bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A promising method for promoting interfacial adhesion of aramid/rubber composite using atmospheric pressure plasma surface modification
Authors: Shakerinasab Ehsan , Bavi Ensieh Poshtkouhian , Balagna Cristina , Ferraris Monica 
Published: February 2024

AbstractToday, aramid fibers are well known as a high‐performance and ideal material for reinforcement purposes in rubber product manufacturing including hoses, tires, cables, and conveyors composites. However, surface modification of aramid fiber is necessary to solve poor interfacial adhesion between aramid fibers and the rubber matrix. Accordingly, in the present study, the effect of the surface modification of aramid fibers using atmospheric pressure plasma treatment with different precursors on adhesion to the rubber matrix was investigated. For that, the plasma coating was conducted using argon as the main working gas, and toluene, acetonitrile, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) as liquid precursors. The physical–chemical characterization of the layer confirmed the successful deposition of amorphous carbon, amorphous nitride‐carbon, SiO2, and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐like coating layers on the surface of aramid fibers by using toluene, acetonitrile, TEOS, and HMDSO as precursors, respectively. Overall, the result showed that the plasma surface modifications with acetonitrile precursor leads to the increase in interfacial adhesion of aramid/rubber composite, while retaining the tensile strength, and flame resistance properties of aramid as original fibers. Notably, the results of this study confirm the potential use of atmospheric pressure plasma for surface modification of aramid yarn to produce functional aramid for use in rubber composites.Highlights
The plasma‐coated aramid using HMDSO, TEOS, toluene, and acetonitrile precursors was prepared; and its effect on the tensile properties of aramid fiber as well as interfacial adhesion between aramid/rubber composite was investigated.
The positive effect of atmospheric pressure plasma coating using HMDSO precursor on the tensile properties of aramid fiber was revealed.
The positive effect of atmospheric pressure plasma coating using toluene and acetonitrile on the interfacial adhesion between aramid/rubber composite was revealed.
The positive effect of atmospheric pressure plasma coating using TEOS precursor on the flam resistance property of aramid fiber was revealed.
This study provides valuable insights into the effect of the different plasma‐coated organosilicon and hydrocarbon precursors on the interfacial adhesion between aramid/rubber composite.
Implementation of nickel and copper as cost‐effective alternative contacts in silicon solar cells
Authors: Unsur Veysel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEfficient metal contact formation is pivotal for the production of cost‐effective, high‐performance crystalline silicon (Si) solar cells. Traditionally, screen‐printed silver (Ag) contacts on the front surface have dominated the industry owing to their simplicity, high throughput, and significant electrical benefits. However, the high cost associated with using over 13–20 mg/Wp of Ag can impede the development of truly cost‐effective solar cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore alternative, economically viable metals compatible with silicon substrates. This study reports on the application of a contact stack consisting of Ag, nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu) in Si solar cells. To prevent Schottky contact formation, Ag is implemented as a seed layer, whereas Ni and Cu form the metal bulk layer. The fabricated bi‐layer stack without selective emitter exhibits a maximum efficiency of ~21.5%, a fill factor of 81.5%, and an average contact resistance of 5.88 mΩ·cm2 for a monofacial PERC cell. Microstructure analysis demonstrates that the metals within the contacts remain distinct, and Cu diffusion into the silicon during the firing process is absent. Consequently, printed bi‐layer contacts emerge as a promising alternative to Ag contacts, reducing the Ag consumption to below 2.5 mg/Wp per cell without compromising overall efficiency.
Serum markers for detecting histological features of autoimmune hepatitis and predicting prognosis in patients with antinuclear antibody‐positive drug‐induced liver injury
Authors: Zhang Feiyu , Jin Meishan , Xu Hongqin , Xiao Peng , Gao Yanhang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsAlthough useful for distinguishing drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) from autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), liver biopsy is an invasive examination, and the presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity in patients with DILI could lead to excessive use of biopsy. Hence, we aimed to identify screening markers for histological features of AIH in patients with ANA‐positive DILI and verify their clinical outcomes after 1 year.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients with ANA‐positive DILI, who underwent liver biopsy between January 2017 and April 2022. Two pathologists identified histological features of AIH. We detected the independent indicators associated with histological features of AIH using logistic regression. We evaluated their diagnostic ability for histological features of AIH using the receiver operating characteristic curve. The follow‐up period to determine clinical outcomes was 1 year after DILI onset. The χ2 test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical data and the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test was used to compare continuous variables. Two‐sided p < 0.05 was considered to indicate significance.ResultsThe final analysis included 125 patients with ANA‐positive DILI, of whom 18 had AIH‐like histology. Factors independently associated with AIH‐like histology included globulin levels (odds ratio [OR] = 1.154, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.046–1.288; p = 0.006) and ANA titer ≥ 1:1000 (OR = 3.531, 95% CI = 1.136–11.303; p = 0.029). The optimal globulin cutoff indicating AIH‐like histology was 31.8 g/L. This globulin level in combination with ANA titer ≥ 1:1000 (area under the curve = 0.785, 95% CI = 0.738–0.832) provided a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 57% for indicating histological features of AIH in patients with ANA‐positive DILI. During follow‐up, more patients developed AIH in the group with AIH‐like histology than in the group without AIH‐like histology (35.3% vs. 0, p < 0.001).ConclusionsFor patients with ANA‐positive DILI and ANA titer ≥ 1:1000 or globulin ≥ 31.8 g/L, liver biopsy is recommended to determine the presence of histological features of AIH and guide further monitoring.
The role of microfinance in improving living standards: Evidence from Tunisia
Authors: Miled Kamel Bel Hadj , Omri Anis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe main objective of this article is to investigate the effects of microfinance on poverty alleviation and improving living standards of poor households in Tunisia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that analyzes such topics in the Tunisian context. We employed Logistic regressions (both binomial and ordered logit) and Fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to examine the consequences of microfinance usage. Based on complexity theory, fsQCA contributes to the literature by generating a richer understanding of complex poverty phenomena. Overall, we find a positive and significant relationship between the amount of microcredit an individual receives and the improvement of the living standards of beneficiaries. The improvements mainly relate to increased income, improved health care, and more consistent attendance at school. This study shows the potential for microfinance to reduce poverty in Tunisia, especially in the period following the Arab spring.
Policies on child poverty eradication in Indonesia: The importance of a common understanding of children and poverty
Authors: Landiyanto Erlangga A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper reviews the policies on child poverty eradication in Indonesia. The review covers the definition of child poverty in Indonesian policy and regulation as well as government policies to eradicate child poverty. Based on the review, this paper argues that it is important to reconsider how children and child poverty are defined conceptually, as well as how that understanding influences the definition and measures of child poverty. Regulations and people's views define children and poverty in various ways. Furthermore, the effectiveness of poverty reduction strategies to eradicate child poverty should be contested because of mismatches between concept, regulations, strategies, interventions, and measures of child poverty.
Ni/Fe Bimetallic Atom Cluster Activate PMS To Promote 1O2 Production To Efficiently Remove BPA
Authors: Zhang Xiayan , Song Zhi , Liu Boxia , Liu Jialu , Huang Yeqiong , Han Dongxu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe advanced oxidation process based on peroxymonosulfate (PMS) is a new water purification strategy. In this work, Ni/Fe bimetallic atom cluster composite catalyst is prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis to stimulate PMS to produce high concentration singlet oxygen (1O2) and efficiently remove bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous solution. The experimental data show that in a broad pH range (pH=3–11), the removal rate of BPA by the non‐free radical pathway induced by 1O2 is close to 100 %, and the catalyst still has high stability after 5 cycles. The mechanism of BPA removal in NiFe−BC/PMS/BPA catalytic degradation system is investigated by quenching experiment. It is found that 1O2 in the system is the most important active component in the degradation process of BPA, and a high concentration of 1O2 could promote the rapid degradation of BPA in solution. In this paper, the high catalytic activity and selectivity of bimetallic atomic cluster catalysts can provide new insights for the treatment of phenolic wastewater.
One‐Step Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Cannabidiol: Characterisation and Cytotoxicity Assessment in Human Keratinocyte Cells
Authors: Josiah Andrea Jess , Pillai Sreejarani Kesavan , Cordier Werner , Nell Margo , Lall Namrita , Twilley Danielle , Ray Suprakas Sinha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research paper explores the field of nanobiotechnology, focusing on the design, characterisation, and potential dermal applications of metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs). ZnO and FeO NPs exhibit distinctive properties that are valuable in dermato‐cosmetic applications and transdermal drug delivery. This study investigates Cannabidiol (CBD) as a capping agent for MONPs synthesis. Employing microwave‐assisted techniques, MONPs were synthesised using either CBD or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as capping agents. The TEM, SEM, FTIR, and XRD characterisation results confirmed the successful formation of CBD‐capped ZnO and FeO NPs exhibiting an average particle size of 90 and 76 nm, respectively. The cytotoxicity of CBD‐capped MONPs was evaluated on HaCaT cells over a concentration range of 100 to 6.25 μg/mL, which revealed that CBD‐capped ZnO NPs exerted a cytotoxic effect on HaCaT cells (IC50 85.34±1.17 μg/mL). In contrast, CBD‐capped FeO NPs and PVP‐capped MONPs exhibited negligible cytotoxicity (IC50 >100 μg/mL). TEM analysis revealed a noticeable structural alteration of ZnO NPs in the supplemented cell culture medium, which could contribute to enhanced NP uptake, thereby explaining the more pronounced cytotoxic effect of ZnO NPs. Therefore, the disparity in cytotoxic responses can be attributed to the protein coating adhering to the NPs surface in a biological medium.
A fluorescent probe for turn‐on sensing of glutathione using red emitting gold nanoclusters
Authors: Varghese Susan , Madanan Anju S. , Abraham Merin K. , Shkhair Ali Ibrahim , Indongo Geneva , Rajeevan Greeshma , S Vijila N. , George Sony 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlutathione (GSH), an oxidative stress biomarker plays a major role in different pathological processes and lead to a vast number of diseases including cancer. Biologically, cystine uptake is a fundamental factor in maintaining GSH levels in cells; however, the interaction between cystine and GSH in biological systems is least explored in developing sensors for GSH. In the present work, we have explored this interaction as the fundamental factor in “turn‐on” sensing of GSH from body fluids using a fluorescent gold nanocluster platform. The experimental results revealed that the probe displayed appreciable performance for GSH over a linear range from 0.2 mM to 1.3 mM with a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.43 μM. The probe also revealed sensitive as well as selective response towards GSH even in the presence of possible co‐existing interferants and provided satisfactory recovery percentage of 94.17 % to 108.12 % from real serum samples. These findings of the present study can be extended in future applications of sensing GSH from clinical samples.
1,3,5‐Benzene Tricarboxylic Acid Based Cocrystals With Selective Semiconductivity via H‐coupled Charge Transfer
Authors: Sarkar Sudip , Shil Suranjan , De Gobinda Chandra , Ghosh Sushobhan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTwo organic cocrystals, one (1) based on benzene 1,3,5 tricarboxylic acid (TMA) plus 4‐amino pyridine and another (2) based on benzene 1,3,5 tricarboxylic acid (TMA) plus urea is reported. Cocrystals 1 and 2 are fully characterized by single crystal X ray diffraction, NMR and IR spectroscopy. The single crystal X ray diffraction shows the intermolecular H‐bonding interaction between components of the pairs TMA‐TMA as well as TMA‐4 amino pyridine and TMA‐Urea molecules. The conductivity studies for the cocrystal 1 shows semiconducting behavior whereas cocrystal 2remain as insulator under the same experimental condition. Computational studies with theoretically optimized structures as well as experimental X‐ray structures of both the cocrystals reveal the origin of conductivity as the H‐atom coupled charge transfer through the intermolecular H‐bonding between TMA and 4‐amino pyridine in cocrystal 1.
Visible Light‐Induced Synthesis of Fluorenes from α‐Biaryldiazoacetates
Authors: Wang Tie , Bashir Muhammad Adnan , Ding Rui , Bao Xinye , Zhang Hai‐Jun , Zhong Fangrui , Zhai Hongbin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCarbenes are pivotal reactive intermediates for accessing a wide range of complex molecules, which are frequently used in chemical synthesis and medicinal advancement. We have developed a convenient approach to fluorenes from α‐biaryldiazoacetates via low‐energy blue light‐induced photochemical generation of a carbene intermediate, where the reaction took place at room temperature without any catalysts, bases, or oxidants in acetonitrile. The present catalyst‐free and operationally simple approach enables highly efficient annulation of α‐biaryldiazoacetates under mild reaction conditions.
High‐Purity Template‐Free Mesoporous Silica Synthesized FROM Coal Fly Ash
Authors: Manyepedza Thapelo , Gaolefufa Emmanuel , Beas Isaac N. , Kabomo Moses T. , Modukanele Bakang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study demonstrates a new method to create high‐purity mesoporous silica from coal fly ash without using structure‐directing agents. Divided into two stages, the process involves pre‐treating the ash with Na2CO3, calcination, cooling, washing, and drying to yield a dehydrated sample. Subsequently, silica synthesis occurs through an acid refluxing technique using thermally activated coal fly ash with Na2CO3. Key factors impacting synthesis include acid content and liquid‐to‐solid ratio. The study extensively employs various characterization methods like XRF, XRD, FTIR, and BET analysis, revealing a 99.1 % purity in silica content, a surface area of 793.51 m2/g, and a pore size of 3.9 nm. Optimal conditions for this synthesis involve 80 °C temperature, 2‐hour reaction time, 25 % hydrochloric acid concentration, and a 10 : 1 liquid‐to‐solid ratio. FTIR spectra demonstrate similarities between the obtained silica and commercial Sigma Aldrich silica. This innovative approach presents a promising avenue for generating top‐quality silica from coal fly ash, potentially diversifying applications across industries reliant on high‐performance silica materials.
Self‐Powered Colorful Dynamic Electrowetting Display Systems Based on Triboelectricity
Authors: Dai Xingyi , Yang Jingkun , Shu Chang , Liang Qihua , Han Jiaxin , Wu Yinghui , Chen Miao , Cao Yajun , Ju Xiangrong , Sun Hailing , Huang Long‐Biao , Zhou Guofu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectrowetting displays (EWDs) based on microfluidics are highly sought after in the fields of electronic devices, smart homes, and information communication. However, the power supply of the EWD systems for visually engaging multi‐color displays remains a big challenge. Herein, self‐powered colorful dynamic display systems are developed by integrating the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with the EWD device. The TENG is designed with a nanotube‐patterned surface and can generate open‐circuit voltages ranging from 30 to 295 V by controlling the contact area. The wetting property of the micro‐droplet exhibits a response to the applied voltage, enabling the triboelectricity‐triggered electrowetting‐on‐dielectric. Driven by the voltage of 160 V, the monochromatic EWD exhibits bright color switching from magenta to transparent with a pixel aperture ratio of 78%, and the recovery process can be rapidly completed. Furthermore, the self‐powered colorful dynamic EWD system can be achieved. By selectively applying the voltage to the pixels in the three monochromatic layers that constitute the colorful EWD, the wetting properties of the fluids can be controlled, allowing for colorful dynamic display. This work contributes to the advancement of color display technology for portable and wearable electronic ink displays, indoor and outdoor sports equipment, and information communication.
Hybrid KuFaI: A novel secure key generation algorithm using fast independent component analysis for physical layer security techniques
Authors: Sarsodia Tapesh , Bhatt Uma Rathore , Upadhyay Raksha , Bhat Vijay 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMany real‐world applications, such as smart cities, industrial automation, health care, and so forth, utilize IoT‐enabled devices as a part of wireless networks. IoT devices must have low power and low computation complexity requirements with proper measures of security challenges. Since traditional cryptography techniques are not computationally efficient, other alternatives, such as physical layer key generation (PLKG), is one of the attractive means to achieve security. In this paper, we propose to use a fast independent component analysis (FICA) based KuFaI (Kurtosis and FICA) algorithm for a secured PLKG system. This method reduces data dimensions and improves system performance regarding Bit Disagreement Rate (BDR) and randomness. In KuFaI, we rearrange the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) data set using FICA and then select components based on the kurtosis function. Results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is far better than the previously used PCA‐based algorithm.
Institutional Votes at the XX International Botanical Congress, Madrid, 2024: Report of the Committee on Institutional Votes
Authors:   Committee on Institutional Votes,   Members of the Committee, Ulloa Ulloa Carmen , Turland Nicholas J. , Freire‐Fierro Alina , Ge Bin‐Jie , Milne Josephine , Muasya A. Muthama , Proćków Jarosław , Iturriaga Teresa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Committee on Institutional Votes was established at the XIX International Botanical Congress (IBC), in Shenzhen in 2017, with the mandate to maintain a list of institutions and their allocated votes for the upcoming IBC, the next of which will be the XX IBC in Madrid in July 2024. Institutions worldwide were informed of the mechanism to apply for one or more institutional votes or to request a change in previously allocated votes. Forty applications were received by the Committee, of which 28 were from institutions new to the list, 9 requested an increase in allocated votes and 3 requested no change to allocated votes. All requests were accepted, two of them partly so. Adjustments were also made for two institutions that had been closed or transferred. The Committee sent a draft of this report together with the revised list for Madrid to the General Committee for final approval, as required by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. The General Committee approved the list, which is now presented here. The total number of institutions on the list is 572; the total number of institutional votes that could potentially be exercised is 970. Only 30.4% of institutions exercised their votes in Shenzhen in 2017. Institutions are urged to exercise their votes in Madrid in 2024, and instructions for this are provided.
Let's Hear it from Them: An Interview‐Based Exploration of Male Teachers' Perceptions of Gender Imbalance in the English Language Teaching Profession
Authors: Wright Natalia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe presence of gender disparities, marked by a shortage of male teachers, has been a longstanding concern within the TESOL profession. Drawing on the concept of human flourishing, which advocates for equality and respect beyond gender and social standing, this research seeks to challenge gender stereotyping in foreign language teaching. Guided by personal observations and the stories of three male English language teachers, this article seeks to answer how male ESL/EFL teachers perceive gender playing out in their careers. By examining their perezhivaniya, or lived experiences, the study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the gender dynamics within TESOL, filling a critical gap in the existing literature and offering new insights into the subjective emotional experiences shaping the professional lives of male teachers in this field. The research demonstrates how the feminization of the ELT environment affects their sense of self‐worth and fulfillment and ultimately their commitment to stay in the profession.
English Language Teachers' Emotional Vulnerability in the Era of Self‐Branding on Social Media
Authors: Nejadghanbar Hassan , Song Juyoung , Hu Guangwei 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to explore English language teachers' vulnerability and identity negotiation in relation to self‐branding on social media. It focused on 15 Iranian teachers' experiences in teaching and self‐promotion on Instagram through narrative frames and follow‐up interviews. The analysis of the teacher narratives demonstrated that the new online context that valorizes visibility by demanding audience appealing content and personalities generated a great amount of vulnerability among the language teachers. The results evidenced the teachers' constant struggles in competing against those who seemingly possess superior skills and resources for self‐promotion and their resistance to the “rules of the game” in gaining quick visibility. They shed light on language teachers' vulnerability and identity negotiation in their efforts to present themselves as authentic and legitimate teachers on Instagram against popular, self‐branded individuals. Highlighting the intersection of language teaching, emotion, and identity, this study provides theoretical and pedagogical implications for language teacher identity in a shifting teaching context.
Possible Qualification Pathways for In Silico Methodologies
Authors: Viceconti Marco , Serigado Alexandre , Rousseau Cécile F. , Voisin Emmanuelle M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRegulatory science is ultimately a matter of trust. You need to trust that certain evidence, when obtained with certain methodologies, is sufficient to inform about a new medical product's safety and/or efficacy.