bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drainage efficiency in urban areas: a case study
Authors: Aronica G. T. , Lanza L. G. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractUrban drainage systems may prove locally inefficient as a consequence of an unexpected amount of water failing to reach a certain number of inlets in the network. Local failures are indeed observed as a consequence of precipitation events with even lower intensities than the design rainfall, when inlets are requested to drain contributing areas that are larger than the design ones. Micro‐topography effects are usually responsible for local failures of the urban drainage system, and their potential in terms of local flooding can be investigated by taking a proper degree of topographic details into consideration. The flooding potential associated with the failure of a number of inlets in the system is investigated in this paper by means of a flood propagation model specifically designed for areas with complex topography and applied herein to the urban environment. The model involves a hyperbolic two‐dimensional solution of the De Saint Venant equations that is obtained over a finite element representation of the spatial domain with an unstructured triangular network. This approach allows detailed description of the flow patterns associated with stormwater volumes along the surface drainage network according to the actual performance of the existing inlets. The results presented refer to the application of the model to the case study of an urban catchment within the Historic Centre of the town of Genoa. The simulations confirm that micro‐topography effects have the potential to produce local flooding with significant water depth and velocity in zones of flow concentration, and that local topography may significantly affect the behaviour of the urban drainage system as a whole. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of sulphur mustard on human skin cell lines with differential agent sensitivity
Authors: Simpson Rachel , Lindsay Christopher D. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe ability of sulphur mustard (HD) to induce DNA damage places limits on the efficacy of approaches aimed at protecting human cells from the cytotoxic effects of HD using a variety of protective agents such as thiolcontaining esters and protease inhibitors. In the present study, potential alternative strategies were investigated by examining the differential effects of HD on G361, SVK14, HaCaT and NCTC 2544 human skin cells.The G361 cell line was more resistant to the cytotoxic effects of HD than the NCTC, HaCaT and SVK14 cell lines at HD doses of >3 and <100 µM HD as determined by the MTT assay. At 72 h after exposure to 60 µM HD there was up to an 8.8‐fold difference (P < 0.0001) between G361 and SVK14 cell culture viability. Buthionine sulphoximine (BSO) pretreatment increased the sensitivity of all four cell lines to HD. A substantial proportion of the resistance of G361 cells to HD was attributable to BSO‐mediated effects on antioxidant‐mediated metabolism, although G361 cultures still retained a high degree of viability at 30 µM HD following BSO pretreatment. Cell cycle analysis confirmed that SVK14 cells were relatively more sensitive to HD, as shown by the 2.1‐fold reduction (P < 0.0001) in the percentage of cells in G0[sol ]G1 phase 24 h after HD exposure compared with control cultures. This compared well with a 1.2‐fold increase (P < 0.05) in the percentage of G361 cells in G0[sol ]G1 phase following HD exposure, suggesting the existence of a more efficient G0[sol ]G1 checkpoint control mechanism in this cell line. Manipulation of the cell cycle using various modulating agents did not increase the resistance of cell lines to the cytotoxic effects of HD. © Crown copyright 2005. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Orthogonal rational matrix‐valued functions on the unit circle
Authors: Fritzsche Bernd , Kirstein Bernd , Lasarow Andreas 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis paper contains first steps towards a Szegö theory of orthogonal rational matrix‐valued functions on the unit circle 𝕋. Hereby we are guided by former work of Bultheel, González‐Vera, Hendriksen, and Njåstad on scalar orthogonal rational functions on the one side and by investigations of Delsarte, Genin, and Kamp on orthogonal matrix polynomials on the other side. An essential characteristic of our matricial orthogonalization procedure is marked by an intensive interplay between left and right matrix‐valued inner products generated by a nonnegative Hermitian Borel measure on the unit circle. The main feature of our approach is the distinguished role of Christoffel‐Darboux formulas. We consider pairs of rational matrix‐valued functions linked via Christoffel‐Darboux type relations as an own subject. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Novel compound heterozygous mutations in the PANK2 gene in a Chinese patient with atypical pantothenate kinase‐associated neurodegeneration
Authors: Zhang Yu‐hu , Tang Bei‐sha , Zhao Ai‐ling , Xia Kun , Long Zhi‐gao , Guo Ji‐feng , Westaway Shawn K. , Hayflick Susan J. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe investigated the presence of mutations in the pantothenate kinase (PANK2) gene in a 27‐year‐old male Chinese patient with atypical pantothenate kinase‐associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), formerly Hallervorden‐Spatz syndrome. Automated DNA sequence analyses revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the exon 3 and 5. This patient had a 10‐year history of PKAN characterized by a slight tremor of the right hand when writing at onset and a slow progressive rigidity of the neck and the right arm and resting tremor in upper extremities. Dysarthria, dysphagia, and dystonic‐athetoid movements of the face and right fingers were marked. Magnetic resonance showed the typical “eye‐of‐the‐tiger” sign. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Genetic polymorphism of catechol‐O‐methyltransferase and levodopa pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic pattern in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Contin Manuela , Martinelli Paolo , Mochi Mirella , Riva Roberto , Albani Fiorenzo , Baruzzi Agostino 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe explored the potential effect of catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) genetic polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a standard oral dose of levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We prospectively collected blood samples for COMT genotyping from a population of 104 PD patients. Each patient was examined by a standard oral levodopa/benserazide test, based on simultaneous serial measurements of plasma levodopa concentrations, finger‐tapping motor effects and dyskinesia ratings, up to 4 hours after dosing. The main levodopa pharmacokinetic outcome variables were time to peak and peak plasma concentration, plasma elimination half‐life, and the area under the plasma concentration–time curve. The main outcome levodopa pharmacodynamic variables were latency, duration, and magnitude of the motor effect elicited by the levodopa test dose, the area under the tapping effect–time curve, and the presence of dyskinesias. Nineteen patients (18%) harbored the low‐activity homozygous COMT genotype (A/A), 63 patients (61%) carried the intermediate‐activity heterozygous COMT genotype (A/G) and 22 patients (21%) had the high‐activity homozygous COMT genotype (G/G). The three groups were comparable for vital and clinical characteristics. No significant difference was found in levodopa main pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic variables and dyskinesia incidence among the three subgroups of patients. We failed to identify clinically relevant levodopa pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic response patterns associated with the COMT polymorphism in PD patients. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Chorea in a patient with cerebral palsy: Treatment with levetiracetam
Authors: Recio Maria V. , Hauser Robert A. , Louis Elan D. , Radhashakar Harsha , Sullivan Kelly L. , Zesiewicz Theresa A. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe report on the case of an adult cerebral palsy patient who developed severe chorea coincident with a febrile illness from a nonstreptococcal infection. The chorea improved markedly with the use of levetiracetam (LEV, Keppra). © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Impact of internal versus external cueing on driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Stolwyk Rene J. , Triggs Tom J. , Charlton Judith L. , Iansek Robert , Bradshaw John L. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractNumerous aspects of driving performance seem compromised in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Measures of cognitive impairment consistently correlate with poor driving simulator performance in this population; however, the effects of specific cognitive difficulties on discrete aspects of driving behavior have not been investigated thoroughly. Previous studies have demonstrated that people with PD exhibit difficulties internally cueing cognitive processes. This study examined the impact of impaired internal cueing on specific driving behaviors. A simulator measured the driving behavior of 18 current drivers in the mild‐to‐moderate stages of PD and 18 matched controls. Participants navigated through different driving conditions where the opportunity to use internal and external cues was manipulated. People with PD exhibited difficulties using internal cues to regulate driving behavior around traffic signals and curves. Instead of using internal cues, participants with PD were more reliant on external cues to regulate driving behavior. They were also less able to adapt their driving behavior to suit driving conditions. Because all participants with PD were current drivers in the mild‐to‐moderate stages of the disease, findings challenge the widely‐held assumption that cognitive difficulties only impact on driving performance in the moderate‐to‐severe stages of PD. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Asymptotic properties of the QR factorization of banded Hessenberg–Toeplitz matrices
Authors: Chang Xiao‐Wen , Gander Martin J. , Karaa Samir 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe consider Givens QR factorization of banded Hessenberg–Toeplitz matrices of large order and relatively small bandwidth. We investigate the asymptotic behaviour of the R factor and Givens rotation when the order of the matrix goes to infinity, and present some interesting convergence properties. These properties can lead to savings in the computation of the exact QR factorization and give insight into the approximate QR factorizations of interest in preconditioning. The properties also reveal the relation between the limit of the main diagonal elements of R and the largest absolute root of a polynomial. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Behavioural, cognitive and emotional responses to SARS: differences between college students in Beijing and Suzhou
Authors: Qian Mingyi , Ye Dongmei , Zhong Jie , Xu Kaiwen , Zhang Lili , Huang Zheng , Dong Wei , Liu Xinghua , Zhang Xiaoyun , Zhang Zheyu , Wang Cixin , Nie Jing 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis research was designed to explore the differences in behaviour, cognition and emotion between college students in Beijing and Suzhou, who were under different external stresses during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) prevalence time in China from 22 April to 23 June, 2003. A ‘Psychological responses questionnaire on SARS’ designed by the authors was filled out by subjects. A total of 268 valid cases were collected in Beijing through e‐mails or websites, and 397 valid copies were collected in Suzhou through pencil‐and‐paper tests. The two groups differed in their behaviours, cognitions and emotions. Cognitive and behavioural responses of the Beijing sample changed along with the time and the epidemic situation, and so did the negative emotions of the Suzhou sample. Path analysis of the Beijing sample found support for the mediating effects of the cognition on the relationships of stress and the emotional and behavioural responses, while the results of the Suzhou sample did not. Differences between the two samples are discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An epidemiological survey of job stress and health in four occupational populations in Fuzhou city of China
Authors: Tian Jun , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis study describes the levels of job stress amongst intellectuals in China, analyzes the association between job stress and health, and factors influencing job stress. Self‐completed questionnaires were used to survey the participants. Descriptive statistics applied to describe the levels of job stress in the populations. Logistic regression was performed to estimate relative risk (RR) of each health outcome. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were conducted to analyze the factors influencing job stress. The total scores means in male and female were 143.81 and 141.70, respectively. The relative risks of high job stress level for peptic ulcer, depression, anxiousness, bad temper, sleep disturbances, fatigue, having a poor appetite and backache, adjusted for age, sex and smoking, are 1.86, 6.55, 14.16, 7.09, 2.05, 1.75, 2.52 and 1.70 (p < 0.05), respectively. At the significance level α = 0.05, the eight factors were selected into the models. Our results may suggest that the intellectuals in China have suffered a high risk of high level of job stress, and this stress has impacted on their bodily and mental health. Living a colorful life, enhancing physical activities and improving social support are active and effective coping tactics. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effort–reward imbalance at work: the effects of work stress on anger and cardiovascular disease symptoms in a community sample
Authors: Smith Luke A. , Roman Angela , Dollard Maureen F. , Winefield Anthony H. , Siegrist Johannes 
Published: March 2005

AbstractTwo studies of the Effort–Reward Imbalance (ERI) model of work stress with different end points were undertaken in community samples from the Adelaide (Australia) metropolitan area. Study 1 examined the relationship between ERI at work and state anger. Study 2 extended the first and examined the relationship between ERI, anger and cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms. Hierarchical multiple regression confirmed a significant relationship between ERI and state anger in Study 1 even after controlling for extraneous variables. Study 2 showed that ERI increases CVD symptoms via the mediating variable of anger (an indirect effect). Furthermore, Study 2 revealed that people of lower income were more likely to experience higher anger. The results of both studies have far ranging consequences for the emotional and physical health of individuals who are experiencing an imbalance between their efforts and perceived rewards at work and those with lower incomes may be more vulnerable. The wider public health implications of the relationship between work stress, and emotional and physical well being in the community are discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Periodic solutions of density dependent predator‐prey systems with Holling Type 2 functional response and infinite delays
Authors: Ye Dan , Fan Meng , Zhang Weipeng 
Published: March 2005

AbstractEasily verifiable and realistic sufficient conditions are derived for the existence of periodic solution with strictly positive components for periodic density dependent predator‐prey systems with Holling Type 2 functional response and infinite delays. The method involves the application of a continuation theorem in coincidence degree theory and some priori estimates on solutions.
Direct determination of the rotation in the polar decomposition of the deformation gradient by maximizing a Rayleigh quotient
Authors: Bouby C. , Fortuné D. , Pietraszkiewicz W. , Vallée C. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe develop a new effective method of determining the rotation R and the stretches U and V in the polar decomposition F = RU = VR of the deformation gradient. The method is based on a minimum property of R to have the smallest “distance” from F in the Euclidean norm. The proposed method does not require to perform any square root and/or inverse operations. With each F having nine independent components we associate a 4 × 4 symmetric traceless matrix Q. The rotation is described by quaternion parameters from which a quadrivector X is formed. It is shown that X corresponding to R maximizes XT QX over all X satisfying XTX = 1. We prefer to equivalently maximize the Rayleigh quotient YTQY/YTY over all non‐vanishing Y and to deduce X by subsequent normalization $X = Y/\sqrt{Y^{T}Y}$. The maximization of the Rayleigh quotient is performed by a conjugate gradient algorithm with all iterative steps carried out by explicit closed formulae. Efficiency and accuracy of the method is illustrated by a numerical example.
Two‐dimensional splines on fairly arbitrary meshes
Authors: Riedel K.O. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractApplying tension to the cubic spline in order to avoid spurious oscillations leads to the well known exponential spline. We use a special kind of such an exponential spline with variable knots in order to define two‐dimensional splines with tension for fairly arbitrary meshes. Hence, the drawback of tensor product splines, which are only defined on grids consisting of horizontal and vertical lines covering the whole support, is overcome. Further, the efficiency of these novel splines in denoising camera images is shown.
Exact 3D piezothermoelasticity solution for buckling of hybrid cross‐ply plates using state space approach
Authors: Kapuria S. , Achary G.G.S. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA three dimensional exact piezothermoelasticity solution is presented for buckling of simply‐supported symmetrically laminated hybrid plates with elastic substrate and piezoelectric layers. Buckling is considered under thermal load in open as well as closed circuit conditions of the piezolayers. A mixed formulation is used to form the governing equations for buckling mode in terms of eight primary variables: Three displacements, electric potential, three transverse stresses and the transverse electric displacement. Using double Fourier series expansion of the entities, which satisfy the end conditions, the governing equations is reduced to a z‐invariant state equation with the state vector consisting of the the above eight variables. The state vector at the bottom of the laminate is related to that at its top through a global transfer matrix using continuity/jump conditions at the layer interfaces. The eight homogenous boundary conditions at the top and the bottom of the plate are used to set up four homogeneous equations for the three displacements and electric potential/electric displacement at the bottom. The determinant of their coefficient matrix is set to zero to obtain the buckling temperature/potential. Benchmark results are presented for hybrid highly inhomogeneous test plate, cross‐ply composite plate and sandwich plates. The effect of the exclusion of the prebuckling strains in the formulation on the buckling temperature is investigated. The effects of thickness parameter, aspect ratio and the electric boundary conditions on the buckling loads are illustrated. The enhancement of buckling temperature by the application of actuation potential is discussed.
Social psychology of institutional change: General principles for intervention
Authors: Reppucci N. Dickon 
Published: March 2005

AbstractSix principles for achieving total institutional change are presented as a framework for developing intervention strategies for changing established human‐service institutions for deviants. These principles are discussed and then explicated with examples from a total change effort in a state training school for adjudicated male delinquents. It is argued that most human service institutions for deviants are in desperate need of massive change and that all six of these principles must be realized, at least to some degree, if such change is to be effected.
A social learning theory approach to sensitivity groups
Authors: Stein Donald K. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis study was concerned with (1) assessing the processes that determine the behavior of participants in sensitivity groups from a social learning perspective, and (2) exploring motivational factors involved in volunteering for a sensitivity group experience. A total of 80 volunteers were divided into eight groups and administered the Rotter ISB. Four groups were given descriptions to foster “self awareness” expectancies in an upcoming sensitivity group, and the other four groups were given “other awareness” expectancies. Graduate students modeled behaviors consistent with the expectancies given each group and served as group trainers. The modeling and instructional manipulation of expectancies influenced the behavior of the participants in a manner that was generally consistent with predictions from social learning theory. The sensitivity group volunteers had significantly higher ISB scores than control subjects, suggesting that they had a greater frequency and intensity of conflicts.
Assessing social competencies in lower income preschool children
Authors: Rickel Annette U. , Burgio Joanne C. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis study examined social competencies in 4‐year‐old, lower income, nonwhite preschool children in a replication of work by Shure, Spivack, and Jaeger. Age differential interpersonal cognitive problem‐solving skills were investigated, i.e., ability to generate alternative solutions to interpersonal problems, consequential thinking, and school achievement as they relate to behavioral adjustment ratings by teachers and independent observers. A teacher's rating of a child as aberrant or adjusted predicted an independent observer's rating of that child in a naturalistic setting. Children who were rated as adjusted by their teachers had significantly higher scores on an achievement inventory than those children who were rated aberrant, but the study did not find the predicted relationship between problem‐solving thinking and adjustment.
Residential and community treatment services utilized by a sample of youth with severe emotional disturbances
Authors: Julian David A. , Julian Teresa W. , Mastrine Barry J. , Wessa Pauline , Atkinson Elizabeth 
Published: March 2005

AbstractAnalyzed case records to determine the costs and service usage patterns for a group of 25 youth randomly selected from the case load of a regional mental health agency. Study participants had extensive histories of publicly supported psychiatric hospitalizations. An average of 36.2 contacts per youth (905 total contacts) with human services providers were documented. Approximately 2 out of every 5 contacts resulted in out‐of‐home placements. The estimated cost of providing services to the 25 youth exceeded 3 million dollars. The types and costs of treatment services provided to study participants are discussed.