bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Time-frequency Domain Reflectometry Method Based on
S-transform for Power Cable Defect Localization
Authors: Zhang Lei 
Published: January 2024

Background::
The large-scale aging of cross-linked polyethylene (XPLE) leads to an
increase in the frequency of power cable accidents, which poses a threat to the safe operation of
the power grid.

Objective::
Traditional time-frequency domain reflectometry (TFDR) techniques for fault localization
in power cables are susceptible to cross-terms interference, which makes it impossible to
accurately locate defects. To overcome the limitation, this paper has proposed a novel cable fault
localization method based on S-transform.

Method::
The method employs S-transform to perform time-frequency analysis on the collected
signals of TFDR, mapping the time-domain signals into time-frequency domain signals. Then,
cross-correlation of the time-frequency domain signals is estimated, allowing for accurate positioning
of cable defects.

Results::
The results of the field experiments conducted on a 10 kV cross-linked polyethylene cable
with artificially introduced defects have demonstrated that the proposed method could effectively
locate the cable defects with small absolute error.

Conclusion::
Compared to existing TFDR methods, the proposed method has been found to be
free from interference of cross-terms, resulting in higher reliability and smaller blind spots for
detecting cable defects.
The Migrant-Local Difference in the Relationship Between Social Support, Sleep Disturbance, and Loneliness Among Older Adults in China: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pang Mingli , Wang Jieru , Zhao Mingyue , Chen Rui , Liu Hui , Xu Xixing , Li Shixue , Kong Fanlei 
Published: January 2024

Background
Driven by the accelerated aging of the population of China, the number of older adults has increased rapidly in the country. Meanwhile, following children, migrant older adults (MOA) have emerged as a vulnerable group in the process of fast urbanization. Existed studies have illustrated the association between social support and loneliness and the relationship between sleep disturbance and loneliness; however, the underlying mechanisms and the migrant-local difference in the association between social support, sleep disturbance, and loneliness have not been identified.

Objective
This study aimed to clarify the migrant-local difference in the relationship between social support, sleep disturbance, and loneliness in older adults in China.

Methods
Multistage cluster random sampling was used to select participants: 1205 older adults (n=613, 50.9%, MOA and n=592, 49.1%, local older adults [LOA]) were selected in Weifang City, China, in August 2021. Loneliness was assessed with the 6-item short-form University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, social support was evaluated with the Social Support Rating Scale, and sleep disturbance was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The chi-square test, t test, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were adopted to explore the migrant-local difference between social support, sleep disturbance, and loneliness among the MOA and LOA.

Results
The mean score of loneliness was 8.58 (SD 3.03) for the MOA and 8.00 (SD 2.79) for the LOA. SEM analysis showed that social support exerts a direct negative effect on both sleep disturbance (standardized coefficient=–0.24 in the MOA and –0.20 in the LOA) and loneliness (standardized coefficient=–0.44 in the MOA and –0.40 in the LOA), while sleep disturbance generates a direct positive effect on loneliness (standardized coefficient=0.13 in the MOA and 0.22 in the LOA).

Conclusions
Both MOA and LOA have a low level of loneliness, but the MOA show higher loneliness than the LOA. There is a negative correlation between social support and loneliness as well as between social support and sleep disturbance among the MOA and LOA (MOA>LOA), while loneliness is positively associated with sleep disturbance in both populations (MOA<LOA). Measures should be taken by the government, society, and families to increase social support, decrease sleep disturbance, and further reduce the loneliness among older adults, especially the MOA.
Application of laser interstitial thermal therapy in the treatment of patients with euthyroid nodular goiter: aingle-center prospective study
Authors: Tovkai O.A. , Palamarchuk V.O. , Kozachuk Y.S. , Stotska L.V. , Belemets N.I. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is one of the most effective and economically justified methods, which is recommended as the first-line treatment for patients with compression syndrome, a significant cosmetic defect, and those who categorically refuse surgery or have contraindications to it. The purpose of the study was to analyze the short-term outcomes of LITT in patients with euthyroid nodular goiter. Materials and methods. The results of LITT were analyzed in 20 patients with euthyroid nodular goiter, Bethesda category II, and solid echostructure for 2021–2023. The average volume of nodules was 0.67 (0.16; 1.39) cm3. Medical GaAlAs diode laser VELAS II-30F was used. The response of the nodules was classified as positive effect if volume reduction rate (VRR) was above 70 %, absent with VRR 69–0 %, negative effect with VRR < 0 %. The total follow-up ranged from 1 to 24 months. Results. A linear regression analysis revealed that shrinkage of the final nodule volume after the first session (0.37 (0.06; 0.9) cm3) statistically significantly depended on the initial volume (0.67 (0.16; 1.39) cm3), R2 = 0.955, p < 0.001. A positive effect was observed only in nodules up to 1.0 cm3 (average of 0.16 (0.085; 0.31) cm3). Statistically significant correlation was not found after the first session between the effect and the initial nodule volume (r = –0.163, p = 0.49). A linear regression analysis showed the absence of statistically significant correlation between the final nodule volume, final VRR, and laser characteristics (p > 0.05). The final nodule volume after the second session decreased statistically significantly vs. initial one (p = 0.007) and vs. the final volume after the first session (p = 0.028). There was no statistically significant difference between the frequency of effect in patients after single LITT and in those with two sessions (χ2 = 2.14, p = 0.34). A linear regression analysis did not show statistically significant causal relationship between these indicators (R2 = 0.27, p = 0.12). Conclusions. Laser interstitial thermal therapy is a safe method of organ-preserving treatment in patients with the euthyroid nodular goiter, which can be performed on an outpatient basis and does not lead to thyroid dysfunction. LITT is the most effective with a volume nodule of up to 1.0 cm3. The use of LITT in nodules larger than 1.0 cm3 does not meet the criteria of technical “success” but this does not necessarily indicate the overall ineffectiveness since the sample volume was insufficient. For greater validity, a study should be conducted on a larger sample of patients, which will allow reliably assessing the effectiveness of the method and determining clear criteria of selecting patients for this intervention. The study is still in progress.
Assessment of adenohypophysis function and ghrelin level in children with biologically inactive growth hormone syndrome
Authors: Sprynchuk N.A. , Marushko Yu.V. , Malinovska T.M. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Mutations in the growth hormone (GH) gene cause various forms of biologically inactive growth hormone (BIGH) syndrome. Ghrelin potentiates the secretion of GH. Ade­nohypophysis hormones take part in human growth mechanisms. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level is a criterion of GH activity. The purpose of the study was to assess the adenohypo­physis functions and to determine the role of ghrelin in patients with BIGH syndrome to optimize the diagnosis and treatment. Materials and methods. Anthropometric parameters were evalua­ted in 158 children with BIGH syndrome whose average age was 7.83 ± 1.23 years. The function of the adenohypophysis was evalua­ted accor­ding to the levels of somatotropin, thyroid-sti­mulating, adrenocorticotropic, luteinizing, follicle-stimulating hormone and their corresponding peripheral hormones, which were determined by radioimmunological methods and chemiluminescent immunoassay. A statistical analysis of the results was carried out. Results. The release of GH against the background of clonidine and insulin tests in patients with BIGH syndrome was higher than 10 ng/ml, the basal level of IGF-1 was significantly lower than the reference values. After a 4-day test for sensitivity to GH, the level of IGF-1 increased more than 2 times. Against the background of treatment with recombinant GH, serum thyroid-stimulating, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol indicators changed significantly, but their levels fluctuated within the reference values. Significant changes in ghrelin content were detected 120 minutes after falling asleep. Most children with BIGH syndrome had timely sexual development, precocious puberty was revealed in 19 children, the smallest was the group with delayed puberty (5 children). Gonadotropin-releasing hormone ana­logues were added to the GH treatment in case of unsatisfactory final growth. Conclusions. Normal/high levels of GH and reduced IGF-1 are characteristic of children with BIGH syndrome. In addition, these children have a significant increase in ghrelin in the first hours after falling asleep. The test for sensitivity to GH is a reliable diagnostic method. Thyroid and adrenal disorders were not found in patients with BIGH syndrome. Children with BIGH syndrome have normal sexual development with a tendency to precocious puberty. The simultaneous use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues in combination with GH preparations significantly improves patients’ final growth.
Erectile function in men with COVID-19 six months after recovery
Authors: Luchytskyi E.V. , Luchytskyi V.E. , Zubkova G.A. , Rybalchenko V.M. , Skladanna I.I. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Based on the results of epidemiological studies, it was found that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects men more often than women. Among COVID-19 complications, erectile dysfunction is considered a marker of endothelial dysfunction and one of the main factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Lower total and free testosterone levels are predictors of adverse prognosis in males with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Testosterone deficiency syndrome is considered an independent risk factor of cardiometabolic disorders. The purpose of the study is to investigate the state of erectile function in men who suffered from COVID-19 six months after recovery. Materials and methods. Seventy-two men suffering from COVID-19 and being treated in an infectious disease hospital were examined 6.90 ± 0.29 months after recovery. Their average age was 45.23 ± 3.01 years. The control group included 18 conditionally healthy men aged 43.18 ± 2.90 years. The state of erectile function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). The concentration of testosterone was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with DRG (Germany) and DiaMetra (Italy) kits. All measurements were performed on the Stat Fax 3200 analyzer. Statistical comparison of the obtained results between groups was performed according to the Student’s test. A value of p < 0.05 was considered to be signifi­cant. Results. In addition to erectile dysfunction, as evidenced by a reduced corresponding integrative indicator “erectile function” of IIEF-15 in men with COVID-19, a decrease in sexual desire was found, as well as a deterioration of sensations in the form of a decrease in ejaculation frequency and orgasmic sensations during sex contacts. The average serum level of total testosterone was 10.9 nmol/l and was significantly reduced compared to that in the control group. Analysis of individual indicators showed that testosterone level was decreased in 10 patients and was within the normal range in 13 men with COVID-19. The average serum concentration of total testosterone in the examined men after the disease was 10.73 ± 1.07 nmol/l and was significantly reduced compared to that of the control group. Conclusions. There was an erectile dysfunction in men who suffered COVID-19, it was confirmed by a probable decrease in IIEF-15 score and integrative indicators of erectile function. A significant decrease in the blood concentration of total testosterone was detected in the examined men, which may be one of the causes of erectile dysfunction. Large-scale prospective, randomized, controlled trials in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are needed to provide an understanding of the molecular mechanisms that cause erectile dysfunction.
A Path to Empire: Formation of the Art Culture at the Russian Court of Peter the Great
Authors: Tyukhmeneva Ekaterina 
Published: January 2024

In the course of the project, the author investigates the area of Russian court art culture in the first quarter of the 18th century associated with the formation of the new state ceremonial. For the first time, the authors cover practically all key ceremonies regulating the life of the monarch and his family: coronation, marriage and funeral ceremonies, triumphs and ceremonial meetings organized both in Russia and abroad. The article follows the development of the major principles of festive and mourning decorations and — to the extent possible — their further development throughout the 18th century. Particular attention is paid to symbols of power and insignia, as well as the jewellery art at the Russian court. Based on the materials collected, the author uncovers the circumstances of the design and use of a number of graphic works, regalia, orders, and precious settings for the court jewels, elucidated the typology and terminology of jewellery, and significantly expanded the existing understanding of the work of the craftsmen who executed the royal orders of the Romanovs.
In the process of this research, the project team introduced the unpublished graphic and written materials, new facts and names, made a number of attributions and clarifications, including terminology.
The findings are presented in the published collective paper, which contains besides the authors’ text the annexes comprising the publication of the 18th century documents and rich illustrations (more than 330 images): Tyukhmeneva E.A., Bykova J.I. A Path to Empire: Formation of the Art Culture at the Russian Court of Peter the Great. Ceremonies, Regalia, Jewels. Moscow: BooksMArt, 2022 — 448 p: illus.
University Philosophy in Saint Petersburg: Prosopographic Study Experience
Authors: Malinov Aleksei , Rostovtsev Evgeny 
Published: January 2024

The beginnings of professional philosophy in Russia are connected with the emergence of a se­cular system of education in the 18th century (Academic and Moscow Universities). For the first two centuries, philosophy occupied, though notably, a peripheral position in St Pe-tersburg's academic science. The situation changed in Soviet times with the emergence of the public university, when philosophy was given an ideological and educational role. The main focus of this research is the collective biography of philosophers at St. Petersburg Uni-versity which is being restored through several periods in the history of professional philoso-phy in St. Petersburg: 1) biographies of philosophers of the 'Academic University' and the period of the Main Institute of Education (in wide chronological framework of 1724–1819); 2) biographies of philosophers of the
'Imperial University' (1819–1919); 3) biographies of philosophers in the 'Age of Transformation' (period of Faculty of Social Sciences, Historical and Linguistic Faculty) (1918–1930s); 4) biographies of scientists from the School of Philos-ophy of the Moscow School of Economics. ); 4) bio­graphies of academics in the Faculty of Philosophy (1940–2013). In order to draw a collective portrait of the corporation of universi-ty philosophers, prosopography methods are used to trace the dynamics of the processes tak-ing place in the professional community. The quantitative changes of the philosophers of St. Petersburg/Leningrad University are noted and compared with another professional corpora-tion - university historians. It is noted that the study is based on the database – electronic dic-tionary «Philosophers of St. Petersburg University».
improvement of legislation in the field of protection and use of marine mammals
Authors: Ustyantseva Olga , Vlasova Elena 
Published: January 2024

The National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation defines biological diversity as a natio­nal asset requiring special legal protection. Significant declines in marine mammal populations over
time have been adversely affected by commercial fishing experience, habitat degradation, fishing activities, acoustic disturbances and marine pollution. The paper presents some final results of the implementation of the scientific project «Legal Protection of Marine Mammals in the Russian Fede­ration: Status, Trends and Prospects». Gaps in the legislation have been identified and proposals for its improvement have been formulated: 1) in the sphere of circulation of marine animals: specify exceptional cases of catching animals listed in the Red Book, including for the provision of veterinary care; 2) in the field of their exploitation for cultural organizations: suspend the approval of quotas for the catch of cetaceans until up-to-date scientifically based information on their numbers is received and introduce a ban on the catch of marine mammals for cultural and edu­cational purposes; 3) in the field of involvement in the online trade in wild fauna objects: strengthening of legal liability for encroachments on marine mammals and the introduction of a criminal ban on the circulation of animals from state protection lists (CITES Convention, the Red Book of the Russian Federation, the Red Data Books of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 31.10. 2013 no. 978).
The Relationship Between Pedagogical Thinking and Personal Characteristics of Teachers
Authors: Kashapov Mergalyas 
Published: January 2024

The article generalizes the findings of a long-term research that identifies the relationship of pedagogical thinking and personal characteristics of teachers. The study is based on a theo­retical generalization of empirical data gathered via the use of psychodiagnostic procedures, including ones that were devised by the author and passed psychometric testing. For the first time, the article provides an overview of 16 PhD research works targeted at identifying the features of pedagogical thinking at all levels of education, including preschool, school, higher,
postgraduate, and continuing education. The research focuses on the issues of psychological mechanisms and patterns that interlink a teacher’s personal characteristics and the features of pedagogical thinking. It is demonstrated that the move from the situational to the supersituational level of problem solving is the primary psychological mechanism for the professionali­zation of pedagogical thinking. This benefits not just the teacher’s performance but also their deve­lopment. The emergence of new personal formations leads to the alignment of the teacher’s professional and personal growth and raises their degree of thinking resourcefulness. The research enables the development of this concept as a system of generalized empirical results presented as a collection of theoretical ideas about the professionalization of teachers’ thinking, which is necessary to enhance the educational process.
Individualization Methods and Processes in Inclusive Education
Authors: Kuzmicheva Tatiana , Afonkin Yulia 
Published: January 2024

Ensuring the proper quality of inclusive education continues to be one of the most pressing issues requiring fundamental scientific research. The article presents the findings of the study undertaken in 2020–2022 as part of the project for the Russian Foundation for Basic Research — Educational Setting Individualization as a Contributing Factor to the Development of Inclusive Processes in the Education of Children with Disabilities in Urban and Rural Areas. The research seeks to address a major scientific goal of current pedagogy: the theoretical and methodological development, as well as the empirical analysis, of pedagogical mechanisms and conditions for the individualization of the educational process for students with disabilities.
The author explores the notion of individualization in the context of an integrative approach. It is seen as a factor that contributes to the availability and high quality of inclusive education by guaranteeing the participation of students with disabilities in the social and educational environment.
The article reflects the authors’ methodological foundations for individualization. It also substantiates the psychological and pedagogical mechanisms and conditions that allow for better resourcing of inclusive education, as well as the harmonization of teaching and special educational needs of students with disabilities associated with the specifics of their individual psychosocial development. The authors provide diagnostic tools to assess a teacher’s preparedness for indivi­dualization of the educational process, as well as a preparedness typology generated throughout the research. They develop the notion of inclusive methodological competency of the teacher and define its operational components with the goal of increasing teachers’ individualization skills. Furthermore, the study discusses the authors’ strategy and organizational models for the pedago­gically suitable interaction of subject teachers with the goal of individualizing educational process.
Digital Didactic Tools: Conceptual Justification, Structure, Application Algorithm
Authors: Lelchitsky Igor , Silchenko Alen 
Published: January 2024

The authors discuss their fundamental idea for developing a digital didactic toolkit and its application for integrating the digital research and pedagogical platform with the digital educational practice platform. They establish the framework for reflecting scientific and pedagogical research findings in digital educational practice and create a model of interaction between the agents of the digital educational practice platform and the digital research and pedagogical platform.
The article discusses the content and functionality of the aforementioned platforms. The digital didactic toolkit is presented as a scientific concept. The study also provides the fundamental ideas of data utilization, such as data-driven research and data-driven management.
The offered digital educational process architecture is based on cultural and situational approaches and guarantees absorption of all key educational elements. The digital didactic toolkit is regarded as a technique of developing novel teaching practices.