bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole-orbit radiomics: machine learning-based multi- and fused- region radiomics signatures for intravenous glucocorticoid response prediction in thyroid eye disease
Authors: Zhang Haiyang , Jiang Mengda , Chan Hoi Chi , Zhang Huijie , Xu Jiashuo , Liu Yuting , Zhu Ling , Tao Xiaofeng , Xia Duojin , Zhou Lei , Li Yinwei , Sun Jing , Song Xuefei , Zhou Huifang , Fan Xianqun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Radiomics analysis of orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows preliminary potential for intravenous glucocorticoid (IVGC) response prediction of thyroid eye disease (TED). The current region of interest segmentation contains only a single organ as extraocular muscles (EOMs). It would be of great value to consider all orbital soft tissues and construct a better prediction model.

Methods
In this retrospective study, we enrolled 127 patients with TED that received 4·5 g IVGC therapy and had complete follow-up examinations. Pre-treatment orbital T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) was acquired for all subjects. Using multi-organ segmentation (MOS) strategy, we contoured the EOMs, lacrimal gland (LG), orbital fat (OF), and optic nerve (ON), respectively. By fused-organ segmentation (FOS), we contoured the aforementioned structures as a cohesive unit. Whole-orbit radiomics (WOR) models consisting of a multi-regional radiomics (MRR) model and a fused-regional radiomics (FRR) model were further constructed using six machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Results
The support vector machine (SVM) classifier had the best performance on the MRR model (AUC = 0·961). The MRR model outperformed the single-regional radiomics (SRR) models (highest AUC = 0·766, XGBoost on EOMs, or LR on OF) and conventional semiquantitative imaging model (highest AUC = 0·760, NaiveBayes). The application of different ML algorithms for the comparison between the MRR model and the FRR model (highest AUC = 0·916, LR) led to different conclusions.

Conclusions
The WOR models achieved a satisfactory result in IVGC response prediction of TED. It would be beneficial to include more orbital structures and implement ML algorithms while constructing radiomics models. The selection of separate or overall segmentation of orbital soft tissues has not yet attained its final optimal result.
The effectiveness of an m-Health intervention on the sexual and reproductive health of in-school adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled trial in Nigeria
Authors: Akande Oluwatosin Wuraola , Muzigaba Moise , Igumbor Ehimario Uche , Elimian Kelly , Bolarinwa Oladimeji Akeem , Musa Omotosho Ibraheem , Akande Tanimola Makanjuola 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The implementation of the country-wide comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) curriculum among in-school adolescents remains abysmally low and mHealth-based interventions are promising. We assessed the effect of a mHealth-based CSE on the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge, attitude and behaviour of in-school adolescents in Ilorin, northcentral Nigeria.

Methods
Using schools as clusters, 1280 in-school adolescents were randomised into intervention and control groups. Data was collected at baseline (T0), immediately after the intervention (T1) and 3 months afterwards (T2) on SRH knowledge, attitude and practice of risky sexual behaviour (RSB). Data analysis included test of associations using Chi-square, independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Predictors were identified using binary logistic regression.

Results
In the intervention group, there was a statistically significant main effect on mean knowledge score (F = 2117.252, p =  < 0.001) and mean attitude score (F = 148.493, p =  < 0.001) from T0 to T2 compared to the control group which showed no statistically significant main effects in knowledge (p = 0.073), attitude (p = 0.142) and RSB (p = 0.142). Though the mean RSB score declined from T0 to T2, this effect was not statistically significant (F = 0.558, p = 0.572). Post-intervention, being female was a positive predictor of good SRH knowledge; being male was a positive predictor of RSB while being in a higher-class level was a negative predictor of RSB.

Conclusion
The mHealth-based CSE was effective in improving SRH knowledge and attitude among in-school adolescents. This strategy should be strengthened to bridge the SRH knowledge and attitude gap among in-school adolescents.
Trial registration Retrospectively registered on the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (pactr.samrc.ac.za) on 19 October 2023. Identification number: PACTR202310485136014
Decoding hand and wrist movement intention from chronic stroke survivors with hemiparesis using a user-friendly, wearable EMG-based neural interface
Authors: Meyers Eric C. , Gabrieli David , Tacca Nick , Wengerd Lauren , Darrow Michael , Schlink Bryan R. , Baumgart Ian , Friedenberg David A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
Seventy-five percent of stroke survivors, caregivers, and health care professionals (HCP) believe current therapy practices are insufficient, specifically calling out the upper extremity as an area where innovation is needed to develop highly usable prosthetics/orthotics for the stroke population. A promising method for controlling upper extremity technologies is to infer movement intention non-invasively from surface electromyography (EMG). However, existing technologies are often limited to research settings and struggle to meet user needs.

Approach
To address these limitations, we have developed the NeuroLife® EMG System, an investigational device which consists of a wearable forearm sleeve with 150 embedded electrodes and associated hardware and software to record and decode surface EMG. Here, we demonstrate accurate decoding of 12 functional hand, wrist, and forearm movements in chronic stroke survivors, including multiple types of grasps from participants with varying levels of impairment. We also collected usability data to assess how the system meets user needs to inform future design considerations.

Main results
Our decoding algorithm trained on historical- and within-session data produced an overall accuracy of 77.1 ± 5.6% across 12 movements and rest in stroke participants. For individuals with severe hand impairment, we demonstrate the ability to decode a subset of two fundamental movements and rest at 85.4 ± 6.4% accuracy. In online scenarios, two stroke survivors achieved 91.34 ± 1.53% across three movements and rest, highlighting the potential as a control mechanism for assistive technologies. Feedback from stroke survivors who tested the system indicates that the sleeve’s design meets various user needs, including being comfortable, portable, and lightweight. The sleeve is in a form factor such that it can be used at home without an expert technician and can be worn for multiple hours without discomfort.

Significance
The NeuroLife EMG System represents a platform technology to record and decode high-resolution EMG for the real-time control of assistive devices in a form factor designed to meet user needs. The NeuroLife EMG System is currently limited by U.S. federal law to investigational use.
Upper limb intention tremor assessment: opportunities and challenges in wearable technology
Authors: Paredes-Acuna Natalia , Utpadel-Fischler Daniel , Ding Keqin , Thakor Nitish V. , Cheng Gordon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Tremors are involuntary rhythmic movements commonly present in neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and multiple sclerosis. Intention tremor is a subtype associated with lesions in the cerebellum and its connected pathways, and it is a common symptom in diseases associated with cerebellar pathology. While clinicians traditionally use tests to identify tremor type and severity, recent advancements in wearable technology have provided quantifiable ways to measure movement and tremor using motion capture systems, app-based tasks and tools, and physiology-based measurements. However, quantifying intention tremor remains challenging due to its changing nature.

Methodology & Results
This review examines the current state of upper limb tremor assessment technology and discusses potential directions to further develop new and existing algorithms and sensors to better quantify tremor, specifically intention tremor. A comprehensive search using PubMed and Scopus was performed using keywords related to technologies for tremor assessment. Afterward, screened results were filtered for relevance and eligibility and further classified into technology type. A total of 243 publications were selected for this review and classified according to their type: body function level: movement-based, activity level: task and tool-based, and physiology-based. Furthermore, each publication's methods, purpose, and technology are summarized in the appendix table.

Conclusions
Our survey suggests a need for more targeted tasks to evaluate intention tremors, including digitized tasks related to intentional movements, neurological and physiological measurements targeting the cerebellum and its pathways, and signal processing techniques that differentiate voluntary from involuntary movement in motion capture systems.
Behavioral characterization of early nicotine withdrawal in the mouse: a potential model of acute dependence
Authors: Kim Baeksun , Im Heh-In 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Clinical and preclinical research have demonstrated that short-term exposure to nicotine during the initial experimentation stage can lead to early manifestation of withdrawal-like signs, indicating the state of “acute dependence”. As drug withdrawal is a major factor driving the progression toward regular drug intake, characterizing and understanding the features of early nicotine withdrawal may be important for the prevention and treatment of drug addiction. In this study, we corroborate the previous studies by showing that withdrawal-like signs can be precipitated after short-term nicotine exposure in mice, providing a potential animal model of acute dependence on nicotine.

Results
To model nicotine exposure from light tobacco use during the initial experimentation stage, mice were treated with 0.5 mg/kg (-)-nicotine ditartrate once daily for 3 days. On the following day, the behavioral tests were conducted after implementing spontaneous or mecamylamine-precipitated withdrawal. In the open field test, precipitated nicotine withdrawal reduced locomotor activity and time spent in the center zone. In the elevated plus maze test, the mecamylamine challenge increased the time spent in the closed arm and reduced the number of entries irrespective of nicotine experience. In the examination of the somatic aspect, precipitated nicotine withdrawal enhanced the number of somatic signs. Finally, nicotine withdrawal did not affect cognitive functioning or social behavior in the passive avoidance, spatial object recognition, or social interaction test.

Conclusions
Collectively, our data demonstrate that early nicotine withdrawal-like signs could be precipitated by the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine in mice, and that early withdrawal from nicotine primarily causes physical symptoms.
Correlation analysis of risk factors for cervical lymphatic metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Sun Haoying , Zhao Xueyu , Wang Xin , Ma Jinzhu , Liu Ming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to identify and analyze the risk factors associated with Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis (CNM) in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) patients.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study involving the clinicopathological data of 2384 PTC patients admitted to our hospital between January 2016 and December 2020. All relevant data were statistically processed and analyzed.

Results
The related risk factors for Central Lymph Node Metastasis (CLNM) were gender (male), age (≤ 30 years old), tumor lesion size (> 0.855 cm), and multifocal tumor foci. The ROC curve revealed that the critical value for predicting CLNM based on tumor lesion size was 0.855 (sensitivity = 57.9%, specificity = 69%, AUC = 0.269, and P < 0.05). Lateral Lymph Node Metastasis (LLNM) was positively correlated with tumor diameter. Specifically, the LLNM rate increased with the tumor diameter. LLNM occurrence was significantly higher in zones II, III, and IV than in zones I and V. Although the BRAF gene mutation detection assay has certain clinical benefits in diagnosing PTC and LLNM, no statistically significant difference was found in its relationship with central and lateral neck lymph node metastases (P = 0.741).

Conclusion
Our findings revealed that CLNM is associated with gender (male), age (≤ 30 years old), tumor lesion size (> 0.855 cm), and multiple tumor lesions in PTC patients. Central Lymph Node Dissection (CLND) is recommended for patients with these risk factors. On the other hand, preoperative ultrasound examination, fine-needle pathological examination, and genetic testing should be used to determine whether Lateral Cervical Lymph Node Dissection (LLND) is needed.
Exploring genetic variability under extended photoperiod in lentil (Lens Culinaris Medik): vegetative and phenological differentiation according to genetic material’s origins
Authors: Mitache Mohammed , Baidani Aziz , Bencharki Bouchaib , Idrissi Omar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLentil is an important pulse that contributes to global food security and the sustainability of farming systems. Hence, it is important to increase the production of this crop, especially in the context of climate changes through plant breeding aiming at the development of high-yielding and climate-smart cultivars. However, conventional plant breeding approaches are time and resources consuming. Thus, speed breeding techniques enabling rapid generation turnover could help to accelerate the development of new varieties. The application of extended photoperiod prolonging the duration of the plant’s exposure to light and shortening the duration of the dark phase is among the simplest speed breeding techniques. In this study, genetic variability response under extended photoperiod (22 h of light/2 h of dark at 25 °C) of a lentil collection of 80 landraces from diverse latitudinal origins low (0°–20°), medium (21°–40°) and high (41°–60°), was investigated. Significant genetic variations were observed between accessions, for time to flowering [40 → 120 days], time of pods set [45 → 130 days], time to maturity [64 → 150 days], harvest index [0 → 0.24], green canopy cover [0.39 → 5.62], seedling vigor [2 → 5], vegetative stage length [40 → 120 days], reproduction stage length [3 → 13 days], and seed filing stage length [6 → 25 days]. Overall, the accessions from Low latitudinal origin demonstrated a favorable response to the extended photoperiod application with almost all accessions flowered, while 18% and 57% of accessions originating from medium and high latitudinal areas, respectively, did not successfully reach the flowering stage. These results enhanced our understanding lentil responses to photoperiodism under controlled conditions and are expected to play important roles in speed breeding based on the application of the described protocol for lentil breeding programs in terms of choosing appropriate initial treatments such as vernalization depending on the origin of accession.
A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis comparing nonoperative versus operative management for uncomplicated appendicitis: a focus on randomized controlled trials
Authors: Brucchi Francesco , Bracchetti Greta , Fugazzola Paola , Viganò Jacopo , Filisetti Claudia , Ansaloni Luca , Dal Mas Francesca , Cobianchi Lorenzo , Danelli Piergiorgio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to provide a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing conservative and surgical treatment in a population of adults with uncomplicated acute appendicitis.

Methods
A systematic literature review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL. We have exclusively incorporated randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Studies involving participants with complicated appendicitis or children were excluded. The variables considered are as follows: treatment complications, complication-free treatment success at index admission and at 1 year follow-up, length of hospital stay (LOS), quality of life (QoL) and costs.

Results
Eight RCTs involving 3213 participants (1615 antibiotics/1598 appendectomy) were included. There was no significant difference between the two treatments in terms of complication rates (RR = 0.66; 95% CI 0.61—1.04, P = 0.07, I2 = 69%). Antibiotics had a reduced treatment efficacy compared with appendectomy (RR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.71 to 0.90, p < 0.00001, I2 = 87%) and at 1 year was successful in 540 out of 837 (64.6%, RR = 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 0.77, p < 0.00001, I2 = 81%) participants. There was no difference in LOS (mean difference − 0.58 days 95% confidence interval − 1.59 to 0.43, p = 0.26, I2 = 99%). The trial sequential analysis has revealed that, concerning the three primary outcomes, it is improbable that forthcoming RCTs will significantly alter the existing body of evidence.

Conclusions
As further large-scale trials have been conducted, antibiotic therapy proved to be safe, less expensive, but also less effective than surgical treatment. In order to ensure well-informed decisions, further research is needed to explore patient preferences and quality of life outcomes.
Circ_0000376 regulates miR-577/HK2/LDHA signaling pathway to promote the growth, invasion and glycolysis of osteosarcoma
Authors: Dai Hongchun , Yi Guangming , Jiang Dong , Min Yanmei , Li Zongwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Many studies have confirmed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) mediate the malignant progression of various tumors including osteosarcoma (OS). Our study is to uncover novel molecular mechanisms by which circ_0000376 regulates OS progression.

Methods
The expression of circ_0000376, microRNA (miR)-577, hexokinase 2 (HK2) and lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. OS cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were measured using cell counting kit 8 assay, colony formation assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay. Besides, cell glycolysis was assessed by testing glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP/ADP ratios. Protein expression was examined by western blot analysis. The interaction between miR-577 and circ_0000376 or HK2/LADA was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The role of circ_0000376 on OS tumor growth was explored by constructing mice xenograft models.

Results
Circ_0000376 had been found to be upregulated in OS tissues and cells. Functional experiments revealed that circ_0000376 interference hindered OS cell growth, invasion and glycolysis. Circ_0000376 sponged miR-577 to reduce its expression. In rescue experiments, miR-577 inhibitor abolished the regulation of circ_0000376 knockdown on OS cell functions. MiR-577 could target HK2 and LDHA in OS cells. MiR-577 suppressed OS cell growth, invasion and glycolysis, and these effects were reversed by HK2 and LDHA overexpression. Also, HK2 and LDHA expression could be regulated by circ_0000376. In vivo experiments showed that circ_0000376 knockdown inhibited OS tumorigenesis.

Conclusion
Circ_0000376 contributed to OS growth, invasion and glycolysis depending on the regulation of miR-577/HK2/LDHA axis, providing a potential target for OS treatment.

Graphical Abstract
Effect of different loads on facet joint motion during lumbar lateral bending in sitting position
Authors: Han Ye , Yuan Wei , Sun Shaosong , Ren Bao , Zhang Xiong , Li Zheng , Miao Jun , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
To study the effect of weight-bearing on lumbar facet joint during lateral bending in sitting position.

Methods
Ten normal healthy people (5 males and 5 females) aged 25–39 years (mean 32 ± 4.29 years) were recruited. CT scanning was used to reconstruct the lumbar spine model, and then dual fluoroscopic image system (DFIS) was used to restore the lumbar facet joint movement in sitting position. Finally, the lumbar facet joint translation distance and rotation angle were measured.

Results
In L3-4 level, the displacement of right facet joint in Y-axis was the smallest at 0.05 ± 0.40 mm, the displacement of 0 kg left facet joint in X-axis was the largest at 1.68 ± 0.85 mm, and the rotation angle was − 0.57 ± 1.43° to 5.66 ± 2.70° at 10 kg; in L4-5 level, the displacement of right facet joint in Y-axis was the smallest at 10 kg, − 0.13 ± 0.91 mm, and the displacement of left facet joint in Z-axis was the largest at − 2.11 ± 0.88 mm, and the rotation angle was 0.21 ± 2.14° to 7.89 ± 2.59° at 10 kg; in L5-S1 level, the displacement of right facet joint in Y-axis was the smallest at 10 kg, − 0.17 ± 1.10 mm, and the displacement of 0 kg left facet joint in X-axis was the largest at 2.19 ± 2.28 mm, and the rotation angle was 0.03 ± 2.02° to 3.98 ± 0.37°.

Conclusion
In sitting position, weight-bearing has certain influence on the displacement of facet joints during lumbar lateral bending movement, and this influence occurs simultaneously in translation and rotation; the left and right facet joints are not symmetrical during lumbar lateral bending movement.
Efficacy and safety of continuous passive motion and physical therapy in recovery from knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jia Zhengfeng , Zhang Yan , Zhang Wupeng , Xu Cheng , Liu Wanheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Continuous passive motion (CPM) is commonly used as a postoperative rehabilitation treatment, along with physical therapy, for postoperative knee rehabilitation. However, the comparison between the two in terms of efficacy in postoperative knee replacement recovery is unclear.

Purpose
To compare efficacy and safety of combined CPM versus physical therapy alone in postoperative rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were used to retrieve and access clinical studies on the efficacy of CPM compared with physical therapy. Review Manager software was used for study publication bias assessment and data analysis based on inclusion criteria.

Results
A total of 6 articles covering 557 patients were included in the study. In terms of range of motion (ROM), passive knee flexion was similar between CPM and physical therapy (PT) (WMD, − 0.17; 95% CI,  − 0.98–0.64; p = 0.68). At long-term follow-up, passive knee extension was similar between CPM and physical therapy (PT) (WMD,  − 0.28; 95% CI,  − 1.47 to  − 0.92; I2 = 65%, p =0.65). In addition, CPM generates significantly higher in length of stay (WMD, 0.50; 95% CI,  − 0.31 to 0.69; I2 = 3%, p < 0.001). CPM generates significantly higher treatment costs and incurs more care costs relative to physical therapy.

Conclusion
Compared to PT, combined with CPM failed to significantly improve ROM of the knees and patient’s satisfaction. In addition, CPM treatment significantly increased the cost of hospitalization.