bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A narrative review of music therapy for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease and rationale for protocolized music teletherapy
Authors: Wang Sonya G. , Cevasco-Trotter Andrea M. , Silverman Michael J. , Yuan Shauna H. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) constitutes a major societal problem with devastating neuropsychiatric involvement in over 90% of those diagnosed. The large spectrum of AD neuropsychiatric symptoms leads to polypharmacological prescribing that, in turn, poses a major risk for increased side effects. Non-pharmacological interventions such as music therapy (MT) are therefore recommended as first-line treatments. The amalgamation of an aging population, long lifespan, and shortage of qualified music therapists limits access to MT services for AD.ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to provide a rationale for a protocolized music teletherapy (MTT) intervention to increase accessibility for MT as a psychosocial intervention for neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with AD by conducting a narrative review of the existing MT and AD literature.MethodsWe conducted a narrative review of MT and MTT publications indexed in PubMed and Google Scholar wherein authors used the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. We examined the impact of MT on neuropsychiatric symptoms of AD and identified MTT as a way to increase access to clinical services.ResultsMT can have positive impacts on neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD. However, we identified an ensuing need for protocolized MT interventions, access to services, and increased awareness. MTT is an option that can address these needs.DiscussionAlthough MT can have positive effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms and can be beneficial and safe for individuals with AD, the current approach to MT practice is enormously heterogeneous with studies demonstrating variable therapist qualifications, uses of music, therapy approaches, and clinical populations. Congruently, the existing literature indicates that MT has not been standardized with protocolized interventions, making it difficult for clinicians and researchers to objectively assess the evidence, and thus, prescribe MT interventions. The lack of MT standardization, coupled with a low number of music therapists relative to people with AD, result in a lack of awareness that hinders access to MT as a psychosocial treatment for neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with AD. We therefore propose that protocolized MTT interventions are needed to increase access to better address neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with AD.
Exploring the interplay between Fusobacterium nucleatum with the expression of microRNA, and inflammatory mediators in colorectal cancer
Authors: Bostanghadiri Narjess , Razavi Shabnam , Shariati Aref , Talebi Malihe , Mirkalantari Shiva , Emami Razavi Amirnader , Darban-Sarokhalil Davood 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundFusobacterium nucleatum has been recognized as an important key bacterium in the cause and spread of colorectal carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, the clinical relevance of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its effect on immune factors and the tumor microenvironment have not been fully elucidated.Materials and methodsThe frequency of F. nucleatum was measured in 100 paired tumor and normal tissue specimens by TaqMan quantification Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The mRNA expression levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-12β, IL-17, TNF-α, TLR-2, and TLR-4), and miRNAs (miR-21, miR-31) were examined. Eventually, any potential correlations between the molecular and clinicopathological features of the neoplastic samples and the abundance of F. nucleatum were analyzed.ResultsThe relative frequency of F. nucleatum was significantly increased in cancerous tissue compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues. Furthermore, the high level of F. nucleatum was significantly associated with histological grade III and IV CRC tissues (P = 0.027 and P = 0.022, respectively) and perineural invasion-positive patients (P = 0.037). In addition, the expression levels of IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α,IL-12β, TLR-2, and TLR-4 as well as miR-21 and miR-31 showed a significant increase in the cancer group. A notable correlation was also observed between the high status of F. nucleatum and the expression of IL-6, TNF-α and miR-21.ConclusionOur results emphasize the importance of F. nucleatum and changes in the expression of genes involved in CRC. Studying the microbial profile and gene expression changes in CRC patients may be a promising approach to improve screening methods and provide therapeutic strategies.
Evaluation of risk factors for impulse control disorder in Parkinson’s disease in northern China
Authors: Ren Wenhua , Qi Yumeng , Liu Yan , Yan YaYun , Zheng Xiaoqi , Jin ShuXian , Chang Ying 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionImpulse control disorder (ICD) is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its risk factors are still controversial. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ICD in northern China and analyze the risk factors associated with ICD, multiple ICDs, and four subtypes.MethodsA total of 285 PD patients were enrolled in this study. Each patient was screened using the Questionnaire for Impulse and Compulsive Control Disorders (QUIP). Stepwise regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors, and a prediction model was developed.ResultsThe prevalence of ICD in the study population was 11.6%. Stepwise regression analysis showed that ICD was associated with disease duration, motor symptoms, dyskinesia, depression, REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and cognitive decline; multiple ICDs were related to coffee history, motor symptoms, dyskinesia, depression, apathy and RBD. The prediction model demonstrated good performance with AUC values of 0.93, 0.88, and 0.66 on the balanced train set, balanced test set, and the original imbalanced data set, respectively.ConclusionThe risk factors for PD-ICD are complex and influenced by regional economic and cultural backgrounds. Clarifying these factors and developing predictive models can help to delay or even prevent the development of ICD through early screening and intervention.
The impact of cognitive reserve on delayed neurocognitive recovery after major non-cardiac surgery: an exploratory substudy
Authors: Kainz Elena , Juilfs Neelke , Harler Ulrich , Kahl Ursula , Mewes Caspar , Zöllner Christian , Fischer Marlene 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionDelayed neurocognitive recovery is a common and severe complication after surgery and anesthesia with an adverse impact on daily living, morbidity, and mortality. High cognitive reserve may mitigate the development of delayed neurocognitive recovery, however, supporting data is lacking. We aimed to assess the association between cognitive reserve and delayed neurocognitive recovery in the early postoperative period.MethodsThis is a substudy of two prospective observational studies. Adult patients undergoing elective major non-cardiac surgery, who were fluent in German, were eligible for study participation. Patients with any pre-existing central nervous system disorders were excluded. Cognitive reserve was assessed using the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire. Delayed neurocognitive recovery was defined as a decline in cognitive function compared with baseline assessments and was evaluated with a battery of neuropsychological tests on the day of hospital admission and between day three post procedure and before hospital discharge.ResultsA total of 67 patients with a median age of 67 [IQR: (63–73)] years were included in our analysis. We found delayed neurocognitive recovery in 22.4% of patients. There was a significant association between Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire total score and the occurrence of delayed neurocognitive recovery in the early postoperative period [OR = 0.938, (95% CI, 0.891; 0.988), p = 0.015].ConclusionHigher cognitive reserve in elderly patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery decreases the risk for subsequent delayed neurocognitive recovery in the early postoperative period.
Smartphone use in Neurology: a bibliometric analysis and visualization of things to come
Authors: Tatum William O. , Acton Emily K. , Freund Brin , de la Cruz Gutierrez Manuel , Feyissa Anteneh M. , Brigham Tara 
Published: November 2023

Background and objectivesSmartphones are a ubiquitous part of society with increasing use as a healthcare tool. We aimed to analyze the published literature on smartphone usage within the field of Neurology to define the scientific landscape and forecast future research initiatives.MethodsWe performed a bibliometric review of smartphone uses in Neurology based on a search of two Web of Science databases from inception through September 16, 2022. This librarian-guided review was conducted using Bibliometrix for data assessment and visualization. Temporal trends in publications, citation counts, collaborations, and author affiliations were among key metrics evaluated. VOS viewer identified hot spots based on generating co-occurrences and bibliographic coupling mapping.ResultsOur search found 3,920 publications. The U.S. produced the most topic-based publications, collaborating most frequently with U.K., Canada, and China-based authors. The most prolific institutions included Karolinska Institute, University of Sydney, and University of Pittsburgh. Bioelectromagnetics, Stroke, and Neurology were the most cited journals. Rapid growth in scientific production occurred in recent years, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hotspots and keyword co-occurrence included telehealth, machine learning, and self-management. Temporal trends reflect transitioning from a focus of initial publications regarding mobile phone safety to more recent application of smartphones as “smart” tools for single modality diagnosis, monitoring, management, and treatment of neurological diseases.DiscussionThere has been rapid expansion of the published literature on smartphone uses in Neurology. Initial focus on smartphones and health risk has shifted to uses for neurological disease diagnosis, detection, and management, with relevance as a global interface for collaboration and clinical practice.
Phenobarbital does not worsen outcomes of neonatal hypoxia on hippocampal LTP on rats
Authors: Sanchez-Brualla Irene , Ghosh Anjik , Gibatova Viktoriya A. , Quinlan Sean , Witherspoon Eric , Vicini Stefano , Forcelli Patrick A. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionNeonatal hypoxia is a common cause of early-life seizures. Both hypoxia-induced seizures (HS), and the drugs used to treat them (e.g., phenobarbital, PB), have been reported to have long-lasting impacts on brain development. For example, in neonatal rodents, HS reduces hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), while PB exposure disrupts GABAergic synaptic maturation in the hippocampus. Prior studies have examined the impact of HS and drug treatment separately, but in the clinic, PB is unlikely to be given to neonates without seizures, and neonates with seizures are very likely to receive PB. To address this gap, we assessed the combined and separate impacts of neonatal HS and PB treatment on the development of hippocampal LTP.MethodsMale and female postnatal day (P)7 rat pups were subjected to graded global hypoxia (or normoxia as a control) and treated with either PB (or vehicle as a control). On P13-14 (P13+) or P29-37 (P29+), we recorded LTP of the Schaffer collaterals into CA1 pyramidal layer in acute hippocampal slices. We compared responses to theta burst stimulation (TBS) and tetanization induction protocols.ResultsUnder the TBS induction protocol, female rats showed an LTP impairment caused by HS, which appeared only at P29+. This impairment was delayed compared to male rats. While LTP in HS males was impaired at P13+, it normalized by P29+. Under the tetanization protocol, hypoxia produced larger LTP in males compared to female rats. PB injection, under TBS, did not exacerbate the effects of hypoxia. However, with the tetanization protocol, PB – on the background of HS – compensated for these effects, returning LTP to control levels.DiscussionThese results point to different susceptibility to hypoxia as a function of sex and age, and a non-detrimental effect of PB when administered after hypoxic seizures.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on upper limb motor function with stroke: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy pilot study
Authors: Wang Likai , Gao Fei , Dai Yongli , Wang Zhan , Liang Feng , Wu Jingyi , Wang Mengchun , Wang Litong 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) emerges as a promising neuromodulatory technique. However, taVNS uses left ear stimulation in stroke survivors with either left or right hemiparesis. Understanding its influence on the cortical responses is pivotal for optimizing post-stroke rehabilitation protocols.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this study was to elucidate the influence of taVNS on cortical responses in stroke patients presenting with either left or right hemiparesis and to discern its potential ramifications for upper limb rehabilitative processes.MethodsWe employed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to ascertain patterns of cerebral activation in stroke patients as they engaged in a “block transfer” task. Additionally, the Lateralization Index (LI) was utilized to quantify the lateralization dynamics of cerebral functions.ResultsIn patients exhibiting left-side hemiplegia, there was a notable increase in activation within the pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex (PMC-SMC) of the unaffected hemisphere as well as in the left Broca area. Conversely, those with right-side hemiplegia displayed heightened activation in the affected primary somatosensory cortex (PSC) region following treatment.Significantly, taVNS markedly amplified cerebral activation, with a pronounced impact on the left motor cortical network across both cohorts. Intriguingly, the LI showcased consistency, suggesting a harmonized enhancement across both compromised and uncompromised cerebral regions.ConclusionTaVNS can significantly bolster the activation within compromised cerebral territories, particularly within the left motor cortical domain, without destabilizing cerebral lateralization. TaVNS could play a pivotal role in enhancing upper limb functional restoration post-stroke through precise neuromodulatory and neuroplastic interventions.
Development and visualization of a risk prediction model for metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study based on health check-up data in China
Authors: Liu Wenxi , Tang Xiao , Cui Tongcheng , Zhao Hui , Song Guirong 
Published: November 2023

AimOur study aimed to construct a practical risk prediction model for metabolic syndrome (MetS) based on the longitudinal health check-up data, considering both the baseline level of physical examination indicators and their annual average cumulative exposure, and to provide some theoretical basis for the health management of Mets.MethodsThe prediction model was constructed in male and female cohorts, separately. The shared set of predictive variables screened out from 49 important physical examination indicators by the univariate Cox model, Lasso-Cox model and the RSF algorithm collectively was further screened by Cox stepwise regression method. The screened predictors were used to construct prediction model by the Cox proportional hazards regression model and RSF model, respectively. Subsequently, the better method would be selected to develop final MetS predictive model according to comprehensive comparison and evaluation. Finally, the optimal model was validated internally and externally by the time-dependent ROC curve (tdROC) and concordance indexes (C-indexes). The constructed predictive model was converted to a web-based prediction calculator using the “shiny” package of the R4.2.1 software.ResultsA total of 15 predictors were screened in the male cohort and 9 predictors in the female cohort. In both male and female cohorts, the prediction error curve of the RSF model was consistently lower than that of the Cox proportional hazards regression model, and the integrated Brier score (IBS) of the RSF model was smaller, therefore, the RSF model was used to develop the final prediction model. Internal validation of the RSF model showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of tdROC for 1 year, 3 years and 5 years in the male cohort were 0.979, 0.991, and 0.983, and AUCs in the female cohort were 0.959, 0.975, and 0.978, respectively, the C-indexes calculated by 500 bootstraps of the male and female cohort RSF models are above 0.7. The external validation also showed that the model has good predictive ability.ConclusionThe risk predictive model for MetS constructed by RSF in this study is more stable and reliable than Cox proportional hazards regression model, and the model based on multiple screening of routine physical examination indicators has performed well in both internal and external data, and has certain clinical application value.
Subsequent chemotherapy with paclitaxel plus cetuximab-based chemotherapy following immune checkpoint inhibitor in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Tanaka Hideki , Enokida Tomohiro , Okano Susumu , Fujisawa Takao , Tanaka Nobukazu , Takeshita Naohiro , Onaga Ryutaro , Hoshi Yuta , Wada Akihisa , Sato Masanobu , Ueda Yuri , Tahara Makoto 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are essential in treating recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN). However, the overall response rate (ORR) is limited to 10-20%, and subsequent chemotherapy is critical to maximizing the subjects’ prognosis.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 59 patients with R/M SCCHN treated with paclitaxel+cetuximab (PE)-based chemotherapy (PCE, paclitaxel+carboplatin+cetuximab; or PTX+Cmab, paclitaxel+cetuximab) following disease progression after either pembrolizumab or nivolumab monotherapy.ResultsOf 59 patients, 15 were treated with pembrolizumab, with an ORR of 13.3%, and the remaining 44 with nivolumab, with an ORR of 11.4%. All patients in the pembrolizumab cohort had platinum-sensitive disease. Following ICI treatment, 19 patients were treated with PCE and the remaining 40 with PTX+Cmab. PE-based chemotherapy induced favorable and prompt tumor shrinkage even in cases where ICI was not effective, with a median change in the summed dimensions of target lesions of -43.4%, resulting in an ORR of 62.7%. Median time to response was 1.8 months. The patients in the pembrolizumab cohort appeared to have a numerically higher response rate than those receiving nivolumab (80.0% vs. 56.8%). For the 59 patients, progression-free survival and overall survival, calculated from the initiation of PE-based chemotherapy, were 4.6 months and 17.1 months, respectively. Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 40.7%, and no treatment-related death was observed.ConclusionPE-based chemotherapy following ICI is encouraging for its robust antitumor efficacy in R/M SCCHN.
Motion and dosimetric criteria for selecting gating technique for apical lung lesions in magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy
Authors: Galetto Matteo , Nardini Matteo , Capotosti Amedeo , Meffe Guenda , Cusumano Davide , Boldrini Luca , Chiloiro Giuditta , Romano Angela , Votta Claudio , Gambacorta Maria A. , Indovina Luca , Placidi Lorenzo 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionPatients treatment compliance increases during free-breathing (FB) treatment, taking generally less time and fatigue with respect to deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH). This study quantifies the gross target volume (GTV) motion on cine-MRI of apical lung lesions undergoing a SBRT in a MR-Linac and supports the patient specific treatment gating pre-selection.Material and methodsA total of 12 patients were retrospectively enrolled in this study. During simulation and treatment fractions, sagittal 0.35 T cine-MRI allows real-time GTV motion tracking. Cine-MRI has been exported, and an in-house developed MATLAB script performed image segmentation for measuring GTV centroid position on cine-MRI frames. Motion measurements were performed during the deep inspiration phase of DIBH patient and during all the session for FB patient. Treatment plans of FB patients were reoptimized using the same cost function, choosing the 3 mm GTV-PTV margin used for DIBH patients instead of the original 5 mm margin, comparing GTV and OARs DVH for the different TP.ResultsGTV centroid motion is &lt;2.2 mm in the antero-posterior and cranio-caudal direction in DIBH. For FB patients, GTV motion is lower than 1.7 mm, and motion during the treatment was always in agreement with the one measured during the simulation. No differences have been observed in GTV coverage between the TP with 3-mm and 5-mm margins. Using a 3-mm margin, the mean reduction in the chest wall and trachea–bronchus Dmax was 2.5 Gy and 3.0 Gy, respectively, and a reduction of 1.0 Gy, 0.6 Gy, and 2.3% in Dmax, Dmean, and V5Gy, respectively, of the homolateral lung and 1.7 Gy in the contralateral lung Dmax.DiscussionsCine-MRI allows to select FB lung patients when GTV motion is &lt;2 mm. The use of narrower PTV margins reduces OARs dose and maintains target coverage.
Feasibility of flattening filter free beams for hippocampal avoidance whole-brain radiotherapy: a dosimetric and radiobiological analysis
Authors: Liu Fangyu , Peng Yu , Li Qian , Zhang Qianru , Shi Hongyun , Qie Shuai , Zhang Ruohui 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of the flattening filter free (FFF) mode of a linear accelerator for patients with hippocampal avoidance whole-brain radiotherapy (HA-WBRT) by comparison with flattened beams (FF) technique in the application of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using dosimetric and radiobiological indexes based on the volume of hippocampus and target.Methods2 VMAT- and 2 IMRT- plans were optimized in Eclipse planning system with 2 different delivery modes (6 MV standard vs. 6 MV FFF) for each of 25 patients. Dose distributions of the target and organs at risk (OARs), normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) of the hippocampus, monitor units, treatment time and quality assurance results were evaluated to compare the normal and FFF beam characteristics by Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank test with a significance level of 0.05.ResultsVMAT-FFF provided the significantly best homogeneity and conformity of the target, delivered the lowest dose to hippocampus and the other OARs, and led to the lowest NTCP of the hippocampus among all modalities, which has the potential to alleviate neurocognitive decline after WBRT. IMRT-FFF reduced the dose to the lens with similar dose distributions of the target compared with IMRT-FF, whereas the lower dose to the hippocampus was achieved using the conventional beams. The monitor units were obviously increased by 19.2% for VMAT and 33.8% for IMRT, when FFF beams w ere used. The removal of flattening filter for IMRT resulted in a 26% reduction in treatment time, but VMAT had the similar treatment time for the two modes owing to the limitation of gantry rotation speed. Gamma analysis showed an excellent agreement for all plans at 3%/2 mm, and no statistical differences were found between FF and FFF.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study suggests that FFF mode is feasible and advantageous in HA-WBRT and VMAT-FFF is the optimal solution in terms of dose distribution of the target, OARs sparing, NTCP of the hippocampus and delivery efficiency compared to the other three techniques. Additionally, the advantages of the FFF technique for VMAT are more prominent in cases with small hippocampal volumes.