bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal stent implantation using a water injection device with carbon dioxide and transparent cap: A case report
Authors: Wang Changxiong , Wu Jianye , Zhang Xiaoqin , Lu Xianbao 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Preoperative endoscopic intestinal stent placement can relieve the symptoms of malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) pending investigations, staging, and surgery, but it is a technically challenging procedure. This paper presents a woman with MBO who successfully underwent intestinal stent implantation using a water injection device with carbon dioxide and a transparent cap.

Patient concerns:
We reported a technique for endoscopic intestinal stent placement. A 60-year-old female patient was admitted for abdominal pain and poor bowel movement for 10 days. Computed tomography at a local hospital suggested local stenosis.

Diagnoses:
A transparent cap was placed in front of a gastroscope and was used to cross part of the stenotic segment, with water being injected to fill the intestinal cavity continuously. An angiographic catheter was sent along the yellow zebra guidewire passing through the stenotic segment. After exchanging for a colonoscope, a 12-cm intestinal stent was placed along the guidewire.

Interventions:
The physician used a single-person water injection-assisted colonoscopy technique in combination with a carbon dioxide gas pump to assist with the air insufflation for colonoscope insertion through the lumen and repeatedly injected water solution to ensure a transparent colonoscopic view.

Outcomes:
No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. One week after endoscopic intestinal stent placement, the patient underwent radical left hemicolectomy for colon cancer and release of bowel adhesion. The postoperative pathology revealed adenocarcinoma with perineural invasion. The patient recovered well after surgery.

Lessons:
Single-person intestinal stent implantation using a water injection device with carbon dioxide and a transparent cap can achieve endoscopic intestinal stent placement for MBO.
Association between parental occupational exposure and the risk of asthma in offspring: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Ren Xiaoting , Wang Lie , Wang Zhongtian , Wang Lei , Kong Yibu , Guo Yinan , Sun Liping 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Previous epidemiological studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the relation between the risk of asthma in offspring and parental occupational exposure. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive and systematic collection of currently available epidemiological data to quantify the correlation between the 2.

Methods:
Related studies published before March 2023 were identified through searches of the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, while pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using fixed-effect or random-effects models.

Results:
This systematic review included 10 cohort studies, with a total of 89,571 parent-child pairs included in the quantitative analysis. The results exhibited a substantial association between parental occupational exposure to allergens (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.23; P = .051) and irritants (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.32; P = .001) and an increased risk of asthma in offspring. This association was also observed in the analysis of wheezing (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.35; P < .001 and OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.32; P = .001). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that maternal occupational exposure to allergens (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.12; P = .008) and irritants (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.21; P = .001) significantly increased the risk of childhood asthma. Furthermore, parental postnatal occupational exposure to allergens (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.46; P = .001) and irritants (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.49; P = .009) had a more pronounced impact on childhood asthma. Higher levels of exposure (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.46; P = .001 and OR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.47; P < .001) were recognized as significant risk factors for childhood asthma.

Conclusion:
Parental occupational exposure to allergens and irritants increases the risk of asthma and wheezing in offspring, with maternal exposure, postnatal exposure, and high-dose exposure being the primary risk factors for childhood asthma.
Rhabdomyolysis in a patient with end-stage renal disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report
Authors: Lu Wenhui , Li Xiaoying , You Wenyi , Gong Rui 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Rhabdomyolysis can be an uncommon complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis could be easily missed due to its atypical clinical presentations. We present a patient with a history of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who contracted COVID-19 and subsequently developed rhabdomyolysis. We discuss and share our experience in the management of this patient.

Patient concerns:
An 85-year-old male with ESRD undergoing routine hemodialysis was tested positive for COVID-19. The patient had clinical symptoms of fatigue, muscle pain, and difficulty walking.

Diagnosis:
The serum creatine kinase (CK) level was markedly elevated to 32,492.9U/L, supporting the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. A computed tomography scan revealed muscle injuries throughout the body, confirming the diagnosis.

Interventions:
The patient was managed through electrolyte corrections and continuous renal replacement therapy.

Outcomes:
Repeat tests showed decreased levels of serum CK and negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. His clinical symptoms, including fatigue and muscle pain, had significantly improved.

Lessons:
COVID-19 infection can cause muscle pain and fatigue, which can mask the symptoms of rhabdomyolysis. A missed diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis can be severe, especially in patients with ESRD. The serum CK level should be tested with clinical suspicion. Appropriate management, including adequate hydration and electrolyte balance, should be provided. Continuous renal replacement therapy should be considered in affected patients with renal insufficiency.
Acute phlegmonous esophagitis presenting as chest pain: A case report
Authors: Chun Mose , Lee Daesup , Min Mun Ki , Ryu Ji Ho , Lee Min Jee 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Acute phlegmonous esophagitis (APE) is bacterial infection of the submucosal and muscularis layers of the esophagus. APE is a rare but life-threatening disease, and few studies have reported it.

Patient concerns:
A 63-year-old Korean woman was admitted to the emergency department complaining of chest pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed diffuse esophageal wall thickening with low attenuation and paraesophageal fluid collection in the mediastinum. Esophagomyotomy, mediastinal abscess drainage with a right thoracotomy, and left 3-port video-assisted thoracoscopy were performed in the operating room.

Diagnoses:
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed diffuse esophageal wall thickening with low attenuation and paraesophageal fluid collection in the mediastinum.

Interventions:
Esophagomyotomy, mediastinal abscess drainage with a right thoracotomy, and left 3-port video-assisted thoracoscopy were performed in the operating room.

Outcomes:
The patient followed up through an outpatient visit 4 days later discharged. The patient progress was good, and she decided to visit the patient if she had pain afterwards.

Lessons:
As APE is rare but deadly, strategies to identify APE in patients with chest pain or dysphagia are needed in emergency department.
Acute cricopharyngeal achalasia after general anesthesia in myotonic dystrophy: A case report
Authors: Rho Yunjung , Chon Jinmann , Yoo Myung Chul , Shim Ga Yang , Chung Sung Joon , Soh Yunsoo 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM-1) is a progressive multisystem genetic disorder that causes myotonia and both distal limb and facial/neck muscle weakness by expanding the CTG repeats of the DMPK gene in chromosome 19q13.3. General anesthesia is indicated in DM-1 patients owing to their sensitivity to anesthetic drugs such as opioids, hypnotics, and neuromuscular blocking agents.

Patient concerns:
A 48-year-old male patient underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones under general anesthesia. He experienced sudden cardiac arrest and respiratory failure the day after surgery. After a thorough review of past medical history, we recognized that 15 years prior, he had been diagnosed with classic type DM-1, but the diagnosis was not self-reported before general anesthesia. Symptoms of severe dysphagia developed subsequently. In a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), we observed abrupt aggravation of myotonic dysphagia after general anesthesia. VFSS revealed cricopharyngeal opening dysfunction, with a remaining large residue in the pyriform sinus, resulting in a severe cricopharyngeal achalasia pattern.

Diagnosis:
Acute cricopharyngeal achalasia after general anesthesia.

Intervention and outcome:
The patient underwent a dysphagia rehabilitation program that included cricopharyngeal opening exercises and functional electrical stimulation. However, no significant improvement was observed in the cricopharyngeal achalasia in a 3-month follow-up VFSS.

Lessons:
Low body temperature and anesthetic medications such as opioids and hypnotic agents can induce myotonia in the cricopharyngeal muscle.
Comparison efficacy and safety of different antiplatelet or anticoagulation drugs in chronic coronary syndromes patients: A Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Chang , Ma Lei 
Published: December 2023

Background:
A systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) were conducted to explore the efficacy and safety of different antiplatelet or anticoagulation drugs in chronic coronary syndromes patients.

Methods:
Electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane databases) were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating different antiplatelet or anticoagulation drugs (aspirin, aspirin + clopidogrel, aspirin + clopidogrel + cilostazol, clopidogrel/prasugrel + aspirin, aspirin + rivaoxaban 2.5 mg, aspirin + ticagrelor 60 mg, aspirin + ticagrelor 90 mg, clopidogrel or rivroxaban 5 mg) versus placebo for treatment chronic coronary syndromes patients. Outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events, all cause death, major bleeding and myocardial infarction. A random-effect Bayesian NMA was conducted for outcomes of interest, and results were presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% credible intervals. The NMA was performed using R Software with a GeMTC package. A Bayesian NMA was performed and relative ranking of agents was assessed using surface under the cumulative ranking probabilities.

Results:
Ten randomized controlled trials met criteria for inclusion and finally included in this NMA. In head-to-head comparison, no significant difference was observed between all antithrombotic treatment strategies with respect to primary endpoint of major adverse cardiovascular events. In head-to-head comparison, no significant difference was observed between all antithrombotic treatment strategies with respect to all cause death. Clopidogrel/prasugrel + aspirin (OR = 3.8, 95% credible intervals [CrI]: 1.3–12.0, P < .05) and aspirin + rivaroxaban 2.5 mg (OR = 3.1, 95%CrI: 1.1–9.5, P < .05) was associated with an increase of the major bleeding. Compared with aspirin alone, aspirin + clopidogrel (OR = 0.42, 95%CrI: 0.22–0.76, P < .05) and aspirin + ticagrelor 90 mg (OR = 0.42, 95%CrI: 0.17–0.95, P < .05) was associated with a decrease of the myocardial infarction.

Conclusions:
Myocardial infarction was significantly lower when adding clopidogrel or ticagrelor 90 mg to aspirin than those in the aspirin alone group. However, clopidogrel/prasugrel and rivaroxaban 2.5 mg was associated with an increase of the major bleeding than aspirin alone.
Ionic conductances driving tonic firing in Purkinje neurons of larval zebrafish
Authors: Jadhav Meha P. , Verma Shivangi , Thirumalai Vatsala 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurkinje neurons are critical for the functioning of the cerebellum, which is among the oldest and most conserved regions of the vertebrate brain. In mammals and in larval zebrafish, Purkinje neurons can generate tonic firing even when isolated from the network. Here we investigated the ionic basis of tonic firing in Purkinje neurons of larval zebrafish using voltage clamp for isolation of membrane currents along with pharmacology. We discovered that these neurons express L-type and P/Q-type high voltage-gated calcium currents, T-type low voltage-gated calcium currents and SK and BK-type calcium dependent potassium currents. Among these, L-type calcium currents and SK-type calcium-dependent potassium currents were indispensable for tonic firing, while blocking T-type, P/Q-type and BK currents had little effect. We observed that action potentials were broadened when either L-type or SK channels were blocked. Based on these results, we propose that calcium entry via L-type calcium channels activates SK potassium channels leading to faster action potential repolarization, in turn aiding the removal of inactivation of sodium channels. This allows larval zebrafish Purkinje neurons to continue to fire tonically for sustained periods. In mammals also, tonic firing in Purkinje neurons is driven by calcium channels coupling to calcium-dependent potassium channels, yet the specific types of channels involved are different. We therefore suggest that coupling of calcium channels and calcium-dependent potassium channels could be a conserved mechanism for sustaining long bouts of high frequency firing.Key pointsTonic firing is an intrinsic property of Purkinje neurons in mammals and fish.These neurons express multiple types of voltage-gated conductances including L-type, T-type, and P/Q-type calcium currents and SK- and BK-type calcium-dependent potassium currents.Blocking L-type calcium channels and SK-type calcium dependent potassium channels resulted in spike broadening and reduced tonic firing.L-type calcium currents were activated during the repolarisation of the spike.Based on this we conclude that calcium entry via L-type channels activates SK-channels causing faster repolarization of the spike and therefore sustained tonic firing.
LncPNdeep: A long non-coding RNA classifier based on Large Language Model with peptide and nucleotide embedding
Authors: Dai Zongrui , Deng Feiyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLong non-coding RNA plays an important role in various gene transcription and peptide interactions. Classifying lncRNAs from coding RNA is a crucial step in bioinformatics analysis which seriously affects the post-analysis for transcriptome annotation. Although several machine learning-based methods were developed to classify lncRNAs, these methods were mainly focused on nucleotide features without considering the information from the peptide sequence. To integrate both nucleotide and peptide information in lncRNA classification, one efficient deep learning is desired. In this study, we developed one concatenated deep neural network named LncPNdeep to combine this information. LncPNdeep incorporates both peptide and nucleotide embedding from masked language modeling (MLM), being able to discover complex associations between sequence information and lncRNA classification. LncPNdeep achieves state-of-the-art performance in the human transcript database compared with other existing methods (Accuracy=97.1%). It also exhibits superior generalization ability in cross-species comparison, maintaining consistent accuracy and F1 scores compared to other methods. The combination of nucleotide and peptide information makes LncPNdeep able to facilitate the identification of novel lncRNA and gain high accuracy for classification. Our code is available athttps://github.com/yatoka233/LncPNdeep
Dopaminergic-related Anatomical Pattern of Dorsal Striatum in Schizophrenia
Authors: Xie Chao , Xiang Shitong , Zheng Yueyuan , Shen Chun , Peng Xuerui , Li Yuzhu , Cheng Wei , Chang Xiao , Cheng Jingliang , Cui Long-Biao , Huang Chu-Chung , Kuang Nanyu , Li Chunbo , Lin Ching-Po , Luo Cheng , Tang Yingying , Wang Jijun , Wu Xinran , Yao Dezhong , Zhang Jie , Zhang Tianhong , Heinz Andreas , Robbins Trevor W. , Howes Oliver D. , Schumann Gunter , Jia Tianye , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStriatal dopaminergic overactivity was hypothesized as the core pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, morphological alterations of striatum in schizophrenia remains exclusive, largely because brain regional heterogeneity limited traditional group-mean based approach. Leveraging third-party brain maps of neurotransmitter and cognition behaviours, we developed a pattern-based representation feature score (ReFS) to investigate structural spatial pattern variation in schizophrenia. Structural ReFS of subcortical regions, particularly the striatum, were linked to schizophrenia diagnosis, symptom severity, and genetic susceptibility. Dopaminergic-ReFS of striatum was increased in schizophrenia patients and reliably reproduced across 13 datasets. The pattern-based ReFS effectively captured the shared genetic pathways underlying both schizophrenia and striatum. The results provide convergent, multimodal suggest the central role of striatal spatial patterns in schizophrenia psychopathologies and and open new avenues to develop individualized treatments for psychotic disorders.
Common and rare variant analyses implicate late-infancy cerebellar development and immune genes in ADHD
Authors: Zhong Yuanxin , Baum Larry W. , Tubbs Justin D. , Ye Rui , Chen Lu Hua , Wu Tian , Hung Se-Fong , Tang Chun-Pan , Ho Ting-Pong , Moyzis Robert , Swanson James , Lee Chi-Chiu , Sham Pak C. , Leung Patrick W. L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuropsychiatric disorder with a significant genetic component, characterized by persistent symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity. The latest genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of ADHD identified 27 whole-genome significant risk loci in the European population. However, genetic risk factors for ADHD are less well-characterized in the Asian population, especially for rare variants.MethodsHere, we present an analysis of common and rare variant contributions to ADHD in a Hong Kong sample comprising 279 cases and 432 controls, who were genotyped using the Illumina Infinium Global Screening Array.ResultsWe identified 41 potential genomic risk loci with a suggestive association (p< 1e−4), pointing to 111 candidate risk genes, which were enriched for genes differentially expressed during late infancy brain development. Furthermore, tissue enrichment analysis implicated the involvement of the cerebellum.POC1B, a gene previously found in a genome-wide significant locus of ADHD in the European population, was replicated in the current study, potentially implicating a trans-ancestral effect in ADHD. In addition, an accumulation of ADHD common-variant risks found in European ancestry samples was found to be significantly associated with ADHD in the current study. At the polygenic level, we also discovered a strong genetic correlation with resting-state functional MRI connectivity of the cerebellum involved in the attention/central executive and subcortical-cerebellum networks, which is consistent with the neural pathophysiology for ADHD. In rare variant analyses, we discovered that ADHD cases carried an elevated load of rare damaging variants inTEP1,MTMR10,DBH,TBCC,andANO1. ADHD genetic risk was associated with immune processes, demonstrated in both common and rare variant analyses.ConclusionsThese findings re-validate the abnormal development of the neural system in ADHD and extend the existing neuro-dysfunction hypothesis to a multi-system perspective.
Parkinson’s disease-derived α-Synuclein assemblies combined with chronic-type inflammatory cues promote a neurotoxic microglial phenotype
Authors: Yildirim Cansu , Fenyi Alexis , Besnault Pierre , Gomez Lina , Sepulveda-Diaz Julia E. , Michel Patrick P. , Melki Ronald , Hunot Stéphane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the aggregation of α-synuclein (αSYN) building up intraneuronal inclusions termed Lewy pathology. Mounting evidence suggests that neuron-released αSYN aggregates could be central to microglial activation, which in turn mounts and orchestrates neuroinflammatory processes potentially harmful to neurons. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that drive microglial cell activation, polarization and function in PD might have important therapeutic implications. Here, using primary microglia, we investigated the inflammatory potential of pure αSYN fibrils derived from PD patients. We further explored and characterized microglial cell responses to a chronic-type inflammatory stimulation combining PD patient-derived αSYN fibrils (FPD), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) (TPFPD). We showed that FPDhold stronger inflammatory potency than pure αSYN fibrils generatedde novo. When combined with TNFα and PGE2, FPDpolarizes microglia toward a particular functional phenotype departing from FPD-treated cells and featuring lower inflammatory cytokine and higher glutamate release. Whereas metabolomic studies showed that TPFPD-exposed microglia were closely related to classically activated M1 proinflammatory cells, notably with similar tricarboxylic acid cycle disruption, transcriptomic analysis revealed that TPFPD-activated microglia assume a unique molecular signature highlighting upregulation of genes involved in glutathione and iron metabolisms. In particular, TPFPD-specific upregulation ofSlc7a11(which encodes the cystine-glutamate antiporter xCT) was consistent with the increased glutamate response and cytotoxic activity of these cells toward midbrain dopaminergic neuronsin vitro. Together, these data further extend the structure-pathological relationship of αSYN fibrillar polymorphs to their innate immune properties and demonstrate that PD-derived αSYN fibrils, TNFα and PGE2act in concert to drive microglial cell activation toward a specific and highly neurotoxic chronic-type inflammatory phenotype characterized by robust glutamate release and iron retention.