bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Questionnaire design and validation: perception of clinical simulation in nutrition and dietetics students
Authors: Espinoza Valentina , Marileo Luis , Viscardi Sharon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background:
Clinical simulation is a strategy that forms part of new learning styles where students are placed at the center, where they are able to integrate different types of knowledge and develop skills and abilities that contribute to their training process.
Objective:
The objective of the study is to design and validate a questionnaire through expert judgment to assess the perception of clinical simulation in nutrition and dietetics students.
Methods
The questionnaire was applied to 90 nutrition and dietetics students and validated by expert judgment (22 experts). For construct validity, a factor analysis was performed using principal component analysis with Varimax rotation. Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine internal consistency.
Results
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy estimates (KMO = 0.857) and Bartlett’s statistical significance (p = 0.000) were calculated, where all questions were accepted as valid to the questionnaire. The principal component analysis method was used to obtain five components, accounting for 71,68% of the total variance explained, obtaining a percentage of explanation at appropriate acceptance levels. Each item was included in a single factor, based on its factorial load, establishing a minimum saturation criterion of 0.50. VARIMAX-based rotated factorial solutions formed a well-defined structure without overlapping. A Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.913 was obtained to evaluate the internal consistency of the questionnaire.
Conclusions
The questionnaire that was designed and validated reports high validity and reliability, where students express a high degree of satisfaction. This makes it a useful instrument for the teaching and learning process in clinical simulation.
An Analysis of ELT Practicum Supervisory Written Feedback and Preservice Teachers’ Perceptions
Authors: Abdelhalim Safaa M. , Alsahil Asma Abdullah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Practicum supervisory feedback is widely regarded as a valuable source of knowledge and professional development for preservice teachers and contributes significantly to the practicum experience. This mixed-methods study examined the content and linguistic features of supervisory written feedback (SWF) within the context of English Language Teaching (ELT) practicum supervision. It also examined preservice teachers’ perceptions regarding the feedback to determine whether the feedback aligned with their perceptions. We considered data from 1,981 SWFs collected from 27 ELT practicum supervisors, along with preservice teachers’ responses to a questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The analysis revealed some congruity between the level, focus, and wording of the SWF and preservice teachers’ perceptions of the given feedback. Most feedback provided was on task performance, specifically evaluative. The study highlights the importance of language in SWF, showing that using words expressing cognitive meaning can promote students’ deeper thinking and, consequently, positive perception.
Chromatin shearing in suspension cell line: A guide for optimization
Authors: Chamoli Ambika , Vats Priyanka Patel , Upadhyay Vinal , Mandoli Amit 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assess DNA-proteins interactions and hence helps to generate intricate relationships and vital information. ChIP is integrated with next-generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to determine the genomic location of specific proteins or post-translational modifications at an individual locus or genome-wide. Although improved sample preparation and library preparation are present, ChIP-seq still endures the complexity of the protocol. The most sensitive and critical step involves the chromatin fragmentation step. The protocol for chromatin shearing varies with cell type and it is time-consuming, hence protocol standardization is required. Methods and Results In our work, we optimized the parameters required for chromatin shearing in suspension cell (Kasumi-1) using S220 Focused-ultra-sonicator (Covaris). To address this, the protocol starts with the fixation of cells with formaldehyde, cell lysis, and nuclei isolation. Chromatin shearing using various sonication buffers and sonicator parameters was performed to determine the efficient sonication condition. We have found success for sonication at the following settings: PIP of 150 W, DF 7.0%, CPB 200, and water fill level 12 generating fragments of approximately 250–600 bp in 7 min. We determined percentage of SDS (0.15%) and DOC (0.05%) in the sonication buffer was an important variable to achieve the desired fragmentation pattern. Conclusions From our study, we found the optimal percentage of detergents in the sonication buffer and the duration of sonication for resulting desired fragmentation pattern. The fragmentation is critical for good coverage and resolution of data, without losing material due to over-fragmentation, hence shearing determines the success of the experiment.
The prevalence and risk factors of orthostatic hypotension with cardiovascular diseases: An observational study
Authors: Yang Zhongxue , Liu Jie , Meng Fan , Zhang Luqi , Zhen Yanjie , Wang Kai , Chen Ni , Zhao Bin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cardiovascular disease can aggravate the degree of blood pressure drop in patients after standing, causing orthostatic hypotension, thus leading to the occurrence of adverse events such as syncope and fall. The focus of this study was to describe the prevalence and explore risk factors of orthostatic hypotension in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Methods:
An observational study was conducted on patients who had cardiovascular disease from October 2021 to October 2022 in a hospital in Hebei Province, China. Blood pressure was measured in the supine position and within 3min after standing. Data on demographic data, combined disease, taking anti-hypertensive drugs and examination indicators were collected by using a physician-administered questionnaire and clinical records. A logistic regression was used for the risk factors of orthostatic hypotension in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease.
Results:
The study included 759 patients with a mean age of 62.0 (55.0–68.0) years, male predominance (68.0%, n = 516), and orthostatic hypotension (23.8%, n = 181). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age [compared to the age group of [18,41), the OR (95%CI) for the age group of [61,71) was 6.182 (1.390 ~ 27.497), the OR (95%CI) for the age group of ≥ 71 years was 5.007 (1.059 ~ 23.676)], combined arrhythmia[compared with no combined arrhythmia, the combined arrhythmia OR (95%CI) was 3.552 (2.223 ~ 5.674)], higher mean systolic BP in the supine position[the OR (95%CI) was 1.029 (1.014 ~ 1.043)], higher total cholesterol [the OR (95%CI) was 1.252(1.013 ~ 1.546)], take calcium channel blockers anti-hypertensive drugs[compared with not taking calcium channel blockers anti-hypertensive drugs, the OR (95%CI) for taking calcium channel blockers anti-hypertension drugs was 1.661(1.062 ~ 2.597)], take β-blocker anti-hypertensive drugs [compared with not taking β-blockers anti-hypertensive drugs, the OR (95%CI) for taking β-blockers anti-hypertensive drugs was 1.985(1.262 ~ 3.125)] were risk factors for orthostatic hypotension in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in cardiovascular disease inpatients are high. Health care providers should pay more attention to orthostatic hypotension, carry out targeted prevention and management measures for key groups with risk factors, reduce the incidence of adverse events, improve the quality of nursing, and promote the health recovery of patients.
Gender (Dis)identification in Anorexia: An Analysis of Tumblr and the Anonymity of Skinny Bodies
Authors: Demaria Cínthia , Achilles Linda , Mandl Thomas , Consenza Domenico , Laguárdia Nádia , Oliveira Rafael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Faced with the wide range of social networks on the Internet today, the platforms which offer anonymity have gained prominence among adolescents. As a platform which is home for much LGBTQIA+ activism worldwide, Tumblr has been the choice of many young people for sharing content about their lives. To research the manifestation of content about anorexia published on this social network, we investigated the presence of the hashtags #maletofemale and #femaletomale, which refer to bodies in gender transition, together with the hashtag #anorexia. After collecting and analyzing more than 10,000 posts on Tumblr, identifying subjects with a symptom that favors non-identification with a gender but with asexual bodies is perceived as if the ideal of thinness could hide the biological sex of post authors. The analysis shows the differences of the topics on anorexia posted by males, females and a transsexual group. It was observed that the identification with anorexia remains fluctuating in this network, based on a disidentification with sex. The transition is thus supported in different positions from similar bodies, almost identical and identified by their excessive thinness.
Impact of Antibiotics, Corticosteroids, and Microbiota on Immunotherapy Efficacy in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zapata-García María , Moratiel Alba , Isla Dolores , Gálvez Eva , Gascón-Ruiz Marta , Sesma Andrea , Barbero Raquel , Galeano Javier , Campo Rosa del , Ocáriz Maitane , Quílez Elisa , Cruellas Mara , Remírez-Labrada Ariel , Pardo Julian , Martínez-Lostao Luis , Domingo María Pilar , Esteban Patricia , Torres-Ramón Irene , Yubero Alfonso , Paño Jose Ramón , Lastra Rodrigo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Lung cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with its high mortality rate attributed mainly to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has revolutionized its treatment, patient response is highly variable and lacking predictive markers. We conducted a prospective study on 55 patients with NSCLC undergoing ICI therapy to identify predictive markers of both response and immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) in the airway microbiota. We also analyzed the clinical evolution and overall survival (OS) with respect to treatments that affect the integrity of the microbiota, such as antibiotics and corticosteroids. Our results demonstrated that respiratory microbiota differ significantly in ICI responders: they have higher alpha diversity values and lower abundance of the Firmicutes phylum and the Streptococcus genus. Employing a logistic regression model, the abundance of Gemella was the major predictor of non-ICI response, whereas Lachnoanaerobaculum was the best predictor of a positive response to ICI. The most relevant results were that antibiotic consumption is linked to a lower ICI response, and the use of corticosteroids correlated with poorer overall survival. Whereas previous studies have focused on gut microbiota, our findings highlight the importance of the respiratory microbiota in predicting the treatment response. Future research should explore microbiota modulation strategies to enhance immunotherapy outcomes. Understanding the impact of antibiotics, corticosteroids, and microbiota on NSCLC immunotherapy will help personalize treatment and improve patient outcomes.
Bi2S3/Ti3C2-TPP Nano-Heterostructures Induced by Near-Infrared for Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Photothermal Therapy on Hypoxic Tumors
Authors: Jiang Hanwen , Sun Jingxian , Liu Fucong , Zhao Yuanjiao , Chen Xin , Dai Changsong , Wen Zhaohui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy of bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) semiconductor has been severely restricted by its electron–hole pairs (e−−h+) separation inefficiency and oxygen (O2) deficiency in tumors, which greatly hinders reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and further clinical application of Bi2S3 nanoparticles (NPs) in biomedicine.
Results Herein, novel Bi2S3/titanium carbide (Ti3C2) two-dimensional nano-heterostructures (NHs) are designed to realize multimode PDT of synchronous O2 self-supply and ROS generation combined with highly eﬃcient photothermal tumor elimination for hypoxic tumor therapy. Bi2S3/Ti3C2 NHs were synthesized via the in situ synthesis method starting from Ti3C2 nanosheets (NSs), a classical type of MXene nanostructure. Compared to simple Bi2S3 NPs, Bi2S3/Ti3C2 NHs signiﬁcantly extend the absorption to the near-infrared (NIR) region and enhance the photocatalytic activity owing to the improved photogenerated carrier separation, where the hole on the valence band (VB) of Bi2S3 can react with water to supply O2 for the electron on the Ti3C2 NSs to generate ·O2− and ·OH through electron transfer. Furthermore, they also achieve 1O2 generation through energy transfer due to O2 self-supply. After the modification of triphenylphosphium bromide (TPP) on Bi2S3/Ti3C2 NHs, systematic in vitro and in vivo evaluations were conducted, revealing that the synergistic-therapeutic outcome of this nanoplatform enables complete eradication of the U251 tumors without recurrence by NIR laser irradiation, and it can be used for computed tomography (CT) imaging because of the strong X-ray attenuation ability.
Conclusion This work expands the phototherapeutic effect of Bi2S3-based nanoplatforms, providing a new strategy for hypoxic tumor theranostics.
Bug Prediction Models: seeking the most efficient
Authors: Marçal Ingrid , Garcia Rogerio Eduardo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Choosing the most appropriate machine learning model for bug prediction tasks is critical. This paper primarily compares the predictive power of individual models versus ensemble models. We begin by experimenting with popular single-machine learning models commonly used in bug prediction, like neural networks and support vector machines. Additionally, we test with ensemble models that combine individual models' unique strengths, aiming to maximize each's benefits. Our evaluation is based on datasets containing historical development data from well-known open-source software projects. We rely on various metrics when assessing the models, encompassing accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Based on our research findings, it has been observed that ensemble models tend to outperform single models, particularly when it comes to maintaining resilience across various datasets.Nevertheless, factors like the project's complexity, data availability, and computational resources all play a role in determining whether to use single or ensemble models. This paper offers a thorough analysis of the factors to consider when selecting machine learning models and approaches for bug prediction, providing valuable insights into the field. Furthermore, it offers practical advice for professionals, enabling them to make informed choices.
The putative effects of carboplatin based neoadjuvant chemotherapy on tumor microenvironment of epithelial ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Li Yunyun , Li Fei , Li Yao , Liu Xue , Zhang Cuiying , Hu Li-na 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
For late-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) patients, carboplatin based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed interval debulking surgery (IDS) could be alternative choice. The failure of immune checkpoint inhibitors combining chemotherapy for EOC patients promote us to comprehensively understand the impact of NACT on the tumor mircroenvironment (TME) of EOC. Methods: The RNA-sequencing profiles of EOC patients before and after NACT were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were calculated and further analyzed using GO and KEGG analyses. The variation of immune cell infiltration upon NACT was analyzed by CIBERSORT and further identified using immunohistochemistry and multi-immunofluorescence assays. Results: A total of 6 GEO datasets were included in our study, and 1138 DEGs were found compared the pre-NACT with post-NACT groups. The inflammation-related IL-17 signaling pathway and the apoptosis-related P53 signaling pathway were the most enriched signaling pathways in post-NACT tissues. A diagnostic pattern using the 6 hub genes, figured out by protein network analysis, could efficiently distinguish the normal ovarian tissues from the gynecology malignancies, including OC. Upon NACT, the phenotype of immune cells in the TME was more complex. Infiltrating follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and M1 macrophages significantly decreased, while the proportion of resting NK cells significantly increased. Although total M2 macrophages did not change significantly, the morphology and phenotype of relative macrophages changed, especially the lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE1) + macrophages. LYVE1 + macrophages co-expressed with CD206 but not CD68+, and they formed multicellular “nest” structures in the stroma, which might be related to chemotherapy sensitivity of EOC. Conclusion: The alterations in the TME of EOC following NACT exposure were complex and dynamic. Not only the tumor cells, but also immunological factors are involved in mediating the chemotherapeutic response. The LYVE1 + CD206 + perivascular TAMs were identified in EOC patients, and this specific subtype TAMs might be correlated with chemotherapeutic response, which will allow for the future development of novel immunologic therapies to combat chemoresistance.
Persistence of Anemia in Celiac Disease patients despite a Gluten Free Diet: A retrospective study
Authors: Valvano Marco , Chiara Giansante , Vinci Antonio , Maurici Massimo , Fabiani Stefano , Stefanelli Gianpiero , Cesaro Nicola , Angelo Viscido , Caloisi Claudia , Giovanni Latella 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: The main treatment for Celiac Disease (CD) is the gluten-free diet (GFD). However, in some CD patients, iron deficiency anemia can be persistent despite a GFD.
Aim: In this study, we aim to evaluate the prevalence of anemia in both adult and pediatric CD patients at the diagnosis and during the GFD.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study including both adult and pediatric CD patients, the demographic characteristics and hemoglobin, iron, folate and vitamin B12 levels were retrospectively retrieved from patients’ medical records at the time of diagnosis (T0); after 3-5 years (T1) and after 8-10 years (T2) of GFD.
Results: 311 CD patients (184 adult and 127 pediatric patients) were included in the study. No difference was observed in the prevalence of anemia in the overall population after 3-5 years of GFD in both adult and pediatric patients compared to the diagnosis. At T2, in the adult patient’s group, only a slight reduction in the prevalence of anemia was observed (24% vs 17.8% p=0.043).
Conclusions: Despite the GFD and a very long observational period the diagnosis of anemia persists in 17.8% and 4.4% of adult and pediatric patients, respectively. The diagnostic delay (longer in adult patients) and a more pronounced ultrastructural mucosal injury could play a role in the persistence of anemia despite the GFD.
National Trends in The Treatment of Adult Diffuse Midline Gliomas: A Rare Clinical Scenario
Authors: Desai Jay , Rajkumar Sujay , Shepard Matthew , Herbst John , Karlovits Stephen , Hasan Shakir , Horne Zachary , Wegner Rodney 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) include all gliomas with a diffuse growth pattern occurring in midline structures of the brainstem. These tumors are classified as World Health Organization grade 4 with a mean survival between 9 and 19 months following diagnosis. There is currently no standard of care for DMG, and palliative radiation therapy has been proven to only extend survival by months. Our current study aims to report current treatment trends and predictors of the overall survival of DMG.
Methods: We searched the National Cancer Database for adult patients treated for DMG from 2004 through 2020. Patients were required to have been treated with primary radiation directed at the brain with or without concurrent chemotherapy. Univariable and multivariable Cox regressions were used to determine predictors of overall survival.
Results: Of the 131 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 113 (86%) received radiation and chemotherapy. Based on multivariable Cox regression, significant predictors of survival were Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index and race. Patients with a Charlson-Deyo score of 1 had 2.72 times higher odds of mortality than those with a score of 0. Patients not identifying as White or Black had 2.67 times higher odds of mortality than those identifying as White. The median survival for all patients was 19 months.
Conclusions: Despite being considered ineffective, chemotherapy is still administered in most adult patients diagnosed with DMG. Significant predictors of survival were Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index and race.
Shared Environmental Challenges: A Comparative Analysis of Saline Lakes and Inland Seas' Decline.
Authors: Sultonov Zafarjon , Pant Hari K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The study employs a comparative analyses using case study approach to identify the main drivers and factors for saline lakes and inland seas’ decline. Additionally the study investigates the potential outcomes and negative consequences and adverse effects associated with this issue. Furthermore, the research focuses on emergence of a new threat in the face of climate change and it’s implication for the decline of saline lakes and inland seas. The main objective of the study is to provide an overview of the current situations and potential scenarios and provide solutions in the context of changing climatic conditions which is very crucial to efficiently managing the issue of saline lakes and inland seas’ decline across the globe.