bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coiled coil miniprotein randomization on phage leads to charge pattern mimicry of the receptor recognition determinant of interleukin 5
Authors: Li Chuanzhao , Plugariu Carmela G. , Bajgier Joanna , White John R. , Liefer Kristin M. , Wu Sheng‐Jiun , Chaiken Irwin 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPhage display was used to identify sequences that mimic structural determinants in interleukin5 (IL5) for IL5 receptor recognition. A coiled coil stem loop (CCSL) miniprotein scaffold library was constructed with its turn region randomized and panned for binding variants against human IL5 receptor α chain (IL5Rα). Competition enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays identified CCSL‐phage selectants for which binding to IL5Rα was competed by IL5. The most frequently selected and IL5‐competed CCSL‐phage contain charged residues Arg and Glu in their turn sequences, in this regard resembling a β strand sequence in the ‘CD turn’ region, of IL5, that has been proposed to present a key determinant for IL5 receptor α chain recognition. The most dominant CCSL‐phage selectant sequence, PVEGRV, contains a negative/positive charge pattern similar to that seen in the original CD turn. To test the relatedness of CCSL‐phage selectant sequences to the IL5 receptor recognition epitope, PVEGRV was grafted into the sequence 87–92 of a monomeric IL5. The resulting IL5 variant, [87PVEGRV92]GM1, was able to bind to IL5Rα in biosensor assays, to elicit TF‐1 cell proliferation and to induce STAT5 phosphorylation in TF‐1 cells. The results help discern sequence patterns in the IL5 CD turn region which are key in driving receptor recognition and demonstrate the utility of CCSL miniprotein scaffold phage display to identify local IL5 mimetic sequence arrangements that may ultimately lead to IL5 antagonists. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Arterioportal shunts mimicking hepatic tumors with hyperintensity on T2‐weighted MR images
Authors: Matsuo Masayuki , Kanematsu Masayuki , Kondo Hiroshi , Maeda Sunaho , Goshima Satoshi , Suenaga Ichiro , Hoshi Hiroaki 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report and assess the imaging findings in a patient with multiple arterioportal shunting mimicking multiple hypervascular tumors that showed multiple areas of hyperintensity with gadolinium‐enhanced gradient‐recalled‐echo images obtained in the hepatic arterial phase and corresponding areas of slight hyperintensity with T2‐weighted images. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;15:330–333. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combined time‐resolved and high‐spatial‐resolution 3D MRA using an extended adaptive acquisition
Authors: Mazaheri Yousef , Carroll Timothy J. , Du Jiang , Block Walter F. , Fain Sean B. , Hany Thomas F. , Aagaard Beverly D.L. , Strother Charles M. , Mistretta Charles A. , Grist Thomas M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPurposeTo combine the benefits of time‐resolved dynamic imaging and single elliptical centric acquisitions in a reasonable scan time.Materials and MethodsA time series of images with moderate spatial resolution was acquired using the 3D Time‐Resolved Imaging of Contrast KineticS (3D TRICKS) technique with elliptical centric encoding during contrast arrival. Following venous opacification, a complete large centrically encoded k‐space volume was acquired. The high‐spatial‐frequency portions of this volume were combined with a 3D TRICKS time frame to form a high‐resolution image. An additional single image is formed by suppressing background and signal averaging all acquired data, including post‐venous low‐spatial‐frequency data. For this image, 2D temporal correlation analysis is used to suppress low‐spatial‐frequency vein contributions. Arrival time and spatial correlations are used to suppress background.ResultsThe 3D TRICKS time frame may be selected to ensure a combined high‐resolution image that has optimal central k‐space sampling for any vascular region. The single image formed by signal averaging all acquired data has increased contrast‐to‐noise (CNR) and signal‐to‐noise (SNR) ratios.ConclusionThe advantages of time‐resolved and high‐spatial‐resolution imaging were combined using an extended dual‐phase acquisition. Some SNR and CNR gain was achieved by signal averaging. This process is facilitated by background and vein suppression. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;15:291–301. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A fast FLAIR dual‐echo technique for hippocampal T2 relaxometry: First experiences in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Woermann Friedrich G. , Steiner Herbert , Barker Gareth J. , Bartlett Philippa A. , Elger Christian E. , Duncan John S. , Symms Mark R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTo evaluate the use of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signal nulling in MR T2 measurements of the hippocampus in normal control subjects and patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), dual‐echo acquisitions covering the whole brain were used. T2 relaxation times were estimated in 12 standard Eurospin II MR test objects and in the hippocampi of 10 control subjects, using T2 maps constructed from conventional spin‐echo (CSE), fast spin‐echo (FSE), and fast FLAIR (FF) dual‐echo sequences on a 1.5‐T MR scanner. Hippocampal T2 values (HCT2) were measured on contiguous coronal 5‐mm slices throughout the antero‐posterior extent of each hippocampus in the 10 controls and 12 TLE patients, using both CSE and FF. Scan‐rescan reproducibility in Eurospin II standard MR test objects was high for all sequences. There was a good correlation between T2 values from CSE, FF, and FSE sequences in test objects and in control hippocampi. In controls, the coefficient of variation of mean HCT2 values differed between slice positions, but was lowest for FF, followed by CSE data. The intrarater coefficient of reliability between repeated measurements in control subjects was lowest for FF HCT2, at 2.3%. The interrater coefficient of reliability for CSE HCT2 measurements in controls (4.8%) was slightly lower than the interrater coefficient for FF HCT2 (5.4%). HCT2 measurement with both CSE and FF identified abnormal values in the same 10 hippocampi of 12 patients. Hippocampal dual‐echo T2 relaxometry using CSF nulling is reliable in control subjects, and identifies the abnormal hippocampi in patients with TLE. The increases in hippocampal T2 signal demonstrated using FF HCT2 measurements are unlikely to be partial volume effects from CSF. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:547–552. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Language dominance assessment by means of fMRI: Contributions from task design, performance, and stimulus modality
Authors: Hund‐Georgiadis Margret , Lex Ulrike , von Cramon D. Yves 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe investigated the influence of different task demands, task designs, and presentation modalities on the functional MRI activation patterns during a language lateralization task in a group of 14 right‐handed control subjects. A word classification task was presented as target task appropriate to evoke language‐related activation in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). The choice of the contrasting baseline task was demonstrated to have a major impact on the functional outcome: While a fixation baseline elicited activations in the inferior frontal gyrus of both hemispheres, a nonsemantic perceptual control task helped to isolate the relevant target task of word classification. The modality of stimulus presentation did not influence the functional data: Auditory and visual presentation modes broadly evoked activations in similar brain regions during word classification. Minor differences in task performance and the side of the responding hand did not interfere with the functional activation patterns of the target task. On the basis of our results, a protocol of functional lateralization in the inferior frontal gyrus is suggested. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:668–675. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Collision‐induced fragmentation of deprotonated methoxylated flavonoids, obtained by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Justesen Ulla 
Published: August 2002

AbstractElectrospray operated in the negative mode was used to analyse methoxylated flavonoids. They were found to produce radical anions by collision‐induced fragmentation of the aglycones. Loss of a methyl group from the deprotonated molecule corresponding to [M − H − 15]−. ions, as well as [M − H − 15–28]−. and [M − H − 15–29]− fragment ions, were found to constitute the characteristic fragmentation for the monomethoxylated species, whereas [M − H − 15]−., [M − H − 30]− and [M − H − 30–28]− were predominant for the polymethoxylated species. Obtained under similar conditions, the product‐ion spectra of isomeric compounds were characteristically different. It is therefore possible to distinguish between methoxylated flavonoids with identical molecular mass, e.g. when screening plant extracts for flavonoid composition. However, comparison with standard compounds is necessary for the identification of unknown flavonoid aglycones. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interaction between synthetic amyloid‐β‐peptide (1–40) and its aggregation inhibitors studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Skribanek Zsolt , Baláspiri Lajos , Mák Marianna 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIt is generally postulated that amyloid‐β‐peptides play a central role in the progressive neurodegeneration observed in Alzheimer's disease. Important pathological properties of these peptides, such as neurotoxicity and resistance to proteolytic degradation, depend on the ability of amyloid‐β‐peptides to form β‐sheet structures and/or amyloid fibrils. Amyloid‐β‐peptides are known to aggregate spontaneously in vitro with the formation of amyloid fibrils. The intervention on the amyloid‐β‐peptides aggregation process can be envisaged as an approach to stopping or slowing the progression of Alzheimer's disease. In the last few years a number of small molecules have been reported to interfere with the in vitro aggregation of amyloid‐β‐peptides. Melatonin, a hormone recently found to protect neurons against amyloid‐β‐peptide toxicity, interacts with amyloid‐β‐peptide (1–40) and amyloid‐β‐peptide (1–42) and inhibits the progressive formation of β‐sheet and/or amyloid fibrils. These interactions between melatonin and the amyloid peptides have been demonstrated by circular dichroism (CD) and electron microscopy for amyloid‐β‐peptide (1–40) and amyloid‐β‐peptide (1–42) and by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for amyloid‐β‐peptide (1–40). Our electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (ESI‐MS) studies also proved that there is a hydrophobic interaction between amyloid‐β‐peptide (1–40) and melatonin and the proteolytic investigations suggested that the interaction took place on the 29–40 amyloid‐β‐peptide segment. The wide‐ranging application of these results would provide further information and help in biological research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural characterization of lipopeptide biomarkers isolated from Bacillus globigii
Authors: Williams Bruce H. , Hathout Yetrib , Fenselau Catherine 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSpectra obtained using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry of Bacillus globigii (Bacillus subtilis niger) spores, vegetative cells and the culture supernatant show a cluster of biomarkers centered at a molecular mass of 1478 Da. Three biomarkers were isolated from the cell‐free culture supernatant by solid‐phase extraction and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography, and characterized using various kinds of mass spectrometry. A Fourier transform mass spectrometer with a MALDI source was used to determine the monoisotopic protonated masses at 1463.8, 1477.8, and 1505.8 Da in order of elution. The mass differences of 14 and 28 Da suggest that they are homologous molecules. Alkaline hydrolysis of each species showed that it contained a lactone linkage. Strong acid hydrolysis released a fatty acid from an amide bond, consistent with a lipopeptide. A quadrupole time‐of‐flight instrument with a nanospray source was used to sequence the hydrolyzed forms of the three biomarkers. The cyclic lipopeptides were found to have amino acid sequences identical with those in fengycins and plipastatins, antimicrobial compounds with phospholipase inhibitor activity, previously identified in related species of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A regulatory region rearranged BK virus is associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis in a rejected renal allograft
Authors: Chen Chen‐Hsu , Wen Mei‐Chin , Wang Meilin , Lian Jong‐Da , Wu Ming‐Ju , Cheng Chi‐Hung , Shu Kuo‐Hsiung , Chang Deching 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA renal allograft transplant patient with high serum creatinine presented clinical symptoms of rejection. Sections of renal biopsy tissue showed mononuclear leukocyte infiltration in the tubulointerstitium and nuclear enlargement with inclusions in the tubular epithelium. The morphological characteristics resembled polyomavirus‐induced interstitial nephritis. Electron microscopy of the nuclear inclusions showed paracrystalline arrays of naked viral particles with a diameter of 45 nm. Molecular studies revealed that a new variant of BK virus (BKV) with rearrangement at the regulatory region was involved in the nephritis. The BKV regulatory region contained a tandem repeat from the P‐block to the Q‐block causing duplication of several important transcriptional elements or transcriptional factor binding motifs. This is the first report to show a naturally occurring BKV variant with regulatory region rearrangement associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis. J. Med. Virol. 64:82–88, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Construction of Oka varicella vaccine expressing human immunodeficiency virus env antigen
Authors: Shiraki Kimiyasu , Sato Hitoshi , Yoshida Yoshihiro , Yamamura Jun‐ichi , Tsurita Minako , Kurokawa Masahiko , Kageyama Seiji 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOka varicella vaccine has been used to confer active immunity to varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) in healthy and immunocompromised hosts. Based on its attenuated nature, Oka varicella vaccine expressing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) env antigen was constructed by inserting the HIVenv gene into the viral genome and its immunogenicity was assessed in guinea pigs. The HIVenv gene encoding 296–463 amino acids was inserted between the sequences of the hepatitis B surface antigen and the thymidine kinase gene of the cloned plasmid and the recombinant virus was isolated by cotransfection of the chimeric plasmid with viral DNA. Insertion of the HIVenv gene into the viral genome was confirmed by PCR and sequencing of the viral genome of the recombinant virus. The recombinant virus expressed 30k HIVenv fusion protein in its infected cells. In guinea pigs, immunization with the recombinant virus induced an antibody response to both the HIV antigen and the V3 peptide of gp120 as well as VZV gE:gI. Cell‐mediated immunity to the HIV antigen and gE:gI was assessed by the cutaneous reaction representing delayed type hypersensitivity. Immunized guinea pigs responded well to both the HIV antigen and gE:gI. Thus the recombinant Oka varicella vaccine expressing the HIVenv antigen induced both a humoral and cell‐mediated immunity to the HIV antigen similar to VZV as Oka varicella vaccine induces humoral and cell‐mediated immunity to VZV in the vaccinees. This recombinant Oka varicella vaccine expressing the HIVenv antigen may be evaluated for its immunogenicity as one of the AIDS vaccine candidates. J. Med. Virol. 64:89–95, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complete replication of human cytomegalovirus in explants of first trimester human placenta
Authors: Gabrielli Liliana , Losi Luisa , Varani Stefania , Lazzarotto Tiziana , Eusebi Vincenzo , Landini Maria Paola 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTissue integrity and viability of first trimester placenta explants were obtained in culture for 3 weeks. Explants were infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), several cycles of HCMV replication were obtained and the progression of the infection was observed within a tissue that maintains its normal cellular organization. In agreement with recent clinical data, 3 weeks were necessary for the virus to colonize the placenta fully. Complete HCMV replication was observed in trophoblasts, followed by subsequent transmission of the infection to the stromal fibroblasts and fetal endothelial capillary cells. Viral DNA replication was monitored and the production of infectious viral progeny documented. J. Med. Virol. 64:499–504, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Type‐specific identification of human adenovirus 3, 7, and 21 by a multiplex PCR assay†
Authors: Xu WanHong , Erdman Dean D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHuman adenovirus (Ad) serotypes 3, 7, and 21 of DNA cluster B:1 are often associated with severe respiratory illness, particularly in infants and young children and, in addition to Ad4, are among the most important causes of acute respiratory disease syndrome in new military recruits. To address the inherent problems associated with classic typing methods, we developed a multiplex PCR assay for the rapid, specific identification of Ad3, Ad7, and Ad21 field isolates. To design type‐specific primers for our assay, we sequenced the Ad21 hexon gene and compared this sequence with previously published sequences of Ad3, Ad7, and Ad16. The overall nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) identities between Ad21 and Ad3, Ad7, and Ad16 were similar (ranges 78.3–80.8% nt; 84.1–86.2% aa), with significantly greater variability in the regions of the hexon that encode surface loops 1 and 2. Type‐specific primers designed to the hypervariable regions correctly identified Ad3, Ad7, and Ad21 prototype strains and 53 previously typed Ad field isolates. No cross‐reactions with other Ad serotypes were identified. Our multiplex PCR assay for type‐specific identification of Ad3, Ad7, and Ad21 isolates will provide a rapid and convenient tool for the epidemiologic investigation of Ad‐associated respiratory illness. J. Med. Virol. 64:537–542, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transmission of HCV to a chimpanzee using virus particles produced in an RNA‐transfected HepG2 cell culture
Authors: Dash Srikanta , Kalkeri Gururaj , McClure Hazel M. , Garry Robert F. , Clejan Sanda , Thung Swan N. , Murthy Krishna K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIt was demonstrated previously that HepG2 cells produce negative strand RNA and virus‐like particles after transfection with RNA transcribed from a full‐length hepatitis C virus (HCV) cDNA clone [Dash et al. (1997) American Journal of Pathology, 151:363‐373]. To determine in vivo infectivity of these in vitro synthesized viral particles, a chimpanzee was inoculated intravenously with HCV derived from HepG2 cells. The infected chimpanzee was examined serially for elevation of liver enzymes, for the presence of HCV RNA in the serum by reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), anti‐HCV antibodies in the serum, and inflammation in the liver. The chimpanzee developed elevated levels of liver enzymes after the second week, but the levels fluctuated over a 10‐week period. HCV RNA was detected in the serum of the chimpanzee at the second, seventh and ninth weeks after inoculation, and remained positive up to 25 weeks. Liver biopsies at Weeks 18 and 19 revealed of mild inflammation. Nucleotide sequence analysis of HCV recovered from the infected chimpanzee at the second and ninth weeks showed 100% sequence homology with the clone used for transfection studies. Serum anti‐HCV antibodies were not detected by EIA during the 25 weeks follow‐up period. These results suggest that intravenous administration of the virus‐like particles derived from RNA‐transfected HepG2 cells are infectious, and therefore, the pMO9.6‐T7 clone is an infectious clone. These results provide new information that in vitro synthesized HCV particles produced from full‐length HCV clone can cause infection in a chimpanzee. This study will facilitate the use of innovative approaches to the study of assembly of HCV particles and mechanisms of virus infectivity in cell culture. J. Med. Virol. 65:276–281, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Direct correlation between human herpesvirus‐8 seroprevalence and classic Kaposi's sarcoma incidence in Northern Sardinia
Authors: Santarelli Roberta , De Marco Roberto , Masala Maria Vittoria , Angeloni Antonio , Uccini Stefania , Pacchiarotti Roberta , Montesu Maria Antonietta , Satta Rosanna , Cerimele Decio , Faggioni Alberto , Cottoni Francesca 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe human herpesvirus‐8 (HHV‐8) has been associated with the development of Kaposi's sarcoma. A high incidence of classic Kaposi's sarcoma has been described in Sardinia, an island West of Italy's mainland. Different seroepidemiological analyses have reported that prevalence of HHV‐8 infection varies worldwide: a high HHV‐8 seroprevalence has been shown in Italy. The present survey was carried out to evaluate the correlation between HHV‐8 infection and classic Kaposi's sarcoma incidence in northern Sardinia. Blood samples were collected from 226 healthy donors born and resident in five different areas of North Sardinia. Seroprevalence to HHV‐8 was determined searching antibodies to viral lytic proteins by immunofluorescence in sera diluted at 1:10. Classic Kaposi's sarcoma incidence data spanning a period of 23 years were examined in the areas studied. The present screening revealed that seroprevalence was 35%, within a range of 15.3–46.3% in the five areas, although it should be considered that the seroprevalence to HHV‐8 can be established more accurately by the combined use of different assays. Age emerged as an important risk factor. Indeed, subjects aged > 50 years showed a higher seroprevalence to HHV‐8 as compared with younger individuals. A strong direct correlation between HHV‐8 prevalence and classic Kaposi's sarcoma incidence has been also observed. The wide diffusion of HHV‐8 in Sardinia appears to represent an important factor in the high incidence of classic Kaposi's sarcoma reported in the island. However, additional co‐factors, such as age, sex, genetic traits, or viral strain pathogenicity, are likely to play a role in the development of the disease. J. Med. Virol. 65:368–372, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of three successive antiviral treatments on viral heterogeneity in nonresponder chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Thelu Marie‐Ange , Brengel‐Pesce Karen , Leroy Vincent , Attuil Valérie , Drouet Emmanuel , Seigneurin Jean‐Marie , Zarski Jean‐Pierre 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to assess the viral diversity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in six nonresponder patients during three unsuccessful treatments. These patients were treated successively with IFN‐α2a (IFN‐α) at a posology of 3.106 units (MIU) three times a week, 10 MIU three times a week, and a combination of IFN‐α (3 MIU) plus ribavirin (1,000 mg/day). However, only two chronically infected patients could be included in the study due to the persistence of HCV RNA during the three successive treatments. The viral diversity was analysed by cloning and sequencing the HVR‐1 region. The treatment of the two nonresponder patients was associated with the persistence of a wide diversity in the viral population and with the emergence of new or minor variants. Under the influence of standard doses of IFN‐α, a rearrangement of the quasispecies present was observed at this time point. No significant change in viral load or in the complexity of the quasispecies was observed. A second treatment with a high dose of IFN‐α induced a significant decrease in the associated viral load and, in one case, resulted in a radical change of the viral diversity. Administration of a combination of IFN‐α and ribavirin did not affect the evolution of the variants but was followed by the emergence of various multiple variants. These results reinforce the hypothesis of the presence of preexisting quasispecies best adapted to the host environment, and therefore resistant to any current therapy. J. Med. Virol. 65:698–705, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.