bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conocimiento y uso medicinal del Árbol de Ramón (Brosimum alicastrum sw.) En la comunidad de Becal, Calkiní, Campeche, México
Authors: Chan Jesus Antonio Herrera , Keb Carlos Armando Chan , Naal Edrai de Jesus Ascencio , Canché Baldemar Aké , Agraz-Hernández Claudia Maricuza , Balán Román Alberto Pérez , Alcántara Eduardo Jahir Gutiérrez , Gutiérrez Tomas Joel López 
Published: February 2024

La fitoterapia es una práctica en la que se emplea el uso de plantas medicinales con fines curativos, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) refiere el concepto de fitoterapia, como una ciencia encargada del estudio de productos vegetales para su posterior utilización en la terapia de estados patológicos. Brosimum alicastrum Swarts (ábolrbol de Ramón) se considera históricamente, como un árbol con muchos beneficios, como para la elaboración de medicamentos y bebidas a partir de distintas partes del árbol, debido a que sus características fitoquímicas, sin embargo, al realizarse una encuesta (n= 81) en la comunidad de Bécal, ubicada en el estado de Campeche, al sureste de México, que tiene una población de aproximadamente 6801 según datos del INEGI, 2022., se observó que el 67 % de mujeres y el 31 % de los hombres desconocen si B. alicastrum tiene un uso medicinal, esto debido a que el mayor porcentaje de participación se encuentra en el rango de edad de 15 a 24 años. Destaca la presencia de un interés considerable, especialmente entre la población joven, en la importancia de este árbol, lo que sugiere la posibilidad de preservar y revitalizar el conocimiento sobre sus propiedades terapéuticas y tradicionales. Sin embargo, se evidencia una brecha de conocimiento significativa, particularmente entre las generaciones actuales, en lo que respecta a las propiedades medicinales y otros usos potenciales de esta planta. Además, el estudio revela que la recolección de forraje es el principal uso del Árbol del Ramón en la comunidad, lo que indica que las consideraciones económicas desempeñan un papel importante en la relación de la comunidad con esta planta. Esto abre oportunidades para desarrollar proyectos sostenibles que aprovechen el valor económico de esta especie, al mismo tiempo que se promueve su conservación y un uso respetuoso de sus recursos. En conjunto, estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de preservar y promover el conocimiento sobre el Brosimum alicastrum en Becal, beneficiando tanto a la comunidad como a la conservación de este recurso valioso.
Challenges and technical aspects in the management of muscle invasive bladder cancer as retrograde radical cystectomy with ileal conduit
Authors: Nadeem Bin Nusrat  , Assad Ur Rehman  , Nauman Zafar  , Shujah Muhammad  , Sarmad Imtiaz Bajwa  , Imtiaz Saira 
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate long-term outcomes in patients homogenously treated with radical cystectomy and ileal conduit for muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Method: The retrospective study was conducted at the Urology Department of Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centerm, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised data from December 25, 2017, to January 16, 2023, related to patients who underwent radical cystectomy with ileal conduit with or without neo-adjuvant and adjuvant radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy for papillary urothelial carcinom of the bladder. Clinical trajectory, histopathological characteristics and long-term clinical outcomes were noted. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.
Results: In our study of 40 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer, males predominated (32, 80%), with a median age of 57.4 years (IQR: 29-80). Diagnosis was early in 5 patients (12.5%) with varying hematuria durations, while 34 patients (85%) had a smoking history. Comorbidities included hypertension in 17 patients (42.5%), diabetes in 1 patient (2.5%), both hypertension and diabetes in 9 patients (22.5%), and a combination of hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease in 3 patients (7.5%). Transurethral resection was performed once in 13 patients (32.5%) and multiple times in 27 patients (67.5%). Additionally, 5 patients (12.5%) received immunotherapy, 11 patients (27.5%) underwent non-adjuvant radiation, and 14 patients (35%) received non-adjuvant chemotherapy. Papillary urothelial carcinoma was the predominant histological subtype among 37 (92.5%) patients. Patients receiving chemotherapy had significantly better overall survival (p=0.02).No significant differences were noted in recurrence or survival by therapy modality (p>0.05). These findings highlight the significance of early diagnosis, tailored treatments, and comorbidity management in muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. Age stratification revealed significant survival differences across groups (X² = 10.923, df = 3, p = 0.012). Analysis by complications did not show age-related survival variations (X² = 3.978, df = 3, p = 0.264).
Conclusion: Achieving excellent long-term survival in MIBC patients requires a multidisciplinary approach, emphasizing early diagnosis, tailored treatment, and adherence to guidelines and protocols.
Key Words: Radical cystectomy, Ileal conduit, Management, Muscle invasive bladder cancer, Papillary urothelial carcinoma.
The Impact of the Civil Rights Movement on Educational Segregation in the United States
Authors: Muturi Bonface 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: the aim of the study was to investigate the impact of the civil rights movement on educational segregation in the united states
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The findings reveal three notable research gaps. Firstly, while the analysis provides a comprehensive view of the Civil Rights Movement's objectives and impact on educational segregation, a conceptual gap exists in the lack of in-depth exploration into the precise mechanisms through which the movement's strategies translated into concrete changes within educational policies and practices, necessitating a more nuanced understanding of these linkages. Secondly, a contextual gap emerges as the study outlines distinct Civil Rights Movements and their implications for educational segregation, yet lacks an investigation into the interplay between these movements and the broader socio-political context that shaped their strategies and outcomes.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social identity theory and critical race theory may be use to anchor future studies on the impact of the civil rights movement on educational segregation in the united states. Promote culturally relevant teaching practices that acknowledge and incorporate diverse cultural perspectives into the curriculum. Diversity in School Governance: Encourage policies that promote diverse representation in school boards, administrative leadership, and decision-making bodies.
Evaluation of Heat Tolerance in Foliar Tissue
ofAcerGenotypes
Authors: Percival Glynn C. , Percival Christopher D. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Extreme summer heat events in which temperatures exceed 40 °C are
expected to increase in duration and intensity worldwide. Consequently,
selecting heat-tolerant trees for future predicted climatic conditions
will be one of the significant challenges for urban landscape
managers.

Method
The effect of heat stress (44 °C for 4 hours) on chlorophyll
variable:maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) ratios and Soil Plant Analysis
Development (SPAD) values as measures of damage to the leaf
photosynthetic system and leaf chlorophyll content was quantified in
8Acergenotypes (Acer
pseudoplatanus‘Negenia’,A.
pseudoplatanus‘Spaethii’,A.
platanoides‘Royal Red’,A.
platanoides‘Princeton Gold’,A.
platanoides‘Emerald Queen’,A.
platanoides‘Drummondii’,A.
campestre,A.
campestre‘Louisa Red Shine’).

Results
Fv/Fm ratios proved to be a sensitive indicator of heat damage and
positively identified marked differences in tolerance to and recovery
from heat damage between the 8Acergenotypes.
Estimated leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) was not sufficiently sensitive
to distinguish differences in tolerance and recovery between
genotypes.

Conclusions
Chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm ratios, but not estimated leaf
chlorophyll content (SPAD), offers a rapid screening technique for
assessing the tolerance to and recovery from heat stress in leaf tissue
of trees.
Forecasting Tree Root Architecture as a Complement to Proactive Urban
Green Space Design
Authors: Miron Justin , Millward Andrew A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Stewarding newly planted urban trees to maturity involves
consideration of above- and belowground factors. While landscape
architects and urban planners often focus on aboveground tree aspects,
understanding root structure and function is crucial, especially in
urban areas with limited underground space and diverse soil conditions.
To address the importance and challenges of belowground planning for
urban tree roots, we propose a protocol for site assessment and
demonstrate root growth forecasting as a complement to existing urban
planning approaches.

Methods
This paper describes adaptations to a plant root architecture
simulator, RootBox, and its subsequent application in 4 scenarios
created to assess its efficacy as a complement to the phase of urban
planning that prescribes vegetation type and planting location in the
context of a myriad of other site considerations. RootBox was
parameterized based on observed conformity of root growth simulations to
generalized tree root architecture reported in the literature.

Results
Root growth forecasts for each scenario illustrate that plausible
urban tree root system architectures—specifically, commonly observed
root growth habits—can be produced by
RootBox.In-situroot detection (e.g., with
an air spade or hydro-vac) at predetermined time intervals can provide
model validation and the opportunity to backward reconfigure RootBox
parameters for forecast accuracy.

Conclusion
The adapted RootBox is a flexible, proof-of-concept solution for
predicting urban tree root architecture, considering the site and soil
conditions pre-established in the planning process. When used with other
relevant tools, RootBox can offer valuable insights during the design or
rejuvenation of urban spaces.
Seguimiento de graduados
Authors: Andrade–Alcívar Luis , Torres-Navarrete Alexandra , Dahik Cecilia , Bustamante-Piguave Francisco 
Published: February 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer como el seguimiento a graduados se constituye en ese vínculo entre las universidades y la sociedad. Para ello se encuesto 73 graduados de las carreras de Comunicación Social Hotelería y Turismo de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo – Extensión Quevedo, los cuales respondieron un cuestionario estructurado. Los resultados muestran que 57 de ellos son mujeres y 16 son hombres. El 73% y 68% de las carreras de C.S y H&T provienen de las Provincia de Los Ríos. El promedio de notas obtenido es de 46.81% que califican como satisfactorio. En cuanto al dominio del habla inglés el 73% de ambas carreras tienen un nivel Medio. El 46% manifiesta estar satisfecho en cuanto a las competencias generales adquiridas. Igualmente, el 97% manifiestan estar satisfecho con el cuerpo docente y en relación con los servicios brindados el 80% dice estar muy satisfecho. El 90% no está laborando, y los que lo hacen el 57% es en empresa privada, realizando labores no relacionadas con su carrera en un 42%. El 69,86% dicen estar interesados en cursar maestrías. El 93,15% también indico que el proceso de vinculación cumple con sus expectativas; y el 89,04% coinciden que las prácticas pre-profesionales contribuyen a la posterior inserción laboral. Se concluye que los estudios de seguimiento a graduados es una herramienta fundamental para conocer de primera fuente, las necesidades y requisitos que demanda el mercado laboral como ente vinculante entre la sociedad y la universidad.
A Cultural History of Insects In The Age Of Industry
Authors: Anelli Carol M. , Fisher Susan W. 
Published: February 2024

A CULTURAL HISTORY OF INSECTS IN THE AGE OF INDUSTRY
A Cultural History of Insects in the Age of Industry covers the period from 1820 to 1920, a time of great technological innovation and intensified trade. As urban populations spread so did pollution, squalor, and disease – and so did education and scientific knowledge. The expeditions of nineteenth century naturalists such as Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace fed the natural history collections of museums. At the same time, with the formation of new scientific groups and societies, professional entomology emerged as a specific branch of science. Knowledge of insect diversity accelerated whilst the increasing demands on agricultural production foregrounded the work of entomologists on pest control.
The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Insects presents the first comprehensive history from antiquity to today of all forms and aspects of human-insect interaction. The themes covered in each volume are insect knowledge; insects and disease; insects and food; insect products; insects in mythology and religion; insects as symbols; insects in literature and language; and insects in art.
The Cultural Histories Series
A Cultural History of Insects is part of The Cultural Histories Series. Titles are available as hardcover sets for libraries needing just one subject or preferring a tangible reference for their shelves or as part of a fully-searchable digital library. The digital product is available to institutions by annual subscription or on perpetual access via www.bloomsburyculturalhistory.com. Individual volumes for academics and researchers interested in specific historical periods are also available in print or digitally via www.bloomsburycollections.com.
Carol Anelli is Professor and Susan Fisher is Professor Emerita, both in the Dept of Entomology at The Ohio State University, USA.
Volume 5 in the Cultural History of Insects set.
General Editor: Gene Kritsky is Dean of Behavioral and Natural Sciences at Mount St. Joseph University, USA.
Food and Drink in American History
Authors: Smith Andrew F. 
Published: February 2024

This three-volume encyclopedia on the history of American food and beverages serves as an ideal companion resource for social studies and American history courses, covering topics ranging from early American Indian foods to mandatory nutrition information at fast food restaurants.
The expression “you are what you eat” certainly applies to Americans, not just in terms of our physical health, but also in the myriad ways that our taste preferences, eating habits, and food culture are intrinsically tied to our society and history. This standout reference work comprises two volumes containing more than 600 alphabetically arranged historical entries on American foods and beverages, as well as dozens of historical recipes for traditional American foods; and a third volume of more than 120 primary source documents. Never before has there been a reference work that coalesces this diverse range of information into a single set.
The entries in this set provide information that will transform any American history research project into an engaging learning experience. Examples include explanations of how tuna fish became a staple food product for Americans, how the canning industry emerged from the Civil War, the difference between Americans and people of other countries in terms of what percentage of their income is spent on food and beverages, and how taxation on beverages like tea, rum, and whisky set off important political rebellions in U.S. history.
Food in America
Authors: Smith Andrew F. 
Published: February 2024

This three-volume work examines all facets of the modern U.S. food system, including the nation’s most important food and agriculture laws, the political forces that shape modern food policy, and the food production trends that are directly impacting the lives of every American family.
• Examines a breadth of contemporary food controversies and offers diverse viewpoints on them, placing these perspectives fairly into a broader historical context
• Presents a multidisciplinary approach to the subject of food that highlights related issues in transportation, business, diet and nutrition, public health, the environment, and public policy
• Includes primary documents that illuminate important laws, policies, and perspectives on the environmental, public health, and economic impact of food
• Provides readers with the latest information about food controversies as well as extensive resources for further study on major food controversies
Food, Feasts, and Faith
Authors: Fieldhouse Paul 
Published: February 2024

An indispensable resource for exploring food and faith, this two-volume set offers information on food-related religious beliefs, customs, and practices from around the world.
Why do Catholics eat fish on Fridays? Why are there retirement homes for aged cows in India? What culture holds ceremonies to welcome the first salmon? More than five billion people worldwide claim a religious identity that shapes the way they think about themselves, how they act, and what they eat. Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions explores how the food we eat every day often serves purposes other than to keep us healthy and stay alive: we eat to express our faith and to adhere to ethnic or cultural traditions that are part of who we are.
This book provides readers with an understanding of the rich world of food and faith. It contains more than 200 alphabetically arranged entries that describe the beliefs and customs of well-established major world religions and sects as well as those of smaller faith communities and new religious movements. The entries cover topics such as religious food rules, religious festivals and symbolic foods, and vegetarianism and veganism, as well as general themes such as rites of passage, social justice, hospitality, and compassion.
Each entry on religion explains what the religious dietary laws and guidelines are and how these were interpreted and put into practice historically and in modern settings. The coverage also includes important festivals and feast days as well as significant religious figures and organizations. Additionally, some 160 sidebars provide examples and more detailed information as well as fun facts.
Food Culture in Great Britain
Authors: Mason Laura 
Published: February 2024

Students, Anglophiles, and literature hounds will want to delve into this delightful survey of foodways of a culture both ancient and cutting edge. Only in recent years have modern kitchen conveniences become taken for granted all over Britain. British cooking has also made tremendous strides lately, and the changes in shopping and food options, preparation, restaurant-going, and diet are detailed. The cooking traditions and classic dishes for which Britain is known are described as well, as they still help to define the people.
Commercialization and globalization are shown to characterize British foodways today. For instance, Britain's regionalism is eroding. Health and environmental issues such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy have come to the fore. Television cook shows are all the rage. Women working outside the home and the increase in single-parent households fuel the demand for quick and pre-prepared meals. The trends are well supported by statistics. A timeline, glossary, and resource guide enhance the narrative.
Food Culture in India
Authors: Sen Colleen Taylor 
Published: February 2024

The extreme diversity of Indian food culture–including the dizzying array of ingredients and dishes–is made manageable in this groundbreaking reference. India has no national dish or cuisine; however, certain ingredients, dishes, and cooking styles are typical of much of the subcontinent's foodways. There are also common ways of thinking about food. The balanced coverage found herein covers many states ignored by previous food writers. Students will find much of cultural interest here to complement country studies and foodies will discover fresh perspectives.
From prehistoric times there has been considerable mixing of cultures and cuisines within India. Today, the endless variations in cuisine reflect religious, community, regional, and economic differences and histories. Sen, a noted author on Indian cuisine, consummately encapsulates the foodways in historical context, including the influence of the British period (the Raj). Among the topics covered are the restrictions of various religions and castes and the northern wheat-based vs. the southern rice-based cuisine, with an extensive review of each regional cuisine with typical meals. She characterizes the only-recent restaurant culture, with mention of Indian fare offered abroad. In addition, the Indian sweet tooth so apparent in the dishes made for many festivals and celebrations is highlighted. The roles of diet and health are also explained, with an emphasis on Ayruveda, which is gaining support in Western countries. A plethora of recipes for different regions and occasions complements the text.
Food Culture in Italy
Authors: Parasecoli Fabio 
Published: February 2024

There is keen interest in the exquisite yet simple Italian cuisine and Italian culture. This volume provides an intimate look at how Italians cook, eat, and think about food today. It describes the cornucopia of foodstuffs and classic ingredients. An overview of the typical daily routine of meals and snacks gives a good feel for the everyday life. The changing roles of women are explored with a discussion of the inroads that convenience foods are making. In addition, the current concerns about the food supply, the benefits of the Mediterranean diet, and the slow food movement are tied in to the debates on these issues in the United States.
Food is one of the main reasons why many Americans travel to Italy. Yet, the fascination with Italian cuisine is not all about health or taste. There is much more to it. Italian food is perceived and portrayed in the media as representing a whole lifestyle: Italians live la dolce vita, leisurely eating and drinking with friends and families, families are still important, and communities are close knit. The reality of Italian society is more complex, and this volume offers a balanced view of Italian culture and identity through its foodways.
Food Culture in Japan
Authors: Ashkenazi Michael , Jacob Jeanne 
Published: February 2024

Americans are familiarizing themselves with Japanese food, thanks especially sushi's wild popularity and ready availability. This timely book satisfies the new interest and taste for Japanese food, providing a host of knowledge on the foodstuffs, cooking styles, utensils, aesthetics, meals, etiquette, nutrition, and much more. Students and general readers are offered a holistic framing of the food in historical and cultural contexts. Recipes for both the novice and sophisticated cook complement the narrative.
Japan's unique attitude toward food extends from the religious to the seasonal. This book offers a contextual framework for the Japanese food culture and relates Japan's history and geography to food. An exhaustive description of ingredients, beverages, sweets, and food sources is a boon to anyone exploring Japanese cuisine in the kitchen. The Japanese style of cooking, typical meals, holiday fare, and rituals–so different from Americans'–are engagingly presented and accessible to a wide audience. A timeline, glossary, resource guide, and illustrations make this a one-stop reference for Japanese food culture.