bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of insulin resistance in patients with female reproductive system malignancies: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Yue , Zhang Qi , Zhang Xi , Ge Yi‐Zhong , Ruan Guo‐Tian , Xie Hai‐Lun , Liu Tong , Song Meng‐Meng , Deng Li , Shi Han‐Ping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) and systemic inflammation are common in patients with cancer and are associated with poor prognosis. Few studies have reported IR in female reproductive system malignancies. This study investigated the prognostic value of IR and systemic inflammation in this population.MethodsA prospective multicenter real‐world cohort study involving 571 patients diagnosed with female reproductive system malignancies was conducted. Lipid ratios (low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol [LHR], total cholesterol/HDL‐cholesterol [TCHR], triglyceride/HDL‐cholesterol [TGHR], fasting triglyceride/glucose [TyG]) were used to reflect IR. Optimal cut‐off values were determined using maximally selected rank statistics. The Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression were used to calculate the hazard ratios for overall survival.ResultsOver half (55.90%) of the 571 patients with female reproductive system malignancies (mean age: 52 years) had cervical cancer. Both IR and inflammation were negatively correlated with overall survival in female reproductive system cancer patients. Multivariate survival analysis showed that patients with high LHR (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–2.25, p = .046), high TCHR (HR: 1.90, 95% CI:1.22–2.95, p = .005), high TGHR (HR: 1.66, 95% CI:1.17–2.36, p = .004), high TyG (HR: 1.64, 95% CI:1.13–2.40, p = .010), high neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR, HR: 2.03, 95% CI:1.44–2.86, p = .004) were significantly associated with worse prognosis. By calculating the concordance index of the four IR surrogate indicators, TyG was the most valuable indicator for the prognosis of patients with malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. High TyG combined with high NLR had improved prognostic value (HR: 3.22, 95% CI: 1.97–5.26, p < .001).ConclusionsIR can be used as an independent predictor of prognosis in the female reproductive system malignancy population regardless of the IR substitution index. The combination of TyG and NLR could better predict the prognostic outcomes of women with breast cancer.
Association between COVID‐19 and sensorineural hearing loss: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study in European and East Asian population
Authors: Wang Fengyang , Yin Qiuyuan , Zhu Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLong coronavirus disease (COVID), characterized by persistent and sometimes debilitating symptoms following a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, has garnered increasing attention as a potential public health crisis. Emerging evidence indicates a higher incidence of hearing loss in individuals who have had COVID 2019 (COVID‐19) compared to the general population. However, the conclusions were inconsistent, and the causal relationship between COVID‐19 and sensorineural hearing loss remains unknown.MethodsTo addresses this outstanding issue, we performed Mendelian randomization analysis to detect the causal association between COVID‐19 and hearing loss using the largest genome‐wide association study data to date in the European population and confirmed the results in the East Asian population. Comprehensively sensitive analyses were followed, including Cochran's Q test, Mendelian randomization (MR)‐Egger intercept test, MR‐pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, and leave‐one‐out analysis, to validate the robustness of our results.ResultsOur results suggested that there is no causal association between COVID‐19 and the risk of hearing loss in the European population. Neither the susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity of COVID‐19 on hearing loss (inverse variance weighted method: odds ratio (OR) = 1.046, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.907–1.205, p = .537; OR = 0.995, 95% CI = 0.956–1.036, p = .823; OR = 0.995, 95% CI = 0.967–1.025, p = .76). Replicated analyses in the East Asian population yielded consistent results. No pleiotropy and heterogeneity were found in our results.ConclusionIn conclusion, our MR results do not support a genetically predicted causal relationship between COVID‐19 and sensorineural hearing loss. Thus, the associations observed in prior observational studies may have been influenced by confounding factors rather than a direct cause‐and‐effect relationship. More clinical and mechanism research are needed to further understand this association in the future.
Amino acid deprivation induces TXNIP expression by NRF2 downregulation
Authors: Ahn Se Hee , Jang Se‐Kyeong , Kim Yu Jin , Kim Gyeongmi , Park Ki Soo , Park In‐Chul , Jin Hyeon‐Ok 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) is sensitive to oxidative stress and is involved in the pathogenesis of various metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, several studies have suggested that TXNIP is a promising therapeutic target for several diseases, particularly cancer and diabetes. However, the regulation of TXNIP expression under amino acid (AA)‐restricted conditions is not well understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that TXNIP expression was promoted by the deprivation of AAs, especially arginine, glutamine, lysine, and methionine, in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Interestingly, we determined that increased TXNIP expression induced by AA deprivation was associated with nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) downregulation, but not with activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) activation. Furthermore, N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC), a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressed TXNIP expression in NSCLC cells deprived of AA. Collectively, the induction of TXNIP expression by AA deprivation was mediated by ROS production, potentially through NRF2 downregulation. Our findings suggest that TXNIP expression may be associated with the redox homeostasis of AA metabolism and provide a possible rationale for a therapeutic strategy to treat cancer with AA restriction.
The polymethine nature of Vis/NIR chromophores
Authors: Dähne Siegfried , Yesudas Kada , Dekhtyar Marina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe polymethine concept is known to rationalize a plethora of spectroscopic issues, thus finding wide applications in modern color theory. This approach was questioned by the arguments in the relevant “dye” literature. Based on the critical analysis of these arguments, the errors are clarified and the superiority of the polymethine concept above other attempts to qualitatively explain color and constitution relationships is exemplified at relevant dye molecules absorbing in the visible and near‐infrared spectral region. The classical chromophore theory, topological approaches, different‐level semiempirical techniques, and DFT/ab initio methods are comparatively analyzed to interpret the optical effects of structural modifications in conjugated compounds regarded as polymethine derivatives.
Serological methods for the detection of antibodies against monkeypox virus applicable for laboratories with different biosafety levels
Authors: Grossegesse Marica , Stern Daniel , Hofmann Natalie , Surtees Rebecca , Kohl Claudia , Michel Janine , Nitsche Andreas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in 2022 has renewed interest in the detection of antibodies against orthopox viruses (OPXV) and MPXV, as serological methods can aid diagnostics and are key to epidemiological studies. Here three complementary serological methods are described with different strengths to aid the development and evaluation of in‐house assays: An immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for specific detection of IgG and IgM, an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for higher sample throughput to aid epidemiological studies and a neutralization test to detect virus neutralizing antibodies. As implementation of MPXV‐specific diagnostics is often hampered by the requirement for a dedicated biosafety level 3 laboratory (BSL‐3), the focus of this study is on biosafety aspects to facilitate safe testing also under BSL‐2 conditions. To this aim, it was analyzed whether OPXV, which can be handled under BSL‐2 conditions, could be used as less virulent alternatives to MPXV. Furthermore, an inactivation method was established to remove up to five log‐steps of infectious virus particles from viraemic sera without compromising antibody detection. The results show that immunological cross‐reactivity between OPXV provides an opportunity for the interchangeable usage of different OPXV species in serological assays, enabling MPXV serology outside of BSL‐3 facilities.
Clinical implication of the patient's disease awareness and adherence to medications in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Sawada Masanaru , Otsuka Naoto , Nagashima Koichi , Watanabe Ryuta , Wakamatsu Yuji , Hayashida Satoshi , Hirata Shu , Hirata Moyuru , Kurokawa Sayaka , Okumura Yasuo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of the patient's disease awareness on the management of postablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) are unknown.MethodsOne hundred thirty‐three AF patients undergoing an initial ablation were given a disease awareness questionnaire with a score of 16 points (8 points about AF in general and 8 points about oral anticoagulants) for the Jessa Atrial Fibrillation Knowledge Questionnaire (JAKQ) before and 1‐year‐after ablation. We divided them into the poor disease awareness group and good disease awareness group according to the median value (75%) of the total JAKQ score about AF in general, and compared the baseline patient characteristics and the 1‐year changes in the JAKQ score, medication adherence, blood pressure, laboratory data, echocardiographic parameters, and AF/atrial tachycardia (AT) recurrence rate between the two groups.ResultsForty‐two (31.6%) patients were classified as having poor disease awareness (<75% of the total JAKQ score), which was closely associated with poor medication adherence, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and greater left atrial volume (LAV). These trends in the poor disease awareness group remained unchanged 1 year after the ablation. During the 25.3‐month follow‐up, the AF/AT recurrence rate was significantly higher in the poor disease awareness than the good disease awareness group (23.8% vs. 7.7%; p = .003 by the log‐rank test).ConclusionsPoor disease awareness was linked to poor medication adherence, lifestyle‐related diseases, and greater LAV before and even 1 year after the ablation, making it a potential surrogate marker for AF/AT recurrence. These findings highlight the clinical significance of disease awareness in AF management.
Investigation of the antibiotic residues of broiler meat in northern Iran
Authors: Vahedi Nouri Nasrollah , Salehi Alireza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntibiotic residues have always been one of the major concerns of consumers, especially when it comes to animal products. On the one hand, chicken meat has the highest consumption proportion in Iran. On the other hand, sadly due to the specific physiological properties of this animal and its breeding system, the administration of drugs such as antibiotics is very common. Consequently, the health effects of these drugs must be investigated, because their effects on human health are unignorable. In this regard, this research examined the residues of antibiotics in industrial poultry meat in Mazandaran province by employing the Premi‐Test method.ResultsAccordingly, by testing 200 carcasses from 40 poultry farms in Mazandaran province for a year, it was shown that a total of 108 carcasses (54%) contained antibiotic residues. Moreover, it was observed that the frequency of carcasses with antibiotic residues in different seasons was different, including Winter with 36 cases, Autumn with 28 cases, Summer with 24 cases, and Spring with 20 cases.ConclusionDespite the difference between the mean percentages of antibiotic carcasses in different seasons, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). However, more strict laws and monitoring programs are needed for reducing the current amounts of antibiotic residues in broilers.
Effect of temperature during flowering, pod set, and seed development on yield components and accumulation of protein, starch, and low molecular weight carbohydrates in two faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivars
Authors: Lundby Anne Marthe , Waalen Wendy , Uhlen Anne Kjersti , Knutsen Svein Halvor , Wold Anne‐Berit 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim was to explore the impact of temperature during seed development on yield performance and seed quality in faba bean when grown at cool temperatures representative for high latitude regions. Two varieties, an early and a medium late maturing, were grown in climate chambers with three temperature regimes (day/night temperatures of 14°C/12°C, 19°C/12°C, and 24°C/12°C) from onset of flowering to maturation. Yield components were recorded, and the accumulation of protein, starch, and low molecular weight carbohydrates including the raffinose family oligosaccharides was followed during the accumulation phase until physiological maturity. The lower temperature regimes strongly delayed pod and seed development compared with 24°C/12°C. Temperature affected the number of pods per plant for the upper node group. Plants grown at 19°C had the highest total dry seed weight compared with plants grown at 14°C and 24°C. Temperature per se did not influence the content of starch, protein, and low molecular weight carbohydrates, while their accumulation followed the moisture content in the seed, and thus the seed development stage. The content of raffinose family oligosaccharides increased sharply when the seed moisture dropped below 70% and leveled off at about 40% and 50% moisture for verbascose and stachyose, respectively, coinciding with physiological maturity. The results provide more knowledge about the seed maturation and accumulation in faba bean under low temperatures, important for cultivation under high latitude regions.
Naringin Protects against Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Promoting Autophagic Flux and Lipophagy
Authors: Guan Lingling , Guo Lan , Zhang Heng , Liu Hao , Zhou Wenling , Zhai Yuanyuan , Yan Xu , Men Xiuli , Peng Liang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe autophagic degradation of lipid droplets, termed lipophagy, is the main mechanism contributing to lipid consumption in hepatocytes. Identifying effective and safe natural compounds that target lipophagy to eliminate excess lipids may be a potential therapeutic strategy for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here the effects of naringin on NAFLD and the underlying mechanisms involved are investigated. Naringin treatment effectively relieves HFD‐induced hepatic steatosis in mice and inhibits PA‐induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Increased p62 and LC3‐II levels are observed with excess lipid support autophagosome accumulation and impaired autophagic flux. Treatment with naringin restores TFEB‐mediated lysosomal biogenesis, thereby promoting the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, restoring impaired autophagic flux and further inducing lipophagy. However, the knockdown of TFEB in hepatocytes or the hepatocyte‐specific knockout of TFEB in mice abrogates naringin‐induced lipophagy, eliminating its therapeutic effect on hepatic steatosis. These results demonstrate that TFEB‐mediated lysosomal biogenesis and subsequent lipophagy play essential roles in the ability of naringin to mitigate hepatic steatosis and suggest that naringin is a promising drug for treating NAFLD.
Treatment of high‐risk Hodgkin lymphoma with a modified Stanford V regimen in the AHOPCA: Substituting chemotherapy agents and hampered outcomes
Authors: Luna‐Fineman Sandra , Castellanos Mauricio , Metzger Monika L. , Baez L. Fulgencio , Peña Hernandez Armando , Bonilla Miguel , Fuentes‐Alabi Soad , Nieves Rosa , Blanco Jessica , Rossi Emanuela , Devidas Meenakshi , Chen Yichen , Arreola Magda , de Alarcon Pedro A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground/objectivesHigh‐risk Hodgkin lymphoma (HRHL) in children is curable with combined modality therapy. The Association of Pediatric Hematology‐Oncology of Central America (AHOPCA) is a consortium of cancer centers from Central America. In 2004, AHOPCA implemented a guideline with a short course of chemotherapy (mStanfordV), strict diagnostics, and radiation guidelines, aimed at reducing abandonment and improving outcomes.MethodsNewly diagnosed children less than 18 years of age with high‐risk HL (Ann Arbor stages: IIB, IIIB, IV) from AHOPCA centers were staged with chest radiography and ultrasound or computed tomography. Therapy was a modified Stanford V (mStanfordV), substituting cyclophosphamide for mechlorethamine and involved field radiation.ResultsOf 219 patients with HRHL, 181 patients were eligible and evaluable; 146 (81%) were boys, 22% being less than 6 years; 43 were stage IIB, 84 IIIB, and 54 IV. Thirty‐one (17%) abandoned therapy, 28 (15%) progressed, 30 (17%) relapsed, and eight (4%) died of toxicity. Radiation guidelines were not followed. Five‐year abandonment‐sensitive event‐free survival and overall survival (AS‐EFS, AS‐OS ± SE) for the cohort were 46% ± 4% and 56% ± 4%; 5‐year AS‐OS for stages IIB, IIIB, and IV was 76% ± 7%, 59% ± 7%, and 35% ± 7% (p = .0006).ConclusionDespite instituting a short treatment guideline, it did not improve the abandonment rate (17%) and did not achieve the reported outcomes of Stanford V. The cyclophosphamide dose used to replace merchlorethamine was inadequate. Despite strict guidelines, the radiation therapy application was inaccurate. Weekly chemotherapy may have adversely affected abandonment of therapy by increasing the burden of travel time. Based on these results, AHOPCA established a new abandonment strategy and a new guideline.
Improving safety at scale via concise, impactful diabetes training for all health and social care staff
Authors: Miller Ruth , Ward Candice 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Diabetes 10 Point Training (D10PT) was developed collaboratively due to evidence that there is an urgent ongoing need for diabetes training among all levels of health care workers.A good understanding of diabetes is key to patient safety across the entire patient pathway including health and social care sectors.D10PT is translatable across all care settings with ability to reach staff and now, utilising the Cambridge Diabetes Education Programmes (CDEP) online platform, is available at scale and provides frontline staff with readily‐accessible basic diabetes training that is highly relevant to their role.We want to share our experiences of providing high‐quality, standardised and scalable, but appropriately targeted diabetes training to frontline non‐diabetes specialist staff and the impact it has on the outcomes of people living with all types of diabetes. Copyright © 2023 John Wiley & Sons.
Variation in the reporting of glucose values during simultaneous glucose sensor wear
Authors: Sutton Hannah , Boughton Charlotte K , Allen Janet M , Ware Julia , Wilinska Malgorzata E , Hartnell Sara , Thankamony Ajay , Randell Tabitha , Ghatak Atrayee , Besser Rachel EJ , Elleri Daniela , Trevelyan Nicola , Campbell Fiona M , Hovorka Roman ,   CLOuD Consortium
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: We evaluated variations in glucose values recorded by simultaneously worn glucose sensors.Method: Children (n=44) randomised to the hybrid closed‐loop arm of the CLOuD study (Closed‐Loop from Onset of Diabetes) had multiple two‐week periods of simultaneous sensor wear (sensors A and B or sensors C and D worn together) during unrestricted living. Glucose metrics were calculated from each sensor and paired sample T‐tests were used to evaluate differences.Results: Sensor A recorded lower mean glucose by 0.4mmol/L (95% CI ‐0.8, ‐0.1) (mean±SD 7.6±0.5mmol/L vs 8.0±0.9mmol/L), 2.1 percentage points (95% CI ‐3.4, ‐0.9) less time <3.9mmol/L (median [IQR] 3.2% [2.3, 4.4] vs 4.3% [2.5, 7.4]), and 7.9 percentage points (95% CI 5.0,10.7) greater time 3.9–10.0mmol/L (78.7±5.1% vs 70.8±8.0%) than sensor B. Sensor C recorded higher mean glucose by 1.2mmol/L (95% CI 1.0, 1.5) (8.3±0.7mmol/L vs 7.1±2.7mmol/L), 9.9 percentage points (95% CI ‐11.8, ‐8.0) less time <3.9mmol/L (median [IQR] 2.2% [1.6, 3.4] vs 12.8% [8.0, 17.2]), and 3.9 percentage points (95% CI 2.2, 5.7) greater time 3.9–10.0mmol/L (73.1±6.9% vs 69.2±8.3%) than sensor D.Conclusions: There is significant variability in reporting of glucose values by different sensors worn during unrestricted living. Copyright © 2023 John Wiley & Sons.
Psychological and physiological stress and stressors in early childhood educators: An observational pilot study
Authors: Bates Randi A. , Dynia Jaclyn M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhile early childhood educators' mental health is important, it may also affect the well‐being and education of their students. Yet, little research has described the stress and stressors of early childhood educators (ECEs), particularly as the pandemic wanes. This pilot study aimed to (1) describe ECEs' psychological and physiological stress and (2) examine the association between ECEs' psychological and physiological stress levels with stressors. A convenience sample of 67 ECEs, serving children 0–5 years old, from 13 early educational centers completed surveys on psychological stress (perceived stress, anxiety, and depression), stressors (economic hardship, food insecurity, and adverse childhood experiences), and demographics in Fall 2021. A subsample of ECEs provided hair samples, analyzed for cortisol, to estimate physiologic stress. Regarding stress, 63% met the criteria for major depressive disorder and 41% for generalized anxiety disorder. Only 26% were taking medications to manage mental health. About 25% experienced the stressors of food insecurity and economic hardship, and 80% experienced at least one adverse childhood experience. Only education level significantly predicted perceived stress and depression—above and beyond stressors, household income, race, and age. The results have policy and practice implications for implementing evidence‐based solutions to buffer stress and stressors in ECEs.
Home buyout without relocation: An examination of dissonant hazard mitigation perceptions among Gulf Coast residents
Authors: Hotard Abbey E. , Ross Ashley D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRelocation has become a major thrust of hazard mitigation policy. Home buyout programs are currently the primary policy tool to facilitate permanent voluntary relocation of households out of flood‐prone areas. This study seeks to evaluate public perceptions of relocation and home buyouts to better understand: Are home buyouts perceived by the public as a means to relocate away from risk? If not—who has dissonant perceptions? An original survey of Gulf Coast residents demonstrates that about 30% of households have dissonant perceptions of home buyout programs in relation to relocation away from disaster risk. Among those with aligned perceptions, individuals with higher risk perceptions and disaster experiences are more likely to consider relocating and participating in a home buyout; the same is not evident among those with dissonant perceptions. The individual‐level factors associated with dissonant relocation‐home buyout perceptions suggest that this part of the community may be misdirecting efforts and resources dedicated for community‐wide hazard risk reduction. These findings should be used to develop more efficient policy tools to facilitate retreat from the most flood‐prone areas.