bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting the effect of an intermediate adapter on the load of the bearing structure of an open wagon
Authors: Lovska Alyona , Dižo Ján , Prokopovych Ihor , Zharovа Oksana , Voronenko Serhii 
Published: December 2023

The object of the research is the processes of occurrence, perception, and redistribution of loads in the load-bearing structure of an open wagon body, taking into account the use of an intermediate adapter.
To reduce the vertical dynamic loads acting on the supporting structure of the railroad car, it is suggested to use an intermediate adapter between the frame and the load. The dynamic load of the supporting structure of the open wagon was modeled, taking into account the use of an intermediate adapter. The research was carried out in the vertical plane during the oscillations of the bouncing of the car. The results of the calculations showed that the acceleration acting in the center of mass of the supporting structure of the open wagon is 4.2 % lower than that acting on the supporting structure of the open wagon without using an adapter. The obtained acceleration results are taken into account when determining the strength of the supporting structure of the open wagon. It was established that the use of an intermediate adapter contributes to the reduction of stresses in the supporting structure of the open wagon by 6 % compared to the typical scheme of cargo transportation.
A feature of the results is that the proposed solution to reduce the dynamic load of the supporting structure of the car can be implemented without improving its design.
The field of practical use of the results is the engineering industry, in particular, railroad transport. The conditions for the practical use of the research results are the placement of the adapter over the entire floor area of the car body.
The research will contribute to devising recommendations on reducing the load on the load-bearing structures of cars, the costs of their unplanned repairs, and to increasing the efficiency of railroad transport operation
Design and research of the ground robotic system structure for weapons remote control
Authors: Dehtiarov Ivan , Leontiev Petro , Miroshnychenko Dmytro , Lanchynskyi Vadym , Buhaiets Pavlo 
Published: December 2023

During hostilities, ground robotic systems play an important role in minimizing losses of servicemen and suspending the combat capabilities of troops. For firing, robotic complexes are equipped with gun turrets. Researchers are conducting research to improve the performance, reliability and firing accuracy of such turrets. This work describes the design and research of an experimental sample of a ground robotic system, which is equipped with a turret for controlling the position of a machine gun. The description and results of experimental studies of dynamic loads during robot movement at different speeds and road conditions are presented. It was established that the values of the maximum accelerations that must be worked out by the stabilization system during operation for the experimental design of the robot do not exceed 20 rad/s2. The possibility of using counterweights was considered to reduce the torque of the turret guidance drive while reducing the dimensions of the robotic system structure. The description of the experimental module equipped with a control and measurement system and the results of experimental studies on determining the power of the turret drives during the manipulation of the structure are presented. A procedure of dynamic analysis and the results of modeling the movement of the gun turret in the ANSYS software package are presented. The proposed method for designing the structure ensures the determination of the impact on the structure of the complex shape of loads caused by its manipulation, to compensate for the exciting loads when the robotic system is moved over the terrain. With the help of this method, it is possible to determine and minimize the power, and therefore the energy consumption, of azimuth and lifting electric drives at the design stage
Synthesis of nanocarbon by high-voltage breakdown of hydrocarbons
Authors: Kuskova Nataliya , Malyushevskaya Antonina , Prystash Mykola , Prystash Svitlana , Adamchuk Yury 
Published: December 2023

The object of research is the mechanisms of synthesis of nanocarbon structures in the process of electric high-voltage breakdown of hydrocarbons.
The problem to be solved is the purposeful synthesis of various types of nanocarbon with small losses of raw materials.
Mechanisms of nanocarbon formation in the process of high-voltage electric breakdown of hydrocarbons have been established. It is shown that a high-voltage breakdown leads to a cascade of chemical transformations. As a result of transformations, lower gaseous hydrocarbons are formed due to the destruction of molecules and higher ones – as a result of polymerization, and as a result of dehydrocyclization and polymerization with the participation of metal catalysts – various carbon nanostructures. The possibility of targeted synthesis of fullerene-like structures, nanotubes with diameters from 10 to 50 nm, nanofibers, and films is demonstrated. Experimental studies have confirmed that the qualitative and quantitative composition of nanocarbon can be varied in a wide range. With an increase in the number of carbon atoms or the number of C–C bonds in the raw material molecules, other things being equal, the practical yield of solid nanocarbon increases. It was determined that the synthesis of structured nanocarbon from a mixture of hydrocarbon gases, formed as a result of high-voltage breakdown of liquid hydrocarbons, actively occurs on the nickel-chromium catalytic surface. An increase in the area of the catalytic deposition surface leads to an increase in the yield of nanocarbon. The study of the ability of the obtained nanocarbon samples to absorb electromagnetic radiation confirmed the potential of the method of high-voltage breakdown of hydrocarbons for the synthesis of materials that weaken electromagnetic radiation at a frequency of 25 to 38 GHz. The greatest weakening is observed for samples consisting mainly of carbon nanotubes and nickel nanoparticles
The development of the method of evaluation of complex hierarchical systems based on improved alforitm of particle swarm
Authors: Shyshatskyi Andrii , Pluhina Tetiana , Plekhova Ganna , Binkovska Anzhela , Pronin Sergii , Stasiuk Tetiana , Nalapko Oleksii , Protas Nadiia , Pliushch Tetiana , Burlak Dmytro 
Published: December 2023

The scientific task, which is solved in the research, is to increase the efficiency of the evaluation of complex hierarchical real-time systems. Finding solutions to nonlinear optimization problems and especially global optimization problems is one of the most popular problems in computational mathematics. In applied problems, the objective function, as a rule, has a large number of variables, is not given in an analytical form and is calculated as some integral characteristic of a complex dynamic process. The development of effective methods, to a certain extent adaptive to the variability of the objective function, is especially relevant in connection with the development of computer technology and the possibility of using parallel computing systems. The conducted research was aimed at developing a method of evaluating complex hierarchical systems based on an improved particle swarm. At the same time, the object of research was complex hierarchical real-time systems. The subject of research is the functioning of real-time hierarchical systems.
The novelties of the proposed method consist in:
‒ creating a multi-level and interconnected description of complex systems of hierarchical real-time systems;
‒ increasing the efficiency of decision making while evaluating complex systems of hierarchical real-time systems;
‒ solving the problem of falling into global and local extremes while assessing the state of complex systems of hierarchical real-time systems;
‒ the possibilities of directed search by several individuals of the particles swarm in a given direction, taking into account the degree of uncertainty;
‒ the possibilities of re-analysis of the state of complex systems of hierarchical real-time systems;
‒ avoiding the problem of loops while visualizing the state of the national security system in real time.
It is advisable to implement the specified method in specialized software, which is used to analyze the state of complex systems of hierarchical real-time systems and make management decisions.
Characteristics of black liquor after alkaline delignification of paulownia wood
Authors: Denysenko Anna , Cheropkina Romaniia 
Published: December 2023

The object of research is the black liquor of the alkaline pulping sample Paulownia Clone in Vitro 112® with active alkali consumption of 14, 18 and 22 % in Na2O units from the mass of completely dry raw materials.
The problem solved in the work is related to the formation of waste in the form of black liquor during pulp production. It is noted that as a result of the production of 1 ton of cellulose, up to 7 tons of black liquor is formed.
In the course of the work, an analysis of the total titrated and active alkalinity in the white and black liquor after cooking paulownia wood was carried out, and the pH value was determined. The dependence of the content of dry substances in black liquor on the consumption of active alkali, the duration of cooking, the presence of a catalyst, and the final temperature of the delignification process is given. The amount of organic and mineral components of dry substances of black liquor per 1 ton of air-dry fibrous semi-finished products was calculated.
It was established that with an increase in temperature by 20 °C (from 150 to 170 °C) and a duration of approximately 1.5 times (from 60 to 90 min and from 90 to 150 min), with the same consumption of active alkali and the use of a catalyst in the conditions after sodium pulping, the content of dry substances in the black liquor increases by 1.5–3 %. This regularity is explained by the transition into the solution of a greater number of dissolution products of lignin, hemicelluloses, and mineral substances.
Estimated values for the content of mineral and organic substances in black liquor after cooking paulownia wood for a duration of 150 min and a final temperature of 170 °C at different consumptions of active alkali and the use of catalysts in the form of anthraquinone and ethyl alcohol are within the range of 1024-1518 kg per 1 ton dry pulps of normal yield and can be used in practice. The obtained results can be used to form an assessment of the black liquor as an additional resource potential for the economy of production.
A PRESENTATION FOR A SUBMONOID OF THE SYMMETRIC INVERSE MONOID
Authors: Sareeto Apatsara , Koppitz Jörg 
Published: December 2023

In the present paper, we study a submonoid of the symmetric inverse semigroup \(I_n\). Specifically, we consider the monoid of all order-, fence-, and parity-preserving transformations of \(I_n\). While the rank and a set of generators of minimal size for this monoid are already known, we will provide a presentation for this monoid.
THERMOCATALYTIC DESTRUCTION OF HEAVY PETROLEUM FOODS IN THE PRESENCE OF A METAL COMPLEX CATALYST
Authors: Sakhibgareev Samat R. , Badikova Albina D. , Tsadkin Mikhail A. , Borisov Ivan M. , Sultanova Margarita R. , Kravchenko Krestina D. 
Published: December 2023

The oil and gas refining industry in Russia and other countries is faced with the challenge of searching for new highly active catalytic systems and innovative methods for processing various types of petroleum feedstocks, including heavy petroleum feedstocks. One of the main tasks of this industry is to increase the depth of processing of petroleum raw materials to obtain more valuable petrochemical products.The purpose of the work is to study the dependence of the thermal destruction of heavy petroleum feedstock – heavy vacuum gas oil from the AVT-5 unit of PJSC «Bashneft-Novoil» in the presence of a new metal-complex catalytic system, where the active component is a chlorferrate complex (NaFeCl4) in an amount of 10 %, deposited on a carrier representing is a deeply decationized Ymmm zeolite of the acidic form (H-form), when varying process conditions, temperature in the range from 450 to 550 °C and volumetric feed rate of raw materials – 1,75–2,50 h-1. The physicochemical characteristics of the metal complex catalyst – 10 % NaFeCl4 / HYmmm zeolite were studied: characteristics of the porous structure, study of the phase composition, study of the morphology of the surfaces of catalytic systems.During experimental studies, it was established that the 10 % NaFeCl4/HYmmm zeolite catalytic system has a highly developed surface with a pore distribution of micro-, meso- and macropore sizes (total pore volume ~ 0,64 cm3/g); preserves the degree of crystallinity of the lattices relative to the original support Ymmm. It has been established that thermocatalytic destruction of heavy vacuum gas oil in the presence of a metal complex catalyst leads to its deep and selective conversion. The data obtained indicate that in the studied modes of the thermal destruction process, it is possible to achieve the formation of unsaturated olefinic hydrocarbons of the composition C2-C4 ~ 20 % wt., gasoline fraction ~ 45 % wt., total light ~ 68 % wt.
Escola do Campo e Sustentabilidade no Assentamento Geraldo Garcia: o Papel da Disciplina de Agroecologia na E.M Darcy Ribeiro para à Práxis da Conscientização Socioambiental
Authors: Silva Natanael Martins da , Camacho Rodrigo Simão , Silva César Martins da 
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo buscou refletir sobre o papel da escola, EM Darcy Ribeiro, que, por meio da disciplina de agroecologia, vem incentivando projetos de produção sustentável no Assentamento Geraldo Garcia no município de Sidrolândia – MS em contraposição aos avanços da monocultura do agronegócio. Demonstramos, também, que desde que a monocultura se implantou, o território do assentamento sofreu perdas nos biomas naturais, tendo sua biodiversidade do cerrado quase extinta. Compreendemos que a escola é parte fundamental nesse processo de mudança, de maneira a conscientizar a comunidade acerca da importância da recuperação e conservação dos recursos naturais para o equilíbrio do ecossistema. Na disciplina de agroecologia a escola do campo tem trabalhado com ações, como a prática de reflorestamento de pequenas áreas e dos quintais ecológicos para a conservação e atração de espécies vegetais e animais para o ecossistema desse território. Também, é necessário pensar o uso dos recursos naturais pelas famílias como fonte de alimentos e de renda. Por outro lado, também, faz-se necessário a reflexão acerca do uso indiscriminado de produtos químicos como a principal causa dos impactos ambientais no território. A metodologia do trabalho se deu por meio de discussão teórica, pesquisa de campo e observação-participante na escola e no assentamento, registros fotográficos e diálogos com os profissionais da educação da escola e da comunidade escolar envolvida.
Меры по поддержке рабочих мест в период коронакризиса: Россия versus страны ОЭСР
Authors: Лукьянова Анна 
Published: December 2023

В статье анализируются меры по сохранению рабочих мест, реализованные в России в ответ на кризис COVID‑19. Они сравниваются с программами, принятыми в других странах, прежде всего, в странах ОЭСР. Программы по сохранению рабочих мест позволяют работодателям получить финансовую поддержку для выплат заработной платы. Правительства идут на такой шаг, чтобы поддержать доходы населения и дать возможность работодателям сохранить рабочие места, которые в противном случае могли быть ликвидированы во время пандемии. Основное внимание уделяется качественному анализу дизайна программ: описываются первоначальные характеристики и корректировки, внесенные в ходе кризиса. Обсуждаются критерии доступа, уровень поддержки работников и работодателей, общие расходы на программы и потенциальные риски, связанные с их реализацией. Российские мероприятия имели специфический формат субсидирования заработных плат: средства для сохранения рабочих мест предоставлялись в форме кредитов, которые были списаны подавляющему большинству заемщиков в конце срока действия программы. Охват ограничен узким кругом наиболее пострадавших отраслей, тогда как ограничения распространялись на предприятия практически всех отраслей. Размер кредита не был привязан к сокращению выручки или рабочего времени, как это делалось в других странах, где поддержка рабочих мест осуществлялась в форме субсидирования заработных плат. Меры были приняты с опозданием и не позволяли задним числом компенсировать потери, понесенные в самой острой, начальной фазе кризиса. По финансовой жесткости российские программы имеют больше сходства со схемами, реализованными в развивающихся странах с серьезными фискальными проблемами. Максимальная сумма поддержки была установлена на низком уровне и не обеспечивала социальных гарантий для работников. Результаты анализа показывают, что недостатки в дизайне программ могли подорвать их эффективность. При этом фиксируется интенсивное институциальное обучение в процессе выработки окончательного дизайна, о чем свидетельствует разворот в сторону безвозмездности и усиление роли ФНС как оператора программ.
How Injection History Can Affect Hydraulic Fracturing–Induced Seismicity: Insights from Downhole Monitoring at Preston New Road, United Kingdom
Authors: Minetto Riccardo , Helmstetter Agnès , Edwards Benjamin , Guéguen Philippe 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
In August 2019, a multistage hydraulic fracturing (HF) operation was carried out at Preston New Road, United Kingdom. HF caused abundant seismic activity that culminated with an ML 2.9 event. The seismic activity was recorded by a downhole array of 12 sensors located in a nearby monitoring well. About 55,556 events were detected and located in real time during the operation by a service company. In this study, we first improve the number of detections by applying template matching and later calculate the moment magnitude of the associated earthquakes. Then we show that by separately analyzing the periods during and immediately after injection, distinct patterns can be identified. We observe an increase in the delay and decrease in amplitude of peak seismicity during subsequent phases of injection. After injection, the seismicity decay can be described by the Omori–Utsu law. The decay rate tends to slow with each successive injection, in particular during the later injection stages. In addition, the frequency–magnitude distribution evolves from a tapered distribution (lack of large events) to a bilinear distribution (excess of large events). This evolution is gradual, with the corner magnitude increasing with each injection. We interpret these patterns as the result of the combined effect of two factors: (1) the stimulated volume becoming increasingly aseismic and (2) the gradual increase in its size, which increases the probability of triggered events on preexisting faults. More generally, these patterns suggest that seismic activity during injection is strongly influenced by the injection history and is modulated by local conditions such as stress state, fault structure, and permeability.
Combined Heart Injuries on the Data of Contrast-Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Post-Covid Syndrome
Authors: Khokhlov R. A. , Lipovka S. N. , Dubrovina M. V. , Lobas I. A. , Tribuntseva L. V. , Prozorova G. G. , Arzamasceva G. I. , Khokhlov L. R. , Yarmonova M. V. , Zarechnova S. V. , Kuleshova N. A. , Shaley A. A. 
Published: December 2023

Aim Prospective assessment of the nature of cardiac injury in patients with post-COVID syndrome according to contrast-enhanced MRI in routine clinical practice.Material and methods 106 previously unvaccinated patients were evaluated. 62 (58.5%) of them were women with complaints that persisted after COVID-19 (median age, 57.5 [49; 64] years). In addition to standard indexes, markers of inflammation and myocardial injury were determined, and cardiac contrast-enhanced MRI was performed in each patient.Results The median time from the onset of COVID-19 to cardiac MRI was 112.5 [75; 151] days. The nature of cardiac injury according to MRI in patients with post-COVID syndrome was complex and included a decrease in left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular ejection fraction, pericardial effusion, and pathological foci of late and early contrast enhancement at various locations. In 29 (27.4%) cases, there was a combination of any two signs of heart injury. In 28 (26.4%) patients with focal myocardial injury during the acute phase of COVID-19, hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab were administered significantly more frequently, but antiviral drugs were administered less frequently. The presence of focal myocardial injury was associated with pathological LV remodeling.Conclusion According to contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI, at least 27.4% of patients with post-COVID syndrome may have signs of cardiac injury in various combinations, and in 26.4% of cases, foci of myocardial injury accompanied by LV remodeling are detected. The nature of heart injury after COVID-19 depends on the premorbid background, characteristics of the course of the infectious process, and the type of prescribed therapy. An algorithm for evaluating patients with post-COVID syndrome is proposed.
Factors That Predict Early Return to Work After Myocardial Infarction: Importance of Coworker Support
Authors: Chinichian Mahdi , Mehrdad Ramin , Moradi Mahboobeh , Pouryaghoub Gholamreza , Davarpasand Tahereh , Kassiri Negin 
Published: December 2023

Aim Myocardial infarction (MI) affects the working-age group and cause many absences and lost days of work. Some occupational factors effect in the prognosis of MI patients. The objective of this study was to determine predictors of early, late and no return to work (RTW) after MI.Material and methods In this cohort study, 240 pre-employed, male patients with MI from April 2020 through February 2022 provided data about their demographic, occupational, psychosocial, and medical information. Data was also collected about the treatment they received as patients, their feelings about socioeconomic support, and RTW time. RTW within two weeks after MI was defined as early RTW. The relationships of these variables and with early RTW and with late or no RTW were analyzed.Results Ninety-four patients (39.6 %) returned to work within two weeks after MI, whereas 207 patients (87.3 %) returned to work by the end of six months. Many variables, including coworker support, were associated with early RTW in a univariate analysis. Regression analysis revealed that age, coworker support, marital status, the patient’s own estimated RTW time, the number of the vessels with occlusion, and comorbidity were predictors of early RTW. Of these factors, only coworker support would be subject to modification.Conclusions This study indicates that improving support from coworkers can increase early RTW after MI.