bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting primordial black holes formation from preheating instabilities: the case of Starobinsky inflation
Authors: del-Corral Daniel , Gondolo Paolo , Sravan Kumar K. , Marto João 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, the formation of primordial black holes (PBH) in the early universe
inflationary cosmology has garnered significant attention. One plausible scenario for primordial
black hole (PBH) formation arises during the preheating stage following inflation. Notably, this
scenario does not necessitate any ad-hoc fine-tuning of the scalar field potential. This paper
focuses on the growth of primordial density perturbation and the consequent possibility of PBH
formation in the preheating stage of the Starobinsky model for inflation. The typical mechanism
for PBH formation during preheating is based on the collapse of primordial fluctuations that
become super-horizon during inflation (type I) and re-enter the particle horizon in the different
phases of cosmic expansion. In this work, we show that there exists a certain range of modes that
remain in the sub-horizon (not exited) during inflation (type II modes) but evolve identically to
type I modes if they fall into the instability band, leading to large density perturbation above
the threshold and can potentially also contribute to the PBH formation.
We outline the conditions that govern the potential collapse of type
I and type II modes with wavelengths exceeding the Jeans length,
which we derive based on the effective sound speed of scalar field
fluctuations. Since the
preheating stage is an `inflaton' (approximately) matter-dominated phase, we follow the framework
of the critical collapse of fluctuations and compute the mass fraction using the well-known
Press-Schechter and the Khlopov-Polnarev formalisms, and compare the two. Finally, we comment on
the implications of our study for the investigations concerned with primordial accretion and
consequent PBH contribution to the dark matter.
Deterministic hierarchical sharing of a partially known quantum operation via a non-maximally entangled state
Authors: Zhou Si-Qi , Maihemuti Nueraminaimu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the critical role of hierarchical quantum operation sharing in enhancing security and efficiency within quantum information systems. This approach enables the structured distribution of quantum operations among multiple parties, facilitating collaborative tasks essential for various practical applications. In this paper, we explore the hierarchical sharing of a partially known single-qubit operation, and propose a four-party hierarchical sharing scheme utilizing a non-maximally entangled six-qubit state as the quantum channel. This scheme can be regarded as two sub-schemes, wherein three agents are divided into two power levels for information access: one at a higher power level and the other at a lower level. Each agent can reconstruct the target state with complete certainty, independent of the coefficients of the non-maximally entangled channel, through the cooperation of some or all other agents. Additionally, we extend this framework to accommodate m + n agents, where n agents operate at the higher power level while the remaining m agents function at the lower power level.
Phase transition extracted by Principal Component Analysis in the disordered Moore-Read state
Authors: Jiang Na , Fu Shuaixin , Ma Zhengzhi , Wang Lian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We study the influence of disorder on the Moore-Read state by principal component analysis (PCA), which is one of ground state candidates for the 5/2 fractional Hall state. By using PCA, the topological features of the ground state wave functions with different disorder strengths can be distillated. And as the disorder strength increases, the Moore-Read state will be destroyed. We explore the phase transition by analyzing the overlaps between the random sample wave functions and the topologically distilled state. The cross-point between the amplitudes of the principal component and its counterpart is the phase transition point. Additionally, the origin of the second component comes from the excited states, which is different from the Laughlin state.
Electromagnetically-induced-absorption-like ground state cooling in a hybrid optomechanical system
Authors: Dong Yaoyong , Zheng Xuejun , Wang Denglong , Zhao Peng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a scheme for the electromagnetically-induced-absorption (EIA)-like ground state cooling in a hybrid optomechanical system which is combined by two-level quantum systems (qubits) and a high-Q optomechanical cavity. Under the weak qubit-cavity coupling, the system exhibits an EIA-like effect and this effect is caused by quantum destructive interference that is distinct from the conventional EIA effect driven by quantum constructive interference. More importantly, the EIA-like cooling mechanism can significantly enhance the cooling rate of the hybrid system, enabling the final phonon number beyond the classical cooling limit in the strong optomechanical coupling regime. Meanwhile, the cooling effects of the EIA case is better than that of the normal-mode splitting case under the same optomechanical coupling strength and qubit dissipation rate.
Microstructure and microwave surface resistance of YBCO films deposited under different oxygen pressures
Authors: SHENG Zhi-Bo , CHEN Fu-Cong , XIONG Pei-Yu , YI Qi-Ru , YUAN Jie , CHEN Yu , GU Yue-Liang , JIN Kui , WANG Huan-Hua , LI Xiao-Long , GAO Chen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films with low microwave surface resistance (RS
) are essential for high temperature superconducting microwave devices. The oxygen pressure during deposition has been found to influence RS
significantly. In this work, we deposited highly c-axis aligned YBCO films on single crystal MgO(001) substrates under different oxygen pressures via pulsed laser ablation. Their detailed microstructure was characterized with three-dimensional reciprocal space mapping (3D-RSM) method and their microwave surface resistance was also measured with resonant cavity perturbation method. We found that the variation of oxygen pressure can affect film microstructure, including grain orientation distribution and the concentrations of crystal defects. The microstructure modulation can explain RS
dependence on the oxygen pressure.
Quantitative Determination of Modal Photon Number Density Spectrum in Arbitrary Dielectric Structures with a Quantum Emitter
Authors: Chen Li-Heng , Luo Fengfeng , Gao Yonggui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding the photon number statistics of a quantum emitter (QE) interacting with complex photonic environments is fundamental to advances in quantum optics and nanophotonics. We introduce a general theoretical framework for calculating the modal photon number density spectrum (MPNDS) in arbitrary dielectric structures with an embedded two-level QE. We validate our approach by investigating a system composed of a two-level QE and a photonic crystal (PhC) slab with an L3 cavity and a waveguide, finding that the MPNDS exhibits significant changes in both waveguide and background radiative channels as the interaction between the QE and modal field transitions from weak coupling to strong coupling. We observe that the number of photons guided along the waveguide shows a strong dependence on the QE's transition frequency and transition dipole moment, but demonstrates robustness to the transition dipole moment when the transition frequency approaches the waveguide cutoff frequency. Our work allows for the determination and tailoring of light emission characteristics across diverse radiative channels in complex photonic environments.
Uncertainties of the standard quantum teleportation channel
Authors: Zhang Zhihua , Guo Zehao , Qiu Zhipeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
From the perspective of state-channel interaction, standard quantum teleportation can be viewed as a communication process characterized by both input and output, functioning as a quantum depolarizing channel. To achieve a precise quantification of the quantumness introduced by this channel, we examine its uncertainties, which encompass both state dependent and independent uncertainties. Specifically, for qudit systems, we provide general formulas for these uncertainties. We analyze the uncertainties associated with standard quantum teleportation when induced by isotropic states, Werner states, and X-states, and we elucidate the correlation between these uncertainties and the parameters of the specific mixed states. Our findings demonstrate the validity of quantifying these uncertainties.
Coherent feedback ground-state cooling of mechanical resonators assisted by a quantum well
Authors: Liao Qinghong , Ouyang Songyun , Cheng Shaoping , Cheng Yiping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We theoretically investigate a cooling scheme assisted by a quantum well and coherent feedback within a hybrid optomechanical system. Although the exciton mode in the quantum well (QW) and the mechanical resonator (MR) are initially uncoupled, their interaction via the microcavity field leads to an indirect exciton-mode–mechanical-mode coupling. The coherent feedback loop is applied by feeding back a fraction of the output field of the cavity through a controllable beam splitter to the cavity's input mirror. It is shown that the cooling capability is enhanced by effectively suppressing the Stokes process through coupling with the QW. Furthermore, the effect of the anti-Stokes process is enhanced through the application of the coherent feedback loop. This particular system configuration enables cooling of the mechanical resonator even in the unresolved sideband regime (USR). This study has some important guiding significance in the field of quantum information processing.
Measurement-based entanglement purification for hybrid entangled state
Authors: Luo Cheng-Chen , Gu Shi-Pu , Wang Xing-Fu , Zhou Lan , Sheng Yu-Bo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Hybrid entangled states (HESs), which involve different particles with various degrees of freedom, have garnered significant attention and been applied in a wide range of quantum technologies. However, similar to other categories of entanglement, maximally HESs inevitably degrade to mixed states due to the environmental noise and operational imperfections. To address the degradation problem, measurement-based entanglement purification offers a feasible and robust solution alternative to conventional gate-based purification methods. In this paper, we propose a measurement-based hybrid entanglement purification protocol (MB-HEPP) for a certain kind of HES, which consists of polarization photons and coherent states. We extend our methodology to several conditions, such as the multi-copy and multi-party scenarios, and the photon-loss condition. Compared with previous HEPPs, this protocol has several advantages. First, it does not depend on post-selection and the purified HESs can be remained for further application. Second, it does not require the Bell state measurement, but only uses the parity check with conventional linear optical elements, which makes it have the higher success probability and more feasible. Our MB-HEPP has potential applications in future heterogeneous quantum networks.
Identifying important nodes of hypergraph: An improved PageRank algorithm
Authors: Piao Yu-Hao , Wang Jun-Yi , Li Ke-Zan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Hypergraphs can accurately capture complex higher-order relationships, but it is challenging to identify their important nodes. In this paper, an improved PageRank(ImPageRank) algorithm is designed to identify important nodes in a directed hypergraph. The algorithm introduces the Jaccard similarity of directed hypergraphs. By comparing the numbers of common neighbors between nodes with the total number of their neighbors, the Jaccard similarity measure takes into account the similarity between nodes that are not directly connected, and can reflect the potential correlation between nodes. An improved SI model in directed hypergraph is proposed, which considers nonlinear propagation mode and more realistic propagation mechanism. In addition, some important node evaluation methods are transferred from undirected hypergraphs and applied to directed hypergraphs. Finally, the ImPageRank algorithm is used to evaluate the performance of SI model, network robustness and monotonicity. Simulations of real networks demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed algorithm and provide a powerful framework for identifying important nodes in directed hypergraphs.
Associated network family of the unified piecewise linear chaotic family and their relevance
Authors: Niu Haoying , Liu Jie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Duality analysis of time series and complex networks has been a frontier topic during the last several decades. According to some recent approaches in this direction, the intrinsic dynamics of typical nonlinear systems can be better characterized by considering the related nonlinear time series from the perspective of networks science. In this paper, the associated network family of the unified piecewise-linear (PWL) chaotic family, which can bridge the gap of the PWL chaotic Lorenz system and the PWL chaotic Chen system, was firstly constructed and analyzed. We constructed the associated network family via the original and the modified frequency-degree mapping strategy, as well as the classical visibility graph and horizontal visibility graph strategy, after removing the transient states. Typical related network characteristics, including the network fractal dimension, of the associated network family, are computed with change of single key parameter α. These characteristic vectors of the network are also compared with the Largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE) vector of the related original dynamical system. It can be found that, some network characteristics are highly correlated with LLE vector of the original nonlinear system, i.e., there is an internal consistency between the Largest Lyapunov exponents, some typical associated network characteristics, and the related network fractal dimension index. Numerical results show that the modified frequency-degree mapping strategy can demonstrate highest correlation, which means it can behave better to capture the intrinsic characteristics of the unified PWL chaotic family.
Magnon-magnon coupling in noncollinear synthetic antiferromagnets
Authors: Tengfei Zhang , Quwen Wang , Min Chen , Jie Dong , Qian Zhao , Zimu Li , Qingfang Liu , Jianbo Wang , Jinwu Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We report a theoretical analysis of magnon-magnon coupling in a noncollinear magnetic sandwiched structure with interlayer exchange interaction, which consists of two ferromagnetic layers with perpendicular and in-plane magnetic anisotropy, respectively. Based on the Landau-Lifshitz equation, the spin wave dispersion is derived, and then the frequency gap is observed due to the magnon-magnon coupling effect induced by symmetry-breaking. The influence of saturation magnetization, exchange coupling interaction, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and wave vector on the coupling strength is studied in detail. We find that the coupling strength is strongly dependent on the saturation magnetization and a small saturation magnetization can lead to strong coupling strength. By selecting the appropriate magnetic materials, ultra-strong coupling regime can be achieved. The precession information in time-domain is solved and the alternate change of the precession components in two ferromagnetic layers implies the exchange of energy and information.
Gate leakage mechanisms in Al2O3/SiN/AlN/GaN MIS-HEMTs on Si substrates
Authors: Li Hui-Lin , Zhu Jie-Jie , Qin Ling-Jie , Huang Si-Mei , Li Shi-Yang , Gao Bo-Xuan , Zhu Qing , Ma Xiao-Hua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the gate leakage mechanisms of AlN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor highelectron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) fabricated on silicon substrate with Al2O3/SiN as stacked gate dielectrics, analyzing behaviors across high and low temperature conditions. In the high-temperature reverse bias region (T &#62; 275 K, V
G &#60; 0 V), Poole-Frenkel emission (PFE) dominates at low electric fields, while trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) is the primary mechanism at medium to high electric fields. The shift from PFE to TAT as the dominant conduction mechanism is due to the increased tunneling effect of electrons as the electric field strength rises. Additionally, TAT is found to be the main gate leakage mechanism under low-temperature reverse bias (T &#60; 275 K, V
G &#60; 0 V). At lower temperatures, the reduction in electron energy causes the emission process to rely more on electric field forces. Furthermore, under forward bias conditions at both high and low temperatures(225 K &#60; T &#60; 375 K, V
G &#62; 0 V), conduction is primarily dominated by defect-assisted tunneling (DAT).
Robustness of ferromagentism in van der Waals magnet Fe3GeTe2 to hydrostatic pressure
Authors: Wang Yonglin , Zeng Xu-Tao , Li Bo , Su Cheng , Hattori Takanori , Sheng Xian-Lei , Jin Wentao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) holds a great potential for applications in spintronic devices, due to its high Curie temperature, easy tunability, and excellent structural stability in air. Theoretical studies have shown that pressure, as an external parameter, significantly affects its ferromagnetic properties. In this study, we have performed comprehensive high-pressure neutron powder diffraction (NPD) experiments on FGT up to 5 GPa, to investigate the evolution of its structural and magnetic properties with hydrostatic pressure. The NPD data clearly reveal the robustness of the ferromagnetism in FGT, despite of an apparent suppression by hydrostatic pressure. As the pressure increases from 0 to 5 GPa, the Curie temperature is found to decrease monotonically from 225(5) K to 175(5) K, together with a dramatically suppressed ordered moment of Fe, which is well supported by the first-principles calculations. Although no pressure-driven structural phase transition is observed up to 5 GPa, quantitative analysis on the changes of bond lengths and bond angles indicate a significant modification of the exchange interactions, which accounts for the pressure-induced suppression of the ferromagnetism in FGT.
Functional verification for Endcap Concentrator ASICs in the High-Granularity Calorimeter upgrade of CMS
Authors: Lupi M. , Bergamin G. , Ceresa D. , Čoko D. , Cummings G. , Gingu V. , Hammer M. , Hirschauer J. , Hoff J. , Kharwadkar N. , Kulis S. , Mantilla-Suarez C. , Noonan D. , Rubinov P. , Scarfì S. , Shenai A. , Syal C. , Wang X. , Wickwire R. , Wilson J. ,   the CMS collaboration
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The High-Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) will replace the current CMS
Endcap Calorimeter during Long-Shutdown 3. The Endcap Concentrator (ECON) ASICs represent key
elements in the readout chain, processing trigger (ECON-T) and data (ECON-D) streams from the
HGCROC to the lpGBT. The ECONs will operate in a radiation environment with a High-Energy Hadron
(E≥20 MeV) flux up to 2·107 cm-2s-1.

This contribution describes the Universal Verification Methodology (UVM)-based functional verification of the ECON ASICs focusing on the re-use of existing components to manage the complexity of the verification environment.
Rad-hard readout system for Timepix3 Hybrid Pixel Detectors
Authors: Cabrera Gabriela , Jensen Steen , Joul Juri , McLean Mark , Sandberg Hampus , Storey James 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Beam Gas Ionisation (BGI) profile monitor, located in the Proton Synchrotron (PS) and
Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN, requires a radiation-tolerant readout system to transfer
data from the challenging accelerator surroundings to the back-end for processing. The system
needs to control and acquire data from four Timepix3 Hybrid Pixel Detectors (HPDs) located
directly inside the beam pipe, a highly radioactive environment. It must ensure reliability given
limited hardware access and preserve signal integrity for the high-speed data (32 channels at 320 MHz). However, due to the unavailability of a suitable rad-hard Timepix3 readout, the Beam
Instrumentation PiXeL (BIPXL) readout system was designed to meet these requirements. This system
employs radiation-hardened components such as the GBTx and the FEASTMP, both developed at CERN. It
will be compatible with forthcoming hybrid pixel detector initiatives in similarly harsh radiation conditions.
Studies on deposition of high energy Lu ions on metallic substrates using Multi-collector ICPMS
Authors: Kumar Yogesh , Bhatia R.K. , Gulhane M.M. , Datta Rabi , Ravisankar E. , Kasbekar A.M. , Abichandani Prakash , Saha T.K. , Nataraju V. , Sharma P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An in-house developed multi-collector inductively coupled
plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICPMS) was used for characterizing an
indigenous high-current ion source to be employed for production of
high intensity ion beam of lutetium (Lu) ions. The ion source is a
critical component of Electromagnetic Isotope Separator (EMIS)
facility, which is being fabricated for isotopic enrichment of
lutetium in 176Lu. As the ion source is a crucial component of
the EMIS facility, it was essential to independently test its
performance and optimize its parameters prior to its coupling with
other subsystems of the EMIS facility i.e. magnetic analyzer and
collector system, which are under development. Studies were carried
out to determine the contribution of Lu+ in the total ion beam
extracted from the ion source by employing a collector setup at the
exit of the ion source. The sample deposition on the collector
substrate was analyzed, both qualitatively and quantitatively using
MC-ICPMS. The contribution of Lu+ ions to the total ion beam
from the ion source was found to be ∼ 25% for the total ion
current of ∼ 1 mA at an ion energy of 12 keV. Various
parameters viz. Lu collection rate, collection per unit area
and collection efficiency for deposition of Lu on various substrates
of the collector were established. These studies have helped in
understanding the deposition mechanism of Lu on different
substrates, which has assisted in selecting appropriate target
material and refining the design of the collector assembly. This
paper discusses these studies in detail.