bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and investigation of external reproduction tract mycoflora in healthy male cats
Authors: Garoussi Massoud Talebkhan , Sharifzadeh Aghil , Khodabakhsh Mahssa , Malmasi Abdol Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundVarious infectious agents can infect the male reproductive system.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to provide current data on fungal and yeast flora of the external organs of reproductive system of male short hair cats including penis and prepuce.MethodsIn total 28 samples were taken from external genital system of male stray cats using sterilised cotton swabs. Samples were taken based on the absence of any reproductive complications using physical examinations. The samples were transferred to sterilised Stuart transport media and were then incubated in the Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol at 32°C for 48 h. The identification of fungi and yeasts was confirmed by germ tube formation test, CHROM agar, urease testing and Corn meal agar medium with Tween 80.ResultsFungal agents were isolated from 7 (25%) out of 28 male stray cats. Fungal isolates were obtained from the penis and prepuce of 4 (36%) and 7 (100%) male cats, respectively. The most commonly recovered species samples were Candida krusei (3.75%) and Penicillum spp. (6.86%) from the penis and prepuce of the cats, respectively. The external organs of male reproduction of cats were infected with 2–4 different fungal agents. Only 5 (45%) cats were infected with one fungus; however, in 6 (55%) cats, mixed fungal infections were isolated. Cats 3–4 years old had the highest fungal contamination in the prepuce region (4/7), while the penis at this age had the least contamination (1/4).ConclusionsIt is concluded that the external reproduction organs of male cats could be infected by different fungal agents.
Right‐sided colonic diverticulitis. Short and long‐term surgical outcomes and 2‐year quality of life
Authors: Lauricella Sara , Brucchi Francesco , Palmisano Dario , Baldazzi Gianandrea , Bottero Luca , Cassini Diletta , Faillace Giuseppe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimWe aimed to investigate the short and the long‐term outcomes and 2‐year Quality of Life (QoL) of patients with right‐sided colonic diverticulitis (RCD) surgically managed.MethodWe conducted an ambidirectional cohort study of patients with RCD undergoing surgery between 2012/2022. A colonoscopy was performed at 1‐year post surgery. The enrolled patients completed the EuroQoL (EQ‐5D‐3L) during a regular follow‐up visit at 12 and 24 months after surgery.ResultsThree hundred nineteen patients with RCD were selected: 223 (70%) patients were treated by non‐operative management (NOM) while 33 underwent surgery. Acute diverticulitis occurred in 30 patients: 9 (27.2%) were classified by CT as uncomplicated and 21 (63.6%) as complicated diverticulitis. Additionally, chronic diverticulitis occurred in 3 cases (9.2%). Specifically, 27 patients were classified by CT as 1a (81.8%) and 6 patients as 3 (18.2%). Right hemicolectomy was performed in 30 patients (90.8%), and ileo‐caecectomy in 3 (9.2%). Nine (27.27%) experienced postoperative complications: 7 (77.7%) were classified according to the Clavien‐Dindo as grade I‐II, and 2 (22.2%) as grade III. No disease recurrence or colorectal cancer (CRC) was detected on colonoscopy. Thirty (90.8%) patients completed the 24‐month follow‐up. A statistically significant difference between preoperative and 24‐month QoL index values (median 0.72; IQR = 0.57–0.8 vs. median 0.9; IQR = 0.82–1; p = 0.0003) was observed.ConclusionsThe study results demonstrate satisfactory surgical outcomes and a better QoL after surgery. No disease recurrence or CRC was observed at colonoscopy 1 year after surgery.
Carrollian conformal correlators and massless scattering amplitudes
Authors: Nguyen Kevin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The theory of particle scattering is concerned with transition amplitudes between states that belong to unitary representations of the Poincaré group. The latter acts as the isometry group of Minkowski spacetime 𝕄, making natural the introduction of relativistic tensor fields encoding the particles of interest. Since the Poincaré group also acts as a group of conformal isometries of null infinity ℐ, massless particles can also be very naturally encoded into Carrollian conformal fields living on ℐ. In this work we classify the two- and three-point correlation functions such Carrollian conformal fields can have in any consistent quantum theory of massless particles and arbitrary dimension. We then show that bulk correlators of massless fields in 𝕄 explicitly reduce to these Carrollian conformal correlators when evaluated on ℐ, although in the case of time-ordered bulk correlators this procedure appears singular at first sight. However we show that the Carrollian correlators of the descendant fields are perfectly regular and precisely carry the information about the corresponding S-matrix elements.
The indirect effects of CMV reactivation on patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: an evidence mapping
Authors: Wu Xiaojin , Ma Xiao , Song Tiemei , Liu Jie , Sun Yi , Wu Depei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains a challenging problem, and the impact on the risk of overall mortality (OM) and non-relapse mortality (NRM) in patients following allo-HSCT is still controversial. Utilizing the evidence mapping method, we aimed to assess the effect of CMV infection on outcomes of patients post-transplantation and identify research gaps through systematic reviews (SRs) and clinical studies. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane library databases were searched from inception until 5 July 2022 to identify relevant literature. After systematic literature screening and data extraction, evidence mapping of the effects of CMV reactivation on patients post-allo-HSCT was conducted. Three SRs and 22 clinical studies were included. In one SR, CMV reactivation was associated with an increased risk of mortality (HR 1.46; 95% CI, 1.24–1.72; P ≤ 0.001). In two SRs, CMV reactivation was associated with NRM. One SR reported CMV reactivation was potentially associated with significant protection against relapse in patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), but no significant correlation with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was found. Lastly, in one SR CMV reactivation significantly increased the risk of invasive fungal disease (IFD). Most clinical articles reported that CMV reactivation increased the risk of renal dysfunction, poor graft function, re-hospitalization, and bacterial infections. CMV reactivation following allo-HSCT is associated with an increased risk of OM, NRM, IFD, and renal dysfunction, as well as a reduced risk of relapse in patients with AML.
Generation mechanism and temporal–spatial evolution of electron excitation induced by an ultrashort pulse laser in zirconia ceramic
Authors: Wei Chaoran , Zhang Yanming , Sugita Naohiko , Ito Yusuke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFemtosecond lasers have been applied in the machining of zirconia ($${{\textrm{ZrO}}_2}$$

ZrO
2

) ceramics because of their ultrashort pulse duration and high peak power. However, the high-precision micromachining of zirconia remains challenging owing to an unclear understanding of the ultrafast laser–material interaction mechanisms. In this study, the transient processing phenomenon induced by a femtosecond laser pulse, namely electron excitation (filament), occurring on a picosecond to nanosecond timescale, was directly observed and quantitatively investigated inside $${{\textrm{ZrO}}_2}$$

ZrO
2

. A pump-probe imaging method comprising a focusing probe beam integrated with a high-speed camera was used. The evolution process, type variation, and related interaction mechanisms of the filament were revealed under different parameters, including laser pulse energy, sample position, and pulse duration. Finally, the generation mechanism of multiple filaments was clarified and successfully elucidated. This study reveals the ultrafast laser–material interaction mechanisms and the high-precision processing in the laser drilling of zirconia ceramics.
Drivers of marine heatwaves in a stratified marginal sea
Authors: Gröger Matthias , Dutheil Cyril , Börgel Florian , Meier Markus H. E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMarine heatwaves (MHWs) can cause devastating impacts in coastal marine ecosystems, particularly in shallow marginal seas, thereby making the understanding of the drivers of these events of paramount importance. Here, drivers for summer and winter MHWs are explored for the period 1980–2016 in the Baltic Sea, a mid-latitude marginal sea with a permanent haline water-column stratification located on the northwestern European shelf. It was found that summer MHWs are mainly forced by local meteorological conditions over the open water. They are caused by a dominant blocking over Scandinavia promoting anomalous strong shortwave downflux, calm winds, and low vertical mixing with colder sub-thermocline waters. Wintertime MHWs are linked to the advection of warm and moist air originating from the North Atlantic. These air masses lower the oceanic net heat loss at the sea surface primarily in the form of reduced latent and sensible heat losses. Vertical ocean dynamics are also affected during winter MHWs. This study finds a strengthened coastal up- and downwelling due to anomalous strong westerly winds during the time before MHWs culminate in their maximal surface extension.
Central and mixed apneas in children with obstructive sleep apnea: effect of adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Antunes Joselina , Carvalho João , Marinho Carolina , Vanderpoorten Sofie , Adónis Cristina , Freire Filipe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Investigate the effect of adenotonsillectomy on mixed apnea index (MAI) and central apnea index (CAI) in children with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods
Observational retrospective analysis of polysomnographic data in children diagnosed with moderate-to-severe OSAS and without comorbidity, submitted to adenotonsillectomy.

Results
Data were available for 80 children, 55 boys and 25 girls, with a median age of 3.6 years (2.1–5.9). Before surgery AHI was 14.1 (11.0–18.4) per hour, with a median preoperative OAI of 7.1 (4.1–10.6), MAI of 1.2 (0.6–1.6) and CAI of 1.0 (0.4–2.0). Adenotonsillectomy caused significant improvements in MAI, from 1.2 (0.6–1.6) to 0.5 (0.1–0.8) (p < 0.001) and CAI from 1.0 (0.4–2.0) to 0.5 (0.1–0.9) (p < 0.001). This represents a normalization of MAI in 91.7% and CAI in 75.6% of children that had an abnormal value prior surgery.

Conclusion
Non obstructive apneas are common in children with OSAS. Adenotonsillectomy caused significant decrease not only in OAI, but also in MAI and CAI in children with moderate-to-severe OSAS.
Current challenges and practical aspects of molecular pathology for bone and soft tissue tumors
Authors: de Álava Enrique 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis review shows the extraordinary change molecular pathology has induced in the classification, diagnosis, and clinical practice of molecular pathologists dealing with sarcomas. We have primarily focused on the practical aspects of molecular studies and the current and mid-term challenges for our subspecialty, ending with ten tips for the next generation of sarcoma molecular pathologists.
The success rate and complications of midline catheters in pediatric outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT)
Authors: Fläring Urban , Lundevall Henrik , Norberg Åke , Andersson Andreas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The use of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) for children has several advantages, including reduced length of hospital stay and costs. A reliable vascular access is key to delivering safe and effective pediatric OPAT. In recent years, midline catheters (MC) have been increasingly used for short-term intravenous antibiotic therapy in children. However, there are no studies investigating the use of MCs in the OPAT setting. The main aim of this paper was to evaluate the success and complications of using MCs for pediatric OPAT. This was a retrospective cohort study from a tertiary academic pediatric hospital. All MCs inserted at the hospital and used for OPAT were eligible for study inclusion. The primary objective was to describe the percentage of patients able to complete OPAT without the need for additional venous access. Forty-one MCs were included in the study. Patient mean (SD) age was 5.9 (4.9) years. In 31 cases (76%, 95% CI 62–86%), the iv therapy could be successfully completed using only the MC. Imbalances between the groups suggested unfavorable outcome for saphenous vein catheters as well as for shorter and smaller-sized catheters. Fourteen patients (34%) were subjected to a MC-related complication. Pain on injection in the MC was the most frequent complication (n = 10, 24%).
Conclusion: Midline catheters could be an alternative to central venous access for pediatric OPAT. Avoiding saphenous vein insertion and using longer and larger-sized catheters could increase MC success rate. No severe MC-related complication was found. Further randomized studies comparing different catheter types are needed.

What is Known:• For selected patients, pediatric outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is safe and provides health-economic, psychosocial, and medical advantages compared to in-hospital care.• A reliable venous access is one of the key factors to the success of OPAT, but this can be a challenge in children.

What is New:• Using midline catheters, 76% of patients could complete their intended iv therapy without the need for additional venous access. Avoiding saphenous vein insertion and using longer and larger-sized catheters could increase the success rate.• Thirty-four percent of catheters were subject to some kind of complication, the most common being pain on injection in the catheter.
From Wire to Component: Aluminium Lithium Alloy Development for Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Eimer Eloise , Ding Jialuo , Williams Stewart 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Innovative Aluminium filler Wires for Aircraft Structures (IAWAS) project aimed to demonstrate the potential of Wire Arc Additive Manufacture (WAAM) for the production of aluminium lithium components. Preliminary testing demonstrated the possibility of depositing an 2395 aluminium lithium filler wire using a plasma arc heat source and a local shielding device. The deposit had a low porosity level but also low ductility caused by long, vertical, segregated grain boundaries. Both chemical composition and deposition conditions are known to impact the deposit microstructure. In-situ alloying, an efficient technique to develop new material, was implemented using plasma arc as a heat source on aluminium lithium alloys. The results aligned with the literature review on the impact of copper on crack sensitivity and led to the design of a new alloy. Unfortunately, the composition selected yielded challenges during the drawing process, and the filler material quality was poor, leading to a low WAAM deposit quality. Machine hammer peening was implemented on the AA2395 alloy, resulting in a drastic increase in ductility and yield strength of 480 MPa after solution treatment and ageing. This alloy was used to manufacture an aluminium lithium demonstrator to showcase the potential of WAAM to produce real-life components.
YOLO-based CAD framework with ViT transformer for breast mass detection and classification in CESM and FFDM images
Authors: Hassan Nada M. , Hamad Safwat , Mahar Khaled 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBreast cancer detection is considered a challenging task for the average experienced radiologist due to the variation of the lesions’ size and shape, especially with the existence of high fibro-glandular tissues. The revolution of deep learning and computer vision contributes recently in introducing systems that can provide an automated diagnosis for breast cancer that can act as a second opinion for doctors/radiologists. The most of previously proposed deep learning-based Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems mainly utilized Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) that focuses on local features. Recently, vision transformers (ViT) have shown great potential in image classification tasks due to its ability in learning the local and global spatial features. This paper proposes a fully automated CAD framework based on YOLOv4 network and ViT transformers for mass detection and classification of Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) images. CESM is an evolution type of Full Field Digital Mammography (FFDM) images that provides enhanced visualization for breast tissues. Different experiments were conducted to evaluate the proposed framework on two different datasets that are INbreast and CDD-CESM that provides both FFDM and CESM images. The model achieved at mass detection a mean Average Precision (mAP) score of 98.69%, 81.52%, and 71.65% and mass classification accuracy of 95.65%, 97.61%, and 80% for INbreast, CE-CESM, and DM-CESM, respectively. The proposed framework showed competitive results regarding the state-of-the-art models in INbreast. It outperformed the previous work in the literature in terms of the F1-score by almost 5% for mass detection in CESM. Moreover, the experiments showed that the CESM could provide more morphological features that can be more informative, especially with the highly dense breast tissues.
Platelet-rich fibrin for rehydration and pre-vascularization of an acellular, collagen membrane of porcine origin
Authors: Schröger Saskia-Vanessa , Blatt Sebastian , Sagheb Kawe , Al-Nawas Bilal , Kämmerer Peer W. , Sagheb Keyvan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Pre-vascularization of the collagen membranes with autologous platelet concentrates is a standard procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This study analyzed the possible interaction of an acellular collagen membrane of porcine origin (NM) with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) regarding its rehydration protocol with differences in pH values and effect on angiogenesis.

Materials and methods
NM was analyzed alone and combined with solid PRF by plotting or co-culturing with injectable PRF. Different media (venous blood, buffer solution with a fixed pH value of 7, saline solution, and injectable PRF) were used to analyze the influence on pH value during rehydration. Chorion allantois membrane assay (CAM) was applied to check pro-angiogenic effects after 24, 48, and 72 h, followed by immunohistochemical analysis.

Results
Rehydration in injectable PRF showed acidity over time (p < 0.05). A definite pro-angiogenic effect of NM alone was found regarding neo-vessel formation supported by the respective light microscopically analysis without significant differences to PRF alone (p > 0.005). This pro-angiogenic effect could not be exaggerated when NM was combined with liquid/solid PRF (each p > 0.005).

Conclusions
Rehydration with liquid PRF of the collagen membrane results in acidity compared to a saline solution or patient’s blood. The significant pro-angiogenic potential of the membrane alone resulted in enhanced neo-vessel formation that could not be optimized with the addition of PRF.

Clinical relevance statement
Using injectable PRF for rehydration protocol of the collagen membrane leads to acidosis that can ultimately optimize wound healing. Differences in the physio-mechanical interplay of collagen matrices and autologous platelet concentrates must result in clinical algorithms if pre-vascularization can maximize outcomes.
MAD risk parity portfolios
Authors: Ararat Çağın , Cesarone Francesco , Pınar Mustafa Çelebi , Ricci Jacopo Maria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the features and the performance of the risk parity (RP) portfolios using the mean absolute deviation (MAD) as a risk measure. The RP model is a recent strategy for asset allocation that aims at equally sharing the global portfolio risk among all the assets of an investment universe. We discuss here some existing and new results about the properties of MAD that are useful for the RP approach. We propose several formulations for finding MAD-RP portfolios computationally, and compare them in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Furthermore, we provide extensive empirical analysis based on three real-world datasets, showing that the performances of the RP approaches generally tend to place both in terms of risk and profitability between those obtained from the minimum risk and the Equally Weighted strategies.
Endosomal recycling inhibitors downregulate estrogen receptor-alpha and synergise with endocrine therapies
Authors: Fletcher Kelsey A. , Alkurashi Mai H. , Lindsay Andrew J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer (BC) accounts for roughly 30% of new cancers diagnosed in women each year; thus, this cancer type represents a substantial burden for people and health care systems. Despite the existence of effective therapies to treat BC, drug resistance remains a problem and is a major cause of treatment failure. Therefore, new drugs and treatment regimens are urgently required to overcome resistance. Recent research indicates that inhibition of the endosomal recycling pathway, an intracellular membrane trafficking pathway that returns endocytosed proteins back to the plasma membrane, may be a promising strategy to downregulate clinically relevant cell surface proteins such as HER2 and HER3, and to overcome drug resistance.

Methods
To investigate the molecular mechanism of action of an endosomal recycling inhibitor (ERI) called primaquine, we performed a reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) assay using a HER2-positive breast cancer cell line. The RPPA findings were confirmed by Western blot and RT-qPCR in several BC cell lines. Novel drug combinations were tested by MTT cell viability and clonogenic assays.

Results
Among the signalling molecules downregulated by ERIs were estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) and androgen receptor. We confirmed this finding in other breast cancer cell lines and show that downregulation occurs at the transcriptional level. We also found that ERIs synergise with tamoxifen, a standard-of-care therapy for breast cancer.

Discussion
Our data suggest that combining ERIs with hormone receptor antagonists may enhance their efficacy and reduce the emergence of drug resistance.