bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cricothyrotomy - In Unanticipated Difficult Intubation Cases with Respiratory Compromise
Authors: Sathiyabama S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction Cricothyrotomy, percutaneous dilation tracheostomy, and tracheostomy are all cost-effective and safe techniques used in the management of critically ill patients who need an artificial airway other than endotracheal tube ventilation. The present study focused on enlightening on elective and emergency procedures performed on conditions present with difficult airways and also attempts to shed light on the aspects of securing an airway in anticipated and unanticipated difficult intubation.
Objective The objective of the study was to compare the three procedures conducted during difficult airway/failed intubation situations.
Methods The present retrospective observational study was conducted collecting data from patient files obtained at a tertiary healthcare center from 2013 to 2018. The difficult intubation cases were managed by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgeons. The study compared three methods: Cricothyrotomy, percutaneous dilation tracheostomy, and tracheostomy based on factors such as procedure duration, complications, and the instruments required for each procedure.
Results The study enrolled 85 patients, 61 males and 24 females, aged between 30 and 70 years old. To perform cricothyrotomy, only a simple blade was required. Cricothyrotomy had the shortest operating time (4.1±3.1 minutes) and the shortest time of full oxygen saturation (3 min). Percutaneous tracheostomy had the least amount of bleeding (1%). Cricothyrotomy significantly showed the least intraoperative bleeding than percutaneous dilation, tracheostomy, and tracheostomy (p = 0.001).
Conclusion Cricothyrotomy is preferable as it takes less time to perform, causes less bleeding, and takes the least time for full oxygen saturation than tracheostomy and percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in “can't intubate, can't oxygenate” patients.
Can education influence the public’s vulnerability to county lines?
Authors: Hayman Chloe-Marie , Stubbings Daniel Robert , Davies Joseph Lloyd , Payne Libby 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper explored the novel use of an educational tool to assess its influence on County Lines victimisation. Participants (n = 122) were randomly assigned to receive either County Lines education or no County Lines education and then, rate their likelihood to engage in five hypothetical scenarios typical of County Lines victimisation verses a text scam. County Lines education did not significantly reduce participant willingness to engage in the scenarios, whilst most participants were not susceptible to a text scam. Demographic data, drug use, social isolation, poor mental health, and financial instability were weak predictors of engagement. Findings suggest that the public may be vulnerable to victimisation and that future research should continue to explore the role that education can have in reducing the likelihood of engaging in County Lines activity.
The power of Internet: from the perspective of women’s bargaining power
Authors: Li Zhongwu , Lu Fengzhi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the exploration of factors influencing women’s empowerment, prior research has offered limited insights into the impact of technology, specifically the Internet. This study pioneers the incorporation of the Internet into the framework of women’s empowerment, investigating its causal effect on women’s bargaining power within households. Bargaining power is defined here as women’s capacity to shape crucial decisions pertaining to significant family matters such as investments and property acquisitions. Utilizing data from the Third National Survey on Chinese Women’s Social Status and the 2014 China Family Panel Studies, this paper reveals that Internet usage significantly enhances women’s bargaining power. Notably, this positive effect persists even after addressing endogeneity concerns through instrumental variable methodology. The study further uncovers that the empowering influence of Internet use is particularly pronounced in rural areas. Gender beliefs, employment status, and income level emerge as pivotal mediating factors through which Internet usage influences women’s bargaining power. The findings highlight the crucial role of digital technology in women’s empowerment, underscoring the importance of policies aimed at expanding women’s Internet access to enhance their bargaining power within households.
28 THz soliton frequency comb in a continuous-wave pumped fiber Fabry–Pérot resonator
Authors: Bunel T. , Conforti M. , Ziani Z. , Lumeau J. , Moreau A. , Fernandez A. , Llopis O. , Bourcier G. , Mussot A. 
Published: January 2024

We report the generation of an optical frequency comb featuring a 28 THz bandwidth, sustained by a single 80 fs cavity soliton recirculating in a fiber Fabry–Pérot resonator. This large spectrum is comparable to frequency combs obtained with microresonators operating in the anomalous dispersion regime. Thanks to the compact design and the easy coupling of the resonator, cavity solitons can be generated in an all-fiber experimental setup with a continuous wave pumping scheme. We also observe the generation of a dispersive wave at higher frequencies, which is supported by higher-order dispersion. These observations align remarkably well with both numerical simulations and the established theory of cavity solitons.
Magnetic critical behavior of van der Waals Fe3GaTe2 with above-room-temperature ferromagnetism
Authors: Algaidi Hanin , Zhang Chenhui , Ma Yinchang , Liu Chen , Chen Aitian , Zheng Dongxing , Zhang Xixiang 
Published: January 2024

Fe3GaTe2 is a promising van der Waals material for future spintronic applications because of its intrinsic above-room-temperature ferromagnetism. Herein, high quality Fe3GaTe2 single crystals were successfully grown by the chemical vapor transport method. Its magnetic critical behavior in the vicinity of paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition region was systematically investigated. The critical exponents β = 0.350(1) and γ = 1.385(5) were obtained by using the Kouvel–Fisher method, and δ = 4.92(1) was obtained by a critical isotherm analysis at critical temperature TC = 358 K, which is consistent with the Widom scaling relation δ = 1 + γ/β. The critical exponents determined using different methods are self-consistent and obey the scaling equations predicted by the scaling theory. The renormalization group theory analysis based on the extracted critical exponents further reveals that the magnetic interaction in Fe3GaTe2 is of the 3D Heisenberg type with long-range magnetic coupling.
Sexual pleasure and HIV-related worry in female sex workers on oral pre-exposure prophylaxis in south-western Uganda
Authors: Nakiganda Lydia Jacenta , Bavinton Benjamin R. , Poynten Isobel Mary , Serwadda David , Bazaale Jeremiah Mulamba , Grulich Andrew E. 
Published: January 2024

Background Female sex workers (FSWs) contribute disproportionately to HIV transmission in Uganda, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV among cisgender women. Psychological factors are important for PrEP uptake, but few studies have examined psychosocial changes due to PrEP use in Uganda. Methods In 2021, we recruited 524 FSWs in three Trans-African Highway towns and four fishing communities in south-western Uganda. We conducted structured interviews among women who were attending routine PrEP follow-up visits in six health units. Bivariable and multivariable modified regression using a robust covariance matrix estimator were used to identify factors associated with experiencing increased sexual pleasure and less worry about HIV because of PrEP. Results Overall, 80.9% participants reported that sex was more pleasurable because of taking PrEP. There were statistical trends for sex being more pleasurable when taking PrEP or when having condomless sex with casual paying partners (aPR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.07–1.32, P = 0.001). Almost three-quarters of the participants (76.3%) were less worried about getting HIV because of PrEP. Condomless sex with casual paying partners (aPR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.05–1.31, P = 0.032, P = 0.003) and being On PrEP for the past 1–2 years (aPR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.00–1.38, P = 0.032) was significantly associated with HIV-related worry (aPR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.05–1.31, P = 0.032, P = 0.003) Conclusions We found a positive impact of PrEP in Ugandan FSWs on two key psychosocial dimensions: (1) more pleasurable sex; and (2) less worry about acquiring HIV. Interventions aiming to increase PrEP uptake may find it useful to focus on psychosocial dimensions.
Study on Creep Anisotropy at 760°C of a Single Crystal Superalloy
Authors: Xuezheng Dou , Jinxia Song , Dinggang Wang , Xinguang Guan , Chengbo Xiao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the creep properties of a second generation single crystal superalloy DD412 with [001], [011] and [111] orientation at 760°C were studied. The experimental results show that the creep properties of DD412 alloy with different orientations have significant anisotropy under the stress of 580MPa-620MPa at 760°C. The [001] and [111] oriented alloys have remarkably better creep performance than [011] oriented alloy. And the creep performance of [111] oriented alloy is superior to that of [001] oriented alloy under the condition of 760°C/620MPa, while the tendency is inverse under the condition of 760°C/580MPa. The dislocation configurations of the alloy with different orientations during creep process are significantly different, resulting in creep anisotropy. For [001] and [111] oriented alloy, there are large number of dislocations in the γ channel that intersect and form local high-density dislocation aggregation, which has a strong blocking effect on the movement of dislocations. For [011] oriented alloy, the <110>{111} dislocations intersect each other to form <112>{111} partial dislocations and stacking faults, cutting into the γ′ phase, which lead to rapid growth of creep deformation and the poor creep performance of [011] oriented alloy.
Effect of micro-grain casting process on the microstructure and high cycle fatigue properties of K492M alloy at 700 °C
Authors: Hu P P , Wang Y , Li W D , He J S , Wang X T , Xiao C B 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A nickel base polycrystalline superalloy K492M was used as the material in the present study. The samples of K492M alloy were prepared by conventional casting process, fine-grain casting process and micro-grain casting process, respectively, to study the effects of micro-grain casting process on the microstructure and high cycle fatigue property of K492M alloy at 700 °C. The experimental results show that micro-grain casting process can significantly refine grains, reduce solidification segregation and increase γ′ volume fraction. The micro-grain casting K492M sample exhibited a significantly higher high cycle fatigue life at 700 °C, which was improved by 412% and 269% from that of conventional and fine-grain casting samples, respectively. Analysis for fracture sample indicated that fatigue cracks initiated from the persistent slip bands on the surface or subsurface of the sample. In addition, the cracked carbides accelerated the crack propagation and fatigue fracture. The refined grains and carbides by micro-grain casting process significantly slowed down the propagation of fatigue cracks, and thereby improves the fatigue life.
Analysis of Hua Power Plant Beckles Stress Simulation Analysis
Authors: Sun Hebin , Zhao Chaoyou 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The thermal pipeline is important to play an important role in the operation of thermal power plant equipment, and the safe and stable operation of the body and accessories is very important. The elbow, as an indispensable part of the thermal pipeline, directly affects the safety of the unit. On the basis of the GB/T 16507-2013 “Water Pipe Boiler” standard, this article uses the simulation simulation software to analyze the stress of 90 ° elbow under different bending radius. Distribution status. The calculation results show that: under the same wall thickness, the maximum stress is concentrated in the inner arc. As the curved radius R increases, the maximum stress of the inner arc gradually decreases. At the same time Instead, it gradually increased. Under different wall thickness, the maximum stress occurs at the outer arc.
Model-based investigation and optimization of electrolyte filling using laser structured electrodes
Authors: Biebl M , Nasser H , Hoster H 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The wetting of battery electrodes with electrolyte is a time- and cost-intensive process step. One of the biggest problems is the time it takes for the liquid electrolyte to be absorbed into the porous electrode. To reduce this wetting time, laser structured electrodes can be used. The resulting grooves facilitate deeper penetration of the electrolyte during the wetting process, leading to faster wetting. Multiphysics simulations and measurement data will be used to optimize the wetting process and to investigate the influence of the structuring geometry on the wetting time. In addition to modelling the structured electrode, achieving a suitable meshing is crucial. Moreover, the physical behavior of the wetting process will be represented by selecting appropriate and realistic boundary conditions. Capillary effects and fluid flow in porous media will be considered to describe the wetting process. The computer model will be validated using measurement data. In this paper it is shown that the wetting time can be significantly reduced by using structured electrodes. It is also shown that the wetting time is further reduced for smaller distances between the grooves. The software COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS will be used to create the model.
Preparation and performance evaluation of hydrogen-producing catalysts for diesel reforming
Authors: Yuan B , Sun Z , Zhou Y X , Zhao M W , Wang A , Peng Y T 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ru/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by standard impregnation method. The catalytic reforming performance of Ru/Al2O3 and commercial high nickel/low nickel catalysts on commercial No.0 diesel oil was studied. The regeneration method of carbon-deposited catalyst was also discussed. The results show that commercial low nickel catalyst has poor catalytic activity and stability for diesel, and increasing the water-carbon ratio can slightly improve the conversion rate of diesel. Increasing the reforming reaction temperature and adding methanol additives can effectively improve the catalytic activity of commercial high nickel catalysts. Ru/Al2O3 is a potential catalyst for diesel reforming, reducing the reforming reaction temperature can effectively prevent the catalyst from high temperature hydrolysis deactivation. Hydrogen peroxide has a good regeneration effect on Ru/Al2O3 catalyst.
Dynamic simulation analysis of working equipment of small backhoe hydraulic excavator
Authors: Tan Yaojia , Chen Xiusheng , Shi Feifan , Wang Jindi , Cao Mengxuan , Liu Qing , Wang Chonglei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To further improve the performance of a company’s excavator, reduce the production cost, and simplify the complex process of dynamic modeling, a 13-ton small backhoe hydraulic excavator working device was taken as the research object, and a virtual prototype was established by using Pro/E and ADAMS software. The excavation resistance was calculated and the STEP function was defined, the dynamic simulation analysis was carried out during the working process of the excavator, and the stress change curve of the hinge point was obtained, which reduced the calculation amount, and provided a reference for the finite element analysis and optimization design of the working device of the excavator.
Ice sensitivity analysis of different airfoils
Authors: Huo Zimo , Kong Manzhao , Deng Yiju 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
When an aircraft passes through clouds containing supercooled water droplets, it condenses into ice on the surface of the wing. Wing icing will reduce the flight envelope of the aircraft as a whole, limit the flight range and speed, and threaten flight safety. The range and intensity of icing are not only determined by meteorological conditions but also closely related to the types of airfoils. In order to study the influence of airfoils on icing, GAW-2 high lift airfoil, NLF (1)-0215F natural laminar airfoil and SC (2)-0714 supercritical airfoil are selected as the representatives of the three mainstream airfoils. The Numerical simulation method is used to analyze the influence of icing parameters on the three airfoils, summarize the icing rules and analyze the differences.
Modeling and simulation of arc dynamic behavior in Tri-Arc twin wire GMAW
Authors: Ren Guochun , Zhong Pu , Li Liangyu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The triple-arc (Tri-Arc) twin wire gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is an innovative approach to twin-wire welding. It establishes two arcs between the welding wires and the workpiece and introduces a third arc, called the “M arc” between the two wires. To theoretically analyze how various welding parameters affect this process, an equivalent circuit method is employed to establish a dynamic mathematical model for Tri-Arc twin wire gas metal arc welding. The welding process is characterized and simulated using MATLAB simulations to analyze variations in current signals and the wire stick-out. The results indicate that the main arc burns in a dynamic equilibrium state with periodic fluctuations, the current gradually decreases over time, and the arc is elongated. These simulation outcomes closely mirror real welding processes.
Effects of cutter modification on the meshing characteristics of intersected beveloid gear and involute cylindrical gear
Authors: Cao Yaofeng , Ni Gaoxiang , Fang Zifan , Liu Zhanqi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The parabolic cutter is introduced into the design of intersected beveloid gear and involute cylindrical gear pair, and the numerical model of the normal section tooth profile of the parabolic cutter is established. Based on the hobbing theory, the equation of the beveloid gear face of tooth machining with a modification cutter is derived. The mesh characteristics analysis model of gear pair is established, and the impacts of modification coefficients on meshing characteristics that contact pattern, transmission error, meshing stiffness, contact force, and tooth root stress are studied.
Quick trim modeling for tiltrotor aircraft in conversion mode
Authors: Zhang Xincui , Yang Youxu , Chen Shengjiu , Sun Lubin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The conversion mode in tiltrotor aircraft is of paramount importance and complexity, necessitating the trim results to ensure stable tilting using the trim model. Quick trim modeling is conducted for tiltrotor aircraft in conversion mode, focusing on the aerodynamics of the rotor using modified lift line theory. Furthermore, we develop the nonlinear flight dynamics of tilt-rotor aircraft. Based on this aircraft model, a double-layer cycle iterations method is employed to establish an efficient and rapid trim model for the tiltrotor in conversion mode at any tilt angle or during any aerial maneuver. Using Boeing Model 222 as an example, trim results for conversion mode are calculated and compared with reference data to validate the effectiveness and precision of our model.
Structure design and verification of spaceborne ka-band channel synthesis multiplexer components
Authors: Cao Jian , Peng Xin , Hu Shunping , Sun Hongyang , Lin Lin , Liu Jiangtao , Bai Yun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A method for the structural design of a Ka channel synthesis multiplexer is proposed in accordance with the footprint area, weight, natural frequency, and mechanical environment adaptability requirements of the space-borne equipment. This design utilizes key U-type folded design methods, in which two Ka channel synthesis multiplexers are cross-folded onto an integrated structural frame to reduce the equipment layout area to 33.6% of the original plane layout. Mechanical analysis and ground tests are utilized to verify the correctness and rationality of the Ka channel synthesis multiplexer structure design. This structural design concept for the Ka channel synthesis multiplexer provides a reference for the structural design of similar spaceborne equipment.
The influence of pre-strain levels on the microstructure and performance of aircraft 7b04 aluminum alloy skin
Authors: Du Jianning , Wang Lin , Li Jie , Cui Li , Jiang Xiuyu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The study focuses on the 7B04 alloy sheet. It investigates the effects of different pre-strain levels on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and fatigue behavior of the alloy through the use of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and DIC (Digital Image Correlation) system. The experimental results demonstrate that the yield strength and tensile strength of the alloy increase with the increase in pre-strain levels. At the same time, the elongation decreases with the increase in tensile deformation. In the non-uniform region, the plastic deformation capacity index of the material (denoted as ψ) follows the order ψ (non-uniform region (DIC value)) > ψ (original gauge length value) > ψ (uniform region (DIC value)). It is recommended to control the maximum local strain below ψ (uniform region (DIC value)) during production to avoid deformation instability or concentration. Furthermore, the thickness of the material decreases linearly with increasing tensile deformation, with each 4% increase in tensile deformation resulting in a 1.2% reduction in thickness. The fatigue life of the alloy increases gradually with the increase in pre-strain levels in the direction perpendicular to the fiber. At the same time, it decreases in the direction parallel to the fiber. Different deformation levels and loading directions exhibit similar fatigue fracture characteristics. Within the range of 12% pre-strain levels, the microstructure of the material remains continuous and intact without noticeable cracks at grain boundaries or phase boundaries. At the macroscopic level, when the pre-strain level exceeds 6%, distinct slip bands appear on the sheet, which is correlated with the micro-scale grain slip. This is accompanied by deformation bands and micro-cracks in the microstructure. The findings of this study are of significant importance for understanding the influence of pre-strain levels on the mechanical properties and fatigue behavior of the 7B04 alloy. The study provides valuable references for engineering practices in related fields, thereby ensuring the integrity and usability of manufactured components.
Temperature control method and verification for spaceborne atomic clock based on phase change technology
Authors: Yang Changpeng , Ren Hongyan , Song Yunfei , Xu Feng , Yang Huning 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The spaceborne atomic clock, as the time reference for navigation signal generation and system ranging, is the core component of the satellite system payload, and temperature stability is one of the main factors affecting the output frequency stability of the atomic clock. To ensure its continuous and stable operation in orbit, the temperature control system needs to provide a good working temperature environment for it. This article takes the high stability temperature control of the rubidium atomic clock in low-Earth inclined orbit as the research background, and conducts research on temperature control methods and phase change devices based on phase change technology. Simulation analysis and in-orbit telemetry data show that, by utilizing the temperature stability characteristic during the phase change process, the phase change temperature control system effectively suppresses the temperature fluctuations of the rubidium atomic clock caused by drastic changes in the space thermal environment.