bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroid hormone increases fatty acid use in fetal ovine cardiac myocytes
Authors: Chattergoon Natasha , Louey Samantha , Jonker Sonnet S. , Thornburg Kent L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCardiac metabolic substrate preference shifts at parturition from carbohydrates to fatty acids. We hypothesized that thyroid hormone (T3) and palmitic acid (PA) stimulate fetal cardiomyocyte oxidative metabolism capacity. T3 was infused into fetal sheep to a target of 1.5 nM. Dispersed cardiomyocytes were assessed for lipid uptake and droplet formation with BODIPY‐labeled fatty acids. Myocardial expression levels were assessed PCR. Cardiomyocytes from naïve fetuses were exposed to T3 and PA, and oxygen consumption was measured with the Seahorse Bioanalyzer. Cardiomyocytes (130‐day gestational age) exposed to elevated T3 in utero accumulated 42% more long‐chain fatty acid droplets than did cells from vehicle‐infused fetuses. In utero T3 increased myocardial mRNA levels of CD36, CPT1A, CPT1B, LCAD, VLCAD, HADH, IDH, PDK4, and caspase 9. In vitro exposure to T3 increased maximal oxygen consumption rate in cultured cardiomyocytes in the absence of fatty acids, and when PA was provided as an acute (30 min) supply of cellular energy. Longer‐term exposure (24 and 48 h) to PA abrogated increased oxygen consumption rates stimulated by elevated levels of T3 in cultured cardiomyocytes. T3 contributes to metabolic maturation of fetal cardiomyocytes. Prolonged exposure of fetal cardiomyocytes to PA, however, may impair oxidative capacity.
Planetarium Dantis: »’l volger del ciel«
Authors: Hoffmann Susanne M. 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Diese Niederschrift ist eine Abfolge von reichlich bebilderten Erklärungen der Astronomie in der Göttlichen Komödie von Dante Alighieri. Die Textauswahl wurde von Bodo Zöll und Karl-Philipp Ellerbrock in Vorbereitung der Eröffnung der Tagung der Deutschen Dante-Gesellschaft 2022 getroffen. Bei diesem Anlass haben die Professoren Dieter Blume und Edoardo Costadura der Universität Jena Passagen aus der Comedia und Erläuterungen dazu im Planetarium vorgetragen, während ich selbst als Astronomin die Ehre hatte, die geschilderten Passagen live in der Kuppel zu erklären. Diesen Visualisierungen von Dantes Astronomie stelle ich hier einige basis-astronomische Erklärungen voran.
Der Wanderer in der Stadt
Authors: Fajen Robert 
Published: November 2023

Riassunto
Nella Commedia, Dante immagina due città opposte: Dite, la gremita città infernale, è rappresentata in termini puramente materici, ed è caratterizzata da confini nettamente demarcati (mura, creste, fossi, dirupi ecc.) che separano le anime dannate, mentre la città celeste del Paradiso è esaltata come luogo spirituale dove i beati e gli angeli comunicano, attraverso soglie e gradi, in perfetta armonia con Dio. Tuttavia, gli incontri del viaggiatore nella prima cantica dimostrano, fin dall’inizio, che anche nella folla urbana dell’Inferno esistono, malgrado l’assenza dell’amore divino, modi di convivenza che salvaguardano la dignità della natura umana in quanto creazione di questo amore. Fuori dalle mura ferree di Dite, nel ›sobborgo‹ della città infernale (Inf. III–VIII), Dante evoca diverse modalità di rapporti civili, tutti determinati dal codice della cortesia. Questo modo di entrare in contatto permette agli interlocutori di rispettare la libertà individuale dell’altro lasciandogli spazi propri di scelte autonome. Non sembra quindi un caso che la prima interazione con anime dannate dopo la porta dell’Inferno, il colloquio con la »bella scola« del Canto IV, avvenga proprio ai piedi delle mura del »nobile castello«, designando così il luogo emblematico della corte, un’entità assente nella realtà comunale di Firenze. Anche il primo dialogo con un’anima dannata, Francesca da Rimini, è definito attraverso la forma comunicativa della cortesia. Addentrandosi ulteriormente nell’abisso infernale, il pellegrino conversa cortesemente con alcune anime dannate, talvolta in un tono più distaccato (Ciacco), talvolta in maniera battagliera, ma piena di rispetto reciproco (Farinata degli Uberti). Infine, nei canti XV e XVI, Dante descrive, prima nell’incontro con Brunetto Latini, poi in quello con Guido Guerra, Tegghiaio Aldobrandi e Jacopo Rusticucci, una serie di esempi di comportamento cortese che suggeriscono, in mezzo alla moltitudine di Dite, la possibilità di una convivenza urbana evoluta ed equilibrata, che supera la realtà violenta delle città italiane del Medioevo.
»La egregia città di Fiorenza, oltre a ogn’altra italica bellissima«
Authors: Doering Pia Claudia 
Published: November 2023

Riassunto
Firenze è di grande importanza per il Decameron di Boccaccio. Non solo vi si svolge la storia di cornice, ma anche numerose novelle sono ambientate nella città o nel contado fiorentino. Le ragioni sono due: l’ascesa economica della città e la sua fioritura culturale. Questo articolo esamina il modo in cui l’espansione economica e lo sviluppo culturale sono rappresentati e valutati nel Decameron, sia individualmente che nella loro interazione.
Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Indian nonsmokers: a systematic review & meta-analysis
Authors: Suri Tejas M. , Ghosh Tamoghna , Mittal Saurabh , Hadda Vijay , Madan Karan , Mohan Anant 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Nonsmokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are neglected despite constituting half of all cases in studies from the developed world. Herein, we systematically reviewed the prevalence of COPD among nonsmokers in India.

Content
We searched Embase, Scopus, and PubMed databases for studies examining the prevalence of COPD among nonsmokers in India. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist to assess included studies’ quality. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects model.

Summary
Seven studies comprising 6,903 subjects were included. The quality of the studies ranged from 5/9 to 8/9. The prevalence of COPD varied between 1.6 and 26.6 %. Studies differed considerably in demographics and biomass exposure profiles of subjects. Among the four studies that enrolled both middle-aged and elderly Indian nonsmokers not screened based on biomass fuel exposure, the pooled prevalence of COPD was 3 % (95 % CI, 2–3 %; I2=50.52 %, p=0.11). The pooled prevalence of COPD among biomass fuel-exposed individuals was 10 % (95 % CI, 2–18 %; I2=98.8 %, p<0.001).

Outlook
Limited evidence suggests a sizable burden of COPD among nonsmokers and biomass fuel-exposed individuals in India. More epidemiological studies of COPD in nonsmokers are needed from low and middle-income countries.
The Role of Gender in the Realisation of Apologies in Local Council Meetings: A Variational Pragmatic Approach in British and New Zealand English
Authors: Thaler Marion , Elsweiler Christine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis variational pragmatic study investigates the realisation of apologies in local council meetings in New Zealand and Britain. Specifically, it aims to establish to what extent the macro-social factors gender and region influence the choice and combination of apology strategies. The data are drawn from two multi-modal corpora,The Corpus of Australian and New Zealand Spoken English(CoANZSE) andThe Corpus of British Isles Spoken English(CoBISE).Our findings reveal general shared trends both across the two regional varieties and the two gender groups. Apologies are mostly realised bysorryforms and speakers prefer to use just one single apology strategy. Nevertheless, within these general trends, some distinct gender patterns are manifest. Overall, though, our findings indicate that the influence of gender and region on the realisation of apologies is limited. The communicative setting of council meetings seems to exert a bigger impact on the apology behaviour of the councillors.
Bicomponent polymorphs of salicylic acid, their antibacterial potentials, intermolecular interactions, DFT and docking studies
Authors: Khan Shahab , Rahman Mudassir , Marwani Hadi M. , Althomali Raed H. , Rahman Mohammed M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this research work, bicomponent structures of salicylic acid were synthesized by reflux condition. The cofomers used were 1-10-phenanthroline, 5-chlorobenzotiazole, and 2-amino-5-methylpyridine. The yield of resultant crystals was calculated at about 60–70 %. It was concluded that bicomponent polymorphs 1–3 were formed by treating salicylic acid (SA) with 10-phenathroline (1-10-Phen), 5-chlorobenzotiazole (5-ClB), and 2-amino-5-methylpyridine (2A-5M-P) respectively. The intermolecular interactions were further confirmed by their computational studies. Molecular docking revealed that the binding nature of salicylic acid can be tuned upon cocrystallization or molecular salt formulation. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities (against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria) were also performed in this study. The MP, and FT-IR, were used for the structure elucidation.
Test-Retest Reliability and Convergent Validity of Piezoelectric Force Plate Measures of Single-Leg Sit-to-Stand Performance in Trained Adults
Authors: Makaracı Yücel , Nas Kazım , Ruiz-Cárdenas Juan D. , Gündüz Kerem , Aydemir Mustafa , Orange Samuel T. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Makaracı, Y, Nas, K, Ruiz-Cárdenas, JD, Gündüz, K, Aydemir, M, and Orange, ST. Test-retest reliability and convergent validity of piezoelectric force plate measures of single-leg sit-to-stand performance in trained adults. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2373–2380, 2023—The single-leg sit-to-stand (STS) test has emerged as a promising method of assessing lower-limb functional strength and asymmetry. However, the reliability of its performance parameters on a force plate has not been explored. This study examined the test-retest reliability and convergent validity of the single-leg STS test performed on a piezoelectric-based force plate in trained subjects. Thirty trained male adults (age: 21.4 ± 1.7 years) performed 3 separate single-leg STS days of testing to assess both intraday and interday reliability. Performance parameters included STS time, ground reaction force (GRF), and center of pressure (CoP) sway velocity. The relationship between single-leg STS parameters and unilateral countermovement jump (CMJ) variables was assessed for convergent validity. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated for reliability analyses, and convergent validity was assessed with Spearman's correlation coefficient (ρ). In the dominant leg, single-leg performance parameters showed moderate-to-excellent intraday reliability (ICC = 0.65–0.90, CV = 4.3–11.2%) and moderate interday reliability (ICC = 0.54–0.74, CV = 5.8–13.5%). In the nondominant leg, all single-leg STS performance parameters showed good intraday (ICC = 0.79–0.86, CV = 3.8–9.8%) and interday reliability (ICC = 0.75–0.82, CV = 4.6–9.7%). STS times in the dominant and nondominant legs were inversely related to unilateral CMJ velocity (ρ = −0.47 and −0.38, respectively). CoP sway velocity in the nondominant leg showed positive correlations with unilateral CMJ power and velocity (ρ = 0.38 and 0.54, respectively). In conclusion, the force plate–based single-leg STS test provides reliable measures of STS time, GRF, and CoP sway velocity in trained adults and could be used to assess lower-limb function and asymmetry.
Within-Subject Principal Component Analysis of External Training Load and Intensity Measures in Youth Soccer Training
Authors: Marynowicz Jakub , Lango Mateusz , Horna Damian , Kikut Karol , Konefał Marek , Chmura Paweł , Andrzejewski Marcin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Marynowicz, J, Lango, M, Horna, D, Kikut, K, Konefał, M, Chmura, P, and Andrzejewski, M. Within-participant principal component analysis of external training load and intensity measures in youth soccer training. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2411–2416, 2023—The aim of this study was to identify which combination of external training load (EL) and external intensity (EI) metrics during youth soccer training sessions captured similar or unique information. Data were collected from 18 youth soccer players during an 18-week in-season competition period using a 10-Hz global positioning system, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and session-RPE (sRPE). External training load measures included total distance (TD, in meters), PlayerLoad (PL, in arbitrary units), high-speed running distance (HSR, in meters), and number of accelerations (ACC, n). All EL metrics were also divided by session duration (minutes) to obtain EI values. A total of 804 training observations were undertaken (43 ± 17 sessions per player). The analysis was performed by use of the principal component analysis technique. The first principal component (PC) captured 49–70% and 68–89% of the total variance in EI and EL, respectively. The findings show that from the 5 EI metrics, most of the information can be explained by either TD per minute or PL per minute, with a loading from 0.87 to 0.98 and from 0.76 to 0.95, respectively. The majority of EL information can be explained by PL (loading: 0.93–0.98), TD (loading: 0.95–0.99), ACC (loading: 0.71–0.91), or sRPE (loading: 0.70–0.93). The second PC for EL metrics is most strongly correlated with HSR, with loadings from 0.53 to 0.84. The results suggest that the majority of the information contained in the EL variables can be captured in 1 PC without losing much information. The findings suggest that stakeholders who intend to provide a fast and holistic view of EL information in a daily training environment should report TD, PL, ACC, or sRPE plus HSR to coaching staff as a metrics that provides additional unique information.
Assessing Limb Dominance and Interlimb Asymmetries Over Multiple Angles During Change of Direction Speed Tests in Basketball Players
Authors: Gonzalo-Skok Oliver , Dos'Santos Thomas , Bishop Chris 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Gonzalo-Skok, O, Dos' Santos, T, and Bishop, C. Assessing limb dominance and interlimb asymmetries over multiple angles during change of direction speed tests in basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2423–2430, 2023—The aims of this study were to establish whether directional dominance is displayed during change of direction (COD) tasks across various angles, to determine the angle-variation data for the asymmetry magnitude and direction, and to analyze the relationships in COD performance (completion time and COD deficit) across tasks. Twenty-four young (U-16 to U-20), highly trained male basketball players performed a 10-m linear sprint test and four 10-m COD tests (45°, 90°, 135°, and 180°) in left and right directions. Change of direction performance was determined via total times and COD deficit, and asymmetry comparisons were made between faster and slower directions and dominant leg (DL) (i.e., first step leg in lay-up) and nondominant leg (NDL). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between DL and NDL for any task excluding 45° COD (p < 0.05, effect size [ES] = 0.44–0.78), but significant differences were established between faster and slower sides for all angles (p < 0.05, ES = 0.70–1.28). Levels of the agreement in directional dominance during COD tasks were generally poor to slight (k = −0.14 to 0.14), excluding a fair agreement between COD45 and COD90 (k = 0.34). Correlations between COD total times and COD deficits between angles were moderate to very large (r = 0.32 to 0.81) and moderate to large (r = −0.30 to 0.55), respectively. Players displayed superior COD performance in a particular direction across various angles. This directional dominance is not necessarily consistent between angles, thus highlighting the angle-dependent nature of COD performance. Consequently, practitioners should investigate multiple angles and directions to create a COD angle profile for their athletes.
Influence of Body Composition, Load-Velocity Profiles, and Sex-Related Differences on Army Combat Fitness Test Performance
Authors: Boffey David , DiPrima Joseph A. , Kendall Kristina L. , Hill Ethan C. , Stout Jeffrey R. , Fukuda David H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Boffey, D, DiPrima, JA, Kendall, KL, Hill, EC, Stout, JR, and Fukuda, DH. Influence of body composition, load-velocity profiles, and sex-related differences on army combat fitness test performance. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2467–2476, 2023—The Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) became the U.S. Army's mandatory physical fitness test in April of 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ACFT performance and both body composition and velocity profiles and to determine sex differences for these variables. Data were collected at 2 timepoints 4 months apart, from male (n = 55) and female (n = 17) Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. Body composition was assessed with a bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy device, and cadets completed a hex bar deadlift load-velocity profile (LVP) and ACFT on separate days. Stepwise multiple regressions were used to explain the amount of variance in ACFT total score and individual event performance. Significance for statistical tests was defined as an alpha level of p ≤ 0.05. Muscle mass and body fat percentage accounted for 49% of shared variance of total ACFT score, and deadlift maximal power and maximal velocity accounted for 67% of shared variance of total ACFT score. The 3 repetition maximum deadlift, standing power throw, hand-release push-up, and sprint-drag-carry events favored cadets with more muscle mass, whereas the leg tuck was influenced by the body fat percentage and the 2-mile run was affected by fat mass. Sex had greater predictive capability for the 2-mile run than body composition. Men outperformed women on all individual events, with the greatest differences on standing power throw and sprint-drag-carry. It is recommended that Army ROTC cadets taking the ACFT maximize lower-body power production and increase muscle mass.
Validity of a Smartphone App Using Artificial Intelligence for the Real-Time Measurement of Barbell Velocity in the Bench Press Exercise
Authors: Balsalobre-Fernández Carlos , Xu Jiaqing , Jarvis Paul , Thompson Steve , Tannion Kyran , Bishop Chris 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Balsalobre-Fernández, C, Xu, J, Jarvis, P, Thompson, S, Tannion, K, and Bishop, C. Validity of a smartphone app using artificial intelligence for the real-time measurement of barbell velocity in the bench press exercise. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): e640–e645, 2023—The purpose of this study was to explore the validity and within-session reliability of the newly developed My Jump Lab application (app), which uses artificial intelligence techniques to monitor barbell velocity in real time. Twenty-seven sport science students performed 5 repetitions at 50 and 75% of their self-reported bench press 1 repetition maximum (1RM) during a single testing session, whereas barbell velocity was concurrently measured using the app (installed on an iPhone 12 Pro) and the GymAware linear position transducer (LPT). A very high correlation was observed between devices at each loading condition (50% 1RM: r = 0.90 [0.82–0.97]; 75% 1RM: r = 0.92 [0.86–0.98]). Results showed trivial differences between the app and LPT at both 50% 1RM (g = −0.06) and 75% 1RM (g = −0.12). Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias estimate of −0.010 m·s−1 and −0.026 m·s−1 for the 50 and 75% 1RM, respectively. Finally, similar levels of reliability, as revealed by the coefficient of variation, were observed for both devices (50% 1RM: LPT = 6.52%, app = 8.17%; 75% 1RM: LPT = 12.10%, app = 13.55%). Collectively, the findings of this study support the use of My Jump Lab for the measurement of real-time barbell velocity in the bench press exercise.
Physiological Mechanisms That Impact Exercise Adaptations for Individuals With Down Syndrome
Authors: Post Emily M. , Kraemer William J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Post, EM, and Kraemer, WJ. Physiological mechanisms that impact exercise adaptations for individuals with Down syndrome. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): e646–e655, 2023—Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder diagnosed in the United States since 2014. There is a wide range of intellectual severities, with the average IQ of individuals with DS at approximately 50 and adults without intellectual delay at approximately 70–130. Individuals with DS vary from mild to severe cognitive impairment, depending on the phenotypic penetration on the 21st chromosome, with the average cognitive capacity equivalent to a cognitive functioning of an 8- to 9-year-old child. To have successful health, all aspects of health must be considered (i.e., overall health, fitness, and social). Both aerobic training and resistance training (RT) are favored for a healthy lifestyle. Resistance training specifically can help improve motor function and overall activities of daily living. Although many motivational and environmental barriers for individuals with DS can make exercising difficult, there are many ways to overcome those barriers (both intrinsically and extrinsically). Individuals with DS should strive for 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise a week or a combination of both. The individual should also strive for 2 or more days a week of strengthening activities, such as RT, involving all muscle groups. These activities will help improve many aspects of life, leading to a better quality of life. Regular group exercise activity can help increase self-confidence and success socially in life. This review will focus on the underlying biological mechanisms related to DS, their influence on exercise, and the roles exercise plays in mediating positive health, physical fitness, and social lifestyle outcomes.
Testing Limb Symmetry and Asymmetry After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: 4 Considerations to Increase Its Utility
Authors: Jordan Matthew J. , Bishop Chris 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury occurs frequently in sport and surgical reconstruction is often recommended to restore knee joint stability. To guide rehabilitation and determine return to sport readiness, practitioners have used a long-standing practice of calculating the limb symmetry index (LSI) in various functional, biomechanical, and strength tests to compare the injured limb with the noninjured contralateral limb. However, the evidence in support of the LSI calculation to quantify rehabilitation status and return to sport readiness is mixed. We synthesize scientific literature on the LSI calculation and discuss potential reasons for the mixed evidence and limitations. We present 4 considerations to improve the utility of the LSI calculation including (a): the importance of establishing the right benchmark of recovery such as the preinjury contralateral limb or a sport-specific noninjured control benchmark; (b) strategies to manage the high variation in movement asymmetry calculations and the importance of quantifying the intrasubject variability for the component parts of the LSI; (c) the evidence for assessing the movement strategy alongside performance when using the LSI; and (d) how a sport-specific envelope of function can be used to inform post-ACL injury testing that incorporates the LSI.