bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is immediate dentin sealing a mandatory or optional clinical step for indirect restorations?
Authors: Portella Fernando Freitas , Müller Raquel , Zimmer Roberto , Reston Eduardo Galia , Arossi Guilherme Anziliero 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe use of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) following tooth preparation for indirect restorations is well‐supported by laboratory studies. The inclusion of IDS as a mandatory clinical step, it must be firmly supported by evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCT). The objective of this study is to assess whether IDS should be added as a mandatory procedure in all indirect restorations, taking into consideration clinically significant outcomes for the patient, such as restoration longevity and hypersensitivity.Materials and MethodsA bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed. In addition, a manual search was conducted in the references of literature reviews.ResultsData from four RCT were included. Two studies assessed preparations for full crowns, and two assessed preparations for partial restorations. Data from full crown preparations were subjected to a meta‐analysis, revealing a reduction in hypersensitivity incidence in the IDS group 1 week after restoration cementation. With respect to hypersensitivity, IDS seems to offer advantages exclusively during the provisional phase and up to 1 week following the cementation of the final restoration. One study has shown no difference on longevity.ConclusionThe use of IDS should be considered as an elective clinical step during the rehabilitation with indirect restorations.Clinical SignificanceIDS is an elective clinical step that should be considered in patients and preparations with a higher risk of sensitivity between appointments.
Early ontogeny of the freshwater fish Rhytiodus microlepis (Characiformes, Anostomidae) from the Amazon basin
Authors: Santos Darliane C. , Oliveira Lucas S. , Silva Fabíola K. S. , Cajado Ruineris A. , Zacardi Diego M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe early development of the freshwater fish Rhytiodus microlepis is characterized by the description of external morphological, meristic, and morphometric changes, as well as the growth patterns, thereby establishing a reference for the identification of its larvae and juveniles. Specimens were collected from the Amazon river channel and floodplain. Ninety‐seven individuals were analysed with standard length varying between 4.31 and 79.23 mm. Rhytiodus microlepis larvae are altricial, with an elongated and fusiform body, anal opening reaching the middle region of the body, and simple nostrils becoming double and tubular during development. The pigments vary from one to two chromatophores in the dorsal region of the head in pre‐flexion and flexion, but later the pigmentation pattern intensifies, transverse bands appear along the body, and a conspicuous spot appears in the basal region of the caudal fin. The total number of myomeres ranges from 49 to 50. During the transition from larval (post‐flexion) to the juvenile periods, the most significant anatomical changes occur, such as the presence of all fins and increased body pigmentation. Integrated myomere count and pigmentation pattern are effective for the correct identification of the initial life stages of R. microlepis from the Amazon basin. Our results expand the knowledge about the early life history of Neotropical freshwater fish species.
Effect of multi‐pin (open air) atmospheric plasma on the rheological characteristics of locust bean gum
Authors: Jaddu Samuel , Abdullah S. , Sonkar Shivani , Dwivedi Madhuresh , Seth Dibyakanta , Goksen Gulden , Sarangi Prakash Kumar , Pradhan Rama Chandra 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of atmospheric cold plasma on locust bean gum (LBG) rheology using a multi‐pin configuration. LBG undergoes plasma treatment at 30 kV for durations of 10, 20, and 30 min. Evaluation of color attributes and total color difference revealed enhancements in LBG post‐plasma treatment. The linear viscoelastic region, determined at a 0.5% strain, demonstrated improved storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) concerning frequency compared to the control. Additionally, viscosity and shear stress displayed an inverse relationship with increasing shear rate, indicating the pseudoplastic nature of LBG samples. Consistent trends in G′ and G″ values of treated LBG were observed across three temperature stages, except for the 30 kV and 10 min. Infrared spectra analysis of plasma‐treated LBG samples indicated the preservation of most polysaccharide groups, with no significant peak alterations. Overall, cold plasma treatment modifies LBG rheology, making it suitable for diverse food applications.
Theory‐based obesity intervention program for women: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Göger Seda , Çevirme Ayşe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsTo determine the effect of the education and counseling intervention given to overweight and obese women according to the theory of planned behavior on their health behaviors.MethodsThe study consisted of 78 overweight and obese women in total, between the ages of 18–49. While the women in the intervention group were given a 6‐month training program and 6‐month counseling service structured according to the theory of planned behavior, the women in the control group were given standard obesity training and were put on hold for 6 months.ResultsThere was a decrease in the post‐test anthropometric measurement values of the intervention group compared to the pretest. While there was no statistically significant change in the activity status of the control group over time, the inactivity rate of the intervention group decreased; however, the minimal activity rate increased over time. The post‐test healthy life style behaviors scale II health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, stress management and total scores of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were significant.ConclusionIt has been determined that the education and counseling services applied to overweight and obese women based on the theory of planned behavior are effective in gaining positive health behaviors.
‘A great many of them die’: Sugar, race and cheapness in colonial Queensland
Authors: Ryan Matthew D. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe frontier of colonial Queensland was pushed northward through the second half of the 19th century by proliferating sugar plantations. The cultivation of sugar cane for these plantations rested predominantly on the shoulders of unfree, racialized Pacific Islander workers. This history reveals dialectics of cheap lives and land, as nature was produced for exchange at the commodity frontier, unfolding in crises of disease, death and exhaustion. In exploring the story of this frontier, an opportunity emerges to begin a conversation between a recent return to materialism within Australian historiography and the traditions of eco‐Marxism and Black radicalism. The contention here is that this engagement represents both ‘urgent history’ and ‘truth‐telling’, as plantation socioecologies of cheapness continue to (re)produce the crises of the racial Capitalocene.
Delivering Medicaid Mental Health Services and Supports in Schools: Current Landscape and Opportunities to Expand
Authors: Ilakkuvan Vinu , De Biasi Anne 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDMedicaid is a key policy lever for expanding access to mental health services and supports for children in schools, especially low‐income and minority children. This study examines how Medicaid finances mental health promotion and prevention (tier 1), screening and selected interventions (tier 2), and treatment (tier 3) in schools, informing policy recommendations to expand school mental health.METHODSSeventeen key informant interviews were conducted virtually from March to October 2022 with research, practice, and policy leaders in school mental health and Medicaid. Interview transcripts were thematically coded to inform recommendations.RESULTSInterview themes included that Medicaid is a key funder of mental health services, primarily in tier 3, and that braiding and blending funds is necessary to support services across all tiers in schools. Interviewees underscored the need to expand tier 2 in schools, to expand and diversify the behavioral health workforce (including via non‐licensed providers, aligning school‐employed provider licensure and billing requirements and building school‐community referral relationships), strengthen teaming structures (including state children's cabinets, student case management, and education/Medicaid agency coordination), and leverage technical assistance and training to speed up adoption of new policies (including via guidance and templates that facilitate billing for school health services).CONCLUSIONSPolicymakers, practitioners, and advocates can use these findings to identify policies and strategies to expand school mental health and reduce inequities.
Firearm exposure and safety training of rural Iowa youth
Authors: Koopman Jamie L. , Wymore Cole C. , Stange Nicholas R. , Wetjen Kristel M. , Hoogerwerf Pamela J. , Liao Junlin , Wood Kelly E. , Denning Gerene M. , Jennissen Charles A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeOur objective was to investigate rural adolescents’ use of firearms and whether they had received firearm training.Methods2019 Iowa FFA Leadership Conference attendees were surveyed. Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed.ResultsOne thousand three hundred and eighty‐two FFA members aged 13‐18 years participated. The vast majority (85%) had fired a rifle/shotgun; 58% reported firing them >20 times. Of those who had fired rifles/shotguns, 32% had done so before 9 years old; 79% before 13 years. Most had also fired a handgun (62%), with 30% having fired handguns >20 times. Of those who had fired handguns, 34% had done so before 11 years old. The average age for first firing rifles/shotguns was 10.1 (SD 2.9) years, and 11.9 (SD 2.8) years for handguns. Males, older teenagers, and those living on farms or in the country had significantly greater percentages that had fired a rifle/shotgun or a handgun. Greater proportions of males had used firearms >20 times and started firing them at younger ages. Over half (55%) reported having gone hunting. Of those, 24% first hunted before 9 years old; 48% before 11 years. Of those who had used a firearm, 61% had completed a firearm safety training course. For hunters, 80% had taken a course.ConclusionsMost participants had used firearms, and many did so at very young ages. Substantial numbers had not received formal training. The authors believe that families should be counseled when it is developmentally appropriate to introduce youth to firearms, and all should take firearm safety training before using them.
Effect of a cyclonic eddy on phytoplankton: A bioassay experiment
Authors: Mikaelyan Alexander S. , Lifanchuk Anna V. , Mosharov Sergey A. , Fedorov Alexey V. , Mosharova Irina V. , Ocherednik Oksana A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCyclonic eddies often increase the primary productivity of marine ecosystems. However, the study of their influence on the taxonomic structure and productivity of plankton is complex due to the short‐term and mesoscale nature of the action of eddies. In a laboratory bioassay experiment, we simulated two mechanisms of eddy's effect on the deep phytoplankton maximum: an increase in the upward flow of deep nutrients and illumination. Doubling of nutrient additions compared to control increased chlorophyll's specific growth rate (SGR) 1.7‐fold over 12 days while doubling the light intensity increased SGR by 3.5 times. During the first 4 days of the experiment, at the exponential growth stage, SGR of carbon biomass was maximum with the simultaneous doubling of nutrients and light (0.44 day−1). It was statistically significantly higher than at increased nutrients but not light. These results suggest that nutrient deficiencies were less crucial for phytoplankton growth than light. The increase in the phytoplankton biomass was mainly due to the growth of a large‐celled diatom Pseudosolenia calcar‐avis. It showed the highest SGR (1.15–1.28 day−1) at increased nutrients and/or light, resulting in high wet biomass of 2–3 g m−3 over 4 days. The ecological meaning of the obtained results is as follows. First, in the eddy, where the deep phytoplankton maximum is located close to the nutricline, its rise to more illuminated layers results in higher phytoplankton growth than the shortening distance to the nutricline. Second, increases in the upward flow of nutrients and light intensity, separate or simultaneous, stimulate the rapid reproduction of large‐celled diatoms that increase the carbon‐to‐chlorophyll ratio by 2–4 times. Third, exposure to a typical Black Sea mesoscale cyclonic eddy can lead to phytoplankton blooms in the thermocline within a few days.
The regulatory network comprising ArcAB‐RpoS‐RssB influences motility in Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Wölflingseder Martina , Fengler Vera H. , Standhartinger Verena , Wagner Gabriel E. , Reidl Joachim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the versatile and responsive bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which is capable of adapting to environmental changes. Among others, the alternative sigma factor RpoS activates response pathways, including regulation of motility‐ and chemotaxis‐related genes under nutrient‐poor conditions in V. cholerae. Although RpoS has been well characterised, links between RpoS and other regulatory networks remain unclear. In this study, we identified the ArcAB two‐component system to control rpoS transcription and RpoS protein stability in V. cholerae. In a manner similar to that seen in Escherichia coli, the ArcB kinase not only activates the response regulator ArcA but also RssB, the anti‐sigma factor of RpoS. Our results demonstrated that, in V. cholerae, RssB is phosphorylated by ArcB, which subsequently activates RpoS proteolysis. Furthermore, ArcA acts as a repressor of rpoS transcription. Additionally, we determined that the cysteine residue at position 180 of ArcB is crucial for signal recognition and activity. Thus, our findings provide evidence linking RpoS response to the anoxic redox control system ArcAB in V. cholerae.
Living on This Earth as in Heaven: Time and the Ecological Conversion of Eschatology
Authors: Gjermundsen Gunnar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEschatological and apocalyptic patterns of thought are today prominent in environmental discourse, across multiple disciplines and media. Yet some theologians criticise these thought patterns for their role in perpetuating and even causing the environmental degradation we now witness. This article argues that the construal of salvation and the Kingdom as a future state is rooted in a misinterpretation of the Gospel, and that this error led secularised Western modernity into its endemic preoccupation with progress, acceleration, and futural, secular utopias. Reading Maximus the Confessor, an alternative view of eschatology emerges, according to which eschaton and theosis constitute one and the same event in the life of the soul, and the advent of the Kingdom is considered inseparable from the soul's transformed perception of reality as she undergoes deification. If the Kingdom resides as a potentiality within the now of all times, accessible through the metanoetic transformation of consciousness, such realisation may lead to a more ecological way of living on the Earth: one less preoccupied with the future and individual survival, and more attuned to the cyclical nature of the cosmos and time, which became displaced by Christianity's and modernity's focus on historical and linear time.
Sarcopenia and risk factors among Japanese community‐dwelling older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ogawa Natsuka , Yun Shan , Izutsu Miku , Yuki Michiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic exposed older adults to high risk of sarcopenia. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and its risk factors among Japanese community‐dwelling older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We collected data through questionnaires and physical measurements among 242 older adults. Sarcopenia was assessed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. The results revealed that 14.5% had sarcopenia, which was significantly associated with age, nutritional status, number of prescription medications, body mass index, and self‐rated health. On multivariate analysis, the risk of malnutrition was independently significantly associated with sarcopenia. Approximately 70% of participants reported decreased social interaction and going outside, but with no significant association with sarcopenia. In addition, approximately 65% of the participants had an exercise habit and went outside at least once a week, thus maintaining a good level of activity. These findings suggest that prevention of sarcopenia during the pandemic required provision of opportunities for older adults to remain active and positive assessment of nutritional status and well‐being.
Highway to the danger zone? A cautionary account that GLP‐1 receptor agonists may be too effective for unmonitored weight loss
Authors: Richards Jesse R. , Khalsa Sahib S. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryGlucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists are revolutionizing obesity and type 2 diabetes treatment, delivering remarkable weight loss outcomes. These medications, leveraging the effects of the insulin‐regulating hormone GLP‐1 via actions on peripheral and central nervous system targets, have raised hopes with their bariatric surgery‐rivaling results. However, questions remain about their long‐term safety and efficacy. Drawing from our expertise in obesity medicine and psychiatry, we reflect upon our experiences with the clinical use of these medications and delve into the nuanced challenges and risks they pose, particularly for those prone to disordered eating or those diagnosed with rare genetic diseases of obesity. We contend that effectively managing weight loss within this “danger zone” necessitates (1) proactive screening and continuous monitoring for disordered eating, (2) vigilant monitoring for appetite‐related maladaptive responses, including food aversion and dehydration, and (3) ongoing assessment for broader health impacts. A multifaceted, interdisciplinary approach that melds medical, psychological, dietary, and behavioral strategies is crucial to delivering tailored and thorough care to each patient.
Accuracy of artificial intelligence‐assisted growth prediction in skeletal Class I preadolescent patients using serial lateral cephalograms for a 2‐year growth interval
Authors: Larkin A. , Kim J.‐S. , Kim N. , Baek S.‐H. , Yamada S. , Park K. , Tai K. , Yanagi Y. , Park J. H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the accuracy of artificial intelligence‐assisted growth prediction using a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm and longitudinal lateral cephalograms (Lat‐cephs).Materials and MethodsA total of 198 Japanese preadolescent children, who had skeletal Class I malocclusion and whose Lat‐cephs were available at age 8 years (T0) and 10 years (T1), were allocated into the training, validation, and test phases (n = 161, n = 17, n = 20). Orthodontists and the CNN model identified 28 hard‐tissue landmarks (HTL) and 19 soft‐tissue landmarks (STL). The mean prediction error values were defined as ‘excellent,’ ‘very good,’ ‘good,’ ‘acceptable,’ and ‘unsatisfactory’ (criteria: 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2.0 mm, respectively). The degree of accurate prediction percentage (APP) was defined as ‘very high,’ ‘high,’ ‘medium,’ and ‘low’ (criteria: 90%, 70%, and 50%, respectively) according to the percentage of subjects that showed the error range within 1.5 mm.ResultsAll HTLs showed acceptable‐to‐excellent mean PE values, while the STLs Pog’, Gn’, and Me’ showed unsatisfactory values, and the rest showed good‐to‐acceptable values. Regarding the degree of APP, HTLs Ba, ramus posterior, Pm, Pog, B‐point, Me, and mandibular first molar root apex exhibited low APPs. The STLs labrale superius, lower embrasure, lower lip, point of lower profile, B′, Pog,’ Gn’ and Me’ also exhibited low APPs. The remainder of HTLs and STLs showed medium‐to‐very high APPs.ConclusionDespite the possibility of using the CNN model to predict growth, further studies are needed to improve the prediction accuracy in HTLs and STLs of the chin area.
Comparison of the efficiency of initial dental alignment with Invisalign® aligners changed every 7 or 14 days in mature adults: Randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fialho Tiago , de Freitas Karina Maria Salvatore , Ohira Eduardo Terumi Blatt , de Souza José Eduardo Prado , de Oliveira Renata Cristina Gobbi , de Oliveira Ricardo César Gobbi , Valarelli Fabrício Pinelli , Pinzan‐Vercelino Célia Regina Maio , Cotrin Paula 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the anterior crowding correction after sequential use of the first 5 aligners between two aligner exchange protocols (7 and 14 days) in mature adult patients.Materials and MethodsThirty‐six patients over 35 years who received orthodontic treatment with Invisalign® were randomly allocated to two different aligner replacement sequence protocols: Group 1: exchange every 7 days (n = 18); and Group 2: exchange every 14 days (n = 18). All patients were scanned with iTero Element 5D® (Align Technology) in two treatment times: at pre‐treatment (T1) and after using the first five aligners (T2). Little's Irregularity Index (LII) and arch widths were evaluated with OrthoCAD software. Intra and intergroup comparisons were performed with the dependent and independent t‐tests. The results were considered significant for P < .05.ResultsThirty‐five patients completed the study. Both groups' maxillary and mandibular Irregularity Indexesi were significantly lower at T2. There was no significant difference in inter‐canine, inter‐premolar, and intermolar distances. G2 (14 days) presented a greater decrease in mandibular irregularity than G1 (7 days).ConclusionBoth exchange protocols (7 and 14 days) effectively correct anterior crowding in the initial phase of orthodontic treatment with aligners in mature adult patients. However, the 14‐day exchange protocol provided a greater correction in mandibular anterior crowding in the evaluated period than the 7‐day exchange protocol.