bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Thyroid Function Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome? A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.
Authors: Zhang Qinnan , Ke Wencai , Ye Jun , Zhang Panpan , Yang Qian , Pan Fanfan , Wang Kai , zha bingbing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Context:
Some observational studies have suggested the association between thyroid function and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, it remains to be determined whether these associations are causal or not.
Objective
To investigate whether different thyroid function states causally affect the prevalence of PCOS.
Methods
We conducted two sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis between the effect of different thyroid function status on PCOS and further explored the reverse causality by bidirectional MR. This bidirectional MR was conducted in 10,074 individuals with PCOS and 103,164 controls primarily, validation analysis was repeated in FinnGen R9 and EstBB PCOS cohorts. We obtained female specific thyroid function GWAS from 2 database, including Hyperthyroidism (22,383 cases and 54,288 controls) and Hypothyroidism (27,383 cases and 54,288 controls) from the UK Biobank and Normal TSH (54,288 cases and 72,167 controls) and Normal FT4 (49,269 cases and 72,167 controls) from Thyroid Omics Consortium. Inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, Weighted median, sensitivity and heterogeneity analysis were used.
Results
Contrary to previous observational studies, we did not find a causal relationship between thyroid function and the risk of PCOS among European ancestry. However, The IVW analysis suggested nominal significance between normal TSH in female and PCOS adjusted for age and BMI [p = 0.021; OR = 0.60 (95% CI = 0.61 to 0.96)], but p-value did not reach the threshold for Bonferroni correction (p-value < 0.0125).
Conclusion
Our MR analysis didn’t indicate genetic causal association between thyroid function and PCOS. Further efforts are needed to interpret the potential causal relationship between thyroid function and PCOS in different age and BMI sub-group.
Continuous Blood Exchange in Rats: A Protocol for Experimental Investigation
Authors: Pei Siya , Wang Yanjie , Zhang Zhimin , Mei Cheng , Yin Wenyu , Fu Xiangjie , Yan Danyang , Zhu Yuanyuan , Lin Tianli , Zhou Yiran , Li Ning 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Blood exchange therapy, specifically whole blood exchange (WBE), is increasingly being utilized in clinical settings to effectively treat a range of diseases. Consequently, there is an urgent requirement to establish convenient and clinically applicable animal models that can facilitate the exploration of blood exchange therapy mechanisms. Our study conducted continuous whole blood exchange (WBE) in rats through femoral and tail vein catheterization using dual-directional syringe pumps. To demonstrate the applicability of continuous whole blood exchange, drug-induced hemolytic anemia (DIHA) was induced through phenylhydrazine hydrochloride injection. Notability, the rats of WBE treatment group survived all and recovered within the subsequent period. After the implementation of continuous whole blood exchange therapy day (Day 1), the treatment group exhibited a statistically significant increase in red blood cells (P = 0.0343) and hemoglobin levels (P = 0.0090). The rats in the WBE treatment group exhibited a faster recovery rate compared to the model group, indicating the successful establishment of a continuous blood exchange protocol. This experimental approach demonstrates not just promising efficacy in the treatment of DIHA and offers a valuable tool for investigating the underlying mechanisms of blood exchange. Furthermore, it has a great potential to the advancement of biomedical research such as drug delivery exploration.
Synthesis and characterization of pyrrole-based group 4 PNP pincer complexes
Authors: Tomsu Gerald , Stöger Berthold , Kirchner Karl Anton 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and reactivity of several group 4 metal complexes featuring a central anionic pyrrole moiety connected via CH2 linkers to two phosphine donors is described. Treatment of [P(NH)P-iPr] with [MCl4(THF)2] (M = Zr, Hf) in the presence of base yields the dimeric complexes [M(PNPiPr)(µ-Cl)(Cl)2]2 featuring two bridging chloride ligands. These complexes react with sodium cyclopentadienyl and SiMe3I to give the mononuclear complexes [M(PNPiPr)(η5-Cp)(Cl)2] and [M(PNPiPr)(I)3], respectively. The latter react with MeMgBr to form the trialkyl complexes [M(PNPiPr)(Me)3]. Upon treatment of [Ti(NMe2)4] with [P(NH)P-iPr] a complex with the general formula [Ti(PNPiPr)(NMe2)3] is obtained. DFT calculations revealed that the most stable species is [Ti(κ1N- PNPiPr)(NMe2)3] featuring a κ1N-bound PNP ligand. When [P(NH)P-iPr] is reacted with [Ti(NMe2)4] in CH2Cl2 complex [Ti(PNPiPr)(Cl)2(NMe2)] is formed. Treatment of a solution of [P(NH)P-iPr] (1) and [Zr(NMe2)4] with SiMe3Br affords the anionic seven-coordinate tetrabromo complex [Zr(PNPiPr)(Br)4][H2NMe2]. The corresponding hafnium complex [Hf(PNPiPr)(Br)4][H2NEt2] is obtained in similar fashion by utilizing [Hf(NEt2)4] as metal precursor. All complexes are characterized by means of NMR spectroscopy. Representative complexes were also characterized by X-ray crystallography.
Automatic berthing of unmanned surface vessels with predetermined performance
Authors: Wang Qiwen , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Enrui , Liu Yang , Zhang Yan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To solve the problem of ship automatic berthing control due to unknown time-varying disturbance and dynamic uncertainty of model parameters, an automatic berthing control law based on predefined performance time function is proposed. First, a predefined performance time function is designed and coupled with tracking error to achieve the predetermined performance of tracking error. Secondly, radial basis function neural network is used to approach the dynamic uncertainty of ship model parameters, and the complex uncertainty of model parameters and unknown time-varying disturbance is represented by linearized parameter form with single virtual parameter, which makes the calculation simple and easy to implement in engineering. On this basis, the reverse step control law is designed. Thirdly, the stability of the system is proved based on Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the simulation results show that the control law can make the ship reach the desired position and heading Angle, and realize the automatic berthing of the ship. The control law and berthing controller designed in this paper have good applicability and robustness, which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent control research of surface intelligent ships.
Identification of ANGPT2, FLT3, IGF1 and SPP1 related to glycolysis and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Rui , Xu Jun , Shi Zhi-yong , Zhang He-zhao , Zhang An-hong , Zhang Yu-zhi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor of the liver. Aerobic glycolysis is the reason for the high proliferation rate of HCC cells. In addition, PI3K / Akt pathway stimulates angiogenesis, which is beneficial to the growth of HCC cells. The aim of this research was to screen biomarkers related to glycolysis and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HCC.
Methods
In TCGA-LIHC dataset, differential analysis was performed to screen out the DEGs between tumor and normal groups. The candidate genes were obtained through overlapping DEGs, GMRGs and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related genes. Biomarkers were identified by ten algorithms in the PPI network. The correlation between angiogenesis/autophagy/apoptosis/EMT and biomarkers was analyzed.
Results
A sum of 7476 DEGs were obtained between tumor and normal groups. Soon afterwards, 20 candidate genes were obtained. Then, we identified 4 biomarkers (ANGPT2, FLT3, IGF1 and SPP1) via PPI. we found these biomarkers were positively associated with angiogenesisa, autophagy, apoptosis and EMT. Finally, ANGPT2 and SPP1 was higher expressed in HCC group compared to the normal group.
Conclusion
Overall, we obtained four biomarkers related to glycolysis and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (ANGPT2, FLT3, IGF1 and SPP1) associated with HCC, which laid a theoretical foundation for the treatment of HCC.
Measurement of synaptic density in Down syndrome using PET imaging : a pilot study
Authors: DIFILIPPO ALEXANDRA , Jonaitis Erin , Makuch Renee , Gambetti Brianna , Fleming Victoria , Ennis Gilda , Barnhart Todd , Engle Jonathan , Bendlin Barbara , Johnson Sterling , Handen Benjamin , Krinsky-McHale Sharon , Hartley Sigan , Christian Bradley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the most prevalent genetic cause of intellectual disability, resulting from trisomy 21. Recently, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been used to image synapses in-vivo. The motivation for this pilot study was to investigate whether synaptic density in low functioning adults with DS can be evaluated using the PET radiotracer [11C]UCB-J. Data were acquired from low functioning adults with DS (n = 4) and older neurotypical (NT)) adults (n = 38). Motion during the scans required the use of a 10-minute acquisition window for the calculation of synaptic density using SUVR50 − 60,CS. This approximation was validated against the distribution volume ratio (DVRCS) calculated using radiotracer kinetic analyses in NT adults. Of the regions analyzed the DS group showed lower synaptic density in the hippocampus, and smaller hippocampus and cerebellum volumes. In this pilot study, PET imaging of [11C]UCB-J was successfully completed and synaptic density measured in low functioning DS adults. This work provides the basis for studies where synaptic density may be compared between larger groups of NT adults and adults with DS who have varying degrees of baseline cognitive status.
Operationalizing Back Referral Concept in Teaching Hospitals through Outreach Centre of Community Medicine Departments: A Pilot Study
Authors: Arun Ruchi , Beniwal Shreya Singh , Singh Amarjeet , Ijantkar Saakshi Ashwinkumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The healthcare system's efficient referral systems are vital for managing patient flows among various healthcare facilities. This pilot study focuses on the operationalization of the back referral concept, which aims to ensure optimal care at each level of the healthcare system by referring patients from receiving facilities back to initiating facilities.
Objectives: The primary objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the initial functioning of the Vardaan Referral unit at SRMSIMS, Bareilly.
Methods: The study is conducted at Shree Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMSIMS), Bareilly, India. Patients referred through rural and urban training centers of the Community Medicine Departments at SRMSIMS participate in the study. Data is collected through referrals using color-coded paper slips, detailed documentation of patients' medical history, follow-up tele-calling, and patient feedback.
Results: The pilot study included a total of 313 patients, and findings indicate that patients expressed satisfaction with the services provided at the Vardaan center. Case studies illustrate the functioning and benefits of the back referral system.
Conclusion: The pilot study highlights the successful implementation of the back referral system at SRMSIMS, providing efficient healthcare services to patients. The findings suggest the potential for reducing the burden on higher-level facilities and promoting a culture of self-care and non-medicinal interventions.
Communities Organizing to Promote Equity (COPE): Engaging local communities in public health responses to health inequities exacerbated by COVID-19– Protocol Paper
Authors: Pacheco Christina M. , Bridges Kristina M. , Ellerbeck Edward F. , Ablah Elizabeth , Greiner K. Allen , Chen Yvonnes , Collie-Akers Vicki , Ramírez Mariana , LeMaster Joseph W. , Sykes Kevin , Parente Daniel J. , Corriveau Erin , Neira Antonio Miras , Scott Angela , Knapp Kara E. , Finocchario-Kessler Sarah , Team COPE 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted rural and under-resourced urban communities in Kansas. The state's response to COVID-19 has relied on a highly decentralized and underfunded public health system, with 100 local health departments in the state, few of which had prior experience engaging local community coalitions in a coordinated response to a public health crisis.
Methods
To improve the capacity for local community-driven responses to COVID-19 and other public health needs, the University of Kansas Medical Center, in partnership with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, will launch Communities Organizing to Promote Equity (COPE) in 20 counties across Kansas. The COPE project will establish Local Health Equity Action Teams (LHEATs), coalitions comprised of community members and service providers, who work with COPE-hired community health workers (CHWs) recruited to represent the diversity of the communities they serve. CHWs in each county are tasked with addressing unmet social needs of residents and supporting their county's LHEAT. LHEATs are charged with implementing strategies to improve social determinants of health in their county. Monthly, LHEATs and CHWs from all 20 counties will come together as part of a learning collaborative to share strategies, foster innovation, and engage in peer problem-solving. These efforts will be supported by a multilevel communications strategy that will increase awareness of COPE activities and resources at the local level and project successes across the state. Our mixed methods evaluation design will assess the processes and impact of COPE activities as well as barriers and facilitators to implementation using aspects of both the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) models.
Discussion
This project is designed to expand community capacity to strategically partner with local public health and social service partners to prioritize and implement health equity efforts. COPE intentionally engages historically resilient communities and those living in underserved rural areas to inform pragmatic strategies to improve health equity.
Schistosomiasis endemicity and performance of preventive chemotherapy intervention programme in Nigeria in the year 2021
Authors: Imalele Edema Enogiomwan , Chikwendu Joy Ifeyinwa , Atsuwe Terese Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For managing schistosomiasis, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends mass treatment of impacted populations by administering periodic doses of praziquantel. This study assessed the impact of preventive chemotherapy on schistosomiasis endemicity in Nigeria. The study utilised secondary data from the WHO's Expanded Special Project for Elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases (ESPEN) available at the ESPEN portal. The assessment involved an examination of the extent to which preventive chemotherapy (PC) implementation was carried out and the regularity of treatment, with a connection made to the prevalence levels of schistosomiasis in Nigeria. There was no PC delivery in most states in the northeast, northwest, and North-central regions, as well as certain areas within the southwest region. PC was also not delivered in areas with high endemicity. Out of the 774 IUs, PC was carried out in 68 units (8.79%) targeting school children. Among these, successful implementation of PC was observed in 33 units (4.26%). PC was conducted only once among school children in 150 (19.38%) IUs, while 23.51% of IUs executed PC at least three times. However, 241 (31.14%) of the IUs successfully carried out effective PC (≥ 75%) once from 2013 to 2021. Conversely, a higher percentage (31.91%) of IUs indicated PC coverage below 75%, signifying ineffectiveness. Although treatment has proven effective in specific areas with a high prevalence of the disease, there is still a considerable need for substantial expansion of MDA programmes if the country aims to meet the WHO recommended objective of achieving PC coverage of ≥ 75%.
Electrical engineering of topological magnetism in two-dimensional heterobilayers
Authors: Abuawwad Nihad , Dias Manuel dos Santos , Abusara Hazem , Lounis Samir 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The emergence of topological magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials promoted 2D heterostructures as key building-blocks of devices for information technology based on topological concepts. Here, we demonstrate the all-electric switching of the topological nature of individual magnetic objects emerging in 2D vdW heterobilayers. We show from the first principles that an external electric field modifies the vdW gap between CrTe2 and (Rh, Ti)Te2 layers and alters the underlying magnetic interactions. This enables switching between ferromagnetic skyrmions and meron pairs in the CrTe2/RhTe2 heterobilayer while it enhances the stability of frustrated antiferromagnetic merons in the CrTe2/TiTe2 heterobilayer. We envision that the electrical engineering of distinct topological magnetic solitons in a single device could pave the way for novel energy-efficient mechanisms to store and transmit information with applications in spintronics.
Tunable Negative Permittivity Derived From Flexible MWCNT/PVA/Mn Ferrite/AC Metacomposites
Authors: Gholipur Reza , Maazi Mahfooz 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the development of new metamaterials made of periodic array structures, negative permittivity has recently received more and more attention. However, it is crucial to achieve negative permittivity behavior based on materials' intrinsic properties rather than their synthetically periodic structures, as easy preparation is always a priority. Wearable cloaks, stretchable sensors, thin-film capacitors, and other applications all hold great promise for the flexible metacomposites with tunable negative permittivity. Herein, flexible multi walled carbon nanotube/polyvinyl alcohol/manganese ferrite/active carbon (MWCNT/PVA/Mn ferrite/AC) porous metacomposites with negative dielectric constant was prepared by feasible sol-gel method. The resulting metacomposites with various MWCNT mass values were examined for their ac conductivity behavior, magnetic and dielectric characteristics, impedance, and absorbance performances. In this work, novel amorphous metacomposites for creating outstanding properties and regulable negative permittivity is demonstrated.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a School-Based Mental Health Literacy Intervention from a Comprehensive Demographic and Cognitive Perspective
Authors: Wei Yifeng , Sha Li , McWeeny Robert , Johal Rav , Easton Constance , Baxter Andrew , Cao Bo , Greenshaw Andrew , Carr Wendy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Childhood and adolescence are a critical period for the onset of mental and neurodevelopmental disorders and a time when many can be first identified. Research demonstrates that mental health literacy applied in school settings may be an effective approach to address these challenges. In contrast to many existing studies conducted in multicultural and multilingual settings that treated subjects’ language as a demographic feature, the present study recognizes English proficiency as a cognitive factor and views the school-based mental health literacy (MHL) intervention as a learning process. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of school-based mental health literacy intervention and explore how ethnicity and English proficiency as a cognitive factor, as a modified, rather than a fixed variable, impacted the intervention outcomes. Grade 9 students (n = 240) from schools in West Canada with diverse social/cultural background received the intervention in the classroom delivered by trained teachers and completed the pre-test and post-test over a 6-month period. The intervention was effective in improving knowledge and help-seeking attitudes among all students. Non-Chinese and native English-speaking students performed the best on all outcomes. Gender demonstrated an association with changes in stigma, stress and wellbeing. English proficiency was linked to knowledge acquisition, while ethnicity was connected to changes of attitude-related outcomes. These findings deepened our understanding of how sociodemographic and cognitive factors underlie changes in mental health literacy outcomes, which will facilitate the development of mental health literacy interventions for diverse student populations.
The characteristics of the influenza virus epidemic around the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic period in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai
Authors: Zhang Ge , Zhang Anran , Zhang Li , Zhu Aiqin , Li Zhongjie , Zhu Weiping , Ye Chuchu , Hu Wenbiao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives: The concurrent impact of COVID-19 and influenza on disease burden is a topic of great concern. This discussion delves into the epidemiological characteristics of seasonal influenza activity in Shanghai within the context of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic.
Methods: From 2017 to 2023, a total of 11,081 patients having influenza-like illness (ILI) were included in this study for influenza virus detection. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‒PCR) assays were conducted according to standardised protocols to identify the types and subtypes of influenza viruses. The positivity rate of the influenza virus among the sampled ILI cases served as a surrogate measure for estimating various influenza seasonal characteristics, such as periodicity, duration, peak occurrences, and the prevalent subtypes or lineages. Epidemiological aspects across different years and age groups were subjected to comprehensive analysis. For categorical variables, the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was employed, as deemed appropriate.
Results: A total of 1,553 (14.015%) tested positive for influenza virus pathogens. The highest positivity rate for influenza was observed in adults aged 25–59 years (18.833%), while the lowest rate was recorded in children under 5 years old (3.843%). The influenza circulation patterns in Shanghai were characterised : (1) Two years exhibited semiannual periodicity (2017–2018, 2022–2023); (2) three years displayed annual periodicity (2018–2019, 2019–2020, and 2021–2022); and (3) during 2020-2021, epidemic periodicities of seasonal influenza viruses disappeared. In terms of influenza subtypes, four subtypes were identified during 2017-2018. In 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, A/H3N2, A/H1N1, and B/Victoria were circulating. Notably, one case of B/Victoria was detected in 2020-2021. The epidemic period of 2021-2022 was attributed to B/Victoria, and during 2022-2023, the influenza A virus was the dominant circulating strain.
Conclusions: The seasonal epidemic period and the predominant subtype/lineage of influenza viruses around the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic period in Shanghai city are complex. This underscores the necessity for vigilant influenza control strategies amidst the backdrop of other respiratory virus pandemics.