo: Protección Ambiental del Río de la Plata y su Frente Marítimo (RPFM), las principales herramientas utilizadas para la construcción del conocimiento científico y las estrategias seguidas para implementar la constitución de un marco de participación cooperativa de las instituciones de investigación y de gestión ambiental de ambos países para el cumplimiento de los objetivos del Proyecto.