bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In silico analysis of SNPs and miRNAs of KCTD13, CSDE1, SLC6A1 genes associated with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Çoruh Kınalı Kübra , Özkan Oktay Ebru , Karahan Mesut 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is called changes in a single base sequence in DNA between individuals. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA molecules that control gene expression after transcription. Today, SNPs and miRNAs are associated with many diseases, and one of them is autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition identified by symptoms that reduce the quality of life such as stereotypical movements, lack of social interaction and communication skills, cognitive and language disorders. The objective of this study is to utilize in silico tools to predict the possible damaging impacts of SNPs (missense) in ASD-related KCTD13, CSDE1, and SLC6A1 genes that cause amino acid substitution on protein function, stability, structure, and miRNA target binding sites.

Methods
The SNPs and protein amino acid sequences were obtained from the NCBI dbSNP and UniProt databases. This data served as input for predictions, which were carried out using different computational tools like SIFT, PolyPhen-2, SNPs&GO, PROVEAN, MutationAssessor, PhD-SNP, PANTHER, SNAP-2, Meta-SNP, I-Mutant 2.0, MUpro, and Project HOPE. For miRNA analysis, the miRSNP and PolymiRTS tools were utilized. GeneMANIA and STRING were also employed to explore gene–gene and protein–protein interactions.

Results
A total of 16 variants in these three genes were estimated to be potentially harmful via in silico analysis. As a result of the miRSNP and PolymiRTS analyses, it was found that 407 miRNAs could affect the regulation of target genes through the identified SNP variations. Furthermore, the predictive impact of those SNPs on protein stabilization was examined and three-dimensional protein models were created.

Conclusion
This study revealed the potential effects of genetic variations on three genes associated with ASD. The findings suggest that computational analysis of miRNA and SNPs on these ASD-related genes could provide valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying ASD. In addition, it is suggested to investigate through experimental research whether the findings can be utilized as potential biomarkers for diagnosing and treating autism.
Right-sided superior vena cava draining into the left atrium in a patient with persistent left-sided superior vena cava emptying into the right atrium: a case report
Authors: Jamjoom Lamia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
A wide range of congenital and acquired abnormalities can impact the superior vena cava (SVC), with some remaining asymptomatic. The most common anomaly is the persistent left SVC draining into the coronary sinus or right atrium, while the right SVC draining into the left atrium is rarely found. These two conditions may coexist, which is an extremely rare phenomenon.

Case presentation
A 38-year-old man with a history of resected astrocytoma presented with seizures and cardiac arrest. Laboratory investigations revealed leukocytosis, hyperglycemia, severe acidosis, and elevated cardiac enzymes. Transthoracic echocardiogram was performed and was unremarkable. However, a bubble study was not performed at the time. Brain imaging confirmed a diagnosis of brain micro-abscesses/embolic infarctions, while cardiac computed tomography revealed a right-sided superior vena cava draining into the left atrium with a right-to-left shunt and a persistent left superior vena cava draining into the coronary sinus. Following the discovery of right-to-left shunt on cardiac CT, a transesophageal echocardiogram and a cardiac MRI were booked. However, the patient left against medical advice to go back to his home country and seek medical care there.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the coexistence of dual drainage of the superior vena cava, with the right SVC draining into the left atrium and the persistent left SVC draining into the right atrium, is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. The right-to-left shunt may result in significant cerebrovascular complications requiring surgical correction, while the persistent left SVC draining into the coronary sinus may require ablation if resulted in arrhythmias.
Performance characteristics of shell and tube heat exchanger using sectoral baffle
Authors: Adebayo Jacob Kolawole , Dare Ademola Adebukola , Petinrin Moses Omolayo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Shell and tube heat exchangers (STHX) play a vital role in a wide range of industrial processes and daily applications. The finite element method was used to solve continuity, momentum, energy, and k-ε turbulent equations that govern STHX. The simulation procedure (SP) was applied to STHX with a single segmental baffle (SB) and 90º, 120º, and 150º sectoral baffles (STB). The baffles were arranged along the tube at 0º, 60º, 120º, 180º, 240º, and 300º orientations. The SP was run at 323.15 and 278.15 K inlet temperatures for shell and tube, respectively, using water as shell-side fluid at a flow rate ranging from 0.5 to 2.50 kg/s. Velocities, temperatures, and pressure obtained from SP were used to evaluate the Relative Performance Index of all the STBs against SB as control. The numerical values of heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and pressure drops (PD) over the shell side along the length of STHX were compared with those obtained from Kern’s method, HTC of STBs was enhanced by 45%, 50%, 55%, 50%, 61%, and 50% with PD of 40%, 25%, 11%, 22%, − 21%, and 22% and performance evaluation coefficient (Q/ΔP) of 63%, 60%, 56%, 59%, 47%, and 59% with field synergy number of 41%, 47%, 53%, 46%, 59%, and 46% for STB90°, RSTB90°, STB120°, RSTB120°, STB150°, and RSTB150° respectively. From the analysis, it was evident that both the 90º and 120º sectoral baffles outperformed the SB, with the 90º sectoral baffle emerging as the most efficient configuration among all those evaluated. This study underscores the importance of baffle design in optimizing heat transfer performance in shell and tube heat exchangers.
Glycemia, Insulin Sensitivity, and Secretion Improve 3 Months Post-sleeve Gastrectomy in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Dobbs Tyler J , Cree Melanie G , Bailey Alex J , Baumgartner Amy D , Garrish Justin , Diniz-Behn Cecelia , Pyle Laura , Kelsey Megan M , Shah Amy S , Inge Thomas H , Bjornstad Petter , Nadeau Kristen J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Metabolic bariatric surgery reduces weight in youth with severe obesity; however, its impacts on youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) are unclear.

Objective
We evaluated short-term outcomes in youth with T2D 3 months after vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG).

Design
Longitudinal, observational study in the Impact of Metabolic surgery on Pancreatic, Renal, and cardiOVascular hEalth in youth with T2D study (IMPROVE-T2D).

Setting
Academic medical university and children's hospital.

Participants
Fourteen youth with T2D [mean age ± SD 16.8 ± 1.4 years; 50% female, pre-VSG hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 6.6 ± 0.2%; diabetes duration 17.6 ± 13.8 months; age at diabetes diagnosis 15.9 ± 1.4 years; body mass index (BMI) 46.7 ± 2 kg/m2].

Interventions
Participants underwent a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT), body composition, and indirect calorimetry before and 3 months after VSG.

Main Outcomes
Glycemic control (HbA1c, diabetes medications), insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index, Homeostasis Model of Insulin Sensitivity, oral minimal model), and secretion (C-peptide model).

Results
After VSG, weight and BMI decreased (25.2 ± 5.6 kg [19%], −8.7 ± 2 kg/m2 [18%], respectively, P &lt; .001). Body fat decreased (4.5%, P = .012), with reductions of 14.1 ± 5.4 kg of fat mass (P = .005) and 4.5 kg of fat-free mass (P = .034). HbA1c decreased from 6.6 ± 0.2% to 5.7 ± 0.2% (P = .003), with 86% of participants no longer requiring diabetes medications. Glucose was lower throughout the MMTT, with insulin, C-peptide, free fatty acids, glucagon-like peptide-1, and peptide-YY significantly changing postsurgery (P &lt; .05 for all). Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion rate during the MMTT significantly improved.

Conclusion
Three months post-VSG, youth showed significant improvements in weight, body composition, insulin sensitivity and secretion, and glycemic control, with most no longer requiring diabetes medications.
Vegetarian diet - how does it affect our body?
Authors: Tekiela Natalia , Papachristoforu Natalie , Michałka Daria , Gałuszka Zuzanna , Makar Monika , Bartuś Tomasz , Bąk Emilia , Głowacka Justyna , Aleksandra Kocjan  , Chmiel Radosław 
Published: January 2025

Introduction and Purpose of Research:
Vegetarianism, characterized by the exclusion of meat, poultry, fish, seafood, and their derivatives, has gained popularity as studies continue to highlight its positive impact on health. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the health and lifestyle impacts of vegetarian diets by examining both the benefits and potential risks.
Review Methods:
The review is grounded in findings from 40 recent studies sourced through a systematic search of open-access databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on literature published between 2000 and 2024.
Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge:
Vegetarian diets are associated with significant health benefits, including reduced risks of chronic diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, largely due to their high content of fiber, antioxidants, and healthy fats. Additionally, vegetarians tend to have lower BMI and improved cholesterol and blood pressure levels. However, unbalanced vegetarian diets may lead to deficiencies in essential nutrients such as protein, vitamin B12, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids, which can impact overall health.
Conclusion:
Properly planned vegetarian diets are healthy, nutritionally correct and can be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Careful selection of meal ingredients and adequate supplementation are key to maximising the benefits and counteracting the potential risks associated with such diets.
Double chiral resonances in a quasi-BIC metasurface with both strong circular dichroism and high quality factor
Authors: Cao Shichen , Sun Peiyu , Yu Jiachen , Wulan Qiqige , Xing Li , Liu Yue , Liu Zhijun 
Published: January 2025

Chiral metamaterials with high quality factor resonance present an attractive platform for manipulating light–matter interactions for both fundamental and applied explorations. As limited by the nonintuitive design paradigm, it is challenging to obtain multiple chiral resonances with strong circular dichroism in one metamaterial structure, which could be useful for sensing applications with unprecedented performance. In this work, we propose a dielectric metasurface, which exhibits two quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) with both high quality (Q) factor and strong circular dichroism. In our designed metasurface made of asymmetric silicon ellipse pairs, two quasi-BICs are excited at 50.48 and 51.82 THz. Their chiral resonant responses lead to circular dichroism values of −0.87 and 0.91 and Q factors of 3873 and 7196, respectively. The two chiral resonances exhibit high sensitivities of 17.87 and 9.14 THz/RIU and figures of merit (FOMs) of 1371 and 1269RIU−1 when they are used separately in refractive index sensing. For the case of using them jointly by tracking their frequency interval, a slightly smaller sensitivity of 8.73 THz/RIU is revealed in simulation. In addition, frequency shifts of the two chiral resonances are also suitable for distinguishing enantiomers in chiral sensing. These findings suggest that quasi-BIC-based metasurfaces offer a route to obtain multiple high-Q chiral resonant modes, which could boost the performance of metamaterial applications in sensing, light polarization control, spectroscopy, etc.
Comparative efficacy of robot-assisted therapy associated with other different interventions on upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: A protocol for a network meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Qian , Liu Zuoyan , Xu Yang , Liu Li , Wang Fang , Zhao Fanyu , Cheng Hong , Hu Xiuying 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Post-stroke movement disorders are common, especially upper limb dysfunction, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of stroke patients. With the continuous development of intelligent technology, robot-assisted therapy has become a research hotspot in the upper limb rehabilitation of stroke patients in recent years. Many scholars have also integrated robot-assisted therapy with other interventions to improve rehabilitation outcomes. However, there is a lack of research to determine which auxiliary intervention is the best. Therefore, this protocol aims to guide the development of a network meta-analysis, which helps determine the most suitable auxiliary interventions for robot-assisted therapy.

Methods and analysis
Published randomized controlled trials will be included if robot-assisted therapy or robot-assisted therapy associated with other different interventions was applied in stroke patients with upper limb dysfunction in the experimental group and usual rehabilitation treatment and care was applied in the control group. CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang electronic databases will be searched. Studies should be published between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2023. Two reviewers will independently select studies and extra data, and assess the quality of the included studies. The risk of bias will be evaluated based on the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. The evidence quality will be measured according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. A network meta-analysis will be conducted by using STATA version 15.0 and R version 4.1.3. The probabilities of rehabilitation interventions will be ranked according to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is not needed for reviewing published studies. The results will be submitted to a journal.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023486570.
CT scan-derived pectoralis muscle parameters are closely associated with COVID-19 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wen Zhang , Wang Tao , Luo Sha , Liu Yiwen 
Published: January 2025

Background
The relationships between pectoralis muscle parameters and outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain uncertain.

Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from 1 January 2019 to 1 May 2024 to identify non-overlapping studies evaluating pectoralis muscle-associated index on chest CT scan with clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients. Random-effects and fixed-effects meta-analyses were performed, and heterogeneity between studies was quantified using the I2 statistic. The risk of study bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Funnel plots for detecting small-study effects.

Results
A total of 9 studies with 4109 COVID-19 patients were included. The meta-analysis findings revealed a correlation between pectoralis muscle parameters and COVID-19 prognosis. Specifically, patients with higher pectoralis muscle density (PMD) exhibited a lower mortality risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92–0.99). The rate of intubation was lower in COVID-19 patients with a high pectoralis muscle index (PMI) (OR =  0.96, 95% CI: 0.92–1.00).

Conclusion
In summary, a low PMD is associated with a marginally elevated risk of mortality, whereas a decreased PMI represents a risk factor for intubation in COVID-19 patients. These findings suggest that pectoralis muscle parameters on chest CT may be a useful prognostic tool for COVID-19 patients.
Dapagliflozin inhibits ferroptosis to improve chronic heart failure by regulating Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Jing , Chen Xuefeng , Lv Shilin , Hao Qingqing 
Published: January 2025

Objective
To study the effect of Dapagliflozin on ferroptosis in rabbits with chronic heart failure and to reveal its possible mechanism.

Methods
Nine healthy adult male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into Sham group (only thorax opening was performed in Sham group, no ascending aorta circumferential ligation was performed), Heart failure group (HF group, ascending aorta circumferential ligation was performed in HF group to establish the animal model of heart failure), and Dapagliflozin group (DAPA group, after the rabbit chronic heart failure model was successfully made in DAPA group). Dapagliflozin was given by force-feeding method. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function, HE staining to evaluate pathological changes in the heart, Prussia blue staining to observe iron ions in myocardial tissue, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine serum levels of the inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at the end of week 12 and/or the end of week 16. The oxidative stress related indexes of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and superoxide dismutase (GSH-Px) in serum were quantitatively analyzed by colorimetry. Protein expression levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1(HO-1), glutathione peroxidase 4(Gpx4) were detected by Western blot.

Results
In animals with chronic heart failure, Dapagliflozin improved cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, degeneration and necrosis. Dapagliflozin increased serum GSH-Px and SOD levels and decreased IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MDA levels (P < 0.05) in a rabbit model of heart failure. Dapagliflozin also decreased cardiac iron ion levels and increased Nrf2, HO-1 and GPX4 protein expression.

Conclusion
Dapagliflozin can improve heart failure by inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway.
Association between chiropractic spinal manipulation for sciatica and opioid-related adverse events: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Trager Robert J. , Cupler Zachary A. , Srinivasan Roshini , Harper Elleson G. , Perez Jaime A. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Patients receiving chiropractic spinal manipulation (CSM) for spinal pain are less likely to be prescribed opioids, and some evidence suggests that these patients have a lower risk of any type of adverse drug event. We hypothesize that adults receiving CSM for sciatica will have a reduced risk of opioid-related adverse drug events (ORADEs) over a one-year follow-up compared to matched controls not receiving CSM.

Methods
We searched a United States (US) claims-based data resource (Diamond Network, TriNetX, Inc.) of more than 216 million patients, yielding data ranging from 2009 to 2024. We included patients aged ≥18 years with sciatica, excluding those post-spine surgery, prior anesthesia, serious pathology, high risk of ORADEs, and an ORADE ≤ 1-year prior. Patients were divided into two cohorts: (1) CSM and (2) usual medical care. We used propensity score matching to control for confounding variables associated with ORADEs. Comparative outcomes were analyzed by calculating risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of ORADEs and oral opioid prescription between cohorts.

Results
372,471 patients per cohort remained after matching. The incidence of ORADEs over 1-year follow-up was less in the CSM cohort compared to the usual medical care cohort (CSM: 0.09%; usual medical care: 0.30%), yielding an RR of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.25–0.32; P < .00001). CSM patients had a lower risk of receiving an oral opioid prescription (RR of 0.68 [95% CI: 0.68–0.69; P < .00001]).

Conclusions
This study found that adults with sciatica who initially received CSM had a lower risk of an ORADE compared to matched controls not initially receiving CSM, likely explained by a lower probability of opioid prescription. These findings corroborate existing practice guidelines which recommend adding CSM to the management of sciatica when appropriately indicated.
Translation and cultural adaption of MacLeod Clark professional identity scale among Chinese therapy students
Authors: Shu Xiaoyi , Feng Chun , Ip Chak-Lam , Zhang Xin , Yang Nan , Li Shibo , Han Jia , Wu Weibing , Knight Alec 
Published: January 2025

Background
Fostering a strong professional identity (PI) enhances career fulfillment. In China, therapy education is undergoing development, integrating both Western and traditional health concepts, causing inconsistent PI among therapy students. To date, no validated tools exist to measure and monitor PI of Chinese therapy students. This study aimed to translate and validate the 9-item MacLeod Clark Professional Identity Scale (MCPIS-9) for this purpose.

Design
This study involved translation and cultural adaptation of the MCPIS-9, followed by a rigorous assessment of its model fit and psychometric properties using data collected via an online questionnaire.

Methods
A forward- and backward- translation process was conducted. Content validity was evaluated using item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and scale level content validity index average method (S-CVI/Ave). Therapy students across all grades at undergraduate and postgraduate levels in China were eligible. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) examined the underlying factor structure. Model fit was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) and Root Mean Square of Error of Approximation (RMSEA). Convergent validity was assessed through Pearson’s correlations coefficient (r) with the Professional Identity Scale for Health Students and Professionals (PISHSP). Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach’s Alpha (Cα) and McDonald’s Omega (ω).

Results
A total of 1054 students participated. Content validity was excellent (I-CVI = 0.86–1.0, S-CVI/Ave = 0.98). EFA indicated a two-factor structure with acceptable model fit (CFI = 0.978; TLI = 0.968; SRMR = 0.033; RMSEA = 0.063). Reliability was strong (Cα = 0.835; ω = 0.817). Convergent validity demonstrated a strong correlation (r = 0.75) with the PISHSP.

Conclusions
The Chinese MCPIS-9 is a reliable and valid tool for assessing PI among therapy students. Future research could focus on refining item 4 of this tool, potentially through further exploration of therapy students’ perceptions of PI within the unique context of the Chinese healthcare system.