bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Just attaching a face”: Engaging local refugee communities in preservice teacher education focused on students with immigrant/refugee backgrounds
Authors: Wessels Stephanie , Catalano Theresa , Reeves Jenelle , Leonard Alison E. , Ganesan Uma , Barbici‐Wagner Alessia , Gallardo Consuelo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis arts‐practice research study explores what happens when preservice high school teachers (aka teacher‐learners) and local refugee communities engage in the co‐creation of art together via an arts‐and community‐based project. Grounded in social justice teacher education, the researchers conducted a 2‐week workshop in which participants included preservice high school teachers and local Yazidi community members who explored art in a museum together, spent time getting to know each other and their backgrounds, and re‐created some of their stories in the form of dance. Findings reveal a variety of ways in which the workshops helped teacher‐learners develop interculturality, increase understanding of migration, become more caring educators, and make personal connections that allowed them to disrupt stereotypes. In addition, the study includes the voices of Yazidi community members and what they want teachers to know about working with refugee children.
Childhood and adulthood passive and active smoking, and the ABO group as risk factors for pancreatic cancer in women
Authors: Vedie Anne‐Laure , Laouali Nasser , Gelot Amandine , Severi Gianluca , Boutron‐Ruault Marie‐Christine , Rebours Vinciane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesActive smoking and the A blood group are associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC) risk. However, potential interactions between those risk factors and the role of passive smoking have been little investigated. We aimed to explore specific and joint associations of passive and active smoking, and effect modification by the ABO blood group in French women.MethodsThe study included 96,594 women from the E3N prospective cohort, mean age: 49 years (SD 6.7). Information on active and passive smoking was reported at inclusion and throughout follow‐up. Cases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases 10. Associations with passive and active smoking and effect modification by the ABO blood group were investigated with multivariable Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsDuring a 24‐year median follow‐up, 346 incident PC cases were identified. Current smoking compared with never and former smoking (HR 1.51 [95% CI 1.08–2.10]), and passive smoking in childhood compared with no childhood exposure (HR 1.47 [95% CI 1.08–2.00]) were associated with increased PC risk, but not passive exposure in adulthood (HR 1.16 [95% CI 0.91–1.47]). Exposure to both passive smoking in childhood and current smoking was associated with a stronger risk (HR 2.80 [95% CI 1.42–5.52]) than exposure to both current smoking and passive smoking only in adulthood (HR 1.68 [95% CI 1.10–2.57]) compared with neither passive nor active smoking. Associations between active smoking and PC risk were strongest in the O or B groups, while associations with passive smoking were strongest in the A or AB blood groups, but the interaction terms were not statistically significant.ConclusionsBoth current smoking and passive smoking in childhood were associated with PC risk, with a maximal risk of current smokers exposed to passive smoking during childhood. Possible interactions between blood groups and active or passive smoking must be investigated in a larger series.
Catchment concentration–discharge relationships across temporal scales: A review
Authors: Speir Shannon L. , Rose Lucy A. , Blaszczak Joanna R. , Kincaid Dustin W. , Fazekas Hannah M. , Webster Alex J. , Wolford Michelle A. , Shogren Arial J. , Wymore Adam S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProcesses that drive variability in catchment solute sourcing, transformation, and transport can be investigated using concentration–discharge (C–Q) relationships. These relationships reflect catchment and in‐stream processes operating across nested temporal scales, incorporating both short and long‐term patterns. Scientists can therefore leverage catchment‐scale C–Q datasets to identify and distinguish among the underlying meteorological, biological, and geological processes that drive solute export patterns from catchments and influence the shape of their respective C–Q relationships. We have synthesized current knowledge regarding the influence of biological, geological, and meteorological processes on C–Q patterns for various solute types across diel to decadal time scales. We identify cross‐scale linkages and tools researchers can use to explore these interactions across time scales. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps in our understanding of C–Q temporal dynamics as reflections of catchment and in‐stream processes. We also lay the foundation for developing an integrated approach to investigate cross‐scale linkages in the temporal dynamics of C–Q relationships, reflecting catchment biogeochemical processes and the effects of environmental change on water quality.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Water Quality
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Biodegradation of Imazethapyr by Bacterial Strain IM9601 Isolated from Agricultural Soil
Authors: Xu Zehua , Li Baiyun , Jia Yonghua , Guo Xinnian , Lv Fanyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe widespread utilization of the herbicide imazethapyr presents significant challenges to crop rotation and results in detrimental soil degradation issues. Bacterial biodegradation has emerged as a promising and eco-friendly approach for mitigating pesticide residues contamination in the environment. In this study, a novel bacterium, identified as Brevibacterium sp. IM9601, was isolated and characterized based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence. This strain exhibited the ability to utilize imazethapyr as its sole carbon source for growth. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the degradation conditions. The most favorable conditions were determined to be a temperature of 27 °C, pH of 6.0, and an initial inoculum with a final OD600 of 0.15. Under these optimized condition, bacterial strain IM9601 exhibited substantial imazethapyr degradation, with removal rates of 90.08 and 87.05% for initial imazethapyr concentrations of 50 and 100 mg L−1, respectively, achieved within a 5-day incubation period. This investigation highlights imazethapyr-degrading capabilities of the Brevibacterium genus bacterial strain IM9601, marking it as a potentially novel and effective solution for addressing the environmental pollution resulting from the usage of imazethapyr. The study contributes to the growing body of research on bioremediation approaches, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly method for mitigating the adverse impacts of herbicide contamination in agricultural settings.
Hereditäres Angioödem durch C1-Inhibitor-Mangel, eine nationale Versorgungsleitlinie
Authors: Aberer Werner , Altrichter Sabine , Cerpes Urban , Hawranek Thomas , Schöffl Clemens , Kinaciyan Tamar 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDas hereditäre Angioödem (HAE) ist eine seltene, schmerzhafte, behindernde und potenziell tödliche Erkrankung, bei der eine frühzeitige Diagnose und wirksame Therapie von entscheidender Bedeutung sind. Die vorliegende österreichische Leitlinie zur Diagnose und Behandlung von HAE bietet Anleitungen und Informationen zum State-of-the-Art-Management von HAE speziell in Österreich, und dies im Gegensatz zu globalen Richtlinien, in denen die spezifische Situation aller Länder weltweit berücksichtigt werden muss. Unser Ziel ist es, österreichischen Ärzten dabei zu helfen, HAE als Differenzialdiagnose bei entsprechenden Symptomen zu erkennen und zu berücksichtigen, rationale Entscheidungen für die Diagnose und Behandlung von HAE mit C1-Inhibitor-Mangel (Typ 1 oder Typ 2) zu treffen, indem wir hier über häufige und wichtige klinische Symptome, Diagnosemethoden, Behandlungsmodalitäten wie verfügbare HAE-spezifische Medikamente in Österreich informieren, und nicht zuletzt, um sie zu motivieren, ihre Patient:innen zur Bestätigung der Diagnose und zur adäquaten Behandlungsentscheidung in HAE-Zentren vorzustellen.
Eeny, meeny, miny, moe—Summer time and out are you? The working population in the EU would likely benefit from elimination of daylight saving time
Authors: Schernhammer Eva S. , Strohmaier Susanne , Vonderlind Philip 
Published: December 2023

SummaryDaylight (saving) time (DST) is an over one century old practice to maximize the overlap between natural day light and individual active time (i.e., non-sleep time). Whether to abandon the practice is subject to an ongoing, twice a year intensifying debate. A request to abandon the practice is based on the lack of benefits in terms of energy savings and potential negative health effects. We present a tool that captures one key aspect of importance to the circadian system: maximizing the overlap of natural day light with human active time, focusing on early morning light exposure as the primary stimulus for our circadian system. Based on publicly available data we incorporated an approximation of the 27 European Union (EU) countries’ spatial population distribution into a calculation of average exposure to morning sunlight under DST or no DST conditions for each EU27 country and the entire region. An online app offers visualization of these differences on the country level alongside a population-weighted average for the EU27. Our findings support that the majority of the EU’s working population would likely benefit from the elimination of daylight saving time if maximizing an adequate morning stimulus is the primary goal and adjusting actual time zones or biennially changing the clock is not an option.
Addressing the economic and demographic complexity via a neural network approach: risk measures for reverse mortgages
Authors: Di Lorenzo E. , Piscopo G. , Sibillo M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe study deals with the application of a neural network algorithm for fronting and solving problems connected with the riskiness in financial contexts. We consider a specific contract whose characteristics make it a paradigm of a complex financial transaction, that is the Reverse Mortgage. Reverse Mortgages allow elderly homeowners to get a credit line that will be repaid through the selling of their homes after their deaths, letting them continue to live there. In accordance with regulatory guidelines that direct prudent assessments of future losses to ensure solvency, within the perspective of the risk assessment of Reverse Mortgage portfolios, the paper deals with the estimation of the Conditional Value at Risk. Since the riskiness is affected by nonlinear relationships between risk factors, the Conditional Value at Risk is estimated using Neural Networks, as they are a suitable method for fitting nonlinear functions. The Conditional Value at Risk estimated by means of Neural Network approach is compared with the traditional Value at Risk in a numerical application.
Piecewise orthogonal collocation for computing periodic solutions of renewal equations
Authors: Andò Alessia , Breda Dimitri 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe extend the use of piecewise orthogonal collocation to computing periodic solutions of renewal equations, which are particularly important in modeling population dynamics. We prove convergence through a rigorous error analysis. Finally, we show some numerical experiments confirming the theoretical results and a couple of applications in view of bifurcation analysis.
The effects of procedural and conceptual knowledge on visual learning
Authors: Beeler Nadja , Ziegler Esther , Volz Andreas , Navarini Alexander A. , Kapur Manu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEven though past research suggests that visual learning may benefit from conceptual knowledge, current interventions for medical image evaluation often focus on procedural knowledge, mainly by teaching classification algorithms. We compared the efficacy of pure procedural knowledge (three-point checklist for evaluating skin lesions) versus combined procedural plus conceptual knowledge (histological explanations for each of the three points). All students then trained their classification skills with a visual learning resource that included images of two types of pigmented skin lesions: benign nevi and malignant melanomas. Both treatments produced significant and long-lasting effects on diagnostic accuracy in transfer tasks. However, only students in the combined procedural plus conceptual knowledge condition significantly improved their diagnostic performance in classifying lesions they had seen before in the pre- and post-tests. Findings suggest that the provision of additional conceptual knowledge supported error correction mechanisms.
The Relationship between Age at Initiation of Regular Drinking of Alcohol and Viral Suppression Status, and Depression Symptoms Among People Living with HIV in South-Western Uganda
Authors: Odokonyero Raymond Felix , Fatch Robin , Emenyonu Nneka I. , Cheng Debbie M. , Ngabirano Christine , Adong Julian , Muyindike Winnie R. , Nakasujja Noeline , Camlin Carol S. , Kamya Moses , Hahn Judith A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlcohol use is an important factor in achieving and maintaining viral suppression and optimal mental health among persons with HIV (PWH), however, the effect of age at first regular drinking on viral suppression and depression remains poorly understood. Here, using secondary data from the Alcohol Drinkers’ Exposure to Preventive Therapy for Tuberculosis (ADEPT-T) study, we used logistic regression analyses to explore whether there is an association between age at first regular drinking and viral suppression (< 40 copies/ml), or presence of depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression, CES-D ≥ 16) among 262 PWH. The median age at first regular drinking was 20.5 years (IQR: 10), with high proportions starting under age 12 (12.2%) and as teens (13.4%). The majority had an undetectable viral load (91.7%) and 11% had symptoms of probable depression. We found no significant association between age at first regular drinking and viral suppression (i.e., child (aOR = 0.76 95%CI: 0.18, 3.26), adolescent (aOR = 0.74 95%CI: 0.18, 2.97) and young adult (aOR = 1.27 95%CI: 0.40, 3.97)) nor with depressive symptoms (i.e., child (aOR = 0.72 95%CI: 0.19, 2.83), adolescent (aOR = 0.59 95%CI: 0.14, 2.50) and young adult (aOR = 0.57 95%CI: 0.22, 1.53)). Age at first regular drinking among PWH did not appear to be associated with either viral suppression or the presence of depressive symptoms, suggesting interventions may best be focused on the harmful effects of current alcohol use.
Culturally Relevant Africultural Coping Moderates the Association Between Discrimination and Antiretroviral Adherence Among Sexual Minority Black Americans Living with HIV
Authors: Wagner Glenn J. , Bogart Laura M. , Klein David J. , Lawrence Sean J. , Goggin Kathy , Gizaw Mahlet , Mutchler Matt G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExposure to discrimination has been linked to lower HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and poor HIV care outcomes among Black Americans. Coping has been shown to mitigate the harmful effects of discrimination on health behaviors, but the use of cultural relevant Africultural coping strategies is understudied as a moderator of the association between intersectional discrimination and ART adherence among Black Americans. We used adjusted logistic regression to test whether Africultural coping strategies (cognitive/emotional debriefing; collective; spiritual-centered; ritual-centered) moderated associations between multiple forms of discrimination (HIV, sexual orientation, race) and good ART adherence (minimum of 75% or 85% of prescribed doses taken, as measured by electronic monitoring in separate analyses) among 92 sexual minority Black Americans living with HIV. Mean adherence was 66.5% in month 8 after baseline (36%≥85% adherence; 49%≥75% adherence). Ritual-centered coping moderated the relationship between each of the three types of discrimination at baseline and good ART adherence in month 8 (regardless of the minimum threshold for good adherence); when use of ritual coping was low, the association between discrimination and adherence was statistically significant. The other three coping scales each moderated the association between racial discrimination and good ART adherence (defined by the 75% threshold); cognitive/emotional debriefing was also a moderator for both HIV- and race-related discrimination at the 85% adherence threshold. These findings support the benefits of Africultural coping, particularly ritual-centered coping, to help sexual minority Black Americans manage stressors associated with discrimination and to adhere well to ART.
Matchings under distance constraints II.
Authors: Madarasi Péter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces the d-distanceb-matching problem, in which we are given a bipartite graph $$G=(S,T;E)$$

G
=
(
S
,
T
;
E
)

with $$S=\{s_1,\dots ,s_n\}$$

S
=
{

s
1

,
⋯
,

s
n

}

, a weight function on the edges, an integer $$d\in \mathbb {Z}_+$$

d
∈

Z
+

and a degree bound function $$b:S\cup T\rightarrow \mathbb {Z}_+$$

b
:
S
∪
T
→

Z
+

. The goal is to find a maximum-weight subset $$M\subseteq E$$

M
⊆
E

of the edges satisfying the following two conditions: (1) the degree of each node $$v\in S\cup T$$

v
∈
S
∪
T

is at most b(v) in M, (2) if $$s_it,s_jt\in M$$

s
i

t
,

s
j

t
∈
M

, then $$|i-j|\ge d$$

|
i
-
j
|
≥
d

. In the cyclic version of the problem, the nodes in S are considered to be in cyclic order. We get back the (cyclic)d-distance matching problem when $$b(s) = 1$$

b
(
s
)
=
1

for $$s\in S$$

s
∈
S

and $$b(t) = \infty $$

b
(
t
)
=
∞

for $$t\in T$$

t
∈
T

. We prove that the d-distance matching problem is APX-hard, even in the unweighted case. We show that $$2-\frac{1}{d}$$

2
-

1
d

is a tight upper bound on the integrality gap of the natural integer programming model for the cyclic d-distance b-matching problem provided that $$(2d-1)$$

(
2
d
-
1
)

divides the size of S. For the non-cyclic case, the integrality gap is shown to be at most $$(2-\frac{2}{d})$$

(
2
-

2
d

)

. The proofs give approximation algorithms with guarantees matching these bounds, and also improve the best known algorithms for the (cyclic) d-distance matching problem. In a related problem, our goal is to find a permutation of S maximizing the weight of the optimal d-distance b-matching. This problem can be solved in polynomial time for the (cyclic) d-distance matching problem — even though the (cyclic) d-distance matching problem itself is NP-hard and also hard to approximate arbitrarily. For (cyclic) d-distance b-matchings, however, we prove that finding the best permutation is NP-hard, even if $$b\equiv 2$$

b
≡
2

or $$d=2$$

d
=
2

, and we give e-approximation algorithms.
A biobased superabsorbent formulation for above-ground application of a new entomophthoralean fungus for biological psyllid pest control
Authors: Muskat Linda C. , Kais Britta , Gross Jürgen , Eilenberg Jørgen , Patel Anant V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEntomophthoralean fungi have long been recognized as promising candidates for biological insect pest control. However, due to technical challenges, no preparation based on these fungi has been established for practical use so far. Low water availability is a key limiting factor of conidial discharge and germination. In the present study, sporulation of psyllid-pathogenic entomophthoralean fungus Pandora cacopsyllae Eilenberg, Keller and Humber (Entomophthorales Entomophthoraceae) was not observable under reduced water activity (aW ≤ 0.97). To support sporulation of encapsulated P. cacopsyllae hyphae from submerged culture under low humidity conditions in above-ground applications in field, we developed a novel paste-type formulation containing biobased superabsorbents, which retained water for a prolonged time period. In co-application with the superabsorbent formulation, the otherwise fast-drying capsules were kept sufficiently moist for sporulation for at least six days in laboratory trials at low humidity below 40%. Using the new formulation, we measured conidial discharge by P. cacopsyllae from the capsules under dry semi-field conditions in summertime by trapping conidia at a vertical distance of up to 40 cm from the sporulation source. By considering the cardinal directions, fewer conidia were discharged on the sun-facing side in the east than on the sun-averted side in the west. The developed formulation improved the sporulation efficacy significantly. Since water availability is a limiting factor for many fungal biocontrol agents, the developed formulation has the potential to also improve their efficacy.
Production of d-glucaric acid with phosphoglucose isomerase-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Toivari Mervi , Vehkomäki Maija-Leena , Ruohonen Laura , Penttilä Merja , Wiebe Marilyn G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstractd-Glucaric acid is a potential biobased platform chemical. Previously mainly Escherichia coli, but also the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Pichia pastoris, have been engineered for conversion of d-glucose to d-glucaric acid via myo-inositol. One reason for low yields from the yeast strains is the strong flux towards glycolysis. Thus, to decrease the flux of d-glucose to biomass, and to increase d-glucaric acid yield, the four step d-glucaric acid pathway was introduced into a phosphoglucose isomerase deficient (Pgi1p-deficient) Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. High d-glucose concentrations are toxic to the Pgi1p-deficient strains, so various feeding strategies and use of polymeric substrates were studied. Uniformly labelled 13C-glucose confirmed conversion of d-glucose to d-glucaric acid. In batch bioreactor cultures with pulsed d-fructose and ethanol provision 1.3 g d-glucaric acid L−1 was produced. The d-glucaric acid titer (0.71 g d-glucaric acid L−1) was lower in nitrogen limited conditions, but the yield, 0.23 g d-glucaric acid [g d-glucose consumed]−1, was among the highest that has so far been reported from yeast. Accumulation of myo-inositol indicated that myo-inositol oxygenase activity was limiting, and that there would be potential to even higher yield. The Pgi1p-deficiency in S. cerevisiae provides an approach that in combination with other reported modifications and bioprocess strategies would promote the development of high yield d-glucaric acid yeast strains.