bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a home-based physical rehabilitation program via virtual reality on the functional outcomes of frail older adults: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Mohamed Zein El-AbdeenMohamed Doaa , Noshy Abd EL-Aziz Mohamed Heba , Hassan Abd Elhameed Soad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Given the rapid aging of the population in Egypt, efforts to slow down or prevent frailty. Virtual reality technology constitutes a promising rehabilitation strategy, but its effect on frailty in older adults remains inconclusive. A non-equivalent control pre, post, and follow-up test design was used with a sample of 70 prefrail or frail older adults. In 3 urbans affiliated to Dakahlia governorate, tools of data collection; Mini-Cog, Structured Interview Schedule, Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe of the Frailty Indicator (FI), Short Physical Performance Battery, and Falls Efficacy Scale. For each group, a significant improvement in frailty, physical performance, and falls from each measurement period to immediately after (p < 0.001), and within the 30-days study period while those in the control group were relatively stable over time and sometime worsen. The baseline characteristics and assessment results were similar between groups. We observed significant improvements in the intervention group in terms of frailty criteria, standing balance, gait speed, chair stand, and fear of fall. No improvements were observed in the control group, we anticipate a decrease in frailty index, and increase in standing balance, reinforcing the proven benefits of the exercise in this vulnerable population.
The impact of glucocorticoid receptor transactivation on context-dependent cell migration dynamics
Authors: Pósa Szonja Polett , Saskői Éva , Bársony Lili , Pongor Lőrinc , Fekete Fanni , Papp János , Bozsik Anikó , Patócs Attila , Butz Henriett 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) plays a significant role in breast cancer cell behaviour, although data on its effects are conflicting. The impact of GR agonist dexamethasone (dex) and antagonist mifepristone (mif) on oestrogen-positive (ER+) and triple-negative (TN) breast cancer cell lines in both 2D and 3D cultures was studied using multiple in vitro functional assays and transcriptome sequencing. GR activation increased cell motility in TN but not in ER + tumour cells, as observed in both collective and single-cell migration tests. Time-lapse analysis showed enhanced motility after 4–6 h in wound healing, despite dex inhibiting migration initially. This inhibition was observed at 2 h in single-cell tracking migration assays. Cell proliferation increased in TN and decreased in ER + cells upon GR activation, reversed by GR antagonist. RNA sequencing revealed dex’s impact on cell adhesion and extracellular matrix signalling in TN cells and on DNA replication in ER + cells. Based on data from 1085 human breast cancer specimens, GR pathway expression correlated with migratory, extracellular matrix, and angiogenesis gene signatures. Additionally, higher expression of GR and increased GR signature were observed in fast-migrating cells compared to slow-migrating ones. Positive correlation between the GR signature and migration signature at the single-cell level indicated an association between GR activity and cell migration. For the first time, we assessed altered time-lapse migration dynamics in TN breast cancer cells, potentially contributing to cancer progression and prognosis, highlighting that the effects of dexamethasone on breast cancer cell migration are influenced by ER status and treatment duration.
Mechanical signatures in cancer metastasis
Authors: Agrawal Ayushi , Javanmardi Yousef , Watson Sara A. , Serwinski Bianca , Djordjevic Boris , Li Wenbin , Aref Amir R. , Jenkins Russell W. , Moeendarbary Emad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The cancer metastatic cascade includes a series of mechanical barrier-crossing events, involving the physical movement of cancer cells from their primary location to a distant organ. This review describes the physical changes that influence tumour proliferation, progression, and metastasis. We identify potential mechanical signatures at every step of the metastatic cascade and discuss some latest mechanobiology-based therapeutic interventions to highlight the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Revealing the mechanism of phenoxyethanol-acid pretreatment for removing lignin from bamboo: kinetic analysis and simulation analysis
Authors: Li Ruolin , Zhang Zepeng , Wang Xin , Zhao Xiaoxue , Li Mi , Xu Huanfei , Huang Caoxing 
Published: February 2025

Kinetic model, molecular dynamics simulations, and density functional theory calculations were applied to investigate the delignification mechanism of bamboo residues (BR) in phenoxyethanol/H2SO4 biphasic pretreatment system.
Photo-induced intramolecular alkyl/aryl group transfer and SO2 insertion: a new strategy for the synthesis of 3-(alkyl/arylsulfonyl)benzothiophenes
Authors: Xu Tiantian , Wang Fen-Dou , Yang Wen-Chao , Lu Tong , Wang Min , Li Pinhua 
Published: February 2025

A new and efficient strategy for the synthesis of 3-(alkyl/arylsulfonyl)benzothiophenes and benzoselenophenes through intramolecular alkyl/aryl transfer and SO2 insertion process was developed.
Multiple kernel‐enhanced encoder for effective herbarium image segmentation
Authors: Lee Sanghyuck , Moon Hyeonji , Kim Sangtae , Lee Jaesung 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe neural network proposed here specializes in herbarium image segmentation. The encoder of the proposed model contains multiple kernels of different sizes to address the complex structures of plant components, such as tangled roots and stems. By employing multiple kernel sizes, the convolution block enables multiscale learning, which is underexplored in previous approaches. This design effectively extracts and fuses local and global features, enabling both broad and narrow perspectives on complex structures within herbarium images and thereby improves segmentation performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms three conventional models. The source code can be accessed at https://github.com/tkdgur658/herbarim_segmentation_network
PANOPTICON: A novel deep learning model to detect single transit events with no prior data filtering in PLATO light curves
Authors: Vivien H. G. , Deleuil M. , Jannsen N. , De Ridder J. , Seynaeve D. , Carpine M.-A. , Zerah Y. 
Published: February 2025

Aims. To prepare for the analyses of the future PLATO light curves, we develop a deep learning model, PANOPTICON, to detect transits in high precision photometric light curves. Since PLATO’s main objective is the detection of temperate Earth-sized planets around solar-type stars, the code is designed to detect individual transit events. The filtering step, required by conventional detection methods, can affect the transit, which could be an issue for long and shallow transits. To protect the transit shape and depth, the code is also designed to work on unfiltered light curves.
Methods. The PANOPTICON model is based on the Unet family architecture, but it is able to more efficiently extract and combine features of various length scale, leading to a more robust detection scheme. We trained the model on a set of simulated PLATO light curves in which we injected, at the pixel level, planetary, eclipsing binary, or background eclipsing binary signals. We also included a variety of noises in our data, such as granulation, stellar spots, and cosmic rays. We then assessed the capacity of PANOPTICON to detect transits in a separate dataset.
Results. The approach is able to recover 90% of our test population, including more than 25% in the Earth-analog regime, directly in unfiltered light curves. We report that the model also recovers transits irrespective of the orbital period, and it is therefore able to reliably retrieve transits on a single event basis. These figures were obtained when accepting a false alarm rate of 1%. When keeping the false alarm rate low (<0.01%), PANOPTICON is still able to recover more than 85% of the transit signals. Any transit deeper than ~180 ppm is essentially guaranteed to be recovered.
Conclusions. This method is able to recover transits on a single event basis, and it does so with a low false alarm rate. Due to the nature of machine learning, the inference time is minimal, around 0.2 s per light curve of 126 720 points. Thanks to light curves being one dimensional, the model training is also fast, on the order of a few hours per model. This speed in training and inference, coupled with the recovery effectiveness and precision of the model, make this approach an ideal tool to complement or be used ahead of classical approaches.
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma in an Adult without Tuberous Sclerosis: Systematic Review and Illustrative Case Example
Authors: Holler Brandon M. , Evans Alexander R. , York Abigail , Graffeo Christopher S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) is a rare neoplasm arising from subependymal tissue. Predominantly associated with the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), SEGA may present with a range of diverse symptoms, most commonly seizures or neurocutaneous features of TSC. We present a novel case of sporadic SEGA in a 59-year-old woman who presented with acute intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH).
Methods Systematic literature review and illustrative case example.
Results A 59-year-old woman presented with a headache decreased level of consciousness, and acute IPH involving the anterior septum pellucidum and right medial caudate head. MRI was concerning for an underlying neoplasm, which grew slowly on follow-up imaging, prompting microsurgical resection. A gross total resection was achieved, and postoperative pathology confirmed SEGA (WHO grade I) without TSC1/2 mutation. She remained disease-free and neurologically intact at 1-year follow-up. A systematic review identified seven publications that revealed pathologically confirmed SEGA in nine adult patients without TSC. Headache, papilledema, and visual disturbances were the most common presenting symptoms. Treatment protocols included microsurgical resection versus biopsy followed by radiographic surveillance, and the overall rate of symptom-free survival was at least 80% as of the last follow-up.
Conclusion We report the tenth case of sporadic SEGA in an adult patient without TSC, as well as an associated systematic review of this rare neoplastic entity. Further study is required to identify risk factors for the development of sporadic SEGA, as well as potential avenues for the management of this disease that may depart from the standard protocol in pediatric TSC patients.
Awareness of Antithyroid Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis in Patients with Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Abunamous Nasser , Takaleh Akram , Abdelsalhen Mohamed , Alqedra Mohamed , Abbara Amena , Almazrouei Raya , Agha Adnan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Objective Anti-thyroid drugs (ATDS)-induced agranulocytosis is a serious side effect that can be treated by early management if the patient has been educated to promptly self-identify agranulocytosis based on its presenting features. We aimed to assess the knowledge of patients taking carbimazole for hyperthyroidism regarding suspected agranulocytosis.
Methods This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study with prospective follow-up analyzed adult patients with hyperthyroidism who visited an endocrine clinic, in a tertiary hospital in the UAE, between January 2023 and March 2024. They were asked about their knowledge about the symptoms of agranulocytosis and the immediate steps required upon symptom observation. They were then given bilingual agranulocytosis information cards and educated either face-to-face or telephonically. Their knowledge and awareness were re-evaluated 3-6 months later. Chi-squared tests were used to assess the differences before and after patient education.
Results The initial and follow-up surveys were answered by 68 patients (mean age: 43.7 ± 17.1 years). The cohort included 48 (70.6%) females and 58 (85.3%) Emiratis. Hypothyroidism was due to Graves' disease in 64 (94.1%) patients and toxic multinodular goiter in 4 (5.9%) patients. There were 41 (60.3%) participants who responded that they had received adequate information on ATD-related agranulocytosis upon treatment initiation, which improved to 67 (98.5%) following patient education. Similarly, their self-reported confidence in identifying ATD-related side effects significantly improved (50% [34/68] vs. 100% [68/68]; p < 0.00001) after receiving education.
Conclusion Patient education and information cards on ATD-induced agranulocytosis improve patient awareness regarding symptom identification and the next steps required for suspected agranulocytosis.
The Portuguese Muslim community: integration and its role against radicalization
Authors: de Carvalho Cátia Moreira , Neyroud Peter , Pinto Isabel R. , Pinto Marta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Portugal has never reported any case of violent radicalization from Islamist-inspired terrorism. To analyze some of the reasons why, this article sets two goals: understand the integration factors of the Muslim community and identify strategies to prevent radicalization implemented by its members. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted with interviews with 11 Muslim leaders. The results describe the characteristics of integration of the Muslim community and the strategies implemented by them to prevent radicalization. The results are important to inform policy and practice related to immigrants’ integration, and to understand how community resilience can be built to prevent radicalization.
The creation of new academic knowledge spaces through the repatriated self-translation of foreign-language
texts
Authors: Wang Binhua , Sun Yifeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article examines the repatriated self-translation of a historical monograph, The Fifteenth Year of
Wan-li, by the migrant Chinese-American historian Ray Huang from his English manuscript 1587, a Year of No
Significance. Through an archival analysis of the process of self-translation and publication, it is shown that the
monograph’s innovative content, style, and perspectives on history studies, as well as its re-contextualisation within the Chinese
context and culture, contributed to the unprecedented popularity of the self-translated monograph in China. Through a comparative
intertextual analysis of the English–Chinese parallel corpus of the monograph, we observe how the self-translator made a
number of non-obligatory shifts and employed distinct strategies to return the monograph from the foreign-language text back to
Chinese. This study provides evidence of the agency and latitude of academic self-translators in interpreting the original work
and in adapting, revising, and rewriting the target text. It also reveals how migrant academics create new knowledge spaces
through implicit translation in their foreign-language texts and (re)create new knowledge spaces through repatriated
self-translation for their native academic community.
Manipulation and trapping of magnetic skyrmions with domain walls in chiral magnetic thin films
Authors: Leask P 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this article we use chiral domain walls to manipulate and trap magnetic skyrmion quasi-particles in chiral magnetic materials such as ultrathin Co/Pt films. The magnetic skyrmions can be orientated such that their interaction with domain walls is repulsive, allowing for them to be stored between domain walls. In certain orientations, the skyrmion can be absorbed into the domain wall, forming a domain wall kink. In other orientations, it can absorbed to form a kink-antikink domain wall with zero topological charge. The magnetic skyrmion can even be orientated in such a way that it remains trapped but creates a topological defect-antidefect pair in one of the walls. By altering the phases of one of the chiral domain walls, one can erase or store the magnetic skyrmion as an isolated soliton or as a domain wall skyrmion/antiskyrmion. This adds a valuable asset to an ever growing toolbox of spintronic nano-devices.
Improved CKF Collaborative Positioning Algorithm Between UAVs Based on UWB/IMU
Authors: Lv Yunzhu , Liu Songlin , Dai Jun , Li Jianglong , Liu Yang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Addressing the challenges of position information solution among multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and the issue of low relative navigation accuracy, an improved collaborative localization algorithm based on the Cubature Kalman Filter (CKF) is proposed. It utilizes a tightly coupled approach to construct a relative ranging model equipped with Ultra-Wideband (UWB) and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors, enabling the correction of self-navigation information. The cosine similarity function is utilized to determine the reliability of the observations, and the observation noise matrix is adaptively adjusted based on the new interest vector from each iteration, thereby refining the positioning trajectory for collaborative navigation. Simulation experiments results demonstrate that the improved CKF collaborative localization algorithm significantly enhances the relative positioning accuracy between UAVs, effectively reduces the maximum relative positioning error, and exhibits strong anti-interference capabilities. It is more suitable for indoor multi-UAV and multi-sensor collaborative localization.&#xD;
RF-CPO-SVR algorithm for indoor localization based on wifi fingerprints
Authors: Wang Yanchun , Xue Chuanlong , Xia Ying , Sun Shaoye , Liu Mengmeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, WiFi indoor positioning has become an important method for achieving indoor localization. Achieving high accuracy in WiFi positioning is a challenging issue. To enhance the accuracy of positioning systems, this paper proposes a WiFi indoor positioning algorithm that uses the random forest (RF) algorithm for access point (AP) selection and the Crested Porcupine Optimizer (CPO) algorithm to optimize support vector regression (SVR), referred to as RF-CPO-SVR. The RF algorithm selects APs by evaluating the feature importance of each AP, reducing the negative impact of redundant and unstable APs on the performance of the positioning system. After AP selection, the CPO algorithm is used to optimize the hyperparameters of SVR, further improving the system’s performance. Comprehensive tests of the proposed RF-CPO-SVR algorithm were conducted on public datasets, and the results show that 90% of the positioning accuracy is within 4 m, with an average positioning error of 2.1082 m. Experimental results demonstrate that the RF-CPO-SVR algorithm outperforms traditional positioning methods and existing classical optimization algorithms, improving positioning accuracy by 23.5%, 27.4%, and 24.7% compared to particle swarm optimization-SVR, GA-SVR, and K nearest neighbors, respectively.
Comparative analysis of Y2O3 and Al2O3 interfacial layers in modulating the electrical properties of ZrO2 and HfO2 on Ge
Authors: Lee Woohui , Shin Hyungchul , Chae Jinwoong , Lee Jehoon , Eom Deokjoon , Oh Joohee , Kim Hyoungsub 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study compares the effects of ultrathin Y2O3 and Al2O3 interfacial layers on the electrical properties of ZrO2 and HfO2 dielectrics deposited on Ge substrates, specifically examining the ZrO2/Y2O3, ZrO2/Al2O3, HfO2/Y2O3, and HfO2/Al2O3 stacked structures. Reductions in both interface trap density (D
it) and leakage current were observed after five cycles of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for Y2O3 and Al2O3 interfacial layers. Compared with Y2O3, the Al2O3 interfacial layer was more effective in reducing the leakage current and decreasing the effective bulk trap density (N
trap). However, this also leads to an increase in the capacitance-equivalent oxide thickness, which could be a potential drawback. The observed electrical properties are closely linked to the distinct interfacial reactions of Y2O3 and Al2O3 with Ge during ALD, resulting in similar reductions in D
it. However, the formation of a thick Al2O3 interfacial layer was more efficient in suppressing Ge out-diffusion than Y2O3, which contributed to the reduction in both the leakage current and N
trap.
Theoretical method and experimental verification for solving two/three component phononic crystals based on comsol partial differential equation module
Authors: Qian Denghui , Liu Zhenqiao , Zhang Shengke , He Feiyang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In order to reduce the low frequency vibration and noise of ships, the phononic crystal structure is used to control the vibration and noise of ships. Based on three-dimensional spatial elastic wave theory and plane wave expansion method, combined with the differential equation module of finite element software, the band structure and transport characteristics of phononic crystal structure can be accurately solved. The correctness and feasibility of this method are verified by comparison with the simulation results of solid mechanics module of finite element software, which provides a new idea for solving phononic crystal structure. It lays a solid foundation for further study of phononic crystal structure. At the same time, this paper studies a new phononic crystal sandwich plate structure, which is applied to the vibration and noise reduction of ships. The theoretical method and experiment are used to study the structure, which proves that the structure has good vibration and noise reduction performance, and further explains the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical method. Based on this calculation method, it can be used to study the effect of the geometrical parameters and material parameters of phononic crystal structure on the band gap. By adjusting these parameters reasonably, the ship can achieve a good effect of vibration and noise reduction.
Acoustic metasurface constructed by Helmholtz-like resonators with embedded necks of gradient cross-section
Authors: Chen Jung-San , Wang Wei-Chun , Tsai I-Yu , Liao Yu-Sheng , Luo Xiang-Cheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study proposes a compact acoustic metasurface consisting of Helmholtz-like resonators arranged in series/parallel. Unlike the traditional design equipped with uniform necks, the proposed necks possess gradient cross-section in a 2D plane. The geometric parameters of the present structure are designed and optimized by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). This structure exhibits excellent sound absorption below 200 Hz with a deep subwavelength thickness. Adjusting the neck length is effective in altering the absorption peak frequency. A structure with resonators in series yields approximately 80%–90% absorption at 129 Hz, while the one with resonators in parallel yields almost the same absorption coefficient, but the absorption peak frequency is increased by 15%. Theoretical and numerical finite-element-method predictions match well with experimental results.
Prolongation structures of the super mixed derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Su Huajie , Yu Yuanyuan , Guo Jiafeng , Yan Zhaowen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the super mixed derivative nonlinear Schrödinger (super MDNLS) equation by means of fermionic prolongation structure approach. Based upon representations of the prolongation algebra, we present the Lax representation and the Bäcklund transformation of the super MDNLS equation.