bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drei Kinderschutzsysteme in Bewegung: Finnland, die Schweiz und Deutschland
Authors: Ackermann Timo 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag bietet eine vergleichende und zusammenfassende Perspektive auf die Kinderschutzsysteme in Finnland, der Schweiz und Deutschland: Gemeinsamkeiten, Unterschiede und Trends werden diskutiert. Grundlage dafür sind die Beiträge im Schwerpunkt „Kinderschutzsysteme international“ in Sozial Extra 1|24. Diese Beiträge zeigen, dass sich die untersuchten Kinderschutzsysteme in Entwicklung – in Bewegung – befinden: In allen drei Ländern werden Kinderschutzsysteme aktiv reformiert, um Verbesserungen zu erreichen. Die Rechte von Kindern, einschließlich der Unterstützung für Care Leaver, rücken zunehmend in den Fokus. Gleichzeitig gibt es in vielen Bereichen noch Entwicklungsbedarf und zu erkennen sind auch Forschungslücken, etwa bei der Risikoeinschätzung und Entscheidungsfindung, aber auch bei der Erhebung grundlegender empirischer Daten. Deutlich wird, wie stark der Kinderschutz durch sozialstaatliche, institutionelle und rechtliche Rahmungen geprägt ist, die auch bei Bestrebungen zur Verbesserung der jeweiligen Systeme mit zu reflektieren sind. Gleichzeitig öffnet die internationale Perspektive den Blick dafür, wie Kinderschutz auch anders gedacht und organisiert werden könnte.
Eu-MOF-Based Fluorescent Ratiometric Sensor by Detecting 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic for Fingerprint Visualization on Porous Objects
Authors: Liang Muwen , Zhao Yabin , Luo Yaping , Du Bin , Hu Wei , Liu Bing , Mu Xihui , Tong Zhaoyang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLatent fingerprints (LFPs) at the crime scene are served as important clues to locate the trajectory of criminal behavior and portray the characteristics of the suspect. Therefore, visualizing LFPs is of considerable significance. In this work, the europium metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF) sensor was successfully constructed for sensitive detection of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA) and visualization of the sweat LFPs. The boric-acid-modified Eu-MOF was prepared by using the simple one-pot solvothermal method using Eu as the metal ion center and 3,5-dicarboxybenzeneboronic acid (BBDC) as the organic ligand. The sensor showed desirable photoluminescent performance through the chelating of BBDC with Eu3+. The sensor exhibited the satisfactory linear relationship to GA in the range of 1 nM to 20 nM with a low detection limit of 0.34 nM under the optimized conditions. The prepared sensor with ideal selectivity to GA was successfully applied for visualizing LFPs on porous substrates with the high contrast and superior stability. Given the good performance of the sensor, all fingerprint images obtained from 1 200 samples presented clear friction ridges and met the identification criteria. Notably, the sensor had less impact on the subsequent deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detection, displaying a promising perspective for applications in extracting physical evidence of site investigation.
Ideals of the good life and good science among high achieving men and women scientists
Authors: Chen Chen , Sonnert Gerhard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTraditional gender roles and gender stereotypes assume different life and career priorities among men and women. Meanwhile, the science profession is commonly considered to abide by a universalist ethos and a meritocracy that is independent of gender. We examined whether men and women scientists held different ideals about the good life and about good science. Furthermore, we investigated if those ideals of good life and of good science were linked in the minds of scientists; and if the linkages differed by gender. This study used a structural topic modeling approach to analyze the interview transcripts of 108 women and 92 men elite scientists who had received highly prestigious postdoctoral fellowships during the 1960s and1970s. In the open-ended interviews, the scientists were asked to describe their ideals of good life and of good science. Regarding the good life, we found that women scientists focused more on enjoying life and relationships and less on intellectual stimulation, relative to men scientists. For good science, women scientists focused more on empirical procedural accuracy and less on basic and fundamental breakthroughs, relative to men scientists. Moreover, we found that women scientists exhibited correlations between life and science ideals, whereas the two domains were completely separate for men scientists. In conclusion, a gendered system of life and science ideals existed even among this group of highly promising scientists.
Lessons from NAGPRA
Authors: Domeischel Jenna , Neller Angela 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor nearly a decade, there has been recognition of the need for an African American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (AAGPRA) or similar legislation. Experiences from implementing the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) have shed light on challenges that prevent practitioners from achieving the informed, respectful, and expeditious return of remains. Given the likelihood of federal legislation addressing the repatriation of persons of African descent and acknowledging the hurdles that practitioners may face if and when it is passed, we offer a practical model, START, to reorient our understanding of success to recognizing that incremental progress is still forward movement. The model is organized into five stages and is presented with context from NAGPRA, along with suggested steps that practitioners can take at each stage to help build on their success. The START model is a straightforward and practical checklist approach that helps practitioners recognize the victories achieved in small steps that could be hidden or prevented by misguided but well-intentioned attempts at perfection. It is directly applicable to preparation for repatriation but has utility for any curation or collections management context.
METTL3-mediated RanGAP1 promotes colorectal cancer progression through the MAPK pathway by recruiting YTHDF1
Authors: Yang Rui , Yang Cheng , Su Danjie , Song Yang , Min Jie , Qian Zhixin , Shen Xiangjing , Li Junqiang , Su Haichuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRan GTPase activating protein 1 (RanGAP1) has been implicated in various diseases, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains unclear. Using tumor tissues and public databases, we found that RanGAP1 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and was associated with poor prognosis of patients. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) was found to play an important role in higher expression of RanGAP1. MeRIP-seq, RIP-qPCR, Luciferase reporter assays and other related experiment elucidated the molecular mechanism underlying m6A modification of RanGAP1. Besides, cell function experiments and xenograft tumor models corroborated the function of RanGAP1 in CRC progression. By RNA-seq and related analysis, RanGAP1 was verified to influent CRC progression via the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Therefore, N6-methyladenosine modification of RanGAP1 by METTL3/YTHDF1 plays a role in CRC progression through the MAPK pathway and could be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
Motion of VAPB molecules reveals ER–mitochondria contact site subdomains
Authors: Obara Christopher J. , Nixon-Abell Jonathon , Moore Andrew S. , Riccio Federica , Hoffman David P. , Shtengel Gleb , Xu C. Shan , Schaefer Kathy , Pasolli H. Amalia , Masson Jean-Baptiste , Hess Harald F. , Calderon Christopher P. , Blackstone Craig , Lippincott-Schwartz Jennifer 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo coordinate cellular physiology, eukaryotic cells rely on the rapid exchange of molecules at specialized organelle–organelle contact sites1,2. Endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondrial contact sites (ERMCSs) are particularly vital communication hubs, playing key roles in the exchange of signalling molecules, lipids and metabolites3,4. ERMCSs are maintained by interactions between complementary tethering molecules on the surface of each organelle5,6. However, due to the extreme sensitivity of these membrane interfaces to experimental perturbation7,8, a clear understanding of their nanoscale organization and regulation is still lacking. Here we combine three-dimensional electron microscopy with high-speed molecular tracking of a model organelle tether, Vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)-associated protein B (VAPB), to map the structure and diffusion landscape of ERMCSs. We uncovered dynamic subdomains within VAPB contact sites that correlate with ER membrane curvature and undergo rapid remodelling. We show that VAPB molecules enter and leave ERMCSs within seconds, despite the contact site itself remaining stable over much longer time scales. This metastability allows ERMCSs to remodel with changes in the physiological environment to accommodate metabolic needs of the cell. An amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated mutation in VAPB perturbs these subdomains, likely impairing their remodelling capacity and resulting in impaired interorganelle communication. These results establish high-speed single-molecule imaging as a new tool for mapping the structure of contact site interfaces and reveal that the diffusion landscape of VAPB at contact sites is a crucial component of ERMCS homeostasis.
HIV-1 capsids enter the FG phase of nuclear pores like a transport receptor
Authors: Fu Liran , Weiskopf Erika N. , Akkermans Onno , Swanson Nicholas A. , Cheng Shiya , Schwartz Thomas U. , Görlich Dirk 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHIV-1 infection requires nuclear entry of the viral genome. Previous evidence suggests that this entry proceeds through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), with the 120 × 60 nm capsid squeezing through an approximately 60-nm-wide central channel1 and crossing the permeability barrier of the NPC. This barrier can be described as an FG phase2 that is assembled from cohesively interacting phenylalanine–glycine (FG) repeats3 and is selectively permeable to cargo captured by nuclear transport receptors (NTRs). Here we show that HIV-1 capsid assemblies can target NPCs efficiently in an NTR-independent manner and bind directly to several types of FG repeats, including barrier-forming cohesive repeats. Like NTRs, the capsid readily partitions into an in vitro assembled cohesive FG phase that can serve as an NPC mimic and excludes much smaller inert probes such as mCherry. Indeed, entry of the capsid protein into such an FG phase is greatly enhanced by capsid assembly, which also allows the encapsulated clients to enter. Thus, our data indicate that the HIV-1 capsid behaves like an NTR, with its interior serving as a cargo container. Because capsid-coating with trans-acting NTRs would increase the diameter by 10 nm or more, we suggest that such a ‘self-translocating’ capsid undermines the size restrictions imposed by the NPC scaffold, thereby bypassing an otherwise effective barrier to viral infection.
The HIV capsid mimics karyopherin engagement of FG-nucleoporins
Authors: Dickson C. F. , Hertel S. , Tuckwell A. J. , Li N. , Ruan J. , Al-Izzi S. C. , Ariotti N. , Sierecki E. , Gambin Y. , Morris R. G. , Towers G. J. , Böcking T. , Jacques D. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHIV can infect non-dividing cells because the viral capsid can overcome the selective barrier of the nuclear pore complex and deliver the genome directly into the nucleus1,2. Remarkably, the intact HIV capsid is more than 1,000 times larger than the size limit prescribed by the diffusion barrier of the nuclear pore3. This barrier in the central channel of the nuclear pore is composed of intrinsically disordered nucleoporin domains enriched in phenylalanine–glycine (FG) dipeptides. Through multivalent FG interactions, cellular karyopherins and their bound cargoes solubilize in this phase to drive nucleocytoplasmic transport4. By performing an in vitro dissection of the nuclear pore complex, we show that a pocket on the surface of the HIV capsid similarly interacts with FG motifs from multiple nucleoporins and that this interaction licences capsids to penetrate FG-nucleoporin condensates. This karyopherin mimicry model addresses a key conceptual challenge for the role of the HIV capsid in nuclear entry and offers an explanation as to how an exogenous entity much larger than any known cellular cargo may be able to non-destructively breach the nuclear envelope.
Identification of a common haplotype in carriers of rob(1;29) in 32 Italian cattle breeds
Authors: Cortellari Matteo , Bionda Arianna , Liotta Luigi , Sbarra Fiorella , Parma Pietro , Crepaldi Paola 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRobertsonian translocation 1;29 (rob(1;29)), a widespread chromosomal anomaly affecting cattle fertility, appears to have originated from a common ancestor. This study utilizes routine SNP data to investigate the chromosomal region associated with rob(1;29) and confirm the presence of a shared haplotype among carriers in diverse Italian breeds. Three datasets were employed: Dataset 1 included 151 subjects from 5 beef cattle breeds genotyped with the GGP Bovine 33 k SNP chip; Dataset 2 encompassed 800 subjects from 32 Italian breeds genotyped with the Illumina 50 k SNP chip, sourced from the BOVITA dataset; Dataset 3 combined Dataset 2 with 21 karyologically tested subjects from breeds with a high carrier frequency, genotyped using the Affymetrix 65 K SNP chip. FST analysis pinpointed a distinctive genomic region on the first six Mb of BTA29, the centromeric region involved in the translocation. Haplotype comparisons within this non-recombining region revealed a common haplotype shared among all carriers, supporting the theory of a common ancestor. Principal component and haplotype analysis allowed clear differentiation of rob(1;29) homozygous and heterozygous carriers. Expanding to Dataset 2 revealed rob(1;29) carriers in unexpected breeds, all sharing the same ancestral haplotype. Notably, previously untested breeds, including Cinisara, exhibited a high carrier prevalence (nearly 50%), confirmed by karyological analysis. This study validates the presence of a shared haplotype among all identified rob(1;29) carriers, reinforcing the common ancestor theory as the origin of this translocation's spread throughout the cattle population. Furthermore, it underscores the potential of SNP data analysis as a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective tool for broad rob(1;29) screening, given the translocation's consistent nature across all analyzed breeds.
Contribution of infection and vaccination to population-level seroprevalence through two COVID waves in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Selvavinayagam T. S. , Somasundaram Anavarathan , Selvam Jerard Maria , Sampath P. , Vijayalakshmi V. , Kumar C. Ajith Brabhu , Subramaniam Sudharshini , Kumarasamy Parthipan , Raju S. , Avudaiselvi R. , Prakash V. , Yogananth N. , Subramanian Gurunathan , Roshini A. , Dhiliban D. N. , Imad Sofia , Tandel Vaidehi , Parasa Rajeswari , Sachdeva Stuti , Ramachandran Sabareesh , Malani Anup 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study employs repeated, large panels of serological surveys to document rapid and substantial waning of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the population level and to calculate the extent to which infection and vaccination separately contribute to seroprevalence estimates. Four rounds of serological surveys were conducted, spanning two COVID waves (October 2020 and April–May 2021), in Tamil Nadu (population 72 million) state in India. Each round included representative populations in each district of the state, totaling ≥ 20,000 persons per round. State-level seroprevalence was 31.5% in round 1 (October–November 2020), after India’s first COVID wave. Seroprevalence fell to 22.9% in round 2 (April 2021), a roughly one-third decline in 6 months, consistent with dramatic waning of SARS-Cov-2 antibodies from natural infection. Seroprevalence rose to 67.1% by round 3 (June–July 2021), with infections from the Delta-variant induced second COVID wave accounting for 74% of the increase. Seroprevalence rose to 93.1% by round 4 (December 2021–January 2022), with vaccinations accounting for 63% of the increase. Antibodies also appear to wane after vaccination. Seroprevalence in urban areas was higher than in rural areas, but the gap shrunk over time (35.7 v. 25.7% in round 1, 89.8% v. 91.4% in round 4) as the epidemic spread even in low-density rural areas.
Response boosts serial dependence in the numerosity estimation task
Authors: Morimoto Yukihiro , Makioka Shogo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPerceptions of current stimuli are sometimes biased toward or away from past perceptions. This phenomenon is called serial dependence. However, the strength of the effect of past responses on serial dependence has not been fully elucidated. We conducted experiments with a task in which participants estimated the number of dot arrays (numerosity estimation task) and directly compared whether the strength of serial dependence changed in the numerosity estimation task when participants responded or did not respond in the immediately preceding trial. We also examined whether the strength of serial dependence affected the accuracy of the numerosity estimation. We found that attractive serial dependence was stronger when participants responded in the immediately preceding trial than when they only saw the stimulus. The results suggest that the information from the previous stimulus must reach the higher-level processes associated with perceptual decisions to influence the estimation of the current stimulus. However, it is possible that the results of this study are specific to tasks in which participants respond with numeric symbols. The magnitude of the serial dependence effect was not observed to affect numerosity estimation performance, and no evidence was found that serial dependence enhances accuracy in the numerosity estimation task.
A quad DC source switched three-phase multilevel DC-link inverter topology
Authors: Sivamani S. , Mangaiyarkarasi S. P. , Gandhi Raj R. , Senthilkumar S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe concept of an isolated DC source cascaded multilevel inverter finds good solutions for generating quality output voltage for low-medium power applications. It shapes the output voltage from three levels into a number of steps closer to a sinusoidal shape using small DC sources or batteries. Several advantages have been sighted like lower voltage stress and bearing noise, and lesser THD. However, a common issue in the MLIs is the total components required which increase with the rise in voltage levels. This paper proposes a three-phase MLI design having several isolated quad voltage source modules including an H-Bridge inverter. The design suggested claims reduced switching components for current conduction paths showing improved output quality. The operational features of the suggested MLI have been analyzed using Matlab/Simulink software, furthermore, an experimental module is constructed for demonstrating the effectiveness of the simulated results.
Trends and oscillations in arctic mediterranean atmospheric static stability during recent arctic warming
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhao Jinping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe long-term variation in the static stability of lower atmosphere (SSLA) in the Arctic Mediterranean is investigated using reanalysis data. Climatological SSLA is categorized into a high-value region (Polar Region) and two low-value regions in the Norwegian Sea (Region-A) and southern part of Iceland (Region-B). The variations of SSLA are divided into trends and oscillations. In the Polar Region, SSLA exhibited a decreasing trend due to Arctic warming and sea ice decline, with negligible oscillatory variations. In Region-A and Region-B, the trends of SSLA are insignificant, while the oscillatory variation becomes obvious. SSLA there are highly correlated to Arctic Oscillation (AO) Index and vertical velocity. The driving factors in weakening SSLA are vertical velocity and surface heating, related to enhanced warm water advection dominated by AO. The variation of SSLA in turn feeds back the vertical velocity and AO.
Shared structural features of Miro binding control mitochondrial homeostasis
Authors: Covill-Cooke Christian , Kwizera Brian , López-Doménech Guillermo , Thompson Caleb OD , Cheung Ngaam J , Cerezo Ema , Peterka Martin , Kittler Josef T , Kornmann Benoît 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMiro proteins are universally conserved mitochondrial calcium-binding GTPases that regulate a multitude of mitochondrial processes, including transport, clearance, and lipid trafficking. The exact role of Miro in these functions is unclear but involves binding to a variety of client proteins. How this binding is operated at the molecular level and whether and how it is important for mitochondrial health, however, remains unknown. Here, we show that known Miro interactors—namely, CENPF, Trak, and MYO19—all use a similar short motif to bind the same structural element: a highly conserved hydrophobic pocket in the first calcium-binding domain of Miro. Using these Miro-binding motifs, we identified direct interactors de novo, including MTFR1/2/1L, the lipid transporters Mdm34 and VPS13D, and the ubiquitin E3-ligase Parkin. Given the shared binding mechanism of these functionally diverse clients and its conservation across eukaryotes, we propose that Miro is a universal mitochondrial adaptor coordinating mitochondrial health.
Schizophrenia: Communication Disorders and Role of the Speech-Language Pathologist
Authors: Raina Shivani 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
This clinical focus article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of schizophrenia and understanding of communication disorders resulting from its psychopathology. Schizophrenia is a spectrum disorder with varying levels of symptom expression. It is characterized by positive and negative symptoms that can cause communication disorders of different severity levels. Communication difficulties manifest as a range of symptoms such as alogia, disorganized speech, and impaired social communication. These challenges may result in receptive and expressive language deficits that lead to misunderstandings, reduced social interactions, and difficulties expressing thoughts and emotions effectively. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to explore the role of the speech-language pathologist (SLP) in assessing and treating communication disorders presented in schizophrenia.

Conclusions:
In order to understand the role of the SLP in assessing and treating communication disorders in schizophrenia, it is imperative to understand the overall course, etiology, assessment, and treatment consideration of this condition. SLPs can provide services in the areas of social skills training and community-based intervention contexts.
An Eye Opener for a Blinding Disease—Orbital Infarction Syndrome
Authors: Kaushik Kavya S. , Acharya Ullas V. , Pandey Paritosh , Krupa Lakshmi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOrbital infarction syndrome (OIS) is a disease of rare occurrence owing to the rich orbital vascular anastomotic network. We describe a case of a middle-aged female who presented with an acute left middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarct with left terminal internal carotid artery and MCA occlusion, underwent emergency mechanical thrombectomy, and developed painful loss of vision shortly after diagnosed as OIS based on clinical and radiological findings. The rarity and severity of OIS, especially in the setting of mechanical thrombectomy, warrant radiologists to be aware of this entity to ensure preventive measures or aid in prompt diagnosis to institute timely treatment.