bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obstructive nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis associated with chronic renal failure in horses: Eight cases ( 1981-1987)
Authors: Ehnen S.J. , Divers T.J. , Gillette D. , Reef V.B. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Eight adult horses with obstructive nephrolithiasis and/or ureterolithiasis were examined between 1981 and 1987. One horse had bilateral ureteral obstruction at hospital admission; the others had unilateral ureteral obstruction. All horses had similar bilateral renal pathologic findings that were compatible with chronic intermittent or complete obstruction. Horses were referred for evaluation of weight loss, poor performance, and/or decreased appetite. Clinical findings, laboratory results, and/or postmortem findings in all horses supported the diagnosis of chronic renal failure. Age of the 8 horses varied between 2 and 17 years; 5 of the 8 were between 2 and 3 years old. Seven horses were Thoroughbreds and 1 was a Standardbred. Of the horses examined, 4 were females and 4 were males (2 geldings). Diagnosis of obstructive nephrolithiasis and/or ureterolithiasis was made in all of the hospitalized horses based on examination per rectum and/or renal ultrasonographic findings. Surgical removal of the obstructing calculi was performed in one horse. Although etiopathogenesis could not be proven, histopathologic findings in the kidneys of the horses of our study were suggestive of renal failure secondary to obstructive urinary disease.
von Willebrand heterotopic osteochondrofibrosis in Doberman Pinschers: Five cases (1980-1987)
Authors: Dueland R. T. , Wagner S. D. , Parker R. B. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Five cases involving female Doberman Pinschers, each with a mass composed of osseous, chondrous, or fibrous tissue, or a combination thereof, formed in or around the muscles of the hip, were reviewed. In each dog, the mass severely limited the coxofemoral joint range or motion, especially when the joint was extended. Surgical debulking resulted in a favorable outcome. All dogs tested had plasma concentrations of von Willebrand factor antigen below established normal limits. We believe that the low concentrations of von Willebrand factor antigen commonly found in Doberman Pinschers may predispose them to the development of this condition and its resulting pelvic limb lameness, presumably because of increased risk of microvascular bleeding. This association is presumptive because 2 dogs in our study had a history of excessive bleeding either before or after being treated for the hip condition. Trauma was associated in 2 cases. All 5 dogs, however, bled more than usual during the curative surgery. These 5 cases, plus additional reported cases, confirm this syndrome, which warrants recognition. The name von Willebrand heterotopic osteochondrofibrosis of Doberman Pinschers was selected because it identified the basic features of the syndrome.
Nutritionally variant streptococci associated with corneal ulcers in horses: 35 cases (1982-1988)
Authors: da Silva Cunei Jeannette M.A. , Murphy Christopher J. , Jang Spencer S. , Bellhorn Roy W. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Nutritionally variant streptococci (nvs) are nutritionally deficient viridans streptococci that require pyridoxal for growth. Although nvs are pathogenic in human beings, they have not been considered to be pathogenic in domestic animals. In 1982 and 1983, 24 isolates of nvs were recovered from horses with ulcerative keratitis. A retrospective study was done to determine the incidence of nvs in horses with corneal disease. The medical records of 249 horses (259 eyes) examined for clinical signs of corneal disease were reviewed. Nutritionally variant streptococci were isolated from approximately 13.5% of horses with ulcerative keratitis.
Variable locations of nutrient foramina of the proximal phalanx in forelimbs of Thoroughbreds
Authors: Kneller S. K. , Losonsky J. M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Bilateral metacarpophalangeal radiographs of 100 Thoroughbreds were examined for visualization and location of the major nutrient foramen of the proximal phalanx. The foramina were located on the dorsal or palmar aspects of the cortex or were not visible radiographically. Of the 100 horses, 60 had the same pattern in both forefeet. In the remaining 40 horses, the left and right proximal phalangeal foramina were asymmetric. Of the 200 proximal phalangeal foramina (100 horses), 53 were on the dorsal aspect of the cortex and 101 were on the palmar aspect of the cortex; 46 were not visible radio-graphically. Significant effect of age or gender could not be determined.
Therapeutic value of partial excision of lesions combined with administration of an autogenous vaccine during an episode of cutaneous papillomatosis in cattle of Uganda
Authors: Ssenyonga G. S. Z. , Onapito J. S. , Nakasala-Situma J. , Omara-Opyene A. L. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The therapeutic value of partial excision of lesions combined with administration of an autogenous vaccine in calves during an episode of cutaneous papillomatosis was evaluated. Of 10 Holstein calves naturally infected with cutaneous papillomatosis, 5 were given 20 ml of autogenous vaccine in addition to undergoing partial excision of the lesions; the other 5 calves were not given vaccine. Results indicate that partial excision combined with administration of autogenous vaccine has some therapeutic value in calves with small pedunculated papillomas, but not in calves with large confluent lesions.
Taste responses of dogs to ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol-based antifreeze
Authors: Marshall David A. , Doty Richard L. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Although it is widely believed that ethylene glycol-based antifreeze (af) is an attractive tastant to dogs and other animals, empirical data on this point are not available. In experiment 1, we examined the propensity of 178 adult mixed-breed dogs to approach, sniff, and lick a concentration of af commonly used in automotive cooling systems (50%). Despite the fact that most of the dogs approached and sniffed the af in these 5-minute tests, only 9% initiated lick responses and most of these were brief and not followed by additional licking. In experiment 2, the lick responses of five gastric-cannulated dogs to aqueous solutions of 20% sucrose, 50% ethylene glycol, 50% propylene glycol, water, and 50% af were examined in 14-minute tests before and after periods of food and water deprivation. Under the latter conditions, 2 of the 5 dogs drank amounts of ethylene glycol that would have been lethal to uncannulated dogs. None of the five dogs drank potentially lethal amounts of af. The preference order for these tastants was sucrose > water > ethylene glycol > af = propylene glycol. Although these findings question the general belief that af is highly palatable to most dogs, they do imply that large individual differences in responsiveness exist and that af ingestion is likely influenced by motivational state. Furthermore, they suggest the possibility that unpleasant-tasting additives could be successfully developed to eliminate the ingestion of af, because the initial attractiveness of af is relatively low. Such additives would have to be stable in vehicular cooling systems and not adversely affect the functional aspects of af performance.
Elective cesarean section in mares: Eight cases (1980-1989)
Authors: Watkins J. P. , Taylor T. S. , Day W. C. , Varner D. D. , Schumacher J. , Baird A. N. , Welch R. D. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
From 1980 to 1989, 8 cesarean sections were performed on an elective basis in 5 mares. Four mares had partially obstructed pelvic canals; 2 of these mares had previously lost foals because of dystocia. Cervical adhesions that might obstruct passage of the fetus through the pelvic canal was suspected in the fifth mare. Cesarean section was performed prior to mares entering the first stage of labor. Readiness for birth was estimated by development of the mare's mammary gland and the presence of colostrum in the udder. A ventral midline celiotomy provided excellent exposure and healed without complications in all instances. Eight viable foals were produced. One foal developed bacterial pneumonia and septicemia after surgery and died. Follow-up evaluation of the 7 foals discharged from the hospital failed to reveal complications associated with elective cesarean section.
All mares survived the procedure. Fetal membranes were retained for up to 72 hours following surgery; however, systemic complications secondary to retained placenta did not develop. Three mares were bred subsequent to elective cesarean sections, with each mare conceiving the year following surgery. Three foals were produced by 1 mare and 2 foals have been produced by another mare by elective cesarean sections.
Clinical use of metronidazole in horses: 200 cases (1984-1989)
Authors: Sweeney Raymond W. , Sweeney Corinne R. , Weiher Janice 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Case records of 200 horses treated with metronidazole were reviewed. Horses were treated for respiratory tract infections (90 cases), peritonitis or abdominal abscess (39 cases), celiotomy (49 cases), orthopedic infections (6 cases), and miscellaneous soft tissue infections (16 cases). Bacteria of the genus Bacteroides were most prevalent (55 of 167 anaerobic isolates). Metronidazole was always used in combination with other antimicrobial drugs.
Only 4 of the 200 horses had signs of adverse effects associated with metronidazole treatment. Those 4 horses had poor appetite that resolved when metronidazole treatment was discontinued.
Renosplenic entrapment of the large colon in horses: 57 cases (1983-1988)
Authors: Baird A. N. , Cohen N. D. , Taylor T. S. , Watkins J. P. , Schumacher J. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
During a 5-year period, renosplenic entrapment of the large colon was diagnosed in 57 horses referred to the Texas Veterinary Medical Center. The signalment of and clinical signs of disease in these horses were compared with such variables in 200 horses referred for other types of colic. Findings did not support a male gender predilection for this disease, as was previously reported. The case survival rate was 93% for this group of horses. Fourteen of the horses were treated nonsurgically by rolling them clockwise while they were under general anesthesia. Data supported the safety and efficacy of nonsurgical treatment.
Comparison of the efficacy of ivermectin, oxibendazole, and pyrantel pamoate against 28-day Parascaris equorum larvae in the intestine of pony foals
Authors: Austin Scott M. , DiPietro Joseph A. , Foreman Jonathan H. , Baker Gordon J. , Todd Kenneth S. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Sixteen helminth-free pony foals were inoculated with a mean (±sd) 2,000 (±545.5) infective Parascaris equorum eggs (day 0). Foals were allocated to replicates of 4, and treatments within each replicate were assigned at random. Treatment administered on postinoculation day (pid) 28 included no treatment (control), 0.2 mg of ivermectin/kg of body weight, 10 mg of oxibendazole/kg, or 6.6 mg of pyrantel base (pamoate)/kg. Paste formulations of the anthelmintics were administered orally. The foals were euthanatized 14 days after treatment (pid 42) and examined for P equorum larvae in the small intestine. The mean ± sd (and range) numbers of fourth-stage P equorum larvae recovered from nontreated foals and those treated with ivermectin, pyrantel, or oxibendazole were 1,603.8 ± 1,026.8 (305 to 2,480), 29.3 ± 55.8 (0 to 113), 413.0 ± 568.1 (0 to 1,204), or 889.5 ± 1,123.1 (1 to 2,345), respectively. Compared with the value for control (nontreated) foals, treatment with ivermectin, pyrantel, and oxibendazole was 98.2, 74.2, and 44.5% effective, respectively, when administered 28 days after experimentally induced infection with P equorum. Adverse reactions attributable to treatment were not observed.
Acute blindness associated with intracranial tumors in dogs and cats: Eight cases (1984-1989)
Authors: Davidson M. G. , Nasisse M. P. , Breitschwerdt E. B. , Thrall D. E. , Page R. L. , Jamieson V. E. , English R. V. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Rostral and middle cranial fossa tumors affecting the optic chiasm and resulting in acute visual deficits were diagnosed in 7 dogs and 1 cat. Blindness and dilated nonresponsive pupils were the primary signs in all animals. Other concurrent neurologic deficits were either absent or were equivocal. Behavioral changes, including signs of depression and lethargy, were noticed in 1 dog and the cat subsequent to the onset of blindness. Retinal function was assessed as normal by electroretinography in all animals. The histologic necropsy diagnosis was pituitary carcinoma in 1 dog and the cat and paranasal sinus carcinoma with intracranial extension in 1 dog. A cytologic diagnosis of polycentric lymphosarcoma affecting the optic chiasm was diagnosed in 1 dog. In the remaining 4 dogs, results of computed tomographic imaging or endocrine function testing suggested pituitary gland neoplasia. Four dogs were treated with cobalt-60 radiation or chemotherapy. There was partial return of visual function in only 1 of the dogs treated with radiation.
Effects of chlorination of chill water on the bacteriologic profile of raw chicken carcasses and giblets
Authors: James William O. , Brewer Robert L. , Prucha John C. , Williams W. Oliver , Parham Delila R. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
In March 1989, the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service sampled raw chicken carcasses and giblets at a federally inspected slaughter establishment in Puerto Rico to determine the effects of adding chlorine to carcass and giblet chill water on bacterial contents of raw poultry products. Over four 8-hour workdays, 200 carcass rinse samples were collected at 3 sites in the establishment; 39 giblet rinse samples were collected at 1 site. Analyses of the carcass rinse samples indicated that carcasses had average aerobe plate counts of log10 3.20 before chilling and 2.51 after chilling; Enterobacteriaceae counts of log10 2.57 before chilling and 1.75 after chilling; and Escherichia coli counts of log10 2.04 before chilling and 1.20 after chilling. Salmonellae were found on 43% of the carcasses before chilling and on 46% after chilling. Analyses of the giblet and neck rinse samples indicated that raw giblets and necks after chilling had average aerobe plate count of log10 3.49, Enterobacteriaceae count of log10 2.57, and E coli count of log10 1.06. Salmonellae were found on 12% of the giblets and necks sampled.
Results compared favorably with giblet and neck rinse sample results obtained during a baseline sampling study in November and December 1987. The baseline results indicated aerobe plate count of log10 3.72; Enterobacteriaceae count of log10 2.90; E coli count of log10 1.14; and salmonellae on 69% of the giblets and necks sampled.
Placing raw chicken carcasses in chlorinated chill water reduced aerobe, Enterobacteriaceae, and E coli plate counts. Prevalence of carcasses with salmonellae remained nearly the same. Results indicate that chlorination of chill water aids in control of bacterial crosscontamination of carcasses and giblets and necks.
Evaluation of biocompatible osteoconductive polymer as an orthopedic implant in dogs
Authors: Trevor Peter B. , Stevenson Sharon , Carrig Colin B. , Waldron Don R. , Smith Mark M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties of biocompatible osteoconductive polymer (bop), a synthetic implant, were evaluated. Bilateral oval cortical defects (1 × 2 cm) were made in the lateral subtrochanteric area of the proximal portion of the femur in 16 dogs that later were treated with bop fiber (n = 16) or autogenous cancellous bone (n = 11), or were not treated (n = 5). The bop block was attached extraperiosteally to the proximal portion of the humerus in 6 dogs. Radiographic assessment of surgery sites was performed at 4-week intervals, and histologic evaluation was performed at 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after surgery. Radiographic signs of bone healing were not observed in defects treated with bop fiber. Defects treated with cancellous bone or not treated had radiographic signs of progressive bone ingrowth. Radiographic evidence of periosteal new bone formation near control and bop-treated defects was observed 4 weeks after surgery; increased periosteal reaction was associated with bop fiber. This new bone had resorbed by week 24, except bone adjacent to bop fiber, where continued periosteal reaction was apparent. Histologic evidence of bone formation was observed extending to, but not incorporating, bop fibers. The bop fibers became surrounded by a fibrous capsule, and fibrovascular connective tissue infiltrated between and into bop fibers, but minimal bone formation incorporated the bop material during the follow-up period. During that time, active periosteal new bone formation was evident adjacent to the bop fibers. Defects treated with cancellous bone or not treated healed by ingrowth of cancellous bone during the first 12 weeks after surgery and by reformation of the lateral cortical wall by week 24. The bop blocks became surrounded by a fibrous capsule, but connective tissue or bone ingrowth into bop blocks was not observed. Results indicate that bop is not osteoconductive within a 6-month time frame when used in subtrochanteric femoral defects or when placed extraperiosteally on the proximal portion of the humerus of clinically normal dogs.
Economic impact of an epizootic of pseudorabies in a commercial swine herd in Ohio, achieving test negative status and quarantine release by use of vaccination and test and removal
Authors: Bech-Nielsen Steen , Miller Gay Y. , Bowman Gary L. , Dodaro Stephen J. , Orloski-Snider Kathleen A. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The effect of pseudorabies in a commercial farrow-to-finish operation on selected production and economic values was estimated. Pseudorabies was first diagnosed in this herd by circle testing done in March 1988, as a required part of follow up from another herd that had been diagnosed with pseudorabies in the area. A pseudorabies virus vaccination program was initiated in the herd at that time.
The mean litter size of pigs born alive varied from 9.26 to 10.02 pigs/litter throughout the study period; however, there was a twofold increase in suckling pig mortality and a 2.6-fold increase in nursery pig mortality when the months of the epizootic were compared with pre-epizootic months. In the 6-month period following the epizootic, suckling pig mortality was threefold higher than that reported in the preepizootic months.
Total net loss for this operation was estimated at $99,700 from when the epizootic started until eradication, when calculating losses directly. The major economic losses (76.5% of total loss) were related to suckling pig mortality, which was $16,240 during the epizootic or $24/inventoried sow/week; $19,395 in the 6 months following the epizootic or $3.8/inventoried sow/week; and $40,628 thereafter until eradication 26 months later or $0.37/inventoried sow/week. Nursery pig mortality losses were 12.6% of total net losses; $754 during the epizootic, $357 in the 6 months after the enzootic, and $11,444 thereafter until eradication 26 months later. Sow culling and deaths accounted for 9.4% of net losses that took place from 6 months after the epizootic until eradication. In that same period, market hog deaths accounted for the remaining 1.2%, or $1,227 of the net losses.
When calculating economic losses indirectly by using hogs marketed/sow/year during, and after the pseudorabies epizootic until eradication, total net losses were $85,520. Losses from decreased hog production was $4,156 during the epizootic and $12,000 for the 6 months following the epizootic. From then until eradication, losses were $3,817 for the last 2 months in 1988, $23,969 for 1989, and $41,578 for 1990.
Characteristics of dogs admitted for treatment of cervical intervertebral disk disease: 105 cases (1972-1982)
Authors: Dallman Mark J. , Palettas Panickos , Bojrab M. Joseph 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Case histories of 105 dogs that were treated for cervical intervertebral disk disease (ivdd) were studied retrospectively. To compare with previous data, dogs were grouped by age, gender, and breed. Dogs were also grouped by clinical signs of disease, and by presence and location of radiologic change.
The age range of cases of cervical ivdd was 1 to 13 years (mean, 6.3 years). Fifty-nine percent of dogs treated for cervical ivdd were females, but the proportion of diseased females was similar to females in total hospital admissions. Twenty-eight breeds of dogs were treated for cervical ivdd. Dachshunds and Beagles were significantly over represented (P ≤ 0.001). However, gender-breed interaction was not observed.
Prevalence of radiologic evidence of disk disease was detected at the following levels of the vetebral column: C2-3, 29%; C3-4, 24%; C4-5, 21%; C5-6, 15%; C6-7, 9%; and C7-T1, 2%. Significant difference was not observed in prevalence of cervical ivdd affecting the first 4 disk spaces. However, prevalence of cervical ivdd at C7-T1 was significantly less than that involving the first 4 disk spaces (P < 0.02), and the space at C6-7 was significantly less affected than were the first 3 spaces (P < 0.08).
Significant association was not evident between clinical signs (pain and neurologic deficits) and radiologic signs of ivdd, although neurologic deficits were more likely to be observed in association with radiologic signs than with signs of pain.
Comparison of surgical and nonsurgical treatment of humeral fractures in horses: 22 cases (1980-1989)
Authors: Zamos David T. , Parks Andrew H. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Medical records of 22 horses with humeral fractures were reviewed. The horses were from 2 to 144 months old (mean, 25.8 ± 37.3 months). Ten horses were treated with stall confinement, 3 were treated surgically, and 9 were euthanatized at the time of diagnosis. Seven of 10 horses treated nonsurgically (stall confinement) were able to be ridden 5 to 12 months after the diagnosis was made (mean, 7.5 ± 2.6 months). One horse treated nonsurgically was euthanatized 6 months after diagnosis because of laminitis in the contralateral limb. Two horses treated nonsurgically were lost to follow-up evaluation.
Two of the 3 horses treated surgically had fractures repaired with Rush pins. The fractured humerus of the third horse was repaired with lag screws. Of the 3 surgically treated horses, 1 was pasture sound 10 months after surgery, but developed varus deviation in the contralateral carpus 6 weeks after repair; 1 horse was euthanatized 2 weeks after surgery because of failure of the implant; and the other horse was sound for riding 10 months after surgery.
On the basis of these findings, young horses with humeral fractures that are treated nonsurgically can become sound for riding.
Radiographic evaluation of esophageal function in Chinese Shar Pei pups
Authors: Stickle R. , Sparschu G. , Love N. , Walshaw R. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Liquid barium esophagraphy was done in 29 clinically normal Chinese Shar Pei pups and observed fluoroscopically, beginning when they were approximately 3 months old and repeated periodically until they were at least 18 months old, if possible. Of these dogs, 69% had relatively slow stimulation of secondary waves, 48% had generalized poor esophageal tone or motility, and 38% had esophageal redundancy. Sequential studies revealed apparent improvement with age for those dogs initially showing slow motility, provided that redundancy was not also present.
Another group of 9 Chinese Shar Pei pups had histories of either regurgitation or vomiting. Five of these had hiatal hernia and 2 had megaesophagus.