bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HYPERSPERMIA, THE OFTEN-NEGLECTED SEMEN ABNORMALITY AFFECTING FECUNDABILITY
Authors: Markus Christian Hartanto  , Cennikon Pakpahan  , Aleksander Try Utomo  
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Hyperspermia is often ignored, but it can affect fecundability by diluting sperm and reducing sperm concentration.
Hyperspermia might be associated with genetic causes and male accessory gland infections, but no specific treatment is mentioned to treat this condition.

Abstract
Background: Hyperspermia is defined as a seminal volume greater than 6.3 ml. This definition is often ignored by physicians, while it may affect fecundability. Objective: To report a case of an adult with hyperspermia that affects his fecundability and to discuss it with the scoping review’s result. Case: A 30-year-old man came desiring to have a child. He had regular sexual intercourse with his wife for the last 3 months, after living in different cities before. Based on the semen analysis, it was found that he had hyperspermia (volume 8.2 ml) and oligozoospermia (sperm concentration 4.25 million/ml). After taking antioxidants, the seminal volume was lowered, and the couple got pregnant. Method: A scoping review was conducted by using guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). After a comprehensive search based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 3 original research were retrieved due to the rarity of articles regarding this topic. Discussion: According to previous studies, hyperspermia can affect fecund-ability by diluting the sperm, causing sperm concentration to be decreased as in this case. Genetic mutation and male accessory gland infection may be contributing factors to hyperspermia. No consensus and studies about the treatment are available. Conclusion: Hyperspermia is a semen parameter alteration that needs to be taken care of to increase fecundability.
Fungal Methane Production Controlled by Oxygen Levels and Temperature
Authors: Schroll Moritz , Lenhart Katharina , Bender Thomas , Hötten Piet , Rudolph Alexander , Sörensen Sven , Keppler Frank 
Published: February 2024

Saprotrophic fungi are key in global carbon cycling, capable of decomposing lignocellulose in wood. This study, for the first time, explores the influence of oxygen (O2) and temperature on methane (CH4) production by two fungi, Laetiporus sulphureus and Pleurotus sapidus. We examined CH4 formation under varying O2 levels (0 to 98%) and temperatures (17, 27, and 40 °C) when the fungi grew on pine wood, beech wood, and grass under sterile conditions. Our findings reveal a strong dependency of fungal CH4 production on O2 mixing ratios. Methane formation was highest when O2 levels exceeded 5%, whilst no CH4 formation was observed after complete O2 consumption by the fungi. Reintroducing O2 immediately resumed fungal CH4 production. When CH4 formation was normalized to O2 consumption (CH4_norm) a different pattern between species was observed. L. sulphureus showed higher CH4_norm rates with higher O2 levels, whereas P. sapidus showed elevated rates between 0-5% O2. Temperature also significantly influenced CH4 and CH4_norm rates, with the highest production at 27 °C, and comparatively lower rates at 17 and 40 °C. These results demonstrate that O2 levels and temperature are critical in controlling fungal CH4 emissions, a consideration necessary for future CH4 source predictions.
Effects of Stress on Transport Properties in Fractured Porous Rocks
Authors: Ba Jing , Min Jinyi , Zhang Lin , Carcione José M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The nonlinear characteristics of the rock transport properties (permeability and electrical conductivity in this study) as a function of stress are closely related to the geometry of the pore space, which consists of stiff pores, microcracks, or microfractures. We consider two behaviors of the pore space, one linear and the other exponential, related to the stiff pores and microfractures, respectively, where the relation between stress and strain can be described by the Two-Part Hooke’s Model. With this model, the relations between porosity, transport properties, and effective stress (confining minus pore pressure) can be obtained and validated with the experimental data of four tight sandstones collected from the Shaximiao Formation of Sichuan Basin, southwest China. The agreement is good. At low effective stresses, the closure of cracks is the main mechanism affecting the transport properties, whose behavior is similar in terms of their parameters. Subsequently, experimental data of nine tight sandstones from the Yanchang Formation, collected from the Ordos Basin, west China, are employed to confirm the previous results, indicating that the fluid and electrical current follow the same path in the pore space.
Reservoir Modeling Predicts Effect of Cold-Water Injection on Geothermal PTA
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: February 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 212615, “Reservoir Modeling To Predict the Effect of Cold-Water Injection in Geothermal Pressure Transient Analysis,” by Purnayan Mitra, SPE, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, and Nihal Mounir Darraj, SPE, Imperial College London. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

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Geothermal reservoirs are one of the cleanest renewable sources of energy poised to address the global energy challenge. A major issue in the exploitation of geothermal reservoirs, however, is to find best-fit analytical methods for pressure transient analysis (PTA). This is because the assumptions made to predict PTA in hydrocarbon reservoirs are not satisfied by geothermal reservoirs. In the complete paper, the effect of cold-water injection on PTA of geothermal reservoirs is studied by varying the temperature of the injected cold water from room temperature to reservoir temperature.

Introduction
A major method of extracting heat energy from the Earth is the injection of water. Cold water is injected deep into geothermal reservoirs at a depth of 2–4.5 km. In this environment, cold water is essentially heated by the hot granite rock. Hydraulic fracturing is used to produce a large crack within the geothermal reservoir. Two boreholes intercept the crack. These boreholes are used for passing the cold fluid stream and the hot stream, respectively. In many scenarios, the gradient within the geothermal reservoir is so strong that a dry stream is produced. The greater the temperature difference between the injected fluid and the interior of the Earth, the greater the heat transfer. Therefore, it is always desirable to inject cold water inside geothermal reservoirs to maximize heat transfer and extract more heat. The steam coming out from the reservoir after heat transfer is used to run turbines to generate electricity. The steam also is used for a variety of other purposes. However, instances exist in which the temperature gradient is not as high, and it is difficult to produce a sufficiently heated dry stream. In such cases, an organic Rankine cycle is used for heating the steam on the surface. In such a case, the hot water or steam mixture is passed through a heat exchanger for heating the fluid to a desired temperature.
When cold water is injected into the reservoir, a need exists to analyze the pressure transience throughout the reservoir. Different formations affect PTA in different ways. PTA across the geothermal reservoir currently is performed using the empirical correlations available for hydrocarbon reservoirs. Although the method is not 100% effective because of differences in reservoir parameters, PTA provides an idea about reservoir conditions. To reduce imperfection, it is often preferred to use reservoir parameters rather than injectate properties. In the complete paper, the authors study the effect of injected water on geothermal reservoirs while varying temperature from 14 to 312°C.
Evaluation of Stresses Induced by OT Bridge Prosthetic System with Different Number of Scews in All on Six Maxillary Prosthesis (In Vitro Study)
Authors: Alattar Shymaa Ibrahim abdalaziz , Ouda Shaimaa Lotfy Mohammed , Mohamed Sara Ibrahim Soliman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The hazardous stresses that could be induced by missing or broken screws in full-arch implant prostheses and the occasional esthetic need for eliminating screws mandate selecting stable prosthetic systems even with a lack of full screw connection. Using finite element analysis this study aims to evaluate the stresses induced by the OT-bridge system (Rhein83®) in the absence of an entire screw anchorage. After exporting the geometry information of; a CAD/CAM prototype of an edentulous maxilla with six implants, and its framework that will be simulated using OT bridge system “extragrade” abutments to the meshing software, boundary and loading conditions will be set and the analysis will be run under axial load 250 N and non- axial load 150 N at 30° inclination. The average Von Mises stress, and displacement values will be calculated for a number of 43 components of five test groups categorized according to the number and distribution of the applied screws. Data obtained from comparing the groups will be used to determine what is the maximum number of screws that could be eliminated without affecting the prosthetic stability or inducing hazardous stresses.
Metal-organic frameworks for the capture of dissolved CO2 and generated carbonate ions from water
Authors: Wuttke Stefan , Andreo Jacopo , Dutta Subhajit , Barroso Nagore , Ejsmont Aleksander , Baumgartner Bettina , Jankowska Agata , Tittel Jonas , Marcé Rafael , Frankowski Marcin , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Ploetz Evelyn , Goscianska Joanna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Anthropogenic CO2 emissions are the major driver of climate change of this century. The natural hydrological cycles cause atmospheric CO2 to be absorbed by the natural water bodies, which necessitates urgent removal of dissolved CO2 and their generated carbonate species from water. Herein, we report the first benchmark study to explore the potentials of the highly porous hybrid material class of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the effective removal of dissolved CO2 and carbonic acid species from water. Seven diverse MOFs with a wide range of structural, and compositional varieties were selected on the basis of their gaseous phase CO2 capture performance. Single component adsorption studies revealed remarkably diverse CO2 removal performances, highlighting key roles of the pH (e.g., 2, 6.3, 8.3, and 10) and the nature of the carbonic species present. Amongst all materials, JUK-8 exhibited the highest adsorption capacity of 6.79 mmol/g toward carbonic acid species at pH 6.3 (CO2 and HCO3¯). Importantly, the MOFs were also found to exhibit substantial removal performance while tested with diverse natural water samples.
Identification of a Unique Subpopulation of Mucosal Fibroblasts in Colorectal Cancer with Tumor- Restraining Characteristics
Authors: Gu Jamin , Jeong Eunjin , Gong Jeong-Ryeol , Cho Kwang-Hyun , Sung Chang Ohk , Kim Seok-Hyung 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

While Tumor-restraining cancer-associated fibroblasts (Tr-CAFs) have been investigated in various cancers, their existence in colorectal cancer remains unexplored. We performed a comprehensive analysis of diverse colorectal cancer datasets, including single-cell RNAseq/ATACseq data from colorectal samples, TCGA RNAseq, and histological samples. We identified a fibroblast subpopulation uniquely expressing ADAMDEC1, CXCL14, EDNRB, and PROCR, strongly associated with favorable patient outcomes, implicating their role as Tr-CAFs. Pseudotime trajectory analysis suggested these cells as terminally differentiated mucosal fibroblasts. Pathway analysis indicated that this subpopulation was significantly associated with tumor-suppressive functions, such as reduced extracellular matrix secretion, augmented immune response and enhanced responsiveness to immunotherapy. Single-cell ATAC-seq analysis revealed that this putative Tr-CAF subset exhibited unique epigenetic profiles characterized by super-enhancer regulated tumor-suppressive genes, thereby supporting its identity as a stable lineage rather than a transient phenotypic state induced by external stimuli. Immunohistochemistry showed that key markers identifying this putative Tr-CAF subset—CXCL14, ADAMDEC1, EDNRB, and PROCR—were predominantly localized to fibroblasts within normal colonic mucosa and less frequently in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Their expression levels exhibited statistically significant associations with favorable clinicopathological indicators, including prolonged disease-free survival. Notably, ADAMDEC1 expression in CAFs was significantly correlated with T-cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, our investigation elucidates the characteristics and clinical relevance of Tr-CAFs in colorectal cancer, suggesting novel avenues for targeted anti-CAF therapy.
Mitochondrial coding and control region variants are associated with Type-2 Diabetes in Pakistani population
Authors: Farooq Saad , Naqvi Syed Faizan-ul-Hasan , Muhammad Shahid , Piotrowska-Nowaka Agnieszka , Bukhari Syed Ali Raza Shah , Javed Ahsan , Irfan Muhammad , Khan Ishtiaq Ahmad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Sequence changes of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are involved in many human diseases. Mitochondrial DNA variants have been associated with development of type 2 diabetes, which is becoming more prevalent in the Pakistani population. We conducted a case-control study to investigate the role of mtDNA variants associated with diabetes in the Pakistani population.
Results
Analysis of the HVS2 region showed two variants m.309_310insCT and m.315dup were associated with diabetes. By analyzing complete mtDNA, no variant was found to have significantly different distribution between groups. However, comparison of our diabetic samples’ variants with 1000 Genome Project variants showed eight highly significant variations in mitochondrial genome, four in non-coding region i.e. (m.513G > A, m.195T > C, m.16189T > C, m.16265A > C) and four in coding regions i.e. m.9336A > G (CO-III gene), m.11935T > C (ND4 gene), m.14766C > T (CYB gene) and m.7193T > C (CO-I gene) the last one being a rare mitochondrial variant also. We also found one novel variant m.570C > CACCC in the diabetic group.
Conclusion
We found specific variations in the mitochondrial genome are associated with type 2 diabetes in the Pakistani patients. These findings suggest that mtDNA variations may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes in the Pakistani population.
Gastric Amyloidosis- A Case Report
Authors: Kibria Md.Golam , Khalil Md.Musab , Saha Tanmoy , Hossain Anwar , Gain Gobinda , Miah Shah Alam , Datta Raj , Alam Jan E , Khan Sharmin Tahmina , Akter Dilruba , Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Akhter Tuhin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Amyloidosis are abnormal misfolded proteins that are resistant to degradation. Due to defective metabolism, they may be deposited in various organs causing organ dysfunction. Localized amyloidosis is a rare disorder.
Case Presentation: We are describing a case of isolated Gastric amyloidosis who presented with recurrent hematemesis and melena due to gastric ulcers. Gastroscopy revealed Multiple Gastric ulcers of variable sizes and shapes. Biopsy followed by histopathology with Congo red staining revealed Gastric amyloidosis.
Conclusion: Amyloidosis is a rare disorder. Localized amyloidosis is much rarer compared to systemic amyloidosis. Compared to systemic amyloidosis, localized amyloidosis has a better prognosis. High level of suspicion is needed to diagnose amyloidosis as a rare case of gastric ulcer.
Associations between metabolic syndrome and allergic diseases: a nationwide study in Korea and literature review
Authors: Kwon Min Jung , An Jihye , Yu Jin Woo , Kim Jung Eun , Bae Youin , Park Young Lip , Moon Jong Youn , Lee Sul Hee 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma are typical allergic diseases, with a common pathogenesis involving increased type 2 immunity. Despite numerous studies, the association between these diseases and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial. This study aimed to explore relationships between AD, AR, and asthma both to MetS and to each of its components. Population-based, cross-sectional data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2019 to 2020. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between allergic diseases and MetS. The results were compared with those of previous studies of the association between MetS and allergic diseases, identified in a literature review following a search of PubMed and the Cochrane Library. Based on assessments of 1,329, 4,824, and 1,172 patients with AD, AR, and asthma, respectively, negative associations between both AD and AR and MetS were determined, after adjusting for confounding factors. By contrast, asthma was positively associated with MetS (odds ratio [OR] 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50–0.67; OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.67–0.78; OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.51–1.92, respectively). The heterogeneous findings highlight the need for further investigation of associations between the studied allergic diseases and MetS as well as each of its components.
Air pollution weakens global spring greening
Authors: Wu Chaoyang , Hua Hao , Wang Jian , Dong Lingwen , Zohner Constantin , Penuelas Josep , Wang Yunqi , Zhou Yuyu , Peng Shushi , Zhu Zaichun , Wei Jing , Yuan Wenping , Chen Xiuzhi , Chen Lei , Fu Yongshuo , Li Jialing , Ju Weimin , Zhou Yanlian , Liang Dan , Friedlingstein Pierre , Sitch Stephen , Guo Yuming , Ge Quansheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Climate change is causing widespread land surface greening in spring1–4, but the impacts of anthropogenic air pollution on these changes remain poorly understood. Using global ground and satellite observations of fine particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) from 2000 to 2020, here we show that PM2.5 concentration offsets global spring greening as indicated by significant decreases in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), and solar-induced fluorescence (SIF). Our experiments and meta-analyses involving up to 104 worldwide species reveal that pollution-induced greenness declines are primarily due to physical blockage and damage to leaf stomata. However, factors such as increased diffuse radiation and nitrogen deposition may occasionally enhance greening. Moreover, we observed significant variations among state-of-art terrestrial ecosystem models in replicating these greenness declines, with incorrect representation of PM2.5 effects on vegetation greening for roughly one third of global land coverage, further underscoring the importance of empirical data for benchmarking these models. This study reveals the negative feedback between anthropogenic air pollution and terrestrial carbon uptake, emphasizing the critical need for major polluting countries to mitigate air pollution and CO2 emissions.
Stem cells ameliorate neurotrauma-induced visual disturbances and retinopathy via broad normalization of the β-catenin-related signaling pathway
Authors: Hwang Suan , Lee Chia-Yi , Tseng Chung-Hsin , Wu Ting-Feng , Chao Pi-Yu , Liu Wen-Pin , Lu Anthony , Yeh Chao-Hung , Chang Ching-Ping , Chio Chung-Ching , Kuo Shu-Chun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

To determine the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on brain trauma-induced retinopathy both in vivo and in vitro. Repeated traumatic brain injury (TBI) was induced by lateral fluid percussion in adult male Wistar rats under general anesthesia. The sham and TBI groups received an intravenous dose of normal saline (1 mL/kg of body weight) or MSC (4 × 106 cells/ml/kg) on day 3 after surgery, respectively. The visual cliff method and modified neurological severity score were used to test the visual and neurobehavioral function of rats. Thirty-five days after TBI, rats were euthanized, and histochemical analyses were conducted. Cultured R28 cells were subjected to a stretch injury (SI) and then cocultured with MSC. The R28 cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondria membrane potential, radical oxygen species (ROS) generation, protein signaling, and growth factors composition were measured. Rats, 35 days post-TBI, displayed both visual disturbances and neurobehavioral deficits. Simultaneously, reduced RGC layer thickness, decreased cell numbers, increased RGC apoptosis, and decreased b-catenin-containing neurons were noted. Our in vitro studies further demonstrated that SI caused reduced cell viability, neuronal apoptosis and autophagy, mitochondria distress, increased intracellular ROS contents, and decreased b-catenin expression in cultured R28. Intravenous administration of MSC significantly ameliorated the visual disturbance and retinopathies in TBI rats. Topical application of MSC significantly attenuated stretch injury-induced cell stress responses in cultured RGC. MSC therapy might ameliorate visual disturbances and retinopathies in rats with neurotrauma via broad normalization of retinal b-catenin-related signaling pathways.
Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Adherence Barriers of Pregnant Women and New Mothers Living with HIV in Greater Gaborone, Botswana
Authors: Kelepile Matlhogonolo , Grady Sue C. , Hughes Anne K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In 2021 Botswana was certified with a silver-tiered status by the World Health Organization, as it reduced mother-to-child HIV transmission to under 5%, provided antenatal care and antiretroviral therapy (ART) to over 90% of pregnant women, and attained a HIV case rate of less than 500 cases per 100,000 live births. This study aims to assist Botswana in obtaining gold-tier status by providing insights into stressors associated with new motherhood for women living with HIV and how these stressors contribute to Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) non-adherence in Greater Gaborone. A mixed-methods approach included surveying a sample of pregnant women (n = 14) and new mothers (n = 53) attending 21 ART clinics. Cox proportional hazard models examined the hypothesis “with increasing time diagnosis to ART exposure, the likelihood of PMTCT non-adherence will increase” particularly for women experiencing individual stressors exacerbated by extreme heat and water rationing. Content analysis was used to interpret qualitative findings. Results show that a majority of pregnant women and new mothers had partners who were also HIV+ (n = 45) and some women did not disclose (n = 12) or were unsure if their partner (n = 10) knew of their HIV status. For mothers who were unemployed and dependent upon their partner for economic security, extreme heat and water rationing were barriers to personal care and psychological well-being. Public health messaging that helps pregnant women and new mothers communicate the sensitive topic of HIV with their partner is needed, and clinics should ensure water availability to promote clinic attendance and PMTCT adherence.