bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closed‐loop of Catalyzed Lactate Oxidization Synergistically Sensitizes Apoptosis and Ferroptosis for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ma Yajun , Chen Jianquan , Yang Yan , Qian Hanqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLactate accumulated in Tumor is a key oncometabolite and associated with various oncogenic processes, including proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, immunosuppression and therapeutic resistance. Particularly, lactate contributes to the apoptosis and ferroptosis resistance in cancer cells. Consequently, blockade of lactate provides a promising opportunity for cancer therapy. However, due to abnormal tumor microenvironment (TME) and intracellular glutathione (GSH) mediated ferroptosis resistance, the current approaches for regulating lactate to sensitize cells to apoptosis and ferroptosis are still challenging. Herein, we developed a catalytic lactate oxidizing liposomes (Lip‐LM) incorporated with lactate oxidase (LOX)‐loaded MnO2 nanoparticles. O2 regenerated from H2O2 constitute closed‐loop of lactate oxidation catalyzed by LOX, enhancing the lactate‐consuming efficacy in TME. Besides, glutathione is consumed by MnO2 to amplify the ferroptosis susceptibility of cancer cells. The results showed that Lip‐LM achieved synergistical apoptosis and ferroptosis to enhance the anti‐tumor efficacy of amplified oxidative stress in cancer cells through the strategy of self‐sufficient O2 supplying and GSH consumption. The results of transcriptomics and proteomics analyses also support the synergistical anti‐tumor mechanisms of Lip‐LM. Hence, it is a promising catalytic nanoplatform combined lactate regulation and oxidative stress amplification and have great potential to further enhance therapeutic outcomes based on synergistical apoptosis and ferroptosis.
Direct Transition‐Metal‐Free Enantioselective Hydroxylation: Expeditious Access to 3‐Functionalized 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles
Authors: Zhao Shouqin , Yang Wen , Lan Yunfei , Zhao Yanteng , Xu Yi , Liu Wanqing , Wang Linlin , Zhou Xin , Yu Changyan , Guo Ting , Yuan Lujiang , Jia Qianfa , Ren Qiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInspired by the ubiquitous prevalence of 3‐hydroxyoxindoles in natural products and pharmaceuticals, we herein disclose a direct and practical transition‐metal‐free asymmetric hydroxylation using commercially available Davis enantiopure oxaziridines as efficient oxidants, expeditiously affording an array of medicinally active 3‐functionalized 3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles bearing quaternary stereocenters. The protocol features cheap reactants, ease of operation, scalability, and good functional‐group tolerance and efficient formal synthesis of natural products.
Varying material thickness of silicone rubber for tunable nitric oxide release
Authors: Maffe Patrick , Devine Ryan , Garren Mark , Handa Hitesh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSilicone rubber (SR), a common medical‐grade polymer used in medical devices, has previously been modified for nitric oxide (NO) releasing capabilities. However, the effects of material properties such as film thickness on NO release kinetics are not well explored. In this study, SR is used in the first analysis of how a polymer's thickness affects the storage and uptake of an NO donor and subsequent release properties. Observed NO release trends show that a polymer's thickness results in tunable NO release. These results indicate how crucial a polymer's thickness is to optimize the NO release in an efficient and effective method.
Evaluation of Kidney Injury Using Arterial Spin Labeling and Blood Oxygen Level‐Dependent MRI: An Experimental Study in Rats With Carbon Tetrachloride‐Induced Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Qin Jiaming , Xie Shuangshuang , Yu Yongquan , Yang Jiaqi , Zhao Yumeng , Qiu Caixin , Li Xiaotian , Zhang Cheng , Hu Zhandong , Tong Dan , Zhu Jinxia , Kuehn Bernd , Shen Wen 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundSerum creatinine (Scr) may be not suited to timely and accurately reflect kidney injury related to chronic liver disease. Currently, the ability of arterial spin labeling (ASL) and blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) sequences to evaluate renal blood flow (RBF) and blood oxygen in chronic liver disease remains to be verified.PurposeTo investigate the value of ASL and BOLD imaging in evaluating hemodynamics and oxygenation changes during kidney injury in an animal model of chronic liver disease.Study TypeProspective.Animal ModelChronic liver disease model was established by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride. Forty‐three male Sprague–Dawley rats (8 weeks) were divided into a pathological group (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks, each group: N = 6) and a continuous‐scanning group (N = 7).Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, ASL, BOLD, and T2W.AssessmentRegions of interest in the cortex (CO), outer stripe of the outer medulla (OSOM), and inner stripe of the outer medulla (ISOM) are manually delineated. The RBF and T2* values at each time point (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks) are measured and compared. Hematoxylin–eosin score (HE Score, damage area scoring method), alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1alpha (HIF‐1α), peritubular capillar (PTC) density, Scr, and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin were harvested.Statistical TestsAnalysis of variance, Spearman correlation analysis, Kruskal–Wallis tests, and receiver operating characteristic analysis with the area under the curve (AUC). A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsRenal RBF and T2* values of CO, OSOM, and ISOM were significantly different from baseline. Both RBF and T2* were significantly correlated with HE Score, α‐SMA, HIF‐1α, and PTC density (|r| = 0.406–0.853). RBF demonstrated superior diagnostic capability in identifying severe kidney injury in this model of chronic liver disease (AUC = 0.964).Data ConclusionImaging by ASL and BOLD may detect renal hemodynamics and oxygenation changes related to chronic liver disease early.Evidence Level5Technical EfficacyStage 2
Climatological features of rapidly intensifying tropical cyclones in the North Indian Ocean
Authors: Ranalkar Manish R. , Giri Ram Kumar , Ray Kamaljit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study investigates the climatological variation of rapidly intensifying tropical cyclones (RITCs) developed in the North Indian Ocean (NIO) using observational and reanalysis data from 1982 to 2020. The analysis reveals that out of 153 tropical cyclones (TC) developed in the NIO, 59 TCs underwent rapid intensification (RI). The monthly variation of RITCs exhibited bimodal distribution with a primary peak in November and a secondary peak in May. The percentage of RITCs during April–June is higher as compared to October–December. The study identifies the core zones of RI initiation in the Arabian Sea (AS) and the Bay of Bengal (BoB), respectively. The occurrences of RITCs over the AS have been observed to increase since 2000. Over 65% of RITCs occurred within 12 h of TC formation, and the duration of RI varies from 24 to 48 h. TCs with lifetime maximum intensity (LMI) less than 55 kt have not undergone RI. The trend in the 95th percentile of 24‐h intensity changes is positive but insignificant (p‐value >0.05) in the AS, and for the BoB, it is negative and significant (p‐value <0.05). We infer that there has been an insignificant increase in the 95th percentile of 24‐h intensity change at the rate of 0.32 kt per year in the AS and a significant decrease in the 95th percentile of 24‐h intensity change at the rate of −0.21 kt per year in the BoB. The analysis further reveals that during the RI phase the composite SST of RITCs exceeds 30°C in the core zone, and the mid‐tropospheric (700–500 hPa) relative humidity at the centre of RITCs is high, preventing the intrusion of dry air from the west and aiding in the sustenance and intensification of TCs. The study not only provides insight into the climatology of RITCs in the NIO but also delineates the interplay of large‐scale atmospheric and oceanic parameters in fostering rapid intensification of TCs.
Understanding the living‐related pediatric liver transplantation donor's decision process: A questionnaire‐based retrospective study
Authors: Jain Shalu , Kumar Karunesh , Malhotra Smita , Venuthurimilli Arun , Goyal Neerav , Sibal Anupam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOBJECTIVESTo analyse the donor characteristics and understand the sociocultural and familial aspects of the decision to donate for living donor liver transplant.METHODSThis is a retrospective study done in the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology of a liver transplant centre. We enrolled the consenting donors of pediatric liver transplantation between January 2020 and January 2022. The study was conducted through an anonymized questionnaire which was drafted in a multiple‐choice format. The questionnaire had three domains having questions pertaining to demographic details, donor characteristics and sociofamilial aspects of the decision‐making process.RESULTSThe study cohort consisted of 50 donors, 23 males (46%) and 27 females (54%), with the mean age being 31.8 ± 5.6 years. Parent‐to‐child was the most frequent relationship (n = 39, 78%). More than half of our donors had annual income <2.5 lakh/annum or <3500 USD (n = 27, 54%). Twenty‐six (52%) responders had >4 members in their family; 62% were residing in urban areas and 52% of the donors were graduates. The main source of information regarding the feasibility of living donor liver transplantation was primary physicians in 46%. Financial management was the main hurdle in 72%. Majority (74%) denied any effect on their marital relationship and 6% of donors thought that the degree of information provided to them before the transplantation regarding donation was insufficient.CONCLUSIONOur study serves as an essential tool for health professionals to provide sufficient support to the donor. Clinical outcomes and cost must be part of the discussion between caregivers, health professionals and fund contributors.
Potential of fermented foods and their metabolites in improving gut microbiota function and lowering gastrointestinal inflammation
Authors: Padhi Srichandan , Sarkar Puja , Sahoo Dinabandhu , Rai Amit Kumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFoods prepared using microbial conversion of major and minor food components, which are otherwise known as fermented foods continue to impact human health. The live microorganisms and transformed metabolites can also have a deep influence on the gut microbiota, the multifaceted population of microorganisms dwelling inside the gut play a key role in wellbeing of an individual. The probiotic strains delivered through the consumption of fermented food and other bioactive components such as polyphenolic metabolites, bioactive peptides, short‐chain fatty acids and others including those produced via gut microbiota mediated transformations have been proposed to balance the gut microbiota diversity and activity, and also to regulate the inflammation in the gut. However, little is known about such effects and only a handful of fermented foods have been explored to date. We herein review the recent knowledge on the dysbiotic gut microbiota linking to major gut inflammatory diseases. Also, evidences that fermented food consumption modulates the gut microbiota, and its impact on the gut inflammation and inflammatory diseases have been discussed. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The response pattern of the microbial community structure and metabolic profile of jiupei to Bacillus subtilis JP1 addition during baijiu fermentation
Authors: Dan Hulin , Song Xuemiao , Xiang Gangxing , Song Chuan , Dai Hancong , Shao Yan , Huang Dan , Luo Huibo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDBaijiu brewing is a complex and multifaceted multimicrobial co‐fermentation process, in which various microorganisms interact to form an interdependent micro‐ecosystem, subsequently influencing metabolic activities and compound production. Among these microorganisms, Bacillus, an important bacterial genus in the liquor brewing process, remains unclear in its role in shaping the brewing microbial community and its functional metabolism.RESULTSA baijiu fermentation system was constructed using B. subtilis JP1 isolated from native jiupei (grain mixture) combined with daqu (a saccharifying agent) and huangshui (a fermentation byproduct). Based on high‐throughput amplicon sequencing analysis, it was evident that B. subtilis JP1 significantly influences bacterial microbial diversity and fungal community structure in baijiu fermentation. Of these, Aspergillus and Monascus emerge as the most markedly altered microbial genera in the jiupei community. Based on co‐occurrence networks and bidirectional orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis models, it was demonstrated that the addition of B. subtilis JP1 intensified microbial interactions in jiupei fermentation, consequently enhancing the production of volatile flavor compounds such as heptanoic acid, butyl hexanoate and 3‐methylthiopropanol in jiupei.CONCLUSIONB. subtilis JP1 significantly alters the microbial community structure of jiupei, enhancing aroma formation during fermentation. These findings will contribute to a broader application in solid‐state fermentation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Polyethylene bearing wear is comparable for cemented and cementless Oxford unicompartmental knee replacements: Ten‐year results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Arthur Lachlan W. , Ghosh Priyanka , Mohammad Hasan R. , Campi Stefano , Kendrick Benjamin J. L. , Murray David W. , Mellon Stephen J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThere is concern that using cementless components may increase polyethylene wear of the Oxford unicompartmental knee replacement (OUKR). Therefore, this study aimed to measure bearing wear at 10 years in patients from a randomized trial comparing Phase 3 cemented and cementless OUKRs and to investigate factors that may affect wear. It was hypothesized that there would be no difference in wear rate between cemented and cementless OUKRs.MethodsBearing thickness was determined using radiostereometric analysis at postoperative, 3‐month, 6‐month, 1‐year, 2‐year, 5‐year and 10‐year timepoints. As creep occurs early, wear rate was calculated using linear regression between 6 months and 10 years for 39 knees (20 cemented, 19 cementless). Associations between wear and implant, surgical and patient factors were analysed.ResultsThe linear wear rate of the Phase 3 OUKR was 0.06 mm/year with no significant difference (p = 0.18) between cemented (0.054 mm/year) and cementless (0.063 mm/year) implants. Age, Oxford Knee Score, component size and bearing thickness had no correlation with wear. A body mass index ≥ 30 was associated with a significantly lower wear rate (p = 0.007) as was having ≥80% femoral component contact area on the bearing (p = 0.003). Bearings positioned ≥1.5 mm from the tibial wall had a significantly higher wear rate (p = 0.002).ConclusionsAt 10 years, the Phase 3 OUKR linear wear rate is low and not associated with the fixation method. To minimize the risk of wear‐related bearing fracture in the very long‐term surgeons should consider using 4 mm bearings in very young active patients and ensure that components are appropriately positioned, which is facilitated by the current instrumentation.Level of EvidenceLevel III, retrospective comparative study.
Monostatic microwave imaging of cancerous breast phantom with a frequency to time domain conversion technique
Authors: Asok Athul O. , S. J. Gokul Nath , Dey Sukomal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe letter presents a method of frequency to time domain conversion of Scattering Parameter data for microwave imaging applications. The time to frequency domain conversion was initially tested in the MATLAB. The testing was conducted in a realistic microwave imaging environment with an antenna and a heterogeneous breast phantom. Note that, the time domain signal obtained from the Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) as well as the time domain signal obtained with the introduced process is similar indicating efficiency of the proposed method. An ultra‐wideband (UWB) signal is transmitted from the transmitting Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna to the breast phantom and the received signals are collected by the same antenna over a monostatic process. A total of 36 antenna rotations were considered while scanning the phantom from various orientations. All the data stored in the VNA is extracted and the proposed frequency to time domain conversion technique was applied to it. Finally, the Delay and Sum beamforming algoirithm was used to reconstruct the target image.
The CAPN3 p.Lys 254del variant is not always associated with dominant CAPN3‐related muscular dystrophy
Authors: Valls Andrea , Gutiérrez‐Gutiérrez Gerardo , Martínez Agustín , Ruiz‐Roldán Cristina , Camaño Pilar , López de Munain Adolfo , Sáenz Amets 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsLimb‐girdle muscular dystrophy R1 (LGMDR1) calpain 3‐related usually presents as a recessively transmitted weakness of proximal limb‐girdle muscles due to pathogenic variants in the CAPN3 gene. Pathogenic variants in this gene have also been found in patients with an autosomal dominantly inherited transmission pattern (LGMDD4). The mechanism underlying this difference in transmission patterns has not yet been elucidated. Camptocormia, progressive limb weakness, myalgia, back pain, and increased CK levels are common clinical features associated with dominant forms. The p.Lys254del pathogenic variant was associated with camptocormia in two LGMDD4 families. This study aimed to present carriers found in recessively transmitted LGMDR1 families bearing the p.Lys254del variant that do not show muscle weakness.MethodsDNA sequencing was performed on exon 5 of CAPN3 in family members to establish the carrier status of the pathogenic variant. They were evaluated clinically and MRI was performed when available.ResultsTwo families presented with the p.Lys254del pathogenic variant in a homozygous or compound heterozygous state. Family members carrying only the pathogenic variant in the heterozygous state did not demonstrate the myopathic characteristics described in dominant patients. Camptocormia and other severe clinical symptoms were not observed.DiscussionWe conclude that the p.Lys254del pathogenic variant per se cannot be solely responsible for camptocormia in dominant patients. Other undisclosed factors may regulate the phenotype associated with the dominant inheritance pattern in CAPN3 pathogenic variant carriers.
Contrast‐free dynamic susceptibility contrast using sinusoidal and bolus oxygenation challenges
Authors: Vu Chau , Shen Jian , Gonzalez‐Zacarias Clio , Xu Botian , Baas Koen , Choi Soyoung , Nederveen Aart , Wood John C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeoxygenation‐based dynamic susceptibility contrast (dDSC) MRI uses respiratory challenges as a source of endogenous contrast as an alternative to gadolinium injection. These gas challenges induce T2*‐weighted MRI signal losses, after which tracer kinetics modeling was applied to calculate cerebral perfusion. This work compares three gas challenges, desaturation (transient hypoxia), resaturation (transient normoxia), and SineO2 (sinusoidal modulation of end‐tidal oxygen pressures) in a cohort of 10 healthy volunteers (age 37 ± 11 years; 60% female). Perfusion estimates consisted of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT). Calculations were computed using a traditional tracer kinetics model in the time domain for desaturation and resaturation and in the frequency domain for SineO2. High correlations and limits of agreement were observed among the three deoxygenation‐based paradigms for CBV, although MTT and CBF estimates varied with the hypoxic stimulus. Cross‐modality correlation with gadolinium DSC was lower, particularly for MTT, but on a par with agreement between the other perfusion references. Overall, this work demonstrated the feasibility and reliability of oxygen respiratory challenges to measure brain perfusion. Additional work is needed to assess the utility of dDSC in the diagnostic evaluation of various pathologies such as ischemic strokes, brain tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Role function and job satisfaction of community nurses in China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: He Yuxin , Guo Yan , Guo Xiaoyuan , Han Na , Xin Bo , Wu Yixin , Wan Qiuyuan , Shi Panpan , Yang Shan , Ksebe Waleed , Jiang Wenhui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate role function and job satisfaction, determine their relationship, and explore the factors influencing job satisfaction among community nurses in China.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsThis study was conducted between March and June 2020 on a cluster random sampling of 302 community nurses from 24 community health centres and stations in Xi'an, China. Self‐reported data were collected using the Demographics Questionnaire, Role Function of Community Nurses Questionnaire, and Job Satisfaction of Community Nurses Scale. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to analyse data.ResultsCommunity nurses' main role function was organiser and manager (M = 2.56, SD = 0.987) and coordinator (M = 2.43, SD = 0.971). The lowest job satisfaction was for salary and benefits (M = 3.12, SD = 0.891) and personal development (M = 3.65, SD = 0.738). A positive correlation was found between the roles of caregiver, educator, navigator, and salary and benefits (p < 0.05) among community nurses. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that monthly income and working experience in nursing explained 61.1% of the variance in job satisfaction.
Multiple myeloma in the mandible mimicking a radicular cyst: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shimada Yasuyuki , Miyazaki Hideki , Hangaishi Akira , Maruoka Yutaka 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a hematopoietic malignancy characterized by monoclonal plasma cell proliferation. Mandibular involvement in patients with MM is rare, and its clinical and radiological characteristics remain unclear.Case PresentationA 78‐year‐old man presented with MM in the mandible, mimicking a radicular cyst. Chemotherapy yielded a poor prognosis, and the patient died 1.5 years post‐diagnosis. Literature suggests that jawbone involvement of MM is a poor prognostic factor.ConclusionThis report highlights the features of MM in the jawbone, and its variable manifestation, which may include non‐neoplastic findings, thus emphasizing the importance of a definitive biopsy‐based diagnosis.
Convolutional neural network based on the fusion of image classification and segmentation module for weed detection in alfalfa
Authors: Yang Jie , Chen Yong , Yu Jialin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAccurate and reliable weed detection in real time is essential for realizing autonomous precision herbicide application. The objective of this research was to propose a novel neural network architecture to improve the detection accuracy for broadleaf weeds growing in alfalfa.RESULTSA novel neural network, ResNet‐101‐segmentation, was developed by fusing an image classification and segmentation module with the backbone selected from ResNet‐101. Compared with existing neural networks (AlexNet, GoogLeNet, VGG16, and ResNet‐101), ResNet‐101‐segmentation improved the detection of Carolina geranium, catchweed bedstraw, mugwort and speedwell from 78.27% to 98.17%, from 79.49% to 98.28%, from 67.03% to 96.23%, and from 75.95% to 98.06%, respectively. The novel network exhibited high values of confusion matrices (>90%) when trained with sufficient data sets.CONCLUSIONResNet‐101‐segmentation demonstrated excellent performance compared with existing models (AlexNet, GoogLeNet, VGG16, and ResNet‐101) for detecting broadleaf weeds growing in alfalfa. This approach offers a promising solution to increase the accuracy of weed detection, especially in cases where weeds and crops have similar plant morphology. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.