bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infection epidemiology in relation to different therapy phases in patients with haematological malignancies receiving CAR T‐cell therapy
Authors: Garcia‐Pouton Nicol , Ortiz‐Maldonado Valentín , Peyrony Oliver , Chumbita Mariana , Aiello Tommaso Francesco , Monzo‐Gallo Patricia , Lopera Carlos , Puerta‐Alcalde Pedro , Magnano Laura , Martinez‐Cibrian Nuria , Pitart Cristina , Juan Manel , Delgado Julio , Fernandez De Larrea Carlos , Soriano Álex , Urbano‐Ispizua Álvaro , Garcia‐Vidal Carolina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe described the real‐life epidemiology and causes of infections on the different therapy phases in patients undergoing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cells directed towards CD19+ or BCMA+ cells.MethodsAll consecutive patients receiving CAR T‐cell therapy at our institution were prospectively followed‐up. We performed various comparative analyses of all patients and subgroups with and without infections.ResultsNinety‐one adults mainly received CAR T‐cell therapy for acute leukaemia (53%) and lymphoma (33%). We documented a total of 77 infections in 47 (52%) patients, 37 (48%) during the initial neutropenic phase and 40 (52%) during the non‐neutropenic phase. Infections during the neutropenic phase were mainly due to bacterial (29, 78%): catheter infections (11 [38%] cases), endogenous source (5 [17%]), and Clostridioides difficile (5 [17%]). Patients receiving corticosteroids after CAR T‐cell therapy had a higher risk of endogenous infection (100% vs. 16%; p = .006). During the non‐neutropenic phase, bacterial infections remained very frequent (24, 60%), mainly with catheter source (8, 33%). Respiratory tract infections were common (17, 43%).ConclusionsInfections after CAR T‐cell therapy were frequent. During the neutropenic phase, it is essential to prevent nosocomial infections and balance the use of antibiotics to lower endogenous bacteraemia and Clostridial infection rates.
Changes in midge assemblages reflect climate and trophic gradients across north temperate and boreal lakes since the pre‐industrial period
Authors: Griffiths Katherine , Jeziorski Adam , Antoniades Dermot , Smol John P. , Gregory‐Eaves Irene 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

North temperate and boreal lakes are affected by a complex suite of anthropogenic stressors, yet little is known about how these ecosystems are faring across the most lake‐rich nation, Canada. The NSERC Canadian Lake Pulse Network is the first large‐scale national survey of its kind, with the aim of assessing the health of Canadian lakes, determined by the deviation of key variables from baseline pre‐industrial conditions (pre‐1880 CE).

We examined midge remains (chironomids and Chaoborus) from modern and pre‐industrial sediment intervals in 67 lakes, spanning a range of sizes, ecozones, and degrees of catchment land‐use change. A marked northwest/southeast divide was evident in the modern chironomid assemblages, which was partially associated with water quality, physiographical and climatic variables, with a small portion of the variance explained by geography alone.

Between the pre‐industrial and modern sediment intervals, taxa typically found in warmer waters increased across the country (p < 0.001); this pattern also was evident in the littoral assemblages (p = 0.01), providing additional support for the influence of warming.

Turnover in chironomid assemblages varied across trophic classes. Mesotrophic lakes showed increases in macrophyte‐associated taxa, whereas eutrophic lakes showed declines in littoral taxa, perhaps reflecting increased turbidity, and the increase of low‐oxygen‐tolerant profundal taxa in eutrophic lakes with high human impacts.

Overall, the distribution and dynamics of chironomid assemblages across Canadian lakes appear to be strongly linked to changes in climate and deep‐water oxygen conditions.
Assessment of remotely sensed inventories for land cover classification of public grasslands in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Encabo Jan Bryan M. , Cordeiro Marcos R. C. , Badreldin Nasem , McGeough Emma J. , Walker David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLand cover classification is one of the most common applications of remote sensing and is used for developing and modifying land management policies on agricultural landscapes to achieve conservation and economic goals, such as reducing grassland degradation and improving livestock and crop production. In this study, the grassland classification of the crown lands (public grasslands in Canada) from a newly developed remotely sensed dataset in the Prairie Province of Manitoba (i.e., the Manitoba Grassland Inventory, MGI) was assessed in terms of accuracy by comparison to non‐spatial government records. The analysis consisted of (i) converting non‐spatial records from the provincial crown land database to spatially‐defined parcels by performing parcel delineations using geographic information system (GIS) and R programming tools, (ii) summarising the MGI classification at the same spatial scale, and (iii) comparing the agreement between MGI and the crown land database. The most common land cover types identified were: forest (30%) and shrubland (25%), followed by native (10%) and tame (9%) grasslands. However, the class agreements between woody (i.e., forests and shrublands) and grassy (i.e., native and tame grasslands) vegetation classes were low between these datasets because of their spectral similarities. Based on these results, we suggest additional refinements on both sensor and ground data to improve the classification agreement between these datasets. This study is one of the first attempts to compare ground‐collected government records against a remotely sensed product in Manitoba.
Information technology and changing role models in German libraries: The example of OPEN‐CAM
Authors: Raak Christa K. , Unger Sebastian , Martin David D. , Ostermann Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGermany has a long tradition of health libraries. From their origin in monasteries, they became centres of knowledge and education. In modern times, this tradition has been continued by the Central Library of Medicine. In addition, as a specialty in Germany, special collection areas and special libraries that focus on one topic were established. Those services were transformed to specialized information services and portals as part of the digital transformation process. One of such projects is OPEN‐CAM, which provides literature on integrative medicine in a specialist library and hosts the literature database CAMbase. Based on this example, we show how digital transformation has influenced the library landscape and its structures in Germany.
Variations in CD4 counts during pregnancy in women living with HIV
Authors: Boucoiran Isabelle , Côté Hélène C. F. , Jodoin Caroline , Elwood Chelsea , Kakkar Fatima , Valois Silvie , Money Deborah M. , Soudeyns Hugo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveOur objective was to determine the frequency at which CD4 counts drop below 200 cells/mm3 during pregnancy in women living with HIV and to identify factors associated with this.MethodsData from 2005 to 2020 from two prospective Canadian cohorts of pregnant women living with HIV were extracted. As per national guidelines, women received antiretroviral therapy and CD4 counts were monitored once per trimester and at delivery.ResultsAmong 775 included cases, 72 (9.3%) had CD4 counts <200 cells/mm3 at the first pregnancy visit. Of the 703 remaining pregnancies with CD4 counts ≥200 cells/mm3 at the initial visit, 20 (2.8%) were associated with a drop to <200 cells/mm3. In univariate analysis, factors associated with this drop were coinfection with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus (odds ratio [OR] 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52–10.50), lower first visit CD4 counts (OR 0.165, 95% CI 0.08–0.34), and baseline haemoglobin levels <11 g/dL (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.04–8.00). In multivariable analysis, only CD4 count at first visit remained independently associated with this drop. A cut‐off CD4 count ≤450 cells/mm3 at the first pregnancy visit had a sensitivity of 100% to detect cases of CD4 drop to <200 cells/mm3.ConclusionA drop of CD4 count to <200 cells/mm3 is uncommon during pregnancy in women living with HIV. Our results suggest that CD4 monitoring only once in pregnancy would be safe in women whose CD4 count is >450 cells/mm3 at the first pregnancy visit.
Preparation and efficacy verification of three‐dimensional printed partitioned multi‐effect precision‐care gel facial mask
Authors: Chen Junli , Liufu Chunqiao , Zhang Wenfang , Luo Chunhong , Fu Kaixia , Lin Jianchang , Liang Jiawei , Yang Wei , Song Fenglan , Yang Fan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveA partition multi‐effect precision‐care gel facial mask conforming to facial skin characteristics was prepared using three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology.MethodsFirst, the hydrogel matrix and humectant of a 3D‐printed gel for facial masks were screened, and three 3D‐printed gels of arbutin, hexapeptide, and salicylic acid were prepared with whitening, wrinkle removal, and oil control functions, respectively. Skin irritation tests were performed on the gels. Physicochemical properties such as pH, heat and cold tolerance were evaluated. The efficacy of three 3D‐printed gels was assessed by measuring melanin value, wrinkle depression score, and oil secretion. Finally, the facial mask model design and printing parameters were studied, and a partition multi‐effect precision‐care gel facial mask was printed in line with facial skin characteristics.ResultsFor the 3D‐printed facial mask, the gel prescription with 2% hydroxyethyl cellulose gel as matrix and 7% glycerol as humectant was the best. The prepared 3D‐printed gel did not irritate the human skin, and its physicochemical properties met the Chinese facial mask industry standard (QB/T2872‐2017). We showed that three types of 3D‐printed gels containing arbutin, hexapeptide, and salicylic acid could be applied to the corresponding parts of the face to solve different problems, such as facial skin dullness, wrinkles, and oil secretion. Therefore, according to facial physiological characteristics, the facial mask model was designed for the forehead and nasolabial fold, which needs to be anti‐wrinkled; the cheek, which needs to be whitened; and the nose and chin, which need oil control. The optimal printing parameters were 0.26 mm nozzle diameter, 90 mm/s printing speed, 30% filling density, 140% wire extrusion ratio, and 0.25 mm layer height. Different skin care effects can be achieved using a three‐nozzle printer to print arbutin, hexapeptide, or salicylic acid gel on the mask's forehead and nasolabial fold, cheek, and nose and chin, respectively.ConclusionThe 3D‐printed partition multi‐effect care gel facial mask prepared according to the skin features of different parts of the face can overcome the problem of the single skincare effect of the mass‐produced facial masks.
Effects of Horrific Fear Appeals on Public Attitudes Towards AIDS
Authors: Bennett Roger 
Published: October 2023

Participants in an attitude change experiment completed questionnaires concerning AIDS. Certain groups were then exposed to a fear‐neutral depiction of the AIDS problem, others to a frightening representation, and the remainder to a horrifically fearsome image. Subjects again filled in the questionnaire one week and eight weeks later. Attitude changes were recorded with respect to respondents' personality type (determined via two well‐known personality assessment instruments) and other characteristics. Individuals with future hedonistic and/or low self‐esteem traits exhibited relatively strong responses to horrific fear‐inducing message. Prior knowledge of the AIDS issue also seemed to influence reactions. Response functions were generally monotonic increasing as the fear/horror level intensified. Reactions to ‘fear‐fact’ communications were especially powerful. No psychological ‘sleeper effects’ or differences in attitude change between introverts and extroverts could be discerned. This article includes illustrations of some of the material used in the research. Some readers may find them disturbing.
Junctional Proteins of Keratinocytes in Grover's Disease, Hailey‐Hailey's Disease and Darier's Disease
Authors: Hashimoto Ken , Fujiwara Keiko , Harada Masashi , Setoyama Mitsuru , Eto Hikaru 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlterations of junctional structures in non‐immune mediated acantholytic diseases (Grover's, Hailey‐Hailey's and Darier's diseases) were examined using monoclonal antibodies against desmosomal attachment constituents (desmoplakin I & II and plakoglobin), desmosomal intercellular cement glycoprotein (desmoglein), protein of adherens junction (vinculin), and protein of gap junction (43Kd connexin). Universal cell surface (transmembrane) glycoprotein CD44 was also studied. In acantholytic foci of these diseases, attachment plaque proteins had dissolved and diffused into the acantholytic cells. The normal dotted linear pattern of immunostaining on the cell membrane was totally lost. In contrast, CD44 was well preserved on the cell membranes of acantholytic cells. Adherens junction and gap junction proteins were mostly preserved. Acantholytic cells of pemphigus vulgaris were similarly studied. In these cells, desmosomal attachment plaque proteins were very well preserved, while intercellular cement substance (desmoglein), adherens junctional proteins (vinculin), and gap junction protein (connexin) were totally absent, either on the cell membrane or in the cytoplasm. Electron microscopy confirmed an early dissolution of attachment plaque. Internalized desmosomal structures were seldom found in acantholytic cells of non‐immune diseases. It was concluded that the primary event in acantholysis in these three diseases is the dissolution of desmosomal attachment plaque.
Mandatory monthly outpatient visits could improve therapeutic inertia in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tsai Ying‐Ying , Kuo Ting‐Yu , Lin Meng‐Hung , Shen Feng‐Chih , Lin Yung‐Hsiang 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionDelayed intensification of treatment, or therapeutic inertia, increases the risk of diabetic complications and death. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mandatory monthly outpatient visits on therapeutic inertia in patients with suboptimal control of type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used data from the Chang Gung Research Database and defined two study periods: the baseline period and the intervention period. The intervention period began when the Kaohsiung branch initiated a mandatory monthly outpatient visits program. Type 2 diabetes patients with baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >7% and a follow‐up HbA1c measurement were enrolled in each period, and divided into a Kaohsiung branch (intervention) group and the other branches (control) group. Therapy intensification was evaluated by comparing prescriptions after the follow‐up HbA1c measurement with the prescriptions after the baseline HbA1c measurement.ResultsA total of 5,045 patients at the Kaohsiung branch and 13,400 participants at other branches were enrolled in the baseline period; and 5,573 and 15,603 patients, respectively, were enrolled in the intervention period. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for therapy intensification in patients with baseline HbA1c ≥9% was not significantly higher at 1.21 (95% CI, 1.00–1.47) in the intervention period at the Kaohsiung branch, but was significantly higher (AOR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.02–2.30) in the subgroup with worsened HbA1c.ConclusionsMandatory monthly outpatient visits could improve therapeutic inertia in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, especially in those with worsened control. The trajectory of HbA1c could significantly influence the assessment of the prevalence of therapeutic inertia.
Firm reaction to geopolitical crises: Evidence from the Russia‐Ukraine conflict
Authors: ALAM MD ASIF UL , Devos Erik , Feng Zifeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates corporate announcements related to the Russia‐Ukraine conflict of S&P 500 firms. We observe that firms withdrawing from Russia or suspending operations possess higher cash levels. Additionally, firms with more cash seem to announce withdrawals or suspensions more promptly. These findings suggest that cash levels are pivotal in how firms respond to geopolitical events. While cash does not seem influential when firms announce donations due to the conflict, it does affect the speed of such announcements. Social media also appears to play a significant role. Examining investor reactions to donation or withdrawal/suspension announcements, we report negative returns surrounding these announcements. Our paper underscores the critical role of cash reserves (i.e., financial flexibility) in shaping firm reactions to geopolitical events.
Precision endoscopy in the era of climate change and sustainability
Authors: Ueda Tomoya , Li James Weiquan , Ho Shiaw‐Hooi , Singh Rajvinder , Uedo Noriya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobal warming caused by increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has a direct impact on human health. Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy contributes significantly to GHG emissions due to energy consumption, reprocessing of endoscopes and accessories, production of equipment, safe disposal of biohazardous waste, and travel by patients. Moreover, GHGs are also generated in histopathology through tissue processing and the production of biopsy specimen bottles. The reduction in unnecessary surveillance endoscopies and biopsies is a practical approach to decrease GHG emissions without affecting disease outcomes. This narrative review explores the role of precision medicine in GI endoscopy, such as image‐enhanced endoscopy and artificial intelligence, with a focus on decreasing unnecessary endoscopic procedures and biopsies in the surveillance and diagnosis of premalignant lesions in the esophagus, stomach, and colon. This review offers strategies to minimize unnecessary endoscopic procedures and biopsies, decrease GHG emissions, and maintain high‐quality patient care, thereby contributing to sustainable healthcare practices.
Global research trends in sexual health care: A bibliometric and visualized study
Authors: Fu Yao , Zhao Junbo , Zhang Wenjin , Du Hailiang , Cao Zhiqin , Chen Xingfeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNo Patient or Public Contribution, because the relevant data of this article comes from the literature database.PurposeThe present study aimed to investigate the trends and research status of sexual healthcare.MethodsWe searched the Web of Science database for relevant articles concerning sexual healthcare, published between 2009 and 31 December 2022. Data collected include: the number of publications, authors, journals, countries, institutions, keywords. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to conduct the bibliometric study and visualise the analysis.ResultsA total of 1450 publications were included. The number of publications on sexual healthcare shows a fluctuating upward trend, and a stable core group of authors has been formed. The Journal of Clinical Nursing published the most articles on sexual healthcare (140 publications). The United States of America published the most articles (723, 49.86%). The research institution with the highest number of publications is the University of São Paulo. According to the keyword, timeline view and prominence mapping analysis, we believe that ‘Female sexual health’, ‘HIV’, ‘LGBT’ and ‘Sexual Healthcare Services’ may be new research hotspots in the field of sexual healthcare.ConclusionThis study describes the research status of sexual healthcare research over the past 14 years. The findings of this study can provide helpful reference and guidance for the development trend and research direction of sexual healthcare.
Toward making a high‐quality silage from common reed (Phragmites australis)
Authors: Kazemi Mohsen , Mokhtarpour Amir , Saleh Hassan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe effects of the addition of molasses (5 and 10% of dry matter: DM basis; M5 and M10 respectively) with or without urea (2%; U2, U2 + M5 and U2 + M10) on chemical and mineral composition, silage quality, microbial populations, buffering capacity and fermentation/digestion characteristics of common reed (Phragmites australis) ensiled under anaerobic conditions were investigated. The additives changed the silage quality of common reed compared with the control. Crude protein content was significantly (p< 0.0001) increased in urea‐containing silages, whereas ash‐free neutral detergent fibre concentration decreased in M10 compared with the control (p = 0.05). Treatment with 2% urea (U2) resulted in the reduction of most measured minerals with a severe decrease in iron concentration. The amount of gas produced after 96 h of incubation was, respectively, higher for U2, M10, U2M10, U2M5 and M5 compared with the control (p < 0.0001). Although the greatest in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro organic matter digestibility (96 h) were observed in U2 (p < 0.0001), no significant differences were found between U2 and M10. Supplementation with 10% molasses (M10) significantly increased lactic acid concentration, aerobic stability and total bacteria compared with other treatments (p < 0.0001). Moreover, DM loss (p = 0.0004), total yeast and mould (p < 0.0001) were significantly decreased as a result of 10% molasses treatment. Overall, it can be suggested that treating silage with 10% molasses (M10) has the potential to efficiently improve the nutritive value of common reed.
Role of HBsAg levels in guiding hepatitis B virus prophylaxis in pregnancy: Insights from a multi‐ethnic cohort
Authors: Mak Lung‐Yi , Koffas Apostolos , Dolman Grace E. , Saleh Hossam , Kemos Polychronis , Riddell Anna , Gill Upkar , Kennedy Patrick T.F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPregnant mothers with chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) need peri‐partum antiviral prophylaxis (PAP) to reduce the risk of mother‐to‐child‐transmission. Currently, PAP is recommended in those with high viral load (VL) that is, HBV DNA >200,000 IU/mL. Quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBsAg) >10,000 IU/mL, a cut‐off derived primarily from hepatitis B e‐antigen (HBeAg) positive antenatal cohorts in Chinese populations, is advocated as a surrogate marker of VL for guiding PAP. We investigated the utility of qHBsAg to predict high‐VL in a multi‐ethnic urban cohort with CHB. A consecutive cohort of women with CHB was identified from Barts Health NHS Trust databases in the United Kingdom. We included women with paired HBV DNA and qHBsAg during pregnancy. Women already on antiviral at conception were excluded. A total of 769 pregnancies in 678 CHB pregnant mothers (median age 31 years‐old, 8.6% HBeAg+) were included. At median gestational age of 15.3 weeks, HBV DNA was 336 (IQR 44–2998) IU/mL, with 65 (8.5%) being high‐VL. Serum qHBsAg was most useful in Black/Black‐British/Caribbean/African (AUROC 0.946) with 100% sensitivity and 80.6% specificity to predict high‐VL; but it performed less well for other ethnicities: Asian (AUROC 0.877), White (AUROC 0.797) and mixed ethnicities (AUROC 0.742). In conclusion, for settings where healthcare resources are not limited, HBV DNA remains the optimal marker to identify highly viraemic pregnancies for guiding PAP. For resource‐limited settings where the prevailing cost is treatment, serum qHBsAg can be used in Black/Black British/Caribbean/African sub‐cohorts, but not for other ethnicities.