bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Newton–Krylov solver with multiplicative Schwarz preconditioning for finite element compressible flow simulations
Authors: Banaś K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe paper presents an implementation of the Newton–Krylov–Schwarz methodology for stabilized, adaptive finite element approximations of compressible Navier–Stokes equations. Special emphasis is laid on preconditioning of the GMRES method within Newton iterations. Several Schwarz preconditioners are compared on a benchmark problem, including a new implementation of multiplicative preconditioner for matrix‐free GMRES, that can be interpreted as accelerated block Gauss–Seidel iterations. Numerical examples show a good performance of the new algorithm, for single step problems and overall simulations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Emotional cue exposure for alcohol abuse: development of a new treatment procedure to train moderation drinking in the context of dysphoria
Authors: Sitharthan Thiagarajan , Sitharthan Gomathi , Kavanagh David J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractNegative mood states are credited to exacerbate excessive drinking among problem drinkers. We developed an emotional cue exposure treatment procedure and applied it to three problem drinkers who have a history of drinking excessively under stressful emotional states. All three preferred a controlled drinking goal and received an average of seven sessions of treatment. Treatment comprised of providing alcohol (priming doses), followed by negative mood induction and response prevention of further drinking. Reductions were observed in the quantity and frequency of drinking, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (Form C) and the Impaired Control Questionnaire scores. Increments were observed in self‐efficacy to face different difficult situations. These gains were maintained at the 6‐month follow‐up. Providing alcohol to problem drinkers in treatment, followed by negative mood induction and response prevention, is clinically feasible and may benefit clients who drink under a variety of stressful mood states. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Attachment theory in adolescence and its relevance to developmental psychopathology
Authors: Brown Lucy Scott , Wright John 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe relationship between the quality of early attachment and later psychological adaptation is frequently emphasized. To date, the significance of attachment during infancy and adulthood has been a central focus in the literature, with remarkably little attention being given to adolescence. The aim of this selective review is to introduce and critically consider the key concepts of attachment theory, and to then discuss the relevance of attachment to the period of adolescence. More specifically, an emphasis will be placed upon the importance of early attachment experiences in the development of adolescent psychopathology. Theoretical explanations for this relationship are considered alongside implications for clinical practice and research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An empirical review of cognitive therapy for late life depression: does research evidence suggest adaptations are necessary for cognitive therapy with older adults?
Authors: Laidlaw Ken 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper describes the treatment of depression in older adults using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) as first developed by Beck and colleagues. Evidence for the validity and effectiveness of this form of treatment is considered by reference to published outcome research and meta‐analysis studies. Attempts to compare CBT approaches with other forms of psychotherapy have indicated minimal differences in outcome with all therapy modalities reporting beneficial effects in comparison to no treatment or placebo. It is clear that an empirical evaluation of cognitive‐behaviour therapy for late life depression is still in its early stages as evidenced by the small number of published studies. The clinical issue of whether therapeutic adaptations are necessary in order for cognitive therapy to be effective with older adults is briefly discussed with reference to the literature from outcome research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cognitive therapy versus moclobemide in social phobia: a controlled study
Authors: Oosterbaan Désirée B. , Balkom Anton J.L.M. van , Spinhoven Philip , Oppen Patricia van , Dyck Richard van 
Published: January 2005

AbstractEighty‐two patients with social phobia were randomly assigned to cognitive therapy or double‐blind drug treatment with moclobemide (300–600 mg per day) or placebo. After 15 weeks of active treatment, a 2‐month treatment‐free follow‐up as well as a 15‐month naturalistic follow‐up were scheduled. At post‐test, cognitive therapy was significantly superior to moclobemide, but not to placebo, on a composite social phobia measure. At 2‐month follow‐up, cognitive therapy was superior to both moclobemide and placebo. Treatment gains were maintained in cognitive therapy during 2‐month and 15‐month follow‐up, however, most patients (66%) who completed the study needed additional cognitive and/or behavioural treatment. Moclobemide proved not superior to placebo at post‐test as well as at 2‐month follow‐up. As most patients from the medication conditions were treated with cognitive and/or behavioural treatment during the naturalistic follow‐up period, at the 15‐month assessment no between‐group differential effects were found to remain. These results indicate that cognitive therapy is an effective treatment for social phobia in both the short and long term. As the results from previous studies on the efficacy of moclobemide in social phobia were inconclusive, our data tip the scales in the direction that there is no place for moclobemide in the treatment of social phobia. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Responsibility attitude, obsession and compulsion: further support in a non‐clinical sample
Authors: Mancini Francesco , D'Olimpio Francesca , D'Ercole Stefania 
Published: January 2005

AbstractResponsibility is one of the most investigated constructs in obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD). Although there are an increasing number of studies on this topic, results seem to be questionable. Whereas several authors reported a significant link between OC behaviour and responsibility in nonclinical as well as in clinical samples, the findings of many authors failed to demonstrate the presence of such an association. In the current study, we examined the relationship between obsessive‐compulsive behaviour and responsibility. To this aim, participants filled in five inventories: the Responsibility Attitude Scale (RAS), the Responsibility Questionnaire (RQ), the Padua Inventory Revised (PI‐R), the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results showed a relationship between obsessive‐compulsive behaviour (PI‐R scores) and responsibility, as measured by both RAS and RQ. A principal component analysis showed that RAS can be interpreted as a four‐factor scale, accounting for 63% of the variance overall. Regression analyses showed that responsibility can be considered a significant predictor of obsession and compulsion behaviour, as measured by PI‐R. Furthermore, showing a connection between specific factors of responsibility and certain kinds of obsessive‐compulsive behaviour, results seem to confirm the hypothesis that responsibility is more salient in checking than in cleaning symptoms. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diaries in clinical psychology and psychotherapy: a selective review
Authors: Thiele Claudia , Laireiter Anton‐Rupert , Baumann Urs 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe present paper gives a review of diary methods in clinical psychology and psychotherapy. After a brief discussion of the history and the development of the diary method a description of the methodology and technology of diaries in their scientific and practical uses is given. The main part of the paper presents an overview of instruments used in research and practice in clinical psychology concerning mood and affectivity, anxiety disorders, pain, psycho‐physiological states, eating disorders and alcoholism. Additionally, methodological advantages and problems of these tools are discussed. Finally strategies for the assurance and enhancement of the methodological quality of diary data are discussed. The paper comes to several conclusions: (1) although many instruments have been developed during recent years for research and practical aims, they are concerned with only a few of the many clinical phenomena; (2) although some diaries achieve favourable psychometric results, the reliability and validity of most of the instruments has not yet been explored in a satisfactory manner; (3) although most diaries would also be useful for practical reasons, many deal with research aims. Therefore, future work should focus on practical use as well as on psychometric testing. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The essential stakeholder dialogue
Authors: Downey Peter R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSheffield Hallam University for the last 15 years, I suspect in common with many organizations, has been on a journey. There has been a progression from a serious concern about the institution's impact upon the environment and a sincere wish to minimize that impact to today's position with the recognition that environmental concern alone is not enough. Now it is seen as only one facet of the overall role the university plays in society and, in particular, the immediate regional community. Indeed, the very jargon has changed. There has been a movement from talking about the environment and being ‘green’ to recognition of the full definition of what is meant and required by ‘sustainability’. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
‘Green alliances’ of business and NGOs. New styles of self‐regulation or ‘dead‐end roads’?
Authors: Arts Bas 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn recent years, so‐called green alliances between NGOs and business have become popular phenomena, both in practice as well as in academic literature. This is striking, as it concerns collaborative partnerships of agencies whose relationships were quite antagonistic in the past. The question then is how stable and effective these alliances can be, amongst others, in contributing to—or even substituting—environmental policy‐making and regulation. To answer this question, the history and (potential) effectiveness of green alliances are analysed from a political modernization and policy arrangement perspective. With that, this paper has a strong theoretical focus. The intention is not to analyse empirical cases thoroughly, but to theorize about the history, strengths and weaknesses of green alliances. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Globalization, corporate social responsibility and human rights
Authors: Welford Richard 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn extending this journal to include issues of corporate social responsibility, we have come to recognize and reflect the fact that in order to move towards sustainable development we must examine social, environmental and economic issues. In this journal we have in the past demonstrated how companies can benefit from the use of environmental management tools and strategies. Now we extend the debate to social issues. However, corporate social responsibility tends to be much more controversial than improving environmental performance. Social responsibility requires us to look at ethics, stakeholder accountability and our own value systems. There will often be contradictory positions taken on some social issues and stakeholders will not always agree with each other. One starting point that seems productive however is to see corporate social responsibility in the context of human rights. This article therefore lays out how we can use the process of globalization to improve human rights through business activity and commitment. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Stakeholder accountability or stakeholder management: a review of UK firms' social and ethical accounting, auditing and reporting (SEAAR) practices
Authors: Belal Ataur Rahman 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to undertake an evaluation of the initial wave of stand‐alone social reports issued by the major market players in the UK using AA1000 as an evaluative tool, or benchmark, in order to ascertain the extent to which they conform to the provisions of AA1000, in particular the core principles of accountability and inclusivity. Applying the lens of the stakeholder model the paper examines to what extent contemporary SEAAR practices in the UK are likely to promote stakeholder accountability, or whether they are simply exercises in stakeholder management. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Communication in corporate environmental reports
Authors: Cerin Pontus 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSince the beginning of the 1990s the number of companies producing environmental reports has increased considerably, a rise that now has reached a plateau. Some critics claim environmental reports are merely an exercise in public relations. This study describes the ascent of and the motives behind corporate environmental reporting and examines the extent to which the messages communicated in environmental reports correlate with the messages contained in corresponding annual reports and actual corporate behaviour. The indicated praxis of steering attention away from environmental problems—a by‐pass solution—can involve providing contradictory information to various stakeholders. This article looks into third‐party verification impacts on the credibility of environmental reports and calls for stricter reporting rules. The paper also discusses how eco‐efficiency and sustainability demands placed on the scope of environmental reporting could enhance the sustainability of this reporting phenomenon, by for example doing away with merely limiting reports to company‐judicial borders. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
The dominant economics paradigm and corporate social responsibility
Authors: Korhonen Jouni 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor many centuries, industrial societies in the Western modernity have been driven by a dominant social paradigm (DSP). It is argued in this paper that this paradigm has some serious difficulties in the light of the development of the field of corporate social responsibility and in the light of its practice. Therefore, a new paradigmatic foundation is required for corporate social responsibility. The dominant social paradigm is contrasted with metaphors and principles that are derived from sources that are outside the paradigmatic basis of Western modernity, and outside the paradigm of neoclassical economics. These new metaphors and principles may be suitable for further development of the corporate social responsibility paradigm as well as for reconsideration of the economics paradigm. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Heuristic and simulated annealing algorithms for solving extended cell assignment problem in wireless ATM networks
Authors: Din Der‐Rong , Tseng S. S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the extended cell assignment problem which optimally assigns new adding and splitting cells in Personal Communication Service (PCS) to switches in a wireless Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network. Given cells in a PCS network and switches on an ATM network (whose locations are fixed and known), we would like to do the assignment in an attempt to minimize a cost criterion. The cost has two components: one is the cost of handoffs that involve two switches, and the other is the cost of cabling. This problem is modeled as a complex integer programming problem, and finding an optimal solution to this problem is NP‐hard. A heuristic algorithm and a simulated annealing algorithm are proposed to solve this problem. The heuristic algorithm, Extended Assignment Algorithm (EEA), consists of two phases, initial assigning phase and cell exchanging phase. First, in the initial assigning phase, the initial assignments of cells to switches are found. Then, these assignments are improved by performing cell exchanging phase in which two cells are repeatedly exchanged in different switches with great reduction of the total cost. The simulated annealing algorithm, ESA (enhanced simulated annealing), generates constraint‐satisfied configurations, and uses three configuration perturbation schemes to change current configuration to a new one. Experimental results indicate that EAA and ESA algorithms have good performances. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EMAS and regulatory relief in Europe: lessons from national experience
Authors: Wätzold Frank , Bültmann Alexandra , Eames Malcolm , Lulofs Kris , Schucht Simone 
Published: January 2005

AbstractApart from in Germany and Austria, corporate participation in the European Eco‐Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) has remained sluggish and far behind involvement in ISO14001. Given the lack of response in most EU member states, the key issue for the current EMAS revision is to increase incentives for companies to join the scheme. One of the proposals in this respect is to encourage member states to consider a lighter regulatory touch for EMAS participants. The aim of this article is to assess the extent to which encouraging regulatory relief may contribute to an increase in the number of EMAS registered companies. For this purpose the regulatory relief already offered to EMAS registered (and ISO14001 certified) companies in France, Germany, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom is described and analysed. Based on this experience, the central conclusion of the article is that regulatory relief can increase participation in EMAS, but that to do so it must be granted exclusively to EMAS registered companies, and that ideally such relief should be substantial and integrated into a comprehensive voluntary policy approach aimed at altering the traditional relationship between government and industry. However, given that some countries treat EMAS registration and ISO14001 certification as equivalent, with respect to regulatory relief, even those deregulation measures that fulfil the above conditions may lead to an increase in ISO14001 certifications rather than EMAS registrations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Paradoxes of conservation and development in postsocialist Bulgaria: recent controversies
Authors: Staddon Caedmon , Cellarius Barbara 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBased on extensive primary research in the 1990s a number of contemporary Bulgarian environmental controversies are examined, which highlight some of the paradoxes of sustainable development in a postsocialist context. Water sector controversies such as the Djerman‐Skakavitsa diversion project forest and national park and other protected area management controversies in the Rila and Pirin National Parks and the Rhodope mountains are sketched. Extension and creation of new protected areas presents both challenges and opportunities to local residents and conservation agencies alike but creative solutions are at least being considered within a framework of sustainable regional development. It is found that dependence on natural resource hinterlands for commodity and non‐commodity uses provides for new, complex and contested regulation between stakeholders and the postsocialist state at a variety of scales from the local to the global, with nested though mutable, scale‐dependent relations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment.
Ketonization of Carboxylic Acids by Decarboxylation: Mechanism and Scope
Authors: Renz Michael 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn the ketonic decarboxylation process, a ketone is formed from two moles of carboxylic acid; water and carbon dioxide are produced as side‐products. At present, the mechanism of this reaction remains under debate; it has been proposed as a radical mechanism, a mechanism involving a ‐keto acid as intermediate, or a concerted mechanism. This paper demonstrates that the latter mechanism is the most likely one and that weak bases may play the role of promoters. Different processes are reviewed for the syntheses of the following ketones: symmetrical ketones, such as acetone or 3‐pentanone, cyclic ketones, such as cyclopentanone (parent compound and substituted derivatives), fatty ketones, and some unsymmetrical ketones. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Density estimation in line transect sampling with grouped data by local least squares
Authors: Barabesi Lucio , Greco Luigi , Naddeo Stefania 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA semiparametric estimator for animal density in distance sampling is proposed when grouped data are on hand. The estimation technique is based on a kernel‐smoothed local least‐square criterion function, suitably developed for this setting. The new method presents interesting theoretical properties and it produces accurate and robust estimators, as is shown in a Monte Carlo study. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time‐delay effect and compensation on direct output feedback controlled mass damper systems
Authors: Chu S. Y. , Soong T. T. , Lin C. C. , Chen Y. Z. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn active control, the control force execution time delay cannot be avoided or eliminated even with present technology, which can be critical to the performance of the control system. This paper investigates the influence of time delay on the stability of an SDOF system with an optimal direct output feedback controlled mass damper. An active mass damper system can take the form of a hybrid mass damper (HMD) or a fully active mass damper (AMD) depending upon imposed design constraints resulting from space, strength and power limitations. Explicit formulas and numerical solutions to determine the maximum delay time which causes onset of system instability are obtained. The control effect of the two‐DOF HMD/AMD benchmark system with and without time delay is illustrated quantitatively in a continuous‐time approach. In order to fit the digital implementation of the computer‐controlled system in practice, the control gains will be compensated by using their discrete‐time version to overcome the degradation of control effect due to time delay. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cyclic analysis and capacity prediction of concrete‐filled steel box columns
Authors: Susantha K. A. S. , Ge Hanbin , Usami Tsutomu 
Published: January 2005

AbstractConcrete‐filled steel columns have been widely used in civil and architectural constructions throughout the world in recent years. This study is concerned with the cyclic elastoplastic analysis and capacity prediction of concrete‐filled steel columns having thick‐ and thin‐walled stiffened box‐shaped sections. An analytical procedure for determining the ultimate state of the concrete‐filled steel column is proposed based on the fiber analysis technique. Strength and ductility predictions are made by means of a new failure criterion. This is proposed based on the average failure strain of concrete and steel at critical regions. A recently developed monotonic stress–strain relation for confined concrete is modified so that it can be used in the analysis of thin‐ or thick‐walled section columns with stiffeners. A simple cyclic rule is introduced into this model in order to be used in cyclic analysis. Material non‐linearity of steel is represented by the modified two surface model developed at Nagoya University. The predictions are then compared with the existing experimental results and found to exhibit satisfactory agreement. Both small‐ and large‐scaled columns are considered in the comparisons. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.