bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural changes of CA1 pyramidal neurons after stroke in the contralesional hippocampus
Authors: Merino‐Serrais Paula , Plaza‐Alonso Sergio , Hellal Farida , Valero‐Freitag Susana , Kastanauskaite Asta , Plesnila Nikolaus , DeFelipe Javier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSignificant progress has been made with regard to understanding how the adult brain responds after a stroke. However, a large number of patients continue to suffer lifelong disabilities without adequate treatment. In the present study, we have analyzed possible microanatomical alterations in the contralesional hippocampus from the ischemic stroke mouse model tMCAo 12–14 weeks after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. After individually injecting Lucifer yellow into pyramidal neurons from the CA1 field of the hippocampus, we performed a detailed three‐dimensional analysis of the neuronal complexity, dendritic spine density, and morphology. We found that, in both apical (stratum radiatum) and basal (stratum oriens) arbors, CA1 pyramidal neurons in the contralesional hippocampus of tMCAo mice have a significantly higher neuronal complexity, as well as reduced spine density and alterations in spine volume and spine length. Our results show that when the ipsilateral hippocampus is dramatically damaged, the contralesional hippocampus exhibits several statistically significant selective alterations. However, these alterations are not as significant as expected, which may help to explain the recovery of hippocampal function after stroke. Further anatomical and physiological studies are necessary to better understand the modifications in the “intact” contralesional lesioned brain regions, which are probably fundamental to recover functions after stroke.
LINE‐1 hypomethylation, increased retrotransposition and tumor‐specific insertion in upper gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Baba Yoshifumi , Yasuda Noriko , Bundo Miki , Nakachi Yutaka , Ueda Junko , Ishimoto Takatsugu , Iwatsuki Masaaki , Miyamoto Yuji , Yoshida Naoya , Oshiumi Hiroyuki , Iwamoto Kazuya , Baba Hideo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe long interspersed nuclear element‐1 (LINE‐1) retrotransposons are a major family of mobile genetic elements, comprising approximately 17% of the human genome. The methylation state of LINE‐1 is often used as an indicator of global DNA methylation levels and it regulates the retrotransposition and somatic insertion of the genetic element. We have previously reported the significant relationship between LINE‐1 hypomethylation and poor prognosis in upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. However, the causal relationships between LINE‐1 hypomethylation, retrotransposition, and tumor‐specific insertion in upper GI cancers remain unknown. We used bisulfite‐pyrosequencing and quantitative real‐time PCR to verify LINE‐1 methylation and copy number in tissue samples of 101 patients with esophageal and 103 patients with gastric cancer. Furthermore, we analyzed the LINE‐1 retrotransposition profile with an originally developed L1Hs‐seq. In tumor samples, LINE‐1 methylation levels were significantly lower than non‐tumor controls, while LINE‐1 copy numbers were markedly increased. As such, there was a significant inverse correlation between the LINE‐1 methylation level and copy number in tumor tissues, with lower LINE‐1 methylation levels corresponding to higher LINE‐1 copy numbers. Of particular importance is that somatic LINE‐1 insertions were more numerous in tumor than normal tissues. Furthermore, we observed that LINE‐1 was inserted evenly across all chromosomes, and most often within genomic regions associated with tumor‐suppressive genes. LINE‐1 hypomethylation in upper GI cancers is related to increased LINE‐1 retrotransposition and tumor‐specific insertion events, which may collectively contribute to the acquisition of aggressive tumor features through the inactivation of tumor‐suppressive genes.
A novel iTreg‐related signature for prognostic prediction in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jian , Li Yan , Yang Yue , Huang Jian , Sun Yue , Zhang Xi , Kong Xianglong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of lung cancer. Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, therefore it is crucial to identify novel prognostic biomarkers for LUAD. As important regulatory cells, inducible regulatory T cells (iTregs) play a vital role in immune suppression and are important for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. This study explored the prognostic value and therapeutic effects of iTreg‐related genes in LUAD. Data for LUAD patients, including immune infiltration data, RNA sequencing data, and clinical features, were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and Tumor Immune Single‐cell Hub 2 databases. Immune‐related subgroups with different infiltration patterns and iTreg‐related genes were identified through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and weighted correlation network analysis. Functional enrichment analyses were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms of iTreg‐related genes. A prognostic risk signature was constructed using Cox regression analysis with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalty. The ESTIMATE algorithm was applied to determine the immune status of LUAD patients. We applied the constructed signature to predict chemosensitivity and performed single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis. The infiltration of iTregs was identified as an independent factor for predicting patient outcomes. We constructed a prognostic signature based on seven iTreg‐related genes (GIMAP5, SLA, MS4A7, ZNF366, POU2AF1, MRPL12, and COL5A1), which was applied to subdivide patients into high‐ and low‐risk subgroups. Our results revealed that patients in the iTreg‐related low‐risk subgroup had a better prognosis and possibly greater sensitivity to traditional chemotherapy. Our study provides a novel iTreg‐related signature to elucidate the mechanisms underlying LUAD prognosis and promote individualized chemotherapy treatment.
Interactions of perinatal depression versus anxiety and infants' early temperament trajectories
Authors: Sörensen Ferdinand , Kimmel Mary C. , Brenner Vera , Krägeloh‐Mann Ingeborg , Skalkidou Alkistis , Mahjani Behrang , Fransson Emma 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examines the interplay between maternal depression/anxiety and infant temperament's developmental trajectory in 1687 Swedish‐speaking mother–infant dyads from Uppsala County (2009–2019), Sweden. The sample includes a high proportion of university‐educated individuals and a low share of foreign‐born participants. Maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale during gestational weeks 17 and 32 and postpartum at week 6. Multinomial regression explored associations between maternal variables and infant temperament trajectories at 6 weeks, 12 months, and 18 months. Prenatal anxiety is associated with the high‐rising infant difficult temperament trajectory, while prenatal depression/anhedonia is associated with the stable‐medium trajectory, attenuated postpartum. Associations between infant temperament and maternal mood depended on timing (pre/postpartum) and symptom type (depression/anhedonia vs. anxiety).
Neglecting to consider early emotional development after abuse and/or neglect: Insights and recommendations from child welfare providers
Authors: Edwards Nicole Megan , Panlilio Carlomagno C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLaying a strong foundation for emotional development in children birth to 5 is of critical importance, but the extent to which this is considered following child abuse and/or neglect, foster care placement, reunification, and potential re‐entry into foster care remains unclear. Using a convergent mixed methods design, we investigated perceptions among child welfare professionals given the contributing role they could play in both initiating provider–parent dialogue and connecting families with timely resources to better support early emotional development post‐abuse/neglect. Fifty eight child welfare professionals in an urban, Northeastern County of the USA participated (73% response rate). Survey data and focus group insights shed light on satisfaction with and roadblocks to supporting foster and biological parents in promoting emotional development. A low proportion of respondents offered advice on emotional development, referred families to relevant parent education, or perceived biological or foster parents as extremely prepared. Self‐reported likelihood of providing advice to families was positively associated with access to information on emotional development, years employed, and job satisfaction. Multilevel roadblocks were identified. Results inform systems‐level, family‐centred initiatives and information sharing to better support emotional development post‐abuse and/or neglect.
Integrated model of maternal caregiving in child HIV management in Chinese mother–child dyads living with HIV: A qualitative dyadic analysis
Authors: Ji Shiyun , Zeng Xiaoliang , Chen Chen , Fu Rong , Shen Zhiyong , Li Xiaoming , Yu Nancy Xiaonan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPerinatally HIV‐positive (PHIV+) children face challenges arising from their complicated and highly stigmatized chronic illness throughout childhood and adolescence. Caring and support from caregivers are vital, especially from their mothers who also live with HIV. However, little is known regarding how HIV+ mothers coach their PHIV+ children to adjust to HIV. This study used dyadic‐level qualitative analyses of semi‐structured, one‐on‐one interviews among 20 mother–child dyads (n = 40; children aged 12–18 years) living with HIV in southern China. Interviews examined the perspectives of both mothers and children on the maternal caregiving in child HIV management and child adaptation outcomes. Our findings showed that based on a dual‐dimension model of the extent of maternal involvement in child HIV management and the intimacy of the mother–child relationship, four categories of maternal caring emerged among the mother–child dyads: supportiveness (n = 4, 20%), independence (n = 9, 45%), contradiction (n = 4, 20%) and alienation (n = 3, 15%). The PHIV+ children's selected HIV management indicators (including disclosure of HIV status, HIV‐related communication, antiretroviral therapy adherence, stigma coping and emotion management) also showed some variations among these four categories. The integrated model may inform the development of dyadic intervention programmes tailored for mothers and children both living with HIV.
Biallelic variants in the COQ4 gene caused hereditary spastic paraplegia predominant phenotype
Authors: Wei Qiao , Yu Hao , Wang Pei‐Shan , Xie Juan‐Juan , Dong Hai‐Lin , Wu Zhi‐Ying , Li Hong‐Fu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionHereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) comprise a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of upper motor neurons. Homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in COQ4 have been reported to cause primary CoQ10 deficiency‐7 (COQ10D7), which is a mitochondrial disease.AimsWe aimed to screened COQ4 variants in a cohort of HSP patients.MethodsA total of 87 genetically unidentified HSP index patients and their available family members were recruited. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in all probands. Functional studies were performed to identify the pathogenicity of those uncertain significance variants.ResultsIn this study, five different COQ4 variants were identified in three Chinese HSP pedigrees and two variants were novel, c.87dupT (p.Arg30*), c.304C>T (p.Arg102Cys). More importantly, we firstly described two early‐onset pure HSP caused by COQ4 variants. Functional studies in patient‐derived fibroblast lines revealed a reduction cellular CoQ10 levels and the abnormal mitochondrial structure.ConclusionsOur findings revealed that bilateral variants in the COQ4 gene caused HSP predominant phenotype, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of the COQ4‐related disorders.
Estonian alcohol control legislation in 1990–2020: A narrative review
Authors: Stoppel Relika , Reile Rainer , Ahven Andri , Pärna Kersti 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIssuesThe aim of this narrative review is to provide a detailed, chronological overview on the development of Estonian alcohol control legislation during 1990–2020.ApproachQualitative document review focused on six legislative acts central to Estonian alcohol control policy. Distinguishing four policy areas (availability, advertising, taxation and drink‐driving), the review identifies and describes significant changes in these legislative acts and their amendments from 1990 to 2020.Key FindingsThe review identified 51 significant changes in acts regulating either availability, advertising, taxation or drink‐driving in Estonia. Majority of these changes (n = 36) relate to Alcohol Excise Duty Act and the Alcohol Act which regulate the taxation, production and sales of alcohol. Although all six key legislative acts were introduced during the 1990s, only a few significant changes to alcohol control policy were made in this decade. In contrast, the 2000s experienced an intense period of new legislation and amendments followed by 2010s when the main emphasis was on alcohol taxation and advertising.ImplicationsDuring three decades, Estonian alcohol control legislation has gradually evolved to include most evidence‐based measures to reduce the harmful use of alcohol, the effects of the policies on consumption and alcohol‐related harms remain relatively modest.ConclusionThe liberal and unregulated alcohol control measures in the 1990s have transitioned in the following two decades towards a coherent alcohol policy. While many of the World Health Organization's ‘best buys’ have been successfully implemented, there are still some recommendations which have not been targeted.
Niche shifts over spread of a biological invasion: Unveiling the role of changing habitat preference and density‐dependence
Authors: Núñez‐Tobajas Zulema , Senar Juan Carlos , Rodríguez‐Pastor Ruth , Carrillo‐Ortiz José G. , Cardador Laura 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimAnticipating the ultimate fraction of a landscape that might be susceptible to invasion is challenging as several species are able to expand the range of environmental conditions used over invasion. Despite its relevance, the more proximate processes underlying observed shifts are not sufficiently understood. Habitat selection theory predicts that as population density increases, individuals start using sub‐optimal resources to compensate for the limitation of the preferred ones. However, niche shifts might also occur as result of changes in habitat preferences over time. Here, we tested these alternative hypotheses by investigating nesting resource use and selection over a biological invasion and the relative effect of density‐dependence on such patterns.LocationBarcelona, Spain.MethodsWe take advantage of a large dataset recording the occurrence of the invasive monk Parakeet, Myiopsitta monachus in Barcelona in the period 1975–2015. We apply generalized linear models to analyse changes in nesting habitat preferences and its interactive effect with conspecific presence.ResultsTemporal changes in nesting habitat use occurred. Palm species were the most commonly used nesting substrate since the beginning of the invasion but the diversity and frequency of use of other nesting substrates increased over time. Changes in nesting substrate use were consistent with a change in habitat selection, when accounting for habitat availability. Although a general role of conspecific aggregation on occupation patterns was found, it was mostly additive. That is, shifts in nesting substrate did not structure in relation to conspecific distribution.ConclusionsShifts in nesting resource selection can occur during the spread stage of biological invasions, probably related to innovation and learning, rather than to optimal habitat selection. These shifts present a significant challenge for forecasting efforts and management. However, changes do not happen rapidly over time, highlighting that there is a management opportunity window before significant shifts occur.
Satisfaction with diabetes involvement: Exploring parent and adolescent perspectives
Authors: Wong Jessie J. , Hanes Sarah J. , Flores Haley , Ngo Jessica , Hood Korey K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsBoth parent and adolescent involvement in type 1 diabetes management are critical during adolescence. The current study sought to understand the factors associated with parent and adolescent satisfaction with their own and one another's involvement in diabetes management.MethodsCross‐sectional baseline data from 157 parent‐adolescent dyads enrolled in an RCT were used. Adolescent ages ranged from 12 to 19 (Mage = 14.7, SD = 1.89) and were balanced by gender (50.3% male). Paired t‐tests examined concordance between parent and adolescent satisfaction, bivariate correlations identified correlates, and regressions examined unique associations.ResultsRoughly, 43% of adolescents and 29% of parents were very satisfied with adolescent involvement in diabetes management, whereas 71% of adolescents and 26.1% of parents were very satisfied with parent involvement. Indicators of better glycaemic health (via higher percent time‐in‐range and lower HbA1c and percent time in hyperglycaemia) and psychosocial functioning (less diabetes distress and depression) were correlated with higher satisfaction. Parent satisfaction with adolescent involvement was higher among older adolescents (R = 0.198, p = 0.013). Non‐Hispanic white youth were more satisfied with their own involvement than youth of colour (t(149) = −2.783, p = 0.003). Both percent time‐in‐range and one's own diabetes distress uniquely related to parent and adolescent satisfaction with adolescent involvement. Conversely, parent satisfaction with their own involvement was only uniquely associated with parent diabetes distress.ConclusionBoth adolescent and parents' satisfaction with adolescents' involvement in self‐management are indicators of both glycaemic control and psychosocial well‐being, whereas parents' self‐evaluations are more closely tied to diabetes‐specific distress.
Lipidomics of triglyceride‐rich lipoproteins derived from hyperlipidemic patients on inflammation
Authors: Moreno‐Vedia Juan , Llop Dídac , Rodríguez‐Calvo Ricardo , Plana Núria , Amigó Núria , Rosales Roser , Esteban Yaiza , Masana Lluís , Ibarretxe Daiana , Girona Josefa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and aimTriglyceride‐rich lipoproteins (TRLs) can have an important role in atherosclerosis development due to their size and ability to penetrate the endothelium. While high plasma triglyceride (TG) levels and chronic inflammation are relevant in metabolic diseases, it remains unclear whether TGs are atherogenic or which TRL‐TG‐derived metabolites are responsible for inflammation. Here, we aimed to study the lipidome modifications of TRL particles enriched in TG in patients with hyperlipidemia and their associations with a proinflammatory status both in vivo and in vitro.MethodsUsing proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), we analysed the plasma levels of glycoprotein acetyls and the TRL lipidomic profile of 307 patients with dyslipidemia. THP‐1‐derived macrophages were used as an in vitro model to explore the molecular inflammatory effects mediated by TRL.ResultsIn vivo, higher TRL‐TG levels were associated with higher circulating levels of NMR‐measured glycoproteins (Glyc‐A, Glyc‐B and Glyc‐F; p < .001). Lipidomic analysis showed that TRL‐TG enrichment led to decreased cholesterol and phospholipid content (p < .01), an increase in omega‐9, and a decrease in saturated fatty acids (p < .001). THP‐1 macrophages exposed to increasing TRL particle concentrations augmented the secretion of IL‐1β and TNF‐α, which varied based on particle composition. Particles with higher cholesterol and phospholipid contents exerted higher cytokine secretion. The activation of MAPK, Akt/NFκB, and caspase‐1 was concurrent with this proinflammatory response.ConclusionsHigh TRL‐TG levels are associated with a higher systemic inflammatory status and increased particle concentrations. In vitro, higher particle numbers increase proinflammatory cytokine secretion, with cholesterol and phospholipid‐rich TRL being more proinflammatory.
Atrial fibrosis heterogeneity is a risk for atrial fibrillation in pigs with ischaemic heart failure
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Vlcek Julia , Pauly Valerie , Hesse Nora , Bauer Julia , Chataut Kavi Raj , Maderspacher Florian , Volz Lina Sophie , Buchberger Katharina , Xia Ruibing , Hildebrand Bianca , Kääb Stefan , Schüttler Dominik , Tomsits Philipp , Clauss Sebastian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Ischaemic heart failure (IHF) remains one of the most common causes of AF in clinical practice. However, ischaemia‐mediated mechanisms leading to AF are still incompletely understood, and thus, current treatment approaches are limited. To improve our understanding of the pathophysiology, we studied a porcine IHF model.MethodsIn pigs, IHF was induced by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery for 90 min. After 30 days of reperfusion, invasive haemodynamic measurements and electrophysiological studies were performed. Masson trichrome and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to assess interstitial fibrosis and myofibroblast activation in different heart regions.ResultsAfter 30 days of reperfusion, heart failure with significantly reduced ejection fraction (left anterior obique 30°, 34.78 ± 3.29% [IHF] vs. 62.03 ± 2.36% [control], p < .001; anterior–posterior 0°, 29.16 ± 3.61% vs. 59.54 ± 1.09%, p < .01) was observed. These pigs showed a significantly higher susceptibility to AF (33.90% [IHF] vs. 12.98% [control], p < .05). Histological assessment revealed aggravated fibrosis in atrial appendages but not in atrial free walls in IHF pigs (11.13 ± 1.44% vs. 5.99 ± .86%, p < .01 [LAA], 8.28 ± .56% vs. 6.01 ± .35%, p < .01 [RAA]), which was paralleled by enhanced myofibroblast activation (12.09 ± .65% vs. 9.00 ± .94%, p < .05 [LAA], 14.37 ± .60% vs. 10.30 ± 1.41%, p < .05 [RAA]). Correlation analysis indicated that not fibrosis per se but its cross‐regional heterogeneous distribution across the left atrium was associated with AF susceptibility (r = .6344, p < .01).ConclusionOur results suggest that left atrial cross‐regional fibrosis difference rather than overall fibrosis level is associated with IHF‐related AF susceptibility, presumably by establishing local conduction disturbances and heterogeneity.