bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiplicative multifractal modelling of long‐range‐dependent network traffic
Authors: Gao Jianbo , Rubin Izhak 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe present a multiplicative multifractal process to model traffic which exhibits long‐range dependence. Using traffic trace data captured by Bellcore from operations across local and wide area networks, we examine the interarrival time series and the packet length sequences. We also model the frame size sequences of VBR video traffic process. We prove a number of properties of multiplicative multifractal processes that are most relevant to their use as traffic models. In particular, we show these processes to characterize effectively the long‐range dependence properties of the measured processes. Furthermore, we consider a single server queueing system which is loaded, on one hand, by the measured processes, and, on the other hand, by our multifractal processes (the latter forming a MFe/MFg/1 queueing system model). In comparing the performance of both systems, we demonstrate our models to effectively track the behaviour exhibited by the system driven by the actual traffic processes. We show the multiplicative multifractal process to be easy to construct. Through parametric dependence on one or two parameters, this model can be calibrated to fit the measured data. We also show that in simulating the packet loss probability, our multifractal traffic model provides a better fit than that obtained by using a fractional Brownian motion model. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intramuscular low‐grade myxoid neoplasm with recurrent potential (cellular myxoma) of the lower extremity: Case report with cytohistologic correlation and review of the literature
Authors: Catroppo James F. , Olesnicky Ludmilla , Ringer Patrick , Goldenkranz Robert , Casas Victor , Wright Theodore 
Published: August 2002

Abstract“Low‐grade myxoid neoplasm with recurrent potential” (cellular myxoma) is a term recently used to describe a subset of soft tissue lesions with histology intermediate between intramuscular myxoma and low‐grade myxofibrosarcoma or myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), while resembling a deeper counterpart of superficial angiomyxoma. Their distinctive biological behavior is characterized by the potential to recur locally, in contrast to intramuscular myxoma, while having no potential to advance in grade or metastasize when compared to low‐grade myxofibrosarcoma. We present a cytohistological correlation for an intramuscular location of such a tumor in the lower extremity of a 49‐yr‐old male. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:301–305. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nested PCR for diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis and PCR‐SSCP for identification of rifampicin resistance in fine‐needle aspirates
Authors: Gong Gyungyub , Lee Hungkyung , Hoon Kang Gyeong , Shim Yhoung‐hee , Huh Jooryung , Kwang Khang Shin 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistance is important for the control of tuberculosis, which remains a major public health problem. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) has provided an alternative tool for bacterial examination. This study was performed to investigate the usefulness of one‐step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR‐SSCP as a routine test for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin‐resistant strain in FNA. Ziehl‐Neelsen stain (Z‐N) and PCR were processed using the aspirates of tuberculous lymphadenitis for the detection of M. tuberculosis. PCR‐SSCP was done for the identification of rpoB mutation. M. tuberculosis was detected in 49/63 (77.8%) by PCR and 25/63 (39.7%) by Z‐N. There were 26 cases with PCR(+)/Z‐N(‐) and two cases with PCR(‐)/Z‐N(+). Twelve cases showed negativity against both. In 7/22 (31.8%), rpoB mutation was observed. In conclusion, PCR is more sensitive in the detection of M. tuberculosis in FNA than Z‐N. PCR‐SSCP could also be used in FNA in the prediction of multidrug resistance. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:228–231. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential expression of the seven‐pass transmembrane cadherin genes Celsr1‐3 and distribution of the Celsr2 protein during mouse development
Authors: Shima Yasuyuki , Copeland Neal G. , Gilbert Debra J. , Jenkins Nancy A. , Chisaka Osamu , Takeichi Masatoshi , Uemura Tadashi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDrosophila Flamingo (Fmi) is an evolutionally conserved seven‐pass transmembrane receptor of the cadherin superfamily. Fmi plays multiple roles in patterning neuronal processes and epithelial planar cell polarity. To explore the in vivo roles of Fmi homologs in mammals, we previously cloned one of the mouse homologs, mouse flamingo1/Celsr2. Here, we report the results of our study of its embryonic and postnatal expression patterns together with those of two other paralogs, Celsr1 and Celsr3. Celsr1–3 expression was initiated broadly in the nervous system at early developmental stages, and each paralog showed characteristic expression patterns in the developing CNS. These genes were also expressed in several other organs, including the cochlea, where hair cells develop planar polarity, the kidney, and the whisker. The Celsr2 protein was distributed at intercellular boundaries in the whisker and on processes of neuronal cells such as hippocampal pyramidal cells, Purkinje cells, and olfactory neurons. Celsr2 is mapped to a distal region of the mouse chromosome 3. We discussed possible functions of seven‐pass transmembrane cadherins in mouse development. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early expression of endomucin on endothelium of the mouse embryo and on putative hematopoietic clusters in the dorsal aorta
Authors: Brachtendorf Gertrud , Kuhn Annegret , Samulowitz Ulrike , Knorr Ruth , Gustafsson Erika , Potocnik Alexandre J. , Fässler Reinhard , Vestweber Dietmar 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEndomucin is a recently identified sialomucin that is specifically expressed on endothelium of the adult mouse. Here, we have analysed the expression of endomucin during development of the vascular system by immunohistochemistry by using three monoclonal antibodies (mAb). We demonstrate that two of the mAb, V.5C7 and V.1A7, recognize epitopes on the nonglycosylated protein, because they recognize the antigen when it is synthesized as a bacterial fusion protein and when it is in vitro translated in a membrane‐free reticulocyte lysate. During in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells to endothelial cells, endomucin is expressed at day 6 after onset of differentiation, 1 day later than PECAM‐1. During differentiation of the mouse embryo, endomucin is first detected at E8.0 in all embryonic blood vessels detectable at this stage but is absent in blood islands of the yolk sac. Analysing the paraaortic‐splanchnopleura (P‐SP) region and the aorta‐gonad‐mesonephros (AGM) region as sites of intraembryonic hematopoiesis, we found that endothelium of the dorsal aorta is brightly positive for endomucin at E8.5–9.0 and at E11.5. At later stages and in the adult aorta, endothelial staining is strongly reduced and confined to focal areas. Cell clusters associated with the luminal surface of the endothelium of the dorsal aorta could be stained for endomucin and for CD34. At a later stage (E15.5) single leukocytes in the lumen of large venules were stained for endomucin. We conclude that endomucin is an early endothelial‐specific antigen that is also expressed on putative hematopoietic progenitor cells. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A meta‐analytic examination of the relationship between child sexual abuse and eating disorders
Authors: Smolak Linda , Murnen Sarah K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveThis study had two goals. The first was to assess the magnitude and consistency of the relationship between child sexual abuse (CSA) and eating disorders (ED). The second was to examine methodological factors contributing to the heterogeneity of this relationship.MethodMeta‐analysis was used to examine both questions. Fifty‐three studies were included in the analysis.ResultsA small, significant positive relationship between CSA and ED emerged. The relationship was marked by heterogeneity. Effect sizes were largest when CSA was the grouping variable, the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) or the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) was used as the measure of eating disorders, and nonclinical groups were compared with clinical samples.DiscussionModels of CSA and ED need to more clearly specify what aspects of ED (e.g., body image or binge eating) are most influenced by which types of CSA. These specific relationships then need to be examined empirically. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 31: 136–150, 2002; DOI 10.1002/eat.10008
Excessive exercise in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: Relation to eating characteristics and general psychopathology
Authors: Peñas‐Lledó Eva , Vaz Leal Francisco J. , Waller Glenn 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveExcessive exercise is a well‐known phenomenon in anorexia nervosa, but less is known about its role in bulimia nervosa. In addition, there is little evidence regarding the psychopathological processes that might act as predisposing, triggering, or maintaining factors for such exercise. The present study examined the presence of excessive exercise in different women with eating disorders, and its psychopathological correlates.MethodsCase notes from 63 anorexia nervosa and 61 bulimia nervosa patients were examined. Two‐way multivariate analyses of variance (diagnosis × use of excessive exercise) were used to determine the impact of the two factors upon eating characteristics (EAT‐40 and BITE) and psychopathological symptoms (SCL‐90‐R).ResultsWhile high levels of depression were more likely among all patients who used excessive exercise, levels of anxiety and somatization were particularly high only among those anorexics who exercised excessively.DiscussionPossible explanatory models are advanced to account for this pattern of findings, focusing on the possible use of exercise as an affect regulation strategy among anorexia nervosa patients. Further research is suggested to test and develop this model, and possible clinical implications are outlined. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 31: 370–375, 2002.
Body image treatment for a community sample of obligatory and nonobligatory exercisers
Authors: Smith Jane Ellen , Wolfe Brenda L. , Laframboise Denise E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveCognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) was used to treat body dissatisfaction in obligatory and nonobligatory exercisers within a community sample of normal weight women.MethodNinety‐four women (36% obligatory exercisers, 64% nonobligatory exercisers) were assigned randomly to CBT or the waiting‐list (WL) control group.ResultsThe hypotheses that obligatory exercisers would show poorer pretreatment body image and greater compulsivity than nonobligatory exercisers were supported partially. The prediction that obligatory exercisers would respond less favorably to treatment was not supported. Overall, CBT participants evidenced significantly better body image outcomes than the WL at posttreatment, but many effects were lost by the follow‐up.DiscussionTreatment response is considered in light of the unique characteristics of this ethnically diverse, older community sample when compared with the young students in earlier body image intervention studies. The high rate of physical activity among even the nonobligatory exercisers is highlighted for its mood‐regulation properties and its treatment implications. © 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 30: 375–388, 2001.
Psychological stress, coping, and symptoms of disordered eating in a community sample of young Australian women
Authors: Ball Kylie , Lee Christina 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationships among stress, coping, and symptoms of disordered eating in a community sample of young Australian women.MethodA longitudinal study design was employed. Two mail‐out surveys, assessing perceived psychological stress, coping strategies, body weight dissatisfaction, dieting, and disordered eating behaviors, were completed 6 months apart by 415 young women selected from a cohort of the Women's Health Australia Study.ResultsStrong cross‐sectional relationships among the study variables were found. Results of longitudinal analyses, however, demonstrated only tenuous relationships among stress, coping, and later symptoms of disordered eating.DiscussionThese results did not support the hypothesis that stress and coping strategies would predict disordered eating over time. Some evidence was found for a modest reverse relationship between stress and disordered eating. Although contrary to generally accepted theoretical models of disordered eating, these findings are consistent with those of the few previous longitudinal studies reported. Theoretical implications are discussed. © 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 31: 71–81, 2002.
Characteristics of cavity‐isolated and cavity‐connected bow‐tie antennas for subsurface pulse radar
Authors: Nishioka Yasuhiro , Uno Toru , Iguchi Takehito 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe characteristics of metal cavity‐attached resistor‐loaded bow‐tie antennas, which are widely employed as antennas for subsurface detection radars using broadband pulses, are investigated theoretically and experimentally in this paper. Two kinds of antennas are considered: isolated antennas having a structure which separates electrically the bow‐tie antenna and the metal cavity, and connected‐type antennas which connect the bow‐tie antenna and the metal cavity via a resistor. The inner cavity surfaces of both types are coated with ferrite. In this paper, the characteristics of both types of antennas are discussed from the point of view of the effects of the ferrite absorber on the above‐ground and subsurface underground radiation power, the coupling between the transmitter and the receiver, and the effects on the transient reception characteristics. The reasonableness of the analysis of the ferrite absorber is verified experimentally. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 85(8): 66–73, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.1119
Infrared reflection spectroscopic investigation of adsorption of SiHx(CH3)4−x on Si surfaces
Authors: Shinohara Masanori , Shoji Daisei , Maehama Takehiro , Akama Yosuke , Niwano Michio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe absorption process of methylsilanes [SiHx(CH3)4−x(x = 1–3)] onto Si(100) surfaces were investigated by in situ infrared adsorption spectroscopy in the multiple internal reflection geometry. It was established that the exposure of a clean Si(100) (2 × 1) surface to methylsilanes leads to a selective cleavage of SiH bonds. The hydrogen atoms and dissociated species produced in the process adsorb on the dangling bonds of Si dimer, thus forming surface‐adsorbed hydrate species SiH, SiH2, and SiH3. It was demonstrated that adsorption of monomethylsilane occurs in two different modes based on reactions of first and second order. In the adsorption process of the first order, the molecule dissociatively adsorbs on both two dangling bonds of a dimer, while in the adsorption reaction of the second order, the surface adsorbed species SiH(CH3) and a pair of hydrogen atoms are adsorbed independently. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 85(5): 59–65, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.1108
Resistance of spores of Bacillus species to ultraviolet light
Authors: Setlow Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDormant spores of the various Bacillus species, including B. subtilis, are 5 to 50 times more resistant to UV radiation than are the corresponding growing cells. This elevated spore UV resistance is due to: a) the photochemistry of DNA within spores, as UV generates few if any cyclobutane dimers, but rather a photoproduct (Fig. 1) called spore photoproduct (SP; 5‐thyminyl‐5,6‐dihydrothymine); and b) DNA repair, in particular SP‐specific repair, during spore germination. The novel UV photochemistry of spore DNA is largely due to its saturation with a group of small, acid‐soluble proteins (SASP), which are unique to spores and whose binding alters the DNA conformation and thus its photochemistry. SP‐specific repair is also unique to spores and is carried out by a light‐independent SP‐lyase, an iron‐sulfur protein that utilizes S‐adenosylmethionine to catalyze SP monomerization without DNA backbone cleavage. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 38:97–104, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
What motivates European firms to adopt environmental management systems?
Authors: Rivera‐Camino Jaime 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe growing world concern about the impact of industrial activities on the environment has motivated companies to adopt Environmental Management Systems (EMSs). Despite this trend, very little has been written about the variables associated with the implementation of this type of management tool. This article describes the individual, strategic and organizational variables that a sample of European firms use to determine whether to adopt these EMS. It also discusses the most frequently used environmental standards, the outside influences that motivate directors to implement them and the personal perceptions that play a key role in determining whether the standards will be adopted. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment
SMEs and the environment: two case studies
Authors: Friedman Andrew L. , Miles Samantha 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper reports on two cases conducted as part of a wider study surveying 82 UK based small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). The wider study evaluated an environmental initiative aimed at SMEs. Purposive sampling has been employed to highlight SMEs that made significant environmental improvements. This process emphasizes the practical issues SMEs face when implementing environmental issues as workable company policies as well as what can realistically be achieved. Without tangible evidence of environmental and financial outcomes from in‐depth cases, such initiatives run the risk of appearing to be little more than irrelevant greenwash. Such success stories can help motivate other SMEs. In addition, developers of similar initiatives can gain a better understanding of the factors that contribute to success, including how to engage and maintain SME interest. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Quantitative tools for perfecting species lists
Authors: Palmer Michael W. , Earls Peter G. , Hoagland Bruce W. , White Peter S. , Wohlgemuth Thomas 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA substantial body of literature has accumulated on the topic of the estimation of species richness by extrapolation. However, most of these methods rely on an objective sampling of nature. This condition is difficult to meet and seldom achieved for large regions. Furthermore, scientists conducting biological surveys often already have preliminary but subjectively gathered species lists, and would like to assess the completeness of such lists, and/or to find a way to perfect them. We propose several strategies for utilizing external data (such as might be obtained using GIS) to aid in the completion of species lists. These include: (i) using existing species lists to develop predictive models; (ii) using the uniqueness of the environment as a guide to find underrepresented species; (iii) using spectral heterogeneity to locate environmentally heterogeneous regions; (iv) combining surveys with statistical model‐building in an iterative manner. We demonstrate the potential of these approaches using simulation and case studies from Oklahoma. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Best linear unbiased quantile estimators for environmental standards
Authors: Barnett Vic , Bown Marion 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRecent research has sought to develop a statistically based approach to setting environmental standards, prompted by Barnett and O'Hagan (1997) whose recommendations for a statistically verifiable ideal standard (SVIS) were endorsed by the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution (1998). Many current environmental standards are set without due consideration of uncertainty and variation and are often based on poorly defined principles. In this article we propose an SVIS set on a population quantile where inferences about that quantile are achieved through best linear unbiased quantile estimation (BLUQE). We concentrate on estimation using small samples from the normal distribution with both parameters unknown, as is often the case in environmental problems. We investigate the efficiency of this estimator in comparison with a quantile estimator based upon the common sample estimators of mean and standard deviation, X̄ and S, respectively. From extensive simulation, we tabulate 5 per cent and 1 per cent critical values for the 0.95 and 0.99 BLUQE and develop an approximate significance testing procedure, which we demonstrate using river water quality data. We consider the difference in power between this approximate test and a coefficient of variation‐based approach appealing to properties of the non‐central t distribution. Finally, we examine ranked set sampling and compare best linear unbiased quantile estimation based on ranked set samples with that based on ordinary random samples, demonstrating impressive efficiency gains. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlation of JMA instrumental seismic intensity with strong motion parameters
Authors: Karim Kazi R. , Yamazaki Fumio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) seismic intensity (IJMA) has been used as a measure of strong shaking for many years in Japan, and it necessitates to know the correlation between the JMA seismic intensity and other strong motion indices, e.g. Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Peak Ground Velocity (PGV), and Spectrum Intensity (SI). In this study, two strong motion data sets were selected; in which, the first set consists of 879 three‐components non‐liquefied records selected from 13 major earthquake events that occurred in Japan, the United States, and Taiwan, and the second set consists of 17 liquefied records selected from 7 major earthquake events that occurred in Japan and the United States. The JMA seismic intensity and other ground motion indices were calculated using the selected data sets. The relationships between the JMA seismic intensity and PGA, PGV, and SI were then derived performing a two‐stage linear regression analysis. Results from the analysis show that the JMA instrumental seismic intensity shows higher correlation with SI than PGA or PGV, and it shows the highest correlation with the parameters such as the combination of PGA and SI or the product of PGA and SI. The obtained relationships are also compared with the ones obtained by other studies, which may be useful for the disaster management agencies in Japan and deployment of new SI‐sensors that monitor both PGA and SI. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of the seismic response of masonry buildings based on energy functions
Authors: Benedetti D. , Carydis P. , Limongelli M. P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis work is based on energies evaluated from the responses of 12 stone and brick masonry systems subjected to 58 shaking table tests. The evolution of input energy during a damaging base excitation is correlated to the change of the damage patterns of the considered buildings. The comparison among energies dissipated and absorbed by the buildings during the various shocks gives some hints on strengthening strategies. It is found that damage to spandrel beams produces a more significant energy absorption than other types of damage. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.