bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain mechanisms of social signalling in live social interactions with autistic and neurotypical adults
Authors: Krishnan-Barman Sujatha , Hakim Uzair , Smith Marchella , Tachtsidis Ilias , Pinti Paola , Hamilton Antonia F. de C 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe simple act of watching another person can change a person’s behaviour in subtle but important ways; the individual being watched is now capable of signalling to the watcher, and may use this opportunity to communicate to the watcher. Recent data shows that people will spontaneously imitate more when being watched. Here, we examine the neural and cognitive mechanisms of being watched during spontaneous social imitation in autistic and neurotypical adults using fNIRS brain imaging. Participants (n = 44) took part in a block-moving task where they were instructed only to copy the block sequence which people normally do using a straight low action trajectory. Here, the demonstrator sometimes used an atypical ‘high’ action trajectory, giving participants the opportunity to spontaneously copy the high trajectory even if this slowed their performance. The confederate who demonstrated each block sequence could watch the participant’s actions or close her eyes, giving a factorial design with factors of trajectory (high/low) and watched (watched/unwatched). Throughout the task, brain signals were captured from bilateral temporal/parietal/occipital cortex using fNIRS. We found that all participants performed higher actions when being watched by the confederate than when not being watched, with no differences between autistic and neurotypical participants. The unwatched conditions were associated with higher activity of the right inferior parietal lobule in all participants and also engagement of left STS only in autistic participants. These findings are consistent with the claim that people engage different neural mechanisms when watched and unwatched and that participants with autism may engage additional brain mechanisms to match neurotypical behaviour and compensate for social difficulties. However, further studies will be needed to replicate these results in a larger sample of participants.
Quantitative simulation and verification of the tourism economic resilience in urban agglomerations
Authors: Yang Shasha , Lu Yugui , Wang Shuyue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe concept of tourism economic resilience emphasizes the sustainable development level of tourism economy under uncertainty and risk. Focusing on urban agglomerations, this study aims to describe how the tourism economic resilience is developing, explore whether the resilience level is enhanced with urban agglomerations and whether spatial elements affect resilience levels. With the combination of the aggregation and diffusion effects and crowding effects of regional development, the study uses a combination of dynamic evaluation method, spatial kernel density, and mathematical models of urban agglomeration development to quantitatively analyze the spatiotemporal dynamic evolution of tourism economic resilience from 2006 to 2019, simulates and verifies its development patterns. The conclusions show that: (1) The tourism economic resilience in urban agglomerations is closely related to regional development and prosperity; (2) The development of tourism economic resilience also follows the spatial economic development pattern which moves towards equilibrium in aggregation process; (3) The tourism economic resilience of urban agglomerations has a fluctuation climbing node, generally presents as a wave-like upward trend with fluctuations and stages; (4) The evolutionary trend of tourism economic resilience in urban agglomerations presents as a slight wave-like upward curve that changes with time and co-opetition.
Incidence, prevalence and characteristics of multimorbidity in different age groups among urban hospitalized patients in China
Authors: Song Dixiang , Liu Deshan , Ning Weihai , Chen Yujia , Yang Jingjing , Zhao Chao , Zhang Hongwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the incidence, prevalence and characteristics of multimorbidity in urban inpatients of different age groups. This study used data from the National Insurance Claim for Epidemiology Research (NICER) to calculate the overall incidence, prevalence, geographic and age distribution patterns, health care burden, and multimorbidity patterns for multimorbidity in 2017. According to our study, the overall prevalence of multimorbidity was 6.68%, and the overall prevalence was 14.87% in 2017. The prevalence of multimorbidity increases with age. The pattern of the geographic distribution of multimorbidity shows that the prevalence of multimorbidity is relatively high in South East China. The average annual health care expenditure of patients with multimorbidity increased with age and rose rapidly, especially among older patients. Patients with cancer and chronic kidney disease have higher treatment costs. Patients with hypertension or ischemic heart disease had a significantly higher relative risk of multimorbidity than other included noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Hyperlipidemia has generated the highest number of association rules, which may suggest that hyperlipidemia may be both a risk factor for other NCDs and an outcome of them.
Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET in uterine cervical cancer patients with stage IIICr allocated by imaging
Authors: Isaji Yuzu , Tsuyoshi Hideaki , Tsujikawa Tetsuya , Orisaka Makoto , Okazawa Hidehiko , Yoshida Yoshio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe effect on survival of radiographic lymph node metastasis in uterine cervical cancer patients is more important than before, even though its prognostic value not been well investigated. The aim of our study is to evaluate the prognostic potential of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (18F-FDG PET) compared with Computed Tomography (CT) in uterine cervical cancer patients with stage IIICr allocated by imaging. Fifty-five patients with biopsy-proven primary cervical cancer underwent definitive radiation therapy for stages IIB–IVB of The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2018 classifications. The prognostic performance of pretreatment 18F-FDG PET and CT for assessing lymph node metastasis was evaluated by two experienced readers. The PET and CT findings were correlated with the risk of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that PFS was significantly worse in patients with positive lymph nodes on 18F-FDG PET than in those patients with negative lymph nodes on 18F-FDG PET (p = 0.003), whereas there was no significant difference in PFS between patients with lymph nodes sized ≥ 1 cm and those sized < 1 cm (p = 0.140). Univariate analysis showed that positive lymph nodes on 18F-FDG PET was significantly associated with poor PFS (p = 0.006), whereas lymph node size was not significantly associated with poor PFS (p = 0.145). In multivariate analysis, positive lymph nodes on 18F-FDG PET was significantly associated with poor PFS (p = 0.006) and was an independent prognostic factor for PFS. 18F-FDG PET offers high prognostic value for patients with stage IIICr allocated by imaging compared with CT, suggesting that 18F-FDG PET might be useful in clinical staging decisions and thus promote optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Optimizing of particle accelerated rotor parameters using the discrete element method
Authors: Sun Bo , Wei Shizhong , Yang Lu , Li Peng , Tong Shuaiwu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe acceleration capability of a centrifugal jet rotor plays a crucial role in achieving a high injection velocity of powder particles in the centrifugal impact moulding process. In this regard, the focus of this article is on optimization of the runner shape. To this end, the lengths of the first and second acceleration sections (L1andL2), and the angles between the first and second acceleration sections and between the second and third sections (α1andα2) are considered as the rotor parameters. Simulations were conducted using multiple discrete elements to explore the influence of multiple input parameters on the response value, and a regression model was established between the parameters and the particle injection rate. The experimental results show that the selected parameters significantly affect the rate of particle injection, and the interactions between the parametersL1andL2, and betweenL2andα2have the largest effects. The results reveal that applying the optimized parameters improves the particle injection speed by 7.85% when compared to the pre-optimization model. This improvement in the rotor acceleration provides the basis for improving the efficiency of centrifugal impact moulding of metal powders.
Synthesis of flat‐top beampatterns based on simple polynomial transforms of Gaussian excitations
Authors: Molnar Goran , Ljubenko Dorian , Šakić Mile 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the design of antenna arrays which require fast and robust flat‐top beam synthesis, computationally efficient methods are preferred. This feature is usually met by analytical techniques or simple optimisation procedures. On the other hand, in the flat‐top beam synthesis, a common requirement is the ability to control beamwidth or sidelobe level. However, this can result in a high dynamic range ratio (DRR) of array's excitation coefficients. In this paper, a straightforward method for the design of symmetrical flat‐top arrays with controllable sidelobe level or DRR is proposed. The method is based on quadratic and cubic transforms of Gaussian excitations. In addition, the method utilises zero coefficients whose positions are used to control the DRR, including the ability to achieve its minimum. Compared to other flat‐top arrays with analytically shaped beams, the proposed arrays have lower DRRs for the same sidelobe level.
A large‐scale urban 3D model organisation method considering spatial distribution of buildings
Authors: Yang Xincheng , Huo Liang , Shen Tao , Wang Xiaoyu , Yuan Shuai , Liu Xinyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rendering of urban 3D scenes involves a large number of models. In order to render scenes more efficiently, the main solution is to build a level of detail model (LOD). This may have the problem of building fragmentation, while relying on building a level of detail model (LOD) alone cannot meet the accuracy and fluency of large‐scale scene visualisation. Effective and reasonable data organisation has important research significance for the authors to achieve accurate and fast rendering of scenes. Therefore, the authors propose a large‐scale city model data organisation method considering building distribution to solve the above problems. This method first classifies the buildings in the scene at macro‐, meso‐ and microscales and records the classification using R‐trees. Then an adaptive quadtree is used to construct the data index of the city model. Finally, the data organisation of the large‐scale 3D city model is achieved by using the information of each node of the R‐tree as a constraint and combining with the adaptive quadtree. The results show that the method not only ensures the integrity of the user's area of interest but also can improve the efficiency of 3D scene construction.
Complications with Follicular Unit Excision
Authors: Williams Kenneth L. , El-Maghraby Shady 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHair restoration surgery (HRS) is typically a safe outpatient or office-based procedure when physicians follow high ethical standards and uphold community practice standards. Patients' clinical outcomes are mostly operator dependent, and temporary and permanent complications rarely occur. Follicular unit excision (FUE) donor harvesting, in particular, is a challenging harvesting technique requiring a long learning curve, physical stamina, higher than average hand–eye coordination and manual dexterity. The types of complications associated with FUE are comparable to linear strip excision (LSE). Similar to LSE donor harvesting, FUE complications may occur irrespective if standard precautions are followed by the physician. As in any skin and scalp procedure, injuries and poor cosmetic outcomes occur despite appropriate preoperative precautions and intraoperative technique. In increasing and greater instances, however, FUE complications are observed when the physician fails to follow hair restoration practice standards and routine surgical precautions. Physician induced, or iatrogenic complications occur more often when untrained licensed surgeons perform HRS, and who fail to meet practice standards and best practices. In the last decade, physician-influenced FUE complications, or iatrogenic cause of FUE injuries are increasingly observed which results in poor aesthetic outcomes. Higher than average FUE complication rates occur in cases involving inadequately trained physicians, as well as in cases where improper delegation of the FUE hair transplant procedure is performed by unlicensed and untrained individuals. In this chapter, we described commonly encountered HRS complications, as well as physician influenced, or iatrogenic causes of FUE complications.
Strange, Rare and Peculiar Symptoms of COVID-19 Cases Managed by Practitioners of the Homeopathy Help Network
Authors: Pracjek Parker , Gray Alastair C. , Doherty Rachael , Straiges Denise 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background More than 670 million people have been infected by COVID-19. This case series reports 8 of 55 cases in a broader study of COVID-positive clients who sought homeopathic care for symptoms. Existing studies of homeopathy and COVID-19 have sometimes failed to employ the underpinning theoretical framework of homeopathy—the genus epidemicus. Special focus has been placed on standout symptoms not often reported in conventional medical outlets, known among homeopaths as “strange, rare and peculiar” (SRP) symptoms. The Homeopathy Help Network (HHN) team of practitioners noted SRP symptoms across dozens of cases and studied how they shifted collectively as different variants of the virus emerged.
Methods COVID-positive individuals self-selected for individualized care for their symptoms using homeopathy. They received tele-health consultations and individualized homeopathy interventions in an out-patient homeopathy clinical setting. Clients were seen by individual professional homeopathy practitioners and students under supervision working at the HHN in the United States. Cases for the series were hand-picked with the aim of being an average representation of the more than 4,000 COVID-positive cases seen by members of the HHN. Cases in the full compendium are grouped according to a predominant case feature: Multiple remedies, Posology, Time ill, Single remedy resolution, Hospitalization and, in this case series, SRP symptoms.
Results SRP symptoms included: continually on the verge of unconsciousness; dark green stools; very low pulse alternating with tachycardia; sensation of strong or burning chemical smells; sensation of inhaling water through the nose; recurring electric shock sensations in head or extremities; yellow-green stools.
Conclusion Collective SRP symptoms from the pandemic provided the opportunity to study the hallmark features of COVID-19 in depth. The importance of these symptoms highlights the applicability of Hahnemannian principles and good case-taking practices.
Traumatic Collet-Sicard Syndrome with Associated VIIth and VIIIth Cranial Nerve Palsy: Time for a New Nomenclature
Authors: Acharya Abhijit , Senapati Satya Bhusan , Panigrahi Souvagya , Deo Rama Chandra , Mahapatra AK 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCollet-Sicard syndrome (CSS) is a rare condition associated with the involvement of cranial nerve (CN) IX to XII due to lesions involving the jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal. The most common causes are found to be tumors (primary or metastatic), trauma, vascular lesions, inflammatory processes, and iatrogenic complications. Primary intracranial tumors are an extremely rare cause of CSS. However, CSS associated with both CN VII and VIII palsy has been not yet described in English literature. We are presenting a rare case of a 32-year-old man who met with a road traffic accident while riding a bike that resulted in traumatic left-sided involvement of CNs from VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII. The syndromes associated with CSS are mostly jugular foramen syndromes that have been tabulated. The association of CSS with facial palsy is quite rare. So much CN involvement in a traumatic case has so far not been reported in the Medical literature yet and thus, this becomes one of the first cases reported worldwide.
Take it to the limit
Authors: Cordey Cédric , Webb Nicole M , Haeusler Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA hallmark of modern humans is that our newborns are neurologically immature compared to other primates. It is disputed whether this so-called secondary altriciality evolved due to remodelling of the pelvis associated with bipedal locomotion, as suggested by the obstetrical dilemma hypothesis, or from maternal energetic limitations during pregnancy. Specifically, the ‘Energetics of Gestation and Growth’ (EGG) hypothesis posits that birth is initiated when foetal energy requirements exceed the maximum sustained maternal metabolic rate during pregnancy at around 2.1 × basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the non-pregnant, non-lactating condition (NPNL). However, the metabolic threshold argued under the EGG framework is derived from one study with a small sample size of only 12 women from the UK. Accordingly, we performed a meta-analysis of all published studies on metabolic scopes during pregnancy to better account for variability. After excluding 3 studies with methodological issues, a total of 12 studies with 303 women from 5 high- and 3 low-income countries were analysed. On average, pregnancy was found to be less metabolically challenging than previously suggested. The studies revealed substantial variation in metabolic scope during pregnancy, which was not reflected by variation in birth timing. Further, in a third of the studies, the metabolic rates exceeded 2.1 × BMRNPNL. Our simulation of foetal energy requirements demonstrated that this metabolic threshold of 2.1 × BMRNPNL cannot realistically be crossed by the foetus around the time of birth. These findings imply that metabolic constraints are not the main limiting factor dictating gestation length.
Home-care services in the Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Baro F , Moorthamer L , Bruyne G De , Bergh, H Van den , Magits K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the home-help services in Flanders; the findings discussed relate to these only as far as they have participated in the study. Belgium is divided into three regions, each with their own language and cultural characteristics: (i) the Flemish region, (ii) the Walloon region, and the Brussels region. The German community is part of the Walloon region. Appendix 1 describes the population in the three regions. In the fields of ‘home care’ and ‘community care’, different concepts exist within Belgium. These are not always exactly defined, neither was there complete similarity between those definitions we could find.
Controversies in screening for breast and cervical cancer
Authors: Fletcher Astrid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are probably few issues that generate such interest, emotion, and controversy in both health professionals and in the public as screening for cancer. The initial enthusiasm for the notion that a simple test could improve mortality by the early detection of disease has been tempered by thirty years of experience. The main lessons that have been learnt are the difficulties in evaluating effectiveness in the absence of randomized controlled trials and the need to balance the benefits against costs and adverse effects. Thus screening for colorectal cancer by testing for faecal occult blood is currently being assessed in several randomized, controlled trials. Reservations in conducting even screening trials for ovarian cancer result from the expense of the test together with its high false positive rate against the comparatively low incidence of the disease. Many controversies surround the screening programmes already implemented in the United Kingdom—screening for breast cancer and for cervical cancer—not least the basic question of whether they are of any use.
Infection
Authors: Southgate Lesley , Lockie Cameron , Heard Shelley , Wood Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A significant number of patients seen by general practitioners are suffering from infections. Although many of these are minor and self-limiting, they provide an important opportunity for improving the doctor's own understanding of the patient's response to illness, and for enabling the GP to educate the patient in ways in which certain infections may be prevented. Infectious diseases are also a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the modern developed world and, with more people travelling internationally than ever before, there is an increased risk of the spread of serious, non-endemic disease. An important part of the primary health care team's work is directed towards the prevention of infection through health education, immunization, or a combination of both these approaches. Infection provides a unique insight into the role of infection, seen from the combined perspective of GPs, an infectious diseases physician, and a medical microbiologist. It provides detailed information on the wide range of infections which are seen by GPs, including trivial viral infections, life-threatening acute bacterial meningitis, and imported infections such as malaria or typhoid fever. Included are case histories which reflect common practice both in primary care and within the hospital setting, as well as proposed guidelines for the management of infections which may present in general practice. Throughout the authors emphasize the role of teamwork as well as prevention in contemporary primary care through improved patient education.
A history of infection
Authors: Southgate Lesley , Lockie Cameron , Heard Shelley , Wood Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ancient Greeks were dearly well aware of the devastation of infection, having experienced a cyclical recurring and remitting outbreak of plague in Athens during the Peloponnesian War between 430 and 426 BC. Thucydides’ graphic and detailed account of its effect indicates that the infectious nature of the illness was quickly appreciated by the physicians of the time.
The response of the body to infection: symptoms, signs, and science
Authors: Southgate Lesley , Lockie Cameron , Heard Shelley , Wood Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An understanding of the scientific basis of infection is an important component of developing sound clinical prindples for its management in general practice. The commonest physiological response is fever and we have included the management of the feverish child here, an everyday situation in general practice which can cause anxiety for doctors and parents alike.
Important concepts in health care technology assessment
Authors: Banta H David , Luce Bryan R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Technology is a central force in modern society. It affects diet, work, and use of leisure time. And it certainly has had an enormous effect on health care. Technology has become controversial, in part because of its very power, in part because of undesirable side effects, and in part because of its high costs (29,221). Overall, though, technology is controversial because it is pervasive. It is impossible to e cape technology. In fact, modern life seems inconceivable without technology (519,539).