bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperspectral image super resolution using deep internal and self‐supervised learning
Authors: Liu Zhe , Han Xian‐Hua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBy automatically learning the priors embedded in images with powerful modelling capabilities, deep learning‐based algorithms have recently made considerable progress in reconstructing the high‐resolution hyperspectral (HR‐HS) image. With previously collected large‐amount of external data, these methods are intuitively realised under the full supervision of the ground‐truth data. Thus, the database construction in merging the low‐resolution (LR) HS (LR‐HS) and HR multispectral (MS) or RGB image research paradigm, commonly named as HSI SR, requires collecting corresponding training triplets: HR‐MS (RGB), LR‐HS and HR‐HS image simultaneously, and often faces difficulties in reality. The learned models with the training datasets collected simultaneously under controlled conditions may significantly degrade the HSI super‐resolved performance to the real images captured under diverse environments. To handle the above‐mentioned limitations, the authors propose to leverage the deep internal and self‐supervised learning to solve the HSI SR problem. The authors advocate that it is possible to train a specific CNN model at test time, called as deep internal learning (DIL), by on‐line preparing the training triplet samples from the observed LR‐HS/HR‐MS (or RGB) images and the down‐sampled LR‐HS version. However, the number of the training triplets extracted solely from the transformed data of the observation itself is extremely few particularly for the HSI SR tasks with large spatial upscale factors, which would result in limited reconstruction performance. To solve this problem, the authors further exploit deep self‐supervised learning (DSL) by considering the observations as the unlabelled training samples. Specifically, the degradation modules inside the network were elaborated to realise the spatial and spectral down‐sampling procedures for transforming the generated HR‐HS estimation to the high‐resolution RGB/LR‐HS approximation, and then the reconstruction errors of the observations were formulated for measuring the network modelling performance. By consolidating the DIL and DSL into a unified deep framework, the authors construct a more robust HSI SR method without any prior training and have great potential of flexible adaptation to different settings per observation. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, extensive experiments have been conducted on two benchmark HS datasets, including the CAVE and Harvard datasets, and demonstrate the great performance gain of the proposed method over the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Super‐resolution reconstruction based on generative adversarial networks with dual branch half instance normalization
Authors: Guo Xiaoxin , Tu Zhenchuan , Zhang Haoran , Dong Hongliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a super‐resolution reconstruction model, SRPGANto improve the visual quality of images based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) by improving the network structures of the generator and the discriminator. In the generator, a dual branch residual block is designed instead of the residual block, including a branch with an attention mechanism and a branch without an attention mechanism, to extract more differentiated features. Normalization methods are explored to avoid unstable training and bath normalization artifacts and use a half instance normalization layer that is more suitable for underlying visual problems compared with traditional batch normalization. In the discriminator, PatchGAN is applied instead of typical GAN to improve the generation of local texture by discriminating each patch rather than the global image. The experimental results on the public datasets demonstrate that the proposed SRPGAN can achieve excellent quantitative evaluation while improving the visual quality of reconstructed images.
Voltage regulation in low voltage distribution networks with unbalanced penetrations of photovoltaics and battery storage systems
Authors: Micallef Alexander , Spiteri‐Staines Cyril , Licari John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGrid integration constraints are limiting the deployment potential of renewable energy sources in Malta. Large penetrations of photovoltaics in the low voltage (LV) distribution network pose a significant risk to grid stability due to their inherent intermittency and are known to cause overvoltages and reverse power flows. The authors evaluate how self‐consumption strategies with distributed battery energy storage systems can contribute to the voltage regulation in LV networks and the reduction of reverse power flows. The batteries are controlled to absorb the reverse power flow at the dwellings' point of common coupling, before this is injected into the LV network. Simulations show that uncoordinated strategies are not suitable to address the distribution network challenges during reverse power flows and evening peak demands. On the other hand, self‐consumption coordinated by a time‐varying feed‐in tariff (FiT) can provide higher profitability to the prosumers while providing added benefits to the utility. The net‐billing profitability for the prosumers in a self‐consumption scenario with time‐varying FiT is transformed from the downward trend of the uncoordinated scenario to an upward trend against the increasing values of storage capacity.
„Wir bieten eine evidenzbasierte Naturheilkunde an“
Authors: Niklas Anke 
Published: February 2024

SummarySeit 2015 gibt es am Stuttgarter Robert Bosch Krankenhaus die Abteilung für Naturheilkunde und Integrative Medizin. Heute wünschen sich viele Kolleg*innen mehr Präsenz der Naturheilkunde, sagt Dr. Marcela Winkler. Ein Gespräch über die Möglichkeiten der Integrativen Medizin.
Chinesische Arzneimitteltherapie bei Infekten
Authors: Hummelsberger Josef 
Published: February 2024

SummaryFür viele Ärzt*innen und Therapeut*innen ist die chinesische Arzneimitteltherapie wegen der großen Anzahl von Arzneimitteln und Rezepturen möglicherweise etwas abschreckend. Die Behandlung von Erkältungskrankheiten und Infekten ist jedoch relativ einfach, die chinesische Arzneimitteltherapie hervorragend und schnell wirksam, der Erfolg für Ärzt*innen und Patient*innen offensichtlich. Und auch bei neuen viralen Infekten wie Covid-19 wirken die bekannten Rezepturen, da sie nicht erreger-, sondern syndromspezifisch angewendet werden.
Evaluation of Plant Essential Oils as Natural Alternatives for Alcohol-based Mouthwashes: Spotlight—Lemongrass and Citronella Java
Authors: Narayanan Nirupama , Sabour Jennifer , Chiswell Brian , Weiland Mitch 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective The purpose of our study was to evaluate plant-derived essential oils (EOs) as natural alternatives to commercial alcohol-based mouthwashes in the prevention of dental caries since several recent studies have linked high incidence of oral cancer among users with a history of prolonged use of alcohol-based mouthwashes.
Materials and Methods Lemongrass, Citronella Java, Gingergrass, and Caraway seed EOs were tested against commonly occurring multidrug-resistant (MDR) oral bacteria namely Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus oralis, and Streptococcus salivarius. Agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of these EOs. Samples of Citronella Java and Lemongrass EO were also analyzed by gas chromatography (GC).
Results Lemongrass and Citronella Java exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against all four bacterial strains. Inhibition zones of Lemongrass were 12, 21.3, 28.3, and 32 mm in diameter against E. faecalis, M. luteus, S. oralis, and S. salivarius, respectively. In comparison, inhibition zones of Citronella Java were 11.5, 17, 20.7, and 20.2 mm in diameter against E. faecalis, M. luteus, S. oralis, and S. salivarius, respectively. A significant finding in our study was that antibacterial activity of Lemongrass was much higher than that of tetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, against S. oralis and S. salivarius, while the inhibitory effects of Citronella Java against these two oral streptococci were comparable to tetracycline. The major components of Citronella Java identified by GC were citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol, whereas Lemongrass was primarily composed of cis and trans forms of citral.
Conclusion Our results suggest that Lemongrass and Citronella Java could be promising natural alternatives to alcohol-based mouthwashes against MDR oral bacteria in the prevention of dental caries.
Percutaneous Neutralization Screw with Arthroscopic Bone Grafting for Scaphoid Nonunion
Authors: Sivakumar Brahman Shankar , Ang Soon Ghee , Smith Nicholas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background The optimal management of established scaphoid nonunion is undecided. Priorities in this setting include the restoration of normal geometry and elimination of any bony defect, provision of adequate stability to allow early mobilization, and the achievement of union.
Technique We describe a technique of arthroscopic assessment and debridement, reduction of deformity and autologous cancellous bone grafting, and stabilization via a specifically designed neutralization screw, to realize the above aims.
Patients and Methods Consecutive patients undergoing this technique at a single center in Sydney, Australia, underwent pre- and postoperative assessment. Parameters assessed include a range of motion and patient-reported outcome measures.
Results In total, 14 patients (11 males and 3 females with a mean age of 22.4 years) underwent treatment of scaphoid nonunion using this technique, at a mean of 105.9 weeks following index injury. The cohort was followed up radiologically for a mean of 20.7 weeks and clinically for 147.3 weeks. Union was achieved in 13 of 14 patients at a mean of 12.4 weeks. Significant improvements were noted in pain visual analogue scale (VAS), while changes were also noted in range of motion and quick disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (QuickDASH) score.
Conclusion This technique of arthroscopic management of scaphoid nonunion using a neutralization screw and cancellous bone graft is simple, easily reproducible, and confers numerous advantages when compared with other treatment modalities.
Nylon Suture Loop for Tagging Lymphatic Channels during Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis
Authors: Tan Grace Hui-Min , Feng Jiajun , Kok Yee Onn , Tan Pearlie Woon Woon , Wong Allen Wei-Jiat 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) requires special supermicrosurgery techniques designed for vessels less than 0.8 mm in size. While preparing the field for LVA, it is often difficult to handle the lymphatic vessel directly without injuring it or fracturing it entirely.
Method We propose a novel technique, which is used in LVA for tagging of lymphatic vessels, with the use of a nylon 6–0 suture and micro-ligaclip.
Results We have successfully performed 78 LVAs in 26 cases with this method. The average lymphatic vessel size was 0.3 mm (0.15–0.8 mm).
Conclusion This novel technique to implement the use of a nylon suture with a micro-ligaclip to use as a vessel loop for lymphatics has not been previously described in the literature. It is a useful technique that we find beneficial to lymphatic identification through tagging of the lymphatic channels, contributing to greater success in each anastomosis.
Examining the Impact of Sensory Brand Experience on Brand Loyalty
Authors: Zha Dongmei , Foroudi Pantea , Melewar T. C. , Jin Zhongqi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research investigates five sensory cues (i.e. visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, and taste) influencing sensory brand experience leading to brand loyalty through customer satisfaction, brand attachment, and customer lovemarks. It also investigates the role of employee empathy in moderating the effect of sensory brand experience on customer satisfaction, brand attachment, and customer lovemarks. Our investigation followed a mixed-method research design, a predominantly quantitative approach by using questionnaire responses from 512 Chinese consumers, which is supported by 10 in-depth interviews and 4 focus group discussions to gain early insights into the subject area. The results suggest that five sensory cues have a significant impact on sensory brand experience and, in turn, contribute to customer satisfaction, brand attachment, and customer lovemarks. It also suggests that not all dimensions of customer satisfaction and brand attachment predict brand loyalty, and employee empathy negatively moderates the relationship between sensory brand experience and customer lovemarks.
Toponymic surnames and the spatiality of heresy prosecutions: Peter Seila’s register of sentences from the Quercy region (Languedoc), 1241–1242
Authors: Shaw Robert L. J. , Sikk Kaarel , Zbíral David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOur knowledge of the geography of medieval religious dissent and its repression in the Latin West is limited by a lack of systematic study of locational information in inquisition trial records. Spatial analysis of these rich details has the potential to help build a bottom-up picture of interaction between dissidents and inquisitors that moves beyond institutional perspectives. This task is rendered challenging due to the inconsistencies and uncertainties of what inquisitors and their notaries typically recorded about the spatial associations of suspects. Probably the most common indicator of such associations found in inquisition records are toponymic surnames. They present challenges of coverage (not everybody had a toponymic surname) and interpretation (multiple possible meanings). This study attempts to tackle the challenge of interpreting such surnames within the context of the nine sentencing events held by the inquisitor Peter Seila in 1241 and 1242 in the Quercy region of Languedoc: covering 650 sentenced individuals, the register documenting these events is the earliest extant record of an inquisition of such scale. Rather than taking the interpretative challenges of toponymic surnames as reasons to limit ourselves to qualitative analysis, our approach shows the value of rendering and analysing them as structured data. Firstly, we quantify the context of toponymic surnames, placing them against the background of broader name construction practices and other social factors. Secondly, we plot and analyse the geocoded data derived from toponymic surnames with the benefit of this contextualisation, looking especially at the distance of toponyms from their associated sentencing centres, in order to derive narratives that best explain the generality of their meaning. The results allow us to appraise the actual spatial coverage of the nine sentencing events. The first two, centred on the important towns of Montauban and Moissac, seem most likely to have been primarily urban affairs, with little evidence of rural coverage. The remainder, which took place incastra(fortified villages), appear to have covered more of the surrounding countryside. These results geographically contextualise the reports of dissidence conveyed within Peter’s register, and suggest narratives for how Peter optimised his strategy for impact in the face of constraints.
Contrasting the semantics of prepositions through a cognitive linguistic approach
Authors: Kalyuga Marika , Yunusova Sofya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Many studies on cognitive-semantic analysis focus on the patterns of polysemy of prepositions and the explanation
of how the multiple senses of prepositions are related in systematic ways. Only a few publications pay attention to the
contrastive analysis of prepositions in different languages. The article addresses this gap in research literature and aims: to
present a contrastive analysis of the English preposition on and its Italian and Russian partial equivalents in
order to uncover the main areas of semantic asymmetry between them; to compare patterns of semantic extensions (from spatial to
nonspatial senses) of these prepositions, and to determine how the similarities and differences in their spatial senses explain
the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses. The article follows a conceptual metaphor approach. Since most of the
conceptual metaphors and metonyms are common cross-linguistically, similarities in patterns of semantic extensions of prepositions
can be explained through the conceptual metaphors and metonymies on which these extensions are based. The article also
demonstrates how the similarities and differences in spatial senses of the English preposition on, Italian
su, and Russian na explain the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses.
A Bayesian approach for consistent reconstruction of inclusions
Authors: Afkham B M , Knudsen K , Rasmussen A K , Tarvainen T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper considers a Bayesian approach for inclusion detection in nonlinear inverse problems using two known and popular push-forward prior distributions: the star-shaped and level set prior distributions. We analyze the convergence of the corresponding posterior distributions in a small measurement noise limit. The methodology is general; it works for priors arising from any Hölder continuous transformation of Gaussian random fields and is applicable to a range of inverse problems. The level set and star-shaped prior distributions are examples of push-forward priors under Hölder continuous transformations that take advantage of the structure of inclusion detection problems. We show that the corresponding posterior mean converges to the ground truth in a proper probabilistic sense. Numerical tests on a two-dimensional quantitative photoacoustic tomography problem showcase the approach. The results highlight the convergence properties of the posterior distributions and the ability of the methodology to detect inclusions with sufficiently regular boundaries.
Effects of liquid properties on the development of nanosecond-pulsed plasma inside of liquid: comparison of water and liquid nitrogen
Authors: Song Zhiheng , Fridman Alexander , Dobrynin Danil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this manuscript, we report on observations of the development of nanosecond-pulsed plasma in liquids and examine liquids with two drastically different properties: water and liquid nitrogen. Here, we compare the discharge appearance using high-speed imaging, examine bubble formation using shadow imaging, and measure the time-averaged optical emission spectra of these plasmas. Because the liquid nitrogen plasma is ignited in a liquid that is at boiling temperature, we also study the water discharge at various temperatures, up to boiling. We demonstrate that the discharge development appears not to be affected by this type of liquid. Optical emission, however, is strikingly different: in water, we observe continuum emission in the UV region only and no black-body continuum or atomic lines, whereas the liquid nitrogen spectrum is populated by molecular and longer wavelength broadband emissions.
Anisotropy constant of antiferromagnetic Pt50Mn50
Authors: Frost W , Carpenter R , Vallejo-Fernandez G 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We have measured the anisotropy constant of polycrystalline PtMn thin films deposited on different seed layer materials: Pt, Ru and Nb. Values as high as

(
2.5
±
0.5
)
⋅

10

7

e
r
g

c
m

−
3

were achieved for samples deposited on Pt. The films can be crystallised into the antiferromagnetic, face-centred-tetragonal phase on Ru and Pt seed layers at annealing temperatures compatible with back-end-of-line conditions of up to 400 ∘C for one to three hours. Additionally these antiferromagnetic layers, 8 nm thick, are highly thermally stable with median blocking temperatures above 200 ∘C. The effect of diffusion on the stoichiometry of the PtMn layers is discussed with regards to the different seed layer materials.
On the role of defects in modelling approaches for thin film gas barrier coatings on polymer substrates: I. Model development
Authors: Franke J , Dahlmann R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present a method to model the gas permeation through silicon-oxide thin film coatings that are afflicted with nanoscale defects. With it, we are able to give an estimation of the diffusion coefficient in bulk by subtracting the influence of the defects. The model is based on data obtained from positron annihilation spectroscopy, which is processed to yield possible defect allocation patterns of the coatings. For a systematic evaluation of these patterns, a path through the coating is calculated and then subjected to in-depth analysis to evaluate the used approach as well as to interpret the results for insights on the permeation mechanisms. The model appears to function as intended and no unexpected behaviour is observed. The defect volume share is overestimated, which can be retraced to the underlying algorithm, and a correction method is applied to the resulting bulk diffusion coefficient. The model gives reasonable results both for oxygen and water vapor permeation. These results can be used in following works that build on the presented model.
Graph attention neural networks for mapping materials and molecules beyond short-range interatomic correlations
Authors: Liu Yuanbin , Liu Xin , Cao Bingyang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bringing advances in machine learning to chemical science is leading to a revolutionary change in the way of accelerating materials discovery and atomic-scale simulations. Currently, most successful machine learning schemes can be largely traced to the use of localized atomic environments in the structural representation of materials and molecules. However, this may undermine the reliability of machine learning models for mapping complex systems and describing long-range physical effects because of the lack of non-local correlations between atoms. To overcome such limitations, here we report a graph attention neural network as a unified framework to map materials and molecules into a generalizable and interpretable representation that combines local and non-local information of atomic environments from multiple scales. As an exemplary study, our model is applied to predict the electronic structure properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) which have notable diversity in compositions and structures. The results show that our model achieves the state-of-the-art performance. The clustering analysis further demonstrates that our model enables high-level identification of MOFs with spatial and chemical resolution, which would facilitate the rational design of promising reticular materials. Furthermore, the application of our model in predicting the heat capacity of complex nanoporous materials, a critical property in a carbon capture process, showcases its versatility and accuracy in handling diverse physical properties beyond electronic structures.