bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors predicting depressive symptoms in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in eastern China
Authors: Chen Xu , Tong Jiao , Zhang Weijing , Wang Xin , Ma Shan , Shi Dongdong , Yan Dongmei , Liu Yan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at a higher risk of depression than parents of typically developing children and those of children with other developmental disorders. Depression affects the well-being and quality of life of parents of children with ASD and has serious consequences for the long-term health outcomes of children with ASD. Therefore, this study explored the current status of depressive symptoms in parents of children with ASD in eastern China and further analyzed multiple aspects of the predictors of depressive symptoms.

Methods
A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted among parents of children with ASD in the rehabilitation department of a large specialized hospital and 10 rehabilitation centers for children with special needs in Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, Eastern China. A structured questionnaire that focused on child-related factors, parent-related factors, depressive symptoms, courtesy stigma, and social support was used to obtain data. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the independent predictors of depressive symptoms in parents of children with ASD.

Results
A total of 409 parents of children with ASD were recruited, of whom 18.8% had depressive symptoms. Parents of children with ASD who raised a child who spoke few to no words (odds ratio [OR]: 2.747, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.026–7.357), claimed a high economic burden (OR: 3.215, 95% CI: 1.234–8.379), reported no change or increased severity of ASD in their children (OR: 2.518, 95% CI: 1.108–5.720), and those with a higher courtesy stigma score (OR: 1.189, 95% CI: 1.093–1.294) were more likely to have depressive symptoms. Conversely, parents of children with ASD who were employed (OR: 0.427, 95% CI: 0.201–0.907), satisfied with their current marital status (OR: 0.429, 95% CI: 0.221–0.834), and those with a higher social support score (OR: 0.973, 95% CI: 0.950–0.996) were less likely to have depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
Depressive symptoms are common in parents of children with ASD in eastern China. Therefore, screening and intervention for depressive symptoms in parents of children with ASD is necessary, especially for those with high-risk factors.
A cross sectional study exploring the relationship of self-reported physical activity with function, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy and quality of life in an Asian population seeking care for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Goff Anthony J. , Jones Lester E. , Lim Chien Joo , Tan Bryan Yijia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Physical activity is a guideline-recommended first-line intervention for people with knee osteoarthritis. Physical activity levels, and its potential correlates, is underexplored in Asian populations with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods
Participants enrolled in a longitudinal study in Singapore self-reported physical activity (UCLA activity score), function (Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS-12]), kinesiophobia (Brief fear of movement [BFOM]), self-efficacy (ASES-8), and quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L). One-Way ANOVA was used to test the difference in outcomes between UCLA categories, while ordinal logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors to physical activity level.

Results
Seventy-three percent of all enrolled participants (n = 311/425) reported either inactivity or low physical activity (median 4, IQR 3–5). Significant, weak, positive correlations were observed be-tween UCLA activity score and either KOOS-12 (Spearman’s rho: 0.1961; p < 0.001), ASES-8 (0.1983; p = 0.004), or EQ-5D-5 L (0.2078; p < 0.001). A significant, weak, negative correlation was observed between physical activity and BFOM (-0.2183; p < 0.001). Significant differences in function between groups (moderate vs. inactive or low physical activity) were not clinically important. Participants with obesity, from the eldest age category (i.e. ≥75), or who identified as Malay or female, were less physically active than those with a healthy BMI, below the age of 54, or who identified as Chinese or male, respectively.

Conclusion
Healthcare professionals in Asia should be aware of the large proportion of people with knee osteoarthritis who are either inactive or have low physical activity levels. Screening for, and offering interventions to promote, physical activity and its correlates should be prioritised.
Results of thyroidectomies according to general surgeons and otolaryngologist and cervico faciale surgeons at the general Hospital of Reference of Niamey, what differences in the protocols of management?
Authors: Saidou A. , Djafarou A. B. , Alfari A. A. , Zabeirou Oudou A. , Ide K. , Bakou O. G. , Younssa H. , James Didier L. , Sani R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the surgical management of thyroid pathologies at the Reference General Hospital.

Methods
This was a retro-prospective study over 4 years 6 months carried out in the departments of General and Digestive Surgery (GDS) and Otorhinolaryngology and Cervico Facial Surgery (ORL/FCS). It involved 182 patients who underwent thyroid surgery.

Results
A frequency of thyroidectomy of 9.46% was found. Females predominated with a sex ratio of 0.1. The average age of patients was 42.85 years, a standard deviation 12.80. 84.06% of patients had consulted for anterior cervical mass. EU-TIRADS score 3 represented 7,14% of cases. Heteromultinodular goiter was the main indication for thyroid surgery (59.34%). Total thyroidectomy was the most commonly performed gesture in general surgery in 88,23% (n = 105), in Otorhinolaryngology, it was in the same proportion as lobo-isthmectomy at 47.61% (n = 30). The first route was video-assisted thyroidectomy 2.2% (n = 4). The recurrent laryngeal nerve was dissected and seen in 159 cases (87.36%) and parathyroid glands were also seen and preserved in 58.24% of cases (n = 106). In immediate postoperative surgery, the main complications were unilateral recurrent paralysis with dysphonia in 3.3% (n = 6) and compressive hematoma in 2.2% (n = 4). No deaths had been recorded.

Conclusion
Total thyroidectomy was the most performed procedure in department of General and Digestive Surgery. Routine oral calcium and vitamin D supplementation in the general surgery ward, reduces the occurrence of hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy and allows a safe and early exit. Standardizing protocols will further reduce complications.
Algorithm for the reconstruction of the parotid region: a single institution experience
Authors: Dou Chun-Bo , Ma Si-Rui , Zhang Shi-Long , Su Heng , Yu Zi-Li , Jia Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to discuss the characteristics and treatment methods of malignant tumors in the parotid region, as well as the therapeutic effects of immediate free flap reconstruction of soft tissue for postoperative defects.

Materials and methods
A retrospective review was conducted on 11 cases of soft tissue flap reconstruction for postoperative defects following the resection of malignant tumors in the parotid region. Statistical analysis was performed based on clinical data.

Results
Among the 11 cases of malignant tumors in the parotid region, there were 2 cases of secretory carcinoma (SC) of the salivary gland, 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 2 cases of carcinosarcoma, 1 case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), 1 case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), 1 case of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), 1 case of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and 1 case of osteosarcoma. Among these cases, 4 were initial diagnoses and 7 were recurrent tumors. The defect repairs involved: 8 cases with anterolateral thigh free flap (ALTF), 2 cases with pectoralis major muscle flaps, and 1 case with forearm flap. The size of the flaps ranged from approximately 1 cm × 3 cm to 7 cm × 15 cm. The recipient vessels included: 4 cases with the facial artery, 4 cases with the superior thyroid artery, and 1 case with the external carotid artery. The ratio of recipient vein anastomosis was: 57% for branches of the internal jugular vein, 29% for the facial vein, and 14% for the external jugular vein. Among the 8 cases that underwent neck lymph node dissection, one case showed lymph node metastasis on pathological examination. In the initial diagnosis cases, 2 cases received postoperative radiotherapy, and 1 case received 125I seed implantation therapeutic treatment after experiencing two recurrences. Postoperative follow-up revealed that 2 cases underwent reoperation due to local tumor recurrence, and there were 2 cases lost to follow-up. The survival outcomes after treatment included: one case of distant metastasis and one case of death from non-cancerous diseases.

Conclusion
Immediate soft tissue flap reconstruction is an important and valuable option to address postoperative defects in patients afflicted with malignant tumors in the parotid region.
Cancer screening programs in South-east Asia and Western Pacific
Authors: Wee Hwee-Lin , Canfell Karen , Chiu Han-Mo , Choi Kui Son , Cox Brian , Bhoo-Pathy Nirmala , Simms Kate T , Hamashima Chisato , Shen Qianyu , Chua Brandon , Siwaporn Niyomsri , Toes-Zoutendijk Esther 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The burden of cancer can be altered by screening. The field of cancer screening is constantly evolving; from the initiation of program for new cancer types as well as exploring innovative screening strategies (e.g. new screening tests). The aim of this study was to perform a landscape analysis of existing cancer screening programs in South-East Asia and the Western Pacific.

Methods
We conducted an overview of cancer screening in the region with the goal of summarizing current designs of cancer screening programs. First, a selective narrative literature review was used as an exploration to identify countries with organized screening programs. Second, representatives of each country with an organized program were approached and asked to provide relevant information on the organizations of their national or regional cancer screening program.

Results
There was wide variation in the screening strategies offered in the considered region with only eight programs identified as having an organized design. The majority of these programs did not meet all the essential criteria for being organized screening. The greatest variation was observed in the starting and stopping ages.

Conclusions
Essential criteria of organized screening are missed. Improving organization is crucial to ensure that the beneficial effects of screening are achieved in the long-term. It is strongly recommended to consider a regional cancer screening network.
Physiotherapy-led, community-based airway clearance services for people with chronic lung conditions: a retrospective descriptive evaluation of an existing model of care
Authors: Cooper Laura , Johnston Kylie , Williams Marie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Airway clearance interventions are recommended for people with chronic lung conditions and mucus hypersecretion, but there are few published models of care or descriptions of airway clearance service provision. This evaluation describes a dedicated, physiotherapy-led, community-based airway clearance service in a metropolitan local health network.

Design
Retrospective evaluation using existing airway clearance service administrative database.

Participants
All first referrals to the airway clearance service in a 5-year period (1/1/2017 to 31/12/2021).

Main outcome measures
Available service data grouped into four domains: participant demographics, referral demographics, service provision and outcomes.

Results
Of the 1335 first referrals eligible for inclusion, 1157 (87%) people attended. Bronchiectasis was the commonest condition (n = 649/1135, 49%). A total of 2996 occasions of service (face to face clinic n = 2108, 70%, phone n = 736, 25%, telehealth n = 99, 3%, home visit n = 53, 2%) were delivered. Airway clearance devices frequently prescribed were the Aerobika (525/1157, 45%), bubble-positive expiratory pressure (263/1157, 23%) and the Acapella (127/1157, 11%). On average, initial appointment with the airway clearance service occurred within 36 days of referral and people attended the service three times. Individuals voluntarily completed both pre/post service questionnaires around a third of the time. At least half of responders reported an improvement in respiratory symptom outcome measures consistent with the minimum clinically important difference.

Conclusions
This evaluation describes an airway clearance service as it exists, providing an example from which airway clearance services can be planned, implemented and improved.
Proteomic associations with forced expiratory volume: a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Axelsson Gisli Thor , Jonmundsson Thorarinn , Woo Youngjae , Frick Elisabet Alexandra , Aspelund Thor , Loureiro Joseph J. , Orth Anthony P. , Jennings Lori L. , Gudmundsson Gunnar , Emilsson Valur , Gudmundsdottir Valborg , Gudnason Vilmundur 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
A decline in forced expiratory volume (FEV1) is a hallmark of respiratory diseases that are an important cause of morbidity among the elderly. While some data exist on biomarkers that are related to FEV1, we sought to do a systematic analysis of causal relations of biomarkers with FEV1.

Methods
Data from the population-based AGES-Reykjavik study were used. Serum proteomic measurements were done using 4782 DNA aptamers (SOMAmers). Data from 1479 participants with spirometric data were used to assess the association of SOMAmer measurements with FEV1 using linear regression. Bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses were done to assess causal relations of observationally associated SOMAmers with FEV1, using genotype and SOMAmer data from 5368 AGES-Reykjavik participants and genetic associations with FEV1 from a publicly available GWAS (n = 400,102).

Results
In observational analyses, 530 SOMAmers were associated with FEV1 after multiple testing adjustment (FDR < 0.05). The most significant were Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder 2 (RARRES2), R-Spondin 4 (RSPO4) and Alkaline Phosphatase, Placental Like 2 (ALPPL2). Of the 257 SOMAmers with genetic instruments available, eight were associated with FEV1 in MR analyses. Three were directionally consistent with the observational estimate, Thrombospondin 2 (THBS2), Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidoreductase 1 Beta (ERO1B) and Apolipoprotein M (APOM). THBS2 was further supported by a colocalization analysis. Analyses in the reverse direction, testing whether changes in SOMAmer levels were caused by changes in FEV1, were performed but no significant associations were found after multiple testing adjustments.

Conclusions
In summary, this large scale proteogenomic analyses of FEV1 reveals circulating protein markers of FEV1, as well as several proteins with potential causality to lung function.
Unraveling EGFR-TKI resistance in lung cancer with high PD-L1 or TMB in EGFR-sensitive mutations
Authors: Ding Wuwu , Yang Pengmin , Zhao Xiaokai , Wang Xiaozhi , Liu Huaqing , Su Qing , Wang Xintao , Li Jieyi , Gong Ziying , Zhang Daoyun , Wang Xinwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Although EGFR-TKI resistance mechanisms in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been extensively studied, certain patient subgroups remain with unclear mechanisms. This retrospective study analysed mutation data of NSCLC patients with EGFR-sensitive mutations and high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression or high TMB to identify primary resistance mechanisms.

Methods
Hybrid capture-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to analyse mutations in 639 genes in tumor tissues and blood samples from 339 NSCLC patients. PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining was also performed on the same cell blocks. Molecular and pathway profiles were compared among patient subgroups.

Results
TMB was significantly higher in lung cancer patients with EGFR-sensitive mutations and high PD-L1 expression. Compared with the high-expression PD-L1 or high TMB and low-expression or TMB groups, the top 10 genes exhibited differences in both gene types and mutation rates. Pathway analysis revealed a significant mutations of the PI3K signaling pathway in the EGFR-sensitive mutation group with high PD-L1 expression (38% versus 12%, p < 0.001) and high TMB group (31% versus 13%, p < 0.05). Notably, PIK3CA and PTEN mutations emerged as the most important differentially mutated genes within the PI3K signaling pathway.

Conclusions
Our findings reveal that the presence of PI3K signaling pathway mutations may be responsible for inducing primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC patients with EGFR-sensitive mutations along with high PD-L1 expression or high TMB. This finding is of great significance in guiding subsequent precision treatments in NSCLC.
Phenotypic subtypes of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis identified by machine learning consensus clustering analysis
Authors: Petnak Tananchai , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Thongprayoon Charat , Sodsri Tulaton , Tangpanithandee Supawit , Moua Teng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (f-HP) have varied clinical and radiologic presentations whose associated phenotypic outcomes have not been previously described. We conducted a study to evaluate mortality and lung transplant (LT) outcomes among clinical clusters of f-HP as characterized by an unsupervised machine learning approach.

Methods
Consensus cluster analysis was performed on a retrospective cohort of f-HP patients diagnosed according to recent international guideline. Demographics, antigen exposure, radiologic, histopathologic, and pulmonary function findings along with comorbidities were included in the cluster analysis. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to assess mortality or LT risk as a combined outcome for each cluster.

Results
Three distinct clusters were identified among 336 f-HP patients. Cluster 1 (n = 158, 47%) was characterized by mild restriction on pulmonary function testing (PFT). Cluster 2 (n = 46, 14%) was characterized by younger age, lower BMI, and a higher proportion of identifiable causative antigens with baseline obstructive physiology. Cluster 3 (n = 132, 39%) was characterized by moderate to severe restriction. When compared to cluster 1, mortality or LT risk was lower in cluster 2 (hazard ratio (HR) of 0.42; 95% CI, 0.21–0.82; P = 0.01) and higher in cluster 3 (HR of 1.76; 95% CI, 1.24–2.48; P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Three distinct phenotypes of f-HP with unique mortality or transplant outcomes were found using unsupervised cluster analysis, highlighting improved mortality in fibrotic patients with obstructive physiology and identifiable antigens.
‘Mother(Nature) knows best’ – hijacking nature-designed transcriptional programs for enhancing stress resistance and protein production in Yarrowia lipolytica; presentation of YaliFunTome database
Authors: Gorczyca Maria , Białas Wojciech , Nicaud Jean-Marc , Celińska Ewelina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In the era of rationally designed synthetic biology, heterologous metabolites production, and other counter-nature engineering of cellular metabolism, we took a step back and recalled that ‘Mother(-Nature) knows best’. While still aiming at synthetic, non-natural outcomes of generating an ‘over-production phenotype’ we dug into the pre-designed transcriptional programs evolved in our host organism—Yarrowia lipolytica, hoping that some of these fine-tuned orchestrated programs could be hijacked and used. Having an interest in the practical outcomes of the research, we targeted industrially-relevant functionalities—stress resistance and enhanced synthesis of proteins, and gauged them over extensive experimental design’s completion.

Results
Technically, the problem was addressed by screening a broad library of over 120 Y. lipolytica strains under 72 combinations of variables through a carefully pre-optimized high-throughput cultivation protocol, which enabled actual phenotype development. The abundance of the transcription program elicitors—transcription factors (TFs), was secured by their overexpression, while challenging the strains with the multitude of conditions was inflicted to impact their activation stratus. The data were subjected to mathematical modeling to increase their informativeness.
The amount of the gathered data prompted us to present them in the form of a searchable catalog – the YaliFunTome database (https://sparrow.up.poznan.pl/tsdatabase/)—to facilitate the withdrawal of biological sense from numerical data. We succeeded in the identification of TFs that act as omni-boosters of protein synthesis, enhance resistance to limited oxygen availability, and improve protein synthesis capacity under inorganic nitrogen provision.

Conclusions
All potential users are invited to browse YaliFunTome in the search for homologous TFs and the TF-driven phenotypes of interest.
Osteoking promotes bone formation and bone defect repair through ZBP1–STAT1–PKR–MLKL-mediated necroptosis
Authors: Zhang Suya , Liu Yudong , Ma Zhaochen , Gao Shuangrong , Chen Lin , Zhong Honggang , Zhang Chu , Li Tao , Chen Weiheng , Zhang Yanqiong , Lin Na 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Osteoking has been used for fracture therapy with a satisfying clinical efficacy. However, its therapeutic properties and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Method
A bone defect rat model was established to evaluate the pharmacological effects of Osteoking by the dynamic observation of X-ray, micro-CT and histopathologic examination. Transcriptome profiling was performed to identify bone defect-related genes and Osteoking effective targets. Then, a “disease-related gene–drug target” interaction network was constructed and a list of key network targets were screened, which were experimentally verified.

Results
Osteoking effectively promoted bone defect repair in rats by accelerating the repair of cortical bone and the growth of trabeculae. Histopathologically, the bone defect rats displayed lower histopathologic scores in cortical bone, cancellous bone and bone connection than normal controls. In contrast, Osteoking exerted a favorable effect with a dose-dependent manner. The abnormal serum levels of bone turnover markers, bone growth factors and bone metabolism-related biochemical indexes in bone defect rats were also reversed by Osteoking treatment. Following the transcriptome-based network investigation, we hypothesized that osteoking might attenuate the levels of ZBP1–STAT1–PKR–MLKL-mediated necroptosis involved into bone defect. Experimentally, the expression levels of ZBP1, STAT1, PKR and the hallmark inflammatory cytokines for the end of necroptosis were distinctly elevated in bone defect rats, but were all effectively reversed by Osteoking treatment, which were also suppressed the activities of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL in bone tissue supernatants.

Conclusions
Osteoking may promote bone formation and bone defect repair by regulating ZBP1–STAT1–PKR axis, leading to inhibit RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL activation-mediated necroptosis.