bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photo‐ and Thermo‐Responsive Switchable Smart Windows Developed by the Control of 3D Molecular Orientation of Chiral Liquid Crystals with Azobenzene Molecular Engineering
Authors: Yoon Won‐Jin , Lim Seok‐In , Rim Minwoo , Koo Jahyeon , Ko Hyeyoon , Jang Junhwa , Oh Mintaek , De Sio Luciano , Choi Yu‐Jin , Jeong Kwang‐Un 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study introduces a passive smart window whose state can be adjusted based on external stimuli, such as light and heat, by controlling the 3D molecular orientation of chiral liquid crystals (LCs). The 3D molecular orientation of chiral LCs is automatically controlled by azobenzene‐based molecular engineering of the surface (AZ‐COOH) and bulk molecular alignment (B1AZ) in the host LC (HLC). The resulting chiral LC (3D‐ALC) smart windows are transparent under ambient conditions because of the vertically aligned HLC in the chiral smectic A (SmA*) monodomain. When exposed to UV light at room temperature, the 3D‐ALC smart windows become opaque. This change occurs because the photoisomerization of the azobenzene‐based alignment molecules transforms the SmA* monodomains into randomly dispersed multidomains. Above 35 °C (TNI of HLC), the HLC phase transforms into a focal conic state, resulting in an opaque state, regardless of UV light irradiation. The newly developed photo‐ and thermo‐responsive smart window offers a new energy‐saving window for maintaining comfortable indoor environments in automobiles and buildings.
Glepaglutide‐Loaded Foam for the Induction of Mucosal Healing in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Zhang Wunan , Van den Bossche William , Yagoubi Hafsa , Kambale Espoir K , Wahni Khadija , Saxena Tanya , Guilbaud Léo , Moreels Tom G. , Messens Joris , Beloqui Ana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlucagon‐like peptide 2 (GLP‐2) stimulates intestinal growth, repairs mucosa, and enhances epithelial integrity but has a short half‐life (7 min). Glepaglutide (GL), a GLP‐2 analog with an extended half‐life (50 h), is currently undergoing clinical trials for patients with short bowel syndrome. GL requires subcutaneous injection, which poses challenges for potential patient compliance. To address this challenge, GL was loaded into a rectal foam formulation using CO2 as a permeation enhancer to combine both the local and systemic effects of the GLP‐2 analog. In a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis model, the GL‐loaded foam (GLF) significantly mitigated the severity of colitis. GLF facilitated mucosal healing, as evidenced by colonoscopy images, increased plasma markers of mucosal healing, and increased crypt depth. To evaluate GL absorption in the colon, fluorescein dextran 4K (FD 4K) was employed. The foam formulation improved macromolecule absorption in the colon, with fast recovery of enhanced permeation that dissipated after 4 h. This study highlights GLF as a promising formulation for GL administration, balancing systemic and local anti‐inflammatory effects.
Incompatible Geometry Regulation of Nanowire Assemblies Enabled Light‐Driven Shape Morphing and Motions
Authors: Chen Hong , Qin Haili , Yao Xin , Cong Huai‐Ping , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhotoresponsive shape‐changing materials have significant applications in miniaturized smart robotics and biomedicine powered in a remote and wireless manner. Existing light‐fuelled soft materials suffer from limited continuous shape manipulation and constrained mobility and locomotive modes. One promising solution is developing a hierarchical structure design approach to integrate rapid, reversible photoactive molecular alignment and mechanically incompatible geometry in a macroscopic system. Here, a nanowire assemblies‐induced geometry engineering method is reported for the fabrication of silver nanowire‐incorporated nematic liquid crystalline elastomers with prominent anisotropic structures at multi‐length scales and incompatible elasticity that show sharp morphological transitions among the rings, helicoids, and spirals with diverse helical configurations. The engineered composite films can realize complex light‐driven motions including rotating, rolling, and jumping with the controlled directionality and magnitude that are pre‐encoded in their both molecular and macroscopic configurations. Owing to the great controllability of multimodal locomotion, a spiral robot can undertake task‐specific configuration to climb up complex terrains. The complete regulatory relationship among molecular orientation, shape geometry, and light‐driven motions is also established. This study may open an avenue for elaborate design and precise fabrication of novel shape‐morphing materials for future applications in intelligent robotic systems.
Tailoring Buried Interface and Minimizing Energy Loss Enable Efficient Narrow and Wide Bandgap Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells by Aluminum Glycinate Based Organometallic Molecule
Authors: Cheng Minghui , Duan Yuwei , Zhang Dexin , Xie Zhuang , Li Hongxiang , Cao Qiuyan , Qiu Zeliang , Chen Yu , Peng Qiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRational regulation of Me‐4PACz/perovskite interface has emerged as a significant challenge in the pursuit of highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, an organometallic molecule of aluminum glycinate (AG) that contained amine (‐NH2) and aluminum hydroxyl (Al‐OH) groups is developed to tailor the buried interface and minimize interface‐driven energy losses. The Al‐OH groups selectively bonded with unanchored O═P‐OH and bare NiO‐OH to optimize the surface morphology and energy levels, while the ‐NH2 group interacted specifically with Pb2+ to retard perovskite crystallization, passivate buried Pb‐related defects, and release residual interface stress. These interactions facilitate the interface carrier extraction and reduce interface‐driven energy losses, thereby realizing a balanced charge carrier transport. Consequently, AG‐modified narrow bandgap (1.55 eV) PSC demonstrates an efficiency of 26.74% (certified 26.21%) with a fill factor of 86.65%; AG‐modified wide bandgap (1.785 eV) PSC realizes 20.71% champion efficiency with excellent repeatability. These PSCs maintain 91.37%, 91.92%, and 92.00% of their initial efficiency after aging in air atmosphere, the nitrogen‐filled atmosphere at 85 °C, and continuously tracking at the maximum power‐point under one‐sun illumination (100 mW cm−2) for 1200 h, respectively.
A Stimulus‐Responsive Optoelectronic Skin From Photonic Crystal
Authors: Xu Jie , Li Yanyan , Yao Yuge , Ding Yanjun , Tan Yaying , Hu Gaoji , Zhang Shiming , Zeng Lintao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn nature, the ability to regulate and transmit color signals is fundamental to the adaptive survival of many organisms. A key aspect of this adaptability is the autonomous detection of chromatic changes in color‐displaying structures, facilitating precise color matching with environmental stimuli. However, conventional mechanochromic materials rely on a single mechanical force feedback channel, lacking the ability to continuously monitor their color state in real‐time. In this work, a novel approach is presented that integrates ZnS@SiO2 photonic crystals and LiCl into a TEMPO‐Oxidized cellulose nanofibers‐polyacrylamide hydrogel matrix (PAM‐TOCNF hydrogel), which successfully endow conductivity variation into this mechanochromic hydrogel. This system mimics the chameleonic mechanism by coupling mechanical force with ion conduction to achieve responsive color changes and real‐time color process monitoring. These findings establish a new paradigm for optoelectronic systems with stimulus‐responsive capabilities, paving the way for future advancements in bio‐inspired, adaptive technologies.
Biomimetic Orthogonal Removal of Arylacyl Protecting Groups from the C‐Terminus of Substituted Amino Acids and Oligopeptides via Flavin N(5)‐iminium Covalent Adducts
Authors: Pavlovska Tetiana , Havlík Martin , Labíková Magdalena , Cibulka Radek 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFlavin co‐factors and other flavin derivatives are traditionally associated with one‐ or two‐electron redox reactions. Flavins also form covalent intermediates with a variety of substrates. While extensive attention has focused on reactions at the C(4a) position of the flavin ring, recent interest has shifted toward the dynamic potential of the N(5) atom. In our study, we demonstrate the formation of artificial flavin N(5)‐iminium covalent adducts via nucleophilic attack by enolates derived from arylacyl esters at the flavin N(5) position. This interaction mimics the biosynthesis of ether phospholipids catalysed by alkyl‐dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase via an N(5)‐FAD iminium adduct formation and fatty acid release. Accordingly, we developed a method for the selective removal of phenacyl and 2‐naphthylacetyl protecting groups from the C‐terminus of α‐amino acids and di‐ and tripeptides using biomimetic flavin organocatalysis. Although many approaches are currently available for protection of C‐terminus of peptides, their removal often requires harsh conditions, which cause racemization and the loss of optical purity, together with other side reactions. Our method is versatile, mild, orthogonal to most functional and protecting groups and maintains optical purity of α‐amino acids. From general point of view, the method signifies the groundbreaking application of the non‐canonical reactivity of flavins in organic synthesis.
Eltrombopag Inhibited Liver Cancer by Enhancing SMYD4 Protein Degradationvia TRIP12 Ubiquitinase
Authors: Li Jiale , Zhang Qiqiang , Wang Chunyan , Liu Shupeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAccording to prior studies, SET and MYND domain‐containing protein 4 (SMYD4) is involved in tumor progression and metastasis, representing a potential therapeutic target for tumors. However, no specific inhibitors or drugs targeting SMYD4 are currently available. In this study, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to screen small molecule lead compounds binding to SMYD4 protein. CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, EdU assay were used to analyze the viability and proliferation of tumor cells. Flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Clorazepate, Ativan, Darifenacin and Eltrombopag were found to bind with SMYD4 with the highest probability and to meet the five principles of the drug class. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that Eltrombopag had the strongest binding capacity to SMYD4 protein. The functional analysis showed that Eltrombopag inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in vivo and in vitro at low density. Moreover, Eltrombopag enhanced ubiquitination of SMYD4 protein and promoted its degradation via thyroid hormone receptor interactor 12(TRIP12). These findings suggest that Eltrombopag is a potential inhibitor of SMYD4 protein, representing a novel leading compound for SMYD4 and applied for tumor treatment.
Tailoring Tumor Cell Golgi Apparatus‐Targeting Self‐Assembled Peptide for Effective Immunotherapy via Reshaping MIF‐Mediated Immunosuppressive Network
Authors: Li Xiang , Wang Chengxinqiao , Liu Junhan , Deng Guifang , Deng Yongqiang , Hu Fang , Wang Yupeng , Zhou Dongfang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe immunosuppressive network formed by the enhanced crosstalk between tumor cells and various types of immune cells may ultimately lead to the formation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME). The Golgi apparatus (GA) of tumor cells is a key organelle in the formation of a tumor immunosuppressive network. However, there are no studies to show whether interfering with the GA of tumor cells can reshape the immunosuppressive network to enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Therefore, the tumor cell GA‐targeting self‐assembled peptide (NF‐1) is tailored, and confirmed that NF‐1 treatment can achieve an effective immunotherapy and found that tumor cell‐derived GA‐dependent migration inhibitory factor (MIF) mediates the formation of immunosuppressive network in breast cancer (BRCA) through multi‐omics analysis, in vivo, and in vitro experiments. NF‐1 treatment‐induced MIF reduction can reshape the immunosuppressive network and convert a “cold” tumor into a “hot” tumor, thus enabling immunotherapy in BRCA and enhancing the ICB efficacy in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). This study presents a general strategy for interfering with tumor GA for effective immunotherapy in BRCA, COAD, and other cancers characterized by a “cold” immune microenvironment.
Structure and Wiring Optimized TT/MT Double‐Helical Fiber Sensors: Fabrication and Applications in Human Motion Monitoring and Gesture Recognition
Authors: Chen Ziwei , Qian Daoxiong , Xie Dandan , Gao Chunxia , Shi Jian , Morikawa Hideaki , Zhu Chunhong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA fibrous flexible sensor, with its small size, minimally burdens the human body, ranking among the most user‐friendly flexible sensors. However, its application is often limited by damage caused by electrode movement, as flexible sensors are typically attached to joints, which can be greatly alleviated by placing the two electrodes on the same side. Inspired by the hydrogen bonds in the double‐helical structure of DNA, the double‐helical electrode design is commonly found and applied in fiber‐based batteries and supercapacitors into fibrous flexible sensors through coaxial wet‐spinning and further treatment. The double helical sensor exhibits high strength and maintains stable operation and is prepared under over 300% strain with gauge factors (GF) of 0.9, 39.5, and 349, respectively, in its working ranges. This unique single‐sided electrode structure also enabled applications such as water flow sensing. The sensor into a smart glove capable of real‐time is further integrated, five‐channel finger motion detection, and used a convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based machine learning algorithm to achieve 98.8% accuracy in recognizing six common gestures. This study provides a novel approach to optimize the electrode distribution in fiber‐based flexible sensors through an internally encapsulated double‐helical structure, making a significant contribution to the field of flexible sensing.
A Platinum Complex‐Based Dimerized Electron Acceptor for Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Cheng Yang , Jiang Dongcheng , Xiao Chengyi , Li Mengdi , Lin Yi , Zhao Chaowei , Tang Zheng , Yin Hang , Li Weiwei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetal–organic complexes have demonstrated excellent performance in organic light‐emitting diodes, yet their potential in organic solar cells (OSCs) remains underexplored. In this study, a novel metal–organic complex, Pt‐Y, which features a platinum core connected to Y‐acceptor arms, for application in OSCs is designed and synthesized. The dimerized Pt‐Y acceptor is prepared through straightforward reactions, with the key precursor linking the platinum metal and Y‐acceptors synthesized through Sonogashira coupling. Steady‐state and transient photoluminescence measurements revealed that Pt‐Y exhibits distinct singlet and triplet states with microsecond lifetimes—significantly longer than the nanosecond lifetimes of Y‐acceptors without the metal. Incorporating Pt‐Y as a third component in ternary OSCs has resulted in a remarkable efficiency of 19.2%. Further morphological analysis and transient absorption measurements indicate that the dimerized Pt‐Y displays excellent miscibility with the Y‐acceptor, leading to minimal phase separation and the formation of fibrillar structures. These structures enhance charge separation and transport while reducing charge recombination. This work presents a facile approach to developing metal–organic complexes with exceptional photovoltaic performance in OSCs.
Circularly Polarized Luminescence Inversion in AIE‐Active Crystal Enabled by Solvent‐Induced Transition Dipole Moment Regulation
Authors: Niu Xiaofei , Ou Xinwen , Ren Shizhe , Wang Ke , Song Fengyan , Dong Xiaobin , Guo Wu‐Jie , Peng Hui‐Qing , Zhao Zujin , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Zhao Yong Sheng , Li Fei , Yu Shu‐Yan , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTControl of the dissymmetry of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is intriguing and has great potential for applications in the field of optics. The traditional control strategy involves using the opposite enantiomers to achieve reversal of CPL signs. However, regulating CPL reversal by controlling only the transition dipole moments without changing molecular or supramolecular chirality remains a challenge. Herein, we developed a couple of crystal materials based on axially chiral aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens). These materials exhibit achiral solvent‐induced CPL sign inversion with identical helical structures and molecular chirality in their crystalline states. (R)‐BPAuCzT displays (+)‐CPL with a dissymmetry factor of luminescence (glum) value of +9.81 × 10−4 (560 nm), while (R)‐BPAuCzC exhibits (−)‐CPL with a glum value of −1.02 × 10−3 (560 nm). Time‐dependent density functional theory calculations show that the magnetic and electric transition dipole moments at S1 → S0 of the (R)‐BPAuCzC unit cell are considerably influenced by the cocrystallized solvent molecules, revealing a solvent‐induced CPL inversion mechanism. The nonbonding interactions between the solvent molecules (i.e., tetrahydrofuran or CDCl3) and AIEgens in the crystal play a crucial role in the manipulation of the transition dipole moment of these crystal materials. Moreover, microrods of (R)‐BPAuCzT, (R)‐BPAuCzC, and (R)‐BPAuCzDCE exhibit optical waveguide properties with relatively low optical‐loss coefficients of 187.3, 567.4, and 65.2 dB/cm, respectively. These findings can help in developing a new strategy toward controlling CPL signals and providing a potential application for future integrated photonic circuits.
An atomically economical and environmentally benign approach for the scalable synthesis of rare‐earth metal‐organic framework catalysts
Authors: Zhang Xin , Bai Xuefeng , Li Yi , Xie Yabo , Zhang Run‐Ji , Chen Da‐Yu , Zhang Jian‐Yu , Xing Na , Li Jian‐Rong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs), as an emerging class of porous materials, demonstrated substantial potential for applications in chemical engineering processes. However, their production often generates significant waste including ionic residues and organic solvents, posing considerable environmental concerns. Herein, we report the environmentally benign MOF synthesis with metal oxides precursors, yielding water as the exclusive by‐product. This approach not only enhances atom economy but also promotes solvent recycling by preventing anion accumulation, significantly reducing waste generation. The synthesis can be easily scaled up in a 10‐L reactor with an impressive space–time yield of 608 kg·m−3·day−1. Furthermore, MOF‐76(Y) was implemented in a reactor for catalytic cycloaddition reaction at kg‐scale. Through optimization of the interfacial contact between CO2 and the reaction liquid phase, a yield of 96.7% was achieved under mild conditions. This work demonstrates a rare example of scalable and sustainable synthesis of MOF materials coupled with catalysis implementation at kilogram scale.
Two‐Pot Synthesis of Indolizinoindole Derivatives via Lewis Acid‐Mediated Intramolecular Regioselective Cyclization of 3‐Acylpyrroles
Authors: Mamta  , Shah Imtiyaz Ahmad , Verma Mainika , Rangan Krishnan , Iype Eldhose , Khungar Bharti , Kumar Indresh 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA two‐pot method has been developed to access indolizino[8,7‐b]indole derivatives through Lewis acid‐mediated regioselective C5‐cyclization of 3‐acylpyrrole prepared from the feedstock materials. The overall reaction proceeds through amine‐catalyzed direct aldol reaction/Paal‐Knorr reaction/oxidation between succinaldehyde, aromatic aldehyde, and tryptamine in a sequential multicomponent fashion for N‐alkyl pyrrole followed by dearomative cyclization. A series of substituted indolizino[8,7‐b]indoles have been prepared with good yields and excellent regioselectivity.
Use of Nonhuman Primates in Periodontal Disease Research: Contribution of the Caribbean Primate Research Center and Cayo Santiago Rhesus Colony
Authors: Ebersole Jeffrey L. , Novak M. J. , Cappelli D. , Dawson D. R. , Gonzalez O. A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis review article provides a historical summary regarding the use, value, and validity of the nonhuman primate model of periodontal disease. The information provided cites results regarding the features of naturally occurring periodontitis in various nonhuman primate species, as well as the implementation of a model of experimental periodontitis. Clinical similarities to human disease are discussed, as well as the use of these models to document physiological and pathophysiological tissue changes in the periodontium related to the initiation and progression of the disease. Additionally, the use of these analytics in examination of the tissue characteristics of the disease, and the utility of nonhuman primates in testing and describing various therapeutic modalities are described. As periodontitis represents a disease of an oral microbiome dysbiosis, features of the altered microbiome in the disease in nonhuman primates are related to similar findings in the human condition. The review then provides a summary of the features of local and systemic host responses to a periodontal infection in an array of nonhuman primate species. This includes attributes of innate immunity, acute and chronic inflammation, and adaptive immune responses. Finally, extensive information is presented regarding the role of Macaca mulatta derived from the Cayo Santiago community in evaluating critical biologic details of disease initiation, progression, and resolution. This unique resource afforded the capacity to relate risk and expression of disease and traits of the responses to age, sex, and matriline derivation (e.g., heritability) of the animals. The Cayo Santiago colony continues to provide a critical preclinical model for assessment of molecular aspects of the disease process that can lead to both new targets for therapeutics and consideration of vaccine approaches to preventing and/or treating this global disease.