bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited convergence in the postcranium of aquatic Crocodylomorpha
Authors: Scavezzoni Isaure , Fischer Valentin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThalattosuchia (Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous) and Dyrosauridea (Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene) are crocodylomorph archosaurs which diversified in fluvial and marine environments and endured extinction events (i.e. Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary for Thalattosuchia; Cretaceous–Palaeogene for Dyrosauridea). Their postcrania remain globally undervalued in anatomical descriptions and diagnoses, shrouding the locomotive adaptations that possibly underpinned their radiations and longevity. We thoroughly surveyed the postcranial morphology of Dyrosauridea and Thalattosuchia, recreated their girdles in three‐dimensions using tens of high‐precisions 3D scans, and analysed their shape using geometric morphometrics. Dyrosauridea and Thalattosuchia have clearly distinct postcrania, even when found within similar environments, suggesting the existence of clade‐specific features limiting the strength of evolutionary convergence. Moreover, the range of postcranial morphologies evolved by dyrosaurids and thalattosuchians is large compared to extant crocodylians, making the latter unsatisfactory functional analogues for every group of extinct crocodylomorphs. Our work reveals the previously unsuspected potential of postcranial anatomy as an abundant source of phylogenetic and taxonomic characters to assess the relationships within Crocodylomorpha. Incorporation of postcranial anatomy therefore appears crucial to fully assess the ecology, disparity, and relationships of crocodylomorphs.
Online commentaries of the sugar‐sweetened beverages tax in Malaysia: Content analysis
Authors: Mohd Hanim Muhammad Faiz Bin , Md Sabri Budi Aslinie , Yusof Norashikin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionImplementing taxes on sugary drinks, or SSBs, has been a controversial topic in many countries, including Malaysia. This study aimed to examine how Malaysian Facebook users responded to the announcement and implementation of the SSBs tax through netnography.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study employed qualitative and quantitative methods and used an inductive approach and thematic content analysis to analyze online commentaries on news articles published on popular online news portals from November 2018 to August 2019. Data was collected by downloading the commentaries onto Microsoft Word and importing them into NVivo.ResultsOf the commentaries analyzed, 60.9% rejected the SSBs tax, and 39.1% favored it. No association was found between the online news articles and the slants of the commentaries.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate a clear divide in public opinion regarding the SSBs tax in Malaysia, with many online readers expressing opposition to the tax despite evidence of the harmful effects of sugar presented in the articles they are commenting on. These findings have implications for policymakers and public health advocates seeking to implement similar taxes in the future.
Holistic rockfall risk assessment in high mountain areas affected by seismic activity: Application to the Uspallata valley, Central Andes, Chile
Authors: Farvacque Manon , Eckert Nicolas , Candia Gabriel , Bourrier Franck , Corona Christophe , Toe David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOver large regions exposed to natural disasters, cascading effects resulting from complex or concatenated natural processes may represent a large portion of total risk. Populated high‐mountain environments are a major concern, and methods for large‐scale quantitative risk analyses are urgently required to improve risk mitigation. This article presents a comprehensive quantitative rockfall risk assessment over a large archetypal valley of the Andean mountains, in Central Chile, which integrates a wide spectrum of elements at risk. Risk is expressed as an expected damage both in monetary terms and casualties, at different scales relevant for decision making. Notably, total rockfall risk is divided into its main drivers, which allows quantifying seismically induced rockfall risk. For this purpose, the local seismic hazard is quantified and the yield acceleration, that is, acceleration required to initiate rockfall, is determined at the regional scale. The probability of failure is thereafter derived in terms of annual frequency of rockfall initiation and integrated in the quantitative risk assessment (QRA) process. Our results show the significant role of seismic activity as the triggering mechanism of rockfalls, and highlight elements at risk that have a major contribution to the total risk. Eventually a sensitivity analysis is conducted to (i) assess the robustness of obtained risk estimates to the data and modeling choices and (ii) identify the most influential assumptions. Our approach evidences the feasibility of large‐scale QRAs in sensitive environments and opens perspectives for refining QRAs in similar territories significantly affected by cascading effects and multihazards.
Model‐centric optimisation of biochemical remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil
Authors: Jakubauskaite Viktorija , Zukauskaite Audrone , Kryzevicius Zilvinas , Khan Mohammad Jakir Hossain 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this preliminary research investigation, we introduce a multifactorial approach aimed at optimizing the biochemical remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) polluted soil. The development of these optimizations was determined after solving the equation set. Moreover, we specified the quantitative correlation between the soil treatment aspects and remediation efficiency by the use of real‐world environmental data from the Klaipeda Oil Terminal, Lithuania. The reaction retention time (RTT) and aeration periodicity were the primary aspects affecting soil fertilization and frequency of microbial addition. Over a 2‐month period, remediation efficiency peaked at 99.99%. The study outcomes suggest that the recommended framework may be used to generalize more rapid biochemical degradation of PHs in polluted soil, moving from laboratory‐scale processes to the field (landfill‐polluted soil) at more than 95% process effectiveness. The accuracy of the formulated framework can be used to arrive at evidence‐based decisions concerning extensive landfill pollution management by estimating contaminant loads and soil‐related treatment aspects.
Nanofibrous polycaprolactone/gelatin scaffold containing gold nanoparticles: Physicochemical and biological characterization for wound healing
Authors: Rezaei Kolarijani Nariman , Cheraghali Danial , Khastar Hossein , Ehterami Arian , Alizade Morteza , Vaez Ahmad , Amini Seyed Mohammad , Salehi Majid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, gold nanoparticles were loaded into poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/gelatin nanofibrous matrices to fabricate a potential wound dressing. The mats were produced by electrospinning of PCL/gelatin solution supplemented with synthesized gold nanoparticles (200, 400 and 800 ppm). Prepared scaffolds were investigated regarding their chemical properties, morphology, mechanical properties, surface wettability, water‐uptake capacity, water vapor permeability, porosity, blood compatibility, microbial penetration test and cellular response. In addition to in vivo study, a full‐thickness excisional wound in a rat model was used to evaluate the healing effect of prepared scaffolds. Results showed appropriate mechanical properties and porosity of prepared scaffolds. With L929 cells, the PCL/gelatin scaffold containing 400 ppm gold nanoparticles demonstrated the greatest cell growth. In vivo results validated the favorable wound‐healing benefits of the scaffold incorporating gold nanoparticles, which triggered wound healing compared to sterile gauze. Our results showed the capability of nanofibrous matrices containing gold nanoparticles for successful wound treatment.
Conformal gravitational theories in Barthel–Kropina-type Finslerian geometry, and their cosmological implications
Authors: Hama Rattanasak , Harko Tiberiu , Sabau Sorin V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe consider dark energy models obtained from the general conformal transformation of the Kropina metric, representing an $$(\alpha , \beta )$$

(
α
,
β
)

-type Finslerian geometry, constructed as the ratio of the square of a Riemannian metric $$\alpha $$
α
and the one-form $$\beta $$
β
. Conformal symmetries appear in many fields of physics, and they may play a fundamental role in our understanding of the Universe. We investigate the possibility of obtaining conformal theories of gravity in the osculating Barthel–Kropina geometric framework, where gravitation is described by an extended Finslerian-type model, with the metric tensor depending on both the base space coordinates and a vector field. We show that it is possible to formulate a family of conformal Barthel–Kropina theories in an osculating geometry with second-order field equations, depending on the properties of the conformal factor, whose presence leads to the appearance of an effective scalar field of geometric origin in the gravitational field equations. The cosmological implications of the theory are investigated in detail by assuming a specific relation between the component of the one-form of the Kropina metric and the conformal factor. The cosmological evolution is thus determined by the initial conditions of the scalar field and a free parameter of the model. We analyze in detail three cosmological models corresponding to different values of the theory parameters. Our results show that the conformal Barthel–Kropina model can provide an acceptable description of the observational data, and may represent a theoretically attractive alternative to the standard $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM cosmology.
Efficacy and User Experience of a Novel X-Ray Shield on Operator Radiation Exposure During Cardiac Catheterization: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Davidsen Cedric , Ytre-Hauge Kristian , Samnøy Andreas Tefre , Vikenes Kjell , Lancellotti Patrizio , Tuseth Vegard 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Radiation shielding is mandatory during cardiac catheterization, but there is a need to improve efficacy and ease of use.

METHODS:
The aim of the study was to assess the shielding effect and user feedback for a novel flexible multiconfiguration x-ray shield (FMX). The 0.5-mm Pb equivalent FMX can be selectively configured to accommodate for variations in patient morphology, access site, and type of procedure with maintained visualization, vascular access, and shielding. To evaluate efficacy, relative operator dose (operator dose indexed for given dose) was measured during 103 consecutive procedures randomized in a 1:1 proportion to the current routine setup or FMX+routine. User feedback was collected on function, relevance, and likelihood of adoption into clinical practice.

RESULTS:

Median relative operator dose was 3.63 μSv/µGy·m
2
×10
–3
(IQR, 2.62–6.37) with routine setup and 0.57 μSv/µGy·m
2
×10
–3
(IQR, 0.27–1.06) with FMX+routine, which amounts to an 84.4% reduction (
P
<0.001). For 500 procedures/year, this corresponds to an estimated yearly dose reduction from 3.6 to 0.7 mSv. User feedback regarding size, functionality, ease of use, likely to use, critical issues, shielding, draping, procedure time, vascular access, patient discomfort, and risk was 99% positive. No critical issues were identified. There was no significant difference in patient radiation exposure.

CONCLUSIONS:
The FMX reduces radiation exposure considerably. The FMX represents an effective and attractive solution for radiation protection that can easily be implemented in existing workflow. FMX has potential for general use with maintained visualization, vascular access, and shielding in routine cardiac catheterization.
Factors Associated With Transition From Community to Permanent Residential Aged Care Following Stroke: A Linked Registry Data Study
Authors: Westworth Sarah E. , Ung David , Dalli Lachlan L. , Barnden Rebecca , Kilkenny Monique F. , Srikanth Velandai , Lannin Natasha A. , Lodge Margot E. , Cadilhac Dominique A. , Olaiya Muideen T. , Andrew Nadine E. ,   on behalf of the PRECISE Investigators
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Understanding factors that influence the transition to permanent residential aged care following a stroke or transient ischemic attack may inform strategies to support people to live at home longer. We aimed to identify the demographic, clinical, and system factors that may influence the transition from living in the community to permanent residential care in the 6 to 18 months following stroke/transient ischemic attack.

METHODS:
Linked data cohort analysis of adults from Queensland and Victoria aged ≥65 years and registered in the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry (2012–2016) with a clinical diagnosis of stroke/transient ischemic attack and living in the community in the first 6 months post-hospital discharge. Participant data were linked with primary care, pharmaceutical, aged care, death, and hospital data. Multivariable survival analysis was performed to determine demographic, clinical, and system factors associated with the transition to permanent residential care in the 6 to 18 months following stroke, with death modeled as a competing risk.

RESULTS:
Of 11 176 included registrants (median age, 77.2 years; 44% female), 520 (5%) transitioned to permanent residential care between 6 and 18 months. Factors most associated with transition included the history of urinary tract infections (subhazard ratio [SHR], 1.41 [95% CI, 1.16–1.71]), dementia (SHR, 1.66 [95% CI, 1.14–2.42]), increasing age (65–74 versus 85+ years; SHR, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.31–2.34]), living in regional Australia (SHR, 31 [95% CI, 1.08–1.60]), and aged care service approvals: respite (SHR, 4.54 [95% CI, 3.51–5.85]) and high-level home support (SHR, 1.80 [95% CI, 1.30–2.48]). Protective factors included being dispensed antihypertensive medications (SHR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.53–0.87]), seeing a cardiologist (SHR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.57–0.91]) following stroke, and less severe stroke (SHR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.58–0.88]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings provide an improved understanding of factors that influence the transition from community to permanent residential care following stroke and can inform future strategies designed to delay this transition.
The Meddler's Trap: McKinley, the Philippines, and the Difficulty of Letting Go
Authors: Mukharji Aroop 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
From Vietnam to Afghanistan, U.S. leaders have had great difficulty disentangling the United States from faraway military interventions. William McKinley's 1898 decision to annex the Philippines reveals why, through a phenomenon called the “meddler's trap.” The meddler's trap denotes a situation of self-entanglement, whereby a leader inadvertently creates a problem through military intervention, feels they can solve it, and values solving the new problem more because of the initial intervention. The inflated valuation is driven by a cognitive bias called the endowment effect, according to which individuals tend to overvalue goods they feel they own. A military intervention causes a feeling of ownership of the foreign territory, triggering the endowment effect. Following the U.S. victory in Manila during the War of 1898, McKinley doubted Filipino civilizational capacity to self-govern, believed that a U.S. departure from the Philippines would cause chaos and great power war, and believed that U.S. governance could forestall that outcome. Because he had already deployed troops to the Philippines, McKinley also felt ownership over them, and this endowment effect inflated his valuation of the archipelago. Together, these mutually reinforcing beliefs produced the meddler's trap and the United States’ largest annexation outside its hemisphere.
A new mineral cuprodobrovolskyite Na4Cu(SO4)3 from the Tolbachik volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) and relationships in the family of natural anhydrous Na–Cu sulfates
Authors: Shchipalkina Nadezhda V. , Pekov Igor V. , Koshlyakova Natalia N. , Belakovskiy Dmitry I. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Agakhanov Atali A. , Britvin Sergey N. , Nazarova Maria A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA new mineral cuprodobrovolskyite, ideally Na4Cu(SO4)3, was found in sublimates of the Arsenatnaya fumarole at the Second scoria cone of the Northern Breakthrough of the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. It is associated with petrovite, saranchinaite, euchlorine, krasheninnikovite, langbeinite, calciolangbeinite, anhydrite, sanidine, tenorite and hematite. Cuprodobrovolskyite occurs as coarse hexagonal tabular or equant, typically skeletal crystals up to 1 mm and their clusters or crusts up to 1.5 cm × 2.5 cm in area. The mineral is transparent, light blue or greenish-bluish to almost colourless with vitreous lustre. Cuprodobrovolskyite is optically uniaxial (+) with ω = 1.509(3) and ε = 1.528(3). The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 12 O apfu is (Na3.64K0.09Pb0.03)Σ3.76(Cu0.51Ca0.22Mg0.16Zn0.07Al0.01Mn0.01)Σ0.98S3.04O12. The unit-cell parameters of cuprodobrovolskyite calculated from the powder X-ray diffraction data are: a = 15.702(2), c = 22.017(5) Å, V = 4701.0(2) Å3, space group R3 and Z = 18. The crystal structure was studied using the Rietveld method, Rp = 0.0246, Rwp = 0.0325, R1 = 0.0521 and wR2 = 0.0770. Cuprodobrovolskyite is an isostructural analogue of dobrovolskyite Na4Ca(SO4)3 with Cu prevailing over Ca. One of the main features of cuprodobrovolskyite is Cu2+ in 7-fold coordination. On the basis of relationships with saranchinaite Na2Cu(SO4)2 and petrovite Na12Cu2(SO4)8 in the Arsenatnaya fumarole and the results of heating experiments, cuprodobrovolskyite is considered as the highest-temperature phase among anhydrous Na–Cu sulfate minerals.
Exosomal miR-155-5p drives widespread macrophage M1 polarization in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced acute lung injury via the MSK1/p38-MAPK axis
Authors: Xu Yihan , Zhang Chunying , Cai Danni , Zhu Rongping , Cao Yingping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypervirulentKlebsiella pneumoniae(hvKp) infection-induced sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI) has emerged as a significant clinical challenge. Increasing evidence suggests that activated inflammatory macrophages contribute to tissue damage in sepsis. However, the underlying causes of widespread macrophage activation remain unclear.MethodsBALB/c mice were intravenously injected with inactivated hvKp (iHvKp) to observe lung tissue damage, inflammation, and M1 macrophage polarization. In vitro, activated RAW264.7 macrophage-derived exosomes (iHvKp-exo) were isolated and their role in ALI formation was investigated. RT-PCR was conducted to identify changes in exosomal miRNA. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate MSK1 as a direct target of miR-155-5p. Further in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to explore the specific mechanisms involved.ResultsiHvKp successfully induced ALI in vivo and upregulated the expression of miR-155-5p. In vivo, injection of iHvKp-exo induced inflammatory tissue damage and macrophage M1 polarization. In vitro, iHvKp-exo was found to promote macrophage inflammatory response and M1 polarization through the activation of the p38-MAPK pathway. RT-PCR revealed exposure time-dependent increased levels of miR-155-5p in iHvKp-exo. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed the functional role of miR-155-5p in mediating iHvKp-exo effects by targeting MSK1. Additionally, inhibition of miR-155-5p reduced M1 polarization of lung macrophages in vivo, resulting in decreased lung injury and inflammation induced by iHvKp-exo or iHvKp.ConclusionsThe aforementioned results indicate that exosomal miR-155-5p drives widespread macrophage inflammation and M1 polarization in hvKp-induced ALI through the MSK1/p38-MAPK Axis.Graphical Abstract
Phenotypic and genetic characterization of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with liver abscess and ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Guo Mingquan , Gao Bo , Su Jun , Zeng Yigang , Cui Zelin , Liu Haodong , Guo XiaoKui , Zhu Yongzhang , Wei Beiwen , Zhao Yanan , Qin Juanxiu , Lu Xiaoye , Li Qingtian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) due to Klebsiella pneumoniae infection can trigger life-threatening malignant consequences, however, there are few studies on the strain-associated clinical pathogenic mechanisms between VAP and PLA. A total of 266 patients consist of 129 VAP and 137 PLA were included for analysis in this study. We conducted a comprehensive survey for the two groups of K. pneumoniae isolates, including phenotypic experiments, clinical epidemiology, genomic analysis, and instrumental analysis, i.e., to obtain the genomic differential profile of K. pneumoniae strains responsible for two distinct infection outcomes. We found that PLA group had a propensity for specific underlying diseases, especially diabetes and cholelithiasis. The resistance level of VAP was significantly higher than that of PLA (78.57% vs. 36%, P < 0.001), while the virulence results were opposite. There were also some differences in key signaling pathways of biochemical processes between the two groups. The combination of iucA, rmpA, hypermucoviscous phenotype, and ST23 presented in K. pneumoniae infection is more important and highly prudent for timely treatment. The present study may contribute a benchmark for the K. pneumoniae clinical screening, epidemiological surveillance, and effective therapeutic strategies.
Device-related infection and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease receiving cardiac implantable electronic devices: a propensity score-matched cohort study
Authors: Wu Po-Jui , Chen Huang-Chung , Fang Yen-Nan , Chong Shaur-Zheng , Chen Yung-Lung , Chen Mien-Cheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was reported to be a risk factor of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection. The application of bundled skin antiseptic preparation before CIED implantation decreased the risk of CIED infection, even in patients undergoing complex procedures. However, the effect of bundled skin antiseptic preparation to prevent CIED infection in patients with CKD was not tested.

Methods
Between July 2012 and December 2019, 1668 patients receiving CIEDs comprised this retrospective cohort study and were categorized into two groups by the diagnosis of CKD: group with CKD (n = 750, 45%) and group without CKD (n = 918, 55%). The primary outcome was clinical CIED infection, including major and minor infection, and the secondary outcomes were cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to reduce selection bias between the study groups.

Results
During a 4-year follow-up period, 30 patients (1.8%) had a CIED infection. After PSM, the incidence of CIED infection was similar between the patients with CKD and without CKD (1.0% vs. 1.8%). The incidences of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality were higher in patients with CKD compared to patients without CKD (6.5% vs. 3.0%, P = 0.009; 22.8% vs. 11.8%, P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
The incidence of clinical CIED infection in patients with CKD was as lower as in patients without CKD after applying the bundled skin antiseptic preparation strategy. The cumulative incidences of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality were significantly higher in the matched CIED recipients with CKD compared to the matched cohort without CKD.