bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of Multimodal Data Sources for Enhanced Skin Disease Classification and Cancer Prediction: A Study Leveraging Pre-Trained Models on HAM_10000 Metadata and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) Images.
Authors: Khan Aamir , S. Nisha Chandran , Gangodkar D.R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Skin diseases, disorders, and deficiencies are fundamental issues in the human body. Over the last few decades, they have become widely prevalent, often leading to cancer. This spectrum of ailments ranges from benign conditions to potentially life-threatening cancers, posing significant challenges to global health. Accurate classification of these diseases and timely prediction of malignant transformations are crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment planning. In our research paper, we propose an innovative approach that levitation multimodal data integration to enhance the precision of skin disease classification and improve the prediction of cancerous transformations. The study utilizes the HAM_10000 Metadata, a dataset comprising diverse skin lesions, along with 100 high-resolution images of Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). Pre-trained models, specifically multi-model CNNs, are employed to extract intricate patterns and features. By amalgamating information from these heterogeneous sources and implementing advanced machine learning techniques, the results highlight the effectiveness of this integrative methodology. This approach can revolutionize the fields of dermatology and oncology by providing patients with skin diseases accurate, efficient, and early diagnoses of skin disease. Through this method, it was discovered that SCC images might hold a higher priority for skin cancer identification, achieving an accuracy rate of 92% on the original dataset.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of Seed Priming by using Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on Growth, Yield and Quality attributes traits of radish (Raphanus sativus) under soil less cultivation.
Authors: Kumar Harendra , Agarwal Ankur , Sahay Devi , Ballabh Basant , Prakash Om 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Seed priming is a technique which used to induce metabolic germination processes. Among plant growth regulators salicylic or gibberellic acids play a vital role in the aspects of biochemical processes during maturation (germination) and plant growth and development. The aim of present experiment was to find out the effect of GA3 on growth and yield attributes of radish (Raphanus sativus) under soil less cultivation. An experiment was conducted during September to November 2020 at DIBER, DRDO, Haldwani, Nainital (Uttarakhand). under present experiment the results found that maximum plant height (62.27cm), leaf length (38.33cm), Root length (29.27cm), Root width (6.80cm), Girth of root (8.93cm), Edible length of root (13.57cm), Total yield of /plant (342.00g), Yield of root /plant (234.00g), yield of leaf/plant(112.00g), Dry wt. of root (45.37g), dry wt. of leaf 10.69(g), TSS(9.00), and Chlorophyll content(50.93) found in GA3 concentration and time duration (10ppm and 1 hours) while highest No. of leaf (11.67), Germination %(84) was observed in GA3 (30ppm and 1 hours).
Pan-cancer analysis unveiling the diagnostic, prognostic, and immunological role of crotonylation in human cancers
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Wang Yubang , Zhao Jinyu , Chan Shixin , Zhan Ying , Meng Tao , Xu Yuanhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Crotonylation is an important acylation modification, which regulates multiple physiological processes, such as RNA processing, nucleotide metabolism, chromatin reorganization, protein activity regulation, and protein localization. However, the managing mechanisms of crotonylation in cancer remain unknown. In the present study, a systematic pan-cancer analysis was performed to explore its diagnostic, prognostic, and immunological value across cancers.
Method
We consulted various public databases including Firehose database, UCSC Xena database, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype Tissue Expression Project, TIMER2.0, and TISCH databases for the extraction of pan-cancer data on crotonylation. We identified the mutation frequency, compared the mutation types, and depicted mutation profiles of crotonylation-associated genes. By the methods of GSVA and GSEA, we deeply excavated the biological role of crotonylation in pan-cancer, and clarified the association between crotonylation and drug resistance.
Result
Based on the TCGA data, we found that most of the crotonylation-related genes were differentially expressed in tumors, which was caused by somatic copy number alterations (SCNA) and DNA methylation. To reveal the functional role of crotonylation, we devised a novel term potential index (PI). PI was lower in tumor tissues than in normal tissues and had close correlations with different molecular subtypes and clinical features in most cancers. Moreover, PI was negatively correlated with multiple metabolic pathways and immune function, but positively associated with some important malignancy features or pathways. These findings contributed to gaining insight into the underlying mechanisms of tumor development and provided new ideas and approaches for anti-tumor therapy.
Conclusion
We found that crotonylation has excellent abilities to diagnose and predict prognosis in a variety of cancers. Furthermore, crotonylation may reshape the tumor microenvironment and induce an “immune desert” status, and therefore the potential of crotonylation-based cancer therapies has been underscored which simultaneously helps facilitate the capacity to predict the response to immunotherapy. As a result, crotonylation is expected to be an important target for future cancer treatments.
Detection of structural pulmonary changes with real-time and high-fidelity analysis of expiratory CO2
Authors: Sassmann Teresa , Kovacs Gabor , Douschan Philipp , Foris Vasile , Gumpoldsberger Maximilian , John Nikolaus , Zeder Katarina , Zirlik Andreas , Olschewski Horst , Pienn Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
There is an unmet need for easily available sensitive markers of structural lung disease. Assessment of lung diffusion capacity with foreign gases is currently state-of-the-art, however, results are unspecific and the methods are technically demanding. We developed a fully-automatic algorithm to analyze high-fidelity expiratory CO2 flows from resting ventilation and compared the derived readouts with the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) regarding their diagnostic accuracy.
Methods
This pilot study enrolled clinically well characterized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and controls without lung disease from a pulmonary hypertension clinic and investigated them by means of our newly developed algorithm. We evaluated dead-, mixed- and alveolar space volumes (DSV, MSV, ASV, respectively), their respective ventilatory equivalents for CO2 (EqCO2) and the fraction of expiratory CO2 (FECO2) over expired volume (VE) as primary readouts for diagnosis of structural lung disease and pulmonary hypertension.
Results
We enrolled 52 subjects, 11 COPD (7 men; median (IQR) age 64 (63–69) years), 10 ILD (7 men; 61 (54–77) years), 10 PAH patients (1 man; 64 (61–73) years) and 21 healthy controls (9 men; 56 (52–61) years; 11 non-smokers). Patients, compared to controls, showed higher MSV (221 (164–270) mL vs. 144 (131–167) mL, p < 0.001) and higher EqCO2 of the whole exhalation (38 (34–42) vs. 30 (29–35), p < 0.001), respectively. While EqCO2 was elevated in all diseased groups, MSV was only increased in COPD and ILD but not in PAH. MSV and maximum FECO2/VE slope were significantly correlated with DLCO (ρ=-0.69 and ρ = 0.72, respectively; both p < 0.001). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, MSV distinguished diseased from healthy subjects with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.69–0.93) with an optimal cut-off at 191 mL (sensitivity 68%, specificity 90%), and the parenchymal diseases COPD and ILD from PAH with AUC 0.74 (95% CI: 0.55–0.92), optimal cut-off at 210 mL; sensitivity 71%, specificity 80%).
Conclusions
Fully-automatic high-fidelity expiratory CO2 flow analysis is technically feasible, easy and safe to perform, and may represent a novel approach to detect structural changes of the lung parenchyma and/or pulmonary hypertension without need for foreign gas.
Diurnal-Scale Time Lag between Canopy Temperature and Environmental Factors of Winter Wheat
Authors: Xu Qi , Wu Tiankui , Zhang Xing , Huang Jialiang , Chen Yinwen , Zhang Zhitao , Li Xianwen , Chen Junying , Zhao Xiao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Exploring and quantifying the lag effect between environment factors and canopy temperature can improve the accuracy of using environmental factors to predict canopy temperature. In order to quantitatively analyze the lag relationship, we continuously monitored the canopy temperature (Tc) of winter wheat, and simultaneously collected the data of such environmental factors as net radiation (Rn), atmospheric temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH) and soil heat flux (SHF). With the synchronous diurnal time series, we analyzed the lag relationships between Tc-Rn, Tc-Ta, Tc-RH and Tc-SHF using the bivariate plot; calculated the lag time at jointing stage, heading stage and filling stage using time-lagged correlation analysis; established the Tc lag response model based on Rn, Ta, RH and SHF respectively using the least square. The results indicated that: in sunny days, (1) the hysteresis loops of Tc-Rn, Tc-Ta, Tc-RH were approximately bow-shaped, Tc-SHF was approximately “figure-8”-shaped, and their directions were anticlockwise, clockwise, anticlockwise and clockwise; (2) in the jointing, heading and filling stages of wheat, Tc was 50 min behind Rn; Ta 40, 30 and 30 min behind Tc respectively; RH 30, 40 and 10 min behind Tc respectively; and no lag was found between Tc and SHF; (3) lag effect could improve the accuracy of the Tc response model, because in the jointing, heading and filling stages, the Radj2(adjusted coefficient of determination) of Tc response model based on Rn (Rn-Tc) had increased 13.46%, 13.64% and 12.32% respectively; the Radj2 of Ta-Tc increased 9.02%, 6.31% and 5.56%; and the Radj2 of RH-Tc increased 6.53%, 9.33% and 1.61%. This study may provide some reference for the research on mechanism influencing canopy temperature change.
Hypoxia-Related lncRNA Correlates with Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Chen Yu , Chen Shen , Cheng Quan , Ji Dan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Genes related to hypoxia are correlated to the prognosis of a variety of solid malignant tumors. However, How hypoxia related lncRNA function in Uveal Melanoma is still rare.
Methods
From TCGA database, eighty UVM samples were incorporated. Prognostic HRL was screened by COX univariate analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. HRL characteristics were constructed using Lasso analysis. Gene enrichment analysis revealed the linkage of HRLs to immune features. CCK8 assay was adopted to measure the propagation of MuM2B cells, while tumor invasion and migration were appraised by Transwell and Wound-healing experiments. Inflammatory factors and macrophage polarization were evaluated by qPCR.
Results
621 prognostic HRLs were screened and was constructed in 12 HRLs. Risk score showed salient correlation with survival time of UVM patients. In addition, HRL was correlated with diverse key immune checkpoints, revealing possible targets for immunotherapy. Immune-related pathways were highly enriched in high-risk group. Protective HRL, LINC02367, was saliently associated with microenvironment and survival time of UVM patients. In vitro assays demonstrated LINC02367 significantly affected the propogation and migration of MuM2B. LINC02367 modulates macrophage polarization through inflammatory factor levels thereby affecting the immune microenvironment
Conclusions
In our study, a novel HRL signature was developed to predict the prognosis of UVM patients. HRLs are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for UVM.
Integrated Bioinformatics, Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Explore the Mechanisms of Taohong Siwu Decoction in the Treatment of Tendinopathy
Authors: Li Pengfei , Pan Shinong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the potential mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) in the treatment of tendinopathy using bioinformatics, network pharmacology, and molecular docking methods.
Methods: The human tendinopathy expression microarray dataset was obtained from the GEO database. Bioinformatics methods were employed to screen differentially expressed genes. Disease-associated genes related to tendinopathy were identified using relevant databases. Potential targets of THSWD for treating tendinopathy were identified and subjected to functional and pathway enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of potential therapeutic targets was constructed, along with a drug components-disease target-signaling pathway network.
Results: A total of 867 tendinopathy-related targets were confirmed, while 45 active ingredients of THSWD resulted in retrieval of 216 corresponding tendinopathy targets. THSWD primarily modulates signaling pathways such as IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway associated with diabetic complications, as well as other signaling pathways for effective treatment of tendinopathy. Molecular docking simulations demonstrated high binding activity between core active compounds and hub genes.
Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of THSWD on tendinopathy is achieved through a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway approach involving primarily the IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications.
Computational and Experimental Static Stability Analysis of Rectangular Prisms
Authors: Bergeron Keith , Fagley Casey , Ghoreyshi Mehdi , Siefers Timothy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Rectangular prism-shaped cargo containers are investigated for future aerial delivery and helicopter sling load operations. The aerodynamic stability characteristics of two representative container shapes, the Twenty-foot-equivalent (TEU) and Internal Slingable Unit (ISU®)-90, are analyzed using a combined computational simulation and wind tunnel experimentation campaign. Integrated forces and moments, as well as static stability, are examined for the two shapes at Mach of 0.15, and 0.2. Six models are used in total, three for each of the two container shapes, with axial, normal, and side orientations. The findings provide insights into the aerodynamic stability of rectangular prisms as cargo containers in various flight conditions, which have implications for aerial delivery and helicopter sling load operations. Specifically, the computational simulations and experimental surface flow measurements identify flow separation and reattachment processes which directly influence longitudinal, lateral and directional stability characteristics.
Modulation of dysbiotic vaginal complications by cervical mucus revealed in linked human vagina and cervix chips
Authors: Gutzeit Ola , GULATI Aakanksha , IZADIFAR Zohreh , STEJSKALOVA Anna , RHBINY Hassan , COTTON Justin , BUDNIK Bogdan , SHAHRIAR Sanjid , GOYAL Girija , JUNAID Abidemi , INGBER Donald E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The cervicovaginal mucus which coats the upper surface of the vaginal epithelium is thought to serve as a selective barrier that helps to clear pathogens, however, its role in modulating the physiology and pathophysiology of the human vagina is poorly understood. Bacterial vaginosis (BV), a common disease of the female reproductive tract that increases susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, preterm birth, and both maternal and neonatal infections is characterized by the presence of a wide array of strict and facultative anaerobes, often including Gardnerella vaginalis.
Objective
To assess the role of cervical mucus in preventing dysbiosis-associated complications and preserving vaginal health.
Study Design:
To better understand the role of cervicovaginal mucus in vaginal health, we used human organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) microfluidic culture technology to analyze the effects of cervical mucus produced in a human Cervix Chip and then transferred to a human Vagina Chip BV model. Both chips are lined by primary human organ-specific (cervical or vaginal) epithelium interfaced with organ-specific stromal fibroblasts.
Results
Our data show that mucus-containing effluents from Cervix Chips protect Vagina Chips from inflammation and epithelial cell injury caused by co-culture with a dysbiotic microbiome containing G. vaginalis. Proteomic analysis of proteins produced by the Vagina Chip following treatment with the Cervix Chip mucus also revealed a collection of differentially abundant proteins that may contribute to the vaginal response to a dysbiotic microbiome, which could represent potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the management of BV.
Conclusions
This study highlights the importance of cervical mucus in controlling human vaginal physiology and pathophysiology, and demonstrates the potential value of Organ Chip technology for studies focused on the health and diseases of the female reproductive tract.
Morphological and morphometric anatomy of the lesser occipital nerve and its possible clinical relevance
Authors: Sağlam Latif , Coşkun Osman , Gayretli Özcan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The lesser occipital nerve (LON) has one of the most variations among occipital nerves. We aimed to investigate morphological and morphometric features of LON. Twenty-four cadavers were dissected bilaterally. LON was classified into 3 types. The number of branches and the perpendicular distances of the point where LON emerged from the posterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) to vertical and transverse lines passing through external occipital protuberance (EOP) were determined. The shortest distance between LON and greater auricular nerve (GAN), and linear distance of LON to its branching point were measured. The most common variant was Type 1 (30 sides, 62.5%), followed by Type 2 (12 sides, 25%) and Type 3 (6 sides, 12.5%), respectively. On 48 sides, 2-9 branches of LON were observed. The perpendicular distance of said point to vertical and transverse lines was meanly 63.69±11.28 mm and 78.83±17.21 mm, respectively. The shortest distance between LON and GAN was meanly 16.62±10.59 mm. The linear distance of LON to its branching point was meanly 31.24±15.95 mm. The findings reported in this paper may help clinicians in estimating the location of the nerve and/or its branches for block or decompression surgery as well as preservation of LON during related procedures.
Policy dimension for promoting inter and intra-varietal diversity and evolutionary crop populations
Authors: Joshi Bal Krishna , Neupane Shree Prasad , Gauchan Devendra , Karkee Ajaya , Ayer Dipendra , Mengistu Dejene Kassahun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The value of broad genetic base cultivars is often underestimated in the formal seed system, which primarily emphasizes uniform, monogenotyped varieties to ensure food security. To gather insights on the significance of farmer's varieties, cultivar mixtures, and evolutionary populations, a comprehensive approach involving surveys, focus group discussions, interviews, and literature reviews was undertaken. Current legal frameworks in seed systems and variety handling predominantly serve the interests of seed companies, breeders, and extension officials, with limited consideration for the needs and preferences of farmers. This results in farmer's varieties, characterized by their high genetic variation, as well as cultivar mixtures and evolutionary populations, receiving limited support within the policy framework. These broad genetic base cultivars have been cultivated and preserved by farmers for generations and exhibit resilience to diverse environmental conditions. The formal seed system, which has gained prominence, has separated farmers from a crucial aspect of their agricultural heritage. It is now managed by government offices and private seed companies, necessitating financial contributions from farmers to participate in the seed system. To encourage the cultivation of site-specific varieties with substantial genetic diversity, there is a need to promote these varieties, whether registered or unregistered, through a legal framework that encompasses all agricultural produce, not solely seeds. Such a framework acknowledges the capacity of farmers to independently maintain and cultivate their seeds, contributing to the preservation of genetic diversity and sustainable agriculture.
Performance assessment of solar flat plate collector with wavy shaped riser tubes
Authors: Shivanayak Lakshmikant , S Gowreesh subramanya , Re N sreenivasalu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Using riser tubes with a wavy shape, the effectiveness of flat plate solar collectors (FPSCs) was examined experimentally. For the investigations, a set of riser tubes with pitches of 10, 20, and 40 mm and a Reynolds number that varied between 5500 to 14,500 were used. The improvement of the Nusselt number for the 40 mm pitch with respect to the plain tube data is 6.97% and 16.9% at Reynolds numbers of 5500 and 14,500, respectively. In comparison to plain tube, the Nusselt number is increased to 16.27% and 31.46% for a 10 mm pitch at Reynolds numbers of 5500 and 14,500, respectively. At a pitch of 40 mm and a Reynolds number of 14,500, the plain tube collector's effectiveness is increased to 75%.