bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostate-Specific Antigen and New Related Markers for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Daher Rose , Beaini Mona 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAlthough prostate-specific antigen (PSA), or human kallikrein 3, is the most valuable tool available for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer, as currently used it is insufficiently sensitive and specific for early detection or staging of the malignancy. Many new concepts have been introduced in order to optimize the clinical use of PSA measurements, but each one has its own drawbacks. The molecular forms of PSA, especially the free PSA, seem to be useful for the detection of prostate cancer in men with PSA concentrations falling in the 4–10 μg/l range. New molecular techniques, such as reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the detection of minimal amounts of PSA messenger RNA and prostate-specific membrane antigen, offer new promise for the prognosis and possibly staging of prostate cancer. On the other hand, human kallikrein 2, a serine protease closely related to PSA that is also expressed predominantly in the prostate, may be a new adjuvant marker for prostate cancer. As for its biological functions, PSA can no longer be regarded as a specific prostate molecule associated mainly with semen liquefaction when it has a possible role as a prognostic indicator in female breast cancer. The biological role of PSA in normal tissues and tumors may be much more complex than previously thought and requires further investigation.
Anisotropic Single‐layer Graphene/Nanodiamond Loaded PCL Conduits Provide Biophysical Cues to Manipulate Nerve Biomechanics and Bioelectric Function in the Restoration of Nerve Microenvironment
Authors: Zhan Lei , Wang Xu , Lv Yaowei , Deng Jixia , Nan Liping , Ke Qinfei , Guan Shibing , Huang Chen , Ouyang Yuanming 
Published: February 2025

AbstractImpaired peripheral nerves are characterized by a disturbed nerve microenvironment where nerve mechanics and physiology are disrupted. Adequate biophysical cues on nerve scaffolds that resemble the mechanical and bioelectrical microenvironments represent an advanced technique for the realization of desirable neural interfaces. Considering that Schwann cells and axons are surrounded by a unique mechanical microenvironment and the electrically sensitive nature of peripheral nerve, a novel neural device is designed by incorporating single‐layer graphene (SLG) and nanodiamond (ND) into nanogrooved polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers. The combination of these nanomaterials with the anisotropic topography (formed by the nanogrooves on surfaces of PCL fiber and the micrometer gaps between neighboring fibers) from fibrous conduit shows extraordinary synergy in enhancing the nerve regeneration process. The SLG/ND/PCL nerve guidance conduit (NGC) successfully triggers the myelinating capacity of Schwann cells via Piezo1 signaling and further enables the concurrent activation of NFAT and Krox‐20 molecule. Cells on the scaffold also present higher mechano‐sensitivity, with the simultaneous suppression of fibrotic activity and the collagen production of fibroblasts. Taken together, the concept of combining nanomaterials with anisotropic topography can enable the myelinating capacity of Schwann cells, thus offering a platform strategy toward the fabrication of a desirable microenvironment for peripheral nerve regeneration.
High‐Load Shape Memory Microgripper with Embedded Resistive Heating and Magnetic Actuation
Authors: Wu Sizhu , Liu Yifan , Zhang Yachao , Zeng Lu , Fang Jinpeng , Chen Chao , Zhang Chenchu , Wu Dong , Lao Zhaoxin , Xia Haojie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMagnetically actuated soft grippers find extensive applications in robotics due to their rapid response, biological safety, and wireless control capabilities. However, these systems often require a continuously applied magnetic field during both the capture and release processes, which reduces load capacity and makes gripping ferromagnetic objects challenging. Here, an electrothermal‐magnetic actuated shape memory (EM‐SMP) microgripper is developed. By incorporating Fe₃O₄ particles into the shape memory polymer (SMP) and embedding resistive wires, the microgripper can respond to both electric current and magnetic field. The high thermal conductivity of the composite material, coupled with microscale dimensions achieved via femtosecond laser processing, significantly enhances the response speed (≈0.9 s). The magnetic field is applied only to open the gripper, while closure is realized through the electrothermal‐triggered shape memory effect, allowing sequential closure to safely grip delicate soft objects and magnetic objects without magnetic interference. Upon cooling, the closed state of the SMP gripper locks in place without energy consumption. Furthermore, the claw‐shaped design allows the gripper to enclose larger objects during grasping, thereby improving the load‐to‐weight ratio (≈2380). This gripper demonstrates broad application potential, effectively performing grasp and release tasks across diverse materials, sizes, shapes, states, and extreme environmental conditions (acidic and alkaline).
Designing Confined Thermal‐Recognized Hydrogen Bonding Nanochannels for Effective and Energy‐Efficient Water Isotopologue Sieving
Authors: Wen Rou‐Ming , Ye Hao , Wu Ming‐Bang , Luo Qiao , Ye Qi‐Hui , Hu Zhang‐Ting , Yu Yucong , Yao Juming , Zhang Chao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWater isotopologue sieving has been flagged as one of the biggest challenges in modern separation technologies owing to their extremely similar physicochemical properties. As a benchmark candidate, current membrane separation suffers from inferior water isotopologue sieving as imposed by the failure of the size exclusion in conventional membrane separation. Herein, a facile approach is presented to elaborate MXene/Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) membranes featuring confined thermal‐recognized hydrogen bonding nanochannels, enabling highly‐selective, energy‐efficient and durable deuterium water sieving under low‐grade heat. The key to such membranes lies in the meticulous utilization of CNF‐enabled rich thermal‐recognized hydrogen bonds within nanochannels, which attract more deuterium water and water via deuterium bond and hydrogen bond (─OD/─OH) meanwhile thermally recognizing deuterium water with stable ─OD interaction to create more significant diffusion kinetic differences over water under low‐grade heat. It is demonstrated that the MXene/CNF membranes deliver an extraordinary separation factor as high as 5.2 yet demanding energy consumption as low as 2.9 GJ kg−1, outperforming most of state‐of‐the‐art separation technologies. Moreover, the MXene/CNF membrane exhibits stable separation performance under long‐term operations and can be further integrated into multi‐stage separation device for augmenting separation and concentration of deuterium water, making it a step closer to the practical applications.
Enhanced Interfacial Polarization Loss of FeS/MoS2@N‐Doped Carbon Sandwich‐Walled Nanotubes Enables High‐Performance Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Shen Yu , Ma Ziqian , Yan Feng , Zhu Chunling , Zhang Xitian , Chen Yujin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMultiple interfaces and hollow structures are vital to high‐performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption of absorbers. However, it remains difficult to construct and tune such structures, and there is limited understanding regarding the relationships between their structural and dielectric loss properties. Herein, the theoretical simulations for the EMW absorption performance of the hollow sandwich and solid double‐layer structures are first carried out and it is found that the former exhibits a more pronounced power loss density than the latter. Then, a ligand‐exchange strategy following a vulcanization process to fabricate FeS/MoS2@N‐doped carbon sandwich‐walled nanotubes (FeMoS‐SWCNTs) is dveloped. The experimental results demonstrate that the FeMoS‐SWCNTs show significantly enhanced EMW absorption performance compared to the solid FeS counterparts, consistent with the simulation results. Further density functional theory calculations reveal that the enhanced dielectric properties of FeMoS‐SWCNTs are attributed to a stronger interfacial polarization resulting from electronic interactions at multiple interfaces (FeS/N‐doped carbon (NC), MoS2/NC, and FeS/MoS2), and enhanced conduction loss caused by higher density of states in the FeS/MoS2 heterostructure. These findings elucidate the relationship between the sandwich‐walled nanotube structures and their dielectric loss properties, and the developed method offers a feasible approach for the rational design of sandwich‐walled nanotubes for high‐performance EMW absorption applications.
Thick Hydrogel Membrane With Macro‐Channel for Rapid Uranium Extraction From Seawater
Authors: Zhou Guanbing , Chen Jianming , Gao Feng , Wang Hui , Yuan Yihui , Wang Ning 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe growing demand for uranium driven by nuclear power development necessitates the creation of macroscale, cost‐effective, and efficient adsorbents for uranium extraction from seawater, a challenge yet to be fully addressed. Amidoxime‐based hydrogel adsorbents are promising candidates but suffer from performance limitations due to bound water obstructing pore channels and impeding uranyl ion migration. Herein, a thick macro‐channel poly(amidoxime)‐polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel membrane (MCHM) with a double cross‐linking structure is introduced, designed to enhance uranium adsorption. Unlike traditional powders and microfibers, the macroscale thick membrane facilitates deployment and recovery in marine environments, while its directional channel structure improves mass transfer properties and accessibility to amidoxime groups. Using COMSOL Multiphysics, design parameters such as channel size, membrane thickness, and arrangement are optimized, significantly enhancing performance while reducing costs. In natural seawater, the optimized MCHM with 2.0 mm channels, 20 times thicker than ultra‐thin hydrogel membranes demonstrated improvements of 99% in adsorption capacity and 179% in adsorption rate compared to non‐channel counterparts. This method uniquely combines material innovation with computational modeling, providing valuable insights into how the internal channel structure of adsorbents influences their performance. The findings provide a scalable design solution for hydrogel adsorbents, enabling sustainable uranium extraction from seawater.
A Library of Polyphenol‐Amino Acid Condensates for High‐Throughput Continuous Flow Production of Nanomedicines with Ultra‐High Drug Loading
Authors: Yi Zeng , Ma Xiaomin , Tong Qiulan , Ma Lei , Tan Yunfei , Liu Danni , Tan Chaoliang , Chen Junze , Li Xudong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSynthesizing high drug‐loading nanomedicines remains a formidable challenge, and achieving universally applicable, continuous, large‐scale engineered production of such nanomedicines presents even greater difficulties. This study presents a scalable library of polyphenol‐amino acid condensates. By selecting amino acids, the library enables precise customization of key properties, such as carrier capacity, bioactivity, and other critical attributes, offering a versatile range of options for various application scenarios. Leveraging the properties of solvent‐mediated disassembly and reassembly of condensates achieved an ultra‐high drug loading of 86% for paclitaxel. For a range of poorly soluble molecules, the drug loading capacity exceeded 50%, indicating broad applicability. Furthermore, employing a continuous microfluidic device, the production rate can reach 5 mL min−1 (36 g per day), with the nanoparticle size precisely tunable and a polydispersity index (PDI) below 0.2. The polyphenol‐based carrier demonstrates efficient cellular uptake and, in three distinct animal models, has been shown to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel without significant side effects. This study presents a streamlined, efficient, and scalable approach using microfluidics to produce nanomedicines with ultra‐high drug loading, offering a promising strategy for the nanoformulation of poorly soluble drugs.
Angstrom Confinement‐Triggered Adaptive Spin State Transition of CoMn Dual Single Atoms for Efficient Singlet Oxygen Generation
Authors: Jiang Jingjing , Liu Shengda , Zhao Bowen , Sun Tongze , Zhang Yanan , Wang Ruixin , Huo Mingxin , Zhou Dandan , Zhou Chen , Dong Shuangshi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo achieve high selectivity in the transformation from peroxymonosulfate to singlet oxygen, adaptive tuning of atomic spin state as the peroxymonosulfate structure varied is crucial. The angstrom confinement can effectively tune spin state, but developing an adaptive angstrom‐confined atomic system is challenging. Angstrom‐confined cobalt (Co) manganese (Mn) dual single atoms within flexible 2D carbon nitride interlayer are constructed to drive adaptive tuning of spin state by changing atomic coordination under angstrom confinement. The in situ characterizations and density functional theory calculations showed that medium‐spin Co in Co─N4 absorbed electrons after the adsorption of peroxymonosulfate on CoMn dual single‐atom sites and then cleaved O─H of peroxymonosulfate to facilitate *SO5 generation, while the introduction of *SO5 increased interlayer distance and then cleaved Co─N and Mn─N, resulting in the spin state transition from medium to high. Subsequently, the high‐spin Co and Mn in Co─N2 and Mn─N2 desorbed the *O2 from *SO5, restoring the initial medium spin state. The adaptive spin state transition enhanced 38.6‐fold singlet oxygen yield compared to the unconfined control. The proposed angstrom‐confined diatomic strategy is applicable to serial diatomic catalysts, providing an efficient and universal design scheme for singlet oxygen‐mediated selective wastewater treatment technology at the atomic level.
RNASET2 Deficiency Induces Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis through Cholesterol‐Triggered MET Activation
Authors: Xu Yanquan , Chen Yu , Zhang Jiangang , Wang Jingchun , Yang Shuai , Zhao Huakan , Wu Lei , Lei Juan , Zhou Yu , Peng Jin , Jiang Lu , Chen Qian , Xin Rong , Zhou Jianyun , Li Yongsheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetastasis remains a significant challenge in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of ribonuclease T2 (RNASET2) in HCC is still uncertain, although it has been reported to have contradictory effects on some cancers. Here, it is demonstrated that RNASET2 knockout leads to significant accumulation of cholesterol, which in turn promotes MET‐mediated HCC metastasis. Mechanistically, the absence of RNASET2 hinders the degradation of RNA into uridine, thereby reducing the conversion to UTP. This reduction restrains glucuronate metabolism and the expression of the related enzyme UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A1, ultimately resulting in the accumulation of cholesterol due to decreased formation of glucuronidated‐bile acids. The administration of cholesterol induces the migration and invasion of HCC cells through MET (mesenchymal‐epithelial transition factor) activation. However, the deficiency of RNASET2‐induced HCC metastasis can be reversed by blocking MET with shRNA or savolitinib. The study identifies RNASET2 as a key regulator that coordinates RNA, glucuronate, and cholesterol metabolism. Its deficiency drives HCC metastasis through cholesterol‐triggered MET activation. These findings highlight the potential of targeting RNASET2 and MET in improving the prognosis of HCC.
Radiotherapy‐Associated Cellular Senescence and EMT Alterations Contribute to Distinct Disease Relapse Patterns in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhang Lei , Ma Jun , Zhang Jun , Hu Minjie , Cheng Jinlin , Hu Bin , Zhou Junjun , Zhou Di , Bai Yongrui , Ma Xiumei , Tang Jianming , Chen Haiyan , Jing Ying 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA notable number of locally advanced cervical carcinoma (LACC) patients experience local or distant disease relapse following radiotherapy. The contribution of tumor microenvironment (TME) to tumor recurrence at different sites remains unclear. Here, single‐nucleus RNA sequencing data from 28 pre‐ and on‐treatment LACC samples from patients with different disease relapse patterns is analyzed. The findings revealed opposing alterations in the expression levels of the cellular senescence pathway after radiotherapy in patients with local and distant relapses. In contrast, an increase in the expression of the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition module after radiotherapy in both relapse groups is observed. Cell–cell interactions, drug‐target expression analyses in malignant cells after radiation, and multiplex immunofluorescence of tumor tissue identified interleukin‐1 receptor type I (IL1R1) as a potential therapeutic target. It is demonstrated that combining the IL1R1 inhibitor anakinra with radiation can mitigate the effects of radiation on tumor cells. This study highlights the distinct roles of cellular senescence and EMT in tumor recurrence.
Lgals3 Promotes Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation and Kidney Injury Through Histone Lactylation‐Mediated FGFR4 Activation
Authors: Ye Zehua , Sun Yushi , Yang Songyuan , Li Lei , Li Bojun , Xia Yuqi , Yuan Tianhui , Yu Weimin , Chen Lijia , Zhou Xiangjun , Cheng Fan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe incidence of kidney stones is increasing worldwide. However, the underlying mechanism of the process of kidney stone formation and the kidney damage caused are not well understood. Here, it is observed that Lgals3, a β‐galactoside‐binding protein, is significantly increased in tissues with calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones, and in both in vivo and in vitro models. Lgals3 expression is positively correlated with the deposition of CaOx crystals. Knockout of Lgals3 markedly reduces the deposition of CaOx crystal and renal fibrosis in vivo. Furthermore, Lgals3 deficiency decrease the glycolytic rate and lactate production during the process of CaOx deposition and inhibited histone lactylation of H3K18la. Mechanistic studies shows that Lgals3 directly interacted with the key glycolysis protein pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and promoted its expression by modulating E3 ligase Trim21, preventing the ubiquitination of PKM2. Furthermore, H3K18 lactylation promoted CaOx crystal deposition and kidney injury in vivo and in vitro. Lgals3 deficiency inhibites the transcription, activation, and expression of FGFR4 through inhibition of H3K18la. These findings suggest that Lgals3 may play a key role in CaOx stone formation and kidney injury by interacting with PKM2 and promoting both H3K18la‐mediated gene transcription and activation.
Biomineralized Nanocomposite‐Integrated Microneedle Patch for Combined Brachytherapy and Photothermal Therapy in Postoperative Melanoma Recurrence and Infectious Wound Healing
Authors: Liu Peng , Hao Lu , Hsu Jessica C. , Zhou Ming , Luo Zhisheng , Peng Ying , Cai Weibo , Hu Shuo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn the surgical management of malignant melanoma, incomplete tumor resection and large‐area cutaneous defects are major contributors to high locoregional recurrence and uncontrolled wound infections, resulting in poor prognosis and prolonged recovery times for patients. Herein, a versatile nanocomposite microneedle patch (referred to as GM‐Ag2S/Ca32P) is designed to simultaneously eliminate residual tumor post‐surgery and promote the healing of infectious wounds. This microneedle patch effectively penetrates subcutaneous tissues, delivering therapeutic payloads to infiltrating tumor cells and bacteria. The Ag2S/Ca32P nanocomposites encapsulated within the microneedle patch decompose in the acidic microenvironment of tumors and bacterial biofilms, releasing radioactive 32P and Ag2S nanodots, which enhance tumor eradication and bacteria killing through synergistic brachytherapy and photothermal therapy (PTT). Moreover, the nanocomposite microneedle patch promotes scar‐free wound healing by reducing inflammation, and promoting granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, thanks to localized hyperthermia, radiation, and the swelling and biodegradation of the microneedle matrices. This microneedle patch‐based postoperative adjuvant therapy offers a comprehensive strategy for addressing melanoma recurrence and infectious wound healing, with promising potential for clinical application in postsurgical management.
One‐step Centimeter‐Scale Growth of Sub‐100‐nm Perovskite Single‐Crystal Arrays in Ambient Air for Color Painting
Authors: Zhang Guannan , Sun Zhao , Gan Zhuofei , Liang Chuwei , Chen Liyang , Mo Hongbo , Jiang Yuanzhi , Yuan Mingjian , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Kim Ji Tae , Li Wen‐Di 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHalide perovskite single crystals have demonstrated enormous potential for next‐generation integrated optoelectronic devices. However, there is a lack of a facile method to realize the controllable growth of large‐scale, high‐quality, and high‐resolution perovskite single crystal arrays on diverse types of substrates, which hinders their application in practical scenarios. Here, a one‐step wettability‐guided blade coating approach is reported for the rapid in situ crystallization of large‐scale, multicolor, and sub‐100 nm perovskite single‐crystal arrays in the ambient environment. By this strategy, the physical dimensions of perovskite single crystals can be precisely regulated from 90 to 260 nm, with a size variation coefficient < 10% and an area of over 900 mm2. All three typicalhalogen perovskites for multi‐color luminescence, CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) and their mixtures (Cl/Br or Br/I systems), are appliable to this fabrication process through the demonstration of complex RGB patterns with remarkable photoluminescence properties. Moreover, various rigid substrates such as silicon oxide (SiO2), silicon (Si), and glass can also be used to construct the wettability‐constrast templates where perovskite crystal nucleate and grow. After that, the perovskite single‐crystal arrays or complex patterns can be transferred onto flexible substrates, for instance, COC. This method combines convenient solution processing with conventional photolithography to prepare the high‐resolution, large‐area, and superior‐quality perovskite single crystal arrays in a high‐throughput manner, showing great potential in the integration of perovskite nano‐optoelectronic devices and chips.
Pyridyl‐Imine‐Functionalized Donor–Acceptor Covalent Organic Frameworks for Optimal Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Li Zixuan , Cai Bingzi , Zou Ying , Zhang Di , Liang Yizhao , Zhou Yibo , Ma Yu , Wang Xin , Shi Bo , Chen Wen‐Kai , Liu Yuanyuan , Zhao Xiaojia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe artificial photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using semiconductor photocatalysts is gaining attention as an eco‐friendly and energy‐efficient method. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) show great promise in enhancing photocatalytic H2O2 production due to their tunable structures and functional diversity. However, the efficiency of H2O2 generation is close to the photoelectric properties of COFs and the microenvironment of their active sites. Herein, the synthesis of pyridyl‐imine‐functionalized COFs (PyIm‐COFs) featuring donor–acceptor (D–A) moieties to improve H2O2 production efficiency is reported. By employing benzothiadiazole (BT) units with varied fluorine substitutions, the electronic environment of the active sites, optimizing the selective two‐electron (2e−) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), is tuned. Among the synthesized COFs, PyIm‐BT_F exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving a H2O2 production rate of 5342 µmol g−1 h−1. The importance of D–A moieties in the rational design of COF‐based photocatalysts, providing a novel strategy for sustainable H2O2 production through optimized active site environments, is underscored.