bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adipokines and adiposity among postmenopausal women of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ebong Imo A. , Michos Erin D. , Wilson Machelle , Appiah Duke , Schreiner Pamela J. , Racette Susan B. , Allison Matthew , Watson Karol , Bertoni Alain 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
We investigated whether the associations of serum adiponectin, leptin, and resistin with adiposity differ with menopausal age.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we included 751 postmenopausal women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) who reported their menopausal age (<45, 45-49, 50-54 and ≥55 y) and had anthropometrics, serum adipokines, and abdominal computed tomography measures of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT) obtained at MESA exam 2 or 3. Linear regression models were used for analysis.

Results
The mean ± SD age was 65.1 ± 9.0 years for all participants. The median (interquartile range) values for serum adiponectin, leptin and resistin, VAT, and SAT were 21.9 (14.8-31.7) ng/L, 24.3 (12.5-42.4) pg/L, 15.3 (11.8-19.5) pg/L, 183.9 (130.8-251.1) cm2, and 103.7 (65.6-151.5) cm2, respectively. The mean ± SD values for body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio were 28.3 ± 5.81 kg/m2, 96.6 ± 15.9 cm, and 0.91 ± 0.078, respectively. Adiponectin was inversely associated with all adiposity measures, with similar patterns across menopausal age categories. Leptin was positively associated with all adiposity measures, and the strength of associations varied across menopausal age categories for body mass index, waist circumference, and SAT (P
interaction ≤ 0.01 for all). The associations of resistin with adiposity measures were mostly nonsignificant except in the 45- to 49-year menopausal age category.

Conclusions
Menopausal age category had no influence on the association of serum adiponectin with adiposity. The association of serum leptin and resistin differed according to menopausal age category for generalized adiposity but was inconsistent for measures of abdominal adiposity.
Depression, Anxiety, Body Dissatisfaction, and Eating Disorders in Plastic Surgery Patients
Authors: Manzaneda Cipriani Raúl Martín , Coli Romero Maria Fernanda , Eyzaguirre Judith 
Published: January 2024

Background:
This study aimed to identify and describe indicators of depression, anxiety, body dissatisfaction, and risk of an eating disorder in patients who undergo plastic surgery.

Methods:
The sample was made up of 90 patients from a private clinic in Lima, Peru, with ages between 20 and 50 years. The participants were asked to answer the Aaron Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the Aaron Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Body Shape Questionnaire, and the Abbreviated and Modified Eating Attitudes Scale (EAT - 26M).

Results:
Through data analysis with the SPSS statistical program, it was found that 80% of patients who access plastic surgery are women, and the average age is 32.4 years. Likewise, of the total sample, no anxiety traits have been identified; however, 3.3% present traits of moderate depression, pathological body discomfort, and risk of an eating disorder.

Conclusion:
The presurgical psychological evaluation in plastic surgery patients is crucial because it allows for the identification of predisposing factors to mental health problems and proposes support if needed.
Targeting Src SH3 domain–mediated glycolysis of HSC suppresses transcriptome, myofibroblastic activation, and colorectal liver metastasis
Authors: Wang Yuanguo , Wang Xianghu , Bai Bing , Shaha Aurpita , He Xipu , He Yingzi , Ye Zhenqing , Shah Vijay H. , Kang Ningling 
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims:
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) induces HSC activation into metastasis-promoting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), but how the process is fueled remains incompletely understood. We studied metabolic reprogramming induced by TGFβ1 in HSCs.

Approaches and Results:
Activation of cultured primary human HSCs was assessed by the expression of myofibroblast markers. Glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) of murine HSC was disrupted by Cre recombinase/LoxP sequence derived from bacteriophage P1 recombination (Cre/LoxP). Plasma membrane (PM) Glut1 and glycolysis were studied by biotinylation assay and the Angilent Seahorse XFe96 Analyzer. S.c. HSC/tumor co-implantation and portal vein injection of MC38 colorectal cancer cells into HSC-specific Glut1 knockout mice were performed to determine in vivo relevance. Transcriptome was obtained by RNA sequencing of HSCs and spatialomics with MC38 liver metastases. TGFβ1-induced CAF activation of HSCs was accompanied by elevation of PM Glut1, glucose uptake, and glycolysis. Targeting Glut1 or Src by short hairpin RNA, pharmacologic inhibition, or a Src SH3 domain deletion mutant abrogated TGFβ1-stimulated PM accumulation of Glut1, glycolysis, and CAF activation. Mechanistically, binding of the Src SH3 domain to SH3 domain–binding protein 5 led to a Src/SH3 domain–binding protein 5/Rab11/Glut1 complex that activated Rab11-dependent Glut1 PM transport under TGFβ1 stimulation. Deleting the Src SH3 domain or targeting Glut1 of HSCs by short hairpin RNA or Cre recombinase/LoxP sequence derived from bacteriophage P1 recombination suppressed CAF activation in mice and MC38 colorectal liver metastasis. Multi-omics revealed that Glut1 deficiency in HSCs/CAFs suppressed HSC expression of tumor-promoting factors and altered MC38 transcriptome, contributing to reduced MC38 liver metastases.

Conclusion:
The Src SH3 domain–facilitated metabolic reprogramming induced by TGFβ1 represents a target to inhibit CAF activation and the pro-metastatic liver microenvironment.
Outcomes of Infectious Panuveitis Associated with Simultaneous Multi-Positive Ocular Fluid Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Chau Viet Q. , Hinkle John W. , Wu Chris Y. , Pakravan Parastou , Volante Vincent , Sengillo Jesse D. , Staropoli Patrick C. , Miller Darlene , Yannuzzi Nicolas A. , Albini Thomas A. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate features of infectious panuveitis associated with multiple pathogens detected by ocular fluid sampling.

Methods:
Single center, retrospective, consecutive case series of patients with aqueous/vitreous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing with > 1 positive result in a single sample from 2001-2021.

Results:
Of 1,588 PCR samples, 28 (1.76%) were positive for two pathogens. Most common pathogens were cytomegalovirus (CMV) (n=16, 57.1%) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (n=13, 46.4%), followed by varicella zoster virus (n=8, 28.6%), Toxoplasma gondii (n=6, 21.4%) herpes simplex virus-2 (n=6, 21.4%), herpes simplex virus-1 (n=6, 21.4%), and Toxocara (n=1, 3.6%). Mean initial and final visual acuity (VA) (logMAR) were 1.3 ± 0.9 (Snellen ∼ 20/400) and 1.3 ± 1.1 (Snellen ∼ 20/400), respectively. CMV-positive eyes (n=16, 61.5%) had a mean final VA of 0.94 ± 1.1 (Snellen∼20/175) whereas CMV-negative eyes (n=10, 38%) had a final VA of 1.82 ± 1.0 (Snellen ∼20/1320) (p<0.05). Main clinical features included intraocular inflammation (100%), retinal whitening (84.6%), immunosuppression (65.4%), retinal hemorrhage (38.5%), and retinal detachment (34.6%).

Conclusion:
CMV or EBV were common unique pathogens identified in multi-PCR positive samples. Most patients with co-infection were immunosuppressed with a high rate of retinal detachment and poor final VA. CMV-positive eyes had better visual outcomes compared to CMV-negative eyes.
Performance Assessment of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot in Clinical Vitreoretinal Scenarios
Authors: Maywood Michael J. , Parikh Ravi , Deobhakta Avnish , Begaj Tedi 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To determine how often ChatGPT is able to provide accurate and comprehensive information regarding clinical vitreoretinal scenarios. To assess the types of sources ChatGPT primarily utilizes and to determine if they are hallucinated.

Methods:
A retrospective cross-sectional study. We designed 40 open-ended clinical scenarios across 4 main topics in vitreoretinal disease. Responses were graded on correctness and comprehensiveness by two blinded retina specialists. The primary outcome was the number of clinical scenarios that ChatGPT answered correctly and comprehensively. Secondary outcomes included: theoretical harm to patients, the distribution of the type of references utilized by the chatbot, and the frequency of hallucinated references.

Results:
In June 2023, ChatGPT answered 83% (33/40) of clinical scenarios correctly but provided a comprehensive answer in only 52.5% (21/40) of cases. Subgroup analysis demonstrated an average correct score of 86.7% in nAMD, 100% in DR, 76.7% in retinal vascular disease and 70% in the surgical domain. There were 6 incorrect responses with 1 (16.7%) case of no harm, 3 (50%) cases of possible harm and 2 (33.3%) cases of definitive harm.

Conclusion:
ChatGPT correctly answered more than 80% of complex open-ended vitreoretinal clinical scenarios, with a reduced capability to provide a comprehensive response.
Incarcerated Men: Pain Experiences Shaped by Altered Independence and Loss of Autonomy
Authors: MacLennan Duncan Stewart , Mayan Maria , Kunyk Diane , Lasiuk Gerri 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Individuals experiencing pain while incarcerated depend on nurses, security structures, processes, and regulations for relief.

Purpose
The intent of this research was to understand men's experience of pain during incarceration to inform correctional nursing practice.

Method
Interpretive description, co-positioned with relational ethics, guided this study. Twelve incarcerated men participated in a single 1-hour interview that was audio-recorded and transcribed. The resultant text was analyzed for themes.

Findings
The two main themes were dependence on staff and institutional processes and dependence on oneself and others who were incarcerated. Participants reported a substantial loss in their ability to access pain-relieving medications, products, and services. Unresponsive or delayed pain-relieving interventions from nurses contributed to their sense of indignity, disrespect, and injustice. The participants employed whatever was available, mainly exercise equipment and social support, to manage their pain.

Discussion
Nurses must engage with incarcerated patients meaningfully to understand and respond to contextual factors that influence their pain experiences. Participants identified loss of autonomy and dependence on nurses as barriers to their pain relief.

Conclusion
Nurse engagement and responsiveness are crucial to altering incarcerated men's perceptions of injustice or helplessness while improving their pain experiences. Nurses must also foster autonomous pain-management approaches that men can use without limitations within correctional settings.
A Comparison of Physical Therapist Educational Outcomes Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Pucillo Evan M. , Crowder Jennifer , Andrea Catherine M. , Brim Sean , Pilgrim Leiselle , Belleza Norman 
Published: January 2024

Introduction.The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare educational outcomes of Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) graduates before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Review of Literature.Reports show increased stress, anxiety, and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have negatively affected academic performance. Historically, academic performance is predictive of National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) scores. Yet, there is little evidence analyzing student outcomes during the pandemic.Subjects.Doctor of Physical Therapy graduate records (N= 1,897) were retrospectively collected from a multicenter convenience sample consisting of 5 blended programs. Records were sampled from existing “prepandemic” graduates of Fall 2018–2019 (n= 988) and “pandemic” graduates of Fall 2021–2022 (n= 909).Methods.A causal comparative and correlational study design was used. Grade point average (GPA) and NPTE scores were collected. A general linear model examined differences between groups, and a multiple linear regression examined predictors of NPTE performance.Results.Grade point average was a significant predictor of NPTE score (r2= 0.56;P< .01) for the overall sample and for the prepandemic and pandemic cohorts (r2= 0.38,P< .01;r2= 0.45,P< .01, respectively). Grade point average was not significantly different between the groups (P= .09), nor did it significantly influence differences in NPTE scores (P= .13). Pandemic graduates displayed a significantly lower NPTE pass rate (85.1%) compared with prepandemic graduates (89.7%;P< .01). Pandemic graduates experienced higher rates of academic difficulty (20%;P< .01) and had a approximately 5 times higher likelihood of not passing the NPTE.Discussion and Conclusion.This is the first study to report on DPT graduate outcomes spanning the COVID-19 pandemic. Similar to previous studies, GPA remained the most significant predictor of NPTE scores. Pandemic graduates demonstrated significantly lower NPTE scores and higher rates of academic difficulty (GPA < 3.0). Continued monitoring of NPTE performance is warranted between prepandemic, pandemic, and postpandemic cohorts across modes of program delivery.
Surgical Treatment for Troublesome Mastoid Cavities: Canal Wall Reconstruction With Bony Obliteration Versus Subtotal Petrosectomy
Authors: Kemps Glen , Geven Leontien , Kunst Henricus , Mylanus Emmanuel , Mulder Jef , Lanting Cris , Pennings Ronald 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
A chronically discharging modified radical mastoid cavity may require surgical intervention. We aim to explore two techniques.

Objective
To compare outcomes of subtotal petrosectomy (STP) and canal wall reconstruction with bony obliteration technique (CWR-BOT).

Study Design
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting
A tertiary referral center.

Patients
All patients with a chronically discharging mastoid cavity surgically treated at the Radboud University Medical Center by STP or CWR-BOT in 2015 to 2020, excluding patients with preoperative cholesteatoma.

Main Outcome Measures
Dry ear rate, audiometry, and rehabilitation.

Secondary Outcome measures
Healing time, number of postoperative visits, complications, cholesteatoma, and need for revision surgeries.

Results
Thirty-four (58%) patients underwent STP, and 25 (42%) CWR-BOT. A dry ear was established in 100% of patients (STP) and 87% (CWR-BOT). The air–bone gap (ABG) increased by 12 dB in STP, and decreased by 11 dB in CWR-BOT. Postoperative ABG of CWR-BOT patients was better when preoperative computed tomography imaging showed aerated middle ear aeration. ABG improvement was higher when ossicular chain reconstruction took place. Mean follow-up time was 32.5 months (STP) versus 40.5 months (CWR-BOT). Healing time was 1.2 months (STP) versus 4.1 months (CWR-BOT). The number of postoperative visits was 2.5 (STP) versus 5 (CWR-BOT). Cholesteatoma was found in 15% (STP) versus 4% (CWR-BOT) of patients. Complication rate was 18% (STP) and 24% (CWR-BOT) with a need for revision in 21% (STP) and 8% (CWR-BOT), including revisions for cholesteatoma.

Conclusion
STP and CWR-BOT are excellent treatment options for obtaining a dry ear in patients with a chronically discharging mastoid cavity. This article outlines essential contributing factors in counseling patients when opting for one or the other. Magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging follow-up should be conducted at 3 and 5 years postoperatively.
Prevalence and assessment of risk factors of chronic kidney disease in the ASIR region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshahrani Mona , Almalki Laila Zawan , Hasoosah Noura Abdullah , Alahmari Alhanouf Hussein , Alqahtani Alya Musfer , Alqahtani Amjad Ali , AL Muarfaj Afrah Mohammed , Al Ghaseb Lamia Saeed , Alkahtani Faten Saad , Alsharif Raghd Yahya 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health concern in Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of CKD and associated risk factors in Saudi Arabia’s general population are not efficiently studied. The goal of this research is to determine the prevalence rate of CKD in the ASIR region and its associated epidemiological risk factors.

Methodology:
This is a cross-sectional study that used a comprehensive direct questionnaire to collect data on CKD prevalence and risk factors in the ASIR region of Saudi Arabia. The study was carried out in different age groups. Demographic characteristics, presence of CKD, and associated factors such as a history of acute kidney disease, obstructive sleep apnoea, family history, history of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), smoking status, comorbidities, and history of periodontal diseases were asked. The survey tool was validated through a pilot study, and a statistical p value of 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
A total of 967 participants were included in the study, with a CKD prevalence rate of 1.9%. Sex, history of acute kidney disease, obstructive sleep apnoea, family history of kidney disease, smoking, diabetes, peptic ulcer disease, hypertension and hyperlipidemia were commonly found to be associated with CKD. A binary logistic regression model was carried out to assess the risk factors for CKD. Sex, history of acute kidney disease, family history of kidney disease, obstructive sleep apnoea, smoking status, peptic ulcer, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes, two or more comorbidities and NSAID use had an increased risk of CKD.

Conclusion:
Sex, history of acute kidney disease, obstructive sleep apnoea, family history, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, peptic ulcer, hyperlipidemia, multi-comorbidity, and use of NSAIDs are all associated with an increased risk of CKD. The prevalence of CKD in this study is comparatively lower when compared to other regions in Saudi Arabia.
The Association of Federal Medicaid Abortion Funding Restrictions With Adverse Obstetric Outcomes Among United States Medicaid Recipients
Authors: Rodriguez Maria I. , Meath Thomas H. A. , Daly Ashley , Watson Kelsey , McConnell K. John 
Published: January 2024

(Abstracted from Contraception 2023;126:110116)
Obstetric care in the United States is predominantly paid for by Medicaid, which covers nearly half of all births. An essential component of comprehensive obstetric care is legal, safe abortion, and restricted access to such procedures is related to increased maternal mortality and morbidity.
Penetrance of Pathogenic Genetic Variants Associated With Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Shekari Saleh , Stankovic Stasa , Gardner Eugene J. , Hawkes Gareth , Kentistou Katherine A. , Beaumont Robin N. , Mörseburg Alexander , Wood Andrew R. , Prague Julia K. , Mishra Gita D. , Day Felix R. , Baptista Julia , Wright Caroline F. , Weedon Michael N. , Hoffmann Eva R. , Ruth Katherine S. , Ong Ken K. , Perry John R. B. , Murray Anna 
Published: January 2024

(Abstracted from Nat Med 2023;29:1692–1699)
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), defined as the loss of ovarian activity and permanent cessation of menstruation occurring before age 40 years, affects 1% of women and is a leading cause of infertility. Up to 90% of POI cases are idiopathic, with up to 30% of those having some familial association, suggesting a genetic basis.
Connected Community Classification (C3): Development, Validation, and Geospatial Application for Population Health Promotion and Equity
Authors: Skiba Meghan B. , Lind Kimberly E. , Felion Carlie M. , Krupnik Christopher , Segrin Chris 
Published: January 2024

Context:
Social determinants of health (SDOH) impact population health. Leveraging community-level strengths related to SDOH through a social infrastructure perspective can optimize health behaviors and health outcomes to promote health equity.

Objective:
Our aims were to develop, validate, and apply the Connected Community Classification (C3) as comprehensive community-level measure of protective SDOH and structural factors in the Four Corners states region of the United States.

Design:
C3 was developed using an iterative principal component analysis of publicly available data mapped to 5 SDOH domains. Regional clustering of C3 by zip code tabulation area (ZCTA) was identified using spatial autocorrelation methods.

Main Outcomes:
In adjusted spatial autoregressive models, we analyzed the association of C3 with high-risk health behaviors and chronic disease prevalence using publicly available data for population-level estimates of fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, obesity, smoking, alcohol use, coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes, and cancer.

Results:
C3 was found to be reliable and valid; a C3 value of 10 indicates communities with greater connection (high), while a value of 1 indicates communities with greater separation (low) to social infrastructure. Lower connection, as measured by C3, was significantly inversely associated with lower fruit and vegetable intake, lower physical activity, and higher rates of obesity, smoking, CHD, diabetes, and cancer. C3 was significantly positively associated with heavy alcohol use.

Conclusions:
These findings demonstrate that communities connected to social infrastructure have better population health outcomes. C3 captures protective community attributes and can be used in future applications to assist health researchers, practitioners, nonprofits, and policymakers to advance social connection and health equity in geographically diverse underserved regions.
Advancing Data Science Among the Federal Public Health Workforce: The Data Science Upskilling Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Authors: Bertulfo Mary Catherine P. , Kirkcaldy Robert D. , Franzke Laura H. , Papagari Sangareddy Sridhar R. , Reza Faisal 
Published: January 2024

Context:
Data can guide decision-making to improve the health of communities, but potential for use can only be realized if public health professionals have data science skills. However, not enough public health professionals possess the quantitative data skills to meet growing data science needs, including at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Program:
The Data Science Upskilling (DSU) program increases data science literacy among staff and fellows working and training at CDC. The DSU program was established in 2019 as a team-based, project-driven, on-the-job applied upskilling program. Learners, within interdisciplinary teams, use curated learning resources to advance their CDC projects. The program has rapidly expanded from upskilling 13 teams of 31 learners during 2019-2020 to upskilling 36 teams of 143 learners during 2022-2023.

Evaluation:
All 2022-2023 cohort respondents to the end-of-project survey reported the program increased their data science knowledge. In addition, 90% agreed DSU improved their data science skills, 93% agreed it improved their confidence making data science decisions, and 96% agreed it improved their ability to perform data science work that benefits CDC.

Discussion:
DSU is an innovative, inclusive, and successful approach to improving data science literacy at CDC. DSU may serve as an upskilling model for other organizations.