bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tightly focused optical skyrmions and merons formed by electric-field vectors with prescribed characteristics
Authors: Zeng Yongxi , Yu Yanzhong , Shen Xi , Chen Jian , Zhan Qiwen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Optical skyrmions, which are topological quasi-particles with nontrivial electromagnetic textures, have garnered escalating research interest recently for their potential in diverse applications. In this paper, we present a method for generating tightly focused optical skyrmion and meron topologies formed by electric-field vectors under 4π-focusing system, where both the topology types (including Néel-, Bloch-, intermediate- and anti-skyrmion/meron) and the normal direction of the two-dimensional topology projection plane can be tailored at will. By utilizing time-reversal techniques, we analytically derive the radiation pattern of a multiple concentric-ring array of dipoles (MCAD) to obtain the required illumination fields on the pupil planes of the two high numerical aperture lenses. The Deby vector diffraction integral theory is employed to calculate the corresponding tightly focused field, and their topology characteristics are quantitatively evaluated by the electric-field vector distribution. The results demonstrate that arbitrary electric-field based skyrmion and meron can be conveniently generated by adjusting the oscillation direction of each dipole in the MCAD and the normal direction of the dipole array. The generated optical topologies with fully controllable degrees of freedom provide potential applications in optical information processing, transmission, and storage.
The CircHAS2/RPL23/MMP9 Axis Facilitates Brain Tumor Metastasis
Authors: Fu Qiang , Yang Haojie , Huang Jingxuan , Liu Fan , Fu Yanni , Saw Phei Er , Wang Yongxin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate tumor development by interacting with microRNAs. However, limited research has been conducted on the roles of circRNAs in gliomas. Therefore, we sought to demonstrate the function and molecular mechanism of circHAS2 in gliomas.

Methods: CircHAS2, hsa-miR-508-3p, RPL23, and MMP9 mRNA levels were assessed with qRT-PCR. RPL23 and MMP9 protein levels were determined with western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Glioma cell migration and invasion were assessed with Transwell assays. The interaction between hsa-miR-508-3p and circHAS2 or RPL23 was predicted with RNAhybrid and miRanda, and confirmed through luciferase reporter assays. The effects of circHAS2 on glioma cells were demonstrated in a nude mouse orthotopic xenograft glioma model.

Results: We computationally analyzed the differentially expressed circRNAs in glioma tissues by using the GEO database. The screening indicated that circHAS2 was located primarily in the cytoplasm. Functionally, silencing of circHAS2 inhibited glioma migration and invasion. Mechanically, hsa-miR-508-3p was identified as a downstream target of circHAS2. CircHAS2 was found to regulate RPL23 and influence MMP9 via hsa-miR-508-3p, thereby promoting glioma migration and invasion. Moreover, inhibition of circHAS2 impeded the progression of U87 glioma cells in vivo.

Conclusion: CircHAS2 regulates RPL23 and subsequent MMP9 expression by sponging hsa-miR508-3p in glioma cells.
Improving Short Course Treatment of Pediatric Infections: A Randomized Quality Improvement Trial
Authors: Vernacchio Louis , Hatoun Jonathan , Patane Laura Burckett , O’Donnell Heather , Herigon Joshua C. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Short courses of antibiotic treatment are effective for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI). We compared the effectiveness of education with performance feedback, clinical decision support (CDS), and the combination in encouraging appropriately short treatment courses by primary care clinicians.

METHODS
We designed a site-randomized, quality improvement trial within a large pediatric primary care network. Each practice was randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: education and feedback; CDS; both interventions (“combined group”); and control. We performed difference-in-differences analysis to compare the proportion of cases with short course treatment before and after intervention among the 4 groups.

RESULTS
For all cases of CAP and SSTI, the proportion in the control group treated with the recommended duration did not change from the baseline period (26.1% [679 of 2603]) to the intervention period (25.8% [196 of 761]; P = .9). For the education and feedback group, the proportion rose from 22.3% (428 of 1925) to 45.0% (239 of 532; P &lt; .001); for the CDS group, from 26.6% (485 of 1824) to 52.3% (228 of 436; P &lt; .001); and for the combined group, from 26.2% (491 of 1875) to 67.8% (314 of 463; P &lt; .001). A difference-in-differences analysis showed that all 3 intervention groups improved performance compared with the control group (P &lt; .001); the combined group had greater improvement than the education and feedback group or the CDS group (P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS
In this quality improvement project to encourage shorter duration treatment of CAP and SSTI, both education with performance feedback and CDS were effective in modifying clinician behavior; however, the combination of the two was substantially more effective than either strategy alone.
Analisis Faktor Internal dan Eksternal Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Pengolah Ikan di Jembrana, Bali
Authors: Febrianti Desy , Fikriyah Amiqatul 
Published: January 2024

Rendahnya kemampuan UMKM dalam mengembangkan area pemasarannya diduga disebabkan ketidakmampuan dalam mengenali kondisi internal dan eksternal UMKM itu sendiri. Kedua hal tersebut berimplikasi pada kapasitas UMKM dalam menerapkan manajemen strategis untuk meningkatkan kinerja usahanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal dan merumuskan strategi terbaik untuk pengembangan UMKM pengolah ikan di Kabupaten Jembrana Bali. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2022 s.d Januari 2023. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, kuisioner, wawancara dan focus grup discussion (FGD). Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Penelitian dilakukan pada UMKM pengolah ikan di Kabupaten Jembrana. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT posisi UMKM pengolah ikan di Kabupaten Jembrana berada pada kuadran I sehingga strategi yang direkomendasikan adalah strategi progresif yaitu strategi untuk terus bergerak maju, melakukan ekspansi dan meraih keuntungan yang besar. Rumusan strategi yang diformulasikan untuk pengembangan UMKM Kabupaten Jembrana terbagi dalam empat strategi utama yaitu meningkatkan pembinaan usaha dari instansi terkait, meningkatkan daya saing produk, mengatur ketersediaan bahan baku, dan memperluas akses dan jaringan pemasaran. Hasil penelitian dapat dijadikan referensi bagi pemerintah daerah untuk menyusun sebuah strategi kebijakan yang mendukung pengembangan usaha dari UMKM. Title: Internal and External Factor Analysis of Fish Processing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Jembrana, Bali The limited capacity of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to perceive internal and external factors is regarded as the cause of their low marketing capability. Both of these factors affect the MSME’s ability to to implement strategic management in order to improve business performance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the internal and external factors affecting the development of fish processing MSMEs and formulate the best strategy to improve their performance in Jembrana Regency Bali. The study was conducted from November 2022 to January 2023. Data was collected through observation, kuisioner, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD). The data was analyzed using a SWOT analysis. The study focused on fish processing SMEs in Pengambengan Village, Jembrana Regency. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, the position of fish processing SMEs in Jembrana Regency is in quadrant I, so the proposed strategy is a progressive plan, that is, an approach to keep moving forward, increasing, and making large profits. The strategy developed for the growth of MSMEs in Jembrana Regency is divided into four key strategies: enhancing business development from linked agencies, increasing product competitiveness, regulating raw material availability, and expanding access and marketing networks. Results from the research can be used by local governments to develop a policy approach that promotes the growth of MSMEs.
Xbox360-Kinect: herramienta tecnológica aplicada para el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas básicas, en alumnos de segundo grado de educación básica / XBox360-Kinect: Applying a technology-based approach to support the development of basic math skills
Authors: Nieto Martinez Sandra Ivonne , Heredia Escorza Yolanda , Cannon Diaz Bertha Yvonne 
Published: January 2024

Este artículo comparte los resultados de una investigación que exploró el uso de la consola de juego Xbox360-Kinect y del videojuego Body and Brain Connection en un entorno educativo en México para fomentar el desarrollo de las habilidades de suma y resta en alumnos de 2º grado. La investigación siguió un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño cuasi experimental, en el que los participantes en el grupo experimental recibieron un tratamiento que consistió en cuatro distintas modalidades de juego del videojuego Body and Brain Connection para la consola de juego Xbox360-Kinect; en contraste, el grupo de control no fue expuesto al videojuego. El impacto del tratamiento experimental sobre las habilidades básicas de los alumnos se valoró mediante la aplicación de las sub-pruebas de suma y resta de la prueba Comprehensive Mathematical Abilities Test (CMAT). Los datos recolectados mostraron un impacto positivo, en diferente magnitud y grado, a la luz del género de los participantes como variable de análisis. Además, los alumnos con los menores puntajes en los pre-tests de suma y resta resultaron ser los más beneficiados por el tratamiento experimental. Se concluye que el uso de esta tecnología educativa promueve el desarrollo de las habilidades de suma y resta, constituyéndose como una herramienta formativa, activa, innovadora y significativa para la mejora de las habilidades matemáticas básicas de los alumnos. Abstract This article shares the findings of a study that explored the use of the Xbox360-Kinect game console and the Body and Brain Connection videogame in an educational setting in Mexico to support 2nd grade students in the development of addition and subtraction skills. The study followed a quantitative approach with a quasi- experimental design where participants in the experimental group received a treatment consisting in four different play modalities of the Body and Brain Connection videogame for the Xbox360-Kinect game console; the control group, in contrast, was not exposed to the videogame. Impact of the experimental treatment on basic math skills was measured through the addition and subtraction subtests in the Comprehensive Mathematical Abilities Test (CMAT). Data collected shows a positive impact, in different magnitude and extent, when the participants’ gender is used as an analysis variable. Furthermore, students with the lowest scores in the addition and subtraction pre-tests benefited the most from the treatment. Overall, it is concluded that the use of this educational technology supports the development of addition and subtraction skills, representing a formative, active, innovative, and meaningful tool that allows students improve their basic math skills.
La competencia digital en la formación de los futuros maestros: percepciones de los alumnos de los Grados de Maestro de la Facultad de Educación de Albacete / Digital skill in would-be teachers: perceptions from the Teacher Training Degree students
Authors: Cózar Gutiérrez Ramón , Roblizo Colmenero Manuel J. 
Published: January 2024

El artículo lleva a cabo un análisis de las actitudes y percepciones que muestran hacia la competencia digital los alumnos de 4º curso de los Grados de Maestro en Educación Infantil y de Maestro en Educación Primaria de la Facultad de Educación de Albacete. El trabajo tiene una vocación aplicada, en la medida en que, desde la plena consciencia del rol crecientemente influyente que las nuevas tecnologías desempeñan en el ámbito educativo, trata de percibir el punto de vista de las personas llamadas a ejercer la profesión docente respecto al uso, valoración y conocimiento de aquellos medios tecnológicos que, de alguna manera, son susceptibles de ser utilizados en el aula. De esta forma, los objetivos se orientan a aportar evidencias que nos permitan conocer de una manera precisa las perspectivas, opiniones y actitudes que muestran hacia las TIC los alumnos que se encuentran muy cerca de concluir sus estudios de Grado de Maestro. Específicamente, se abordan los aspectos referentes a su percepción acerca de su formación inicial en la competencia digital. Como consecuencia, se deduce una valoración de la praxis docente orientada a la formación de los futuros docentes en este campo, en la que se perciben carencias que deben ser solventadas para cubrir adecuadamente la preparación necesaria para un maestro en la sociedad de la información. Abstract The article carries out an analysis of the attitudes and perceptions that 4th Year students in Pre-school and Primary Teacher Training Education (Faculty of Education of Albacete) show towards digital skill. The research has an applied approach. Being fully conscious of the increasingly influential role of new technologies in education, it aims to perceive the viewpoint of the future teachers in relation to use, assessment and knowledge of those technological means apt to be used in the classroom. Objectives are focused on providing evidences that let us know the would-be teachers’ perspectives, opinions and attitudes towards ICT. Specifically, aspects related to their perception towards their initial training on digital competence are addressed. As a consequence, an assessment of the teaching practice, oriented to the training of professionals of education, is also provided. Through it, some shortcomings to be solved in order to fulfill the necessary training for a teacher in the society of information are perceived.
Estímulo ao Pensamento Computacional a partir da Computação Desplugada: uma proposta para Educação Infantil / Stimulus to computational thinking: a proposal for elementary school
Authors: Ribas dos Santos Elisângela , Soares Graciele , Dal Bianco Guilherme , Bernardes da Rocha Filho João , Lahm Regis Alexandre 
Published: January 2024

No Brasil, 52% das escolas não possuem acesso à Internet. Além disso, muitas das escolas que se encontram conectadas possuem baixa qualidade de conectividade. A vulnerabilidade de infraestrutura ainda é um dos principais motivos que dificultam a inserção de ferramentas tecnológicas nos planejamentos dos professores. Contudo, é possível minimizar essas dificuldades por meio de técnicas computacionais que não utilizam computadores, é a chamada Computação Desplugada. Esse estudo apresenta a possibilidade de construção de estratégias didáticas para disseminação do Pensamento Computacional entre professores da Educação Infantil, por meio das técnicas de Computação Desplugada. As estratégias são baseadas em algoritmos, sequência e depuração por meio de atividades lúdicas para alunos da Educação Infantil. Para sua implementação, foi realizada uma oficina teórico-prática com 37 professores da rede pública municipal. A proposta comprovou que a maioria dos professores ainda não tinha tido contato com o Pensamento Computacional ou com Computação Desplugada. Observou-se que, apesar de todos manifestarem interesse em novas capacitações sobre as temáticas, boa parte afirmou que provavelmente não replique tais conhecimentos em suas práticas pedagógicas. AbstractIt is estimated that approx. 52% of public schools in Brazil have no Internet connection and several of the others only have slow Internet connection. In addition, there is a lack of a physical infrastructure within schools to allow the inclusion of educational technology tools which can give teachers assistance. However, there is a means of overcoming this problem by employing techniques to teach Computer Science without computers, which is called unplugged computing. In this paper, new didactic strategies were devised for disseminating computational thinking among elementary school teachers with the aid of unplugged computing. These strategies are based on computational algorithms mapped to unplugged computing activities. We develop a theoretical-practical workshop involving 37 public school teachers to analyze and test the proposed strategies. However, it was found that although the teachers were interested to learn the new skills required for unplugged computing, most of them stated that they would probably not replicate the knowledge acquired in their teaching practice.
‘THE NUCLEAR SITING CONTROVERSY’ IN 1970S ITALY: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON GEOLOGY, NUCLEAR POWER AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE
Authors: Candela Andrea 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
For more than half a century, nuclear energy has been among the main issues of public concern, and thus of political, social as well as environmental debate. Nuclear energy has generated a long-standing controversy that began with the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki which comprise one of the most crucial turning points of contemporary history, from WWII up to the present. This paper aims to deal with a shorter period within this long and still controversial history. It focuses on the 1970s, when in Italy—as well as in the United States and Western Europe—the 1973 oil crisis made clear the need to diversify energy supply sources. As a result, national and international interest in nuclear power increased. The transition to a fully-fledged nuclear industry was to be achieved by the end of the century, with the launch of the first fast breeder reactors (FBRs). In Italy, the National Committee for Nuclear Energy (Comitato Nazionale per l’Energia Nucleare - CNEN), in agreement with the National Electricity Board (Ente Nazionale per l’Energia Elettrica - ENEL) and the newly established regional political bodies (Regional Councils), were entrusted with the task of drawing up the national map of sites suitable for nuclear facilities, and especially for nuclear power plants. The paper aims to provide an overview of the main geological issues that fueled the Italian ‘nuclear siting controversy’ during the 1970s. It focuses also on some still unpublished topics, such as those about the ENEL–CNEN Joint Study Commission for the Seismic Problems Associated with the Installation of Nuclear Plants and the drafting of a first national map of areas suitable for radioactive waste repositories. The matters under discussion here are significant because of the link with some key issues still open in contemporary debates on nuclear energy, such as planning and siting of nuclear facilities. It is also worth noting that some current global emergencies (e.g., the war in Ukraine and climate change) have brought the European, and more generally international, debate back to the urgency of energy diversification, including nuclear power in the energy generation mix. Historical analysis, although focused on particular case studies from the past, can help to better understand such a complex issue.
Compilation of a Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog and Relocations in the Caucasus Region
Authors: Godoladze Tea , Gök Rengin , Onur Tuna , Gunia Irakli , Dzmanashvili Manana , Boichenko Giorgi , Buzaladze Albert , Bondár István , Ratiani Lana , Rostomashvili Tinatin , Nabelek John , Javakhishvili Zurab , Yetirmishli Gurban , Sandvol Eric , Kadirioğlu Filiz Tuba , Chiang Andrea 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Instrumental seismic monitoring has a long history in the Caucasus and started in 1899 when the first seismograph was installed in Tbilisi, Georgia. Much of the analog paper records from this time period are preserved in the Tbilisi archives because Georgia served as the regional data center. In the 1990s, due to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the political turmoil in the region, the analog networks and the communication between the newly formed national networks deteriorated. In Georgia, for the next 13 yr, the seismic network coverage was poor until the 2002 Tbilisi earthquake. Following this earthquake, the first permanent digital seismic station in Georgia was established in Tbilisi in 2003. The digital era progressively improved the ability to collect and archive data and today more than a hundred broadband seismic stations (including temporary arrays) are operating in the southern Caucasus. Until recently, the region lacked a coordinated effort to catalog all analog and digital era data collected by different countries into a single repository. As a result of collaboration between Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the Ilia State University, and the Republican Seismic Survey Center of Azerbaijan, a comprehensive earthquake catalog was compiled for the Caucasus and neighboring areas as part of a broader probabilistic seismic hazard assessment project. This project digitized Soviet-era paper bulletins, compiled a unified earthquake catalog from regional bulletins, developed 1D reference velocity model, and used it to relocate the events. The final catalog contains 16,963 events with magnitudes 3.7 and above, bringing together all the available data sets in the Caucasus region from 1900 to 2015, significantly improving locations, and generating the most complete earthquake catalog in the region, temporally and geographically.
The War on Drugs and an Incarcerated Latina Mother: Yraida's Story
Authors: Rocha Carolina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Since the 1990s, when mandatory sentences for drug related crimes were first imposed, Blacks and Hispanics have been disproportionately given lengthier prison terms. Latinas have been especially affected by the harsh consequences of the war on drugs, as they have been detained in proportionally larger numbers. In this article, using the case of Yraida Guanipa, I explore the effects of the war on drugs on a Latina. Yraida Guanipa was the mother of two boys, aged 4 and 3 when she was sentenced in 1998 to 151 months even though she was a first-time non-violent offender. The magnitude of her sentence particularly affected her role as mother of two very young children. During five years (1998 – 2003) out of her 13-year detention, Yraida wrote to the late Illinois Senator Paul Simon (1928 – 2003). The close textual analysis of her letters provides a unique perspective on the toll of the war of drugs. Yraida's correspondence shows how she fiercely negotiated motherhood and became an activist for prison reform.