bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“…full of opportunities, but not for everyone”: A narrative inquiry into mechanisms of labor market inequity among precariously employed gay, bisexual, and queer men
Authors: Kinitz David J. , Ross Lori E. , MacEachen Ellen , Fehr Charles , Gesink Dionne 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study brings lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (trans), and queer (LGBTQ+) populations into scholarly discourse related to precarious employment through a political economy of queer struggle.MethodsDrawing on narrative inquiry, 20 gay, bisexual, and queer men shared stories of precarious employment that were analyzed using Polkinghorne's narrative analysis.ResultsResults tell an overarching narrative in three parts that follow the trajectory of participants' early life experiences, entering the labor market and being precariously employed. Part 1: Devaluation of LGBTQ+ identities and adverse life experiences impacted participants' abilities to plan their careers and complete postsecondary education. Part 2: Participants experienced restricted opportunities due to safety concerns and learned to navigate white, cis, straight, Canadian ideals that are valued in the labor market. Part 3: Participants were without protections to respond to hostile treatment for fear of losing their employment.ConclusionsThese stories of precarious employment illustrate unique ways that LGBTQ+ people might be particularly susceptible to exploitative labor markets.
Tailored Exfoliation of Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Photocatalytic H2O2 Production and CH4 Valorization Mediated by O2 Activation
Authors: Feng Bo , Liu Yanan , Wan Kun , Zu Sijie , Pei Yan , Zhang Xiaoxin , Qiao Minghua , Li Hexing , Zong Baoning 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe exfoliation of bulk C3N4 (BCN) into ultrathin layered structure is an effective strategy to boost photocatalytic efficiency by exposing interior active sites and accelerating charge separation and transportation. Herein, we report a novel nitrate anion intercalation‐decomposition (NID) strategy that is effective in peeling off BCN into few‐layer C3N4 (fl‐CN) with tailored thickness down to bi‐layer. This strategy only involves hydrothermal treatment of BCN in diluted HNO3 aqueous solution, followed by pyrolysis at various temperatures. The decomposition of the nitrate anions not only exfoliates BCN and changes the band structure, but also incorporates oxygen species onto fl‐CN, which is conducive to O2 adsorption and hence relevant chemical processes. In photocatalytic O2 reduction under visible light irradiation, the H2O2 production rate over the optimal fl‐CN‐530 catalyst is 952 μmol g−1 h−1, which is 8.8 times that over BCN. More importantly, under full arc irradiation and in the absence of hole scavenger, CH4 can be photocatalytically oxidized by on‐site formed H2O2 and active oxygen species to generate value‐added C1 oxygenates with high selectivity of 99.2 % and record‐high production rate of 1893 μmol g−1 h−1 among the metal‐free C3N4‐based photocatalysts.
Hydroxypropyl methacrylate stars as versatile carriers of therapeutic agents
Authors: Sentoukas Theodore , Forys Alexander , Otulakowski Łukasz , Marcinkowski Andrzej , Pispas Stergios , Trzebicka Barbara 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThree star‐like carriers with poly(hydroxy propyl methacrylate) (PHPMA) cores and poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA) arms as nanocarriers were utilized for the encapsulation of rhodamine B, resveratrol, and curcumin. These drugs differ in hydrophobicity and therapeutic effects. The carriers had high encapsulation and loading efficiency (>95% and 10 wt%, respectively) and formed hydrogen bonds with the drugs. They were spherical in phosphate buffer saline and formed aggregates of various sizes (11–116 nm) depending on the star composition and the drug type. The carriers were stable for 2 months, but released different amounts of drugs afterwards, except for curcumin, which stayed entrapped. The curcumin‐loaded carriers also generated reactive oxygen species. These findings demonstrate the versatility of PHPMA/POEGMA stars as nanocarriers for diverse applications in nanomedicine.
Ce‐Doped TiO2 Fabricated Glassy Carbon Electrode for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Medium
Authors: Islam Md. Nurnobi , Hossain Md. Mosaraf , Maktedar Shrikant S. , Rahaman Mostafizur , Rahman Mohammad Atiqur , Aldalbahi Ali , Hasnat Mohammad A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe quest for sustainable and clean energy sources has intensified research on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) in recent decades. In this study, we have presented a novel Ce‐doped TiO2 catalyst synthesized through the sol‐gel method, showcasing its potential as a superior electrocatalyst for HER in an acidic medium. Comprehensive characterization through X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), and Raman spectroscopy confirms the successful formation of the catalyst. Electrocatalytic performance evaluation, including open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Tafel analysis, demonstrates that GCE‐5wt.%CeTiO2 outperforms bare GCE, as well as Ce and TiO2‐based electrodes. Kinetic investigations reveal a Tafel slope of 105 mV dec−1, indicating the Volmer step as the rate‐determining step. The onset potential for HER at GCE‐5wt.%CeTiO2 is −0.16 V vs. RHE, close to the platinum electrode. Notably, the catalyst exhibits a low overpotential of 401 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with an impressive 95 % Faradaic efficiency. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrates outstanding durability, maintaining a negligible increase in overpotential during a 14‐hour chronoamperometry test. These results have far‐reaching implications for the development of cost‐effective and efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen production.
Transforming native exosomes to engineered drug vehicles: A smart solution to modern cancer theranostics
Authors: Sahoo Rajeev Kumar , Tripathi Surya Kant , Biswal Stuti , Panda Munmun , Mathapati Santosh S. , Biswal Bijesh Kumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExosomes have been the hidden treasure of the cell in terms of cellular interactions, transportation and therapy. The native exosomes (NEx) secreted by the parent cells hold promising aspects in cancer diagnosis and therapy. NEx has low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, low toxicity and high stability which enables them to be an ideal prognostic biomarker in cancer diagnosis. However, due to heterogeneity, NEx lacks specificity and accuracy to be used as therapeutic drug delivery vehicle in cancer therapy. Transforming these NEx with their innate structure and multiple receptors to engineered exosomes (EEx) can provide better opportunities in the field of cancer theranostics. The surface of the NEx exhibits numeric receptors which can be modified to pave the direction of its therapeutic drug delivery in cancer therapy. Through surface membrane, EEx can be modified with increased drug loading potentiality and higher target specificity to act as a therapeutic nanocarrier for drug delivery. This review provides insights into promising aspects of NEx as a prognostic biomarker and drug delivery tool along with its need for the transformation to EEx in cancer theranostics. We have also highlighted different methods associated with NEx transformations, their nano‐bio interaction with recipient cells and major challenges of EEx for clinical application in cancer theranostics.
Engineering A‐type Dye‐Decolorizing Peroxidases by Modification of a Conserved Glutamate Residue
Authors: Hermann Enikö , Rodrigues Carolina F. , Martins Lígia O. , Peterbauer Clemens , Oostenbrink Chris 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDye‐decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs) are recently identified microbial enzymes that have been used in several Biotechnology applications from wastewater treatment to lignin valorization. However, their properties and mechanism of action still have many open questions. Their heme‐containing active site is buried by three conserved flexible loops with a putative role in modulating substrate access and enzyme catalysis. Here, we investigated the role of a conserved glutamate residue in stabilizing interactions in loop 2 of A‐type DyPs. First, we did site saturation mutagenesis of this residue, replacing it with all possible amino acids in bacterial DyPs from Bacillus subtilis (BsDyP) and from Kitasatospora aureofaciens (KaDyP1), the latter being characterized here for the first time. We screened the resulting libraries of variants for activity towards ABTS and identified variants with increased catalytic efficiency. The selected variants were purified and characterized for activity and stability. We furthermore used Molecular Dynamics simulations to rationalize the increased catalytic efficiency and found that the main reason is the electron channeling becoming easier from surface‐exposed tryptophans. Based on our findings, we also propose that this glutamate could work as a pH switch in the wild‐type enzyme, preventing intracellular damage.
Penile cavernosal abscess after urethral injury
Authors: Yamamoto Koichiro , Honda Hiroyuki , Hasegawa Kou , Hagiya Hideharu , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageWe present a patient catheterized for prostatic lesions who developed sepsis of urinary origin with a penile cavernosal abscess due to urethral injury caused by catheter ballooning. Urethral injury might lead to a life‐threatening penile abscess.
Multifunctional Metal‐Organic Frameworks as Catalysts for Tandem Reactions
Authors: Wang Yu‐Mei , Ning Guo‐Hong , Li Dan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOwing to well‐defined structure as well as easy synthesis and modification, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising catalysts for tandem reactions. In this article, we aim to summarize the development of multifunctional MOFs, including mixed metal MOFs, MOFs that are synergistically catalyzed by metal nodes and organic linkers, MOFs loaded with metal nanoparticles, etc, as heterogenous catalysts for tandem reactions over the past five years. This concept briefly discusses on present challenges, future trends, and prospects of multifunctional MOFs catalysts in tandem reactions.
TBADT‐Mediated Photocatalytic Stereoselective Radical Alkylation of Chiral N‐Sulfinyl Imines: Towards Efficient Synthesis of Diverse Chiral Amines
Authors: Leone Matteo , Milton Joseph P. , Gryko Dorota , Neuville Luc , Masson Géraldine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein we describe a sustainable and efficient photocatalytic method for the stereoselective radical alkylation of chiral sulfinyl imines. By employing readily available non‐prefunctionalized radical precursors and the cost‐effective TBADT as a direct HAT photocatalyst, we successfully obtain diverse chiral amines with high yields and excellent diastereoselectivity under mild conditions. This method provides an efficient approach for accessing a diverse array of medicinally relevant compounds, including both natural and synthetic α‐amino acids, aryl ethyl amines, and other structural motifs commonly found in approved pharmaceuticals and natural product.
Efficacy and specificity of melanopsin reporters for retinal ganglion cells
Authors: Maloney Ryan , Quattrochi Lauren , Yoon James , Souza Rachel , Berson David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are specialized retinal output neurons that mediate behavioral, neuroendocrine, and developmental responses to environmental light. There are diverse molecular strategies for marking ipRGCs, especially in mice, making them among the best characterized retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). With the development of more sensitive reporters, new subtypes of ipRGCs have emerged. We therefore tested high‐sensitivity reporter systems to see whether we could reveal yet more. Substantial confusion remains about which of the available methods, if any, label all and only ipRGCs. Here, we compared many different methods for labeling of ipRGCs, including anti‐melanopsin immunofluorescence, Opn4‐GFP BAC transgenic mice, and Opn4cre mice crossed with three different Cre‐specific reporters (Z/EG, Ai9, and Ai14) or injected with Cre‐dependent (DIO) AAV2. We show that Opn4cre mice, when crossed with sensitive Cre‐reporter mice, label numerous ganglion cell types that lack intrinsic photosensitivity. Though other methods label ipRGCs specifically, they do not label the entire population of ipRGCs. We conclude that no existing method labels all and only ipRGCs. We assess the appropriateness of each reporter for particular applications and integrate findings across reporters to estimate that the overall abundance of ipRGCs among mouse RGCs may approach 11%.
Network partition detection and recovery with the integration of unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Zear Aditi , Ranga Virender , Gola Kamal Kumar 
Published: February 2024

SummaryWireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs) consist of nodes associated in an ad hoc manner to perform sensing tasks for information gathering and acting functions on the basis of gathered information. Connectivity is an essential requirement of large‐scale wireless networks, and WSANs are supposed to stay connected. The nodes in hostile environments are prone to failures such as battery depletion, physical damage, or hardware malfunction. The failure of some nodes, like cut vertex nodes, can partition the network into multiple network segments. Most of the solutions for network partition recovery proposed in the literature depend on the assumption that the network is obstacle‐free. However, an obstacle‐free environment is not possible in real‐life situations. In the last few decades, UAVs or drones have been engaged in various applications such as industrial inspections, remote sensing, agriculture, military, disaster relief, and so forth, UAVs can be employed to strengthen the connections in wireless networks by coordinating with ground nodes since they can render services in rough areas where ground nodes cannot provide services. Thus, our research is based on using UAVs as relay nodes to reconnect the disjoint partitions. This paper proposes two algorithms: Drone assisted partition recovery algorithm (DAPRA) and drone assisted detection and partition recovery algorithm (DADPRA). In both algorithms, partitions are detected by the sink node. In DAPRA sink node determines the failed cut‐vertex node and sends UAV to the location of the failed cut‐vertex node. In DADPRA algorithm, UAV identifies the failed cut‐vertex node and reconnects the disjoint network segments. DAPRA and DADPRA are analyzed according to the state‐of‐the‐art parameters, that is, recovery and detection time, UAV's travel distance, and the total messages transmitted. The proposed algorithms are compared with similar Distributed Partition Detection and Recovery using UAV (DPDRU) approach. The simulation results show the proposed algorithms detect network partitioning in less time as compared to DPDRU approach.
Synchrotron Radiation Based X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy: Fundamentals and Applications in Photocatalysis
Authors: Cai Mengdie , Sun Song , Bao Jun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotocatalysis is one of the most promising green technologies to utilize solar energy for clean energy achievement and environmental governance. There is a knotty problem to rational designing high‐performance photocatalyst, which largely depends on an in‐depth insight into their structure‐activity relationships and complex photocatalytic reaction mechanisms. Synchrotron radiation based X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is an important characterization method for photocatlayst to offer the element‐specific key geometric and electronic structural information at the atomic level, on this basis, time‐resolved XAS technique has a huge impact on mechanistic understanding of photochemical reaction owing to their powerful ability to probe, in real‐time, the electronic and geometric structures evolution within photocatalysis reactions. This review will focus on the fundamentals of XAS and their applications in photocatalysis. The detailed applications obtained from XAS is described through the following aspects: 1) identifying local structure of photocatalyst; 2) uncovering in situ structure and chemical state evolution during photocatalysis; 3) revealing the photoexcited process. We will provide an in depth understanding on how the XAS method can guide the rational design of highly efficient photocatalyst. Finally, a systematic summary of XAS and related significance is made and the research perspectives are suggested.
Covalent bonding of N‐hydroxyphthalimide on mesoporous silica for catalytic aerobic oxidation of p‐xylene at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Berniak Tomasz , Łątka Piotr , Drozdek Marek , Rokicińska Anna , Jaworski Aleksander , Leyva‐Pérez Antonio , Kuśtrowski Piotr 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe surface of SBA‐15 mesoporous silica was modified by N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) moieties acting as immobilized active species for aerobic oxidation of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons. The incorporation was carried out by four original approaches: the grafting‐from and grafting‐onto techniques, using the presence of surface silanols enabling the formation of particularly stable O−Si−C bonds between the silica support and the organic modifier. The strategies involving the Heck coupling led to the formation of NHPI groups separated from the SiO2 surface by a vinyl linker, while one of the developed modification paths based on the grafting of an appropriate organosilane coupling agent resulted in the active phase devoid of this structural element. The successful course of the synthesis was verified by FTIR and 1H NMR measurements. Furthermore, the formed materials were examined in terms of their chemical composition (elemental analysis, thermal analysis), structure of surface groups (13C NMR, XPS), porosity (low‐temperature N2 adsorption), and tested as catalysts in the aerobic oxidation of p‐xylene at atmospheric pressure. The highest conversion and selectivity to p‐toluic acid were achieved using the catalyst with enhanced availability of non‐hydrolyzed NHPI groups in the pore system. The catalytic stability of the material was additionally confirmed in several subsequent reaction cycles.
Does environmental, social, and governance practice boost corporate human capital inflow in China? From the perspective of stakeholder response
Authors: Liu Chang , Xin Zihao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFew studies have answered how different stakeholders' responses to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practice, including creditors, investors, and media, influence the relationship between ESG practice and high‐quality job‐seekers, which is reflected in corporate human capital inflow. Therefore, we analyze the nexus above theoretically from the perspective of stakeholder theory and examine empirically whether corporate ESG practice can promote corporate human capital inflow, drawing on 8924 firm‐year observations of Chinese‐listed companies during 2011–2020. The findings demonstrate that ESG practice stimulates corporate human capital inflow, which is enhanced when economic policy uncertainty, debt costs, equity costs, or the proportion of female directors is high, whereas weakened when the negative media coverage is high. Further research finds that an underlying mechanism, via corporate visibility, ESG practice can prompt corporate human capital inflow and that the elevating role is more significant in non‐state‐owned or non‐manufacturing enterprises than in state‐owned or manufacturing. Overall, our findings provide a new standpoint to comprehend the interaction of different stakeholder's responses to ESG practice, which enables scholars and managers to understand ESG practice and its effects better.
The Progress of Polymer Composites Protecting Safe Li Metal Batteries: Solid‐/Quasi‐Solid Electrolytes and Electrolyte Additives
Authors: Liu Xiaoyue , Shi Wenjun , Zhuang Sidong , Liu Yu , He Di , Feng Gang , Ge Tao , Wang Tianyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe impressive theoretical capacity and low electrode potential render Li metal anodes the most promising candidate for next‐generation Li‐based batteries. However, uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites and associated parasitic reactions have impeded their cycling stability and raised safety concerns regarding future commercialization. The uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites and associated parasitic reactions, however, pose challenges to the cycling stability and safety concerns for future commercialization. To tackle these challenges and enhance safety, a range of polymers have demonstrated promising potential owing to their distinctive electrochemical, physical, and mechanical properties. This review provides a comprehensive discussion on the utilization of polymers in rechargeable Li‐metal batteries, encompassing solid polymer electrolytes, quasi‐solid electrolytes, and electrolyte polymer additives. Furthermore, it conducts an analysis of the benefits and challenges associated with employing polymers in various applications. Lastly, this review puts forward future development directions and proposes potential strategies for integrating polymers into Li metal anodes.
Cu‐Catalyzed Tandem Oxidation‐Intramolecular Cannizzaro Reaction of Biorenewables and Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Petkov Hristo , Ravutsov Martin A. , Verganista Manuel J. , Mitrev Yavor N. , Candeias Nuno R. , Simeonov Svilen P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA tandem Cu‐catalyzed oxidation‐intramolecular Cannizzaro reaction leading to bioactive α‐hydroxyesters from α‐hydroxyketones is reported. The process uses oxygen as a sole oxidant to achieve the formation of glyoxals, which are efficiently converted in situ to important α‐hydroxyesters. The mechanistic insights are provided by isotopic labeling and supported by DFT calculations. The transformation proved a robust synthetic tool to achieve the synthesis of human metabolites and hydroxyl esters of various biologically active steroid derivatives.
Piquing artificial intelligence towards drug discovery: Tools, techniques, and applications
Authors: Agu Peter Chinedu , Obulose Chidiebere Nwiboko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to discuss how artificial intelligence (AI) methods have affected the field of drug development. It looks at how AI models and data resources are reshaping the drug development process by offering more affordable and expedient options to conventional approaches. The paper opens with an overview of well‐known information sources for drug development. The discussion then moves on to molecular representation techniques that make it possible to convert data into representations that computers can understand. The paper also gives a general overview of the algorithms used in the creation of drug discovery models based on AI. In particular, the paper looks at how AI algorithms might be used to forecast drug toxicity, drug bioactivity, and drug physicochemical properties. De novo drug design, binding affinity prediction, and other AI‐based models for drug–target interaction were covered in deeper detail. Modern applications of AI in nanomedicine design and pharmacological synergism/antagonism prediction were also covered. The potential advantages of AI in drug development are highlighted as the evaluation comes to a close. It underlines how AI may greatly speed up and improve the efficiency of drug discovery, resulting in the creation of new and better medicines. To fully realize the promise of AI in drug discovery, the review acknowledges the difficulties that come with its uses in this field and advocates for more study and development.