bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin-to-skin contact and early initiation of breast feeding in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study using MICS6, Bangladesh (2019) data
Authors: Al Fidah Md Fuad , Efa Syeda Sumaiya 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundTo curb neonatal deaths, practices such as skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and early initiation of breast feeding (EIBF) can play an important role. Despite being effective, globally only 48% of newborns receive EIBF, and SSC is practised at varying prevalence (1%–74%) among low-income and middle-income countries.ObjectivesThe objective of the current study was to estimate the level of SSC and EIBF practice in Bangladesh and examine factors associated with SSC and EIBF.MethodsThe cross-sectional study used data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Bangladesh (2019). Women of reproductive age with live birth during the last 2 years were included in the analysis (n=8854). A p<0.05 as considered statistically significant (significance level of α=0.05).ResultsThe prevalence of SSC and EIBF was 16.4% and 70.4%, respectively. Higher secondary or more level of education (AOR 1.43; 95% CI 1. 07 to 1.90; p=0.016), skilled birth attendant’s (SBA) assistance at birth (AOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.60 to 2.61; p<0.001) and receiving antenatal care (AOR 1.40; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.70; p<0.001) had higher odds of practising SSC. Having institutional delivery (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.43; p<0.001) and belonging to the richest category (AOR 0.78; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.94; p=0.008) had lower odds of practising EIBF. SSC and EIBF did not have a statistically significant association in the study.ConclusionThe prevalence of SSC in Bangladesh is quite low. However, EIBF prevalence can be considered as ‘good’. Targeted interventions such as antenatal care, and assistance by SBA during birth can help in promoting SSC. To promote EIBF practice, interventions should focus on institutes providing delivery support and the richer strata of the society.
COVID-19 infection and efficacy of vaccination in patients with rheumatic diseases during Omicron outbreak in South Korea: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kim Yun Kyu , Kim Ju Yeon , Jung Ji In , Park Jin Kyun , Lee Eun Young , Lee Eun-Bong , Park Jun Won 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate COVID-19 epidemiological data in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) during Omicron wave and to identify clinical factors associated with infection, including COVID-19 vaccination.MethodsThis prospective longitudinal study was performed between January and October 2022 in South Korea. Patients were classified into AIRD and non-AIRD groups according to their underlying diseases. COVID-19 status, date of confirmed infection and vaccination status were captured from the patient survey and national database. The COVID-19 incidence during the study period was examined and compared between the two groups. The effect of clinical factors on the infection rate was analysed in the AIRD group.ResultsA total of 1814 patients (1535 and 279 in the AIRD and non-AIRD groups, respectively) were analysed. During the study period, 857 COVID-19 cases were reported in 834 patients (46.0%). The infection rates in the AIRD and non-AIRD groups were comparable. In the AIRD group, older age (≥70 years) and glucocorticoid use were significantly associated with a lower rate of COVID-19 infection. The third booster vaccination significantly lowered the incidence of COVID-19 (adjusted HR 0.85 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.99)), and the prophylactic effect was more evident in patients aged <70 years (0.81 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.95), p value for interaction 0.036).ConclusionThe risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Omicron variant did not increase in patients with AIRDs. The third booster vaccination regimen decreased the infection rate in patients aged <70 years.
Bounded Degree Nonnegative Counting CSP
Authors: Cai Jin-Yi , Szabo Daniel P. 
Published: November 2023

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) encompass an enormous variety of computational problems. In particular, all partition functions from statistical physics, such as spin systems, are special cases of counting CSP (#CSP). We prove a complete complexity classification for every counting problem in #CSP with nonnegative valued constraint functions that is valid when every variable occurs a bounded number of times in all constraints. We show that, depending on the set of constraint functions ℱ, every problem in the complexity class #CSP(ℱ) defined by ℱ is
either
polynomial-time computable for all instances without the bounded occurrence restriction,
or
is #P-hard even when restricted to bounded degree input instances. The constant bound in the degree depends on ℱ. The dichotomy criterion on ℱ is decidable. As a second contribution, we prove a slightly modified but more streamlined decision procedure (from [
14
]) to test for the tractability of #CSP(ℱ). This procedure on an input ℱ tells us which case holds in the dichotomy for #CSP(ℱ). This more streamlined decision procedure enables us to fully classify a family of
directed
weighted graph homomorphism problems. This family contains both P-time tractable problems and #P-hard problems. To our best knowledge, this is the first family of such problems explicitly classified that are not
acyclic
, thereby the Lovász-goodness criterion of Dyer-Goldberg-Paterson [
24
] cannot be applied.
Algebraic Proof Theory for LE-logics
Authors: Greco Giuseppe , Jipsen Peter , Liang Fei , Palmigiano Alessandra , Tzimoulis Apostolos 
Published: November 2023

In this article, we extend the research programme in algebraic proof theory from axiomatic extensions of the full Lambek calculus to logics algebraically captured by certain varieties of normal lattice expansions (normal LE-logics). Specifically, we generalize the
residuated frames
in Reference [
34
] to arbitrary signatures of normal lattice expansions (LE). Such a generalization provides a valuable tool for proving important properties of LE-logics in full uniformity. We prove semantic cut elimination for the display calculi

\(\mathrm{D.LE}\)

associated with the basic normal LE-logics and their axiomatic extensions with analytic inductive axioms. We also prove the finite model property (FMP) for each such calculus

\(\mathrm{D.LE}\)

, as well as for its extensions with analytic structural rules satisfying certain additional properties.
Too Muslim to Be Homosexual or Too Homosexual to Be Muslim: Belonging Experiences of British Homosexual Muslims
Authors: Hlaimi Stephane , Littlewood Charlotte 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article shows that British homosexual Muslims face rejection and identity conflict between their homosexuality and their Muslimness. The opposition between Islam and homosexuality has created a feeling of exclusion, illustrating the assumed incompatibility between being Muslim and being homosexual. Homosexual Muslims face religiously motivated homophobia rooted in the heteronormative precepts of Islam. In parallel, they face Islamophobic attitudes in which Islam is now used as a form of civilisational opposition to the British values of tolerance and inclusion and the wider homosexual community see it as a threat to their very existence. Nevertheless, the results show that the hostility of Muslims toward homosexuality is evolving, and the heteronormative discourses are now coexisting with more neutral and even homo-friendly approaches. A new bicultural belonging among homosexual Muslims is being constructed to address individual strategies of managing both identities and is fostering new interpretations of acceptance of different sexualities within Islam.
When is a State’s ‘Hidden Agenda’ Proven? The Role of the Merabishvili’s Three-Legged Evidentiary Test in the Article 18 Strasbourg Case Law
Authors: Finnerty Joseph 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The increasingly litigated Article 18 echr aims at unmasking the ‘hidden agenda’ pursued by states that proclaim to be restricting human rights for legitimate reasons, but in fact do so for an ‘ulterior purpose’. These complaints generate complex evidentiary challenges. This article investigates the evidentiary regime of Article 18 since the delivery of the Grand Chamber Merabishvili v Georgia judgment in 2017. It shows that this regime is composed of a three-legged evidentiary test requiring: (1) that the Article 18 complaint is a fundamental aspect of the case, (2) the identification of an ‘ulterior purpose’, and (3) the predominance of this purpose in the state’s overall motivation. The article argues that this three-stage test is sui generis, despite borrowing elements from evidentiary regimes, both from other Convention provisions and externally, and that it lacks clarity and coherency: facilitating a higher standard of proof for the provision, which largely burdens applicants.
7. Health Care and Information Technology
Authors: Ingram David 
Published: November 2023

This chapter tells a story of seventy-five years of coevolution that has connected the practice of health care with the science and technology of information. It moves from experience of health care in the remote village life of my childhood to that in global village life today. It explores decades of transition onto a new landscape of disciplines, professions and services, played out within rapidly changing social, economic and political contexts. This transition has been described as turning the world of health care upside down, from an Industrial Age to an Information Age—the former grouped around service providers and the latter with a more patient-centred focus. Changing means and opportunities for preventing and combating disease have succeeded in saving lives and extending lifespans, albeit with increased years of ageing life often spent living with chronic and incurable conditions. The contributions of good nutrition, clean environment, shelter, sense of community and security to longer lifespan and healthier lifestyle, understood now in greater detail, give pause for thought about the balance, continuity and governance of health care services. Three contrasting commentaries on this era of change are introduced—from industry, science and social commentators of the times.
With the arrival of new measurement and computational methods, spanning from genome to physiome science and to population level informatics and now machine intelligence, the Information Age has pressured health services with continually changing challenges, characterized by what has been described as ‘wicked problems’, the nature of which is discussed. Wholly new industries, providing products and services for diagnosis and treatment, many of these increasingly offered directly to citizens, have grown in scope and scale. In an era when powerful new treatments have come with increased risk of harm to patients, ethical and legal aspects of care services and their governance frameworks have come under increasing public and regulatory scrutiny. The changing scenes of education, assessment of competence to practice, accountability for care services, clinical risk, patient safety and research, are introduced, all dependent on the quality of relevant sources of information. This kaleidoscopic image of change sets the scene for discussion of the increasingly centre stage focus on information policy.
Superior Capsular Reconstruction Combined With Lower Trapezius Tendon Transfer Improves the Biomechanics in Posterosuperior Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Lee Jun-Bum , Kholinne Erica , Ben Hui , So Sang-Pil , Alsaqri Hood , Koh Kyoung-Hwan , Jeon In-Ho 
Published: November 2023

Background: Surgical treatments for chronic posterosuperior massive rotator cuff tear (MRCT) are still controversial. Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR), which provides a static stabilizer to decrease superior humeral head translation, and lower trapezius tendon transfer (LTTT) with centralization of the humeral head, which prevents superior humeral head migration, are potential surgical options. To date, SCR combined with LTTT has not been fully investigated. Hypothesis: Restoration of static stabilizer and dynamic stabilizer together would effectively improve shoulder kinematics in posterosuperior MRCT. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A custom-made shoulder mechanics testing system was used to test 8 fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders. The testing conditions were as follows: (1) intact; (2) posterosuperior MRCT (supraspinatus and infraspinatus removed); (3) SCR using the fascia lata; (4) LTTT; and (5) SCR combined with LTTT. The total rotational range of motion (ROM), superior translation, anteroposterior translation, and peak subacromial contact pressure were evaluated at 0°, 30°, and 60° of shoulder abduction. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were performed. Results: The total rotational ROM, superior translation, anteroposterior translation, and peak subacromial contact pressure increased in posterosuperior MRCTs (all, P < .05). The rotational ROM, superior translation, anteroposterior translation, and peak subacromial contact pressure at 0° and 30° of shoulder abduction decreased in SCR (all, P < .05). However, there was no significant improvement in rotational ROM, superior translation, and peak subacromial contact pressure at 60° of shoulder abduction ( P > .05). LTTT resulted in a significant decrease in the superior translation, anteroposterior translation, and peak subacromial contact pressure at 0°, 30°, and 60° of shoulder abduction ( P < .05). SCR combined with LTTT restored the total rotational ROM, superior translation, anteroposterior translation, and peak subacromial contact pressure at 0°, 30°, and 60° of shoulder abduction (all, P < .05). Conclusion: In the cadaveric model, SCR combined with LTTT showed improved shoulder kinematics and contact pressures in the posterosuperior MRCT model compared with SCR or LTTT alone. Clinical Relevance: SCR combined with LTTT may be regarded as an alternative surgical procedure for posterosuperior MRCTs.
The Effect of Aspiration and Corticosteroid Injection After ACL Injury on Postoperative Infection Rate
Authors: Cantrell William A. , Cox Charles L. , Johnson Carrie , Obuchowski Nancy , Strnad Greg , Swinehart Dane , Yalcin Sercan , Spindler Kurt P. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Injecting bioactive substances into the knee is common in orthopaedic practice, and recently it has been shown to mitigate risk factors for posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Therefore, understanding the influence of these injections on postoperative infection rate is imperative. Hypothesis: Postinjury aspiration and corticosteroid injection (CSI) of the knee before anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) would not increase the risk of postoperative infection. Study Design: Cohort Study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: All patients between the ages of 10 and 65 years who underwent primary bone–patellar tendon–bone ACLR by 1 fellowship-trained sports medicine orthopaedic surgeon between January 1, 2011, and September 8, 2020, at 1 of 2 major academic centers were evaluated for inclusion. A total of 693 patients were included, with 273 patients receiving postinjury and preoperative aspiration and CSI. A postoperative infection was defined as a patient returning to the operating room for an intra-articular washout. The intervals—measured in days—between the CSI and ACLR and between ACLR and the final follow-up were recorded. To further evaluate the infection risk in each cohort (total cohort; aspiration and injection cohort; no aspiration and injection cohort), the upper 95% confidence bound for the infection risk was calculated for each cohort. Results: There were no postoperative infections in the 693 patients included in this study. The upper 95% confidence bounds were 0.4%, 1.1%, and 0.7% for the total cohort, the cohort that underwent aspiration and injection, and the cohort that did not, respectively. The median number of days between the surgical date and that of the aspiration and injection was 34 days, and the mean follow-up for the entire cohort was 337.4 days (95% CI, 307.6-367.3). Conclusion: Postinjury and preoperative aspiration and CSI is a safe intervention that can be used before ACLR. Future studies with larger sample sizes, longer patient follow-ups, and multiple surgeons would be helpful to both better understand infection risk and better identify the influence of CSI on preventing posttraumatic osteoarthritis.
Nonspecific Presentation of an Infected Aorto-Iliac Artery Stent Following Endovascular Revision and Stent Insertion
Authors: Ayyad Mohammed , Ayasa Laith A. , Shbaita Sara , Qozat Ahmad , Tessarek Jörg 
Published: November 2023

Over the last few decades, the use of covered stent grafts became increasingly popular; as it plays a pivotal role in the management of various atherosclerotic diseases that are rising in both incidence and prevalence. Subsequently, vascular stent infections, although rare, are becoming a well-recognized complication with possibly devastating consequences, owing to the difficulties associated with its diagnosis and treatment. This has prompted significant interest in the condition regarding its pathophysiology, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and the possible implementation of prophylactic measures. We herein present a case of a patient with an infected aortoiliac stent 4 weeks after endovascular revision with atherectomy and additional stent insertion. The patient initially developed nonspecific symptoms and later developed a life-threatening hemorrhage, which was urgently controlled using a percutaneously inserted covered stent at the infected site. Definitive treatment using extraanatomical bypass implantation and an explantation of the infected stents was performed with excellent clinical response.
Multi-Site Identification and Generalization of Clusters of Walking Behaviors in Individuals With Chronic Stroke and Neurotypical Controls
Authors: Sánchez Natalia , Schweighofer Nicolas , Mulroy Sara J. , Roemmich Ryan T. , Kesar Trisha M. , Torres-Oviedo Gelsy , Fisher Beth E. , Finley James M. , Winstein Carolee J. 
Published: November 2023

Background Walking patterns in stroke survivors are highly heterogeneous, which poses a challenge in systematizing treatment prescriptions for walking rehabilitation interventions. Objectives We used bilateral spatiotemporal and force data during walking to create a multi-site research sample to: (1) identify clusters of walking behaviors in people post-stroke and neurotypical controls and (2) determine the generalizability of these walking clusters across different research sites. We hypothesized that participants post-stroke will have different walking impairments resulting in different clusters of walking behaviors, which are also different from control participants. Methods We gathered data from 81 post-stroke participants across 4 research sites and collected data from 31 control participants. Using sparse K-means clustering, we identified walking clusters based on 17 spatiotemporal and force variables. We analyzed the biomechanical features within each cluster to characterize cluster-specific walking behaviors. We also assessed the generalizability of the clusters using a leave-one-out approach. Results We identified 4 stroke clusters: a fast and asymmetric cluster, a moderate speed and asymmetric cluster, a slow cluster with frontal plane force asymmetries, and a slow and symmetric cluster. We also identified a moderate speed and symmetric gait cluster composed of controls and participants post-stroke. The moderate speed and asymmetric stroke cluster did not generalize across sites. Conclusions Although post-stroke walking patterns are heterogenous, these patterns can be systematically classified into distinct clusters based on spatiotemporal and force data. Future interventions could target the key features that characterize each cluster to increase the efficacy of interventions to improve mobility in people post-stroke.
“Unhappy triad” of the trauma elbow in children: Diagnosis, classification, and mid-term outcomes
Authors: Langlais Tristan , Louis Emmanuelle , Badina Alina , Vialle Raphael , Pannier Stéphanie , Le Hanneur Malo , Fitoussi Franck 
Published: November 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology, physiopathology, and outcomes of elbow “unhappy triad” trauma in children, combining a posterior dislocation, a proximal radius fracture, and a third lesion (i.e. bony or capsuloligamentous injury). Methods: A retrospective bicentric study was conducted between 1999 and 2020. All skeletally immature children who presented to the emergency department and underwent surgery for a proximal radius injury were selected. Among this selection, only patients with two associated ipsilateral elbow injuries (i.e. posterior elbow dislocation and a bony and/or capsuloligamentous injury) were included. Active elbow ranges of motion, Mayo Elbow Performance Score and Quick-Disabilities Of The Arm, Shoulder And Hand scores and standard radiographs were recorded at last follow-up. Results: Twenty-one patients met the inclusion criteria (mean age at surgery = 11.4 years) among 737 selected. The “unhappy triad” diagnosis was made preoperatively in nine cases (bone lesion only), intraoperatively in nine cases, and postoperatively in one case. The third lesions were surgically treated when the lesion was a bony fracture or if the elbow remains unstable between 60° and 90° of flexion (i.e. capsuloligamentous injury). Twenty patients were reviewed (mean follow-up = 5.8 years). The complications and re-operations rates were of 10%. Conclusion: The “unhappy” triad of the child’s elbow is a rare injury, where the preoperative diagnosis is frequently missed and lead to 10% of complications and re-operations. Level of evidence: level III.
Ambulatory surgical management of most displaced tibial tubercle fractures in children is safe and efficient
Authors: Zukotynski Brian Kendrick , Brown Danielle , Hori Kellyn , Silva Mauricio 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the outcome of patients with displaced tibial tubercle fractures treated surgically who spent one or more nights in the hospital after surgery with that of patients treated in an ambulatory setting with no perioperative hospitalization. We hypothesized that tibial tubercle fractures have a low rate of complications and that most patients do well without an overnight hospital stay for observation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all pediatric tibial tubercle fractures treated operatively by a single surgeon over a 13.5-year period. Fractures treated in an inpatient setting, defined as at least one night of overnight hospitalization postoperatively, were compared with fractures treated in an ambulatory setting with no perioperative hospitalization. Results: Seventy-one fractures in 70 patients were analyzed. All fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with unicortical screws. Thirty-five fractures (49.3%) were fixed in an ambulatory setting, while 36 (50.7%) were inpatient. There were no significant differences between inpatient demographics (age, gender, body mass index, fracture type). Average operative time was significantly longer in the inpatient group compared with the ambulatory group (97.8 min versus 58.8 min, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between inpatient and ambulatory groups (25.0% versus 11.4%, p = 0.22). No cases of compartment syndrome were noted. Conclusion: Ambulatory surgical treatment of select tibial tubercle fractures with same-day discharge is safe and efficient. Not all patients with surgically treated tibial tubercle fractures need to stay overnight in the hospital.