bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application Of Logic Models In Rural Program Development
Authors: Longo Paul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1998 the Appalachian Partnership for Welfare Reform (APWR) was established as a collaborative, applied-research, and technical-assistance program funded by the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services (ODJFS) and administered by the Institute for Local Government Administration and Rural Development (ILGARD) at Ohio University’s Voinovich Center for Leadership and Public Affairs. After five years as a grant-funded project focused on implementing policy changes in the areas of public assistance administration and workforce development at the county level in Ohio Appalachia, the APWR became a statewide technical assistance contract between the ODJFS Office of Family Stability (OFS) and ILGARD focused on strengthening performance measurement and accountability structures throughout the state of Ohio. The primary aim of APWR was to help enhance administrative infrastructure and capacity among the 29 APWR county agency partners implementing welfare reform throughout Ohio Appalachia. Among our principle activities, developing evaluation and performance measurement capacity was one of the APWR’s biggest and most interesting challenges. This chapter describes the historical and social context of the APWR and outlines the Ongoing Performance Measurement and Management (OPM&M) framework that we used to develop processes intended to enhance evaluation capacity in this Central Appalachian setting.
Principles, practices, and findings of the St. Louis conundrum: A Large-Scale Field Experiment With Antisocial Children
Authors: Feldman Ronald A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The St. Louis Experiment represents perhaps the largest and most rigorous field experiment concerning group intervention to be found in the social work literature. The overarching objectives of this experiment were threefold. The first was to ascertain which of three group treatment methods was most effective at reducing the antisocial behavior of youths who took part in an 8-month intervention program. The second was to determine the respective impacts of two different modes of treatment group composition upon the behavior of referred and nonreferred youths who participated in the program. The third was to examine whether group workers with graduate training in social work were better able than group workers with no such training to generate changes in the behavior of the participating youths. The St. Louis Experiment also entailed a number of additional research objectives that are described in this chapter.
Cognitive Rehabilitation And Neuronal Plasticity: Research on the Effectiveness of Quantitative EEG Biofeedback
Authors: Thornton Kirtley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The rehabilitation and understanding of brain function has been the focus of academic and federal research for decades. Significant advances in the understanding of neuronal plasticity and the retraining of damaged neurons in the brain have been made in the past decade as a result of practice-based research. These developments have led to significantly greater progress in the improvement of cognitive function than had previously been obtained with improvements in auditory memory functioning in learning disabled children, averaging 378% after only 20 hours of treatment.
Application Of Quality Management Methods For Preventing An Adverse Event: The Case of Falls in Hospitals
Authors: Grenier-Sennelier Catherine , Minvielle Etienne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Many prevention strategies are, naturally, approached from clinical and statistical perspectives. Clinical and organizational strategies, care effectiveness, and the risks or benefits of preventive measures are often not well defined, but the efficacy of these programs also depends in many ways on management and organizational processes. First, different causes of the occurrence of an adverse event can be the result of organizational dysfunctions (e.g., lack of coordination among caregivers). Second, implementation of preventive measures requires management skills regarding availability, affordability, and acceptability of procedures to prevent these adverse events, for which clinicians are rarely trained. Preventive measures must eventually be taken by others who help to manage the adverse event when it unfortunately occurs. For this reason, all levels of prevention and risk management must be considered, from primary prevention (targeting risk factors to prevent occurrence of disease or injury), to secondary prevention (targeting subclinical disease through early identification and treatment), to tertiary prevention (aiming at established disease or injury to ameliorate progression and maximize function for the person affected). In this context, continuous quality improvement (CQI) or total quality management can enhance clinical outcomes through management channels, enriching prevention program effects.
Epilogue: The Clinical Utility Of Therapy Research: Bridging the Gap Between the Present and the Future
Authors: Nathan Peter E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Evidence-based practices have thoroughly infused the activities, especially the therapeutic practices, of all members of the core mental health professions over the past decade. However, they have not until recently appeared to impact substantially on the broader array of healthcare and human services. The EvidenceBased Practice Manual reflects both of these welcome developments. In so doing, it lends support to the extremely encouraging view that empirically supported practices, including but by no means restricted either to mental health practices or mental health practitioners, have now extended their reach very widely. In eloquently portraying this very positive development in human services, including as it affects their social work, psychiatry, and other human services colleagues, the editors of this volume provide us with both an impressive portrait of the scope and reach of evidence-based practice today as well as a sense of the most promising models for successful utilization of new empirically supported practices tomorrow. Although I am loath to predict in the absence of data, I think I can confidently anticipate that this volume, which reflects an extraordinary diversity of current practices, will ultimately influence an even wider array of practices. For this we owe thanks to editors Albert R. Roberts and Kenneth Yeager and their colleagues, for their clear-eyed view of the present and, as important, their prescient vision of the bright future in healthcare and human services.
The Human Environment
Authors: Piantadosi Claude A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As with any other species, human survival boils down to individual survival. This is true whether people die of disease, natural disaster, or manmade holocaust. Fundamentally, survival can be defined in terms of the interactions between an individual and its natural surroundings. The surroundings determine the extent to which a person is exposed to critical changes in environment, such as temperature, water, food, or oxygen. The physical world imposes strict limits on human biology, and learning where these limits are and how to deal with them is what biologists call limit physiology. The principles of limit physiology can be applied to understanding human life in all extreme environments. These principles will be developed in this chapter and applied throughout the book to gain a deeper appreciation of how humans survive in extreme conditions.
Water That Makes Men Mad
Authors: Piantadosi Claude A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote the words, “Water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink” in The Rime of the Ancient Mariner in 1798, the dangers of drinking seawater had been known for thousands of years. Seawater does indeed make men mad. Historical evidence indicates the ancient Egyptians knew seawater was not potable, but the earliest realization that it was unsafe to drink has been lost to antiquity. In pre-Columbian times the greatest fear of venturing too far from land on the ocean was not falling off the surface of the Earth but lack of fresh drinking water. From a human perspective the oceans, which cover 70% of Earth’s surface, are still the most extensive and unique desert wildernesses on the planet. Saltwater constitutes 97% of Earth’s water, and of the 3% that is fresh, two-thirds is frozen in glaciers and polar ice. Thus, a mere 1% of all the water on the planet (in lakes and rivers, groundwater, and the atmosphere) is fresh and can be used by terrestrial plants and animals.
Hypothermia
Authors: Piantadosi Claude A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bad winters usually bring a greater appreciation of the deleterious effects of cold on the body. Most people have had personal experience with mild cold-related skin injuries such as chilblain, the temporary swelling and tenderness of the face or extremities after exposure to wet and cold conditions for a few hours. Residents of higher latitudes recognize the sharp discomfort of frostnip that comes with exposing various parts of the body to subfreezing temperatures. These effects of cold are usually nothing more than temporary inconveniences. More intense and disabling effects of local cold, such as immersion foot and frostbite, result primarily from prolonged operations in extremely cold weather. The greatest danger to survival in the cold, however, is from the effects of hypothermia.
Weapons of Mass Destruction
Authors: Piantadosi Claude A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The reason to cover weapons of mass destruction in a book about extreme environments is because they have the potential to forever alter life on earth. The inconceivable destructive power of modern thermonuclear devices is antithetical to civilization, which requires a sophisticated infrastructure. The deaths from detonation of even one nuclear warhead over a population center would dwarf the September 11, 2001, World Trade Center disaster.
The exploitation of fuel-loaded jets to attack the World Trade Center produced an unusual situation by trapping the victims inside the twin towers, whose collapse vaporized them. Usually, immediate deaths from massive explosions represent a fraction of the total, particularly if toxic gases or radioactivity are involved. The grim task is to separate those waiting to die from those who can recover with medical care. This principle of triage is similar for all types of weapons of mass destruction, whether they involve radioactivity, biological agents, or nerve gas. However, the problems of scale and loss of medical and transportation infrastructure to manage such disasters are seriously underestimated by triage strategies.
Human Prospects for Colonizing Space
Authors: Piantadosi Claude A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Discussion of the prospects for human colonization of space is constrained by the scarcity of data on the biological and psychological effects of extended space travel. Limited observations are available on a small number of men and a tiny handful of women who have spent more than a month in space (see Fig. 18.1). This is a far cry from the extent of knowledge that will be needed if humanity is ever to steer a permanent course outside the friendly confines of Earth. The biological aspects of space travel have been largely neglected by futurists and science fiction writers, who assume that engineers will create artificial gravity, regenerative life-support systems, self-contained agricultural capabilities, and spacious environments that will enable people to live normally in deep space in an Earthlike environment. From an engineering standpoint, given an adequate supply of power, there is no reason, theoretically, to object to this vision of space colonization. However, the resources that such systems will require are enormous, and certain biological and psychosocial considerations go beyond engineering solutions. This is not to say that the engineering problems of life-support systems are trivial, for, as indicated in the following section, they are formidable, particularly when raw materials are unavailable.
From Helping The Doctor To Fixing The System
Authors: Callahan Christopher M , Berrios German E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the previous chapter, we described efforts to reinvent the treatment model for depression in primary care that were largely driven by psychiatry. Having in- vented this new model, the psychiatry leadership confronted the enormous challenge of putting the new model into practice. To put the model into practice, medical educators and opinion leaders had to change the practice behaviors of primary-care physicians. Traditional methods to instruct practicing physicians in the new state of the art included articles in prominent journals or local lectures de- livered by eminent teaching physicians. The DART and Defeat Depression campaigns are examples of this type of effort.
Boundaries And Limitations
Authors: Callahan Christopher M , Berrios German E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the first two parts of this book, we described the broad scope of social and scientific factors that are important in explaining the current treatment model for depression. This includes discoveries in psychiatry and psychopharmacology, as well as primary care and clinical epidemiology, and it includes social changes that experts often have viewed as external to medical care. We highlighted the fundamental role of primary care in treating people with emotional disorders and out- lined the history of symptoms and treatments for emotional disorders in primary care. Around 1990, psychiatry offered a new treatment model for caring for people with depression, with a particular emphasis on care provided by generalist physicians. In this chapter, we discuss the limitations of that model.
Dead Reckoning And Moving Forward
Authors: Callahan Christopher M , Berrios German E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We cannot move forward with purpose if we do not understand where we are and how we got here. Many wonderful histories of psychiatry are available, including studies of nosology, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as biographies of many of the great minds in psychiatry and psychology. Our goal has been much different. We have sought to provide a history of treatment for depression. Such a history cannot be told without weaving in the threads of primary-care doctors and patients because the formal care of emotional disorders takes place largely in primary care. Our goal has been to use this broader perspective as a navigational aid to determine where we are, how we got here, and where we need to go.
Retreat from Hookworm ( 1920-1930)
Authors: Farley John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By 1920 the Health Board’s hookworm campaigns were in disarray. The authorities in British Guiana, India, and Ceylon had failed to live up to their responsibilities for improving sanitary conditions. The Health Board now believed that without prior sanitation any hookworm campaign would be doomed because of repeated reinfections from polluted soil. Rather than using hookworm as a means to encourage authorities to develop public health agencies by which sanitary conditions could be improved, it now required that these conditions be in place before any campaign began. Hookworm campaigns would now focus on the parasite and not on a public health response. What mattered was how well they succeeded in eradicating the parasite; the Health Board now had to come up with an accurate measure of hook-worm prevalence in order to assess the outcome of their campaigns. That had never been easy. Detecting hookworm eggs in fecal smears had always been a hit-and miss affair; failure to locate eggs in light infections must have contributed to the extraordinary cure rates reported at that time. In the mid-1920s, field staff began to use a flotation method which revealed eggs in the feces even when worm loads were low, and a dilution method was used to estimate the total number of eggs produced. These methods had been devised by Norman Stoll of the Department of Medical Zoology at the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene. Stoll had also linked the egg count with the number of worms expelled after treatment, enabling worm loads to be calculated from the egg count.
Yellow Fever: From Coast to Jungle
Authors: Farley John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
That the goal of the Health Board would be the eradication of disease rather than development of public health agencies became clear long before a shift along these lines had taken place in the hookworm campaigns. This policy change had been initiated by Rose himself, when in 1915 he decided to take on malaria and yellow fever. Neither of these diseases resembled hookworm. There was no cure for either disease and the cause of yellow fever remained a mystery. The malarial parasite could be revealed by staining, but the minute immobile intracellular parasites were hardly likely to excite as much comment as those wriggling hookworms. Both malaria and yellow fever were known to be transmitted by mosquitoes, which appeared to be their Achilles heal. By the 1920s the Health Board was actively engaged in campaigns against yellow fever and malaria, with minimal reference to building agencies of public health.
Frustrations in Sao Paulo; The Wrong Step In Rio
Authors: Farley John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
That an organization devoted to developing public health services where none existed before should have allocated a large share of its budget (27% in total; see Table 1.2) to the endowment and maintenance of schools of public health and schools of nursing as well as the provision of fellowships to study in them is not surprising. Only six months after it had been formed in 1913, the Health Commission pressed the Rockefeller Foundation to address the issue of public-health training. From the Sanitary Commission’s hookworm work in the South, the Health Commission knew much about the incompetence of part-time patronage-appointed health officers, untrained in public health, who often owed their allegiance to their own private practices. As a result, the Rockefeller Foundation invited the General Education Board to examine ways to train a new cadre of full-time public health professionals.
Introduction
Authors: Campos Frank Gabriel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Technical skill determines our success in artistic performance to a larger degree than any single factor. Without it, the world’s greatest artist would have nothing more to say than the average person in the street. Although making music can be a deeply satisfying thing to do, it can also be frustrating if you have difficulty expressing yourself because of such factors as an inadequate level of skill, poor technique, and fear.
Performance Psychology
Authors: Campos Frank Gabriel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Research from the partnership of sport and science has given the performing arts an understanding of how the mind functions in high-level performance and specific ways to train the mind to enhance performance ability. Gaining control of the mental aspects of performance is an important contributing factor in the success or failure of any performer. Finding a teacher or coach who puts the same emphasis on mental skill as on phys-ical skill is extremely rare. Players whose performance problems are rooted in the mental aspects of performance often learn to cope through hard and unpleasant lessons.
“War on Our Own Citizens”
Authors: Ferling John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hamilton’s economic program was in place before the congressional elections in 1792. Jefferson had hoped that those elections would be a referendum on Hamiltonianism, and as the results trickled in he was convinced that the Treasury secretary had lost his congressional majority. Candidates did not yet label themselves Republicans, but those who campaigned against broadening the authority of the national government scored victories “every where South of Connecticut,” Jefferson crowed, leaving the “republican interest” to hold a slight “majority of the next Congress.” Other signs also existed that Jefferson’s partisan efforts had paid dividends.
Pursuing Wellness Through Mental Health Systems Reform
Authors: Vandiver Vikki L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The pursuit of individual wellness and the responsibility of caring for individuals with mental health conditions and their families has been an aspect of every society for millennia. For just as long, societies have struggled to get it right—resulting in various levels of policies, systems, and interventions ranging from publicly shackling mentally ill people in stocks to the creation of nationally recognized consumer advocacy organizations. Currently, mental health systems in countries across the industrialized world are in transition—some in response to geopolitical forces, others in response to declining health care systems, and yet others through enlightened leadership and policy initiatives. Despite the various reasons for transition, most governments echo the same message: mental health systems are in need of reform to reflect contemporary approaches of care that support the pursuit of individual, community, and societal health and wellness; promote the concepts of recovery and hope; and provide sustainable outcomes. Health promotion is one such approach and the focus of this book.
Evidence-Based Mental Health For Health Promotion Practice
Authors: Vandiver Vikki L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an aspect of health promotion that describes a process of using the best available scientific evidence to answer the question: What seems to works best? This chapter provides a snapshot of contemporary definitions, principles, topics, issues, and strategies encountered in the process of selecting efficacious mental health and health promotion interventions for complex clinical problems.
The chapter begins by examining evidence-based practice (EBP) from four perspectives—those of researchers, administrators, health promotion advocates, and policy makers. Next, descriptions are provided of various categories, definitions, principles, strategies and goals of EBP that shape the application of EBP for health promotion activities. The remainder of the chapter reviews the various means of establishing criteria for “levels” of evidence, followed by discussion on research methods, practice guidelines, resources, and policies. It concludes with a review of the strengths, limitations, challenges, and future recommendations for integrating EBP into health promotion efforts. The chapter concludes with a section entitled “In Our Own Words,” a summary of consumer and focus group perspectives on the topic of EBP. For this chapter, participants responded to the following question: “What do you think makes for effective treatment?”
Integrating Health Promotion Strategies With Mental Health Interventions: The Role of Empowerment
Authors: Vandiver Vikki L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A central goal of health promotion is to empower people, families, and communities. In this chapter we focus on the importance of the role of empowerment as a guide in the application of evidence-based (EB) mental health interventions and health promotion strategies. Interventions are designed to enhance a sense of personal, familial, and community or societal empowerment. In order to do so, these interventions must have their impact at three levels: intrapersonal (individual), interpersonal (others), and intergroup (community and society). Within each of these levels, assessment issues influence the selection of EB practice interventions, which in turn are enhanced by health promotion strategies. These strategies reflect a combination of programs, initiatives, and efforts that illustrate the notion of empowerment-based health promotion and are used in conjunction with established EB interventions.