bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Effect of humanised care on the surgical site wound infection after caesarean: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Yan , Wang Xiu‐Qin , Tian Zhong‐Hua , Li Wei , He Ning , Zhang Gui‐Qin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHerein, a meta‐analysis was conducted to systematically evaluate the effect of humanised care on maternal postoperative wound infections in patients who underwent caesarean section. A computerised search of Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wanfang database was performed, supplemented by a manual search from database inception to September 2023, to collate randomised controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the application of humanised care during the perioperative period of caesarean section. Two researchers screened and selected studies identified according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the included literature was evaluated for quality, extracted information and required data. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Twenty RCTs comprising 2408 patients were included. The results revealed the humanised care group had a lower incidence of postoperative wound infections (0.83% vs. 4.32%, odds ratio [OR]: 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15–0.46, p < 0.00001) and fewer postoperative complications than the conventional care group (4.32% vs. 16.35%, OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.16–0.31, p < 0.00001), with lower anxiety scores (standardised mean difference [SMD]: −3.15, 95% CI: −3.90 to −2.40, p < 0.00001) and depression scores (SMD: −3.68, 95% CI: −4.49 to −2.88, p < 0.00001). The application of humanised care during the perioperative period of caesarean section can prevent postoperative wound infection, reduce postoperative complications and help alleviate maternal anxiety and depression, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Enhancing new graduate nurses and midwives person‐centredness through clinical supervision during COVID‐19; evaluation of a non‐randomized intervention study
Authors: Edgar Denise , Moroney Tracey , Wilson Valerie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate a person‐centred model of clinical supervision to enhance person‐centredness.DesignExperimental, quantitative.MethodsOne hundred and three New Graduates were supported to reflect through a person‐centred lens (July–December 2020). Evaluation was undertaken at 6 months using: the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale‐26 (effectiveness of supervision) and the Person‐centred Practice Inventory (measures attributes of the nurse/midwife, the care environment and person‐centred processes). Due to participation difficulties, scores were calculated by attendance rates using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsRegular attendees scored higher on the supervision's effectiveness; however, this did not reach efficacy. ‘Finding time’ to attend contributed to low scores. Supervision scored well on its supportive function when attended. Many New Graduates perceived a decline in their care environment. Attendance aside, New Graduates averaged an increased in their person‐centred attributes and processes. Greater participation was found in those who scored higher at baseline on their person‐centred attributes and processes, and this higher scoring continued at 6 months than those who attended less.ConclusionNew Graduates who perceive themselves as person‐centred and reflective at baseline are more likely to attend a person‐centred clinical supervision and score higher at 6 months than those who attended less often. New Graduates found support within supervision during challenging times.Implications for Practice for Professional and/or Patient CareFor successful implementation of Person‐centred Clinical Supervision, New Graduates need support to attend, as attendance supports them to begin seeing value in the process.ImpactThis intervention kept person‐centred practice at the forefront of New Graduates reflection, in a time of extreme change. The research has implications for nursing and midwifery management with the imperative to deliver person‐centred care and create the person‐centred cultures for staff to feel supported and empowered.Reporting MethodTransparent Evaluation of Non‐randomized Designs (TREND).Patient of Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.Contribution to Wider Community

New Graduates grow their person‐centredness over their transitioning year; however, this can be enhanced with regular clinical supervision underpinned by person‐centred theory.

Clinical supervisors can provide support to New Graduates when the environment is challenged.
Stress exposure in at‐risk, depressed, and suicidal adolescents
Authors: Stewart Jeremy G. , Pizzagalli Diego A. , Auerbach Randy P. 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundStress exposure contributes to the onset, maintenance, and recurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents. However, the precise stress facets (e.g. chronicity, domain) most strongly linked to outcomes at different stages along the depression severity continuum remain unclear. Across two studies, chronic and episodic stressors were comprehensively assessed among: (a) healthy youth with (High‐Risk [HR]) and without (Low‐Risk [LR]) a maternal history of MDD and (b) adolescents with current MDD and suicide ideation and healthy controls (HC).MethodStudy 1 included LR (n = 65) and HR (n = 22) 12‐ to 14‐year‐olds (49 females; 56.32%) with no lifetime history of mental disorders. Study 2 enrolled 87 mid‐to‐late adolescents (64 females; 73.56%), including 57 MDD youth from a short‐term intensive treatment service and 30 HCs from the community. All depressed youth reported recent suicide ideation; some had no lifetime history suicide attempts (SI; n = 31) and others reported at least one past year attempt (SA; n = 26). The Life Events and Difficulties Schedule was used to capture stressor severity in both studies.ResultsWe used multiple linear regression models that adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates. Being in the HR versus LR group was associated with more severe chronic (β = .22, CI95 = 0.01–0.42, p = .041), independent (β = .34, CI95 = 0.12–0.56, p = .003), and interpersonal (β = .23, CI95 = 0.004–0.45, p = .047) stress severity. By contrast, the MDD group reported significantly more severe chronic (β = .62, CI95 = 0.45–0.79, p < .001) and dependent (β = .41, CI95 = 0.21–0.61, p < .001) stress than the HC group, but not independent (p = .083) stress. Stress severity did not differ between recent attempters versus youth who reported suicide ideation alone (SA vs. SI contrast). However, the SA group reported a higher rate of targeted rejection events (RR = 3.53, CI95 = 1.17–10.70, p = .026).ConclusionsOur findings clarify the stressor features that may most strongly contribute to adolescent depression and its clinical correlates at two important points along depression's clinical course.
Effects of vaginal dilation therapy on vaginal condition and sexual function of endometrial cancer patients treated with radiotherapy after surgery
Authors: Lin Yu‐Xuan , Kong Wei‐Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of vaginal dilation therapy on vaginal length, vaginal stenosis, vaginal elasticity, and sexual function of endometrial cancer patients treated with radiotherapy after surgery.MethodsA total of 117 women were enrolled in this study. They received 6 months of vaginal dilation therapy. We evaluated their vaginal length, vaginal diameter, vaginal elasticity, and sexual function before radiotherapy, after radiotherapy, and after 6 months of vaginal dilation therapy. Their vaginal condition was assessed by customized vaginal dilating molds. Their sexual function was assessed by female sexual function index. The SPSS 25 software was used to analyze all the data.ResultsAccording to multivariate analysis, vaginal diameter (β = 0.300, 95% CI [0.217–1.446], p = 0.010) and sexual intercourse frequency before diagnosis (β = 0.424, 95% CI [0.164–0.733], p = 0.006) were significantly correlated with female sexual function after radiotherapy. Vaginal dilation therapy helped increase vaginal length, improve vaginal stenosis and sexual function (p < 0.05), though most of the figures at the end of the intervention did not fully return to those before radiotherapy. Noticeably, vaginal dilation therapy was ineffective in improving vaginal elasticity and the incidence rate of female sexual dysfunction (p > 0.05). Moreover, patients with medium or good vaginal elasticity benefited more from vaginal dilation therapy than patients with poor vaginal elasticity (p < 0.05).ConclusionVaginal dilation therapy should be carried out timely and preventatively in endometrial cancer patients treated with radiotherapy after surgery to improve their vaginal condition and sexual function.
Corporate profit tax, managerial delegation and multinational firm's transfer pricing
Authors: Wu Di , Wang Leonard F. S. , Ma Jie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the transfer pricing decision of the multinational firm. There are differences in profit tax rates between home‐country and host‐country. The multinational firm determines the transfer price to its overseas affiliate and delegates the responsibility of deciding on the final sales to its affiliate manager. We find that: (1) The multinational firm will set a higher transfer price if its affiliate hires a manager. If the host‐country firm also hires a manager, the managerial delegation may lead to an asymmetry “prisoner's dilemma”. (2) When home‐country's tax rate is higher than that in the host‐country, multinational firm tends to set a lower transfer price relative to the marginal production cost. (3) When host‐country's tax rate is higher than that in the home‐country, an increase in the host‐country corporate tax rate decreases multinational firm's profit and the consumer surplus, while its impact on the host‐country firm's profit is non‐monotone; an increase in the home‐country tax rate decreases host‐country firm's profit, increases consumer surplus, but has a non‐monotone impact on multinational firm's profit.
Speaking (about) Substance: The Metaphysics of Rowan Williams and some Russian Philosophers
Authors: Heath Joshua Pulin Elvy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRussian religious culture has been a constant and prominent element of Rowan Williams’ work. This article demonstrates the affinity of Williams’ metaphysics with the work of two Russian philosopher‐theologians, whose influence on Williams is explicit: Sergii Bulgakov and Aleksei Losev. This affinity is drawn out by a close attention to the significance of the concept of substance in Williams’ metaphysics. The concept of substance brings together language, metaphysics, and the doctrine of God in Williams’ work, in ways that converge strongly with the thought of Bulgakov and Losev. Via a scrutiny of language, these thinkers eschew an understanding of substance and transcendence that privileges isolated interiority, with substance instead taking a Trinitarian shape. To think metaphysically thus becomes a spiritual practice, as the metaphysician renounces an understanding of substance in the image of the isolated ego, conforming instead to the triune pattern of created being.
Gauging the stress of long‐term care nursing assistants using ecological momentary assessment, wearable sensors and end of day reconstruction
Authors: Doran Kelly , Witmer Susanna , Yoon K. Lira , Fischer Ethan Ray , Ebangwese Abaneh , Sharma Shifali , Duggirala G. S. Charan , Chen Lujie Karen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundNursing assistants working in long‐term care (LTC) often report that their job is stressful. To reduce their work stress, a better understanding of their stress profile is needed.ObjectiveWe aimed to pilot test methods to identify and understand stressors that LTC nursing assistants experience.MethodsWe asked each participant to provide wearable sensor/watch data, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys and end of day review data over two eight‐hour working shifts.ResultsEight nursing assistants participated. All participants worked in a common continuing care retirement community in Maryland, United States of America. Our stress assessment method revealed 83 stressful events that were classified under 10 categories. Most of the reported events were rated as having a mild to low‐moderate intensity. The three most common causes of stress were work demands and pressure (28.35%), heavy workload and staffing (19.69%), and safety issues and COVID‐19 concerns (17.32%). We also explored the difference between stress events and intensity among different shifts. Disrespect from residents (22.73%) was the most commonly reported stressor during day shifts. Feeling rushed was the most commonly reported stressor during the evening (22.47%) and the night (38.46%) shifts.ConclusionsWe found stress was commonly reported. Stress intensity conflicted with prior literature, and we explored possible explanations.Implications for practiceWe discuss potential implications for these findings, modification of our methods to increase feasibility, the utility of these data collection methods for future work and suggest next steps.
Increased Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Discogenic Neck Pain
Authors: Kang Xinjian , Qian Man , Qin Tao , Liu Mingli , Xu Haiwei , Xu Baoshan 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveAlthough neck pain has become a serious economic and social problem worldwide, the etiology remains poorly understood. The aim of current study is to explore the possible pathogenesis of discogenic neck pain by analyzing the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and discogenic neck pain and provide a valuable reference for the prevention and treatment of discogenic neck pain.MethodsA total of 111 cervical disc samples were collected between October 1, 2021, and October 1, 2022: 38 samples from the discogenic neck pain group, 41 samples from the symptomatic control group, and 32 samples from the normal control group. The concentration of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)‐1, interleukin (IL)‐6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) was determined using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in each sample, and the degeneration degree of the target discs were evaluated using T2‐weighted sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to the Miyazaki disc degeneration grading system. Whether the differences among the three groups were statistically significant was tested using one‐way analysis of variance and an unpaired t‐test, respectively.ResultsThe differences of the baseline characteristics were not statistically significant between the discogenic neck pain group and the symptomatic control group (p > 0.05). The expression of inflammatory cytokines in disc samples from the discogenic neck pain group (NO: 9.89 ± 1.75, IL‐1β: 10.74 ± 1.92, IL‐6:31.65 ± 2.46, and TNF‐α: 5.96 ± 1.91) was increased in comparison with the disc samples from both the symptomatic control group (NO: 7.15 ± 2.78, IL‐1β: 8.03 ± 1.87, IL‐6: 25.79 ± 2.12, and TNF‐α: 4.18 ± 2.87) and the normal control group (NO: 6.11 ± 1.37, IL‐1β: 5.84 ± 2.25, IL‐6: 20.65 ± 1.26, and TNF‐α: 2.05 ± 0.58). The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Further, there were no statistical differences in the degree of degeneration between discogenic neck pain group and symptomatic control group.ConclusionsThe increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in diseased cervical intervertebral discs might play a key role in the pathogenesis of discogenic neck pain. Although inflammation is involved in intervertebral disc degeneration, there is no linear positive correlation between the concentration of inflammatory cytokines and the degree of disc degeneration.
Administrative responses to democratic backsliding: When is bureaucratic resistance justified?
Authors: Bauer Michael W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPopulist, illiberal, or outright autocratic movements threaten democracies worldwide, particularly when such extreme political forces gain control of executive power. For public administration illiberal backsliders in government pose a dilemma. Trained on instrumental values and expected to implement neutrally the political choices of their elected superiors, bureaucrats lack orientation of how to act in situations when obeying their own government may mean becoming an accomplice to democratic regression. Against this background, this article maps the dubious demands of backsliders in government as well as the potential reactions of bureaucrats to them. Public administration thinking is subsequently examined with a view to showing how administrative resistance to democratic backsliding could be normatively justified. Finally, the article provides practical recommendations to enhance the resilience of democratic public administration in the face of illiberal challenges.
Predicting competitive integrated employment outcomes of Asian American vocational rehabilitation Clients: A national study
Authors: Kaya Cahit , Chun Jina , Torres Ayse , Chen Roy K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThe current study investigated the relationships between demographic variables, cash benefits, vocational rehabilitation (VR) services, and employment outcomes of Asian Americans VR clients.MethodsThe data were extracted from the most recent Rehabilitation Service Administration database (RSA‐911). Among 17,278 case services records, 5784 clients met the inclusion criteria. Chi‐square automatic interaction detector and logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the employment outcomes.ResultsThe results indicated that Asian American clients who have completed a bachelor's degree or more do not receive disability‐related benefits, and those who received more VR services were more likely to achieve competitive integrated employment (CIE). In addition, VR counseling and job placement services were significant predictors of employment outcomes.ConclusionsThese findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing CIE among Asian American VR clients with disabilities. The results further underscore the importance of VR professionals possessing cultural competence to effectively serve a diverse clientele.
Sustained high fatality during TB therapy amid rapid decline in TB mortality at population level: A retrospective cohort and ecological analysis from Shiselweni, Eswatini
Authors: Kerschberger Bernhard , Vambe Debrah , Schomaker Michael , Mabhena Edwin , Daka Michelle , Dlamini Themba , Ngwenya Siphiwe , Mamba Bheki , Nxumalo Bongekile , Sibanda Joyce , Dube Sisi , Dlamini Lindiwe Mdluli , Mukooza Esther , Ellman Tom , Ciglenecki Iza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesDespite declining TB notifications in Southern Africa, TB‐related deaths remain high. We describe patient‐ and population‐level trends in TB‐related deaths in Eswatini over a period of 11 years.MethodsPatient‐level (retrospective cohort, from 2009 to 2019) and population‐level (ecological analysis, 2009–2017) predictors and rates of TB‐related deaths were analysed in HIV‐negative and HIV‐coinfected first‐line TB treatment cases and the population of the Shiselweni region. Patient‐level TB treatment data, and population and HIV prevalence estimates were combined to obtain stratified annual mortality rates. Multivariable Poisson regressions models were fitted to identify patient‐level and population‐level predictors of deaths.ResultsOf 11,883 TB treatment cases, 1302 (11.0%) patients died during treatment: 210/2798 (7.5%) HIV‐negative patients, 984/8443 (11.7%) people living with HIV (PLHIV), and 108/642 (16.8%) patients with unknown HIV‐status. The treatment case fatality ratio remained above 10% in most years. At patient‐level, fatality risk was higher in PLHIV (aRR 1.74, 1.51–2.02), and for older age and extra‐pulmonary TB irrespective of HIV‐status. For PLHIV, fatality risk was higher for TB retreatment cases (aRR 1.38, 1.18–1.61) and patients without antiretroviral therapy (aRR 1.70, 1.47–1.97). It decreases with increasing higher CD4 strata and the programmatic availability of TB‐LAM testing (aRR 0.65, 0.35–0.90). At population‐level, mortality rates decreased 6.4‐fold (−147/100,000 population) between 2009 (174/100,000) and 2017 (27/100,000), coinciding with a decline in TB treatment cases (2785 in 2009 to 497 in 2017). Although the absolute decline in mortality rates was most pronounced in PLHIV (−826/100,000 vs. HIV‐negative: −23/100,000), the relative population‐level mortality risk remained higher in PLHIV (aRR 4.68, 3.25–6.72) compared to the HIV‐negative population.ConclusionsTB‐related mortality rapidly decreased at population‐level and most pronounced in PLHIV. However, case fatality among TB treatment cases remained high. Further strategies to reduce active TB disease and introduce improved TB therapies are warranted.
Silica and barium: Comparison of microscopic appearance and characterization of effects of silica on cytomorphology
Authors: Cagle Laura A. , Fry Michael M. , Wesley Kenneth B. , Beatty Sarah S. K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSilica from plastic red top sample collection tubes and barium cause recognized artifacts in slide preparations for microscopic examination.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to evaluate and directly compare the microscopic appearance of silica and barium particles and various slide preparation techniques (e.g., use of coverslips, oil immersion, and different stains). A secondary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of silica particles on cellular morphology after mechanical trauma with cytocentrifugation.MethodsFluid samples (deionized water, pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine) were collected and evaluated in silica‐ and non‐silica‐containing tubes. Barium was added to silica and non‐silica samples. Direct and cytocentrifuge preparations were compared to evaluate the effect of silica particles on cellular morphology. Preparations were stained with Wright–Giemsa, rhodizonic acid disodium salt, Alizarin Red, Grocott's methenamine silver, and Prussian blue.ResultsSilica and barium particles were identifiable via light microscopy with and without polarized light, although silica particles diminished with immersion oil. Barium particles retained their structure and diminished less under oil. Cytoseal mounting medium for coverslip placement resulted in diminished refractility of silica and some barium particles. Silica particles with mechanical interaction during cytocentrifugation resulted in disrupted cellular morphology with many lysed cells. Silica and barium particles were negative for all special stains tested.ConclusionsSilica from plastic red top tubes adversely affects cell morphology in cytocentrifuge preparations, potentially affecting manual differential cell counts and compromising diagnostic interpretation. Samples intended for microscopic evaluation should not be collected in silica‐containing tubes.
Industrial Research Laboratory Organization
Authors: Mees C. E. K. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The great value of scientific research, both to the industries and the nation at large, is now generally recognized. The industrial research laboratory is an important factor in maintaining the supremacy of an industry, and its success depends to a considerable degree upon its relation to the other departments of the company with which it is associated. In this paper these statements are discussed, and the author presents his views regarding the establishment and function of industrial laboratories, giving in connection with the latter three annular diagrams. The form and operating costs of industrial laboratories are also discussed.