bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A general algorithm to build mixed real and virtual antenna functions for higher-order calculations
Authors: Braun-White Oscar , Glover Nigel , Preuss Christian T. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The antenna-subtraction technique has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in providing next-to-next-to-leading order in αs (NNLO) predictions for a wide range of processes relevant for the Large Hadron Collider. In a previous paper [1], we demonstrated how to build real-radiation antenna functions for any number of real emissions directly from a specified list of unresolved limits. Here, we extend this procedure to the mixed case of real and virtual radiation, for any number of real and virtual emissions. A novel feature of the algorithm is the requirement to match the antenna constructed with the correct unresolved limits to the other elements of the subtraction scheme. We discuss how this can be achieved and provide a full set of real-virtual NNLO antenna functions (together with their integration over the final-final unresolved phase space). We demonstrate that these antennae can be combined with the real-radiation antennae of ref. [1] to form a consistent NNLO subtraction scheme that cancels all explicit and implicit singularities at NNLO. We anticipate that the improved antenna functions should be more amenable to automation, thereby making the construction of subtraction terms for more complicated processes simpler at NNLO.
Islands and dynamics at the interface
Authors: Afrasiar Mir , Basu Debarshi , Chandra Ashish , Raj Vinayak , Sengupta Gautam 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate a family of models described by two holographic CFT2s coupled along a shared interface. The bulk dual geometry consists of two AdS3 spacetimes truncated by a shared Karch-Randall end-of-the-world (EOW) brane. A lower dimensional effective model comprising of JT gravity coupled to two flat CFT2 baths is subsequently realized by considering small fluctuations on the EOW brane and implementing a partial Randall-Sundrum reduction where the transverse fluctuations of the EOW brane are identified as the dilaton field. We compute the generalized entanglement entropy for bipartite states through the island prescription in the effective lower dimensional picture and obtain precise agreement in the limit of large brane tension with the corresponding doubly holographic computations in the bulk geometry. Furthermore, we obtain the corresponding Page curves for the Hawking radiation in this JT braneworld.
interplay between black holes and ultralight dark matter: analytic solutions
Authors: Bucciotti Bruno , Trincherini Enrico 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dark matter (DM) can consist of a scalar field so light that DM particles in the galactic halo are best described by classical waves. We investigate how these classical solutions are influenced by the presence of a non-rotating supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy, using an analytical, albeit approximate, approach.Relying on this analytic control, we examine the consequences of imposing causal boundary conditions at the horizon, which are typically overlooked. First, we examine the scenario where the backreaction of dark matter can be neglected. The scalar field decays like a power law at large distances, thus endowing the black hole with “hair”. We derive solutions for the field profile over a wide range of parameters, including cases with rotating dark matter. As a by-product, we extract the dynamical Love numbers for scalar perturbations. Next, we determine the spectrum of bound states and their behaviour.Finally, we incorporate the self-gravity of the scalar field, with a focus on the situation where dark matter forms a soliton (boson star) at the center of the galaxy. We derive an analytical expression for the soliton at every distance from the center. With a solution that remains applicable even at horizon scales, we can reliably compute the accretion rate of the black hole.
Eavesdropping on Tinnitus Using MEG: Lessons Learned and Future Perspectives
Authors: Reisinger Lisa , Demarchi Gianpaolo , Weisz Nathan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTinnitus has been widely investigated in order to draw conclusions about the underlying causes and altered neural activity in various brain regions. Existing studies have based their work on different tinnitus frameworks, ranging from a more local perspective on the auditory cortex to the inclusion of broader networks and various approaches towards tinnitus perception and distress. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) provides a powerful tool for efficiently investigating tinnitus and aberrant neural activity both spatially and temporally. However, results are inconclusive, and studies are rarely mapped to theoretical frameworks. The purpose of this review was to firstly introduce MEG to interested researchers and secondly provide a synopsis of the current state. We divided recent tinnitus research in MEG into study designs using resting state measurements and studies implementing tone stimulation paradigms. The studies were categorized based on their theoretical foundation, and we outlined shortcomings as well as inconsistencies within the different approaches. Finally, we provided future perspectives on how to benefit more efficiently from the enormous potential of MEG. We suggested novel approaches from a theoretical, conceptual, and methodological point of view to allow future research to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of tinnitus and its underlying processes.
The Formal Layer of {Brain and Mind} and Emerging Consciousness in Physical Systems
Authors: Król Jerzy , Schumann Andrew 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe consider consciousness attributed to systems in space-time which can be purely physical without biological background and focus on the mathematical understanding of the phenomenon. It is shown that the set theory based on sets in the foundations of mathematics, when switched to set theory based on ZFC models, is a very promising mathematical tool in explaining the brain/mind complex and the emergence of consciousness in natural and artificial systems. We formalise consciousness-supporting systems in physical space-time, but this is localised in open domains of spatial regions and the result of this process is a family of different ZFC models. Random forcing, as in set theory, corresponds precisely to the random influence on the system of external stimuli, and the principles of reflection of set theory explain the conscious internal reaction of the system. We also develop the conscious Turing machines which have their external ZFC environment and the dynamics is encoded in the random forcing changing models of ZFC in which Turing machines with oracles are formulated. The construction is applied to cooperating families of conscious agents which, due to the reflection principle, can be reduced to the implementation of certain concurrent games with different levels of self-reflection.
Transient infiltration tests in pyroclastic soils with double porosity
Authors: Sepe Ciro , Calcaterra Domenico , Damiano Emilia , Di Martire Diego , Greco Roberto , Pappalardo Lucia , Ramondini Massimo , Vitale Enza , Russo Giacomo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFallout volcanic deposits of Somma- Vesuvius (Campania, southern Italy), characterized by the presence of layers with contrasting textural and hydraulic properties, are frequently affected by shallow landslides during rainwater infiltration. The soils of the stratigraphic sequence present intra- particle pores, originated by the gases escaped during magma decompression in the volcanic conduit, thus are characterized by double porosity (i.e., intraparticle and interparticle pores), which is expected to affect their hydraulic behaviour, and to play a key role in rainwater infiltration through layered deposits. To understand the effect of double porosity on the hydraulic behaviour of the involved soils, controlled experiments have been carried out in an infiltration column. The experimental apparatus is provided with newly designed non-invasive Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) probes, not buried in the investigated soil layers so as to minimize disturbance to the flow, allowing water content measurement during vertical flow processes. Specifically, transient flow experiments are carried out through reconstituted specimens of black scoriae and grey pumices, both loose pyroclastic granular soils from fallout deposits of Somma-Vesuvius, featuring double porosity with different pore size distributions, that were estimated by X-ray tomography and Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry. The experimental results highlight the effects of the double porosity and clearly indicate the different behaviour of the two soils during wetting and drying processes, mainly related to the different dimensions of intraparticle pores.
Liraglutide 3.0 mg (Saxenda©) for Weight Loss and Remission of Pre-Diabetes. Real-World Clinical Evaluation of Effectiveness among Patients Awaiting Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Wilmington Rebekah , Ardavani Arash , Simenacz Amelia , Green Carol , Idris Iskandar 
Published: November 2023

Objective
The effectiveness of liraglutide 3.0 mg (Saxenda) therapy to induce weight loss among obese patients prior to bariatric surgery remains uncertain.

Methods
Clinical data was retrospectively obtained from patients with prediabetes (HbA1c 42-47 mmol/mol) and selected patients on the waiting list for bariatric surgery at the Royal Derby Hospital. Clinical data was collected retrospectively at 6, 12, 26 and 52 week intervals. The outcomes included mean weight change, proportion of patients achieving ≥ 5% and ≥ 10% weight loss and achieving HbA1c reduction to normal range values.

Results
Fifty patients (mean age of 46.2 ± 10.5 years; 76% female and 94% had Class III obesity) who completed 52 and/or 26 weeks of treatment were included. Liraglutide 3.0 mg produced a consistent and statistically significant reduction in weight (kg), BMI (kg/m2) and HbA1c (mmol/mol) across all four time intervals. Average ± SD reduction for weight, BMI and HbA1c respectively at 26 weeks were: -10.9 ± 9.1 (P < 0.01), -3.67 ± 3.5 (P < 0.01), -4.7 IQR 4.95 (P < 0.001), and at 52 weeks were: -14 ± 9.2 kg (P < 0.001), -4.64 ± 4.0 (P < 0.001 and -5.5 IQR 4 (P = 0.009). 85.7% and 33.3% of patients achieved ≥ 5% and 10% weight loss target respectively at 52 weeks. 92.3% and 72.2% achieved remission of pre-diabetes by 6 and 12 months respectively. Liraglutide 3.0 mg was well-tolerated with only 10% discontinuing medication due to tolerability issues.

Conclusion
Liraglutide 3.0 mg, with lifestyle management, reduced weight and improved glycaemic control. These results support liraglutide’s application in certain high-risk populations, including patients waiting for bariatric surgical intervention.
Genomic Landscape of Pleural Mesothelioma and Therapeutic Aftermaths
Authors: Nash Alistair , Creaney Jenette 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
In this article, we provide a comprehensive analysis of recent progress in the genetic characterisation of pleural mesothelioma, and the translation of these findings to clinical practice.

Recent Findings
Advancements in sequencing technology have allowed the identification of driver mutations and improved our understanding of how these mutations may shape the mesothelioma tumour microenvironment. However, the identification of frequently mutated regions including CDKN2A, BAP1 and NF2 have, to date, not yet yielded targeted therapy options that outperform standard chemo- and immunotherapies. Similarly, the association between mutational profile and the immune microenvironment or immunotherapy response is not well characterised.

Summary
Further research into the link between tumour mutational profile and response to therapy is critical for identifying targetable vulnerabilities and stratifying patients for therapy.
Zum Wesen der Strafe und seiner begrifflichen Verschleierung in der Gegenwart
Authors: Wilder Nicolaus , Magiera Kim 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungWiedergutmachung wird in der „Neuen Autorität“ als positive und gewaltfreie Erziehungspraktik gelobt. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit ihrem Verhältnis zur Strafe vor dem Hintergrund von Überlegungen aus dem Kontext von „Restorative Justice“ ergibt, dass es sich dabei nicht nur um eine mögliche begriffliche Verschleierung von Strafe handelt, sondern zugleich eine problematische Verantwortungsabgabe von Erziehenden an Zu-Erziehende vorgenommen wird.
The impact of COVID-19 on tourism, employment, and population of the Azores islands
Authors: Sass Karina Simone , Maciel Raquel Ferreira , Dentinho Tomaz Ponce 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTourism is a very important economic sector and, for many regions, the main economic activity. Tourism was one of the main sectors affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on tourism, employment, and the population of the Azores, highlighting the resilience of the different islands and the sustainability of their tourism. To do that, we estimate an economic base model for the Azores islands that relates total employment per island with performance indicators of the basic activities (hosts, milk production, fish captures, external public support, and the service of the public debt). The results show that employment on the islands was reduced by around 7% because of the reduction in tourism activities. The analyses also revealed that the western small islands of Flores and Corvo, which had fewer COVID-19 cases in 2020, increased their specialization in tourism and Terceira island showed a relative touristic attractiveness at the expense of the nearby Graciosa and São Jorge. We also estimated a model that relates employment with the population to evaluate the potential impact of job losses in the population change in the Azores. The results show the loss of jobs did not affect significantly the population movement in the short run.
An efficient operation strategy for dispersed generation sources in bipolar asymmetric DC distribution networks: a sequential quadratic approximation
Authors: Sepúlveda-García Simón , Montoya Oscar Danilo , Garces Alejandro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a sequential quadratic optimization of the optimal power flow (OPF) in bipolar direct current (DC) grids. This formulation is based on Taylor’s expansion applied to the non-convex constraints, thus transforming them into affine equations. This approach, suitable for both radial and meshed grids, considers that the neutral terminal is only grounded at the substation bus. Other groundings can be considered in the loads without a loss of generality. Two test feeders composed of 21 and 33 nodes are considered in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed sequential quadratic convex approximation model. Since this approach is based on convex optimization, a fast convergence, the uniqueness of the solution, and the global optimum are ensured. Simulations were performed using Python with the CvxPy library, a modeling system specialized in convex programming, as well as the ECOS solver. The 21-bus grid was employed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed convex model regarding power losses minimization, and the 33-bus one was used to evaluate the effect of the efficient dispatch of renewable generators within day-ahead operation environments.
Study on the pore evolution of Xinjiang oil shale under pyrolysis based on joint characterization of LNTA and MIP
Authors: Liu Zhijun , Ma Haotian , Wang Zhen , Liu Gang , Guo Yuzhen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuring the in-situ exploitation of oil shale, the evolution of pore structure will affect the heat transfer medium and the transport capacity of products. In this study, using the oil shale from Jimsar region of Xinjiang, in combination with the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption experiment (LNTA) and high-pressure mercury injection experiment (MIP), the effect of temperature on evolution law of its pores during pyrolysis were analyzed according to the LNTA and MIP joint characterization results. The results show as follows: the change curve of oil shale porosity with pyrolysis final temperature in Xinjiang shows an “S” shape. The pore volume increases slightly before 300 °C, and it shows an increasing trend in the subsequent temperature range, with the mesopore volume change being the most noticeable. However, the increase slows down after 600 °C. The evolution of full-scale pores in the pyrolysis process of oil shale is reflected by the joint characterization of LNTA and MIP, which indicates that the temperature has a controlling effect on the evolution of pore, and provides basic theoretical support for how to improve the oil recovery rate of exploitation of oil shale.
Underlying reasons and factors associated with changes in earthworm activities in response to biochar amendment: a review
Authors: Cui Jiaqi , Jiang Jun , Chang E. , Zhang Feng , Guo Lingyu , Fang Di , Xu Renkou , Wang Yujun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNumerous studies have unequivocally demonstrated that biochar and, to a lesser degree, earthworms can independently improve soil fertility and crop productivity, although information about their co-application effects on soil characteristics is limited. In this review, (1) earthworm biomarkers and underlying influencing factors, as well as the changes in the amended soil quality in response to co-application of earthworms and biochar are presented, (2) the functional interactions between earthworms and biochar in soil are summarized; (3) the principles governing the synergetic effects of biochar and earthworms on soil quality enhancement are probed; and (4) alternative strategies to optimize the efficacy of earthworm and biochar amendments are provided. It is noteworthy that while low doses of biochar can have a positive effect on various earthworm biomarkers, including growth and reproduction, restoration of the intestinal environment, and the mitigation of cellular organelle toxicity and genetic damage, high biochar dosages can yield adverse effects. Conversely, earthworms play a crucial role in distributing biochar particles deeper into the soil matrix, bolstering carbon sequestration potential, and enhancing the persistence and efficiency of biochar utilization. Moreover, earthworms stimulate the production of soil extracellular enzymes by microorganisms, which are pivotal to the processing, stabilization, and decomposition of soil organic matter, as well as nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Additionally, they enhance the binding affinities of these enzymes to biochar. Significantly, changes in earthworm biomarkers in response to biochar integration are predominately governed by biochar properties and dosage, contact time, and soil type.
Graphical Abstract
Imperatorin interacts additively with novel antiseizure medications in the mouse maximal electroshock-induced seizure model: an isobolographic transformation
Authors: Łuszczki Jarogniew J. , Kochman-Moskal Ewelina , Bojar Hubert , Florek-Łuszczki Magdalena , Skalicka-Woźniak Krystyna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Anticonvulsant effects of imperatorin (IMP) have been experimentally confirmed earlier, but no information is available on the interaction profiles of this naturally occurring coumarin when combined with novel antiseizure medication (ASMs). This study aimed to determine the effects of IMP on the anticonvulsant effects of lacosamide (LCM), oxcarbazepine (OXC), pregabalin (PGB), and topiramate (TPM) in the maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES) model in mice.

Methods
The anticonvulsant effects exerted by novel ASMs (LCM, OXC, PGB, and TPM) when combined with constant doses of IMP (25 and 50 mg/kg) underwent isobolographic transformation to precisely classify the observed interactions in the mouse MES model. Total brain concentrations of ASMs were measured with high-pressure liquid chromatography to exclude the pharmacokinetic nature of interactions among IMP and the tested ASMs.

Results
IMP (50 mg/kg) significantly enhanced (p < 0.01) the anticonvulsant potency of LCM, OXC, PGB, and TPM in the mouse MES model. IMP (25 mg/kg) mildly potentiated the anticonvulsant action of LCM, OXC, PGB, and TPM, but no statistical significance was reported for these combinations. The isobolographic transformation of data from the MES test revealed that the interactions of novel ASMs with IMP were additive. Moreover, IMP (50 mg/kg) did not affect the total brain content of any of the novel ASMs in experimental mice.

Conclusions
The additive interactions of IMP with LCM, OXC, PGB, and TPM in the mouse MES model accompanied by no pharmacokinetic changes in the total brain content of ASMs are worthy of recommendation for further studies.
Thermalization in Kitaev’s quantum double models via tensor network techniques
Authors: Lucia Angelo , Pérez-García David , Pérez-Hernández Antonio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We show that every ergodic Davies generator associated to any 2D Kitaev’s quantum double model has a nonvanishing spectral gap in the thermodynamic limit. This validates rigorously the extended belief that those models are useless as self-correcting quantum memories, even in the non-abelian case. The proof uses recent ideas and results regarding the characterization of the spectral gap for parent Hamiltonians associated to Projected Entangled Pair States in terms of a bulk-boundary correspondence.
The influence of peer non-suicidal self-harm on young adults’ urges to self-harm: experimental study
Authors: Pitman Alexandra , Lowther Millie , Pike Alexandra , Davies Jessica , de Cates Angharad , Buckman Joshua E. J. , Robinson Oliver 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To test the hypothesis that exposure to peer self-harm induces adolescents’ urges to self-harm and that this is influenced by individual suggestibility.

Methods:
We recruited 97 UK-based adults aged 18–25 years with a recent history of self-harm, measuring baseline suggestibility (Resistance to Peer Influence; RPI) and perceived ability to control urges to self-harm (using an adapted item from the Self-Efficacy to Resist Suicidal Action scale; SEASA) before and after two self-harm vignettes featuring named peers from the participant’s social network (to simulate exposure to peer non-suicidal self-harm) and after a wash-out exposure. We used paired t-tests to compare mean SEASA scores pre- and post-exposure, and linear regression to test for an association between RPI and change in SEASA scores pre- and post-exposure.

Results:
Perceived ability to control urges to self-harm was significantly reduced following exposure to peer self-harm (t(96) = 4.02, p < 0.001, mean difference = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.31, 0.91), but was not significantly different from baseline after exposure to a wash-out. We found no association between suggestibility and change in urges to self-harm after exposure to peer self-harm.

Conclusion:
Our findings support social influences on self-harm in a sample of young adults, regardless of their individual degree of suggestibility.