bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
factors predicting glucose and weight response to injectable semaglutide (Ozempic): real-world data from the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists’ audit programme
Authors: Crabtree Tom , Adamson Karen , Bickerton Alex , Evans Alison , Phillips Suzanne , Gallagher Alison , Larsen Niels , Barnes Dennis , Dhatariya Ketan , Field Benjamin CT , Idris Iskander , Ryder Robert EJ 
Published: December 2023

Background: Previous randomised controlled trials have observed individual differences in response to Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP1RA) according to baseline characteristics such as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and weight. The Association of British Clinical Diabetologists (ABCD) launched a nationwide UK audit in January 2019 to assess the clinical utility, efficacy and safety of injectable semaglutide in routine practice. The aim of this analysis was to investigate associations between baseline characteristics and HbA1c and weight reductions with semaglutide in real-world use.
Methods: Data were extracted from the secure online tool and individuals who had baseline and follow-up data available within a defined 6 (3-9) month window were included. Variables were assessed as both continuous variables and categorical variables in a multivariate regression model. Missing data were multiply imputed.
Results: In total, 620 individuals were included. Baseline characteristics: (mean±SD) age was 58.7±10.7 years, HbA1c 81.6±18.5 mmol/mol (9.5±1.7%), weight 108.2±24.2 kg and body mass index (BMI) 37.6±7.6 kg/m2. Median diabetes duration was 11.2 years (IQR 6.6-16) and 50.5% (313/620) of subjects were male. The median follow-up time was 0.5 years. HbA1c reduced by 14.9 mmol/mol (95% CI 13.5, 16.1) [-1.4% (95% CI - 1.2, -1.5)]; p<0.001; and weight reduced by 4.2kg (95% CI 3.6, 4.8; p<0.001). Higher HbA1c, younger age and GLP1RA naïvety were associated with larger HbA1c reduction. Higher baseline weight/BMI and GP1RA naïvety were associated with larger weight reduction.
Conclusion: In this real-world study, baseline HbA1c and weightwere important predictors of HbA1c and weight reduction outcomes following initiation of semaglutide in routine clinical practice. Our data mirror existing randomised controlled trial data, but further evidence is being collected over a longer follow-up period.
The Effect of the Toothbrushing and Surface Treatments on the Surface Roughness of Interim Crown Materials Used for Conventional, Subtractive, and Additive Manufacturing Techniques: An in Vitro Study
Authors: BOZOĞULLARI Hatice Nalan , KÖROĞLU Ayşegül , ŞAHİN Onur , İZZETAĞA Beşar 
Published: December 2023

Background: This study aimed to compare the effect of the surface treatment and toothbrushing abrasion on the surface roughness of interim crown material specimens manufactured using conventional, subtractive, and additive processing techniques.
Material and methods: 80 disk-shaped specimens were prepared from 4 different interim crown materials; one auto-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA);(IM) and one bis-acryl composite resin;(AC) for conventional technique, one computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) PMMA block;(TC) for subtractive process, one 3-dimensionally (3D) printed resin;(CB) for additive process. Specimens of each interim crown material were divided into two subgroups according to applied surface treatments; conventional polishing or surface sealant agent coupling (n=10). The surface roughness values of specimens before (Ra0) and after 10,000 cycles of toothbrushing (Ra1) were measured with a profilometer. Data were statistically analyzed.
Results: The polished groups of all interim crown materials showed significantly higher Ra0 values compared to the sealant groups before toothbrushing (p˂0.05). While the polished IM groups exhibited the highest Ra0 value (0.44±0.08), the sealed TC groups exhibited the lowest Ra0 value (0.23±0.06). The Ra values of all material groups increased after simulated 1-year toothbrushing. While the polished IM group exhibited the highest Ra1 value (0.45±0.14), the sealed CB group had the lowest Ra1 value (0.31±0.09).
Conclusion: It was observed that toothbrushing caused an increase in the surface roughness of all interim materials. The application of a surface sealant agent to these materials is more effective than polishing to reduce surface roughness. Sealed 3D printed resin for additive process exhibited the lowest mean roughness value after toothbrushing.
Keywords: Additive Manufactured, Interim Crown Material, Roughness, Subtractive Manufactured, Toothbrushing Abrasion
The Size of the Household of Šiauliai Parish Residents in the First Half of the 19th Century (According to the Data of the Visitations)
Authors: Giedrimas Laurynas 
Published: December 2023

The article aims to reveal the possibilities of the data contained in the parish visitations in determining the average household size of the residents of Šiauliai parish. Firstly, the data on visitations allows us to learn about the number of residents who came to catholic confession and those who did not come to catholic confession. Secondly, the source allows us to learn about the number of households in all parish settlements. The data is important for calculating the number of residents in the settlements and in the whole parish. The data on the number of residents allows us to calculate the size of the households in separate settlements and in the whole parish. Moreover, this data can be used for the reconstruction of parish geographical territory. On the other hand, the data on parish visitations can be incorrect as usually statistical information was rewritten from the earlier sources. Considering Šiauliai catholic parish visitations, it should be noted that later visitations were rewritten from the visitations of the year 1820, thus this research only deals with the situation of the year 1820. The analysis revealed that the geographical territory of Šiauliai parish has not significantly changed since the middle of the 17th century. Also, those settlements that were the largest in terms of population in the middle of the 17th century, remained the largest in the first half of the 19th century. After calculating the ratio of those who went to confession and those who did not go, it was found that in the visitations of Šiauliai parish, only the number of Catholics was given, and in some settlements far from the center of the parish, there was a high number of those who did not go to confessions, most likely it indicates pastoral problems, and not the population of other denominations. On average, 9.7 people lived in one household in Šiauliai parish, 7.98 lived in Šiauliai city, 14.5 lived in Kužiai town, and 11.35 lived in Meškuičiai town. After comparing the results of the research with the data of other cities and towns, it can be said that larger cities were characterized by smaller households, while small towns were characterized by larger households. Meanwhile, it is not easy to compare the obtained research results with the household data of the Central and Eastern European population, because the research results are highly dependent on the concept of the household. Nevertheless, it can be said that the average household size of Šiauliai parish was close to the household size of the residents of Nereta (Latvia).
In the Footsteps of Publishing of Motiejus Valančius’ „Vaikų knygelė“
Authors: Maskuliūnienė Džiuljeta 
Published: December 2023

1868 was a fateful year for Lithuanian children’s literature, as two books by Samogitian Bishop Motiejaus Valančius (1801–1875) appeared: "Vaikų knygelė" (Engl. Children’s Book) and "Paaugusių žmonių knygelė" (Engl. Adolescence Book). They mark the beginning of literature for Lithuanian children and teenagers. This is evidenced not only by the symbolic titles of both books, which indicate the addressee – children and teenagers, young people. It is important that Valančius thinks about a specific reader – a child, so in the Foreword of the "Vaikų knygelė" he hopes that “children will not regret while reading” his book, that is, they will not get bored. The author thinks that children while reading Aukso altorius (Engl. Golden Altar) only find prayers and litanies, however, they want to learn about interesting things to tell others, and if they do not find such things, “sometimes they can’t even learn”. Therefore, it is necessary to read special books for children in the post-elementary period. It was a modern approach in those times, which is not outdated even today.
The article aims to discuss the publishing path of Valančius’ "Vaikų knygelė" as well as the most important modifications (textual and visual) this collection of didactic short stories underwent. The article analyses the following aspects: 1) issues of selection of texts and their presentation; 2) preservation of the dimension of authenticity of texts; 3) what was the presentation of the texts of Valančius’ "Vaikų knygelė" written in dialect over time.
It is very important to emphasize that the linguistic expression of Valančius’ works, especially the stylistic layer, is an interesting phenomenon in all Lithuanian literature. Paradoxically, when the reissues were published, the stylistic layer of the works was often affected, the dialect was levelled, so a considerable part of the authentic layer, the exotic whiff of didactic prose of the 19th century, was “erased”. The interdisciplinary research approach is employed in the present research, the perspectives of literary studies, textology and art studies are combined: it is based on the scientific insights of the literary expert and textologist Paulius Subačius, the analysis of the illustrations of various editions of Valančiaus’ "Vaikų knygelė" by the art critic Ingrida Korsakaitė, the considerations of the literary researcher Vanda Zaborskaitė on the aesthetic value of the archaic nature of Valančius’ text, etc.
Semiotics of the Sensible: From Sensation to Intuition
Authors: Fontanille Jacques 
Published: December 2023

Classifying semiotic systems by the sensory channels employed to communicate them is simple, but specious: we thus fail to inquire into that which is actually semiotic about different types of sensory experience. In order to explicate their distinctive semiotic properties, these sensory types – touch, hearing, vision, olfaction, sensomotorics – need to be interrogated as phenomena. This way, each of the semiotic sensible modes shall be characterized by a specific field of presence. Schematic forms of the sensible thus obtained will give rise to a typology of sensible “bodies” – the envelope-body, the cavity-body, the point-body, the flesh-body – as well as to a typology of their “dynamics” (deformation, intimate movements etc.) and, finally, to a typology of semiotic “imprints” which these dynamics give rise to. Next, we should interrogate the possibilities of employing such typologies in concrete analyses.
Our primary presupposition is that, in most cases, objects of analysis – text, painting, film, choreography etc. – are multisensory, and thus the task of their explanation involves an articulation of several sensible modes. This kind of articulation is decisive for interpretation. The case of artworks is very suggestive in this sense: for example, in a painting, the same “visual” substances of expression can give rise to both a figurative and iconic presentation, grounded in the typical field of visuality, and to a plastic dimension which brings forth other types of field – somatic, affective, symbolic, or mythical.
This means that the articulation of sensible modes is the object of a second-order schematization – the schematization of a trans-sensible dimension, wherein intuition produces schematic forms that become expressions for contents not directly determined by sensory modes. The trans-sensible dimension activates syntheses of sensible modes; as we have learned from Kant, these syntheses are not of the conceptual order: they are activated in intuition, make use of the imagination, and are always contained in the sensible order which is both sensory and emotional.
Keanekaragaman Makroinvertebrata di Sungai Kampai, Bengkulu
Authors: Singkam Abdul Rahman , Pathori Moh Aziz , Ansori Irwandi , Chitheer Talib 
Published: December 2023

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata di Sungai Kampai, Bengkulu. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga stasiun, yaitu Muara Simpur, Pagar Agung, dan Lubuk Gio dengan dua kali periode sampling setiap stasiun, yaitu April 2019 mengikuti puncak musim hujan dan September 2019 mengikuti puncak musim kemarau. Pengambilan sampel makroinvertebrata menggunakan metode three minutes sampling. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 501 individu makroinvertebrata yang terdiri dari 25 spesies (24 genus; 22 famili; 5 kelas; 4 filum). Epeourus aculeatus merupakan spesies dengan kelimpahan relatif tertinggi secara keseluruhan, yaitu sebesar 62,08%. Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) berturut-turut adalah 1,72; 1,13; 1,80 mengindikasikan bahwa Sungai Kampai mengalami degradasi ringan. Jumlah individu Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, dan Trichoptera (EPT) per stasiun dari hulu ke hilir adalah 128; 196; dan 20 dengan Indeks Biotik Famili (IBF) adalah 3,34; 4; dan 4. Berdasarkan gabungan dari beberapa indeks ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi Sungai Kampai masih tergolong sangat baik.AbstractThis research aims to analyze macroinvertebrate diversity in the Kampai River, Bengkulu. Sampling was carried out at three stations, namely Muara Simpur, Pagar Agung, and Lubuk Gio with two sampling periods for each station, namely April 2019 following the peak of the rainy season and September 2019 following the peak of the dry season. Macroinvertebrate sampling used the three minutes sampling method. The research results found 501 macroinvertebrate individuals consisting of 25 species (24 genera; 22 families; 5 classes; 4 phyla). Epeourus aculeatus is the species with the highest relative abundance overall, namely 62.08%. The diversity index (H') is 1.72; 1.13; 1.80 indicates that the Kampai River is experiencing mild degradation. The number of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) individuals per station from upstream to downstream is 128; 196; and 20 with a Biotic Family Index (IBF) of 3.34; 4; and 4. Based on a combination of several indices, it shows that the condition of the Kampai River is still considered very good.
Kajian Morfologi dan Hubungan Panjang Dengan Berat Udang Mantis, Harpiosquilla raphidea (Fabricius, 1798)
Authors: Oktaviani Nurul , Kartika Winda Dwi , Wulandari Tia , Shalehati Fitriya 
Published: December 2023

AbstrakUdang mantis (Harpiosquilla raphidea) memiliki karakter morfologi yang berbeda dengan jenis udang lainnya. Selain itu H. raphidea dikenal sebagai hewan air yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi, khususnya di kawasan mangrove Tanjung Jabung Barat Provinsi Jambi. Pemanfaatan H. raphidea secara ekonomis dianggap perlu diselaraskan dengan kajian morfologi, khususnya yang terkait dengan hubungan panjang dan berat untuk mendukung nilai jual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis morfologi dan pola pertumbuhan H. raphidea. Sampel dikoleksi dari perairan mangrove Pangkal Babu Desa Tungkal 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat. Analisis morfologi menunjukkan bahwa H. raphidea memiliki ciri khas yaitu adanya maksiliped (lengan predator) bercakar tajam dan tidak terdapat perbedaan morfologi antara individu jantan dan betina. H. raphidea yang paling banyak dikoleksi berukuran 168–203mm. Pola pertumbuhan H. raphidea adalah alometrik negatif yang artinya pertambahan panjang lebih cepat dibandingkan pertambahan beratnya baik untuk individu jantan maupun betina. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hubungan panjang dan berat H. raphidea dari Perairan Pangkal Babu Tanjung Jabung Barat menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan yang sejalan dengan H. raphidea dari kawasan perairan lainnya di Indonesia.AbstractMantis shrimp (Harpiosquilla raphidea) has morphological characteristics that are different from other types of shrimp. Apart from that, H. raphidea is known as an aquatic animal that has high economic value, especially in the West Tanjung Jabung mangrove area, Jambi Province. The economic use of H. raphidea is considered to need to be harmonized with morphological studies, especially those related to the relationship between length and weight to support selling value. This study aims to analyze the morphology and growth patterns of H. raphidea. Samples were collected from the mangrove waters of Pangkal Babu, Tungkal 1 Tanjung Jabung Barat Village. Morphological analysis shows that H. raphidea has distinctive characteristics, namely the presence of maxilipeds (predatory arms) with sharp claws and there are no morphological differences between male and female individuals. The most commonly collected H. raphidea measures 168–203mm. The growth pattern of H. raphidea is negative allometric, which means that the increase in length is faster than the increase in weight for both male and female individuals. So it can be concluded that the relationship between length and weight of H. raphidea from the Pangkal Babu waters of West Tanjung Jabung shows a growth pattern that is in line with H. raphidea from other water areas in Indonesia.
Hubungan Kekerabatan Padi Lokal di Kecamatan Teluk Batang Kabupaten Kayong Utara, Kalimantan Barat Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi
Authors: Apriliani Lipia , Ifadatin Siti , Wardoyo Elvi Rusmiyanto Pancaning 
Published: December 2023

AbstrakOryza sativa memiliki banyak varietas yang merupakan sumber gen untuk mengendalikan sifat-sifat penting pada padi. Varietas padi lokal memiliki keunggulan seperti tahan terhadap hawar daun bakteri, blas daun, dan kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan varietas padi lokal di Kecamatan Teluk Batang Kabupaten Kayong Utara berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April hingga September 2022 di lahan petani. Pengamatan terhadap 50 karakter morfologi batang, daun, malai, dan gabah/biji dilakukan selama pertumbuhan tanaman di lahan petani. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 12 varietas padi lokal yang semuanya merupakan padi Gogo/Ladang. Karakter vegetatif sebanyak 23 karakter yang terdiri dari 9 karakter bervariasi, 8 karakter tidak bervariasi, dan 6 karakter kuantitatif. Karakter generatif terdiri dari 27 karakter meliputi 14 karakter bervariasi, 5 karakter tidak bervariasi, dan 8 karakter kuantitatif. Berdasarkan analisis pengelompokan 12 varietas padi lokal memiliki tingkat kemiripan sebesar 60% dan terbagi menjadi 4 klaster pada tingkat kemiripan 64%. Klaster 1 terdiri dari varietas Padi Hitam (PH); klaster 2 yaitu Padi Merah (PM), Padi Serendah (PSE), Padi Lele (PL), Padi Rapi (PR), Raja Lele (RJ), dan Pulut Merah (PUM); klaster 3 yaitu padi Panda (PP), Umbang Wangi (UW), dan Umbang Ketupat (UK): klaster 4 yaitu Pulut Siam (PS) dan Pulut Minyak (PMI).Kata Kunci: Karakter morfologi; Kekerabatan; Padi lokal; Teluk BatangAbstractOryza sativa has many varieties which are sources of genes for controlling important traits in rice. Local rice varieties have advantages such as resistance to bacterial leaf blight, leaf blast and drought. This research aims to determine the relationship between local rice varieties in Teluk Batang District, North Kayong Regency based on morphological characters. The research was conducted from April to September 2022 on farmers' land. Observations of 50 morphological characters of stems, leaves, panicles and grain/seeds were carried out during plant growth on farmers' land. The research results obtained 12 local rice varieties, all of which are upland/field rice. There are 23 vegetative characters consisting of 9 varied characters, 8 unvaried characters and 6 quantitative characters. Generative characters consist of 27 characters including 14 varying characters, 5 non-varying characters, and 8 quantitative characters. Based on the grouping analysis, 12 local rice varieties have a similarity level of 60% and are divided into 4 clusters at a similarity level of 64%. Cluster 1 consists of Black rice varieties (PH), cluster 2 is Red rice (PM), Sedunia rice (PSE), Lele rice (PL), Rapi rice (PR), Raja lele (RJ), and Red pulut (PUM) , cluster 3 namely Panda rice (PP), Umbang wangi (UW), and Umbang ketupat (UK), cluster 4 namely Pulut siam (PS) and Pulut oli (PMI).
Phenomenon of suppression of estrogen signaling in breast cancer cells under ultraviolet irradiation: role of Snail proteins
Authors: Sorokin D. V. , Andreeva O.  E. , Scherbakov A. M. , Salnikova D. I. , Gudkova M. V. , Krasil’nikov M. A. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The study of the effect of irradiation or any other DNA-damaging agents on the sensitivity of tumors to conservative therapy, drug or hormonal, is among the most imporant tasks that determine the efficiency of combined therapy of cancer patients.Aim. To investigate the effect of irradiation on the activity of key signaling proteins and the level of hormone dependence of breast cancer cells.Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on in vitro cultured estrogen-dependent MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in the range of 254 nm with the intensity of 25–50 J/m2 was used as an experimental model to study the response of tumor cells to DNA damage. Cell growth rate was determined using the MTT test, cell survival after irradiation was analyzed using the colony-forming test. Estrogen receptor transcriptional activity was determined by reporter assay; cellular protein expression was determined by immunoblotting.Results. Single UV irradiation of MCF-7 cells leads to a marked increase in the level of apoptotic markers: p53, cPARP, suppression of expression of growth signaling proteins: CDK4/6 and estrogen receptor α (ERα). The above changes are accompanied with an increase in phosphorylation of Akt protein kinase and a marked increase in the expression of Snail1, one of the key proteins of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In UV-resistant MCF-7/UVR cell subline obtained under repeated irradiation cycles, the levels of apoptotic and growth signaling proteins (p53, cPARP, CDK4/6) return to control levels, except for the phosphorylated form of Akt and Snail1, whose content remains high. Transfection of Snail1-expressing plasmid into MCF-7 cells is accompanied by activation of apoptotic signaling, suppression of ERα activity, and development of partial hormone resistance; however, the sensitivity of cells to irradiation is practically unchanged. Transfection of microRNA-181a-2, one of the microRNAs associated with cell resistance, simultaneously activates Akt and Snail1 and leads to the development of cross-resistance of cells to irradiation and hormonal drugs.Conclusion. The obtained data allow us to consider irradiation-induced Snail1 activation as one of the factors involved in deregulation of estrogen signaling and formation of cell resistance to hormonal drugs, while simultaneous activation of Akt and Snail1 is accompanied by the development of cross-resistance to irradiation and hormonal drugs.