bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of fetal hemoglobin in the development and progression of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Authors: Prasad Nishi , Dubey Aditi , Kumar Kavita , Shrivastava Jyotsna 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to find the association between fetal hemoglobin (HbF) concentration and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants.

Methods:
In this observational, prospective, longitudinal study, a total of 410 preterm infants with <36 gestational weeks and <2.5 kg birth weight, who were attending ROP clinic in a tertiary care hospital of central India for 1 year duration were included. Dilated fundus examination was done as per ROP screening guidelines, and ROP was staged as per international classification for retinopathy of prematurity (ICROP) classification, 2021. HbF (%) was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography, and data was analyzed statistically. The relationship between HbF (%) and ROP was evaluated. Those infants who had ROP were further divided into treatment-requiring and non–treatment-requiring groups and HbF was compared in these groups at the first visit and after 1-month follow-up period. The outcome of ROP was studied with HbF levels.

Results:
A total of 410 preterm infants were included, out of which 110 infants had ROP (26.8%). Infants with ROP had significantly lower percentage of HbF with gestational age groups and birth weight groups, compared to infants without ROP. Higher percentage of HbF was associated with a lower prevalence of ROP. Higher concentration of HbF was found in the ROP infants who regressed spontaneously without treatment and less concentration was found in those who progressed to a severe disease and those who required treatment. The predictive ability of HbF (%) was 0.976 for ROP.

Conclusion:
Low fraction of HbF was found to be significantly associated with the development and progression of ROP.
Evaluation and comparison of sonographic difficult airway assessment parameters with clinical airway predictors
Authors: Anushaprasath U , Kumar Mritunjay , Kamal Manoj , Bhatia Pradeep , Kaloria Narendra , Paliwal Bharat , Gupta Sunit Kumar , Mohammed Sadik , Sharma Ankur 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims:
None of the clinical difficult airway predictors are 100% sensitive and specific. Ultrasound is being used for airway assessment, but there is still no established parameters or model to predict difficult laryngoscopy. This observational study was planned to determine the predictive ability of clinical and sonography-based airway assessment parameters for difficult laryngoscopy and intubation.

Material and Methods:
A total of 130 patients of 18–60 years of age undergoing elective intubation were included. The distribution of Cormack–Lehane (CL) grade and intubation difficulty scale (IDS) was correlated with the clinical and sonographic screening parameters for difficult airways.

Results:
The prevalence of difficult laryngoscopy and difficult intubation in our study was 17.6% and 11.5%, respectively. Mallampati grade (MMG), upper lip bite test (ULBT), neck circumference, hyomental distance ratio (HMDR), tongue thickness (TT), skin to epiglottis/epiglottis to vocal cord distance (SED/E-VC), and mandibular condylar mobility (MCM) had significant association with the difficult laryngoscopy and MMG, neck circumference, SED, SED/E-VC; MCM had significant association with the difficult intubation. The combination of these predictors showed better diagnostic ability for difficult airways. Model 1 based on ultrasound parameters showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.848 (CI- 0.748-0.947, P value < 0.0001) and model 2 based on combined clinical and ultrasound parameters showed an AUC of 0.755 (95% CI- 0.631-0.879, P value < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Ultrasound-based airway predictors can help in predicting difficult laryngoscopy and intubation along with the clinical parameters. Individual sonographic predictors have moderately satisfactory diagnostic profiles. The models based on combined tests have better diagnostic value.
Peters anomaly: An overview
Authors: Khasnavis Arpita , Fernandes Merle 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Peters anomaly (PA) is a rare, often bilateral, congenital corneal opacity, usually with a sporadic inheritance pattern, characterized by corneal opacities and irido-corneal or lenticular-corneal adhesions with a defect in the Descemet’s membrane, occurring due to anterior segment dysgenesis during fetal development. Due to other ocular and systemic comorbidities, a team comprising pediatric cornea, glaucoma, and strabismus specialists in addition to a pediatrician and geneticist is necessary for the appropriate management of these children. Since the outcome of pediatric penetrating keratoplasty is variable and has a higher chance of failure when accompanied by additional procedures, such as lensectomy and vitrectomy, minimally invasive alternatives are increasingly being offered to these patients. Of note is the recently reported novel procedure: selective endothelialectomy for PA, which avoids the need for a corneal transplant and results in gradual clearing of the corneal opacity over time. In this overview, we aimed to describe the etiology, classification, pathophysiology, histopathology, clinical features, and management of PA.
Trend for hypospadias repair among surgeons in Saudi Arabia: Insights and recommendations
Authors: Ahmed Ehab Mahmoud 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
Currently, there are many techniques available for repairing hypospadias in urogenital reconstructive surgery.

Aim:
The purpose of this survey is to determine the preferred age of hypospadias repair patients, as well as the preferred surgical techniques among Saudi urologic and pediatric surgeons.

Materials and Methods:
An E-mail questionnaire was sent to urologic and pediatric surgeons throughout Saudi Arabia.

Results:
Forty-six participants from the Saudi regions returned completed questionnaires. Sixty-five percent of participants preferred age to do surgery on 6–18 months. While, 50% preferred meatal advancement and glanduloplasty techniques for coronal/glandular hypospadias, and 46% participate that tubularized incised plate (TIP). It was found that 86% of the participants admitted to using TIP procedure for subcoronal/distal penile hypospadias, whereas the majority of them (63%) used TIP for midpenile/proximal hypospadias with significant value P < 0.05. Ninety-eight percentage of surgeons stated that they prefer performing the chordee repair simultaneously. As a final note, 91% of participants have been omitted preoperative androgen in their protocols.

Conclusions and Recommendation:
We concluded from the surgeons’ preferences regarding hypospadias repair in this study, that their preferences are highly successful rate and have few complications; however, we highly recommend using this study as a basis for future studies.
Prediction of locally advanced bladder tumor using preoperative clinical parameters
Authors: Warli Syah Mirsya , Prapiska Fauriski Febrian , Siregar Dewi Indah Sari , Wijaya William Saputra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
Staging of bladder cancer (BC) still remains a challenge. In conjunction with imaging, there is a critical need for accessible and cost-effective predictors to evaluate the existence of locally advanced disease.

Objective:
Our aim was to determine the role of preoperative clinical parameters in predicting locally advanced cT3/4 and/or cN+ in BC.

Materials and Methods:
Single-center data consisting of 32 patients were collected prospectively and eligible for the final analysis. The demographics data, presence of hydronephrosis, and results of renal function test (blood urea nitrogen [BUN] and serum creatinine [SCr]) were analyzed between the groups. Analysis of the receiver-operating characteristics curve was performed to determine the optimal cutoff value, sensitivity, and specificity of the preoperative clinical parameters, whereas multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the predictive analysis.

Results:
According to preoperative computed tomography imaging, 17 (53.1%) out of 32 patients with BC had locally advanced disease. Preoperative hydronephrosis and renal insufficiency as indicated by BUN and SCr levels were independently associated with the presence of locally advanced disease (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that the presence of preoperative hydronephrosis and higher level of BUN and SCr were the independent predictors of locally advanced BC (Odds ratio [OR] =6.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40–31.05; P = 0.017; OR = 6.6; 95% CI: 1.40–31.05; P = 0.017; OR = 18.67; 95% CI: 3.16–110.29; P = 0.001, respectively). No further variables were statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Preoperative assessment of hydronephrosis and renal insufficiency was able to predict locally advanced stage risk of BC cT3/4 and/or cN+; thus, preoperative staging might be improved. However, further studies are required to corroborate these findings.
Human Computer Interaction Applications in Healthcare: An Integrative Review
Authors: Mishra Ritunsa , Satpathy Rabinarayan , Pati Bibudhendu 
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: Human computer interaction (HCI) interprets the design model and the uses of computer technology which focuses on the interface between the user and the computer. HCI is a very important factor in the design of software-oriented decision-making ideas in health-care organizations and also it assists in accurate detection of image, disease including safety of the patients.
OBJECTIVES: There are some pitfalls arises over some previous works on cloud based HCI applications. For that reason, to masafety, patient’s safety we wanted to work on explainable artificial intelligence (x-AI) and human intelligence in conjunction with HCI in various fields and algorithms to pro-vide transparency to the user. This may also use some web-based technologies and digital platforms with HCI for development of quality, safety and usability of the patients.
METHODS: The purpose of this study about the communication between the HCI design and healthcare system through client and apply that method to the information system of Healthcare department to analyse the functions, effects and outcomes.
RESULTS: The integration of explainable artificial intelligence (x-AI) and human intelligence with Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) demonstrated promising potential in enhancing patient safety and optimizing healthcare processes.
CONCLUSION: By leveraging web-based technologies and digital platforms, this study established a framework for improving the quality, safety, and usability of healthcare services through effective communication between HCI design and healthcare systems.
Perception and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination among Nurses Working in Selected Primary Healthcare Facilities in Ethiope East Local Government Area, Delta State
Authors: Mukoro U. Jemima , Esievo Njideka Judith , Egbe Cordelia Happiness 
Published: October 2023

Background: Knowing that social distancing and quarantine slow the spread of the COVID-19 virus and flatten the epidemic curve; it may not be sufficient to completely halt the spread of COVID-19, herd immunity gained by infection or vaccination will need to be well established within the population. However, the availability of COVID-19 vaccines may not translate into its uptake.
Aim: Thus, the researcher explored the perception and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among 200 Nurses working in selected primary healthcare facilities in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State.
Method: Purposeful sampling was used to access 200 Nurses, the data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire and analysed electronically with a descriptive statistics package on SPSS version 25.0.
Results: Findings revealed that the majority (60% ) of nurses have a good perception towards COVID-19 vaccination and that a large majority (62%) will readily accept the uptake. Factors influencing the uptake include; the safety of a vaccine developed in an emergency, during an epidemic cannot be considered guaranteed, trust in the Ministry of Health and National to ensure that vaccines are safe, trust in science to develop safe effective new vaccines, trust in the authorities in the fight against COVID-19, the perception of not to be at considerable risk of developing complications and having had the COVID-19 disease.
Conclusion: Findings revealed that the majority of nurses have a good perception towards COVID-19 vaccination while only a few had a poor perception, while one-third of the participants would reject COVID-19 vaccination, two third would readily accept the uptake.
Community Health Needs Assessment on Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake among Women of Reproductive Age in Ijero Local Government Area of Ekiti State
Authors: Olatade Maitanmi Julius , Omolara Kio Janet , Titilope Maitanmi Bukola , Oluwafemi Ogungbesan Joshua , Zimako Kosi , Abiodun-Ojo Olubukola Esther , Atekoja Oluwabusolami Esther 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer contributing to high mortality and morbidity all over the world. However, early diagnosis with screening has been linked with good prognosis but different factors have been implicated in the poor uptake. Hence, a community health needs assessment about cervical cancer screening uptake among women of reproductive age in Ijero Local Government Area (LGA) of Ekiti State Nigeria was carried out.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used using a purposive sampling technique to administer a self-structured questionnaire to 132 respondents at the Ijero Local Government Council Secretariat, Ijero-Ekiti. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23. Results were presented in tables and figures.
Results: The majority (85.5%) of the respondents were Christians. 72.5% were married. The vast majority (98.1) have heard about cervical cancer screening before but only 12.6% of the respondents had good knowledge about it. The utilization rate was found to be low (26.1%). Not knowing the test location (69.4%), finance (82.9%), lack of proximity (91.9%), not considering self as at risk (81.2%), and not having complaints about the cervix (90.9) were the main factors influence the utilization of the screening process.
Conclusion: Knowledge and the utilization of women of reproductive age in Ijero LGA of Ekiti State is still poor. Healthcare workers and the government of the Ekiti State should ensure that the women of reproductive age are well equipped with the needed knowledge in order to make informed choices about their health.
Survey of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic in two Selected Health Centers in Lugbe, AMAC, FCT, Abuja
Authors: Okoroiwu G.I.A. , Ubosi N.I. , Onoja H. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Hepatitis B Virus is a small, double-stranded DNA, and perinatal transmission from mother to infant at birth is highly efficient as many as 90% of infants. This was aimed at investigating the Knowledge and Status of Hepatitis B among pregnant women attending antenatal care in two selected health centres in Lugbe, Abuja.
Method: A total of 220 pregnant women ranging from 15- 45+ years were randomly selected and assessed on demographic characteristics, HBV, knowledge and prevention of HBV infection using a well-structured self-administered questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0.
Result: The result revealed that more than half (70.0%) of the respondents have not suffered the infection, while 26.8% have. More than three-quarters (85.0%) of the participants had only a single sexual partner, and 1.4% had more than three sexual partners. The majority (58.6%) identified HBV as the cause of hepatitis. Nevertheless, the majority were not knowledgeable about the risk factors of hepatitis, as more than half of them, believed that avoiding multiple sexual partners, sharing sharp objects, blood transfusion and vaccination do not prevent the contraction of the infection. There is a significant relationship between the participant's marital status, educational level and hepatitis status(p=0.044).
Conclusion: The status of Hepatitis B virus infection was higher (26.8%) than what has been reported, and can be attributed to a low level of knowledge among the respondents on the causes of the infection. An aggressive campaign to increase knowledge and create more awareness among the respondents in the area should be mounted.
Effects of Academic Coaching on Nursing Students` Academic Stress at Nursing Schools in Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Lawali Yakubu , Garko Muhammad Ali 
Published: October 2023

Background: When students are unable to manage their stress, it becomes dangerous and may impair their performance. The literature suggests coaching to improve student achievement.
Aim: This study aimed to determine how academic coaching impacted academic stress in nursing students in northwest Nigeria.
Method: The study was quantitative, quasi-experimental with a pre-post-test data collection. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 128 students out of the 190 target population. Four clinical instructors provided coaching packages to the study group. The Scale for Assessing Academic Stress was used to gather information both before and two months after coaching. Coaching was delivered for six (6) weeks. Descriptive and Chi-square analysis was conducted.
Results: The study found that the prevalence of stress before coaching intervention was 87.5% in the study group and 85.9% in the control group. The study group experienced mild (33.93%), moderate (58.93%), and severe (7.14%) stress, while the control group experienced mild (38.18%), moderate (56.36%), and severe (5.17%). However, after the coaching intervention, the prevalence of stress in the study and control groups was 14.1% and 84.38%, respectively. The study group experienced mild (5.56) and moderate (44.44%) stress, while the control group experienced mild (35.19%), moderate (59.25%), and severe (5.56%) stress.
Conclusion: The study concluded that a coaching program is an essential tool for reducing students' academic stress.
Gap Analysis of Factors Affecting Tendering Phase of PPP Projects in Nigeria
Authors: Dandago A.A. , Adogbo K.J. , Ahmadu H.A. , Danjuma J.Z. 
Published: October 2023

Tendering phase as a key factor for PPP projects is complicated and has some major problems including lengthy negotiation time and high cost. The CSFs identified at other stages do not address these issues of the tendering stage. In order to ensure the success tendering stages of PPP projects in the construction industry, this paper conducted a gap analysis of the importance level of CSFs for the tendering stages of PPP projects in Nigeria. Using a survey design, the participation, level of knowledge, and experience of professionals involved in the tendering stages of PPP projects, as well as the expected and observed significance of CSFs, were evaluated. To sample professionals' opinions in the study area, a closed-ended questionnaire was used. Quadrant and gap analyses were used to analyse the collected data. The research reveals a high level of expected importance for CSFs in the bidding stages of PPP projects but a lower level of observed importance. In addition, the study provided recommendations for bridging the sustainability gap between tendering stages and PPP initiatives in general. This paper reaches the conclusion that there is a disparity between the expected and observed importance CSFs in the tendering stages of PPP projects and discusses the CSFs that required attention but did not receive it. These CSFs, if observed as expected during the tendering phases of PPP projects, will improve the private-public relations of PPP stakeholders and the probity of the processes.
Effects of Population Increase on Peri-Urban Land Growth in Asa Local Government Area, Kwara State
Authors: Morenikeji G.B. , Idowu O.O. , Adeleye B.M. , Bankole O.R. , Anjide T.W. 
Published: October 2023

The rapid growth of world population and its agglomeration in cities and towns around the world is affecting the longterm outlook for humanity, in such that the process of urban growth and the effect at the peri-urban areas are universal, occurring all over the world. This study aimed at assessing the effects of population increase on the growth of periurban land in Asa local government area, Kwara State. Secondary data, via satellite imageries covering 2000, 2010 and 2021 were mainly used in analyzing the changes that occurred within twenty years. Remote sensing and GIS approaches to satellite imagery processing were adopted using ILWIS and ERDAS IMAGINE 9.2 software to subset the imageries, as well used for classification resampling. The result on built-up area reveals a consistence increase of over 80% between 2000 and 2021. The vegetation cover suffered a serious loss of vegetal land to the tune over 100 hectares due to various degree of development and expansion of the town. The water body also affected with loss in space covered with 80 hectares within the period under study. With a tremendous population increase, the study indicates a high demand for land and vegetal resources, which in turns possess a serious threat to food production. The study concludes that population increase remains the most significant determinant of peri-urban changes with a resultant effect on the wellbeing of peri-urban residents and rural dwellers. It therefore, recommends the adoption and application of strategic physical planning approach in the development of the peri-urban areas.
Assessment of Airport Service Quality at Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport (Makia) Kano
Authors: Ohida M.E. , Ajiboye A.O. , Isah J.A. , Abubakar I.D. , Garba H.A. , Baba Y.N. 
Published: October 2023

Airports are a hub for aviation activities which support Airlines operations. Airport service quality measurement is required to promote satisfaction level among Air travellers by continuously improving the defected services. The study purpose is to assess Airports service quality at Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport (MAKIA) in Kano. Using purposive sampling, MAKIA was picked out of 31 Airports in Nigeria. Cochran formulae was used to determine a total of 384 questionnaires which were administered to air travellers boarding and onboarding passengers at the terminal building. The Airport service quality measurement scale was adapted from SERVPERF model with 22 service attributes believed that air travellers attached more importance to. The study outcome showed that the average Airport service quality score was 2.701. In addition, the results revealed that there exists a statistically significant relationship between service quality and air traveller satisfaction on; reliable and updated electronic information system (P-value=0.004), Airport safety and security services (P-value= 0.000), Prompt service from airline operation (P-value= 0.001) and Provision of assistance to minor (P-value = 0.002). This study therefore concludes that Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport offered a bad service to air travellers. The study recommends among others that, Airport staff courtesy should be improved through subjecting their staff to behavioural management training by the top management. service quality is an area which both Airport management and airlines can increase their revenue through increasing patronages. Therefore, a decisive measure by the Airport authority to improve the service offered will increase the service quality rating at Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport.