bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of bladder cancer spheroids and cultured in microfluidic platform for predicting drug response
Authors: Xiong Qiao , Liu Ting , Ying Yidie , Yu Xiaowen , Wang Ziwei , Gao Hongliang , Lin Tianhai , Fan Weihua , Zhang Zhensheng , Wei Qiang , Ge Yuqing , Zeng Shuxiong , Xu Chuanliang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCisplatin‐containing combination chemotherapy has been used as the standard treatment for bladder cancer patients at advanced stage. However, nearly 50% of patients are nonresponders. To guide the selection of more effective chemotherapeutic agents, a bladder cancer spheroids microfluidic drug sensitivity analysis system was established in this study. Bladder cancer spheroids were established and successfully cultured in a customized microfluidic device to assess their response to different chemotherapeutic agents. The in vitro drug sensitivity results were also compared to patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) models and clinical responses of patients. As a result, bladder cancer spheroids faithfully recapitulate the histopathological and genetic features of their corresponding parental tumors. Furthermore, the in vitro drug sensitivity outcomes of spheroids (n = 8) demonstrated a high level of correlation with the PDX (n = 2) and clinical response in patients (n = 2). Our study highlights the potential of combining bladder cancer spheroids and microfluidic devices as an efficient and accurate platform for personalized selection of chemotherapeutic agents.
A better understanding of the role of the CTLA–CD80/86 axis in the treatment of autoimmune diseases
Authors: Darvish Zahra , Kheder Ramiar Kamal , Faraj Tola Abdulsattar , Najmaldin Soran K. , Mollazadeh Samaneh , Nosratabadi Reza , Esmaeili Seyed‐Alireza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAutoimmune diseases are diseases in which the regulatory mechanisms of the immune response are disturbed. As a result, the body loses self‐tolerance. Since one of the main regulatory mechanisms of the immune response is the CTLA4–CD80/86 axis, this hypothesis suggests that autoimmune diseases potentially share a similar molecular basis of pathogenesis. Hence, investigating the CTLA4–CD80/86 axis may be helpful in finding an appropriate treatment strategy. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the molecular basis of the CTLA4–CD80/86 axis in the regulation of the immune response, and then its role in developing some autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. As well, the main therapeutic strategies affecting the CTLA4–CD80/86 axis have been summarized to highlight the importance of this axis in management of autoimmune diseases.
Site‐selective Mono‐ and Bifunctionalization of Graphene Oxide: Screening Nanocatalysts for Organophosphate Degradation
Authors: Santos Yane H. , Martinez André H. G. , Veiga Amanda Garcez , Rocco Maria Luiza M. , Zarbin Aldo J. G. , Orth Elisa S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTargeted multiple functionalization is a promising tool for developing nanocatalysts for the degradation of toxic organophosphates, present in many agrochemicals and chemical warfare. Herein, we functionalized graphene oxide with two different functional groups (thiol and imidazole), focused on two distinct anchoring sites: epoxide and carboxylic acids. The mono‐ and bifunctionalized materials showed pronounced catalytic activity in the degradation of a toxic organophosphate. This was attributed to cooperative multiple catalyses by the reactive imidazole/thiol groups and neighbouring groups (carboxylate/hydroxyl) on the nanocatalyst backbone. The best nanocatalyst was monofunctionalized via epoxides, which showed the lowest degree of functionalization and highest amount of carboxylic acids. In this case, it could benefit from a bifunctional nucleophilic and general base catalysis involving the thiol and carboxylate groups, respectively. The bifunctionalization strategy via both epoxide and carboxylic acids showed to be better than the analogue bifunctionalized solely via the carboxylic acids, evidencing the importance of the spatial distribution of the anchoring sites. Overall, the functionalization strategy varies the positioning and availability of reactive groups which directly affects the catalytic outcome.
A Strategy Based on “Ambident Anthracene” for the Synthesis of Higher‐Order Iptycenes
Authors: Iwata Takayuki , Hyodo Mizuki , Kawano Ryusei , Shindo Mitsuru 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn efficient method for the synthesis of higher‐order iptycenes using an “ambident anthracene” building block is presented. For that purpose, an iterative elongation strategy involving the ring‐opening of an endoxide to give a highly reactive anthranoxide, followed by a Diels‐Alder reaction with an aryne was used. The method systematically provides higher‐order iptycenes, including trideciptycene, which is currently the iptycene with the longest chain to have been synthesized. X‐ray crystallography revealed interesting structures in which solvent molecules fill the cavities of these iptycenes, thus creating a “honeycomb” structure with the solvent molecules arranged in tubular spaces.
Tridentate NacNac Tames T‐Shaped Nickel(I) Radical
Authors: Pahar Sanjukta , Sharma Vishal , Raj K. Vipin , Sangole Mayur P. , George Christy P. , Singh Kirandeep , Vanka Kumar , Gonnade Rajesh G. , Sen Sakya S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe reaction of a nickel(II) chloride complex containing a tridentate β‐diketiminato ligand with a picolyl group [2,6‐iPr2‐C6H3NC(Me)CHC(Me)NH(CH2py)]Ni(II)Cl (1)] with KSi(SiMe3)3 conveniently afforded a nickel(I) radical with a T‐shaped geometry (2). The compound‘s metalloradical nature was confirmed through electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies and its reaction with TEMPO, resulting in the formation of a highly unusual three‐membered nickeloxaziridine complex (3). When reacted with disulfide and diselenide, the S−S and Se−Se bonds were cleaved, and a coupled product was formed through carbon atom of the pyridine‐imine group. The nickel(I) radical activates dihydrogen at room temperature and atmospheric pressure to give the monomeric nickel hydride.
Cevipabulin induced abnormal tubulin protofilaments polymerization by binding to Vinblastine site and The Seventh site
Authors: Bai Peng , Yan Wei , Yang Jianhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicrotubules, composed of αβ‐tubulin heterodimers, are crucial targets for chemotherapeutic agents and possess eight binding sites. Our previous study identified cevipabulin as the only one agent capable of simultaneously binding to two different sites (Vinblastine site and The Seventh site). Binding to The Seventh site by cevipabulin induces tubulin degradation. This study aimed to investigate whether it is binding to the Vinblastine site and The Seventh site exhibited an interactive cellular effect. Surprisingly, we discovered that cevipabulin induced abnormal tubulin protofilaments polymerization, a previously undefined tubulin morphology, and we proved it was an interactive effect of Cevipabulin's binding to both Vinblastine site and The Seventh site. Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy confirmed cevipabulin induced the formation of linear tubulin protofilaments and their subsequent aggregation into irregular tubulin aggregates. Competition binding assays and the αY224G mutation revealed that binding of cevipabulin to both sites was necessary for the tubulin protofilaments polymerization effect. Moreover, we found that co‐treatment with a microtubule stabilization agent binding the Vinblastine site and a microtubule destabilization agent binding at the intra‐dimer interface of tubulin could also induce similar tubulin protofilaments polymerization. We proposed a mechanism where a microtubule stabilization agent on the Vinblastine site enhances longitudinal interactions between tubulin dimers, while, a microtubule destabilization agent binding at the intra‐dimer interface prevents the adoption of a straight conformation of the tubulin dimer and disrupts lateral interactions between tubulins, consequently leading to tubulin protofilaments polymerization. This study reported a new inhibitor‐induced‐tubulin‐morphology‐change and would provide insight into tubulin dynamic instability and also guide further study of cevipabulin.
Plasmon‐Molecule Interactions in Single‐Molecule Junctions
Authors: Zhang Xiangui , Li Zhengyu , Ji Shurui , Xu Wei , Chen Lijue , Xiao Zongyuan , Liu Junyang , Hong Wenjing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSingle‐molecule optoelectronics offers opportunities for advancing integrated photonics and electronics, which also serves as a tool to elucidate the underlying mechanism of light‐matter interaction. Plasmonics, which plays pivotal role in the interaction of photons and matter, have became an emerging area. A comprehensive understanding of the plasmonic excitation and modulation mechanisms within single‐molecule junctions (SMJs) lays the foundation for optoelectronic devices. Consequently, this review primarily concentrates on illuminating the fundamental principles of plasmonics within SMJs, delving into their research methods and modulation factors of plasmon‐exciton. Moreover, we underscore the interaction phenomena within SMJs, including the enhancement of molecular fluorescence by plasmonics, Fano resonance and Rabi splitting caused by the interaction of plasmon‐exciton. Finally, by emphasizing the potential applications of plasmonics within SMJs, such as their roles in optical tweezers, single‐photon sources, super‐resolution imaging, and chemical reactions, we elucidate the future prospects and current challenges in this domain.
SMEOR: Sink mobility‐based energy‐optimized routing in energy harvesting‐enabled wireless sensor network
Authors: Gupta Amar Deep , Kumar Rout Ranjeet 
Published: December 2023

SummaryFor accurate environmental monitoring, a wireless sensor network (WSN) uses a collection of autonomous sensor nodes (SNs) that are dispersed at random across a given area. WSNs are used for various applications that require real‐time data. While the SNs in a WSN are limited in their ability to generate energy, the routing process is seen as a vital means of improving the network's ability to conserve resources and prolong its useful life. In this research work, we present sink mobility‐based energy‐optimized routing (SMEOR) in energy harvesting (EH)‐enabled WSN. While following the cluster‐based routing, the election of cluster head (CH) is executed using our proposed extended spotted hyena Lévy flight optimization (ESHLFO) algorithm. Furthermore, to address the energy‐hole problem, four data‐collection energy‐unlimited nodes are used around the periphery of the network. The sink moves from one EH‐enabled node to another to collect data. Further, security in SMEOR is ensured by encrypting the data using a stream cipher and a stochastically generated security key. It is evident from the simulation analysis that SMEOR delivers network longevity and supreme performance.
Endostatin, soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 2 cannot predict new onset of microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Scurt Florian G. , Menne Jan , Brandt Sabine , Bernhardt Anja , Mertens Peter R. , Haller Hermann , Chatzikyrkou Christos 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsInflammation and angiogenesis play an important role in the development of early diabetic kidney disease. We investigated the association of soluble Tumour Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (sTNF‐R1), sTNF‐R2 and endostatin with new onset microalbuminuria in normoalbuminuric patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.MethodsWe conducted a case control study to assess serum levels of sTNF‐R1, sTNF‐R2 and endostatin in 169 patients with new onset microalbuminuria and in 188 matched normoalbuminuric, diabetic controls. Baseline serum samples from participants of the ROADMAP (Randomized Olmesartan and Diabetes Microalbuminuria Prevention) and observational follow‐up (ROADMAP‐OFU) studies were used.ResultsEndostatin and sTNF‐R1 but not sTNF‐R2 were increased at baseline in patients with future microalbuminuria. In the multivariate analysis, each log2 increment in endostatin levels was associated with an increase of only 6% in the risk of development of microalbuminuria (adjusted HR (95% CI) 1.006 (1.001–1011). sTNF‐R1 and sTNF‐R2 levels were conversely associated with microalbuminuria, but the results did not reach statistical significance. The respective adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.305 (0.928–1.774) and 0.874 (0.711–1.074).ConclusionssTNF‐R1 and sTNF‐R2 failed to predict the occurrence of microalbuminuria in normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes. Likewise, the utility of endostatin in predicting new onset proteinuria is limited.
Selection pressure by specialist and generalist insect herbivores leads to optimal constitutive plant defense. A mathematical model
Authors: Chakraborty Suman , Gershenzon Jonathan , Schuster Stefan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBrassicaceae plants have the glucosinolate–myrosinase defense system, jointly active against herbivory. However, constitutive glucosinolate (GLS) defense is observed to occur at levels that do not deter all insects from feeding. That prompts the question of why Brassicaceae plants have not evolved a higher constitutive defense. The answer may lie in the contrasting relationship between plant defense and host plant preference of specialist and generalist herbivores. GLS content increases a plant's susceptibility to specialist insects. In contrast, generalists are deterred by the plant GLSs. Although GLSs can attract the natural enemies (predators and parasitoids) of these herbivores, enemies can reduce herbivore pressure to some extent only. So, plants can be overrun by specialists if GLS content is too high, whereas generalists can invade the plants if it is too low. Therefore, an optimal constitutive plant defense can minimize the overall herbivore pressure. To explain the optimal defense theoretically, we model the contrasting host selection behavior of insect herbivores and the emergence of their natural enemies by non‐autonomous ordinary differential equations, where the independent variable is the plant GLS concentration. From the model, we quantify the optimal amount of GLSs, which minimizes total herbivore (specialists and generalists) pressure. That quite successfully explains the evolution of constitutive defense in plants from the perspective of optimality theory.
Ag‐Catalyzed Remote Dehydrogenative‐coupling of Unactivated C(sp3)−H Alcohols with Quinazolines for the Synthesis of δ‐Hydroxylalkyl Substituted Quinazolines in Aqueous Media
Authors: Xie Dayu , Liu Yan , Liu Xixian , Yang Qin , Peng Yiyuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn efficient silver‐catalyzed δ‐regioselective unactivated C(sp3 )−H of free alcohols dehydrogenative coupling with quinazolines for the synthesis of δ‐hydroxylalkyl substituted quinazolines in aqueous media has been developed. Various alcohols including 1° and 2° alcohols, reacted with quinazolines through 1,5‐hydrogen‐atom transfer strategies to give the corresponding 2‐ or 4‐ δ‐hydroxylalkyl substituted quinazolines with good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Notably, several substituted quinazolines and quinazolinones could be selectively dehydrogenative‐coupled with divergent free alcohols. This protocol provides a platform to access divergent functionalizations of quinazolines and quinazolinones to meet the growing needs for screening.
Periodic motion and optimization design of non‐stacked particle damper based on the double inert mass equivalent model
Authors: Huang Xuhong , Miao Jijun , Li Xiaojun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo promote the application of non‐stacked particle damper (NSPD) in civil engineering, a design methodology was suggested on the basis of the double inert mass equivalent model. NSPD single‐story steel frame model is selected as the research object in this paper. First, the analytical solution for the periodic motion with symmetric two impacts was discussed. The shaking table test was performed to verify the rationality of the analytical solution under harmonic excitation. Subsequently, based on the analytical solution, the influence of equivalent connection stiffness on the vibration reduction effect and mechanism was analysed under resonant and non‐resonant harmonic excitation. The numerical analysis methods of the optimal equivalent connection stiffness were obtained accordingly. Finally, the effectiveness and generalization of the proposed optimal equivalent connection stiffness were discussed numerically under harmonic excitation and seismic ground motion. An optimal design process for the NSPD was proposed accordingly. Based on this, the vibration reduction performance analysis of NSPD under far‐field records, near‐fault pulse‐like records and near‐fault non‐pulse records was further conducted in the end. The results show that the time‐dependent frequency behaviour of the uncontrolled structure has a significant impact on the performance of the NSPD. The proposed optimization method is effective, which can be used as the foundation for the optimization of NSPD under earthquakes.
Study on microstructure and charge–discharge mechanism of all solid‐state indium‐graphite batteries
Authors: Huang Bo‐Chin , Fan Wen‐Chin , Hung Fei‐Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study centers on indium‐ion solid‐state batteries. Indium is a soft metal that provides excellent adhesion and does not generate dendrites during the charge–discharge process. The solid‐state electrolyte material, sodium‐based silicate, is an environmentally friendly material that offers better thermal stability compared to liquid electrolytes and reduces packaging requirements. The positive electrode material, a graphite film (GF), features a layered structure, enabling the stable insertion and extraction of ions. In this experiment, graphite film doped sodium phosphate (GFN) are used as positive electrodes, sodium‐based silicate powder through cloth deposition (battery cloth deposition [BCD]) is used as the electrolyte and indium is used as the negative electrode. To improve the low capacity of indium electrodes, indium is alloyed with silver and prepared by thermal evaporation method. The results show that the In‐30Ag with Cu substrate (weight ratio of In‐30 wt.% Ag) exhibits higher cycling capacity (61 mAhg−1). To further increase the capacity, the substrate of In‐30Ag is replaced from copper foil to aluminum foil. According to result, the capacity of In‐30Ag with Al substrate (91 mAhg−1) exhibits 1.6 times higher compared to In‐30Ag with Cu substrate. However, In‐30Ag with Al substrate after vacuum heat treatment, the thin film exhibits melting and agglomeration, leading to a decrease in capacity. Thus, the unheated In‐30Ag (Al substrate)/2×BCD/GFN system is subjected to large‐area module testing using an industrial fan as the load, confirming its practical applications.
Expanding the molecular landscape of undifferentiated sarcomas of bone with a novel EWSR1‐SSX3 gene fusion
Authors: Fumagalli Caterina , Orellana Ruth , Ferré Malena , Gonzalez Allan , Catasús Lluis , Vázquez Tania , Sebio Ana , López‐Pousa Antonio , Llauger Jaume , Peiró Ana , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUndifferentiated sarcomas characterized by a primitive monomorphic round to spindle cell phenotype and often non‐specific immunoprofile remain difficult to subclassify outside molecular analysis. The increased application of RNA sequencing in clinical practice led to significant advances and discoveries of novel gene fusions that furthered our understanding and refined classification of otherwise undifferentiated neoplasms. In this study, we report an undifferentiated round to spindle cell sarcoma arising in the femur of a 34‐year‐old female. The round to spindle tumor cells were arranged in short fascicles, with focal rosette formation, within a hyalinized stroma. The tumor immunoprofile included diffuse reactivity for CD99, SATB2, and TLE1 and patchy positivity for Cyclin D1, Keratin AE1/AE3, synaptophysin, and chromogranin. Other markers, such as EMA, SMA, desmin, S100, ERG, and WT1, were negative. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis for EWSR1 gene alterations showed a break‐apart signal and targeted RNA sequencing revealed an EWSR1::SSX3 gene fusion. The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and subsequently relapsed in less than a year with lung metastasis. Larger series are needed to determine if this fusion defines a novel subset of undifferentiated tumors or represents a genomic variant of already existing primitive round cell sarcoma categories, such as Ewing sarcoma or synovial sarcoma.
Somatosensory omissions reveal action‐related predictive processing
Authors: Dercksen Tjerk T. , Widmann Andreas , Noesselt Tömme , Wetzel Nicole 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe intricate relation between action and somatosensory perception has been studied extensively in the past decades. Generally, a forward model is thought to predict the somatosensory consequences of an action. These models propose that when an action is reliably coupled to a tactile stimulus, unexpected absence of the stimulus should elicit prediction error. Although such omission responses have been demonstrated in the auditory modality, it remains unknown whether this mechanism generalizes across modalities. This study therefore aimed to record action‐induced somatosensory omission responses using EEG in humans. Self‐paced button presses were coupled to somatosensory stimuli in 88% of trials, allowing a prediction, or in 50% of trials, not allowing a prediction. In the 88% condition, stimulus omission resulted in a neural response consisting of multiple components, as revealed by temporal principal component analysis. The oN1 response suggests similar sensory sources as stimulus‐evoked activity, but an origin outside primary cortex. Subsequent oN2 and oP3 responses, as previously observed in the auditory domain, likely reflect modality‐unspecific higher order processes. Together, findings straightforwardly demonstrate somatosensory predictions during action and provide evidence for a partially amodal mechanism of prediction error generation.
Local government's roles in community health and wellbeing in Australia: Insights from Tasmania
Authors: Morgan Michelle J. , Stratford Elaine , Harpur Siobhan , Rowbotham Samantha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedLocal governments are well‐placed to respond to communities' health and wellbeing needs. However, in the Australian state of Tasmania, the sector's roles in that respect are unclear.MethodsWe interviewed 10 municipal personnel in Tasmania to understand their views on local governments' community health and wellbeing functions.ResultsParticipants had an integrative understanding of community health and wellbeing and recognised that collective effort from all tiers of government, community members, and other place‐based stakeholders would improve outcomes. They identified several roles local governments have to support and drive such improvements, including in relation to diverse place‐specific determinants of health and wellbeing. Capacity and capability to fulfil what is needed varied, with rural and remote councils generally less able than urban counterparts to respond consistently or comprehensively to community members' complex needs. However, in the presence of clear expectations and parameters, and appropriate support from other tiers of government, participants were eager for their councils to do more to improve their communities' health and wellbeing, including via a mandate in legislation.ConclusionLocal governments have the potential to do more to improve health and wellbeing outcomes in Tasmania, and the greatest gains could be made by addressing spatial inequalities faced by the sector. That insight is extensible to other comparable jurisdictions.So What?We argue the need both for a shared societal goal of equitable wellbeing supported by all tiers of government and for actions proportionate to the needs of council areas.