bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultural fluency required? Interrogating ethnocentrism in the employment of white-collar Asian migrants in Japan
Authors: Holbrow Hilary J , Liang Hao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Scholars contend that Japanese firms hold white-collar foreign workers to a high bar for assimilation. This model of the ethnocentric firm suggests that Japan’s growing number of foreign-educated white-collar migrants should face steep labor market penalties compared to migrants educated in Japan because they have had fewer opportunities to familiarize themselves with Japanese working styles and norms. We test this hypothesis using a sample of 546 Asian white-collar foreign workers. However, we find that, robust to controls for compositional differences in the foreign- and Japan-educated migrant populations, foreign-educated migrants earn more. Since wage penalties for foreign degrees are ubiquitous in other national contexts, this finding counterintuitively implies that, at least in evaluation and rewards, Japanese firms may be less ethnocentric than the global norm.
Distinct seasonality of nutrients in twigs and leaves of temperate trees
Authors: Tian Yuehan , Du Enzai , Tang Yang , Xia Nan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Seasonal variations of nutrients in different organs are an essential strategy for temperate trees to maintain growth and function. The seasonal variations and variability (i.e., seasonality) of leaf nutrient concentrations have been well documented, while the trends and magnitudes of such seasonal variations in other tree organs (e.g., twigs) and their associations with leaf nutrients remain poorly understood. We measured the concentrations of ten nutrients (nitrogen, N; phosphorus, P; potassium, K; calcium, Ca; magnesium, Mg; iron, Fe; manganese, Mn; copper, Cu; zinc, Zn; boron, B) in twigs and leaves of four temperate tree species (i.e., Chinese pine, Ginkgo tree, Smoke tree, and Chinese scholar tree) to explore their seasonal variations and seasonality. Macronutrient concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) were significantly higher in leaves while micronutrient concentrations (Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn) were significantly higher in twigs. Concentrations of P and K both showed a negative seasonal covariation between twigs and leaves, while Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B showed an opposite relationship. Compared with mobile nutrients, non-mobile nutrients exhibited significantly greater seasonality in the leaves but there were no such differences in twigs. The seasonality of nutrient concentrations in twigs was significantly stronger than in leaves. The seasonality of nutrient concentrations in twigs was positively correlated with that in leaves. Additionally, nutrients with higher physiological requirements in leaves showed weaker seasonality, confirming the hypothesis of seasonal stability of high-demand nutrients, while such relationships were not statistically significant for twigs. Our study demonstrates distinct seasonality of nutrients in twigs and leaves of temperate woody plants. These findings highlight that high-demand nutrients show stronger seasonal stability in leaves but not in twigs and uncover seasonal coordination between twigs and leaves as a nutrient conservation strategy.
Estimating Skeletal Maturity by Segmented Linear Modeling of Key AP Wrist Radiographic Parameters
Authors: Smith Kira L. , Furdock Ryan , Yuan Joshua T. , Chen Kallie J. , Liu Raymond 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The recently described Modified Fels wrist skeletal maturity system (mFels wrist SMS) allows for accurate skeletal maturity estimation using a single anteroposterior wrist radiograph but requires evaluation of 8 parameters. A faster method may have clinical utility in the outpatient setting.

Methods:
The 8 anteroposterior wrist radiographic parameters comprising the mFels wrist SMS were analyzed in 80 children. Segmented linear regression and generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses were used to identify the subsets of parameters most important for accurate skeletal maturity estimation for different patient demographics and parameter scores. This process produced multiple abbreviated Fels wrist skeletal maturity system options (abFels wrist SMS), which require fewer parameters. The accuracy of the resulting abFels wrist SMS options was evaluated and compared with the full 8-parameter mFels wrist SMS, the Greulich and Pyle system (GP) optimized with age and sex data, and the Sanders Hand System (SHS) optimized with age and sex data.

Results:
A total of 372 wrist radiographs from 42 girls (age range, 7 to 15 y) and 38 boys (age range, 9 to 16 y) were included. The abFels wrist SMS options required fewer parameters (range, 2 to 7 parameters, one option with 2 to 4 parameters) than the full mFels wrist SMS (8 parameters). Skeletal age estimates produced by the full mFels SMS were more accurate than GP (P<0.001), SHS (P<0.001), and similar to the all of the abFels wrist SMS options (P>0.05). The mFels wrist SMS made fewer outlier estimations (estimation >1 y off from the patient’s actual skeletal age) than GP (P<0.05), and made similar rates of outlier estimations compared with SHS (P>0.05) and the abFels wrist SMS options (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
An abbreviated version of the Modified Fels wrist SMS estimates skeletal maturity with comparable accuracy to the full version but only requires 2 to 4 parameters for quicker use.
Trend in the Use of Pain Modalities in Patients with Vascular Anomalies
Authors: Yi Avalon , Linn Jaimie , Ochmanek Emily , Fabre Anna , Yang MingAn , Smidt Aimee C. 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
To investigate and describe methods of pain management employed by patients at a vascular anomalies clinic (VAC) with the intent to add relevant information on this important topic.

Methods:
Patients evaluated from 2011 to 2023 at the VAC at the University of New Mexico were invited to participate. Patients/guardians completed a REDCap survey recording demographics, self-identified diagnosis/type of vascular anomaly (VA), associated pain frequency/severity, pain management tried, and perceived effect(s). Diagnoses were verified/clarified by one of the authors (A.C.S.) when possible. Data was de-identified, analyzed, and reported using descriptive statistics.

Results:
In total, 95 patients were included; age range 1–81 years and mean age 22.14 years (sd = 18.43; w/Q1 = 9; Q2 = 16, Q3 = 33). Most common diagnoses were: venous malformation (n = 44) and lymphatic malformation (n = 22). Median pain rating (scale of 0–10) experienced daily was 1; 12% experienced pain daily; 5% 4–5 days a week, 13% 3–4 days a week, and 23% 1–2 days a week. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (32%) and acetaminophen (15%) were the most common over-the-counter medications reported. Nine percent reported using opioids; 9% reported use of cannabinoid-containing products. Of those who used opioids, 33% reported major pain relief pain. Of those who used cannabinoid-containing products, 50% reported major relief in pain.

Conclusions:
Pain is common in patients with VA; more than half of participants experienced pain at least weekly, regardless of VA type. Pain management methods varied, including over-the-counter remedies, cannabinoids, and opiates. Specifically addressing pain management in the VAC setting has the potential to positively impact quality of life and safety.
Evidence-Based Practice Attitudes of Neonatal Nurses
Authors: Taş Arslan Fatma , Küçükoğlu Sibel , Tar Bolacalı Edanur , Tanrıkulu Gözdenur , Ertürk Fatma 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This study aims to determine the internal and external factors affecting the attitudes of neonatal intensive care nurses toward evidence-based practices (EBP).

Methods:
The population of this descriptive, cross-sectional, and relation-seeking multicenter study consisted of nurses working in 5 neonatal intensive care units located in 3 provinces of Türkiye. Data were collected using the Information Form, which included nurses’ sociodemographic information and internal-external factors affecting evidence-based care practices, the Evidence-Based Nursing Attitude Questionnaire (EBNAQ).

Results:
It was found that sociodemographic characteristics of nurses impacted the EBNAQ score. Of the internal factors, knowledge of EBP, having a sufficient foreign language level to follow EBP, self-efficacy in the process of seeking, finding, evaluating, and applying evidence, belief in the necessity of using EBP in nursing care, belief that cultural differences affect EBP, and belief that EBP negatively affect individualized care affected the EBNAQ score. In terms of external factors, the competence of the study team in searching evidence, the employment institution supporting the team in the use of EBP, and using clinical guidelines in neonatal care impacted the EBNAQ score.

Conclusion:
It was concluded that neonatal nurses’ attitudes toward evidence-based nursing are at a moderate level and are affected by internal and external factors.
Risk factors that predict for presence of clinically significant, noncalcified plaque in younger adults
Authors: Mehta Aditya , Thomas Felix , Manubolu Venkat , Kinninger April , Budoff Matthew , Roy Sion K. 
Published: January 2025

Objective
Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring may be a useful tool for assessing cardiovascular disease in young adults, particularly in those with risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, or smoking. In this study, we aimed to address the risk factors for developing noncalcified plaque in young adults by assessing total plaque burden.

Methods
A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted among 1026 consecutive patients aged 18–45 years who underwent CAC scoring and coronary computed tomography (CT) angiograms for clinical indications. CAC scores and total plaque scores (TPS) were calculated using standard scoring protocols. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors of significant, noncalcified plaque in subjects where CAC = 0.

Results
This single-center retrospective cohort study included 1026 patients aged 18–45 years who underwent CAC scoring and coronary CT angiograms for clinical indications. The mean age of the population was 38.8 years old. Sixty-three patients had a CAC score of 0 and a TPS >0. Of the patients with noncalcified plaque burden, 15% had a stenosis >50%, and 10% had a stenosis >70%. The odds of a subject having noncalcified plaque presence and CAC absent were significantly associated with being Hispanic, having diabetes, and having hyperlipidemia.

Conclusion
In young adults aged 18–45 years old, we found diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and being of Hispanic origin to be significantly associated with noncalcified plaque burden.
Analysis of the Volume of the Liposuction-Derived Adipose Tissue in Clinical Application
Authors: Yang Ruomeng , Song Zhen , Li Shengxu , Wang Jian , Liang Hongwei 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
The strategy of adipose component transplantation has been proposed and widely used in both reconstructive and aesthetic surgery. However, there is no uniform standard for the preparation of component fat, and the volume calculation of liposuction and injection in clinical applications is mostly based on experience. This study aims to analyze the volume of component fat obtained during clinical series.

Methods:
Patients undergoing abdominal or thigh liposuction and autologous component fat grafting from September 2020 to October 2024 were included. The high-density fat was harvested from the inferior one-third layer of the standard Coleman fat. The SVF-gel was obtained by mechanical emulsification and centrifugation of the oil layer and upper two-third layer of adipose tissue. Correlation analysis was conducted between the volume of SVF-gel and patient characteristics.

Results:
Sixty-five with an average age of 33.9 years were included. For breast augmentation, the volume of prepared high-density fat and SVF-gel were 331.7±70.8 and 60.3±13.1 mL, with the proportion of SVF in fat aspirated amounting to 6.4%±1.9%. For the treatment of temporal depression, the volume of prepared high-density fat and SVF-gel were 48.3±27.3 and 14.5±8.6 mL, respectively, with the proportion of SVF in fat aspirated amounting to 10.3%±2.0%. There was a significant difference between the proportion of SVF-gel in low-density fat and aspirated fat obtained from the abdomen and thigh.

Conclusion:
There is a significant negative correlation between the obtained SVF-gel proportion with BMI and the amount of fat aspirated. For the preparation of a large amount of SVF-gel, especially for individuals with high levels of BMI, the total volume of fat aspirated would be much higher.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Prevalence and Incidence of Oral Benzodiazepine Use in Hospitalized Surgical Patients
Authors: Geensen Roos , Verhoeven Jorrit G. , Hendriks Johanna M. , Rietdijk Wim J.R. , Jeekel Johannes , Hunfeld Nicole G.M. , Klimek Markus 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
To determine the prevalence of intrahospital oral benzodiazepine use in the surgical population of a tertiary care centre.

Summary of Background Data:
Oral benzodiazepines used for treating sleep disturbances and anxiety are widely used in the general population. Information regarding benzodiazepine use during hospitalization is scarce.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using routinely collected healthcare data in a university hospital in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 10,896 patients representing 14,928 admissions were included in this cohort, corresponding to all adult surgical patients admitted between September 2018 and September 2022. Median age was 62 (50-72) and 8,761 out of 14928 (58.9%) were male. Main outcome measures were prevalence and incidence of oral benzodiazepines usage during hospitalization.

Results:
Prevalence of benzodiazepine administrations in the surgical department was 21.6% out of 14,928 admissions. Median number of tablets given during hospital stay was 3 (1-7). Temazepam (33%), oxazepam (24%) and zopiclone (19%) were prescribed most. Female patients were more likely to have been administered a benzodiazepine, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.09 (95% confidence interval 1.002 to 1.19). Benzodiazepine administration during admission was positively associated with higher 30-day surgical readmission, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.37 (1.22 to 1.54).

Conclusions:
In this study, one fifth of patients admitted to surgical departments were administered oral benzodiazepines for sleep disturbances and anxiety. Future research and policies should focus on finding and implementing effective non-pharmacological methods for perioperative sleep disturbances and anxiety.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals the impact of sex and age in the healthy human liver
Authors: Rahman Raza Ur , Epstein Eliana T. , Murphy Shane , Amir-Zilberstein Liat , McCabe Cristin , Delorey Toni , Koene Hope , Fernandes Lilly , Tanabe Kenneth K. , Qadan Motaz , Ferrone Christina , Berger David L. , Shih Angela , Deguine Jacques , Mullen Alan C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe liver is a vital organ composed of parenchymal, nonparenchymal, and immune cell populations, which are now being mapped at single cell resolution. Here we present a detailed map of the cellular composition of the human liver through single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), incorporating insights from 32 healthy liver samples. The dataset contains cells from female and male donors spanning more than seven decades of age. Excluding the X and Y chromosome, we identified ∼500 genes uniquely enriched in cells of the female liver, and ∼600 genes enriched in cells of the male liver. These genes tend to be enriched across multiple cell types in females and are more restricted to individual cell types in males. These genes define unique circuitries within each cell type of the liver between females and males and their impact on cell-cell communication and response to external signals, including enrichment of cholesterol/lipid metabolism and associated angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL) signaling in female cells and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling in male cells. With increased age, we observe a greater diversity in gene expression, including enrichment of genes that regulate neuregulin (NGR) signaling. While fewer genes are enriched within cell types of the younger liver, genes regulating insulin growth factor (IGF) signaling are in this group. Together, these results define the activities of healthy cell types within the liver across sex and age and provide a reference for future comparisons across different ancestries, geographies, and disease states.One Sentence SummaryWe applied single-nucleus RNA sequencing to define features influenced by sex and age across cell types and subtypes of the human liver.
Investigating the Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets of Vestibular Migraine
Authors: Yao Xiaotong , Liang Zhuoji , Liang Yanling 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundVestibular Migraine (VM) is a complex neurological disorder with recurrent headaches and various vestibular symptoms. Although it severely affects patients’ quality of life, its causes and pathophysiology are still unclear, and effective treatments are scarce. The lack of data emphasizes the need for bioinformatics to find key genes and pathways in VM, which could help develop new diagnostic and treatment methods.MethodThe GSE109558 dataset was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. To identify VM - related differentially expressed genes, screening was carried out through limma and Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA).The functional analysis of VM - related differentially expressed genes was conducted using three bioinformatics approaches: Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Feature selection was further refined using lasso regression and random forest. Also, CIBERSORT was utilized to analyze the infiltration of immune cells, and Spearman’s correlation analysis was employed to explore the correlations between diagnostic differentially expressed genes and immune cells.Finally, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was utilized to search for corresponding drugs, and molecular docking was performed to explore potential therapeutic targets.ResultSix key feature genes (CABIN1, IFIT3, HEATR1, ARHGDIA, RAB11FIP4, and ZNF444) were identified as potential diagnostic markers for VM. Among these, CABIN1 demonstrated the highest diagnostic potential based on ROC curve performance, highlighting its promise as a diagnostic biomarker.Functional annotation of DEGs revealed their enrichment in biological processes related to inflammation, calcium ion channel regulation, and other pathways likely involved in VM pathophysiology. Through the CTD, drugs like Acetaminophen, bisphenol A, and Phenylephrine were identified.Molecular docking simulation was used to explore their potential therapeutic mechanisms for VM.ConclusionThis study offers important insights into the molecular mechanisms of VM and identifies six key feature genes, with CABIN1 standing out as a potential diagnostic marker.These findings pave the way for further research to validate the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of these genes and pathways.
Divergent Effects ofAPOE3andAPOE4Human Astrocytes on Key Alzheimer’s Disease Hallmarks in Chimeric Mice
Authors: Cruz-Sese Joan , Mirón-Alcala Marta , Alfonso-Triguero Maria , Olalde Jon , Ruiz Leire , Galbis-Gramage Nuria , Cortes Lorea , Escobar Laura , Preman Pranav , Snellinx An , Saito Takashi , Saido Takaomi C , Saiz-Aúz Laura , Rábano-Gutiérrez Alberto , TCW Julia , Goate Alison , Strooper Bart De , Alberdi Elena , Arranz Amaia M 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARYDespite strong evidence supporting that both astrocytes and apolipoprotein E (APOE) play crucial roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the impact of astrocytes carrying differentAPOEvariants on key AD pathological hallmarks remains largely unknown. To explore such effects in a human relevant context, we generated a chimeric model of AD. We transplanted isogenicAPOE3orAPOE4human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived astrocyte progenitors into neonatal brains of AD model mice. We show that at five to six months after transplantation, transplanted cells have differentiated into mature astrocytes (h-astrocytes) that often integrate in upper layers of one cortical hemisphere.APOE3andAPOE4h-astrocytes differentially express and secrete the APOE protein, which binds to Aβ plaques with an isoform-dependent affinity. Remarkably,APOE3h-astrocytes ameliorate Aβ pathology, Tau pathology and neuritic dystrophy. In contrast,APOE4h-astrocytes aggravate these AD processes. Moreover,APOE3andAPOE4h-astrocytes modulate microglia responses to Aβ pathology in opposite ways.APOE4h-astrocytes enhance microglia clustering around Aβ plaques and exacerbate DAM state whereasAPOE3h-astrocytes reduce microglia clustering and induce a more homeostatic state on plaque-associated microglia. These findings highlight a critical contribution of h-astrocytes not only to Aβ pathology but also to other key AD hallmarks in chimeric mice. In addition, our findings reveal that h-astrocytes with differentAPOEvariants and the different forms of APOE they secrete have a crucial role in AD progression.
Acquisition of ampliconic sequences marks a selfish mouset-haplotype
Authors: Swanepoel Callie M. , Wang Gaojianyong , Zhang Lucy , Brändl Björn , Bauer Hermann , Tsaytler Pavel , Müller Franz-Josef , Herrmann Bernhard G. , Mueller Jacob L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMendelian genetics posits equal transmission of alleles, but selfish alleles can bias the transmission of large genomic regions or entire chromosomes1–4. One long-standing question is how transmission bias evolves to encompass large genomic regions.Mus musculus(house mouse)t-haplotypes exhibit up to 99% transmission bias from heterozygous males5–14and harbor selfish alleles9–14genetically linked to large inversions spanning the proximal half of chromosome 1715–20. Here, by generating a high-quality, single-haplotype assembly of at- haplotype, we reveal the evolution of eight large amplicons with known11,13,21and candidate selfish alleles as a distinct genetic feature. Three amplicons are conserved in closely relatedMusspecies, and two have known selfish alleles in the oldest inversion, implicating amplicons and an inversion drove the origins of a selfish chromosome 17 ∼3MYA. The remainingt- haplotype amplicons harbor gene families expressed predominantly in haploid spermatids, newly acquired retrogenes, and the most differentially expressed genes in wild-type/t-haplotype spermatids. Targeted deletion of a ∼1.8Mb amplicon with candidate selfish alleles on thet- haplotype reduces selfish transmission in heterozygous males by 3%. Notably, the evolution of selfish allele-containing amplicons and inversions on thet-haplotype parallels mammalian sex chromosome evolution as signatures of selfish transmission. We propose amplicon acquisition and large inversions initiate evolutionary arms races between selfish haplotypes and serve as genome-wide signatures of selfish transmission.