bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the psychometric properties of the headspace Youth (mental health) Service Satisfaction Scale in a mental health service in Ireland
Authors: Doyle Elizabeth , Carey Eleanor , Rossouw Johannes , Booth Ailbhe , Rickwood Debra , O'Reilly Aileen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionEvaluating service quality and satisfaction is central to the provision of accessible and developmentally appropriate youth mental health services. However, there are limited suitable measures and a lack of published evidence on the psychometric properties of measures to assess young people's satisfaction with youth mental health services. The headspace Youth (Mental Health) Service Satisfaction Scale (YSSS) was designed and implemented to assess young people's satisfaction with headspace mental health services in Australia. This study examined the reliability and factor structure of the YSSS in a youth mental health service in Ireland.MethodsThe sample comprised 1449 young people (66.2% female) aged 12–25 years (M = 16.48, SD = 2.97). Participants completed the YSSS after their final brief intervention session through Jigsaw—The National Centre for Youth Mental Health. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on one‐ and four‐factor models to test findings from previous studies. Reliability was also examined.ResultsCFA supported a single‐factor structure of the YSSS, and all items were suitable for inclusion. The internal consistency of the measure was deemed acceptable (α = 0.89).ConclusionsFindings suggest that the YSSS is a reliable measure for monitoring satisfaction with youth mental health services in an Irish context. The measure demonstrated a unidimensional construct of satisfaction. These findings support the broader application of the YSSS and add to existing knowledge on measuring satisfaction within youth mental health services.
An in vitro analysis of the accuracy of static and robot‐assisted implant surgery
Authors: Mozer Paul S. , Guentsch Arndt 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesRobot‐assisted implant surgery (RAIS) is purported to improve the accuracy of implant placement. The objective of this study was to compare RAIS with static computer‐assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) in a controlled environment.Materials and MethodsA total of n = 102 implants were placed in the same modified typodont (n = 17 repeated simulated implant surgeries with each n = 3 implants per group) using robot‐assisted or static computer‐assisted implant surgery. The final implant positions were digitized utilizing cone‐beam tomography and compared with the planned position. The angular deviation was the primary outcome parameter. 3D deviations at the implant platform level and the apex were secondary outcome parameters. Accuracy in terms of trueness and precision were assessed. Means, standard deviation, and 95%‐confidence intervals were analyzed statistically.ResultsThe overall angular deviation was 2.66 ± 1.83° for the robotic system and 0.68 ± 0.38° for guided surgery using static guides (p < .001), the 3D‐deviation of the implant platform at crest level was for sCAIS 0.79 ± 0.28 mm and RAIS 1.51 ± 0.53 mm (p < .001) and at the apex for sCAIS 0.82 ± 0.26 mm and for RAIS 1.97 ± 0.79 mm (p < .001), respectively.ConclusionsRobotically guided implant surgery was less accurate in terms of trueness (planned vs. actual position) and precision (deviations among implants) than traditional static computer‐assisted implant surgery in this in vitro study.
Of Ghosts and orphans: Traces of local architects in the new city of Jerusalem in the early modern era and the challenges of architectural historiography on the fringe of the Empire
Authors: Bamberger Chen Adi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study, inspired by postcolonial and post‐structural theories, attempts to highlight the difficulty of conducting architectural research in early modern Jerusalem, a setting in which there are gaps in the historical record. One particular gap—the practice of local architects—is portrayed through two characterizations:Orphans—existing buildings that are historiographically detached from their genealogy—andGhosts—individuals assumed to have practiced architecture, yet their existence appears only in traces. The study wishes to explore why local architects disappeared from the historiography of early modern Jerusalem. The methodologies include a narration of the fragments that were found during a literature review, archival research, site visits, interviews, and correspondence with scholars and archivists. The study suggests that local architects were overlooked because of orientalist perceptions, disappearance of evidence, and inaccessibility or illegibility of documents. Therefore, it recommends institutional collaborations and methods, which will acknowledge the historian's subjectivity in future research.
The Garden City: Infrastructure, spatial politics and resistance behind the nation‐building mode of “tropicality” in Singapore
Authors: Kai Lin Annabelle Tan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract“Tropicality” has historically been used as an epistemological tool by colonial settlers and thereafter local rulers to naturalize and espouse Western rationality and modernity. Singapore is no exception to this lingering Western framing, which continues to define state narratives of success and heritage. “Tropicality” as a hegemonic force manifests in infrastructures of large physical networks, institutionalized knowledges, and media representations. This paper dissects three chronological dominant modes of “tropicality”—the colonial, the nation‐building, and the contemporary neoliberal mode—alongside their corresponding subaltern lived worlds that speak of an alternative “tropicality” often unnoticed (Figure 1). These diametric strands are studied through hegemonic infrastructure and everyday acts that resist, appropriate, or hybridize these power‐laden spaces. A heterogenous methodology was adopted, capturing the epistemologies and metis employed in dominant and alternative tropicalities, respectively. Maps, charts, and archives are used to study the former; ethnographic observation, family memory, and affective experiences elucidate the latter. In this paper, I focus on the nation‐building mode of “tropicality”, which shaped Singapore's rapid urbanization in the 1960s. Modernist public housing schemes borrowed from the Tropical Architecture movement are situated within a larger infrastructural field that de‐skilled, cleansed, and civilized an “unruly” population, conflating natural and social order. However, these attempts at creating modern subjects were thwarted by everyday resistance performed at a critical mass, in which displaced populations tapped upon past metis, habitus, and ecological aesthetics to appropriate alienating modern infrastructure. Through these ad hoc infrastructural reconfigurations, a hybrid modern “tropicality” was negotiated. It is through deprivileging infrastructures of “tropicality” and drawing out alternative “infra‐structures” of multiple, lived tropical worlds that we may move toward post‐tropicality—a mentality built on an expanded understanding of how our modern environment is and has been shaped equally by dominant, neocolonial forces and also forsaken memories, practices, and everyday acts of resistance, which hold the key to alternative futures beyond the limited scope delineated by our inherited “tropical modernity”.
Comparative effectiveness of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors versus glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes and mild/moderate chronic kidney disease
Authors: Rhee Jinnie J. , Han Jialin , Montez‐Rath Maria E. , Chertow Glenn M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo determine the comparative effectiveness regarding major cardiovascular events of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).Materials and MethodsWe assembled a cohort of commercially insured adult patients with T2DM in the United States (derived from Optum Clinformatics DataMart 2003‐2021) who were new users of GLP‐1 receptor agonists or SGLT‐2 inhibitors. We compared risks of non‐fatal myocardial infarction or stroke in patients with and without CKD, and further categorized by CKD stage: stages G1 or G2 [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 ml/min] and A2 (urine albumin to creatinine ratio 30 to <300 mg/g) or A3 (urine albumin to creatinine ratio ≥300 mg/g), stage G3a (eGFR 45 to <60 ml/min/1.73 m2) and stage G3b (eGFR 30 to <45 ml/min/1.73 m2). We used proportional hazards regression after inverse probability of treatment weighting to compute hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsAfter accounting for the probability of treatment, patients with T2DM and CKD treated with SGLT‐2 inhibitors experienced a 14% lower risk of non‐fatal myocardial infarction or stroke (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.78‐0.94) relative to those treated with GLP‐1 receptor agonists.ConclusionsRecognizing the potential for residual confounding, selection bias and immortal time bias, commercially insured patients in the United States with T2DM and CKD treated with SGLT‐2 inhibitors experienced significantly lower risks of non‐fatal myocardial infarction or stroke relative to those treated with GLP‐1 receptor agonists.
Theorizing to Cases: A Methodological Approach to Qualitative Normative Cases
Authors: Gatti Lauren , McAvoy Paula 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this article, Lauren Gatti and Paula McAvoy explain the interdisciplinary methods that they used for developing a theory of professional judgment for teachers that they call the Ethical Long View. In developing the theory, they engaged in empirical inquiry through the solicitation of dilemmas from practicing teachers using an online survey (N = 127) and follow‐up interviews with a subset of survey participants (N = 11). The interviews were developed into qualitative normative cases, which are richly described vignettes of a teacher's dilemma and thinking. In between analyzing the survey data and developing the cases was a philosophically oriented recursive process that was both iterative and interdisciplinary. The qualitative work helped the authors develop the conceptual framework for the Ethical Long View and, at the same time, positioned participants as co‐constructors of the ethical theory. This research draws on the tools of both applied philosophy and social science, but it belongs exclusively to neither.
Augmenting glutamatergic, but not dopaminergic, activity in the nucleus accumbens shell disrupts responding to a discrete alcohol cue in an alcohol context
Authors: Valyear Milan D. , Brown Alexa , Deyab Ghislaine , Villaruel Franz R. , Lahlou Soraya , Caporicci‐Dinucci Nina , Chaudhri Nadia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiscrete alcohol cues and contexts are relapse triggers for people with alcohol use disorder exerting particularly powerful control over behaviour when they co‐occur. Here, we investigated the neural substrates subserving the capacity for alcohol‐associated contexts to elevate responding to an alcohol‐predictive conditioned stimulus (CS). Specifically, rats were trained in a distinct ‘alcohol context’ to respond by entering a fluid port during a discrete auditory CS that predicted the delivery of alcohol and were familiarized with a ‘neutral context’ wherein alcohol was never available. When conditioned CS responding was tested by presenting the CS without alcohol, we found that augmenting glutamatergic activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell by microinfusing α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) reduced responding to an alcohol CS in an alcohol, but not neutral, context. Further, AMPA microinfusion robustly affected behaviour, attenuating the number, duration and latency of CS responses selectively in the alcohol context. Although dopaminergic inputs to the NAc shell were previously shown to be necessary for CS responding in an alcohol context, here, chemogenetic excitation of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons and their inputs to the NAc shell did not affect CS responding. Critically, chemogenetic excitation of VTA dopamine neurons affected feeding behaviour and elevated c‐fos immunoreactivity in the VTA and NAc shell, validating the chemogenetic approach. These findings enrich our understanding of the substrates underlying Pavlovian responding for alcohol and reveal that the capacity for contexts to modulate responding to discrete alcohol cues is delicately underpinned by the NAc shell.
A dual‐omics approach on the effects of fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) on ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons in response to alcohol consumption in mice
Authors: Hose Leonie , Langenhagen Alina Katharina , Kefalakes Ekaterini , Schweitzer Theresa , Kubinski Sabrina , Barak Segev , Pich Andreas , Grothe Claudia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHarmful alcohol consumption is a major socioeconomic burden to the health system, as it can be the cause of mortality of heavy alcohol drinkers. The dopaminergic (DAergic) system is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of alcohol drinking behaviour; however, its exact role remains elusive. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF‐2), a neurotrophic factor, associated with both the DAergic system and alcohol consumption, may play an important role in DAergic neuroadaptations during alcohol abuse. Within this study, we aimed to clarify the role of endogenous FGF‐2 on the DAergic system and whether there is a possible link to alcohol consumption. We found that lack of FGF‐2 reduces the alcohol intake of mice. Transcriptome analysis of DAergic neurons revealed that FGF‐2 knockout (FGF‐2 KO) shifts the molecular fingerprint of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons to DA subtypes of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In line with this, proteomic changes predominantly appear also in the VTA. Interestingly, these changes led to an altered regulation of the FGF‐2 signalling cascades and DAergic pathways in a region‐specific manner, which was only marginally affected by voluntary alcohol consumption. Thus, lack of FGF‐2 not only affects the gene expression but also the proteome of specific brain regions of mDA neurons. Our study provides new insights into the neuroadaptations of the DAergic system during alcohol abuse and, therefore, comprises novel targets for future pharmacological interventions.
eIF4E plays the role of a pathogenic gene in psoriasis, and the inhibition of eIF4E phosphorylation ameliorates psoriasis‐like skin damage
Authors: Wang Ruijie , Yang Luan , Zhen Yunyue , Li Xueqing , Huang Shan , Wen He , Sun Qing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPsoriasis is a complex inflammatory skin disease with uncertain pathogenesis. eIF4E (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E) and its phosphorylation state p‐eIF4E are highly expressed in psoriatic tissues. However, the role eIF4E played in psoriasis is still unclear. To investigate the function of eIF4E and p‐eIF4E in psoriasis and to figure out whether eFT‐508 (Tomivosertib, eIF4E phosphorylation inhibitor) can relieve the disease severity and become a promising candidate for the psoriasis treatment. We first verified the expression of eIF4E and p‐eIF4E in psoriasis patients' lesional skin. Then, we demonstrated the effect of eIF4E and p‐eIF4E on the abnormal proliferation and inflammatory state of keratinocytes by using eIF4E‐specific small interfering RNA (si‐eIF4E) and eFT‐508. In this study, all cell experiments were performed under the psoriasis‐model condition. Moreover, the external application of eFT‐508 on imiquimod (IMQ)‐induced psoriasis mice was performed to explore its potential clinical value. Results showed that eIF4E and p‐eIF4E were significantly overexpressed in skin lesions of psoriasis patients. Knocking down eIF4E or adding eFT‐508 can relieve the abnormal proliferation and the excessive inflammatory state of keratinocytes by reducing the expression of cyclin D1, IL‐1β, CXCL10, IL23, Wnt 5a, NBS1 and p‐AKT from mRNA or protein levels. Furthermore, these results were consistent with those obtained from the in vitro experiments. Then, we conclude that eIF4E plays the role of the pathogenic gene in psoriasis, and eFT‐508 may be a promising candidate for anti‐prosoriasis drugs.
Slower changes in vegetation phenology than precipitation seasonality in the dry tropics
Authors: Tian Jiaqi , Luo Xiangzhong , Xu Hao , Green Julia K. , Tang Hao , Wu Jin , Piao Shilong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe dry tropics occupy ~40% of the tropical land surface and play a dominant role in the trend and interannual variability of the global carbon cycle. Previous studies have reported considerable changes in the dry tropical precipitation seasonality due to climate change, however, the accompanied changes in the length of the vegetation growing season (LGS)—the key period of carbon sequestration—have not been examined. Here, we used long‐term satellite observations along with in‐situ flux measurements to investigate phenological changes in the dry tropics over the past 40 years. We found that only ~18% of the dry tropics show a significant (p ≤ .1) increasing trend in LGS, while ~13% show a significant decreasing trend. The direction of the LGS change depended not only on the direction of precipitation seasonality change but also on the vegetation water use strategy (i.e. isohydricity) as an adaptation to the long‐term average precipitation seasonality (i.e. whether the most of LGS is in the wet season or dry season). Meanwhile, we found that the rate of LGS change was on average ~23% slower than that of precipitation seasonality, caused by a buffering effect from soil moisture. This study uncovers potential mechanisms driving phenological changes in the dry tropics, offering guidance for regional vegetation and carbon cycle studies.
Effect of number of medications on the risk of falls among community‐dwelling older adults: A 3‐year follow‐up of the SONIC study
Authors: Yoshida Yuko , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Masui Yukie , Hori Noriko , Inagaki Hiroki , Ito Kae , Ogawa Madoka , Yasumoto Saori , Arai Yasumichi , Kamide Kei , Ikebe Kazunori , Gondo Yasuyuki 
Published: January 2024

AimThis study examined the association between the number of prescribed medications and falls among community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsWe conducted a geriatric comprehensive health‐checkup on community‐dwelling adults aged 69–91 years who participated in the Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, and Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians study. The final analysis of this study included 1,076 participants with complete data. The participants were divided into four groups based on the number of medications at baseline: 0, 1, 2–4, and ≥5. At the 3‐year follow‐up, the participants were asked whether they had fallen in the past year. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the number of medications taken and falls after adjusting for confounding factors.ResultsThe prevalence rates of falls were 10.5%, 18.2%, 18.3%, and 19.8% in the no‐medication, one‐medication, comedication, and polypharmacy groups, respectively. In the one‐medication prescription group, 59% of prescriptions were for fall‐risk‐increasing drugs (FRID). Multivariable analysis showed a significantly higher incidence of falls in the one‐medication group (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–3.54), co‐medication (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.09–3.29), and polypharmacy groups (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.09–3.45) than in the no‐medication group.ConclusionsThe study showed that polypharmacy, as well as just taking one medication, can affect the occurrence of falls. This suggests that in addition to the number of medications and polypharmacy, the type of medication, such as FRID, affects the risk of falls. Therefore, pharmacotherapy should consider the risk of falls in older adults when prescribing medications. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 306–310.
Living in a multicultural context: Health and integration from the perspective of undocumented Mediterranean migrants, residents, and stakeholders in Italy. A qualitative‐multimethod study
Authors: Figura Mariachiara , Arcadi Paola , Vellone Ercole , Pucciarelli Gianluca , Simeone Silvio , Piervisani Loredana , Alvaro Rosaria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo catch a representative view of a multicultural population's needs.DesignQualitative study.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted from July 2022 to January 2023 with the project's stakeholders, migrants, and residents. Data analysis was performed using a multimethod textual analysis technique.FindingsTerritorial barriers, lack of social network, and specific professionals' training emerged as healthcare delivery obstacles. For migrants, language improvement emerged as a health priority. A deep relationship with migrants emerged as a deficiency for residents.ConclusionA welcoming project equipped with solid leadership and the right resources can be fundamental in mediating health promotion and integration. In this process, the involvement of the resident population is essential.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareAnalysing the migrants' needs and the strengths and limitations of a reception system could help identify the challenges for professionals in delivering culturally competent care. In this context, the nurse's role becomes relevant, being responsible for taking charge and caring for the population and the link between professionals and the population.What Problem Did the Study Address?The study addressed the problem of improving the overall health of migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers, mainly focusing on reception and integration into a new society process.What Were the Main Findings?Worse health was identified with adaptation, integration, and family problems. Territorial barriers emerged, hindering good health.Where and on Whom Will the Research Have An Impact?These research findings can be valuable for health professionals who want to improve the reception process and enhance a care model integrated with residents.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.Reporting MethodTo describe the research report, we referred to the COREQ checklist (Tong et al., 2007).