bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of therapeutic skills use and their dynamic relations to symptom change during cognitive‐behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa
Authors: D'Adamo Laura , Linardon Jake , Manasse Stephanie M. , Juarascio Adrienne S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine trajectories of therapeutic skills use and weekly relations between skills use and symptom change during the enhanced version of cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT‐E) for bulimia nervosa (BN).MethodFifty‐five adults (M age: 39.0 ± 14.1; 83.9% female; 64.3% White, 93.6% non‐Hispanic/Latino) receiving CBT‐E for BN‐spectrum eating disorders (EDs) self‐monitored their use of five therapeutic skills (i.e., regular eating, eating enough to prevent excessive hunger and eating a range of macronutrients, breaking dietary rules, urge management strategies, and mood management strategies) several times per day during treatment. Patients also self‐reported their ED symptoms (i.e., frequency of binge eating, compensatory behaviors, and dietary restraint) weekly. We examined trajectories of use of each CBT‐E skill and temporal relations between skills use and ED symptoms from week‐to‐week during treatment.ResultsParticipants showed significant increases in eating enough to prevent excessive hunger and eating a range of macronutrients from week‐to‐week (p < .05). Regular eating, eating enough to prevent excessive hunger, and eating a range of macronutrients 1 week predicted lower binge eating and compensatory behaviors the same week and the following week, and urge management strategy use predicted greater binge eating the same week and the following week (p < .05).ConclusionsResults showed temporal relationships between therapeutic skills use and symptom change on a weekly level, with evidence that using skills targeting dietary restraint was associated with lower BN symptoms. Findings highlight the promise of future work to elucidate the most potent CBT‐E skills for symptom improvement and inform more targeted interventions.Public SignificanceFindings showed weekly relationships between therapeutic skills use and symptom change during treatment, with evidence that using CBT‐E skills aimed to reduce dietary restraint (i.e., regular eating, eating enough to prevent excessive hunger, and eating a range of macronutrients) was associated with lower BN symptoms. Future work has the potential to identify the most potent CBT‐E skills for symptom improvement and inform more targeted interventions.
Limiting resources for soil microbial growth in climate change simulation treatments in the subarctic
Authors: Yuan Mingyue , Na Meng , Hicks Lettice C. , Rousk Johannes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe microbial use of resources to sustain life and reproduce influences for example, decomposition and plant nutrient provisioning. The study of “limiting factors” has shed light on the interaction between plants and their environment. Here, we investigated whether carbon (C), nitrogen (N), or phosphorus (P) was limiting for soil microorganisms in a subarctic tundra heath, and how changes in resource availability associated with climate change affected this. We studied samples in which changes in resource availability due to climate warming were simulated by the addition of birch litter and/or inorganic N. To these soils, we supplied factorial C (as glucose), N (as NH4NO3), and P (as KH2PO4/K2HPO4) additions (“limiting factor assays,” LFA), to determine the limiting factors. The combination of C and P induced large growth responses in all soils and, combined with a systematic tendency for growth increases by C, this suggested that total microbial growth was primarily limited by C and secondarily by P. The C limitation was alleviated by the field litter treatment and strengthened by N fertilization. The microbial growth response to the LFA‐C and LFA‐P addition was strongest in the field‐treatment that combined litter and N addition. We also found that bacteria were closer to P limitation than fungi. Our results suggest that, under a climate change scenario, increased C availability resulting from Arctic greening, treeline advance, and shrubification will reduce the microbial C limitation, while increased N availability resulting from warming will intensify the microbial C limitation. Our results also suggest that the synchronous increase of both C and N availability might lead to a progressive P limitation of microbial growth, primarily driven by bacteria being closer to P limitation. These shifts in microbial resource limitation might lead to a microbial targeting of the limiting element from organic matter, and also trigger competition for nutrients between plants and microorganisms, thus modulating the productivity of the ecosystem.
Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Annulation of 3‐Aryl‐2H‐benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxides with Vinylene Carbonates
Authors: Ittamalla Chaitanya , Chary D.Yogananda , Balasubramanian Sridhar , Reddy B. V. Subba 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA novel method has been developed for the synthesis of fused dihydroisoquinoline frameworks through a Rh(III)‐catalyzed annulation of 3‐aryl‐2H‐benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxides with vinylene carbonates by C−H bond activation. This is the first report on the oxidative C−H functionalization of aryl‐2H‐benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxide with vinylene carbonate to afford angularly fused heterocycles in good yields with high functional group tolerance. In this approach, vinylene carbonate acts as a glycolaldehyde surrogate to construct the fused dihydroisoquinoline ring systems.
Cultivated meat manufacturing: Technology, trends, and challenges
Authors: Kirsch Marline , Morales‐Dalmau Jordi , Lavrentieva Antonina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe growing world population, public awareness of animal welfare, environmental impacts and changes in meat consumption leads to the search for novel approaches to food production. Novel foods include products with a new or specifically modified molecular structure, foods made from microorganisms, fungi, algae or insects, as well as from animal cell or tissue cultures. The latter approach is known by various names: “clean meat”, “in vitro meat” and “cell‐cultured” or “(cell‐)cultivated meat”. Here, cells isolated from agronomically important species are expanded ex vivo to produce cell biomass used in unstructured meat or to grow and differentiate cells on scaffolds to produce structured meat analogues. Despite the fast‐growing field and high financial interest from investors and governments, cultivated meat production still faces challenges ranging from cell source choice, affordable expansion, use of cruelty‐free and food‐grade media, regulatory issues and consumer acceptance. This overview discusses the above challenges and possible solutions and strategies in the production of cultivated meat. The review integrates multifaceted historical, social, and technological insights of the field, and provides both an engaging comprehensive introduction for general interested and a robust perspective for experts.
Medicinal foods and plants with antiaging properties: A review of in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Kazeem Mutiu Idowu , Mellem John Jason , Sabiu Saheed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAging is a natural process by which organisms experience physiological decline leading to susceptibility to morbidity and mortality. There are no known antiaging drugs but there is a myriad of medicinal foods and plants that have been used in managing the state. Several studies have also been conducted on the antiaging properties of medicinal plants and foods, but these pieces of information are scattered. This paper attempts to integrate available information on medicinal foods and plants as well as isolated chemical compounds with antiaging potential. It also provides different models (in vitro and in vivo) that are used in evaluating the potency of natural products. Current literature on the subject was obtained from different databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. A total of 119 medicinal plants and 50 isolated compounds were reported in this study. Different models were also used to evaluate the efficacy of these plants which include in vitro (enzyme inhibition, use of cell lines) and in vivo (Caenorhabditis elegans, yeast, fruit fly, mice, and rats) models. It can be concluded that medicinal foods and plants are reservoirs of potential therapeutic agents that can efficiently modulate metabolic processes implicated in aging and its associated disorders.
Antifatigue effects and antioxidant activity in polysaccharide fractions from Chinese yam bulbils
Authors: Zhou Hai‐Xu , Zhang Xiao , Huang Ren‐gui , Su Tong‐chao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolysaccharides are the principal component in Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) bulbils. The properties and antifatigue of polysaccharides from yam bulbils (PYB) were identified and compared. Their molecular weights (PYB‐1 and PYB‐2) were approximately 145 and 11 kDa, respectively, with active β‐configurations. Meanwhile, the antifatigue activities of PYBs were tested in mice via exhaustive swimming tests (EST). The EST results indicated that PYB‐1 and PYB‐2 significantly prolonged swimming time in mice (p < .05). Associated with this increase was a rise in hepatic glycogen content and antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px)) activity, along with a decline in blood urea nitrogen, lactic acid, and malondialdehyde levels. The results showed that molecular weight might contribute to the antifatigue effects of PYBs. Additionally, antioxidant tests showed that PYB‐1 had stronger free‐radical scavenging activity than PYB‐2. Taken together, the findings indicated that PYBs exhibited effective antifatigue and antioxidant activities providing additional evidence supporting the use of PYBs as functional food ingredients for relieving fatigue.
The global burden of disease due to benign gynecological conditions: A call to action
Authors: Wijeratne Dileep , Gibson Joanna F. E. , Fiander Alison , Rafii‐Tabar Elizabeth , Thakar Ranee 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveFocusing on low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), this article uses data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database to highlight the burden of morbidity due to benign gynecological conditions (BGCs).MethodsWe analyzed 2019 morbidity data for all BGCs, measured as years lost to disability (YLDs). Disease burden was calculated for individual conditions, BGCs overall, and percentages of overall disease burden from all conditions. The same data extraction was performed for malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS for comparison. The data were subcategorized by age and World Bank income level.ResultsBGCs are major causes of disease morbidity worldwide. For women aged 15 years and over in high‐income countries (HICs), 3 588 157 YLDs (3.94% of all YLDs) were due to BGC. In LMICs, 18 242 989 YLDs (5.35% of all YLDs) were due to BGCs. The highest burden of BGCs is seen during the reproductive years where conditions driven or exacerbated by reproductive hormones are the major causes of morbidity. In LMICs, for women aged 15–49, 14 574 100 YLDs (7.75% of all YLDs) were due to BGCs, declining to 3 152 313 YLDs (3.04%) in women aged 50–69 and 529 399 YLDs (1.06%) in women age 70+.ConclusionThese data demonstrate a huge burden of morbidity due to BGCs. There is an urgent need for international stakeholders to prioritize the treatment and prevention of BGCs.
The impact of cascade training—A FIGO and WHO Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research collaboration to improve access to quality family planning globally
Authors: Makins Anita , Hearing Francesca , Taghinejadi Neda , Kiarie James , Kabra Rita , Arulkumaran Sir Sabaratnam , Steyn Petrus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlobally, there are considerable barriers to accessing safe and effective contraceptive methods. Increased awareness and utilization among obstetricians and gynecologists (OB/GYNs) and allied health professionals of the WHO's tools and guidelines on contraception is a possible avenue to changing this. A cascade‐training model, based on regional training‐of‐trainer workshops followed by national workshops, was used to share key WHO global family planning tools and guidelines among OB/GYNs in 29 countries across three regions—Anglophone Africa, Middle East and Mediterraean, and Francophone West Africa. Monitoring and evaluation was performed through pre‐ and post‐knowledge questionnaires as well as in‐depth interviews of key informants before and after the training was instituted. The training increased both participants' knowledge and understanding of the relevant guidelines, as well as their confidence in using them. Qualitative data suggested that this improved in‐country clinical practice and influenced national policy through dissemination and engagement with country leadership. The cascade‐training model was a practical, locally adaptable means of disseminating up‐to‐date WHO family planning guidelines and tools. It resulted in sustainable changes in many participating countries, including training curriculum updates, policy changes, and increased government engagement with family planning. Future iterations of the initiative would benefit from additional support for multidisciplinary training.
High sensitivity of semimetal photodetection via Bose–Einstein condensation
Authors: Wu Tuntan , Qiu Qinxi , Li Yongzhen , Zhou Qiangguo , Ma Wanli , Li Jingbo , Jiang Lin , Zhou Wei , Huang Zhiming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe discovery of semiconductor has witnessed remarkable strides toward high performance of photodetectors attributed to its excellent carrier properties. However, semimetal, owning to the high carrier concentration and low carrier mobility compared to those of semiconductor, is generally considered unsuitable for photodetection. Herein, we demonstrate an outstanding photodetection in a layered semimetal titanium diselenide (TiSe2) in Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) state. High sensitivity of semimetal photodetector is realized in the range of visible, infrared and terahertz bands. The noise equivalent power (NEP) has threefold improvement at the visible and infrared wavebands, and significant decrease by one order of magnitude in the terahertz frequencies via BEC phenomenon, attributed to the electrical parameter variation after condensation. The best NEP value in the terahertz frequency is comparable to that of commercial Si photodetector. Our results show another recipe to fabricate high performance of photodetection via semimetal except for semiconductor and pave the way to exploit macroscopic quantum phenomena for optoelectronics.image
Therapeutic plasma exchange in refractory Susac's syndrome: A brief report
Authors: Salazar Ryan D. , Weidner Krystol R. , Alquist Caroline R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSusac's syndrome (SuS) is an autoimmune endotheliopathy that typically presents with the clinical triad of encephalopathy, hearing loss, and branch retinal artery occlusion. It has a wide range of possible presentations, and its pathogenesis remains uncertain. Fulminant and refractory cases are difficult to treat, and no standard treatment protocol has been established. However, therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been described as an adjunctive therapy in several SuS cases. Herein we present a case of a 63‐year‐old male with debilitating encephalopathy and recent hearing and vision loss, who responded favorably to TPE. Given this and other published reports of plasma exchange therapy for SuS, treatment protocols should consider TPE in early stages of disease.
Fractionated plasma separation and adsorption integrated with continuous veno‐venous hemofiltration in patients with acute liver failure: A single center experience from China
Authors: Dong Jianhua , Huang Li , Li Chuan , Wu Bian , Yang Xi , Ge Yongchun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of fractionated plasma separation and adsorption integrated with continuous veno‐venous hemofiltration (FPSA‐CVVH) treatment in patients with acute liver failure (ALF).MethodsIn this retrospective study, we enrolled patients with ALF (serum total bilirubin >10 mg/dL or Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease [MELD] Score >18) hospitalized between August 2017 and August 2022. All patients had at least two sessions of FPSA‐CVVH. The primary measure of treatment efficacy was the reduction ratios (RRs) of bilirubin after each session of FPSA‐CVVH.ResultsSeventy‐eight patients with ALF were enrolled. The MELD score at baseline was 22.9 ± 7.5. The mean total bilirubin was 22.05 ± 5.94 mg/dL, direct bilirubin was 16.33 ± 4.60 mg/dL and indirect bilirubin was 3.43 ± 1.60 mg/dL. One hundred and eighty seven sessions of FPSA‐CVVH treatment lasting 8 hours each were performed. After a single session, serum total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin were significantly decreased. RRs were 52.0% ± 7.6% for total bilirubin, 59.4% ± 13.0% for direct bilirubin and 36.9% ± 15.4% for indirect bilirubin. Twenty nine patients (37.2%) survived and were discharged from the hospital, 12 of them recovered their liver function while the remaining 17 patients needed intermittent artificial liver support therapy.ConclusionFPSA‐CVVH therapy is an effective artificial liver support therapy in patients with ALF. It may be considered as a “bridge technique” to the recovery of liver function in critical ill patients with ALF.
Analytical modelling of ultra‐small group delay variation of ultra‐broadband RF power amplifier using NSGA‐II algorithm
Authors: Kumar Kunal , Kumar Sandeep , Kanaujia Binod Kumar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a ± 9.4 ps ultra‐small group delay (GD) variation of fully integrated 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) power amplifier (PA) over 6.5–17 GHz broadband for wireless application. The proposed CMOS PA is realised by using broadband stage, RLC inter‐stage and power stage topologies. The non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA‐II) is employed for PA parameter optimisation to ensure a small GD variation of ±9.4 ps over broadband with an excellent small signal gain flatness of 23.65 ± 1.85 for 6.5–17 GHz. The small GD variation of ±9.4 ps and ± 11.05 ps are attained under two cases of DC supply voltages of 2.4/1.2 V and 1.2/1.2 V, respectively. To the best of author's knowledge, the achieved GD variations are lowest among all CMOS PAs as reported so far. In addition, an analytical modelling of GD is derived to validating the minimum GD variation using zero‐pole compensation. With supply voltages of 2.4/1.2 V at 6.5 GHz, the large signal power gain, Psat and OP1dB are 26 dB, 19.3 dBm and 17.94 dBm, respectively, while peak power added efficiency (PAE) is 38.196%. At reduced supply voltages of 1.2/1.2 V, the PA achieves maximum power gain of 17.7 dB and peak PAE of 35% at 6.5 GHz. The CMOS PA occupies an area of 0.206 mm2.
Cloud characteristics over the Yunnan–Guizhou plateau as observed by MODIS and Himawari‐8
Authors: Yu Lu , Zhuge Xiaoyong , Yuan Weihua , Gao Ni , Li Jian , Fu Yunfei , Chen Fengjiao , Yao Bin , Tang Fei , Kan Wanlin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCloud descriptions and parameterizations are major sources of uncertainty in weather and climate modelling studies. In this study, we investigated the cloud properties over the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau (YGP) by using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Himawari‐8 (H8_Japan and H8_Zhuge) cloud datasets. Corresponding to their distinct terrain features, the cloud climate patterns on the western and eastern sides of the YGP are different. Our results show that the spatial patterns of the cloud parameters in all three datasets are very similar over the YGP, especially the cloud cover and cloud effective radius. The high cloud frequency region is located to the east of Yunnan–Guizhou quasi‐stationary front in cold season, and the largest gradient is along front. On frontal days, the regional differences in the cloud properties over the YGP are much more obvious, with the cloud cover across the front increasing from ~20%–35% on its western side to more than 95% on its eastern side. Furthermore, higher thin clouds with larger cloud effective radius typically exist on the western side of the front, while lower thick clouds with smaller particles appear on its eastern side. This study enhances our understanding how cloud characteristics impact by the frontal system and provide a valuable insight for the design and improvement of cloud microphysics parameters in weather forecast models over the YGP region.
Possible role of annexin A1/FPR2 pathway in COX2/NLRP3 inflammasome regulation in alveolar bone cells of estrogen‐deficient female rats with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sasso Gisela Rodrigues Da Silva , Cerri Paulo Sérgio , Sasso‐Cerri Estela , Simões Manuel Jesus , Gil Cristiane Damas , Florencio‐Silva Rinaldo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnnexin A1 (ANXA1) and the NOD‐like receptor family pyrin domain‐containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome play important roles in bone remodeling. However, expression profiles of these factors in bone cells under diabetes mellitus (DM) and estrogen‐deficient conditions are poorly understood. This study investigated the immunoexpression of ANXA1 and its formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), as well as NLRP3 inflammasome mediators, during remodeling of the alveolar process in diabetic and estrogen‐deficient rats.MethodsTwenty adult female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 5): Sham‐operated (SHAM) and ovariectomized (OVX) rats received a vehicle solution, and SHAM and OVX rats were intraperitoneally administered 60 mg/kg/body weight (BW) of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce DM (SHAM‐Di and OVX‐Di groups). After 7 weeks, the rats were euthanized and their maxillae were fixed in phosphate‐buffered 4% formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) and picrosirius red or subjected to immunohistochemical detection of ANXA1, FPR2, NLRP3, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX2).ResultsEstrogen deficiency and DM were associated with deleterious effects in bone tissue, as evidenced by a lower number of osteocytes and higher number of empty lacunae in the SHAM‐Di and OVX‐Di groups compared to the nondiabetic groups. Both diabetic groups showed a smaller vascular area and weaker collagen fiber birefringence intensity in alveolar bone tissue. A significantly higher number of ANXA1/FPR2‐positive osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts was accompanied by a significantly higher number of these cells immunolabeled for COX2, NLRP3, and IL‐1β in the diabetic and OVX groups, especially in both estrogen‐deficient and diabetic rats.ConclusionThese results indicate a possible role for the ANXA1/FPR2 pathway as a fine‐tuning/anti‐inflammatory regulator to counterbalance exacerbated COX2/NLRP3/IL‐1β activation in bone cells during bone remodeling under estrogen deficiency and DM.