bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polymorphisms in CYP1A1 and breast carcinoma risk in a population‐based case–control study of Chinese women
Authors: Boyapati Sonia M. , Shu Xiao Ou , Gao Yu‐Tang , Cai Qiuyin , Jin Fan , Zheng Wei 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDCytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) is involved in the 2‐hydroxylation of estrogen, the hormone that plays a critical role in the etiology of breast carcinoma.METHODSThe authors evaluated common polymorphisms in the CYP1A1 gene in relation to breast carcinoma risk in a large population‐based case–control study among Chinese women, the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. Because the CYP1A1*3 and CYP1A1*4 alleles were not detected in the study population, analyses were performed for CYP1A1*2A (T→C transition in the 3′ noncoding region) and CYP1A1*2C (A→G transition in exon 7, resulting in a substitution of Val for Ile) in 1134 patients with breast carcinoma and 1227 controls.RESULTSThe frequencies of the variant allele were 38.3% and 38.8% among cases and controls (P = 0.91), respectively, for the CYP1A1*2A polymorphism, and 23.1% and 24.8% (P = 0.26) for the CYP1A1*2C polymorphism. Homozygosity for both variant alleles in these 2 polymorphic sites (CYP1A1*2B) was associated with a borderline significant odds ratio (OR) of 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47–1.06). The reduced risk was more pronounced among postmenopausal women with long duration (> 30 yrs) of menstruation (OR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.19–0.99) or among women with a low waist‐to‐hip ratio (OR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.28–0.94).CONCLUSIONSResults from the current study suggest that homozygosity for the CYP1A1*2A and CYP1A1*2C alleles in the CYP1A1 gene may be associated with a reduced risk for breast carcinoma, particularly among lean women with long‐term endogenous estrogen exposure. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Neoplastic meningitis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Giglio Pierre , Weinberg Jeffrey S. , Forman Arthur D. , Wolff Robert , Groves Morris D. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeoplastic meningitis (NM) occurs in 5–10% of patients with malignant disease. Little is known about the outcomes of patients with gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies who develop NM. For this report, the authors characterized the clinical course and attempted to identify prognostic factors in patients with NM due to primary malignancies of the GI tract.METHODSIn this retrospective study, 21 patients with GI primary tumors and NM were identified: Their medical records and imaging studies were reviewed.RESULTSThe patient population was composed of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (n = 8 patients), esophageal adenocarcinoma (n = 7 patients), colon and/or rectal adenocarcinoma (n = 5 patients), and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n = 1 patient). The median overall survival after the initial diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was 55 weeks (range, 8–884 wks), and the median survival after the diagnosis of NM was 7 weeks (range, 0–64 wks). Four patients died during palliative radiotherapy. No factors identified had an impact on outcome, including symptoms, physical findings at diagnosis, imaging characteristics, or cerebrospinal fluid findings. Univariate analysis showed a trend toward better outcomes for patients who received any kind of treatment directed toward the NM.CONCLUSIONSPatients with NM from GI tract adenocarcinomas universally had poor outcomes. Until NM can be diagnosed earlier and/or until more effective therapies are identified, comfort care alone may be a reasonable alternative for some of these unfortunate patients. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Outpatient treatment of low‐risk neutropenic fever in cancer patients using oral moxifloxacin
Authors: Chamilos Georgios , Bamias Aristotle , Efstathiou Eleni , Zorzou Pagona M. , Kastritis Efstathios , Kostis Evagelos , Papadimitriou Christos , Dimopoulos Meletios A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDOral‐based antibiotic therapy is the standard of care in the management of cancer patients with low‐risk neutropenic fever. Nevertheless, to the authors' knowledge, the best antibiotic regimen and the feasibility of ambulatory treatment have not been clearly defined.METHODSThe authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin as outpatient treatment in cancer patients with febrile neutropenia who were selected according to the recently proposed Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) risk assessment model. Moxifloxacin was given at a dose of 400 mg orally once daily.RESULTSFifty‐four patients with solid and hematologic malignancies, the majority of whom (84%) had advanced disease, were included in the current study. The median neutrophil count at the time of study entry was 340/mm3 (range, 20–950/mm3) and the median duration of neutropenia was 4 days (range, 3–14 days). Of 55 neutropenic episodes, 50 (91%) had a successful outcome with a median time to defervescence of 2 days (range, 1–5 days). A multivariate analysis indicated that severe neutropenia (an absolute neutrophil count of < 100 mm3) was the only independent factor associated with treatment failure (P < 0.04). Moxifloxacin was found to be well tolerated and there were no infectious deaths reported.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study demonstrated that moxifloxacin was a highly effective and safe regimen in the outpatient treatment of cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Increased renal hypertrophy in diabetic mice genetically modified at the haptoglobin locus
Authors: Miller‐Lotan Rachel , Herskowitz Yehuda , Kalet‐Litman Shiri , Nakhoul Farid , Aronson Doron , Zoabi Roaa , Asaf Roy , Ben‐Izhak Ofer , Sabo Edmond , Lim Sai‐Kiang , Baumann Heinz , Berger Franklin G. , Levy Andrew P. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe human haptoglobin (Hp) gene is polymorphic with two functional classes of alleles, denoted 1 and 2. We have demonstrated in three longitudinal studies and several cross‐sectional studies that the Hp genotype is an independent risk factor for diabetic vascular disease. These studies have presented a compelling argument that diabetic individuals homozygous for the Hp 1 allele are at decreased risk of vascular complications as compared to diabetic individuals with the Hp 2 allele.MethodsThe naturally occurring (wild type) mouse Hp is a class 1 Hp allele. We examined renal hypertrophy in wild‐type mice, Hp knockout mice (Hp 0), and in mice with the Hp 2 allele (Hp 2) with and without diabetes.ResultsIn the absence of diabetes, we found that renal hypertrophy was significantly increased in Hp 0 mice and that this could be prevented with vitamin E. There was no difference between wild type and Hp 2 mice with regard to renal hypertrophy in the absence of diabetes. However, in the presence of diabetes, Hp 2 mice demonstrated a significant increase in renal hypertrophy as compared to wild‐type mice.ConclusionsThese results support a direct linkage between diabetic vascular disease and the Hp genotype. These Hp‐modified mice may serve as a platform on which to test a variety of pharmacological agents in order to decrease diabetic vascular disease. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An adaptive antenna array for single carrier modulation with cyclic prefix
Authors: Hayashi Kazunori , Kojima Taku , Sakai Hideaki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn this paper, a method for weight control of an adaptive array is proposed for a system using a cyclic prefix in single carrier wireless communications (SC‐CP). In the SC‐CP system, the delayed wave within the guard interval (GI) can be equalized by discrete frequency domain equalization. Therefore, it is to be expected that the characteristics can be improved with respect to the received signal power by reception of several arriving waves within the GI. On the other hand, reception of several arriving waves leads to generation of zero points in the frequency response so that noise enhancement may be a problem for a discrete frequency domain equalizer with a zero forcing (ZF) reference. Also caused in the SC‐CP system are the intersymbol interference (ISI) and interblock interference (IBI) due to the delayed wave exceeding the GI length. In this paper, a weight control method is proposed that simultaneously realizes enhanced received signal power by reception of several arriving waves and avoidance of noise enhancement due to ZF reference equalizer. At the same time, the weight control method to suppress delayed waves outside the GI is theoretically derived and its characteristics are evaluated by a computer simulation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 88(9): 38–48, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20189
Circularly polarized loop‐line antennas: Fundamental study on dual polarization
Authors: Hirose Kazuhide , Kanazawa Hiroyuki , Nakano Hisamatsu 
Published: April 2005

AbstractTwo types of microstrip line antennas made of loop elements are treated and a basic study of dual circular polarizations is performed. The analytical values obtained by the method of moments are used for the study. Dual polarizations are attempted with an antenna combining two conventional series loop‐line antennas. Unwanted radiation near an elevation angle of 0° in the radiation pattern is recognized. The radiated field is separated into emissions from various parts of the antenna. The study results indicate that the radiation from the loop elements is weak. Next, based on the study results, a parallel loop‐line antenna is proposed. After a design method for the antenna is presented, the dual polarization characteristics are demonstrated. In comparison with the case of a series loop‐line antenna, the unwanted radiation at an elevation angle of 0° is decreased from −9 dB to −18 dB. Finally, the frequency characteristics of the parallel loop‐line antenna are studied. It is shown that a circular polarization with an axial ratio of less than 3 dB can be obtained over a bandwidth of 1%. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 88(9): 9–18, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20219
A compact method for measuring antenna impedance using near‐field backscatter data
Authors: Nakamura Takashi , Goto Yoshihisa , Sato Risaburo 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn this paper, a compact measurement method is proposed for deriving the input impedance from the near‐field scattering characteristics of an antenna under test. The relationship between the backscatter data including the near field and the input impedance of the antenna is derived. It is shown that scattered waves can be in the near field if electrical coupling of transmitting and receiving antennas with the antenna to be measured is small. When orthogonally placed transmitting and receiving dipoles are used as a model for the measurement system, practically valid results can be obtained if these antennas are more than a half‐wavelength apart from the antenna under test. Experiments are carried out to validate the method by impedance measurement of balanced and unbalanced dipoles. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 88(9): 1–8, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20220
A scheme of private key agreement based on the channel characteristics in OFDM land mobile radio
Authors: Kitaura Akito , Sasaoka Hideichi 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAs a measure for preventing eavesdropping on land‐mobile communication, this paper studies an application of a private key agreement based on the propagation characteristics of channel to a practical system without key delivery. The paper proposes a private key agreement based on the time‐varying frequency characteristics suitable for OFDM. In the proposed method, the time‐varying frequency characteristics are alternately measured on the basis of the channel reciprocity and generation of the key and key agreement is attempted. Also, in the proposed method, for prevention of errors in key generation, measurement time difference compensation of the channel, noise reduction by the synchronous addition process, and key disagreement correction by an algebraic decoding method are applied. Further, in order to evaluate the safety of the key, a method for evaluation of independence of the key is discussed. As a system mode for evaluation of the performance of the proposed method, a model is constructed for study that is based on the specification of the IEEE802.11a wireless LAN using the OFDM, so that verification of an operation can be carried out in a more realistic environment. Numerical simulation indicates that it is possible to share the private key in a realistic setting with an SN ratio of 15 dB by means of various measures for prevention of key disagreement. Also, an evaluation confirms that independence is sufficiently maintained. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 88(9): 1–10, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20167
Image generation in chirp pulse microwave computed tomography (CP‐MCT) by numerical computation: Computation of a human head model
Authors: Miyakawa Michio , Kawada Yohei , Bertero Mario 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis paper considers chirp pulse microwave CT (CP‐MCT), in which the chirp pulse and signal processing technology are used to estimate the internal structure and temperature variation of biological objects. A method is developed in which the CT image to be acquired by actual measurement can be derived by numerical computation. The aftereffect function between the transmitting and receiving antennas is calculated by a Gaussian pulse and the FDTD method. After convolution of the function with the input chirp pulse signal on the time axis, the measured signal at a point is constructed by the same signal processing as in real measurement. This computation is repeated for each point on the translation‐scanning axis. The projection data are acquired and the CT image is generated. The validity of this computation procedure, which is called the aftereffect function method, is demonstrated by comparing the resolution and the measured temperature variation in actual measurements with the results of a simulation computation. Using the aftereffect function method, the point‐spread function of an imaging system which is difficult to measure, can be derived. An analytical model for the human head is constructed. Simulations are performed for the attenuation distribution and the temperature variation distribution. Based on the results, the feasibility of the biological imaging by CP‐MCT is discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 88(9): 53–63, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20190
Immune responses to DNA mismatch repair enzymes hMSH2 and hPMS1 in patients with pancreatic cancer, dermatomyositis and polymyositis
Authors: Okada Takaho , Noji Shinobu , Goto Yasufumi , Iwata Takashi , Fujita Tomonobu , Okada Tsutomu , Matsuzaki Yuriko , Kuwana Masataka , Hirakata Michito , Horii Akira , Matsuno Seiki , Sunamura Makoto , Kawakami Yutaka 
Published: April 2005

AbstractTo identify tumor antigens useful for diagnosis and immunotherapy of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, we applied a SEREX approach with a cDNA library made from 5 pancreatic cancer cell lines and sera obtained from 8 patients with pancreatic cancer, and isolated total 32 genes, including 14 previously characterized genes and 18 genes with unknown functions. Among these isolated antigens, serum IgG antibodies for 2 isolated DNA mismatch repair enzymes, Homo sapiens mutS homolog 2 (hMSH2) and Homo sapiens postmeiotic segregation increased 1 (hPMS1), were detected in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and dermatomyositis (DM), and polymyositis (PM), but not in sera from healthy individuals. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that hMSH2 and hPMS1 were over‐expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma compared to normal pancreatic ducts. These results suggested that hMSH2 and hPMS1 may be useful as CD4+ helper T cell antigens for immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer patients and that serum IgG antibodies may be useful for diagnosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and DM/PM. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Melanoma patients respond to a new HLA‐A*01‐presented antigenic ligand derived from a multi‐epitope region of melanoma antigen TRP‐2
Authors: Paschen Annette , Jing Weiqing , Drexler Ingo , Klemm Moritz , Song Mingxia , Müller‐Berghaus Jan , Nguyen Xuan Duc , Osen Wolfram , Stevanovic Stefan , Sutter Gerd , Schadendorf Dirk 
Published: April 2005

AbstractTyrosinase‐related protein‐2 (TRP‐2) is a known target antigen of spontaneous cytotoxic T cell responses in melanoma patients. Its frequent expression in metastatic tumors suggests that it might be an ideal candidate antigen for T cell‐based immunotherapy. To provide knowledge about TRP‐2‐derived T cell epitopes useful for immunotherapy we applied a “reverse immunology strategy” based on repeated in vitro peptide stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from normal donors with predicted HLA‐A*01 ligands. This led to the identification of TRP‐2181–190 as the first HLA‐A*01‐presented TRP‐2‐derived epitope. T‐cell lines specific for peptide TRP‐2181–190 could be established from PBL of 50% of the normal HLA‐A*01+ donors tested. Such T cells responded specifically to autologous dendritic cells transduced virally with TRP‐2, as well as to HLA‐A*01+, TRP‐2+ melanoma cells, although tumor cells had to be pretreated with IFN‐γ to become susceptible to T cell recognition. Interestingly, short‐term in vitro peptide stimulation of PBL from HLA‐A*01+ melanoma patients showed the presence of TRP‐2181–190‐reactive CD8+ T cells in some donors, suggesting their in vivo sensitization. Because TRP‐2181–190 overlaps with the known HLA‐A*0201‐presented epitope TRP‐2180–188, an 11mer peptide encompassing both epitopes might be of specific value for vaccination of a broad population of melanoma patients. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective infiltration of CCR5+CXCR3+ T lymphocytes in human colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Musha Hiroaki , Ohtani Haruo , Mizoi Takayuki , Kinouchi Makoto , Nakayama Takashi , Shiiba Kennichi , Miyagawa Kikuo , Nagura Hiroshi , Yoshie Osamu , Sasaki Iwao 
Published: April 2005

AbstractT cell infiltration in colorectal cancer is associated with a favorable prognosis, suggesting an occurrence of a certain degree of anti‐tumor immunity. T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells are now known to selectively express CC‐chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)/CXC‐chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and CCR4, respectively. To clarify the mechanism of T cell infiltration, we examined in situ expression of these chemokine receptors and their respective chemokine ligands in 40 cases of human colorectal cancer. Immunohistochemistry showed a predominant accumulation of T cells expressing CCR5 and CXCR3 mainly along the invasive margin, whereas those expressing CCR4 were rare. Flow cytometric analysis showed that more than half of CD8+ T cells and a fraction of CD4+ cells isolated from fresh tumor tissues co‐expressed CCR5 and CXCR3, and CD8+ T cells and CD4+ cells predominantly produced interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) over interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) after in vitro stimulation. RANTES/CCL5, a ligand of CCR5, was localized within infiltrating CD8+ T cells in a granular pattern, whereas IP‐10/CXCL10, a ligand of CXCR3, was localized in cancer cells and macrophages along the invasive margin. These data were consistent with an active recruitment of T cells expressing CCR5 or CXCR3 into the invasive margin of colorectal cancer. With the previous clinicopathological studies showing a favorable prognostic impact of T cell infiltration in colorectal cancer, our study supports the occurrence of a certain level of Th1‐shifted cellular immune responses in human colorectal cancer. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Green tea drinking and multigenetic index on the risk of stomach cancer in a Chinese population
Authors: Mu Li‐Na , Lu Qing‐Yi , Yu Shun‐Zhang , Jiang Qing‐Wu , Cao Wei , You Nai‐Chieh , Setiawan Veronica Wendy , Zhou Xue‐Fu , Ding Bao‐Guo , Wang Ru‐Hong , Zhao Jinkou , Cai Lin , Rao Jian‐Yu , Heber David , Zhang Zuo‐Feng 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to examine the roles of green tea drinking, other risk and protective factors, and polymorphism of susceptibility genes such as GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, and p53 codon 72 and their possible joint effects on the risk of stomach cancer. A population‐based case‐control study was conducted in Taixing, China, including 206 newly diagnosed cases with stomach cancer and 415 healthy control subjects. Epidemiological data were collected by in‐person interviews using a standard questionnaire. Polymorphisms of susceptibility genes were assayed by PCR‐RFLP techniques. A multigenetic index was created by summing up the number of risk genotypes. The data were analyzed using the logistic regression model. A reverse association between green tea drinking and risk of stomach cancer was observed with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.34–1.01). Dose‐response relationship was shown (p‐trend < 0.05). A higher score on the multigenetic index was associated with increased risk of stomach cancer with an adjusted OR of 2.21 (95% CI = 1.02–4.79) for those with at least 3 risk genotypes compared to those with <2 risk genotypes. Green tea drinking was suggested to have more than multiplicative interactions with alcohol consumption with an adjusted OR for interaction of 4.57 (95% CI = 1.62–12.89), and with higher multigenetic index with adjusted OR for interaction of 2.31 (95% CI = 0.88–6.03). The protective effect of green tea drinking was observed on the risk of stomach cancer and the possible effect modification by susceptibility genes was suggested. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cyclooxygenase‐2 overexpression in MCF‐10F human breast epithelial cells inhibits proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation, and causes partial transformation
Authors: Lu Suying , Yu Guo , Zhu Yonghong , Archer Michael C. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractTo investigate the effects of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) overexpression on breast cancer development, we stably transfected MCF‐10F human breast epithelial cells with an expression vector containing human COX‐2 cDNA oriented in the sense (10F‐S) or antisense (10F‐AS) direction. As expected, 10F‐S cells expressed elevated levels of COX‐2 protein, whereas this protein was undetectable in the 10F‐AS cells. Prostaglandin E2 production in these cells reflected COX‐2 levels. The 10F‐S cells had a significantly decreased rate of proliferation compared to 10F‐AS or parental cells, and a delay in progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. COX‐2 overexpression also caused resistance to detachment‐induced apoptosis (anoikis) as well as an inhibition of differentiation in cells cultured in Matrigel. Furthermore, after ∼ 20 passages in culture, 10F‐S cells developed fibroblast‐like features, expressed vimentin, and formed foci of dense growth when cultured at confluence, suggesting that the cells were undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The 10F‐S cells, however, were unable to grow in soft agar or form tumors in nude mice, suggesting that they were only partially transformed. Our observations suggest that COX‐2 overexpression in human breast epithelial cells will predispose the mammary gland to carcinogenesis. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.