bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual‐band multilayer ceramic microwave bandpass filter for applications in wireless communication
Authors: Huang Cheng‐Liang , Pan Chung‐Lone 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA dielectric multilayer dual‐band filter is realized by using a stepped‐impedance resonator (SIR). The input/output ports of the filter are formed with transmission lines directly tapped to the resonators. The admittance matrix for the equivalent circuit of the filter has been derived and transformed to the scattering matrix to initially determine the required spec. Losses and other EM effects are taken into account to further modify the actual dimension of the designed filter. The designed structures are simulated using an IE3D simulator. The response of the fabricated filter is measured using an HP8757D network analyzer. Sample results of the filter performances demonstrate responses, in good agreement with the computer simulations. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 327–329, 2002.
A single‐feed TM21‐mode circular patch antenna with circular polarization
Authors: Du Biao , Yung Edward Kai‐Ning 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA single‐feed TM21‐mode circular patch antenna with circular polarization (CP) is proposed and investigated. The operating condition for CP in the antenna is theoretically determined and experimentally validated. An impedance bandwidth of 10% (SWR ≤ 2) and an axial ratio bandwidth of >2% (≤3 dB) have been obtained. The radiation patterns are stable over the operating band. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 154–156, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10262
AM–PM conversion introduced by MESFET and HBT
Authors: Jardón‐Aguilar H. , Aguilar‐Torrentera J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe AM–PM conversion introduced by microwave transistors was researched using the approach of the AM–PM conversion as a phase statement of compression and desensitization. As proven in this article, the presented approach permits developing high linear amplifiers optimizing their AM–PM conversion instead of optimizing the intermodulation distortion, as it is usually accomplished. The effect of frequencies and amplitudes of input signals, load resistance, and bias condition on the AM–PM conversion introduced by MESFET and HBT amplifiers are reported. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 319–321, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10307
A compact Ku‐band monopulse horn
Authors: Zhang H. Z. , Granet C. , Sprey M. A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe design, manufacture, and testing of a compact Ku‐band monopulse horn is described, with an emphasis on an effort to maximize the return loss of the sum, azimuth, and elevation channels. The results show that the multimode monopulse horn has the required radiation patterns and acceptable return loss for its narrowband operation requirement. The bandwidth is found to be limited by the difficulty of matching the three channels simultaneously. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 9–13, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10357
Experimental comparison of DSF‐ and SOA‐based optical phase conjugator performance in ASE‐limited microwave optical links
Authors: Ramos Francisco , Marti Javier 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOptical phase conjugators (OPCs) based on either a dispersion‐shifted fiber (DSF) or a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) have been experimentally compared in terms of electrical carrier‐to‐noise ratios and conversion losses in microwave optical links. The experimental results show that the SOA‐based OPC enables using more efficient electrical modulation formats than the DSF‐based OPC due to less influence of the ASE noise. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 31–33, 2001.
Experimental investigation of a sampled grating with a chirp in the sampling period
Authors: Chen Xiang‐Fei , Li Xu‐Hui , Xia Li , Xie Shi‐Zhong , Fan Chong‐Cheng , Wang Jian‐Ping 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this letter, a sampled Bragg grating (SBG) with a chirp in the sampling period (CSP) is fabricated and experimentally investigated for the first time. Its spectrum response shows that the effective chirp in the grating period (CGP) varies among stopbands, which is consistent with the previous theoretical predictions. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 128–130, 2001.
Wideband and noncontact characterization of the complex permittivity of liquids
Authors: Jose K. A. , Varadan V. K. , Varadan V. V. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe noncontact evaluation and characterization of liquids, especially chemically active reagents, is a problem for many industries, and currently there is no method available to characterize such liquid samples. In this paper, we present the results of the noncontact measurement and characterization of liquids and powders using a free‐space system. It is already established that the characterization of solids and nonuniform samples is possible using the spot‐focused free‐space measurement system from 5 to 110 GHz. Since the measured 3 dB spot size of the focused beam is 4.37 cm×3.2 cm at 9.1 GHz, only small samples are required, and the inaccuracies in free‐space measurement due to diffraction were minimized for samples of three times the spot size. The far‐field focusing ability of the horn‐lens antennas is helpful in designing a simple and noncontact wideband measurement system for the characterization of liquids. This noncontact method has the advantage of characterizing samples in high‐ and low‐temperature environments, which should find wide applications in industry forin situmaterial characterization. This method is readily applicable to monitoring the curing of polymers and gels, as well as thick‐film coating characterization in the wet state. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 75–79, 2001.
Two integrated stacked shorted patch antennas for DCS/WLAN dual‐band operations
Authors: Wu Jian‐Yi , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA new design of two stacked shorted patch antennas integrated on the same microwave substrate for DCS and WLAN dual‐band operations is presented. The two antennas together occupy a small area of 19×28.5 mm2, and the heights for the DCS and WLAN antennas are 10 and 5.2 mm, respectively. Details of the measured antenna performances are presented. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 134–136, 2001.
A model for crosstalk prediction in PCB layout
Authors: Fung L. C. , Leung S. W. , Wan Lixi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA new model based on dyadic Green's functions for the fast and efficient prediction of crosstalk between traces in PCBs is presented here. The model is simple to set up, is capable of dealing with PCBs that have many traces, and gives accurate results. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 142–144, 2001.
Analysis of similar behaviors of planar and linear arrays
Authors: Li Jian‐Ying , Li Le‐Wei , Ooi Ban‐Leong , Kooi Pang‐Shyan , Leong Mook‐Seng 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper, the method of moments is employed to analyze both planar and linear finite phased arrays of radiating slots fed by rectangular waveguides. The equivalent magnetic currents and active patterns due to these elements of phased arrays are discussed in detail. The relationship between linear and planar arrays is analyzed, and some similar behaviors are realized. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 196–199, 2001.
Accurate modeling of shorted microstrip patch antennas using the locally conformal FDTD method
Authors: Cui Jun‐Hai , Zhong Shun‐Shi , Yu Chun 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn accurate analysis of shorted microstrip patch antennas is presented based on the use of the locally conformal finite‐difference time‐domain (CFDTD) method. This approach enables the positions and dimensions of the probe and the shorting pin to be chosen independently. The calculated result is compared with the measured result, and good agreement is observed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 216–218, 2001.
A wideband subharmonically injection‐locked frequency synthesizer for LMDS
Authors: Xue Quan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA low‐cost wideband subharmonically injection‐locked frequency synthesizer for local multipoint distribution system (LMDS) down‐converter applications is introduced in this letter. This synthesizer consists of a 2.0 GHz PLL synthesizer, and is a general‐purpose bipolar transistor VCO at 5.8 GHz. The 5.8 GHz VCO is not only subharmonically injection locked by a 2.0 GHz PLL synthesizer, but also, the varactor diode's voltage is adaptively controlled by the 2.0 GHz PLL controlling voltage via a suitable converter at the same time. In this way, real‐time wideband locking can be attained. When third subharmonically injection locked, the output power of the synthesizer is more than 7.5 dBm, with a bandwidth of more than 25%. At 5.8 GHz, the power is 8.5 dBm, and the phase noise is −93 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 100 kHz. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 310–312, 2001.
CAD of cylindrical dielectric resonator filters by a 3‐D finite‐element segmentation method
Authors: García Jesús , Rubio Jesús , Montejo‐Garai Jose Ramón , Zapata Juan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA procedure for dielectric‐loaded filter design on a step‐by‐step basis is presented. A full‐wave 3‐D finite‐element segmentation method is used. The structure is segmented into blocks whose generalized scattering matrix is computed, using analytical solutions when possible. The filter is linked and tuned in a full analytical procedure. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 71–75, 2001.
A hybrid GMT–PO method for calculating the NDC of the irregular edge of a semi‐infinite circular cylinder
Authors: Bao Xiu Long , Zhang Wen Xun 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper, the GMT–PO hybrid method accompanied by the iterative technique is applied successfully to calculate 3‐D numerical diffraction coefficients (3‐D NDC) of the irregular circular‐cylinder edge. The computed RCS of the circular cylinder with 3‐D NDC of the irregular edge is in good agreement with the measured data from the reference. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 108–110, 2001.
Synthesis and multinuclear magnetic resonance investigation of some 1,3‐selenazole and 1,3‐selenazoline derivatives
Authors: Duddeck Helmut , Bradenahl Ralf , Stefaniak Lech , Jazwinski Jaroslaw , Kamienski Bohdan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe 1H, 13C, 15N and 77Se NMR data of various annelated 1,3‐selenazoles and ‐1,3‐selenazolines are discussed in terms of tautomerism, configurational and conformational preference as well as HOMO–LUMO transition energies. The interpretations are corroborated by semi‐empirical calculations. Divergencies in solution‐ and solid‐state 77Se NMR data are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison by restriction fragment differential display RT&hyphen;PCR of gene expression pattern in bovine oocytes matured in the presence or absence of fetal calf serum
Authors: Rzucidlo S. Jacek , Gibbons John , Stice Steven L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA novel restriction fragment differential display &lpar;RFDD&rpar; RT&hyphen;PCR has been used to compare patterns of mRNA expression in bovine oocytes matured in vitro in the presence &lpar;10&percnt;&rpar; or absence of fetal calf serum &lpar;FCS&rpar;. Total RNA extracted from matured and denuded oocytes was processed using display Profile kit &lpar;Display System Biotech&rpar;. RFDD RT&hyphen;PCR products were separated on 6&percnt; polyacrylamide gel and analyzed using a Storm 860 scanner. Selected bands representing potentially differentially expressed fragments were excised from the gel and re&hyphen;amplified. Re&hyphen;amplified fragments with size matched to the original fragment were cloned into the TA vector and sequenced. Initially, 10 and 15 differentially expressed fragments were isolated from oocytes matured in the presence and absence of FCS, respectively. Eight out of 10 and 10 out of 15 fragments were re&hyphen;amplified successfully as evidenced bysize similarity to the original fragments. Finally, the size of six inserts sequenced from each group matched the size of corresponding original as well as re&hyphen;amplified fragments. Sequence comparison search revealed similarity of some isolated fragments to 18s ribosomal RNA, bovine apolipoprotein A&hyphen;I, bovine mitochondrion DNA, human CGI&hyphen;79 mRNA, human Ab1&hyphen;interactor protein, and bovine satellite DNA. The other sequenced fragments may represent novel genes. We showed that RFDD RT&hyphen;PCR can be effectively applied to contrast gene expression pattern in bovine oocytes and that presence or absence of FCS during maturation interval affects gene expression pattern in matured bovine oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 59:90&ndash;96, 2001. &copy; 2001 Wiley&hyphen;Liss, Inc.
Protamine 1: Protamine 2 stoichiometry in the sperm of eutherian mammals*
Authors: Corzett Michele , Mazrimas Joe , Balhorn Rod 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have compared the relative proportion of protamine 1 (P1) and protamine 2 (P2) bound to DNA in the sperm of a variety of eutherian mammals to obtain insight into how these two proteins interact in sperm chromatin. Gel electrophoresis (combined with microdensitometry) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to determine the content of the two protamines, and the identity of each protein was confirmed by amino‐terminal sequencing or amino acid analysis. The sperm of all species examined contained P1, but P2 was found to be present only in certain species. Unlike the fixed ratio of core histones that package DNA into nucleosomes in all somatic cells, the proportion of P2 present in mature sperm was found to be continuously variable from 0 to nearly 80%. These results show that P1 and P2 do not interact with each other or DNA to form a discrete complex or subunit structure that is dependent upon particular P1/P2 stoichiometries. Data obtained from a number of closely and distantly related species also indicate that while the P2 content of sperm chromatin is allowed to vary over a wide range during the course of evolution, the relative proportion of P1 and P2 are tightly regulated within a genus. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61:519–527, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In silico mining of EST databases for novel pre‐implantation embryo‐specific zinc finger protein genes*
Authors: Choo Kong‐Bung , Chen Huang‐Hui , Cheng Winston T.K. , Chang Hung‐Shue , Wang Manni 
Published: August 2002

AbstractProgress in the understanding of early mammalian embryo development has been severely hampered by scarcity of study materials. To circumvent such a constraint, we have developed a strategy that involves a combination of in silico mining of new genes from expressed sequence tags (EST) databases and rapid determination of expression profiles of the dbEST‐derived genes using a PCR‐based assay and a panel of cDNA libraries derived from different developmental stages and somatic tissues. We demonstrate that in a random sample of 49 independent dbEST‐derived zinc finger protein genes mined from a mouse embryonic 2‐cell cDNA library, more than three‐quarters of these genes are novel. Examination of characteristics of the human orthologues derived from these mouse genes reveals that many of them are associated with human malignancies. Expression studies have further led to the identification of three novel genes that are exclusively expressed in mouse embryos before or up to the 8‐cell stage. Two of the genes, designated 2czf45 and 2czf48 (2czf for 2‐cell zinc finger), are zinc finger protein genes coding for a RBCC protein with a RFP domain and a protein with three C2H2 fingers, respectively. The third gene, designated 2cpoz56, codes for a protein with a POZ domain that is often associated with zinc finger proteins. These three genes are candidate genes for regulatory or other functions in early embryogenesis. The strategy described in this report should generally be applicable to rapid and large‐scale mining of other classes of rare genes involved in other biological and pathological processes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 59:249–255, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of oocyte collection technique on initial chromatin configuration, meiotic competence, and male pronucleus formation after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of equine oocytes*
Authors: Dell'Aquila Maria Elena , Masterson Mary , Maritato Filippo , Hinrichs Katrin 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThere is a great variability in the success of horse oocyte maturation and fertilization among laboratories. This study was conducted to determine if the meiotic and developmental competence of horse oocytes could be dependent on the method of oocyte collection, i.e., aspiration of follicular fluid with a vacuum apparatus, or opening follicles and scraping the granulosa layer. Horse oocytes were recovered from abattoir ovaries by aspiration or scraping and classified as having compact (Cp), expanded (Ex), or partial (P) cumuli. In Experiment 1 (Part A in May and Part B in October), oocytes were fixed immediately after collection to assess whether the collection method influenced the initial chromatin configuration of oocytes. In Experiment 2, in vitro maturation rates of oocytes recovered by aspiration or scraping were compared. In Experiment 3, oocytes were matured in vitro and submitted to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Initial chromatin configuration differed according to collection method in that there was a significantly higher prevalence of diffuse chromatin within the germinal vesicle in oocytes recovered by scraping than in oocytes recovered by aspiration (29/87, 33% and 28/166, 17%, respectively;P < 0.01). Maturation of oocytes to metaphase II did not significantly differ between scraped and aspirated oocytes (56/101, 55.4 % vs. 65/106, 61.4%, respectively). The overall pronucleus formation rate after ICSI of oocytes recovered by scraping was not significantly different than that of oocytes recovered by aspiration (50/99, 52.6% vs. 50/85, 68.5 %, respectively); however, the rate of abnormal fertilization was significantly higher for oocytes collected by aspiration (14/73, 19% vs. 6/94, 6%, respectively;P <0.05). These results demonstrate that the collection method affects the population of recovered oocytes and may contribute to differences in results observed among laboratories working with horse oocytes.Mol. Reprod. Dev.60: 79–88, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of two activation treatments and age of blastomere karyoplasts on in vitro development of bovine nuclear transfer embryos
Authors: Booth P.J. , Holm P. , Vajta G. , Greve T. , Callesen H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe yield and quality of (a) parthenogenetic blastocysts produced by two activation treatments (cycloheximide [CHX] or 6‐dimethylaminopurine [DMAP]) and (b) nuclear transfer blastocysts generated using these two activation treatments and three different ages of karyoplast derived from day 3, 4, or 5 in vitro produced donor embryos, were examined in order to define an optimal nuclear transfer protocol. The two activation protocols comprised calcium ionophore followed by either CHX or DMAP. Parthenogenetic blastocyst yields were greater (P < 0.001) following activation with DMAP than CHX (59.7 ± 5.1 vs. 31.4 ± 4.5 [mean ± SEM]). In contrast, nuclear transfer blastocyst rates per fused embryo were lower (P < 0.0001) using cytoplasts activated with DMAP. The individual rates using day 3, 4, and 5 donors and using CHX and DMAP activation treatments were 31.9 ± 5.0, 31.7 ± 6.2, 20.4 ± 7.3 and 27.8 ± 4.7, 20.1 ± 7.5, 12.7 ± 8.3, respectively. Blastocyst rate per fused embryo was negatively correlated (P = 0.0091) with the total number of blastomeres per donor embryo. Despite this inverse relationship, the calculated potential blastocyst yield per donor embryo was positively correlated (P < 0.0048) to karyoplast age. The individual potential yields on days 3, 4, and 5 and for the two activation protocols (CHX and DMAP) were 4.7 ± 0.8, 7.2 ± 1.2, 10.1 ± 2.1 and 3.8 ± 0.8, 5.5 ± 2.1, 7.3 ± 4.1, respectively. One possible explanation for the observed inverse relationship is that differentiation events during early cleavage are able to reduce the ability of the cytoplast to reprogram the transferred karyoplast and hence reduce blastocyst yields. The mechanism that mediates the differential effect of the CHX and DMAP on blastocysts yields between parthenogenetic and nuclear transfer embryos remains to be elucidated. In conclusion, the results indicate that although activation of oocytes with DMAP can produce a higher percentage of blastocysts, CHX activation is superior for use in nuclear transfer. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 60:377‐383, © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Generation of cloned goats (Capra hircus) from transfected foetal fibroblast cells, the effect of donor cell cycle*
Authors: Zou Xiangang , Wang Yuge , Cheng Yong , Yang Yuefei , Ju Huiming , Tang Huilin , Shen Yu , Mu Zongyao , Xu Shaofu , Du Miao 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe neomycin‐resistant gene (neor) is probably the most commonly used selectable marker gene in gene targeting and gene transfection research. In this study, the neor gene construct was introduced into in vitro cultured goat foetal fibroblast cells (IV‐5), and the cells were selected with 900 μg/ml G418. The G418‐resistant colonies were analysed by neo‐specific PCR, karyotyping and anti‐intermediate filament proteins antibody (anti‐vimentin) staining. Cell cycle analysis of the neor positive foetal fibroblast cell colony (IV‐5.1) cultured in a variety of cell cycle‐arresting medium indicated that 74.2% of cells cultured in serum‐deprived medium for 3 days and 71.7% of cells grown to confluence were at G0/G1 stage of cell cycle, respectively, in comparison to 61.6% of cells in normal culture (cycling) medium. Nocodazole treatment for 17 hr in vitro culture could increase the number of cells at G2/M stage of cell cycle from 20.3% (in cycling medium) to 39.7%. In total, one early pregnancy was observed by B ultra‐sound scanning in a surrogate transferred with cloned embryos from IV‐5.1 cells at M stage (cells were cultured in nocodazole medium). Seven cloned goats, including two that miscarried at a late stage, were derived from the IV‐5.1 cell clone cultured in starved medium (G0). Indeed, one surrogate receiving three blastocysts reconstituted from the starved donor cells, gave birth to three live cloned goats, all of which are healthy and doing well. PCR, Southern blot and G418 resistance in vitro of fibroblast cells from cloned goats confirmed that all cloned goats are positive for neor transgene. This study demonstrates that a foreign gene, such as the neo‐resistant gene, can be introduced into goat foetal fibroblast cells, and that the resulting transgenic cells are capable of being cloned to produce 100% transgenic animals. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61: 164–172, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.