bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sviluppo Sostenibile E Transizione Giusta: Il Diritto Del Lavoro Alla Prova Del Limite
Authors: Martelloni Federico 
Published: November 2023

L’articolo metta tema i concetti di sviluppo sostenibile e transizione giusta, chiarendo che essi presuppongono, nell’era dell’Antropocene, una trasformazione radicale nel modello di sviluppo, in grado di conciliare la tutela del lavoro e quella dell’ambiente. Dopo aver esaminato le principali tappe dell’evoluzione normativa sovranazionale, l’A. segnala le più rilevanti innovazioni che si sono prodotte, nell’arco dell’ultimo ventennio, nei sistemi giuridici nazionali e regionali. Al contempo, a partire dalle riflessioni di Alain Supiot in tema di giustizia, lavoro e ambiente, l’A. si concentra sulla nozione di “limite”, e individua alcune parole-chiave (rischio, responsabilità e solidarietà) utili a disegnare la cornice nella quale dovrebbero operare le organizzazioni sindacali, le istituzioni e le imprese al fine di promuovere, in modo efficace, una Just transition non più rinviabile.
Newton–Okounkov bodies and symplectic embeddings into nontoric rational surfaces
Authors: Chaidez Julian , Wormleighton Ben 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe develop new methods of both constructing and obstructing symplectic embeddings into nontoric rational surfaces using the theory of Newton–Okoukov bodies. Applications include sharp embedding results for concave toric domains into nontoric rational surfaces, and new cases of nonexistence for infinite staircases in the nontoric setting.
Genomic epidemiology of
Acinetobacter baumannii
goes global
Authors: Castillo-Ramírez Santiago 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a major public health concern, for which many genomic epidemiology studies have been conducted in the last decade. However, the vast majority of these are local studies focusing on hospitals from one or a few countries. Proper global genomic epidemiology studies are needed if we are to understand the worldwide dissemination of
A. baumannii
clones. In this regard, a recent study published in mBio is a good step forward. Müller et al. (mBio e2260-23, 2023,
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02260-23
) sequenced the genomes of 313 carbapenem-resistant
A. baumannii
isolates from over 100 hospitals in almost 50 countries from Africa, Asia, Europe, and The Americas. With this data set the authors provide an updated view of the global distribution of the major international clones and their carbapenemase genes. Future global genomic epidemiology studies can be enhanced by considering not only human but also non-human isolates, and by considering isolates despite their antibiotic resistance profile.
Thermodynamics of novel scalar–tensor-Born–Infeld black holes
Authors: Dehghani M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTwo novel classes of four-dimensional exact black hole (BH) solutions have been obtained in the scalar–tensor (ST) theory which are coupled to Born–Infeld (BI) electrodynamics. To this end, a conformal transformation (CT) has been applied which transforms the action of ST–BI gravity to that of Einstein–dilaton–BI theory. The scalar-coupled BI theory, which has been introduced here, slightly differs from those have been used, previously. The analytical solutions have been obtained in the Einstein frame (EF) and two classes of charged dilatonic BHs, with unusual asymptotic behaviors, have been presented. All the solutions coincide with the corresponding values of Einstein–dilaton–Maxwell theory, in the limit of large BI parameter. By calculating thermodynamic parameters and, noting the Smarr mass relation, we showed that the first law of BH thermodynamics (FLT) is valid for the novel dilatonic BHs. Stability of the BHs has been investigated in EF, making use of the canonical ensemble method and noting the signature of the BH heat capacity (HC). Next, by use of the inverse CT, the solutions of ST theory have been obtained from their EF counterparts. Although, the entropy of ST BHs violates entropy-area law, the thermodynamic and conserved quantities have been obtained noting their conformal invariance property. It has been found that the ST BHs have the same thermodynamic and stability properties as the Einstein–dilaton ones.
Unraveling T-cell Exhaustion: Genetic Screening Meets In Vitro Modeling
Authors: Schmid Dominic , Auf der Maur Priska , Trefny Marcel P. , Zippelius Alfred 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
T-cell exhaustion poses a significant barrier to the efficacy of immunotherapies. In the past decade, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has been the leading strategy to prevent or reverse T-cell exhaustion. Although ICB yields promising clinical outcomes in patients with cancer, its impact on T-cell reinvigoration is often short-lived. High-throughput genomic tools, including CRISPR screening along with single-cell RNA and chromatin accessibility sequencing may point toward new therapeutic avenues. However, their utility in identifying key mediators of T-cell exhaustion is constrained by the restricted scalability of well-validated in vivo exhaustion models, like chronic LCMV infection. In a recent article in Science Immunology, Wu and colleagues introduce an in vitro exhaustion model that involves repetitive stimulation of T-cell receptor-transgenic, LCMV-specific P14 CD8 T cells. This approach enables a direct comparison of exhausted T (Tex) cells generated both in vivo and in vitro using the same antigen, adeptly pinpointing exhaustion features that can be recapitulated in vitro. Leveraging this efficient and scalable model alongside CRISPR screening, the authors highlight the transcription factor BHLHE40 as a pivotal element in promoting Tex-cell transition from progenitor to intermediate Tex cells.
Sea Ice and Cloud Processes Mediating Compensation between Atmospheric and Oceanic Meridional Heat Transports across the CMIP6 Preindustrial Control Experiment
Authors: Kurtakoti Prajvala , Weijer Wilbert , Veneziani Milena , Rasch Philip J. , Verma Tarun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bjerknes compensation (BJC) refers to the anticorrelation observed between atmospheric and oceanic heat transport (AHT/OHT) variability, particularly on decadal to longer time scales that may be important to the predictability of the climate system. This study investigates the spread in BJC across fully coupled simulations of phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and critical processes (particularly related to sea ice and clouds) that may contribute to that spread. BJC on decadal to longer time scales is confirmed across all the simulations evaluated, and it is strongest in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) between 60° and 70°N. At these latitudes, BJC appears to be primarily driven by the exchange of turbulent fluxes (sensible and latent) in the Greenland, Iceland, and Barents Seas. Metrics to break down how sea ice and clouds uniquely modify the radiative balance of the polar atmosphere during anomalous OHT events are presented. These metrics quantify the impacts of sea ice and clouds on surface and top of atmosphere (latent, sensible, longwave, and shortwave radiative) energy fluxes. Cloud responses tend to counter the clear sky impacts over the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ). It is further shown that the degree of BJC present in a simulation at high latitudes is heavily influenced by the sensitivity of the sea ice to OHT, which is most influential over the MIZ. These results are qualitatively robust across models and explain the intermodel spread in NH BJC in the preindustrial control experiment.
An Observational, Irrigation-Sensitive Agricultural Drought Record from Weather Data
Authors: Tang Lois I. , McColl Kaighin A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The historical rise of irrigation has profoundly mitigated the effect of drought on agriculture in many parts of the United States. While irrigation directly alters soil moisture, meteorological drought indices ignore the effects of irrigation, since they are often based on simple water balance models that neglect the irrigation input. Reanalyses also largely neglect irrigation. Other approaches estimate the evaporative fraction (EF), which is correlated with soil moisture under water-limited conditions typical of droughts, with lower values corresponding to drier soils. However, those approaches require satellite observations of land surface temperature, meaning they cannot be used to study droughts prior to the satellite era. Here, we use a recent theory of land–atmosphere coupling—surface flux equilibrium (SFE) theory—to estimate EF from readily available observations of near-surface air temperature and specific humidity with long historical records. In contrast to EF estimated from a reanalysis that largely neglects irrigation, the SFE-predicted EF is greater at irrigated sites than at nonirrigated sites during droughts, and its historical trends are typically consistent with the spatial distribution of irrigation growth. Two sites at which SFE-predicted EF unexpectedly rises in the absence of changes in irrigation can be explained by increased flooding due to human interventions unrelated to irrigation (river engineering and the expansion of fish hatcheries). This work introduces a new method for quantifying agricultural drought prior to the satellite era. It can be used to provide insight into the role of irrigation in mitigating drought in the United States over the twentieth century.

Significance Statement
Irrigation grew profoundly in the United States over the twentieth century, increasing the resilience of American agriculture to drought. Yet observational records of agricultural drought, and its response to irrigation, are limited to the satellite era. Here, we show that a common measure of agricultural drought (the evaporative fraction, EF) can be estimated using widespread weather data, extending the agricultural drought record decades further back in time. We show that EF estimated using our approach is both sensitive and specific to the occurrence of irrigation, unlike an alternative derived from a reanalysis.
Brachial plexus block using only 1% lidocaine to reduce pain during the endovascular treatment of dysfunctional arteriovenous access
Authors: Park Sung-Joon , Chung Hwan Hoon , Lee Yun Hak , Lee Hyoung Nam , Cho Youngjong , Lee Sangjoon , Lee Seung Hwa , Yang Woo Young 
Published: November 2023

Background: Interventional endovascular treatments of dysfunctional arteriovenous (AV) access for hemodialysis can cause pain and discomfort to the patients. Ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block (BPB) is an alternative regional anesthesia method, but conventional BPB using ropivacaine or bupivacaine may cause long-lasting motor power loss, significantly reducing patient satisfaction. This study aimed to introduce BPB using only 1% lidocaine, which induces sensory loss while minimizing motor block, and evaluate the efficacy and safety of this procedure. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 277 consecutive patients with dysfunctional AV access requiring percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Of these, 174 patients underwent the BPB procedure using 1% lidocaine. Time data were recorded, and the motor strength grade (MRC scale, grade 0–5) was evaluated. Numeric rating pain score (NRPS, grade 0–10) was asked during every PTA, and overall NRPS and satisfaction scores (scale 1–3) were asked after the procedure was completed. Results: Of the 174 patients who received BPB, the success rate was 100%, and there were no significant complications related to BPB. The MRC scale measured at the time when the complete sensory loss was achieved was 1.99 ± 0.63, and that at the point of sensory recovery when the block effect expired was 3.93 ± 0.62, indicating a good grade of motor strength. The average NRPS during PTA in the BPB group was significantly lower than that of the control group without BPB (1.04 ± 2.04vs 6.30 ± 2.71, p < 0.001). The overall satisfaction score was significantly higher in the BPB group than in the control group (2.79 ± 0.50vs 2.00 ± 0.81, p < 0.001). Conclusions: BPB using only 1% lidocaine can induce a sensory block while minimizing the effect on motor function. It can be applied safely in an outpatient clinic setting with relatively higher satisfaction.
Efficacy of endoscopic gastrojejunal bypass in obese Yucatan pigs: a comparative animal study
Authors: Ouazzani S , Monino L , Beyer-Berjot L , Garnier E , Berdah S , Barthet M , Gonzalez JM 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Natural orifice transluminal endoscopy surgery (NOTES) gastrojejunal anastomosis (GJA) with duodenal exclusion (DE) could be used as a less invasive alternative to surgical gastric bypass. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of both methods for bariatric purpose.

Methods
This was a prospective, experimental and comparative study on 27 obese living pigs, comparing 4 groups: GJA alone (group 1, G1), GJA + DE (group 2, G2), surgical gastric bypass (group 3, G3), control group (group 4, G4). GJA was endoscopically performed, using NOTES technic and LAMS, while DE was performed surgically for limb length selection. Animals were followed for 3 months. Primary outcome included technical success and weight change, while secondary endpoints included the rate of perioperative mortality and morbidity, histological anastomosis analysis and biological analysis.

Results
Technical success was 100% in each intervention group. No death related to endoscopic procedures occurred in the endoscopic groups, while early mortality (< 1 month) was 57,1% in the surgical group, all due to anastomotic dehiscence. At 3 months, compared to baseline, mean weight change was + 3,1% in G1 (p = 0,46); -14,9% in G2 (p = 0,17); +5,6% in G3 (p = 0,38) and + 25% in G4 (p = 0,029). Histopathological analysis of endoscopic GJA showed complete fusion of different layers without leak or abscess.

Conclusions
Endoscopic GJA with DE provides the efficacy of bypass on weight control in an animal model. Next steps consist of the development of devices to perform exclusively endoscopically limb length selection and DE.
Depression and stress levels in patients with different psychiatric disorders during concurrent early-phase COVID-19 pandemic and earthquake in Croatia
Authors: Šagud Marina , Janović Maja Bajs , Ćusa Zrinka Vuksan , Jakšić Nenad , Krakan Lucija Bagarić , Begić Dražen , Grubišin Jasmina , Janović Špiro , Jevtović Saša , Kosanović Rajačić Biljana , Mamić Gloria , Mikulić Suzan Kudlek , Marčinko Darko , Peleš Alma Mihaljević , Lisak Maja Šeparović , Štimac Zoran , Živković Maja , Ćusa Bjanka Vuksan , Wang Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
While Croatia shared COVID-19 pandemic with other countries, its capital area was also hit by a 5.6 magnitude earthquake. The simultaneous impact of these two disasters on psychiatric patients is largely unknown, and we addressed those knowledge gaps.

Methods
The cross-sectional study was conducted during the pandemic’s first peak, in the aftermath of earthquake, by telephonic survey. Measurements included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Perceived Stress Scale and the semi-structured interview to evaluate the impact of pandemic stress and earthquake. Overall 396 patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders (DAD), 229 participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and 205 healthy controls were enrolled.

Results
Both patient groups had higher depression and stress levels than controls, independent of sex, age and the presence of somatic comorbidity. After controlling for the same covariates, patient groups had higher COVID-19- and earthquake-related fears than controls. In patients with DAD, both fears were greater than among SSD patients. When comparing the two fears, the fear from earthquake was higher in DAD and control groups, whereas in SSD patients there was no such difference.

Conclusions
Patients with DAD were the most vulnerable group during disasters, while earthquake seems to be associated with more fear than the pandemics, at least in DAD patients and healthy individuals. Future longitudinal studies should determine if early psychological support might alleviate stress levels after disasters and prevent further worsening of mental health, particularly among DAD patients.
Exploring differences in perceptions of gentrification, neighborhood satisfaction, social cohesion, and health among residents of two predominantly African American Pittsburgh neighborhoods (n = 60)
Authors: Mendoza-Graf Alexandra , MacCarthy Sarah , Collins Rebecca , Wagner La’Vette , Dubowitz Tamara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Gentrification often leads to changes in the social and physical environment of neighborhoods, which social capital theory has found are connected to aspects of resident health and wellbeing. A growing body of literature has explored the impact of gentrification on health and wellbeing of residents. The goal of this study is to qualitatively explore the ways in which gentrification may have impacted perceptions of neighborhood satisfaction, social cohesion, and health of neighborhood residents (n = 60) from two predominantly Black neighborhoods in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, one of which experienced Black gentrification during the study’s time period. This analysis is unique in its ability to capture experiences of residents who remained in their neighborhood throughout the course of the study, as well as those who moved away from their neighborhood.

Methods
Participants were randomly selected from a larger cohort enrolled in a quasi-experimental study and categorized by whether they lived in a census tract that gentrified, whether they owned or rented their home, and whether they moved from the neighborhood or remained in the same place of residence between 2011 and 2018. Phone interviews lasting approximately 30 min were conducted with participants and were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Participants were provided a $40 gift card for their time. Interview data were analyzed using a directed content approach, and Cohen’s Kappa was obtained (k = 0.924) to signal good inter-rater reliability.

Results
Results showed renters in gentrified census tracts overwhelmingly viewed gentrification trends as a negative change compared to homeowners. Overall, participants from gentrified census tracts reported being relatively satisfied with their neighborhood, though some suggested there were fewer resources in the neighborhood over time; felt their social cohesion had deteriorated over time; and more commonly reflected negative health changes over time.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that while gentrification can bring much needed improvements to neighborhoods, it can also bring other disruptive changes that affect the health and wellbeing of existing residents.
Changes in self-reported cannabis use during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review
Authors: Mehra Kamna , Rup Jennifer , Wiese Jessica L. , Watson Tara Marie , Bonato Sarah , Rueda Sergio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting mental health and substance use (MHSU) issues worldwide. The purpose of this study was to characterize the literature on changes in cannabis use during the pandemic and the factors associated with such changes.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review by searching peer-reviewed databases and grey literature from January 2020 to May 2022 using the Arksey and O’Malley Framework. Two independent reviewers screened a total of 4235 documents. We extracted data from 129 documents onto a data extraction form and collated results using content analytical techniques.

Results
Nearly half (48%) of the studies reported an increase/initiation of cannabis use, while 36% studies reported no change, and 16% reported a decrease/cessation of cannabis use during the pandemic. Factors associated with increased cannabis use included socio-demographic factors (e.g., younger age), health related factors (e.g., increased symptom burden), MHSU factors (e.g., anxiety, depression), pandemic-specific reactions (e.g., stress, boredom, social isolation), cannabis-related factors (e.g., dependence), and policy-related factors (e.g., legalization of medical/recreational cannabis).

Conclusion
Public health emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic have the potential to significantly impact cannabis use. The pandemic has placed urgency on improving coping mechanisms and supports that help populations adapt to major and sudden life changes. To better prepare health care systems for future pandemics, wide-reaching education on how pandemic-related change impacts cannabis use is needed.
Role of m6A modification in regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cancer
Authors: Liu Jie , Gu Xinyu , Guan Zhenjie , Huang Di , Xing Huiwu , Zheng Lian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cancer. The dysregulation of this pathway has been linked to the development and initiation of various types of cancer. Recently, epigenetic modifications, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), have been recognized as essential contributors to mRNA-related biological processes and translation. The abnormal expression of m6A modification enzymes has been associated with oncogenesis, tumor progression, and drug resistance. Here, we review the role of m6A modification in regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway in cancer and its implications in the development of novel strategies for cancer treatment.