bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Strength in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Nambiar Veena Kiran , Nagamallesh U. M. , Pitambare M. 
Published: February 2024

Context:
The estimated prevalence of heart failure (HF) is around 1% of the total population in India which is close by to 8–10 million individuals. Due to metabolic and structural skeletal muscle dysfunctions, peripheral muscles are impaired in the early stages of chronic HF (CHF). In experiments on rats with CHF, biopsies of respiratory muscles revealed histological abnormalities, such as atrophy of type 1 diaphragm fibers, resulting in decreased respiratory muscle strength and endurance.

Aim:
To determine the strength of respiratory muscle and pulmonary function in individuals having Class II and Class III HF.

Settings and Design:
Descriptive, observational, case–control study design.

Subjects and Methods:
Subjects included 37 HF patients having Class II and Class III in one group and controls in another group. The respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory pressure [MIP] and maximal expiratory pressure [MEP]) was evaluated using respiratory pressure meter (RPM) and pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume at the end of 1 s [FEV1] and forced-vital capacity [FVC]) assessment using spirometry-Schiller (micro RPM).

Statistical Analysis Used:
Median and IQR were used to describe the study variables MIP, MEP, FVC, and FEV1, and the Mann-Whitney U test to compare the study variables between the two groups.

Results:
The outcomes were interpreted as the median values. The MIP and MEP were 59 and 70 cmH2O, respectively, in HF as compared to 97 and 96 cmH2O in the control group, significant at P < 0.001. The FEV1 and FVC in HF were 114 and 88% sequentially as compared to 130 and 99% in the control group, significant at P < 0.05.

Conclusions:
The respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary functions are impaired in individuals having Class II and Class III HF.
Effect of Craniocervical Flexor Training on Pain, Strength, and Quality of Life in Subjects with Chronic Neck Pain
Authors: Gorajiya Khushboo Singh , Nagaraj Sibbala 
Published: February 2024

Background:
In context, neck pain is the most prevalent musculoskeletal complaint. Common causes of neck pain include poor posture at work, nervousness, stress, strain, carrying heavy objects, and strenuous physical activity. To enhance a patient’s functional status and quality of life (QOL), knowledge of the structures that can cause pain impairment is essential. It was found that a craniocervical flexor training course provides an improved method of isolating the deep cervical flexors.

Objective:
The purpose of this training was to assess the effectiveness of craniocervical flexion training in reducing pain, increasing strength, and enhancing well-being in those with persisting neck pain.

Methodology:
Two sets of 20 subjects were used in this study. The treatment (craniocervical flexion training) was administered 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Pain was evaluated using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), strength was assessed using the craniocervical flexor test, and QOL was measured with the short form 36 before and after treatment.

Results:
Both groups improved their strength and QOL from pretreatment levels, and the VAS scores of both groups decreased from pretreatment levels. In contrast, both pain and QOL improved more in Group A.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that, when it comes to managing chronic neck pain, craniocervical flexion exercise is more effective than isometric exercise, scapulothoracic exercise, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation alone.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health and Musculoskeletal Pain in Post-COVID-19-Recovered Patients
Authors: Raghav Deepak , Singh Nishant 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic is having worldwide impact including mental and physical health. The objective of this study is to evaluate the mental health and musculoskeletal pain in postrecovered patients.

Methods:
A 4-week exercise program including warm-up exercises, strengthening exercises, relaxation exercises, deep breathing exercises, and cool down exercises was designed for this interventional study. A total of 100 corona-recovered patients were selected from the physiotherapy department of the hospital. All the patients were instructed to come to the department for postassessment and then the data were analyzed.

Results:
The significant results were seen in the following variables on the basis of comparison between week 1 and week 4: Visual Analog Scale score (week 1: 2.11 ± 1.77 and week 4: 0.79 ± 1.21), modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (week 1: 2.07 ± 1.65 and week 4: 0.79 ± 1.21), Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (week 1: 42.5 ± 4.6 and week 4: 59.4 ± 6.7), and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Scale (week 1: 8.32 ± 6.1 and week 4: 1.68 ± 2.42).

Conclusions:
The study concluded that there was significant reduction of physical and mental health status of patients with history of COVID-19.
A Study to Assess the Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices about Prevention of Osteoporosis among Menopausal Women
Authors: Shet Shweta , Salimath Gavishiddhayya , Shindhe Shukrani 
Published: February 2024

Context:
Osteoporosis (fragile bones) affects millions of people and is referred to as “the health hazard” due to the serious illnesses, fatalities, adverse impacts on quality of life, and significant expenditures to both the patient and society. Only cardiovascular disorders are ranked higher by the World Health Organization as a worldwide health-care issue than osteoporosis.

Aims:
To assess menopausal women’s dietary knowledge, attitudes, and practices for osteoporosis prevention.

Setting and Design:
This study was conducted at Vantamuri Primary Health Center (PHC) and Rukmini Nagar Urban Health Center (UHC) in Belagavi with a cross-sectional design.

Methodology:
One hundred postmenopausal women who visited the Vantamuri PHC and Rukmini Nagar UHC in Belagavi participated in this study. A cross-sectional design with purposive sampling and a questionnaire were used to acquire the data. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. To ascertain the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and a few broad facts, a descriptive analysis was performed.

Results:
It indicates that 45% of the participants had moderate knowledge about osteoporosis. 86% of women showed a positive attitude toward osteoporosis. The study revealed that 85% of the participants had limited physical activity. The majority of participants were not consumed calcium and Vitamin D supplements.

Conclusion:
The majority of postmenopausal women who attended the respective PHC Belagavi, according to the study, have a moderate understanding of osteoporosis. Both the illness and the best ways to avoid osteoporosis are unknown to many women.
Associations between Maternal and Infantile Factors and Neonatal Growth Metrics: A Large-scale, Retrospective Study
Authors: Yazdiani Ali , Vakilzadeh Mohammad Moein , Kashani Sara Naghizadeh , Dehnzvi Parvin , Boskabadi Hassan , Maamouri Gholamali , Faramarzi Raheleh 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
The primary aim of this large-scale, retrospective study was to identify the maternal and infantile factors influencing neonatal growth metrics within the 1st month of life.

Materials and Methods:
Data were collated from the Sina Electronic Health System between 2015 and 2018. The study employed the World Health Organization (WHO) Z-score system for categorizing neonatal growth and utilized logistic regression models to explore associations between maternal and infant characteristics and neonatal growth metrics.

Results:
The study comprised 137,548 neonates, with a slight male predominance (51%). An overwhelming 98% of infants were breastfed. The logistic regression analysis revealed male gender as a significant predictor for higher weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.268, P < 0.001), height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) (OR = 1.316, P < 0.001), and weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) scores (OR = 1.137, P = 0.015). In addition, vaginal delivery was strongly associated with higher WAZ (OR = 1.176, P < 0.001), HAZ (OR = 2.109, P < 0.001), and WHZ scores (OR = 1.176, P = 0.003). The influence of breastfeeding was particularly noteworthy, with significant associations with higher WAZ (OR = 1.934, P < 0.001), HAZ (OR = 5.435, P < 0.001), and WHZ scores (OR = 1.558, P = 0.008).

Conclusions:
Our robust analysis substantiates the significant influence of male gender, vaginal delivery, and breastfeeding on neonatal growth metrics, as evidenced by elevated WAZ, HAZ, and WHZ scores. The findings provide a compelling argument for the promotion of natural birthing methods and breastfeeding, and they highlight the role of gender in neonatal growth outcomes during the initial month of life.
Feeds Alone versus Intravenous Fluids and Feeds for Treatment of Mild Hypernatremia in Otherwise Healthy Neonates – An Open-labeled Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial
Authors: Krishnan Shrinidhi , Srinivasan Ramesh , Kannappan Suvetha , Neelakandan K. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The treatment of hypernatremia in newborns is usually done by giving intravenous (IV) fluids.

Methodology:
This study aimed to determine whether treating neonates with hypernatremia using oral feeds was not inferior by a margin of 10% to treatment with IV fluids and feeds in achieving a safe decline in serum sodium. A decrease in serum sodium ≤0.5 mEq/L/h over 24 h of treatment was considered a safe decline. Neonates with serum sodium 150–155 mEq/L were randomized to receive oral feeds ad libitum (Group A) or 5% dextrose +0.45% normal saline (D5 ½ NS) and oral feeds (group B).

Results:
There were 43 neonates in Group A and 42 neonates in Group B. It was found that a safe decline in serum sodium was seen in 60.5% of Group A neonates and 47.6% of Group B neonates (P = 0.246). There was no significant difference in the duration of treatment or duration of hospital stay. Group B babies had more weight gain compared to Group A. No complications were observed in the groups.

Conclusion:
Treating mildly hypernatremic neonates with serum sodium 150–155 mEq/L using oral feeds alone may not be inferior to IV fluids with oral feeds in achieving a safe decline in serum sodium.
An Insight on Prehospital Delay and Ambulance Usage in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Bana Raghunatha Reddy , Nayak Manabendra , Chaitanya Kranthi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and definitive care plays a crucial role in the mortality and morbidity of a victim. The symptom onset to reperfusion therapy comprises prehospital time and hospital time. There are evidence-based international guidelines to minimize hospital time. However, reducing prehospital time and developing strategies to prevent the delay necessitate a thorough understanding of the underlying causes. In the event of an emergency, calling an ambulance can assist cut down on transportation delays, which cuts down on prehospital time and its effects. Aim of this review is to analyze the relationship between ambulance service utilization and prehospital delay in AMI patients. Studies that reported prehospital delay and ambulance usage were collected with a search on the expression “prehospital delay in AMI” in combination with “ambulance usage.” These studies were from around 15 countries on six continents and were analyzed and summarized in this review. The extracted data expressed under six headings: emergency medical service (EMS) as a first medical contact, ambulance disuse, shorter prehospital delay, no or poor EMS system, predictors of ambulance use in AMI, and efforts to reduce prehospital delay. In AMI, using an ambulance is advisable for early diagnosis and swift transport to a definitive care center. However, ambulance services are frequently unavailable or underutilized.
Ayurvedic management of fibromyalgia (Mansagata Vata) using BOHECO peace capsules: A case series
Authors: Jain Harshad Kantilal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
One of the most prevalent disorders that affect the muscles is fibromyalgia, which is characterized by pain, stiffness, and soreness in the muscles, tendons, and joints. According to Ayurveda, fibromyalgia can be correlated with Mansagata Vata. Vijaya or bhanga (Cannabis sativa) is famously known for its shulahara property, that is, to reduce pain in patients. Cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol have immense potential to reduce pain and inflammation in patients. Vijaya due to its ushna virya has Vatahara properties. The present study is a case series consisting of five patients aged between 30 and 60 years. Patient were having satisfactory results after consuming Peace caps in the cases of fibromyalgia and the dose of their existing medicines were either reduced or stopped completely after treatment of 1 month. The dose of peace caps was 1 cap once a day for a week followed by 1 cap twice a day after meals. Initially, patients were consuming gabapentin and amitriptyline for a period of 2 weeks.
Management of juvenile diabetes through an add-on Ayurveda drugs: A case study
Authors: Limbachiya Vedanshi , Bhinde Sagar M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The prevalence of juvenile diabetes is increasing day-by-day. As of date, no other than insulin therapy is available as a treatment for type 1 diabetes. In Ayurveda, type 1 diabetes can be correlated with Madhumeha, which is Vataja Prameha, and with Sahaja Prameha, which occurs due to Beej Dosha. These conditions are supposed to be Asadhya (incurable) and Anushangi (long-standing); the holistic approach with Rasayana Aushadha and Pathya Aahar Vihar may help improve the quality of life. In the study presented here, a case of a patient with juvenile diabetes, treated with Ayurveda medicine. An 8-year-old male child with type 1 diabetes was treated with Guduchyadi Vati (GV) for 3 months along with his ongoing standard of care (insulin injections). After the treatment duration of 3 months, fasting blood sugar was reduced from 230 to 110 mg/dL. Postprandial blood glucose was reduced from 312 to 125 mg/dL. Glycosylated hemoglobin and mean blood glucose levels were reduced from 14.7 and 375 to 6.8 and 148 mg/dL, respectively; C-peptide increased from 0.58 to 1.56 ng/mL. His treating physician had reduced the dose of insulin from 12 to 6 units/day. Classical symptoms of Madhumeha like Daurbalya (weakness), Kshudhavruddhi (polyphagia), Pipasatipravrutti (polydipsia), and Prabhuta Avila Mutrata (polyuria) were also relieved markedly after treatment. The addition of Ayurvedic treatment (GV) to the patient’s standard treatment protocol helped maintain his blood sugar at a normal level with reduced insulin injections and relieved major symptomatology of type 1 diabetes.
Efficacy of herbal formulation in stage 5-chronic kidney disease: A case study
Authors: Upadhyay Shushma , Pandey Yogesh K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a group of pathophysiological processes associated with poor kidney function and progressive decline in glomerular filter rate, which leads to a variety of consequences, including anemia and cardiovascular disease. In the current study, we present the case of a 57-year-old male who has had CKD for 6 months after being diagnosed with hypertension for 2 years. He received allopathic treatment for 6 months, but he experienced no relief. Finally, he was advised to start dialysis therapy. After that, patient refused to opt for dialysis and approached an Ayurveda hospital for further management. Based on his clinical presentation, the patient was suspected of having Mutravahasrotasdusti, and treatment was initiated using the principle of Mutrakriccha Chikitsa. For 2 months, he took oral medications, including Gokshurak Rasayana (GR), Chandraprabha Vati (CP Vati), Punarnavasav, and Lohasav. We observed clinical improvement in addition to the kidney function test results and Hb% levels, which were performed twice with a 30-day interval. He exhibited normal urine, a good appetite, and increased bodily strength with an increase in body weight.
Treatment principles of Ayurveda to manage Kamala (Jaundice): A case study
Authors: Irshad Nazia , Singh Naimish Raj , Varsakiya Jitendrakumar Nathabhai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Jaundice is a condition, in which hyperbilirubinemia is found along with yellowish discoloration of the sclera, skin, mucous membrane, and interstitial fluid. The causes of jaundice are hemolytic diseases, hepatocellular dysfunction, and obstructive disorders of the hepatobiliary system. Clinical manifestations of jaundice arise when the blood bilirubin level exceeds 2.5 mg/dL. Jaundice can be put under the heading of Kamala described in Ayurvedic texts. A 12-year-old girl was visited in the outpatient department of the Kayachikitsa department at Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan with the chief complaints of low appetite, gaseous abdomen, yellowish discoloration of sclera, weakness, and vertigo for 1 week. The patient was investigated in the hospital and was diagnosed Jaundice with investigation. The patient was effectively managed by the combination of Phaltrikadi Kwath 20 mL empty stomach in the morning, combined powder of Katuki Churna 1 g and Bhumi Amalaki Churna 1 g after food with lukewarm water twice a day, and 15 mL of Abhyarishta at night with normal water was given. The outcome was assessed based on symptoms, and lab investigations showed profound results. Therefore, it can be said that these medications are quite successful in treating jaundice.
A systematic review of the pharmacological effects of Guda Shunthyadi syrup and Siddha Eranda Til Taila Matra Basti
Authors: Budhlakoti Kanika , Shukla Gyanendra D , Garg Girraj P 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Guda Shunthyadi syrup is a classical Ayurvedic formulation mentioned in Bhavprakash for the management of Vibandha (constipation). This syrup consists of Guda (Jaggery), Shunthi (Zingiber officinale), Haritiki (Terminalia chebula), Dadima (Punica granatum), and Pippali (Piper longum). In contrast, Siddha Eranda Til Taila Matra Basti is described in Ashtanga Hridya by Acharya Vagbhatta for the management of Vibandha. The components for the basti are Dashmoola, Devdaru (Cedrus deodara), Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica), Eranda Taila (Ricinus communis), and Til Taila (Sesamum indicum). Our objective is to study the pharmacological evidences of Guda Shunthyadi syrup and Siddha Eranda Til Taila Matra Basti with their components. Research literature published in online journals of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, DHARA, and Ayush Research Portal was searched extensively. The keywords used were pharmacological evidence or study of Guda Shunthyadi syrup, Guda (Jaggery), Shunthi (Z. officinale), Haritiki (T. chebula), Dadima (P. granatum), Pippali (P. longum), Dashmoola, Devdaru (C. deodara), Amalaki (P. emblica), and Eranda Taila (R. communis). Journals published online in last 20 years were considered. Ayurveda classical texts were also referred. As per the observations, the components of Guda Shunthyadi syrup and Siddha Eranda Til Taila Matra Basti show the several properties such as as anti-oxidant, anti-ulcer, laxative. anti-amoebic, antimicrobial, immunomodulator, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, stomachic, antitoxic, digestive, general tonic, antacid, and brain tonic. But, majorly, both of these drugs have their therapeutic results on Vibandha (constipation). The drug, Guda Shunthyadi syrup and Siddha Eranda Til Taila Matra Basti, has promising therapeutic potential. It can be used as a Rasayana drug, an anti-infective agent, and drug for Vibandha (constipation). The same needs to be further validated with larger, multicentric, standard controlled, and randomized clinical trials.
Novel technique for laparoscopic common bile duct exploration using flexible videobronchoscope to study on clinical outcomes of single-stage (laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration) versus dual-stage (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy) for cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis – Prospective study in a tertiary care centre (BRACE study – BRonchoscope Assisted Common bile duct Exploration Study)
Authors: Singh Pawan Kumar , Haldeniya Kulbhushan , Krishna S. R. , Raghavendra Annagiri 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
This study aimed to study on clinical outcomes of single-stage (laparoscopic cholecystectomy [LC] and laparoscopic common bile duct [CBD] exploration using flexible videobronchoscope) versus dual-stage (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy) for cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis-prospective study in a tertiary care centre (BRACE STUDY-Bronchoscope-Assisted CBD Exploration [CBDE] Study).

Patients and Methods:
Between April 2022 and April 2023, patients who underwent LC with laparoscopic CBDE and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) followed by LC participated in this single-centre prospective research. The Institute Ethics Committee granted its approval after receiving an ethical review. The primary endpoint of the proposed research was the removal of the gall bladder and CBD stones. The secondary outcomes studied were complications using the Clavien-Dindo score, cost-effectiveness, patient satisfaction score and post-procedure duration of hospital stay.

Results:
A total of 168 patients were included in the study. The success rate of LC with laparoscopic CBD exploration using a flexible videobronchoscope (Group 1) was significantly higher as compared to ERCP f/b LC (Group 2) (96.4% vs. 84.5%, P value = 0.02). Out of the 84 patients in Group 1, direct choledochotomies were performed on 83 of them. Group 1 had a considerably shorter hospital stay (4.6 ± 2.4 vs. 5.3 ± 6.2 days; P = 0.03). Both the cost (P = 0.002) and the number of procedures per patient (P < 0.001) were considerably higher in Group 2. Major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade 3 and above) were significantly higher in Group 2 (P = 0.04). Patient satisfaction in Group 1 scored more favourably than those in Group 2 (2.26 ± 0.3 vs. 1.92 ± 0.7; P = 0.006).

Conclusion:
For concurrent gall bladder and CBD stones, single-stage management by LCBDE using a flexible videobronchoscope has a significantly better primary outcome and lower major complications than dual-stage management. The single-stage strategy also has advantages in terms of a shorter hospital stay, the need for fewer procedures, cost efficiency and patient satisfaction.