bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of preparation based on the bacteria <i>Lactobacillus buchneri</i> on the productivity of clover and timothy mixture
Authors: Platonov A. V. , Rassokhina I. I. , Laptev G. Yu. , Khoshtariya E. E. 
Published: September 2023

Relevance and methodology. Legume-grass mixtures are a source of complete feed for dairy cattle due to good digestibility and balance of protein, carbohydrates, amino acids and vitamins. We studied the effect of a microbiological fertilizer («Naturost-Aktiv») based on live microorganisms Lactobacillus buchneri on the productivity and nutritive value of clover and timothy grass mixture. The study was carried out by small-scale field experience in the FSBI «VolSC RAS» (Vologda region) in 2019–2022, as well as in 2021–2022 in the production conditions in the fields of LLC «Zazerkalie» (Vologda region).Results. In the small-plot experiment we showed that under the influence of the microbiological fertilizer treatment, the productivity of clover and timothy grass mixture increased by 7–39% depending on the year of vegetation; the total dry biomass collection for 4 years of the study in the experimental version exceeded the control by 16%. Evaluation of the nutritive value of the grass mixture showed that the fertilizer increased the content of fodder units in dry matter up to 10%, also the content of metabolizable energy, crude and digestible protein, sugars increased slightly and the content of fiber decreased. In the conditions of the production experiment under the influence of the microbiological fertilizer the herbafe collection increased by 10–17%, dry mass — by 9–22%. The nutritive value of the total content of fodder units in 1 kg of biomass in the experiment exceeded the control by 6%. The gross yield of fodder units from 1 hectare of the field increased by 9.6 cwt/ha under the effect of «Naturost-Aktiv».
The storability of potato varieties from different maturity groups under the conditions of the south of the Far East
Authors: Kim I. V. , Klykov A. G. 
Published: September 2023

Relevance. Preserving turgor pressure and preventing the sprouting of fresh tubers at 4–5 ºС for 7–8 month are the most important parameters characterizing the quality of potato varieties during long-term storage. The ability of potato tubers to remain in a dormant state for a prolonged period after the harvest is the basis of their storability. FSBSI «FSC of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A.K. Chaika» not only conducts a complex evaluation of potato varieties but also studies their storability. The research goal was to study the genepool of the potato germplasm collection for the ability of tubers to be stored under natural conditions with a long period of dormancy and to identify the most valuable varieties for further breeding.Methods. The studies were conducted in 2001–2022. The object of research are varietal of the bioresource potato collection of the A.K. Chaika Federal Research Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Far East, consisting of 825 genotypes.Results. It was found that the largest number of samples with good keeping quality belong to the mid-ripening, mid-late and late maturation groups. By the end of storage, absolute rot in the studied samples was noted in the range of 0.1–0.2%. The natural decline was 2.8–8.8%. With the maximum yield of full-fledged potatoes, the varieties Alice (93.1%), Evgenia (93.0%), Ilyinsky (94.6%), Kazachok (93.3%), Krasnaya Gorka (94.6%), Lazar (93.5%), Legend (93.4%), Rhapsody (94.5%), Trickle (93.1%), Scarb (94.2%), Sparta (94.6%), Spiridon (94.0%), Anosta (93.3%), Brage (93.5%), Costella (95.3%), Hermes (94.6%), Frila (94.4%), Ibis (93.2%), which are recommended for breeding as sources of good lying capacity.
Evaluating the collection of maize inbred lines originating from Primorsky Krai
Authors: Bogdan P. M. , Kraskovskaya N. A. , Danilenko I. N. 
Published: September 2023

Background. The modern breeding of maize hybrids for high heterosis pays considerable attention to the creation of new starting material, i. e. inbred lines. Their genetic potential depends primarily on the quality of forms used in self-pollination, on the selection and evaluation of progeny aimed at achieving the homozygosity of economically important traits.Methods. The study on maize inbred lines was carried out by the Laboratory of the Breeding and Breeder Seed Production of Maize in an experimental field plot at FSBSI «FSC of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A.K. Chaika». A standard method was employed, which included the self-pollination and selection of lines for a complex of economically important traits over several years to achieve homozygosity.Results. The research resulted in the selection of genotypes that combined high yield with a low moisture content in grain at harvest maturity PK 160, PK 139, PK 65, and PK 155. We identified sources of such economically important traits as the height of plants and cobs (PK 26, PK 36, PK 39, PK 42, PK 55, PK 78, and PK 181), cob length (PK 55, PK 57, PK 58, PK 65, PK 69, PK 153, PK 155, PK 160, PK 164, and PK 175), cob weight (PK 160, PK 65, PK 155, PK 139, and PK 52), the number of grains per cob (PK 42, PK 52, and PK 65), grain weight per cob (PK 65, PK 155, and PK 160), the 1000 kernel weight (PK 160, PK 175, PK 181, PK 139, and PK 65), and a high general combining ability (PK 58, PK 124, PK 176, PK 1/3, and PK 3). The selected accessions will be involved in a breeding program to create highly heterotic maize hybrids.
Study of the influence of dairy raw materials by seasons of the year on technological parameters in the production of soft cheese
Authors: Gorelik A. S. , Rebezov M. B. , Gorelik O. V. 
Published: September 2023

Relevance. Milk and milk products are key food products in Russia. The main raw material for the production of cheese as an important component of the diet of citizens is milk, the main source of which is cattle. The Holshire breed is common in the Urals. Studying its features and improving the quality of milk (and therefore dairy products) is an urgent task for the agro-industrial complex of Russia.Methods. The purpose of the work is to study the influence of dairy raw materials by seasons on technological parameters in the production of soft cheese.Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the best quality was a clot from cows' milk for the 3rd and 4th lactation. To obtain it, less calcium chloride and whey were spent than in the manufacture of cheeses from cows' milk according to the 1st and 2nd lactation. It should also be noted that the duration of operations for the formation of a clot and work with it, as well as for self-pressing, was shorter in cows' milk for the 3rd and 4th lactation. In the manufacture of «Adygeisky» cheese on the other side of the enterprise, due to the introduction of rennet, the clot improved and the duration of self-pressing decreased, which had a positive effect on the quality of the product. The peculiarities in the manufacture of fresh «Amateur» and «Table» cheeses have been established, namely, certain differences in some technological operations, their duration and quality indicators of the clot and the separated whey. Thus, milk differed in the consumption of calcium chloride, lactic acid starter culture and rennet. The lowest consumption of these components turned out to be in the manufacture of cheese from milk of age-and-age cows. The milk of cows of the Holstein breed of the Ural selection is suitable for processing into soft cheeses regardless of the season of the year. However, the best indicators of technological properties are found in the milk of age-and-age cows for the 3rd and 4th lactation.
Revealing a causal relationship between gut microbiota and lung cancer: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Yingchen , Wang Ke , Zhang Yuchong , Yang Jitao , Wu Ying , Zhao Mingfang 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe gut microbiota has been found to be associated with the risk of lung cancer. However, its causal relationship with various types of lung cancer remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study using the largest genome-wide association analysis of gut microbiota data to date from the MiBioGen consortium, with pooled statistics for various types of lung cancer from the Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung, the International Lung Cancer Consortium, and FinnGen Consortium R7 release data. Inverse variance weighted, weighted model, MR-Egger regression, and weighted median were adapted to assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and various types of lung cancer. Sensitivity analysis was used to test for the presence of pleiotropy and heterogeneity in instrumental variables. A reverse MR analysis was performed on these bacteria to determine their potential role in causing lung cancer. A reverse MR analysis was performed on these bacteria to determine their potential role in causing lung cancer. Multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) was conducted to assess the direct causal impact of gut microbiota on the risk of various types of lung cancer.ResultsUsing IVW as the primary analytical method, we identified a total of 40 groups of gut microbiota with potential causal associations with various subtypes of lung cancer, of which 10 were associated with lung cancer, 10 with lung adenocarcinoma, 9 with squamous cell lung cancer, and 11 groups of bacteria associated with small cell lung cancer. After performing FDR correction, we further found that there was still a significant causal relationship between Peptococcaceae and lung adenocarcinoma. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of these results, with no heterogeneity or pleiotropy found.ConclusionsOur results confirm a causal relationship between specific gut microbiota and lung cancer, providing new insights into the role of gut microbiota in mediating the development of lung cancer.
Evidence of poro-elastic inflation at the onset of the 2021 Vulcano Island (Italy) unrest
Authors: Stissi Santina Chiara , Currenti Gilda , Cannavò Flavio , Napoli Rosalba 
Published: September 2023

Thermal and pore-pressure variations induced by the circulation of hydrothermal-magmatic fluids in porous and permeable media contribute to ground deformation in volcanic areas. Here, we use solutions for the calculation of the displacements induced by pore-pressure and temperature changes for simplified geometry sources embedded in an elastic half-space with homogeneous mechanical and porous properties. The analytical solution for a spherical source is reviewed, and a semi-analytical approach for the calculation of the displacement for a cylindrical source is presented. Both models were used for the inversion of the daily deformation data recorded on Vulcano Island (Italy) during the 2021 unrest. Starting from September 2021, Vulcano Island experienced an increase in gas emission, seismic activity, and edifice inflation. The deformation pattern evolution from September until mid-October 2021 is indicative of a spatially stationary source. The modeling of the persistent and continuous edifice inflation suggests a deformation source located below the La Fossa crater at a depth of approximately 800 m from the ground surface undergoing a volume change of approximately 105 m3, linked to the rise in fluids from a deeper magmatic source. Corroborated by other sources of geophysical and geochemical evidence, the modeling results support that thermo-poro-elastic processes are sufficient to explain the observed displacement without necessarily invoking the migration of magma to shallow levels. Our findings demonstrate that thermo-poro-elastic solutions may help interpret ground deformation and gain insights into the evolution of the hydrothermal systems, providing useful implications for hazard assessment during volcanic crises.
Case report: Noonan syndrome with protein-losing enteropathy
Authors: Ou Yang , Yuan Jun-Chao , Zheng Yao , Zhang Jin-Man , He Tian , Liang Zhi , Zhou Yi-Kun 
Published: September 2023

Background: Noonan syndrome (NS) is characterized by typical facial features, short stature, congenital heart defects and other comorbidities. Lymphedema and chylous pleural effusions are also common in NS, but protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is rarely reported.Case presentation: We present the case of a 19-year-old Chinese woman presenting with PLE. Small intestine biopsy showed obvious expansion of lymphatic vessels. The gene mutation results of the patient indicated a c.184T&gt;G missense mutation (p.Tyr62Asp) in the PTPN11 gene (NM_002834.3).Conclusion: NS accompanied by PLE is not common, but hypoproteinemia attributable to PLE may be more common in patients with NS than previously thought. It remains uncertain whether mutation of the PTPN11 gene is related to PLE, indicating that further research is needed.
Pediatric population (aged 3-11 years) received primary inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination prior to infection exhibiting robust humoral immune response following infected with Omicron variant: a study conducted in Beijing
Authors: Li Jing , Li Jingjing , Dai Shuzhi , Dang Li , Wang Lin , Cao Ling , Chen Xiaobo , Wang Ying , Ge Menglei , Liu Weijie , Song Qinwei , Xu Wenjian , Ma Lijuan 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveAnalysis of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody levels following SARS-CoV-2 infection in children aged 3-11 years, comparing those who had received the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to those who were unvaccinated prior to infection, provides evidence for public health centers in formulating vaccination strategies and control policies.MethodsA study was conducted on children who visited the Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 10, 2023 to March 31, 2023 (Beijing, China). Participants or their guardians completed a survey questionnaire providing information about their SARS-CoV-2 infection history and vaccination status. Serum samples were collected for testing of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibodies (Nabs), which were performed using chemiluminescence immunoassay.ResultsThe study included 1,504 children aged 3-11 years with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection history. Among the 333 unvaccinated children, the serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody level was median 2.30 (IQR, 1.27-3.99). However, children received one dose (78 cases) and two doses (1093 cases) of the inactivated vaccine prior to infection showed significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels, with values of median 10.11 (IQR, 8.66-10.93) and median 10.58 (IQR, 9.79-11.07), respectively. As to the unvaccinated children, 70.3% (234/333) were negative for SARS-CoV-2 Nabs, which were less than 6.00AU/ml. The remaining 29.7% (99/333) showed relatively low levels of Nabs, ranging from 6.00 to 50.00AU/ml. In contrast, for children who had received two doses of vaccine prior to infection, an overwhelming 99.3% (1086/1093) exhibited high levels of Nas in the range of 100.00-120.00 AU/ml. Remarkably, these elevated Nab levels persisted for at least a period of 3 months post-infection in children who had received two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine prior to infection, regardless of age or sex and vaccine manufacturer.ConclusionThe administration of two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine prior to infection has been shown to significantly enhance humoral immunity following SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric populations, producing adequate Nabs that persist at elevated levels for up to 3 months post-infection. For unvaccinated children who displayed weak humoral immunity following a primary natural infection, timely vaccination is recommended to bolster their immunization protection. The findings underscore the importance of vaccination in strengthening immune responses and protecting pediatric populations against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Patients with low ALT levels are at increased risk for severe COVID-19
Authors: Genzel Dor , Katz Lior H. , Safadi Rifaat , Rozenberg Aliza , Milgrom Yael , Jacobs Jeremy M. , Shafrir Asher 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionFrailty is a known risk factor for many diseases, including COVID-19. However, many frail patients are undiagnosed as the diagnosis can be cumbersome. Alanine transaminase (ALT) is found not only in the liver but also in the muscle tissue, and multiple studies show that frail sarcopenic patients have lower ALT. Frail patients are at increased risk for severe COVID-19. We evaluated the association between pre-infection low ALT and the risk for severe COVID-19.MethodsWe collected data regarding all subjects tested for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 March 2020 and 31 December 2021 from a national state-mandatory HMO in Israel, serving more than 1.3 million patients. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, including ALT from the year prior to infection. Severe COVID-19 was defined either as death, ICU admission, or ≥10 hospitalization days. Patients with low ALT (ALT ≤ 10 IU/l) were compared with patients with normal ALT (11–40 IU/l). Patients younger than 18 years with a diagnosis of liver disease and with ALT &gt; 40 IU/l were excluded.ResultsDuring the study period, 58,961 patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The patients in the low ALT group were younger (40.53 vs. 42.73, p &lt; 0.001), less likely to be males (12.3 vs. 38.7%, p &lt; 0.001), and had lower BMI (25.97 vs. 27.15, p &lt; 0.001). The patients in the low ALT group had higher mortality (2.36 vs. 0.57%, p &lt; 0.001), more ICU hospitalizations (0.49 vs. 0.41%, p = 0.47), and more prolonged hospitalizations [2.63% (95% CI 2–3.2%) vs. 0.98% (95% CI 0.86–1.1%) p &lt; 0.001]. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, low ALT was associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19, with increased mortality (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.37–2.56) and prolonged hospitalization (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.33–2.35).ConclusionLow ALT level prior to infection is a significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection. Further studies are warranted to address treatment options for this population.
Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the Japan Frailty Scale
Authors: Wan Dongping , Wang Rui , Wei Jie , Zan Qiang , Shang Lei , Ma Jianbing , Yao Shuxin , Xu Chao 
Published: September 2023

PurposeFrailty is a difficult-to-measure condition that is susceptible to adverse outcomes. The Japan Frailty Scale (JFS) is a tool for assessing frailty status in older adults. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the JFS into a Chinese version (JFS-C).Materials and methodsThe study included 160 older adults as participants. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and test–retest reliability was conducted using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Convergent validity was evaluated by assessing the correlation between JFS-C and the Barthel Index, the Frail scale, and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Criterion validity was assessed by comparing JFS-C scores with the Frail scale.ResultsJFS-C demonstrated adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alphas = 0.711) and excellent test–retest reliability over a 7 to 10-day interval (ICC = 0.949). Correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between JFS-C and the Frail scale (r = 0.786, p &lt; 0.001), a moderate negative correlation with the Barthel Index (r = −0.598, p &lt; 0.001), and moderate correlations with various subscales of SF-36 (r = −0.574 to −0.661). However, no significant correlations were found between JFS-C and SF-36 mental health (r = −0.363, p &lt; 0.001) or role emotional (r = −0.350, p &lt; 0.001). Based on the reference standard of the Frail scale phenotype (score ≥ 2), the cutoff value for JFS-C was determined to be 3.ConclusionJFS-C demonstrates good reliability and validity in assessing frailty among the older population in China.
Population and genome-wide association studies of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates collected from diverse host plants throughout the United States
Authors: Poudel Roshan Sharma , Belay Kassaye , Nelson Berlin , Brueggeman Robert , Underwood William 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionSclerotinia sclerotiorum is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen causing disease and economic loss on numerous crop plants. This fungus has a broad host range and can infect over 400 plant species, including important oilseed crops such as soybean, canola, and sunflower. S. sclerotiorum isolates vary in aggressiveness of lesion formation on plant tissues. However, the genetic basis for this variation remains to be determined. The aims of this study were to evaluate a diverse collection of S. sclerotiorum isolates collected from numerous hosts and U.S. states for aggressiveness of stem lesion formation on sunflower, to evaluate the population characteristics, and to identify loci associated with isolate aggressiveness using genome-wide association mapping.MethodsA total of 219 S. sclerotiorum isolates were evaluated for stem lesion formation on two sunflower inbred lines and genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing. DNA markers were used to assess population differentiation across hosts, regions, and climatic conditions and to perform a genome-wide association study of isolate aggressiveness.Results and discussionWe observed a broad range of aggressiveness for lesion formation on sunflower stems, and only a moderate correlation between aggressiveness on the two lines. Population genetic evaluations revealed differentiation between populations from warmer climate regions compared to cooler regions. Finally, a genome-wide association study of isolate aggressiveness identified three loci significantly associated with aggressiveness on sunflower. Functional characterization of candidate genes at these loci will likely improve our understanding of the virulence strategies used by this pathogen to cause disease on a wide array of agriculturally important host plants.