bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of head and neck involvement in IgG4-related disease
Authors: Pehlivan Umur Anil , Karaali Kamil , Ilhan Hatice Deniz , Soy Mehmet , Arslan Didem , Kaya Omer , Kisla-Ekinci Rabia Miray , Cakir-Pekoz Burcak , Cay Ummuhan , Acikalin Arbil , Agildere Ahmet Muhtesem 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the radiological features of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) in the head and neck region.

Methods:
In this radiology-based study, radiological features, clinical, laboratory, pathological findings, and prognosis of nine patients with head and neck involvement diagnosed with IgG4-RD were investigated retrospectively.

Results:
The median age of the patients was 38 years (range: 2.5-79 years), and there were six males and three females. The most common symptoms and clinical findings of the patients were eyelid and lacrimal gland swelling, painless exophthalmos, and ophthalmoplegia. The most common site of involvement on MRI was the orbit. Orbital involvement was followed by branches of the trigeminal nerve, sinonasal cavity, cervical lymph nodes, and dural involvement. The most common and remarkable imaging features were T2 hypointensity and diffuse homogeneous contrast enhancement.

Conclusions:
Head and neck involvement of the IgG4-RD, has specific imaging features that can help with diagnosis. Thus, early diagnosis and better outcomes can be achieved with increasing awareness of these features of this relatively new pathology.
A study on knowledge, attitude, and practice about eye donation among medical students and healthcare professionals at a tertiary hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Parija Sucheta , Chakraborty Koyel , Sahu Dinesh Prasad 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To assess and analyze the rate of knowledge, attitude, and practice patterns about eye donation among medical and healthcare professionals in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted on medical students, resident doctors, and nursing and paramedical staff at a tertiary institute in the year 2020. A pretested, structured questionnaire consisting of 28 questions in the three subsections based on knowledge and awareness, attitudes and beliefs, and practice patterns mainly willingness to donate eyes by pledging, was noted. All the responses were individually scored, and the total scores were calculated. Univariate analysis was done to find out the factors that had a positive or negative influence on the knowledge and willingness about eye donation.

Results:
Around 270 participants responded to this survey. The majority of the respondents (206, 76.3%) were below 30 years and 64.4% were males. Awareness about eye donation was 95.6% but a willingness to pledge was observed in 51.5% of participants. The total practice score was lower among nonmedicos compared with medicos (3.33 ± 1.22 vs 3.74 ± 0.64), (P < 0.001). On univariate analysis, the Crude Odds Ratio with a 95% confidence interval was 25.787 (5.18–128.33) in the occupational category (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The study reported an adequate knowledge level among doctors and healthcare workers. The practice pattern among the nursing staff and paramedical workers needs to be improved as they can play a pivotal role in strengthening the hospital corneal retrieval program. They can also be the key messengers during public awareness campaigns for eye donations in our country.
Comparative study of surgical outcomes of twin-site phacotrabeculectomy with mitomycin C in primary open-angle glaucoma versus primary angle-closure glaucoma
Authors: Maheshwari Devendra , Pillai Madhavi Ramanatha , Kanduri Swathi , Nair Indu J , Kader Mohideen Abdul , Ramakrishnan Rengappa 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To compare the surgical outcomes of twin-site phacotrabeculectomy with Mitomycin C (MMC) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) versus primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

Methods:
Prospective, comparative, observational study. Patients with visually significant cataract and primary glaucoma were divided into two groups: POAG and PACG. They underwent twin-site phacotrabeculectomy with MMC and followed up on days 1, 15, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months. Baseline and follow-up visits were compared to find the differences in intraocular pressure (IOP), antiglaucoma medications (AGM), success rates, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and axial length (AXL).

Results:
There were 50 eyes each in POAG and PACG groups. Mean IOP reduction from baseline to 12 months (21.22 ± 6.0 to 11.40 ± 2.8—POAG group vs 24.16 ± 7.6 to 12.42 ± 3.2—PACG group) was statistically significant in both groups (P < 0.001), but no significant difference between groups (P = 0.095). There was a statistically significant decline in the number of AGM in POAG [1.66 (0.7) to 0.38 (0.7), P < 0.001] and PACG [2.10 (0.7) to 0.70 (0.8), P < 0.001]; the decline was more in POAG (P = 0.012) at last visit. Probability of overall (complete and qualified) success at 12 months postop was 72.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 57.4–82.4] in PACG and 84.0% (95% CI: 70.5–91.7) in POAG group. There was a significant increase in ACD and a decrease in AXL in both groups (P < 0.001). More interventions were required in the PACG group (38, P = 0.012).

Conclusion:
Phacotrabeculectomy with MMC causes a significant reduction in IOP and improvement in biometric parameters in both POAG and PACG. Patients with PACG required more postoperative interventions, while a lesser number of antiglaucoma medications were needed in POAG patients.
Comparison of prevalent management options to treat acute central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Pradhan Atish K , Behera Umesh C 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To study the acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) management strategies practiced at a tertiary eye care center in eastern India.

Methods:
In a retrospective chart review study, the clinical outcomes of three different management approaches to treating acute CSC were analyzed. Individuals with follow-ups of fewer than 6 months were excluded. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the prognostic markers of CSC resolution.

Results:
In the 10-year study period (January 2013–July 2022), 206 eyes were included. Placebo treatment was the preferred practice (48.5%; n = 100 eyes). Watchful observation without placebo was the management strategy in 30.6% (n = 63) of the eyes, and 20.9% (n = 43) of eyes received focal lasers. Risk factor modification was attempted in all. There was no significant difference in the resolution rate (P = 0.819), time to resolution (P = 0.331), and disease recurrence (P = 0.067) among the groups. Univariate logistic regression analysis did not favor any of the treatment strategies predicting resolution and recurrence.

Conclusion:
Alternative treatment modes did not score over the natural history of acute CSC regarding disease resolution, vision gain, and disease recurrence. The study reaffirms observation as the standard of care for acute CSC.
Transcranial Sonography in Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonism
Authors: Durmaz Seyma Eroglu , Kursun Oguzhan , Oztekin Nese , Karadag Yesim Sucullu 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Transcranial sonography (TCS) is a noninvasive imaging method that practices ultrasound waves to examine the brain structure changes in many neurological pathologies, including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and parkinsonism. It allows for the visualization of the substantia nigra (SN), which is affected in these conditions and other brain parts. This technique has shown promise in aiding the diagnosis, follow-up, and progress of PD, in addition to differentiating it from other movement disorders. Our research explores the reliability of TCS in the diagnosis of PD and its impact on the differential diagnosis of atypical parkinsonism syndromes.

Subjects and Methods:
This study involved 52 PD patients, nine with other parkinsonism, and 54 healthy people. The same neurosonologist, blind to the patient’s diagnosis, assessed each individual’s SN, and the hyperechogenic area measurement was obtained. These measurements were compared between PD patients, with other forms of PD, and healthy people. In addition, hyperechogenic regions were compared based on the PD subtypes, dominant disease side, severity, and duration of the disease.

Results:
PD patients were presented with the highest value of SN hyperechogenic regions. TCS had an 87.5% specificity and a 73.3% sensitivity rate for the diagnosis of PD. The akinetic-rigid subtype of PD showed higher hyperechogenicity. In PD patients, there was no correlation between the disease side, length of the disease, Hoehn and Yahr stage, and SN hyperechogenicity.

Conclusion:
The results of this research demonstrate that the visualizing of SN hyperechogenicity with TCS in PD has diagnostic significance and may be valuable in the differential diagnosis of atypical parkinsonism disorders. However, the evaluation of only the SN may not be sufficient to advantage from TCS in the diagnosis of other parkinsonisms, and it may be essential to investigate the mesencephalon, other basal ganglia, and the third ventricle.
A rare diagnosis: Acute bilateral vasitis mimicking incarcerated bilateral inguinal hernia
Authors: Bugis Bassam Hussain Mohammed , Alarifi Mishal , Alzahrani Saeed , Hasan Rami 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Inflammation of the vas deferens or what known as acute vasitis is an under-reported condition that usually presents with scrotal or inguinal pain and swelling which can be misdiagnosed and treated as many other conditions. Here, we present one of the first cases to be reported in the literature with bilateral manifestation. A 28-year-old male patient presented complaining of bilateral testicular and inguinal pain associated with inguinal swelling for 3 days. Initially, the patient was being evaluated as a case of incarcerated bilateral inguinal hernia, but with the aid of radiological imaging, the patient was diagnosed correctly and the unnecessary surgical intervention was prevented.
Trimodal therapy versus radical cystectomy for cT2N0M0 urothelial muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Single-center experience
Authors: Fallatah Moayid , Alkahtani Ali S. , Alrumayyan Majed , Alotaibi Mohammed F. , Alkhateeb Sultan , Mokhtar Alaa Ahmed , Altaweel Waleed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
Bladder cancer is ranked the ninth most common cancer in the world. Locally, the incidence of bladder cancer has increased tenfold over the past 26 years. Radical cystectomy (RC) is considered a gold standard management option for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), but trimodal therapy (TMT) has shown comparable oncological outcomes in selected patients.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study in which we reviewed medical records of patients diagnosed with MIBC without nodal disease or distant metastasis (cT2N0M0) who underwent either RC or TMT. Demographic data, comorbidities, histopathological and clinical staging, neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy, and follow-up were analyzed.

Results:
We included a total of 31 patients in the study, with 10 patients in the TMT group and 21 patients in the RC group. There was no significant difference in recurrence between the TMT and RC groups (P = 0.58). The TMT group had a higher percentage of local recurrence (40% vs. RC 5.2%, P = 0.018) but no significant difference in metastasis (0% vs. 10%, P = 0.420). The difference in overall survival between the TMT and RC groups was not significant (P = 0.25).

Conclusion:
TMT may be considered an alternative option for patients unwilling to undergo RC due to related complications and prioritize a better quality of life. However, the decision should be made after considering the cost of extensive follow-ups and patient compliance with surveillance.
Bounded cohomology is not a profinite invariant
Authors: Echtler Daniel , Kammeyer Holger 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe construct pairs of residually finite groups with isomorphic profinite completions such that one has non-vanishing and the other has vanishing real second bounded cohomology. The examples are lattices in different higher-rank simple Lie groups. Using Galois cohomology, we actually show that$\operatorname {SO}^0(n,2)$for$n \ge 6$and the exceptional groups$E_{6(-14)}$and$E_{7(-25)}$constitute the complete list of higher-rank Lie groups admitting such examples.
Patient Satisfaction with Quality of Nursing Services at Surgical Outpatient Department (SOPD) of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi
Authors: Musa G.L. , Umar A. , Joseph D.Z. , Hassan B.S. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Patient satisfaction is an essential tool in measuring the quality of health care services; as it gives an idea of the staff's progress towards patients' desires and is found to be useful in measuring patients' expectations. The study aimed to assess patient's level of satisfaction with the quality of nursing services they had received at the surgical outpatient department of ATBUTH Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted at the surgical outpatient department (SOPD) of ATBUTH, Bauchi, using a SERVQUAL questionnaire.
Results: The result from the study shows that 110 (56.4%) of the respondents were males, while 85 (43.6%) respondents were females. and their ages ranged from 33 to 37 years. The majority 50 (25.6%) of the respondents were business people. The variation in socio-demographic characteristics of patients was found to affect satisfaction by 27.5% among patients receiving care in SOPD ATBUTH, with p<0.05. The patients' levels of satisfaction differed between the different nursing services but were overall satisfied with the services they received.
Conclusion: The level of satisfaction of patients revealed by the grand mean score (4.11) shows that the respondents generally agree that they were satisfied with the care they received. The study concludes that overall, the patients were satisfied with the quality of nursing services they had received in the S.O.P.D of ATBUTH but recommended an investment in modern technologies and training by the hospital management to help improve the quality of these services.
Trace Minerals and Antioxidant Enzyme Profile of Chronic Liver Disease Patients in Kano, Northwest, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed I.Y. , Abdulyakeen K. , Ahmad M.B. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Chronic liver disease is a major cause of death especially in low- and middle-income countries where increasing prevalence has been noted recently. Free radicals-mediated tissue injury plays an important role in hepatic fibrogenesis while antioxidant vitamins and a few trace minerals reduce tissue damage by scavenging free radicals.
Aim: To determine the blood levels of some selected antioxidant enzymes and trace minerals in chronic liver disease patients in Kano.
Methods: Eighty-nine chronic liver disease patients and eighty-nine age and sex-matched controls were recruited for this study. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure trace minerals and antioxidant enzymes respectively. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0.
Results: Results showed that Glutathione Peroxidase (2.54±1.45 ng/mL vs 6.00±2.64 ng/mL), SOD (23.29±15.27 ng/mL vs 52.48±26.72 ng/mL), Zn (0.82±0.22 mg/L vs 1.07±0.26 mg/L) and Se (2.66±0.60 mg/L vs 3.32±0.55 mg/L) levels were significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to their respective controls. Trace minerals (except Cu) and antioxidant enzyme levels decrease significantly with increased severity of chronic liver disease.
Conclusion: The findings suggested that trace minerals and antioxidants are reduced in chronic liver disease patients and reduction correlated significantly with advanced disease.
Institutional-related Related Factors Associated with the Management Outcome of Patients Triaged During 48 Hours of Interventions at Accident and Emergency Department, Kenyatta National Hospital
Authors: Chelal Daniel Kimutai , Sum Tecla , Morema Everlyne 
Published: October 2023

Objective: The study sought to evaluate institutional-related factors associated with the management outcome of patients triaged during 48 hours of interventions at the accident and emergency department, Kenyatta National Hospital.
Methodology: The study was a crosssectional study involving the triaged and coded patients flagged by scores using the Triage Early Warning Score (TEWS) whereby structured questionnaires were used as well as an observation checklist. The study site was accident and emergency department, Kenyatta National Hospital. The target population were all coded patients in the accident and emergency unit, a sample of 385 patients were used during this study, data collection was through structured questionnaires and checklist to assess the healthcare provider and institutional-related factors. A pilot study was done at Kakamega County Referral Hospital. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to test the associated factors in relation to the outcomes. The odds ratio was used to test the strength between the provider and health facility factors associated with the management outcome of triaged and coded patients, and a one-way analysis of variance was used to the differences in mean scores in the institutional and provider factors. Data was presented in tables and bar graphs.
Findings: The study results indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between institutional-related factors and management outcomes of triaged patients. This is depicted by a Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.452 pvalue =0.008< 0.05 which was significant at a 0.05 level of significance. This implies that improved institutional-related factors result in an increase in the management outcome of triaged patients.
Conclusion and Recommendations: It's therefore important to note that institutional-related factors have an impact on the outcome of triaged and coded patients in the accident and emergency department, at Kenyatta National Hospital. Thus it's important for the institution to invest in human resource capacity, procurement of equipment and drugs to be used as well as improve on infrastructure.
<i>Sero-Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis</i> among People Living with HIV/AIDS in North-western Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad A.B , Kumurya A.S. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Cryptosporidium species are obligate, intracellular, protozoan parasites belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa, which is a substantial threat to HIV/AIDS-infected individuals with an estimated risk of infection of around 52% in developing countries.
Aim: The study was aimed at determining the Sero-Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in North-western Nigeria.
Methods: Structured questionnaires were administered to 90 participants who were selected by inclusion criteria sampling technique with a total of 90 blood samples collected from them. Serological analysis of the blood samples was carried out using the Human Cryptosporidium parvum (CP) ELISA detection test Kit. (Melsin Medical Co., Limited, China LOT NUMBER: 20191023), and CD4 cell count was performed.
Results: Out of the 100 participants, 19(19%) were found to be positive for Cryptosporidium parvum and 81(81%) were negative with an overall prevalence of 19%. There was no statistical significance between Cryptosporidium infection and those who used pit latrine (p=0.347), eating outside (p=0.494), reared animals (p=0.838) and the type of water source (p=0.641). The association between Cryptosporidium parvum and the CD4+ count of the participants was determined using a statistically insignificant chi-square test (p= 0.409). The higher the CD4+ count, the lesser the risk for Cryptosporidium parvum infection.
Conclusion: This study reveals an overall Sero-Prevalence of 19% of C. parvum among HIV/AIDS patients and there is no association between CD4+ count and infection of Cryptosporidium parvum.
Effect of Mentoring on Learning Skills of Undergraduate Nursing Students in North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Jafaru Y. , Gommaa H.I.M. , Suleiman M.A. , Sani D.K. , Umar A.B. 
Published: October 2023

Background: The concept of how students learn is an important topic in education and crucial for improving the students’ quality of learning. This brings about an increasing interest by policymakers and educators in how to encourage students learning. The study aimed to investigate the effect of mentoring on the learning skills of undergraduate nursing students in north-western Nigeria.
Methods and Materials: Quasi quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study. The intervention was mentoring on learning skills, and learning skills were assessed before and after the intervention as pre-test and post-test respectively. The population of the study is undergraduate nursing students in the four departments of nursing sciences in north-western states, Nigeria. The required sample size was obtained using systematic sampling. Dennis Learning skills inventory was used for assessing the respondents' learning skills, while the mentoring action plan was used to deliver the mentoring intervention.
Results: The pre-intervention excellent and very good levels of learning skills had the lowest aggregate mean percentages. The pre-intervention aggregate mean score was 2.06 (In maximum of 5). The highest post-intervention learning skills of the respondents were mostly around excellent, very good and good. The post-intervention aggregate mean score was 3.39. There was a significant difference between pre-intervention learning skills and post- intervention learning skills, P<0.001 with an effect size of 0.7.
Conclusion: Mentoring is effective in changing the way nursing students learn from inadequate learning skills to adequate learning skills.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Construction Business in Nigeria
Authors: Oyewobi L.O , Bilau A.A. , Oke E.A. , Jimoh R.A. , Ogunbode E.B. , Rotimi J.O.B. 
Published: October 2023

Construction is one of the most important sectors in the Nigerian economy employing a large number of people in its workforce. The industry contributed 4.09% of real GDP in 2019 to the Nigerian economy. This contribution may nosedive if concerted efforts are not made as a result of the outbreak of the novel coronavirus. However, the spread of the coronavirus pandemic has continued unabated across the world, and both public and private sectors have formulated different ways of responding to the pandemic. Their responses have attendant economic impact on all sectors of the economy, but that of construction seems to be the dire. The study is therefore aimed at analysing the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the operations of construction businesses in the Nigerian construction industry. The study adopted quantitative research approach using questionnaire survey to obtain data on construction businesses from major stakeholders’ in the industry. A combination of snowballing and purposive sampling techniques were used to obtain 312 valid responses used for the analysis presented in this paper. The study reveals that the most severe impact of the COVID-19 is financial with 77% severity index, this is followed by infrastructure impact with 74.4% while quality and safety impacts is the least ranked category with 53%. These findings showed that the outbreak of the COVID-19 have significant impact on construction businesses. The study recommends that parties to construction contracts should consider providing expressly outbreak of this nature in future in their contractual arrangements with a view to dealing at the outset with the risks associated with them. Government should provide palliatives for the construction industry post COVID-19 to be able to counteract the effects of the pandemic going forward. The study has implication for the practitioners in the Nigerian construction industry as well as the policy makers to understand the significant role being played by the industry and its effect on other sectors of the economy.