bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative quantitation of peptides in wild‐type and Cpefat/fat mouse pituitary using stable isotopic tags and mass spectrometry
Authors: Che Fa‐Yun , Biswas Reeta , Fricker Lloyd D. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractCpefat/fat mice have a point mutation in the coding region of the carboxypeptidase E gene that renders the enzyme inactive. As a result, these mice have reduced levels of several neuropeptides and greatly increased levels of the peptide processing intermediates that contain C‐terminal basic residues. However, previous studies examined a relatively small number of neuropeptides. In the present study, we used a quantitative peptidomics approach with stable isotopic labels to examine the levels of pituitary peptides in Cpefat/fat mice relative to wild‐type mice. Pituitary extracts from mutant and wild type mice were labeled with the stable isotopic label [3‐(2,5‐dioxopyrrolidin‐1‐yloxycarbonyl)propyl]trimethylammonium chloride containing nine atoms of hydrogen or deuterium. Then, the two samples were pooled and analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The relative abundance of peptides was determined from a comparison of the intensities of the heavy and light peaks. Altogether, 72 peptides were detected in the Cpefat/fat and/or wild‐type mouse pituitary extracts of which 53 were identified by MS/MS sequencing. Several peptides identified in this analysis represent previously undescribed post‐translational processing products of known pituitary prohormones. Of the 72 peptides detected in pituitary, 17 were detected only in the Cpefat/fat mouse extracts; these represent peptide processing intermediates containing C‐terminal basic residues. The peptides common to both Cpefat/fat and wild‐type mice were generally present at 2–5‐fold lower levels in the Cpefat/fat mouse pituitary extracts, although some peptides were present at equal levels and one peptide (acetyl β‐endorphin 1‐31) was increased ∼7‐fold in the Cpefat/fat pituitary extracts. In contrast, acetyl β‐endorphin 1‐26 was present at ∼10‐fold lower levels in the Cpefat/fat pituitary, compared with wild‐type mice. The finding that many peptides are substantially decreased in Cpefat/fat pituitary is consistent with the broad role for carboxypeptidase E in the biosynthesis of numerous neuropeptides. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sulfonation of Poly(propylene) Films with Fuming Sulfuric Acid
Authors: Kaneko Masashi , Sato Hisaya 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: Sulfonation is one of the most commonly used methods for the surface modification of polymers. In this study, the sulfonation of poly(propylene) (PP) films with fuming sulfuric acid has been investigated with the focus on the surface reaction. Analysis of the sulfonated PP films by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy, and chemical modification demonstrated the formation of CC double bonds and sulfate groups in the sulfonation process. These results and a comparison with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) films led us to propose a new sulfonation mechanism involving hydride abstraction and the formation of β‐sultones.The here proposed mechanism of the sulfonation of poly(propylene) involves the formation of unstable β‐sultones.magnified imageThe here proposed mechanism of the sulfonation of poly(propylene) involves the formation of unstable β‐sultones.
Surface waves on a grounded double‐negative (DNG) slab waveguide
Authors: Bait Suwailam Mohammed M. , Chen Zhizhang (David) 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSurface waves are the fields that decay exponentially away from, but propagate along, a dielectric interface. In this paper, a dielectric waveguide is constructed with a grounded DNG metamaterial slab whose real parts of permittivity and permeability are both negative. Field solutions are then derived analytically in terms of propagation dispersion. The results obtained show that the grounded DNG slab waveguide presents properties different from those of the conventional grounded slab waveguide and can be used as a bandpass filter with TE1 mode propagation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 494–498, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20677
Theoretical analysis of linear active antenna array for beam steering
Authors: Pandey Vijay K. , Vishvakarma Babau R. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe beam‐steering characteristic of a 1 × 4 linear Gunn‐integrated active antenna array is investigated by varying the bias voltages of the different elements in the array while keeping the side‐lobe level 10‐dB below the main beam level. By varying the bias voltage of all four elements simultaneously, the optimization of beam steering exhibited a beam scanning of 40° with 1.85‐dB power deviation in the main beam, which is better than the previously reported data. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 560–564, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20697
Preparation and clinical application of immunomagnetic latex
Authors: Wang Ping‐Cheih , Lee Chia‐Fen , Young Tai‐Horng , Lin Dong‐Tsamn , Chiu Wen‐Yen 
Published: February 2005

AbstractMagnetic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid) [P(MMA–MAA)] composite polymer latices were synthesized by two‐stage soapless emulsion polymerization in the presence of magnetite (Fe3O4) ferrofluids. Different types and concentrations of fatty acids were reacted with the Fe3O4 particles, which were prepared by the coprecipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts to obtain stable Fe3O4 ferrofluids. The Fe3O4/polymer particles were monodisperse, and the composite polymer particle size was approximately 100 nm. The morphology of the magnetic composite polymer latex particles was a core–shell structure. The core was PMMA encapsulating Fe3O4 particles, and the shell was the P(MMA–MAA) copolymer. The carboxylic acid functional groups (COOH) of methacrylic acid (MAA) were mostly distributed on the surface of the composite polymer latex particles. Antibodies (anti‐human immunoglobulin G) were then chemically bound with COOH groups onto the surface of the magnetic core–shell composite latices through the medium of carbodiimide to form the antibody‐coated magnetic latices (magnetic immunolatices). The MAA shell composition of the composite latex could be adjusted to control the number of COOH groups and thus the number of antibody molecules on the magnetic composite latex particles. With a magnetic sorting device, the magnetic immunolatices derived from the magnetic PMMA/P(MMA–MAA) core–shell composite polymer latex performed well in cell‐separation experiments based on the antigen–antibody reaction. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 1342–1356, 2005
Thermodynamics of reversibly associating ideal chains
Authors: Loverde Sharon M. , Ermoshkin Alexander V. , De La Cruz Monica Olvera 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSolutions of ideal thermoreversible associating polymer chains are analyzed by standard Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations. The associating units are restricted to form only pairs and are located at the ends of each chain. Two cases are considered: equilibrium chemical association and diffusion limited association. Thermodynamic and structural quantities obtained in the simulations are directly compared to predictions of a mean field theory. Finite size effects when considering loop‐like structures are addressed for the case of equilibrium chemical association. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 796–804, 2005
The hemodynamic and neurohormonal effects of low doses of tezosentan (an endothelin A/B receptor antagonist) in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Cotter Gad , Kaluski Edo , Stangl Karl , Pacher Richard , Richter Christoph , Milo‐Cotter Olga , Perchenet Loïc , Kobrin Isaac , Kaplan Shoshana , Rainisio Maurizio , Frey Aline , Neuhart Eric , Vered Zvi , Dingemanse Jasper , Torre‐Amione Guillermo 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBackground:In previous studies (the RITZ project), tezosentan, an intravenous (i.v.)‐balanced dual endothelin (ET‐A/B) antagonist, in doses of 50 and 100 mg/h, improved the hemodynamics but not the clinical outcome of patients with acute heart failure (AHF).Objective:To evaluate the effect of lower doses of tezosentan in patients with AHF.Subjects and methods:Included were 130 patients hospitalized due to AHF with dyspnea at rest, despite initial treatment, and were in need of hemodynamic monitoring with cardiac index (CI)<2.5 l/min/m2 and wedge pressure≥20 mm Hg. Patients were randomized in a double‐blind fashion to receive placebo or tezosentan: 0.2, 1, 5, or 25 mg/h for 24 h.Results:The primary endpoint of the study, CI increase at 6 h of treatment, was significant in the 5 and 25 mg/h groups. Tezosentan induced a dose‐dependent increase in CI and a decrease in wedge pressure, peaking after 3 h in the 5 and 25 mg/h groups. In the 1‐mg/h group, this effect was smaller during the first 6 h and increased gradually, becoming significant at 24 h and beyond treatment discontinuation. There was no hemodynamic effect in the 0.2 mg/h arm. Type‐B natriuretic peptide (BNP) decreased in the 1, 5, and 25 mg/h groups but not on placebo. Endothelin levels were significantly increased by the 5 and 25 mg/h groups but not in the lower (≤1 mg/h) tezosentan doses. Urine output decreased on the 25‐mg/h dose. There was a trend towards improvement in patients' subjective dyspnea score and worsening heart failure events, mainly in the 1 mg/h group.Conclusions:In patients admitted with AHF, tezosentan doses of 1–25 mg/h are efficacious in improving the hemodynamics and reducing BNP. Tezosentan doses beyond 1 mg/h increased plasma endothelin levels and reduced urine output, probably limiting their clinical efficacy, as compared to tezosentan 1 mg/h.
Ecosystem indicators derived from satellite remotely sensed oceanographic data for the North Pacific
Authors: Polovina Jeffrey J. , Howell Evan A. 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
Satellite remotely sensed oceanographic data provide reliable global ocean coverage of sea surface temperature, sea surface height, surface winds, and ocean colour, with relatively high spatial and temporal resolution. We illustrate approaches to use these data to construct indicators that describe aspects of ecosystem dynamics in the North Pacific. Specifically, altimetry data are used to construct regional indicators of the ocean vertical structure, ocean colour data to describe the temporal chlorophyll dynamics of the coastal zone, ocean colour, sea surface temperature, and altimetry data to develop indices of biologically important ocean features, and finally altimetry data to drive a larval transport model and develop an index of larval retention. Recent changes in the North Pacific based on these indices are discussed.
Ecosystem approach to fisheries: a review of implementation guidelines1
Authors: Garcia Serge M. , Cochrane Kevern L. 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
The FAO and other guidelines available for the implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries are briefly reviewed. The paper recalls the high-level policy foundations and the main issues, related to fisheries and non-fishing impacts as well as to natural variability. It reviews the central paradigm and the extension of the conventional management required to better account for ecosystem considerations. It focuses on the policy, strategy development, and implementation processes required to adapt the fuzzy principles and conceptual goals to the reality of specific situations, addressing briefly the central issues of capacity-building, management costs, realistic time frames, and the role of science, and concludes with comments on the respective roles of the various types of stakeholders.
U–Pb zircon geochronology of Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous extension‐related silicic volcanism in the northern New England Fold Belt*
Authors: BRYAN S. E. , ALLEN C. M. , HOLCOMBE R. J. , FIELDING C. R. 
Published: February 2005

Laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) analysis of zircons confirm a Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous age (ca 360–350 Ma) for silicic volcanic rocks of the Campwyn Volcanics and Yarrol terrane of the northern New England Fold Belt (Queensland). These rocks are coeval with silicic volcanism recorded elsewhere in the fold belt at this time (Connors Arch, Drummond Basin). The new U–Pb zircon ages, in combination with those from previous studies, show that silicic magmatism was both widespread across the northern New England Fold Belt (>250 000 km2 and ≥500 km inboard of plate margin) and protracted, occurring over a period of ∼15 million years. Zircon inheritance is commonplace in the Late Devonian – Early Carboniferous volcanics, reflecting anatectic melting and considerable reworking of continental crust. Inherited zircon components range from ca 370 to ca 2050 Ma, with Middle Devonian (385–370 Ma) zircons being common to almost all dated units. Precambrian zircon components record either Precambrian crystalline crust or sedimentary accumulations that were present above or within the zone of magma formation. This contrasts with a lack of significant zircon inheritance in younger Permo‐Carboniferous igneous rocks intruded through, and emplaced on top of, the Devonian–Carboniferous successions. The inheritance data and location of these volcanic rocks at the eastern margins of the northern New England Fold Belt, coupled with Sr–Nd, Pb isotopic data and depleted mantle model ages for Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic magmatism, imply that Precambrian mafic and felsic crustal materials (potentially as old as 2050 Ma), or at the very least Lower Palaeozoic rocks derived from the reworking of Precambrian rocks, comprise basement to the eastern parts of the fold belt. This crustal basement architecture may be a relict from the Late Proterozoic breakup of the Rodinian supercontinent.
Clinical decision‐making and myocardial viability: current perspectives
Authors: Nelson C. , Marwick T. H. 
Published: February 2005

Abstract Not all myocardium involved in a myocardial infarction is dead or irreversibly damaged. The balance between the amount of scar and live tissue, and the nature of the live tissue, determine the likelihood that contractile function will improve after revascularisation. This improvement (which defines viability) may be predicted with about 80% accuracy using several techniques. This review examines the determinants of functional recovery and how they may be integrated in making decisions regarding revascularisation. (Intern Med J 2005; 35: 118–125)
Clarification of Social Support
Authors: Finfgeld‐Connett Deborah 
Published: February 2005

Purpose:

To clarify the concept of social support.
Design:

Template Verification and Expansion Model.
Methods:

Meta‐synthesis strategies.
Findings:

Social support is composed of emotional and instrumental support. It is an advocative interpersonal process characterized by reciprocal exchange of information, it is context specific, and it results in improved mental health. Antecedents of emotional and instrumental support include a perceived need plus a social network and climate that are conducive to the exchange of social support.
Conclusions:

In keeping with the nonprofessional nature of social support, nurses are advised to encourage patients to use and enhance personal support networks. For the same reason, nurses should reconsider investigating social support as a nursing intervention. Expanded efforts are needed to differentiate social support from concepts such as caring.
Translation and Validation of the Condom Self‐Efficacy Scale With Thai Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Thato Sathja , Hanna Kathleen M. , Rodcumdee Branom 
Published: February 2005

Purpose:

To translate the 14‐item Condom Self‐Efficacy Scale (CSES) into Thai and to validate the Thai version of the Condom Self‐efficacy Scale (CSES‐T) among Thai adolescents and young adults.
Methods:

The CSES was translated using a back‐translation technique and validated with a cluster‐based sample of 425 participants aged 18 to 22 years from eight randomly selected private vocational schools in Bangkok. Participants completed anonymous self‐administered scales. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was conducted to identify latent factors.
Results:

Factor analysis indicated three factors: communication, correct use, and consistent use. Items loading on the original CSES also loaded on the same factors of the CSES‐T except one item. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .85 for the total scale, .70 for consistent use, .79 for correct use, and .80 for communication.
Conclusions:

Based on psychometric properties, the CSES‐T is a valid and reliable tool. It is culturally appropriate for Thai young adults. Thai researchers and health care providers can use the CSES‐T to assess adolescents' and young adults' self‐efficacy to use condoms as well as to further develop and evaluate interventions to increase condom use.
Development of Signal Interpolated Phase Timing Recovery System for High Density Magneto-Optical Disks
Authors: Kanaoka Toshikazu , Taguchi Masakazu , Uchida Akiyoshi , Itakura Akihiro , Matsuura Michio 
Published: February 2005

We developed a new timing recovery system for magneto-optical disks (MO) with a higher recording density and higher transfer rate but it is difficult to achieve these without signal to noise ratio (SNR) degradation in the MO readout signal. Therefore, for signal processing, we have developed a turbo code technology, [rf1] which can obtain a high enough coding gain. However, as optimal phase to obtain the optimum performance of the turbo code must be detected, we developed a very precise phase timing recovery system that works under a degraded SNR in the MO readout signal. Moreover, as the turbo code is a kind of block code, which requires decoding by a turbo block unit, we also developed a system for detecting the start point for turbo decoding. We developed a new timing recovery system and, in this paper, we report architecture and performance evaluations of this system.
Constitutive mobilization of CD34+ cells into the peripheral blood in idiopathic myelofibrosis may be due to the action of a number of proteases
Authors: Xu Mingjiang , Bruno Edward , Chao Joseph , Huang Stephen , Finazzi Guido , Fruchtman Steven M. , Popat Uday , Prchal Josef T. , Barosi Giovanni , Hoffman Ronald ,   for the MPD Research Consortium
Published: February 2005

Abstract
Idiopathic myelofibrosis (IM) is characterized by increased numbers of CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood (PB). We explored the possible mechanisms underlying this abnormal trafficking of CD34+ cells. Plasma levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), total and active matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) were dramatically increased in IM. The absolute number of CD34+ cells in the PB was correlated with the levels of sVCAM-1. Marked elevations of the levels of NE but not total and active MMP-9 as well as MMP-2 were detected in media conditioned by IM mononuclear cells (MNCs) as compared with that of healthy volunteers. IM MNC-conditioned media, however, was shown by zymographic analysis to contain increased gelatinolytic activity corresponding to the molecular weight of MMP-9. IM MNC-conditioned media also exhibited a greater ability to cleave VCAM-1 and c-kit in vitro, consistent with the biologic actions of NE. In addition, the increased ability of IM PB CD34+ cells to migrate through a reconstituted basement membrane was diminished by several inhibitors of MMP-9 activity, indicating that these cells express increased levels of this MMP. These data indicate that a proteolytic environment exists in IM which might result in the sustained mobilization of CD34+ cells.
Use of dietary supplements by female seniors in a large Northern California health plan
Authors: Gordon Nancy P , Schaffer Donna M 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
Background
Women aged ≥ 65 years are high utilizers of prescription and over-the-counter medications, and many of these women are also taking dietary supplements. Dietary supplement use by older women is a concern because of possible side effects and drug-supplement interactions. The primary aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive picture of dietary supplement use among older women in a large health plan in Northern California, USA, to raise awareness among health care providers and pharmacists about the need for implementing structural and educational interventions to minimize adverse consequences of self-directed supplement use. A secondary aim was to raise awareness about how the focus on use of herbals and megavitamins that has occurred in most surveys of complementary and alternative therapy use results in a significant underestimate of the proportion of older women who are using all types of dietary supplements for the same purposes.

Methods
We used data about use of different vitamin/mineral (VM) supplements and nonvitamin, nonmineral (NVNM) supplements, including herbals, from a 1999 general health survey mailed to a random sample of adult members of a large Northern California health plan to estimate prevalence of and characteristics associated with supplement use among women aged 65–84 (n = 3,109).

Results
Based on weighted data, 84% had in the past 12 months used >1 dietary supplement, 82% a VM, 59% a supplement other than just multivitamin or calcium, 32% an NVNM, and 25% an herbal. Compared to white, nonHispanic women, African-Americans and Latinas were significantly less likely to use VM and NVNM supplements and Asian/Pacific Islanders were less likely to use NVNM supplements. Higher education was strongly associated with use of an NVNM supplement. Prevalence did not differ by number of prescription medications taken. Among white, nonHispanic women, multiple logistic regression models showed that college education, good health, belief that health practices have at least a moderate effect on health, and having arthritis or depression significantly increased likelihood of NVNM use, while having diabetes decreased likelihood.

Conclusions
An extremely high proportion of older women are using dietary supplements other than multivitamins and calcium, many in combination with multiple prescription medications. Increased resources should be devoted to helping clinicians, pharmacists, supplement vendors, and consumers become more aware of the safety, effectiveness, and potential side effects of dietary supplements.
Coefficient of Consolidation and its Correlation with Index Properties of Remolded Soils
Authors: Sridharan A , Nagaraj HB 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
Knowledge of the rate at which the compression of the soil layer takes place is essential from design considerations. This can be achieved by determining the value of the coefficient of consolidation, cv. To obtain cv, it is essential to conduct a routine one-dimensional consolidation test. With the obtained time-compression data, and using any one of the several available curve-fitting procedures, cv can be evaluated. This is a time-consuming process. Also, the fact that many curve-fitting procedures are available in the literature suggests that none of them are completely satisfactory in evaluating cv and, hence, the large variation in the evaluated values by different procedures. Hence, it is desirable to predict the value of cv by any correlation equation relating with some simple index property. This will be quite satisfactory, especially so for preliminary assessment purposes. From the present experimental study on remolded soils, it is found that cv has a better correlation with the shrinkage index, which is the difference between liquid limit and shrinkage limit.