bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lead-induced liver fibrosis and inflammation in mice by the AMPK/MAPKs/NF-κB and STAT3/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathways: the role of Isochlorogenic acid A
Authors: Guo Juntao , Li Hanyu , Shi Jiaxue , Ruan Hainan , Li Jun , Liu Chanmin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Pb is a nonessential heavy metal, which can cause many health problems. Isochlorogenic acid A (ICAA), a phenolic acid present in tea, fruits, vegetables, coffee, plant-based food products, and various medicinal plants, exerts multiple effects, including anti-oxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic functions. Thus, the purpose of our study was to determine if ICAA could prevent Pb-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. We divided five groups of ICR mice into control and experimental groups and treated them for three months. The control group received a normal diet, while the experimental groups consumed lead-containing water (1 g/L lead acetate) with or without ICAA. An evaluation was performed on oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis, and related signaling. The results indicate that ICAA attenuates Pb-induced abnormal liver function. ICAA reduced liver fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress caused by Pb. ICAA abated Pb-induced fibrosis and decreased inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). ICAA abrogated reductions in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Masson stain staining revealed that ICAA reduced collagen fiber deposition in Pb-induced fibrotic livers. Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses showed ICAA increased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) expression. ICAA also reduced the expression of collagen I, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), phosphorylated c-jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), p-p38, phosphorylated signal transducer and phosphorylated activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and p-Smad2/3 in livers of mice. Overall, ICAA ameliorates Pb-induced hepatitis and fibrosis by inhibiting the AMPK/MAPKs/NF-κB and STAT3/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathways.
Assessment of Antibiotic Utilization Pateern, Comparision With Guidelines and Infection Diagnosis Strategies at the Clinic of Mizan Prison, Bench Sheko Zone, South-west Ethiopia Retrospective Cross Sectional Study
Authors: TEKELE MEKURIAW DEREJE 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Antibiotics are strong and effective medicines which are used to treat most different bacterial infections. Antibiotics prescribing should be appropriate and restricted since inappropriate use may contribute to the emergence of resistant microorganisms may lead to unnecessary adverse drug events and has been associated with increased health care costs.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess antibiotic utilization pattern in clinic of Mizan prison. from August 1-October 30, 2023.
Methods: Retrospective cross sectional study was conducted in clinic of Mizan prison to assess antibiotic utilization pattern from August 1-October 30, 2023.The data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21.0
Result: This study was intended to assess antimicrobial utilization pattern, a total of 187 medical records containing antimicrobial agents were evaluated and analyzed at clinic of Mizan prison. From a total patients, number of male patients 127(67.9%) and females 60(32%).Most of the patients were from 19-35 age and the least number of patients belonged to age group of ≥69.
Conclusion :This study gives an overview of antibiotic utilization in clinic of Mizan prison. amoxaicilin, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin were the most frequently prescribed individual drugs.Ineffective drug therapy, need additional drug therapy, unnecessary drug therapy most encountered drug therapy problem followed by dose too high, dose too low, adverse drug reaction and patient compliance.
Investigating the Development and Progression of Myocarditis through the lens of the Genetic Architecture of Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Shafi Ovais , Khan Waleed Azam , Virk Luqman Naseer 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:
Myocarditis-induced inflammation disrupts the intricate genetic architecture governing cardiomyocyte development and function. Understanding the specific disruptions in key regulators, such as Isl1, Nkx2–5, GATA4, and signaling pathways like Wnt and BMPs, is crucial for unraveling the molecular underpinnings of cardiac dysfunction. This investigation holds paramount importance in informing targeted therapeutic strategies to mitigate inflammation-induced genetic disruptions, offering potential breakthroughs in the management of myocarditis and improving outcomes for affected individuals.
Methods:
Databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, were searched for published articles without any date restrictions, focusing on cardiac genes, signaling pathways, and transcription factors, with an emphasis on NF-κB in myocarditis. This study adheres to relevant PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses).
Results:
This study reveals profound disruptions in the genetic architecture of cardiomyocytes. Transcriptional regulatory networks crucial for cardiomyocyte differentiation, including Isl1, Nkx2–5, GATA4, and Tbx5, exhibit altered expression patterns, suggesting compromised maturation processes. The Brg1/Baf60 – Smarcd3 complex, HAND1/2, and MYOCD, essential for cardiogenic regulation, are susceptible to inflammatory damage, impacting cell fate determination. NF-κB-mediated damage to BMPs and the Wnt-signaling pathway results in downstream shifts, affecting gene expression dynamics. These disruptions, coupled with compromised survival mechanisms and heightened apoptotic susceptibility, contribute to cardiac dysfunction and increased arrhythmogenic risk. Altered ECM remodeling and fibrosis further underscore the complexity of myocarditis-induced genetic alterations. Insights from these results hold implications for developing targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating inflammation-induced genetic disruptions and preserving cardiac health in the context of myocarditis.
Conclusion:
Myocarditis-induced inflammation disrupts the intricate genetic architecture of cardiomyocytes, compromising key regulators like Isl1, Brg1/Baf60 complex, Nkx2–5, GATA4, Tbx5, Mef2c, HAND1/2, MYOCD, MSX2, HOPX, Wnt signaling, Notch, FGF, and BMPs. This disruption leads to impaired cardiomyocyte differentiation, compromised survival mechanisms, dysregulated ECM remodeling, and heightened pro-inflammatory responses, collectively resulting in cardiac dysfunction and structural abnormalities. Targeted therapeutic interventions to mitigate inflammation-induced genetic disruptions are crucial for preserving optimal cardiac function in the challenging landscape of myocarditis.
What factors drive higher demand for dairy milk in terms of the regional Economics and Politics
Authors: Kim Hyeonjoo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Dairy products, unlike other industrial products, are not subject to national taxation, and government regulations can have a significant impact on the supply and demand curves of commodities in the market, This study aims to reveal how government regulation may affect dairy milk demand in the absence of a sales tax. As a normal good, higher income does not guarantee higher demand. However, demand for milk may increase due to population growth, restrictions on other beverages, taxes on soft drinks, government subsidies, and health programs.
Effect of electrolytic zero-valent iron activated sodium hypochlorite on sludge dewatering performance
Authors: Guo Shaodong , Wu Yuhang , Wang Zhangyu , Yin Xi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Using electrolytic zero-valent iron-activated sodium hypochlorite (EZVI-NaClO) to pretreat sludge, the capillary suction time (CST) was utilized to evaluate sludge dewaterability. Ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), dissolved phosphorus, and total phosphorus in the supernatant were used to analyze sludge disintegration. This approach aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the pretreatment process and its impact on the sludge composition. The migration and transformation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), including dissolved EPS (S-EPS), loosely boundEPS, and tightly bound-EPS (TB-EPS), were analyzed by detecting protein and polysaccharide concentrations and three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy (3D-EEM). The sludge particle properties, including sludge viscosity and particle size, were also analyzed. The results suggested that the optimal pH value, NaClO dosage, current, and reaction time were 2, 100 mg/gDS (dry sludge), 0.2A, and 30 min, respectively, with a CST reduction of 43%. Protein and polysaccharide contents in TB-EPS were significantly reduced in the EZVI-NaClO group. Conversely, protein and polysaccharides contents in S-EPS increased, suggesting that EZVI-NaClO treatment could disrupt the EPS. Besides, the viscosity of the treated sludge decreased from 195.4 to 54.9 mPa·S, indicating that sludge fluidity became better. ZEVI-NaClO could enhance sludge dewaterability by destructing protein and polysaccharide structure and improving sludge hydrophobicity.
The Role of Herbal Medicine in Modulating Bone Homeostasis
Authors: Cheng Xinnan , Jin Shanshan , Feng Mingzhe , Miao Yunfeng , Dong Qi , He Baorong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Osteoporosis and other bone diseases are a major public health concern worldwide. Current
pharmaceutical treatments for bone disorders have limitations, driving interest in complementary
herbal medicines that can help maintain bone health. This review summarizes the scientific
evidence for medicinal herbs that modulate bone cell activity and improve bone mass, quality and
strength. Herbs with osteogenic, anti-osteoporotic, and anti-osteoclastic effects are discussed, including
compounds and mechanisms of action. Additionally, this review examines the challenges
and future directions for translational research on herbal medicines for osteoporosis and bone
health. While preliminary research indicates beneficial bone bioactivities for various herbs, rigorous
clinical trials are still needed to verify therapeutic efficacy and safety. Further studies should
also elucidate synergistic combinations, bioavailability of active phytochemicals, and precision approaches
to match optimal herbs with specific etiologies of bone disease. Advancing evidence-
based herbal medicines may provide novel alternatives for promoting bone homeostasis and
treating skeletal disorders.
Computational Model for the Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in 2-D Color
Fundus Retina Scan
Authors: Aggarwal Akshit , Jain Shruti , Jindal Himanshu 
Published: February 2024

Background::
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a growing problem in Asian countries. DR accounts for 5% to 7% of all blindness in the entire area. In India, the
record of DR-affected patients will reach around 79.4 million by 2030.

Aims::
The main objective of the investigation is to utilize 2-D colored fundus retina scans to determine if an individual possesses DR or not. In this
regard, Engineering-based techniques such as deep learning and neural networks play a methodical role in fighting against this fatal disease.

Methods::
In this research work, a Computational Model for detecting DR using Convolutional Neural Network (DRCNN) is proposed. This method contrasts
the fundus retina scans of the DR-afflicted eye with the usual human eyes. Using CNN and layers like Conv2D, Pooling, Dense, Flatten, and
Dropout, the model aids in comprehending the scan's curve and color-based features. For training and error reduction, the Visual Geometry Group
(VGG-16) model and Adaptive Moment Estimation Optimizer are utilized.

Results::
The variations in a dataset like 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% images are reserved for the training phase, and the rest images are reserved for the
testing phase. In the proposed model, the VGG-16 model comprises 138M parameters. The accuracy is achieved maximum rate of 90% when the
training dataset is reserved at 80%. The model was validated using other datasets.

Conclusion::
The suggested contribution to research determines conclusively whether the provided OCT scan utilizes an effective method for detecting DRaffected
individuals within just a few moments.
The Diagnostic Value of Ultrasound-guided Attenuation Parameter (UGAP) in
metabolic fatty liver disease
Authors: Wu Hailan , Zeng Yinyan , Chen Fangqun , Peng Juan , Chen Li 
Published: February 2024

Objectives::
To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) in metabolic fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and to explore the
correlation between the attenuation coefficient (AC) value of UGAP and commonly used clinical obesity indicators.

Methods::
A total of 121 subjects who had physical examinations from November 2021 to March 2022 were prospectively selected; the height, weight, and
waist circumference (WC) of all subjects were collected, and conventional ultrasound and UGAP examinations for all subjects

Results::
Under the standard of conventional ultrasound, among the 121 subjects, 53 had normal liver, 42 had mild fatty liver, 21 had moderate fatty liver,
and 5 had severe fatty liver. The mean AC value of 121 patients was 0.66 0.13 dB/cm/MHz. The best cut-off values for diagnosing mild,
moderate, and severe fatty liver were 0.65dB/cm/MHz, 0.72dB/cm/MHz, and 0.83dB/cm/MHz, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC)
values were 0.891, 0.929, and 0.914, respectively. When grouped by WC, there was a statistically significant difference in AC value between the
normal group and the obese group (t=-4.675, P<0.001). Overall WC and within group WC were moderately correlated with the AC value of UGAP
(P<0.001).

Conclusions::
UGAP has a good diagnostic value in the quantitative evaluation of liver steatosis in MAFLD, and the change of WC can reflect the occurrence of
liver steatosis to a certain extent.
Investigating Health and Well-Being Challenges Faced by an Aging Workforce in the Construction and Nursing Industries: Computational Linguistic Analysis of Twitter Data
Authors: Li Weicong , Tang Liyaning Maggie , Montayre Jed , Harris Celia B , West Sancia , Antoniou Mark 
Published: February 2024

Background
Construction and nursing are critical industries. Although both careers involve physically and mentally demanding work, the risks to workers during the COVID-19 pandemic are not well understood. Nurses (both younger and older) are more likely to experience the ill effects of burnout and stress than construction workers, likely due to accelerated work demands and increased pressure on nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we analyzed a large social media data set using advanced natural language processing techniques to explore indicators of the mental status of workers across both industries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
This social media analysis aims to fill a knowledge gap by comparing the tweets of younger and older construction workers and nurses to obtain insights into any potential risks to their mental health due to work health and safety issues.

Methods
We analyzed 1,505,638 tweets published on Twitter (subsequently rebranded as X) by younger and older (aged <45 vs >45 years) construction workers and nurses. The study period spanned 54 months, from January 2018 to June 2022, which equates to approximately 27 months before and 27 months after the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. The tweets were analyzed using big data analytics and computational linguistic analyses.

Results
Text analyses revealed that nurses made greater use of hashtags and keywords (both monograms and bigrams) associated with burnout, health issues, and mental health compared to construction workers. The COVID-19 pandemic had a pronounced effect on nurses’ tweets, and this was especially noticeable in younger nurses. Tweets about health and well-being contained more first-person singular pronouns and affect words, and health-related tweets contained more affect words. Sentiment analyses revealed that, overall, nurses had a higher proportion of positive sentiment in their tweets than construction workers. However, this changed markedly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since early 2020, sentiment switched, and negative sentiment dominated the tweets of nurses. No such crossover was observed in the tweets of construction workers.

Conclusions
The social media analysis revealed that younger nurses had language use patterns consistent with someone experiencing the ill effects of burnout and stress. Older construction workers had more negative sentiments than younger workers, who were more focused on communicating about social and recreational activities rather than work matters. More broadly, these findings demonstrate the utility of large data sets enabled by social media to understand the well-being of target populations, especially during times of rapid societal change.
Economía circular en el uso de la cáscara de huevo como bioresiduo
Authors: Polo Casiano Yosimar , Avila García Bibiana del Carmen , Reid García Yarly Cecilia , Avila Pérez Mario Luis 
Published: February 2024

The municipality of Luruaco is a town known as the capital of the arepa de huevo, in its development plan strategies are proposed to safeguard the oral tradition and gastronomic culture of 200 years, because there are 2500 arepas de huevo stalls that manufacture 150 arepas daily, being activity the movement of the economy of this population. This high production of arepas associated with the deficient collection of waste and the low interest of the luruaqueros in the reuse of the product leads to an important health problem, hence, this study is based on enabling the use of the eggshell as biowaste from the design of the unitary operations of the processing of the eggshell and its respective flowchart. as an alternative solution to the environmental problems that are suffered. It is based on the physicochemical and microbiological characterization of the eggshell, by means of analytical tests that indicate the amount of calcium carbonate, a mineral with many possibilities of use. The study is carried out with the Asociación de Productoras de Arepa de Huevo de Luruaco – ASOPRAL managing to enhance their technical capacities in the program of management of usable solid waste, in particular the treatment of eggshells so that they can be reused and generate the possibility of income, a form of treatment for the solid waste that afflicts them in terms of contamination and in general for the food industry that is associated with this input.
The Economic Consequences of Heightened Materiality Uncertainty: An Auditing Perspective
Authors: Huang Ying , Li Ningzhong , Zhang Jieying , Zhou Xiaolu 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Using a Supreme Court ruling that rejected the use of “bright-line” rules previously relied upon in evaluating materiality claims, this study examines how heightened materiality uncertainty impacts audit pricing. We expect the heightened uncertainty to make it more difficult for auditors and clients to assess materiality and to reach a consensus on materiality assessment, which increases audit effort and engagement risk, leading to higher audit fees. Consistent with this prediction, we find that after the ruling, audit fees increase significantly for treatment firms in the circuits using bright-line rules in the pre-ruling period, relative to control firms not affected by the ruling. This effect is stronger when auditors have lower quality or lower industry expertise, and when investors have more diverse opinions. We also find that for firms audited by low-expertise auditors, auditor turnover due to auditor-client disagreement on materiality-related issues increases significantly for treatment firms relative to control firms.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: K2; M41; M42.
Relevansi Implikatur Percakapan Bermuatan Nilai Pendidikan pada Vlog Jerome Polin sebagai Bahan Ajar Teks Anekdot di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Pratiwi Intan Surya , Kuntoro  
Published: February 2024

Komunikasi dengan bahasa menjadikan setiap orang dapat menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungannya. Tujuan spesifik dari penelitian ini adalah menemukan fungsi implikatur percakapan pada Vlog Jerome Polin di YouTube. penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis relevansi implikatur percakapan Vlog Jerome Polin di YouTube terhadap pembelajaran teks anekdot di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan dasar penelitian studi kasus. Subjek penelitiannya adalah dialog percakapan pada Vlog Jerome Polin. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah mencari dan mengumpulkan Vlog Jerome Polin, mentranskrip Vlog Jerome Polin yang sudah dikumpulkan, melakukan pendokumentasian tuturan pada Vlog Jerome Polin yang mengandung praanggapan, menganalisis data, membuat simpulan dari seluruh analisis. Hasil penelitian alih kode dan campur kode yang terjadi dalam video Youtube Jerome Polin akan dikaitkan dalam KD 3.6 menganalisis struktur dan kebahasaan teks anekdot dan 4.6 menciptakan kembali teks anekdot dengan memerhatikan struktur teks anekdot dan struktur kebahasaan teks anekdot. Handout ini dengan menambahkan pengertian, ciri-ciri, struktur dan kebahasaan teks anekdot yang dapat membantu dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Implikasi penelitian ini untuk menyelesaikan fungsi implikatur percakapan pada sebuah tayangan harus menganalisis tuturan terlebih dahulu dan menyelesaikannya.
Thoracoscopic resection of lung masses is associated with excellent survival to discharge and good long-term outcomes
Authors: Park Karen , Mayhew Philipp D. , Massari Federico , Singh Ameet , Swanton William Emmett , Fransson Boel , Balsa Ingrid M. , Steffey Michelle A. , Culp William T. N. , Giuffrida Michelle A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To report and evaluate risk factors for conversion and perioperative and long-term outcomes in dogs undergoing thoracoscopic lung lobectomy for resection of lung masses.

ANIMALS
61 client-owned dogs.

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study (June 11, 2008, to February 14, 2020) of data collected from medical records included signalment, results of diagnostic imaging, surgical technique, surgical and anesthesia time, mass location and size, hospitalization time, histopathologic findings, and long-term outcome. Follow-up was obtained from medical records and telephone contact with owners or referring veterinarians.

RESULTS
Histopathology results were available for 60 of 61 tumors. Fifty-seven (95%) were considered primary lung tumors, of which 46 (81%) were carcinomas. Clean surgical margins were achieved in 46 of 52 (88%) dogs. Conversion from thoracoscopy to thoracoscopic-assisted or open surgery occurred in 16 of 61 (26%) dogs. Larger tumor diameter (≥ 5 cm) and lymphadenopathy detected by preoperative CT scan were significantly associated with increased risk of conversion. There was no association between conversion and patient weight, body condition score, and tumor location. All 61 dogs survived to discharge, and 56 of 57 were alive 1 month postoperatively. Median overall survival time was 311 days (95% CI, 224 to 570 days). Tracheobronchial lymphadenopathy on preoperative CT scans was associated with shorter postoperative survival (P < .001). Patient age, tumor diameter, adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery, and incomplete margins were not associated with survival time.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Dogs had high survival to discharge and good long-term prognosis following thoracoscopic lung lobectomy. However, larger tumor size and tracheobronchial lymphadenopathy may increase the likelihood of conversion.