bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontal ligament and alveolar bone remodeling during long orthodontic tooth movement analyzed by a novel user-independent 3D-methodology
Authors: Rizk Marta , Niederau Christian , Florea Alexandru , Kiessling Fabian , Morgenroth Agnieszka , Mottaghy Felix M. , Schneider Rebekka K. , Wolf Michael , Craveiro Rogerio B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe structural process of bone and periodontal ligament (PDL) remodeling during long-term orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) has not been satisfactorily described yet. Although the mechanism of bone changes in the directly affected alveolar bone has been deeply investigated, detailed knowledge about specific mechanism of PDL remodeling and its interaction with alveolar bone during OTM is missing. This work aims to provide an accurate and user-independent analysis of the alveolar bone and PDL remodeling following a prolonged OTM treatment in mice. Orthodontic forces were applied using a Ni–Ti coil-spring in a split-mouth mice model. After 5 weeks both sides of maxillae were scanned by high-resolution micro-CT. Following a precise tooth movement estimation, an extensive 3D analysis of the alveolar bone adjacent to the first molar were performed to estimate the morphological and compositional parameters. Additionally, changes of PDL were characterized by using a novel 3D model approach. Bone loss and thinning, higher connectivity as well as lower bone mineral density were found in both studied regions. Also, a non-uniformly widened PDL with increased thickness was observed. The extended and novel methodology in this study provides a comprehensive insight about the alveolar bone and PDL remodeling process after a long-duration OTM.
A universal hydro-mechanical coupled behavior model for clay-bearing strata—Molecular-level simulation approach
Authors: Waheed Muhammad Abdul , Al-Amoudi Omar S. Baghabra , Al-Osta Mohammed A. , Ahmed Habib Ur-Rehman 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClay minerals in soils and rocks exhibit large volume change upon interaction with water and this behavior becomes even more complex when the strata are being stressed by the engineering and environmental loads. Therefore, a realistic prediction of the hydro-mechanical behavior of the clay-bearing strata is always a challenge due to their coupled swelling-mechanical response in the cases of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering problems, nuclear waste storage in clay-bearing rock repositories, shale gas extraction, and other uses of clay in the manufacturing industry. All the existing behavior models have restricted applications in the engineering and other fields of practice mainly due to the partial consideration of the structure and fabric of clay-bearing strata in the model formulation. In this study, a hydro-mechanical behavior model has been formulated using the parameters acquired from the molecular-level simulations and modeling of the volume change and stress–strain behavior of the clay-bearing structure. The Molecular Mechanics and Molecular Dynamic simulations were performed on the natural structure of the clay-bearing strata formulated using Monte Carlo technique. The mathematical model, developed from the simulation results, can predict the overall hydro-mechanical behavior of clay-bearing strata for all possible combinations of clay minerals, non-clay minerals, salts causing cementation of the soil/rock structure, confining pressures, and the induced strain levels. The developed model has successfully been validated through laboratory and field testing on the clay-bearing strata in both the elastic and elasto-plastic regions of the stress–strain behavior and also from the data of two (02) swelling clays (MX-80 and FEBEX Bentonite) from the existing literature, supporting the universal nature of the developed behavior model.
Spatial profiling of cancer-associated fibroblasts of sporadic early onset colon cancer microenvironment
Authors: Furuhashi Satoru , Bustos Matias A. , Mizuno Shodai , Ryu Suyeon , Naeini Yalda , Bilchik Anton J. , Hoon Dave S. B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe incidence of sporadic early-onset colon cancer (EOCC) has increased worldwide. The molecular mechanisms in the tumor and the tumor microenvironment (TME) in EOCC are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to unravel unique spatial transcriptomic and proteomic profiles in tumor epithelial cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Here, we divide the sporadic colon cancer tissue samples with transcriptomic data into patients diagnosed with EOCC (<50 yrs) and late-onset colon cancer (LOCC, ≥50 yrs) and then, analyze the data using CIBERSORTx deconvolution software. EOCC tumors are more enriched in CAFs with fibroblast associated protein positive expression (FAP(+)) than LOCC tumors. EOCC patients with higher FAP mRNA levels in CAFs have shorter OS (Log-rank test, p < 0.029). Spatial transcriptomic analysis of 112 areas of interest, using NanoString GeoMx digital spatial profiling, demonstrate that FAP(+) CAFs at the EOCC tumor invasive margin show a significant upregulation of WNT signaling and higher mRNA/protein levels of fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20). Tumor epithelial cells at tumor invasive margin of EOCC tumors neighboring FAP(+) CAFs show significantly higher mRNA/protein levels of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR2) and PI3K/Akt signaling activation. NichNET analysis show a potential interaction between FGF20 and FGFFR2. The role of FGF20 in activating FGFR2/pFGFR2 and AKT/pAKT was validated in-vitro. In conclusion, we identify a unique FAP(+) CAF population that showed WNT signaling upregulation and increased FGF20 levels; while neighbor tumor cells show the upregulation/activation of FGFR2-PI3K/Akt signaling at the tumor invasive margin of EOCC tumors.
Multisensory input modulates memory-guided spatial navigation in humans
Authors: Iggena Deetje , Jeung Sein , Maier Patrizia M. , Ploner Christoph J. , Gramann Klaus , Finke Carsten 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEfficient navigation is supported by a cognitive map of space. The hippocampus plays a key role for this map by linking multimodal sensory information with spatial memory representations. However, in human navigation studies, the full range of sensory information is often unavailable due to the stationarity of experimental setups. We investigated the contribution of multisensory information to memory-guided spatial navigation by presenting a virtual version of the Morris water maze on a screen and in an immersive mobile virtual reality setup. Patients with hippocampal lesions and matched controls navigated to memorized object locations in relation to surrounding landmarks. Our results show that availability of multisensory input improves memory-guided spatial navigation in both groups. It has distinct effects on navigational behaviour, with greater improvement in spatial memory performance in patients. We conclude that congruent multisensory information shifts computations to extrahippocampal areas that support spatial navigation and compensates for spatial navigation deficits.
Deep learning and single-cell phenotyping for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility detection in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zagajewski Alexander , Turner Piers , Feehily Conor , El Sayyed Hafez , Andersson Monique , Barrett Lucinda , Oakley Sarah , Stracy Mathew , Crook Derrick , Nellåker Christoffer , Stoesser Nicole , Kapanidis Achillefs N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest public health challenges, already causing up to 1.2 million deaths annually and rising. Current culture-based turnaround times for bacterial identification in clinical samples and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) are typically 18–24 h. We present a novel proof-of-concept methodological advance in susceptibility testing based on the deep-learning of single-cell specific morphological phenotypes directly associated with antimicrobial susceptibility in Escherichia coli. Our models can reliably (80% single-cell accuracy) classify untreated and treated susceptible cells for a lab-reference fully susceptible E. coli strain, across four antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, rifampicin and co-amoxiclav). For ciprofloxacin, we demonstrate our models reveal significant (p < 0.001) differences between bacterial cell populations affected and unaffected by antibiotic treatment, and show that given treatment with a fixed concentration of 10 mg/L over 30 min these phenotypic effects correlate with clinical susceptibility defined by established clinical breakpoints. Deploying our approach on cell populations from six E. coli strains obtained from human bloodstream infections with varying degrees of ciprofloxacin resistance and treated with a range of ciprofloxacin concentrations, we show single-cell phenotyping has the potential to provide equivalent information to growth-based AST assays, but in as little as 30 min.
Evaluation of pliable bioresorbable, elastomeric aortic valve prostheses in sheep during 12 months post implantation
Authors: Vis Annemijn , de Kort Bente J. , Szymczyk Wojciech , van Rijswijk Jan Willem , Dekker Sylvia , Driessen Rob , Wijkstra Niels , Gründeman Paul F. , Niessen Hans W. M. , Janssen Henk M. , Söntjens Serge H. M. , Dankers Patricia Y. W. , Smits Anthal I. P. M. , Bouten Carlijn V. C. , Kluin Jolanda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPliable microfibrous, bioresorbable elastomeric heart valve prostheses are investigated in search of sustainable heart valve replacement. These cell-free implants recruit cells and trigger tissue formation on the valves in situ. Our aim is to investigate the behaviour of these heart valve prostheses when exposed to the high-pressure circulation. We conducted a 12-month follow-up study in sheep to evaluate the in vivo functionality and neo-tissue formation of these valves in the aortic position. All valves remained free from endocarditis, thrombotic complications and macroscopic calcifications. Cell colonisation in the leaflets was mainly restricted to the hinge area, while resorption of synthetic fibers was limited. Most valves were pliable and structurally intact (10/15), however, other valves (5/15) showed cusp thickening, retraction or holes in the leaflets. Further research is needed to assess whether in-situ heart valve tissue engineering in the aortic position is possible or whether non-resorbable synthetic pliable prostheses are preferred.
Propagation of PrPSc in mice reveals impact of aggregate composition on prion disease pathogenesis
Authors: Chang Sheng Chun , Hannaoui Samia , Arifin Maria Immaculata , Huang Yuan-Hung , Tang Xinli , Wille Holger , Gilch Sabine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInfectious prions consist of PrPSc, a misfolded, aggregation-prone isoform of the host’s prion protein. PrPSc assemblies encode distinct biochemical and biological properties. They harbor a specific profile of PrPSc species, from small oligomers to fibrils in different ratios, where the highest infectivity aligns with oligomeric particles. To investigate the impact of PrPSc aggregate complexity on prion propagation, biochemical properties, and disease pathogenesis, we fractionated elk prions by sedimentation velocity centrifugation, followed by sub-passages of individual fractions in cervidized mice. Upon first passage, different fractions generated PrPSc with distinct biochemical, biophysical, and neuropathological profiles. Notably, low or high molecular weight PrPSc aggregates caused different clinical signs of hyperexcitability or lethargy, respectively, which were retained over passage, whereas other properties converged. Our findings suggest that PrPSc quaternary structure determines an initial selection of a specific replication environment, resulting in transmissible features that are independent of PrPSc biochemical and biophysical properties.
Relationships Between Psychological Distress and Affective, Behavioral, and Cognitive Experiences of Stuttering
Authors: Panzarino Randy , Vanryckeghem Martine , Bedwell Jeffrey S. , Wendt Oliver 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
People who stutter (PWS) are vulnerable to the development of various psychopathological symptoms, although prevalence data are mixed and less clarity exists about factors that potentially influence their occurrence. The current study sought to shed light on the prevalence of self-reported psychopathology in PWS and aimed to identify relationships between affective, behavioral, and cognitive (ABC) experiences of stuttering and psychological distress (PD).

Method:

Forty-four PWS were administered the Behavior Assessment Battery (BAB) for Adults who Stutter and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18. The prevalence of clinically significant PD was calculated via BSI-18 global severity index
t
-score cutoffs. Regression analyses examined relationships between ABC variables of stuttering and PD.

Results:
Participants' BAB scores approximated normative values, while the PD score distribution was similar to that of a nonclinical sample. Nine percent of participants met thresholds for clinically significant PD. All ABC correlates of stuttering significantly and positively correlated with PD scores, capturing considerable amounts of shared variance.

Conclusions:
Levels of PD in PWS approximate those of the general community, highlighting the existence of psychologically distressed subgroups of PWS. Speech situation-specific anxiety had the strongest relationship to PD, followed closely by one's report of situation-specific speech disruption. To a lesser but still significant extent, PWS' frequency to which they engage in various avoidance/escape behaviors, as well as their communication attitude, predicted levels of psychopathology. These data inform diagnostic and clinical decision making, drawing attention to factors that should be attended to in treatment.
Go Beyond Compliance: Use Individualized Education Programs to Answer Strategic Questions and Improve Programs
Authors: Woods Adrienne D. , Ireland Marie C. , Murphy Kimberly A. , Lancaster Hope Sparks 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
The most significant document to ensure effective and compliant design, implementation, monitoring, and enforcement of a program of special education services in the United States is the Individualized Education Program (IEP). Although IEPs have been used to document procedural compliance with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) for individual students, IEPs also provide extensive data that can and should be used by a variety of stakeholders including speech-language pathologists (SLPs), school administrators, and state education agencies to design targeted professional development and collectively improve programs, processes, and outcomes in special education.

Method:
We summarize existing literature on the use of IEP data and describe opportunities to use IEP data to analyze individual student service patterns and SLP practice patterns. Aggregated IEP data also provide a robust view of district-wide and state trends in eligibility rates and least restrictive environment settings. Information on current and potential IEP data uses, reflection questions for substantive compliance, and lessons learned from a large-scale analysis of IEP data are provided. These lessons include potential software adjustments to enhance usability as a data source for substantive compliance; program improvement; and monitoring individual, school-wide, and district-wide outcomes.

Conclusions:
IEP data are a rich data source of information that may be used to (a) identify trends; (b) assist schools, districts, and states with ensuring substantive compliance with IDEA; (c) examine service equity and efficacy; (d) identify professional development needs; and (e) identify promising practices and provide opportunities to use real-time data to improve models and address public policy.
Analytical model of no‐load axial force for electric propulsion conical motor in electric aircraft
Authors: Fan Yukun , Liang Peixin , Liang Lihao , Zhang Dian , Liu Weiguo , Zhang Xiaoke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the field of electric aircraft, the axial force of the conical motor is used to offset propeller thrust and reduce bearing wear. For the problem of accurate calculation of the no‐load axial force of the conical motor, combined with the characteristics that the rotor magnetic bridge of the hybrid conical inner‐mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (HC‐IPMSM) is easy to be saturated and difficult to be calculated analytically, an equivalent analytical calculation method is proposed. According to the principle of constant air‐gap magnetic flux, the HC‐IPMSM is equivalent to many cylindrical surface‐mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (CY‐SPMSM), and an analytical model is gained. Combining with the scalar magnetic potential Laplace equation and Poisson equation, the air‐gap flux density distribution on the rotor surface is calculated. And finally, the no‐load axial force of the motor is obtained by using the cone angle and the Maxwell stress method. Simulation and experiments verify the correctness and validity of the analytical model.
Optimal dispatch of a mobile storage unit to support electric vehicles charging stations
Authors: Elmeligy Mohamed M. , Shaaban Mostafa F. , Azzouz Maher A. , Azab Ahmed , Mokhtar Mohamed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs transportation electrification increases globally, new technologies emerged in the past few years to meet the growth of the electricity demand. Mobile Energy Storage Systems (MESS) offer versatile solutions, aiding distribution systems with reactive power, renewables integration, and peak shaving. An MESS can be utilized to serve electric vehicles (EVs) in different parking lots (PLs), in addition to supplying power to the grid during overloads. The task of multiple stationary units can be achieved using MESS at a relatively lower cost. This paper proposes an MESS owned by multiple PLs sharing the same geographical area and sharing its capital and operational cost. The main objective of the proposed approach is to dispatch the MESS in conjunction with optimal EVs’ charging coordination to minimize operational costs and address the extra demand of PLs. A mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem is formulated and solved. Considering electricity price variations and EVs uncertainties, three different case studies are performed to highlight the efficiency and success of the proposed approach. The simulation results in a huge reduction in the total operation cost and the savings reach up to 27.51% in comparison with the base case.
Linear generator design for concentrating solar power technologies: Optimization and prototype development
Authors: Arslan Serdal , Akkaya Oy Sibel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn alternative way to generate electricity from solar energy is through the use of generators comprising Stirling engines with a parabolic collector. This study describes a parabolic collector with Stirling engine and investigates the design of a linear mobile generator for these systems. Especially for direct drive in free piston mechanisms proposed for these systems, linear generators are important due to their advantages such as compact structure, light weight, high efficiency and high power intensity. Although conventional one‐phase and three‐phase multi slot/pole models are widely available in the literature, three phase is considered for lower PM cost and to reduce the cost of power electronics and 3/2 slot/pole combination is considered for high speed and frequency. In this study, a new 3/2 slot/pole three‐phase tube‐type linear generator was designed and evaluated for performance and manufacturability. Objective functions were defined for power and efficiency increase to reduce generator power ripple, and the results of Mixed‐Integer Sequential Quadratic Programming, Multi‐Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA), and Screening methods were compared and examined. Performance of the two‐dimensional and optimized models was evaluated in terms of induced voltage, power density, efficiency, and output power. The best results were found with MOGA compared to other methods. When compared with the initial value, there was a 97.3% increase in power density for a 32.4% increase in moving weight. Moreover, the efficiency of the MOGA model is improved by 16.2% compared with the initial model. Additionally, significant improvements were shown in terms of thrust coefficient, voltage coefficient, power, and no‐load voltage. A prototype of the model was made and a motor‐driven crank mechanism system was used in place of the Stirling engine to undertake practical measurements.
A fully‐automatic side‐scan sonar simultaneous localization and mapping framework
Authors: Zhang Jun , Xie Yiping , Ling Li , Folkesson John 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSide‐scan sonar is a lightweight acoustic sensor that is frequently deployed on autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to provide high‐resolution seafloor images. However, using side‐scan images to perform simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) remains a challenge when there is a lack of 3D bathymetric information and discriminant features in the side‐scan images. To tackle this, the authors propose a feature‐based SLAM framework using side‐scan sonar, which is able to automatically detect and robustly match keypoints between paired side‐scan images. The authors then use the detected correspondences as constraints to optimise the AUV pose trajectory. The proposed method is evaluated on real data collected by a Hugin AUV, using as a ground truth reference both manually‐annotated keypoints and a 3D bathymetry mesh from multibeam echosounder (MBES). Experimental results demonstrate that this approach is able to reduce drifts from the dead‐reckoning system. The framework is made publicly available for the benefit of the community.
Temporal false data injection attack and detection on cyber‐physical power system based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Fu Wei , Yan Yunqi , Chen Ying , Wang Zhisheng , Zhu Danlong , Jin Longxing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFalse data injection (FDI) attacks are serious threats to a cyber‐physical power system (CPPS), which may be launched by a malicious software or virus accessing only the measurements from one substation. This study proposes a novel attack method named the temporal FDI (TFDI) attack. Namely, the virus makes decisions based on temporal observations of the CPPS, and the attack is driven by a deep Q network (DQN) algorithm. As DQN takes vectors of continuous variables as input states, the proposed method is free of the state space explosion problem, which helps the virus to learn the optimal attack strategy efficiently. Moreover, for adopting time‐series measurements as quasi‐dynamic observations, long short‐term memory cells are employed as a layer of the Q network. The TFDI attack enables the virus to discern trends of load variations and enhance the attack’s effectiveness. Meanwhile, a countermeasure is also presented to detect the proposed FDI attack. Binary classifiers are trained for each bus to detect suspicious local measurements according to their deviations from system‐state manifolds. When suspicious measurements are spotted frequently, the corresponding bus is believed to be under FDI attacks. Test cases validate the efficacy of the proposed FDI attack method as well as its countermeasure.