bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Portulaca Grandiflora Aerial Part
Extract in Atherogenic Diet-induced Atherosclerosis
Authors: Wang Xiuping , Sharma Aishwarya , Liu Yongchao , Wang Xiaoying , Kumari Deepika , Kainth Ritu 
Published: October 2023

Background::
Portulaca grandiflora is a tiny, upright herb that contains a variety of
chemical components, including alkaloids, glycosides, mucilage, proteins, tannins, flavonoids,
saponins, polysaccharides, and triterpenoids possessing properties that may help with atherosclerosis.
The reported pharmacological properties of Portulaca grandiflora are antioxidant, antidiabetic,
antiasthmatic, antibacterial, antiulcer and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objectives::
The yield of methanol extract is higher than that of ethanol and acetone, and its phytoconstituents,
like flavonoids and polyphenols, and has potent antioxidant properties. In order to
determine the effectiveness of Portulaca grandiflora methanol extract fraction against high-fat
diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia, hemodynamic change, antioxidant levels, and vascular dysfunction
in rats, a study was carried out on a flavonoid-rich methanol extract fraction of the aerial
part of Portulaca grandiflora Hook

Methods::
This method involves a study of 30 days involving male Wistar rats (240–250 g) (n=5)
that were fed with an Ath diet. Study groups were divided into (i) The Control Group, (ii) the
Diseases Control Group, (iii) Disease + Standard drug (Atorvastatin 20mg/kg, orally, (iv) Disease
+ Test Extract dose 1 (Portulaca grandiflora 200 mg/kg orally), and (v) Disease + Test Extract
dose 2 (Portulaca grandiflora 400 mg/kg orally). Both the test drug Portulaca grandiflora
and the standard drug Atorvastatin were given orally for 30 days.

Results::
At the end of the study, blood samples were taken to measure the serum lipid profile,
alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and levels of oxidative
tissue stress. Hemodynamic parameters and aortic staining were performed. Portulaca grandiflora
treatment improved the lipid profile and considerably reduced oxidative stress levels.
Aortic staining examination revealed a marked reduction in atherosclerotic lesions.

Conclusion::
These results revealed that Portulaca grandiflora is an effective treatment approach
in preventing atherosclerotic lesion progression, which is attributed to its protection against oxidative
stress and various enzymatic activities in the Atherogenic model.
An Exploration of Organoid Technology: Present Advancements,
Applications, and Obstacles
Authors: Mishra Isha , Gupta Komal , Mishra Raghav , Chaudhary Kajal , Sharma Vikram 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Organoids are in vitro models that exhibit a three-dimensional structure
and effectively replicate the structural and physiological features of human organs. The capacity
to research complex biological processes and disorders in a controlled setting is laid out by these
miniature organ-like structures.

Objectives:
This work examines the potential applications of organoid technology, as well as the
challenges and future directions associated with its implementation. It aims to emphasize the
pivotal role of organoids in disease modeling, drug discovery, developmental biology, precision
medicine, and fundamental research.

Methods:
The manuscript was put together by conducting a comprehensive literature review,
which involved an in-depth evaluation of globally renowned scientific research databases.

Results:
The field of organoids has generated significant attention due to its potential applications
in tissue development and disease modelling, as well as its implications for personalised
medicine, drug screening, and cell-based therapies. The utilisation of organoids has proven to be
effective in the examination of various conditions, encompassing genetic disorders, cancer, neurodevelopmental
disorders, and infectious diseases.

Conclusion:
The exploration of the wider uses of organoids is still in its early phases. Research
shall be conducted to integrate 3D organoid systems as alternatives for current models, potentially
improving both fundamental and clinical studies in the future.
Gut Microbiome and Circadian Interactions with Platelets Across Human
Diseases, including Alzheimer’s Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis,
and Cancer
Authors: Anderson George 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Platelets have traditionally been investigated for their role in clot formation in the
course of cardiovascular diseases and strokes. However, recent work indicates platelets to be an integral
aspect of wider systemic processes, with relevance to the pathophysiology of a host of diverse
medical conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. This article reviews
platelet function and interactions with the gut microbiome and circadian systems, highlighting the
role of the platelet mitochondrial melatonergic pathway in determining platelet activation, fluxes
and plasticity. This provides a number of novel conceptualizations of platelet function and mode
of interaction with other cell types, including in the pathoetiology and pathophysiology of diverse
medical conditions, such as cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It is
proposed that a platelet-gut axis allows platelets to contribute to many of the pathophysiological
processes linked to gut dysbiosis and gut permeability. This is at least partly via platelet sphingosine-
1-phosphate release, which regulates enteric glial cells and lymphocyte chemotaxis, indicating
an etiological role for platelets in a wide array of medical conditions linked to alterations in
the gut microbiome. Platelets are also an important regulator of the various microenvironments
that underpin most human medical conditions, including the tumor microenvironment, neurodegenerative
diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Platelet serotonin release regulates the availability
of the mitochondrial melatonergic pathway systemically, thereby being an important determinant
of the dynamic metabolic interactions occurring across cell types that underpin the pathoetiology
of many medical conditions. In addition, a number of novel and diverse future research directions
and treatment implications are proposed.
Development and In Vitro Evaluation of Aceclofenac Buccal Film
Authors: Almurisi Samah Hamed , Mohammed Ayah , Qassem Farah , Jehad Heba , Jassim Asma , AL-Japairai Khater , Sammour Rana M.F. 
Published: October 2023

Aim::
This study aimed to formulate and characterize aceclofenac buccal film formulations
made of different polymers and evaluate the effects of polymer type on buccal film properties.

Materials and Methods::
Five polymer types, namely hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), sodium
carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Eudragit S100, and Eudragit
SR100, were used to prepare aceclofenac buccal film formulation either separately or combined by
solvent-casting method. These formulations were evaluated in terms of physical appearance, folding
test, film weight and thickness, drug content, percentage of elongation, moisture uptake, water vapor
permeability, and in vitro drug release.

Results::
The addition of Eudragit polymer in most of the produced buccal films was unacceptable
with low folding endurance. However, the dissolution profile of buccal films made from PVA and
Eudragit SR100 provided a controlled drug release profile.

Conclusion::
Buccal films can be formulated using different polymers either individually or in combination
to obtain the drug release profile required to achieve a desired treatment goal. Furthermore,
the property of the buccal films depends on the type and concentration of the polymer used.
Prepubertal Continuous Dietary Folate Fortification Enhances the Brain
Function of Adult Mice by Modulating Antioxidant Status, Inflammation,
and Brain Neurotransmitter Levels
Authors: Onaolapo Olakunle J. , Olofinnade Anthony T. , Ojo Folusho O. , Falade Joshua , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. 
Published: October 2023

Background::
The benefits of folic acid supplementation have been documented in several
studies. However, while evidence exists regarding its benefits for growth and haematologic
parameters, its possible effects on the brain have been less examined.

Objectives::
The study aimed to examine the benefits of dietary folic acid supplementation (beginning
in the prepubertal period) on neurobehaviour, oxidative stress, inflammatory parameters, and
neurotransmitter levels in adult mice.

Methods::
Forty-eight prepubertal male mice were assigned into four groups of 12 animals each.
Mice were grouped into normal control (fed standard diet) and three groups fed folic acid supplemented
diet at 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg of feed. Animals were fed a standard diet or folic acid-supplemented
diet for eight weeks during which food intake and body weight were assessed. On postnatal
day 78, animals were exposed to the open-field, Y-maze, radial arm maze, elevated plus maze, bar
test, and models of behavioural despair. 24 hours after the last behavioural test, animals were made
to fast overnight and then sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood was then taken for the assessment
of blood glucose, leptin, and insulin levels. Homogenates of brain tissue were prepared and used for
the assessment of biochemical parameters.

Results::
Results showed a concentration-dependent increase in body weight, and improved antioxidant
status, memory scores, and acetylcholine levels. Also, a decrease in food intake, blood glucose,
insulin, and leptin levels was observed. A reduction in open-field behaviour, anxiety-related behaviour,
and proinflammatory markers, was also observed.

Conclusion::
The beneficial effect of prepubertal continuous dietary folate fortification on the brain
(as the animal ages) has been shown in this study.
Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Platforms: Development and Outlook
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Qu Yuanxin , Wang Xiaolong , Liu Ziqi 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Multi-degree-of-freedom platforms are frequently employed in space
docking devices, motion modeling, and robotics. Complex research is being done on multidegree-
of-freedom platforms, including work on spatial route creation, control simulation, and
forward and backward platform motion solutions. The development of research platforms in their
current state is advantageous for advancing multi-degree-of-freedom motion research, which has
the potential to advance numerous sectors through new technology.

Objective:
In this patent study, the benefits and drawbacks of various platforms are explored to
analyze the development trend of platforms for academics and engineers through the most recent
development of multi-degree-of-freedom platforms.

Methods:
By using the research methodology, research substance, and inventive structure of the
most recent representative patents of the multi-degree-of-freedom platform, the platform's operating
principle and characteristics are demonstrated.

Results:
By contrasting multi-degree-of-freedom platforms in various application domains, the
issues with current multi-degree-of-freedom platforms are enumerated, and the platforms' potential
future development path and research topics are suggested.

Conclusion:
The growth of the aviation, medical, and military industries is aided by the development
of multi-degree-of-freedom platforms, and the flexible distribution of high-precision parallel
platforms has promising future development.
Osthole: A Medicinally Privileged Natural Compound with its Therapeutic
Potential
Authors: Ansari Kamran , Gupta Ujjwal , Sinha Antra , Sharma Ankit , Rahate Kalpana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract::
Osthole is a coumarin derived natural compound which is an essential ingredient of Traditional
Chinese Medicine (TMC) and is widely distributed in nature in plants like Cnidium monnieri
(L) Cusson and Angelica pubescens. Current study presents a critical review on description of pharmacological
importance of osthole, which is reported to exhibit anticancer, antioxidant, osteogenic,
hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protective, antimicrobial, immuno-modulatory and
anti-inflammatory activities. Till date, the reports include pharmacological properties, brief chemistry
of advanced methods to explore osthole content in variety of plants. Present review seeks to highlight
the sources, biosynthesis, extraction methods, pharmacological properties of the molecule and
its derivatives. A brief discussion on patents recently published and granted on the molecule has also
been highlighted. Thus the overview of the literature presents the analysis about future possible modalities
of the research on this molecule.
Current Trends on Innovative Technologies in Topical Wound Care for
Advanced Healing and Management
Authors: Saifullah Qazi , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
To investigate critically traditional and modern techniques for cutaneous
wound healing and to provide comprehensive information on these novel techniques to encounter
the challenges with the existing wound healing methods.

Significance:
The financial burden and mortality associated with wounds is increasing, so managing
wounds is essential. Traditional wound treatments include surgical and non-surgical
methods, while modern techniques are advancing rapidly. This review examines the various
traditional and modern techniques used for cutaneous wound healing.

Key Findings:
Traditional wound treatments include surgical techniques such as debridement,
skin flaps, and grafts. Non-surgical treatments include skin replacements, topical formulations,
scaffold-based skin grafts, and hydrogel-based skin dressings. More modern techniques include
using nanoparticles, growth factors, and bioactive substances in wound dressings. Bioengineered
skin substitutes using biomaterials, cells, and growth factors are also being developed.
Other techniques include stem cell therapy, growth factor/cytokine therapy, vacuum-assisted
wound closure, and 3D-printed/bio-printed wound dressings.

Conclusion:
Traditional wound treatments have been replaced by modern techniques such as
stem cell therapy, growth factor/cytokine therapy, vacuum-assisted wound closure, and bioengineered
skin substitutes. However, most of these strategies lack effectiveness and thorough
evaluation. Therefore, further research is required to develop new techniques for cutaneous
wound healing that are effective, cost-efficient, and appealing to patients.
Melatonin and Related Compounds as Antioxidants
Authors: Barbarossa Alexia , Carrieri Antonio , Carocci Alessia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Oxidative stress has been reported to be involved in the onset and development of several
diseases, including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders, some types of cancer, and diabetes.
Therefore, finding strategies to detoxify free radicals is an active area of research. One of these
strategies is the use of natural or synthetic antioxidants. In this context, melatonin (MLT) has been
proven to possess most of the required characteristics of an efficient antioxidant. In addition, its protection
against oxidative stress continues after being metabolized, since its metabolites also exhibit
antioxidant capacity. Based on the appealing properties of MLT and its metabolites, various synthetic
analogues have been developed to obtain compounds with higher activity and lower side effects. This
review addresses recent studies with MLT and related compounds as potential antioxidants.
A R T I C L E H I S T O R Y
Received: March 25, 2023
Revised: May 06, 2023
Accepted: May 30, 2023
DOI:
10.2174/1389557523666230627140816
Keywords: Melatonin, circadian rhythms, indole nucleus, antioxidants, oxidative stress, radical scavengers, neurodegenerative
Expanding Diabetes Specialty Care in a Community Primary Care Practice Center
Authors: Gunasekaran Uma 
Published: October 2023

<p> </p>
<p>Parkland Health is the safety-net health system of Dallas County, TX, serving the indigent and underserved individuals of the county. The Diabetes Specialty Clinic is located on the main campus of Parkland Health adjacent to the main hospital. Primary care is provided to residents at community-oriented primary care clinics (COPCs), which are located in underserved areas throughout Dallas County.</p>
TANGGUNG JAWAB PEMILIK KAPAL ATAS KASUS TUMPAHAN MINYAK MT ALYARMOUK DI PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN RIAU BERDASARKAN CONVENTION ON CIVIL LIABILITY FOR OIL POLLUTION DAMAGE 1992
Authors: Muqtarib Muqtarib 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRAK
Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki wilayah laut yang sangat luas, diperkirakan luasnya mencapai 3.273,310 Km. Dengan wilayah laut yang sangat luas itu, Indonesia tentu tidak akan luput dari berbagai permasalahan seperti pencemaran laut, termasuk juga pencemaran akibat tumpahan minyak. Pada tahun 2015 terdapat kecelakaan kapal antara MT Alyarmouk (Libya) dengan MV Sinar Kapuas (Singapura), kecelakaan tersebut mengakibatkan lambung MT Alyarmouk menumpahkan 4.500 ton minyak mentah ke perairan perbatasan Singapura-Indonesia, yang berakibat pada tercemarnya perairan Kepulauan Riau. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif serta metode analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ketentuan-ketentuan dalam Convention On Civil Liability For Oil Pollution Damage 1992 (CLC 1992) mewajibkan General National Maritime Transport Company selaku pemilik dari MT Alyarmouk bertanggung jawab secara mutlak atas pencemaran yang terjadi, selanjutnya pemilik kapal tersebut juga harus memberikan kompensasi sebagai bentuk tanggung jawabnya, kepada pihak yang dirugikan akibat pencemaran tersebut.
ABSTRACT
Indonesia is a country that has a very large sea area, an estimated area of 3,273,310 km. With such a vast sea area, Indonesia will certainly not escape various problems such as marine pollution, including pollution due to oil spills. In 2015 there was a ship accident between MT Alyarmouk (Libya) and MV Sinar Kapuas (Singapore), the accident resulted in MT Alyarmouk's hull spilling 4,500 tons of crude oil into the waters of the Singapore-Indonesia border, which resulted in contamination of the waters of the Riau Islands. The research method used in this research is a normative juridical approach and an analytical method using a qualitative juridical approach. Based on the result of the research, provisions in the Convention On Civil Liability For Oil Pollution Damage 1992 (CLC 1992) require the General National Maritime Transport Company as the owner of MT Alyarmouk is absolutely responsible for the pollution that occurs, then the owner of the ship must also provide compensation as a form of responsibility, to the party who is harmed by the pollution.
Infection rate among close contacts of patients with coronavirus disease in Japan: a descriptive study and literature review
Authors: Yamamura Osamu , Onishi Hidenori , Sakamaki Ippei , Fujita Ryousuke , Miyashita Hirofumi , Iwasaki Hiromichi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
In Japan, on April 20, 2020, the definition of a close contact regarding coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was changed from a long-term contact time to a specified contact time of 15 min and from a contact distance of 2 m to 1 m.

Objectives
We aimed to determine the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rate among close contacts of patients with COVID-19 and determine the impact of the infection on transmission among close contacts.

Methods
The numbers of SARS-CoV-2 tests, SARS-CoV-2-positive cases, and close contacts of patients with COVID-19 were assessed between March 2020 and February 2021 in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. The study period was subdivided into 3 periods. The second and third period contained data with the changed definition of close contact.

Results
Overall, 32,238 SARS-CoV-2 tests were performed. There were 545 patients with COVID-19 and 1487 close contacts, of whom 267 tested positive. The highest infection rate occurred in period 3. Distance, protective measures, and contact time with COVID-19 patients influenced the increased infection rate. The infection rate showed a rising trend from 11.1% in period 1 to 19.2% and 20.0% in periods 2 and 3, respectively (Cochran–Armitage test; P < 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that female sex was an independent risk factor for infection of close contacts (odds ratio: 2.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.700–2.930).

Conclusions
Female sex is a risk factor for transmission by close contacts. The rate of infection among close contacts may be associated with contact time, contact distance, and protective measures.
The effect of transversus abdominis plane block application on postoperative analgesia quality and patient satisfaction after varicocele surgery: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Boran Ömer Faruk , Urfalioglu Aykut , Arslan Mahmut , Yazar Fatih Mehmet , Bilal Bora , Orak Yavuz , Katı Bülent , Bozan Ayşe Azak 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Postoperative pain management is an important aspect of anesthesia care and multimodal analgesic techniques are generally recommended.

Objective
To compare the effect of spinal anesthesia + transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block application on postoperative analgesia quality and patient satisfaction with spinal anesthesia + intrathecal morphine (ITM) application.

Methods
A total of 70 patients were randomly separated into 2 groups as spinal anesthesia + TAP block (TAP block group, n = 34) and spinal anesthesia + ITM group (ITM group, n = 36). The groups were compared in respect of age, body mass index values, and visual analog scale (VAS) values at 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 18 h, and patient satisfaction was scored by Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Management at 24 h.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 32.52 ± 6.50 years in the TAP block group and 30.11 ± 5.62 years in the ITM group, with no statistically significant difference determined. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of VAS values at 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 18 h. When the factors affecting postoperative patient satisfaction were evaluated, feeling fatigue after the surgery (r = −0.811, P = 0.001) and postoperative complications such as nausea, vomiting, and itching (r = −0.831, P = 0.001) were found to have a negative effect on patient satisfaction.

Conclusion
Due to low complication rates, TAP block is an effective application for postoperative analgesia management in varicocele operations that increases patient satisfaction postoperatively.
Relationship between variations in ecological conditions and the dynamics of intra-specific morphological diversity of Artemisia herba-alba Asso in Algeria
Authors: Benchohra Maghni , Ahmed Adda , Merah Othmane 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research work focused on the study of morphological diversity in 270 types of Artemisia herba-alba, known as “white wormwood,” from different bioclimatic stages and its relationship with the distribution and adaptation of the species. The phenotypic parameters studied include the aerial vegetative part of the leaves and the flowers. The existing relationships between the ecological conditions and the genetic dynamics expressed by the morphological polymorphism of the populations concerned have been established. Results obtained allowed us to admit that we have two ecotypes in Algeria: the first one has five flowers per capitulum and can be found at the level of the three bioclimatic floors studied; whereas the second one has eight flowers per capitulum occupying only the territories with a Saharan climate. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and UPGMA dendrogram allowed us to observe a very significant intra- and inter-population morphological polymorphism at the level of each site and between the different sites. This wide variability thus observed for A. herba-alba could help research on a large collection of individuals and therefore to choose the most effective ecotypes in order to reintroduce this species in the steppe areas of Algeria.