bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zur Längssteifigkeit von Stahlstützen mit kastenförmigem Querschnitt
Authors: Kubica Ernest , Ignatowicz Rajmund 
Published: June 2004

AbstractIn Konstruktionssystemen aus dünnwandigen Elementen ist es wichtig festzustellen, wie die gedrückten Elemente ihre Steifigkeit mit der steigenden Belastung verändern. Eine ungleichmäßige nderung der Längssteifigkeit hat eine nderung der Kräfte‐ und Spannungsverteilung zur Folge. Nachgiebigere Konstruktionselemente übernehmen den kleineren Teil der Belastung, wobei die steiferen, gezogenen Elemente, überbelastet sind. Bei Stahlelementen, bei denen sich die Längssteifigkeiten mit der Lastzunahme verringern, unterscheidet man versteifte Bleche und Stahlstützen mit geschlossenem kasten‐ und rohrförmigem Querschnitt.Eine Kürzung des Stabs im elastisch‐plastischen Bereich ist auf Materialdruck, Wellung der Querschnittswände und stärkere Biegung des ganzen Stabs zurückzuführen. Einen bedeutenden Einfluß auf die nderung der Stabsteifigkeit haben Imperfektionen, deren Werte von der Querschnittsgestaltung abhängig sind. Dies läßt sich zusammen mit anderen Faktoren aufgrund der Formen der Lastdehnungs‐ und Lastverformungskurven der untersuchten Elemente bestimmen. Bis zum Erreichen der Traglast wurden diese Kurven mittels numerischer Inkrementalmethode der Integration von Gleichgewichtsgleichungen für angenommene Vorverformungen und Eigenspannungen in den Stützenwänden sowie Vorverformungen der Stützenachsen ermittelt. Für die gewählten numerischen Lösungen wurde das Programm LUSAS genutzt. Die theoretischen Analysen wurden an Elementen in Originalgröße durchgeführt: Stützen mit kastenförmigen Querschnitten mit einer Länge von 5280 mm und Stützen mit einem Querschnitt aus kaltgeformten Profilen und einer Länge von 2000 mm. Es wurden ebenfalls die Untersuchungsergebnisse anderer Forschungseinrichtungen genutzt.
Traglastberechnung von Durchlaufträgern nach der Fließgelenktheorie II. Ordnung
Authors: Wostrack Dieter 
Published: June 2004

AbstractEs wird ein einfaches Näherungsverfahren zur Ermittlung der Traglasten in den Feldern starr gestützter Durchlaufträger und anderer unverschieblicher Systeme nach der Fließgelenktheorie II. Ordnung vorgestellt. Die Genauigkeit des Verfahrens ist durch manuelle Vergleichsrechnungen nach der Deformationsmethode II. Ordnung und iterativ über computergestützte Stabwerksprogramme kontrolliert.
Chromosome translocation induced by the insertion of the URA blaster into the major repeat sequence (MRS) in Candida albicans
Authors: Iwaguchi Shin‐Ichi , Suzuki Mina , Sakai Naomi , Nakagawa Yoshiyuki , Magee Paul T. , Suzuki Takahito 
Published: June 2004

AbstractElectrophoretic karyotype studies have shown that clinical isolates of Candida albicans have extensive chromosome length polymorphisms. Chromosome translocation is one of the causes of karyotypic variation. Chromosome translocation events have been shown to occur very frequently at or near the major repeat sequence (MRS) on chromosomes. The MRS consists of the repeated sequences RB2, RPS and HOK, and the repeated sequences are considered to be the template for recombination. To investigate which element of the MRS is important for chromosome translocation, we constructed three cassettes, each containing a URA blaster and sequences homologous to one of the repeats, for insertion into the MRS region on the chromosomes. The ura3 strain STN22u2, which shows a stable, standard karyotype, was transformed with each construct. Insertion events with each cassette occurred at almost all chromosomes. Insertion into the RB2 repeat, but not into the RPS repeat, was accompanied by chromosome translocation in some transformants: chromosome translocations between chromosomes R and 7 and chromosomes 1 and 7 were found, as well as deletions of 7A and 7C from chromosome 7. We conclude that the insertion at the RB2 region may initiate chromosome translocation in C. albicans. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcriptional profiling of extracellular amino acid sensing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the role of Stp1p and Stp2p
Authors: Eckert‐Boulet Nadine , Nielsen Peter Stein , Friis Carsten , dos Santos Margarida Moreira , Nielsen Jens , Kielland‐Brandt Morten C. , Regenberg Birgitte 
Published: June 2004

AbstractS. cerevisiae responds to the presence of amino acids in the environment through the membrane‐bound complex SPS, by altering transcription of several genes. Global transcription analysis shows that 46 genes are induced by L‐citrulline. Under the given conditions there appears to be only one pathway for induction with L‐citrulline, and this pathway is completely dependent on the SPS component, Ssy1p, and either of the transcription factors, Stp1p and Stp2p. Besides the effects on amino acid permease genes, an ssy1 and an stp1 stp2 mutant exhibit a number of other transcriptional phenotypes, such as increased expression of genes subject to nitrogen catabolite repression and genes involved in stress response. A group of genes involved in the upper part of the glycolysis, including those encoding hexose transporters Hxt4p, Hxt5p, Hxt6p, Hxt7p, hexokinase Hxk1p, glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase Tdh1p and glucokinase (Glk1p), shows increased transcription levels in either or both of the mutants. Also, most of the structural genes involved in trehalose and glycogen synthesis and a few genes in the glyoxylate cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway are derepressed in the ssy1 and stp1 stp2 strains. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationship between physical leaf characteristics and growth and survival of polyphagous grasshopper nymphs, Parapodisma subastris (Orthoptera: Catantopidae)
Authors: Miura Kazumi , Ohsaki Naota 
Published: June 2004

AbstractCommon types of plant defense mechanisms are thought to affect the host ranges of polyphagous herbivorous insects, yet few studies have examined the relationship between host plant suitability for polyphagous insects and defense against them. We investigated the suitability of the 19 plant species growing in the habitat of the polyphagous grasshopper, Parapodisma subastris, to determine the relationship between the physical characteristics of leaves and the growth and survival of grasshopper nymphs. We examined leaf toughness, trichome density, and length. Nymph survival was greater on plants with characteristics ranging from soft leaves and dense trichomes to tough leaves and few trichomes than on plants with soft leaves and few trichomes. The exception was Rorippa indica, a plant with soft leaves and few trichomes that uses biotic defense, on which nymph survival was maximal. Higher‐quality plants that share common physical characteristics over families may favor polyphagy by grasshoppers that possess ability to overcome the physical defense easily with their robust mandibles.
Use of the Rydel—Seiffer graduated tuning fork in the assessment of vibration threshold in postherpetic neuralgia patients and healthy controls
Authors: Whitton Tessa L. , Johnson Robert W. , Lovell A.Timothy. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBackground and aims: Afferent large fibre impairment has been reported as a useful predictor of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in patients with acute herpes zoster infection, using an electromechanical device to provide quantitative vibrametry. We aimed to demonstrate a clinically significant increase in vibration threshold in individuals with PHN compared to age‐matched controls, using the portable and affordable Rydel—Seiffer graduated tuning fork.Methods: We studied 45 PHN subjects aged over 55 years, and 45 age‐matched controls with no history of herpes zoster infection. We excluded subjects with a history of disorders associated with neuropathy or immunocompromise. Measurements were performed at the ulnar styloid process and the head of the first metatarsal on the right side, in a warm room with the subject seated. Readings were taken in triplicate and the data analysed by a repeated measures design.Results: We observed a significant difference in vibration threshold at both wrist and toe between the PHN and control groups (p<0.001). Age‐stratification of subjects produced an increased and clinically useful difference between the two groups at both sites in subjects between 55 and 70 years (p<0.0001).Conclusions: We have shown a statistically significant decrease in vibration sensitivity in individuals with PHN aged 55–70 years compared to age‐matched healthy controls, using the Rydel—Seiffer graduated tuning fork. A prospective study of patients with acute zoster infection is needed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the graduated tuning fork in predicting PHN in patients with acute zoster infection.
Health care providers' orientations towards common low back pain predict perceived harmfulness of physical activities and recommendations regarding return to normal activity
Authors: Houben Ruud M.A. , Ostelo Raymond W.J.G. , Vlaeyen Johan W.S. , Wolters Pieter M.J.C. , Peters Madelon , den Berg Suzanne G.M. Stomp‐van 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists (PABS‐PT) differentiates between a biomedical versus a biopsychosocial treatment orientation with regard to common low back pain. This study re‐examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the PABS‐PT, along with the relationship between PABS‐PT scores and the perceived harmfulness of physical activities and treatment recommendations for common low back pain. Two hundred and ninety‐seven paramedical therapists completed the PABS‐PT and questionnaires measuring related concepts, rated the perceived harmfulness of 41 daily physical activities depicted in photographs and gave recommendations for return to normal activity for three patients with low back pain. Analysis revealed two factors labelled ‘biomedical’ and ‘biopsychosocial treatment orientation’. Furthermore, scores on both factors of the PABS‐PT were related to measures of related concepts (statistically significant Pearson correlation coefficients between 0.30 and 0.65) such as the HC‐PAIRS and a therapist version of the TSK. Regression analyses revealed that both factors were consistent predictors of judgements of the harmfulness of physical activities (PHODA) and of recommendations for return to work and normal activity.
Stem/progenitor cells in the postnatal inner ear of the GFP‐nestin transgenic mouse
Authors: Lopez Ivan A. , Zhao Paul M. , Yamaguchi Masahiro , de Vellis Jean , Espinosa‐Jeffrey Araceli 
Published: June 2004

AbstractNestin promoter‐GFP (green fluorescent protein) transgenic mice were used to determine the presence of stem/progenitor cells in the mouse inner ear. We examined the inner ear of mice at the following postnatal days (P): P0, P4, P5, P15 and P60. Hair cells stereocilia were identified with the use of the histochemical marker phalloidin. Whole endorgans or cryosections were analyzed under epi‐fluorescent or confocal microscopy. From P0 to P5, GFP expressing cells were found in the vestibular sensory epithelia of the macula utricle, but not in the crista ampullaris. Cells within the stroma (tissue underneath the sensory epithelia), utricle, and crista were also GFP‐positive. Satellite cells in the vestibular ganglia were GFP‐positive, while vestibular ganglia neurons were not. In the organ of Corti, GFP signal was found in inner border and inner phalangeal cells that surround the inner hair cells (GFP‐negative), Dieters cells and cells in the great epithelial ridge. Outer hair cells were mildly positive for GFP. Satellite cells in the spiral ganglia were GFP‐positive, while spiral ganglia neurons were not. Similar GFP expression was found in the vestibule and cochlea of animals at P15, however, outer hair cells showed no GFP expression. The inner ear of P60 animals contained moderate GFP expression in the stroma of the crista ampullaris and utricle, but not within the sensory epithelia. In the organ of Corti, moderate GFP expression was found in a few Deiters cells. The present data indicates that the expression of nestin in the mouse inner ear is developmentally regulated; yet in the adult inner ear there are some nestin expressing cells, suggesting an intrinsic repair potential, although to a more limited extent than during early post‐natal life.
Instrumented measurement of in vivo anterior—posterior translation in the canine knee to assess anterior cruciate integrity
Authors: Lopez Mandi J. , Hagquist William , Jeffrey Susan L. , Gilbertson Sara , Markel Mark D. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis study was designed to objectively quantify in vivo anterior–posterior canine knee translation relative to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) integrity. Tibial translation was determined in one knee of 43 crossbreed hounds from radiographs performed while a set anterior and then posterior force was applied to the tibia using a custom designed device. The total (TTT), anterior (ATT), and posterior (PTT) tibial translation were measured (absolute) and normalized to the width of the tibia (normalized). Absolute and normalized TTT was significantly greater in ruptured ACL knees than in partially disrupted (PD) ACL knees, which were significantly greater than in intact ACL knees. ATT and PTT was significantly greater in ruptured ACL knees than in PD or intact ACL knees, which were not significantly different. The sensitivity and specificity of normalized TTT to distinguish knees with intact from PD ACLs were both 100%. Normalized TTT to distinguish knees with PD from ruptured ACLs had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 92%, respectively. Intra‐ and inter‐observer intra‐class correlation coefficients were 0.84 or higher for all translations. This precise non‐invasive technique to assess canine knee translational stability and ACL integrity permits repetitive, objective measurements for diagnostic use and to assess therapeutic intervention efficacy. © 2004 Pulished by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society.
Searching for lost data: outlines of aesthesic–poietic analysis
Authors: ZATTRA LAURA 
Published: June 2004

Fifty years down the line, the analysis of computer music is still a very complex issue, highly dependent on the identity of computer music itself: the variety of software, the lack of a common musical notation for scores, the absence or presence of computer data. This has led to the emergence of a multitude of analytical methods, including aesthesical analysis, which approaches music from the point of view of perception, and poietical analysis, which pays attention to the creative process.This study aims to combine these two methods of analysis in order to understand the relationship between technology and the actual piece of music. The article presents a methodological approach – focused on six pieces produced at IRCAM in Paris and at CSC in Padua, between 1975 and 1985 – via an in-depth consideration of Mauro Graziani's Winter leaves, a work conceived in 1980 at the CSC using Music360. The method used consists of comparing data collected using a diversity of practices: repeated listening, the tracing of graphical schematics, sonogram and spectrogram analysis, data listing analysis. An algorithm has also been created in order to calculate the degree to which the software is exploited and to enable a comparison between the different analyses. It is hoped that this procedure will combine traditional musicological methods with new approaches suited to the medium and grounded in a thorough knowledge of computer technology and musical environments.
Thioguanine‐nucleotides do not predict efficacy of tioguanine in Crohn's disease
Authors: Herrlinger K. R. , Fellermann K. , Fischer C. , Kreisel W. , Deibert P. , Schoelmerich J. , Fleig W. E. , Ruhl A. , Reinshagen M. , Greinwald R. , Stange E. F. , Schwab M. 
Published: June 2004

SummaryBackground : 6‐Thioguanine‐nucleotides seem to be the active metabolites of thiopurine therapy, and their monitoring has been considered a useful tool for optimizing response in inflammatory bowel diseases. Tioguanine (thioguanine) therapy results in much higher levels of 6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide levels when compared with azathioprine or mercaptopurine.Aim : To elucidate the influence of 6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide and methylated 6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide levels under tioguanine on efficacy and toxicity in Crohn's disease.Methods : 6‐Thioguanine‐nucleotide and methylated 6‐tioguanine‐nucleotide levels were measured regularly in 26 Crohn's disease patients treated with tioguanine. Nucleotide levels were related to efficacy and toxicity.Results : 6‐Thioguanine‐nucleotide levels rose very high [median 1241 pmol/8 × 108 red blood cells (range 313–1853)]. Methylated 6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide levels were detected in all patients [491 pmol/8 × 108 red blood cells (154–1775)]. 6‐Thioguanine‐nucleotide and methylated 6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide concentrations correlated significantly (r = 0.7, P < 0.0001). Nucleotide levels from patients achieving remission (n = 14) did not differ significantly from non‐remitters (n = 12) [6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide: 1077 (599–2160) vs. 1210 (534–4665); methylated 6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide: 510 (214–1222) vs. 421 (145–1284)]. One patient with intermediate thiopurine S‐methyltransferase activity experienced bone marrow toxicity upon dose escalation parallel with excessively high thioguanine‐nucleotide levels.Conclusions : 6‐Thioguanine‐nucleotide as well as methylated 6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide levels under tioguanine therapy were not related to efficacy. This suggests that monitoring of 6‐thioguanine‐nucleotide levels is not a useful tool to predict response to thiopurines.
Chronic gastritis with expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase is associated with high expression of interleukin‐6 and hypergastrinaemia
Authors: Kai H. , Ito M. , Kitadai Y. , Tanaka S. , Haruma K. , Chayama K. 
Published: June 2004

SummaryBackground and aims : High levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in Helicobacter pylori‐infected gastric mucosa may contribute to development of gastric cancer. We investigated the relation between expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and proinflammatory cytokines in gastric mucosa and serum markers of gastritis.Methods : The study included 103 patients with H. pylori infection. We examined levels of interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6 and interleukin‐8 by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and evaluated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine by immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, we assessed serum levels of pepsinogens, gastrin, anti‐parietal cell antibody, nitrite and nitrate, as markers of gastritis.Results : Thirty‐seven of 103 (35.6%) gastric mucosa specimens showed simultaneous expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine. In these patients (inducible nitric oxide synthase‐positive group), the serum level of gastrin was significantly higher than that of the inducible nitric oxide synthase‐negative group (509.5 ± 141.5 pg/mL vs. 210.0 ± 227.2 pg/mL; P < 0.01), whereas there were no significant differences in serum levels of pepsinogen, anti‐parietal cell antibody, and nitrate and nitrite or in scores of histological gastritis. Inteleukin‐6 levels were significantly higher in the inducible nitric oxide synthase‐positive group than in the inducible nitric oxide synthase‐negative group (25.9 ± 7.0 pg/mg protein vs. 10.6 ± 4.9 pg/mg protein; P < 0.05).Conclusions : Inducible nitric oxide synthase‐producing gastritis was correlated with high levels of interleukin‐6. Patients with hypergastrinaemia should be carefully followed on a long‐term basis to ensure that the development of any malignancy is detected early.
Carditis in patients with gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease: results of a controlled study based on both endoscopy and 24‐h oesophageal pH monitoring
Authors: Zentilin P. , Mastracci L. , Dulbecco P. , Gambaro C. , Bilardi C. , Ceppa P. , Spaggiari P. , Iiritano E. , Mansi C. , Vigneri S. , Fiocca R. , Savarino V. 
Published: June 2004

SummaryBackground : There are conflicting reports on the role of gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Helicobacter pylori infection in the aetiology of carditis.Aim : The role of reflux and H. pylori infection in causing carditis was assessed in 113 consecutive patients with GERD and in 25 controls.Methods : All subjects underwent endoscopy and pH test and carditis was diagnosed on biopsies taken across the squamocolumnar junction. Helicobacter pylori was assessed by histology and rapid urease test. GERD was diagnosed by endoscopic oesophagitis or abnormal pH test.Results : Carditis was detected in 53 of 71 GERD patients and in 15 of 20 controls. Among patients, 18 showed absent, 39 mild and 14 marked cardia inflammation and their H. pylori infection rates were 17, 23 and 57%, respectively (P < 0.025). Most patients with carditis (68%) lacked H. pylori infection. pH‐metry was abnormal in 15 of 18 patients with normal cardia, 33 of 39 with mild carditis and 12 of 14 with marked inflammation.Conclusions : Carditis is a frequent finding in GERD and controls. Mild, non‐active carditis is frequent in GERD patients. Marked inflammation is associated with both H. pylori and abnormal pH testing. Thus, both GERD and H. pylori infection may play a role in inducing carditis.
Maternal distress, child behaviour, and disclosure of psychosocial concerns to a paediatrician
Authors: Wildman B. G , Stancin T. , Golden C. , Yerkey T. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBackground  Despite the availability of effective screening measures, primary care providers continue to fail to identify and manage many children with psychosocial problems. One of the best predictors of identification by a primary care physician is whether mothers disclose concerns about their child's psychosocial functioning to their child's physician. This study examined if maternal distress and child behaviour predicted whether mothers had and discussed concerns about their child's behaviour and emotions with paediatricians.Methods  Participants were 138 mothers who accompanied their 4–12‐year‐old children to a health supervision visit at an urban teaching hospital. Mothers completed a demographic questionnaire, the Pediatric Symptom Checklist, the Beck Depression Inventory, and an exit questionnaire.Results  Logistic regression correctly classified 97.3% of mothers who did not disclose child problems. Only 34.5% of mothers who did disclose were correctly classified.Conclusions  The results supported the hypothesis that mothers’ psychosocial functioning is significantly related to concern about child behaviour and disclosure of concerns to the paediatrician. The inability of child behaviour and maternal functioning to predict which mothers were concerned and disclosed concerns supports the hypothesis that disclosure and identification of psychosocial problems in primary care is complex and requires a multifactor model.