bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beneficial Effect of Societal Factors on APOE-ε2 and ε4 Carriers’ Brain Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aravena José M , Lee Jakyung , Schwartz Anna E , Nyhan Kate , Wang Shi-Yi , Levy Becca R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Apolipoprotein-E (APOE) ε4 and ε2 are the most prevalent risk-increasing and risk-reducing genetic predictors of Alzheimer’s disease, respectively. However, the extent to which societal factors can reduce the harmful impact of APOE-ε4 and enhance the beneficial impact of APOE-ε2 on brain health has not yet been examined systematically.

Methods
To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic review searching for studies in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus until June 2023, that included: (a) 1 of 5 social determinants of health (SDH) identified by Healthy People 2030, (b) APOE-ε2 or APOE-ε4 allele carriers, (c) cognitive or brain-biomarker outcomes, and (d) studies with an analysis of how APOE-ε2 and/ or APOE-ε4 carriers differ on outcomes when exposed to SDH.

Results
From 14 076 articles retrieved, 124 met the inclusion criteria. In most of the studies, exposure to favorable SDH reduced APOE-ε4’s detrimental effect and enhanced APOE-ε2’s beneficial effect on cognitive and brain-biomarker outcomes (cognition: 70.5%, n: 74/105; brain-biomarkers: 71.4%, n: 20/28). A similar pattern of results emerged in each of the 5 Healthy People 2030 SDH categories, where finishing high school, having resources to satisfy basic needs, less air pollution, less negative external stimuli that can generate stress (eg, negative age stereotypes), and exposure to multiple favorable SDH were associated with better cognitive and brain health among APOE-ε4 and APOE-ε2 carriers.

Conclusions
Societal factors can reduce the harmful impact of APOE-ε4 and enhance the beneficial impact of APOE-ε2 on cognitive outcomes. This suggests that plans to reduce dementia should include community-level policies promoting favorable SDH.
Macrophage N-glycan processing inhibits antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis
Authors: Díaz de león Jesús S Aguilar , Aguilar Isaac , Barb Adam W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Factors regulating macrophage effector function represent potential targets to optimize the efficacy of antibody-mediated therapies. Macrophages are myeloid cells capable of engulfing and destroying diseased or damaged target cells. Antibodies binding to the target cell surface can engage macrophage Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) to elicit antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), a process that contributes to treatments mediated by anti-tumor antibodies. Conversely, macrophage ADCP of apoptotic T cells is also linked to tolerance in the tumor environment. Here we evaluated the role of asparagine(N)-linked glycans in the function of macrophages derived from primary human monocytes. Macrophages treated with kifunensine, an inhibitor of N-glycan processing, exhibited greater target binding and ADCP of antibody-coated target cells. Kifunensine treatment increased ADCP of both rituximab-coated Raji B cells and trastuzumab-coated SKBR3 cells. ADCP required FcγRs; inhibiting CD64 / FcγRI led to the greatest reduction, followed by CD32 / FcγRII and then CD16 / FcγRIII in most donors. Kifunensine treatment also increased the antibody-binding affinity of CD16. Differences in the abundance of phosphorylated immune receptors, including Siglec-9, CD32a, and LAIR-1 correlated with the increased ADCP. These results demonstrate that N-glycan processing regulates macrophage effector function.
Redefining Patent Translation: The Influence of ChatGPT and the Urgency to Align Patent Language Regimes in Europe with Progress in Translation Technology
Authors: Larroyed Aline 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article investigates the impact of ChatGPT on the current language regimes in Europe for patent translation. With the growing number of patent applications being filed annually, there is a high demand for cost-effective and high-quality patent translation services. Despite advancements in translation technology, including ChatGPT, there remains a scarcity of research on the use of these technologies in patent translation, particularly with regard to the legal validity of machine-generated translations. The article takes an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating a review of regulatory documents, a preliminary evaluation of ChatGPT’s performance using the LISA QA matrix and a review of relevant doctrinal literature. The regulatory examination in this study centers on the provisions of the European Patent Convention and related legal documents that specify the language criteria for acquiring a patent within Europe. The preliminary evaluation uses a sample of 20 patents translated from English into Portuguese to assess accuracy, fluency and acceptability. The examination of available legal literature strives to attain a thorough comprehension of how laws and principles of the legal system are being put into practice in association with the progression of translation technologies. This article endeavors to examine the potential effects of utilizing ChatGPT in patent translation on existing language regulations in Europe and if new regulations will be necessary. It highlights the need for further research in this field to better understand the advantages and implications of using advanced language models in patent translation.
Morbidity and mortality burden of COVID-19 in rural Madagascar: results from a longitudinal cohort and nested seroprevalence study
Authors: Garchitorena Andres , Rasoloharimanana Lova Tsikiniaina , Rakotonanahary Rado Jl , Evans Michelle V , Miller Ann C , Finnegan Karen E , Cordier Laura F , Cowley Giovanna , Razafinjato Benedicte , Randriamanambintsoa Marius , Andrianambinina Samuel , Popper Stephen J , Hotahiene Raphaël , Bonds Matthew H , Schoenhals Matthieu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Three years into the pandemic, there remains significant uncertainty about the true infection and mortality burden of COVID-19 in the World Health Organization Africa region. High quality, population-representative studies in Africa are rare and tend to be conducted in national capitals or large cities, leaving a substantial gap in our understanding of the impact of COVID-19 in rural, low-resource settings. Here, we estimated the spatio-temporal morbidity and mortality burden associated with COVID-19 in a rural health district of Madagascar until the first half of 2021.

Methods
We integrated a nested seroprevalence study within a pre-existing longitudinal cohort conducted in a representative sample of 1600 households in Ifanadiana District, Madagascar. Socio-demographic and health information was collected in combination with dried blood spots for about 6500 individuals of all ages, which were analysed to detect IgG and IgM antibodies against four specific proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in a bead-based multiplex immunoassay. We evaluated spatio-temporal patterns in COVID-19 infection history and its associations with several geographic, socio-economic and demographic factors via logistic regressions.

Results
Eighteen percent of people had been infected by April-June 2021, with seroprevalence increasing with individuals’ age. COVID-19 primarily spread along the only paved road and in major towns during the first epidemic wave, subsequently spreading along secondary roads during the second wave to more remote areas. Wealthier individuals and those with occupations such as commerce and formal employment were at higher risk of being infected in the first wave. Adult mortality increased in 2020, particularly for older men for whom it nearly doubled up to nearly 40 deaths per 1000. Less than 10% of mortality in this period would be directly attributed to COVID-19 deaths if known infection fatality ratios are applied to observed seroprevalence in the district.

Conclusion
Our study provides a very granular understanding on COVID-19 transmission and mortality in a rural population of sub-Saharan Africa and suggests that the disease burden in these areas may have been substantially underestimated.
A many-objective evolutionary algorithm with population preprocessing and projection distance-assisted elimination mechanism
Authors: Wei Li-sen , Li Er-chao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pareto dominance-based many-objective evolutionary algorithms (MaOEAs) face a significant challenge from many-objective problems (MaOPs). The selection pressure reduces as the number of objectives rises, while the non-dominated solution grows exponentially. Pareto dominance-based MaOEA increases the selection pressure by designing diversity-related environmental strategies. However, it still struggles to strike a good balance between population diversity and convergence. Moreover, the diversity-selection method increases the likelihood that dominance-resistant solutions (DRSs) will be chosen, which is detrimental to the performance of MaOEAs. To address the aforementioned problems, a many-objective optimization algorithm based on population preprocessing and projection distance-assisted elimination mechanism (PPEA) is proposed. In PPEA, first, the population preprocessing method is designed to lessen the negative impacts of DRSs. Second, to further improve the ability to balance population diversity and convergence of Pareto dominance-based MaOEAs, a projection distance-assisted elimination mechanism is proposed to remove the poorer individuals one by one until the population size satisfies the termination condition. The performance of PPEA was compared with seven excellent MaOEAs on a series of benchmark problems with 3–15 objectives and a real-world application problem. The experimental results indicate that PPEA is competitive and can effectively balance the diversity and convergence of the population when dealing with MaOPs.
A highly contiguous genome assembly for the pocket mouse Perognathus longimembris longimembris
Authors: Kozak Krzysztof M , Escalona Merly , Chumchim Noravit , Fairbairn Colin , Marimuthu Mohan P A , Nguyen Oanh , Sahasrabudhe Ruta , Seligmann William , Conroy Chris , Patton James L , Bowie Rauri C K , Nachman Michael W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The little pocket mouse, Perognathus longimembris, and its nine congeners are small heteromyid rodents found in arid and seasonally arid regions of Western North America. The genus is characterized by behavioral and physiological adaptations to dry and often harsh environments, including nocturnality, seasonal torpor, food caching, enhanced osmoregulation, and a well-developed sense of hearing. Here we present a genome assembly of Perognathus longimembris longimembris generated from PacBio HiFi long read and Omni-C chromatin-proximity sequencing as part of the California Conservation Genomics Project. The assembly has a length of 2.35 Gb, contig N50 of 11.6 Mb, scaffold N50 of 73.2 Mb, and includes 93.8% of the BUSCO Glires genes. Interspersed repetitive elements constitute 41.2% of the genome. A comparison with the highly endangered Pacific pocket mouse, P. l. pacificus, reveals broad synteny. These new resources will enable studies of local adaptation, genetic diversity, and conservation of threatened taxa.
Clinical characterization of patients with gBRCA1/2 mutation-positive unresectable pancreatic cancer: a multicenter prospective study
Authors: Kubo Tomohiro , Muramatsu Joji , Arihara Yohei , Murota Ayako , Ishikawa Kazuma , Yoshida Makoto , Nagashima Hiroyuki , Tamura Fumito , Ikeda Yuki , Usami Makoto , Ono Michihiro , Nakamura Hajime , Watanabe Daichi , Shibata Takanori , Kasahara Kaoru , Sakurai Akihiro , Takada Kohichi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated platinum-based chemotherapy followed by maintenance therapy with a poly Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose polymerase inhibitor (olaparib) show benefits in unresectable pancreatic cancer with a germline (g)BRCA1/2 mutation. Evaluation of the germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation is essential for making decisions on a treatment strategy for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. However, the detection rates of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and efficacy of maintenance with olaparib remain undetermined, prospectively, in Japan.

Methods & Results
In this prospective analysis, the rate of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and efficacy of chemotherapy were analyzed in 136 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent BRACAnalysis® (85 patients) or FoundationOne® CDx (51 patients) between January 2020 and July 2022. A total of six patients (4.4%) had a germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation. Five patients were treated with modified FOLFIRINOX and one with fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. All patients continued platinum-based chemotherapy for ˃4 months and were subsequently treated with olaparib as a maintenance therapy. The response rate to platinum-based chemotherapy in the germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation-positive group was significantly better than that of the germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation-negative group (66% vs 23%, P = 0.04). All patients harbouring a germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation were able to switch to olaparib. The median progression-free survival using olaparib was 5.7 months (range 3.0–9.2).

Conclusions
The rate of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations found in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer was comparable to those of previous studies.
An analysis of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations has benefits for all patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer with regard to decisions on therapeutic strategies in a clinical practice setting.
Phase retrieval of electron rocking curves using total variation and total squared variation regularizations
Authors: Shichi Akihiro , Ishizuka Hiroyuki , Saitoh Koh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, a new method for the phase retrieval of electron rocking curves observed using convergent-beam electron diffraction, which is applicable to the determination of three-dimensional lattice displacement fields along the beam direction, is proposed. Total variation and total squared variation regularizations are introduced for phase retrieval to suppress overfitting to noise or background signals in the rocking curves and to reproduce the sparse characteristics of displacement fields, which exist only near lattice defects. The results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for rocking curves modulated by the dynamical effect of electron diffraction. The accuracy of phase reconstruction using the proposed method is also discussed. Phase retrieval of the experimental rocking curves obtained from a stacking fault in stainless steel is demonstrated.
Individual-level home values and cancer mortality in a statewide registry
Authors: Zhu Alec , Rhodes Stephen , Dong Weichuan , Rose Johnie , Cullen Jennifer , Miller David B , Spratt Daniel E , Ponsky Lee , Shoag Daniel , Trapl Erika , Schumacher Fredrick , Penukonda Suhas , Brant Aaron , Strasser Mary O , Koroukian Siran M , Markt Sarah , Shoag Jonathan E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Prior work assessing disparities in cancer outcomes has relied on regional socioeconomic metrics. These metrics average data across many individuals, resulting in a loss of granularity and confounding with other regional factors.

Methods
Using patients’ addresses at the time of diagnosis from the Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System, we retrieved individual home price estimates from an online real estate marketplace. This individual-level estimate was compared with the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) at the census block group level. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the relationship between home price estimates and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality.

Results
A total of 667 277 patients in Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System were linked to individual home prices across 16 cancers. Increasing home prices, adjusted for age, stage at diagnosis, and ADI, were associated with a decrease in the hazard of all-cause and cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92 to 0.93, and HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.94 to 0.95, respectively). Following a cancer diagnosis, individuals with home prices 2 standard deviations above the mean had an estimated 10-year survival probability (7.8%, 95% CI = 7.2% to 8.3%) higher than those with home prices 2 standard deviations below the mean. The association between home price and mortality was substantially more prominent for patients living in less deprived census block groups (Pinteraction &lt; .001) than for those living in more deprived census block groups.

Conclusion
Higher individual home prices were associated with improved all-cause and cancer-specific mortality, even after accounting for regional measures of deprivation.
Beyond research as a dirty word? Searching for ethical and reflexive ways of doing research with and for migrant communities
Authors: Fiorito Tara 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
What do “white” migration researchers, such as myself, need to learn from over-researched (undocumented) migrant youth and indigenous communities that consider research a dirty word? And how do such assertions not lead to an impasse, but can actually enable scholars to conduct ethical and reflexive research that directly engages and benefits migrant communities throughout the research process? These are the central questions I seek to take up in this article by critically reflecting on my engaged research with undocumented migrant youth (activists) in Los Angeles and the Netherlands. Building on epistemological and ethical considerations and practices from participatory action research, co-creative research, and arts-based research, this article argues for four essential shifts in our modes of knowledge production, which are then empirically illustrated through a critical examination of my own research. These four shifts are: (1) a move from epistemic violence and injustice to epistemic justice, (2) a move from damage-centred to desire-based research, (3) a move from singular to comprehensive narratives, and (4) a move from extractavist to engaged research.
Selection on Visual Opsin Genes in Diurnal Neotropical Frogs and Loss of the SWS2 Opsin in Poison Frogs
Authors: Wan Yin Chen , Navarrete Méndez María José , O'Connell Lauren A , Uricchio Lawrence H , Roland Alexandre-Benoit , Maan Martine E , Ron Santiago R , Betancourth-Cundar Mileidy , Pie Marcio R , Howell Kimberly A , Richards-Zawacki Corinne L , Cummings Molly E , Cannatella David C , Santos Juan C , Tarvin Rebecca D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Amphibians are ideal for studying visual system evolution because their biphasic (aquatic and terrestrial) life history and ecological diversity expose them to a broad range of visual conditions. Here, we evaluate signatures of selection on visual opsin genes across Neotropical anurans and focus on three diurnal clades that are well-known for the concurrence of conspicuous colors and chemical defense (i.e., aposematism): poison frogs (Dendrobatidae), Harlequin toads (Bufonidae: Atelopus), and pumpkin toadlets (Brachycephalidae: Brachycephalus). We found evidence of positive selection on 44 amino acid sites in LWS, SWS1, SWS2, and RH1 opsin genes, of which one in LWS and two in RH1 have been previously identified as spectral tuning sites in other vertebrates. Given that anurans have mostly nocturnal habits, the patterns of selection revealed new sites that might be important in spectral tuning for frogs, potentially for adaptation to diurnal habits and for color-based intraspecific communication. Furthermore, we provide evidence that SWS2, normally expressed in rod cells in frogs and some salamanders, has likely been lost in the ancestor of Dendrobatidae, suggesting that under low-light levels, dendrobatids have inferior wavelength discrimination compared to other frogs. This loss might follow the origin of diurnal activity in dendrobatids and could have implications for their behavior. Our analyses show that assessments of opsin diversification in across taxa could expand our understanding of the role of sensory system evolution in ecological adaptation.
Tubular toxicity of proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Makhammajanov Zhalaliddin , Gaipov Abduzhappar , Myngbay Askhat , Bukasov Rostislav , Aljofan Mohamad , Kanbay Mehmet 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Proteinuria is a well-established biomarker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a risk predictor of associated disease outcomes. Proteinuria is also a driver of CKD progression toward end-stage kidney disease. Toxic effects of filtered proteins on proximal tubular epithelial cells enhance tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. The extent of protein toxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for tubular injury during proteinuria remain unclear. Nevertheless, albumin elicits its toxic effects when degraded and reabsorbed by proximal tubular epithelial cells. Overall, healthy kidneys excrete over 1000 individual proteins, which may be potentially harmful to proximal tubular epithelial cells when filtered and/or reabsorbed in excess. Proteinuria can cause kidney damage, inflammation and fibrosis by increasing reactive oxygen species, autophagy dysfunction, lysosomal membrane permeabilization, endoplasmic reticulum stress and complement activation. Here we summarize toxic proteins reported in proteinuria and the current understanding of molecular mechanisms of toxicity of proteins on proximal tubular epithelial cells leading to CKD progression.
Statin therapy and the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events after kidney transplantation
Authors: Nazoiri Charifa , Liabeuf Sophie , Brazier François , Nowak Alban , Bennis Youssef , Laville Solène M , Bodeau Sandra , Gras-Champel Valérie , Masmoudi Kamel , Choukroun Gabriel , Batteux Benjamin 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Statins are recommended in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs)—a population with a high risk of major cardiovascular (CV) events. However, the literature data on the effectiveness of statins in KTRs are sparse and inconclusive. The present study's objective was to evaluate the association between statin exposure and atherosclerotic CV events in KTRs and the biochemical effectiveness of statins on the lipid profile.

Methods
A total of 318 consecutive KTRs managed at a single center between 2006 and 2019 were retrospectively included. Those exposed to statins after transplantation were incident users. In all users, statins were indicated for primary CV prevention. Lipid profiles, the occurrence of any atherosclerotic CV events (stroke, myocardial infarction, other atherosclerotic CV events and atherosclerotic CV deaths) were documented comprehensively. We applied Cox models that included statin exposure as a time-dependent covariate fitted with time-varying inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to assess the effectiveness of statins on atherosclerotic CV events and on all CV events. We built linear mixed models to assess the biochemical effectiveness of statins.

Results
During a median (interquartile range) follow-up period of 6.0 (3.9–10.0) years, 27 atherosclerotic CV events occurred in 26 patients. In the Cox models fitted with time-varying IPTW, exposure to statins was not associated with a decrease in atherosclerotic CV events; the hazard ratio was 1.16 (95% confidence interval 0.53–2.53) (P = .700). In the linear mixed models, statin exposure was associated with significant decrease over time in triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (P &lt; .001). These results were consistent when stratified for the intensity of statin therapy.

Conclusion
Even though the lipid profile improved, statin exposure was not associated with a decrease in CV events in this real-life, single-center, retrospective, long-term follow-up study of a KTR cohort. Larger, controlled studies are needed to confirm or refute these results.