bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and heat resistance of hollow glass microbead/silicone rubber composite coating
Authors: Yang Xiao‐jun , Qin Li‐Qi , He Ding‐yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHollow glass microbead/silicone rubber composite coatings were prepared to improve the heat‐resistance and mechanical properties of silicone rubber‐based composites, using CE modified SR as the matrix and HGM as the filler. The microscopic morphology and thermal stability of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), respectively. The results showed that the thermal stability of the composites increases with the increase of filler content. For the composite sample with a HGM mass content of 16.7%, the initial decomposition temperature (T5) is 408°C, which is 84°C higher than that of silicone rubber. The low density and high sphericity of HGM make it easier to uniformly disperse in the polymer matrix. In addition, compared to silica, which is commonly used as an inorganic filler, the lower thermal conductivity of HGM is also beneficial for achieving better thermal shielding effect. It is confirmed that the insufficient thermal stability of the polymer matrix above 400°C can be compensated for by the properly dispersed inorganic fillers. Therefore, the thermal stability of the composite is improved by the synergistic effect of modified heat‐resistant matrix and inorganic filler.
Stable peri‐Naphthoisatogens without C2 Protection: Synthesis via Aldrone Condensation, Optical Properties and 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Debnath Indraneel , Roy Tirupati , Borah Dharismita , Mahata Kingsuk 
Published: November 2023

Abstractperi‐Annulation of naphthalane, an important tool for realization of wide range of functional materials, is presently accomplished with limited few functional groups like imide, amide and diamine‐derivative (perimidine). To increase the diversity, we have incorporated α‐keto aldonitrone as a new functional group, and herein report about five peri‐naphthoisatogens (PNTIs) dyes. The synthesis were accomplished using an unusual reaction of aromatic nitro group, which is nucleophilic attack of a C‐nucleophile (enol) to the N‐atom of nitro group. In five different 5‐alkylamino‐8‐nitro‐1‐acetylnaphthalenes, intramolecular acid‐catalyzed nucleophilic attack of enol moiety to the N‐atom of nitro group produced α‐keto aldonitrone via addition‐elimination mechanism. The PNTIs showed characteristics of 1,3‐dipole and reacted with ethyl acrylate to produce isoxazolidine ring, which subsequently converted into aza phenalenone derivative via ring cleavage. Both the PNTI and the corresponding derivative strongly absorb in the visible region, displaying absorption maximum at 551 and 561 nm (in CHCl3) respectively. Compared to the popular analogous dye naphthalene monoimides, PNTIs showed bathochromic shift of absorption maximum by more than 100 nm. The emission maximum for the PNTI and its derivative in chloroform were observed at 594 and 635 nm respectively.
Risk of psychosis in autism spectrum disorder individuals exposed to psychosocial stressors: A 9‐year chart review study
Authors: Bortoletto Riccardo , Bassani Lorenzo , Garzitto Marco , Lamberti Marco , Simonati Alessandro , Darra Francesca , Bhattacharyya Sagnik , Comacchio Carla , Balestrieri Matteo , Arcangeli Donatella , Colizzi Marco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPsychosocial stressors have been suggested to precipitate psychotic episodes in patients with pre‐existing psychosis and otherwise healthy subjects. However, such a risk has never been formally investigated in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sixty‐nine autistic adolescents hospitalized for psychotic/manic symptoms (PSY) and other mental health issues (NPSY) over a 9‐year period were compared with reference to their previous exposure to psychosocial stressors. ASD diagnoses satisfied the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)‐10 criteria. Psychotic/manic symptom assessment followed the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K‐SADS). Psychosocial stressor exposure was collected separately at each admission. Preliminarily, univariate between‐group comparisons were conducted. Then, a binomial model was adopted to investigate associations with previous exposure to psychosocial stressors. Results were reported with a change in AIC (ΔAIC). PSY patients presented with higher previous exposure to adverse life events (30.43% vs. 6.52%, OR = 6.079 [1.209, 40.926], p = 0.013) and school/work difficulties (30.43% vs. 8.70%, OR = 4.478 [0.984, 23.846], p = 0.034) than NPSY ones. Admissions for psychotic/manic symptoms occurred more likely in the context of family disturbances (OR = 2.275 [1.045, 5.045], p = 0.030) and adverse life events (OR = 3.489 [1.194, 11.161], p = 0.014). The fitted binomial model was found to be significant compared to the random effects model (ΔAIC = −1.962; χ210 = 21.96, p = 0.015), with the risk of presenting psychotic/manic symptoms being increased by family disturbances (z = +4.118) and school/work difficulties (z = +2.455). The results suggest a potential psychosis‐inducing effect of psychosocial stressors in ASD, which has clinical and policy implications.
Exploring the role of transcriptional and post‐transcriptional processes in mRNA co‐expression
Authors: García‐Blay Óscar , Verhagen Pieter G. A. , Martin Benjamin , Hansen Maike M. K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCo‐expression of two or more genes at the single‐cell level is usually associated with functional co‐regulation. While mRNA co‐expression—measured as the correlation in mRNA levels—can be influenced by both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional events, transcriptional regulation is typically considered dominant. We review and connect the literature describing transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation of co‐expression. To enhance our understanding, we integrate four datasets spanning single‐cell gene expression data, single‐cell promoter activity data and individual transcript half‐lives. Confirming expectations, we find that positive co‐expression necessitates promoter coordination and similar mRNA half‐lives. Surprisingly, negative co‐expression is favored by differences in mRNA half‐lives, contrary to initial predictions from stochastic simulations. Notably, this association manifests specifically within clusters of genes. We further observe a striking compensation between promoter coordination and mRNA half‐lives, which additional stochastic simulations suggest might give rise to the observed co‐expression patterns. These findings raise intriguing questions about the functional advantages conferred by this compensation between distal kinetic steps.
Multipartite patella: A review of diagnostic techniques and management of the symptomatic patient
Authors: McKee Christopher E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultipartite patella is an anatomical variant classified by the fragmentation of the main patellar body. The cause of this variant is due to failure in fusion of the patellar ossification centers. It is commonly misdiagnosed as a fracture of the patella in clinical practice, leading to unnecessary treatment measures. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the development and classification of this variation, diagnostic imaging techniques, and assess the optimal management technique for the symptomatic patient. Multiple radiographic methods are used to identify this variant, with recent studies highlighting high sensitivity rates for nonradiative methods (ultrasound). In terms of symptomatic management, accessory fragment excision and vastus lateralis release provide the greatest alleviation of symptoms, with screw fixation being less favorable.
Burden of prostate cancer in the Middle East: A comparative analysis based on global cancer observatory data
Authors: Kearney Garrett , Chen Ming‐Hui , Mula‐Hussain Layth , Skelton Mac , Eren Mehmet Fuat , Orio Peter F. , Nguyen Paul L. , D'Amico Anthony V. , Sayan Mutlay 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer represents a significant global health issue, yet our understanding of its impact in the Middle East remains limited. This study aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in the Middle East, and compare these rates to those in Europe and North America.Materials and MethodsWe utilized the 2020 Global Cancer Observatory data, compiling incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer in 20 Middle Eastern countries. We calculated mortality‐to‐incidence ratios (MIR) and compared the age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and MIR between the Middle East and the combined regions of North America and Europe. The countries were further stratified based on the Human Development Index (HDI) and income level for additional analysis.ResultsIn 2020, the Middle East documented an estimated 51,649 new prostate cancer diagnoses, accounting for 3.7% of global cases. Despite a significantly lower ASIR in the Middle East compared with Europe and North America (10.50 vs. 21.50, p = 0.0087), the region had a higher MIR (12.35 vs. 3.00, p = 0.0476). When stratified based on HDI or income levels, there was no significant difference in MIRs; however, a significant trend of increasing MIR with decreasing HDI (p = 0.028) and income levels (p = 0.016) was observed.ConclusionsDespite a lower incidence, our analysis showed a significantly higher MIR for prostate cancer in the Middle East compared with Europe and North America. These findings underscore the unique challenges posed by prostate cancer in the Middle East and emphasize the necessity of tailored strategies to address this pressing public health issue.
Peer‐to‐peer community on social media: An exploratory cross‐cultural study
Authors: Anderson Kelley Cours , Albinsson Pia A. , Ducarroz Caroline 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis exploratory research utilizes the lens of uses and gratifications theory (UGT) to examine cross‐cultural differences in consumers' motives for using social media to build peer‐to‐peer (P2P) community. Using a mixed‐method approach through two studies, we first conduct in‐depth interviews to better understand consumers' motivations for P2P community on social media. Then exploratory factor analysis using Belgian and U.S. survey data and confirmatory composite analysis reveal the factors of curiosity, self‐presentation, social interaction, relational connections (Belgium only), the importance of social verification, and communication. Results from partial least squares structural equation modeling explain the relationship between the emerging factors and consumers' need for P2P community. While individualized motivations were found to be significant in both samples, relational motivations were not, as Belgian consumers were less concerned about socially interacting with others. Additionally, consumers' curiosity was not found to be significantly related to the need for community in either sample. This study extends previous research using the UGT framework by generating knowledge on cross‐cultural differences of P2P community on social media; theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Synthesis of Bio‐Based Polymers and Adjuvants through Biomass Valorization: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Serra Sampaio Michel , Wojcieszak Robert , Itabaiana Junior Ivaldo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the synthesis of bio‐based polymers and compounds has grown due to greater environmental concerns and the need to develop green and sustainable products as substitutes for fossil derivatives. In this context, lignocellulosic biomass is an important source of raw materials, as it is abundant and low‐cost, in addition to its chemical variety. Thus, chemical catalysis and biocatalysis have been important tools for obtaining these high value‐added compounds. With the aim of detecting the current scenario, as well as the main challenges and opportunities in the production of bio‐based polymers through the valorization of biomass, this work carried out a technological investigation of articles published in the last 10 years, establishing a relationship between the conditions of each production route and its main challenges. The results show a growing number of publications in the last 6 years involving the application of biomass‐derived molecules as monomers to obtain various classes of polymers, where polyesters and polyurethanes have been the most studied. The use of heterogeneous chemical catalysts is still the predominant production strategy, due to the extreme conditions required for production. However, the application of enzymes such as lipases to obtain polyesters and microbial biotransformation to obtain polyhydroxyalkanoates have been emerging as promising strategies within the context of biorefineries. Almost all works are at the proof‐of‐concept stage, where most of the molecules produced have been obtained from synthetic starting materials, demonstrating the need to integrate technologies for obtaining monomers directly from biomass and synthesis protocols for the advent of new processes that are more sustainable and competitive with traditional routes.
Classical Gold Carbonyl Complexes in Tetrahedral and Trigonal‐Planar Settings
Authors: Vanga Mukundam , Muñoz‐Castro Alvaro , Dias H. V. Rasika 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA unique four‐coordinate, classical gold(I)‐carbonyl complex with substantial backdonation from gold has been isolated by using a B‐methylated and fluorinated tris(pyridyl)borate chelator. Its lighter silver(I) and copper(I) analogs enabled a study of trends in the coinage‐metal family. The B‐arylated ligand version also afforded a gold–carbon monoxide complex that displays a notably low C−O stretch value, but with trigonal planar geometry at the gold. A computational analysis shows that the AuI−CO bonds of these tris(pyridyl)borate ligand‐supported molecules consist of electrostatic attraction, OC→Au σ‐donation, and very significant Au→CO π‐back‐bonding components. The latter is responsible for the observed C−O stretching frequencies, which are lower than in free CO.
Dehydroleucodine and xanthatin, two natural anti‐inflammatory lactones, inhibit mast cell degranulation by affecting the actin cytoskeleton
Authors: Wetten Paula A. , Arismendi Sosa Andrea Celeste , Mariani María Laura , Vargas Patricia M. , Michaut Marcela Alejandra , Penissi Alicia Beatriz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractActin remodeling is a critical regulator of mast cell secretion. In previous work, we have shown that dehydroleucodine and xanthatin, two natural α,β‐unsaturated lactones, exhibit anti‐inflammatory and mast cell stabilizing properties. Based on this background, this study aimed to determine whether the mast cell stabilizing action of these lactones is associated with changes in the actin cytoskeleton. Rat peritoneal mast cells were preincubated in the presence of dehydroleucodine or xanthatin before incubation with compound 48/80. Comparative studies with sodium cromoglycate and latrunculin B were also made. After treatments, different assays were performed on mast cell samples: β‐hexosaminidase release, cell viability studies, quantification of mast cells and their state of degranulation by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and actin staining for microscopy observation. Results showed that dehydroleucodine and xanthatin inhibited mast cell degranulation, evidenced by the inhibition of β‐hexosaminidase release and decreased degranulated mast cell percentage. At the same time, both lactones altered the F‐actin cytoskeleton in mast cells resulting, similarly to Latrunculin B, in a higher concentration of nuclear F‐actin when activated by compound 48/80. For the first time, this study describes the biological properties of dehydroleucodine and xanthatin concerning to the rearrangement of actin filaments during stimulated exocytosis in mast cells. These data have important implications for developing new anti‐inflammatory and mast cell stabilizing drugs and for designing new small molecules that may interact with the actin cytoskeleton.
Efficient Assessment of ‘Instantaneous pK’ Values from Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Duchstein Patrick , Löffler Felix , Zahn Dirk 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present a molecular simulation approach to studying the role of local and momentary molecular environment for potential acid‐base reactions. For this, we combine thermodynamic considerations on the pK of ionic species with rapid sampling of energy changes related to (de)protonation. Using dispersed carbonate ions in water as a reference, our approach aims at the fast assessment of the momentary protonation energy, and thus the ‘instantaneous pK’, of calcium‐carbonate ion aggregates. The latter include transient complexes that are elusive to long sampling runs. This motivated the elaboration of approximate, yet particularly fast assessable sampling strategies. Along this line, we were able to characterize instantaneous pK values at a statistical accuracy of 0.4 pK units within sampling runs of only 10 ps duration, whereas statistical errors reduce to 0.1 pK units in 75 ps sampling runs, respectively. This readily enabled the required time resolution for the characterization of [Cax(CO3)y]2(x–y) aggregates with x=1,2 and y=1,2,3, respectively. In turn, the analysis of the pH‐dependent nature of calcite‐water interfaces and dynamically ordered liquid‐like oxyanion polymers (dollop) domains is outlined at 10 ps resolution.
Selective Reduction of Nitro Compounds by Organosilanes Catalyzed by a Zirconium Metal‐Organic Framework Supported Salicylaldimine‐Cobalt(II) Complex
Authors: Akhtar Naved , Chauhan Manav , Rana Bharti , Thadhani Chhaya , Kalita Rahul , Begum Wahida , Ghosh Biplab , Manna Kuntal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReducing nitro compounds to amines is a fundamental reaction in producing valuable chemicals in industry. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of a zirconium metal‐organic framework‐supported salicylaldimine‐cobalt(II) chloride (salim‐UiO‐CoCl) and its application in catalytic reduction of nitro compounds are reported. Salim‐UiO‐Co displayed excellent catalytic activity in chemoselective reduction of aromatic and aliphatic nitro compounds to the corresponding amines in the presence of phenylsilane as a reducing agent under mild reaction conditions. Salim‐UiO‐Co catalyzed nitro reduction had a broad substrate scope with excellent tolerance to diverse functional groups, including easily reducible ones such as aldehyde, keto, nitrile, and alkene. Salim‐UiO‐Co MOF catalyst could be recycled and reused at least 14 times without noticeable losing activity and selectivity. Density functional theory (DFT) studies along with spectroscopic analysis were employed to get into a comprehensive investigation of the reaction mechanism. This work underscores the significance of MOF‐supported single‐site base‐metal catalysts for the sustainable and cost‐effective synthesis of chemical feedstocks and fine chemicals.
How to drive sustainable entrepreneurial intentions: Unraveling the nexus of entrepreneurship education ecosystem, attitude and orientation
Authors: Rajpal Manpreet , Singh Bindu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhile the nexus of the entrepreneurial education (EE) framework shapes education policies and promotes entrepreneurial opportunities to achieve global sustainable development goals, studies on the potential mechanisms by which the ecosystem dimension of entrepreneurial education (EEE) influences entrepreneurial behavior are still scarce. To address these lacunae, this research study investigates the interaction between EEE elements (institutional environment, course curriculum, and academic incubators) and sustainable entrepreneurial intention (SEI) and in addition, examines the role of attitude towards sustainability (ATS) as a mediator from the resource dependence perspective, deploying the theories of planned behavior and social cognitive career. Furthermore, we examine the moderating role of sustainable entrepreneurial orientation (SEO) in the relationship between ATS and SEI. We developed and tested a model on a sample of 402 university and academic institution students with diverse academic backgrounds using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Results indicate that ecosystem elements of EE and attitudinal attributes are crucial factors in promoting SEI. The indirect impact of EEE involves fostering ATS, which in turn augment SEI. The results also reveal that SEO is a moderator that shapes attitudes and career intentions towards sustainable entrepreneurship. In sum, the present empirical study sheds light on the pathway to build sustainable entrepreneurial careers through analyzing the ecosystem framework of entrepreneurship education. Implications, limitations, and future research avenues are discussed in detail.
A novel two‐stage solution for low‐power 48‐V voltage regulator module (VRM) using high step‐down hybrid LLC with integrated planar transformer
Authors: Lu Song , Ma Hongbo , Yi Junhong , Li Xiaobin , Pan Yu , Xu Jianping 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIn this paper, a novel two‐stage solution based on a 1‐MHz high step‐down hybrid LLC converter is proposed for low‐power 48 V voltage regulator modules (VRM). Since the hybrid LLC DCX converter with high step‐down ability is employed as the first‐stage, lower bus voltage can be obtained with the same transformer turns, which contributes to enhancing the duty cycle and efficiency of the second‐stage multi‐phase buck converter. Thus, an overall efficiency improvement can be achieved in the proposed two‐stage system, especially in low‐power applications. To further improve efficiency and power density, a novel integrated planar transformer is adopted for the double resonant tanks of the hybrid LLC converter. To validate the analysis, a 150‐W hardware prototype of the hybrid LLC converter is constructed in the laboratory. To ensure a fair comparison with existing LLC DCX designs, the output voltage is set at 6 V. The measured efficiency results of the first‐stage demonstrate an efficiency advantage at low power output levels compared to the similar full bridge LLC designs, especially at an output of around 100 W. Under the nominal 48‐V input, the first‐stage achieves a peak efficiency of 98.5% and a full load efficiency of 94.62%. Furthermore, a 4‐phase buck converter with nominal 6‐V input and 1.6‐V output is constructed to evaluate the efficiency performance of the overall system. When the second stage operates at 500 kHz, the proposed two‐stage system achieves a peak efficiency of 93.2% at 40A load, while maintaining an efficiency of 91.2% at 65A output. The calculated efficiency of the proposed two‐stage solution exhibits higher performance compared to the majority of single‐stage schemes.