bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Structure of Pandemic Vulnerability: Housing Wealth, Residential Segregation, and COVID-19 Mortality
Authors: Agbai Chinyere O. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has been particularly devastating for those with limited economic resources. Extensive research demonstrates the negative relationship between wealth and mortality at both the individual and area levels. In addition, residential segregation has been linked to poor health and greater mortality. Home equity is the largest asset that many Americans own, but residential segregation devalues homes located in Black neighborhoods. Despite the interlocking relationships between wealth, residential segregation, and mortality, it remains unclear how wealth and residential segregation work to predict COVID-19 deaths. Using U.S. Census data and county-level COVID-19 data from Johns Hopkins University (n = 1164), I deploy median home value as a wealth proxy and negative binomial regression models to interrogate two questions. (1) What is the relationship between home value and COVID-19 deaths? (2) How does the relationship vary by level of residential segregation? Results indicate that COVID-19 mortality is 64 percent greater in the lowest wealth counties than in the wealthiest counties. At average median home value, the most segregated counties with the largest Black populations suffer 28 percent more COVID-19 deaths than similarly situated counties with low levels of residential segregation and small Black populations. This study underscores the importance of accounting for residential segregation in examinations of the well-established relationship between socioeconomic status and health and mortality.
Pathognomonic features of Pasteurella multocida isolates among various avian species in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
Authors: El-Demerdash Azza S. , Mowafy Rehab E. , Fahmy Hanan A. , Matter Ahmed A. , Samir Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to isolate Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) from pulmonary cases in several avian species and then investigate the histopathological features, antimicrobial resistance determinants, virulence characteristics, and risk factors analysis of the isolates in each species in correlation with epidemiological mapping of pasteurellosis in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. The obtained data revealed a total occurrence of 9.4% (30/317) of P. multocida among the examined birds (chickens, ducks, quails, and turkeys). The incidence rate was influenced by avian species, climate, breed, age, clinical signs, and sample type. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all isolates were sensitive to florfenicol and enrofloxacin, while 86.6 and 73.3% of the isolates displayed resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and erythromycin, respectively. All of the P. multocida isolates showed a multiple-drug resistant pattern with an average index of 0.43. Molecular characterization revealed that the oma87, sodA, and ptfA virulence genes were detected in the all examined P. multocida isolates. The ermX (erythromycin), blaROB-1 (β-lactam), and mcr-1(colistin) resistance genes were present in 60, 46.6, and 40% of the isolates, respectively. Ducks and quails were the most virulent and harbored species of antimicrobial-resistant genes. These results were in parallel with postmortem and histopathological examinations which detected more severe interstitial pneumonia lesions in the trachea and lung, congestion, and cellular infiltration especially in ducks. Epidemiological mapping revealed that the Fakous district was the most susceptible to pasteurellosis infection. Thus, farmers are recommended to monitor their flocks for signs of respiratory disease, seek veterinary care promptly if any birds are sick, and avoid the random usage of antibiotics. In conclusion, this study presents a comprehensive picture of the risk factors in correlation to the pathognomonic characteristics of P. multocida infection in poultry sectors to help in developing more effective strategies for prevention and control.
The virtuous cycle of entrepreneurial identity and experience – a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Belchior Ricardo Figueiredo , Castro-Silva Hugo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEntrepreneurial identity represents a powerful motivating force that can help explain individuals’ entrepreneurial activity and has been found to be relevant to several new business venturing decisions. Although identity may entail some degree of temporal stability, personal agency and social interactions may change it. While understanding entrepreneurial identity formation and development is a promising research topic, longitudinal analyses are lacking. In this study, we propose a longitudinal model in which intra-individual entrepreneurial identity aspirations exhibit path dependency, and test different types of entrepreneurial experiences as mediators affecting this relationship. Applying structural equation modeling to a longitudinal sample composed of individuals formerly enrolled in higher education programs, we found that past entrepreneurial identity aspirations predicted identity aspirations 11 years later. We also found that, while prior successful entrepreneurial experiences positively influenced current identity aspirations, unsuccessful experiences did not decrease them. It is noteworthy that these results hold even when considering working for others in new business projects as an (indirect) entrepreneurial experience. Our study contributes to the literature by extending the scarce longitudinal evidence that supports the temporal stability of entrepreneurial identity and by adding novel evidence regarding the mediating impact of real-life entrepreneurial experiences while considering both their direct and indirect nature and their positive and negative outcomes. This study may be relevant to policymakers and entrepreneurship educators by providing evidence of a virtuous cycle between entrepreneurial identity and action and its boundary conditions.
Actualization of teaching conceptions in lesson design: how teaching conceptions shape TPACK regarding spherical video-based virtual reality-supported writing instruction
Authors: Chen Mengyuan , Chai Ching-sing , Jong Morris Siu-Yung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe effective application of spherical video-based virtual reality (SVVR) in writing education depends on teachers’ lesson design, which is deeply influenced by their technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK). However, how teaching conceptions, as the fundamental viewpoint that influences teachers’ teaching focuses, shape their TPACK remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore how teachers’ conceptions shape their TPACK regarding SVVR-supported writing instruction. Twenty-one secondary school teachers participated in this study and conducted one semester of SVVR-supported writing lessons. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and the interview transcriptions were analyzed using content analysis to explore the association between the teaching conceptions and TPACK. Teaching conceptions were classified into three orientations, namely skill, community, and identity, to reflect the teachers’ teaching focuses. TPACK was classified into three categories, namely Replacement, Amplification, and Transformation, to indicate the levels of integrating SVVR into the writing lessons. The results showed that teachers with students’ identity-focused conceptions shaped their TPACK at the Transformation level of SVVR integration. Teachers with community-focused conceptions developed students’ emotional connections with people and places through their TPACK for deeper writing. Teachers with skill-focused conceptions, on the other hand, shaped their TPACK at the Replacement level that replaced the existing teaching activities and resources with SVVR to teach students writing skills. The findings suggest that teachers may need to shift the conceptions of writing instruction toward identity orientation to develop transformative TPACK.
Young People’s Perceptions of the Effects and Value of Sports Betting Inducements
Authors: Di Censo Gianluca , Delfabbro Paul , King Daniel L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent research has focused on investigating the impact of sports betting inducements on individuals' gambling behaviour. Younger people are an important demographic, as they exhibit higher rates of sports betting engagement and are at a formative stage of life where they may be more vulnerable to potential harm. This study investigates how young people perceive the impact of four different types of betting inducements on betting behaviour. These inducements included sign-up, bonus bets, increased odds and stake-back offers. We recruited 130 participants (71.5% male) aged between 18 and 24 to complete an online survey. Participants were presented with four betting inducements that resembled social media betting advertisements. Participants were subsequently asked about how likely they were to place a bet and if they would be more likely to engage in higher-risk betting had they received each inducement. They also reported their perceived value of each inducement. The findings indicate that sign-up and bonus bet inducements were perceived to have a stronger influence on increasing betting behaviour and engaging in higher-risk gambling compared to stake-back and increased odds inducements. These inducements were also seen as having greater promotional value. Those who experience gambling problems were found to be more inclined to believe that incentives could motivate them to engage in riskier gambling behaviours. The study provides needed data on the effects of exposing participants to purposely designed promotions for betting inducements. The findings suggest that implementing policies to restrict inducements for sports betting could help mitigate gambling-related harm among young people. This appears especially true for incentives that lower the cost of betting or offer free bets.
Low-cost system for real-time verification of personal protective equipment in industrial facilities using edge computing devices
Authors: Lema Darío G. , Usamentiaga Rubén , García Daniel F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEnsure worker safety in the industry is crucial. Despite efforts to improve safety, statistics show a plateau in the reduction of these accidents in recent years. To decrease the number of accidents, compliance with established industrial safety standards and regulations by competent authorities must be ensured, including the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). PPE usage is of paramount importance, as it is essential to prevent accidents from occurring. This work aims to improve worker safety by verifying PPE usage. Technology plays a key role here. A cost-effective solution is proposed to monitor PPE usage in real time. Most existing safety control systems are costly and require considerable maintenance. A low-cost computer vision system is proposed to supervise safety in industrial facilities. This system uses object detection and tracking technology in low-cost embedded devices and can generate alarms in real time if PPE is not used. Unlike other works, temporal information is used to generate the alarms. Safety managers receive this information to take necessary actions. Emphasis has been placed on cost, scalability, and ease of use to facilitate system implementation in industrial plants. The result is an effective system that improves worker safety by verifying established safety measures at a reduced cost. The methodology used improves the Average Precision of PPE detection by 6%. In addition, unlike other studies, the problem of application deployment is addressed, which has an impact on its cost.
Shape and Size Variation in Elapid Snake Fangs and the Effects of Phylogeny and Diet
Authors: Palci Alessandro , Lee Michael S. Y. , Crowe-Riddell Jenna M. , Sherratt Emma 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent studies have found correlations between the shape of snake teeth/fangs and diet. These studies were done at a very broad phylogenetic scale, making it desirable to test if correlations are still detectable at a narrower evolutionary scale, specifically within the family Elapidae. To this end, we studied fang shape in a dense selection of elapids representing most genera worldwide (74%). We used three-dimensional geometric morphometrics to analyse fang diversity and evaluate possible correlations between fang shape, fang size, and diet. We detected weak phylogenetic signal for both shape and absolute fang size, and found that evolutionary allometry contributes a small proportion of the among-species variation. The distribution of elapid fangs in morphospace was found to be surprisingly conservative, with only a few outliers. The only three dietary categories that were found to have a significant effect on fang shape are mammals, lizards, and reptile eggs, with mammals having a significant effect also on absolute but not relative fang size. Our results show that there are disparate patterns in fang-diet relationships at different evolutionary scales. Across all venomous snakes, previous work found that fangs are strongly influenced by diet, but within elapids our study shows these same associations are weaker and often non-significant. This could result from limitations in these types of studies, or could reflect the fact that elapids are a relatively young clade, where recent extensive divergences in diet have yet to be mirrored in fang shape, suggesting a lag between changes in ecology and dental morphology.
On the automatic design of multi-objective particle swarm optimizers: experimentation and analysis
Authors: Nebro Antonio J. , López-Ibáñez Manuel , García-Nieto José , Coello Coello Carlos A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResearch in multi-objective particle swarm optimizers (MOPSOs) progresses by proposing one new MOPSO at a time. In spite of the commonalities among different MOPSOs, it is often unclear which algorithmic components are crucial for explaining the performance of a particular MOPSO design. Moreover, it is expected that different designs may perform best on different problem families and identifying a best overall MOPSO is a challenging task. We tackle this challenge here by: (1) proposing AutoMOPSO, a flexible algorithmic template for designing MOPSOs with a design space that can instantiate thousands of potential MOPSOs; and (2) searching for good-performing MOPSO designs given a family of training problems by means of an automatic configuration tool (irace). We apply this automatic design methodology to generate a MOPSO that significantly outperforms two state-of-the-art MOPSOs on four well-known bi-objective problem families. We also identify the key design choices and parameters of the winning MOPSO by means of ablation. AutoMOPSO is publicly available as part of the jMetal framework.
Sleep: An Overlooked Lifestyle Factor in Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction
Authors: Topan Rabia , Scott S. Mark 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of review
This review outlines the relationship between sleep and the GI tract in health, before appraising the association between sleep and the GI tract in disease, namely disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). We aim to explore whether sleep disturbance exacerbates DGBI symptoms or vice versa, and summarise the evidence for pharmacological and psychological treatment options.

Recent findings
Sleep disorders are more common in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared to healthy subjects, with a pooled prevalence of 37.6%. Sufficient evidence exists to support the use of melatonin to ameliorate overall IBS symptom severity and improve quality of life.

Summary
DGBIs are stress-sensitive disorders and simple lifestyle advice is recognised as first-line management. Sleep, a cornerstone of lifestyle management, appears to be the forgotten factor. Sleep disturbance (both duration and quality) has been associated with DGBI, namely IBS; however, further studies are required to determine whether treatment options targeted at sleep can lead to GI symptom improvement.
Variability of the Ionome of Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in a Dutch National Park, with Implications for Biomonitoring
Authors: Wenting Elke , Siepel Henk , Jansen Patrick A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe ionome—an important expression of the physiological state of organisms—is poorly known for mammals. The focus on particular tissues—such as liver, kidney, and bones—in biomonitoring of environmental pollution and potential deficiencies is based on widely held assumptions rather than solid knowledge of full mammalian ionomes. We examined the full ionome of Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and Wild boar (Sus scrofa), two commonly used mammals for biomonitoring, in a Dutch protected nature reserve (Veluwezoom). We used four individuals per species. We dissected 13 tissues and organs from each individuals (eight in total) of each species and measured 22 elemental concentrations in each. We assessed, for each element, how concentrations varied across tissues within and between individuals. Based on existing literature, we put our findings in the context of their function in the mammalian body. We found that the ionome was highly variable between as well as within the two species. For most elements, tissues containing the highest and lowest concentration differed between individuals. No single tissue accurately represented the accumulation of toxic elements or potential deficiencies in the bodies. Our assessment of the element’s biological roles revealed a serious lack of reference values. Our findings imply that analyses of commonly used tissues in biomonitoring do not necessarily capture bioaccumulation of toxins or potential deficiencies. We recommend establishing a centralized database of mammalian ionomes to derive reference values in future. To our knowledge, our study is one of the most complete assessments of mammalian ionomes to date.
Recent case law on equal treatment of agency workers: broad interpretation of a limited concept?
Authors: Kártyás Gábor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDirective 2008/104/EC calls for the equal treatment of agency workers and directly employed staff at the user company. This article focuses on the limits of this principle inherent in the Directive and on how the European Court of Justice has recently striven to interpret agency workers’ right to equal treatment as broadly as possible. The article also explores how the European Court of Justice has tried to broaden the material scope of agency workers’ right to equal treatment and points out the possible shortcomings of the narrow interpretation given to derogations by collective agreements. Finally, possible ways of enhancing the Directive’s effectiveness are addressed.
Memory Trace for Fear Extinction: Fragile yet Reinforceable
Authors: Liu Ying , Ye Shuai , Li Xin-Ni , Li Wei-Guang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFear extinction is a biological process in which learned fear behavior diminishes without anticipated reinforcement, allowing the organism to re-adapt to ever-changing situations. Based on the behavioral hypothesis that extinction is new learning and forms an extinction memory, this new memory is more readily forgettable than the original fear memory. The brain’s cellular and synaptic traces underpinning this inherently fragile yet reinforceable extinction memory remain unclear. Intriguing questions are about the whereabouts of the engram neurons that emerged during extinction learning and how they constitute a dynamically evolving functional construct that works in concert to store and express the extinction memory. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the engram circuits and their neural connectivity plasticity for fear extinction, aiming to establish a conceptual framework for understanding the dynamic competition between fear and extinction memories in adaptive control of conditioned fear responses.
Long-term prognostic value of the GenesWell BCT score in Asian women with hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative early breast cancer
Authors: Fujiki Yoshitaka , Kashiwaba Masahiro , Sato Mutsumi , Kawano Junko , Teraoka Megumi , Kanemitsu Shuichi , Rai Yoshiaki , Taira Tetsuhiko , Sagara Yoshiaki , Ohi Yasuyo , Jo Uiree , Lee Young-Won , Lee Sae Byul , Gong Gyungyub , Shin Young Kee , Kwon Mi Jeong , Sagara Yasuaki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Accurate prediction of the risk of recurrence is crucial for optimal treatment decisions in hormone receptor (HR)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative early breast cancer. The GenesWell BCT is a molecular assay to predict the 10-year risk of distant metastasis. In this study, we evaluated the long-term prognostic value of the GenesWell BCT assay.

Methods
The BCT score was assessed in patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative early breast cancer who did not receive chemotherapy. We compared the 15-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) between risk groups classified based on the BCT score. The risk of early (0–5 years) and late (5–15 years) recurrence was evaluated based on the BCT score classification.

Results
According to the BCT score, 366 patients from Japan and Korea were categorized as BCT low risk (83.6%) and high risk (16.4%) for distant metastasis. Median follow-up time was 17.4 years. The 15-year DMFS rate was significantly lower in the BCT high-risk group (63.3%) than in the BCT low-risk group (93.6%) (P < 0.001). The BCT risk group was an independent prognostic factor for 15-year DMFS (hazard ratio, 4.59; 95% confidence interval 2.13–9.88; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the BCT score was a significant predictor of late recurrence (5–15 years) in patients aged ≤ 50 years and those aged > 50 years, and added prognostic information to traditional clinical prognostic factors.

Conclusion
The BCT score can identify patients at low risk for recurrence who may not require adjuvant chemotherapy or extended endocrine therapy, regardless of age.
A story-driven gamified education on USB-based attack
Authors: Rikkers Vasco , Sarmah Dipti Kapoor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn recent years, gamification has seen a rise in usage for cyber-security training, with some of the most used elements being story and narrative. Yet there seems to be a lack of research on story-based gamification as well as how this type of gamification affects a training’s effectiveness. The goal of this study was to test the effectiveness of story-driven gamification in the prevention of USB-based attacks among students. To do this a story-driven gamified training was designed and deployed among students. It was found that story-elements were perceived to have a positive impact on the effectiveness of gamification. Testing the game showed that adding elements such as a guide and introducing characters caused the game to be more engaging and participants to learn more. Even to the extent that it was stated to be better than other gamification attempts lacking a focus on narrative. Because this research focuses on just story-elements and not other often used gamification elements such as rewards and leaderboards, it creates a clear image of how they should be used. It aids the design of a gamified training by showing what questions need to be answered to make story-elements work as effectively as possible towards the goal of the training. This also provides a foothold for future frameworks that could be made in regard to the usage of story-elements in gamification and education. During the research, there were also some questions raised that could be researched further such as a difference in results between participants with different study backgrounds.