bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced atmospheric water harvesting efficiency through green-synthesized MOF-801: a comparative study with solvothermal synthesis
Authors: Aghajani Hashjin Mohammad , Zarshad Shadi , Motejadded Emrooz Hosein Banna , Sadeghzadeh Sadegh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAdsorption-based atmospheric water harvesting has emerged as a compelling solution in response to growing global water demand. In this context, Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered considerable interest due to their unique structure and intrinsic porosity. Here, MOF 801 was synthesized using two different methods: solvothermal and green room temperature synthesis. Comprehensive characterization indicated the formation of MOF-801 with high phase purity, small crystallite size, and excellent thermal stability. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption analysis revealed that green-synthesized MOF-801 possessed an 89% higher specific surface area than its solvothermal-synthesized counterpart. Both adsorbents required activation at a minimum temperature of 90 °C for optimal adsorption performance. Additionally, green-synthesized MOF-801 demonstrated superior adsorption performance compared to solvothermal-synthesized MOF-801, attributed to its small crystal size (around 66 nm), more hydrophilic functional groups, greater specific surface area (691.05 m2/g), and the possibility of having a higher quantity of defects. The maximum water adsorption capacity in green-synthesized MOF-801 was observed at 25 °C and 80% relative humidity, with a value of 41.1 g/100 g, a 12% improvement over the solvothermal-synthesized MOF-801. Remarkably, even at a 30% humidity level, green-synthesized MOF-801 displayed a considerable adsorption capacity of 31.5 g/100 g. Importantly, MOF-801 exhibited long-term effectiveness in multiple adsorption cycles without substantial efficiency decline.
Cryo-EM elucidates the uroplakin complex structure within liquid-crystalline lipids in the porcine urothelial membrane
Authors: Yanagisawa Haruaki , Kita Yoshihiro , Oda Toshiyuki , Kikkawa Masahide 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe urothelium, a distinct epithelial tissue lining the urinary tract, serves as an essential component in preserving urinary tract integrity and thwarting infections. The asymmetric unit membrane (AUM), primarily composed of the uroplakin complex, constitutes a critical permeability barrier in fulfilling this role. However, the molecular architectures of both the AUM and the uroplakin complex have remained enigmatic due to the paucity of high-resolution structural data. In this study, we utilized cryo-electron microscopy to elucidate the three-dimensional structure of the uroplakin complex within the porcine AUM. While the global resolution achieved was 3.5 Å, we acknowledge that due to orientation bias, the resolution in the vertical direction was determined to be 6.3 Å. Our findings unveiled that the uroplakin complexes are situated within hexagonally arranged crystalline lipid membrane domains, rich in hexosylceramides. Moreover, our research rectifies a misconception in a previous model by confirming the existence of a domain initially believed to be absent, and pinpointing the accurate location of a crucial Escherichia coli binding site implicated in urinary tract infections. These discoveries offer valuable insights into the molecular underpinnings governing the permeability barrier function of the urothelium and the orchestrated lipid phase formation within the plasma membrane.
A geospatial analysis of accessibility and availability to implement the primary healthcare roadmap in Ethiopia
Authors: Hierink Fleur , Oladeji Olusola , Robins Ann , Muñiz Maria F. , Ayalew Yejimmawerk , Ray Nicolas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary healthcare (PHC) is a crucial strategy for achieving universal health coverage. Ethiopia is working to improve its primary healthcare system through the Optimization of Health Extension Program (OHEP), which aims to increase accessibility, availability and performance of health professionals and services. Measuring current accessibility of healthcare facilities and workforce availability is essential for the success of the OHEP and achieving universal health coverage in the country.

Methods
In this study we use an innovative mixed geospatial approach to assess the accessibility and availability of health professionals and services to provide evidence-based recommendations for the implementation of the OHEP. We examined travel times to health facilities, referral times between health posts and health centers, geographical coverage, and the availability and density of health workers relative to the population.

Results
Our findings show that the accessibility and availability of health services in Somali region of Ethiopia is generally low, with 65% of the population being unable to reach a health center or a health post within 1 h walking and referral times exceeding 4 h walking on average. The density of the health workforce is low across Somali region, with no health center being adequately staffed as per national guidelines.

Conclusions
Improving accessibility and addressing healthcare worker scarcity are challenges for implementing the primary care roadmap in Ethiopia. Upgrading health posts and centers, providing comprehensive services, and training healthcare workers are crucial. Effective outreach strategies are also needed to bridge the gap and improve accessibility and availability.
Volumetric computed tomography with carbon nanotube X-ray source array for improved image quality and accuracy
Authors: Xu Shuang , Hu Yuanming , Li Boyuan , Inscoe Christina R. , Tyndall Donald A. , Lee Yueh Z. , Lu Jianping , Zhou Otto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in medical and dental imaging. Compared to a multidetector CT, it provides volumetric images with high isotropic resolution at a reduced radiation dose, cost and footprint without the need for patient translation. The current CBCT has several intrinsic limitations including reduced soft tissue contrast, inaccurate quantification of X-ray attenuation, image distortions and artefacts, which have limited its clinical applications primarily to imaging hard tissues and made quantitative analysis challenging. Here we report a multisource CBCT (ms-CBCT) which overcomes the shortcomings of the conventional CBCT by using multiple narrowly collimated and rapidly scanning X-ray beams from a carbon nanotube field emission source array. Phantom imaging studies show that, the ms-CBCT increases the accuracy of the Hounsfield unit values by 60%, eliminates the cone beam artefacts, extends the axial coverage, and improves the soft tissue contrast-to-noise ratio by 30–50%, compared to the CBCT configuration.
BAlGaN light‐emitting diode emitting at 350 nm
Authors: Milner Peter , Zubialevich Vitaly Z. , O'Connor Thomas , Singh Sandeep M. , Singh Davinder , Corbett Brian , Parbrook Peter J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this work, the authors report the first demonstration of an ultraviolet light‐emitting diode (LED) with boron‐containing quantum wells (QWs). Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements revealed a B concentration of 1% in the first QW with an increase in subsequent QWs and lingering decay into the p‐region, likely attributable to boron's surfactant nature. Electroluminescence emission from the BAlGaN LED was observed at 350 nm, with higher intensity compared to the AlGaN reference LED at low currents. A higher operating voltage compared to the reference LED was also observed which may be attributable to a nanomasking behaviour of boron in (Al)GaN alloys.
The young massive SMC cluster NGC 330 seen by MUSE
Authors: Bodensteiner J. , Sana H. , Dufton P. L. , Wang C. , Langer N. , Banyard G. , Mahy L. , de Koter A. , de Mink S. E. , Evans C. J. , Götberg Y. , Hénault-Brunet V. , Patrick L. R. , Schneider F. R. N. 
Published: October 2023

Context. The origin of the initial rotation rates of stars, and how a star’s surface rotational velocity changes during the evolution, either by internal angular momentum transport or due to interactions with a binary companion, remain open questions in stellar astrophysics.
Aims. Here, we aim to derive the physical parameters and study the distribution of (projected) rotational velocities of B-type stars in the ∼35 Myr-old, massive cluster NGC 330 in the Small Magellanic Cloud. NGC 330 is in an age range where the number of post-interaction binaries is predicted to be high near the cluster turnoff (TO).
Methods. We developed a simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic grid-fitting method adjusting atmosphere models on multiband Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry and Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) spectroscopy. This allowed us to homogeneously constrain the physical parameters of over 250 B and Be stars (i.e., B-type stars with emission lines), brighter than mF814W = 18.8 mag.
Results. The rotational velocities of Be stars in NGC 330 are significantly higher than the ones of B-type stars. The rotational velocities vary as a function of the star’s position in the color-magnitude diagram, qualitatively following predictions of binary population synthesis. A comparison to younger clusters shows that stars in NGC 330 rotate more rapidly on average.
Conclusions. The rotational velocities of the ∼35 Myr old population in NGC 330 quantitatively agree with predictions for a stellar population that underwent significant binary interactions: the majority of the B-type stars could be single stars or primaries in pre-interaction binaries. The rapidly spinning Be stars could be mass and angular momentum gainers in previous interactions, while those Be stars close to the TO may be spun-up single stars. The slowly rotating, apparently single stars above the TO could be merger products. The different v sin i characteristics of NGC 330 compared to younger populations can be understood in this framework.
Navigationale Gesundheitskompetenz der Bevölkerung in
Deutschland
Authors: Schaeffer Doris , Griese Lennert , Klinger Julia 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Viele Gesundheitssysteme zeichnen sich durch hohe Komplexität
und Unübersichtlichkeit aus. Sich in ihnen zu orientieren und an die
richtige Stelle zu gelangen, erfordert hohe Navigationale Gesundheitskompetenz
(NGK). Darunter wird die Fähigkeit verstanden, sich durch das
Gesundheitssystem manövrieren und mit dazu erforderlichen Informationen
umgehen zu können. Bislang fehlt es an Daten zur NGK der
Bevölkerung. Ziel des Artikels ist es deshalb, empirisch zu analysieren,
wie sich die NGK in Deutschland darstellt und mit welchen soziodemografischen
und -ökonomischen Faktoren sie assoziiert ist.
Methode Die NGK wurde mit einem neuen, international entwickelten
Instrument (HLS19-NAV) erhoben, das die selbsteingeschätzten
Schwierigkeiten bei 12 navigationsbezogenen Informationsaufgaben misst. Es wurde
bereits in 8 Ländern eingesetzt, darunter auch Deutschland. Hier wurden
in einer repräsentativen Querschnittsstudie Daten von 2.151 Personen der
erwachsenen Wohnbevölkerung zur NGK erhoben. Der Zusammenhang zwischen
soziodemografischen und -ökonomischen Faktoren und der NGK wurde mittels
Varianz- sowie multivariater linearer Regressionsanalyse geprüft.
Ergebnisse Rund 80% der Befragten verfügen über
eine geringe NGK; im Mittel liegt der NGK-Score bei 41,5 von 100
möglichen Punkten. Menschen mit geringen sozioökonomischen
Ressourcen, im hohen Lebensalter, Menschen, die selbst nach Deutschland migriert
oder durch gesundheitliche Probleme eingeschränkt sind, weisen eine
besonders geringe NGK auf. Doch auch Personen mit guter Ressourcenausstattung
haben eine relativ geringe NGK. Bei Gesundheitsfachpersonen fällt die
NGK deutlich höher aus.
Schlussfolgerung Zwar wurden in den letzten Jahren etliche
Bemühungen unternommen, um bestehende Navigationsschwierigkeiten zu
mildern und Patient:innen besser durch das deutsche Gesundheitssystem zu leiten.
Den Studienergebnissen zufolge besteht im Bereich der NGK jedoch weiterhin hoher
Handlungsbedarf. Erforderlich sind vor allem Strukturmaßnahmen: Dazu
gehört die Schaffung ausreichender verlässlicher Informationen
über das Gesundheitssystem und seine Organisationen, ebenso die
Etablierung von Navigationshilfen und Versorgungspfaden und die Realisierung
eines gesundheitskompetenten Gesundheitssystems mit Organisationen und
Gesundheitsprofessionen, die zur Verbesserung der NGK beitragen.
Has excess epidemic prevention changed Chinese students’ willingness to study abroad: three rounds of the same volume survey based on the new “push–pull” theory
Authors: Lin Songyue , Liu Jin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAfter the outbreak of COVID-19, unlike other countries in the world, China has always taken strict prevention and control measures, and even formed a trend of excessive epidemic prevention. Influenced by traditional culture, Chinese students’ willingness to study abroad has been greatly reduced, but long-term strict prevention will also lead to the public weariness of the epidemic. Therefore, our research group has formed a new “push–pull” theoretical analysis framework, carried out three rounds of the same volume investigation in the early (2020), middle (2021), and late (2022) stages of the epidemic, and 12,248 students from more than 270 universities in mainland China were investigated. Through tracking and investigating the changes in the willingness of Chinese students to study abroad at different stages of the epidemic, this study fills the gap in existing research that has not yet conducted a dynamic survey on the willingness of Chinese students to study abroad because of the epidemic. The results show that COVID-19 profoundly reversed the four influencing factors: study abroad pull, study abroad push, domestic pull, and domestic push. The epidemic and related factors have become new components of push–pull factors influencing Chinese students studying abroad. Under the government’s guidance of strict epidemic prevention measures, COVID-19 has dramatically reduced the willingness of Chinese students to study abroad, and effectively changed the preference for their studying destinations, which is related to national political ideology. However, under the excessive epidemic prevention, Chinese college students’ willingness to study abroad rebounded as the public’s acceptance of the epidemic increased in the latest period. This study has added new factors to the push–pull theory, providing inspiration for the advancement of the push–pull theory with the times. It also provides deeper thinking on the new pattern of talent mobility faced by different countries.
Solving time-fractional diffusion equations with a singular source term
Authors: Kian Yavar , Soccorsi Éric 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article deals with linear time-fractional diffusion equations with time-dependent singular source term. Whether the order of the time-fractional derivative is multi-term, distributed or space-dependent, we prove that the system admits a unique weak solution enjoying a Duhamel representation, provided that the time-dependence of the source term is a distribution. As an application, the square integrable space-dependent part and the distributional time-dependent part of the source term of a multi-term time-fractional diffusion equation are simultaneously recovered by partial internal observation of the solution.
Parity-time symmetry-enhanced simultaneous magnon and photon blockade in cavity magnonic system
Authors: Sadat Ebrahimi Mehri , Bagheri Harouni Malek 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, we consider a parity-time (

P

T

) symmetric cavity magnonic system involving the magnon–photon interaction with small magnon Kerr nonlinearity. Moreover, we investigate the effect of

P

T

-symmetry phase on both the magnon and photon blockade. We show that the

P

T

-symmetry phase, which is achievable by properly selecting the system parameters, can relax the large Kerr nonlinearity requirement for magnon blockade. Consequently, simultaneous perfect magnon and photon blockade can be easily obtained even in the presence of a small value of magnon Kerr nonlinearity. The outstanding feature of the selected scheme is the occurrence of simultaneous perfect magnon and photon blockade with only a small value of magnon Kerr nonlinearity. While photon blockade can be easily distinguished experimentally, the experimental realization of magnon statistics and consequently magnon blockade is still a challenge. The prominent feature of the

P

T

-symmetric cavity magnonic system can relax this challenge by following the magnon blockade criteria via the photon statistics.
Non-ideal classical plasma: laser pulse effects and dynamic dipole polarizabilities
Authors: Lumb Talwar Shalini , Lumb Sonia , Sen K D , Prasad Vinod 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The properties of a hydrogen atom inside a non-ideal classical plasma, in terms of its behavior in the presence of an applied laser pulse, are explored. The strength of the pulse is chosen such that it maintains near sphericity of the system. The pulse parameters have a strong bearing on the final state attained by the system after its interaction with the pulse. Dynamic dipole polarizability is calculated and the poles are observed to be red shifted with an increase in non-ideality as well as an increase in plasma temperature. The polarizabilities for frequencies of the field below the frequency corresponding to the first pole are found to be greater for larger values of field frequency, plasma non-ideality and electron plasma temperature.
Magnetic field patterns as a tool for stress estimation in steel samples
Authors: Martínez-Ortiz P , Le Manh Tu , Pérez-Benítez J A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, steel square samples were subjected to varying degrees of compression, resulting in a distribution of simultaneous compressive and tensile stresses within the samples. The tangential component of the surface magnetic flux density was mapped along both the direction of compression and perpendicular to it, using a magnetic sensor, for each level of compression. The results show that the maps of the relative difference of magnetic flux density for different levels of applied stress, with respect to the flux density at zero stress, exhibited a diagonal stripes pattern. This pattern was discovered thanks to the particular surface stress distribution in square samples. The formation of these patterns could be attributed to the re-orientation of magnetic domains due to stress and the magneto-elastic effect, which was confirmed by the change in orientation of the magnetic flux density vectors obtained from the measurement of two of their components. Additionally, the maps showed an increase in contrast between high and low values with an increase in applied stress. Finally, the maps of the module of the gradient of magnetic flux density displayed a distinct diagonal chessboard-like pattern, and the contrast between low and high values increased with an increase in applied stress.
Predicting Gravitational Waves from Jittering-jets-driven Core Collapse Supernovae
Authors: Soker Noam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
I estimate the frequencies of gravitational waves from jittering jets that explode core collapse supernovae (CCSNe) to crudely be 5–30 Hz, and with strains that might allow detection of Galactic CCSNe. The jittering jets explosion mechanism (JJEM) asserts that most CCSNe are exploded by jittering jets that the newly born neutron star (NS) launches within a few seconds. According to the JJEM, instabilities in the accreted gas lead to the formation of intermittent accretion disks that launch the jittering jets. Earlier studies that did not include jets calculated the gravitational frequencies that instabilities around the NS emit to have a peak in the crude frequency range of 100–2000 Hz. Based on a recent study, I take the source of the gravitational waves of jittering jets to be the turbulent bubbles (cocoons) that the jets inflate as they interact with the outer layers of the core of the star at thousands of kilometers from the NS. The lower frequencies and larger strains than those of gravitational waves from instabilities in CCSNe allow future, and maybe present, detectors to identify the gravitational wave signals of jittering jets. Detection of gravitational waves from local CCSNe might distinguish between the neutrino-driven explosion mechanism and the JJEM.
Large-aperture Telescope Tracking Control Based on Time-synchronization Strategy
Authors: Li Yun , Ye Yu , Yang Shi-Hai , Xu Ling-Zhe , Xu Jin , Wang Hai , Deng Zhuang-Zhuang , Liu Rui-Qiang , Gu Xiao-Jie , Gu Bo-Zhong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A time-synchronization strategy for packetized transmission of target position about a large-aperture telescope observation control system has been proposed in this study. Compared with the existing telescope tracking strategy, the target position packing and sending strategy based on the time synchronization method proposed in this paper has the advantages of high stability and reliability. First, the telescope tracking observation control method was elaborated in this paper, including the motion pattern during telescope tracking. Then, the strategy for packetizes transmission of target positions based on time-synchronization is established and lists the detailed steps. Finally, the performance of the tracking strategy is verified using the 2.5 m telescope for the simulated uniform speed star and the blind-tracking fixed star HIP 31216, respectively. The test results show that the accuracy root mean square of the tracking strategy proposed in this paper is less than 0.″02 at 30 minutes, and the performance is much better than the design requirement of 0.″3. The most important advantage of this tracking strategy is that the telescope can guarantee normal tracking for a certain period of time even if the hardware or software of the host computer is abnormal.
Two-species k-body embedded Gaussian unitary ensembles: q-normal form of the eigenvalue density
Authors: Vyas Manan , Kota V K B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The eigenvalue density generated by an embedded Gaussian unitary ensemble with k-body interactions for two-species (say
π
and
ν
) fermion systems is investigated by deriving formulas for the lowest six moments. Assumed in constructing this ensemble, called EGUE(

k
:
π
ν

), is that the
π
fermions (m
1 in number) occupy N
1 number of degenerate single particle (sp) states, and similarly the
ν
fermions (m
2 in number) occupy N
2 number of degenerate sp states. The Hamiltonian is assumed to be k-body preserving

(

m
1

,

m
2

)

. Formulas with finite

(

N
1

,

N
2

)

corrections and asymptotic limit formulas both show that the eigenvalue density takes q-normal form with the q parameter defined by the fourth moment. The EGUE(

k
:
π
ν

) formalism and results are extended to two-species boson systems. The results in this work show that the q-normal form of the eigenvalue density established only recently for identical fermion and boson systems extends to two-species fermion and boson systems.