bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Technical Efficiency of Smallholders Dairy Farmers in Njombe District, Tanzania
Authors: Mbehoma Petermus M. , Mutasa Felician 
Published: January 2024

This paper is based on a study conducted in nine dairy cattle keeping villages of Njombe district in Tanzania with the overall objective of estimating Technical Efficiency (TE) and analyzing factors influencing Technical Inefficiency (TI) of smallholder dairy farmers. Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function in which the parameters for the production frontier and for the inefficiency model were estimated jointly using the maximum likelihood technique on cross section data of 81 smallholder dairy farmers. Findings reveal that majority of respondents (61.7%) had TE below 50%. The implication of these findings is that majority of the respondents were technically inefficient and that the value of dairy production could be increased by 54.54% through better allocation and use of available resources.Â The inefficiency model showed that age, gender, education level, experience of the farmer and selling to processor are major factors having a significant and positive influence on the farmersâ€™ technical inefficiency while marital status and use of hired labor are the major factors having a significant and negative influence on the farmersâ€™ technical inefficiency.Â Â
Sustainable and Inclusive Growth in Africa: Industrialization a Must
Authors: Moshi Humphrey P.B. 
Published: January 2024

This article builds a case for the imperative of boosting the manufacturing sector as the surest way of tackling Africaâ€™s development challenges of fragile economic growth, poverty, inequality and vulnerability to socio-economic shocks. In doing so, the article firstly analyses the critical role manufacturing sector plays in a countryâ€™s socio-economic development. Secondly, it assesses the status of the sector in Africa by gauging its growth rate, over time, and its contribution to GDP.Â Thirdly, it identifies the factors which have undermined the growth of the sector.Â Fourthly, it draws an agenda for revival and boosting of the manufacturing sector, while avoiding the mistakes of the past industrialization episodes. Finally, some policy and strategic recommendations are drawn to guide the next generation of a manufacturing-led development paradigm by putting emphasis on the imperative of forging strong partnerships between the private and public sector.Â Â
Anisocoria farmacológica en lactante, asociación con bromuro de ipratropio
Authors: Villarreal García Lourdes Verónica , Ocaña Espinosa Verónica Alejandra , Martínez Mondragón Ricardo , García Méndez Edith , Ruíz Juárez Katherine 
Published: January 2024

Introducción. Las causas de anisocoria incluyen traumáticas, compresión del tercer nervio craneal, pupila de Adie, síndrome de Horner, vasculares, toxicológicas, herniación de estructuras cerebrales, fisiológicas y fármacologicas.
Reporte de caso. Lactante masculino de 1 año con diagnóstico de neumonía atípica, manejada con broncodilatadores micro nebulizados. Anisocoria súbita con midriasis izquierda a los 3 días de iniciado el manejo con bromuro de ipratropio, sin más hallazgos a la exploración física o exploración neurológica. Tomografía simple de cráneo sin hallazgos relevantes. Se descartó evento neurológico central, se otorgó el diagnóstico de midriasis unilateral farmacológica por bromuro de ipratropio. El manejo incluyó suspensión de micronebulizaciones con bromuro de ipratropio, demostrando resolución a las 14 horas.
Comentario. El origen medicamentoso de anisocoria por nebulizaciones en el paciente pediátrico es una posibilidad diagnóstica que el Pediatra debe tener presente.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran TPS terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa XI F di SMA Negeri 2 Padang
Authors: Stevenia Nadila , Santi Nirmala , Amsari Dina 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) lebih baik daripada pembelajaran konvensional terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis kelas XI F SMA Negeri 2 Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif model quasy eksperimen. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata tes akhir kelas eksperimen adalah 64,16 sedangkan rata-rata kelas kontrol adalah 50,55. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas XI F di SMA Negeri 2 Padang.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Literasi Matematika Berdasarkan Prosedur Newman
Authors: Umar Ali , Sartika Lenis Ayu 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis literasi matematika siswa dengan prosedur Newman. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah tiga orang siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi, sedang dan rendah di salah satu sekolah tingkat SMP di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan prosedur Newman siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi, sedang dan rendah mempunyai kemampuan yang sama pada aspek membaca dan memahami permasalahan. Sementara itu, untuk aspek transformasi, keterampilan proses dan penulisan jawaban akhir terdapat perbedaan kemampuan antara siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi, sedang dan rendah.
Shock-Responsive Social Protection for Displaced Persons in the IGAD Region: Lessons from COVID -19 Compounding Risks
Authors: Nyandiko Nicodemus 
Published: January 2024

Large-scale disasters and shocks are becoming increasingly frequent, protracted and complex. Social protection system is a potentially effective mechanism in reducing the impacts of these risks on vulnerable households and to build their resilience. The need for social protection for migrants during crisis came into sharp focus during the COVID - 19 pandemic. The study used in-depth desk review from secondary sources complemented with key informant interviews from four countries - Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and Somalia. The findings show that IGAD Member States with less - developed social protection systems such as Somalia were poorly prepared and struggled to launch rapid and effective social protection responses to COVID - triggered hardship to cover migrants. Unlike non-migrants who were registered as additional beneficiaries on national cash transfer programmes, many migrants lacked similar social protection in the duration of lockdown. In view of complex future shocks in the context of a changing climate, states are strongly encouraged to strengthen their social protection measures to be shock-responsive by reforming their laws, strengthening collaboration, develop data sharing protocols and information management system and linkages to early warning systems to trigger swift transfer of resources in the event of a crisis. This study offers lessons that will inform future inclusive policy responses on social protection for migrants during crises.
Demographic Factors affecting Dual Contraception Preference among Seropositive Women in Discordant Relationships in Nyatike Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Ouma Mark O. K. , Ong’anyi Paul O. 
Published: January 2024

Dual contraception is an effective strategy of achieving zero HIV transmission and unwanted pregnancy among discordant couples. Despite the double benefit, dual contraception use is still limited among seropositive women particularly in Nyatike Sub County, Kenya. Further, no research had been done on dual contraception preference or use among discordant couples in Nyatike Sub County. To fill this gap, this study aimed to establish the relationship between socio-demographic factors including age, parity, level of education, monthly income and dual contraception preference among seropositive women in discordant marital relationships in Nyatike Sub- County of Migori County, Kenya. This was a facility-based cross-sectional study in fourteen health facilities in Nyatike Sub- County. It involved 188 randomly sampled seropositive women in discordant marital relationships, 14 seronegative men randomly sampled and 14 healthcare providers. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyze quantitative data while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The study revealed that Parity (p=.001), level of education (p=.003) and monthly income (p=.026) were statistically significantly associated with dual contraception preference while age (p=.051) was not. The study recommends sensitization of seropositive women on the benefits of dual contraception to increase uptake of dual contraception.
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Factors Affecting the Physical and Functional Performance of Buildings in Kenya
Authors: Lagat David , Kivaa Titus , Njuguna Mugwima , Nyakondo Stephen , Maklago Erick , Onkangi Ruth , Kamulla Collins , Kimathi Benson 
Published: January 2024

Building performance is a broad subject whose meaning covers the ability of structures to serve the intended function based on a well-defined criterion such as the assessment of functional, physical, environmental, or even social attributes considered jointly or separately. Building failures and general collapses are some of the most severe consequences of failed performance of buildings which have a great impact on livelihoods yet have remained persistent in Kenya over decades despite various interventions. This paper analyses building performance based on observable attributes and sentiments of respondents collected from construction project sites across Kenya. The study aimed to characterize buildings that are likely to fail physically and functionally at different stages based on five factors drawn from the literature as institutional, ethical, financial, legal, and technical factors, with the intention of proposing the necessary stop-gap measures. The study employed a cross-sectional (survey) design in which quantitative research methods were applied to collect and analyze data from a random sample of 400 building construction projects selected through proportionate cluster sampling across the 47 counties of Kenya. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather data on the perception of industry professionals, building users, and generally the stakeholders on the identified area of the research. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and regression analysis. The physical performance of buildings appeared to cause an alarming concern with elements such as wall and slab stability recording poor scores. Based on functional performance the aspects of disability mainstreaming and compliance to green building standards were noted to be under-performing. Multiple Regression analysis results revealed that institutional, ethical, financial, legal, and technical factors explained 17.1% of the variability in building performance. Notably, only ethical, legal, and technical factors were the statistically significant predictors of building performance. The study thus recommends a detailed review, restructuring, and optimization of the ethical, legal, and technical environment of building construction management to enhance buildings performance.
Locals’ Claims of Rights and Access to Forest Resources in Three Forest Management Regimes in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta
Authors: Nur Madjid Muhammad Iqbal , Permadi Dwiko Budi , Wardhana Wahyu , Septiana Ratih Madya 
Published: January 2024

One of state forest areas managed by three management regimes is Bunder forest area, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Three management regimes are the production forest of KPH Yogyakarta, the conservation forest of Tahura, and the educational forest of KHDTK Wanagama I. The differences of management regimes are thought to affect the actual interaction pattern of villagers with the forest. This research aims to compare the actual rights and access of villagers to Bunder forest area in three management regimes in the hope of finding more effective forest management patterns. This research used a qualitative approach through the case study method of the interaction villagers of Bunder, Banaran, Ngleri, and Gading villages with the surrounding forests. The results show that forest management regimes affects the way villagers can access the forests. The aggregate value of the actual rights received by the villagers to the production forest of KPH Yogyakarta is higher than the educational forest of KHDTK Wanagama I. The lowest is management regimes in conservation forest of Tahura. Based on the access mechanisms that empower villagers, the educational forest regime of KHDTK Wanagama I is higher than the production forest regime of KPH Yogyakarta and the conservation forest regime of Tahura. This research recommends defining rights and access to increase certainty about the benefits of forest resources.
KPIs and BSC in the SME segment. Myth or reality?
Authors: Gallo Peter , Kollman Jaroslav , Pavlinska Juliana , Dobrovic Jan 
Published: January 2024

Research background: Companies are under considerable pressure to continuously improve their performance in today's highly competitive business world. KPIs have evolved as indispensable tool for assessing and measuring the performance of businesses against strategic objectives. Purpose of the article: The aim of this study is to present the current use of Balanced Scorecard systems and related KPIs in the implementation of the strategic management system in industrial companies in the SMEs segment and introduce a system of proposals for improving their performance, value, and competitiveness in the long term. Methods: The research methodology in the first phase was based on an examination of the available scientific and professional sources in this area. Used sources were selected taking into account the time range of the data up to a maximum of 7 years and in relation to the chosen research topic and objective. The main techniques used were survey and comparative analysis. The research was conducted using a questionnaire from years 2017 to 2022. Using database of the Entrepreneur's Index portal (www.indexpodnikatela.sk), we obtained contact information of 4230 enterprises. From this sample, 290 enterprises showed an active interest and participated in the survey, representing 6.9% of the total sample of 4230 enterprises. The obtained data were analyzed and transformed into a logical form of tabular outputs. Findings & Value added: Based on the research results, we can conclude that companies with more than 20 employees use strategic management systems and have linked KPIs. We also tested and proved the hypothesis of using supporting complementary management systems significantly more often by these companies. However, our research supports our hypothesis that companies that do not use BSCs do not have statistically significantly lower economic ROE. We also did not confirm that the turnover was lower in firms that did not use BSCs. On the other hand our research has shown that better strategic management systems must be built, as there is a lack of consistency between the objectives and essential performance indicators in all aspects of the balanced scorecard.
Les enjeux des soins palliatifs pédiatriques en
milieu hospitalier tertiaire : portrait d’une culture interdisciplinaire porteuse
d’espoir
Authors: Bourque Claude Julie , Martisella Marta , Marquis Marc-Antoine 
Published: January 2024

Cadre de la recherche : En 1999, le CHU
Sainte-Justine à Montréal a créé une offre de soins palliatifs pédiatriques (SPP) qui
s’est déployée graduellement dans tous les secteurs de l’hôpital. Un programme de
recherche rétrospectif et critique vise à comprendre l’évolution des pratiques et à
circonscrire les enjeux actuels.
Objectifs : Cet article présente un portrait des
SPP en milieu de soins tertiaires afin de nourrir la réflexion sur l’évolution des
pratiques en identifiant des priorités de recherche aux niveaux clinique, organisationnel
et systémique.
Méthodologie : L’approche des méthodes mixtes
est utilisée pour cette recherche-intervention. Une base de données d’archives (1999-2021)
et des comptes-rendus d’ateliers (2021-2022) font l’objet d’analyses statistiques
descriptives, d’analyses conceptuelles et d’une narration collective.
Résultats : Le déploiement des SPP s’est accru
au fil des ans pour se stabiliser par la suite. Le nombre de requêtes n’est pas corrélé au
nombre de décès pour un secteur donné. Les répondants ont décrit dix thèmes centraux pour
la pratique, la formation et la recherche en SPP : (1) les besoins des patients en milieu
hospitalier tertiaire, (2) les particularités pédiatriques des soins palliatifs et soins
de fin de vie, (3) la centralité de l’enfant, (4) la douleur et la souffrance ou le
bien-être et la qualité de vie, (5) les motivations et les besoins des soignants, (6) les
pratiques interdisciplinaires et interprofessionnelles, (7) la formation et les
compétences, (8) les normes et les indicateurs, (9) les dimensions éthique et systémique
des SPP, et (10) l’espoir et les espoirs.
Conclusion : Des outils conceptuels, procéduraux
et pédagogiques sont essentiels pour améliorer la qualité et l’accessibilité des soins et
des services en SPP.
Contribution : Nous souhaitons enrichir la
réflexion sur les SPP en décrivant notre perspective et en stimulant les interactions
entre les différents milieux hospitaliers et communautaires concernés.
Market Orientation, Entrepreneurship and SME Performance: The Role of Product Innovation
Authors: Razak Abdul , Ramli Anwar , Azis Muhammad , Sarnawiah  
Published: January 2024

Aims: This study aims to analyze market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, and their impact on SME performance with product innovation as an intervening variable.
Study Design: Quantitative descriptive.
Place and Duration of Study: South Celebes, between January 2023 and October 2023.
Methodology: The population in this study were SMEs managing crabmeat in South Sulawesi. The research method used is a quantitative approach using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument, which was distributed to 132 samples selected from 395 populations using purposive sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using regression analysis to test the relationship between the variables studied with the Smart PLS 3.2.9 application.
Results: The results showed that Market Orientation has a positive and significant effect on Product Innovation, Entrepreneurial Orientation has a positive and significant effect on Product Innovation, Product Innovation has a positive and significant effect on SME Performance, Market Orientation has a negative and insignificant effect on SME Performance, and Entrepreneurial Orientation has a positive and significant effect on SME Performance. In addition, Market Orientation has a positive and significant effect on SME Performance through Product Innovation, Entrepreneurial Orientation has a positive and significant effect on SME Performance through Product Innovation.
Conclusion: through product innovation efforts, SMEs can optimize the benefits of entrepreneurial orientation in achieving better performance.
Novel Macrocyclic EuII Complexes: Fast Water Exchange Related to an Extreme MOwater Distance
Authors: Burai László , Tóth Éva , Moreau Gilles , Sour Angélique , Scopelliti Rosario , Merbach André E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractEuII complexes are potential candidates for pO2‐responsive contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging. In this regard, we have characterized two novel macrocyclic EuII chelates, [EuII(DOTA)(H2O)]2− and [EuII(TETA)]2− (H4DOTA=1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetraacetic acid, H4TETA=1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane‐1,4,8,11‐tetraacetic acid) in terms of redox and thermodynamic complex stability, proton relaxivity, water exchange, rotation and electron spin relaxation. Additionally, solid‐state structures were determined for the SrII analogues. They revealed no inner‐sphere water in the TETA and one inner‐sphere water molecule in the DOTA complex. This hydration pattern is retained in solution, as the 17O chemical shifts and 1H relaxation rates proved for the corresponding EuII compounds. The thermodynamic complex stability, determined from the formal redox potential and by pH potentiometry, of [EuII(DOTA)(H2O)]2− (lg KEu(II)=16.75) is the highest among all known EuII complexes, whereas the redox stabilities of both [EuII(DOTA)(H2O)]2− and [EuII(TETA)]2− are inferior to that of 18‐membered macrocyclic EuII chelates. Variable‐temperature 17O NMR, NMRD and EPR studies yielded the rates of water exchange, rotation and electron spin relaxation. Water exchange on [EuII(DOTA)(H2O)]2− is remarkably fast (k$\rm{_{ex}^{298}}$=2.5×109 s−1). The near zero activation volume (ΔV≠=+0.1±1.0 cm3 mol−1), determined by variable‐pressure 17O NMR spectroscopy, points to an interchange mechanism. The fast water exchange can be related to the low charge density on EuII, to an unexpectedly long MOwater distance (2.85 Å) and to the consequent interchange mechanism. Electron spin relaxation is considerably slower on [EuII(DOTA)(H2O)]2− than on the linear [EuII(DTPA)(H2O)]3− (H5DTPA=diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid), and this difference is responsible for its 25 % higher proton relaxivity (r1=4.32 mM−1 s−1 for [EuII(DOTA)(H2O)]2− versus 3.49 mM−1 s−1 for [EuII(DTPA)(H2O)]3−; 20 MHz, 298 K).
Allylic Oxidation and First Transformations of a Key Intermediate in the Total Synthesis of Agarofuran Sesquiterpenes
Authors: Boyer François‐Didier , Descoins Charles Laurent , Thanh Giang Vo , Descoins Charles , Prangé Thierry , Ducrot Paul‐Henri 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis paper describes the synthesis of polyhydroxylated decalinic systems through oxidative furan ring opening of 3‐(2’‐furyl)‐2‐methoxycarbonylcyclohexadione‐4‐monoethylene ketal 12 using dimethyl dioxirane (DMDO). The functionalisation of the decalinic product 5, aimed at the synthesis of antifeedant agarofuran sesquiterpenes according to our previously reported strategy, is demonstrated to occur with good stereochemical control of the introduced oxygenated functions, using as a key step an original allylic oxidation by DMDO. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Copper‐Catalysed Addition of Organometallic Reagents to Vinyl Diepoxides − A Novel Route to Oxa‐Bridged Systems and to Substituted Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Bertozzi Fabio , Crotti Paolo , Del Moro Federica , Di Bussolo Valeria , Macchia Franco , Pineschi Mauro 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe copper‐catalysed addition of organometallic reagents (Grignard and dialkylzinc) to new vinyl diepoxides was examined. Cyclic vinyl diepoxides undergo clean SN2′ reactions to afford oxa‐bridged systems of various sizes after a domino intramolecular O‐alkylation reaction. Acyclic vinyl diepoxides are alkylated in good yields and with good regioselectivities, and a new catalytic enantioselective desymmetrization reaction to afford an enantioenriched allylic epoxy alcohol by the use of catalytic amounts of a copper phosphoramidite complex was demonstrated. Remarkable differences in terms of reactivity and selectivity are found when different organocopper reagents, generated in situ, are employed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
A QoS management framework for distributed multimedia systems
Authors: Hong Daniel Won‐Kyu , Hong Choong Seon 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis paper proposes a high‐performance connection management architecture to design a common QoS framework applied
to an ATM network based on the Open Distributed Processing (ODP) concept. We design the QoS framework in accordance
from the RM‐ODP information and computational viewpoints. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.