bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature and strain characteristics of ceramic-reinforced polyurethane insulation decorative board under artificial accelerated aging conditions
Authors: Ma Tengfei , Yuan Kelong , Xiong Houren , sha Bin , Zhong Qinfang , Sun Linxiao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As a new type of thermal insulation material, ceramic-reinforced polyurethane insulation decorative board (IDB) has been applied to a certain extent, but changes in the temperature and strain between this material and the substrate wall during the aging process remain unclear. In this study, an external insulation composite system with ceramic-reinforced polyurethane IDB was subjected to 60 heat-rain cycles, and the temperature and strain at the interface between the IDB and the substrate wall were measured. The results show that the temperature of the substrate wall is about 35 °C lower than the highest temperature of the environmental box, and the temperature fluctuation of the substrate wall during 60 heat-rain cycles always maintains at about 5 °C, which indicates that the ceramic reinforced polyurethane IDB has good thermal insulation performance and durability. During the heat-rain cycles, the vertical strain varies from −750 με to + 2750 με, while the horizontal strain varies from −250 με to + 500 με, indicating that the horizontal and vertical strains have serious inhomogeneity. This local inhomogeneity may be an important reason for the aging and cracking of the IDB. The characteristics of temperature and strain could provide a reference for analyzing the synergistic effect and disbonding mechanism of the interface between the IDB and the substrate wall, and give some guidance for the design and construction of external insulation composite systems.
Upcycling waste tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) scales through a decellularization process for extracellular matrix extraction
Authors: Arellano Fernan M , Bual Ronald , Bantilan Zesreal Cain , Alimasag Johnel , Aron Jemwel , Baclayon Lean , Nisperos Michael John , Valle Kit Dominick Don , Ducao Princess Grace , Lumancas Gladine , Pague Job Jr , Labares Marionilo Jr , Bacosa Hernando 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tilapia scales, typically regarded as low-value biological waste, possess valuable organic components such as collagen and inorganic components such as hydroxyapatite. Converting these wastes into functional biomaterials like decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) contributes to long-term fish waste management to achieve sustainable fish consumption and promote a circular economy by creating a product with a high market value. Triton X-100 (TX-100) and Sodium-dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at varying concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) are utilized to extract the extracellular matrix. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these agents in decellularizing the scales and producing a suitable dECM scaffold. Histological analysis using H&E staining revealed a significant decrease in cellular components in the decellularized samples. This was supported by the dsDNA quantification results showing the highest removal rate of 96% in the samples treated with 1% SDS. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra showed the amide peaks (Amide A, B, I, II, and III) indicating the presence of type I collagen. The confirmation of type I collagen was further supported by the analysis of SDS-PAGE images, which displayed the presence of α1 and α2 chains, β-dimer, and the γ-band. Among the dECM, samples treated with 0.1% TX-100 exhibited the highest protein content, averaging 593.33 ± 17.78 μg mg−1 while 1% SDS showed the lowest protein content averaging 61.33 ± 24.03μg mg−1. All dECM samples demonstrated protein denaturation temperatures ranging from 70–75 °C. This study presents baseline data of the single chemical decellularization treatment method utilized to extract ECM from tilapia scales and its resulting dECM. Further research is recommended to assess the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the produced dECM and explore its potential applications.
Benchmarking the ragone behaviour and power performance trends of pseudocapacitive batteries
Authors: Foong Yee Wei , Bevan Kirk H 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The ‘holy grail’ of energy storage is to achieve both high energy and high power densities (

⩾
100

Wh l−1 and

∼

10
4

W l−1, respectively) as characterized in a Ragone plot. However, across the macroscopic dimensions over which energy storage systems operate, power performance is fundamentally limited by both drift and diffusion processes. In this work a macroscopic variation on the Gerischer–Hopfield formalism is applied to explore how the motion of electrical charges, moving between redox species, and screening counter-ions might be engineered in a pseudocapacitive system employing quantized capacitance (in the form of a pseudocapacitive battery) to reach this long-sought metric. Our theoretical findings show that the electron diffusion timescale between redox species generally determines power performance trends when pseudocapacitive coatings are applied monolithically. This electron-diffusion–dominated timescale, in turn, is shown to scale with the square of the coating thickness. However, when conducting pathways (or shunts) are introduced to substantially reduce the mean distance for electron diffusion the Ragone performance becomes dominated by ion drift and diffusion—even when the diffusion constants of all species are held equal. The resulting trends, for this shunting regime, show a power performance timescale that scales in a more linear fashion with increasing thickness of the redox-active region. By analyzing the Ragone performance metrics for realistic coating thicknesses between these two operational regimes, the resulting findings suggest that the diffusion constants needed to achieve the aforementioned high-performance metrics are plausibly achievable for both electronic and ionic charges in this proposed class of pseudocapacitive systems.
Numerical search for time-of-flight focusing conditions and its application to the analysis of TOF mass analyzer schemes
Authors: Kambarova Zhanar , Saulebekov Arman , Trubitsyn Andrey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A method of searching for high-order time-of-flight focusing conditions based on data of numerical trajectory analysis of corpuscular-optical systems is presented. The method makes it possible to determine the maximum achievable order of focusing, the value of the independent variable (initial coordinate, initial angle, initial velocity or energy) relative to which the focusing is observed, as well as the spatial position of focus. The method has been tested on model problems. The corpuscular-optical properties of time-of-flight devices with known analytical solutions are investigated, and the uniqueness of their parameters in their class is shown.
Optimizing collective behavior of communicating active particles with machine learning
Authors: Grauer Jens , Jan Schwarzendahl Fabian , Löwen Hartmut , Liebchen Benno 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bacteria and other self-propelling microorganisms produce and respond to signaling molecules to communicate with each other (quorum sensing) and to direct their collective behavior. Here, we explore agents (active particles) which communicate with each other to coordinate their collective dynamics for maximizing nutrient consumption. Using reinforcement learning and neural networks, we identify three different strategies: a ‘clustering strategy’, where the agents accumulate in regions of high nutrient concentration; a ‘spreading strategy’, where particles stay away from each other to avoid competing for sparse resources; and an ‘adaptive strategy’, where the agents adaptively decide to either follow or stay away from others. Our work exemplifies the idea that machine learning can be used to determine parameters that are evolutionarily optimized in biological systems but often occur as unknown parameters in mathematical models describing their dynamics.
Limited reversal of regional climate signals in overshoot scenarios
Authors: Pfleiderer Peter , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Sillmann Jana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Without stringent reductions in emission of greenhouse gases in the coming years, an exceedance of the 1.5 °C temperature limit is increasingly likely. This has given rise to so-called temperature overshoot scenarios, in which the global mean surface air temperature exceeds a certain limit (i.e. 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels) before bringing temperatures back below that limit. Despite their prominence in the climate mitigation literature, the implications of an overshoot for local climate impacts is still understudied. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of implications of an overshoot for regional temperature and precipitation changes as well as climate extremes indices. Based on a multi-model comparison from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project we find that temperature changes are largely reversible in many regions, but also report significant land–ocean and latitudinal differences after an overshoot. For precipitation, the emerging picture is less clear. In many regions the drying or wetting trend is continued throughout the overshoot irrespective of a change in the global mean temperature trend with resulting consequences for extreme precipitation. Taken together, our results indicate that even under a reversal of global mean temperature increase, regional climate changes may only be partially reversed in the decades after peak warming. We thus provide further evidence that overshooting of a warming level implies considerable risks on the regional level.
Carbon dioxide as an indicator of bioaerosol activity and human health in K-12 school systems: a scoping review of current knowledge
Authors: Gangwar Mayank , Jamal Yusuf , Usmani Moiz , Wu Chang-Yu , Jutla Antarpreet S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Indoor air quality (IAQ) in schools has received attention over the past decades but still lacks specific standards and regulations. This study aimed to review the impact of bioaerosol activity in indoor environments on acute respiratory diseases and explore whether carbon dioxide can be used as an indicator of bioaerosol and respiratory diseases in indoor environments in K-12 school systems. Findings suggest a lack of a consensual approach to evaluate bioaerosols impacting IAQ in indoor infrastructures, particularly in school environments; an elevated CO2 concentration inside the school classrooms was not uncommon, and the evidence of unsatisfactory and degraded IAQ (surpassing ASHRAE standards) at public schools in rural and urban settings in one of the North Central County, Florida. It was found that CO2 levels can be associated with bioaerosol activity, and sufficient ventilation within the space substantially reduces the airborne time of respiratory droplets and CO2 levels. CO2 monitoring can act as an effective, low-cost alternative to surveying or detecting the prevalence of respiratory diseases, which may hold strength through establishing critical CO2 thresholds and, thereafter associating it with the infectious doses of pathogen activity.
PfPIN5 promotes style elongation by regulating cell length in Primula forbesii Franch
Authors: Liu Ying , Si Weijia , Fu Sitong , Wang Jia , Cheng Tangren , Zhang Qixiang , Pan Huitang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Style dimorphism is one of the polymorphic characteristics of flowers in heterostylous plants, which have two types of flowers: the pin morph, with long styles and shorter anthers, and the thrum morph, with short styles and longer anthers. The formation of dimorphic styles has received attention in the plant world. Previous studies showed that CYP734A50 in Primula determined style length and limited style elongation and that the brassinosteroid metabolic pathway was involved in regulation of style length. However, it is unknown whether there are other factors affecting the style length of Primula.

Methods
Differentially expressed genes highly expressed in pin morph styles were screened based on Primula forbesii transcriptome data. Virus-induced gene silencing was used to silence these genes, and the style length and anatomical changes were observed 20 days after injection.

Key Results
PfPIN5 was highly expressed in pin morph styles. When PfPIN5 was silenced, the style length was shortened in pin and long-homostyle plants by shortening the length of style cells. Moreover, silencing CYP734A50 in thrum morph plants increased the expression level of PfPIN5 significantly, and the style length increased. The results indicated that PfPIN5, an auxin efflux transporter gene, contributed to regulation of style elongation in P. forbesii.

Conclusions
The results implied that the auxin pathway might also be involved in the formation of styles of P. forbesii, providing a new pathway for elucidating the molecular mechanism of style elongation in P. forbesii.
Role of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 and its citrullinated form in experimental arthritis murine models
Authors: Iwai Tamaki , Ohyama Ayako , Osada Atsumu , Nishiyama Taihei , Shimizu Masaru , Miki Haruka , Asashima Hiromitsu , Kondo Yuya , Tsuboi Hiroto , Mizuno Seiya , Takahashi Satoru , Ishigami Akihito , Matsumoto Isao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) is a major protein in serum and reported to be upregulated at the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Its citrullinated form, cit-ITIH4, is specifically found in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with RA. However, the detailed function of ITIH4 in arthritis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 using experimental arthritis models. ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 expression was examined in steady-state mice and two different arthritis models, and their pathological effects were examined in Itih4-deficient mice. In naïve C57BL/6 (WT) mice, ITIH4 was expressed as mRNA in the liver and the lung and was expressed as protein in serum and hepatocytes. In K/BxN serum transferred arthritis (K/BxN-STA) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 in sera were increased before the onset of arthritis, and cit-ITIH4 was further increased at the peak of arthritis. In Itih4-deficient mice, citrullinated proteins in serum and joints, especially 120 kDa protein, were clearly diminished; however, there was no significant difference in arthritis severity between WT and itih−/− mice either in the K/BxN-STA or CIA model. CIA mice also exhibited pulmonary lesions and itih4−/− mice tended to show enhanced inflammatory cell aggregation compared to WT mice. Neutrophils in the lungs of itih4−/− mice were significantly increased compared to WT mice. In summary, ITIH4 itself did not alter the severity of arthritis but may inhibit autoimmune inflammation via suppression of neutrophil recruitment.
Memory consolidation of sequence learning and dynamic adaptation during wakefulness
Authors: Wang Yiyu , Huynh Angelina T , Bao Shancheng , Buchanan John J , Wright David L , Lei Yuming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Motor learning involves acquiring new movement sequences and adapting motor commands to novel conditions. Labile motor memories, acquired through sequence learning and dynamic adaptation, undergo a consolidation process during wakefulness after initial training. This process stabilizes the new memories, leading to long-term memory formation. However, it remains unclear if the consolidation processes underlying sequence learning and dynamic adaptation are independent and if distinct neural regions underpin memory consolidation associated with sequence learning and dynamic adaptation. Here, we first demonstrated that the initially labile memories formed during sequence learning and dynamic adaptation were stabilized against interference through time-dependent consolidation processes occurring during wakefulness. Furthermore, we found that sequence learning memory was not disrupted when immediately followed by dynamic adaptation and vice versa, indicating distinct mechanisms for sequence learning and dynamic adaptation consolidation. Finally, by applying patterned transcranial magnetic stimulation to selectively disrupt the activity in the primary motor (M1) or sensory (S1) cortices immediately after sequence learning or dynamic adaptation, we found that sequence learning consolidation depended on M1 but not S1, while dynamic adaptation consolidation relied on S1 but not M1. For the first time in a single experimental framework, this study revealed distinct neural underpinnings for sequence learning and dynamic adaptation consolidation during wakefulness, with significant implications for motor skill enhancement and rehabilitation.
Neural response properties predict perceived contents and locations elicited by intracranial electrical stimulation of human auditory cortex
Authors: Wang Qian , Luo Lu , Xu Na , Wang Jing , Yang Ruolin , Chen Guanpeng , Ren Jie , Luan Guoming , Fang Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Intracranial electrical stimulation (iES) of auditory cortex can elicit sound experiences with a variety of perceived contents (hallucination or illusion) and locations (contralateral or bilateral side), independent of actual acoustic inputs. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this elicitation heterogeneity remain undiscovered. Here, we collected subjective reports following iES at 3062 intracranial sites in 28 patients (both sexes) and identified 113 auditory cortical sites with iES-elicited sound experiences. We then decomposed the sound-induced intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) signals recorded from all 113 sites into time-frequency features. We found that the iES-elicited perceived contents can be predicted by the early high-γ features extracted from sound-induced iEEG. In contrast, the perceived locations elicited by stimulating hallucination sites and illusion sites are determined by the late high-γ and long-lasting α features, respectively. Our study unveils the crucial neural signatures of iES-elicited sound experiences in human and presents a new strategy to hearing restoration for individuals suffering from deafness.
Representation of event and object concepts in ventral anterior temporal lobe and angular gyrus
Authors: Zhang Yueyang , Wu Wei , Mirman Daniel , Hoffman Paul 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Semantic knowledge includes understanding of objects and their features and also understanding of the characteristics of events. The hub-and-spoke theory holds that these conceptual representations rely on multiple information sources that are integrated in a central hub in the ventral anterior temporal lobes. The dual-hub theory expands this framework with the claim that the ventral anterior temporal lobe hub is specialized for object representation, while a second hub in angular gyrus is specialized for event representation. To test these ideas, we used representational similarity analysis, univariate and psychophysiological interaction analyses of fMRI data collected while participants processed object and event concepts (e.g. “an apple,” “a wedding”) presented as images and written words. Representational similarity analysis showed that angular gyrus encoded event concept similarity more than object similarity, although the left angular gyrus also encoded object similarity. Bilateral ventral anterior temporal lobes encoded both object and event concept structure, and left ventral anterior temporal lobe exhibited stronger coding for events. Psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed greater connectivity between left ventral anterior temporal lobe and right pMTG, and between right angular gyrus and bilateral ITG and middle occipital gyrus, for event concepts compared to object concepts. These findings support the specialization of angular gyrus for event semantics, though with some involvement in object coding, but do not support ventral anterior temporal lobe specialization for object concepts.
GABAergic inhibition shapes behavior and neural dynamics in human visual working memory
Authors: Kujala Jan , Ciumas Carolina , Jung Julien , Bouvard Sandrine , Lecaignard Françoise , Lothe Amélie , Bouet Romain , Ryvlin Philippe , Jerbi Karim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Neuronal inhibition, primarily mediated by GABAergic neurotransmission, is crucial for brain development and healthy cognition. Gamma-aminobutyric acid concentration levels in sensory areas have been shown to correlate with hemodynamic and oscillatory neuronal responses. How these measures relate to one another during working memory, a higher-order cognitive process, is still poorly understood. We address this gap by collecting magnetoencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and Flumazenil positron emission tomography data within the same subject cohort using an n-back working-memory paradigm. By probing the relationship between GABAA receptor distribution, neural oscillations, and Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) modulations, we found that GABAA receptor density in higher-order cortical areas predicted the reaction times on the working-memory task and correlated positively with the peak frequency of gamma power modulations and negatively with BOLD amplitude. These findings support and extend theories linking gamma oscillations and hemodynamic responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid neurotransmission and to the excitation-inhibition balance and cognitive performance in humans. Considering the small sample size of the study, future studies should test whether these findings also hold for other, larger cohorts as well as to examine in detail how the GABAergic system and neural fluctuations jointly support working-memory task performance.
Single dominant right coronary artery with hypoplastic left coronary branch: a rare congenital anomaly: a case report
Authors: Hamidani Fadhel , Berisha Blerim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
A right single coronary artery (SCA) and hypoplastic coronary disease represent a rare coronary artery anomaly, which is associated with sudden cardiac death. The clinical manifestations of these anomalies depend on the distribution of collateral vessels.

Case summary
A 55-year-old female presented with dyspnoea, mild chest pain during physical activity, and palpitations. Selective coronary angiography revealed a prominent SCA originating from the right coronary sinus. Approximately 2 mm from the ostium, this artery branched into two: a dominant right coronary artery (RCA) and a smaller artery for the anterior wall perfusion. The dominant RCA then moved posteriorly, bifurcating into a posterior descending artery and a posterolateral artery. The latter occupied the expected location of the left circumflex artery and supplied the majority of the coronary circulation, including the left ventricle. Notably, there were no significant atherosclerotic calcifications or stenoses observed.

Discussion
We describe a unique case of a SCA that doesn’t conform to any category within the modified Lipton’s classification. Symptoms are speculated to arise from the compression of the SCA between the aorta and pulmonary artery during physical exertion. Additionally, hypoperfusion from the hypoplastic left coronary branch in the anterior wall warrants consideration. It’s paramount to meticulously evaluate the risk of sudden cardiac death when treating patients with a SCA. For high-risk patients, coronary artery bypass grafting should be contemplated.
For our patient, given the clinical context, pharmacological treatment optimization was chosen.