bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, crystal structure, and spectroscopic characterization of aminoguanidinium thiosulfate, (CN4H7)2S2O3
Authors: Charkin Dmitri O. , Banaru Alexander M. , Ivanov Semen A. , Kireev Vadim E. , Dmitriev Dmitri N. , Aksenov Sergey M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAminoguanidinium thiosulfate, (CN4H7)2S2O3 (1), was prepared via an exchange route from barium thiosulfate and aminoguanidinium sulfate. The new compound is monoclinic, a=12.8344(6) Å, b=13.9134(6) Å, c=6.8757(3) Å, β=115.529(5)°, and crystallizes in a centrosymmetric C2/m space group. Its crystal structure can be considered either as pseudo‐columnar comprised of stacked [CN4H7]+ cations and isolated [S2O3]2− anions which are actively involved in hydrogen bonding, or as H‐bonded bilayers comprised of both [CN4H7]+ and [S2O3]2− of topologic type 3,6L60. The latter ones are H‐bound into a 4,8‐coordinated bearing framework of the type scu.
Almost everywhere divergence of Cesàro means of subsequences of partial sums of trigonometric Fourier series
Authors: Gát György 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the relationship between pointwise convergence of the arithmetic means corresponding to the subsequence of partial Fourier sums $$(S_{k_j}f: j\in \mathbb {N})$$

(

S

k
j

f
:
j
∈
N
)

(for $$f\in L^1(\mathbb {T})$$

f
∈

L
1

(
T
)

) and the structure of the chosen subsequence of the sequence of natural numbers $$(k_j: j\in \mathbb {N})$$

(

k
j

:
j
∈
N
)

. More precisely, the problem we deal with is to provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a subsequence $$\mathcal {N}$$
N
of $$\mathbb {N}$$
N
that has the following property: for any subsequence $$\mathcal {N^{\prime }} = (k_j: j\in \mathbb {N})$$

N
′

=

(

k
j

:
j
∈
N
)

of $$\mathcal {N}$$
N
and any $$f\in L^1(\mathbb {T})$$

f
∈

L
1

(
T
)

one has $$\frac{1}{N}\sum _{j=1}^N S_{k_j}f(x) \rightarrow f(x)$$

1
N

∑

j
=
1

N

S

k
j

f

(
x
)

→
f

(
x
)

for a.e. $$x\in \mathbb {T}$$

x
∈
T

. A direct corollary of this paper’s main theorem is that there exists a subsequence $$(k_j)$$

(

k
j

)

of the sequence of natural numbers and an integrable function f such that the arithmetic means of $$S_{k_j}f$$

S

k
j

f

do not converge to f almost everywhere. This is a negative answer to a question that originated in an article by Zalcwasser in 1936 Zalcwasser (Stud. Math. 6, 82–88 (1936)) for some increasing sequences $$(k_j)$$

(

k
j

)

of natural numbers.
Chiral Matter Multiplicities and Resolution-Independent Structure in 4D F-Theory Models
Authors: Jefferson Patrick , Taylor Washington , Turner Andrew P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMotivated by questions related to the landscape of flux compactifications, we combine new and existing techniques into a systematic, streamlined approach for computing vertical fluxes and chiral matter multiplicities in 4D F-theory models. A central feature of our approach is the conjecturally resolution-independent intersection pairing of the vertical part of the integer middle cohomology of smooth elliptic Calabi–Yau fourfolds, relevant for computing chiral indices and related aspects of 4D F-theory flux vacua. We illustrate our approach by analyzing vertical flux backgrounds for F-theory models with simple, simply-laced gauge groups and generic matter content, as well as models with $${\text {U}}(1)$$

U
(
1
)

gauge factors. We explicitly analyze resolutions of these F-theory models in which the elliptic fiber is realized as a cubic in $${\mathbb {P}}^2$$

P

2

over an arbitrary (e.g., not necessarily toric) smooth base, and confirm the independence of the intersection pairing of the vertical part of the middle cohomology for the resolutions we study. In each model, we find that vertical flux backgrounds can produce nonzero multiplicities for a spanning set of anomaly-free chiral matter field combinations, suggesting that F-theory geometry imposes no additional linear constraints on allowed matter representations beyond those implied by 4D anomaly cancellation.
Poverty attributions in Guyana: Between self-interest, resentment, and ideology
Authors: Abts Koen , Thomas Troy , Van Hootegem Arno 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examines which poverty attributions are present in Guyana, a developing country in South America, and tests which variables explain these attributions in a non-Western context by linking them to structural characteristics, feelings of resentment, and values. First, using survey data from the Values and Poverty Study in Guyana (N = 1,557), we find that the traditional three-tier model does not adequately capture Guyanese attributions of poverty. Instead, confirmatory factor analysis identifies some subdimensions of structural attributions that refer to both social and economic structure, a hybrid dimension linking poverty to family breakup, and explanations related to social and individual fate. Second, we examine the impact of feelings of resentment on poverty attributions. In particular, experiences of powerlessness foster structural, fatalistic, and family attributions of poverty, illustrating the role of a lack of external locus of control. Finally, our study shows that ideological values and egalitarianism have the strongest predictive power.
‘The goddess that we serve’: projecting international community at the first serial chemistry conferences, 1893–1914
Authors: Somsen Geert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe emergence of conferences in the late nineteenth century significantly changed the ways in which the international scientific community functioned and experienced itself. In the early modern Republic of Letters, savants mainly related through print and correspondence, and apart from at local and later national levels, scholars rarely met. International conferences, by contrast, brought scientists together regularly, in the flesh and in great numbers. Their previously imagined community now became tangible. This paper examines how conferencing reshaped the collective of international scientists by zooming in on the massive meetings of the International Congress of Applied Chemistry, 1893–1914. Drawing on Emile Durkheim's studies of religious gatherings it analyses the ritualization of routine conference practices, such as plenary ceremonies, toasts, ladies’ programmes and committee meetings. It looks at how roles were distributed as participants performed as hosts and guests, and in masculine and feminine and national and international identities. Importantly, it shows both how the sacralization of chemistry as a higher aim served to instil senses of dedication in order to organize labour and mitigate conflict, and how the self-perception of the international chemical community was based on contemporary understandings of parliament, democracy and representation.
GREAT EXPECTATIONS: WORDPLAY AS WARFARE IN CAESAR'S BELLVM CIVILE
Authors: Ginsberg Lauren Donovan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article argues that Caesar puns on the cognomen of Pompey the Great through his use of the adjective magnus at least twice in his Bellum Civile. In each instance, the wordplay contributes to (1) evoking the memory of Pompey's past triumphs and (2) exploring the gulf between past reputation and present reality. By focussing on this particular wordplay, the article contributes to a wider discussion of Caesarean language and wit as well as to studies of Caesar's art of characterization.
A Two‐Step Linear Model to Fill the Data Gap Between GRACE and GRACE‐FO Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies
Authors: Yang Xinchun , You Wei , Tian Siyuan , Jiang Zhongshan , Wan Xiangyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its Follow‐On (GRACE‐FO) missions have revolutionized global terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSA) measurements. However, the 11‐month data gap between the two GRACE missions disrupts the measurement continuity and limits its further applications. Previous attempts to fill this data gap require further improvement in terms of method robustness and product quality. Here, we propose a novel two‐step linear model using precipitation, temperature data, and hydrological model‐simulated TWSA as predictors to fill the 11‐month data gap between the two GRACE missions and generate six global gridded GRACE‐like TWSA products from April 2002 to July 2021. These products are evaluated at grid scale globally and also basin scale for the world's largest 72 river basins. Results indicate that our GRACE‐like data show great consistency with the GRACE/GRACE‐FO observations. While most basins exhibit consistent performance across the six GRACE‐like TWSA products, certain areas with lower signal‐to‐noise ratios show significant variability. Furthermore, we assess the performance of our GRACE‐like data during the data gap using one previous reconstruction, a hydrological model simulation, and the Swarm satellite measurement. The results confirm that our GRACE‐like data exhibit equivalent performance within and outside the data gap. This study introduces a more simple and robust method for predicting the missing data between the two GRACE missions and provides readily applicable continuous GRACE‐like TWSA products for hydrologic applications.
Application of machine learning standardized integral area algorithm in measuring the scoliosis
Authors: Han Shuman , Zhao Hongyu , Zhang Yi , Yang Chen , Han Xiaonan , Wu Huizhao , Cao Lei , Yu Baohai , Wen Jin-Xu , Wu Tianhao , Gao Bulang , Wu Wenjuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study was to develop a computer vision evaluation method to automatically measure the degree of scoliosis based on the machine learning algorithm. For the X-ray images of 204 patients with idiopathic scoliosis who underwent full-spine radiography, histogram equalization of original image was performed before a flipping method was used to magnify asymmetric elements, search for the global maximum pixel value in each line, and scan local maximal pixel value, with the intersection set of two point sets being regarded as candidate anchor points. All fine anchors were fitted with cubic spline algorithm to obtain the approximate curve of the spine, and the degree of scoliosis was measured by the standardized integral area. All measured data were analyzed. In manual measurement, the Cobb angle was 11.70–25.00 (20.15 ± 3.60), 25.20–44.70 (33.89 ± 5.41), and 45.10–49.40 (46.98 ± 1.25) in the mild, moderate and severe scoliosis group, respectively, whereas the value for the standardized integral area algorithm was 0.072–0.298 (0.185 ± 0.040), 0.100–0.399 (0.245 ± 0.050), and 0.246–0.901 (0.349 ± 0.181) in the mild, moderate and severe scoliosis group, respectively. Correlation analysis between the manual measurement of the Cobb angle and the evaluation of the standardized integral area algorithm demonstrated the Spearman correlation coefficient r = 0.643 (P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the manual measurement of the Cobb angle and the measurement of the standardized integral area value. Two methods had good consistency in evaluating the degree of scoliosis. ROC curve analysis of the standardized integral area algorithm to measure the degree of scoliosis showed he cutoff value of the standardized integral area algorithm was 0.20 for the moderate scoliosis with an AUC of 0.865, sensitivity 0.907, specificity 0.635, accuracy 0.779, positive prediction value 0.737 and negative prediction value 0.859, and the cutoff value of the standardized integral area algorithm was 0.40 for the severe scoliosis with an AUC of 0.873, sensitivity 0.188, specificity 1.00, accuracy 0.936, positive prediction value 1 and a negative prediction value 0.935. Using the standardized integral area as an independent variable and the Cobb angle as a dependent variable, a linear regression equation was established as Cobb angle = 13.36 + 70.54 × Standardized area, the model has statistical significance. In conclusion, the integrated area algorithm method of machine learning can quickly and efficiently assess the degree of scoliosis and is suitable for screening the degree of scoliosis in a large dataset as a useful supplement to the fine measurement of scoliosis Cobb angle.
Biosynthetic gene cluster profiling from North Java Sea Virgibacillus salarius reveals hidden potential metabolites
Authors: Radjasa Ocky Karna , Steven Ray , Humaira Zalfa , Dwivany Fenny Martha , Nugrahapraja Husna , Trinugroho Joko Pebrianto , Kristianti Tati , Chahyadi Agus , Natanael Yosua , Priharto Neil , Kamarisima  , Sembiring Farisa Amalia P. B. , Dwijayanti Ari , Kusmita Lia , Moeis Maelita R. , Suhardi V. Sri Harjati 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVirgibacillus salarius 19.PP.SC1.6 is a coral symbiont isolated from Indonesia's North Java Sea; it has the ability to produce secondary metabolites that provide survival advantages and biological functions, such as ectoine, which is synthesized by an ectoine gene cluster. Apart from being an osmoprotectant for bacteria, ectoine is also known as a chemical chaperone with numerous biological activities such as maintaining protein stability, which makes ectoine in high demand in the market industry and makes it beneficial to investigate V. salarius ectoine. However, there has been no research on genome-based secondary metabolite and ectoine gene cluster characterization from Indonesian marine V. salarius. In this study, we performed a genomic analysis and ectoine identification of V. salarius. A high-quality draft genome with total size of 4.45 Mb and 4426 coding sequence (CDS) was characterized and then mapped into the Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG) category. The genus Virgibacillus has an "open" pangenome type with total of 18 genomic islands inside the V. salarius 19.PP.SC1.6 genome. There were seven clusters of secondary metabolite-producing genes found, with a total of 80 genes classified as NRPS, PKS (type III), terpenes, and ectoine biosynthetic related genes. The ectoine gene cluster forms one operon consists of ectABC gene with 2190 bp gene cluster length, and is successfully characterized. The presence of ectoine in V. salarius was confirmed using UPLC-MS/MS operated in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode, which indicates that V. salarius has an intact ectoine gene clusters and is capable of producing ectoine as compatible solutes.
Amino acid supplementation counteracts negative effects of low protein diets on tail biting in pigs more than extra environmental enrichment
Authors: Minussi Ilaria , Gerrits Walter J. J. , Jansman Alfons J. M. , Gerritsen Rosemarijn , Lambert William , Zonderland Johan J. , Bolhuis J. Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLow protein (LP) diets may increase the occurrence of damaging behaviours, like tail biting, in pigs. We investigated the effect of supplementing a LP diet with indispensable amino acids (IAA) or environmental enrichment on tail biting. Undocked pigs (n = 48 groups of 12) received either a normal protein diet (NP), a LP, LP with supplemented IAA (LP+), or LP diet with extra environmental enrichment (LP-E+) during the starter, grower, and finisher phase. Performance, activity, behaviour, and body damage were recorded. LP and LP-E+ had a lower feed intake, growth, and gain-to-feed ratio, and were more active than NP and LP+ pigs. LP-E+ pigs interacted most often with enrichment materials, followed by LP, LP+, and NP pigs. LP pigs showed more tail biting than all other groups during the starter phase and the finisher phase (tendency) compared to NP and LP+ pigs. Thus, LP-E+ only reduced tail biting in the starter phase, whereas LP+ tended to do so throughout. Tail damage was more severe in LP pigs than in NP and LP+, with LP-E+ in between. In conclusion, IAA supplementation was more effective than extra environmental enrichment in countering the negative effects of a low protein diet on tail biting in pigs.
A new approach for approximating the p-value of a class of bivariate sign tests
Authors: Shanan Ibrahim A. A. , Abd-Elfattah Ehab F. , Abd El-Raheem Abd El-Raheem M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBivariate data are frequently encountered in many applied fields, including econometrics, engineering, physiology, biology, and medicine. For bivariate analysis, a wide range of non-parametric and parametric techniques can be applied. There are fewer requirements needed for non-parametric procedures than for parametric ones. In this paper, the saddlepoint approximation method is used to approximate the exact p-values of some non-parametric bivariate tests. The saddlepoint approximation is an approximation method used to approximate the mass or density function and the cumulative distribution function of a random variable based on its moment generating function. The saddlepoint approximation method is proposed in this article as an alternative to the asymptotic normal approximation. A comparison between the proposed method and the normal asymptotic approximation method is performed by conducting Monte Carlo simulation study and analyzing three numerical examples representing bivariate real data sets. In general, the results of the simulation study show the superiority of the proposed method over the asymptotic normal approximation method.
Co-cultivation of primary porcine RPE cells and neuroretina induces inflammation: a potential inflammatory AMD-model
Authors: Fietz Agnes , Schnichels Sven , Hurst José 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOne common aspect in the pathology of many retinal diseases like age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the death of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. RPE cells are essential for photoreceptor survival as they recycle and remove compounds of the visual cycle and secrete protective cytokines. Studying RPE cells is crucial to improve our understanding of retinal pathologies, yet only a few retinal ex vivo models include them or do so only indirectly. Besides the positive effects in indirect co-cultivation models, also a slight inflammation was observed. In this study we developed an ex vivo model consisting of a primary porcine RPE monolayer directly co-cultured with porcine retinal organ cultures, to investigate and simulate inflammatory retinal diseases, such as (dry) AMD. The direct co-cultivation resulted in immune reactivity (enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines e.g., IL-1β, IL-6,IL-8) and cell death. These effects were evaluated for the retinal explant as well as for the RPE-monolayer to further understand the complex interactions between these two compartments. Taken together, this ex vivo model can be used to study inflammatory retinal diseases like AMD as well as the rejection observed after RPE-transplantation.
Preparation and properties of novel binary and ternary highly amorphous poly(vinyl alcohol)-based composites with hybrid nanofillers
Authors: Stepura Anastasiia , Mičušik Matej , Olivieri Federico , Gentile Gennaro , Lavorgna Marino , Avella Maurizio , Matysová Edita , Vilčáková Jarmila , Omastová Mária 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSmart protective coatings and devices are currently of great interest. In particular, they can absorb or reflect harmful waves of electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this work, novel binary and ternary composites with highly amorphous poly(vinyl alcohol) (HAVOH) as a matrix and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and MXenes as nanofillers were prepared. HAVOH is a recently patented kind of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) that was modified with diol monomers. MXenes are a new type of inorganic two-dimensional (2D) nanoparticle consisting of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides. Three series of composites, HAVOH/SWCNTs, HAVOH/MXenes and HAVOH/SWCNTs/MXenes, were prepared using the solvent casting method. Samples were tested with various methods to study their structure, electrical properties, thermal behavior and EMI-shielding properties. HAVOH/3.0 wt.% SWCNTs/3.0 wt.% MXene specimens revealed a shielding effectiveness of 55 dB, which is 122 times better than that of the neat matrix. These results are promising for the fabrication of films with protective effects against EMI.
Boyle’s Law ignores dynamic processes in governing barotrauma in fish
Authors: Kerr J. R. , White P. R. , Leighton T. G. , Silva L. G. M. , Kemp P. S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe expansion and potential rupture of the swim bladder due to rapid decompression, a major cause of barotrauma injury in fish that pass through turbines and pumps, is generally assumed to be governed by Boyle’s Law. In this study, two swim bladder expansion models are presented and tested in silico. One based on the quasi-static Boyle’s Law, and a Modified Rayleigh Plesset Model (MRPM), which includes both inertial and pressure functions and was parametrised to be representative of a fish swim bladder. The two models were tested using a range of: (1) simulated and (2) empirically derived pressure profiles. Our results highlight a range of conditions where the Boyle’s Law model (BLM) is inappropriate for predicting swim bladder size in response to pressure change and that these conditions occur in situ, indicating that this is an applied and not just theoretical issue. Specifically, these conditions include any one, or any combination, of the following factors: (1) when rate of pressure change is anything but very slow compared to the resonant frequency of the swim bladder; (2) when the nadir pressure is near or at absolute zero; and (3) when a fish experiences liquid tensions (i.e. negative absolute pressures). Under each of these conditions, the MRPM is more appropriate tool for predicting swim bladder size in response to pressure change and hence it is a better model for quantifying barotrauma in fish.
A nonlinear fractional epidemic model for the Marburg virus transmission with public health education
Authors: Addai Emmanuel , Adeniji Adejimi , Ngungu Mercy , Tawiah Godfred Kuffuor , Marinda Edmore , Asamoah Joshua Kiddy K. , Khan Muhammad Altaf 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, a deterministic model for the dynamics of Marburg virus transmission that incorporates the impact of public health education is being formulated and analyzed. The Caputo fractional-order derivative is used to extend the traditional integer model to a fractional-based model. The model’s positivity and boundedness are also under investigation. We obtain the basic reproduction number $$\mathfrak {R_0}$$

R
0

and establish the conditions for the local and global asymptotic stability for the disease-free equilibrium of the model. Under the Caputo fractional-order derivative, we establish the existence-uniqueness theory using the Banach contraction mapping principle for the solution of the proposed model. We use functional techniques to demonstrate the proposed model’s stability under the Ulam-Hyers condition. The numerical solutions are being determined through the Predictor-Corrector scheme. Awareness, as a form of education that lowers the risk of danger, is reducing susceptibility and the risk of infection. We employ numerical simulations to showcase the variety of realistic parameter values that support the argument that human awareness, as a form of education, considerably lowers susceptibility and the risk of infection.