bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the mind–body intervention on depression in people with cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Song Dongpo , Liu Ying , Zhang Shuang , Fang Shuyan , Sun Juanjuan , Zhu Xiangning , Dong Yueyang , He Meng , Sun Jiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess the effect of the mind–body intervention on depression in people with cognitive impairment.MethodsFive databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO) were systematically searched, the Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used for quality assessment, and subgroup analyses were performed according to participant types, intervention types, and duration of interventions.FindingsA total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included, two of which were unable to obtain complete data and one had high heterogeneity. The overall meta‐analysis of 13 articles showed that the mind–body intervention was not effective in promoting depression in individuals with cognitive impairment (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) [−0.27, 0.11]; p = 0.419; I2 = 52.4%, 13 studies, 1406 participants) compared with the control group. Subgroup analysis showed that depression was significantly improved in the dementia subgroup after the mind–body intervention compared to the control group (SMD = −0.31; 95% CI [−0.57, −0.05]; p = 0.021. I2 = 29.2%, six studies, 399 participants), while no significant changes were observed in the mild cognitive impairment subgroup. Among different intervention types and durations, no intervention was found to have a significant positive effect on depression.ConclusionThe mind–body intervention is an effective intervention for improving depression in people with dementia, but its effect is not significant in individuals with overall cognitive impairment. Follow‐up high‐quality studies are needed to further verify the effects of different mind–body interventions on depression in people with different severities of cognitive impairment.Implications for Nursing Practice: By proving the effectiveness of the mind–body intervention in improving depression in people with dementia, it will provide evidence for the further development and improvement of the mode and content of the mind–body intervention and increase the attention and support of the healthcare system and society for the mind–body intervention.
Australian medical practitioners' perspectives about current practice relating to fitness to drive assessment for older people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment: A qualitative study
Authors: Spargo Claire , Laver Kate , Berndt Angela , Adey‐Wakeling Zoe , George Stacey 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the perspectives of Australian medical practitioners about current practice, and the potential benefit of tools and resources to support fitness to drive assessment for older people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 22 medical practitioners from cognitive/memory clinics, hospitals, general practice and driving fitness assessment services in Australia. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted.ResultsTwo overarching themes were generated: (1) Uncomfortable decisions, describing feelings of discomfort expressed by practitioners about making fitness to drive recommendations, with two subthemes: (a) ‘Feeling uncertain’ and (b) ‘Sticking your neck on the line’; and (2) Easing the discomfort, describing participants' desire for tools/resources to support practitioners to increase comfort with fitness to drive recommendations, with two subthemes: (a) ‘Seeking certainty’ and (b) ‘Focusing on the process’ conveying two different perspectives about how this may be achieved. There was a desire for a new in‐office assessment tool capable of accurately predicting fitness to drive outcomes and views that an evidence‐based clinical pathway could improve practitioners' confidence in decision‐making.ConclusionsPerceptions of discomfort relating to fitness to drive assessment of older people with dementia and MCI exist amongst medical practitioners from health‐care settings across Australia. In the absence of a well‐validated in‐office assessment tool, practitioners may benefit from an evidence‐based clinical pathway to guide driving recommendations.
Effect of cognitive training on cognitive function in community‐dwelling older people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia: A single‐blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chantanachai Thanwarat , Sturnieks Daina L. , Lord Stephen R. , Close Jacqueline C. T. , Kurrle Susan E. , Delbaere Kim , Payne Narelle , Savage Roslyn , Taylor Morag E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this assessor‐blinded, randomised controlled trial was to determine the effect of computerised cognitive training (CT) on executive function, processing speed and working memory in 61 people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia.MethodsThe primary outcomes were forward Digit Span and Trail Making Tests (TMT) at the completion of the 6‐month intervention. Secondary outcomes included cognitive and physical performance, rate of falls, participant and caregiver's quality of life and usability and adherence to the CT program. The study was registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12617000364370).ResultsIntervention group (n = 31) participants averaged 81 min of CT per week, and system usability scores were acceptable (participants: 68.8 ± 22.1; caregivers: 79.4 ± 23.5). There were no statistically significant differences in cognitive or physical performance outcomes between the intervention and control groups at 6‐ or 12‐months (between‐group differences [95% CI] for primary outcomes at 6‐months: Forward Digit Span −0.3 [−0.8, 0.3]; TMT‐A 2.7 s [−14.1, 19.5]; TMT‐B −17.1 s [−79.3, 45.2]). At the 12‐month follow‐up reassessment, the intervention group reported significantly more depressive symptoms and had lower caregiver‐rated participant quality of life and higher caregiver quality of life compared to control.ConclusionsThis study showed no benefit of the CT program on working memory, processing speed and executive function. Future studies are required to better understand how CT can be used to improve cognitive and physical functioning in older people with mild–moderate dementia.
Realized impact of COVID‐19 related disruptions on the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Irwin Matthew P. , Dutta Trisha , Jambor Maxwell A. , Morgan Matthew J. , Turner Catherine E. , Liang Yicong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer mortality in Australia (1). The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) aims to reduce mortality through early detection with a biennial faecal occult blood test for Australians aged 50–74 years (2). Modelling predicted COVID‐19 would reduce participation and delay colonoscopies despite the NBCSP continuing during the pandemic (3). This study analyses the realized impact of COVID‐19 related disruptions on the NBCSP and the effect on mortality.MethodsNBCSP participation, time to colonoscopy and annualized mortality were compared before and during COVID‐19. The effect on mortality was determined using a validated microsimulation model (4, 5).ResultsFrom 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019, 2 497 317 people participated in the NBCSP and 168 390 received a colonoscopy, compared to 2 490 265 and 162 573 from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. Relative participation decreased 6 % and the proportion of colonoscopies performed within the recommended 120 days increased 14.5%. A disproportionally greater impact was observed outside major cities and in lower socioeconomic areas. An estimated 98–111 additional colorectal cancer deaths resulted from 3 % fewer colonoscopies performed during the pandemic.ConclusionThis study presents the most comprehensive analysis of the realized impact of COVID‐19 on the NBCSP. Catch‐up screening would be best targeted at Australians from rural and lower socioeconomic areas where participation remains low. Streamlined referral pathways and additional colonoscopy provisioning is required as less than two thirds of screen positive patients receive a colonoscopy within the recommended 120 days.
Accessory cavitated uterine malformation (ACUM): A scoping review
Authors: Timmerman Stefan , Stubbe Lauren , Van den Bosch Thierry , Van Schoubroeck Dominique , Tellum Tina , Froyman Wouter 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionAccessory cavitated uterine malformation (ACUM) is a relatively recent term used to describe a noncommunicating, accessory uterine cavity. ACUM have been published under different terms ranging from juvenile cystic adenomyosis to “uterus‐like mass”. The objective of this study was to systematically identify all cases of ACUM and definitions described in the literature, regardless of label, and identify morphological, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics as well as management, while also highlighting knowledge gaps.Material and methodsA systematic literature search of three databases was performed, reviewing all records of cystic myometrial lesions. Cases that fitted common definitions for ACUM were included and clinical and imaging characteristics were documented in detail. This work was registered to PROSPERO and reporting followed PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews.ResultsA total of 53 articles were included, comprising 115 cases that met the minimal criteria for ACUM. The median age at onset of symptoms was 17 years, presenting with dysmenorrhea soon after menarche. A total of 19 women were parous. On ultrasound, ACUM appears as unilocular myometrial cysts, usually with ground‐glass content. Hemorrhagic content is also observed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with high signal intensity on both T2 and T1‐weighted images. Ninety‐five (83%) cases were managed surgically, with a trend towards primary nonsurgical options. Although no adverse outcomes were reported, long‐term follow‐up on subsequent fertility and pregnancy was rare.ConclusionsDespite its increasing recognition as a clinical entity, ACUM often remains underdiagnosed as it shares similarities with other myometrial masses. We propose a unified terminology and definition for ACUM based on the data in this review. ACUM presents as a cavitated lesion, surrounded by a myometrial mantle, in continuity with the anterolateral uterine wall and located beneath the insertion of the round ligament and the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube. In contrast to other uterine abnormalities, a normal uterine cavity is visualized. Future studies are needed, using a clear definition for ACUM, and prospectively investigating management strategies, including long‐term follow‐up of patient‐reported symptoms, fertility, and pregnancy outcomes.
A hemizygous loss‐of‐function variant in BCORL1 is associated with male infertility and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia
Authors: Luo Chen , Chen Zixu , Meng Lanlan , Tan Chen , He Wenbin , Tu Chaofeng , Du Juan , Lu Guang‐Xiu , Lin Ge , Tan Yue‐Qiu , Hu Tong‐Yao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) is a common type of male infertility; however, its genetic causes remain largely unknown. Some of the genetic determinants of OAT are gene defects affecting spermatogenesis. BCORL1 (BCL6 corepressor like 1) is a transcriptional corepressor that exhibits the OAT phenotype in a knockout mouse model. A hemizygous missense variant of BCORL1 (c.2615T > G:p.Val872Gly) was reported in an infertile male patient with non‐obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Nevertheless, the correlation between BCORL1 variants and OAT in humans remains unknown. In this study, we used whole‐exome sequencing to identify a novel hemizygous nonsense variant of BCORL1 (c.1564G > T:p.Glu522*) in a male patient with OAT from a Han Chinese family. Functional analysis showed that the variant produced a truncated protein with altered cellular localization and a dysfunctional interaction with SKP1 (S‐phase kinase‐associated protein 1). Further population screening identified four BCORL1 missense variants in subjects with both OAT (1 of 325, 0.31%) and NOA (4 of 355, 1.13%), but no pathogenic BCORL1 variants among 362 fertile subjects. In conclusion, our findings indicate that BCORL1 is a potential candidate gene in the pathogenesis of OAT and NOA, expanded its disease spectrum and suggested that BCORL1 may play a role in spermatogenesis by interacting with SKP1.
Long‐term value versus short‐term profits: When do index funds recall loaned shares for voting?
Authors: Luo Haoyi (Leslie) , Xu Zijin (Vivian) 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResearch Question/IssueIn this paper, we examine the effects of share lending or recall on proxy voting, with a particular focus on the role of index funds.Research Findings/InsightsOur study reveals that higher index ownership in a firm is associated with an increased likelihood of share recall, particularly in the presence of higher institutional ownership, lower past return performance, smaller firm size, and when more shares are held by younger fund families with higher turnover ratios or higher management fees. Using the Russell 1000/2000 Index reconstitution as an exogenous shock, we establish a causal relationship between index ownership and share recall through instrumental variable (IV) analysis. Furthermore, we find a positive correlation between index ownership and share recall for proxy voting proposals related to compensation, director election, and those sponsored by management. In subsequent proxy votes, shareholder‐sponsored proposals and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) proposals receive more support in firms with higher index ownership, especially when share recall is more prevalent. Our analysis does not provide evidence to support the conjecture that firms with higher index ownership are more vulnerable to empty voting issues.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsOur study enhances the understanding of how index funds recall shares during proxy voting and the impact of index ownership on voting outcomes. The findings support the practice of index funds recalling shares to actively engage in proxy voting, effectively addressing the conflict between short‐term profit‐seeking through securities lending and long‐term governance responsibilities.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsWe contribute to a better understanding of the role of index funds in corporate governance and shed light on the consequences of securities lending in proxy votes. These findings have important implications for investors, policymakers, and market participants in managing the potential conflicts arising from securities lending activities and promoting effective corporate governance practices.
Bobath Klinik Gerekçelendirme Çerçevesi: Serebral palsi dahil nörogelişimsel durumların karmaşıklığında sistemler bilimi yaklaşımı
Authors: Mayston Margaret J. , Saloojee Gillian M. , Foley Sarah E. 
Published: February 2024

ÖzetBobath Klinik Gerekçelendirme Çerçevesi (BKGÇ) içerisindeki önerilen güncel gelişimsel Bobath uygulaması sistemler bilimi merceği kullanılarak kavramsallaştırılabilir ve bunu çocukluk çağı engelliliği ile ilişkilendirilen değişkenlerin birbirine bağlılığı ve etkileşimine bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla sağlar. BKGÇ, İşlevsellik, Yetiyitimi ve Sağlığın Uluslararası Sınıflandırması (ICF)’nın alt boyutları arasındaki ilişkiyi ve bu alt boyutların birbirini nasıl etkilediğini anlamak için uygulanabilen derinlemesine bir klinik gerekçelendirme çerçevesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. BKGÇ, bir tedavi planı ile sonuçlanan klinik gerekçelendirme ve transdisipliner gözlemsel bir sistemdir. Bu sistem ise, serebral palsi (SP) gibi bozuklukların karmaşıklığını anlamak için bütüncül bir anlayış sunar ve nörolojik bozukluğu olan bireylerin yaşam boyu tedavisi ve rehabilitasyonu için temel oluşturur. BKGÇ tarafından kullanılan klinik gerekçelendirme, başta aile birimi olmak üzere bireyin ve sosyal çevresinin önemli bağlamsal faktörlerine dayanmaktadır. Tipik ve atipik gelişim, patofizyoloji (sensorimotor, bilişsel, davranışsal) ve sinirbilim arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkilerin ve bu vücut yapı ve fonksiyonlarının aktivite ve katılım üzerindeki etkisinin anlaşılmasına dayanır. BKGÇ'nin ayrılmaz bir parçası olan sistemler bilimi modeli, SP'nin karmaşıklığını anlamak ve buna yanıt vermek için yararlı bir yoldur; kapsayıcı hedef, herhangi bir bağlamda herhangi bir bireyin yaşadığı deneyimi optimize etmektir.
Stereo‐EEG–based ictal functional connectivity in patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia–related epilepsy
Authors: Zanello Marc , Garnier Elodie , Carron Romain , Jegou Aude , Lagarde Stanislas , Makhalova Julia , Medina Samuel , Bénar Christian‐G. , Bartolomei Fabrice , Pizzo Francesca 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNodular heterotopia (NH)–related drug‐resistant epilepsy is challenging due to the deep location of the NH and the complexity of the underlying epileptogenic network. Using ictal stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG) and functional connectivity (FC) analyses in 14 patients with NH‐related drug‐resistant epilepsy, we aimed to determine the leading structure during seizures. For this purpose, we compared node IN and OUT strength between bipolar channels inside the heterotopia and inside gray matter, at the group level and at the individual level. At seizure onset, the channels within NH belonging to the epileptogenic and/or propagation network showed higher node OUT‐strength than the channels within the gray matter (p = .03), with higher node OUT‐strength than node IN‐strength (p = .03). These results are in favor of a “leading” role of NH during seizure onset when involved in the epileptogenic‐ or propagation‐zone network (50% of patients). However, when looking at the individual level, no significant difference between NH and gray matter was found, except for one patient (in two of three seizures). This result confirms the heterogeneity and the complexity of the epileptogenic network organization in NH and the need for SEEG exploration to characterize more precisely patient‐specific epileptogenic network organization.
Comparison of agranulocytosis and anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis caused by two antithyroid drugs: A pharmacovigilance study using the WHO international database
Authors: Han Ji Yun , Lee Jun Myong , Jung Se Yong , Kim Min Seo , Lee Seung Won , Kronbichler Andreas , Tizaoui Kalthoum , Koyanagi Ai , Kim Eun Young , Song Kyungchul , Chae Hyun Wook , Yon Dong Keon , Shin Jae Il , Smith Lee 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMethimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU) are commonly used for patients with thyrotoxicosis. Agranulocytosis and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis (AAV) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, requiring appropriate interventions. In this study, we compared adverse drug effects associated with MMI and PTU using a real‐world large pharmacovigilance database.MethodsWe searched all Individual Case Safety Reports reported to be associated with MMI and PTU, from VigiBase between 1967 and June 2, 2021. We conducted disproportionality analysis (case/non‐case analysis) to analyze the difference in reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) between antithyroid drugs (case) and the entire database (non‐cases). We further analyzed information for the cases of agranulocytosis and AAV.ResultsAmong 11 632 cases of ADRs reported after MMI intake, agranulocytosis occurred in 1633 cases and AAV occurred in 41 cases. For 5055 cases of ADRs reported after PTU intake, agranulocytosis occurred in 459 cases and AAV occurred in 110 cases. Agranulocytosis occurred after a median of 28 days after PTU intake and 33 days after MMI intake. More than 95% of the agranulocytosis cases were classified as serious, but most of them (65.1% for PTU and 70.4% for MMI) were reported to have recovered after dechallenge actions; mostly drug withdrawal. AAV occurred after a median of 668 days after PTU intake, and 1162 days after MMI intake.ConclusionsThis is a pharmacoepidemiological study investigating agranulocytosis and AAV caused by MMI and PTU. Through this research, we could provide more specific insights into a safe prescription of antithyroid drugs in a real‐world setting.
Trajectories and tipping points of piñon–juniper woodlands after fire and thinning
Authors: Phillips Michala L. , Lauria Cara , Spector Tova , Bradford John B. , Gehring Catherine , Osborne Brooke B. , Howell Armin , Grote Edmund E. , Rondeau Renee J. , Trimber Gillian M. , Robinson Benjamin , Reed Sasha C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPiñon–juniper (PJ) woodlands are a dominant community type across the Intermountain West, comprising over a million acres and experiencing critical effects from increasing wildfire. Large PJ mortality and regeneration failure after catastrophic wildfire have elevated concerns about the long‐term viability of PJ woodlands. Thinning is increasingly used to safeguard forests from fire and in an attempt to increase climate resilience. We have only a limited understanding of how fire and thinning will affect the structure and function of PJ ecosystems. Here, we examined vegetation structure, microclimate conditions, and PJ regeneration dynamics following ~20 years post‐fire and thinning treatments. We found that burned areas had undergone a state shift that did not show signs of returning to their previous state. This shift was characterized by (1) distinct plant community composition dominated by grasses; (2) a lack of PJ recruitment; (3) a decrease in the sizes of interspaces in between plants; (4) lower abundance of late successional biological soil crusts; (5) lower mean and minimum daily soil moisture values; (6) lower minimum daily vapor pressure deficit; and (7) higher photosynthetically active radiation. Thinning created distinct plant communities and served as an intermediate between intact and burned communities. More intensive thinning decreased PJ recruitment and late successional biocrust cover. Our results indicate that fire has the potential to create drier and more stressful microsite conditions, and that, in the absence of active management following fire, there may be shifts to persistent ecological states dominated by grasses. Additionally, more intensive thinning had a larger impact on community structure and recruitment than less intensive thinning, suggesting that careful consideration of goals could help avoid unintended consequences. While our results indicate the vulnerability of PJ ecosystems to fire, they also highlight management actions that could be adapted to create conditions that promote PJ re‐establishment.
Starting from Lagos: International schooling and the diverse transnational status‐making projects of ‘Middling’ and ‘Elite’ Nigerians
Authors: Cheung Judge Ruth 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the diverse Lagos international school sector as an arena in which Nigerian families are attempting to (re)produce status and good lives that work transnationally. ‘Elite’ international schools focus on securing entry into Anglo‐American universities and distinguish themselves via discourses of ‘modern Britishness’, yet also emphasize the special value of schooling in Nigeria and seek to reproduce circulatory lives. There is also a competitive landscape of ‘mid‐range’ international schools that do not simply serve ‘aspirant locals’ but have broad international horizons and are central to transnational family strategies. Lagos schools across the spectrum receive students ‘sent’ from the diaspora, demonstrating they are valued stations in the transnational social field to protect as well as accumulate. The paper contributes to understanding international schools in the ‘global South’ not simply as a backstage to Anglo‐American centres but as offering unique resources for families navigating hierarchies at home and abroad.