bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of die parameters on the deformation characteristics of cross wedge rolling steel balls: modelling, numerical simulation and experiments
Authors: Wang Jiapeng , Wang Baoyu , Liu Jinping , Li Yunsheng , Zhang Huibo , Li Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

How to choose appropriate tool parameters has always been a challenge in the cross wedge rolling (CWR) process, as different tool parameters affects the instantaneous metal deformation pattern and effective strain, thereby affecting the geometric dimensions and mechanical properties of the formed workpiece, especially for CWR steel balls with both radial and axial forming degrees of freedom. This paper proposed four novel forms of forming angle design for CWR dies and different sizes of spreading angles. The effect of different tool parameters on the deformation characteristics of CWR steel balls was analyzed using a combination of theoretical modelling and finite element (FE) simulation analysis. The analysis indicated that the axial deformation parameters increased linearly while the radial deformation parameters increasesd exponentially during the CWR process. The steel balls obtained from equal or small arc forming angles had better roundness and filling than those obtained from fixed forming angle and large arc forming angle. When the forming angle is fixed, the larger the spreading angle, the more metal volume participates in deformation per unit time, and the more severe the deformation. Finally, tool parameters with a fixed forming angle of 30° and an equal arc forming angle, as well as a spreading angle of 8°, were selected for comparative experiments on steel balls forming. The experimental results indicated that the size accuracy of steel balls obtained by equal arc forming angle was relatively high, and a larger spreading angle could improve forming efficiency significantly, which verified the reliability of FE simulation simultaneously.
A Study of Patients' Meaning in Life at Siriraj Palliative Care Center
Authors: Sriveerac Pinyo , Chimpiboon Puchong , Nakabut Teeranun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Understanding the meaning of life is crucial, especially for patients at the end of their journey. This comprehension improves mental resilience, correlates with a better quality of life, and acts as a buffer against emotional distress.
Aim:
This study investigates the prevalence of palliative patients who grasp this meaning within themselves.
Design:
Conducted as a prospective cohort observational clinical study, this research utilized the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), collecting demographic data, age, gender, and individual interpretations of life's meaning. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics for frequencies and percentages, along with content analysis to delve into patients' perspectives.
Setting/participants:
The study included patients 18 or older with incurable diseases, a life expectancy less than one year, and effective communication skills.
Result:
The study comprised 107 palliative patients, 41.1% male and 58.9% female. The findings showed that 76.6% of the participants had a sense of life's meaning, which was highly individualistic. The content analysis revealed eight themes, with family (77.6%), occupation (21.5%), society (15.9%), religion (11.2%), health (9.3%), finance (6.5%), education (4.7%), and specific life issues (16.8%).
Conclusions:
The essence of spirituality, integral to the meaning of life, plays a crucial role in palliative care, enhancing the overall quality of life, especially in life's poignant moments. Patients predominantly embark on personal quests for meaning, with familial bonds standing out as a significant motif, attesting to the profound interpersonal relationships woven into their existence
Polyene Phosphatidyl Choline Injection Regulates Lipid Homeostasis via AKT-PDE3-PKA in Mice
Authors: Hu Yang , Chai Dan , Geng Qiao , Chen Li , Zhang Feng , Qiu Ping , Wang Changqing , Lu Lungen , Kong Desong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to the clinical efficacy of polyene phosphatidyl choline (PPC) injections was assessed using data from the Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine. Then investigate the mechanisms of PPC injections in the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice.Methods First, clinical data of PPC injections from the Chinese Medicine Modernization and Big Data Research Center at Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine were collected and analyzed to assess the clinical effects of PPC injections. Then, a mouse model of alcoholic liver injury was established using C57BL/6J mice. The protective effects of PPC injections against ALD were evaluated at the systemic level using biochemical and histopathological analyses. RNA-seq technology was used to identify specific differentially expressed genes and related signaling pathways involved in the protective effects of PPC injections against alcoholic liver injury. Finally, Changes in differentially expressed genes and related signaling pathways were confirmed by western blot analysis of the liver tissues.Results Clinical data showed that PPC injection has a significant regulatory effect on abnormal liver damage and lipid metabolism-related indicators. PPC injection significantly inhibited the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and hepatic lipid accumulation in a mouse model of liver injury. The PPC injection can downregulate Akt1, Traf3, Prkaca, NF-KB; and upregulate Pde3b expression.Conclusion PPC injections had clinically significant hepatoprotective effects. The underlying mechanism may involve may exert its effects on preventing and treating ALD by regulating the Akt-PDE3-PKA signaling pathway to modulate lipid homeostasis.
Insect friendly light at night
Authors: Jou Jwo-Huei , Song We-Chi , Tsai Yun-Chen , Wu Chun-Hua , Sharma Dipanshu , Peng Bo-Hsun , Chen Chung-Chia , Lee Meng-Ting , Chen Yi-Hong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Electric light at night poses a threat to both humans and ecosystems, compelling the search for an environmentally friendly lighting measure. Insects play a pivotal role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem and therefore we investigated the effects of different electric light sources on the attraction of insects after dusk. In this work, we studied the effect of the widely used light emitting diode (LED), the emerging organic light emitting diode (OLED) and the traditional incandescent bulb. We found that light with a lower color temperature attracted fewer insects, regardless LED or OLED. For example, the number of insects attracted by the 5,000K LED was 4.3 times that attracted by the 3,000 K counterpart. Surprisingly, the 2,400 K incandescent bulb attracted more insects than the 1,900 K, 3,000 K or 5,000 K OLED light. All these phenomena suggest that light with shorter wavelength emission tends to attract more insects. These results suggest that OLED lights may be considered as insect-friendly lights at night, especially those with the lowest color temperature, which are also human-friendly in terms of retinal protection and melatonin production.
Implications for insect conservation
Our results show that the blue-hazard free, human-friendly OLED light source is also insect friendly. According to our findings, it can protect insects from the harm caused by traditional electronic night lights, promoting insect conservation.
Detection of Leptospira kirschneri in a short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis delphis) stranded off the coast of southern California, USA
Authors: Prager KC , Danil Kerri , Wurster Elyse , Colegrove Kathleen M , Galloway Renee , Kettler Niesa , Mani Rinosh , McDonough Ryelan F , Sahl Jason W , Stone Nathan E , Wagner David M , Lloyd-Smith James O 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Pathogenic Leptospira species are globally important zoonotic pathogens capable of infecting a wide range of host species. In marine mammals, reports of Leptospira have predominantly been in pinnipeds, with isolated reports of infections in cetaceans.
CASE PRESENTATION
On 28 June 2021, a 150.5 cm long female, short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis delphis) stranded alive on the coast of southern California and subsequently died. Gross necropsy revealed multifocal cortical pallor within the reniculi of the kidney, and lymphoplasmacytic tubulointerstitial nephritis was observed histologically. Immunohistochemistry confirmed Leptospira infection, and PCR followed by lfb1 gene amplicon sequencing suggested that the infecting organism was L. kirschneri. Leptospira DNA capture and enrichment allowed for whole-genome sequencing to be conducted. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the causative agent was a previously undescribed, divergent lineage of L. kirschneri.
CONCLUSIONS
We report the first detection of pathogenic Leptospira in a short-beaked common dolphin, and the first detection in any cetacean in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Renal lesions were consistent with clinically significant leptospirosis in other host species, including marine mammals, and were the most significant lesions detected overall, suggesting leptospirosis as the likely cause of death. We identified the cause of the infection as L. kirschneri, a species detected only once before in a marine mammal – a northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) of the northeastern Pacific. These findings raise questions about the mechanism of transmission, given the obligate marine lifestyle of cetaceans (in contrast to pinnipeds, which spend time on land) and the commonly accepted view that Leptospira are quickly killed by salt water. They also raise important questions regarding the source of infection, and whether it arose from transmission among marine mammals or from terrestrial-to-marine spillover. Moving forward, surveillance and sampling must be expanded to better understand the extent to which Leptospira infections occur in the marine ecosystem and possible epidemiological linkages between and among marine and terrestrial host species. Generating Leptospira genomes from different host species will yield crucial information about possible transmission links, and our study highlights the power of new techniques such as DNA enrichment to illuminate the complex ecology of this important zoonotic pathogen.
Treatment for traumatic nasolacrimal duct obstruction via endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy and multiplanar reconstructive technology
Authors: Hu Feng , Ye Yunyan , Wang Ruijun , Zhu Kexuan , Kong Qiao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (Endo-DCR) and computed tomography dacryocystography (CT-DCG) for the treatment of traumatic nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO).MethodsEighteen eyes from 16 patients with traumatic NLDO were analyzed retrospectively. On a real-time worktable, all patients underwent CT-DCG imaging, multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), and three-dimensional reconstruction (3D-R) analyses. Endo-DCR was performed based on the results of the sinonasal CT scan. Patient statistics, trauma etiology, NOE fracture type, lacrimal blockage, CT imaging, and surgical results were evaluated.ResultsThis study included 16 patients (18 eyes) with traumatic NLDO admitted to the Ophthalmology Department of Li Huili Hospital Affiliated with Ningbo University from January 2019 to November 2021. All patients had symptoms of epiphora and lacrimal discharge. The patients' average age was 41.18±12.25 years (range 18-63 years), and 10 were male (62.5%), while 6 were female (37.5%). Traffic injuries were the leading cause (81.25%), resulting in naso-orbitoethmoidal (NOE) fractures. CT-DCG analysis revealed that four patients had nasolacrimal duct fractures, eight had simple NOE fractures, three had NOE mixed with zygoma fractures, and one had NOE combined with a skull fracture. Endo-DCR was performed in all patients, with silicone tubes placed in two patients, and the stent was removed three months following surgery. The average follow-up period was 37.43±10.86 months, and no surgical infections were identified. Finally, 17 of the 18 eyes (94.4%) were effectively treated, with one eye achieving anatomical success but failing to establish function.ConclusionCT-DCG and multiplanar reconstruction techniques can provide surgical guidance for traumatic NLDO. Endo-DCR has been shown to be beneficial for treating traumatic NLDO with few complications. In patients with lacrimal duct damage or stenosis, the addition of silicone tube-assisted support may improve surgical success rates.
The need of the hour: Providing water in shared toilet facilities for menstrual hygiene management in urban India
Authors: Bhakta Amita , Mansuri Aasim , Jaiswal Jigisha , Iyer Mona 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Shared sanitation services continue to expand in India's growing cities, yet, these facilities are blighted by issues including lack of privacy, overflow of raw sewage, and notably, a lack of water supply. Access to water in shared toilets for menstruating women and girls to wash themselves, their reusable menstrual products, their stained clothes, and sanitation infrastructure is a critical but all too-often neglected aspect of menstrual hygiene management (MHM). Drawing on the existing literature and data from Maharashtra, this commentary article uses the example of urban India to highlight the ‘need of the hour’, the provision of water in shared sanitation facilities in the global South for MHM as and when required. Evidence-based water supply norms in shared sanitation for MHM, from menarche to the perimenopause, are key, to highlight the need for water as an ‘MHM plus’ requirement for women and girls reliant on shared facilities. Connecting shared toilets to piped water is a long-term process, but the provision of water in buckets is a start. Hygiene promotion can create awareness of the importance of water for sustainable MHM. Monitoring and evaluation can determine the impact of supplying water in shared toilets on MHM.
An Efficient Propylphosphonic Anhydride (T3P®)-Mediated MW-induced
Solvent-free Rapid Synthesis of Enamino Esters and Ketones including 5,
5-Dimethyl-3-aminocyclohex-2-enones
Authors: Marvi Omid , Arshadi Sattar , Baghernejad Bita 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
This work presents a clean and convenient synthesis of various β-enaminones including 5,5-
dimethyl-3-aminocyclohex-2-enones, in satisfactory to excellent yields from the condensation reaction
of primary amines with β -dicarbonyls by employing T3P® as a catalyst and performing the reaction
under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. These rapid reactions launched readily and
stood a diversity of organic functional groups. A mixture of 1,3-dicarbonyl compound, primary amine
and T3P® (50% in AcOEt) was irradiated for an appropriate time under microwave at 80°C. After
completing the reaction (TLC) and cooling to r.t., ethyl acetate and saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution
were added. The aqueous phase was extracted ethyl acetate. The combined organic layer was
washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure
to afford the product, which was recrystallized from diisopropyl ether. The presented results exhibit
a better catalytic activity of T3P in the synthesis of enaminones. It could be concluded that T3P is
the best catalyst as it took only a few minutes for the completion of the reaction with an excellent yield
of product, which indicates T3P is more efficient, compared to other catalysts. A comparison of the efficiency
of the present procedure with some heterogeneous solid catalysts was evaluated as well.
Clearly, a higher yield was established in this procedure compared to other catalysts. Furthermore, the
reaction of amines with dimedone was investigated as well, delivering excellent yields. The reaction
catalyzed by T3P under microwave irradiation supplies a comprehensive method for the synthesis of
enaminones. In this work, T3P is an effective, efficient and green catalyst, which forms the procedure
economic, suitable, and safe with widespread application in the synthesis of enaminones.

background:
This work presents a clean and convenient synthesis of various β-enaminones incuding 5,5-dimethyl-3-aminocyclohex-2-enones in good to excellent yields from the reaction of different primary amines with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds by employing T3P® as a catalyst and performing the reaction under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. This one-pot rapid reaction proceeded readily and tolerated a variety of functional groups.
Crocin Potentiates Anti-tumor Properties of 5-FU by Regulating Cell Proliferation and Tumor Necrosis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Rezaei Nastaran , Al-Asady Abdulridha Mohammed , Hashemzehi Milad , Binabaj Maryam Moradi , Rahmani Farzad , Avan Amir , Eskandari Moein , Jalili-Nik Mohammad , Asgharzadeh Fereshteh , Nazari Seyedeh Elnaz , Ryzhikov Mikhail , Khazaei Majid , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies among women
around the world. Crocus sativus, a natural food coloring and flavoring, has potent anti-tumor properties.
The aim of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of crocin, the main pharmacological
active component of saffron, either alone or in combination with the standard chemotherapeutic
treatment, 5-FU, in Breast cancer (BC) progression in both cellular and animal models.

Material and Methods:
MTT, Real-Time PCR, Western Blotting, Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)
tissue staining were applied to determine the anti-tumor properties of crocin in in vitro and in vivo
samples.

Results:
Our findings showed that crocin decreased breast cancer cell proliferation by suppressing
cyclin D1 expression and Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation. Moreover, this molecule improved 5-
FU anti-cancer activities by decreasing the tumor volume and weight, increasing tumor necrosis, and
suppressing tumor inflammation in an animal model. Inflammation-associated anti-cancer activity of
crocin is mediated by the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes, including IFN-γ and IL-1β, as
well as inhibition of oxidative stress responses within the tumor environment.

Conclusion:
This is the first study demonstrating the potent anti-tumor properties of crocin against
BC progression. Our results suggest that this effective and low-toxic molecule could be a promising
agent for reducing BC tumor progression when administered either alone or in combination with
standard treatment in breast cancer patients.
Distinctive Expression of MetastamiRs in Breast Cancer Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Solid Tumor
Authors: Hashemi Zahra Sadat , Moghadam Mehdi Forouzandeh , Khalili Saeed , Hashemi Seyed Mahmoud , Sepehr Koushan Sineh , Sadroddiny Esmaeil 
Published: January 2024

Background:
MSCs are a part of the tumor microenvironment, which secrete cytokines
and chemokines. They can affect metastasis and the growth of tumors. metastamiRs are newly recognized
regulatory elements of the metastasis pathway which are involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal
transition (EMT).

Objective:
In the present study, we aimed to assess the expression profile of metastamiRs in the
context of MSCs in correlation with their invasion and migration power.

Methods:
Tumor-isolated BC-MSCs and normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs)
along with MCF-7, MDA-MB231, and MCF-10A cells were prepared and confirmed for their
identity. The cells were assessed for CD44+CD24¯ percentage, Oct-4, and Survivin expression.
GEO, KEGG, and TCGA databases were investigated to detect differential miR-expressions. Real-
time PCR for 13 miRs was performed using LNA primers. Ultimately, Transwell-Matrigel assays
as used to assess the level of migration and invasion.

Results:
Our results indicated that some oncomiRs like miR-10b were upregulated in BC-MSCs,
while the levels of miR-373 and miR-520c were similar to the MCF-10A. Generally, miR-200
family members were on lower levels compared to the other miR-suppressor (miR-146a, 146b,
and 335). miR-31 and 193b were up-regulated in MCF-10A. The most invasiveness was observed
in the MDA-MB231 cell line.

Conclusion:
We have demonstrated that the miR-expression levels of BC-MSCs are somewhat in
between MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 miR-expression levels. This could be the logic behind the
moderate level of invasion in BC-MSCs. Therefore, miR-therapy approaches such as miR-mimic
or antagomiRs could be used for BC-MSCs in clinical cancer therapy.
Bridging the Mind and Gut: Uncovering the Intricacies of Neurotransmitters,
Neuropeptides, and their Influence on Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Gupta Saumya , Dinesh Susha , Sharma Sameer 
Published: January 2024

Background::
The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bidirectional signaling channel that facilitates
communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. Recent research on the gut-brain axis
demonstrates that this connection enables the brain to influence gut function, which in turn influences
the brain and its cognitive functioning. It is well established that malfunctioning of this axis
adversely affects both systems' ability to operate effectively.

Objective::
Dysfunctions in the GBA have been associated with disorders of gut motility and permeability,
intestinal inflammation, indigestion, constipation, diarrhea, IBS, and IBD, as well as neuropsychiatric
and neurodegenerative disorders like depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism, Alzheimer's,
and Parkinson's disease. Multiple research initiatives have shown that the gut microbiota, in
particular, plays a crucial role in the GBA by participating in the regulation of a number of key neurochemicals
that are known to have significant effects on the mental and physical well-being of an
individual.

Methods::
Several studies have investigated the relationship between neuropsychiatric disorders and
imbalances or disturbances in the metabolism of neurochemicals, often leading to concomitant gastrointestinal
issues and modifications in gut flora composition. The interaction between neurological
diseases and gut microbiota has been a focal point within this research. The novel therapeutic interventions
in neuropsychiatric conditions involving interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, and
dietary modifications are outlined in this review.

Results::
The findings of multiple studies carried out on mice show that modulating and monitoring
gut microbiota can help treat symptoms of such diseases, which raises the possibility of the use of
probiotics, prebiotics, and even dietary changes as part of a new treatment strategy for neuropsychiatric
disorders and their symptoms.

Conclusion::
The bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain through the gut-brain
axis has revealed profound implications for both gastrointestinal and neurological health. Malfunctions
in this axis have been connected to a range of disorders affecting gut function as well as cognitive
and neuropsychiatric well-being. The emerging understanding of the role of gut microbiota in
regulating key neurochemicals opens up possibilities for novel treatment approaches for conditions
like depression, anxiety, and neurodegenerative diseases.