bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement and optimization of perioperative risk among patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer
Authors: Elliott Jessie A , Guinan Emer , Reynolds John V 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Esophagectomy is an exemplar of complex oncological surgery and is associated with a relatively high risk of major morbidity and mortality. In the modern era, where specific complications are targeted in prevention and treatment pathways, and where the principles of enhanced recovery after surgery are espoused, optimum outcomes are targeted via a number of approaches. These include comprehensive clinical and physiological risk assessment, specialist perioperative care by a high-volume team, and multimodal inputs throughout the patient journey that aim to preserve or restore nutritional deficits, muscle mass and function.
Identifying heterogeneous flexibility of dairy farms using a panel smooth transition regression approach
Authors: Letort Elodie , Femenia Fabienne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOur objective is to identify the individual flexibility of dairy farms, which may be the result of heterogeneous input adjustment costs, based on their observed short-run responses to price variations. For this purpose, we propose an analytical framework based on the panel smooth transition regression model with farm-specific threshold parameters. Our model is estimated using data from a sample of French dairy farms over the period 2007–2018. Our empirical results reveal heterogeneous levels of flexibility for these farms, with the most flexible farms appearing to be more autonomous both financially and in terms of animal feed.
Tainted Love: a Systematic Literature Review of Online Romance Scam Research
Authors: Bilz Alexander , Shepherd Lynsay A , Johnson Graham I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Romance scams involve cybercriminals engineering a romantic relationship on online dating platforms for monetary gain. It is a cruel form of cybercrime whereby victims are left heartbroken, often facing financial ruin. We characterize the literary landscape on romance scams, advancing the understanding of researchers and practitioners by systematically reviewing and synthesizing contemporary qualitative and quantitative evidence. The systematic review establishes influencing factors of victimhood and explores countermeasures for mitigating romance scams. We searched 10 scholarly databases and websites using terms related to romance scams. The methodology followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines: a total of 279 papers were screened. One hundred seven papers were assessed for eligibility, and 53 were included in the final analysis. Three main contributions were identified: common profile features and techniques used by romance scammers, countermeasures for mitigating romance scams and factors predisposing an individual to become a scammer or a victim. Despite a growing corpus of literature, the total number of empirical or experimental examinations remained limited. The paper concludes with avenues for future research and victimhood intervention strategies for practitioners, law enforcement and the industry.
Dietary supplementation with nano-composite of copper and carbon on growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant ability of yellow-feathered broilers
Authors: Liu Jing , Lin Shiying , Wu Shuqin , Lin Qingjie , Fan Zitao , Wang Changkang , Ye Dingcheng , Guo Pingting 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNew feed additives as antibiotics substitutes are in urgent need in poultry production. Nano-composite of copper and carbon (NCCC), a novel copper donor with stronger antibacterial properties, is expected to promote broiler growth and diminish the negative effects of excess copper (Cu). Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of NCCC on growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant ability of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 240 1-d-old male yellow-feathered broilers were selected and randomly divided into four groups, with five replications per group and 12 birds per replication. The CON group was fed corn-soybean basal diets, while the N50, N100, and N200 groups were supplemented with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of NCCC in basal diets, respectively. The trial lasted for 63 d. The results demonstrated that only 200 mg/kg NCCC addition significantly increased the Cu content in serum and feces, and liver Cu content linearly increased with NCCC dosage increment (P &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, NCCC supplementation did not alter the growth performance, slaughter performance, immune organ indexes, and liver antioxidant ability of broilers (P &gt; 0.05), but optimized the serum cytokine pattern by elevating the level of serum IL-10 (P &lt; 0.05), and there were linear and quadratic increases in serum IL-4 with NCCC dosage increment (P &lt; 0.05). On the whole, in spite of no impact on growth performance, 50 mg/kg NCCC was optimal to supplement in chicken diets due to the rise of serum IL-10 level and no extra environmental pollution and tissue residues.
“We Aren’t Meant to Go Through the Hardest Parts of Our Lives Alone”: Family Experience With Restricted PICU Presence During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lee Laurie A. , Foster Jennifer R. , Nikitovic Dejana , Garros Daniel , Ryan Molly J. , Moghadam Neda , Slumkoski Corey , Walls Martha , Curran Janet A. , Seabrook Jamie A. , Burgess Stacy , Betts Laura , Barclay Amanda , Choong Karen , Fontela Patricia , Murthy Srinivas , Nicoll Jessica , O’Hearn Katie , Sehgal Anupam , Tijssen Janice ,   for the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group
Published: October 2023

CONTEXT:
PICUs across Canada restricted family presence (RFP) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic from allowing two or more family members to often only one family member at the bedside. The objective of this study was to describe the experiences and impact of RFP on families of critically ill children to inform future policy and practice.

HYPOTHESIS:
RFP policies negatively impacted families of PICU patients and caused moral distress.

METHODS AND MODELS:
National, cross-sectional, online, self-administered survey. Family members of children admitted to a Canadian PICU between March 2020 and February 2021 were invited to complete the survey. RFP-attributable distress was measured with a modified distress thermometer (0–10). Closed-ended questions were reported with descriptive statistics and multivariable linear regression assessed factors associated with RFP-attributable distress. Open-ended questions were analyzed using inductive content analysis.

RESULTS:
Of 250 respondents who experienced RFP, 124 (49.6%) were restricted to one family member at the bedside. The median amount of distress that families attributed to RFP policies was 6 (range: 0–10). Families described isolation, removal of supports, and perception of trauma related to RFP. Most families (183, 73.2%) felt that policies were enforced in a way that made them feel valued by PICU clinicians, which was associated with less RFP-attributable distress. Differential impact was seen where families with lower household income indicated higher RFP-attributable distress score (2.35; 95% CI, 0.53–4.17; p = 0.03). Most respondents suggested that future policies should allow at least two family members at the bedside.

INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS:
Families of children admitted to PICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic described increased distress, trauma, and removal of supports due to RFP policies. Vulnerable families showed an increased odds of higher distress. Healthcare professionals played an important role in mitigating distress. Allowance of at least two family members at the bedside should be considered for future policy.
The First Alveolar Bone Graft Simulator
Authors: Shen Jerry , Fisher David M. , Yasabala Branavan , Wong Riff Karen W.Y. , Podolsky Dale J. 
Published: October 2023

Summary:
Alveolar bone graft (ABG) surgery in cleft patients is technically challenging. The procedure requires design, dissection and release of soft tissue flaps to create a seal around the bone graft. In addition, visualization during the procedure is challenging within the confines of the cleft. These features make ABG surgery difficult to learn and teach, and it is, therefore, a suitable procedure for the use of a simulator. A high-fidelity cleft ABG simulator was developed using three-dimensional printing, polymer, and adhesive techniques. Simulated ABG surgery was performed by two expert cleft surgeons for a total of five simulation sessions to test the simulator’s features and the ability to perform the critical steps of an ABG. ABG surgery was successfully performed on the simulator. The simulations involved interacting with realistic dissection planes as well as multi-layered synthetic soft (periosteum, mucosa, gingiva, adipose tissue) and hard (teeth, bone) tissue. The simulator allowed performance of cleft marginal incisions, dissection, and elevation of a muco-gingival-periosteal flap, creation of nasal upturned and palatal downturned flaps, nasal and palatal side closure, insertion of simulated bone graft material, and advancement of the muco-gingival-periosteal flap for closure of the anterior wall of the cleft. The ABG simulator allowed performance of the critical steps of ABG surgery. This is the first ABG simulator developed, which incorporates the features necessary to practice the procedure from start to finish.
Adherence to pharmacotherapy: sine qua non for reducing cumulative risk of premature coronary disease in familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Pang Jing , Sanfilippo Frank M. , Chan Dick C. , Watts Gerald F. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a dominant and highly penetrant monogenic disorder present from birth that markedly elevates plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentration and, if untreated, leads to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The risk of ASCVD can be substantially reduced with lipid-lowering treatment (LLT). However, adherence to LLT remains a major challenge in FH patients and an under-recognized issue. We review several barriers to treatment adherence and implementation strategies for improving adherence in patients with FH.

Recent findings
Barriers that negatively affect patient adherence to treatment include the misunderstanding of perceived and actual risk of FH and the benefits of LLT, inadequate knowledge, lack of standardization of treatment, insufficient monitoring of LDL-cholesterol level, and inequalities in healthcare resources. Education of patients, carers and healthcare providers, guideline-directed treatment goals, regular monitoring, medication regimen simplification and greater access to established and new drugs are crucial enablers for improving adherence to treatment. However, given FH is present from birth, strategies for life-long adherence from childhood or young adulthood is critically important and requires further study. To be effective, strategies should be multifaceted, targeted and patient-centred involving a multidisciplinary-team with support from family, communities and peer groups.

Summary
FH confers a significant risk for ASCVD from a young age. Achieving better medication adherence is foundational for improving clinical outcomes and reducing the burden of atherosclerosis over a lifetime. Identification of key barriers and enablers are critical for implementing better adherence to treatment across the life-course of patients with FH.
Assessment of infant gonadal dose irradiated from urine-contaminated diapers during diuretic renal scintigraphy
Authors: Lu Yonggang , Kumbhar Sachin , Liu Yu , Vo Nghia (Jack) , Lu Jerry , Baker Marjorie , Qi Jing 
Published: October 2023

Objective
To estimate the gonadal doses irradiated from urine- contaminated diapers during diuretic renal scintigraphy.

Methods
Images of 31 patients (18 males and 13 females) with urine-contaminated diapers during 99mTc-MAG3 renal scintigraphy were analyzed. The count rate of the diapers was converted into a time-activity curve based on the calibrated factor of the gamma camera system. The cumulative activity was determined from the area under the curve. By incorporating dose per unit cumulative activity pre-calculated from Monte Carlo simulation with 0-year phantom, the gonadal dose irradiated from diaper was calculated. To assess the degree of this additionally introduced dose from diapers, the calculated gonadal dose was compared to the internal gonadal dose from injected radiotracer activity.

Results
The cumulative activities irradiated from urine-contaminated diapers were 1.12 E04 ± 1.29E04 MBq.s in male infants, which was nearly half of the 1.94 E04 ± 1.80E04 MBq.s (P = 0.15) in female infants. However, the absorbed doses for testes in male infants were 7.37E-01 ± 8.50E-01 mGy, which was approximately 10 times the 6.38E-02 ± 5.94E-02 mGy for ovaries in female infants (P < 0.01). The diaper-introduced dose for testes and ovaries was 91.7% and 3.9% of the gonadal doses from the injected activity in patients with normal renal function, and 99.0% and 4.3% of those in patients with abnormal renal function.

Conclusion
Urine-contaminated diapers introduced additional radiation doses to infant patients during 99mTc-MAG3 renal scintigraphy. The gonadal doses were of significance in male infants who had nearly double the absorbed dose for the testes.
Vortex-assisted resin y90 delivery via 175 cm Truselect microcatheter: case factors for high residual despite double-flush protocol
Authors: Sag Alan Alper , Agritelley Ethan , Ronald James , Young Shamar J. , Kim Charles Y. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
To report efficiency of resin y90 delivery using SIROS via 175 cm TruSelect microcatheter with double-flush protocol (40 ml dextrose total).

Methods
IRB-approved retrospective review of all patients undergoing SIROS injection of y90 Sir-Spheres via TruSelect from 2019 through 2022 at one quaternary-care academic institution, including medical records.

Results
Included were 48 infusions in 25 patients across 11 cancer histologies. Mean planned, delivered, and residual activities were 28 ± 17, 27 ± 17, 1.1 ± 0.56 mCi respectively (mean residual 4.9% ± 2.8%) across flex-dosing precalibrations including 1-day, 2-day, and 3-day SIROS (4/51, 16/51, and 28/51). Mean liver treatment volume was 483 ± 306 ml with target dose mean of 128 ± 26 Gy in non-segmentectomy cases; Radiation segmentectomy was performed in 15/48 (31%). Arterial stasis was documented in 9/48 (19%) of cases. Use of a 3-day precalibrated SIROS dose, use of activity <10 mCi, treatment of smaller liver volumes (<200 ml) and documentation of stasis were associated with higher residual activity (P = 0.025, P = 0.0007, P = 0.0177, and P = 0.049, respectively) were associated with higher residuals.

Conclusion
Combining the new technologies of SIROS and the Truselect microcatheter with a double-flush protocol yielded <10% residual in 94% of y90 infusions. Future studies may clarify if the predictors of high residual dose seen here may warrant microcatheter-specific considerations for dosimetry or dose preparation at the Radiopharmacy level.
Sigmoid colon cancer presenting as a left inguinal hernia: a case report
Authors: Al Mohtasib Mohammad E. , Emar Mohammad N. , Al-jabari Anan I. , Aljabari Taima M. , Karajeh Islam H. , Al Jawabrah Qutaiba Y. , Dghaish Raghad M. , Jubran Fahmi , Ruzayqat Shadi 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Inguinal hernias are common and typically include a portion of abdominal organs. However, there have been reports of additional peculiar content.

Case presentation:
The authors present the case of a 68-year-old man with sigmoid colon cancer presenting as a left inguinal hernia.

Discussion:
Colorectal cancer is a unique component that can be identified within inguinal hernias and is a prevalent problem among affected individuals because such a presentation is unusual.

Conclusion:
Surgeons should be aware of this risk when operating on inguinal hernias in order to prevent ineffective care. The best course of action may be appropriate exploration and oncological excision when underlying colon cancer is suspected after a hernial procedure.
Disseminated cysticercosis with tongue involvement: a rare case report from Nepal
Authors: Poudel Bipin , Shrestha Shubham , Bhattarai Bishuddha , Khatri Bishal , Acharya Anusha , Maharjan Bunu , Pandey Rabindra R. , Batajoo Ashim , Khadka Kishor , Thapa Suman , Koirala Janak ,   ABIM board certification in Internal Medicine (1996); ABIM board certification in Infectious Diseases (1999)
Published: October 2023

Introduction and importance:
Cysticercosis is a condition in which humans are infected by the larval form of the pork tapeworm Tenia solium. Cysticercosis in humans is common in the cerebral tissue but rare in the tongue.

Case presentation:
Here, the authors report a rare case of a 38-year-old male with neurocysticercosis and cysticercosis of the tongue. The patient presented with a complaint of loss of consciousness for 4–5 min. Local examination of his oral cavity revealed a swelling of ~2×2 cm on the tongue. An MRI of the brain showed various stages of neurocysticercosis involving the neuroparenchyma and tongue. For this, he was started on low-dose prednisolone of 50 mg tapered over 6 weeks and levetiracetam of 500 mg BD continued for his seizure episodes. He is responding well with the medications and is planned to start antiparasitic agent only after the perilesional edema decreases.

Clinical discussion:
Cysticercosis may involve the central nervous system, muscle, heart, lungs, peritoneum, eye, and subcutaneous tissue. Oral cavity and perioral involvement by cysticercous larva is rare in humans. Radiologic imaging, serology, and tissue biopsy can be used to confirm a diagnosis of cysticercosis. The most common locations for oral cysticercosis are the tongue, buccal mucosa, lower lip, and upper lip.
Only 102 cases of oral cysticercosis have been reported based on a PubMed English-language literature search.

Conclusion:
Oral cysticercosis is a rare event, and it represents a difficulty in clinical diagnosis. But a patient with a mass in the tongue should be considered as a possible case of cysticercosis especially in endemic regions like Nepal.
A decade in focus: mixed germ cell tumors with choriocarcinoma components
Authors: Al-Khayal Abdullah , Noureldin Yasser , Alghafees Mohammad , Shafqat Areez , Sabbah Belal Nedal , Elhossiny Asem H. , Bakir Mohamad , Omar Mohammed Ali , Arabi Tarek Ziad , Abdul Rab Saleha , Alsaikhan Bader , Aldhalaan Reema , Alquirnas Muhannad , Alrabeeah Khalid 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
This 10-year registry review aimed to investigate the clinical behaviour and outcomes of mixed germ cell tumours with choriocarcinoma components, a rare and aggressive subtype of testicular cancer, in Saudi Arabia. The study explores the demographic characteristics of affected patients, tumour profiles, and the mortality rate associated with this malignancy.

Methods:
Utilizing data from the Saudi Cancer Registry, the authors identified 33 cases of mixed germ cell tumours with choriocarcinoma components among 1001 testicular cancer cases recorded between 2008 and 2017. Demographic information, including age, marital status, region of residency, year of diagnosis, and 10-year survival status, were collected. Tumour factors, such as the basis of diagnosis, origin site, behaviour, grade, extension, and laterality, were also analyzed.

Results:
The majority of cases (78.8%) occurred in the young age group (18–45 years), and most tumours (97%) originated in normally descended testes. Grade IV (undifferentiated anaplastic) tumours and distant metastasis were present in 45.5% of patients. All cases exhibited malignant tumour behaviour. The overall mortality rate was 15%, with a mean time from diagnosis to death of 7.72 months (range: 0.5–21.5 months).

Conclusion:
Mixed germ cell tumours with choriocarcinoma components are rare and tend to affect younger populations. These tumours demonstrate aggressive clinical behaviour, with a significant proportion presenting with high-grade lesions and metastasis at diagnosis. The observed mortality rate underscores the poor prognosis associated with this malignancy. Our study provides essential insights into the clinical characteristics of this rare tumour subtype in the Saudi Arabian population, emphasizing the need for further research to identify prognostic factors and optimize management strategies for affected patients.
Guillain–Barré syndrome following varicella–zoster virus infection: a case report and systematic review
Authors: Nerabani Yaman , Atli Abd Alazeez , Hamdan Ola , Hajjar Mwaffak Abdulkader , haj Hammadh Noor al hoda , Marstawi Hiba , Hora Soma , Alabd Nouri 
Published: October 2023

Background:Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory disease of the peripheral nervous system, rarely following Varicella–zoster virus (VZV) infection. The authors aimed to review all cases in the English literature of GBS that occurred after primary VZV infection to investigate the clinical features, diagnostic workup, treatment, and outcome of patients with GBS following VZV.Methods:PubMed, Scopus, and Embase are systematically searched from their inception to 9 May 2022 to collect all cases of GBS following varicella–zoster infection. Patients with GBS following VZV reactivation were excluded.Results:Among the 29 patients, the age of presentation ranged from 1.5 to 70 years with a median of 37, with a yield for males (81.5%). Most of the patients presented with sensory-motor symptoms (65.4%) and suffered from tetraparesis (81.5%). Cranial nerve palsy was present in (84%) of patients, and the seventh cranial nerve was the most commonly affected nerve (75%). Lumbar puncture showed albuminocytological dissociation in (80%) of patients. The dominant nerve conduction study subtype was acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (65.3%). in addition, the magnetic resonance imaging showed pathological findings in only (47.5%) of the patients. Intravenous immunoglobulin is now the drug of choice for all cases of GBS following VZV infection.Conclusion:GBS is a rare neurological complication of primary infection with VZV. However, the authors should suspect this syndrome when a patient develops ascending weakness, regardless of the absence of areflexia and albuminocytological dissociation. Drug therapy with IIVIg ensures a gradual improvement for the patient over a period of weeks to several months.