bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation model of hepatic steatosis based on CT value and serum uric acid / HDL cholesterol ratio can be used to predict intrahepatic recurrence of CRLM
Authors: Li Yuan , Jin-si-han E-er-man-bie-ke , Feng Cheng , Zhang Weili , Wang Hao , Lian Shaopu , Peng Jianhong , Pan Zhizhong , Li Binkui , Fang Yujing , Lu Zhenhai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Intrahepatic recurrence is one of the main causes of treatment failure in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). Hepatic steatosis was reported to provide fertile soil for metastasis. The effect of irinotecan-inducted hepatic steatosis on the progression of liver metastasis remains to be verified. Therefore, we aim to clarify the effect of hepatic steatosis on postoperative intrahepatic recurrence in CRLM and whether it is relevant to irinotecan-based preoperative chemotherapy.
Methods
Data for a total of 284 patients undergoing curative surgical treatment for CRLMs were retrospectively reviewed between March 2007 to June 2018. Hepatic steatosis score (HSS) was established by combining Liver to Spleen CT ratio (LSR) and Uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratio (UHR) to detect the presence of hepatic steatosis.
Results
The evaluation model is consistent with pathological results and has high prediction ability and clinical application value. Patients with HSS high risk (HSS-HR) had significantly worse prognosis than those with HSS low risk(HSS-LR) (RFS: 42.7% vs. 29.4%, P = 0.003; OS: 45.7% vs. 26.5%, P = 0.002). Univariate and multivariate analysis confirmed its essential role in the prediction of intrahepatic RFS. Besides, HSS model could distinguish high risk patients better among those treated with irinotecan-based chemotherapy. Furthermore, patients treated with preoperative irinotecan chemotherapy were more likely to end up with HSS-HR than those with non-irinotecan chemotherapy (63.3% vs. 21.8%, P<0.001).
Conclusion
In summary, patients with HSS-HR had significantly worse OS and intrahepatic RFS. HSS-HR may be relevant to Irinotecan chemotherapy and had distinctly poor prognoses in patients with irinotecan-based chemotherapy.
Reliability of tele-assessment of five repetition sit to stand and timed up and go tests in patients with non- specific chronic low back pain
Authors: OZSOY Ismail , UZ Ahmet Lutfi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Telerehabilitation has become a frequently preferred option in the follow-up and treatment processes of non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) in recent years. One of the most important components in the rehabilitation of patients with NSLBP is a comprehensive assessment. Physical performance assessments such as the Five Repetition Sit to Stand Test (5xSTS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) stand out as tests often used in clinical measurements in patients with NSLBP.
Aims
This study aimed to assess reliability of tele-assessment of 5xSTS and TUG tests in patients with NSLBP.
Methods
Patients with NSLBP with low back pain for at least 3 months were included in the study. All tests were performed face-to-face and remotely. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were used to determine the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).
Results
Inter-rater reliability results between face-to-face and tele-assessment were excellent for both 5xSTS (ICC = 0.966) and TUG (ICC = 0.900). In addition, the intra-rater reliability results obtained between face-to-face and tele-assessment showed excellent for both 5xSTS (ICC = 0.979) and TUG (ICC = 0.958).
Conclusions
This study suggests that these tests can be used reliably at home or remotely in different settings as well as in the clinic.
Grade 7 School Performance of Children Born Preterm: A Retrospective Canadian Cohort Study
Authors: Louis Deepak , Akil Hammam , Oberio Sapna , Sirski Monica , Alvaro Ruben , Seshia Molly , Moddemann Diane , Lix Lisa , Ruth Chelsea , Garland Allan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Importance:
Data on the middle school outcomes of preterm children are limited and have methodologic issues.
Objective
To study the association between preterm birth and grade 7 school performance.
Methods
A retrospective population-based cohort study of children born in Manitoba, Canada between 1994–2006 using their grade 7 school performance data. A secondary sibling cohort was created comprising children born preterm and their full-term siblings. Primary exposure was preterm birth categorized as < 28, 28–33 and 34–36 weeks gestation. The two co-primary grade 7 outcome measures were: not meeting the mathematics competencies, and not meeting the student engagement competencies. Multivariable logistic regression models tested the association between preterm birth and both co-primary outcomes; adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
Results
7653 preterm (gestational age median [IQR]: 35 weeks [34,36]) and 110,313 term (40 [39,40]) were included. 43% of < 28 weeks, 18% of 28–33 weeks and 17% of 34–36 weeks had the mathematics co-primary outcome compared to 13% of term children. The corresponding % for the student engagement outcome were 42%, 24%, 24% and 24% respectively. Preterm birth was associated with the mathematics (34–36 weeks: 1.26, 1.16–1.35; 28–33 weeks: 1.47, 1.27–1.70; <28 weeks: 5.48, 3.89–7.70) and student engagement outcomes (34–36 weeks: 1.09, 1.01–1.16; 28–33 weeks: 1.21, 1.06–1.39; <28 weeks: 2.49, 1.76–3.51). However, there was no difference in outcomes among the sibling cohort.
Conclusions and Relevance:
Children born preterm had lower grade 7 performance compared to children born term in this population-based cohort. Screening and supports for them in their middle school years are warranted.
Children Raising Children: A cross-sectional survey of parental perceptions and practices regarding sibling caretaking in rural Pakistan
Authors: Bhamani Shelina , Mughis Waliyah , Raza Amir , Ahmed Sheraz , Umrani Fayaz , Jakhro Sadaf , Qureshi Khaliq , Rehman Najeeb , Ali Asad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The phenomenon of children raising children, or older children caretaking for younger children is under-investigated and can significantly impact child development and family wellbeing outcomes.
Methods
The perceptions and practices of 150 parents towards sibling caretaking in rural Pakistan were explored through mixed methods surveys and interviews.
Results
73% of parents assign sibling caretaking responsibilities to their daughters primarily, and 89% ask the eldest child to care for younger siblings, while only 2% reported never assigning this responsibility to a child. Caretaking responsibilities include feeding, bathing, disciplining, and putting the younger siblings to sleep. 95% reported assigning these responsibilities to their eldest child as their personal choice; 79% reported sibling caretaking is aligned with traditional practices/beliefs, although 89% agreed it is unrelated to religious obligations.
Conclusions
The findings hold implications for provision of nurturing care services for young children to support their health, education, childcare, social engagement in resource-constrained settings where children are expected to care for their siblings.
A comparative study of four-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (4DCBCT) and three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (3DCBCT) guided treatment setup in liver cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Wan Bao , Xin Lingxia , Zhang Yanxin , Chen Deqi , Li Zhuoran , Zong Yuan , Liu Bofei , Qin Wenhua , Zhang Zhiwei , Zheng Yongtai , Zhai Yirui , Chen Bo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose
To compare the setup errors and the clinical target volume (CTV) to planning target volume (PTV) margins in image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) for liver cancer using three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (3DCBCT) and four-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (4DCBCT), and explore the advantages of 4DCBCT for the position verification in liver cancer irradiation.
Materials and methods
Fifty-five patients with liver cancer were enrolled. All patients’ CT, four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) simulation images were collected. Image registration, target delineation, and plan design were accomplished in Pinnacle treatment planning system. Pre-treatment’s 3DCBCT and 4DCBCT images were collected at a certain frequency and registered with the simulation CT images. Before beam delivery, the therapy couch was corrected based on the setup errors measured by 4DCBCT. Investigators recorded the setup errors and calculated the CTV to PTV margins using van Herk’s formula. Paired t-test was used to compare the difference of the two groups.
Results
A total of 452 sets of 3DCBCT and 4DCBCT images were collected. The setup errors in 4DCBCT group in superior-inferior (S-I) direction, anterior-posterior (A-P) direction, transverse plane, and coronal plane were significant smaller than in 3DCBCT group, which were 2.6 ± 4.8 mm and 2.1 ± 4.0 mm, P < 0.001; 1.8 ± 1.9 mm and 1.4 ± 1.7 mm, P < 0.001; 0.80 ± 0.76° and 0.75 ± 0.61°, P < 0.001; 0.90 ± 0.74° and 0.78 ± 0.75°, P < 0.001. And the CTV-PTV margins in three-dimensional directions are (5.7, 9.8, 5.8) mm and (5.1, 8.0, 4.6) mm, respectively.
Conclusion
4DCBCT is superior to 3DCBCT in monitoring setup errors and supports smaller PTV margins for liver cancer radiotherapy.
Bias of AI-Generated Content: An Examination of News Produced by Large Language Models
Authors: Fang Xiao , Che Shangkun , Mao Minjia , Zhang Hongzhe , Zhao Ming , Zhao Xiaohang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to transform our lives and work through the content they generate, known as AI-Generated Content (AIGC). To harness this transformation, we need to understand the limitations of LLMs. Here, we investigate the bias of AIGC produced by seven representative LLMs, including ChatGPT and LLaMA. We collect news articles from The New York Times and Reuters, both known for their dedication to provide unbiased news. We then apply each examined LLM to generate news content with headlines of these news articles as prompts, and evaluate the gender and racial biases of the AIGC produced by the LLM by comparing the AIGC and the original news articles. We further analyze the gender bias of each LLM under biased prompts by adding gender-biased messages to prompts constructed from these news headlines. Our study reveals that the AIGC produced by each examined LLM demonstrates substantial gender and racial biases. Moreover, the AIGC generated by each LLM exhibits notable discrimination against females and individuals of the Black race. Among the LLMs, the AIGC generated by ChatGPT demonstrates the lowest level of bias, and ChatGPT is the sole model capable of declining content generation when provided with biased prompts.
Research on the precision forming cathode design method of electrochemical machining all-metal screw drill stator
Authors: Tang Lin , Wang Yi , Zhang Jingjing , Zhang Jun , Cao Tong , Deng Wen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In order to shorten the cathode design cycle, reduce design cost and improve forming accuracy for all-metal screw drill stator electrochemical machining (ECM), this paper proposed a precision forming cathode design method based on particle swarm optimization BP neural network (PSO-BP). The cathode design algorithm model of all-metal screw drill stator electrochemical machining was established, completed the three-side feed cathode design. By using self-developed large scale horizontal CNC electrochemical machining equipment, under the condition of voltage 19V, electrolyte 15%NaCl, electrolyte temperature 35 ± 1℃, electrolyte inlet pressure 1.6MPa, and feed speed 10mm/min, the stable and reliable electrochemical machining processing of the 4-meter length of 38CrMoAlA all-metal screw drill stator was completed. The contour forming accuracy is ± 0.03mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.848µm. Research showed that it is an efficient and feasible method to design the electrochemical machining three-side feed cathode of all-metal screw drill stator using particle swarm optimization BP neural network.
Harnessing MoO3/TiO2 Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Reduction of [Cu(dien)(1-MeIm)Cl]Cl Complex: Paving the Way for Blue LED Application
Authors: S. Pavalamalar , K. Komal Poojha M. , R. Silambarasan , Perisetti Uttej Siva Sai Sundar , K. Anbalagan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Over the past few decades, metal oxides have attracted significant research attention due to their wide-ranging applicability in nearly every field of study. In the present study, we focus on photochemical reactions promoted by using nanoscale MoO3, TiO2 and MoO3/TiO2 nanocomposite. The nanocomposite facilitated charge separation and elevated photo-destruction efficiency of [Cu(dien)(1-MeIm)Cl]Cl complex in a mixed solvent medium via an interlayer pathway. The synthesized complex and the nanomaterials were validated by various instrumental techniques. The lifetime of charge carriers (τ = 36 ns) is higher than bare materials proving its superior photo efficacy. Introduction of 40% acetonitrile (ACN:H2O) solvent gave a higher photoreduction rate constant for Cu(II) complex by MoO3/TiO2 (5.733 x 10-2 s-1) denoting the better photocatalytic nature of nanocomposite rather than the prepared bare nanomaterials. The findings from the study unambiguously reveal that even a small amount of surface incorporation significantly shifts the material for blue LED application. Thus, it paves the way for unleashing its diverse uses, comprehending its distinctive attributes and investigating its possibilities.
Physical-chemical analyzes and sensorial evaluation of vinegar developed from kombucha (Medusomyces gisevii)
Authors: de Miranda Adriano José , de Souza Rosângela Aparecida , Cardoso Flávia Aparecida Reitz , Oviedo Manuel Salvador Vicente Plata , Perdoncini Márcia Regina Ferreira Geraldo , Rigobello Eliane Sloboda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Kombucha is a fermented drink made from tea, usually green (Camellia sinensis), sugar, or honey, with the addition of a symbiotic colony of yeast and bacteria. Because it is a drink with nutritional properties and a high concentration of organic acids, mainly acetic acid, kombucha is promising for developing vinegar through its fermentation for several weeks or months. In this study, the fermentative potential of kombucha culture was evaluated, proposing the production of three fermented acids: green tea kombucha vinegar (FAKCV), hibiscus kombucha vinegar (FAKH) and kombucha vinegar with pineapple (FAKA). The kombucha was prepared from an infusion of tea leaves and a culture of bacteria and yeast (Scoby), 10% fermented kombucha (starter), and sweetened with 70 g/L of Apis Melifera bee honey. By exploring the production of acetic acid and the sugar transformation process, physicochemical analyzes of pH, total acidity, ºBRIX, reducing sugars, sucrose, ash, and alcohol were carried out. The average value of acidity in acetic acid on the 28th and 63rd day for the fermented FAKCV was equal to 0.96 and 1.38% (m/V); FAKH 2.16 and 2.11% (m/V) and FAKA 1.88 and 2.05% (m/V), respectively. The pH values on day 28 and day 63 for FAKCV was 2.71 and 1.95; FAKH: 2.59 and 2.02, and FAKA: 2.94 and 2.15, respectively. For the soluble solids on the 63rd day of fermentation, ºBrix filtered were for FAKCV: 4.50% (m/V), FAKH: 3.75% (m/V), and FAKA: 2% (m/V). The reducing sugar content gradually decreased, and sucrose remained practically zero during fermentation. Ashes were identified close to zero on the 63rd day. The alcohol content found at the end of the fermentation process was between 0.27% (m/V) and 0.28% (m/V) for the three samples of fermented kombucha acids. A statistical study has shown an inverse relationship between the amount of residual reducing sugars and acetic acid produced. In the sensory analysis, it can be stated that green tea kombucha vinegar showed greater acceptance of aroma and flavor and greater preference among the three. It was observed that it is possible to use Apis Mellifera honey instead of sucrose in the kombucha drink or vinegar product. Given the acidity and pH obtained in the samples and the acceptability of assessors, the products have the potential to be consumed in food instead of commercial vinegar.
Study on the dynamic relationship between China's economic growth and competitive sports development: Empirical analysis based on the VAR model
Authors: Li jiang , Pan xiaofei , li zengmin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Economy is an important basis of sports development, and China's economic growth plays an important role in the development of competitive sports. Based on the data variables of China's economic growth and competitive sports output from 1978 to 2019, a vector autoregression model (VAR) was constructed to study the dynamic relationship between China's economic growth and competitive sports development. The results show that there is a long-term stable relationship between China's economic growth and competitive sports development, the development of GDP, per capita GDP and the tertiary industry can promote in the short term, while the financial expenditure can not change the development of competitive sports in the short term; the response between the economic growth and long-term significant positive effect; the development of the tertiary industry has the most significant contribution to competitive sports, and the contribution continues to increase.
The discrete analogue of high-order differential operator and its application to finding coefficients of optimal quadrature formulas
Authors: Shadimetov Kh. M. , Davronov J. R. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The discrete analogue of the differential operator plays an important role in the construction of interpolation, quadrature and cubature formulas. In this work, we consider a discrete analogue $D_m(h\beta)$ of the differential operator $\frac{d^{2m}}{dx^{2m}}+1$ designed specifically for even natural numbers $m$. The effectiveness of this operator by constructing an optimal quadrature formula in the space $L_2^{(2,0)}(0,1)$ is shown. The errors of the optimal quadrature formula in $W_2^{(2,1)}(0,1)$ space and the optimal quadrature formula in $L_2^{(2,0)}(0,1)$ space are numerically compared. Numerical results showed that the error of the optimal quadrature formula what constructed in this work is smaller than the error of the quadrature formula constructed in $W_2^{(2,1)}(0,1)$ space.
MSC: 41A05, 41A15, 65D30, 65D32, 65M60, 65L60.
Whole Mitogenome Sequencing Uncovers a Relation Between Mitochondrial Heteroplasmy and Leprosy Severity
Authors: Souza Felipe Gouvea , Silva Moisés Batista , Araújo Gilderlanio S. , Silva Caio S. , Pinheiro Andrey Henrique Gama , Cáceres-Durán Miguel Ángel , Santana-da-Silva Mayara Natália , Pinto Pablo , Gobbo Angélica Rita , Costa Patrícia Fagundes , Salgado Claudio Guedes , Ribeiro-dos-Santos Ândrea , Cavalcante Giovanna C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent years, a mitochondria/immune system interaction has been proposed, so that variants of mitochondrial genome and levels of heteroplasmy might deregulate important metabolic processes in fighting infections, such as leprosy. We sequenced the whole mitochondrial genome to investigate variants and heteroplasmy levels, considering patients with different clinical forms of leprosy and household contacts.
Results
We found 116 variants in at least two of the subtypes of the case group (Borderline Tuberculoid, Borderline Lepromatous, Lepromatous), suggesting a possible clinical significance to these variants. Notably, 15 variants were exclusively found in these three clinical forms, of which five variants stands out for being missense (m.3791T > C in MT-ND1, m.5317C > A in MT-ND2, m.8545G > A in MT-ATP8, m.9044T > C in MT-ATP6 and m.15837T > C in MT-CYB). In addition, we found 26 variants shared only by leprosy poles, of which two are characterized as missense (m.4248T > C in MT-ND1 and m.8027G > A in MT-CO2).
Conclusion
We found a significant number of variants and heteroplasmy levels in the leprosy patients from our cohort, suggesting for the first time that the mitogenome might be involved with the leprosy process, distinction of clinical forms and severity. Thus, future studies are needed to help understand the genetic consequences of this variants.
Cypermethrin pesticide-induced effects in carp fish (Cirrhinus mrigala): acute and chronic toxicity
Authors: Ray Sunuram , Kundu Puja , Salauddin Md. , Kabir Md. Alamgir , Billah Md Masum , Bhuiyan Md Khurshid Alam , Rahman Sheikh Mustafizur , Sarower Md. Golam , Hazra Prema 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Pesticide pollution in aquatic ecosystems poses a prevalent and pressing concern, with a particular emphasis on developing nations. The effect of cypermethrin (CP), a synthetic type II pyrethroid pesticide, on phenotypic traits, enzyme activities, and biochemical nutrients in freshwater, mrigal fish (Cirrhinus mrigala) was investigated in this study. Fingerlings were exposed to CP concentrations of 0.0065, 0.013, and 0.026 ppm to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50) for 32 hours and subsequently, three sub-lethal concentrations of 0.0026 ppm, 0.0013 ppm, and 0.00065 ppm were employed to analyze the chronic toxicity stress for 6 weeks. Fish fingerlings tolerated well at lower concentrations (0.0065 ppm) of CP over exposure times, while 50% mortality occurred at 0.13 ppm and 0.026 ppm after 32 hours and 4 hours of exposure, respectively. In the present investigation, growth and eye diameter showed marked differences among treatments, while remaining, total length (TL), standard length (SL), head length (HL), tail length, head width (HW), body depth (BD), body area (BA) and dressing percentage (DP) were found similar among treatments. This study revealed that the amylase and protease activities decreased significantly at increasing concentrations of CP. On the other hand, biochemical nutrients (protein, lipid, moisture, and ash) among the treatments were similar. This study proves that short-time exposure to CP has a negative impact on fish growth and enzymatic activities, however, further studies, such as metabolomic approaches are required to fully explore the effect of CP during sub-lethal exposures.