bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approximating sparse Hessian matrices using large-scale linear least squares
Authors: Fowkes Jaroslav M. , Gould Nicholas I. M. , Scott Jennifer A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLarge-scale optimization algorithms frequently require sparse Hessian matrices that are not readily available. Existing methods for approximating large sparse Hessian matrices have limitations. To try and overcome these, we propose a novel approach that reformulates the problem as the solution of a large linear least squares problem. The least squares problem is sparse but can include a number of rows that contain significantly more entries than other rows and are regarded as dense. We exploit recent work on solving such problems using either the normal equations or an augmented system to derive a robust approach for computing approximate sparse Hessian matrices. Example sparse Hessians from the CUTEst test problem collection for optimization illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the new method.
Rejecting the extended cognition moral narrative: a critique of two normative arguments for extended cognition
Authors: Cassinadri Guido , Fasoli Marco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGiven the explanatory stalemate between ‘embedded’ (EMB) and ‘extended’ (EXT) cognition, various authors have proposed normative and moral arguments in favour of EXT. According to what we call the “extended cognition moral narrative” (EXT-MN) (Cassinadri, 2022), we should embrace EXT and dismiss EMB, because the former leads to morally preferable consequences with respect to the latter. In this article we argue that two arguments following the EXT moral narrative are flawed. In Sect. 2.1 and 2.2, we present respectively King (2016) and Vold’s (2018) ‘argument from assessment of capacities’ (AAC) and Clowes (2013), Farina and Lavazza’s (2022a) ‘cognitive diminishment argument’ (CDA). The AAC states that we should embrace EXT over EMB since the former is better at attributing cognitive credit to individuals with learning disabilities who use assistive tools to complete their learning tasks, thus avoiding their marginalisation. The CDA states that EMB implies a morally undesirable picture of the agent in terms of cognitive diminishment. In Sect. 3, we clarify and criticise the underlying assumptions of the AAC and CDA: the “cognitive credit assumption”, the “marginalisation assumption” and, more generally, an ableist conception of disabled agency. In Sect. 3.1, we discuss the role of moto-perceptual skills and metacognitive credit involved in complex cases of tool-use, to demonstrate that the EXT-MN is uninformative in addressing these cases. To conclude, in Sect. 4 we argue that AAC and CDA fail to present EXT as descriptively and normatively superior to EMB.
Direct and Indirect Linkages Between Trace Element Status and Health Indicators - a Multi-tissue Case-Study of Two Deer Species in Denmark
Authors: van Beest Floris M. , Schmidt Niels M. , Frederiksen Monica Lønborg , Krogh Anne K.H. , Petersen Heidi H. , Hansson Sophia V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMeasuring trace element concentrations in tissue can be a valuable approach to monitor animal health status. Temporal variation in the absorption, transport, and storage of elements between different tissues can, however, complicate the assessment of element-health relationships. Here, we measured concentrations of selected essential (copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se)) and non-essential (arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb)) trace elements within blood, liver, kidney, and hair of fallow deer (Dama dama; N=20) and red deer (Cervus elaphus; N=21). Using multivariate regression and structural equation models, we estimated direct and indirect linkages between tissue-specific trace element profiles and long- (body condition) and short-term (serum protein biomarkers for acute inflammation, infection, and malnutrition) health indicators. Trace element concentrations varied markedly and were weakly correlated among tissues, with the exception of Se. After accounting for sex- and site-differences in trace element concentrations, body condition of red deer was directly, and positively, associated to trace element status in liver and hair, but not in kidney. For both deer species, trace element status in blood was directly linked to serum protein status with an indirect positive association to deer body condition. For fallow deer, no direct association between trace element status and body condition was detected in any of the tissues, possibly because of elemental homeostasis, and because all individuals were in good clinical health. This study shows that hair can serve as an effective, non-invasive, biomarker in deer health assessments, yet, to fully uncover trace element-health relationships a variety of sample matrices is preferred.
Zonation of groundwater quality in terms of drinkability, using Fuzzy Logic and Schoeller deterministic method for Northern Dezful - Andimeshk Plain, Iran
Authors: Shakour Sedigheh , Chitsazan Manouchehr , Mirzaee Seyed Yahya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the Northern Dezful-Andimeshk Plain, the primary source of drinking water is groundwater, which has low quality in some places. Thus, groundwater quality in this area needs an accurate evaluation. In this research, the fuzzy and Schoeller deterministic method assessed the Northern Dezful-Andimeshk Plain drinking water, and the results of both methods were used to zone and compare the drinking quality of the plain groundwater in the Arc GIS environment. The deterministic method classifies drinking water quality from good to bad. According to this method, 56.81% of the total area of the plain has good quality, 20.83% of the total area is acceptable, 18.77% of the total area has inappropriate quality, and 3.57% of the total area has bad quality. However, in the fuzzy method, groundwater in 21.6% of the total area of the plain with a confidence percentage of 70% to 81% is desirable, in 75.23% of the total area of the plain with a confidence percentage of 32% to 70% is acceptable, and 3.69% of the total area of the plain with drinking confidence of 20% to 22% is nonacceptable. The results showed that the fuzzy method is better than the Schoeller deterministic method because it reduces uncertainties, increases accuracy in the evaluation, increases flexibility in the threshold limits of water quality parameters, and provides a quantitative and qualitative assessment of drinking water. Also the zoning map obtained from this method is more compatible with environmental and pollution realities.
Graphical Abstract
Introducing trauma-informed care principles in the workplace
Authors: Greer Jesse A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhat constitutes a traumatic event and how trauma victims receive treatment has evolved. Individuals can now access treatment through a more person-centered approach. In contrast, the client is viewed as a person and not a diagnosis and receives treatment in less restrictive environments with the client being more involved in their care plan. This trauma-informed care approach has proven beneficial in clinical settings (Bloom in Natl Abandon Infants Assist Resour Center 16:12–17, 2007; Bloom in Levin and Becker (eds), A public health perspective of women's mental health, Springer, New York, 2010; Fallot RD, Harris M. Creating cultures of trauma-informed care: a self-assessment and planning protocol. Community Connections. 2011. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272167009_Creating_Cultures_of_Trauma-Informed_Care_A_Self-Assessment_and_Planning_Protocol.; Isobel et al. in Int J Ment Health Nurs 30:495–505, 2021). However, this way of thinking could be valuable in non-clinical settings. The purpose of this qualitative conceptual review was to introduce how trauma-informed care principles could be integrated into the workplace. Tools and guidelines shown to be beneficial for introducing a more trauma-informed approach in clinical settings are reviewed. Recommendations are then made on how said tools and procedures can be manipulated and used in various workplaces. This paper is a starting point for the conversations that need to occur at all levels of an organization interested in applying a trauma-informed care approach to a non-clinical work environment.
Homogenizing out-of-plane cation composition in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Liang Zheng , Zhang Yong , Xu Huifen , Chen Wenjing , Liu Boyuan , Zhang Jiyao , Zhang Hui , Wang Zihan , Kang Dong-Ho , Zeng Jianrong , Gao Xingyu , Wang Qisheng , Hu Huijie , Zhou Hongmin , Cai Xiangbin , Tian Xingyou , Reiss Peter , Xu Baomin , Kirchartz Thomas , Xiao Zhengguo , Dai Songyuan , Park Nam-Gyu , Ye Jiajiu , Pan Xu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPerovskite solar cells with the formula FA1−xCsxPbI3, where FA is formamidinium, provide an attractive option for integrating high efficiency, durable stability and compatibility with scaled-up fabrication. Despite the incorporation of Cs cations, which could potentially enable a perfect perovskite lattice1,2, the compositional inhomogeneity caused by A-site cation segregation is likely to be detrimental to the photovoltaic performance of the solar cells3,4. Here we visualized the out-of-plane compositional inhomogeneity along the vertical direction across perovskite films and identified the underlying reasons for the inhomogeneity and its potential impact for devices. We devised a strategy using 1-(phenylsulfonyl)pyrrole to homogenize the distribution of cation composition in perovskite films. The resultant p–i–n devices yielded a certified steady-state photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of 25.2% and durable stability.
SARS-CoV-2 viral persistence in lung alveolar macrophages is controlled by IFN-γ and NK cells
Authors: Huot Nicolas , Planchais Cyril , Rosenbaum Pierre , Contreras Vanessa , Jacquelin Beatrice , Petitdemange Caroline , Lazzerini Marie , Beaumont Emma , Orta-Resendiz Aurelio , Rey Félix A. , Reeves R. Keith , Le Grand Roger , Mouquet Hugo , Müller-Trutwin Michaela 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA generally becomes undetectable in upper airways after a few days or weeks postinfection. Here we used a model of viral infection in macaques to address whether SARS-CoV-2 persists in the body and which mechanisms regulate its persistence. Replication-competent virus was detected in bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) macrophages beyond 6 months postinfection. Viral propagation in BAL macrophages occurred from cell to cell and was inhibited by interferon-γ (IFN-γ). IFN-γ production was strongest in BAL NKG2r+CD8+ T cells and NKG2Alo natural killer (NK) cells and was further increased in NKG2Alo NK cells after spike protein stimulation. However, IFN-γ production was impaired in NK cells from macaques with persisting virus. Moreover, IFN-γ also enhanced the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-E on BAL macrophages, possibly inhibiting NK cell-mediated killing. Macaques with less persisting virus mounted adaptive NK cells that escaped the MHC-E-dependent inhibition. Our findings reveal an interplay between NK cells and macrophages that regulated SARS-CoV-2 persistence in macrophages and was mediated by IFN-γ.
A sliding mode control of the bearingless permanent magnet slice motor for the blood pump based on the GAPSO
Authors: Liu Xin , Qu Hongyi , Meng Lingwei , Huang Chuangxin , Chen Qi , Wang Qiuliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we proposed a sliding mode control method for the bearingless permanent magnet slice motor for the blood pump based on the genetic particle swarm algorithm, which aims to solve the problems of strong coupling, strong interference, nonlinearity and uncertainty. Firstly, the mathematical model of rotor torque and suspension force of the bearingless permanent magnet slice motor is established. Secondly, the structure of sliding mode observer is deduced by designing sliding mode surface and control law. And, the performance parameters of sliding mode observer are optimized by the genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm. Thirdly, electromagnetic torque and suspension force control under this control method is studied by Simulink. Finally, the control method is applied to the control of the blood flow of the blood pump, and the rotation speed can effectively control the blood flow. The results indicate that compared with PID control and traditional sliding mode control methods, the sliding mode control method optimized by the genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm greatly improves the control performance of bearingless permanent magnet slice motor. The results show that the blood flow can meet expectations with a small error, which fully meets the blood perfusion requirements of the blood pump.
Cardiac telerehabilitation under 5G internet of things monitoring: a randomized pilot study
Authors: Li Xiaojie , Zhao Lvheng , Xu Tao , Shi Guofeng , Li Jie , Shuai Wei , Yang Yanqun , Yang Yang , Tian Weiyi , Zhou Yixia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOwing to issues such as time and cost, patients often show poor acceptance of and adherence to center-based cardiac rehabilitation (CBCR), which impacts the effectiveness of rehabilitation. Therefore, there is growing interest in home-based cardiac rehabilitation and cardiac telerehabilitation (CTR), which entail less time and cost than CBCR. This study aimed to compare the changes in physiological and psychological indicators, compliance, and satisfaction after CTR and CBCR. In this single-blind, randomized, controlled trial, the intervention group received CTR via the 5G Internet of Things platform, while the control group received CBCR. Data from 50 patients (age 66.28 ± 4.01 years) with acute myocardial infarction who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention were analyzed. After an intervention period of three months, the maximal oxygen uptake and metabolic equivalent of task were 5.53 ± 0.12 and 19.32 ± 0.17, respectively, in the intervention group, and 4.15 ± 0.13 and 16.52 ± 0.18, respectively, in the control group. After three months of intervention, there were significant differences between the two groups in all observed indicators (p < 0.05), except for low-density lipoprotein and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (p > 0.05). The use of a 5G Internet of Things platform cardiac rehabilitation model effectively improved outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Trials registry: The study protocol was registered at Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR), first trial registration 07/08/2023, identification number ChiCTR2300074435.
A novel preoperative image-guided localization for small pulmonary nodule resection using a claw-suture device
Authors: Wang Lijie , He Jinxian , Zhang Liang , Chen Chengcheng , Chen Biao , Shen Weiyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVideo-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) provides better option concerning pathological diagnosis and curative intention of small pulmonary nodules (SPNs) that are sometimes challenging to localize. We assess the safety and feasibility of a new localization technique for SPNs, and report experience accumulated over time. A retrospective review of the new claw-suture localization cases between February 2018 and May 2023 was performed. Nodules were localized by a novel system that has an anchor claw and a tri-colored suture, guided by computed tomography (CT). Localization and operative procedure outcomes were then assessed. A total of 590 SPNs were localized from 568 patients before operation. The median nodule size was 0.70 cm (range, 0.3–2.0 cm). The claw-suture localization was successful without dislodgment or device fracture in 574 of 590 lesions (97.3%). Failures included not meeting target distance between claw and lesion (n = 13 [2.2%]), and device displacement (n = 3 [0.5%]). Complications requiring no further medical intervention included asymptomatic pneumothorax (n = 68 [11.5%]), parenchymal hemorrhage (n = 51 [8.6%]), and hemothorax (n = 1 [0.2%]) with the exception of pleural reaction observed in 2 cases (0.3%). Additionally, the depth of pulmonary nodules was significantly associated with the occurrence of pneumothorax (P = 0.036) and parenchymal hemorrhage (P = 0.000). The median duration of the localization was 12 min (range, 7–25 min). No patient complained of remarkable pain during the entire procedure. Retrieve of device after operation was 100%. The new localization technique is a safe, feasible, and well-tolerated method to localize SPNs for VATS resection.
Hyperacusis Diagnosis and Management in the United States: Clinical Audiology Practice Patterns
Authors: Jahn Kelly N. , Koach Chelsea E. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
Hyperacusis often leads to debilitating psychosocial consequences, but there is no standard protocol for its diagnosis and management in the United States. In this study, we surveyed U.S. clinical audiologists to understand their education and clinical practices surrounding the evaluation and treatment of hyperacusis.

Method:
An online survey was distributed to clinical audiologists across the United States. Survey responses were quantified using descriptive statistics and inductive content analysis.

Results:
Hyperacusis definitions and clinical practice patterns varied widely across the 102 respondents. Respondents cited a lack of education and training as the primary barrier to effective audiological diagnosis and management of hyperacusis, with most respondents reporting ≤ 5 hr of hyperacusis education. Other primary barriers to effective audiological management of hyperacusis included time constraints, reimbursement, poor sensitivity and specificity of available diagnostic tools, and poor efficacy of available treatments and management strategies. Most respondents (82.5%) agreed that audiologists are the primary professionals who are responsible for implementing hyperacusis interventions. However, 63.3% of respondents reported that their clinic does not have a hyperacusis management protocol, and 80.0% routinely recommend treatment that is outside their scope of practice to implement (cognitive behavioral therapy).

Conclusions:
Clinical audiologists in the United States do not receive uniform education on hyperacusis, and they report multiple barriers to its evidence-based diagnosis and management. Effective hyperacusis management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach. The information obtained via this survey will pave the way toward the refinement of interprofessional education programs and the development of systematic, evidence-based clinical protocols for hyperacusis.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24431188
Internal Atom Exchange in Oxazole Rings: A Blueprint for Azole Scaffold Evaluation
Authors: Cornella Josep , Spinnato Davide , Leutzsch Markus , Wang Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article, we provide a route to transform isoxazoles and oxadiazoles into the corresponding pyrazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles in one step using catalytic amounts of an air-stable Ni(0) complex. The reaction is a formal atom-exchange process at the internal heteroatoms of the aromatic cycle. This work provides a blueprint for reactivity that permits the rapid evaluation of different five-membered azole scaffolds, thus avoiding de novo synthesis of the molecule of interest.
Synthesis of Piperazin-2-one Derivatives via Cascade Double Nucleophilic Substitution
Authors: Petkovic Milos , Savic Vladimir , Kusljevic Dušica , Jovanovic Milos , Jovanovic Predrag , Tasic Gordana , Simic Milena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA cascade, metal-promoted transformation utilizing chloro allenylamide, primary amine, and aryl iodide afforded piperizinones in good yields. Under the optimized conditions the cascade is performed as a one-pot process allowing the formation of three bonds. The synthetic route, controlled by the reaction rates of several processes involved, introduces two points of diversity and is well suited for combinatorial synthesis or related technologies.
The Possible Role of the Superior Sagittal Sinus in Regulating Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics among Preterm Infants: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Andreato Chiara , Uccella Sara , Battaglini Marcella , Pacetti Mattia , Tortora Domenico , Ramenghi Luca A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report the case of a preterm of 27 weeks of gestation who developed posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation associated to a complete thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus, for its peculiar interest in clarifying the physiology of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. The exact CSF volume that must be removed to improve cerebral hemodynamics and outcomes in infants with posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation is unknown. According to Volpe's studies, a volume of 10 to 15 mL/kg/die of body weight is commonly chosen. The subject we report needed an excessive CSF drainage (up to 32 mL/kg/d), in presence of a functioning external ventricular drain. We review the literature on the topic, and we postulate that the superior sagittal sinus may play an active role in the CSF dynamics of the immature brain (as it happens for the adult brain).
A Synthetic Approach for Hepta-Branched β-Cyclodextrins Bearing Heterogeneous Carbohydrate Residues at Their Primary Side via a One-Pot Process with a Simultaneous Click Chemistry Reaction
Authors: Oda Yoshiki , Yamanoi Takashi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, a synthetic approach is reported for generating hepta-branched β-cyclodextrins (CDs) bearing heterogeneous carbohydrate residues at their primary side via a one-pot process with a simultaneous click chemistry reaction. The reactions were performed by reacting two or three different species of 2-propynylated glycosides with a hepta-azide functional β-CD at various reaction molar ratios. 2-Propynylated glycosides acted as heterogeneous carbohydrate sources embedded into a hepta-azide functional β-CD. The simultaneous click chemistry reactions generated several desired β-CD derivatives with varying densities of the heterogeneous carbohydrates in a one-pot process. The article describes the effects of the combination of 2-propynylated glycosides and the reaction molar ratios in the click chemistry reactions.
Visible-Light-Enabled Radical Alkynylborylation of Activated Alkenes
Authors: Xie Jin , Zhu Congjun , Yao Shunruo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA photoredox-catalyzed protocol for performing radical difunctionalization of alkenes using N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) boranes and alkynyl bromines is described. The alkynylborylation difunctionalization reaction involves photoredox generation of boryl radical, with subsequent radical addition to the double bond followed by the capture of alkynyl bromide to form a C–C bond. This method features mild reaction conditions, remarkable chemoselectivity, broad substrate scope and good to excellent yields (up to 89%). The modification of coumarin derivatives indicates that this approach can provide a useful route for the synthesis of complex alkynylborylated products.
Endobronchial Migration of a POD Packing Coil Following Embolization of a Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: McLaughlin Joseph N. , Lamus Daniel , Hegde Siddhi , Kalva Sanjeeva P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe authors report a case of endobronchial migration of a POD packing coil following embolization of a pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm in a patient with cavitary tuberculosis and its successful management by bronchoscopy-assisted removal of the coil. Coil migration may be secondary to continued cough and persistence of a bronchial to pulmonary artery fistula from tuberculous infection and inflammation.