bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stimulatory effects of drugs for protein synthesis on muscle cell cultures in duchenne dystrophy
Authors: Ionasescu Victor , Stern Lawrence Z. , Ionasescu Rebeca , Rubenstein Peter 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe influence of the membrane‐stablizing agents diphenylhydantoin (DPH) and orgotein (a drug with superoxide dismutase activity) on protein synthesis was studied in cultured human muscle cells obtained from 7 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and 14 controls. The cultures were obtained by dissociation and subsequent plating of cells from biopsied quadriceps muscle. These cultures were then labeled with tritiated leucine in the presence and absence of the membrane‐stabilizing drugs. Total protein synthesis (cpm/mg noncollagen protein) in first‐passage muscle cell cultures from DMD patients showed a 35% decrease, but myosin synthesis revealed normal values. DPH and orgotein increased total protein synthesis by 35 and 50%, respectively, in dystrophic cultured cells, but only by 7 and 8%, respectively, in control cultured cells.
Symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis
Authors: Hinton R. C. , Mohr J. P. , Ackerman R. H. , Adair L. B. , Fisher C. M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe clinical course of 16 consecutive patients with stenosis of the middle cerebral artery angiographically diagonosed between 1970 and 1977 was reviewed. All were managed nonsurgically with medical treatment including anticoagulation. Prior to therapy, transient ischemic attacks had occurred in 15 and cerebral infarction in 11. Initially, none exhibited more than a minor neurological deficit. Follow‐up from one month to six years showed a benign course in 14 patients: 13 experienced no subsequent transient attacks or new stroke; 1 had repeated transient attacks for two years but not in the following four years. Two of the 16 developed a severe stroke early in the course, before medical therapy was started. No distinctive clinical or radiographic features were identified that permitted prediction of the outcome. This small series supports the need for a randomized study of bypass efficacy in these patients.
Cervical radiculomyelopathy due to calcified ligamenta flava
Authors: Kamakura Keiko , Nanko Shinichiro , Furukawa Tetsuo , Mannen Toru , Toyokura Yasuo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTwo cases of cervical radiculomyelopathy were apparently caused by calcification of the ligamenta flava. Similar cases have not previously been described, although myelopathy due to calcified thoracolumbar ligamenta flava is occasionally reported. Radiological study is necessary for diagnosis. Surgical removal of the calcified masses was followed by improvement in the symptoms. In 1 patient, the disease was associated with pseudogout in the menisci of the knee joints, public symphysis, and acetabular lips. The cause and pathogenesis of this rare condition are unknown.
Resolution of classic migraine after removal of an occipital lobe AVM
Authors: Troost B. Todd , Mark Louis E. , Maroon Joseph C. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA patient had a thirteen‐year history of symptoms clinically indistinguishable from classic migraine: a slowly progressive visual fortification spectrum lasting 40 minutes, followed by a five‐ to six‐hour throbbing unilateral headache with nausea and vomiting. After unsuccessful migraine therapy, investigation revealed a large occipital lobe arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Surgical removal of the AVM resulted in immediate and total resolution of all symptoms.
Subacute motor neuronopathy: A Remote effect of lymphoma
Authors: Schold S. Clifford , Cho Eun‐Sook , Somasundaram Mahendra , Posner Jerome B. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTen patients developed a subacute lower motor neuron syndrome as a remote effect of Hodgkin's disease or other lymphoma. The illness usually followed a benign course independent of the activity of the underlying neoplasm. Seven of the patients improved spontaneously, and 3 became neurologically normal. Two patients died of intercurrent infections related to immunosuppression. Neuropathological examination of these 2 patients and 3 previously reported cases showed prominent neuronal degeneration restricted to the anterior horns of the spinal cord and mild posterior column demyelination. Demyelination was also present in the anterior roots of our autopsied patients and was accompanied by large, hyperchromatic Schwann cells. The cause of the illness is obscure, but both radiation therapy and opportunistic infection may be contributing factors. Attempts at virus isolation have been unsuccessful. The syndrome should be distinguished from the more common direct effects of lymphoma on the nervous system, since its identification spares the patient additional, potentially harmful therapy.
The origin of fasciculations in motoneuron disease
Authors: Wettstein Albert 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe collision technique was used to determine the origin of distal fasciculations in 25 motor units from 9 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 6 with other diseases involving motoneurons. Fasciculations originated in the nerve proximal to the knee or elbow in 15 and distally in 2; multiple sites of origin were found in 8 motor units. The origin was not related to the presence or absence of electromyographic evidence for collateral sprouting or lesions in descending suprasegmental pathways.
Choroid plexus papilloma and infantile spasms
Authors: Branch Clinton E. , Dyken Paul R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA 7‐month‐old infant had the infantile spasm syndrome, consisting of flexor and extensor spasms, developmental delay, and hypsarrhythmia. Corticotropin produced improvement in the clinical symptoms and reverted the generalized electroencephalographic abnormalities to more focal ones. Removal of a choroid plexus papilloma of the left lateral ventricle was followed by clinical recovery. One year later the child was normal developmentally and neurologically and was seizure free on anticonvulsant therapy.
Tarsal tunnel syndrome: Electrophysiological study
Authors: Oh Shin J. , Sarala Palliyath K. , Kuba Tadashi , Elmore Robert S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is a rare compression neuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve. Typical symptoms are burning pain and paresthesia in the toes and along the sole of the foot. The presence of Tinel's sign and objective sensory loss in the territory of any of the terminal branches of the posterior tibial nerve are diagnostically helpful.The terminal latency and sensory nerve conduction velocity in medial and lateral plantar nerves were studied in 20 normal controls and 21 cases of TTS in 17 patients. Prolonged terminal latency was observed in 11 cases, with TTS, while sensory nerve conduction abnormality (either absent nerve potential or slow sensory nerve conduction velocity) was found in 19. The sensory nerve conduction velocity in the lateral and medial plantar nerves is a superior objective diagnostic index of TTS.
Cerebral and retinal vascular complications of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Schneiderman Jacob H. , Sharpe James A. , Sutton David M. C. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractRecurrent retinal branch artery occlusions, carotid thromboembolism, cerebral venous thrombosis, transient brainstem ischemia, and massive brainstem and cerebral infarction complicated the course of inflammatory bowel disease in 5 patients. Three patients had ulcerative colitis and 2 had regional enteritis. The usual risk factors for stroke were absent. Neuropathological examination in 1 patient showed in situ thrombosis of small cerebral and brainstem arteries and veins. Coagulation studies showed thrombocytosis, short partial thromboplastin times, and elevation of fibrinogen and Factor VIII levels. Platelet counts and coagulation factors returned toward normal after control of intestinal inflammation in each of the 4 surviving patients. Inflammatory bowel disease can be accompanied by a hypercoagulable state that predisposes to stroke.
Suppressor cell function in multiple sclerosis: Correlation with clinical disease activity
Authors: Antel Jack P. , Arnason Barry G. W. , Medof M. Edward 
Published: January 2005

AbstractConcanavalin A (Con A)–activated suppressor cell activity was determined in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who had been assigned to one of three subgroups, those with active disease, those recovering from a flare‐up, and those with stable disease. The level of suppression induced by the Con A–activated suppressor cells on the mitogenic response of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes was reduced in patients with active disease (3 ± 8%) compared with stable patients (30 ± 8%), patients recovering from a flare‐up (62 ± 5%), and controls (40 ± 5%). As a measure of the actual amounts of suppressor factors released, the effect of supernatants from the Con A–activated cells on the proliferative activity of a dividing cell line (L cells) was determined concurrently. The inhibitory effect of supernatants from activated cells was reduced in active and stable MS patients (7 ± 3%) compared to controls (21 ± 4%). Three of 4 with active MS showed mildly elevated immune complex levels as measured by the Raji cell technique; each of these patients had low suppressor activity. Levamisole (1 μg per milliliter) failed to alter suppresor cell activity in our in vitro system.
Prostaglandin effect on lymphokine production in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Willoughby E. W. , Dupont B. , Good R. A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractProduction of the lymphokine LIF (leukocyte migration inhibitory factor) by normal lymphocytes on stimulation with mitogens is inhibited by E type prostaglandins (PGE). It has been reported that the leukocytes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are resistant to this inhibitory effect. We have studied 10 MS patients using an indirect technique for measuring LIF activity. This allows separation of the effects of PGE on lymphocyte LIF production from the effects on the action of LIF on the target granulocytes. There was no difference between normal subjects and MS patients in the effects of prostaglandins E1 and E2 in concentrations of 2.5 and 0.25 μg per milliliter, on LIF production, or on granulocyte response to LIF. These results do not support the hypothesis that the chronic inflammatory process in MS is the result of resistance to the normal inhibitory effects of PGE on the cellular immune response.
“Arachnoid cysts” of the sylvian fissure versus “temporal lobe agenesis” syndrome
Authors: Shaw Cheng‐Mei 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMeasurements of the two cerebral hemispheres in 2 brains with arachnoid cysts of the sylvian fissure indicate no differences in weight or volume and therefore give no support to the hypothesis that these could be examples of the “temporal lobe agenesis” syndrome.
Progressive myelopathy due to extramedullary hematopoiesis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Stahl Stephen M. , Ellinger Gary , Baringer J. Richard 
Published: January 2005

AbstractExtramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in the spinal epidural space is a rare but treatable cause of progressive paraparesis in patients with a variety of hematological and systemic disorders. We report a case of extensive thoracic epidural EMH causing progressive spastic paraparesis in a patient with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia. The literature describes 11 additional cases of myelopathy due to epidural EMH. All patients had EMH in the midthoracic region with elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein and abnormal spine roentgenograms or myelograms. Treatment with decompressive laminectomy, radiation therapy, or both, resulted in marked or complete recovery in 7 of 10 patients. Patients who develop paraparesis and who have a disorder associated with EMH should be evaluted rapidly for this treatable condition.
Development of nystagmus in response to vestibular stimulation in infants
Authors: Eviatar L. , Miranda S. , Eviatar A. , Freeman K. , Borkowski M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractNystagmus in response to perotatory stimulation by torsion swing or ice‐cold caloric (ICC) irrigation of the ear canals was studied in 276 infants from birth to 12 months of age. The percentage of positive responses to perotatory stimulation correlated with gestational age and weight at birth during the first 3 months of life and became comparable among groups by 6 months of age. The quality of perotatory nystagmus did not differ among groups.A direct correlation between the caloric‐induced intensity and duration of nystagmus with gestational age and weight at birth was noted during the first 3 months of life. Premature infants showed the weakest responses, and term‐delivered, large for gestational age children the strongest responses. ICC‐induced nystagmus reached comparable levels for all groups by 6 months except for premature infants, in whom comparable responses were attained by 9 months of age. Vestibular responses mature over time, with patterns that correlate with gestational age and weight at birth.
Inhibitory effects of anticonvulsant drugs on cyclic nucleotide accumulation in brain
Authors: Ferrendelli James A. , Kinscherf Dorothy A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractVeratridine causes depolarization of excitable cells and produces marked elevation of adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and guanosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate (cyclic GMP) levels in incubated slices of mouse cerebral cortex. Phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, primidone, phensuximide, methsuximide, α‐methyl‐α‐phenylsuccinimide, and high concentrations of clonazepam are anticonvulsant drugs that preferentially prevent maximal electroshock seizures (MES) and generalized tonic‐clonic convulsions; all these agents inhibit veratridine‐induced accumulation of both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. In contrast, ethosuximide, trimethadione, valproic acid, and low concentrations of clonazepam are anticonvulsant drugs that act predominantly against Metrazol and absence seizures; these agents are ineffective or inhibit accumulation of only cyclic GMP. The results suggest that inhibition of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP accumulation in depolarized brain tissue is a molecular neuropharmacological action characteristic of anticonvulsant drugs that have direct effects on cellular membrane function and prevent MES. Anticonvulsant drugs that do not inhibit accumulation of both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in depolarized brain tissue preferentially prevent Metrazol and absence seizures and probably exert their effects by altering neurotransmission mechanisms.
Determinants of survival in children with brain tumors
Authors: Gold Ellen B. , Gordis Leon 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA study was conducted in metropolitan Baltimore to examine time trends in survival and factors which influence survival of children with brain tumors. One hundred eighty‐four cases diagnosed from 1960 to 1975 were identified; 76.5% occurred in white children and 48% were girls. Five‐year survival rates were 35% for children diagnosed in 1960–64, 34% in 1965–69, and 49% in 1970–74. Girls had consistently better survival rates than boys. White children experienced experienced consistently better survival rates than blacks. Of those who survived the first year, children with supratentorial tumors had better five‐year survival rates (46%) than those with infratentorial tumors (27%). Of those who survived the first year, children with astrocytomas had better survival rates than those with other types of tumors.
Myelin basic protein binding cells in active multiple sclerosis
Authors: Vandenbark Arthur A. , Hallum Jules V. , Swank Roy L. , Tong Alex , Burger Denis R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA sensitive, antigen‐specific rosetting technique was used to enumerate blood cells that bind myelin basic protein (BP) in MS patients and controls. Sixteen of 23 MS patients in exacerbation but only 7 of 48 in remission formed elevated numbers of rosettes. Five of the latter 7 patients had recovered from an exacerbation within four months of the laboratory evaluation. Eight of 20 patients with progressive MS, all of whom had had disease for more than four years, had BP rosette‐forming cells. None of the 16 normal volunteers and 1 of 8 neurological controls had BP rosette‐forming cells. These results suggest that BP‐binding cells in MS are confined to patients in acute exacerbation or within four months of activity, and those who have had progressive disease for at least four years.
Oligodendrocyte staining by multiple sclerosis serum is nonspecific
Authors: Traugott Ute , Snyder D. Stephen , Raine Cedric S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe immunofluorescent staining properties of 65 serum samples from 54 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 63 samples from 55 patients with other neurological diseases (OND), and sera from 14 healthy normal individuals were examined on frozen sections of bovine and human brain. When tested on bovine brain sections, positive oligoden drocyte staining was present in 63% of MS sera, 43% of OND sera, and 29% of normal sera. The percentages were lower with human brain tissue. Astrocyte and myelin staining was common. F(ab')2 fragments purified from selected positive and negative MS and control sera gave no staining, though IgG fractions from the same sera prior to pepsin digestion gave positive staining. When tested against antihuman IgM and IgA conjugates, the same positive sera and their IgG‐depleted globulin fractions gave minimal or no staining. These results indicate that oligodendrocyte staining is not specific for MS, is not due to specific antibody, and is probably the result of nonspecific binding to Fc receptors.
Controlled trial of EMG feedback in muscle contraction headache
Authors: Bruhn Peter , Olesen Jes , Melgaard Bjørn 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTwenty‐eight patients suffering from severe, longstanding muscle contraction headache were randomly assigned to two groups, one receiving electromyographic (EMG) feedback therapy and the other, “most suitable alternative therapy.” Headache intensity and severity as well as drug intake were reduced in the feedback group (p ≤ 0.01) as opposed to no improvement in the control group. The positive treatment effect in the feedback group persisted through a three‐month follow‐up peiod. EMG feedback therapy is effective in the treatment of muscle contraction headache even in its chronic, severe form, which is resistant to traditional treatment methods.
Use of a self‐administered questionnaire for detection of transient cerebral ischemic attacks: I. Survey of elderly persons living in retirement facilities
Authors: Wilkinson W. E. , Heyman A. , Burch J. G. , Ostfeld A. , Labarthe D. R. , Leviton A. , O'Fallon W. M. , Whisnant J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA self‐administered questionnaire designed to identify people with transient cerebral ischemia (TIA) in large population groups was distributed to approximately 10,000 elderly persons living in public and private retirement facilities in the United States. The population resided in eight cities, and 74% completed the survey. Transient focal neurological symptoms compatible with a diagnosis of TIA within the previous year were reported by 6.4% of the respondents. Uncertain manifestations of TIA, i.e., dizziness, light‐headedness, or loss of balance, were noted by an additional 15.4% the remaining 78.2% had no manifestations of this disorder.A clinical history for TIA was taken by a neurologist in a sample of 1,712 respondents to determine the validity of the questionnaire responses. Thirty (7.1%) of 423 persons presumed by the questionnaire to have TIA met the standard clinical criteria for the diagnosis. An additional 8 cases of TIA were found by the neurologist among the 1,289 interviewed persons presumed by the questionnaire to have uncertain TIA or no evidence of the disorder. The twelve‐month period prevalence of TIA was estimated to be 8.2 per 1,000 in the total respondent population and 5.8 per 1,000 among those without a history of prior completed stroke. Despite the high proportion of false‐positive neurological symptoms of TIA elicited by the questionnaire, this survey instrument nevertheless screened out for further study the 6% of the population in whom 55% of the TIAs occurred.
Dynamic properties of partially denervated muscle
Authors: Miller Robert G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe mechanical and electrical properties of the partially denervated first dorsal interosseous muscle were measured in 14 patients and 14 normal control subjects. The following variables were studied during isometric contraction: maximum voluntary contraction; maximum rate of rise of tension in a rapid voluntary contraction; amplitude, rate of rise, time to peak, and duration of peak of the compound muscle action potential; twitch force, maximum rate of rise, contraction time, and half‐relaxation time; and tetanic (50 Hz) force, rate of rise, and tetanus/twitch ratio. The force produced during repetitive stimulation of the ulnar nerve at 10, 20, 50, and 100 impulses per second was also analyzed.The major findings were: (1) decreased load bearing (voluntary contraction, twitch, and tetanus), (2) prolonged twitch contraction times and half‐relaxation times, (3) decreased tetanus/twitch ratio, and (4) preserved rate of rise of tension.
Tolosa‐hunt syndrome with sellar erosion
Authors: Polsky M. , Janicki Paul C. , Gunderson C. H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA 47‐year‐old patient with Tolosa‐Hunt syndrome was successfully treated with steroids. An unusual clinical feature was erosion of the sella turcica. It is postulated that this was due to the mass effect of the granulomatous changes in the cavernous sinus.
Familial subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy of the adult form (adult Leigh syndrome)
Authors: Kalimo H. , Lundberg P. O. , Olsson Y. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA family—mother and 2 sons—with a heredodegenerative neurological disease is described. The disease started with bilateral optic atrophy, central scotoma, and color blindness during the second decade. This was followed by a quiescent period until additional neurological symptoms appeared, around the age of 50 years in the case of the mother and 40 and 30 years, respectively, in the sons. The additional symptoms were ataxia, spastic paresis, clonic jerks, grand mal sezures, psychic lability, and slight dementia. The disease was progressive, resulting in permanent hospitalization within a few years. The mother died at the age of 63 years and the sons at 46 and 43 years of age.Neuropathological examination revealed lesions histopathologically characteristic of subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (SNE, Leigh disease), and their distribution in the brain and brainstem also conformed to this disease. On the basis of the clinical course and neuropathological findings, we consider that these 3 patients represent the first reported familial cases of the adult form of SNE.
Dysarthria–clumsy hand syndrome produced by capsular infarct
Authors: Spertell Robert B. , Ransom Bruce R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA 64‐year‐old hypertensive man presented with the dysarthria–clumsy hand syndrome, manifested by dysarthria, dysphagia, central facial weakness, deviation of the tongue on protrusion, incoordination of the affected hand, and mild imbalance on walking. A computed tomographic scan demonstrated a resolving acute infarction in the vicinity of the genu of the internal capsule.
Agenesis of the corpus callosum: A study of the frequency of associated malformations
Authors: Parrish Margaret L. , Roessmann Uros , Levinsohn Morris W. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractReview of 11 cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum studied at our institution revealed a high incidence of associated anomalies. Nine patients had associated malformations of the central nervous system, 6 involving the pyramidal system. Eight cases were associated with malformations in the rest of the body. Review of completely examined cases from the literature yielded 47 examples of associated malformations. These were varied and without consistent pattern, with the possible exception of facial abnormalities.