bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Legacy of Joan W. Moore
Authors: Vigil James Diego 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Joan W. Moore was trained and tutored at the University of Chicago in the late 1940s to emphasize one thing: community studies, or people and places. Social science does not make sense if the places where people live and work and the environment in which they struggle is ignored. With the guidance and assistance of members of the Chicano community, she embarked on the greatest work of her career: community studies in which male and female gang members work with her side by side. Several major books and numerous scholarly articles resulted from these efforts. The first, Homeboys (1978), and later, Going Down to the Barrio (1991), triggered a slew of research from younger scholars, resulting in a spate of multifaceted studies. A community focus with a collaborative research strategy helped sharpen the focus on why we have gangs: limited mobility, no jobs, and absent maturation paths for youth..
The Legacy of James Diego Vigil
Authors: Tapia Mike , Moreno E. Mark 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The dean of Chicana/o gang studies, James Diego Vigil, pioneered a long-running era of such research starting in the late 1970s. The Los Angeles barrio gang milieu of his youth and subsequent Chicana/o activist experiences became the foundation for the intellectual frameworks he would later develop as a scholar. This chapter examines select aspects of Diego’s life and work in relation to the historiography and current state of this genre of gang research. Diego is known for delineating the macro-level forces, local community processes, and individual psychodynamics that produce barrio gangs. These themes are presented in the context of the vast scholarship comprising Chicana/o gang studies that developed over several decades since the days of Diego’s own social protest arrests by the LAPD in the 1970s. His ostracism from public education helped to form his unique academic trajectory and legacy heretofore unmatched by any protégé.
Policing Gangs
Authors: Novich Madeleine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The murder of George Floyd by a Minneapolis police officer sparked calls to defund the police. Reducing the police footprint raises questions about how best to respond to gang crime and community violence. This chapter analyzes traditional policing strategies, including intelligence, enforcement/suppression, investigations, and prevention, drawing attention to five ways they fail at mitigating gang violence and reducing gang membership. Most notably, the mechanics of traditional policing, marked by aggression, violence, and disrespect, are viewed extremely negatively by gangs and community members, undermining intelligence-gathering capabilities and citizen–police collaborations, and while seemingly effective at crime reduction, may contribute to an increased risk of gang membership and continued gang involvement. Overall, this chapter argues that traditional gang policing, while necessary and understandable in some respects, is not the answer. Reallocating resources to school and community-based programming may be more impactful in reducing gang membership and violence.
Defund the Police?
Authors: Braga Anthony A. , MacDonald John M. , Tita George 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In 2020 homicide rates rose by 30%, the single highest increase in homicide in the past six decades. At the same time, racial justice protests spawned a new movement calling to “defund the police.” There are no systematic studies of the impact of the “defund the police” movement on the rise in serious urban violence. However, research supports the position that homicide increases when police departments withdraw from proactive crime control activities, and that when a small population of very risky individuals is not appropriately managed by the police and their partners, rapid and steep increases in fatal and non-fatal shootings can result as cycles of retaliatory violence spin out of control. Small decreases in the policing of high-risk offending groups may quickly lead to shooting surges. This chapter considers how the current climate could undermine focused deterrence, an evidence-based gang violence reduction strategy, and produce unintended harms to disadvantaged neighborhoods suffering the brunt of the recent increase in gun violence.
No Public Benefit
Authors: Garcia-Leys Sean , Engel Jesse 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Since the first “gang injunction,” a civil suit against a gang as an organization separate from its members, gang injunctions have become a widely used tool of law enforcement throughout California and elsewhere. While gang injunctions began as a targeted law enforcement strategy, many people in communities with gang injunctions have come to believe gang injunctions are ineffective and have criticized them as having become tools of gentrification instead of public safety. They claim gang injunctions are little more than modernized Jim Crow. In 2015, residents of a targeted community, activists, and public interest attorneys thwarted an attempt by the Orange County District Attorney to enjoin two gangs in the City of Placentia. That campaign was a model of collaboration between stakeholders and change agents who are usually siloed from each other, and a model for involving impacted people in affecting gang suppression policy. This chapter presents a narrative account of that campaign and lessons learned.
Clinical Intervention for Gang-Involved Youth
Authors: Boxer Paul , Kubik Joanna , Marcello Stephanie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A large literature documenting risk factors for youth aggression, antisocial behavior, and other conduct problems has translated into a large literature outlining best-practice approaches for treating those behaviors. Yet despite general similarities in risk profiles between youth who are gang involved and those who are not, there is presently no empirically validated intervention model for helping gang-involved youth. The chapter discusses the foundations of intervention for youth aggression and related problem behaviors, along with initial efforts to extend evidence-based treatment models to gang-involved youth. It then reviews insights from developmental studies of gang-affiliated youth and young adults and connect these ideas to the intervention literature to offer a model for an effective treatment strategy for gang youth.
Unexpected side reactions dominate the oxidative transformation of aromatic amines in the Co(II)/peracetic acid system
Authors: Wu Jing-Hang , Yang Tian-Hao , Chen Fei , Yu Han-Qing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aromatic amines (AAs), ubiquitous in industrial applications, pose significant environmental hazards due to their resistance to conventional wastewater treatments. Peracetic acid (PAA)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been proposed as effective strategies for addressing persistent AA contaminants. While the organic radicals generated in these systems are believed to be selective and highly oxidative, acetate residue complicates the evaluation of AA removal efficiency. In this work, we explored transformation pathways of AAs in a representative Co(II)-catalyzed PAA system, revealing five side reactions (i.e. nitrosation, nitration, coupling, dimerization, and acetylation) that yield 17 predominantly stable and toxic by-products. The dominant reactive species was demonstrated as Co–OOC(O)CH3, which hardly facilitated ring-opening reactions. Our findings highlight the potential risks associated with PAA-based AOPs for AA degradation and provide insights into selecting suitable catalytic systems aimed at efficient and by-product-free degradation of pollutants containing aromatic –NH2.
Ability of a 24-h ambulatory cuffless blood pressure monitoring device to track blood pressure changes in clinical practice
Authors: Derendinger Felicia C. , Vischer Annina S. , Krisai Philipp , Socrates Thenral , Schumacher Christina , Mayr Michael , Burkard Thilo 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
There is an increasing number of cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement (BPM) devices. Despite promising results when comparing single measurements, the ability of these devices to track changes in BP levels over 24 h related to an initial calibration BP (CalibBP) is unknown. Our aim was to analyse this ability in a cuffless device using pulse transit time.

Methods:
We prospectively enrolled 166 participants for simultaneously performed cuffless (Somnotouch-NIBP) and cuff-based (Spacelabs 90217A/IEM Mobil-O-graph) 24 h BPM. As CalibBP for the cuffless device, first cuff-based BP was used. As surrogate for changes in BP levels after the CalibBP, we used the difference between the CalibBP and mean 24 h, awake and asleep BP measured by the two devices. In addition, we analysed the relationship between the difference of the CalibBP and the cuff-based BPM versus the difference between the cuff-based and the cuffless BPM devices.

Results:
Mean(SD) difference between the CalibBP and mean 24hBP by the cuff-based or cuffless BP device were 7.4 (13.2) versus 1.8 (8.3) mmHg for systolic (P < 0.0001) and 6.6 (6.8) versus 1.6 (5.8) mmHg for diastolic (P < 0.0001). A near linear relationship was seen among the difference between the CalibBP and the cuff-based BPM values and the difference between the cuff-based and cuffless BPM device.

Conclusion:
Our data indicate a lower ability of the cuffless BPM device to track changes of BP levels after CalibBP. In addition, cuffless device accuracy was associated with the changes in BP levels after the initial CalibBP – the larger the BP level change, the larger the difference between the devices.

Registration:

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03054688; NCT03975582
Engineered minimal type I CRISPR-Cas system for transcriptional activation and base editing in human cells
Authors: Guo Jing , Gong Luyao , Yu Haiying , Li Ming , Liu Zhenquan , Fan Shuru , Yang Changjialian , Zhao Dahe , Han Jing , Xiang Hua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractType I CRISPR-Cas systems are widespread and have exhibited remarkable versatility and efficiency in genome editing and gene regulation in prokaryotes. However, due to the multi-subunit composition and large size, their application in eukaryotes has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we demonstrate that the type I-F2 Cascade, the most compact among type I systems and significantly smaller than SpCas9, can be developed into programmable tools for use in human cells. For transcriptional activation, the efficiency of the tool based on the engineered I-F2 system can match or surpass that of dCas9. Besides, narrow editing windows limit the application of base editors. Although the R-loop formed by Cascade is much wider than that by Cas9 or Cas12, the potential of base editing with Cascade has not yet been explored. We successfully created a base editor with the I-F2 Cascade, which induces a considerably wide editing window (∼30 nt) with a bimodal distribution. The wide editing window can expand the range of targetable sites and can be useful for disrupting functional sequences and genetic screening. The editing efficiency can achieve 50% in human cells. This research underscores the application potential of compact type I systems in eukaryotes and developed a new base editor with an extraordinary wide editing window.
Rapid proteome-wide prediction of lipid-interacting proteins through ligand-guided structural genomics
Authors: Chou Jonathan Chiu-Chun , Decosto Cassandra M. , Chatterjee Poulami , Dassama Laura M. K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLipids are primary metabolites that play essential roles in multiple cellular pathways. Alterations in lipid metabolism and transport are associated with infectious diseases and cancers. As such, proteins involved in lipid synthesis, trafficking, and modification, are targets for therapeutic intervention. The ability to rapidly detect these proteins can accelerate their biochemical and structural characterization. However, it remains challenging to identify lipid binding motifs in proteins due to a lack of conservation at the amino acids level. Therefore, new bioinformatic tools that can detect conserved features in lipid binding sites are necessary. Here, we presentStructure-basedLipid-interactingPocketPredictor (SLiPP), a structural bioinformatics algorithm that uses machine learning to detect protein cavities capable of binding to lipids in experimental and AlphaFold-predicted protein structures. SLiPP, which can be used at proteome-wide scales, predicts lipid binding pockets with an accuracy of 96.8% and a F1 score of 86.9%. Our analyses revealed that the algorithm relies on hydrophobicity-related features to distinguish lipid binding pockets from those that bind to other ligands. Use of the algorithm to detect lipid binding proteins in the proteomes of various bacteria, yeast, and human have produced hits annotated or verified as lipid binding proteins, and many other uncharacterized proteins whose functions are not discernable from sequence alone. Because of its ability to identify novel lipid binding proteins, SLiPP can spur the discovery of new lipid metabolic and trafficking pathways that can be targeted for therapeutic development.
Using split protein reassembly strategy to control PLD enzymatic activity
Authors: Yao Yuanfa , Hu Changyi , Jianxu Li , Lou Xiayan , Chen Gaojun , Qian Xiaohan , He Lian , Li Xuesong , Zhang Peng , Xu Yingke , Li Hanbing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhospholipase D (PLD) and phosphatidic acid (PA) play a spatio-temporal role in regulating diverse cellular activities. Although current methodologies enable optical control of the subcellular localization of PLD and by which influence local PLD enzyme activity, the overexpression of PLD elevates the basal PLD enzyme activity and further leads to increased PA levels in cells. In this study, we employed a split protein reassembly strategy and optogenetic techniques to modify superPLD (developed by Jeremy Baskin group). We splited this variants into two HKD domains and fused these domains with optogenetic and chemogenetic elements and by which we achieved control of the two HKD interaction and then restored the PLD enzymatic activity.
Mathematical modeling suggests improved clinical outcomes of second-generation PARP inhibitors with reduced toxicity
Authors: Kozłowska Emilia , Haltia Ulla-Maija , Puszynski Krzysztof , Färkkilä Anniina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers. Recent clinical trials have shown the remarkable benefits of maintenance treatment with Poly-ADP Ribose Polymerase inhibitors, particularly in patients with tumors deficient in homologous recombination DNA repair. However, the large Phase III clinical trials are limited in their ability to evaluate various dosages and treatment durations, and the effects of toxicities and treatment interruptions on clinical outcomes remain unknown. In this study, we developed a computational framework for virtual clinical trials taking into account both tumor dynamics (growth selection and evolution of resistance mechanisms) and clinico-pharmacological features (pharmacokinetics, dosing, hematological toxicity, dose interruptions, and reductions). Our model replicates the clinical outcomes observed in the landmark SOLO-1 clinical trial. The branching process model revealed a heterogeneous patient population with distinct tumor dynamics, highlighting fitness and selection pressure as determinants of a poor response. Through a virtual trial approach, we show that managing toxicity via treatment interruptions or dose reductions does not compromise the clinical benefits of the treatment. Importantly, we present evidence that further reduction of hematological toxicity could significantly improve clinical outcomes in first-line PARPi maintenance treatment in ovarian cancer.SignificancePhase III clinical trials are limited in their capacity to investigate different dosing schedules, and the number of participants is relatively small. Furthermore, the effects of toxicities on trial outcomes are frequently unknown. Virtual clinical trials using a mechanistic mathematical model combined with statistical evaluations can overcome these limitations. In this work, we demonstrate the application of a computational framework for optimizing drug scheduling and testing of the next generation of PARP inhibitors, providing insights to guide future clinical trial design.
Blood Pressure Variability and Autonomic Response to an Acute Bout of High Intensity Interval Exercise in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Waghmare Saniya , Whitaker-Hilbig Alicen A. , Chertoff Mark , Billinger Sandra A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAutonomic nervous system (ANS) activity causes acute variations in the blood pressure. Blood pressure responds to high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) repeatedly during alternating intensities, however, ANS response to the changing intensities of HIIE is unknown. We characterized the response of beat-to-beat blood pressure variability (BTB BPV) to an acute bout of HIIE using coefficient of variation (CoV) and spectral low frequency [LF], and high frequency [HF] domains. Our hypotheses were mean arterial pressure BTB BPV, would increase during 1) high intensity and 2) active recovery of HIIE compared to baseline (BL). BTB BPV would reduce during 1) cool down 2) post HIIE 3) 30 minutes post HIIE compared to BL in young adults. HIIE included bouts of 1-minute high-intensity separated by 1-minute recovery (□70% and 10% estimated Wattmax) for total of 10 minutes on a recumbent stepper. A secondary analysis was performed using twenty-one datasets of young individuals (age 25±1.5, 48% female). During high intensity, LF and HF increased compared to BL (p < 0.05) indicating increased sympathetic activity and breathing. During active recovery, LF and HF remained elevated above BL and were greater than during high intensity (p ≤ 0.02). Sympathetic activity reduced back to BL immediately post HIIE but returned to being higher than BL at 30 minutes after HIIE (p=0.001). BTB BPV CoV also increased during HIIE compared to BL (p<0.05). Results suggest that young healthy individuals have increased BTB BPV during HIIE suggesting cardiovascular system responds to ANS fluctuations during changing exercise intensity.New and NoteworthyThis novel study analyzed beat -to-beat blood pressure variability during high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in young healthy adults. We found that blood pressure variability was highest during active recovery compared to resting or high intensity exercise. Moreover, variability increased during HIIE but returned to resting post-exercise. These findings provide valuable insights into the blood pressure and ANS responses to HIIE, contributing to our understanding of their impact on overall cardiovascular health in young adults.
Capital adequacy, competition and liquidity creation of banks; evidence from Kenya
Authors: Kinini Dennis Muchuki , Kariuki Peter Wang’ombe , Ocharo Kennedy Nyabuto 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe study seeks to evaluate the effect of capital adequacy and competition on the liquidity creation of Kenyan commercial banks.Design/methodology/approachUnbalanced panel data from 36 Kenyan commercial banks with licenses from 2001 to 2020 is used in the study. The generalized method of moments (GMM), a two-step system, is employed in the investigation. To increase the robustness and prevent erroneous findings, serial correlation tests and instrumental validity analyses are used. The methodology developed by Berger and Bouwman (2009) is used to estimate the commercial banks' levels of liquidity creation.FindingsThe study supports the financial fragility-crowding out hypothesis by finding a significant negative effect of capital adequacy on the liquidity creation of commercial banks. The research also identifies a significant inverse relationship between competition and liquidity creation, depicting competition's value-destroying effect.Practical implicationsA trade-off exists between capital adequacy and liquidity creation, which must be carefully evaluated as changes in capital requirements are considered. The value-destroying effect of competition on liquidity creation presents a case for policy geared toward consolidating banks' operations through possible mergers and acquisitions.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to empirically offer evidence concurrently on the effect of competition and capital adequacy on the liquidity creation of commercial banks in a developing economy such as Kenya. Additionally, the authors employ a novel measure of competition at the firm level.
Technology acceptance determinants and consumer innovativeness influence on ASNAFS’ acceptance towards the use of e-wallet
Authors: Shaikh Imran Mehboob , Amin Hanudin 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the determinants that influence acceptance towards e-wallet apps by extending the technology acceptance model (TAM) among (asnaf), a term used for charity or gift receivers from alms tax distribution institutions also known as donee.

Design/methodology/approach
The review of literature and structural equation modelling approach using judgemental sampling on extended TAM and determinants of e-wallet apps’ acceptance related to asnaf (donee) were conducted in a bid to contribute to the factors that are instrumental in determining acceptance of e-wallet services among asnaf.

Findings
The findings indicate that the e-wallet app’s service acceptance is determined not only by perceived usefulness, consumer maqasid index and consumer innovativeness but also by subjective norms. On the contrary, consumer maqasid index and perceived ease of use do not lend themselves to be the factor of asnafs’ e-wallet acceptance. The authors extend the TAM model to determine the factors that may be influential in predicting the e-wallet app acceptance by asnaf.

Research limitations/implications
In assessing future outcomes when different sampling techniques are opted for and geographic coverage is expanded, this study should be considered in terms of the limited scope.

Practical implications
This study is intended to serve as a reference for making a significant contribution related to user acceptance factors related to alms tax-based e-wallet apps in asnafs’ context in Malaysia in terms of both theory and practice.

Originality/value
TAM is extended in the context of e-wallet app acceptance among asnafs’. A variable, namely, consumer innovativeness, is tested using the extended TAM model. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, consumer innovativeness in the context of asnafs’ acceptance of e-wallet apps is yet to be tested. Therefore, this paper will be a useful reference for policymakers, technologists, academicians and future researchers.