bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The short‐term effect of hemodialysis on the level of high‐sensitive cardiac troponin T — A systematic review
Authors: Hunderup Michael Mejer , Kampmann Jan Dominik , Kristensen Frans Brandt , Hafsund Marius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but interpreting cardiac troponin is difficult in this population. The effect of renal replacement therapy (RRT) is important to consider when interpreting serial cardiac troponin T (cTnT) results for patients with ESRD suspected of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of this systematic review is to answer how low‐flux hemodialysis (LF‐HD), high‐flux hemodialysis (HF‐HD), and hemodiafiltration (HDF) affect the blood concentration of high‐sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT).MethodSeveral databases were searched and identified records were evaluated independently by two of the authors. Pre‐ and postdialysis hs‐cTnT concentrations together with other relevant data were extracted from the included studies. The quality (potential bias and applicability issues) were assessed for each of the included studies.ResultsThe literature search identified 2,540 records and 15 studies were included. The relative pre‐ to postdialysis change of hs‐cTnT varied from −41 to 29%. LF‐HD increased the hs‐cTnT concentration with relative changes between 2 and 17%. HDF decreased the concentration with relative changes from −41% to −9%. Both increases and decreases were seen for HF‐HD (−16% to 12%).Discussion/ConclusionIn this systematic review, we found LF‐HD to increase the hs‐cTnT concentration and HDF to decrease the concentration. Results for HF‐HD and unspecified HD are more heterogeneous. Because of the differences between the included studies, a meta‐analysis was not meaningful. This systematic review can help with the assessment of patients with ESRD suspected of ACS in relation to hemodialysis/HDF treatment.
RETooling the RET Inhibitor Pralsetinib for ESR1 Fusion–Positive Breast Cancer and Beyond
Authors: Wu Jie , Subbiah Vivek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTranscriptionally active fusions of ESR1 (ESR1-TAF) and somatic mutations in the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) ligand-binding domain (LBD) cause endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer. In searching for therapeutic target kinase(s) in these breast cancers, Gou and colleagues identified FLT4, RET, JAK1, and IGF1R as the top upregulated kinases induced by ESR1-TAFs and ERα LBD mutants in breast cancer cells. Among them, inhibition of RET by pralsetinib suppressed ESR1-TAF–driven and ERα LBD mutant–driven cell proliferation and patient-derived xenograft growth. Pralsetinib is an inhibitor of the RET protein tyrosine kinase that is approved for treating oncogenic RET mutation–positive and RET fusion–positive thyroid cancers and non–small cell lung cancer. The work by Gou and colleagues reinforces the knowledge of RET as an ESR1 target gene and highlights that RET interacts with ERα to promote breast cancer tumorigenesis and antiestrogen resistance. It also raises the prospect of repositioning pralsetinib to target wildtype RET in ER-positive breast cancer.See related article by Gou et al., p. 3237
Distinct Mechanisms of Resistance to CDK4/6 Inhibitors Require Specific Subsequent Treatment Strategies: One Size Does Not Fit All
Authors: Wingate Hannah F. , Keyomarsi Khandan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors have transformed the treatment landscape of patients with hormone receptor–positive breast cancers. However, despite improvements in clinical outcomes, the approximately 70% of patients with tumors that are not intrinsically resistant to a CDK4/6 inhibitor still ultimately acquire resistance, which leads to a dilemma for clinicians when deciding which treatment to offer patients when they demonstrate disease progression on a CDK4/6 inhibitor. As such, many groups have sought to understand the mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors, mostly focusing on genetic alterations associated with resistance. Though several recurrent mutations have been described, they are not consistent enough to guide clinical practice or generate novel rational treatment options. Two recent publications have used transcriptomic analysis to unravel distinct mechanisms driving resistance to individual CDK4/6 inhibitors and in doing so have identified biomarkers that could potentially help identify the next course of treatment for patients following disease progression.
A Landmark Paper That Introduced Proteasome Inhibition in Myeloma
Authors: Devasia Anup Joseph , Lancman Guido , Stewart A. Keith 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The ongoing therapeutic revolution in multiple myeloma care can be traced to the turn of the millennium with the unanticipated discovery in 1999 that the cereblon binding small molecule thalidomide had profound clinical effectiveness and, simultaneously, the emergence of a new class of targeted therapies inhibiting the proteasome, both of which ultimately target ubiquitinated protein degradation. These contemporaneous discoveries forever changed the landscape of multiple myeloma care, substantially extending survival. Foreshadowing this seismic change, Nobel Prize winning work on the proteasome ubiquitin pathway had stimulated the development of highly specific proteasome inhibitor small molecules, particularly PS-341 (later named bortezomib). An abundance of the proteasome in hematologic malignancies had been recognized and thus PS-341 was logically being explored in relevant preclinical models. Concurrent with phase I trials, which were soon to prove the significant clinical relevance of preclinical models, the laboratory of Dr. Kenneth Anderson and colleagues at Dana-Farber, in partnership with Dr. Julian Adams and scientists at ProScript (later Millennium Pharmaceuticals) first demonstrated that the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 inhibited growth, induced apoptosis, and overcame drug resistance in human multiple myeloma cells. This landmark paper in Cancer Research set the stage for a paradigm shift in how multiple myeloma was managed across all stages of the disease, which changed the lives of patients worldwide.
See related article by Hideshima and colleagues, Cancer Res 2001;61:3071–6
Can We De-escalate Therapy for HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer?
Authors: Huppert Laura A. , Rugo Hope S. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryA recent phase Ib/II trial evaluated the combination of tucatinib, letrozole, and palbociclib in patients with HR+/HER2+ metastatic breast cancer, demonstrating a manageable safety profile and encouraging efficacy data. An all-oral, chemotherapy-free regimen is an appealing strategy, and could be a possible maintenance or primary therapy option in select patients.See related article by Shagisultanova et al., p. 5021
Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center: Cancer Prevention Perspective
Authors: Colditz Graham A. , Drake Bettina F. , Eberlein Timothy J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We summarize Siteman Cancer Center catchment that covers 82 counties in southern Illinois and eastern Missouri. We note both the high poverty and cancer rates in many rural counties. Siteman Community Outreach and Engagement has developed a number of strategies to move towards achieving health equity. These include NCI-funded research projects in rural clinics and outreach to improve access to cancer prevention services. To increase capacity for community-engaged research, we have developed and refined a Community Research Fellows Training Program.
Relationship of Personality Traits and Organizational Climate on Work Engagement Among Higher Education Personnel in the Philippines
Authors: Cainday Marie Rosette L. , Chan Francis Alvin O. , Bestuer Gaspar M. 
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the relationship of personality traits and organizational climate on the work engagement of the teaching and non-teaching personnel of West Visayas State University-Janiuay Campus in 2021. This descriptive research was conducted among 81 personnel of the higher education institution. The statistical tools used were frequency count, ranking, mean, and Spearman rho to analyze the data from the survey. Manchester Personality Test (MPQ) version 14.2 was utilized to measure the personality traits of the participants; the Organizational Climate Questionnaire (OCQ) was employed to determine the organizational climate; and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) was utilized to determine their work engagement. The dominant personality traits among teaching and non-teaching personnel are conscientiousness, rationality, and empathy. None of the personality traits have a significant relationship with work engagement. Their work engagement is high, and similarly, they perceived the organizational climate as high as well. Additionally, the dimensions of organizational climate, namely respect, planning and decision-making, innovations, relationships, commitment and morale, role clarity, communication, quality service, and training and learning, have a significant relationship with work engagement. Personnel highly engage themselves in their work given a favorable campus organizational climate, resulting in an enhanced degree of enthusiasm and dedication. Points derived from the findings were identified for consideration for inclusion in the continuous enhancement of the faculty and staff development program on campus, the human resource development plan, and policy-making pertaining to the development of human resources at the university.
Bullying in the SUC's Classroom: A Hidden Epidemic?
Authors: Clores Novy R. 
Published: October 2023

Several literatures have already pointed to the effects of bullying to the learners’ journey in educational institution. Acts of bullying have even evolved from the actual or physical acts to virtual acts brought by the ever increasing ICT saturation around the world. The study explored the prevalence of bullying in SUCs by looking into the profile, the personal interpretation of bullying, the prevalence of bullying in the classroom, the effects of bullying, and the awareness on policies of bullying among tertiary students.
Using cross-sectional survey method with a questionnaire as the main instrument, 95 respondents were tapped. For the findings, majority of the respondents were females aged 18 – 24 years old, Varied definitions of bullying were presented indicating that these acts are done in multiple and in combination of ways by the perpetrators. The most dominant effects of bullying were low self-esteem, depression, shyness, perceived negative school climate and wanting to be left alone. These effects somehow diminished the motivation or desire of the learner to further seeking knowledge in school. Furthermore, learners expressed their frustration and interest in reaching their dreams and aspirations. One of the academic heads of the institution expressed during the interview that while there are existing policies in the institution against bullying, reporting cases of bullying is often problematic. This implies that responsible office could not immediately act on it unless victims come forward. Some said that bullying is part of the growing process and taking it seriously is a sign of immaturity thus it should not be considered as big deal. With respect of the EQ of the victims and non – victims there were significant differences in Self awareness, self motivation and empathy and no significant differences on managing emotions and social skills implying the victims are effective in keeping it among themselves. In conclusion, bullying is prevalent in SUCs and it is the method of reporting of cases that causes a seemingly lack of action on the part of the authorities. It is therefore recommended that inclusion of reporting mechanism and vigorous campaign against bullying must be included in the school academic manual. Furthermore, everyone in the institution should work hand in hand to halt this hidden epidemic.
Abstract 290: Circulating FAS Is A Novel Serum-based Diagnostic Biomarker For PAD
Authors: Abu-Amer Wahid Y , Meade Rodrigo , Roberts Sophia , Belaygorod Larisa , Zaghloul Mohamed , Penrose Amanda , Arif Batool , Semenkovich Clay F , Zayed Mohamed A 
Published: October 2023

A persistent challenge is the lack of reliable serum diagnostic tests for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Serum cholesterol levels lack sensitivity for PAD and are not predictive of disease progression. Our team previously demonstrated that serum circulating Fatty Acid Synthase (cFAS) correlates with incidence of PAD and does not correlate with serum lipids. Therefore, we hypothesized that cFAS can be an independent diagnostic biomarker for PAD in a larger cohort, with or without diabetes.
An IRB-approved consecutive (2014-2018) cohort was used to identify individuals with PAD/diabetes, as well as healthy controls. Consented patients provided a serum sample, and total cFAS content was measured with ELISA. Demographics and incidence of PAD/diabetes were collected from chart review. Serum cFAS and demographics were compared, and regression was used to determine correlations with cFAS.
A total of 165 patients met inclusion criteria. Of these, 61 (37%) had PAD and diabetes (Group 1), 64 (38.8%) had PAD and no diabetes (Group 2), and 40 (24.2%) were healthy controls (Group 3). Compared to Group 3, Groups 1&2 were significantly older, had more males, and higher incidence of cardiovascular co-morbidities (p<0.001). Compared to Group 2, Group 1 had a higher incidence of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease, CHF, and HTN (p<0.05). Despite these differences, both Groups 1&2 had significantly higher serum cFAS content than Group 3 (p<0.01 and p=0.01, respectively). In the whole cohort, there were significant correlations between cFAS and PAD severity and between cFAS and smoking status. (p=0.02, p=0.01 respectively).
Our study suggests that cFAS can serve as an independent serum-based diagnostic biomarker for PAD, regardless of diabetes status. Future studies will further validate this serum biomarker and determine its predictive value for identifying individuals who are at highest risk of disease progression.
Abstract 704: Autophagy Activation Promotes Atherosclerosis Regression
Authors: Robichaud Sabrina , Rochon Valérie , Emerton Chrissy , Ouimet Mireille I 
Published: October 2023

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the deposition of cholesterol-rich plaques within the artery wall that are primarily comprised of macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) foam cells. Atherogenesis is associated with a progressive defect in autophagy, a cell process that promotes cellular cholesterol homeostasis by degrading excess lipids and promoting cholesterol efflux. We recently showed that during atherosclerosis
progression,
autophagy and cholesterol efflux to HDL was particularly defective in VSMC foam cells as compared to macrophage foam cells. While previous studies have shown that autophagy activation of transcription factor EB by trehalose protects against atherosclerosis, the ability of this therapeutic compound to shrink pre-existing atherosclerotic plaque (atherosclerosis
regression
) is unknown.

We hypothesized that activating autophagy with trehalose would promote atherosclerosis regression in mice by enhancing macrophage and VSMC reverse cholesterol transport.
Mice were injected with a gain of function PCSK9 adeno-associated virus and fed a Western Diet for 16 weeks to promote atherosclerotic plaque progression, followed by a switch to chow diet for 6 weeks to induce plaque regression. During the regression phase, mice received sub-cutaneous injections of saline or trehalose biweekly. Aortic sinuses were evaluated for changes in plaque size and lipid content. Circulating immune cells were quantified by flow cytometry.
A switch to chow diet decreased circulating inflammatory and patrolling monocytes as compared to baseline, although no changes between the trehalose and saline treatment groups were observed. Oil Red O staining revealed a decrease in plaque lipid content in trehalose-treated mice as compared to the saline group, suggesting that autophagy activation in mice during atherosclerosis regression promotes favorable plaque remodeling.
Our data demonstrates the therapeutic potential of autophagy activation in reducing atherosclerotic plaque burden. Further analysis of autophagy and inflammatory markers to characterize the mechanisms by which trehalose improves atherosclerosis regression is ongoing.
Linking Instantaneous and Climatological Perspectives on Eddy-Driven and Subtropical Jets
Authors: Spensberger Clemens , Li Camille , Spengler Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The distinction between eddy-driven and subtropical jets is conceptually important and well-founded based on different driving mechanisms and dominant types of variability. This climatological perspective may be augmented by considering instantaneous maxima in the wind field and linking these to the time-mean jets. Inspired by EOF and cluster analyses to explore the variability in jet occurrences, we propose a straightforward framework that naturally distinguishes subtropical from eddy-driven jets in instantaneous data. We document that for most ocean basins, there is a clear bimodality in instantaneous jet occurrences in potential temperature–wind speed space. The two types of jets in this phase space align well with the conceptual expectations for subtropical and eddy-driven jets regarding their vertical structure as well as their regional occurrence. Interestingly, the bimodality in phase space is most pronounced in the western North Pacific during winter. The climatological jet in this region is typically regarded as “merged,” resulting from a mixture of thermal driving and eddy driving. Our results clarify that the strongest instantaneous jets in this region are classified as subtropical, with eddy-driven jets occurring in close proximity to the climatological mean jet, though weaker and slightly more poleward. We also show that the regions of climatological transition from predominantly subtropical to predominantly eddy-driven jets are just downstream of the strongest climatological jets.
How Have Hydrological Extremes Changed over the Past 20 Years?
Authors: Li Bailing , Rodell Matthew 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Severe floods and droughts, including their back-to-back occurrences (weather whiplash), have been increasing in frequency and severity around the world. Improved understanding of systematic changes in hydrological extremes is essential for preparation and adaptation. In this study, we identified and quantified extreme wet and dry events globally by applying a clustering algorithm to terrestrial water storage (TWS) data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (FO). The most intense events, ranked using an intensity metric, often reflect impacts of large-scale oceanic oscillations such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation and consequences of climate change. The severity of both wet and dry events, represented by standardized TWS anomalies, increased significantly in most cases, likely associated with intensification of wet and dry weather regimes in a warmer world, and consequently, exhibited strongest correlation with global temperature. In the Dry climate, the number of wet events decreased while the number of dry events increased significantly, suggesting a drying trend that may be attributed to climate variability and possible increases in irrigation and reliance on groundwater. In the Continental climate where temperature has risen faster than global average, dry events increased significantly. Characteristics of extreme events often showed strong correlations with global temperature, especially when averaged over all climates. These results suggest changes in hydrological extremes and underscore the importance of quantifying total water storage changes when studying hydrological extremes. Extending the GRACE/FO record, which spans 2002 to the present, is essential to continuously tracking changes in TWS and hydrological extremes.
Type Synthesis of Fully Decoupled Three Translational Parallel Mechanism with Closed-Loop Units and High Stiffness
Authors: Li Shihua , Wang Sen , Li Haoran , Wang Yongjie , Chen Shuang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn order to solve the problem of weak stiffness of the existing fully decoupled parallel mechanism, a new synthesis method of fully decoupled three translational (3T) parallel mechanisms (PMs) with closed-loop units and high stiffness is proposed based on screw theory. Firstly, a new criterion for the full decoupled of PMs is presented that the reciprocal product of the transmission wrench screw matrix and the output twist screw matrix of PMs is a diagonal matrix, and all elements on the main diagonal are nonzero constants. The forms of the transmission wrench screws are determined by the criterion. Secondly, the forms of the actuated and unactuated screws can be obtained according to their relationships with the transmission wrench screws. The basic decoupled limbs are generated by combination of the above actuated and unactuated screws. Finally, a closed-loop units construction method is investigated to apply the decoupled mechanisms in a better way on the high stiffness occasion. The closed-loop units are constructed in the basic decoupled limbs to generate a high-stiffness fully decoupled 3T PM. Kinematic and stiffness analyses show that the Jacobian matrix is a diagonal matrix, and the stiffness is obviously higher than that of the coupling mechanisms, which verifies the correctness of the proposed synthesis method. The mechanism synthesized by this method has a good application prospect in vehicle durability test platform.
An unusual case of thrombotic storm in an amateur cricketer—a case report
Authors: Shankar Takshak , Vempalli Nagasubramanyam , Bairwa Archana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Thrombotic storm is a series of acute to subacute thrombotic events that evolve over a few days to weeks and result in progressive thromboses at multiple sites. There is often a predisposing event to thromboses, such as trauma or infections. Prompt initiation of anti-coagulation can prove life-saving in such patients.

Case report
We describe a previously healthy young male who developed thromboses of the right axillary, brachial, radial, and ulnar arteries while bowling in a cricket match. A few hours later, he developed a stroke involving the right anterior and middle cerebral arteries. His thrombophilia workup was significant for elevated homocysteine levels. Although he had a delayed presentation to our hospital, he was treated with anticoagulation and given a trial of thromboembolectomy, which failed and he had to ultimately undergo a right below-elbow guillotine amputation.

Conclusion
Thrombotic storm should be recognized promptly in the Emergency Department and timely anticoagulation should be initiated.