bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transdiagnostic inflexible learning dynamics explain deficits in depression and schizophrenia
Authors: Kirschner Hans , Nassar Matthew R , Fischer Adrian G , Frodl Thomas , Meyer-Lotz Gabriela , Froböse Sören , Seidenbecher Stephanie , Klein Tilmann A , Ullsperger Markus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Deficits in reward learning are core symptoms across many mental disorders. Recent work suggests that such learning impairments arise by a diminished ability to use reward history to guide behaviour, but the neuro-computational mechanisms through which these impairments emerge remain unclear. Moreover, limited work has taken a transdiagnostic approach to investigate whether the psychological and neural mechanisms that give rise to learning deficits are shared across forms of psychopathology.
To provide insight into this issue, we explored probabilistic reward learning in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (n = 33) or schizophrenia (n = 24) and 33 matched healthy controls by combining computational modelling and single-trial EEG regression. In our task, participants had to integrate the reward history of a stimulus to decide whether it is worthwhile to gamble on it. Adaptive learning in this task is achieved through dynamic learning rates that are maximal on the first encounters with a given stimulus and decay with increasing stimulus repetitions. Hence, over the course of learning, choice preferences would ideally stabilize and be less susceptible to misleading information.
We show evidence of reduced learning dynamics, whereby both patient groups demonstrated hypersensitive learning (i.e. less decaying learning rates), rendering their choices more susceptible to misleading feedback. Moreover, there was a schizophrenia-specific approach bias and a depression-specific heightened sensitivity to disconfirmational feedback (factual losses and counterfactual wins). The inflexible learning in both patient groups was accompanied by altered neural processing, including no tracking of expected values in either patient group.
Taken together, our results thus provide evidence that reduced trial-by-trial learning dynamics reflect a convergent deficit across depression and schizophrenia. Moreover, we identified disorder distinct learning deficits.
Ataxia with giant axonopathy in Acbd5-deficient mice halted by adeno-associated virus gene therapy
Authors: Granadeiro Luis , Zarralanga Violeta Enríquez , Rosa Ricardo , Franquinho Filipa , Lamas Sofia , Brites Pedro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Acyl-CoA binding domain containing 5 (ACBD5) is a critical player in handling very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) en route for peroxisomal β-oxidation. Mutations in ACBD5 lead to the accumulation of VLCFA and patients present retinal dystrophy, ataxia, psychomotor delay and a severe leukodystrophy. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated and characterized an Acbd5 Gly357* mutant allele.
Gly357* mutant mice recapitulated key features of the human disorder, including reduced survival, impaired locomotion and reflexes, loss of photoreceptors, and demyelination. The ataxic presentation of Gly357* mice involved the loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells and a giant axonopathy throughout the CNS. Lipidomic studies provided evidence for the extensive lipid dysregulation caused by VLCFA accumulation. Following a proteomic survey, functional studies in neurons treated with VLCFA unravelled a deregulated cytoskeleton with reduced actin dynamics and increased neuronal filopodia. We also show that an adeno-associated virus-mediated gene delivery ameliorated the gait phenotypes and the giant axonopathy, also improving myelination and astrocyte reactivity. Collectively, we established a mouse model with significance for VLCFA-related disorders.
The development of relevant neuropathological outcomes enabled the understanding of mechanisms modulated by VLCFA and the evaluation of the efficacy of preclinical therapeutic interventions.
Seasonally hydrological load and background seismicity in the intraplate collision zone, the Longmen Shan, China
Authors: She Yawen , Zhao Qian , Xu Changyi , Fu Guangyu , Jiang Zhongshan , Liu Xiaoxia 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARY
Hydrological modulation of background seismicity provides a way to understand the seismogenic process and interaction mechanism between the hydrosphere and lithosphere. To elucidate the hydrological modulation of background seismicity in the Longmen Shan, the monthly spatio-temporal distribution of terrestrial water storage (TWS) variations is inverted from the seasonal term of continuous GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) data and compared with monthly precipitation. In the Longmen Shan, monthly TWS variations are in phase with precipitation variations in the northern area but lag precipitation variation by 2 months in the southern area. The annual amplitude of the inverted TWS is about 0.2 m, which is consistent with the amplitude of precipitation. To investigate the stress perturbations in the crustal interior induced by the hydrological load, monthly Coulomb failure stress (CFS) variation caused by TWS and precipitation load is calculated on a simplified fault model of the Longmen Shan, respectively. The maximum CFS variations of TWS and precipitation are about 2.4 kPa. To obtain the background seismicity, different earthquake declustering methods are employed on a two-decade earthquake catalogue (M ≥ 2.5). The declustered results are subjected to null hypothesis tests, including assessing whether the earthquake distribution follows a homogeneous Poisson distribution in time or exhibits a temporally homogeneous, spatially heterogeneous Poisson distribution in space and time. The only declustered catalogue derived by the epidemic type aftershock sequence model pass all the tests. Furthermore, the monthly CFS variation and its rate caused by TWS and precipitation are compared with the monthly background seismic events. Notably, a correlation is observed between CFS variation rate due to precipitation and background seismicity. This correlation suggests the presence of long-term hydrological modulation of seasonal background seismicity in the Longmen Shan.
Direct assessment of the hydraulic structure of the plate boundary at the toe of the Nankai accretionary prism
Authors: Pwavodi Joshua , Doan Mai-Linh 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARY
The Nankai Trough is a locus of slow slip, low-frequency earthquakes, and large magnitude (Mw &gt; 8) earthquakes. It is usually assumed that high pore pressure contributes substantially to earthquake dynamics. Hence, a thorough understanding of the hydraulic regime of the Nankai accretionary prism is needed to understand this diversity of behaviours. We focus on the toe of the accretionary prism by studying data from Hole C0024A, part of the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE) project, that intersected the décollement at 813 m below seafloor (mbsf) about 3 km away from the trench. We contribute to this understanding by innovatively integrating drilling and logging data to derive high-resolution hydraulic profiles along the borehole. A quantitative re-analysis of the variation in the downhole annular pressure monitored during drilling show localized fluid flow from the formation to the borehole in excess of 0.05 m3 s−1, especially in the damage zones at the footwall of the décollement. To validate the fluid flow profile, pore pressure was estimated independently from empirical relationships between pore pressure, porosity and P-wave velocity, obtained from consolidation experiments and Eaton-type methods based on drilling or sonic velocity data. The formation fluids are becoming significantly overpressurized with depth in the few hundred metres above décollement. The hydraulic profile suggests that the core of the décollement acts as a barrier inhibiting upward fluid convection, whereas the damage zone acts as an efficient longitudinal channel able to diffuse high pressure from the deeper part of the subduction.
Thermal histories reveal spatiotemporal distribution and population overlapping of Sepioteuthis lessoniana
Authors: Chiang Chun-I , Chung Ming-Tsung , Shiao Jen-Chieh , Wang Pei-Ling , Wang Chia-Hui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Thermal histories describe ambient temperature experienced by cephalopod species from birth to death, reflecting their habitats and distributions. Thermal histories were reconstructed by analyzing ontogenetic oxygen isotopes (δ18O values) in statoliths of adult Sepioteuthis lessoniana collected from northeastern and southwestern Taiwan between 2017 and 2019. The probabilities of occurrence associated with thermal histories in the two populations were modeled using a spatial interpolation approach, ordinary kriging method. The northeastern population exhibited larger ontogenetic variations in experienced temperature (ranging from 9.1 to 10.4°C) than did the southwestern population (ranging from 4.3°C to 6.8°C). The two geographical populations exhibited distinct ontogenetic movement patterns and distribution. The southwestern population demonstrated wide dispersal influenced by seasonal wind directions and tended to remain in 20°C isotherm areas around the Penghu Islands for maturing and spawning. At the seasonal cohort level, the northeastern population exhibited a southward shift during the 2-year study period as a result of the El Niño event. The distribution of the two geographical populations overlapped in the adult stage primarily in the northern Taiwan Strait, supporting an assumption of population connection in Taiwan. This study revealed the thermal histories of S. lessoniana, providing insights into the field observation of distribution patterns and the progress in relating population dynamics to environmental variability, which are essential for the sustainable management of squid fisheries.
Mathematical analysis of a time-delayed model for cocoa yield
Authors: Babasola Oluwatosin , Budd Chris 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cocoa is an important crop that is predominantly grown in the western part of Africa. However, there have been fluctuations and declining trends in production and several factors have been identified to be responsible for this. A significant factor is the effect of climate variation, which could result in a low farm-level yield. Therefore, to understand the contribution of climate variability on the farm-level yield, we construct and analyse a time-delayed model to capture the effect of rainfall on cocoa production. This work uses a system of differential equations to model the crop transition from the flowering stage to pod formation, pod ripening and then to harvesting. We introduce a periodic forcing function into the model of flowering to account for the impact of seasonal rainfall variations. This leads to a novel nonlinear parametrically forced ODE for the flowering with periodically varying coefficients, which is coupled to a time-delayed model for the ripened pod formation and then harvesting. We perform an analysis of all parts of the system proving that it has a periodic solution when (parametrically) forced periodically, and we then conduct an asymptotic analysis on this periodic solution to show how its rich behaviour depends on the parameters of the climatic forcing in the model.
Familial uveal melanoma and other tumors in 25 families with monoallelic germline MBD4 variants
Authors: Villy Marie-Charlotte , Le Ven Anaïs , Le Mentec Marine , Masliah-Planchon Julien , Houy Alexandre , Bièche Ivan , Vacher Sophie , Vincent-Salomon Anne , Dubois d’Enghien Catherine , Schwartz Mathias , Piperno-Neumann Sophie , Matet Alexandre , Malaise Denis , Bubien Virginie , Lortholary Alain , Ait Omar Amal , Cavaillé Mathias , Stoppa-Lyonnet Dominique , Cassoux Nathalie , Stern Marc-Henri , Rodrigues Manuel , Golmard Lisa , Colas Chrystelle 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Monoallelic germline MBD4 pathogenic variants were recently reported to cause a predisposition to uveal melanoma, associated with a specific tumor mutational signature and good response to immunotherapy. Monoallelic tumor pathogenic variants have also been described in brain tumors, breast cancers, and myxofibrosarcomas, whereas biallelic germline MBD4 pathogenic variants have been involved in a recessive hereditary adenomatous polyposis and a specific type of acute myeloid leukemia.

Methods
We analyzed MBD4 for all patients with a diagnosis of uveal melanoma at Institut Curie since July 2021 and in the 3240 consecutive female probands explored at the Institut Curie for suspicion of predisposition to breast cancer between July 2021 and February 2023.

Results
We describe 25 families whose probands carry a monoallelic germline pathogenic variant in MBD4. Eighteen of these families presented with uveal melanoma (including a case patient with multiple uveal melanoma), and 7 families presented with breast cancer. Family histories showed the first familial case of uveal melanoma in monoallelic MBD4 pathogenic variant carriers and other various types of cancers in relatives, especially breast, renal, and colorectal tumors.

Conclusions
Monoallelic MBD4 pathogenic variant may explain some cases of familial and multiple uveal melanoma as well as various cancer types, expanding the tumor spectrum of this predisposition. Further genetic testing in relatives combined with molecular tumor analyses will help define the tumor spectrum and estimate each tumor’s risk.
Product Hopping and Innovation Incentives
Authors: Lemus Jorge , Ozkul Olgu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study innovation incentives under “product hopping,” whereby an incumbent patents a minor modification of a pioneer drug (for example, a new delivery method) and promotes the modified version to shift demand from the original drug. We develop a model in which an incumbent races against an entrant to discover a drastic innovation. We show that product hopping can decrease the total research and development (R&D) investment for drastic innovation. Moreover, an incumbent only chooses to engage in product hopping when drastic innovation is sufficiently difficult. Although product hopping may boost ex-ante R&D for pioneer drugs, it comes at the expense of decreasing R&D for subsequent drastic innovations and consumer surplus through socially wasteful marketing expenses. Our results contribute to the policy debate on product hopping, welfare, and antitrust.
Behind the Wheel: Unraveling the Impact of Experience Over Age Over the First 18 Months of Licensure
Authors: Stavrinos Despina , McManus Benjamin , Mrug Sylvie , Anthony Thomas , Underhill Andrea T , Pawar Piyush 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study examined how driving attention develops with age and driving.

Methods
In this observational longitudinal study, 190 adolescents (53% female, 73% Black) were enrolled across four groups: 16- and 18-year olds with and without driving experience. They underwent driving simulation with eye-tracking technology seven times over 18 months. By using a combination of factorial and longitudinal designs, the study examined the individual and combined effects of age and driving experience on driving attention over time.

Results
Licensed participants had higher odds of glancing at safety-critical events initially (OR = 15.01, 95% CI: 1.36–165.53), but these odds decreased at higher driving speeds (b = −0.17, p&lt;.01). Average glance length decreased over time (b = −0.26, p=.01), but less so in licensed participants (b=0.14, p=.01). Several visual behaviors were influenced by environmental and driving factors.

Conclusions
Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are burdensome and costly to society. This study focused on the role of inattention in MVCs, particularly during the risky period of adolescence. Findings indicated that driving experience, as determined by licensure, had a considerable impact on visual behavior in both the short term (within two weeks of obtaining a license) and over the first 18 months of independent driving. Overall, these findings suggest that licensed adolescents are more likely to identify potential hazards on the road and navigate safely. To ensure effective guidance, pediatric psychologists and other professionals should consider the unique circumstances, needs, and concerns of individual patients.
The stellar mass function of quiescent galaxies in 2 &lt; z &lt; 2.5 protoclusters
Authors: Edward Adit H , Balogh Michael L , Bahé Yannick M , Cooper M C , Hatch Nina A , Marchioni Justin , Muzzin Adam , Noble Allison , Rudnick Gregory H , Vulcani Benedetta , Wilson Gillian , De Lucia Gabriella , Demarco Ricardo , Forrest Ben , Hirschmann Michaela , Castignani Gianluca , Cerulo Pierluigi , Finn Rose A , Hewitt Guillaume , Jablonka Pascale , Kodama Tadayuki , Maurogordato Sophie , Nantais Julie , Xie Lizhi 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We present an analysis of the galaxy stellar mass function (SMF) of 14 known protoclusters between 2.0 &lt; z &lt; 2.5 in the COSMOS field, down to a mass limit of 109.5 M⊙. We use existing photometric redshifts with a statistical background subtraction, and consider star-forming and quiescent galaxies identified from (NUV − r) and (r − J) colours separately. Our fiducial sample includes galaxies within 1 Mpc of the cluster centres. The shape of the protocluster SMF of star-forming galaxies is indistinguishable from that of the general field at this redshift. Quiescent galaxies, however, show a flatter SMF than in the field, with an upturn at low mass, though this is only significant at ∼2σ. There is no strong evidence for a dominant population of quiescent galaxies at any mass, with a fraction &lt;15 per cent at 1σ confidence for galaxies with log M*/M⊙ &lt; 10.5. We compare our results with a sample of galaxy groups at 1 &lt; z &lt; 1.5, and demonstrate that a significant amount of environmental quenching must take place between these epochs, increasing the relative abundance of high-mass ($\rm M_{\ast } \gt 10^{10.5} {\rm M}_{\odot }$) quiescent galaxies by a factor ≳ 2. However, we find that at lower masses ($\rm M_{\ast } \lt 10^{10.5} {\rm M}_{\odot }$), no additional environmental quenching is required.
Deep learning prediction of galaxy stellar populations in the low-redshift Universe
Authors: Wang Li-Li , Yang Guang-Jun , Zhang Jun-Liang , Rong Li-Xia , Zheng Wen-Yan , Liu Cong , Chen Zong-Yi 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The increasing size and complexity of data provided by both ongoing and planned galaxy surveys greatly contribute to our understanding of galaxy evolution. Deep learning methods are particularly well suited for handling the complex and massive data. We train a convolutional neural network (CNN) to simultaneously predict the stellar populations in galaxies: age, metallicity, colour excess E(B − V), and central velocity dispersion (VD) using spectra with redshift ≤ 0.3 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. This is the first time to use spectra based on deep learning to derive the four galaxy properties. The testing results show that our CNN predictions of galaxy properties are in good consistent with values by the traditional stellar population synthesis method with little scatters (0.11 dex for age and metallicity, 0.018 mag for E(B − V), and 31 km s−1 for VD). In terms of the computational time, our method reduces by more than 10 times compared to traditional method. We further evaluate the performance of our CNN prediction model using spectra with different signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns), redshifts, and spectral classes. We find that our model generally exhibits good performance, although the errors at different S/Ns, redshifts, and spectral classes vary slightly. Our well-trained CNN model and related codes are publicly available on https://github.com/sddzwll/CNNforStellarp.
DNA Polymerase Diversity Reveals Multiple Incursions of Polintons During Nematode Evolution
Authors: Jeong Dae-Eun , Sundrani Sameer , Hall Richard Nelson , Krupovic Mart , Koonin Eugene V , Fire Andrew Z 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Polintons are double-stranded DNA, virus-like self-synthesizing transposons widely found in eukaryotic genomes. Recent metagenomic discoveries of Polinton-like viruses are consistent with the hypothesis that Polintons invade eukaryotic host genomes through infectious viral particles. Nematode genomes contain multiple copies of Polintons and provide an opportunity to explore the natural distribution and evolution of Polintons during this process. We performed an extensive search of Polintons across nematode genomes, identifying multiple full-length Polinton copies in several species. We provide evidence of both ancient Polinton integrations and recent mobility in strains of the same nematode species. In addition to the major nematode Polinton family, we identified a group of Polintons that are overall closely related to the major family but encode a distinct protein-primed DNA polymerase B (pPolB) that is related to homologs from a different group of Polintons present outside of the Nematoda. Phylogenetic analyses on the pPolBs support the evolutionary scenarios in which these extrinsic pPolBs that seem to derive from Polinton families present in oomycetes and molluscs replaced the canonical pPolB in subsets of Polintons found in terrestrial and marine nematodes, respectively, suggesting interphylum horizontal gene transfers. The pPolBs of the terrestrial nematode and oomycete Polintons share a unique feature, an insertion of an HNH nuclease domain, whereas the pPolBs in the marine nematode Polintons share an insertion of a VSR nuclease domain with marine mollusc pPolBs. We hypothesize that horizontal gene transfer occurs among Polintons from widely different but cohabiting hosts.
Looking for a needle in a haystack: de novo phenotypic target identification reveals Hippo pathway-mediated miR-202 regulation of egg production
Authors: Janati-Idrissi Sarah , de Abreu Mariana Roza , Guyomar Cervin , de Mello Fernanda , Nguyen Thaovi , Mechkouri Nazim , Gay Stéphanie , Montfort Jérôme , Gonzalez Anne Alicia , Abbasi Marzieh , Bugeon Jérôme , Thermes Violette , Seitz Hervé , Bobe Julien 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Understanding microRNA (miRNA) functions has been hampered by major difficulties in identifying their biological target(s). Currently, the main limitation is the lack of a suitable strategy to identify biologically relevant targets among a high number of putative targets. Here we provide a proof of concept of successful de novo (i.e. without prior knowledge of its identity) miRNA phenotypic target (i.e. target whose de-repression contributes to the phenotypic outcomes) identification from RNA-seq data. Using the medaka mir-202 knock-out (KO) model in which inactivation leads to a major organism-level reproductive phenotype, including reduced egg production, we introduced novel criteria including limited fold-change in KO and low interindividual variability in gene expression to reduce the list of 2853 putative targets to a short list of 5. We selected tead3b, a member of the evolutionarily-conserved Hippo pathway, known to regulate ovarian functions, due to its remarkably strong and evolutionarily conserved binding affinity for miR-202-5p. Deleting the miR-202-5p binding site in the 3′ UTR of tead3b, but not of other Hippo pathway members sav1 and vgll4b, triggered a reduced egg production phenotype. This is one of the few successful examples of de novo functional assignment of a miRNA phenotypic target in vivo in vertebrates.