bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Need for new strategies to improve the recall and avoidance rates of contact allergens: A retrospective cohort study from Turkey
Authors: Özkaya Esen , Keskinkaya Zeynep 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies reported a low‐to‐moderate benefit from patch testing regarding allergen recall and avoidance.ObjectivesTo determine the allergen recall and avoidance rates of patients with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in Turkey.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study based on a phone questionnaire of 465 patients diagnosed with ACD from major allergen groups, that is, metals, preservatives, rubber, fragrances (ubiquitous allergens) and hair dye/black henna, topical drug and resins (nonubiquitous allergens), at our tertiary referral centre between 1996 and 2018.ResultsAmong 176 responders, allergen groups were remembered better (53.4%) than the individual allergens (36.9%). Age <40 years and keeping the allergy pass had a significantly positive impact on the recall rate of methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone and nickel, particularly non‐occupational nickel allergy from metal jewellery in females, respectively. Exacerbations of ACD (56.3%) were mainly due to reexposures to ubiquitous allergens. 42.9% of patients with occupational ACD changed or quit their job, most of them being construction workers and hairdressers, showing a high share (83.3%) of benefit.ConclusionsThe overall rates of allergen recall and avoidance were moderate. New strategies are needed to improve the recall and avoidance rates of contact allergens, such as increased use of allergy pass, smartphone applications and legal precautions.
Development of a nomogram to estimate the risk of community‐acquired pneumonia in adults with acute asthma exacerbations
Authors: Duan Yufan , Nafeisa Dilixiati , Lian Mengyu , Song Jie , Yang Jingjing , Hou Ziliang , Wang Jinxiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of acute asthma exacerbations (AEs) with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults and establish a CAP prediction model for hospitalized patients with AEs.MethodsWe retrospectively collected clinical data from 308 patients admitted to Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, for AEs from December 2017 to August 2021. The patients were divided into CAP and non‐CAP groups based on whether they had CAP. We used the Lasso regression technique and multivariate logistic regression analysis to select optimal predictors. We then developed a predictive nomogram based on the optimal predictors. The bootstrap method was used for internal validation. We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to assess the nomogram's discrimination, accuracy, and clinical practicability.ResultsThe prevalence of CAP was 21% (65/308) among 308 patients hospitalized for AEs. Independent predictors of CAP in patients hospitalized with an AE (P < 0.05) were C‐reactive protein > 10 mg/L, fibrinogen > 4 g/L, leukocytes > 10 × 109/L, fever, use of systemic corticosteroids before admission, and early‐onset asthma. The AUC of the nomogram was 0.813 (95% CI: 0.753–0.872). The concordance index of internal validation was 0.794. The calibration curve was satisfactorily consistent with the diagonal line. The DCA indicated that the nomogram provided a higher clinical net benefit when the threshold probability of patients was 3% to 89%.ConclusionsThe nomogram performed well in predicting the risk of CAP in hospitalized patients with AEs, thereby providing rapid guidance for clinical decision‐making.
Modified forced expiration technique using expiratory resistance in adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Watson Kathryn , Koenig Emma , Bannister Ashleigh , Mayne Virginia , Jacques Angela , Sawyer Abbey , Wood Jamie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundParticipation in airway clearance techniques (ACT) is important to minimise development of irreversible airway obstruction in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Positive expiratory pressure (PEP) and expiratory resistance devices (ERD) are often used as they can improve collateral ventilation and aid in the shearing of mucus from airways. This project looked to identify whether utilising an ERD during a forced expiration technique (FET) improves ease of expectoration, sputum amount and coughing frequency in patients with CF.MethodPatients with CF admitted for a respiratory exacerbation completed two sessions of 10 cycles of their usual ACT with half of the FET components performed with an ERD, half with FET alone.ResultsEOE, sputum wet weight, cough frequency and patient preference were similar between groups. Improved EOE without the ERD was found in participants who usually use PEP for their ACT regime.ConclusionCombining the FET with a PEP mask did not improve EOE and other outcomes in this small study. Investigating the efficacy of this technique within a larger population is warranted.
Hello darkness my old friend: What is wrong with being friends with people with immoral beliefs?
Authors: Wagner Jake 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany persons find it intuitive that being friends with someone with immoral beliefs is wrong as such. I contest this claim, instead I argue that there is nothing necessarily wrong with such friendships. In coming to this conclusion I examine a number of arguments, including two of the most notable contributions put forward by Mason (2021) and Isserow (2018), that attempt to elucidate the wrongness involved in such friendships and find they do not successfully do so. I conclude by offering some arguments as to why such friendships are not necessarily wrong.
Understanding motivations and satisfaction with sleep location among co‐sleeping (including bed‐sharing) parents
Authors: D'Souza Levita , Morris Zoe Anna , Borgkvist Ashlee , Blunden Sarah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe study objective was to understand intentions, sleep location preferences, and satisfaction with co‐sleeping (including bed‐sharing) arrangements in an internet‐based sample of self‐identified co‐sleeping parents.BackgroundWestern‐centric ideologies favor independent, self‐regulated, and consolidated sleep. Safe‐sleep recommendations advise against all forms of parent–child bed‐sharing while promoting room‐sharing. Co‐sleeping including bed‐sharing and room‐sharing is widely practiced globally and rates continue to increase in Western countries. Yet perspectives of co‐sleeping parents remain under‐researched.MethodA cross‐sectional study design was used to understand co‐sleeping parents' (n = 3,146) intentions, preferences, and satisfaction with co‐sleeping (room‐sharing and bed‐sharing) choices through a survey.ResultsCo‐sleeping practices were nuanced and varied with parents and children transitioning between sleep location and surfaces through the night. Although 64% of parents did not intend to co‐sleep before the birth of their child, 88% preferred the current co‐sleeping location, and 81% indicated satisfaction with it. Parental intention to co‐sleep (including bed‐share) was related to satisfaction with the arrangement. Parents who did not prefer any co‐sleeping arrangement at the current time were likely to be parenting older children. A thematic analysis yielded themes relating to the motivations underlying intent and preference, as well as reluctance and dissatisfaction with co‐sleeping arrangements.ConclusionCo‐sleeping including bed‐sharing continues to be practiced by parents in Western countries. Despite a lack of intent to engage with co‐sleeping including bed‐sharing, the majority of the parents in this sample were bed‐sharing with their infants and young children. Parents choose to room‐share and bed‐share for a range of reasons.ImplicationsParents voices highlight the need for safe co‐sleeping including bed‐sharing education. Considerations must be given to parents' perspectives in implementing nighttime infant care practices, including facilitating collaborative discussions with parents to assess and minimize potential risks associated with bed‐sharing.
Extracellular vesicles from cerebrospinal fluid revealed changes in miR‐19a‐3p and miR‐4516 expression in Slovene male suicides
Authors: Šalamon Arčan Iris , Katrašnik Mojca , Kouter Katarina , Zupanc Tomaž , Videtič Paska Alja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSuicide is an important public‐health concern, with more than 700,000 people dying by suicide yearly. It is a multifactorial phenomenon, shaped by the effects of sociodemographic, environmental and biological factors. The latter two factors can be linked through epigenetic studies, which examine differences in gene expression that are not due to changes in the DNA sequence itself. Epigenetic mechanisms include micro RNAs (miRNAs), which have a direct effect on already translated mRNA, leading to either decay or translational repression of the target mRNA. MiRNA molecules have been identified as cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) used by cells for long‐distance communication, and pathophysiological changes in miRNA in brain cells may be reflected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) vesicles. In this study we investigated the presence and differential expression of selected miRNAs in EVs from the CSF of male suicide completers and controls. Western blot and nanoparticle tracking analyses confirmed the presence of small and medium sized EVs. Of the miRNA analyzed (miR‐16‐5p, miR‐19a‐3p, miR‐34c‐5p, miR‐17‐5p, miR‐4286, miR‐26b‐5p, miR‐381‐3p, and miR‐4516) miR‐19a‐3p and miR‐4516 reached statistical significance with p‐values of 0.0408 and 0.0168, respectively. Mir‐4516 and miRNA‐19a‐3p have been previously studied in suicide, and target SLC6A4 and TNF‐α expression, correspondingly. Approximately 70% of known miRNAs are expressed in the central nervous system, and therefore represent an important biomarker potential. Investigating the cargo of CFS and blood EVs would further support the identification of miRNAs with clinical use potential.
Water Table Depth Estimates over the Contiguous United States Using a Random Forest Model
Authors: Ma Yueling , Leonarduzzi Elena , Defnet Amy , Melchior Peter , Condon Laura E. , Maxwell Reed M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWater table depth (WTD) has a substantial impact on the connection between groundwater dynamics and land surface processes. Due to the scarcity of WTD observations, physically‐based groundwater models are growing in their ability to map WTD at large scales; however, they are still challenged to represent simulated WTD compared to well observations. In this study, we develop a purely data‐driven approach to estimating WTD at continental scale. We apply a random forest (RF) model to estimate WTD over most of the contiguous United States (CONUS) based on available WTD observations. The estimated WTD are in good agreement with well observations, with a Pearson correlation coefficient (r) of 0.96 (0.81 during testing), a Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.93 (0.65 during testing), and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 6.87 m (15.31 m during testing). The location of each grid cell is rated as the most important feature in estimating WTD over most of the CONUS, which might be a surrogate for spatial information. In addition, the uncertainty of the RF model is quantified using quantile regression forests. High uncertainties are generally associated with locations having a shallow WTD. Our study demonstrates that the RF model can produce reasonable WTD estimates over most of the CONUS, providing an alternative to physics‐based modeling for modeling large‐scale freshwater resources. Since the CONUS covers many different hydrologic regimes, the RF model trained for the CONUS may be transferrable to other regions with a similar hydrologic regime and limited observations.
Plasma calcitonin gene–related peptide and nerve growth factor as headache and pain biomarkers in recently deployed soldiers with and without a recent concussion
Authors: Scher Ann I. , McGinley James S. , VanDam Lyndsey R. , Campbell Amanda M. , Chai Xiyun , Collins Billy , Klimp Scott A. , Finkel Alan G. , Schwab Karen , Lipton Richard B. , Johnson Kirk W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to characterize the utility of calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) and nerve growth factor (NGF) as potential biomarkers for headache and pain disorders in the post–military deployment setting.BackgroundThe need to improve recognition, assessment, and prognoses of individuals with posttraumatic headache or other pain has increased interest in the potential of CGRP and NGF as biomarkers.MethodsThe Warrior Strong Study (NCT01847040) is an observational longitudinal study of United States–based soldiers who had recently returned from deployment to Afghanistan or Iraq from 2009 to 2014. The present nested cross‐sectional analysis uses baseline data collected from soldiers returning to Fort Bragg, North Carolina.ResultsIn total, 264 soldiers (mean (standard deviation [SD] age 28.1 [6.4] years, 230/264 [87.1%] men, 171/263 [65.0%] White) were analyzed. Mean (SD) plasma levels of CGRP were 1.3 (1.1) pg/mL and mean levels of NGF were 1.4 (0.4) pg/mL. Age was negatively correlated with NGF (−0.01 pg/mL per year, p = 0.007) but was not associated with CGRP. Men had higher mean (SD) CGRP plasma levels than women (1.4 95% confidence interval [CI; 1.2] vs. 0.9 95% CI [0.5] pg/mL, p < 0.002, Kruskal–Wallis test). CGRP levels were lower in participants who had a headache at the time of the blood draw (1.0 [0.6] pg/mL vs. 1.4 [1.2] pg/mL, p = 0.024). NGF was lower in participants with continuous pain (all types; 1.2 [0.4] vs. 1.4 [0.4] pg/mL, p = 0.027) and was lower in participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI) + posttraumatic headache (PTH) versus TBI without PTH (1.3 [0.3] vs. 1.4 [0.4] pg/mL, p = 0.021). Otherwise, CGRP and NGF were not associated with migraine‐like headache, TBI status, or headache burden as measured by the number of medical encounters in crude or adjusted models.ConclusionIn this exploratory study, plasma levels of NGF and CGRP showed promise as biomarkers for headache and other types of pain. These findings need to be replicated in other cohorts.
Exploring implementation considerations forgeriatric‐HIVclinics: A secondary analysis from a scoping review onHIVmodels of geriatric care
Authors: Kokorelias Kristina Marie , Grosse Anna , Zhabokritsky Alice , Walmsley Sharon L. , Sirisegaram Luxey 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis review aimed to map the current state of knowledge regarding the implementation considerations of existing geriatric‐HIV models of care, to identify areas of further research and to inform the implementation of future geriatric‐HIV interventions that support older adults living with HIV.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review that was methodologically informed by the Arskey and O’Malley's 5 step framework and theoretically informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). A systematic search of six databases was conducted for peer‐reviewed literature. The grey literature was also searched. Article screening was performed in duplicate. Data was extracted for the purpose of this secondary analysis using a data extraction template informed by the CFIR. Data was inductively and deductively analyzed.ResultsIn total, 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. The models of care described varied in terms of their location and setting, the number and type of care providers involved, the mechanism of patient referral, the type of assessments and interventions performed and the methods of longitudinal patient follow‐up. Four key categories emerged to describe factors that influenced their implementation: care provider buy‐in, patient engagement, mechanisms of communication and collaboration, and available resources.ConclusionsThe findings from this scoping review provide an initial understanding of the key factors to consider when implementing geriatric‐HIV models of care. We recommend health system planners consider mechanisms of communication and collaboration, opportunities for care provider buy‐in, patient engagement and available resources. Future research should explore implementation in more diverse settings to understand the nuances that influence implementation and care delivery.
Evaluation of the combined effects of sodium chloride, potassium sorbate, citric acid, vacuum packaging and refrigerated storage on shelf‐life extension of desalted hake
Authors: Marchetti Marion Daniela , Perez Cenci Marianina , Ameztoy Irene Mabel , Gomez Paula Luisina , Garcia Loredo Analia Belen 
Published: October 2023

SummaryIn this comprehensive investigation, we examined the impact of incorporating sodium chloride, potassium sorbate and citric acid, during the desalting stage to extend the shelf life of desalted hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Compared to the conventional desalting carried out in water, the desalting with the additive assayed significantly reduced total aerobic bacteria counts and extended the shelf life by threefold (from 5.7 to 21.7 days at 4 °C). After 42 days of storage in vacuum packaging, the desalted with additives hake samples showed low levels of volatile nitrogenous compounds and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (21.78 ± 0.56 mg TBVN 100 g−1 and 0.531 ± 0.015 mg MDA kg−1, respectively). Mechanical and colour parameters remained stable, and sensory characteristics (smell, appearance, texture, taste) did not change for 28 days at 4 °C. These findings demonstrate that the incorporation of additives into a meticulously designed three‐stage desalting process enables the production of a ready‐to‐use fishery product with an extended market life under refrigeration.
State ownership and financial statement comparability
Authors: Francis William , Gu Xian , Hasan Iftekhar , Kong Joon Ho 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates how state ownership affects financial reporting practices in China. Using several measures of state (government) ownership, we show that a one‐standard‐deviation increase in state ownership decreases financial statement comparability by 36.61%, and the impact is more pronounced when the central authority has majority control of the company. Moreover, lower earnings quality and lower levels of accounting conservatism among state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) may explain the lower accounting comparability between SOEs and non‐SOEs (NSOEs). Additionally, similar (different) managerial objectives converge (diverge) financial statement comparability between SOEs and NSOEs. Last, the geographical locations of firms also contribute to financial statement comparability. We employ a difference‐in‐differences design, changes regression and entropy balancing to mitigate potential endogeneity bias.
Identification of hub genes in bladder transitional cell carcinoma through ceRNA network construction integrated with gene network analysis
Authors: Wang Hai , Gao Lei , Chen Yin , Zhang Lei , Bai Yu , Zhao Cuiping , Zhang Lifeng , Zuo Li , Sun Heyun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) forms more than 90% of bladder cancer cases. It brings challenges to the early diagnosis and therapy of BTCC, due to lack of efficient screening biomarkers. We used weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) combined competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network construction depending on TCGA datasets to investigate potential hub genes and regulatory pathways associated with occurrence and progression of BTCC. We further used real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) to validate the relative expression genes correlated with BTCC. By WGCNA, the gene co‐expression module with 11 genes was found corelated with BTCC tumour stage and prognosis after survival analyses. Ultimately, we put 100 highly stage‐related genes into the above constructed ceRNA network and then constructed another new network. Among them, all elements in AC112721.1/LINC00473/AC128709.1‐hsa‐mir‐195‐RECK and LINC00460‐hsa‐mir‐429‐ZFPM2 axes were simultaneously corelated with overall survival. RT‐PCR showed that AKAP12 was downregulated in tumour tissues. The hub genes screened out in the present study may provide ideals for further treatment on BTCC.
Symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder in early career nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A longitudinal survey study
Authors: Brook Judy , Duguid Beverley , Miller Naomi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the mental well‐being of early career nurses working in the United Kingdom during the COVID‐19 pandemic, with a particular emphasis on symptoms related to post‐traumatic stress disorder.DesignA longitudinal survey study.MethodsData were acquired at three timepoints during the COVID‐19 pandemic (between May 2020 and March 2021) to determine whether symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder persisted over time. Quantitative measures of well‐being were supplemented with survey data on the nurses' experiences of working during the pandemic.ResultsTwenty‐seven per cent of participants suffered from persistent symptoms of post‐traumatic stress while working as nurses during the pandemic. The nurses' baseline resilience, as well as their perception of the quality of their work environment, were significant negative predictors of symptoms of post‐traumatic stress. Participants identified a range of strategies that would have helped them during the crisis, including visible, consistent and empathetic leadership, adequate training and a supportive work environment.ConclusionThe context of the pandemic has highlighted the vulnerability of the psychological well‐being of early career nurses in the workforce. Immediate implementation of some of the more simple interventions suggested in this paper would provide early career nurses with rapid support. More complex support mechanisms should be given immediate consideration, with a view to implementation in the longer term.Implications for the ProfessionThis study contributes new knowledge about the psychological well‐being of early career nurses working during the pandemic and suggests support mechanisms that will be crucial for the retention of these nurses in the profession. A measurement of resilience may be useful for determining the appropriate level of support to provide to early career nurses.Impact

Early career nurses are vulnerable to attrition from the profession. This could be exacerbated if the psychological well‐being of these nurses is not being supported.

Around 25% of early career nurses suffered from persistent symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder while working as nurses during the height of the pandemic, which is a novel finding compared to other longitudinal studies.

Understanding the psychological well‐being of early career nurses working during a crisis period (such as a pandemic) equips nurse managers with appropriate strategies to improve nurses' emotional health and to enhance their retention within the workforce.

The current findings may be of interest to clinical practitioners who have responsibility for the retention of nursing staff.

No patient or public contribution.One of the authors is a statistician.