Policy Implementation Model of Accelerating Contamination and Destruction Management on Citarum River Flow (Study on the Policy Implementation of Regulation Number 15 Year 2018 concerning the Accelerating Contamination and Destruction Management on Citarum River Flow)
Authors: Chandra Ronald , Sumartono  , Setyowati Endah , Muluk M R Khairul 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The policy in Indonesia faces problems at the central government level (Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs, Coordinating Ministry for PMK, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Home Affairs); West Java Provincial Government level; as well as health policies at the district/city government level through which the Citarum River flows. This relationship pattern determines the pattern of interactions (pattern of interactions) of all stakeholders related to Citarum policies. This study uses Grindle's (1980) approach because policy (the content of policy) and implementation environment (context of implementation) are two things that influence the success of implementation. The purpose of this study was to analyze, describe, and find a model for implementing pollution and damage control program policies for the Citarum River Basin using the Grindle approach (1980).

Theoretical Reference Framework: Previous research that supports this research is research conducted by Jung et al. (2021); Koch I, Reeves A. (2021); Tri N, Hau D, Duyen N, (2021); Dutta, et al., (2021); Wiryanto W, (2020); Idris, H. (2017); Rashid and Alfina. (2017; and Raharja, SJ (2015). Related to the implementation of public policy, Grindle (1980) introduces the implementation model as a political and administrative process, this model describes the decision-making process carried out by various actors where the final output is determined by both the program material used has been achieved as well as through the interaction of decision-makers in the context of administrative politics. The political process can be seen through the decision-making process involving various policy actors while the administrative process is seen through the general process regarding administrative actions that can be examined at a specific program level.

Method: The type of research used in this study is qualitative the focus of the research consists of the Content of Policy, Context of Implementation, Output, and Outcome of policy implementation, as well as the Model of Policy implementation. This research was carried out in the Provincial Government of West Java and all Regencies and Cities which are also in the Citarum River Basin by collecting data on communities along the Citarum River, especially people who receive BPJS Health facilities along the Citarum River. Informants in this study were selected using a sampling technique, namely, purposive sampling, namely informants who understand the condition of the Citarum River, starting from implemented policies, pollution control, and destruction of the area. Data collection techniques were carried out through library research, observation, in-depth interviews, as well as documentation and analysis.

Results: The results of this study indicate that: (1) In general, the study of the Health Insurance Policy Implementation Model and the Citarum Watershed Pollution and Damage Control Program Policy based on the Grindle perspective still has several obstacles in its implementation, (2) Judging from the implementation environment, there are strengths and interests will maintain the existing status at the research site, then some things that still leave problems, for example, the unclear authority in implementing the program needs serious attention, so that similar phenomena do not recur. The Citarum watershed problem has become a very serious waste problem locally and nationally. The issuance of Presidential Decree number 15 of 2018 shows the government's seriousness in solving the problem of pollution in the Citarum watershed area. Policy implementers are highly committed to preventing, controlling, and restoring the Citarum watershed so that it becomes clean, beautiful, and free of waste and pollution.

Discussion: The implementation of the health insurance policy and pollution and damage control program policies for the Citarum River Basin does not yet have an implementing organizational structure, so this section needs to be completed. In addition, the supporting funds provided are not sufficient so financing factors need to be considered and supported.

Conclusions: In the Recommended Model, in addition to proposing additional dimensions to the Grindle model, the author also proposes that it is necessary to complete the Grindle implementation model with policy output. This is important because when studying policy implementation, it does not only examine policy outcomes but also examines policy output. Given this, it occupies an important position in policy implementation.