bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework for the utilization of information technology in higher education admission department
Authors: McClea Michael , Yen David C. 
Published: March 2005

PurposeThrough an examination of the admission department at Miami University of Ohio and their use of information technology, a generalized framework for the use of information technology in university admissions is proposed.Design/methodology/approachThe paper was developed to start an introduction to the admission process and the role of information technology in the process. The basis for the case study was then developed by introducing Miami University and the background of its admission department regarding the implementation of information technology at the University. In addition, the information system development and evolution were examined, displayed, and evaluated while also analyzing the specific parts of the system, allowing for the basis of a proposed framework. Finally, the proposed general framework for the use of information technology in the higher education admission process was analyzed and constructed.FindingsIt was found that provision of a system that offers the department the best opportunity for success in communicating with prospects, applicants, acceptances, and confirmations is necessary.Research limitations/implicationsStatistical analysis and models, marketing concepts, and numerous other techniques may be added to this framework to enhance the entire system.Practical implicationsThe framework sets the stage and proffers a basic structure that is capable of adapting to the specific environs of each unique admission department while continuously providing enhanced information. The ideal goal is to improve the strategies and goals of the university while simultaneously improving the processes within the admission department. To obtain even a slight improvement should justify the implementation of this framework but, utilized correctly and with effective support, this system should offer endless opportunities.Originality/valueThrough a case study of the admission department at Miami University, a framework for utilizing information technology within a higher education admission department offers an examination of the application of information technology to generate improved quality.
A comparison of local management of regeneration in England and Greece
Authors: Chondroleou Georgia , Elcock Howard , Liddle Joyce , Oikonomopoulos Ioannis 
Published: March 2005

PurposeExplores comparisons between the English and Greek local government systems, in the hope of offering some fresh insights into the regeneration and management of local areas.Design/methodology/approachDiscusses the issue of local political leadership at a time when changes in local political management arrangements are taking place in many European countries.FindingsThe English and Greek experiments with developing local self‐government provide some reassurance and some causes for concern but, above all, they demonstrate that in, unitary states, Ministers and Civil Servants at the centre find withdrawing from interference in local affairs a very hard exercise in self‐denial.Originality/valueIllustrates the problems facing two centralised countries struggling with varying but limited success to cope with various public management issues raised by local devolution and decentralisation.
Reflecting on the processes of a local evaluation
Authors: Diamond John 
Published: March 2005

PurposeSeeks to draw together a number of separate but, arguably, inter‐related themes which are present for those involved in “sense making” within and across public and third sector agencies or organisations.Design/methodology/approachUses a case study approach of one community‐based network in South London to explore the ways in which action learning can facilitate self‐reflection and open up the processes of partnership to a wider audience.FindingsThe particular challenge for any evaluator is to identify the ways in which definitions and meanings are shared or contested by participants. These can be “heard” through the different narratives which are constructed by those engaged in the evaluation process.Originality/valueAttempts to identify what the critical questions were for those involved and provides a commentary on the experience.
Pilot project results of an integrated security management system
Authors: Milliman John , Grosskopf John , Paez Ozzie , Ayen William 
Published: March 2005

PurposeAims to report the key results and learnings of a pilot test of an ISO‐based integrated management systems approach to security, environmental, health, and safely (SEH&S) at one industry site in the USA.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the rationale for and brief overview of a five‐step integrated SEH&S management systems approach is presented. Second, a descriptive reporting of the process, results, and implications of the initial steps of the integrated SEH&S approach at a water and sanitation district in the USA is provided.FindingsProvides a description of the process of how an integrated SEH&S approach is implemented and reports results such as the following. First, the major vulnerabilities and risks associated with the water district's major infrastructure assets are assessed. Second, the various risks are evaluated, prioritized, and ranked in terms of their security and environmental, health and safety (EH&S) aspects. Third, recommendations are offered to mitigate major vulnerabilities. Finally, an overall assessment of the applicability of the integrated SEH&S approach to security and risk management is presented.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted in one organization and involved only the first portion of the proposed integrated SEH&S management system approach.Originality/valueThis manuscript should inform executives and managers of the SEH&S functions concerning how their organizations can use the newly proposed integrated approach to address both security and overall organizational risks in a more comprehensive and cost‐effective manner.
“Gripped by fear”
Authors: Coppola Damon P. 
Published: March 2005

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the roots of public fear and often‐distorted reality of risk, and proposes methods by which emergency management agencies can successfully manage fear, should a terror‐based event occur within their jurisdiction.Design/methodology/approachThe October 2002 sniper crisis in Washington, DC is used to identify the processes by which public fear is generated, maintained, and managed.FindingsIn the USA's post‐9/11 era of terror‐awareness, extreme actions of groups like Al Qaeda are no longer necessary to spark detrimental anxiety‐based social reactions. The two snipers who placed the nation's capital under siege for three weeks with one rifle and a box of bullets confirmed this fact. Washington, DC's duct tape and plastic panic buying spree, spurred by a Terrorism Threat Index increase, illustrated how the mere hint of a future event can induce irrational behavior.Practical implicationsClearly, the emergency management community can no longer simply blame the media for such strong public sentiment. Controlling public fear is a public safety responsibility but fear management must be supported by the Federal government to be effective. There exists a rapidly‐growing need for agencies to adopt formal fear management capabilities staffed by appropriately‐trained, dedicated officials. In many cases of terrorism, fear is the greatest emergency that must be managed, and irresponsible or inadequate attempts to do so can actually increase public risk. This paper proposes methods by which emergency management agencies can successfully manage fear, should a terror‐based event occur within their jurisdiction.Originality/valueThis paper will assist emergency managers, administrators at the city, county, and national levels, and others involved in planning for the management of fear during emergencies that can occur in the aftermath of terror‐based events.
A novel approach for regenerating a private key using password, fingerprint and smart card
Authors: Ahmed Fawad , Siyal M.Y. 
Published: March 2005

PurposeTo devise a biometric‐based mechanism for enhancing security of private keys used in cryptographic applications.Design/methodology/approachTo enhance security of a private key, we propose a scheme that regenerates a user's private key by taking a genuine user's password, fingerprint and a valid smart card. Our scheme uses features extracted from fingerprint along with public key cryptography, cryptographic hash functions and Shamir secret sharing scheme in a novel way to achieve our desired objectives.FindingsDespite changes in the fingerprint pattern each time it is presented, our scheme is sufficiently robust to regenerate a constant private key. As compared to conventional methods of storing a private key merely by password‐based encryption, our scheme offers more security as it requires a genuine user's password, fingerprint and a valid smart card. Key lengths up to 1024‐bit or even higher can be regenerated making the scheme compatible with the current security requirements of public key cryptosystems.Research limitations/implicationsMinutia points used for image alignment can be incorporated in the key regeneration algorithm for stronger user authentication. In this case, some alternative technique will be required for image alignment.Practical implicationsThe robustness of our scheme depicts its use in practical systems where there are variations in fingerprint patterns because of sensor noise and alignment issues.Originality/valueIn this paper, we have demonstrated a novel idea of regenerating the private key of a user by using fingerprint, password and a smart card. The basic aim is to provide more security to key storage as compared to traditional methods that uses password‐based encryption for secure storage of private keys.
Higher education leadership roles in knowledge processing
Authors: Martin Jeffery S. , Marion Russell 
Published: March 2005

PurposeTo examine the critical roles of leadership in higher education and to define how such roles enable an environment that embraces the demands of a knowledge‐based organization.Design/methodology/approachThrough interviews with executive leadership in several higher education institutions, the ontology of knowledge management was established and the methods by which knowledge gaps were resolved were explored. The question of how leadership behaviors, policies, and programs enable or inhibit knowledge‐processing activities was analyzed.FindingsLeadership influence in six key areas emerged as significant in the study: environment manager, network manager, policy manager, crisis manager, knowledge gap manager, and future leader preparation. The authors confirmed that the leader has tremendous control over the knowledge‐processing environment and the role of leadership has broader influence than the resolution of knowledge gaps.Originality/valueBy understanding leadership roles in knowledge management, organizations and their leaders can enhance the learning capacity of the organization.
Know ways in knowledge management
Authors: Blackman Deborah A. , Henderson Steven 
Published: March 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is partly to complete Earl's framework, but more importantly to seek out the limits of what can be known and what cannot be known by each of the schools in his taxonomy, by addressing the absent epistemological foundation of what is being managed in his seven schools of knowledge management.Design/methodology/approachFor each of the seven schools, the paper explores three related issues: the role of knowledge management systems in mediating between individual knowers and the community that needs to know; the context of Earl's knowledge management schools in terms of their focus on process and problems; and the consequences of the processes for identifying and validating knowledge.FindingsEarl's framework survives this examination of its knowledge basis, suggesting that it is more robust, and captures more differences, than originally claimed. However, revelations about what can and cannot be known in each school suggest that knowledge management cannot be “done” until users and designers have greater sensitivity to the epistemological plasticity of what they purport to manage.Originality/valueThe paper's value lies in the re‐direction of knowledge management it suggests – a re‐direction away from technical solutions and towards examination of the epistemological and philosophical problems which are the chief reason for the continuing disappointment with knowledge management in many quarters.
Doing knowledge management
Authors: Firestone Joseph M. , McElroy Mark W. 
Published: March 2005

PurposeKnowledge management (KM) as a field has been characterized by great confusion about its conceptual foundations and scope, much to the detriment of assessments of its impact and track record. The purpose of this paper is to contribute toward defining the scope of KM and ending the confusion, by presenting a conceptual framework and set of criteria for evaluating whether claimed KM interventions are bona fide instances of it or are interventions of another sort.Design/methodology/approachMethods used include conceptual evaluation and critique of a variety of types of “KM interventions” and presentation of a detailed analysis of an unambiguous case (The Partners HealthCare case) where KM has been successful.FindingsThe critical analysis indicates that the use of tools and methods associated with KM does not imply that interventions using them are KM interventions, and most “KM projects” are probably interventions of other types. The analysis also illustrates a pattern of intervention that can serve as the basis of a long‐term systematic strategy for implementing KM.Originality/valueThis is the first detailed examination of whether KM is really being done by those who claim to be doing it. It should be of value to all those who think about the scope of organizational learning and KM, and who care about unbiased assessments of its performance.
Police perceptions of social capital and sense of responsibility
Authors: Jackson Arrick L. , Wade John E. 
Published: March 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between social capital and police sense of responsibility and their impact on proactive policing.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from surveys of 353 police officers from a mid‐Western police agency. Structural equation modeling was employed to examine the relationship between social capital and proactive policing and the mediating impact of police sense of responsibility for explaining proactive policing.FindingsSocial capital demonstrates a significant relationship with both sense of responsibility and proactive policing. However, findings suggest that the amount of crime within the community has the most significant impact on police sense of responsibility and their subsequent proactive behavior. Further, social capital is only moderately mediated by sense of responsibility in explaining proactive policing.Research limitations/implicationsThe research limitations of this study include: results may be skewed toward reflecting the perceptions of younger officers; this study is a cross‐sectional study, therefore, no data are provided in this study to indicate whether police opinions and behavior might change if their job assignments were different; and the scales utilized in this study may not be exhaustive.Originality/valueMany explanations have been advanced to account for police proactive behavior. Social capital is the least developed concept in this regard. The mediating role that officers' sense of responsibility has in the relationship between social capital and proactive policing is assessed.
Confidence in the police between America and Japan
Authors: Cao Liqun , Stack Steven 
Published: March 2005

PurposeTo re‐test the hypothesis that that the public in Japan have a higher confidence in the police than their counterparts in the USA.Design/methodology/approachData from the national representative samples were analyzed to compare the levels of confidence in the police between the USA and Japan. The new analysis addressed four methodological limitations found in the previous study.FindingsWith more updated data and more appropriate method, the results confirmed the previous study that the US public have a significantly higher confidence in the police than the Japanese public.Originality/valueMany qualitative studies have found or argued that the public in Japan have higher confidence in their police than their counterparts in the USA. Only one quantitative analysis has found the opposite. One safeguard against overgeneralization in social science is through replication of the inquiry. The duplication of the previous research findings is important because a strong scientific conclusion is based on the one that examines the theoretically deduced hypothesis at one of the indefinitely large number of times and places that it could be tested, and because duplication is critical in social sciences based on cross‐sectional surveys which are time‐dependent and time‐sensitive.
The thinking eye
Authors: Surette Ray 
Published: March 2005

PurposeTo discuss and review the shift to computer enhanced self‐monitoring CCTV surveillance systems of public spaces and the social implications of this shift.Design/methodology/approachA review of the research and evaluation literature concerning CCTV surveillance systems culling out the history of public space CCTV systems and the concerns associated with first and second generation CCTV surveillance.FindingsThe main difference between first and second generation surveillance is the change from a “dumb camera” that needs a human eye to evaluate its images to a computer‐linked camera system that evaluates its own video images. Second generation systems reduce the human factor in surveillance and address some of the basic concerns associated with first generation surveillance systems such as data swamping, boredom, voyeurism, and profiling. Their enhanced capabilities, though, raise new concerns, particularly the expansion of surveillance and its intrusiveness.Research limitations/implicationsAdditional research is needed to assess CCTV surveillance on a set of social dynamics such as informal guardianship activities by citizens.Practical implicationsThe adoption of computer‐enhanced CCTV surveillance systems should not be an automatic response to a public space security problem and their deployment should not be decided simply on the technology's availability or cost.Originality/valueThis paper provides a concise overview of the concerns associated with first generation CCTV surveillance and how the evolution of computer‐enhanced CCTV surveillance systems will alter and add to these concerns. For researchers it details research questions that need to be addressed. For practitioners and government officials considering the use of public space CCTV surveillance it provides a set of issues that should be considered prior to system adoption or deployment.
Reducing burglary by crackdown and consolidation
Authors: Millie Andrew 
Published: March 2005

PurposeTo assess whether a programme of “crackdown and consolidation” could lead to measurable and sustainable reductions in domestic burglary.Design/methodology/approachIn 1998 the Home Office reducing burglary initiative was launched in England and Wales. Phase I comprised 63 projects; the evaluation of one such project based on crackdown and consolidation is considered here. The aim was to crack down on known burglary recidivists, and then consolidate any gains by engaging the local community and implementing various prevention measures. The article considers the background to the project, the history of the method and how it was applied in this instance. The plausibility of the view that this action led to reductions in offending is examined.FindingsThe project did not follow its original plan of a continuous cycle of crackdown and consolidation. However, the approach undoubtedly has the potential to work, although in this instance the consolidation served only to prolong the impact of the initial crackdown, rather than offer a sustainable solution.Practical implicationsThere are financial and staffing implications of adopting a cycle of crackdown and consolidation. There also needs to be neighbourhood buy‐in – especially for the crackdown element – and early warning of changes in the burglary trend.Originality/valueWhilst the concept of crackdown and consolidation has existed for some years, published accounts of it are limited. This article goes some way towards filling that gap by providing an evaluation of the method within an operational police setting.
Value concepts, value information and cycles on the real estate market
Authors: Lind Hans 
Published: March 2005

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is discuss value concepts that can be a complement to current market value, and discuss whether information about these value types can reduce the risk of bubbles.Design/methodology/approachThe study is primarily a critical comment on concepts and arguments put forward in a recent article.FindingsThe main theses in the article are: that there is no “market view” in a market as there always are entrepreneurs who assess the situation differently, and only the future can show who is right; that the valuer should not pretend to be an expert of the future development of a market, as no one can be an expert about the future; and that if any information can reduce the risk of bubbles it is information about past patterns in the market. More such information might reduce the risk of “irrational exuberance” in a market.Practical implicationsThe practical implication is that more historical information could be useful in a property valuation.Originaity/valueThe value of the paper – for researchers, valuers and valuation clients – is that it questions some concepts often used, and points to a way to make valuation reports more useful