bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Über schnellverlaufende katalytische Prozesse und die Oxydation von Schwefeldioxyd zu Schwefelsäureanhydrid Mitteilung 2. Allgemeine Regel für gasdurchströmte Röhren. Einfluß der Verdünnung mit inerten Gasen
Authors: Andrussow Leonid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractZur Festlegung des Überganges von einer gewöhnlichen katalytischen Reaktion in die diffusionsbedingte oder umgekehrt, wird der Begriff “kritische Konzentration” vorgeschlagen. Allgemeine Betrachtungen über die Anspringtemperatur sowie Aktivitäten f(Γ) der katalytischen Oberfläche dienen zusammen mit der schematischen Darstellung der Geschwindigkeits‐Isotherme zur Erläuterung des Anstieges der Absolutgeschwindigkeit λ bis zum Punkt, wo diesem Anstieg eine Grenze gesetzt wird. Näherungsweise kann angenommen werden, daß die Aktivität f(Γ) konstant sei und eine parabolische Beziehungmagnified imagevorliegt. In solchen Fällen können die Katalysatoraktivitäten durch die Größe magnified image charakterisiert werden, mit D' als reduziertem Diffusionskoeffizienten und Δe als so benannter Zusatzkonzentration der Unterschußkomponente, welche gerade ausreicht, um die Absolutgeschwindigkeit von 0 bei der Gleichgewichtskonzentration bis zur Erreichung der diffusionsbedingten Schwelle zu steigern. Die für an ein Gleichgewicht nicht gebundenen katalytischen Prozesse aufgestellten Regeln können sinngemäß für den Fall eines Gleichgewichts übertragen werden, zumal hier kein prinzipieller Unterschied besteht: Die Oxydation von Ammoniak oder Cyanwasserstoff bei tieferen Temperaturen liefert dazu bemerkenswerte Beispiele. Nach Besprechung vereinfachter Näherungsgleichungen wird der Einfluß von inerten Gasen und die Aufstellung von Isothermen erläutert. Die Anfangszusammensetzung des Reaktionsgemisches wirkt sich auf den Wert des Diffusionskoeffizienten und, in Verbindung mit der Aktivität der katalytischen Oberfläche, auf die kritische Konzentration aus. Hervorzuheben ist, daß in dem Exponenten der e‐Funktion (in dem Faktor f) keine Gleichgewichtskonstanten vorkommen, sondern lediglich der Diffusionskoeffizient und das pro Sekunde durchgeleitete Volumen des Gasgemisches. Ferner zeichnen sich diffusionsbedingte Prozesse im strömenden System durch einen niedrigen Temperaturkoeffizienten aus.
Über die Auflösung, die Löslichkeit und die Umwandlung der beiden Arsenik‐Modifikationen Arsenolith und Claudetit in Wasser und wäßrigen Lösungen
Authors: Stranski I. N. , Plieth K. , Zoll J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAus den bei verschiedenen Temperaturen durchgeführten Löslichkeitsmessungen werden die Lösungswärmen und die Umwandlungswärme der beiden Modifikationen bestimmt. Die relativ großen anfänglichen Auflösungsgeschwindigkeiten des Arsenoliths in wässerigen Lösungen werden in verstärktem Maße beim Claudetit beobachtet. Es werden die Möglichkeiten zur Deutung des Effektes diskutiert. Aus den Umwandlungsversuchen der Modifikationen in Lösungen läßt sich entnehmen, daß in sauren Medien die Keimbildungshäufigkeit des Arsenoliths größer als die des Claudetits ist. Das unterschiedliche Verhalten der beiden Arseniklösungen gegenüber bestimmten Reagenzien wird durch die Annahme ständig wechselnder Strukturen der aufgelösten Arsenikteilchen zu erklären versucht.
Über Zinkdiäthyl als Lösungsmittel 1. Mitteilung: Physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften
Authors: Jander G. , Fischer L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEs werden die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften des Zinkdiäthyls eingehend besprochen. Die in der Literatur beschriebenen physikalischen Konstanten werden einer kritischen Prüfung unterzogen und durch eigene Messungen berichtigt bzw. ergänzt. Aus der Tatsache, daß das Zinkdiäthyl im flüssigen Zustand nicht assoziiert ist und das Molekül kein nennenswertes Dipolmoment besitzt, werden die wichtigsten Schlußfolgerungen hinsichtlich des Lösevermögens und der Ionisationswirkung gezogen, was für die in der 2. Mitt. beschriebenen Leitfähigkeitsuntersuchungen von Bedeutung ist.
Die Beziehungen zwischen der Schwärzung und der Größe der entwickelten Silberaggregate
Authors: Klein E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEs werden Versuche zur Berechnung der Schwärzung aus der Größe der entwickelten Silberkörner mitgeteilt. Es wird zunächst die Formel von Eggert‐Arens‐Heisenberg diskutiert. Diese Formel gibt einen Zusammenhang von Schwärzung, Silberauftrag und mittlerem Korndurchmesser an, wobei noch nicht untersucht ist, welchen Einfluß die Korngrößenverteilung nimmt. Die in die Gleichung eingehende Konstante (photometrische Konstante) wurde von den Verfassern empirisch bestimmt, da die Dichte des entwickelten Silbers unbekannt ist.Es werden hier daher folgende Punkte behandelt:
Die allgemeine Schwärzungsformel unter Berücksichtigung der Verteilungsfunktion,
die Schwärzungsformel für rein physikalische Entwicklung (kugelförmige Silberaggregate),
die Schwärzungsformel für eine rein chemische Entwicklung. Hierzu wird ein Ansatz zur Berechnung der Silberdichte eingeführt, der sich aus elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchungen ergibt. Ferner wird eine Beziehung zwischen der Projektionsfläche und der Dicke tafelförmiger Kristalle eingeführt; auch diese Beziehung wird elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchungen entnommen. Schließlich wird auch die Lageveränderung der Körner durch die Eintrocknung der Schicht berücksichtigt.
Die Theorie wird experimentell geprüft. Für physikalische und chemische Entwicklung erhält man befriedigende Übereinstimmung mit der Theorie. Es zeigt sich, daß man für die normalerweise vorliegenden Emulsionen die Korngrößenverteilung nicht berücksichtigen muß. Es werden zur Prüfung der Theorie erstmalig Auswertungen von elektronenmikroskopischen Stereoaufnahmen zur Bestimmung der Volumenverteilung durchgeführt.
Im Rahmen der Theorie für die chemisch entwickelte Schwärzung wird eine Deutung der photometrischen Konstante gegeben, die mit der von Eggert und Küster bestimmten sehr gut übereinstimmt. Hierdurch wird es möglich, aus der Funktion zwischen entwickelter Schwärzung und dem zugehörigen Auftrag den mittleren Korndurchmesser zu berechnen. Analytische Silberbestimmungen wurden daher für drei Versuchsemulsionen verschiedener Körnigkeit durchgeführt. Hieraus wurde nach der Theorie der mittlere Korndurchmesser berechnet.
Mehrfachphotometrierung, ein Verfahren zur genauen Vermessung von Röntgen‐Kleinwinkelaufnahmen
Authors: Kratky O. , Kahovec L. , Werner H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractZur Verringerung der durch die Körnigkeit des Röntgenfilms bedingten Ungenauigkeiten in der Messung der Intensität gestreuter Röntgenstrahlen wird vorgeschlagen, eine Mehrfachphotometrierung vorzunehmen und die Kurven übereinander zu registrieren. An Hand der Vermessung von Röntgen‐Kleinwinkelaufnahmen kann die Zweckmäßigkeit dieses Vorgehens veranschaulicht werden.
Über die Ordnung der Phasenumwandlung cholesterisch‐smektisch A in cholesterischen Mischungen
Authors: Müller W. U. , Stegemeyer H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn einer Reihe von Mischungen aus Cholesteryloleylcarbonat und Cholesterylchlorid wurde die Temperaturabhängigkeit des Molvolumens V durch Dilatometermessungen bestimmt. Aus dem Verlauf der V(T)‐Kurven in der Nähe des Phasenübergangs cholesterisch zu smektisch A ergibt sich, daß sich der Charakter des Phasenübergangs bei einem Molenbruch von 0,63 Cholesteryloleylcarbonat von erster zu zweiter Ordnung ändert. Dieses Verhalten läßt sich im Rahmen der Theorie von McMillan und Kobayashi erklären.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer in a patient after left ventricular assist device implantation: A case report
Authors: Kuriki Shinji , Tsujii Yoshiki , Saiki Hirotsugu , Amano Takahiro , Uema Ryotaro , Kato Minoru , Yoshihara Takeo , Hayashi Yoshito , Hikita Hayato , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation has increased in recent years. Here, we report the first case of gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) following LVAD implantation. A 69‐year‐old man who previously underwent LVAD implantation for severe heart failure underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which revealed a 15‐mm flat‐elevated cancerous lesion at the greater curvature of the gastric angle. Before ESD, antithrombotic drugs were discontinued and replaced with 10,000 units of heparin. However, on the second day, the patient experienced dysarthria and right upper‐extremity movement disorder despite a prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT‐INR) of 2.01. On the fifth day, computed tomography revealed a low‐density area extending from the left corona radiata to the basal ganglia, leading to a diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction. Aspirin and warfarin were immediately restarted, while the heparin infusion was discontinued after confirming recovery of PT activity. Thereafter, the neurological abnormalities did not aggravate and a trend toward symptomatic improvement was observed. Two months later, ESD was performed under continuous warfarin administration (PT‐INR, 2.62) without heparin replacement, and the lesion was curatively resected without complications. The patient was discharged without adverse events. This case report provides useful information on the feasibility and perioperative management of ESD in patients with LVAD.
Statistical properties of COVID-19 transmission intervals in Republic of Korea
Authors: Seo Yeonji , Kwon Okyu , Jo Hang-Hyun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA transmission interval for an infectious disease is important to understand epidemic processes in complex networks. The transmission interval is defined as a time interval between one person’s infection and their infection to another person. To study statistical properties of transmission intervals, we analyze a COVID-19 dataset of confirmed cases in Republic of Korea that has been collected for 2 years since the confirmation of the first case on 19 January 2020. Utilizing demographic information of confirmed individuals, such as sex, age, residence location, and the nature of relation between infectors and infectees, we find that transmission intervals are rarely affected by sexes, but they tend to have larger values for the youngest and oldest age groups than other groups. We also find some metropolitan cities or provinces with relatively larger (smaller) transmission intervals than other locations. These empirical findings might help us to better understand dynamical mechanisms of epidemic processes in complex social systems.
Implementing Personal Construct Theory to explore divergent approaches to substantive knowledge in RE
Authors: Flanagan Ruth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDivergence is not a new phenomenon in RE in England and Wales. A diverse range of aims and approaches have been promoted since RE provision became compulsory in 1944. Approaches include the phenomenological, interpretative, and dialogic with current debates centring around the benefits and challenges of a ‘worldviews approach’. There have been a range of responses to this approach, and implementation has been diverse. It may appear that at the heart of this divergence is confusion over the definition of the term 'worldview' and what this entails for teachers: adding content knowledge and diverse sources. However, this paper argues that the divergence is much more significantly rooted in the nature of ‘substantive knowledge’ and the power dynamics associated with who defines, selects and assesses the validity of substantive knowledge. In current research, I am testing the hypothesis that teachers’ personal worldviews influence their choice of substantive knowledge in RE. Through 142 questionnaires and 21 interviews, this power dynamic is being investigated. Employing Kelly’s (Kelly, Personal construct psychology, Norton, 1955) Personal Construct Theory illuminated teachers’ personal worldviews relating to substantive knowledge in RE. Through the completion and analysis of RepGrids, the teachers revealed they taught the ‘good’ aspects of religions and ignored the ‘bad’. They prized knowledge from lived experience above knowledge provided by religious institutions and some deemed online sources more useful than those from religious institutions. The power to define ‘substantive’ knowledge, once primarily in the hands of religious institutions, has dissipated to embrace definitions from teachers’ personal worldviews. Whilst enabling a diversity of beliefs to be covered, without examination, hegemonic power may risk the validity of the subject. What is needed, in the midst of this divergence, is not a battle for supremacy, and a rejection of one voice over the other, but an acknowledgement of the power dynamics in defining substantive knowledge in RE.
Involuntary memories are not déjà vu
Authors: Gülgöz Sami , Ergen Irem 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The proposed framework can benefit from integrating predictive processing into the explanation of déjà vu which corresponds to interrupted prediction. Déjà vu is also accompanied by familiarity. However, considerable ambiguity is inherent in familiarity, which necessitates elaboration of this construct. Research findings on involuntary autobiographical memories and déjà vu show discrepancies, and clustering these constructs can be counterproductive for research.
The need for a unified framework: How Tulving's framework of memory systems, memory processes, and the SPI-model can guide and sharpen the understanding of déjà vu and involuntary autobiographical memories and add to conceptual clarity
Authors: Markowitsch Hans J. , Kordon Andreas , Staniloiu Angelica 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Barzykowski and Moulin link déjà vu and involuntary autobiographical memories to the process of retrieval. They make no reference to Tulving's SPI-model. In this, it is proposed that information is acquired serially (S), stored in parallel (P), and retrieved independently (I). This model offers an alternative, elegant, view of involuntary autobiographical memory retrieval, as well as of déjà vus.
Distinguishing involuntary autobiographical memories and déjà vu experiences: Different types of cues and memory representations?
Authors: Kvavilashvili Lia , Markostamou Ioanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) and déjà vu have important shared characteristics, in this commentary, we focus on potential differences that may question the argument that two phenomena lie on a continuum. We propose that differences in their frequency and autonoetic consciousness could be explained by different types of cues and memory representations involved in experiencing IAMs and déjà vu.
Evolutionary mismatch and anomalies in the memory system
Authors: Veit Walter , Browning Heather 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In order to understand involuntary autobiographical memories and déjà vu experiences, we argue that it is important to take an evolutionary medicine perspective. Here, we propose that these memory anomalies can be understood as the outcomes of an inevitable design trade-off between type I and type II errors in memory processing.
Accounting for the strangeness, infrequency, and suddenness of déjà vu
Authors: Andonovski Nikola , Michaelian Kourken 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Barzykowski and Moulin argue that déjà vu is a natural product of autobiographical memory retrieval. Their proposal fails to account for three salient properties of déjà vu experiences: Their strangeness, their infrequency, and their characteristically sudden onset. Accounting for these properties is necessary for proper integration of déjà vu into autobiographical memory research.
Neuropsychological predictions on involuntary autobiographical memory and déjà vu
Authors: Bastin Christine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I strongly support Barzykowski and Moulin in their proposal that common retrieval mechanisms can lead to distinct phenomenological memory experiences. I emphasize the importance of one of these mechanisms, namely the attribution system. Neuropsychological studies should help clarifying the role of these retrieval mechanisms, notably in cases of medial temporal-lobe lesions and cases of dementia.
The misidentification syndromes and source memory deficits with their neuroanatomical correlates from neuropsychological perspective
Authors: Sikorski Rafał , Sitek Emilia J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The suggested model is discussed with reference to two clinical populations with memory disorders – patients with misidentification syndromes and those with source memory impairment, both of whom may present with (broadly conceived) déjà vu phenomenon, without insight into false feeling of familiarity. The role of the anterior thalamic nucleus and retrosplenial cortex for autobiographical memory and familiarity is highlighted.
Further advancing theories of retrieval of the personal past
Authors: Barzykowski Krystian , Moulin Chris J. A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In our target article, we presented the idea that involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) and déjà vu may both be based on the same retrieval processes. Our core claim was thus straightforward: Both can be described as “involuntary” or spontaneous cognitions, where IAMs deliver content and déjà vu delivers only the feeling of retrieval. Our proposal resulted in 27 commentaries covering a broad range of perspectives and approaches. The majority of them have not only amplified our key arguments but also pushed our ideas further by offering extensions, refinements, discussing possible implications and providing additional empirical, neuroscientific and clinical support. The discussion launched by the commentaries proves to us the importance of bringing IAMs and déjà vu into mainstream discussions of memory retrieval processes.
Cost-effectiveness of population-based screening for microalbuminuria in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in India
Authors: Mathan Kumar Sudalaimuthu , Essakky Saravanan , Rajasulochana Subramania R. , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar , Sivanatham Parthibane , Anandraj Jeyanthi , Parameswaran Sreejith , Soman Biju , Rajsekhar Kavitha , Stanley Antony 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Patients with diabetes have a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early detection of CKD through microalbuminuria screening, followed by treatment, delays the progression of CKD. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of population-based screening of microalbuminuria among normotensive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged >40 years compared with no screening scenario using a decision tree combined with the Markov model.

Methods
We considered two scenarios: Scenario I – dipstick microalbuminuria followed by spot-urine albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR) and serum creatinine in sequence; Scenario II – spot urine ACR plus serum creatinine. A mathematical cohort of the target population was simulated over a lifetime horizon with an annual cycle. Data for the model were obtained from secondary resources. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were estimated for screening scenarios compared to nonscreening scenario, along with sensitivity analyses.

Results
The discounted ICER per quality-adjusted life years gained for annual microalbuminuria screening in the normotensive diabetic population in India were ₹ 24,114 (US$ 308) and ₹ 13,790 (US$ 176) for scenarios I and II, respectively. Annual screening by scenarios I and II resulted in a reduction of 180 and 193 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases per 100,000 population, respectively, resulting in a cost saving of ₹ 12.3 and 13.3 Crore spent on ESRD management over 10 years. Both scenarios were also cost-effective even at the screening frequencies of 5 and 10 yearly.

Conclusion
Microalbuminuria screening was cost-effective at the threshold of one-time GDP per capita in India.
App-based self-trainings targeting strain recovery and their effect on concentration
Authors: Hartner-Tiefenthaler Martina , Schoellbauer Julia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, many knowledge workers reported concentration problems. This can be seen as critical as concentration is an important indicator for both cognitive wellbeing and occupational success. Drawing on the load theory of selective attention, we argue that concentration problems can be caused by the strain workers experienced during the pandemic. Consequently, by associating impaired concentration with strain, we hypothesize that strengthening strain recovery is a method that potentially supports concentration in stressful times. We developed the smartphone app "swoliba" containing self-training exercises targeting recovery experiences and tested the benefit of this app with two intervention groups and one waitlist-control group. Participants of the intervention groups were asked to carry out the exercises accompanied by surveys throughout a period of 4 weeks in 2020/2021. Results show that participants in the intervention groups reported higher concentration levels and lower strain levels than those in the control group, and this beneficial effect on concentration is partially mediated via lower strain levels. We conclude that self-training apps can be an effective tool for recovery interventions reducing strain but also supporting concentration. Using two different intervention conditions, we can reliably demonstrate the beneficial effect of our swoliba training program.
Gravity evidence for a heterogeneous crust of Mercury
Authors: Buoninfante Salvatore , Milano Maurizio , Negri Barbara , Plainaki Christina , Sindoni Giuseppe , Fedi Maurizio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe modeled gravity data to explore Mercury’s internal structure and show the presence of crustal heterogeneities in density. We first evaluated the lithospheric flexure occurring in the spherical harmonic degree range 5–80, according to the flexural isostatic response curve. We thus estimated a mean elastic lithosphere thickness of about 30 $$\pm$$
±
10 km and modeled the crust-mantle interface, which varies from 19 to 42 km depth, according to a flexural compensation model. The isostatic gravity anomalies were then obtained as the residual field with respect to the contributions from topography and lithospheric flexure. Isostatic anomalies are mainly related to density variations in the crust: gravity highs mostly correspond to large-impact basins suggesting intra-crustal magmatic intrusions as the main origin of these anomalies. Isostatic gravity lows prevail, instead, above intercrater plains and may represent the signature of a heavily fractured crust.
Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by trophoblast-conditioned medium and trophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles in human middle ear epithelial cells
Authors: Lee Chan Mi , Go Yoon Young , Song Jae-Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOtitis media is a common disease but can cause severe inner ear inflammation and hearing loss if it persists for more than two weeks. This study elucidates the inflammation-inhibiting efficacy of conditioned medium (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human trophoblast (TB) cells in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human middle ear epithelial cells (HMEECs). TB-conditioned medium (TB-CM) reduced the inflammatory response and regulated mucin and epithelial sodium channel genes in LPS-induced HMEECs. The underlying mechanism of cell migration during inflammatory healing in LPS-induced HMEECs treated with TB-CM was determined by RNA-sequencing analysis. Specifically, the NF-κB pathway related to the copper metabolism MURR1 domain protein was studied and verified through siRNA. This elucidation of the anti-inflammatory effect of TB-CM and TB-derived EVs demonstrates their clinical potential to treat chronic inflammation.