bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and predisposing factors of intraocular Lens tilt following secondary ciliary sulcus implantation in children: An ultrasound biomicroscopic study
Authors: Farag Christina S. , Gouda Jylan , Maher Sara , El-Fayoumi Dina , Elhilali Hala 
Published: February 2024

Purpose To evaluate the incidence and causes of intraocular lens (IOL) tilt and changes in anterior chamber angle after secondary IOL sulcus implantation following congenital cataract removal. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted on children who underwent secondary sulcus IOL implantation following pediatric cataract removal in the period from 2017-2020 in Cairo university Hospitals. Children were examined for IOL position, centration, and tilt. Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, fundus and gonioscopic examination was performed. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was performed on both eyes in children with clinically detected tilt. Results Ciliary sulcus secondary IOL implantation was performed in 102 eyes (57 children). IOL tilt was detected clinically in 16 eyes of 14 children (15.7%). UBM showed clinically undetected tilt in the fellow eye in additional 4 eyes. The mean angle of tilt was 12.8 ± 3.9° in clinically detected tilt compared to 7.5 ± 1.2° in UBM detected tilt. Mean anterior chamber depth (ACD) was 2.4 ± 0.5 mm IOP was >21 mmHg in 1.9% of eyes. Narrowing of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) after sulcus implantation occurred in 40% of eyes with open angle. Sulcus proliferations and obliterated sulcus were detected in all 20 eyes. Sommering's ring was found in 7 eyes (35%). Axial length, corneal diameter, and presence of persistent fetal vasculature did not affect IOL position. Conclusion The presence of residual lens matter or an obliterated ciliary sulcus is associated with a higher incidence of IOL malposition following ciliary sulcus implantation.
Intraocular pressure in patients suffering from Wilson's disease
Authors: Bozic Marija , Svetel Marina , Svetel Marko 
Published: February 2024

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) levels in patients suffering from Wilsons disease. Methods In observational, cross-sectional, non-interventional study, IOP was measured by applanation tonometry in 52 patients with Wilson's disease (WD), and compared to 52 healthy controls (HC). Results Patients with Wilsons disease had significantly lower IOPs, compared to control group (CG) (13.20 ± 2.5 versus 14.98 ± 2.0, p < .000, t test). Conclusions We found that IOP is significantly lower in patients with WD.
Long term follow up of patients with MNV3 treated with intra-vitreal Aflibercept
Authors: Browning Andrew C , Grinton Michael E , Quinn Stephanie , Jain Tania , Manikavasagar Venughanan , Aftab Akhunzada M 
Published: February 2024

Purpose MNV3 or Retinal angiomatous proliferation is a subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). We present the 5 year long term visual and anatomical outcomes of patients with MNV3 lesions treated with intravitreal Aflibercept. Methods This is a prospective study of treatment naïve patients with reading centre graded MNV3 lesions. After the loading phase, the patients received intravitreal Aflibercept as per the View study up to year 3, thereafter it was given on a prn basis. At each visit, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) central macular thickness (CMT) was measured. Results Thirty one patients reached study completion. Mean BCVA of treated eyes had decreased by 0.6 ETDRS letters at the end of year 5 compared with baseline. At study completion, 81% of eyes had stable vision while 19% of eyes had gained 15 letters or more. At study end, 26% of eyes had BCVA of 6/12 or better, while 19% had lost 15 letters or more (all had central foveal photoreceptor loss). There was a maximal mean reduction in CMT of 164 microns (p = <0.0001) while 68% of maculae were fluid free at study completion. Eighty seven percent of treated eyes developed nascent GA, of which in 74% of eyes was involving the fovea. Discussion Despite initial improvement in mean BCVA, the improvement in BCVA was not maintained despite good overall control of the MNV3 lesions. The loss of BCVA was most likely due to the majority of eyes developing centre involving macular atrophy.
The impact of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on clinical outcomes in heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vakhshoori Mehrbod , Bondariyan Niloofar , Sabouhi Sadeq , Kiani Keivan , Alaei Faradonbeh Nazanin , Emami Sayed Ali , Shakarami Mehrnaz , Khanizadeh Farbod , Sanaei Shahin , Motamedi Niloofaralsadat , Shafie Davood 
Published: February 2024

Background: Inflammation has been suggested to play a role in heart failure (HF) pathogenesis. However, the role of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), as a novel biomarker, to assess HF prognosis needs to be investigated. We sought to evaluate the impact of PLR on HF clinical outcomes. Methods: English-published records in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web-of-science databases were screened until December 2023. Relevant articles evaluated PLR with clinical outcomes (including mortality, rehospitalization, HF worsening, and HF detection) were recruited, with PLR difference analysis based on death/survival status in total and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients. Results: In total, 21 articles ( n = 13,924) were selected. The total mean age was 70.36 ± 12.88 years (males: 61.72%). Mean PLR was 165.54 [95% confidence interval (CI): 154.69–176.38]. In total, 18 articles ( n = 10,084) reported mortality [either follow-up (PLR: 162.55, 95% CI: 149.35–175.75) or in-hospital (PLR: 192.83, 95% CI: 150.06–235.61) death rate] and the mean PLR was 166.68 (95% CI: 154.87–178.50). Further analysis revealed PLR was significantly lower in survived HF patients rather than deceased group (152.34, 95% CI: 134.01–170.68 versus 194.73, 95% CI: 175.60–213.85, standard mean difference: −0.592, 95% CI: −0.857 to −0.326, p < 0.001). A similar trend was observed for HFrEF patients. PLR failed to show any association with mortality risk (hazard ratio: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.99–1.05, p = 0.289). Analysis of other aforementioned outcomes was not possible due to the presence of few studies of interest. Conclusion: PLR should be used with caution for prognosis assessment in HF sufferers and other studies are necessary to explore the exact association.
Moderating Effects of Individual Traits on the Association Between Nature and Patient Wait Experiences
Authors: Lee Jisun , Yoon So-Yeon 
Published: February 2024

Objectives: We empirically investigated to what extent plants in the emergency department (ED) waiting areas influence patient wait experiences (i.e., anxiety, perceived service quality, and perception of wait time) depending on individual differences in cognitive thinking styles and one’s bonds with the natural world. Background: Positive effects of nature on patient experiences in healthcare environments are well established by empirical research findings. However, evidence is scarce on the impact of nature on patient wait experiences and the roles of patient traits often related to their backgrounds. Methods: A within-subjects study was conducted ( N = 116) with two virtually built ED waiting rooms: with versus without indoor and outdoor plants. Results: Findings confirmed that plants lower anxiety and improve perceptions of service quality and wait time. Cognitive thinking style significantly moderated how plants affected patient wait experiences. Although participants with higher connectedness to nature showed more positive responses to the nature condition, connectedness to nature did not significantly affect the association between nature and wait experiences. Conclusions: This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on nature’s effects in healthcare environments by examining the roles of individual differences in patients’ and visitors’ cognitive styles and connectedness to nature. Results highlighted the impact of these differences in patient experiences for effective implications of nature in waiting areas of healthcare facilities.
Caudal epidural, pericapsular nerve group block and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block in hip fracture surgery: A case report
Authors: Angullia Natesha Eusoof , Tan Elizabeth Sein Jieh 
Published: February 2024

Background: Hip fractures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly and optimal pain control is essential in improving postoperative outcomes. The sensory innervation of the hip is complex, and blocking the hip branches of the femoral, obturator and sciatic nerves is necessary to provide full sensory coverage of the hip joint. Objectives: This case report describes the use of a combination of three regional anesthesia techniques – caudal epidural, pericapsular nerve group block and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block – in hip fracture surgery, and demonstrates its efficacy in minimizing pain and opioid requirements in a high cardiac risk geriatric patient. Results: Caudal epidural, pericapsular nerve group block and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve blocks were performed in a patient presenting for hip fracture surgery prior to general anaesthesia successfully without the need for further doses of opioids post operatively
The relationship of smartphone addiction with depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students
Authors: Sarhan Adnan Lutfi 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: An increasing amount of research has shown a link between psychopathological behaviors such as smartphone addiction, depression, anxiety, and stress. The aim of this study was to assess the association of smartphone addiction with depression, anxiety, and stress. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 26th January and 3rd March 2021. The sample was chosen using a convenient sampling technique and Raosoft tool. The survey assessed smartphone addiction using abbreviated versions of the Addiction Scale Short Version, a self-administered questionnaire that has been validated in the English and Arabic languages. Also, Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale was used to measure the level of depression, anxiety, and stress among the university students. Results: A total of 367 university students from the Medical and Health Sciences College participated. Our findings showed that smartphone addiction exhibited positive correlations with depression ( r = 0.375, p < 0.01), anxiety ( r = 0.253, p < 0.01), and stress ( r = 0.328, p < 0.05). In addition, there was a strong positive correlation between depression and both anxiety and stress ( r = 0.731, p < 0.01) ( r = 0.778, p < 0.01), respectively. Finally, stress and anxiety showed a positive correlation ( r = 0.708, p < 0.01). Conclusion: When combined, our data offer strong support for a bidirectional hybrid theory that takes into account the link between smartphone addiction and depression, anxiety, and stress. The current study’s findings might assist national health authorities in strengthening their efforts to prevent depression, anxiety, and stress associated with the use of modern technology.
Multi-task localization of the hemidiaphragms and lung segmentation in portable chest X-ray images of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Morís Daniel I , de Moura Joaquim , Aslani Shahab , Jacob Joseph , Novo Jorge , Ortega Marcos 
Published: February 2024

Background The COVID-19 can cause long-term symptoms in the patients after they overcome the disease. Given that this disease mainly damages the respiratory system, these symptoms are often related with breathing problems that can be caused by an affected diaphragm. The diaphragmatic function can be assessed with imaging modalities like computerized tomography or chest X-ray. However, this process must be performed by expert clinicians with manual visual inspection. Moreover, during the pandemic, the clinicians were asked to prioritize the use of portable devices, preventing the risk of cross-contamination. Nevertheless, the captures of these devices are of a lower quality. Objectives The automatic quantification of the diaphragmatic function can determine the damage of COVID-19 on each patient and assess their evolution during the recovery period, a task that could also be complemented with the lung segmentation. Methods We propose a novel multi-task fully automatic methodology to simultaneously localize the position of the hemidiaphragms and to segment the lung boundaries with a convolutional architecture using portable chest X-ray images of COVID-19 patients. For that aim, the hemidiaphragms’ landmarks are located adapting the paradigm of heatmap regression. Results The methodology is exhaustively validated with four analyses, achieving an 82.31% [Formula: see text] 2.78% of accuracy when localizing the hemidiaphragms’ landmarks and a Dice score of 0.9688 [Formula: see text] 0.0012 in lung segmentation. Conclusions The results demonstrate that the model is able to perform both tasks simultaneously, being a helpful tool for clinicians despite the lower quality of the portable chest X-ray images.
Shared Decision Making in Hallux Valgus Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Bond Michael , Bicknell Mattheus , Crump Trafford , Penner Murray , Veljkovic Andrea , Wing Kevin , Younger Alastair , Liu Guiping , Sutherland Jason M. 
Published: February 2024

Patient-physician communication has the potential to improve outcomes and satisfaction through the shared decision-making process (SDM). This study aims to assess the relationship between perception of SDM and demographic, clinical, and patient-reported outcomes in patients undergoing Hallux Valgus (HV) correction. A prospective analysis of 306 patients scheduled for HV surgery was completed. The CollaboRATE score was used to measure SDM. Multivariable linear regression model was used to assess whether SDM scores were associated with preoperative characteristics or postoperative outcome scores. The mean CollaboRATE score was 2.9 (SD 0.9) and did not differ by age, socioeconomic status, or sex. Lower CollaboRATE scores were associated with more symptoms of depression, lower socioeconomic status, and lower general health scores (p-value < 0.05). There was no association between SDM scores and postoperative outcome scores. In this study, patients with depressive symptoms and lower socioeconomic status had worse perceptions of SDM. There was no difference in postoperative outcomes among participants based on SDM scores. Level of Evidence: Level III, prospective observational study
Management of ALL in adults: 2024 ELN recommendations from a European expert panel
Authors: Gökbuget Nicola , Boissel Nicolas , Chiaretti Sabina , Dombret Hervé , Doubek Michael , Fielding Adele , Foà Robin , Giebel Sebastian , Hoelzer Dieter , Hunault Mathilde , Marks David I. , Martinelli Giovanni , Ottmann Oliver , Rijneveld Anita , Rousselot Philippe , Ribera Josep , Bassan Renato 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Experts from the European Leukemia Net (ELN) working group for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia have identified an unmet need for guidance regarding management of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from diagnosis to aftercare. The group has previously summarized their recommendations regarding diagnostic approaches, prognostic factors, and assessment of ALL. The current recommendation summarizes clinical management. It covers treatment approaches, including the use of new immunotherapies, application of minimal residual disease for treatment decisions, management of specific subgroups, and challenging treatment situations as well as late effects and supportive care. The recommendation provides guidance for physicians caring for adult patients with ALL which has to be complemented by regional expertise preferably provided by national academic study groups.
IP3R1-mediated MAMs formation contributes to mechanical trauma-induced hepatic injury and the protective effect of melatonin
Authors: Shi Rui , Liu Zhenhua , Yue Huan , Li Man , Liu Simin , De Dema , Li Runjing , Chen Yunan , Cheng Shuli , Gu Xiaoming , Jia Min , Li Jun , Li Juan , Zhang Shumiao , Feng Na , Fan Rong , Fu Feng , Liu Yali , Ding Mingge , Pei Jianming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
There is a high morbidity and mortality rate in mechanical trauma (MT)-induced hepatic injury. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying liver MT are largely unclear. Exploring the underlying mechanisms and developing safe and effective medicines to alleviate MT-induced hepatic injury is an urgent requirement. The aim of this study was to reveal the role of mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) in post-traumatic liver injury, and ascertain whether melatonin protects against MT-induced hepatic injury by regulating MAMs.

Methods
Hepatic mechanical injury was established in Sprague–Dawley rats and primary hepatocytes. A variety of experimental methods were employed to assess the effects of melatonin on hepatic injury, apoptosis, MAMs formation, mitochondrial function and signaling pathways.

Results
Significant increase of IP3R1 expression and MAMs formation were observed in MT-induced hepatic injury. Melatonin treatment at the dose of 30 mg/kg inhibited IP3R1-mediated MAMs and attenuated MT-induced liver injury in vivo. In vitro, primary hepatocytes cultured in 20% trauma serum (TS) for 12 h showed upregulated IP3R1 expression, increased MAMs formation and cell injury, which were suppressed by melatonin (100 μmol/L) treatment. Consequently, melatonin suppressed mitochondrial calcium overload, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and improved mitochondrial function under traumatic condition. Melatonin’s inhibitory effects on MAMs formation and mitochondrial calcium overload were blunted when IP3R1 was overexpressed. Mechanistically, melatonin bound to its receptor (MR) and increased the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2, which interacted with FoxO1 and inhibited the activation of FoxO1 that bound to the IP3R1 promoter to inhibit MAMs formation.

Conclusion
Melatonin prevents the formation of MAMs via the MR-ERK1/2-FoxO1-IP3R1 pathway, thereby alleviating the development of MT-induced liver injury. Melatonin-modulated MAMs may be a promising therapeutic therapy for traumatic hepatic injury.

Graphical Abstract
Evaluation of penalized and machine learning methods for asthma disease prediction in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)
Authors: Choi Yongjun , Cha Junho , Choi Sungkyoung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundGenome-wide association studies have successfully identified genetic variants associated with human disease. Various statistical approaches based on penalized and machine learning methods have recently been proposed for disease prediction. In this study, we evaluated the performance of several such methods for predicting asthma using the Korean Chip (KORV1.1) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).ResultsFirst, single-nucleotide polymorphisms were selected via single-variant tests using logistic regression with the adjustment of several epidemiological factors. Next, we evaluated the following methods for disease prediction: ridge, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, elastic net, smoothly clipped absolute deviation, support vector machine, random forest, boosting, bagging, naïve Bayes, andk-nearest neighbor. Finally, we compared their predictive performance based on the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curves, precision, recall, F1-score, Cohen′s Kappa, balanced accuracy, error rate, Matthews correlation coefficient, and area under the precision-recall curve. Additionally, three oversampling algorithms are used to deal with imbalance problems.ConclusionsOur results show that penalized methods exhibit better predictive performance for asthma than that achieved via machine learning methods. On the other hand, in the oversampling study, randomforest and boosting methods overall showed better prediction performance than penalized methods.
Draft genome sequence of novel Candidatus Ornithobacterium hominis carrying antimicrobial resistance genes in Egypt
Authors: Ahmed Nada , Azab Marwa , Enany Shymaa , Hanora Amro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Candidatus Ornithobacterium hominis (O. hominis), which was identified in nasopharyngeal swabs from Egypt, has been associated with respiratory disorders in humans. O. hominis, a recently identified member of the Flavobacteriaceae family, belongs to the largest family within the Bacteroidetes phylum. This family includes hundreds of species and 90 genera, including major human pathogens such as Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. Herein, we presented two draft genome assemblies of O. hominis that were extracted from metagenomic data using the Illumina sequencing method. The alignment of reads against the O. hominis genome was accomplished using BLASTN, and the reads with significant hits were extracted using Seqtk and assembled using SPAdes. The primary goal of this study was to obtain a more profound understanding of the genomic landscape of O. hominis, with an emphasis on identifying the associated virulence, antimicrobial genes, and distinct defense mechanisms to shed light on the potential role of O. hominis in human respiratory infections.

Results
The genome size was estimated to be 1.84 Mb, including 1,931,660 base pairs (bp), with 1,837 predicted coding regions and a G+C content of 35.62%. Genes encoding gliding motility, antibiotic resistance (20 genes), and the toxA gene were all included in the genome assembly. Gliding motility lipoproteins (GldD, GldJ, GldN, and GldH) and the gliding motility-associated ABC transporter substrate-binding protein, which acts as a crucial virulence mechanism in Flavobacterium species, were identified. The genome contained unique genes encoding proteins, such as the ParE1 toxin that defend against the actions of quinolone and other antibiotics. The cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance gene encoding the protein CzcB, which is necessary for metal resistance, urease regulation, and colonization, was also detected. Several multidrug resistance genes encoding proteins were identified, such as MexB, MdtK, YheI, and VanC.

Conclusion
Our study focused on identifying virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance genes present in the core genome of O. hominis. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential pathogenicity and antibiotic susceptibility of O. hominis.