bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into callus induction by GWAS and development of SNP marker for donor plants selection in oil palm tissue culture
Authors: Htwe Yin Min , Shi Peng , Zhang Dapeng , Li Zhiying , Yu Qun , Wang Yong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Efficient callus induction is vital for successful tissue culture of oil palm, yet identifying genomic loci and markers for early identification of specific individuals with high potential of callus induction is still unclear. In this study, callus induction rate at 1-, 2-, and 3-months after inoculation (C1, C2 and C3) of 198 oil palm individuals were investigated as phenotypes, and totally 11,475,258 high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were generated by resequencing as genotypes. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed accordingly using these phenotypes and genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed a positive association of C1 with both C2 (R = 0.81) and C3 (R = 0.50). Therefore, only SNPs in C1 were identified to develop markers for screening individuals capable of callus induction at early stage. A total of 21 significant SNPs were observed in C1, in which six of them on chromosome 12 (Chr12) potentially linked to callus induction were further revealed by the linkage disequilibrium (LD) block analysis. Totally 13 SNP markers from these six loci were tested accordingly and only the marker C-12 at locus Chr12_12704856 effectively distinguishing the GG allele, which showed the highest probability (69%) of callus induction. Moreover, the method for rapid SNP variant detection without electrophoresis was established via qPCR analysis. Notably, individuals S30 and S46, carrying the GG allele, consistently showed high callus induction rates (> 50%) from C1 to C3. Our findings facilitated marker-assisted selection for specific individuals with high potential of callus induction, thereby providing valuable assistance for donor plants selection in oil palm tissue culture.
Balancing pH and Yield: Exploring Itaconic Acid Production in Ustilago cynodontis from an Economic Perspective
Authors: Ernst Philipp , Saur Katharina Maria , Kiefel Robert , Niehoff Paul-Joachim , Weskott Ronja , Büchs Jochen , Jupke Andreas , Wierckx Nick 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Itaconic acid is a promising bio-based building block for the synthesis of polymers, plastics, fibers and other materials. In recent years, Ustilago cynodontis has emerged as an additional itaconate producing non-conventional yeast, mainly due to its high acid tolerance, which significantly reduces saline waste coproduction during fermentation and downstream processing. As a result, this could likely improve the economic viability of the itaconic acid production process with Ustilaginaceae.
Results: In this study, we characterized a previously engineered itaconate hyper-producing Ustilago cynodontis strain in controlled fed-batch fermentations to determine the minimal and optimal pH for itaconate production. Under optimal fermentation conditions, the hyper-producing strain can achieve the theoretical maximal itaconate yield during the production phase in a low-density fermentation at pH 3.6, but at the expense of considerable base addition. Base consumption is strongly reduced at the pH of 2.8, but at cost of production yield, titer, and rate. A techno-economic analysis based on the entire process demonstrated that savings due to an additional decrease in pH control reagents and saline waste costs cannot compensate the yield loss observed at the highly acidic pH value 2.8.
Conclusions: Overall, this work provides novel data regarding the individual strain properties and production capabilities, contributing to a better understanding of the itaconic acid production process with Ustilago cynodontis, especially from an economic perspective.
Research and application of adaptive anti-interference based VU-fuzzy-PID algorithm in temperature control system of platic extruder
Authors: Meng Jin-Tao , Sun Wen , Ruan Mi-Xue , Wang Chan , Liu Huai-xia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Plastic profiles, as the basic material for social and economic development, are mainly processed and moulded by plastic extruders. In the production process of plastic profiles, the temperature precision control of plastic extruder directly affects the plasticising and mixing effect of raw mate-rials. Therefore, the development of high-precision, fast response and stable plastic extruder tem-perature control system plays a key role in the development of plastic profile industry. In order to solve the shortcomings of the plastic extruder such as low temperature precision, slow response speed and poor anti-interference ability, the author has established a plastic extruder temperature control system model based on the study of PID control strategies and fuzzy PID control strategies, combined with the structural and functional characteristics of plastic extruder. Adopting a variable universe fuzzy PID control strategy to improve the performance of the plastic extruder temperature control system. The core idea of this strategy is to introduce proportional factors to change the range of the fuzzy domain. Under the condition that the fuzzy rules remain unchanged, the fuzzy domain compresses as the error decreases and expands as the error increases. Changing the domain is equivalent to adding fuzzy control rules within the same domain, thereby completing the dynamic adjustment of PID controller parameters. Through MATLAB simulation analysis and comparison, it was found that this control strategy has the advantages of short rise time, no overshoot, and strong anti-interference compared to PID control and fuzzy PID control strategies. Finally, through ex-perimental verification, it was found that this control strategy significantly changes the temperature control effect of nonlinear time-varying extruders, and has good adaptability and stability.
Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on root Colonization and genetic variations of teff genotypes in Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremeskel kidu , Birhane Emiru , Haile Mitiku , Habtu Solomon , Chanyalew Solomon , Tadele Zerihun , Assefa Kbebew , Tsehaye Yemane 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Teff is a prominent cereal crop grown in various parts of Ethiopia, exhibiting considerable genetic diversity for the most essential above-ground morphological traits. It forms a symbiotic relationship with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to adapt to resource-limited conditions in dryland areas. Currently, AMF is becoming an essential bio-inoculant in agronomic and plant breeding programs. In a greenhouse experiment using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with ninety selected teff genotypes, we assessed the genetic variability and level of dependency of teff on AMF based on twelve morphological traits.
Results
All traits were significantly (P < 0.05) different among the genotypes. The genotypes were divided into six distinct clusters. The maximum and minimum inter-cluster distances were observed between Clusters IV and VI (327.85) and Clusters I and IV (71.76), respectively. High genetic divergence was observed among the tested teff genotypes evaluated between AMF inoculated genotypes. Wider genetic distance (inter-cluster) between the genotypes of clusters IV and VI, III and VI, and I and VI were important to do crossing between genotypes of these three clusters. Clusters III, VI, and I were superior for multiple crossings. Teff genotypes with higher root colonization percentage (RCP) of 54.42 to 72.29% were significantly correlated with root dry matter, root length, shoot biomass yield, and grain yield compared to low RCP (25.03 to 34.32%).
Conclusion
Group genotypes having higher genetic variability when colonized with AMF showed wider dependency of teff genotypes on AMF with implications for plant breeding.
Semiclassical Behaviour of Quasiparticle Excitations in Electron Gas
Authors: Akbari-Moghanjoughi Massoud 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In current research we investigate macroscopic collective quantum effects in interacting electron gas with arbitrary degree of degeneracy due to electrostatic field-density coupling. It is found that in the one dimensional excitation model deterministic quantum charge transport can take place due to the electrostatic field coupling of the interacting electron correlations with number density variations of the electron gas. A new expression for probability current is found to be valid for collective excitations in interacting electron gas. It is also revealed that the phase-space evolution of modified Wigner distribution function for linear quasiparticle excitations resembles that of the classical free particle. In other words, semiclassical linear evolution of collective excitations in interacting quantum electron gas is quite analogous to dynamics of classical system of particles in the absence of external forces, where the interparticle electrostatic forces play the analogous role of internal classical forces. It is shown that the electrostatic field of electrons when coupled to collective electron wavefunction can also lead to directly measurable macroscopic phenomena. It is remarked that the interacting system of electrons simultaneously exhibits microscopic and macroscopic effects that are linked through the dual lengthscale behavior of collective quantum electron excitations.
Determination of Oxidative Stress Responses Caused by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle on Gammarus Pulex
Authors: AYDIN Ayşe Nur , SERDAR Osman , Cimen Işıl Canan Cİcek 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) are inevitably released into the environment and penetrate into the aquatic environment during production, transportation, use and disposal processes. In this study, which aims to investigate the effect of ZnO mixed into the aquatic environment, Gammarus pulex, a good indicator species, was chosen as a model organism. To carry out the study, G.pulex individuals were exposed to 0 (control), 10, 20 and 40 ppm concentrations for 24 and 96 hours and elimination periods. Samples were taken at 24 and 96 hours and elimination periods and kept at -86 °C until oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarker parameter analyzes were performed. Model organisms were taken from the experimental environment after 96 hours and kept in the water provided from the living areas for 24 hours, elimination groups were created and changes in oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarker parameters were determined. Among the biomarker parameters, SOD, catalase (CAT) activities and glutathione (GSH) and Thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) levels were measured. Measurements were carried out with CAYMAN brand ELISA kits.
Considering the study data, it was determined that ZnO-NP caused fluctuations in SOD activities, but there was no change in CAT activity, compared to the control. While there were decreases in GSH levels, it was observed that there were increases in TBARS levels.
Long-term outcomes of intercalary allograft reconstruction for primary malignant bone tumors in lower extremities
Authors: Li Zhuoyu , Liu Weifeng , Deng Zhiping , Yang Yongkun , Hao Lin , Zhang Qing , Niu Xiaohui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term clinical outcomes of intercalary allograft reconstruction for primary malignant bone tumors in lower extremities. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 29 patients (16 males, 13females) who underwent intercalary allograft reconstruction for primary malignant bone tumors in lower extremities between September 2007 and December 2012. The average age were 23.4 ± 15.1 years (range, 9–64) and the most common pathological type was osteosarcoma (17) followed by Ewing’s sarcoma (4), adamantinoma (4), chondrosaroma in 2, angiosarcoma of bone in 1 and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in 1. The tumor locations were in the femur in 13 and the tibius in 16. All complications and allograft failures occuered were recorded in this study. The oncological outcomes included local control, metastasis, progression-free survival and overall survival. The functional outcomes were evaluated by Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS-93). Results 29 patients was included in this retrosepective study and there were no patients lost in the follow-up period. The mean follow-up time was 149.8 ± 42.1 months (43–194). Three patients (10.3%) deceased in the last follow-up due to distant metastasis. The average diaphyseal bone resection length was 172.7 ± 29.2 mm (range, 130 to 240mm). The average allograft survival time was 134.4 ± 53.7 months (range, 6 to 194 months). The mean union time was 16.3 (6–29) months and overall survivorship of the allograft was 82.7% (24/29) at an average 12.5 years follow-up. The average MSTS-93 score was 86% (range, 70–100%). Ninteen patients (66.5%) had at least one complication in the follow-up time. The common unoncological complications were bone non-union (8), fracture (3), infection (2) and leg length discrepancy (LLD, 2). Conclusions The intercalary allograft reconstruction is a reliable technique to resolve the massive bone defects after primary diaphyseal bone tumor resection in lower extremities with acceptable long-term function and satisfaction. Level of evidence: level IV Therapeutic.
Rheological and tribological properties of ZrP intercalation compounds as lubricating grease thickener
Authors: Wu Yiling , Hou Zhiguo , Zhao Xinrui , Dong Jinxiang , Xu Hong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Here, we study layered zirconium phosphate intercalated with octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (STAB-ZrP) as a thickener by thickening five types of base oils. The layered structure and morphology of STAB-ZrP after thickening were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thickening ability and fluidity behavior of STAB-ZrP gel were evaluated using rheological measurements. The tribological properties of STAB-ZrP gel were investigated using a reciprocating tribometer under temperatures of 25°C and − 15°C. The rheological results showed that STAB-ZrP gel had grease-like characteristics. Naphthenic and alkyl naphthalene as the base oil can lead to the higher thickening ability. Naphthenic oil maintained the most colloidal stability at 25°C and − 15°C. STAB-ZrP gel exhibited superior anti-wear and friction reduction, owing to the formation of a solid protective film on the contact interface. This research established the relationship of STAB-ZrP with base oils in terms of their performance. STAB-ZrP acts as both a thickener and a solid additive in the STAB-ZrP gel system. This study can serve a beneficial trial for future preparations of lubricating grease.
sugar cane bagasse as a fuel for industrial boilers in high relative humidity region: cas of cameroon
Authors: Donfack Pierre Kana , Nsiewe Maxwell Tientcheu , TcheukamToko Denis , Kapseu César 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The previous works on the operating condition of the Cameroonian sugar cane factory show that, during the rainy season, fuel moisture increases and influence the steam quality and quantity production. This is because during this season, the precipitation is high and a lot of mud usually adheres to the harvested cane and consequently increases the inert ratio of bagasse as fuel. Many attempts have been made to estimate calorific value of biomass in general and bagasse in particular with basic analysis data of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and chemical analysis. Data and bagasse samples were collected at the Cameroonian sugar cane factory. The effects of various parameters like cane variety, age of harvesting, source, moisture content, and sucrose on the calorific value of Cameroon bagasse have been tested. From results, it was shown that the joint action of the relative humidity rate on ash influences the Net Calorific Value (NCV). The most suitable NCV model depends on the variation of the extrinsic parameters like humidity, ash, and sugar content in the Cameroonian sugar cane bagasse. Assume, model from proximate analysis could predict more the heating value of bagasse.Then, the literature selected models from proximate analysis could be used to predict the calorific value of Cameroonian sugar cane bagasse with an average absolute error of 5.0 %.
Development of Physical Training Program to Boost Functional Strength in Firefighter Recruits Using a Modified Nominal Group Technique
Authors: Ismail Rosnah , Samah Asnarulkhadi Abu , Abidin Noor Dalila Inchie Zainal , Mohammad Nor Hisham , Osman Abdul Khair , Ghani Ismail Abdul , Asbar Ashrul Riezal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
A series of comprehensive focus group discussions among firefighters aroused interest in discovering the physical training programme that best improves the functional strength of firefighter trainees.
Method
A series of modified nominal group technique (mNGT) sessions were conducted to identify and rank exercises for five functional strengths (i.e., pushing, pulling, lifting, carrying, and dragging). Six subject matter experts from the firefighter academy were recruited to 1) identify the skeletal muscles involved in the functional movements using a visual aid; 2) generate ideas via brainstorming for exercises; 3) rank each exercise; and 4) modify the exercises for beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels.
Results
Males dominated the expert group (66.7%) and had an average of 11.50 ± 5.20 years of experience in physical training. The mNGTs yielded three top-ranking exercises for each functional strength: 1) Pushing: the push-up, sit-up, and jumping jack; 2) pulling: the push-up, jumping jack, and sit-up; 3) lifting: the jumping jack, push-up, and jumping squat; 4) carrying: the push-up, plank, and sit-up; and 5) dragging: the jumping jack, sit-up, and jumping squat. Then each exercise was designed for the beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels by manipulating loads.
Discussion
This study demonstrated that mNGT is an effective tool for identifying the three top-ranking exercises that address firefighter recruits’ functional strength. The experts chose multi-joint exercises targeting agonist and antagonist skeletal muscle groups and mimicking movements of daily work life. The exercises provide opportunities for common skeletal muscle groupings to be targeted simultaneously to increase cardiovascular adaptations over a shorter period, corroborated by previous empirical evidence.
Conclusion
A comprehensive physical training programme is now ready to be implemented for use among firefighter recruits
Assessing the Efficiency and Microbial Diversity of H2S-removing Biotrickling Filters at Various pH Conditions
Authors: Rouhollahi Abbas Abbas , Giyahchi Minoo , Dastgheib Seyed Mohammad Mehdi , Moghimi Hamid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Reduced sulfur compounds such as H2S are extremely toxic and highly corrosive, produced in many industrial activities. The biological desulfurization process has been established to be a technically and economically effective alternative to traditional physicochemical processes. This study aimed to investigate the operation of three parallel biotrickling filters (BTFs) in removing H2S at different pH conditions (haloalkaliphilic, neutrophilic, and acidophilic) and their associated microbial population in the biodesulfurization process. BTF columns were inoculated with enriched inoculum and experiments were performed by gradually reducing Empty Bed Retention Time (EBRT) and increasing inlet concentration (Ci). The maximum Removal Efficiency (RE) and Maximum Elimination Capacity (EC) in EBRT 60s for haloalkaline, neutral and acidic conditions were, 91% and 179.5 g S-H2S m-3 h-1, 85.7%, and 141 g S-H2S m-3 h-1, 88% and 145 g S-H2S m-3 h-1 respectively. For visualizing the attached microbial biofilms on pall rings, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used and microbial community structure analysis by NGS showed that the most abundant phyla in haBTF, nBTF, and aBTF belong to gammaproteobacteria, betaproteobacteria, and acidithiobacillia, respectively. The alpha analysis according to the Shannon and Simpson indexes showed a lower diversity of bacteria in the aBTF reactor than that of nBTF and haBTF and beta analysis indicated a different composition of bacteria in haBTF compared to the other two filters. These results indicated that the proper performance of BTF under haloalkaliphilic (natron) conditions is the most effective way for H2S removal from air pollutants of different industries.
Finite-time Prescribed Performance Tracking Control for Unmanned Helicopter System Using Neural Network
Authors: Li Yang , Ting Yang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In this paper, a composite finite-time prescribed performance tracking control scheme is presented for an unmanned helicopter (UH) system subject to performance constraints, model uncertainties and external perturbations. A new finite-time neural network disturbance observer (FTNNDO) with adaptive laws is designed to deal with the external disturbances and model uncertainties, which not only realizes the fast convergence rate in finite time, but also eliminates the complicated differential calculation in the traditional backstepping technique. Using the continuous adaptive law, the neural network (NN) approximate errors can be effectively estimated and compensated online without chattering and gain overestimation caused by traditional methods, thus further enhancing the robustness of the system. To constrain the tracking performance of the transient process and steady-state accuracy, a novel prescribed performance function is designed to preset the tracking errors within prescribed boundaries. Based on the FTNNDO and barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), an improved finite-time tracking controller is designed to achieve fast convergence with prescribed performance. By using Lyapunov synthesis, it is strictly proved that the finite-time convergence of the closed-loop control system can be achieved and tracking errors are always within the prescribed performance bounds. In the end, simulation results for UH tracking control system are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of developed control scheme.
Multimodal image translation algorithm based on Singular Squeeze-and-Excitation Network
Authors: Tu Hangyao , Wang Zheng , Wang Shuoping , Zhao Yanwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Image-to-image translation methods have evolved from only considering image-level information to pixel-level and instance-level information. However, with the feature-level constraint, when channel attention (SEnet) extracts content features, its scaling degree does not add effective constraints. To address this difficulty, the multimodal image translation algorithm based on Singular Squeeze-and-Excitation Network (MUNSSE) is proposed by combining deep learning methods and traditional mechanism methods. This method used the mean idea of SVD features to help SEnet ease the degree of scaling. Specifically, SEnet used SVD to extract features to improve the Excitation operation, which helps the network to obtain new channel attention weights and form the attention feature maps.Then the the image content features are completed by convolutional features maps and attention feature maps. Finally, the content features and style features extracted by the style network are combined to obtain the new style images. Through ablation experiments, we found that the SVD parameter is 128, and the image translated by the network is optimal. According to the FID image diversity index, MUNSSE is superior to the method proposed at this stage for the diversity of generated images.