bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deliberate self-harm among pediatric psychiatric inpatients in China: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Jiang Xingzhi , Wang Chen , Yu Zhenzhen Z 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: For children and adolescents, deliberate self-harm (DSH) is becoming a mental health problem of concern. Despite several studies on the prevalence and factor of DSH in world, there is little information of DSH about children and adolescents in China. This study explores the prevalence, types, associated risk factors and tendency of DSH in pediatric psychiatric inpatients in China.
Method: In this study, we retrospectively studied 1414 hospitalized children and adolescents with mental illness at Xiamen Mental Health Center from 2014 to 2019, extracted the demographic and clinical data of all patients, and analyzed clinical risk factors of DSH.
Results: A total of 239 (16.90%) patients engaged in at least one type of DSH in our study. Cutting (n=115, 48.12%) was the most common type of DSH. Females (n=171, 71.55%) were more likely to engage in DSH than males (n=68, 28.45%). DSH was positively associated with depressive disorders (OR=3.845 (2.196~6.732); p<0.01), female (OR=2.536 (1.815~3.542); p<0.01), parental marital status (OR=5.387 (2.254~12.875); p<0.01) and negative family history of psychiatric illness(OR=7.767 (2.952~20.433); p<0.01), but not with occupation, bad behaviorand history of physical abuse.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that for patients with depression, female, abnormal marriage of parents, and no history of mental illness, attention should be paid to the occurrence of DSH.
MRI-based radiomics models predict cystic brain radionecrosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma after intensity modulated radiotherapy
Authors: Hou Jing , He Yun , li handong , lu qiang , lin huashan , zeng biao , xie chuanmiao , yu xiaoping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To construct radiomics models based on MRI at different time points for the early prediction of cystic brain radionecrosis (CBRN) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Methods
A total of 202 injured temporal lobes from 155 NPC patients with radiotherapy-induced temporal lobe injury (RTLI) after intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were included in the study. All the injured lobes were randomly divided into the training (n = 143) and validation (n = 59) sets. Radiomics models were constructed by using features extracted from T2WI at two different time points: at the end of IMRT (post-IMRT) and the first-detected RTLI (first-RTLI). A delta-radiomics feature was defined as the percentage change in a radiomics feature from post-IMRT to first-RTLI. The radiomics nomogram was constructed by combining clinical risk factors and radiomics signatures using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Predictive performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis, and the area under the curve (AUC) values of the different models were compared by DeLong test.
Results
The post-IMRT, first-RTLI, and delta-radiomics models yielded AUC values of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76–0.92), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78–0.94), and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.67–0.87), respectively. The nomogram, which combined the history of drinking, post-IMRT, first-RTLI, and delta-radscores, exhibited the highest AUC of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85–0.97) compared to any single radiomics model. However, there were no statistically significant differences observed between the nomogram and post-IMRT radiomics model, as well as between the nomogram and first-RTLI radiomics model.
Conclusion
MRI-based radiomics model may be helpful to predict CBRN in advance as early as at the end of IMRT for NPC patients.
Effect of thermal maturity on carbazole distributions: insights from compaction pyrolysis experiment of coal
Authors: Bao Jian , Liu Yan , Fan Yunpeng , Xu Yaohui , Ding Kangle , Wen Zhigang , Li Yang , Gao Ye , Zhang Cunyang , Li Lu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Carbazole compounds are widely used in determining the direction of hydrocarbon migration, but the effect of thermal maturity on carbazoles remains unclear. In this paper, using compaction pyrolysis simulation experiments, artificial mature samples with vitrinite reflectance (Ro) range from 0.38–3.0% were acquired. And the content and composition change characteristics of carbazole compounds were analyzed. The results showed that thermal maturity had a significant influence on the content of carbazole compounds. Compared with the low mature stage, the content of carbazole compounds was about 10 to 100 times higher in the mature stage. With the increasing maturity, in the coal sample, the content of carbazole compounds showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The formation of carbazole compounds was later than generation of hydrocarbon, suggesting carbazoles mainly produced by the thermal degradation of kerogen. In derivatives of carbazole, the corresponding maturity for the maximum generation of ethylcarbazole (EC), dimethylcarbazole (DMCA), methylcarbazole (MCA), carbazole (CA) and benzocarbazole (BCA) performed the increasing sequence. The timing of reaching the maximum content of carbazole compounds is related to the number and type of substituents. The more substituents and longer branches result earlier formation peak. With the increasing maturity, the relative abundance of 2-MCA, 1,7-DMCA and benzo[a]carbazole increased with the increasing maturity, the relative abundance of 1,5-DMCA remained almost unchanged, while 4-MCA, 1,4-DMCA and benzo[c]carbazole gradually decreased. The commonly used parameters as indicators of hydrocarbon migration were greatly affected by maturity. Therefore, when using carbazole compounds as geochemical parameters, it is necessary to fully consider the impact of thermal maturity on them, and avoid transport fractionation or other factors masking the true maturity effect.
Chondroprotective effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell- derived exosomes in osteoarthritis
Authors: Cheng Shi , Xu Xiangning , Wang Ren , Chen Weijie , Qin Kunhan , Yan Jinglong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Chondrocyte ferroptosis constitutes a major cause of the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) have a protective role against ferroptosis in various diseases. Hence, we aimed to determine whether BMSC-Exos alleviated chondrocyte ferroptosis and its effect on OA, and to dissect out the possible mechanisms.
Methods
An OA rat chondrocyte model was established by interleukin-1β (IL-1β) exposure, and treated with BMSC-Exos/ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1. Cell viability/ferroptosis-related index levels [reactive oxygen species (ROS)/malondialdehyde (MDA)/glutathione (GSH)]/cell death/ACSL4 mRNA and protein levels and METTL3 levels were assessed by MTT/kits/immunohistochemical method and TUNEL staining/RT-qPCR and Western blot. METTL3/ACSL4 were overexpressed in chondrocytes to evaluate their role in BMSC-Exo-produced repression on chondrocyte ferroptosis. Bioinformatics website predicted the presence of m6A modification sites on ACSL4 mRNA, with the m6A level enriched on it assessed by MeRIP/RT-qPCR. ACSL4 mRNA stability was detected by actinomycin D assay. A surgical destabilized medial meniscus rat OA model was also established, followed by injection with BMSC-Exos to verify their function.
Results
IL-1β stimulation in chondrocytes inhibited cell viability, elevated Fe2+/ROS/MDA levels, declined GSH levels and increased TUNEL positive cell number and ACSL4 level, which were neutralized by BMSC-Exos. BMSC-Exos limited chondrocyte ferroptosis by down-regulating METTL3, with the effect abrogated by METTL3 overexpression. METTL3 regulated the m6A modification of ACSL4 mRNA, increasing ACSL4 mRNA stability and ACSL4 expression. BMSC-Exos reduced chondrocyte ferroptosis and prevented OA progression via disruption of the METTL3-m6A-ACSL4 axis.
Conclusion
BMSC-Exos might exert a chondroprotective effect by attenuating chondrocyte ferroptosis and alleviate OA progression.
Relationship between examined lymph nodecounts and postoperative complications ofesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and Riskprediction of postoperative pulmonarycomplications
Authors: Tang Yuntao , Li Jialu , Song Qifeng , Yuan Bo , Shi Qingtong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Previous studies have confirmed the significant impact of examinedlymph node counts (ELNs), positive lymph node counts (PLNs), and postoperative complications on the overall survival rate of patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma (ECSS). However, the relationship between the ELNs, PLNs,and postoperative complications remains to be determined.The present studyexplores the relationship between ELNs, PLNs and postoperative complications.
Methods:
Retrospective analysis of 166 patients undergoing radical surgery forESCC. Perform univariate and multivariate analyses to explain the correlationamong ELNs, PLNs, and postoperative complications. Furthermore, the factorsthat may impact ELNs were determined. Logistic regression analysis was utilizedin this study to pinpoint the significant factors that influence postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs).And developed predictive models to create receiveroperating characteristics (ROC) and compute the area under the curve (AUC).A nomogram was developed, and calibration curves and decision curves wereplotted.
Results:
Among all patients, 24 anastomotic leak and 82 PPCs developed postoperatively. The mean lymph node count was 19.24, with 88 (53.0%) patientshaving a lymph node count greater than 19, of whom 58 (34.9%) had lymphnode metastases. Univariate analysis showed no correlation between ELNs, PLNs,and postoperative anastomotic Leak, and multifactorial analysis revealed independent risk factors for PPCs, including BMI:<18.5 kg/m2, Operation method,ELNs, and PLNs. Combining these four factors creates a prediction model forPPCs AUC=0.772 (95% CI: 0.701-0.844, P<0.001).
Conclusion:
BMI:<18.5 kg/m2, Operation method, ELNs, and PLNs were independent risk factors for PPCs and were strongly associated with the occurrenceof PPCs (P<0.05). Four factors were statistically significant as predictive modelsfor the event of ESCC PPCs. Our predictive model demonstrates high specificityin predicting outcomes and is easily accessible in clinical settings.
Size effect of holes in rock-like materials containing flaws on failure behaviors and fracture characteristics
Authors: Yu Jun , Yao Yilin , Wang Kezhong , Xu Pengfei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Soft rock widely exists in nature with multi-crack low strength due to large pores, poor cementation, like mudstone, shale. At the same time, the influence of geological structure movement, the formations of various defects were formed in soft rock, such as cracks, cavities and so on. Due to the difficulty of sampling, rubber mortar is used to simulate the failure mechanism and fracture evolution of soft rock containing holes. Rubber mortar is a material similar to soft rock with low strength formed by partially replacing sand with rubber particles. In order to evaluate the failure behavior of soft rock with multiple cracks, rubber mortar with different diameters holes and cracks was prefabricated. Uniaxial compression test and DIC (digital image correlation) technique were used to reveal the failure mechanism and process. The results show that diameters of holes is small, wing cracks initiated the tip of cracks and with diameters increasing, initiation cracks developed to holes until only to start holes. Next, failure modes have one type: direct coalescence. Finally, Superposition principle and elastic-plastic fracture mechanics are used to analyze this failure mechanism for local stress to cause the damage. In sum, the experiment has uncovered successfully mesoscopic failure laws and macroscopic fracture mechanism of soft rock containing holes and fissures. The conclusions can be provided the references to design, construction and maintenance of deep tunnel engineering.
Zika virus prevention behaviors and knowledge among male partners of pregnant people, a cross-sectional analysis from the Zika en Embarazadas y Niños (ZEN) prospective cohort study, Colombia
Authors: Sancken Christina L , Tannis Ayzsa , Amouzou Sandra A , Burkel Veronica , Carlson Jeffrey M , Newton Suzanne , Gilboa Suzanne M , Gonzalez Maritza , Valencia Diana , Tong Van T , Ospina Martha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnancy can cause brain and eye abnormalities and neurodevelopmental sequelae. In the absence of medical countermeasures, behavioral interventions were recommended to prevent mosquito bites and sexual transmission of ZIKV.
Methods: We used self-reported data from the Zika en Embarazadas y Niños (ZEN) prospective cohort study in Colombia to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to ZIKV prevention in male partners compared to those of their pregnant partners at study enrollment during February 2017 – February 2018.
Results: Most male partners reported wearing protective clothing such as long pants (97.6%) and long sleeves (72.8%), as well as covering ankles and feet (89.1%) to prevent ZIKV infection. When comparing the preventive behavior of condom use between male and pregnant partners, 26 pairs (10.0%) both responded that they performed the behavior. Overall, 25.1% of male partners and 18.9% of pregnant people reported any condom use during the three months before enrolling in ZEN. When comparing other preventive behaviors between male and pregnant partners, the behavior which was most frequently reported by both partners was wearing long pants (85.4%), and the least frequently reported by both partners was using condoms after finding out about a partner’s pregnancy (3.4%).
Conclusions: These findings provide new information on the behaviors used by male partners to prevent ZIKV infection during the outbreak in Colombia and can be used to inform future ZIKV and other arbovirus prevention strategies that include both pregnant people and their partners.
Political yardstick competition and equalization grants in the laboratory
Authors: Liddo Giuseppe Di , Morone Andrea , Porcelli Francesco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent empirical research has explored the hypothesis that fiscal disparities may lead to
bias in yardstick competition between rent-seeking local administrators when voters are affected
by information asymmetry. Allers (2012) argues that equalizing grants may correct this bias; Di
Liddo and Morone (2017, 2022) conducted laboratory experiments to study the correlation
between fiscal disparities, grants, and yardstick competition, considering only discretionary grants,
revenue-based grants, and grants computed on the difference between fiscal capacity and
expenditure needs.
In this paper, we extend the analysis in two ways. First, we provide theoretical insights on the
effect of equalization grants on yardstick competition. Second, we conduct a laboratory
experiment that extends the previous analyses by comparing the four most common equalization
formulas. Our findings indicate a clear inverse correlation between fiscal disparity and voters' rent
detection ability, as well as a positive effect of fiscal equalization on citizens' ability to detect
corruption, depending on the equalization formula adopted.
Involvement of sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling in insulin-like growth factor-II/ mannose 6-phosphate receptor trafficking from endosome to the trans-Golgi network
Authors: Okada Taro , Nishida Susumu , Kajimoto Taketoshi , Nakamura Shun-ichi , Matovelo Shubi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The insulin-like growth factor II/mannose 6-phosphate (IGF-II/M6P) receptor is a multifunctional glycoprotein not only play roles in IGFII degradation and pro-TGFβ activation but binding to and transport M6P-bearing lysosomal enzymes from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) or the cell surface to lysosomes. At present, information regarding a retrograde transport of IGF-II/M6P receptor from endosomes to the TGN is still limited. We show here that a continuous ligand-dependent activation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor type 3 (S1P3R) on the endosomal membranes is required for subsequent recycling back of cargo-unloaded IGF-II/M6P receptors to the TGN. We have further clarified that Gq coupled with S1P3R plays a critical role in the activation of casein kinase 2, which phosphorylates and keeps PACS1 connector protein active for the association with IGF-II/M6P receptors, which enables transport carrier formation with the aid of other adaptor proteins toward the TGN. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying how continuous activation of the S1P receptor and subsequent downstream Gq signaling regulates the retrograde transport of the empty IGF-II/M6P receptors back to the TGN.
An in silico model of the capturing of magnetic nanoparticles in tumour spheroids in the presence of flow
Authors: Wirthl Barbara , Janko Christina , Lyer Stefan , Schrefler Bernhard A. , Alexiou Christoph , Wall Wolfgang A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

One of the main challenges in improving the efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs is that they do not reach the cancer cells at sufficiently high doses while at the same time affecting healthy tissue and causing significant side effects and suffering in cancer patients. To overcome this deficiency, magnetic nanoparticles as transporter systems have emerged as a promising approach to achieve more specific tumour targeting. Drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles can be directed to the target tissue by applying an external magnetic field. However, the magnetic forces exerted on the nanoparticles fall off rapidly with distance, making the tumour targeting challenging, even more so in the presence of flowing blood or interstitial fluid. We therefore present a computational model of the capturing of magnetic nanoparticles in a test setup: our model includes the flow around the tumour, the magnetic forces that guide the nanoparticles, and the transport within the tumour. We show how a model for the transport of magnetic nanoparticles in an external magnetic field can be integrated with a multiphase tumour model based on the theory of porous media. Our approach based on the underlying physical mechanisms can provide crucial insights into mechanisms that cannot be studied conclusively in experimental research alone. Such a computational model enables an efficient and systematic exploration of the nanoparticle design space, first in a controlled test setup and then in more complexin vivoscenarios. As an effective tool for minimising costly trial-and-error design methods, it expedites translation into clinical practice to improve therapeutic outcomes and limit adverse effects for cancer patients.
Effekte der Teilnahme am Wahlpflichtfach Coding und Robotik auf die Entwicklung des Fähigkeitsselbstkonzepts bei Schüler:innen der Sekundarstufe I im österreichischen Burgenland
Authors: Leitgeb Thomas , Rollett Wolfram , Zimmermann Alexander 
Published: October 2023

Aufgrund der zunehmend alle Lebensbereiche durchdringenden Digitalisierung reichen Kompetenzen, wie sie im traditionellen schulischen Curriculum der Sekundarstufe vermittelt werden, für eine erfolgreiche gesellschaftliche Teilhabe nicht mehr aus. International wird diesem Umstand durch die Entwicklung und Implementierung schulischer Curricula, die sich am Konzept des Computational Thinkings (CT) in Verbindung mit Educational Robotics (ER) orientieren, Rechnung getragen. Wenn dabei lebensweltliche Problemstellungen anschaulich anhand von digitalen Technologien bearbeitet werden, können auf diese Weise eine Reihe digitaler Kompetenzen aber auch verschiedene kognitive, soziale und motivationale Kompetenzen gefördert werden. Diesem Ansatz folgt das im österreichischen Burgenland in der Sekundarstufe I eingeführte Wahlpflichtfach (Wpf.) Coding und Robotik (C & R). In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird untersucht, ob sich für die an dem Wpf. teilnehmenden Schüler:innen Effekte auf das Fähigkeitsselbstkonzept (FSK) im Umgang mit digitalen Medien bzw. digitalen Technologien und in Bezug auf das schulbezogene akademische Selbstkonzept zeigen. In einer längsschnittlichen Vollerhebung wurden dazu 1.383 Schüler:innen der siebenten Schulstufe an burgenländischen Mittelschulen zu drei Zeitpunkten (Beginn, Mitte und Ende des Schuljahres 2018/19) untersucht. 404 der Schüler:innen besuchten das Wpf. C & R, 979 andere Wahlpflichtfächer. Die Ergebnisse stützen die Annahme, dass sich schulische Lernarrangements, die CT in Verbindung mit ER aufgreifen, günstig auf die Entwicklung eines positiven FSK der Schüler:innen auswirken.
Классические и активирующие химерные антигенные рецепторы PD-1 как элемент мультитаргетного подхода в лечении гематологических и солидных новообразований
Authors: Левчук Ксения Александровна , Голдаева А. А. , Столярова Е. А. , Матейкович П. А. , Валиуллина А. Х. , Булатов Э. Р. , Петухов А. В. , Дакс А. А. , Барлев Н. А. , Байдюк Е. В. , Торопова Я. Г. 
Published: October 2023

Aim. To generate anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors carrying extracellular domain PD-1 as antigen-recognizing site and to study their cytolytic activity as well as to functionally assess the anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors in vitro with a view to apply them in multi-targeted tumor therapy.
Materials & Methods. Chimeric antigen receptor PD-1 was constructed using molecular cloning of PD-1 antigen-recognizing region (12–170 amino acids) into mammalian expression plasmid vector adding activation and co-stimulatory domains. Primary Т-lymphocytes of healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear fraction were derived by expanding monoclonal antibody combination on surface markers CD3/CD28. Anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors were obtained by lentiviral transduction of primary T-lymphocyte genome of a healthy donor. Chimeric antigen receptor PD-1 expression and transduction efficiency were assessed by flow cytofluorometry. Specific cytotoxicity of the anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors was analyzed in vitro by means of real-time cytotoxicity assay (RTCA) with HeLa_PD-L1 target cell line co-cultivation. The level of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17A was assessed by flow cytofluorometry using Human Th1/Th2/Th17 CBA Kit (BD, USA).
Results. The efficiency of lentiviral transduction and the proportion of the anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors were 42 %. The specificity of cytotoxic response of the anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors with a low effector/tumor ratio (1:20) was verified during HeLa_PD-L1 co-cultivation by a 1.5-fold decrease in the cell index (CI = 0.738) versus control (CI = 1.0645). The increase in synthesis of cytokines IL-2 (1000 pg/mL), IL-6 (438.5 pg/mL), TNF-α (44 pg/mL), and IFN-γ (1034 pg/mL) during HeLa_PD-L1 target cell line co-cultivation confirms the functionality of the analyzed effector cells.
Conclusion. Anti-PD-L1 chimeric antigen receptor was constructed and tested in vitro. Anti-PD-L1 CAR-T lymphocytes specifically recognize and promote the cytolysis of tumor target cells by increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2. Chimeric antigen receptor PD-1 can be modified into chimeric switch receptor (CSR) by deleting CD3ζ-domain and can be used together with other CARs without predicted non-specific toxicity.