bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on steel fiber synergistically reinforced cellular concrete explosion‐proof effect in an underwater near‐field environment
Authors: Cao Kelei , Qiu Qingming , Huang Hu , Wang Chao , Zhang Changhui , Zhang Yingying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on the static and dynamic test results of steel fiber synergistically reinforced cellular concrete (SFSRCC) under a complex stress state, the yield surface equation and strain rate effect are modified to construct a modified Holmquist–Johnson–Cook (HJC) model suitable for the dynamic compression behavior characteristics of SFSRCC, and the modified HJC model is verified. At the same time, a finite width SFSRCC protective layer–roller compacted concrete (RCC) slab–water–explosive multimedia coupling model is established to explore the influence of setting different thicknesses of the SFSRCC protective layer (0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 m) on the explosion‐proof performance and effect of the RCC slab structure. The results show that the heavy stress–strain curves and dynamic failure modes of the SFSRCC under different strain rates are in good agreement with the experimental results. The maximum errors of peak stress and peak strain between the simulation results and the experimental results are 1.04% and 6.6%, respectively, which confirms the validity of the HJC correction model and the accuracy of the simulation results. After setting different thicknesses of the protective layer, the RCC slab blast crater depth is reduced by 56.7%, 80%, and 93.3% compared with that at 0.18 m without a protective layer program, and almost no damage to the back explosion surface occurs. The failure volume ratio of the protected RCC slab structure gradually decreases from 38.53% to 3.24% with increasing protective layer thickness, and the protected RCC slab shows only slight damage after setting the protective layer. When the thickness of the protective layer is 0.3 m, the damage of the protected RCC slab structure is distributed in the surface area, which has little effect on the structural safety. These results show that the additional SFSRCC protective layer under the condition of underwater near‐field explosion can significantly reduce the damage degree of the slab structure and improve the explosion‐proof performance of the protected RCC slab structure. This research offers a theoretical reference for the explosion‐proof material selection and design of hydraulic structures and explosion‐proof application of SFSRCC under the action of underwater explosion impact loads.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical anions stabilized by a sodium diglyme cation complex
Authors: Eichstaedt Natalie , Pietsch Ingmar , Friedrich Daniel , Breu Josef 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReduction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by sodium in the presence of the chelating ether diglyme in THF resulted in the formation of radical carbanion salts. The crystal structure of a Na(diglyme)2pyrenide, a new member in this material class, was solved from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. The green compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with unit cell parameters of a=8.9908(4) Å, b=16.6367(8) Å, c=19.1723(7) Å, β=94.734(2)°, V=2857.9(2) Å3, and Z=4 (T=20 °C).
Grey Galaxies’ as an endpoint of the Kerr-AdS superradiant instability
Authors: Kim Seok , Kundu Suman , Lee Eunwoo , Lee Jaeha , Minwalla Shiraz , Patel Chintan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Kerr-AdSd+1 black holes for d ≥ 3 suffer from classical superradiant instabilities over a range of masses above extremality. We conjecture that these instabilities settle down into Grey Galaxies (GGs) — a new class of coarse-grained solutions to Einstein’s equations which we construct in d = 3. Grey Galaxies are made up of a black hole with critical angular velocity ω = 1 in the ‘centre’ of AdS, surrounded by a large flat disk of thermal bulk gas that revolves around the centre of AdS at the speed of light. The gas carries a finite fraction of the total energy, as its parametrically low energy density and large radius are inversely related. GGs exist at masses that extend all the way down to the unitarity bound. Their thermodynamics is that of a weakly interacting mix of Kerr-AdS black holes and the bulk gas. Their boundary stress tensor is the sum of a smooth ‘black hole’ contribution and a peaked gas contribution that is delta function localized around the equator of the boundary sphere in the large N limit. We also construct another class of solutions with the same charges; ‘Revolving Black Holes (RBHs)’. RBHs are macroscopically charged SO(d, 2) descendants of AdS-Kerr solutions, and consist of ω = 1 black holes revolving around the centre of AdS at a fixed radial location but in a quantum wave function in the angular directions. RBH solutions are marginally entropically subdominant to GG solutions and do not constitute the endpoint of the superradiant instability. Nonetheless, we argue that supersymmetric versions of these solutions have interesting implications for the spectrum of supersymmetric states in, e.g. $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Yang-Mills theory.
New energy spectra in neutrino and photon detectors to reveal hidden dark matter signals
Authors: Beenakker Wim , Caron Sascha , Kip Jochem , de Austri Roberto Ruiz , Zhang Zhongyi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Neutral particles capable of travelling cosmic distances from a source to detectors on Earth are limited to photons and neutrinos. Examination of the Dark Matter annihilation/decay spectra for these particles reveals the presence of continuum spectra (e.g. due to fragmentation and W or Z decay) and peaks (due to direct annihilations/decays). However, when one explores extensions of the Standard Model (BSM), unexplored spectra emerge that differ significantly from those of the Standard Model (SM) for both neutrinos and photons. In this paper, we argue for the inclusion of important spectra that include peaks as well as previously largely unexplored entities such as boxes and combinations of box, peak and continuum decay spectra.
Was ist gesichert in der Therapie des systemischen Lupus erythematodes?
Authors: Gödecke Vega , Witte Torsten 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDer systemische Lupus erythematodes (SLE) ist eine Autoimmunerkrankung mit variabler klinischer Präsentation und Organbeteiligung. Eine frühzeitige Diagnose sowie das zügige Erreichen einer niedrigen Krankheitsaktivität oder Remission reduzieren Organschäden und verbessern die Prognose. Die Behandlungsansätze lassen sich unterteilen in sogenannte Basismaßnahmen und die immunsuppressiven Therapien. Die medikamentösen Therapieoptionen wurden in den letzten Jahren grundlegend erweitert, dabei sind neue Wirkstoffklassen für die Therapie des SLE hinzugekommen. Dies schließt Biologikatherapien und zugelassene Therapieoptionen für die Behandlung der Lupusnephritis ein. Aufgrund verbesserter Behandlungsmöglichkeiten kann unter Einsparung von Glukokortikoiden häufig eine gute Krankheitskontrolle erreicht werden, dabei kommen zunehmend Kombinationstherapien zum Einsatz. Von großer Wichtigkeit ist der konsequente Einsatz der Basismaßnahmen, hierzu zählen der Einsatz von Hydroxychloroquin, die Optimierung der kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren, ein Schutz vor ultravioletter Strahlung, knochenprotektive Maßnahmen und die Durchführung der Schutzimpfungen. In der Behandlung der Lupusnephritis spielen konservative Therapiemaßnahmen zur Nephroprotektion eine entscheidende Rolle für die renale Prognose. Hinsichtlich einer Verbesserung der Lebensqualität haben auch nichtpharmakologische Therapieoptionen wie die Bewegungstherapie eine große Bedeutung.
Meniscal allograft transplantation improves patient‐reported outcomes in both minimal and moderate knee osteoarthritis at 1 and 2 years postoperatively
Authors: Aavikko Anni , Bister Ville , Reito Aleksi , Lindahl Jan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeSevere cartilage damage and advanced knee osteoarthritis (OA) might be associated with poor outcomes of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT). The purpose of this prospective follow‐up study was to explore MAT survivorship and patient satisfaction among young patients with symptomatic meniscal deficiency and radiological OA of different Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grades.MethodsThirty‐five consecutive MAT patients were prospectively followed up for 2 years. The lateral meniscus was replaced in 29 patients and the medial meniscus in 6 patients. Outcomes were assessed using the KOOS4 composite score, KOOS subscales, Lysholm knee score, and OA K–L grade progression from weight‐bearing knee radiographs. For the outcome analysis, patients were categorized into two groups: 19 in Group A (K–L classification 0–1) and 16 in Group B (K–L classification 2).ResultsIn terms of KOOS4 and Lysholm scores, the patients showed a clinically significant improvement from baseline to the 1‐year follow‐up (22.2 points, 95% CI 16.6–27.8 for KOOS4 and 16.8 points, 95% CI 8.9–24.6 for Lysholm), and the improvement remained at 2 years (20.6 points, 95% CI 13.2–28.1 for KOOS4 and 21.5, 95% CI 12.5–30.7 for Lysholm). At the 6‐month follow‐up, this improvement was not yet observed. Minor between‐group differences were observed in the KOOS4 and Lysholm scores for the K–L 0–1 and K–L 2 OA groups, but the estimates were imprecise with wide confidence intervals. A clinically relevant difference between these two study groups could not be found at any timepoint. The reoperation rate was higher in the K–L 2 group than in the K–L 0–1 group (31% vs. 11%).ConclusionsMAT yielded improved patient‐reported outcomes and subjective satisfaction at 1 and 2 years postoperatively. The differences from baseline exceeded the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) at all timepoints. The severity of cartilage damage and knee OA in terms of the K–L grade at the time of surgery did not affect the KOOS and Lysholm scores after the MAT procedure. Knee OA progression in terms of K–L grade worsening was not observed in any patients.Level of evidenceIII.
Error introduced by direct 3D printing of compression samples of PLA made by FDM process
Authors: Scipioni Silvia Ilaria , Lambiase Francesco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study delves into the crucial aspect of sample preparation methodology and its profound impact on characterizing the physical and mechanical properties of components fabricated through the material extrusion (fused deposition modeling—FDM) process. Two distinct manufacturing approaches, direct printing and sample extraction from a plate, were employed to produce samples. To assess the influence of artifacts introduced by direct printing, compression tests were conducted under various loading directions. The investigation extends to density measurements and comprehensive morphological analysis, which plays a pivotal role in understanding the ramifications of different manufacturing approaches and principal sample directions. Notably, the research findings reveal that direct printing inflicts significant artifacts within the samples, fundamentally altering the properties obtained during testing. These artifacts substantially affect density measurements and mechanical behavior, indicating a potential avenue for future research and applications. Besides, the printing direction also significantly influenced the extent of the artifacts and differences in mechanical behavior. The maximum difference in density measurement was − 5.3%, while Young’s modulus reached − 29%, and yield strength ranged between − 12% (for vertical samples) and + 18% for horizontal samples with filaments arranged along the loading path. These findings underscore the necessity for meticulously crafted quality assessment protocols when utilizing functional parts manufactured through the material extrusion process. Such protocols should also consider the influence of sample dimensions on the mechanical characteristics of the components.
Rechtsmedizin in der Populärkultur
Authors: Schwarz Clara-Sophie , Germerott Tanja , Buwen Anne , Lustig Magdalena , Stolper Katja , Toth Teresa , Uhlig Mirko 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das mediale Interesse an ihrer Arbeit kann sich im beruflichen Alltag von Rechtsmediziner:innen niederschlagen und die zukünftige Entwicklung des Faches beeinflussen. Um adäquat reagieren zu können, bedarf es einer differenzierten Einordnung der medialen Inszenierungen.

Methoden
Für eine erste Annäherung wurde eine Kooperation zwischen Rechtsmedizin und Kulturanthropologie initiiert und ein gemeinsames Projektseminar durchgeführt. Die Analyse der ausgewählten populärkulturellen Fallbeispiele (Podcasts, TV-Serien, Sachbücher) basierte auf den hermeneutischen Verfahren der historisch-kritischen Filmanalyse und Medienanalyse. Das Ziel des Projektes bestand darin, spezifische Schlüsselnarrative, die zur rezenten öffentlichen Inszenierung der Rechtsmedizin genutzt werden, herauszuarbeiten.

Ergebnisse
Ausgehend vom Konzept des „forensischen Marktes“ als profitables und Aufmerksamkeit generierendes Forum zur Darstellung der Rechtsmedizin, werden Fallbeispiele präsentiert. Sachbücher, an denen Rechtsmediziner beteiligt sind, nehmen eine ambivalente Position ein, da sie einerseits die Spektakularisierung des Sujets befördern und Erwartungshaltungen bedienen, andererseits versuchen, Rechtsmedizin differenziert darzustellen und auch politische Interventionen fordern. Bei den untersuchten TV-Produktionen ist auffällig, wie die Darstellungen durch ein naturalistisches Weltbild geprägt sind, nach dem nur die vermeintlich objektiven Methoden der Forensik befriedigende Antworten bieten. Durch die Heroisierung der Rechtsmedizin als Anwältin der Verstorbenen wird ein dramaturgisches Bedürfnis befriedigt, aber ihre Kompetenz im Ermittlungs- und Strafverfahren überzogen dargestellt.

Schlussfolgerungen
Bereits diese erste Sondierung konnte die Vielschichtigkeit und Komplexität des Untersuchungsfeldes zeigen, das eine interdisziplinäre Forschung verlangt. Neben den drängenden ethischen Fragen ergeben sich weitere zur Inszenierung der Rechtsmedizin und ihren Folgen für das Fach selbst, die in der aktuellen Diskussion produktiv aufgegriffen werden können.
Enhancement of peripheral fatty acyl ethanolamide signaling prevents stress-induced social avoidance and anxiety-like behaviors in male rats
Authors: Carnevali Luca , Barbetti Margherita , Fotio Yannick , Ferlenghi Francesca , Vacondio Federica , Mor Marco , Piomelli Daniele , Sgoifo Andrea 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Exposure to traumatic events can lead to alterations in social and anxiety-related behaviors. Emerging evidence suggests that peripheral host-defense processes are implicated in the expression of stress-induced behavioral responses and may be targeted to mitigate the negative sequalae of stress exposure.

Objectives
In this study, we used the peripherally restricted FAAH inhibitor URB937 to investigate the effects of the fatty acyl ethanolamide (FAE) family of lipid mediators – which include the endocannabinoid anandamide and the endogenous PPAR-α agonists, oleoylethanolamide and palmitoylethanolamide – on behavioral and peripheral biochemical responses to two ethologically distinct rat models of stress.

Methods
Male adult rats were exposed to acute social defeat, a model of psychological stress (Experiment 1), or to the predator odor 2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT), a test of innate predator-evoked fear (Experiment 2), and subsequently treated with URB937 (1 or 3 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) or vehicle. Behavioral analyses were conducted 24 h (Experiment 1) or 7 days (Experiment 2) after exposure.

Results
URB937 administration prevented the emergence of both social avoidance behavior after social defeat stress and anxiety-related behaviors after TMT exposure. Further, URB937 administration blocked social defeat-induced transient increase in plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the elevation in plasma corticosterone levels observed 24 h after social defeat

Conclusions
Enhancement of peripheral FAAH-regulated lipid signaling prevents the emergence of stress-induced social avoidance and anxiety-like behaviors in male rats through mechanisms that may involve an attenuation of peripheral cytokine release induced by stress exposure.
Stability, Vertex Stability, and Unfrozenness for Special Graph Classes
Authors: Gurski Frank , Rothe Jörg , Weishaupt Robin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFrei et al. (J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 123, 103–121, 2022) show that the stability, vertex stability, and unfrozenness problems with respect to certain graph parameters are complete for $$\varvec{\Theta _{2}^{\textrm{P}}}$$

Θ

2

P

, the class of problems solvable in polynomial time by parallel access to an NP oracle. They studied the common graph parameters $$\varvec{\alpha }$$

α

(the independence number), $$\varvec{\beta }$$

β

(the vertex cover number), $$\varvec{\omega }$$

ω

(the clique number), and $$\varvec{\chi }$$

χ

(the chromatic number). We complement their approach by providing polynomial-time algorithms solving these problems for special graph classes, namely for graphs with bounded tree-width or bounded clique-width. In order to improve these general time bounds even further, we then focus on trees, forests, bipartite graphs, and co-graphs.
A phase-II study based on dose adjustment according to UGT1A1 polymorphism: is irinotecan underdosed in first-line FOLFIRI regimen for mCRC?
Authors: Ginzac Angeline , Thivat Emilie , Petorin Caroline , Richard Damien , Herviou Pauline , Molnar Ioana , Devaud Hervé , Creveaux Isabelle , Ferrer Florent , Authier Nicolas , Jary Marine , Pezet Denis , Durando Xavier 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Irinotecan has considerable importance in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). UDP-glucoronyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 is responsible for the inactivation of SN-38, a metabolite of irinotecan. Depending on UGT1A1 polymorphism, the activity of the UGT enzyme can be reduced leading to more frequent occurrence of adverse events related to irinotecan. The present study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of different doses of irinotecan adjusted according to UGT1A1 polymorphism.

Methods
Thirty-four patients treated with FOLFIRI as first-line treatment for mCRC were included in this study. The irinotecan dosage was adapted on the basis of UGT1A1 polymorphisms: *1/*1 (370 mg/m2); *1/*28 (310 mg/m2), and *28/*28 (180 mg/m2). The incidence of grades 3 and 4 toxicities (neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and diarrhoea) was recorded. Response was assessed according to the RECIST 1.1 criteria.

Results
On the basis of UGT1A1 genotyping, 20 patients were *1/*1 (58.8%), 12 were *1/*28 (35.3%) and 2 were *28/*28 (5.9%). Seven patients experienced at least one severe toxicity, i.e., 21% of the population, amounting to eleven adverse events. Concerning the response rate, 15 patients (44%) had partial or complete response.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that mCRC patients treated with FOLFIRI can tolerate a higher dose of irinotecan than the standard dose, i.e., > 180 mg/m2, on the basis of their UGT1A1 genotype, without increased toxicities.

Trial registration
NCT01963182 (registered on 16/10/2013, Clermont-Ferrand, France).
Accurate Computations up to Breakdown of Quasi-Periodic Attractors in the Dissipative Spin–Orbit Problem
Authors: Calleja Renato , Celletti Alessandra , Gimeno Joan , de la Llave Rafael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe consider a Celestial Mechanics model: the spin–orbit problem with a dissipative tidal torque, which is a singular perturbation of a conservative system. The goal of this paper is to show that it is possible to maintain the accuracy and reliability of the computation of quasi-periodic attractors for parameter values extremely close to the breakdown and, therefore, it is possible to obtain information on the breakdown mechanism of these quasi-periodic attractors. The method uses at the same time numerical and rigorous improvements to provide (i) a very accurate computation of the time-1 map of the spin–orbit problem (which reduces the dimensionality of the problem); (ii) a very efficient KAM method for maps which computes the attractor and its tangent spaces (by quadratically convergent, low storage requirements, and low operation count); (iii) explicit algorithms backed by a rigorous a posteriori KAM theorem, which establishes that if the algorithm is successful and produces a small residual, then there is a true solution nearby; and (iv) guaranteed algorithms to reach arbitrarily close to the border of existence as long as there are enough computer resources. As a by-product of the accuracy that we maintain till breakdown, we study several scale-invariant observables of the tori used in the renormalization group of infinite-dimensional spaces. In contrast with previously studied simple models, the behavior at breakdown of the spin–orbit problem does not satisfy standard scaling relations which implies that the spin–orbit problem is not described by a hyperbolic fixed point of the renormalization operator.
In vivo observation of lipid droplets in coral calcifying cells: fat stores to fuel the reef-building process?
Authors: Chatin Benoît , Venn Alexander A. , Tambutté Éric , Tambutté Sylvie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe calcifying cells of corals are responsible for skeleton formation, a process that is the basis for reef building. Their cell biology is therefore of primary interest, but current knowledge is limited because direct in vivo investigation of this cell type is challenging. Studies at the growing edge of laterally extending coral colonies allow for direct observations of actively calcifying cells in living samples. In the current study, we used this approach to study lipid droplets, which are considered storage organelles that fuel cells for physiological processes. Using the fluorescent lipid probe Nile Red and in vivo confocal microscopy, we observed lipid droplets in calcifying cells of the coral Stylophora pistillata and we suggest that they play a key role in coral calcification.
Are autopsies on minors a taboo?: The experience of Milan in a 19-year retrospective study
Authors: Tambuzzi Stefano , Crudele Graziano , Maggioni Lidia , Collini Federica , Tunesi Sara , Decarli Adriano , Russo Antonio Giampiero , Cattaneo Cristina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractForensic autopsy is an important tool for the proper management of non-natural deaths in minors. However, it seems that autopsy in minors is a practice which may not be performed routinely. In this framework, we conducted a study analyzing autopsies of minors (under 18 years of age in Italy) performed at the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Milan in the period 2001–2019. For the period 2015–2019, we extrapolated all deaths due to non-natural causes in minors to investigate how many and which of these deaths were not subjected to forensic autopsy. Of the total, 344 minors (235 males and 109 females) underwent autopsies, with an overall downward trend of about 80% since 2004. Most autopsies occurred between the ages of 0 and 1 year, and the fewest between the ages of 5 and 9 years. The place of death was home in most cases, and accidental death was most common, followed by natural death, suicide, and homicide, with prevalence varying by age group. Blunt force trauma predominated among accidental death in all age groups, followed by asphyxia. Similar findings were observed for suicides, although there was a more differentiated pattern for suicides between the ages of 15 and 17 years. Among homicides, blunt force trauma, asphyxia, and gunshot wounds were fairly evenly distributed across all age groups. Between 2015 and 2019, a total of 86 minors died of a non-natural cause, and a forensic autopsy was performed in only 33 cases (38%). Our data shows that fewer and fewer autopsies are being performed over the last years, which indicates a dangerous lack of forensic investigation of children and adolescent deaths, with enormous implications for prevention of child abuse.