bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphisms in vitamin E transport genes as determinants for risk of equine neuroaxonal dystrophy
Authors: Ma Yunzhuo , Peng Sichong , Donnelly Callum G. , Ghosh Sharmila , Miller Andrew D. , Woolard Kevin , Finno Carrie J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundEquine neuroaxonal dystrophy/equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (eNAD/EDM) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder associated with vitamin E deficiency. In humans, polymorphisms in genes involved in vitamin E uptake and distribution determines individual vitamin E requirements.Hypothesis/ObjectivesGenetic polymorphisms in genes involved in vitamin E metabolism would be associated with an increased risk of eNAD/EDM in Quarter Horses (QHs).AnimalsWhole‐genome sequencing: eNAD/EDM affected (n = 9, postmortem [PM]‐confirmed) and control (n = 32) QHs. Validation: eNAD/EDM affected (n = 39, 23‐PM confirmed) and control (n = 68, 7‐PM confirmed) QHs. Allele frequency (AF): Publicly available data from 504 horses across 47 breeds.MethodsRetrospective, case control study. Whole‐genome sequencing was performed and genetic variants identified within 28 vitamin E candidate genes. These variants were subsequently genotyped in the validation cohort.ResultsThirty‐nine confirmed variants in 15 vitamin E candidate genes were significantly associated with eNAD/EDM (P < .01). In the validation cohort, 2 intronic CD36 variants (chr4:726485 and chr4:731082) were significantly associated with eNAD/EDM in clinical (P = 2.78 × 10−4 and P = 4 × 10−4, respectively) and PM‐confirmed cases (P = 6.32 × 10−6 and 1.04 × 10−5, respectively). Despite the significant association, variant AFs were low in the postmortem‐confirmed eNAD/EDM cases (0.22‐0.26). In publicly available equine genomes, AFs ranged from 0.06 to 0.1.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceMany PM‐confirmed cases of eNAD/EDM were wild‐type for the 2 intronic CD36 SNPs, suggesting either a false positive association or genetic heterogeneity of eNAD/EDM within the QH breed.
Prenatal vitamin B12 status and cognitive functioning in children at 4 years of age: The ECLIPSES Study
Authors: Cruz‐Rodríguez Josué , Canals‐Sans Josefa , Hernández‐Martínez Carmen , Voltas‐Moreso Núria , Arija Victoria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMaternal vitamin B12 deficiency has been associated with disturbed cognitive functioning in offspring at different ages during childhood. However, this association has not been explored in pre‐school‐age children. The objective of this study was to examine the association between maternal vitamin B12 levels at the beginning and end of pregnancy and cognitive functioning in their children at 4 years of age. This longitudinal prospective study included a subsample of pregnant women and their children aged 4 years (n = 249) who participated in the ECLIPSES Study conducted in the province of Tarragona, Spain, from 2013 to 2017. Maternal vitamin B12 concentrations were determined in the first and third trimesters, and sociodemographic, nutritional and psychological data were collected. The children's cognitive functioning was assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI‐IV) and subtests of the Neuropsychological Assessment of Development (NEPSY‐II). The multivariable models showed a significant relationship between vitamin B12 and the working memory index in the first trimester of the pregnancy but not in the third trimester. Children of mothers in the second vitamin B12 level tertile (314–413 pg/mL) (β = 6.468, 95% confidence interval [CI]: = 2.054, 10.882, p = 0.004) and third vitamin B12 level tertile (≥414 pg/mL) (β = 4.703, 95% CI: = 0.292, 9.114, p = 0.037) scored higher in the working memory index of the WPPSI‐IV than the children of mothers with vitamin B12 levels in the first tertile (<314 pg/mL). Maintaining an adequate level of maternal vitamin B12 during early pregnancy contributes to improved performance in childhood working memory at 4 years of age.
Nocebo effects and influencing factors in the randomized clinical trials of chronic constipation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Jingze , Guo Jinlu , Yang Xin , Chen Jie , Bai Tao , Liu Shi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundNocebo effects are unavoidable in randomized clinical trials. We aimed to assess the magnitude of nocebo effects and explore the influencing factors in chronic constipation.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to July 2022.Randomized, placebo‐controlled trials investigating interventions in chronic constipation were included. We conducted a random effects meta‐analysis of the proportion of adverse events (AEs) in placebo‐treated participants and evaluated the effect of trial characteristics on nocebo effects.Key ResultsWe identified 20,204 studies from the databases, of which 61 were included in the final analysis. The pooled placebo AE rate was 30.41%, and AE‐related withdrawal rate was 1.53%. The most commonly reported AEs were headache (5.67%), diarrhea (4.45%), abdominal pain (3.98%), nasopharyngitis (3.39%), nausea (3.36%), and flatulence (2.95%). The placebo AE rate was lower in trials conducted in Asia compared to those in Europe, North America, and international trials. It was also lower in trials diagnosed by Rome III compared to clinician's opinion and Rome II. Additionally, the placebo AE rate was lower in single‐center trials compared to multicenter trials, lower in 5–8 weeks therapy compared to 9–12 weeks therapy, lower in participants with FC compared to those with IBS‐C and CC, lower in trials with 2 arms compared to 3 arms, and higher in trials with prokinetic drugs compared to secretagogues and laxatives.Conclusions & InferencesThe placebo AE rate was 30.41% in patients with chronic constipation. Based on our findings, we recommend that researchers take the nocebo effects into consideration when designing and conducting clinical trials and adopt specific measures to mitigate the negative influence of nocebo effects.
Natural variation in Fatty Acid 9 is a determinant of fatty acid and protein content
Authors: Qi Zhaoming , Guo Chaocheng , Li Haiyang , Qiu Hongmei , Li Hui , Jong CholNam , Yu Guolong , Zhang Yu , Hu Limin , Wu Xiaoxia , Xin Dawei , Yang Mingliang , Liu Chunyan , Lv Jian , Wang Xu , Kong Fanjiang , Chen Qingshan 
Published: November 2023

SummarySoybean is one of the most economically important crops worldwide and an important source of unsaturated fatty acids and protein for the human diet. Consumer demand for healthy fats and oils is increasing, and the global demand for vegetable oil is expected to double by 2050. Identification of key genes that regulate seed fatty acid content can facilitate molecular breeding of high‐quality soybean varieties with enhanced fatty acid profiles. Here, we analysed the genetic architecture underlying variations in soybean seed fatty acid content using 547 accessions, including mainly landraces and cultivars from northeastern China. Through fatty acid profiling, genome re‐sequencing, population genomics analyses, and GWAS, we identified a SEIPIN homologue at the FA9 locus as an important contributor to seed fatty acid content. Transgenic and multiomics analyses confirmed that FA9 was a key regulator of seed fatty acid content with pleiotropic effects on seed protein and seed size. We identified two major FA9 haplotypes in 1295 resequenced soybean accessions and assessed their phenotypic effects in a field planting of 424 accessions. Soybean accessions carrying FA9H2 had significantly higher total fatty acid contents and lower protein contents than those carrying FA9H1. FA9H2 was absent in wild soybeans but present in 13% of landraces and 26% of cultivars, suggesting that it may have been selected during soybean post‐domestication improvement. FA9 therefore represents a useful genetic resource for molecular breeding of high‐quality soybean varieties with specific seed storage profiles.
Cutaneous ulceration in juvenile dermatomyositis with anti‐melanoma differentiation‐associated gene 5
Authors: Huang Bingxue , Huang Wenyan , Hao Sheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis report presents the case of an 11‐year‐old girl with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), anti‐MDA5 antibodies and multiple skin ulcers. Treatment with traditional immunomodulators and tofacitinib resulted in healing of the skin ulcers and normalization of muscle enzyme markers. This case highlights the significance of recognizing the association between anti‐MDA5 antibodies and cutaneous ulceration in JDM and supports the use of Janus kinase inhibitors as a management option.
The association between couples' education and gender gap in unpaid care work in India
Authors: Tripathi Saumya , Zhai Fuhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis cross‐sectional study utilizes data from the 2019 India Time‐Use Survey to examine the relationship between education and the gender gap in unpaid care work among married couples in India. Results from the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression demonstrate a paradox where more educated or equally educated wives tend to spend more time on unpaid care work compared to their husbands. Women from marginalized backgrounds face a heightened burden of unpaid uare work, while employment status emerges as an important factor that reduces the gender divide in unpaid care work. The Karlson, Holm, and Breen (KHB) decomposition analysis reveals that employment and other personal and household factors account for 22.86% and 43.15% of the total effect on time spent on unpaid care work for wives who have the same as or higher level of education than their husbands, respectively. These findings bring to light the continued issue of gender inequality in India and emphasize the need for reforms in care work and the labor market.
Interpreting prospective teachers' responses to inequities in a written vignette: A plan for action
Authors: Jackson Christa , Buchheister Kelley Woolford , Taylor Cynthia E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo develop an equity‐centered orientation in teacher education programs, it is essential teacher educators recognize what prospective teachers attend to in classroom events and how they relate these events to mathematics instruction. In this study, we conceptualize the Equity Noticing Framework and use it as an analytic tool to examine what prospective teachers notice in a classroom vignette focused on cultural and racial biases. The Equity Noticing Framework focuses on understanding what prospective teachers recognize—or overlook—as bias, oppression, and privilege that permeate educational systems, analyze those events that contribute to inequities, and support prospective teachers in becoming change agents who implement strategies that can eradicate systemic barriers. The results from this study reinforce the importance of devoting time to supporting prospective teachers to become more cognizant of their own beliefs about equity and equitable mathematical practices and providing opportunities to analyze these beliefs through research‐proven attitudes and practices.
Links all of whose cyclic‐branched covers are L‐spaces
Authors: Issa Ahmad , Turner Hannah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe show that for the pretzel knots , the ‐fold cyclic‐branched covers are L‐spaces for all . In addition, we show that the knots with are quasi‐positive and slice, answering a question of Boileau–Boyer–Gordon. We also extend results of Teragaito giving examples of two‐bridge knots with all L‐space cyclic‐branched covers to a family of two‐bridge links.
A Functional Perspective on the Emergence of Dominant Designs
Authors: Robinson Myles , Taube-Adams Bailey , Kang Samantha , Dong Andy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Models of long-term product innovation depict the trajectory of products through an evolutionary selection metaphor in which product designs converge toward a dominant design. The product innovation literature favors trajectory descriptions based on the physical architecture of products while neglecting to account for the functional architecture. This paper offers a new way to explain the life cycle of product innovation by identifying motifs that describe a product’s functions. Functional motifs are recurrent function blocks across multiple generations of designs for a product. A collection of functional motifs defines the functional architecture of the product. Using some key examples from innovations in sewing machines, the paper illustrates the occurrence of motifs as the basis for detecting the emergence of a dominant design. Patents related to the sewing machine over 177 years are analyzed to identify functional motifs characterizing the evolution and convergence toward a dominant design. Results show that motifs do not change over long periods once a dominant design emerges, even though components continue to change. This observation confirms a view of dominant designs as a technological frame but refutes the notion that design no longer matters in the era of incremental change. These motifs refine our understanding of how designs evolve along a particular path over the course of product innovation.
Improved Physical Health in Middle-Older Aged Golf Caddies Following 24 Weeks of High-Volume Physical Activity
Authors: Sorbie Graeme G. , Williams Ashley K. , Carter Sophie E. , Campbell Amy K. , Glen Jonathan , Lavallee David , Sculthorpe Nicholas , Murray Andrew , Beaumont Alexander J. 
Published: November 2023

Background: The physical demands of golf caddying, including walking while carrying a golf bag, may potentially affect body composition, and markers of metabolic, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal health. Therefore, this study examined the impact of 24 weeks of caddying on physical health in middle-older aged males. Methods: Eleven full-time experienced male caddies (age: 59 [8] y; caddying experience: 14 [12] y) were recruited from a local golf course. The following were assessed at preseason and after 24 weeks of caddying (March–September 2022): body composition, heart rate, blood pressure, blood lipids, and performance tests (static and dynamic balance, strength, and submaximal fitness). Physical activity (PA) levels were assessed at preseason and at the mid-point of the caddying season. Across the caddying season, participants completed a monthly average of 24.0 (3.8) rounds. Results: Following the caddying season, improvements in static balance (Δ = 13.5 s), dynamic balance (Δ = −1.8 s), and lower back absolute strength (Δ = 112.8 N), and muscle quality (Δ = 2.0 N·kg−1) were observed (all P < .05). Additionally, blood lipids, including total cholesterol (Δ = −0.6 mmol·L−1), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Δ = 0.1 mmol·L−1), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Δ = −0.6 mmol·L−1) (all P < .05), and body composition, including body mass (Δ = −2.7 kg), fat mass (Δ = −1.9 kg), fat percentage (Δ = −1.4%), fat-to-muscle ratio (Δ = −0.03), and body mass index (Δ = −0.9 kg·m−2) (all P < .05) improved. Caddying did not offer beneficial changes to cardiovascular variables or cardiorespiratory fitness (P > .05), while coronary heart disease risk score decreased (Δ = −3.3%) (P < .05). In relation to PA, light- (Δ = 145 min) and moderate-intensity (Δ = 71 min) PA, moderate to vigorous PA (Δ = 73 min), and total PA (Δ = 218 min) between preseason and the mid-point of the caddying season increased, while sedentary time (Δ = −172 min) decreased (all P < .05). Conclusion: Golf caddying can provide several physical health benefits such as improvements in various markers of cardiometabolic health, lower back absolute strength, and static and dynamic balance. The physical health improvements that caddying offers is likely contributed to by increased PA volume and intensity through walking on the golf course. Therefore, caddying may represent a feasible model for increasing PA volume and intensity and achieve physical health–related benefits.
Hepatitis C virus infects and perturbs liver stem cells
Authors: Meyers Nathan L. , Ashuach Tal , Lyons Danielle E. , Khalid Mir M. , Simoneau Camille R. , Erickson Ann L. , Bouhaddou Mehdi , Nguyen Thong T. , Kumar G. Renuka , Taha Taha Y. , Natarajan Vaishaali , Baron Jody L. , Neff Norma , Zanini Fabio , Mahmoudi Tokameh , Quake Stephen R. , Krogan Nevan J. , Cooper Stewart , McDevitt Todd C. , Yosef Nir , Ott Melanie 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of death from liver disease. How HCV infection causes lasting liver damage and increases cancer risk remains unclear. Here, we identify bipotent liver stem cells as novel targets for HCV infection, and their erroneous differentiation as the potential cause of impaired liver regeneration and cancer development. We show 3D organoids generated from liver stem cells from actively HCV-infected individuals carry replicating virus and maintain low-grade infection over months. Organoids can be infected with a primary HCV isolate. Virus-inclusive single-cell RNA sequencing uncovered transcriptional reprogramming in HCV
+
cells supporting hepatocytic differentiation, cancer stem cell development, and viral replication while stem cell proliferation and interferon signaling are disrupted. Our data add a new pathogenesis mechanism—infection of liver stem cells—to the biology of HCV infection that may explain progressive liver damage and enhanced cancer risk through an altered stem cell state.

IMPORTANCE
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes liver disease, affecting millions. Even though we have effective antivirals that cure HCV, they cannot stop terminal liver disease. We used an adult stem cell-derived liver organoid system to understand how HCV infection leads to the progression of terminal liver disease. Here, we show that HCV maintains low-grade infections in liver organoids for the first time. HCV infection in liver organoids leads to transcriptional reprogramming causing cancer cell development and altered immune response. Our finding shows how HCV infection in liver organoids mimics HCV infection and patient pathogenesis. These results reveal that HCV infection in liver organoids contributes to liver disease progression.
The value of observational registry studies for the next infectious disease emergency
Authors: Senefeld Jonathon W. , Marks Peter , Casadevall Arturo , Joyner Michael J. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
During infectious disease emergencies, it may be necessary to deploy new therapies without conclusive evidence for their effectiveness. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, several countries used registries to track the use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP). Those registries provided evidence that CCP was effective when used early and with high titer.
Perceptions of conflicting information about long-term medications: a qualitative in-depth interview study of patients with chronic diseases in the Swiss ambulatory care system
Authors: Santos Beatriz , Blondon Katherine S , Sottas Marie , Carpenter Delesha , Backes Claudine , Van Gessel Elisabeth , Schneider Marie P 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivePatients with multiple long-term conditions visit various healthcare professionals and are exposed to medication information from various sources causing an increased risk of patients perceiving contradictory medication information. The aims of this study are to: (1) characterise conflicting medication information perceived by patients with long-term conditions, (2) better understand the related impact on patients’ medication self-management and healthcare system navigation and (3) explore ways in which such events could be prevented.DesignThis study was conducted through qualitative semistructured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.SettingCommunity pharmacies and medical centres in Geneva, Switzerland.ParticipantsThis study included outpatients from April 2019 to February 2020. Patients were included after participating in a quantitative survey of perceived conflicting information about medications for long-term diseases.MethodsSemistructured audiotaped interviews of 20 to 60 min following a pre-established interview guide to explore participants’ perceptions of conflicting information. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and a thematic analysis was conducted with inductive and deductive coding using MAXQDA (2018, Release 18.2.3).ResultsTwenty-two patients were interviewed, until data saturation, mentioning indication or need for a medication as the main topic of conflicting information between two healthcare professionals. Perceived conflicting information often resulted from insufficient information provided and poor communication leading to confusion, doubts and medication non-adherence. Patients expected more information and more interprofessional communication on their medications. As a result of conflicting information, most participants learnt or were learning to take an active role and become partners of the healthcare providers.ConclusionThe need to strengthen and improve communication and interprofessional collaborative practice among healthcare professionals and with the patient is emerging to increase the quality and consistency of information about medications, and consequently, to ensure better use and experience of medications.
Relationship between self-reported listening and communication difficulties and executive function: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stacey Jemaine E , Danielsson Henrik , Heinrich Antje , Batinović Lucija , Holmer Emil , Ingo Elisabeth , Henshaw Helen 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionListening and communication difficulties can limit people’s participation in activity and adversely affect their quality of life. Hearing, as well as listening and communication difficulties, can be measured either by using behavioural tests or self-report measures, and the outcomes are not always closely linked. The association between behaviourally measured and self-reported hearing is strong, whereas the association between behavioural and self-reported measures of listening and communication difficulties is much weaker, suggesting they assess different aspects of listening. While behavioural measures of listening and communication difficulties have been associated with poorer cognitive performance including executive functions, the same association has not always been shown for self-report measures. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to understand the relationship between executive function and self-reported listening and communication difficulties in adults with hearing loss, and where possible, potential covariates of age and pure-tone audiometric thresholds.Methods and analysisStudies will be eligible for inclusion if they report data from both a self-report measure of listening difficulties and a behavioural measure of executive function. Eight databases are to be searched: MEDLINE (via Ovid SP), EMBASE (via Ovid SP), PsycINFO (via Ovid SP), ASSIA (via ProQuest), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature or CINAHL (via EBSCO Host), Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science (Science and Social Science Citation Index). The JBI critical appraisal tool will be used to assess risk of bias for included studies. Results will be synthesised primarily using a meta-analysis, and where sufficient quantitative data are not available, a narrative synthesis will be carried out to describe key results.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical issues are foreseen. Data will be disseminated via academic publication and conference presentations. Findings may also be published in scientific newsletters and magazines.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022293546.