bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective Effect of Compound Tongluo Decoction on Brain Vascular Endothelial Cells after Ischemia‐Reperfusion by Inhibition of Ferroptosis Through Regulating Nrf2/ARE/SLC7A11 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Peiyi , Wang Zhongda , Zhao Tong , Cheng Xiaolan , Zhang Zhennian , Wang Jingqing , Wang Sulei , Huang Ruiou , Hui Zhen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCerebral infarction is one of the most common diseases for aged people. Compound Tongluo Decoction (CTLD), a classic traditional Chinese Medicine prescription, has been widely used in the treatment of ischemic cerebral infarction. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat model is established for the animal experiment and oxygen‐glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) model are established for the cell experiment. This also use Nrf2‐/‐ rats to detect the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2). Longa score, Evans blue staining, brain water content measurement, and histological observation are done. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and other ferroptosis‐related components are detected respectively. In the vivo experiment, CTLD relieved ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) injury symptoms and attenuated IR injury in brain tissues of tMCAO rats by relieving peroxidation injury in brain tissues and inhibiting ferroptosis in tMCAO rats. Moreover, CTLD reversed OGD/R‐induced oxidative damage of endothelial cells via suppressing ferroptosis. After knocking out the Nrf2 gene, the protective effect of CTLD is sharply reduced. This study put forward that CTLD can inhibit ferroptosis in I/R‐injured vascular endothelium by regulating Nrf2/ARE/SLC7A11 signaling to improve the relative symptoms of rats after cerebral I/R injury, thus providing a viable treatment option for cerebrovascular disease.
The Effect of Parent Cell Type on Small Extracellular Vesicle‐Derived Vehicle Functionality
Authors: Bheri Sruti , Park Hyun‐Ji , Hoffman Jessica R. , Takaesu Felipe , Davis Michael E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCell therapies involving c‐kit+ progenitor cells (CPCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been actively studied for cardiac repair. The benefits of such therapies have more recently been attributed to the release of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from the parent cells. These sEVs are 30−180 nm vesicles containing protein/nucleic acid cargo encapsulated within an amphiphilic bilayer membrane. Despite their pro‐reparative effects, sEV composition and cargo loading is highly variable, making it challenging to develop robust therapies with sEVs. Synthetic alternatives have been developed to allow cargo modulation, including prior work from the laboratory, to design sEV‐like vehicles (ELVs). ELVs are synthesized from the sEV membrane but allow controlled cargo loading. It is previously shown that loading pro‐angiogenic miR‐126 into CPC‐derived ELVs significantly increases endothelial cell angiogenesis compared to CPC‐sEVs alone. Here, they expand on this work to design MSC‐derived ELVs and study the role of the parent cell type on ELV composition and function. It is found that ELV origin does affect the ELV potency and that ELV membrane composition can affect outcomes. This study showcases the versatility of ELVs to be synthesized from different parent cells and highlights the importance of selecting ELV source cells based on the desired functional outcomes.
The Role of the Organic Cation in Developing Efficient Green Perovskite LEDs Based on Quasi‐2D Perovskite Heterostructures
Authors: Ramadan Alexandra J. , Jeong Woo Hyeon , Oliver Robert D. J. , Jiang Junke , Dasgupta Akash , Yuan Zhongcheng , Smith Joel , Lee Jae Eun , Motti Silvia G. , Gough Olivia , Li Zhenlong , Herz Laura M. , Johnston Michael B. , Choi Hyosung , Even Jacky , Katan Claudine , Lee Bo Ram , Snaith Henry J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwo dimensional/three‐dimensional (2D/3D) metal halide perovskite heterostructures have attracted great interest in photovoltaic and light‐emitting diode (LEDs) applications. In both, their implementation results in an improvement in device efficiency yet the understanding of these heterostructures remains incomplete. In this work the role of organic cations, essential for the formation of 2D perovskite structures is unraveled, in a range of metal halide perovskite heterostructures. These heterostructures are used to fabricate efficient green perovskite LEDs and a strong dependence between cation content and device performance is shown. The crystal structure, charge‐carrier transport and dynamics, and the electronic structure of these heterostructures are studied and it is shown that the presence of crystalline 2D perovskite inhibits electron injection and ultimately lowers device performance. This work highlights the importance of optimizing the composition of these heterostructures in ensuring optimal device performance across all parameters and suggests that developing routes to inject charge‐carriers directly into 2D perovskite structures will be important in ensuring the continued development of perovskite LEDs based on these heterostructures.
Mechanistic Insights of Zn‐Ion Storage in Synergistic Vanadium‐Based Composites
Authors: Xing Lingli , Zhang Xinyu , Xu Nuo , Hu Ping , Wang Kun , An Qinyou 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA novel composite material Na2V6O16·3H2O‐AlxV2O5 (NVO‐AVO) is designed and synthesized for the first time in aqueous zinc ion battery cathode. The electrochemical behavior is elucidated in detail using in situ and ex situ techniques. The NVO‐AVO is simple, inexpensive, and safe to fabricate and contributes to the synergistic effect of orthorhombic AlxV2O5 (AVO) and monoclinic Na2V6O16·3H2O (NVO), the NVO‐AVO composites have fast Zn2+ kinetics and exhibit good electrochemical properties. At 300 mA g−1, the specific capacity is as high as 392.5 mA h g−1, and even more excitingly, NVO‐AVO remains a specific capacity of 160.6 mA h g−1 even after 18 300 cycles at 5000 mA g−1, which is significantly better than the stability of both NVO and AVO. The distinctive V3O8 layered structure in Na2V6O16·3H2O facilitates the diffusion of Zn2+, and structural water located between the V3O8 layers facilitates rapid charge transfer by widening the gallery spacing and supposing more storage sites for Zn2+. In addition, AlxV2O5 forms [AlO6] octahedral units that enhance structural stability and play a crucial role in maintaining long‐term cycling stability. This work supports the theoretical basis and technical support for the development and extension studies of new vanadium‐based electrode materials.
Enhanced Electron Delocalization within Coherent Nano‐Heterocrystal Ensembles for Optimizing Polysulfide Conversion in High‐Energy‐Density Li‐S Batteries
Authors: Zhao Zhiqiang , Pan Yukun , Yi Shan , Su Zhe , Chen Hongli , Huang Yanan , Niu Bo , Long Donghui , Zhang Yayun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCommercialization of high energy density Lithium‐Sulfur (Li‐S) batteries is impeded by challenges such as polysulfide shuttling, sluggish reaction kinetics, and limited Li+ transport. Herein, a jigsaw‐inspired catalyst design strategy that involves in situ assembly of coherent nano‐heterocrystal ensembles (CNEs) to stabilize high‐activity crystal facets, enhance electron delocalization, and reduce associated energy barriers is proposed. On the catalyst surface, the stabilized high‐activity facets induce polysulfide aggregation. Simultaneously, the surrounded surface facets with enhanced activity promote Li2S deposition and Li+ diffusion, synergistically facilitating continuous and efficient sulfur redox. Experimental and DFT computations results reveal that the dual‐component hetero‐facet design alters the coordination of Nb atoms, enabling the redistribution of 3D orbital electrons at the Nb center and promoting d‐p hybridization with sulfur. The CNE, based on energy level gradient and lattice matching, endows maximum electron transfer to catalysts and establishes smooth pathways for ion diffusion. Encouragingly, the NbN‐NbC‐based pouch battery delivers a Weight energy density of 357 Wh kg−1, thereby demonstrating the practical application value of CNEs. This work unveils a novel paradigm for designing high‐performance catalysts, which has the potential to shape future research on electrocatalysts for energy storage applications.
Temperature‐Dependent Excitonic Band Gap in Lead‐Free Bismuth Halide Low‐Dimensional Perovskite Single Crystals
Authors: Valastro Salvatore , Gavranovic Stevan , Deretzis Ioannis , Vala Martin , Smecca Emanuele , La Magna Antonino , Alberti Alessandra , Castkova Klara , Mannino Giovanni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, the optical behavior of lead‐free Bi‐based low‐dimensional perovskite single crystals (Cs3Bi2Cl9, Cs3Bi2Br9, Cs3Bi2I9, and MA3Bi2I9) is investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry, supported by X‐ray diffraction and density functional theory calculations. All materials exhibit a strong excitonic peak resulting from photogenerated electron–hole Coulomb interactions, whereas the threshold of continuous absorption is found at higher energies. The resonances of the excitonic and continuous bands, along with exciton binding energies, are extracted through Critical Point Analysis of the ellipsometric data over a wide temperature range (from −90 °C to 90 °C), revealing subtle variations in the optical characteristics for each single crystal. These materials can be applied in optoelectronics as photodetectors because of their high stability and lower toxicity compared to their Pb‐based perovskites.
Long‐Lived UV‐Rewritable Luminescent Memory in a Fluoroperovskite Crystal
Authors: Schuyt Joseph J. , Williams Grant V. M. , Chong Shen V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhotostimulated luminescence phosphors are promising candidates for next‐generation optical data storage devices. Herein, optically‐reversible luminescence modulation is demonstrated using UV wavelengths in the fluoroperovskite RbCdF3:Mn, where the modulation is mediated by photostimulated luminescence processes. UV‐C stimulation enhances the luminescence from Mn2+ centers and simultaneously fills electron traps. This charging process occurs via electron transfer from Mn2+ ions to fluorine vacancies, yielding Mn3+ ions and F‐centers, and is mediated by conduction band transport. UV‐A stimulation restores the material to the initial state. This discharging process occurs via electron transfer from F‐centers to Mn3+ ions and is similarly mediated by conduction band transport. Moreover, the discharging process manifests Mn2+ photostimulated luminescence. The primary trap state has activation energies in the range 1.46 to 1.73 eV and has room temperature lifetimes exceeding 40 000 years. A kinetic model is presented and evaluated that accurately describes the charge transport and luminescence properties of the material. Thus, a material is presented via which ultra‐long term, multi‐level luminescent data storage can be realized, and a model via which precise control over the luminescence modulation and photostimulated luminescence intensities can be achieved.
Two‐Chromatic Printing Creates Skin‐Inspired Geminate Patterns Featuring Crosstalk‐Free Chemical and Physical Colors
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Cui Shuzhen , Qin Lang , Yu Yanlei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSkin‐inspired optical materials that combine both chemical and physical colors provide enhanced information capacity for potential applications in optical multiplexing and anti‐counterfeiting technologies. However, the existing materials suffer from the limitations of an extremely narrow gamut and incompatibility with universal patterning methods to program dual‐mode images. Here, novel two‐chromatic printing technology is proposed to create full‐color, high‐resolution, and geminate patterns by newly designed fluorescent liquid crystal nanocomposites. Such nanocomposites consist of porous cholesteric liquid crystal networks embedded with core–shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots to produce extended wide color palettes of both photoluminescence and Bragg reflection. The drop‐on‐demand two‐chromatic printing technology simultaneously enables the construction and patterning of the nanocomposites in a high‐precision way, orthogonally tuning the hues of two color palettes according to Grassmann's and Bragg's law. Therefore, the combination of different color generation mechanisms offers a versatile toolbox, which can be generalized to pigmentary, photonic, and even dynamic optical materials.
A Hierarchical Mechanotransduction System: From Macro to Micro
Authors: Cao Rong , Tian Huimin , Tian Yan , Fu Xianghui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMechanotransduction is a strictly regulated process whereby mechanical stimuli, including mechanical forces and properties, are sensed and translated into biochemical signals. Increasing data demonstrate that mechanotransduction is crucial for regulating macroscopic and microscopic dynamics and functionalities. However, the actions and mechanisms of mechanotransduction across multiple hierarchies, from molecules, subcellular structures, cells, tissues/organs, to the whole‐body level, have not been yet comprehensively documented. Herein, the biological roles and operational mechanisms of mechanotransduction from macro to micro are revisited, with a focus on the orchestrations across diverse hierarchies. The implications, applications, and challenges of mechanotransduction in human diseases are also summarized and discussed. Together, this knowledge from a hierarchical perspective has the potential to refresh insights into mechanotransduction regulation and disease pathogenesis and therapy, and ultimately revolutionize the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases.
Mapping Cell Atlases at the Single‐Cell Level
Authors: Ye Fang , Wang Jingjing , Li Jiaqi , Mei Yuqing , Guo Guoji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent advancements in single‐cell technologies have led to rapid developments in the construction of cell atlases. These atlases have the potential to provide detailed information about every cell type in different organisms, enabling the characterization of cellular diversity at the single‐cell level. Global efforts in developing comprehensive cell atlases have profound implications for both basic research and clinical applications. This review provides a broad overview of the cellular diversity and dynamics across various biological systems. In addition, the incorporation of machine learning techniques into cell atlas analyses opens up exciting prospects for the field of integrative biology.
Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology
Authors: Chang Haiqing , Chen Erya , Hu Yi , Wu Lining , Deng Liyun , Ye‐Lehmann Shixin , Mao Xiaobo , Zhu Tao , Liu Jin , Chen Chan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAcknowledging the neurological symptoms of COVID‐19 and the long‐lasting neurological damage even after the epidemic ends are common, necessitating ongoing vigilance. Initial investigations suggest that extracellular vesicles (EVs), which assist in the evasion of the host's immune response and achieve immune evasion in SARS‐CoV‐2 systemic spreading, contribute to the virus's attack on the central nervous system (CNS). The pro‐inflammatory, pro‐coagulant, and immunomodulatory properties of EVs contents may directly drive neuroinflammation and cerebral thrombosis in COVID‐19. Additionally, EVs have attracted attention as potential candidates for targeted therapy in COVID‐19 due to their innate homing properties, low immunogenicity, and ability to cross the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) freely. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSCs) secreted EVs are widely applied and evaluated in patients with COVID‐19 for their therapeutic effect, considering the limited antiviral treatment. This review summarizes the involvement of EVs in COVID‐19 neuropathology as carriers of SARS‐CoV‐2 or other pathogenic contents, as predictors of COVID‐19 neuropathology by transporting brain‐derived substances, and as therapeutic agents by delivering biotherapeutic substances or drugs. Understanding the diverse roles of EVs in the neuropathological aspects of COVID‐19 provides a comprehensive framework for developing, treating, and preventing central neuropathology and the severe consequences associated with the disease.
ClAg14(C≡CtBu)12 Nanoclusters as Efficient and Selective Electrocatalysts Toward Industrially Relevant CO2 Conversion
Authors: Seong Hoeun , Chang Kiyoung , Sun Fang , Lee Sojung , Han Sang Myeong , Kim Yujin , Choi Chang Hyuck , Tang Qing , Lee Dongil 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAtomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) have emerged as a promising frontier in the field of electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR) because of their distinctive catalytic properties. Although numerous metal NCs are developed for CO2RR, their use in practical applications has suffered from their low‐yield synthesis and insufficient catalytic activity. In this study, the large‐scale synthesis and electrocatalytic performance of ClAg14(C≡CtBu)12+ NCs, which exhibit remarkable efficiency in catalyzing CO2‐to‐CO electroreduction with a CO selectivity of over 99% are reported. The underlying mechanisms behind this extraordinary CO2RR activity of ClAg14(C≡CtBu)12+ NCs are investigated by a combination of electrokinetic and theoretical studies. These analyses reveal that different active sites, generated through electrochemical activation, have unique adsorption properties for the reaction intermediates, leading to enhanced CO2RR and suppressed hydrogen production. Furthermore, industrially relevant CO2‐to‐CO electroreduction using ClAg14(C≡CtBu)12+ NCs in a zero‐gap CO2 electrolyzer, achieving high energy efficiency of 51% and catalyst activity of over 1400 A g−1 at a current density of 400 mA cm−2 is demonstrated.
Revealing The Morphology of Ink and Aerosol Jet Printed Palladium‐Silver Alloys Fabricated from Metal Organic Decomposition Inks
Authors: Farr Nicholas T.H , Davies Matthew , Nohl James , Abrams Kerry J. , Schäfer Jan , Lai Yufeng , Gerling Torsten , Stehling Nicola , Mehta Danielle , Zhang Jingqiong , Mihaylova Lyudmila , Willmott Jon R. , Black Kate , Rodenburg Cornelia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPalladium films hold signicance due to their remarkable affinity for hydrogen diffusion, rendering them valauble for the seperation and purification of hydrogen in membrane reactors. However, palladium is expensive, and its films can become brittle after only a few cycles of hydrogen separation. Alloying with silver has been shown to overcome the problem of palladium embrittlement. Palladium‐silver films have been produced via several methods but all have drawbacks, such as difficulties controlling the alloy composition. This study explores two promising jet printing methods: Inkjet and Aerosoljet. Both methods offer potential advantages such as direct patterning, which reduces waste, enables thin film production, and allows for the control of alloy composition. For the first time, palladium‐silver alloys have been produced via inkjet printing using a palladium‐silver metal organic decomposition (MOD) ink, which alloys at a temperature of 300 °C with nitrogen. Similarly, this study also demonstrates a pioneering approach for Aerosol Jet printing, showing the potential of a novel room‐temperature method, for the deposition of palladium‐silver MOD inks. This low temperature approach is considered an important development as palladium‐silver MOD inks are originally designed for deposition on heated substrates.
A Horizontally Transferred Plant Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Steers Whitefly Reproduction
Authors: Gong Cheng , Guo Zhaojiang , Hu Yuan , Yang Zezhong , Xia Jixing , Yang Xin , Xie Wen , Wang Shaoli , Wu Qingjun , Ye Wenfeng , Zhou Xuguo , Turlings Ted C. J. , Zhang Youjun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential nutrients for all living organisms. PUFA synthesis is mediated by Δ12 desaturases in plants and microorganisms, whereas animals usually obtain PUFAs through their diet. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is an extremely polyphagous agricultural pest that feeds on phloem sap of many plants that do not always provide them with sufficient PUFAs. Here, a plant‐derived Δ12 desaturase gene family BtFAD2 is characterized in B. tabaci and it shows that the BtFAD2‐9 gene enables the pest to synthesize PUFAs, thereby significantly enhancing its fecundity. The role of BtFAD2‐9 in reproduction is further confirmed by transferring the gene to Drosophila melanogaster, which also increases the fruit fly's reproduction. These findings reveal an extraordinary evolutionary scenario whereby a phytophagous insect acquired a family of plant genes that enables it to synthesize essential nutrients, thereby lessening its nutritional dependency and allowing it to feed and reproduce on many host plants.
BioinspiredLLM: Conversational Large Language Model for the Mechanics of Biological and Bio‐Inspired Materials
Authors: Luu Rachel K. , Buehler Markus J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe study of biological materials and bio‐inspired materials science is well established; however, surprisingly little knowledge is systematically translated to engineering solutions. To accelerate discovery and guide insights, an open‐source autoregressive transformer large language model (LLM), BioinspiredLLM, is reported. The model is finetuned with a corpus of over a thousand peer‐reviewed articles in the field of structural biological and bio‐inspired materials and can be prompted to recall information, assist with research tasks, and function as an engine for creativity. The model has proven that it is able to accurately recall information about biological materials and is further strengthened with enhanced reasoning ability, as well as with Retrieval‐Augmented Generation (RAG) to incorporate new data during generation that can also help to traceback sources, update the knowledge base, and connect knowledge domains. BioinspiredLLM also has shown to develop sound hypotheses regarding biological materials design and remarkably so for materials that have never been explicitly studied before. Lastly, the model shows impressive promise in collaborating with other generative artificial intelligence models in a workflow that can reshape the traditional materials design process. This collaborative generative artificial intelligence method can stimulate and enhance bio‐inspired materials design workflows. Biological materials are at a critical intersection of multiple scientific fields and models like BioinspiredLLM help to connect knowledge domains.
Intense Broadband Emission in the Unconventional 3D Hybrid Metal Halide via High‐Pressure Engineering
Authors: Sun Xuening , Wu Min , Yu Xihan , Li Qian , Xiao Guanjun , Wang Kai , Zou Bo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping hybrid metal halides with self‐trapped exciton (STE) emission is a powerful and promising approach to achieve single‐component phosphors for wide‐color‐gamut display and illumination. Nevertheless, it is difficult to generate STEs and broadband emission in the classical and widely used 3D systems, owing to the great structural connectivity of metal‐halogen networks. Here, high pressure is implemented to achieve dual emission and dramatical emission enhancement in 3D metal halide of [Pb3Br4][O2C(CH2)2CO2]. The pressure‐induced new emission is ascribed to the radiation recombination of STEs from the Pb2Br2O2 tetrahedra with the promoted distortion through the isostructural phase transition. Furthermore, the wide range of emission chromaticity can be regulated by controlling the distortion order of different polyhedral units upon compression. This work not only constructs the relationship between structure and optical behavior of [Pb3Br4][O2C(CH2)2CO2], but also provides new strategies for optimizing broadband emission toward potential applications in solid‐state lighting.