bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of polyethylene wear particles isolated from synovial fluid after mobile‐bearing and posterior‐stabilized total knee arthroplasties
Authors: Minoda Yukihide , Kobayashi Akio , Iwaki Hiroyoshi , Miyaguchi Masatsugu , Kadoya Yoshinori , Ohashi Hirotsugu , Takaoka Kunio 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe size, shape, and number of polyethylene wear particles found in synovial fluids of patients 1 year after implantation of 22 well‐functioning total knee prostheses (11 contemporary mobile‐bearing type, 11 posterior‐stabilized type) were determined. Polyethylene wear particles were isolated from synovial fluids and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Particle size (equivalent circle diameter) was 0.81 ± 0.12 μm (mean ± standard error) in mobile‐bearing types and 0.78 ± 0.08 μm in posterior‐stabilized types. Particle shape (aspect ratio) was 1.94 ± 0.13 in mobile‐bearing types and 2.30 ± 0.22 in posterior‐stabilized types. Total numbers of particles were (1.75 ± 1.02) × 108 in mobile‐bearing and (1.16 ± 0.57) × 108 in posterior‐stabilized types. The differences in these parameters between the two groups were not statistically significant. In the early stages after surgery, contemporary mobile‐bearing types were comparable to posterior‐stabilized types in terms of polyethylene wear‐particle generation. The present results do not support the proposition that has been put forward in the literature; namely, that the contemporary mobile‐bearing design has an advantage, in terms of the polyethylene wear rate. These data suggest that the advantage of complete conformity in the femoro‐tibial articulating surface of contemporary mobile‐bearing design may be offset by wear of the mobile undersurface and slot, apart from the articulating surface. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 71B: 1–6, 2004
The effect of basis set superposition error on the convergence of intermolecular interaction energies for deprotonated complexes
Authors: Masamura Masao 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe intermolecular interaction energies of the deprotonated hydrogen‐bonded complexes F−(HF), F−(H2O), F−(NH3), Cl−(HF), SH−(HF), H2P−(HF), OH−(H2O), OH−(H2O)2, OH−(NH3), Cl−(H2O), SH−(H2O), H2P−(H2O), Cl−(NH3), SH−(NH3), H2P−(NH3), Cl−(HCl), Cl−(H2S), Cl−(PH3), SH−(H2S), SH−(PH3), and H2P−(PH3) were calculated with correlation consistent basis sets at the MP2, MP4, QCISD(T), and CCSD(T) levels. When the basis set is smaller, the counterpoise‐uncorrected intermolecular interaction energies are closer to the complete basis set limit than the counterpoise‐corrected intermolecular interaction energies. The counterpoise‐uncorrected intermolecular interaction energies obtained at the MP2/aug‐cc‐pVDZ level of theory are close to the interaction energies obtained at the extrapolated complete basis set limit in most of the complexes. Also, we investigate the accuracy of the other levels. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 1771–1778, 2004
Kinetics and equilibrium of multicomponent adsorption on chiraly templated surfaces
Authors: Szabelski Paweł , Talbot Julian 
Published: August 2004

AbstractIn this contribution we propose a simple model of adsorption of a binary (racemic) mixture on a chiraly templated surface. As an example, the adsorption of a liquid mixture of enantiomers on a chiral stationary phase (CSP) is considered. In particular, we study the effect of the lateral interactions in the adsorbed phase on the kinetic and equilibrium isotherms of the enantiomers. Additionally, we investigate the influence of the composition of the surface on the performance of the CSP in the presence of the lateral interactions. To that end, the adsorption of the mixture is modeled by using Monte Carlo simulations as well as by applying an analytical approach involving rate equations coupled with the Mean Field Approximation (MFA). The predictions of the theory are found to be in good agreement with the results of the simulations. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 1779–1786, 2004
Functional measurement of local proteolytic activity in living cells of invasive and non‐invasive tumors
Authors: Ludwig Thomas , Püttmann Sylvia , Bertram Helga , Tatenhorst Lars , Paulus Werner , Oberleithner Hans , Senner Volker 
Published: August 2004

AbstractProteolytic cleavage of extracellular matrix (ECM) and disruption of tissue architecture are fundamental features of tumor cell invasion. The proteolytic activity is focused in close proximity to the tumor cells. Here, we describe the possibility to quantify local proteolytic activity in the microenvironment of larger cell populations by the electrical resistance breakdown assay. The assay utilizes the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of an epithelial monolayer as a sensitive indicator of monolayer integrity and permeability. Local destruction of ECM by single tumor cells was demonstrated by a second assay, based on a fluorescent matrix coating on cover slides. Local digestion of the matrix results in a reduction of fluorescence. Primary cells derived from high and low grade brain tumors as well as established cell lines of malignant gliomas and non‐neural tumors of different origin (melanoma, cervical carcinoma, and breast carcinoma) were compared. Differences in proteolytic activity between tumor entities were demonstrated in both assays. Primary cells of high grade gliomas and cell lines showed TEER breakdown and local matrix destruction, while low grade brain tumors lacked matrix disintegration and disruption of cell monolayers. Taken together, both assays are capable of demonstrating local proteolytic activity and thus are versatile tools for distinguishing high and low invasive tumor cells with a potential application as diagnostic and prognostic markers in clinical investigations. The advantage of the matrix digestion assay is the requirement of only very low tumor cell numbers, whereas measurement of TEER enables precise quantification of local proteolytic processes in large and even heterogeneous tumor cultures. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypertrophy and transcriptional regulation induced in myogenic cell line L6‐C5 by an increase of extracellular calcium
Authors: De Arcangelis V. , Coletti D. , Canato M. , Molinaro M. , Adamo S. , Reggiani C. , Naro F. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractCalcium plays a pivotal role in the establishment of the differentiated phenotype in myogenic cells but the involved molecular mechanisms are still matter of debate. Here we studied the effects of exposing L6‐C5 myogenic cells to high extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o), which induces an increase of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) without involving Ca2+ release from the intracellular stores but exclusively due to plasma membrane influx (Naro et al., ). Exposure of L6‐C5 cells to [Ca2+]o up to 20 mM for 30 min, before shifting them into a differentiative medium, induced the appearance of multinucleated, myosin‐positive myotubes, much larger than in control cells with an increased protein/DNA ratio. These large myotubes showed nuclear accumulation of the hypertrophy marker GATA‐2. The hypertrophic growth of these cells was blocked by cyclosporin A (CsA), FK506, or overexpression of a calcineurin‐dominant negative protein, suggesting the involvement in this process of the Ca2+ responsive phosphatase calcineurin. Furthermore, transient exposure of L6‐C5 cells to high [Ca2+]o increased the expression of luciferase reporter driven by myoglobin (Mb) and β‐MHC promoters but not IIB‐MHC and MCK promoters. Luciferase transcription driven by CK promoter was, instead, enhanced by mobilizing Ca2+ from the intracellular stores. These data indicate that a transient increase of [Ca2+]i due to plasma‐membrane influx is sufficient to induce a hypertrophic phenotype and an increased expression of slow‐fiber genes but not fast‐fiber genes. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) blocks the differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells
Authors: Ito Hidenori , Ueda Hiroshi , Iwamoto Ikuko , Inaguma Yutaka , Takizawa Takenori , Asano Tomiko , Kato Kanefusa 
Published: August 2004

AbstractAddition of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) to the differentiation medium of C2C12 mouse myoblast cells caused severe inhibition of the formation of myotubes and suppressed differentiation‐dependent elevation in the levels of the creatine kinase M isozyme (CKM). Under these conditions, NDGA did not cause significant increase of damaged cells, as detected by annexin‐V‐FITC assay, or induction of heat shock proteins, known to be a response against extracellular stress. The results suggest that NDGA itself is not toxic but can effectively blocks the differentiation‐dependent increase of CKM during C2C12 differentiation. The levels of muscle specific bHLH proteins MyoD, Myf5, and myogenin were also decreased by addition of NDGA, indicating a block of the initial step of the myogenesis through downregulation of muscle specific genes. NDGA is known to be a lipoxygenase inhibitor but other examples, like MK‐886 and CDC, did not exert the same effects on differentiation of muscle cells, indicating that mechanisms of NDGA action are independent of its influence on lipoxygenase. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inducible reproductive plasticity of the guppy Poecilia reticulata in response to predation cues
Authors: Dzikowski Ron , Hulata Gideon , Harpaz Sheenan , Karplus Ilan 
Published: August 2004

AbstractPredation has long been described as one of the major driving forces in evolution. Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) from natural populations exposed to different predation pressures, were found to have different life history traits. Reproductive plasticity in response to direct predation cues has mainly been reported for invertebrates. The goals of the present study were to determine whether exposure to predation cues would induce reproductive phenotypic plasticity in female guppies and to determine whether the effective cues are visual, chemical, or a combination of both. In our first experiment, female guppies exposed to predation cues of the african cichlids Aulonocara nyassae increased their reproductive output by almost two fold, having larger brood‐sizes and shorter brood‐interval at the first spawn. This effect disappeared in the second spawn in the absence of predators. In the second experiment we found that exposure to the predators induced an increase in the brood‐size regardless of whether the cue was: only visual, only chemical, visual and chemical or visual, chemical and tactile. The impacts of these cues were equally powerful on the tested variables and they did not have any cumulative effect. Similar to the results of the first experiment, this effect disappeared in the second spawn, in the absence of predation cues. The present study demonstrates a direct immediate and reversible effect of predation cues on guppy reproduction. J. Exp. Zool. 301A:776–782, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nucleotide and protein sequences of a proteinase inhibitor from the vitelline envelope of dace (Tribolodon hakonensis) eggs
Authors: Hosomi Osamu , Ohe Yoshihide , Takeya Akira , Hosaka Kohei , Okubo Toyoji , Iyobe Shizuko , Kudo Shigeharu 
Published: August 2004

AbstractOur experimental purpose is to probe the structure(s) of the chorionic proteinase inhibitor and its cDNA sequence(s) and to develop the application of safe medicines for protection of human and other animal bodies from pathogenic microbe attacks. In this study, chorionic proteinase inhibitor protein was isolated, sequenced and used to base the design of PCR primers, which were then used to amplify DNA using RT‐PCR. A cDNA clone of the protein which inhibited the activities of serine proteinases and thermolysin was obtained on the basis of mRNA extracted from ovarian tissue of dace,Tribolodon hakonensis, and the deduced amino acid sequence was determined. Chorionic proteinase inhibitor (TribSPI) peptides of about 9.0 kDa (TribSPI) and 14 kDa (TribSPI‐S) were purified from vitelline envelope extracts by thermolysin‐immobilized affinity‐chromatography. The cloned TribSPI cDNA was 1,806 bp in length, and the open reading flame (ORF) was 915 bp encoding a protein of 305 amino acid residues. The inhibitor protein had a molecular mass of 33,550 daltons and was composed of five similar domains. Each domain contained eight cysteine residues, and it's deduced amino acid sequence was only 33≈34% identical to those of human and porcine antileukoproteinases (hALP and pALP, respectively). A possible binding‐site for serine proteinases, Arg‐Ile, was contained in three domains.J. Exp. Zool. 301A:756–766, 2004.© 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Na+/H+ Exchanger‐3 is involved in mouse blastocyst formation
Authors: Kawagishi Rikako , Tahara Masahiro , Sawada Kenjiro , Morishige Kenichiro , Sakata Masahiro , Tasaka Keiichi , Murata Yuji 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe mouse blastocyst consists of the trophectoderm, the inner cell mass, and a fluid‐filled cavity, the blastocoel. Formation and subsequent expansion of this cavity is important for further differentiation of the inner cell mass and successful implantation. Previous work provided evidence that vectorial transport of Na+ and Cl− ions through the trophectoderm into the blastocoel generates an osmotic gradient that drives fluid across this epithelium. As the activity of the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) has been implicated as the exchanger responsible for facilitating the transtrophectodermal Na+ flux, the functional role of NHE in mouse blastocoel development was determined. Embryos were cultured in the presence of subtype‐specific NHE inhibitors to examine the role of NHEs in blastocoel development. When 2‐cell stage embryos were treated continuously with a specific inhibitor of NHE‐1, cariporide, the embryos passed beyond the 8‐cell stage and became blastocysts. However, in the presence of a specific inhibitor of NHE‐3, S3226, the 2‐cell stage embryos developed to the morula stage but formation of the blastocyst were inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner. Cariporide did not inhibit the formation of the blastocoel cavity from the morula stage whereas S3226 did inhibit that process. S3226 also reduced the rate of re‐expansion of blastocysts collapsed by cytochalasin D upon transfer to the control medium. An immunofluorescence study showed that NHE‐3 was detected in the vicinity of the cell membrane of the trophectoderm, especially in the apical cell margins of the trophectoderm. These results suggest that NHE‐3 is likely involved in blastocyst formation. J. Exp. Zool. 301A:767–775, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Seminal vesicle secretion of African catfish, its composition, its behaviour in water and saline solutions and its influence on gamete fertilizability
Authors: Mansour Nabil , Lahnsteiner Franz , Patzner Robert A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe seminal vesicle secretion (SVS) of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, was investigated by analytical and experimental methods. SVS consists mainly of proteins and glycoproteins which are responsible for its viscous and sticky nature. The secretion contains also high activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and proteases. These catabolic enzymes do not have functions in autolysis or liquefaction of SVS but are considered to eliminate aging spermatozoa from the proximal portions of seminal vesicle and from the spermatic duct. SVS of the African catfish is unstable in the environment relevant for natural spawning. When SVS was mixed with water, seminal plasma or different types of saline solutions its protein coagulated forming fibrous or granular particles of variable size within a few seconds. Pure SVS completely inhibited the motility as the sticky secretion hindered spermatozoa in free swimming. SVS had also a negative effect on sperm fertility, egg fertility, and sperm egg contact, as the fertilization was drastically suppressed in the presence of SVS. Basing on our analytical and experimental results we exclude that SVS has functions in stabilizing the viability of spermatozoa stored in the spermatic ducts or is an energy resource of spermatozoa. It also does not improve or stabilize the fertilization process and has no functions in adhering the eggs to substrates or in covering the eggs for mechanical protection or antibacterial defense. A function of SVS in the male and female communication during the prenuptial spawning behaviour is discussed. J. Exp. Zool. 301A:745–755, 2004. © 2004 Wiley Liss, Inc.
Diurnal rhythm and effect of temperature on oxygen consumption in earthworms, Amynthas gracilis and Pontoscolex corethrurus
Authors: Chuang Shu Chun , Lee Hsinyu , Chen Jiun Hong 
Published: August 2004

AbstractDifferent species of earthworms show distinct patterns of oxygen consumption pattern. Amynthas gracilis has a diurnal rhythm of oxygen consumption, consuming more oxygen at night, whether being incubated at 20, 25, or 30°C. The higher oxygen consumption of A. gracilis is directly related to its behavior, as it shows higher activity at night. In contrast, Pontoscolex corethrurus showed no obvious diurnal rhythms of oxygen consumption or behavior. In addition, its oxygen demand is not related to temperature. A. gracilis has higher oxygen consumption than P. corethrurus at 20 and 30°C. The difference in temperature adaptation of oxygen consumption between these two species may be a strategy by which earthworms adapt to different temperatures. This might explain why A. gracilis disperses on the soil surface at night after a rain, in contrast to P. corethrurus for which such behavior was not been observed. J. Exp. Zool. 301A:737–744, 2004. © 2004 Wiley Liss, Inc.
The negative effects of positive stereotypes: ethnicity‐related stressors and implications on organizational health
Authors: Cocchiara Faye K. , Quick James Campbell 
Published: August 2004

AbstractRacism and discrimination are known causes of stress for ethnic minorities. While negative stereotypes may adversely impact health and performance in racial groups, we suggest that positive performance stereotypes may also have adverse effects. Therefore, the preventive management of performance stereotypes through effective coping can improve organizational health. In addition, studies of coping within racial groups aimed at understanding within group variance can lead to the identification of positive coping methods for ethnic minorities. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Do birds of a feather shop together? The effects on performance of employees' similarity with one another and with customers
Authors: Leonard Jonathan S. , Levine David I. , Joshi Aparna 
Published: August 2004

AbstractTheories have suggested that employee diversity can affect business performance both as a result of customer preferences and through changes of relations within the workplace. We examine these theories with data from more than 700 retail stores employing over 70 000 individuals, matched to census data on the demographics of the community. While past theories predict that increasing the similarity between employees and customers will increase sales, we find no consistent relationship. The exception is that Asian employees appear to be most productive when many nearby residents are Asian immigrants who do not speak English. Diversity of gender and race within a store had no important effect on sales, while age diversity predicted lower sales. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences in retention of dioxin‐like compounds and organochlorinated insecticides on an immunochromatographic column. Interpretation and applicability
Authors: Concejero Miguel Angel , Abad Esteban , Rivera Josep , Herradón Bernardo , González María José , de Frutos Mercedes 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe retention of organochlorinated compounds on an immunochromatographic column is studied. The compounds considered are usually found together in real samples of environmental concern, and include chlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins, chlorinated dibenzofurans, and organochlorinated insecticides. The different retention observed for different compounds is interpreted in light of the structural similarities of the compound studied with that used as a hapten to raise the antibodies employed as ligands in the immunochromatographic column. Differences in retention of the organochlorinated compounds on the immunocolumn make it possible to fractionate them. Mixtures of phosphate buffer solution and ACN in different ratios were used as desorption agents. Depending on the percentage of ACN employed, different fractionations of the organochlorinated compounds are obtained. The use of 20% ACN allows fractionation of most insecticides from chlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and furans. Besides, chlorinated biphenyls of different chlorination degree can be separated. Moreover, pentachlorinated dioxins and pentachlorinated furans are separated from hexachlorinated biphenyls. Fractionation is of critical importance from a practical point of view, as it avoids some of the interferences that otherwise take place during the subsequent gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of these compounds. In this way, immunochromatography makes it possible to perform in a single step all the processes (extraction, clean‐up, concentration, and fractionation) that are needed prior to the GC/MS analysis of these analytes in aqueous samples. An additional advantage of this method is the reusability of the immunoaffinity chromatography column for more than 500 times.
Front Cover: Macromol. Rapid Commun. 16/2004
Authors: Goto Hiromasa , Akagi Kazuo 
Published: August 2004

Front Cover: An image of an optically active poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT*) film prepared by an electrochemical polymerization method in a chiral nematic liquid crystal field is shown. The chiral nematic liquid crystal used here provides a sequential chiral pattern as a molecular mold during the polymerization, and the polymer grows in the three‐dimensional chiral field to form a one‐handed helical structure. This simple method provides a new technique for preparing chiral conducting films in a thermotropic chiral liquid crystal field.Further details can be found in the Communication by H. Goto and K. Akagi* on page 1482.
Eine elastisch‐plastische Übergangsbedingung für die Tropfenschlagerosion von Gesteinen und Betonen
Authors: Momber A. W. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractMineralische Werkstoffe verhalten sich beim Verschleiß durch aufschlagende Flüssigkeitstropfen je nach Beanspruchungsregime und Werkstofftyp elastisch oder elastisch‐plastisch. Eine einfache Verhältniskennzahl, die Bruchzähigkeit und Druckfestigkeit (bzw. Vickers‐Härte) kombiniert, gestattet jedoch bei vorgegebenem Beanspruchungsregime eine vorläufige Einordnung der Materialien. In herkömmlichem Sinne „harte”︁ Werkstoffe, wie Granit und Feldspate, weisen niedrige Verhältniswerte bzw. hohe Härtewerte auf und verhalten sich elastisch, während in herkömmlichem Sinne „weiche”︁ Werkstoffe, wie Kalkstein, Mörtel und Schiefer, die elastisch‐plastisch reagieren, durch hohe Verhältniswerte und niedrige Härtewerte charakterisiert werden können.