bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking climate warming and land conversion to species’ range changes across Great Britain
Authors: Suggitt Andrew J. , Wheatley Christopher J. , Aucott Paula , Beale Colin M. , Fox Richard , Hill Jane K. , Isaac Nick J. B. , Martay Blaise , Southall Humphrey , Thomas Chris D. , Walker Kevin J. , Auffret Alistair G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough increased temperatures are known to reinforce the effects of habitat destruction at local to landscape scales, evidence of their additive or interactive effects is limited, particularly over larger spatial extents and longer timescales. To address these deficiencies, we created a dataset of land-use changes over 75 years, documenting the loss of over half (>3000 km2) the semi-natural grassland of Great Britain. Pairing this dataset with climate change data, we tested for relationships to distribution changes in birds, butterflies, macromoths, and plants (n = 1192 species total). We show that individual or additive effects of climate warming and land conversion unambiguously increased persistence probability for 40% of species, and decreased it for 12%, and these effects were reflected in both range contractions and expansions. Interactive effects were relatively rare, being detected in less than 1 in 5 species, and their overall effect on extinction risk was often weak. Such individualistic responses emphasise the importance of including species-level information in policies targeting biodiversity and climate adaptation.
Microglia-mediated demyelination protects against CD8+ T cell-driven axon degeneration in mice carrying PLP defects
Authors: Groh Janos , Abdelwahab Tassnim , Kattimani Yogita , Hörner Michaela , Loserth Silke , Gudi Viktoria , Adalbert Robert , Imdahl Fabian , Saliba Antoine-Emmanuel , Coleman Michael , Stangel Martin , Simons Mikael , Martini Rudolf 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAxon degeneration and functional decline in myelin diseases are often attributed to loss of myelin but their relation is not fully understood. Perturbed myelinating glia can instigate chronic neuroinflammation and contribute to demyelination and axonal damage. Here we study mice with distinct defects in the proteolipid protein 1 gene that develop axonal damage which is driven by cytotoxic T cells targeting myelinating oligodendrocytes. We show that persistent ensheathment with perturbed myelin poses a risk for axon degeneration, neuron loss, and behavioral decline. We demonstrate that CD8+ T cell-driven axonal damage is less likely to progress towards degeneration when axons are efficiently demyelinated by activated microglia. Mechanistically, we show that cytotoxic T cell effector molecules induce cytoskeletal alterations within myelinating glia and aberrant actomyosin constriction of axons at paranodal domains. Our study identifies detrimental axon-glia-immune interactions which promote neurodegeneration and possible therapeutic targets for disorders associated with myelin defects and neuroinflammation.
Homodimer-mediated phosphorylation of C/EBPα-p42 S16 modulates acute myeloid leukaemia differentiation through liquid-liquid phase separation
Authors: Wang Dongmei , Sun Tao , Xia Yuan , Zhao Zhe , Sheng Xue , Li Shuying , Ma Yuechan , Li Mingying , Su Xiuhua , Zhang Fan , Li Peng , Ma Daoxin , Ye Jingjing , Lu Fei , Ji Chunyan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) regulates myeloid differentiation, and its dysregulation contributes to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) progress. Clarifying its functional implementation mechanism is of great significance for its further clinical application. Here, we show that C/EBPα regulates AML cell differentiation through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which can be disrupted by C/EBPα-p30. Considering that C/EBPα-p30 inhibits the functions of C/EBPα through the LZ region, a small peptide TAT-LZ that could instantaneously interfere with the homodimerization of C/EBPα-p42 was constructed, and dynamic inhibition of C/EBPα phase separation was observed, demonstrating the importance of C/EBPα-p42 homodimers for its LLPS. Mechanistically, homodimerization of C/EBPα-p42 mediated its phosphorylation at the novel phosphorylation site S16, which promoted LLPS and subsequent AML cell differentiation. Finally, decreasing the endogenous C/EBPα-p30/C/EBPα-p42 ratio rescued the phase separation of C/EBPα in AML cells, which provided a new insight for the treatment of the AML.
Farnesoid X receptor activation by bile acids suppresses lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis
Authors: Tschuck Juliane , Theilacker Lea , Rothenaigner Ina , Weiß Stefanie A. I. , Akdogan Banu , Lam Van Thanh , Müller Constanze , Graf Roman , Brandner Stefanie , Pütz Christian , Rieder Tamara , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Vincendeau Michelle , Zischka Hans , Schorpp Kenji , Hadian Kamyar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFerroptosis is a regulated cell death modality that occurs upon iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Recent research has identified many regulators that induce or inhibit ferroptosis; yet, many regulatory processes and networks remain to be elucidated. In this study, we performed a chemical genetics screen using small molecules with known mode of action and identified two agonists of the nuclear receptor Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) that suppress ferroptosis, but not apoptosis or necroptosis. We demonstrate that in liver cells with high FXR levels, knockout or inhibition of FXR sensitized cells to ferroptotic cell death, whereas activation of FXR by bile acids inhibited ferroptosis. Furthermore, FXR inhibited ferroptosis in ex vivo mouse hepatocytes and human hepatocytes differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells. Activation of FXR significantly reduced lipid peroxidation by upregulating the ferroptosis gatekeepers GPX4, FSP1, PPARα, SCD1, and ACSL3. Together, we report that FXR coordinates the expression of ferroptosis-inhibitory regulators to reduce lipid peroxidation, thereby acting as a guardian of ferroptosis.
An autocatalytic multicomponent DNAzyme nanomachine for tumor-specific photothermal therapy sensitization in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Yan Jiaqi , Ma Xiaodong , Liang Danna , Ran Meixin , Zheng Dongdong , Chen Xiaodong , Zhou Shichong , Sun Weijian , Shen Xian , Zhang Hongbo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMulticomponent deoxyribozymes (MNAzymes) have great potential in gene therapy, but their ability to recognize disease tissue and further achieve synergistic gene regulation has rarely been studied. Herein, Arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD)-modified Distearyl acylphosphatidyl ethanolamine (DSPE)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) (DSPE-PEG-RGD) micelle is prepared with a DSPE hydrophobic core to load the photothermal therapy (PTT) dye IR780 and the calcium efflux pump inhibitor curcumin. Then, the MNAzyme is distributed into the hydrophilic PEG layer and sealed with calcium phosphate through biomineralization. Moreover, RGD is attached to the outer tail of PEG for tumor targeting. The constructed nanomachine can release MNAzyme and the cofactor Ca2+ under acidic conditions and self-assemble into an active mode to cleave heat shock protein (HSP) mRNA by consuming the oncogene miRNA-21. Silencing miRNA-21 enhances the expression of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN, leading to PTT sensitization. Meanwhile, curcumin maintains high intracellular Ca2+ to further suppress HSP-chaperone ATP by disrupting mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. Therefore, pancreatic cancer is triple-sensitized to IR780-mediated PTT. The in vitro and in vivo results show that the MNAzyme-based nanomachine can strongly regulate HSP and PTEN expression and lead to significant pancreatic tumor inhibition under laser irradiation.
Phylogenetic evidence reveals early Kra-Dai divergence and dispersal in the late Holocene
Authors: Tao Yuxin , Wei Yuancheng , Ge Jiaqi , Pan Yan , Wang Wenmin , Bi Qianqi , Sheng Pengfei , Fu Changzhong , Pan Wuyun , Jin Li , Zheng Hong-Xiang , Zhang Menghan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudying language evolution brings a crucial perspective to bear on questions of human prehistory. As the most linguistically diverse region on earth, East and Southeast Asia have witnessed extensive sociocultural and ethnic contacts among different language communities. Especially, the Kra-Dai language family exhibits tremendous socio-cultural importance in these regions. Due to limited historical accounts, however, there are several controversies on their linguistic relatedness, ambiguities regarding the divergence time, and uncertainties on the dispersal patterns. To address these issues, here we apply Bayesian phylogenetic methods to analyze the largest lexical dataset containing 646 cognate sets compiled for 100 Kra-Dai languages. Our dated phylogenetic tree showed their initial divergence occurring approximately 4000 years BP. Phylogeographic results supported the early Kra-Dai language dispersal from the Guangxi-Guangdong area of South China towards Mainland Southeast Asia. Coupled with genetic, archaeological, paleoecologic, and paleoclimatic data, we demonstrated that the Kra-Dai language diversification could have coincided with their demic diffusion and agricultural spread shaped by the global climate change in the late Holocene. The interdisciplinary alignments shed light on reconstructing the prehistory of Kra-Dai languages and provide an indispensable piece of the puzzle for further studying prehistoric human activities in East and Southeast Asia.
Synergistic effects of nitrogen-doped carbon and praseodymium oxide in electrochemical water splitting
Authors: Grabowska Patrycja , Szkoda Mariusz , Skorupska Malgorzata , Lukaszewicz Jerzy P. , Ilnicka Anna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHybrid materials featuring perovskite-type metal oxide in conjunction with heteroatom-doped graphene hold immense promise as alternatives to costly noble metal catalysts for electrochemical water splitting, facilitating the generation of environmentally friendly hydrogen. In this study, perovskite-type oxide containing praseodymium, barium, strontium, cobalt, and iron atoms dispersed in a carbon matrix as a catalyst is synthesized via annealing of the carbon material with substrates for the preparation of perovskite oxide. The mass ratio of reagents regulates the porous structure and elemental composition. The result of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), suggests that the hybrid catalysts exhibit intermediate HER kinetics compared to the commercial Pt/C and the catalyst without carbon. The Tafel slope for HER is lower for materials containing carbon, because of the improved reaction kinetics, facilitated proton transfer, and enhanced electrochemical surface area. Therefore, the study provides an effective strategy for the preparation of catalyst and their use as the active catalyst of water splitting.
Investigating the response mechanisms of bread wheat mutants to salt stress
Authors: Karimzadeh Hedayat , Borzouei Azam , Naserian Behnam , Tabatabaee Seyyed Ali , Rahemi Mohammad Reza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMutation breeding is among the most critical approaches to promoting genetic diversity when genetic diversity is narrowed for a long time using traditional breeding methods. In the current study, 15 wheat mutants created by gamma radiation and three salt-tolerant wheat cultivars were studied under no salinity stress (Karaj) and salinity stress (Yazd) during three consecutive growing seasons from 2017 to 2020 (M05 to M07 generations mutants). Results showed that salinity induced lipid peroxidation and enhanced ion leakage in all genotypes however, M6 and M15 showed the least ion leakage increment. It was also observed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT, POX, APX and GR increased with salinity; the maximum increase in antioxidant activity was belonged to M15, M09, M06 and M05. All genotypes had higher protein content in salinity stress conditions; M07 and M12 showed the lowest (1.8%) and the highest (17.3%) protein increase, respectively. Zeleny sedimentation volume increased under salinity stress conditions in all genotypes except M06, C2, C3, and M07. The result indicated that salinity stress increased wet gluten in all genotypes. M10 and M08 showed the highest (47.8%) and the lowest (4%) wet gluten increment, respectively. M06 and M11 mutants showed the lowest (6.1%) and the highest (60.7%) decrement of grain yield due to salinity stress, respectively. Finally, M04, M05, M07, M13, and M14 were known as genotypes with high grain yield in both no salinity and salinity stress conditions. In other word, these genotypes have higher yield stability. The results of the current study revealed that gamma irradiation could effectively be used to induce salinity tolerance in wheat.
Exposure to urban nanoparticles at low PM$$_1$$ concentrations as a source of oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Costabile Francesca , Gualtieri Maurizio , Rinaldi Matteo , Canepari Silvia , Vecchi Roberta , Massimi Lorenzo , Di Iulio Gianluca , Paglione Marco , Di Liberto Luca , Corsini Emanuela , Facchini Maria Cristina , Decesari Stefano 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExposures to fine particulate matter (PM$$_1$$

1

) have been associated with health impacts, but the understanding of the PM$$_1$$

1

concentration-response (PM$$_1$$

1

-CR) relationships, especially at low PM$$_1$$

1

, remains incomplete. Here, we present novel data using a methodology to mimic lung exposure to ambient air (2$$<PM_1<$$

<
P

M
1

<

60 $$\upmu$$
μ
g m$$^{-3}$$

-
3

), with minimized sampling artifacts for nanoparticles. A reference model (Air Liquid Interface cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B) was used for aerosol exposure. Non-linearities observed in PM$$_1$$

1

-CR curves are interpreted as a result of the interplay between the aerosol total oxidative potential (OP$$_t$$

t

) and its distribution across particle size (d$$_p$$

p

). A d$$_p$$

p

-dependent condensation sink (CS) is assessed together with the distribution with d$$_p$$

p

of reactive species . Urban ambient aerosol high in OP$$_t$$

t

, as indicated by the DTT assay, with (possibly copper-containing) nanoparticles, shows higher pro-inflammatory and oxidative responses, this occurring at lower PM$$_1$$

1

concentrations (< 5 $$\upmu$$
μ
g m$$^{-3}$$

-
3

). Among the implications of this work, there are recommendations for global efforts to go toward the refinement of actual air quality standards with metrics considering the distribution of OP$$_t$$

t

with d$$_p$$

p

also at relatively low PM$$_1$$

1

.
Transmission of drug-resistant bacteria in a hospital-community model stratified by patient risk
Authors: Brachaczek Paweł , Lonc Agata , Kretzschmar Mirjam E. , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Horn Johannes , Karch Andre , Sakowski Konrad , Piotrowska Monika J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA susceptible-infectious-susceptible (SIS) model for simulating healthcare-acquired infection spread within a hospital and associated community is proposed. The model accounts for the stratification of in-patients into two susceptibility-based risk groups. The model is formulated as a system of first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with appropriate initial conditions. The mathematical analysis of this system is demonstrated. It is shown that the system has unique global solutions, which are bounded and non-negative. The basic reproduction number ($$\mathscr {R}_0$$

R
0

) for the considered model is derived. The existence and the stability of the stationary solutions are analysed. The disease-free stationary solution is always present and is globally asymptotically stable for $$\mathscr {R}_0<1$$

R
0

<
1

, while for $$\mathscr {R}_0>1$$

R
0

>
1

it is unstable. The presence of an endemic stationary solution depends on the model parameters and when it exists, it is globally asymptotically stable. The endemic state encompasses both risk groups. The endemic state within only one group only is not possible. In addition, for $$\mathscr {R}_0=1$$

R
0

=
1

a forward bifurcation takes place. Numerical simulations, based on the anonymised insurance data, are also presented to illustrate theoretical results.
Impact of employment on the elderly in a super-aging society during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Authors: Imaoka Masakazu , Tazaki Fumie , Hida Mitsumasa , Imai Ryota , Nakao Hidetoshi , Inoue Takao , Orui Jyunya , Nakamura Misa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEmployment of the elderly is gaining importance in Japan’s super-aging society. However, investigating the role of employment on the health of the elderly population during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, wherein they were susceptible, is necessary. We aimed to investigate whether the presence or absence of employment affected motor and cognitive functions in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study involved 144 individuals aged ≥ 65 years who participated in the medical examination project from August to September 2021. The participants were divided into employed and non-employed groups. The motor function was evaluated by determining the walking speed, skeletal muscle mass, 2-step test, and bone density. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini Mental State Examination and Trail Making Test-A/B (TMT-A/B). For statistical examination, univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed using significantly differential variables. Out of the 144 participants, 33 (22.9%) and 111 (77.1%) were in the employed and non-employed groups, respectively. TMT-A had an odds ratio of 0.96 (95% confidence interval 0.94–0.99) and was an independent factor in the employed group. In conclusion, the attention function was significantly higher in the employed group.
Tailoring FPOX enzymes for enhanced stability and expanded substrate recognition
Authors: Estiri Hajar , Bhattacharya Shapla , Buitrago Jhon Alexander Rodriguez , Castagna Rossella , Legzdiņa Linda , Casucci Giorgia , Ricci Andrea , Parisini Emilio , Gautieri Alfonso 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFructosyl peptide oxidases (FPOX) are deglycating enzymes that find application as key enzymatic components in diabetes monitoring devices. Indeed, their use with blood samples can provide a measurement of the concentration of glycated hemoglobin and glycated albumin, two well-known diabetes markers. However, the FPOX currently employed in enzymatic assays cannot directly detect whole glycated proteins, making it necessary to perform a preliminary proteolytic treatment of the target protein to generate small glycated peptides that can act as viable substrates for the enzyme. This is a costly and time consuming step. In this work, we used an in silico protein engineering approach to enhance the overall thermal stability of the enzyme and to improve its catalytic activity toward large substrates. The final design shows a marked improvement in thermal stability relative to the wild type enzyme, a distinct widening of its access tunnel and significant enzymatic activity towards a range of glycated substrates.
Diagnostic utility of N-terminal TMPP labels for unambiguous identification of clipped sites in therapeutic proteins
Authors: Gunawardena Harsha P. , Jayatilake Meth M. , Brelsford Jeffery D. , Nanda Hirsh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProtein therapeutics are susceptible to clipping via enzymatic and nonenzymatic mechanisms that create neo-N-termini. Typically, neo-N-termini are identified by chemical derivatization of the N-terminal amine with (N-Succinimidyloxycarbonylmethyl)tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphonium bromide (TMPP) followed by proteolysis and mass spectrometric analysis. Detection of the TMPP-labeled peptide is achieved by mapping the peptide sequence to the product ion spectrum derived from collisional activation. The site-specific localization of the TMPP tag enables unambiguous determination of the true N-terminus or neo-N-termini. In addition to backbone product ions, TMPP reporter ions at m/z 573, formed via collision-induced dissociation, can be diagnostic for the presence of a processed N-termini. However, reporter ions generated by collision-induced dissociation may be uninformative because of their low abundance. We demonstrate a novel high-throughput LC–MS method for the facile generation of the TMPP reporter ion at m/z 533 and, in some instances m/z 590, upon electron transfer dissociation. We further demonstrate the diagnostic utility of TMPP labeled peptides derived from a total cell lysate shows high degree of specificity towards selective N-terminal labeling over labeling of lysine and tyrosine and highly-diagnostic Receiver Operating Characteristic’s (ROC) of TMPP reporter ions of m/z 533 and m/z 590. The abundant generation of these reporters enables subsequent MS/MS by intensity and m/z-dependent triggering of complementary ion activation modes such as collision-induced dissociation, high-energy collision dissociation, or ultraviolet photo dissociation for subsequent peptide sequencing.
Genomic analysis and assessment of pathogenic (toxicogenic) potential of Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Bacillus paranthracis consortia isolated from bovine mastitis in Russia
Authors: Sokolov Sergei , Brovko Fedor , Solonin Alexander , Nikanova Daria , Fursova Ksenia , Artyemieva Olga , Kolodina Evgenia , Sorokin Anatoly , Shchannikova Margarita , Dzhelyadin Timur , Ermakov Artem , Boziev Khanafy , Zinovieva Natalia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThree stable microbial consortia, each composed of Bacillusparanthracis and Staphylococcushaemolyticus strains, were isolated from milk of cows diagnosed with mastitis in three geographically remote regions of Russia. The composition of these consortia remained stable following multiple passages on culture media. Apparently, this stability is due to the structure of the microbial biofilms formed by the communities. The virulence of the consortia depended on the B. paranthracis strains. It seems plausible that the ability of the consortia to cause mastitis in cattle was affected by mutations of the cytK gene of B. paranthracis.
Habitat selection of Gould’s wild turkeys in southeastern Arizona
Authors: Ulrey Erin E. , Wightman Patrick H. , Bakner Nicholas W. , Buckley Byron R. , Fyffe Nathan , Oleson Brittany , Smallwood Alex , Heffelfinger James R. , Chamberlain Michael J. , Collier Bret A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn semi-arid environments, resources necessary for survival may be unevenly distributed across the landscape. Gould’s wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo mexicana) are spatially restricted to mountainous semi-arid areas of southwestern United States and Mexico, and information on their distribution and habitat use is limited. We described how landcover type and topographical features influenced space use and habitat selection by Gould’s wild turkeys in southeastern Arizona. We used GPS data from 51 Gould’s wild turkeys to describe resource selection during 2016–2017 in southeastern Arizona, USA. We estimated home ranges and calculated resource selection functions using distance from landcover types, slope, aspect, and elevation at used locations and random locations within individual home ranges. Gould’s wild turkeys selected areas closer to pine forest and water. Likewise, Gould’s wild turkeys selected locations with moderate elevations of 1641 ± 235 m (range = 1223–2971 m), and on north and west facing slopes with a 10° ± 8.5 (range = 0.0–67.4°) incline. Our findings suggest that conserving portions of the landscape with appropriate topography and landcover types as described above will promote habitat availability for Gould’s wild turkeys.