bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of isolated and chemically modified dietary fiber on bakery products: Current knowledge and future directions
Authors: Sempio Rebecca , Sahin Aylin W. , Walter Jens , Arendt Elke K. , Zannini Emanuele 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDietary fiber (DF) plays a crucial role in promoting human health and preventing diseases. However, the average intake of fiber falls short of the recommended levels in affluent populations, largely due to the overconsumption of high‐energetic foods. Fortification of widely consumed foods with fiber can help address such population deficiencies.FindingsAlthough fiber fortification can affect product quality, it offers practical advantages such as gelling, thickening, and water‐binding properties. This review focuses on the impact of isolated fiber ingredients, including arabinoxylan, β‐glucan, cellulose, resistant starch, and pectin, on bakery products, and fiber quantification methods to ensure accuracy and comparability in research. The structural interactions of DF during processing, sensory evaluation, and health implications are discussed. Alternative/novel fiber sources are explored as a strategic approach to enhance product attributes.ConclusionsConsiderable research has focused on individual fibers, but little is known about the synergistic effects of combining multiple fiber ingredients.Significance and NoveltyCombining different fibers in food products could optimize their nutritional profile and enhance ingredients' performance in the food matrix.
Evaluating the quality of soy residue‐supplemented Korean traditional rice wine and its lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Kim Jisuk , Kim Sea Hun , Kim Yookyung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTraditional Korean rice wine (makgeolli), contains various microorganisms, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This study investigated the utilization of biji, a by‐product of soy processing, as a substitute for rice in makgeolli fermentation. We evaluated the functional properties of biji‐makgeolli and examined the probiotic properties of LAB isolated from it.FindingsBiji‐makgeolli exhibited lower sugar and alcohol contents and higher pH and acidity than 100% rice makgeolli (control). Moreover, biji‐makgeolli displayed higher total viable cells (5.54–6.32 log CFU/g), yeast (4.23–6.59 log CFU/g), and LAB (5.44–6.48 log CFU/g) than control (5.26, 2.59, and 5.23 log CFU/g), which increased with biji addition. Furthermore, biji‐makgeolli showed higher total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity, increasing with biji addition. Three LAB strains were isolated from makgeolli, identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus)‐KX886792 in control (CW) and P. pentosaceus‐KX886790 (RW), and Lactobacillus coryniformis (RM) in 50% biji replaced makgeolli. All groups (CW, RW, and RM) survived exposure to pH 3 for 3 h and 0.3% bile salts for 24 h and exhibited the ability to adhere to HT‐29 cells. RW (20.7%) and RM (27.5%) showed antioxidant effects, having higher ABTS+ values than CW (7.5%). The expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐8 was significantly suppressed in RW and RM compared with that in CW. RW and RM showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Additionally, RM was active against Staphylococcus aureus and exhibited a cholesterol‐lowering effect.ConclusionsBiji enhances the antioxidant capacity of makgeolli, and LAB isolated from biji‐makgeolli exhibit potential probiotic properties.Significance and NoveltyBiji is a potential additive for producing plant‐derived LAB in makgeolli and developing functional foods.
Rational Design of Electrocatalysts for Water Oxidation Reaction: Inspiration from Photosystem II
Authors: Li Hanxi , Lang Feifan , Liu Ming , Zhang Xinghao , Yang Di , Zhang Jijie , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo address the ever‐increasing societal demand for clean energy, electrocatalytic water splitting has attracted considerable interest for the efficient production of H2 and O2. However, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is inherently sluggish and poses a significant challenge to the overall water splitting process. As a result, extensive research efforts have been dedicated to pursuing various approaches in developing efficient electrocatalysts for water oxidation. The oxygen‐evolving center (OEC) of Photosystem II (PS II) is a natural model giving the prominent reference. Hence, this review discusses recent advances in the design of artificial electrocatalyst inspired by PS II. The discussion begins with a brief introduction to the fundamentals of electrocatalytic water oxidation and PS II. Subsequently, the progress of the novel electrocatalysts inspired by PS II is presented in the following two aspects: engineering various transition metal clusters to mimic the inorganic metal cluster of OEC (Mn4O5Ca), and utilizing different ligands to simulate the protein and amino acid environment around [Mn4O5Ca]. In addition to outlying the structures, catalytic activities, and corresponding mechanisms of these prepared catalysts, this present review concludes by proposing several effective development perspectives to this emerging field that warrant further investigation.
The Role of Solvated Electrons in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Paronen Mikael , Abdelhamid Muhammad E. , Johansson Patrik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDirect methanol fuel cells, DMFCs, have for long been considered as a superior alternative to rechargeable batteries for various portable applications with respect to significantly higher theoretical power densities and faster recharging by simply filling up with new liquid fuel. In reality, however, DMFCs so far have much low power densities, suffer from high fuel losses, and require extremely expensive catalysts at high loadings. Here we show that an until now not considered process at the DMFC electrodes may cause these severe losses in performance. The process is that electrons generated at nano‐structured catalyst loaded electrodes become solvated into the surrounding electrolyte. Taking this new process and resulting reaction mechanism(s) fully into account, material and catalyst/electrode design should be reconsidered to realize the true potential of DMFCs.
Anion Tuned Structural Modulation and Nonlinear Optical Effects of Metal‐Ion Directed 310‐Helix Networks
Authors: Roy Souvik , Chaturvedi Aman , Dey Sanjit , Puneeth Kumar DRGKoppalu R. , Pahan Saikat , Panda Mahapatra Souvik , Mandal Pankaj , Gopi Hosahudya N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMetals play an important role in the structure and functions of various proteins. The combination of metal ions and peptides have been emerging as an attractive field to create advanced structures and biomaterials. Here, we are reporting the anion‐influenced, silver ion coordinated diverse networks of designed short tripeptide 310‐helices with terminal pyridyl groups. The short peptides adopted classical right‐handed, left‐handed and 310EL‐helical conformations in the presence of different silver salts. The peptides have displayed conformational flexibility to accommodate different sizes and interactions of anions to yield a variety of metal‐coordinated networks. The complexes of metal ions and peptides have shown different porous networks, right‐ and left‐handed helical polymers, transformation of helix into superhelix and 2 : 2 metal‐peptide macrocycles. Further, the metal‐peptide crystals with inherent dipoles of helical peptides gave striking second harmonic generation response. The optical energy upconversion from NIR to red and green light is demonstrated. Overall, we have shown the utilization of short 310‐helices for the construction of diverse metal‐coordinated helical networks and notable non‐linear optical effects.
Diabetic severity and oncological outcomes of colorectal cancer following curative resection: A population‐based cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Hsin‐Yin , Chern Yih‐Jong , Hsu Min‐Shu , Yeh Tzu‐Lin , Tsai Ming‐Chieh , Jhuang Jing‐Rong , Hwang Lee‐Ching , Chiang Chun‐Ju , Lee Wen‐Chung , Chien Kuo‐Liong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough diabetes is a poor prognostic factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), whether diabetes severity provides an additional predictive value for CRC prognosis remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the prognostic differences after curative CRC resection among patients with different diabetic severities.MethodsThis population‐based retrospective cohort study analyzed data registered between 2007 and 2015 in the Cancer Registry Database, which is linked to the National Health Insurance Research Database and National Death Registry. Patients with CRC who underwent curative radical resection for stage I–III disease were evaluated, with their diabetic status subdivided into no diabetes, diabetes without complication, and diabetes with complications. Cox regressions were applied to determine the association between diabetes severity and CRC survival, including overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), time to recurrence, and cancer‐specific survival (CSS).ResultsA total of 59,202 patients with CRC were included. Compared with the no diabetes group, the diabetes without complication group has insignificantly worse OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.09), DFS (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.04–1.12), and CSS (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.93–1.03), whereas those with complicated diabetes had a significantly higher risk of poor survival (OS: HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.78–1.92; DFS: HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.69–1.82; CSS: HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.33–1.49). Patients with CRC and diabetes also had a higher risk of recurrence than did those without diabetes. Sex and TNM staging were important effect modifiers.ConclusionsAmong patients with CRC who undergo curative resection, the severity of the diabetes is inversely correlated with long‐term outcomes, especially in women and patients in the earlier stages of CRC.Plain Language Summary

The prognostic impact of diabetes severity in colorectal cancer (CRC) is yet to be clarified.
In this cohort study of 59,202 patients with CRC, compared with patients with CRC and without diabetes, those with uncomplicated diabetes had an insignificantly worse CRC survival, whereas those with complicated diabetes had a significantly higher risk of poor survival.
Multidisciplinary medical care to prevent progression into diabetes with complications is needed to improve survival among patients with CRC and diabetes.
Synthesis of an Ortho‐Functionalized Tetrafluorinated Azobenzene Phosphoramidite for Incorporation into a Tetrafluorinated Azobenzene‐Containing siRNA for Photocontrolled Gene Silencing
Authors: Hammill Matthew L. , Tsubaki Kouta , Kitamura Mitsuru , Okauchi Tatsuo , Desaulniers Jean‐Paul 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article presents the detailed synthesis and characterization protocols for an ortho‐functionalized tetrafluorinated azobenzene containing siRNA, which has photoswitchable properties. To design this tetrafluorinated azobenzene scaffold, several synthetic steps are performed to generate a symmetrical tetrafluorinated azobenzene diol. This diol is treated with dimethoxytrityl chloride (DMT‐Cl) to protect one of the alcohols. Next, the DMT‐protected tetrafluorinated monoalcohol is phosphitylated to afford the DMT‐phosphoramidite building block used for solid‐phase synthesis.This paper also contains the detailed biophysical characterization, biological testing, and photo‐switching protocols of an ortho‐functionalized fluorinated azobenzene containing siRNA (F‐siRNA), which has photoswitchable properties that can be controlled with visible light. First, the F‐siRNA was characterized by annealing the sense and antisense strands together and then measuring the circular dichroism (CD) profile and melting temperature (Tm) of the duplexes. Second, biological testing of the F‐siRNA is performed in cell culture to determine their gene silencing efficacy. Finally, their gene‐silencing activities are measured after exposure to green light to inactivate the F‐siRNA, followed by blue light, which reactivates the F‐siRNA. The F‐siRNA can be kept inactive for up to 72 hr and reactivated at any time within this 72‐hr window. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Upregulation of LINC00501 by H3K27 acetylation facilitates gastric cancer metastasis through activating epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis
Authors: Dou Rongzhang , Han Lei , Yang Chaogang , Fang Yan , Zheng Jinsen , Liang Chenxi , Song Jialin , Wei Chen , Huang Guoquan , Zhong Panyi , Liu Keshu , Peng Qian , Peng Chunwei , Xiong Bin , Wang Shuyi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe molecular mechanism of the significant role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) remains largely elusive. Our objective is to detect overexpressed lncRNA in GC and investigate its role in promoting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and tumour microenvironment remodel.MethodsLncRNA differential expression profile in GC was analysed using RNA microarrays. The level of LINC00501 was evaluated in both GC patient tissues and GC cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and large‐scale (n = 304) tissue microarray. To explore the biological role and regulatory driver of LINC00501 in GC, various experimental techniques including Chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, dual luciferase assays were performed.ResultsClinically, it was observed that LINC00501 level was abnormal overexpression in GC tissue and was associated with GC progression and distant metastasis. Gain and loss molecular biological experiments suggested that LINC00501, promoted EMT process and angiogenesis of GC. Mechanically, the enrichment of H3K27 acetylation in LINC00501 promoter region contributed to the increase of LINC00501 in GC. LINC00501 transactivated transcription of SLUG, by recruiting hnRNPR to its promoter. The growth of GC was inhibited both in vitro and in vivo by suppressing the level of LINC00501 using pharmacological intervention from the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitor ‐C646.ConclusionsThis study suggests that LINC00501 promotes GC progression via hnRNPR/SLUG pathway, which indicates a promising biomarker and target for GC.
Long‐term efficacy and safety of adjunctive perampanel in patients from the Asia‐Pacific region with refractory focal‐onset seizures in Study 335 open‐label extension
Authors: Nishida Takuji , Lee Sang Kun , Inoue Yushi , Saeki Kazunori , Ishikawa Kohei , Malhotra Manoj , Patten Anna , Kaneko Sunao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term efficacy, safety, and tolerability of adjunctive perampanel for the treatment of patients with refractory focal‐onset seizures (FOS), with or without focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTCS), from the Asia‐Pacific region.MethodsStudy 335 (NCT01618695) was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, Phase III study. Patients aged ≥12 years with refractory FOS who completed the Core Study could enter an open‐label extension (OLEx) Phase (6‐week Conversion and ≥46‐week Maintenance Period). Endpoints included median percent reduction in seizure frequency per 28 days, 50% responder and seizure‐freedom rates, and treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs).ResultsThe Intent‐to‐Treat Analysis Set included 704 patients (529 received perampanel and 175 received placebo during the Core Study; all patients received perampanel during OLEx). The median percent reduction in seizure frequency and 50% responder rates in patients who received perampanel during the Core Study were maintained throughout the OLEx Phase (Week 64–75: 55.9% and 54.3%, respectively). Seizure freedom for ≥12 consecutive months at any time during perampanel treatment was achieved by 4.1% of patients with FOS and 14.2% of patients with FBTCS. Among patients treated with perampanel 4 mg/day (n = 83), median reduction in seizure frequency was lower in those who received concomitant enzyme‐inducing anti‐seizure medications (EIASMs) than those who received non‐EIASMs. The most common TEAE was dizziness (n = 318; 46.8%); 141 (20.8%) patients had TEAEs that led to study/drug withdrawal.SignificanceOverall, long‐term seizure control was achieved with adjunctive perampanel in patients with refractory FOS, with or without FBTCS, in an Asia‐Pacific population.
Enhanced magnetic relaxation switching immunoassay for chlorpyrifos based on tyramine signal amplification
Authors: Zhan Chen , Wu Long , Dong Yongzhen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChlorpyrifos, an organophosphorus pesticide, is widely used in agriculture to protect crops from insects. However, the presence of its residues in food has caused widespread concern due to the serious risks to human health. Traditional detection methods suffer from limitations, such as low sensitivity, long detection time, and complicated operations. Herein, based on the tyramine signal amplification (TSA) strategy, we developed a sensitive and rapid magnetic relaxation switching (MRS) immunosensor for the detection of chlorpyrifos. Wherein, magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified with tyramine (MNP150‐tyramine) acted as magnetic probes for magnetic relaxation signal output. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), tyramine can be converted to the highly reactive intermediate that covalently binds with the nearby proteins, such as HRP and antibody, thus assembling MNPs to magnetic clusters and showing changes in transverse relaxation time (T2) signals. Based on the “antibody–antigen” immunoreaction, chlorpyrifos could make a connection of HRP/antibody‐modified MNPs and MNP150‐tyramine with a result of MNPs aggregation and strong T2 signals. In this study, the TSA‐MRS method showed sensitive detection of chlorpyrifos with a limit of detection of 0.54 ng/mL, a 4.5‐fold enhancement in the sensitivity compared with the ELISA method, providing an alternative method for the detection of harmful substances in food samples.
Crack detection in fuel cell electrodes using a spatial filtering technique for overcoming noisy backgrounds
Authors: Pfeilsticker Jason , Baez‐Cotto Carlos , Ulsh Michael , Mauger Scott 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImage processing is a powerful tool that allows for rapid and automated data parsing in settings that occupy large variable spaces and require large data sets. Feature detection on difficultly discerned backgrounds is a subset of image processing that facilitates the extraction of quantitative metrics from otherwise subjective data. Crack detection and quantification is an important capability in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell quality control, failure analysis, and optimization. This work presents a technique to perform crack detection and quantification which overcomes challenges faced by commonly used image segmentation techniques. We demonstrate the use of a geometrically filtered noise‐level detection technique to select a binary threshold value from which we then quantify how cracked a sample is. We demonstrate the accuracy of our technique using programmatically generated test images of known crack amounts and their performance on real‐world fuel cell catalyst layer samples.
Extreme acute radiation‐induced toxicity in a patient with polymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinoma of the nasopharynx and rare variants in DNA repair genes
Authors: Nowicka Zuzanna , Kuna Kasper , Stawiski Konrad , Sołek Julia , Świderek Magdalena , Papis‐Ubych Anna , Fijuth Jacek , Fendler Wojciech , Tomasik Bartłomiej 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPolymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is an extremely rare finding in the nasopharynx. There are no guidelines for the treatment of PLGA in this localization. Radiotherapy may be administered to treat this malignancy; however, in radiosensitive individuals, it is associated with a risk of severe radiotherapy‐induced toxicity.MethodsWe present a case of a 73‐year‐old woman with locally advanced polymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinoma of the nasopharynx who developed a severe adverse acute reaction to radiotherapy leading to treatment discontinuation. Despite intensive treatment, the patient died 40 days after RT initiation. Whole genome sequencing was performed using DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the search for variants that could explain such extreme toxicity.ResultsWe identified a combination of pathogenic variants that may have contributed to the patient's reaction to radiation therapy, including predisposing variants in XRCC1, XRCC3, and LIG4. We also identified candidate variants, not previously described in this context, which could be associated with radiation toxicity based on plausible mechanisms. We discuss previous reports of this rare tumor from the literature and known contributors to radiation‐induced toxicity.ConclusionsGenetic causes should be considered in cases of extreme radiosensitivity, especially when is not explained by clinical factors.
A Multiplex GPCR‐Mediated Peptide Tagging System for a Growing Yeast Synthetic Biology Toolbox
Authors: Matragrano Joseph , Cornish Virginia W. , Billerbeck Sonja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStraightforward methods for specifically detecting and quantifying proteins are essential for both basic and applied research and notably in synthetic biology. Previously we demonstrated that the yeast mating pathway could be hijacked to detect species‐specific fungal peptide pheromones using their corresponding mating GPCRs. Here we asked if our yeast biosensor could detect proteins in addition to peptides – a question not previously resolved in the literature. As such, we repurposed the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungal mating pheromone α‐factor as a peptide tag and fused it terminally and internally to the protein Smt3. Our biosensor was able to detect the tagged protein in the nanomolar range using fluorescence as a read‐out. We extended the assay to four additional orthogonal peptide pheromone tags, demonstrating a cheap, non‐labor‐intensive, and high‐throughput assay compatible with multiplexing for protein detection. With its ability to detect proteins our living yeast biosensor could be useful for the optimization of protein producing cell‐factories, for building logic gates and myriad other applications in synthetic biology.