bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting patterns of sequence variation in steelhead populations reflect distinct evolutionary processes
Authors: Willis Stuart , Coykendall D. Katharine , Campbell Matthew R. , Narum Shawn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultiple evolutionary processes influence genome‐wide allele frequencies and quantifying effects of genetic drift, and multiple forms of selection remain challenging in natural populations. Here, we investigate variation at major effect loci in contrast to patterns of neutral drift across a wide collection of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations that have declined in abundance due to anthropogenic impacts. Whole‐genome resequencing of 74 populations of steelhead revealed genome‐wide patterns (~8 million SNPs) consistent with expected neutral population structure. However, allelic variation at major effect loci associated with adult migration timing (chromosome 28: GREB1L/ROCK1) and age at maturity (chromosome 25: SIX6) reflected how selection has acted on phenotypic variation in contrast with neutral structure. Variation at major effect loci was influenced by evolutionary processes with differing signals between the strongly divergent Coastal and Inland lineages, while allele frequencies within and among populations within the Inland lineage have been driven by local natural selection as well as recent anthropogenic influences. Recent anthropogenic effects appeared to have influenced the frequency of major effect alleles including artificial selection for specific traits in hatchery stocks with subsequent gene flow into natural populations. Selection from environmental factors at various scales has also likely influenced variation for major effect alleles. These results reveal evolutionary mechanisms that influence allele frequencies at major effect loci that are critical for conservation of phenotypic traits and life history variation of this protected species.
Investigation of geriatric syndromes associated with medication in Japan using insurance claims data
Authors: Hasegawa Sho , Mizokami Fumihiro , Mizuno Tomohiro , Yabu Takeshi , Kameya Yoshitaka , Hayakawa Yuji , Arai Hidenori 
Published: December 2023

AimMultiple risk factors are involved in geriatric syndrome (GS) occurring in older adults. Although drug therapy often contributes to GS, the specific causes among older adults in Japan remain unclear. In this study, we examined the possible prescribing cascade rate among older outpatients eligible for Late‐stage Elderly Health Insurance and elucidated the differences between GS and GS associated with medication (GSAM) trends.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled patients from health insurance claims data in Japan between October 2018 and March 2019; hospitalized patients were excluded. Two groups were identified among the participants with GS: GS (no use of GS‐causing medications) and possible‐GSAM (p‐GSAM; use of GS‐causing medications). The collected data were analyzed using the Bell Curve for Excel, and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsIn total, 137 781 outpatients were enrolled. Of the 32 259 outpatients who did not use GS‐causing medications, 7342 were classified into the GS group. Among 105 522 outpatients who used GS‐causing medications, 8347 were classified as having p‐GSAM. The mean number of prescriptions was significantly higher in the p‐GSAM group than in the GS group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, all GS symptoms showed significant differences, with impaired appetite being the most prevalent in the p‐GSAM group than in the GS group (P < 0.01). A possible prescribing cascade was suspected in 2826 (33.9%) of 8347 outpatients in the p‐GSAM group.ConclusionImpaired appetite in patients taking GS‐causing medications might lead to prescribing cascades. Further studies are needed to prevent such prescribing cascades. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 61–67.
Outcomes of total hip and knee arthroplasty in patients with haemophilia: A meta‐analysis of comparative studies and clinical practice recommendations
Authors: Challoumas Dimitris , Munn David , Jeyakumar Gowsikan , Bagot Catherine , Rodgers Ryan , Kearns Rachel , Jones Bryn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimWe aimed to compare the outcomes of total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA) in haemophilic patients compared to matched controls.MethodsThrough a literature search we identified all cohort studies comparing perioperative complications and other outcomes of THA and TKA in haemophilic patients and matched controls without haemophilia. Results of the same outcome measure assessed by two or more studies were pooled in meta‐analyses; odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The risk of bias in included studies and certainty of evidence of each result were assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale and the GRADE tool respectively.ResultsA total of five retrospective studies with matched controls were included; four of them were of good and one of fair quality. Based on moderate certainty evidence, compared to matched controls, patients with haemophilia had a significantly higher incidence of the following complications after a) TKA: periprosthetic joint infection [PJI; OR 1.6 CI (1.3, 1.9)], 1‐year revision/re‐operation [OR 1.4 CI (1.2, 1.8)] and b) THA: major and minor 90‐day complications [major OR 2.2 CI (1.7, 2.9); minor OR 1.4 CI (1.1, 1.8)], venous thromboembolism [OR 3.1 CI (2.1, 4.6)]. PJI incidence in THA was not different in haemophilia compared to controls [OR 1.5 CI (.9, 2.6)].ConclusionOur results can be used by healthcare professionals counselling patients with haemophilia considering a THA or TKA as part of the informed consent process. We provide detailed clinical recommendations for the perioperative management of THA and TKA in haemophilic patients.
A study of anti‐wrinkle functions and improvement of cream with Phaseolus angularis
Authors: Oh Sarang , Jeong Jeehaeng , Kim Myeongju , Jin Xiangji , Zheng Shengdao , Kim Yong‐Min , Yi Tae‐Hoo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight accelerates skin ageing, which is followed by harsh, thick, dry and loose conditions. One of the most demonstrative symptoms is deep wrinkles induced by skin barrier disruption. Our previous research showed that Phaseolus angularis seed extract (PASE) effectively inhibits skin ageing through UVB protection in HaCaT cells by suppressing skin damage. However, its efficacy has not been evaluated in clinical trials so far. PASE cream's effectiveness was initially tested on the artificial skin model, revealing an increase in filaggrin and defence against skin damage. Based on these results, in this single‐centred, randomized, double‐blind study, we investigated the anti‐ageing effect of PASE in human eye wrinkle areas. For these 21 healthy adult women aged 30 to 59, a PASE cream was applied to the right eye wrinkle area and a placebo to the left eye wrinkle area twice a day (morning and evening) for 12 weeks. The change in thick, deep crease wrinkles around the eyes was confirmed by visual evaluation, skin measurements and a questionnaire. As a result, the surface roughness (R1), maximum roughness (R2), average roughness (R3), smoothness depth (R4) and arithmetic mean roughness (R5) values in the group using the PASE cream all decreased. Particularly, R1, R4 and R5 significantly decreased by 18.1%, 18.6% and 25.0%, respectively. Subjects who applied PASE cream also experienced an improvement in skin moisture nearly twice the time compared to the placebo group. In addition, no participants reported side effects. Our study showed that PASE cream led to clinically significant levels of wrinkle improvement. In conclusion, as PASE is a natural, safe food with no side effects, it can be a good resource for natural anti‐wrinkle functional cosmetics in the future.
A critical look at outcome measures: Comparison between four dental research journals by use of a hierarchical model
Authors: Wrangstål Linnéa , Pigg Maria , Almutairi Nawaf , Fransson Helena 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the status quo of outcome measures used in treatment studies in Endodontics, and potentially identify strategies for improvement, by (i) systematically assessing the outcome measures using a conceptual model and (ii) comparing these with measures used in corresponding studies in the adjacent fields.MethodologyThe International Endodontic Journal, Caries Research, The Journal of Clinical Periodontology and The Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache were selected to cover four adjacent dental disciplines. In each journal, the 50 most recent consecutive publications fulfilling inclusion criteria were included. A hierarchical model for diagnostic imaging studies was modified to assess studies related to treatment. The model comprised six levels, with technical as the lowest level and societal as the highest. Extracted data included study origin, study type, and identified outcome measures. Fisher's Exact Tests with Bonferroni corrections compared studies. p < .05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAmongst 756 publications, the 200 most recent studies matching the inclusion criteria were identified. Less than half (36.5%) assessed the clinical, patient, or societal aspects of treatment; 10.0% in International Endodontic Journal, 28.0% in Caries Research, 38.0% in Journal of Clinical Periodontology, and 70.0% in Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache (p < .001).ConclusionsAccording to included publications, research on treatment within the endodontic field is mainly focusing on technical and biological outcomes. The benefits of patients and society were less frequently examined than in corresponding journals in adjacent disciplines. When designing studies, including higher‐level outcomes should be considered.
cBN‐reinforced Al2O3–Ti(C,N) composites with high toughness sintered under oscillatory pressure
Authors: Zhang Mengwen , Cao Na , Meng Fanyu , Yang Lutong , Jiang Binyang , Li Jinsheng , Fan Lei , Yang Shoulei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh‐toughness Al2O3–Ti(C,N) composites reinforced by cBN particles were prepared by the new oscillating pressure sintering technique. The density, phase, and microstructure evolution of the Al2O3–Ti(C,N)‐cBN composites sintered at different temperatures were studied, and their effects on the mechanical properties were investigated. The results show that when the sintering temperature increases from 1300 to 1500°C, the heat preservation time shortens, whereas the density and interface bonding strength of the composites increase. In addition, cBN particles can play the role of crack bridging and be pulled out when the composites fracture, improving the toughness of the Al2O3–Ti(C,N)–cBN composites. However, when the sintering temperature further rises to 1600°C, a new phase of TiB2 forms, and the solid solubility of C and N in Ti(C,N) increases, leading to a decrease in density and mechanical properties. As a result, when the Al2O3–Ti(C,N)–cBN composite is sintered at 1500°C, its mechanical properties reach the maximum values of 21.5 GPa, 5.7 MPa m1/2, and 731 MPa for hardness, fracture toughness, and flexural strength, respectively.
The Dimensions and Roles of Online Content in Social Commerce: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda
Authors: Singh Diksha , Pandey Vidushi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDue to the increasing ubiquity and acceptance of online shopping, social commerce research has attracted the attention of many scholars, leading to an exponential growth of the literature within a short span of a few years. Among the numerous investigations in the field, research relating to online content is warranted owing to the rapid evolution of content and its importance in the shopping arena. This study systematically reviews the literature on various dimensions of content and how these dimensions influence customer‐level outcomes in social commerce. The study adopts a framework‐based approach and organizes 169 content‐focused research articles. The framework proposes three content dimensions—format, source, and platform, and four outcome categories based on transactionality and favorability of outcomes. The findings reveal an evolution of content dimensions and consumer behavior outcomes. Additionally, identified gaps and future research directions have been discussed.
Endotoxin biomarkers, hepatic fat fraction, liver volume and liver stiffness among adolescents at high‐risk for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: The HEROES study
Authors: Perng Wei , Salmon Kyle , Schenker Rachel , Janssen Rachel C. , Friedman Jacob E. , Goran Michael I. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryBackgroundNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is on the rise among youth. Identifying biomarkers of NAFLD progression/risk can aid in prevention efforts.AimsThis pilot study investigated associations of two endotoxin biomarkers—lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein (LBP) and anti‐endotoxin core immunoglobulin G (EndoCab)—with markers of NAFLD among 99 Latino/Latina adolescents (11–19 years) with obesity.Materials & MethodsWe used linear regression to examine associations of each endotoxin biomarker (per 1‐SD) with hepatic fat fraction (HFF), liver volume, and liver stiffness.ResultsWe found positive associations of LBP with HFF and liver volume. Each 1‐SD increment in LBP corresponded with 2.35% (95% CI: 0.46%, 4.23%) higher HFF and 0.14 (0.06, 0.23) L greater liver volume after adjusting for age, sex, and maternal education. Accounting for abdominal adiposity and Tanner stage did not change results. Excluding 72 participants with NAFLD attenuated associations of LBP with HFF but associations with liver volume persisted (0.11 [0.01, 0.21] L). EndoCab was not associated with any liver outcomes. Neither endotoxin biomarker predicted liver stiffness.Discussion/conclusionWhile additional research is warranted, our results support LBP as a biomarker of NAFLD risk/progression in high‐risk youth.
Implicit government guarantees, media tone and bond pricing
Authors: Dong Yashu , Dong Yi , Xuan Wenshuang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBy exploiting the first public bond default event in China—the Chaori bond default in 2014—we examine how implicit government guarantees shape the role of media information in bond pricing. We find an insignificant association between preissuance media tones and bond issuances’ yield spreads before the event; however, the association becomes negative and significant after the event. The role of media tone in bond pricing is more pronounced for regions with greater information demand for default risk and for media outlets with stronger information provisions toward implicit government guarantees after the event. Mechanism analyses suggest increased bond investors’ risk awareness, rather than strengthened information provisions in media tones, as the force behind the more pronounced role of media tone in bond pricing. Finally, lower yield spreads driven by more positive media tone do not suggest bond overpricing. Our study reveals the role of media tone in bond pricing and displays the evolution of the media tone's role in bond pricing due to changing institutions.
Sex differences in adverse events from systemic treatments for psoriasis: A decade of insights from the Swiss Psoriasis Registry (SDNTT)
Authors: Verardi Fabio , Maul Lara Valeska , Borsky Kim , Steinmann Simona , Rosset Nina , Pons Hector Ortega , Sorbe Christina , Yawalkar Nikhil , Micheroli Raphael , Egeberg Alexander , Thyssen Jacob P. , Heidemeyer Kristine , Boehncke Wolf‐Henning , Conrad Curdin , Cozzio Antonio , Pinter Andreas , Kündig Thomas , Navarini Alexander A. , Maul Julia‐Tatjana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a disease that often requires prolonged systemic treatment. It is important to determine the safety of available therapies. There is currently little insight into sex‐specific differences in the safety of systemic psoriasis therapies.ObjectivesTo examine the real‐world, long‐term safety of systemic psoriasis therapies with sex stratification in drug‐related adverse events (ADRs).MethodsTen‐year data from adults with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis requiring systemic treatment (conventional systemic therapies [CST], biologics) were obtained from the Swiss psoriasis registry (SDNTT). ADRs were categorized according to the international terminology Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA). Safety was assessed by calculating event rates per 100 patient‐years (PY). We used descriptive statistics for patient and disease characteristics, and binomial and t‐tests to compare treatment groups and sex.ResultsIn total, 791 patients (290 females) were included with a mean age of 46 years. 358 (45%) received CSTs and 433 (55%) biologics; both groups had similar baseline characteristics except for more joint involvement in patients using biologics (26.86% vs. 14.8%, p < 0.0001). CSTs were associated with a 2.2‐fold higher ADR rate (40.43/100 PY vs. 18.22/100 PY, p < 0.0001) and an 8.0‐fold higher drug‐related discontinuation rate than biologics (0.16/PY vs. 0.02/PY, p < 0.0001). Trends showed non‐significant higher serious adverse event rates per 100 PY for biologics (8.19, CI 6.87–9.68) compared to CSTs (7.08, CI 5.39–9.13) (p = 0.3922). Sex stratification revealed a significantly higher overall ADR rate for all treatments in females (1.8‐fold for CSTs [57.30/100 PY vs. 31.69/100 PY] and 2.0‐fold for biologics [27.36/100 PY vs. 13.9/100 PY], p < 0.0001), and drug‐related discontinuation rates for most CSTs in females.ConclusionFemales were associated with a significantly higher rate of ADRs and drug‐related discontinuation rates. Sex stratification should be taken into consideration when designing studies in the patient‐tailored management of psoriasis.
Mechanism underlying pruritus in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: Role of interleukin‐31 from mast cells and macrophages
Authors: Lee Sang Gyun , Kim Song‐Ee , Jeong In‐Hye , Lee Sang Eun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPruritus is a highly burdensome symptom in patients with epidermolysis bullosa, especially recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB); however, only a few studies have assessed the molecular pathogenesis of RDEB‐associated pruritus. Interleukin (IL)‐31 is a key cytokine implicated in pruritus associated with dermatologic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and prurigo nodularis.ObjectiveTo investigate the role and cellular source of IL‐31 in RDEB‐associated pruritus.MethodsSerum and skin samples were obtained from 11 RDEB patients and 11 healthy controls. Pruritus visual analogue scale scores were determined. Serum levels of IL‐31 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) were examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of IL‐31 and other pruritus mediators in the skin were examined through immunofluorescence staining, and their correlation with pruritus severity was analysed.ResultsSerum IL‐31 and TSLP were elevated in RDEB patients. IL‐31 expression was increased in RDEB skin and positively correlated with pruritus severity. Most of the IL‐31‐expressing cells were mast cells, and some were CD206(+) M2‐like macrophages. The number of substance P(+) cells was also increased in the patients' skin, and most of them were mast cells. The number of substance P(+) mast cells was correlated with the number of IL‐31(+) dermal infiltrates. The number of IL‐4Rα‐ and IL‐13‐expressing cells and expression of TSLP and periostin increased in RDEB skin, but without a correlation to pruritus score.ConclusionThe increased production of skin IL‐31 from mast cells and M2‐like macrophages may be the mechanism underlying pruritus in RDEB.
Pretreatment eosinophil count predicts response to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Toshida Katsuya , Itoh Shinji , Yoshiya Shohei , Nagao Yoshihiro , Tomino Takahiro , Izumi Takuma , Iseda Norifumi , Toshima Takeo , Ninomiya Mizuki , Yoshizumi Tomoharu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimPretreatment peripheral blood markers have value in predicting the treatment outcome of various cancers. In particular, the eosinophil count has recently gained attention. However, no study has reported the influence of the pretreatment eosinophil count on the outcomes of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (ATZ/BEV), which is the recommended first‐line systemic therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u‐HCC).MethodsWe enrolled 114 patients with u‐HCC treated with ATZ/BEV (n = 48) or lenvatinib (n = 66). The patients receiving ATZ/BEV or lenvatinib were divided into two groups by calculating the cutoff value of the pretreatment eosinophil count. The groups were compared regarding the clinicopathological characteristics, outcomes, and incidence of adverse events (AEs).ResultsTwenty‐three of 48 patients (47.9%) who received ATZ/BEV therapy were categorized as the ATZ/BEV‐eosinophil‐high group, which had better responses than the ATZ/BEV‐eosinophil‐low group (P = 0.0090). Kaplan–Meier curves revealed a trend toward significantly better progression‐free survival (PFS) in the ATZ/BEV‐eosinophil‐high group than the ATZ/BEV‐eosinophil‐low group (the median PFS: 4.7 months in the ATZ/BEV‐eosinophil‐low group vs 12.6 months in the ATZ/BEV‐eosinophil‐high group; P = 0.0064). Multivariate analysis showed that a low eosinophil count was an independent risk factor for worse PFS after ATZ/BEV therapy (P = 0.0424, hazard ratio: 2.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–4.89). AEs (≥ grade 3) were significantly more likely to occur in the ATZ/BEV‐eosinophil‐high group (P = 0.0285). The outcomes did not significantly differ between the LEN‐eosinophil‐high group and the LEN‐eosinophil‐low group.ConclusionA high pretreatment eosinophil count predicted a better response to ATZ/BEV therapy for u‐HCC and was associated with the incidence of AEs (≥ grade 3).
First detection of Rift Valley fever virus antibodies in non‐human primates in Cameroon
Authors: Ebogo‐Belobo Jean Thierry , Sadeuh‐Mba Serge Alain , Chavely Gwladys Monamele , Groschup Martin H. , Mbacham Wilfred Fon , Njouom Richard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe tested for Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) from at least 15 species of non‐human primates. RVFV IgG/IgM antibodies were detected in 3.7% (2 out of 53) of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and in 1.4% (1 out of 72) of unidentified non‐human primate species. This study was the first investigation of RVFV in monkeys in Cameroon.
Efficiency of KTP laser for verrucae vulgaris and plantaris: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Dursun Pinar , Bulut Bilal , Kaya Tamer Irfan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundVerrucae are benign proliferations caused by human papillomavirus. Treatment is needed for pain, bleeding, contagiousness, and cosmetically.AimsThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of KTP laser treatment in verrucae, as well as side effects and recurrence rates.Patients and MethodsPatients who had Verrucae vulgaris (V. vulgaris) and Verrucae plantaris (V. plantaris) previously treated with KTP laser were scanned for their eligibility. Twenty‐nine patients who met the inclusion criteria were included. There was complete recovery in 24 patients (82.8%) and partial recovery in two patients (6.9%). Three patients (10.3%) were unresponsive to treatment after six sessions (no recovery). Two patients had mild pain during the application, and 65.4% of the patients had complete cosmetic recovery at the 3rd month follow‐up.ResultsAs a result, we found that the standard KTP laser can be an effective option for both types of verrucae.ConclusionsWe think KTP laser treatment can be preferred for verrucae treatment.