bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ten-month In Vitro Study of Marginal Adaptation and Micropermeability in Class II Restorations Made with Matrix-modified Composites
Authors: Yantcheva Sevda 
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present in vitro study was to compare the marginal adaptation and micropermeability of class II restorations with a gingival wall, located 1 mm below the enamel-cementum junction, restored with two conventional dimethacrylate composites (Filtek P60 and Filtek Ultimate), and two innovative composites with a modified polymer matrix (Venus Diamond and Kalore) over ten months of ageing. The marginal adaptation to the proximal margins of the cavity was analyzed and evaluated by the SEM. The dye method was used to assess the micropermeability, and the analysis was performed using a stereomicroscope. The same samples were used for both studies. A correlation analysis was done based on the data to establish the relationships between marginal adaptation and micropermeability.

A statistically significant difference in the estimates for marginal adaptation of materials to the gingival, vestibular, and lingual proximal edges for values of excellent marginal adaptation ($$p<0.005$$) was found.
F.P60 differed significantly from V. Diamond and F. Ultimate. Kalore is arranged in the middle and does not differ considerably from the above two groups. According to micro permeability, a significant difference was found between F. Ultimate with better results and F.P60 and Kalore ($$p<0.005$$). There was a significant correlation ($$p=0.008$$) between the excellent scores for marginal adaptation to the edge of the gingival wall and micropermeability. It can be concluded that innovative high-molecular-weight composites do not significantly improve marginal adaptation and micropermeability in class II cavities, with a gingival wall located entirely in dentin.
Community Composition and Dynamics of Butterflies in Different Microhabitats of Central Aravalli Hill Regions of Ajmer District, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Sharma Bhaskar , Choudhary Rounak , Sharma Vivek , Dutta Subroto , Chandra Subhash 
Published: October 2023

Aims: Butterflies are the symbol and target species for conservation in many parts of the world, and are key indicators of an environment's ecological status. The abundance, brief generation time, quick movement, and sensitivity to climatic changes of the butterfly fauna make it a significant predictor. It is crucial for effective and suitable butterfly protection to conduct research on biodiversity, ecology, and habitat suitability.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ajmer City, Rajasthan, India. The four sites for butterfly collection were Open Land, Scrub Land, Aravalli Hills, and MDS University Campus to reflect the variety of environments in Ajmer. Scrub land makes up 1.5 km2, open ground 1.3 km2, the MDS University campus 0.5 km2, and the Aravalli hills 2 km2 of the 5.3 km2 research regions.
Methodology: For butterfly studies, the Pollard walk technique was used, with 20 fixed transects placed stratified and randomly across four environments. Adult butterfly individuals were noted while walking at a slow, steady speed within a assumptive 5 m radius and Alpha and Beta diversity analysis was performed using PAST 4.06 and Microsoft Excel 2010
Results: During the study, 54 butterfly species from five groups were identified. The most diverse families were Nymphalidae and Pieridae, then Lycaenidae, Hesperiidae, Papilionidae.
Conclusion: It is essential to track changes in the butterfly population as an indicator for climate and human impacts because they are sensitive to changes in their surroundings, they perform functions like pollinating various plant species. However, by planting appropriate trees, plants, and other vegetation that will support the organisms' continued health, we can at least try to lessen them. At a minimum, this attempt will prevent the common species from facing extinction.
Evaluation of Morphometric Parameter for Prioritization of Kantori Nala Milli Watershed
Authors: Keshri Ravish , Tripathi M. P. , Khalkho Dhiraj , Verma S. K. , Verma Shruti 
Published: October 2023

Watershed morphological and hydrological properties can be derived from the drainage morphometric parameter. Morphometric analysis with the help of remote sensing and GIS techniques is considered to be the most useful approach for prioritization of watersheds. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the morphometric parameters of Kantori nala milli watershed located at Mahasamund district of Chhattisgarh state, India. This study outlines the significance of digital elevation model for assessment of drainage pattern and extraction of relative parameters. Milli watershed was automatically delineated and divided into eleven micro watersheds MWS 1 to MWS 11 on the basis of topography from the Depression less Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with 10 m resolution prepared by Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique. Stream order in study area milli watershed ranges from one to two. Each parameter has been assigned their ranks according to their value. Thereafter, an average value of the rank score for each of the micro watershed is calculated. The micro watershed with the lowest compound factor (Cp) was given the highest prioritized rank out of the group of micro watersheds, and vice versa. The result from the priority ranking of morphometric analysis shows that MWS 7 is having high priority while MWS 8 is having low priority. Micro watersheds MWS 9 and MWS 11 falls under same priority i.e. 6 and also micro watersheds MWS 2 and MWS 4 falls under same priority i.e. 7. To control soil erosion, various land rehabilitation programmes and bioengineering methods should be adopted on the micro watershed of high priority categories, followed by medium and low priority categories.
A Review of Medical Waste, its Environmental Consequences and Management Strategies: A Burning Issue of the Present Day Society
Authors: Bano Haleema , Hamid Fozia , Bhat M. Ashraf , Bhat Burgish P. , Mir Umar A. , Bhat Tariq Ahmad , Rather Rauoof Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

Medical waste has enormous consequences for human health and the environment. It has the potential to cause severe disease, if not death. If drugs end up near wildlife refuges like parks, lakes, and other natural environments, whole populations of species might be wiped off therefore its management is vital due to the potential for environmental and public health hazards, especially in countries which are in the process of development. It is crucial to collect data and examples from a developed nation or a nation with an efficient medical waste management system. Cities are expected to accommodate 65 percent of the globe's population by 2030. The amount of residential waste produced in Mumbai on a regular basis is approximated to be the equal of an eight-story building complex. The atmosphere in cities is so bad that an estimated two million kids under the age of five die from respiratory problems each year. Hospitals, retail stores selling vegetables, seafood, and other items, as well as bus stops, train stations, and amusement parks, are all filthy and serve as breedi­ng grounds for dangerous diseases. In developing nations like India, the amount of trash generated by hospitals is significantly rising, hence monitoring is important. The growing interest for public health excellence and pollution management, necessities that the large quantity of hazardous waste be rendered as innocuous very quickly, prior to its disposal. The main aim of this paper is to highlight the issues surrounding medical waste, its environmental repercussions, and the management procedure.
In vitro and In vivo Evaluation of Fungicides against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz. & Sacc) in Mango
Authors: Verma Sushma , Sahu Shanta , Choudhary Ajay , Panchouli Lokesh Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Six fungicides were evaluated against the anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz. & Sacc) through poison food technique under in vitro conditions and through foliar sprays under field conditions. Under In vitro conditions carbendazim (50%) WP @ 0.1% completely inhibited mycelial growth while carbendazim (12%) + mancozeb (63%) WP @ 0.1% was found most effective in terms of Percent Diseases Index(27.55%), Per cent Disease Control (60%) and maximum yield (122.61 kg/tree) under field conditions.
Promoting longevity with less cancer: The 2022 International Conference on Aging and Cancer
Authors: Cui Yan , Wang Kai , Jiang Danli , Jiang Yizhou , Shi Dawei , DeGregori James , Waxman Samuel , Ren Ruibao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAging and cancer are increasingly becoming big challenges for public health worldwide due to increased human life expectancy. Meanwhile, aging is one of the major risk factors for cancer. In December 2019, the first International Conference on Aging and Cancer was held in Haikou, Hainan province (island), China, preluding the establishment of the International Center for Aging and Cancer (ICAC) at Hainan, an institute dedicated to the research at the intersection of aging and cancer. Since then, the ICAC has hosted the annual conference each December in Hainan. The 2022 ICAC conference, with the theme of “promoting longevity with less cancer,” invited 17 internationally renowned scientists to share their new research and insights. Topics included DNA methylation in rejuvenation, development, and cellular senescence; lifespan regulation and longevity manipulation; metabolism and aging; cellular senescence and diseases; and novel therapeutics for cancer and antiaging/anticancer drug discovery. The forum highlighted the interconnectedness of aging and senescence with cancer evolution and risk. Although there is hope for preventing diseases like cancer by modulating systems that also control lifespan, attention has to be paid to the conflicting needs and competing demands in human biology.
Tuning Blood–Material Interactions to Generate Versatile Hemostatic Powders and Gels
Authors: Wang Xueru , Yuan Kai , Su Yang , Li Xiaoyue , Meng Limin , Zhao Nana , Hu Yang , Duan Feng , Xu Fu‐Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolymer‐based hemostatic materials/devices have been increasingly exploited for versatile clinical scenarios, while there is an urgent need to reveal the rational design/facile approach for procoagulant surfaces through regulating blood–material interactions. In this work, degradable powders (PLPS) and thermoresponsive gels (F127‐PLPS) are readily developed as promising hemostatic materials for versatile clinical applications, through tuning blood–material interactions with optimized grafting of cationic polylysine: the former is facilely prepared by conjugating polylysine onto porous starch particle, while F127‐PLPS is prepared by the simple mixture of PLPS and commercial thermosensitive polymer. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that PLPS2 with the optimal‐/medium content of polylysine grafts achieve the superior hemostatic performance. The underlying procoagulant mechanism of PLPS2 surface is revealed as the selective fibrinogen adsorption among the competitive plasma‐protein‐adsorption process, which is the foundation of other blood–material interactions. Moreover, in vitro results confirm the achieved procoagulant surface of F127‐PLPS through optimal PLPS2 loading. Together with the tunable thermoresponsiveness, F127‐PLPS exhibits outstanding hemostatic utilization in both femoral‐artery‐injury and renal‐artery‐embolization models. The work thereby pioneers an appealing approach for generating versatile polymer‐based hemostatic materials/devices.
Skin‐Attachable Ink‐Dispenser‐Printed Paper Fluidic Sensor Patch for Colorimetric Sweat Analysis
Authors: Zheng Xin Ting , Goh Wei Peng , Yu Yong , Sutarlie Laura , Chen Der Ying , Tan Sherwin Chong Li , Jiang Changyun , Zhao Meng , Ba Te , Li Hongying , Su Xiaodi , Yang Le 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn situ analysis of sweat biomarkers potentially provides noninvasive lifestyle monitoring and early diagnosis. Quantitative detection of sweat rate is crucial for thermoregulation and preventing heat injuries. Here, a skin‐attachable paper fluidic patch is reported for in situ colorimetric sensing of multiple sweat markers (pH, glucose, lactate, and uric acid) with concurrent sweat rate tracking. Two sets of fluidic patterns—multiplexed detection zones and a longitudinal sweat rate channel—are directly printed by an automated ink dispenser from a specially developed ceramic‐based ink. The ceramic ink thermal‐cures into an impervious barrier, confining sweat within the channels. The ceramic‐ink‐printed boundary achieves higher pattern resolution, prevents fluid leakage, attains pattern thermal stability, and resistant to organic solvents. The cellulose matrix of the detection zones is modified with nanoparticles to improve the color homogeneity and sweat sensor sensitivity. The sweat rate channel is made moisture sensitive by incorporating a metal‐salt‐based dye. The change in saturation/color of the detection zones and/or channels upon sweat addition can be visually detected or quantified by a smartphone camera. A cost‐effective way is provided to fabricate paper fluidic sensor patches, successfully demonstrating on‐body multiplexed evaluation of sweat analytes. Such skin wearables offer on‐site analysis, meaningful to an increasingly health‐conscious population.
Engineered CpG‐Loaded Nanorobots Drive Autophagy‐Mediated Immunity for TLR9‐Positive Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wang Yi , Qiao Sheng‐Lin , Wang Jie , Yu Meng‐Zhen , Wang Nan‐Nan , Mamuti Muhetaerjiang , An Hong‐Wei , Lin Yao‐Xin , Wang Hao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSmart nanorobots have emerged as novel drug delivery platforms in nanomedicine, potentially improving anti‐cancer efficacy and reducing side effects. In this study, an intelligent tumor microenvironment‐responsive nanorobot is developed that effectively delivers CpG payloads to Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9)‐positive tumors to induce autophagy‐mediated cell death for immunotherapy. The nanorobots are fabricated by co‐self‐assembly of two amphiphilic triblock polymer peptides: one containing the matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2)‐cleaved GPLGVRGS motif to control the mechanical opening of the nanorobots and provide targeting capability for TLR‐9‐positive tumors and the other consisting of an arginine‐rich GRRRDRGRS sequence that can condense nuclear acid payloads through electrostatic interactions. Using multiple tumor‐bearing mouse models, it is investigated whether the intravenous injection of CpG‐loaded nanorobots could effectively deliver CpG payloads to TLR‐9‐positive tumors and elicit anti‐tumor immunity through TLR9 signaling and autophagy. Therefore, besides being a commonly used adjuvant for tumor vaccination, CpG‐loaded nanorobots can effectively reprogram the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and suppress tumor growth and recurrence. This nanorobot‐based CpG immunotherapy can be considered a feasible approach to induce anti‐tumor immunity, showing great therapeutic potential for the future treatment of TLR9‐positive cancers.
In Situ Dual‐Interface Passivation Strategy Enables The Efficiency of Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells Over 25%
Authors: Wang Haonan , Zheng Yifan , Zhang Guodong , Wang Pengxiang , Sui Xinyuan , Yuan Haiyang , Shi Yifeng , Zhang Ge , Ding Guoyu , Li Yan , Li Tao , Yang Shuang , Shao Yuchuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising candidates for next‐generation photovoltaics owing to their unparalleled power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Currently, approaches to further improve device efficiencies tend to focus on the passivation of interfacial defects. Although various strategies have been developed to mitigate these defects, many involve complex and time‐consuming post‐treatment processes, thereby hindering their widespread adoption in commercial applications. In this work, a concise but efficient in situ dual‐interface passivation strategy is developed wherein 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium methanesulfonate (MS) is employed as a precursor additive. During perovskite crystallization, MS can either be enriched downward through precipitation with SnO2, or can be aggregated upward through lattice extrusion. These self‐assembled MS species play a significant role in passivating the defect interfaces, thereby reducing nonradiative recombination losses, and promoting more efficient charge extraction. As a result, a PCE >25% (certified PCE of 24.84%) is achieved with substantially improved long‐term storage and photothermal stabilities. This strategy provides valuable insights into interfacial passivation and holds promise for the industrialization of PSCs.
Anion Exchange Ionomers: Design Considerations and Recent Advances ‐ An Electrochemical Perspective
Authors: Favero Silvia , Stephens Ifan E. L. , Titirci Maria‐Magdalena 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlkaline‐based electrochemical devices, such as anion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells and electrolyzers, are receiving increasing attention. However, while the catalysts and membrane are methodically studied, the ionomer is largely overlooked. In fact, most of the studies in alkaline electrolytes are conducted using the commercial proton exchange ionomer Nafion. The ionomer provides ionic conductivity; it is also essential for gas transport and water management, as well as for controlling the mechanical stability and the morphology of the catalyst layer. Moreover, the ionomer has distinct requirements that differ from those of anion‐exchange membranes, such as a high gas permeability, and that depend on the specific electrode, such as water management. As a result, it is necessary to tailor the ionomer structure to the specific application in isolation and as part of the catalyst layer. In this review, an overview of the current state of the art for anion exchange ionomers is provided, summarizing their specific requirements and limitations in the context of AEM electrolyzers and fuel cells.
Ultrastrong and High‐Tough Thermoset Epoxy Resins from Hyperbranched Topological Structure and Subnanoscaled Free Volume
Authors: Liu Xin , Wu Huanghu , Xu Wei , Jiang Yu , Zhang Junheng , Ye Bangjiao , Zhang Hongjun , Chen Sufang , Miao Menghe , Zhang Daohong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe strength and toughness of thermoset epoxy resins are generally mutually exclusive, as are the high performance and rapid recyclability. Experimentally determined mechanical strength values are usually much lower than their theoretical values. The preparation of thermoset epoxy resins with high modulus, high toughness, ultrastrong strength, and highly efficient recyclability is still a challenge. Here, novel hyperbranched epoxy resins (Bn, n = 6, 12, 24) with imide structures by a thiol‐ene click reaction. Bn shows an excellent comprehensive function in simultaneously improving the strength, modulus, toughness, low‐temperature resistance, and degradability of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA). All the mechanical properties first increase and then decrease with minimization of the free volume properties. The improvement is attributable to uniform molecular holes or free volume by a molecular mixture of linear and hyperbranched topological structures. The precise measurement and controllability of the molecular free volume properties of epoxy resins is first discovered, as well as the imide structure degradation of crosslinked epoxy resins. The two conflicts are successfully resolved between strength and toughness and between high performance during service and high efficiency during degradation. These findings provide a route for designing ultrastrong, tough, and recyclable thermoset epoxy resins.
Spin Coated Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Patch Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Hasan Raja Rashidul , Jasmine Jasika , Saleque Ahmed Mortuza , Eshan Sumit Hassan , Tusher Raja Tariqul Hasan , Zabin Sadia , Nowshin Nadia , Rahman Md. Abdur , Tsang Yuen Hong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEarly detection of breast cancer can be a life‐saving measure for many patients. The inaccessibility of X‐rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other medical facilities in many resource‐constrained areas hinders the early detection of breast cancer. In this paper, the use of a rectangular patch antenna for breast cancer detection is proposed by using multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as patch material. The proposed antenna is designed by CST software which is (30 × 40 × 1.66) mm in dimension. A breast model is designed including tumor and cancerous tumors by specific tissue properties for observing the antenna performance in different cases. In free space, the return loss of the designed antenna is observed at −33.414 dB. Moreover, the S11 is examined in a normal breast, a breast including a normal tumor, and a breast including a cancerous tumor is −32.641 dB, −34.94 dB, and −35.22 dB respectively. It can be utilized on a human body phantom model due to its adaptability and reduced radiation properties. The proposed antenna is miniature in size, cost‐effective, easily portable, and eco‐friendly. It can be used as a first screening tool for breast cancer patients, particularly in resource‐constrained regions.
Thermal‐Annealing Enhanced Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence of Polymer‐Based Organic Materials
Authors: Wang Peng , Qiu Lu , Wu Jintong , Wen Tao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolymer‐based organic room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have recently attracted significant attention. In most of the previous works, ‘chemical approaches’ were applied to improve the performance of RTP materials, such as designing certain phosphors or selecting specific polymeric matrixes. However, enhancing triplet emission through facile ‘physical approaches’ is rarely reported. In this study, enhanced RTP emissions of phosphor‐doped polymers are reported by thermal annealing. By doping a difluoroboron β‐diketonate derivative into poly(diacetone acrylamide) (PDAAM), green RTP emissions can be obtained. After thermal annealing at 125 °C for 5 min, the afterglow duration of RTP increases from 2.6 to 5.3 s and also the brightness of RTP emission exhibits a threefold increase. Such post‐treatment is applicable for various polymeric matrixes. The mechanism underlying thermal‐annealing enhanced RTP is investigated. Moreover, it demonstrates that controlled RTP by thermal annealing can be used in information encryption and anti‐counterfeiting. This work provides new insight into the development of organic RTP materials with tunable emissions.