bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the influence of climatic variables on mycobiome composition and community diversity in lichens: insights from structural equation modeling analysis
Authors: Yang Jiho , Woo Jung-Jae , Kim Wonyong , Oh Seung-Yoon , Hur Jae-Seoun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundLichens are symbiotic organisms composed of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner, which are key ecological bioindicators due to their sensitivity to environmental changes. The endolichenic fungi (ELF) living inside lichen thalli, are an important but understudied component of playing crucial ecological roles such as nutrient cycling and protection against environmental stressors. Therefore ELF community investigation is vital for fostering sustainable ecosystems and leveraging their ecological benefits. Deciphering the intricate relationships between ELF and their lichen hosts, alongside the influence of environmental factors on these communities, presents a significant challenge in pinpointing the underlying drivers of community structure and diversity.ResultsOur research demonstrated that locational factors were the main drivers of the ELF community structure, rather than host haplotype. Several climatic factors affected the diversity of the ELF community and contributed to the prevalence of different types of fungal residents within the ELF community. A decrease in isothermality was associated with a greater prevalence of pathotrophic and saprotrophic fungi within the ELF community, resulting in an overall increase in community diversity. By conducting a structural equation modeling analysis, we identified a robust link between climatic variables, fungal trophic mode abundance, and the species diversity of the ELF community.ConclusionThis study’s discoveries emphasize the significance of examining climate-related factors when investigating ELF’s structure and function. The connection between fungi and climate is intricate and complex, and can be influenced by various other factors. Investigating the potential for ELF to adapt to changing climatic conditions, as well as the potential effects of changes in ELF communities on lichen function, would be valuable research areas. We anticipate that our research results will establish a basis for numerous future ELF research projects and have a significant impact on the field.
Factors associated with the utilization of diagnostic tools among countries with different income levels during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zhou Shuduo , Feng Xiangning , Hu Yunxuan , Yang Jian , Chen Ying , Bastow Jon , Zheng Zhi-Jie , Xu Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Disparities in the utilization of essential medical products are a key factor contributing to inequality in health outcomes. We aimed to analyze the trends and influencing factors in using Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnostic tools and disparities in countries with different income levels.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using open and publicly available data sources. Data were mainly collected from the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, "Our World in Data," and the Global Burden of Disease databases. Negative binomial regression model and generalized linear mixed model were employed to investigate into five sets of factors associated with the usage of diagnostics: severity of COVID-19, socioeconomic status, health status, medical service capacity, and rigidity of response. Dominance analysis was utilized to compare the relative importance of these factors. The Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition was used to decompose the difference in the usage of diagnostics between countries.

Results
The total COVID-19 testing rate ranged from 5.13 to 22,386.63 per 1000 people from March 2020 to October 2022 and the monthly testing rate declined dramatically from January 2022 to October 2022 (52.37/1000 vs 5.91/1000).. The total testing rate was primarily associated with socioeconomic status (37.84%), with every 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in Gross Domestic Product per capita and the proportion of people aged ≥ 70, the total testing rate increased by 88% and 31%. And so is the medical service capacity (33.66%), with every 1 SD increase in health workforce density, the number increased by 38%. The monthly testing rate was primarily associated with socioeconomic status (34.72%) and medical service capacity (28.67%), and the severity of COVID-19 (21.09%). The average difference in the total testing rates between high-income and low-income countries was 2726.59 per 1000 people, and 2493.43 (91.45%) of the differences could be explained through the five sets of factors.

Conclusions
Redoubling the efforts, such as local manufacturing, regulatory reliance, and strengthening the community health workforce and laboratory capacity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) cannot be more significant for ensuring sustainable and equitable access to diagnostic tools during pandemic.
Antirheumatoid arthritis and cellular uptake study of cefuroxime axetil-loaded boswellic acids nanoparticles on RAW 264.7 cells
Authors: Rani Gitika , Rohilla Seema , Rohilla Ankur , Kumar Vanish , Kumar Ishab 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study revealed the grafting of extracted oleo gum resin of Boswellia serrata with polyacrylamide by conventional method with a principle of radical polymerization by using potassium per sulfate/ascorbic acid as redox initiator. A series of copolymer were synthesized using varying concentration of acrylamide at varying temperature. The optimum ratio for grafting was selected (1:2.5), on the basis of percent grafting and grafting efficiency. The grafted gum was further used as a nanocarrier to encapsulate cefuroxime axetil for their sustained release. Then, the nanoparticles were further analyzed by FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy, and DLS. The encapsulation efficiency (%), loading capacity (%) and drug content (%) was also calculated.

Result
The optimized nanoparticles have shown spherical morphology with dimension of 209.4 ± 20.46 nm along with entrapment efficiency (62.47 ± 4.23%), loading capacity (33.57 ± 3.01%) and drug content (89.35 ± 6.47%). The prepared nanoparticles had found to be more stable at 4 °C. The experiential results rationalize the effectiveness of cefuroxime axetil-loaded boswellic acid nanoparticles owing to higher cellular uptake, nonstop intercellular drug withholding and improved antiproliferative effect by initiating apoptosis.

Conclusion
The significant anti-arthritic effect of developed nanoparticles may be endorsed due to its dimension, encapsulation efficiency, and long-lasting drug release profile. Thus, the developed nanoparticles may assume to be a hopeful formulation for rheumatoid arthritis, which requires further investigation and may recommend a novel track to arthritis patients.
Optimization of African indigenous vegetables production in sub Saharan Africa: a review
Authors: Kodzwa Jefline J. , Madamombe Godwil , Masvaya Esther N. , Nyamangara Justice 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe numerous types of African Indigenous Vegetables (AIVs) in sub-Saharan Africa are not extensively cultivated, even after the realization of their superior nutritional, health benefits, and higher resistance to climate change. The recent increase in demand for AIVs brings about the need to match cultivation with consumption to prevent the extinction of these nutritious vegetables through overexploitation. This review aims to assess the most common AIVs and the associated agronomic practices in their production by smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe and SSA in general for potential commercialization. Amaranthus, Cleome gynandra, Bidens pilosa, Abelmoschus esculentus, Vigna unguiculata, Cucurbita spp. and Corchorus molitorius are some of the most consumed AIVs in sub-Saharan Africa. Plant density should balance between leaf quality and leaf and seed yield per unit area. Transplanting and sowing AIVs in lines as pure stand can optimize production when compared to broadcasting. Nutrient application whether organic or inorganic is crucial together with harvesting leaves in 1 to 2 weeks interval and removing flowers to increase budding for optimized AIVs production. There is vast information on the indigenous vegetables found and preferred in SSA but scarce information on their performance under different plant nutrition management regimes and different agroecological regions. Research is required to increase production and to improve the nutrient content of AIVs.
High Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus After Distal Pancreatectomy and Its Predictors: A Long-term Follow-up Study
Authors: Imamura Shuzo , Niwano Fumimaru , Babaya Naru , Hiromine Yoshihisa , Matsumoto Ippei , Kamei Keiko , Yoshida Yuta , Taketomo Yasunori , Yoshida Sawa , Takeyama Yoshifumi , Noso Shinsuke , Maeda Norikazu , Ikegami Hiroshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Context
Glucose tolerance worsens after distal pancreatectomy (DP); however, the long-term incidence and factors affecting interindividual variation in this worsening are unclear.

Objective
To investigate the changes in diabetes-related traits before and after DP and to clarify the incidence of diabetes and its predictors.

Methods
Among 493 registered patients, 117 underwent DP. Among these, 56 patients without diabetes before surgery were included in the study. Glucose and endocrine function were prospectively assessed using a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test preoperatively, 1 month after DP, and every 6 months thereafter for up to 36 months. Pancreatic volumetry was performed using multidetector row computed tomography before and after surgery.

Results
Insulin secretion decreased and blood glucose levels worsened after DP. Residual pancreatic volume was significantly associated with the reserve capacity of insulin secretion but not with blood glucose levels or the development of diabetes. Among 56 patients, 33 developed diabetes mellitus. The cumulative incidence of diabetes at 36 months after DP was 74.1%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that impaired glucose tolerance as a preoperative factor as well as a decreased insulinogenic index and impaired glucose tolerance at 1 month postoperatively were identified as risk factors for diabetes following DP.

Conclusion
Impaired glucose tolerance and reduced early-phase insulin response to glucose are involved in the development of new-onset diabetes after DP; the latter is an additional factor in the development of diabetes and becomes apparent when pancreatic beta cell mass is reduced after DP.
A Branch-and-Price Algorithm Enhanced by Decision Diagrams for the Kidney Exchange Problem
Authors: Riascos-Álvarez Lizeth C. , Bodur Merve , Aleman Dionne M. 
Published: October 2023

Problem definition: Kidney paired donation programs allow patients registered with an incompatible donor to receive a suitable kidney from another donor, as long as the latter’s co-registered patient, if any, also receives a kidney from a different donor. The kidney exchange problem (KEP) aims to find an optimal collection of kidney exchanges taking the form of cycles and chains. Methodology/results: We develop the first decomposition method that is able to consider long cycles and long chains for projected large realistic instances. Particularly, we propose a branch-and-price framework in which the pricing problems are solved (for the first time in packing problems in a digraph) through multivalued decision diagrams. We present a new upper bound on the optimal value of the KEP, obtained via our master problem. Computational experiments show superior performance of our method over the state of the art by optimally solving almost all instances in the PrefLib library for multiple cycle and chain lengths. Managerial implications: Our algorithm also allows the prioritization of the solution composition, for example, chains over cycles or vice versa, and we conclude, similar to previous findings, that chains benefit the overall matching efficiency and highly sensitized patients. Funding: This work was supported by NSERC Discovery Grant (RGPIN-2021-02609). Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0192 .
Pemanfaatan Greenhouse sebagai Wahana Edukasi di Desa Kebontunggul Kecamatan Gondang Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Nurhidayati Tutik , Shovitri Maya , Kuswytasari Nengah Dwianita , Zulaika Enny , Alami Nur Hidayatul , Luqman Arif , Ermavitalini Dini , Purwani Kristanti Indah , Muslihatin Wirdatul , Farid Imam Wahyudi , Priananda Ciptian Weried , Fatmawati Sri 
Published: October 2023

Salah satu desa yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai desa wisata adalah desa Kebontunggul Kecamatan Gondang Kabupaten Mojokerto. Desa tersebut memiliki banyak potensi desa wisata yang strategis. Disisi lain ada keinginan untuk melakukan kegiatan pertanian berbasis teknologi dalam skala greenhouse untuk mendukung usaha wisata di Desa Kebontunggul. Adanya potensi dan keingginan untuk maju tersebut maka langkah pertama yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian masyarakat adalah pembuatan greenhouse sebagai sarana untuk pengembangan teknologi IoT. Selain itu adanya greenhouse di desa menjadi salah satu pengembangan desa dengan ikon terbaru berupa wisata edukasi. Hasil survei kebermanfaatan greenhouse menunjukkan bahwa greenhouse bermanfaat bagi masyarakat Kebontunggul untuk wahana wisata yang menarik banyak wisatawan.
Understanding food web structure in high-elevation streams of the Teton Range
Authors: Tronstad Lusha M. , Hotaling Scott , Jorgenson Karen , Price Taylor , Weld Shannon , Collins Sarah , Hamilton Trinity , Bixby Rebecca J. , Finn Debra S. 
Published: October 2023

Climate change is dramatically altering high-elevation streams around the world through the recession of glaciers and other meltwater sources. Rapidly changing hydrological regimes imperil entire communities of mountain stream biodiversity. We have monitored high-elevation streams in the Teton Range since 2015, with a specific focus on understanding how hydrological source variation affects the susceptibility of downstream communities, and the stoneflies Zapada glacier and Lednia tetonica, to climate-induced impacts. We monitor streams fed by three sources – glaciers, snowfields, and subterranean ice (primarily rock glaciers). Streams fed by subterranean ice – “icy seeps” – are predicted to persist on the landscape longer than their surface counterparts due to the inherent thermal buffering of their source ice provided by debris cover. We hypothesize that icy seep communities will be buffered against climate-induced environmental changes and will act as key refugia for cold-adapted communities. In late 2019, the conservation implications of our work were escalated by the listing of one of the key species we study, the stonefly Zapada glacier, under the US Endangered Species Act due to climate-induced habitat loss. In 2020, our first objective was to collect a 6th year of continuous data for core sites and continue investigating longer term signals in the data. For our second objective, we addressed another large gap in contemporary knowledge of high-elevation stream ecology: food web structure. Despite imminent threats to biodiversity in headwater streams, little is known of the basic quantity and quality of basal resources in mountain streams, how these resources vary with stream type, and linkages between feeding groups. Additionally, little is known about the diet or trophic position of Zapada glacier. We will use an array of modern approaches, including stable isotopes and nutrient content analyses, to generate a high-resolution view of food web structure in the high Teton Range. Our results will inform management in the Teton Range while also shedding new light on a standing challenge in mountain stream ecology worldwide.

Featured photo by Bonnie Robinson, taken from the UW-NPS photo collection.
Knowledge and coping style about depression in medical students: A cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Lian Yajun , Yan Yumeng , Ping Weiwei , Dou Zhiyong , Wang Xiaoyan , Yang Hui 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
The current study aimed at ascertaining the depression levels of medical students and their knowledge levels of depression, and exploring the relationship between the level of knowledge and coping styles of the medical students on depression.

Methods
An online-based survey was developed in Changzhi Medical College. The questionnaire included demographic and socioeconomic data, questions about depression knowledge and copying styles of depression, and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 1931 questionnaires were returned by respondents.

Results
The medical students produced a mean SDS score of 44.29 (SD = 11.67). The prevalence of depression was 29.7%. Sophomore, female, and poor family relationships were parameters associated with a higher SDS score. The total correct rate for knowledge of depression was 64.14%. There were statistical differences between with depression students and non-depression students on the rate of the correct answers in the following questions:"Female has more probability", "Depression can be adjusted by oneself", "Associated with one’s character", "Know cure method of depression", "Know drug use of depression", "Know depression influence for health", and "Know prevention method of depression". Depression students were more likely to have a lower rate of correct answer for above questions. Asking for help from psychological consultation was the primary coping mechanism among the medical students. The logistic regression analysis results found that depressed students who chose the coping way of no ways of coping were more likely to be females OR = 1.470 (1.078, 2.005), residents in rural area OR = 1.496 (1.038, 2.156), in poor family relationships OR = 2.428 (1.790, 3.293), and have lower cognitive level of depression knowledge OR = 1.920 (1.426, 3.226).

Conclusions
It is necessary to focus on mental health of medical students, especially in female, residents in rural area, in poor family relationships, and having lower cognitive level of depression knowledge. Medical students were insufficient on depression knowledge and coping styles, and efforts that train students know risk of impaired mental health could also improve diagnosis and treatment.
The Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI): A prospective cohort study protocol
Authors: Besser Lilah M. , Chrisphonte Stephanie , Kleiman Michael J. , O’Shea Deirdre , Rosenfeld Amie , Tolea Magdalena , Galvin James E. 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe Health Brain Initiative (HBI), established by University of Miami’s Comprehensive Center for Brain Health (CCBH), follows racially/ethnically diverse older adults without dementia living in South Florida. With dementia prevention and brain health promotion as an overarching goal, HBI will advance scientific knowledge by developing novel assessments and non-invasive biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), examining additive effects of sociodemographic, lifestyle, neurological and biobehavioral measures, and employing innovative, methodologically advanced modeling methods to characterize ADRD risk and resilience factors and transition of brain aging.MethodsHBI is a longitudinal, observational cohort study that will follow 500 deeply-phenotyped participants annually to collect, analyze, and store clinical, cognitive, behavioral, functional, genetic, and neuroimaging data and biospecimens. Participants are ≥50 years old; have no, subjective, or mild cognitive impairment; have a study partner; and are eligible to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recruitment is community-based including advertisements, word-of-mouth, community events, and physician referrals. At baseline, following informed consent, participants complete detailed web-based surveys (e.g., demographics, health history, risk and resilience factors), followed by two half-day visits which include neurological exams, cognitive and functional assessments, an overnight sleep study, and biospecimen collection. Structural and functional MRI is completed by all participants and a subset also consent to amyloid PET imaging. Annual follow-up visits repeat the same data and biospecimen collection as baseline, except that MRIs are conducted every other year after baseline.Ethics and expected impactHBI has been approved by the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Institutional Review Board. Participants provide informed consent at baseline and are re-consented as needed with protocol changes. Data collected by HBI will lead to breakthroughs in developing new diagnostics and therapeutics, creating comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, and providing the evidence base for precision medicine approaches to dementia prevention with individualized treatment plans.
High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
Authors: Hmani Imen , Ghaderiardakani Fatemeh , Ktari Leila , El Bour Monia , Wichard Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Axenic cultures of the green seaweed Ulva mutabilis were inoculated with bacteria providing essential algal growth and morphogenesis-promoting factors (AGMPFs) and were exposed to temperature shifts from 18 °C to 30 °C. The temperature-dependent effect of bacteria on longitudinal algal growth and the molecular composition of the chemosphere in the algal culture medium was explored. The reductionist tripartite model system of U. mutabilis, Roseovarius sp. MS2, and Maribacter sp. MS6 was applied as a reference and has been changed by substituting Roseovarius with isolates that phenocopy this strain. Rathayibacter festucae IH2 and Roseovarius aestuarii G8 boosted growth at 18 °C but slowed it down at 30 °C. Additional inoculation of Roseovarius sp. MS2 mitigated these adverse bacterial effects partially. At 30 °C, the molecular profile of the chemosphere differed dramatically between all tested tripartite communities, indicating different traits of the same bacterium with changing temperatures. Functional examinations should, therefore, accompany microbiome analysis to detect changing traits with the same microbiome composition.
A non-Archimedean approach to K-stability, II: Divisorial stability and openness
Authors: Boucksom Sébastien , Jonsson Mattias 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To any projective pair

(
X
,
B
)

{(X,B)}

equipped with an ample

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

-line bundle L (or even any ample numerical class),
we attach a new invariant

β
⁢

(
μ
)

∈
ℝ

{\beta(\mu)\in\mathbb{R}}

, defined on convex combinations μ of divisorial valuations on X, viewed as point masses on the Berkovich analytification of X. The construction is based on non-Archimedean pluripotential theory, and extends the Dervan–Legendre invariant for a single valuation – itself specializing to Li and Fujita’s valuative invariant in the Fano case, which detects K-stability. Using our β-invariant, we define divisorial (semi)stability, and show that divisorial semistability implies

(
X
,
B
)

{(X,B)}

is sublc (i.e. its log discrepancy function is non-negative), and that divisorial stability is an open condition with respect to the polarization L. We also show that divisorial stability implies uniform K-stability in the usual sense of (ample) test configurations, and that it is equivalent to uniform K-stability with respect to all norms/filtrations on the section ring of

(
X
,
L
)

{(X,L)}

, as considered by Chi Li.