bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of AWJ parameters for improved material removal and hole geometry in drilling of Glass Fiber/Aluminum mesh epoxy hybrid composites
Authors: Seif Amr , Fathy A. , El Aal Mohamed Ibrahim Abd , Megahed A. A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study explores the application of abrasive waterjet drilling (AWJD) for varied patterns of GF/Al mesh hybrid composites (neat glass NG, AG: Al in the exterior surface, and GA: Al in the center). Key parameters such as jet pressure (P), standoff distance (S), and traverse speed (V) are systematically varied, influencing material removal rate (MRR), hole taper ratio (), and roundness error (). Employing a Taguchi approach with an L9 design. It was indicated that the optimal conditions for maximum MRR are (P: 150 MPa, S: 2 mm, and V: 900 mm/min). V and S are the main influential parameters on and . Gray relational analysis (GRA) is employed for simultaneous optimization, enhancing drilling performance. The optimal parameters P of 150 MPa, S of 2 mm, and V of 300 mm/min are determined. Validation trials confirm the effectiveness of the determined parameters. A robust multiple regression equation is formulated, providing a predictive model that aligns closely with experimental observations.Highlights
The hybrid composites were drilled via a nontraditional process.
The attributes of the hole geometry and the material removal impacts were studied.
Operation parameters were optimized to improve MRR, , and .
A multiple regression model and a confirmation test were performed and validated.
Wear performance of short fiber added polyamide composites produced by additive manufacturing: Combined impacts of secondary heat treatment, reinforcement type, and test force
Authors: Bolat Çağın , Ergene Berkay 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the number of studies focusing on the additive manufacturing has increased seriously to elucidate the critical points such as physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Contrary to common trends and for the first time in the literature, this experimental endeavor aims to comprehend the combined impact of reinforcement type and heat treatment on the wear features of additively manufactured polyamide 6 (PA6) composites. As reinforcement materials, glass, and carbon fibers were utilized and all samples were created through the fused filament fabrication. Half of the samples were subjected to annealing treatment after the main production, and characterization works were performed using a fused emission scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanic analysis. From the outcomes, it is seen that heat treatment has a positive effect on the hardness, and wear resistance of the composites. Besides, glass fiber‐reinforced samples display lower friction coefficient and lower volume loss results than other samples. For all samples, secondary annealing causes a positive impact on wear endurance in most cases. On the other side, the wear mechanism of the tested samples changes with the test force level and reinforcement type. At lower test forces, abrasive wear‐induced debris parts are detected on the deformed surfaces of PA6 and carbon‐added samples, but this case is opposite for the highest force of 40 N.Highlights
Additive manufacturing was underlined as a promising way to create polymer composites with high dimensional accuracy.
The combined effect of secondary annealing and reinforcement type on the wear resistance of 3D‐printed PA6 composites was examined for the first time in the literature.
Carbon and glass fibers were compared to explore their effect on friction coefficient and wear behavior of polymer composite samples produced via FFF technology.
Hardness and surface roughness measurements were used to comprehend the dry sliding wear results.
Depending on the increasing test force levels and reinforcement type, deformation, and abrasion mechanisms were analyzed.
High performance fluoroelastomer composites filled with graphite and/or bismuth oxide for applications in gamma‐ray shielding
Authors: Magnere Santiago Maldonado , Toledo Ernesto Aguila , Yazdani‐Pedram Mehrdad , Fuentealba Pablo , Contreras‐Soto Angelo , Bascuñan‐Heredia Allan , Alvarez‐Cortes Gabriela , Zagal Alejandro , Molina Francisco , Hernández‐Santana Marianella , Aguilar‐Bolados Héctor 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFluoroelastomer‐based composites with nano‐sized bismuth oxide (B) and/or graphite (G) as fillers were prepared and characterized using FKM type 1 fluoroelastomer as a matrix. The effects of these fillers used singly or in combination on the crosslinking process, mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical, electrical, optical, and high‐energy radiation attenuation properties of FKM were investigated. The results showed that graphite significantly increased the moduli E50 (MPa) of FKM/G and FKM/GB composites by 1026% and 1459%, respectively, compared to FKM. On the other hand, bismuth(III) oxide did not affect the stiffness or elongation at break of FKM significantly. Graphite also imparted electrical conductivity to FKM (10−6 Scm−1), which was reduced by bismuth oxide to 10−12 Scm−1. Furthermore, the linear attenuation coefficients (μ), half‐value layer (HVL), and tenth‐value layer (THV) of pure FKM and FKM composites were evaluated using a 137Cs (662 keV) source, revealing that FKM/B and FKM/GB composites show 47.4% and 35.8% higher μ values, respectively, than FKM. Taking into consideration that the attenuation coefficient of FKM is 10 times higher than conventional elastomers such as natural rubber, these results indicate that thin flexible shielding against high electromagnetic radiation can be achieved to protect different sensitive equipment such as electronic devices used in nuclear power plants, gamma radiation facilities, telescopes, and artificial satellites.Highlights
A fluoroelastomer‐based composite containing 40 phr of bismuth(III) oxide nanopowder presents a gamma attenuation coefficient 47.4% higher than that of the polymer matrix.
A fluoroelastomer‐based composite containing bismuth(III) presents a band gap of 2.40 eV.
Bismuth(III) oxide nanopowder hinders the electrical conductivity imparted by a conducting filler contained in the fluoroelastomer‐based composite.
Fluoroelastomer‐based composites containing graphite or bismuth(III) oxide present enhanced mechanical and thermal properties.
Optimization of the Zhou Tian Formula extraction technology based on AHP‐CRITIC method and analysis of transfer efficiency of key components based on HPLC fingerprinting
Authors: Ma Yi‐feng , Feng Yang , Yao Li‐li , Feng Pei‐shi , Zhou Wei‐kang , Fang Le‐xuan , Tao Yi , Wang Ping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionZhou Tian Formula (ZTF) is an antidepressant traditional Chinese medicine utilized widely in clinical settings for the treatment of patients with depression. However, shortcomings persist in its extraction technology and quality control.ObjectiveThis study aimed to propose a methodology for ZTF extraction technology based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)–criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) method and to establish a quality control framework for the efficient transfer of index components.MethodFirstly, we analyzed the chemical components of ZTF and determined the optimal extraction technology. Secondly, we calculated the transfer efficiency of the index components during the conversion of water decoction to extract powder and subsequently to granules. Thirdly, we established HPLC fingerprints for 15 batches of ZTF water decoction, extract powder, and granules. We employed SIMCA software to analyze the chemicals responsible for variations in quality among different batches of ZTF granules.ResultsWe determined the optimal extraction process. The average transfer efficiency of ferulic acid, puerarin, mirificin, isoferulic acid, and calycosin during the conversion of water decoction to extract powder and subsequently to granules exceeded 41%. The HPLC fingerprints of ZTF exhibited a similarity exceeding 0.890. Variable importance in projection values indicated that calycosin, ferulic acid, and puerarin were the primary contributors to quality variations.ConclusionsThe AHP‐CRITIC method, coupled with an orthogonal array design, could be used for exploring extraction technology. In addition, the rules governing the transfer of index components from water decoction to extract powder, and subsequently to granules, could be applied for the evaluation and quality assessment of ZTF.
Postmortem imaging of fetuses at early gestations: A comparison of microfocus computed tomography with postmortem magnetic resonance at 9.4 T and postmortem ultrasound
Authors: Ibarra Vilar Patricia , Jani Jacques C. , Cannie Mieke M. , Shelmerdine Susan C. , Lecomte Sophie , Verhoye Marleen , Hutchinson Ciaran J. , Arthurs Owen J. , Carlin Andrew , Kang Xin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic performance of postmortem ultrasound (PMUS), 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and microfocus computed tomography (micro‐CT) for the examination of early gestation fetuses.MethodEight unselected fetuses (10–15 weeks gestational age) underwent at least 2 of the 3 listed imaging examinations. Six fetuses underwent 9.4 T MRI, four underwent micro‐CT and six underwent PMUS. All operators were blinded to clinical history. All imaging was reported according to a prespecified template assessing 36 anatomical structures, later grouped into five regions: brain, thorax, heart, abdomen and genito‐urinary.ResultsMore anatomical structures were seen on 9.4 T MRI and micro‐CT than with PMUS, with a combined frequency of identified structures of 91.9% and 69.7% versus 54.5% and 59.6 (p < 0.001; p < 0.05) respectively according to comparison groups. In comparison with 9.4 T MRI, more structures were seen on micro‐CT (90.2% vs. 83.3%, p < 0.05). Anatomical structures were described as abnormal on PMUS in 2.7%, 9.4 T MRI in 6.1% and micro‐CT 7.7% of all structures observed. However, the accuracy test could not be calculated because conventional autopsy was performed on 6 fetuses of that only one structure was abnormal.ConclusionMicro‐CT appears to offer the greatest potential as an imaging adjunct or non‐invasive alternative for conventional autopsies in early gestation fetuses.
A de novo pathogenic variant in DHX30 gene in a fetus with isolated dysgenesis of the corpus callosum
Authors: Haratz Karina Krajden , Malinger Gustavo , Erlik Uri , Goldstein Rayna , Shohat Mordechai , Birnbaum Roee 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA 36 years old woman in her first pregnancy was referred at 24w3d for a dedicated neurosonographic examination due to a suspected short corpus callosum (CC). The examination depicted a dysgenetic CC with asymmetric thickness at the level of the body in coronal views, very thin in the midline and thicker in both sides, suggesting bilateral formation of Probst bundles. The BPD, HC, and transverse cerebellar diameters were in the normal low range without associated growth restriction. Associated anomalies were not detected in the brain or other organs. Following genetic consultation and a normal CMA, trio exome sequencing was performed and a de novo missense pathogenic mutation c.2353 C > T in the DHX30 gene was detected. This variant has been previously reported in children and adults, mostly with a severe phenotype including neurodevelopmental disorder with variable motor and language impairment, but also mild phenotypes have been reported. MRI describes delayed myelination, ventriculomegaly, and cortical and cerebellar atrophy as imaging features in affected patients. This is the first prenatal report of a DHX30‐associated neurodevelopmental disorder in which the fetus presents with isolated callosal dysgenesis, stressing the importance of exome sequencing in fetuses with this condition, as far as it is phenotypic presentation of numerous syndromes with different outcomes.
Pain coping, multidisciplinary care, and mHealth: Patients' views on managing advanced cancer pain
Authors: DeForge Sara M. , Smith Kyla , Anderson Kris‐Ann , Baltazar Ashton R. , Beck Meghan , Enzinger Andrea C. , Tulsky James A. , Allsop Matthew , Edwards Robert R. , Schreiber Kristin L. , Azizoddin Desiree R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivePain is common among people with advanced cancer. While opioids provide significant relief, incorporating psycho‐behavioral treatments may improve pain outcomes. We examined patients' experiences with pain self‐management and how their self‐management of chronic, cancer‐related pain may be complemented by behavioral mobile health (mHealth) interventions.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured qualitative interviews with patients with advanced cancer and pain. Each participant reviewed content from our behavioral mHealth application for cancer pain management and early images of its interface. Participants reflected on their experiences self‐managing cancer pain and on app content. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a combination of inductive and deductive thematic analysis.ResultsPatients (n = 28; 54% female; mean age = 53) across two geographic regions reported using psychological strategies (e.g., reframing negative thoughts, distraction, pain acceptance, social support) to manage chronic cancer‐related pain. Patients shared their perspectives on the integration of psycho‐behavioral pain treatments into their existing medical care and their experiences with opioid hesitancy. Patient recommendations for how mHealth interventions could best support them coalesced around two topics: 1.) convenience in accessing integrated pharmacological and psycho‐behavioral pain education and communication tools and 2.) relevance of the specific content to their clinical situation.ConclusionsIntegrated pharmacological and psycho‐behavioral pain treatments were important to participants. This underscores a need to coordinate complimentary approaches when developing cancer pain management interventions. Participant feedback suggests that an mHealth intervention that integrates pain treatments may have the capacity to increase advanced cancer patients' access to destigmatizing, accessible care while improving pain self‐management.
Isolated cryptococcal pleural effusion in a heart transplant recipient: A case report and literature review of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase levels
Authors: Lee Jaehee , Park Bo Eun , Jang Se Yong , Kim Chang Ho 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIsolated cryptococcal pleural effusion is rare as the initial clinical presentation in opportunistic cryptococcal infection. We describe a 59‐year‐old male heart transplantation recipient who presented with a mononuclear‐leukocyte‐predominant exudative pleural effusion, with adenosine deaminase levels (ADA) of 37 IU/L and focal pleural nodularity on computed tomography. A thorough evaluation, including pleural fluid culture, cryptococcal antigen, and histological examination, led to the diagnosis of cryptococcal pleural effusion. Antifungal therapy with fluconazole of 400 mg/day showed clinical and radiological improvement. A literature review identified six cases of cryptococcal pleural effusion that reported pleural fluid ADA levels. All cases, including the present one, involved immunocompromised hosts and exhibited a mononuclear‐leukocyte‐predominant exudate. High pleural fluid ADA levels were observed in approximately half of these cases. The pleural fluid cryptococcal antigen test was an important diagnostic tool for early diagnosis. In an era where immunocompromised hosts are increasing, cryptococcal infection should be considered as a potential aetiology in immunosuppressed patients with an exudative pleural effusion of unknown cause, even if ADA levels are elevated.
Evaluation of alternative approaches to PHABSIM modeling of coastal cutthroat trout spawning habitat
Authors: Beecher Hal A. , Boessow Steven N. , Gates Kiza K. , Losee James P. , Freeman Riley , Madel Gabriel M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the face of a changing climate and increasing human demand for water, an understanding of habitat preference has become critical for managing wild fish populations and projecting potential changes in habitat and populations. Two approaches to Physical Habitat Simulation (PHABSIM) modeling of coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii spawning habitat were compared by modeling a reach, consisting of eight transects covering a pool and upstream and downstream riffles, of a small Puget Sound stream with two sets of habitat variables. The reach contained a cluster of redds 2 years in a row, assumed to be an indication of preferred spawning habitat and was located in the area of maximum spawning in the watershed, based on multiple years of redd surveys. Two PHABSIM instream flow models of the study site, one based on standard microhabitat (depth [D], velocity [V], and substrate [S]) suitabilities and the other based on D, V, and channel unit (CU) suitabilities, were developed and compared for their relative ability to correctly predict coastal cutthroat trout spawning habitat selection at the redd cluster within the PHABSIM study site. One approach was the standard use of habitat suitability criteria (HSC) for D, V, and S to indicate spawning habitat quality. The alternate approach was to replace substrate HSC with CU index HSC that incorporated dominant substrate particle diameter, CU (riffle, deep and shallow pool tail, pool body, deep and shallow pool edge, cascade, waterfall, and terrestrial), where deep and shallow units were based on relative residual depth (RRD), size of CU relative to channel width, and position within CU. Spawning habitat quality was calculated for each transect as weighted usable width with the standard HSC metrics (WUWs) as well as the modified CU index (WUWm). WUWm at the transects bracketing the redd cluster exceeded WUWm at the remaining six transects and was outside the 95% confidence interval for WUWm at the remaining transects. In contrast, WUWs varied less between the redd cluster and the remainder of the transects, suggesting the CU index better reflected spawning habitat quality than substrate. Incorporation of elevation relative to SZF addressed vulnerability to declining flow during incubation. Both models resulted in maximum WUA within the range of discharges that coincided with the majority of fresh cutthroat trout redds in Skookum Creek.
A Functionally Asymmetric Janus Hygro‐Photothermal Hybrid for Atmospheric Water Harvesting in Arid Regions
Authors: Chen Weicheng , Liu Yangxi , Xu Bolin , Ganesan Muthusankar , Tan Bingqiong , Tan Yuxuan , Luo Fan , Liang Xianghui , Wang Shuangfeng , Gao Xuenong , Zhang Zhengguo , Ye Ruquan , Leung Dennis Y. C. , Ravi Sai Kishore , Fang Yutang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are high‐performance adsorbents for atmospheric water harvesting but have poor water‐desorption ability, requiring excess energy input to release the trapped water. Addressing this issue, a Janus‐structured adsorbent with functional asymmetry is presented. The material exhibits contrasting functionalities on either face – a hygroscopic face interfaced with a photothermal face. Hygroscopic aluminum fumarate MOF and photothermal CuxS layers are in‐situ grown on opposite sides of a Cu/Al bimetallic substrate, resulting in a CuxS‐Cu/Al‐MOF Janus hygro‐photothermal hybrid. The two faces serve as independent “factories” for photothermal conversion and water adsorption‐desorption respectively, while the interfacing bimetallic layer serves as a “heat conveyor belt” between them. Due to the high porosity and hydrophilicity of the MOF, the hybrid exhibits a water‐adsorption capacity of 0.161 g g−1 and a fast adsorption rate (saturation within 52 min) at 30% relative humidity. Thanks to the photothermal CuxS, the hybrid can reach 71.5 °C under 1 Sun in 20 min and desorb 97% adsorbed water in 40 min, exhibiting a high photothermal conversion efficiency of over 90%. CuxS‐Cu/Al‐MOF exhibits minimal fluctuations after 200 cycles, and its water‐generation capacity is 3.21 times that of powdery MOF in 3 h in a self‐designed prototype in one cycle.
A Contrast‐Enhanced Tri‐Modal MRI Technique for High‐Performance Hypoxia Imaging of Breast Cancer
Authors: Mao Quanliang , Gu Mengyin , Hong Chengyuan , Wang Huiying , Ruan Xinzhong , Liu Zhusheng , Yuan Bo , Xu Mengting , Dong Chen , Mou Lei , Gao Xiang , Tang Guangyu , Chen Tianxiang , Wu Aiguo , Pan Yuning 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPersonalized radiotherapy strategies enabled by the construction of hypoxia‐guided biological target volumes (BTVs) can overcome hypoxia‐induced radioresistance by delivering high‐dose radiotherapy to targeted hypoxic areas of the tumor. However, the construction of hypoxia‐guided BTVs is difficult owing to lack of precise visualization of hypoxic areas. This study synthesizes a hypoxia‐responsive T1, T2, T2 mapping tri‐modal MRI molecular nanoprobe (SPION@ND) and provides precise imaging of hypoxic tumor areas by utilizing the advantageous features of tri‐modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). SPION@ND exhibits hypoxia‐triggered dispersion‐aggregation structural transformation. Dispersed SPION@ND can be used for routine clinical BTV construction using T1‐contrast MRI. Conversely, aggregated SPION@ND can be used for tumor hypoxia imaging assessment using T2‐contrast MRI. Moreover, by introducing T2 mapping, this work designs a novel method (adjustable threshold‐based hypoxia assessment) for the precise assessment of tumor hypoxia confidence area and hypoxia level. Eventually this work successfully obtains hypoxia tumor target and accurates hypoxia tumor target, and achieves a one‐stop hypoxia‐guided BTV construction. Compared to the positron emission tomography‐based hypoxia assessment, SPION@ND provides a new method that allows safe and convenient imaging of hypoxic tumor areas in clinical settings.
Carboxyl‐Decorated UiO‐66 Supporting Pd Nanoparticles for Efficient Room‐Temperature Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignin Derivatives
Authors: Yangcheng Ruixue , Li Jingwei , He Jiadai , Zheng Yuxin , Yu Haijie , Chen Cailing , Wang Jianjian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin derivatives at room‐temperature (RT) is still of challenge due to the lack of satisfactory activity reported in previous literature. Here, it is successfully designed a Pd/UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 catalyst by using UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 as the support with uncoordinated carboxyl groups. This catalyst, featuring a moderate Pd loading, exhibited exceptional activity in RT HDO of vanillin (VAN, a typical model lignin derivative) to 2‐methoxyl‐4‐methylpheonol (MMP), and >99% VAN conversion with >99% MMP yield is achieved, which is the first metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐based catalyst realizing the goal of RT HDO of lignin derivatives, surpassing previous reports in the literature. Detailed investigations reveal a linear relationship between the amount of uncoordinated carboxyl group and MMP yield. These uncoordinated carboxyl groups accelerate the conversion of intermediate such as vanillyl alcohol (VAL), ultimately leading to a higher yield of MMP over Pd/UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 catalyst. Furthermore, Pd/UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 catalyst also exhibits exceptional reusability and excellent substrate generality, highlighting its promising potential for further biomass utilization.