bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LEGAL POLITICS OF EASING THE ADMISSION OF FOREIGN WORKERS UNDER LAW NO. 11/2020 ON JOB CREATION
Authors: Pardosi Gabriel Tryogi Rahmadi , Jamil  
Published: October 2023

The Indonesian government drafted a law on job creation using the omnibus law method and is effective on November 2, 2020, which aims to regulate job creation attempts that are expected to accommodate Indonesian workers in the midst of competitive competition. There is a statement that the Omnibus law was approved to allow foreign workers into Indonesia freely, which is incorrect statement. In fact, in Article 89 regarding the amendment to Article 42 Paragraph 1 of Law No. 13/2003, there are requirements for hiring foreign workers in Indonesia. The article states that every employer who employs foreign workers must have an endorsement of the plan for the use of foreign workers from the central government. Therefore, this research aims to find out the legal politics of easing the admission of foreign workers after the issuance of the Law on job creation and legal protection of Indonesian workers after the issuance of the Law. This research is descriptive normative research which used legal doctrines, legal issues and legal principles related to the research topic. There are several results from the research, such as (1) the existence of regulations that regulate the easing of foreign workers after the issuance of Law No. 11/2020 on job creation, which consists of Articles 42, 44, 46; (2) the existence of legal politics in the easing of foreign workers in Indonesia, by prioritizing the interests of companies in using foreign workers; (3) prioritizing the rights of local workers in getting jobs easily.
El aprendizaje social en la Educación Primaria. Una aproximación teórico-conceptual
Authors: Rodríguez-Alfonso Giosbel , Torres-Barrero Leodanis 
Published: October 2023

El presente trabajo propone una aproximación teórico-conceptual al aprendizaje social como parte de la educación. Estilo de aprendizaje que ha ido ganando terreno en la actualidad, el cual se ha convertido en un agente principal del proceso de socialización en la construcción del conocimiento dentro de las instituciones educativas cubanas como parte del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Para ello, se ha utilizado la revisión bibliográfica, como una vía para determinar las principales tendencias o enfoques que los diferentes autores han utilizado para abordar la materia. El resultado de la exploración de los diferentes estados del arte que sustentan este trabajo, demuestra que el objeto de estudio tiene una mayor aproximación desde las ciencias psicológicas. Por tanto, existe la necesidad de seguir profundizando desde otras ciencias, las cuales le aporten a las Ciencias Pedagógicas nuevas herramientas que le permita elevar la calidad del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje a planos superiores y a su vez contribuya con la formación integral del educando. El proceso de sistematización realizado sobre aprendizaje social, posibilitó profundizar en los diferentes criterios que abordan los autores, descubrir un conocimiento explícito, cada vez más creciente, sobre la necesidad de incluir desde la teoría y la práctica la aplicación del aprendizaje social como vía para favorecer el proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje.
Palabras clave:
Aprendizaje social, educación primaria, proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.

ABSTRACT
This work proposes a theoretical-conceptual approach to social learning as part of the education. This learning style has gained aproval nowadays. It has taken a main role in the socialization process in the knowladge construction within the cuban educational institutions as part of the teaching-learning process. For archieving this goal we have used to deal with this topic. The result of the exploration of the different state of the art that sustain this work, show that the object of study has a greater aproximation from the psicological sciences. So there is a need to continue deepening about this topic from other science viewpoints which give the pedagogical science new tolos that help to elevate the quality of the teaching-learning process and at the some time contribute to the integral formation of the students. The process of sistematization developed about social learning helped to deepen in the different viewpoints that the authors present, descouver an explicit knowladge, that keeps growing over the necessity of the application of social learning from the theory and practice as a way to favor the teaching-learning process.
Keywords:
Social learning, Primary education, process teaching-learning.
DUKUNGAN YANG DIBUTUHKAN DALAM IMPLEMENTASI JABATAN FUNGSIONAL PENILAI PEMERINTAH DI LINGKUNGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH BERDASAR PENDEKATAN ANALISIS USG
Authors: Widiantoro Jundi , Prasetiya Utama Ibung , Januar Arifiana Fitriana 
Published: October 2023

Salah satu wujud Jabatan Fungsional terbuka yang memungkinkan ada di instansi Pusat maupun Instansi Daerah adalah Jabatan Fungsional Penilai Pemerintah (JFPP) dimana di lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah juga telah ada JFPP untuk mendukung proses pengelolaan BMD. Selaku Instansi Pembina, Kementerian Keuangan c.q. DJKN perlu memitigasi berbagai persoalan terkait dukungan yang di butuhkan para JFPP di Instansi Daerah (lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah) agar kemudian tidak menimbulkan masalah/ganjalan dalam implementasi fungsionalisasi jabatan Penilai Pemerintah. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk menyajikan bentuk dukungan apa saja yang sekiranya dibutuhkan JFPP di lingkungan Pemda dalam implementasi fungsional penilai di kondisi saat ini, berikut memetakan dukungan yang paling mendesak, serius dan mempunyai potensi meluas jika tidak segera diatasi, untuk segera dipenuhi dan dicari alternatif solusi guna mendukung efektivitas pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi fungsional Penilai Pemerintah dalam kondisi saat ini.
Kajian ini menghimpun data melalui kuesioner yang ditujukan kepada JFPP Penilai di lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah, sementara dan analisis yang digunakan dalam kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis Urgency, Seriousness, Growth (USG). Berdasarkan hasil penjumlahan pada penilaian Urgency, Seriousness, dan Growth (USG) didapatkan hasil bahwa aspek “belum tersedia prasarana yang dapat membantu menghitung capaian angka kredit JFPP” menjadi aspek prioritas pertama yang dibutuhkan oleh JFPP di lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah yang perlu didukung untuk ditindaklanjuti/diatasi. Selanjutnya, kiranya perlu disiapkan konstruksi kebijakan untuk mengantisipasi masalah terkait berbagai dukungan yang dibutuhkan oleh JFPP di lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah sesuai urutan prioritas yang paling mendesak, serius dan mempunyai potensi meluas jika tidak segera diatasi.
TINGKAT SEWA PADA TANAH KOSONG DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Santoso  
Published: October 2023

Perbandingan antara harga sewa atas tanah dengan harga jualnya disebut dengan tingkat sewa tanah. Di Provinsi DKI Jakarta, harga sewa tanah kosong cenderung mengikuti harga jualnya. Pola ini menjadi penting untuk dianalisis lebih lanjut guna mengetahui tingkat sewanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase tingkat sewa atas tanah kosong. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis statistik deskriptif dengan membandingkan harga sewa atas tanah kosong dengan harga jual pada tanah lain pada area yang sama. Dengan menggunakan 49 data harga sewa dan harga jual atas tanah kosong pada tahun 2021, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa secara statistik rata-rata tingkat sewa pada tanah kosong tersebut adalah sebesar 1,33% (ceteris paribus). Secara empiris, hubungan antara harga jual tanah kosong tidak membentuk pola yang spesifik dengan tingkat sewanya.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA KARYAWAN PT. BPR BKK PATI (PERSERODA) DI PATI
Authors: Mayasari Isti 
Published: October 2023

Karyawan merupakan aset perusahaan yang sangat berharga yang harus dikelola dengan baik oleh perusahaan agar dapat memberikan kontribusi yang optimal. Dalam bekerja karyawan harus dapat merasakan kenyamanan, dihargai, bisa mengembangkan segala potensi yang mereka miliki, sehingga secara otomatis karyawan dapat fokus dan berkonsentrasi secara penuh serta dapat berprestasi dalam pekerjaannya.
Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT.BPR BKK Pati (Perseroda) di pati sebanyak 33 orang dan sampelnya sebanyak 33 orang sehingga penelitian ini disebut sensus. Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu regresi berganda, uji t dan koefisien determinasi dengan bantuan program SPSS.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik individu mempunyai pengaruh yang positif terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan PT.BPR BKK Pati. Lingkungan kerja juga mempunyai pengaruh yang positif terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan PT.BPR BKK Pati.
Steganography, phylogenetics and Flickr
Authors: Mounce Ross 
Published: October 2023

How best to link the figure, to the paper &amp; the underlying data? Whilst visiting EBI, Hinxton yesterday, Robert Hanson (computational chemist) reminded me of an interesting hack you can do to embed data in images. Back in 2010 it was widely reported that people were using Flickr to transmit data (secretly) in images.
The Portuguese law on Surrogacy – Promises and Perils
Authors: Araújo Marisa Almeida 
Published: October 2023

After years of intense debate, on August 22, 2016 the Portuguese Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) Law was altered, and altruistic gestational surrogacy was made legal in Portugal. Although the journey has not been easy since then. The Portuguese Constitutional Court was called twice (in 2018 and 2019) to analyse the legal provisions of the surrogacy legal regime. The judges concluded that altruistic surrogacy was not in violation of the Portuguese Constitution, although the legal solution, and later amendment, was, in some of its provisions, unconstitutional. The judges found that the law needed to guarantee the right of the surrogate to regret the arrangement after the child was born. Considering the rulings of the Constitutional Court, surrogacy contracts in Portugal are not enforceable and the surrogate can, after the child is born, revoke her consent and become the legal mother of the child. The Parliament altered the Law accordingly in 2021, although, for the time being, it is still to be regulated.
Using qualitative methods, including legal, and bioethical analyses and a review of literature, this paper introduces an overview of the Portuguese legal solution on surrogacy and discusses, in particular, the right to regret of the surrogate after the child is born. The conclusion is that the Portuguese law on surrogacy does not yet have a clear and needed position about who are, in fact, the parents or mother(s) of the child in contested surrogacy contracts if the surrogate regrets the arrangement and revokes her consent after the child is born.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal related morbidity and its perceived impact on health among pregnant women in a tertiary centre
Authors: Osazee K  , Nnakwe LM  , Iribhogbe OI  
Published: October 2023

Background: Pregnancy is a physiological condition associated with musculoskeletal symptoms of which the site, perception, severity, effect on the quality of life and treatment vary in individuals.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal morbidity, its relationship with socio-clinical characteristics, perception, and impact on the quality of life of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital.
Results: Four hundred antenatal women participated in this study; 146 (48.7%) experienced musculoskeletal problems during the index pregnancy. Most respondents (51.3%) were 31-40 years (mean 31.9±5.6). For those who experienced problems, the onset of symptoms was highest (49.3%) in 3rd trimester, and the majority (76%) had tertiary education. The most typical problem was pelvic pain (48.8%); the most common predisposing factor was previous trauma (100%). Most (72.6%) perceived symptoms as moderate pain that affected their quality of life. Treatment was majorly rest (47.5%), 59.4% had their symptoms relieved, and 76.3% were satisfied with their treatment.
Conclusion: This study showed a prevalence of approximately 50%, with the commonest predisposing factor being previous trauma and pelvic pain being the most common problem. Therefore, Clinicians should be aware of the musculoskeletal problems in otherwise healthy pregnant women and manage them appropriately.
Da saturação ao colapso: a ‘cruel pedagogia’ da Covid-19 para o setor turístico
Authors: Felix Felipe Gonçalves , De Souza Maria Julieta Nunes 
Published: October 2023

O objetivo central deste texto é trazer reflexões iniciais sobre os efeitos da crise sanitária e social provocada pela pandemia da Covid-19 no setor turístico. Inicialmente, são abordados aspectos do cenário ‘pré-pandemia’ em cidades emblemáticas como Barcelona (Espanha), Lisboa (Portugal) e Veneza (Itália), onde emergiram conflitos associados a impactos sociais, ambientais e urbanos provocados pelo chamado overtourism –traduzido como ‘saturação turística’. Para tanto, utilizou-se parte dos resultados de pesquisa de doutoramento, desenvolvida entre 2015 e 2019, que abordou a problemática das cidades turisticamente saturadas, enfocando o caso de Barcelona. A segunda parte do artigo enfoca os efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 no turismo global, particularmente em localidades e países onde esta atividade possui significativa participação na arrecadação de receita e na geração de empregos. Em diálogo com autores de diversos campos do conhecimento, tais como David Harvey, José Luis Fiori , Alexandre Panosso Netto, dentre outros, a reflexão centra nas formulações de Boaventura de Sousa Santos sobre ‘a cruel pedagogia do coronavírus’, para traçar um paralelo com as questões que envolvem o turismo. Buscou-se, desse modo, aprofundar os desafios da transição do modelo turístico dominante - que produziu em diversas realidades um quadro de saturação e economia de alta dependência por receitas geradas por esta atividade, para um novo modelo, que articule diversificação econômica, política urbana e planejamento turístico orientado ao bem-estar social e à conservação do patrimônio natural e cultural.
Turistas brasileiros: Quem são? Onde vivem? Quanto consomem?
Authors: Santos Glauber Eduardo De Oliveira 
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho objetiva estimar estatísticas abrangentes, consistentes e atualizadas acerca das dimensões do turismo nacional (emissivo e doméstico) no Brasil. Essas informações descritivas são desenvolvidas a partir dos microdados da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2017-2018 do IBGE. O consumo turístico nacional é quantificado pelo volume das despesas turísticas das famílias brasileiras. São apresentadas estimativas da despesa média, bem como do consumo turístico agregado das famílias. A dimensão do consumo é associada a aspectos demográficos e socioeconômicos. Os resultados revelam que o acesso ao consumo de viagens turísticas no Brasil é profundamente desigual. A desigualdade está associada principalmente à renda. Outras variáveis relevantes são o grau de instrução, a localização do domicílio, cor ou raça, sexo, composição familiar e o tamanho da família. A despesa turística agregada anual estimada é de R$ 90,7 bilhões. A maior parte do turismo nacional é representado por famílias da região Sudeste, com 2 a 4 pessoas, 2 adultos com ou sem crianças, formadas exclusivamente por pessoas brancas, chefiadas por homens com ensino superior, e com renda mensal acima de 10 salários mínimos.
Machine learning algorithms accurately identify free-living marine nematode species
Authors: Brito de Jesus Simone , Vieira Danilo , Gheller Paula , Cunha Beatriz P. , Gallucci Fabiane , Fonseca Gustavo 
Published: October 2023

Background
Identifying species, particularly small metazoans, remains a daunting challenge and the phylum Nematoda is no exception. Typically, nematode species are differentiated based on morphometry and the presence or absence of certain characters. However, recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning (ML) algorithms, offer promising solutions for automating species identification, mostly in taxonomically complex groups. By training ML models with extensive datasets of accurately identified specimens, the models can learn to recognize patterns in nematodes’ morphological and morphometric features. This enables them to make precise identifications of newly encountered individuals. Implementing ML algorithms can improve the speed and accuracy of species identification and allow researchers to efficiently process vast amounts of data. Furthermore, it empowers non-taxonomists to make reliable identifications. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of ML algorithms in identifying species of free-living marine nematodes, focusing on two well-known genera: Acantholaimus Allgén, 1933 and Sabatieria Rouville, 1903.

Methods
A total of 40 species of Acantholaimus and 60 species of Sabatieria were considered. The measurements and identifications were obtained from the original publications of species for both genera, this compilation included information regarding the presence or absence of specific characters, as well as morphometric data. To assess the performance of the species identification four ML algorithms were employed: Random Forest (RF), Stochastic Gradient Boosting (SGBoost), Support Vector Machine (SVM) with both linear and radial kernels, and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithms.

Results
For both genera, the random forest (RF) algorithm demonstrated the highest accuracy in correctly classifying specimens into their respective species, achieving an accuracy rate of 93% for Acantholaimus and 100% for Sabatieria, only a single individual from Acantholaimus of the test data was misclassified.

Conclusion
These results highlight the overall effectiveness of ML algorithms in species identification. Moreover, it demonstrates that the identification of marine nematodes can be automated, optimizing biodiversity and ecological studies, as well as turning species identification more accessible, efficient, and scalable. Ultimately it will contribute to our understanding and conservation of biodiversity.
Do phosphogypsum combined with Organic Amendments improve Rice Growth in a Saline Environment?
Authors: Sagna Yves Paterne , Diedhiou Sire , Goudiaby Arfang Ousmane Kemo , Diatta Yaya , Diallo Mariama Dalanda , Ndoye Ibrahima , Fall Saliou 
Published: October 2023

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of organo-mineral amendments on rice growth under saline stress conditions.
Study Design: A 3x8 factorial block design was adopted, with 3 concentration levels: 0, 1.94 and 3.88 g/l NaCl and 8 different amendments: control, phosphogypsum (Phos), compost (C), biochar (B), Phos+C, Phos+B, B+C and Phos+B+C. This system was repeated 3 times in 3 blocks. Organics amendments were applied at a rate of 5 kg/m² and 0,2 kg/m² for phosphogypsum.
Place and Duration of Study: The trial was conducted from April to June 2021 on the farm of the Agroforestry Department of the Assane SECK University of Ziguinchor, located at 12°32 - 88' N, 16°17 - 23' W, in the Ziguinchor region.
Methodology: After two months of cultivation under semi-controlled conditions, growth parameters were measured. In fact, the survival rate is obtained by counting the number of plants that have survived, and the height of the plants is determined using a graduated ruler. The number of tillers was obtained by counting the number of branches and the diameter using a caliper at the base of the crown. Root and above-ground biomass were determined by weighing the plants after 72 hours of oven-drying at 70°C.
Results: For the amended treatments, plant survival rate was 100% compared with unamended controls, where plant survival decreased with increasing salinity, with rate of 96, 80 and 70% corresponding to 0; 1,94 and 3,88 g/l NaCl respectively. The number of tillers, crown diameter and above-ground and root biomass of the plants were significantly higher (pr < 0,001) for compost amendments alone (C) and those combined with compost: B+C, Phos+C, Phos+B+C, regardless of the salinity level.
Conclusion: The combined use of organic and chemical amendments could enable farmers to restore salinity-affected soils and improve rice growth.
Cross‐Scale Imperfect Data‐Based Composite H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ Control of Nonlinear Two‐Time‐Scale Systems
Authors: Liu Xiaomin , Yu Mengjun , Feng Kun , Li Gonghe , Zhou Linna , Wang Haoyu , Yang Chunyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUtilizing the cross‐scale imperfect data, the reinforcement learning (RL) composite control of nonlinear two‐time‐scale (TTS) systems is proposed in the presence of unknown slow dynamics. First, with the feat of singular perturbation theory (SPT), the original control problem is decomposed and rearranged into standard fast and slow subproblems that have no cross terms between state, control and disturbance in the performance indices. Then, since the states of decomposed fast and slow subsystems cannot be measured perfectly, the state reconstruction mechanism is proposed based on the input‐state data of the original system, and cross‐scale information interaction is incorporated to correct the bias induced by the time‐scale decomposition. Cross‐scale composite RL algorithm is proposed with the slow and fast controllers designed in separate time scales. Next, the stability and performance of the TTS systems under the composite controller is analyzed considering the data inaccuracy of state reconstruction. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in the control application to the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system.
Prussian Blue Derived High‐Entropy Alloy Catalysts for Enhanced Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Qiu Weiye , Guo Ying , Fu Xian‐Zhu , Luo Jing‐Li 
Published: January 2025

AbstractElectrochemical nitrate reduction (NO3RR) to ammonia is a promising method for treating nitrate pollutant and potentially replacing the Haber‐Bosch process for ammonia production. High‐entropy nanoalloys (HEAs) show significant potential in catalyzing NO₃RR due to their compositional diversity, which results in a unique “cocktail” effect beneficial for the multistep NO3RR process. Herein, a high‐entropy alloy catalyst consisting of Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, and Fe elements is prepared through the pyrolysis of a high‐entropy Prussian blue precursor. After optimizing the elemental proportions, the Fe HEA catalyst exhibits exceptional NO3RR activity with an NH3 Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 92% and a yield rate of 3.25 mg h−1 cm−2. Moreover, the electrochemical hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) is applied to construct a NO3RR‐HZOR flow cell. This cell system not only produces NH3, but also generates electricity, achieving a peak power density of 1.32 mW cm−2. Theoretical investigations show that the excellent performance of HEA can be attributed to the “cocktail” effect induced by multi‐element composition, which results in a lower work function and a negative shifting of the d band center, thus favoring the charge transfer and hydrogenation process of NO3RR. This work highlights the remarkable potential of HEAs for multistep chemical production and expands their applications in energy conversion and electrosynthesis.