bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growthmanship in the Twenty‐First Century1
Authors: Tomlinson Jim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the run‐up to the next general election both main parties are giving high priority to increasing the growth rate. But does past experience suggest this is a sensible strategy? The historical evidence does not support the idea that this is a winning stance, and it places reliance on a concept which is both deeply problematic as measure of economic well‐being and little understood by the public.
The association of disease activity with depression and sleep quality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Hong Kong
Authors: Chau Shuk Yi Lucia , Leung Moon Ho Alexander , Tang Wai Kwong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often experience depression and poor sleep. Depression and poor sleep may, in turn, worsen RA disease activity. This cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between RA disease activity as measured using the Disease Activity Score‐28 (DAS28‐ESR), depression measured using the Beck's Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II), and sleep quality measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Anxiety was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale‐Anxiety subscale (HADS‐A). A total of 164 consecutive patients with RA were recruited from the Rheumatology Specialist Clinic of a regional hospital in Hong Kong. They were asked to complete questionnaires that included demographic information, the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), BDI‐II, HADS‐A, and PSQI. The DAS28‐ESR was assessed by the attending rheumatologists. Clinical information was retrieved from the electronic medical records. The mean DAS28‐ESR score was 3.35 ± 1.24 (SD). The mean BDI‐II was 10.97 ± 9.15 (SD). The mean HADS‐A score was 5.57 ± 3.77 (SD). The mean PSQI score was 7.55 ± 4.16 (SD). The BDI‐II score was statistically correlated with the DAS28‐ESR and PSQI scores. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the association of BDI‐II with DAS28‐ESR and PSQI was confounded by the HAQ. The association of DAS28‐ESR with BDI‐II but not with PSQI is in accordance with the results of previous studies. The association between the HAQ and BDI‐II has also been demonstrated in previous studies. Clinicians should be aware of mood and sleep problems in patients with RA and adopt a multidisciplinary approach to their management. Future studies should provide information on causality in a more representative sample of patients with RA.
Impulsivity, sex‐related alcohol expectancies, alcohol use, and sexual risk‐taking among bisexual women
Authors: Stamates Amy L. , Schulz Christina T. , Charvis Jodi S. , Ehlke Sarah J. , Kelley Michelle L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAccording to the acquired preparedness model, personality traits, such as impulsivity, may influence the learning process, contributing to heightened expectations surrounding risky behaviors (i.e., alcohol use, sexual risk‐taking). As bisexual women demonstrate heightened risk for hazardous alcohol‐ and sex‐related behaviors, the present study examined a sequential pathway, whereby the relation between impulsivity and sexual risk‐taking is mediated through sex‐related alcohol expectancies and alcohol use.MethodsData were collected from 225 self‐identified cisgender, bisexual women between the ages of 18 and 30 years (M = 22.77, SD = 3.45), who participated in an online survey. Participants reported on impulsivity, sex‐related alcohol expectancies, alcohol use, and experiences of sexual risk‐taking.ResultsResults revealed that sex‐related alcohol expectancies and alcohol use sequentially mediated the relation between impulsivity and sexual risk‐taking. Thus, greater impulsivity was related to greater sexual risk‐taking through heightened sex‐related alcohol expectancies and elevated alcohol use.Discussion and ConclusionsFindings from this study highlight mechanisms associated with risky drinking and sexual behaviors among this at‐risk population. Such information could aid the development of more efficacious prevention and intervention programs aimed at reducing consequences associated with alcohol use and sexual risk‐taking among bisexual women.Scientific SignificanceBisexual women are at heightened risk for alcohol‐related problems, including sexual risk‐taking. Findings from the current study identify impulsivity and sex‐related alcohol expectancies as independent and integrative predictors of such risky behaviors. Incorporation of these constructs may aid in the development of more efficacious clinical methods aimed at bettering health outcomes among bisexual women.
Letter: Comparing first‐line infliximab and vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis—it depends on how you use the drug. Authors' reply
Authors: Bokemeyer Bernd , Plachta‐Danielzik Sandra 
Published: November 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Bokemeyer et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17616 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17770
KDM4B: A promising oncology therapeutic target
Authors: Ni Fangjing , Tang Heting , Cheng Siteng , Yu Yaoyu , Yuan Zhihao , Chen Yingfei , Zhang Encheng , Wang Xiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEpigenetic modifications are significant in tumor pathogenesis, wherein the process of histone demethylation is indispensable for regulating gene transcription, apoptosis, DNA replication, and repair of damaged DNA. The lysine demethylases (KDMs) serve an essential role in the aforementioned processes, with particular emphasis on the KDM4 family, also referred to as JMJD2. Multiple studies have underscored the significance of the KDM4 family in the regulation of various biological processes including, but not limited to, the cell cycle, DNA repair mechanisms, signaling pathways, and the progression of tumor formation. Nevertheless, it is imperative to elucidate the underlying mechanism of KDM4B, which belongs to the KDM4 gene family. This review presents a comprehensive examination of the structure, mechanism, and function of KDM4B, as well as a critical analysis of the current body of research pertaining to its involvement in tumorigenesis and development. Furthermore, this review explores the potential therapeutic strategies that specifically target KDM4B.
Mechanical epilation exerts complex biological effects on human hair follicles and perifollicular skin: An ex vivo study approach
Authors: Bertolini Marta , Gherardini Jennifer , Chéret Jérémy , Alam Majid , Sulk Mathias , Botchkareva Natalia V. , Biro Tamas , Funk Wolfgang , Grieshaber Frieder , Paus Ralf 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveElectrical epilation of unwanted hair is a widely used hair removal method, but it is largely unknown how this affects the biology of human hair follicles (HF) and perifollicular skin. Here, we have begun to explore how mechanical epilation changes selected key biological read‐out parameters ex vivo within and around the pilosebaceous unit.MethodsHuman full‐thickness scalp skin samples were epilated ex vivo using an electro‐mechanical device, organ‐cultured for up to 6 days in serum‐free, supplemented medium, and assessed at different time points by quantitative (immuno‐)histomorphometry for selected relevant read‐out parameters in epilated and sham‐epilated control samples.ResultsEpilation removed most of the hair shafts, often together with fragments of the outer and inner root sheath and hair matrix. This was associated with persistent focal thinning of the HF basal membrane, decreased melanin content of the residual HF epithelium, and increased HF keratinocyte apoptosis, including in the bulge, yet without affecting the number of cytokeratin 15+ HF epithelial stem cells. Sebocyte apoptosis in the peripheral zone was increased, albeit without visibly altering sebum production. Epilation transiently perturbed HF immune privilege, and increased the expression of ICAM‐1 in the bulge and bulb mesenchyme, and the number of perifollicular MHC class II+ cells as well as mast cells around the distal epithelium and promoted mast cell degranulation around the suprabulbar and bulbar area. Moreover, compared to controls, several key players of neurogenic skin inflammation, itch, and/or thermosensation (TRPV1, TRPA1, NGF, and NKR1) were differentially expressed in post‐epilation skin.ConclusionThese data generated in denervated, organ‐cultured human scalp skin demonstrate that epilation‐induced mechanical HF trauma elicits surprisingly complex biological responses. These may contribute to the delayed re‐growth of thinner and lighter hair shafts post‐epilation and temporary post‐epilation discomfort. Our findings also provide pointers regarding the development of topically applicable agents that minimize undesirable sequelae of epilation.
Drug displacement from protein binding: source of the sulphadoxine liberated by phenylbutazone
Authors: WARDELL W. M. 
Published: November 2023

Summary
A quantitative study has been made of the redistribution of sulphadoxine produced by phenylbutazone in live sheep.
From calculations based on plasma measurements, 73% of the sulphadoxine in the body can be accounted for as the sum of the plasma‐bound, extracellular‐free and intracellular‐free drug in the whole animal. This sum is termed the accountable sulphadoxine.
After the injection of phenylbutazone there was a large shift of sulphadoxine from the plasma‐bound form into the free form. The gain in free drug significantly exceeded the loss of bound sulphadoxine from the intravascular compartment, but the discrepancy could easily be explained by displacement of some bound sulphadoxine from extravascular plasma protein.
Phenylbutazone did not displace sulphadoxine from sheep erythrocytes in vitro, nor from homogenates of liver, kidney or skeletal muscle.
Although the existence of other susceptible binding sites cannot be entirely excluded, this evidence strongly suggests that all the sulphadoxine liberated by phenylbutazone comes from binding sites on plasma protein.
Effect of flow‐stop on noradrenaline release from normal spleens and spleens treated with cocaine, phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine
Authors: KIRPEKAR S. M. , PUIG MARGARITA 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Cat spleens were perfused with Krebs‐bicarbonate solution, using a constant‐flow pump at a rate of about 7 ml/min at 33–35° C. Noradrenaline (NA) overflow by nerve stimulation at 10 Hz for 20 s was determined with or without flow‐stop before and after treatment with cocaine, phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine. In order to determine the effect of flow‐stop on overflow, the arterial and the venous flows were occluded by clamping the inflow and outflow tubes during the period of stimulation plus 30, 60 or 120 seconds.
Without flow‐stop, NA output was 0·93±0·25 ng/stimulus, which was significantly increased after cocaine (123±6·6%), phentolamine (415±93%) and phenoxybenzamine (578±107%). Phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine were much more effective than cocaine in enhancing overflow.
Before treatment with drugs, flow‐stops of 30, 60 and 120 s reduced NA outputs to 70±6·6, 27·5±2 and 7%, respectively, of the control outputs without flow‐stop. None of the drugs significantly influenced the percentage reductions in NA outputs during a 30 s flow‐stop. However, the percentage outputs after cocaine or phenoxybenzamine treatment during a 60 s flow‐stop significantly increased to 45±2·5% and 57±6%, respectively, as compared to the percentage output of 27·5±2% from untreated spleens during a corresponding flow‐stop period. During flow‐stop, there was no appreciable metabolism of the released transmitter.
Diffusion of the released transmitter from the site of liberation plays only a minor role in the removal of the released NA.
It is suggested that the NA released by nerve stimulation acts on the presynaptic α sites to inhibit its own release by a negative feedback mechanism. Adrenoceptor blocking agents enhance the NA overflow from spleen because they remove this autoinhibition by blocking the presynaptic α sites.
Nicotinic stimulant action of some tolyl and xylyl analogues of 1,1‐dimethyl‐4‐phenylpiperazinium (DMPP)
Authors: GREEN A. L. , MARSHALL I. G. 
Published: November 2023

Summary
The nicotinic stimulant properties of DMPP have been compared with those of its ortho‐, meta‐ and para‐tolyl analogues, and its 2,6‐ and 3,5‐xylyl analogues, on the blood pressure of the cat and on the semispinalis cervicis muscle of the chick.
A single ortho‐methyl group does not significantly change the nicotinic activity, but two such groups greatly reduce or abolish activity. Meta‐ or para‐methyl substitution reduces activity, but does not abolish it.
The effect on nicotinic activity of methyl substitution in the phenyl ring of DMPP closely parallels the effect of ring‐methyl substitution in phenyl choline ether.
Ortho‐methyl substitution has been shown spectroscopically to alter markedly the spatial orientation of the phenyl ring of DMPP relative to the piperazine ring. The effect of these conformational changes on nicotinic activity is discussed in relation to a recent hypothesis concerning the conformation of acetylcholine required for interaction with nicotinic receptors.
The compounds tested had no muscarinic activity on the isolated guinea‐pig ileum.
Important aspects of investigating optical excitations in semiconductors using a scanning transmission electron microscope
Authors: Stöger‐Pollach Michael , Bukvišova Krýstina , Zenz Keanu , Stöger Leo , Scales Ze 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince semiconductor structures are becoming smaller and smaller, the examination methods must also take this development into account. Optical methods have long reached their limits here, but small dimensions are also a challenge for electron beam techniques, especially when it comes to determining optical properties. In this paper, electron microscopic methods of investigating optical properties are discussed. Special attention is given to the physical limits and how to deal with them. We will cover electron energy loss spectrometry as well as cathodoluminescence spectrometry. We pay special attention to inelastic delocalisation, radiation damage, the Čerenkov effect, interference effects of optical excitations and higher diffraction orders on a grating analyser for the cathodoluminescence signal.
African ʿAjamī in the Digital Environment: Typographic and Technological Challenges
Authors: Jamra Mark , Patel Neil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With Africa poised at the threshold of a typographic renaissance, its writing systems often face unique challenges when entering the digital environment. This chapter offers an overview of the current state of technical support for the digitization and creation of African ʿAjamī texts, the fonts and input methods currently available for that task, and the technical challenges remaining to be resolved to fully accommodate scholars and creators of textual content in African languages written with the Arabic script. The considerations that went into the design and production of the typeface family Kigelia Arabic are also briefly outlined, showing the challenges in creating fonts that address traditional sub-Saharan, Sahelian forms in all their variations and alternatives. This will be accompanied by an overview of the development of ʿAjamī-specific keyboards and methods for expanding features and key layouts for different language communities.
Thinking on Six Feet: The Joy of the Kannada Kuvalayānanda
Authors: Bronner Yigal , Keerthi Naresh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Jāyagauḍa’s Kannaḍakuvalayānanda, the name may suggest, is another run-of-the-mill regional adaptation of Appayya Dīkṣita’s bestseller textbook of Sanskrit poetics—The Joy of the Night Lily (Kuvalayānanda). However, a close reading of Jāyagauḍa’s definitions and more importantly, his carefully curated examples, tells a different story. Jāyagauḍa’s text is by no means a slavish translation, nor is his aim to present a brandnew, local theory of poetic figures. Rather, the Kannaḍakuvalayānanda places recent ṣaṭpadi poetry at the center-stage of poetics and creatively shifts the valence of understanding figures from abstract theory to writerly and readerly practice, beginning with Appayya Dīkṣita’s own examples. The interaction of a “Sanskrit” poetic theory with a Kannada poetic memory here produces most unusual results. This experiment also draws our attention to a dazzlingly new (and as it turns out, very traditional) mode of doing literary criticism—in Sanskrit as well as in Kannada.
Genetic diversity and population structure of modern wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in Henan Province of China based on SNP markers
Authors: Tang Wenjing , Dong Zhongdong , Gao Lifeng , Wang Xicheng , Li Tianbao , Sun Congwei , Chu Zongli , Cui Dangqun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Henan is the province with the greatest wheat production in China. Although more than 100 cultivars are used for production, many cultivars are still insufficient in quality, disease resistance, adaptability and yield potential. To overcome these limitations, it is necessary to constantly breed new cultivars to maintain the continuous and stable growth of wheat yield and quality. To improve breeding efficiency, it is important to evaluate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of its cultivars. However, there are no such reports from Henan Province. Therefore, in this study, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were used to study the population genetic structure and genetic diversity of 243 wheat cultivars included in a comparative test of wheat varieties in Henan Province, aiming to provide a reference for the utilization of backbone parents and the selection of hybrid combinations in the genetic improvement of wheat cultivars.

Results
In this study, 243 wheat cultivars from Henan Province of China were genotyped by the Affymetrix Axiom Wheat660K SNP chip, and 21 characteristics were investigated. The cultivars were divided into ten subgroups; each subgroup had distinct characteristics and unique utilization value. Furthermore, based on principal component analysis, Zhoumai cultivars were the main hybrid parents, followed by Aikang 58, high-quality cultivars, and Shandong cultivars. Genetic diversity analysis showed that 61.3% of SNPs had a high degree of genetic differentiation, whereas 33.4% showed a moderate degree. The nucleotide diversity of subgenome B was relatively high, with an average π value of 3.91E-5; the nucleotide diversity of subgenome D was the lowest, with an average π value of 2.44E-5.

Conclusion
The parents used in wheat cross-breeding in Henan Province are similar, with a relatively homogeneous genetic background and low genetic diversity. These results will not only contribute to the objective evaluation and utilization of the tested cultivars but also provide insights into the current conditions and existing challenges of wheat cultivar breeding in Henan Province, thereby facilitating the scientific formulation of breeding objectives and strategies to improve breeding efficiency.
Efficacy and safety of self-made covered coronary stent in the treatment of coronary artery perforation
Authors: An Wen , Ye Jian , Han Bingyu , Wang Xu , Han Chao , Gao Junqing , Liu Zongjun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
To observe the efficacy and safety of self-made covered coronary stent in the treatment of coronary artery perforation.

Methods
Covered coronary stent was prepared by wrapping 3 M film on the surface of coronary stents. The beagle dogs were divided into control group and experimental group. A drug-eluting stent (DES) was implanted in the control group. The covered stent was applied to block the coronary branches of beagle dogs. The CaIMR value after stent placement was calculated by FlashAngio software. The effect of blocking the coronary branches on blood flow was observed by coronary angiography (CAG). The condition of the implanted stent was observed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the histopathologic examination of the coronary vessel implanted stent was performed by HE staining.

Results
The best number of layers was 2. Compared with the control group, the CaIMR of the experimental group increased (p < 0.05). A lot of in-stent thrombosis were found in the experimental group and obvious blood flow obstruction during follow-up. HE staining showed that stents implanted in the two groups adhered well to the wall of the blood vessel, but in-stent thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia were founded in the experimental group, while the in-stent restenosis was not founded.

Conclusion
The self-made coronary covered stent can effectively block the leakage caused by coronary perforation, but the stent endothelialization is poor, which easily causes stent thrombosis and restenosis, so it is not recommended as a routine remedy.
Complete loss of E-cadherin expression in a rare case of metastatic malignant meningioma: a case report
Authors: Lisowski Dominik , Hartrampf Philipp E. , Hasenauer Natalie , Nickl Vera , Monoranu Camelia-Maria , Tamihardja Jörg 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Hematogenous tumor spread of malignant meningiomas occurs very rarely but is associated with very poor prognosis.

Case presentation
We report an unusual case of a patient with a malignant meningioma who developed multiple metastases in bones, lungs and liver after initial complete resection of the primary tumor. After partial hepatic resection, specimens were histologically analyzed, and a complete loss of E-cadherin adhesion molecules was found. No oncogenic target mutations were found. The patient received a combination of conventional radiotherapy and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Due to aggressive tumor behavior and rapid spread of metastases, the patient deceased after initiation of treatment.

Conclusions
E-cadherin downregulation is associated with a higher probability of tumor invasion and distant metastasis formation in malignant meningioma. Up to now, the efficacy of systemic therapy, including PRRT, is very limited in malignant meningioma patients.
Ultrasound measurements of fetal facial profile markers and their associations with congenital malformations during early pregnancy
Authors: Liao Minyan , Wang Limin , Shang Ning , Hu Xueyi , He Bingjia , Liu Xiangjiao , Xiang Guanghua , Zhong Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Fetal facial profile could be measured during the early pregnancy. Its abnormalities might be associated with certain congenital malformations. We aimed to study the associations between fetal facial profile measurements with crown-rump length and congenital malformations (cleft lip and palate, micrognathia, and open spina bifida) during early pregnancy.

Methods
We performed a prospective cross-sectional study between June 2019 and April 2022. Pregnant women at a gestational age between 11–13+ 6 weeks were enrolled. Two sonographers performed fetal facial profile measurements independently. The associations between these measurements with crown-rump length and congenital malformations were evaluated.

Results
There were 406 and 25 fetuses without or with congenital malformations, respectively. Two sonographers showed satisfactory inter- and intra-observer agreements and reproducibility. The maxillary gap was only observed in 7.6% of normal fetuses, whereas all cleft lip and palate fetuses had a maxillary gap ≥ 0.8 mm. The crown-rump length was negatively correlated with frontomaxillary facial angle, inferior facial angle, and profile line distance but positively correlated with maxilla-nasion-mandible angle, facial maxillary angle, frontal space distance, and palatine maxillary diameter. These measurements showed various significant changes with different congenital malformations.

Conclusions
Measurements of fetal facial profile in early pregnancy were feasible with satisfactory reproducibility. These measurements correlated with crown-rump length and showed significant differences with certain fetal congenital malformations.