bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Isoniazid for Tuberculosis Prevention on Pregnancy Risk Among Women Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Treatment and Progestin‐Based Hormonal Contraception
Authors: Diepstra Karen , Westreich Daniel , Bula Agatha , Lemani Clara , Chapola John , Winston Jennifer , Mollan Katie , Hagey Jill , Phiri Sam , Chiwoko Jane , Chinula Lameck , Hosseinipour Mina C. , Cottrell Mackenzie , Pettifor Audrey , Wood Mollie E. , Tang Jennifer H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeConcomitant use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), hormonal contraception, and isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) for tuberculosis prevention is common among women of reproductive age who are living with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa. We estimated the effect of isoniazid on 6‐month pregnancy risk among Malawian women living with HIV in the Family Planning and Antiretroviral Therapy (FP‐ART) prospective cohort study, overall and among subgroups defined by ART regimen type and hormonal contraceptive method.MethodsThe analytic sample included visits contributed by participants who were currently using either efavirenz‐ or dolutegravir‐based ART and either depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) or levonorgestrel (LNG) implant contraception at the time of the visit. The exposure was self‐reported, current isoniazid use (yes/no). The binary outcome measure, 6‐month pregnancy, was defined as an estimated conception date 1–183 days after the study visit date. We used a marginal structural linear risk regression model with inverse probability of treatment weights, multiple imputation by chained equations, and bootstrapping to estimate risk differences (RD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsThe analytic sample included 4709 study visits occurring between September 2017 and June 2021. The weighted 6‐month pregnancy risk among isoniazid use visits was 3.0% compared with 2.3% among non‐use visits (RD 0.7%, 95% CI: −0.7%, 2.1%), and the results were qualitatively similar for all subgroup estimates.ConclusionsWe did not find a clinically significant effect of isoniazid use on 6‐month pregnancy incidence among women concomitantly using ART and either DMPA or LNG implant contraception.
It is Time to Address Fear of Cancer Recurrence in Family Caregivers: Feasibility and Acceptability of a Randomized Pilot Study of the Family Caregiver Version of the Fear of Recurrence Therapy (FC‐FORT)
Authors: Lamarche Jani , Nissim Rinat , Avery Jonathan , Wong Jiahui , Maheu Christine , Lambert Sylvie. D. , Laizner Andrea M. , Jones Jennifer , Esplen Mary Jane , Lebel Sophie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveFear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is common, persistent, and associated with lower quality of life, impaired functioning, and psychological distress in family caregivers (FC) of individuals with a cancer diagnosis. Interventions are needed to specifically target FCR in FC. This study aimed to pilot test the adapted Family Caregiver—Fear Of Recurrence Therapy (FC‐FORT) to establish its feasibility, acceptability, and clinical significance.MethodsThis pilot study used a mixed‐method, parallel, two‐group randomized control trial (FC‐FORT vs. waitlist control group) design. Women FC were recruited through Canadian hospitals, community partners, and social media. FC in the intervention group completed 7 weekly sessions of virtual group therapy (FC‐FORT) and an exit interview. All participants completed questionnaires at baseline, post‐intervention, and 3‐month follow‐up. Feasibility (e.g., recruitment, allocation, fidelity), acceptability (e.g., dropout, completion, satisfaction) and clinical significance of secondary outcomes were evaluated. Descriptive statistics, mixed ANOVAs, and conventional content analyses were used.ResultsRegarding feasibility, 22 FC were recruited, 18 were randomized and therapist fidelity was 87%. As to acceptability, 67% of participants completed 5 sessions (33% dropout). Questionnaire completion rate was 92%. FC satisfaction was 80%. Analyses did not reveal any significant differences on the secondary outcomes between groups. Qualitative analyses revealed high importance, helpfulness, satisfaction, and group cohesion. Suggestions were made by FC for improvements.ConclusionsThis is one of the first interventions to address FCR in FC. While acceptability of FC‐FORT was good, important feasibility issues need to be addressed before moving forward with a larger randomized control trial.Trial RegistrationNCT, NCT05441384. Registered July 1st, 2022, https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05441384
Measuring the safety climate in China's chemical industry and investigating the influencing factors: A case study of a large enterprise
Authors: Yu Yanan , Xu Xuebo , Qi Meng , Dang Jing , Qu Haowen , Roy Nitin , Liu Yi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the overall safety climate in China's chemical industry and explore the factors affecting it. The scale used in this research was developed based on previous scales, adapted to the Chinese context. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed to categorize the scale into four dimensions: satisfaction, safety management, communication and training, and risk perception. Reliability analysis confirmed the consistency of the scale. The relationships among these four dimensions were elucidated using structural equation modeling (SEM), highlighting the critical role of communication and training in enhancing the safety climate. Additionally, multiple regression models demonstrated the positive impact of communication training, satisfaction, and safety management on employees' risk perception. Variance analysis and multiple comparisons identified high‐risk groups, particularly employees aged 31–40 years, with education levels of junior high school or below, and those with 1–3 years of tenure, as having higher accident risks. An in‐depth questionnaire analysis identified common issues affecting the safety climate in chemical enterprises, including knowledge monotony, stress, safety measures, management, and communication problems. The study provides practical recommendations to address these issues. This research is significant for the chemical industry, promoting advancements in workplace safety practices.
Controlled Release of Hydrophilic Drug from Hollow Nanodots
Authors: Preedanorawut Patitta , Chatchawankanphanich Orawan , Yiamsawas Doungporn , Crespy Daniel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHere the challenge of limited encapsulation efficiency of ionizable hydrophilic molecules in silica materials is addressed. Two effective strategies are showcased that allow high encapsulation efficiency of salicylic acid, while simultaneously maintaining the morphology and particle size of silica nanocapsules. These promising approaches involve the formation and encapsulation of a prodrug or the complexation of the hydrophilic payload with a hydrophobic moiety to form a complex that is dissociated in acidic conditions. Well‐defined core–shell silica nanocapsules with a diameter of 6 nm are obtained and exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of over 90%. High amounts of salicylic acid are released in acidic conditions from silica nanocapsules entrapping the prodrug or the complex, leading to pH‐responsive characteristics. This work demonstrates promising strategies for the encapsulation and the controlled release of hydrophilic fertilizers, pesticides or drugs.
Synergy of Pyridinic‐N and Co Single Atom Sites for Enhanced Oxygen Redox Reactions in High‐Performance Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Askari Saeed , Dwivedi Swarit , Alivand Masood S. , Lim Kang Hui , Biniaz Parisa , Zavabeti Ali , Kawi Sibudjing , Hill Matthew R , van Duin Adri C.T. , Tanksale Akshat , Majumder Mainak , Chakraborty Banerjee Parama 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCobalt single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have the potential to act as bi‐functional electrocatalysts for the oxygen‐redox reactions in metal‐air batteries. However, achieving both high performance and stability in these SACs has been challenging. Here, a novel and facile synthesis method is used to create cobalt‐doped‐nitrogen‐carbon structures (Co‐N‐C) containing cobalt‐SACs by carbonizing a modified ZIF‐11. HAADF‐STEM images and EXAFS spectra confirmed that the structure with the lowest cobalt concentration contains single cobalt atoms coordinated with four nitrogen atoms (Co‐N₄). Electrochemical tests showed that this electrocatalyst performed exceptionally well in both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) (E1/2 ≈ 0.859 V) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) (Ej = 10: 1.544 V), with excellent stability. When used as a bi‐functional electrocatalyst in the air cathode of a rechargeable zinc‐air battery (ZAB), a peak power density of 178.6.1 mW cm−2, a specific capacity of 799 mA h gZn−1 and a cycle‐life of 1580 is achieved. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the concentration and the position of the pyridinic nitrogen with Co play a critical role in determining the overpotential of this electrocatalyst for oxygen‐redox reactions. The unprecedented performance of this electrocatalyst can bring paradigm changes in the practical realization and application of metal‐air batteries.
N‐Doped Holey Graphene/Porous Carbon/Cellulose Nanofibers Electrode and Hydrogel Electrolyte for Low‐temperature Zinc‐ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Tian Wenhui , Ren Penggang , Hou Xin , Fan Baoli , Wang Yilan , Wu Tong , Wang Jiayi , Zhao Zirui , Jin Yanling 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe susceptibility to freezing of the electrolyte and mismatched cathode make the aqueous zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) have inferior electrochemical performance at low temperature. Herein, a novel freeze‐tolerant hydrogel electrolyte (CEEZ) and matched graphene/porous carbon/cellulose nanofibers cathode (GPCN) are respectively fabricated via chemical cross‐linking and a two‐step process to assemble ZHSCs. The prepared electrode has a highly porous structure, abundant edge active sites, and increased interlayer spacing, which collectively reduces ion transport complexity and enhances the contact area with the electrolyte, promoting rapid ionic conduction pathways. For the CEEZ, the use of ethylene glycol reduces the saturated vapor pressure of water, thereby enhancing the frost resistance of the hydrogel electrolyte. Consequently, the ZHSCs assembled from GPCN, CEEZ, and Zn anode exhibit excellent specific capacitances of 1.11 F cm⁻2 (21.35 F cm⁻3) at 20 °C and 0.74 F cm⁻2 (14.23 F cm⁻3) at −20 °C. These results demonstrate the promising application potential of these ZHSCs in cold environments while maintaining impressive energy storage capabilities. This work provides valuable insights and a robust strategy for the design of high‐performance low‐temperature ZHSCs, enhancing their practical applicability in renewable energy storage systems.
The Impact of Marriage and Marriage Expectations on Girls’ Education in Tajikistan
Authors: Yakubova Parvina , Whitsel Christopher M. , Kuzhabekova Aliya , Kataeva Zumrad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Girls continue to complete education at lower rates than their male peers in Tajikistan. Studies have pointed to a variety of factors at the family, community, and national levels. In this chapter, we will explore the influence of marriage expectations on girls’ educational attainment in Tajikistan. The first author conducted interviews with close to 20 women in Tajikistan. The analysis found that marriage expectations significantly influence girls’ educational attainment, contributing to the persistently lower completion rates among females compared to their male counterparts. This underscores the need to address societal expectations surrounding marriage to promote greater educational opportunities for girls in Tajikistan.
Gender Inequality and Higher Education in Tajikistan: Exploring Barriers and Affirmative Actions
Authors: Kataeva Zumrad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gender inequality has been a concern in Tajikistan since gaining independence. The re-emergence of patriarchal values and re-traditionalization of gender relationships, along with economic, structural, and institutional challenges, have significantly affected the well-being of women in the country. Despite concerted efforts to address these inequalities, female students in Tajikistan lag in educational participation and attainment. The representation of females in upper secondary school is significantly lower than their male counterparts, while in higher education female students represent less than 40 percent of the country's enrollment. To respond to the widening gap in access to higher education, the government of Tajikistan introduced quotas to admit girls from rural areas to higher education institutions. As empirical literature specifically focusing on access and persistence in higher education in Tajikistan is limited, the chapter draws on policy documents, statistical data, reports of international organizations, available research articles, media sources, and an interview with an alumna of the quota program. It aims to explore the barriers women face in accessing and persisting in higher education as well as the challenges in the implementation of the quota program. The chapter discusses the implications for advancing, reimagining, and reinvigorating gender equality policies in higher education.
Tech-Driven Justice: Navigating Schemes for the Resolution of Content-Moderation Disputes with Online Platforms
Authors: Kunda Ivana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In today’s world where online information flows are constantly rising, the illegality of the content that recipients place on the online platforms is causing profound concern. Forced by the developments in legislation and case-law, the online platforms are putting together architectures of different content-moderation mechanisms. The Digital Services Act is one such legislative instrument aimed at harmonising and solidifying the techno-legal landscape in which online platforms take on the role of quasi-adjudicating authority in moderating illegal or objectionable content. This paper is focused on a segment of this system—the out-of-court dispute settlement mechanism. Explored in detail are the parties and the matter of the proceedings, the bodies certified to carry out the proceedings, and the regulated elements of the procedure with the aim of assessing whether this new addition to the ARD menu in the EU will contribute to the reduction of illegal online content, especially by assuring sufficient human expert verification of the decisions related to a disputed content.
The Nexus of the Rule of Law and Alternative Dispute Resolution: Who Boosts or Sets Back Whom?
Authors: Fröhlich Mareike 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter examines the complex relationship between alternative dispute resolution (ADR) and the rule of law, and how each influences the other. Essential to democratic governance, the rule of law ensures legal certainty, judicial independence and the protection of fundamental rights, while promoting fairness and accountability. ADR has become popular, particularly in regions with underdeveloped legal systems, as a means of attracting foreign investment and resolving disputes more efficiently. This chapter highlights the work of the INVESTinADR project in North Macedonia, which has explored the impact of ADR on investment promotion. ADR offers a flexible and less adversarial alternative to traditional litigation, particularly in commercial and international disputes. However, it faces challenges such as rising costs, delays and power imbalances, which can undermine its effectiveness and alignment with the rule of law. The quality of ADR depends on the impartiality of mediators and arbitrators, and issues such as limited remedies and lack of appellate review are of concern. In addition, ADR decisions often lack precedential value, which affects continuity and legal certainty, and there are increasing calls for transparency, particularly in cases of public interest. The relationship between ADR and the rule of law is complex and varies by context, with no clear consensus on whether one strengthens or weakens the other. In developing countries, ADR can improve access to justice where formal systems are distrusted, but success depends on balancing local and external needs. Concerns about the privatisation of justice through ADR and the need for transparency are significant, although ADR could also drive improvements in traditional justice systems. Ultimately, ADR and the rule of law are interdependent and can be mutually reinforcing if effectively integrated.
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Management, and Outcomes in China
Authors: Yu Doris Sau-fung , Ye Sophia Fen , Li Polly Wai-Chi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The rapid urbanization and industrialization in China cast a significant impact on the risk profile of cardiovascular disease. The striking increase in the cardiovascular disease epidemiology imposes great challenges to the population health, ever-escalating healthcare cost and system burden. Knowing the great diversities in the socioeconomic, geographic, and cultural practice across this globally fourth-largest land area, this chapter provides a critical discussion of the contemporary risk profile of cardiovascular disease from the lifestyle, environment, and economic perspectives. This is followed by a comprehensive overview of its preventive care and management. Against these backdrops, the challenges and opportunities in tackling the impact of cardiovascular disease on individual, societal, and economic perspective are discussed. The special highlights cover the evolving roles of integrative medicine and contemporary health policy in China in shaping the cardiovascular disease profile. The chapter aims to map the cardiovascular disease portfolio in China to the global health, and therefore inform the development of global initiatives to promote cardiovascular health for all in the coming decade.
Obesity and Diabetes in Latin America: The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Programs and Outcomes
Authors: Albala Cecilia , Vio Fernando 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Obesity and diabetes 2 are increasing worldwide and especially in Latin America, both diseases being important risk factors for chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease. This chapter describes the impact of obesity and diabetes 2 in relation to cardiovascular disease in Latin America, as well as the associated risk of additional chronic diseases. Despite the implementation of interventions related to sugar-sweetened beverage taxes and food warnings in multiple countries, obesity and diabetes 2 are increasing and more initiatives related to urban and school environments, family environment, screen time control, sleep time, and other factors need to be added to address the whole problem. Two long-term programs for childhood obesity control (Amsterdam and Japan) are discussed and may provide suggestions for consideration in other regions. In conclusion, all these findings emphasize the long-term clinical benefits of lifestyle interventions in children and adults to prevent chronic diseases and more research is needed in the design, implementation, and impact evaluation of evidence-based obesity prevention interventions.
Proof of Concept personalisierter modularer Psychotherapie bei depressiven Erwachsenen
Authors: Elsaeßer Moritz , Herpertz Sabine C. , Schramm Elisabeth 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Das Prinzip der Modularität ist ein vielversprechender Ansatz, um Psychotherapie zu personalisieren. Bislang gibt es jedoch keine Evidenz, wie modulare Psychotherapie („modular-based psychotherapy“, MoBa) anhand eines systematischen Behandlungsalgorithmus für erwachsene Patient:innen umgesetzt werden kann. Deshalb wurden in dieser Proof-of-Concept-Studie 70 Patient:innen mit Depression, komorbiden psychischen Störungen und einer Vorgeschichte von Kindesmisshandlung randomisiert einer MoBa oder einer herkömmlichen Kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) zugeordnet. In die MoBa-Intervention wurden neben KVT-Elementen anhand eines systematischen Behandlungsalgorithmus zusätzlich ein bis 3 weitere Therapiemodule integriert. Diese adressieren transdiagnostische dysfunktionale Mechanismen, die psychischen Störungen nach Kindesmisshandlungen häufig zugrunde liegen und für deren Aufrechterhaltung essenziell sind, und bestehen aus Elementen des Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), der Mentalisierungsbasierten Therapie (MBT) oder der Achtsamkeitsbasierten Kognitiven Therapie (MBCT). Im Folgenden werden die Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Durchführbarkeit, Akzeptanz und initialer Wirksamkeit nach 20 Sitzungen ambulanter Psychotherapie dargestellt sowie die Implikationen für Forschung und Praxis diskutiert.
The impact of updated imaging software on the performance of machine learning models for breast cancer diagnosis: a multi-center, retrospective study
Authors: Cai Lie , Golatta Michael , Sidey-Gibbons Chris , Barr Richard G. , Pfob André 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Artificial Intelligence models based on medical (imaging) data are increasingly developed. However, the imaging software on which the original data is generated is frequently updated. The impact of updated imaging software on the performance of AI models is unclear. We aimed to develop machine learning models using shear wave elastography (SWE) data to identify malignant breast lesions and to test the models’ generalizability by validating them on external data generated by both the original updated software versions.

Methods
We developed and validated different machine learning models (GLM, MARS, XGBoost, SVM) using multicenter, international SWE data (NCT 02638935) using tenfold cross-validation. Findings were compared to the histopathologic evaluation of the biopsy specimen or 2-year follow-up. The outcome measure was the area under the curve (AUROC).

Results
We included 1288 cases in the development set using the original imaging software and 385 cases in the validation set using both, original and updated software. In the external validation set, the GLM and XGBoost models showed better performance with the updated software data compared to the original software data (AUROC 0.941 vs. 0.902, p < 0.001 and 0.934 vs. 0.872, p < 0.001). The MARS model showed worse performance with the updated software data (0.847 vs. 0.894, p = 0.045). SVM was not calibrated.

Conclusion
In this multicenter study using SWE data, some machine learning models demonstrated great potential to bridge the gap between original software and updated software, whereas others exhibited weak generalizability.