bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between prognosis and lymph node status using 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with esophagectomy post‐neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Ohsawa Manato , Hamai Yoichi , Emi Manabu , Ibuki Yuta , Kurokawa Tomoaki , Yoshikawa Toru , Hirohata Ryosuke , Kitasaki Nao , Okada Morihito 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere are few reports on the associations between lymph node (LN) status, determined by preoperative 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET), and prognosis in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who underwent esophagectomy post‐neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). Additionally, details on the diagnostic performance of LN metastasis determination based on pathological examination versus FDG‐PET have not been reported. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the associations among LN status using FDG‐PET, LN status based on pathological examination, and prognosis in patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent esophagectomy post‐NCT.MethodsWe reviewed the data of 124 consecutive patients with ESCC who underwent esophagectomy with R0 resection post‐NCT between December 2008 and August 2022 and were evaluated pre‐ and post‐NCT using FDG‐PET. The associations among LN status using FDG‐PET, LN status based on pathological examination, and prognosis were assessed.ResultsStation‐by‐station analysis of PET‐positive LNs pre‐ and post‐NCT correlated significantly with pathological LN metastases (sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy pre‐ and post‐NCT: 51.6%, 96.0%, and 92.1%; and 28.2%, 99.5%, and 93.1%, respectively; both p < 0.0001). Using univariate and multivariate analyses, LN status determined using PET post‐NCT was a significant independent predictor of both recurrence‐free survival and overall survival.ConclusionThe LN status assessed using FDG‐PET post‐NCT was significantly associated with the pathological LN status and prognosis in patients with ESCC who underwent esophagectomy post‐NCT. Therefore, FDG‐PET is a useful diagnostic tool for preoperatively predicting pathological LN metastasis and survival in these patients and could provide valuable information for selecting individualized treatment strategies.
Boundary correlators and the Schwarzian mode
Authors: Daguerre Lucas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The effective low temperature dynamics of near-extremal black holes is governed by the quantum fluctuations of the Schwarzian mode of JT gravity. Utilizing as a proxy a planar charged black hole in asymptotically Anti-de-Sitter spacetime, we investigate the effects of these fluctuations on a probe scalar field. The corresponding holographic real-time boundary correlators are computed following a holographic renormalization procedure, using the dubbed gravitational Schwinger-Keldysh geometry (grSK) and known exact results of boundary correlators from the near-horizon region. This analysis gives rise to a retarded Green’s function that decays as a power law for late Lorentzian times. Its analytic structure indicates the presence of a branch cut in the complex frequency domain at finite temperature. These features are a non-perturbative hallmark that prevails as long as the planar transverse space is kept compact.
Soft theorem to three loops in QCD and $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 super Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Chen Wen , Luo Ming-xing , Yang Tong-Zhi , Zhu Hua Xing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The soft theorem states that scattering amplitude in gauge theory with a soft gauge-boson emission can be factorized into a hard scattering amplitude and a soft factor. In this paper, we present calculations of the soft factor for processes involving two hard colored partons, up to three loops in QCD. To accomplish this, we developed a systematic method for recursively calculating relevant Feynman integrals using the Feynman-Parameter representation. Our results constitute an important ingredient for the subtraction of infrared singularities at N4LO in perturbative QCD. Using the principle of leading transcendentality between QCD and $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills theory, we determine the soft factor in the latter case to three loops with full-color dependence. As a by-product, we also obtain the finite constant $$ {f}_2^{(3)} $$

f
2

3

in the Bern-Dixon-Smirnov ansatz analytically, which was previously known numerically only.
The Maximum Number of Cliques in Graphs with Bounded Odd Circumference
Authors: Lv Zequn , Győri Ervin , He Zhen , Salia Nika , Xiao Chuanqi , Zhu Xiutao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, we give the sharp upper bound for the number of cliques in graphs with bounded odd circumferences. This generalized Turán-type result is an extension of the celebrated Erdős and Gallai theorem and a strengthening of Luo’s recent result. The same bound for graphs with bounded even circumferences is a trivial application of the theorem of Li and Ning.
Update der Point-of-care-basierten Gerinnungstherapie
Authors: Schmitt Felix C. F. , Schöchl Herbert , Brün Kathrin , Kreuer Sascha , Schneider Sven , Hofer Stefan , Weber Christian F. 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungPoint-of-care(POC)-taugliche viskoelastische Testverfahren (VET) sind im klinischen Einsatz weitverbreitet. Aufgrund des erweiterten Spektrums an verfügbaren Geräten und insbesondere durch die Entwicklung neuer Testansätze bzw. -methoden ist aus Sicht der Autoren ein Update der aktuellen Behandlungsalgorithmen notwendig. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, einen Überblick sowohl über die aktuell verfügbaren VET-Geräte als auch über die dazugehörigen Reagenzien zu vermitteln. Darüber hinaus werden 2 Therapiealgorithmen für die am häufigsten im deutschsprachigen Raum eingesetzten VET-Geräte vorgestellt.
„Schwierige“ Patient:innen – Vestibularisdiagnostik unter erschwerten Bedingungen: Teil 2
Authors: Dlugaiczyk Julia 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungPatient:innen mit dem Leitsymptom „Schwindel“ stellen häufig eine diagnostische Herausforderung für die betreuenden Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Ärzt:innen dar. Während im ersten Teil dieser Fortbildungsreihe der Fokus auf der Anamnese und klinisch-neurootologischen Untersuchung lag, behandelt der vorliegende zweite Teil wichtige Aspekte der „schwierigen“ apparativen Vestibularisprüfung, insbesondere: Indikationsstellung, Lösungsansätze bei eingeschränkter Kooperationsfähigkeit der Patient:innen, Auswahl der vestibulären Tests in Abhängigkeit von Komorbiditäten, Interpretation von diskrepanten Befunden aus einzelnen Teiluntersuchungen. Des Weiteren wird dargelegt, welche Schlussfolgerungen aus einer normwertigen Vestibularisprüfung gezogen werden können (und welche nicht) und wie dieses Ergebnis den Patient:innen erläutert werden kann.
Cue-exposure treatment influences resting-state functional connectivity—a randomized controlled fMRI study in alcohol use disorder
Authors: Farré-Colomés Àlvar , Tan Haoye , Gerhardt Sarah , Gerchen Martin Fungisai , Kirsch Martina , Hoffmann Sabine , Kirsch Peter , Kiefer Falk , Vollstädt-Klein Sabine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Rationale
Cue-exposure therapy (CET) consists of exposing patients to the cause of their affliction in a controlled environment and after psychological preparation. Ever since it was conceived, it has been suggested as a treatment for different types of behavioural impairments, from anxiety disorders to substance abuse. In the field of addictive behaviour, many different findings have been shown regarding the effectiveness of this therapy.

Objectives
This study aims to examine the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of the effects of CET in patients with alcohol use disorder using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).

Methods
In a randomized, controlled study, we examined patients after inpatient detoxification as well as healthy controls. Patients underwent nine sessions of CET spaced over 3 weeks. Rs-fMRI was conducted before treatment and 3 weeks after treatment onset in patients, healthy controls received only one rs-fMRI measurement. The final participant sample with complete data included 35 patients in the CET group, 17 patients in the treatment-as-usual group, and 43 HCs.

Results
Our results show differences in the Salience Network when comparing the CET group to the treatment-as-usual group (TAU). Functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate Cortex (ACC) and the insula was increased after CET, whereas it was decreased from ACC to the putamen and globus pallidus. Further, increased connectivity with the precuneus was found in the dorsal attention network after cue exposure treatment.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that cue exposure therapy changes the resting-state brain connectivity with additional effects to the standard psychotherapy treatment. Hence, our study results suggest why including CET in standard therapies might improve the preparation of patients in front of daily situations.
Transformative shifts in dough and bread structure with pumpkin seed protein concentrate enrichment
Authors: Galenko Oleg , Shevchenko Anastasiia , Ceccanti Costanza , Mignani Chiara , Litvynchuk Svitlana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPumpkin seed protein concentrate, a promising raw material with high biological value, holds potential for incorporation into bread technology. Protein structural changes occur during the bread-making process. This study aimed to investigate how pumpkin seed protein concentrate incorporated at different concentrations (5, 10, and 20%) affected the structural, mechanical properties, and conformational changes in protein substances within dough and bread made from wheat flour, utilizing near-infrared reflection spectroscopy. The gas- and shape-holding capacities of dough enriched and unenriched by pumpkin seed protein concentrate resulted similar. This aspect is important for the impact of the final product as bread on the consumers. The near-infrared reflection spectroscopy analysis revealed that the enrichment of bread with pumpkin seed protein concentrate not only introduced higher protein and unsaturated fat content in bread but also reduced the level of lignin, enhancing the digestibility of the final product. A deeper investigation into the nutraceutical and nutritional value of this enriched bread as well as of physio-chemical features investigated in the present work could be useful for the introduction of a new functional food in the market. Moreover, the enriched bread was acceptable in terms of sensory quality analysis, especially using 10% pumpkin seed protein concentrate. Therefore, to better understand the market potentiality of the enriched bread proposed in this study, future research should investigate how consumer acceptability could increase with a higher concentration of nutritional components perceived as beneficial for a lifestyle by specific consumer segments.
Feeding rates and carbon and nitrogen partitioning in crown-of-thorns sea star larvae (Acanthaster cf. solaris) during development
Authors: Patel Frances , Zeng Chaoshu , Logan Murray , Uthicke Sven 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCrown-of-thorns sea star (CoTS; Acanthaster cf. solaris) outbreaks are a significant cause of coral decline. Enhanced food supply for the larvae via eutrophication is implicated as a cause of outbreaks, yet larval feeding ecology is poorly understood. In this study, feeding experiments were carried out at two algal food concentrations of 1000 cells mL−1 (~ 1.52 µg chl a L−1) and 3000 cells mL−1 (~ 4.56 µg chl a L−1) across six successive larval stages to investigate the effect of food concentration on filtration rate and ingestion rate for these stages. Filtration rate increased with larval stage and more than tripled from 127 ± 32 µL larva−1 h−1 (mean ± SE) of the youngest (2–3 dpf) larvae to 497 ± 109 µL larva−1 h−1 at late brachiolaria stage (9–10 dpf). Ingestion rate increased with food concentration and larval age, with advanced brachiolaria larvae consuming 313.5 ± 39.1 cells larva−1 h−1 in the higher algal food treatment. Organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) measured in larvae and their food indicated that the youngest feeding larvae ingested 13% their body carbon content daily, with that number almost doubling to 24% by advanced bipinnaria stage. The C/N ratio decreased sharply for brachiolaria larvae, reflecting developmental changes and greater dependence on exogenous nutrition. These results add to our understanding of the role food concentration plays in the growth and survivorship of CoTS larvae in the field.
Singular Yamabe problem for scalar flat metrics on the sphere
Authors: Karakhanyan Aram L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLet $$\Omega $$
Ω
be a domain on the unit n-sphere $$ {\mathbb {S}}^n$$

S

n

and $$ \overset{{\,}_\circ }{g}$$

g

∘

the standard metric of $${\mathbb {S}}^n$$

S

n

, $$n\ge 3$$

n
≥
3

. We show that there exists a conformal metric g with vanishing scalar curvature $$R(g)=0$$

R
(
g
)
=
0

such that $$(\Omega , g)$$

(
Ω
,
g
)

is complete if and only if the Bessel capacity $${\mathcal {C}}_{\alpha , q}({\mathbb {S}}^n\setminus \Omega )=0$$

C

α
,
q

(

S

n

\
Ω
)

=
0

, where $$\alpha =1+\frac{2}{n}$$

α
=
1
+

2
n

and $$q=\frac{n}{2}$$

q
=

n
2

. Our analysis utilizes some well known properties of capacity and Wolff potentials, as well as a version of the Hopf–Rinow theorem for the divergent curves.
Evaluation of the quality and the productivity of neuroradiological reading of multiple sclerosis follow-up MRI scans using an intelligent automation software
Authors: Federau Christian , Hainc Nicolin , Edjlali Myriam , Zhu Guangming , Mastilovic Milica , Nierobisch Nathalie , Uhlemann Jan-Philipp , Paganucci Silvio , Granziera Cristina , Heinzlef Olivier , Kipp Lucas B. , Wintermark Max 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The assessment of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is tedious, time-consuming, and error-prone. Automation of low-level tasks could enhance the radiologist in this work. We evaluate the intelligent automation software Jazz in a blinded three centers study, for the assessment of new, slowly expanding, and contrast-enhancing MS lesions.

Methods
In three separate centers, 117 MS follow-up MRIs were blindly analyzed on fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), pre- and post-gadolinium T1-weighted images using Jazz by 2 neuroradiologists in each center. The reading time was recorded. The ground truth was defined in a second reading by side-by-side comparison of both reports from Jazz and the standard clinical report. The number of described new, slowly expanding, and contrast-enhancing lesions described with Jazz was compared to the lesions described in the standard clinical report.

Results
A total of 96 new lesions from 41 patients and 162 slowly expanding lesions (SELs) from 61 patients were described in the ground truth reading. A significantly larger number of new lesions were described using Jazz compared to the standard clinical report (63 versus 24). No SELs were reported in the standard clinical report, while 95 SELs were reported on average using Jazz. A total of 4 new contrast-enhancing lesions were found in all reports. The reading with Jazz was very time efficient, taking on average 2min33s ± 1min0s per case. Overall inter-reader agreement for new lesions between the readers using Jazz was moderate for new lesions (Cohen kappa = 0.5) and slight for SELs (0.08).

Conclusion
The quality and the productivity of neuroradiological reading of MS follow-up MRI scans can be significantly improved using the dedicated software Jazz.
Sensor system for analysis of biofilm sensitivity to ampicillin
Authors: Guliy Olga I. , Evstigneeva Stella S. , Shirokov Alexander A. , Bunin Victor D. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The resistance of biofilms to antibiotics is a key factor that makes bacterial infections unsusceptible to antimicrobial therapy. The results of classical tests of cell sensitivity to antibiotics cannot be used to predict therapeutic success in infections associated with biofilm formation. We describe a simple and rapid method for the real-time evaluation of bacterial biofilm sensitivity to antibiotics, with Pseudomonas putida and ampicillin as examples. The method uses an electric biosensor to detect the difference between changes in the biofilm electric polarizability, thereby evaluating antibiotic sensitivity. The electric signals showed that P. putida biofilms were susceptible to ampicillin and that at high antibiotic concentrations, the biofilms differed markedly in their susceptibility (dose-dependent effect). The sensor also detected differences between biofilms before and after ampicillin treatment. The electric-signal changes enabled us to describe the physical picture of the processes occurring in bacterial biofilms in the presence of ampicillin. The approach used in this study is promising for evaluating the activity of various compounds against biofilms, because it permits a conclusion about the antibiotic sensitivity of biofilm bacteria to be made in real time and in a short period (analysis time, not longer than 20 min). An added strong point is that analysis can be done directly in liquid, without preliminary sample preparation.

Key points
• Sensor system to analyze biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility is described.
• The signal change depended on the ampicillin concentration (dose-dependent effect).
• The sensor allows real-time determination of the antibiofilm effect of ampicillin.
Genomic classification and outcomes of young patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia according to the presence of splanchnic vein thrombosis and its chronology
Authors: Garrote Marta , López-Guerra Mónica , García-Pagán Juan Carlos , Arellano-Rodrigo Eduardo , Ferrer-Marín Francisca , Hernández-Boluda Juan Carlos , Bellosillo Beatriz , Nomdedeu Meritxell , Hernández-Gea Virginia , Triguero Ana , Guijarro Francesca , Álamo José , Baiges Anna , Turon Fanny , Colomer Dolors , Cervantes Francisco , Alvarez-Larrán Alberto 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo elucidate the role of splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) and genomic characteristics in prognosis and survival, we compared patients with polycythemia vera (PV) or essential thrombocythemia (ET) presenting SVT at diagnosis (n = 69, median age 43 years) or during follow-up (n = 21, median age 46 years) to a sex- and age-matched control group of PV/ET without SVT (n = 165, median age 48 years). The majority of patients presenting with SVT at diagnosis were classified as myeloproliferative neoplasm with heterozygous JAK2 mutation (87% of cases vs. 69% in PV/ET control group, p < 0.05), characterized by low JAK2 allele burden and no high-risk mutations. Despite this lower molecular complexity, patients presenting with SVT showed a higher risk of death (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.5-6.0, p = 0.003) and lower event-free survival (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.9–4.8, p < 0.001) than age- and sex-matched PV/ET controls. In patients presenting with SVT, molecular high-risk was associated with increased risk of venous re-thrombosis (HR 5.8, 95% CI 1.4–24.0, p = 0.01). Patients developing SVT during follow-up were more frequently allocated in molecular high-risk than those with SVT at diagnosis (52% versus 13%, p < 0.05). In the whole cohort of patients, molecular classification identified PV/ET patients at higher risk of disease progression whereas DNMT3A/TET2/ASXL1 mutations were associated with higher risk of arterial thrombosis. In conclusion, clinical and molecular characteristics are different in PV/ET patients with SVT, depending on whether it occurs at diagnosis or at follow-up. Molecular characterization by NGS is useful for assessing the risk of thrombosis and disease progression in young patients with PV/ET.
Immersive haptic simulation for training nurses in emergency medical procedures
Authors: Gutiérrez-Fernández Alexis , Fernández-Llamas Camino , Vázquez-Casares Ana M. , Mauriz Elba , Riego-del-Castillo Virginia , John Nigel W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe use of haptic simulation for emergency procedures in nursing training presents a viable, versatile and affordable alternative to traditional mannequin environments. In this paper, an evaluation is performed in a virtual environment with a head-mounted display and haptic devices, and also with a mannequin. We focus on a chest decompression, a life-saving invasive procedure used for trauma-associated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (and other causes) that every emergency physician and/or nurse needs to master. Participants’ heart rate and blood pressure were monitored to measure their stress level. In addition, the NASA Task Load Index questionnaire was used. The results show the approved usability of the VR environment and that it provides a higher level of immersion compared to the mannequin, with no statistically significant difference in terms of cognitive load, although the use of VR is perceived as a more difficult task.
We can conclude that the use of haptic-enabled virtual reality simulators has the potential to provide an experience as stressful as the real one while training in a safe and controlled environment.
Clinically relevant molecular hallmarks of PFA ependymomas display intratumoral heterogeneity and correlate with tumor morphology
Authors: Gödicke Swenja , Kresbach Catena , Ehlert Max , Obrecht Denise , Altendorf Lea , Hack Karoline , von Hoff Katja , Carén Helena , Melcher Viktoria , Kerl Kornelius , Englinger Bernhard , Filbin Mariella , Pajtler Kristian W. , Gojo Johannes , Pietsch Torsten , Rutkowski Stefan , Schüller Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPosterior fossa type A (PF-EPN-A, PFA) ependymoma are aggressive tumors that mainly affect children and have a poor prognosis. Histopathology shows significant intratumoral heterogeneity, ranging from loose tissue to often sharply demarcated, extremely cell-dense tumor areas. To determine molecular differences in morphologically different areas and to understand their clinical significance, we analyzed 113 PF-EPN-A samples, including 40 corresponding relapse samples. Cell-dense areas ranged from 0 to 100% of the tumor area and displayed a higher proportion of proliferating tumor cells (p < 0.01). Clinically, cell density was associated with poor progression-free and overall survival (pPFS = 0.0026, pOS < 0.01). Molecularly, tumor areas with low and high cell density showed diverging DNA methylation profiles regarding their similarity to distinct previously discovered PF-EPN-A subtypes in 9/21 cases. Prognostically relevant chromosomal changes at 1q and 6q showed spatial heterogeneity within single tumors and were significantly enriched in cell-dense tumor areas as shown by single-cell RNA (scRNA)-sequencing as well as copy number profiling and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses of different tumor areas. Finally, spatial transcriptomics revealed cell-dense areas of different tumors to be more similar than various different areas of the same tumor. High-density areas distinctly overexpressed genes encoding histone proteins, WNT5A, TGFB1, or IGF2. Relapsing tumors displayed a higher proportion of cell-dense areas (p = 0.036), a change in PF-EPN-A methylation subtypes (13/32 patients), and novel chromosome 1q gains and 6q losses (12/32 cases) compared to corresponding primary tumors. Our data suggest that PF-EPN-A ependymomas habor a previously unrecognized intratumoral heterogeneity with clinical implications, which has to be accounted for when selecting diagnostic material, inter alia, by histological evaluation of the proportion of cell-dense areas.