bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Summa theologiae on Eucharistic Sacrifice
Authors: Lynch, O.P. Reginald M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The first chapter of this book traces the connection between the concepts of sacrifice and the Eucharist primarily in the Tertia pars of Aquinas’ Summa theologiae, beginning with Christ’s sacrifice and working toward Aquinas’ understanding of the Eucharist in light of this. Secondarily, relevant material from the Prima secundae and the Secunda secundae are studied as well. In light of the overall focus of the book, as a starting point for this investigation this first chapter provides important information about the texts of Aquinas themselves, charting the way in which Aquinas articulates the relationship between the concept of sacrifice and the Eucharist in the Summa. Subsequent chapters, which study the reception of Aquinas on these subjects, rely on the background that this first chapter provides.
Cajetan and the Catholic Reformation
Authors: Lynch, O.P. Reginald M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The second chapter studies the initial development of Catholic approaches to Eucharistic sacrifice in the first decades of the sixteenth century, focusing on the contribution of Thomas de Vio Cajetan. In analyzing Cajetan’s thought, his commentary on the Summa, his treatise on the sacrifice of the Mass, and relevant sections from his biblical commentaries are examined in chronological order. In light of the focus of the overall book, chapter two conveys important aspects of the initial history of the Catholic response to the Protestant Reformers that contribute to a broader understanding of the context in which aspects of Aquinas’ teaching were initially received in Catholic circles, and those other hermeneutical responses to the Reformation (such as biblical criticism) that played an important role in Catholic theology at this time. Additionally, this chapter also shows that several decades after Cajetan’s death, his approach to Eucharistic sacrifice strongly influenced the teaching of the Council of Trent on the sacrificial character of the Mass.
Communities of Rhythm
Authors: Marcus Laura 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rudolf Steiner and Émile Jaques-Dalcroze are fundamental to this book’s understanding of the rhythmic subject. This chapter uncovers key influences on their understandings of Lebensreform, including writing by Georg Simmel, Karl Bücher, Hugo Münsterberg, and Ludwig Klages on industrial efficiency and its damaging effects on work rhythms, as well as Nietzsche’s endeavours to restore ‘the art of life as dance’. Where Steiner was fascinated by early silent film, Russian theatre, and the Diaghilev ballet, Dalcroze also worked with large-scale architectonic dance performances and spectacle in the context of a utopian garden-city environment that attracted visitors from all over the world. Steiner’s influence is shown extending to the dancer Isadora Duncan, the painter Kandinsky, and through the philosophy of flow, to Rilke, Proust, and Brecht, and key theorists of modernism—Warburg, Benjamin, Adorno, and Rancière.
Vital Rhythms
Authors: Marcus Laura 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter charts the second of the two complementary British modernist groups for whom rhythm provided a vocabulary, even a grammar, for the contemporary arts and painting. Despite shared preoccupations the two groups diverged. The chapter focuses on Roger Fry and Virginia Woolf, who in very different ways associated rhythm with the unconscious. It also explores their pre-1913 precursors: the Orientalist Lawrence Binyon and his circle. All these writers were in some form influenced by ideas of rhythmic patterning of the unconscious, dreams, the hypnogogic, and hyperaesthesia. Chanting and rhythmical speech were explored by Yeats and Pound, for whom rhythm comes before words: drawing on influences including Noh theatre, they helped create new rhythmic forms of visionary poetry and theatre. Detailed readings of Woolf’s writing show her incorporating polyrhythmic experience into the narrative texture of her work.
The American Rhythm
Authors: Marcus Laura 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In writings about rhythm in the United States in the early decades of the twentieth century, rhythm is explicitly racialized. White writers and artists, notably Mary Austin, were fascinated by what they identified as the ‘indigenous, primordial rhythm of the land’, especially in the Southwest regions, a primal source of power to which they considered Native American people to have a special and defining connection. They felt that in the earthy, slow rhythm there was potential for a kind of national renewal, ridding American culture of the degeneracy of an overly sophisticated, artificial, or ‘nervous’ metropolitan culture. In Taos, New Mexico, Mabel Dodge Luhan’s artists’ colony hosted some of the most important modernist artists of twentieth-century America, including Georgia O’Keeffe, Ansel Adams, Marsden Hartley, and D. H. Lawrence.
Introduction
Authors: Stark Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The introduction contends that the long-standing ‘Dowson Legend’, a pseudo-critical agglomeration of myths that present the author as a drunkard, a debauchee, and a latent paedophile, and which was once responsible for his considerable reputation and notoriety, now results in the serious neglect of his writing. Attending, instead, to the aesthetical self-fashioning that Dowson and his contemporaries habitually engage in, which fuses his life and work into a seamless whole, a continuous vie romancée; and to his intertextual, self-similar, and essentially collaborative poesis; we can better grasp the complex reticulations of Dowson’s life and art. His specific logic of late Romantic inspiration, which simulates intimate encounters with female alterity and typically centres on adolescent women—what I term Dowson’s Decadent museology—is both a function and expression of these ceaseless arrangements of life, best understood in relation to the prevailing milieu of experimental aestheticism at the Victorian fin de siècle.
The All-Absorbing Subject
Authors: Stark Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
While it is nonsensical to speak of him as an eminent Catholic poet, Chapter 3 argues that Dowson is nevertheless an exemplary confessional poet and that—like Newman and the other Decadent converts Newman inspired—Dowson’s conversion came to last a lifetime. Like all good conversion narratives, Dowson’s has an inauspicious beginning: he was tolerant of, but personally indisposed to, Roman Catholicism throughout his youth. Influenced by Charles Sayle, Lionel Johnson, members of his extended family, and the Foltinowiczes, however, Dowson resolved to be received at the Brompton Oratory, in a gesture of aesthetic affiliation as well as religious surrender. His letters best illustrate the reactionary impetus and political context of this undertaking. Dowson’s confessional lyrics—especially ‘Nuns of the Perpetual Adoration’, written on the eve of Lent 1891—are crucial testimonies to his personal submission, but they also demonstrate the basically liturgical configuration of his accomplished lyrical style.
Dowson’s Lunatic Asylum
Authors: Stark Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 5 discusses Dowson’s symbolist turn, concentrating upon his adoption of lunar symbolism in a series of lyrics from the middle of 1891, and his only short play. Prompted by traditional associations linking ‘the lunatic, the lover, and the Poet’; by Pater’s essays, which henceforth become the most elemental atmosphere of his thought; by his deepening engagement with the works of Verlaine; and by the tribulations of fellow Rhymer, John Evelyn Barlas, Dowson began to scrutinize the situation of the Decadent artist in ‘To One in Bedlam’, before presenting a substantial exposition in his extended lyrical ‘phantasy’. Commissioned by sometime-Rhymer William Theodore Peters, The Pierrot of the Minute is a satirical rejoinder to the kind of ‘æsthetic poetry’ wrought upon the paralyzing epistemological basis of Pater’s withdrawn conclusion to The Renaissance. Enstraitened within this zone of aestheticized minutiae, the poet’s Pierrotic diminishment must necessarily follow, Dowson contends, presciently.
The Judicial System of Russia
Authors: Hendley Kathryn , Solomon, Jr. Peter H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This book examines the courts of the Russian Federation under President Putin, how they work in practice, and what shapes the behaviour of its judges. It stresses the dual nature of a judicial system, where ordinary cases are mostly handled fairly but where cases of interest to powerful persons are subject to influence—a common situation in authoritarian states. The authors trace the origins of some contemporary practices to the Soviet past but also identify novelties. They pay attention to the struggles of reformers to make the courts fairer and more efficient, along with the measures taken to ensure that judges conform to the expectations of their political masters. This means dealing with the evolution of judicial governance, including the selection, promotion, and disciplining of judges. In studying the operation of the courts, the authors take a socio-legal approach, emphasizing how different players (petitioners, respondents, lawyers, prosecutors, accused, judges) behave and why. They deal with justices of the peace through to the Supreme and Constitutional Courts and detail the handling of civil disputes, criminal cases, business disputes, administrative justice (claims against state officials), and constitutional matters. They also examine the relation of the public to the courts, including its readiness to litigate disputes despite generally negative views of the courts. This analysis is as up to date as possible, including both the Constitutional Amendments of 2020 and developments relating to the first months of the 2022 war in Ukraine.
Legacies from the Past
Authors: Hendley Kathryn , Solomon Peter H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter explains how developments in the late Tsarist era and the years of Soviet rule helped to shape the court system that exists in the Russian Federation today. On the one hand, the ups and downs of, and limits on, judicial independence and power in both eras foreshadowed similar tensions in the twenty-first century. On the other hand, particular legal institutions, such as trial by jury and justices of the peace, and ways of organizing the judiciary would become component parts of the administration of justice under Putin. The chapter starts with analysis of the courts created by the Judicial Reform of 1864 that were designed to provide fair and independent adjudication within an autocratic political order, an experiment that led inevitably to clashes between the courts and the Tsarist regime and, in turn, to counter-reform measures. The chapter goes on to explore the Soviet struggle to make judges competent as well as loyal to the regime, culminating in the creation, after the Second World War, of a European-style judicial bureaucracy and an elaborate method of evaluating judges through quantitative indicators. For both periods, it also explores the limits of judicial power, including the jurisdiction of courts over administrative justice and commercial and constitutional matters.
Public Attitudes towards Courts and the Use of Courts
Authors: Hendley Kathryn , Solomon Peter H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 5 challenges the conventional wisdom about societal attitudes towards courts in Russia. Trust in the Russian courts, as measured by public opinion polls, remains low. Yet, this lack of trust has not discouraged the use of the courts. When efforts at resolving problems informally fail, Russians have proven willing to turn to the courts for assistance. The caseload data show a steady increase in the number of cases filed in the post-Soviet era. Surveys of court users document their general satisfaction; they mostly feel as though they have been treated fairly and that judges have relied on the law in reaching their decisions. The tendency of judges to handle cases expeditiously and the relatively low cost of using the courts likely affects both Russians’ willingness to use the courts and the positive assessments of their experiences. Even so, court veterans tend to be more distrustful of courts than are those who have never been to court.
Constitutional and Administrative Justice
Authors: Hendley Kathryn , Solomon Peter H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 11 examines constitutional and administrative justice in the Russian Federation, stressing the adjustments and compromises made by the Russian Constitutional Court (RCC) that facilitated its survival in an authoritarian state. This chapter starts with a portrait of the RCC in the Yeltsin years and goes on to explain the efforts of President Putin to assert increasing control over it and the Court’s pragmatic response to its difficult position. This meant consistently delivering to the regime the decisions it desired in cases that mattered to it, while giving priority to legal and constitutional considerations in other cases. The chapter goes on to discuss the changing relationship of the RCC to the European Court of Human Rights and how the constitutional and legal changes of 2020 may distort the RCC’s role. Finally, we discuss the progress of administrative justice in Russia, and conclude with thoughts about the ways that constitutional justice is joining administrative justice in helping authorities to identify and fix anomalies without threats to the system.
Recording, Documenting, Identifying (1800–1914)
Authors: Goltermann Svenja 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores how the treatment of soldiers’ deaths changed from the early 19th century to the 20th century and the key reasons for this shift. By the time of World War I, identifying the dead had become the norm. The chapter traces the different factors that contributed to this development: It shows, first, that claims and practices for recording, documenting, and identifying the dead began to develop at the end of the 18th century in law, government, and medicine. The chapter argues that these developments were fundamental to the emergence of a public expectation that the state would provide information about the fate of its soldiers. Second, the chapter shows that the impetus for identifying the dead by name was not driven primarily by humanitarian concerns. More critical were bureaucratic regulations rooted in changing inheritance laws, along with medical research into hygiene to curtail ‘avoidable’ deaths and sustain national military prowess. The practice of calling someone a “victim” only gradually became more widespread, as part of a critique of governments for their perceived failure to provide soldiers with adequate medical care. Notably, even at the onset of the 20th century, commemorations of the dead were predominantly framed in terms of sacrifice rather than victimhood.
Wounded Bodies and the Battle for Recognition (1914–1945)
Authors: Goltermann Svenja 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter addresses the relationship between new welfare state benefits and the increasing diversification of victim attributions since the early 20th century. It argues that the expansion of the figure of the victim in this period was closely linked to a struggle for social rights. Those who were disabled in World War I were involved in this struggle for rights, as can be seen in a variety of sources. It also becomes apparent, however, that even a mutilated body did not automatically define a veteran as a victim of the war. Even those disabled in World War I were anything but committed to describing themselves as such, or eager to do so, since claims upon the state were still widely legitimized by emphasising active sacrifice. The chapter discusses how this changed after World War I. Particular attention is paid to medical doctrine, which often differed considerably from former soldiers’ expectations regarding the compensation they deserved for their suffering. This chapter argues that these conflicts provided an important starting point for some veterans to consider themselves victims of the war or victims of the state. This trend only intensified after World War II, not least because of the enormous number of injured civilians. Most importantly, this change led to an expansion of the attribution of victimhood to include not only the dead, but also the living.
Text, Liturgy, and Music in the Hispanic Rite
Authors: Carrillo Raquel Rojo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Hispanic rite, a medieval non-Roman Western liturgy, was practiced across the Iberian Peninsula for over half a millennium and functioned as the most distinct marker of Christian identity in this region. As Christians typically began every liturgical day throughout the year by singing a vespertinus, this chant genre in particular provides a unique window into the cultural and religious life of medieval Iberia. The Hispanic rite has the largest corpus of extant manuscripts of all non-Roman liturgies in the West, which testifies to the importance placed on their transmission through political and cultural upheavals. Its chants, however, use a notational system that lacks clear specification of pitch and has kept them barred from in-depth study. Text, Liturgy and Music in the Hispanic Rite is the first detailed analysis of the interactions between textual, liturgical, and musical variables across the entire extant repertoire of a chant genre central to the Hispanic rite, the vespertinus. By approaching the vespertini through a holistic methodology that integrates liturgy, melody, and text, author Raquel Rojo Carrillo identifies the genre's norms and traces the different shapes it adopts across the liturgical year and on different occasions. In this way, the book offers an unprecedented insight into the liturgical edifice of the Hispanic rite and the daily experience of Christians in medieval Iberia.
#LetUsWorship
Authors: Payne Leah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 8 explores how, in the post-Obama years, white evangelicals proved that they were not dead, as voters or as consumers. The days of Contemporary Christian Music (CCM) artists as powerful “tools of evangelism,” however, were mostly in the past. The coalition of media makers, parachurch organizations, conservative white Protestant denominations, and other evangelical institutions that built the discreet world of Christian music was in precipitous decline. The worship-music industry rose, as CCM declined, and conservative white evangelicals found worship anthems for political protest in the age of Donald J. Trump. Trump’s affinity with the transnational Charismatic worship-celebrity set enhanced his popularity in white evangelical circles in the United States. In the wake of Trump’s 2020 loss, his Pentecostal and Charismatic admirers brought their worship songs of spiritual warfare and end-times fervor to the United States Capitol.
Introduction
Authors: Limerick Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
How are state institutions and Indigenous languages remade in eras of greater inclusivity and multiculturalism? And, what is it like to serve as a state agent in the very offices and institutions that previously sought to assimilate Indigenous peoples and denied them state recognition? This chapter introduces the book’s argument that the state’s recognition of Indigenous languages and bilingual education is double-edged. It spells out major themes of the book, such as how multilingual communication constitutes political strategy and control; how colonial reproduction both occurs with and is contested by linguistic recognition, which risks the making of Kichwa more like Spanish; and how linguistic anthropology can contribute to conversations on multiculturalism, state power, and a politics of recognition. The chapter also presents the ethnographic, historical, and linguistic methods of research, linking together sites in which state-sanctioned Kichwa ideologies and uses converge and differ. It concludes with a book outline.
The Intercultural Era
Authors: Limerick Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
How did Indigenous pueblos and nationalities succeed in establishing intercultural bilingual education in Ecuador? Much research on the rise of social movements in Ecuador, and elsewhere in the Americas, focuses on mobilizations and protest. This chapter reflects on such strategies in combination with the use of metalinguistic labor to make communication, cultural emblems, and people relatable to others in positions of higher authority. It traces the history of the school system in relation to other state agents and non-governmental actors and shows that inclusion in the state apparatus entailed demonstrating state-sanctioned forms of language use, literacy, and democracy. This chapter also compares the case of Kichwa in Ecuador with bilingual education in Bolivia to better understand how and why the Ecuadorian case became so special.
Employment as Professionals
Authors: Limerick Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
What does it mean to become a professional? And how does schooling affect the pathways of members of Indigenous pueblos and nationalities? This chapter begins with educational and life histories of two bilingual education directors who worked in the National Directorate. It shows the vast odds that many professionals have overcome in completing their schooling and how early years of work involved organizing, unpaid labor, racist disdain, and assimilation efforts, including demands to stop speaking Kichwa and to become “less Indigenous.” Their lives demonstrate the determination and complexity behind political struggle and economic stability. The chapter then examines frustrations about intercultural bilingual education through the words of planners and teachers. At the heart of these criticisms is that many Kichwa speakers decry professionalism as somewhat individualistic, even as they may seek a similar pathway for their children as a means to a better life.
Conclusions
Authors: Limerick Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
How do colonial ideologies, practices, and hierarchies “shape” activities like planning and teaching? This conclusion sheds light on this long-standing question in social theory by revisiting how the norms of state institutions influence those who pass through them, including communicative practices. The chapter reviews the double binds encountered while serving as national-level state agents, crafting a national standardized variety of Kichwa, and teaching Indigenous languages in schools, and considers possibilities for “undoing” those double binds. It also weaves together comparisons with how people have worked through and against state institutions throughout the Americas and elaborates implications for current efforts to confront state power and for Indigenous language revitalization. The comparisons especially focus on bilingual education in Mexico and Peru. The chapter ends with an epilogue of recent events related to mobilizations, presidential policies, and a return to “autonomy” for the bilingual school system.