bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors for acute renal failure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization: a prospective study
Authors: Huo Teh‐Ia , Wu Jaw‐Ching , Lee Pui‐Ching , Chang Full‐Young , Lee Shou‐Dong 
Published: June 2004

Abstract: Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is effective for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Considerable amounts of radiocontrast agent are used for TACE and may induce renal dysfunction.Method: This study prospectively investigated the incidence and risk factors of acute renal failure (ARF), defined as an increase of serum creatinine level >1.5 mg/dl after TACE.Results: ARF developed in 12 (8.6%) of 140 patients after TACE. Univariate analysis showed that number of treatment sessions (2.3±1.4 vs 1.3±1.6, P=0.013), Child–Pugh class B (50% vs 21%, P=0.035) and the occurrence of severe postembolization syndrome (75% vs 30%, P=0.020) were significantly associated with the development of ARF. Multivariate logistic regression analysis disclosed that the proportional increased risk of ARF was 65% for each additional TACE therapy (odds ratio [OR]: 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–2.41, P=0.010). Other independent risk factors were Child–Pugh class B (OR: 12.82, 95% CI: 2.44–67.29, P=0.003) and severe postembolization syndrome (OR: 6.64, 95% CI: 1.60–27.49, P=0.009). Four (33%) of the patients with ARF developed irreversible renal function impairment, and diabetes mellitus was the only associated factor (P=0.067) in this group.Conclusions: ARF after TACE is closely associated with number of treatment sessions, severity of cirrhosis and development of severe postembolization syndrome. Effective preventive measures should be undertaken especially in high‐risk patients.
Hepatitis C virus infection in human liver tissue engrafted in mice with an infectious molecular clone
Authors: Maeda Norio , Watanabe Mamoru , Okamoto Susumu , Kanai Takanori , Yamada Taketo , Hata Jun‐ichi , Hozumi Nobumichi , Katsume Asao , Nuriya Hideko , Sandhu Jasbir , Ishii Hiromasa , Kohara Michinori , Hibi Toshifumi 
Published: June 2004

Abstract: Background/aims: Recent advances in molecular cloning of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have enabled us to apply some available HCV molecular clones to experimental studies. However, these investigations have been restricted to chimpanzee models or ‘isolated hepatocytes’ from tree shrews. In this study, we engrafted ‘human liver tissue’ into immunodeficient mice and investigated HCV infection using an infectious molecular clone.Methods: Human liver tissues from normal (non‐HCV‐infected) liver were transplanted into non‐obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice. We then inoculated the mice with sera from HCV‐infected patients or an infectious HCV molecular clone. HCV RNA was assessed using nested reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real‐time detection PCR and in situ PCR.Results: Without any growth support, normal human liver tissues survived in NOD/SCID mice while maintaining the original viable hepatic architecture. HCV RNA was detected in the mice serum until the fourth week after the inoculation. In situ PCR and immunohistochemistry clearly demonstrated positive signals for HCV in the cytoplasm of infected hepatocytes, while the engrafted human liver tissues showed no apparent morphological changes indicative of infection.Conclusion: Engraftment of human liver tissues into NOD/SCID mice and infection with HCV molecular clones could offer a reverse genetic strategy for HCV infection.
Hepatocyte survival depends on β1‐integrin‐mediated attachment of hepatocytes to hepatic extracellular matrix
Authors: Pinkse Gabriëlle G.M. , Voorhoeve Mathijs P. , Noteborn Mathieu , Terpstra Onno T. , Bruijn Jan Anthonie , De Heer Emile 
Published: June 2004

Abstract: Background: A major drawback of allogeneic hepatocyte transplantation is the lack of sustained survival of the transplanted cells in the recipient liver parenchyma. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the presence or absence of hepatic extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules on hepatocyte survival and function following hepatocyte isolation for transplantation purposes, and the role of β1‐integrin molecules therein.Methods: Hepatocytes, either untreated or treated with anti‐β1 integrin antibodies or RGD peptides, were seeded on wells precoated with collagen type I, type IV, laminin, fibronectin or polyhydroxyethylmehacrylate. The extent of attachment and apoptosis was evaluated.Results: When hepatocytes were added into wells precoated with either fibronectin, or collagen type IV, rapid spreading and prolonged survival occurred, in contrast to hepatocytes that were seeded in wells precoated with collagen type I or polyhydroxyethylmehacrylate. Pretreatment of the cells with anti‐β1‐integrin antibodies resulted in reduction of cell attachment to laminin, fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen IV. Synthetic RGD (arginine–glycine–aspartate)‐peptides and anti‐β1 antibodies inhibited apoptosis of cultured hepatocytes.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that embedding of hepatocytes within their normal liver ECM surroundings maintains their survival. When detached from their natural surrounding hepatocytes enter into apoptosis, unless treated with anti‐β1‐integrin antibodies or RGD peptides. This knowledge will allow improvement of hepatocyte transplantation efficiency.
Virological, immunological and histological aspects in adult β‐thalassemic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Siagris D. , Giannakoulas N. , Christofidou M. , Tsamandas A. , Lekkou A. , Thomopoulos K. , Zoumbos N. , Labropoulou‐Karatza Ch. 
Published: June 2004

Abstract: Objectives: Multitransfused adult β‐thalassemic patients constitute a population with high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, because of transmission of HCV from infected blood donors prior to the introduction of anti‐HCV screening. The aim of this study was to compare them with otherwise normal patients with HCV infection.Methods: Forty‐two adult multitransfused β‐thalassemics and 49 otherwise normal patients of the same age, with chronic HCV infection were studied. Viral parameters, autoimmunity indices and liver histology were evaluated.Results: Serum HCV RNA levels were found significantly lower in thalassemic (median: 65 150 international units per milliliter (IU/ml); range: 3 059 380 IU/ml) than in non‐thalassemic (NT) patients (median: 580 000 IU/ml; range: 10 956 000 IU/ml; P=0.001). The most prevalent genotype in thalassemic group was genotype 4 (32.4%) while in NT group was genotype 3a (59.2%). Cryoglobulins were detected in 8/42 (19%) thalassemic patients and in 12/49 (24.5%) NTs. Thalassemic patients had significantly lower levels of C3 and C4 components of complement and higher incidence of anti‐nuclear antibodies than those without thalassemia. In patients with thalassemia a lower grading score was noted in liver biopsy compared with those without thalassemia (4.41±1.98 vs 5.38±2.09, P=0.038). On the contrary, thalassemic patients were found to have a higher staging score (3.08±1.51 vs 2.33±1.34, P=0.024).Conclusions: Adult β‐thalassemic patients, compared with other patients with HCV infection, present lower necroinflammatory activity and lower viral load but higher staging score. Autoimmune features are marginally different. Age of acquiring the infection, iron overload and modulation of immune system by transfusions are the proposed causes of these differences.
Increased Dosage during Intracoronary Irradiation Due to Overlapped Source Stepping Shows No Long‐Term Adverse Changes in Vessel Morphology
Authors: SYEDA BONNI , YAHYA NABIL , SCHMID RAINER , KIRISITS CHRISTIAN , DENK STEFAN , DERNTL MICHAEL , SCHUKRO CHRISTOPH , POKRAJAC BORIS , POTTER RICHARD , GLOGAR DIETMAR 
Published: June 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate if overdosage during intracoronary irradiation due to overlapped source stepping may result in long‐term morphologic changes in vessel anatomy.
Methods: Baseline angiograms of patients with in‐stent restenosis undergoing coronary reintervention followed by intracoronary irradiation with source stepping were analyzed. Overlapping was considered present for the segment with overlapped reference isodose length (RIL) (RIL = segment with ≥90% of reference dose at 1 mm vessel wall depth). Baseline and 6‐months follow‐up volumetric intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) analysis were performed for the overlapped segment and for proximal and distal segments of equal length.
Results: Overlapping was found in six patients (three patients: 32P treatment; three patients: 90Sr/Y treatment); final analysis was performed in four patients. Comparison of the baseline and follow‐up IVUS volumetric parameters revealed no significant change in lumen or vessel volumes at segments of overlaps in comparison to proximal and distal reference segments.
Conclusion: Increased dosage due to overlapping during source stepping is not associated with morphologic changes in vessel anatomy at follow‐up. (J Interven Cardiol 2004;17:143–149)
Mandibular overdentures supported by two Brånemark, IMZ or ITI implants: a 5‐year prospective study
Authors: Meijer Henny J.A. , Batenburg Rutger H.K. , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Vissink Arjan 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjectives:The aim of this prospective comparative study was to evaluate the survival rate and the condition of the peri‐implant tissues of the IMZ implant system (two‐stage cylindertype), the Brånemark implant system (two‐stage screwtype) and the ITI implant system (one‐stage screwtype) supporting a mandibular overdenture during a 5‐year follow‐up period.Material and Methods: Three groups of 30 edentulous patients were treated with two endosseous implants in the interforaminal region of the mandible. Clinical and radiographic parameters were evaluated immediately after completion of the prosthetic treatment and after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years of functional loading.Results: The five‐year survival rate is 98.3% for the IMZ group, 98.3% for the Brå group and 100% for the ITI group. Mean scores on indices for plaque, calculus, gingiva and bleeding were very low at all evaluation periods. Mean marginal bone loss over a period of 5 years, was 1.4 mm for the IMZ group, 0.7 mm for the Brå group and 0.9 mm for the ITI group.Conclusion: It is concluded that two implants placed in the interforaminal region, connected with a bar, supply a proper base for the support of a mandibular overdenture in the edentulous patient. After 5 years no clinically relevant and statistically significant radiographic changes had developed between the three implant systems.
Some risk factors for periodontal bone loss in 50‐year‐old individuals
Authors: Paulander Jörgen , Wennström Jan L. , Axelsson Per , Lindhe Jan 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjective: The aim of this 10‐year prospective study of 50‐year‐old individuals was to analyze the incidence of periodontal bone loss and potential risk factors for periodontal bone loss.Methods: The subject sample was generated from an epidemiological survey performed in 1988 of subjects living in the County of Värmland, Sweden. A randomized sample of 15% of the 50‐year‐old inhabitants in the county was drawn. At the 10‐year follow‐up in 1998, 320 (75%) of the 449 individuals examined at baseline were available for re‐examination, out of which 4 had become edentulous. Full‐mouth clinical and radiographic examinations and questionnaire surveys were performed in 1988 and 1998. Two hundred and ninety‐five individuals (69%) had complete data for inclusion in the analysis of radiographic bone changes over 10 years. Non‐parametric tests, correlations and stepwise multiple regression models were used for statistical analysis of the data.Results: The mean alveolar bone level (ABL) in 1988 was 2.2 mm (0.05) and a further 0.4 mm (0.57) (p=0.000) was lost over the 10 years. Eight percent of the subject sample showed no loss, while 5% experienced a mean bone loss of 1 mm. Smoking was found to be the strongest individual risk predictor (RR=3.2; 95% CI 2.03–5.15). When including as smokers only those individuals who had continued with the habit during the entire 10‐year follow‐up period, the relative risk was slightly increased (3.6; 95% CI 2.32–5.57). Subjects who had quit smoking before the baseline examination did not demonstrate a significantly increased risk for disease progression (RR=1.3; 95% CI 0.57–2.96). Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that smoking, % approximal sites with probing pocket depth 4 mm, number of teeth and systemic disease were significant explanatory factors for 10‐year ABL loss (R2=0.12). For never smokers, statistically significant predictors were number of teeth, mean ABL, % periodontally healthy approximal sites and educational level (R2=0.20).Conclusion: The inclusion of smokers in risk analysis for periodontal diseases may obstruct the possibility to detect other true risk factors and risk indicators.
Tooth loss during maintenance following periodontal treatment in a periodontal practice in Norway
Authors: Fardal Øystein , Johannessen Anne C. , Linden Gerard J. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBackground: Periodontal therapy coupled with careful maintenance has been shown to be effective in maintaining periodontal health; however, a small number of teeth are still lost because of progressive periodontitis.Aim: To investigate factors associated with tooth loss due to periodontal reasons during maintenance following periodontal treatment in patients in a Norwegian specialist periodontal practice. The study also examined how initial prognosis related to actual outcome as measured by periodontal tooth loss.Methods: Hundred consecutive patients (68 females, 32 males) who had comprehensive periodontal treatment and attended for 9.8 (SD: 0.7), range: 9–11 years of maintenance care, were studied. All teeth classified as being lost due to periodontal disease over the period were identified.Results: Only 36 (1.5%) of the 2436 teeth present at baseline were subsequently lost due to periodontal disease. There were 26 patients who lost at least one tooth. Logistic regression analysis showed that tooth loss was significantly related to male gender (p=0.049; adjusted odds ratio: 2.8; confidence interval (c.i.): 1.0–8.1), older age, i.e.>60 years (p=0.012; adjusted odds ratio: 4.0; c.i.: 1.3–12.0) and smoking (p=0.019; adjusted odds ratio: 4.2; c.i.: 1.4–13.8). The majority 27 (75%) of the teeth lost due to periodontal disease had been assigned an uncertain, poor or hopeless initial prognosis; however, nine teeth (25%) lost had been assigned a good prognosis at baseline. The prognosis for 202 teeth was judged to have worsened over the period of the study.Conclusion: Compliance with maintenance following periodontal treatment was associated with very low levels of tooth loss in a referral practice in rural Norway. Male gender, older age (>60 years) and smoking were predictors of tooth loss due to progressive periodontitis.
Plasma antibody levels in periodontitis patients and controls
Authors: Graswinckel J. E. M. , Van Der Velden U. , Van Winkelhoff A. J. , Hoek F. J. , Loos B. G. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBackground: A major aspect of the adaptive host response in periodontitis is the production of antibodies. Several risk and susceptibility factors for periodontitis, including smoking, age and composition of the subgingival microflora, have also been suggested to influence antibody production.Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate plasma levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, A and M antibodies in periodontitis patients of Caucasian European heritage in relation to disease severity, smoking, diagnosis and prevalence of periodontopathogens.Methods: In this study, 29 patients with severe periodontitis, 51 with moderate periodontitis and 55 controls without periodontal destruction were enrolled. From the total of 80 patients, 18 were diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis and 62 with chronic periodontitis. Total IgG, IgA and IgM as well as IgG isotypes were analyzed in plasma samples.Results: Levels of total IgG, IgA and IgM were not different between patients and controls; however, in periodontitis, higher levels of IgG1 and IgG2 were observed. Smoking appeared to be significantly and inversely related to antibody levels in periodontitis, in particular for total IgG and IgG2. The absence of an elevated total IgG and IgG2 in smoking patients was irrespective of severity, prevalence of periodontal pathogens and diagnosis. The elevation of total IgG and IgG1 and IgG2 in non‐smoker periodontitis patients was observed in patients with moderate periodontitis and even greater in patients with severe periodontitis, but was independent whether patients were infected with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans or Porphyromonas gingivalis and independent of diagnosis. Clinically, it was observed that patients who smoked had more periodontal bone loss; the current findings on antibody levels may be one of several mechanisms related to more extensive periodontal breakdown in smoker patients.Conclusion: The current study shows that non‐smoker periodontitis patients have higher levels of total IgG and IgG2 than smoker periodontitis patients.
Quantification of dental plaque on lingual tooth surfaces using image analysis: reliability and validation
Authors: Smith R.N. , Rawlinson A. , Lath D. , Elcock C. , Walsh T.F. , Brook A.H. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to increase the versatility and further validate the method reported by Smith et al. (2001) by testing the reliability of plaque measurement against two well‐known dental plaque quantification methodologies using image analysis in a clinical trial.Method: The teeth of 40 subjects were disclosed before digital images of the labial and lingual surfaces of their upper and lower incisors were acquired. The amount of plaque present was quantified using a modification of the method described by Smith et al. (2001). The method was modified for obtaining images of the lingual surfaces by incorporating the use of orthodontic occlusal mirrors and 5‐mm pieces of moistened blue articulating paper used to enable calibration. Plaque measurements were made from 320 upper and lower anterior teeth from the 40 subjects by two operators. Fliess' coefficient of reliability was used to assess intra‐ and inter‐operator reliability and the independent sample t test was used to assess statistical significance between test and control groups after checking the data for normality. For validation, measurements were recorded using the Turesky et al. (1970) (modification of the Quigley & Hein (1962) plaque index and the Addy et al. (1983) plaque area index. The results were compared with the image analysis method using Pearson's correlation coefficient.Results: The results for reliability were within Fliess' range of “excellent” for both intra‐operator repeatability and inter‐operator reproducibility. Pearson's correlation coefficients showed highly significant values indicating the close similarity between all three methods.Conclusions: This method for the measurement of dental plaque on lingual surfaces of anterior teeth proved reliable. The combined results from the labial and lingual surfaces of anterior teeth using image analysis produced trial conclusions comparable with the alternate plaque quantification methods used, with less clinician time and further producing a permanent database of images for future use.
The relationship between tomato intake and congestive heart failure risk in periodontitis subjects
Authors: Wood Nelson , Johnson Roger B. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBackground: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between monthly tomato consumption (MTC) and serum lycopene (sLyco) levels, and a self‐reported history of congestive heart failure (CHF) in individuals with periodontitis using data available in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III).Methods: Adult participants in NHANES III were used in this study. Zero to thirty three percent of sites with a periodontal attachment loss (PAL) of >3 mm was considered a healthy periodontium, while greater than >33% of sites with PAL of >3 mm as periodontitis. The outcome variable was the self‐reported history of CHF. MTC and sLyco levels were categorized into quartiles. Data was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis, anova and multivariate analyses using SPSS®. p<0.05 was used to reject the null hypothesis.Results: Individuals with periodontitis showed a dose–response relationship between dietary MTC and self‐reported CHF risk; moderate MTC (risk ratio (RR), 3.15; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–9.67), low MTC (RR, 3.31; 95% CI, 1.33–8.24) (p<0.05) and very low MTC (RR, 5.10; 95% CI, 1.67–15.57) (p<0.01), adjusting for confounders of both diseases (periodontitis and CHF). The moderate sLyco level‐healthy periodontium group showed a significant decrease in CHF risk (RR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.07–0.84) (p<0.05), adjusting for confounders. Significant inverse dose–response relationships were seen between sLyco and C‐reactive protein, and MTC and white blood cell count in periodontitis subjects, respectively (p<0.05). MTC was correlated with sLyco concentration (r=−0.018, p<0.05), adjusting for confounders abolished that significance.Conclusions: A relationship exists between periodontitis and CHF risk, and high MTC appears to affect this relationship in a positive direction in periodontitis subjects.
The Deletion of the Succinate Dehydrogenase Gene
KlSDH1
in
Kluyveromyces lactis
Does Not Lead to Respiratory Deficiency
Authors: Saliola Michele , Bartoccioni Paola Chiara , De Maria Ilaria , Lodi Tiziana , Falcone Claudio 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

We have isolated a
Kluyveromyces lactis
mutant unable to grow on all respiratory carbon sources with the exception of lactate. Functional complementation of this mutant led to the isolation of
KlSDH1
, the gene encoding the flavoprotein subunit of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex, which is essential for the aerobic utilization of carbon sources. Despite the high sequence conservation of the
SDH
genes in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
and
K. lactis
, they do not have the same relevance in the metabolism of the two yeasts. In fact, unlike
SDH1
,
KlSDH1
was highly expressed under both fermentative and nonfermentative conditions. In addition to this, but in contrast with
S. cerevisiae
,
K. lactis
strains lacking
KlSDH1
were still able to grow in the presence of lactate. In these mutants, oxygen consumption was one-eighth that of the wild type in the presence of lactate and was normal with glucose and ethanol, indicating that the respiratory chain was fully functional. Northern analysis suggested that alternative pathway(s), which involves pyruvate decarboxylase and the glyoxylate cycle, could overcome the absence of SDH and allow (i) lactate utilization and (ii) the accumulation of succinate instead of ethanol during growth on glucose.