bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Novel Hematological Indices with Severity of Coronary
Artery Disease using SYNTAX Score in Patients with Acute Coronary
Syndrome
Authors: Mohanty Vivek , Sharma Shubham , Goswami Sourabh , Kaushik Atul , Choudhary Rahul , Yadav Dharamveer , Deora Surender , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Recent evidence suggests that systemic inflammation not only plays an
important role in the pathogenesis of Acute Coronary Syndrome but also correlates with disease
severity. Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), Neutrophil-Lymphocyte
Ratio (NLR), and Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) are novel systemic inflammation markers used for predicting the burden of coronary artery disease (CAD) based on SYNTAX score.
This single-center, cross-sectional, observational study compared the association of these novel
hematological indices with CAD severity using the SYNTAX Score in ACS patients and aimed
to determine the best predictor of the severity of CAD.

Methods:
A total of 403 consecutive patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography
were enrolled. On the basis of the SYNTAX Score, patients were divided into three groups:
Low: <22, Moderate 22 - 32 and High ≥ 32. MHR, MLR, and NLR were calculated and correlated with SYNTAX Score.

Results:
All three indices: MHR (r=0.511; p <0.001), MLR (r=0.373; p <0.001), and NLR
(r=0.292; p =0.001) showed significant correlation with SYNTAX Score. The MHR ROC was
significantly higher than that of MLR (difference between area: 0.158; 95% CI: 0.079-0.259) and
NLR (difference between area: 0.279; 95% CI: 0.172-0.419) for the SYNTAX Score. Analysis
showed a strong correlation between these indices with Syntax score >22 compared to low
scores <22 and that these also related to the LAD as an infarct artery. Multiple regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus, eGFR, Infarct-related artery left anterior descending (IRALAD), MHR, MLR, and NLR were predictors of the severity of CAD in ACS patients based on
SYNTAX score.

Conclusion:
In ACS patients MHR, MLR, and NLR showed significant correlation with Syntax
score >22 which may be indicative of severity of disease. MHR is a better predictor of the severity of CAD than MLR and NLR in ACS patients.
TG/HDL-C Ratio for Predicting Insulin Resistance in Obese Children
from Beijing, China
Authors: Zhang Tian , Duan Fangfang , Qian Yi , Zhang Jin , Sun Huihui , Wan Naijun 
Published: November 2023

Background:
International studies have found that the blood triglycerides to highdensity
lipoproteins (TG/HDL-C) ratio predicted insulin resistance in children with overweight
and obesity. However, there is a lack of such reports on children from China.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to explore the ability of the TG/HDL-C ratio as a blood
biomarker for insulin resistance (IR) in obese children in Beijing.

Methods:
We evaluated 262 children with obesity from our paediatric outpatient clinic in a
cross-sectional study. Detailed medical histories of all children were ascertained, as were clinical
examination and laboratory test results, including blood lipids, fasting glucose, insulin, and
glycated haemoglobin. We divided them into age groups of 6-9 and 10-13.5 years and then into
IR and non-IR groups based on the homeostatic model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR). Analysis
was accomplished with SPSS software (version 22.0).

Results:
The TG/HDL-C ratio was higher in children with IR in the 6-9 and 10-13.5-year age
groups (p < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses displayed that the TG/HDL-C ratio and
HOMA-IR were correlated in the 6-9 and 10-13.5-year-old groups (p < 0.05). In the 6-9-yearold
group, IR identified by a TG/HDL-C ratio ≥ 0.645 had a sensitivity, specificity, and an area
under the curve (AUC) of 79.1%, 60.9%, and 0.734, respectively. In the 10–13.5-year-old
group, IR identified by a TG/HDL-C ratio ≥ 0.725 had a sensitivity, specificity, and an AUC of
79.4%, 62.9%, and 0.724, respectively.

Conclusion:
We showed the application of the TG/HDL-C ratio to predict insulin resistance in
obese children in Beijing with different diagnostic thresholds based on age (6-9-year-old group
with TG/HDL-C ≥ 0.645; 10–13.5-year-old group with TG/HDL-C ≥ 0.725), which were lower
compared with the diagnostic threshold for insulin resistance in children reported in other countries.
Exploring the Interplay between Nutrients, Bacteriophages, and Bacterial Lipases in Host- and Bacteria-mediated Pathogenesis
Authors: Ghadimi Darab , Fölster-Holst Regina , Ebsen Michael , Röcken Christoph , Dörfer Christof , Uchiyama Jumpei , Matsuzaki Shigenobu , Bockelmann Wilhelm 
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims::
Pathogenic bacteria and host cells counteract or neutralize
each other's effect in two fundamental ways: Direct invasion and secretion of various substances.
Among these, lipases secreted by pathogenic bacteria and host cell lysozyme are key actors.
Secreted lipases from pathogenic bacterial are suggested as a key player in the pathogen-host
interaction. Among the gut microbial energy sources, glucose and fats have been referred to as
one of the best inducers and substrates for bacterial lipases. Enrichment of bacterial growth medium
with extra glucose or oil has been shown to induce lipase production in pathogenic bacteria.
More recently, research has focused on the role of human gut phage alterations in the onset
of dysbiosis because the bacteria-phage interactions can be dramatically affected by the nutrient
milieu of the gut. However, the reciprocal role of bacterial lipases and phages in this context has
not been well studied and there is no data available about how high glucose or fat availability
might modulate the cellular milieu of the pathogenic bacteria-phage-eukaryotic host cell interface.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunologic outcome of pathogenic bacteria-
phage interaction under normal, high glucose, and high butter oil conditions to understand
how nutrient availability affects lipase activity in pathogenic bacteria and, ultimately, the eukaryotic
host cell responses to pathogenic bacteria-phage interaction.

Materials and Methods::
10 groups of co-cultured T84 and HepG2 cells were treated with Pseudomonas
aeruginosa strain PAO1 (P.a PAO1) in the presence and absence of its KPP22 phage
and incubated in three different growth media (DMEM, DMEM + glucose and DMEM + butter
oil). Structural and physiological (barrier function and cell viability), inflammatory (IL-6 and
IL-8), metabolic (glucose and triglycerides), and enzymatic (lipases and lysozyme) parameters
were determined.

Results::
Excess glucose or butter oil enhanced additively extracellular lipase activity of P.a
PAO1. Excess glucose or butter oil treatments also magnified P. a PAO1- induced secretion of
inflammatory signal molecules (IL-1β, IL-6) from co-cultured cells, concomitant with the enhancement
of intracellular triglycerides in co-cultured HepG2 cells, these effects being abolished
by phage KPP22.

Conclusion::
The results of the present study imply that KPP22 phage influences the interplay
between food substances, gut bacterial lipases, and the gut cellular milieu. This can be applied
in two-way interaction: by affecting the microbial uptake of excess free simple sugars and fats
from the gut milieu leading to decreased bacterial lipases and by modulating the immune system
of the intestinal -liver axis cells. Further studies are needed to see if the biological consequences
of these effects also occur in vivo.
Case Report: Opposite Tumoral and Hormonal Responses to Low-dose
Pasireotide in Cushing’s Disease
Authors: Serban Andreea Liliana , Zampetti Benedetta , Saladino Andrea , Favero Vittoria , Chiodini Iacopo , Cozzi Renato 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Pasireotide is a multireceptor somatostatin analogue approved for the
treatment of patients with Cushing's disease (CD) who are ineligible or poor candidates for pituitary
surgery. Here we present a patient with severe recurrent CD who was treated with pasiretide
and showed opposite results between hormonal levels and pituitary tumour size.

Case Presentation::
A 54-year-old woman was diagnosed with CD, a first surgical transsphenoidal
procedure was performed at the time of diagnosis, and the disease recurred seven years
later. She underwent a second transsphenoidal surgery, but despite apparent complete removal
of the adenoma, the hypercortisolism worsened. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a tiny
remnant of the adenoma adjacent to the cavernous sinus, and ketoconazole was started at a dose
of 800 mg/day. Due to the persistence of pathological urinary free cortisol levels, 600 μg bid
pasireotide was added. The combination therapy induced first normalisation of urinary free cortisol
and later hypoadrenalism, so that ketoconazole was discontinued and pasireotide was maintained.
A marked clinical improvement was achieved with pasireotide. Adrenal insufficiency
persisted despite progressive tapering of the pasireotide dose to 150 mg once daily. Pituitary
magnetic resonance imaging performed at 12 and 24 months during low-dose pasireotide treatment
showed a few millimetres increase of the remnant.

Conclusions::
This report suggests that CD Pas induces an opposite effect between hormonal
profile and increase of pituitary tumor size. This peculiar phenomenon may be a consequence of
the unusually low doses of pasireotide needed to control hormonal hypersecretion.
A Comprehensive Review on Management and Treatment of Arthritis Specially
Emphasizing Treatment with Transdermal Patch
Authors: Kirtania Ranjan , Parvin Rizwana , Barman Sayan , Chakraborty Shreyasi , Das Laboni , Ghosal Kajal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Arthritis is one of the major inflammatory diseases and is a global issue. Arthritis is currently an utmost public health problem and it will further
impact the life of the geriatric population. There are several types of arthritis such as Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Gout, and Fibromyalgia,
which limit the mobility of the patient. In most cases, the reason for the disease is not known clearly and available treatment can reduce the
symptoms but cannot cure it completely. Though Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids, and Disease Modifying Anti
Rheumatic Drugs (DMADRS) are the first-line treatments available in arthritis, gastrointestinal discomfort, low solubility, strong first-pass
metabolism, low bioavailability, and systemic adverse reactions are the main drawbacks related to these drugs when used in long-term. Based on
the evidence related to side effects of the current treatment methodology, several recent studies and developments have been designed and
summarized in this field. From these studies, it has been observed that the transdermal drug delivery system can minimize the side effects
associated with the oral dosage forms and can deliver the drug directly to the target site along with controlled and prolonged drug release. Hence,
novel approaches in transdermal drug delivery systems like transdermal patches and microneedle therapy could be an alternative approach in the
treatment and management of arthritis.
Eco-friendly Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles: An Overview of the
Epoch-making Role of Natural Resources, Applications, and Recent
Developments
Authors: Khan Sameea Ahmed , Sharma Rajesh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Green synthesized metal nanoparticles offer a broad spectrum of applications. They also
offer unmatched significance because they are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and less toxic to human
beings. Copper nanoparticles, when synthesized using green protocols, exhibit enriched properties
and are substantially used in the preparation of nanofluids, medicine, conductive agents, etc. In this
review, we have highlighted how the side effects of synthetic compounds have paved the way to look
for greener alternatives in the field of nanomedicine. Green fabrication, characterization, and activities
of copper nanoparticles using different biological sources have been extensively studied and
reported. The biological sources have been broadly classified into two categories, plant-based and
microbial-based. Natural resources are a reservoir of flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, etc. They act
as reducing and stabilizing agents for nanoparticles. Bio-synthesized metal nanoparticles have presented
themselves as anti-microbial agents, bioreductors, cytotoxic agents, bioremediators, etc. This
review has described the effective utilization of natural resources for synthesizing copper nanoparticles.
It also emphasizes the recent developments in this field covering the diverse applications of the same.
Therapeutic Potential of Traditional Medicines and Natural Products for
COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Sharma Rahul Kumar , Kaur Ramandeep , Khushwah Ajay Singh , Sharma Shailesh , Sharma Neelam , Gaba Punam 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
he global threat posed by the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the search for
innovative treatments, sparking interest in the potential of natural materials as sources for antiviral medications. This paper delves into the realm of natural medicine, examining the utilization
of plant extracts and microbial compounds to combat viral diseases like COVID-19. While these
sources hold promise, safety remains paramount. Just as with conventional drugs, natural medications can yield adverse effects and interactions, necessitating rigorous evaluation. To mitigate
potential risks, techniques to reduce after-effects are explored, emphasizing the importance of
standardization and quality control. Integrating traditional knowledge with modern scientific
methods presents an opportunity to discover novel therapies. The development of potent and
effective natural antiviral medications and vaccines, crucial for managing future outbreaks, demands interdisciplinary collaboration, regulatory oversight, and comprehensive clinical trials. In
navigating the dynamic landscape of viral diseases, the exploration of natural sources complements conventional approaches, underlining the need for a holistic and balanced strategy.
An Adaptive Framework for Traffic Congestion Prediction using Deep Learning
Authors: Asif S. , Kartheeban Kamatchi 
Published: November 2023

Aim and background:
Congestion on China's roads has worsened in recent years due
to the country's rapid economic development, rising urban population, rising private car ownership,
inequitable traffic flow distribution, and growing local congestion. As cities expand, traffic
congestion has become an unavoidable nuisance that endangers the safety and progress of its residents.
Improving the utilization rate of municipal transportation facilities and relieving traffic
congestion depend on a thorough and accurate identification of the current state of road traffic and
necessitate anticipating road congestion in the city.

Methodology:
In this research, we suggest using a deep spatial and temporal graph convolutional
network (DSGCN) to forecast the current state of traffic congestion. To begin, we grid out the
transportation system to create individual regions for analysis. In this work, we abstract the grid
region centers as nodes, and we use an adjacency matrix to signify the dynamic correlations between
the nodes.

Results and Discussion:
The spatial correlation between regions is then captured utilizing a
Graph Convolutional-Neural-Network (GCNN), while the temporal correlation is captured using a
two-layer long and short-term feature model (DSTM).

Conclusion:
Finally, testing on real PeMS datasets shows that the DSGCN has superior performance
than other baseline models and provides more accurate traffic congestion prediction.
Strengths and Weaknesses of ChatGPT Models for Scientific Writing About Medical Vitamin B12: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Abuyaman Omar 
Published: November 2023

Background
ChatGPT is a large language model developed by OpenAI designed to generate human-like responses to prompts.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the ability of GPT-4 to generate scientific content and assist in scientific writing using medical vitamin B12 as the topic. Furthermore, the study will compare the performance of GPT-4 to its predecessor, GPT-3.5.

Methods
The study examined responses from GPT-4 and GPT-3.5 to vitamin B12–related prompts, focusing on their quality and characteristics and comparing them to established scientific literature.

Results
The results indicated that GPT-4 can potentially streamline scientific writing through its ability to edit language and write abstracts, keywords, and abbreviation lists. However, significant limitations of ChatGPT were revealed, including its inability to identify and address bias, inability to include recent information, lack of transparency, and inclusion of inaccurate information. Additionally, it cannot check for plagiarism or provide proper references. The accuracy of GPT-4’s answers was found to be superior to GPT-3.5.

Conclusions
ChatGPT can be considered a helpful assistant in the writing process but not a replacement for a scientist’s expertise. Researchers must remain aware of its limitations and use it appropriately. The improvements in consecutive ChatGPT versions suggest the possibility of overcoming some present limitations in the near future.
Exploring Parental Experiences With School-Aged Children Receiving Web-Based Learning: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Al Anazi Samaa , Bajamal Eman , Hantira Neama , Esheaba Ola 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Web-based learning has transformed education. Its ability to overcome physical barriers and deliver knowledge at the click of a button has made web-based learning popular and ensured that it will continue to be used in the future. The involvement of parents in web-based learning is fundamental to the success of the educational process, but limited attention has been paid to the impact of web-based learning on parents.

Objective
This study examined parental experiences with school-aged children receiving web-based learning in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods
We sent cross-sectional, anonymous web-based questionnaires to school-aged children’s parents. A total of 184 parents completed the survey.

Results
Parents’ negative experiences of web-based learning (mean 4.13, SD 0.62) exceeded their positive experiences (mean 3.52, SD 0.65). The most negative experience reported by parents was their child’s boredom due to prolonged sitting in front of a device (mean 4.56, SD 0.69). The most positive experience was their child’s technological skill enhancement (mean 3.98, SD 88). Their child’s lack of social interaction and friendship building promoted stress among parents (r=−0.190; P=.01). At the same time, their child’s technological skill enhancement reduced stress among parents (r=0.261; P=.001). The most reported (63/184, 34.2%) obstacle to web-based learning was having multiple learners in the same household.

Conclusion
Web-based learning is a fundamental learning method and will continue to be used in the future because of its ability to overcome many barriers to education. Parental involvement in the continuity and success of the web-based learning process is crucial. However, the findings of this study illustrated that parents’ experiences of web-based learning were more negative than positive. Parents who reported negative experiences reported an increase in stress and faced more obstacles due to web-based learning. Thus, more attention and intervention are needed to promote positive web-based learning experiences among parents.
Monoclonal Gammopathy and Its Association with Progression to Kidney Failure and Mortality in Patients with CKD
Authors: Sy-Go Janina Paula T. , Moubarak Simon , Vaughan Lisa E. , Klomjit Nattawat , Viehman Jason K. , Fervenza F.C. , Zand Ladan 
Published: November 2023

Background
Little is known about the prognostic significance of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined and renal significance (MGUS and MGRS) in patients with CKD. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and kidney outcomes of patients with CKD with either MGUS or MGRS compared with those with CKD without MGUS or MGRS.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2013 to 2018. Patients who had both CKD diagnosis and monoclonal testing were identified. Patients were divided into MGRS, MGUS, and no monoclonal gammopathy groups. Cumulative incidence functions and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to model time to event data and to evaluate the association between monoclonal gammopathy status and risk of kidney failure, with death treated as a competing risk.

Results
Among 1535 patients, 59 (4%) had MGRS, 648 (42%) had MGUS, and 828 (54%) had no monoclonal gammopathy. Unadjusted analysis showed that compared with no monoclonal gammopathy patients, patients with MGRS were at higher risk of kidney failure (hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval]: 2.5 [1.5 to 4.2] but not patients with MGUS (HR [95% confidence interval]: 1.3 [0.97 to 1.6]), after taking death into account as a competing risk. However, in the multivariable analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, eGFR, proteinuria, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, the risk of progression to kidney failure (with death as competing risk) in the MGRS group was no longer statistically significant (HR: 0.9 [0.5 to 1.8]). The same was also true for the MGUS group compared with the group with no monoclonal gammopathy (HR: 1.3 [0.95 to 1.6]). When evaluating the association between MGUS/MGRS status and overall survival, MGRS was significantly associated with mortality in fully adjusted models compared with the group with no monoclonal gammopathy, while MGUS was not.

Conclusions
After adjusting for traditional risk factors, MGUS/MGRS status was not associated with a greater risk of kidney failure, but MGRS was associated with a higher risk of mortality compared with patients with no monoclonal gammopathy.
Reinventing The Interpretation of Taqiyya Verse for Strengthening Religious Tolerance
Authors: Lilik Ummi Kaltsum  , Ahmad Syaifuddin Amin  
Published: November 2023

Even though the teaching of taqiyya is explicitly mentioned in the Qur’an, this concept is often negatively connoted as a heretical doctrine of a particular group, especially the Shia. This study aims to explore the interpretation of the Qur’an commentators towards the taqiyya verse (Q.S. Āli Imrān [3]: 28) in order to formulate the concept of taqiyya which can be actualized for the benefit of religious life. By examining the interpretations of some Qur’an commentators from various Islamic sects and implementing the descriptive-analytical method, the study concluded that the interpretation of taqiyya verse is not only limited to life-threatening emergency situations among kāfir ḥarbi, but also considered to be practiced in Muslim relations with non-Muslims or fellow Muslims in ordinary situations. Thus, taqiyya can manifest two main components of tolerance; patience and endurance by hiding beliefs or understandings that have the potential to disrupt the unity and integrity of multicultural society.