bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroencephalography microstates highlight specific mindfulness traits
Authors: Zarka D. , Cevallos C. , Ruiz P. , Petieau M. , Cebolla A. M. , Bengoetxea A. , Cheron G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the spontaneous dynamics of large‐scale brain networks underlying mindfulness as a dispositional trait, through resting‐state electroencephalography (EEG) microstates analysis. Eighteen participants had attended a standardized mindfulness‐based stress reduction training (MBSR), and 18 matched waitlist individuals (CTRL) were recorded at rest while they were passively exposed to auditory stimuli. Participants' mindfulness traits were assessed with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). To further explore the relationship between microstate dynamics at rest and mindfulness traits, participants were also asked to rate their experience according to five phenomenal dimensions. After training, MBSR participants showed a highly significant increase in FFMQ score, as well as higher observing and non‐reactivity FFMQ sub‐scores than CTRL participants. Microstate analysis revealed four classes of microstates (A–D) in global clustering across all subjects. The MBSR group showed lower duration, occurrence and coverage of microstate C than the control group. Moreover, these microstate C parameters were negatively correlated to non‐reactivity sub‐scores of FFMQ across participants, whereas the microstate A occurrence was negatively correlated to FFMQ total score. Further analysis of participants' self‐reports suggested that MBSR participants showed a better sensory‐affective integration of auditory interferences. In line with previous studies, our results suggest that temporal dynamics of microstate C underlie specifically the non‐reactivity trait of mindfulness. These findings encourage further research into microstates in the evaluation and monitoring of the impact of mindfulness‐based interventions on the mental health and well‐being of individuals.
Does inbreeding contribute to pregnancy loss inThoroughbredhorses?
Authors: Lawson Jessica M. , Shilton Charlotte A. , Lindsay‐McGee Victoria , Psifidi Androniki , Wathes D. Claire , Raudsepp Terje , de Mestre Amanda M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundExcessive inbreeding increases the probability of uncovering homozygous recessive genotypes and has been associated with an increased risk of retained placenta and lower semen quality. No genomic analysis has investigated the association between inbreeding levels and pregnancy loss.ObjectivesTo compare genetic inbreeding coefficients (F) of naturally occurring Thoroughbred Early Pregnancy Loss (EPLs), Mid and Late term Pregnancy Loss (MLPL) and Controls. TheFvalue was hypothesised to be higher in cases of pregnancy loss (EPLs and MLPLs) than Controls.Study designObservational case–control study.MethodsAllantochorion and fetal DNA from EPL (n = 37, gestation age 14–65 days), MLPL (n = 94, gestational age 70 days–24 h post parturition) and Controls (n = 58) were genotyped on the Axiom Equine 670K SNP Genotyping Array. Inbreeding coefficients using Runs of Homozygosity (FROH) were calculated using PLINK software. ROHs were split into size categories to investigate the recency of inbreeding.ResultsMLPLs had significantly higher median number of ROH (188 interquartile range [IQR], 180.8–197.3), length of ROH (3.10, IQR 2.93–3.33), and total number of ROH (590.8, IQR 537.3–632.3), andFROH(0.26, IQR 0.24–0.28) when compared with the Controls and the EPLs (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in any of the inbreeding indices between the EPLs and Controls. The MLPLs had a significantly higher proportion of long (>10 Mb) ROH (2.5%, IQR 1.6–3.6) than the Controls (1.7%, IQR 0.6–2.5),p = 0.001. No unique ROHs were found in the EPL or MLPL populations.Main limitationsSNP‐array data does not allow analysis of every base in the sequence.ConclusionsThis first study of the effect of genomic inbreeding levels on pregnancy loss showed that inbreeding is a contributor to MLPL, but not EPL in the UK Thoroughbred population. Mating choices remain critical, because inbreeding may predispose to MLPL by increasing the risk of homozygosity for specific lethal allele(s).
Detecting cardiovascular diseases from radiographic images using deep learning techniques
Authors: Alsanea Majed , Dutta Ashit Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability across the globe. Chest x‐rays (CXR) are crucial in detecting chest and CD. The CXR images present helpful information to the radiologist to identify a disease at an earlier stage. Several convolutional neural network (CNN) models for classifying the CXR images have been established. However, there is a demand for significant improvement in CNN models to generalize them in diverse datasets. In addition, healthcare centers require an effective model for identifying CD with limited resources. Therefore, the authors developed a CNN‐based CD detector using CXR images. The proposed research employs the You Only Look Once, version 7 technique to extract features and DenseNet‐161 for classifying the CXR images into normal and abnormal classes. The authors utilized datasets, including CheXpert and VinDr‐CXR, for the performance evaluation. The findings reveal that the proposed study achieves an accuracy and F1‐measure of 97.9, 97.47, 96.85, and 97.77 for the CheXpert and VinDr‐CXR datasets, respectively. The recommended model required fewer parameters of 5.2 M and less computation time for predicting CD. The study's outcome can assist clinicians in detecting CD at the earliest stage.
Organo–organic interactions dominantly drive soil organic carbon accrual
Authors: Kang Jie , Qu Chenchen , Chen Wenli , Cai Peng , Chen Chengrong , Huang Qiaoyun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOrgano–mineral interactions have been regarded as the primary mechanism for the stabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC) over decadal to millennial timescales, and the capacity for soil carbon (C) storage has commonly been assessed based on soil mineralogical attributes, particularly mineral surface availability. However, it remains contentious whether soil C sequestration is exclusively governed by mineral vacancies, making it challenging to accurately predict SOC dynamics. Here, through a 400‐day incubation experiment using 13C‐labeled organic materials in two contrasting soils (i.e., Mollisol and Ultisol), we show that despite the unsaturation of mineral surfaces in both soils, the newly incorporated C predominantly adheres to “dirty” mineral surfaces coated with native organic matter (OM), demonstrating the crucial role of organo–organic interactions in exogenous C sequestration. Such interactions lead to multilayered C accumulation that is not constrained by mineral vacancies, a process distinct from direct organo–mineral contacts. The coverage of native OM by new C, representing the degree of organo–organic interactions, is noticeably larger in Ultisol (~14.2%) than in Mollisol (~5.8%), amounting to the net retention of exogenous C in Ultisol by 0.2–1.3 g kg−1 and in Mollisol by 0.1–1.0 g kg−1. Additionally, organo–organic interactions are primarily mediated by polysaccharide‐rich microbial necromass. Further evidence indicates that iron oxides can selectively preserve polysaccharide compounds, thereby promoting the organo–organic interactions. Overall, our findings provide direct empirical evidence for an overlooked but critically important pathway of C accumulation, challenging the prevailing “C saturation” concept that emphasizes the overriding role of mineral vacancies. It is estimated that, through organo–organic interactions, global Mollisols and Ultisols might sequester ~0.1–1.0 and ~0.3–1.7 Pg C per year, respectively, corresponding to the neutralization of ca. 0.5%–3.0% of soil C emissions or 5%–30% of fossil fuel combustion globally.
Bioactive potassium and sodium niobate (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 synthesized by solid‐state reaction and sol–gel methods
Authors: Noronha Ferreira Ribeiro Suzana , Elzubair Eltom Amal , Marçal Rubens Lincoln Santana Blazutti , Navarro Da Rocha Daniel , Cationi Hirata Mariáh , Domingos Mariano Eric , Machado Izabel Fernanda , Prado Da Silva Marcelo Henrique 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study proposes an innovative approach in the quest for piezoelectric materials, aiming to replace lead‐based ceramics (PZTs), known for their high toxicity. Potassium sodium niobate (KNN) compounds were chosen as a promising alternative. While the synthesis of KNN via solid‐state reaction (SSR) is common, maintaining the correct stoichiometry is challenging. In this work, we employed sol–gel (SG) and SSR methods for synthesis, combined with both conventional sintering techniques and spark plasma sintering. Comprehensive analyses were conducted, including crystal structure, microstructure, density, and piezoelectric properties, as well as bioactivity tests, among others. The results revealed that KNN samples exhibited remarkable piezoelectricity, coupled with surprising bioactivity, demonstrating good cell viability and resorption in a biological medium. Thoughtful selection of synthesis methods and variations in the sintering process were crucial in achieving high densification rates, enabling the investigation of the interplay between density and piezoelectric properties. Additionally, the application of polarization prior to immersion in a biological medium stimulated apatite precipitation. This indicates the promising application of these compounds as bioceramic devices.
Effect of ultrasound treatment on the composition and emulsifying properties of quinoa okara
Authors: Ragonese Verónica E. , Moscoso Ospina Yeisson A. , Cabezas Darío M. , Kakisu Emiliano J. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryHigh‐intensity ultrasound (HIUS) treatment is a physical method utilised to modify and improve some technologically important compounds (such as protein, fibres) that serves as an environment‐friendly process. In this regard, the effect of HIUS on the composition and emulsifying properties of quinoa okara fractions was analysed. Dispersions (1:10) of ground quinoa grains alkalinised to pH 9.0 were treated by high‐intensity ultrasound. Quinoa okara and sonicated quinoa okara (SQOK) exhibited a similar extraction yield (60%), although SQOK showed a three‐fold increase in protein content. Scanning electron microscopy showed that HIUS reduced the particle size of okara molecular structures. Analysis of O/W emulsions formulated with the okara samples demonstrated that the SQOK had a smaller droplet size and increased the stability of the system against the destabilisation processes of creaming and coalescence. The quinoa okara optimised with the application of the clean ultrasound technology allows adding value to a by‐product with potential applications as a food emulsifier. Quinoa okara could be used as an innovative additive for application in the emerging plant‐based food market.
Physicochemical characteristics of air‐dried instant noodles formulated with raw amaranth flour: impact on consumer liking, acceptability and purchase intent of soups
Authors: Lopez‐Hernández Sofía , Arámbula‐Villa Gerónimo , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon , López‐Espíndola Mirna , Contreras‐Oliva Adriana , de Jesús Ramírez‐Rivera Emmanuel , Herrera‐Corredor José Andrés 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of raw amaranth flour on physicochemical characteristics of instant noodles and the impact in liking, acceptability, and purchase intent of prepared soups. Four formulations of air‐dried instant noodles (50%, 40%, 20% and 0% amaranth) and one commercial product were evaluated in terms of physicochemical and antioxidant activity characteristics. Soups prepared with chicken seasoning were evaluated in terms of consumer liking, acceptability and purchase intent (N = 200). Amaranth‐formulated instant noodles were found to have higher fibre content, protein content, solubility index, cohesiveness, and antioxidant activity than commercial and wheat formulated treatments. On the contrary, a decrease in luminosity, adhesiveness and pasting properties was found. In general, consumer liking of soups was reduced in amaranth‐formulated treatments. Aroma was critical for acceptability and colour was a driver for purchase intent. Including raw amaranth flour in the formulation of instant noodles increased their nutritional quality. However, sensory characteristics of soups should be optimised to meet consumer needs.
Inhibition of blood pressure elevation in GABA‐enriched Hidakakombu fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 002 protected addition of trehalose
Authors: Somekawa Nana , Sekine Tetsuya , Hamada‐Sato Naoko 
Published: January 2024

SummaryHidakakombu (Saccharina angustata) is an edible brown alga produced in the Hidaka region of Hokkaido. It is graded at the time of processing, and low‐grade products have a low market value. New ways to utilise Hidakakombu are needed to increase producer profits. In this study, Hidakakombu was fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 002 to determine its functional properties. Fermentation of the Hidakakombu increased its γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. The addition of trehalose to L. plantarum 002 in Hidakakombu inhibited the decrease in the number of L. plantarum 002, while maintaining a high level of GABA. L. plantarum 002 in trehalose‐supplemented and fermented Hidakakombu remained viable in simulated gastric juice and grew in simulated intestinal juice. L. plantarum 002‐fermented Hidakakombu has an antihypertensive function that is attributed to GABA. The addition of trehalose protected L. plantarum 002 in fermented Hidakakombu and enhanced freeze‐drying and digestive juice tolerance.
The physical properties of fish gelatin gel are enhanced by the cross‐linking activity of olive leaf water extract
Authors: Akazawa Takashi , Itami Hikaru , Ogawa Masahiro 
Published: January 2024

SummaryA cold‐water extract prepared from olive tree leaves (Olea europaea L.) was utilised to enhance the mechanical strength and melting temperature of fish gelatin (FG) gel. At concentrations of 5.0% (w/v), olive leaf extract (OLEx) enhanced the breaking stress and strain of FG gel by 11.6‐ and 1.9‐fold, respectively. The melting temperature of FG gel was positively correlated with OLEx levels with FG gel not melting even at temperatures exceeding 80 °C, with the addition of 0.5% (w/v) OLEx. Chemical analysis of FG protein indicated that OLEx induced graft polymerisation of the FG polypeptide chains by reacting with the primary amino groups of FG. Oleacein, the major phenolic compound, purified from OLEx, acted as a cross‐linker, enhancing the breaking strength of the gel, suggesting its predominant role in the gel‐enhancing activity of OLEx. Thus, OLEx demonstrates significant potential as a natural modifier for enhancing FG gel properties.
Seaweed as a sustainable future food source
Authors: Chen Zhengxin , Zhang Lizhu , Liu Yuning , Wen Yuxi , Shan Shuo , Zhao Chao 
Published: January 2024

SummarySeaweed is a kind of high‐quality resource with wide distribution, short growth period and variety. They contain a variety of bioactive substances, including vitamins, proteins, polysaccharides, minerals, phenols and terpenes. Seaweed is also a source of a new class of high‐quality protein, and it also contains some active ingredients not found in land plants. These bioactive substances give seaweed powerful physiological functions so that it is used in medical, food, cosmetics and other industries. At present, the development of seaweed is still relatively simple, and its application potential is far more than that. With the support of rich active substances, seaweed is considered to be a healthy food for sustainable applications in the future. On this basis, future applications such as the development of plant‐based meat, plant‐based protein and space food using seaweed are proposed in this paper.
Effect of different forms of nanocellulose on the stability of pork myofibrillar proteins' emulsion system
Authors: Shang Xiaolan , Zhang Chundan , Zhao Pengyi , Wu Yuxin , Wang Zehan 
Published: January 2024

SummaryMyofibrillar proteins (MP) and two forms of nanocellulose (cellulose nanofibers [CNFs] and cellulose nanocrystals [CNCs]) were used to prepare oil‐in‐water emulsion. The effect of CNFs and CNCs on the properties of pork MP‐lard emulsion was studied by analysing the emulsion index, microstructure, oil droplet size, zeta potential and rheological behaviour of emulsion. The results showed that both CNFs and CNCs improved MP‐lard emulsion stability. At the same nanofiber concentration, the creaming index of CNFs stabilised emulsion was lower than that of CNCs stabilised emulsion, especially at the concentration of 0.5%, emulsion prepared with CNFs has no phenomenon of creaming index, while emulsion prepared with CNCs still has creaming index phenomenon. At the same nanofiber concentration, the oil droplet distribution of CNFs stabilised emulsion was more uniform, especially at low concentrations (≤0.5%). At higher cellulose concentration (≥0.75%), the particle size of CNFs stabilised emulsion was larger than that of CNCs stabilised emulsion. CNFs stabilised emulsion had a higher zeta potential and modulus than that of CNCs stabilised emulsion and the emulsion formed by CNFs was more viscoelastic.
Applications of value‐added natural dye fortified with biopolymer‐based food packaging: sustainability through smart and sensible applications
Authors: Kumar Akash , Pramanik Jhilam , Batta Kajol , Bamal Pooja , Prajapati Bhupendra , Singh Sudarshan 
Published: January 2024

SummaryAnnually, 1.3 billion metric tonnes of food get wasted, and packaging is crucial in reducing food wastage. Anthocyanin is a natural pigment found in plants and recently gained attention due to its biodegradability, non‐toxicity, pH‐sensitive colour‐changing characteristic, antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. These characteristics open a new and promising application in intelligent/smart food packaging. In this context, this review highlights the role of anthocyanin in intelligent or smart packaging specifically focused on pH‐sensitive colour‐changing properties and enhancing the shelf life of food due to antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. This review also provides insights about the anthocyanin extraction methods and intelligent packaging fabrication methods.
Effects of working conditions on the perception of night work safety and health effects on nurses
Authors: Yi Jinseon , Hong Kyung Jin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo examine night working conditions by shift work type and identify the effects of night working conditions on nurses’ perceptions of shift work safety and health effects.BackgroundNight work is the main factor affecting nurses’ health. However, the safety of night working conditions has not been sufficiently examined in previous studies.MethodsThis study used a cross‐sectional research design and an online survey using a tool released by the Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, and the responses of 348 shift work nurses in Korea were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effects of shift work conditions on the perceived safety of night work and health effects. The STROBE reporting guidelines were utilized, and data were collected from December 1 to December 31, 2021.ResultsThe adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that perceived threat to safety and the health effects of shift work were not significant according to shift type. However, night‐shift‐work nurses who worked alone (P = 0.003), lacked an emergency recovery system (P = 0.026), and had difficulty commuting perceived a threat to their health (P = 0.007). Additionally, nurses who experienced loss of concentration (P = 0.006) and inadequate rest time (P < 0.001) perceived the health effects of shift work.DiscussionUrgent monitoring of night work conditions is necessary for the 2‐shift work type. Nurses must work night shifts together and an emergency system should be established for their safety.ConclusionNight work conditions should be improved to prevent the hazards of night work and its negative health effects on nurses.Implications for nursing and health policyThis study suggests the necessity of a policy to enhance night work safety, including emergency coping systems and sufficient inter‐shift rest time.
Low‐temperature sintered (Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Mo)C ceramics with improved hardness and toughness by using CrN as sintering additive
Authors: Liu Yang , Liang Jia‐Ji , Guo Wei‐Ming , Tian Yu , Liu Hong‐Lan , Huang Kun‐Heng , Lin Hua‐Tay 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCurrently, previous studies of low‐temperature sintering of high‐entropy carbide ceramics (HECCs) have followed the traditional approach to use the low‐melting‐point metals, such as Co, Ni, and so forth, as sintering additives. However, metallic binders can cause adverse impacts on hardness of HECCs. This study reported an innovation processing method for low‐temperature sintering of HECCs, which involved the use of various contents of CrN as sintering additive and spark plasma sintering at 1600°C to obtain dense HECCs. In comparison to the grain size of pure (Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Mo)C bulk sintered at 2000°C (3.29 ± 1.02 μm), the grain size of samples with the addition of 5–15 wt.% CrN sintered at 1600°C was significantly smaller, ranging from 0.32 to 0.48 μm. By using only 5 wt.% CrN, dense (Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Mo)C ceramics with a high hardness value of 26.73 ± 0.43 GPa could be obtained. Furthermore, increasing the amount of CrN to 15 wt.% resulted in a fracture toughness of 3.78 ± 0.10 MPa·m1/2. It is anticipated that the (Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Mo)C ceramic with an ideally combined hardness and toughness can be achieved at low sintering temperatures by the proper control of CrN content.
Mid‐term outcomes of total neointima implantation in surgical repair of acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Lin Yong , Xie Lin‐feng , Zhang Zhao‐feng , He Jian , Dai Xiao‐fu , Chen Liang‐wan , Chen Mei‐fang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTotal neointima implantation (patch neointima technique + triple‐branched stent graft placement) has been performed in proximal aortic repair for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) for more than 10 years at a center. However, there is no report on the mid‐term outcomes with a control group of the surgical procedure. Consequently, the authors aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this technique in this study. Patients who underwent the total neointima implantation were classified as Group A, and those who underwent the conventional aortic root reconstruction with the “sandwich” technique and the total aortic arch replacement were classified as Group B. Furthermore, the authors described the preoperative characteristics, operative data, and patient outcomes. Group A patients experienced a shorter surgery duration, lower volumes of perioperative bleeding, and fewer red blood cell transfusions. The incidence of neurological complications was significantly reduced in Group A. All patients maintained a normal range of proximal aortic sizes after surgery. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed no significant differences between the patients in the two groups regarding cumulative mortality and the incidence of moderate‐to‐severe aortic insufficiency. In well‐selected patients, total neointima implantation is an alternative procedure for the surgical repair of ATAAD.