bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive and Ultrahigh‐Affinity Recognition in Water by Sulfated Conjugated Corral[5]arene
Authors: Wang Ruiguo , Li Wen‐Bo , Deng Jia‐Ying , Han Han , Chen Fang‐Yuan , Li Dai‐Yuan , Jing Li‐Bo , Song Zihang , Fu Rong , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Cai Kang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe pursuit of synthetic receptors with high binding affinities has long been a central focus in supramolecular chemistry, driven by their significant practical relevance in various fields. Despite the numerous synthetic receptors that have been developed, most exhibit binding affinities in the micromolar range or lower. Only a few exceptional receptors achieve binding affinities exceeding 109 M−1, and their substrate scopes remain rather limited. In this context, we introduce SC[5]A, a conjugated corral‐shaped macrocycle functionalized with ten sulfate groups. Owing to its deep one‐dimensional confined hydrophobic cavity and multiple sulfate groups, SC[5]A displays an extraordinarily high binding strength of up to 1011 M−1 towards several size‐matched, rod‐shaped organic dications in water. Besides, its conformation exhibits good adaptability, allowing it to encapsulate a wide range of other guests with diverse molecular sizes, shapes, and functionalities, exhibiting relatively strong affinities (Ka=106–108 M−1). Additionally, we've explored the preliminary application of SC[5]A in alleviating blood coagulation induced by hexadimethrine bromide in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the combination of ultrahigh binding affinities (towards complementary guests) and adaptive recognition capability (towards a wide range of functional guests) of SC[5]A positions it as exceptionally valuable for numerous practical applications.
The strength of particulate polymer composite: A new insight on crystallinity and structural morphology
Authors: Yazid Hafizal , Anwar Umar A. , Sabtu Maria , Murshidi Julie Andrianny , Zali Nurazila M. , Dris Zakaria , Chen Ruey Shan , Ahmad Sahrim , M. Zin M. Rawi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe have demonstrated the significant impact of high density polyethylene (HDPE) crystallinity and structural morphology on the tensile strength of 60/40 NR/HDPE polymer blend composites. Introducing nanoscale Boron Carbide (B4C‐type compounds) fillers noticeably changed the crystallinity and morphology of HDPE, leading to the formation of fine spherulites. Conversely, microscale fillers mainly impacted the crystallinity while preserving a coarse architecture. Although both composites experienced a reduction in crystallinity, the nanocomposites outperformed microcomposites and even the pristine polymer blend in terms of strength, implying the effect of a fine structure. The nanocomposite with a filler loading of 2 wt% exhibited the highest strength. This investigation provides novel insights into the interplay between crystallinity, HDPE structure, and the size of fillers, which heavily influence the strength of polymer blend composites.
Ruthenium‐catalyzed asymmetric ene‐yne metathesis
Authors: Liu Meng , Pearson‐Long Morwenna S. M. , Bertus Philippe , Boeda Fabien 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe first studies on [Ru]‐catalyzed Asymmetric Ring‐Closing Ene‐Yne Metathesis (ARCEYM) are disclosed in this communication. The desymmetrization of achiral ene‐diyne substrates afforded the corresponding exo cyclic compounds in good yields and enantioselectivities (up to 69 % ee). The methodology provided a straightforward access to functionalized scaffolds displaying alkyne and diene useful for further functionalization such as [4+2] cycloaddition reaction.
Aromatic C(sp2)−H Functionalization by Consecutive Paired Electrolysis: Dibromination of Aryl Amines with Dibromoethane at Room Temperature
Authors: Shukla Gaurav , Singh Malkeet , Kumar Yadav Anup , Shankar Singh Maya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHerein, we disclose a facile and efficient electrochemical method for the dibromination of aryl amines by double functionalization of aromatic C(sp2)−H (both para and ortho) under metal‐ and external oxidant‐free conditions at room temperature for the first time. The reaction is demonstrated using 1,2‐dibromoethane to dibrominate a wide range of N‐substituted aryl amines in a simple setup with C(+)/Pt(−) electrodes under mild reaction conditions. This transformation proceeds smoothly with a broad substrate scope affording the valuable and versatile N‐substituted 2,4‐dibromoanilines in moderate to excellent yields with high regioselectivity. In this paired electrolysis, cathodic reduction of 1,2‐DBE followed by anodic oxidation generates bromonium intermediates, which then couple with anilines to furnish the dibrominated products. It represents a distinctive approach to challenging redox‐neutral reactions. The versatility of the electrochemical ortho‐, para‐dibromination was reflected by unique regioselectivities for challenging aryl amines and gram‐scale electrosynthesis without the use of a stoichiometric oxidant or an activating agent.
An Exsolved Cu Nanocatalyst for Highly Efficient Methanol Steam Reforming
Authors: Wei Tong , Wang B. S. Juan , Pan Xueyan , Harimoto Tatsukuni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2O3 (BZCY) perovskite with in‐situ exsolved metallic Cu catalyst acted as a catalyst for methanol steam reforming (MSR) for the first time. After reduction at 550 °C for 3 hours, fine and uniform metallic Cu nanoparticles were exsolved from the perovskite lattice with more active sites and oxygen vacancies on the surface. The reduced Ba0.9Zr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Cu0.1O3 (BZCYCu) displayed a stable conversion of methanol above 99.9 % at 500 °C within 120 hours, with a negligible amount of CO in the outlet gas and no carbon species was detected on the surface of catalyst. The BZCYCu gained 7.4 % of their weight at 500 °C during the water vapor adsorption stage in temperature programmed water absorption experiment, which showed a considerable water adsorption capacity. Such a hygroscopicity could promote the catalytic methanol steam reforming and CO elimination. And metallic Cu has also been widely applied for the methanol steam reforming reaction due to their high activity and carbon resistance. The synergy of metallic Cu nanoparticles and perovskite substrate with more oxygen vacancies and well hydroscopicity improved the structural stability and ensured the catalytic activity of RBZCYCu catalysts.
Unveiling the Ultrafast Electron Transfer Dynamics in Epitaxial Dodecahedron CsPbBr3/Au Heterostructure
Authors: Samanta Samaresh , Babu Kaliyamoorthy Justice , Shukla Ayushi , Kaur Gurpreet , Kaur Arshdeep , Ghosh Hirendra N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEpitaxial perovskite heterostructures consisting noble metal nanoparticles have been received immense interest in hot carrier photovoltaic devices and photocatalysis. The major understanding of carrier extraction across the interface of perovskite heterostructure have shown exciting interest for next generation device applications. In the present study, dodecahedron CsPbBr3/Au heterostructure was synthesized via hot injection method. From HR‐TEM images, we observed direct epitaxial growth between (110) plane of CsPbBr3 and (111) plane of Au nanoparticle (NPs), which was further supported by steady‐state and time‐resolved photoluminescence studies. Further, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy has been utilized to understand the charge transfer dynamics of synthesized samples. In CsPbBr3/Au heterostructure, faster recovery has been noticed than that of pristine CsPbBr3, which clearly suggests transfer of electrons from the conduction band of CsPbBr3 to Au NPs. The distinct fast electron transfer in the CsPbBr3/Au heterostructure can be mainly ascribed to the epitaxial growth and strong electronic coupling between CsPbBr3 and Au NPs. The reduced bleach intensity, faster bleach growth and recovery kinetics strongly suggest efficient electron transfer from CsPbBr3 NCs to Au NPs. These findings clearly establish that architecture of metal and perovskite heterostructures may pave way to develop suitable alternative for highly efficient photovoltaic devices and photocatalysis applications.
A reconfigurable wideband MIMO antenna combines RF energy harvesting
Authors: Das Puja , Karmakar Anirban 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis article introduces a novel and groundbreaking approach combining multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) technology with radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting. The proposed antenna consists of two semi‐circular monopole antenna components, optimized with dimensions of 89 × 51.02 × 1.6 mm3, that share a common ground plane to achieve MIMO characteristics. A series of split‐ring resonators on the ground plane significantly enhances the isolation between the two radiating components. Band‐notched features are performed in the 3.5 GHz WiMAX and 5.5 GHz WLAN bands through modified C‐shaped slots in the radiating patch and two rectangular split‐ring resonators serving as parasitic devices near the feed line. The reconfiguration of band‐notching is made possible by controlling the modes of the embedded PIN diodes. The two antenna elements maintain mutual coupling below −18 dB from 1.5–13 GHz, achieving an impressive 158.62% impedance bandwidth. The antenna's efficiency and gain experience significant drop, indicating effective interference suppression at the center frequencies of the notch bands, and its performance in MIMO systems is assessed through parameters including envelope correlation coefficient, port isolation, radiation patterns, efficiency, gain, and diversity gain. The simulated properties of the designed antenna closely align with the measured outcomes, demonstrating its reliability and consistency. Moreover, the article evaluates the antenna's potential for RF energy harvesting, achieving a maximum harvested energy of 4.88 V. This proposed antenna can be used in multiple applications, like wideband, band‐notching MIMO, and RF energy harvesting. This proposed antenna is an efficient, reconfigurable wideband MIMO antenna with novel RF energy harvesting capability.
Bilingual neurocognitive resiliency, vulnerability, and Alzheimer's disease biomarker correlates in Latino older adults enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain Study ‐ Health Disparities (HABS‐HD)
Authors: Grasso Stephanie M. , Clark Alexandra L. , Petersen Melissa , O'Bryant Sid ,   for the Health and Aging Brain Study (HABS‐HD) Study Team
Published: December 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe effects of bilingualism on neuropsychological test performance in bilinguals with and without cognitive impairment are not well‐understood and are relatively limited by small sample sizes of Latinos.METHODSUsing analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), we explored patterns of cognitive performance and impairment across a large sample of community‐dwelling bilingual and monolingual Latino older adults with (n = 180) and without (n = 643) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) enrolled in HABS‐HD.RESULTSBilinguals demonstrated cognitive resiliency in the form of significantly better performance on the Trail Making Test and Digit Symbol Substitution Test, observed across the cognitively unimpaired and MCI groups. In contrast, bilinguals demonstrated cognitive vulnerability in the form of significantly poorer performance and higher impairment rates on phonemic fluency in the MCI phase, only. Follow‐up analyses revealed less balanced bilinguals demonstrated poorer performance and higher impairment rates on this measure, supported by lower levels of plasma Aβ 42/40.DISCUSSIONPatterns of cognitive performance and impairment differ as a function of bilingualism. Bilingualism must be considered when evaluating cognitive and biomarker outcomes in Latino older adults.Highlights
Latino bilinguals perform better on measures of processing speed and coding.
Latino bilinguals with MCI demonstrate cognitive vulnerability in verbal fluency.
Less balanced bilinguals demonstrate greatest vulnerability anchored by Aβ 42/40.
Recent Advances in the Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Unnatural Tryptophans
Authors: Goswami Koushik , Chakraborty Amrita , Sinha Surajit , Jana Anupam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnnatural tryptophans are introduced to explore and engineer the dynamics, function and properties of modified proteins because of intrinsic fluorescence decay, participation in various π‐system interactions, and high occurrences of tryptophan nucleolus in proteins. Due to its role in protein stability and utility as a fluorophore, it becomes a useful unit for protein studies. Several unnatural tryptophans including the oxygen and sulfur analogues have been constructed as endogenous tryptophan analogues to modify the fluorescent character with minimal perturbation to the native structure, while others have been synthesized to probe the cellular mechanisms of protein synthesis. A number of efficient methods for the construction of this important building block, including Larock indolisation, Heck coupling, Negishi coupling and Sonagashira coupling followed by cyclisation have been widely studied and patented as well, by different research groups. Surprisingly, there is a scarcity of any comprehensive reviews on palladium catalyzed synthesis of unnatural tryptophans. Therefore, we summarized the development of different palladium catalysts, ligands and synthetic approaches for the unnatural tryptophans from 2005 to the most recent results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review on the synthesis of unnatural tryptophans.
Cherry blossom and ginkgo leaf coloration phenology dataset of China from 2009 to 2019 extracted from big data
Authors: Wang Shenghong , Liu Haolong , Qin Xinyue , Dai Junhu , Liu Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGround‐based phenological observation data are the most accurate phenological monitoring data currently available. Making effective use of available information on social media to retrieve phenological data is of considerable value in alleviating the lack of phenological data in regions with missing observation sites. In this study, a logistic curve fitting method was developed to extract phenological data on specific species from social media data. After verifying the relationship between the site observation data and the temperature, timing data for two typical phenological phenomena in China, namely cherry blossom flowering in spring and ginkgo leaf coloration in autumn were reconstructed and published. The data availability is from 2010 to 2019 in 176 cities and 2009 to 2018 in 155 cities. This dataset is an effective supplement for existing phenological data, and this method also provides a reference for obtaining phenological data for specific species.
Challenging the Status Quo in Secondary Literature Classrooms: A review of Challenging Traditional Classroom Spaces with YA Literature: Students in Community as Course Co‐designers
Authors: Walsh Jennifer A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper reviews the book Challenging Traditional Classroom Spaces with YA Literature: Students in Community as Course Co‐Designers by Ricki Ginsberg (2022). Published amid increasingly contentious censoring of teachers' autonomy and students' rights to read in many districts across the United States, this book is a timely call for educators to rethink traditional curriculum choices and pedagogical approaches in the secondary literature classroom. Ginsberg makes a strong case for privileging engaging and relevant texts utilizing YA literature and centering students and their voices in communities of practice in the classroom. She offers a wide range of approaches to make this book relevant for teachers across the spectrum of autonomy, including impactful additions to existing curriculum for those in more constrained environments and a blueprint for a stand‐alone YA literature course for those with more flexibility. Geared toward an audience of secondary literature teachers with many practical pedagogical considerations and suggestions, the solid theoretical base makes this book a useful read for literacy researchers and administrators interested in promoting student‐centered pedagogical methods, leveraging meaningful communities of practice in classroom settings, and reaping the benefits of YA literature with secondary students.
Crude Tieguanyin oolong tea polysaccharides regulate intestinal immune and gut microflora in dextran sulfate sodium‐induced mice colitis
Authors: Zhang Yuxi , Pan Yani , Lin Haiyu , Chen Xue , He Puming , Wang Yuefei , Chen Ping , Chu Qiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe global incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have been increasing. Epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and animal experiments have indicated a negative association between the consumption of tea and IBD. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of crude Tieguanyin oolong tea polysaccharides (CTPS) on experimental colitis, while also exploring the underlying mechanisms.RESULTSThe administration of CTPS significantly alleviated IBD in the mouse model, and was found to regulate T‐cell mediated immune responses in the colon by modulating cytokine production associated with T cells. Furthermore, CTPS demonstrated a positive impact on the gut microbiota, reversing the increase in pathogenic Helicobacter and enhancing the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia, Lachnospiraceae, and Odoribacter. Oral administration of CTPS also led to an improvement in intestinal metabolism, specifically by increasing the levels of short‐chain fatty acids.CONCLUSIONThis study provides the first in vivo evidence of the protective effects of CTPS on colitis in mice. The effects are likely facilitated through the regulation of T cell‐mediated responses and modulation of the gut microbiota, suggesting that CTPS may be a potential preventive and therapeutic approach for IBD. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The process of solid‐state fermentation of soybean meal: antimicrobial activity, fermentation heat generation and nitrogen solubility index
Authors: Zhu Junsong , Lu Feng , Liu Dandan , Zhao Xiaoxue , Chao Jiapin , Wang Yucheng , Luan Yu , Ma Haile 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDBacillus amyloliquefaciens has excellent protease production ability and holds great prospects for application in the solid‐state fermentation of soybean meal (SBM).RESULTSAmong eight strains of bacteria, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum CICC 10265, which exhibited higher protease production, was selected as the fermentation strain. The protease activity secreted by this strain reached 106.41 U mL−1. The microbial community structure differed significantly between natural fermentation and inoculation‐enhanced fermented soybean meal (FSBM), with the latter showing greater stability and inhibition of miscellaneous bacterial growth. During fermentation, the temperature inside the soybean meal increased, and the optimal environmental temperature for FSBM was found to be between 35 and 40 °C. Sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis and nitrogen solubility index (NSI) results demonstrated that solid‐state fermentation had a degrading effect on highly denatured proteins in SBM, resulting in an NSI of 67.1%.CONCLUSIONBacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum CICC 10265 can enhance the NSI of SBM in solid‐state fermentation and inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Spectral CT image reconstruction using a constrained optimization approach—An algorithm for AAPM 2022 spectral CT grand challenge and beyond
Authors: Hu Xiaoyu , Jia Xun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCT reconstruction is of essential importance in medical imaging. In 2022, the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) sponsored a Grand Challenge to investigate the challenging inverse problem of spectral CT reconstruction, with the aim of achieving the most accurate reconstruction results. The authors of this paper participated in the challenge and won as a runner‐up team.PurposeThis paper reports details of our PROSPECT algorithm (Prior‐based Restricted‐variable Optimization for SPEctral CT) and follow‐up studies regarding the algorithm's accuracy and enhancement of its convergence speed.MethodsWe formulated the reconstruction task as an optimization problem. PROSPECT employed a one‐step backward iterative scheme to solve this optimization problem by allowing estimation of and correction for the difference between the actual polychromatic projection model and the monochromatic model used in the optimization problem. PROSPECT incorporated various forms of prior information derived by analyzing training data provided by the Grand Challenge to reduce the number of unknown variables. We investigated the impact of projection data precision on the resulting solution accuracy and improved convergence speed of the PROSPECT algorithm by incorporating a beam‐hardening correction (BHC) step in the iterative process. We also studied the algorithm's performance under noisy projection data.ResultsPrior knowledge allowed a reduction of the number of unknown variables by . PROSPECT algorithm achieved the average root of mean square error (RMSE) of in the test data set provided by the Grand Challenge. Performing the reconstruction with the same algorithm but using double‐precision projection data reduced RMSE to . Including the BHC step in the PROSPECT algorithm accelerated the iteration process with a 40% reduction in computation time.ConclusionsPROSPECT algorithm achieved a high degree of accuracy and computational efficiency.
A strategy towards simultaneously improving strength and processability of polyamide 6 using bespoke dynamic covalent chain extender
Authors: Ye Weihua , Yuan Yanchao , Liu Shumei , Zhao Jianqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe chain extension of polyamide 6 (PA6) via a chemical reaction between a chain extender and the amino and carboxyl groups of the polymer increases the molecular weight and improves the mechanical properties, while typically deteriorates PA6 processability owing to cross‐linking. To resolve this issue, a dynamic covalent chain extender containing two anhydride groups is synthesized, which reacts only with amino groups, and employed to connect the PA6 molecular chains via the reaction between anhydride groups and terminal amino groups of PA6. On adding 3 wt% of the chain extender, the content of amino end groups is decreased from 30.6 to 5.8 μmol g−1 and the yield strength and elastic modulus of chain‐extended PA6 exceed those of original PA6 by 15.8% and 23.4%, respectively; meanwhile, the melt torque of chain‐extended PA6 is lower by 35.0% approximately, and the complex viscosity is also decreased. As far as we know, the dynamic covalent chain extender is used for the first time in the chain extension of PA6. This study provides a prospective approach to recycle PA6 for simultaneously improving mechanical properties and processability.
Hope, hype, and cure: Ethics and four‐letter words in pediatric cancer care
Authors: Unguru Yoram 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCancer occupies a special place in the collective consciousness, influencing how hope is expressed. Patients, families, and clinical teams hope for the best possible medical outcome, yet may perceive a given outcome as more or less likely to occur. Hope, hype, and cure exist along a continuum. These four‐letter words influence care delivery, including uptake of innovative therapies. Physicians shape patient/parental hope. What physicians say may be viewed as less important than how it is said. Subtle changes in how hope is understood may contribute to hype and perspectives on cure. Through listening to children/parents, physicians respect and reinforce patients’/families’ hopes.