bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of anatomical parameters of anterior transpedicular root screw intervertebral fusion system of cervical spine
Authors: Ye Sen-qi , Zhao Liu-jun , Hou Zhi-peng , Zhang Ji-hui , Yu Liang , Gu Yong-jie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to investigate the feasibility of the anterior transpedicular root screw (ATPRS) intervertebral fusion system for the cervical spine and provide a basis for the design of the ATPRS intervertebral fusion system.

Methods
A total of 60 healthy adult cervical spine CT images examined from our hospital were selected, including 30 males and 30 females, with an average age of 39.6 ± 4.8 years. The image data was imported into Mimics 21.0 software in DICOM format for 3D model reconstruction. Simulated screw insertion was performed on both sides of the midline of the intervertebral space. The entry point (P1) was determined when the upper and lower screw paths did not overlap. When the screw was tangent to the medial edge of the Luschka joint, the insertion point was determined as the entry point (P2). Measurements were taken and recorded for the following parameters: distance from the screw entry point to the midline of the intervertebral space (DPM), the simulated screw length, inclination angle, cranial/caudal tilted angle, the anterior–posterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) diameters of the cervical intervertebral space, the heights of the anterior, middle, and posterior edges of the cervical intervertebral space, and the curvature diameter of the lower end plate of the cervical vertebral body. Statistical analysis was performed on the measurement results.

Results
The screw entry area (P1P2) showed an increasing trend from C3-C7 in both male (2.92–6.08 mm) and female (2.32–5.12 mm) groups. There were statistical differences between men and women at the same level (P < 0.05). The average screw length of men and women was greater than 20 mm, and the upper and lower screw lengths showed an increasing trend from C3 to C7. In the area where screws could be inserted, the range of screw inclination was as follows: male group upper screw (47.73–66.76°), lower screw (48.05–65.35°); female group upper screw (49.15–65.66°) and lower screw (49.42–63.29°); The range of cranial/caudal tilted angle of the screw was as follows: male group upper screw (32.06–39.56°), lower screw (29.12–36.95°); female group upper screw (30.97–38.92°) and lower screw (27.29–37.20°). The anterior–posterior diameter and mediolateral diameter of the cervical intervertebral space showed an increasing trend from C3 to C7 in both male and female groups. The middle height (MH) of the cervical intervertebral space was greater than the anterior edge height (AH) and posterior edge height (PD), with statistical differences (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Through the study of CT images of the cervical spine, it was determined that the ATPRS intervertebral fusion system has a feasible area for screw insertion in the cervical intervertebral space.
The role of leisure-time physical activity in maintaining cervical lordosis after anterior cervical fusion and its impact on the motor function in patients with hirayama disease: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Chen Kaiwen , Yang Yang , Wang Xiaoqin , Zhu Yu , Lyu Feizhou , Jiang Jianyuan , Xia Xinlei , Zheng Chaojun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgical treatment has been increasingly performed in Hirayama disease (HD) patients to limit excessive neck flexion and restore cervical lordosis. However, postoperative recurrence of cervical lordosis loss may restart the progress of HD. Many studies have demonstrated a relationship between neck muscle strength and cervical lordosis, and it is widely accepted that leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) can increase muscle strength. However, there are few reports about the correlation between LTPA and maintenance of postoperative cervical curvature.

Objective
To quantify the cervical lordosis and motor function before and after operation in HD patients and to analyze the impact of postoperative LTPA levels on the changes in these measurements.

Methods
C2-7 Cobb were measured in 91 HD patients before, 2–5 days and approximately 2 years after operation. Motor unit number estimation (MUNE) and handgrip strength (HGS) were performed in all patients before and approximately 2 years after operation, and both cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration of posterior cervical muscles were measured in 62 patients. Long-form international Physical Activity Questionnaire and its different domains was administered to all patients at postoperative 2-year assessments.

Results
The C2-7 Cobb was larger immediately and approximately 2 years after operation than that at preoperative assessment (P < 0.05). The preoperative to postoperative change in C2-7 Cobb was associated with postoperative changes in the symptomatic-side HGS and bilateral MUNE measurements (P < 0.05). Importantly, the patients performing LTPA had greater improvements in C2-7 Cobb from immediate to approximately 2 years after operation and greater C2-7 Cobb at last follow-up than those without LTPA, and postoperative improvements in both symptomatic-side MUNE measurements and symptomatic-side HGS were also greater in the former than in the latter (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Postoperative LTPA has a positive effect on recovery/maintenance of cervical lordosis after operation, which may alleviate the motor unit loss of distal upper limbs in HD patients. Therefore, postoperative LTPA may be beneficial for postoperative rehabilitation or early conservative treatment of HD patients.
In vitro evaluation of filling material removal and apical debris extrusion after retreatment using Reciproc blue, Hyflex EDM and ProTaper retreatment files
Authors: Abdelnaby Passent , Ibrahim Mohamed , ElBackly Rania 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the amount of remaining filing material and apical debris extrusion after retreatment using Reciproc Blue, Hyflex EDM and ProTaper Retreatment Files.

Materials and methods
Thirty-six extracted permanent mandibular first molars with moderately curved mesial roots were selected. Mesiobuccal canals were prepared using the ProTaper Next system up to size X2 and filled using gutta-percha and Adseal sealer via cold lateral compaction. Teeth were randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 12): Group 1: Reciproc Blue (RB)(VDW, Germany), Group 2: Hyflex EDM (HEDM)(Coltene/Whaledent, Switzerland), Group 3: ProTaper Universal Retreatment file system + ProTaper Next file system (PTUR + PTN)( Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). Eppendorf tubes were used to collect the apically extruded debris. Cone-beam computed tomographic scans were taken prior to and after retreatment and the volume of remaining filling material was assessed at the coronal, middle and apical levels. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, Friedman's test and Wilcoxon Sign Rank test. Significance level was set at p value 0.05.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in the reduction of the volume of the filling material or in the amount of apically extruded debris.

Conclusion
All the tested filing systems showed similar efficacy in removing the filling material, however, none of them could achieve its complete removal. Apical extrusion of debris occurred with all the systems used with no significant difference between the three groups.
Gender differences in oral health among prisoners: a cross-sectional study from Taiwan
Authors: Yang Yu-Pei , Hsin Ho-Tsung , Wang Bing-Long , Wang Yen-Chun , Yu Pi-Ching , Huang Shi‑Hao , Chung Ren‑Jei , Huang Yao-Ching , Tung Tao-Hsin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of oral diseases among Taiwanese prisoners has rarely been investigated. This study aimed to estimate the gender-specific prevalence of oral disease in a sample of Taiwanese prisoners.

Methods
We included 83,048 participants from the National Health Insurance (NHI) Program. Outcomes were measured using the clinical version of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9-CM). For prevalence, we provide absolute values and percentages. We also performed a χ2 test to assess sex and age group differences in the percentage of disease in the oral cavity, salivary glands, and jaw.

Results
The prevalence rate of oral diseases was 25.90%, which was higher than that of the general population. The prevalence of oral diseases in female prisoners was higher than that in male prisoners (p < 0.001), and the prevalence of oral diseases in prisoners aged ≤ 40 was higher than that of prisoners aged > 40. Among all cases of diagnosed oral diseases, the top three diseases were dental hard tissue diseases (13.28%), other cellulitis and abscesses (9.79%), and pruritus and related conditions (2.88%), respectively. The prevalence of various oral diseases in female prisoners was significantly higher than that in male prisoners.

Conclusion
Oral disease is common among Taiwanese prisoners. Female prisoners had a higher prevalence of oral, salivary gland, and jaw diseases than male prisoners. Therefore, early prevention and appropriate treatment are required and also a need for gender-specific oral disease products given the differences in the prevalence of oral disease among male and female prisoners.
Caring for patients during voluntarily stopping of eating and drinking (VSED): experiences of a palliative care team in Germany
Authors: Batzler Yann-Nicolas , Schallenburger Manuela , Maletzki Pia , Tenge Theresa , Schlieper Daniel , Schwartz Jacqueline , Neukirchen Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Health-care professionals are confronted with patients who wish to end their lives through voluntarily stopping eating and drinking (VSED). During VSED, symptoms such as agitation, thirst or psychological distress may arise, thus making close medical accompaniment necessary. Dealing with these symptoms can put a high burden on palliative care teams. Furthermore, divergent perceptions of the ethical classification of VSED may lead to moral distress. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of experience gained over time on the burden of palliative care professionals while accompanying patients during VSED and to assess the perceptions of coping strategies.

Methods
This is a prospective single-centre study conducted at the Interdisciplinary Centre for Palliative Care at University Hospital Duesseldorf, Germany. At two points in time (T1, T2) one year apart, team members of all professions who were actively involved in the accompaniment were eligible to complete a pretested questionnaire.

Results
Team members perceived the symptom complex of psychological distress, anxiety, and agitation to be the most burdensome symptoms for the patients (T1: 28/49, 57.1%; T2: 33/59, 55.9%). Thirst was the second most observed symptom (T1: 17/49, 34.7%, T2: 19/59, 32.2%). These were also the most burdensome symptoms for individual team members. Most team members found there were no general moral concerns. There was a decrease in the perceived importance of support strategies such as ethical counselling (85.7% versus 63.6%).

Conclusions
Accompanying patients during VSED is a challenge for health-care professionals. When comparing T2 to T1, less emphasis lies on the importance of ethical counselling or psychiatric assessment to build a foundation for the accompaniment. Moral and ethical concerns seem to play a minor role. More in-depth studies covering a bigger sample size as well as qualitative studies are needed.
Enhancing efficiency and capacity of telehealth services with intelligent triage: a bidirectional LSTM neural network model employing character embedding
Authors: Shi Jinming , Ye Ming , Chen Haotian , Lu Yaoen , Tan Zhongke , Fan Zhaohan , Zhao Jie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe widespread adoption of telehealth services necessitates accurate online department selection based on patient medical records, a task requiring significant medical knowledge. Incorrect triage results in considerable time wastage for both patients and medical professionals. To address this, we propose an intelligent triage model based on a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) neural network with character embedding to enhance the efficiency and capacity of telehealth services.MethodsWe gathered a 1.3 GB medical dataset comprising 200,000 records, each including medical history, physical examination data, and other pertinent information found on the electronic medical record homepage. Following data preprocessing, a clinical corpus was established to train character embeddings with a medical context.These character embeddings were then utilized to extract features from patient chief complaints, and a 2-layer Bi-LSTM neural network was trained to categorize these complaints, enabling intelligent triage for telehealth services.Results60,000 chief complaint-department data pairs were extracted from clinical corpus and divided into the training, validation, and test sets of 42,000, 9,000, and 9,000, respectively. The character embedding based Bi-LSTM neural network achieved a macro-precision of 85.50% and an F1 score of 85.45%.ConclusionThe telehealth triage model developed in this study demonstrates strong implementation outcomes and significantly improves the efficiency and capacity of telehealth services. Character embedding outperforms word embedding, and future work will incorporate additional features such as patient age and gender into the chief complaint feature to future enhance model performance.
Immigrant and ethnic minority patients` reported experiences in psychiatric care in Europe – a scoping review
Authors: Kjøllesdal Marte Karoline Råberg , Iversen Hilde Hestad , Skudal Kjersti Eeg , Ellingsen-Dalskau Lina Harvold 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
There is little evidence on experiences in psychiatric care treatment among patients with immigrant or ethnic minority background. Knowledge about their experiences is crucial in the development of equal and high-quality services and is needed to validate instruments applied in national patient experience surveys in Norway. The aim of this scoping review is to assess and summarize current evidence on immigrant and ethnic minorities` experiences in psychiatric care treatment in Europe.

Methods
Guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute were followed and the research process adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. The literature search was carried out in Medline, Cinahl, Web of Science, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, Embase, and APA PsychInfo, up to Dec 2022, for articles on immigrant patients` experiences in psychiatric care. Reference lists of included articles were screened for additional relevant articles. Titles and abstracts were screened, and potentially relevant articles read in full-text, by two researchers. Evidence was extracted using an a priori extraction form and summarized in tables and text. Any disagreement between the reviewers regarding inclusion of articles or extracted information details were resolved through discussion between authors.

Results
We included eight studies in the scoping review. Immigrant and ethnic minority background patients did not differ from the general population in quantitative satisfaction questionnaires. However, qualitative studies showed that they experience a lack of understanding and respect of own culture and related needs, and difficulties in communication, which do not seem to be captured in questionnaire-based studies.

Conclusion
Raising awareness about the importance of respect and understanding for patients` cultural background and communication needs for treatment satisfaction should be addressed in future quality improvement work.
Effect of initial recurrence site on the prognosis of different tissue types of non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Yanli , Liu Lizhu , You Ruiming , Li Qingwan , Jiang Zhaojuan , Pu Hongjiang , Li Zhenhui , Chen Xiaobo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the correlation between the initial recurrence site and survival after recurrence (PRS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods
We collected 588 stages I–III NSCLC patients with recurrence after radical resection in Yunnan Cancer Hospital from January 2013 to December 2018. We used Kaplan–Meier survival curves to compare PRS in patients with different site recurrences. The univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the impact of the initial recurrence site on PRS.

Results
The recurrence site included the lung (n = 109), brain (n = 113), bone (n = 79), abdomen (n = 28), pleura (n = 24), lymph node (n = 81), and multisite (n = 154). In the total population, patients with multisite recurrence had substantially worse PRS (24.8 months, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.46–32.20) than that of patients without multiple sites recurrence (42.2 months, 95% CI 32.24–52.10) (P = 0.026). However, patients with lung recurrence had better RFS (63.1 months, 95% CI 51.13–74.00) than those who did not (31.0 months, 95% CI 25.10–36.96) (P < 0.001). In adenocarcinoma, patients with pleural recurrence had substantially worse PRS (21.3 months, 95% CI 15.07–27.46) than that of patients without pleural recurrence (46.9 months, 95% CI 35.07–58.80) (P = 0.031). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that lung recurrence (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40–0.82; P = 0.003) was independent protective prognostic factor for PRS in the total population, while pleural recurrence (HR 2.18, 95% CI 1.14–4.17; P = 0.018) was independent adverse prognostic factors for PRS in adenocarcinoma patients.

Conclusion
The initial recurrence site was associated with PRS in NSCLC patients. Identification of recurrence sites could guide the subsequent treatment.
Microglial activation, tau and amyloid deposition in TREM2 p.R47H carriers and mild cognitive impairment patients: a multi-modal/multi-tracer PET/MRI imaging study with influenza vaccine immune challenge
Authors: Cousins Oliver , Schubert Julia J. , Chandra Avinash , Veronese Mattia , Valkimadi Polena , Creese Byron , Khan Zunera , Arathimos Ryan , Hampshire Adam , Rosenzweig Ivana , Ballard Clive , Corbett Anne , Aasland Dag , Velayudhan Latha , O’Neill Michael , Collier David , Awais Ramla , Sander Kerstin , Årstad Erik , Howes Oliver , Turkheimer Federico , Hodges Angela 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Microglia are increasingly understood to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. The rs75932628 (p.R47H) TREM2 variant is a well-established risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. TREM2 is a microglial cell surface receptor. In this multi-modal/multi-tracer PET/MRI study we investigated the effect of TREM2 p.R47H carrier status on microglial activation, tau and amyloid deposition, brain structure and cognitive profile.

Methods
We compared TREM2 p.R47H carriers (n = 8; median age = 62.3) and participants with mild cognitive impairment (n = 8; median age = 70.7). Participants underwent two [18F]DPA-714 PET/MRI scans to assess TSPO signal, indicative of microglial activation, before and after receiving the seasonal influenza vaccination, which was used as an immune stimulant. Participants also underwent [18F]florbetapir and [18F]AV1451 PET scans to assess amyloid and tau burden, respectively. Regional tau and TSPO signal were calculated for regions of interest linked to Braak stage. An additional comparison imaging healthy control group (n = 8; median age = 45.5) had a single [18F]DPA-714 PET/MRI. An expanded group of participants underwent neuropsychological testing, to determine if TREM2 status influenced clinical phenotype.

Results
Compared to participants with mild cognitive impairment, TREM2 carriers had lower TSPO signal in Braak II (P = 0.04) and Braak III (P = 0.046) regions, despite having a similar burden of tau and amyloid. There were trends to suggest reduced microglial activation following influenza vaccine in TREM2 carriers. Tau deposition in the Braak VI region was higher in TREM2 carriers (P = 0.04). Furthermore, compared to healthy controls TREM2 carriers had smaller caudate (P = 0.02), total brain (P = 0.049) and white matter volumes (P = 0.02); and neuropsychological assessment revealed worse ADAS-Cog13 (P = 0.03) and Delayed Matching to Sample (P = 0.007) scores.

Conclusions
TREM2 p.R47H carriers had reduced levels of microglial activation in brain regions affected early in the Alzheimer’s disease course and differences in brain structure and cognition. Changes in microglial response may underlie the increased Alzheimer’s disease risk in TREM2 p.R47H carriers. Future therapeutic agents in Alzheimer’s disease should aim to enhance protective microglial actions.
Circular RNA ZBTB46 depletion alleviates the progression of Atherosclerosis by regulating the ubiquitination and degradation of hnRNPA2B1 via the AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Fu Yahong , Jia Qiaowei , Ren Mengmeng , Bie Hengjie , Zhang Xin , Zhang Qian , He Shu , Li Chengcheng , Zhou Hanxiao , Wang Yanjun , Gan Xiongkang , Tao Zhengxian , Chen Xiumei , Jia Enzhi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
CircZBTB46 has been identified as being associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and has the potential to be a diagnostic biomarker for CAD. However, the specific function and detailed mechanism of circZBTB46 in CAD are still unknown.

Methods
The expression levels and properties of circRNAs were examined using qRT‒PCR, RNA FISH, and subcellular localization analysis. ApoE−/− mice fed a high-fat diet were used to establish an atherosclerosis model. HE, Masson, and Oil Red O staining were used to analyze the morphological features of the plaque. CCK-8, Transwell, and wound healing assays, and flow cytometric analysis were used to evaluate cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. RNA pull-down, silver staining, mass spectrometry analysis, and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) were performed to identify the interacting proteins of circZBTB46.

Results
CircZBTB46 is highly conserved and is significantly upregulated in atherosclerotic lesions. Functional studies revealed that knockdown of circZBTB46 significantly decreased the atherosclerotic plaque area, attenuating the progression of atherosclerosis. In addition, silencing circZBTB46 inhibited cell proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, circZBTB46 physically interacted with hnRNPA2B1 and suppressed its degradation, thereby regulating cell functions and the formation of aortic atherosclerotic plaques. Additionally, circZBTB46 was identified as a functional mediator of PTEN-dependent regulation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and thus affected cell proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis.

Conclusion
Our study provides the first direct evidence that circZBTB46 functions as an important regulatory molecule for CAD progression by interacting with hnRNPA2B1 and regulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway.