bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperthermic shift and cell engineering increase small extracellular vesicle production in HEK293F cells
Authors: Keysberg Christoph , Hertel Oliver , Hoffrogge Raimund , Reich Sibylle , Hornung Nadine , Holzmann Karlheinz , Otte Kerstin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have promising features as an emerging therapeutic format for a broad spectrum of applications, for example, blood–brain‐barrier permeability, low immunogenicity, and targeted delivery, economic manufacturability will be a crucial factor for the therapeutic applicability of sEVs. In the past, bioprocess optimization and cell line engineering improved titers of classical biologics multifold. We therefore performed a design of experiments (DoE) screening to identify beneficial bioprocess conditions for sEV production in HEK293F suspension cells. Short‐term hyperthermia at 40°C elevated volumetric productivity 5.4‐fold while sEVs displayed improved exosomal characteristics and cells retained >90% viability. Investigating the effects of hyperthermia via transcriptomics and proteomics analyses, an expectable, cellular heat‐shock response was found together with an upregulation of many exosome biogenesis and vesicle trafficking related molecules, which could cause the productivity boost in tandem with heat shock proteins (HSPs), like HSP90 and HSC70. Because of these findings, a selection of 44 genes associated with exosome biogenesis, vesicle secretion machinery, or heat‐shock response was screened for their influence on sEV production. Overexpression of six genes, CHMP1A, CHMP3, CHMP5, VPS28, CD82, and EZR, significantly increased both sEV secretion and titer, making them suitable targets for cell line engineering.
An ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of methotrexate and 7‐hydroxy‐methotrexate and application for therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Huo Jiping , Zhang Bo , Zhang Dongjie , Zhu Bin , Zhao Zhigang , Mei Shenghui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA method using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was developed, validated, and applied to simultaneously determine plasma methotrexate (MTX) and 7‐hydroxy‐methotrexate (7‐OH‐MTX) in 117 patients with central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. The ion transitions utilized were m/z 455.2 > 308.2 for MTX and m/z 471.2 > 324.1 for 7‐OH‐MTX. Samples were prepared through protein precipitation using methanol. Chromatographic separation was achieved within 3.0 min on a CMS9030 column (Ruixi, 2.1 × 50 mm, 3 μm) through a gradient elution of methanol and a 10% ammonium acetate solution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The method demonstrated linearity in the concentration range of 0.05–10 μM for MTX and 0.25–50 μM for 7‐OH‐MTX. The intra‐ and inter‐day inaccuracy ranged from –7.38% to 7.83%, and the imprecision was less than 6.00% for both analytes. The recovery and matrix effect normalized by the internal standard (MTX‐D3) remained consistent. Both analytes remained stable under nine different storage conditions. In patients with CNS lymphoma, MTX levels at 12 h and 7‐OH‐MTX levels at 12, 36, and 60 h after dosing in individuals with impaired renal function were significantly higher compared with those with normal renal function. 7‐OH‐MTX could potentially serve as a superior indicator for nephrotoxicity compared with MTX.
Development and Validation of a Fluorogenic Probe for Lysosomal Zinc Release
Authors: Shukla Adarash Kumar , Mahale Ashutosh , Choudhary Savita , Sharma Pravesh , Kulkarni Onkar Prakash , Bhattacharya Anupam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractZinc homeostasis, which allows optimal zinc utilization in diverse life processes, is responsible for the general well‐being of human beings. This paper describes developing and validating an easily accessible indole‐containing zinc‐specific probe in the cellular milieu. The probe was synthesized from readily available starting materials and was subjected to steady‐state fluorescence studies. It showed selective sensing behavior towards Zn2+ with reversible binding. The suppression of PET (Photoinduced Electron Transfer) and ESIPT (Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer) elicited selectivity, and the detection limit was 0.63 μM (LOQ 6.8 μM). The zinc sensing capability of the probe was also screened in the presence of low molecular weight ligands [LMWLs] and showed interference only with GSH and ATP. It is non‐toxic and can detect zinc in different cell lines under various stress conditions such as inflammation, hyperglycemia, and apoptosis. The probe could stain the early and late stages of apoptosis in PAN‐2 cells by monitoring the zinc release. Most experiments were conducted without external zinc supplementation, showing its innate ability to detect zinc.
Chronic constipation and acute small bowel obstruction due to small bowel encapsulation: A case report
Authors: Hajimirzaei Seyed Hossein , Abbasi Maryam , Alamdari Nasser Malekpour , Besharat Sara , Farsi Yeganeh , Gharib Atoosa , Seyyedi Mahdiyeh Sadat 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessagePeritoneal encapsulation is most of the time asymptomatic and is found incidentally, but when symptomatic it usually presents with bowel obstruction. CT scan is a gold standard for the diagnosis of bowel encapsulation.AbstractCongenital peritoneal encapsulation (CPE), abdominal cocoon syndrome (ACS), and sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) are syndromes in which the small bowel is encapsulated. Small bowel encapsulation is usually asymptomatic and rarely presents with small bowel obstruction. In this article, we report a 65‐year‐old man who presented to our hospital with signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction. He underwent an urgent operation, and small bowel encapsulation was diagnosed. One year after the surgery, all symptoms improved.
Polymorphism‐driven Distinct Nanomechanical, Optical, Photophysical, and Conducting Properties in a Benzothiophene‐quinoline
Authors: Bejoymohandas K. S. , Redhu Ashish , Sharma Chithra H. , SeethaLekshmi Sunil , Divya I. S. , Kiran M. S. R. N. , Thalakulam Madhu , Monti Filippo , Nair Rajesh V. , Varughese Sunil 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPolymorphic forms of organic conjugated small molecules, with their unique molecular shapes, packing arrangements, and interaction patterns, provide an excellent opportunity to uncover how their microstructures influence their observable properties. Ethyl‐2‐(1‐benzothiophene‐2‐yl)quinoline‐4‐carboxylate (BZQ) exists as dimorphs with distinct crystal habits – blocks (BZB) and needles (BZN). The crystal forms differ in their molecular arrangements – BZB has a slip‐stacked column‐like structure in contrast to a zig‐zag crystal packing with limited π‐overlap in BZN. The BZB crystals characterized by extended π‐stacking along [100] demonstrated semiconductor behavior, whereas the BZN, with its zig‐zag crystal packing and limited stacking characteristics, was reckoned as an insulator. Monotropically related crystal forms also differ in their nanomechanical properties, with BZB crystals being considerably softer than BZN crystals. This discrepancy in mechanical behavior can be attributed to the distinct molecular arrangements adopted by each crystal form, resulting in unique mechanisms to relieve the strain generated during nanoindentation experiments. Waveguiding experiments on the acicular crystals of BZN revealed the passive waveguiding properties. Excitation of these crystals using a 532 nm laser confirmed the propagation of elastically scattered photons (green) and the subsequent generation of inelastically scattered (orange) photons by the crystals. Further, the dimorphs display dissimilar photoluminescence properties; they are both blue‐emissive, but BZN displays twice the quantum yield of BZB. The study underscores the integral role of polymorphism in modulating the mechanical, photophysical, and conducting properties of functional molecular materials. Importantly, our findings reveal the existence of light‐emitting crystal polymorphs with varying electric conductivity, a relatively scarce phenomenon in the literature.
Association between tongue pressure and oral status and activities of daily living in stroke patients admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation unit
Authors: Ninomiya Shizuka , Fujii Wataru , Matsumoto Erika , Yamaguchi Kiichiro , Hiratsuka Masao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundClarifying how tongue pressure in convalescent stroke patients affects oral condition and activities of daily living (ADL) is important for developing oral rehabilitation programs and for rehabilitation care to reacquire ADL.ObjectiveTo clarify how tongue pressure is associated with oral status, ADL, and nutritional status in stroke patients.MethodsSixty‐eight patients aged 77.9 ± 10.0 years participated. The Japanese version of the Oral Health Assessment Tool was used to evaluate oral status. Data such as the ADL index functional independence measure (FIM), nutritional intake method, serum albumin, and body mass index were extracted from medical records. To examine factors associated with tongue pressure, multiple regression analysis was performed adjusting for confounding factors. The level of statistical significance was set at p < .05.ResultsIn recovery phase stroke patients, tongue pressure was significantly lower in the total assistance group than in the partial assistance/independent group. In addition, tongue pressure was significantly lower in tube feeding patients than in oral feeding patients. FIM cognition score was an independent factor that had a significant effect on tongue pressure.ConclusionThese findings suggest that ADL status also affects tongue pressure, thus patients' ADL including the FIM cognition subscale should also be evaluated while measuring tongue pressure.
Low cost and high performance double‐node upset resilient latch for low orbit space applications
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Mukherjee Atin 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis paper proposes a double‐node upset complete resilient (DNUCR) latch to meet the requirements of low orbit space applications for high robustness, cost‐effectiveness, and high performance. With the help of its interlocked loops with multiple feedbacks consisting of C‐elements (CE), input splitting CEs, 1P‐2N and 2P‐1N elements, and inverters, the proposed DNUCR latch preserves the original data even after the radiation incident. Error injection simulations in Synopsys HSPICE show that the proposed DNUCR latch recovers from all DNUs and can withstand large amount of injected charge. The simulation outcomes further show that the proposed DNUCR latch outperforms existing DNU‐resilient latches in terms of delay, power consumption, and power–delay–area product (PDAP), with an average of 48% reduction in delay, 22% savings in power, and 60% reduction in PDAP. The proposed DNUCR latch is also found to be the best among the existing radiation‐hardened latches in terms of charge‐to‐PDAP ratio.
Mismatch error compensation of hybrid CS‐DAC to achieve high figure of merit utilizing on‐chip self‐healing assisted swap‐enabled randomization technique
Authors: Samanta Smrutilekha , Sarkar Santanu 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe process and design variations during fabrication generate random mismatch‐induced nonlinearities in Current steering DACs (CS‐DACs), which are the main reason for performance degradation. Considering this, a mismatch error compensation method is highly desirable to boost both static and dynamic performances for the wide‐band CS‐DACs. To address this issue, an on‐chip self‐healing assisted swap‐enabled randomization technique (SASR) is proposed in this work for the Nyquist band CS‐DAC structures. This paper presents a robust hybrid CS‐DAC architecture to enhance both static and dynamic performances. The partial self‐healing method measures and recovers the mismatch current of the current cells. Further, to reduce the mismatch‐based nonlinear distortions, swap‐enabled randomization technique is adopted. This enhances the high‐frequency spurious‐free dynamic range (SFDR) values by mitigating inter and intra‐segment mismatch errors. A higher figure of merit (FoM) is obtained for 10‐bit CS‐DAC architecture utilizing the proposed SASR technique compared with state‐of‐the‐art DACs, which indicates the suitability for higher precision and high‐speed CS‐DAC structures.
Understanding temporal variability across trophic levels and spatial scales in freshwater ecosystems
Authors: Siqueira Tadeu , Hawkins Charles P. , Olden Julian D. , Tonkin Jonathan , Comte Lise , Saito Victor S. , Anderson Thomas L. , Barbosa Gedimar P. , Bonada Núria , Bonecker Claudia C. , Cañedo‐Argüelles Miguel , Datry Thibault , Flinn Michael B. , Fortuño Pau , Gerrish Gretchen A. , Haase Peter , Hill Matthew J. , Hood James M. , Huttunen Kaisa‐Leena , Jeffries Michael J. , Muotka Timo , O'Donnell Daniel R. , Paavola Riku , Paril Petr , Paterson Michael J. , Patrick Christopher J. , Perbiche‐Neves Gilmar , Rodrigues Luzia C. , Schneider Susanne C. , Straka Michal , Ruhi Albert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA tenet of ecology is that temporal variability in ecological structure and processes tends to decrease with increasing spatial scales (from locales to regions) and levels of biological organization (from populations to communities). However, patterns in temporal variability across trophic levels and the mechanisms that produce them remain poorly understood. Here we analyzed the abundance time series of spatially structured communities (i.e., metacommunities) spanning basal resources to top predators from 355 freshwater sites across three continents. Specifically, we used a hierarchical partitioning method to disentangle the propagation of temporal variability in abundance across spatial scales and trophic levels. We then used structural equation modeling to determine if the strength and direction of relationships between temporal variability, synchrony, biodiversity, and environmental and spatial settings depended on trophic level and spatial scale. We found that temporal variability in abundance decreased from producers to tertiary consumers but did so mainly at the local scale. Species population synchrony within sites increased with trophic level, whereas synchrony among communities decreased. At the local scale, temporal variability in precipitation and species diversity were associated with population variability (linear partial coefficient, β = 0.23) and population synchrony (β = −0.39) similarly across trophic levels, respectively. At the regional scale, community synchrony was not related to climatic or spatial predictors, but the strength of relationships between metacommunity variability and community synchrony decreased systematically from top predators (β = 0.73) to secondary consumers (β = 0.54), to primary consumers (β = 0.30) to producers (β = 0). Our results suggest that mobile predators may often stabilize metacommunities by buffering variability that originates at the base of food webs. This finding illustrates that the trophic structure of metacommunities, which integrates variation in organismal body size and its correlates, should be considered when investigating ecological stability in natural systems. More broadly, our work advances the notion that temporal stability is an emergent property of ecosystems that may be threatened in complex ways by biodiversity loss and habitat fragmentation.
Grassland sensitivity to drought is related to functional composition across East Asia and North America
Authors: Song Lin , Griffin‐Nolan Robert J. , Muraina Taofeek O. , Chen Jiaqi , Te Niwu , Shi Yuan , Whitney Kenneth D. , Zhang Bingchuan , Yu Qiang , Smith Melinda D. , Zuo Xiaoan , Wang Zhengwen , Knapp Alan K. , Han Xingguo , Collins Scott L. , Luo Wentao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPlant traits can be helpful for understanding grassland ecosystem responses to climate extremes, such as severe drought. However, intercontinental comparisons of how drought affects plant functional traits and ecosystem functioning are rare. The Extreme Drought in Grasslands experiment (EDGE) was established across the major grassland types in East Asia and North America (six sites on each continent) to measure variability in grassland ecosystem sensitivity to extreme, prolonged drought. At all sites, we quantified community‐weighted mean functional composition and functional diversity of two leaf economic traits, specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content, in response to drought. We found that experimental drought significantly increased community‐weighted means of specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content at all North American sites and at the wetter East Asian sites, but drought decreased community‐weighted means of these traits at moderate to dry East Asian sites. Drought significantly decreased functional richness but increased functional evenness and dispersion at most East Asian and North American sites. Ecosystem drought sensitivity (percentage reduction in aboveground net primary productivity) positively correlated with community‐weighted means of specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content and negatively correlated with functional diversity (i.e., richness) on an intercontinental scale, but results differed within regions. These findings highlight both broad generalities but also unique responses to drought of community‐weighted trait means as well as their functional diversity across grassland ecosystems.
Determination in the efficiency of the use of essential oils of oregano and hop as antioxidants in deep frying processes
Authors: López Paloma Lucía , Juncos Nicolle Stefani , Grosso Nelson Rubén , Olmedo Rubén Horacio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim is to evaluate the antioxidant efficiency of oregano essential oils (OEOs) and hops essential oils (HEOs) in a deep frying process of high‐oleic peanuts in high‐oleic peanut oil. There is no information available regarding the antioxidant behavior in deep frying. A combined vegetable oil/food system with high levels of lipids is susceptible to oxidation. High‐oleic peanut oil and high‐oleic peanuts are susceptible to oxidation involved in frying. The antioxidant effect of HEO and OEO was proved in frying peanut process (170°C) in peanut oil enriched at 0.02% p/p and compared with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (0.02%) and control (without additives) during 8 h. Chemical oxidation indicators and volatile compounds were measured. 2,5‐Dimethylpyrazine (2,5‐DMP) and descriptive sensory analysis were measured in fried peanuts. High‐oleic peanut and oil are very stable in a frying process. OEOs and HEOs protected against the deterioration of the high‐oleic peanut oil: Peroxide value was 3.7, 2.8, 3.1, and 1.3 meq O2 kg−1 for control, BHT, HOP, and OEO, respectively. The addition of essential oils (EO) maintained the 2,5‐DMP in the fried peanuts. The use of EO of oregano and hop improves the stability of high‐oleic frying oil.Practical Applications: Deep frying processes generate the deterioration of the vegetable oils used for cooking food. This deterioration reduces the shelf life of the frying oil and the quality of the food, even generating compounds that are toxic to the health of consumers. Antioxidants are used as measures that can help to reduce spoilage, but synthetics are being questioned. Natural products offer an alternative and essential oils, due to their high hydrophobic interaction with the oils, generate a strong interaction, remaining in the frying oil for its protection even at high‐temperature thermal processes. This alternative is a possibility because of the protection it generates in the deep frying process.
Pattern unlocking guided multi‐modal continuous authentication for smartphone with multi‐branch context‐aware representation learning and auto encoder
Authors: Yao Muyan , Jin Zuodong , Gao Ruipeng , Qi Peng , Tao Dan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWidely accepted explicit authentication protocols are vulnerable to a series of attacks, for example, shoulder surfing and smudge attacks, leaving users with the constant burden of periodic password changes. As such, we propose a novel framework for continuous authentication on smartphones. This approach is guided by pattern unlocking, which is widely used and will not cause learning cost. After collecting multi‐modal data that describe both behavioral and contextual information, we employ a multi‐branch context‐aware attention network as the representation learner to perform feature extraction, then an auto encoder is then used for authentication. To overcome challenges, including cold‐start and few‐shot training, which is less discussed in other works, we incorporate transfer learning with a coarse‐to‐fine pre‐training workflow. Additionally, we deploy a hierarchical approach to offload model tuning overhead from smartphones. Extensive experiments on more than 68 000 real‐world recordings validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, with an EER (equal error rate) of 2.472% under mixed contexts, which consistently outperforms state‐of‐the‐art approaches under both static and mixed contexts.
Evaluation of rheological, textural, and sensory characteristics of optimized vegan rice puddings prepared by various plant‐based milks
Authors: Karimidastjerd Atefeh , Gulsunoglu‐Konuskan Zehra , Olum Emine , Toker Omer Said 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNowadays, plant‐based milks are being considered as an alternative to dairy milk due to their advantages, such as sustainability, reduced allergenicity, health benefits, and lactose‐free nature. Plant‐based milks are widely used in the preparation of desserts, cheese‐like products, and beverages, among other applications. The aim of the present study was to formulate vegan rice puddings using various commercially available plant‐based milks as a sustainable alternative to dairy milk. For this aim, central composition design was applied to optimize the key processing parameters of the Thermomix®, including temperature (80–90°C), time (6–14 min), and the amount of rice flour (6–10%, w/v), using response surface methodology (RSM). According to the RSM results, the optimum conditions were found to be 90°C for 12.5 min with 6.5% rice flour, as they exhibited minimal phase separation and similar rheological and textural properties to dairy rice pudding. Soya milk pudding had the highest hardness value among the other plant‐based milk puddings, and whole fat milk, soya, oat, coconut, and cow's milks showed the best gel unity, according to the cohesiveness results. Phase separation, an important parameter for storage stability, was not observed during 7‐day storage at 4°C in all groups, except for pistachio milk rice pudding. Rheological results demonstrated that all vegan pudding samples exhibited a gel‐like structure with storage modulus (G′) exceeding loss modulus (G″) values. According to the descriptive sensory evaluation, coconut, oat, and soya milk rice puddings received the highest scores in overall acceptability. Our findings suggest that industrial plant‐based rice puddings have great potential as a novel product that meets the dietary needs of the vegan community by offering acceptable flavor and texture.