bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxygen reduction performance study of Fe/Ni doped PAAM/Agar double net hydrogel carbon materials
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Maimaitiyiming Xieraili , Kuerban Zaituniguli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe electrocatalytic performance plays a pivotal role in the widespread adoption of DMFCs. Hence, it is imperative to develop electrocatalysts with superior performance for oxygen reduction reactions. In this study, carbon materials doped with Fe and Ni were synthesized. The characterization results revealed that the morphology, pore size, pore capacity, and BET of the catalysts varied with different doping elements, thereby affecting their performance. Linear Scan Voltammetry demonstrated that the doped samples (Ni−NC, Fe−NC, Fe−Ni−NC) exhibited varying degrees of enhancement in ORR activity compared to the undoped NC samples containing only Fe and Ni. Among them, the Fe−Ni−NC catalyst showed remarkable methanol tolerance (67.3 %) and a lower Tafel slope (93.24 mV dec−1) in comparison to the Pt/C catalyst (47.9 %). Moreover, RRDE measurements indicated a 3.31 % H2O2 yield and n of 3.93 for Fe−Ni−NC. Additionally, in DMFC tests conducted at 20 and 50 °C, Fe−Ni−NC approached the performance of the Pt/C catalyst cathode.
Silver molybdate (Ag‐PMo12) nanocomposite: An efficient catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of 3,3‐diindolyl derivatives in aqueous medium
Authors: Gaware Sujeet , Kamble Omkar , Chatterjee Rana , Kotkondawar Abhay Vijay , Dandela Rambabu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn efficient methodology has been developed for the synthesis of 3,3‐di(indolyl)oxindoles and bis(indolyl)methanes under mild conditions. The efficient condensation reaction of indoles with isatin and aldehyde led to the corresponding derivatives in the presence of silver molybdate (Ag‐PMo12) nanocomposite and aqueous medium. In addition, the silver‐doped catalytic system enables the one‐pot formation of diindolyl derivatives with excellent yields, short reaction times and under environmental benign conditions.
A Multienzyme Cascade Pathway Immobilized in a Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework for the Conversion of CO2
Authors: Pei Rui , Liu Jing , Jing Chuanyong , Zhang Min 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe reduction of carbon dioxide to valuable chemicals through enzymatic processes is regarded as a promising approach for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. In this study, an in vitro multi‐enzyme cascade pathway is constructed for the conversion of CO2 into dihydroxyacetone (DHA). This pathway, known as FFFP, comprises formate dehydrogenase (FDH), formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FaldDH), formolase (FLS), and phosphite dehydrogenase (PTDH), with PTDH serving as the critical catalyst for regenerating the coenzyme NADH. Subsequently, the immobilization of the FFFP pathway within the hydrogen‐bonded organic framework (HOF‐101) is accomplished in situ. A 1.8‐fold increase in DHA yield is observed in FFFP@HOF‐101 compared to the free FFFP pathway. This enhancement can be explained by the fact that within FFFP@HOF‐101, enzymes are positioned sufficiently close to one another, leading to the elevation of the local concentration of intermediates and an improvement in mass transfer efficiency. Moreover, FFFP@HOF‐101 displays a high degree of stability. In addition to the establishment of an effective DHA production method, innovative concepts for the tailored synthesis of fine compounds from CO2 through the utilization of various multi‐enzyme cascade developments are generated by this work.
Drug‐Loaded Nanogel for Efficient Orchestration of Cell Death Pathways by Intramitochondrial Disulfide Polymerization
Authors: Choi Eun Seong , Kim Sangpil , Kim Dohyun , Choi Eunshil , Ryu Ja‐Hyoung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChemotherapy using a nanoscaled drug delivery system is an effective cancer therapy, but its high drug concentration often causes drug resistance in cancer cells and normal cell damage. Combination therapy involving two or more different cell signaling pathways can be a powerful tool to overcome the limitations of chemotherapy. Herein, this article presents nanogel (NG)‐mediated co‐delivery of a chemodrug camptothecin (CPT) and mitochondria‐targeting monomer (MT monomer) for efficient activation of two modes of the programmed cell death pathway (apoptosis and necroptosis) and synergistic enhancement of cancer therapy. CPT and the monomer are incorporated together into the redox‐degradable polymeric NGs for release in response to the intracellular glutathione. The MT monomer is shown to undergo reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐triggered disulfide polymerization inside the cancerous mitochondria in cooperation with the chemotherapeutic CPT elevating the intracellular ROS level. The CPT/monomer interconnection in cell death mechanisms for mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced cell death is evidenced by a series of cell analyses showing ROS generation, mitochondria damage, impacts on (non)cancerous or drug‐resistant cells, and cell death modes. The presented work provides beneficial insights for utilizing combination therapy to facilitate a desired cell death mechanism and developing a novel nanosystem for more efficacious cancer treatment.
Two-loop radiative corrections to e+e− → γγ∗ cross section
Authors: Fadin V. S. , Lee R. N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The increasing accuracy of current and planned experiments to measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon requires more precision and reliability of its theoretical calculation. For this purpose, we calculate the differential cross section for the process of annihilation of an electron-positron pair into two photons, one of which is virtual, accompanied by the emission of soft photons, taking into account radiative corrections of the order α2. The results obtained can be used to improve the accuracy of calculating the contribution of the hadron vacuum polarization to the muon anomalous moment. It is shown that all logarithmically amplified two-loop corrections can be easily found using modern theorems of soft and collinear factorizations and available one-loop results.
Methods for determining cycles of a specific length in undirected graphs with edge weights
Authors: Lewis R. , Corcoran P. , Gagarin A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the $${{\mathcal{N}\mathcal{P}}}$$

N
P

-hard problem of determining fixed-length cycles in undirected edge-weighted graphs. Two solution methods are proposed, one based on integer programming (IP) and one that uses bespoke local search operators. These methods are executed under a common algorithmic framework that seeks to partition problem instances into a series of smaller sub-problems. Large-scale empirical tests indicate that the local search algorithm is generally preferable to IP, even with short run times. However, it can still produce suboptimal solutions, even with relatively small graphs.
Community advisory board members’ perspectives on their contributions to a large multistate cluster RCT: a mixed methods study
Authors: Bosak Julie , Drainoni Mari-Lynn , Christopher Mia , Medley Bethany , Rodriguez Sandra , Bell Sydney , Kim Erin , Stotz Caroline , Hamilton Greer , Bigsby Carol , Gillen Faizah , Kimball Jennifer , McClay Craig , Powers Kim , Walt Galya , Battaglia Tracy , Chassler Deborah , Sprague Martinez Linda , Lunze Karsten 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Community advisory boards (CABs) are an established approach to ensuring research reflects community priorities. This paper examines two CABs that are part of the HEALing Communities Study which aims to reduce overdose mortality. This analysis aimed to understand CAB members’ expectations, experiences, and perspectives on CAB structure, communication, facilitation, and effectiveness during the first year of an almost fully remote CAB implementation. Current literature exploring these perspectives is limited.

Methods:
We collected qualitative and survey data simultaneously from members (n = 53) of two sites’ CABs in the first 9 months of CAB development. The survey assessed trust, communication, and relations; we also conducted 32 semi-structured interviews. We analyzed the survey results descriptively. The qualitative data were analyzed using a deductive codebook based on the RE-AIM PRISM framework. Themes were drawn from the combined qualitative data and triangulated with survey results to further enrich the findings.

Results:
CAB members expressed strong commitment to overall study goals and valued the representation of occupational sectors. The qualitative data described a dissonance between CAB members’ commitment to the mission and unmet expectations for influencing the study within an advisory role. Survey results indicated lower satisfaction with the research teams’ ability to create a mutually beneficial process, clear communication, and sharing of power.

Conclusion:
Building a CAB on a remote platform, within a study utilizing a community engagement strategy, still presents challenges to fully realizing the potential of a CAB. These findings can inform more effective operationalizing of community-engaged research through enhanced CAB engagement.
Bulla Regia II: Excavations in the Christian cemetery
Authors: Fenwick Corisande , Chaouali Moheddine , Alexander Michelle , Booms Dirk , Cox Samantha L. , Di Muro Alice , Höpken Constanze , Hopkinson Guy , Möller Heike , Nikita Efthymia , Radini Anita , Ray Nicholas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper reports the preliminary results from three seasons of excavations in the Christian cemetery by the Tunisian-British Bulla Regia Archaeological Project. In 2017–2019, excavations in, and around, the Late Antique church in the western cemetery uncovered a complex funerary landscape with a variety of different tomb types, including mosaic caisson tombs, simple masonry tombs, amphora tombs, and earthen graves and multiple funerary mensae. The mosaics, inscriptions and finds (ceramics, glass, coins) studied in 2022 support a fourth to seventh century date for the main period of use of the cemetery.
Association of cortical gyrification, white matter microstructure, and phenotypic profile in medication-naïve obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Li Jianyu , Cheng Jian , Yang Lei , Niu Qihui , Zhang Yuanchao , Palaniyappan Lena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is thought to arise from dysconnectivity among interlinked brain regions resulting in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Cortical gyrification, a key morphological feature of human cerebral cortex, has been considered associated with developmental connectivity in early life. Monitoring cortical gyrification alterations may provide new insights into the developmental pathogenesis of OCD.MethodsSixty-two medication-naive patients with OCD and 59 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. Local gyrification index (LGI) was extracted from T1-weighted MRI data to identify the gyrification changes in OCD. Total distortion (splay, bend, or twist of fibers) was calculated using diffusion-weighted MRI data to examine the changes in white matter microstructure in patients with OCD.ResultsCompared with HCs, patients with OCD showed significantly increased LGI in bilateral medial frontal gyrus and the right precuneus, where the mean LGI was positively correlated with anxiety score. Patients with OCD also showed significantly decreased total distortion in the body, genu, and splenium of the corpus callosum (CC), where the average distortion was negatively correlated with anxiety scores. Intriguingly, the mean LGI of the affected cortical regions was significantly correlated with the mean distortion of the affected white matter tracts in patients with OCD.ConclusionsWe demonstrated associations among increased LGI, aberrant white matter geometry, and higher anxiety in patients with OCD. Our findings indicate that developmental dysconnectivity-driven alterations in cortical folding are one of the neural substrates underlying the clinical manifestations of OCD.
Neural effects differ for learning highly iconic versus non-iconic signs in hearing adults
Authors: Akers Emily M. , Midgley Katherine J. , Holcomb Phillip J. , Meade Gabriela , Emmorey Karen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLittle is known about the neural changes that accompany sign language learning by hearing adults. We used ERPs and a word-sign matching task to assess how learning impacted the N400 priming effect (reduced negativity for translations compared to unrelated trials). English monolinguals (N = 32) learned 100 ASL signs – half highly iconic (meaning was guessable), half non-iconic. In contrast to non-iconic signs, little learning was needed for the highly iconic signs as translation accuracy was similar pre- and post-learning. Prior to learning, an N400 priming effect was observed only for iconic signs. After learning, the size of the priming effect increased for non-iconic signs (replicating word learning studies) but decreased for iconic signs. For deaf ASL signers (N = 20), iconicity did not modulate the size of the N400 priming effect. We conclude that the impact of iconicity on lexico-semantic processing is reduced following learning, as signs are integrated into an emerging visual-manual lexicon.
Drug resistance and vaccine target surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum using nanopore sequencing in Ghana
Authors: Girgis Sophia T. , Adika Edem , Nenyewodey Felix E. , Senoo Jnr Dodzi K. , Ngoi Joyce M. , Bandoh Kukua , Lorenz Oliver , van de Steeg Guus , Harrott Alexandria J. R. , Nsoh Sebastian , Judge Kim , Pearson Richard D. , Almagro-Garcia Jacob , Saiid Samirah , Atampah Solomon , Amoako Enock K. , Morang’a Collins M. , Asoala Victor , Adjei Elrmion S. , Burden William , Roberts-Sengier William , Drury Eleanor , Pierce Megan L. , Gonçalves Sónia , Awandare Gordon A. , Kwiatkowski Dominic P. , Amenga-Etego Lucas N. , Hamilton William L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMalaria results in over 600,000 deaths annually, with the highest burden of deaths in young children living in sub-Saharan Africa. Molecular surveillance can provide important information for malaria control policies, including detection of antimalarial drug resistance. However, genome sequencing capacity in malaria-endemic countries is limited. We designed and implemented an end-to-end workflow to detect Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial resistance markers and diversity in the vaccine target circumsporozoite protein (csp) using nanopore sequencing in Ghana. We analysed 196 clinical samples and showed that our method is rapid, robust, accurate and straightforward to implement. Importantly, our method could be applied to dried blood spot samples, which are readily collected in endemic settings. We report that P. falciparum parasites in Ghana are mostly susceptible to chloroquine, with persistent sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance and no evidence of artemisinin resistance. Multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in csp, but their significance is uncertain. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of nanopore sequencing for malaria genomic surveillance in endemic countries.
Proteomic association with age-dependent sex differences in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in healthy Thai subjects
Authors: Chen Chen , Khanthiyong Bupachad , Thaweetee-Sukjai Benjamard , Charoenlappanit Sawanya , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Thanoi Samur , Reynolds Gavin P. , Nudmamud-Thanoi Sutisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSex differences in cognitive function exist, but they are not stable and undergo dynamic change during the lifespan. However, our understanding of how sex-related neural information transmission evolves with age is still in its infancy. This study utilized the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the label-free proteomics method with bioinformatic analysis to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related sex differences in cognitive performance in 199 healthy Thai subjects (aged 20–70 years), as well as explore the sex-dependent protein complexes for predicting cognitive aging. The results showed that males outperformed females in two of the five WCST sub-scores: %Corrects and %Errors. Sex differences in these scores were related to aging, becoming noticeable in those over 60. At the molecular level, differently expressed individual proteins and protein complexes between both sexes are associated with the potential N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated excitotoxicity, with the NMDAR complex being enriched exclusively in elderly female samples. These findings provided a preliminary indication that healthy Thai females might be more susceptible to such neurotoxicity, as evidenced by their cognitive performance. NMDAR protein complex enrichment in serum could be proposed as a potential indication for predicting cognitive aging in healthy Thai females.
Interpretable unsupervised learning enables accurate clustering with high-throughput imaging flow cytometry
Authors: Zhang Zunming , Chen Xinyu , Tang Rui , Zhu Yuxuan , Guo Han , Qu Yunjia , Xie Pengtao , Lian Ian Y. , Wang Yingxiao , Lo Yu-Hwa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA primary challenge of high-throughput imaging flow cytometry (IFC) is to analyze the vast amount of imaging data, especially in applications where ground truth labels are unavailable or hard to obtain. We present an unsupervised deep embedding algorithm, the Deep Convolutional Autoencoder-based Clustering (DCAEC) model, to cluster label-free IFC images without any prior knowledge of input labels. The DCAEC model first encodes the input images into the latent representations and then clusters based on the latent representations. Using the DCAEC model, we achieve a balanced accuracy of 91.9% for human white blood cell (WBC) clustering and 97.9% for WBC/leukemia clustering using the 3D IFC images and 3D DCAEC model. Above all, although no human recognizable features can separate the clusters of cells with protein localization, we demonstrate the fused DCAEC model can achieve a cluster balanced accuracy of 85.3% from the label-free 2D transmission and 3D side scattering images. To reveal how the neural network recognizes features beyond human ability, we use the gradient-weighted class activation mapping method to discover the cluster-specific visual patterns automatically. Evaluation results show that the automatically identified salient image regions have strong cluster-specific visual patterns for different clusters, which we believe is a stride for the interpretable neural network for cell analysis with high-throughput IFCs.
Government digital policy breaks the mystery of “limited participation” in China's home finance market
Authors: Xing Lu , Han DongHao , Xie Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study uses a two-step approach to construct a multi-period double-difference model and introduces a quasi-natural experiment of the Broadband China pilot policy to investigate whether household financial market participation at the urban level is affected by the digital economy, which is significant for promoting Chinese households' shift from savings to investment and alleviating the long-standing problem of insufficient household financial market participation in China. In terms of direct impact, the digital economy increases the household financial market participation rate of urban residents by 3.26%, and increases the financial market participation rate of highly financially literate households by 2.14%; in terms of indirect impact, the development of the digital economy increases the total number of household smart Internet devices by 8.27%, and similarly increases the attention to household financial information by a significant 4.22%, which further positively influences the household financial market participation rate. This paper also evaluates the individual and regional differences of the digital economy on household financial market participation, and the estimated causal effect of the digital economy on household financial market participation is purer, which expands the scope of research on the digital economy and household financial market participation, and provides a certain reference basis and policy inspiration for the government to promote the construction of the digital economy.
Resolve integer ambiguity based on the global deep grid-based algorithms
Authors: Zhi Gang , Shi Junpeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGrid theory is rather commonly-used through out the research of integer ambiguity. In order to promote the efficiency of computation, it is of great necessity to reduce the correlations of the grid basis through the reduction. The classical reduction algorithm is known as the LLL (Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász) algorithm. So as to further enhance the reduction effect, the deep-insertion LLL algorithm can be utilized as an alternative to the basis vector exchange algorithm. In practice, the deep-insertion LLL algorithm can achieve a better reduction effect, but it requires more time for reduction. The PotLLL algorithm replaces the basis vector exchange condition of deep-insertion LLL with an improving in the basis quality, and it can run in polynomial time, but with certain limitations. Therefore, this article proposes a global deep-insertion PLLL algorithm (GS-PLLL) to address the issue of integer ambiguity. GS-PLLL adopts a global strategy for deep-insertion processing, and introduces a rotation sorting method for preconditioning the grid basis. Comparative evaluations were conducted using simulation experiments and real-world measurements on the LLL, DeepLLL, PotLLL, and GS-PLLL algorithms. The experimental results indicate that the GS-PLLL algorithm achieves a better reduction effect than the PotLLL algorithm while improving the efficiency of reduction.
Pt(PPh3)4 and Pt(PPh3)4@IL catalyzed hydroboration of ketones
Authors: Krupa Barbara , Szyling Jakub , Walkowiak Jędrzej 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn efficient method for the reduction of various ketones via [Pt(PPh3)4]-catalyzed hydroboration with HBpin has been successfully developed for the first time. The protocol is suitable for symmetrical and unsymmetrical derivatives possessing electron donating or withdrawing functional groups. O-borylated products were easily converted to 2° alcohols via hydrolysis with high isolated yields. According to the low-temperature NMR spectroscopy, a reaction mechanism was proposed. Additionally, effective immobilization of the catalyst in the ionic liquid [BMIM][NTf2] was applied to increase the productivity of the process by carrying out reactions under the repetitive batch mode, obtaining higher TON values and limiting the amount of expensive Pt used. The catalyst stability and almost neglectable leaching were confirmed by ICP-MS analysis of the extracted mixture. A simple separation method via extraction with n-heptane, efficient catalyst immobilization, and the commercial availability of the Pt complex, make this protocol an attractive method for the hydroboration of ketones