bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Informationen zur reproduktiven Gesundheit in digitalen Medien
Authors: Kubitza Eva , Böhm Maika 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungEinleitung Die Versorgung im Kontext eines Schwangerschaftsabbruchs ist Teil der reproduktiven Gesundheit. Der Zugang zu sachlichen Informationen über medizinische und rechtliche Aspekte und den Ablauf eines Schwangerschaftsabbruchs ist für eine informierte Entscheidungsfindung von zentraler Bedeutung. Das Internet dient als niedrigschwellige und anonyme Informationsquelle für Menschen, die sich über die Gesundheitsleistung Schwangerschaftsabbruch informieren möchten.Forschungsziele Die Arbeit untersucht, welche deutschsprachigen Websites zum Thema Schwangerschaftsabbruch über eine Google-Suche angezeigt werden und wer die Anbietenden dieser Seiten sind. Darüber hinaus wird analysiert, welche rechtlichen und medizinischen Informationen auf Websites von Schwangerschaftsberatungsstellen und Ärzt*innen gefunden werden.Methoden Zwischen Juni 2021 und Juli 2023 wurden mittels dreier quantitativer Medieninhaltsanalysen Google-Treffer (n = 124), Beratungsstellen-Websites (n = 319) sowie Websites von Ärzt*innen/medizinischen Einrichtungen (n = 65) analysiert. Für die Datenerhebungen wurden reliabilitätsgeprüfte Codebücher verwendet, die Daten wurden deskriptivstatistisch ausgewertet.Ergebnisse Bei einer Google-Recherche mittels Suchbegriffen dominieren die Websites von Medienschaffenden, während Seiten von Gesundheitsfachkräften/-organisationen, Schwangerschaftsberatungsstellen sowie politisch bzw. religiös motivierten Akteur*innen im Sinne des sogenannten Lebensschutzes eine nachrangige Rolle spielen. Die Thematisierung des rechtlichen Kontextes von Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen ist abhängig vom Anbietendentyp. Entsprechende Informationen finden sich v. a. auf Websites der Schwangerschaftsberatungsstellen. Medizinische Informationen können vorrangig auf den Seiten von Ärzt*innen/medizinischen Einrichtungen identifiziert werden.Schlussfolgerung Abhängig vom Anbietendentyp werden unterschiedliche Informationen zum Schwangerschaftsabbruch in den Mittelpunkt gestellt. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf einen Weiterentwicklungsbedarf von Beratungsstellen- bzw. praxiseigenen Websites hin, u. a. damit entsprechende Angebote von Suchmaschinen besser gefunden werden. Insbesondere die digitale Bereitstellung schwangerschaftsabbruchbezogener Informationen durch Fachkräfte kann zu einer Versachlichung und Verbesserung der Informationslandschaft beitragen.
Versorgung und rechtliche Regelungen von Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen. Welche Verbesserungsbedarfe sehen Fachkräfte der Schwangerschaftskonfliktberatung?
Authors: Baer Judit , Walsch Johanna , Böhm Maika 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Versorgung von Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen in Deutschland. Er gibt die spezifische Sicht von Leiter*innen und Berater*innen von Schwangerschaftsberatungsstellen auf rechtliche, medizinische und psychosoziale Aspekte von Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen wieder. Dazu wurden qualitative und quantitative Daten des Teilprojekts psychosoziale Versorgung der ELSA(Erfahrungen und Lebenslagen ungewollt Schwangerer – Angebote der Beratung und Versorgung)-Studie hinsichtlich der Verbesserungsanregungen von Fachkräften inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.
Funktionsprotektiver Verschluss einer urethrokutanen Fistel der prostatischen Harnröhre über einen perinealen Zugang mit Gracilis-Flap
Authors: Reichert Mathias , Stepniewski Adam , Grade Marian , Felmerer Gunther , Trojan Lutz , Mohr Mirjam Naomi 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Es wird von einem 36-jährigen Patienten berichtet, der beim Miktionieren Urin perianal aus einem kutanen Porus verliert. Nach entsprechender Diagnostik wird die Diagnose einer urethrokutanen Fistel aus der prostatischen Harnröhre unklarer Ätiologie gestellt. Aufgrund des jungen Alters und der sexuellen Aktivität, stellt die chirurgische Therapie eine Herausforderung dar. Über einen perinealen Zugang wird die Fistel isoliert und prostatanah ligiert, ohne die Gefäßnervenbündel zu gefährden. Um einen sicheren Fistelverschluss zu erzielen, wird anschließend ein Gracilis-Flap als Zwischenschicht zwischen Prostatahinterfläche und perkutanem Fistelausgang gelegt. Bis dato ist kein Fall einer erfolgreichen chirurgischen Therapie einer prostatokutanen Urinfistel beschrieben, die funktionserhaltend durchgeführt werden konnte.
Male Hypogonadism After Recovery from Acute COVID-19 Infection: A
Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Prasad Aravind , Rashmi K. G , Sahoo Jayaprakash , Kamalanathan Sadishkumar , Wyawahare Mukta , Anusuya R , Naik Dukhabandhu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can affect
the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) due to the expression of the
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor.
Objectives To assess the prevalence of hypogonadism and Sertoli cell
dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) male survivors.
Method Male subjects recovered from acute COVID-19 infection were
prospectively observed. The primary outcomes included the proportion of
hypogonadism, defined biochemically as serum
testosterone<230 ng/dL or CFT
of<6.4 ng/mL if the total testosterone is between
230–320 ng/m. Sertoli cell dysfunction was defined as
inhibin-B level<54.5 pg/mL. Subjects with hypogonadism
were followed up at 12 months to assess the recovery of the HPG axis.
Results Eighty-three subjects aged≥18 years were evaluated at a
median of 120 (±35) days post-recovery. Their mean age was
49.50±12.73 years, and the mean BMI was
26.84±5.62 kg/m2. Low testosterone was
detected in 21 (24.71%) and low inhibin-B was detected in 14
(19.71%) out of 71 subjects at 3 months. Subjects with low testosterone
were younger, with a mean age of 43.29±12.03 years (P-0.08) and higher
BMI (P-0.012). The severity of COVID-19 infection, duration of hospitalization,
and other factors were not significantly associated with low testosterone. At 12
months, 18 out of 21 subjects came for follow-up, of which 9 (50%)
showed persistently low testosterone, suggestive of hypogonadism.
Conclusion Following COVID-19 infection, testosterone levels recovered
over time; however, a significant proportion of subjects had low levels at
12-month follow-up. These findings have long-term implications for the
management of COVID-19 subjects.
The Association among Physical Activity, Sociodemographic, Trunk
Muscles Thickness and Low Back Pain-Related Disability in Amateur Soccer
Players: An Observational Study
Authors: Miñambres-Martín Diego , Antonio Valera-Calero Juan , Martín-Casas Patricia , Varol Umut , Fernandez-de-las-Penas Cesar , Plaza-Manzano Gustavo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective Although low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common
musculoskeletal disorders, there is limited evidence assessing which factors
contribute LBP severity in amateur athletes. We aimed to analyze relationships
between sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle and lumbar multifidus (LM) at L4
and L5 levels, rectus abdominis (RA), external and internal obliques (EO and IO)
and transversus abdominis (TrA) muscles thickness assessed with ultrasound
imaging (US) variables with lumbar disability in amateur athletes with LBP and
lumbar disc herniation.
Methods Eighty-two male amateur soccer athletes were analyzed. Demographic
data, internal hip rotation, finger-floor distance, pain intensity, number of
LBP episodes within the last year, metabolic equivalent of tasks for physical
activity, sitting time, muscle thickness and disability caused by LBP were
collected.
Results Pain intensity showed significant associations with LBP
recurrence, disability, sedentarism, trunk and hip flexibility, vigorous
physical activity and TrA, EO and RA muscles thickness (p<0.05).
Similarly, disability was associated with number of LBP episodes, vigorous
activity, sitting time, finger floor distance, and RA, EO and IO muscles
thickness (p<0.05). TrA thickness and internal hip rotation were not
associated with lumbar disability (p>0.05).
Conclusion LBP intensity and pain-related disability were significantly
associated with LBP episodes, vigorous activity, sitting time, finger floor
distance, and thickness of abdominal muscles were associated with pain intensity
and disability. However, lumbar multifidus thickness at rest, ankle dorsiflexion
and walking time were not associated with clinical severity.
Trends in prevalence of esophageal adenocarcinoma: Findings from a statewide database of over 6 million patients
Authors: Qumseya Bashar , Yang Shuang , Guo Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEsophageal cancer (EC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the west 1. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of EC worldwide. However, in Western countries, including the United States, esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is the most common 2. EAC is most common in the lower esophagus whereas SCC is most common in the middle and upper esophagus 3. The incidence of EAC has increased dramatically in western countries over the past few decades. 2
3 The exact reason for this rise in EAC has not been clearly understood. However, an increase in the prevalence of EAC risk factors is postulated as a potential explanation 4. Although there are many identifiable EAC risk factors, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), obesity, male sex, White race, and smoking 5
6
7, Barrett’s esophagus (BE) remains the major precursor lesion of esophageal adenocarcinoma. BE develops when there is a change in the normal squamous lining of the esophageal mucosa into intestinal metaplasia 8
9. The incidence has also increased in the population over the past few decades 10
11. There is a well-described progression within BE from non-dysplastic BE (NDBE), low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia (HGD), intramucosal carcinoma (IMC), to invasive EAC 12
13. Recent data suggest that the increased incidence of EAC may have plateaued 1. However, we questioned whether the prevalence of EAC is still increasing, especially at younger ages in lieu of recent trends showing an increase in the prevalence of colorectal cancer in younger patients. These findings resulted in a lowering of the colorectal cancer screening age cutoff to 45 years from 50 years 14
15
16. Therefore, we aimed to assess the time trends in the prevalence and incidence of EAC and some of its risk factors in a large population of patients in Florida and to assess these trends based on age categories. We hypothesized that the prevalence of EAC and BE has increased over time at younger age groups.
Synthesis of the C1–C13 Segment of Poecillastrin C
Authors: Hosokawa Seijiro , Clark Hugh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA stereoselective synthesis of the C1–C13 segment of poecillastrin C has been achieved. The C1–C4 moiety was derived from diallyl l-tartrate, and the amide group at the C3 position was constructed by means of a traceless Staudinger reaction. The C1–C13 segment was submitted to model studies, including esterification with a bulky alcohol at the C1 position and Stille coupling with vinyl iodide at the C13 position. The reactivity of the C1 position was affected by the neighboring C2-protective group. When the C2 hydroxy group was protected as a TBS ether, the C1 carboxylic acid did not undergo esterification with a bulky secondary alcohol, whereas the p-methoxybenzylidene N,O-acetal afforded a 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentyl ester. Stille coupling of the C1–C13 segment with 1-iodohept-1-ene gave the southern part of the poecillastrin C macrolactam attached to simplified eastern and western parts.
An Improved Protocol for the Synthesis of Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides
Authors: Burtoloso Antonio C. B. , de Souza João H. , Vargas Jorge A. M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn improved protocol for the synthesis of carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides from the reaction between trimethylsulfoxonium iodide and reactive carboxylic acid derivatives is described. In a one-pot, two-step sequence, these sulfoxonium ylides could be obtained in up to 81% yield with shorter reaction times and lesser equivalent numbers of the reactants when compared to the previous methods. These improvements make the method less expensive and ideal for larger scale preparations as well, not necessitating excess of the trialkylsulfoxonium salt starting material. An easier workup procedure, avoiding solvent extraction, is also discussed and facilitates product isolation.
Thyroid Inflammation and Immunity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A
Comprehensive Review and Case Study
Authors: Lampropoulou Eleni , Benz Claus , Kahaly George J. , Führer Dagmar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the development of
various vaccines. Reports have emerged suggesting a possible association between
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and the onset of thyroid diseases. This review explores
the clinical aspects of thyroid disorders following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination,
including a case report of a patient with concomitant subacute thyroiditis (SAT)
and Graves’ disease (GD) with blocking thyrotropin receptor
autoantibodies (TSH-R-Ab) following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. SAT, characterized
by transient inflammation of the thyroid gland, has been reported after
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. GD, an autoimmune hyperthyroidism, has also been
observed post-vaccination, often with stimulating TSH-R-Ab. Graves’
orbitopathy (GO) has been associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients
with a history of immune thyroid disease. The unique case underscores a very
rare thyroid condition of functional hypothyroidism in possible relation to
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and the usefulness of functional analysis of TSH-R-Ab
that can provide valuable insights into disease pathogenesis and help to guide
treatment. This review highlights the need for continued monitoring and
awareness of potential thyroid-related complications following SARS-CoV-2
vaccination.
LPS-Induced Neuron Cell Apoptosis through TNF-α and Cytochrome c Expression in Dental Pulp
Authors: Sampoerno Galih , Supriyanto Eddo , Wahjuningrum Dian Agustin , Larasati Aghnia Alma , Ardiani Dinda , Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro , Bhardwaj Anuj , Ates Ayver Atav 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives Inflammation of the dental pulp tissue caused by bacteria, creating an immunology response of death of the dental pulp, is called apoptosis. The Porphyromonas gingivalis that cause apoptosis is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through toll-like receptor (TLR) via two different mechanisms, intracellular and extracellular pathways. This study analyzed the role of LPS exposure of neuron cells, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and cytochrome c (cyt-c) expression in the dental pulp to predict the possible mechanism of apoptosis.
Materials and Methods The lower tooth of Sprague Dawley rats was opened and exposed to LPS for 48 hours. Then the neuron cell analyzed histopathology using hematoxylin–eosin, whereas the TNF-α and cyt-c expression with indirect immunohistochemistry using a light microscope. The relationship between neuron cells with TNF-α and cyt-c was analyzed using stepwise regression linear analysis.
Result The LPS exposure showed a lower number of neuron cells and had a relationship with TNF-α expression but not with cyt-c, while compared with control, both TNF-α and cyt-c expression were higher in neuron cells.
Conclusion LPS exposure in dental pulp is possible to stimulate the apoptosis process through extracellular pathways marked by higher TNF-α expression.
Extensive Skeletal Muscle Metastases in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Detected by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yilmaz Mustafa , Kandemir Ozan , Tutar Ediz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare but aggressive tumor originating from pleural mesothelial cells. Distant skeletal muscle metastasis is rare in MPM. A 54-year-old woman was diagnosed with epithelioid MPM and treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy 2 years ago. During follow-up, diffuse irregular pleural thickening with focal chest wall invasion in the right hemithorax and two small pleural thickenings in the left hemithorax were seen on control diagnostic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (FDG PET/CT) imaging was performed as part of restaging. PET showed diffusely increased FDG uptake in the recurrent right pleural tumor, and two hypermetabolic small metastatic foci in the contralateral pleura. In addition, multiple hypermetabolic areas of various sizes in various skeletal muscle localizations, suggestive of extensive muscle metastases were noted. Histopathologic study confirmed metastatic epithelioid MPM. FDG PET/CT revealed multiple muscle metastases which were not observed on earlier CECT and contributed to the visualization of more extensive metastatic involvements in the presented case with MPM. FDG PET/CT can detect rarely seen skeletal muscle metastases that are not visualized on diagnostic CT, and provides more accurate restaging of MPM.
A Machine Learning Algorithm using Clinical and Demographic Data for All-Cause Preterm Birth Prediction
Authors: Bitar Ghamar , Liu Wei , Tunguhan Jade , Kumar Kaveeta V. , Hoffman Matthew K. 
Published: December 2023

Objective Preterm birth remains the predominant cause of perinatal mortality throughout the United States and the world, with well-documented racial and socioeconomic disparities. To develop and validate a predictive algorithm for all-cause preterm birth using clinical, demographic, and laboratory data using machine learning.
Study Design We performed a cohort study of pregnant individuals delivering at a single institution using prospectively collected information on clinical conditions, patient demographics, laboratory data, and health care utilization. Our primary outcome was all-cause preterm birth before 37 weeks. The dataset was randomly divided into a derivation cohort (70%) and a separate validation cohort (30%). Predictor variables were selected amongst 33 that had been previously identified in the literature (directed machine learning). In the derivation cohort, both statistical (logistic regression) and machine learning (XG-Boost) models were used to derive the best fit (C-Statistic) and then validated using the validation cohort. We measured model discrimination with the C-Statistic and assessed the model performance and calibration of the model to determine whether the model provided clinical decision-making benefits.
Results The cohort includes a total of 12,440 deliveries among 12,071 individuals. Preterm birth occurred in 2,037 births (16.4%). The derivation cohort consisted of 8,708 (70%) and the validation cohort consisted of 3,732 (30%). XG-Boost was chosen due to the robustness of the model and the ability to deal with missing data and collinearity between predictor variables. The top five predictor variables identified as drivers of preterm birth, by feature importance metric, were multiple gestation, number of emergency department visits in the year prior to the index pregnancy, initial unknown body mass index, gravidity, and prior preterm delivery. Test performance characteristics were similar between the two populations (derivation cohort area under the curve [AUC] = 0.70 vs. validation cohort AUC = 0.63).
Conclusion Clinical, demographic, and laboratory information can be useful to predict all-cause preterm birth with moderate precision.
Key Points
Anesthesia Techniques for Harvesting via Follicular Unit Excision
Authors: Barusco Marco N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFollicular unit excision (FUE) is one of the established techniques for harvesting donor hair for hair transplantation. Traditionally, hair restoration surgery is performed using local anesthesia, although some surgeons use general anesthesia for the procedure. Normally, local anesthesia is coupled with light oral sedation to make the procedure more comfortable for patients. Techniques such as “ring block” or nerve blocks are common and effective for scalp anesthesia. Due to its simplicity, adequate pain control and safety, ring blocks are typically used for FUE donor harvesting, reserving nerve blocks only to patients who cannot be adequately anesthetized with the ring block. Using the correct technique for application of local anesthesia can dramatically decrease the pain associated with it and create a comfortable and easy experience for the patient.
Unusual Extra-Axial and Extracranial Recurrence in an IDH Mutant Astrocytoma: A Case Report
Authors: Nair Swetha M. , Sahu Arpita , Prasad Apurva , George Asha Mary , Goel Atul , Gupta Tejpal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase mutant gliomas generally have a better prognosis than their wild-type counterpart. Recurrences are generally within the radiation field in the primary tumoral bed. Remote recurrence is uncommon and is usually intraparenchymal. Transformation to a higher grade has been observed with TP53 mutants. Presentation of glioma as an extra-axial lesion is extremely uncommon. No such cases of remote intracranial extra-axial recurrence have been reported in the literature. We describe the unique imaging findings in this case and attempt to formulate possible diagnoses. Intraoperative and pathological findings confirmed this unusual recurrence pattern.
Clinical Outcomes of Single-Stage Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using a Fast-Setting Bone Graft Substitute
Authors: Rogers Joseph D. , Adsit Matthew H. , Serbin Philip A. , Worcester Katherine S. , Firoved Amanda B. , Bonner Kevin F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRevision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) can be achieved in a single-stage or two-stage approach. Single-stage revisions have several advantages, including one less operation, decreased cost, and a quicker recovery for patients. Revision ACLR can be complicated by malpositioned or dilated bone tunnels, which makes a single-stage revision more challenging or sometimes necessitates a two-stage approach. The use of fast-setting bone graft substitutes (BGS) has been described in recent literature as a strategy to potentially help address this problem in the setting of single-stage revision ACLR. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient-reported clinical outcomes of patients who have undergone single-stage revision ACLR using fast-setting BGS to address prior malpositioned or dilated tunnels. A retrospective review was conducted of the first nine consecutive patients who had undergone single-stage revision ACLR using a fast-setting BGS by a single surgeon between May 2017 and February 2020 with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. Patient-reported clinical outcomes, including the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) questionnaire, the Tegner Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, patient satisfaction questions, and the need for additional surgery were evaluated for this group between 26 and 49 months postoperative. Of the nine patients eligible for inclusion, eight patients (88.9%) were evaluated, and one was lost to follow-up. At an average follow-up of 37.9 months (range: 27.8–55.7), the mean postoperative IKDC score was 75.0 ± 11.3, and the mean postoperative Tegner Lysholm Knee Score was 83.0 ± 17.6. None of the patients required additional revision surgery or experienced construct failure at the time of follow-up. Seven of eight respondents (87.5%) had their preoperative expectations met with the surgery, and 100% of patients stated they would have the surgery again. Single-stage revision ACLR using fast-setting BGS showed overall positive clinical outcomes for this pilot group of patients at a minimum 2-year follow-up. In select revision scenarios, these materials may be a valuable option to allow the filling of defects without compromising fixation or clinical outcomes.