bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active feeding of downstream migrating juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) revealed in a large Barents Sea river using diet and stable isotope analysis
Authors: Erkinaro Jaakko , Orell Panu , Kytökorpi Mikko , Pohjola Jan‐Peter , Power Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe recent, rapid spreading of non‐native pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha in the North Atlantic area has raised concerns about their possible negative impacts on native salmonid species. Potential interactions include competition for food resources during the short freshwater phase of juvenile O. gorbuscha, but little is known about their feeding behavior in the newly occupied North Atlantic rivers. Using stable isotope and stomach content analyses, patterns of freshwater feeding of non‐native O. gorbuscha fry were studied in a large Fennoscandian river, the Teno, that discharges to the Barents Sea. Changes in stable isotope values (δ13C, δ15N, δ34S) and stomach contents from the period of emergence (April to mid‐May) to estuarine entry (late May/June) were examined and provided both temporally integrated and short‐term indicators of freshwater feeding dependency. In addition, the occurrence of juvenile O. gorbuscha and changes in their length and weight during their emergence/migration period were investigated. Juvenile O. gorbuscha were at the spawning grounds from April through to mid‐May with abundance peaking in mid‐May. Fish moved to the estuary by late May and their abundance decreased toward June, and their body size increased concurrently. Stomach analyses indicated no feeding activity in April–early May in the spawning areas, but the stomach fullness indices increased markedly in fish sampled in the estuary in May and June. The most important prey items in stomachs were Chironomidae and Ephemeroptera larvae. Significant changes in all analysed stable isotopes were detected among sample periods, with a peak in mid‐May and June showing significantly lower values than other sample periods. A change from the higher values reflective of parental marine feeding to the lower values reflective of freshwater feeding indicated active in‐river feeding by juveniles during the study period. The documented active freshwater feeding of non‐native juvenile O. gorbuscha suggests potential resource competition with native fluvial fishes, particularly salmonids.
Bexarotene drives the self‐renewing proliferation of adult neural stem cells, promotes neuron‐glial fate shift, and regulates late neuronal differentiation
Authors: Saibro‐Girardi Carolina , Scheibel Ingrid Matsubara , Santos Lucas , Bittencourt Reykla Ramon , Fröhlich Nicole Taís , dos Reis Possa Luana , Moreira José Claudio Fonseca , Gelain Daniel Pens 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTreatment with bexarotene, a selective retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist, significantly improves behavioral dysfunctions in various neurodegenerative animal models. Additionally, it activates neurodevelopmental and plasticity pathways in the brains of adult mice. Our objective was to investigate the impact of RXR activation by bexarotene on adult neural stem cells (aNSC) and their cell lineages. To achieve this, we treated NSCs isolated from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult rat brains from the proliferative stage to the differentiated status. The results showed that bexarotene‐treated aNSC exhibited increased BrdU incorporation, SOX2+ dividing cell pairs, and cell migration from neurospheres, revealing that the treatment promotes self‐renewing proliferation and cell motility in SVZ‐aNCS. Furthermore, bexarotene induced a cell fate shift characterized by a significant increase in GFAP+/S100B+ differentiated astrocytes, which uncovers the participation of activated‐RXR in astrogenesis. In the neuronal lineage, the fate shift was counteracted by bexarotene‐induced enhancement of NeuN+ nuclei together with neurite network outgrowth, indicating that the RXR agonist stimulates SVZ‐aNCS neuronal differentiation at later stages. These findings establish new connections between RXR activation, astro‐ and neurogenesis in the adult brain, and contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies targeting nuclear receptors for neural repair.image
Astrocytes and microglia in the coordination of CNS development and homeostasis
Authors: Lopez‐Ortiz Aída Oryza , Eyo Ukpong B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlia have emerged as important architects of central nervous system (CNS) development and maintenance. While traditionally glial contributions to CNS development and maintenance have been studied independently, there is growing evidence that either suggests or documents that glia may act in coordinated manners to effect developmental patterning and homeostatic functions in the CNS. In this review, we focus on astrocytes, the most abundant glia in the CNS, and microglia, the earliest glia to colonize the CNS highlighting research that documents either suggestive or established coordinated actions by these glial cells in various CNS processes including cell and/or debris clearance, neuronal survival and morphogenesis, synaptic maturation, and circuit function, angio−/vasculogenesis, myelination, and neurotransmission. Some molecular mechanisms underlying these processes that have been identified are also described. Throughout, we categorize the available evidence as either suggestive or established interactions between microglia and astrocytes in the regulation of the respective process and raise possible avenues for further research. We conclude indicating that a better understanding of coordinated astrocyte‐microglial interactions in the developing and mature brain holds promise for developing effective therapies for brain pathologies where these processes are perturbed.
Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma arising from a teratoma of a Carney complex patient
Authors: Ichiki Toshio , Ito Takamichi , Oishi Hiroko , Kato Kiyoko , Oda Yoshinao , Nakahara Takeshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA 25‐year‐old female Carney complex patient with a PRKAR1A mutation who had undergone surgery to remove teratomas visited our dermatology department. She was suspected of having a malignant melanoma in a teratoma. On clinical examination, a black nodule was found within the cyst. On histopathological examination, the black lesion was composed of heavily pigmented round cells with vesicular nuclei and single prominent nucleoli. Additionally, there were large cells with irregularly shaped nuclei. Upon immunohistochemical examination, the large, irregularly shaped cells were positively stained with Melan A, HMB45, S‐100 protein, SOX10, CD10 (focally), and BRAFV600E, but negatively stained with PRAME. Based on the histopathological features, we diagnosed the patient with pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma (PEM) in a teratoma of a Carney complex patient. This is the first case of PEM developing from a teratoma. Since PEM lesions may spread to regional lymph nodes, careful follow‐up is necessary.
Development of Youth‐Centered Health Messaging Posters for High School‐Based Health Clinics in Hawaii
Authors: McKay Elizabeth A. , Mattheus Deborah , Garney Whitney R. , Wilson Kelly L. , Fontenot Holly B. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDYouth may be reluctant to seek health care from school health providers due to feeling embarrassed or stigmatized in the health office environment or worried about their confidentiality. The purpose of this project was to create a set of youth‐centered health posters that promote youth engagement with nursing staff and to standardize health messaging across high schools in Hawaii school‐based clinics.METHODSTwo community advisory boards, 1 composed of 10 youth stakeholders (mean age 17 years) and the other of 7 adult stakeholders, informed poster development utilizing web‐based discussion groups. The discussions were transcribed, and additional data was collected using field notes and anonymous digital messages. Adult advisory board members also provided feedback on suggested poster text through an online survey.RESULTSYouth and adult advisory board participants identified 4 key health concerns facing youth: confidentiality, sexual health, relationships, and mental health. Based on input from the 2 advisory boards, 4 posters were developed, each centered on 1 key health issue.IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITYSchool‐based posters can convey important messages to help youth understand their health care rights and responsibilities, as well as identify important issues open for discussion with nurses.CONCLUSIONPosters are an underutilized tool for school health providers to create welcoming, inclusive health care environments and facilitate health‐related conversations with youth. This paper describes participant feedback about the characteristics of a memorable poster and briefly outlines current knowledge and recommendations for school health providers regarding each of the 4 health issues.
A review on stringiness property of cheese and the measuring technique
Authors: Lim Qai‐Yeing , Cheng Lai‐Hoong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis review paper provides a deep understanding of stringiness property in a cheese product. Stringiness is used to describe the extended continuous strand of a molten cheese, especially mozzarella cheese. Stringiness is often described quantitatively by stretch length, as well as qualitative definition which focuses on the dimension of strand and ease of extensibility. Very often, the scope of defining stringiness attributes is limited by the measuring techniques because a complete experimental setup is required to obtain information on both stretch quantity and stretch quality. Among the measuring methods, cheese extensibility rig stands out to be the best method to assess stringiness attribute of a cheese as it is an objective method. In addition, a detailed study on the molecular behavior and interactions among natural and imitation cheese components in delivering stringiness, and the challenges faced therein have been reviewed. Thus, the review provides a foundation for the development of vegan cheese or plant‐based cheese with stringiness properties.
Effect of dietary β‐glucan supplementation on growth performance, body composition, intestinal microbes, and capacity against pathogen of golden trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus, family Carangidae)
Authors: Do‐Huu Hoang , Huynh Sang Minh , Nguyen Hue Thi Nguyet , Pham Ky Xuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe efficacy of dietary β‐glucan supplementation in golden trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus) was evaluated. The fish were fed five different diets supplemented with 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20%, and 0.40% β‐glucan for 56 days. After 56 days of culture, survival was the highest when the fish were fed a 0.10% β‐glucan diet. Growth rates were higher in fish fed diets supplemented with all β‐glucan levels. Lymphocytes increased when the fish were fed a diet supplemented with 0.05% β‐glucan, and thrombocytes increased when the fish were fed 0.2% and 0.4% β‐glucan‐supplemented diets. The total aerobic bacteria count in the gut of golden trevally was higher (p < 0.05) and the total Vibrio counts in the gut of golden trevally were lower (p < 0.05) when the fish were fed any level of β‐glucan. Flesh protein content was higher and flesh lipid content was lower when fish were fed β‐glucan‐supplemented diets at levels greater than 0.1%. When challenged with Streptococcus iniae, fish fed diets containing 0.10% or 0.20% β‐glucan exhibited the highest survival rates. The current results suggest that supplementation with 0.05 to 0.2% β‐glucan in the diet would be beneficial for the culture of the golden trevally.
Structural equation modeling of factors associated with nursing students' professionalism during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jang So‐Eun , Lee Yun Mi , Son Youn‐Jung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the factors associated with nursing professionalism among Korean nursing students. This cross‐sectional study was carried out using a convenient sample comprising 247 students enrolled in a four‐year Bachelor of Science Nursing program from September 6–27, 2021. A self‐reported structured questionnaire was employed to explore the relationships among ego‐resilience, self‐leadership, clinical learning environment, academic satisfaction, clinical competency, and nursing professionalism by utilizing structural equation modeling. The modified model exhibited good fit indices. Learning‐related factors, including clinical learning environments, academic satisfaction, and clinical competency, directly affected nursing professionalism. Self‐leadership and the clinical learning environment were indirectly associated with nursing professionalism via both academic satisfaction and clinical competency. Regarding ego‐resilience, it only indirectly affected nursing professionalism via academic satisfaction. Creating a student‐centered learning environment may be vital to improve students' major and clinical performance, thereby boosting nursing professionalism. Furthermore, nurse educators should consider individual psychological aspects of students when designing the nursing curriculum to foster nursing professionalism. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine if our model is available to explain the development of professionalism among nursing students.
Rapid mini‐chromosome divergence among fungal isolates causing wheat blast outbreaks in Bangladesh and Zambia
Authors: Liu Sanzhen , Lin Guifang , Ramachandran Sowmya R. , Daza Lidia Calderon , Cruppe Giovana , Tembo Batiseba , Singh Pawan Kumar , Cook David , Pedley Kerry F. , Valent Barbara 
Published: November 2023

Summary

The fungal pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum pathotype, causing wheat blast disease was first identified in South America and recently spread across continents to South Asia and Africa. Here, we studied the genetic relationship among isolates found on the three continents.

Magnaporthe oryzae strains closely related to a South American field isolate B71 were found to have caused the wheat blast outbreaks in South Asia and Africa. Genomic variation among isolates from the three continents was examined using an improved B71 reference genome and whole‐genome sequences.

We found strong evidence to support that the outbreaks in Bangladesh and Zambia were caused by the introductions of genetically separated isolates, although they were all close to B71 and, therefore, collectively referred to as the B71 branch. In addition, B71 branch strains carried at least one supernumerary mini‐chromosome. Genome assembly of a Zambian strain revealed that its mini‐chromosome was similar to the B71 mini‐chromosome but with a high level of structural variation.

Our findings show that while core genomes of the multiple introductions are highly similar, the mini‐chromosomes have undergone marked diversification. The maintenance of the mini‐chromosome and rapid genomic changes suggest the mini‐chromosomes may serve important virulence or niche adaptation roles under diverse environmental conditions.
A novel UVA‐associated circUBE2I mediates ferroptosis in HaCaT cells
Authors: Yi Peng , Huang Yan , Zhao Xin , Qin Zhengshan , Zhu Danli , Liu Li , Zheng Yuxi , Feng Jianguo , Long Menghong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlternative splicing of precursor messenger RNA (pre‐mRNA), including linear splicing and back splicing, produces multiple isoforms that lead to diverse cell fates in response to stimuli including ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Although UVR‐induced linear gene splicing has been extensively studied in skin cells, the UVR‐induced gene back‐splicing events that lead to the production of circular RNAs (circRNAs) have not been thoroughly investigated. The present study used circRNA transcriptome sequencing to screen the differentially expressed circRNAs in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) after UVA irradiation. A total of 312 differentially expressed circRNAs were found in HaCaT cells post‐UVR. Among the UVA‐induced differentially expressed circRNAs, circUBE2I—a novel circRNA formed by exons 2–6 of the UBE2I gene—was the most significantly upregulated circRNA. RT–qPCR assay further confirmed the increase of circUBE2I level in HaCaT cells after UVA irradiation or H2O2 treatment. RNase R digestion experiment revealed the stability of circUBE2I. Overexpression of circUBE2I in keratinocytes induced ferroptosis after UVA or H2O2, preventable by the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin‐1. Our study provides new insights into the role of circular RNAs in UVA‐induced skin cell damage and suggests that circUBE2I could be a therapeutic target in UVR‐aroused ferroptosis in skin cells.
Are there really any dual‐character concepts?
Authors: Phillips Jonathan , Plunkett David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere has been growing excitement in recent years about “dual‐character” concepts. Philosophers have argued that such concepts can help us make progress on a range of philosophical issues, from aesthetics to law to metaphysics. Dual‐character concepts are thought to have a distinctive internal structure, which relates a set of descriptive features to an abstract value, and which allows people to use either the descriptive features or the abstract value for determining the extension of the concept. Here, we skeptically investigate the central argument in favor of their existence. Across three new empirical studies, we systematically demonstrate that the linguistic patterns that dual‐character concepts were originally posited to explain are likely better explained by much more general features of language use.
Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi density on growth and metabolism of Handroanthus serratifolius (Vahl) S.O. Grose seedlings
Authors: da Sousa Ludyanne da Silva , Correia Tatiane Santos , dos Farias Frank dos Santos , Santana Marcos Diones Ferreira , Lara Túlio Silva 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStudies on the relationship between Handroanthus serratifolius and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are limited in the literature. The influence of AMF spore density on plant development is fundamental information to determining the degree of benefits in this relationship. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different AMF spore densities on thirty‐day‐old H. serratifolius seedlings, focusing on growth and biochemical parameters using a completely randomized experimental design with three different spore densities and control. The spore densities were classified as low, medium, and high, with 1.54, 3.08, and 12.35 spores g−1, respectively. Plant growth analysis, mycorrhizal colonization, nitrogen compound concentration, and carbohydrate analysis were performed. The medium spore density treatment showed the greatest increases in biomass, height, leaf area, and root volume. Furthermore, greater absorption of phosphorus and better dynamics in nitrogen metabolism were observed in mycorrhizal plants compared to the control since the ammonium and nitrate compounds were rapidly incorporated into protein and chlorophyll compounds. The carbohydrate analysis revealed the influence of source‐sink dynamics on sugar concentration in different plant parts. These findings support the importance of determining the appropriate spore density for assessing the symbiotic relationship between forest species and AMF.
Adaptive social protection in Indonesia: Stress‐testing the effect of a natural disaster on poverty and vulnerability
Authors: Gasior Katrin , Wright Gemma , Barnes Helen , Noble Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndonesia is among the countries with the highest exposure to natural disasters, and risks are expected to increase due to climate change. Natural disasters and other shocks require well‐developed social protection systems that can cushion the economic consequences for those most vulnerable to these events. International stakeholders advocate for ‘Adaptive Social Protection’ which links social policy with strategies on disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation. This article uses the tax‐benefit microsimulation model INDOMOD to analyse the adaptiveness of the Indonesian social protection system by simulating an income shock caused by a natural disaster and testing reforms to the existing social protection system. We find that the existing system generally performs well in lifting people out of poverty in normal times but does not sufficiently help them to prepare for and cope with shocks. This is especially the case for large households, households with more than two children, people in their 20s and 80s and individuals with a disability. The tested hypothetical reforms reduce the impact of the shock and better target those identified as needing more support but require a substantial increase in social spending.
Oral administration of hyaluronic acid to improve skin conditions via a randomized double‐blind clinical test
Authors: Gao Yan‐Rui , Wang Rui‐Ping , Zhang Lu , Fan Yuan , Luan Jin , Liu Zhe , Yuan Chao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of oral intake of Hyaluronic Acid (HA) on skin health.BackgroundHA, an endogenous substance in the human body, plays a key role in skin health. However, its concentration in the skin decreases significantly with age. Previous studies suggested that oral intake of HA can supplement the body's HA level, but did not reveal the effects on different age groups and skin types.MethodsA double‐blind, randomized clinical trial with 129 female participants, covering young and elderly groups and differnet skin types, was conducted to assess the efficacy of orally administered HA on skin health.ResultsOral administration of HA significantly promoted skin hydration after 2‐8 weeks among both young and elderly groups. Skin tone improvement was observed after 4‐8 weeks, while an increase in epidermal thickness was noted after 12 weeks.ConclusionThis study provides direct evidence supporting the clinical efficacy of oral intake of HA in promoting skin health.
An Underactuated Cable-Driven Parallel Robot for Marine Automated Launch and Recovery Operations
Authors: Angelini Michele , Ida' Edoardo , Bertin Daniele , Carricato Marco , Mantovani Enrico , Bazzi Davide , Orassi Vincenzo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the feasibility study and preliminary testing of an underactuated cable-driven parallel robot for automated launch and recovery operations on the sea surface. The robot frame is mounted onto a primary vessel (PV) subject to sea-induced motions. During launch, the end-effector (EE) is required to deploy a secondary vessel (SV) by lowering it from the PV onto the sea surface. During recovery, the EE has to track and grasp a SV and the EE-SV assembly needs to be stabilized during lifting from the sea surface to the PV. Sea conditions and the underactuated nature of the EE influence the operational feasibility and the overall robot performance. The paper presents the conceptual design and the robot model, as well as the methodologies for winch dimensioning and robot control. An extensive simulation campaign is conducted to optimize performances and assess the system’s behavior.