bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Youth Development Approach: a Model Specific to Türkiye
Authors: Ataç Ömer , Yoruç Çotuk Müfide , Trejos-Castillo Elizabeth 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPositive Youth Development (PYD) has received increasing attention among researchers worldwide and has played an important role in the creation of youth development strategies and policies across many countries. However, previous research in the field of PYD has suggested that separate studies should be conducted for each different context (especially culture). As a result, the need to determine the positive development indicators of young people in their own context has emerged. There is currently a lack of scientific research focused on developing adapting the PYD model specifically to the context of Türkiye. This study aims to test a PYD model applied to Turkish contexts by benefiting from the insights of experts working in the field of youth development. Using the Delphi Method, we determined the indicators/attributes in two consecutive stages with a panel of youth development experts (Stage 1: n = 715 and Stage 2: n = 334). In the first Delphi phase, we collected the responses of the participants (3,724 meaningful words, phrases, or sentences) with an open-ended question. In the second Delphi phase, we presented the 17 indicators/attributes we created through the data to the approval of the participants using a 5-point Likert scale. In the second phase, participants reached consensus on all 17 indicators/attributes (over 80% for 5 features and over 90% for 12 features). 56.2% of the participants chose morality, 40.4% the desire to learn, 30.8% responsibility, and 30.2% honesty as the most important indicators. All but two of the 17 indicators in the model (respect and awareness/consciousness) overlapped with one indicator of at least one of the current models in the literature. The findings showed that when determining developmental indicators/attributes for the PYD in Türkiye, the contexts in which young people live (especially culture) should be taken into account. In addition, the findings suggest that trying to adapt only one of the models developed in different contexts directly to young people in other contexts may cause other indicators that are seen as important and needed in their own contexts to be overlooked.
Air Pollution Reduces the Individuals’ Life Satisfaction Through Health Impairment
Authors: Abed Al Ahad Mary 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe impact of air pollution on individuals’ happiness and life satisfaction (LS), and its relationship to other factors became the focus of recent research. Though, the underlying mechanism of how air pollution impacts LS remains unclear. In this study, we examined the direct and indirect effect of air pollution on individuals’ LS through health mediation. We used longitudinal individual-level data from “Understanding-Society: the UK Household-Longitudinal Study” on 59,492 individuals with 347,377 repeated responses across 11 years (2009–2019) that was linked to yearly concentrations of NO2, SO2, and particulate-matter (PM10, PM2.5) pollution. Generalized structural equation models with multilevel ordered-logistic regression were used to examine the direct effect of air pollution on LS and the indirect effect from health impairment. Higher concentrations of NO2 (coefficient = 0.009, 95%CI = 0.007,0.012, p < 0.001), SO2 (coefficient = 0.025, 95%CI = 0.017,0.034, p < 0.001), PM10 (coefficient = 0.019, 95%CI = 0.013,0.025, p < 0.001), and PM2.5 (coefficient = 0.025, 95%CI = 0.017,0.033, p < 0.001) pollutants were associated with poorer health, while poorer health was associated with reduced LS (coefficient = -0.605, 95%CI = -0.614,-0.595, p < 0.001). Mediation path analysis showed that air pollution impacted individuals’ LS directly and indirectly. The percent of total effect mediated through health was 44.03% for NO2, 73.95% for SO2, 49.88% for PM10, and 45.42% for PM2.5 and the ratio of indirect to direct effect was 0.79 for NO2, 2.84 for SO2, 0.99 for PM10, and 0.83 for PM2.5. Health plays a major mediating role in the relationship between air pollution and LS. To alleviate the impact of air pollution on LS, future strategies should focus on health promotion besides reducing air pollution emissions.
The Mediating Roles of Mindfulness in Marriage and Mindfulness in Parenting in the Relationship Between Parents’ Dispositional Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation of Their Children
Authors: Uygun Ezgi Güney , Erus Seher Merve 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe fact that primary school is a pre-adolescent period makes it important in terms of regulating emotions. The beginning signals of adolescence occur during this period. It is clear that this challenging process of emotion regulation is linked to age and development, along with parental characteristics and the interactions of the child with the parent. It is believed that researching the variables that influence emotion regulation can help individuals maintain healthy social interactions throughout their journey from childhood to adulthood. In this context, parents’ mindfulness levels, which include both intrapersonal and interpersonal processes, play a crucial role in helping their children regulate their emotions. The current study aims to ascertain the serial mediating role of mindfulness in marriage and mindfulness in parenting in the relationship between parents’ dispositional mindfulness and the emotion regulation of their children aged 6–10. A total of 333 parents, all of whom were married and had children ranging from 6 to 10 years old, participated in the study. “Emotion Regulation Checklist”, “Mindfulness in Marriage Scale”, “Mindful Attention Awareness Scale” and “Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire” were used in the study. To determine the mediating role, the bootstrap method was used via structural equation modeling (SEM) to ascertain the mediating role. The SEM and bootstrap method revealed that there was a serial mediation effect between parents’ dispositional mindfulness and emotion regulation of their children. This effect was attributed to mindfulness in marriage and mindfulness in parenting. Given that the primary school years are a critical developmental stage in improving emotion regulation skills, family-based interventions supporting parents’ mindfulness in three important areas (dispositional, marital, and parental) may help to improve the children’s capacity to regulate their emotions.
Post-operative KEloids iRradiation (POKER): does the surgery/high-dose interventional radiotherapy association make a winning hand?
Authors: Franzetti Jessica , Durante Stefano , Mastroleo Federico , Volpe Stefania , De Lorenzi Francesca , Rotondi Marco , Lorubbio Chiara , Vitullo Angelo , Frassoni Samuele , Bagnardi Vincenzo , Cambria Raffaella , Cattani Federica , Vavassori Andrea , Jereczek-Fossa Barbara Alicja 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To report the results involving post-operative interventional radiotherapy (POIRT) in a homogenous cohort of patients affected by keloid and treated at a single institution with the same fractionation schedule.

Patients and Methods
Inclusion criteria were: surgery with a histopathological diagnosis of keloid, subsequent high-dose rate interventional radiotherapy (HDR-IRT)—12 Gy in 4 fractions (3 Gy/fr) twice a day—and follow-up period ≥ 24 months.

Results
One-hundred and two patients and a total of 135 keloids were eligible for the analyses. Median follow-up was 64 [IQR: 25–103] months. Thirty-six (26.7%) recurrences were observed, 12-months and 36-months cumulative incidence of recurrence were 20.7% (95% CI 12.2–28.5) and 23.8% (95% CI 14.9–31.7) respectively. History of spontaneous keloids (HR = 7.00, 95% CI 2.79–17.6, p < 0.001), spontaneous cheloid as keloid cause (HR = 6.97, 95% CI 2.05–23.7, p = 0.002) and sternal (HR = 10.6, 95% CI 3.08–36.8, p < 0.001), ear (HR = 6.03, 95% CI 1.71–21.3, p = 0.005) or limb (HR = 18.8, 95% CI 5.14–68.7, p < 0.001) keloid sites were significantly associated to a higher risk of recurrence.

Conclusions
The findings support the use of surgery and POIRT as an effective strategy for controlling keloid relapses. Further studies should focus on determining the optimal Biologically Effective Dose and on establishing a scoring system for patient selection.
Leaders in the United Nations General Assembly: Revitalization or politicization?
Authors: Baturo Alexander , Gray Julia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHow do leaders address the world in service of international cooperation, and do their messages enhance or detract from the global agenda? Leaders increasingly appear at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), a deliberative forum meant for diplomacy, not politics. At the same time, the UNGA has long undergone revitalization efforts, and leaders’ contributions could potentially ensure more meaningful cooperation. Building on theories of leader communication, we argue that, in contrast to other country representatives, heads of state have more leeway to deviate from the assembly’s priorities; as politicians, they have incentives to discuss their own, more particularistic, topics. Drawing from novel data on leaders’ speeches in the UNGA, we use text analytics to show that leaders tend to depart from the policy agenda of the session. Furthermore, national political leaders speak more plainly, centering speech on themselves and departing from the general conventions of diplomatic debate. This suggests that, while leaders’ attendance potentially generates more publicity and visibility for the UNGA, their contributions may also undermine the general debate. Our findings shed light on the ways in which leaders can politicize mulitlateral cooperation, and we give evidence for the role of individuals in the vitality of international organizations.
Transferability of the robot assisted and laparoscopic suturing learning curves
Authors: Leijte E. , De Blaauw I. , Rosman C. , Botden S. M. B. I. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRobot assisted surgery (RAS) is increasingly used, and besides conventional minimally invasive surgery (cMIS) surgeons are challenged to learn an increased array of skills. This study aimed to assess the influence of both learning curves on each other. A prospective randomized crossover study was performed. Participants without cMIS or RAS experience (Groups 1 and 2), and cMIS experienced, (Group 3) were recruited. Three suturing tasks (intracorporal suturing, tilted plane and anastomosis needle transfer) were performed on the EoSim cMIS simulator or RobotiX RAS simulator up to twenty repetitions. Subsequently, Groups 1 and 2 performed the tasks on the other modality. Outcomes were simulator parameters, validated composite and pass/fail scores. In total forty-three participants were recruited. Overall RAS suturing was better in Group 1 (cMIS followed by RAS tasks) and 3 (RAS tasks) versus Group 2 (RAS followed by cMIS tasks) for time (163 s and 157 s versus 193 s p = 0.004, p = 0.001) and composite scores (92/100 and 91/100 versus 89/100 p = 0.008, p = 0.020). The cMIS suturing was better for Group 2 versus 1 (time 287 s versus 349 s p = 0.005, composite score 96/100 versus 94/100 p = 0.002). Significant differences from the RAS suturing pass/fail were reached earlier by Group 3, followed by Groups 1 and 2 (repetition six, nine and twelve). In cMIS suturing Group 2 reached significant differences from the pass/fail earlier than Group 1 (repetition four versus six). Transferability of skills was shown for cMIS and RAS, indicating that suturing experience on cMIS or RAS is beneficial in learning either approach.
The influence of the da Vinci surgical robot on electromagnetic tracking in a clinical environment
Authors: Aguilera Saiz L. , Groen H. C. , Heerink W. J. , Ruers T. J. M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRobot-assisted surgery is increasingly used in surgery for cancer. Reduced overview and loss of anatomical orientation are challenges that might be solved with image-guided surgical navigation using electromagnetic tracking (EMT). However, the robot’s presence may distort the electromagnetic field, affecting EMT accuracy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the robot’s influence on EMT accuracy. For this purpose, two different electromagnetic field generators were used inside a clinical surgical environment: a table top field generator (TTFG) and a planar field generator (PFG). The position and orientation of sensors within the electromagnetic field were measured using an accurate in-house developed 3D board. Baseline accuracy was measured without the robot, followed by stepwise introduction of potential distortion sources (robot and robotic instruments). The absolute accuracy was determined within the entire 3D board and in the clinical working volume. For the baseline setup, median errors in the entire tracking volume within the 3D board were 0.9 mm and 0.3° (TTFG), and 1.1 mm and 0.4° (PFG). Adding the robot and instruments did not affect the TTFG’s position accuracy (p = 0.60), while the PFG’s accuracies decreased to 1.5 mm and 0.7° (p < 0.001). For both field generators, when adding robot and instruments, accuracies inside the clinical working volume were higher compared to the entire tracking 3D board volume, 0.7 mm and 0.3° (TTFG), and 1.1 mm and 0.7° (PFG). Introduction of a surgical robot and robotic instruments shows limited distortion of the EMT field, allowing sufficient accuracy for surgical navigation in robotic procedures.
Process parameters optimization and performance analysis of micro-complex geometry machining on Ti6Al4V
Authors: Farooq Muhammad Umar , Ali Muhammad Asad , Anwar Saqib , Bhatti Haider Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aeronautical industry relies on high-performance equipment that demands materials with exceptional engineering attributes, such as the Ti6Al4V alloy. However, the complexity of the parts used in these applications presents challenges related to stack-up tolerances during assembly. Therefore, conventional machining processes are not economically viable due to their two-step nature solution (machining and surface treatment) and their inability to achieve the required accuracy level, particularly given the alloy’s hard-to-cut nature. In this matter, wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) emerges as an attractive alternative for fabricating complex geometries. This research focuses on evaluating the potential of the WEDM process for machining micro-complex profiles. A comprehensive range of process parameters, including servo voltage (Vs), pulse on time (Ton), pulse off time (Toff), and wire speed (Ws), are studied using a Taguchi-based design of experiments. The results are analyzed through parametric significance analysis, parametric control analysis, surface morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy, and modified layer analysis. Additionally, both mono-objective and multi-objective process optimization techniques are employed to achieve superior accuracy and speed. The findings indicate that Ton and Ws have the most significant influence on both cutting speed and spark gap, whereas Vs and Toff play a crucial role in determining the accuracy index. In addition, adequate flushing, reduced wire speed (economically viable), and stability of the spark are recommended to attain a lower spark gap and higher accuracy. The confirmatory experiments show that the optimal parametric conditions of Vs = 60 V, Toff = 30 μs, Ton = 8 μs, and Ws = 6 mm/s provide the highest speed of 3.4 mm/min, minimum spark gap of 0.344 mm, and accuracy index of 98.72%. The findings will contribute to enhancing manufacturing efficiency, precision, and cost-effectiveness in the aeronautical industry, meeting the demand for high-quality components with tight tolerances.
A Comprehensive Approach to the Thyroid Bethesda Category III (AUS) in the Transition Zone Between 2nd Edition and 3rd Edition of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: Subcategorization, Nuclear Scoring, and More
Authors: Bagıs Merve , Can Nuray , Sut Necdet , Tastekin Ebru , Erdogan Ezgi Genc , Bulbul Buket Yilmaz , Sezer Yavuz Atakan , Kula Osman , Demirtas Elif Mercan , Usta Inci 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSignificant interobserver variabilities exist for Bethesda category III: atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC). Thus, subcategorization of AUS including AUS “nuclear” and AUS “other” is proposed in the recent 3rd edition of TBSRTC. This study investigated the impact of the nuclear features/architectural features/nuclear score (NS) (3-tiered)/subcategories and subgroups on risk of malignancy (ROM) in thyroid fine-needle aspirations (FNA). 6940 FNAs were evaluated. 1224 (17.6%) cases diagnosed as AUS were reviewed, and 240 patients (initial FNAs of 260 nodules and 240 thyroidectomies) were included. Subcategories and subgroups were defined according to TBSRTC 2nd and 3rd editions. Histological diagnostic groups included nonneoplastic disease, benign neoplasm, low-risk neoplasm, and malignant neoplasm. Overall, ROM was 30.7%. ROM was significantly higher in FNAs with nuclear overlapping (35.5%), nuclear molding (56.9%), irregular contours (42.1%), nuclear grooves (74.1%), chromatin clearing (49.4%), and chromatin margination (57.7%), and these features were independent significant predictors for malignancy. FNAs with NS3 had significantly higher ROM (64.2%). Three-dimensional groups were significantly more frequent in malignant neoplasms (35.7%). ROM was significantly higher in AUS-nuclear subcategory (48.2%) and in AUS-nuclear and architectural subcategory (38.3%). The highest ROM was detected in AUS-nuclear1 subgroup (65.2%). ROM was significantly higher in the group including AUS-nuclear and AUS-nuclear and architectural subcategories, namely “high-risk group” than the group including other subcategories, namely “low-risk group” (42.0%vs 13.9%). In conclusion, subcategorization may not be the end point, and nuclear scoring and evaluation of architectural patterns according to strict criteria may provide data for remodeling of TBSRTC categories.
Exploring adult attachment and anxiety: the role of intolerance of uncertainty and social support
Authors: Çarıkçı-Özgül Dilara Nihal , Işık Ümit 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aim of the study is to examine the relationships in between intolerance of uncertainty, perceived social support, insecure adult attachment (anxious and avoidant) and anxiety. The mediator effects of intolerance of uncertainty and perceived social support on the relationship between adult attachment and anxiety have not been examined together yet. Considering the prevalence of anxiety and the etiology of attachment, the outcomes of this study are important in both theoretical and practical contexts. Four hypotheses of the study are built on the assumption that both intolerance of uncertainty and perceived social support will have mediating effects on the relationships between anxious attachment and anxiety, and between avoidant attachment and anxiety. The sample consists of 880 university students between the ages of 18-25. Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory-II-Short Form, Trait Anxiety Form, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Short Form and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale were used. According to the findings, intolerance of uncertainty was found to be in the role of mediator on the relationship between anxious attachment and anxiety, but not on the relationship between avoidant attachment and anxiety. The family and significant other sub-dimensions of perceived social support mediated the relationship between both anxious attachment and anxiety, and avoidant attachment and anxiety.
Rewriting the Script: the Need for Effective Education to Address Racial Disparities in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Uptake in BIPOC Communities
Authors: Sullivan Christi R. P. , Henry Alex , Lehman Jonathan , Caola Logan , Nahas Ziad , Widge Alik S. , Cabrera Laura Y. , Randolph Anita , Wilson Saydra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDepression is a widespread concern in the United States. Neuromodulation treatments are becoming more common but there is emerging concern for racial disparities in neuromodulation treatment utilization. This study focuses on Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), a treatment for depression, and the structural and attitudinal barriers that racialized individuals face in accessing it. In January 2023 participants from the Twin Cities, Minnesota engaged in focus groups, coupled with an educational video intervention. Individuals self identified as non-white who had no previous TMS exposure but had tried at least one treatment for their depression. Results revealed that the intervention did not notably change knowledge or stigma about TMS, but attitudes surrounding traveling for treatment changed. Notably, barriers like affordability, frequency of treatment, and lack of knowledge persist. Participants expressed a desire for more information, personal connection, and a tailored educational approach. The study suggests a need for multifaceted strategies to reduce disparities, focusing on education, community-based resources, and policy interventions. Immediate actions that can be taken include the creation of a TMS education program focused on patient engagement and awareness about TMS.
Global Versus Local Theories of Consciousness and the Consciousness Assessment Issue in Brain Organoids
Authors: Gaillard Maxence 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAny attempt at consciousness assessment in organoids requires careful consideration of the theory of consciousness that researchers will rely on when performing this task. In cognitive neuroscience and the clinic, there are tools and theories used to detect and measure consciousness, typically in human beings, but none of them is neither fully consensual nor fit for the biological characteristics of organoids. I discuss the existing attempt relying on the Integrated Information Theory and its models and tools. Then, I revive the distinction between global theories of consciousness and local theories of consciousness as a thought-provoking one for those engaged in the difficult task of adapting models of consciousness to the biological reality of brain organoids. The “microconsciousness theory” of Semir Zeki is taken as an exploratory path and illustration of a theory defending that minimal networks can support a form of consciousness. I suggest that the skepticism prevailing in the neuroscience community regarding the possibility of organoid consciousness relies on some assumptions related to a globalist account of consciousness and that other accounts are worth exploring at this stage.
Recent Advances in Aqueous Zn||MnO2 Batteries
Authors: Li Chuan , Zhang Rong , Cui Huilin , Wang Yanbo , Liang Guojin , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecently, rechargeable aqueous zinc-based batteries using manganese oxide as the cathode (e.g., MnO2) have gained attention due to their inherent safety, environmental friendliness, and low cost. Despite their potential, achieving high energy density in Zn||MnO2 batteries remains challenging, highlighting the need to understand the electrochemical reaction mechanisms underlying these batteries more deeply and optimize battery components, including electrodes and electrolytes. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest advancements for understanding the electrochemistry reaction mechanisms and designing electrodes and electrolytes for Zn||MnO2 batteries in mildly and strongly acidic environments. Furthermore, we highlight the key challenges hindering the extensive application of Zn||MnO2 batteries, including high-voltage requirements and areal capacity, and propose innovative solutions to overcome these challenges. We suggest that MnO2/Mn2+ conversion in neutral electrolytes is a crucial aspect that needs to be addressed to achieve high-performance Zn||MnO2 batteries. These approaches could lead to breakthroughs in the future development of Zn||MnO2 batteries, offering a more sustainable, cost-effective, and high-performance alternative to traditional batteries.