bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Function of pancreatic endocrine cells in experimental acute pancreatitis
Authors: Kinami Yoshio , Mura Toshinari , Sugii Mamoru , Miyazaki Itsuo 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThis experimental study was carried out to clarify changes in pancreatic endocrine function in acute pancreatitis. Male Donryu rats were divided into 2 groups, consisting of a group with acute pancreatitis induced by Block's method, and another group with simple laparotomy as control. Histological examination in the former group revealed an interstitial edematous pancreatitis, but there was no marked alteration of endocrine cells in spite of inflammatory changes in the exocrine region. Insulin and glucagon levels in the pancreatic tissue of rats with acute pancreatitis were significantly lower than those of control rats. Autoradiographic studies using3H‐leucine showed a significant decrease of grain counts for endocrine granules in rats with acute pancreatitis. The release of insulin from isolated islets of Langerhans was not reduced until 72 hours after the development of acute pancreatitis, while the release of glucagon from isolated islets was reduced 6 hours after the development of acute pancreatitis. These findings indicate that there is a reduction of synthesis and secretion function in endocrine cells of the pancreas in acute pancreatitis, and suggest that the damage to A cells occurs more rapidly than damage to B cells.
Cadaveric organ retrieval for transplantation
Authors: van der Vliet J. A. , Kootstra G. , Krom R. A. F. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTo relieve the persistent shortage of cadaveric donor organs for transplantation, organ harvesting may become a routine procedure in all general hospitals. Because of that prospect, the selection of donors, donor management, techniques of nephrectomy, hepatectomy, and pancreatectomy, and preservation procedures are described. Finally, criteria for the establishment of regional procurement programs, involving a professional transplant coordinator, are elucidated.
Successful closure of a traumatic pulmonary arteriovenous fistula of the main pulmonary artery
Authors: Stelter W. ‐J. , Walter P. , Ernst R. , Werdan K. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe case of a 53‐year‐old man who suffered from a penetrating chest injury in World War II is reported. Thirty‐four years later, an arteriovenous pulmonary fistula arising from this injury was diagnosed and closed by direct suture. A review of the literature indicates that this is the fifth case of a pulmonary fistula of traumatic origin, and the first case in which such a fistula has been successfully closed without resection of lung tissue.
Primary resection in perforating diverticulitis of the colon
Authors: Risholm Lars 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe surgical treatment of perforated diverticulitis of the colon remains a controversial issue. Since 1974 the author's surgical group has consistently utilized emergency removal of the perforated section of the colon in 37 consecutive cases. Resection with primary anastomosis was done in 6 cases, and exteriorization in the remainder (Hartmann's procedure, 26 cases; Bloch‐Mikulicz, 5 cases). There were 2 postoperative deaths in elderly females. Postoperative course was uneventful in the other cases, there being no serious complications. Our conclusion is that it should be considered essential to remove a perforated colonic segment from the peritoneal cavity.
Endoscopic insertion of the celestin tube in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Struve‐Christensen E. , Aasted A. , Bertelsen S. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA new method for inserting endoesophageal tubes is described. In patients with stenosing, inoperable esophageal malignancies, a passage through the neoplastic masses must be secured to avoid dysphagia and salivation. By first dilating the tumor lumen with the Eder‐Puestow apparatus and then inserting the correctly cut tube using endoscopic equipment, an operation can be avoided.In 28 patients, a Celestin tube was thus inserted. The method involved only a few complications. It can be recommended as an alternative to existing operative methods for endoesophageal intubation.
Evolution and pathology of rectal cancer
Authors: Hermanek Paul 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn the evolution of rectal cancer, the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence is of the greatest importance. In the rectum, we should employ the termcarcinomaonly when the tumor has penetrated the muscularis mucosae and has invaded at least the submucosa. If the invasive growth is limited to the submucosa (early colorectal carcinoma), the prognosis is excellent. The further progression of the tumor is both horizontal and vertical. With increasing vertical growth (penetration), the incidence of lymphatic metastases rises. Lymphatic spread follows certain rules, which are of significance in the selection of surgical procedure. Histological evidence of venous invasion signals the danger of hematogenic dissemination.Tumors with different histological grades of malignancy also reveal a different pattern of biological behavior. The individual pathology of the tumors is characterized by typing, grading, and staging. This provides the basis for the planning and performance of surgical therapy, in the sense of a “histology‐ and stage‐adapted therapy,” and for an assessment of the prognosis, and also is prerequisite for the subsequent evaluation of the results of treatment.
Assessing the problem, preparing the patient, and minimizing the risks in rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Alexander‐Williams J. , Keighley M. R. B. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBefore treating rectal cancer, the surgeon should assess accurately the size, differentiation, and invasiveness of the tumor, as well as the patient's mental and physical preparedness for the planned therapy. When sphincter‐saving surgery is intended, anal function should be measured. With the patient in the optimal mental and physical state, the bowel should be prepared before operation in the most economical and least physiologically disturbing manner. With careful attention to minimizing the risks of sepsis and cardiorespiratory, thromboembolic, and urinary complications, the mortality from major potentially curative rectal operations should now approach zero.
Per‐anal anastomosis
Authors: Parks Alan G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBetween 1973 and 1980, a total of 76 patients with rectal carcinoma underwent rectal resection and restoration of bowel continuity by means of a sutured anastomosis between the colon and anal canal. The pathological characteristics of these tumors were similar to those of all cases of carcinoma of the rectum treated at St. Mark's Hospital between 1948 and 1972. Two patients developed pelvic sepsis following colonic necrosis and anastomotic breakdown. Eight developed pelvic sepsis without major anastomotic breakdown. No patient died as a result of pelvic sepsis. Sixty‐nine of the 70 patients who were able to be assessed were either completely normal functionally or had only minor deficiencies of bowel function.Six patients have been observed to develop recurrent pelvic tumor, localized to the pelvis in 4 and concurrent with the development of widespread metastases in 2. Twenty‐one of 32 patients are alive 3 years and 12 of 19 patients are alive 5 years after a curative operation for rectal carcinoma. These results are comparable with those seen following total excision of the rectum and pelvic floor for similarly sited tumors.
The parasacral sphincter‐splitting approach to the rectum
Authors: Allgöwer M. , Dürig M. , Hochstetter A. v. , Huber A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe parasacral, in most instances sphincter‐splitting, approach to the lower rectum has been used in 79 instances with no operative mortality; 36 cases of low rectal cancer were the subject of this paper. In UICC stages Ia and Ib (limited to mucosa and submucosa) and stage‐II tumors, those of the T2N0 type (penetration of rectal musculature wall with no lymph node involvement), are good indications for this conservative surgery of very low rectal malignancies at any age; the stage of local lymph node invasion and the depth of rectal invasion require intraoperative histological evaluation. In more advanced tumor stages this approach should be considered only if abdominoperineal amputation is categorically refused or if the patient is at very high risk (e.g., in very old patients). The parasacral operation is surprisingly well tolerated, provided the 2–3‐hour procedure is carried out under optimal cardiorespiratory supervision and care.
Management of the colostomy
Authors: Schwemmle K. , Kunze H. ‐H. , Padberg W. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAlthough the care of the artificial anus is solved to a satisfactory degree and most of the patients have no problems with it, the decision to perform a definitive colostomy must be reflected thoroughly. It should not be performed unless alternative methods, particularly the deep anterior resection of the rectum, can be excluded. In stoma care the peristomal skin must be completely covered to avoid inflammatory reactions caused by contact with stool and secretions. All stoma patients should be familiar with the use and performance of the irrigation, since this permits evacuation of the bowel at a convenient time.Among experimental studies of operative measures to accomplish a certain sphincter function of the artificial anus, the magnetic closure device and the free muscle transplantation have gained some popularity. Further experience is necesssary with the hydraulic sphincter prosthesis.
The follow‐up of patients after definitive resections for large bowel cancer
Authors: Enker Warren E. , Kramer Robin G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe follow‐up of patients with colorectal cancer is a representative model for the management of solid tumors. A program that integrates multidisciplinary care serves the best interests of patients in the areas of identification and management of recurrence, identification and prevention of metachronous disease, detection of independent new primary cancers, and establishment of programs for particular high‐risk categories. Data evolving from such organized follow‐up efforts will benefit the management of all patients.
Parietal cell vagotomy: Experience with 114 patients with prepyloric or duodenal ulcer
Authors: Hollinshead John W. , Smith Ross C. , Gillett David J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA review of 114 patients following parietal cell vagotomy (PCV) is presented, showing a satisfactory result in duodenal ulcer patients (recurrence rate, 5.8%; Visick grade III and IV, 16%) but unsatisfactory results in patients with prepyloric or combined duodenal and gastric ulcers (recurrence rate, 44%; Visick grade III and IV, 62%). We conclude that parietal cell vagotomy is an excellent operation for duodenal ulcer, but it is unsatisfactory when there is evidence of past or present gastric ulceration.
The role of portal blood factors in regeneration of the liver
Authors: Takeshige Kotohito , Kuroda Hirofumi , Fukaya Yoshitaka , Suzuki Hiromichi , Hasegawa Makoto , Yamamoto Sadahiro 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA new hepatic blood flow diversion method was undertaken to investigate further the influence of pancreatic hormones and hepatic blood flow on the functional regeneration of the liver. The new technique does not use venograft. The splenic vein was dissected and anastomosed to the proximal portal vein, which supplied the right lobes, and the mesenteric vein was dissected and anatomosed to the left portal vein at the hilus of the liver, which supplied the left lobes.Mongrel dogs weighing approximately 10 kg were used. The right lobe received pancreatico‐gastrosplenic blood. The left lobe received intestinal blood. After hepatectomy, which removed 10% from the right side and 40% from the left side, blood flow volume to the right and left lobes was almost equal. The right lobes increased in weight significantly more than the left lobes. The extraction rates of indocyanine green of the right and left lobes were not significantly different. The right lobe revealed typical regeneration histologically, but the left lobe showed no signs of atrophy. Although pancreatic hormones were sufficiently supplied to the left lobe through the hepatic artery, they were not degraded. Pancreatic hormones could be a modifying factor affecting the quantity of hepatic regeneration. The study of both the quantity and the functional quality of the regenerated liver is important.
Results of surgical treatment in N2 lung cancer
Authors: Martini Nael , Flehinger Betty J. , Zaman Muhammad B. , Beattie Edward J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractEighty patients were treated by resection for carcinoma of the lung with mediastinal lymph node metastases. Complete resection of the primary tumor and a mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed on all patients. The majority also received postoperative external radiation therapy to the mediastinum. Survival after resection was 47% at 3 years and 38% at 4 years. Survival was better when the histologic diagnosis was adenocarcinoma, when the primary tumor was small, and when the mediastinum appeared normal on regular chest roentgenograms.
Chemotherapy of non‐small cell lung cancer: Clinical trials at the Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center
Authors: Gralla R. J. , Wittes R. E. , Casper E. S. , Kelsen D. P. , Cvitkovic E. , Magill G. B. , Krown S. E. , Golbey R. B. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBronchogenic carcinoma is one of the most difficult and pressing problems in cancer therapy. Overall survival of 799 primary cases at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center was 7.8%, reflecting the advanced nature of most lung cancer at the time of presentation and the inadequacy of current local therapies as potential cures. The need for effective systemic therapy having acceptable toxicity is obvious. From 1972 to 1975, four combination drug regimens were tested at the Center: MAV, MFC, CAMF, and VAB. Despite the lack of significant responses, the median survival was 2.5 to 6 months. A subsequent study of the effect of high doses of cyclophosphamide, followed by high doses of methotrexate with leukovorin rescue, produced significant toxicity; partial responses were seen in 5/20 patients. Other agents tested have included pyrazofurin, vindesine, chlorozotocin, PCNU, PALA, m‐AMSA, and interferon. Only vindesine has shown promise. Recent trials of cisplatin (DDP) in combination with vindesine have been encouraging. Eighty‐one patients with measurable inoperable non‐small cell lung cancer have been treated with this combination. Toxicity has been easily managed. Complete or partial responses have been demonstrated in 43 percent of 35 patients. Duration of response has been significantly greater for patients receiving high‐dose DDP as compared to low‐dose DDP. Addition of cyclophosphamide to the regimen appeared to offer no obvious advantages. Future studies include a clinical trial of the DDP‐vindesine combination in the adjuvant setting.
The place of radiotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer
Authors: Hilaris Basil S. , Martini Nael , Nori Dattatreyudu , Beattie Edward J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractFew patients with bronchogenic non‐oat cell carcinoma are treated when the disease is at a relatively early stage. Surgery is presently the most effective treatment for this group of patients. The majority of the patients are treated when the disease is relatively advanced and when there is a high tendency for lymphatic and hematogenous spread. A large proportion of these patients are currently treated by irradiation. Radiotherapy, like surgery, is expected to contribute to locoregional control. The radiotherapeutic management of lung cancer at Memorial Hospital differs from that in other institutions by the extensive utilization of both internal and external beam radiotherapy. Interstitial brachytherapy adds, on the average, 45 minutes to 1 hour to the operating time, does not increase the hospital stay, and converts an exploratory thoracotomy into a therapeutic procedure. The morbidity and mortality in our experience has not been excessive. This combined approach enables us to improve the local tumor control and nodal sterilization and to spare the normal lung tissue. Interstitial brachytherapy alone has been shown to be a satisfactory alternative to surgery for patients with limited lung cancer (stage I) who cannot have resection because of limited cardiopulmonary reserve. The number of patients in this category is small, but even so, 6/12 patients (50%) have survived for 5 years or more. This combined approach, however, has failed to prolong survival in the more advanced stages, especially when the mediastinal nodes were involved.
Resectability of lung cancer and survival in the New York Lung Cancer Detection program
Authors: Flehinger Betty J. , Melamed Myron R. , Zaman Muhammad B. , Heelan Robert T. , Perchick Wendy , Martini Nael 
Published: May 2005

AbstractOf the 10,040 men who are enrolled in the New York Early Lung Cancer Detection program, 206 have now developed carcinoma of the lung, and 107 (52%) have been treated by complete resection. One hundred forty‐seven lung cancers (71%) were detected and diagnosed by the screening examination; 59 were interval cases diagnosed because of symptoms or on x‐rays taken elsewhere. Of the former group, 93 (63%) were completely resected, whereas only 14 (24%) of the latter group were resectable. Survival without regard to tumor stage or cell type is estimated to be 65% at 6 years for the carcinomas treated by complete resection, and 8% at 4 years for all others.
Evaluation of clinicopathological analysis of the early gastric cancer
Authors: Sowa Michio , Ohkita Hiyoshi , Nitta Mitsugu , Yoshimoto Takayuki , Matsuzawa Hiroshi , Miki Atsushi , Sugano Seiji , Aoki Toyoaki , Kamino Kenjin , Umeyama Kaoru 
Published: May 2005

AbstractClinicopathological data obtained in 174 cases of early gastric carcinoma were reviewed. They covered 183 lesions composed of 88 intramucosal lesions (m) and 95 submucosal lesions (sm). Of the 183 lesions, 46 (25.2%) were of a protruded or an elevated type, and 135 (73.7%) of a depressed or an excavated type, while 2 were of a flat type. Thus, the depressed type (IIc) was predominant. Furthermore, of the 183 lesions, about 58% developed in the middle part (M) of the stomach, about 40% in the lower part (A), and slightly over 2% in the upper part (C).Histologically papillary adenocarcinomas were of the protruded or elevated type and about 86% of poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas came under the depressed or excavated type. No metastasis occurred in any type when cancer cells remained within the mucosa. When cancer cells invaded the submucosa, the incidence of metastasis was 23/ 174 (13.2%) in early gastric cancer, and was somewhat higher in IIa + IIc type cancer. Lymph node metastases were noted in the primary (n1)or second (n2)group but not in the third group. These results suggest that resection of early gastric cancer should be coupled with cleaning the lymph nodes in the first 2 groups as a rule. The 5‐year survival rate in our patients was 98%.Early gastric carcinoma was classified histologically and its possible relation to intestinal metaplasia in the perifocal mucosa was sought by the Tes‐tape method.
Clinical aspects and therapy of early gastric cancer
Authors: Gebhardt C. , Husemann B. , Hermanek P. , Gentsch H. H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn the last 10 years, 130 patients with early gastric carcinoma were operated on at the Surgical University Clinic of Erlangen. The ulcerous type was the most frequent (85%) and had the best prognosis with a 5‐year survival rate of 87% excluding operative mortality, and 100% when agecorrected.
Proximal or Total gastrectomy for benign and malignant lesions of the stomach
Authors: Hamanaka Y. , Yoshioka Y. , Ohsugi H. , Sakai T. , Yean‐Kun C. , Sakai K. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDuring the 15 years and 7 months from January, 1965 to July, 1980, a total of 306 patients were subjected to proximal or total gastrectomy. In the latest period of 7 years, various operative procedures were employed depending on the pathological conditions of individual patients, as follows: patients with benign lesions or stage I and II tumors were subjected mainly to proximal gastrectomy plus pedicled jejunal interposition between the esophagus and gastric stump; those with stage III tumors were subjected to total gastrectomy plus pedicled jejunal interposition between the esophagus and duodenum; and those with stage IV tumors were subjected to total gastrectomy plus Roux‐en‐Y esophagojejunostomy. The incidence of postoperative complications was lowest after pedicled jejunal interposition between the esophagus and gastric stump, followed by pedicled jejunal interposition between the esophagus and duodenum. Roux‐en‐Y esophagojejunostomy had the highest incidence of complications.
EEA stapler in large bowel surgery
Authors: Marti M. ‐C. , Fiala J. ‐M. , Rohner A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractNinety‐eight surgical procedures with one of the EEA staplers are reported. In 79 instances of large bowel anastomosis, 3 clinical anastomotic leaks and 7 radiological leaks occurred with spontaneous healing. The EEA stapler allows safe anastomosis even at a very low level; carcinologic criteria for bowel resection must, nevertheless, be absolutely respected to avoid local recurrences.
Multimodal treatment for advanced cancer of the pancreas
Authors: Onodera T. , Okamoto A. , Ito I. , Matsuda T. 
Published: May 2005

Conclusions
For advanced cancer of the pancreas, a combination of intraoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be one of the most useful treatments.
Intraoperative radiotherapy apparently reduced the size of the tumor of the pancreas.
Intraoperative radiotherapy palliated the pain due to cancer of the pancreas.
Surgical treatment of the hepatic hydatid cyst
Authors: Jove R. G. , Allamand L. H. , Fernandez H. F. , Fonseca F. H. , Lopez M. A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractHepatic hydatid cysts were seen in 79 patients between 1973 and 1980: 23 were treated by cystectomy, 33 by partial hepatectomy, and the remaining 23 by internal drainage. The indication for internal drainage was bacterial infection of the cyst, or the anatomical site of the cyst preventing excision. There were 3 deaths, 2 due to sepsis following internal drainage, and the third due to sepsis following a postoperative hemoperitoneum. The most serious complications seen were intraperitoneal bleeding and infection. Of the 5 cases of intraperitoneal bleeding, 3 followed partial hepatectomy; one complicated cystectomy alone; and one occurred after internal drainage. Septic complications were seen in 15 cases. Following internal drainage there were 10 cases of subphrenic, hepatic or subhepatic abscess; 3 similar cases were seen in the hepatectomy group and 1 in the cystectomy group. The average postoperative stay was 5 days for the cystectomy group, 20 for the partial hepatectomy group, and 30 for the internal drainage group. Partial hepatectomy, by removing the fibrous ecto cyst cavity, reduces the risk of abscess formation at this site.