bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OR18-04 Leptin Decreases Gluconeogenesis And Gluconeogenic Substrate Availability In Patients With Lipodystrophy
Authors: Quaye Emmanuel , Chacko Shaji , Startzell Megan , Brown Rebecca J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: E. Quaye: None. S. Chacko: None. M. Startzell: None. R.J. Brown: Other; Self; Metreleptin for the study was donated by Amryt Pharma.
Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that signals overall energy sufficiency. In patients with lipodystrophy, treatment with recombinant leptin (metreleptin) improved measures of glycemia and decreased energy expenditure. We hypothesized that metreleptin in patients with lipodystrophy would decrease gluconeogenesis (GNG) and gluconeogenic substrates through improvements in peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity.
We conducted a single-arm prospective study of metreleptin administration in 9 patients with lipodystrophy from 2013-2018. The main outcomes of this study were basal and insulin-mediated suppression of GNG, carbon sources for GNG (glycerol rate of appearance (Ra) measured with isotope tracers, and plasma alanine and lactate), palmitate Ra (a driver of GNG, measured with isotope tracers), and peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity (measured as glucose disposal during a hyperinsulinemic clamp, and % suppression of glucose Ra during the clamp, respectively).
Peripheral insulin sensitivity increased 2-fold (by 115±134%; P=0.001) after 6 months of metreleptin. Hepatic insulin sensitivity increased from 61% to 81% after 6 months of metreleptin with a trend toward statistical significance (P=0.08; 6 months vs. baseline). Basal GNG decreased by 16±12%, from 12.4±3.9 to 10.9±2.6 µmol/kgLBM/min, after 2 weeks of metreleptin (P=0.02) but did not change after 6 months (P=0.2). Metreleptin increased insulin-mediated suppression of GNG during the hyperinsulinemic clamp from 73% at baseline to 91% after 2 weeks (P&lt;0.002; 2 weeks vs. baseline), and 94% after 6 months (P&lt;0.001; 6 months vs. baseline). Alanine was unchanged after 2 weeks of metreleptin (P=0.1) but decreased by 21±22% after 6 months (P=0.005). There was a positive correlation between alanine and GNG at baseline (r=0.8, P=0.01), 2 weeks (r=0.8, P=0.03) and 6 months (r=0.9, P=0.002). Lactate decreased by 20±18% after 2 weeks (P=0.014) and 21±24% (P=0.001) after 6 months of metreleptin. There was no significant decrease in glycerol or palmitate Ra after 2 weeks of metreleptin, but palmitate Ra decreased after 6 months (P=0.04). Metreleptin treatment in patients with lipodystrophy reduced basal GNG and increased insulin mediated suppression of GNG. Reduced GNG may be mediated by improved insulin sensitivity leading to reductions in alanine and lactate, which are carbon sources for GNG. Associations between alanine and GNG persisted after metreleptin, suggesting that potential therapeutic interventions to reduce protein turnover in insulin-resistant states may improve glucose homeostasis.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
SAT031 The Effect Of Metformin On Increasing Glucose Metabolism And Secretion In The Distal Intestine
Authors: Ho Nam Jung , Woo Kang Chan , Hun OH Ju , Kyung Wang Eun , Hyun Lee Soo , Won Hong Jae , Jig Lee Eun , Ryong Ku Cheol 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: J. Nam: None. C. Kang: None. J. Oh: None. E. Wang: None. S. Lee: None. J. Hong: None. E. Lee: None. C. Ku: None.
Object: Although the effect of metformin is widely known, little research has been performed on clinical significance and potential mechanism of increased intestinal glucose uptake which is commonly found in [18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography. The aim of this study is to assess the altered glucose metabolism in the combined colon and terminal small intestine after metformin treatment. Material and Method: Radioactivity of FDG was measured in metformin treated mouse to evaluate the glucose uptake in the various tissue. qPCR and immunoblot were performed to examine the glucose metabolism in small intestine and colon. Autoradiography and gamma counts were used for measuring FDG uptake in small intestine and colon. IEC6 and Caco-2 cell lines were used for small intestine and colon respectively for in vitro experiment. Result: 150mg/kg metformin treatment for 7 days improved glucose homeostasis in c57BL6 mice (AUC 0.8- fold, p&lt;0.05). Gradual increase in FDG absorption was observed along the intestine in an autoradiography and gamma counter. Especially distal ileum (9-fold, p &lt;0.0001) and colon (15-fold, &lt;0.0001) showed increased glucose uptake than proximal intestine (Duodenum no significance, Jejunum 3-fold, P&lt;0.01). Interestingly, glucose content in the fecal flush was elevated in metformin treated mice (13.5-fold, p&lt;0.01). In line with the in vivo result, metformin enhanced glucose uptake in IEC6 (3-fold, p&lt;0.01) cell compared to the non-treat control cells (NT). qPCR and Immunoblot results showed that metformin treatment enhanced GLUT1 expression (1.6-fold, p&lt;0.01) compared to the NT. Hexokinase2 (HK2), known as glycolysis marker, shown to be increased (1.4-fold, p&lt;0.01) by the metformin treatment in IEC6 and Caco-2 cells compared to the NT. GLUT1 expression was also increased in the metformin treated mice small intestine and colon than in vehicle treated mice. Conclusion: Taken together, our data suggest that metformin increases the glucose metabolism of distal small intestine and colon by the upregulation of GLUT1 expression. Enhanced glucose metabolism induced by metformin was correlated with the improved glucose homeostasis. Our data suggests the novel mechanism of metformin in the G.I tract that involved to some extent in the disposal of excess glucose in in vitro and in vivo system.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
SAT036 Chlorthalidone Implicated In The Development Of DKA HHS Overlap In A Patient With Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hilder Robin T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: R.T. Hilder: None.
Introduction: Thiazide diuretics are routinely used in the management of hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance is a well-known side effect of these medications. This case reports on a patient with type II Diabetes Mellitus newly initiated on Chlorthalidone, presenting with complications of profound hyperglycemia consistent with an overlap of HHS (Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state) and DKA (Diabetic ketoacidosis). Case: A 61-year-old Hispanic male with history of Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Left Cerebellar Hemorrhage and Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Metformin 500mg twice daily, presented with a 2-month history of fatigue, polyuria and polydipsia. Lab work was significant for blood glucose 908 mg/dl, pH 7.28, HCO3 15, Anion Gap 25 and elevated beta-hydroxybutyrate of 10.82 mmol/l. HbA1c was 12.7%, up from 8.8% three weeks prior. C-peptide 0.7 ng/ml and GAD-65 Ab &lt;5 IU/ml. For hypertension, the patient was adherent with titrated doses of Amlodipine, Benazepril and Hydralazine and newly initiated on Chlorthalidone 25mg daily, 2 weeks prior. There were no infectious signs or symptoms nor alternative precipitant for the hyperglycemia identified. The patient was admitted to the ICU for an overlap of DKA and HHS. The anion gap closed, and acidosis resolved within 24 hours with IV fluid resuscitation and Insulin drip on DKA protocol. He was discharged on Glargine 30 units daily, Lispro 8 units three times daily with meals and Metformin 500mg BID. Discussion: This patient’s presentation of hyperglycemia and ketosis in the absence of profound acidosis is suggestive of HHS, consistent with his protracted course preceding admission. His elevated beta-hydroxybutyrate however is more typically associated with DKA. With no other precipitant for the severe hyperglycemia and rapid rise in HbA1c identified, Chlorthalidone is the likely trigger. Thiazide diuretics are recognized to cause impaired glucose tolerance but there are few case reports on the development of HHS/DKA. The severity of this presentation in a patient otherwise routinely prescribed Chlorthalidone as an outpatient, without indication for blood glucose monitoring, highlights the need for greater research and awareness for this potentially fatal complication.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
Popular Votes on Tobacco Tax Increases, 2012–2022
Authors: Ferraiolo Kathleen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Context: Researchers have examined the campaign strategies, messaging, and outcomes of popular votes on tobacco tax increases from 1998 to 2008, but no study has investigated measures that have appeared since 2008.
Methods: The author uses state newspaper archives, voter pamphlets, academic reports, advocacy websites, and personal interviews to obtain information about the 11 tobacco tax increase ballot measures that appeared from 2012 to 2022.
Findings: The three measures that succeeded during 2012–2022 featured sufficient financial resources, collaboration with influential stakeholders, and early public support. Two of the three successful measures offered significant concessions to the tobacco industry, and both were designed as legislatively referred statutes. Elsewhere, proponents sought unsuccessfully to enact citizen-led initiatives that would allocate revenue to progressive policy priorities. In contrast to previous eras, tobacco industry arguments often centered around antitax and antigovernment rhetoric, which was viewed as especially compelling in conservative states. The industry's success rate was higher than in the past, and it continued to outspend its opponents, sometimes by staggering margins.
Conclusions: Campaign spending and early support remain critical to the success of tobacco tax ballot measures. Big Tobacco can extract significant concessions even in defeat, and direct democracy is an effective but imperfect ally to tobacco control advocates.
Effectiveness of Integrated Emotional-Self Enhancement (IESE) program among staff nurses: protocol for a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Saikia Monalisa , George Linu Sara , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , George Anice , Ravishankar N 
Published: October 2023

Background: Staff nurses face frequent emotional situations in their work environment. The constant contact with suffering patients, and the busy work environment, pose tremendous stress on nurses' physical and emotional health. The Emotional Intelligence skills of empathy, self-awareness, motivation, self-control, and keeping relationships, can help handle difficult emotions and allow nurses to work in an organized, calm, and professional way. This study aims to implement and assess the effectiveness of a training program developed by the investigator, tailored to the mental and emotional needs of staff nurses who are working in an organisation. The study also aims to observe any significant change, correlation, and association in the staff nurses’ level of emotional intelligence, intrinsic motivation, self-compassion, emotional labour, and nurse-in-charges’ and patients’ perception of nursing care after the program. Methods: A quasi-experimental (one-group) study design will be used in this study. The study will involve 80 staff nurses working in a selected hospital in India. The staff nurses will be selected from the hospital's general wards using convenience sampling. The investigator will deliver a training program, divided into four sessions of two hours each. Data will be collected from the participants at baseline and 3-months pre-intervention; and post-test data will be collected immediately after the intervention, at 3-month, and 6-month follow-up, to observe any significant change in the study variables before and after the intervention. Results: The current study primarily focuses on the vital aspect of developing emotional needs, for promoting a better work-life balance. Research findings from the study will significantly contribute to the evidence-based Emotional Intelligence programs for staff nurses, and if proven effective, could be delivered extensively in hospitals. Trial registration: The study is registered in June 2019 under the Central Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2019/08/020592).
The prevalence of cyclothymic disorder among first-year students at a health sciences university in Central India
Authors: Quazi Anam , Berry Svanjita , Logue Rachel , Gaidhane Shilpa , Parve Swapnil 
Published: October 2023

Background: Cyclothymic disorder includes hypomanic and depressive symptoms that do not meet standards for hypomanic episodes and major depressive symptoms. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of cyclothymic disorders in medical, physiotherapy, and dental 1st-year students aged 18–22 years old in Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIHER), Wardha. Methods: The study is designed as a cross-sectional study where a web-based survey will be used to evaluate the prevalence of the cyclothymic disorder in 154 first-year Health Professional Education (HPE) students at a university in Central India. Conclusions: This study will assess the prevalence of cyclothymic disorders in HPE students and investigate relationships between different fields of study, age, gender, socio-economic status, place of temporary residence (home/hostel/paying guest), history of addiction (smoking/alcohol/substance abuse/other), past medical history (physical and/or mental), and family history (divorced parents/history of childhood abuse).
BER analysis of a full-duplex relay-assisted BPSK-SIM based VLC system for indoor applications
Authors: Bhargava Kumar L. , Prasad Naik Ramavath , Choudhari Datta , Krishnan Prabu , Goutham Simha G. D. , Jagadeesh V. K. 
Published: October 2023

This paper contemplates a relay-assisted visible light communication (VLC) system, where the light source (table lamp) acts as a relay node and cooperates with the main light source. Following the IEEE 802.15.7r1 VLC reference channel model, we assume that there are two different light sources present in an office room. The first one is the source terminal present on the ceiling and another one is the desk lamp that serves as the relay station, which works in a full-duplex method. Because of the loop interference channel, we model the VLC relay terminal using ray tracing simulations. We have analyzed the bit error rate (BER) performance of the relay-assisted VLC system using a binary phase shift keying–subcarrier intensity modulation (BPSK-SIM) technique. The proposed method outperforms existing phase shift keying (PSK) and square M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) techniques. The proposed VLC system using the BPSK-SIM technique achieves a BER performance of 10−12 for an SNR of 20 dB. The results of the proposed full-duplex and half-duplex relayed VLC systems are evaluated using equal power allocation (EPA) and optimum power allocation (OPA) techniques over three different modulation schemes, which are 2-PSK, square M-QAM, and BPSK-SIM.
Photonic spin Hall effect in a graphene-incorporated quasi-PT symmetric system and the miniaturization of nanophotonic devices
Authors: Dong Peng , Cheng Jie 
Published: October 2023

By inserting the monolayer graphene between the balanced gain and loss layers, the graphene-incorporated quasi-parity-time (PT) symmetric structure is established. In this contribution, the introduction of graphene provides a new degree of freedom to manipulate the optical performance as well as the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE). The coherent perfect absorption (CPA)-laser mode still remains in the graphene-incorporated quasi-PT symmetric system, and the spin shift of transmitted light can be significantly enhanced (i.e., up to its upper limitation) in the vicinity of CPA-laser mode, which is 18 times larger than the value of a simple PT symmetric structure. In addition, the excitation of the CPA-laser mode and the huge spin shift of transmitted light can be achieved with the thin gain/loss layers, which will be conducive to the miniaturization of nanophotonic devices based on the photonic SHE in the future.
Flexible, self-powered, and polarization-sensitive photodetector based on perovskite lateral heterojunction microwire arrays
Authors: Li Shun-Xin , Feng Jia-Cheng , An Yang , Xia Hong 
Published: October 2023

The fabrication of different perovskite materials with superior properties into lateral heterostructures can greatly improve device performance and polarization sensitivity. However, the sensitivity of perovskites to solvents and environmental factors makes the fabrication of lateral heterojunctions difficult. Here, we realize high-quality perovskite microwire crystal heterojunction arrays using regioselective ion exchange. Photodetectors with responsivity and detectivity up to 748  A  W−1 and 8.2×1012 Jones are fabricated. The photodetector exhibits responsivity as high as 13.5  A  W−1 at 0 V bias. In addition, the device exhibits ultra-high polarization sensitivity with a dichroic ratio of 5.6, and 81% of its performance was maintained after 144 days of exposure to air.
PROBLEMAS DE QUALIDADE DE INSUMOS VEGETAIS NO SETOR MAGISTRAL BRASILEIRO: UMA ANÁLISE DA LITERATURA E DE CERTIFICADOS DE FARMÁCIAS DE MARINGÁ, PARANÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Gancedo Naiara Cássia , De Mello João Carlos Palazzo , Bresolin Tania Mari Bellé 
Published: October 2023

O setor magistral apresenta um crescimento consistente no mercado farmacêutico brasileiro e a questão da qualidade de insumos vegetais, em sua maioria importados, representa uma preocupação à medida em que vem aumentando a demanda por produtos magistrais, por parte de profissionais farmacêuticos, médicos, nutricionistas, entre outros. Este trabalho visou, inicialmente, levantar dados da literatura sobre a qualidade de insumos vegetais magistrais e, em um segundo momento, analisar o resultado dos serviços analíticos prestado pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) no controle de qualidade destes insumos, para farmácias magistrais, entre 11/2020 a 12/2022. Foram encontrados 14 artigos utilizando as palavras-chaves selecionadas, destes, 7 artigos atendiam aos critérios de inclusão, revelando a escassez deste tipo de estudo. No período de 25 meses, 36 insumos vegetais foram analisados pelo laboratório PALAFITO da UEM. A maioria das amostras foram aprovados, porém cerca de 14% (n=5) foram reprovadas, sendo 5,6% (n=2) devido à ausência do marcador. Estes resultados revelam a fragilidade do processo de qualificação de fornecedores pelo setor magistral ou ausência do processo. Em vários casos, foram evidenciados problemas relacionados a ensaios não realizados pelas farmácias, uma vez que seus fornecedores tenham sido qualificados.Palabraschaves: farmácia clínica; cuidado farmacêutico; educação farmacêutica; farmácia prática; serviços farmacêuticos; farmacêutico clínico.
Ancient spring waters still emerging and accessible in the Roman Forum area: Chemical–physical and microbiological characterization
Authors: Sammartino Maria Pia , Grendene Anna , Astolfi Maria Luisa , Marcheggiani Stefania , Mancini Laura , Vitali Matteo , Antonucci Arianna , Baldassarri Paola , Della Giovampaola Irma , Visco Giovanni 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The presence of abundant surface and underground waters and, consequently, fertile and flat soils favored the birth and expansion of Rome. Before the construction of the first aqueduct, the “springs” were probably the only source of drinking water in Rome. At the same time, today, many of them are only scarce outcrops that, anyway, constitute an important heritage for their hydrogeological, archaeological, and monumental significance. In the present study, a multiparametric analytical approach is reported to highlight possible differences among the still emerging and accessible sources in the area of the Roman Forum and to exclude infiltrations from the water and/or sewage network. Temperature, conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and redox potential were measured in situ, while the salt and bicarbonate content, the fixed residue, some UV-Vis indices, and the volatile organic compounds were determined in the laboratory. The microbiological water quality was evaluated by assaying Escherichia coli, intestinal Enterococci, and Salmonella, with the total bacterial count at 22 and 37°C. As expected, all samples are non-potable. Nevertheless, the comparison of data on standpipes close to the springs allowed us to exclude important infiltrations from the water network and the microbiological analysis of those from the sewer network.
Concealment of the face and new physiognomies
Authors: Delupi Baal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Facial recognition technology has enabled governments and private companies to have control of millions of faces in different countries around the world. This becomes dangerous since it threatens the privacy of citizens, which is why different activists demonstrate against this form of control and surveillance using different technological and aesthetic resources to prevent said recognition. This work aims at showing how face concealment can be a powerful semiotic device that can slow down or divert facial recognition technology, configuring new physiognomies. We begin by characterizing the forms of concealment of the face in the contemporary digital age, and then we analyze, from a semiotic perspective, a particular case: the different types of makeup that Adam Harvey proposes so that faces cannot be recognized. The results of the investigation show how this form of face concealment that generates new physiognomies builds political senses of resistance against advanced technology that aims to identify, monitor, and control human faces.
Silica-titania mesoporous silicas of MCM-41 type as effective catalysts and photocatalysts for selective oxidation of diphenyl sulfide by H2O2
Authors: Dubiel Wiktoria , Kowalczyk Andrzej , Jankowska Aleksandra , Michalik Marek , Mozgawa Włodzimierz , Kobielusz Marcin , Macyk Wojciech , Chmielarz Lucjan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Spherical Ti-MCM-41, synthetized by co-condensation method, presented very promising activity in catalytic and photocatalytic oxidation of diphenyl sulfide with H2O2 to obtain diphenyl sulfoxide and diphenyl sulfone. Mesoporous silica materials with various titanium content were analyzed with respect to chemical composition (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), structure properties (X-ray diffraction), textural properties (low-temperature N2 adsorption–desorption), morphology (scanning electron microscopy), forms and aggregation introduced titanium species (diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy), and surface acidity (NH3-TPD). Titanium introduced in the samples was present mainly in the form of highly dispersed species, presenting catalytic and photocatalytic activities in diphenyl sulfide oxidation with H2O2. Efficiency of the reaction increased with an increase in titanium loading in the samples and was significantly intensified under UV irradiation. The role of various Ti species in diphenyl sulfide oxidation was presented and discussed.
Die Angeber
Authors: Bilstein Johannes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDie Auseinandersetzung um den Umgang mit dem Überfluss und um die Bewertung des Luxus lässt sich in der europäischen Tradition bis in die Antike zurückverfolgen. Mit dem Beginn des bürgerlichen Zeitalters erfährt der Überfluss dann eine neue normative Einordnung, die sich entlang von ökonomischen und moralisch-sittlichen Argumentationslogiken entfaltet. Veblens Theorie der feinen Leute liefert dann 1899 eine theoretische Matrix, die es erlaubt, den Umgang mit dem Überfluss historisch und soziologisch zu analysieren. Diese Grundlage wirkt bis zu Pierre Bourdieu, lässt allerdings bildungstheoretische Reflexionen außen vor.
Überfluss und Luxus
Authors: Krebs Moritz 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDieser Artikel befasst sich mit dem Zusammenhang von Überfluss und Luxus. Neben einem semantischen wird auch ein historisch-systematischer Zugang gewählt, um den Statuswandel des Überflüssigen und Luxuriösen insbesondere in der Moderne näher zu bestimmen und die historisch-materielle Bedingtheit des Überflüssigen in den Blick zu nehmen.