bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do socioeconomic differentiation and rural governance affect households' land transfer decisions? Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Chongchong , Wang Ying , Yang Bin , Zheng Liang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn rural areas, social and economic differentiation profoundly impact rural development patterns, which, in return, impacts rural village social and economic structures and the land transfer decisions of rural households residing within the village. Research on agricultural land transfer has rarely been discussed under the lens of the differentiated socioeconomic structure of rural villages, as well as rural governance capacities. This paper contributes to the existing body of research on the determinants of rural land transfer by examining the role of village socioeconomic differentiation and rural governance based on a quantitative analysis of factors at different scales. The results show that: (1) compared with clan‐based unity structure, kinship‐based split structure and dispersed structure have a positive effect on household land out‐transfer and a negative effect on land in‐transfer. (2) The homogeneity of residents had a negative impact on out‐transfer, while the financial revenue of the village had significant positive influences on households' out‐transfer. (3) The higher the trust in cadres and the evaluation of the local government, the greater the tendency of households to transfer land in, but none of this effect is significant. (4) The socialized agricultural services and the share of non‐farm have significant effects on land transfer. Moreover, households with better geographical conditions, such as those near the county capital and towns, are more likely to transfer their land out. These findings offer significant insights for the management of agricultural scale and the revitalization of rural areas in China, while also offering valuable ideas for the implementation of differentiated agricultural control and rural governance policies in other countries.
Advanced Design of a III‐Nitride Light‐Emitting Diode via Machine Learning
Authors: Jiang Zhuoying , Jiang Ying , Chen Mengyu , Li Jinchai , Li Penggang , Chen Binghuan , Zhao Shanshan , Wang Jie , Jiang Sijie , Cai Miaomin , Li Lin , Li Cheng , Huang Kai , Lu Weifang , Kang Junyong , Zhang Rong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGallium nitride (GaN)‐based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have obtained great market success in the past 20 years. However, the traditional research paradigm, i.e., experimental trial‐and‐error method, no longer adapts to the industry development. In this work, an efficient approach is demonstrated to design and optimize GaN‐based LED structures via machine learning (ML). By using the dataset of GaN‐based LED structures over the past decade to train four typical ML models, it is found that the convolutional neural network (CNN) provides the most accurate prediction, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.03% for internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and 11.98 W cm−2 for light output power density (LOPD). Based on the CNN model, 1) the feature importance analysis is adopted to reveal the critical features for LED performance; 2) the predicted trends of IQE and LOPD match well with the physical mechanism, being consistent with the experimental and simulation results; and 3) a high‐throughput screening is demonstrated to predict the properties of over 20 000 structures within seconds to obtain high efficiency LED structures. This ML‐based LED design method enables direct guiding of the LED structure optimization in terms of key parameter selection during manufacturing and greatly accelerates the development cycle of GaN‐based LEDs.
Adhesives Based on Poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐butyl acrylate) with Controlled Structure: Curing Behavior and Adhesion Properties on Metal Substrates
Authors: Cañamero Pedro , Fernández‐García Marta , de la Fuente José Luis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe adhesion properties of poly(glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)‐co‐butyl acrylate (BA)) statistical copolymers, synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), are investigated employing three different curing agents or hardeners, such as diethanolamine (DEA), dicyandiamide (DICY), and 2‐cyanoacetamide (2‐CA) on copper, iron, brass, aluminum, and titanium metal surfaces. This work describes the treatment of the different surfaces, establishes the optimal curing conditions from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of these novel adhesive systems, and evaluates the results of the single‐lap shear test for metal joints. Thus, by dynamic DSC measurements of the mixtures, a low curing temperature of 90 °C is defined when DEA is used as a curative; while systems based on DICY and 2‐CA require temperatures of 150 °C and 160 °C, respectively. In addition, the curing process of this controlled acrylic copolymer with DICY exhibits a singular behavior, possibly due to the curing reaction mechanism, where multiple epoxy‐amine ring‐opening polyaddition reactions take place between DICY's active hydrogens and epoxy groups of poly(GMA‐co‐BA). This latter curing system shows the highest adhesion features with lap‐shear strength at room temperature of 15.5 MPa, using copper as metallic substrate; however, the best results are obtained using 2‐CA as curing agent with aluminum and iron.
A potent and broad‐spectrum neutralizing nanobody for SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses, including all major Omicron strains
Authors: Yao Hebang , Wang Hongyang , Zhang Zhaoyong , Lu Yuchi , Zhang Zhiying , Zhang Yu , Xiong Xinyi , Wang Yanqun , Wang Zhizhi , Yang Haitao , Zhao Jincun , Xu Wenqing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 viruses are highly transmissible and immune evasive. It is critical to develop broad‐spectrum prophylactic and therapeutic antibodies for potential future pandemics. Here, we used the phage display method to discover nanobodies (Nbs) for neutralizing SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses especially Omicron strains. The leading nanobody (Nb), namely, Nb4, with excellent physicochemical properties, can neutralize Delta and Omicron subtypes, including BA.1, BA.1.1 (BA.1 + R346K), BA.2, BA.5, BQ.1, and XBB.1. The crystal structure of Nb4 in complex with the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of BA.1 Spike protein reveals that Nb4 interacts with an epitope on the RBD overlapping with the receptor‐binding motif, and thus competes with angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding. Nb4 is expected to be effective for neutralizing most recent Omicron variants, since the epitopes are evolutionarily conserved among them. Indeed, trivalent Nb4 interacts with the XBB1.5 Spike protein with low nM affinity and competes for ACE2 binding. Prophylactic and therapeutic experiments in mice indicated that Nb4 could reduce the Omicron virus loads in the lung. In particular, in prophylactic experiments, intranasal administration of multivalent Nb4 completely protected mice from Omicron infection. Taken together, these results demonstrated that Nb4 could serve as a potent and broad‐spectrum prophylactic and therapeutic Nb for COVID‐19.
Long‐term storage does not affect the DNA methylation profiles of vitrified‐warmed human embryos
Authors: Zhu Ling , Sun Liwei , Liu Weiwei , Han Wei , Huang Guoning , Li Jingyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the widespread application of embryo cryopreservation in assisted reproductive techniques, it is necessary to assess the safety of long‐term cryopreservation of human embryos and it is unclear whether storage time has an impact on the DNA methylation profiles of human embryos. Nine women who received IVF treatment were recruited for this study. The retrieved eight‐cell human embryos were classified into three groups including fresh embryos, cryopreserved embryos stored for 3 years, and cryopreserved embryos stored for 8 years. Single‐cell whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing (scWGBS) was conducted. The genome‐wide methylation pattern of the fresh and two cryopreserved groups were similar. In addition, the methylation level in different genomic regions showed comparable patterns and no significant differences were observed in the methylation level of imprinted genes among the three groups. A total of 587 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the 3‐year group and 540 DMRs in the 8‐year group were identified comparing to fresh group. However, they were not enriched in promoters and had a similar genome‐wide distributions, suggesting that these DMRs may not contribute to the changes in corresponding gene expressions. Our study illustrated that long‐term cryopreservation will not affect the DNA methylation profiles of human eight‐cell embryos at single‐cell level.
Multidimensional compressed sensing to advance 23Na multi‐quantum coherences MRI
Authors: Licht Christian , Reichert Simon , Guye Maxime , Schad Lothar R. , Rapacchi Stanislas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeSodium (23Na) multi‐quantum coherences (MQC) MRI was accelerated using three‐dimensional (3D) and a dedicated five‐dimensional (5D) compressed sensing (CS) framework for simultaneous Cartesian single (SQ) and triple quantum (TQ) sodium imaging of in vivo human brain at 3.0 and 7.0 T.Theory and Methods3D 23Na MQC MRI requires multi‐echo paired with phase‐cycling and exhibits thus a multidimensional space. A joint reconstruction framework to exploit the sparsity in all imaging dimensions by extending the conventional 3D CS framework to 5D was developed. 3D MQC images of simulated brain, phantom and healthy brain volunteers obtained from 3.0 T and 7.0 T were retrospectively and prospectively undersampled. Performance of the CS models were analyzed by means of structural similarity index (SSIM), root mean squared error (RMSE), signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and signal quantification of tissue sodium concentration and TQ/SQ ratio.ResultsIt was shown that an acceleration of three‐fold, leading to less than min of scan time with a resolution of at 3.0 T, are possible. 5D CS improved SSIM by 3%, 5%, 1% and reduced RMSE by 50%, 30%, 8% for in vivo SQ, TQ, and TQ/SQ ratio maps, respectively. Furthermore, for the first time prospective undersampling enabled unprecedented high resolution from to MQC images of in vivo human brain at 7.0 T without extending acquisition time.Conclusion5D CS proved to allow up to three‐fold acceleration retrospectively on 3.0 T data. 2‐fold acceleration was demonstrated prospectively at 7.0 T to reach higher spatial resolution of 23Na MQC MRI.
Long‐term monitoring of huddling behavior in mice using online image processing
Authors: Nomoto Kensaku , Tajima Jitsu , Kikusui Takefumi , Mogi Kazutaka 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany animal species, including mice, form societies of numerous individuals for survival. Understanding the interactions between individual animals is crucial for elucidating group behavior. One such behavior in mice is huddling, yet its analysis has been limited. In this study, we propose a cost‐effective method for monitoring long‐term huddling behavior in mice using online image processing with OpenCV. This method treats a single mouse or a group of mice as a cluster of pixels (a ‘blob’) in video images, extracting and saving only essential information such as areas, coordinates, and orientations. This approach reduces data storage needs to 1/200000th of what would be required if the video were recorded in its compressed form, thereby enabling long‐term behavioral analysis. To validate the performance of our algorithm, ~2000 video frames were randomly chosen. We manually counted the number of clusters of mice in these frames and compared them with the number of blobs automatically detected by the algorithm. The results indicated a high level of consistency, exceeding 90% across the selected video frames. Initial observations of both male and female groups suggested some variations in huddling behavior among male and female groups; however, these results should be interpreted cautiously due to a small sample. Group behavior is known to be disrupted in several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism. Various mouse models of these disorders have been proposed. Our measurement system, when combined with drug or genetic modification screening, could provide a valuable tool for high‐throughput analyses of huddling behavior.
Reducing the use of psychotropics in a convalescent rehabilitation ward
Authors: Uematsu Takuya , Tomita Takashi , Obara Ryo , Gonai Takuya , Hattori Koshi , Aonuma Takanori , Usui Kensuke , Tanifuji Hiroaki , Ishizawa Fumiaki , Ishii Hiroshi , Suzuki Eiji 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsMany patients who are transferred to the convalescent rehabilitation ward of Kawasaki Kokoro Hospital (hereinafter, our hospital) are on psychotropics prescribed for delirium by their physicians at acute care hospitals. In this study, psychiatrists and pharmacists collaborated with rehabilitation physicians to reduce the use of psychotropics.MethodsThe basic information and psychotropics prescription statuses of 88 patients discharged from the convalescent rehabilitation ward of our hospital between April 1, 2021 and March 31, 2022 were derived from their medical records.ResultsAt admission, psychotropics were prescribed to 55 patients and the number of prescribed drugs was 2 (median). At discharge, psychotropics were prescribed to 41 patients and the number of prescribed drugs was 1 (median), showing a significant decrease (p < 0.05). Compared with those at admission, prescribed psychotropic doses at discharge were significantly higher for lemborexant but significantly lower for antipsychotics, benzodiazepine/nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics, antidepressants, suvorexant, ramelteon, and sodium valproate (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThese results suggest that it may be possible to reduce the types and doses of psychotropics prescribed at acute care hospitals in convalescent rehabilitation wards. However, further investigation is needed because the number of patients in this study was limited, and selection bias due to different patient characteristics cannot be ruled out.
Radiotherapy and long‐term sequelae in pediatric patients with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma: Results of two Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS) trials and one registry
Authors: Sparber‐Sauer Monika , Dietzschold Maximilian , Schönstein Anton , Heinz Amadeus , Vokuhl Christian , Pajtler Kristian W. , Harrabi Semi , Lin Yi‐Lan , Kalle Thekla von , Hagen Rudolf , Ladenstein Ruth , Kazanowska Bernarda , Ljungman Gustaf , Klingebiel Thomas , Ebinger Martin , Koscielniak Ewa , Münter Marc , Timmermann Beate ,   the CWS Study Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundParameningeal location of rhabdomyosarcoma (PM RMS) is known to be an unfavorable prognostic factor. Scarce data are available on radiotherapy (RT) concepts with regard to outcome.MethodsTreatment and outcome of 395 children with PM RMS registered within two Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS) trials and one registry (1995–2021) were evaluated.ResultsPatients were IRS group II (n = 15) and III (n = 380) and received systemic treatment according to the enrolled protocols: I2VA (n = 172), VAIA/CEVAIE (n = 223). Delayed resection was performed in 88/395 (22%) patients, and RT was additionally given in 79/88 (90%) resected patients. RT was the predominant local treatment in 355/395 (90%) patients: hyperfractionated accelerated photon (HART; n = 77), conventionally fractionated photon (n = 91) or proton beam (n = 126), brachytherapy (n = 4), heavy ions (n = 1), not available (n = 56). In the subgroup of RT as only local treatment (n = 278), no intracranial tumor extension and complete remission at end of treatment were significant positive prognostic factors. No significant difference on tumor outcome was seen between different radiotherapy concepts. Long‐term toxicity with mostly endocrinological and visual deficiencies was reported in 161/279 (58%) surviving patients with a lower trend after proton beam RT (48%) when compared to HART or conventionally fractionated photon RT (71% and 72%, respectively). Ten‐year event‐free and overall survival in the overall group were 62% (±5, 95% confidence interval [CI]) and 67% (±5, 95% CI); in the RT‐only group 67% (±6, 95% CI) and 71% (±6, 95% CI), respectively.ConclusionCWS data confirm the recent RT concept in PM RMS. Long‐term sequelae as endocrinological and visual deficiencies need to be addressed.
Aboriginal children with cancer: The patient and healthcare worker perspective
Authors: Jessop Sophie , Hill Shandelle , Bicanin Kon , Day Tanya , Turner Jess , O'Connell Megan , Highfold Rose , Revesz Tom 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere are inequitable health outcomes for Aboriginal children with cancer. A quality improvement audit performed at our institution through interviews with families and healthcare workers has highlighted individual, systematic and cultural barriers to equitable and culturally safe healthcare for Aboriginal patients, in addition to facilitators and recommendations for improvements.
Singularity Free Star Model Characterized by Quintessence Field in Quadratic f(Q)$f(Q)$ Gravity
Authors: Bhar Piyali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the context of the theory of gravity, a spherically symmetric quintessence DE model in this article is offered. For this reason, has the formula , where Q stands for the non‐metricity scalar and ‘a’ is the coupling constant for modified gravity has been taken into account. It is supposed that the quintessence field defined by the parameter , where , controls the energy‐momentum tensor of the underlying fluid distribution. The relationship between several physical parameters for the selected values of ‘a’, by choosing the metric potentials suggested by the Krori‐Barua [Krori and Barua; J. Phys. A, Math. Gen. 8: 508, 1975] is investigated. Further, a number of analyses in detail to examine the physical validity of the proposed stellar model are carried out. The consequences of the compact star system caused by the connection of matter and geometry are succinctly described. The maximum allowable mass and radius for our present model for different values of ‘a’ have been studied by and curve. One can recover the usual general relativity (GR) standard results for .
Disease control outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy or moderate hypo‐fractionation for prostate cancer: Real‐world experience at two Canadian centers
Authors: Hu Hsin‐pei , Anagnostopoulos Gregory , Gouran‐Savadkoohi Mohammad , Dayes Ian , Ishkanian Adrian , Hallock Abhirami , Lukka Himanshu , Quan Kimmen , Schnarr Kara , Cuthbert David , Goldberg Mira , Chang Yi Meng , Tsakiridis Theodoros 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdvantages of using stereotactic body radiation therapy to treat prostate cancer include short treatment times, decreased costs, and limited toxicity. Randomized trial outcomes comparing 5‐fraction stereotactic body radiation therapy to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy or hypo‐fractionated radiation therapy are pending.ObjectiveWe report the 10‐year experience with 5‐fraction stereotactic body radiation therapy and hypo‐fractionated radiation therapy at two Canadian centers.Material and MethodsPatients with low‐ or intermediate‐risk prostate cancer treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy alone (35–40 Gy in 5 fractions) or hypo‐fractionated radiation therapy alone (60–62 Gy in 20 fractions) in the period of July 2010 and June 2020. The biochemical relapse‐free survival, PSA nadir, interval time to PSA nadir, time to biochemical recurrence (2 ng/ml above PSA nadir) and overall survival were reviewed. Outcomes between treatment groups were compared after propensity‐matching by patient baseline characteristics. Kaplan‐Meier curves were used to assess biochemical relapse‐free survival and overall survival.ResultsWe identified 205 and 513 patients with low or intermediate‐risk prostate cancer who were treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy or hypo‐fractionation, respectively. Intermediate‐risk category composed 81% and 95% of the stereotactic body radiation therapy and hypo‐fractionated radiation therapy cohorts, respectively. After a median follow up of 58.6 months for the stereotactic body radiation therapy cohort and 45.0 months for the hypo‐fractionated cohort, biochemical relapse‐free survival and overall survival were not significantly different between treatment groups. The 5‐year biochemical relapse‐free survival rates were 92.1% and 93.6% and overall survival rates were 96.4% and 95.0% for the stereotactic body radiation therapy and hypo‐fractionated cohorts, respectively, after propensity‐matching. Stereotactic body radiation therapy resulted in a significantly lower PSA nadir (0.18 ng/ml) compared to hypo‐fractionated radiation therapy (0.48 ng/ml) in patients with low‐risk prostate cancer. Mean time to biochemical recurrence was not different between treatment groups.ConclusionsStereotactic body radiation therapy is an effective treatment option for low and intermediate‐risk prostate cancer with encouraging biochemical relapse‐free survival and overall survival rates comparable with hypo‐fractionated radiation therapy.
SLAM (CD150) receptor homologous peptides block the peste des petits ruminants virus entry into B95a cells
Authors: Agrawal Aditya , Varshney Rajat , Gattani Anil , Kirthika Perumalraja , Gupta Rohini , Kumar Deepak , Singh Rabindra Prasad , Singh Praveen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe fusion of haemagglutinin‐neuraminidase (HN) protein of peste des petits ruminant (PPR) virus with signaling lymphocyte activation molecules (SLAM) host cell receptor consequences the virus entry and multiplication inside the host cell. The use of synthetic SLAM homologous peptides (i.e., molecular decoy for HN protein of PPR virus) may check PPR infection at the preliminary stage. Hence, the predicted SLAM homologous peptides using bioinformatics tools were synthesized by solid phase chemistry with standard Merrifield's 9‐fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) chemistry and were purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. The secondary structures of synthesized peptides were elucidated by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The in vitro interactions of these peptides were studied through indirect Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and visual surface plasmon UV‐visible spectroscopy. The SLAM homologous peptides were able to interact with the peste des petits ruminant virus (PPRV) with varying binding efficiency. The interaction of SLAM homologous peptide with the PPR virus was ascertained by the change in the plasmon color from red wine to purple during visual detection and also by bathochromic shift in absorbance spectra under UV‐visible spectrophotometry. The cytotoxic and anti‐PPRV effect of these peptides were also evaluated in B95a cell line using PPR virus (Sungri/96). The cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) value of each peptide was greater than 1000 μg mL−1. The anti‐PPRV efficiency of SLAM‐22 was relatively high among SLAM homologous peptides, SLAM‐22 at 25 μg mL−1 concentration showed a reduction of more than log10 3 virus titer by priming of B95a cell line while the use of SLAM‐15 and Muco‐17 at the same concentration dropped virus titer from log10 4.8 to log10 2.5 and log10 3.1 respectively. The concentration of SLAM homologous peptide (25 μg mL−1) to exert its anti‐PPRV effect was much less than its CC50 level (>1000 μg mL−1). Therefore, the synthetic SLAM homologous peptides may prove to be better agents to target PPRV.