bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resource recovery from acid mine drainage in membrane distillation crystallization
Authors: Chimanlal Indira , Nthunya Lebea N. , Quist-Jensen Cejna , Richards Heidi 
Published: October 2023

Acid mine drainage (AMD) remains a global threat with no exception to South African water bodies and the environment. It promotes environmental challenges with emerging concerns on water security and drinking water pollution. This study evaluated membrane distillation crystallization (MDC) towards resource recovery from AMD. To ensure high process performance, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes evaluated in the current study were modified using hydrophobic nanoparticle additives and compared with PTFE-20 reference membrane. The produced permeate flux of PTFE-20 reference membranes and M4 (fSiO2NPs-modified membrane) were 2.426 kg m-2·h-1 and 1.459 kg m-2·h-1, respectively. Similarly, salt rejections were 99.96% and 97.52%, respectively. Based on single crystal x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis, MDC predominantly produced monoclinic gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) with the C2/c space group. Also, crystal properties obtained in fSiO2NPs-modified and PTFE-20 reference membranes were comparable. Though a considerable amount of gypsum was obtained, membrane surfaces were characterized by traces of salt deposit, with possible membrane scaling leading to performance deterioration. The permeate conductivity increased rapidly at the highest water recovery factor, indicating membrane wetting caused by scaling.
Ultrafast Pump–Probe Spectroscopy in Organic Dirac Electron Candidate α-(BETS)2I3
Authors: Tsuchiya Satoshi , Katsumi Masato , Oka Ryuhei , Naito Toshio , Toda Yasunori 
Published: October 2023

Photo-induced carrier dynamics were measured in the organic Dirac electron candidate α-(BETS)2I3 to investigate why resistivity increases below TMI = 50 K. We found a change in carrier dynamics due to an insulating gap formation below T′ = 50 K. On the other hand, the relaxation time and polarization anisotropy of the observed dynamics differ from those in the charge-ordering (CO) state of the isostructural salt α-(ET)2I3. Based on the difference, it can be concluded that the insulating phase has a different origin than the CO state.
Diversity Phenomenon of the Danaceinae Malachite Beetle Subfamily (Coleoptera: Dasytidae) in Eocene Baltic Amber with a New Description of an Extinct Genus and Species
Authors: Tshernyshev Sergei E. , Lyubarsky Georgy Yu. , Alekseev Vitalii , Bukejs Andris 
Published: October 2023

A new malachite beetle, Baltamauroania mirabilicornis gen. et sp. nov., belonging to the tribe Amauroniodini (Coleoptera: Dasytidae) embedded in Eocene Baltic amber is described and illustrated. The new genus differs from the congeners of the tribe Amauroniodini in possessing a black, elongated, and subparallel body and a pronotum with scalloped lateral sides; long and 11-segmented antennae, with three apical antennomeres enlarged and forming a ‘club’ shape, with cylindrical antennomere 1; tarsi shortened and compressed, 5-segmented, with tarsomeres 1 and 2 equal in length, and tarsomere 5 the longest in all legs; pubescence of the dorsal surface consisting of short strong brown semi-erect and fine adpressed setae; punctation of dorsal surface irregular, elytra lacking grooves; pronotum almost equilateral, slightly elongated, with acute anterior and obtuse posterior angles, with wide margination of basal side and with scalloped and finely margined lateral sides; lateral edges of pronotum weakly rounded, with obtuse protuberance before middle. This is the second extinct genus and third record of the subfamily Danaceinae found in Eocene amber. The fossil records of the family Dasytidae are discussed. Three recent records of different Amauroniodini taxa from Eocene East European amber (Baltic and Rovno) show there to have been a high Danaceinae biodiversity in both the southern coast of the Subparatethys (documented by Rovno amber) and in its northern coast (documented by Baltic amber). The phenomenon of Danaceinae diversity in the Eocene Epoch is discussed.
A Novel Technique of Extracting UCN Decay Lifetime from Storage Chamber Measurements Dominated by Scattering Losses
Authors: Mohanmurthy Prajwal , Formaggio Joseph , Salvat Daniel J. , Winger Jeff A. 
Published: October 2023

The neutron’s lifetime is a critical parameter in the standard model. Its measurements, particularly measurements using both beamline and ultracold neutron storage techniques, have revealed significant tension. In this work, we review the status of the tension between various measurements, especially in light of the insights provided by the β-decay correlation measurements. We revisit the lifetime measurement in a material storage chamber, dominated by losses from scattering off the walls of the storage chamber. The neutron energy spectra and associated uncertainties were, for the first time, well-characterized using storage data alone. Such models have applications in the extraction of the mean time between wall bounces, which is a key parameter for neutron storage disappearance experiments in search of neutron oscillation. A comparison between the loss model and the number of neutrons stored in a single chamber allowed us to extract a neutron lifetime of τn*=880(+158/−78)stat.(+230/−114)sys.s (68.3% C.I.). Though the uncertainty of this lifetime is not competitive with currently available measurements, the highlight of this work is that we precisely identified the systematic sources of uncertainty that contribute to the neutron lifetime measurements in material storage bottles, namely from the uncertainty in the energy spectra, as well as from the storage chamber surface parameters of the Fermi potential and loss per bounce. In doing so, we highlight the underestimation of the uncertainties in the previous Monte Carlo simulations of experiments using the technique of ultracold neutron storage in material bottles.
Learning Organization: Profile and Influence on Leadership Attitudes of Members of the Chemistry Education Department Student Association
Authors: Bahriah Evi Sapinatul , Anugrah Andi , Astuti Irnin Agustina Dwi , Sukardjo Mochammad , Japar Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Student organizations as learning organizations are a place for students to learn and develop themselves to broaden their horizons and increase knowledge, and students' personal integrity. The Chemistry Education Department Student Association is a learning organization that can improve leadership attitudes and character. However, only a few students want to be involved in this organization. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find out the profile of learning organization in internal campus student organizations, especially the Chemistry Education and its influence on student leadership attitudes. The research method used is survey method. This research was conducted from 15 September to 10 November 2022 at the Department of Chemistry Education. The sample of this research was 50 students who were members of the Chemistry Education. The data collection technique uses an online questionnaire instrument (google form). The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive quantitative. Based on the research data it can be concluded that: 1) the profile of learning organization in internal campus student organizations is included in the very good category with an average score percentage of 82.9%; 2) the leadership attitude of HMPS member students is included in the good category with an average percentage score of 78.6%; and 3) there is a positive relationship between learning organization and student leadership attitudes. So it can be concluded that HMPS as a learning organization can influence student leadership attitudes.
THE ADDITION VARIOUS LEVELS OF FRESH MAGGOT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND PHYSICAL QUALITY OF DUCK EGGS
Authors: Hidayatullah Syarif , Sunu Prayogi , Wulandari Eudia Christina 
Published: October 2023

Salah satu lahan usaha yang banyak digeluti oleh masyarakat adalahpeternakan, selain itu dilihat dari hasil usaha peternakan yang mudah untuk dipasarkan dan sangat menjadi kebutuhan harian masyarakat adalah telur. Produksi dan kualitas telur merupakan indikator nilai ekonomi dari usaha peternakan unggas. Produksi dan kualitas telur itik penting dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahuai kemampuan genetik itik dan upaya penyediaan bahan pangan asal ternak yang berkualitas sangat baik. Tujian dilakukannya penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahuai pengaruh penggunaan maggot terhadap perubahan kualitas telur itik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkat (RAL) yang dimana menggunakan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, setiap perlakuan diisi 3 itik. Dalam ransum pakan penelitian ini menggunakan ransum maggot BSF dengan pemberian berbeda dalam setiap level perlakuan (P0 : 100% pakan jadi, P1 : 5% maggot segar + 100% pakan jadi, P2 : 10% maggot segar + 100% pakan jadi, P3 : 15% maggot segar + 100% pakan jadi) penelitian ini dilakukan selama 40 hari dan 10 hari pertama adalah masa adaptasi ternak dengan perlakuan pemberian pakan secara ad libitum. Dalam penganbilan data penelitian dilakukan pada hari 38,39 dan 40 disetiap perlakuan dan ulangan.
Dari hasil penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa belum ada perubahan yang singnifikan pada setiap parameter penelitian (P>0,5), akantetapi kualitas produksi telur harian dan kualitas telur terbilang sangat baik dan lebih tinggi dari penelitian sebelumnya.
Ultrasound-Guided Clavipectoral Fascial Plane Block for Clavicle Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Yadav Archana , Prasad Sharma Ram , Thapa Magar Kiran , Dhoj Joshi Abinash 
Published: October 2023

The clavicle is a frequently fractured bone. Regional anesthesia for clavicle surgeries is always challenging due to its complex innervation arising from the two plexuses (cervical and brachial). The clavipectoral fascial plane block (CPB) is a novel, procedure-specific, phrenic-sparing, and motor-sparing RA technique that can provide anesthesia or analgesia for clavicle surgeries. The clavipectoral fascial plane block was introduced by Dr. Luis Valdes in a symposium at the 2017 European Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Therapy Congress. We performed an ultrasound-guided Clavipectoral plane block (CPB) with intravenous sedation provided in a 48-year-old male patient with a right mid-shaft clavicle fracture with COPD. This in-plane technique was used to deposit 30 ml of a local anesthesia mixture between the clavipectoral fascia and periosteum on both the medial and lateral sides of the fracture line.
Post Operative Management in Intensive Care of Obstructive Jaundice caused by Choledocholithiasis: A Case Report
Authors: Kahar Liliriawati Ananta , Wiwi Monika Sari  
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Gallstones are a very common problem in the global population. 10%-25% of affected people may have specific symptoms, and 1%-2% of them may experience major complications.
Case presentation: 83-year-old female patient complained of yellow in her eyes and skin. Patients also felt pain in the right upper abdomen. Laboratory examination revealed increased bilirubin serum. Abdominal Ultrasound examination showed Obstruction of the Bilier Ductus caused by a stone at ductus sisticus and sludge of the gallbladder. The patient was diagnosed with Jaundice obstruction caused by obstruction of the bile ducts due to a stone at the ductus sisticus with a history of nephrectomy, Hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. The patient underwent Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, ERCP, and stent biller, After the procedure, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit.
Conclusion: Understanding the patient's comprehensive medical and surgical history is fundamental in understanding the postoperative patient in the intensive care unit. Adequate resuscitation is necessary for good clinical perfusion and physiological stability of the patient.
Eurasian clinical guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in childhood and adolescence (2023)
Authors: Kislyak O. A. , Leontyeva I. V. , Starodubova A. V. , Alersandrov A. A. , Bubnova M. G. , Varaeva Yu. R. , Kamalova A. A. , Kozlova L. V. , Pavlovskaya E. V. , Polunina D. A. , Revyakina V. A. , Rozanov V. B. , Sadykova D. I. , Slastnikova E. S. , Strokova T. V. , Ushakova S. A. 
Published: October 2023

The EAC Guidelines represent the views of the EAC, and were produced after careful consideration of the scientific and medical knowledge, and the evidence available at the time of their publication.
On the α/Fe Bimodality of the M31 Disks
Authors: Kobayashi Chiaki , Bhattacharya Souradeep , Arnaboldi Magda , Gerhard Ortwin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An outstanding question is whether the α/Fe bimodality exists in disk galaxies other than in the Milky Way. Here we present a bimodality using our state-of-the-art galactic chemical evolution models that can explain various observations in the Andromeda galaxy (M31) disks, namely, elemental abundances both of planetary nebulae and of red giant branch stars recently observed with the James Webb Space Telescope. We find that in M31 a high-α thicker-disk population out to 30 kpc formed by a more intense initial starburst than that in the Milky Way. We also find a young low-α thin disk within 14 kpc, which is formed by a secondary star formation M31 underwent about 2–4.5 Gyr ago, probably triggered by a wet merger. In the outer disk, however, the planetary nebula observations indicate a slightly higher-α young (∼2.5 Gyr) population at a given metallicity, possibly formed by secondary star formation from almost pristine gas. Therefore, an α/Fe bimodality is seen in the inner disk (≲14 kpc), while only a slight α/Fe offset of the young population is seen in the outer disk (≳18 kpc). The appearance of the α/Fe bimodality depends on the merging history at various galactocentric radii, and wide-field multiobject spectroscopy is required for unveiling the history of M31.
Metallicity and Spectral Evolution of WASP 39b: The Limited Role of Hydrodynamic Escape
Authors: Louca Amy J. , Miguel Yamila , Kubyshkina Daria 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The recent observations on WASP-39 b by JWST have revealed hints of high metallicity within the atmosphere compared to its host star. There are various theories on how these high metallic atmospheres emerge. In this study, we closely investigate the impact of extreme escape in the form of hydrodynamic escape to see its impact on atmospheric metallicity and spectral features such as CH4, CO2 and SO2. We perform a grid simulation, with an adapted version of MESA that includes hydrodynamic escape to fully evolve planets with similar masses and radii to the currently observed WASP-39 b estimates. By making use of (photo)chemical kinetics and radiative transfer codes, we evaluate the transmission spectra at various time intervals throughout the simulation. Our results indicate that the massive size of WASP-39 b limits the metal enhancement to a maximum of ∼1.23× the initial metallicity. When incorporating metal drag, this enhancement factor is repressed to an even greater degree, resulting in an enrichment of at most ∼0.4%. As a consequence, when assuming an initial solar metallicity, metal-enriched spectral features like SO2 are still missing after ∼9 Gyr into the simulation. This paper, thus, demonstrates that hydrodynamic escape cannot be the primary process behind the high metallicity observed in the atmosphere of WASP-39 b, suggesting instead that a metal-enhanced atmosphere was established during its formation.
GRB 221009A: Revealing a Hidden Afterglow during the Prompt Emission Phase with Fermi-GBM Observations
Authors: Zhang Hai-Ming , Huang Yi-Yun , Liu Ruo-Yu , Wang Xiang-Yu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recently, LHAASO reported the detection of the brightest-of-all-time GRB 221009A, revealing the early onset of a TeV afterglow. We analyze the spectral evolution of the X-ray/gamma-ray emission of GRB 221009A measured by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) during the dips of two prompt emission pulses (i.e., intervals T
0 + [300–328] s and T
0 + [338–378] s, where T
0 is the GBM trigger time). We find that the spectra at the dips transit from the Band function to a power-law function, indicating a transition from the prompt emission to the afterglow. After ∼T
0 + 660 s, the spectrum is well described by a power-law function, and the afterglow becomes dominant. Remarkably, the underlying afterglow emission at the dips smoothly connect with the afterglow after ∼T
0 + 660 s. The entire afterglow emission measured by GBM can be fitted by a power-law function F ∼ t
−0.95±0.05, where t is the time since the first main pulse at T* = T
0 + 226 s, consistent with the TeV afterglow decay measured by LHAASO. The start time of this power-law decay indicates that the afterglow peak of GRB 221009A should be earlier than T
0 + 300 s. We also test the possible presence of a jet break in the early afterglow light curve, finding that both the jet break model and single power-law decay model are consistent with the GBM data. The two models cannot be distinguished with the GBM data alone because the inferred jet break time is quite close to the end of the GBM observations.
Ticks and crosses in primary mathematics assessments: What purpose do they serve?
Authors: Chihodzi Brian , Mwakapenda Willy , Ngulube Beatrice 
Published: October 2023

Ticks and crosses (TCs) are a common aspect of teachers’ classroom practice in relation to assessment in many learning areas including mathematics. Putting TCs in learners’ written work is a strategy of feedback. Even though these TCs are frequently used in different types of mathematics assessments, there is limited research in relation to what they actually stand for and what functions they are designed for and especially what purpose they eventually serve in practice. This article emerged from a broader study that aimed at exploring classroom formative assessment practices of Grades 4–6 mathematics teachers, a learning goals and documentary analysis. Since this study was qualitative in nature, we used qualitative, non-probability sampling to recruit respondents according to pre-selected criteria relevant to our research questions. The study participants were 43 qualified and experienced Intermediate Phase mathematics teachers and 95 Grades 4–6 learners from the Tshwane South district, where a phenomenon of low achievement was of great concern. We engaged in document analysis of all the 95 learners’ mathematics workbooks. Questionnaires were administered to the 43 teachers. We report on an analysis of teachers’ assessment practices of Grades 4–6 learners’ mathematics work. We narrate the extent of the use of TCs among teachers from selected schools in Tshwane South district in Gauteng, South Africa. Our analysis shows that while there is prevalent use of TCs among teachers, there are critical gaps in relation to knowledge of TCs in assessing mathematics. We present a qualitative and quantitative data analysis to illustrate how these were used in connection with assessment of learners’ mathematics work linked to the concepts of numerical, geometric, and graphical relationships. We use our analysis of the vignettes to explore and argue that teachers use TCs without adequate understanding of what these actually mean in relation to assessment broadly and assessment intended at collecting and clarifying goals for mathematical learning specifically. Despite teachers having mathematical qualifications and a repertoire of experience for teaching, the majority of teachers grappled with understanding mathematical concepts as evidence in how they marked learners’ mathematics work. The study also found that teachers’ understandings of assessment of mathematics were diverse and largely inconsistent with the formal definitions of mathematics.Contribution: This study indicated that there are critical gaps in relation to knowledge of TCs in assessing mathematics. A clear-cut marking policy will guide teachers to provide effective marking using TCs.
Antidiabetic drug profile of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hasmono Didik , Samirah Samirah , Gayatri Ni Putu Ayu Deviana , Ni’mawati Naning , Jaya Halim Prihayau , Triono Erwin Astha 
Published: October 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor that can increase the severity and mortality of patients with COVID-19 infection. The use of antidiabetic drugs for diabetes mellitus patients with COVID-19 infection is very important to reduce these impacts.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the antidiabetic drug profiles of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus.
Method: This study was an analytic cross-sectional electronic medical record data of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and comorbid Diabetes Mellitus. It was carried out from May until December 2020.
Result: A total of 106 patients were involved and different types of antidiabetic drugs were used i.e., glimepiride in 32 patients (31.13%), metformin in 18 patients (16.98%), combination of long-acting and rapid-acting insulin in 20 patients (18.87%), and combination of metformin and glimepiride in 18 patients (16.98%).
Conclusion: The most commonly prescribed single antidiabetic therapy in patients with COVID-19 and comorbid diabetes mellitus was glimepiride, followed by glimepiride and metformin. The most common insulin therapy combination was long-acting and rapid-acting insulin.
Effect of fondaparinux anticoagulants on D-dimer levels in Covid-19 patients
Authors: Putra Bella Donna Perdana , A.N.T Pratiwi Asih , Suprapti Budi , Arina Dery P , Sundari Mulya 
Published: October 2023

Background: Anticoagulants can prevent thromboembolic activities, improve prognosis, and reduce the mortality rate in Covid-19 patients with coagulopathy.
Objective: To analyse the effect of Fondaparinux in decreasing D-dimer levels, and to determine the correlation between patient characteristics, disease severity, and D-dimer levels.
Methods: This is a single-centre retrospective cohort study using the medical records of Covid-19 in-patients who were ≥ 17 years old, on Fondaparinux 2.5 mg OD and had D-dimer measurement pre-and post-five days-Fondaparinux therapy during hospitalisation at referral general hospital in Bengkulu, Indonesia between April 2020 and December 2021. The data were assessed to evaluate the differences in the pre-post D-dimer levels, the relationship between patient characteristics and disease severity, and the relationship between disease severity and D-dimer levels.
Results: A total of thirty-six patients were included in this study, of which 52.78% were males and 44.44% were aged 46-55 years old. Furthermore, 88.89% had comorbidity, and 55.55% had moderate severity. There was a significant decrease in D-dimer levels in all disease severity (p < 0.05). Patient characteristics and disease severity were not associated with D-dimer depletion (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Fondaparinux reduced the D-dimer levels in all severity of Covid-19 patients.