bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A North Atlantic synthetic tropical cyclone track, intensity, and rainfall dataset
Authors: Xu Wenwei , Balaguru Karthik , Judi David R. , Rice Julian , Leung L. Ruby , Lipari Serena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTropical Cyclones (TCs) cause significant socio-economic damages to the US and Caribbean coastal regions annually, making it important to understand TC risk at the local-to-regional scales. However, the short length of the observed record and the substantial computational expense associated with high-resolution climate models make it difficult to assess TC risk using either approach. To overcome these challenges, we developed a database of synthetic TCs using the Risk Analysis Framework for Tropical Cyclones (RAFT). The database includes 40,000 synthetic TC tracks, along-track intensities and storm-induced precipitation. TC tracks generated in RAFT are in reasonable agreement with the observed spatial distribution of TC tracks and basin-scale TC statistics. Specifically along the coast, spatial variations in TC crossing probability and extreme winds upon landfall are well-reproduced by RAFT with R-squared values of 0.81 and 0.73, respectively. In summary, the synthetic TC database constructed with RAFT provides a reasonable pathway for the robust assessment of North Atlantic TC wind and rainfall risks.
Chromosome-level genome of spider Pardosa pseudoannulata and cuticle protein genes in environmental stresses
Authors: Yu Na , Li Jingjing , Bao Haibo , Zhang Yixi , Yang Zhiming , Li Fangfang , Wang Jingting , Liu Zewen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSpiders are representative arthropods of adaptive radiation. The high-quality genomes have only been reported in several web weaver spider species, leaving the wandering spiders’ genomic information scarce. The pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, is a representative species in the retrolateral titial apophysis (RTA) clade. We present a chromosome-level P. pseusoannulata genome assembly of 2.42 Gb in size with a scaffold N50 of 169.99 Mb. Hi-C scaffolding assigns 94.83% of the bases to 15 pseudo-chromosomes. The repeats account for 52.79% of the assembly. The assembly includes 96.2% of the complete arthropod universal single-copy orthologs. Gene annotation predicted 24,530 protein-coding genes with a BUSCO score of 95.8% complete. We identified duplicate clusters of Hox genes and an expanded cuticle protein gene family with 243 genes. The expression patterns of CPR genes change in response to environmental stresses such as coldness and insecticide exposure. The high-quality P. pseudoannulata genome provides valuable information for functional and comparative studies in spiders.
DNA methylome, R-loop and clinical exome profiling of patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Feró Orsolya , Varga Dóra , Nagy Éva , Karányi Zsolt , Sipos Éva , Engelhardt József , Török Nóra , Balogh István , Vető Borbála , Likó István , Fóthi Ábel , Szabó Zoltán , Halmos Gábor , Vécsei László , Arányi Tamás , Székvölgyi Lóránt 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of motor neurons, the aetiology of which is essentially unknown. Here, we present an integrative epigenomic study in blood samples from seven clinically characterised sporadic ALS patients to elucidate molecular factors associated with the disease. We used clinical exome sequencing (CES) to study DNA variants, DNA-RNA hybrid immunoprecipitation sequencing (DRIP-seq) to assess R-loop distribution, and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to examine DNA methylation changes. The above datasets were combined to create a comprehensive repository of genetic and epigenetic changes associated with the ALS cases studied. This repository is well-suited to unveil new correlations within individual patients and across the entire patient cohort. The molecular attributes described here are expected to guide further mechanistic studies on ALS, shedding light on the underlying genetic causes and facilitating the development of new epigenetic therapies to combat this life-threatening disease.
Defining the roles of local precipitation and anthropogenic water sources in driving the abundance of Aedes aegypti, an emerging disease vector in urban, arid landscapes
Authors: Newman Erica A. , Feng Xiao , Onland Jesse D. , Walker Kathleen R. , Young Steven , Smith Kirk , Townsend John , Damian Dan , Ernst Kacey 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding drivers of disease vectors’ population dynamics is a pressing challenge. For short-lived organisms like mosquitoes, landscape-scale models must account for their highly local and rapid life cycles.Aedes aegypti, a vector of multiple emerging diseases, has become abundant in desert population centers where water from precipitation could be a limiting factor. To explain this apparent paradox, we examinedAe. aegyptiabundances at > 660 trapping locations per year for 3 years in the urbanized Maricopa County (metropolitan Phoenix), Arizona, USA. We created daily precipitation layers from weather station data using a kriging algorithm, and connected localized daily precipitation to numbers of mosquitoes trapped at each location on subsequent days. Precipitation events occurring in either of two critical developmental periods for mosquitoes were correlated to suppressed subsequent adult female presence and abundance. LASSO models supported these analyses for female presence but not abundance. Precipitation may explain 72% ofAe. aegyptipresence and 90% of abundance, with anthropogenic water sources supporting mosquitoes during long, precipitation-free periods. The method of using kriging and weather station data may be generally applicable to the study of various ecological processes and patterns, and lead to insights into microclimates associated with a variety of organisms’ life cycles.
A machine learning system to identify progress level of dry rot disease in potato tuber based on digital thermal image processing
Authors: Farokhzad Saeid , Modaress Motlagh Asad , Ahmadi Moghaddam Parviz , Jalali Honarmand Saeid , Kheiralipour Kamran 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study proposed a quick and reliable thermography-based method for detection of healthy potato tubers from those with dry rot disease and also determination of the level of disease development. The dry rot development inside potato tubers was classified based on the Wiersema Criteria, grade 0 to 3. The tubers were heated at 60 and 90 °C, and then thermal images were taken 10, 25, 40, and 70 s after heating. The surface temperature of the tubers was measured to select the best treatment for thermography, and the treatment with the highest thermal difference in each class was selected. The results of variance analysis of tuber surface temperature showed that tuber surface temperature was significantly different due to the severity of disease development inside the tuber. Total of 25 thermal images were prepared for each class, and then Otsu’s threshold method was employed to remove the background. Their histograms were extracted from the red, green, and blue surfaces, and, finally, six features were extracted from each histogram. Moreover, the co-occurrence matrix was extracted at four angles from the gray level images and five features were extracted from each co-occurrence matrix. Totally, each thermograph was described by 38 features. These features were used to implement the artificial neural networks and the support vector machine in order to classify and diagnose the severity of the disease. The results showed that the sensitivity of the models in the diagnosis of healthy tubers was 96 and 100%, respectively. The overall accuracy of the models in detecting the severity of tuber tissue destruction was 93 and 97%, respectively. The proposed methodology as an accurate, nondestructive, fast, and applicable system reduces the potato loss by rapid detection of the disease of the tubers.
Qualitative analysis and chaotic behavior of respiratory syncytial virus infection in human with fractional operator
Authors: Jamil Saba , Bariq Abdul , Farman Muhammad , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Akgül Ali , Saleem Muhammad Umer 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the cause of lung infection, nose, throat, and breathing issues in a population of constant humans with super-spreading infected dynamics transmission in society. This research emphasizes on examining a sustainable fractional derivative-based approach to the dynamics of this infectious disease. We proposed a fractional order to establish a set of fractional differential equations (FDEs) for the time-fractional order RSV model. The equilibrium analysis confirmed the existence and uniqueness of our proposed model solution. Both sensitivity and qualitative analysis were employed to study the fractional order. We explored the Ulam–Hyres stability of the model through functional analysis theory. To study the influence of the fractional operator and illustrate the societal implications of RSV, we employed a two-step Lagrange polynomial represented in the generalized form of the Power–Law kernel. Also, the fractional order RSV model is demonstrated with chaotic behaviors which shows the trajectory path in a stable region of the compartments. Such a study will aid in the understanding of RSV behavior and the development of prevention strategies for those who are affected. Our numerical simulations show that fractional order dynamic modeling is an excellent and suitable mathematical modeling technique for creating and researching infectious disease models.
Multifunctional leather finishing vs. applications, through the addition of well-dispersed flower-like nanoparticles
Authors: Fierro Francesca , Iuliano Mariagrazia , Cirillo Claudia , Florio Claudia , Maffei Gaetano , Loi Andrea , Batakliev Todor , Adami Renata , Sarno Maria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the present paper, multifunctional flower-like nanoparticles were synthesized to be used in the leather finishing. They are capable of conferring simultaneously and synergistic antimicrobial, self-cleaning, light resistance, hydrophobic, mechanical, thermal, and fluorescent properties due to the presence of Ag, TiO2, and SiO2 NPs. These nanoparticles form a “flower-like” structure in which the “pistil” is made up of TiO2 and the “petals” that surround it of silver nanoparticles and silica nanoparticles, whose dimensions are of the order of ten nanometers. Their surfaces enjoy abundant hydrophilic functionalities to be dispersed within inks commonly used during the leather finishing process. Leathers functionalized with these nanomaterials showed significantly improved self-cleaning properties after 15 h of exposure to UV light, and antibacterial properties 10 times higher than that shown by the untreated samples. Aging tests were performed (ISO 105-B02, ISO 17228, SAEJ 2412). ΔE, color variation decreased by approximately 30%, if compared with samples not refined with flower-like NPs. Furthermore, the results of the mechanical tests (ISO 17076, FCA 50444) evidence amazing properties, e.g. abrasion resistance more than significantly improved, increase in resistance from 1500 cycles for the untreated samples to 3000 cycles for the leathers finished with flower-like NPs. The contact angle analysis, capturing the angle that traces the air–water to water–substrate interface from the origin of the air–water-substrate contact point at the edge, is practically unchanged after 10 s in the case of nanoparticles containing finishing.
Simulational investigation of self-aligned bilayer linear grating enabling highly enhanced responsivity of MWIR InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice (T2SL) photodetector
Authors: Lee Minseok , Ku Zahyun , Jeong Seungjin , Hwang Jehwan , Lee Junghyun , Kim Junoh , Kang Sang-Woo , Urbas Augustine , Bae Hagyoul , Kim Bongjoong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLinear gratings polarizers provide remarkable potential to customize the polarization properties and tailor device functionality via dimensional tuning of configurations. Here, we extensively investigate the polarization properties of single- and double-layer linear grating, mainly focusing on self-aligned bilayer linear grating (SABLG), serving as a wire grid polarizer in the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) region. Computational analyses revealed the polarization properties of SABLG, highlighting enhancement in TM transmission and reduction in TE transmission compared to single-layer linear gratings (SLG) due to optical cavity effects. As a result, the extinction ratio is enhanced by approximately 2724-fold in wavelength 3–6 μm. Furthermore, integrating the specially designed SABLG with an MWIR InAs/GaSb Type-II Superlattice (T2SL) photodetector yields a significantly enhanced spectral responsivity. The TM-spectral responsivity of SABLG is enhanced by around twofold than the bare device. The simulation methodology and analytical analysis presented herein provide a versatile route for designing optimized polarimetric structures integrated into infrared imaging devices, offering superior capabilities to resolve linear polarization signatures.
Three-dimensional flow velocity determination using laser-induced fluorescence method with asymmetric optical vortex beams
Authors: Terasaka Kenichiro , Yoshimura Shinji , Minagawa Hiroki , Aramaki Mitsutoshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLaser-induced fluorescence (LIF) Doppler spectroscopy using an optical vortex beam with an asymmetric intensity distribution, referred to as aOVLIF, is proposed as a new method to measure plasma flow velocity. LIF spectra were calculated numerically using typical laboratory low-temperature plasma parameters, and it was revealed that an ion flow across the beam produces a frequency shift of the spectra. This method also has the capability of temperature measurements. The propagation effects of asymmetric optical vortex beams are discussed assuming an actual experiment, and it is found that the sensitivity to the transverse flow velocity is approximately unchanged. The aOVLIF method, which exploits the inhomogeneous phase structure of optical vortices, can be applied to the determination of three-dimensional velocity vectors and promises to enhance the usefulness of conventional LIF spectroscopy using plane waves.
Unveiling optical soliton solutions and bifurcation analysis in the space–time fractional Fokas–Lenells equation via SSE approach
Authors: Refaie Ali Ahmed , Alam Md. Nur , Parven Mst. Wahida 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe space–time fractional Fokas–Lenells (STFFL) equation serves as a fundamental mathematical model employed in telecommunications and transmission technology, elucidating the intricate dynamics of nonlinear pulse propagation in optical fibers. This study employs the Sardar sub-equation (SSE) approach within the STFFL equation framework to explore uncharted territories, uncovering a myriad of optical soliton solutions (OSSs) and conducting a thorough analysis of their bifurcations. The discovered OSSs encompass a diverse array, including bright-dark, periodic, multiple bright-dark solitons, and various other types, forming a captivating spectrum. These solutions reveal an intricate interplay among bright-dark solitons, complex periodic sequences, rhythmic breathers, coexistence of multiple bright-dark solitons, alongside intriguing phenomena like kinks, anti-kinks, and dark-bell solitons. This exploration, built upon meticulous literature review, unveils previously undiscovered wave patterns within the dynamic framework of the STFFL equation, significantly expanding the theoretical understanding and paving the way for innovative applications. Utilizing 2D, contour, and 3D diagrams, we illustrate the influence of fractional and temporal parameters on these solutions. Furthermore, comprehensive 2D, 3D, contour, and bifurcation analysis diagrams scrutinize the nonlinear effects inherent in the STFFL equation. Employing a Hamiltonian function (HF) enables detailed phase-plane dynamics analysis, complemented by simulations conducted using Python and MAPLE software. The practical implications of the discovered OSS solutions extend to real-world physical events, underlining the efficacy and applicability of the SSE scheme in solving time–space nonlinear fractional differential equations (TSNLFDEs). Hence, it is crucial to acknowledge the SSE technique as a direct, efficient, and reliable numerical tool, illuminating precise outcomes in nonlinear comparisons.
Advanced chemometric methods for simultaneous quantitation of caffeine, codeine, paracetamol, and p-aminophenol in their quaternary mixture
Authors: Kelani Khadiga M. , Fekry Reham A. , Fayez Yasmin M. , Hassan Said A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo different multivariate techniques have been applied for the quantitative analysis of caffeine, codeine, paracetamol and p-aminophenol (PAP) in quaternary mixture, namely, Partial Least Squares (PLS-1) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). For suitable analysis, a calibration set of 25 mixtures with various ratios of the drugs and PAP impurity were established using a 4-factor 5-level experimental design. The most meaningful wavelengths for the chemometric models were chosen using Genetic Algorithm (GA) as a variable selection technique. By using an independent validation set, the validity of the proposed methods was evaluated. A comparative study was established between the three multivariate models (PLS-1, GA–PLS and GA–ANN). The comparison between the various models revealed that the GA–ANN model was superior at resolving the highly overlapped spectra of this quaternary combination. The drugs were successfully quantified in their pharmaceutical dosage form utilizing the GA–ANN models.
The effect of reward-induced arousal on the success and precision of episodic memory retrieval
Authors: Lloyd Beth , Nieuwenhuis Sander 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMoment-to-moment fluctuations in arousal can have large effects on learning and memory. For example, when neutral items are predictive of a later reward, they are often remembered better than neutral items without a reward association. This reward anticipation manipulation is thought to induce a heightened state of arousal, resulting in stronger encoding. It is unclear, however, whether these arousal-induced effects on encoding are ‘all-or-none’, or whether encoding precision varies from trial to trial with degree of arousal. Here, we examined whether trial-to-trial variability in reward-related pupil-linked arousal might correspond to variability in participants’ long-term memory encoding precision. We tested this using a location memory paradigm in which half of the to-be-encoded neutral items were linked to later monetary reward, while the other half had no reward association. After the encoding phase, we measured immediate item location memory on a continuous scale, allowing us to assess both memory success and memory precision. We found that pre-item baseline pupil size and pupil size during item encoding were not related to subsequent memory performance. In contrast, the anticipation of instrumental reward increased pupil size, and a smaller anticipatory increase in pupil size was linked to greater subsequent memory success but not memory precision.
Clinical improvements in temporospatial gait variables after a spinal tap test in individuals with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Bovonsunthonchai Sunee , Witthiwej Theerapol , Vachalathiti Roongtiwa , Hengsomboon Pichaya , Thong-On Suthasinee , Sathornsumetee Sith , Ngamsombat Chanon , Chawalparit Orasa , Muangpaisan Weerasak , Richards Jim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIdiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a neurological condition that often presents gait disturbance in the early stages of the disease and affects other motor activities. This study investigated changes in temporospatial gait variables after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) removal using a spinal tap test in individuals with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), and explored if the tap test responders and non-responders could be clinically identified from temporospatial gait variables. Sixty-two individuals with iNPH were recruited from an outpatient clinic, eleven were excluded, leaving a total of 51 who were included in the analysis. Temporospatial gait variables at self-selected speed were recorded at pre- and 24-h post-tap tests which were compared using Paired t-tests, Cohen’s d effect size, and percentage change. A previously defined minimal clinical important change (MCIC) for gait speed was used to determine the changes and to classify tap test responders and non-responders. A mixed model ANOVA was used to determine the within-group, between-group, and interaction effects. Comparisons of the data between pre- and post-tap tests showed significant improvements with small to medium effect sizes for left step length, right step time, stride length and time, cadence, and gait speed. Gait speed showed the largest percentage change among temporospatial gait variables. Within-group and interaction effects were found in some variables but no between-group effect was found. Tap test responders showed significant improvements in right step length and time, stride length and time, cadence, and gait speed while non-responders did not. Some individuals with iNPH showed clinically important improvements in temporospatial gait variables after the tap test, particularly in step/stride length and time, cadence, who could be classified by gait speed. However, gait-related balance variables did not change. Therefore, additional treatments should focus on improving such variables.