bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bibliometric analysis of gastric cancer liver metastases: advances in mechanisms of occurrence and treatment options
Authors: Wang Chenyuan , Zhang Yuzhe , Zhang Ye , Li Baifeng 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and its poor prognosis is predominantly attributed to distant metastasis. The liver is the primary site of GC metastasis. However, there is no universally approved treatment regimen for liver metastasis in GC. The aim of this article is to review the current research status and trends of liver metastasis of GC worldwide.

Methods:
The authors utilized the Web of Science Core Collection database to identify articles on liver metastasis from GC published between 2000 and 2022. The authors used bibliometric methods to analyze authors, institutions, countries, journals, and references through CiteSpace and VOSviewer. A total of 1003 articles were included in this study.

Results:
Japan published the most articles in the field, followed by China. Nagoya University is the leading institution in the field of liver metastases in GC. Yasuhiro Kodera from Japan has made significant achievements in this area. The authors identified GC to be the most influential journal in this field. Using cluster analysis, the keywords were divided into four major clusters:(1) the molecular mechanism of GC liver metastasis, (2) prognosis, (3) liver resection, and (4) chemotherapy.

Conclusion:
Our study systematically summarizes the results of GC liver metastasis research from 2000 to 2022 and describes and predicts research hotspots and trends on a global scale. Research on the molecular mechanisms of GC liver metastasis will become a hot topic in the future, and the expansion of the surgical treatment scope and the advancement of translational therapy will benefit more patients.
Comparison of the incidence of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia between general anesthesia and interscalene brachial plexus block in shoulder arthroscopy: A randomized prospective study
Authors: Heo Hyunjoo , Kim Yu Yil , Lee Ji Hye , Kim Gwanbeom , Kwon Dohun 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (IPH), defined as core body temperature below 36°C, is associated with various complications. Shoulder arthroscopy is a risk factor of IPH. This study aimed to compare the incidence of IPH between general anesthesia (GA) and interscalene brachial plexus block (ISBPB) for shoulder arthroscopy.

Method:
Patients scheduled for shoulder arthroscopy were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to GA or ISBPB groups. The body temperature of the patients was measured from baseline to the end of anesthesia and in the post-anesthetic care unit to compare the incidence of IPH.

Results:
Of the 114 patients initially identified, 80 were included in the study (GA = 40, ISBPB = 40). The incidence of IPH differed significantly between the groups, with GA at 52.5% and ISBPB at 30.0% (P = .04). Profound IPH (defined as < 35.0°C) occurred in 2 patients with GA. Upon arrival at the post-anesthesia care unit, the GA group exhibited a significantly lower mean body temperature (35.9 ± 0.6°C) than the ISBPB group (36.1 ± 0.2°C, P = .04).

Conclusion:
The incidence of IPH in the GA group was higher than that in the ISBPB group during shoulder arthroscopy, suggesting that ISBPB may be a preferable anesthetic technique for reducing risk of IPH in such procedures.
Causal association between rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy loss and intrauterine growth retardation: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Guo Danyang , Diao Zhihao , Wang Kehua , Pang Conghui 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To investigate the causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pregnancy loss and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods:
Genetic variants associated with RA (12,555 cases and 240,862 controls), miscarriage (1475 cases and 149,622 controls), and IUGR (3558 cases and 207,312 controls) were obtained from the FinnGen consortium, and supplementary data on RA (5201 cases and 457,732 controls) and miscarriage (7069 cases and 250,492 controls) were obtained from the Medical Research Council Integrated Epidemiology Unit (MRC-IEU). 47 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with RA were screened as instrumental variables (IV). The causal relationship between RA and pregnancy loss and IUGR were assessed by 5 MR methods, mainly inverse variance weighting (IVW). Sensitivity analyses were also performed to test the stability of the results.

Results:
Bidirectional MR showed that genetically predicted RA was causally associated with pregnancy loss and IUGR in forward MR analyses, and that RA significantly increased pregnancy loss [odds ratio (OR) = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.33, P = .03] and IUGR (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01–1.15, P = .019). In the reverse MR, there was no causal association between pregnancy loss (P = .15) and IUGR (P = .87) and RA.

Conclusion:
This study found a significant genetic association between RA and pregnancy loss and IUGR. RA is considered to be a high-risk factor for adverse maternal outcomes. Pre-pregnancy prophylaxis and intra-pregnancy control of patients should be emphasized to reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as pregnancy loss and IUGR.
Diagnostic value of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT in malignant melanoma: a pilot study
Authors: Manafi-Farid Reyhaneh , Mahini Marjan , Mirshahvalad Seyed Ali , Fallahi Babak , Fard-Esfahani Armaghan , Emami-Ardekani Alireza , Eftekhari Mohammad , Mousavi Seied Asadollah , Beiki Davood 
Published: January 2024

Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic value of [68Ga] Ga-Pentixafor in malignant melanoma patients.

Methods
In this prospective study, patients with histology-proven melanoma were included and underwent [18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) and [68Ga] Ga-Pentixafor PET/computed tomography (CT) within a week. Suspicious lesions were interpreted as benign vs. malignant, and the corresponding semi-quantitative PET/CT parameters were recorded and compared.

Results
Twelve consecutive melanoma patients (mean age: 60 ± 6) were included. Two patients were referred for initial staging, two for detecting recurrence and eight for evaluating the extent of metastases. Overall, [18F]FDG PET/CT showed 236 tumoral lesions, including two primary tumors, two recurrent lesions, 29 locoregional metastases and 203 distant metastases. In [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT, 101 tumoral lesions were detected, including two primary tumors, one recurrence, 16 locoregional metastases and 82 distant metastases. Notably, a documented brain metastasis was only visualized on [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT images. Compared with [18F]FDG, [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT provided a 42% detection rate. Regarding semi-quantitative measures, the intensity of uptake and tumor-to-background ratios were significantly lower on [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT [average maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of 2.72 ± 1.33 vs. 11.41 ± 14.79; P value <0.001 and 1.17 ± 0.53 vs. 5.32 ± 7.34; P value <0.001, respectively].

Conclusion
When comparing [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT with [18F]FDG PET/CT, not only did [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT detect fewer lesions, but the intensity of uptake and the TBRs were also lower on [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT. Thus, our results may indicate a limited potential of this novel tracer in cutaneous melanoma patients compared to [18F]FDG PET/CT. Given the lower TBRs, applying this radiotracer in radioligand therapies is also questionable.
The National Association of Medical Examiners Position Paper on the Investigation and Certification of Pediatric Deaths From Environmental Neglect
Authors: Gill James R. , Christensen Erik , Dennison Emily H. , Ely Susan F. , Gilson Thomas , Keyes Kelly , Lear Kelly , Lucas Jonathan , Mahar Tara J. , Quinton Reade 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Pediatric deaths that occur because of environmental neglect often involve 4 common scenarios: (1) hyperthermia due to environmental exposure, (2) ingestion of an accessible drug or poison, (3) unwitnessed/unsupervised drownings, and (4) unsafe sleep practices. Given the same fact pattern, the manner of death will vary from accident to homicide to undetermined based on local custom and/or the certifier's training and experience. Medical examiner/coroner death certifications are administrative public health determinations made for vital statistical purposes. Because the manner of death is an opinion, it is understandable that manner determinations may vary among practitioners. No prosecutor, judge, or jury is bound by the opinions expressed on the death certificate. This position paper does not dictate how these deaths should be certified. Rather, it describes the challenges of the investigations and manner determinations in these deaths. It provides specific criteria that may improve consistency of certification. Because pediatric deaths often are of public interest, this paper provides the medical examiner/coroner with a professional overview of such manner determination issues to assist various stakeholders in understanding these challenges and variations.
The impact of HIV preexposure prophylaxis on bacterial sexually transmitted infection occurrence in MSM: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Georgiadis Nikolaos , Papamichail Dimitrios , Lytras Theodore , Halkitis Perry N. , Tzanakaki Georgina , Kornarou Eleni , Vassilakou Nair-Tonia , Sergentanis Theodoros N. 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation on bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) occurrence (overall; chlamydia; gonorrhea; syphilis), in MSM.

Design:
Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus without language restrictions until 1 February 2023. We sought studies reporting data for the estimation of incidence rate ratios (IRR), prevalence ratios or cumulative incidence ratios (the latter in equal time periods before and after PrEP initiation) regarding bacterial STI occurrence. Separate analyses were performed overall for any STI, syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhea (overall; rectal; urethral; pharyngeal for the two latter conditions); ratios greater than unity denoted increase in STI occurrence after PrEP initiation.

Results:
Twenty-three eligible studies with 11 776 participants (age range: 18–71 years) with a median follow-up of 12 months were included. Overall, PrEP initiation was associated with a significant increase in the occurrence of any STI (pooled effect size: 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–1.26), any gonorrhea (pooled effect size: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02–1.34), any chlamydia (pooled effect size: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.09–1.58) and rectal chlamydia (pooled effect size: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05–1.64), whereas a borderline increase was found in urethral chlamydia (pooled effect size: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.99–1.60, P = 0.064). Changes in pharyngeal chlamydia and site-specific gonorrhea occurrence did not reach statistical significance. Syphilis showed virtually no change after PrEP initiation (pooled effect size: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.72–1.37).

Conclusion:
These results highlight the need for more comprehensive, accessible STI testing to tackle bacterial STI infections in PrEP users.
Brief Report: In cART-Treated HIV-Infected Patients, Immunologic Failure Is Associated With a High Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Frequency
Authors: Grassi Germana , Notari Stefania , Cicalini Stefania , Casetti Rita , Cimini Eleonora , Bordoni Veronica , Gagliardini Roberta , Mazzotta Valentina , Antinori Andrea , Agrati Chiara , Sacchi Alessandra 
Published: January 2024

Background:
During HIV infection, effective combined antiretroviral therapy suppresses viral replication and restores the number of circulating CD4+ T cells. However, 15%–30% of treated patients show a discordant response to combined antiretroviral therapy. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are expanded in HIV+ patients; to better understand the role of MDSC on CD4 T-cell recovery, we evaluated the frequency of MDSC in HIV+ patients under combined antiretroviral therapy and its association with immunologic response.

Methods:
We enrolled 60 HIV+ patients, including complete responders (R, n = 44), virologic nonresponders (VNR, n = 5), and immunologic nonresponders (INR, n = 11). The frequency of circulating MDSC and the percentage of activated and naïve CD4 T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Plasmatic cytokine levels were analyzed by automated ELISA.

Results:
As previously observed, polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC) frequency was higher in HIV+ patients compared with healthy donors. Furthermore, PMN-MDSC percentage was higher in INR than R patients, and a significant association between MDSC frequency and immunologic failure was confirmed by a receiver operator characteristic analysis. Accordingly, an inverse correlation was found between the percentages of PMN-MDSC and naïve CD4 T cells. A positive correlation was observed between PMN-MDSC frequency and the percentage of human leucocyte antigen locus DR + CD4 T cells and the plasmatic level of IL-1β and IL-8.

Conclusion:
Our results show that a high frequency of PMN-MDSC persists in INR, possibly because of immune activation, contributing to CD4 T-cell recovery failure. These findings further highlight the detrimental role of MDSC during HIV infection, suggesting these cells as a possible new therapeutic target.
Facility-Based Indicators to Manage and Scale Up Cervical Cancer Prevention and Care Services for Women Living With HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Three-Round Online Delphi Consensus Method
Authors: Davidović Maša , Asangbeh Serra Lem , Taghavi Katayoun , Dhokotera Tafadzwa , Jaquet Antoine , Musick Beverly , Van Schalkwyk Cari , Schwappach David , Rohner Eliane , Murenzi Gad , Wools-Kaloustian Kara , Anastos Kathryn , Omenge Orang'o Elkanah , Boni Simon Pierre , Duda Stephany N. , von Groote Per , Bohlius Julia ,   on behalf of the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS
Published: January 2024

Background:
Of women with cervical cancer (CC) and HIV, 85% live in sub-Saharan Africa, where 21% of all CC cases are attributable to HIV infection. We aimed to generate internationally acceptable facility-based indicators to monitor and guide scale up of CC prevention and care services offered on-site or off-site by HIV clinics.

Methods:
We reviewed the literature and extracted relevant indicators, grouping them into domains along the CC control continuum. From February 2021 to March 2022, we conducted a three-round, online Delphi process to reach consensus on indicators. We invited 106 experts to participate. Through an anonymous, iterative process, participants adapted the indicators to their context (round 1), then rated them for 5 criteria on a 5-point Likert-type scale (rounds 2 and 3) and then ranked their importance (round 3).

Results:
We reviewed 39 policies from 21 African countries and 7 from international organizations; 72 experts from 15 sub-Saharan Africa countries or international organizations participated in our Delphi process. Response rates were 34% in round 1, 40% in round 2, and 44% in round 3. Experts reached consensus for 17 indicators in the following domains: primary prevention (human papillomavirus prevention, n = 2), secondary prevention (screening, triage, treatment of precancerous lesions, n = 11), tertiary prevention (CC diagnosis and care, n = 2), and long-term impact of the program and linkage to HIV service (n = 2).

Conclusion:
We recommend that HIV clinics that offer CC control services in sub-Saharan Africa implement the 17 indicators stepwise and adapt them to context to improve monitoring along the CC control cascade.
The PAncreatic Surgery Composite Endpoint (PACE)
Authors: Nickel Felix , Kuemmerli Christoph , Müller Philip C. , Schmidt Mona W. , Schmidt Leon P. , Wise Philipp , Klotz Rosa , Tjaden Christine , Diener Markus , Probst Pascal , Hackert Thilo , Büchler Markus W. 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To provide a composite endpoint in pancreatic surgery.

Background:
Single endpoints in prospective and randomized studies have become impractical due to their low frequency and the marginal benefit of new interventions.

Methods:
Data from prospective studies were used to develop (n=1273) and validate (n=544) a composite endpoint based on postoperative pancreatic fistula, postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, as well as reoperation and reinterventions. All patients had pancreatectomies of different extents. The association of the developed PAncreatic surgery Composite Endpoint (PACE) with prolonged length of hospital stay >75th percentile and mortality was assessed. A single-institution database was used for external validation (n=2666). Sample size calculations were made for single outcomes and the composite endpoint.

Results:
In the internal validation cohort, the PACE demonstrated an area under the curve of 78.0%, a sensitivity of 90.4%, and a specificity of 67.6% in predicting a prolonged length of hospital stay. In the external cohort, the area under the curve was 76.9%, a sensitivity of 73.8%, and a specificity of 80.1%. The 90-day mortality rate was significantly different for patients with a positive versus a negative PACE both in the development and internal validation cohort (5.1% vs 0.9%; P< 0.001), as well as in the external validation cohort (8.5% vs 1.2%, P< 0.001). The PACE enabled sample size reductions of up to 80.5% compared to single outcomes.

Conclusions:
The PACE performed well in predicting prolonged hospital stays and can be used as a standardized and clinically relevant endpoint for future prospective trials enabling lower sample sizes and therefore improved feasibility compared to single outcome parameters.
Netosis in Surgery
Authors: James Philippa , Kaushal Devesh , Beaumont Wilson Robert 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To provide surgeons with an understanding of the latest research on NETosis, including the pathophysiology and treatment of conditions involving NETs in the care of surgical patients.

Background:
A novel function of neutrophils, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), was described in 2004. Neutrophils form mesh-like structures of extruded decondensed chromatin, comprising DNA and histones decorated with bactericidal proteins. These NETs exert antimicrobial action by trapping microorganisms and preventing their wider dissemination through the body.

Results:
A narrative review of the existing literature describing NETosis was conducted, including NET pathophysiology, conditions related to NET formation, and treatments relevant to surgeons.

Conclusions:
In addition to its canonical antimicrobial function, NETosis can exacerbate inflammation, resulting in tissue damage and contributing to numerous diseases. NETs promote gallstone formation and acute pancreatitis; impair wound healing in the early postoperative period and in chronic wounds; and facilitate intravascular coagulation, cancer growth, and metastasis. Agents that target NET formation or removal have shown promising efficacy in treating these conditions, although large clinical trials are required to confirm these benefits.
A Multisite Study on the Effect of a Urinary Incontinence Self-Management Program on Community-Dwelling Older Women in Korea
Authors: Park Sunah , So Aeyoung 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a urinary incontinence (UI) self-management program on UI symptoms, knowledge, and self-efficacy in community-dwelling older women.

DESIGN:
A 1-group pretest-posttest design.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
Participants were recruited from 14 primary healthcare posts (PHCPs) in South Chungcheong Province, rural South Korea. A total of 163 women participated in a 5-session UI self-management program.

METHODS:
The UI self-management program was sequentially conducted across 14 PHCPs between May and November 2016. In each PHCP, 6 to 22 women participated in the program. The program consisted of weekly 90-minute sessions that were conducted across 5 weeks. Each session included a lecture on UI, reflective discussion, pelvic floor muscle training, and the assignment of homework (exercises and a daily bladder diary). Main outcome variables were measured using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), Urinary Incontinence Knowledge Scale (UIKS), and Geriatric Self-Efficacy Index for Urinary Incontinence (GSE-UI), which were administered before and after the intervention. Descriptive statistics were computed, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests analyzed the data.

RESULTS:
The intervention resulted in a significant decrease in the ICIQ-SF scores, which was indicative of improvement in UI severity (pretest: 6.64 [SD 6.15], posttest: 4.76 [SD 5.08], P = .001), significant increases in the UIKS (pretest: 15.69 [SD 6.36], posttest: 23.14 [SD 5.54], P = .001] and GSE-UI (pretest: 75.34 [SD 31.80], [posttest: 86.20 [SD 27.06], P = .001) scores.

CONCLUSIONS:
The UI self-management program improved UI symptoms, knowledge, and self-efficacy among community-dwelling older women.
Microbial Transfer by Intermittent Catheters
Authors: Dean Nicole L. , Gras James , Lantz Ellen E. , Patterson Jillian P. , Inglese Gary , Goldstine Jimena V. , Medina-Rivera Mariely , Bionda Nina , Strickland Aaron D. , Sileika Tadas S. 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of various protective features (eg, catheter cap, introducer tip, and catheter sleeve) of hydrophilic intermittent catheters against contamination with urinary tract infection–associated microorganisms using an in vitro model.

DESIGN:
An in vitro study of microbial transfer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Gloves were contaminated with uropathogenic microorganisms and used to simulate intermittent catheterization of male anatomical models with and without the protective features present in 5 commercially available hydrophilic catheters. Using this contaminated touch transfer method, both the meatus of the sterile male anatomical models and sterile surgical gloves of an operator were inoculated with a high level of microorganisms (107 and 109 colony-forming units [CFU], respectively). The operator then performed catheterization of the anatomical model. The most relevant segments of the catheter were sampled, and the level of microbial transfer and catheter contamination was quantified. Results from experimental and sample replicates from the 3 microbial species and 5 catheters (sleeved and unsleeved) were analyzed by pair-wise t tests and analysis of variance.

RESULTS:
Of the 5 commercially available sleeved intermittent catheters evaluated in this study, use of catheters with multiple protective components (ring cap, introducer tip, and catheter sleeve) resulted in significant improvement in protection against contamination with a 25- to 2500-fold lower level of microbial contamination (C1 segment) across all species as compared to catheters protected with only sleeves or un-sleeved catheters.

CONCLUSIONS:
The combination of a ring cap, protective introducer tip, and protective sleeve provides additional protection when compared to sleeve alone from transferring microbial contamination from the meatus to the advancing catheter. Additional research is needed to determine whether these design features result in fewer urinary tract infections among intermittent catheter users.