bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of microbial fermentation on the quality of soybean meal
Authors: Xue Jie , Wu Jiayang , Ji Yanli , Sun Shuyuan , Gao Yaran , Yang Hui , Wu Junrui 
Published: November 2023

SummarySoybean meal is an important and inexpensive source of protein in food and animal feed, and contains anti‐nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors, antigenic proteins, oligosaccharides, phytic acids and lectins, which limit its application. Microbial fermentation has the capability to improve the nutritional value and biological activities of soybean meal by changing its natural composition. Fermentation results in the degradation of anti‐nutritional factors in soybean meal, an increased amount of small molecular protein peptides and improved content of isoflavone aglycone. However, the nutritional composition and biological activities of the resulting fermented products differ due to the different microbial species and conditions used for fermentation. Compared to soybean meal, fermented soybean meal has several beneficial effects such as digestibility, antioxidant and hypoallergenicity. The objective of this review is to discuss the fermentation processes of soybean meal, as well as outlines some biological activities associated with it. Furthermore, the current application of fermented soybean meal is also summarised.
Soluble vascular endothelial glycocalyx proteoglycans as potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory diseases
Authors: Kunnathattil Maneesha , Rahul Pedapudi , Skaria Tom 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReducing the activity of cytokines and leukocyte extravasation is an emerging therapeutic strategy to limit tissue‐damaging inflammatory responses and restore immune homeostasis in inflammatory diseases. Proteoglycans embedded in the vascular endothelial glycocalyx, which regulate the activity of cytokines to restrict the inflammatory response in physiological conditions, are proteolytically cleaved in inflammatory diseases. Here we critically review the potential of proteolytically shed, soluble vascular endothelial glycocalyx proteoglycans to modulate pathological inflammatory responses. Soluble forms of the proteoglycans syndecan‐1, syndecan‐3 and biglycan exert beneficial anti‐inflammatory effects by the removal of chemokines, suppression of proinflammatory cytokine expression and leukocyte migration, and induction of autophagy of proinflammatory M1 macrophages. By contrast, soluble versikine and decorin enhance proinflammatory responses by increasing inflammatory cytokine synthesis and leukocyte migration. Endogenous syndecan‐2 and mimecan exert proinflammatory effects, syndecan‐4 and perlecan mediate beneficial anti‐inflammatory effects and glypican regulates Hh and Wnt signaling pathways involved in systemic inflammatory responses. Taken together, targeting the vascular endothelial glycocalyx–derived, soluble syndecan‐1, syndecan‐2, syndecan‐3, syndecan‐4, biglycan, versikine, mimecan, perlecan, glypican and decorin might be a potential therapeutic strategy to suppress overstimulated cytokine and leukocyte responses in inflammatory diseases.
New sights of low dose IL‐2: Restoration of immune homeostasis for viral infection
Authors: Su Rui , Zhang Tingting , Wang Hui , Yan Gaofei , Wu Ruihe , Zhang Xin , Gao Chong , Li Xiaofeng , Wang Caihong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractViral infection poses a significant threat to human health. In addition to the damage caused by viral replication, the immune response it triggers often leads to more serious adverse consequences. After the occurrence of viral infection, in addition to the adverse consequences of infection, chronic infections can also lead to virus‐related autoimmune diseases and tumours. At the same time, the immune response triggered by viral infection is complex, and dysregulated immune response may lead to the occurrence of immune pathology and macrophage activation syndrome. In addition, it may cause secondary immune suppression, especially in patients with compromised immune system, which could lead to the occurrence of secondary infections by other pathogens. This can often result in more severe clinical outcomes. Therefore, regarding the treatment of viral infections, restoring the balance of the immune system is crucial in addition to specific antiviral medications. In recent years, scientists have made an interesting finding that low dose IL‐2 (ld‐IL‐2) could potentially have a crucial function in regulating the immune system and reducing the chances of infection, especially viral infection. Ld‐IL‐2 exerts immune regulatory effects in different types of viral infections by modulating CD4+T subsets, CD8+T cells, natural killer cells, and so on. Our review summarised the role of IL‐2 or IL‐2 complexes in viral infections. Ld‐IL‐2 may be an effective strategy for enhancing host antiviral immunity and preventing infection from becoming chronic; additionally, the appropriate use of it can help prevent excessive inflammatory response after infection. In the long term, it may reduce the occurrence of infection‐related autoimmune diseases and tumours by promoting the restoration of early immune homeostasis. Furthermore, we have also summarised the application of ld‐IL‐2 in the context of autoimmune diseases combined with viral infections; it may be a safe and effective strategy for restoring immune homeostasis without compromising the antiviral immune response. In conclusion, focusing on the role of ld‐IL‐2 in viral infections may provide a new perspective for regulating immune responses following viral infections and improving prognosis.
Radiofrequency ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation in a patient with situs inversus totalis and interrupted inferior vena cava
Authors: Zou Fengwei , Flomenbaum David , Chowdhuri Nilarun , Grupposo Vito , Di Biase Luigi , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionCatheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has emerged as the most effective therapy. However, rare anatomical abnormalities such as situs inversus totalis, dextrocardia, or interrupted inferior vena cava can make ablation challenging.Methods and ResultsWe report a case of a 55‐year‐old woman with situs inversus totalis, dextrocardia, surgical atrial septal defect repair, left‐sided dual chamber pacemaker in place, and symptomatic recurrent persistent AF who underwent successful pulmonary vein and posterior wall isolation by the superior access from the left internal jugular vein.ConclusionsIt is a feasible and safe approach with support of transesophageal echocardiography and multiple emerging technologies.
The association between alcohol drinking and glycemic management among people with type 2 diabetes in China
Authors: Ye Qing , Ouyang Xiaojun , Qin Zhenzhen , Chen Yijia , Zhang Xuening , Liu Ye , Lou Qinglin , Xu Fei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate the association between alcohol drinking and glycemic management among adult patients with type 2 diabetes in regional China.Materials and MethodsIn this cross‐sectional survey conducted in Nanjing Municipality of China in 2018, adult type 2 diabetes patients were randomly selected from urban and rural communities. The outcome variable was the glycemic management status. The explanatory measure was alcohol drinking. Mixed‐effects regression models were employed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for examining the associations of alcohol drinking with glycemic management among type 2 diabetes patients.ResultsAmong the overall 5,663 participants, the glycemic management rate was 39.8% (95% CI = 38.5, 41.1), with 41.2% (95% CI = 39.7, 42.7), 43.9% (95% CI = 38.9, 48.8), and 34.1% (95% CI = 31.5, 36.7) for non‐drinkers, mild/moderate drinkers, and heavy drinkers, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders and community‐level clustering effect, heavy and mild/moderate alcohol drinkers were at 0.76 (95% CI = 0.66, 0.89) and 1.04 (95% CI = 0.87, 1.28) times odds to have glycemia under control than non‐drinkers among the overall participants. Furthermore, when stratified separately by gender and use of anti‐diabetes agents, the scenario within men, either regular or irregular users of anti‐diabetes agents was the same as that for overall participants, while the association between alcohol drinking and glycemic management became non‐significant among women.ConclusionsHeavy alcohol drinking might have a negative effect on glycemic management among patients with type 2 diabetes irrespective of the use of anti‐diabetes agents in regional China. This study has important public health implications regarding precision intervention on patients' glycemia control for type 2 diabetes management.
The effects of pesticides on tomato pollinators depend on application practices and floral visitor assemblage
Authors: Franceschinelli Edivani Villaron , Bergamini Leonardo Lima , Paniago Luiz Gustavo Fraga Rosa , Marcelo Vanessa Gonzaga , Madureira de Assis Igor , Cardoso Melissa Duarte Tavares , de Melo e Silva‐Neto Carlos , Brito Pedro Vale de Azevedo , Carvalheiro Luísa Gigante 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPesticide use affects biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Yet, such effects may vary between pesticides, dosage, application timing and pollinator assemblage in the study area. Understanding such diversity of effects is essential to enable integrated pest management practices that minimize negative impacts on pollinators. Here, we use a controlled experiment to compare different strategies of pesticide application in tomato crops: no application, low‐intensity applications (every 7 days) and high‐intensity application (every 3–4 days) with the last being the usual practice used by farmers in the study region. We focus on imidacloprid that is a neonicotinoid insecticide commonly used in Brazil. We show the negative effects of imidacloprid on the pollinator visitation rate of tomato flowers varied between flower visitor species. While the bee Paratrigona lineata was negatively affected by the imidacloprid application, no effects were detected when analysing all other bees as a group, indicating a null net effect. Although some studies have shown this insecticide is extremely harmful to bees' health, others showed that some bees do not avoid it, which may explain our results. However, the visitation rate recovery for P. lineata was only detected in the less than the more intensive treatment after imidacloprid applications ceased. The fact that no differences in fruit production were detected between treatments (including control blocks) could result from a null net effect of the negative effects on pollinators and positive effects on pest control. Further studies would be needed to disentangle the two effects.
Comparison of the characteristics of the CF‐H290I and PCF‐Q260JI colonoscopes in non‐sedated patients with a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Chen Xujin , Zhu Xianlan , Wei Bingni , Ji Lin , Yang Cheng , Zhan Qiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe purpose of this randomized controlled study was to compare the characteristics of the CF‐H290I (high‐definition) colonoscope with those of the PCF‐Q260JI (high‐resolution) colonoscope in non‐sedated patients with a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery in an effort to help endoscopists to select more effectively and objectively between the various colonoscopes.MethodsA total of 397 patients who underwent colonoscopy at the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, between August 2022 and October 2022 were randomized to a CF‐H290I group (n = 198) or a PCF‐Q260JI group (n = 199) using a computer‐generated allocation method. We compared the adenoma detection rate (ADR), patient satisfaction with the examination, discomfort associated with colonoscopy including abdominal distension and pain, cecal intubation time, and patient willingness to undergo colonoscopy in the future between the CF‐H290I and PCF‐Q260JI groups.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the overall ADR between the CF‐H290I and PCF‐Q260JI groups (81 [40.9%] vs 63 [31.7%], Z = 3.674, P = 0.055). However, the ADRs in the transverse colon and left colon were significantly higher in the CF‐H290I group (22 [11.1%] vs 6 [3.0%], Z = 9.588, P = 0.002 and 57 [28.8%] vs 37 [18.6%], Z = 5.212, P = 0.017, respectively). More sessile serrated lesions were detected in the CF‐H290I group (52 [26.3] vs 30 [15.1%], Z = 7.579, P = 0.006). Patient satisfaction with colonoscopy was better in the PCF‐Q260JI group (8.91 ± 1.09 vs 8.51 ± 1.44, t = −3.158, P < 0.01) with less likelihood of discomfort (23 [11.6%] vs 41 [20.7%], Z = 6.144, P = 0.013), The number of patients willing to undergo colonoscopy in the future was significantly greater in the PCF‐Q260JI group (168 [84.4%] vs 149 [75.3%], Z = 5.186, P = 0.023). The cecal intubation time was significantly shorter in the CF‐H290I group (256.09 ± 155.70 s vs 315.64 ± 171.64 s, P = 0.004). There were no complications such as perforation or bleeding in either group.ConclusionThe CF‐H290I and PCF‐Q260JI colonoscopes each have advantages when used in patients with a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery. The CF‐H290I has higher ADRs in the transverse and left colon whereas the PCF‐Q260JI is less painful and better accepted by patients. This study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Wuxi People's Hospital and was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200063092).
Analysis of the suitable thawing endpoint of the frozen chicken breast using video recording analysis, shear force, and bioelectrical impedance measurement
Authors: Feng Yanqiu , Zhu Xinyao , Wang Peng , Xu Xinglian , Xiao Qian , Liu Xuan , Zeng Xianming , Zhao Tinghui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on analyzing the texture properties and bioelectrical impedance characteristics of frozen chicken breasts during low‐temperature thawing, meanwhile, we also compared the differences in physiochemical properties. Frozen chicken breasts were thawed at 4 ± 2°C for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h separately, then the physiochemical properties (color, pH, water‐holding capacity, water distribution), the texture properties (easy‐to‐cut level), and the bioelectrical impedance were determined and analyzed. The easy‐to‐cut level of the samples was evaluated by the sensory panel and two indexes, one is Warner‐Bratzler shear force measured by texture analysis machine, and the other is cutting speed value calculated by the consumer‐oriented cutting behavior analysis using frame‐by‐frame video recording analysis method. These two methods were used to characterize the easy‐to‐cut level of the frozen samples during thawing from the industrial processing and home cooking standpoint. Strong correlations were observed between the easy‐to‐cut level and the bioelectrical impedance of the frozen chicken breasts during thawing. The impedance magnitude at 100 kHz showed a high correlation coefficient (R2 = .9417) with Warner‐Bratzler shear force, and the impedance magnitude at 50 Hz showed a high correlation coefficient (R2 = .8658) with cutting speed. Our results indicated the acceptability of using bioelectrical impedance to evaluate the easy‐to‐cut thawing endpoint for both industry processing and home cooking.
The LysR‐type transcription factor LsrB regulates beta‐lactam resistance in Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Authors: Schmidt Janka J. , Remme Donata C. L. E. , Eisfeld Jessica , Brandenburg Vivian B. , Bille Hannah , Narberhaus Franz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAgrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen, broadly known as the causal agent of the crown gall disease. The soil bacterium is naturally resistant to beta‐lactam antibiotics by utilizing the inducible beta‐lactamase AmpC. Our picture on the condition‐dependent regulation of ampC expression is incomplete. A known regulator is AmpR controlling the transcription of ampC in response to unrecycled muropeptides as a signal for cell wall stress. In our study, we uncovered the global transcriptional regulator LsrB as a critical player acting upstream of AmpR. Deletion of lsrB led to severe ampicillin and penicillin sensitivity, which could be restored to wild‐type levels by lsrB complementation. By transcriptome profiling via RNA‐Seq and qRT‐PCR and by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we show that ampD coding for an anhydroamidase involved in peptidoglycan recycling is under direct negative control by LsrB. Controlling AmpD levels by the LysR‐type regulator in turn impacts the cytoplasmic concentration of cell wall degradation products and thereby the AmpR‐mediated regulation of ampC. Our results substantially expand the existing model of inducible beta‐lactam resistance in A. tumefaciens by establishing LsrB as higher‐level transcriptional regulator.
Autonomic and cytokine mechanisms of acute electroacupuncture in a rodent model of functional dyspepsia
Authors: Zhang Sujuan , Liu Yi , Li Shiying , Ye Feng , Yin Jieyun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundCytokines have been presumed to play an important role in the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia (FD). Electroacupuncture (EA) has been used for FD treatment; however, its mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to (1) compare the plasma levels of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐10, in “FD” rats with normal control rats; (2) investigate whether EA, using chronically implanted electrodes, could inhibit the release of these cytokines; and (3) explore the correlation of cytokine levels with plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels and gastric emptying (GE).MethodsA rodent model of FD was established via neonatal treatment with intragastric iodoacetamide. After 8 weeks, the rats were implanted with electrodes at acupoint ST36 for EA. The plasma levels of cytokines and NE were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. We explored the correlations of cytokine levels with NE levels and GE.Key Results(i) “FD” rats demonstrated increased levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 (p < 0.05 each) compared with the control rats. (ii) EA significantly decreased the plasma levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 in “FD” rats (p < 0.05 each) compared with sham EA. (iii) The plasma levels of NE were positively correlated with those of IL‐6 (r = 0.86, p < 0.05) and IL‐1β (r = 0.81, p < 0.05), whereas NE levels and GE were negatively correlated with IL‐10 levels (r = −0.870, p < 0.05 and r = −0.791, p < 0.05, respectively).ConclusionsEA inhibits the release of proinflammatory cytokines probably via the suppression of sympathetic activity in “FD” rats.
Auxin homeostasis is maintained by sly‐miR167‐SlARF8A/B‐SlGH3.4 feedback module in the development of locular and placental tissues of tomato fruits
Authors: Hua Bing , Wu Junqing , Han Xiaoqian , Bian Xinxin , Xu Zhijing , Sun Chao , Wang Renyin , Zhang Wenyan , Liang Fei , Zhang Huimin , Li Shuang , Li Zhengguo , Wu Shuang 
Published: November 2023

Summary

The locular gel, produced by the placenta, is important for fruit flavor and seed development in tomato. However, the mechanism underlying locule and placenta development is not fully understood yet.

Here, we show that two SlARF transcription factors, SlARF8B and SlARF8A (SlARF8A/B), promote the development of locular and placenta tissues. The expression of both SlARF8A and SlARF8B is repressed by sly‐microRNA167 (sly‐miR167), allowing for the activation of auxin downstream genes.

In slarf8a, slarf8b, and slarf8a/b mutants, the auxin (IAA) levels are decreased, whereas the levels of inactive IAA conjugates including IAA‐Ala, IAA‐Asp, and IAA‐Glu are increased. We further find that SlARF8B directly inhibits the expression of SlGH3.4, an acyl acid amino synthetase that conjugates the amino acids to IAA. Disruption of such auxin balance by the increased expression of SlGH3.4 or SlGH3.2 results in defective locular and placental tissues.

Taken together, our findings reveal an important regulatory module constituted by sly‐miR167‐SlARF8A/B‐SlGH3.4 during the development of locular and placenta tissues of tomato fruits.
Leaf thermal safety margins decline at hotter temperatures in a natural warming ‘experiment’ in the Amazon
Authors: Kullberg Alyssa T. , Coombs Lauren , Soria Ahuanari Roy D. , Fortier Riley P. , Feeley Kenneth J. 
Published: November 2023

Summary
The threat of rising global temperatures may be especially pronounced for low‐latitude, lowland plant species that have evolved under stable climatic conditions. However, little is known about how these species may acclimate to elevated temperatures. Here, we leveraged a strong, steep thermal gradient along a natural geothermal river to assess the ability of woody plants in the Amazon to acclimate to elevated air temperatures.
We measured leaf traits in six common tropical woody species along the thermal gradient to investigate whether individuals of these species: acclimate their thermoregulatory traits to maintain stable leaf temperatures despite higher ambient temperatures; acclimate their photosynthetic thermal tolerances to withstand hotter leaf temperatures; and whether acclimation is sufficient to maintain stable leaf thermal safety margins (TSMs) across different growth temperatures.
Individuals of three species acclimated their thermoregulatory traits, and three species increased their thermal tolerances with growth temperature. However, acclimation was generally insufficient to maintain constant TSMs. Notwithstanding, leaf health was generally consistent across growth temperatures.
Acclimation in woody Amazonian plants is generally too weak to maintain TSMs at high growth temperatures, supporting previous findings that Amazonian plants will be increasingly vulnerable to thermal stress as temperatures rise.
Conceptualizing weight management for night shift workers: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Davis Corinne , Huggins Catherine E. , Kleve Sue , Leung Gloria K. W. , Bonham Maxine P. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryShift workers have an increased risk of obesity and metabolic conditions. This mixed‐methods systematic literature review on night shift workers aimed to: (1) identify barriers/enablers of weight management; (2) examine effectiveness of weight management interventions; and (3) determine whether interventions addressed enablers/barriers. Six databases were searched, articles screened by title/abstract, followed by full‐text review, and quality assessment. Eligible qualitative studies documented experiences of behaviors related to weight change. Eligible quantitative studies were behavior change interventions with weight/body mass index outcomes. A thematic synthesis was undertaken for qualitative studies using the social‐ecological model (SEM). Interventions were synthesized narratively including: weight/body composition change; components mapped by behavior change taxonomy; and SEM. A synthesis was undertaken to identify if interventions addressed perceived enablers/barriers. Eight qualitative (n = 169 participants) and 12 quantitative studies (n = 1142 participants) were included. Barriers predominated discussions: intrapersonal (time, fatigue, stress); interpersonal (work routines/cultural norms); organizational (fatigue, lack of: routine, healthy food options, breaks/predictable work); community (lack of healthy food options). The primary outcome for interventions was not weight loss and most did not address many identified enablers/barriers. One intervention reported a clinically significant weight loss result. Weight loss interventions that address barriers/enablers at multiple SEM levels are needed.