bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting dysphagia meals for acceptance among a broader group of older adults
Authors: Honnens de Lichtenberg Broge Eva , Wendin Karin , Bredie Wender L. P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAcceptance of texture‐modified meals in healthy older adults with pre‐clinical symptoms of dysphagia may facilitate gradually transitioning to a soft diet. Little is known about the sensory attractiveness of such meals in home living older adults. This study aimed to examine liking among a group of healthy, independent older adults for texture modified chicken breasts and gravy. A secondary aim was to evaluate liking in relation to olfactory‐ and taste function. Texture‐modified chicken breasts were prepared to appear identical to the unmodified chicken breasts. This is a new approach which aims to improve visual appearance of the meal compared to existing texture‐modified meals. Ordinary chicken breasts obtained significantly higher liking scores across all sensory parameters compared to the texture‐modified products. Texture modified chicken breasts need further adjustment for a broad acceptance. Adding flavor‐enhanced gravy did not change the liking pattern. This study supports the notion that texture plays a central role for meal acceptance.Practical ApplicationsHealthy older adults find the modified texture of chicken breasts acceptable. The unique technique applied to modify the texture uses fresh ingredients while offering improved flavor and appearance, which increases the acceptability of meals in a social context. These meals represent an acceptable alternative for older adults in a preclinical state of dysphagia who require meals comparable to unmodified chicken breasts.
Experiences of general home visiting nurses regarding patients with suicidal ideation in Japan: Results from semi‐structured interviews
Authors: Chijiiwa Tomoko , Ishimura Kayoko 
Published: January 2024

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

The leading reason for suicide attempts in Japan is health problems, among which depression is the most common, followed by physical illnesses.

Patients with physical illness and suicide ideation are not rare among patients receiving home‐based care.

General home visiting nurses (GHVNs) without knowledge, skills or experience in psychiatric care are required to provide care for patients with physical illness who are at risk of suicide in Japan.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

More detailed understanding of GHVNs' experiences and perspectives on working with suicidal patients in home care.

This study enriches our understanding of how suicide prevention strategies should be developed for GHVNs.

What are the implications for practice?

Focusing education on therapeutic communication skills and meanings with relationships with patients is required by GHVNs.

Training for suicide risk assessment and guidelines appropriate to GHVNs' situation is crucial.

Establishing a liaison service system with a multidisciplinary team, including psychiatric home‐visiting nurses, is necessary for home healthcare to achieve continuity of care.

AbstractIntroductionIn Japan, even a general home visiting nurse (GHVN) lacking psychiatric experience and training can provide home nursing care to patients at risk of suicide. Little attention is given to nursing care for suicide by GHVNs who care for patients with physical illness. However, these patients with suicidal ideation for home care are surprisingly common.Aim/QuestionWe explored the experiences of GHVNs who cared for patients with suicidal ideation and focused on the nurses' perceptions and interactions.MethodWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with 15 GHVNs. We discussed the nurses' experiences caring for patients with suicidal ideation, their perceptions during these interactions and their response.ResultsGeneral home visiting nurses were perplexed upon learning of the patient's suicidal ideation. They interacted with such patients by ‘avoiding the core of the matter’ while focusing on maintaining a relationship with them.DiscussionNot addressing the patient's suicidal thoughts will not only disable the suicide risk assessment but also lead to patient isolation. Suicide prevention care needs to consider the unique characteristics of home care.Implications for PracticeGeneral home visiting nurses require training in suicide risk assessment and communication skills. Establishing a liaison service, including psychiatric home visiting nurses, is necessary to achieve continuity of care.
Urban wind field prediction based on sparse sensors and physics‐informed graph‐assisted auto‐encoder
Authors: Gao Huanxiang , Hu Gang , Zhang Dongqin , Jiang Wenjun , Tse K. T. , Kwok K. C. S. , Kareem Ahsan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe urban flow wind field is a critical element for downstream research, such as mitigation of urban wind disasters, assessment of urban wind environment, and urban drone route planning. However, it is impractical to arrange a large number of sensors to monitor an urban wind flow field. Hence, acquiring the entire urban wind flow field via sparse sensors would be highly valuable. To date, no scheme including deep learning (DL) model has been specifically designed for this purpose. This study presents an innovative approach to reconstruct complex high‐resolution urban wind fields based on sparse sensors, using a physics‐informed graph neural network (GNN)‐assisted auto‐encoder. The proposed method leverages the relationship between sensors and their surrounding environment enabled by deep mining capabilities of GNNs. As a result, the utilization and emphasis on sparse sensors data are significantly enhanced. The continuity equation of fluid flow is incorporated into the loss function of the convolution neural network to improve the stability and performance of the model. The findings suggest that, in contrast to prevalent generative DL models, the proposed model yields an approximate 50% reduction in root mean square error for reconstructing high‐resolution urban wind fields for multiple wind attack angles.
A rare case of dialysis associated reaction presenting with urticarial vasculitis and haemoglobinuria
Authors: Jayaprakash Varadharajan , Mathew Gerry George , Muthukarupiah Suganya , Sailapathy Sreedhar , Ramakrishnan Ramachandran 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDialysis associated reactions presenting with urticarial vasculitis is rarely reported in medical literature. We report a 61‐year‐old gentleman who developed sudden onset dyspnea with diffuse erythema within 20 min of haemodialysis. Patient was started on Azilsartan 3 days prior to this clinical event. Labs revealed features of hemolysis and urine was positive for hemoglobinuria. All dialysis related factors responsible for this reaction were ruled out. Due to non‐resolution of skin rash, skin biopsy was attempted which revealed fibrinoid necrosis of occasional vessels with predominant lymphocytic infiltration suggestive of drug induced urticarial vasculitis. Complement levels were normal. He was managed with steroids, anti‐histaminic, discontinuation of azilsartan and change of dialyzer membrane. This case highlights a rare dermatological presentation of Type A dialysis associated reaction involving azilsartan with differential diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Searching new targets for the control of Black Rot: following the role of host factors modulating the infection process of Phyllosticta ampelicida
Authors: Tisch C. , Kortekamp A. , Nick P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Black Rot is a grapevine disease caused by the ascomycete Phyllosticta ampelicida. Neglected so far, this is developing into a pertinent problem in organic viticulture as resistant varieties are still lacking. Here, we follow cellular details of the infection process in the susceptible vinifera variety Müller‐Thurgau and screen the ancestral European wild grapevine (V. vinifera sylvestris) for resistance to Black Rot.

Using a standardized infection assay, we follow fungal development using LTSEM and quantify key stages on different hosts using fluorescence microscopy.

There is considerable variation in susceptibility, which is associated with more rapid leaf maturation. Hyphal growth on different carbon sources shows a preference for pectins over starch, cellulose or xylans. In the resistant sylvestris genotypes Ketsch 16 and Ketsch 18 we find that neither spore attachment nor appressorium formation, but hyphal elongation is significantly inhibited as compared to Müller‐Thurgau. Moreover, defence‐related oxidative burst and accumulation of phenolic compounds is stimulated in the resistant genotypes.

We arrive at a model, where more rapid maturation of the cell wall in these sylvestris genotypes sequesters pectins as major food source and thus block hyphal elongation. This paves the way for introgression of genetic factors responsible for cell wall maturation into V. vinifera to develop Black Rot‐resistant varieties of grapevine.
Drought reduces productivity and anti‐herbivore defences, but not mycorrhizal associations, of perennial prairie forbs
Authors: Duell E. B. , Baum K. A. , Wilson G. W. T. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

During drought, plants allocate resources to aboveground biomass production and belowground carbohydrate reserves, often at the expense of production of defence traits. Additionally, drought has been shown to alter floral resources, with potential implications for plant–pollinator interactions. Although soil symbionts, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, can alleviate drought stress in plants, certain levels of drought may negatively impact this relationship, with potential cascading effects.

Because of their importance to plant and animal community diversity, we examined effects of drought on biomass production, physical defence properties, nectar production, and associated AM fungal abundance of five common prairie forb species in a greenhouse study.

Reduced soil moisture decreased vegetative biomass production. Production of trichomes and latex decreased under drought, relative to well‐watered conditions. Ruellia humilis flowers produced less nectar under drought, relative to well‐watered conditions. Intra‐radical AM fungal colonization was not significantly affected by drought, although extra‐radical AM fungal biomass associated with S. azurea decreased following drought.

Overall, grassland forb productivity, defence, and nectar production were negatively impacted by moderate drought, with possible negative implications for biotic interactions. Reduced flower and nectar production may lead to fewer pollinator visitors, which may contribute to seed limitation in forb species. Reduced physical defences increase the likelihood of herbivory, further decreasing the ability to store energy for essential functions, such as reproduction. Together, these results suggest drought can potentially impact biotic interactions between plants and herbivores, pollinators, and soil symbionts, and highlights the need for direct assessments of these relationships under climate change scenarios.
Nectar‐mediated avian pollination in Cattleya (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae)
Authors: Pansarin E. R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Orchids are notable for the variety of rewards produced for their pollinators. Nevertheless, many species are rewardless and pollinated by food‐deceptive strategies. This is the case for Cattleya, a Neotropical genus of more than 100 species supposedly pollinated by food‐deception.

Here, I studied a member of the clade Sophronitis (Cattleya cernua) in forest areas of southeastern Brazil. The study included analyses of floral morphology, light microscopy of secretory tissues, histochemistry of flower resources, and measurements of nectar volume and concentration. Data on pollinators and mechanisms of pollination were collected in the field by means of film records, while breeding systems were studied using experimental treatments applied to cultivated specimens.

The flower traits of Cattleya cernua show strong adaptation to avian pollination. Flowers produce 1–7 μl of a moderately concentrated nectar (17–50%). A secretory tissue at the distal portion of the cuniculus is responsible for nectar secretion. Secreted nectar is stored in the nectar chamber. Pollinaria deposition on the apex of bird beaks allows both short‐ and long‐billed birds to pollinate the flowers. Plants from the studied population were fully self‐compatible but pollinator‐dependent. Pollinator frequency was higher than in food‐deceptive Cattleya.

As far as is known, this is the first record of nectar production in Cattleya. The discovery of a reward‐producing species (C. cernua) within a genus entirely pollinated by food‐deception strategies (Cattleya) provides clues and new insights into understanding the diversification of Laeliinae across the Neotropics.
The Psb27 Assembly Factor and Histidine‐252 of the D1 Protein Modify Energy Transfer to Photosystem II in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Authors: Forsman Jack A. , Sheridan Kevin J. , Singh Harvinder , Brown Toby J. , Vass Imre , Summerfield Tina C. , Eaton‐Rye Julian J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotosystem II (PS II) is responsible for light‐driven water splitting in oxygenic photosynthesis. The Psb27 protein, an assembly factor required for biogenesis of PS II, is found associated with hydrophilic regions of the CP43 core antenna protein in the thylakoid lumen. CP43 and the D1 reaction center protein provide ligands for the Mn4CaO5 oxygen‐evolving complex (OEC). Release of Psb27 coincides with conformational changes that enable successful light‐driven assembly of the OEC. This stage in biogenesis also requires changes to allow electron transfer between plastoquinone electron acceptors on the opposite side of the membrane. We have introduced charge‐swap mutations to target the binding of Psb27 to CP43 during assembly. Here, we show that perturbation of the Psb27‐CP43 interaction results in elevated fluorescence, indicating enhanced energy transfer to PS II in fully assembled complexes. In a Psb27:Arg78 to Glu mutant, D1:His252 spontaneously mutated to Gln. D1:His252 is in the DE loop that contributes to quinone binding and protonation. Mutations targeting D1:His252 produced mutants with elevated PS II‐specific fluorescence that exceeded that observed in our Psb27 mutants and this was attenuated when the Psb27 charge‐swap mutations were introduced into H252Q cells. Perturbation of Psb27 binding to CP43 therefore modified structural changes on the opposite side of the membrane resulting from mutation of D1:His252. The peripheral phycobilisome antenna is lost during thylakoid isolation and thylakoids from our mutants did not display the increased PS II‐specific fluorescence. Hence Psb27 binding to CP43 during photoassembly of the OEC can modify phycobilisome‐dependent energy transfer into PS II.
Clinical study on low‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of walking dysfunction following stroke through three‐dimensional gait analysis
Authors: Shu Xinxin , Yu Hong , Zhou Yuda , Zhou Siwei , Chen Bei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe recovery of walking capacity is of great significance in stroke rehabilitation. We evaluated changes in post‐stroke gait function after low‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF‐rTMS) treatment.MethodsStroke patients were randomly assigned to control (conventional treatment)/LF‐rTMS (LF‐rTMS treatment based on conventional treatment) groups. Gait spatiotemporal parameters/affected side joint motion angle/affected side dynamic parameters were analyzed by 3D gait analyses. Motor evoked potential (MEP)/central motor conduction time (CMCT) changes were detected. Correlations between MEP latency/CMCT and gait parameters after LF‐rTMS were analyzed by Pearson analysis.ResultsThe two groups exhibited boosted stride speed/frequency/length, affected side stride length/swing phase percentage/hip/knee/ankle joint plantar flexion angle, and affected side ahead ground reaction force/ upward ground reaction force (AGRF/UGRF)/ankle joint plantar flexion moment, along with reduced affected side gait period/stance phase percentage after treatment, and the LF‐rTMS group manifested better efficacy. MEP latency/CMCT of stroke patients treated with LF‐rTMS was adversely linked to stride speed, affected side stride length/swing phase percentage/knee flexion angle, AGRF and UGRF, and positively correlated with affected side stance phase percentage.ConclusionLF‐rTMS significantly improved gait spatiotemporal parameters/affected joint motion angles/neurophysiologic parameters (MEP latency/CMCT) in patients with post‐stroke walking dysfunction. MEP latency/CMCT after LF‐rTMS treatment were prominently correlated with gait parameters. Relative to the traditional scale assessment, we provided a more accurate, objective and reliable evaluation of the effects of LF‐rTMS on lower limb mobility and functional recovery effects in stroke patients from the perspective of 3D gait analysis and neurophysiology, which provided more evidence to support the clinical application of LF‐rTMS in post‐stroke walking dysfunction treatment.
Educating students about the ethical principles underlying the interpretation of infographics
Authors: Nazeer Khan Salma Banu , Bilgin Ayse Aysin , Richards Deborah , Formosa Paul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInfographics are visual storytelling techniques used to communicate complex information. However, infographics can be misleading if they are not created ethically. When universities teach how to create infographics, they often do so without emphasizing the ethical issues underlying infographics. To address this gap, we designed a study to educate statistics and data science students about the ethics of infographics by using Rest model's three stages: awareness, orientation, and intention. Students' awareness of the ethical issues underlying infographics was captured before and after sensitizing them to five ethical principles derived from the AI4People's framework applied to a data science context. The students were then exposed to scenarios with ethical dilemmas. Their identification of the ethical principles in these scenarios was measured. The results showed a significant increase in students' awareness of the ethical issues underpinning the interpretation of infographics, suggesting that ethical training of current users and future designers would be beneficial.
Acute Responses to Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia Combined With Whole-Body Cryotherapy: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Mihailovic Thibaud , Groslambert Alain , Bouzigon Romain , Feaud Simon , Millet Grégoire P. , Gimenez Philippe 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate acute psychophysiological responses to repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) combined with whole-body cryotherapy (WBC). Method: Sixteen trained cyclists performed 3 sessions in randomized order: RSH, WBC-RSH (WBC pre-RSH), and RSH-WBC (WBC post-RSH). RSH consisted of 3 sets of 5 × 10-second sprints with 20-second recovery at a simulated altitude of 3000 m. Power output, muscle oxygenation (tissue saturation index), heart-rate variability, and recovery perception were analyzed. Sleep quality was assessed on the nights following test sessions and compared with a control night using nocturnal ActiGraphy and heart-rate variability. Results: Power output did not differ between the conditions (P = .27), while the decrease in tissue saturation index was reduced for WBC-RSH compared to RSH-WBC in the last set. In both conditions with WBC, the recovery perception was higher compared to RSH (WBC-RSH: +15.4%, and RSH-WBC: +21.9%, P < .05). The number of movements during the RSH-WBC night was significantly lower than for the control night (−18.7%, P < .01) and WBC-RSH (−14.9%, P < .05). RSH led to a higher root mean square of the successive differences of R-R intervals and high-frequency band during the first hour of sleep compared to the control night (P < .05) and RSH-WBC (P < .01). Conclusions: Inclusion of WBC in an RSH session did not modify the power output but could improve prolonged performance in hypoxia by maintaining muscle oxygenation. A single RSH session did not deteriorate sleep quality. WBC, particularly when performed after RSH, positively influenced recovery perception and sleep.
“Compatriot” or “Stateless”: Iranian State-Owned Media and Social Media Depictions of Iranian Refugee Kimia Alizadeh’s Match at the Tokyo Olympic Games
Authors: Latififard Mahdi , Billings Andrew C. , Sadri Sean R. , Yadegari Amin 
Published: January 2024

The only Iranian woman to ever win an Olympic medal, Taekwondo Athlete Kimia Alizadeh, immigrated to Germany and became a refugee participant for the 2020/2021 Tokyo Games, competing against her former compatriot, teammate, and friend. This study content analyzes four Iranian media sources as they rendered the story of a former national hero-turned-refugee. A total of 15 frame categories were applied to each of the media sources: (a) Twitter (n = 5,662), (b) television (n = 103), (c) radio (n = 117), and (d) newspapers/digital-native news (n = 119). Television was found to adopt the most critical tones of Alizadeh, with social media, newspapers, and radio offering assessments that ranged from neutral to positive. Interestingly, social media and newspaper frames were significantly correlated, while other media sources were not.
Doxycycline versus cephalexin treatment of presumed streptococcal skin and soft tissue infection among adults presenting to the emergency department
Authors: Taylor Eric , Nailor Michael D. , Feider Michelle , Sullivan Shannon , Goodlet Kellie J. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Among 100 propensity score-matched emergency department patients receiving ≤14 days doxycycline versus cephalexin monotherapy for outpatient treatment of nonpurulent (presumed streptococcal) skin and soft tissue infection, a low rate of 14-day clinical failure was observed [6% each group; odds ratio (OR), 1.34 (0.21–8.69);
P
= 0.745], defined as hospital admission, i.v. antibiotic therapy, or change in oral antibiotic. Doxycycline may represent a reasonable therapeutic alternative for this indication in regions with low tetracycline resistance.