bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laypersons versus experienced surgeons in assessing simulated robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Olsen Rikke Groth , Konge Lars , Hayatzaki Khalilullah , Mortensen Mike Allan , Bube Sarah Hjartbro , Røder Andreas , Azawi Nessn , Bjerrum Flemming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Feedback is important for surgical trainees but it can be biased and time-consuming. We examined crowd-sourced assessment as an alternative to experienced surgeons’ assessment of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Methods
We used video recordings (n = 45) of three RARP modules on the RobotiX, Simbionix simulator from a previous study in a blinded comparative assessment study. A group of crowd workers (CWs) and two experienced RARP surgeons (ESs) evaluated all videos with the modified Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Surgery (mGEARS).

Results
One hundred forty-nine CWs performed 1490 video ratings. Internal consistency reliability was high (0.94). Inter-rater reliability and test–retest reliability were low for CWs (0.29 and 0.39) and moderate for ESs (0.61 and 0.68). In an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test, CWs could not discriminate between the skill level of the surgeons (p = 0.03–0.89), whereas ES could (p = 0.034).

Conclusion
We found very low agreement between the assessments of CWs and ESs when they assessed robot-assisted radical prostatectomies. As opposed to ESs, CWs could not discriminate between surgical experience using the mGEARS ratings or when asked if they wanted the surgeons to perform their robotic surgery.
Coordination of hydraulic and functional traits in ten species of trees of the Sonoran Desert
Authors: Gonzalez-Rebeles Georgina , Terrazas Teresa , Mendez-Alonzo Rodrigo , Tinoco-Ojanguren Clara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeave’s vein xylem and stomata hydraulic traits should be critically linked to modulating plant responses to drought in leaves of desert species, influencing traits at the whole-plant level and promoting adaptation. We tested for coordination among leaf vein xylem anatomical traits across different hierarchical orders (hydraulic vessel diameter, vein area, free veins per area, areolas per area, total free veins number, total areola number) and stomatal traits (stomatal size, stomatal density, stomatal index, leaf total stomatal area, leaf total stomatal number) as well as their relationship with the leaf area in ten tree species from the Sonoran Desert scrub, Mexico. Moreover, these traits were correlated with other hydraulic and functional traits associated with resource use strategies (hydroscape area, stem-specific density, leaf mass per area, and leaf phenology). Leaf total stomatal area and number were positively associated with vessel diameters at the midrib and with leaf total free terminal veins and areola number, indicating coordination between water transpiration and transport. Also, interspecific differences fit species along a physiological resource use spectrum, following an exploitative vs. conservative physiological axis. Accordingly, species with lower leaf longevity (LL) and foliage duration at the canopy (FD) displayed higher values of stomatal indices and free vein densities, higher stomata density; and anatomical traits related to higher hydraulic conductance and gas exchange in comparison to species with higher LL and FD. Therefore, in this community, species have been selected to take advantage of different temporal hydrological niches to enhance survival under unpredictable and highly seasonal water availability.
A novel classification that defines the normal cervical spine: an analysis based on 632 asymptomatic Chinese volunteers
Authors: Zhang Zixiao , Wang Jinyu , Ge Rile , Guo Chen , Liang Yan , Liu Haiying , Xu Shuai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The “normal” cervical spine may be non-lordotic shapes and the cervical spine alignment targets are less well established. So, the study was to propose novel classification for cervical spine morphologies with Chinese asymptomatic subjects, and to address cervical balance status based on the classification.

Method
An overall 632 asymptomatic individuals on cervical spine were selected from January 2020 to December 2022, with six age groups from 20–30 year to 70 plus group. Cervical alignment contained C2-7 cervical lordosis (C2-7 CL) and T1 slope (T1S), together with C1-2 CL, C2-4 CL, C5-7 CL, C2S, cervical sagittal vertical axis (CSVA), thoracic inlet angle (TIA) and neck tilt (NT). C2-7 cervical lordosis was regarded as primary outcomes. To identify groups with similar cervical alignment parameters, a 2-step cluster analysis was performed.

Results
C2-7 CL, T1S, CSVA, TIA and NT increased by age and mean value of them were larger in male than female group. Four unique clusters of female lordotic cluster, female kyphotic cluster, male lordotic cluster and male kyphotic cluster were classified mainly based on gender and C2-C7 CL. T1S was the independent influencing factor for C2-7 CL in all individuals and C2-7 CL = -28.65 + 0.57 × TIA, which varied from clusters. Although interactions among cervical parameters, it showed the alignment was more coordinated in lordotic groups.

Conclusions
The cervical sagittal profile varied with age and gender. Four clusters were naturally classified based on C2-7 CL and gender. The cervical balance status was addressed by C2-7 CL =  − 28.65 + 0.57 × TIA.
Chairside oral prophylaxis for people with profound intellectual or multiple disabilities—a retrospective feasibility study
Authors: Auerbacher Marc , Gebetsberger Lydia , Hickel Reinhard , Kaisarly Dalia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
People with severe intellectual or multiple disabilities (PIMD) have been receiving dental care in a specialized unit offering special care dentistry. For most of these adult patients, the initial consultation is complaint driven. In addition, the limited ability to cooperate due to their disabilities often means that dental treatment for these patients is usually carried out under general anesthesia (GA). Chairside treatment attempts are the exception rather than the rule. This retrospective study evaluated whether consistent practice of behavioral management principles and techniques embedded in a specific dental environment enables successful dental treatment of PIMD.

Materials and methods
The feasibility of chairside dental prophylaxis in PIMD (n=36) was analyzed: specific behavioral management techniques were applied, and professional tooth cleaning (PTC) was performed in the dental chair. Clinical data obtained from medical records and a questionnaire were analyzed.

Results
All patients had severe intellectual or multiple disabilities and had previously undergone at least one dental treatment under GA. Of these patients, 55.6% never had their teeth professionally cleaned before. Applying different behavioral techniques, all patients were compliant with receiving PTC in the dental chair.

Conclusions
An individualized and disability-specific treatment strategy using various noninvasive and nonpharmacological behavioral guidance techniques resulted in a higher compliance rate in PIMD, which allowed chairside PTC and reduced the need for treatment under GA.

Clinical relevance
Consistent implementation of various behavioral guidance techniques and communication strategies in a supportive environment enabled all patients to receive chairside PTC and be involved in a lifelong recall program.
Increased recognition of Q fever aortitis as a chronic manifestation of Q fever in tropical North Queensland, Australia
Authors: Price Cody , Smith Simon , Stewart James , Palesy Tom , Corbitt Matthew , Galappaththy Charith , Hanson Josh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAortitis is a life-threatening, manifestation of chronic Q fever. We report a series of 5 patients with Q fever aortitis who have presented to our hospital in tropical Australia since 2019. All diagnoses were confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of aortic tissue. Only one had a previous diagnosis of acute Q fever, and none had classical high-risk exposures that might increase clinical suspicion for the infection. All patients underwent surgery: one died and 3 had significant complications. Q fever aortitis may be underdiagnosed; clinicians should consider testing for Coxiella burnetii in people with aortic pathology in endemic areas.
Compactifications of indefinite 3-Sasaki structures and their quaternionic Kähler quotients
Authors: Gover A. Rod , Neusser Katharina , Willse Travis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe show that 3-Sasaki structures admit a natural description in terms of projective differential geometry. First we establish that a 3-Sasaki structure may be understood as a projective structure whose tractor connection admits a holonomy reduction, satisfying a particular non-vanishing condition, to the (possibly indefinite) unitary quaternionic group $${\text {Sp}}(p,q)$$

Sp
(
p
,
q
)

. Moreover, we show that, if a holonomy reduction to $${\text {Sp}}(p,q)$$

Sp
(
p
,
q
)

of the tractor connection of a projective structure does not satisfy this condition, then it decomposes the underlying manifold into a disjoint union of strata including open manifolds with (indefinite) 3-Sasaki structures and a closed separating hypersurface at infinity with respect to the 3-Sasaki metrics. It is shown that the latter hypersurface inherits a Biquard–Fefferman conformal structure, which thus (locally) fibers over a quaternionic contact structure, and which in turn compactifies the natural quaternionic Kähler quotients of the 3-Sasaki structures on the open manifolds. As an application, we describe the projective compactification of (suitably) complete, non-compact (indefinite) 3-Sasaki manifolds and recover Biquard’s notion of asymptotically hyperbolic quaternionic Kähler metrics.
Large language models for chemistry robotics
Authors: Yoshikawa Naruki , Skreta Marta , Darvish Kourosh , Arellano-Rubach Sebastian , Ji Zhi , Bjørn Kristensen Lasse , Li Andrew Zou , Zhao Yuchi , Xu Haoping , Kuramshin Artur , Aspuru-Guzik Alán , Shkurti Florian , Garg Animesh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes an approach to automate chemistry experiments using robots by translating natural language instructions into robot-executable plans, using large language models together with task and motion planning. Adding natural language interfaces to autonomous chemistry experiment systems lowers the barrier to using complicated robotics systems and increases utility for non-expert users, but translating natural language experiment descriptions from users into low-level robotics languages is nontrivial. Furthermore, while recent advances have used large language models to generate task plans, reliably executing those plans in the real world by an embodied agent remains challenging. To enable autonomous chemistry experiments and alleviate the workload of chemists, robots must interpret natural language commands, perceive the workspace, autonomously plan multi-step actions and motions, consider safety precautions, and interact with various laboratory equipment. Our approach, CLAIRify, combines automatic iterative prompting with program verification to ensure syntactically valid programs in a data-scarce domain-specific language that incorporates environmental constraints. The generated plan is executed through solving a constrained task and motion planning problem using PDDLStream solvers to prevent spillages of liquids as well as collisions in chemistry labs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in planning chemistry experiments, with plans successfully executed on a real robot using a repertoire of robot skills and lab tools. Specifically, we showcase the utility of our framework in pouring skills for various materials and two fundamental chemical experiments for materials synthesis: solubility and recrystallization. Further details about CLAIRify can be found at https://ac-rad.github.io/clairify/.
Lying and Cheating the Company: The Positive and Negative Effects of Corporate Activism on Unethical Consumer Behavior
Authors: Kang In-Hye , Kirmani Amna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCompanies are increasingly engaging in corporate activism, defined as taking a public stance on controversial sociopolitical issues. Whereas prior research focuses on consumers’ brand perceptions, attitudes, and purchase behavior, we identify a novel consumer response to activism, unethical consumer behavior. Unethical behavior, such as lying or cheating a company, is prevalent and costly. Across five studies, we show that the effect of corporate activism on unethical behavior is moderated by consumers’ political ideology and mediated by desire for punishment. When the company’s activism stand is [incongruent/congruent] with the consumer’s political ideology, consumers experience [increased/decreased] desire to punish the company, thereby [increasing/decreasing] unethical behavior toward the company. More importantly, we identify two moderators of this process. The effect is attenuated when the company’s current stance is inconsistent with its political reputation and when the immorality of the unethical behavior is high.
Organizational factors affecting higher education collaboration networks: evidence from Europe
Authors: Zinilli Antonio , Pierucci Eleonora , Reale Emanuela 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe explore the role of organizational factors in research collaboration networks among European universities. The study of organizational drivers in shaping collaboration patterns is crucial for policy design aimed at reducing research fragmentation and fostering knowledge creation and diffusion. By using Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGMs) and controlling for spatial factors, we investigate the role of two main mechanisms guiding the partners’ selection process: organizational attributes and homophily. We investigate two distinct scientific collaboration networks (i.e., projects and publications) and two research domains (Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Life Sciences) over the 2011–2016 time period. Our empirical evidence reveals that, among the main dimensions indicated by the literature, research capability (measured by the dimension of doctoral programs) has the clearest and most stable impact either on the tendency to establish collaboration ties or as homophily effect. In terms of policy implications, it emerges that organizational similarity in research capability matters and policy makers should consider doctoral programs as a strategic variable to promote successful collaborations in scientific research.
Asian American Women’s Experiences of Discrimination and Health Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wang Katarina , Guan Alice , Seto Janice , Oh Debora L. , Lau Kathie , Duffy Christine , Castillo Esperanza , McGuire Valerie , Wadhwa Michelle , Tepper Clifford G. , Wakelee Heather A. , DeRouen Mindy C. , Shariff-Marco Salma , Cheng Iona , Gomez Scarlett Lin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated racism experienced by Asian Americans, especially women and older individuals. Little is known about how discriminatory experiences during the pandemic have influenced health behaviors among Asian Americans. Between 10/2021 and 6/2022, we surveyed 193 Asian American women in the San Francisco area. Participants were asked to report types of discrimination they experienced since March 2020. We explored bivariable associations of discrimination and changes in health behaviors and healthcare utilization. Most women were Chinese American (75%) and over 45-years-old (87%). The top three discriminatory experiences reported were being treated with less respect (60%), being treated unfairly at restaurants/stores (49%), and people acting as if they are better (47%). Chinese American women (vs. non-Chinese Asian American women) reported higher frequencies of being threatened/harassed (40% vs. 22%). Women who reported any discriminatory experience (vs. none) were more likely to report less physical exercise (42.7% vs. 26.3%) and canceling/rescheduling medical appointments (65.0% vs. 45.1%). Our findings begin to elucidate Asian American women’s experiences of discrimination since the pandemic and provide evidence of the harmful impacts of anti-Asian racism on health behaviors.
A Distributed Virtual-Machine Placement and Migration Approach Based on Modern Portfolio Theory
Authors: Silva Filho Manoel C. , Monteiro Claudio C. , Inácio Pedro Ricardo M. , Freire Mário M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVirtual machine placement and migration (VMPM) are key operations for managing cloud resources. Considering the large scale of cloud infrastructures, several proposals still fail to provide a comprehensive and scalable solution. A variety of approaches have been used to address this issue, e.g., the modern portfolio theory (MPT). Originally formulated for financial markets, MPT enables the construction of a portfolio of financial assets in order to maximize profit and reduce risk. This paper presents a novel VMPM approach applying MPT and incremental statistics computation for VMPM decision-making so as to maximize resource usage while minimizing under and overload. Extensive simulation experiments were conducted using CloudSim Plus, relying on synthetic data, PlanetLab and Google Cluster traces. Results show that the proposal is highly scalable and largely reduces computational complexity and memory footprint, making it suitable for large-scale cloud service providers.
Genetic predictors of neurocognitive outcomes in survivors of pediatric brain tumors
Authors: Grob Sydney T. , Miller Kristen R. , Sanford Bridget , Donson Andrew M. , Jones Kenneth , Griesinger Andrea M. , Amani Vladimir , Foreman Nicholas K. , Liu Arthur , Handler Michael , Hankinson Todd C. , Milgrom Sarah , Levy Jean M. Mulcahy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurocognitive deficits are common in pediatric brain tumor survivors. The use of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis in DNA repair genes may identify children treated with radiation therapy for brain tumors at increased risk for treatment toxicity and adverse neurocognitive outcomes.

Materials
The Human 660W-Quad v1.0 DNA BeadChip analysis (Illumina) was used to evaluate 1048 SNPs from 59 DNA repair genes in 46 subjects. IQ testing was measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Linear regression was used to identify the 10 SNPs with the strongest association with IQ scores while adjusting for radiation type.

Results
The low vs high IQ patient cohorts were well matched for time from first treatment to most recent IQ, first treatment age, sex, and treatments received. 5 SNPs on 3 different genes (CYP29, XRCC1, and BRCA1) and on 3 different chromosomes (10, 19, and 17) had the strongest association with most recent IQ score that was not modified by radiation type. Furthermore, 5 SNPs on 4 different genes (WRN, NR3C1, ERCC4, RAD51L1) on 4 different chromosomes (8, 5, 16, 14) had the strongest association with change in IQ independent of radiation type, first IQ, and years between IQ measures.

Conclusions
SNPs offer the potential to predict adverse neurocognitive outcomes in pediatric brain tumor survivors. Our results require validation in a larger patient cohort. Improving the ability to identify children at risk of treatment related neurocognitive deficits could allow for better treatment stratification and early cognitive interventions.
Alcohol consumption and health-related quality of life in regional, rural and metropolitan Australia: analysis of cross-sectional data from the Community Health and Rural/Regional Medicine (CHARM) study
Authors: Redwood Lisa , Saarinen Karli , Ivers Rowena , Garne David , de Souza Paul , Bonney Andrew , Rhee Joel , Mullan Judy , Thomas Susan J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Relationships between alcohol consumption and health are complex and vary between countries, regions, and genders. Previous research in Australia has focused on estimating the effect of alcohol consumption on mortality. However, little is known about the relationships between alcohol consumption and health-related quality of life (QoL) in Australia. This study aimed to investigate the levels of alcohol intake and QoL in males and females in rural, regional and metropolitan areas of Australia.

Method
Participants (n = 1717 Australian adults) completed an online cross-sectional study. Males and females were compared on measures including the AUDIT-C and WHOQOL-BREF. Data were stratified into risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and associations were examined between alcohol consumption and QoL, adjusting for sociodemographic variables.

Results
Males had higher alcohol consumption and were at greater risk of AUD than females (20% vs 8%). Relationships between alcohol consumption and QoL were positive or non-significant for low–moderate AUD risk categories and negative in the severe AUD risk category. Males in regional communities reported higher alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C score 6.6 vs 4.1, p < 0.01) than metropolitan areas. Regression analyses identified that after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, alcohol consumption was positively related to overall, environmental, and physical QoL and general health.

Conclusion
The results indicate that alcohol consumption is negatively related to QoL only in those with severe risk of AUD. Males in regional areas reported higher alcohol consumption than those in metropolitan areas. These results provide further information about relationships between alcohol intake and health in Australia that can help inform prevention, screening and delivery of interventions.
Academic co-authorship is a risky game
Authors: Lazebnik Teddy , Beck Stephan , Shami Labib 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConducting a project with multiple participants is a complex task that involves multiple social, economic, and psychological interactions. Conducting academic research in general and the process of writing an academic manuscript, in particular, is notorious for being challenging to successfully navigate due to the current form of collaboration dynamics common in academia. In this study, we propose a game-theory-based model for a co-authorship writing project in which authors are allowed to raise an ultimatum, blocking the publishment of the manuscript if they do not get more credit for the work. Using the proposed model, we explore the influence of the contribution and utility of publishing the manuscript on the rate one or more authors would gain from raising an ultimatum. Similarly, we show that the project’s duration and the current state have a major impact on this rate, as well as the number of authors. In addition, we examine common student-advisor and colleague-colleague co-authorships scenarios. Our model reveals disturbing results and demonstrates that the current, broadly accepted, academic practices for collaborations are designed in a way that stimulates authors to raise an ultimatum and stopped only by their integrity and not by a systematic design.