bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting as Erythromelalgia
Authors: Tarachandani Divya , Ingle Vaibhav , Singhal Kritika , Panda Smritimayee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Erythromelalgia (EM) is a characteristic triad of symptoms, including erythema, burning pain, and local rise of temperature. Secondary EM is associated with numerous systemic diseases and can be an initial clue to diagnose autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, we have reported a case of SLE with EM being a predominant presentation of SLE in the absence of any other classical clinical manifestations.
A Correlative Study of Serum Prolactin with the Severity of Liver Disease
Authors: Rao B. M. Aditi , Mahadevaiah Mahesh , Vanama Lakshman Sai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Liver cirrhosis is the most common outcome of liver parenchymal disease due to diferent causes. Disruption of the gonadalaxis and hormonal dysregulation is known in cirrhosis.There are only a few studies from the Indian subcontinent which use prolactin as a marker for liver disease and very few which evaluate prolactin in cirrhosis due to varied causes.

Aims and Objectives:
To correlate the levels of serum prolactin with child pugh score in the estimation of the severity of liver cirrhosis.

Methodology:
This was a cross sectional study done over a period of 18 months at a tertiary care centre in Mysore. 75 patients with chronic liver disease were included into the study by purposive sampling method. Complete hemogram, RFT, LFT, PT/INR and USG done on admission as part of routine work up of cases were utilised and Child Pugh score was calculated. Serum prolactin was estimated using chemiluminescence method and it was correlated with the Child Pugh class.

Results:
Serum prolactin levels were elevated in patients belonging to Child Pugh class C (mean prolactin 22.9 ng/ml).Prolactin levels were significantly higher in patients belonging to Child Pugh class C (p<0.001) and also those having raised MELD scores (p <0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation with increased prolactin levels and hepatic encephalopathy (P < 0.001). Higher prolactin levels on admission were associated with higher mortality (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
This study established a significant positive correlation between increased prolactin levels and severity of liver disease. Raised prolactin levels were also significantly associated with complications such as hepatic encephalopathy and mortality among the study participants.
To Assess the Occurrence and Causes of Sore Throat after Supraglottic Airway Device Use: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Kandavar Siri , Gayathri S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Postoperative sore throat (POST) is one of the most common complaints of patients in the postoperative period who underwent general anesthesia (GA). It can be caused by both supra and infraglottic airway devices. While infraglottic airway devices are well known to be a major cause of POST, it can also be seen in supraglottic airway devices (SGADs).

Aim:
The aim is to observe for sore throat following insertion of SGAD.

Study Design:
The study design involves prospective observational study.

Study Setting:
Justice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, NITTE (DU), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Materials and Methods:
Out of 105 patients who underwent GA with SGAD, incidence, and severity of POST were assessed at 1st h, 6th h, 12th h, 24th h, and 48th h postoperatively using the scoring system of Harding and McVey. Causes of POST were also determined in this study. The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
In this study, overall, 22.9% of POST was found in patients undergoing GA with SGAD, where the severity of POST was mild in 75% and moderate in 25%. Incidence and severity of POST both decreased with time postoperatively. Duration of SGAD in place and type of surgery were the two main causes associated with POST.

Conclusion:
There was a significant occurrence of POST following SGAD with mild-to-moderate severity. POST usually resolves by itself without the need for any treatment. Knowing the causes priorly may help us in being cautious about POST, and avoid patient discomfort postoperatively.
An In-depth Analysis of the Effects of Preheating Three Different Composite Resin Systems at Two Different Temperatures on Their Microhardness
Authors: Bhopatkar Jay , Ikhar Anuja , Nikhade Pradnya , Chandak Manoj , Agrawal Paridhi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Composite restorations often have inferior physical properties compared to natural enamel and dentin, leading to early failure. Preheating the traditional composite before its placement and curing seems to enhance all its physical characteristics magically. The objective of the current research was to assess the impact of preheating on the surface microhardness of commonly used composite resin materials, specifically FILTEK P60, FILTEK Z250XT, and Tetric-N-Ceram Bulk fill.

Materials and Methods:
The resin composite tubes were either left at the ambient room temperature (24°C ± 1°C) or preheated in a commercial preheating device to 50°C and 60°C for 40 min. By inserting uncured preheated composite resin into class II Mseio-Occluso-Distal (MOD) cavities with specifications of 2 ± 0.3 mm axial height, 2 ± 0.3 mm pulpal depth, parallel proximal walls with a 3 ± 0.3 mm buccolingual width, 1.5 ± 0.3 mm gingival width, and an occlusal isthmus width equal to one-third of the intercuspal distance from composite resin tubes, a total of 99 class II MOD cavities on premolars were established. Each specimen’s Vicker’s hardness number (VHN) was determined. The gathered information was examined utilizing a two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test with a significance threshold of 0.05.

Results:
When preheated to the temperatures of 50°C and 60°C, a remarkable rise in the mean Vickers hardness numbers (VHNs) of all the resin composites compared to those maintained at the room temperature (P < 0.05) was seen. The mean VHNs at the room temperature for FILTEK P60, FILTEK Z250XT, and Tetric-N-Ceram were 47.27 ± 9.08, 59.63 ± 1.56, and 75.69 ± 0.80, respectively, with a significant variation between all of them (P < 0.05). The mean VHNs were, respectively, 108.45 ± 2.42, 103.45 ± 1.29, and 113.00 ± 4.35 at 50°C, with a significant variation between them all. At 60°C, the mean VHNs were, respectively, 121.09 ± 1.30, 128.00 ± 0.89, and 135.00 ± 2.04, with a significant variation between all of them (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The surface microhardness of all investigated composite resins was greatly increased by preheating, with Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill showing the greatest value at a preheating temperature of 60°C.
Tissue Engineering in Maxillofacial Region from Past to Present
Authors: Beri Arushi , Pisulkar Sweta Kale , Bansod Akansha Vilas , Shrivastava Akshay , Jain Ritul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Tissue engineering is a branch of regenerative medicine that is frequently regarded as the most cutting-edge medical and surgical technology accessible today. Tissue engineering is used to repair or replace tissue damage caused by disease, injury, or surgery. Stem cells, signaling molecules, and scaffolds must be synthesized and integrated to create organs that imitate the tissues they replace. Tissue engineering in plastic surgery reduces the extent of surgical defects by incorporating mesenchymal tissue or bio-artificial body tissue, which can replace damaged tissue in the body without the need for subsequent intervention. With the introduction of three-dimensional printers for scaffold models and current tissue engineering technology to restore muscles, bones, and cartilage in the lab, tissue engineering is no longer limited to cells and tissues. Although these methods appear to be beneficial, their use is limited to large tissue development, which might cause significant problems. The purpose of this review is to inform readers on the current state of tissue engineering and reconstruction, as well as its limitations and future prospects.
Association of Tooth Loss Dementia and Cognitive Decline among the Older Adults of the West Godavari District – A Questionnaire Study
Authors: Paspuleti Swetha , Ponukupati Yasaswi , Ramesh K. S. V. , Manyam Ravikanth , Birajdar Smita , Salwaji Surpaja 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Teeth loss is a confounding factor that may have an impact on the early stages of dementia. It affects the nutritive, cognitive, and psychological aspects of the individual, which are getting major concerns, especially in older dwelling communities. Tooth loss, age, and systemic diseases have a complex relationship which has a considerable role in getting mild forms of dementia.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim is to find the most prevailing factors in the West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh state in association with tooth loss, dementia, and cognitive decline among the older dwelling community by using questionnaires concerning their nutritive, cognitive, and psychological aspects.

Materials and Methods:
A structured self-administered questionnaire was used modified versions of Mini Nutritional Assessment, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) to collect the nutritive, cognitive, and psychological aspects of tooth loss and distributed to 300 people Microsoft Excel (Microsoft) was used for data processing and data chart generation. International Business Machines (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0 (IBM Corp) was used to analyze the data.

Results:
The total study had an equal male-to-female ratio. Periodontal problems (72%), diabetes (15%), and caries (13%) were the most opted reason for tooth loss. Individuals who lost teeth more than 5 years ago showed considerable effects of malnourishment (7.1250 ± 1.68767), risk of cognitive decline (13.6452 ± 3.26890), and depression (6.1944 ± 1.90967). Individuals with systemic diseases, especially diabetes and hypertension, had shown severe signs of cognitive decline above the normal limits.

Conclusion:
This study found a link between reduced cognitive function and edentulism. To address the rising issue of dementia and cognitive impairment in our society, this study aims to highlight the value of proper dental cleanliness and care as one potential preventive approach, among many others. Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline are both made more likely by periodontal disease. Furthermore, this study found a significant prevalence of depression in older people, and it was associated with experiencing dry mouth during both MMSE and GDS assessments and tooth loss between assessments.
Management of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis with a Novel Herbal Approach: Case Series
Authors: Khasbage Suwarna Dangore , Tijare Dhanashri 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a quite common condition among the patients reporting to a dental clinic. As the etiology is multifactorial, the main focus of treatment modalities is toward the symptomatic relief and decrease in the duration of ulcer. A number of treatment options are available including synthetic medicines. However, it is well known that synthetic medicines are often associated with a number of side effects. The nature has provided enough substitutes for such chemicals in plants which possess abundant pharmacological properties. A number of herbs have been reported to have ulcer-healing properties. Among these, Jasminum grandiflorum is the one having a variety of therapeutic qualities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, wound healing, and anti-acne capabilities. Taking advantage of all these properties, the present article describes the therapeutic utility of J. grandiflorum in three cases of RAS which are successfully treated by a novel herbal approach either J. grandiflorum alone or with honey.
A Review on Topical Management of Melasma
Authors: Singh Riddhima , Maheshwari Praveen , Madke Bhushan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An upsurge in the cosmetics industry’s interest in finding new topical formulations for melasma management can be seen in recent years. We conducted a review of these agents along with their mechanism of action, safety profile, and strength of evidence. We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on topical agents for the treatment of melasma on October 17th, 2022, using the PRISMA guidelines. After the screening, we identified 56 original RCTs using hydroquinone (HQ) (liposomal delivered), azelaic acid, cysteamine, epidermal growth factor, lignin peroxidase, ascorbic acid, dioic acid, ellagic acid and arbutin, flutamide, triple-combination therapy, tranexamic acid (TXA), 4-n-butylresorcinol, glycolic acid, kojic acid, zinc sulfate, niacinamide, and natural agents such as Rumex occidentalis, Aloe vera, parsley, and mulberry extract were used for melasma. Triple-combination therapy continues to be the gold standard of care. Topical cysteamine and TXA are newer options that can be incorporated as adjuvant and maintenance treatment into a patient’s regimen. Newer formulations including natural agents have little or no known severe adverse effects. Evidence comparing other topical adjuvant treatments to HQ maintains its gold standard status.
Misoprostol versus Suction Evacuation in the Management of Patients with Incomplete Abortion: A Scoping Review
Authors: Sakharwade Rashmi , Bhalerao Anuja , Joshi Sulabha , Bhalerao Krutika 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Suction and evacuation may not always be a viable option when treating partial abortions, however medical management can be used in some cases. Hence, oral misoprostol is a good option, provided that women have access to information, skilled care, and follow-up. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of misoprostol with respect to Manual vacuum aspiration in the management of patients with incomplete abortion. To find pertinent research articles and gray literature on the topic, a scoping review using searches was conducted using the JBI Three-Step Approach. Ten papers from 2010 to 2022 were found in the PubMed and Embase databases. Data compiled from several earlier studies reveals that misoprostol is equally effective as suction and evacuation with, overall satisfaction with misoprostol is equal to that of suction and evacuation, but has demonstrated higher side effects. Its accessibility has also helped women from undergoing abortions by illegal and septic means. The scoping review’s conclusion is that oral misoprostol is a viable approach for managing incomplete abortions. There is a requirement for numerous researchers to carry out in rural and urban areas. Medical methods can avoid surgery and surgery-related danger, and the cost of management can be decreased.
Management of a Complicated Crown-root Fracture in Maxillary Anterior Teeth through a Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Hasija Mukesh Kumar , Tamrakar Amit Kumar , Meena Babita , Mallick Rizwana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The treatment of dental traumas, particularly complicated crown-root fractures, can be intricate and necessitate a precise diagnostic and treatment plan. The optimal treatment strategy depends on factors such as the severity of the fracture, the tooth’s position, and the patient’s dental health. It is essential to consider the benefits and drawbacks of each option carefully and select the most appropriate treatment based on the patient’s individual needs and circumstances. Keeping in mind the best conservative approach, the chosen treatment for the current case, which involved a complicated fracture of the crown and root of a central incisor as seen in cone-beam computed tomography images, involved an orthodontic extrusion followed by placement of a permanent crown.
Is parental rating of child’s oral health associated with caries experience in children? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hakeem Faisal F , Hammudah Hassan A , Masoudi Abdulmajid A , Habeeb Abdulsamad T , Aljohani Rola M , Almutairi Shahad N 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
The Parents’ view to the oral health of their children is a significant factor that can impact oral health practices and behaviors. The aim of this research was to investigate how parental assessment of their child’s oral health associates with caries experience in children receiving dental treatment at the hospital of Taibah University Dental College.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study enrolled 127 children who underwent dental treatment at Taibah University Dental College and Hospital during 2020-2021. Dental caries experience was assessed using the dmft/DMFT index, and parental rating of oral health was obtained through a questionnaire. Three logistic regression models were used to assess the correlation between dental caries experience and parental rating of oral health while controlling for sociodemographic and behavioral factors.

Results:
Most parents rated the oral health of their child as good (60.4%), followed by excellent (18.8%) and very good (15.6%). The mean dmft/DMFT score was 3.47 ± 3.46, with 43.8% of children having high/very high dental caries experience. Logistic regression analysis showed that children whose parents rated their oral health as poor were more likely to have high/very high dental caries experience compared to those rated as excellent/very good/good/fair (adjusted odds ratio = 4.45, 95% confidence interval 1.23-16.07).

Conclusion:
This study suggests a link between parental assessment of their child’s oral health and an elevated prevalence of dental caries in children. The study found that children whose parents rated their oral health as suboptimal had higher odds of having high dental caries experience. These findings emphasize the significance of parental perception of their child’s oral health and suggest a necessity for customized interventions to enhance parental knowledge and practices concerning children’s oral health.
A randomized cross-over trial of behavior guidance techniques on children with special needs during dental treatment: The caregivers’ perceived mannerisms
Authors: Ismail Norsaima , Isa Khairil Anuar Md , Hamzah Siti Hajar , Mokhtar Ilham Wan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
To compare caregivers’ acceptance, consent, and concern toward utilization of a combination of basic behavior guidance technique (CBBGT) and Papoose Board (PB) for their special needs children and to evaluate the impact of PB usage on the caregiver’s attitude and the association between their education level, monthly household income, and previous dental experience.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-over study incorporated 90 special needs children who were recruited to receive dental treatment with two ways of behavior guidance exposures consecutively in the order of A-B/B-A design. Exposure A is CBBGT (distraction, tell-show-do, and positive reinforcement), while Exposure B is PB. The dental procedures were either dental prophylaxis or restoration with a handpiece. Caregivers need to answer a paper-based questionnaire before and after exposure. The Wilcoxon sign rank test and logistic regression were utilized in order to establish the comparability, impacts, and association.

Result:
About 88 caregivers of special needs children aged between 2 and 15 years completed the sequence. Overall, 98.9% of the children presented with neurodevelopmental disorders. Twenty-seven caregivers were significantly concerned when the combination of basic BGT was applied to their children, and 14 caregivers felt the same for PB. However, the Wilcoxon sign rank test revealed insignificant caregiver scores on acceptance and consent for both methods but significantly improved attitudes towards the use of PB after observing the placement of their children.

Conclusion:
The studied caregiver demonstrated equivalent acceptance, consent, and concern toward the use of PB and a combination of basic BGT with improved attitudes after comprehensive explanation and real-time observation of PB usage during their children’s dental treatment.
Association of Endogenous Hormones and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: García-Alfaro Pascual , García Sandra , Rodriguez Ignacio , Pascual Maria Angela , Pérez-López Faustino R. 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study was to examine the association between endogenous hormones and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study of 798 postmenopausal women aged 47–85 years. Data were collected on age, age at menopause, years since menopause, smoking status, body mass index, adiposity, BMD, physical activity, and Vitamin D supplementation. Measured hormonal parameters were: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, ∆4-androstenedione, cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-1, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and parathormone (PTH) levels. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A directed acyclic graph was used to select potential confounding variables.

Results:
Multivariable analysis showed significant associations between cortisol and femoral neck BMD (β: −0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.03–−0.00), and PTH with femoral neck BMD (β: −0.01, 95% CI: −0.02–−0.01) and total hip BMD (β: −0.01, 95% CI: −0.01–−0.00). Hormonal factors more likely associated with a higher risk of low BMD (osteopenia or osteoporosis) were FSH (odds ratio [OR]: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03) and PTH (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04).

Conclusions:
Higher cortisol and PTH levels were inversely associated with BMD. Postmenopausal women with higher FSH or PTH levels were likely to have low BMD.
Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells by Cell Block Technique in Malignant Tumors
Authors: Vijay Jahnvi , Kumar B Deepak , Murthy V Srinivasa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and is a major cause of morbidity. To deal with this magnitude of cancers and their diagnostic and prognostics, a multitude of prognostic biomarkers for various cancers have been explored over the decades, with detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood being one of them. This study was undertaken to explore the routine procedure of cell block in the cytopathology lab to isolate and detect CTCs.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 112 peripheral blood samples sent for routine blood investigations of various cancer patients were utilized for the preparation of cell block. The sections from the cell block were stained routinely and evaluated for the presence of CTCs. The statistical analysis was done using Mac Statplus software version 8.0.

Results:
The malignancies were tabulated as per the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third edition (ICD-O-3). The maximum number of cases were from C 50 (breast) - 41/112 (36.6%), followed by C15–C26 (Digestive organs) - 19/112 (16.9%), and C00–C14 (lip, oral cavity, and pharynx) - 18/112 (16.07%) cases. CTC was detected in six (5.35%) out of 112 cases, out of which three were from the breast and one each from category C6.9 (mouth), C32.0 (glottis), and C53.8 (cervix uteri).

Conclusion:
Among various advanced and molecular techniques available for the detection of CTCs, the cell block technique proves to be one of the effective methods, especially in resource-limited settings as these can further be utilized for additional diagnostic techniques similar to the ones employed for routine paraffin blocks.