bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rituximab therapy is effective for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders after solid organ transplantation
Authors: Blaes Anne H. , Peterson Bruce A. , Bartlett Nancy , Dunn David L. , Morrison Vicki A. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDPosttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) remain an uncommon complication of solid organ transplantation with a high mortality rate reported after conventional therapies. Alternative treatments such as rituximab have been explored.METHODSEleven patients with PTLD, who were CD20 positive, received an intravenous dose of rituximab, 375 mg/m2, weekly × 4 weeks, repeated every 6 months for 2 years in responding patients. The median age of the patients was 56 years (range, 43–68 yrs), and 9 patients were male. The type of solid organ transplantation that these patients received included lung (five patients), kidney (four patients), heart (one patient), and kidney/pancreas (one patient). The median time from transplantation to a PTLD diagnosis was 9 months (range, 1–122 mos). Diagnostic B‐cell histology was diffuse large cell lymphoma or polymorphous process. No patient had bone marrow or central nervous system involvement. Primary extranodal disease was noted in 82% of patients. Immunosuppressive therapy was decreased at the time of diagnosis.RESULTSRituximab was well tolerated, with mild infusional blood pressure alterations noted in two patients. The median follow‐up period was 10 months (range, 1–32 mos). The overall response rate was 64%, with 6 complete responses (CR), 1 partial response, 2 cases of progressive disease, and 2 deaths. The median duration of CR was 8 months (range, 2–19+ mos). The median time to treatment failure was 10 months (range, 5–25+ mos). The median survival was 14 months (range, < 1–32+ mos). Four patients were alive at the time of last follow‐up.CONCLUSIONSSingle‐agent rituximab may offer a response and survival advantage in patients with PTLD. Further evaluation of rituximab in these disorders, potentially in combination with other therapies, is warranted. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
The epigenome as a molecular marker and target
Authors: Gius David , Bradbury C. Matthew , Sun Lunching , Awwad Rania T. , Huang Lei , Smart Dee Dee K. , Bisht Kheem S. , Ho Allen S. , Nguyen Phuongmai 
Published: September 2005

AbstractTumor cell proliferation, de‐differentiation, and progression depend on a complex combination of altered cell cycle regulation, excessive growth factor pathway activation, and decreased apoptosis. The understanding of these complex mechanisms should lead to the identification of potential molecular markers, targets, and molecular profiles that should eventually expand and improve therapeutic intervention.It now appears clear that methylation plays a central role in transformation, both in vitro and in vivo. However, the exact targets and mechanism(s) are not yet fully understood. This is partly due to the significant number of genes altered by changes in intracellular methyltransferase activity and the chemical agents used to modulate gene expression. The complex nature of methylation's role in regulating gene expression suggests that in addition to investigating individual genes, researchers should develop more comprehensive methods to examine gene expression patterns and their predictive value as this will likely be necessary in the future.If methylation plays a role in transformation, then it seems logical that genes regulating intracellular methylation status may be used as molecular markers to profile tumors by any new methods currently being developed. Perhaps more noteworthy is that DNMT genes may be found to be novel molecular targets for new factor‐specific anticancer agents. This idea will be addressed. Cancer 2005. Published 2005 by the American Cancer Society.
Octahedral Hexahydroxo Rhenium Cluster Complexes [Re6Q8(OH)6]4–·(Q = S, Se): Synthesis, Structure, and Properties
Authors: Yarovoi Spartak S. , Mironov Yuri V. , Naumov Dmitry Y. , Gatilov Yuri V. , Kozlova Svetlana G. , Kim Sung‐Jin , Fedorov Vladimir E. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractTwo novel rhenium cluster compounds, K4[Re6S8(OH)6]·8H2O (1) and K4[Re6Se8(OH)6]·8H2O (2), containing octahedral cluster chalcogenide anionic complexes [Re6Q8(OH)6]4– with terminal hydroxo ligands have been synthesized by the reaction of Re6Q8Br2 (Q = S, Se) with molten KOH. Two chalcohalide compounds, one known (Cs4[Re6S8Br6]·2H2O, 3) and another new (Cs3[Re6Se8Cl6]·2H2O, 4), were prepared by reactions of 1 and 2 with CsX and HX (X = Br, Cl) in an aqueous solution. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 have been characterized by the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction method. Compounds 1 and 2 are crystallized in triclinic space group P$\bar {1}$ with one formula unit in the cell of dimensions a = 8.4936(8) Å, b = 8.9101(11) Å, c = 10.5940(13) Å, α = 77.935(11)°, β = 75.933(9)°, γ = 71.244(10)°, V = 728.9(1) Å3 (compound 1) and a = 8.613(1) Å, b = 8.996(1) Å, c = 10.057(1) Å, α = 78.587(2)°, β = 77.811(2)°, γ = 71.728(2)°, V = 715.9(2) Å3 (compound 2). Compound 4 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with two formula units in the cell of dimensions a = 9.819(3) Å, b = 12.925(4) Å, c = 11.756(4) Å, β = 113.38(3)°, V = 1369.6(8) Å3. Compounds 1 and 2 display luminescent properties. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Zirconium and Hafnium Complexes Containing η2‐Pyrazolato Ligands
Authors: Sebe Elena , Guzei Ilia A. , Heeg Mary Jane , Liable‐Sands Louise M. , Rheingold Arnold L. , Winter Charles H. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractTreatment of tetrakis(dimethylamido)zirconium with four equiv. of 3,5‐dimethylpyrazole, 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylpyrazole, or 3,5‐diphenylpyrazole in refluxing toluene afforded tetrakis(η2‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato)zirconium (86 %), tetrakis(η2‐3,5‐di‐tert‐butylpyrazolato)zirconium (88 %), and tetrakis(η2‐3,5‐diphenylpyrazolato)zirconium (85 %), respectively, as colorless crystalline solids. The analogous hafnium complexes were prepared through treatment of hafnium tetrachloride with four equiv. of the potassium salts of 3,5‐dimethylpyrazolate, 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylpyrazolate, or 3,5‐diphenylpyrazolate in tetrahydrofuran to afford tetrakis(η2‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato)hafnium (75 %), tetrakis(η2‐3,5‐di‐tert‐butylpyrazolato)hafnium (58 %), and tetrakis(η2‐3,5‐diphenylpyrazolato)hafnium·toluene (38 %), respectively, as colorless crystalline solids. X‐ray crystal structures of representative members of these complexes revealed monomeric species containing four η2‐pyrazolato ligands and approximate dodecahedral geometry about the metal centers. Treatment of tetrakis(η2‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato)hafnium with 3,5‐dimethylpyrazole in a 1:1 molar ratio afforded tris(η2‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato)(η1‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato)(η1‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazole)hafnium as colorless crystals (84 %). Tris(η2‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato)(η1‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato)(η1‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazole)hafnium contains three η2‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato, one η1‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato, and one η1‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazole ligands. The η1‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato and η1‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazole ligands are connected through a N–H···N hydrogen bond. Tetrakis(η2‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazolato)hafnium did not form an adduct with pyridine or tetrahydrofuran, suggesting that the formation of a hydrogen bond is important to the stability of adducts. Attempted sublimation of all of the new pyrazolato complexes led to some decomposition, as evidenced by the formation of the free pyrazoles in the sublimates and significant amounts of nonvolatile residues. This work greatly expands the number of zirconium and hafnium complexes that contain η2‐pyrazolato ligands. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Use of Tin (IV) Porhyrins as Ionophores for the Construction of Phthalate‐Selective Electrodes: Influence of the Structure and Membrane Composition on their Response Properties
Authors: Santos Emília M. G. , Araújo Alberto N. , Couto Cristina M. C. M. , Montenegro M. Conceição B. S. M. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractTin(IV) porphyrins derivatives were used as ionophores for phthalate selective electrodes preparation. The influence of ionophore structure and membrane composition (amount of incorporated ionic sites) on the electrode response, selectivity and long‐term stability were studied. Poly(vinyl chloride) polymeric membranes plasticized with o‐NPOE (o‐nitrophenyloctylether) and containing Sn(IV)‐tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) dichloride (Sn(IV)[TPP]Cl2) or Sn(IV)‐octaethylporphyrin (OEP) dichloride (Sn(IV)[OEP]Cl2), and in some cases incorporating lipophilic cationic (tetraocthylammonium bromide ‐ TOABr) and anionic (sodium tetraphenylborate – NaTPB and potassium tetrakis[3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate‐KTFPB) additives, were prepared and their potentiometric characteristics compared. Both ionophores are shown to operate via a neutral mechanism, and the addition of 10 mol % of lipophilic quaternary ammonium salt derivative to the membrane is required to achieve optimal electrode performance. The potentiometric units prepared, with Sn(IV)[TPP]Cl2 (Type A) or Sn(IV)[OEP]Cl2 (Type B) without additives, presented a slope of −52.8 mV dec−1 and −58.8 mV dec−1 and LLLR of 9.9×10−5 mol L−1 and 9.9×10−6 mol L−1, respectively. The units prepared using the same metalloporphyrins and incorporating 10% mol TOABr presented a slope of −55.0 mV dec−1 and −57.8 mV dec−1 and LLLR of 5.0×10−7 mol L−1 and 3.0×10−7 mol L−1. Their analytical usefulness was assessed by potentiometric determinations of phthalate in water and industrial products providing results that presented recoveries of about 100%.
Affinity Biosensors Based on Electropolymerized Films
Authors: Cosnier Serge 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis review gives an overview on different types of affinity biosensors based on electropolymerized polymer films that are becoming an important class of analytical tools. These affinity biosensors may be classified according to the strategy used for their fabrication, namely entrapment within polymers during their electrochemical growth, simple adsorption onto electropolymerized films, chemical coupling or affinity interactions between bioreceptors and electropolymerized films or direct electrochemical polymerization of the bioreceptor itself. Recently opened perspectives and potential research directions are also discussed.
Amperometric Sensor for Hydroxylamine Based on Hybrid Nickel‐Cobalt Hexacyanoferrate Modified Electrode
Authors: Shi Lihong , Wu Tian , He Ping , Li Di , Sun Chunyan , Li Jinghong 
Published: August 2005

AbstractHybrid nickel‐cobalt hexacyanoferrate (NiCoHCF) particles were immobilized onto a glassy carbon electrode by cyclic voltammetry. Characterization of these particles by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and electrochemistry revealed that NiCoHCF was a substitution‐type hybrid hexacyanoferrate rather than a simple mixture system. As an important reducing agent, hydroxylamine could be electrocatalytically oxidized at the NiCoHCF modified electrode. The effects of the solution pH and the applied potential on the amperometric response of hydroxylamine were examined. Under optimum conditions, the catalytic peak current was proportional to the concentration of hydroxylamine in the range 2.0×10−5–1.0×10−2 mol/L with a detection limit of 2.3×10−7 mol/L. Furthermore, detection results obtained with this sensor showed high sensitivity, fast response time, good stability and anti‐interference ability.
Multicommutated Flow System with Amperometric Detection. Determination of Uric Acid in Urine
Authors: Silva M. Luísa S. , Garcia M. Beatriz Q. , Lima José L. F. C. , Santos João L. M. , Barrado E. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractIn this work an automated flow methodology based on a tubular amperometric detector coupled to a multicommutated flow system was developed and applied in the determination of uric acid in urine. The exploitation of the analytical potential of multicommutated flow systems allowed the implementation of an expeditious and easily controlled on‐line sample dilution, based on the zone sampling approach. The dilution capability exhibited by the developed methodology allowed a direct insertion of the samples in the flow system, without any pretreatment, assuring faster, simpler and less expensive analyses when compared to the enzymatic based methods with spectrophotometric detection commonly used in clinical analyses. The results obtained with the developed system in the determination of uric acid in urine were compared with those obtained by the enzymatic method used in clinical analysis laboratories, and no statistical difference between both methods (for a confidence level of 95%) was found. The proposed system showed good repeatability (RSD<3%, n=10) and a detection limit of 4×10−7 mol L−1.
Chitosan‐Glutamate Oxidase Gels: Synthesis, Characterization, and Glutamate Determination
Authors: Zhang Maogen , Mullens Conor , Gorski Waldemar 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe biopolymer chitosan (CHIT) was chemically modified with glutaric dialdehyde (GDI) and used for the covalent immobilization of enzyme glutamate oxidase (GmOx). The relationships between the loaded, retained, and active units of GmOx in the CHIT‐GDI‐GmOx gels were determined by electrochemical assays. The latter indicated that on average ca. 95% of the GmOx was retained in the CHIT‐GDI matrix that was loaded with 0.10–3.0 units of the enzyme. The maximum activity of the GmOx immobilized in the gels corresponded to ca. 5% of the activity of the free enzyme. Platinum electrodes coated with CHIT‐GDI‐GmOx gels (films) were used as amperometric biosensors for glutamate. Such biosensors displayed good operational and long‐term stability (at least 11 h and 100 days, respectively) in conjunction with low detection limit of 0.10 μM glutamate (S/N=3), linear range up to 0.5 mM (R2=0.991), sensitivity of 100 mA M−1 cm−2, and short response time (t90%=2 s). This demonstrated an efficient signal transduction in the Pt/CHIT‐GDI‐GmOx+glutamate system. The CHIT‐GDI‐GmOx gels constitute a new biosensing element for the development of glutamate biosensors.
Making health continuous: implications of different methods on the measurement of inequality
Authors: Lecluyse Ann , Cleemput Irina 
Published: September 2005

AbstractIn most national surveys, health is measured as a categorical variable. However, in order to be able to calculate socio‐economic inequalities in health, a continuous variable is needed. The recently developed interval regression approach was shown to outperform to other approaches like ordered probit. In this research we investigate the impact of using different sets of external data to estimate health inequalities: the EQ‐index and the Canadian HUI. We found that the concentration index differs, but the income‐related health mobility index and its decomposition are highly similar. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phase precession of medial prefrontal cortical activity relative to the hippocampal theta rhythm
Authors: Jones Matthew W. , Wilson Matthew A. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractTheta phase‐locking and phase precession are two related phenomena reflecting coordination of hippocampal place cell firing with the local, ongoing theta rhythm. The mechanisms and functions of both the phenomena remain unclear, though the robust correlation between firing phase and location of the animal has lead to the suggestion that this phase relationship constitutes a temporal code for spatial information. Recent work has described theta phase‐locking in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a structure with direct anatomical and functional links to the hippocampus. Here, we describe an initial characterization of phase precession in the mPFC relative to the CA1 theta rhythm. mPFC phase precession was most robust during behavioral epochs known to be associated with enhanced theta‐frequency coordination of CA1 and mPFC activities. Precession was coherent across the mPFC population, with multiple neurons precessing in parallel as a function of location of the animal. The existence of phase precession beyond the hippocampus implies a more global role for this phenomenon during theta rhythm‐mediated coordination of neural activity. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
T‐ and B‐cell clonality and frequency of human herpes viruses‐6, ‐8 and Epstein Barr virus in angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Vrsalovic Maruska Marusic , Korac Petra , Dominis Mara , Ostojic Slobodanka , Mannhalter Christine , Kusec Rajko 
Published: August 2005

AbstractAngioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (T‐AIL) is a peripheral T‐cell lymphoma of unknown etiology. Previous clonality studies have shown a heterogeneous composition of this disease with varying restrictions of B‐ and T‐cell populations in the tumour. For the first time in a single study and in the same pathological materials, we have analysed, lymphoid cell clonality and occurrence of human herpes viruses and Epstein Barr virus. Of 18 cases 12 (66.6%) had clonal T‐ and three (16.6%) had clonal B‐cells. Presence of the lymphotropic viral genome of HHV6 was detected in four of 18 lymph node biopsies from T‐AIL patients (22%), all were TCRγ clonal. No HHV8 were found. Epstein Barr genome was found in 40% of cases. There was no significant association between T‐cell clonality and HHV‐6 or EBV infection, or between B‐cell clonality and any virus infection. We conclude that T‐AIL is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous entity whose true nature remains to be clarified. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ophthalmologic and intraocular non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: a large single centre study of initial characteristics, natural history, and prognostic factors
Authors: Meunier Jérôme , Rouic Livia Lumbroso‐Le , Vincent‐Salomon Anne , Dendale Rémy , Asselain Bernard , Arnaud Philippe , Fourquet Alain , Desjardins Laurence , Plancher Corine , Validire Patricia , Chaoui Driss , Lévy Christine , Decaudin Didier 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe aims of this study were to define the initial characteristics, natural history, and prognostic factors of patients with ophthalmologic and intraocular malignant lymphoma. All patients treated at the Institut Curie for lymphoma with ophthalmologic (orbit and/or adnexa) or intraocular involvement were retrospectively reviewed. A pathological review of all cases was performed according to the WHO classification. One hundred and forty‐five patients were selected for the study. Pathological review showed 36% MALT type lymphoma, 22% lymphoplasmocytic lymphoma, and 15% diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. Ophthalmologic and ocular sites were intra‐orbital in 61 cases (42%) and conjunctival in 51 cases (35%), with bilateral involvement in 10% of cases. Stage IV was found in 32% of cases, with bone marrow involvement in 12%. With a median follow‐up of 90 months, the 5‐year DFS and OS were 64 and 79% for low‐grade NHL, and 43 and 50% for high‐grade NHL. On multivariate analysis, age greater than 59 years, elevated LDH level, stage IV, high‐grade histological subgroup, and presence of B‐symptoms had a negative impact on OS for the overall population. In conclusion, with a median follow‐up of 7.5 years, our large cohort of patients represents one of the largest published series on primary ophthalmologic and intraocular malignant lymphoma. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How to be a good global communicator
Authors: Payne Dinah , Raiborn Cecily A. , Joyner Brenda E. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractAre you a good global communicator? With the rise in global mergers, outsourcing, and crossborder business, this issue can be critical to your success. We don't all “speak the same language,” even if we're all using English. Each country has a different culture, with different expectations and customs. The authors look at how culture, decision styles, and technology can affect your international business transactions—and how to avoid problems. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Putting your program on a planning diet (or, how to implement “program lite”)
Authors: Jankovsky Lynn 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWhen a Motorola division decided to spin off one of its largest business units within 15 months, a special project management team pulled together the people, processes, and tools needed for success in just four short weeks. This article explains how. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α modulates adhesion, migration, and FAK phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Corley Katina M. , Taylor Caroline J. , Lilly Brenda 
Published: September 2005

AbstractHypoxia promotes angiogenesis by modulating the transcriptional regulator hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α). HIF‐1α is a master regulator of the hypoxic response, and its proangiogenic activities include, but are not limited to, regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The remodeling of the vasculature during angiogenesis requires an initial destabilization step, which facilitates endothelial sprouting, followed by vessel growth, and restabilization through investment of smooth muscle cells. The complex dynamics of hypoxia‐induced angiogenesis prompted us to investigate what aspects of this multi‐step process are regulated by HIF‐1α. To do so, we analyzed the molecular properties of aortic and coronary artery smooth muscle cells in response to forced expression of HIF‐1α, and by treatment with cobalt chloride, which mimics hypoxia. Our results demonstrate that HIF‐1α causes a marked reduction in the ability of smooth muscle cells to migrate and adhere to extracellular matrices. Analysis of focal adhesion proteins showed no significant difference in expression or localization of vinculin or focal adhesion kinase (FAK). However, investigation of FAK phosphorylation, a critical mediator of adhesion and migration, revealed tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK is diminished in the presence of HIF‐1α and cobalt chloride. These results indicate that during hypoxia‐induced vessel remodeling, HIF‐1α functions to dampen adhesion and migration of smooth muscle cells by modulating FAK activity. We suggest that HIF‐1α expression in smooth muscle cells may augment vessel sprouting by loosening smooth muscle cell attachments to the basement membrane and endothelial cells. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.