bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Prophylactic Internal Carotid Artery Management in Postradiation Nasopharyngeal Necrosis Patients
Authors: Liu Yong‐Long , Wen Kai , Zhang Wei‐Jing , Ouyang Yan‐Feng , Chen Jin‐Hua , Gu Yang‐Kui , Mei Qi , Chen Ming‐Yuan , Hua Yi‐Jun , Li Jian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivePostradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis (PRNN) frequently develops after second‐course radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). PRNN can lead to internal carotid artery (ICA) massive hemorrhage due to ICA rupture, resulting in sudden death. This study aims to explore the pretreatment of the ICA to prevent fatal massive hemorrhage in PRNN patients.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingSun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center.MethodsPatients diagnosed with NPC and PRNN from January 2010 to September 2022 were included. The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to analyze risk factors for massive hemorrhage and survival. A nomogram was developed to integrate prognostic models and perform parameter calibration.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty‐four PRNN patients were included in this study. Prophylactic ICA occlusion significantly reduced the risk of ICA hemorrhage compared to no prophylactic ICA occlusion (3.6% vs 40.6%, P < .001). Surgical repair on necrosis significantly prevented hemorrhage and improved survival. The nomogram, incorporating the above 2 factors and the nearest distance from necrosis to ICA ≤ 3 mm, exhibited excellent discriminative ability for hemorrhage. We identified 3 high‐risk factors that indicate the need for prophylactic ICA management in PRNN patients: (1) exposure of ICA by rhinoscopy; (2) signs of ICA erosion on MRA scanning; (3) the depth of soft tissue coverage surrounding the ICA wall within the necrotic cavity is less than 3 mm on magnetic resonance imaging.ConclusionWe have identified 3 high‐risk factors for PRNN patients that necessitate prophylactic ICA management. These findings are expected to contribute to improving the quality of life and overall survival of PRNN patients.
Reconstruction of Total Maxillectomy Defects Using Coronoid‐Temporalis Pedicled Flap, Titanium Mesh, and Free Flap
Authors: Liu Wei , Li Chunjie , Ma Zhongkai , Zhang Gaowei , Lubamba Grace Paka , Lian Haosen , Zhang Zhuoyuan , Tang Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe maxilla plays a crucial role in maintaining midfacial contour, supporting the globe and dentition and separating the oral and nasal cavity. Reconstruction of total maxillectomy defects has always been a challenge in head and neck surgery. In recent years, on the basis of existing methods, we have used the coronoid‐temporalis pedicled flap combined with personalized titanium mesh and free flap to reconstruct total maxillectomy defects. This combination of multiple methods can restore the functional subunits of the maxilla. In this report, we introduce our surgical procedures in detail and assess the postoperative effects. Postoperative facial aesthetic outcomes were satisfactory in all 8 patients. None of the patients showed diplopia, oral‐nasal reflux, hypernasality, titanium mesh exposure, or trismus. This new surgical procedure may be a simple and feasible option for the reconstruction of total maxillectomy defects.
Barbed Repositioning Pharyngoplasty: Tips and Tricks
Authors: Cammaroto Giovanni , Bettini Pierfrancesco , Meccariello Giuseppe , Cannavicci Angelo , Iannella Giannicola , Stringa Luigi Marco , Visconti Irene Claudia , Ciorba Andrea , Bianchini Chiara , Pelucchi Stefano , Vicini Claudio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe barbed repositioning pharyngoplasty surgical technique is becoming more widely used for patients with obstructive sleep apnea due to its safety, effectiveness, and rapidity, as evidenced by multicenter studies and Meta‐analyses. In order to achieve uniform surgical outcomes, avoid errors that could worsen outcomes, and enable adequate data comparison, a standardized procedure is required to overcome surgeon‐related variability. The aim of this paper is to provide practical tips and tricks based on our surgical practice that can make the surgeon's work easier and aid in achieving desired outcomes.
Comparison of patients with hepatitis B virus‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma: Data from two hospitals from Turkey and China
Authors: Carr Brian I. , Rui Fajuan , Ince Volkan , Yilmaz Sezai , Zhao Xinya , Feng Yuemin , Li Jie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsThere are many studies on the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but very little is known about the HCC features in different populations. The study aimed to compare characteristics in two cohorts of patients with HBV‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma from Turkey and China.MethodsData on patients with HBV‐associated HCC diagnosed by imaging or liver biopsy were retrospectively collected from Shandong Provincial Hospital (n = 578) and Inonu University Hospital (n = 359) between January 2002 and December 2020, and the liver function and HCC characteristics were compared. Continuous variables were compared using Student's t‐test or Mann–Whitney U test and categorical variables were compared using the χ² test or Fisher's exact test.ResultsThe patients in the Turkish cohort had significantly worse Child‐Pugh scores (Child‐Pugh A: 38.3% vs. 87.9%; Child‐Pugh B: 40.3% vs. 11.1%; Child‐Pugh C: 21.4% vs. 1.0%; p < 0.001) and significantly higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase (66.5 [38.0−126.0] vs. 36.0 [27.0−50.0] IU/L; p < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (47.5 [30.0−87.3] vs. 33.0 [24.0−45.0] IU/L; p < 0.001), total bilirubin (20.8 [13.7−39.3] vs. 17.9 [13.8−24.0] mg/dL; p < 0.001), and lower albumin levels (32.0 [26.0−39.0] vs. 40.0 [36.1−43.8] g/L; p < 0.001) than patients in Chinese cohort. The tumor characteristics showed the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) score (BCLC 1: 5.1% vs. 71.8%; BCLC 2: 48.7% vs. 24.4%; BCLC 3: 24.4% vs. 3.8%; BCLC 4: 21.8% vs. 0; all p < 0.001), maximum tumor diameter (5.0 [3.0−9.0] vs. 3.5 [2.5−6.0] cm; p < 0.001), alpha‐fetoprotein values (27.7 vs. 13.2 ng/mL; p < 0.001), and percentage of patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (33% vs. 6.1%; p < 0.001) were all significantly worse in the Turkish cohort compared with Chinese cohort.ConclusionsHBV‐associated HCC from the Turkish cohort had worse liver function and more aggressive clinical characteristics than patients from the Chinese cohort.
Removal of Dibenzothiophene from Liquid Fuels by Photocatalytic Desulfurization over Zn‐Terephthalate Complex: A Process Modelling and Optimization by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Dawud , Hosseini Seyed Ali 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Zn‐terephthalate complex was synthesized by hydrothermal method at 180 °C and applied as a novel macroporous photocatalyst in the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) from a fuel model to produce DBT sulfone. The physical‐chemical properties of the photocatalyst were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (TIR), Raman spectroscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), photoluminescence spectroscopy and UV‐Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV‐Vis DRS). The characterization results indicated the formation of mono‐nuclear paddlewheel metal‐organic framework (MOF) as Zn [COO]2 frameworks. The photocatalytic experiments were designed by the Box‐Behnken method of response surface methodology (RSM) and the photocatalytic process was modelled and optimized. Three independent process variables i. e. concentration of dibenzothiophene, the amount of photocatalyst and light irradiation time were considered in the experimental design. The determination coefficient (R2) of the model is 0.97. The optimum removal of DBT (50.4 %) resulted in a fuel model containing 50 ppm DBT, desulfurized by 0.060 g of Zn‐MOF photocatalyst under visible light for 180 min. The predicted response (DBT removal%) by the RSM model was 50.68 %. According to the Pareto analysis, the order of importance of independent factors on the response was as follows: Irradiation time>m(photocatalyst)>C(DBT).
Poly(acrylic acid)‐Modified SnO2 Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Yanqing , Wu Yu , Li Mengzhu , Wang Zhaozhao , Zhang Weizhi , Shi Chengwu , Cui Peng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSnO2 is one of the most used inorganic electron transport materials for organic‐inorganic halide perovskite solar cells. However, the surface defects of SnO2 will block the electron transport at the SnO2/perovskite buried interface and limit the device performance. Here, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is employed to modify the SnO2 electron transport layer. Carboxyl groups can react with KOH in the commercial SnO2 aqueous colloidal dispersion to produce potassium polyacrylate, the −COO− can combine not only with oxygen and Sn4+ on SnO2, but also can chelate with uncoordinated Pb2+ defects on perovskite. Moreover, carboxyl groups can form a chemical linker between SnO2 and perovskite via the esterification reaction, leading to the reduction of surface hydroxyl group defects of SnO2. The optimal solar cells with PAA modification achieve an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 18.88 % and improved stability.
Outcomes of a same day discharge protocol in patients undergoing mastectomy and implant reconstruction
Authors: Hayes Danielle S. , Miles Wandra K. , Solorio Monica , Miranda Suzette G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundFinite hospital resources has required a closer look at resource allocation. This has prompted a shift toward same day surgeries and a focus on reducing hospital readmissions. Following the institution of a same day discharge protocol for mastectomy and mastectomy with immediate reconstruction, we sought to assess differences in the length of stay and readmission rates.MethodsThis retrospective review evaluates all cases of mastectomy with or without immediate reconstruction performed at a single high‐volume center between June 2019 and March 2021. Average length of stay, 30‐day readmission rates, Anesthesia Society Assessment class, and type of immediate reconstruction were assessed. Autologous reconstructions were excluded.ResultsA total of 413 patients underwent mastectomy with or without reconstruction (n = 148 pre protocol and n = 265 during protocol) between June 2019 and March 2021. Of those 413 patients, 180 underwent reconstruction (n = 62 pre protocol and n = 118 during protocol). The average length of stay after mastectomy following the implementation of the same day discharge protocol was decreased at 0.6 days (n = 265) compared to preimplementation at 1.02 days (n = 148), p < 0.001. The 30‐day readmission rate was not significant between the groups, p = 0.13. A total of 180 patients underwent immediate reconstruction after mastectomy. The average length of stay after mastectomy with immediate reconstruction following implementation of the same day discharge protocol was shorter than preimplementation at 1.05 days preimplementation (n = 62) versus 0.58 days following implementation (n = 118), p < 0.001; this finding was significant for both prepectoral and subpectoral implants, p < 0.001. There was no significant difference in 30‐day readmission rates between the groups with immediate reconstruction, p = 0.34.ConclusionSame day discharge for mastectomy with reconstruction is as safe as the more widely recognized same day discharge practice for patients with mastectomy alone.
Occult appendix pathology in patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection and prophylactic appendectomy
Authors: Di Fabio Francesco , Ravi Prabhu , Allievi Niccolo , Khan Kashuf A. , Abduelraheim Abu , Moran Brendan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe risk‐benefit balance of prophylactic appendectomy in patients undergoing left colorectal cancer resection is unclear. The aim of this report is to assess the proportion of histologically abnormal appendices in patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection in a unit where standard of care is appendectomy, with consent, when left‐sided resection is performed.MethodsA retrospective study on a prospectively collected database was conducted in a single tertiary‐care center. Overall, 717 consecutive patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection between January 2015 and June 2021 were analyzed. The primary outcome was the proportion of histologically abnormal appendix specimens at prophylactic appendectomy. The secondary outcome was complications from prophylactic appendectomy.ResultsOverall, 576/717 (80%) patients had appendectomy at colorectal cancer surgery. In total, 234/576 (41%) had a right‐/extended‐right hemicolectomy or subtotal colectomy which incorporates appendectomy, and 342/576 (59%) had left‐sided resection (left‐hemicolectomy, anterior resection or abdominoperineal excision) with prophylactic appendectomy. At definitive histology, 534/576 (92.7%) had a normal appendix. The remaining 42/576 (7.3%) showed abnormal findings, including: 14/576 (2.4%) inflammatory appendix pathology, 2/576 (0.3%) endometriosis, 8/576 (1.4%) hyperplastic polyp, and 18/576 (3.1%) appendix tumors, which encompassed six low‐grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs), three carcinoids, and nine serrated polyps. In the 342 patients who had prophylactic appendectomy, 10 (2.9%) had a neoplasm (two LAMN, three carcinoids, and five serrated polyps). There were no complications attributable to appendectomy.ConclusionOccult appendix pathology in patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection is uncommon when prophylactic appendectomy was performed. However, approximately 3% of patients had a synchronous appendix neoplasm.
Surgical management of metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Passman Jesse E. , Amjad Wajid , Ginzberg Sara P. , Soegaard Ballester Jacqueline M. , Finn Caitlin , Wachtel Heather 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a notoriously aggressive cancer with a dismal prognosis, especially for patients with metastatic disease. Metastatic ACC is classically a contraindication to operative management. Here, we evaluate the impact of primary tumor resection and metastasectomy on survival in metastatic ACC.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with metastatic ACC (2010–2019) utilizing the National Cancer Database. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Cox proportional hazard models were developed to evaluate the association between surgical management and survival. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to account for selection bias in receipt of surgery.ResultsOf 976 subjects with metastatic ACC, 38% underwent surgical management. Median OS across all patients was 7.6 months. On multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, primary tumor resection alone (HR: 0.523; p < 0.001) and primary resection with metastasectomy (HR: 0.372; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with improved OS. Metastasectomy alone had no association with OS (HR: 0.909; p = 0.740). Primary resection with metastasectomy was associated with improved OS over resection of the primary tumor alone (HR: 0.636; p = 0.018). After PSM, resection of the primary tumor alone remained associated with improved OS (HR 0.593; p < 0.001), and metastasectomy alone had no survival benefit (HR 0.709; p = 0.196) compared with nonoperative management; combined resection was associated with improved OS over primary tumor resection alone (HR 0.575, p = 0.008).ConclusionIn metastatic ACC, patients may benefit from primary tumor resection alone or in combination with metastasectomy; however, further research is required to facilitate appropriate patient selection.
Why can’t we improve turnover time? A systematic review
Authors: Cohen Tara N. , Kanji Falisha F. , Zamudio Jennifer , Shouhed Daniel , Gewertz Bruce L. , Sax Harry C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite substantial efforts to reduce operating room (OR) turnover time (TOT), delays remain a frustration to physicians, staff, and hospital leadership. These efforts have employed many systems and human factor‐based approaches with variable results. A deeper dive into methodologies and their applicability could lead to successful and sustained change. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to evaluate relevant research focused on improving OR TOT and clearly defining measures of successful intervention.Material and MethodsA systematic review of OR TOT interventions implemented between 1980 through October 2022 was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. Research databases included: 1) PubMed; 2) Web of Science; and 3) OVID Medline.ResultsA total of 38 articles were appropriate for analysis. Most employed a pre/post intervention approach (29, 76.3%), the remaining utilized a control/intervention approach. Nine intervention methods were identified: the majority included a process redesign bundle (24, 63%), followed by overlapping induction, dedicated unit/team/space feedback, financial incentives, team training, education, practice guidelines, and redefinition of roles/responsibilities. Studies were further categorized into one of two groups: (1) those that utilized predetermined interventions based on anecdotal experience or prior literature (18, 47.4%) and (2) those that conducted a prospective analysis on baseline data to inform intervention development (20, 52.6%).DiscussionThere are significant variability in the methodologies utilized to improve OR TOT; however, the most effective solutions involved process redesign bundles developed from a prospective investigation of the clinical work‐system.
The First Visits
Authors: Eleonorasdotter Emma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores how the women encountered drugs for the first time, and where they went after those first encounters. Attention is paid to how these movements in space relate to class. The interviewees describe their use in spatial terms, and I elaborate on the metaphor of a gateway into drugs and the Swedish metaphor of a knarkträsk—a drug swamp—signifying problem-use contexts, as cultural reference points. A queer phenomenological analysis of the feeling of one’s feet sinking into the ground as a feeling of homeliness and orientation is compared to the complexities of sinking into drug use and/or swamp-like social contexts.
Obtaining Drugs
Authors: Eleonorasdotter Emma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter, like the last one, deals with encounters between drugs and people. Here, the focus is on how the women acquire drugs in relation to drug markets. The clash between an illegal, masculine-coded street market associated with violence, and the ideal drug-induced state that is described in terms of intimacy and community, is explored. Where does the encounter between the women and the drugs they use take place? On what terms? What are the roles of gender and class? Some women buy their drugs themselves, but many receive most of their drugs as gifts. In the latter case, drugs move into a gift economy that involves different forms of expectation of reciprocation in various different, classed contexts.
Plant-based meat substitute analysis using microextraction with deep eutectic solvent followed by LC-MS/MS to determine acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furaneol
Authors: Osiecka Dominika , Vakh Christina , Makoś-Chełstowska Patrycja , Kubica Paweł 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor the analysis of plant-based meat substitutes and the determination of Maillard reaction products such as acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furaneol, a novel and effective procedure based on hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the first time. The 49 compositions of the deep eutectic solvents were designed and screened to select the most suitable option. The terpenoids eugenol and thymol in a molar ratio of 2:1 were selected as precursors for solvent formation, allowing effective extraction of the target analytes. The developed procedure comprised two main steps: extraction — in which the analytes are isolated from the solid sample due to the salting-out effect and pre-concentrated in the deep eutectic solvent, and back-extraction — in which the analytes are re-extracted into the formic acid solution for subsequent mass spectrometric detection. As the density of the aqueous phases changed during the extraction and back-extraction steps, the phenomenon of inversion of the coalesced organic phase was observed, which simplified the withdrawing of the phases. The linear range was 1–50 ng/mL for acrylamide, 10–1000 ng/mL for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 200–1000 ng/mL for furaneol with coefficients of determination above 0.9952. The developed method was fully validated and found recoveries were in the range 83–120%, with CVs not exceeding 4.9%. The method was applied to real sample analysis of pea-based meat substitutes.
Graphical abstract
Real-world data on the management of pazopanib-induced liver toxicity in routine care of renal cell cancer and soft tissue sarcoma patients
Authors: Westerdijk K. , Krens S. D. , Steeghs N. , van der Graaf W. T. A. , Tjwa E. T. T. L. , Westdorp H. , Desar I. M. E. , van Erp N. P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Pazopanib is known to cause liver toxicity. A relationship between pazopanib exposure and alanine transaminase elevations has been described in clinical trials. This study investigated the relation between pazopanib exposure and liver toxicity in real-world patients and evaluated the management of pazopanib-induced liver toxicity in routine care.

Methods
A retrospective observational cohort study was performed in patients treated with pazopanib in whom pazopanib exposure was measured. The percentage of patients with and without liver toxicity during treatment with pazopanib was calculated as well as the average pazopanib exposure in both groups. Furthermore, the management of patients with liver toxicity was evaluated.

Results
Liver toxicity was observed in 25 out of the 133 patients included (19%). Pazopanib exposure was comparable in patients with or without liver toxicity (27.7 mg/L versus 28.1 mg/L). Seven patients permanently discontinued pazopanib after the occurrence of liver toxicity. Of the remaining 18 patients, continuation or restart of pazopanib after liver toxicity was successful in 16 patients and half of these patients were able to safely continue pazopanib at the same dose as prior to liver toxicity for the remaining duration of treatment.

Conclusion
Our study did not demonstrate a clear relationship between pazopanib exposure and the occurrence of pazopanib-induced liver toxicity. Half of the patients were able to safely continue or restart pazopanib treatment after liver toxicity and received the same dose as prior to drug withdrawal. Successful interventions to address pazopanib-induced toxicity in the clinic led to an algorithm for the management of pazopanib-induced liver toxicity.