bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of individualized facial growth prediction models using artificial intelligence and partial least squares based on the Mathews growth collection
Authors: Roseth Jeffrey , Kim Jong-Hak , Moon Jun-Ho , Ko Dong-Yub , Oh Heesoo , Lee Shin-Jae , Suh Heeyeon 
Published: January 2025

Objectives
To develop facial growth prediction models using artificial intelligence (AI) under various conditions, and to compare performance of these models with each other as well as with the partial least squares (PLS) growth prediction model.

Materials and Methods
Longitudinal lateral cephalograms from 33 subjects in the Mathews growth collection were utilized. A total of 1257 pairs of before and after growth lateral cephalograms were included. In each image, 46 hard and 32 soft tissue landmarks were manually identified. Growth prediction models were constructed using a deep learning method based on TabNet deep neural network and partial least squares (PLS) method. Prediction accuracies of the two methods were compared.

Results
On average, artificial intelligence (AI) showed 0.61 mm less prediction error than PLS. Among the 77 predicted landmarks, AI was more accurate than PLS in 60 landmarks. When comparing AI models with varying numbers of training epochs, those with higher epochs yielded more accurate predictions. Overall, PLS and AI exhibited greater prediction errors for soft tissue and mandibular landmarks compared to hard tissue and maxillary landmarks. However, AI showed a smaller increase in prediction error in areas with greater variability.

Conclusions
AI proved to be a valuable growth prediction method, with clinically acceptable prediction errors averaging 1.49 mm for 45 hard tissue landmarks and 1.71 mm for 32 soft tissue landmarks. PLS accurately predicted landmarks with low variability. However, AI generally outperformed PLS, particularly for landmarks in the lower part of the craniofacial structure and soft tissue, where uncertainty is considerable.
Lynch syndrome screening in colorectal and endometrial cancers in Iceland
Authors: Kluvers Katla R. , Tryggvason Thordur , Stefansdottir Vigdis , Jonasson Jon G. , Snaebjornsson Petur , Haraldsdottir Sigurdis 
Published: January 2025

Background and purpose: Screening for Lynch syndrome (LS) with mismatch repair (MMR) protein immunohistochemistry (IHC) in all patients with newly diagnosed colorectal (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC) was implemented in Iceland in 2017. The aim of the study is to assess the accuracy of screening in 2020–2022 and compare it to 2017–2019 when screening was initiated.
Patients/materials and methods: All patients diagnosed with CRC and EC according to the Icelandic Cancer Registry in 2020–2022 were included. Screening results were crossmatched with a genotyping database from deCODE to calculate sensitivity and specificity for LS detection.
Results: In 2020–2022, 429 of 522 (82%) diagnosed CRCs were stained and 90 of 106 (85%) ECs, compared to 74% of CRCs and 82% of ECs in 2017–2019. The screening protocol was followed in 90% of cases for CRCs and 95% of cases for ECs compared to 89% and 68% during 2017–2019. The sensitivity of IHC as a screening method for LS was 70% and specificity 88% with a positive and negative predictive value of 8.4% and 99.4%, respectively.
Interpretation: Three LS cases were missed with MMR IHC (1 MSH6 and 2 PMS2 carriers), it is possible these patients had sporadic cancers unrelated to their LS carrier status. MSH6 and PMS2 deficiency strongly predicts LS in Iceland.
Hubungan Dukungan Sosial, Beban Belajar, Kecerdasan Emosional, Kejenuhan, dan Prestasi Belajar Matematika
Authors: Sarwo Edy  , Syaiful Huda  , Pratama Maulana Putra  
Published: January 2025

Dukungan sosial, beban belajar, kecerdasan emosional, kejenuhan belajar siswa merupakan hal-hal yang siswa alami secara psikologis dalam mempelajari matematika. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai keterkaitan antara dukungan sosial, beban belajar, kecerdasan emosional, kejenuhan belajar, dan prestasi belajar matematika. Sebanyak 377 sampel siswa diambil datanya dengan menggunakan kuisioner untuk mengetahui kertekaitan tersebut. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), terdiri dari measurement model dan structural model melalui program Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial memiliki pengaruh terhadap beban belajar, kecerdasan emosional, kejenuhan belajar, dan prestasi belajar matematika; beban belajar memiliki pengaruh terhadap kejenuhan belajar; kecerdasan emosional memiliki pengaruh terhadap beban belajar dan kejenuhan belajar. Diskusi keterkaitan hubungan antara variabel tersebut dibahas dengan mengaitkan dengan penelitian yang relevan..
Images from Portuguese late colonialism by the lens of women photographers
Authors: Vieira Gomes Inês 
Published: January 2025

This article examines the uses of photography by women within the Lusophone Africa and will consider what part their images played in the production of the colonial imaginary. The aim of this article is to survey the work of women who produced knowledge through the photographic lens and to question their absence in Portuguese historiography. By recognising women as active agents of the empire allows to give visibility to women photographers in colonial spaces while also refuting the label “women” as being a homogeneous category.
Considering some case studies, I will focus on the production of some women photographers from different backgrounds and with distinct purposes through a chronological perspective with the assumption of the relevant women’s contribution to the history of photography.
Successful surgical management of aural hematoma with the application of polycaprolactone splint in 7 dogs and 3 cats
Authors: Xie Yixing , Deng Yintong , Teng Xiaying , Li Heyu , Li Linghao , Xv Dongxin , Chen Yizhou 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To report cases of aural hematoma (AH) in 7 dogs and 3 cats treated with polycaprolactone (PCL) splint application.

ANIMALS
7 dogs and 3 cats.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
4 dogs and 2 cats presented with generalized AH, whereas 3 dogs and 1 cat presented with localized AH. All cases were investigated between December 2022 and June 2024. The hematoma area was measured to allow appropriate sizing of the PCL splint material. The surgery involved aspirating the hematoma and applying PCL splints to the auricle with sutures.

RESULTS
The mean time of PCL splint application was 16.3 ± 4.6 days for all animals. Clinical signs were resolved in 5 dogs and 3 cats (8 of 10 AHs [80%]). Complications occurred in 3 cases. Two dogs (2 of 10 AHs [20%]) experienced recurrence at 7 and 10 days, which was suspected to be associated with the premature removal of the PCL splints; new PCL splints were applied to these dogs, and no recurrence of AH was observed upon their removal at 21 and 23 days. One dog exhibited localized wrinkling of the auricle. There were no other cases of recurrent AH during the long-term follow-up period of > 6 months.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The PCL splint application is safe and efficacious for treating AH in dogs and cats, whether localized or generalized, initial or recurrent. This simple surgical procedure minimizes iatrogenic skin trauma, and this approach may represent a valid alternative to other available treatments.
Environment Uncertainty, Earnings Volatility and Their Role in Financial Statement Fraud?
Authors: Lin Oktris  , Agustin Fadjarenie  , Apollo Daito  , Zuha Rosufila Bt Abu Hasan  
Published: January 2025

This study examines the influence of environmental uncertainty (EU) and earnings volatility (EV) on fraudulent financial statements (FFS) in Indonesia’s manufacturing sector. The research utilises observational data from 902 instances across 188 manufacturing companies from 2019 to 2023, employing multiple regression analysis to test the relationships between variables. The results reveal that EV has a significant positive effect on FFS, while EU does not show a significant impact. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative approach, considering the interactive effects between EU and EV, which have been underexplored in previous literature. The findings suggest that high earnings volatility can be an early indicator of financial statement manipulation. The practical implications emphasise the importance of closely monitoring earnings volatility by regulators and auditors as a preventive measure against financial fraud and strengthening internal control mechanisms and corporate governance to minimise the risk of financial statement manipulation.
Using the GPR Method to Detect Weak Zones in the Soil underneath the Foundation of the Ghaidan Building, Karbala City, Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Ammar J. 
Published: January 2025

The study area holds great importance as it is situated in the historically significant region of Karbala, one of the most religious centers in the entire Islamic world. The Al-Hussein and Al-Abbas holy shrines are religious and archaeological sites, for more than 600 years ago. Karbala has more importance for all Islamic peoples because it is the place of Al-Imam Al-Hussein and his brother Al-Abbas holy shrines and martyr graves of Al-Hussein family and friends whom they had martyred beside him in Al-Tuff battle in the year 61 hijri. The word Karbala means soft earth, but historically, it meant life and safety. According to old Iraqi language the name of Karbala was country of safety. Ghaidan building is located at the center of Karbala about 100 km south of Baghdad. It is a modern building that was built in 2020 on soil containing the ruins of an old building. The area of the building is 71 m2 and its dimensions are 6.20m ×11.45m. A differential settlement of the soil occurred due to the dewatering process for a nearby building, which led to the withdrawal of fine soil particles and consequently the occurrence of cavities, and then differential settlement, which led to its inclination towards the southeast. The main purpose of conducting a Ground Penetrating Radar survey is to identify areas of weakness in the soil underneath the foundation of the building. The presence of cavities and weak zones in the soil underneath the foundation caused a movement of the building structure towards the southeastern side, which represents the front part of the building. It is indicated that the soil underneath the foundation down to 5.5 m is relatively loose (i.e., not compacted), which causes differential settlement and affects, to a large extent, the building structures.
African Customary Law and the Issue of Institutionalised Women’s Rights Abuse in Southern Africa
Authors: Kamdem Kamga Gerard Emmanuel 
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article is to explore the extent to which women’s rights in the southern African region have been subject to abuses in an environment that does not do much to deter such abuses. It provides insights into the institutionalised tension between African customary law and so-called modern law that date back to the colonial period. Women’s rights abuse experienced today is the result of the difficult co-existence between modern law and African customary law. The obvious form of these abuses is observable through the institutionalised incapacitation of women with focus on South Africa and Zimbabwe. By institutionalised, I mean the action or lack of action from the executive, judiciary and legislature to address this scourge.
Troubled Sea Off the Coast of West and Central Africa: Insights into the Gulf of Guinea’s Upsurge in Maritime (in) Security and its Impact on Human Rights and the Rule of Law
Authors: Kamga Gerard Emmanuel Kamdem 
Published: January 2025

In this article, I review the upsurge in maritime (in) security in the Gulf of Guinea and its impact on human rights and the rule of law. For the past decade, the area has become a zone of recurrent naval threats for the shipping industry owing to repeated incidents of piracy, armed robbery against ships, kidnapping and transnational organised crime activities. Meanwhile, there has been an inflation of trans-border, intraregional and interregional cooperation agreements to tackle this issue. Despite such agreements, recent statistics confirm that the situation has not improved. The Gulf of Guinea, a strategic region in the maritime environment, has now become the world’s most dangerous area in terms of illicit maritime activities and human rights violations. This complexity between the surge of insecurity on the sea off the coast of West and Central Africa and the initiatives to remedy this phenomenon is the core of my analysis.
Views of postgraduate students and postgraduates with reference to the competency-based postgraduate training programme for MD in pharmacology
Authors: Patel Dimbhrudra , Patharkar Jayant Trimbakrao , Narwane Sandeep 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
The curriculum for MD pharmacology was revised by the National Medical Commission in India in 2022. Hence, to know the views of postgraduate (PG) students and PG for the changes done and have future suggestions, this study was conducted.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional observational study. The questionnaire was shared in the form of a Google link, which was kept open for 1 month, and the candidates were requested to share the message along with a link to the questionnaire with their colleagues in India. The study population was PG students in MD pharmacology and PGs from India. The sample size included all the responses (116) received within a month. The sampling method was Snowball Sampling. The data were collected in the form of a Google sheet and analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results:
One hundred and sixteen responses were collected after 30 days of sharing the link of Google Forms. Forty students and 76 PGs participated in the study. It was found that the majority of PG students and PGs believe that most changes from the new curriculum are required, except the inclusion of the District Residency Programme (DRP), Mandatory rotational postings and animal experiments.

Conclusion:
A new programme would be adequate, but it would be challenging to implement. DRP, Animal experiments and Mandatory rotational postings (according to the views of PG students) were perceived to be unimportant in the new program. Otherwise, in the views of Pharmacologists, the new programme is a welcome change.
Early use of targeted blood patch in spontaneous intracranial hypotension presenting with bilateral subdural hematomas and acute infarcts
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad , Ashraf Mohammad , Muquit Samiul 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a rare but important condition characterized by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, typically presenting with postural headaches. In severe cases, SIH can result in subdural hematomas (SDHs), brain herniation, and acute infarcts. The 2023 SIH guidelines recommend starting with nontargeted epidural blood patches as the initial treatment, with up to two attempts before considering a targeted patch. Nontargeted patches are effective in most cases by distributing blood widely in the epidural space. However, in rapidly deteriorating patients, targeted blood patches may be necessary, especially when a specific leak site has been identified. This report highlights the importance of timely, targeted interventions in severe SIH cases.

Case Description:
A 34-year-old male presented with a 6-month history of worsening headaches, impaired mobility, and stupor. On admission, his Glasgow Coma Scale was 12, which rapidly deteriorated to 5. Imaging revealed bilateral chronic SDHs, cerebellar tonsillar herniation, and signs of intracranial hypotension despite no history of trauma or anticoagulant use. Initial surgical evacuation of the hematomas failed to improve the patient’s neurological status. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography myelogram identified a CSF leak at the T12 level. Given the patient’s critical state and rapid neurological decline, we opted for a targeted epidural blood patch at the L1/2 level. This intervention led to significant clinical improvement, with follow-up imaging demonstrating a reduction in the subdural collections and resolution of the leak. The patient fully recovered and remained asymptomatic at a 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the need for flexibility in SIH management, particularly in severe cases with acute neurological decline. While nontargeted blood patches are typically recommended, early use of a targeted patch when imaging identifies the leak can lead to faster resolution and improved outcomes. Personalized treatment strategies are essential for managing complex SIH presentations and preventing further neurological complications.
The epidemiology of motorcycle-related acute traumatic brain injury: The NOMADEN study
Authors: Nugroho Aryandhito Widhi , Masrika Nur Upik En 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Although persisting to be a public health hazard in Indonesia, motorcycle-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to road traffic accidents (RTA) lacks comprehensive national data. We aim to study the epidemiological pattern of motorcycle-related TBI and analyze the determinants related to mortality in the only neurosurgical center in the rural province of North Maluku, Indonesia.

Methods:
Using the North Maluku Database in Neurosurgery register, information regarding age, sex, health insurance, alcohol use, point of referral, degree of severity, brain computed tomography abnormalities, helmet use, surgery, injury-to-admission time (IAT), and relationship to the motorcycle were obtained from patients admitted to Chasan Boesoirie General Hospital, Ternate, in 2021–2022. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate associations with in-hospital mortality.

Results:
Of all RTA-related TBI patients (n = 353), 91.8% (n = 324) were caused by motorcycle collision (mean age ± standard deviation of 30.5 ± 16.7 years old). The majority were motorcyclists (66.7%), male (64.8%), IAT >4 h (55.9%), financed by non-Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional mechanism (66.4%), not under alcohol influence (78.4%), referred from Ternate (55.2%), and suffered mild TBI (75%). Thirty patients (9.3%) succumbed to death. Moreover, 9.3% and 91.2% were ≤17 years old and helmetless. Glasgow coma scale and IAT were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.58 [0.49–0.68] and 5.44 [1.00–30.34], respectively).

Conclusion:
The young and productive males dominated the motorcycle-related TBI patients in North Maluku. Poor compliance with road traffic laws, as demonstrated by a considerable proportion of underage, alcohol-intoxicated, and helmetless patients, necessitated prompt actions from all related elements.
Efforts To Improve Learning Outcomes Of Basic Techniques Of Pencak Silat Scrick Kicks Through Use Of Pecing Media In The Classroom VIII.A State Middle School 14 Tanralili Maros District
Authors: Ali M , Rachmat Kasmad Muhammad , Nawir Nukhrawi , Hudain Muh. Adnan , Mutmainnah Mutmainnah 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of basic pencak silat sickle kick techniques in the martial arts sport of pencak silat through the utilization of pecing media tools in class VIII.A students of SMP Negeri 14 Tanralili Maros Regency, the research used is class action research. This research method is Classroom Action Research which consists of 2 cycles and 1 pre-cycle as an initial observation. Data collection techniques using observation, namely looking for classes that have low levels of learning completeness, tests using sickle kick assessments, and documentation. The results of the research in the initial observation with a total of 32 students reached an average learning outcome of 71 with 37.50% of students completing. Cycle I learning outcomes reached an average of 76 with 53.12% of students complete. Cycle II learning outcomes reached an average of 81 with the number of students completed by 93.75%. The conclusion that the basic technique of pencak silat sickle kick with the use of pecing media can improve student learning outcomes.
One health investigation following a cluster of Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever, North Macedonia, July to November 2023
Authors: Jakimovski Dejan , Banović Pavle , Spasovska Katerina , Rangelov Goran , Cvetanovska Marija , Cana Fadil , Simin Verica , Bogdan Ivana , Mijatović Dragana , Cvetkovikj Aleksandar , Djadjovski Igor , Christova Iva , Meletis Eleftherios , Kostoulas Polychronis , Zana Brigitta , Lanszki Zsófia , Görföl Tamás , Tauber Zsófia , Kemenesi Gabor 
Published: January 2025

Background
Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness characterised by fever, bleeding and high case-fatality rates. The disease is caused by CCHF virus (CCHFV), transmitted by ticks and infectious body fluids and tissues.

Aim
After CCHF was diagnosed in three persons in 2023, we aimed to investigate the presence of antibodies against CCHFV in healthcare workers (HCW), sheep and goats, and of CCHFV in ticks, in an area in North Macedonia and characterise virus strains.

Methods
In 2023, we collected blood samples from HCWs involved in treating CCHF patients and sera and ticks from sheep and goats in the village in North Macedonia where the index case resided. The blood samples were analysed by ELISA. Ticks were tested for presence of CCHFV, and the virus from a CCHF case was sequenced.

Results
Samples from four of 52 HCWs and 10 of 17 small ruminants had antibodies against CCHFV. The virus was not detected from any of the 24 Rhipicephalus bursa ticks. The virus strain from the index case clustered with regional strains within the Europe-1 lineage (genotype V) group and was closest to strains from Kosovo‡.

Conclusion
This report shows CCHFV is endemic in North Macedonia. Raising awareness of the risk factors and educating people about the measures they can take to reduce exposure to the virus is important. Healthcare workers need to be aware of the disease. Early detection, robust diagnostic methods, surveillance and collaborative efforts are necessary to prevent and control CCHF in the affected regions.
Probabilistic Multiple poly Bernoulli Polynomials of the Second kind
Authors: Lee Si Hyeon , Chen li  
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the probabilistic multiple poly Bernoulli polynomials of the second kind under the condition that Y is a random variable. This means that we will consider the probabilistic extension of the multiple poly Bernoulli polynomials of the second kind and study to obtain some new results. Furthermore, we investigate their interesting properties.
Ulam Stability of a Pexiderized Additive-quadratic Equation
Authors: Dehghanian Mehdi , Sayyari Yamin , Donganont Siriluk , Park Choonkil 
Published: January 2025

Suppose that $E$ is a normed space. In this work, using Brzd{\c{e}}k fixed point theorem, we prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of the Pexiderized additive-quadratic functional equation\begin{align*}f(x+y)+f(x-y)+h(x+y)=2f(x)+2f(y)+h(x)+h(y)\end{align*}for all $x,y\in E$.