bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iodine Monochloride–Amine Complexes: An Experimental and Computational Approach to New Chiral Electrophiles
Authors: Haas Jürgen , Bissmire Stewart , Wirth Thomas 
Published: July 2005

AbstractLactonizations are important steps in many synthetic sequences. Substrate‐controlled reactions that use chiral auxiliaries or chiral alkenes have already been studied in depth. This study focuses on stereoselective reagent‐controlled iodolactonizations, by application of a new method that uses complexes of iodine monochloride and various donor molecules. (R)‐1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydro‐1‐naphthylamine and other amines with similar structures were found to be efficient in the iodocyclization of 4‐aryl‐4‐pentenoic acids. Calculations were performed on complexes of (R)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐1‐naphthylamine with XCl (X=I, H) to identify possible reactive species in these iodocyclizations. Calculations were carried out at various levels of theory, including B3 LYP/6‐31+G (d,p) by using a modified SDD basis set for iodine.
Gold as Hydrogen. An Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Structures and Bonding in Disilicon Gold Clusters Si2Aun‐ and Si2Aun (n = 2 and 4) and Comparisons to Si2H2 and Si2H4.
Authors: Li Xi , Kiran Boggavarapu , Wang Lai‐Sheng 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Manganese‐Doped GaP Nanowires.
Authors: Han Doo Suk , Bae Seung Yong , Seo Hee Won , Kang Young Joo , Park Jeunghee , Lee Gangho , Ahn Jae‐Pyoung , Kim Soonkyu , Chang Joonyeon 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Ethyl 4‐Chloro‐3‐oxobutyrate in Solutions of Organic Salts with Recycling of the Catalyst Ru‐BINAP.
Authors: Starodubtseva E. V. , Vinogradov M. G. , Pavlov V. A. , Gorshkova L. S. , Ferapontov V. A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
4,5‐Difluoro‐1,2‐dehydrobenzene: Generation and Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: Charushin Valery N. , Kotovskaya Svetlana K. , Romanova Svetlana A. , Chupakhin Oleg N. , Tomilov Yury V. , Nefedov Oleg M. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Imidazolium Ionic Liquid‐Grafted 2,2′‐Bipyridine — A Novel Ligand for the Recyclable Copper‐Catalyzed Selective Oxidation of Alcohols in Ionic Liquid [bmim][PF6].
Authors: Wu Xue‐E , Ma Li , Ding Meng‐Xian , Gao Lian‐Xun 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
HMDST as Useful Tool in Organic Synthesis: A Further Step in the Delivery of Sulfur Functionalities
Authors: Degl'Innocenti Alessandro , Capperucci Antonella , Nocentini Tiziano , Castagnoli Giulio , Malesci Irene , Cerreti Arianna 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polymer‐Supported Organotin Reagents for Regioselective Halogenation of Aromatic Amines.
Authors: Chretien Jean‐Mathieu , Zammattio Francoise , Le Grognec Erwan , Paris Michael , Cahingt Blanche , Montavon Gilles , Quintard Jean‐Paul 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient Catalyst System for Diaryl Ether Synthesis from Aryl Chloride.
Authors: Harkal Surendra , Kumar Kamal , Michalik Dirk , Zapf Alexander , Jackstell Ralf , Rataboul Franck , Riermeier Thomas , Monsees Axel , Beller Matthias 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxidative Free‐Radical Cyclization of 2‐(Ethoxycarbonylmethyl)‐1,4‐naphthoquinone Derivatives.
Authors: Chen Hui‐Li , Lin Chien‐Yu , Cheng Yu‐Chih , Tsai An‐I , Chuang Che‐Ping 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Kishner′s Reduction of 2‐Furylhydrazone Gives 2‐Methylene‐2,3‐dihydrofuran, a Highly Reactive Ene in the Ene Reaction.
Authors: Miles William H. , Dethoff Elizabeth A. , Tuson Hannah H. , Ulas Goezde 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Facile, Simple and Convenient Method for the Synthesis of 14‐Alkyl or Aryl‐14‐H‐dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes Catalyzed by pTSA in Solution and Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Khosropour Ahmad Reza , Khodaei Mohammad Mehdi , Moghannian Hassan 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Reactivity of New Silylated Sulfur‐Containing Heterocycles Through Thionation of Bis(acylsilanes)
Authors: Nocentini Tiziano , Bouillon Jean‐Philippe , Capperucci Antonella , Portella Charles , Degl'Innocenti Alessandro 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Benzodiazepine Receptor Affinity of Derivatives of the New Tricyclic Heteroaromatic System Pyrido[3′,2′:5,6]thiopyrano[4,3‐c]pyridazin‐3(2H,5H)‐one.
Authors: Primofiore Giampaolo , Da Settimo Federico , Marini Anna Maria , Simorini Francesca , La Motta Concettina , Taliani Sabrina , Laneri Sonia , Trincavelli Letizia , Martini Claudia 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Some Properties of Silanes and Siloxanes with 5,5,6,6,7,7,7‐Heptafluoro‐4,4‐bis(trifluoromethyl)heptyl Substituents.
Authors: Shamaev A. E. , Ignatenko A. V. , Krukovsky S. P. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Study on Disulfur‐Backboned Nucleic Acid. Part 2. Efficient Synthesis of 3′,5′‐Dithiothymidine.
Authors: Wang Hua , Cheng Changmei , Zheng Hongchao , Liu Xiaohong , Fang Chang , Xu Shanshan , Zhao Yufen 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A metaanalysis of 18F‐2‐deoxy‐2‐fluoro‐D‐glucose positron emission tomography in the staging and restaging of patients with lymphoma
Authors: Isasi Carmen R. , Lu Ping , Blaufox M. Donald 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn recent years, the use of positron emission tomography (PET) has become widespread for the staging and follow‐up of several malignancies. In the current study, the authors conducted a metaanalysis of the published literature to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 18F‐2‐deoxy‐2‐fluoro‐D‐glucose PET (FDG‐PET) in the staging of patients with lymphoma.METHODSThe authors conducted a systematic MEDLINE search of articles published between January 1995 and June 2004. Studies that evaluated FDG‐PET with a dedicated camera and that reported sufficient data to permit the calculation of sensitivity and specificity were included in the analysis. Two reviewers independently reviewed the eligibility of the studies and abstracted data (sample population; characteristics of FDG‐PET; and the number of true‐positive results, true‐negative results, false‐positive results, and false‐negative results). The authors estimated the pooled sensitivity, false‐positive rate, and maximum joint sensitivity and specificity.RESULTSTwenty studies were eligible for the metaanalysis. Fourteen studies included patient‐based data, comprising a sample size of 854 subjects, and 7 studies included lesion‐based data, totaling 3658 lesions. Among those studies with patient‐based data, the median sensitivity was 90.3% and the median specificity was 91.1%. The pooled sensitivity was 90.9% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 88.0–93.4) and the pooled false‐positive rate was 10.3% (95% CI, 7.4–13.8). The maximum joint sensitivity and specificity was 87.8% (95% CI, 85.0–90.7). The pooled sensitivity and false‐positive rate appeared to be higher in patients with Hodgkin disease compared with those with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study indicate that FDG‐PET is a valuable tool for the staging and restaging of patients with lymphoma; showing a high positivity and specifity. Clinicians may consider adding FDG‐PET to the staging workup of patients with lymphoma. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
A phase I study and pharmacologic evaluation of irinotecan and carboplatin for patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma who previously received platinum‐containing chemotherapy
Authors: Yonemori Kan , Katsumata Noriyuki , Yamamoto Noboru , Kasamatsu Takahiro , Yamada Takuro , Tsunematsu Ryuichiro , Fujiwara Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objectives of the current study were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of irinotecan and carboplatin in combination, to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma who previously received platinum‐containing chemotherapy, and to examine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of both drugs by using the Chatelut formula.METHODSPatients with advanced ovarian carcinoma who previously received platinum‐containing chemotherapy were treated with a combination of irinotecan and carboplatin. Carboplatin was administered as a 60‐minute intravenous infusion on Day 1 and was followed by irinotecan, which was administered as a 90‐minute intravenous infusion on Days 1, 8, and 15. Six dose levels of irinotecan (in mg/m2)/carboplatin (mg · mL/min) were planned: 50 mg/m2/4 mg · mL/minute, 60 mg/m2/4 mg · mL/minute, 50 mg/m2/5 mg · mL/minute, 60 mg/m2/5 mg · mL/minute, 50 mg/m2/6 mg · mL/minute, and 60 mg/m2/6 mg · mL/minute. The carboplatin dosage was calculated by using the Chatelut formula. Treatment was repeated at 28‐day intervals.RESULTSIn total, 19 patients in cohorts of 3 to 5 patients received irinotecan and carboplatin at 5 dose levels. The dose‐limiting toxicities were Grade 4 neutropenia and Grade 4 thrombocytopenia. The MTD of the irinotecan/carboplatin combination was 60 mg/m2/5 · mg mL/minute. Partial responses were observed at higher dose levels. Pharmacologic studies demonstrated that administration of the dosage estimated with the Chatelut formula instead of the Chatelut formula with adjustment for serum creatinine resulted in a slightly excessive dose of carboplatin.CONCLUSIONSThe recommended dose for the Phase II study was irinotecan 60 mg/m2 on Days 1, 8, and 15 with carboplatin 5 mg/mL · minute on Day 1 repeated every 4 weeks. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Targeted therapy with a cytotoxic somatostatin analog, AN‐238, inhibits growth of human experimental endometrial carcinomas expressing multidrug resistance protein MDR‐1
Authors: Engel Jorg B. , Schally Andrew V. , Halmos Gabor , Baker Ben , Nagy Attila , Keller Gunhild 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDChemoresistance mediated by membrane transporters such as multidrug resistance (MDR‐1) glycoprotein remains a challenge in the chemotherapy treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma. Targeted chemotherapy might overcome this resistance. The cytotoxic somatostatin (SST) analog, AN‐238, consists of a superactive derivative of doxorubicin (DOX), 2‐pyrrolino‐DOX (AN‐201), linked to the SST analog carrier, RC‐121. This conjugate binds strongly to SST receptor subtypes (sst) 2a (sst2a) and 5 (sst5) and can be targeted to tumors that express these receptors.METHODSThe presence of sst2a and sst5 was determined in 3 human endometrial carcinoma cell lines (HEC‐1A, RL‐95‐2, and AN3CA). Nude mice bearing xenografts of these cancers were treated with AN‐238 and its radical, AN‐201. The antitumor effects and toxicity were compared. The authors studied the effects of AN‐238 and AN‐201 on the expression levels of MDR‐1, multidrug resistance related protein (MRP‐1), and breast carcinoma resistance protein (BCRP) by real‐time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTSThe authors demonstrated the presence of mRNA and receptor protein for sst2a and sst5 on HEC‐1A, RL‐95‐2, and AN3CA tumors. AN‐238 significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the growth of these tumors, whereas AN‐201 had no effect. Blockade of SST receptors nullified the effects of AN‐238. In all 3 endometrial carcinoma lines, AN‐238 caused a weaker induction of MDR‐1 than AN‐201. No major induction of MRP‐1 and BCRP occurred after treatment with AN‐238 or AN‐201.CONCLUSIONSTargeted chemotherapy with the cytotoxic SST analog, AN‐238, inhibited powerfully the growth of endometrial carcinoma, which express SST receptors, regardless of their expression level of MDR‐1. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Strategies for decreasing the pour point and cloud point of palm oil products
Authors: Ming Teoh C. , Ramli Nazaruddin , Lye Ooi T. , Said Mamot , Kasim Zalifah 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe objectives of this research were to improve the low‐temperature performance of palm oil products, with emphasis on non‐food uses, and to find some additives (synthesized or commercially available) suitable to reduce the pour point and cloud point values of palm oil products. The samples studied in this research include palm olein (PO), super olein (SO), palm oil methyl esters (POME), palm kernel oil methyl esters (PKOME), a blend of POME and PO at a 2:1 ratio (POMEPO), a blend of POME and SO at a 2:1 ratio (POMESO), a blend of PKOME and PO at a 2:1 ratio (PKOMEPO) and a blend of PKOME and SO at a 2:1 ratio (PKOMESO). Among the additives studied in this research were Tween‐80, dihydroxy fatty acid (DHFA), acrylated polyester pre‐polymer, palm‐based polyol (PP), a blend of DHFA and PP at a 1:1 ratio (DHFAPP), an additive synthesized using DHFA and ethyl hexanol (DHFAEH), and castor oil ricinoleate. All the additives used showed satisfactory results, with more significant reductions of pour point and cloud point values observed for POME, PKOME, POMEPO, POMESO and PKOMESO samples. The biggest reduction of the pour point value in this research was about 7.5 °C (by addition of 1.0% DHFA to POMEPO), while the biggest reduction of the cloud point value was about 10.5 °C (by addition of 1.0% DHFA + 1.0% PP to POME). The significant reductions in pour point and cloud point values of POME, PKOME, POMEPO, POMESO and PKOMESO by the additives used indicate that the additives might be able to improve the low‐temperature properties of palm oil products, for instance biodiesel.
Poly(ethylene oxide) facilitates the characterization of an affinity between strongly basic proteins with DNA by affinity capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Tran Nguyet Thuy , Taverna Myriam , Miccoli Laurent , Angulo Jaime F. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn order to study kin17 protein‐DNA affinity, we have developed a fast and reproducible capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis of a strongly basic protein: kin17 protein, using a nonpermanent coating based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) to avoid adsorption of kin17. The coating procedure was optimized to provide a residual and stable electroosmotic flow (EOF = 5 × 10−5 cm2/V × s), exhibiting RSD of 0.3% and excellent long‐term stability. Good intraday and interday reproducibility of kin17 migration times (0.8 and 0.3% relative standard deviation (RSD), respectively) enabled us to consider that the recovery percentage obtained for kin17 protein was satisfactory (79%). The potential of this PEO‐based coating procedure was evaluated for affinity CE method in order to study the affinity of kin17 protein for two single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) models: polydeoxyadenylic acid and polydeoxycytidilic acid (pdA and pdC). Binding constants (1.5×107 ± 17% and 1.7×107 + 25%M−1) were evaluated assuming a 1:1 affinity between kin17 and pdA or pdC, respectively.
Detection of single‐base mutation by affinity capillary electrophoresis using a DNA‐polyacrylamide conjugate
Authors: Sato Kae , Inoue Akira , Hosokawa Kazuo , Maeda Mizuo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe have developed an affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) method for detection of gene point mutations using a DNA‐polyacrylamide conjugate as a pseudostationary affinity phase. In this study, the target DNA was prepared by mixing two PCR products: the wild type of K‐ras gene and its codon 12 point mutant. The ligand DNA was designed to be complementary to codons 11 and 12 of the wild type. The target DNA was denatured by the addition of formamide and by heating at 95°C for 5 min, and then electrophoretically separated by difference in affinity to the pseudoimmobilized ligand DNA. The method successfully separated a mixture of the wild‐type DNA and each of six codon 12 point mutants by the same ligand DNA. The limit of mutation detection was determined by mixing the wild‐type DNA with decreasing concentrations of the mutant DNA. The lowest level of detection was 10% mutant DNA in a background of the wild type. The practicability of this method has been confirmed using a colorectal carcinoma cell line. This study is the first demonstration of detection of gene point mutation in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products using ACE, and opens up a new possibility of CE‐based gene diagnosis.
A simple and affordable method for high‐throughput DNA extraction from animal tissues for polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Yue Gen Hua , Orban Laszlo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe have developed a very simple and inexpensive method for high‐throughput DNA extraction from animal tissues. The procedure contains three steps (digestion, heating, and centrifugation) and it is compatible with the 96‐well plate format commonly used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications. The duration for processing a plate is about 1.5 h; therefore, one researcher can isolate DNA from up to 1000 samples during a single workday. A small piece of tissue (ca. 10–20 mg) yields enough template for at least 50–70 PCR amplifications, as demonstrated by using the processed samples as templates successfully for long distance PCR, multiplex PCR, and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay. The application of our method is expected to facilitate studies that require high‐throughput DNA isolation for PCR amplification, such as genotyping by microsatellites for mapping and genetic diversity studies, as well as mutant screening in zebrafish.
Dye‐free protein molecular weight markers
Authors: Chang Microsugar , Hsu Hsue‐Yin , Lee Han‐Jung 
Published: July 2005

AbstractProtein molecular weight markers are widely used in sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and Western blotting. Here, we describe novel protein molecular weight markers in which a prestaining procedure is no longer needed. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is stable and resistant to denaturing agents/conditions. Various histidine‐tagged GFP fusion proteins were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified by metal affinity chromatography. The minimal amount of each protein marker needed for analysis in SDS‐PAGE and Western blot under visible light was 62.5 and 125 ng, respectively. Under ultraviolet (UV) ray, the minimal amount of each protein marker needed for analysis in SDS‐PAGE and Western blot was half of those amounts used under visible light, respectively. Collectively, the accuracy, sensitivity, ease, economy, and flexibility of our strategy may reinforce the application of GFP in molecular biology.
Isoelectric focusing in serial immobilized pH gradient gels to improve protein separation in proteomic analysis
Authors: Poznanovic Slobodan , Schwall Gerhard , Zengerling Helmut , Cahill Michael A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe previously demonstrated the separation of proteins by isoelectric focusing (IEF) over pH 4–8 immobilized pH gradients (IPGs) over 54 cm (Poland et al., Electrophoresis 2003, 24, 1271). Here we show that similar results can be conveniently achieved using commercially available IPGs of appropriate pH ranges positioned end‐on‐end in series during electrophoresis, which we term ‘daisy chain IEF’. Proteins efficiently electrophorese from one IPG to another during IEF by traversing buffer‐filled porous bridges between the serial IPGs. A variety of materials can function as bridges, including paper, polyacrylamide gels or even IPGs. The quality of two‐dimensional (2‐D) protein patterns is not apparently worse than that generated by conventional IEF using the same individual IPGs. A major advantage of this method is that sample is consumed efficiently, without the requirement for preliminary steps, such as chamber IEF. This advantage is pronounced when working with extremely limited sources of samples, such as with clinical biopsies or cellular subfractions. The present study was limited by the commercial availability of suitable pH gradients. Proteomics analyses could be further improved if commercial vendors would manufacture IPGs with suitable pH ranges to achieve high resolution (∼100 cm) IEF separation of proteins in one electrophoretic step over the pH range 2–12.
Separation of DNA fragments for fast diagnosis by microchip electrophoresis using programmed field strength gradient
Authors: Kang Seong Ho , Park Mira , Cho Keunchang 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe evaluated a novel strategy for fast diagnosis by microchip electrophoresis (ME), using programmed field strength gradients (PFSG) in a conventional glass double‐T microfluidic chip. The ME‐PFSG allows for the ultrafast separation and enhanced resolving power for target DNA fragments. These results are based on electric field strength gradients (FSG) that use an ME separation step in a sieving gel matrix poly‐(ethylene oxide). The gradient can develop staircase or programmed shapes FSG over the time. The PFSG method could be easily used to increase separation efficiency and resolution in ME separation of specific size DNA fragments. Compared to ME that uses a conventional and constantly applied electric field (isoelectrostatic) method, the ME‐PFSG achieved about 15‐fold faster analysis time during the separation of 100 bp DNA ladder. The ME‐PFSG was also applied to the fast analysis of the PCR products, 591 and 1191 bp DNA fragments from the 18S rRNA of Babesia gibsoni and Babesia caballi.
Estimate of input energy for elasto‐plastic SDOF systems during earthquakes based on discrete wavelet coefficients
Authors: Iyama Jun 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe response of an elasto‐plastic single degree of freedom (SDOF) system to ground motion is estimated based on wavelet coefficients calculated by discrete wavelet transform. Wavelet coefficients represent both the time and frequency characteristics of input ground motion, and thus can be considered to be directly related to the dynamic response of a non‐linear system. This relationship between the energy input into an elastic SDOF system and wavelet coefficients is derived based on the assumption that wavelets deliver energy to the structure instantaneously and the quantity of energy is constant regardless of yielding. These assumptions are shown to be valid when the natural period of the system is in the predominant period range of the wavelet, the most common scenario for real structures, through dynamic response analysis of a single wavelet. The wavelet‐based estimation of elastic and plastic energy transferred by earthquake ground motion is thus shown to be in good agreement with the dynamic response analysis when the natural period is in the predominant range of the input. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.