bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidance on minimum standards for canine-assisted psychotherapy in adolescent mental health: Delphi expert consensus on terminology, qualifications and training
Authors: Jones Melanie G. , Filia Kate , Rice Simon , Cotton Sue 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Canine-assisted psychotherapy (CAP) is an emerging field that is largely unregulated and at times fragmented. Despite this, CAP shows promise as an innovative intervention for improving adolescent mental health. To ensure safe, ethical interventions incorporating dogs, providers need minimum standards to guide intervention development and subsequent research. Initially, standards should guide the preliminary steps required to prepare for and set up CAP interventions. These should include consensus agreement on the specific training and qualifications of providers, and training/assessment standards for canines to deliver such interventions. Also crucial is establishing clear expectations about treatment goals via use of clinically accurate terminology.

Methods:
Using Delphi methodology, experts in animal-assisted therapy (AAT) were recruited globally to complete questionnaires in an iterative process designed to establish consensus. Consensus was met when 80% or more experts agreed that an item was either ‘important’ or ‘essential’ and therefore included or ‘unimportant’ or ‘irrelevant’ and therefore excluded from the minimum standards required to develop a CAP group intervention for adolescents experiencing common mental health disorders including depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder.

Results:
Over two rounds, consensus was reached to include 34 items and exclude none; 45 items remained unresolved. Standardized terminology was identified that clearly defined the type and scope of the service being provided, delineating psychotherapeutic treatments from informal dog-related interactions. To deliver the CAP intervention, providers must have formal qualifications and licensure/registration in mental health, training and supervision in AAT, and canine-specific training and experience. Important temperament characteristics of working dogs were identified including absence of aggression, and enjoyment working in CAP. Dogs should be formally assessed in obedience and AAT applications, in partnership with a bonded handler. Assessors of dog-handler teams should be independent and have expertise in both canine ethology and AAT.

Discussion:
These results reinforce the importance of accurate and standardized terminology, and the need for further community education on the role of ‘therapy’ and ‘therapy dogs’. Consensus on the essential content for provider training was not achieved, highlighting the diversity of practice globally. Nevertheless, there was recognition of the need for breadth and depth of knowledge across the domains of mental health, AAT, canine training, and handling dogs for AAT applications. Dogs working independently of a bonded handler were not supported, nor were mental health providers working with an ‘assessed’ dog in the absence of AAT and CAP training. Implications for clinical practice are explored.
Long-distance spin communication via ambipolar conductor with electron–hole spin exchange interaction
Authors: Koinuma Yukihiro , Hasegawa Shigehiko , Sakai Masamichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Spin accumulation in a nonmagnetic (N) metal embedded between two ferromagnetic metals is still crucial in current spintronics because long-distance spin communication via the N metal can make all-spin logic (ASL) devices feasible. Graphene is almost the only N-region material suitable for ASL devices because its low intrinsic spin–orbit coupling results in a spin diffusion length,

ℓ

N

, of over 30 µm at room temperature, but long-distance spin communication beyond

ℓ

N

remains difficult. The present study proposes a way to remove the restriction caused by

ℓ

N

. In our proposal, an ambipolar conductor, in which electron and hole contribute to electronic conduction and interact with each other, is used for the N-region in a double-heterojunction magnetic structure. When the electron–hole interaction is accompanied by spin exchange, long-distance spin communication characteristic is predicted. Approximately 70 types of ambipolar conductors, including elemental metals and metal alloys, are available. Hence, this material variation may open a new spintronics field, ambipolar spintronics, which may realize operation mechanisms that cannot be achieved using conventional single-band metals. Finally, we present a comprehensive argument on the interface-mediated coupling mechanism between spins and charges, which is the basis of the generation of the spin-coupled interface voltage.
Diffusion model and vision transformer for intelligent fault diagnosis under small samples
Authors: Cen Jian , Si Weiwei , Liu Xi , Zhao Bichuang , Xu Chenhua , Liu Shan , Xin Yanli 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The existing deep learning models can achieve a high level of fault diagnosis accuracy in the case of a large number of samples. However, in actual production, data is often limited due to the difficulty of data collection and labeling. For small sample fault diagnosis, a fault diagnosis method called diffusion model-overlapping-patch vision transformer (DM-OVT) is proposed in this paper. The method adds coordinate attention to the DM, so that it can consider both channel information and spatial information. In the patch embedding part of Vision Transformer, features are first extracted using convolutional layers, and then overlapping patch divisions are used to improve the correlation between each patch. To be specific, DM-OVT first uses short-time Fourier transform to convert the one-dimensional signals into the time–frequency maps. And then inputs them into the DM to generate different classes of fault data according to labels. Finally, OVT is used to classify the expanded data. The effectiveness of the proposed method was tested on data sets from laboratory multistage centrifugal fans and Case Western Reserve University, and the highest accuracy was achieved in the comparison experiments.
Development of a piezoelectric hybrid-driven nanopositioner using combined leaf-spring-shaped and C-shaped flexure hinge mechanism
Authors: Gu Sen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel piezoelectric hybrid-driven nanopositioner using combined leaf-spring-shaped and C-shaped flexure hinge mechanism. The piezoelectric hybrid-driven nanopositioner combines the piezoelectric stick-slip-driven nanopositioner and piezoelectric scanner in a single and compact device. This advance can decrease the size of nanoscratch-AFM hybrid system and make nanoscratch-AFM hybrid system compatible with the limited space of SEM vacuum chamber. A flexure hinge combining leaf-spring-shaped mechanism and C-shaped mechanism is developed to improve the load capability of piezoelectric stick-slip-driven nanopositioner. Unlike existing methods of improving load-capability by decreasing kinetic friction force value, the proposed flexure hinge employs C-shaped structure to decrease the retraction motion time of kinetic friction force, which can achieve high-load and compact structure simultaneously. Finite element analysis is implemented to optimize the thickness of the leaf-spring-shaped mechanism and diameter of the C-shaped mechanism. A prototype is fabricated and its experimental system is established. The mechanical output experiments show that the piezoelectric scanner achieved a maximum travel range of 4.9 μm, and piezoelectric stick-slip-driven nanopositionerm achieves a maximum load of 2 Kg. Experimental results of the nanoscratch-AFM hybrid system inside a standard SEM HITACHI SU5000 demonstrate that the proposed piezoelectric hybrid-driven nanopositioner is capable of nanoscratch positioning.
Numerical investigation on nonautonomous optical rogue waves and Modulation Instability analysis for a nonautonomous system
Authors: Saravana Veni S , Mani Rajan M S , Bertrand Tabi Conrad , Crépin Kofané Timoléon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we report existence of optical rogue waves in the focussing non—autonomous nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) through numerical studies of modulation instability (MI). The dynamics of non-autonomous rogue waves discussed and its associated modulation instability through linear stability analysis taken place followed by pulse splitting behaviour due to non—autonomous coefficient. We prove that the excitation of rogue waves with certain conditions in the base band modulation instability regime. The above analysis of complex dynamics in terms of MI processes has allowed to experiments to excite the nonlinear superposition of rogue wave solutions using a modulated plane wave optical field injected into optical fiber which offer the evidence for excitation of nonautonomous rogue waves in an inhomogeneous nonlinear medium. It is identified from the results frequency modulation on a wavefield induces modulation instability as a result of rogue waves. We analyze the dependence of parameters coefficient of group velocity dispersion(GVD) and nonlinearity (α(z)) and non—autonomous coefficient (β(z)) and the instability of rogue waves. Our work suggests that the presence of non-autonomous coefficients can have a significant impact on the emergence of extreme events, particularly in relation to their self—steepening nature.
Strong pressure dependence of the valence band maximum in tetragonal ZrO2
Authors: Forti Mariano D , Gargano Pablo H , Alonso Paula R , Rubiolo Gerardo H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
ZrO2 is a semiconductor compound widely used in several areas such as part of electronic devices, energy related materials, and catalysis due to its attractive electronic characteristics. In this work we explore its electronic properties in the surroundings of the energy gap. In particular, we show that the valence band maximum (VBM) could be strongly modulated with pressure. Using the Generalized Gradient Approximation within the Density Functional Theory we find that under compression the VBM moves, in reciprocal space, from a non-special point T

Σ
= (
τ
,
τ
, 0), with τ ≈ 0.23 in equilibrium, to A = (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) then to N
V
which moves with increasing pressure in the A → M line, and finally to M = (1/2, 1/2, 0). These transitions are studied by providing an approximation to the carrier effective mass components at the VBM and their variations with pressure, as well as the variations of the band gap. Since ZrO2 is very often used in situations under stress, this effect could strongly influence the evolution of the band gap, the electronic conductivity, and therefore could also be important for certain applications in electronics and catalysis.
Dynamics of a particle in the generalised Ellis-Bronnikov wormhole on the rotating Archimede’s spiral
Authors: Giorgadze N , Osmanov Z N 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A particle moving on curved magnetic field lines in the wormhole metrics is considered. The dynamics of a single particle is studied on a co-rotating parameterized magnetic field line. Being interested in the force-free dynamics we choose the rotating Archimedes’ spiral embedded in the generalized Ellis-Bronnikov metrics. By analysing the phase space, we explore how the physical parameters affect the motion of the particle and it is shown that the particles may reach the force free regime, eventually escaping the wormhole.
Feasibility of singularity avoidance for a collapsing object due to a scalar field
Authors: Bittencourt Eduardo , Cesar Alan G. , Pereira Jonas P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study the problem of the gravitational collapse of an object as seen by an external
observer. We assume that the resultant spacetime is a match of an external Vaidya spacetime with
an interior Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FRLW) spacetime of any spatial curvature and
with a scalar field both minimally and non-minimally coupled to the metric. With the goal of
studying a contracting (collapsing) object, for the initial moment of observation we take that its
energy density and pressure are positive, that there are no trapping surfaces, and that the null
energy condition (NEC) and the strong energy condition (SEC) are fulfilled. We show that there are
many cases where singularities could be avoided for both the minimal and non-minimal couplings,
although the contexts for so are very different in both cases. For the minimal coupling, the
avoidance of singularities could happen either through evaporation or altogether, triggered by a
violation of the SEC for a period of time. For the non-minimal coupling, the complete singularity
avoidance happens only if evaporation takes place, and a temporary violation of the SEC does not
thwart the formation of singularities. The above results show the relevance of the global (the
whole spacetime) validity of energy conditions for the singularity theorems to be applicable;
otherwise, the fate of a collapsing star is not known a priori. At the same time, the surface
behavior of a collapsing body offers partial diagnostics of what happens in the inaccessible regions of spacetime to external observers. Our analyses suggest that a bounce behavior of the
surface of the initially collapsing object is a fingerprint of the SEC violation in its interior,
and that could be due to the existence of scalar fields there.
Electrospinography for non-invasively recording spinal sensorimotor networks in humans
Authors: Steele Alexander G , Faraji Amir H , Contreras-Vidal Jose L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective. Currently, few non-invasive measures exist for directly measuring spinal sensorimotor networks. Electrospinography (ESG) is one non-invasive method but is primarily used to measure evoked responses or for monitoring the spinal cord during surgery. Our objectives were to evaluate the feasibility of ESG to measure spinal sensorimotor networks by determining spatiotemporal and functional connectivity changes during single-joint movements at the spinal and cortical levels. Approach. We synchronously recorded electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography, and ESG in ten neurologically intact adults while performing one of three lower-limb tasks (no movement, plantar-flexion and knee flexion) in the prone position. A multi-pronged approach was applied for removing artifacts using

H
∞

filtering, artifact subspace reconstruction and independent component (IC) analysis. Next, data were segmented by task and ICs of EEG were clustered across participants. Within-participant analysis of ICs and ESG data was conducted, and ESG was characterized in the time and frequency domains. Generalized partial directed coherence analysis was performed within ICs and between ICs and ESG data by participant and task. Results. K-means clustering resulted in five clusters of ICs at Brodmann areas (BAs) 9, BA 8, BA 39, BA 4, and BA 22. Areas associated with motor planning, working memory, visual processing, movement, and attention, respectively. Time-frequency analysis of ESG data found localized changes during movement execution when compared to no movement. Lastly, we found bi-directional changes in functional connectivity (p < 0.05, adjusted for multiple comparisons) within IC’s and between IC’s and ESG sensors during movement when compared to the no movement condition. Significance. To our knowledge this is the first report using high density ESG for characterizing single joint lower limb movements. Our findings provide support that ESG contains information about efferent and afferent signaling in neurologically intact adults and suggests that we can utilize ESG to directly study the spinal cord.
The role of vowel and consonant onsets in neural tracking of natural speech
Authors: Jalilpour Monesi Mohammad , Vanthornhout Jonas , Francart Tom , Van hamme Hugo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective. To investigate how the auditory system processes natural speech, models have been created to relate the electroencephalography (EEG) signal of a person listening to speech to various representations of the speech. Mainly the speech envelope has been used, but also phonetic representations. We investigated to which degree of granularity phonetic representations can be related to the EEG signal. Approach. We used recorded EEG signals from 105 subjects while they listened to fairy tale stories. We utilized speech representations, including onset of any phone, vowel–consonant onsets, broad phonetic class (BPC) onsets, and narrow phonetic class onsets, and related them to EEG using forward modeling and match–mismatch tasks. In forward modeling, we used a linear model to predict EEG from speech representations. In the match–mismatch task, we trained a long short term memory based model to determine which of two candidate speech segments matches with a given EEG segment. Main results. Our results show that vowel–consonant onsets outperform onsets of any phone in both tasks, which suggests that neural tracking of the vowel vs. consonant exists in the EEG to some degree. We also observed that vowel (syllable nucleus) onsets exhibit a more consistent representation in EEG compared to syllable onsets. Significance. Finally, our findings suggest that neural tracking previously thought to be associated with BPCs might actually originate from vowel–consonant onsets rather than the differentiation between different phonetic classes.
First observation of beta-induced Alfvén eigenmode inside the edge magnetic island on the J-TEXT tokamak
Authors: Yang J. , Liang Y. , Wang N.C. , Shi P. , Zhou S. , Chen Z.P. , Jiang Z.H. , Mao F.Y. , Hua J.K. , Li C.K. , Yang Q.H. , Li D. , Drews P. , Knieps A. , Wang E. , Xu S. , Xiang H.M. , Cai J.Q. , Huang J. , Gao Y.C. , Liu J.W. , Luo Y. , Liao L. , Yang Y.T. , Xie W. , Chen Z.Y. , Ding Y.H. ,   the J-TEXT Team
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Experiments conducted on the J-TEXT tokamak have provided the first evidence that the Beta-induced Alfvén Eigenmode (BAE) is localized inside the isolated helical flux tube of its edge m/n = 3/1 magnetic island. The observations show that the BAE forms a standing wave inside the magnetic island, with its nodes located at the X- and O-points of the magnetic island. When the island is cut open by contact with the limiter plates, the BAE is found to remain inside the remnant closed island in the Scrape-Off Layer, but its amplitude decreases as the width of the remnant island becomes smaller.
Shift of soil moisture-temperature coupling exacerbated 2022 compound hot-dry event in eastern China
Authors: Ni Yueyang , Qiu Bo , Miao Xin , Li Lingfeng , Chen Jiuyi , Tian Xiaohui , Zhao Siwen , Guo Weidong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Compound hot-dry events (CHDEs) are among the deadliest climate hazards and are occurring with increasing frequency under global warming. The Yangtze River Basin in China experienced a record-breaking CHDE in the summer of 2022, causing severe damage to human societies and ecosystems. Recent studies have emphasized the role of atmospheric circulation anomalies in driving this event. However, the contribution of land–atmosphere feedback to the development of this event remains unclear. Here, we investigated the impacts of soil moisture-temperature coupling on the development of this concurrent heatwave and drought. We showed that large amounts of surface net radiation were partitioned to sensible heat instead of latent heat as the soil moisture-temperature coupling pattern shifted from energy-limited to water-limited under low soil moisture conditions, forming positive land–atmosphere feedback and leading to unprecedented hot extremes in August. The spatial heterogeneity of hot extremes was also largely modulated by the land–atmosphere coupling strength. Furthermore, enhanced land–atmosphere feedback has played an important role in intensifying CHDEs in this traditional humid region. This study improves the understanding of the development of CHDEs from three aspects, including timing, intensity, and spatial distribution, and enables more effective early warning of CHDEs.
Measurement of irregular particle size from the reconstructed shape images
Authors: Sun Jinlu , Qiu Yue , Zhang Cheng , Wu Yuhang , Li Yuqiang , Miao Changyun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A method for measuring the size of irregular particles is proposed. The smallest bounding rectangular box of the particle image can be acquired after obtaining interferometric out-of-focus image by using interferometric particle imaging technology and reconstructing particle shape through convolutional neural network. The number of image pixels of the particle can be obtained from the smallest bounding rectangular box. A new pixel size is defined by using the box counting method based on the analysis of the relationship between particle size and pixel size. The width and height of the particles are then obtained. The maximum relative errors in width and height are 1.47% and 1.16%, respectively. The results indicate that the proposed method can provide a research basis for the realization of three-dimensional size measurement of particles.
Electro-oxidation of pyrene on glassy carbon electrode modified with fMWCNTs/CuO nanocomposite
Authors: Adesanya Funmilola A , Fayemi Omolola E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of pyrene, a well-known polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, was investigated using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with nanocomposite of copper oxide nanoparticles incorporated functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs). The catalytic copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) synthesized through a chemical co-precipitation method was combined with the highly electrically conductive functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes using a simple and efficient method. Several analytical techniques were employed in characterizing the nanomaterials namely: the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and the ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, to validate the authenticity of the synthesis. The electrochemical behaviour of the proposed electrode was investigated in 10 mM [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), revealing the highest current response and lowest charge transfer resistance at the hybrid nanocomposite modified electrode (GCE/fMWCNTs/CuO NPs) in comparison with the other electrodes studied in this work (GCE, GCE/CuO NPs, and GCE/fMWCNTs. The electrocatalytic efficacy of the electrodes towards pyrene oxidation was also evaluated, with a similarly outstanding increment in the oxidation peak current response and highly reduced resistance to charge transfer at the nanocomposite-modified glassy carbon electrode. This enhanced electrocatalytic activity facilitated the transport of electrons between the pyrene molecules and the nanocomposite-modified electrode which is attributable to the synergy between the functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the copper oxide nanoparticles. The low detection limit of 1.30 μM within the linear range (1.2–23.1 μM) demonstrated by the sensor indicates its high sensitivity and potential for environmental based analytical applications such as pyrene detection.