bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2020 Annual Report of National Clinical Database-Breast Cancer Registry: 10-Year Mortality of Elderly Breast Cancer Patients in Japan
Authors: Sagara Yasuaki , Kumamaru Hiraku , Niikura Naoki , Miyashita Minoru , Konishi Takaaki , Iwamoto Takayuki , Sanuki Naoko , Tanakura Kenta , Nagahashi Masayuki , Hayashi Naoki , Yoshida Masayuki , Kinukawa Naoko , Watanabe Chie , Toi Masakazu , Saji Shigehira 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Japanese Breast Cancer Society initiated the breast cancer registry in 1975, which transitioned to the National Clinical Database-Breast Cancer Registry in 2012. This annual report presents data from 2020 and analyzes the ten-year mortality rates for those aged 65 and older. We analyzed data from 93,784 breast cancer (BC) cases registered in 2020 and assessed 10-year mortality rates for 36,279 elderly patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2012.
In 2020, 99.4% of BC cases were females with a median age of 61. Most (65%) were diagnosed at early stages (Stage 0 or I). Breast-conserving surgery rates varied with stages: 58.5% at cStage I, 30.8% at cStage II, and 13.1% at cStage III. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was done in 73.6% of cases, followed by radiotherapy in 70% of those post-conserving surgery and chemotherapy in 21.1% post-surgery. Pathology showed that 63.4% had tumors under 2.0 cm, 11.7% had pTis tumors, and 77.3% had no axillary lymph node metastasis. ER positivity was seen in 75.1%, HER2 in 14.3%, and 30% had a Ki67 positivity rate above 30%.
Across all stages and subtypes, there was a trend where the 10-year mortality rates increased for individuals older than 65 years. In Stage I, many deaths were not directly linked to BC and, for those with HER2-type and triple-negative BC, breast cancer-related deaths increased with age. Within Stage II, patients older than 70 years with luminal-type BC often experienced deaths not directly linked to BC, whereas patients below 80 years with HER2-type and triple-negative BC, likely had breast cancer-related deaths. In Stage III, breast cancer-related deaths were more common, particularly in HER2 and triple-negative BC,.
Our prognostic analysis underscores distinct mortality patterns by stage, subtype, and age in elderly BC patients. It highlights the importance of personalized treatment strategies, considering subtype-specific aggressiveness, age-related factors, and comorbidities.
A Study on the Global Patterns in the Design and Development of Ventricular Assist Devices: A Visualization Approach
Authors: Sood Ajay Kumar , Ayyagari Kameswari Prasada Rao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A bibliometric analysis of 275 publications related to the design and development of Ventricular assist devices (VAD) has been conducted to analyze the developments in this research domain since 1990. This field of research has been witnessing a significant growth in terms of number of publications as more researchers are showing interest in this field, with the technological advancements in the past few years. This is first such bibliometric study in design and development of VAD, which uses data from both Scopus as well as Web of Science (WOS) databases. Research advancement in this domain can be divided into two stages: first stage (1990 to 2004) saw slow growth (N = 65) while second stage (from 2005 onwards) witnessed an increase in publications (N = 210). Most of the significant research work has been carried out in developed countries like USA, China, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom and France etc. This study presents a comprehensive examination of pivotal moments in the evolution of Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) research, along with potential avenues for future exploration in various VAD research domains such as the utilization of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to enhance the design, utilization, and data-driven optimization of VADs.
Morbidity and hospitalisations among older adults with home care – a nationwide register study
Authors: Schmidt-Mende Katharina , Arvinge Cecilia , Cioffi Giovanni , Gustafsson Lars L , Modig Karin , Meyer Anna C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Older adults with home care have potentially complex disease patterns and extensive use of health care. Increased understanding is necessary to tailor their social and medical care. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe patterns of morbidity and hospitalisations among community-dwelling older home care clients nation-wide and in subgroups defined by age, sex, and amount of home care.
Methods: Nationwide register-based cohort study in community-dwelling adults aged 70 and older receiving publicly funded home care in Sweden on January 1st 2019 as well as an age-and-sex matched comparison group. Using register data from inpatient and specialized outpatient care, we assessed the prevalence of sixty chronic diseases, frailty, and multimorbidity. We further calculated incidence rates and explored reasons for hospital admissions during two years of follow-up.
Results: We identified 138,113 persons with home care (mean age 85, 66% women, 57% ≥5 chronic diseases). The most common diseases were cardiovascular and eye conditions. Compared to their same-aged peers, home care recipients had a higher prevalence of almost all conditions, with an overrepresentation of neurological including dementia and psychiatric disease. Home care clients were hospitalized twice as often as their peers and one third of hospitalisations were due to injuries, infections, and heart failure. Hospitalisations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, confusion, infections, and breathing difficulties were disproportionally more common among home care recipients.
Conclusion: Neurological diseases including dementia, and psychiatric diseases are overrepresented among home care clients, and they are hospitalized twice as often as their same-aged peers. Severe infections, falls and decompensated heart failure are the most common reasons for hospitalization, all of which are be potentially preventable by a well-functioning primary care. Potential strategies to improve care for older HC recipients include close collaboration between primary care, neurologists, and rehabilitative medicine; and the prevention of functional decline through fall prevention or prescription of anticoagulation to people with atrial fibrillation.
Kaempferol-induced mitochondrial damage promotes NF-κB- NLRP3-caspase-1 signaling axis-mediated pyroptosis in gastric cancer cells
Authors: Qi Xiafei , liu jiatong , Wang liuxiang , Gu Peixing , Song Siyuan , Shu Peng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose：Gastric cancer （GC）is a gastrointestinal tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Owing to the high rate of postoperative recurrence associated with GC, the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be compromised by the occurrence of severe undesirable side effects. In light of these circumstances, kaempferol (KP), a flavonoid abundantly present in diverse herbal and fruit sources, emerges as a promising therapeutic agent with inherent anti-tumor properties. This study endeavors to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of KP in the context of Gastric cancer while unraveling the intricate underlying mechanisms.
Methods：We employed methods of bioinformatics, network pharmacology, and molecular docking, followed by multiple experimental validations.
Result：Our investigations unveil that KP stimulation effectively promotes the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles within AGS cells by engaging the NF-κB signaling pathway. Consequently, the signal cascade triggers the cleavage of Caspase-1, culminating in the liberation of IL-18. Furthermore, we ascertain that KP facilitate AGS cell pyroptosis by inducing mitochondrial damage.
Conclusion：Our findings showcase KP as a compelling candidate for the treatment of Gastric cancer -related diseases, heralding new possibilities for future therapeutic interventions.
Effect of plant communities on bacterial, fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal communities in a Central European grassland
Authors: Lepinay Clémentine , Větrovský Tomáš , Chytrý Milan , Dřevojan Pavel , Fajmon Karel , Cajthaml Tomáš , Baldrian Petr 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

BackgroundGrasslands provide fundamental ecosystem services that are supported by their plant diversity. However, the importance of plant taxonomic diversity for the diversity of other taxa in grasslands remains an open question. Here, we studied the associations between plant communities, soil chemistry and soil microbiome in wooded meadow of Čertoryje (White Carpathians, Czech Republic), a European hotspot of plant species diversity.ResultsHigh plant diversity was associated with treeless grassland patches with high primary productivity and high contents of soil nitrogen and organic carbon. In contrast, low plant diversity occurred in grasslands near solitary trees and forest edges. Fungal communities differed between low-diversity and high-diversity grasslands more strongly than bacterial communities, while the difference in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) depended on their location in soil vs plant roots. High-diversity plant communities had a higher diversity of fungi including soil AMF than grasslands with low plant diversity, different community composition and higher bacterial and soil AMF biomass. Root AMF composition differed only slightly between grasslands with low and high plant diversity. Trees dominated the belowground plant community in low-diversity grasslands, which influenced microbial diversity and composition.ConclusionsThe determinants of microbiome abundance and composition in grasslands are complex. Soil chemistry mainly influenced bacterial communities, while vegetation mainly affected fungal (including AMF) communities. Further studies on the functional roles of microbial communities are needed to understand plant-soil-microbe interactions and their involvement in grassland ecosystem services.
The Effect of SGLT2i on the GH/IGF1 Axis in Newly Diagnosed Male T2D Patients - A Prospective, Randomized Case-Control Study
Authors: Lin Jing , Zhan Liqin , Chen Zheng , Lin Xiaying , Liu Kaiyuan , zhu rongfeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the effect of SGLT2i on the GH/IGF1 axis in male patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods
Sixty male patients with newly diagnosed T2D were recruited, randomly assigned to Metformine+SGLT2i group and Metformine group after baseline assessment. All patients received standard lifestyle interventions, blood indices were obtained before and after 12 weeks of treatment.
Results
After 12 weeks of Metformine+SGLT2i treatment, patients' FPG (Fasting plasma glucose), HBA1c, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and UACR were significantly improved (P<0.05). IGF1(P=0.01) and IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio (P<0.01) significantly increased, whereas GH, IGFBP3 did not change significantly. Metformine group reduced patients' FPG and HBA1c levels but did not affect IGF1, IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio, GH, IGFBP3 and HOMA-IR. Comparing Metformine+SGLT2i group and Metformine group, SGLT2i significantly improved HOMA-IR level [P=0.04], elevated IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio level [P=0.04], but had no significant effect on GH, IGF1 and IGFBP3. Correlation analysis showed that blood IGF1 level was negatively correlated with FPG, HBA1c, HOMA-IR, and positively correlated with IGFBP3. Regression analysis showed that FPG, testosterone had a negative effect on blood IGF1 level, and HOMAIR had no obvious effect on blood IGF1.
Conclusion
In male patients with newly diagnosed T2D, SGLT2i can increase IGF1/IGFBP3 ratio, alleviate insulin resistance, but it has no significant effect on GH and IGF1 levels. In addition, our study also showed that after Metformine+SGLT2i treatment, the blood IGF1 level increased, and insulin resistance improved, suggesting the positive role of IGF1 in newly diagnosed T2D.
Measures of inbreeding and heterozygosity-fitness correlations in koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) from south-east Queensland, Australia
Authors: Hulse Lyndal S , Thia Joshua A , Schultz Bridie , Johnston Stephen D , Seddon Jenny M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Inbreeding threatens many species of conservation concern. Inbreeding decreases heterozygosity (increases homozygosity) and can drive up a population’s genetic load as deleterious mutations increase in frequency. Understanding how declining heterozygosity translates into declining fitness is of high importance for conservation practitioners. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of inbreeding on fitness traits in captive and wild populations of the iconic koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) from south-east Queensland, Australia. Using 5,757 ddRAD SNPs, we found that our sampled koalas were separated into three genetic groups: a captive group (N = 36) and two genetically distinct wild groups that were divided into northern (N = 41) and southern (N = 50) populations in the Gold Coast area. Inbreeding coefficients (FIS) were slightly lower in the captive population (0.003) compared to the wild northern (0.088). While the FIS value of the southern population (-0.006) suggests minimal inbreeding within the population. Heterozygosity-fitness correlations between four fitness traits (reproductive fitness, body mass, body condition score and disease expression) and SNP heterozygosity in each of the wild groups were non-significant. This lack of signal may have been due to small effect sizes (lower power), the greater influence of environmental contributors to measured traits, and/or possibly insufficient variation in inbreeding within the populations.
Personalized lower limb gait reconstruction modeling based on RFA-ProMP
Authors: Chunhong Zeng , Kang Lu , Zhiqin He , Qinmu Wu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To generate personalized gait reference trajectories for lower limb rehabilitation exoskeletons tailored to patients with different body types, we propose a combination of a random forest algorithm (RFA) with an attention mechanism and a mimicry learning method called Probabilistic Movement Primitives (ProMP). This approach aims to establish a personalized lower limb gait reconstruction model. Firstly, the RFA is utilized to map the individual body characteristic parameters and the relationship between gait speed and gait. It predicts the gait characteristics under a specified gait speed. Then, the ProMP is introduced to learn the probability distribution of normal gait data and perform the lower limb gait reconstruction based on the predicted gait characteristics. Experimental results demonstrate that the hip and knee curves reconstructed by RFA-ProMP exhibit the smallest error. Furthermore, the generated reference trajectory aligns with the original probabilistic reference trajectory. This method proves effective in generating personalized gait curves for the lower limbs.
On the efficiency of Intrapulse Difference Frequency Generation MIR systems
Authors: Bournet Quentin , Jonusas Mindaugas , Guichard Florent , Natile Michele , Zaouter Yoann , Joffre Manuel , Bonvalet Adeline , Druon Fréderic , Hanna Marc , Georges Patrick 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Intrapulse Difference Frequency Generation (iDFG) is an interesting technique for generating femtosecond pulses in the Mid-Infrared (MIR) range with unique properties such as robust Carrier-Envelope Phase (CEP) stability. However, its efficiency is low compared to other techniques. In this paper, we describe an iDFG system operating within the 4 to 10 µm range that features an original architecture to enhance efficiency. First, we introduce an innovative technique on the generation process. This approach involves polarization and spectral phase shaping techniques on the driving pulse to maximize the number of photons enrolled in the process. Second, we demonstrate that the polarization shaping allows further enhancement of efficiency by recycling the iDFG signal to pump a subsequent optical parametric amplification (OPA) stage. These two concepts and the associated parameters optimization are described into details, and supported by experimental results. Combined with a high-power Yb-fiber-based pump laser, these techniques allow to achieve record efficiencies, and generate µJ-level, few-cycle, tunable, CEP-stable pulses in the MIR at repetition rates above 100 kHz.
Caffeic acid impedes the proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer through the suppression of STAT-3/ CDKs signaling axis
Authors: Yin Yuan , Wang Zhengyin , Hu Yujie , Wang Jia , Wang Yi , Lu Qun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Caffeic acid (CA) is considered a promising phytochemical that has inhibited numerous cancer cell proliferation. Therefore, it is gaining increasing attention due to its safe and pharmacological applications. In this study, we investigated the role of CA in inhibiting the STAT-3 phosphorylation-mediated suppression of the proliferation of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. The role of CA in proliferation and colony formation abilities was studied using MTT and colony formation assays. Tumour cell death and cell cycle arrest were identified using flow cytometry techniques. Migration and invasion assays detected the CA-mediated weakening of the respective abilities. The STAT3-related protein and MAPK mRNA expression levels, cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis in PC-3 cells were measured using Western blot and RT-PCR investigations, respectively. Treatment with CA inhibits PC-3 from proliferating and reduces STAT3 levels. The CA treatment reduced the PC-3 cell proliferation, enhanced the apoptosis rate, and reduced their capacity for migration and invasion. CA also decreased STAT3 phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting proliferation and anti-apoptotic proteins in PC-3 cells. CA also prevents prostate cancer cells from expressing cell cycle regulating protein expressions in PC-3 cells. Thus, CA might act as a therapeutical application against prostate cancer by targeting the STAT3 signaling axis.
Tapping into Teachers’ Voices and Technology with the Lens of Wellbeing
Authors: Mirzapour Fatemeh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This phenomenological study aimed to investigate the positive and negative impacts of technology on teachers' physical and social aspects of well-being.
Methodology: The study was conducted with 12 teachers (seven females and five males) teaching in different high schools in Tabriz, Iran. Six had a BA, and six had a master's degree with at least five years of teaching experience. Semi-structured interviews and a narrative frame were used to gather data. MAXQDA version 2022 was used to analyze the collected data.
Findings: The results revealed that implementing digital tools had positive and negative impacts on teachers' physical and social well-being. Positive effects on physical well-being were saving time and energy, brain activation, better life quality, and less holiday working, but exhaustion, increased health risk, sleep disturbance, vision problems, gaining weight, reduced physical activity, and reduced productivity were the negative ones. Besides, teachers experienced positive social well-being, enabling communication among people across the globe, easier access and transfer of information and knowledge, and making more effective relationships and communication. Negative social well-being included adverse effects on child-family relationships, less interaction with colleagues, less time with family and friends, and reduced face-to-face interaction.
Practical Implication: Some pedagogical implications were presented.
Tailoring Electronic and Optical Properties of hBN/InTe and hBN/GaTe Heterostructures Through Biaxial Strain Engineering
Authors: Šolajić Andrijana , Pešić Jelena 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this research study, we systematically investigate the electronic and optical properties of van der Waals heterostructures (HSs) consisting of InTe (GaTe) and hBN monolayers, subjected to controlled biaxial strain. Our analysis demonstrates that the application of strain induces noteworthy alterations in the electronic band structure, enabling precise manipulation of the band gap and augmentation of the absorption properties of these structures. Employing density functional theory, we conduct a comprehensive examination of the influence of strain on the electronic and optical characteristics of these HSs. Our investigation showcases the remarkable potential of strain engineering in rendering these heterostructures into efficient and robust wide-range absorbers, particularly optimised for the visible spectrum, underscoring their relevance in various photonic and optoelectronic applications, paving the way for integration into advanced nanodevices.
Increasing the reliability of Heart Disease classification models using Class Balancing techniques with Feature Engineering
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Lalwani Praveen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this article, we explore the natural problem of class imbalance in the heart disease datasets. Aiming for a comprehensive examination of the class balancing techniques we train and test our models on three different datasets all suffering from different degree of class imbalance. The Healthcare dataset (mid size) and the BRFSS-2015 dataset (large dataset) having huge class imbalance, and the Iraq hospital dataset with mild class imbalance. Feature selection is done using backward elimination and Logistic Regression (LR), Adaptive Boosting (ADB), XGBoost (XGB), Random Forest (RF), and Ensemble classifiers are combined with the four popular class balancing techniques namely Random Under Sample, Random Over Sample, SMOTETomek, and ADASYN. As proven by results, Random Under Sampling and Random Over Sampling combined with Logistic Regression and ADA Boost proves the best combination for the highly imbalanced Healthcare Stroke Dataset and BRFSS-2015 dataset by producing almost 15%-20% increase in the in F1-Score of the minority class and AU-ROC making the classifier model more robust but with a minor decline in the overall accuracy. For the mildly imbalanced Iraq Hospital dataset the same combination marginally improves the F1-Score and AU-ROC without compromising on the overall accuracy and the F1-Score of majority class.