bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The quantised current steps due to the synchronisation of microwaves with the Bloch oscillations in small Josephson junctions
Authors: Antonov Vladimir , Shaikhaidarov Rais , Kim Kyung Ho , Dunstan Jacob , Antonov Ilya , Golubev Dmitry , Astafiev Oleg 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Synchronisation of the Bloch oscillations in a small Josephson junction (JJ) under the microwave radiation leading to the current quantisation at a current equal to Cooper-pair charge × frequency × integer has been proposed as the effect dual to the Shapiro steps. Experimental confirmation of this phenomenon was delayed for a long time until last year's breakthrough when the current quantisation was demonstrated in the superconducting nanowires. The compact high impedance environment of the nanowires played a key role in the experiment. Direct observation of the current quantization in the JJs would answer the fundamental question of the Bloch oscillations and open a more feasible road for the metrological application. Here we place JJs in the high impedance environment and demonstrate dual Shapiro steps for frequencies up to 24 GHz (I=7.7 nA). The current quantisation exists, however, only in a narrow range of JJ parameters, the critical current and capacitance. We carry out a systematic study to explain this by invoking the model of the JJ in presence of the thermal noise. The findings are important for the fundamental physics and application to quantum metrology.
Cabergoline as a Novel Strategy for Post-Pregnancy Breast Cancer Prevention in Mice and Human
Authors: García-Sancha* Natalia , Corchado-Cobos* Roberto , Blanco-Gómez* Adrián , Puértolas Oriol Cunillera , Marzo-Castillejo Mercè , Castillo-Lluva Sonia , Alonso-López Diego , Rivas Javier De Las , Pozo Julio , Orfao Alberto , Valero-Juan Luis , Patino-Alonso Carmen , Perera David , Venkitaraman Ashok R. , Mao Jian-Hua , Chang Hang , Mendiburu-Eliçabe Marina , González-García Patricia , Caleiras Eduardo , Peset Isabel , Cenador María Begoña García , García-Criado Francisco Javier , Pérez-Losada Jesús 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Post-pregnancy breast cancer often carries a poor prognosis, posing a major clinical challenge. The increasing trend of later-life pregnancies exacerbates this risk, highlighting the need for effective chemoprevention strategies. Current options, limited to selective estrogen receptor modulators, aromatase inhibitors, or surgical procedures, offer limited efficacy and considerable side effects. Here, we report that cabergoline, a dopaminergic agonist, reduces the risk of breast cancer post-pregnancy in aBrca1/P53-deficient mouse model, with implications for human breast cancer prevention. We show that a single dose of cabergoline administered post-pregnancy significantly delayed the onset and reduced the incidence of breast cancer inBrca1/P53-deficient mice. Histological analysis revealed a notable acceleration in post-lactational involution over the short term, characterized by increased apoptosis and altered gene expression related to ion transport. Over the long term, histological changes in the mammary gland included a reduction in the ductal component, decreased epithelial proliferation, and a lower presence of recombinantBrca1/P53target cells, which are precursors of tumors. These changes serve as indicators of reduced breast cancer susceptibility. Additionally, RNA sequencing identified gene expression alterations associated with decreased proliferation and mammary gland branching. Our findings highlight a mechanism wherein cabergoline enhances the protective effect of pregnancy against breast cancer by potentiating postlactational involution. Notably, a retrospective cohort study in women demonstrated a markedly lower incidence of post-pregnancy breast cancer in those treated with cabergoline compared to a control group. Our work underscores the importance of enhancing postlactational involution as a strategy for breast cancer prevention, and identifies cabergoline as a promising, low-risk option in breast cancer chemoprevention. This strategy has the potential to revolutionize breast cancer prevention approaches, particularly for women at increased risk due to genetic factors or delayed childbirth, and has wider implications beyond hereditary breast cancer cases.(*) Equal contribution as first authors.
Co-designing strategies to improve advance care planning among people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds with cancer: iCanCarePlan study protocol
Authors: Chauhan Ashfaq , Chitkara Upma , Walsan Ramya , Sansom-Daly Ursula M. , Manias Elizabeth , Seah Davinia , Dalli Angie , Challam Sheetal , El-Kabbout Nadine , Tieu Thit , Sarwar Mashreka , Faiz Misbah , Huang Nancy , Rocha Vitor , Pal Abhijit , Harrison Reema 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background Advance care planning (ACP) describes the process of supporting individuals at any age or stage of health to consider and share their personal values, life goals, and preferences regarding future health care. Engaging in ACP is associated with better-quality of care in which people receive care in lines with their wishes, values and preferences. Direct translations of ACP guides and resources do not attend to the considerable inter- and intra-ethnic variations in cultural and religious or spiritual beliefs that shape preferences among people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. ICanCarePlan is a three-year project that aims to determine the prevalence of ACP documentation among people from CALD backgrounds with cancer, identify resources available and their use to support ACP among CALD communities, identify barriers and facilitators of person-centred ACP, and to develop, through co-design with consumers and clinicians, approaches that enhance the process ACP for people from CALD backgrounds. Method A mixed-method sequential approach will be used comprising of four studies. Study one is retrospective medical record review of approximately 1500 medical records to establish the prevalence of ACP documentation among CALD patient records in cancer services. Study two is a document analysis synthesising the resources available in the Australian health system to support ACP. Study three is a qualitative study with healthcare staff and consumers to explore barriers and enablers of person-centred ACP. Evidence generated from studies one to three will inform the conduct of co-design with stakeholders to develop approaches to improve ACP processes among CALD communities. Language, technical and financial support for meaningful involvement with consumers from CALD backgrounds throughout this project is outlined. A plan for distress management is also made due to sensitive nature of the topic. The research project has also established a project steering group consisting of three consumer members who are from CALD backgrounds. Discussion The project will address a national priority issue for a growing population of CALD communities in Australia. The project will provide novel evidence of ACP among CALD communities and novel strategies developed with stakeholders to enhance uptake and experiences of ACP.
Research on the Evaluation and Spatial Layout of High Quality Development of Higher Education in China
Authors: Li Wen , Shi Jinfa , Zuo Qiting , Ma Jianqin , Qiu Meng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

As a social subsystem, the layout of higher education is related to the degree of harmony in the economy and society. Based on the panel data from the “China Statistical Yearbook”, “China Education Statistical Yearbook” and the “Education Statistical Yearbook” of China’s provincial administrative regions from 2000 to 2022, considering factors such as sustainable economic and social development capacity, regional scientific and technological cultural development level, and spatial layout of higher education, the degree of harmonious development among the three is determined. This paper constructs an indicator system for harmonious development of China’s higher education, and uses the method of “single indicator quantification-multi indicator synthesis-multi criteria integration” (SMI-P) to determine the harmonious development index of China’s higher education. The ArcGIS spatial analysis method is used to study the spatial distribution changes of higher education harmonious development in China’s 31 provincial administrative regions. Then, the Tobit model is used to analyze the impact of various economic and social factors, scientific and cultural factors or layout of higher education factors on the harmonious development of higher education, in order to optimize the spatial layout of China’s higher education resources, balance education development, narrow regional disparities, promote regional coordination, and enhance the overall competitiveness of higher education. Research has found that: (1) The development of higher education subsystems shows a trend of convergence; (2) Over the past 23 years (from 2000 to 2023), the spatial centroid of harmonious development of higher education (HDHE) in China shifted southward; (3) There is a strong spatial interaction between 3 subsystems of harmonious development of higher education in China(economic society subsystem, technology and culture subsystem, and higher education subsystem); (4) The main factors affecting HDHE in China include the degree of regional ecological civilization, the ratio of university students to teachers and the per capita domestic patent application authorization.
Improved Reservoir Mapping and Gas Initial in Place Estimation through Broadening the Frequency Spectrum of Seismic Data, East Mediterranean, Egypt
Authors: Attia Ibrahim , Helal Abd El-Naser , Rawy Azza El 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the East Mediterranean region of Egypt has garnered significant attention due to its abundant hydrocarbon resources. One of the key challenges faced by the exploration and development of these reserves is the complex reservoir sequence developed during the Pliocene-Pleistocene period. This complexity has resulted in inconsistencies between the static volumes computed for different Direct Hydrocarbon Indicator (DHI) and those generated through dynamic modeling. These inconsistencies have led to an underestimate of the gas volumes in certain gas-producing levels, hindering accurate reserve estimation. In an effort to address this issue, this paper aims to expand and enhance the frequency spectrum of seismic data to improve seismic data resolution hence image the complexity of the reservoir. To achieve this objective, several techniques are presented that seismic colored inversion (CI), seismic spectral blueing (SSB), and spectral decomposition attribute extractions. By increasing the frequency bandwidth of the seismic data, these techniques enhance the resolution of seismic attributes and improve the accuracy of reservoir characterization. The implementation of seismic CI and SSB techniques has been revealed successfully increase the vertical resolution of seismic data from 31 meters to 17 meters using SSB and to 23 meters using CI. These improvements have positively matched drilled wells, providing a more accurate estimate of the hydrocarbon reserves.
The Central Composite Design and Artificial Neural Network in Optimization and Modeling of Radiolabeling Process of 177Lu-hydroxyapatite as a Potential Radiosynovectomy Agent
Authors: Nosrati S. Attar , Salahinejad M. , Aboudzadeh M.R. , Amiri M. , Roozbahani A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
A promising material used in radiation synovectomy of small joints is hydroxyapatite which has been labeled with 177Lu. During the design and production of radiopharmaceuticals, the condition of the radiolabeling process, directly influences the radiochemical yield and consequently the quality of the final product so this process necessitates a precise optimization. In this investigation, central composite design based on response surface methodology and artificial neural networks are applied to build predictive models and explore the effect of key parameters in the radiolabeling process of hydroxyapatite with 177Lu radionuclide. The variables that directly affected the labeling reaction were the initial 177Lu radionuclide concentration, pH, radiolabeling reaction time and temperature.
Results
Based on the validation data set, the statistical values demonstrate that the artificial neural networks model performs better than the response surface methodology model. The artificial neural networks model has a small mean squared error (9.08 artificial neural networks < 12.36 response surface methodology) and a high coefficient of determination (R2: 0.99 artificial neural networks > 0.93 response surface methodology). In addition, the maximum radiochemical yield is found at the initial concentration of 177Lu radionuclide = 0.128 megabecquerel (MBq), pH = 6.1, and temperature = 38.9 (oC), by performing the response surface methodology.
Conclusion
The ability to generate more data with fewer experiments for optimization and improved production is a pertinent advantage of multivariate optimization methods over traditional methods in radiation-related activities. The central composite design optimization and artificial neural networks modeling are successfully utilized to create prediction models and investigate the impact of critical variables in the radiolabeling of hydroxyapatite with 177Lu radionuclide.
Revealing the atomic and electronic mechanism of human manganese superoxide dismutase product inhibition
Authors: Borgstahl Gloria , Azadmanesh Jahaun , Slobodnik Katelyn , Struble Lucas , Lutz William , Coates Leighton , Weiss Kevin , Myles Dean , Kroll Thomas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a crucial oxidoreductase that maintains the vitality of mitochondria by converting O2•− to O2 and H2O2 with proton-coupled electron transfers (PCETs). Since changes in mitochondrial H2O2 concentrations are capable of stimulating apoptotic signaling pathways, human MnSOD has evolutionarily gained the ability to be highly inhibited by its own product, H2O2. A separate set of PCETs is thought to regulate product inhibition, though mechanisms of PCETs are typically unknown due to difficulties in detecting the protonation states of specific residues that coincide with the electronic state of the redox center. To shed light on the underlying mechanism, we combined neutron diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the product-bound, trivalent, and divalent states to reveal the all-atom structures and electronic configuration of the metal. The data identifies the product-inhibited complex for the first time and a PCET mechanism of inhibition is constructed.
Xanthoma Combining Osteonecrosis in Knee Joint: A Case Report
Authors: Su Hai , Gong Yichen , Chen Lei , Zhou Haojing , Huang Hua , Yu Shengxu , Wang Chundan , Tong Peijian , Xu Taotao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Xanthoma typically occurs in the subcutaneous tissues, with rare cases of osseous xanthoma. However, the occurrence of knee joint osteonecrosis combined with xanthoma is even more uncommon. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case. In this article, we describe a 50-year-old female patient who developed xanthoma on the basis of osteonecrosis of the knee joint. The primary clinical symptoms were knee joint pain and limited mobility. Despite conventional treatments for osteonecrosis, there was no significant improvement. Subsequently, she underwent arthroscopic excision of the knee joint xanthoma. Following the procedure, her VAS score decreased from 7 to 2, and knee joint mobility increased from 10-103° to 10-140°. Through our follow-up, the patient did not exhibit symptom recurrence. This case is valuable and provides a feasible therapeutic approach for future clinical applications.
Probenecid, a Pannexin1 inhibitor, restores deranged NMDA receptor and nNOS profiles in cerebellum of minimal hepatic encephalopathy rats
Authors: Acharjee Papia , Acharjee Arup , Prasad Shambhu Kumar , Singh Vishal Vikram , Mallick Debasmit , Trigun Surendra K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Modulating Pannexin1 (Panx1), an ATP exit channel, in brain cells as a therapeutic option for neurological disorders, is an evolving concept. Our previous report on concordant increase in Panx1 vs neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in cerebellum of the minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) rats led us to explore whether Panx1 could be modulated to ameliorate the neurochemical aberrations related to MHE pathogenesis. This article describes the effect of Panx1 inhibition by probenecid (PB) on the relative profile of NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-nNOS axis and the level of degenerating cerebellar Purkinje cells vs recovery in the motor function deficit in a neurobehaviorily characterized MHE rats developed by administering 50 mg/kg bw thioacetamide intraperitoneally for 14 days. As compared to the control group rats, cerebellum of the MHE rats showed concordant increases in the level and activities of Panx1 and nNOS with a concomitant decline in the ratio of NMDAR subunit 2A/2B coinciding with atrophy of the purkinje cells. Moreover, all these parameters were observed to be recovered back to their control levels due to the treatment with a Panx1 inhibitor, Probenecid (PB), to the MHE rats. Such a recovery in the neurochemical parameters were found to be consistent with the restoration of Purkinje cell population and the MHE associated impaired rota-rod performance tests. The findings underscore PB-mediated Panx1 inhibition as a promising therapeutic avenue for ameliorating the MHE pathogenesis related neurochemical aberration and motor coordination deficits.
3D structure of microbunched plasma-wakefield-accelerated electron beams
Authors: Downer Michael , LaBerge Maxwell , Bowers Brant , Chang Yen-Yu , Cabadag Jurjen Couperus , Debus Alexander , Hannasch Andrea , Pausch Richard , Schobel Susanne , Tiebel Jessica , Ufer Patrick , Willmann Anna , Zarini Omid , Zgadzaj Rafal , Lumpkin Alex , Schramm Ulrich , Irman Arie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Plasma wakefield accelerators use tabletop equipment to produce relativistic femtosecond electron bunches. Optical and x-ray diagnostics have established that their charge concentrates within a micrometer-sized volume, but its sub-micrometer internal distribution, which critically influences gain in free-electron lasers or particle yield in colliders, has proven elusive to characterize. Here, by simultaneously imaging different
wavelengths of coherent optical transition radiation (COTR) that
a laser-wakefield-accelerated e-bunch generated when exiting a metal foil, we elucidated the structure of the coherently-radiating component of bunch charge. Key features of the images correlated uniquely with how plasma electrons injected into the wake: by a plasma-density discontinuity, by ionising high-Z gas-target dopants, or by uncontrolled laser-plasma dynamics. With additional input from electron spectra, spatially-averaged COTR spectra, and particle-in-cell simulations, we reconstructed coherent 3D charge structures. The results demonstrate
essential metrology for next-generation X-ray free-electron lasers.
The chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Rubia alata Wall and Rubia ovatifolia Z. Ying Zhang.(Rubiaceae)
Authors: Shi JiaZhou , Chen XiaoYing , Jing YiYao , Yan Yonggang , Zhang Gang , Yang BingYue , Peng Liang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Rubiaceae, a genus encompassing approximately 70 species distributed globally, includes Rubia alata Wall and Rubia ovatifolia Z. Ying Zhang, distinctive medicinal plants native to China. The acquisition of chloroplast genome sequences of R. alata and R. ovatifolia holds paramount significance for elucidating species divergence, constructing phylogenetic relationships, and comprehending RNA editing processes
Result In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of R. alata and R. ovatifolia were obtained based on the sequences generated by Illumina HiSeq. The chloroplast genome of R. alata is 154,973 base pairs (bp) in length, containing a large single-copy region (LSC) of 84,801 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) 17,138 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of the same length. The length is 26,517 bp, and the length of the LSC, SSC, and IR regions of R. ovatifolia is 84,716, 17,116 and 26,517 bp, respectively. The chloroplast genomes in both varieties cover 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer-RNA genes (tRNA), 8 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA). There were differences in the size of the chloroplast genome, while the genome structure was conservative and the composition was similar. Although there was a small degree of variation, it still had high homology. The assembled chloroplast genome in this study provided useful molecular information about the evolution of R. alata and R. ovatifolia which was a basis for phylogenetic analyses of Rubiaceae.
Conclusions The findings of this study have improved our understanding of the internal structure of the chloroplast genome of Rubia plants and are of great value for the future development and utilization of R. alata and R. ovatifoliaresources.
Event-Driven Figure-Ground Organisation model for the humanoid robot iCub
Authors: D'Angelo Giulia , Voto Simone , Iacono Massimiliano , Glover Arren , Niebur Ernst , Bartolozzi Chiara 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Figure-ground organisation is a mechanism of perceptual grouping that serves the detection of objects and their boundaries, needed by any agent to interact with the environment.
Current approaches to figure-ground segmentation rely on classical computer vision or deep learning, requiring vast computational resources, in particular during the training phase of the latter.
Inspired by the primate visual system, we developed a bio-inspired perception system to compute figure-ground organisation for the neuromorphic robot iCub.
The proposed model distinguishes foreground objects from the background, thanks to a hierarchical biologically plausible architecture, exploiting event-driven vision.
Differing from classical approaches, the use of event-driven cameras reduces data redundancy and computation.
The system has been qualitatively and quantitatively assessed both in simulation and using the event-driven cameras mounted on the iCub looking at different scenarios and stimuli. The model successfully segments items in diverse real-world scenarios, showing comparable results against its frame-based version on simple stimuli and on the Berkeley Segmentation dataset benchmark (D. Martin, 2001). This model further offers a valuable addition to hybrid systems, complementing conventional computer vision deep learning models by processing only relevant data in detected Regions of Interest (ROI), thereby enabling low-latency autonomous robotic applications without redundant information.