bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coactivator Proteins as Determinants of Estrogen Receptor Structure and Function: Spectroscopic Evidence for a Novel Coactivator-Stabilized Receptor Conformation
Authors: Tamrazi Anobel , Carlson Kathryn E. , Rodriguez Alice L. , Katzenellenbogen John A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe direct regulation of gene transcription by nuclear receptors, such as the estrogen receptor (ER), involves not just ligand and DNA binding but the recruitment of coregulators. Typically, recruitment of p160 coactivator proteins to agonist-liganded ER is considered to be unidirectional, with ligand binding stabilizing an ER ligand binding domain (LBD) conformation that favors coactivator interaction. Using fluorophore-labeled ERα-LBDs, we present evidence for a pronounced stabilization of ER conformation that results from coactivator binding, manifest by decreased ER sensitivity to proteases and reduced conformational dynamics, as well as for the formation of a novel coactivator-stabilized (costabilized) receptor conformation, that can be conveniently monitored by the generation of an excimer emission from pyrene-labeled ERα-LBDs. This costabilized conformation may embody features required to support ER transcriptional activity. Different classes of coactivator proteins combine with estrogen agonists of different structure to elicit varying degrees of this receptor stabilization, and antagonists and coactivator binding inhibitors disfavor the costabilized conformation. Remarkably, high concentrations of coactivators engender this conformation even in apo- and antagonist-bound ERs (more so with selective ER modulators than with pure antagonists), providing an in vitro model for the development of resistance to hormone therapy in breast cancer.
Manganese superoxide dismutase activity in the rat adrenal
Authors: Raza F S , Okamoto M , Takemori H , Vinson G P 
Published: January 2005

In the light of studies suggesting that transcription of the gene coding for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is induced by ACTH in the rat adrenal gland, northern blot analysis was used to determine its mRNA distribution. It was found that mRNA coding for MnSOD is primarily present in the inner zones of the rat adrenal cortex, and not the glomerulosa. To investigate the functional relationships between MnSOD activity and expression and adrenocortical function, adrenals and blood were taken from animals pretreated with corticotrophin or betamethasone (Betnesol), or subjected to a low-sodium diet. MnSOD activity in inner zone mitochondrial fractions was enhanced by corticotrophin and by a low-sodium diet, but suppressed by betamethasone. Apparent cytosolic MnSOD activity, total cytosolic MnSOD and CuZnMn-SOD, and glomerulosa mitochondrial MnSOD all were unaffected. Steroid assays showed a clear correlation between circulating corticosterone and inner zone mitochondrial MnSOD, but none between aldosterone and glomerulosa MnSOD.
Immunoblot analysis of MnSOD showed two apparent isoforms, at approximately 25 kDa and 75 kDa. There was a partial relationship between expression of the 75 kDa isoform and MnSOD activity, in that it was induced by corticotrophin. However, there was also a slight induction with betamethasone, and a low-sodium diet had no effect. The 25 kDa MnSOD isoform was unaffected by the treatments. The results suggest that MnSOD may have a specific role in the steroidogenic function of the fasciculata/reticularis of the rat adrenal, but not in that of the glomerulosa.
Stereotactic Body and Conventional Radiotherapy for Painful Bone Metastases
Authors: Bindels Bas J. J. , Mercier Carole , Gal Roxanne , Verlaan Jorrit-Jan , Verhoeff Joost J. C. , Dirix Piet , Ost Piet , Kasperts Nicolien , van der Linden Yvette M. , Verkooijen Helena M. , van der Velden Joanne M. 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceConventional external beam radiotherapy (cEBRT) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) are commonly used treatment options for relieving metastatic bone pain. The effectiveness of SBRT compared with cEBRT in pain relief has been a subject of debate, and conflicting results have been reported.ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness associated with SBRT vs cEBRT for relieving metastatic bone pain.Data SourcesA structured search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases on June 5, 2023. Additionally, results were added from a new randomized clinical trial (RCT) and additional unpublished data from an already published RCT.Study SelectionComparative studies reporting pain response after SBRT vs cEBRT in patients with painful bone metastases.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data from eligible studies. Data were extracted for the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) populations. The study is reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOverall and complete pain response at 1, 3, and 6 months after radiotherapy, according to the study’s definition. Relative risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated for each study. A random-effects model using a restricted maximum likelihood estimator was applied for meta-analysis.ResultsThere were 18 studies with 1685 patients included in the systematic review and 8 RCTs with 1090 patients were included in the meta-analysis. In 7 RCTs, overall pain response was defined according to the International Consensus on Palliative Radiotherapy Endpoints in clinical trials (ICPRE). The complete pain response was reported in 6 RCTs, all defined according to the ICPRE. The ITT meta-analyses showed that the overall pain response rates did not differ between cEBRT and SBRT at 1 (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.99-1.30), 3 (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.96-1.47), or 6 (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.96-1.54) months. However, SBRT was associated with a higher complete pain response at 1 (RR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.02-2.01), 3 (RR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.16-2.78), and 6 (RR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.24-4.91) months after radiotherapy. The PP meta-analyses showed comparable results.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, patients with painful bone metastases experienced similar overall pain response after SBRT compared with cEBRT. More patients had complete pain alleviation after SBRT, suggesting that selected subgroups will benefit from SBRT.
Characteristics and functions of predictive and directive memories and forecasts
Authors: Ay Demet , Gülgöz Sami 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEarlier research focused on three functions of recollecting the past self, social, and directive functions, but few studies examined the characteristics of events serving these functions. Moreover, research has neglected the function of prediction, which refers to predicting the future by recollecting the past. The current study distinguished the predictive function from the directive function and aimed to characterize memories and future events serving different functions by employing function prompts as cues. In addition, the frequency of using function‐cued memories for the other functions was measured. Results showed that predictive and directive function ratings of the predictive function cued events were significantly different. However, directive events served the predictive function as frequently as the directive function, indicating that the predictive function is a prerequisite for future planning conceptualized under the directive function. The results are indicative of a distinct predictive function and considerable overlap between functions of memories.
Highly Stable O‐Tolylbiguanide‐CsPbI3 Quantum Dots and Light‐Emitting Diodes by Synergistic Supramolecular Passivation
Authors: Li Hanming , Hua Yulu , Wang Xiaoyu , Ge Chengda , Wang Zisheng , Song Yilong , Li Xiaohui , Wang Anran , Yang Yang , Zhou Kun , Dong Wei , Zheng Weitao , Zhang Lijun , Zhang Xiaoyu , Dong Qingfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeveloping effective strategy to passivate surface defects in quantum dots (QDs) is critical to achieving high‐efficiency and long‐life perovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, the supramolecular interaction underpinning of organic‐inorganic components is exploited and a facile method is proposed to generate multiple‐hydrogen‐bonded supramolecular‐perovskite crystal structures on QD surfaces by introducing O‐Tolylbiguanide (O‐Tg) during QD synthesis, enabling bright, conductive, and water‐resistant CsPbI3 QDs. Compared with commonly used oleic acid and oleylamine ligands, the biguanide functional group in O‐Tg not only forms multiple hydrogen bond interactions with lead halide octahedra passivating both bridging‐ and terminal‐halogen ion defects, but also compatibly occupies the A‐site position stabilizing the crystal structure simultaneously. With fewer nonradiative defects and introduced hydrophobic benzene rings preventing eroding of polar molecules, CsPbI3 QDs exhibit remarkable photoluminescence quantum yields of 96%, and their film can be submerged in water for 30 h without degrading. The corresponding LEDs display a high external quantum efficiency (21.2%) and offer superior operational stability with a lifetime (T90) of 25 h at a constant current density as high as 50 mA cm−2.
Oxidation‐Responsive Supramolecular Hydrogel Based on a Simple Fmoc‐Cysteine Derivative Capable of Showing Autonomous Gel–Sol–Gel Transitions
Authors: Shintani Yuki , Katagiri Hiroshi , Ikeda Masato 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAqueous soft matter, including supramolecular hydrogels capable of exhibiting stimuli–responsive macroscopic phase transitions, has attracted increasing attention for the exploration of functional soft materials. However, the investigation of supramolecular hydrogels that undergo autonomous and multiple macroscopic phase transitions (e.g., gel–sol–gel, sol–gel–sol) in response to the surrounding environment without repeated additions of stimuli has remained largely unexplored. In this study, the oxidation‐responsive autonomous gel–sol–gel transitions of supramolecular hydrogels fabricated via the self‐assembly of a simple fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc)‐protected, benzylated cysteine (Fmoc‐CBzl) is presented. During the evaluation of the oxidation process of Fmoc‐CBzl, it is revealed that the oxidized products, two diastereomeric sulfoxides (Fmoc‐CBzl‐(R)‐O and Fmoc‐CBzl‐(S)‐O), exhibit significantly different self‐assembly propensities under aqueous conditions. It may be noteworthy that the chirality of sulfoxide is largely overlooked and not effectively used to modulate supramolecular, self‐assembled nanostructures. The difference in the self‐assembly propensities and kinetics of self‐assembly/disassembly as well as co‐assembly will contribute to oxidation‐responsive autonomous gel–sol–gel transitions.
Advances in Green Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Du Taili , Chen Zhixiang , Dong Fangyang , Cai Hu , Zou Yongjiu , Zhang Yuewen , Sun Peiting , Xu Minyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), an emerging energy conversion technology, offers innovative pathways for energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing. To achieve superior performance, researchers commonly employ substantial quantities of original or treated polymers, resulting in high energy and precise sensing. Nevertheless, the sustainable development of TENGs faces significant challenges related to environmental compatibility, pollution hazards, and high production and disposal costs. To address this issue, numerous green materials for diverse TENGs are introduced and advanced. These materials may encompass natural resources, household waste, and recyclable materials, among others. Consequently, a review of the progress in TENGs based on green materials, which can be called green TENGs, becomes imperative to advance its sustainable development. To this end, this work comprehensively elucidates the development of green TENGs from the perspective of materials processing and treatment degree for the first time. Various green TENGs, including food waste, discarded daily‐use items, plant organs, biodegradable industrial products, and natural cellulose, are meticulously categorized. This review not only systematically synthesizes the latest research advancements in green TENGs, but also offers insight into their processing methodologies, working characteristics, and potential application scenarios. Finally, it envisions the challenges, proposed solutions, and future research directions for the development of green TENGs.
Na2.5VTi0.5Al0.5(PO4)3 as Long Lifespan Cathode for Fast Charging Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Zechen , Sun Chen , Li Meng , Wang Xiaoyang , Li Yang , Yuan Xuanyi , Jin Haibo , Zhao Yongjie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVanadium based NASICON‐type cathodes are faced with the exorbitant cost and underdeveloped multi‐electrons reaction of V species. In this work, a strategy of increased covalency of the NASICON framework combined with the reversible activation of V4+/V5+ couple is proposed to improve the electrochemical performance together with energy density of V‐based cathodes. Making full use of V2+/V3+/V4+/V5+ and Ti3+/Ti4+ redox couples, Na2.5VTi0.5Al0.5(PO4)3 exhibits admirable electrochemical performance, including a high specific capacity of 160.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and favorable cycling stability (a capacity retention of 88.3% at 20 C after 1000 cycles). Moreover, this cathode displays outstanding low temperature performance at 0 °C with a capacity retention of 89% after 1200 cycles at 5 C. In situ XRD and EIS analysis are conducted to reveal the Na+ storage mechanism. The cathode reveals a lattice volume variation of 2.16% upon cycling, which is responsible for the high structural stability during the extraction and intercalation process of Na+. Applying Na2.5VTi0.5Al0.5(PO4)3 as both cathode and anode electrode, the symmetric cell is assembled and displays exceptional capacity of 59.8 mAh g−1 at 20 C. The research provides an effective routine to stimulate the electrochemical potential of V‐based electrode materials.
Covalent Adaptable Networks with Dual Dynamic Covalent Bonds for Self‐Repairing Infrared Transmitting Materials
Authors: Cui Chenhui , Wang Fang , Chen Xingxing , Xu Ting , Li Zhen , Chen Kexiang , Guo Yinzhou , Cheng Yilong , Ge Zhishen , Zhang Yanfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInfrared transmitting materials (IRTMs) are prone to mechanical and corrosion damage during long‐time exposure to harsh outside environments. However, conventional IRTMs frequently lack self‐repairability that limit their lifespan. To address the limitation, thioctic acid‐based epoxy resins (TAEs) are developed from natural thioctic acid and commercial epoxy monomers. The double ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) reactions of thioctic acid and epoxy groups result in dual dynamic covalent bonds with varying bond energies containing relatively weak disulfide bonds and strong ester bonds. As compared with conventional covalent adaptable networks (CANs) that present rapid creep properties when heated, TAEs maintain their geometric stability during rapid self‐repairing at a mild temperature of 80 °C by enhancing network integrity through stable ester crosslinking points. The feature renders TAEs self‐repairing capability while maintaining precise geometrical dimensions, which is suitable for infrared transmitting devices. On the other hand, TAEs exhibit high near‐infrared transmittance (>80%). Therefore, TAEs with self‐repairability and high infrared transmittance demonstrate they can be used as superior polymeric IRTM.
Ferredoxin‐Inspired Design of S‐Synergized Fe–Fe Dual‐Metal Center Catalysts for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Liu Ming , Wang Xuemin , Cao Shoufu , Lu Xiaoqing , Li Wei , Li Na , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDual‐metal center catalysts (DMCs) have shown the ability to enhance the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) owing to their distinctive structural configurations. However, the precise modulation of electronic structure and the in‐depth understanding of synergistic mechanisms between dual metal sites of DMCs at the atomic level remain challenging. Herein, mimicking the ferredoxin, Fe‐based DMCs (Fe2N6‐S) are strategically designed and fabricated, in which additional Fe and S sites are synchronously installed near the Fe sites and serve as “dual modulators” for coarse‐ and fine‐tuning of the electronic modulation, respectively. The as‐prepared Fe2N6‐S catalyst exhibits enhanced ORR activity and outstanding Zinc‐air (Zn–air) battery performance compared to the conventional single Fe site catalysts. The theoretical and experimental results reveal that introducing the second metal Fe creates a dual adsorption site that alters the O2 adsorption configuration and effectively activates the O─O bond, while the synergistic effect of dual Fe sites results in the downward shift of the d‐band center, facilitating the release of OH*. Additionally, local electronic engineering of heteroatom S for Fe sites further facilitates the formation of the rate‐determining step OOH*, thus accelerating the reaction kinetics.
Blood–Brain Barrier‐Penetrating and Lesion‐Targeting Nanoplatforms Inspired by the Pathophysiological Features for Synergistic Ischemic Stroke Therapy
Authors: Tang Lu , Yin Yue , Liu Hening , Zhu Mengliang , Cao Yuqi , Feng Jingwen , Fu Cong , Li Zixuan , Shu Weijie , Gao Jifan , Liang Xing‐Jie , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIschemic stroke is a dreadful vascular disorder that poses enormous threats to the public health. Due to its complicated pathophysiological features, current treatment options after ischemic stroke attack remains unsatisfactory. Insufficient drug delivery to ischemic lesions impeded by the blood–brain barrier (BBB) largely limits the therapeutic efficacy of most anti‐stroke agents. Herein, inspired by the rapid BBB penetrability of 4T1 tumor cells upon their brain metastasis and natural roles of platelet in targeting injured vasculatures, a bio‐derived nanojacket is developed by fusing 4T1 tumor cell membrane with platelet membrane, which further clothes on the surface of paeonol and polymetformin‐loaded liposome to obtain biomimetic nanoplatforms (PP@PCL) for ischemic stroke treatment. The designed PP@PCL could remarkably alleviate ischemia‐reperfusion injury by efficiently targeting ischemic lesion, preventing neuroinflammation, scavenging excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), reprogramming microglia phenotypes, and promoting angiogenesis due to the synergistic therapeutic mechanisms that anchor the pathophysiological characteristics of ischemic stroke. As a result, PP@PCL exerts desirable therapeutic efficacy in injured PC12 neuronal cells and rat model of ischemic stroke, which significantly attenuates neuronal apoptosis, reduces infarct volume, and recovers neurological functions, bringing new insights into exploiting promising treatment strategies for cerebral ischemic stroke management.
Strategies to Modulate the Copper Oxidation State Toward Selective C2+ Production in the Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Jun Minki , Kundu Joyjit , Kim Duck Hyun , Kim Minah , Kim Dongyong , Lee Kwangyeol , Choi Sang‐Il 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of CO2 to form value‐added chemicals receives considerable attention in recent years. Copper (Cu) is recognized as the only element capable of electro‐reducing CO2 into hydrocarbons with two or more carbon atoms (C2+), but the low product selectivity of the Cu‐based catalyst remains a major technological challenge to overcome. Therefore, identification of the structural features of Cu‐based catalysts is of great importance for the highly selective production of C2+ products (ethylene, ethanol, n‐propanol, etc.), and the oxidation state of Cu species in the catalysts is found critical to the catalyst performance. This review introduces recent efforts to fine‐tune the oxidation state of Cu to increase carbon capture and produce specific C2+ compounds, with the intention of greatly expediting the advance in the catalyst designs. It also points to the remaining challenges and fruitful research directions for the development of Cu‐based catalysts that can shape the practical CO2 reduction technology.
High‐Safety Electrolytes with an Anion‐Rich Solvation Structure Tuned by Difluorinated Cations for High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ding Fangwei , Li Yixing , Zhang Guoxu , Wang Hongyu , Liu Bo , Liu Chang , Jiang Linhai , Sui Xulei , Wang Zhenbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs next‐generation energy storage devices, lithium metal batteries (LMBs) must offer high safety, high‐voltage resistance, and a long life span. Electrolyte engineering is a facile strategy to tailor the interfacial chemistry of LMBs. In particular, the solvation structure and derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) are crucial for a satisfactory battery performance. Herein, a novel middle‐concentrated ionic liquid electrolyte (MCILE) with an anion‐rich solvation structure tuned by difluorinated cations is demonstrated to achieve ultrahigh safety, high‐voltage stability, and excellent ternary‐cathode compatibility. Novel gem‐difluorinated cations first synthesized for prestoring fluorine on positively charged species, not only preferentially adsorb in the inner‐Helmholtz layers, but also participate in regulating the Li+ solvation structure, resulting in a robust interphase. Moreover, these weak interactions in the Li+ solvation structure including anion–solvent and ionic liquid (IL) cation–solvent pairs are first revealed, which are beneficial for promoting an anion‐dominated solvation structure and the desolvation process. Benefiting from the unique anion‐rich solvation structure, a stable hetero‐SEI structure is obtained. The designed MCILE exhibits compatibility with Li metal anode and the high‐voltage ternary cathode at high temperatures (60 °C). This work provides a new approach for regulating the solvation structure and electrode interphase chemistry of LMBs via difluorinated IL cations.
Microfluidic Metasurface with Constant Absorption Efficiency Throughout the Ku Band
Authors: Qin Jin , Gao Yusong , Zhang Wu , Xiong Sha , Zhu Weiming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetasurfaces with designable electromagnetic parameters are ideal candidates for broadband and tunable microwave absorbers. Water‐based metasurface microwave absorbers have been demonstrated to exhibit ultra‐broadband and near‐unity absorption. However, a broadband microwave absorber with constant and designable efficiencies remains a challenge due to stringent impedance‐matching conditions over a large frequency region. In this work, a design paradigm of microfluidic metasurface absorbers is proposed to regulate absorption efficiency over a wide frequency range. As an example, microfluidic metasurface absorbers are demonstrated with constant absorption efficiency over the Ku band, which is designable from 61.8% to 99.9%. The broadband metasurface absorbers have the advantages of easy fabrication, low cost, and optical transparency, making them highly promising for applications in fields like electromagnetic shielding, active camouflage, electromagnetic pollution control, and wireless communications.