bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noise induced hearing loss in textil factory and dental labrotory
Authors: Tahr Ali Runak , Abdulrazzaq Fatah Nabil , Fathullah Hasan Fatehiya 
Published: January 2024

In order to provide a standard reference of noise induced hearing loss for Kurdistan population in Erbil city from textile factory & dental laboratory, a hearing loss survey was conducted on 125 sample of different ages and both sex .The hearing threshold of air conduction and bone conduction was measured over a frequency range from 250 Hz to 8 KHz under standard condition. Audiometric test was performed for the selected sample in a sound proof room, type (IAC). A pure tone manually operated Vienna tone type (Operating instruction MA 53), equipped with TDH 39 earphone mounted in Maico diagnostic GmbH. We faced in our ENT. practice patients complained of sensori -neural deafness especially in high frequency range they are working in differentnoisy places. In this study we selected our sample in the textile factory as its so noisy factory and so many adults persons working in it. Aiming to detect the incidence and the degree of deafness and any possible protective measures necessary available to prevent deafness and to determine the prevalence of hearing problems among dental personal. The results of data indicate that statistically there is no significant difference between the hearing thresholds of the right and left ears at all frequency . It is found the mean threshold of the exposed subjects was still significantly worse than that of the non -exposed subjects at all frequencies tested for the exposed subjects aged >20 and <40 year .while for the older group (40 -49 ) year, it was worse at the frequency 4 KHz . The results showed that there was no interaction between the noise - exposure and the age affect at any of the six frequencies tested .The effect of noise on hearing was statistically significant. This mean that at every frequency tested, the exposed subjects had worse measuredhearing threshold values than the non exposed subjects.
Knowledge and awareness towards Swine Flu pandemic among a sample of paramedicals serving in primary health care centers in Baghdad
Authors: Fathalla Thabit Maral 
Published: January 2024

Swine Flu is a respiratory illness of pigs caused by type A H1N1 influenza viruses that cause regular outbreaks in pigs, while Swine Flu viruses normally do not infect human, the disease that has spread lastly to human, is a version of this virus, it was first identified in Mexico at April 2009,people have full resistance against it, so a cross-sectional study was conducted on 126 randomly selected paramedicals serving in ten different PHCCs in Baghdad, to find out their knowledge and awareness towards Swine Flu. Data was collected by using previously structured questionnaires including 23 statements concerning the knowledge of disease, data was statistically analyzed by using simple binomial tests. The results show that the majority of correct premedicalâ€™s responses regarding disease definition(98.4%),spread of viruses between people through coughing or sneezing(97.6%),disease symptomatology similar to seasonal influenza (91.2%), immune suppressed people are more vulnerable to death(91.2%), different economic hazards(95.2%),prevention of disease through covering mouth and nose during coughing or sneezing(97.6%), only some disappointing responses regarding previous disease pandemics(35.%), circulation of the virus in humans, pigs and birds(42. 8%),no airborne infection between infected pigs (20.6%) and there are multiple vaccines given to pigs and not to human(19%).Conclusion: An overall acceptable level of paramedicas knowledge and awareness regarding Swine Flu. Recommendation was suggested for additional training and educational programmes as intensive courses for short periods with all available methods.
Protoscolicidal effects of ferulic acid on viability of protoscolices of hydatid cyst: In vitro study
Authors: N. Alshemary Maani , I. Mohammed Bassim , I. Felaih Haider 
Published: January 2024

Ferulic acid is one of phenolic compounds derivatives that reported to be a successful antimicrobial agent. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Ferulic acid solution on the viability of Echinococcus granulosus protoscolises. To evaluate the effects of various concentrations of Ferulic acid, 126 samples of live protoscolices of hydatid cyst were exposed to 10, 20 and 30 mg/ml concentration of Ferulic acid and 50% hypertonic glucose solutions as a positive control and 30% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a control and solvent. The protoscolicidal effect evaluated after 1, 3 and 7 minute, the protoscolicidal effects were determined by 0.1% eosin (eosin exclusion test), in this test protoscolices viability determined depending on the change in protoscolices green color to red after dye. A 30 mg/ml of Ferulic acid revealed perfect protoscolicidal effect (100% fatality rate) in 7 minute post treatment wile 50% hypertonic glucose made a significant decrease in protoscolices viability (94% fatality rate) in the same duration of exposure. The results showed that Ferulic acid solution is highly effective in killing protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro.
A comparison study of saliva content before and after menopause
Authors: Abass Jabir Ferdous , Abass Frhan Buthena , Abd-Alazez Shaima 
Published: January 2024

Background:- In recent year saliva test is used instead of blood test in many medical fields for being more accurate and not invasive, for example it is used for evaluation of the benefit of using hormonal replacement therapy as treatment in post menopausal women.Objective:- As relatively little is known about the effect of age on salivary composition, the aim of this study is to compare between saliva content before and after menopause for some of biochemical markers which are used for diagnosis ofmany medical condition and risk groups.Methods :- Sixty-eight female were participate in this study, divided for two groups the first group consist of thirty-four female in premenopausal age and another thirty-four female represent the second group postmenopausal. Salivary samples were taken to assess urea level, glucose level, uric acid and cholesterol levels.
Results:- The results shows that urea level along with cholesterol levelwere significantly higher in postmenopausal women (P<0.01) while uric acid and glucose shows no significant difference (P>0.01).
Determination of guanase activity in patients with prolonged treatment with simvastatin
Authors: Hassan kathem Sawsan 
Published: January 2024

In this study, 28 patients suffering from hyperlipidemia who were on simvastatin ,were included for determination serum guanase activity. Guanase activity was observed at high level in those patients (n = 16) who were on prolonged treatment with simvastatin (more than 30 days) but its activity remained within normal when simvastation was administrated at interrupted intervals . The results were compared with two control groups the first (n=10) with hyperlipidemia but with no simvastatin and the second (n=10) was normal individuals with no history of hyperlipidemia. However, guanase activity was found to be normal in both control groups .
Besides, this study was found that alkaline phosphatase was also increased in some patients , However , guanase activity was observed earlier than alkaline phosphatase which have suggested that simvastatine could cause liver injuries when used for a long time . This study is the first study conducted to predict liver injuries as a result of simvastatin through guanase elevation .
Morphological and Molecular Identification of Hospital Pseudomonas spp
Authors: Hamad Al-Hamdani Adnan , Mojer Al-Shamsi Mohammad , Noah Sheet Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

The study was designed for isolation and identification of Pseudomonas spp. from neonatal nosocomial infections, from Three Teaching Hospitals of Maternity and Pediatrics in Al-Mosul city. The total collected samples were 288,which included clinical(134samples collected from preterm and full-term neonates who less one year of age ) and environmental samples(154)from anuary 2011 till end July 2011, in order to evaluate the classical laboratory diagnostic procedures for diagnosis of Pseudomonas isolates and compared them with molecular technique on the basis Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Pseudomonas spp. has been isolated and identified by using cultural method, biochemical tests and Mini API 20NE system as confirmative test. On the other hand, PCR technique was utilized to detected 16SrRNA gene as a house keeping gene, specific for diagnosis of Pseudomonas spp. The present study showed that the isolation percent of Pseudomonas spp. from clinical samples was 17/30 (18.8%)and 30/111(27%) from environmental samples, whereas the PCR results showed that there were high specificity (100%) in detection of Pseudomonas spp. versus each of cultural, biochemical and Mini API 20NE system
Acute Meningitis in Children:Clinical and Laboratory Profiles
Authors: Nadhim Abd Haider 
Published: January 2024

Background: Meningitis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children around the world . Early diagnosis and treatment are the most important way in prevention of the complications.Objective: To estimate the frequency and types of meningitis, to describe various clinical and laboratory parameters, and to analyze mortality and early complications of childhood meningitis. Patients and methods: One hundred Children aged 1 month-15 years admitted to AL-Zahra Teaching Hospital in Wassit, with clinical suspicion of meningitis during the period from 1st January 2009 to 1st January 2010 were included in this study. They were subjected to clinical examination , blood tests and cerebrospinal fluid tests (CSF) which include: biochemical, bacteriological, and serological tests.Results: Thirty of the patients had bacterial meningitis, 34% had viral meningitis, 36% had partially treated bacterial meningitis. Majority of the patients admitted in January and February. Fever was the most common presenting symptom (94%) , followed by vomiting in 64%, poor feeding or appetite in 65%. Irritability and bulging fontanel were the main signs in those children below one year. Neck stiffness and positive kernig sign were the main signs in children above one year. The results of Cerebrospinal fluid studies in patients with bacterial meningitis were as following : (gram stain was positive in 18 (60%) patients, culture was positive in 22 (73%) patients, C-reactive protein (CRP) was positive in 23 (77%) patients). Serum C-reactive protein was positive in 16 (53%) patients with bacterial meningitis. Haemophilus influenza (H.influenza) was the main causative agent of bacterial meningitis. The main complication was recurrent convulsion (27% of bacterial meningitis,8% of viral meningitis, 5% of partially treated bacterial meningitis).Two cases required admission to intensive care unit. The overall mortality rate was 8%.Conclusion: H. influenza type B is the leading causative agent of bacterial meningitis. Fever was the most common presenting signs , recurrent convulsion was the most frequent complication in all age groups and in all types of meningitis. Positive C- reactive protein in the Serum and CSF was mainly found in patients with bacterial meningitis.
Phenotypic detection of extended â€“spectrum betalactamase production in Proteus. mirabilis isolation from Patients with Significant Bacteriuria in Najaf provina
Authors: Aleiwi Hussein Ahmad 
Published: January 2024

250 mid-stream urine samples were collected from patients suspected of urinary tract infection (UTI) who were attended to Three hospitals (Medical Al-Sader City, Al-Hakeem, and Al-Zahra Maternity and Children) in Najaf provina during the period of October 2011 to January 2012 and screened for the presence of Proteus mirablis .The growth of â‰¥105 colony forming units/ml was considered as significant bacteriuria.
A total of 198 (79.2%) significant bacteriuria were detected. The study showed higher incidence of UTI in females 129 (65.2%)than males 69 (34.8% )However , 52 (26.3%) isolates of Proteus mirabilis , 146 (73.7%) isolates other species pathogens. The 52 isolates of Proteus mirabilis were tested for their antibiotic resistance against 11 antibiotics by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test. All the isolates were found to be resistant to at least 5 antibiotics to which they were subjected. Therefore, all these isolates were considered to be multidrug resistant. The majority 39 (75.0%) isolates of Proteus mirabilis were able to produce Î²-lactamase enzymes with rapid iodometric method. All isolates of Proteus mirabilis were tested for their ability to produce Extended-spectrum Î²-lactamase . The result showed that 18 (34.6%) isolates were able to produce ESBLs.
Sublay versus onlay mesh repair of ventral hernia
Authors: Shani Aoda Furat , Sharif Ibrahim Alaa 
Published: January 2024

Ventral hernias are commonly encountered in surgical practice. The estimated incidence of ventral hernia is 15-20%. Although a wide variety of surgical procedures have been adopted for the repair of incisional hernia, but the implantation of prosthetic mesh remains the most efficient method of dealing with ventral hernia. Our study is to evaluate the technique of preperitoneal (sublay) mesh repair of ventral hernias and compare it to onlay mesh repair. The prospective study was carried out in 102 patients of incisional and paraumblical hernia.52 patients were managed by onlay mesh repair and 50 patients were managed by sublay mesh repair.Observation in both groups were made with regards to duration and ease of operation, placement and duration of drainage, woundcomplications, hospital stay, and recurrence. Follow up every three month for 12-24 months was done . In onlay group drain was removed after 2-5 days except one patient with large incisional hernia drain was removed after 14 days .In sublay group drain was removed after 2-3 days. Post operative complications like seroma & wound infection were comparable in both groups. In sublay group Seroma formation was 2%(one patient only) . Wound infection was2% (one patient only).No septic mesh was removed in the series. In onlay group seroma formation was24%(12 patients) most of seroma occur in large incisional hernias repair, wound infection was 4% (2 patient s)and one septic mesh was removed. In sublay recurrence rate was 0%,in onlay recurrence rate was 2%(one patient).ConclusionSub lay mesh repair is associated with less chances of seroma formation and almost no recurrence with low post operative complication like infection and wound edge necrosis.
Oxidant/Antioxidant Status, C-reactive Protein and Serum Leptin in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Effect of Vitamin E Supplemention
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Thanoon Imad , Abdulla Solaiman Eman 
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) on markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde "MDA" and total antioxidant status "TAS"), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum leptin and to compare the effects of standard intensive 2 months anti-TB therapy with the standard intensive anti-TB therapy plus vitamin E supplementation on the parameters. Methods: Two group of patients with active pulmonary TB from the Advisory Clinic for Chest and Respiratory Diseases in Mosul City were included in this study.Group one consistent of 38 patients and group two consistent of 28 patients, with forty healthy age and sex matched subjects as controls. Assessment of concentrations of MDA, TAS, hs- CRP and leptin were done for both patients and controls. After two months with either the traditional intensive therapy (isoniazid "INH" 75 mg, rifampicin 150mg, pyrazinamide 400mg and ethambutol 275mg ) 4 tablets as a single dose in the morning with vitamin B6 10mg daily or , the intensive traditional therapy plus vitamin E 400 IU/day as a supplementation therapy, the same parameters were reassessed for the patients. Body mass index(BMI) were calculated by using special equation.Results: After 2 months of either the traditional therapy or the traditional therapy plus vitamin E ,there was a significant reduction inMDA and hs-CRP with significant increase in TAS ,leptin serum levels and BMI in patients with pulmonary TB in comparison to pre-therapy stage and the percentage of variation shifted towards the beneficial effect of vitamin E add- on therapy group.Conclusion: Active pulmonary TB associated with oxidative stress and an increase in the levels of hs-CRP and both traditional therapy or the traditional therapy plus vitamin E resulted in a significant improvement in oxidative stress and cause suppression of inflammatory responses with the beneficial effects shifted towards the add-on of vitamin E as a supplementation therapy.
Efficacy of oral mefenamic acid in treatment of rash of Gianottiâ€“Crosti syndrome: A prospective noncontrolled case-series study
Authors: Abdul-Jaleel Usama 
Published: January 2024

Background: Gianottiâ€“Crosti syndrome (GCS) is a characteristic cutaneous response to viral & non-viral infection mainly affecting children .No treatment appears to shorten the course of the disease which lasts 3-8 weeks .Mefenamic acid is NSAID which acts as competitive inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis.
Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of oral mefenamic acid 50 mg twice a day in the treatment of (GCS) for 10 daysMethods : In this prospective non-controlled case series study, 36 patients were identified as having Gianottiâ€“Crosti syndrome by dermatologist in Al-Diwanyia Teaching Hospital , from January 2012 to May 2013 and they have been treated with oral mefenamic acid 50 mg twice a day for 10 days.Results : 36 patients entered the current study. The mean age of the patients was 2 1.2 ( 1 - females and 17( 47.2 %) males. Complete clearance of the rash of GCS at all sites was seen in 33 patients ( 91.6 %) within 10 days of initiation of the therapy, leaving the the skin desquamation (P<0.05) .Two patients experienced no change in the rash until after 3 weeks it got resolution of the rash and one patient get his rash resolved after one month. None of the patients suffered adverse effects during the usage of t period of the follow-up.Conclusion : oral mefenamic acid seems to be effective in treatment of Gianottiâ€“Crosti syndrome
Methotrixate for nonsurgical management of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Kh. Jawad Ariana 
Published: January 2024

Systemic Methotrexate has been widely used to treat ectopic pregnancy.The aim of current study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of single dose intramuscular methotrexate as a treatment option for early unruptured ectopic pregnancies. From 1st of January 2007 to 1st of January 2009 at Maternity teaching Hospital-Erbil, a case cohort prospective study was conducted on 60 patients with small unruptured ectopic pregnancies treated as in-patients with single dose of Methotrexate therapy.
Ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed by both transvaginal ultrasound for the size and volume of the gestational mass and Î²- HCG measurement. Intramuscular methotrexate 50 mg/m2 was administered on days 1 and Serial ÃŸ-hcg was repeated on days 4 and 7, If the Î²-HCG on day 7was at least 15% lower than that on day 4, the patient was regarded as treatment success, and Followup serum ÃŸ-HCG was performed weekly until become negative ( value of <15 mIU/ml). while additional doses(second dose) of methotrexate were given on day 7 If the ÃŸ-HCG level on day 7 was the same or higher or less than 15% lower than that on day 4. The success rate of systemic methotrexate (single dose) was 75%(n 45), 25%(n=15) exposed to 2 or more doses of methotrexate ,16.6%(n=10) of patients exposed to multidose methotrexate respond to treatment, remain only 8.3%(n=5) not respond to multidose treatment they were treated surgically ,in which 2 cases of them operation done for them on their request after one dose of methotrexate, and other 3 cases were failed to respond to medical treatment after receiving 3 dose of methotrexate. The over all success rate of treatment in our study(medical treatment) was 91%(n=55).Success rate was higher in patients whom with Î²-HCG was â‰¤ 1500 mIU .Treatment was well-tolerated; most side effects were reported as mild and transient. All cases respond to methotrexate reported satisfaction with this regimen. Within two years follow up visit 38 cases become pregnant , 2 of them developed recurrent ectopic pregnancy.
Post-appendectomy Infected Wounds and Ideal Management A Retrospective Study
Authors: M. Al-Mukhtar Mahmoud 
Published: January 2024

Background :Abdominal operations are traditionally classified into elective and emergency procedures both of which may be complicated by postoperative wound infections. Although postoperative wound infection is usually infrequent following elective procedures, it is an anticipated and acceptable complication of emergency surgeries as these operations are usually of a contaminated nature with no standard preoperative preparation associated with an urge to operate.Objectives :This study tries to compare the results of a two adopted regimes to manage post-appendectomy wound infections in regard to the significance of using parenteral antibiotics.
Methods : This study had evaluated (108) patients with clinical postoperatively wound infections over a period of (3) years in Al-Hilla General Teaching Hospital. All cases with normal appendices and those on preoperative antibiotics therapy for any reason had been excluded from the study. Two treatment regimes had been evaluated : Regime (A) consisting of changing antiseptic wound dressings only while Regime (B) consisted of changing antiseptic wound dressings combined with parenteral administration of intravenous metronidazole (500) mg thrice daily with intravenous cefotaxime (1000) mg twice daily. The study group had been allocated to a randomized single-blind trial to assess the outcomes. Patients were followedâ€“ up to an average of (50) days.Results :There is a beneficial effects of adopting Regime (B) in the management of infected wounds following perforated appendectomies in terms of reducing the number of dressings change and the period of inpatients hospitalization . This was not the case with infected wounds following nonperforatedappendectomies.Conclusion : According to the literature reviewed, in order to prevent or reduce the rate of post-appendectomy infected wounds it is recommended to use preoperative prophylactic antibiotics which is not a routine in our practice.Wound irrigation with antiseptics may be beneficial in prevention of wound infection following complicated appendectomy. Regime (B) of treatment should be reserved for infected wounds following complicated appendectomy.