bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YTHDC1 inhibits osteoclast differentiation to alleviate osteoporosis by enhancing PTPN6 messenger RNA stability in an m6A-hUR–dependent manner
Authors: Zhang Meijie , Guan Jiaxin , Yu Simiao , Zhang Yimeng , Cheng Luyang , Zhang Yina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
YTHDC1 has been confirmed to mediate osteoporosis (OP) progression by regulating osteogenic differentiation. However, whether YTHDC1 mediates osteoclast differentiation and its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the levels of YTHDC1, PTPN6, NFATc1, TRAP, RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase, and HUR. YTHDC1 knockout mice was constructed by CRISPR/Cas9 system, and the OP mice model was established by ovariectomy. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and micro-computed tomography were used to evaluate bone formation and bone mass. Mouse primary bone marrow macrophage cells were isolated and induced into osteoclasts. TRAP-positive cells were detected using TRAP staining. MeRIP-qPCR, RIP-qPCR assay, RNA affinity isolation assay, and co-immunoprecipitation assay were used to confirm the interactions among YTHDC1, PTPN6, and HUR. YTHDC1 expression was reduced and positively correlated with lumbar bone mineral density in OP patients. In the ovariectomy model of YTHDC1 knockout mice, bone formation was reduced, bone histomorphology was changed, and osteoclastic-related factor (NFATc1 and TRAP) levels were enhanced. Overexpression YTHDC1 inhibited osteoclast differentiation. YTHDC1 increased PTPN6 messenger RNA stability in an m6A-dependent manner. Moreover, YTHDC1 interacted with HUR to positively regulate PTPN6 expression. PTPN6 knockdown promoted osteoclast differentiation, and this effect was reversed by overexpressing HUR or YTHDC1. YTHDC1 was involved in regulating OP progression through inhibiting osteoclast differentiation by enhancing PTPN6 messenger RNA stability in an m6A-HUR–dependent manner.
Advanced Practice Providers in Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Authors: Toia Jacquie , Murtagh Katie , Heald Lynn , Leake Katelyn , Jhaveri Ravi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) are a rapidly growing segment of the pediatric infectious diseases workforce. APPs offer many advantages to divisions that are struggling to counter a smaller fellowship applicant pool and faculty workforce transitions as a result of the pandemic. Many divisions still have yet to incorporate APPs into their inpatient or outpatient teams. This review will discuss the diverse pool of APPs, summarize how APPs are currently being used in the field, discuss the financial considerations of hiring APPs, and highlight future needs for embracing APPs as critical members of the pediatric ID workforce.
A biomarker framework for liver aging: the Aging Biomarker Consortium consensus statement
Authors:   Aging Biomarker Consortium, Jiang Mengmeng , Zheng Zhuozhao , Wang Xuan , Chen Yanhao , Qu Jing , Ding Qiurong , Zhang Weiqi , Liu You-Shuo , Yang Jichun , Tang Weiqing , Hou Yunlong , He Jinhan , Wang Lin , Huang Pengyu , Li Lin-Chen , He Zhiying , Gao Qiang , Lu Qian , Wei Lai , Wang Yan-Jiang , Ju Zhenyu , Fan Jian-Gao , Ruan Xiong Zhong , Guan Youfei , Liu Guang-Hui , Pei Gang , Li Jian , Wang Yunfang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In human aging, liver aging per se not only increases susceptibility to liver diseases but also increases vulnerability of other organs given its central role in regulating metabolism. Total liver function tends to be well maintained in the healthy elderly, so liver aging is generally difficult to identify early. In response to this critical challenge, the Aging Biomarker Consortium of China has formulated an expert consensus on biomarkers of liver aging by synthesizing the latest scientific literature, comprising insights from both scientists and clinicians. This consensus provides a comprehensive assessment of biomarkers associated with liver aging and presents a systematic framework to characterize these into three dimensions: functional, imaging, and humoral. For the functional domain, we highlight biomarkers associated with cholesterol metabolism and liver-related coagulation function. For the imaging domain, we note that hepatic steatosis and liver blood flow can serve as measurable biomarkers for liver aging. Finally, in the humoral domain, we pinpoint hepatokines and enzymatic alterations worthy of attention. The aim of this expert consensus is to establish a foundation for assessing the extent of liver aging and identify early signs of liver aging-related diseases, thereby improving liver health and the healthy life expectancy of the elderly population.
The density of the Milky Way’s corona atz≈ 1.6 through ram pressure stripping of the Draco dSph galaxy
Authors: Grønnow Asger , Fraternali Filippo , Marinacci Federico , Pezzulli Gabriele , Tolstoy Eline , Helmi Amina , Brown Anthony G A 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTSatellite galaxies within the Milky Way’s (MW's) virial radius Rvir are typically devoid of cold gas due to ram pressure stripping by the MW’s corona. The density of this corona is poorly constrained today and essentially unconstrained in the past, but can be estimated using ram pressure stripping. In this paper, we probe the MW's corona at z ≈ 1.6 using the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy. We assume that (i) Draco’s orbit is determined by its interaction with the MW, whose dark matter halo we evolve in time following cosmologically motivated prescriptions, (ii) Draco’s star formation was quenched by ram pressure stripping and (iii) the MW’s corona is approximately smooth, spherical, and in hydrostatic equilibrium. We used Gaia proper motions to set the initial conditions and Draco’s star formation history to estimate its past gas content. We found indications that Draco was stripped of its gas during the first pericentric passage. Using 3D hydrodynamical simulations at a resolution that enables us to resolve individual supernovae and assuming no tidal stripping, which we estimate to be a minor effect, we find a density of the MW corona ≥8 × 10−4 cm−3 at a radius ≈0.72Rvir. This provides evidence that the MW’s corona was already in place at z ≈ 1.6 and with a higher density than today. If isothermal, this corona would have contained all the baryons expected by the cosmological baryon fraction. Extrapolating to today shows good agreement with literature constraints if feedback has removed ≲30 per cent of baryons accreted on to the halo.
The ORFIUS complex regulates ORC2 localization at replication origins
Authors: Yang Zelei , Mogre Saie , He Ruiyang , Berdan Emma L , Ho Sui Shannan J , Hill Sarah J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is a lethal malignancy with elevated replication stress (RS) levels and defective RS and RS-associated DNA damage responses. Here we demonstrate that the bromodomain-containing protein BRD1 is a RS suppressing protein that forms a replication origin regulatory complex with the histone acetyltransferase HBO1, the BRCA1 tumor suppressor, and BARD1, ORigin FIring Under Stress (ORFIUS). BRD1 and HBO1 promote eventual origin firing by supporting localization of the origin licensing protein ORC2 at origins. In the absence of BRD1 and/or HBO1, both origin firing and nuclei with ORC2 foci are reduced. BRCA1 regulates BRD1, HBO1, and ORC2 localization at replication origins. In the absence of BRCA1, both origin firing and nuclei with BRD1, HBO1, and ORC2 foci are increased. In normal and non-HGSC ovarian cancer cells, the ORFIUS complex responds to ATR and CDC7 origin regulatory signaling and disengages from origins during RS. In BRCA1-mutant and sporadic HGSC cells, BRD1, HBO1, and ORC2 remain associated with replication origins, and unresponsive to RS, DNA damage, or origin regulatory kinase inhibition. ORFIUS complex dysregulation may promote HGSC cell survival by allowing for upregulated origin firing and cell cycle progression despite accumulating DNA damage, and may be a RS target.
Audiovisual interactions outside of visual awareness during motion adaptation
Authors: Park Minsun , Blake Randolph , Kim Chai-Youn 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Motion aftereffects (MAEs), illusory motion experienced in a direction opposed to real motion experienced during prior adaptation, have been used to assess audiovisual interactions. In a previous study from our laboratory, we demonstrated that a congruent direction of auditory motion presented concurrently with visual motion during adaptation strengthened the consequent visual MAE, compared to when auditory motion was incongruent in direction. Those judgments of MAE strength, however, could have been influenced by expectations or response bias from mere knowledge of the state of audiovisual congruity during adaptation. To prevent such knowledge, we now employed continuous flash suppression to render visual motion perceptually invisible during adaptation, ensuring that observers were completely unaware of visual adapting motion and only aware of the motion direction of the sound they were hearing. We found a small but statistically significant congruence effect of sound on adaptation strength produced by invisible adaptation motion. After considering alternative explanations for this finding, we conclude that auditory motion can impact the strength of visual processing produced by translational visual motion even when that motion transpires outside of awareness.
Loneliness in the workplace: a mixed-method systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bryan B T , Andrews G , Thompson K N , Qualter P , Matthews T , Arseneault L 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Loneliness is a risk factor for a range of mental and physical health problems and has gained increasing interest from policy-makers and researchers in recent years. However, little attention has been paid to loneliness at work and its implications for workers and employers.

Aims
Identify workplace, health and personal factors associated with workplace loneliness.

Methods
We searched five databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and EBSCO Business Source Complete) for relevant articles published from 1 January 2000 to 23 February 2023. Quantitative data were synthesized using narrative synthesis and random-effects meta-analysis of correlation coefficients. Qualitative data were synthesized using thematic synthesis. Evidence quality was appraised using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool.

Results
We identified 49 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Pooled results indicate that workplace loneliness was associated with lower job performance (r = −0.35, 95% CI −0.49, −0.21), reduced job satisfaction (r = −0.34, 95% CI −0.44, −0.24), worse worker–manager relationship (r = −0.31, 95% CI −0.38, −0.24) and elevated burnout (r = 0.39, 95% CI 0.25, 0.51). Qualitative results suggest links between loneliness and inadequate workplace social interactions and mental health problems. As most studies used cross-sectional data and few adjusted for potential confounders, the direction and robustness of the associations remain untested.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that loneliness is associated with poor occupational functioning and well-being among workers. Results also show that loneliness is associated with modifiable aspects of the work environment, suggesting that the workplace may offer a fruitful avenue for interventions targeting loneliness.
Knowledge and Attitudes on Contraception and Reproductive Health in Women With HIV
Authors: Henricks Anna , Singal Samantha , Hughes Dana , Kelly Sean , Castilho Jessica L , Norwood Jamison 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
For reasons not fully explained to date, contraception usage among women with HIV remains low. The aim of our study was to understand attitudes toward and lifetime use of contraception among women with HIV.

Methods
We administered an anonymous, community-informed, voluntary survey to cisgender, English-speaking women with HIV (≥18 years of age) at a Southern urban HIV clinic. It included multiple choice and Likert-scale questions on reproductive health. Participants reported contraception use, recollection of provider conversations about contraception, and perceived empowerment and knowledge regarding reproductive health. We used chi-square and Fisher exact tests to compare attitudes and prior conversations about contraception by age (&lt; vs ≥45 years), race (Black vs non-Black), and lifetime contraception use.

Results
The median age of the 114 participants was 52 years, and 62% of the women identified as Black and 31% as White. Women reported a median of 2 unique family planning methods used throughout life, with oral contraceptive pills being most the common (59%). Only 20% of women reported having ever used long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). Only 56% of women recalled talking with a provider about contraception. Women of non-Black race and those who had used LARC were more likely to remember (72 vs 52%; P = .035; 87 vs 56%; P = .022; respectively). When asked about preferences, 82% of women age &lt;45 years wanted a nondaily method, and 60% felt uncomfortable with device insertion.

Conclusions
Throughout life, participants reported using a diversity of contraceptives. Only half of women remembered a provider conversation about contraception. Understanding women's preferences regarding contraception should guide counseling.
Uncommon presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis: late-onset facial involvement after a decade—a rare case report
Authors: Shrestha Amrita , Mishra Aman , Mishra Aakash , Shrestha Rojina , Shrestha Rabina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection that can involve the skin, mucosal membranes, and internal organs. It is endemic to the tropics. A forty-three-year-old male, diagnosed and treated for visceral leishmaniasis 15 years ago, presented with a complaint of a progressively growing lesion on his face for five years. A detailed history, clinical examination, and histopathological examination were done to reach a diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Treatment with oral fluconazole 300 mg daily for six months, followed by 50 mg miltefosine three times a day for another two months, led to complete resolution of symptoms, and the lesion on the face was cured. Early diagnosis is crucial to averting unwarranted treatment and potential complications. This case aims to inform clinicians of the high index of suspicion when diagnosing CL; given the delayed presentation, the previous medical history and the natural course of the lesion are of utmost importance.
Gait and cognitive disorders revealing massive neurocysticercosis: a case report
Authors: Rabearisoa Parany Haja , Rasaholiarison Nomena Finiavana , Razafimahefa Julien , Tehindrazanarivelo Alain Djacoba 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Neurocysticercosis is frequent in Madagascar. Its clinical presentations depends on the topography of the lesions. We report a case with gait and cognitive disorders. A 49-year-old man, right-handed, with progressive gait disorders (small steps with magnetization). On examination, he had gait disorders, associated with frontal syndrome with Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) scale of 10/18, a Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scale of 24/30, a constructive apraxia and a clock test disturbance. The brain CT scan showed massive lesions of fronto-parietal and temporal neurocysticercosis, meningeal neurocysticercosis with racemose forms. Lesions had different ages associated with a communicating hydrocephalus. Gait disturbance and cognitive function were improved after an evacuating lumbar puncture and cysticidal treatments. This case illustrate the importance of neurological examination in a patient with neurocysticercosis. Neurocysticercosis could be a curable cause of dementia.
Magic in Hungary
Authors: Bárth Dániel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines relationships between magic and religion primarily through texts (verbal charms, benedictions, and exorcisms) and the practices associated with them, using historical and contemporary data from the Hungarian-language area. The main purpose of the study is to analyze how religious-magical texts and practices at the local level can in fact only be fully appreciated within a syncretic interconnectedness. Observations from the analysis reveal, first, that an understanding of the contemporary phenomena of folk/popular religion and belief necessitates knowledge of historical processes. Second, separations between the phenomena of magic and religion are really only viable from an external (ecclesiastical, elite, research) point of view. Finally, especially in the case of illnesses, the needs of healing are constantly activated regardless of historical periods, and believers seek immediate, direct, and effective solutions within the current dominant religious field (e.g., paganism, Christianity, Protestantism, Roman Catholicism).
Geostatistical Analysis in Space and Time
Authors: Stundal Logan , Bagozzi Benjamin E. , Freeman John R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Spatial-temporal data are ubiquitous in political science. While political methodologists have made a number of advancements in spatial modeling, comparable advancements in spatial-temporal modeling have been relatively more limited. As a result, political scientists continue to primarily model spatial-temporal dynamics (if at all) via techniques such as two-way fixed effects and/or clustered standard errors. The localization assumptions that such modeling choices entail ignore important patterns of spatial-temporal persistence and can produce biased inferences. This chapter addresses this challenge by presenting a popular geostatistical approach for spatial-temporal modeling, which it conceptually and empirically compares to two-way fixed effects and spatial neighborhood modeling approaches. Rather than prespecifying a connectivity matrix, this model estimates the extent of spatial interdependence between units and allows for unit variant temporal evolution of causal mechanisms like diffusion. The chapter applies this approach to data on spatial-temporal insurgent violence in Iraq and obtain strong evidence to suggest that our geostatistical (and neighborhood) spatial-temporal models are superior to two-way fixed effects for the modeling of space and time. This reanalysis suggests that past work exaggerates the effect of compensation spending on insurgent violence and that some forms of compensation have no impact at all. The chapter thereby demonstrates the benefit of incorporating dynamics into spatial-temporal analyses of political processes—either with neighborhood models of spatial-temporal processes or through novel geostatistical frameworks which treat spatial-temporal mechanisms as latent processes.
Bayesian Spatial Methods and Public Opinion of Geographical Areas
Authors: Bao Le , Carson Jamie L. , Gill Jeff 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Studying subnational public opinion is often impeded by the limited sample size of survey data. This chapter provides an overview of the issues and methodology involved in estimating public opinion of geographical areas and an introduction of the Bayesian spatial methods. The work focuses in particular on the Bayesian kriging model, which provides a cohesive framework for incorporating different information and for measuring area-level public opinion. The chapter introduces its technical details and related advantages. It then illustrates the method through an example of constituency ideology and concludes with views on the importance of applying various methods to appropriate situations.
Reflexive Methodologies and Methods
Authors: Glas Aarie , Soedirgo Jessica 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Both qualitative and quantitative scholars are increasingly attentive to the importance of reflexivity in research. This chapter highlights the varied ways reflexivity is defined and practiced in political science over three parts. First, it surveys varied understandings of reflexivity from interpretive and positivist corners of the discipline. It highlights conceptions of reflexivity as 1) critical self-reflection on the role and effects of the individual researcher or 2) a broader and critical appraisal of ontological and epistemological suppositions. Second, it argues that engaging reflexivity helps researchers build rapport and working relationships; pursue safe and ethical research; develop fuller accounts of the social world; and facilitate and assess the trustworthiness of research. Third, it surveys scholarship that provides models for reflexivity in interviewing, ethnography, and archival research.
Observational Databases
Authors: Engst Benjamin G. , Gschwend Thomas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Why do we need databases in research on comparative judicial behaviour? This chapter argues that comprehensive assessments of common models on judicial behaviour require data on decisions, judges, and environmental characteristics. An expert survey shows that data on these characteristics was often published in rectangular datasets focusing on courts in the United States or specific International Courts mostly allowing assessments of the attitudinal model of judicial behaviour. Databases on courts in other regions that allow the assessment of judicial behaviour have been published more recently. They allow for the modelling of different entities—such as information on decisions and information on judges—and establishing the relationships between them; for example, linking specific judges to specific decision outcomes. The advantage of designing databases is to summarize clearly specified concepts in parsimonious and flexible ways without producing redundancies when collecting data. Comparative judicial databases including information on the action of multiple courts are scarce. However, scholars of judicial politics can learn from existing comparative projects such as the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) to design a Comparative Study of Judicial Behaviour (CSJB).
Experiments
Authors: Engel Christoph 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Judicial decision-making has attracted a lot of interest in the experimental community. Over decades, a rich literature has emerged. It has investigated to what degree judicial decision-making is affected by the same heuristics and biases that have been observed in laypersons; in which ways personal or political attitudes affect decisions; how decision-makers dissolve the characteristic ambiguity of both the facts and normative standards; how decisions made by multi-person panels differ from decisions made by single judges; how error sneaks in when assessing the available evidence; which elements of the rich institutional setting of judicial decision-making have which behavioural effects; what is the impact of the parties, witnesses, or experts, on the disposition of the case; how judicial decision-making is perceived by the general public; and in what ways the anticipation of this perception affects decision-making. The power of the behavioural economics paradigm has rarely been marshalled, nor has the research been related to experimental political science. Most experimental research studies judicial decision-making in the abstract and does not pay much attention to characteristic institutional or cultural differences between jurisdictions. Hence there is still a lot of room for new experimental research.