bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Device-measured stationary behaviour and cardiovascular and orthostatic circulatory disease incidence: a population cohort study of 83,013 adults
Authors: Ahmadi Matthew N. , Coenen Pieter , Straker Leon , Stamatakis Emmanuel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractImportancePrevious studies have indicated that standing maybe beneficially associated with surrogate metabolic markers, while more time spent sitting has an adverse association. Studies assessing the dose-response associations of standing, sitting, and composite stationary behaviour time with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and orthostatic circulatory disease are scarce and show an unclear picture.ObjectiveTo examine associations of daily sitting, standing, and stationary time with CVD and orthostatic circulatory disease incidenceMethodsWe used accelerometer data from 83,013 adults (mean age±SD= 61.3±7.8; Female=55.6%) from the UK Biobank to assess daily time spent sitting and standing. Major CVD was defined as coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. Orthostatic circulatory disease was defined as orthostatic hypotension, varicose vein, chronic venous insufficiency, and venous ulcers.ResultsDuring 6.9 (±0.9) years of follow-up 6,829 CVD and 2,042 orthostatic circulatory disease events occurred. When stationary time exceeded 12 hrs/day orthostatic circulatory disease risk was higher by an average HR [95% CI] of 0.22 [0.16, 0.29] per hour. Every additional hour above 10 hrs/day of sitting was associated with a 0.26 [0.18, 0.36] higher risk. Standing more than 2 hrs/day was associated with an 0.11 [0.05, 0.18] higher risk for every additional 30 min/day. For major CVD, when stationary time exceeded 12 hrs/day, risk was higher by an average of 0.13 [0.10, 0.16] per hour. Sitting time was associated with a 0.15 [0.11, 0.19] higher risk per extra hour. Time spent standing was not associated with major CVD risk.ConclusionsTime spent standing was not associated with CVD risk but was associated with higher orthostatic circulatory disease risk. Time spent sitting above 10 hours/day was associated with both higher orthostatic circulatory disease and major CVD risk. The deleterious associations of overall stationary time were primarily driven by sitting. Collectively, our findings indicate increasing standing time as a prescription may not lower major CVD risk and may lead to higher orthostatic circulatory disease risk.
Beam physics design of a superconducting linac
Authors: Wang Zhi-Jun , Liu Shu-Hui , Chen Wei-Long , Dou Wei-Ping , Qin Yuan-Shuai , He Yuan , Jia Yong-zhi , Feng Chi , Yi Man , Chu Yi-Meng , Jia Duan-Yang , Huang Jun-Ren , Zhao Hong-Wei 
Published: January 2024

The China initiative Accelerator-Driven subcritical System (CiADS) project aims to design and build the world’s first accelerator-driven subcritical system demonstration facility. The facility will attain 2.5 MW thermal power in 2026 to realize accelerator-target-reactor coupling experiments. As the first approved accelerator-driven subcritical system facility, the CiADS driver linac will adopt cutting-edge accelerator technologies to achieve the challenging goals of high beam power and high reliability. The accelerator will operate in cw mode to produce a 500 MeV, 5 mA proton beam. To meet the extremely high demands on beam availability, the linac design lays strong emphasis on beam loss control and increased fault tolerance via a novel fault-compensation method. The accelerator complex consists of a room temperature front-end section, a main linac that employs superconducting accelerator technologies, and a high-energy beam transport line. The beam-loss-oriented beam dynamics design of the driver linac complex is presented in the paper.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Optimizing the spin Hall effect in Pt-based binary alloys
Authors: McHugh Oliver L. W. , Gradhand Martin , Stewart Derek A. 
Published: January 2024

We present multicode calculations for the spin Hall effect in binary Pt-based alloys, where we explore the viability of alloying the archetype spin Hall material Pt with a large set of metals [Al, Ag, Au, Cu, Hf (hcp), Hf (fcc), Ir, Pd] in order to optimize the charge to spin current conversion for practical applications. To capture intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms in material-specific calculations, we employ different first-principles codes based on density functional theory in the framework of Green's-function-based multiple scattering approaches. Capturing the transport properties within the relativistic and fully quantum mechanical Kubo-Bastin formalism as well as the semiclassical Boltzmann approach allows for a better understanding of the microscopic physics as well as a larger set of reliable data for the key transport parameters. If available, we compare our results to experimental data, where we generally find good agreement. As we access the full concentration range, we are able to identify the optimal doping regime, which will depend on the binary alloy but generally falls within a region of 60–90 at.% of Pt. When including the unavoidable experimental residual resistivities, the maximum spin Hall angle that we identified is 13% in Al0.2Pt0.8 and Hf0.1Pt0.9, which is comparable to the best spin Hall angles experimentally found in good metal systems. The longitudinal resistivities in this regime go beyond 70µΩ cm, which is compatible with metallic-based magnetic random access memory devices.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
4D BIM integrated optimization of construction steel bar procurement plan for limited storage capacity
Authors: Khondoker Md. Tareq Hossain , Hossain Md. Mehrab , Saha Ayan 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Due to its longer length compared to other construction materials and distinctive stacking patterns, obtaining construction steel bars in congested construction sites with limited storage capacity becomes challenging. Lack of storage space in crowded places prompts the need for building steel bar storage choice optimization. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the construction steel bar procurement plan by providing when and how much rebar to order and how to stack different sizes of rebar considering limited storage capacity.

Design/methodology/approach
A novel approach has been presented in this paper by integrating 4D building information modelling (BIM) and mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). This technique uses BIM to retrieve material quantities, including rebar, during the design phase. Following that, activities are scheduled depending on the duration determined by crew productivity data and material quantity. Then, based on the prior price, the price of each unit of rebar is projected for the duration of construction using the exponential smoothing method. After that, the MILP approach is used to generate an optimal steel bar procurement plan for limited storage space following the scheduled rebar-related operations.

Findings
The developed strategy minimizes overall procurement costs and ensures the storage of rebar as per standard guidelines. An optimal rebar procurement and storage plan to construct a six-storied RC frame has been presented in this paper as a demonstrative example to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Originality/value
This work partially satisfies a long-sought research need for establishing a comprehensive construction steel bar procurement system, making it a very useful source of information for practitioners and researchers. The proposed method can be used to minimize a key performance limitation that the conventional rebar procurement practice for crowded building sites may experience.
UDS-SLAM: real-time robust visual SLAM based on semantic segmentation in dynamic scenes
Authors: Liu Jun , Dong Junyuan , Hu Mingming , Lu Xu 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Existing Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithms have been relatively well developed. However, when in complex dynamic environments, the movement of the dynamic points on the dynamic objects in the image in the mapping can have an impact on the observation of the system, and thus there will be biases and errors in the position estimation and the creation of map points. The aim of this paper is to achieve more accurate accuracy in SLAM algorithms compared to traditional methods through semantic approaches.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the semantic segmentation of dynamic objects is realized based on U-Net semantic segmentation network, followed by motion consistency detection through motion detection method to determine whether the segmented objects are moving in the current scene or not, and combined with the motion compensation method to eliminate dynamic points and compensate for the current local image, so as to make the system robust.

Findings
Experiments comparing the effect of detecting dynamic points and removing outliers are conducted on a dynamic data set of Technische Universität München, and the results show that the absolute trajectory accuracy of this paper's method is significantly improved compared with ORB-SLAM3 and DS-SLAM.

Originality/value
In this paper, in the semantic segmentation network part, the segmentation mask is combined with the method of dynamic point detection, elimination and compensation, which reduces the influence of dynamic objects, thus effectively improving the accuracy of localization in dynamic environments.
Supply chain resilience capabilities in automotive and other industries: a mixed method approach
Authors: Manuj Ila , Herburger Michael , Adana Saban 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
While, supply chain resilience (SCRES) continues to be a dominant topic in both academic and business literature and has gained more attention recently, there is limited knowledge on SCRES capabilities specific to business functions. The purpose of this paper is to identify and investigate capabilities shared between supply, operations and logistics that are most important for SCRES.

Design/methodology/approach
To address this gap, the authors followed a multi-method research approach. First, the authors used the grounded theory method to generate a theoretical framework based on interviews with 51 managers from five companies in automotive SCs. Next, the authors empirically validated the framework using a survey of 340 SC professionals from the manufacturing industry.

Findings
Five significant capabilities emerged from the qualitative study; all were significant in empirical validation. This research advances the knowledge of SCRES as it informs managerial decision-making by identifying capabilities common to supply, logistics and operations that impact SCRES.

Originality/value
This research advances the knowledge of SCRES as it informs managerial decision-making by identifying capabilities common to supply, logistics and operations that impact SCRES. In addition, the findings of this research help managers better allocate resources among significant capabilities.
Enhancing project manager communication soft skills and risk management practices in Libyan oil and gas construction projects: the role of experience
Authors: Elkbuli Mohamed , Azmy Nurhidayah , Lee Chia Kuang 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Although there has been an increase in the application of a variety of robust technologies and systems, the oil and gas sector relies on project managers’ soft skills for success because of their vital role. Therefore, this study aims to explore the profound influence of project managers’ soft communication skills on successful risk management within Libya’s oil and gas projects.

Design/methodology/approach
A review of relevant literature and a quantitative approach through the administration of a questionnaire were used to determine factors impacting risk management implementation related to managerial communication skills. A total of 246 valid responses were received from the oil and gas companies in Tripoli, Libya. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to examine the direct and moderating relationship drawn by the hypotheses.

Findings
The findings suggest that managerial soft skills may be used to improve continuous risk management processes and intra-project communication. It was found that the experience is strengthening the positive relationship between written communication soft skills and project risk management implementation among Libyan oil and gas construction projects.

Originality/value
This study defines project managers’ soft communication skills and analyzes project managers’ soft communication skills with the role of experience as a moderator. This paper presents a valuable contribution by offering original insights tailored explicitly to the Libyan context. The information presented in this paper is relevant to project managers operating within the oil and gas industry. It also offers a novel approach to risk management in the Libyan oil and gas industry that can improve project efficiency and effectiveness.
Collaborative innovation, strategic agility, & absorptive capacity adoption in SMEs: the moderating effects of customer knowledge management capability
Authors: Mata Mário Nuno , Moleiro Martins José , Inácio Pedro Leite 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between collaborative innovation and the financial performance of information technology (IT) firms through the mediating role of strategic agility and absorptive capacity. Customer knowledge management capability (CKMC) is also explored as a potential moderator.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 300 respondents working in different small to medium IT enterprises operating in different cities around Portugal. The simple random sampling method was used for data collection, and Smart partial least squares-structural equation modeling (Smart PLS-SEM version 3.2.8) was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings
The findings demonstrate that collaborative innovation contributes significantly to the financial performance of IT firms in Portugal. The results also indicate that absorptive capacity and strategic agility both positively and significantly affect the relationship between collaborative innovation and firms’ financial performance. However, while the moderating role of CKMC has a positive and significant effect on the relation between collaborative innovation and strategic agility, CKMC insignificantly moderates the relation between collaborative innovation and absorptive capacity.

Originality/value
Few studies have explicitly connected collaborative innovation with firms’ financial performance; this study attempts to fill that gap. Moreover, this research investigates the mediating role of strategic agility and absorptive capacity in the relationship between collaborative innovation and financial performance. Finally, by discussing the moderating effect of CKMC, which leads to enhanced financial performance, this study proposes that when complex and unpredictable situations occur, managers should focus on customer-oriented strategies and innovation at the same time to outpace their competitors.
One therapy to protect them all: Controlling diabetic eye disease in anterior and posterior segment via mitophagy‐activating drugs
Authors: Wood Heather , Anderson Aidan , Wimalachandra Dulani , Bouzinab Kaouthar , Rudzinska Paula , Alfahad Nada , Ganley Ian , Wallace Graham , Rauz Saaeha , Hill Lisa , Hombrebueno Jose 
Published: January 2024

Aims/Purpose: The accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic eye disease through the impairment of mitochondrial quality control (MQC). This study aimed to investigate whether mitophagy‐activating drugs can alleviate pathology in the anterior and posterior ocular tissues of type‐1 diabetic mice.Methods: Mitophagy was evaluated in corneal and retinal tissues from diabetic mitophagy reporter mice (mitoQC‐Ins2Akita). The therapeutic potential of targeting mitophagy was evaluated by treating diabetic Ins2Akita mice with PIA‐01 (a PINK1‐independent mitophagy activator). Treatment was delivered orally between 4 and 8 months of diabetes. Ocular degenerative changes were evaluated by scotopic electroretinography (ERG), along with immunohistochemical analysis of retinal neurons and corneal cytoarchitecture.Results: Indicative of deteriorated MQC, mitophagy and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) positive mitochondrial nucleoids (which contain mtDNA) significantly decreased in the cornea and retina by 8 months of diabetes. Oral delivery of PIA‐01 restored TFAM+ mitochondrial nucleoids, leading to improved visual outcomes in Ins2Akita mice. In the retina, this was reflected by improved ERG responses (e.g. increased scotopic a‐wave and b‐wave amplitudes), while also protecting retinal neurons, including cone‐photoreceptors, synaptic structures, amacrine cells and retinal ganglion cells. This protection extended to the anterior segment, where PIA‐01 rescued corneal cytoarchitecture (basal epithelium and stroma) in diabetic mice.Conclusions: Diabetes progresses with deterioration of MQC in anterior and posterior ocular tissues. Rescuing MQC via mitophagy‐activating drugs may allow for multisystem therapies to control diabetic eye disease.
PINK1‐mitophagy activator (PA‐01) overcomes mitochondrial hyperfusion conferring retinal neuroprotection in type‐1 diabetes
Authors: Anderson Aidan , Alfahad Nada , Mudiyanselage Dulani , Bouzinab Kaouthar , Rudzinska Paula , Wood Heather , Ganley Ian G. , Rauz Saaeha , Curtis Tim M. , Wallace Graham , Romero Jose M. 
Published: January 2024

Aims/Purpose: We hypothesize that exacerbated mitochondrial fusion abrogates mitophagy in diabetic retinopathy [DR]. Our aim was to rescue this process pharmacologically to prevent vision loss in a mouse model of type‐1 diabetes.Methods: We generated a drug screening platform mimicking mitochondrial hyperfusion in DR. To this end, retinal Müller cells (mouse primary and MIO‐M1 cell line) were antagonized for mitochondrial fission using a Drp1 inhibitor peptide under elevated glucose (30.5 mM) conditions. Pharmacological ‘hits’ rescuing mitophagy in conditions of diabetes‐induced hyperfusion were assessed for their capability to improve mitochondrial health (membrane potential [ΔΨm]) and bioenergetics (Seahorse). The bio‐activity of lead compounds were corroborated in vivo using diabetic mitophagy reporter mice (Mito‐QC Ins2Akita), while effectiveness to alleviate retinal degeneration was evaluated via electroretinography (ERG), retinal thickness (SD‐OCT) and morphometric analysis of retinal neurons.Results: Among all drugs screened, we identified PA‐01 (a PINK1‐mitophagy activator) as capable of safely rescuing mitophagy under conditions of diabetes‐induced mitochondrial hyperfusion. Accordingly, PA‐01 rescued mitochondrial health (ΔΨm) and bioenergetics in Müller glia cultures, by optimizing metabolic flux (basal‐ and ATP‐linked respiration). The bio‐activity of PA‐01 was demonstrated in vivo, where long‐term oral administration rescued mitochondrial hyperfusion and mitophagy in the diabetic retina, while further preventing neurodegeneration. This was reflected in i) improved scotopic ERG responses (increased a‐wave and b‐wave amplitudes), ii) improved SD‐OCT retinal thickness and iii) neuroprotection to photoreceptors, synaptic terminals and amacrine cells.Conclusions: Exacerbated mitochondrial fusion contributes to DR pathology by inhibiting mitophagy in Müller glia. Rescuing this process pharmacologically holds promising therapeutic potential to alleviate vision loss in DR.
Optimizing diagnostic success for vitreoretinal lymphoma
Authors: Saba Toni , Succar Channelle , Madigan Michele , Cherepanoff Svetlana , Fung Adrian , Hunyor Alex , Sewell William 
Published: January 2024

Aims/Purpose: To determine the diagnostic yield and pathological entities in a retrospective cohort of diagnostic vitrectomy patients.Methods: A retrospective cohort of diagnostic vitrectomy samples submitted to a tertial referral hospital pathology laboratory was identified by database search. The specimen submission protocol for this cohort consisted of two components: (i) intraoperative preparation of a neat vitreous aspirate as well as submission of the casette washings in RPMI and (ii) laboratory triage of each sample for microbiology culture, flow cytometry, cytological assessment and cell block preparation.Results: A total of 133 diagnostic vitrectomy samples were submitted between November 2015 and January 2022 (mean age 74 years, 0.8 M:F). A diagnostic report resulted in 132 (99.2%) of cases. Benign diagnoses (infectious and non‐infectious vitritis, degenerative or reactive changes, haemorrhage) were found in 88 of the cases (66.1%), while 20 cases (15%) were malignant. Of the malignant diagnoses, 18 (13.5%) were vitreoretinal lymphoma (17 diffuse large B cells; 1 T cell) by cytology and flow cytometry. The other two malignant diagnoses consisted of metastatic adenocarcinoma and metastatic cutaneous melanoma. 24 cases (18%) were classified as atypical, consisting of a lymphocytosis without demonstrable clonality by flow cytometry.Conclusions: This intraoperative and laboratory protocol maximizes the sample for all diagnostic tests required to discern infectious, inflammatory and malignant causes of increased vitreous cellularity. Importantly, the protocol allows for immunophenotyping of vitreoretinal lymphoma by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry to WHO classification standards, essential for treatment and surveillance decision‐making.
Direct measurement of the ciliary sulcus diameter using optical coherence tomography: Inter‐rater variability
Authors: Eppig Timo , Seer Manuel , Abad Antonio Martinez , Galvis Virgilio , Tello Alejandro , Schütz Saskia , Rombach Michiel , Alió Jorge L. 
Published: January 2024

Aims/Purpose: To develop a method for measuring the exact dimensions of the ciliary sulcus in order to improve the predictability of accommodative intraocular lens sizing.Methods: Patients scheduled for cataract surgery have been pre‐operatively examined with the anterior segment optical coherence tomographer (AS‐OCT) CASIA2 (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan). Optimized scan protocols were defined to improve the image quality of the ciliary structures. The horizontal scan from 0° to 180° was taken to represent the space where a sulcus‐fixated accommodative intraocular lens (IOL), whose diameter must agree with that of the ciliary sulcus, may be placed. The images were corrected for the optical distortion induced by the cornea's refraction. The sulcus‐to‐sulcus (STS) size as well as the depth of the sulcus plane (SPD) was measured using the integrated software calliper by two independent raters. Inter‐rater variability and correlation were evaluated. In addition, STS measurements were compared to other ocular diameter measures, such as angle‐to‐angle (ATA) and anterior chamber width (ACW). Data were analysed by means of correlation coefficient R2 and Bland–Altmann analysis.Results: 55 eyes of 28 patients were included in the study. The optimized scan protocols improved overall image quality and subjective visibility of ciliary anatomy compared to the default protocol. STS ranged from 10.66 mm to 12.89 mm, ACW from 10.76 mm to 12.74 mm and ATA from 10.69 to 12.46 mm. SPD ranged from 3.73 mm to 5.0 mm, while ATA depth was between 2.74 mm and 3.95 mm. Readings of both raters were highly correlated (R2 > 0.98). Manual readings of STS correlated poorly with automated ACW and ATA measurements (R2 < 0.66). The mean difference was 0.018 mm for STS and −0.011 mm for SPD. The levels of agreement were within [−0.109; +0.145] mm for STS and [−0.112; +0.091] mm for SPD.Conclusions: Despite the absorption of light by the iris pigment, the infrared light from the AS‐OCT is able to penetrate the posterior chamber to some degree. Therefore, the new AS‐OCT method for sulcus‐to‐sulcus and ciliary dimensions measurements seems to be feasible, reliable and is less bothersome for the patients compared to ultrasound bio‐microscopy. This approach could be useful for sulcus fixated accommodative IOLs and for sizing determination of posterior chamber phakic IOLs.