bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human intrusion detection for high-speed railway perimeter under all-weather condition
Authors: Guo Pengyue , Shi Tianyun , Ma Zhen , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe paper aims to solve the problem of personnel intrusion identification within the limits of high-speed railways. It adopts the fusion method of millimeter wave radar and camera to improve the accuracy of object recognition in dark and harsh weather conditions.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts the fusion strategy of radar and camera linkage to achieve focus amplification of long-distance targets and solves the problem of low illumination by laser light filling of the focus point. In order to improve the recognition effect, this paper adopts the YOLOv8 algorithm for multi-scale target recognition. In addition, for the image distortion caused by bad weather, this paper proposes a linkage and tracking fusion strategy to output the correct alarm results.FindingsSimulated intrusion tests show that the proposed method can effectively detect human intrusion within 0–200 m during the day and night in sunny weather and can achieve more than 80% recognition accuracy for extreme severe weather conditions.Originality/value(1) The authors propose a personnel intrusion monitoring scheme based on the fusion of millimeter wave radar and camera, achieving all-weather intrusion monitoring; (2) The authors propose a new multi-level fusion algorithm based on linkage and tracking to achieve intrusion target monitoring under adverse weather conditions; (3) The authors have conducted a large number of innovative simulation experiments to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this article.
When young customers co-create value of AI-powered branded app: the mediating role of perceived authenticity
Authors: Vo Diem-Trang , Nguyen Long Thang Van , Dang-Pham Duy , Hoang Ai-Phuong 
Published: January 2024

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) allows the brand to co-create value with young customers through mobile apps. However, as many brands claim that their mobile apps are using the most updated AI technology, young customers face app fatigue and start questioning the authenticity of this touchpoint. This paper aims to study the mediating effect of authenticity for the value co-creation of AI-powered branded applications.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from regulatory engagement theory, this study conceptualize authenticity as the key construct in customers’ value experience process, which triggers customer value co-creation. Two scenario-based online experiments are conducted to collect data from 444 young customers. Data analysis is performed using ANOVA and Process Hayes.FindingsThe results reveal that perceived authenticity is an important mediator between media richness (chatbot vs AI text vs augmented reality) and value co-creation. There is no interaction effect of co-brand fit (high vs low) and source endorsement (doctor vs government) on the relationship between media richness and perceived authenticity, whereas injunctive norms (high vs low) strengthen this relationship.Practical implicationsThe finding provides insights for marketing managers on engaging young customers suffering from app fatigue. Authenticity holds the key to young customers’ technological perceptions.Originality/valueThis research highlights the importance of perceived authenticity in encouraging young customers to co-create value. Young customers consider authenticity as a motivational force experience that involves customers through the app’s attributes (e.g. media richness) and social standards (e.g. norms), rather than brand factors (e.g. co-brand fit, source endorsement).
The combination of dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy increases the diagnostic confidence of amelanotic/hypomelanotic lentigo maligna
Authors: Pizzichetta Maria Antonietta , Polesel Jerry , Perrot Jean Luc , Rubegni Pietro , Stanganelli Ignazio , Magi Serena , Mazzoni Laura , Farnetani Francesca , Pellacani Giovanni , Garutti Mattia , Puglisi Fabio , Cinotti Elisa ,   the Italian Melanoma Intergroup, Società Italiana di Dermatologia Chirurgica, Oncologica, Correttiva ed Estetica, and Groupe d'imagerie cutanée non invasive de la Société Française de Dermatologie
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe dermoscopic diagnosis of amelanotic/hypomelanotic lentigo maligna/lentigo maligna melanoma (AHLM/LMM) may be very difficult in its early stages because of lack of pigment. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is an imaging technique that is especially helpful for the diagnosis of lentigo maligna. To determine the diagnostic performances of dermoscopy and RCM in the diagnosis of AHLM/LMMs we evaluated dermoscopic and RCM images of consecutive cases of histopathologically confirmed AHLM/LMMs, amelanotic/hypomelanotic basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (AHBCCs/AHSCCs), amelanotic/hypomelanotic benign lesions (AHBLs), and actinic keratoses (AKs) from five participating centers. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, predictive values, and level of diagnosis confidence were calculated for both diagnostic procedures. Both dermoscopy and RCM showed diagnostic performance >97% in the diagnosis of AHLM/LMMs versus AHBCC/AHSCCs and their combination slightly improved diagnostic performance, with accuracy increasing from 98.0% to 99.1%. Similarly, RCM in combination with dermoscopy showed a tiny increase in the diagnostic performance in the diagnosis of AHLM/LMMs versus AHBLs (accuracy increased from 87.2% to 88.8%) and versus AKs (accuracy increased from 91.4% to 93.4%). Although the increase in diagnostic performance due to RCM was modest, the combination of dermoscopy and RCM greatly increased the level of confidence; high confidence in the diagnosis of AHLM/LMMs versus AHBLs increased from 36.2% with dermoscopy alone to 76.6% with dermoscopy plus RMC. Based on our results, dermoscopy and RCM should be complementary to improve not only diagnostic accuracy but also the level of diagnostic certainty in the diagnosis of AHLM/LMMs.
Leaf‐level resistance to frost, drought and heat covaries across European temperate tree seedlings
Authors: Visakorpi Kristiina , Manzanedo Rubén D. , Görlich Anna Sofia , Schiendorfer Katja , Altermatt Bieger Annette , Gates Emily , Hille Ris Lambers Janneke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Most trees die as seedlings, with harsh environmental conditions, such as early‐spring frosts and summer heat waves, being important drivers of early mortality. However, it remains unclear whether tolerance to different environmental extremes (e.g. frost vs. heat) trades‐off, or covaries synergistically and how stress tolerances relate to growth rates and life history strategies. Given the likely role of extreme environmental conditions as environmental filters, the ability to tolerate different stressors at the seedling stage could shape the occurrence and composition of present and future forests.

We explored the relationships between different leaf‐level stress tolerances, functional traits and geographic distributions across 22 species of temperate European tree seedlings. We measured indicators of tolerance to frost, drought and heat and related these values to growth rates and to important functional traits (e.g. leaf mass per area and stem‐specific density). Finally, we explored the links between measured seedling stress tolerances and climatic niche limits inferred from adult trees' distributions.

We found that seedlings of most species were either moderately tolerant to all three stressors, or susceptible to all of them. Moreover, higher stress tolerances were associated with traits describing slower growth and lower competitive ability. However, seedling tolerances to climatic factors were unrelated to the environmental limits of their adult geographic distributions.

Synthesis. Our results suggest that temperate tree seedlings might not experience trade‐offs when facing an increase in multiple extreme climate stressors, but may experience trade‐offs related to growth rate and competitive ability in the establishment phase. The lack of correlation between leaf‐level stress tolerances and the environmental limits of adult geographic distributions suggests that predicting species' current or future geographic distributions in Europe will require a more nuanced understanding of how climatic tolerances at juvenile and adult stages influence range limits. A better understanding of the interaction between survival in extreme climate, leaf‐level stress tolerances of seedlings and the factors driving species distributions is needed to understand future forest responses to climate change.
An international study of diversity in occupational therapy research– A bibliographic review of English research literature
Authors: Mackenzie Lynette , Lexén Annika , Kaelin Vera C. , Hynes Patrick , Roosen Ina , Tam Elaine , Huang Lin‐Jye , Ye Ching‐Wei ,   World Federation of Occupational Therapists
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe cornerstone of a strong profession is the research that supports its knowledge base and practice. However, little is known about the range of international occupational therapy research.ObjectiveTo explore the range and diversity of the international occupational therapy research from published peer reviewed literature in English during the year 2018.MethodologyLimited to 2018, a review was conducted of sources from i) health‐related search engines using search terms associated with occupational therapy practice, and ii) content pages of occupational therapy publications. Articles were excluded if they i) had no occupational therapy author, ii) were not peer reviewed, iii) not in English, and iv) did not include primary data collection (e.g., opinion pieces, position statements, study protocols). Of articles selected for analysis, data were extracted and synthesized according to the study's origin country, publishing research journal, the characteristics of the represented research, and its alignment with World Federation of Occupational Therapists research priorities.ResultsA total of 4,169 articles were retrieved from the search (i.e., 3,459 from health‐related search engines and 710 through a manual search of occupational therapy journals). After exclusions, 2,345 articles were included for analysis.ConclusionThe review identified English published research was predominantly conducted in economically privileged countries. In addition, it revealed several research priorities that need further development such as evaluating the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions.
The motility and chemosensory systems of Rhizobium leguminosarum, their role in symbiosis, and link to PTSNtr regulation
Authors: Aroney Samuel T. N. , Pini Francesco , Kessler Celia , Poole Philip S. , Sánchez‐Cañizares Carmen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMotility and chemotaxis are crucial processes for soil bacteria and plant–microbe interactions. This applies to the symbiotic bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum, where motility is driven by flagella rotation controlled by two chemotaxis systems, Che1 and Che2. The Che1 cluster is particularly important in free‐living motility prior to the establishment of the symbiosis, with a che1 mutant delayed in nodulation and reduced in nodulation competitiveness. The Che2 system alters bacteroid development and nodule maturation. In this work, we also identified 27 putative chemoreceptors encoded in the R. leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841 genome and characterized its motility in different growth conditions. We describe a metabolism‐based taxis system in rhizobia that acts at high concentrations of dicarboxylates to halt motility independent of chemotaxis. Finally, we show how PTSNtr influences cell motility, with PTSNtr mutants exhibiting reduced swimming in different media. Motility is restored by the active forms of the PTSNtr output regulatory proteins, unphosphorylated ManX and phosphorylated PtsN. Overall, this work shows how rhizobia typify soil bacteria by having a high number of chemoreceptors and highlights the importance of the motility and chemotaxis mechanisms in a free‐living cell in the rhizosphere, and at different stages of the symbiosis.
From panic to banter: How do routine government releases and clarifications cause unexpected public opinion crisis—An analysis of public opinion toward a release by Chinese Ministry of Commerce encouraging the storage of necessities
Authors: Sun Qi , Chen Juan , Gao Shunheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research explored why a routine government notice caused a series of unexpected public opinion crises. We used K‐means clustering and Baidu Application Programming Interface Gateway to analyse 12,478 comments from Sina Weibo on Chinese Ministry of Commerce's release to encourage people to stock up necessities. Results show that even government's routine notice releases are regular events with relatively low objective risk, but in practice, how the government releases information and makes clarification would significantly infect public risk perception and emotion. First, ambiguous government releases magnify existing risks, especially during sensitive times, and resulting in heightened uncertainty, public risk perception and spread of negative emotions, therefore, lead to heated public discussion. Second, timely and effective clarifications can lower public risk perception as well as lead to positive emotions, although public banter may come along and generate another round of online public opinion within a short time. Our work answers why regular events would cause unexpected public opinion from the perspective of government behaviour, illustrates the dynamic interaction between government and online public opinion and can inform public policy aimed at more efficient communication with the public.
Keystone theories of postcrisis discourse: Communication Theory of Resilience and Discourse of Renewal
Authors: Seeger Matthew W. , Nowling William , Seeger Henry S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTheories of resilience are keystones for understanding how individuals, small groups, organizations, and communities arrive at collective meaning, resolve uncertainty, and respond to crisis events. In response to a crisis, organizations can pursue three goals: Returning to the prior equilibrium, creating a new equilibrium with new processes and policies, or a combination of the two. Theories of resilience and renewal address these responses. Resilience has been applied in a diverse set of academic fields as well as in public policy discussions and in popular culture. This broad application, however, has resulted in conceptual confusion and conflicting interpretations. We explore the origins of resilience and its characteristics. We then review two discipline‐specific postcrisis theories, The Communication Theory of Resilience and Discourse of Renewal. We ask, how can these theories enrich understanding of postcrisis adaptive processes and create for a more comprehensive picture of how individuals and organizations respond to crises? Taken together, they provide a broader framework for understanding the role of postcrisis discourse and informing practitioners in the enactment of responses.
Introduced and extinct: neglected archival specimens shed new light on the historical biogeography of an iconic avian species in the Mediterranean
Authors: FORCINA Giovanni , CLAVERO Miguel , MEISTER Marie , BARILARO Christina , GUERRINI Monica , BARBANERA Filippo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCollection specimens provide valuable and often overlooked biological material that enables addressing relevant, long‐unanswered questions in conservation biology, historical biogeography, and other research fields. Here, we use preserved specimens to analyze the historical distribution of the black francolin (Francolinus francolinus, Phasianidae), a case that has recently aroused the interest of archeozoologists and evolutionary biologists. The black francolin currently ranges from the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East to the Indian subcontinent, but, at least since the Middle Ages, it also had a circum‐Mediterranean distribution. The species could have persisted in Greece and the Maghreb until the 19th century, even though this possibility had been questioned due to the absence of museum specimens and scant literary evidence. Nevertheless, we identified four 200‐year‐old stuffed black francolins—presumably the only ones still existing—from these areas and sequenced their mitochondrial DNA control region. Based on the comparison with conspecifics (n = 396) spanning the entirety of the historic and current species range, we found that the new samples pertain to previously identified genetic groups from either the Near East or the Indian subcontinent. While disproving the former occurrence of an allegedly native westernmost subspecies, these results point toward the role of the Crown of Aragon in the circum‐Mediterranean expansion of the black francolin, including the Maghreb and Greece. Genetic evidence hints at the long‐distance transport of these birds along the Silk Road, probably to be traded in the commerce centers of the Eastern Mediterranean.
Environmental microbiome in the home and daycare settings during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and potential risk of non‐communicable disease in children
Authors: McKay Jill A. , Crown Matthew , Bashton Matthew , Pearce David , Entwistle Jane A. , Sangal Vartul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn exposure to diverse microbial population early in life is important for the development of immunity against various non‐communicable diseases including asthma, childhood leukaemia and other cancers. Social mixing in daycare settings helps with exposure to a variety of microbes. However, social isolation and a high emphasis on workplace hygiene during the COVID pandemic may have affected children's exposure to diverse microbiota. The structure of microbial communities and their role in developing immunity to various diseases are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the structure of microbial communities in daycare and home settings during the pandemic. Interestingly, microbial diversity was relatively higher in dust samples collected from homes, with human‐associated taxa being more prevalent compared to those from daycare settings. Environmental microbes were more abundant in dust samples from daycare providers. These results potentially suggest that cleaning practices during the pandemic may have influenced the diversity and microbial abundance of the daycare samples. Several bacterial taxa detected in both the environments are known to induce anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses, conferring protection from various diseases. Therefore, exposure to diverse microbial population in early childhood may play an important role in developing immunity against various non‐communicable and infectious diseases.
A critical review of ethanol effects on neuronal firing: A metabolic perspective
Authors: Popova Dina , Sun Jacquelyne , Chow Hei‐Man , Hart Ronald P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEthanol metabolism is relatively understudied in neurons, even though changes in neuronal metabolism are known to affect their activity. Recent work demonstrates that ethanol is preferentially metabolized over glucose as a source of carbon and energy, and it reprograms neurons to a state of reduced energy potential and diminished capacity to utilize glucose once ethanol is exhausted. Ethanol intake has been associated with changes in neuronal firing and specific brain activity (EEG) patterns have been linked with risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Furthermore, a haplotype of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel subunit, GIRK2, which plays a critical role in regulating excitability of neurons, has been linked with AUD and shown to be directly regulated by ethanol. At the same time, overexpression of GIRK2 prevents ethanol‐induced metabolic changes. Based on the available evidence, we conclude that the mechanisms underlying the effects of ethanol on neuronal metabolism are a novel target for developing therapies for AUD.
Do innovator CEOs matter in IPOs?
Authors: Lin Zhilu , Wu Wentao , Zheng Suyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of innovator CEOs on their firms' IPO underpricing, long‐run performance and post‐IPO innovation. Firstly, we find that IPO firms led by innovator CEOs experience lower first‐day returns (indicating lower IPO underpricing). This phenomenon can be attributed to a CEO's innovative ability, as it plays a pivotal role in mitigating information asymmetry within the IPO market. Secondly, we observe that IPO firms with innovator CEOs have greater IPO long‐run performance. Lastly, our analysis reveals that IPO firms led by innovator CEOs demonstrate greater firm‐wide innovation up to 4 years after the IPO. Overall, our study highlights the effect of CEO characteristics on firm performance in the IPO market.
The effectiveness of a home‐based dietetic intervention for community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Weng Vicky , Wiles Nicole , Jenkins Deanna , Amanatidis Sue , Kidd Joanna C. , Walsh Jessica A. , Baillie Andrew J. , Naganathan Vasi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of clients receiving home‐based dietetic intervention and to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions in improving nutritional status, functional status, and quality of life in a culturally and socioeconomically diverse client group.MethodsParticipants referred to a home‐based dietetic service were recruited to this prospective cohort study. Dietetic interventions were recommended at baseline and reviewed at 3‐month follow‐up. Assessment of nutritional, functional and quality of life markers was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and EQ‐5D‐5L, respectively, at baseline and after home‐based dietetic intervention.ResultsParticipants (n = 99) were recruited from consecutive referrals. Participant's weight, body mass index (BMI), total daily energy and protein intake, MNA total score, and TUG significantly improved after a 3‐month nutrition intervention (effect sizes 0.257, 0.257, 0.580, 0.533, 0.577 and 0.281, respectively). The most common interventions dietitians utilised were nutrition education, use of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and meal fortification. In total, 339 dietetic interventions were recommended to participants at baseline with 197 (58.11%) implemented at 3 months, with meal planning and referral to other relevant allied health or Commonwealth Home Support Program (CHSP) services the most implemented interventions.ConclusionsHome‐based dietetic intervention improves nutritional status, functional status and quality of life in community‐dwelling older adults referred for dietetic input. Improvements observed in nutritional and functional status were consistent with benchmarks of change from published literature.