bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in the inflamed microcirculation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor–deficient mice
Authors: Gregory Julia L. , Leech Michelle T. , David John R. , Yang Yuan H. , Dacumos April , Hickey Michael J. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractObjectiveMacrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine with established roles in a range of inflammatory conditions. However, it is not known whether MIF influences inflammation via the direct promotion of leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions. Therefore, the aim of these experiments was to investigate the ability of MIF to regulate leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in the inflamed microvasculature.MethodsIntravital microscopy was used to examine postcapillary venules in the cremaster muscle and synovium of wild‐type and MIF−/− mice. Leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions (rolling, adhesion, emigration) were compared under a range of inflammatory conditions.ResultsIn cremasteric postcapillary venules of MIF−/− mice, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and emigration were significantly reduced relative to that in wild‐type mice. Similar responses were observed in response to tumor necrosis factor α and histamine. Examination of the synovial microvasculature following exposure to carrageenan revealed that leukocyte rolling and adhesion in synovial postcapillary venules and leukocyte entry into the joint space were also reduced significantly in MIF−/− mice. In each of these models, the level of P‐selectin–dependent rolling was reduced in MIF−/− mice. Despite this, no difference in P‐selectin expression was observed following LPS treatment. However, microvascular shear forces were elevated in MIF−/− mice, raising a possible mechanism to explain the reduced interactions in these animals.ConclusionMIF−/− mice consistently displayed a reduction in P‐selectin–dependent rolling, suggesting that MIF exerts proinflammatory effects, in part, via the promotion of P‐selectin–mediated rolling. Together, these data indicate that MIF promotes interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells, thereby enhancing the entry of leukocytes into sites of inflammation.
Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid fibroblasts express TRAIL‐R2 (DR5) that is functionally active
Authors: Miranda‐Carús María‐Eugenia , Balsa Alejandro , Benito‐Miguel Marta , de Ayala Carlos Pérez , Martín‐Mola Emilio 
Published: September 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo examine fibroblasts grown from the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients for TRAIL‐R2 expression, and for susceptibility to apoptosis induced by an agonistic anti–TRAIL‐R2 monoclonal antibody (mAb).MethodsThe expression of TRAIL‐R2 (DR5) was determined by flow cytometry on fibroblasts grown from the synovial fluid of patients with RA, osteoarthritis (OA), seronegative arthritis, and unclassified monarthritis or oligoarthritis, and on fibroblasts from the synovial membrane of RA and OA patients. Susceptibility to apoptosis mediated by an agonistic anti–TRAIL‐R2 mAb was determined by alamar blue bioassay, fluorescence microscopy (annexin V/propidium iodide staining), and caspase activation.ResultsFibroblasts grew from 35 of 50 RA synovial fluid samples, of which 26 were DR5+ (mean [±SD] fluorescence intensity [MFI] 18.74 ± 2.5). Fibroblasts also grew from 15 of 30 seronegative arthritis synovial fluid samples, 28 of 40 OA synovial fluid samples, and 8 of 20 unclassified monarthritis or oligoarthritis synovial fluid samples; all of these were DR5− (MFI 0.32 ± 0.02). All 10 of the fibroblast lines from joint replacement surgery or synovectomy specimens of RA patients were DR5+ (MFI 20.3 ± 3.2). All fibroblast lines from the synovium of 10 OA patients were DR5−, as were fibroblasts from the skin of 5 healthy subjects. DR5+ fibroblast cultures underwent apoptosis when treated in vitro with an agonistic anti‐DR5 antibody.ConclusionFibroblasts grown from the synovial fluid and synovial membrane of RA patients express TRAIL‐R2 that is functionally active. An agonistic anti–TRAIL‐R2 antibody that does not induce hepatocyte toxicity may be an alternative strategy for treatment of RA.
Enhanced neutrophil extravasation and rapid progression of proteoglycan‐induced arthritis in TSG‐6–knockout mice
Authors: Szántó Sándor , Bárdos Tamás , Gál István , Glant Tibor T. , Mikecz Katalin 
Published: September 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo gain insight into the mechanisms of the antiinflammatory effect of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)–induced protein 6 (Tnfip6) in arthritis, using Tnfip6‐deficient animals.MethodsTNFα‐stimulated gene 6 (TSG‐6) coding for Tnfip6 was disrupted. Tnfip6‐deficient mice were backcrossed into proteoglycan‐induced arthritis (PGIA)–susceptible BALB/c mice, and arthritis was induced by systemic immunization with cartilage proteoglycan (PG). Thioglycollate‐induced sterile peritonitis was also assessed, to monitor the early events of neutrophil extravasation in wild‐type and Tnfip6‐deficient mice in the presence or absence of treatment with recombinant murine Tnfip6.ResultsThe onset of PGIA was similar, but progression and severity were significantly greater, in Tnfip6‐deficient mice compared with wild‐type BALB/c mice. However, this was not associated with enhanced T or B cell responses to cartilage PGs, but rather, an early and more extensive infiltration of the synovium with neutrophil leukocytes was the most prominent histopathologic feature of PGIA in Tnfip6‐deficient mice. This was accompanied by elevated serum levels of interleukin‐6 and amyloid A, and significantly increased activities of the enzymes plasmin, myeloperoxidase, and neutrophil elastase in the inflamed paw joints of Tnfip6‐null mice, when compared with that of the wild‐type littermates. Loss of control over several components of inflammation resulted in extensive and rapid cartilage degradation, bone erosion, joint ankylosis, and deformities in Tnfip6‐null animals. In support of the antiinflammatory effect of Tnfip6 via the inhibition of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell efflux, neutrophil invasion during thioglycollate‐induced peritonitis was 2‐fold higher in Tnfip6‐deficient animals than in wild‐type animals, but was dramatically suppressed by intravenous injection of recombinant murine Tnfip6.ConclusionTnfip6 is a multifunctional antiinflammatory protein that is produced at the site of inflammation and can be retained by the hyaluronan‐rich extracellular matrix. A major effect of Tnfip6 is the inhibition of the extravasation of PMN cells, predominantly neutrophils, into the site of inflammation, most likely via a CD44/hyaluronan/Tnfip6‐mediated blocking mechanism.
The next generation of NWP: explicit forecasts of convection using the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model
Authors: Done James , Davis Christopher A. , Weisman Morris 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe performance of daily convection forecasts from 13 May to 9 July 2003 using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model is investigated. Although forecasts using 10‐km grid spacing and parameterized convection are not lacking in prediction of convective rainfall, fully explicit forecasts with a 4‐km grid spacing more often predict identifiable mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) that correspond to observed systems in time and space. Furthermore, the explicit forecasts more accurately predict the number of MCSs daily and type of organization (termed convective system mode). The explicit treatment of convection in NWP does not necessarily provide a better point specific‐forecast, but rather a more accurate depiction of the physics of convective systems. Copyright © 2004 Royal Meteorological Society
Geostatistical assessment of HadCM3 simulations via NCEP reanalyses over Europe
Authors: Lucio P. S. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThis article attempts to quantify the spatial uncertainties associated with extreme temperature's response, by assessing extremes derived from climate model data. This is undertaken by a comparison of the spatial pattern of a long‐term time‐series aggregation (1960/61–1989/90) for extreme temperatures simulated by a particular GCM (HadCM3) to that of NCEP Reanalyses, which are considered as ‘truth’, over the MICE (Modelling the Impact of Climate Extremes—EU Project) spatial domain. Since evaluation of models is crucial to assessing future scenarios, the aim of this study is to investigate whether the extreme values predicted by the HadCM3 climate model can simulate those produced by NCEP Reanalyses, assuming that the extremes of both models are realisations of the same spatial stochastic process. To get more useful information about the uncertainties surrounding spatial climate projection, one also has to analyse the pattern of temperature extremes in terms of their anomalies. A common technical issue in the assessment of numerical spatial models is based on the geostatistical interpolation by kriging with the residual analysis. This methodology is very important and useful for guiding an evolutionary statistical model‐building process. This study leads to the conclusion that the HadCM3 Simulations do not realistically reproduce the NCEP Reanalyses, despite the fact that the climatology of extremes has demonstrated very similar spatial patterns. It is likely therefore that such instability may persist in the future. Copyright © 2004 Royal Meteorological Society
Omphalocele and gastroschisis: Black‐white disparity in infant survival
Authors: Salihu Hamisu M. , Aliyu Zakari Y. , Pierre‐Louis Bosny J. , Obuseh Francis A. , Druschel Charlotte M. , Kirby Russell S. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDRacial/ethnic variations in the occurrence of abdominal wall defects have been previously noted but it remains poorly understood whether race/ethnicity is a determinant of survival among affected infants.METHODSStudy was conducted on cases of gastroschisis and omphalocele recorded for the years 1983‐1999 at the New York Congenital Malformation Registry. Adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratios were generated from a Proportional Hazards Regression model to compare survival among affected Blacks, Hispanics and Whites. The major end point of analysis was differences in all cause mortality among infants with abdominal wall birth defects across different racial/ethnic groups.RESULTSAmong the three racial/ethnic groups, 1481 infants were diagnosed with either omphalocele (978 or 66%) or gastroschisis (503 or 34%). Overall infant mortality rate (IMR) was 182 per 1000, with 74% of the deaths occurring within the first 28 days of life. Omphalocele infants had significantly higher infant mortality (IMR = 215 per 1000) than infants with gastroschisis (IMR = 118 per 1000)[p < 0.0001]. Overall, Black infants with abdominal wall defects had lower mortality indices than Whites and Hispanics. However, when considered as separate disease entities, Black infants were twice as likely to survive as compared to Whites if they had omphalocele [Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) = 0.52; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.37‐0.74], and twice as likely to die as Whites if they had gastroschisis instead (AHR = 2.23; 95% CI = 1.16‐4.28). For both defect subtypes, Hispanics have risks for infant mortality comparable to Whites.CONCLUSIONSThe natural history of omphalocele and gastroschisis co‐varies with race. Black infants with gastroschisis have worse survival outcomes while those with omphalocele have better chances of survival than their White or Hispanic counterparts. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 70:586–591, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrostatic interaction between RNA and protein capsid in cowpea chlorotic mottle virus simulated by a coarse‐grain RNA model and a Monte Carlo approach
Authors: Zhang Deqiang , Konecny Robert , Baker Nathan A. , McCammon J. Andrew 
Published: September 2004

AbstractAlthough many viruses have been crystallized and the protein capsid structures have been determined by x‐ray crystallography, the nucleic acids often cannot be resolved. This is especially true for RNA viruses. The lack of information about the conformation of DNA/RNA greatly hinders our understanding of the assembly mechanism of various viruses. Here we combine a coarse‐grain model and a Monte Carlo method to simulate the distribution of viral RNA inside the capsid of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus. Our results show that there is very strong interaction between the N‐terminal residues of the capsid proteins, which are highly positive charged, and the viral RNA. Without these residues, the binding energy disfavors the binding of RNA by the capsid. The RNA forms a shell close to the capsid with the highest densities associated with the capsid dimers. These high‐density regions are connected to each other in the shape of a continuous net of triangles. The overall icosahedral shape of the net overlaps with the capsid subunit icosahedral organization. Medium density of RNA is found under the pentamers of the capsid. These findings are consistent with experimental observations. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers, 2004
Genetic Organization of the Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for the Antitumor Angucycline Oviedomycin in Streptomyces antibioticus ATCC 11891
Authors: Lombó Felipe , Braña Alfredo F. , Salas José A. , Méndez Carmen 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe oviedomycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces antibioticus ATCC 11891 has been sequenced and characterized. It contains all the necessary genes for oviedomycin biosynthesis, together with several genes for the generation of malonyl‐CoA extender units. Production of this unusual angucyclinone in its natural host occurs only in solid cultures in parallel with aerial mycelium and spore formation. A mutant that did not produce oviedomycin was generated by disruption of the β‐ketoacyl synthase gene ovmK. No other physiological process in the mutant appears to be affected; this rules out a direct relationship between oviedomycin production and cell differentiation in S. antibioticus.
Unstable Operation in an Acetaldehyde Purification Tower
Authors: Abdolahi F. , Vatani A. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThere are many reasons, such as an inappropriate control system, improper hydraulic design, and operational faults, which can make a tower unstable. In this case, with the aid of simulation and checks on the control system, it has been confirmed using the foaming test that instability is due to foaming in the system. The method described in this article can be used for any separation system with instability problems.
Enhancement of the Solubilization Capacity of Water in Triton X‐100/Cyclohexane/Water System by Compressed Gases
Authors: Shen Dong , Zhang Rui , Han Buxing , Dong Yu , Wu Weize , Zhang Jianling , Li Junchun , Jiang Tao , Liu Zhimin 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe effect of compressed CO2 and ethylene on the properties of Triton X‐100/cyclohexane/water systems was studied at different temperatures and pressures. Surprisingly, it was discovered that the compressed gases had the functions of co‐surfactants. At suitable pressures, the water‐to‐surfactant molar ratio (W0) was enhanced significantly by the dissolution of the gas in the solution. The microenvironment in the reverse micelles was investigated by UV‐visible spectroscopy by using methyl orange (MO) as a probe. The influence of n‐hexane, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, H2C2O4, and CaCl2 at various concentrations on the solubilization of water in the absence of compressed gases was also investigated in order to obtain some information about the mechanism of the interesting phenomenon. This new route to stabilize reverse micelles may have potential applications to other similar systems. Moreover, the results of this work provide some useful information to get insight into the mechanism of co‐surfactants, because a conventional co‐surfactant usually contains both polar group and hydrocarbon chain, and it is very difficult to clarify the functions these two groups, while the gases used in this work are small nonpolar molecules, which solely have the function of the hydrocarbon chain in a co‐surfactant.
The Mechanism of Formation of Amide‐Based Interlocked Compounds: Prediction of a New Rotaxane‐Forming Motif
Authors: Leigh David A. , Venturini Alessandro , Wilson Andrew J. , Wong Jenny K. Y. , Zerbetto Francesco 
Published: September 2004

AbstractMolecular modeling of four different reagent systems shows that the (free) energies of supramolecular interactions in the gas phase and in solution can explain the different reaction products (i.e., various sized macrocycles, catenanes, and linear oligomers) that are formed in classic amide‐catenane‐forming reactions. Self‐assembly of the catenanes requires the formation of ordered intertwined chains and is driven by bifurcated hydrogen bonds, with π stacking only playing a lesser role. The understanding gained from the computational study was used to predict the possibility of a new rotaxane‐forming system that does not permit catenane formation. The predictions were confirmed by the successful synthesis and characterization (including X‐ray crystallography) of two novel rotaxanes.
Packing Motifs and Magneto‐Structural Correlations in Crystal Structures of Metallo‐Tetrakis(1,2,5‐thiadiazole)porphyrazine Series, MTTDPz (M=H2, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn)
Authors: Suzuki Yosuke , Fujimori Masato , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Awaga Kunio 
Published: September 2004

AbstractSingle crystals of tetrakis(thiadiazole)porphyrazine and the corresponding metal(II) derivatives, MTTDPz (M=H2, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) were grown by sublimation under reduced pressure with continuous N2 gas flow. Their structures, obtained by X‐ray crystallographic analysis, depend significantly on the central metal ion, and the M=Ni and Cu derivatives exhibit polymorphism. They can be classified into three forms, α, β, and γ. The α form (M=H2, Ni, and Cu) is composed of two‐dimensional hexagonal close packing formed by side‐by‐side contacts between thiadiazole rings, whereas the β form (M=Fe, Co, and Zn) crystallizes into a one‐dimensional coordination polymer. The γ form (M=Ni and Cu) consists of a ladder structure caused by π stacking, similar to the β form of phthalocyanine, and by side‐by‐side contacts between thiadiazole rings. Although the crystal structures of the MTTDPz series exhibited multi‐dimensional network structures, magnetic measurements revealed relatively weak exchange interactions, probably reflecting the long distances between the metal ions.
Yb2+3‐xPd12‐3+xP7 (x = 0.40): Different Ytterbium Species in a Substituted Structural Motif of the Zr2Fe12P7 Type.
Authors: Budnyk S. , Prots Yu. , Schmidt M. , Schnelle W. , Kuz'ma Yu. , Grin Yu. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ca2[BN2]H: The First Nitridoborate Hydride — Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Vibrational Spectra.
Authors: Somer Mehmet , Yaren Oezlem , Reckeweg Olaf , Prots Yurii , Carrillo‐Cabrera Wilder 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Towards Flexible Inorganic “Mesomaterials”: One‐Pot Low Temperature Synthesis of Mesostructured Nanocrystalline Titania.
Authors: Haseloh Soenke , Choi Sung Yeung , Mamak Marc , Coombs Neil , Petrov Srebri , Chopra Naveen , Ozin Geoffrey A. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Copper(I) Thiolate Catalysts in Asymmetric Conjugate Addition Reactions.
Authors: Arink Anne M. , Braam Thijs W. , Keeris Roy , Jastrzebski Johann T. B. H. , Benhaim Cyril , Rosset Stephane , Alexakis Alexandre , van Koten Gerard 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Intramolecular C—N Bond Formation Reactions Catalyzed by Ruthenium Porphyrins: Amidation of Sulfamate Esters and Aziridination of Unsaturated Sulfonamides.
Authors: Liang Jiang‐Lin , Yuan Shi‐Xue , Huang Jie‐Sheng , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactivity of [1]Benzopyrano[4,3‐c][1,5]benzodiazepin‐7(8H)‐ones Towards Some N‐Binucleophiles.
Authors: Trimeche Belsem , Gharbi Rafik , El Houla Souhir , Martin Marie‐Therese , Nuzillard J. M. , Mighri Zine 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ionic Liquid‐Accelerated N‐Arylation of Benzoazoles with Diaryliodonium Salts, an Efficient Method for the Synthesis of N‐Aryl Azoles.
Authors: Wang Feng‐Yan , Chen Zhen‐Chu , Zheng Qin‐Guo 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dibromomethane as One‐Carbon Source in Organic Synthesis: A Versatile Methodology to Prepare the Cyclic and Acyclic α‐Methylene or α‐Keto Acid Derivatives from the Corresponding Terminal Alkenes.
Authors: Hon Yung‐Son , Liu Yu‐Wei , Hsieh Cheng‐Han 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Pharmacophore‐Based Search, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Anthranilic Amides as Novel Blockers of the Kv1.5 Channel.
Authors: Peukert Stefan , Brendel Joachim , Pirard Bernard , Struebing Carsten , Kleemann Heinz‐Werner , Boehme Thomas , Hemmerle Horst 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryls by Nickel‐Catalyzed Grignard Cross‐Coupling of Dibenzothiophenes.
Authors: Cho Yong‐Hwan , Kina Asato , Shimada Toyoshi , Hayashi Tamio 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Selectfluor and Deoxo‐Fluor‐Mediated Rearrangements. New 5(6)‐Methyl and Phenyl Methanopyrrolidine Alcohols and Fluorides.
Authors: Krow Grant R. , Lin Guoliang , Moore Keith P. , Thomas Andrew M. , DeBrosse Charles , Ross Charles W. III , Ramjit Harri G. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Highly Branched Sulfur—Nitrogen Heterocycles by Cascade Cycloadditions of [1,2]Dithiolo[1,4]thiazines and [1,2]Dithiolopyrroles.
Authors: Barriga Susana , Fuertes Pedro , Marcos Carlos F. , Torroba Tomas 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Diastereoselectivity‐Switchable and Highly Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrones to Alkylidene Malonates.
Authors: Huang Zheng‐Zheng , Kang Yan‐Biao , Zhou Jian , Ye Meng‐Chun , Tang Yong 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Optically Active α,β‐Unsaturated Triazolyl Alcohols via Asymmetric NaBH4 Reduction of the Corresponding Ketones.
Authors: Zhou Zhenghong , Tang Yilong , Wang Lixin , Zhao Guofeng , Zhou Qilin , Tang Chuchi 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
SAR Study of a Subtype Selective Allosteric Potentiator of Metabotropic Glutamate 2 Receptor, N‐(4‐Phenoxyphenyl)‐N‐(3‐pyridinylmethyl)ethanesulfonamide.
Authors: Barda David A. , Wang Zhao‐Qing , Britton Thomas C. , Henry Steven S. , Jagdmann G. Erik , Coleman Darrell S. , Johnson Michael P. , Andis Sherri L. , Schoepp Darryle D. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of (4S*,5S*)‐Diphenyl‐1,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐2H‐[1]benzopyrano [4,3‐d]pyrimidine‐2‐thiones by Base‐Catalyzed Cyclocondensation of (E)‐3‐Benzylideneflavanones with Thiourea, and Determination of Their Monoacetylation Site.
Authors: Mallik Asok K. , Chattopadhyay Falguni , Dey Dilip Kumar , Patra Amarendra , Elmali Ayhan 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 2‐Oxo‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3,2‐d][1,5]benzoxazepines: A Kind of Novel Tricyclic O,N‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Li Zheng , Wang Quanrui , Tao Fenggang 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
CAN Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Amino Phosphonates from Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Ravinder K. , Reddy A. Vijender , Krishnaiah P. , Venkataramana G. , Reddy V. L. Niranjan , Venkateswarlu Y. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.