bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Output controllability of impulsive Boolean control networks based on hybrid‐index model
Authors: Liang Qianya , Zhou Rongpei , Chen Jie , Ding Yong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn biological systems, impulses are often used to model mutations in gene expression. In order to describe the instantaneity of the impulse, this paper employs a hybrid‐index model of impulsive Boolean networks with state‐triggered impulses. Based on this model, the time‐domain output controllability is investigated. Using the quotient mapping method, the hybrid‐domain solutions of this model are mapped to the time‐domain solutions, mathematically. Then a necessary and sufficient condition for output controllability in the time domain is presented. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the obtained results.
Energy management of distribution network with inverter‐based renewable virtual power plant considering voltage security index
Authors: Azarhooshang Alireza , Rezazadeh Alireza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVirtual power plants (VPP) with resources and storages are able to control the active power of the network. They are also connected to the network through an inverter, which is capable of controlling reactive power. Therefore, it is expected that the optimal use of inverter‐based VPP can play an effective role in improving the economic and technical status of the distribution network. So, the operation of a smart distribution system is presented in this paper by considering inverter‐based VPPs constrained to the operator's measures. The weighted sum of expected energy loss (EEL) and voltage security index (VSI) is minimized while considering AC optimal power flow equations, restrictions of network's security, and operating model of the inverter‐based VPPs. Uncertainties with an origin of the amount of demand, renewable energy, and parameters of mobile energy storage are also discussed. The uncertainties are modelled using a stochastic optimization approach relying on the unscented transformation (UT). Evaluating inverter‐based VPP performance, providing models of flexible resources such as responsive loads and mobile storages, checking network voltage security status, and modelling uncertainties using the UT method are among the innovations of this study. According to the results, it is demonstrated that the technical situation of the distribution system is improved with the help of optimal management of the VPP. With energy management of the inverter‐based VPP, the suggested design has succeeded to enhance the operating status (voltage security) of the system by approximately 33–73% (12%) in comparison to power flow studies.
J-PLUS: Toward a homogeneous photometric calibration using Gaia BP/RP low-resolution spectra
Authors: López-Sanjuan C. , Vázquez Ramió H. , Xiao K. , Yuan H. , Carrasco J. M. , Varela J. , Cristóbal-Hornillos D. , Tremblay P.-E. , Ederoclite A. , Marín-Franch A. , Cenarro A. J. , Coelho P. R. T. , Daflon S. , del Pino A. , Domínguez Sánchez H. , Fernández-Ontiveros J. A. , Hernán-Caballero A. , Jiménez-Esteban F. M. , Alcaniz J. , Angulo R. E. , Dupke R. A. , Hernández-Monteagudo C. , Moles M. , Sodré L. 
Published: December 2023

Aims. We present the photometric calibration of the 12 optical passbands for the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) third data release (DR3) comprising 1642 pointings of two square degrees each.
Methods. We selected nearly 1.5 million main sequence stars with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than ten in the 12 J-PLUS passbands and available low-resolution (R = 20–80) spectrum from the blue and red photometers (BP/RP) in Gaia DR3. We compared the synthetic photometry from BP/RP spectra with the J-PLUS instrumental magnitudes after correcting for the magnitude and color terms between both systems in order to obtain a homogeneous photometric solution for J-PLUS. To circumvent the current limitations in the absolute calibration of the BP/RP spectra, the absolute color scale was derived using the locus of 109 white dwarfs closer than 100 pc with a negligible interstellar extinction. Finally, the absolute flux scale was anchored to the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) photometry in the r band.
Results. The precision of the J-PLUS photometric calibration estimated from duplicated objects observed in adjacent pointings and by comparison with the spectro-photometric standard star GD 153 is ~12 mmag in u, J0378, and J0395, and it is ~7 mmag in J0410, J0430, ɡ, J0515, r, J0660, i, J0861, and z. The estimated accuracy in the calibration along the surveyed area is better than 1% for all the passbands.
Conclusions. The Gaia BP/RP spectra provide a high-quality, homogeneous photometric reference in the optical range across the full sky in spite of their current limitations as an absolute reference. The calibration method for J-PLUS DR3 reaches an absolute precision and accuracy of 1% in the 12 optical filters within an area of 3284 square degrees.
Real-time carotid plaque recognition from dynamic ultrasound videos based on artificial neural network
Authors: Wei Yao , Yang Bin , Wei Ling , Xue Jun , Zhu Yicheng , Li Jianchu , Qin Mingwei , Zhang Shuyang , Dai Qing , Yang Meng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose Carotid ultrasound allows noninvasive assessment of vascular anatomy and function with real-time display. Based on the transfer learning method, a series of research results have been obtained on the optimal image recognition and analysis of static images. However, for carotid plaque recognition, there are high requirements for self-developed algorithms in real-time ultrasound detection. This study aims to establish an automatic recognition system, Be Easy to Use (BETU), for the real-time and synchronous diagnosis of carotid plaque from ultrasound videos based on an artificial neural network.
Materials and Methods 445 participants (mean age, 54.6±7.8 years; 227 men) were evaluated. Radiologists labeled a total of 3259 segmented ultrasound images from 445 videos with the diagnosis of carotid plaque, 2725 images were collected as a training dataset, and 554 images as a testing dataset. The automatic plaque recognition system BETU was established based on an artificial neural network, and remote application on a 5G environment was performed to test its diagnostic performance.
Results The diagnostic accuracy of BETU (98.5%) was consistent with the radiologist’s (Kappa = 0.967, P < 0.001). Remote diagnostic feedback based on BETU-processed ultrasound videos could be obtained in 150ms across a distance of 1023 km between the ultrasound/BETU station and the consultation workstation.
Conclusion Based on the good performance of BETU in real-time plaque recognition from ultrasound videos, 5G plus Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted ultrasound real-time carotid plaque screening was achieved, and the diagnosis was made.
Geriatric Distal Femur Fractures Treated with Arthroplasty Are Associated with Lower Mortality but Greater Costs Compared with Open Reduction and Internal Fixation at 30 Days
Authors: Gwam Chukwuweike U. , Harmody Kristen Confroy , Luo T. David , Rosas Samuel , Plates Johannes 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDistal femur fractures (DFFs) are common injuries with significant morbidity. Surgical options include open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plates and/or intramedullary devices or a distal femur endoprosthesis (distal femur replacement [DFR]). A paucity of studies exist that compare the two modalities. The present study utilized a 1:2 propensity score match to compare 30-day outcomes of geriatric patients with DFFs who underwent an ORIF or DFR. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data from 2008 to 2019 were utilized to identify all patients who sustained a DFF and underwent either ORIF or DFR. This yielded 3,197 patients who underwent an ORIF versus 121 patients who underwent a DFR. A final sample of 363 patients (242 patients with ORIF vs. 121 with DFR) was obtained after a 1:2 propensity score match. Costs were obtained from the National Inpatient Sample database using multiple regression analysis and validated with a 7:3 train-test algorithm. Independent samples t-tests and chi-square analysis were conducted to assess cost and outcome differences, respectively. Patients who received a DFR had higher transfusion rates than ORIF (p = 0.021) and higher mean inpatient hospital costs (p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis for patients 80 years of age or older revealed higher 30-day unplanned readmission (0 vs. 18.2%; p < 0.001) and 30-day mortality (0 vs. 18.2%; p < 0.001) rates for patients undergoing ORIF compared with DFR. The total number of DFR cases needed to prevent one ORIF-related 30-day mortality for DFR for patients 80 years of age was 6 (95% confidence interval: 3.02–19.9). The mean hospital costs associated with preventing one case of death within 30 days from operation by undergoing DFR compared with ORIF was $176,021.39. Our results demonstrate higher rates of transfusion and increased inpatient costs among the DFR cohort compared with ORIF. However, we demonstrate lower rates of mortality for patients 80 years and older who underwent DFR versus ORIF. Future studies randomized controlled trials are necessary to validate the results of this study.
Mechanism of the Mitsunobu Reaction: An Ongoing Mystery
Authors: Kwon Ohyun , Croll Elizabeth A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Mitsunobu reaction is one the most widely known reactions in the organic chemistry canon. Despite its fame, some aspects of the mechanism remain poorly understood, 55 years after its initial discovery. This short review collates the findings of several publications focused on the mechanism of the Mitsunobu reaction, highlighting both the current state of knowledge and the remaining missing pieces.1	Introduction2	Mechanism Overview3	Mechanistic Investigations4	Conclusion
FSO2 Radical-Initiated Photoredox Cyclization of 4-Enoic Acids to Functionalized γ-Lactones
Authors: Liao Saihu , Fang Xin , Geng Xuebing , Wang Peng , Zhang Honghai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe incorporation of sulfonyl fluoride groups into molecules has been proven effective in enhancing their biological activities or introducing new functions. Herein, a transition-metal-free and visible-light-mediated radical tandem cyclization of unsaturated carboxylic acid is reported. This affords a facile access to FSO2-functionalized γ-lactones efficiently, which are critical structural motifs widely present in biologically active molecules.
Evaluation of Phenyldiazenyl as a Protective/Activating Group in Lithiation–Substitution Reactions of Tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Singh Kamal Nain , Kaur Babaldeep , Kaur Manjot , Singh Pushpinder , Sharma Esha , Batra Aanchal , Kaur Amarjit 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhenyldiazenyl moiety has been utilized both as a protective and activating group to synthesize C-1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines via lithiation–substitution strategy. This reaction sequence involves generation of α-amino carbanions, derived from N-phenyldiazenyl tetrahydroisoquinolines, followed by coupling with various electrophiles, e.g., aldehyde, ketones, alkyl halide, oxiranes, isocyanates, and with in situ generated arynes. Deprotection of the protecting group was carried out under acidic conditions to afford the desired α-substituted products in moderate to good yields. So, triazene as a protecting/directing group and its compatibility with strong bases provide a good synthetic utility for the synthesis of a variety of α-substituted secondary amines via lithiation substitution reaction.
Advanced Pediatric-Type Follicular Lymphoma, Consequences of a Late Presentation in a Resource-Poor Setting: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Nlemadim Anthony Chibueze , Ugbem Theophilus Ipeh , Udie Gabriel Unimke , Omini Godwin Cletus , Izekor Eghomwanre Davis , Adedokun Olufunke Folaranmi , Asuquo Ekaete Joseph , Meremikwu Martin Madu , Odey Friday Akwagiobe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPediatric-type follicular lymphoma (PFL) is a rare, nonaggressive, slow-growing (indolent), non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is typically seen in males as a localized disease with excellent outcomes. It is largely different from follicular lymphoma (FL). Few published studies on PFL are case series in developed nations. We report on a patient with advanced PFL, a 14-year-old female with 5-year history of neck swellings, abdominal distension for a month, and pericardial effusion, among others. The swellings waxed and waned; and involved all the peripheral lymph nodes. Tuberculosis (TB) GeneXpert and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening were negative. She received anti-TB drugs prior to presentation in our hospital where nodal histopathology showed effaced architecture with diffuse follicles and abundant blastoid cells as well as negative CD5 and BCL2, and positive CD10 and CD20. Diagnosis of PFL (stage 3) was made. She completed six courses of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone and is well 9 months after therapy. The PFL usually presents with stage 1 or 2 disease unlike in the index female case that was also complicated by effusion and ascites due to late presentation. It responded to chemotherapy and has not reoccurred; in contrast to classic FL and reactive follicular hyperplasia (RFH) which should be differentiated from PFL. Although RFH can be caused by TB or HIV, they are not causes of malignant lymphadenopathy. Physicians should be aware of PFL which may present in high clinical stages, but still retain its good prognosis, for the purposes of counseling.
Male Contraception
Authors: Amory John K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractApproximately 40 to 50% of pregnancies are unintended. Contraceptive use significantly reduces the risk of unintended pregnancy. Approximately 70% of couples' contraceptive use is female and 30% is male, attributable to the reliance on condoms and vasectomies. Unfortunately, many women cannot use currently available contraceptives due to medical contraindications or side effects. At the same time, men want additional safe and effective contraceptive methods. Because of this, work to develop novel, safe, and effective male contraceptives is underway. This review will briefly discuss the pros and cons of condoms and vasectomies, and then describe research into the development of novel methods of male contraception, by the mechanism of action of the contraceptive. First, we will discuss male contraceptives that block sperm transmission. Next, we will discuss male contraceptives that impair sperm production. Lastly, we will discuss male contraceptives that impair sperm function.
The right and justice of subsistence wars as necessity: a Grotian account
Authors: Matsumoto Masakazu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSubsistence wars revolve around the use of force exercised by those faced with hunger, deprivation, and other survival crises. This idea has been formulated as an act emerging from the right of self-defense in the ethics of war literature. Alternatively, this study attempts to conceptualize and justify it with the notion of the right of necessity derived from Hugo Grotius. The structural difference between self-defense and necessity highlights strict just war conditions that must be met before, during, and after waging a subsistence war, especially when it emerges from the right of necessity. The idea of waging a war out of necessity seems too permissive; in fact, it has a regulatory aspect as well. Given the significance of the right to subsistence, which is universally shared yet globally threatened, the war of subsistence is to be seen as a real and pressing concern in current and future international society.
Strong coupling in mechanically flexible free-standing organic membranes
Authors: Georgiou Kyriacos , Athanasiou Modestos , Jayaprakash Rahul , Lidzey David G. , Itskos Grigorios , Othonos Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Strong coupling of a confined optical field to the excitonic or vibronic transitions of a molecular material results in the formation of new hybrid states called polaritons. Such effects have been extensively studied in Fabry–Pèrot microcavity structures where an organic material is placed between two highly reflective mirrors. Recently, theoretical and experimental evidence has suggested that strong coupling can be used to modify chemical reactivity as well as molecular photophysical functionalities. However, the geometry of conventional microcavity structures limits the ability of molecules “encapsulated” in a cavity to interact with their local environment. Here, we fabricate mirrorless organic membranes that utilize the refractive index contrast between the organic active material and its surrounding medium to confine an optical field with Q-factor values up to 33. Using angle-resolved white light reflectivity measurements, we confirm that our structures operate in the strong coupling regime, with Rabi-splitting energies between 60 and 80 meV in the different structures studied. The experimental results are matched by transfer matrix and coupled oscillator models that simulate the various polariton states of the free standing membranes. Our work demonstrates that mechanically flexible and easy-to-fabricate free standing membranes can support strong light–matter coupling, making such simple and versatile structures highly promising for a range of polariton applications.
Gravitational traces of bumblebee gravity in metric–affine formalism
Authors: Araújo Filho A A , Hassanabadi H , Heidari N , Kr̆íz̆ J , Zare S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This work explores various manifestations of bumblebee gravity within the metric–affine formalism. We investigate the impact of the Lorentz violation parameter, denoted as X, on the modification of the Hawking temperature. Our calculations reveal that as X increases, the values of the Hawking temperature attenuate. To examine the behavior of massless scalar perturbations, specifically the quasinormal modes, we employ the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin method. The transmission and reflection coefficients are determined through our calculations. The outcomes indicate that a stronger Lorentz–violating parameter results in slower damping oscillations of gravitational waves. To comprehend the influence of the quasinormal spectrum on time–dependent scattering phenomena, we present a detailed analysis of scalar perturbations in the time–domain solution. Additionally, we conduct an investigation on shadows, revealing that larger values of X correspond to larger shadow radii. Furthermore, we constrain the magnitude of the shadow radii using the EHT horizon–scale image of

S
g
r

A
∗

. Finally, we calculate both the time delay and the deflection angle.
Fractional cosmic strings
Authors: Fumeron Sébastien , Henkel Malte , López Alexander 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Topological defects are investigated in the framework of quantum gravity models based on the hypothesis of an effective fractal dimension of the Universe. From a minimal coupling procedure, the tools of fractional calculus are used to determine the geometry associated to a fractional cosmic string. Several results for the propagation of light are discussed, notably the light-deviation angle due to the defect and the geodesics of light.
Joint optimization of seismometer arrays for the cancellation of Newtonian noise from seismic body waves in the Einstein Telescope
Authors: Badaracco Francesca , Harms Jan , Rei Luca 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Seismic Newtonian noise (NN) is predicted to limit the sensitivity of the Einstein Telescope (ET). It can be reduced with coherent noise cancellation techniques using data from seismometers. To achieve the best results, it is important to place the seismic sensors in optimal positions. A preliminary study on this topic was conducted for the ET: it focused on the optimization of the seismic array for the cancellation of NN at an isolated test mass (TM). In this paper, we expand the study to include the nested shape of ET, i.e. four TMs of the low-frequency interferometers at each vertex of the detector. Results are investigated in function of the polarization content of the seismic field composed of body waves. The study also examines how performance can be affected by displacing the sensor array from its optimal position or by operating at frequencies other than those used for optimization.
Low-profile reconfigurable saline water-based ultrawideband metamaterial absorber
Authors: Xue Huachen , Liu Liangliang , Cong Hui , Fu Zhepeng , Zhu Zhengtao , Shen Dan , Li Zhuo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Saline water solutions are widely used in the design of electromagnetic (EM) absorbers due to their high dielectric loss. However, most of the saline water solution-based absorbers are not reconfigurable. In this work, we propose a low-profile, reconfigurable saline water-based ultra-wideband metamaterial absorber. Two types of dielectric resonators, pyramid-shaped and cube-shaped cavities, are filled with saline water to create multi-frequency resonances and realize ultra-wideband absorption. We fabricate an absorber sample with 3D-printing technology and conduct experiments. It is demonstrated that the absorber exhibits an absorptivity of over 90% for EM waves within 6.7–63 GHz, with a relative bandwidth of 161.5%. The absorption performance remains stable under different incident angles of different polarizations, and the absorber can maintain a high absorbing capacity at different temperatures. Emptying the saline water causes complete reflection of all EM waves from 1 GHz to 53 GHz. Furthermore, the infrared radiation of the absorber can be effectively controlled at a low level by introducing cryogenic saline water. This saline-based reconfigurable absorber can find potential applications in EM camouflage and protection in military scenarios.
Characteristics of high-repetition-rate bipolar pulse DBD under various electrical conditions in atmospheric-pressure air
Authors: Kim Seong-Hun , Yun Ung-Hui , Kim Jin-Gyu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Numerous studies have been conducted on pulse dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) because it can produce powerful discharges uniformly at atmospheric pressure with a fast rise time. Although much research has been conducted on pulse DBD below 10 kHz, relatively little has been conducted on pulse DBD at high pulse repetition rates (PRRs). Therefore, in this study, the ozone generation and discharge characteristics of bipolar pulse DBD in atmospheric-pressure air at a high PRR of 10 kHz or above were investigated. According to the results of this study, with the exception of electron temperature, most discharge characteristics need for practical applications—like transfer charge, electron density, and discharge uniformity—improved as the voltage and duty ratio increased at high PRR. On the contrary, increasing the PRR exhibited trade-off features like low electron temperature, low discharge uniformity, and a high number of discharges per unit time. Ozone generation demonstrated good results at high voltage, appropriate PRR, and low duty ratio, but applying suitable electrical conditions is crucial considering ozone generation speed and power consumption. The findings of this study will be very beneficial for high-PRR pulse DBD applications that require quick and effective processing. Additionally, they will be useful for researching the characteristics of pulse DBD at high PRR.