bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional connectivity between tumor region and resting-state networks as imaging biomarker for overall survival in recurrent gliomas diagnosed by FET PET
Authors: Friedrich Michel , Werner Jan-Michael , Steinbach Joachim P , Sabel Michael , Herrlinger Ulrich , Piroth Marc , Stoffels Gabriele , Filss Christian P , Lohmann Philipp , Shah Nadim J , Ruge Maximilian I , Mottaghy Felix M , Goldbrunner Roland , Langen Karl-Josef , Fink Gereon R , Kocher Martin , Galldiks Norbert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Amino acid PET using the tracer O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) is one of the most reliable imaging methods for detecting glioma recurrence. Here, we hypothesized that functional MR connectivity between the metabolic active recurrent tumor region and resting-state networks of the brain could serve as a prognostic imaging biomarker for overall survival (OS).

Methods
The study included 82 patients (26-81 years; median ECOG performance score, 0) with recurrent gliomas following therapy (WHO-CNS 2021 grade 4 glioblastoma, n=57; grade 3 or 4 astrocytoma, n=12; grade 2 or 3 oligodendroglioma, n=13) diagnosed by FET PET simultaneously acquired with functional resting-state MR. Functional connectivity (FC) was assessed between tumor regions and seven canonical resting-state networks.

Results
WHO tumor grade and IDH mutation status were strong predictors of OS after recurrence (p&lt;0.001). Overall FC between tumor regions and networks was highest in oligodendrogliomas and was inversely related to tumor grade (p=0.031). FC between the tumor region and the dorsal attention network was associated with longer OS (HR, 0.88; 95%CI, 0.80-0.97; p=0.007), and showed an independent association with OS (HR, 0.90; 95%CI, 0.81-0.99; p=0.033) in a model including clinical factors, tumor volume and MGMT. In the glioblastoma subgroup, tumor volume and FC between tumor and the visual network (HR, 0.90; 95%CI, 0.82-0.99, p=0.031) were independent predictors of survival.

Conclusion
Recurrent gliomas exhibit significant FC to resting-state networks of the brain. Besides tumor type and grade, high FC between the tumor and distinct networks could serve as independent prognostic factors for improved OS in these patients.
Sex-Specific Difference in Treatment Success/Failure after Vestibular Schwannoma Treatment
Authors: Wang Sophie Shih-Yüng , Horstmann Gerhard , Renovanz Mirjam , van Eck Albertus , Tatagiba Marcos , Naros Georgios 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Sex-related differences in patients with sporadic, unilateral vestibular schwannoma (VS) are poorly investigated so far and it remains unclear whether biological sex affects the treatment response to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or microsurgical resection (SURGERY). This study elucidates sex-related differences in treatment outcome of VS.

Methods
This is a retrospective two-center cohort study. All consecutive patients treated for their VS between 2005 und 2012 were included. Previously treated VS and patients with Neurofibromatosis were excluded. Clinical status and treatment-related complications were analyzed from centers’ treatment registries. Recurrence/progression-free-survival was assessed radiographically by contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Results
Within the entire patient cohort of N=1,118, the majority of VS patients (56%) was female. 62% of patients were treated by SRS. Females with very small tumors (KOOS I) were significantly less likely to be assigned to SURGERY than men (p=.009). Mean follow-up time was 6±4.3 years. In SURGERY, the rate of subtotal resection was significantly higher in women (7%) compared to men (2%) (p=.041). However, there was no difference in long-term tumor control after SURGERY between both sexes (p=.729). In SRS, the incidence of recurrence was significantly higher in women (14%) compared to men (8%) (p=.004), which was also reflected in the Kaplan-Meier-Analysis (p=.031).

Conclusions
Female sex was a negative prognostic factor for treatment success (long-term tumor control) if treated with SRS – there was no sex-related differences in long-term tumor control after SURGERY. Additional research is needed to elucidate sex-related differences in tumor biology affecting the response to VS treatment.
Targeting Ketone Body Metabolism Improves Cardiac Function and Hemodynamics in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lv Tingting , Liu Chunyan , Guo Shitian , Wu Menglu , Wang Xiang , Zhang Ziyi , Zhou Jiedong , Yao Yiying , Shen Zeyu , Yang Juntao , Sun Shijia , Liu Zheng , Chi Jufang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
The impacts of elevated ketone body levels on cardiac function and hemodynamics in patients with heart failure (HF) remain unclear.

Objective
The effects of ketone intervention on these parameters in patients with HF were evaluated quantitatively in this meta-analysis.

Data Sources
We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for relevant studies published from inception to April 13, 2024. Ketone therapy included ketone ester and β-hydroxybutyrate intervention.

Data Extraction
Seven human studies were included for the quantitative analysis.

Data Analysis
Our results showed that ketone therapy significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (standardized mean difference, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.25-0.80]; I2 = 0%), cardiac output (0.84 [95% CI, 0.36-1.32]; I2 = 68%) and stroke volume (0.47 [95% CI, 0.10-0.84]; I2 = 39%), and significantly reduced systemic vascular resistance (–0.92 [95% CI, –1.52 to –0.33]; I2 = 74%) without influencing mean arterial pressure (–0.09 [95% CI: –0.40 to 0.22]; I2 = 0%) in patients with HF. Subgroup analysis revealed that the enhanced cardiac function and favorable hemodynamic effects of ketone therapy were also applicable to individuals without HF.

Conclusions
Ketone therapy may significantly improve cardiac systolic function and hemodynamics in patients with HF and in patients without HF, suggesting it may be a promising treatment for patients with HF and also a beneficial medical strategy for patients without HF or healthy individuals.
Disproportionate Vulnerability to and Unique Aggregation Pattern of Non-AIDS Comorbidities Among Women With HIV in China
Authors: Chen Xiaoxiao , Guo Congcong , Wang Tingting , Shen Weiwei , Wang Shanling , Wang Yating , Chen Tailin , Wang Miaochen , Lin Haijiang , He Na 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Whether and how sex plays differential roles in aging-related multimorbidity among people with HIV (PWH) is poorly characterized.

Methods
We included 2479 PWH and 5376 people without HIV from the baseline assessment of the CHART cohort (Comparative HIV and Aging Research in Taizhou). Ten non-AIDS comorbidities were investigated. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the correlates of multimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of ≥2 non-AIDS comorbidities. Multimorbidity patterns were identified through hierarchical cluster analysis.

Results
The prevalence of multimorbidity was higher in PWH than in people without HIV (74.6% vs 66.9%, P &lt; .001). This difference was particularly pronounced in women in each age group from 18 through 59 years and among men in each age group from 18 through 49 years. A significant interaction between sex and HIV on multimorbidity was identified (P &lt; .001), with the strength of the association between HIV infection and multimorbidity being stronger in women than in men. Women with HIV presented a unique aggregation pattern of multimorbidity, where neuropsychiatric disorders (depression, neurocognitive impairment) clustered with cardiometabolic diseases. In contrast, all men and women without HIV manifested a similar multimorbidity pattern, where depression and neurocognitive impairment were clustered with hematologic abnormalities but not with cardiometabolic diseases.

Conclusions
Earlier onset and higher burden of multimorbidity in PWH, as well as disproportionate vulnerability to and a unique multimorbidity pattern among women with HIV, underscore the urgent need for early and sexually oriented integrative interventions and health services targeting multimorbidity in PWH.
Metrology Requirements for the Integrated Luminosity Measurement Using Small-Angle Bhabha Scattering at ILC
Authors: Smiljanić Ivan , Božović Ivanka , Kačarević Goran , Radulović Mirko , Stevanović Jasna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Precision measurement of the integrated luminosity $\mathcal {L}$ at future Higgs factories, including the International Linear Collider (ILC), is of crucial importance for the cross-section measurements, and in particular for the line-shape measurements at the Z-pole. Since there is no up-to-date estimate of the integrated luminosity uncertainties arising from metrology effects at ILC, here we review the metrology requirements for the targeted precision of $\mathcal {L}$ at foreseen ILC center-of-mass energies: 91.2 GeV, 250 GeV, 500 GeV and 1 TeV, using small-angle Bhabha scattering.
The role of circular RNAs in autoimmune diseases: Potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors: Li Xin’ai , Wang Junhui , Wang Peng , Qi Shuo , Amalraj Jeremiah , Zhou Jingwei , Ding Zhiguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWith the emergence of high‐quality sequencing technologies, further research on transcriptomes has become possible. Circular RNA (circRNA), a novel type of endogenous RNA molecule with a covalently closed circular structure through “back‐splicing,” is reported to be widely present in eukaryotic cells and participates mainly in regulating gene and protein expression in various ways. It is becoming a research hotspot in the non‐coding RNA field. CircRNA shows close relation to several varieties of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) in both the physiological and pathological level and could potentially be used clinically in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Here, we focus on reviewing the importance of circRNA in various AIDs, with the aim of establishing new biomarkers and providing novel insights into understanding the role and functions of circRNA in AIDs. Specific signaling pathways of how circular RNAs are regulated in AIDs will also be illustrated in this review.
Cell therapy: A beacon of hope in the battle against pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wan Ruyan , Liu Yanli , Yan Jingwen , Lin Juntang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by abnormal activation of myofibroblasts and pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix, with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Lung transplantation is currently the only approach that can extend the life expectancy of patients; however, its applicability is severely restricted due to donor shortages and patient‐specific limitations. Therefore, the search for novel therapeutic strategies is imperative. In recent years, stem cells have shown great promise in the field of regenerative medicine due to their self‐renewal capacity and multidirectional differentiation potential, and a growing body of literature supports the efficacy of stem cell therapy in PF treatment. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress of various stem cell types in the treatment of PF. Furthermore, it discusses the primary methods and clinical outcomes of stem cell therapy in PF, based on both preclinical and clinical data. Finally, the current challenges and key factors to consider in stem cell therapy for PF are objectively analyzed, and future directions for improving this therapy are proposed, providing new insights and references for the clinical treatment of PF patients.
Polydipsia Induced Acute Angle-Closure Crisis
Authors: Maheshwari Akash , Laylani Noor , Siliezar Pamela Davila , Lee Andrew G. 
Published: January 2025

We present a case of Acute Angle-Closure Crisis (AACC) precipitated by primary transient psychogenic polydipsia; we believe that our case is the first of its kind to be reported. A 74-year-old male presented to the emergency department with altered mental status due to acute-onset hyponatremia. Six days after admission, the patient noticed painful loss of vision in his right eye and an ipsilateral headache lasting 10-15 minutes. Upon follow-up with his primary care physician several days later, a fixed, dilated right pupil was noted. On ophthalmologic evaluation in the ER the next day, the patient was found to have markedly elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) at 47 mm Hg in the right eye. He started topical brimonidine, dorzolamide 2%/timolol 0.5%, and latanoprost, and underwent phacoemulsification with placement of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) in the right eye. Several mechanisms of polydipsia induced AACC are proposed including choroidal expansion, increased sympathetic α-adrenergic tone, or differences in osmotic potential forces.
Sex Differences in Textbook Outcomes among Adults Undergoing Elective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Filiberto Amanda C , Banks C Adam , Sickels Angela , Novak Zdenek , Beck Adam W 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Female patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) undergoing repair have worse outcomes than males. Textbook outcomes (TO) have been described as a metric to direct quality improvement efforts and assess institutional performance. We investigated sex differences among patients achieving a TO after open (OAR) and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Study design:
Vascular Quality Initiative registry data from 80,948 patients undergoing elective AAA repair was reviewed. TO was defined as absence of major medical/surgical complication, prolonged postoperative length of stay (based on 75th percentile of the cohort), reintervention, or mortality and non-home discharge. EVAR and OAR cohorts were analyzed separately, stratified by TO and sex, and compared based on patient demographics, outcomes, and one-year survival.

Results:
More males had a TO compared to females (EVAR: 80% vs 67%; OAR: 54% vs 47%, p<0.001, respectively). Obstacles for achieving TO for females were prolonged POLOS, surgical complications, and non-home discharge. TO was associated with improved one-year survival in EVAR and OAR. High volume center status (based on case volume quartiles) was not associated with TO for EVAR but was associated with TO for males undergoing OAR.

Conclusions:
Females are less likely to achieve a TO regardless of surgical approach and have a lower one-year survival than males when they do not. Importantly, when females do achieve a TO, there are no sex differences in one-year survival. TO is as a patient- centered quality standard and provides objective support for patient-provider decision- making and expectations and may serve as a quality metric that should be implemented to mitigate sex disparities. Further investigation utilizing multi-level modeling to examine patient, provider, and facility variables that impact TO is warranted.
A HOSPITAL BASED OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON HIV-TB COINFECTION
Authors: Soni Akansha , Venkatesh Vimala , Jain Parul , JAIN AMITA , HIMANSHU D , GUPTA NEETU , TANDON RITU 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the major cause of failure to reach targets of tuberculosis (TB) control in settings with high HIV load. TB on the other hand enhances the progression of HIV infection to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
METHODOLOGY:
An observational study was conducted in which 573 patients who were newly diagnosed with HIV infection and enrolled at an antiretroviral therapy (ART) center, King Georges Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow between May 2021 to June 2022 were taken, of which 80 patients had newly diagnosed TB. These HIV-TB co-infected patients were analyzed for demographic factors. Also, clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts were done at the time of enrolment on ART and then about six to eight months later. For comparison, of the 493 HIV-only patients, 50 age and sex-matched consecutive patients for whom both the baseline and follow-up CD4 counts were available and were not investigated for tuberculosis during the study period were enrolled as controls. The change from baseline CD4 count was calculated with the use of paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test.
RESULTS :
In the present study, among HIV-TB coinfected patients, baseline CD4 levels were 194.52±162.27, and follow-up CD4 levels were 285.09±170.33. An increment of 90.57±165.60 in mean CD4 levels was observed which was statistically significant(t=4.019; p<0.001 ). Likewise, in only HIV-positive patients a statistically significant increment of 125.26±191.48 (35.75%) cells in mean CD4 levels was observed (t=4.626; p<0.001).
CONCLUSION :
A significant rise in CD4 counts was observed in both HIV-TB coinfected patients started on ART plus anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) and HIV-only patients started on ART. Still, the rise is significantly higher among the HIV-only group as compared to the HIV-TB co-positive group.
Deletion of PIEZO1 in adult cardiomyocytes accelerates cardiac aging and causes premature death
Authors: Yu Ze-Yan , Guo Yang , Kesteven Scott , Cheng Delfine , Lei Hanzhou , Wu Jianxin , Nadar Evelyn , Macdonald Peter , Xaymardan Munira , Cox Charles D. , Feneley Michael P. , Martinac Boris 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMechanosensitive PIEZO1 channels have emerged as key transducers of mechanical forces in the cardiovascular system. In cardiomyocytes, we previously showed that PIEZO1 decodes mechanical cues driving pressure-overload induced hypertrophy. However, conflicting reports exist on the influence of PIEZO1 on baseline cardiac function. Here we show that conditional deletion ofPiezo1from cardiomyocytes in adult mice results in premature mortality. The hearts from these mice exhibited signs of accelerated aging, including elevated markers of the senescence associated secretory phenotype, with significant blunting of the normal cardiac hypertrophic response to aging, associated with a reduction in the activation of the pro-hypertrophic Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Functionally, aged-Piezo1KO mice exhibited impaired cardiac relaxation due to altered cellular Ca2+handling kinetics. Young adultPiezo1KO mice exhibited a normal resting heart rate but developed significant progressive sinus bradycardia and cardiac fibrotic remodelling with aging, which was most prominent in the right atrium, wherePiezo1expression is highest in the healthy heart. Mechanistically, loss of PIEZO1 was associated with a marked reduction in the anti-fibrotic molecule, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Moreover,in vivo,ANP release instigated by atrial stretch was markedly blunted in conditionalPiezo1KO mice, providing a plausible and long sought-after mechanism for the link between mechanical stretch and ANP release. Taken together, our data show that PIEZO1 is a crucial homeostatic molecule during cardiac aging, enabling adaptation to an aging tissue microenvironment.
The two-process model: How simple, complex, unique is it from a mathematical perspective?
Authors: Skeldon Anne C. , Dijk Derk-Jan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe two-process model (2pm) of sleep regulation is not only a conceptual framework but consists of mathematical equations that have meaning and structure. Despite the apparent simplicity of its graphical representation, the mathematical structure of the 2pm is complex and falls within the wider class of coupled oscillator models. The structure of the 2pm is very similar to models that have been used to capture other physiological phenomena such as cardiac arrhythmias, breathing and the integrate-and-fire behaviour of neurons. The 2pm is also intimately related to neuronal mutual inhibition models for the alternation between sleep and wake. Here we discuss how the relationship between neuronal models of sleep regulation and the 2pm model provides new insights into the physiological interpretation of the circadian thresholds of the 2pm and parameter values. We analyse the mathematical structure of the 2pm and how this structure relates to sleep patterns observed in the absence of 24-h time cues, in different species and in early childhood. We discuss how extending the 2pm to include a light-circadian pacemaker process allows for quantitative modelling of the effects of artificial light on sleep duration and sleep timing relative to the 24 hour day. Overall, we highlight how understanding the mathematical structure of the 2pm and its extensions provides alternative, not immediately intuitive, perspectives on the drivers of sleep phenotypes. We show that changes in sleep timing and the phase relationship between sleep and circadian rhythms may occur not only as a result of changes in the circadian pacemaker but also as a result of changes in sleep homeostasis, neuronal processes associated with excitability or the light environment. Analysis of the mathematical structure of the 2pm brings the opportunity to quantitatively predict the effect of interventions to support sleep and circadian alignment in individuals of all ages, including those with neurodegenerative disorders.
StrPhaser constructs tandem repeat alleles from VCF data
Authors: Wang Xuewen , King Jonathan , Meng Huang , Coble Michael D. , Woerner August E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractVariant calling is a ubiquitous genomic technique that underpins many scientific disciplines. From a computational perspective, variant calling is a form of logical compression; neglecting large variation, a person’s genome can be losslessly described as a set of differences (SNP and small InDel alleles) relative to the reference sequence. Another common genomic technique is haplotype phasing, wherein alleles are partitioned into their paternal and maternal components (as haplotypes). Some classes of alleles are more difficult to describe than others, e.g., short tandem repeats (STRs). STRs serve as a critical marker for many genetic assays. However, STRs tend not to be explicitly reported in most genomic workflows. Here, we present StrPhaser, a novel algorithm that leverages phased variant calling datasets in the VCF file format to construct STR alleles. We evaluated StrPhaser on ∼10,000 STR alleles from 284 human genomes, achieving an average allele accuracy of 91%. In addition, StrPhaser better recovers longer STR alleles than competing approaches; in principle, STR alleles that are longer than the maximum read length can be characterized. This capability, combined with its user-friendly interface, speed, and generation of both STR genotypes and visualizations, makes StrPhaser a valuable tool for a wide range of genomic studies.AvailabilityThe StrPhaser is publicly available athttps://github.com/XuewenWangUGA/StrPhaser.