bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate attenuates arsenic‐induced fibrogenic changes in human kidney epithelial cells through reversal of epigenetic aberrations and antioxidant activities
Authors: Iheanacho Mary Sonia , Kandel Ramji , Roy Priti , Singh Kamaleshwar P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRenal fibrosis is a pathogenic intermediate stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nephrotoxicants including arsenic can cause kidney fibrosis through induction of oxidative stress and epigenetic aberrations. Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, is known to have antioxidant and epigenetic modulation properties. Whether EGCG, through its antioxidant and epigenetic modulating activities, can attenuate fibrogenesis is not known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether EGCG can attenuate arsenic‐induced acute injury and long‐term exposure associated fibrogenicity in kidney epithelial cells. To address this question, two human kidney epithelial cell lines Caki‐1 and HK‐2 exposed to arsenic for both acute and long‐term durations were treated with EGCG. The protective effect of EGCG on arsenic‐induced cytotoxicity and fibrogenicity were evaluated by measuring the cell growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, genes expression, and epigenetic changes in histone marks. Results revealed that EGCG has a protective effect in arsenic‐induced acute cytotoxicity in these cells. EGCG scavenges the increased levels of ROS in arsenic exposed cells. Aberrant expression of fibrogenic genes in arsenic exposed cells were restored by EGCG. Abrogation of arsenic‐induced fibrogenic changes was also associated with EGCG‐mediated restoration of arsenic‐induced aberrant expression of epigenetic regulatory proteins and histone marks. Novel findings of this study suggest that EGCG, through its antioxidant and epigenetic modulation capacities, has protective effects against arsenic‐induced cytotoxicity and fibrogenic changes in kidney epithelial cells.
Metabolomic study of the estrogenic and anti‐osteoporotic potential of Erythrina bidwillii leaf
Authors: AbouZeid Enaam M. , Hussein Rehab A. , Salama Abeer A. , Youssef Fadia S. , El‐Ahmady Sherweit H. , Ammar Nagwa Mohamed , Afifi Ahmed H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractErythrina bidwillii Lindl., Leguminosae, constitutes a valuable crop for horticulture and medicine; however, it is rarely investigated. Menopause is a crucial transitional period in women’s health. Women worldwide consider the use of phytoestrogens as a safe hormone replacement therapy to alleviate detrimental menopausal symptoms. Thus, the discovery of novel phytoestrogens is highly demanded. The present study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the metabolomic profile and the estrogenic potential of E. bidwillii Lindl. leaf. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolite profiling revealed the prevalence of alkaloids, flavonoids, isoflavonoids and fatty acids. Additionally, five erythrinan alkaloids, cristanine A (1), 8‐oxoerythraline (2), (+)‐erythrinine (3), (+)‐erythraline (4) and 8‐oxoerythrinine (5), along with the isoflavonoid genistin (6), were isolated. Erythrina bidwillii leaf extract exhibited significant in vivo estrogenic, anti‐osteoporotic, anti‐hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activities, utilizing ovariectomized rat model. Moreover, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions possessed significant in vitro estrogeic potential on MCF‐7 cell lines. An in silico study of the isolated metabolites revealed that (+)‐erythrinine (3) and 8‐oxoerythrinine (5) exhibited the highest affinity for ERα and ERβ, respectively, modeling them as potential estrogenic lead metabolites. Therefore, E. bidwillii leaf could be employed as promising hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women after thorough clinical trials.
Adapting virus filtration to continuous processing: Effects of product and process variability on filtration performance
Authors: Kozaili Julie , Rayfield William , Gospodarek Adrian , Brower Mark , Strauss Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVirus filtration (VF) is an important unit operation in the manufacture of biotherapeutics that provides robust removal of potential virus contaminants. Small virus removal can be impacted by the low operating pressures and potential depressurization events that are often associated with continuous operations where increased operational flexibility for higher loading at low flux and low pressure is required. In this study, we evaluated the impact of low flux (7 LMH) and pressure interruptions on minute virus of mice (MVM) removal. We used long‐term filtrations conducted to a target throughput of 1000 L/m2 with four different monoclonal antibodies on small‐scale hollow fiber virus filters with a hydrophilic modified polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. These conditions are certainly challenging for any VF operation and ensuring robust viral clearance under such conditions is critical to the design and implementation of continuous VF. Planova BioEX filters effectively removed MVM at 4 log or greater when run continuously for up to 6 days. Interestingly, pressure increases associated with filter fouling over the duration of long‐term filtrations were shown to be reflective of load material variability and could be remediated by implementation of an inline prefilter. Pressure interruptions had minimal impact on overall MVM logarithmic reduction value. Effective virus removal was achieved with pressure increases being largely product‐specific, which demonstrates the capability of the virus filter to remove virus independent of pressure increases that are expected to occur with increased protein load.
Effect of pH, NaCl concentration, and mAb concentration of feed solution on the filterability of Planova™ 20N and Planova™ BioEX
Authors: Hashikawa‐Muto Chie , Yokoyama Yoshiro , Hamamoto Ryo , Kobayashi Kazuya , Masuda Yumiko , Nonaka Koichi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVirus filtration is one of the most important steps in ensuring viral safety during the purification of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and other biotherapeutics derived from mammalian cell cultures. Regarding the various virus retentive filters, including Planova filters, a great deal of data has been reported on the virus retention capability and its mechanism. Along with the virus retention capability, filterability is a key performance indicator for designing a robust and high‐throughput virus filtration step. In order to obtain higher filterability, optimization of the feed solution conditions, and filter selection is essential; however, limited data are available regarding the filtration characteristics of Planova filters. Furthermore, for Planova 20N and Planova BioEX, the virus retention characteristics were reported to differ due to their respective membrane materials and layer structures. Whether these filters differ in their filtration characteristics is an interesting question, but no comparative evaluations have been reported. In this study, the filterability of the two filters was investigated and compared using 15 feed mAb solutions of a single mAb selected by design of experiments with different combinations of pH, NaCl concentration, and mAb concentration. The filterability of Planova 20N was affected not only by the feed solution viscosity, but also by the mAb aggregate content of the feed mAb solution and mAb‐membrane electrostatic interactions. In contrast, the filterability of Planova BioEX decreased under some buffer conditions. These findings and the established design spaces of these filters provide valuable insights into the process optimization of virus filtration.
Value‐based payment models and management of newly diagnosed prostate cancer
Authors: Maganty Avinash , Kaufman Samuel R. , Oerline Mary K. , Faraj Kassem S. , Caram Megan E. V. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Hollenbeck Brent K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of urologist participation in value‐based payment models on the initial management of men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.MethodsMedicare beneficiaries with prostate cancer diagnosed between 2017 and 2019, with 1 year of follow‐up, were assigned to their primary urologist, each of whom was then aligned to a value‐based payment model (the merit‐based incentive payment system [MIPS], accountable care organization [ACO] without financial risk, and ACO with risk). Multivariable mixed‐effects logistic regression was used to measure the association between payment model participation and treatment of prostate cancer. Additional models estimated the effects of payment model participation on use of treatment in men with very high risk (i.e., >75%) of non‐cancer mortality within 10 years of diagnosis (i.e., a group of men for whom treatment is generally not recommended) and price‐standardized prostate cancer spending in the 12 months after diagnosis.ResultsTreatment did not vary by payment model, both overall (MIPS—67% [95% CI 66%–68%], ACOs without risk—66% [95% CI 66%–68%], ACOs with risk—66% [95% CI 64%–68%]). Similarly, treatment did not vary among men with very high risk of non‐cancer mortality by payment model (MIPS—52% [95% CI 50%–55%], ACOs without risk—52% [95% CI 50%–55%], ACOs with risk—51% [95% CI 45%–56%]). Adjusted spending was similar across payment models (MIPS—$16,501 [95% CI $16,222–$16,780], ACOs without risk—$16,140 [95% CI $15,852–$16,429], ACOs with risk—$16,117 [95% CI $15,585–$16,649]).ConclusionsHow urologists participate in value‐based payment models is not associated with treatment, potential overtreatment, and prostate cancer spending in men with newly diagnosed disease.
Design, Synthesis, and Synergistic Activities of Eight‐Membered Carbon Bridged Neonicotinoid Derivatives
Authors: Tan Du , Xu Xiaoyong , Li Zhong , Xu Zhiping , Shao Xusheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInsecticide synergists are an effective approach to increase the control efficacy and reduce active ingredient usage. In order to explore neonicotinoid‐specific synergists with novel scaffolds and higher potency, a series of eight‐membered carbon bridged neonicotinoid derivatives were designed and synthesized in accordance with our previous research. The synergistic effects of the target compounds on neonicotinoids in Aphis craccivora were evaluated, and the structure‐activity relationships were summarized. The results indicated that most of the target compounds exhibited significant synergistic effects on imidacloprid in A. craccivora at low concentrations. In particular, compound 1 at a concentration of 1 mg/L reduced the LC50 value of imidacloprid from 0.856 mg/L to 0.170 mg/L. Meanwhile, compound 1 also increased the insecticidal activity of most neonicotinoid insecticides belonging to the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) 4 A subgroup against A. craccivora. The present study might be meaningful for directing the design of neonicotinoid‐specific synergists.
Validation of the RSClin risk calculator in the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Vannier Augustin G. L. , Dhungana Asim , Zhao Fangyuan , Chen Nan , Shubeck Sarah , Hahn Olwen M. , Nanda Rita , Jaskowiak Nora T. , Fleming Gini F. , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Pearson Alexander T. , Huo Dezheng , Howard Frederick M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines recommend the use of genomic assays such as OncotypeDx to aid in decisions regarding the use of chemotherapy for hormone receptor–positive, HER2‐negative (HR+/HER2−) breast cancer. The RSClin prognostic tool integrates OncotypeDx and clinicopathologic features to predict distant recurrence and chemotherapy benefit, but further validation is needed before broad clinical adoption.MethodsThis study included patients from the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) who were diagnosed with stage I–III HR+/HER2− breast cancer from 2010 to 2020 and received adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without chemotherapy. RSClin‐predicted chemotherapy benefit was stratified into low (<3% reduction in distant recurrence), intermediate (3%–5%), and high (>5%). Cox models were used to model mortality adjusted for age, comorbidity index, insurance, and race/ethnicity.ResultsA total of 285,441 patients were identified for inclusion from the NCDB, with an average age of 60 years and a median follow‐up of 58 months. Chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival only for those predicted to have intermediate (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60–0.79) and high benefit per RSClin (aHR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.61–0.72). Consistent benefit was seen in the subset with a low OncotypeDx score (<26) and intermediate (aHR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53–0.82) or high (aHR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.58–0.86) RSClin‐predicted benefit. No survival benefit with chemotherapy was seen in patients with a high OncotypeDx score (≥26) and low benefit per RSClin (aHR, 1.70; 95% CI, 0.41–6.99).ConclusionsRSClin may identify high‐risk patients who benefit from treatment intensification more accurately than OncotypeDx, and further prospective study is needed.
Charles Brenton Huggins: A historical review of the Nobel laureate’s pioneering discoveries
Authors: Benadada Farouk , Saad Fred , Delouya Guila , Taussky Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAndrogen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer was pioneered by Charles Huggins, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1966. The authors tried to understand the scientific context and how previous findings paved Huggins way to his discoveries. With the help of summary or review articles on androgen deprivation therapy, the authors identified key publications and used his Nobel Prize speech as a basis to understand his discoveries. Furthermore, they used a recording of the laboratory‐talk interview he gave about his findings to guide them to relevant publications. The authors found that the basis for Huggins’ discoveries was the isolation of testosterone in 1935, not long before Huggins’ 1941 hallmark publication. Huggins’ work follows major experiments in the 19th century in orchiectomy done as a treatment for prostate hypertrophy. Researching the etiology of idiopathic hydrocele, Huggins analyzed the composition of prostate fluid. Further research led to the discovery of the influence of castration, testosterone, and estrogen on acid phosphatase. Recently developed methods facilitated the measurement of the phosphatases. He, therefore, had a biomarker for metastatic prostate cancer to measure treatment response. Very early on, he reported clinical improvements after castration in metastatic patients. Although the effect of orchiectomy on prostate hypertrophy was already known, Huggins was the first to show that testosterone stimulated and estrogen decreased the activity of prostate cancer. Huggins also established phosphatases as a tumor marker to measure disease response.
Review of Theoretical and Computational Studies of Bulk and Single Atom Catalysts for H2S Catalytic Conversion
Authors: Liu Yubin , Li Yuqiong , Yu Qi , Roy Soumendra , Yu Xiaohu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCatalytic conversion of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a vital role in environmental protection and safety production. In this review, recent theoretical advances for catalytic conversion of H2S are systemically summarized. Firstly, different mechanisms of catalytic conversion of H2S are elucidated. Secondly, theoretical studies of catalytic conversion of H2S on surfaces of metals, metal compounds, and single‐atom catalysts (SACs) are systematically reviewed. In the meantime, various strategies which have been adopted to improve the catalytic performance of catalysts in the catalytic conversion of H2S are also reviewed, mainly including facet morphology control, doped heteroatoms, metal deposition, and defective engineering. Finally, new directions of catalytic conversion of H2S are proposed and potential strategies to further promote conversion of H2S are also suggested: including SACs, double atom catalysts (DACs), single cluster catalysts (SCCs), frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), etc. The present comprehensive review can provide an insight for the future development of new catalysts for the catalytic conversion of H2S.
Influence of Admixture on Phenotypes
Authors: Brugger Steven W. , Davis Mary F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndividuals of European descent have historically been the focus of genetic studies and possess relatively homogenous genomes. As a result, analytical methods have been developed and optimized with such genomes in mind. African‐descent and Latino individuals generally possess genomes of greater architectural complexity due to mosaic genomic ancestry, which can extensively and intricately impact phenotypic expression. As such, genetic analyses of admixed individuals require that genetic admixture be quantified to accurately model the impact of genetic variation on phenotypic expression. In this overview, we explore how fundamental genetic concepts such as linkage disequilibrium and differential allele frequency interact with genetic admixture to uniquely influence phenotypes in admixed individuals. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Molecular Docking and DFT Calculations of Anthracene: Insights from Quantum Chemical Methods
Authors: Vijayakumar Rajendran , Viji Arangarajan , Vanasundari Karuppaiya , Balachandran Vadivel , Arockia Dass Antony Prabhu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe molecular structure and spectroscopic data of (2E)‐1‐(Anthracen‐9‐yl)‐3‐(4‐nitrophenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one are obtained from DFT (B3LYP) with 6‐31G(d,p) and 6‐31G+(d,p) basis set calculations. The geometry of the molecule is fully optimized, vibrational spectra are calculated and fundamental vibrations are assigned on the basis of potential energy distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes. Molecular parameters such as bond length and bond angle are calculated with the same level of theory. The intramolecular charge transfer is calculated by means of natural bond orbital analysis (NBO). Besides, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), HOMO ‐ LUMO, Fukui functions, RDG and ELF are performed. The biological effect is made on the basis of prediction of molecular docking results.
Seismic excitation model in probabilistic risk assessment of civil infrastructure
Authors: Falamarz‐Sheikhabadi Mohammad R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRealistic risk assessment of civil infrastructure subjected to catastrophic events plays a crucial role in strategic asset management. In this process, visualization of the asset and its environment always possesses some epistemic uncertainty associated with the modeler's simplification/abstraction. The present paper aims at providing a critical perspective into the characterization of the seismic excitation model for risk assessment of civil infrastructures and identifying gaps in the present knowledge. For this purpose, the main factors that influence the development of a comprehensive framework for the simulation of seismic excitation are highlighted. The coupling effect of the spatial variability of ground motions and the substructure's footprint on the realization of the seismic excitation model is illustrated. Finally, the necessity of direct incorporation of the load analysis subtask in the probabilistic seismic risk assessment of civil infrastructures is discussed. In addition, simplified probability density functions are proposed for the simulation of the seismic excitation model.
Introducing graphene‐enhanced technologies to the regulated market to mitigate carbon emissions
Authors: Sama Aicha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAmbitious net zero carbon emissions goals have been set by various climate change agencies and government officials, including President Biden. One of the most prominent emissions goals aims to reach net zero carbon emissions globally by 2050. Unfortunately, the United States is not on track to achieving this goal and the United Nations has announced that several nations have fallen short of their carbon emissions agreements. Increases in global temperatures, deadly natural disasters, and species extinction have heightened the pressure facing scientists and policymakers to convince nations to stay on course to reach net zero emissions within the next few decades. Last year, the largest contributor to carbon dioxide emissions in the United States was “U.S. motor gasoline and diesel (distillate) fuel consumption” (U.S. Energy Information Administration, Frequently Asked Questions), making it clear that changes must be made in the energy sector to mitigate this. Recent innovations in the battery industry have shown exciting promise for the future of clean energy, though regulatory barriers must be overcome to fully establish these new technologies. One such technology is the graphene‐enhanced lithium‐ion battery which has five times the energy density of regular lithium‐ion batteries due to the high thermal conductivity of graphene. However, graphene is difficult to produce on a large scale, and many investors and stakeholders have hesitated to participate in the graphene supply chain due to the lack of regulation and health and safety information on graphene. The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), along with other standardization organizations, has worked to understand nanomaterials like graphene over the past decade, but they seem to be behind in producing substantial data on the material's properties. Furthermore, current graphene manufacturers have varying ways of classifying and labeling graphene products, creating additional confusion in the marketplace. To accelerate the process of researching and regulating graphene, the EPA's adherence to predetermined deadlines for the creation of regulations for up‐and‐coming materials must be mandated, a standardized graphene labeling system should be adopted, universities and federal agencies should be incentivized to collaborate on research related to graphene production methods, and a mandatory “battery passport” system should be implemented to ensure the widespread availability of battery information. These recommendations are aimed at increasing trust and collaboration within the graphene industry and standardizing graphene materials to reduce ambiguity within the supply chain. By implementing these policy changes, the use of graphene‐enhanced lithium‐ion batteries in electric vehicles and grid energy storage systems can become more widespread, and allow for higher efficiency. As improvements are made to clean energy alternatives, the use of fossil fuels can be reduced, thus, decreasing overall carbon emissions.