bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calponin 1 inhibits agonist‐induced ERK activation and decreases calcium sensitization in vascular smooth muscle
Authors: Kajuluri Lova Prasadareddy , Lyu Qing Rex , Doja Jaser , Kumar Ajay , Wilson Michael P. , Sgrizzi Samantha R. , Rezaeimanesh Elika , Miano Joseph M. , Morgan Kathleen G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSmooth muscle cell (SMC) contraction and vascular tone are modulated by phosphorylation and multiple modifications of the thick filament, and thin filament regulation of SMC contraction has been reported to involve extracellular regulated kinase (ERK). Previous studies in ferrets suggest that the actin‐binding protein, calponin 1 (CNN1), acts as a scaffold linking protein kinase C (PKC), Raf, MEK and ERK, promoting PKC‐dependent ERK activation. To gain further insight into this function of CNN1 in ERK activation and the regulation of SMC contractility in mice, we generated a novel Calponin 1 knockout mouse (Cnn1 KO) by a single base substitution in an intronic CArG box that preferentially abolishes expression of CNN1 in vascular SMCs. Using this new Cnn1 KO mouse, we show that ablation of CNN1 has two effects, depending on the cytosolic free calcium level: (1) in the presence of elevated intracellular calcium caused by agonist stimulation, Cnn1 KO mice display a reduced amplitude of stress and stiffness but an increase in agonist‐induced ERK activation; and (2) during intracellular calcium depletion, in the presence of an agonist, Cnn1 KO mice exhibit increased duration of SM tone maintenance. Together, these results suggest that CNN1 plays an important and complex modulatory role in SMC contractile tone amplitude and maintenance.
Occurrence of the pugnose pipefish Bryx dunckeri in the Sargasso Sea
Authors: Sundin Josefin , Freese Marko , Marohn Lasse , Blancke Tina , Hanel Reinhold 
Published: December 2023

AbstractJuvenile specimens of the pugnose pipefish, Bryx dunckeri, were collected during a multipurpose research survey conducted within the Sargasso Sea Subtropical Convergence Zone, extending the known distribution range of this species to include open ocean areas of the Western North Atlantic. Novel spatial data are of scientific interest as information on the distribution, population structure, and population size of this species is limited. Additionally, we present detailed photographs and morphological data on the collected specimens. The results are discussed in relation to the dispersal abilities and population structure in syngnathids.
Mapping sex and gender differences in falls among older adults: A scoping review
Authors: Sebastiani Crista , Wong Jamie Yee Xin , Litt Amandeep , Loewen Julia , Reece Karly , Conlin Nicole , Dunand Tessa , Montero Odasso Manuel , D'Amore Cassandra , Saunders Stephanie , Beauchamp Marla 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is growing recognition of the importance of sex and gender differences within falls literature, but the characterization of such literature is uncertain. The aim of this scoping review was to (1) map the nature and extent of falls literature examining sex or gender differences among older adults, and (2) identify gaps and opportunities for further research and practice.MethodsWe used a scoping review methodology. Eligible studies included participants with a mean age of 60 years and study aims specifying falls and either sex or gender concepts. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Ageline, and Psychinfo databases were searched from inception to March 2, 2022. Records were screened and charted by six independent reviewers. Descriptive and narrative reports were generated.ResultsA total of 15,266 records were screened and 74 studies were included. Most studies reported on sex and gender differences in fall risk factors (n = 52, 70%), incidence/prevalence (n = 26, 35%), fall consequences (n = 22, 30%), and fall characteristics (n = 15, 20%). The majority of studies (n = 70, 95%) found significant sex or gender differences in relation to falls, with 39 (53%) identifying significant sex differences and 31 (42%) identifying significant gender differences. However, only three (4%) studies defined sex or gender concepts and only nine (12%) studies used sex or gender terms appropriately. Fifty‐six (76%) studies had more female participants than males. Four (5%) were intervention studies. Studies did not report falls in line with guidelines nor use common fall definitions.ConclusionSex and gender differences are commonly reported in falls literature. It is critical for future research to use sex and gender terms appropriately and include similar sample sizes across all genders and sexes. In addition, there is a need to examine more gender‐diverse populations and to develop interventions to prevent falls that address sex and gender differences among older adults.
Correlative super‐resolution microscopy with deep UV reactivation
Authors: Prakash Kirti 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCorrelative super‐resolution microscopy has the potential to accurately visualize and validate new biological structures past the diffraction limit. However, combining different super‐resolution modalities, such as deterministic stimulated emission depletion (STED) and stochastic single‐molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), is a challenging endeavour. For correlative STED and SMLM, the following poses a significant challenge: (1) the photobleaching of the fluorophores in STED; (2) the subsequent reactivation of the fluorophores for SMLM and (3) finding the right fluorochrome and imaging buffer for both imaging modalities. Here, we highlight how the deep ultraviolet (DBUE) wavelengths of the Mercury (Hg) arc lamp can help recover STED bleaching and allow for the reactivation of single molecules for SMLM imaging. We also show that Alexa Fluor 594 and the commercially available Prolong Diamond to be excellent fluorophores and imaging media for correlative STED and SMLM.
Decreased expression of ATP‐binding cassette protein G1 promotes abnormal adipogenesis of condylar chondrocytes in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Kang Xinyu , Liu Qian , Shi Yuqian , Wang Helin , Zhang Hongyun , Ye Tao , Zhang Jing , He Feng , Zhang Mian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal lipid metabolism is involved in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). ATP‐binding cassette protein G1 (ABCG1) is crucial in mediating the outflow of cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin and reducing intracellular lipid accumulation.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate whether ABCG1 participates in the abnormal adipogenesis of chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage of temporomandibular joint.MethodsEight‐week‐old female rats were subjected to unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) to induce OA in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Histochemical staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and qRT–PCR were performed. Primary condylar chondrocytes of rats were transfected with ABCG1 shRNA or overexpression lentivirus and then stimulated with fluid flow shear stress (FFSS). Cells were collected for oil red O staining, immunofluorescence staining, and qRT–PCR analysis.ResultsAbnormal adipogenesis, characterized by increased expression of Adiponectin, CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (Cebpα), fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4) and Perilipin1, was enhanced in the degenerative cartilage of TMJ OA in rats with UAC, accompanied by decreased expression of ABCG1. After FFSS stimulation, we observed lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of cultured cells with increased expression of Adiponectin, Cebpα, Fabp4 and Perilipin1 and decreased expression of ABCG1. Knockdown of Abcg1 induced abnormal adipogenesis and differentiation of condylar chondrocytes. Overexpression of ABCG1 alleviated the abnormal adipogenesis and differentiation of condylar chondrocytes induced by FFSS.ConclusionsAbnormal adipogenesis of chondrocytes and decreased ABCG1 expression were observed in degenerative cartilage of TMJ OA. ABCG1 overexpression effectively inhibits the adipogenesis of chondrocytes and thus alleviates TMJ condylar cartilage degeneration.
Factors associated with thrombotic disease in dogs with renal proteinuria: A retrospective of 150 cases
Authors: Fortuna Luca , Syme Harriet M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of additional risk factors for thrombotic disease (TD) among dogs with renal proteinuria is limited; these might differ for TD affecting the systemic arterial (AT), systemic venous (VT), and pulmonary circulation (PT).Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo compare signalment and clinicopathological data between dogs with renal proteinuria with or without TD, and between dogs with AT, VT, and PT.AnimalsOne hundred fifty client‐owned dogs with renal proteinuria, 50 of which had TD.MethodsRetrospective case‐controlled study. A database search (2004‐2021) identified proteinuric dogs (UPC > 2) with and without TD. Clinicopathological data were obtained from the records. TD and non‐TD (NTD) groups were compared by binary logistic regression, and AT, VT, and PT groups by multinomial regression. Normal data presented as mean ± SD, non‐normal data presented as median [25th, 75th percentiles].ResultsCavalier King Charles Spaniels were overrepresented in the TD group (OR = 98.8, 95% CI 2.09‐4671, P = .02). Compared to NTD cases, TD cases had higher concentration of neutrophils (11.06 [8.92, 16.58] × 109/L vs 7.31 [5.63, 11.06] × 109/L, P = .02), and lower concentration of eosinophils (0 [0, 0.21] × 109/L vs 0.17 [0.04, 0.41] × 109/L, P = .002) in blood, and lower serum albumin (2.45 ± 0.73 g/dL vs 2.83 ± 0.73 g/dL, P = .04). AT cases had higher serum albumin concentrations than VT cases (2.73 ± 0.48 g/dL vs 2.17 ± 0.49 g/dL, P = .03) and were older than PT cases (10.6 ± 2.6 years vs 7.0 ± 4.3 years, P = .008). VT cases were older (9.1 ± 4.2 years vs 7.0 ± 4.3 years, P = .008) and had higher serum cholesterol concentration (398 [309‐692 mg/dL] vs 255 [155‐402 mg/dL], P = .03) than PT cases.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDifferences between thrombus locations could reflect differences in pathogenesis.
Office‐based vergence and anti‐suppression therapy for the treatment of small‐to‐moderate angle intermittent exotropia: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Ma Martin Ming‐Leung , Kang Ying , Scheiman Mitchell , Chen Qiwen , Ye Xuelian , Pan Liuqing , Deng Jiayu , Su Guangxing , Zhang Guohui , Chen Xiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the short‐term (1 week after completion of treatment) effect of office‐based vergence and anti‐suppression therapy (OBVAT) on the Office Control Score when compared to observation alone in children with small‐to‐moderate angle intermittent exotropia (IXT).MethodsIn this single‐masked (examiner masked), two‐arm, single‐centre randomised clinical trial, 40 participants, 6 to <18 years of age with untreated IXT, were randomly assigned to OBVAT or observation alone. Participants assigned to therapy received 60 min of OBVAT with home reinforcement once per week for 16 weeks. Therapy included vergence, accommodation and anti‐suppression techniques. The primary outcome measure was the comparison of the distance Office Control Score between the two groups at the primary outcome visit (i.e., 17‐week follow‐up visit).ResultsAt the primary outcome visit, the OBVAT group (n = 20) had a significantly better distance Office Control Score (adjusted mean difference: −0.9; 95% CI: −0.2 to −1.5; p = 0.008; partial eta squared: 0.19) than the observation group (n = 16). Participants from the OBVAT group were more likely than those from the observation group to have ≥1 point of improvement at the 17‐week visit (OBVAT group: 75%; Observation group: 25%; p = 0.006).ConclusionsIn this randomised clinical trial of participants aged 6 to <18 years with IXT, we found that the OBVAT group had a significantly better distance Office Control Score than the observation group at the 17‐week visit. This study provides the first data from a randomised clinical trial demonstrating the effectiveness of OBVAT for improving the control of IXT. Eye care practitioners should consider OBVAT as a viable, non‐surgical treatment option for IXT. A full‐scale randomised clinical trial investigating the long‐term effectiveness of OBVAT in treating IXT is warranted.
Silencing ScGUX2 reduces xylan glucuronidation and improves biomass saccharification in sugarcane
Authors: Gallinari Rafael Henrique , Lyczakowski Jan J. , Llerena Juan Pablo Portilla , Mayer Juliana Lischka Sampaio , Rabelo Sarita Cândida , Menossi Teixeira Marcelo , Dupree Paul , Araujo Pedro 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThere is an increasing need for renewable energy sources to replace part of our fossil fuel‐based economy and reduce greenhouse gas emission. Sugarcane bagasse is a prominent feedstock to produce cellulosic bioethanol, but strategies are still needed to improve the cost‐effective exploitation of this potential energy source. In model plants, it has been shown that GUX genes are involved in cell wall hemicellulose decoration, adding glucuronic acid substitutions on the xylan backbone. Mutation of GUX genes increases enzyme access to cell wall polysaccharides, reducing biomass recalcitrance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we characterized the sugarcane GUX genes and silenced GUX2 in commercial hybrid sugarcane. The transgenic lines had no penalty in development under greenhouse conditions. The sugarcane GUX1 and GUX2 enzymes generated different patterns of xylan glucuronidation, suggesting they may differently influence the molecular interaction of xylan with cellulose and lignin. Studies using biomass without chemical or steam pretreatment showed that the cell wall polysaccharides, particularly xylan, were less recalcitrant in sugarcane with GUX2 silenced than in WT plants. Our findings suggest that manipulation of GUX in sugarcane can reduce the costs of second‐generation ethanol production and enhance the contribution of biofuels to lowering the emission of greenhouse gases.
The affective nexus between refugees and terrorism: A panel study on how social media use shapes negative attitudes toward refugees
Authors: Matthes Jörg , Kaskeleviciute Ruta , Knupfer Helena , Masood Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSocial media, as an important resource of information for many contentious topics, has great affective potential in terms of anger and fear. We investigated how exposure to news about refugees on social media is related to negative attitudes toward refugees as well as attitudinal differentiation with respect to Muslims and terrorists. A two‐wave panel survey (NT2 = 524) showed that social media use about refugees was not directly related to negative attitudes and attitudinal differentiation. However, we found that anger served as the affective nexus between the refugee topic and the terrorism topic: Social media use about refugees led to more anger about terrorism over time, which in turn led to more negative attitudes toward refugees. Fear with respect to terrorism did not play a role in this process. Overall, our findings underline the key role of anger, but not fear, when trying to understand negative reactions toward refugees.
Coenzyme Q10 improves the quality and in vitro fertility of post‐thawed buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) semen via its antioxidative effect
Authors: Ahmed Hussain , Ijaz Muhammad Umar , Jahan Sarwat , Riaz Mehreen , Samir Haney , Swelum Ayman A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effects of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the freezing medium on functional and oxidative stress parameters and in vitro fertilization (IVF) rate of buffalo sperm. Collected samples were relocated to the laboratory for initial evaluation, gentle dilution in extenders, cooling (4°C, 2 h), equilibration (4°C, 4 h), packaging (straws, 0.5 mL), programmable freezing, and thawing (37°C, 30 s). Statistical analysis depicted that adding CoQ10 (100 μM) in a freezing medium caused a significant augmentation in total motility (%), average path, and straight‐line velocities (μm/sec) of buffalo sperm than control. Adding CoQ10 (100 μM) improved sperm progressive motility, rapid velocity, and functional parameters (%) compared to the control and 10 μM of CoQ10. Moreover, CoQ10 in a freezing medium caused a significant augmentation in seminal plasma catalase (U/mL) and glutathione reductase (GSH; nmol/109) at 100 μM than control and other treatments. CoQ10 inclusion (100 μM) ameliorates seminal plasma superoxide dismutase (U/mL), glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST; nmol/mL/min) fructose (μg/mL), and ATP (nmol/million) than control. Furthermore, CoQ10 at 100 μM improved seminal plasma glutathione peroxidase (μM) levels than control, 10 μM, and 20 μM. Lastly, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; nM) production was significantly lower at 100 μM than at control and 10 μM. CoQ10 (100 μM) caused a significant augmentation in the un‐capacitated pattern followed by a reduction in the capacitated pattern, and apoptosis‐like changes (%) than control, and other treatments, whereas viability was increased than control and other treatments. CoQ10 (100 μM) significantly improved the IVF rate in comparison with control, CoQ10 at 10 μM, and 20 μM groups. In conclusion, the addition of CoQ10 (100 μM) in the freezing medium can improve the quality and in vitro fertility of post‐thawed buffalo semen via its antioxidative effect. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of CoQ10 on the in vivo fertility of buffalo bull semen.
Resurgent aspects of applied exponential asymptotics
Authors: Crew Samuel , Trinh Philippe H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn many physical problems, it is important to capture exponentially small effects that lie beyond‐all‐orders of an algebraic asymptotic expansion; when collected, the full asymptotic expansion is known as a trans‐series. Applied exponential asymptotics has been enormously successful in developing practical tools for studying the leading exponentials of a trans‐series expansion, typically for singularly perturbed nonlinear differential or integral equations. Separately to applied exponential asymptotics, there exists a related line of research known as Écalle's theory of resurgence, which, via Borel resummation, describes the connection between trans‐series and a certain class of holomorphic functions known as resurgent functions. Most applications and examples of Écalle's resurgence theory focus mainly on nonparametric asymptotic expansions (i.e., differential equations without a parameter). The relationships between these latter areas with applied exponential asymptotics have not been thoroughly examined—largely due to differences in language and emphasis. In this work, we establish these connections as an alternative framework to the factorial‐over‐power ansatz procedure in applied exponential asymptotics and clarify a number of aspects of applied exponential asymptotic methodology, including Van Dyke's rule and the universality of factorial‐over‐power ansatzes. We provide a number of useful tools for probing more pathological problems in exponential asymptotics and establish a framework for future applications to nonlinear and multidimensional problems in the physical sciences.
Phosphorus speciation under long‐term crop rotation management in a tropical soil
Authors: Rigon João Paulo Gonsiorkiewicz , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Calonego Juliano Carlos , Gatiboni Luciano Colpo , Pavinato Paulo Sérgio , Colzato Marina , Capuani Silvia , Rosolem Ciro Antonio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCrop rotation and soil management practices after native tropical forest conversion may impact the dynamics of inorganic and organic phosphorus (Pi and Po) species in the soil. By combining the state‐of‐the‐art spectroscopic methods P K‐edge X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), 31P liquid nuclear magnetic resonance (31P‐NMR) and chemical P fractionation, this study provides important insights on soil P speciation after conversion of native forest to cropland under distinct managements. A field trial was conducted in a weathered tropical soil to assess Pi and Po changes after conversion of native forest to cropland. The crop rotations were managed under no‐tillage (NT) or minimum tillage (MT) since 2003, and repeated annually until 2015, cropped in the fall–winter and spring seasons, followed by soybean in the summer. Soil XANES analysis in the end revealed that P was predominantly associated with ferrihydrite and hematite, suggesting that P speciation was more strongly influenced by the presence of iron(oxyhydr)oxide than by crop rotations and/or soil management. The conversion of native forest to cropland promoted the mineralization of Po species, leading to re‐adsorption in non‐labile forms and consequently worsening the P cycling in the system. To increase the labile P pools and supply crop P demand, inputs of inorganic fertilizers were required owing to the strong soil P sorption. Our results show that even conservation practices such as MT or NT and complex crop rotations are not sufficient to inhibit the impact of cropland conversion on soil P forms.
Clinical and exercise professional opinion of return-to-running readiness after childbirth: an international Delphi study and consensus statement
Authors: Christopher Shefali Mathur , Donnelly Gráinne , Brockwell Emma , Bo Kari , Davenport Margie H , De Vivo Marlize , Dufour Sinead , Forner Lori , Mills Hayley , Moore Isabel S , Olson Amanda , Deering Rita E 
Published: December 2023

Female athletes have identified a lack of guidance as a barrier to successfully returning to running postpartum, and existing guidelines are vague. Our aim was to define the current practice of determining postpartum run-readiness through a consensus survey of international clinicians and exercise professionals in postpartum exercise to assist clinicians and inform sport policy changes.A three-round Delphi approach was used to gain international consensus from clinicians and exercise professionals on run-readiness postpartum. Professionals who work with postpartum runners participated in an online survey to answer open-ended questions about the following postpartum return-to-running topics: definitions (runner and postpartum), key biopsychosocial milestones that runners need to meet, recommended screening, timeline to initiate running, support items, education topics and factors that contribute to advising against running. Consensus was defined as ≥75% participant agreement.One hundred and eighteen professionals participated in round I, 107 participated in round II (response rate 90.6%) and 95 participated in round III (response rate 80.5%). Responses indicated that, following a minimum 3-week period of rest and recovery, an individualised timeline and gradual return to running progression can be considered. Screening for medical and psychological concerns, current physical capacity, and prior training history is recommended prior to a return to running.This study proposes recommendations for the initial guidance on return-to-running postpartum, framed in the context of current research and consensus from professionals. Future research is needed to strengthen and validate specific recommendations and develop guidelines for best practice when returning-to-running after childbirth.