bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability of hybrid combinations of marjoram (Origanum majorana L.)
Authors: Novak Johannes , Grausgruber Heinrich , Pank Friedrich , Langbehn Jan , Blüthner Wolf‐Dieter , Vender Carla , Van Niekerk Léon , Junghanns Wolfram , Franz Chlodwig 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe effect of genotype by environment interaction (G × E) was studied in marjoram in an experiment using 34 genotypes and three locations. For yield, no signiﬁcant G × E was found, while for plant height, ﬂowering time and the essential oil content, the G × E was signiﬁcant. As to leaf colour, which was determined using the L*a*b* system and a sensorial score, only the coordinate a* was not signiﬁcant. Both sensorial evaluations for smell and taste revealed some genotypes to be more stable than others. Regarding the essential oil compounds, both of the ‘marjoramy’ compounds, cis‐sabinene hydrate and cis‐sabinene hydrate acetate, were extremely unstable in one hybrid combination which, however, turned out to be the most stable comparing to the total amount of these two compounds. The main sesquiterpenes, β‐caryophyllene and bicyclogermacrene, were strongly correlated in their stability, except in one case, where only bicyclogermacrene was highly unstable. The estimation of G × E allows the extrapolation of the degree of instability that is to be expected for a special trait. But, above all, when G × E is given special consideration, it is possible to select for stable genotypes that can be cultivated, e.g. in different regions with the resulting raw material being of higher homogeneity and the environmental inﬂuences minimised. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aromatic plants of tropical central Africa. Part XLII. Volatile components from Antidesma laciniatum Muell. Arg. var. laciniatum growing in Cameroon
Authors: Fekam Boyom F. , Zambo Assembe E. , Amvam Zollo P. H. , Agnaniet H. , Menut C. , Bessière J. M. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe essential oil obtained from leaves of Antidesma laciniatum Muell. Arg. var. laciniatum (Euphorbiaceae) collected in Cameroon was analysed by GC and GC–MS. The oil was found to contain a majority of terpenoids (72%), with a relatively high amount of ester derivatives (40.9%). The two major constituents were found to be esters: benzyl benzoate (19.1%), which is responsible for the sweet balsamic odour of the oil, and geranyl acetate (14.9%). This volatile extract did not reveal important radical scavenging activity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanosensing role of caveolae and caveolar constituents in human endothelial cells
Authors: Spisni Enzo , Bianco Maria Cristina , Griffoni Cristiana , Toni Mattia , D'Angelo Romina , Santi Spartaco , Riccio Massimo , Tomasi Vittorio 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA variety of evidence suggests that endothelial cell functions are impaired in altered gravity conditions. Nevertheless, the effects of hypergravity on endothelial cell physiology remain unclear. In this study we cultured primary human endothelial cells under mild hypergravity conditions for 24–48 h, then we evaluated the changes in cell cycle progression, caveolin1 gene expression and in the caveolae status by confocal microscopy. Moreover, we analyzed the activity of enzymes known to be resident in caveolae such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), cycloxygenase 2 (COX‐2), and prostacyclin synthase (PGIS). Finally, we performed a three‐dimensional in vitro collagen gel test to evaluate the modification of the angiogenic responses. Results indicate that hypergravity shifts endothelial cells to G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, reducing S phase, increasing caveolin1 gene expression and causing an increased distribution of caveolae in the cell interior. Hypergravity also increases COX‐2 expression, nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (PGI2) production, and inhibits angiogenesis as evaluated by 3‐D collagen gel test, through a pathway not involving apoptosis. Thus, endothelial cell caveolae may be responsible for adaptation of endothelium to hypergravity and the mechanism of adaptation involves an increased caveolin1 gene expression coupled to upregulation of vasodilators as NO and PGI2. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 198–204, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Studies on BrdU labeling of hematopoietic cells: Stem cells and cell lines
Authors: Pang Lizhen , Reddy Prem Veer , McAuliffe Christina I. , Colvin Gerald , Quesenberry Peter J. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractStudies using chronic in vivo BrdU exposure, isolating primitive stem cells, and determining BrdU labeling, indicate that stem cells cycle. BrdU is also incorporated into DNA during damage/repair. DNA, which has incorporated BrdU due to cycle transit is heavier than normal, while the density of DNA with damage/repair incorporation is intermediate. DNA density of purified lineage—rhodamine low (rholow) Hoechst low (Holow) stem cells or FDC‐P1 cell line cells—was assessed in vitro, after exposure to cytokines and BrdU (cycling model) or cytokines and BrdU with bleomycin to induce strand breaks and hydroxyurea to halt cycle progression (damage/repair model). We determined DNA density using cesium chloride (CsCl) gradients and either fluorometry or dot blot chemiluminesence. DNA from BrdU labeled cycling Lin‐rholoHolo or FDC‐P1 cells was heavier than normal DNA, while damage repair DNA had an intermediate density. We then assessed BrdU labeling of Lin‐rholoHolo cells in vivo. We found that 70.9% of lin‐rholoHolo cells labeled at 5 weeks. DNA density of these cells was low, in the damage/repair range, but similar results were obtained with stem cells, which had proliferated in vivo. Dilution of BrdU in in vitro culture of proliferating FDC‐P1 cells also resulted in damage/repair density. We conclude that in vitro BrdU labeling models can distinguish between proliferation and damage/repair, but that we cannot obtain high enough in vivo levels to address this issue. All together, while we cannot absolutely exclude damage/repair as contributing to stem cell BrdU labeling, the data indicate that primitive bone marrow stem cells are probably a cycling population. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 251–260, 2003© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)‐3 in TGF‐β‐ and GDF‐8 (myostatin)‐induced suppression of proliferation in porcine embryonic myogenic cell cultures
Authors: Kamanga‐Sollo E. , Pampusch M.S. , White M.E. , Dayton W.R. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractBoth transforming growth factor (TGF‐β) and growth and development factor (GDF)‐8 (myostatin) affect muscle differentiation by suppressing proliferation and differentiation of myogenic cells. In contrast, insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs) stimulate both proliferation and differentiation of myogenic cells. In vivo, IGFs are found in association with a family of high‐affinity insulin‐like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP 1–6) that affect their biological activity. Treatment of porcine embryonic myogenic cell (PEMC) cultures with either TGF‐β1 or GDF‐8 suppressed proliferation and increased production of IGFBP‐3 protein and mRNA (P < 0.005). An anti‐IGFBP‐3 antibody that neutralizes the biological activity of IGFBP‐3 reduced the ability of either TGF‐β1 or GDF‐8 to suppress PEMC proliferation (P < 0.005). However, this antibody did not affect proliferation rate in the presence of both TGF‐β1 and GDF‐8. These data show that IGFBP‐3 plays a role in mediating the activity of either TGF‐β1 or GDF‐8 alone but not when both TGF‐β1 and GDF‐8 are present. In contrast to findings in T47D breast cancer cells, treatment of PEMC cultures with IGFBP‐3 did not result in increased levels of phosphosmad‐2. Since TGF‐β and GDF‐8 are believed to play a significant role in regulating proliferation and differentiation of myogenic cells, our current data showing that IGFBP‐3 plays a role in mediating the activity of these growth factors in muscle cell cultures strongly suggest that IGFBP‐3 also may be involved in regulating these processes in myogenic cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 225–231, 2003© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of endogenous SH2 domain‐containing inositol 5‐phosphatase (SHIP2) in 3T3‐L1 and human preadipocytes
Authors: Gagnon Annemarie , Artemenko Yulia , Crapper Thet , Sorisky Alexander 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe role of the inositol lipid 5‐phosphatase (SHIP2) in preadipocyte signaling is not known. Although overexpression of SHIP2 inhibited proliferation and 3H‐thymidine incorporation in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes, there was no effect on insulin‐induced adipogenesis. Insulin promoted SHIP2 tyrosine phosphorylation in differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, but did not do so in preadipocytes. The absence of SHIP2 tyrosine phosphorylation suggests a potential explanation for the isolated rise in PI(3,4,5)P3, without any changes in PI(3,4)P2, previously observed following insulin treatment of these cells. Lack of SHIP2 tyrosine phosphorylation by insulin was also observed in primary cultures of human abdominal subcutaneous preadipocytes. These cells also produced PI(3,4,5)P3, but not PI(3,4)P2, in response to insulin. Comparison of insulin vs. PDGF treatment on SHIP2 tyrosine phosphorylation in 3T3‐L1 and human preadipocytes revealed that only PDGF, which stimulates the accumulation of PI(3,4,5)P3 as well as PI(3,4)P2, was active in this regard, and only PDGF promoted the association of 52 kDa form of Shc with SHIP2. Nevertheless, both insulin and PDGF were equally effective in translocating SHIP2 to the plasma membrane in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes. Lack of SHIP2 tyrosine phosphorylation may account for the insulin‐specific inositol phospholipid pattern of accumulation in preadipocytes. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 243–250, 2003© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimating the costs of surgical innovations: The case for subthalamic nucleus stimulation in the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease
Authors: McIntosh Emma , Gray Alastair , Aziz Tipu 
Published: September 2003

AbstractWe estimated the current cost of deep brain stimulation surgery targeted on the subthalamic nucleus. The method used was a cost analysis using typical resource use patterns and unit costs from a leading surgical centre, detailed equipment costs from the manufacturer, and sensitivity analysis. Resource use was based on patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. The main outcome measure was the likely total health service costs per patient, including preoperative assessment, surgery, and postoperative management over a 5‐year period. The preoperative assessment, surgery, and discounted follow‐up costs associated with subthalamic nucleus surgery were estimated at approximately £32,526 per patient over 5 years. Almost 70% of these costs are attributable to the initial costs of the equipment and the likely follow‐up and replacement costs of the equipment. These costs will be affected mainly by future equipment costs and their replacement period and are relatively insensitive to preoperative assessment staff costs, length of hospital stay after surgery, and imaging costs. This cost estimate should be of use to researchers, health care managers, policy makers, and surgeons working in this area. Providing an estimate of the cost of this new procedure will provide a baseline for tracking future changes in costs and will assist the production of cost‐effectiveness estimates. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Botulinum toxin B reduces sialorrhea in parkinsonism
Authors: Racette Brad A. , Good Laura , Sagitto Sandy , Perlmutter Joel S. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractWe report on our open‐label experience with botulinum toxin B for the treatment of severe sialorrhea associated with parkinsonism. Nine adult patients with parkinsonism and medically intractable sialorrhea were treated with botulinum toxin B (1,000 units into each parotid gland using superficial landmarks). After treatment, patients experienced a 61% mean subjective improvement and a 42% mean reduction of quantitative saliva production. There were no adverse effects seen in any subjects. Mean peak benefit from injections lasted 14 weeks. We conclude that denervation of salivary glands with botulinum toxin B produces excellent reduction of excessive salivation associated with parkinsonism. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Treatment of essential blepharospasm with quetiapine
Authors: Reeves Roy R. , Liberto Vincent 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA 69‐year‐old male with blepharospasm unresponsive to several medications who was successfully treated with quetiapine is described. His symptoms were largely alleviated by low doses, but he experienced sedation, which permitted him to take the medication at bedtime only. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Analysis of via discontinuity
Authors: Chen Houfei , Huang Chung‐Chi , Tsang Leung , Li Qin 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA method for full‐wave modeling of the exterior structure of vertical via, which considers the actual layout of an exterior structure with pad and vertical bent into the via, is presented. This method is more accurate than simple coaxial cable feed‐in and thin‐wire approximation because it takes into account the effect of pad and vertical bent. Good results are obtained for structures and frequencies where thin‐wire approximation no longer stands. Combined with interior formulation developed in a previous paper, we illustrate the propagation characteristics of multilayered vertical via and multivia geometry. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 290–295, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11194
Improved spurious responses of a BPF using λ/4 MSL resonators with the tap‐coupling technique
Authors: Wada Kouji , Suzuki Atsushi , Hashimoto Osamu , Harada Hiroshi 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe improvement of spurious responses of a λ/4 resonator bandpass filter (BPF) using a microstrip line (MSL) is carried out. Firstly, a basic mechanism for improving the resonance responses of the λ/4 resonator, under the condition that the excitation method is changed, is presented. Secondly, on the basis of the above proposal, the BPF is demonstrated as an example. It is confirmed that the λ/4 resonator using the tap‐coupling technique can improve the spurious responses of the BPF using λ/4 resonators. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 311–314, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11200
Ka‐band PHEMT MMIC VCO with wide tuning range
Authors: Ryu Seonghan , Kim Huijung , Yim Jounghyun , Im Kyounghoon , Kim Youngwoong , Han Seogtae , Kim Bumman 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA Ka‐band MMIC VCO utilizing 0.15‐μm T‐gate GaAs P‐HEMT technology is presented. The VCO exhibits a low‐phase noise property with wide tuning range of up to 3 GHz. A balanced buffer amplifier is also developed to ensure that the output power is higher than 10 dBm. The best measured phase noise at 1 MHz offset is −106 dBc/Hz. By varying the bias voltage of the on‐chip varactor, the frequency can be continuously tuned from 33.3 to 36.3 GHz. In this frequency range, output power higher than 10 dBm has been measured without using the buffer amplifier. The buffer amplifier exhibits a typical gain of 5 dB with 15‐dBm output power. A Lange coupler provides good matching between the VCO and the amplifier. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 333–336, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11206
A new relation between polarization‐mode dispersion vector and output state of polarization
Authors: Ning G. X. , Aditya S. , Shum P. , Wu C. Q. , Gong Y. D. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractWe derive a new relation to show that, as frequency changes, the output state of polarization vector precesses around the PMD vector with a fixed angle of precession. The new relation leads to a familiar expression for pulse broadening. Based on this expression, a PMD compensator is suggested and measured results are given for a 10‐Gb/s signal. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 336–338, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11207
Improved doubly electromagnetic periodic structure (DEPS) for microwave power amplifier application
Authors: Her Man‐Long , Chiou Yi‐Chyun , Wang Yu‐Zhen , Kung Fan‐Hsi 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an improved doubly electromagnetic periodic structure (DEPS) and apply it in a power amplifier for harmonic tuning. The DEPS power amplifier shows an improvement of 0.5 dB and 8% in output power and power‐added efficiency (PAE), respectively, compared with the conventional EPS power amplifier. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 342–344, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11209
Roles of antioxidants on prolonged storage of avian spermatozoa in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Bréque Christelle , Surai Peter , Brillard Jean‐Pierre 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThis review focuses on natural and assisted prevention against lipid peroxidation in avian spermatozoa. The presence of high levels of n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the plasma membrane creates favorable conditions for the formation of peroxidative products, a major cause of membrane damage which may ultimately impair male fertility. However, a complex antioxidant system involving vitamin C, vitamin E and GSH is naturally present in avian semen. Coupled with a battery of enzymatic defenses (e.g., SOD, GSH‐Px either Se‐ or non‐Se‐dependent), this system acts to prevent or restrict the formation and propagation of peroxides. The presence of specialized sites dedicated to prolonged sperm storage in avian females raises the question of durable protection of sperm membranes against peroxidation. Preliminary observations have revealed the presence of a specific antioxidant system at these sites in which vitamin C could exert a major role. From a practical standpoint, the extensive use of artificial insemination in poultry, along with the emergence in some species of workable techniques to cryopreserve spermatozoa, demand better control of peroxidation occurring in the plasma membrane of spermatozoa before or during storage. Dietary supplementation with vitamin E is effective in limiting lipid peroxidation of sperm plasma membranes, both in chickens and turkeys. In addition, organic Se with or without vitamin E stimulates Se‐GSH‐Px activity in seminal plasma. Preliminary observations in female chickens have also revealed the effectiveness of dietary supplementation with vitamin E, organic selenium or both to sustain fertility in aging flocks. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66: 314–323, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relative messenger RNA abundance in bovine oocytes collected in vitro or in vivo before and 20 hr after the preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge
Authors: Lonergan Patrick , Gutiérrez‐Adán Alfonso , Rizos Dimitrios , Pintado Belen , De La Fuente Julio , Boland Maurice P. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIn the cyclic cow, final maturation of the ovulatory follicle is initiated by the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. During the subsequent 24 hr period, the oocyte nucleus undergoes meiotic progression to metaphase II and several changes in cytoplasmic organization take place. We have previously shown that oocytes recovered at the time of the LH peak and matured in vitro are less competent to reach the blastocyst stage than their counterparts recovered 20 hr later following in vivo maturation, despite both groups undergoing IVF and culture in parallel. The objective of this study was to compare, using real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR, the relative abundance of various developmentally important gene transcripts in these oocytes. The groups used were mature bovine oocytes originating from: (1) 2–6 mm follicles from slaughterhouse ovaries; (2) preovulatory follicles punctured by ovum pick‐up just before the LH surge (i.e., immature) and matured in vitro; or (3) preovulatory follicles punctured 20 hr later, just prior to ovulation (i.e., in vivo matured). In addition, immature oocytes from 2–6 mm follicles were examined. We examined the relative mRNA expression of five enzymes involved in protection against free oxygen radicals (mitochondrial Mn‐superoxide dismutase, MnSOD, cytosolic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, Cu/ZnSOD, γ‐glutamyl‐cysteine transferase, GCS, glutathione peroxidase, GPX, sarcosine oxidase, SOX), a transcript involved in follicular development (growth differentiation factor‐9, GDF‐9), transcripts involved in glucose metabolism (glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PDH, glucose transporter type ‐1 and ‐8, Glut‐1, Glut‐8) and genes involved in cell cycle events, Cyclin A and B, and poly(A) polymerase (PAP). Transcripts for all genes were detected, irrespective of oocyte origin. While differences were not significant in all cases, variations in levels of transcript abundance between the groups were related to developmental competence. In particular, transcripts for GDF‐9 were expressed at significantly higher levels in oocytes recovered at the LH peak and matured in vitro than in those matured in vivo. The observations with GDF‐9 are interesting as this gene is believed to be essential for normal folliculogenesis and may be important in the regulation of early follicle and oocyte growth. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate differences in the relative mRNA abundance of several developmentally important gene transcripts in bovine oocytes which may be related to developmental competence. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66: 297–305, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structural investigations of isomeric oxidised forms of hyperforin by HPLC‐NMR and HPLC‐MSn
Authors: Wolfender J.‐L. , Verotta L. , Belvisi L. , Fuzzati N. , Hostettmann K. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe prenylated phloroglucinol hyperforin, thought to be an essential component for the anti‐depressant activity of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), is unstable. The facile oxidative degradation of hyperforin poses serious problems for standardisation, and may also dramatically affect the pharmacological activity of the extracts. Hyperforin was dissolved in hexane and stored at room temperature for 3 days and yielded various closely related degradation products which, although difﬁcult to isolate on the preparative scale, have been analysed by on‐ﬂow and stop‐ﬂow HPLC‐NMR and HPLC‐MS/MS. From on‐line spectroscopic data, and with the aid of complementary in‐mixture standard NMR two‐dimensional correlation experiments, the different oxidised forms of hyperforin were found to be phloroglucinol derivatives in which a hydroxy‐dihydrofuran ring is formed involving the enol OH at C‐7 or C‐9 (tautomeric form) and the prenyl chain at C‐8 of the core nucleus of hyperforin. The strategy followed for the on‐line identiﬁcation of these constituents is discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new furanoditerpenoid marker for the distinction between the seeds of two species of Caesalpinia
Authors: Jadhav Atul N. , Kaur Navneet , Bhutani K. K. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA new cassane furanoditerpene, 17‐methylvouacapane‐8(14),‐9(11)‐diene (1), has been isolated from the seed kernels of Caesalpinia crista and its structure determined by mass, IR and NMR spectrometry. The 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectra were assigned using a combination of 1H‐1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC two‐dimensional NMR experiments. An HPTLC method has been developed to quantify 1 in seed material. The furanoditerpene can serve as a marker chemically to differentiate C. crista from the synonymous C. bonduc. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.