bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved rare mercury recovery from fluorescent lamp wastes through simultaneous leaching and heating
Authors: karamzadeh leyla , salahi esmaeil , mobasherpour iman , rajabi armin , javaheri masomeh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Mercury is one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants due to its stability in the environment and bioaccumulation in the food chain. Regarding the adverse effects of mercury on human health and environment, huge efforts have been made throughout the world to reduce its undesirable impacts. Mercury is one of the main components of the low-consumption and fluorescent lamps. Recovery of Hg-containing fluorescent lamps is of crucial significance in the developed countries. The glass parts of the used fluorescent lamps are among the dangerous wastes whose Hg content should be reduced to the lowest possible level according to the global standards. In this research, a definite amount of glass parts of the fluorescent lamps was washed with a definite volume of deionized water to separate and minimize their Hg content. To enhance the leaching efficiency and extract the mercury content, the mixture was stirred. Then parameters such as the ratio of glass to deionized water (S/L), stirring time, temperature, and pH were changed to achieve the highest Hg extraction. The highest Hg extraction (98%) was achieved at S/L = 0.1, stirring time of 12 h, temperature of 60℃, pH = 1 (using a combination of HCl and phosphoric acid 5% with the ratio of 1:4). The results confirmed a decline in the Hg content of the glass by decrementing pH in an acidic environment. The resultant glass wastes can be classified as non-dangerous wastes.
A new surface roughness measurement method based on QR-SVM
Authors: Yu Xiaofeng , Li Zhengminqing , Sheng Wei , Zhang Chuanmei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This study proposes a method for detecting surface roughness in machining, which solves the problem of low detection accuracy caused by a small sample size based on machine vision detection. The fusion of QR and Support Vector Machine (SVM) methods is used to detect surface roughness. Firstly, a contact roughness detector is used to measure the surface roughness value, and a CCD is used to obtain the processed surface image to obtain the sample. Secondly, the QR decomposition method is improved to generate virtual samples and expand the sample size. Extract the texture feature values of the image using the gray level co-occurrence matrix, and establish the correlation between roughness and texture features. Finally, support vector machines are used to classify the surface roughness of mechanical machining. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the surface roughness detection method based on machine vision has increased from 80.6–96.5%, proving the feasibility of this method and providing a theoretical basis for on-site detection of small sample surface roughness. This method has certain engineering application potential.
Wettability study of Developed Silicon based SMAW Electrode Coating Fluxes using SiO 2 -CaO-TiO 2 and SiO 2 -CaO-MgO Ternary System
Authors: Mishra Sudish , Sharma Lochan , Chhibber Rahul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The current research aims to develop and investigate the wettability behaviour of the fluxes used to coat shielded metal arc welding electrodes for offshore applications. Weld characteristics on duplex stainless steel are significantly affected by the flux's wettability characteristics. The wetting properties of SMAW electrode coatings were measured using the sessile drop technique. Twenty-six flux constituents of coatings have been formulated using the mixture design approach. At a temperature of 1423 K, the contact angle, spread area, surface tension, and adhesion work are measured. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analytical techniques and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were employed to determine the phases present in various types of fluxes. The influence of electrode coating flux compositions on different wetting parameters was examined using statistical models. It was observed that CaO, SiO2, and TiO2 individually have an increasing impact on contact angle, whereas MgO has a decreasing effect. CaO.MgO, SiO2.MgO, and TiO2.MgO is the only binary constituent increasing the contact angle. CaO and TiO2 exhibit increasing impacts, whereas SiO2 and MgO have a decreasing impact on the spread area. CaO.SiO2, SiO.TiO2, SiO.MgO, and TiO2.MgO interactions have increasing effects, while other binary interactions show decreasing effects on the spread area. Individual constituents have a positive effect on surface tension. MgO is the only constituent that increases the work of adhesion, and other constituents decrease it. Interactions like CaO, SiO2, CaO, TiO2, and SiO2.TiO2 has an increasing impact on adhesion work, while other binary interactions show a negative effect. Utilizing an artificial neural network approach, the mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values for the predicted outcome were effectively minimized. ANN model prediction was compared to regression prediction.
Microfluidic Compartmentalization of Rat Vagal Afferent Neurons to Model Gut-Brain Axis
Authors: Girardi Gregory , Zumpano Danielle , Raybould Helen , Seker Erkin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Vagal afferent neurons represent the key neurosensory branch of the gut-brain axis, which describes the bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal system and the brain. These neurons are important for detecting and relaying sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system to modulate feeding behavior, metabolism, and inflammation. Confounding variables complicate the process of isolating the role of the vagal afferents in mediating these physiological processes. Therefore, we developed a microfluidic model of the sensory branch of the gut-brain axis. We show that this microfluidic model successfully compartmentalizes the cell body and neurite terminals of the neurons, thereby simulates the anatomical layout of these neurons to more accurately study physiologically-relevant processes.
Methods
We implemented a primary rat vagal afferent neuron culture into a microfluidic platform consisting of two concentric chambers interconnected with radial microchannels. The microfluidic platform separated cell bodies from neurite terminals of vagal afferent neurons. We then introduced physiologically-relevant molecules at the nerve terminals and assessed their retrograde transport along the neurite or capacity to elicit an electrophysiological response using live cell calcium imaging.
Results
The angle of microchannel outlets dictated the probability of neurites growing into a chamber versus tracking along chamber walls. When the neurite terminals were exposed to fluorescently-labeled cholera toxin subunit B, the proteins were taken up and retrogradely
transported along the neurites over the course of 24 hours. Additionally, mechanical perturbation (e.g., rinsing) of the neurite terminals significantly increased intracellular calcium concentration in the distal soma. Finally, membrane-displayed receptor for capsaicin was expressed and trafficked along newly projected neurites, as revealed by confocal microscopy.
Conclusions
In this work, we developed a microfluidic device that can recapitulate the anatomical layout of vagal afferent neurons in vitro. We demonstrated two physiologically-relevant applications of the platforms: retrograde transport and electrophysiological response. We expect this tool to enable controlled studies on the role of vagal afferent neurons in the gut-brain axis.
How Multiple Creditors, Market Liquidity and Homeowner Participation Affect Foreclosure Discounts
Authors: Reite Endre J. , Oust Are 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study investigates how multiple subordinated creditors and market liquidity in the local real estate market influence the foreclosure discount. It also explores differences in homeowner participation. We use a complete record of all forced Norwegian house sales between December 2001 and February 2018, with and without homeowner participation in response to default on a mortgage or subordinated claim. We estimate foreclosure discounts using an advanced statistical valuation model and repeated sales to explore differences between these approaches. This study expands previous research by exploring the direct and indirect effects of subordinated claims and market liquidity, homeowner participation incentives, and homeowner participation’s impact on the foreclosure discount. Homeowners in liquid markets are more likely to participate in a soft foreclosure sale, thus reducing the foreclosure discount significantly. Default on subordinated claims increases the foreclosure discount, partially through reduced homeowner participation. Our results demonstrate the importance of including the severity of indebtedness and homeowner participation in research on biased valuations and relate the observed foreclosure discount to differences in homeowner participation and market liquidity.
JEL— G21, R2, R51
The spleen is the graveyard of CD4+ cells in patients with the immunological failure of visceral leishmaniasis and AIDS
Authors: Reinaldo Luis Gustavo Cavalcante , Júnior Raimundo José Cunha Araújo , Diniz Thiago Melo , Moura Rafael Deus , Filho Antônio José Meneses , Furtado Caio Victor Verçosa Macedo , Santos Washington Luis Conrado dos , Costa Dorcas Lamounier , Eulálio Kelsen Dantas , Ferreira Gabriel R , Costa Carlos Henrique Nery 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), or kala-azar, is a common comorbidity of patients with AIDS in endemic areas. Many patients continue to develop relapses of VL, nevertheless with virological control but with immunological failure. Because they remain chronically symptomatic with anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and at risk of severe coinfections due to low CD4 + count, 11 coinfected patients underwent splenectomy as a salvage therapy. The spleen's red pulp filters and clears blood elements, while the white pulp is lymphoid tissue.
Methods
This study compared the patient's complete blood cell counts (CBC), CD4+, and CD8 + cells before and after splenectomy and with the spleen weight.
Results
There was a substantial improvement in CBC after splenectomy, indicating hypersplenism. However, to our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the spleen mass is strongly and negatively correlated with CD4 + cell count (r = 0.72, p-value = 0.013).
Conclusion
The finding was unexpected since the spleen is the most extensive lymphoid tissue and T-lymphocyte source. After reviewing the literature, we concluded that the immunological failure was secondary to CD4 + loss initially by apoptosis in the spleen induced by productive HIV infection and lately by pyroptosis sustained by the parasitic infection in spleen macrophages.
Clinician perspectives on policy approaches to genetic risk disclosure in families
Authors: Phillips Amicia , Vears Danya F. , Hoyweghen Ine , Borry Pascal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Genomic sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool with significant implications for patients and their relatives, however, empirical evidence suggests that effective dissemination of risk information within families remains a challenge. Policy responses to address this issue vary across countries, with Belgium notably lacking specific regulations governing nondisclosure of genetic risk. In this study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with clinicians from Belgian clinical genetics centers to gain insight into their perspectives on policy approaches to the disclosure of genetic risk within families. Using real-world examples of legislation and court rulings from France, Australia, and the UK, we explored clinician viewpoints on the roles and responsibilities of both patients and clinicians in the family communication process. Clinicians expressed confusion regarding what was legally permissible regarding contacting at-risk relatives. While there was a consensus among participants that patients have a responsibility to inform their at-risk relatives, participants were hesitant to support the legal enforcement of this duty. Clinicians mostly recognized some responsibility to at-risk relatives, but the extent of this responsibility was a subject of division. Our findings highlight the need for a comprehensive policy that clarifies the roles and responsibilities of clinicians and patients to inform at-risk relatives. Furthermore, the study underscores the practical challenges clinicians face in supporting patients through the complex process of family communication, suggesting a need for additional resources and the exploration of alternative approaches to communication.
HiFNet: rethinking time series forecasting models from a perspective of error power spectrum
Authors: Zhu Changsheng , Yuan Peiwen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent years, simple models for time series forecasting task have attracted considerable attention from researchers. Recent works have revealed that a simple linear mapping is even more competitive in forecasting tasks than some well-designed models; meanwhile, MLPs can outperform linear models on datasets with a large number of channels. However, it remains unclear what the key difference is between these two architectures. In this paper, we explore the difference between linear models and MLPs from a novel perspective of error power spectrum. We analyze the inter-model and intra-training comparisons of error power spectrum and note that: 1) the error power at all frequencies is not uniformly distributed and different models have different error power spectral bias; 2) the error power at different frequencies does not necesarily converge at an equal rate. And based on these key observations, we propose a time series forecasting model called HiFNet, which stands for High-Frequency enhanced Network, and a model-agnostic ensemble learning approach called Frequency Ensemble. We conduct several experiments on different datasets and validate the effectiveness of our approaches.
Simulative Development of the Mössbauer Spectroscopy With Focus on the Transimpedance of the Photodiode Circuit -- Part I
Authors: Beyki Mohammad , Pawlak Justus , Patzke Robert , Renz Franz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the context of planetary exploration, the MIMOS II (miniaturized Mössbauer spectrometer) serves as a proven and reliable measuring instrument [1]. The MIMOS II originally devised by Göstar Klingelhöfer, is further developed by the Renz group at the Leibniz University Hanover in cooperation with the Hanover University of Applied Sciences [1] [2]. In this context here, the transmission behavior of the initially simulated amplifier circuit is to be determined and can serve as a basis for a later control [3]. Here, the results, are collected of the the circuit version intended for practical tests. The electrical circuit used in this elaboration is a modified version of a photodiode amplifier [3] [4]. The amplifier combines and replaces the usually switched multiple filters and the signal pickup of the photodiode current and the design should help to weigh advantages and disadvantages against other simulated circuits in order to optimize the MIMOS II for the terestric and extraterestric measurment.
Structural behavior of severely corroded RC beams retrofitted with UHPC layer - experimental study and numerical analysis
Authors: Biswas Rajib Kumar , Saito Takahiro , Misawa Takashi , Iwanami Mitsuyasu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Corrosion of reinforcement bars in reinforced concrete (RC) structures is considered a major concern. This study examines the flexural response of severely corroded RC beams retrofitted with ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPC) layer. UHPC layers were attached to the concrete substrate in four different configurations to investigate whether they could strengthen severely corroded RC beams. To represent carbonation-induced uniform corrosion, artificial corrosion was adopted in this study by replacing the deformed bars with plain bars and reducing the cross-sectional area. The plain steel bars represented about 38% of rebar corrosion. Obtained results revealed that UHPC layers can remarkably enhance the structural performance when it comes to serviceability and ultimate limit state. The test results also revealed that RC beams retrofitted with the UHPC layer might be unable to improve the displacement capacity of the corroded RC beam owing to bond deterioration between the concrete and embedded rebars and reduced cross-sectional area. Finally, a simplified numerical model was developed in this study and validated with the experimental results.
Underlying dynamical system that could be isomorphic to a bounded subset of polynomials
Authors: Saito Cyprien 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Underlying dynamical system as the calculation process that computational volume is limited is studied. For the proper localization of the bases of such a normed space within the ordered set of polynomials, it is necessary to evoke the formalization of tropical varieties adequetely according to their pre-topological setting (periodic, almost periodic) estimation by Lyapunov's V-function.
Fingerprinting the source and complex history of ore fluids of a giant lode gold deposit using quartz textures and in-situ oxygen isotopes
Authors: Fan Gao-Hua , Li Jian-Wei , Robinson Paul T. , Wu Ya-Fei , Deng Xiao-Dong , Wang Fang-Yue , Gao Wen-Sheng , Li Si-Yuan , Fan Liang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Determining the source and history of hydrothermal fluids are key to better understanding the genesis of lode gold deposits. However, it is difficult to rigorously constrain the fluid history because the fluids typically have a prolonged and complicated history that may obscure the original source signature. We integrate textural characterization, trace element geochemistry, and in situ oxygen isotope analyses of quartz covering three major paragenetic stages of the world-class Dongping lode gold deposit to fingerprint the ore-fluid source and document the deposit’s complex hydrothermal history. Six quartz generations were identified from three paragenetic stages. They consistently display small to large ranges in δ18O values from 13.1 to 0.6‰ (VSMOW), which correspond to calculated δ18O values of 7.4 to –6.0‰ for the quartz-forming fluids. These isotope data are intermediate between the δ 18O ranges of magmatic fluids and meteoric water and thus are best interpreted in terms of episodic fluxes of magmatically derived fluids and their subsequent mixing with variable proportions of external meteoric water. Our results highlight the important role of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and their mixing with meteoric water to form the giant Dongping gold deposit. Given the high abundance of quartz that typically spans the entire mineralization process of lode gold deposits, we envisage the versatility and reliability of in situ oxygen isotope analysis of well-characterized quartz in deciphering the origin and complex evolution history of gold-forming fluids.
Development of flood forecasting and warning system using hybrid approach of ensemble and hydrological model for Dharoi Dam
Authors: Patel Anant , Yadav S. M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The most frequent natural disaster is flooding. Advanced forecasting systems are lacking in developing countries. The majority of urban areas are located close to flood plains for rivers. Accurate flood forecasting is necessary for reservoir planning and flood management. The Sabarmati River's atmospheric-hydrologic ensemble flood forecasting model has been developed using TIGGE data. Precipitation can be reliably predicted by TIGGE's global ensemble numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. By using NWP data, flood forecasting systems may be extended from hours to days. Ensemble weather forecasts are produced using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and National Centers for Environmental Prediction together with 5-day lead times from TIGGE. The flood occurrences from 2015, 2017, and 2020 were used for the calibration and validation of the ensemble flood forecasting model. Bias was corrected using Bayesian model averaging (BMA), heterogeneous extended linear regression, censored non-homogeneous linear regression (cNLR), and other statistical downscaling techniques. Forecasted and downscaled precipitation data were checked using the Brier score and rank likelihood score. For cNLR, Brier's score performed admirably. The specificity vs. sensitivity performance of the cNLR and BMA approaches is 91.87 and 91.82%, respectively, according to receiver operating characteristic and area under the curve diagrams. Models with the hybrid hydrologic coupling approach accurately predict floods. Users may predict peak time and peak discharge hazard likelihood with reliability using peak time and flood warning probability distributions.
Rosuvastatin Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes by Normalizing
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via Calpain-1 Inhibition
Authors: Zhao Zhao , Wang Xinpeng , Lu Meili , Gao Yuxia 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Rosuvastatin contributes to the improvement of vascular complications in diabetes,
but the protective mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect and
mechanism of rosuvastatin on endothelial dysfunction induced by diabetes.

Methods:
Calpain-1 knockout (Capn1 EK684-/-) and C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with STZ
to induce type 1 diabetes. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with high glucose
in this study. The function of isolated vascular rings, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)
indicators were measured in this experiment.

Results:
The results showed that rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg/d) and calpain-1 knockout improved impaired vasodilation
in an endothelial-dependent manner, and this effect was abolished by an ERS inducer. Rosuvastatin administration
inhibited calpain-1 activation and ERS induced by high glucose, as well as apoptosis and oxidative
stress both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, an ERS inducer (tunicamycin) offset the beneficial effect of rosuvastatin
on endothelial dysfunction and ERS, which was accompanied by increased calpain-1 expression.
The ERS inhibitor showed a similar improvement in endothelial dysfunction with rosuvastatin but could not increase
the improvement in endothelial function of rosuvastatin.

Conclusion:
These results suggested that rosuvastatin improves endothelial dysfunction by suppressing calpain-
1 and normalizing ERS, subsequently decreasing apoptosis and oxidative stress.