bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrigendum: Similar outcome with a new anteverted or a straight standard stem: a randomized study of 72 total hip arthroplasties evaluated with clinical variables, radio-stereometry, and DXA up to 2 years
Authors: RILBY Karin , Mohaddes Maziar , Nauclér Emma , Kärrholm Johan 
Published: December 2023

When we checked our data in our article “Similar outcome with a new anteverted or a straight standard stem: a randomized study of 72 total hip arthroplasties evaluated with clinical variables, radiostereometry, and DXA up to 2 years” by Karin Rilby, Maziar Mohaddes, Emma Nauclér, and Johan Kärrholm, Acta Orthop 2021; 92, Published online October 21, 2021 we noticed that the numbers in Table 7 (Supplementary data) were incorrect. We have not been able to fully reconstruct the reason for this error. We are sorry for this mistake. Even if the corrected numbers are different the overall conclusions will be same and also the statistical significances.
The effects of bracket removal on enamel
Authors: Heravi Farzin , Rashed Roozbeh , Raziee Leila 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Enamel cracks, which may develop during debonding orthodontic brackets, may jeopardise the integrity of the enamel and detract from the appearance of the teeth.

Aim
To compare the adhesive remnant scores (ARI), the number, lengths and directions of enamel cracks before bonding and after debonding metal orthodontic brackets with three different methods.

Methods
Metal brackets were bonded with a self-curing orthodontic adhesive to the buccal surfaces of 75 recently extracted upper and lower premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups, and the brackets removed either with a sidecutter, a single-blade bracket remover or a two-blade bracket remover. The number, directions and lengths of the enamel cracks before bonding and after debonding were compared. The number of ‘pronounced’ cracks (i.e. cracks that could be identified with the naked eye) and the ARI scores in each group were also compared.

Results
After debonding, the number of enamel cracks and pronounced cracks, and the lengths of the enamel cracks increased in all groups (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups. The ARI scores and the direction of propagation of the enamel cracks were not influenced by the debonding method used (p = 0.73).

Conclusions
Concerns about the enamel damage caused by the three methods of debonding justify caution. Despite widespread use of these methods, it would be sensible to search for methods that result in less enamel damage.
Validity, reliability and reproducibility of three methods used to measure tooth widths for Bolton analyses
Authors: Naidu Devan , Scott Justin , Ong Desmond , Ho Christopher T.C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Vernier calipers have traditionally been used as the ‘gold-standard’ for tooth width measurements. New digital methods may prove to be as valid, reliable and reproducible as caliper measurements.

Aims
To determine the validity, reliability and reproducibility of mesio-distal crown measurements made with calipers, using the DigiModel method and on digital photographs, and to determine the validity, reliability and reproducibility when the measurements are employed in Bolton tooth size analyses.

Methods
Twenty-five consecutive study models were used. The maximum mesio-distal crown widths of 12 teeth in each arch (first molar to first molar) were measured with digital calipers, using the DigiModel software (OrthoProof, Caulfield South, Victoria, Australia) and on standardised digital photographs of the models by eight examiners. One examiner measured all models three times using the three measurement methods, two examiners measured all models once using the three measurement methods and five examiners measured all models once using the calipers only. Validity for the widths of individual teeth, the mean tooth width and the Bolton ratios were assessed using a general linear model two-way analysis of variance and pair-wise comparisons between the two digital methods and the calipers. Reliability was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha and reproducibility with the intra-class correlation coefficient.

Results
There were statistically significant differences between the tooth widths measured with DigiModel and the calipers (p < 0.001) and with the calipers and digital photographs (p < 0.001). However these discrepancies were judged not to be clinically significant. The Cronbach’s alpha scores for all methods were classified as ‘excellent’. The intra-class correlation coefficient values exceeded 0.75 for the digital calipers, 0.79 for DigiModel and 0.54 for the digital photographs.

Conclusions
The validities of DigiModel and digital photographs for tooth width measurements and Bolton analyses are clinically acceptable. The reliability of both methods is also excellent. However, DigiModel software provided more accurate Bolton’s ratios and demonstrated greater reproducibility than the digital photographs.
Changes in soft tissue profile and electromyographic activity after activator treatment
Authors: Erdem Abdulvahit , Kilic Nihat , Eröz Barçin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
To date, few studies have correlated the changes in muscle activity and specific soft tissue variables in adolescents with malocclusions.

Objective
To determine associations between the soft tissue profile and electromyographic activities in temporalis, masseter and orbicularis oris muscles in children with Class II division 1 malocclusions treated with activators.

Methods
For this prospective study, 25 subjects with Class II division 1 malocclusions were randomly assigned to either a Treatment group (N = 15) or a Control group (N = 10). The mean skeletal ages of the subjects in the Treatment and Control groups were 11.3 ± 1.1 and 11.0 ± 1.3 years, respectively. The subjects in the Treatment group were treated with activators and the subjects in the Control group were untreated. Lateral cephalometric radiographs and EMG recordings of the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles during clenching, chewing and swallowing and the orbicularis oris muscle during whistling were obtained at the start of the study and 12 months later. Changes in the soft tissue profile were correlated with changes in the EMG activities in anterior temporalis, superficial masseter and orbicularis oris muscles.

Results
The upper lip to E line distance (UL-E) decreased more in the Treatment group than the Control group (p < 0.05) and the H angle decreased in the Treatment group, but increased in the Control group (p < 0.01). The EMG activities of temporalis and masseter muscles increased significantly in both groups. All between-group EMG differences were statistically significant with the exception of the activities in the temporalis and masseter muscles during swallowing. In the Treatment group, a significant positive correlation (r = .57) was found between the changes in UL-E and anterior temporalis activity during swallowing, and significant negative correlations were observed between the EMG activity of masseter muscle during swallowing and changes in LL-E (r = -.54), OLp-UL (r = -.55) and OLp-LL (r = -.67).

Conclusions
Activator therapy is accompanied by changes in the lips and temporalis and masseter activities during swallowing.
The dimensions of the roots of the human permanent dentition as a guide to the selection of optimal orthodontic forces
Authors: Lee Brian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe dimensions of the roots of the teeth are important in the assessment of orthodontic anchorage and to estimate the forces to be used during orthodontic tooth movement.AimsTo investigate the relations between the lengths, widths and projected areas of the roots of the permanent teeth.MethodsIntact, extracted human permanent teeth were photographed and the lengths, widths and projected areas of selected surfaces measured. Descriptive statistics and associations between selected linear dimensions and root areas were calculated.ResultsThe data showed significant kurtosis and skewness. Neither exponential nor polynomial transformations improved the goodness of fit, and there was no a priori reason to use other than linear regression. When the lengths of all teeth were multiplied by the respective widths of the mesial, distal and lingual surfaces, the correlations between the product of length and width and area improved in 28 out of 30 surfaces. In the lower arch the correlation coefficients ranged from r = .343 (mesial surface first premolar) to r = .845 (mesial surface of the canine). The correlations in the upper arch ranged from r = .201 (mesial surface of the second molar) to r = .847 (mesial surface lateral incisor).ConclusionsFor clinical purposes, root length may be an acceptable indicator of root area. Low correlations were attributed to variations in root shape.
Bond strengths of different orthodontic adhesives after enamel conditioning with the same self-etching primer
Authors: Scougall-Vilchis Rogelio J. , Zárate-Díaz Chrisel , Kusakabe Shusuke , Yamamoto Kohji 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim
To determine the shear bond strengths (SBS) of stainless steel brackets bonded with seven light-cured orthodontic adhesives after the enamel was conditioned with the same self-etching primer.

Methods
A total of 140 extracted human molars were randomly divided into seven groups (N = 20). In all the groups, the enamel was conditioned with Transbond Plus SEP (TPSEP). Stainless steel brackets were bonded with the following orthodontic adhesives: Group I, Transbond XT; Group II, Blūgloo; Group III, BeautyOrtho Bond; Group IV, Enlight; Group V, Light Bond; Group VI, Transbond CC; Group VII, Xeno Ortho. The teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 hours and debonded with a universal testing machine. The modified adhesive remnant index (ARI) was also recorded.

Results
There were no significant differences in the SBS values among the groups: I (18.0 ± 7.4 MPa); II (18.3 ± 5.1 MPa); III (14.8 ± 4.3 MPa); IV (18.3 ± 7.0 MPa); V (16.4 ± 4.3 MPa); VI (20.3 ± 5.3 MPa); VII (15.9 ± 6.4 MPa), but significant differences in ARI were found.

Conclusions
The seven orthodontic adhesives evaluated in this study can be successfully used for bonding stainless steel brackets when the enamel is conditioned with TPSEP, however, the differences among some groups might influence the clinical bond strengths. In addition, the amount of residual adhesive remaining on the teeth after debonding differed among the adhesives. Further studies are required to better understand the differences in SBS and ARI.
Effects of orthodontic treatment and premolar extractions on the mandibular third molars
Authors: Celikoglu Mevlut , Kamak Hasan , Akkas Ismail , Oktay Hüsamettin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
The space available for an unerupted mandibular third may depend on the choice of premolar extracted.

Aims
To investigate the effects of orthodontic treatment and premolar extractions on the inclinations of the mandibular third molars and the space available for their eruption, and to compare these changes with a nonextraction group.

Methods
The pre- and post-treatment panoramic radiographs of 54 subjects (20 males, 34 females) were used. Eighteen of these subjects had the four first premolars extracted, 16 subjects had four second premolars extracted and 20 subjects were treated nonextraction. Changes in the inclinations and spaces available for the unerupted third molars were compared.

Results
In the nonextraction group the third molars uprighted approximately 1 degree and in the second premolar extraction group the third molars uprighted 10 degrees. The spaces available for the third molars increased significantly in the first and second premolar extraction groups as compared with the space available in the nonextraction group.

Conclusions
Orthodontic treatment and extraction of the second premolars improved the inclinations of unerupted third molars and the space available for their eruption into the arch. The changes in inclination and eruption space were less marked following first premolar extractions.
Factors contributing to stability of protraction facemask treatment of Class III malocclusion
Authors: Gu Yan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim
To identify the craniofacial characteristics that contribute to long-term stability of protraction facemask treatment of Class III malocclusion.

Methods
Fifty subjects who met the following criteria were recruited: subjects with an anterior crossbite and ‘Wits’ appraisal < -3.5 mm; subjects who had been successfully treated with a protraction facemask (at the end of active orthopaedic treatment the overjet was overcorrected by more than 4 mm); the facemask treatment was started at either CS1 or CS2 and the subjects were followed until CS4; no subject had a congenital craniofacial deformity. Based on the occlusal status at CS4, three groups were identified: Stable group (SG), Unstable group (USG) and a Failed group (FG). One-way analysis of variance and Scheffe’s post-hoc multiple comparisons were used to analyse the differences between the groups. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used to identify the craniofacial characteristics able to predict the stability of protraction facemask treatment.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences between USG and FG. The N-S-Ar was significantly larger and Co-Gn, Wits and LAFH significantly smaller in the SG group as compared with the USG and FG groups. The critical score between SG and USG was 0.368 and between USG and FG it was -0.981. Individuals with scores higher than 0.368 showed relatively stable occlusions at CS4, whereas anterior crossbites returned in individuals with scores less than -0.981 at CS4. The overall percentage of correctly classified cases was 74 per cent, with 90.0 per cent in SG and 73.3 per cent in FG.

Conclusions
A severe maxillo-mandibular discrepancy, an increased vertical dimension and a prognathic mandible were unfavourable factors for long-term stability following early treatment of severe Class III subjects with protraction facemasks.
Visualising administrative division dynamics: transformation of borders and names in the Bohemian-Saxonian borderland
Authors: Bartůněk Martin , Bláha Jan D. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Regions are main building blocks of larger territorial units, but they also display high dynamics affecting how regional identities can be studied. The regional dynamics and multilayered nature ultimately require new approaches to their visual representation. The goal of this article is to present a novel approach to visual presentation of the administrative regions’ dynamics by cartographic means of representation in a synthetic map that can assist in the research of regional identities. We adopt the theory of the institutionalisation of regions, the administrative division of the state is a process in which the borders and names of regions are constantly transformed causing changes in the perception of the population. Then we analyse the laws on administrative division reforms and old/historical map documents. This enabled us to identify the dynamics of individual borders and names of administrative regions (choronyms) that form spaces with a higher or lower degree of stability. We propose a visualisation approach to represent such dynamics, and we assert that through cartographic visualisation of the degree of transformation in these spaces it is possible to get an insight into population’s awareness about the named regions and their delimitation.
Provisional Adoption of Draft Article 7 of the International Law Commission Articles on Immunity for Foreign Officials and Its Implications
Authors: Pereira Fontoura Lucas Da Costa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article analyses the consequences of the International Law Commission (ILC) adopting Draft Article 7, about exceptions to immunity ratione materiae of foreign criminal prosecution, in a seemingly rushed way, without solving the sometimes antagonistic views of its members and of the international community. To this end, the generally accepted rules of immunity were reviewed, followed by taking a closer look at the discussions within the ILC. It seems that the reasoning of the Special Rapporteur on the topic has failed to provide enough proof of state practice and opinio juris to affirm the customary status of an exception to immunity ratione materiae for international crimes. Had the commission tried to resolve the disagreement among its members, the provisional adoption of Draft Article 7 would not bring much criticism. As a result of the lack of clarity, however, national courts are applying said exceptions, which action is believed to be contrary to international law as it currently stands. This is one of the consequences of the provisional adoption, the other being the international responsibility of states which disregard the immunity of a foreign official, not to mention the deterioration of the friendly relationship between the forum State and the State of nationality of the official.
پێوەری بیرکردنەوەی پێکهێنەرانە لای خوێندکارانی بەشەکانی هونەر لە زانکۆی سلێمانی
Authors: امین یادگار محمد , خالد حسن فخرالدین , ڕشید ڕێبوار سعید 
Published: December 2023

ئامانجی توێژینەوەکە بریتیە لە پێوانەکردنی بیرکدنەوەی پێکهێنەرانە لای خوێندکارانی بەشە هونەریەکان لە زانکۆی سلێمانی هەروەها بەپێی ڕەگەزی گۆڕاوی (نێر – مێ) و بەپێی گۆڕاوی کۆلێج لەنێوان (خوێندکارانی کۆلێجی هونەر - خوێندکارانی کۆلێجى پەروەردەى بنەڕەتى/ بەشى پەروەردەى هونەر)، وە توێژینەوەکە بە میتۆدی (وەسفی) کاری لەسەر کراوە بە ویستی گەڕان بەدوای چیەتی و چۆنیەتی دیاردەکان. ناوەڕۆکی توێژینەوەکە دەربارەی بابەتی بیرکردنەوەی پێهێنەرانەیە لە توانای تاکدا و ئاڕاستەکردنی بەرەو بیرکردنەوەی داهێنەرانە. هەروەها کۆمەڵگای توێژینەوەکە بریتیە لە بابەتی بیرکردنەوەی پێکهێنەرانە لای خوێندکارانی قۆناغی سێ و چواری کۆلێجی هونەر/ بەشی شێوەکاری و پەروەردەی هونەر بۆ ساڵی خوێندنی (٢٠٢٢-٢٠٢٣)، و نمونەی وەرگیراو پێکهاتووە لە (٤٠) خوێندکار لە هەردوو ڕەگەزی نێر و مێ.کە توێژەر ئامڕازی (ڕاپرسی) بەکارهێناوە لەگەڵ پسپۆڕانی بواری دەرونناس و ڕێگاکانی وانەووتنەوەدا، لەڕێگەی ڕاستگۆیی دەرەکی و ناوەکیەوە پێوەرێک دروستکراوە بۆ بیرکردنەوەی پێکهێنەرانە، وە ڕای شارەزایان وەرگیراوە و پاشان بۆ جێگیری بەسەر نمونەیەک لە خوێندکاراندا جێبەجێکراوە. ئەنجامەکانی توێژینەوەکە لە بەشی چواردا خراونەتە ڕوو. هەروەها توێژەر ڕاسپاردەی پێشکەش بە لایەنی پەیوەندیدار کردووە کە بریتیە لە: ئەنجامدانی خولی ڕاهێنان لەلایەن سەرۆکایتی زانکۆی سلێمانیەوە بۆ بەرزکردنەوەی ئاستی بیرکردنەوەی پێکهێنەرانە لای خوێندکارانی بەشە هونەریەکانی زانکۆی سلێمانی.
دور استراتيجية تمكين العاملين في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية
Authors: سليمان د.برزو همزة سليمان 
Published: December 2023

تناولت الدراسة الحالية دورإستراتيجية التمكين في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية ، و حاولت عرض إطار نظري حديث لأبرز ما قدمه الكتاب والمفكرون بشان متغيري الدراسة، فضلاً عن إطار عملي لآراء عينة مختارة ضمن عينة الدراسة، إذ عُدت إستراتيجية التمكين متغيراً مستقلاً بأبعادها الفرعية المتمثلة في ( المشاركة بالمعلومات، امتلاك المعرفة، الحرية والاستقلالية، فرق العمل، المكافآت )، و قد حظيت باهتمام واسع في السنوات القليلة الماضية بالرغم من جذورها التاريخية التي تمثلت بإحدى الاستراتيجيات المهمة لإدارة الموارد البشرية التي توصف بكونها شريكاً استراتيجياً مهماً يشارك في الإستراتيجية العامة للمنظمة.
في حين عدَ الميزة التنافسية متغيراً معتمداً حيث أصبح ضرورة حتمية استجابة للتغييرات البيئية و لمواكبة البيئة الخارجية وفي ضوء ذلك أصبح من الضروري بيان أهم المتطلبات التي تمكن المنظمات من تحقيق الميزة التنافسية من خلال بناء منظمات متمكنة على مسايرة هذا التنافس والتطور.
وقد هدفت الدراسة الإجابة عن جملة التساؤلات التي شكلت المشكلة المفاهيمية والتطبيقية أولا، واختبار الأنموذج الفرضي للعلاقة والأثر بين المتغير المستقل والمتغير المعتمد ثانياً. أجريت الدراسة على عينة تتكون من ( 164 ) فرداً من التدريسيين في جامعة صلاح الدين، معتمدين في ذلك استمارة الاستبانة بوصفها أداة رئيسية في جمع البيانات المتعلقة بالجانب الميداني. واستخدمت عدداً من الأساليب الإحصائية المناسبة لاختبار الفرضيات بالاعتماد على برنامج الحزم الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية ( spss ). وبرهنت النتائج تحقق اغلب الفرضيات بدرجات متفاوتة، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات وتجسد من أهمها بان إستراتيجية التمكين تؤثر في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية . وقد خرجت الدراسة بجملة من التوصيات الضرورية للكليات المبحوثة باتجاه التركيز والاهتمام بإستراتيجية التمكين والميزة التنافسية ، فضلاً عن تقديم بعض المقترحات بصدد الدراسات المستقبلية.
Eating behavior of early adults: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: P S Swetha , Jos Palayoor Benyne 
Published: December 2023

Objectives:
The present study aims to find out the relationship between the three types of eating behavior with emotional intelligence (EI), Big Five personality traits, and frustration intolerance of early adults using online food delivery system.

Material and Methods:
A sample size of 258 was collected using the technique of convenient sampling. This cross-sectional research employs Spearman’s Rank correlation and Mann–Whitney U-test for data analysis.

Results:
There is negative relationship between emotional eating (EE) and EI, there is negative relationship between cognitive restraint (CR) eating and extraversion, there is negative relationship between uncontrolled eating (UE) and conscientiousness, there is positive relationship between EE and openness, there is positive relationship between CR eating and emotional intolerance (EIn), there is positive correlation between UE and entitlement, there is positive correlation between EE and discomfort intolerance, there is significant difference in the openness, agreeableness, and neuroticism of males and females using online food delivery system, and there is significant difference in the EIn of females and males using online food delivery system.

Conclusion:
The study emphasizes the relevance of healthy eating behavior in early adults for maintaining their mental health.
Literature Review: The Support Needs of The Nurse Mentors in Their Mentoring Role
Authors: Khunou Sisinyana Hannah , Matlhaba Kholofelo Lorraine 
Published: December 2023

In order to develop effective mentoring programme, it is important to identify the needs of the nurse mentors.Â A lot has been documented about the needs of the nurse mentees, however, there is a dearth of recent literature finding the support needs of the nurse mentors. The aim of this integrative review was to synthesize the literature on the support needs of the nurse mentors in their mentoring role. The search was steered across Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Direct of Open Access Journals; Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, and SCOPUS, in order to identify challenges and support that need to provide to the nurse mentors in their mentoring role. The Medical Subject Headings according to National Library of Medicine was used to search for the key concepts. Key search concepts were entered into the query box on the main PubMed page and searched. The search details page was check to determine how PubMed processed the search. The same concepts were used on the database to search for the articles which were included in this review. Seven subthemes, twenty categories were identified and classified into two main themes: Challenges to effective mentoring; Support needed by the nurse mentors. The review identifies challenges faced by nurse mentors and concludes that they need support. This study suggests that policy makers should make a concerted effort by availing resources for mentoring role. Workshops to equip mentors and collaboration between different stakeholders might help to enhance the support of the nurse mentors. Future research should analyse collaboration in support of the nurse mentors in their mentoring role