bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Methodist Connection
Authors: Wigger John H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1802, twenty-six-year-old Jacob Young took on the task of forming a new circuit along the Green River in Kentucky. With little preparation or prospect of outside assistance, Young suddenly found himself responsible for a vast and growing region of central Kentucky. Knowing that he could count on little direct help from his supervising elder, John Page, a millwright who divided his time between building mills and itinerating, Young devised his own strategy for evangelizing the region: “I concluded to travel five miles, as nearly as I could guess, then stop, reconnoiter the neighborhood, and find some kind person who would let me preach in his log-cabin, and so on till I had performed the entire round.” Near the end of one dreary day he came upon a solitary cabin in the woods. Seeing a woman in the doorway he asked for lodging, but the woman refused. Desperate, Young exclaimed, “I am a Methodist preacher, sent by Bishop Asbury to try to form a circuit.” “This information appeared to electrify her,” recalled Young. “Her countenance changed, and her eyes fairly sparkled. She stood for some time without speaking, and then exclaimed, ‘La, me! has a Methodist preacher come at last?’ “ The family were North Carolina Methodists who had recently mi grated to Kentucky. Their home soon became a regular preaching appointment on Young’s circuit.
Methodism Transformed
Authors: Wigger John H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By the spring of 1816 Francis Asbury was clearly dying, the more than 40 years of relentless traveling to which he had subjected himself finally taking its toll. In truth, his health had been pre carious for quite some time. Asthma and rheumatism, particularly in his feet, troubled Asbury throughout much of his career. As early as 1802, Henry Smith met Asbury at a Tennessee conference and was dismayed to find the bishop’s feet so swollen that he could not “walk a step without assistance,” and had to be “lifted on his horse, and off again, like a child.” At other times Asbury was forced to resort to crutches. In 1809 Henry Boehm accompanied Asbury across the Allegheny Mountains in Pennsylvania. Boehm was amazed at his furious pace despite rheumatism so painful that he could not “stand, preach, kneel, or pray.” From that time on Asbury could only preach resting against a table or chair. By 1812 Boehm had to carry him “in my arms” from the two wheeled sulky in which he now traveled to each church or home, where the bishop would sit to preach. In 1814 Asbury was taken with a severe three month bout of pleurisy, from which he never fully recovered.
Shimadonna
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By the time Mae West resurfaced in New York in the spring of r 9 1 8, the world had changed drastically. The United States had entered World War I, and several of her friends and relatives had gone off to fight. West pitched in, displaying her patriotic efforts in a series of publicity photos. Shots showed her, outfitted in straw hat, overalls, and high heels, planting a victory garden or perched on a ladder with a caption reading: “While the men go to the trenches, Mary [sic) West paints the old barn.” She also helped entertain the troops and, after the war’s end, was among those honored by the U.S. military for giving benefit performances for the fighting men.
Speaking of the Influence of the Jook
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One day, Mae West and some friends sat stuck in New York City traffic. In a rush, she ordered her driver to take a shortcut past the waterfront, and as her car rolled past the docks she spied a young woman with a sailor on each arm. West described her as attractive but with “blonde hair, over bleached and all frizzy ... a lot of make-up on and a tight black satin coat that was all wrinkled and soiled .She had runs in her stockings and she had this little turban on and a big beautiful bird of paradise.” Mae remarked to her companions, “You wonder this dame wouldn’t put half a bird of paradise on her head and the rest of the money into a coat and stockings.” But as her friends speculated that the bird of paradise was probably a seafaring john’s recompense and that this woman of the streets at best made only fifty cents to two dollars a trick, Mae grew enraged. Certainly she was worldly enough to know about prostitution, yet she recalled, “I was really upset about that.” She insisted it disturbed her to witness such exploitation of a woman-and also to realize that a woman could be so ignorant of her potential for exploiting her exploitation.
You Can Be Had
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
While Mae West’s underworld connections failed to keep her out of jail, they did ease her incarceration. After a night in the bleak Jefferson Market Women’s Prison, she was transferred to Welfare Island’s penitentiary, where the warden, Harry 0. Schleth, was known for his generous treatment of”well-connected” prisoners. Although she was strip-searched and issued the standard prison uniform of coarse cotton stockings, cotton underwear, oversize slippers, and blue-checked dress, Schleth assigned her a private room in the administration building and “light housekeeping”-making beds, sweeping, and dusting books in the prison’s tiny library. She later lunched with him in his home, a privilege accorded to celebrity prisoners. She protested her prison attire, and he arranged for her to purchase new stockings from the commissary. When reporters confronted Schleth about West’s preferential treatment, he responded that he viewed her the same as other inmates but had to protect her from the island’s “hardened offenders.”
Good Night to the Dichotomies
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
George Raft had been cast as Ni9ht After Ni9ht’s Joe Anton, an exboxer with underworld connections who runs a speakeasy. Hoping to capitalize on the handsome actor’s reputation as a New York tough guy, Paramount sought an actress who could bring authenticity to the role of Anton’s ex-flame, the colorful Maudie Triplett. While West seemed a natural, Adolph Zukor, Paramount’s founder, was apprehensive, later explaining, “No one believed that the Mae West of stage could be transferred almost intact to the screen.” The studio had considered Texas Guinan for the part, but she was fifty and in failing health. Raft, probably with Owney Madden’s help, continued to lobby for Mae West. For West, it was a chance to enter Hollywood through the back door, slipping past Will Hays, who had banned her from moviedom.
If You Can’t Go Straight, You’ve Got to Go Around
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In late April 193 3, while She Done Him Wrong was still fresh in the theaters, Paramount purchased, at West’s insistence, a circus-themed script by Lowell Brentano. Since childhood, West had maintained a general curiosity about exotic animals; several interviewers noted she was now always accompanied by an impish pet monkey, Boogey. Over the next few months, with the assistance of studio writers, West developed I’m No Angel, a story about the rise of Tira from sideshow cooch dancer to celebrity lion tamer. Eyeing West’s profitability, Paramount hoped to begin shooting before the end of June, but there was one big problem: This time, Will Hays intended to monitor Mae West most carefully.
Naturally I Disagree
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since thespring of 1934, Mae West had been telling reporters that she had a follow-up project to Belle ef the Nineties in mind; she planned to play the Queen of Sheba. She assured the media her treatment of this biblical character would primarily be dramatic: “I might kid around with Solomon a little, but I won’t go too far.” It seemed an odd choice to some. “The Queen of Sheba was Ethiopian,” protested Michael Kane, a writer Timony engaged to assist with the script. “I thought the blonde coloring of Miss West should be taken into consideration.” The contradiction did not disturb West; most likely it made the role even more attractive. Additionally, the Queen of Sheba, who perplexed King Solomon with a series of riddles, presented a beguiling trickster image-a perfect match for Mae West. Of course, West’s idea was nixed; journalists speculated the Hays Office had a big hand in killing the project.
Bring Me Rabelais
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After Go West Young Man, Mae West had a definite plan for her next project, a film on the life of the Russian empress Catherine the Great. Actually, West’s interest in Catherine was an outgrowth of her aborted Queen of Sheba project. Realizing that the Queen of Sheba would never make it to the screen, she substituted Catherine. Mae identified with the German-born empress; she was impressed by Catherine’s vast array of lovers and reputed proletarian sympathies. Beyond that, the empress was a woman who successfully confronted a patriarchal society and assumed a role normally restricted to men. “After years of surviving studio politics and handling vice-presidents,” she wrote, “I saw Catherine was really a portrait of myself.”
I Wrote the Story Myself
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Of course, Mae West, now an octogenarian, had no intention of retiring. She told one writer, “I’ve got so much energy, I look great, I want to work. Work is very important to a woman like me.” Although there were few professional opportunities, she became sought-after socially. Through Musgrove, she met Blanche Seavers, a wealthy USC trustee, and philanthropist Sybil Brand, both of whom often entertained her as a dinner guest. She dined with Bette Davis and Greta Garbo, both awed by her presence and strength. But she still preferred the company of her inner circle, a tight-knit group that included Tim Malachosky, Stanley Musgrove, and longtime friend and fan Dolly Dempsey, who had known Mae since 19 35. Sometimes Mae went shopping with Edith Head.
Bringing Officers on Board
Authors: Skogan Wesley G , Hartnett Susan M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At the beginning, community policing is a battle for the hearts and minds of members of the patrol force. Their hearts and minds are indeed important, for police departments are decentralized, low-technology human-service organizations in which the motivation and skill of those delivering the services at the street level is of paramount significance. Community policing calls for meaningful changes in the way these services are delivered. This can easily lead to a battle, for inevitably police officers are resistant to change. To fail at the “Winning Hearts and Minds” (WHAM) component of organizational change “is to risk program failure due to apathy, frustration, resentment, perceived inequality, fear of change, and other factors that militate against the successful implementation of community policing” (Lurigio and Rosenbaum, 1994: 147).
Citizen Involvement
Authors: Skogan Wesley G , Hartnett Susan M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The success of CAPS’ depended on accomplishing a discouragingly long list of goals, one of which was the formation of police community partnerships that would identify and solve neighborhood problems: The CAPS model of community policing called for building bridges between police and community members. As individuals, beat officers were encouraged to establish working relationships with residents of their beats. The program’s plans for organized police-citizen interaction were probably more important, however. At the grassroots level, police were to meet on a regular, frequent, and well-publicized basis with beat residents. At these so called beat meetings, they were to exchange information, identify and prioritize local problems, develop strategies to address them, and begin the process of identifying police and community resources that could be mobilized to support problem solving. As a department training bulletin noted, “Beat meetings ensure community input in the problem-solving process” (Chicago Police Department, 1994: 1). At the district level, commanders were to form new advisory committees that would be broadly representative of interests in the community. They were to advise the commanders about matters of concern to the community, and help them evaluate the effectiveness of projects in the districts.
The Evangelicals’ Alternative Communitarianism
Authors: Sherman Amy L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The word communitarianism never came up in any of my conversations in Guatemala. As an idea, though, communitarianism is ubiquitous. In popular tourist travel guides, North American gringos visiting Guatemala are reminded that the Mayan Indians are more community-focused, avoiding the dog-eat-dog individualism alleged of the residents of El Norte. In more sophisticated literature, anthropologists exalt the community-mindedness of traditional Mayan villagers and worry about the consequences of an encroaching modernity.
King for a Night
Authors: Sherwin Byron L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Some aspects of the tumultuous career and the tragically ironic life of Rabbi Jacob Pollack have been discussed in the previous chapter. Though a failure in many of his endeavors, Pollack was an enormous success in the training of scholars. His two greatest disciples were Shalom Shakhna and Meir Katzenellenbogen. Shakhna married Pollack’s daughter and established the great yeshivah in Lublin. Shakhna’s daughter would marry the preeminent Rabbi Moses Isserles. Meir Katzenellenbogen is known to posterity as the Maharam of Padua. The rabbinic dynasty he founded in the early fifteenth century would spread throughout Europe. One of his descendants, Rabbi Saul [Katzenellenbogen] Wahl, would be known to future generations as King Saul, for according to a well-documented legend Saul reigned as the king of Poland, albeit for a single night. Other descendants of Meir Katzenellenbogen are also known to history.
Auschwitz
Authors: Sherwin Byron L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It was a Jewish custom for individuals to learn humility by wandering for a year from town to town as a beggar. One never could spend less than a single day in any town, despite the humiliation one might suffer there. Nor could an individual spend more than two consecutive nights in any town, despite the hospitality received there. In 1777 Rabbi Elimelekh established his Hasidic court in Lizensk, making it the capital of Hasidism in Polish Galicia. In his earlier years, he undertook the task of learning humility by posing as a beggar. With his brother, Rabbi Zusya, Elimelekh wandered from town to town. One afternoon, the two brothers arrived exhausted in a small Galician village. Despite their hunger, they could not eat. Despite their fatigue, they could not sleep. They felt something they never had felt before. A feeling of unspeakable dread came over them. A most profound sense of sadness overwhelmed them. In the middle of the night they left the town, never to return. The name of this town was Oswiecim -Auschwitz.
Is the Critique of Merit Anti-Semitic?
Authors: Farber Daniel A , Sherry Suzanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Radical multiculturalists accuse meritocrats of basing their arguments “implicitly and explicitly, on racial superiority and xenophobia.” They have it exactly backwards. The concept of objective merit provides a way out of regimes-like the Jim Crow South-that allocate benefits on the basis of race or other irrelevant characteristics. The radical critique of merit, on the other hand, points us back toward the dark ages of anti-Semitism. In this chapter, we consider whether radical multiculturalism can provide a viable conception of equality. We argue that after jettisoning the concept of merit, the radicals are left with a reductionist conception of equality, in which having more than the average is al­ most automatically to be an oppressor, and having less is to be op­ pressed. But this reductionist vision of equality is unacceptable. In particular, we suggest that the radical attack on merit inevitably has racist and anti-Semitic implications. The anti-Semitism inherent in radical multiculturalism, moreover, is not an accident, but a predictable component of any assault on the Enlightenment tradition. If we are right, that is reason enough to reject radical multiculturalism.
Distorting Public Discourse
Authors: Farber Daniel A , Sherry Suzanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Obviously, something has gone terribly wrong with the radical multiculturalists’ understanding of how merit operates in our society. What is less obvious is how they have gotten so badly off track. Part of the explanation, no doubt, is that radical multiculturalist ideas are in the air. Another part of the explanation, as we saw in chapter 2, is that their rejection of the concept of objective merit provides a particularly simple and powerful argument for increasing minority representation, which they strongly favor.
The Assault on Truth and Memory
Authors: Farber Daniel A , Sherry Suzanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Another chapter in Patricia Williams’s Alchemy of Race and Rights fi highlights Peller’s denial that there is any difference between a novel and a diary. Williams describes the case of Tawana Brawley, a fifteen-year-old black girl who claimed she was abducted, raped, tortured, and ultimately smeared with feces by a group of white men, including a state district attorney and two police officers. The case became a cause celebre among certain black activists. Many of the facts eventually uncovered-including a total lack of any semen or plant matter on Brawley’s body or clothing-suggested that she had made the whole thing up in order to fool her stepfather into forgiving her for running away from home. To fortify the illusion, she carved racial epithets into her clothing and wrote them across her chest with a humeri cloth, then smeared dog excrement into her hair and on her body.
Systemic Abuse of Psychology
Authors: Vasoli Robert H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“That system of law is best which confides as little as possible to the discretion of the judge.” Although the author of that ancient legal proverb is consigned to anonymity, the wisdom of the principle lives on. Judicial discretion can under mine the rule of law. In this way, American tribunalists contorted C. 1095, 2, 3 to create additional leeway for ruling for nullity. Theoretically, new powers of discernment afforded by behavioral science would narrow the ambit of tribunal discretion and provide reliable bases for making objective determinations in defective consent cases. If anything, however, psychology enabled the tribunals to exercise more discretion.
Alternative Modes of Participation with Text and Artifacts of Literacy
Authors: Gundaker Grey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores vernacular practices that involve texts and artifacts of literacy and fall outside the rubric of conventional literacy, focusing on four overlapping modes: (1) expression through metaphors; (2) performances and rituals; (3) the use of talismans and power-objects; and (4) acts of divination and revelation. These modes certainly do not exhaust the list of such practices, but they do exemplify some of the ways that African Americans incorporate reading, writing, and literate artifacts into preexisting patterns of activity through emergent events in which values and resources from both sides of the Atlantic cross-fertilize each other.
The Fruitless Enquiry (1727)
Authors: Haywood Eliza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A Certain Nobleman of Venice, dying in the Prime of his Years, left behind him a Widow called Miramillia, justly esteemed one of the most lovely Women of the Age, and a little Son not exceeding six Years old; so dear to his Mother, that tho’ her Beauty, Wealth, and Accomplishments, attracted the Love and Admirations of almost as many as beheld her, and the noblest Youth in the Republick desired her in Marriage: Yet did she decline all the Advantages offered her for this Darling of her Soul, and resolved to continue the Remainder of her Days in a single State, fearing that in bestowing her self, she should also be obliged to relinquish the Power she had of managing the Estate for him, to one who would less consult his Interest.
The Opera of Operas; Or Tom Thumb the Great (1733)
Authors: Haywood Eliza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tom Thumb was the Son of Gajfer2 Thumb, tho’ some Authors assert, Thumb was not the Father’s Name, but a Sir-name given the Son from the Diminitiveness of his Stature, agreeable to a Wish his Parents made, that they might have a Son and Heir, tho’ he were no bigger than their Thumb. Like another Homer,3 his Birth is much contended, and many claim the Honour of it. Some will have him of German Extraction, Others of French, but the most received Opinion is, that he was an Englishman, born of very honest, but simple Parents, living in the Reign of King Arthur,4 a British Monarch of the sixth Century, who was Chief General against the Saxons; but whether ever Arthur existed, is a Point much controverted.
The Invisible Spy (1755)
Authors: Haywood Eliza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I Have observed that when a new book begins to make any noise in the world, as I am pretty certain this will do, every one is desirous of becoming acquainted with the author; and this impatience increases the more, the more he endeavours to conceal himself. expect to hear an hundred different names inscribed to the Invisible,-some of which I should, perhaps, be proud of, others as much ashamed to own.
Prologue
Authors: Carter John Ross , Palihawadana Mahinda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this world wrapped in the darkness of its great ignorance, The blessed Dhamma’s bright lamp He lit, Aglow with his iddhi powers, far into the ends of the worlds seeing; Unto his feet I bend low, the wond’rous Enlightened One! I worship too His blessed Dhamma, And fold my hands in reverence to the Sangha. Knowing what is Dhamma, and what is not, And to the state of blessed Dhamma come, The auspicious Dhamma-word the Teacher taught As each occasion called, His heart impelled by power of love.
The Pairs
Authors: Carter John Ross , Palihawadana Mahinda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“Perception” signifies consciousness in all the four levels [of manifestation]-that is, in its divisions, such as wholesome consciousness pertaining to the sensuous sphere of existence ( kiimiivacara-kusa/a [-citta]}. However, in this context, it is specified, defined, and limited, referring as it does to the thought that arose in the physician [who figured in the incidents that caused the Buddha to utter this stanza]-that is to say, perception here is [what would technically be called] consciousness linked with a hostile reaction having discontent as its concomitant ( domanassa sahagata-paJigha-sampayutta-citta).
Flowers
Authors: Carter John Ross , Palihawadana Mahinda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is what is said: A garland-maker goes into a garden of flowers and, thinking, “I will gather flowers,” takes flowers from that [garden]. [Then] wishing for another [flower] plant and another, he turns his mind all over the garden, thinking: “I will gather flowers from here too.” [But] without gathering flowers from there, he turns his mind(9lto [yet] another place and procrastinates, picking from that [other] plant [as well].
The Worthy
Authors: Carter John Ross , Palihawadana Mahinda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are two “roads”: the road through a difficult terrain and the road through the whirl. In regard to these, he who has set out on the road through a difficult terrain is a traveler only so long as he does not reach his desired goal; when he has reached it, he is “one who has gone the distance.” Beings who are engulfed in the whirl too are travelers so long as they live in the whirl. Why? Because the whirl has not been exhausted. Stream Attainers, and others, too, are surely travelers. But the one with intoxicants extinct [Arahant ], being one who has exhausted the whirl, is a person who has reached the journey’s end.