bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hoechst‐Modification on Oligodeoxynucleotides for Efficient Transport to the Cell Nucleus and Gene Regulation
Authors: Makanai Hiroki , Nishihara Tatsuya , Nishikawa Makiya , Tanabe Kazuhito 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVarious artificial oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) that contribute to gene regulation have been developed and their diversity and multifunctionality have been demonstrated. However, few artificial ODNs are actively transported to the cell nucleus, despite the fact that gene regulation also takes place in both the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm. In this study, to prepare ODNs with the ability to accumulate in the cell nucleus, we introduced Hoechst molecules into ODNs that act as carriers of functional molecules to the cell nucleus (Hoe‐ODNs). We synthesized Hoe‐ODNs and confirmed that they bound strongly to DNA duplexes. When single‐stranded Hoe‐ODNs or double‐stranded ODNs consisting of Hoe‐ODNs and its complementary strand were administered into living cells, both ODNs were efficiently accumulated in the cell nucleus. In addition, antisense ODNs, which were tethered with Hoechst unit, were delivered into the cell nucleus and efficiently suppressed the expression of their target RNA. Thus, we constructed a delivery system that enables the transport of ODNs into cell nucleus.
Having a carotid in the throat: A rare case of internal carotid medialization‐induced dysphonia
Authors: De Stercke Antoine , Dequanter Didier , Rodriguez Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessagePositional anomalies of the internal carotid artery are common. Often asymptomatic, they can cause dysphagia or dysphonia and can represent an important surgical risk. Knowing their existence is, therefore, essential for the ENT specialist.AbstractAberrant positions of the extracranial internal carotid artery (eICA) affect between 10 and 40% of the population and can present several forms that can bring them close to the pharyngeal walls. Although usually asymptomatic, some aberrant positions of eICA may cause symptoms such as cough or dysphagia but rarely dysphonia. Depending on their location, they can also represent a great risk during oro/hypopharyngeal interventions or intubations. We report here the case of a 72‐year‐old patient who presented for a first consultation with a little progressive chronic dysphonia without associated dysphagia or cough. The nasofibrostroboscopy revealed a pulsatile retrocricoid mass pushing the right arytenoid forward. Otherwise, the clinical examination of the ENT sphere was normal. A cervicofacial CT scan revealed a major medialization of the right carotid bifurcation and the eICA located within the retropharyngeal fatty space and causing a mass effect pushing forward and downward the right arytenoid and the piriform sinus, resulting in a loss of horizontality of the glottic plane. Given the absence of life‐threatening complications and the associated risk of surgery, no treatment was proposed. A follow‐up was established after discussion with the patient. The aim of this study was to describe a rare case of isolated dysphonia caused by right internal carotid medialization with mass effect on the arytenoid cartilage. It seems important for ENT to know these rare causes of dysphonia and/or dysphagia due to anatomical variations of eICA in order to avoid the operative risks associated with possible future therapeutic procedures in these patients.
A case report of anorexia nervosa in a 23‐year‐old Ethiopian woman
Authors: Tessema Selamawit Alemayehu , Megersa Surafel Worku , Abebe Meskerem , Ayalew Hailegiorgis Getnet , Tigabu Melat 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessagesLimited studies on AN in Africa, including Ethiopia. Internet and media have changed body image portrayal in developing countries. A need for a multidisciplinary approach to treatment, training on positive coaching styles, and future research.AbstractThe Global Burden of Disease had estimated anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa to be 13.6 million people. The lifetime prevalence of AN ranges from 2.4 to 4.3 percent. During their lifetime, up to 4% of females and up to 0.3% of males suffer from anorexia nervosa. Studies assessing AN in Africa, including Ethiopia, are limited. This case report describes a 23‐year‐old female patient who presented with anorectic symptoms and signs in Ethiopia. This case report describes a 23‐year‐old female patient who participated in sports activities. She had a low body weight based on a BMI of 13.15 kg/m2 and lost around 10 kg within the past 6 months. She feared gaining weight or becoming fat, thus restricting food intake. The findings on psychiatric evaluation encompassing detailed history and mental state examination suggested the diagnosis of Extreme anorexia nervosa, restricting type; adult malnutrition; major depressive disorder (MDD) (in remission); low risk of aggression; low risk of suicide; severe functional impairment. The general management principles implemented in this patient included assessment of medical complications, weight restoration, psychological intervention, medication for comorbid depression, and long‐term psychological and biological treatment follow‐up to avoid relapse. The presented case of a 23‐year‐old Ethiopian female patient who is athletic shows weight‐controlled sports activities and the manifestation of anorexia nervosa. Easy access to the Internet and media has changed body image portrayal in developing countries including Ethiopia. There is a need for a multidisciplinary approach involving psychiatrists, psychologists, internists, and nutritionists for the management of AN. The early screening and management of medical complications are crucial. There is a need for close monitoring of vital signs, restriction of caffeine, excess fluid, and salt, and limiting excessive exercise. Furthermore, to assess micronutrient deficiencies, vitamin supplements should be prescribed in the form of multivitamin and thiamine preparations. The need for future training about positive coaching styles for coaches is mandatory to reduce the future impacts on young athletes. There is a need for future research on eating disorders in developing countries such as Ethiopia.
In situ Generation of Aldehydes for Subsequent Biocatalytic Cascade Reactions in Whole Cells
Authors: Suchy Lydia , Rudroff Florian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAldehydes represent valuable precursors for chemical compounds. However, the incorporation of aldehydes in whole‐cell‐based synthetic enzyme cascades is problematic. Due to their toxicity, they are metabolized to the corresponding alcohols or carboxylic acids by the host enzymatic background. Previous research has shown that these endogenous side reactions can be reversed by alcohol dehydrogenase (AlkJ, Pseudomonas putida) and carboxylic acid reductase (CARNi, Nocardia iowensis) in Escherichia coli. Thereby, the aldehyde is available for further enzymatic conversion to a product of choice. Three different enzymes were incorporated into the concept for the transformation of the aldehyde intermediate: A pyruvate decarboxylase (PDCApE469Q, Acetobacter pasteurianus), ω‐transaminase (ω‐TAVf, Vibrio fluvialis) and imine reductase (IREDCf, Cystobacter ferrugineus). (R)‐Phenylacetylcarbinol and a range of primary and secondary amines were obtained as final products. Either the alcohol, the carboxylic acid or a 50 : 50 mixture could be employed as starting material.
Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Rechargeable Zn−air Batteries Derived from Ni‐modified Prussian Blue
Authors: Wu Haihua , Zhai Juanjuan , Wu Feng , Wu Jiahao , Li Yudan , Xu Xin , Gao Yunfang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rational design and exploration of efficient, low‐cost and durable bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are key to the development of rechargeable metal−air batteries. Here, we report a novel approach to in‐situ synthesize Fe0.64Ni0.36 nanoalloy encapsulated in nitrogen‐doped porous carbon nanotubes (FeNi@N−CNTs) as bifunctional electrocatalyst derived from Ni‐modified Prussian blue, on which the ORR/OER can be promoted by the N−CNTs surface due to the electron modulation caused by electron transfer from the inner FeNi nanoalloy to the N−CNTs surface. The abundant wide‐size range of mesopores in N−CNTs can offer rapid mass transport channels to facilitate the catalytic reactions. In addition, the encapsulation structure endows the outer N−CNTs acting as a “shield” to prevent the inner FeNi nanoalloy from corrosion in strong basic medium. Thanks to the synergistic effect between the N−CNTs and FeNi nanoalloy, the obtained FeNi@N−CNTs exhibits excellent bifunctional oxygen catalytic activity together with outstanding performance and cycling durability in rechargeable Zn−air battery. This work will open new avenues for the development of advanced bifunctional electrocatalysts for other metal−air batteries.
Synthesis of Heteroarylated Pyridines via a Double C−H Bond Functionalization using Palladium‐catalyzed 1,4‐Migration Combined with Direct Arylation
Authors: Niyaz Vellala Syed Ali Mohamed , Liu Linhao , Ravi Monika , Doucet Henri 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe C−H bond functionalization of pyridyl C3‐position of 4‐arylpyridines using Pd 1,4‐migration has been investigated. Under suitable reaction conditions, oxidative addition of 4‐(2‐bromoaryl)pyridines to palladium followed by a Pd 1,4‐migration activates these pyridyl C3‐positions. Next, the Pd‐catalyzed coupling via C−H bond activation of the heteroarenes affords the C3‐heteroarylated 4‐arylpyridines. The new C−C bond created in this coupling reaction results from the functionalization of two C−H bonds. For this coupling reaction, a bromo‐substituent on the aryl unit of 4‐arylpyridines was employed as a traceless directing group. This heteroarylation method tolerates a range of substituents on the benzene ring as well as several heteroarenes. Moreover, from 3‐arylpyridines, C2‐ or C4‐functionalization of the pyridine ring also proved possible. In addition, this procedure uses an air‐stable catalyst and an inexpensive base.
Exploring the Influence of the Phosphorus‐Heteroatom Substitution in Nicotine on Its Electronic and Vibrational Spectroscopic Properties
Authors: Taherivardanjani Shima , Wylie Luke , Dötzer Reinhard , Kirchner Barbara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe influence of phosphorus substitution of nitrogen in heterocyclic compounds on the vibrational spectroscopy as well as frontier molecular orbitals are analyzed. Nicotine with two nitrogen atoms in its structure is taken as the sample system to be studied computationally. By replacing the nitrogen atom in one or both rings of this molecule with phosphorus, three nicotine derivatives are created. The vibrational circular dichroism and infrared spectra of these four molecules in their monomer state, as well as the assemblies up to trimers are determined. The aforementioned spectra are calculated using static quantum chemical calculations employing a cluster‐weighted approach. The calculated gas phase spectra of nicotine are compared to their respective experimental spectra. It is observed that the nicotine derivatives with phosphorus in the methylpyrrolidine ring have considerably different gas phase and bulk phase vibrational circular dichroism spectra when compared to nicotine. The phosphorus substitution reduces the energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital as well as altering the polarizability and reactivity of the investigated molecules.
Merging Photocatalytic Doubly‐Decarboxylative Csp2−Csp2 Cross‐Coupling for Stereo‐Selective (E)‐α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Synthesis
Authors: Mondal Subal , Midya Siba P. , Mondal Soumya , Das Suman , Ghosh Pradyut 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA photocatalytic domain of doubly decarboxylative Csp2−Csp2 cross coupling reaction is disclosed. Merging iridium and palladium photocatalysis manifested carbon‐carbon bonds in a tandem dual‐radical pathway. Present catalytic platform efficiently cross‐coupled α, β‐unsaturated acids and α‐keto acids to afford a variety of α, β‐unsaturated ketones with excellent (E)‐selectivity and functional group tolerance. Mechanistically, photocatalyst implicated through reductive quenching cycle whereas cross coupling proceeded over one electron oxidative pallado‐cycle.
Quo Vadis CO2 Activation: Catalytic Reduction of CO2 to Methanol Using Aluminum and Gallium/Carbon‐based Ambiphiles
Authors: Krämer Felix , Paradies Jan , Fernández Israel , Breher Frank 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report on so‐called “hidden FLPs” (FLP: frustrated Lewis pair) consisting of a phosphorus ylide featuring a group 13 fragment in the ortho position of a phenyl ring scaffold to form five‐membered ring structures. Although the formation of the Lewis acid/base adducts was observed in the solid state, most of the title compounds readily react with carbon dioxide to provide stable insertion products. Strikingly, 0.3–3.0 mol% of the reported aluminum and gallium/carbon‐based ambiphiles catalyze the reduction of CO2 to methanol with satisfactory high selectivity and yields using pinacol borane as stoichiometric reduction equivalent. Comprehensive computational studies provided valuable mechanistic insights and shed more light on activity differences.
Large‐Area Gravure‐Printed AgNWs Electrode on Water/Oxygen Barrier Substrate for Long‐Term Stable Large‐Area Flexible Organic Solar Cells†
Authors: Wang Hao , Pan Yaqin , Han Yunfei , Chen Zhuo , Liu Tianyu , Zhang Lianping , Luo Qun , Ma Chang‐Qi 
Published: November 2023

Comprehensive SummaryLarge‐area AgNWs electrodes (25 cm × 10 cm) were fabricated through roll‐to‐roll printing on the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) modified water and oxygen barrier substrate. The modification of the barrier film with PVA improved the wettability of silver nanowires on the barrier films and led to the formation of homogenous large‐area AgNWs networks. The mechanical flexibility, especially the adhesion force between the silver electrode and the barrier film substrate was dramatically improved through PVA modification. The efficiency of 13.51% for the flexible OSCs with an area of 0.64 cm2 was achieved based on the PET/barrier film/PVA/AgNWs electrode. The long‐term stability showed the flexible OSCs based on the PET/barrier film/PVA/AgNWs electrode have a significantly improved stability relative to the device on PET/AgNWs electrode, and comparable air stability as the rigid device with glass/ITO device. The unencapsulated devices maintained nearly 50% of the original efficiency after storage for 600 h in air. After a simple top encapsulation, the flexible devices remained at 60% of the initial efficiency after 2000 h in the air. Therefore, the flexible AgNWs electrode based on the barrier film would have the potential to improve the air storage stability of organic flexible solar cells.
Immunohistochemical phenotype of sensory neurons associated with sympathetic plexuses in the trigeminal ganglia of adult nerve growth factor transgenic mice
Authors: Alsaadi Hanin , Peller Jacob , Ghasemlou Nader , Kawaja Michael D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFollowing peripheral nerve injury, postganglionic sympathetic axons sprout into the affected sensory ganglia and form perineuronal sympathetic plexuses with somata of sensory neurons. This sympathosensory coupling contributes to the onset and persistence of injury‐induced chronic pain. We have documented the presence of similar sympathetic plexuses in the trigeminal ganglia of adult mice that ectopically overexpress nerve growth factor (NGF), in the absence of nerve injury. In this study, we sought to further define the phenotype(s) of these trigeminal sensory neurons having sympathetic plexuses in our transgenic mice. Using quantitative immunofluorescence staining analyses, we show that the invading sympathetic axons specifically target sensory somata immunopositive for several biomarkers: NGF high‐affinity receptor tyrosine kinase A (trkA), calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), neurofilament heavy chain (NFH), and P2X purinoceptor 3 (P2X3). Based on these phenotypic characteristics, the majority of the sensory somata surrounded by sympathetic plexuses are likely to be NGF‐responsive nociceptors (i.e., trkA expressing) that are peptidergic (i.e., CGRP expressing), myelinated (i.e., NFH expressing), and ATP sensitive (i.e., P2X3 expressing). Our data also show that very few sympathetic plexuses surround sensory somata expressing other nociceptive (pain) biomarkers, including substance P and acid‐sensing ion channel 3. No sympathetic plexuses are associated with sensory somata that display isolectin B4 binding. Though the cellular mechanisms that trigger the formation of sympathetic plexus (with and without nerve injury) remain unknown, our new observations yield an unexpected specificity with which invading sympathetic axons appear to target a precise subtype of nociceptors. This selectivity likely contributes to pain development and maintenance associated with sympathosensory coupling.
Ab initio Modeling of Hydrogen Bonding of Remdesivir and Adenosine with Uridine
Authors: Vishwakarma Kamini , Ravi Satyam , Mittal Sumit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRemdesivir (RDV) emerged as an effective drug against the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus pandemic. One of the crucial steps in the mechanism of action of RDV is its incorporation into the growing RNA strand. RDV, an adenosine analogue, forms Watson‐Crick (WC) type hydrogen bonds with uridine in the complementary strand and the strength of this interaction will control efficacy of RDV. While there is a plethora of structural and energetic information available about WC H‐bonds in natural base pairs, the interaction of RDV with uridine has not been studied yet at the atomic level. In this article, we aim to bridge this gap, to understand RDV and its hydrogen bonding interactions, by employing density functional theory (DFT) at the M06‐2X/cc‐pVDZ level. The interaction energy, QTAIM analysis, NBO and SAPT2 are performed for RDV, adenosine, and their complex with uridine to gain insights into the nature of hydrogen bonding. The computations show that RDV has similar geometry, energetic, molecular orbitals, and aromaticity as adenosine, suggesting that RDV is an effective adenosine analogue. The important geometrical parameters, such as bond distances and red‐shift in the stretching vibrational modes of adenosine, RDV and uridine identify two WC‐type H‐bonds. The relative strength of these two H‐bonds is computed using QTAIM parameters and the computed hydrogen bond energy. Finally, the SAPT2 study is performed at the minima and at non‐equilibrium base pair distances to understand the dominant intermolecular physical force. This study, based on a thorough analysis of a variety of computations, suggests that both adenosine and RDV have similar structure, energetic, and hydrogen bonding behaviour.
Self‐rated personality disorder symptoms do not predict treatment outcome for posttraumatic stress disorder in routine clinical care
Authors: van den End Arne , Beekman Aartjan T. F. , Dekker Jack , Thomaes Kathleen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that self‐rated personality disorder (PD) symptoms are a significant and clinically relevant predictor of treatment outcomes in a naturalistic treatment setting specialized in trauma‐focused treatment using a single‐group pretest–posttest design.MethodTreatment‐seeking patients reporting clinical levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms filled out questionnaires at intake and after treatment. The primary outcome was change in PTSD severity after treatment, measured by the PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5). PD symptoms were measured with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐5 Screening Personality Questionnaire (SCID‐5‐SPQ). Secondary outcomes were general mental health problems, treatment response, number of sessions and dropout.ResultsN = 1174 patients (59% female, baseline PCL‐5 score M [SD] = 53.0 [10.8]) were included for the primary analysis. Regression analysis revealed that PD symptoms explained 0.4% of variance in PTSD symptom change (p = .066). After controlling for baseline PTSD symptoms, PD symptoms explained 0.0% of variance (p = .311). The fully adjusted model including baseline PTSD symptom severity, age, gender, cumulative exposure to potentially traumatic experiences, PD symptoms, and number of sessions together explained 5% of the observed variance in PTSD symptom change. Baseline PTSD severity was the only significant predictor and negatively predicted outcome. Sensitivity analyses with imputed data from N = 2694 cases yielded comparable results. Finally, secondary analyses showed that PD symptoms did not predict significant or clinically relevant changes in treatment response status, general mental health problems, dropout rates or number of sessions.ConclusionThe findings provide no evidence that self‐rated PD symptoms predict treatment outcomes for patients suffering from clinical levels of PTSD symptoms in a naturalistic treatment setting specializing in trauma‐focused treatment. Self‐report screening for these symptoms to inform clinicians about expected effects of PTSD treatment is not supported by the evidence.
A statistical method of GPS spoofing detection using power spectral density for hardware
Authors: Tanış Mustafa , Erhan Yalçın Müştak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLocation and navigation information has become an important part of our lives. GPS data is vital in many areas from transportation to economy, from energy to security. The alteration of this information can have deleterious downstream effects that cannot be reversed. Today, it is possible to attack GPS data with accessible hardware and open source software. In this paper, the signal obtained with the help of a transceiver that samples the high frequency RF signals down to the intermediate frequency was compared with the RMS value by windowing over PSD. Then this data was statistically analyzed with the NIST runs test. In order to realize GPS signal spoofing in a short time that after GPS receiver lock the spoofing signal, field programmable gates connected to the transceiver were used. The results obtained varied according to the dimensions of the windowing process, and it was understood that the window size was in a correlation with the detection of deception in a short time. The suggested method's key benefit is its simplicity, which makes it adaptable to various GNSS systems.
Annual banned‐substance review 16th edition—Analytical approaches in human sports drug testing 2022/2023
Authors: Thevis Mario , Kuuranne Tiia , Geyer Hans 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this 16th edition of the annual banned‐substance review on analytical approaches in human sports drug testing, literature on recent developments in this particular section of global anti‐doping efforts that was published between October 2022 and September 2023 is summarized and discussed. Most recent additions to the continuously growing portfolio of doping control analytical approaches and investigations into analytical challenges in the context of adverse analytical findings are presented, taking into account existing as well as emerging challenges in anti‐doping, with specific focus on substances and methods of doping recognized in the World Anti‐Doping Agency's 2023 Prohibited List. As in previous years, focus is put particularly on new or enhanced analytical options in human doping controls, appreciating the exigence and core mission of anti‐doping and, equally, the conflict arising from the opposingly trending extent of the athlete's exposome and the sensitivity of instruments nowadays commonly available in anti‐doping laboratories.