bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Gaya Belajar terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Berbasis HOTS dalam Pembelajaran IPA SD
Authors: Wijayanti Murwani Dewi , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti , Indrapangastuti Dewi 
Published: January 2024

<p>Gaya belajar merupakan suatu metode peserta didik menerima informasi dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan antara macam-macam gaya belajar berdasarkan ciri-cirinya terhadap keterampilan proses sains berbasis HOTS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mix method kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Design penelitian yang diterapkan adalah pre-experimental dengan Populasi sampel mahasiswa PGSD UNS semester V. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik terhadap gaya belajar visual, auditorial dan kinestetik dengan nilai signifikansi pretest keterampilan proses sains sebesar 32%dan nilai signifikansi posttest keterampilan proses sains sebesar 24%. Kesimpulan terdapat perbedaan gaya belajar terhadap keterampilan proses sains berbasis HOTS. Gaya belajar visual lebih menonjol dibandingkan dengan gaya belajar kinestetik dan audio. Berdasarkan Uji Kruskal Willis diperoleh nilai chi-square sebesar 6,34 dan nilai p-value 0,48. Data yang diperoleh menunjukkan p-value lebih besar dari nilai kritis pada penelitian yang besarnya 0,05. Dengan demikian tidak ada pengaruh yang berbeda secara signifikan antara gaya belajar dan hasil belajar mahasiswa PGSD.</p><div id="pip-toast"> </div>
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar IPA Pada Materi Perpindahan Kalor Terintegrasi Kearifan Lokal Bakar Batu Papua Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas V SD
Authors: Irman Muhamad , Budiarti Indah Slamet , Kusdianto Kusdianto 
Published: January 2024

Bahan ajar yang efektif adalah bahan ajar yang relevan dengan alam sekitar dan pendekatan kontekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan produk bahan ajar IPA yang terintegrasi dengan kearifan bakar batu Papua, menganalisis kelayakan produk, dan menganalisis peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu R&amp;D dengan metode Borg and Gall. Jumlah sampel 30 peserta kelas V.A dan V.C. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik <em>cluster random sampling</em>. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, angket, dan tes. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu intrumen wawancara, lembar validasi ahli media, materi dan bahasa, kuesioner, dan tes <em>pretest-posttest</em>. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil validasi ahli materi, dan ahli bahasa, dan validasi guru kategori sangat valid. Respon peserta didik pada uji kelas terbatas diperoleh kategori sangat valid, serta diperoleh peningkatan nilai. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahan ajar IPA terintegrasi kearifan lokal bakar batu Papua layak digunakan dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik.<div id="pip-toast"> </div><div id="pip-toast"> </div><div id="pip-toast"> </div>
Pengaruh Bimbingan Orang Tua Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Al-Qur’an pada Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Salim Etty Maryati , Edy Edy , Kaimudin Kaimudin , Supriyatin Supriyatin 
Published: January 2024

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan orang tua terhadap kemampuan membaca Al-Qur’an siswa SD Negeri Meruyung. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian korelasional kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu 55 orangtua dan siswa SD. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, angket, dokumentasi, tes dan wawancara. Adapun teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) bimbingan orang tua anak tinggi berjumlah 19 orang (35%), sedang berjumlah 24 orang (44%), dan rendah berjumlah 12 orang (21%); (2) kemampuan anak membaca Al-Qur’an tinggi berjumlah 12 orang (22%), sedang berjumlah 32 orang (58%), dan rendah berjumlah 11 orang (20%); serta (3) bimbingan orang tua memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan anak membaca Al-Qur’an dengan r tabel maka taraf signifikansi 5% maupun 1% yaitu 0,273 &lt; 0,992 &gt; 0,354. Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa bimbingan orang tua berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan membaca Al Qur’an.”</p><div id="pip-toast"> </div>
Long-term trends and risk factors of tracheostomy and decannulation in patients with cervical spinal cord Injury
Authors: Tong Zhao Hui , Gao Lian Jun , Gao Wei , Liu Hongwei , Liu Chang-Bin , Yang Feng , Wang Qi Min , Zhao WeiChao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Study design： Retrospective study.
Objectives： To investigate the risk factors of tracheostomy and decannulation after cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) and their epidemiological changes over the past 8 years in Beijing Bo’ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center (CRRC), China.
Setting： Beijing Bo’ai Hospital, CRRC.
Methods：We reviewed 8 years of patient data (2013.1.1 to 2020.12.31) at CRRC, focusing on those hospitalized and diagnosed with CSCI. We analyzed changes in demographic and clinical data’s trends. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors impacting tracheostomy and decannulation.
Results：Finally, 1641 CSCI patients met the inclusion criteria. Over the past 8 years, the proportion of tracheostomized patients with CSCI was 16.3%, and the proportion of successfully decannulated was 77.9%.We found that Traumatic (OR=1.8, 95%CI= 1.06,3.22;p=0.046),Motor level of injury (C5-C8) (OR=0.32, 95%CI= -1.91,-0.34;p=0.005), AIS=A/B/C (OR=22.7/11.1/4.2, 95%CI= 12.16,42.26/5.74,21.56/2.23,7.89;p<0.001/ p<0.001/ p<0.001), Age>56 (OR=1.6, 95%CI= 1.04,2.32;p=0.031) were the risk factors for tracheostomy. By analyzing the risk factors of decannulation in tracheostomized patients with TCSCI through multivariable logistic regression, statistically significant differences were found in age＞45(OR=4.1, 95%CI= 1.44,11.81; p =0.008),complete injury(OR=2.7, 95%CI= 1.26,5.95; p =0.011), facet dislocation (OR=2.8, 95%CI= 1.13,7.07; p =0.027).
Conclusions ： Recent years have witnessed shifts in the epidemiological characteristics of CSCI. Identifying the factors influencing tracheostomy and decannulation in CSCI can aid in improving patient prognosis.
Investigation of the rheological alterations in Iota carrageenan through the exchange of potassium with calcium ions.
Authors: Kailkhura Shashank , Bhatt Akanksha , purohit Priyank 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Carrageenan is a natural polymer extracted from the Red-Seaweeds that is important for the food and pharmaceutical industries. It is crucial to comprehend how the ion exchange affects the rheological properties of Iota carrageenan polymer, particular potential for gelation, which has several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The current study focuses on analyzing the rheological changes brought on by the exchange of potassium ions with calcium ions in Iota carrageenan. Due to their distinct associations with the anion component, monovalent and divalent cations both have a varied impact on the gelation property of carrageenan.
Charge compensation improves energy transfer to realize anti-thermal-quenching and improve the CaMoO4: Sm3+ phosphors optical temperature measurement sensitivity base on the FIR model
Authors: Zhu Zhi , Wu Hongyue , Hu Bo , Tang Xu , Chen BeiBei , Li Dongyi , Liang Jialin , Li Binrong , Huo Pengwei , Zhao Jun , Ma Zhongfei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Luminescent materials are the main focus of non-contact thermometers due to their high detection sensitivity, non-invasiveness, quick reaction, exceptional stability. It is still difficult to design high sensitivity optical temperature sensors using FIR technology. This article increases FIR value and obtains high sensitivity temperature sensitive phosphors by utilizing the anti-thermal-quenching effect of rare earth luminous centers. Sm3+ and alkali metal co-doped CaMoO4 phosphors have been prepared by high-temperature solid-state method. Rietveld XRD refinement results showed that the co-doping of Sm3+ and K+ can significantly improve the energy transfer from the host to Sm3+ and significantly increase the luminous intensity of Sm3+. We found that co-doping of Sm3+ and K+ not only effectively enhanced the luminescence intensity, but also regulated the lifetime of this phosphors. As the Sm3+ and K+ co-doping concentration 0.02, respectively, the τ value decreases from 4.12 to 3.54 ms, which proves to be effective in luminous of LED. The optical temperature measurement of CaMoO4: 0.001Sm3+, 0.001K+ was studied using FIR technology. The maximum SaMAX and SrMAX values are 0.27 K-1 at 483 K and 2.25% K-1 at 363 K, respectively. Moreover, the CaMoO4: 0.02Sm3+, 0.02K+ also has a certain absorption capacity in visible optical drive, which proved by UV-Vis DRS. The electronic density of states of phosphors are drawn via first-principles to understand the effect of Sm3+ and alkali metals co-doped on luminescence. The above results demonstrate that the Sm3+ and K+ co-doping CaMoO4 might be an attractive material for the application of temperature measurement and light-emitting diode.
ENABLE: App-based digital capture and intervention of patientreported quality of life, adverse events, and treatment satisfaction in breast cancer - study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Deutsch Thomas M , Volmer Léa L. , Feisst Manuel , Bodenbeck Laura , Hassdenteufel Kathrin , Le Thao Vy , Breit Christiane , Stefanovic Stefan , Bauer Armin , Anders Carolin , Weinert Lina , Engler Tobias , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Pfeifer Nico , Escher Pascal , Mausch Marc , Heinze Oliver , Suetterlin Marc , Brucker Sara Y. , Schneeweiss Andreas , Wallwiener Markus 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background:
In recent years, the treatment of breast cancer has taken the path towards personalized medicine. Based on individual tumor biology, therapy tailored to the particular subtype of cancer is increasingly being used. The aim is to find the most suitable therapy for the disease. However, the success of therapy depends to a large extent on the patient's adherence to treatment. This, in turn, depends on how the therapy is tolerated and how the treatment team cares for the patient. Patient-centered care seeks to identify and address the individual needs of each patient and to find the best form of care for that person.
Objectives:
In order to improve comprehensive oncological care of breast cancer patients, the ENABLE trial digitally records the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), adverse events (AEs), and patient satisfaction using a mobile smartphone application (app), responds individually to reported AEs, and offers assistance.
Methods:
Breast cancer patients are eligible to participate in the study before neoadjuvant, adjuvant, post-neoadjuvant, or palliative systemic therapy against breast cancer is initiated at Heidelberg, Mannheim and Tuebingen university hospitals. After 1:1 randomization into an intervention and a control arm, HRQoL assessments are performed at six fixed time points during the therapy using validated questionnaires. In the intervention group, HRQoL is also assessed briefly every week using a visual analog scale (EQ-VAS). In cases of significant deterioration, therapy-associated side effects are assessed in a graduated manner, recommendations are sent to the patient, and the treatment team is informed. Additionally, the app serves as an "eHealth companion" for education, training, and organizational support during therapy.
Results:
Recruitment started in March 2021; last visit is expected Q1 2024.
Conclusions:
Participation in the intervention arm is expected to improve treatment satisfaction, adherence, detection, and timely treatment of critical AEs. The close-meshed, weekly, brief QoL assessment will also be tested as a screening tool to detect relevant side effects during therapy. The study offers a more objective QoL assessment across treatment strategies.
Trial registration:
DRKS (German Clinical Trials Register)-ID: DRKS00025611
Ethical approval: S-658/2020
Predictive Coding explains the dynamics of neural activity within the left ventromedial temporal lobe during reading comprehension
Authors: Wang Lin , Eddine Sammer Nour , Brothers Trevor , Jensen Ole , Kuperberg Gina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Predictive coding has been proposed as a computational theory of brain function. However, there is little conclusive evidence linking it to language comprehension. We measured brain activity with magnetoencephalography during reading comprehension and simulated this activity using a predictive coding model of lexico-semantic processing. Between 300-500ms, the left ventromedial temporal lobe produced a larger N400 to unexpected than expected inputs. Our simulations showed that this could be explained by the production of lexico-semantic prediction error. To distinguish predictive coding from other frameworks that can also account for the univariate N400 effect, we carried out two multivariate analyses. First, we showed that between 300-500ms, expected words produced neural patterns that matched those that were pre-activated before the bottom-up input appeared. Our simulations showed that this could be explained by a reinstatement of item-specific lexico-semantic predictions within state units. Second, expected inputs produced consistent patterns that were distinct from those produced by unexpected inputs. Our simulations showed that this emerged from the differential activation of functionally distinct state and error units during the predictive coding algorithm. Together, these findings provide strong evidence that the left ventromedial temporal lobe employs predictive coding to infer meaning from orthographic form during reading comprehension.
Modelling the Weld Cladding Process to Predict Weld Clad Position and Shape Error
Authors: Votruba Vojtěch , Fornůsek Tomáš , Havlan Tomáš , Kratěna Tomáš , Smolík Jan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is one of the most productive metal additive manufacturing methods. One of its most promising applications holds in manufacturing of difficult-to-cut materials where production costs can be reduced with minimizing the time of machining and total tool costs. To develop a correct WAAM technological process for manufacturing complex shaped components welding torch path corrections and welding power corrections have to be made especially in critical sections such as corners and sharp edges. A predictive mathematical model of the material cladding during WAAM process has been developed for the purposes of generating an optimal toolpath of the WAAM clads. This predictive mathematical model is simplified to reflect the important physical phenomena in the weld pool but also to optimize computing time. In this paper the principle of the mathematical model is described and its functionality is verified by the welding experiments with five different welding power settings. 3D scans of welded samples are used for the verification.
Coronin 2B deficiency induces nucleolar stress and neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Chen Yu , Wu Hongjiao , Yang Yujie , Yi Wanying , Qiu Yue , Ma Shuangshuang , Xu Jinying , Fan Yingying , Chen Yuewen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The nucleolus is the critical non-membranous organelle within nuclei, which responsible for ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes. The transcription of rDNA, a rate-limiting step for ribosome biogenesis, is tightly regulated to meet the demand for global protein synthesis in response to cell physiology, especially in neurons, which undergo rapid changes in morphology and protein composition during development and synaptic plasticity. However, it is unknown how the pre-initiation complex for rDNA transcription is efficiently assembled within the nucleolus of neurons. Here, we report that the nucleolar protein coronin 2B regulates rDNA transcription and maintains nucleolar function through direct interaction with upstream binding factor (UBF), an activator of RNA polymerase I transcriptional machinery. We show that coronin 2B knockdown impairs the formation of the transcription initiation complex, inhibits rDNA transcription, destroys nucleolar integrity, and ultimately induces nucleolar stress. In turn, coronin 2B-mediated nucleolar stress leads to p53 stabilization and activation, eventually resulting in neuronal apoptosis. Thus, we identified that coronin 2B coordinates with UBF to regulate rDNA transcription and maintain proper nucleolar function in neurons.
Symmetry Breaking and Chiral Amplification in Prebiotic Ligation Reactions
Authors: Deng Min , Yu Jinhan , Blackmond Donna G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

A general rationalization of the single chirality of biological molecules, a signature of life, remains a challenging goal. 1 Research has commonly focused on initial symmetry breaking and subsequent enantioenrichment of monomeric building blocks – sugars and amino acids – that comprise the genetic polymers RNA, DNA, and peptides. If these building blocks are only partially enantioenriched, however, stalling of chain growth may occur, whimsically termed in the case of nucleic acids as “the problem of original syn”.2 In studying a novel prebiotically plausible route to proteinogenic peptides reported by Powner,3-5 we discovered that the reaction favors heterochiral ligation, i.e., the ligation of l monomers with d monomers. While this finding appears problematic for the prebiotic emergence of homochiral l-peptides, we demonstrate, paradoxically, that this heterochiral preference provides a mechanism for enantioenrichment in homochiral chains. Symmetry breaking, chiral amplification, and chirality transfer processes occur for all reactants and products in multicomponent competitive reactions even when only one of the molecules in the complex mixture exhibits an imbalance in enantiomer concentrations (non-racemic). Solubility considerations lead to chemical purification and enhanced chiral amplification. Experimental data and kinetic modeling support this prebiotically plausible mechanism for the emergence of homochiral biological polymers.
Synthesis, characterization and swelling behavior of a novel bio-adsorbent based on pectin grafted poly (acrylic acid -co- itaconic acid) hydrogels for adsorption and controlled release of ciprofloxacin
Authors: Penyan Wissam L , Jassim layth S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the current study, a novel bio-adsorbent based on pectin grafted poly (acrylic acid -co-itaconic acid) hydrogel is synthesized by free radical copolymerization using acrylic acid and itaconic acid as monomers grafted on natural pectin. N, N′-Methylenebisacrylamide is used as a crosslinking agent, and potassium persulfate as an initiator. Various techniques, such as FTIR, SEM, XRD, and TGA, were used to characterize the synthesized bio-adsorbent hydrogel. The effect of several variables on the swelling behavior of the synthesized hydrogel was examined, like cross linker amount, pectin amount, initiator amount, and monomers amount. Furthermore, the swelling process was investigated at various pH levels. In order to establish suitable adsorption conditions, several adsorption parameters were examined, such as pH, equilibrium time, adsorbent amount, and temperature. The adsorption data were examined using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models. The results showed that the adsorption is typically heterogeneous and of the multilayer type, as they were more consistent with the Freundlich model. The adsorption process is exothermic and spontaneous, according to thermodynamic parameters measured. In vitro drug release experiment results showed that after 30 hours, the CIP drug was released significantly higher in the simulated intestinal fluid (pH = 7.4) than in the simulated stomach fluid (pH = 1.2). The drug release of CIP from the hydrogel was measured at different temperatures: 30°Cand 40°C. These findings demonstrate that the hydrogel is highly efficient in ciprofloxacin adsorption and pH sensitive, making it appropriate for drug delivery in the small intestine.
NLRP1 and NLRP3 trigger inflammasome activation in CD8+ T cells of ART-treated HIV patients and contribute differently to their chronic activation
Authors: Roa Mariela Vera , Cambui Raylane Gonçalves , Yamada Suemy , Gonçalves Luis Duarte , Lara Amanda , Leal Vinicius Nunes Cordeiro , Pontillo Alessandra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chronic HIV infection leads to persistent immune activation and inflammation, which can impair the function of CD8+ T cells and their immune competence against infections and tumours. Independently from anti-retroviral treatment, in HIV patients, circulating leukocytes exhibit heightened expression of exhaustion markers and inflammasome-related genes.
This study delves into the dysregulation of the inflammasome in CD8+ T lymphocytes of HIV-infected individuals and explores its impact on cell functionality, contributing to persistent inflammation.
Our findings demonstrate that HIV CD8+ cells present a basal moderate activation of caspase-1, further increased by DPP-8/9 inhibition and TCR stimulation through activating the NLRP1/ASC and NLRP3/ASC pathways, respectively. Due to inflammasome activation, the HIV CD8+ T cells undergo GSDMD-induced pyroptosis. Compared with healthy donors’ CD8+ T cells, we observed resistance to NLRP1/caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis in HIV cells, compatible with the constitutive activation state of those cells. Moreover, the activation of the inflammasome is directly correlated with IFN-Ɣ secretion and with the expression of exhaustion markers on CD8+ T cells. Genotype-guided assays confirmed the presence of NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes in CD8+ T cells and revealed differential activation in HIV patients.
In summary, we confirmed the presence of NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes in CD8+ T cells. We addressed how they are differentially activated in HIV patients, suggesting the inflammasome as a potential novel therapeutic target for HIV-related chronic inflammation. Keywords: HIV, CD8+ lymphocytes, inflammasome, pyroptosis, NLRP3, NLRP1, CARD8.
The Impact of Intergenerational Support on Mental Health among Young Rural Women
Authors: Liu Ting , Tian Yuhe , Yang Jie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Intergenerational support is an essential source of psychological support for young rural women that impacts women's mental health.
Methods: In 2017, data were collected from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), and an ordered logit regression model was used to analyze the impact of intergenerational economic support, intergenerational care support, and intergenerational emotional support on the mental health of young rural women.
Results: The findings of the present research indicated that intergenerational economic support and intergenerational emotional support had positive effects on the mental health of young rural women. The mental health of young rural women who frequently received economic and emotional support from their parents was much better than that of young rural women who did not. However, intergenerational care support did not correlate with young rural women’s mental health. Furthermore, the logic behind the role of intergenerational economic support was the compensatory mechanism. Due to its low cost and high utility, intergenerational emotional support was proven to have more significant positive impacts than intergenerational economic support. The results of the heterogeneity analysis illustrated that intergenerational economic support and emotional support mainly promoted the mental health of young rural women from middle-income families.
Conclusions: This study provides support for the following arguments: improving rural parents' capacity to provide intergenerational support, lowering the cost of intergenerational support, and facilitating the matching of intergenerational support needs and supply are vital.