bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey: Discovery of an Extreme Galaxy Overdensity at z = 5.4 with JWST/NIRCam in GOODS-S
Authors: Helton Jakob M. , Sun Fengwu , Woodrum Charity , Hainline Kevin N. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Rieke George H. , Rieke Marcia J. , Tacchella Sandro , Robertson Brant , Johnson Benjamin D. , Alberts Stacey , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Hausen Ryan , Bonaventura Nina R. , Bunker Andrew , Charlot Stephane , Curti Mirko , Curtis-Lake Emma , Looser Tobias J. , Maiolino Roberto , Willott Chris , Witstok Joris , Boyett Kristan , Chen Zuyi , Egami Eiichi , Endsley Ryan , Hviding Raphael E. , Jaffe Daniel T. , Ji Zhiyuan , Lyu Jianwei , Sandles Lester 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report the discovery of an extreme galaxy overdensity at z = 5.4 in the GOODS-S field using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from JADES and JEMS alongside JWST/NIRCam wide-field slitless spectroscopy from FRESCO. We identified potential members of the overdensity using Hubble Space Telescope+JWST photometry spanning λ = 0.4–5.0 μm. These data provide accurate and well-constrained photometric redshifts down to m ≈ 29–30 mag. We subsequently confirmed N = 81 galaxies at 5.2 < z < 5.5 using JWST slitless spectroscopy over λ = 3.9–5.0 μm through a targeted line search for Hα around the best-fit photometric redshift. We verified that N = 42 of these galaxies reside in the field, while N = 39 galaxies reside in a density around ∼10 times that of a random volume. Stellar populations for these galaxies were inferred from the photometry and used to construct the star-forming main sequence, where protocluster members appeared more massive and exhibited earlier star formation (and thus older stellar populations) when compared to their field galaxy counterparts. We estimate the total halo mass of this large-scale structure to be

12.6
≲

log

10

M

halo

/

M

⊙

≲
12.8

using an empirical stellar mass to halo mass relation, which is likely an underestimate as a result of incompleteness. Our discovery demonstrates the power of JWST at constraining dark matter halo assembly and galaxy formation at very early cosmic times.
Diverse Molecular Gas Excitations in Quasar Host Galaxies at z ∼ 6
Authors: Li Jianan , Wang Ran , Pensabene Antonio , Walter Fabian , Venemans Bram P. , Decarli Roberto , Bañados Eduardo , Cox Pierre , Neri Roberto , Omont Alain , Cai Zheng , Khusanova Yana , Xu Fuxiang , Riechers Dominik , Wagg Jeff , Shao Yali , Liu Yuanqi , Menten Karl M. , Li Qiong , Fan Xiaohui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present observations using the Northern Extended Millimetre Array (NOEMA) of CO and H2O emission lines and the underlying dust continuum in two quasars at z ∼ 6, i.e., P215−16 at z = 5.78 and J1429+5447 at z = 6.18. Notably, among all published CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs) of quasars at z ∼ 6, the two systems reveal the highest and the lowest CO levels of excitation, respectively. Our radiative transfer modeling of the CO SLED of P215−16 suggests that the molecular gas heated by active galactic nuclei could be a plausible origin for the high CO excitation. For J1429+5447, we obtain the first well-sampled CO SLED (from transitions from 2−1 to 10−9) of a radio-loud quasar at z ≳ 6. Analysis of the CO SLED suggests that a component from a single photodissociation region could explain the CO excitation in the radio-loud quasar J1429+5447. This work highlights the utility of the CO SLED in uncovering the properties of the interstellar medium in these young quasar–starburst systems at the highest redshift. The diversity of the CO SLEDs reveals the complexities in gas conditions and excitation mechanisms at their early evolutionary stage.
Chasing the Break: Tracing the Full Evolution of a Black Hole X-Ray Binary Jet with Multiwavelength Spectral Modeling
Authors: Echiburú-Trujillo Constanza , Tetarenko Alexandra J. , Haggard Daryl , Russell Thomas D. , Koljonen Karri I. I. , Bahramian Arash , Wang Jingyi , Bremer Michael , Bright Joe , Casella Piergiorgio , Russell David M. , Altamirano Diego , Baglio M. Cristina , Belloni Tomaso , Ceccobello Chiara , Corbel Stephane , Diaz Trigo Maria , Maitra Dipankar , Gabuya Aldrin , Gallo Elena , Heinz Sebastian , Homan Jeroen , Kara Erin , Körding Elmar , Lewis Fraser , Lucchini Matteo , Markoff Sera , Migliari Simone , Miller-Jones James C. A. , Rodriguez Jerome , Saikia Payaswini , Sarazin Craig L. , Shahbaz Tariq , Sivakoff Gregory , Soria Roberto , Testa Vincenzo , Tetarenko Bailey E. , Tudose Valeriu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Black hole (BH) X-ray binaries (XRBs) are ideal targets to study the connection between accretion inflow and jet outflow. Here we present quasi-simultaneous, multiwavelength observations of the Galactic BH system MAXI J1820+070, throughout its 2018–2019 outburst. Our data set includes coverage from the radio through X-ray bands from 17 different instruments/telescopes, and encompasses 19 epochs over a 7 month period, resulting in one of the most well-sampled multiwavelength data sets of a BH XRB outburst to date. With our data, we compile and model the broadband spectra of this source using a phenomenological model that includes emission from the jet, a companion star, and an accretion flow. This modeling allows us to track the evolution of the spectral break in the jet spectrum, a key observable that samples the jet launching region. We find that the spectral break location changes over at least ≈3 orders of magnitude in electromagnetic frequency over this period. Using these spectral break measurements, we link the full cycle of jet behavior, including the rising, quenching, and reignition, to the changing accretion flow properties as the source evolves through its different accretion states. Our analysis shows consistent jet behavior with other sources in similar phases of their outbursts, reinforcing the idea that jet quenching and recovery may be a global feature of BH XRB systems in outburst. Our results also provide valuable evidence supporting a close connection between the geometry of the inner accretion flow and the base of the jet.
The Hubble Deep Hydrogen Alpha (HDHα) Project. I. Catalog of Emission-line Galaxies
Authors: Zhu Shuairu , Zheng Zhen-Ya , Rhoads James , Wang Junxian , Jiang Linhua , Jiang Chunyan , Yuan Fang-Ting , Rahna P. T. , Hu Weida , Lin Ruqiu , Shan Huanyuan , Xu Chun , Infante Leopoldo , Barrientos L. Felipe , Zheng Xianzhong , Fang Guanwen , Liang Zhixiong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present the first results of the Hubble Deep Hydrogen Alpha (HDHα) project, which analyzes the space-borne deep Hα narrowband imaging data in the GOODS-S region. The HDHα data comprises 72 orbits’ images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys/Wide Field Channel F658N filter. The exposure time varies across a total area of ∼76.1 arcmin2, adding up to a total exposure time of 195.7 ks, among which 68.8 ks are spent in the deepest region. These images are aligned, reprojected, and combined to have the same pixel grid as the Hubble Legacy Fields. The scientific goals of the HDHα include establishing a sample of emission-line galaxies (ELGs) including [O iii] emitters at z ∼ 0.3, [O ii] emitters at z ∼ 0.8, and Lyα emitters (LAEs) at z ∼ 4.4, studying the line morphology of ELGs with high resolution imaging data, and statistically analyzing the line luminosity functions and line equivalent-width distributions of ELGs selected with HST. Furthermore, the HDHα project enhances the legacy value of the GOODS-S field by contributing the first HST-based narrowband image to the existing data sets, which includes the HST broadband data and other ancillary data from X-ray to radio taken by other facilities. In this paper, we describe the data reduction process of the HDHα, select ELGs based on HST's F658N and broadband data, validate the redshifts of the selected candidates by crossmatching with the public spectroscopic catalogs in the GOODS-S, and present a final catalog of the confirmed [O iii] emitters at z ∼ 0.3, [O ii] emitters at z ∼ 0.8, and LAEs at z ∼ 4.4.
Improved Upper Limits on Gravitational-wave Emission from NS 1987A in SNR 1987A
Authors: Owen Benjamin J. , Lindblom Lee , Soares Pinheiro Luciano , Rajbhandari Binod 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report on a new search for continuous gravitational waves from NS 1987A, the neutron star born in SN 1987A, using open data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run (O3). The search covered frequencies from 35–1050 Hz, more than 5 times the band of the only previous gravitational-wave search to constrain NS 1987A. Our search used an improved code and coherently integrated from 5.10 to 14.85 days depending on frequency. No astrophysical signals were detected. By expanding the frequency range and using O3 data, this search improved on strain upper limits from the previous search and was sensitive at the highest frequencies to ellipticities of 1.6 × 10−5 and r-mode amplitudes of 4.4 × 10−4, both an order of magnitude improvement over the previous search and both well within the range of theoretical predictions.
Ophthalmological and radiological findings in patients of hypertensive crisis reporting to an intensive care setting
Authors: Bhandare Salomi Samuel , Roy Sneha , Mani Utsav Anand , Gautam Kartika 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The term “hypertensive crisis (HC)” is used to describe both hypertensive emergencies and hypertensive urgencies. Hypertensive emergencies are characterized by the presence of target organ damage, whereas hypertensive urgencies do not involve such organ damage.

Methods:
The main objective of this research was to evaluate all prevalence and clinical profiles of HC in an intensive care unit (ICU). A consecutive type of nonprobability sampling was followed during the study period for the selection of the study sample. A total of 50 patients fulfilling the criteria of eligibility were used for this research with proper informed consent.

Results:
Of the 50 patients reporting to the ICU with hypertensive emergencies and urgency, the most common systemic involvement was neurological, followed by cardiac. On Electrocardiographic (ECG), ST-T wave changes were seen in 46% of cases, whereas left ventricular hypertrophy was reported in 22% of cases.

Conclusions:
Hypertensive retinopathy was the most common ophthalmological finding, SR-T wave changes were the most common ECG finding, and intracerebral hemorrhage was the most common computed tomography finding in patients of HC.
Gender differences in clinical characteristics, angiographic profile, and outcomes of left main coronary artery disease
Authors: Arjun S. , Misiriya K. J. Raihanathul , Sudhakumary V. , Alur Suhas , Narayanapillai Jayaprasad 
Published: February 2024

Context:
Left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease is associated with high morbidity and mortality in spite of advances in management. There is a paucity of data on the gender differences in LMCA disease.

Aims:
We aimed to study the clinical characteristics, angiographic profile, and outcome of coronary artery disease patients with significant LMCA disease.

Settings and Design:
This is a prospective observational study among patients with significant LMCA disease undergoing coronary angiography in a tertiary care center.

Subjects and Methods:
We compared clinical, angiographic characteristics among male and female patients with significant LMCA disease and followed up for 4 months.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Differences between the groups were compared with Student’s t-test for parametric continuous variables. Chi-square test was applied for estimating the occurrence of categorical variables. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to test the relationship between parameters.

Results:
Among 100 consecutive patients with LMCA disease, 70 were males and 30 were females. Chronic stable angina was the most common presentation. Distal LMCA was the most common site. Isolated LMCA disease was less compared to LMCA + multivessel disease. Coronary artery bypass grafting was the predominant management strategy. Mortality rates at 6 months were higher in females compared to males (20% vs. 3.3%).

Conclusions:
LMCA disease has mostly similar angiographic and clinical characteristics among males and females. LMCA disease is associated with high mortality in females compared to males.
Suicide Ideation in LGBTQ+ Community in the Northern Part of India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Arora Kanika , Koul Arunima , Saeed Shazina , Shannawaz Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The mental health challenges within India’s LGBTQ+ community are often overlooked, making it essential to study suicide ideation within this population.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done with an online structured survey consisting of 12 questions related to socio-demographic characteristics, mental health, discrimination and suicidal thoughts. The sampling method used in this research paper was the snowball technique. In the data analysis, the Chi-square test was conducted using SPSS Software.

Results:
A sample of 59 LGBTQ+ people in India was collected. Gay (54%), bisexual (19%), lesbian (12%), non-binary (7%), pansexual (5%) and transgender (3%) participated in this study. Suicidal thoughts occurred to 66.07% of them at least once in their lives. Those who had previously experienced verbal abuse had much higher suicidal thoughts (P = 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval).

Conclusion:
To broaden the dialogue on suicide prevention, it is imperative that we actively incorporate LGBTQ+ individuals. This can be achieved through initiatives such as establishing counselling centres, wellness hubs and healing facilities, amongst other essential measures.
Triaging for Severe Illness amongst Adults with Tuberculosis Followed by Referral and Inpatient Care: A Statewide Pilot in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Shewade Hemant D. , Frederick Asha , Kalyanasundaram Madhanraj , Chadwick Joshua , Kiruthika G , Rajasekar T Daniel , Gayathri K , Vijayaprabha R , Sabarinathan R , Shivakumar Shri Vijay Bala Yogendra , Jeyashree Kathiresan , Bhavani P K , Aarthi S , Suma K V , Pathinathan Delphina P. , Parthasarathy Raghavan , Nivetha M Bhavani , Thampi Jerome G , Chidambaram Deiveegan , Bhatnagar Tarun , Lokesh S , Devika Shanmugasundaram , Laux Timothy S. , Viswanathan Stalin , Sridhar R , Krishnamoorthy K , Sakthivel M , Karunakaran S , Rajkumar S , Ramachandran M. , Kanagaraj K D , Durai V P , Saravanan R , Sugantha A , Khan S Zufire Hassan Mohamed , Sangeetha P , Vasudevan R , Nedunchezhian R , Sankari M , Jeevanandam N , Ganapathy S , Rajasekaran V , Mathavi T , Rajaprakash A R , Murali Lakshmi , Pugal U , Sundaralingam K , Savithri S , Vellasamy S , Dheenadayal D , Ashok P , Sudhakar R , Rajan K P , Tharageshwari N , Chokkalingam D , Anandrajkumar S M , Selvavinayagam T S , Padmapriyadarshini C , Ramachandran Ranjani , Murhekar Manoj V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
This research paper reports on the first statewide implementation of differentiated Tuberculosis (TB) care in routine health system settings in India and possibly globally. This pilot aimed to assess the feasibility in routine health system settings and to identify the predictors of triaging and the burden of triage positive.

Methods/design:
An observational study involving cross-sectional and longitudinal descriptive design. This differentiated TB care was implemented amongst all public notified adults (≥15 years) with TB (not known to be drug resistant at diagnosis) in routine health system settings involving the existing workforce in Tamil Nadu, India (except Chennai).

Results:
Of 2382 adults with TB notified during 14-27 March 2022, 1636 (69%) were triaged for severe illness and 290 (18%) were triage positive. Of these 298, a total of 160 (55%) were comprehensively assessed after referral. Of 136 confirmed as severely ill, 116 (85%) were admitted and 103 were discharged. The median admission duration was 4 days. From diagnosis, the median time interval to admit a severely ill patient was 1 day. Adults diagnosed by rapid molecular test, with extrapulmonary TB and transferred out of district, were less likely to be triaged.

Conclusion:
To reduce TB deaths, the losses in the care cascade should be reduced and the admission duration increased. The findings of this pilot exercise guided the eventual implementation starting 01 April 2022.
Nutrition Education in College Students Using Diffusion of Innovation Theory: An Interventional Study
Authors: Sehgal Gunika , Jain Swati 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To determine the consumption of nuts and oilseeds in college students and to enhance their awareness to improve the consumption through a nutrition education programme.

Materials and Methods:
An interventional study amongst the students of a college at the University of Delhi with the use of Diffusion of Innovation Theory.

Results:
There was a low consumption (<5 g/day) of nuts and oilseeds amongst 46% of participants with only 2.4% meeting the recommended intake (>30 g/day). Post-intervention, knowledge, attitude and most of the practices significantly improved (P < 0.05), with 11.3% consuming >30 g/day. Participants reached the decision phase of Diffusion of Innovation Theory favouring adoption, but only a few were implementing the recommended changes.

Conclusion:
There is a need to improve awareness and practice about nuts and oilseeds consumption in young college students.
COVID-19 Pandemic Challenges of Migrants and Vulnerable Population: Learnings for Future Epidemic Preparedness
Authors: Jha Ravi Ranjan , Jha Ajay Kumar , Shreshtha Samar , Rana Rishabh Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
During the COVID-19 pandemic-related lockdown, the migrant workers faced prejudice, fear and social exclusion, amongst other difficulties.

Materials and Methods:
Stratified random sampling was utilised to recruit 433 participants from an outpatient department screening clinic. Fear and knowledge of COVID-19 were measured with the Likert scale scores. The data were analysed using the Chi-square tests and logistic regression.
P
< 0.05 consirdered statistically significant.

Results:
Only 12.2% of participants possessed effective COVID-19 prevention knowledge. Working Professionals possessed superior knowledge to unskilled workers. Low knowledge scores and manual labour were associated with fear of COVID-19. For fear, the odds ratio (OR) was 5.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.35–11.51) and the adjusted OR (aOR) was 6. 8, 95% CI (2.7–17.2),
P
< 0.00.

Discussion:
Low levels of COVID-19 preventive knowledge indicate that the government’s Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaign was ineffective. This could be because the campaign did not reach enough individuals, or because the information was ambiguous. As a consequence, COVID-19 prevention myths and false information circulated, making it challenging for people to protect themselves.

Conclusion:
The targeted and efficient IEC campaigns are required to tackle infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics. Public health specialists as well as clinicians should be trained in these efforts.
Multimorbidity among Pregnant Women in India: National and State-level Burden and Socio-demographic Variations
Authors: Malla Sreeharshita , Agiwal Varun , Chaudhuri Sirshendu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
To estimate the national and state-level burden of multimorbidity in pregnancy in India and to assess the burden in different socio-demographic strata.

Methods:
The study utilised National Family Health Survey 5 data, focusing on pregnant women, and assessing eight morbidity conditions. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of at least two out of these conditions. Descriptive statistics were used to show the national and state wise burden of the condition and the distribution in different socio-demographic strata.

Results:
The authors analysed the data from 28,191 pregnancies, with participants having a mean age of 25.1 years (standard deviation 4.9 years). The prevalence of multimorbidity in pregnancy was found to be 13.7 per 1000 pregnant women, with notable regional variations. The North-Eastern states, such as Nagaland (67.3), Meghalaya (56.4), Mizoram (28.6) and Tripura (25.6), exhibited higher prevalence. Tribal population (23.9) and women in the poorest wealth index category (16.3) had higher prevalence.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of multimorbidity appears to be relatively low in the Indian context, although it is likely to be underestimated.
Epidemiology of Work Place Stress among Medical Educators in Pathanamthitta District, Kerala, India
Authors: Anil Hanna , Mohan Tisjy T. , Biju Feon , Saji Shalin , Gopal R. Krishna , Sebastian Shaliet R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To assess the prevalence of workplace stress and its correlates amongst medical educators in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala.

Materials and Methods:
A study was conducted amongst medical teachers of both genders, in the age group of 20–70 years, in Pathanamthitta district, Central Kerala, from June 2022 to December 2022.

Results:
About 7.2% and 4.5% of the study participants experienced severe and potentially dangerous levels of stress. Age group, excessive additional duty, lack of research and personal growth opportunities, work–home conflict and lack of self-motivation were some of the risk factors for workplace stress amongst study participants.

Conclusion:
Workplace stress is prevalent amongst medical educators. Many variables that have emerged as risk factors of academic procrastination amongst study participants are modifiable.
Curtailing the Environmental Impact of Waste Plastics through Re-use for Sustainable Paving Stone Manufacture in Kinshasa City
Authors: Weya M.A. , Tabu M.A. , Taba K. , Mesongolo L.C. , Musibono E.D. , Mbuyi K.H. , Biey M.E. 
Published: February 2024

In Kinshasa, attacks on the environment and human well-being continue to increase with the accumulation of thermoplastic waste (LDPE, HDPE and PET) mainly produced. Collected in unsanitary landfills, this waste pollutes the environment with all the consequences on health. This study makes it possible to reduce the socio-environmental impacts of thermoplastic waste by reusing them for the manufacture of paving stones for the sanitation of Kinshasa. Specifically, it initiates the collection of thermoplastic waste, recycling techniques for the production of paving stones and raising awareness among Citizens and Decision-Makers of the importance of their management. Thus, a survey questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1276 households. The proportions of materials used to obtain the resistant paving stones are: 60% fine sand, 35% LDPE and HDPE and 5% PET. Melted at 200°C, the thermoplastics are mixed with sand until a homogeneous paste is obtained to be poured into moulds prearranged on a metal table. The consolidated pavers are removed from the mould after 45 minutes using a hammer. The results obtained show that 4% of households manage their waste better and that 96% contribute to plastic pollution. 87.1% of households denounce the harmful effects of thermoplastics on the environment and point out the clogging of gutters (28.4%), the pollution of space (25%) and the pollution of rivers (16.5%). Twenty-two pavers with an average weight of 1953.33 ± 6.22 gr are manufactured. The weight loss of the materials is 14.2% (7.1 kg). The compressive strength of the pavers is 32.74 ± 0.94 N/mm². In short, reducing the socio-environmental impacts of thermoplastic waste in Kinshasa is complex and requires a multidimensional approach with the efforts of all stakeholders.