bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delivering Palliative Care in Challenging Settings and to Hard-to-Reach Populations
Authors: Byock Ira , Twohig Jeanne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
High-quality hospice programs represent a gold standard for comprehensive care for people who are dying. In the United States, hospice use has increased among cancer patients and other defined patient groups. However, even the most innovative hospice organizations meet barriers in attempting to serve patient populations in acute care hospitals, particularly academic research and teaching hospitals, and in highly technical environments such as renal dialysis units and intensive care units. Hospice is also challenged to deliver care in geographically isolated rural communities and for socioeconomically isolated populations served by “safety net” facilities, such as impoverished inner-city residents, military veterans, and prison inmates.
The Way Forward
Authors: Williamson Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
None of the models for the final common pathway of schizophrenia described thus far can approach the explanatory power that the circulatory system offers for heart failure. Yet we have some emerging principles. It seems highly likely that there is some deficit in either GABAergic or NMDA receptor circuitry related to an early neurodevelopmental genetic, viral, or hypoxic anomaly. The deficit is then manifested with cortical pruning at around adolescence, leading to dysregulation of dopamine release, particularly in response to stress. Whether there are further degenerative changes after the onset of illness remains debatable, but there is certainly ample evidence that the loss of gray matter proceeds for several years in many patients.
1846-1878
Authors: Ellis Katharine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When a novelty threatens to alter the balance of cultural power by be coming mainstream, voices are likely to be raised in protest. So it was with early music in mid-nineteenth-century Paris. As I have argued elsewhere, some objections were practical: that the music of living, and particularly French, composers, was being squeezed out of pro grams as the average age of the works being performed increased. And there were also cynics such as Léon Escudier, whose well-aimed sarcasm had the capacity to touch raw nerves.
1878-1900
Authors: Ellis Katharine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Few could have predicted the impact of the six organ recitals that Alexandre Guilmant organized for the Exposition Universelle of 1878. Free of charge, and each featuring a different organist, they attracted near-capacity audiences to the vast Salle des Fêtes at the Trocadéro, where a new 60-stop Cavaillé-Coll organ had been installed. Here, in the only Paris concert hall with an organ permanently in situ, Guilmant began what was to be a twenty-year exploration of the organ repertory of Handel, Bach, Buxtehude, Frescobaldi, Clérambault, and modern composers (including himself).
La musique française at the Crossroads
Authors: Ellis Katharine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Not since the Terror had there been a period more humiliating than the bloody internal strife of the Paris Commune; not until 1940 would there be anything to compare with the ignominy of defeat at Prussian hands in a mere six weeks in the summer of 1870. The fall out from both was considerable. The perception that Germany had a braver and better-prepared (and therefore implicitly, more masculine) army than the French drained the confidence of a nation whose pride in being a significant military force had hitherto been bolstered by memory of victorious campaigns under Napoleon I. Culture, too, came under scrutiny as a potential source of national weakness.
Discovery and Justification
Authors: Salmon Wesley C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his splendid introduction to Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science , Volume V (Steuwer 1970), Herbert Feigl rightly stresses the central importance of the distinction between the context of discovery and the context of justification. These terms were introduced by Hans Reichenbach to distinguish the social and psychological facts surrounding the discovery of a scientific hypothesis from the evidential considerations relevant to its justification. The folklore of science is full of dramatic examples of the distinction, for example, Kepler’s mystical sense of celestial harmony (Pannekoek 1961, 235) versus the confrontation of the postulated orbits with the observations of Tycho Brahe; Kekule’s drowsing vision of dancing snakes (Partington 1964, 553ff.) versus the laboratory confirmation of the hexagonal structure of the benzine ring; Ramanujan’s visitations in sleep by the Goddess of Namakkal (Hardy et al. 1927, xii) versus his waking demonstrations of the mathematical theorems. Each of these examples offers a fascinating insight into the personality of a working scientist, and each provides a vivid contrast between those psychological factors and the questions of evidence that must be taken into account in order to assess the truth or probability of the result. Moreover, as we all learned in our freshman logic courses, to confuse the source of a proposition with the evidence for it is to commit the genetic fallacy.
The “Partial-Entailment” Theory
Authors: Salmon Wesley C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ever since the famous H2O papers of the 1940s (Hempel 1943, 1945; Helmer and Oppenheim 1945; Hempel and Oppenheim 1945), Carl G. Hempel has been closely associated with the concepts of confirmation and logical probability. His intriguing “paradoxes of confirmation” have brought forth an avalanche of responses, and more keep coming. Some of the conditions of adequacy he enunciated, especially the “equivalence condition,” are central to current controversies (see, e.g., Wallace 1966; Hanen 1967; Smokler 1967). Moreover, he has, in the meantime, continued to make significant contributions to inductive logic (Hempel 1960, 1966), as well as to such closely allied topics as the nature of theories and inductive (statistical) explanation (Hempel 1962a; 1965b, pts. III and IV).
Confirmation and Relevance
Authors: Salmon Wesley C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Item: One of the earliest surprises to emerge from Carnap’s (1950b, 1962b, sec. 110A) precise and systematic study of confirmation was that the initially plausible Wittgenstein confirmation function c was untenable. Carnap’s objection rested on the fact that c precludes “learning from experience” because it fails to incorpo- rate suitable relevance relations. Carnap’s alternative confirmation function c * was offered as a distinct improvement because it does sustain the desired relevance relations.
Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration: Typologies and Characteristics of Batterers
Authors: Hamberger L Kevin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) comprise a heterogeneous group based on personality style and violence profile. Understanding male batterers requires multidimensional assessment of psychological, demographic, cultural, and attitudinal variables. Male batterers will respond to questions about IPV.
Maxillofacial Injuries in Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Wilson Sharon R , Dodson Thomas B , Halpern Leslie R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A paucity of evidence-based data exists with respect to the epidemiology and mechanisms of maxillofacial injuries associated with victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). Specific clinical approaches aid the healthcare provider in the identification of victims of IPV who present with maxillofacial injuries, including physical examinations and imaging and diagnostic surveys using head, neck, and facial injury location as a risk predictor. Using maxillofacial injuries as a sole risk predictor for an IPV-related injury etiology has statistical limitations and pitfalls; however, using these tools can increase the sensitivity and specificity of this risk predictor.
Long-term Healthcare Intervention Models
Authors: Zink Therese , Lloyd Karen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Often intimate partner violence (IPV) is nonemergent, and care can be planned over time. Self-management by the patient should be encouraged, tailoring interventions to meet the unique needs of victims. Community partners must be engaged, and health systems should reach out to define how agencies and the health system can partner to care for victims of IPV. The health system’s role is to make IPV a priority by setting policies and systems to identify and track IPV, train staff, and measure, monitor, and provide feedback on outcomes. New challenges and opportunities include learning to work with new partners, addressing ethical dilemmas, outlining evaluation and research plans, and sorting through the financial implications.
Frankfurt Style Compatibilism
Authors: Fischer John Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Many philosophers have worried that God’s existence (understood in a certain way) or causal determinism ( the doctrine that nonrelational features of the past, together with the laws of nature, are causally sufficient for all truths about the present and future) would rule out moral responsibility. One influential reason for this discomfort, although certainly not the only reason, is that it is plausible to suppose that God’s existence (construed in a certain way) or causal determinism would rule out “genuine” alternative possibilities. If moral responsibility requires this sort of alternative possibility (at least at some relevant point along the path to behavior), then it would seem that God’s existence or causal determinism would be incompatible with moral responsibility.
Responsibility And Manipulation
Authors: Fischer John Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A compatibilist about causal determinism and moral responsibility wishes to say that the mere fact that the behavior in question is the product of a causally deterministic sequence does not imply that the agent cannot legitimately be held morally responsible for it. At the same time, the compatibilist typically is willing to concede that certain sorts of causal sequences undermine moral responsibility. Certain kinds of “manipulation” that bypass or somehowsupersede or fundamentally distort the human capacity for practical reasoning are salient examples of responsibility-undermining factors. Now the challenge is to explain the difference between those sequences that undermine responsibility and those that are consistent withit (and, indeed, confer it).
‘Dithyrambic Fervour’ The Lyric Voice of The Prelude
Authors: Jacobus Mary 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Looking Back to the excitement with which The Prelude had begun—a mood later described as one of ‘distraction and intense desire’ (XIII, 374)—book 7 starts by recalling the ‘dithyrambic fervour’ of the opening book.
Poly(ester-acrylate/amine) Dendrimers
Authors: Tomalia Donald A , Nixon Linda S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Structure This dendrimer family is synthesized by the direct Michael addition of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) or pentaerythritol tetra-acrylate (PTA) type branch cell reagents to either alkyl amines or poly(alkylene) amines under carefully controlled conditions. Various shaped (i.e. cone-like or ellipsoidal), high multiplicity, acrylate terminated, generation = 1, PEA dendrimers are obtained depending on the nature of the core. Secondary amines (i.e. morpholine) readily undergo Michael addition to these dendritic acrylates to produce morpholine-terminated dendrimers (Figure 1). Dendrimers derived from α, ω-alkylene diamine cores exhibited very low viscosities compared to equivalent molecular weight linear analogs or mixtures with reactive diluents. (i.e. Table 1 and Figures 2 and 3). Furthermore, under UV conditions, the PEA dendritic acrylates cured dramatically faster either neat or with reactive diluents compared to linear analogs.
Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)
Authors: Peters Edward N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
General Information PPE polymers have found broad use in polymer blends or alloys.(1’5) PPE forms rather rare miscible, single-phase blends with polystyrene over the entire range of composition. PPE blends with impact polystyrene are often referred to as ‘modified PPE’ resins and are characterized by ease of processing, high impact strength, outstanding dimensional stability at elevated temperatures, long-term stability under load (creep resistance), and excellent electrical properties over a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. Another unique feature of modified PPE resins is their ability to make chlorine/bromine-free flame retardant (ECO-label compliant) grades. PPE alloys with polyamides and polypropylene are available which exhibit chemical resistance and dimensional stability at elevated temperatures. PPE macromonomers are available for enhancement of the performance of thermoset resins.
Poly(erucic acid dimer anhydride)
Authors: Domb Abraham J , Langer Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Applications Biodegradable polymer for controlled drug delivery in a form of implant, film, or injectable microspheres (e.g., Septacin™–gentamicin-loaded linked beads for the treatment of chronic bone infections). Properties of Special Interest Anhydride copolymers of erucic acid dimer (EAD) with aliphatic diacids such as sebacic acid (SA) degrade in a physiological medium to EAD and SA. Matrices of the copolymers loaded with dissolved or dispersed drugs degrade in vitro and in vivo to constantly release the drugs for periods from 1–12 weeks.
Poly(ethyl acrylate)
Authors: Wen Jianye 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Applications Coatings, textile finishing, paper saturants, leather finishing, oil-resistant and high temperature resistant elastomers Properties of Special Interest A rubber-like, considerably softer, and more extensible polymer compared to poly(methyl acrylate); have superior resistance to degradation and show remarkable retention of their original properties under use conditions.
Poly(ethylene imine)
Authors: Wu Sizhu , Madkour Tarek M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Applications PEI offers potential cosmetic uses and new directions for clear antidandruff hair products and antiperspirants. Also used as a wet-strength agent in the paper-making process, a flocculating agent with silica sols, and in the coating of composite hollow-fiber membranes. PEI is obtained by cationic ring-opening polymerization of ethyleneimine. Properties of Special Interest A special highly branched poly(ethylene amine). A cationic surfactant with natural affinity for hair and skin. A chelating agent with the ability to complex with heavy metal salts such as zinc and zirconium salts.
Poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane)
Authors: Manners Ian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Applications Electroactive gels for photonic crystal displays, plasma etch resists, and catalyst precursors (2,4,5). Properties of Special Interest Low cost. Ease of Synthesis. Interesting redox properties, high refractive index, photoconductor. Precursors to CSiFe solid state ceramic materials. Block copolymers known.
Poly(N-vinyl carbazole)
Authors: Ko John H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Applications Incorporated in ABS (≥80%). Appliances, housewares, packing materials, automotive features, industrial applications, medical devices, and custom molding products. Properties of Special Interest Rigidity, resistance to heat and chemicals (acids, alkalis, fat, grease, oil, gasoline, alcohol, and some solvents), and high optical clarity.
Poly(4-vinyl pyridine)
Authors: Owus Osei A , Ko John H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Application Poly (4-vinylpyridine) P4VP with its nucleophilic and weakly basic ring nitrogen has found uses in the areas of metal recovery (complex), and pollution control for removal of acidic and neutral materials. It is also used as an acid scavenger and catalyst and catalyst support. Commercial resin beads are mostly prepared by suspension polymerization with crosslinker such as divinylbenzene.(1,2)
Styrene-acrylonitrile polymers
Authors: Wang Shuhong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Applications Incorporated in ABS (≥80%). Appliances, housewares, packing materials, automotive features, industrial applications, medical devices, and custom molding products. Properties of Special Interest Rigidity, resistance to heat and chemicals (acids, alkalis, fat, grease, oil, gasoline, alcohol, and some solvents), and high optical clarity.
Syndiotactic Polystyrene
Authors: Masamoto Junzo , Iwamoto Takashi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Major Applications Poly(vdf-hfp) is a synthetic, noncrystalline polymer that exhibits elastomeric properties when cross-linked. Known to be chemically inert, it is designed for demanding service applications in hostile environments and commonly used as a sealant in hot and corrosive environments,(1,3) such as used in aircraft, aerospace, chemical and petroleum industries. Also used for biomedical applications as coatings.(4)
The-Twisted Matrix: Dream,Simulation, Or Hybrid?
Authors: Clark Andy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Matrix is a computer-generated dreamworld built to keep us under control.
-Morpheus, early in The Matrix
In dreaming, you are not only out of control, you don’t even know it I was completely duped again and again the minute my pons, my amygdala, my perihippocampal cortex, my anterior cingulate, my visual association and parietal opercular cortices were revved up and my dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was muffled.
Artificial Ethics
Authors: Driver Julia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The significance of The Matrix as a movie with deep philosophical overtones is well recognized. Whenever the movie is discussed in philosophy classes, comparisons are made with Descartes’s Meditations, particularly the dream argument and the evil-genius scenario, both of which are intended to generate skeptical doubt. How do we know, for example, that we are awake now, rather than merely dreaming? How do we know that our thoughts are not being manipulated, and that our perceptions of “reality” are accurate? The Matrix makes these doubts stand out vividly.
Jazz Anecdotes
Authors: Crow Bill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This second edition will feature new anecdotes involving Benny Goodman, Billy Taylor, Jackie Gleason, Duke Ellington, Wynton Marsalis and many more as well as a new foreword by Crow. “Read this somewhere where you’re not afraid to be seen laughing out loud....Everyone should be able to find something to like in this rich collection”--Library Journal “A scintillating omnium gathering of jazz talk.” --Washington Post “Guarantees up to a thousand laughs...recommended without reservation.”--Los Angeles Times “The intense sociological hothouse that was the jazz and commercial music world has cooled down greatly over the years, but it’s important to have books like this to remind us how exciting and invigorating those days were....Don’t let it slip by.”--Allegro
The Word “Jazz”
Authors: Crow Bill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In a book titled Jazz Anecdotes, it seems appropriate to let one chapter deal with the word “jazz” itself. Many attempts have been made to pin down the origin of the word, none completely successful. Some scholars have detected roots in Africa and Arabia, and others hold, with perhaps a little more evidence, that it stems from the French verb jaser, meaning “to chatter.” There are speculations that the word arose from corruptions of the abbreviations of the first names of early musicians: “Charles” (Chas.) or “James” (Jas.). Another source claims that a Chicago musician called Jasbo Brown was the genesis of the term. Some historians find origins in slang terms for semen (gism, jasm). It is true that “jazzing” was widely used as a word meaning fornication, but no one has been able to determine for sure that this usage preceded the musical reference. Some early jazz musicians have remembered hearing “jazz” used erotically in both New Orleans and San Francisco around the turn of the century.
Pianos
Authors: Crow Bill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The piano is an important element in most jazz groups, but jazz pianists are lucky if they find a good one to play when they arrive at work. It is necessary to spend money to own and properly maintain a good piano. Regular maintenance is needed to offset wear and tear on strings and playing mechanisms. At the very least a piano should be frequently tuned. Many proprietors of jazz clubs and restaurants seem to find it difficult to resist the temptation to skimp when buying and maintaining a piano. A cheap piano is not constructed to take the punishment of constant use. In the classic story, a club owner receives a complaint from his pianist about the condition of his piano, and says, “Don’t worry, I’m having it painted tomorrow.” The joke does not exaggerate reality. Many owners would begrudge the paint. Piano soloists with the leverage of stardom are able to specify the brand and dimensions of the piano that must be provided for them when they appear. Less fortunate pianists have often opted for electronic keyboards, usually not because they prefer them, but because they find them more bearable than untuned acoustic pianos with keys that refuse to respond to normal touch.
On the Road
Authors: Crow Bill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Most jazz musicians have found it necessary to keep moving in order to make a living. A band might get lucky and stay in the same club for a month or two, but most jazz establishments prefer a more frequent change of attractions. When bands were in demand during the swing era, the most profitable schedule for bandleaders was a constant string of one-nighters. Sometimes the string got so long that the musicians fell into a road trance, never seeing any more of the places they stopped than the hotel room, the diner, and the bandstand. Phil Woods proposed a curriculum for teaching young students of jazz about the realities of the road: If I taught at a school, I would charter a bus and after I picked out my A-lab band, I would get this bus and I’d get all the kids and I’d have them get their libraries together and their music stands. I’d get uniforms for them. Have them get all their crap together, pack, get on the bus, close all the blinds, and just drive around the campus for about eight hours—don’t go anywhere, no visual delights to intrigue them. Get off the bus, set up, pick out a set, tune up, put their uniforms on.
Cutting Contests
Authors: Crow Bill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Musical rivalry has existed ever since there first were two musicians who played the same instrument. In the early days of jazz, where ensemble playing was the game, rivalry existed mainly between bands. Baby Dodds describes an early form of competition in New Orleans: Sometimes the groups would have several bands in a parade. Then the main band had to start first and finish last and all the other bands had to go through this leading band at the end of the parade. Of course the head band would always be the best. And it was one of the most exciting things I ever did to play music and go through another band that was playing. The main band was lined up on both sides and we had to go between them and keep playing. I remember the first time it happened. My snare drum was a four-inch drum, and this fellow had a six-inch snare drum. When we got going through I couldn’t hear my drumming anymore so I didn’t know what I was doing. And I picked up with the other drummer who was playing six-eight in contrast to the two-four time we had been playing.