bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective analysis of 246 fires of da Vinci SureForm SmartFire stapler in colorectal cancer: First Indian study
Authors: Somashekhar S. P. , Saldanha Elroy , Kumar Rohit , Shah Kush , Dahiya Akhil , Ashwin K. R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
One of the critical steps involved is the distal transection of the rectum in rectal cancer surgeries. Multiple staple firings have been proven to increase the rate of anastomotic leakage. In this study, we intended to learn the effectiveness of the robotic SureForm SmartFire (SS) stapling system and its application in robotic sigmoid colon and rectal procedures performed at our institution.

Patients and Methods:
Prospective study of patients who underwent surgeries for sigmoid/rectal cancer at our centre was considered. During the surgery, SS staplers were used, and its internal data log with regard to reload selection by the colour, reloads, clamp attempts and staple fires was considered along with intra- and post-operative outcomes.

Results:
246 firings were done in 147 cases with mean body mass index of 26.3 ± 4.3 kg/m2; mean blood loss was 53.6 ± 21.8 ml. None of our patients had stapler-related complications, and the mean length of stay was 7.18 ± 1.5 days. Average reloads used in robotic-low anterior resection (LAR) were 1.73 with the fire attempts beyond lap angle occurring only in robotic-assisted LAR (RA-LAR)/abdominoperineal resection in 87 fires (41%) with 120 instances of controlled and sequential pauses occurred in 246 fires once fire pedal was activated.

Conclusion:
Apart from oncological nodal and margin clearance in the carcinoma rectum surgery, obtaining adequate distal margin, sphincter preserving approach and distal transection of the rectum forms one of the key steps in the low anterior resection. Robotic SS staplers have 120° angulation in both axes with EndoWrist technology that has better manoeuvrability within the confines of the pelvis.
Comparison of Subcutaneous Lignocaine versus Vapocoolant Salbutamol Spray for Intravenous Cannulation in Adult Patients: A Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Shah Shagun Bhatia , Shah Isha , Bhatnagar Vishal , Chawla Rajiv , Anand Simarpreet Singh , Gulati Sweta 
Published: February 2025

Background and Aims:
Several techniques have been employed to mitigate the pain of venipuncture, a moderately painful procedure. A topical creams-eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics (LAs), LA injections and vapocoolant sprays have inherent drawbacks. The quest for the ideal (efficacious, quick, pain-free, cost-effective and minimal/no side effects) intravenous (IV) cannulation analgesia is ongoing.

Methods:
This interventional, two-arm, single-centric study included 80 patients randomised to lignocaine injection (Group L) and Vapocoolant/asthalin spray (Group V) groups to evaluate the pain on IV cannulation at a tertiary care hospital. The primary outcome measure was the pain-numeric rating scale (NRS) score on venipuncture. An independent sample t-test was used for intergroup comparison, a paired sample t-test was used for intragroup comparison and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for normally distributed, continuous variables. The Chi-square test was performed for the categorical variables, and the Welsch test for intergroup comparison of pain NRS scores, assuming unequal variances from f-test results.

Results:
The pain NRS score at the time of LA prick/vapocoolant spray was lower in the Group V, and this difference (3 points) was both statistically (P < 0.001) and clinically significant. At the time of IV cannula introduction (venipuncture), NRS was lower in the Group V by 0.58 points on an 11-point scale.

Conclusion:
The vapocoolant technique (augmented by salbutamol in an asthalin inhaler) produces a more significant reduction in pain, heart rate and stress response during IV cannulations without significant side effects and may emerge as an efficacious, quick-acting, easily accessible, cost-effective and safe analgesic technique for IV cannulations.
Retrograde Urethrography and Voiding Cystourethrography: Indications and Findings in Patients Presenting with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Jos, North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Owoicho Igoh Emmanuel , Anthony Gabkwet Epga , Othniel Iyua Kuleve , Denen Atsukwei , Jimoh Salaam Abdul , Folake Taiwo Yetunde , Moses Danjem Samuel , Dogara Ahmed , Daniel Pam Stephen , Ugochukwu Iroha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Urethrography is a radiologic procedure that optimizes imaging evaluation of the urethra, particularly in settings of difficulty with micturition or urethral injury. Urethrography remains the gold standard imaging tool, providing reliable and accurate diagnosis and staging of urethral stricture disease.

Materials and Methods:
A 10-year review of patients’ archive who had retrograde urethrography or combined urethrography examinations in a peripheral facility from January 2014 to December 2023 was carried out. A total of 247 patients with complete records who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Demographic data, clinical indications, and the imaging findings were documented. The data were collated, entered into a computer, and processed by the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23, to determine frequencies (means ± standard deviations). The results are presented using frequency tables and percentages as appropriate. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant with a confidence interval of 95%.

Results:
The examination was normal in 89 (36.0%) patients. Urethral stricture was the commonest abnormality (44.5%) and commonly affects the bulbar urethra (70.9%). About 83.6% of the patients with stricture had 1–2 strictures while 16.4% had multiple urethral strictures. About 63.6% of patients with urethral strictures had short segment stricture, which was common at the bulbar urethra.

Conclusion:
Urethrography is an effective and cheap means of imaging the urethra mostly indicated on account of strictures and lower urinary tract symptoms. The urethral stricture is the commonest abnormal finding, which commonly affects the bulbar urethra.
Comparative Evaluation of the Degree of Liver Fibrosis on Ultrasound-Based Fibroscan and Hyaluran Tests in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Egbo Benjamin , Ani Charles , Abdul Salaam , Imoh Lucius , Ibinaiye Philip 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Chronic liver disease (CLD) in the clinical context is a disease process affecting the liver, which involves a process of progressive destruction and regeneration of the liver parenchyma, leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Both FibroScan, which is an ultrasound study also known as transient elastography, and Hyaluran test (biochemical test) are rapid safe non-invasive examinations of the liver, which can be used to monitor the degree and progression of fibrotic changes in the liver.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of liver fibrosis, as measured on ultrasound-based FibroScan and Hyaluran tests in CLD.

Materials and Methods:
This was a two-stage comparative study carried out on patients with clinically diagnosed CLD and non-CLD subjects at Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) from January to June 2022. The first stage involved the use of ultrasound-based FibroScan to assess the degree of tissue stiffness in the liver of both CLD and non-CLD subjects. The unit of measurement of FibroScan is kilopascals (Kpa). In the second stage, blood samples were collected from CLD and non-CLD subjects for Hyaluran tests. The unit of measurement of Hyaluran tests is expressed in nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL).

Results:
This study comprises of 75 apparently normal subjects and 75 CLD patients. The mean FibroScan level was significantly higher (17.55 ± 7.5 kPa) in patients with CLD compared to apparently normal subjects (5.06 ± 3.1 kPa), t = 5.783; P < 0.001. The mean Hyaluran value in the patients with CLD was 30.01 ± 20.39 ng/mL, which was significantly higher than that in the normal subjects with the mean value of 20.39 ± 8.27 ng/mL, t = 3.784; P < 0.001. In evaluating the correlation between FibroScan and Hyaluran in assessing the degree of fibrosis using the Spearman correlation coefficient, it was observed that the degree of fibrosis at the earlier stage (minimal) signifies a positive but weak correlation (P = 0.151), but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.492). However, mild/moderate and severe fibrosis demonstrate moderate positive (P = 0.505 and 0.550) and statistically significant correlation with P value of 0.020 and 0.011, respectively.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the mean FibroScan value in non-CLD and CLD cases. The results also indicated statistically significant difference in the mean Hyaluran value in non-CLD and the CLD cases. The study demonstrated a significant correlation between Hyaluran and FibroScan in assessing the degree of moderate and severe fibrosis in CLD.
Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, but not soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1: as a potential diagnostic biomarker for sepsis
Authors: Bedewy Nermeen K. , Kandil Mona H. , Tammam Haitham M. , Nomair Azhar M. 
Published: February 2025

Background
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate, with respect to other markers, the significance of two soluble surface markers in sepsis: soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1).

Patients and methods
The patients were divided into three groups: the total sepsis group included 40 individuals with sepsis and septic shock; the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) group included 20 patients; and the control group included 20 healthy volunteers. suPAR and sTREM-1 were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits to determine their significance in sepsis.

Results
The suPAR was greater in both the sepsis group (P<0.001) and the septic shock group (P=0.001) than in the control group, and it was greater in the sepsis group than in the SIRS group (P=0.05). sTREM-1 was not significantly different across the studied groups (P=0.159). suPAR and sTREM-1 levels did not differ significantly between survivors and nonsurvivors (P=0.64 and 0.62, respectively).

Conclusion
The suPAR was able to distinguish the sepsis group from the control group with high specificity, the sepsis group from the SIRS group with low sensitivity and specificity, and the septic shock group from the control group; however, the suPAR did not have a value in detecting mortality. However, sTREM-1 did not contribute to the diagnosis or prognosis of sepsis in this study.
Early initiation of gastric tube feeding: ultrasound assessment. A prospective interventional study
Authors: Elbardan Islam M. , Alla Ossman Ahmed A. , El Kayal Nada , ElRazek Abd-Rabih Assem A. 
Published: February 2025

Background
Early enteral nutrition is crucial in managing critically ill patients. Ultrasound is a promising modality for evaluating gastric residual volume (GRV).

Aim
This research was designed to study the effects of early initiation of enteral tube feeding in critically ill patients.

Patients and methods
Fifty critically ill patients aged 18 years or older, indicated for early initiation of enteral tube feeding, underwent ultrasound GRV and clinical assessment to monitor feeding tolerability as the primary outcome. The impact on the nutritional status, clinical outcomes, and efficacy of gastric ultrasound for guiding the initiation and continuation of gastric tube feeding by tracing GRV were studied as secondary outcomes.

Results
After early enteral tube feeding initiation, gastric intolerance symptoms were observed as follows: nausea in seven (14%) patients, vomiting in seven (14%) patients, constipation in nine (18%) patients, abdominal distention in six (12%) patients, and diarrhea in six (12%) patients. On day 1, 94% of patients reached their daily feeding goals, with 96% consistently meeting them in the following days. The participants had a statistically significant increase in serum prealbumin levels from a mean of 18.75±4.61 to 20.85±5.76 mg/dl (P<0.001). At the same time, mid-arm circumference decreased from a mean of 30.52±5.01 to 29.71±5.10 cm (P=0.004). A mean ICU length of stay of 10±2 days and a 28-day mortality rate of 14% was recorded. A poor agreement was statistically found between the clinical picture of feed intolerance and GRV measured by ultrasound.

Conclusion
Early enteral tube feeding initiation in critically ill patients guided by GRV ultrasound assessment could be tolerated with a possible beneficial impact on the patient’s nutritional status and clinical outcomes. GRV assessment using ultrasound showed poor agreement with the clinical picture of feed intolerance.
Criminal-Legal Characterization and Problems of Qualification of the Facts of Committing Bullying
Authors: Kaztayevna Yeleusizova Gulmira , Irmenova Aiya , Kan Alexandr , Brylevskiy Andrey , Yedressov Serik 
Published: February 2025

Relevance: The relevance of the study is due to the fact that currently only administrative responsibility is provided for bullying (cyberbullying). However, the facts of bullying, which entailed serious consequences, require qualification according to the elements of crimes provided for by criminal law, which in practice causes certain difficulties.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to consider the normative legal norms establishing the legal consequences of harassment, to present its criminal legal characteristics and to analyze the characteristics of the qualification of the facts of its commission.

Methodology: In the course of the study, the formal legal method and the method of analysis and synthesis were used, which made it possible to achieve the purpose of the study.

Results: The result of the study was the study of the main legislative novelties concerning bullying (bullying), as well as the presentation of a theoretical criminal law model of the phenomenon under consideration. The main problems faced by the domestic law enforcement officer in qualifying the fact of bullying are highlighted and possible solutions are presented.

Conclusions: The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that it is the scientific study of such a phenomenon as bullying (cyberbullying) that will contribute to solving the issue of its criminalization. The establishment of clear scientific criteria for criminalization of acts should become reliable guidelines for the research process.
PELAKSANAAN PEMBERIAN PEMBEBASAN BERSYARAT TERHADAP WARGA BINAAN DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS II B KOTA TEBING TINGGI
Authors: Nurita Cut 
Published: February 2025

Warga binaan yang dianggap telah memenuhi syarat-syarat tertentu, mempunyai kemungkinan dapat dikabulkannya permohonan pembebasan bersyaratnya sebelum habis masa pidananya. Pengaturan hukum tentang pemberian hak pembebasan bersyarat terhadap warga binaan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan adalah KUHP, Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995 Tentang Pemasyarakatan, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 99 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pembinaan dan Pembimbingan Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan. Proses pelaksanaan pemberian pembebasan berysarat terhadap warga binaan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II B Kota Tebing Tinggi adalah telah memenuhi persyaratan baik substantif maupun administratif kemudian Tim Pengamat Pemasyarakatan mengusulkan kepada Kepala Lembaga Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II B Kota Tebing Tinggi dan segera meneliti dengan mempelajari usulan tersebut, apabila menyetujui usulan tersebut maka Tim Pengamat Pemasyarakatan selanjutnya meneruskan usulan tersebut kepada Kepala Kantor Wilayah Kementrian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Sumatera Utara dan wajib segera meneliti dan mempelajari usulan Kepala Lembaga Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II B Kota Tebing Tinggi tersebut dan setelah itu memperhatikan hasil sidang Tim Pengamat Pemasyarakatan, maka Kantor Wilayah Kementrian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Sumatera Utara dapat menyatakan menolak atau menyetujui usulan tersebut dalam jangka waktu 3 (tiga) hari.
Discourse in Gender Studies: How Language Shapes Gender Narratives?
Authors: Azmy Khairul , Rahman Fadhlur , Muntasir Muntasir 
Published: February 2025

This study explores the significance of discourse in the field of gender studies, with a specific emphasis on the ways in which language shapes and impacts perceptions of gender. The study highlights the influence of power dynamics within language, illustrating how communication strengthens conventional gender norms and prejudices. However, the substantial amount of research in this field posed difficulties in attaining a thorough understanding. Although numerous studies specifically position their work within the framework of discourse analysis, the various methodologies employed hinder a cohesive function of discourse analysis as a means of examining language and gender. This paper offers a detailed analysis of relevant theoretical frameworks, findings and discussions to gain a comprehensive understanding of how language and gender narratives interact. The study then expanded on current knowledge of gender, identity, and discourse by actively analysing and engaging with long-standing and continuing debates. The findings emphasize the possibility of using discourse to confront and change deeply embedded gender biases, promoting an equal depiction of genders through the use of language.

Abstrak
Artikel ini mengkaji pentingnya memahami wacana dalam studi gender. Penelitian ini memberi perhatian khusus pada cara bahasa dapat membentuk dan mempengaruhi persepsi gender. Studi ini menunjukkan pengaruh dinamika kekuasaan dalam bahasa, yang menunjukkan bagaimana wacana dapat menunjukkan dan memperkuat norma dan prasangka gender yang ada. Banyak penelitian menggunakan analisis wacana sebagai dasar kajian dinamika bahasa dan gender. Namun, berbagai pendekatan yang digunakan membuatnya tidak efektif. Penelitian ini menganalisis relevan kerangka teori untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang bagaimana bahasa dan persepsi gender berinteraksi satu sama lain. Dengan secara aktif menganalisis dan berpartisipasi dalam perdebatan yang telah berlangsung lama dan berkelanjutan, penelitian ini meneliti dan meningkatkan pengetahuan saat ini tentang gender, identitas, dan wacana. Temuan artikel ini menekankan bahwa pendekatan wacana dapat digunakan untuk menghadapi dan mengubah bias gender yang kuat, sehingga dapat mendorong penggambaran gender yang lebih setara dan adil melalui penggunaan bahasa.
Studi Gender: Analisis Kepemimpinan Wanita Dalam Organisasi Kemahasiswaan
Authors: Fitriana Dedek Dhea , Suhaila Suhaila , Humairah Intan , Safitri Revi , Reihannah Reihannah 
Published: February 2025

The aim of the research is to explore women's leadership in student organizations, focusing on their leadership styles and types, their role in student organizations, and the impact of women's leadership on these organizations. This is a qualitative study conducted using a descriptive survey technique. The research was conducted at the State Islamic Institute (IAIN) in Lhokseumawe. The findings indicate that women's leadership is critical for promoting gender diversity and equality in the workplace, and it is highly relevant to current social issues. The effectiveness of women's leadership, which is associated with multitasking ability, creativity, innovation, and organizational experience, paints a positive picture of women's contributions to organizations. Women's leadership styles in the Department Student Association are collaborative, transformative, and transactional, which differs from men's leadership styles in developing organizations. The study's findings are expected to provide support and advice to female leaders in order to continue to advance student organizations and implement relevant policies. This demonstrates that the research does not end with the findings, but also includes practical recommendations that can be implemented to help women develop as leaders.

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kepemimpinan wanita dalam organisasi kemahasiswaan, peran, gaya dan jenis kepemimpinan mereka, serta bagaimana kepemimpinan wanita berdampak pada organisasi kemahasiswaan. Studi ini berjenis kualitatif dan dilakukan melalui survei deskriptif. Studi ini dilakukan di Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Lhokseumawe. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan wanita sangat penting untuk mewujudkan keragaman gender dan kesetaraan di tempat kerja dan sangat relevan dengan masalah sosial saat ini. Mereka yang memiliki pengalaman berorganisasi, multitasking, kreativitas, inovasi, dan kepemimpinan yang efektif memiliki pandangan positif tentang peran wanita dalam organisasi. Berbeda dengan gaya kepemimpinan laki-laki dalam pengembangan organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan wanita di organisasi bersifat kolaboratif, transformatif, dan transaksional. Penelitian diharapkan akan memberikan bantuan dan rekomendasi kepada pemimpin wanita untuk terus mengembangkan organisasi kemahasiswaan dan mengambil tindakan sesuai dengan peraturan. Ini menunjukkan bahwa penelitian tidak hanya mencapai kesimpulan tetapi juga memberikan saran praktis yang dapat digunakan untuk mendukung perkembangan kepemimpinan wanita.