bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there any diagnostic value of serum caveolin-1 levels on the determination of pancreatic adenocarcinoma?
Authors: Karabulut Senem , Afsar Cigdem U. , Paksoy Nail , Ferhatoglu Ferhat , Dogan Izzet , Tastekin Didem 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a vital component in cancer pathogenesis, as its expression determines the survival of patients with cancer. This study investigates CAV-1 serum levels in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) patients and their role in tumor progression and prognostic factors.

Method:
The trial included 33 patients with pathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer (PC). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure the concentrations of CAV-1 in the blood. The study also included 20 healthy subjects. The statistical analysis was two-sided, and a P value of ≤ 0.05 was determined as statistically significant.

Results:
The median age of the subjects was 59 years (32–84 years) at the time of diagnosis. There were 13 (39%) female participants. In 21 (63%) patients, the primary focus was the pancreatic head. In 23 stage IV patients, hepatic metastasis (n = 19, 83%) was observed. Only one patient (3%) was still alive at the end of the study period. Palliative chemotherapy (CTx) was provided, with 39% of the 23 patients responding to it. The overall survival (OS) rate in this cohort was 41.3 ± 8.3 weeks at a 95% confidence interval (CI), after 25–58 weeks. Serum baseline CAV-1 values among patients with PA were significantly higher compared with controls (p = 0.009). Patients with poor performance status, a pancreatic head tumor, lower albumin levels, higher serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, and higher CA 19.9 levels had significantly higher serum CAV-1 levels (p = 0.01, P = 0.05, P = 0.03, P = 0.02, and P = 0.04, respectively). However, CAV-1 did not show any prognostic value (p = 0.75).

Conclusion:
Although serum CAV-1 is a useful diagnostic marker in PC patients, it is not a prognostic or predictive marker.
Ophthalmic giant cell arteritis in a patient with normal visual acuity
Authors: Hall MacGregor N. , Maleki Arash 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
In this study, we report a case of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) with cilioretinal artery sparing in a patient who presented with normal visual acuity and was treated with corticosteroids and tocilizumab. An 80-year-old male presented with restriction of his peripheral vision in the right eye along with fever, generalized headache, and jaw pain. His visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes (OU) with an afferent pupillary defect in the right eye. Dilated fundoscopy revealed whitening of the retina around the vascular arcades with sparing of the central macula in the right eye, indicating CRAO sparing the cilioretinal artery. Laboratory evaluation revealed elevated inflammatory markers. The patient was treated initially with a pulse dose of intravenous corticosteroids, followed by an oral steroid taper, and he underwent a temporal artery biopsy (TAB). At 1-week follow-up, the patient reported improvement in his right eye visual symptoms. The TAB results confirmed the diagnosis of GCA, and the patient’s oral steroid was tapered with the addition of subcutaneous tocilizumab. One month later, the patient’s inflammatory markers returned to normal, and the patient’s vision remained stable. We conclude from this case that GCA may present with normal visual acuity, it can affect the central retinal artery without posterior ciliary artery involvement, and the combination of corticosteroids and subcutaneous tocilizumab may be an adequate treatment regimen.
Carvacrol-loaded invasomes efficacy against multidrug resistant isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and housefly
Authors: Yehia Marwa , Gamal Amr , Abo El-Ela Fatma I. , Abdel-Baki Abdel-Azeem S , Ibrahium Samar M , Shokier Khaled AM , Al-Quraishy Saleh , Hassan Ahmed O , Abdelgelil Noha H , Aboelhadid Shawky 
Published: January 2024

The current study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of carvacrol-loaded invasomes (CLI) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae and its mechanical vector, the housefly. CLI were prepared and characterized in the laboratory. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Klebsiella oxytoca were among the MDR enterobacteriaceae stains investigated. These strains were first isolated and identified from naturally infected chickens. The antibacterial activity of CLI against the MDR isolates was evaluated using the diffusion method. In addition, the insecticidal activity of CLI against housefly larvae and pupae was tested. The MDR index of all evaluated isolates was greater than 20%, indicating that they were all multidrug-resistant. CLI decreased the growth of all isolates except S. Typhimurium and P. aeruginosa at a dose of 0.0125%; however, pure carvacrol inhibited the growth of only Klebsiella oxytoca. Furthermore, both CLI and pure carvacrol inhibited Klebsiella oxytoca growth at different concentrations. CLI inhibited E. coli and S. enteritidis at lower concentrations than pure carvacrol, even at a doubled concentration. Carvacrol and CLI caused significant larval mortality even at low concentrations, with LC50 reached at concentartions of 2.54 and 2.19 µl/ml, respectively. Furthermore, at a low concentration of 3.125 µl/ml, both elicited a high percentage inhibition rate (PIR) in pupae. In conclusion, CLI demonstrated substantial antibacterial action, particularly against MDR isolates, as well as pesticide activity against houseflies.
A Model for Detecting the Presence of Pesticide Residues in Edible Parts of Tomatoes, Cabbages, Carrots, and Green Pepper Vegetables
Authors: Evarist Nabaasa , Deborah Natumanya , Birungi Grace , Caroline Nakiguli Kiwanuka , Kule Baguma John Muhunga 
Published: January 2024

With increased resistant pests and low crop yields, farmers especially in sub-Saharan Africa have greatly embraced usage of chemicals. These chemicals include pesticides used in gardens for better yields and also in the stalls for longer shelf life by sellers of farm products especially fresh perishables like tomatoes, cabbages, carrots, and green pepper vegetables. This, if not checked, may expose humans and animals to pesticide residues. In this research, a model for detecting the presence of pesticide residues in edible parts of vegetables (tomatoes, cabbages, carrots, and green pepper) was developed. A dataset consisting of 1094 images of both contaminated and uncontaminated vegetables including tomatoes, cabbages, carrots, and green pepper with a scale magnification of 800 × 1276 pixels taken using InfiRay P2 pro Night Vision Go Mini Infrared Thermal camera with a thermal module was taken from different daily markets in Mbarara city, South Western Uganda. Image preprocessing was done by noise removal and grayscale conversion. Both the neural network and median filter were applied on the images. A python script was used to cluster the dataset based on chemical concentrations rates of 0.1–0.8 mg/kg, 0.9–1.3 mg/kg, and 1.4–1.7 mg/kg, and this was done for both training and testing dataset. Feature extraction was done to detect the presence of mancozeb, dioxacarb, and methidathion residues from the cleaned images. To test the developed model, convolutional neural networks transfer learning models, Inception V3, VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, and the scratch model were used. From the results obtained, Inception V3 achieved better performance compared to other transfer learning models with 96.77% followed by VGG16 at 86.98%, VGG19 at 87.56%, and ResNet50 at 82.11%, whereas the developed scratch model achieved 89.13% classification accuracy.

Received: 21 July 2023 | Revised: 15 November 2023 | Accepted: 10 January 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in vegetable chemical residue detection dataset at https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/vegetabledataset/mancozeb-and-other-chemical-residue.
Monitoring of the pharmacological treatment availability in patients with multiple sclerosis in the Greater Poland population
Authors: Daroszewski Przemyslaw , Kaczmarek Katarzyna , Huber Juliusz 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThere is no clear explanation for the availability of multiple sclerosis (MS) pharmacological treatment for patients in Greater Poland and it can be assumed that the same reason is common in most of the developed countries in the United Europe. As an autoimmune disease MS can overlap with other diseases especially rheumatic disease (RD) as well as some feature of RD may mimic MS, such as MS-like syndrome in the course of primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Therefore proper diagnosis and sufficient treatment of MS is important not only for neurologists but also for other clinicians including rheumatologists.
The study aims to provide insights that could help healthcare managers create more effective logistical guidelines to improve the timely initiation of pharmacological treatment for MS.Material and MethodsThe analysis of the treatment of MS patients has been conducted on a group of 500 patients who were under the management of one healthcare center in Greater Poland.ResultsThe results point to the different factors influencing the delay in the undertaking the pharmacological treatment, among others the age of the patient, waiting time for clinical evaluation and the final diagnosis from first symptoms to diagnosis, and the patient’s waiting time from diagnosis to referral for qualification for treatment.ConclusionsThe outcomes of this study have the potential to serve as a valuable resource for healthcare managers. The study’s findings could be used as a foundation for developing logistical guidelines aimed at enhancing the pharmacological treatment of MS patients.
Furthermore, the study suggests that the reasons behind treatment delays in MS patients might be prevalent in many countries across the United Europe region. However, it’s important to note that confirming this conclusion requires additional comparative studies.
The Struggle for Iran
Authors: Painter David S. , Brew Gregory 
Published: January 2024

Beginning with the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry in spring 1951 and ending with its reversal following the overthrow of Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddeq in August 1953, the Iranian oil crisis was a crucial turning point in the global Cold War. The nationalization challenged Great Britain's preeminence in the Middle East and threatened Western oil concessions everywhere. Fearing the loss of Iran and possibly the entire Middle East and its oil to communist control, the United States and Great Britain played a key role in the ouster of Mosaddeq, a constitutional nationalist opposed to communism and Western imperialism. US intervention helped entrench monarchical power, and the reversal of Iran's nationalization confirmed the dominance of Western corporations over the resources of the Global South for the next twenty years. Drawing on years of research in American, British, and Iranian sources, David S. Painter and Gregory Brew provide a concise and accessible account of Cold War competition, Anglo-American imperialism, covert intervention, the political economy of global oil, and Iran's struggle against autocratic government. The Struggle for Iran dispels myths and misconceptions that have hindered understanding this pivotal chapter in the history of the post–World War II world.
PERANCANGAN DESAIN ANTARMUKA APLIKASI PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE BERBASIS MOBILE MENGGUNAKAN METODE DESIGN THINKING
Authors: Hidayat Akik , Fauziyyah Hana Meilina 
Published: January 2024

<p class="Abstract">Aplikasi pembelajaran online sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat yang ingin belajar. Banyak aplikasi pembelajaran online yang tidak memperhatikan tampilan, sehingga banyak yang tidak tertarik dengan aplikasinya. Salah satu metode untuk membuat tampilan adalah menggunakan Design Thinking. Design thinking juga merupakan sebuah framework atau model cara berpikir kreatif untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang dihadapi dan berfokus pada pengguna. Terdapat 5 tahap yang memungkinkan untuk memperoleh keluaran yang inovatif.</p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em></strong><strong>— Pembelajaran <em>online</em>, desain antarmuka, <em>user experience</em></strong></p>
CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0: a global mosaic of regional, gridded, fossil, and biofuel CO2 emission inventories
Authors: Urraca Ruben , Janssens-Maenhout Greet , Álamos Nicolás , Berna-Peña Lucas , Crippa Monica , Darras Sabine , Dellaert Stijn , Denier van der Gon Hugo , Dowell Mark , Gobron Nadine , Granier Claire , Grassi Giacomo , Guevara Marc , Guizzardi Diego , Gurney Kevin , Huneeus Nicolás , Keita Sekou , Kuenen Jeroen , Lopez-Noreña Ana , Puliafito Enrique , Roest Geoffrey , Rossi Simone , Soulie Antonin , Visschedijk Antoon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Gridded bottom-up inventories of CO2 emissions are needed in global CO2 inversion schemes as priors to initialize transport models and as a complement to top-down estimates to identify the anthropogenic sources. Global inversions require gridded datasets almost in near-real time that are spatially and methodologically consistent at a global scale. This may result in a loss of more detailed information that can be assessed by using regional inventories because they are built with a greater level of detail including country-specific information and finer resolution data. With this aim, a global mosaic of regional, gridded CO2 emission inventories, hereafter referred to as CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0, has been built in the framework of the CoCO2 project. CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 provides gridded (0.1∘ × 0.1∘) monthly emissions fluxes of CO2 fossil fuel (CO2ff, long cycle) and CO2 biofuel (CO2bf, short cycle) for the years 2015–2018 disaggregated in seven sectors. The regional inventories integrated are CAMS-REG-GHG 5.1 (Europe), DACCIWA 2.0 (Africa), GEAA-AEI 3.0 (Argentina), INEMA 1.0 (Chile), REAS 3.2.1 (East, Southeast, and South Asia), and VULCAN 3.0 (USA). EDGAR 6.0, CAMS-GLOB-SHIP 3.1 and CAMS-GLOB-TEMPO 3.1 are used for gap-filling. CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 can be recommended as a global baseline emission inventory for 2015 which is regionally accepted as a reference, and as such we use the mosaic to inter-compare the most widely used global emission inventories: CAMS-GLOB-ANT 5.3, EDGAR 6.0, ODIAC v2020b, and CEDS v2020_04_24. CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 has the highest CO2ff (36.7 Gt) and CO2bf (5.9 Gt) emissions globally, particularly in the USA and Africa. Regional emissions generally have a higher seasonality representing better the local monthly profiles and are generally distributed over a higher number of pixels, due to the more detailed information available. All super-emitting pixels from regional inventories contain a power station (CoCO2 database), whereas several super-emitters from global inventories are likely incorrectly geolocated, which is likely because regional inventories provide large energy emitters as point sources including regional information on power plant locations. CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 is freely available at zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7092358; Urraca et al., 2023) and at the JRC Data Catalogue (https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset/6c8f9148-ce09-4dca-a4d5-422fb3682389, last access: 15 May 2023; Urraca Valle et al., 2023).
Czy eksperymenty myślowe są poważną metodą uprawiania filozofii? [polski oryginał]
Authors: Biłgorajski Piotr 
Published: January 2024

W artykule bronię praktyki stosowania eksperymentów myślowych przed zarzutem, że nie jest to poważny sposób filozoficznej argumentacji. Osią krytyki wymierzonej w eksperymenty myślowe jest założenie, że wytwory wyobraźni, ze względu na ich brak osadzenia w rzeczywistości, są z zasady niewiarygodne. Przyjmując istnienie analogii między eksperymentami myślowymi a eksperymentami rzeczywistymi, wskazuję na istnienie kryteriów wyznaczających ramy udanego eksperymentu myślowego.
Citogenética de pequenos mamíferos a partir da extração da medula óssea: uma descrição mais detalhada da técnica in vivo com ajustes
Authors: Bernardes Dias Ana Claudia , Fontoura Carolina Pereira , Gonçalves Pablo Rodrigues , Silva Carina Azevedo Oliveira , Mendonça Maria Andreia Corrêa , Hannibal Wellington 
Published: January 2024

A citogenética é uma ferramenta eficaz na identificação de espécies e resolução de problemas taxonômicos de pequenos mamíferos. Os protocolos in vivo são úteis devido ao seu baixo custo, mas apresentam divergência metodológica, precisando ser frequentemente ajustados. Neste estudo, apresentamos um método padronizado para a análise citogenética de pequenos mamíferos a partir da extração de medula óssea femoral, e demonstramos a importância dessa padronização em contraste com outras abordagens. Aplicamos a técnica de Ford e Hamerton (1956) com as seguintes atualizações: 1) adequação das quantidades e concentrações de soluções utilizadas (colchicina e solução hipotônica); 2) descrição detalhada das etapas; 3) utilização de centrífuga como método de separação; 4) adição de procedimento de montagem de lâminas, o qual melhora a visualização de metáfases. Seis protocolos citogenéticos que utilizam medula óssea foram comparados em etapas importantes da fase de preparação da amostra. Houve diferenças na concentração de soluções de colchicina entre todos os métodos. O tempo de ação da solução também variou (de 15 minutos a 6 horas). O tempo e a concentração das soluções de colchicina são etapas cruciais para a condensação dos cromossomos e geração de boas metáfases. Deste modo, destacamos que a metodologia apresentada em nosso estudo contribui com a padronização de um protocolo citogenético in vivo indicado para pequenos mamíferos, que possibilita o aproveitamento do material e redução no número de animais sacrificados para ajustes de metodologia, gerando amostras viáveis desde as primeiras tentativas.
Understanding insurance decisions: A review of risk management decision making, risk literacy, and racial/ethnic differences
Authors: Heckman Stuart 
Published: January 2024

The racial/ethnic wealth gap is a stunning feature of U.S. household finances. Although the causes of the gap are complex, it is important that researchers investigate disparities between racial/ethnic groups in household financial management areas. We posit that first understanding insurance decisions as a critical component of overall household financial management is an important avenue for further understanding factors that may perpetuate or reduce the racial wealth gap. Moreover, risk management, including the purchase and use of insurance products, is a key yet challenging area for household financial management. Therefore, this literature review focuses on research relevant to three main questions: 1)	How do consumers make risk management decisions? 2)	What key skills are required to make risk management decisions (with a focus on literacy and numeracy skills)? 3)	Do these skills vary between racial/ethnic groups? Regarding the first question, we find that consumers are prone to errors when making decisions involving risk, but research shows that decisions can be improved. Skilled Decision Theory (SDT) highlights that cognitive ability plays less of a central role in decision-making and that decision-making is more of an acquired skill. Consequently, learning comprehension and confidence play a crucial role in the decision-making process. In terms of the second question and the skills needed to make appropriate risk management decisions, the literature suggests that insurance literacy, not necessarily financial literacy, as well as numeracy skills are likely to be critical prerequisites to good insurance choices. In particular, the importance of statistical numeracy in decision-making cannot be overstated. Finally for our third question, our review indicates that there is a relatively limited number of available studies focusing on racial/ethnic differences in risk management decisions and skills. While some studies find differences between racial/ethnic groups in various measures of financial literacy, the findings are overall mixed and, therefore, inconclusive. Researchers should verify if there are, in fact, differences or if the differences are due to other factors that vary by racial/ethnic category.
Development And Validation of A Scale For Measuring Petro Retail Service Quality: A Bilateral Approach
Authors: Arvind Kumar Jain Santanu Purohit, 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Global retail fuel markets are being disrupted by a number of broad themes that are being highlighted by the emergence of alternative energy, new mobility models, and elevated customer expectations that are centered around convenience and personalization. Consumers express a need for individualized products and services that take into account each individual. Digital is becoming the norm in the new situation. The changing purchasing habits of customers are a result of technological advancements. As a result, factors affecting the consumer experience have also changed. The purpose of the study is to ascertain Petro Retail's service quality scale from an Indian standpoint.
Design /Methodology/ Approach: The study was conducted from October to December 2022 at fuel stations in Mumbai and Ranchi with face-to-face interviews with OMC officials at HQ and field levels. The primary data was collected through a Quantitative field studyanalysedlyzed using suitable statistical tools. Exploratory Sequential Mixed Method design ( Qual-Quan ) was followed for the study.
Findings and Originality: Technology advancements significantly impact consumers and industries and transform people's lifestyles and behaviour. Predictive analytics, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things are important components in developing customer-facing projects that result in the creation of service protocols for improved purchasing experiences.
Technology adoption in petroleum retail is dispersed, with IoT, automation, and AI/ML-based technological solutions being tested in isolated ways without a centralized understanding of the whole value chain. Utilizing assets more efficiently is the main goal of this type of technology adoption. Nevertheless, few applications have been explored to improve consumer purchasing behavior, such as identification and satisfaction. In the digital age, IoT is altering customer expectations and controlling the experience in India's petroleum retail industry from the viewpoints of both service providers and customers (a dyadic approach). Accordingly, the service quality has also evolved over a period of time. There is very limited work carried out on the Petro Retail service quality. The scale developed with the bilateral approach shall help academians and industry managers to understand the service quality in petro retail, and the “BISQUE” constract can be used for measuring the same. The study is one of its kind on the aspect of petro retail.