bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From byte to bedside: Ushering in the era of digital oncology to outsmart cancer
Authors: Lawler Mark , Dunne Philip 
Published: January 2024

From byte to bedside: Ushering in the era of digital oncology to outsmart cancer
Philip Dunne and Mark Lawler from the Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research talk to us about the emerging field of ‘digital oncology’ and how their approach can truly optimise cancer research and care. Researchers at Queen’s University Belfast are spearheading a significant novel approach to address one of human health’s greatest challenges. The emerging field of research known as ‘digital oncology’ has brought together scientists from diverse backgrounds to work together on the global cancer research effort. Using a combination of computer programming, data analytics, digital pathology, and molecular and cellular biology, our team collaborates closely with colleagues from around the world to achieve our goals. While bioinformatics – the intersection between biology and computer science – is a recognised scientific discipline, this new approach goes much further. Patients’ information derived from cancer treatment centres and clinical trial units is combined with diverse laboratory data, including pathology and genomic analyses.
Multiple impacts of energy efficiency
Authors: Berger Frederic 
Published: January 2024

Multiple impacts of energy efficiency
Multiple impacts of energy efficiency are at everyone’s fingertips with the MICATool, Frederic Berger, Researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, explains. Energy efficiency measures can have positive and negative effects beyond the usual measure of energy savings. These effects are called multiple impacts of energy efficiency (also referred to as multiple benefits, co-benefits, non-energy benefits, or ancillary benefits). Multiple impacts cover a broad spectrum of sustainability’s environmental, social, and economic aspects.
Sepsis and the killer platelets
Authors: Cox Dermot 
Published: January 2024

Sepsis and the killer platelets
Dermot Cox BSc, PG Dip Ed, PhD, Pharmacology Lead from the School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences – RCSI University of Medicine & Health Sciences, discusses sepsis and the killer platelets. Sepsis is defined as “life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection” (1) (Sepsis 3) and is typically diagnosed using the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. While sepsis typically arises in response to a bacterial infection, surprisingly, around 40% of cases are culture negative. The cause of culture negative sepsis is unclear but could be due to bacterial species that are difficult to grow in the lab.
Optimization Of The Penggerak School Program At The Educational Unit Level
Authors: Gayus Sadarman Tafonao  , Sugiarto Sugiarto  , Siti Rochanah  
Published: January 2024

Based on the Decree of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia No. 1177/M/2020 concerning the Penggerak School Program, the determination of the educational unit as the implementer of the Penggerak School Program is carried out by selecting the Head of the Education Unit who has learning leadership, learning that supports students and a willingness to learn that represents diversity throughout Indonesia (differentiated learning). The presence of the Penggerak School Program began with an independent curriculum development program which started from the implementation of the 2013 curriculum which was considered too rigid, the material was too dense and learning loss was caused by the impact of online learning during the Covid-19. The method used in research is libarary research methods. In general, this research describes the results of the penggerak school program carried out at the educational unit level, so that it can encourage the transformation process of educational units in order to increase student learning outcomes character in order to realize Pancasila students. Penggerak School Program has several advantages, namely being a school that can provide guidance to other schools (model school), getting assistance from expert trainers, accelerating school digitalization & improving the quality of school principals and teachers. Schools that take part in the Penggerak School Program will be expected to have output as a pioneer force in the transition to the independent curriculum.
Showcasing The Uniqueness Of A Marine Destination By Adopting Local Wisdom
Authors: Nurdina Prasetyo  
Published: January 2024

Development based on local wisdom and indigenous practices can be particularly effective since local wisdom is often the only asset the local people control, and certainly one with which they are very familiar. Yet, literature on marine tourism development shows a scarcity of studies that draw from local wisdom, even though local community participation is underlined as one of the most important factors in successful marine tourism development. This paper explores the role of adopting local wisdom and indigenous practices in marine tourism development in showcasing the uniqueness of marine tourism destinations, with the case study of Misool, Raja Ampat, Indonesia. Misool is one of the islands in Raja Ampat which attracts marine tourists from around the world due to its abundance marine life. Using a conversational method for data collection, this paper analyzes how the integration of local wisdom and indigenous practices in tourism takes place and how tourists appreciate them. Findings from conversations with local people who worked as tour guides and dive guides show that the guests expressed appreciation when being asked to follow specific things according to their local wisdom and indigenous practices when visiting some of the tourist attractions or dive sites. Some of their guests stated that Misool is unique because of these practices. These findings reveal that adopting local wisdom and indigenous practices in a marine tourism destination emphasizes the uniqueness of the place. Moreover, the unique culture of the local community can also be an added value to the total tourism experience.
Self-Consciousness, Transparency, and Reflection
Authors: Boyle Matthew 
Published: January 2024

The capacity of human knowers to turn their cognitive powers upon themselves has long fascinated philosophers. My book Transparency and Reflection grew out of an attempt to comprehend a fundamental thought from Kant about the significance of this capacity for self-consciousness: namely, that it transforms the general character of human knowing, giving rise to a distinctively rational form of cognition and supplying the basis for a distinctively philosophical understanding of our own minds and of the world with which they engage. In seeking to understand these Kantian ideas, however, I found myself struggling with difficulties that led me to re-think my approach, moving away from a Kantian formulation of these points and toward one inspired by ideas from Sartre. In the present essay, I describe the difficulties that led me from Kant to Sartre, and I also seek to explain how, in spite of this shift in perspective, my book bears out various fundamental Kantian thoughts about the significance of human self-consciousness.
ДІТИ ПІВДНЯ ЧЕРНІГІВЩИНИ у 1933–1934 рр. (за документами політвідділів МТС)
Authors: Etkina Iryna 
Published: January 2024

Метою статті є відтворення становища дітей півдня Чернігівської області у 1933–1934 рр. як складової Голодомору-геноциду та репресій проти українців у цьому регіоні. Для розвідки використано методологічні підходи «локальної історії», «історії знизу». На основі аналізу великого масиву джерел державного архіву Чернігівської області, що включає як документи політвідділів МТС та інших органів місцевої влади півдня Чернігівщини, так і заяв-звернень мешканців сіл до цих органів, зроблено загальні висновки. Наукова новизна розвідки полягає в тому, що вкрай болюча тема становища дітей під час Голодомору-геноциду на матеріалах Чернігівщини не досліджена, не зважаючи на велику увагу до тематики Голодомору в цілому. Опрацьовані матеріали дозволили дійти таких висновків. Діти півдня Чернігівщини масово ставали жертвами Голодомору-геноциду, що продовжувався в цьому регіоні і в 1934 р., а також жертвами репресій як діти «ледарів», одноосібників, «куркулів», виселенців і т. д. Сталінський режим розколов українське село на тих, хто розкуркулював, і тих, кого розкуркулювали. Цей розлом проходив і через вікову категорію дітей-підлітків, які змушені були доносити на своїх однолітків, аби вижити самим.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI AUDIO ON DEMAND BERBASIS PODCAST PADA APLIKASI SPOTIFY TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN
Authors: Nindi Pratiwi Yuan , Munarwati Purnomo Hanni , Angelina Marcel Dita , Sri Kusumawati Henny 
Published: January 2024

Teknologi Audio On Demand Berbasis Podcast di Spotify merupakan salah satu pemanfaatan media baru untuk mencari kebutuhan informasi yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa di Kota Surakarta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa di Kota Surakarta dalam menggunakan podcast di Spotify. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Kota Surakarta pengguna podcast di Spotify, dengan sampel sebanyak 40 responden. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Uses and Gratification yang memiliki 4 kategori dalam mengukur tingkat kepuasan, yaitu kepuasan informasi, kepuasan identitas pribadi, kepuasan integrasi dan interaksi sosial, serta kepuasan hiburan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perbandingan skor rata-rata (mean) masing-masing kepuasan yang diharapkan (GS) dan kepuasan yang diperoleh (GO), dengan perbandingan sebagai informasi, skor GS adalah 4,09 dan skor GO adalah 4,13 (GS <GO), untuk identitas personal skor GS 3,95 dan skor GO 3,98 (GS<GO), untuk integrasi dan interaksi sosial skor GS 3,96 dan skor GO 4,03 (GS<GO), untuk hiburan, skor GS sebesar 4,07dan skor GO sebesar 4,12 (GS<GO), dengan perbandingan rata-rata skor keseluruhan GS sebesar 36,06 dan skor GO sebesar 36,47 (GS < GO) yang berarti kepuasan yang diperoleh mahasiswa Surakarta lebih besar dari kepuasan yang diharapkan. Artinya podcast di Spotify sudah mampu memenuhi kebutuhan audiensnya.
DNA polymorphisms detect ancient barriers to gene flow in Basques
Authors: Iriondo M. , Barbero M.C. , Manzano C. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis work features the first district‐by‐district analysis of all provinces in the Iberian Peninsula with an autochthonous Basque population, and indicates the existence of genetic heterogeneity. The populations cluster in three groups arising from processes of genetic drift which probably occurred in pre‐Mesolithic times, and were probably those which repopulated the southern areas of the Basque Country after the Last Glacial Maximum. It seems that from that period onwards, the population settled in three major groups (West Basques, Central Basques, and East Basques), along geographical axes which appear substantial in the maintaining of each population unit. This genetic structure is probably reflected in other aspects such as the existence of ancient tribes and the dialects of the Basque language, the boundaries of which may be related at origin and which are quite similar to those detected in this work. Our results indicate that the populations of the Basque Country are genetically close to other neighboring populations, such as that of Aragon, which may indicate an outgoing gene flow from the Basque area down the River Ebro towards the Mediterranean seaboard. While our short tandem repeat data suggest that population structure within the Basques dates back to the Mesolithic, our findings are also consistent with the hypothesis that patterns of modern European genetic diversity have been shaped mainly during the Neolithic. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolutionary implications of the unusual walking mechanics of the common marmoset (C. jacchus)
Authors: Schmitt Daniel 
Published: August 2003

AbstractSeveral features that appear to differentiate the walking gaits of most primates from those of most other mammals (the prevalence of diagonal‐sequence footfalls, high degrees of humeral protraction, and low forelimb vs. hindlimb peak vertical forces) are believed to have evolved in response to requirements of locomotion on thin arboreal supports by early primates that had developed clawless grasping hands and feet. This putative relationship between anatomy, behavior, and ecology is tested here by examining gait mechanics in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a primate that has sharp claws and reduced pedal grasping, and that spends much of its time clinging on large trunks. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected on three maleCallithrix jacchusas they walked across a force platform attached to the ground or to raised horizontal poles. The vast majority of all walking gaits were lateral‐sequence. For all steps, the humerus was retracted (<90° relative to a horizontal axis) or held in a neutral (90°) position at forelimb touchdown. Peak vertical forces on the forelimb were always higher than those on the hindlimb. These three features of the walking gaits ofC. jacchusseparate it from any other primate studied (including other callitrichids). The walking gaits ofC. jacchusare mechanically more similar to those of small, nonprimate mammals. The results of this study support previous models that suggest that the unusual suite of features that typify the walking gaits of most primates are adaptations to the requirements of locomotion on thin arboreal supports. These data, along with data from other primates and marsupials, suggest that primate postcranial and locomotor characteristics are part of a basal adaptation for walking on thin branches. Am J Phys Anthropol 120:000–000, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fiber architecture of the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder and arm in semiterrestrial and arboreal guenons
Authors: Anapol Fred , Gray J. Patrick 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe internal organization of myofibers and connective tissues has important physiologic implications for muscle function and for naturalistic behavior. In this study of forelimb muscle morphology and primate locomotion, fiber architecture is examined in the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder (musculi deltoideus, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, subscapularis, teres major, and t. minor) and arm (m. coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis, and triceps brachii) in the semiterrestrial vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops) and arboreal red‐tailed guenons (Cercopithecus ascanius). Wet weights and lengths of whole muscles, lengths of fasciculi and their associated proximal and distal tendons, and angles of pinnation were measured to estimate morphologic correlates of physiologic properties of individual muscles: force, velocity/excursion, energy expense, and relative isometric or isotonic contraction. Neither mean total‐shoulder:total‐arm ratios for muscle mass nor total reduced physiological cross‐sectional area exhibited significant (P < 0.05) interspecific differences, thus emphasizing the importance of fine‐tuning musculoskeletal analyses by the data collected here. The results generally support those previously published for quadriceps femoris and triceps surae of the hind limb in these species (Anapol and Barry [1996] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 99:429–447). The fiber architecture of the semiterrestrial vervets is largely suited for higher velocity while running on the ground. By contrast, the architectural configuration of red‐tailed monkeys implies relatively isometric muscle contraction and passive storage of elastic strain energy for exploitation of the compliant canopy, where substrate components are situated beneath the sagittal plane of the animal. With respect to relative distribution of maximum potential force output among muscles of either shoulder or arm groups in these otherwise hind limb‐dominated quadrupedal primates, statistically significant interspecific differences are best interpreted in light of braking, climbing, and, for vervets, the transition between ground and canopy.The interspecific differences shown here for the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder and arm underscore the significance of intramuscular morphology in reconciling structure and function with regard to locomotor behavior. Its analysis and interpretation lend support to consideration of “semiterrestrial” as a bona fide locomotor category uniquely different from what is practiced by dedicated arboreal and terrestrial quadrupeds that occasionally visit the habitat of one another. Data from a more committed terrestrial species would clarify this enigma. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellular mechanism of inhibition of osteoclastic resorption of bone and calcified cartilage by long‐term pamidronate administration in ovariectomized mature rats
Authors: Mayahara Mitsuori , Sasaki Takahisa 
Published: August 2003

AbstractWe examined the effects of long‐term bisphosphonate (BP, pamidronate) administration at a therapeutic dose (1.5 mg/kg/day) on the distribution, structure, and vacuolar‐type H+‐ATPase expression of osteoclasts, and the resulting trabecular bone volume and structure in ovariectomized (OVX) mature rats. Six‐month‐old female rats were allocated to sham‐operated control, untreated‐OVX, and BP‐administered OVX groups. Postoperatively, BP was administered intraperitoneally once a day to OVX rats for up to 30 days. On postoperative days 14, 30, and 60, all of the rats were killed and the distal metaphyseal area of the dissected humeri was examined. Quantitative backscattered‐electron image analysis revealed that the trabecular bone volume/unit medullary area in untreated OVX rats was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that in sham‐operated controls at 30 and 60 days postoperation. BP administration significantly (P < 0.05) increased trabecular bone volume at 14, 30, and 60 days postoperation in BP‐administered OVX rats compared to both sham‐operated and untreated OVX rats. Compared to untreated OVX rats, the number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‐positive osteoclasts along the bone trabeculae in BP‐administered OVX rats was not significantly decreased on days 14 and 30, but was significantly decreased on day 60. Ultrastructurally, BP administration caused the disappearance of both the ruffled border (RB) and the clear zone (CZ) structures, and decreased the expression of vacuolar‐type H+‐ATPase in most osteoclasts, but did not significantly induce apoptosis of osteoclasts detected by the terminal dUTP nick end‐labeling (TUNEL) method. Our results suggest that long‐term BP administration significantly reduces bone and calcified cartilage resorption through impairment of the structure and bone‐resorbing function of osteoclasts, and thereby effectively maintains trabecular bone volume and structure in ovariectomy‐induced acute estrogen deficiency in mature rats. Anat Rec Part A 274A:817–826, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hematopoietic cells from bone marrow have the potential to differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro
Authors: Eisenberg Leonard M. , Burns Lindsey , Eisenberg Carol A. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractRecent studies have indicated that hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) have the capacity to form cardiomyocytes. In the present study, we further examined the cardiac competence of HPCs by asking whether these cells by themselves can be provoked to undergo cardiac differentiation. Our data indicate that in response to growth factor treatment, HPCs from avian bone marrow (BM) can undergo cardiac differentiation, as indicated by their expression of multiple cardiac transcription factors and sarcomeric proteins. Furthermore, coculture experiments with adult mouse BM cells and embryonic heart tissue confirmed that HPCs are able to both integrate into cardiac tissue and differentiate into cardiomyocytes. In an additional set of experiments, we investigated whether other hematopoietic populations might possess cardiac potential by examining whether blood cells that normally are recruited to damaged tissue might act as a source of newly generated cardiomyocytes. Remarkably, macrophages cocultured with cardiac explants also demonstrated an ability to integrate into contractile heart tissue and undergo cardiac differentiation. Thus, our data suggest that the capacity of blood cells to transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes is not limited to classically defined hematopoietic progenitors. Anat Rec Part A 274A:870–882, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chiral HPLC separation and CD spectra of the C‐2 diastereomers of naringin in grapefruit during maturation
Authors: Caccamese Salvatore , Manna Luigi , Scivoli Giovanna 
Published: August 2003

AbstractNaringin is the chief flavanone glycoside of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi). It is responsible for part of the bitter taste of the fruit and can cause the inhibition of some cytochrome P450s. The direct separation of (2R)‐ and (2S)‐naringin in the albedo of grapefruits was obtained in normal phase HPLC mode using Chiralcel OD as chiral stationary phase and n‐hexane/ethanol with 0.1% of TFA as mobile phase. Chiralpak AD was almost ineffective in the separation. This procedure was used to evaluate the stereochemistry at C‐2 during maturation of the grapefruit. The CD curves of (2R)‐ and (2S)‐naringin isolated by semipreparative chiral HPLC were determined and the elution order of the chromatographic peaks was related to the absolute C‐2 configuration. Partial resolution of the C‐2 diastereomers of narirutin was obtained on Chiralpak AD. Chirality 15:661–667, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stereoselective pharmacokinetics and metabolism of flobufen in guinea pigs
Authors: Trejtnar František , Král Radim , Pávek Petr , Wsól Vladimír 
Published: August 2003

AbstractStereoselective aspects of pharmacokinetics and metabolism of a chiral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, flobufen, 4‐(2′, 4′‐difluorobiphenyl‐4‐yl)‐2‐methyl‐4‐oxobutanoic acid, were studied in male guinea pigs after p.o. administration of racemic flobufen (rac‐flobufen) at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected at intervals over 16 h after the administration of rac‐flobufen for the quantification of flobufen enantiomers and their respective metabolites in plasma by chiral high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was used to determine pharmacokinetic parameters of R‐ and S‐flobufen. The plasma concentrations of the S‐ and R‐enantiomers differed significantly during the experimental period. The S/R‐enantiomeric ratio in 7plasma reached a maximum value of 10.1 at 240 min postdose. The oral clearance value of R‐flobufen was five times higher than S‐flobufen. The other pharmacokinetic parameters (Ke, T1/2, VSS/F, MRT) of the enantiomers also differed substantially. All four stereoisomers of the dihydrometabolite of flobufen were detected in plasma with varying concentrations. Metabolite 17203 [4‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)‐phenylacetic acid] exhibited a relatively longer residence time compared to that noted for the enantiomers of the parent compound. Pharmacokinetics of the flobufen enantiomers were stereoselective in guinea pigs. The metabolism of flobufen was complex. However, metabolite 17203 seemed to be the main metabolite of flobufen that may be responsible for its relatively long‐lasting antiphlogistic and immunomodulatory effects. Chirality 15:724–729, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.