bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of overflow effects on flow‐induced stress in injection molding
Authors: Lu Zhili , Ma Ruixue , Ma Jialu , Cao Wei , Huang Qingwei , Zhang Shixun , Shen Changyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOverflow is usually used to keep fluid continuously flowing to avoid the fluid from changing flow direction and subsequently inducing large stresses. To explore the mechanism of flow‐induced stress evolution, a flow model was established in terms of compressible, non‐isothermal, and viscoelastic flow. Based on the Leonov model and the mid‐plane approach, a pseudo‐Poisson type equation for pressure was derived to decouple the interdependence between velocity and pressure. To improve computational efficiency, a numerical approach involving double iterations was proposed to solve the flow problem. Two kinds of mold cavities, with and without overflow, were designed and manufactured. Molding experiments were conducted, and corresponding simulations based on the proposed model and algorithm were performed. The results show that the simulated contours of flow‐induced stress are in good agreement with the photoelastic streaks. The use of overflow can significantly reduce flow‐induced stresses. If the slot thickness is set to a proper value, the flow‐induced stress can be reduced by more than 80%. On the other hand, a slot that is too thick does not have significant reducing effects. Therefore, using overflow to reduce flow‐induced stresses during transparent part production is a promising approach if the material cost is worthy of the quality.Highlights
A double iteration method is proposed for viscoelastic flow problem.
Overflow can reduce the stress as much as 80% if the dimension is properly set.
The simulated stress streaks are in good agreement with photoelasticities.
A comparison of energy expenditure and perceived exertion between standard axillary crutches, knee scooters, and a hands‐free crutch
Authors: Canter Dillon J. , Canter Daniel J. , Reidy Paul T. , Finucan Timothy P. , Timmerman Kyle L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmbulation using standard axillary crutches (SACs) is associated with increased energy expenditure (EE) and decreased ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). Using a hands‐free crutch (HFC) displays potential for easier completion of ADLs and reduction in energy requirements.ObjectivesTo determine if a HFC elicits lower EE and heart rate (HR), improvement in performance of ADLs, and decreased rating of perceived exertion (RPE) compared to common ambulatory devices.DesignA randomized crossover‐controlled trial.SettingUniversity community.ParticipantsTwenty healthy college students.Main Outcome MeasuresParticipants completed a 6‐minute walk test at 50 m/min, an ADLs course, and a two‐flight stair climb with SACs, HFC, knee scooter (KS), and unassisted ambulation (UA). The order of trial conditions was randomized. EE, HR, time to complete ADLs course and stair climb, and RPE during each condition were obtained. One‐way analyses of variance were performed to compare EE, HR response, and RPE between the assistive devices and UA.ResultsIn all outcomes UA resulted in lower EE, HR, and RPE compared to all the assistive devices (p < .05). For the ADLs course, EE was the same for the three assistive devices, whereas HR was significantly lower for HFC compared to SACs and KS (p < .05). RPE for HFC and KS was lower than SACs (p < .05). For the 6MWT, each device significantly differed from the other devices for EE, HR, and RPE, with KS eliciting the lowest values, followed by HFC. For the stair climbing task, HFC elicited lower EE, HR, and RPE than SACs. Fourteen participants indicated their overall preference for HFCs.ConclusionsIn individuals prescribed weight‐bearing restrictions, using a HFC may offer an easier and more preferred alternative to more commonly used SACs during ambulation, stair climbing, and other ADLs.
The lived experiences of hematology healthcare providers during and beyond the COVID‐19 crisis: A qualitative study
Authors: Zomerdijk Nienke , Jongenelis Michelle I. , Collins Ben , Short Camille E. , Huntley Kathryn , Smith Andrew , Turner Jane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveAmid the COVID‐19 pandemic, healthcare providers (HCPs) of hematology patients face unique challenges due to the vulnerability of their patients. This study explores the lived experiences of these providers during and beyond the crisis.MethodsTwenty‐one Australian HCPs caring for hematology patients completed semi‐structured interviews exploring their experiences and needs during the COVID‐19 pandemic, adequacy of support and information provided by healthcare organizations, impact on hematology patients, and the benefits and challenges of telehealth care. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsFour themes were identified: (1) Managing an initial state of flux (unsettling uncertainty and fear, unique needs of hematology patients, getting on with the job together); (2) Concerns about care provision (questioning care efficacy, burden of compassion); (3) Disconnect between HCP needs and system‐level responses (burnout, isolation, and poor work‐life balance, broadcast fatigue, protecting mental health), and; (4) Reflecting on the future (ongoing challenges for hematology patients, higher staff turnover and heavier workloads, innovation in the healthcare field).ConclusionThis study sheds light on the challenges that hematology HCPs face during and beyond the COVID‐19 crisis, impacting their wellbeing. Addressing these challenges is paramount for the healthcare system at large. Provider‐led peer support programs may be beneficial for addressing moral distress and building resilience. Additionally, specific consideration for the ongoing vulnerability of hematology patients could have positive impacts on providers' professional satisfaction.
Community analysis of large‐scale molecular dynamics simulations elucidated dynamics‐driven allostery in tyrosine kinase 2
Authors: Lesgidou Nastazia , Vlassi Metaxia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTYK2 is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, member of the Janus kinases (JAK), with a central role in several diseases, including cancer. The JAKs' catalytic domains (KD) are highly conserved, yet the isolated TYK2‐KD exhibits unique specificities. In a previous work, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a catalytically impaired TYK2‐KD variant (P1104A) we found that this amino acid change of its JAK‐characteristic insert (αFG), acts at the dynamics level. Given that structural dynamics is key to the allosteric activation of protein kinases, in this study we applied a long‐scale MD simulation and investigated an active TYK2‐KD form in the presence of adenosine 5′‐triphosphate and one magnesium ion that represents a dynamic and crucial step of the catalytic cycle, in other protein kinases. Community analysis of the MD trajectory shed light, for the first time, on the dynamic profile and dynamics‐driven allosteric communications within the TYK2‐KD during activation and revealed that αFG and amino acids P1104, P1105, and I1112 in particular, hold a pivotal role and act synergistically with a dynamically coupled communication network of amino acids serving intra‐KD signaling for allosteric regulation of TYK2 activity. Corroborating our findings, most of the identified amino acids are associated with cancer‐related missense/splice‐site mutations of the Tyk2 gene. We propose that the conformational dynamics at this step of the catalytic cycle, coordinated by αFG, underlie TYK2‐unique substrate recognition and account for its distinct specificity. In total, this work adds to knowledge towards an in‐depth understanding of TYK2 activation and may be valuable towards a rational design of allosteric TYK2‐specific inhibitors.
A tutorial for model‐based evaluation and translation of cardiovascular safety in preclinical trials
Authors: Kulesh Victoria , Vasyutin Igor , Volkova Alina , Peskov Kirill , Kimko Holly , Sokolov Victor , Alluri Ravindra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAssessment of drug‐induced effects on the cardiovascular (CV) system remains a critical component of the drug discovery process enabling refinement of the therapeutic index. Predicting potential drug‐related unintended CV effects in the preclinical stage is necessary for first‐in‐human dose selection and preclusion of adverse CV effects in the clinical stage. According to the current guidelines for small molecules, nonclinical CV safety assessment conducted via telemetry analyses should be included in the safety pharmacology core battery studies. However, the manual for quantitative evaluation of the CV safety signals in animals is available only for electrocardiogram parameters (i.e., QT interval assessment), not for hemodynamic parameters (i.e., heart rate, blood pressure, etc.). Various model‐based approaches, including empirical pharmacokinetic‐toxicodynamic analyses and systems pharmacology modeling could be used in the framework of telemetry data evaluation. In this tutorial, we provide a comprehensive workflow for the analysis of nonclinical CV safety on hemodynamic parameters with a sequential approach, highlight the challenges associated with the data, and propose respective solutions, complemented with a reproducible example. The work is aimed at helping researchers conduct model‐based analyses of the CV safety in animals with subsequent translation of the effect to humans seamlessly and efficiently.
3D Printed Magneto‐Active Microfiber Scaffolds for Remote Stimulation and Guided Organization of 3D In Vitro Skeletal Muscle Models
Authors: Cedillo‐Servin Gerardo , Dahri Ouafa , Meneses João , van Duijn Joost , Moon Harrison , Sage Fanny , Silva Joana , Pereira André , Magalhães Fernão D. , Malda Jos , Geijsen Niels , Pinto Artur M. , Castilho Miguel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work reports the rational design and fabrication of magneto‐active microfiber meshes with controlled hexagonal microstructures via melt electrowriting (MEW) of a magnetized polycaprolactone‐based composite. In situ iron oxide nanoparticle deposition on oxidized graphene yields homogeneously dispersed magnetic particles with sizes above 0.5 µm and low aspect ratio, preventing cellular internalization and toxicity. With these fillers, homogeneous magnetic composites with high magnetic content (up to 20 weight %) are obtained and processed in a solvent‐free manner for the first time. MEW of magnetic composites enabled the creation of skeletal muscle‐inspired design of hexagonal scaffolds with tunable fiber diameter, reconfigurable modularity, and zonal distribution of magneto‐active and nonactive material, with elastic tensile deformability. External magnetic fields below 300 mT are sufficient to trigger out‐of‐plane reversible deformation. In vitro culture of C2C12 myoblasts on three‐dimensional (3D) Matrigel/collagen/MEW scaffolds showed that microfibers guided the formation of 3D myotube architectures, and the presence of magnetic particles does not significantly affect viability or differentiation rates after 8 days. Centimeter‐sized skeletal muscle constructs allowed for reversible, continued, and dynamic magneto‐mechanical stimulation. Overall, these innovative microfiber scaffolds provide magnetically deformable platforms suitable for dynamic culture of skeletal muscle, offering potential for in vitro disease modeling.
Multicriteria decision‐making–based framework for implementing DevOps practices: A fuzzy best–worst approach
Authors: Kumar Ankur , Nadeem Mohammad , Shameem Mohammad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIncreasingly, software organizations are implementing DevOps culture to benefit from it in terms of continuous testing, delivery, improvement, and so forth. Implementing DevOps is difficult due to a lack of understanding about the practices and their effective application for its effective implementation. This paper aims to explore different DevOps practices that can be implemented in software organizations. The study involves conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify DevOps implementation practices, followed by the utilization of the fuzzy best–worst method (FBWM) to establish a taxonomy or classification of software practices. We have used an SLR to investigate the practices, and subsequently, the survey method was followed to validate the identified practices. Moreover, the best–worst method (BWM) was considered to evaluate the significance and develop the taxonomy of the practices. The results of this study extracted 19 practices that have been identified in the SLR process. The identified factors are further classified into six core DevOps lifecycle phases. The results of the BWM approach are shown. The outcomes of the study conclude that the proposed taxonomy of the practices could help DevOps practitioners and researchers effectively implement them in software development organizations.
SoliTester: Detecting exploitable external‐risky vulnerability in smart contracts using contract account triggering method
Authors: Hu Tianyuan , Li Jingyue , Xu Xiangfei , Li Bixin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe vulnerability in smart contracts (SCs) on the blockchain system may lead to severe security compromises. The SC can be invoked from an externally owned account (EOA) or a contract account (CA). The account a user creates to receive or send ether is an EOA. A CA contains codes that can interact with SCs. In Solidity SC, some vulnerabilities can only be exploited by the interactions between CAs and vulnerable SCs, which can be named external‐risky vulnerabilities. Most state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) detectors detect external‐risky vulnerabilities by executing contract codes as an EOA user, thus reporting many unexploitable vulnerabilities. Therefore, we propose a CA‐triggering method to identify exploitable external‐risky vulnerabilities in Solidity SCs. We first designed agent contracts to simulate CAs' interactions with the target SCs in the real blockchain environment. We then detect vulnerability exploitation by analyzing transaction logs between agent contracts and target SCs and identifying successful exploits. We implemented the CA‐triggering method in a tool named SoliTester and evaluated it using three benchmark datasets, which contain three types of external‐risky vulnerabilities, namely, Reentancy (RE), Unchecked Call (UcC), and TxOrigin (TO). The results show that SoliTester can efficiently detect exploitable external‐risky vulnerabilities with significantly better precisions and recalls than SOTA detectors.
Consent and Reproductive Coercion
Authors: Featherstone Lisa , Byrnes Cassandra , Maturi Jenny , Minto Kiara , Mickelburgh Renée , Donaghy Paige 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter maps a recent history of reproductive coercion and abuse in Australia centred on intimate partner relationships and familial relationships in the mid-to-late-twentieth century. Reproductive coercion and abuse are currently understood as the interference in another person’s reproductive choices—forced termination of pregnancy, forced continuation of pregnancy, prohibiting contraceptive use, or imposing contraceptive use. This particular violation of consent in intimate partner and familial relationships has been documented as an extension of sexual violence under certain circumstances. Thus far, few scholarly works have focused on understanding the pervasiveness of this phenomenon in decades past. In heterosexual intimate partner relationships, manipulation, promises of marriage and love, and physical and sexual violence were used to enact reproductive coercion and abuse in quite explicit ways. When considering parents’ role in making reproductive choices for their children, financial incentives, homelessness, and emotional manipulation were most frequently used. In the same ways that experiences of rape and sexual abuse hinge on notions of consent and bodily autonomy, reproductive coercion is a form of sexual and medical violence that violates an individual’s right to make informed choices. Examining its history allows us to see how reproductive coercion and abuse are often coupled with other instances of sexual violence, and it facilitates a broader understanding of the ways in which autonomy and coercion operate in relationships.
Adding fluxes to consistent truncations: IIB supergravity on AdS3 × S3 × S3 × S1
Authors: Eloy Camille , Galli Michele , Malek Emanuel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We use E8(8) Exceptional Field Theory to construct the consistent truncation of IIB supergravity on S3× S3× S1 to maximal 3-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 16 gauged supergravity containing the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (4, 4) AdS3 vacuum. We explain how to achieve this by adding a 7-form flux to the S1 reduction of the dyonic E7(7) truncation on S3× S3 previously constructed in the literature. Our truncation Ansatz includes, in addition to the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (4, 4) vacuum, a host of moduli breaking some or all of the supersymmetries. We explicitly construct the uplift of a subset of these to construct new supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric AdS3 vacua of IIB string theory, which include a range of perturbatively stable non-supersymmetric 10-d vacua. Moreover, we show how the supersymmetric direction of the moduli space of AdS3 vacua of six-dimensional gauged supergravity studied in [1] is compactified upon lifting to 10 dimensions, and find evidence of T-duality playing a role in global aspects of the moduli space. Along the way, we also derive the form of 3-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 16 gauged supergravity in terms of the embedding tensor and rule out a 10-/11-dimensional origin of some 3-dimensional gauged supergravities.
Global structures from the infrared
Authors: Del Zotto Michele , García Etxebarria Iñaki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Quantum field theories with identical local dynamics can admit different choices of global structure, leading to different partition functions and spectra of extended operators. Such choices can be reformulated in terms of a topological field theory in one dimension higher, the symmetry TFT. In this paper we show that this TFT can be reconstructed from a careful analysis of the infrared Coulomb-like phases. In particular, the TFT matches between the UV and the IR. This provides a purely field theoretical counterpart of several recent results obtained via geometric engineering in various string/M/F theory setups for theories in four and five dimensions that we confirm and extend.
Embedding formalism for $$ \mathcal{N} $$-extended AdS superspace in four dimensions
Authors: Koning Nowar E. , Kuzenko Sergei M. , Raptakis Emmanouil S. N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The supertwistor and bi-supertwistor formulations for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
-extended anti-de Sitter (AdS) superspace in four dimensions, $$ Ad{S}^{4\mid 4\mathcal{N}} $$
Ad

S

4
∣
4
N

, were derived two years ago in [1]. In the present paper, we introduce a novel realisation of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
-extended AdS supergroup OSp($$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
|4; ℝ) and apply it to develop a coset construction for $$ {\textrm{AdS}}^{4\mid 4\mathcal{N}} $$

AdS

4
∣
4
N

and the corresponding differential geometry. This realisation naturally leads to an atlas on $$ {\textrm{AdS}}^{4\mid 4\mathcal{N}} $$

AdS

4
∣
4
N

(that is a generalisation of the stereographic projection for a sphere) that consists of two charts with chiral transition functions for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
> 0. A manifestly OSp($$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
|4; ℝ) invariant model for a superparticle in $$ {\textrm{AdS}}^{4\mid 4\mathcal{N}} $$

AdS

4
∣
4
N

is proposed. Additionally, by employing a conformal superspace approach, we describe the most general conformally flat $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
-extended supergeometry. This construction is then specialised to the case of $$ {\textrm{AdS}}^{4\mid 4\mathcal{N}} $$

AdS

4
∣
4
N

.
Optimising the mechanical properties of additive-manufactured recycled polylactic acid (rPLA) using single and multi-response analyses methods
Authors: Gebrehiwot Silas Z. , Espinosa-Leal Leonardo , Linderbäck Paula , Remes Heikki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTaguchi’s design of experiment (DoE) and the grey relational analysis are used to optimise fused filament fabrication (FFF) parameters for the tensile strength and modulus of toughness (MoT) responses of a recycled polylactic acid (Reform-rPLA). The paper investigates the influences of the infill geometry, infill density, infill orientation, nozzle temperature and infill speed on the mechanical properties using the $${L}_{18}$$

L
18

orthogonal array that is based on the $${2}^{1}\times {4}^{3}$$

2

1

×

4

3

factor levels and 3 experimental repetitions. The output responses are first studied individually and combined as a multi-response optimisation using the grey relational analysis method. In the strength optimisation, the infill orientation and infill density are statistically significant with P-values $$\alpha$$
α
less than the 0.05 criterion. Similarly, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the MoT showed that infill orientation and infill geometry are statistically significant. For the multi-response optimisation, only the infill orientation is statistically significant. The mean response analyses identified factor levels that led to optimum strength and MoT responses. The confirmation tests are in good agreement with the response predictions. Using the first three influential factors, multiple variable linear regression models were developed. The predictive models showed average errors of $$7.91\%$$

7.91
%

for the tensile strength and $$8.6\%$$

8.6
%

for the MoT.
Early weight measures and long-term neuropsychological outcome of critically ill neonates and infants: a secondary analysis of the PEPaNIC trial
Authors: Dijkhuizen E. I. , Dulfer K. , de Munck S. , van Haren N. E. M. , de Jonge R. C. J. , Vanhorebeek I. , Wouters P. J. , Van den Berghe G. , Verbruggen S. C. A. T. , Joosten K. F. M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeonates and infants surviving critical illness show impaired growth during critical illness and are at risk for later neuropsychological impairments. Early identification of individuals most at risk is needed to provide tailored long-term follow-up and care. The research question is whether early growth during hospitalization is associated with growth and neuropsychological outcomes in neonates and infants after pediatric intensive care unit admission (PICU). This is a secondary analysis of the PEPaNIC trial. Weight measurements upon PICU admission, at PICU discharge, at hospital discharge, at 2- and 4-year follow-up, and of different subgroups were compared using (paired) t-tests. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between early growth in weight measures and neuropsychological outcomes at 4-year follow-up. One hundred twenty-one infants were included, and median age upon admission was 21 days. Growth in weight per week was less than the age-appropriate norm, resulting in a decrease in weight-for-age Z-score during hospitalization. Weight is normalized at 2- and 4-year follow-up. Weight gain in kilograms per week and change in weight Z-score were not associated with neurodevelopmental outcome measures at 4-year follow-up. Lower weight-for-age Z-score at PICU admission and at hospital discharge was associated only with lower weight and height Z-scores at 4-year follow-up.Conclusion: Growth in weight during hospital stay of young survivors of critical illness is impaired. Worse early growth in weight is associated with lower weight and height but not with neuropsychological outcomes at 4-year follow-up.

What is Known:• Critically ill neonates and infants show impaired early growth during admission and are at risk for later neuropsychological impairments.• Unraveling the association between early growth and later neuropsychological impairments is crucial since the first year of life is critical for brain development.

What is New:• Critically ill neonates and infants had age appropriate weight measures at 4-year follow-up.• Poor growth in weight during hospital stay was not associated with poorer cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning four years after critical illness.