bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation, Solid‐state Characteristics, and Catalytic Properties of Promoted Vanadium Phosphate Materials
Authors: Narayana K. V. , Martin Andreas , Lücke B. , Belmans M. , Boers F. , van Deynse D. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe syntheses of transition metal promoted (M = Co, Cr, Fe, Mo) supported vanadium phosphate (VPO) catalysts (TiO2 (anatase), γ‐Al2O3) and their characterization by N2‐adsorption, X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), FTIR‐spectroscopy and determination of V‐valence state is reported. The catalytic properties were checked in the heterogeneous catalytic ammoxidation of 2, 6‐dichlorotoluene to the corresponding nitrile. The catalyst samples were prepared by synthesis of the precursor compound VOHPO4 · 0.5 H2O, impregnation using various metal salt solutions and mixing with the support materials. The characterization revealed increased surface areas for all the promoted samples in comparison to the basic materials. XRD showed the formation of (VO)2P2O7 after calcinations as well as patterns of support materials (anatase, γ‐Al2O3). The formation of crystalline proportions of mixed oxides were not observed. The catalytic ammoxidation runs revealed a significant effect of the promoter metals on the catalytic properties by an increase of yield by ca. 20 % compared to bulk VPO. Almost complete conversion of 2, 6‐dichlorotoluene and 81 % yield of nitrile were observed using a 25 %VPCoO/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst.
Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Properties of the Tetrametaphosphimates MII2(PO2NH)4 · 8 H2O with MII = Mg, Mn, Co and Zn
Authors: Römer S. Rebecca , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: December 2004

AbstractMg2(PO2NH)4 · 8 H2O (1), Mn2(PO2NH)4 · 8 H2O (2), Co2(PO2NH)4 · 8 H2O (3) and Zn2(PO2NH)4 · 8 H2O (4) were obtained as microcrystalline powders by combining aqueous solutions of K4(PO2NH)4 · 4 H2O and MX2 · y H2O (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Zn; X = Cl, NO3). Single crystals were obtained by crystallization in gelatine gels in U‐tubes or test‐tubes. 2 and 4 were characterized by thermogravimetry and 4 was additionally characterized by temperature dependend in situ powder diffractometry. The structures of 1, 2, 3 and 4 were found to be isotypic and were solved by single‐crystal X‐ray methods: P 21/c, Z = 2 (1: a = 645.4(2), b = 1050.1(2), c = 1283.3(3) pm, β = 104.66(3)°; 2: a = 648.7(2), b = 1063.1(2), c = 1310.8(3) pm, β = 103.93(3)°; 3: a = 643.3(2), b = 1049.0(2), c = 1286.7(3) pm, β = 104.28(3)°; 4: a = 644.18(5), b = 1049.22(7), c = 1282.43(8) pm, β = 104.122(6)°). The structure is composed of MO6 octahedra and (PO2NH)44— anions. The P4N4 rings of the (PO2NH)44— anions exhibit a slightly distorted chair conformation, which is supported by IR data and has been described by torsion angles, Displacement Asymmetry Parameters and Puckering Parameters. Via M2+ ions and hydrogen bonds, the tetrametaphosphimate anions are connected forming layers perpendicular to [100]. These layers are connected by hydrogen bonds.
A New Method of the Preparation of Imido‐bis(sulfuric acid) Dihalogenide, (F, Cl), and the Potassium Salt of Imido‐bis(sulfuric acid) Difluoride
Authors: Beran Martin , Příhoda Jiří 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe article describes a new and effective synthesis of pure imido‐bis(sulfuric acid) dihalogenides (halogenide = F, Cl) and the potassium salt of imido‐bis(sulfuric acid) difluoride, KN(SO2F)2.
Isolation and Spectroscopic Characterization of New Endohedral Fullerenes in the Size Gap of C74 to C76
Authors: Haufe Oliver , Hecht Martin , Grupp Arthur , Mehring Michael , Jansen Martin 
Published: December 2004

AbstractNew alkaline earth metal endohedral fullerenes Sr@C74, Sr@C76‐I, II and Ca@C74, prepared by means of the RF‐method, have been isolated using multistep HPLC. The purity was ascertained by anionic LDI TOF mass spectroscopy, considering the isotopic patterns of the compounds. The influence of the incorporated metal on the electronic structure has been studied by VIS‐NIR and Raman spectroscopy. Photoexcited triplet‐state EPR spectroscopy was used to investigate the structure of these otherwise EPR‐silent fullerenes. Displaying the frequency of the cage vs. encapsulated metal vibrational modes as a function of the square root of the reciprocal masses of the metals clearly separates the M3+@Cn3— and the M2+@Cn2— families. This seems to be a generally applicable tool for monitoring the metal to fullerene charge transfer.
The Structure of cis‐[Chloro(dimethylsulfoxide)bis(1, 10‐phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)]‐tetraphenylborate, [RuCl(DMSO)(1, 10‐phen)2][BPh4]
Authors: Wu Biao , Janiak Christoph 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe complex cis‐[RuCl(DMSO)(phen)2]BPh4, where DMSO is dimethylsulfoxide and phen is 1, 10‐phenanthroline, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 19.505(4), b = 10.045(2), c = 21.199(4) Å, β = 90.137(4)°, V = 4153(2) Å3, Z = 4, Dcalc = 1.430 g cm—3. The ruthenium coordination geometry is that of a slightly distorted octahedron with a cis‐RuN4ClS arrangement of the ligand donor atoms. The Ru—Cl distance is 2.421(1) Å and the Ru—S distance 2.250(2) Å. The four Ru—N distances are 2.057(6), 2.066(4), 2.073(4), and 2.086(4) Å with the Ru—N bond trans to Cl the second shortest and the Ru—N bond trans to S the longest one.
NMR Studies of the Phosphazene/Phosphazane Rearrangement
Authors: Thomas Berthold , Paasch Silvia , Böhme Uwe 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn compounds such as hydroxy, methoxy and ethoxycyclophosphazenes a phosphazene/ phosphazane rearrangement occurs. In this process the electronic structure of the PN ring system changes under reduction of the endocyclic double bonds. A decrease of the s bond order of the PN bondings results in a decrease of the scalar couplings 1JPN and 2JPP. In addition, considering the solid‐state 31P NMR spectra, significant differences between the phosphazene and phosphazane forms can be observed caused by a change of the local symmetry at the phosphorus atom. In the case of cyclotriphosphazenes a local C2v symmetry exists (strictly valid for these compounds only) and the shielding (shift) tensor is characterized by a small anisotropy as well as a small axiality. Contrary to this in phosphazanes the phosphoryl bond is dominating the chemical shift tensor, characterized by a double to triple anisotropy and a high axiality. Quantum chemical GAUSSIAN calculations reflect these differences between phosphazenes and phosphazanes.
Solvothermal Synthesis and Structure of the [Ge2Se7]4— Anion in (enH2)[{Mn(en)2(enH)}2(μ‐en)](Ge2Se7)2 and [Mn(dien)2]2Ge2Se7
Authors: van Almsick Tobias , Loose Anja , Sheldrick William S. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract(enH2)[{Mn(en)2(enH)}2(μ‐en)](Ge2Se7)2 (1) and [Mn(dien)2]2Ge2Se7 (2) can be prepared by solvothermal reaction of elemental Ge and Se with Mn(OOCCH3)2·4H2O in respectively superheated ethylenediamine/methanol (3:2 mixture, 150°) and diethylenetriamine (dien, 130 °C). The cyclic Ge2Se74— anion contains two tetrahedral GeSe4 building units linked at one corner Se atom and through an Se‐Se bond. 1 also contains a novel complex cation in which Mn(II) atoms are coordinated by one terminal, one bridging and two chelating en ligands.
[Ge4O6Te4]4—, an Adamantanoid Oxotellurido Germanate(IV) with a Central Ge4O6 Core
Authors: van Almsick Tobias , Kromm Anna , Sheldrick William S. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract[Mn(en)3]2[Ge4O6Te4]·1.5en (1) and (enH)3[Mn(en)3]3[Ge4O6Te4]2I·4.7en (2) may be prepared at 150 °C by solvothermal reaction of elemental Ge and Te with Mn(OOCCH3)2 ·4H2O in the presence of [CH3)4N]I as a mineralizer in respectively superheated ethylenediamine (en) or an en/CH3OH (3:2) mixture. Both contain the novel [Ge4O6Te4]4— anion with a central adamantanoid Ge4O6 core and four terminal Te atoms and represent the first examples of such a mixed [M4E6E4′]4— anion (M = Si‐Sn; E = O‐Te). As a result of their increased polarity, the Ge‐Te bonds of 2 are markedly shorter (2.438 — 2.462Å) than those previously reported for telluridogermanates(IV).
Large Diverticulum and Volvulus of the Small Bowel in Adults
Authors: Chou Chung Kuao , Mark Chee‐Wai , Wu Reng‐Hong , Chang Jinn‐Ming 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of large diverticulum (>3 cm) and volvulus of the small bowel (SB) in adults. A computer search of the medical records between January 1995 and December 2002 revealed 94 surgically proved cases of small bowel volvulus in adults. We reviewed the surgical records and recorded any specific condition found during laparotomy. The control group included 107 consecutive patients receiving a laparotomy with a diagnosis other than SB volvulus. In the 94 surgically proved cases of SB volvulus, the surgical records described presence of adhesion in 47 cases, adhesions around large SB diverticulum (>3 cm) in 5 cases, coexistence of large SB diverticulum and adhesions around the narrowed mesenteric root in 4 cases, large SB diverticulum without a specific description of the presence of adhesion or narrowed mesenteric root in 24 cases, narrowed mesenteric root without large SB diverticulum in 3 cases, internal hernia in 4 cases, tumors in 3 cases, and absence of any specific lesion in 4 cases. Only one case was found to have a large SB diverticulum in the control group. The incidence of large SB diverticulum in SB volvulus of adults was 35% (33/94), significantly higher than that of the control group (1%, 1/107) (p < 0.01). Large diverticulum of the small bowel might play a contributing role in the occurrence of SB volvulus in adults.
Role of Ganglion Cells in Sigmoid Volvulus
Authors: Furuya Yoshitaka , Yasuhara Hiroshi , Yanagie Hironobu , Naka Shuji , Takenoue Tomohiro , Shinkawa Hiroki , Niwa Hirotaka , Kikuchi Tsuyoshi , Nagao Toshitaka 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe aim of this study was to clarify the role of ganglion cells in the development and recurrence of sigmoid volvulus. We analyzed 9 samples obtained from 9 patients who had undergone sigmoidectomy for sigmoid volvulus, and, for comparison, 18 samples from 18 patients who had undergone sigmoidectomy or low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Neuron‐specific enolase was used for immunohistochemical staining to detect ganglion cells, and the number of ganglion cells in 20 contiguous fields was counted at 200? magnification. The average number of ganglion cells per 1000 cm3 was corrected using the ratio of the circumference of the resected sigmoid colon to the average circumference in the control group.The raw numbers of ganglion cells in the Meissner’s and Auerbach’s plexuses in the volvulus group were significantly lower than those in the non‐volvulus group (Meissner: p = 0.017, Auerbach: p = 0.007). The circumference of the resected sigmoid colons with volvulus was greater than that of those without volvulus (p = 0.00013). There was no significant difference in the corrected numbers of ganglion cells in the Meissner’s plexus or Auerbach’s plexus per 1000 cm3 between the volvulus and non‐volvulus groups (Meissner: p = 0.410, Auerbach: p = 0.890).Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the corrected numbers of ganglion cells between the revolvulus and non‐revolvulus groups. These findings led us to conclude that functional disorder of bowel movement or elongation of the bowel in sigmoid volvulus or revolvulus is not related to the number of ganglion cells in Auerbach’s or Meissner’s plexus.
Efficacy of Hepatic Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinomas Larger than 10 cm
Authors: Nagano Yasuhiko , Tanaka Kuniya , Togo Shinji , Matsuo Kenichi , Kunisaki Chikara , Sugita Mitsutaka , Morioka Daisuke , Miura Yasuhiko , Kubota Toru , Endo Itaru , Sekido Hitoshi , Shimada Hiroshi 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe objective of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of hepatic resection for large hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and examine clinicopathologic factors influencing overall survival after resection of a large HCC. The pre‐, intra‐, and postoperative factors and long‐term outcome of 26 patients with HCCs >10 cm who underwent hepatic resection (group A) were compared with the those of 143 patients with HCCs ≤10 cm (group B). Hepatic resection for large HCCs can be performed with a mortality rate of 3.8%, which was similar to the rate for group B (2.1%). The overall cumulative survival results for group A (1 year 41.0%, 3 years 29.3%, 5 years 29.3%; median survival 10.1 months) were markedly worse than those for group B (1 year 93.1%, 3 years 74.5%, 5 years 44.7%; median survival 53.4 months) (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis identified venous invasion as an independent risk factor of survival of patients with a large HCC. The overall cumulative survival results in patients with venous invasion (1 year 28.0%, 3 years 0%; median survival 6.4 months) were markedly worse than in patients without venous invasion (1 year 64.8%, 3.5 years 64.8%; median survival, 51.8 months) (p < 0.0066). We concluded that hepatic resection can be performed safely for HCCs >10 cm with a low mortality rate. It appears reasonable to believe that hepatic resection is the treatment of choice for large HCCs without venous invasion.
Esophageal Carcinoma: Prognostic Differences between Squamous Cell Carcinoma And Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mariette Christophe , Finzi Laetitia , Piessen Guillaume , Van Seuningen Isabelle , Triboulet Jean Pierre 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWhether squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) of the esophagus differ in their natural history and treatment outcome remains controversial. The aim of the study was to identify the similarities and differences between SCC and ADC in terms of their clinical and histologic presentations and the oncologic results. Curative esophagectomy was attempted in 742 consecutive patients between January 1982 and January 2002. Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy was proposed for patients with locally advanced tumors. Demographic parameters, histomorphologic tumor characteristics, treatment strategies, postoperative mortality and morbidity rates, recurrence, and long‐term prognosis were recorded retrospectively.The SCC and ADC groups were composed of 624 and 118 patients, respectively. ADC occurrence increased significantly during the study period. Compared to the SCC group, patients in the ADC group were significantly older and had a lower incidence of respiratory and otolaryngologic histories; they also had more advanced tumors and a higher percentage of invaded lymph nodes, shorter time until resumption of feeding, shorter hospital stay, a higher diffuse recurrence rate, and a lower incidence of tobacco‐related second primary tumors. Five‐year survival rates after R0 resection were 46% and 45% in the SCC and ADC groups, respectively (p = 0.804). There was a significant survival advantage for ADC patients with pT1, pN0, or stage I tumors (p < 0.050) and different independent prognostic factors than those with SCCs. In conclusion, the clinical, histologic, and oncologic differences between SCC and ADC justify a differentiated therapeutic concept for these two tumor entities and distinct consideration in clinical reports.
The beneficial effects of treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid plus corticosteroid on autoimmune nephritis in NZB/WF1 mice
Authors: Nozaki Y , Yamagata T , Yoo B-S , Sugiyama M , Ikoma S , Kinoshita K , Funauchi M , Kanamaru A 
Published: December 2004

SummaryCorticosteroids are highly effective anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs used commonly to treat human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), which belongs to a class of retinoids that exert immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions, can also suppress the development of lupus nephritis in an animal model. However, both agents can inflict serious adverse effects. Here, we have asked whether ATRA can serve as a steroid-sparing drug in the treatment of lupus nephritis. To examine the efficacy of combining predonisolone (PSL) with ATRA, we treated intraperitoneally New Zealand black/white F1 (NZB/W F1) mice with PSL, ATRA or both agents. Survival rate and proteinuria were determined once a month. Cytokine and anti-DNA antibody production were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Renal histopathology was observed by haematoxylin and periodic acid Schiff (PAS), immunoperoxidase and immunohistochemical assay. Survival rate and proteinuria were improved in all experimental groups, and were much improved in the mice receiving the combination of ATRA and PSL (P &lt; 0·05). A single administration of ATRA reduced the Th1 [interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-12], and a Th2 (IL-4) cytokine level, as effectively as administration of PSL. ATRA also suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the kidney. The combination of PSL and ATRA significantly reduced IgG2 (especially IgG2b)-specific anti-DNA antibody levels in comparison with administration of either agent alone. These data suggest that ATRA might have the potential to act as a new therapeutic and steroid-sparing drug against lupus nephritis.
Influence of age and duration of infection on bacterial load and immune responses to Helicobacter pylori infection in a murine model
Authors: Minoura T , Kato S , Otsu S , Kodama M , Fujioka T , Iinuma K , Nishizono A 
Published: December 2004

Summary
Using a murine model, we previously showed that Helicobacter pylori infects and colonizes offspring via maternal transmission during the nursing period. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of age and duration of infection on inflammatory and immune responses to H. pylori in infant and adult mice. During the breast-feeding period, the number of bacteria was significantly suppressed in 1-week-old mice infected with H. pylori at an early stage of nursing, compared with adult mice, suggesting that breast-milk induces such low colonization. In addition, these mice had weaker gastric inflammation, especially Th1 cytokine and humoral responses than in mice infected with H. pylori after weaning in spite of elevated levels of Th1 cytokines. Although infant mice showed low inflammatory responses against H. pylori, they produced H. pylori-specific antibodies following vaccination with oral or parenteral adjuvant. Our results suggest the importance of age at the time of primary infection on bacterial load, gastric inflammation and humoral responses in a murine model of H. pylori infection.
Endogenous glucocorticoids modulate neutrophil function in a murine model of haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Authors: Gómez S A , Fernández G C , Camerano G , Dran G , Rosa F A , Barrionuevo P , Isturiz M A , Palermo M S 
Published: December 2004

SummaryHaemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) is caused by Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Although, Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2) is responsible for the renal pathogenesis observed in patients, the inflammatory response, including cytokines and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), plays a key role in the development of HUS. Previously, we demonstrated that Stx2 injection generates an anti-inflammatory reaction characterized by endogenous glucocorticoid (GC) secretion, which attenuates HUS severity in mice. Here, we analysed the effects of Stx2 on the pathogenic function of PMN and the potential role of endogenous GC to limit PMN activation during HUS development in a murine model. For this purpose we assessed the functional activity of isolated PMN after in vivo treatment with Stx2 alone or in simultaneous treatment with Ru486 (GC receptor antagonist). We found that Stx2 increased the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) under phobol-myristate-acetate (PMA) stimulation and that the simultaneous treatment with Ru486 strengthened this effect. Conversely, both treatments significantly inhibited in vitro phagocytosis. Furthermore, Stx2 augmented in vitro PMN adhesion to fibrinogen (FGN) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) but not to collagen type I (CTI). Stx2 + Ru486 caused enhanced adhesion to BSA and CTI compared to Stx2. Whereas Stx2 significantly increased migration towards N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), Stx2 + Ru486 treatment enhanced and accelerated this process. The percentage of apoptotic PMN from Stx2-treated mice was higher compared with controls, but equal to Stx2 + Ru486 treated mice. We conclude that Stx2 activates PMN and that the absence of endogenous GC enhances this activation suggesting that endogenous GC can, at least partially, counteract PMN inflammatory functions.
Enhanced interleukin-18 levels in the peripheral blood of children with coeliac disease
Authors: Lettesjö H , Hansson T , Bergqvist Å , Grönlund J , Dannaeus A 
Published: December 2004

SummaryCoeliac disease (CoD) is a small intestinal disorder characterized by villous atrophy, crypt cell hyperplasia and an increased production of T helper cell type 1 (Th1) cytokines. Interleukin (IL)-18 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has a crucial role in maintaining the Th1 response. In this study, the serum levels of IL-18 were measured in children with CoD or other gastrointestinal diseases in order to evaluate the possibility of using IL-18 as a disease activity marker. IL-18 levels were higher in samples from CoD patients [median 443 pg/ml (148–885)] compared to healthy controls [median 205 pg/ml (11–379)], P &lt; 0·05. In contrast, the levels of IL-18 were not enhanced significantly in the serum from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [median 324 pg/ml (207–546)] or in the disease control group [median 303 pg/ml (2–689)]. In CoD patients, after 2 weeks of gluten challenge (GC), serum IL-18 was unchanged [median 268 pg/ml (59–458)] compared to patients on a gluten-free diet [median 220 pg/ml (53–600)], while IL-18 was increased after 12 weeks of GC [median 551 pg/ml (94–952)], P &lt; 0·01. The IL-18 levels correlated with IgA anti-transglutaminase antibody levels (rs = 0·59, P = 0·016) in serum from untreated CoD patients, and IL-18 also followed the degree of small intestinal villous atrophy in 12 out of 19 CoD patients. Our results support the view that serum IL-18 concentrations in children with CoD follow disease activity, suggesting a role for IL-18 in the induction of an inflammatory Th1-response after gluten exposure.
Contribution of Va24+Vb11+ natural killer T cells in Wilsonian hepatitis
Authors: Kinebuchi M , Matsuura A , Ohya K , Abo W , Kitazawa J 
Published: December 2004

SummaryWilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper transport, resulting in copper accumulation and toxicity to the liver and brain. There is no evidence that the WD patient's immune system attacks copper accumulated hepatocytes. Here we describe that the frequency and absolute number of Vα24+Vβ11+ natural killer T (NKT) cells were significantly increased in 3 cases of WD, whereas those of CD3+CD161+ NKT cells were within the normal range. Patients no. 1 and 2 had a presymptomatic form of WD. Their tissue specimens showed pathological changes of mild degeneration of hepatocytes with a few infiltrating mononuclear cells and a low degree of fatty change. Patient no. 3 displayed fulminant hepatitis with Coombs-negative haemolytic anaemia. The tissue specimens of patient no. 3 showed macronodular cirrhosis with thick fibrosis, inflammatory infiltrates and spotty necrosis. Human Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT cells are almost equal to CD1d-restricted NKT cells. Therefore we investigated CD1d-restricted NKT cells in the LEC rat as an animal model of WD. In LEC rats before hepatitis onset, the number and phenotype of liver NKT cells were normal. At about 4 months of age all LEC rats developed acute hepatitis accompanied by acute jaundice, and CD161high NKT cells developed in their livers. CD161highαβTCRbright NKT cells developed in some of them. Their hepatitis was severe. CD161highαβTCRbright NKT cells expressed an invariant rat Vα14-Jα281 chain, which is CD1d-restricted. Furthermore, liver lymphocytes in the acute jaundiced LEC rats with CD161highαβTCRbright NKT cells had significant and CD1d-specific cytotoxic activity.