bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of a Reference-Interval Approach to Tympanometric Norms Using U.S. Population Data for Ages 6–80+ Years
Authors: Humes Larry 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
United States national data for tympanometric measures from 16,614 ears included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2015–2016 and 2017–2020 were analyzed and described.

Method:

Analyses were primarily descriptive and relied on distribution-free medians and cumulative distribution functions (CDFs). Differences between CDFs were examined using Cohen's
h
effect size. Results are presented for the age range 6–80+ years. A reference interval (RI) approach was pursued in which the interval from the 2.5th to the 95th percentile for healthy ears was specified for peak-compensated static admittance (Y
tm
+), tympanometric peak pressure, tympanometric width, and equivalent acoustic ear-canal volume (V
ea
+).

Results:

Separate RIs were required for 6- to 13-year-olds compared to those 14–80+ years of age for all four tympanometric measures. For both age groups, a separate RI was warranted for each sex for Y
tm
+ and V
ea
+. For those 14–80+ years of age, a separate RI was also needed for non-Hispanic Asians for Y
tm
+. When these RIs were applied to the full data set, about 5%–10% of ears were found to be either below the lower limit or above the upper limit of the RI. Those ears outside the RI limits had about 5 dB higher low-frequency hearing thresholds than those within RI limits. Both Y
tm
+ and V
ea
+ were found to depend on body size.

Conclusion:
RIs for tympanometric measures from individuals with healthy ears were established, and when applied to the general U.S. population 6–80+ years of age, 5%–10% of ears fell outside the RIs depending on the measure.
Grammaticality Judgments of Tense and Agreement by Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder Across Dialects of English
Authors: Oetting Janna B. , McDonald Janet L. , Vaughn Lori E. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Within General American English (GAE), the grammar weaknesses of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) have been documented with many tasks, including grammaticality judgments. Recently, Vaughn et al. replicated this finding with a judgment task targeting tense and agreement (T/A) structures for children who spoke African American English (AAE), a dialect that contains a greater variety of T/A forms than GAE. In the current study, we further tested this finding for children who spoke Southern White English (SWE), another dialect that contains a greater variety of T/A forms than GAE but less variety than AAE. Then, combining the SWE and AAE data, we explored the effects of a child's dialect, clinical group, and production of T/A forms on the children's judgments.

Method:

The data were from 88 SWE-speaking children (DLD,
n
= 18; typically developing [TD],
n
= 70) and 91 AAE-speaking children (DLD,
n
= 34; TD,
n
= 57) previously studied. As in the AAE study, the SWE judgment data were examined both with
A
′ scores and percentages of acceptability, with comparisons between dialects made on percentages of acceptability.

Results:

As in AAE, the SWE DLD group had significantly different
A
′ scores and percentages of acceptability than the SWE TD group for all sentence types, including those with T/A structures. Additional analyses indicated that the judgments of the TD but not the DLD groups showed dialect effects. Except for verbal –
s
, overt production and grammaticality judgments were correlated for the TD but not for the DLD groups.

Conclusions:

Children with DLD across dialects of English present grammar difficulties that affect their ability to make judgments about sentences. More cross-dialectal research is needed to better understand the grammatical weaknesses of childhood DLD, especially for structures such as verbal –
s
that are expressed differently across dialects of English.
Radiographic Magnification on Videofluoroscopy: An Important Variable to Consider for Scaled Analyses of Swallowing
Authors: Molfenter Sonja M. , Jones-Rastelli Rebecca Brynn , Balou Matina 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Traditionally, kinematic measures on videofluoroscopy require the use of an external scalar (such as a penny) to transform pixels to absolute distances. Videofluoroscopy is subject to image magnification based on the distance of the feature of interest to the X-ray source. However, the impact of the position/location of the external scalar on swallowing measures is unknown. Our goal was to systematically investigate the accuracy of various common external scalar locations in lateral and anterior–posterior (A-P) view.

Method:
U.S. pennies were taped to a styrofoam head in three positions (on the left and right lateral neck and in midline submentally). Locations were measured to ensure equal left and right, as well as midline, placement. A metal screwdriver (6 mm in diameter) was inserted into the premanufactured hole that is centrally located at the bottom of the styrofoam head. The head was centered on a medical tray and placed in the middle of a Siemens Alpha C-arm Fluoroscope field. ImageJ was used to measure penny length in pixels (three locations) in both lateral and A-P views. Penny length was known (19.05 mm), and, therefore, used to derive screwdriver size (for each location) for comparison to the actual screwdriver size.

Results:
All scalars overestimated the screwdriver size ranging from 6.55 to 7.87 mm, representing a 9%–31% inflation. Scalars closer to the X-ray source had the largest magnification.

Conclusions:
Our results confirm that image magnification of external scalars is a significant source of variability that is currently unaccounted for in the swallowing literature. Recommendations for future research design/measurement methods are provided.
Using the Natural Language Acquisition Protocol to Support Gestalt Language Development
Authors: Blanc Marge , Blackwell Amanda , Elias Paulina 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to describe gestalt language development, a natural style of language acquisition, and describe how the Natural Language Acquisition (NLA) protocol can be used to support autistic and non-autistic individuals with language development. NLA builds on previous research findings and is used to detail and quantify the stages of gestalt language development.

Method:
This article is based on a review of the literature that describes echolalia and the language acquisition process of individuals who develop language in a gestalt style.

Results:

For years, autistic people have been sharing about their lived experiences with acquiring language through “scripts” and
“
echolalia.” Collaborating with families and establishing a connection based on trust between the clinician and the child are essential components of supporting gestalt language development and are at the core of NLA.

Conclusions:
Clinicians can use the strategies outlined in NLA to support language development in gestalt language processors. In the interest of not excluding autistic people or underrepresented groups, it is necessary to change the traditional sequence of research to include marginalized communities such as multilingual and international populations in future studies regarding gestalt language development.
Two‐order cooperative optimization of swarm control based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Yu Dengxiu , Qin Zhenhao , Chen Kang , Cheong Kang Hao , Chen C. L. Philip 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a study of the cooperative optimal swarm control problem for two‐order multi‐agent systems with partially unknown nonlinear functions. Unlike traditional approaches that consider a single error, this paper proposes to use multi‐order errors in the performance index function to achieve optimal control performance. Additionally, different proportional coefficients are assigned to illustrate the varying influences of each sequence error, and a two‐order cooperative (TOC)performance index function is designed. To address the influence of unknown nonlinear functions, a swarm control system based on sliding mode control with an actor‐critic network is constructed, which increases the applicability of the proposed method to a variety of dynamic models. Furthermore, to alleviate the computational pressure caused by the multi‐order errors in the TOC performance index function, a new reinforcement learning (RL)‐based sliding mode swarm controller is designed. The stability of the proposed controller is demonstrated using the Lyapunov function. Finally, the control model and control rate are applied to a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle system, and simulation results demonstrate that the multi‐agent systems can effectively achieve swarm control.Impact Statement: This paper proposes a reinforcement learning‐based sliding mode control strategy for the cooperative optimal swarm control problem, where the nonlinear functions of two‐order multi‐agent systems are only partially known. In addition, we also propose a cooperative performance index function, which takes into account multi‐order errors for optimizing the performance. This contribution is significant for research in sliding mode control strategies and error co‐optimization.
A 0.45‐V low‐power low‐noise amplifier using a wideband image‐rejection technology
Authors: Hsieh Jian‐Yu , Chen Wei‐Ting 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA 0.45‐V low‐power wideband image‐rejection low‐noise amplifier (LNA) using Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.18‐μm CMOS process has been proposed. The supply voltage, power consumption and chip area of the proposed LNA can be reduced using forward body biasing, folded cascode topology and a feedback capacitor. Moreover, a wideband gain‐enhancement‐and‐image‐rejection (WGEIR) circuit including a variable resonant LC tank and a common‐gate amplifier has been developed. The inductance of the variable resonant LC tank can enlarge the gain of the proposed LNA. The capacitance of the variable resonant LC tank can achieve the image rejection. Using the WGEIR circuit, gain enhancement and wideband image rejection can be achieved simultaneously. The variable inductors and capacitors are developed for suppressing wideband image signals and good image rejection ratio (IRR). The combination of the variable inductors and capacitors can achieve eight image‐reject frequencies under three control voltages. The proposed LNA shows the measured results including a 10‐dB power gain, a 3‐dB noise figure (NF) and a −11‐dBm input third‐order intercept point (IIP3) at 2.4 GHz, respectively. The measured IRR ranges from 18 to 23 dBc around 3.6–4.5 GHz, which is 900‐MHz image‐reject bandwidth. The measured proposed LNA using the mentioned techniques consumes 0.8‐mW power.
Fault detection and classification using deep learning method and neuro‐fuzzy algorithm in a smart distribution grid
Authors: Mbey Camille Franklin , Foba Kakeu Vinny Junior , Boum Alexandre Teplaira , Souhe Felix Ghislain Yem 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article proposes a deep learning (DL) model made of Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to detect fault in smart distribution grid assisted by communication systems using smart meter data. In smart grid, data analysis for fault identification and detection is crucial for grid monitoring. Nowadays, there are several DL techniques developed for smart grid data analysis applications. To solve this problem, a novel data analysis model based on deep learning and Neuro‐fuzzy algorithm is developed for fault location in a smart power grid. First, the LSTM is applied for training the data samples extracted from the smart meters. Then, an ANFIS algorithm is implemented for fault detection and identification from the trained data. Finally, faults are located with the higher accuracy. With this intelligent method proposed, single‐phase, two‐phase and three‐phase faults can be identified using a restricted amount of data. The novelty of the proposed method compared with other methods is the capability of fast training and testing even with large amount of data. To verify the effectiveness of our methodology, an intelligent model of the IEEE 13‐node network is used. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed model are evaluated using several parameters such as accuracy, precision‐recall, F1‐score, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and complexity time. The obtained results indicate that the proposed deep learning model outperforms existing deep learning methods in the literature for fault detection and classification with 99.99% accuracy.
Iron Deficiency Prior to Discharge in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Screening with Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content
Authors: Kennady Geetika , Afridi Faraz , Neumann Dana , Amendolia Barbara , Kilic Nicole , Bhat Vishwanath , Bhandari Vineet , Aghai Zubair H. 
Published: October 2023

Objective This study aimed to assess the iron status prior to discharge in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants utilizing reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) and evaluate the impact of delayed cord clamping (DCC) on iron status.
Study Design This is a retrospective analysis of VLBW infants from two tertiary level of care Neonatal Intensive Care Units. The primary outcome was the proportion of VLBW infants with low CHr (<29 pg) prior to discharge. Hematologic parameters were also compared between infants who received or did not receive DCC. Infants with a positive newborn screen for hemoglobin Bart's were excluded.
Results Among the 315 infants included, 99 infants (31.4%) had low CHr prior to discharge. The median (interquartile range) CHr prior to discharge was 30.8 pg (28.4–39 pg). DCC was performed in 46.7% of infants. Hemoglobin at birth, discharge, and CHr prior to discharge were higher and the need for blood transfusion and the number of infants with low CHr prior to discharge were lower in the DCC group.
Conclusion Approximately 31.4% of VLBW infants had low CHr near the time of discharge suggesting they were iron deficient. DCC improved hematological parameters prior to discharge in VLBW infants. CHr content can be used to guide iron supplementation in VLBW infants to potentially improve their iron status and long-term neurocognitive outcomes.
Key Points
Electrochemical Hydro- and Deuterocarboxylation of Allenes
Authors: Ding Cheng-Lin , Zhong Jun-Song , Yan Hong , Ye Ke-Yin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElectrochemical hydrocarboxylation and deuterocarboxylation of allenes and carbon dioxide were achieved with H2O and D2O, respectively. This reaction generally affords good to excellent regioselectivity in the formation of diverse carboxylic acids.
Very Rare Liver Tumor: PEComa Case Report with and a Review of Literature
Authors: Yazıcı Celal , Gündoğdu Elif 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPerivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are very rare mesenchymal tumors. In addition to being rare in general, they are even rarer in the liver. There are various subtypes and there is only one case of liver PEComa reported in the clear cell type in the literature to date. We present the second clear cell type liver PEComa in this case by reviewing the literature data. The hypodense, smooth-edged, ovoid lesion was detected on computed tomography (CT) for performing abdominal pain in a 41-year-old female patient. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was then performed for lesion characterization. The lesion was hypointense on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). In dynamic phases, it showed marked enhancement on the arterial phase and capsular enhancement with central washout on the portal and late venous phases. The posterior branch of the right portal vein extended into the mass. The lesion was excised and the pathological result was epithelioid clear cell subtype of PEComa. Although the imaging findings are generally nonspecific and certain diagnosis is made histopathologically, radiologists should consider PEComa in the differential diagnosis in the presence of intensely enhanced lesion on the right lobe in female patients. Also, the “large vessel sign” may help in the diagnosis.
Complete Duplication of Inferior Vena Cava Coexisting with Double Superior Vena Cava In Situ Solitus: Hitherto Unreported Pattern
Authors: Sharma Arun , Bhatia Harsimran , Naganur Sanjeev Hanumantacharya , Singhal Manphool 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCongenital anomalies of inferior vena cava are increasingly being recognized with the technical advancements and increased utilization of cross-sectional imaging techniques. Duplication of inferior vena cava classically involves duplication of the infrarenal segment, where both inferior vena cava ascend on either side of the abdominal aorta until they form a confluence at the level of the renal veins. It has been extensively described in literature with few reports of more complex variation in the form of duplicated infrarenal inferior vena cava with azygos or hemiazygos continuation. This article describes extremely rare complete duplication of inferior vena cava involving both suprarenal and infrarenal segments. Moreover, the complete duplication of inferior vena cava is seen in association with concomitant double superior vena cava, in a patient with visceroatrial situs solitus and associated congenital heart disease, which to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported so far in literature. This study also highlights the utility of multidetector computed tomography in accurate identification of such anomalies.
Bilateral Cubonavicular and Synchronous Talocalcaneal Tarsal Coalition with Stress Response—Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Hussein Mohsin , Metcalfe Stuart , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTarsal coalition occurs in 1% of the population and represents a congenital failure of segmentation in two or more tarsal bones. It most commonly occurs at the talocalcaneal and calcaneonavicular joint. Although commonly asymptomatic, it may present with pain, rigidity, and pes planus. Cubonavicular, multiple synchronous, and bilateral coalitions are rare but an awareness is required to ensure accurate diagnosis and management. In this article, we presented the first reported case (to the best of our knowledge) of bilateral cubonavicular coalition with synchronous talocalcaneal coalition and stress response within the intermediate cuneiform.
Repeat Surgery for Vestibular Schwannomas: An Institutional Case Series
Authors: Nandoliya Khizar R. , Winterhalter Emily J. , Karras Constantine L. , Khazanchi Rushmin , Youngblood Mark W. , Texakalidis Pavlos , Chandler James P. , Magill Stephen T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are treated with microsurgery and/or radiosurgery. Repeat resection is rare, and few studies have reported postoperative outcomes. The objective of this study was to describe clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients undergoing repeat surgery for VS.
Methods All adult (≥ 18 years) patients undergoing VS resection between 2003 and 2022 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients who underwent repeat surgery of an ipsilateral VS following prior gross-total (GTR) or subtotal resection. Patient, radiographic, and clinical characteristics were reviewed. Primary outcomes were postoperative tumor volume, extent of resection, postoperative cranial nerve deficits, and time to further tumor progression.
Results Of 102 patients undergoing VS resection, 6 (5.9%) had undergone repeat surgery. Median (range) follow-up was 20 (5–117) months. Three patients were female. Median age was 56 (36–60) years. Median pre- and postoperative tumor volumes were 8.2 (1.8–28.2) cm3 and 0.4 (0–3.8) cm3. GTR was achieved in two patients. Four patients had higher House-Brackmann scores at last follow-up, but none had tumor progression.
Conclusion In this small cohort of patients, repeat resection of recurrent or progressive VS can effectively reduce tumor volume with acceptable perioperative outcomes.
Interventional Neuroradiology: Why Don't Brazilian Female Physicians Like It?
Authors: Gatto Luana Antunes Maranha , Martins Marina Anita , Lourenço Elora Sampaio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective Much has been discussed about gender diversity in all professional fields, particularly in medicine. Recent studies showing that there are fewer than ten female professionals in interventional neuroradiology (INR) in a continental country like Brazil, and less than thirty in all of Latin America, have prompted an investigation into the causes of the low numbers of women choosing to follow this medical specialty. This project intended to reveal the reasons through an anonymous form applied to women in the final year of the three medical residencies considered prerequisites for INR in Brazil: neurology, radiology and neurosurgery.
Materials and Methods The questionnaire addressed to each of the three fields contemplated the professionals' preference to follow their respective subspecialties, in addition to common considerations that could be deemed barriers to INR.
Results Surprisingly, the weak link in the chain was demonstrated to be radiology, which is the exclusive prerequisite residency for training in INR in many countries. However, in Brazil, most doctors who graduate in INR come from Neurosurgery and, secondly, from neurology. These two specialties together account for less than half of the female residents compared to radiology alone.
Conclusion All of the following items were already expected: difficulty in reconciling a double shift; employment opportunity; long training time; the lack of female leaders inspiring new generations of doctors; issues involving radiation and motherhood; and still the barriers of misogyny and machismo. But specific studies need to be conducted to find out why very few radiology residents follow INR training in Brazil.
Comparison of Prognostic Performance between Fisher and Modified Fisher Scales for Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Rabello Pedro Henrique Mouty , Rabelo Nicollas Nunes , Telles João Paulo Mota , Coelho Antônio Carlos Samaia da Silva , Yoshikawa Marcia Harumy , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective The present study aims to assess and compare the prognostic value of these two scales for predicting mortality.
Method We reviewed 172 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, who were followed-up for 6 months. The Fisher and modified Fisher scales were evaluated for the prediction of mortality using logistic regressions.
Results The Fisher scale was associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–4.05) in the multivariate analysis. The modified Fisher scale was not associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.9–2.29), nor in the univariate analysis (OR: 1.24; 95%CI: 0.87–1.86). There was no significant association between Fisher score and unfavorable functional outcomes (mRS > 2) in the univariate analysis (OR: 1.33; 95%CI: 0.92–1.92), nor in the multivariate analysis (OR: 1.37; 95%CI: 0.92–2.05). There was no significant association between modified Fisher scores and unfavorable functional outcomes in the univariate analysis (OR: 1.16; 95%CI: 0.88–1.52). There was also no significant association in the multivariate analysis (OR: 1.18; 95%CI: 0.88–1.57).
Conclusion Only the Fisher scale was associated with mortality. Neither of the two scales was associated with unfavorable functional outcomes (mRS > 2).