bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain and anxiety control for the conscious dental patient
Authors: Meechan John G , Robb Nigel D , Seymour Robin A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The perception of pain in the mind of dental patients is a significant deterrant to regular dental attendence by manycontrol of this pain and anxiety is therefore a treatment issue which is central to the clinical practice of dentistry. This textbook covers both local anaesthesia and sedation comprehensively, and provides practical instructions for the dental student. It provides a theoretical framework based on the anatomy, physiology and pharmacology of pain and anxiety control Pain and anxiety control for the concious dental patient provides comprehensive coverage of pain and anxiety management for concious dental patients; covers the control of operative, perioperative and post-operative pain in dentistry; describes all aspects of local anaesthesia and sedation in dentistry; provides a rational approach to the prescription of drugs; practical guidance and instruction on techniques; over 150 photographs and 50 line diagrams. This book covers local anaesthesia including inhalational, intravenous sedation, control of post-operative pain, management of non-dental oro-facial pain and management of medical emergencies related to pain control. It is timely - for example, the teaching of sedation in dental schools is an issue currently being pushed by GDC (1996) Chaps 6 & 9 are unique (Basic principles of dental local anaesthetic injections and Intraligamentary, intra-osseous and intrapulpalanaesthesia)
Congenital muscular dystrophies
Authors: Mercuri Eugenio , Muntoni Francesco 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The clinical diversity of CMD is suggested by the different degrees of motor develop- mental delay, physical disability and muscle pathology, and by the variable presence of mental retardation. Most of the efforts aimed at delineating and subdividing the various CMD forms have originated from the International Consortium on CMD, that, under he auspices of the European Neuromuscular Centre (ENMC), has convened six dedicated workshops, whose proceedings have been published in Neuromuscular Disorders (Dubowitz 1994; 1997; 1999; Dubowitz and Fardeau 1995; Muntoni and Guicheney 2001). The classification proposed in this chapter, that takes into account the recent advances in the molecular genetic studies, is largely a reflection of the data presented at these workshops.
The Truth about Fractions
Authors: Higgins Peter M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mathematicians are not as fond of calculators as you might expect. Computers and calculators were of course invented and developed by mathematicians and engineers and are extremely useful, so why are we, at best, ambivalent towards them? The reason is that calculators are not much use when it comes to understanding the nuts and bolts of arithmetic, and they can act to replace thinking rather than stimulate t. Their widespread use in mathematics lessons can undermine learning. This fact has now been recognized in education and their indiscriminate use has been curtailed.
Nineteenth-Century Concert Life
Authors: Wollenberg Susan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Concert life in nineteenth-century Oxford reflected the unprecedented development of the colleges as centres of musical activity and resources, as Maurice in 1856 indicated, commenting on the growth of instrumental music-making Music has found an entrance within the walls of all our colleges, and the number of our students who can play upon some instrument, and have some knowledge of Music, is very considerable … We can recollect that, whereas some thirty years ago there were pianofortes to be found in scarcely half a dozen colleges throughout the whole university … now many a single college may count as many or more within its own walls, to say nothing of other instruments in great variety … ’
Personalities: Bishop, Ouseley, Stainer, Parry, Parratt, and Allen
Authors: Wollenberg Susan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sir Henry Bishop’s comparatively brief spell as Professor of Music at Oxford (1848-55) following Crotch’s incumbency has traditionally been regarded as unsatisfactory. Thewlis crossed out his original assessment ‘was little more than a charlatan’ and substituted ‘but an indifferent musician’, summing him up as ‘an indefatigable arranger of other men’s work’.’ Such descriptions fail to do justice to the range of Bishop’s abilities, the development of his career, and the effect of his personal circumstances.
Resisting Representation
Authors: Scarry Elaine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This collection of essays displays Elaine Scarry’s concern with problematics of representation as exemplified in literary texts that deal with such concepts as work, pain, time, and the cosmos. Through her readings of texts by Thomas Hardy, Samuel Beckett, Boethius, William Thackeray, and others, Scarry demonstrates the difficulties and the complexities of the ways in which language and imagery attempt, and fail, to make present some aspect of the `real’.
Guerrilla versus Grassroots
Authors: Boyle Deirdre 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The video underground’s first encounter with broadcast television—an adolescent confrontation with a patriarch—proved disastrous. Despite the underground’s dictum that “VT is not TV,” they had jumped at the opportunity of having their work broadcast. They had tasted the power of television: they had had money to burn, engineers to command, state-of-the-art equipment to experiment with, and the prospect of audiences in the millions. And they had blown it. Furious over their expulsion from the Garden, the video underground vigorously rejected “beast television” and entered a period of disarray and notoriety.
Beyond Nationalism
Authors: Deak Istvan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
István Deák examines the Habsburg officer corps and the way in which it became the foremost preserver of the multi-ethnic Austro-Hungarian empire from the mid-nineteeth century to the empire's defeat in 1918. The officer corps was an important cohesive force in the empire, for it created a unified and loyal army from recruits representing all the different nationalities and ethnic groups of Austro-Hungary. The policies, character, social structure, and self-image of the Habsburg army have been neglected in the extensive literature on the origins of the First World War. Deák provides the most comprehensive social and cultural portrait to date of this important institution.
Running To Paradise
Authors: Rosenthal M L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Running to Paradise, M.L. Rosenthal, hailed by the Times Literary Supplement as “one of the most important critics of twentieth-century poetry,” leads us through the lyric poetry and poetic drama of our century’s greatest poet in English. His readings shed new, vivid light on Yeats’s daring uses of tradition, his love poetry, and the way he faced the often tragic realities of revolution and civil war. Running to Paradise describes Yeat’s whole effort--sometimes leavened by wild humor--to convey, with high poetic integrity, his passionate sense of his own life and of his chaotic era. Himself a noted poet, Rosenthal stresses Yeats’s artistry and psychological candor. The book ranges from his early exquisite lyrical poems and folklore-rooted plays, through the tougher-minded, more confessional mature work (including the sublime achievement of The Tower), and then to the sometimes “mad” yet often brilliant tragic or comic writing of his last years. Quoting extensively from Yeats, Rosenthal charts the gathering force with which the poet confronted his major life-issues: his art’s demands, his persistent but hopeless love for one woman, the complexities of marriage to another woman at age 52, and his distress during Ireland’s “Troubles.” Yeats’s deep absorption in female sensibility, in the cycles of history and human thought, and in supernaturalism and “the dead” comes strongly into play as well.
The Book of Revelation
Authors: Thompson Leonard L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this important new study, Thompson examines the literary and linguistic characteristics of the Book of Revelation and analyses their relationship to the situation of the Asian Christians to whom the Book is addressed. Using both literary and archaeological sources, he reconstructs the social and political conditions of life in the province of Asia under the emperor Domitian at the end of the first century AD and attempts to determine the place of Christians and Jews in that social setting. In this way he is able to situate the text in its true context and shed new light upon its intended meaning.
“Sister vnto Astrofell,”
Authors: Hannay Margaret P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the months immediately after Sir Philip’s death, he was publicly mourned in England and by the Continental Protestants who had looked to him as their future leader. Popular ballads celebrated his martial prowess, and four collections of elegies issued by Cambridge, Oxford, and the University of Leiden bemoaned his loss.1 Several contemporary accounts of the battle were published, including those by George Whetstone, Sir Philip Sidney (1587), based on information supplied by his brother Bernard, who had fought at Zutphen; by Edmund Molineux, in Raphael Holinshed’s Chronicles (1587); and by Henry Archer, in John Stow’s Anna/es (1592).
Placing Poor Susan: Wordsworth and the New Historicism
Authors: Manning Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The New Historicism has invigorated the study of English romantic poetry, renewing our sense of the depth, particularity, and strength of the poets’ engagement with their world, and underwriting a healthily critical engagement with their values. But the approach has perils too, chiefly those of restricting the meanings of the poetic text to the generalized ideological matrix to which it is declared to belong. One might avoid these pitfalls by recognizing that the historical situation of the text can only be reached along the treacherous, badly signposted byways of representation, and taking the circuitous route such recognition implies.
Pure Consciousness and Indian Buddhism
Authors: Griffiths Paul J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There has been a good deal of discussion in the philosophical journals recently about the possibility of a special type of consciousness.1 This special kind of consciousness is called, variously, pure consciousness, unmediated consciousness, contentless consciousness, and so forth. Much of the debate has taken place in response to Steven Katz’s attempt to show that such consciousness-which he calls pure unmediated experience (1978:26)-neither logically can nor as a matter of fact does occur.
Contemporary Epistemology and the Study of Mysticism
Authors: Rothberg Donald 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What epistemologies and methodologies help us to understand the phenomena of mysticism? How do these epistemologies and methodologies clarify some aspects of these phenomena while obscuring or occluding other aspects? When we investigate mystical traditions, how and where do we look? Do we look only where we think there is more light to see? In this essay I would like to help open up these questions more by focusing especially on the limits of one influential contemporary approach, which emphasizes study of the contexts of mysticism-the core texts, practices, social relations, and historical traditions out of which a given form of mysticism develops-and the way that mystical experience is, at least in part, constructed on the basis of a particular background context. Such an approach has been recently developed in two collections of essays edited by Steven T. Katz. I will, following others in this volume, identify this approach as constructivism (although it is important to note that there are other contemporary variants of constructivism with differing assumptions).
On the Possibility of Pure Consciousness
Authors: Woodhouse Mark B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Throughout recorded history and across major cultural and religious barriers many persons have claimed to have, had experiences of “pure” consciousness, that is, of a consciousness free of content and intention. Major spiritual traditions are built in significant ways around the existence of these experiences and the desirability of achieving them. Yet many philosophical and scientific traditions, especially in the West, deny not only their existence, but also their possibility. Consciousness often is conceived in ways that rule out the possibility of a pure state on a priori grounds. My purpose in this essay is to show that there are no logical or, to a lesser extent, phenomenological considerations that rule out the existence of pure consciousness.
The Social Nature of Play fighting and Play Chasing: Mechanisms and Strategies Underlying Cooperation and Compromise
Authors: Boulton Michael J , Smith Peter K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Play is a widespread behavior in the young of most mammalian species. It is a noticeable feature of behavior in primates, and although there are important within- and between-species differences in the actual forms of play behaviors, it very often appears as play fighting and play chasing, collectively known as rough-and-tumble (r/t). Rough-and-tumble will be the main focus of attention in this chapter, although how it may be related to some other types of social play will also be discussed.
Introduction
Authors: Gagnier Regenia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Subjectivities: A History of Self-Representation is a comparative analysis of subjectivity and value across social class and gender in nineteenth-and early twentieth-century Britain. I have attempted a cultural and material analysis of Victorian subjectivity-of what it was like to be a Victorian gentleman, lady, midwife, carpenter, mudlark, barrister, or nurse. In doing this I have simultaneously asked questions of value: What are the varieties of human desire? What is the nature of the society that can pro vide for such desires? And what kind of subjectivities have we today valued? Developing from my own disciplinary situation, the study has also evolved as a critique (an examination of the scope and limits) of the kind of subjectivity we have valued in imaginative literature. I view the completed project as a historical study of possible subjects, of human possibilities in antagonism and participation. My texts, or primary sources, are hundreds of autobiographical works by women and men from early nine teenth-through early twentieth-century Britain with a predominant focus upon the Victorian period. The “self-representation” of the title, then, refers literally to autobiography and more broadly to an axiology of the self: the systems of values, expectations, and constraints that come into play when one represents oneself to others in the concrete circumstances of daily life.
Subjectivity, the Body, and Material Culture
Authors: Gagnier Regenia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In “A Manifesto for Cyborgs,” Donna Haraway signals three boundary breakdowns causing considerable stress in late twentieth-century life, in which the meaning of life-that is, of the word life-is part of the stress.1 These boundary breakdowns are between the human and animal, the human/animal and machine, and, a subset of the second, the physical and nonphysical. Biology and evolutionary theory have claimed that human and nonhuman animals share language, tool use, and social behavior, and that nothing really convincingly settles their separation; advocates of animal rights have repudiated the need for such a separation. The distinction between organism and machine has disappeared with organicism in postmodern life: precybernetic machines were not self-moving, self-designing, or autonomous, says Haraway, adding that they were not selves at all, but only a caricature, like Frankenstein’s monster, of the masculinist reproductive dream.
The Study of Works: A Phenomenological Approach to Understanding Children as Thinkers and Learners (coauthor: Patricia F. Carini)
Authors: Himley Margaret 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Founded in 1965, the Prospect School in North Bennington, Vermont, is a small independent school from kindergarten through eighth grade, located in a sprawling nineteenth-century lodge on a large wooded lot. It is an inviting place, different from the scenes of learning I have known. The small interconnecting rooms and alcoves-filled with scattered tables and chairs, used clothing for drama, papier-mache dinosaurs, books, children’s artwork of all kinds, maps, charts, and aquariumsspread out in labyrinthine ways across all three stories. Sunlight and the smells of drying paint, paste, and old wood flood through the cluttered rooms.
The Effects of Prompts on Revision: A Glimpse of the Gap Between Planning and Performance
Authors: Peck Wayne C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One way of viewing the findings of this study is to picture yourself as a teacher confronted with seventy-two revisions of a previous writing assignment. How does one begin? What assumptions do we, as teachers, bring to a revision assignment? Do our assumptions match those of our students? This study addresses these questions and makes two observations regarding how students in college revised a written assignment. First, the writers we observed demonstrated different levels of "metacognitive" awareness and control (Brown, 1985) over the revision process.
Medical and Artistic Vision
Authors: Almeida Hermione De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the Anatomy of Melancholy when speaking of the need for the patient’s trust in his physician and the physician’s confidence in his cure, Burton proposes that “the form of health is contained in the Physician’s mind.”‘ Romantic physicians also speculated similarly, but they did so without confidence in any theoretical system of medicine and without firm belief in any ideal of health.
Evolution of Mind
Authors: Almeida Hermione De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is the eternal law “That first in beauty should be first in might,” Oceanus says in Hyperion (11, 229). But what is beauty? The sea-god’s conjunction of the concept of comparative perfection in the species common to Romantic evolutionary thought with a more diffuse but no less comparative concept of aesthetic ascendancy avoids a fixed definition of beauty; it nevertheless carries important and specific reverberations for the meaning of power and perception in Keats. To the equation of fresh perfection with “a power more strong in beauty” in Hyperion belongs, as we shall see, a larger Keatsian equation of intensity and “fairness”-in life as in art.
Divorce Lawyers and Their Clients
Authors: Sarat Austin , Felstiner William L F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Each year more than 2 million Americans divorced, and most of them use a lawyer. In closed-door conversations between lawyers and their clients strategy is planned, tactics are devised, and the emotional climate of the divorce is established. Do lawyers contribute to the pain and emotional difficulty of divorce by escalating demands and encouraging unreasonable behavior? Do they take advantage of clients at a time of emotional difficulty? Can and should clients trust their lawyers to look out for their welfare and advance their long-term interests? Austin Sarat and William L.F. Felstiner’s new book, based on a pioneering and intensive study of actual conferences between divorce lawyers and their clients, provides an unprecedented behind-the-scenes description of the lawyer-client relationship, and calls into question much of the conventional wisdom about what divorce lawyers actually do. Divorce Lawyers and Their Clients suggests that most divorces are marked less by a pattern of aggressive advocacy than by one of inaction and drift. It uncovers reasons why lawyers find divorce practice frustrating and difficult and why clients frequently feel dissatisfied with their lawyers. This new work provides a unique perspective on the dynamics of professionalism. It charts the complex and shifting ways lawyers and clients “negotiate” their relationship as they work out the strategy and tactics of divorce. Sarat and Felstiner show how both lawyers and clients are able to draw on resources of power to set the agenda of their interaction, while neither one is fully in charge. Rather, power shifts between the two parties; where it is achieved, power is found in the ability to have one’s understandings of the social and legal worlds of divorce accepted. Power then works through the creation of shared meanings. Divorce Lawyers and Their Clients examines the effort to create such shared meanings about the nature of marriage and why marriages fail, the operation of the legal process, and the best way to bring divorces to closure. It will be fascinating reading for anyone who is going through, or has gone through a divorce, as well as for lawyers, judges, and scholars of law and society.
Demands, Defenses, and Distinctions
Authors: Smith Jeffery A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Eighteenth-century conflicts over freedom of the press were, of course, not confined to broad, philosophical questions. As the larger issues were being debated, lesser, more technical matters of libel law became perennial topics among journalists and lawyers and at times entangled and overshadowed basic libertarian principles. The crude Blackstonian distinction between the liberty and licentiousness of the press–labeled “sophistry” in Madison’s Address–was easy to disdain, but difficult to reject altogether. Madison and other defenders of the press repeated the contention of Cato’s Letters that some degree of abuse was inevitable and was, in fact, inseparable from the exercise of freedom. Nevertheless, few conceived of the press as completely free. Although libertarians slashed away at the law of seditious libel, they also advocated safeguards for private reputation.
Miss Miles or A Tale of Yorkshire Life 60 Years Ago
Authors: Taylor Mary , Murray Janet H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Elizabeth Gaskell’s seminal biography The Life of Charlotte Brontë, Gaskell makes extensive use of Charlotte’s correspondence with her closest friend, known to readers of that work simply as `Dear M.’ ‘M.’ was later identified as Mary Taylor, whom Charlotte met as a teenager at boarding school (the school used as the model for ‘Lowood’ in Jane Eyre) with whom she remained friends for life. It was Mary Taylor who inspired Charlotte to leave her oppressive parsonage home and go off to school in Brussels and, again, who came to her rescue when that adventure went sour and Charlotte was paralysed by her unrequited love for her language teacher. Mary herself led a much less restricted life. She horrified her friends by teaching at a boys’ school in Germany and then by setting off for New Zealand with her younger brother in order to earn her own living. She eventually became a feminist essayist, urging women to work to support themselves as their ‘first duty,’ and she chided her friend Charlotte as a ‘coward and a traitor’ for not being equally clear-headed about the debilitating effects of economic dependancy. In Miss Miles, her only novel, she breaks with tradition by producing a work which depicts women’s friendships as sustaining life and sanity in oppressive situations as well as introducing an innovative narrative form which Janet Murray calls a ‘feminist bildungsroman’: the story of the education of several heroines, emphasizing their friendship and their economic and mental well-being rather than their love-lives.