bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photo‐Modulated Ionic Polymer as an Adaptable Electron Transport Material for Optically Switchable Pixel‐Free Displays
Authors: Wang Zehong , Dong Shilong , Yuan Wenqiang , Li Jin , Ma Xiaodong , Liu Feng , Jiang Xuesong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn addition to electrically driven organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) displays that rely on complicated and costly circuits for switching individual pixel illumination, developing a facile approach that structures pixel‐free light‐emitting displays with exceptional precision and spatial resolution via external photo‐modulation holds significant importance for advancing consumer electronics. Here, optically switchable organic light‐emitting pixel‐free displays (OSPFDs) are presented and fabricated by judiciously combining an adaptive photosensitive ionic polymer as electron transport materials (ETM) with external photo‐modulation as the switching mode while ensuring superior illumination performance and seamless imaging capability. By irradiating the solution‐processed OSPFDs with light at specific wavelengths, efficient and reversible tuning of both electron transport and electroluminescence is achieved simultaneously. This remarkable control is achieved by altering the energetic matching within OSPFDs, which also exhibits a high level of universality and adjustable flexibility in the three primary color‐based light‐emitting displays. Moreover, the ease of creating and erasing desired pixel‐free emitting patterns through a non‐invasive photopatterning process within a single OSPFD is demonstrated, thereby rendering this approach promising for commercial displaying devices and highly precise pixelated illuminants.
On the Durability of Tin‐Containing Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Lei , Fu Sheng , Li You , Sun Nannan , Yan Yanfa , Song Zhaoning 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTin (Sn)‐containing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant attention in the field of perovskite optoelectronics due to lower toxicity than their lead‐based counterparts and their potential for tandem applications. However, the lack of stability is a major concern that hampers their development. To achieve the long‐term stability of Sn‐containing PSCs, it is crucial to have a clear and comprehensive understanding of the degradation mechanisms of Sn‐containing perovskites and develop mitigation strategies. This review provides a compendious overview of degradation pathways observed in Sn‐containing perovskites, attributing to intrinsic factors related to the materials themselves and environmental factors such as light, heat, moisture, oxygen, and their combined effects. The impact of interface and electrode materials on the stability of Sn‐containing PSCs is also discussed. Additionally, various strategies to mitigate the instability issue of Sn‐containing PSCs are summarized. Lastly, the challenges and prospects for achieving durable Sn‐containing PSCs are presented.
Rational Design of Oxygen Species Adsorption on Nonnoble Metal Catalysts for Two‐Electron Oxygen Reduction
Authors: He Chaohui , Xia Chenfeng , Li Fu‐Min , Zhang Jian , Guo Wei , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMolecular oxygen can be electrochemically reduced to water via the 4e− transfer pathway or hydrogen peroxide via a 2e− pathway, which holds significant relevance within energy conversion and chemical synthesis. The specific oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) pathways intricately hinge upon the adsorption configuration and state of oxygen species. Precisely steering the adsorption state of oxygen species at the active sites serves as a crucial guiding principle for the design and preparation of ORR catalysts. This review succinctly summarizes the strategies employed to regulate the adsorption state of oxygen species on nonnoble metal catalyst surfaces, encompassing insights into the adsorption mechanism and state regulation of oxygen intermediates, with a particular focus on the 2e− ORR pathway to produce H2O2. Moreover, the persistent challenges that remain in the realm of non‐noble metal oxygen catalysts are pointed out and the prospects for their future development are meticulously evaluated.
Use of GIS‐based multicriteria evaluation for improved selection of suitable sites for cage fish farming in Mwanza Gulf, Lake Victoria
Authors: Mabula Makemie Jumanne , Kisanga Danielson , Pamba Siajali , Limbu Samwel Mchele 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStagnating capture fisheries and increasing fish protein demand necessitate aquaculture production to bridge the gap. Lake Victoria is a potential water body for increasing fish production through cage farming. The sustainability of Lake Victoria for cage farming depends on timely and holistic site selection. However, current site selection methods involve complex, resource‐intensive field surveys that lack a holistic approach to integrate multiple factors. Accordingly, information regarding suitable sites for sustainable fish cage farming in Lake Victoria remains scarce. In this study, a transparent geographic information systems (GIS) and multicriteria evaluation (MCE) here after reffered to as GIS‐MCE was used to reveal potential sites to be permitted or avoided during cage aquaculture development in the Mwanza Gulf of Lake Victoria (Tanzania). Our analysis involved weighting and integration of sub‐models representing ecologically sensitive areas, physical environment, and socio‐economic and water quality variables into a single spatial model portraying different site suitability levels in the Mwanza Gulf. The results indicated that the sub‐models identified relatively larger suitable and most suitable sites compared to the overall model. No site maintained its status across all sub‐models. The overall model designated a small area (5.10 km2 or 1.52%) as the most suitable site, with 24.20 km2 (7.44%) as suitable, 64.47 km2 (19.82%) as less suitable, and 42.63 km2 (13.12%) as unsuitable for cage fish farming. The remaining area (188.84 km2 or 58.06%) was a constrained site to be avoided during cage aquaculture development. Taken together, the individual sub‐models are ineffective in designating potential sites for fish cage culture and thus should not be used solely. The GIS‐MCE general model provides a fast and timely method for identifying potential sites for cage farming in Lake Victoria. Fish farmers and managers should use the GIS‐MCE overall model in inland waters to facilitate site selection for complying with licensing requirements and decrease field extensive surveys.
Active Sites in Cr(III)‐Based Ethylene Polymerization Catalysts from Machine‐Learning‐Supported XAS and EPR Spectroscopy**
Authors: Ashuiev Anton , Giorgia Nobile Anna , Trummer David , Klose Daniel , Guda Sergey , Safonova Olga V. , Copéret Christophe , Guda Alexander , Jeschke Gunnar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ethylene polymerization Phillips catalyst has been employed for decades and is central to the polymer industry. While Cr(III) alkyl species are proposed to be the propagating sites, there is so far no direct experimental evidence for such proposal. In this work, by coupling Surface organometallic chemistry, EPR spectroscopy, and machine learning‐supported XAS studies, we have studied the electronic structure of well‐defined silica‐supported Cr(III) alkyls and identified the presence of several surface species in high and low‐spin states, associated with different coordination environments. Notably, low‐spin Cr(III) sites are shown to participate in ethylene polymerization, indicating that similar Cr(III) alkyl species could be involved in the related Phillips catalyst.
Domino‐Redox Reaction Induced by An Electrochemically Triggered Conformational Change
Authors: Harimoto Takashi , Tadokoro Tomoki , Sugiyama Soichiro , Suzuki Takanori , Ishigaki Yusuke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe concept of a domino‐type reaction has been applied in a wide range of fields such as synthetic organic chemistry, material engineering, and life science. To extend the domino concept to redox chemistry, we designed and synthesized a dimeric quinodimethane (QD) with a nonplanar dithiin spacer. The domino‐redox properties can be activated by raising the temperature, based on a thermally equilibrated twisted conformation of QD, which has a higher HOMO level that is more readily oxidized. After one QD unit is oxidized (trigger), steric repulsion and electronic interaction between electrophores make the neighboring QD unit adopt a twisted conformation (domino process), which facilitates the following oxidation. Thus, a domino‐redox reaction was achieved for the first time by a change in the HOMO level due to a drastic change in the molecular conformation.
Linking courtship calls and observed behaviours of Epinephelus marginatus in the wild offers new insights into its reproduction and conservation
Authors: Desiderà Elena , Mazzoldi Carlotta , Navone Augusto , Blandin Rémi , Calò Antonio , Gervaise Cédric , Panzalis Pieraugusto , Trainito Egidio , Guidetti Paolo , Di Iorio Lucia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Groupers are marine fishes particularly vulnerable to overexploitation owing to their reproduction‐related traits. The dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus is classified as ‘Endangered’ in the Mediterranean Sea, where protection measures have proven critical for allowing population recovery and persistence of the species. However, knowledge gaps remain regarding its reproductive behaviours and spawning sites. As with other grouper species, the dusky grouper is known to produce courtship‐associated sounds, which were validated in captivity, but no study has ever established a link between sound production and observed behaviours in the wild.
This study aims to characterize, both visually and acoustically, the behavioural patterns of wild dusky grouper, thus specifically linking visual courtship behaviours to the associated sound production. Visual as well as passive acoustic methods were employed at two presumptive spawning sites within a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area (MPA) in the north‐western Mediterranean Sea over two consecutive summer seasons (2017 and 2018).
The temporal patterns of sound production showed site specificity over the month in which reproductive activity was most intense. Courtship calls were mostly recorded around sunset at both study sites and were significantly associated with visual reproductive behaviours. Results also indicated a temporal partitioning in the acoustic activity of the species, with different sound types being recorded at distinct times of the day, likely corresponding to the occurrence of various behaviours during those periods.
These findings have important implications for identifying and monitoring dusky grouper spawning sites using passive acoustic methods, therefore providing valuable information for the development, implementation, and/or enforcement of effective conservation measures therein.
Effect of Electron‐donating Group on NO Photolysis of {RuNO}6 Ruthenium Nitrosyl Complexes with N2O2 Lgands Bearing π‐Extended Rings
Authors: Kim Minyoung , Park Seongchul , Song Dayoon , You Youngmin , Lim Manho , Lee Hong‐In 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we introduced the electron‐donating group (−OH) to the aromatic rings of Ru(salophen)(NO)Cl (0) (salophenH2=N,N′‐(1,2‐phenylene)bis(salicylideneimine)) to investigate the influence of the substitution on NO photolysis and NO‐releasing dynamics. Three derivative complexes, Ru((o‐OH)2‐salophen)(NO)Cl (1), Ru((m‐OH)2‐salophen)(NO)Cl (2), and Ru((p‐OH)2‐salophen)(NO)Cl (3) were developed and their NO photolysis was monitored by using UV/Vis, EPR, NMR, and IR spectroscopies under white room light. Spectroscopic results indicated that the complexes were diamagnetic Ru(II)−NO+ species which were converted to low‐spin Ru(III) species (d5, S=1/2) and released NO radicals by photons. The conversion was also confirmed by determining the single‐crystal structure of the photoproduct of 1. The photochemical quantum yields (ΦNOs) of the photolysis were determined to be 0>1, 2, 3 at both the visible and UV excitations. Femtosecond (fs) time‐resolved mid‐IR spectroscopy was employed for studying NO‐releasing dynamics. The geminate rebinding (GR) rates of the photoreleased NO to the photolyzed complexes were estimated to be 0≃1, 2, 3. DFT and TDDFT computations found that the introduction of the hydroxyl groups elevated the ligand π‐bonding orbitals (π (salophen)), resulting in decrease of the HOMO‐LUMO gaps in 1–3. The theoretical calculations suggested that the Ru‐NNO bond dissociations of the complexes were mostly initiated by the ligand‐to‐ligand charge transfer (LLCT) of π(salophen)→π*(Ru−NO) with both the visible and UV excitations and the decreasing ΦNOs could be explained by the changes of the electronic structures in which the photoactivable bands of 1–3 have relatively less contribution of transitions related with Ru‐NO bond than those of 0.
Vicinal All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter Construction with Trifluoromethyl Groups via Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cascade Michael/Michael Reaction
Authors: Tsuyusaki Ryo , Nakashima Kosuke , Matsushima Yasuyuki , Hirashima Shin‐ichi , Miura Tsuyoshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA thiourea organocatalyst efficiently promoted the asymmetric cascade Michael/Michael reactions between isatin‐derived trifluoromethylacrylate and α‐alkylidene succinimide, resulting in high yields of spirooxindole derivatives. These compounds exhibit vicinal all‐carbon quaternary stereocenters and bear a trifluoromethyl group, with excellent enantioselectivities reaching up to 99 % ee. This work represents the first successful organocatalyst application for the direct construction of vicinal all‐carbon quaternary stereocenters, featuring a trifluoromethyl group.
Studies on a novel SrZr2CaLa2O8:Eu3+ phosphor for lighting applications emitting direct white light
Authors: Aitha Kishore Kumar , Dinakar Dantala , Murthy K. V. R. , Prasad A. S. Sai , Haranath Divi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDirect white light emitting phosphors play a significant role in the display industry due to their ability to improve the quality, efficiency, and versatility of lighting sources used in most of the displays. The currently investigated phosphor SrZr2CaLa2O8:Eu3+ was prepared by a conventional solid‐state reaction method. It has been observed that the stoichiometric ratio of all precursors plays an important role in determining the characteristics of the final phosphor. From X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the phosphor was observed to have a hexagonal phase and a crystal size of ~28 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations revealed a cluster of rod‐like structures with an average diameter of ~0.2 μm. The excitation peak maximum observed at 280 nm is due to charge transfer between Eu3+‐O2− ions. The energy transitions 7F0 → 5L6 and 7F0 → 5D2 are responsible for the appearance of other excitation peaks at ultraviolet (UV) (395 nm), blue (~467 nm), green (~540 nm), orange (~590 nm), and red (~627 nm) attributed to 5D0 → 7FJ (J = 0–4) transitions of europium ion (Eu3+). The Commercial International de I'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates were estimated to be (0.37, 0.0.33) and (0.67, 0.33) for the emissions corresponding to 395 and 590 nm, respectively. The characteristic emissions of Eu3+ ions allow this novel phosphor to be used to generate direct white light in light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), which is otherwise difficult to achieve in single‐component systems.
Enhanced L‐serine production by Corynebacterium glutamicum based on novel insights into L‐serine exporters
Authors: Gao Yujie , Zhang Xiaomei , Xu Guoqiang , Zhang Xiaojuan , Li Hui , Shi Jinsong , Xu Zhenghong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe L‐serine exporters ThrE and SerE play important roles in L‐serine production by Corynebacterium glutamicum. Deletion of both thrE and serE decreased L‐serine titer by 60%, suggesting the existence of other L‐serine exporters. A comparative transcriptomics identified NCgl0254 and NCgl0255 as novel L‐serine exporters. Further analysis of the contributions of ThrE, SerE, NCgl0254, and NCgl0255 found that SerE was the major L‐serine exporter in C. glutamicum and these four L‐serine exporters were responsible for 79.7% of L‐serine export. Deletion of one L‐serine exporter upregulated the transcription levels of the other three, which might be coursed by increased intracellular concentrations of L‐serine. Overexpression of NCgl0254 and NCgl0255 increased L‐serine titer by 20.8% in C. glutamicum A36, while overexpression of the four L‐serine exporters increased L‐serine production by 31.9% (41.1 g·L−1) in C. glutamicum A36. The identification of novel L‐serine exporters in C. glutamicum will help to improve industrial production of L‐serine.
1,1‐Diethoxyethane as an interfacial‐stabilizing solvent for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Park Juhwi , Kim Tae‐Hyun , Yim Taeeun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have gained remarkable attention over the past several years, however, their inherent limitations, such as the poor interfacial stability of their Li anodes and the severe dissolution of polysulfide, are regarded as bottlenecks that prevent these batteries from entering commercial markets. In this study, a 1,1‐diethoxyethane (DEE), which has been functionalized with acetal groups, is proposed as an electrolyte cosolvent to complement the limitations of the electrode materials of LSBs. In Li/Li symmetric cells, the DEE cosolvent exhibited stable cycling behavior, whereas the cell with the baseline electrolyte exhibited rapidly increasing polarization, even after 650 h. In LSB cells, the electrolyte that contains 50% DEE exhibits the highest cycling retention (65.0%) compared to the baseline electrolyte (49.8%) because it effectively protects the interface of the Li anode, but also suppresses the dissolution of polysulfide species.
Process oriented guided inquiry learning: A systematic review using bibliometric analysis
Authors: Şen Şenol 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProcess oriented guided inquiry learning (POGIL), is a group‐learning method that contributes to the active participation of learners in learning/teaching environments. However, a standard process for using the POGIL in classes is not available. In addition, no systematic reviews using bibliometric analysis in the literature examine the studies concerning POGIL in terms of content and research trends. From this viewpoint, this study aimed to examine the documents related to POGIL with the bibliometric analysis method to contribute to the development of POGIL. It analyses the publications made about POGIL in the period between 1999 and 2023. A total of 179 publications available on the Web of Science were included in the study. It was found following the analyses that the publications were made in various research areas and were published in several journals. They were mostly published in the USA and the researcher with the greatest number of publications was Clifton L. Kussmaul.
Association between the blood pressure variability and cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Xiao Yi , Yang Tianmi , Zhang Lingyu , Wei Qianqian , Ou Ruwei , Hou Yanbing , Liu Kuncheng , Lin Junyu , Jiang Qirui , Shang Huifang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesHigh visit‐to‐visit blood pressure variability (BPV) was found to be associated with cognitive decline in the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the impact of visit‐to‐visit BPV on cognition in patients with early‐stage Parkinson's disease (PD).DesignThis is a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort.Setting and participantsA total of 297 patients with early‐stage PD (103 mild cognitive impairments [PD‐MCI] and 194 normal cognitions [PD‐NC] at baseline) were included from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative study.MethodsVariation independent of mean (VIM) of the first year was used as the indicator of BPV. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess global cognition. Patients were divided into PD‐MCI and PD‐NC according to the MoCA score at baseline. Longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid (Aβ‐42, Aβ, α‐synuclein, neurofilament light protein, tau phosphorylated at the threonine 181 position, total tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein) and serum (neurofilament light protein) biomarkers were assessed. The Bayesian linear growth model was used to evaluate the relationship between baseline BPV and the rate of change in cognition and biomarkers.ResultsHigher systolic VIM of the first year was related to a greater rate of decline in MoCA score in the following years in PD‐MCI (β = −.15 [95% CI −.29, −.01]). No association was found between BPV and biomarkers.Conclusion and implicationsHigher systolic VIM predicted a steeper decline in cognitive tests in PD‐MCI independently from the mean value of blood pressure, orthostatic hypotension, and supine hypertension.
Omeprazole was safely reused in a rhabdomyolysis patient associated with proton pump inhibitors: A case report
Authors: Wang Zhen , Shen Jun , Zhang Lei 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used in the clinical treatment of abnormal gastric acid secretion and gastric acid related diseases. There are disputes about blood purification and PPIs reuse in patients with PPIs‐induced rhabdomyolysis. Herein we reported an 84‐year‐old woman with a 10‐year history of coronary heart disease and gastric acid. After 18 days of omeprazole therapy, the blood myoglobin of the patient rose progressively. Laboratory examination confirmed rhabdomyolysis, and PPIs‐induced rhabdomyolysis was considered. Atorvastatin was initially discontinued. Additionally, omeprazole was altered to iprazole. Since blood myoglobin continued to exceed the highest value identified, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and hemoperfusion (HP) were administrated. When PPIs‐induced rhabdomyolysis was considered, iprazole was discontinued. Two days after discontinuation of iprazole, blood myoglobin continuously decreased. After rhabdomyolysis was resolved, omeprazole was reused, and rhabdomyolysis did not reoccur. PPIs in combination with statins increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis. In the present case, switching to another PPIs or CRRT and HP therapy did not alleviate rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis caused by statins is countless, but other reasons cannot be overlooked. In any case, the removal of etiology is the primary component of the treatment of rhabdomyolysis. When rhabdomyolysis is alleviated, PPIs can be reused safely under close monitoring.
Ethylene Oligomerization: Unraveling the Roles of Ni Sites, Acid Sites, and Zeolite Pore Topology through Continuous and Pulsed Reactions
Authors: Abed Omar , Mohamed Hend Omar , Hita Idoia , Velisoju Vijay , Morlanés Natalia , El Tall Omar , Castaño Pedro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein, four catalysts, consisting of either MFI or BEA as the zeolite framework in the presence or absence of Ni, are compared to explore the individual and collective adsorptive and catalytic contributions of pore topology, Ni sites, and acid sites. Both continuous and pulsed chemisorption/reaction experiments are used to obtain a complete picture of the time‐dependent adsorption‐desorption behavior, reaction mechanisms, and deactivation steps. The methodology highlights the effect of acid sites, especially during the initial stages of reaction and in the BEA‐based catalysts, which have higher acidity at a given Si/Al ratio. In addition, Ni accelerates the reaction and improves the selectivity towards intermediate oligomers. However, the tendency for the most active Ni and acid sites to saturate and deactivate more rapidly than the less active ones may lead to misinterpretation when using the continuous reactor alone. Hence, the dominant mechanisms over the different catalyst sites and reaction times are discussed based on the combined steady and dynamic experiments.