bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myocardial expression and redistribution of GRKs in hypertensive hypertrophy and failure
Authors: Yi Xian Ping , Zhou Jibin , Baker Justin , Wang Xuejun , Gerdes A. Martin , Li Faqian 
Published: December 2004

AbstractG‐protein‐coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) are involved in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. But their temporal expression and cellular localization during the development of hypertrophy and its transition to failure remains to be investigated. In this study, we determined the expression and subcellular distribution of GRK2, GRK3, GRK5, and GRK6 in cardiac myocytes of 2‐ to 24‐month‐old spontaneously hypertensive heart failure (SHHF) rats. GRK2 increased in the intercalated disks in 6‐, 12‐, and 24‐month‐old SHHF rats, although total expression remained relatively constant from 2 to 24 months in both SHHF and normotensive rats. GRK3 expression progressively increased in 6‐, 12‐, and 24‐month‐old SHHF rats and was significantly higher than in age‐matched controls. Immunolabeling of GRK3 showed a typical pattern of cross‐striations that colocalized with α‐actinin and Gαs at Z‐lines in both SHHF and control rats. GRK5 expression showed no change from 2 to 24 months in both SHHF and normotensive rats. Confocal analysis revealed nuclear translocation of GRK5 in myocytes of SHHF rats. GRK6 had a striated pattern colocalized with α‐actinin at Z‐lines in the cytoplasm and was also present in the intercalated disks of cardiac myocytes from both SHHF and control rats. GRK6 expression increased in 12‐ and 24‐month‐old SHHF rats and was significantly higher than in age‐matched controls. GRK6 labeling was reduced at the intercalated disks, but increased in the cytoplasm of cardiac myocytes from SHHF rats compared to age‐matched controls. The increased expression of GRK3 and GRK6 and subcellular redistribution of GRK2, GRK5, and GRK6 in SHHF rats may be involved in abnormal remodeling of cardiac myocytes in hypertensive hypertrophy and failure. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nucleocytoplasmic distribution of opioid growth factor and its receptor in tongue epithelium
Authors: Zagon Ian S. , Ruth Torre B. , McLaughlin Patricia J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe subcellular distributions of the opioid growth factor (OGF), [Met5]‐enkephalin, and opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) in the epithelium of the rat tongue were determined in order to reveal structure‐function relationships. Laser scanning confocal microscopic analysis showed that both OGF and OGFr were colocalized in the paranuclear cytoplasm and in the nuclei of keratinocytes in the stratum basale. Using immunoelectron microscopy and postembedding techniques, double labeling experiments disclosed that complexes of OGF‐OGFr were colocalized on the outer nuclear envelope, in the paranuclear cytoplasm, perpendicular to the nuclear envelope in a putative nuclear pore complex, and in the nucleus adjacent to heterochromatin. Anti‐OGF IgG alone was detected in the cytoplasm, and anti‐OGFr IgG alone was associated with the outer nuclear envelope. Study of chronic treatment with the opioid antagonist, naltrexone (NTX), which blocks opioid‐receptor binding, revealed the presence of OGFr immunoreactivity alone in the cytoplasm and the nucleus; some OGF‐OGFr complexes were also observed. Colocalization of OGFr and karyopherin (importin) β was recorded in the cytoplasm and nucleus. These results in tongue epithelium are the first to suggest that OGFr resides on the outer nuclear envelope, where OGF interacts with OGFr; that the OGF‐OGFr complex translocates between cytoplasm and nucleus at the nuclear pore; and that the nuclear localization signal of OGFr interacts with karyopherin β for nuclear transport. These novel data also indicate that signal transduction for cell proliferation appears to involve an OGF‐OGFr complex that interfaces with chromatin in the nucleus. Moreover, the unique finding that OGFr was found in the cytoplasm and nucleus in NTX‐treated specimens may suggest that NTX‐OGFr complexes have the same pathway as OGF‐OGFr. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Postdefaecation pain syndrome after circular stapled anopexy is abolished by oral nifedipine
Authors: Thaha M A , Irvine L A , Steele R J C , Campbell K L 
Published: December 2004

Abstract

Background
Controversy has surrounded the technique of circular stapled anopexy since an isolated report of a high incidence of persistent postdefaecation pain following the procedure. The characteristics, clinical course and management of this complication have not been described.

Methods
Within an ongoing multicentre randomized clinical trial comparing circular stapled anopexy with closed haemorrhoidectomy, 77 patients underwent circular stapled anopexy. Follow-up was at 6, 12, 24 and 48 weeks. Patients underwent transanal ultrasonography, anal electrosensitivity testing and manometry.

Results
Of the 77 patients who had circular stapled anopexy, three men reported new-onset postdefaecation pain that compromised lifestyle, including ability to return to work. All three had sphincter hypertonicity on digital and manometric examination but were refractory to topical 0·2 per cent glyceryl trinitrate ointment. The addition of oral nifedipine 20 mg twice daily did not alter anal sphincter pressures but rapidly abolished symptoms and restored quality of life.

Conclusion
Postdefaecation pain is a specific complication of circular stapled anopexy, affecting a small percentage of patients. Men with a high anal sphincter pressure appear to be at risk. Although the exact aetiology remains unclear, it is likely that rectal rather than anal sphincter muscle is affected. Oral nifedipine represents an effective therapy.
Risk factors for anastomotic failure after total mesorectal excision of rectal cancer
Authors: Peeters K C M J , Tollenaar R A E M , Marijnen C A M , Klein Kranenbarg E , Steup W H , Wiggers T , Rutten H J , van de Velde C J H 
Published: December 2004

Abstract

Background
Anastomotic leakage is a major complication of rectal cancer surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors associated with symptomatic anastomotic leakage after total mesorectal excision (TME).

Methods
Between 1996 and 1999, patients with operable rectal cancer were randomized to receive short-term radiotherapy followed by TME or to undergo TME alone. Eligible Dutch patients who underwent an anterior resection (924 patients) were studied retrospectively.

Results
Symptomatic anastomotic leakage occurred in 107 patients (11·6 per cent). Pelvic drainage and the use of a defunctioning stoma were significantly associated with a lower anastomotic failure rate. A significant correlation between the absence of a stoma and anastomotic dehiscence was observed in both men and women, for both distal and proximal rectal tumours. In patients with anastomotic failure, the presence of pelvic drains and a covering stoma were both related to a lower requirement for surgical reintervention.

Conclusion
Placement of one or more pelvic drains after TME may limit the consequences of anastomotic failure. The clinical decision to construct a defunctioning stoma is supported by this study.
Effect of hospital caseload on long-term outcome after standardization of rectal cancer surgery at a national level
Authors: Wibe A , Eriksen M T , Syse A , Tretli S , Myrvold H E , Søreide O 
Published: December 2004

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this prospective study was to examine the influence of hospital caseload on long-term outcome following standardization of rectal cancer surgery at a national level.

Methods
Data relating to all 3388 Norwegian patients with rectal cancer treated for cure between November 1993 and December 1999 were recorded in a national database. Treating hospitals were divided into four groups according to their annual caseload: hospitals in group 1 (n = 4) carried out 30 or more procedures, those in group 2 (n = 6) performed 20–29 procedures, group 3 (n = 16) 10–19 procedures and group 4 (n = 28) fewer than ten procedures.

Results
The 5-year local recurrence rates were 9·2, 14·7, 12·5 and 17·5 per cent (P = 0·003) and 5-year overall survival rates were 64·4, 64·0, 60·8 and 57·8 per cent (P = 0·105) respectively in the four hospital caseload groups. An annual hospital caseload of less than ten procedures increased the risk of local recurrence compared with that in hospitals where 30 or more procedures were performed each year (hazard ratio 1·9 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·3 to 2·7); P &lt; 0·001). Overall survival was lower for patients treated at hospitals with an annual caseload of less than ten versus hospitals with 30 or more (hazard ratio 1·2 (95 per cent c.i. 1·0 to 1·5); P = 0·023).

Conclusion
The rate of local recurrence was higher for hospitals with a low annual caseload of less than ten procedures than for hospitals with a high treatment volume of 30 or more. Patients treated in small hospitals also had a shorter long-term survival than those treated in large hospitals.
Ab Initio Study of the Complexes of Halogen‐Containing Molecules RX (X=Cl, Br, and I) and NH3: Towards Understanding the Nature of Halogen Bonding and the Electron‐Accepting Propensities of Covalently Bonded Halogen Atoms
Authors: Zou Jian‐Wei , Jiang Yong‐Jun , Guo Ming , Hu Gui‐Xiang , Zhang Bing , Liu Hai‐Chun , Yu Qing‐Sen 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAb initio calculations have been performed on a series of complexes formed between halogen‐containing molecules and ammonia to gain a deeper insight into the nature of halogen bonding. It appears that the dihalogen molecules form the strongest halogen‐bonded complexes with ammonia, followed by HOX; the charge‐transfer‐type contribution has been demonstrated to dominate the halogen bonding in these complexes. For the complexes involving carbon‐bound halogen molecules, our calculations clearly indicate that electrostatic interactions are mainly responsible for their binding energies. Whereas the halogen‐bond strength is significantly enhanced by progressive fluorine substitution, the substitution of a hydrogen atom by a methyl group in the CH3X⋅⋅⋅NH3complex weakened the halogen bonding. Moreover, remote substituent effects have also been noted in the complexes of halobenzenes with differentparasubstituents. The influence of the hybridization state of the carbon atom bonded to the halogen atom has also been examined and the results reveal that halogen‐bond strengths decrease in the order HCCX>H2CCHX≈OCHX≈C6H5X>CH3X. In addition, several excellent linear correlations have been established between the interaction energies and both the amount of charge transfer and the electrostatic potentials corresponding to an electron density of 0.002 au along the RX axis; these correlations provide good models with which to evaluate the electron‐accepting abilities of the covalently bonded halogen atoms. Finally, some positively charged halogen‐bonded systems have been investigated and the effect of the charge has been discussed.
Experimental and Computational Studies of Hydrogen Bonding and Proton Transfer to [Cp*Fe(dppe)H]
Authors: Belkova Natalia V. , Collange Edmond , Dub Pavel , Epstein Lina M. , Lemenovskii Dmitrii A. , Lledós Agustí , Maresca Olivier , Maseras Feliu , Poli Rinaldo , Revin Pavel O. , Shubina Elena S. , Vorontsov Evgenii V. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe present contribution reports experimental and computational investigations of the interaction between [Cp*Fe(dppe)H] and different proton donors (HA). The focus is on the structure of the proton transfer intermediates and on the potential energy surface of the proton transfer leading to the dihydrogen complex [Cp*Fe(dppe)(H2)]+. With p‐nitrophenol (PNP) a UV/Visible study provides evidence of the formation of the ion‐pair stabilized by a hydrogen bond between the nonclassical cation [Cp*Fe(dppe)(H2)]+ and the homoconjugated anion ([AHA]−). With trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), the hydrogen‐bonded ion pair containing the simple conjugate base (A−) in equilibrium with the free ions is observed by IR spectroscopy when using a deficit of the proton donor. An excess leads to the formation of the homoconjugated anion. The interaction with hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) was investigated quantitatively by IR spectroscopy and by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy at low temperatures (200–260 K) and by stopped‐flow kinetics at about room temperature (288–308 K). The hydrogen bond formation to give [Cp*Fe(dppe)H]⋅⋅⋅HA is characterized by ΔH°=−6.5±0.4 kcal mol−1 and ΔS°=−18.6±1.7 cal mol−1 K−1. The activation barrier for the proton transfer step, which occurs only upon intervention of a second HFIP molecule, is ΔH≠=2.6±0.3 kcal mol−1 and ΔS≠=−44.5±1.1 cal mol−1 K−1. The computational investigation (at the DFT/B3 LYP level with inclusion of solvent effects by the polarizable continuum model) reproduces all the qualitative findings, provided the correct number of proton donor molecules are used in the model. The proton transfer process is, however, computed to be less exothermic than observed in the experiment.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Sialo‐Containing Glycosyl Amino Acids by Use of an N‐Trichloroethoxycarbonyl‐β‐thiophenyl Sialoside
Authors: Tanaka Hiroshi , Adachi Masaatsu , Takahashi Takashi 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe describe an efficient synthesis of 2,6‐ and 2,3‐sialyl T antigens linked to serine in a one‐pot glycosylation. We first investigated the glycosidation of thiosialosides by varying the N‐protecting group. Modification of the C‐5 amino group of β‐thiosialosides into the N‐9‐fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl, N‐2,2,2‐trichloroethoxycarbonyl (N‐Troc), and N‐trichloroacetyl derivatives enhanced the reactivity of these compounds towards glycosidation. Addition of a minimum amount of 3 Å molecular sieves was also effective in improving the yield of α‐linked sialosides. Next, we conducted one‐pot syntheses of the glycosyl amino acids by using the N‐Troc sialyl donor. The N‐Troc derivative can be converted into the N‐acetyl derivative without racemization of the amino acids. Branched‐type one‐pot glycosylation, initiated by regioselective glycosylation of the 3,6‐dihydroxy galactoside with the N‐Troc‐β‐thiophenyl sialoside, provided the protected 2,6‐sialyl T antigen in good yield. Linear‐type one‐pot glycosylation, initiated by chemoselective glycosylation of galactosyl fluoride with the N‐Troc‐β‐thiophenyl sialoside, afforded the protected 2,3‐sialyl T antigen in excellent yield. Both protected glycosyl amino acids were converted into the fully deprotected 2,6‐ and 2,3‐sialyl T antigens linked to serine in good yields.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of a liver metastasis of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
Authors: Ren Rulong , Sun Xiaoping , Staerkel Gregg , Sneige Nour , Gong Yun 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFollicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is an uncommon neoplasm derived from FDCs in lymphoid tissue. Metastatic FDCS to the liver is rare. We present a case of a 65‐yr‐old woman who was referred to our institution 1 mo after splenectomy for FDCS of the spleen. An abdominal CT scan revealed a 2.0‐cm liver lesion, which led to fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. Smears of the aspiration obtained were hypercellular showing a pleomorphic population of large oval to spindle‐shaped tumor cells against a background of small mature lymphocytes, plasma cells, and necrotic debris. Tumor cells were arranged singly, in syncytial or fascicular patterns, and had a moderate amount of cytoplasm and indistinct cell borders. Nuclei had irregular nuclear membranes, finely granular to vesicular chromatin, and prominent nucleoli. Multinucleated and binucleated cells resembling Reed‐Sternberg cells were noted occasionally. Mitotic figures, including atypical forms, were frequently identified. The diagnosis of “pleomorphic malignant spindle‐cell neoplasm consistent with metastatic FDCS” was rendered and later confirmed by histological review and immunohistochemical staining of the subsequent liver resection specimen. Although cytological features of FDCS are characteristic, they are overlapping with those of many other tumors. We review the literature on this entity with emphasis on FNA cytomorphology, differential diagnosis, and immunohistochemical findings. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2005;32:38–43. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromatin pattern alteration in malignant cells: An enigma
Authors: Dey Pranab 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAlteration of chromatin pattern is one of the most important clues to detect the malignant cell. However, the exact cause of change of chromatin pattern still is not clearly known. Recently, in last 20 yr, modern advanced technologies, such as fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), chromosome painting, green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion technology, fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), confocal microscopy, and multicolor four‐dimensional imaging of living cell, have unfolded the mystery of the chromatin structure and dynamics. In this study, I have discussed the possible causes of chromatin change in malignant cells based on available recent information. Multiple factors are responsible for alteration of chromatin pattern in malignant cells. The important factors in this respect are chromatin relocation, DNA aneuploidy, change of nuclear matrix protein (NMP), histone protein alteration, abnormal nuclear lamin‐chromatin interaction, and nuclear pore dysfunction. It is not impossible that the chromatin pattern alteration may be just a secondary change due to the interaction of fixative with chromatin and nonchromatinic substances in the nucleus. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2005;32:25–30. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Basidiomycetes and larger Ascomycetes from Yemen
Authors: Kreisel H. , Al‐Fatimi M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFrom the territory of Yemen 39 taxa of larger fungi (macromycetes: 36 Basidiomycetes and three Ascomycetes), including former records in literature, are enumerated and annotated. 22 taxa have been collected in recent times; 16 of them are first records from Yemen.Actually eight taxa are known from the highlands, 16 taxa from the coastal lowland, and 15 taxa (only very old records) from the island Socotra. Constituents of the macromycete flora of Yemen are species of south‐temperate to mediterranean distribution (mainly represented in the highlands), species of subtropical to tropical distribution (mainly represented in the lowlands) and nearly cosmopolitic elements. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Vegetation pattern within a thermokarst landscape in the central Altay Mountains (West Siberia)
Authors: König P. , Rilke S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn a mountain basin landscape influenced by a semi‐desert climate in the South Siberian Altay, a geobotanical study was conducted by placing a transect through a run‐off runnel and creating a vegetation map for the wet mire and meadow regions of the study area. The close proximity of semi‐desert and mire associations, formed by thermokarst phenomena, is noteworthy. The associations are presented in terms of their locations, and a phytogeographic classification of species is given. Comparisons with the conditions in NW Mongolia demonstrate the close relationships of dry slopes in the Chuya Basin with the typical Central Asian semi‐desert flora, which extends from the Great Lakes Basin into the southern desert zone of Mongolia. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Phytosociological affinities and habitat preferences ofJuniperus sabinaL. andArtemisia santolinifoliaTurcz. exBess. in mountain sites of the south‐eastern Gobi Altay, Mongolia
Authors: Wesche K. , Ronnenberg K. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractPlant community composition was analysed for 145 relevés, randomly sampled on steep slopes in the Gobi Gurvan Sayhan National Park, southern Mongolia. Cluster analysis designated seven communities into three main groups, namely mountain steppes, dominance stands of the dwarf shrubArtemisia santolinifolia, and scrub composed ofJuniperus sabina. Multivariate classifications corresponded well to available phytosociological classification schemes. Dense mountain steppes on northern exposures, as well as juniper stands on south‐ and east‐facing scree slopes, had high contents of organic matter and cations in the soil, while stands with disturbance‐tolerant species such asCarex stenophylla, annuals, orA. santolinifoliagrew on less favourable soils. Stands of the latter species showed some overlap withJ. sabinawith respect to species composition and site conditions, and specimens ofA. santolinifoliawere present in most relevés of juniper stands. The complete absence of juniper seedlings suggested an apparent potential replacing of ageing specimens ofJ. sabinabyA. santolinifolia.However, both species were distinct in cluster, ordination and correlation analyses, so this process seems to be still in its infancy. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Reduced‐size polarized basis sets for calculations of molecular electric properties. I. The basis set generation
Authors: Benkova Zuzana , Sadlej Andrzej J. , Oakes Roma E. , Bell Steven E. J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFollowing the recent studies of basis sets explicitly dependent on oscillatory external electric field we have investigated the possibility of some further truncation of the so‐called polarized basis sets without any major deterioration of the computed data for molecular dipole moments, dipole polarizabilities, and related electric properties of molecules. It has been found that basis sets of contracted Gaussian functions of the form [3s1p] for H and [4s3p1d] for the first‐row atoms can satisfy this requirement with particular choice of contractions in their polarization part. With m denoting the number of primitive GTOs in the contracted polarization function, the basis sets devised in this article will be referred to as the ZmPol sets. In comparison with earlier, medium‐size polarized basis sets (PolX), these new ZmPol basis sets are reduced by 2/3 in their size and lead to the order of magnitude computing time savings for large molecules. Simultaneously, the dipole moment and polarizability data remain at almost the same level of accuracy as in the case of the PolX sets. Among a variety of possible applications in computational chemistry, the ZmPolX are also to be used for calculations of frequencies and intensities in the Raman spectra of large organic molecules (see Part II, this issue). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 145–153, 2005