bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver Nanoparticles and Biostimulants Affect Chemical Constituents, Total Phenolics, Antioxidants, and Potential Antimicrobial Activities of Santolina chamaecyparissus
Authors: Al-Ramamneh Ezz Al-Dein , Alsharafa Khalid Y. , Rababah Taha , Rahahleh Razan J. , Al-Rimawi Fuad , Shakya Ashok K. , Ghrair Ayoup M. , Alu’datt Muhammad H. , Alnawafleh Moayad K. 
Published: December 2023

The beneficial application of silver nanoparticles and biostimulants to increase crop yield and quality is a long-term strategy to achieve desired agricultural productions that are resilient to various biotic and abiotic challenges. This project aimed to evaluate the individual effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), Ascophyllum nodosum (SEW), and Spirulina platensis (SP) on the growth and physiological responses of Santolina chamaecyparissus. S. chamaecyparissus plants were exposed to AgNPs (20, 40, and 60 mg L−1), SWE (0.5% and 1%), and SP (1%, 2%, and 3%). The finding indicates that the light-harvesting efficiency and plant photochemical capacity are not affected by most treatments except for 60 mg L−1 AgNPs. Furthermore, the pattern of H2O2 levels in leaves was significantly higher after AgNP, SP, and SEW treatments. In parallel, total phenolic production was at least accompanied by a burst in H2O2 levels. However, higher antioxidant activity compared to the control, is shown by the higher free-DPPH-radical inhibition that goes completely smoothly with lower H2O2 levels. Thus, the results of the present study showed that biostimulants overall improved the antioxidant activity of S. chamaecyparissus and induced variable detectable amounts of phenolic compounds in response to the concentrations of each biostimulant.
Pensamiento Crítico en educación secundaria: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Elera Castillo Robert Smith , Barboza Elera Edwin Alexander , Chumpitaz Távara Erika Paty 
Published: December 2023

El siglo XXI ha traído consigo un cambio en la forma de actuar y pensar requiriendo ciudadanos que respondan estas exigencias y sistemas educativos que promuevan espacios para generar el Pensamiento Crítico (PC). El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar los aportes conceptuales y publicaciones realizadas a través de una revisión sistemática sobre PC en educación secundaria desde 2019 hasta 2023. El estudio documental consistió en la selección de 30 artículos científicos sobre PC en revistas electrónicas indexadas en Scopus, Scielo y Web of Science; los resultados de búsquedas indican que España es uno de los países pioneros sobre el tema PC con un 33% de las producciones; por lo tanto, se concluye que el PC es materia de investigación, su desarrollo es limitado en la educación secundaria pero puede abordarse desde distintas disciplinas curriculares, demanda de docentes pensadores críticos, formados, capacitados, y conocedores de sus campos temáticos amparados en un currículo flexible que considere contenidos y espacios que lo fomenten.
Optical and ultrasonic dual-sensitive sensor and its application in photoacoustic microscopy
Authors: Xu Jiaye , Wu Shiqing , Tao Chao , Liu Xiaojun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Multi-modality imaging is significant for biomedical applications. We propose a dual-sensitive sensor to simultaneously detect optical and ultrasonic signals. Based upon the classical piezoelectric structure, we attach a photosensitive layer made of carbon nanotubes-polydimethylsiloxane (CNTs-PDMS) composite to the surface. The photosensitive layer absorbs light and converts it into ultrasound, while allowing acoustic energy to transmit through concurrently. After optimizing the ratio of PDMS to CNTs, we increase the sensor’s light detection sensitivity and maintain the ultrasound detection sensitivity. Finally, the successful implementation in mouse ear optical attenuation–photoacoustic imaging demonstrates the dual-sensitive sensor’s potential application in multi-modality imaging.
Functional Vocabulary Measurement
Authors: Pratomo Hafidz Triantoro Aji , Siswanto Arif , Purnaningrum Windiarti Dwi 
Published: December 2023

Background: Vocabulary is an essential component in child and individual communication performance. This ability is an indicator of language problems or disorders that may be experienced. Measuring receptive and expressive vocabulary areas is necessary to value the children’s abilities comprehensively. The provision of a vocabulary problem-examining instrument is a condition needing immediate investigation. This research aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Functional Vocabulary Ability Measurement instrument.

Methods: This study was quantitative research. Forty (40) respondents were involved in this research with varying language problem backgrounds. The instrument trial involved clinicians with speech therapist and non-therapist backgrounds. The test-retest method was used to analyze the reliability of the instrument.

Results: The result of the validity test shows a rho value for receptive and expressive vocabulary subtests with a total value > 0.800 at a significance level ≤ 0.001. The reliability value of Cronbach’s alpha test result is 0.980 for receptive vocabulary and 0.986 for expressive vocabulary components, for a total value of 0.991. The relation of the test-retest result indicates that the value of relation in the first and second measurements is 0.93 for receptive vocabulary, 0.945 for expressive vocabulary components, and a total value of 0.936.

Conclusion: This research instrument has qualified validity and reliability values. Clinicians can use this instrument as one option in the child's vocabulary ability assessment process. Further research is necessary to see the impact of the instrument more broadly.
القضاء بين التقليد والتجديد
Authors: التونجي د.عبد السلام 
Published: December 2023

القضاء حماية فرضها القانون فهو الوسيلة لتطبيق القواعد القانونية . والعمل القضائي بطبيعته اذ يهدف حل النزاع المعروض انما يرمي من وراء ذلك اقامة المجتمع العادل ليزيل كل ما يكون سببا أو عائقا في تنفيذ القواعد القانونية ، ففي مقولة "البيت لساكنة" أو مقولة "شركاء لا أجراء" يحقق القضاء الحماية لهذه القواعد القانونية الملزمة التي نظمت مرفق المسكن ومرفق الانتاج في الجماهيرية فلا بد اذن للقضاء من أهداف ، ومعرفة هذه الأهداف وطبيعتها تقتضي أن ينظم القضاء بما يتفق مع هذه الأهداف . فما هي اذا أهداف القضاء العامة ؟ أهداف القضاء القضاء مهمة مقدسة والقاضي في عمله القضائي لا يسوغ أن يكون موظفا خاضعا لتأثير السلطة التي عينته شأنه شأن أي موظف في الدولة يقوم بعمل وظيفي بحت دون أن يؤثر عمله في بناء المجتمع ، بل علی العكس يجب أن يكون القاضي بعمله القضائي يرمي الى بناء المجتمع تبعا لفلسفة المجتمع القائمة فيه ، فلا يسوغ له أن يصدر أحكاما تتناقض مع الفلسفة المطروحة وظواهرها الاجتماعية وبالتالي فلا يسوغ أن يكون هيكل التنظيم القضائي وأسسه متناقضا مع طبيعة المجتمع القائم فيه ، لهذا يجب أن تكون أدوات القضاء متجاوبة مع الهدف سواء من ناحية التركيب أو من ناحية العمل القضائي الذي هو وظيفة اجتماعية قبل كل شيء .
Single-cell analysis identifies phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase as a target in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Wang Yan-Fei , He Ruo-Yu , Xu Chan , Li Xiao-Ling , Cao Yan-Fei 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation and ulceration, representing a significant predisposition to colorectal cancer. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology offer a promising avenue for dissecting the complex cellular inter-actions and molecular signatures driving UC pathology.
AIM
To utilize scRNA-seq technology to dissect the complex cellular interactions and molecular signatures that underlie UC pathology.
METHODS
In this research, we integrated and analyzed the scRNA-seq data from UC patients. Moreover, we conducted mRNA and protein level assays as well as pathology-related staining tests on clinical patient samples.
RESULTS
In this study, we identified the sustained upregulation of inflammatory response pathways during UC progression, characterized the features of damaged endo-thelial cells in colitis. Furthermore, we uncovered the downregulation of phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase (LHPP) has a negative correlation with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Significant downregulation of LHPP in UC patient tissues and plasma suggests that LHPP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for UC. This paper highlights the importance of LHPP as a potential key target in UC and unveils its potential role in inflammation regulation.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that LHPP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for UC, emphasizing its importance as a potential key target in UC and unveiling its role in inflammation regulation.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPA Dengan Penerapan Pendekatan Saintifik Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ernis Ernis , Pahrul Yolanda 
Published: December 2023

This research is motivated by the low learning result of science at the five year students of state elementary school 011 Koto Tuo Distric of XIII Koto Kampar. One of solution to overcome this problem by implementation of scientific approach. The objective of study to know increase learning result of science material the animal's respiratory organs at the five year students of state elementary school 011 Koto Tuo Distric of XIII Koto Kampar by implementation of scientific approach. This research is a kind of Classroom Action Research (CAR) executed in two cycles. Every cycles consisted of bay one meeting and four phase, thas is planning, action, observation, and reflection. the subjects in this study is five grade students of 011 Koto Tuo Distric of XIII Koto Kampar 2017-2018 school year the number of students of 31 people, consisting of 14 men and 17 women. Data collection techniques used in this study is the observation, testing, and documentation. Having conducted research note an increase in student learning outcomes of prior actions, the first cycle and second cycle. In the pre-action mastery students only reached 45,46% or 14 students who completed, the students who pass the first cycle increased to 18 people or completeness only reached 58,06%. In the second cycle turns completeness students at 27 students or the percentage of 87,10%. Thereby that is the implementation of scientific approach to increase learning result of science material the animal's respiratory organs at the five year students of state elementary school 011 Koto Tuo Distric of XIII Koto Kampar.
High-energy Neutrinos from Gamma-Ray-faint Accretion-powered Hypernebulae
Authors: Sridhar Navin , Metzger Brian D. , Fang Ke 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hypernebulae are inflated by accretion-powered winds accompanying hyper-Eddington mass transfer from an evolved post-main-sequence star onto a black hole or neutron star companion. The ions accelerated at the termination shock—where the collimated fast disk winds and/or jet collide with the slower, wide-angled wind-fed shell—can generate high-energy neutrinos via hadronic proton–proton reactions, and photohadronic (p
γ) interactions with the disk thermal and Comptonized nonthermal background photons. It has been suggested that some fast radio bursts (FRBs) may be powered by such short-lived jetted hyper-accreting engines. Although neutrino emission associated with the millisecond duration bursts themselves is challenging to detect, the persistent radio counterparts of some FRB sources—if associated with hypernebulae—could contribute to the high-energy neutrino diffuse background flux. If the hypernebula birth rate follows that of stellar-merger transients and common envelope events, we find that their volume-integrated neutrino emission—depending on the population-averaged mass-transfer rates—could explain up to ∼25% of the high-energy diffuse neutrino flux observed by the IceCube Observatory and the Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector Telescope. The time-averaged neutrino spectrum from hypernebula—depending on the population parameters—can also reproduce the observed diffuse neutrino spectrum. The neutrino emission could in some cases furthermore extend to >100 PeV, detectable by future ultra-high-energy neutrino observatories. The large optical depth through the nebula to Breit–Wheeler (γ
γ) interaction attenuates the escape of GeV–PeV gamma rays coproduced with the neutrinos, rendering these gamma-ray-faint neutrino sources, consistent with the Fermi observations of the isotropic gamma-ray background.
LATIS: The Stellar Mass–Metallicity Relation of Star-forming Galaxies at z ∼ 2.5
Authors: Chartab Nima , Newman Andrew B. , Rudie Gwen C. , Blanc Guillermo A. , Kelson Daniel D. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present the stellar mass–stellar metallicity relation for 3491 star-forming galaxies at 2 ≲ z ≲ 3 using rest-frame far-ultraviolet spectra from the Lyα Tomography IMACS Survey (LATIS). We fit stellar population synthesis models from the Binary Population And Spectral Synthesis code (v2.2.1) to medium-resolution (R ∼ 1000) and high signal-to-noise (>30 per 100 km s−1 over the wavelength range 1221–1800 Å) composite spectra of galaxies in bins of stellar mass to determine their stellar metallicity, primarily tracing Fe/H. We find a strong correlation between stellar mass and stellar metallicity, with stellar metallicity monotonically increasing with stellar mass at low masses and flattening at high masses (M
* ≳ 1010.3
M
⊙). Additionally, we compare our stellar metallicity measurements with the gas-phase oxygen abundance of galaxies at similar redshift and estimate the average [α/Fe] ∼ 0.6. Such high α-enhancement indicates that high-redshift galaxies have not yet undergone significant iron enrichment through Type Ia supernovae. Moreover, we utilize an analytic chemical evolution model to constrain the mass loading parameter of galactic winds as a function of stellar mass. We find that as the stellar mass increases, the mass loading parameter decreases. The parameter then flattens or reaches a turning point at around M
* ∼ 1010.5
M
⊙. Our findings may signal the onset of black-hole-driven outflows at z ∼ 2.5 for galaxies with M
* ≳ 1010.5
M
⊙.
The Kepler Giant Planet Search. I. A Decade of Kepler Planet-host Radial Velocities from W. M. Keck Observatory
Authors: Weiss Lauren M. , Isaacson Howard , Howard Andrew W. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Petigura Erik A. , Fabrycky Daniel , Jontof-Hutter Daniel , Steffen Jason H. , Schlichting Hilke E. , Wright Jason T. , Beard Corey , Brinkman Casey L. , Chontos Ashley , Giacalone Steven , Hill Michelle L. , Kosiarek Molly R. , MacDougall Mason G. , Močnik Teo , Polanski Alex S. , Turtelboom Emma V. , Tyler Dakotah , Van Zandt Judah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite the importance of Jupiter and Saturn to Earth’s formation and habitability, there has not yet been a comprehensive observational study of how giant exoplanets correlate with the architectural properties of close-in, sub-Neptune-sized exoplanets. This is largely because transit surveys are particularly insensitive to planets at orbital separations ≳1 au, and so their census of Jupiter-like planets is incomplete, inhibiting our study of the relationship between Jupiter-like planets and the small planets that do transit. To investigate the relationship between close-in, small and distant, giant planets, we conducted the Kepler Giant Planet Survey (KGPS). Using the W. M. Keck Observatory High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer, we spent over a decade collecting 2844 radial velocities (RVs; 2167 of which are presented here for the first time) of 63 Sunlike stars that host 157 transiting planets. We had no prior knowledge of which systems would contain giant planets beyond 1 au, making this survey unbiased with respect to previously detected Jovians. We announce RV-detected companions to 20 stars from our sample. These include 13 Jovians (

0.3

M

J

<
M
sin
i
<
13

M

J

, 1 au < a < 10 au), eight nontransiting sub-Saturns, and three stellar-mass companions. We also present updated masses and densities of 84 transiting planets. The KGPS project leverages one of the longest-running and most data-rich collections of RVs of the NASA Kepler systems yet, and it will provide a basis for addressing whether giant planets help or hinder the growth of sub-Neptune-sized and terrestrial planets. Future KGPS papers will examine the relationship between small, transiting planets and their long-period companions.
CO and Atomic Line Emission from the Young Stellar Object V1331 Cygni
Authors: Rudy Richard J. , Russell Ray W. , Sitko Michael L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The infrared spectrum of the young disk star V1331 Cygni shows rare atomic emission lines from several species including C i, O i, Na i, Mg i, Al i, Si i, Ca i, Fe i, and probably S i. The presence of H i emission but the absence of N i recombination lines indicates excitation by a comparatively cool source unable to ionize nitrogen. Measurements of both the fundamental and first overtone emission of carbon monoxide indicate a hot (T ≈ 3000 K), optically thick (optical depth ≈100 in the strongest transitions of the fundamental) for the molecular gas.
Recent Advances in the Development of Monoclonal Antibodies and Next-Generation Antibodies
Authors: Singh Rohit , Chandley Pankaj , Rohatgi Soma 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
mAbs are highly indispensable tools for diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic applications. The first technique, hybridoma technology, was based on fusion of B lymphocytes with myeloma cells, which resulted in generation of single mAbs against a specific Ag. Along with hybridoma technology, several novel and alternative methods have been developed to improve mAb generation, ranging from electrofusion to the discovery of completely novel technologies such as B cell immortalization; phage, yeast, bacterial, ribosome, and mammalian display systems; DNA/RNA encoded Abs; single B cell technology; transgenic animals; and artificial intelligence/machine learning. This commentary outlines the evolution, methodology, advantages, and limitations of various mAb production techniques. Furthermore, with the advent of next-generation Ab technologies such as single-chain variable fragments, nanobodies, bispecific Abs, Fc-engineered Abs, Ab biosimilars, Ab mimetics, and Ab-drug conjugates, the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors have become resourceful to develop highly specific mAb treatments against various diseases such as cancer and autoimmune and infectious diseases.
Inherently Reduced Expression of ASC Restricts Caspase-1 Processing in Hepatocytes and Promotes Plasmodium Infection
Authors: Marques-da-Silva Camila , Schmidt-Silva Clyde , Baptista Rodrigo P , Kurup Samarchith P 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation facilitates innate immune control of Plasmodium in the liver, thereby limiting the incidence and severity of clinical malaria. However, caspase-1 processing occurs incompletely in both mouse and human hepatocytes and precludes the generation of mature IL-1β or IL-18, unlike in other cells. Why this is so or how it impacts Plasmodium control in the liver has remained unknown. We show that an inherently reduced expression of the inflammasome adaptor molecule apoptosis-associated specklike protein containing CARD (ASC) is responsible for the incomplete proteolytic processing of caspase-1 in murine hepatocytes. Transgenically enhancing ASC expression in hepatocytes enabled complete caspase-1 processing, enhanced pyroptotic cell death, maturation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 that was otherwise absent, and better overall control of Plasmodium infection in the liver of mice. This, however, impeded the protection offered by live attenuated antimalarial vaccination. Tempering ASC expression in mouse macrophages, on the other hand, resulted in incomplete processing of caspase-1. Our work shows how caspase-1 activation and function in host cells are fundamentally defined by ASC expression and offers a potential new pathway to create better disease and vaccination outcomes by modifying the latter.
Meridional rank and bridge number of knotted 2-spheres
Authors: Joseph Jason , Pongtanapaisan Puttipong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe meridional rank conjecture asks whether the bridge number of a knot in
$S^3$
is equal to the minimal number of meridians needed to generate the fundamental group of its complement. In this paper, we investigate the analogous conjecture for knotted spheres in
$S^4$
. Towards this end, we give a construction to produce classical knots with quotients sending meridians to elements of any finite order in Coxeter groups and alternating groups, which detect their meridional ranks. We establish the equality of bridge number and meridional rank for these knots and knotted spheres obtained from them by twist-spinning. On the other hand, we show that the meridional rank of knotted spheres is not additive under connected sum, so that either bridge number also collapses, or meridional rank is not equal to bridge number for knotted spheres.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Clinical Follow-Up of Patients Living with HIV in Chad: A Retrospective Monocentric Investigation
Authors: Glenet Marie , Takoudjou Dzomo Guy Rodrigue , Nguemadjita Christian , Djimera Nadia , Lebreil Anne-Laure , N’Guyen Yohan , Andreoletti Laurent 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT.
The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the clinical follow-up of people living with HIV (PLWH) remains poorly documented in Sahelian Africa. We conducted a monocentric retrospective investigation of the outcomes (loss to follow-up [LTFU], transferred, or dead) among a cohort of PLWH receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in N’djamena, Chad (December 2019–December 2022). The incidence of LTFU was found to be higher in 2020 than in 2022 (P > 10−4), with increases of incidence of LTFU in the first trimester of 2020 before identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV-2) infection cases in Chad. The all-cause mortality was low and did not appear to be influenced by SARS–CoV-2 infection waves. Our data reveal a concerning trend of significantly increased LTFU among PLWH receiving ART during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings indicate that it is crucial to provide accurate information to ensure the continuity of care for PLWH during a sanitary crisis in Sahelian Africa.