bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cancer-associated fibroblasts interact with malignant T cells in mycosis fungoides and promote the disease progression
Authors: Zhao Yige , Li Yong , Wang Panpan , Zhu Mengyan , Wang Jiaqi , Xie Bo , Tang Chenyu , Ma Yangyang , Wang Shiwen , Jin Sha , Xu Jinhui , Li Zhao , Zhang Xiaoyan , Li Liuyu , Song Xiuzu , Wang Ping 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundCutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a heterogeneous group of T-cell lymphomas characterized with the presence of clonal malignant T cells. Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of CTCL. However, the pathogenesis of MF and the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain unclear.MethodsWe performed single-cell RNA sequencing on tumor and adjacent normal tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from patients with advanced MF and healthy control (HC). We compared skin lesions in different stages within the same patient to overcome inter-individual variability.ResultsThe malignant clones displayed dual phenotypes characterized with tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) and central memory T cells (TCMs). We supposed that the tumor cells transformed from TRM-dominant phenotype to TCM-dominant phenotype during MF progressed from early-stage to advanced-stage. The cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) showed active role in TME. The occurrence of inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs) may represent the advanced-stage MF. There may be mutual positive feedback of the crosstalk between tumor cells and CAFs during the MF development. Tumor cells promote CAF generation, and the CAFs, in turn, improve the invasiveness and metastasis of the malignant T cells through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3/SOX4 or IL-6/HIF-1α/SOX4 pathway. SOX4 may be a critical regulatory gene of this positive feedback loop. Target SOX4 may disrupt the interactions between tumor cells and CAFs.ConclusionOur study revealed the origin and evolution trajectory of MF and uncovered the intercellular interactions between malignant T cells and CAFs, providing new insights into the novel treatment targets of MF.
Assessment of prognosis and responsiveness to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer patients based on the level of immune cell infiltration
Authors: Liao Kaili , Zhu Minqi , Guo Lei , Gao Zijun , Cheng Jinting , Sun Bing , Qian Yihui , Lin Bingying , Zhang Jingyan , Qian Tingyi , Jiang Yixin , Xu Yanmei , Zhong Qionghui , Wang Xiaozhong 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo build a new prognostic risk assessment model based on immune cell co-expression networks for predicting overall survival and evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy for colon cancer patients.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to obtain mRNA expression profiling data, clinical information, and somatic mutation data from colorectal cancer patients. The degree of tumor immune cell infiltration of the samples was analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Co-expression of immune-related genes was analyzed using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and gene modules were identified. Prognosis-related genes were screened and models were constructed using LASSO-Cox analysis. The models were validated by survival analysis. The prognostic potential of the models was quantitatively assessed using Cox regression analysis and the development of column line plots. Immunotherapy sensitivity analysis was performed using CIBERSORT and TIMER algorithms. Gene biofunction analysis was performed using Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene set variation analysis (GSVA). And the chemotherapeutic response to different drugs was assessed.ResultsWe established a novel prognostic model utilizing the WGCNA method, which demonstrated robust predictive accuracy for patient survival. The high-risk subgroup in our model exhibited elevated immune cell infiltration coupled with a higher tumor mutation burden, but the difference in response to immunotherapy was not significant compared to the low-risk group. Furthermore, we identified distinct chemotherapy responses to 39 drugs between these risk subgroups.ConclusionThis study revealed a significant correlation between high levels of immune infiltration and unfavorable prognosis in patients with colon cancer. Furthermore, an accurate prognostic risk prediction model based on the co-expression of relevant genes by immune cells was developed, enabling precise prediction of survival of colon cancer patients. These findings offer valuable insights for accurate prognostication and comprehensive management of individuals diagnosed with colon cancer.
Competency-based training in anaesthesiology: train the trainers first. A descriptive cross-sectional survey by the committee of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) Teach the Teachers Masterclass
Authors: Neskovic Vojislava , Oliveira Carmen , Raz Aeyal , Bromley Lesley , Jovanovic Gordana 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe level of competence in teaching among trainers expected to deliver training according to the European Training Requirement in anaesthesiology is unknown. The aim of this descriptive cross-sectional survey, performed from 1 September 2021 until 31 October 2021, and promoted by the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) was to establish the current level of knowledge and faculty development among European countries regarding competency-based education and training (CBMET) in anesthesia and intensive care.ResultsA total of 711 responses of anaesthesiologists working in 46 European countries were analyzed. The great majority (530/74.64%) had more than 10 years of experience in anesthesia, were experienced specialists, or held more senior positions (645/90.97%), worked in academic hospitals (451/63.5%), and claimed to be involved in teaching residents (561/79.01%). Most respondents declared either not sure or no knowledge (115/546; 21.06% and 232/546; 42.49%) about European training requirements in anaesthesiology. One-third claim to know about CBMET. Formal training in teaching has 21% of respondents. Lack of time (369/506; 72.92%) and overload with work (351/506; 69.36%) are reported as the most important obstacles in teaching residents. A disparity in the answers is present between, but within the countries too.ConclusionsThe results of the presented survey reveal that even among experienced anesthesia professionals dedicated to medical education there is still a lack of knowledge on CBMET as well as systemic support for faculty development in European countries. The differences within and between European countries regarding the perception of CBMET. Dedication to faculty development is necessary to improve European anesthesia and intensive care education.
Stabilization effect and mechanism of heavy metals by microbial consortium of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and urease-producing bacteria
Authors: Zhu Xuezhe , Zhou Yupin , Yan Zhenghao , Yan Yongfang , Li Shuangquan , Yu Mingjiao , Yan Xiao , Zhang Mingjiang 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionStabilization of heavy metals through phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) induced phosphate precipitation and urease-producing bacteria (UPB) induced carbonate precipitation are promising bioremediation methods. However, little attention has been conducted on the combined action of the above two bioremediations to stabilize heavy metals.MethodsPSB and UPB were isolated from the environment and their growth characteristics and antagonistic properties were studied. A simulated solution of acidic leachate was prepared based on heavy metal contaminated soil. Microbial consortium of PSB and UPB were constructed for the stabilization of heavy metals by optimizing carbon and nitrogen sources. The microstructural and compositional changes during the biostabilization process were more deeply analyzed using XRD, FT-IR and SEM-EDS.Results and discussionThe precipitation of heavy metals could be promoted effectively when soluble starch (10.2 g/L) was used as carbon source and urea (7.8 g/L) as nitrogen source. The stabilization rates for Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were 98.35, 99.78, 99.09, and 92.26%, respectively. The stabilization rates of the combined action of PSB and UPB were significantly higher than that of the two microorganisms alone. An in-depth analysis showed that the composite metals were precipitated as dense precipitate encased in carbonate and phosphate, and additionally could be stabilized in the form of biosorption. Finally, the stabilization mechanism of heavy metals based on biomineralization and biosorption is proposed. These findings provide new theoretical support for sustainable remediation and management strategies for composite heavy metal polluted areas.
Enrichment of electrotrophic microorganisms from contrasting shallow-sea hydrothermal environments in bioelectrochemical reactors
Authors: Carissimo Antoine , Comes Victoria , Heussner Alenica , Prime Anne-Hélène , Price Roy E. , Erauso Gaël , Liebgott Pierre-Pol , Kerzenmacher Sven , Pillot Guillaume 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionHydrothermal vents are inhabited by electrotrophic microorganisms, which are capable of oxidizing extracellular compounds, such as metals, to power their metabolisms. However, their diversity is poorly known, especially in shallow-sea hydrothermal vents where it has not been extensively studied. Bioelectrochemical reactors can be used to investigate such electrotrophic diversity by providing an electrode as an electron donor.MethodsHere, a total of 60 different reactors were set up and inoculated with either a microbial community coming from the shallow, acidic (ca. pH 5.5) and hot (ca. 120°C) hydrothermal system of Panarea, Aeolian islands, Italy, or the shallow, alkaline (pH 11) and mild (40°C) hydrothermal system of Prony Bay, New Caledonia.ResultsWith the alkaline sample, no electrical current increase was seen in any of the 15 reactors operated for 6 days under Prony hydrothermal conditions (pH 10, 30–75°C). By contrast, a 6-fold increase on average was observed in reactors operated under the Panarea hydrothermal fluid conditions (pH 4.5–7, 75°C). A Multi-Factor Analysis revealed that the overall bioelectrochemical performances of these reactors set them apart from all the other Panarea and Prony conditions, not only due to their higher current production but also archaeal abundances (measured through qPCR). Most reactors produced organic acids (up to 2.9 mM in 6 days). Still, coulombic efficiencies indicated that this might have been due to the (electro) fermentation of traces of yeast extract in the medium rather than CO2 fixation. Finally, microbial communities were described by 16S metabarcoding and ordination methods, and potential electrotrophic taxa were identified. In Panarea reactors, higher growth was correlated with a few bacterial genera, mainly Bacillus and Pseudoalteromonas, including, for the former, at higher temperatures (55°C and 75°C). In reactors reproducing the Prony Bay hydrothermal conditions, known facultative methylotrophs, such as Sphingomonas and Methylobacterium, were dominant and appeared to consume formate (provided as carbon source) but no electrons from the cathode.ConclusionThese results provide new insights into the distribution and diversity of electrotrophs in shallow-sea hydrothermal vents and allow the identification of potential novel biocatalysts for Microbial Electrosynthesis whereby electricity and carbon dioxide are converted into value-added products.
EEG analysis of speaking and quiet states during different emotional music stimuli
Authors: Lin Xianwei , Wu Xinyue , Wang Zefeng , Cai Zhengting , Zhang Zihan , Xie Guangdong , Hu Lianxin , Peyrodie Laurent 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionMusic has a profound impact on human emotions, capable of eliciting a wide range of emotional responses, a phenomenon that has been effectively harnessed in the field of music therapy. Given the close relationship between music and language, researchers have begun to explore how music influences brain activity and cognitive processes by integrating artificial intelligence with advancements in neuroscience.MethodsIn this study, a total of 120 subjects were recruited, all of whom were students aged between 19 and 26 years. Each subject is required to listen to six 1-minute music segments expressing different emotions and speak at the 40-second mark. In terms of constructing the classification model, this study compares the classification performance of deep neural networks with other machine learning algorithms.ResultsThe differences in EEG signals between different emotions during speech are more pronounced compared to those in a quiet state. In the classification of EEG signals for speaking and quiet states, using deep neural network algorithms can achieve accuracies of 95.84% and 96.55%, respectively.DiscussionUnder the stimulation of music with different emotions, there are certain differences in EEG between speaking and resting states. In the construction of EEG classification models, the classification performance of deep neural network algorithms is superior to other machine learning algorithms.
Clinicopathological and molecular characterization of astrocytoma
Authors: Wu Xiaoyan , Peng Wenfeng , Zhang Xu , Tang Tao , Deng Ling , Xu Yuxia , Liu Xiaoyun , Wang Fang , Peng Wujian , Huang Jianrong , Zhong Xiaoni 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAstrocytoma is a rare tumour of the central nervous system that often manifests with non-specific clinical symptoms and lacks distinct histological features. There is a pressing need for further understanding of the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of astrocytoma. Identifying mutant genes can aid in reliable and early diagnosis, as well as provide insights for the development of targeted therapies.MethodsThis study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of astroblastoma. A total of four patients diagnosed with astroblastoma were included in the analysis. Clinical features, histological findings, and immunohistochemistry results were reviewed and analyzed. Genetic alterations were identified using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and next-generation sequencing (NGS), followed by patient follow-up.ResultsThe study included four female patients, ranging in age from 8 to 44 years. One patient had a tumour in the right parietal lobe, while the other three had tumours in the spinal cord. Histology is usually characterized by pseudorosettes of astroblasts and hyalinization of blood vessels. These tumors showed a growth pattern similar to traditional intracranial astroblastoma, and the histological manifestations of the four patients were all high-grade, showing features of high-density areas of tumor cells or necrosis. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that all four patients expressed OLIG2, EMA, and vimentin, while three patients also expressed GFAP and S-100. The Ki-67 positivity index was approximately 15% in three cases and 10% in one case. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using break-apart probes showed EWRS1 breaks in three patients and MN1 breaks in one. Further DNA or RNA-targeted biallelic sequencing identified an EWSR1(Exon1-7)-BEND2(Exon2-14) fusion in case 1, and an EWSR1(Exon1-7)-BEND2(Intergenic) fusion in case 2. In case 3, an EWSR1(Exon1-7)-NUDT10(Intergenic) fusion was present, and in case 4, an MN1(Exon1)-BEND2(Exon2) fusion was identified. The EWSR1-NUDT10 gene fusion is a new fusion type in astroblastoma. The patients were followed up for 76.5, 17.6, 33.7, and 61.3 months, respectively. Three cases experienced tumour recurrences at the spinal cord site, with multiple recurrences in case 4.DiscussionOur study unveiled the distinctive clinicopathological and molecular mutational characteristics of astrocytoma, while also identifying rare mutated genes. Additionally, the detection of MN1 or EWSR1 gene fusion through FISH or next-generation sequencing can provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms and aid in the differential diagnosis of astrocytoma.
Spicy food intake and overweight/obesity in rural Southwest China: findings from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiong Huali , Zhao Peng , Ma Fengxun , Tang Dayi , Liu Daiqiang 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSpicy food is an essential part of the culinary culture in rural southwest China, while little is known about the association between spicy food intake and overweight/obesity. This study was undertaken to explore the association between spicy food intake and overweight/obesity by a cross-sectional study.MethodWe enrolled 2,995 individuals aged 30–79 years living in Rongchang, Chongqing municipality, southwest China from The China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study, which was deemed to be the largest cohort study in southwest China. A multivariable-adjusted logistic regression model was applied to estimate the association between spicy food intake and overweight/obesity. Additionally, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the stability of the results.ResultsA total of 81.67% of participants had the habit of consuming spicy food. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 57.53%. Spicy food intake (OR = 2.913, 95%CI: 1.319–6.434) and frequency of spicy food intake (OR = 1.300, 95%CI: 1.164–1.452) were positively associated with overweight/obesity. Compared with the participants who never consumed spicy food, after adjusting for confounding factors, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) in frequency of spicy food intake in 1–2 days/week, 3–5 days/week, 6–7 days/week subgroups were 3.985 (1.855–8.560), 4.381 (2.011–9.543), 6.515 (3.101–13.686), respectively. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and age group, as well as sensitivity analyses, have consistently revealed a similar association between spicy food intake/the frequency of spicy food intake and overweight/obesity.ConclusionThis study could provide additional evidence for overweight and the obesity epidemic among rural adults in southwest China. Reducing spicy food intake might benefit from weight management.
Quantifying the spatial patterns of retinal ganglion cell loss and progression in optic neuropathy by applying a deep learning variational autoencoder approach to optical coherence tomography
Authors: Wang Jui-Kai , Johnson Brett A. , Chen Zhi , Zhang Honghai , Szanto David , Woods Brian , Wall Michael , Kwon Young H. , Linton Edward F. , Pouw Andrew , Kupersmith Mark J. , Garvin Mona K. , Kardon Randy H. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionGlaucoma, optic neuritis (ON), and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) produce distinct patterns of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage. We propose a booster Variational Autoencoder (bVAE) to capture spatial variations in RGC loss and generate latent space (LS) montage maps that visualize different degrees and spatial patterns of optic nerve bundle injury. Furthermore, the bVAE model is capable of tracking the spatial pattern of RGC thinning over time and classifying the underlying cause.MethodsThe bVAE model consists of an encoder, a display decoder, and a booster decoder. The encoder decomposes input ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness maps into two display latent variables (dLVs) and eight booster latent variables (bLVs). The dLVs capture primary spatial patterns of RGC thinning, while the display decoder reconstructs the GCL map and creates the LS montage map. The bLVs add finer spatial details, improving reconstruction accuracy. XGBoost was used to analyze the dLVs and bLVs, estimating normal/abnormal GCL thinning and classifying diseases (glaucoma, ON, and NAION). A total of 10,701 OCT macular scans from 822 subjects were included in this study.ResultsIncorporating bLVs improved reconstruction accuracy, with the image-based root-mean-square error (RMSE) between input and reconstructed GCL thickness maps decreasing from 5.55 ± 2.29 µm (two dLVs only) to 4.02 ± 1.61 µm (two dLVs and eight bLVs). However, the image-based structural similarity index (SSIM) remained similar (0.91 ± 0.04), indicating that just two dLVs effectively capture the main GCL spatial patterns. For classification, the XGBoost model achieved an AUC of 0.98 for identifying abnormal spatial patterns of GCL thinning over time using the dLVs. Disease classification yielded AUCs of 0.95 for glaucoma, 0.84 for ON, and 0.93 for NAION, with bLVs further increasing the AUCs to 0.96 for glaucoma, 0.93 for ON, and 0.99 for NAION.ConclusionThis study presents a novel approach to visualizing and quantifying GCL thinning patterns in optic neuropathies using the bVAE model. The combination of dLVs and bLVs enhances the model’s ability to capture key spatial features and predict disease progression. Future work will focus on integrating additional image modalities to further refine the model’s diagnostic capabilities.
An analysis of the burden of migraine and tension-type headache across the global, China, the United States, India and Japan
Authors: Xu Rongjiang , Zhang Ruonan , Dong Liang , Xu Xiaonuo , Fan Xiaoping , Zhou Jiying 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundRecurrent headaches in headache disorders adversely impact quality of life and job. Migraines and tension-type headache TTH) are the most common primary headaches and a prominent cause of disability globally. However, few research compare headache illness burden in China, India, the United States (US), and Japan.MethodsGlobal and Chinese, the US, Indian, and Japanese migraine and TTH incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years were taken from the GBD database for 1990–2021. The data is studied utilizing decomposition analysis, health inequality research, joinpoint regression model, and Bayesian Average Annual Percentage Change (BAPC) model.ResultsThe study found that migraine mostly affects women aged 15–49, while TTH are evenly distributed across gender and age. The worldwide average annual percentage change (AAPC) in disease-adjusted life years (DALYs) for migraine and TTH from 1990 to 2021 was 0.0357, a statistically significant trend (p &lt; 0.001), as determined using joinpoint analysis. China exhibited the quickest rise in migraine and TTH incidence and prevalence, as well as the age-standardized rate (ASR) of DALYs, of the four nations analyzed. The US had the highest value of these indicators. Forecasting models reveal that without policy action, migraine prevalence will grow but TTH prevalence would stay unchanged. Decomposition research showed that population expansion is the major cause of migraines and TTH, which will be slightly alleviated by population aging. Health disparities across economic growth areas lessened between 1990 and 2021, according to the report.ConclusionGlobally and in China, migraine and TTH incidence and burden have increased since 1990. Migraines are becoming more common in young and middle-aged women, so headache treatment professionals should invest more in patient education to raise awareness and improve self-management to reduce disease burden and medical costs.