bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The attitude of medical undergraduate students from North India toward transgender and change thereafter by educational intervention
Authors: Kaur Harshdeep , Raj Rajnish , Sharma Namita , Singh Jaskaran , Goyal Ekram 
Published: November 2023

Background:
There is a widespread gap among medical professionals about transgender, and it needs to be addressed through proper educational intervention to inculcate positive attitudes toward transgender people.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the attitude of medical undergraduate students toward transgender and change thereafter by educational intervention.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 169 final-year undergraduate students (aged 22–25 years; 50.3% males; all having heterosexual orientation) were assessed for their attitudes toward transgender people using the Genderism and Transphobia Scale (GTS) and Attitude toward Transgender Individuals Scale (ATTIS). Subsequently, an educational intervention was conducted. The attitude scores were again evaluated immediately and after one month of post-intervention. A paired t-test, independent-samples t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the data.

Results:
Mean ATTIS and GTS scores before intervention were 67.02 ± 9.20 and 80.84 ± 26.07, respectively. After the educational intervention, these scores were 79.27 ± 7.18 and 63.20 ± 12.11, respectively, thus showing a significant change in both scores. The change in GTS score was significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.001) and in urban than in rural residents (P = 0.017). No significant association of demographic factors was observed concerning the change in ATTIS scores. On evaluating the recall value, no significant decline in GTS or ATTIS scores was observed following a one month of interval.

Conclusion:
There is a need to positively reinforce these changes brought about by educational intervention in the attitude of undergraduate medical students toward transgender people. Such cognitive gains are achievable in developing a humanistic society.
Association between thyroid functions, cognition, and functional connectivity of the brain in early-course schizophrenia: A preliminary study
Authors: George Aishwariya B. , Beniwal Ram P. , Singh Sadhana , Bhatia Triptish , Khushu Subhash , Deshpande Smita N. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The functional outcome of the debilitating mental illness schizophrenia (SZ) has an integral role in cognition. The thyroid hormone has a vital role in the developmental stages and functioning of the human brain.

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid functions, cognition, and functional imaging of the brain in persons with SZ.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty SZ (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5)) persons, aged 18–50 years of both genders, were recruited in this cross-sectional observational study. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Trail Making Tests (TMTs) A and B were administered to all patients. To assess the level of thyroid hormone, a test was conducted. Functional connectivity of the brain was assessed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Data analysis was performed by descriptive and analytical statistical methods. FSL version 5.9 (FMRIB's) software was used for analyses of fMRI neuroimages.

Results:
There were no significant differences between the two populations on sociodemographic factors. The average value for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the hypothyroid group (n = 12) and the euthyroid group (n = 47) was 8.38 mIU/l and 2.44 mIU/l, respectively. The average time in seconds for TMT-A and TMT-B was 87.27 and 218.27 in the hypothyroid group and 97.07 and 293.27 in the euthyroid group, respectively. Similarly, in the sample matched on age, gender, and age at onset of illness, there were no significant differences in demographic and clinical factors and resting-state network (RSN) between the hypothyroid (N = 10) and euthyroid (N = 10) groups.

Conclusion:
No differences were found in the functional brain network between the hypothyroid and euthyroid groups as the study sample did not include clinically hypothyroid persons with SZ.
Stress, resilience, and coping in COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 people
Authors: Kakulte Arvind , Bhutada Surya 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing economic recession hurt people's mental health.

Aim:
To study the stress, resilience, and coping between COVID-19 patients and non-COVID people.

Materials and Methods:
A sample of 188 individuals including COVID-positive and negative were selected by snowball sampling method from the Pune area. All the subjects belong to the age group between 20 and 25 years. The variables are studied by using three tools. The tools used were the Student Stress Inventory, Resilience Scale, and Coping Response Inventory. The data obtained was analyzed using a statistical t-test for comparison and one one-way ANOVA test for gender differences on SPSS software.

Results:
The results showed that there is a significant difference found in stress (t = −3.269) at 0.01 level but no difference found in resilience (t = −0.525), approach coping (t = −1.084), and avoidance coping (t = −1.473) between COVID and non-COVID subjects.

Conclusion:
Patients with COVID had higher stress levels than those without the disease. In terms of resilience, approach, and avoidant coping, there were no significant differences between COVID and non-COVID subjects.
Factors associated with aggression in schizophrenia—A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bhavana Mongarala , Vydyanath G. , Lakshmi D. Vijaya 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Schizophrenia is one of the most prevalent and serious mental disorders, affecting many facets of life. One of schizophrenia's five domains is aggression. The risk factors for aggression in schizophrenia have been the subject of numerous studies, but it is still unclear how the socio-demographic and clinical variables relate to these risk factors. This study's goal was to identify the clinical and socio-demographic risk variables for aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients.

Aim:
To identify the clinical and socio-demographic risk factors for aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty patients who matched the inclusion criteria were selected for a cross-sectional study that was carried out in a tertiary care hospital. Socio-demographic details and clinical variables were collected using semi-structured proforma, and the modified overt aggression scale (MOAS) was applied to schizophrenia patients. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 25 version.

Results:
Of the 50 participants, 34 (68%) were aggressive patients, and 16 (32%) were non-aggressive patients. Patients with lower SES (R = -0.374, P = 0.007) and those who were single (R = -0.375, P = 0.007) scored statistically significantly on the bivariate correlation analysis.

Conclusion:
Schizophrenia patients show a significant prevalence of aggressive behavior. Aggression was found to be substantially correlated with patients' lower socio-economic status and single status. To lessen aggressive behavior and its adverse effects, psychiatrists must identify valid clinical and illness predictors for aggression in schizophrenia patients.
Mental health concerns of interns posted in COVID-19-affected regions of Maharashtra
Authors: Kelkar Parisha , Vankar Ganpat , Chaudhury Suprakash , Kelkar Apurva , Patil Jaideep 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Healthcare providers faced the challenge of managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-infected patients. At the onset of the spread of the coronavirus infection across the globe, awareness of the treatment modalities was poor. Interns were relatively new to treating patients as they had just started their clinical postings in February or March 2020. Working in the COVID-19 wards with the sudden influx of a large number of patients, treating them with ever-changing guidelines did cause increased physical and mental stress. Thus, to understand the impact of coronavirus infection on interns this study was conducted.

Materials and Methods:
An online survey was conducted among interns of various medical colleges of Nagpur, Mumbai, Pune, and Miraj using Google Forms. Participation was anonymous and voluntary. Responses were accepted for 1 week from March 27, 2020, till April 3, 2020. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7 Scale (GAD-7) (9) were used to assess anxiety and depression.

Result:
Our study showed that 36.3% of the interns who were posted for COVID-19 duty had depression, whereas 34% had anxiety symptoms. Anxiety and depression were comparable in interns posted for COVID-19 duty and those posted in other clinical departments. Young age, female gender, and perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 were the predictors for anxiety and depression.

Conclusion:
There was a high level of anxiety and depression among interns working in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic irrespective of whether they were posted for COVID-19 duty or not. Reporting such information is important to plan further management of mental health needs.
Transcervical, retropharyngeal odontoidectomy – Anatomical considerations
Authors: Yakdan Salim M. , Greenberg Jacob K. , Krishnaney Ajit A. , Mroz Thomas E. , Spiessberger Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Context:
Anterior craniocervical junction lesions have always been a challenge for neurosurgeons. Presenting with lower cranial nerve dysfunction and symptoms of brainstem compression, decompression is often required. While posterior approaches offer indirect ventral brainstem decompression, direct decompression via odontoidectomy is necessary when they fail. The transoral and endoscopic endonasal approaches have been explored but come with their own limitations and risks. A novel retropharyngeal approach to the cervical spine has shown promising results with reduced complications.

Aims:
This study aims to explore the feasibility and potential advantages of the anterior retropharyngeal approach for accessing the odontoid process.

Methods and Surgical Technique:
To investigate the anatomical aspects of the anterior retropharyngeal approach, a paramedian skin incision was performed below the submandibular gland on two cadaveric specimens. The subcutaneous tissue followed by the platysma is dissected, and the superficial fascial layer is opened. The plane between the vascular sheath laterally and the pharyngeal structures medially is entered below the branching point of the facial vein and internal jugular vein. After reaching the prevertebral plane, further dissection cranially is done in a blunt fashion below the superior pharyngeal nerve and artery. Various anatomical aspects were highlighted during this approach.

Results:
The anterior, submandibular retropharyngeal approach to the cervical spine was performed successfully on two cadavers highlighting relevant anatomical structures, including the carotid artery and the glossopharyngeal, hypoglossal, and vagus nerves. This approach offered wide exposure, avoidance of oropharyngeal contamination, and potential benefit in repairing cerebrospinal fluid fistulas.

Conclusions:
For accessing the craniocervical junction, the anterior retropharyngeal approach is a viable technique that offers many advantages. However, when employing this approach, surgeons must have adequate anatomical knowledge and technical proficiency to ensure better outcomes. Further studies are needed to enhance our anatomical variations understanding and reduce intraoperative risks.
Endoscopic versus microscopic discectomy for pathologies of lumbar spine: A nationwide cross-sectional study from a lower-middle-income country
Authors: Pahwa Bhavya , Tayal Anish , Chowdhury Dhiman , Umana Giuseppe Emmanuele , Chaurasia Bipin 
Published: November 2023

Objective:We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the preference of spine surgeons between MD for microdiscectomy and endoscopic discectomy (ED) surgery for the management of lumbar pathologies in a lower-middle-income country (LMIC).Methodology:An online survey assessing the preference of spine surgeons for various lumbar pathologies was developed and disseminated in “Neurosurgery Cocktail” a social media platform. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software with a level of significance <0.05.Results:We received responses from 160 spine surgeons having a median experience of 6.75 years (range 0–42 years) after residency. Most of the spine surgeons preferred MD over ED, preference being homogeneous across all lumbar pathologies. In ED, the interlaminar approach was preferred more frequently than the transforaminal approach. The most commonly chosen contraindication for the interlaminar approach and transforaminal approach was ≥ 3 levels lumbar disc herniation (LDH) (n= 117, 73.1%) and calcified LDH (n= 102, 63.8%), respectively. There was no significant association between the type of approach preferred (MD vs. ED; and interlaminar vs. translaminar endoscopic approach) with the type of workplace and the level of experience.Conclusion:Spine surgeons were inclined toward MD over ED, due to various reasons, such as a steep learning curve, lack of training opportunities, and upfront expenses. There is a pressing need for the upliftment of ED in LMICs which requires global action.
Influence of Some Selected Climatic Variables on Yam Production in Bosso Local Government of Niger State
Authors: Grace Olubisi Makinde 
Published: November 2023

This study focused on the influence of Some Selected Climatic Variables on Yam Production in Bosso Local Government of Niger State. Secondary data was obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Minna (NIMET). The data acquired include rainfall and humidity data. Also, data for crop was obtained from the Agricultural development program Minna. The result of the study therefore shows that positive relationship exists between yam production and rainfall/relative humidity in the area under study. As for the rainfall, it was observed that in 2020, where the rainfall value was maximum, the accompanying yam production was also very high, also in 2010 when the rainfall amount was recorded least, the yam production for that year was not much. Any variation in result could be associated with the source of data and the study areas. Summarily, it can be stated that there is an established positive relationship between climatic data (rainfall and relative humidity) and the production of yam for the period under study. The study recommended that there is a need to develop and promote yam varieties that can withstand drought conditions given the impact of rainfall and humidity on yam production. Farmers should also be encouraged to adopt improved irrigation systems to mitigate the impact of low rainfall on yam production. This could include the use of drip irrigation systems or rainwater harvesting. Finally, farmers should be advised to plant yam at optimal times, taking into consideration the climatic conditions of their region.
PENGARUH EXCHANGE RATE, MULTINATIONALITY, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP TRANSFER PRICING
Authors: Mayzura Divinia , Apriwenni Prima 
Published: November 2023

Transfer pricing can be refered as a company step to determine the transfer price of a transaction by company. There are two forms of transactions in transfer pricing, inter-company and intra-company. The transaction itself can be done in one country, or multiple countries. Based on the purposive sampling method, the samples obtained were 11 companies during 3 years of observation bring the result of 33 observation data. Observation data collected from Manufacture company audited report and registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analysis technique used multiple linear regression with pooling data, classic assumption test, F test, t test, and R2 test. The result from this research showed that the exchange rate variable has no influence to company decision for practicing transfer pricing. The variable multinationality has a negative influence on the company decision to transfer pricing. Thus, the leverage variable has positive influence toward the company decision to practice transfer pricing.
PENGARUH OVERCONFIDENCE, HERDING, REGRET AVERSION, DAN RISK TOLERANCE TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI INVESTOR
Authors: Salvatore Timothy , Esra Martha Ayerza 
Published: November 2023

Investors often make irrational investment decisions. Decisions are often based on their judgment which is far from rational assumptions. When investors face risky situations, there are some objectivity, emotions, risk tolerance and other psychological factors that usually influence their decision making. The theory underlying this research is Efficient Market Hypothesis and Behavioral Finance. Efficient Market Hypothesis explains how information about a security or stock is used to predict the price of a security or stock in the future so that the resulting return can be predicted. Behavioral Finance studies how psychological phenomena influence financial behavior where there are biases that influence a person's behavior such as overconfidence, herding, and regret aversion. This study uses a judgment sampling by collecting data through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents who have already invested and are in Jakarta with the help of SPSS 20. Measuring instruments in this study are validity, reliability, average, likert scale, test classical assumptions, and multiple linear regression tests with valid, reliable results, the regression model fulfills the assumptions that the residues are normally distributed, there is no heteroscedasticity, and there is no multicollinearity. The results showed that overconfidence had a positive effect on investor investment decision making, while herding, regret aversion, and risk tolerance did not significantly influence investor investment decision making.
Key words : Overconfidence, Herding, Regret Aversion, Risk Tolerance, Investment Decision, Efficient Market Hypothesis
HUBUNGAN PENGEMBANGAN KARIR DAN STRES KERJA DENGAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT XYZ
Authors: Dhea Amelia , Handayani Kristin 
Published: November 2023

Employee performance plays an important role in supporting the enlargement of a company's business unit. In fact, the decrease in net profit margin of PT. XYZ during the period 2015 to 2018 by 3%, on the one hand, provides the fact that there was an increase in employee overtime by 700%. One of the factors determining performance is work motivation while one of the performance indicators is workload. The research objective was to determine the existence of a relationship between career development and job stress and employee performance at PT XYZ. The research object was 60 respondents of PT. XYZ. Samples were taken using non-probability sampling with saturated sampling techniques. Primary data collection using a questionnaire method. The data analysis technique used SPSS 20 software through descriptive analysis, pre-test of validity and reliability, classical assumption test, along with simple correlation coefficient analysis and multiple correlation coefficient. The results showed (1) there is a relationship between career development and employee performance, (2) there is a relationship between job stress and employee performance and (3) there is a relationship between career development and work stress together with employee performance. The conclusion of this research is that career development and job stress have a significant relationship with employee performance. Providing training to improve employee skills, communication between management and employees as well as attention in job analysis in the form of weighting the tasks given in a given span of time equitably related to the quality of employee work.
Keywords: Career Development, Job Stress, Employee Performance
FİRMALARIN ULUSLARARASI PAZARLARA GİRİŞ ŞEKİLLERİNE SWOT ANALİZİNİN ETKİSİ
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Ali Şükrü , KIZILKAN Zeynep 
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Rekabetin çetin hale gelmesi işletmelerin kendi zayıf ve üstün yönleri ile dış çevredeki fırsat ve tehditlerin farkında olmalarını, diğer bir ifadeyle SWOT analizi yapmalarını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, SWOT analizinin uluslararası pazarlara girişe etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. İmalat sanayiinde faaliyet yürüten 60 farklı işletmede çalışanlarından basit tesadüfi yöntemle elde edilen 385 geçerli anket verisi ile hipotez test edilmiştir. Veri analizinde; tanımlayıcı istatistik, açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Analiz sonuçlarına göre SWOT analizi ile uluslararası pazarlara giriş şekilleri arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Özgünlük: İşletmelerin uluslararası pazarlara hangi şekilde gireceklerine karar vermeden önce SWOT analizi yapmaları büyük önem arz etmektedir. Önemine rağmen yazında SWOT analizinin uluslararası pazarlara giriş şekillerin belirlenmesine olan etkisini ampirik olarak araştıran sınırlı çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, SWOT analizinin uluslararası pazarlara giriş şekline etkisi ampirik olarak ortaya konulmuş ve hem literatüre hem de uygulamaya katkı sağlanmıştır.
Pelayanan Lunch oleh Waiter dan Waitress pada Nusantara Restaurant di Ascent Premiere Hotel and Convention Malang
Authors: Firdaus Wahyu Ali , Jatmiko Hadi 
Published: November 2023

Penulisan tugas akhir Dengan “Pelayanan Lunch Oleh Waiter Dan Waitress Pada Nusantara Restaurant Di Ascent Premiere Hotel And Convention Malang” bertujuan mengetahui pelayanan lunch oleh waiter/waitess di nusantara restoran ascent premiere malang, penulis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan melaksanakan pengamatan secara langsung pada saat operasional berlangsung. Pelayanan sangat berpengaruh terhadap keberlangsungan nusantara restoran, jumlah pengunjung yang sangat banyak dan penempatan buffet di tempat yang sempit membuat pengunjung mengantre sangat panjang, dengan antrean yang sangat panjang dan padat kegiatan refill makanan menjadi sangat terganggu dan tidak menutup kemungkinan tamu yang lain mengurungkan niat untuk mengunjungi restoran. Berdasarkan pembahasan, dapat diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut : Pelayanan lunch di nusantara restaurant ascent premiere hotel and convention malang menggunakan system penyajian buffet service dan ready on plate; Pelayanan lunch oleh waiter dan waitress yang baik di nusantara restaurant ascent premiere hotel and convention malang membuat kenyamanan bagi tamu.
Peran Front Desk Agent dalam Menangani Keluhan Tamu di Front Office Aston Jember Hotel & Conference Center
Authors: Akasia Nafila Eka , Sandy Syah Riza Octavy 
Published: November 2023

Tugas akhir ini berjudul peran front desk agent dalam menangani keluhan tamu di front office Aston Jember Hotel & Conference Center”. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengambilan data berupa metode observasi dan metode training, wawancara, dokumentasi dengan teknik analisis data deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dapat dijelaskan kesimpulan bahwa Front Desk Agent adalah section yang berada dalam front office department yang mempuyai tugas untuk menangani kebutuhan tamu dengan pelayanan yang baik. Peran Front Desk Agent dalam penanganan keluhan tamu di Aston Jember Hotel & Conference Center dengan ramah menerima keluhan tamu dan memberikan penyelesaian masalah yang di keluhkan oleh tamu dengan cepat dan tepat sesuai prosedur, baik secara langsung saat didepan tamu maupun melalui bagian terkait sesuai keluhan tamu.