bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragmentation and biodiversity change in urban vegetation: A case study of tram lines
Authors: Winkler Jan , Koda Eugeniusz , Červenová Jana , Napieraj Krzysztof , Żółtowski Mariusz , Jakimiuk Aleksandra , Podlasek Anna , Vaverková Magdalena Daria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study explores the vegetation composition along various tram line sections in Bydgoszcz, Poland, with a focus on understanding the impact of usage, maintenance, and historical development on urban vegetation dynamics. This study addresses this knowledge gap by investigating how these factors influence plant species composition, leading to variations in the prevalence of native and non‐native species. The aim of this study is to contribute to urban ecological knowledge and inform vegetation management strategies. The investigation centers on five tram line sites representing different usage and maintenance scenarios: Unused line, New line, Loop rec, Loop old, and Old line. Through phytocoenological relevés conducted in 2020 and 2021, we measured the plant taxa coverage. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed relationships between plant species and tram line sites. The results indicated the presence of 107 plant taxa, with graphical representations highlighting the prevalent species on each tram line section. Older sections showed a higher representation of non‐native plant species, whereas new sections exhibited native species dominance. Moisture‐indicative values suggest an affinity for soils with average moisture content. CCA provides insights into the relationships between plant taxa and site variants and offers valuable implications for urban vegetation management and conservation strategies. The novelty of this study lies in its holistic approach for understanding how multiple factors interact to shape urban vegetation. By illuminating urban ecological dynamics and informing decision‐making processes, this study contributes to urban planning, ecology, and biodiversity conservation. Additionally, this study fills a knowledge gap by providing insights into the unique ecological dynamics and species composition of tram lines in urban environments. Unlike previous research in Central European countries focusing on planted vegetation, this study explored the spontaneous spread of plants and successional patterns along tram lines, enhancing our understanding of the environmental conditions created by tram lines that influence vegetation composition and development.
Guiding and constraining reclamation for coastal zone through identification of response thresholds for ecosystem services supply–demand relationships
Authors: Liu Chenghao , Yan Xiaolu , Han Zenglin , Liu Yaobin , Li Xiuzhen , Li Xinyuan , Zhong Jingqiu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEnhancing the understanding and management of ecosystem services (ESs) supply and demand under the influence of global change is crucial for sustaining human well‐being and promoting sustainable development. However, the comprehension of changes in ecosystem service dynamics in the face of complex human disturbances remains limited. This study focuses on four representative ESs in the northern Liaodong Bay, a typical global estuary wetland, to elucidate alterations in the supply and demand of these ESs and comprehend the impact mechanisms arising from reclamation activities. The findings reveal the following key insights: between 1993 and 2020, the supply and demand for water yield disparity became increasingly pronounced, while the equilibrium between supply and demand for carbon storage shifted from surplus to balance. In contrast, the excess supply–demand of food supply and landscape esthetics remained relatively consistent. This study delves deeper into the non‐linear relationship between reclamation activities and ESs supply–demand relationships, with each ecosystem service exhibiting distinct patterns. As reclamation intensity rises, the supply–demand ratio of ESs exhibits varying trends: food supply and carbon storage demonstrate an inverted U‐shaped relationship, water yield follows a U‐shaped pattern, and landscape esthetics progressively decline. By identifying reclamation thresholds, different management strategies should be applied to areas exceeding and falling below these thresholds, with constraints and guidance being necessary for the former and the latter, respectively. These findings advance our understanding of ESs dynamics in the context of human‐driven changes and provide practical implications for sustainable ecosystem management in coastal areas.
A framework for co‐designing decision‐support systems for policy implementation: The LANDSUPPORT experience
Authors: Stankovics Petra , Schillaci Calogero , Pump Judit , Birli Barbara , Ferraro Giuliano , Munafò Michele , Di Leginio Marco , Hermann Tamás , Montanarella Luca , Tóth Gergely 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis work proposes a framework for co‐designing decision‐support tools for sustainable land management and soil protection at multiple scales. Geospatial dashboards, due to their key capabilities in the use of spatial or geospatial information, are quickly gaining traction for planning and policymaking. Developing the decision‐support system (DSS) as a transversal system capable of capturing trends in land and soil properties at the local, regional, national, and EU levels has been co‐designed with policy stakeholders. This work seeks to link (i) the main goal of the Soil Mission and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), to raise awareness and knowledge on soil conditions (ii) and the LANDSUPPORT (LS) project cross‐evaluation on how the spatial decision‐support system (SDSS) can support policy‐related stakeholders and help them to take evidence‐based decisions. To achieve this objective, we present the user engagement process to ensure broad testing and evaluation of the LS SDSS's ability to support selected EU policies and soil‐related SDGs by testing the LS platform's European scale tools, including an analysis and conformity check of the data delivered by the LS tools and a critical review of results. The indicators were assessed via direct contact with end users, such as semi‐structured interviews (SSI) and 184 questionnaires. Results of the test series have been analyzed by the spatial scale per respective tool and performance indicators. We present a unique, integrated, science‐based approach to co‐create data‐driven decision‐making with the stakeholders to promote sustainable land management practices. This methodology strives to involve many stakeholders in scientific research, empowering them to participate in the decisions on topics that directly affect them. Public bodies responsible for land policy implementation, environmental stakeholders, spatial planners, and other users have engaged in the process to ensure broad testing of the LS platform from 2020 to 2022. A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis provided a synthesis of the performance of the LS tools. The testing phase proved the utmost importance of usability, underlining that the mixed method of testing allowing quantitative and qualitative analyses based on the same key indicators proved essential for co‐designing SDSS tools to be used by a wide range of stakeholders.
A chlorophyll a, non‐photochemical fluorescence quenching correction method for autonomous underwater vehicles in shelf sea environments
Authors: Mitchell Catherine , Drapeau David , Pinkham Sunny , Balch William M 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAutonomous underwater vehicles provide water column observations of phytoplankton biomass using chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorometers. However, under high incident light, phytoplankton fluorescence yield decreases in a process known as non‐photochemical quenching, resulting in a reduced Chl a fluorescence signal. Methods have been developed to identify and remove the quenched signal from observations by autonomous underwater vehicles. These existing methods rely on assumptions of the homogeneity of the system, both in terms of time (i.e., between day and night observations) and space (i.e., within the water column or between neighboring profiles). These assumptions are not valid in shallow shelf seas or when sampling across different water masses. Thus, we evaluate six new quenching correction methods based on an existing ocean‐based method, but adapted for a continental shelf sea environment where the water mass changes between night and day observations. We have included two main changes to the existing method. First, we interpolate the unquenched, nighttime signal across the daytime observations and use this as a reference for correcting the quenched, daytime signal. Second, we explore the inclusion of a fluorescence quenching depth limit. By interpolating nighttime observations across daytime periods, the diel changes in non‐photochemical quenching were separated from the phytoplankton population changes. The proposed methods all show improved performance compared to existing approach. The methods presented here, and the approach used to evaluate them, are applicable in other shelf sea environments, enabling studies using autonomous Chl a fluorescence data across shelf sea ecosystems.
Vernier Ellipsometry Sensing with Ultralow Limit‐of‐Detection and Large Dynamic Range by Tuning of Zero‐Reflection Points
Authors: Zhang Yun , Phoo May Thawda , Foo Yishu , Li Xiaomin , Lam Yun Wah , Zapien Juan Antonio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOptical sensors using zero‐reflection points (ZRPs) enable excellent sensitivity due to the accompanying phase singularities and the steepest slope of the reflectivity curve. Here, the collaborative manipulation of three ZRPs in a simple platform formed by a lithography‐free, metal‐dielectric‐metal structure with unsurpassed, experimentally demonstrated, limit of detection ≈2 × 10−8 refractive index unit is reported. The sensor relies on: i) strong coupling between p‐polarized surface plasmon polariton and photonic waveguide, leading to reflection suppression, Rabi splitting and phase singularities; ii) simultaneous implementation of two orthogonally polarized ZRPs, enabling spectral overlap of s‐polarized photonic modes (Rs) with the coupled p‐polarized resonances (Rp); and iii) ellipsometry‐based sensing where the s‐polarized ZRPs provide a stable reference to boost the sensor performance in terms of the amplitude ratio and phase difference of Rp and Rs thereby naturally forming a refinement measuring scale akin to a Vernier scale. Remarkably, the precise manipulation of ZRPs enables resetting the sensor to its optimal sensing point. The capability has been demonstrated for a biosensor of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike (S2) protein that can track the full functionalization process then reset to perform dose‐dependent detection of the S2 protein. This work provides a new strategy for the development of optical sensors and perfect light absorbers.
Privacy‐preserving record linkage across disparate institutions and datasets to enable a learning health system: The national COVID cohort collaborative (N3C) experience
Authors: Tachinardi Umberto , Grannis Shaun J. , Michael Sam G. , Misquitta Leonie , Dahlin Jayme , Sheikh Usman , Kho Abel , Phua Jasmin , Rogovin Sara S. , Amor Benjamin , Choudhury Maya , Sparks Philip , Mannaa Amin , Ljazouli Saad , Saltz Joel , Prior Fred , Baghal Ahmen , Gersing Kenneth , Embi Peter J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionResearch driven by real‐world clinical data is increasingly vital to enabling learning health systems, but integrating such data from across disparate health systems is challenging. As part of the NCATS National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), the N3C Data Enclave was established as a centralized repository of deidentified and harmonized COVID‐19 patient data from institutions across the US. However, making this data most useful for research requires linking it with information such as mortality data, images, and viral variants. The objective of this project was to establish privacy‐preserving record linkage (PPRL) methods to ensure that patient‐level EHR data remains secure and private when governance‐approved linkages with other datasets occur.MethodsSeparate agreements and approval processes govern N3C data contribution and data access. The Linkage Honest Broker (LHB), an independent neutral party (the Regenstrief Institute), ensures data linkages are robust and secure by adding an extra layer of separation between protected health information and clinical data. The LHB's PPRL methods (including algorithms, processes, and governance) match patient records using “deidentified tokens,” which are hashed combinations of identifier fields that define a match across data repositories without using patients' clear‐text identifiers.ResultsThese methods enable three linkage functions: Deduplication, Linking Multiple Datasets, and Cohort Discovery. To date, two external repositories have been cross‐linked. As of March 1, 2023, 43 sites have signed the LHB Agreement; 35 sites have sent tokens generated for 9 528 998 patients. In this initial cohort, the LHB identified 135 037 matches and 68 596 duplicates.ConclusionThis large‐scale linkage study using deidentified datasets of varying characteristics established secure methods for protecting the privacy of N3C patient data when linked for research purposes. This technology has potential for use with registries for other diseases and conditions.
Formation of Three‐Dimensional Polysuccinimide Electrospun Fiber Meshes Induced by the Combination of CaCl2 and Humidity
Authors: Juhász Ákos György , Nanys Monika , Pinke Balázs , Fadel Alexandre , Godzierz Marcin , Juriga‐Tóth Krisztina , Molnár Kolos , Juriga Dávid , Jedlovszky‐Hajdú Angéla 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEven though electrospinning is getting more and more attention, the preparation of 3D nanofibrous meshes is still a big challenge that limits the application of electrospun materials, especially in tissue engineering. To overcome this problem, several solutions are introduced but most of them focus on the postprocessing of the electrospun meshes. This paper presents a straightforward novel method that utilizes the joint effect of the addition of CaCl2 and the relative environmental humidity (RH), which can induce the random 3D formation of polysuccinimide (PSI) electrospun fibers with different such as wrinkled or ribbon‐like structures. Although the effect of humidity and inorganic salt additives on the micro and macrostructure of electrospun fibers is known, the connection between the two in this manner has never been presented. To investigate the effect, fibers with different PSI and CaCl2 concentrations at different humidity RH levels are prepared, and their microstructure is visualized with high‐resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To reveal the nature of the interaction between the polymer and the CaCl2, Fourier‐transformed infrared (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetry (TGA) measurements are carried out and 3D nanofibrous structures are obtained.
Child sexual abuse versus adult sexual assault: A review of psychological and neurobiological sequelae
Authors: Rowland Grace E. , Purcell Juliann B. , Lebois Lauren A. M. , Kaufman Milissa L. , Harnett Nathaniel G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSexual trauma (ST) occurs with alarming frequency in the United States in the form of both childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adulthood sexual assault (ASA). It is well established that the effects of ST are pervasive and that ST can be a risk factor for the development of several psychiatric disorders. However, the potential for distinct psychological consequences or neural correlates between CSA and ASA has received little attention. Furthermore, despite the high prevalence of sexual revictimization, the combinatorial effects of CSA and ASA are understudied in comparison to each form of ST on its own. In the current review, we present results from both clinical psychology and neuroscience research on the impacts of CSA and ASA, describing major psychological, biopsychosocial, and neuroimaging findings for each form of ST. We further highlight limitations in the current state of the research and needed areas of future research to better understand the distinct, overlapping, and cumulative effects of ST in both childhood and adulthood. The present study summarizes the state of the literature on this critical form of trauma and provides recommendations for future clinical research practices to mitigate the deleterious outcomes of ST.
Neutron flux evaluation algorithm with a combination of Monte Carlo and removal‐diffusion calculation methods for boron neutron capture therapy
Authors: Nojiri Mai , Takata Takushi , Hu Naonori , Sakurai Yoshinori , Suzuki Minoru , Tanaka Hiroki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, the clinical treatment of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been applied to unresectable, locally advanced, and recurrent head and neck carcinomas using an accelerator‐based neutron source since June of 2020. Considering the increase in the number of patients receiving BNCT, efficiency of the treatment planning procedure is becoming increasingly important. Therefore, novel and rapid dose calculation algorithms must be developed. We developed a novel algorithm for calculating neutron flux, which comprises of a combination of a Monte Carlo (MC) method and a method based on the removal‐diffusion (RD) theory (RD calculation method) for the purpose of dose calculation of BNCT.PurposeWe present the details of our novel algorithm and the verification results of the calculation accuracy based on the MC calculation result.MethodsIn this study, the “MC‐RD” calculation method was developed, wherein the RD calculation method was used to calculate the thermalization process of neutrons and the MC method was used to calculate the moderation process. The RD parameters were determined by MC calculations in advance. The MC‐RD calculation accuracy was verified by comparing the results of the MC‐RD and MC calculations with respect to the neutron flux distributions in each of the cubic and head phantoms filled with water.ResultsComparing the MC‐RD calculation results with those of MC calculations, it was found that the MC‐RD calculation accurately reproduced the thermal neutron flux distribution inside the phantom, with the exception of the region near the surface of the phantom.ConclusionsThe MC‐RD calculation method is useful for the evaluation of the neutron flux distribution for the purpose of BNCT dose calculation, except for the region near the surface.
Optical properties and behavior of whispering gallery mode resonators in complex microsphere configurations: Insights for sensing and information processing applications
Authors: Banad Yaser Mike , Hasan Syed Mohammad Abid , Sharif Sarah S. , Veronis Georgios , Gartia Manas Ranjan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper delves into the intricate world of whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators within complex microsphere configurations, exploring their optical properties and behavior. Integrated with optical sensing and processing technology, WGM resonators offer compact size, high sensitivity, rapid response, and tunability. The study investigates the impact of configuration, size, excitation, polarization, and coupling effects on WGM properties. Notable findings include enhanced sensitivity in single microsphere resonators, influence of unequal sphere sizes and excitation locations on WGM modes, and higher quality factors (Q‐factors) in triangular three‐microsphere resonator configurations. Circular polarization was found to elevate Q‐factors, while the nine‐microsphere resonator configuration exhibited increased intensity of dominant WGM peaks with higher laser power, suppressing other peaks. These insights guide the design and optimization of microsphere resonator systems, positioning them for applications in sensing and optical information processing.
Experiences and outcomes of fertility testing in male adolescents with sickle cell disease
Authors: Creary Susan , Liles Sophia M. , Colton Zachary A. , Stanek Charis J. , Hudnall Matthew C. , Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Nahata Leena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdult males with sickle cell disease (SCD) may have abnormal semen parameters, raising the concern that SCD and/or treatments may impact fertility. Yet, studies that include adolescents are lacking. To determine if fertility testing is feasible in male adolescents with SCD, and to explore their experiences and outcomes of fertility testing, 33 adolescents who completed a web‐based SCD reproductive health education program were offered a free semen analysis. Five (15%) obtained testing and each had abnormalities. Barriers to testing included lack of time and transportation and discomfort. Findings highlight the need for larger, longitudinal studies using innovative testing approaches.
Barriers to long‐term follow‐up in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma survivors
Authors: Tinsley Hailey , Gramatges Maria , Dreyer ZoAnn , Okcu M. Fatih , Shakeel Omar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground/purposePediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors have an increased risk of late effects following treatment. Barriers at the patient, provider, and payor level adversely affect adherence to long‐term follow‐up.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of HL survivors diagnosed from 1999 to 2014 at Texas Children's Hospital. HL survivors were considered lost to follow‐up if there were no documented visits to Texas Children's Cancer Center Long‐Term Survivor (LTS) clinic for 2 or more years after their last LTS clinic visit. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore factors contributing to loss to follow‐up. Reasons for not attending subsequent LTS visits were assessed by phone interviews in a subset of lost to follow‐up patients.ResultsThere were 120 HL survivors who had at least one LTS clinic visit in this timeframe; 64 (53%) were classified as lost to follow‐up, and of these, 23 (36%) were interviewed. Eleven (47%) indicated that the reason for failure to follow‐up was lack of or inadequate insurance, and seven (30%) stated they were unaware of the importance of continued follow‐up. Loss to follow‐up was associated with lack of insurance, earlier diagnosis, and lack of comorbidities in univariate analyses. Only earlier year of diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7–0.9, p = .01) and lack of insurance (OR 22.2, 95% CI: 4–123, p < .001) were associated with loss to follow‐up in multivariable analyses.ConclusionsInsurance status and awareness of the need for long‐term follow‐up care are key factors associated with loss to follow‐up in survivors of HL. Targeted education and low‐cost options for survivorship care are potential strategies for improving adherence to long‐term follow‐up care in HL survivors.