bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BRAF mutations in colorectal carcinoma suggest two entities of microsatellite‐unstable tumors
Authors: Lubomierski Nikolaus , Plotz Guido , Wormek Marc , Engels Knut , Kriener Susanne , Trojan Jorg , Jungling Bernd , Zeuzem Stefan , Raedle Jochen 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlterations of BRAF have been implicated in the carcinogenesis of colorectal tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI). These alterations were attributed to defective DNA mismatch repair, which underlies MSI. It was the objective of this study to clarify the role of BRAF in colorectal carcinoma with MSI.METHODSAfter sequencing for BRAF and KRAS in 82 colorectal tumor samples with or without MSI, mismatch repair protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and promoter methylation of hMLH1 was analyzed with a methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction. Results were correlated with the germline status of hMLH1 or hMSH2 and clinical characteristics.RESULTSBRAF was mutated more often in tumors with MSI than in tumors without MSI (27% vs. 5%; P = 0.016). The most prevalent BRAF alteration, V599E, occurred only in tumors with MSI. BRAF V599E was associated with more frequent hMLH1 promoter methylation (P = 0.07) and loss of hMLH1 (P = 0.02). The median age of patients with BRAF V599E was older compared with the median age of patients without this mutation (P = 0.001; 78 vs. 49 yrs). No BRAF alterations occurred in patients with germline mutations of mismatch repair genes. Five novel BRAF mutations were identified.CONCLUSIONSAlthough BRAF V599E was common in colorectal carcinomas with MSI, it was not a consequence of deficient mismatch repair. The current data showed instead that the BRAF V599E mutation was associated only with a subgroup of colorectal carcinomas with MSI that were obtained from older patients without hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma and showed epigenetic silencing of hMLH1. These results indicated that tumors with MSI caused by epigenetic MLH1 silencing have a distinct mutational background from that of tumors with genetic loss of mismatch repair, suggesting that there are two genetically distinct entities of microsatellite‐instable tumors. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
RET gene rearrangements (RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3) in papillary thyroid carcinomas from an iodine‐rich country (Japan)
Authors: Nakazawa Tadao , Kondo Tetsuo , Kobayashi Yoshihiko , Takamura Noboru , Murata Shin‐ichi , Kameyama Kaori , Muramatsu Akira , Ito Kohichi , Kobayashi Makio , Katoh Ryohei 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe frequency of RET rearrangements (RET/PTC) in papillary thyroid carcinomas varies significantly according to geographic area, with the greatest incidence reported in the Belarus region, which is iodine‐deficient and was contaminated severely after the Chernobyl reactor accident, and with the lowest incidence in iodine‐rich, nonirradiated Japan. The authors investigated the prevalence of RET/PTC in a large number of thyroid tumors from Japanese patients.METHODSFresh and paraffin embedded tumor tissues from 215 Japanese patients were examined for RET rearrangements (RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3) by means of reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis, with primers flanking the chimeric region, followed by direct‐sequence analysis.RESULTSRET/PTC was found only in papillary carcinomas and was not observed in other histologic types of thyroid tumors. The overall frequency of RET/PTC in papillary carcinomas was 28.4%, with a greater frequency in younger patients, including 41.9% of younger patients age < 20 years, 27.6% of patients age 20–40 years, and 24.8% of patients age > 40 years. Among the patients in these 3 age groups, the prevalence rate of RET/PTC1 was similar, but RET/PTC3 was observed most frequently among patients age < 20 years. When the tumors were grouped further according to histologic subtypes, the prevalence of RET/PTC3 was greater in solid/solid‐follicular papillary carcinomas than in classic papillary carcinomas.CONCLUSIONSThe results indicated that RET/PTC may be useful as a specific molecular marker for papillary thyroid carcinomas. Furthermore, its incidence in such tumors was not low in Japanese patients, and it seemed to be associated with patient age. Therefore, the current results raise questions regarding the belief that the frequency of RET/PTC differs geographically and is especially low in Japan. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Pediatric aggressive fibromatosis
Authors: Buitendijk Saskia , van de Ven Cees P. , Dumans Ton G. , den Hollander Jan C. , Nowak Peter J. , Tissing Wim J. , Pieters Rob , van den Heuvel‐Eibrink Marry M. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDAggressive fibromatosis (AF) is a soft tissue tumor and is rare in childhood, with high potential for local invasiveness and recurrence. General recommendations for the clinical management of pediatric patients with AF remain undetermined.METHODSThe authors retrospectively analyzed 13 children with AF who were diagnosed from 1987 until 2004 in the Erasmus MC‐Sophia Children's Hospital, and a review of the pediatric literature was conducted.RESULTSTwo patients received preoperative chemotherapy with combined vincristine, actinomycin‐D, and cyclophosphamide (VAC). All 13 patients underwent surgery. Three of six patients who underwent incomplete resection received adjuvant treatment, two patients received radiotherapy, and one patient received chemotherapy (VAC). The median follow‐up was 3.9 years (range, 0.6–14.0 years). Three patients developed recurrent AF, including two recurrences after patients underwent incomplete resection without adjuvant treatment. Secondary resection was performed, which was incomplete in one patient who subsequently received chemotherapy (VAC). At the time of the current report, all 13 patients were in complete remission. Ten pediatric AF studies, including the current study, with a total of 187 patients were reviewed. Incomplete resection was the most important determinant for disease recurrence; in the authors' opinion, the role of adjuvant therapy needs to be studied further.CONCLUSIONSPrimary surgery with negative surgical margins was found to be the most successful primary treatment modality for children with AF. Positive margins after surgery indicated a high risk for disease recurrence. Multicenter, prospective (randomized) trials will be necessary to clarify the role of adjuvant treatment for patients with pediatric AF. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Van der Waals Interactions in Aromatic Systems: Structure and Energetics of Dimers and Trimers of Pyridine
Authors: Piacenza Manuel , Grimme Stefan 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFull geometry optimizations at the dispersion‐corrected DFT‐BLYP level of theory were carried out for dimers and trimers of pyridine. The DFT‐D interaction energies were checked against results from single‐point SCS‐MP2/aug‐cc‐pVTZ calculations. Three stacked structures and a planar H‐bonded dimer were found to be very close in energy (interaction energies in the range from −3.4 to −4.0 kcal mol−1). Two T‐shaped geometries are higher lying, by about 1 kcal mol−1, which is explained by the more favorable electrostatic interactions in the stacked and H‐bonded arrangements. The DFT‐D approach has proved to be a reliable and efficient tool to explore the conformational space of aromatic van der Waals complexes and furthermore provides interaction energies with errors of less than 10–20 % of ΔE. Comparisons with previous results obtained by using only partially optimized model geometries strongly indicate that unconstrained optimizations are mandatory in such weakly bonded low‐symmetry systems.
Frequent loss of heterozygosity without loss of genetic material in acute myeloid leukemia with a normal karyotype
Authors: Gorletta Tatiana Alessandra , Gasparini Patrizia , D'Elios Mario Milco , Trubia Maurizio , Pelicci Pier Giuseppe , Di Fiore Pier Paolo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe performed a whole‐genome loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis of 32 cases of acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype using high‐density single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. LOH was found in 20% of cases. We identified two types of LOH: (i) interstitial, characterized by small deletions of genomic DNA (2–8 Mb), and (ii) terminal, involving large (30–90 Mb) telomeric regions. Surprisingly, terminal LOH occurred without loss of genetic material because of deletion of large chromosome regions and their substitution through the duplication of the corresponding regions from the homologous chromosomes (acquired partial uniparental disomy). © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel RUNX1‐PRDM16 fusion transcripts in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia showing t(1;21)(p36;q22)
Authors: Sakai Ikuya , Tamura Tatsushiro , Narumi Hirosi , Uchida Naoyuki , Yakushijin Yoshihiro , Hato Takaaki , Fujita Shigeru , Yasukawa Masaki 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe t(1;21)(p36;q22) is a recurrent chromosome abnormality associated with therapy‐related acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although involvement of RUNX1 has been detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, the partner gene has not been reported previously. We identified a novel RUNX1 partner gene, MDS1/EVI1‐like‐gene 1 (PRDM16), in an AML patient with t(1;21). Alternative splicing of the fusion gene generates five different fusion transcripts. In two of them, the PRDM16 reading frame is maintained in the fusion with RUNX1, suggesting that the RUNX1–PRDM16 gene fusion results in the production of a protein that is highly homologous to the RUNX1–MDS1/EVI1 chimeric protein. It is suggested that PRDM16 and MDS1/EVI1 share a common molecular mechanism for the leukemogenesis of RUNX1‐associated leukemia. Characterization of the RUNX1–PRDM16 fusion protein and comparison with the RUNX1–MDS1/EVI1 protein will facilitate the understanding of the mechanisms underlying RUNX1‐associated leukemia. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Allelotyping of esophageal squamous‐cell carcinoma on chromosome 13 defines deletions related to family history
Authors: Hu Nan , Su Hua , Li Wen Jun , Giffen Carol , Goldstein Alisa M. , Hu Ying , Wang Chaoyu , Roth Mark J , Li Guang , Dawsey Sanford M. , Xu Yi , Taylor Philip R. , Emmert‐Buck Michael R. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe previously reported that esophageal squamous‐cell cancers (ESCC) from Shanxi Province in China show frequent allelic loss on chromosome 13. Moreover, tumors from patients with a positive family history of upper gastrointestinal tumors exhibit more frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on this chromosome than do those from patients without a family history. These results suggest the possibility of a familial ESCC susceptibility gene. To investigate this phenomenon further, we performed an in‐depth analysis of allelic‐loss data sets from both patients with and without a family history of upper gastrointestinal tumors. Comparisons between deletion frequency and location were made with respect to family history status, risk factors, and clinical/pathologic characteristics of the tumors. The analysis confirmed that tumor LOH was significantly higher in patients with a positive family history than in those who were family‐history‐negative, and four common deletion regions in these family‐history‐positive patients were defined. Statistically significant associations were also observed between allelic loss and tumor grade and location, as well as the presence of lymph node metastases. Taken together, these data indicate that a gene or genes on chromosome 13 play an important role in the etiology and progression of ESCC. Published 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interaction of cells with L‐lactide/glycolide copolymers synthesized with the use of tin or zirconium compounds
Authors: Czajkowska Barbara , Dobrzynski Piotr , Bero Maciej 
Published: July 2005

AbstractComparative studies have been carried out on the viability of cells culture and production of collagen on lactide/glycolide copolymers synthesized using zirconium or tin initiators. Cell response of various cell types: fibroblast‐like cells, osteoblast‐like cells, monocyte/macrophage‐like cells has been examined. Cell response depends on the kind of cells and the initiator used during the synthesis of the polymer. In a number of cases the cells grown on materials containing zirconium have been reported to have better survival (for example, Saos2 cells). An enhanced collagen production on these copolymers has been also observed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2005
Effects of adhesion molecules on the behavior of osteoblast‐like cells and normal human fibroblasts on different titanium surfaces
Authors: Park Beom Seok , Heo Seong Joo , Kim Chul Sang , Oh Ju‐Eun , Kim Jin‐Man , Lee Gene , Park Won Ho , Chung Chong‐Pyoung , Min Byung‐Moo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis study examined the influences of titanium (Ti) discs with similar surface roughnesses (Ra values), but with different topographies and chemical compositions, on the adhesion, spreading, and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteoblast‐like cells and normal human fibroblasts. The presence of adhesion molecules on the Ti surfaces and their effects on cell activity were also investigated. Two types of Ti discs were prepared. One kind was a mechanically polished Ti disc, and the other type was a disc obtained by the heating of hydroxyapatite (HA) dip‐coated Ti. Scanning electron microscopy, optical interferometry, and scanning Auger electron spectroscopy were used to examine the surface morphology, roughness, and chemical composition, respectively, of the superficial Ti layer. The two types of Ti discs had different topographies and chemical compositions, but had similar Ra values. The cells on both surface types had similar behaviors and ALP activities. A biological evaluation of the surface‐modified Ti discs showed that the type I collagen coating was functionally active in terms of cell spreading in both types of Ti discs. In the mechanically polished Ti discs, fibronectin was functionally active in the normal human fibroblasts, but not in the osteoblast‐like cells. Cell adhesion was slightly better on the heat‐treated HA dip‐coated Ti discs, but not on the mechanically polished Ti discs. Type I collagen and fibronectin mediated the adhesion and spreading of osteoblast‐like cells through α2β1 integrin and α5β1 integrin, respectively. These results suggest that type I collagen might be a good candidate for the biochemical modification of Ti surfaces, particularly those surfaces obtained by heating of HA dip‐coated Ti. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2005
A novel bioabsorbable composite membrane of Polyactive® 70/30 and bioactive glass number 13‐93 in repair of experimental maxillary alveolar cleft defects
Authors: Puumanen K. , Kellomäki M. , Ritsilä V. , Böhling T. , Törmälä P. , Waris T. , Ashammakhi N. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA novel bioabsorbable composite membrane of polyethylene oxide terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate copolymer (Polyactive® 70/30) combined with bioactive glass No. 13‐93 was tested in the repair of experimental maxillary alveolar cleft defects. In this pilot study, the possible ability of the membrane to promote bone formation by guided tissue regeneration was investigated. Standard alveolar defects were made bilaterally in the maxilla of 12 growing rabbits and were filled with autogenous bone grafts. The test defect was covered with the composite membrane and the other defect was left uncovered to serve as a control. The follow‐up time was 10 weeks. Radiological, histological, and histomorphometric evaluations were performed. Radiologically, no statistically significant differences between test and control defects at 10 weeks were found. Histologically, the membrane enhanced osteogenic activity locally at the membrane–bone interface. Swelling of the membrane was observed. Histomorphometrically, no significant promotion of bone formation by the membrane was observed. The composite membrane was found to be biocompatible and surgically easy to use, but its osteopromotive effect was limited in this experimental cleft model. Further studies are necessary to assess its suitability for reconstructive surgical applications. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Osteolytic potential of triphenyl bismuth as an alternative contrast medium in acrylic bone cement
Authors: Xu Hu , Abdulghani Saba , Behiri John , Sabokbar Afsie 
Published: July 2005

AbstractRadiopaque cement containing barium sulfate causes significantly more bone resorption in vivo and in vitro than radiolucent cement. The aim of this study was to investigate the osteolytic potential of an alternative radiopaque agent, triphenyl bismuth (TPB). Bone cement particles containing various concentration of TPB (15 and 25 wt %) prepared by two methods, blending and dissolution, were added to monocytes in a bone resorption assay and the extent of lacunar resorption on dentine slices was determined. The results clearly show that cement particles containing TPB cause less bone resorption than cement particles containing barium sulfate. In addition, our results suggest that TPB prepared by dissolution in bone cement induces less osteolytic response than TPB‐cement prepared by blending. The osteolysis in response to bone cement wear particles may therefore be reduced with TPB prepared using the blending technique. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Transfer of glycogen‐derived lactate from astrocytes to axons via specific monocarboxylate transporters supports mouse optic nerve activity
Authors: Tekkök Selva Baltan , Brown Angus M. , Westenbroek Ruth , Pellerin Luc , Ransom Bruce R. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIt is hypothesized that L‐lactate derived from astrocyte glycogen sustains axon excitability in mouse optic nerve (MON). This theory was tested by using a competitive antagonist of L‐lactate transport and immunocytochemistry to determine whether transport proteins are appropriately distributed in adult MON. L‐lactate sustained the compound action potential (CAP), indicating that exogenous L‐lactate was an effective energy substrate. During 60 min of aglycemia, the CAP persisted for 30 min, surviving on a glycogen‐derived substrate (probably lactate), before failing. After failing, the CAP could be partially rescued by restoring 10 mM glucose or 20 mM L‐lactate. Aglycemia in the presence of 20 mM D‐lactate, a metabolically inert but transportable monocarboxylate, resulted in accelerated CAP decline compared with aglycemia alone, suggesting that D‐lactate blocked the axonal uptake of glycogen‐derived L‐lactate, speeding the onset of energy failure and loss of the CAP. The CAP was maintained for up to 2 hr when exposed to 20% of normal bath glucose (i.e., 2 mM). To test whether glycogen‐derived L‐lactate “supplemented” available glucose (2 mM) in supporting metabolism, L‐lactate uptake into axons was reduced by the competitive inhibitor D‐lactate. Indeed, in the presence of 20 mM D‐lactate, the CAP was lost more rapidly in MONs bathed in 2 mM glucose artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Immunocytochemical staining demonstrated cell‐specific expression of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) subtypes, localizing MCT2 predominantly to axons and MCT1 predominantly to astrocytes, supporting the idea that L‐lactate is released from astrocytes and taken up by axons as an energy source for sustaining axon excitability. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coliphage as an indicator of fecal contamination in hydroponic cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) greenhouses
Authors: Xu Jiali , Warriner Keith 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA preliminary study has been performed to evaluate the utility of somatic and F+‐specific coliphage as quality indicators of irrigation water used in hydroponic cucumber greenhouse operations. Samples of incoming water, waste hydroponic solution, cucumber fruit and plant roots derived from two greenhouses were screened for bacterial fecal indicators (generic Escherichia coli, fecal coliforms, total coliforms and Clostridium perfringens) and coliphage. Bacterial fecal indicators were present in incoming water and in spent hydroponic solution with coliphage only being sporadically recovered. However, both somatic and F+‐specific coliphage were consistently recovered from the roots of cucumber plants along with bacterial fecal indicators. Despite the heavy contamination of plant roots, the cucumber fruits were within acceptable microbiological limits. F+‐specific coliphage was recovered from 1 out of 25 cucumbers tested along with generic E coli. In contrast, no somatic coliphage was recovered from cucumbers despite coliforms being present on 15 out of 25 units. In conclusion, coliphage represents a poor index of hydroponic irrigation water quality but presence on cucumber fruit and roots can be used to highlight the presence of fecal indicator bacteria within greenhouse operations. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Fatty acids and all‐trans‐β‐carotene are correlated in differently colored rice landraces
Authors: Frei M , Becker K 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA set of 54 rice landrace samples was compiled from various Asian countries, including six red/brownish and eight black/purple varieties. Brown rice samples were analyzed for lipid content and fatty acid profile, as well as all‐trans‐β‐carotene content. Black/purple varieties were found to be higher in crude lipid content than the red/brownish and colorless varieties. They also had a higher β‐carotene content than the other two color classes. The highest β‐carotene content determined was 0.22 mg kg−1. Black/purple varieties tended to have a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids in their lipid fraction and a lower proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05) for oleic acid, which accounted for 42.1% of the lipid fraction in black/purple varieties and for 45.3% and 46.3% in red/brownish and colorless varieties, respectively. β‐Carotene content showed a significantly positive correlation with the crude lipid content (P < 0.001) and the content of saturated fatty acids (P < 0.001) on a dry matter basis. However, it was not correlated with the unsaturated fatty acids content on a dry matter basis. Within the total lipid extract, β‐carotene showed a significantly positive correlation with the proportion of saturated fatty acids (P < 0.01), especially palmitic acid (P < 0.01), and a significantly negative correlation with unsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.001), especially oleic acid (P < 0.01). Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Acute and sublethal toxicity of novaluron, a novel chitin synthesis inhibitor, to Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Christopher Cutler G , Scott‐Dupree Cynthia D , Tolman Jeffrey H , Ronald Harris C 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe acute and sublethal toxicities of novaluron, a novel chitin synthesis inhibitor, to a laboratory‐reared insecticide‐susceptible strain of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), were determined. Novaluron exhibited excellent residual (120 h LC50 = 0.42 mg litre−1) and good direct contact (120 h LC50 = 27 mg litre−1) activity against second‐instar larvae (L2). Hatch of eggs exposed by direct contact to novaluron solutions ≥100 mg litre−1 was significantly reduced, as was the ability of emerged first‐instar larvae to moult. L2 from eggs exposed to ≥100 mg litre−1 novaluron weighed significantly less (P < 0.0001) than those from untreated eggs. However, L2 from eggs treated with 1 mg litre−1 novaluron weighed significantly more (P ≤ 0.05) than those from untreated eggs, suggesting novaluron can have a hormetic effect on L decemlineata larval development. Leptinotarsa decemlineata mating pairs fed foliage treated with novaluron at 25 or 75 g AI ha−1 produced approximately 25% fewer egg masses and eggs per mass. Hatch of eggs on treated foliage was almost completely suppressed, and longevity of male beetles was reduced by approximately 50% when fed foliage treated with novaluron at 75 g AI ha−1. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry