bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical evaluation of a novel atlas polyaxial transverse connecting screw system, an in vitro human cadaveric study
Authors: Chen Yun-Lin , Lu Wen-Jie , Ma Yu-Li , Ma Wei-Hu , Jiang Wei-Yu 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To introduce a novel transverse connecting screw system, and to evaluate the biomechanical stability of the novel screw system using human cadaveric specimens.

Methods:
Six fresh-frozen cadaveric upper cervical spines were used in our study. Every specimen was tested under 5 conditions: intact group; unstable group; C1 to C2 screw rod system group; C1 to C2 + crosslink system group; atlas polyaxial transverse connecting screw (APTCS) system.

Results:
Compared with the intact state, C1 to C2 screw rod system, C1 to C2 + CL system and APTCS showed statistically decrease range of motion in all directions except for the unstable group under posterior extension direction (P < .05). APTCS group has the least range of motion in all directions (P < .001).

Conclusion:
The APTCS system was able to restore stability to the atlantoaxial joint. APTCS system has the advantages of easy installation, convenient bone grafting, and strong biomechanical strength.
Healing of a bone-exposed soft tissue defect after surgical correction of traumatic patellar dislocation: A case report
Authors: Lee Kuan-I , Lin Yun-Nan , Lin Yu-Chuan , Kuo Yur-Ren 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Reconstructive surgery is widely considered the primary treatment for soft tissue defects around the knee owing to its high flexibility. However, in our recent case study, we explored an alternative approach using decellularized collagen dressings, which proved highly effective in healing a soft tissue defect involving bone exposure following surgical correction of a traumatic patellar dislocation.

Patient concerns:
A 65-year-old male with a traumatic patellar dislocation in the lower extremity failed to approximate the wound after surgical correction. The patient refused additional surgical reconstruction because of the potential risks of multiple operative complications.

Diagnoses:
Traumatic patellar dislocation complicated by exposed bone following surgical treatment was made.

Interventions:
The procedure was performed using ABCcolla® Collagen Matrix (ACRO Biomedical, Taiwan), an acellular dermal matrix made from a decellularized native porcine collagen scaffold dressing. Collagen dressings were applied to the soft tissue defect, and biointegration was observed in the wound area of bone exposure.

Outcomes:
Through the application of ABCcolla® Collagen Matrix (ACRO Biomedical, Taiwan) and diligent wound care for a total of 105 days, the patient healed successfully and achieved partial functional recovery after undergoing rehabilitation. During recent outpatient clinic visits, the patient is now able to ambulate independently with the aid of crutches.

Lessons:
Collagen dressings circumvent the potential risks and complications associated with multiple surgical procedures. We believe that the utilization of collagen dressings, combined with careful wound management, could serve as a promising alternative treatment option for patients with soft tissue defects around the knee in the future.
The efficacy of temperature intervention combined with tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss and accelerating recovery during spinal fusion
Authors: Li Fulin , Huang Xiao , Huang Yu , Liang Bin , Yin Dong 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of temperature intervention combined with tranexamic acid (TXA) on perioperative blood loss during spinal fusion and accelerated rehabilitation.

Method:
Between August 2014 and July 2019, 310 lumbar fusion at our hospital were randomly divided into 4 groups as follows. Group A (placebo): no TXA and no temperature intervention. Group B: TXA (15 mg/kg) before skin incision. Group C: TXA (15 mg/kg) before skin incision and temperature intervention. Group D: temperature intervention without TXA. The primary outcomes were intraoperative blood loss, postoperative blood loss, total blood loss, and core temperature at different stages. We also recorded the hemoglobin level, blood transfusion rate, prothrombin time on postoperative day 1 (POD1), length of hospital stay, and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Results:
The 4 groups showed statistically significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative blood loss, total blood loss, core temperature after anesthesia, average temperature during the operation, hemoglobin on POD1, and length of stay (P < .05). In contrast, prothrombin time on POD1 and the incidence of DVT or PE did not differ between the groups (P > .05). Comparing the transfusion rate in Group C (6/77, 7.79%) and Group A (17/78, 21.79%), the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Temperature intervention combined with TXA can significantly reduce blood loss and the transfusion rate of spinal fusion in the perioperative period, reduce the length of stay and accelerate rehabilitation after surgery without increasing the incidence of DVT or PE.
Endoscopic full-thickness resection vs. endoscopic submucosal dissection of residual/recurrent colonic lesions on scars: a retrospective Italian and Japanese comparative study
Authors: Barbaro Federico , Papparella Luigi Giovanni , Chiappetta Michele Francesco , Ciuffini Cristina , Fukuchi Takehide , Hamanaka Jun , Quero Giuseppe , Pecere Silvia , Gibiino Giulia , Petruzziello Lucio , Maeda Shin , Hirasawa Kingo , Costamagna Guido 
Published: December 2023

Background and aims
Endoscopic treatment of recurrent/residual colonic lesions on scars is a challenging procedure. In this setting, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is considered the first choice, despite a significant rate of complications. Endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) has been shown to be well-tolerated and effective for these lesions. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparison of outcomes for resection of such lesions between ESD and eFTR in an Italian and a Japanese referral center.

Methods
From January 2018 to July 2020, we retrospectively enrolled patients with residual/recurrent colonic lesions, 20 treated by eFTR in Italy and 43 treated by ESD in Japan. The primary outcome was to compare the two techniques in terms of en-bloc and R0-resection rates, whereas complications, time of procedure, and outcomes at 3-month follow-up were evaluated as secondary outcomes.

Results
R0 resection rate was not significantly different between the two groups [18/20 (90%) and 41/43 (95%); P= 0.66]. En-bloc resection was 100% in both groups. No significant difference was found in the procedure time (54 min vs. 61 min; P= 0.9). There was a higher perforation rate in the ESD group [11/43 (26%) vs. 0/20 (0%); P= 0.01]. At the 3-month follow-up, two lesions relapsed in the eFTR cohort and none in the ESD cohort (P= 0.1).

Conclusion
eFTR is a safer, as effective and equally time-consuming technique compared with ESD for the treatment of residual/recurrent colonic lesions on scars and could become an alternative therapeutic option for such lesions.
Association between novel inflammatory markers and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhao Yu , Li Zeya , Li Dan , Zhao Feng , Hao Jing , Yang Chunlei , Song Jiashu , Gu Xianzhong , Huang Rongchong 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association between novel inflammatory markers (NIMs) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods
A total of 6306 subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. NIMs, including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), were calculated. The prevalence of NAFLD and its association with NIMs were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Subgroup analysis were performed based on age, sex and BMI.

Results
The prevalence of NAFLD was 52.5% in the study population. Compared with non-NAFLD subjects, NAFLD patients were older and more frequent in females. The prevalence of NAFLD progressively increased among the higher quartile groups of CAR, LMR, SII and PNI (P-trend < 0.05), whereas it progressively decreased among the higher quartile group of NLR and PLR (P-trend < 0.05). According to multivariable logistic regression analysis, the highest quartile (Q4) had a significantly higher risk of NAFLD compared with Q1 in LMR [odds ratio (OR): 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17–1.75; P-trend < 0.001] and PNI (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.57–2.35; P-trend < 0.001). The subgroup analysis showed a stronger association of PNI with NAFLD.

Conclusion
The study highlights the association between NIMs and NAFLD, with LMR and PNI identified as potential non-invasive markers of inflammation in NAFLD. Specifically, PNI exhibited the strongest association and may serve as a valuable marker for assessing inflammation in NAFLD.
Circulating immune signatures across clinical stages of chronic pancreatitis: a pilot study
Authors: Hagn-Meincke Rasmus , Hart Phil A. , Andersen Dana K. , Vege Santhi S. , Fogel Evan L. , Serrano Jose , Bellin Melena D. , Topazian Mark D. , Conwell Darwin L. , Li Liang , Van Den Eeden Stephen K. , Drewes Asbjørn M. , Pandol Stephen J. , Forsmark Chris E. , Fisher William E. , Yadav Dhiraj , Olesen Søren S. , Park Walter G. ,   on behalf of the Consortium for the Study of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes, and Pancreatic Cancer (CPDPC)
Published: December 2023

Objective
This pilot study seeks to identify serum immune signatures across clinical stages of patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of prospectively collected serum samples from the PROspective Evaluation of Chronic Pancreatitis for EpidEmiologic and Translation StuDies-study. CP subjects were categorised into three clinical stages based on the presence/absence of metabolic complications: (1) CP with no diabetes and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction (EPD), (2) CP with either diabetes or EPD, and (3) CP with diabetes and EPD. Blinded samples were analysed using an 80-plex Luminex assay of cytokines/chemokines/adhesion molecules. Group and pairwise comparisons were performed to characterise immune signatures across CP subgroups.

Results
A total of 135 CP subjects (evenly distributed between clinical stages) and 50 controls were studied. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) were significantly elevated in CP subjects compared to controls. The levels of IL-6 and IL-8 increased with advancing disease stages, with the highest levels observed in CP with diabetes and EPD (clinical stage 3). Furthermore, hepatocyte growth factor and macrophage-derived chemokine were significantly increased in clinical stage 3 compared to controls.

Conclusion
Our study reveals a progressive elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines with advancing clinical stages of CP. These findings indicate potential targets for the development of disease-modifying interventions.
Risk Adjustment in Health Insurance Markets
Authors: van Kleef Richard C. , van Vliet René C.J.A. , Oskam Michel 
Published: December 2023

Objectives:
The goals of this paper are: (1) to identify groups of healthy people; and (2) to quantify the extent to which the Dutch risk adjustment (RA) model overpays insurers for these groups.

Background:
There have been strong signals that insurers in the Dutch regulated health insurance market engage in actions to attract healthy people. A potential explanation for this behavior is that the Dutch RA model overpays insurers for healthy people.

Methods:
We identify healthy groups using 3 types of ex-ante information (ie, information available before the start of the health insurance contract): administrative data on prior spending for specific health care services (N = 17 m), diagnoses from electronic patient records (N = 1.3 m), and health survey data (N = 457 k). In a second step, we calculate the under/overpayment for these groups under the Dutch RA model (version: 2021).

Results:
We distinguish eight groups of healthy people using various “identifiers.” Although the Dutch RA model substantially reduces the predictable profits that insurers face for these groups, significant profits remain. The mean per person overpayment ranges from 38 euros (people with hospital spending below the third quartile in each of 3 prior years) to 167 euros (those without any medical condition according to their electronic patient record).

Conclusions:
The Dutch RA model does not eliminate the profitability of healthy groups. The identifiers used for flagging these groups, however, seem inappropriate for serving as risk adjuster variables. An alternative way of exploiting these identifiers and eliminating the profitability of healthy groups is to estimate RA models with “constrained regression.”
The times they are K+-changin’: bringing the potassium curriculum out of the 20th century
Authors: Hoenig Melanie P. , Lecker Stewart H. , William Jeffrey H. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
Although most of the current medical education literature has focused on teaching strategies, little attention has been devoted to selecting appropriate course content. Despite elegant descriptions of physiologic mechanisms in recent decades, medical school curricula and students continue to rely on outdated textbooks and certification examination study aids composed to fit an antiquated exam blueprint.

Recent findings
Advances in our understanding of potassium physiology offer multiple examples of key concepts that deserve to be included in the modern-day renal physiology curriculum, including the relationship of potassium to blood pressure and the potassium ‘switch’, the aldosterone paradox, and novel pharmacologic agents that target dietary potassium absorption and potassium handling in the kidney.

Summary
Key advances in our understanding and application of renal physiology to patient care have not been readily integrated into the nephrology curriculum of medical students. Difficult questions remain regarding when new concepts are sufficiently established to be introduced to medical students in the preclinical years.
Emergency Department Usage Patterns Among Pediatric Victims of Gun Violence and Physical Assault
Authors: Bernardin Mary Elizabeth , Cutler Keven O. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
Violent injuries are a common reason for pediatric emergency department (ED) visits, with gun violence being the leading cause of violent death among children. The objective of this study was to assess for patterns of pediatric ED usage that are associated with future ED visits for violent injuries.

Methods
This case-control study included youths aged 6 to 19 years who presented to a pediatric ED over a 3-year period due to a physical assault (PA) or their first known gunshot wound (GSW). We compared them with age-, race-, and sex-matched youths presenting for nonviolent medical complaints. All previous ED visits were coded as (1) injuries due to a previous PA, (2) mental/behavioral health visits, (3) sexual/reproductive health visits, (4) sexual assault, or (5) concerns for child abuse. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify patterns of previous ED usage associated with future ED visits for injuries related to PA and/or GSW.

Results
The PA and GSW groups used the ED for previous PAs, mental/behavioral health, sexual/reproductive health, sexual assault, and/or child abuse concerns on average 4 to 8 times as often as the control group. Previous ED visits for mental/behavioral health (odds ratio [OR] 5), sexual/reproductive health (OR 3), sexual assault (OR 9), and prior PA (OR 8) were predictive of a future ED visit for PA. Male sex (OR 6) and previous ED visits for PA (OR 5) were predictive of a future ED visit for GSW. Two percent of the PA group and 9% of the GSW group returned to the ED with a subsequent GSW in the following 16 to 40 months.

Conclusions
Emergency department visits due to interpersonal violence, mental/behavioral health, sexual/reproductive health, and sexual assault are associated with recurrent ED visits for violent injuries. Awareness of patterns of ED usage may aid in identifying patients at high risk for violence and increase opportunities for preventative interventions.
18F-FDG PET/MRI for Diagnosis and Treatment Efficacy Evaluation of Spinal Sarcoidosis
Authors: Kaseb Ashjan , Bessac Darejan , Frantzen Lea , Herber Mathilde , Poindron Vincent , Imperiale Alessio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Spinal cord sarcoidosis (SCS) is an uncommon disease with estimated incidence of 0.4% in patients with systemic sarcoidosis. Spinal cord sarcoidosis typically manifests late in the disease course and significantly contributes to patient morbidity. Therefore, early SCS diagnosis and prompt initiation of therapy are crucial. Herein, we report the case of a 51-year-old man with symptomatic SCS managed by 18F-FDG PET/MRI, allowing diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation of spine involvement. We believe that the increasing clinical availability of hybrid PET/MRI devices will offer new opportunities for optimal management of patients with uncommon severe sarcoidosis localizations, such as nervous system.
18F-FDG PET/CT Versus 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT in a Case of Isolated Nodal-Type Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma
Authors: Li Zhuoyuan , Qiu Lin , Xu Tingting , Su Dan , Chen Yue 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is a rare low-grade sarcoma originating from mesenchymal dendritic cells. We presented 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT findings in a 32-year-old woman with pathologically confirmed nodal-type follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. In this case, follicular dendritic cell sarcoma demonstrated lower uptake with FAPI than FDG.
Absorption and birefringence study for reduced optical losses in diamond with high nitrogen-vacancy concentration
Authors: Luo Tingpeng , Hahl Felix A. , Langer Julia , Cimalla Volker , Lindner Lukas , Vidal Xavier , Haertelt Marko , Blinder Remi , Onoda Shinobu , Ohshima Takeshi , Jeske Jan 
Published: December 2023

The use of diamond colour centres such as the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre is increasingly enabling quantum sensing and computing applications. Novel concepts like cavity coupling and readout, laser-threshold magnetometry and multi-pass geometries allow significantly improved sensitivity and performance via increased signals and strong light fields. Enabling material properties for these techniques and their further improvements are low optical material losses via optical absorption of signal light and low birefringence. Here, we study systematically the behaviour of absorption around 700 nm and birefringence with increasing nitrogen- and NV-doping, as well as their behaviour during NV creation via diamond growth, electron beam irradiation and annealing treatments. Absorption correlates with increased nitrogen doping yet substitutional nitrogen does not seem to be the direct absorber. Birefringence reduces with increasing nitrogen doping. We identify multiple crystal defect concentrations via absorption spectroscopy and their changes during the material processing steps and thus identify potential causes of absorption and birefringence as well as strategies to fabricate chemical vapour deposition diamonds with high NV density yet low absorption and low birefringence.
This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Diamond for quantum applications’.
Alterations of adult prefrontal circuits induced by early postnatal fluoxetine treatment mediated by 5-HT7 receptors
Authors: De Stasi Angela Michela , de San Martin Javier Zorrilla , Soto Nina , Aguirre Andrea , Olusakin Jimmy , Lourenço Joana , Gaspar Patricia , Bacci Alberto 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a key role in high-level cognitive functions and emotional behaviors, and PFC alterations correlate with different brain disorders including major depression and anxiety. In mice, the first two postnatal weeks represent a critical period of high sensitivity to environmental changes. In this temporal window, serotonin (5- HT) levels regulate the wiring of PFC cortical neurons. Early life insults and postnatal exposure to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (FLX) affect PFC development leading to depressive and anxiety-like phenotypes in adult mice. However, the mechanisms responsible for these dysfunctions remain obscure. We found that postnatal FLX exposure (PNFLX) results in reduced overall firing, and high-frequency bursting of putative pyramidal neurons (PNs) of deep layers of the medial PFC (mPFC) of adult mice in vivo. Ex-vivo, patch-clamp recordings revealed that PNFLX abolished high-frequency firing in a distinct subpopulation of deep-layer mPFC PNs, which transiently express the serotonin transporter SERT. SERT+ and SERT- PNs exhibit distinct morpho-functional properties. Genetic deletion of 5-HT7Rs prevented the PNFLX-induced reduction of PN firingin vivoand pharmacological 5-HT7R blockade precluded altered firing of SERT+ PNsin vitro. This indicates a pivotal role of this 5-HTR subtype in mediating 5-HT-dependent maturation of PFC circuits that are susceptible to early-life insults. Overall, our results suggest potential novel neurobiological mechanisms, underlying detrimental neurodevelopmental consequences induced by early-life alterations of 5-HT levels.
Distance-AF: Modifying Predicted Protein Structure Models by Alphafold2 with User-Specified Distance Constraints
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Zicong , Kagaya Yuki , Terashi Genki , Zhao Bowen , Xiong Yi , Kihara Daisuke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe three-dimensional structure of a protein plays a fundamental role in determining its function and has an essential impact on understanding biological processes. Despite significant progress in protein structure prediction, such as AlphaFold2, challenges remain on those hard targets that Alphafold2 does not often perform well due to the complex folding of protein and a large number of possible conformations. Here we present a modified version of the AlphaFold2, called Distance-AF, which aims to improve the performance of AlphaFold2 by including distance constraints as input information. Distance-AF uses AlphaFold2’s predicted structure as a starting point and incorporates distance constraints between amino acids to adjust folding of the protein structure until it meets the constraints. Distance-AF can correct the domain orientation on challenging targets, leading to more accurate structures with a lower root mean square deviation (RMSD). The ability of Distance-AF is also useful in fitting protein structures into cryo-electron microscopy maps.