bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the pulsed vacuum drying process of green walnut husk through temperature adaptive regulation
Authors: Ao Jingfang , Shen Heyu , Cai Yingying , Wang Jun , Xie Yongkang , Luo Anwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to optimize the temperature adaptive conditions of pulsed vacuum drying (PVD) for green walnut husk (GWH) to tackle the issues of severe environmental pollution and limited utilization of GWH. The results of the single‐factor experiment revealed that the optimal drying temperature for PVD of GWH was 65°C, with a pulsed ratio of 9 min: 3 min. The drying time decreased from 10.87 to 6.32 h with increasing drying temperature and from 8.83 to 6.23 kW·h/kg with increasing pulsed ratio. Energy consumption also decreased with shorter drying time and shorter vacuum time. Under this optimal variable temperature drying condition, GWH exhibited the highest total active substance content, with respective values of 9.43 mg/g for total triterpenes, 35.68 mg/g for flavonoids, 9.51 mg/g for polyphenols, and 9.55 mg/g for quinones. The experimental drying data of GWH were best fitted by a logarithmic model, with R2 values ranging from 0.9927 to 0.9943. Furthermore, the observed microstructure of GWH corresponded to the variations in total active substance content. This study provided valuable theoretical guidance for addressing environmental pollution associated with GWH and facilitating the industrialization and refinement of GWH drying processes.Practical ApplicationThere is a growing interest in harnessing the potential value of agricultural waste to transform low‐cost raw materials into high‐value products while mitigating environmental pollution. In this study, for the first time, the effects of variable temperature pulsed vacuum drying on the content of active substances, drying time, and energy consumption of green walnut husk (GWH) were investigated. The findings serve as a theoretical foundation for addressing environmental pollution issues associated with GWH and enabling the industrialization and precision drying of GWH.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing reveals immune microenvironment of small cell lung cancer‐associated malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Wang Shuyan , An Jing , Hu Xueru , Zeng Tingting , Li Ping , Qin Jiangyue , Shen Yongchun , Chen Mei , Wen Fuqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe used 10 × genomics single‐cell transcriptome sequencing technology to reveal the tumor immune microenvironment characteristics of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in a patient with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). A total of 8008 high‐quality cells were finally obtained for subsequent bioinformatic analysis, which were divided into 10 cell clusters further identified as B cells, T cells, myeloid cells, NK cells, and cancer cells. Such SCLC related genes as NOTCH1, MYC, TSC22D1, SOX4, BLNK, YBX3, VIM, CD8A, CD8B, and KLF6 were expressed in different degrees during differentiation of T and B cells. Different ligands and receptors between T, B and tumor cells almost interact through MHC II, IL‐16, galectin, and APP signaling pathway.
How to get the most out of phylogenetic imputation without abusing it
Authors: Molina‐Venegas Rafael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Phylogenies are viewed as potentially powerful resources to predict missing values in trait datasets, but they are often misused. Critically, many of the imputed values that completely or partially rely on phylogenetic information are trusted without convincingly demonstrating that the data meet the requirements for the predictions to be at least minimally valuable.

I discuss that phylogenetic signal, which is the mainstay of phylogenetic imputation, is often interpreted as ‘strong’ because the outcome of randomization tests has prevailed over the actual strength of the signal in determining whether it is strong or not. This circumstance has led many researchers to infer conclusions based on ‘strong’ signals that are actually way more labile than a phylogenetic random walk (i.e. Brownian motion).

Although trait evolutionary trajectories that nearly fit Brownian motion are typically considered as strongly conserved, the Brownian process is subject to high levels of stochasticity that may render spurious predictions under some circumstances. To my knowledge, very few studies (if any) that rely on phylogenetically imputed information have rigorously evaluated the expected accuracy of individual predictions, despite among‐lineage variability in prediction accuracy can be dramatic even for strongly conserved traits.

Here, I advocate for a Monte‐Carlo approach that is based on trait simulations to assess the prediction accuracy that is expected for each missing value in the traits of interest, which can be continuous or discrete. The framework is presented in a detailed step‐by‐step R tutorial that was conceived for non‐specialized researchers to identify highly likely spurious predictions without the need for advanced technical and statistical skills.

Although phylogenetic imputation has important limitations, I suggest that leveraging advances in our understanding of such hindrances and using the technique with caution and restraint will allow trait‐based research to progress further while sampling efforts continue replacing imputed data.
Including the invisible fraction in whole population studies: A guide to the genetic sampling of unhatched bird eggs
Authors: Morland Fay , Patel Selina , Santure Anna W. , Brekke Patricia , Hemmings Nicola 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Early embryo mortality has recently been proven to be a significant component of avian reproductive failure. Due to the difficulty in distinguishing eggs, which have suffered early embryo mortality from unfertilised eggs, this cause of reproductive failure has historically been underestimated and overlooked.

We describe methods for recognising and collecting early failed, unhatched eggs from wild bird populations, identifying and isolating embryonic material in unhatched eggs, and efficiently extracting DNA from those samples. We test these methods on unhatched hihi (Notiomystis cincta) eggs collected from the field, which have undergone postmortem incubation.

We obtained DNA yields from early‐stage embryos that are sufficient for a wide range of molecular techniques, including microsatellite genotyping for parentage analysis and sex‐typing. The type of tissue sample taken from the egg affected downstream DNA yields and microsatellite amplification rates. Species‐specific microsatellite markers had higher amplification success rates than cross‐species markers. We make key recommendations for each stage of the sampling and extraction process and suggest potential protocol improvements and modifications.

Genetic and possibly genomic analysis of embryos that die early in development has the potential to advance many fields. The methods described here will allow a more in‐depth exploration of the previously overlooked causes of early embryo mortality in wild populations of birds, including threatened species.
Phenotypic characterization of Indian mustard using agronomic and quality traits under semi‐arid climate
Authors: Singh Aditya Pratap , Majhi Timir , Das Dibakar , Dewanjee Sujaya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndian mustard is an important oilseed crop in India. The productivity of Indian mustard needs to be increased in marginal environments such as in arid and semi‐arid areas to boost production. For this, identification of promising genotypes with high yield and quality under arid and semi‐arid climate is required. In this study, 65 genotypes of Indian mustard were evaluated in Augmented Randomized Block Design in the Purulia district of West Bengal, a mustard growing zone characterized by red laterite soil and semi‐arid climate. Considerable variation was observed between the genotypes for most characters such as number of seeds per siliqua (coefficient of variation [CV] 7.39%), followed by days to first flowering (CV 6.9%) and total number of siliquae (CV 6.43%), respectively. However, variation was less for days to maturity and quality parameters. Strong positive correlations were observed between many traits such as number of branches and number of siliquae on branches (0.82), number of branches and siliquae per plant (0.73), number of branches and yield per plant (0.72), number of siliquae on branches and siliquae per plant (0.91), number of siliquae on branches and seed yield per plant (0.76). Relatively strong negative correlation was observed only between oil and glucosinolate content (−0.60). Most of the traits showed high heritability along with high genetic advance over mean. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis classified the genotypes into six clusters. Based on yield, its components, and other quality parameters, promising genotypes such as Pusa Mahak, Narendra Ageti Rai 4, and JM‐1 were identified. These genotypes may be targeted for further genetic improvement or be incorporated in breeding programmes for developing high‐yielding mustard varieties for arid and semi‐arid climate.
Age‐dependent changes in the gut microbiota and serum metabolome correlate with renal function and human aging
Authors: Sun Liang , Li Zhiming , Hu Caiyou , Ding Jiahong , Zhou Qi , Pang Guofang , Wu Zhu , Yang Ruiyue , Li Shenghui , Li Jian , Cai Jianping , Sun Yuzhe , Li Rui , Zhen Hefu , Sun Shuqin , Zhang Jianmin , Fang Mingyan , Chen Zhihua , Lv Yuan , Cao Qizhi , Sun Yanan , Gong Ranhui , Huang Zezhi , Duan Yong , Liu Hengshuo , Dong Jun , Li Junchun , Ruan Jie , Lu Haorong , He Benjin , Li Ninghu , Li Tao , Xue Wenbin , Li Yan , Shen Juan , Yang Fan , Zhao Cheng , Liang Qinghua , Zhang Mingrong , Chen Chen , Gong Huan , Hou Yong , Wang Jian , Zhang Ying , Yang Huanming , Zhu Shida , Xiao Liang , Jin Zhen , Guo Haiyun , Zhao Peng , Brix Susanne , Xu Xun , Jia Huijue , Kristiansen Karsten , Yang Ze , Nie Chao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman aging is invariably accompanied by a decline in renal function, a process potentially exacerbated by uremic toxins originating from gut microbes. Based on a registered household Chinese Guangxi longevity cohort (n = 151), we conducted comprehensive profiling of the gut microbiota and serum metabolome of individuals from 22 to 111 years of age and validated the findings in two independent East Asian aging cohorts (Japan aging cohort n = 330, Yunnan aging cohort n = 80), identifying unique age‐dependent differences in the microbiota and serum metabolome. We discovered that the influence of the gut microbiota on serum metabolites intensifies with advancing age. Furthermore, mediation analyses unveiled putative causal relationships between the gut microbiota (Escherichia coli, Odoribacter splanchnicus, and Desulfovibrio piger) and serum metabolite markers related to impaired renal function (p‐cresol, N‐phenylacetylglutamine, 2‐oxindole, and 4‐aminohippuric acid) and aging. The fecal microbiota transplantation experiment demonstrated that the feces of elderly individuals could influence markers related to impaired renal function in the serum. Our findings reveal novel links between age‐dependent alterations in the gut microbiota and serum metabolite markers of impaired renal function, providing novel insights into the effects of microbiota‐metabolite interplay on renal function and healthy aging.
Long‐term exposure from perinatal life to food‐grade TiO2 alters intestinal homeostasis and predisposes to food allergy in young mice
Authors: Issa Mohammad , Michaudel Chloé , Guinot Marine , Grauso‐Culetto Marta , Guillon Blanche , Lecardonnel Jérôme , Jouneau Luc , Chapuis Céline , Bernard Hervé , Hazebrouck Stephane , Castelli Florence , Fenaille François , Gaultier Eric , Rivière Gilles , Houdeau Eric , Adel‐Patient Karine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundFood allergy (FA) is an inappropriate immunological response to food proteins resulting from an impaired induction of oral tolerance. Various early environmental factors can affect the establishment of intestinal homeostasis, predisposing to FA in early life. In this context, we aimed to assess the effect of chronic perinatal exposure to food‐grade titanium dioxide (fg‐TiO2), a common food additive.MethodsDams were fed a control versus fg‐TiO2‐enriched diet from preconception to weaning, and their progeny received the same diet at weaning. A comprehensive analysis of baseline intestinal and systemic homeostasis was performed in offspring 1 week after weaning by assessing gut barrier maturation and microbiota composition, and local and systemic immune system and metabolome. The effect of fg‐TiO2 on the susceptibility of progeny to develop oral tolerance versus FA to cow's milk proteins (CMP) was performed starting at the same baseline time‐point, using established models. Sensitization to CMP was investigated by measuring β‐lactoglobulin and casein‐specific IgG1 and IgE antibodies, and elicitation of the allergic reaction by measuring mouse mast cell protease (mMCP1) in plasma collected after an oral food challenge.ResultsPerinatal exposure to fg‐TiO2 at realistic human doses led to an increased propensity to develop FA and an impaired induction of oral tolerance only in young males, which could be related to global baseline alterations in intestinal barrier, gut microbiota composition, local and systemic immunity, and metabolism.ConclusionsLong‐term perinatal exposure to fg‐TiO2 alters intestinal homeostasis establishment and predisposes to food allergy, with a clear gender effect.
Pharmacomechanical thrombectomy of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis is associated with a low incidence of post‐thrombotic syndrome and perioperative complications
Authors: Larkin Theresa A. , Deen Raeed , Amirnezami Taraneh , Shvartsbart Alisa , Villalba Laurencia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundIliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (IFDVT) is associated with an incidence of post‐thrombotic syndrome (PTS) of up to 50%. PTS is associated with high morbidity, impaired quality of life and a significant economic burden. The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of a single session pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT), dedicated venous stents and a risk mitigation protocol on the rate of PTS.MethodsBetween 2015 and 2022, patients presenting with acute or subacute IFDVT treated with the same protocol of single session PMT, dedicated venous stents, and risk‐mitigation measures were included. Procedural success rate, complications, stent patency and incidence of PTS were determined.ResultsOf 60 patients (58 ± 19 years; 65% male), the procedural success rate was 93%, with 7% of patients experiencing complications but no long‐term sequelae or mortality. Most (n = 52; 87%) patients were stented, including 46% across the inguinal ligament. At 3 months post‐procedure, primary, assisted primary and secondary stent patency rates were 89%, 93% and 98%, respectively, with no loss of patency or re‐interventions after that. At latest follow‐up of a median 48 months (n = 32), stent patency rate was 97%, with only three patients (9%) experiencing symptoms of PTS.ConclusionSingle session PMT, dedicated venous stents and a risk‐mitigation protocol results in high success rate, excellent long‐term stent patency and low incidence of PTS without compromising safety. These results support early intervention for iliofemoral DVT.
Identification of depression and anxiety during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of test accuracy
Authors: Rondung Elisabet , Massoudi Pamela , Nieminen Katri , Wickberg Birgitta , Peira Nathalie , Silverstein Rebecca , Moberg Klas , Lundqvist Martina , Grundberg Åke , Hultcrantz Monica 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionDepression and anxiety are significant contributors to maternal perinatal morbidity and a range of negative child outcomes. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to review and assess the diagnostic test accuracy of selected screening tools (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS], EPDS‐3A, Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ‐9]‐, PHQ‐2, Matthey Generic Mood Question [MGMQ], Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale [GAD‐7], GAD‐2, and the Whooley questions) used to identify women with antenatal depression or anxiety in Western countries.Material and methodsOn January 16, 2023, we searched 10 databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, CRD Database, Embase, Epistemonikos, International HTA Database, KSR Evidence, Ovid MEDLINE, PROSPERO and PsycINFO); the references of included studies were also screened. We included studies of any design that compared case‐identification with a relevant screening tool to the outcome of a diagnostic interview based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth or fifth edition (DSM‐IV or DSM‐5), or the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD‐10). Diagnoses of interest were major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. Two authors independently screened abstracts and full‐texts for relevance and evaluated the risk of bias using QUADAS‐2. Data extraction was performed by one person and checked by another team member for accuracy. For synthesis, a bivariate model was used. The certainty of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021236333.ResultsWe screened 8276 records for eligibility and included 16 original articles reporting on diagnostic test accuracy: 12 for the EPDS, one article each for the GAD‐2, MGMQ, PHQ‐9, PHQ‐2, and Whooley questions, and no articles for the EPDS‐3A or GAD‐7. Most of the studies had moderate to high risk of bias. Ten of the EPDS articles provided data for synthesis at cutoffs ≥10 to ≥14 for diagnosing major depressive disorder. Cutoff ≥10 gave the optimal combined sensitivity (0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75–0.90) and specificity (0.87, 95% CI: 0.79–0.92).ConclusionsFindings from the meta‐analysis suggest that the EPDS alone is not perfectly suitable for detection of major depressive disorder during pregnancy. Few studies have evaluated the other instruments, therefore, their usefulness for identification of women with depression and anxiety during pregnancy remains very uncertain. At present, case‐identification with any tool may best serve as a complement to a broader dialogue between healthcare professionals and their patients.
Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib for 16‐week extended induction and 52‐week maintenance therapy in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis
Authors: Panaccione Remo , Danese Silvio , Zhou Wen , Klaff Justin , Ilo Dapo , Yao Xuan , Levy Gweneth , Higgins Peter D. R. , Loftus Edward V. , Chen Su , Gonzalez Yuri Sanchez , Leonard Carolyn , Hébuterne Xavier , Lindsay James O. , Cao Qian , Nakase Hiroshi , Colombel Jean‐Frédéric , Vermeire Séverine 
Published: November 2023

SummaryBackgroundUpadacitinib is an oral, selective Janus kinase inhibitor.AimTo assess the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in patients with moderate‐to‐severe ulcerative colitis following 16‐week extended induction therapy, and 52‐week maintenance therapy in patients achieving clinical response after 16‐week extended induction therapyMethodsPatients without clinical response to 8 weeks' upadacitinib 45 mg once daily induction therapy in two induction trials were eligible for an additional 8 weeks of therapy. Patients achieving clinical response at Week 16 were subsequently re‐randomised (1:1) to upadacitinib 15 or 30 mg once daily for 52‐week maintenance therapy. Efficacy was assessed at induction Week 16 (integrated) and maintenance Week 52; safety was assessed throughout.ResultsOverall, 127/663 (19.2%) patients did not achieve clinical response to upadacitinib 45 mg at Week 8 and received an additional 8 weeks of therapy; 75/127 (59.1%) subsequently achieved clinical response at Week 16 and entered the maintenance trial. At Week 52, 26.5% of patients receiving upadacitinib 15 mg, and 43.6% receiving 30 mg, achieved clinical remission; efficacy was observed across all other endpoints with both doses. Herpes zoster rates increased with longer duration (16 weeks) of exposure to upadacitinib 45 mg during induction compared with the same population during the first 8 weeks. No other new safety signals were observed, and results are otherwise consistent with the known safety profile of upadacitinib.ConclusionsPatients without clinical response after 8 weeks' upadacitinib 45 mg induction therapy, may benefit from an additional 8 weeks of therapy.Clinical trial registration: NCT02819635; NCT03653026
A case of hepatitis‐associated aplastic anaemia following living‐donor liver transplantation for fulminant hepatitis showing loss of heterozygosity in the 6p chromosome in the affected liver
Authors: Katagiri Takamasa , Iwasaki Hiroka , Fujieda Atsushi , Kasashima Satomi , Ozaki Satoru , Uemori Mizuho , Ogawa Seishi , Nakao Shinji 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe mechanisms underlying hepatitis‐associated aplastic anaemia (HAAA) that occurs several weeks after the development of acute hepatitis are unknown. A 20‐year‐old male developed HAAA following living‐donor liver transplantation for fulminant hepatitis. The patient's leucocytes lacked HLA‐class I due to loss of heterozygosity in the short arm of chromosome 6p (6pLOH). Interestingly, the patient's liver cells resected during the transplantation also exhibited 6pLOH that affected the same HLA haplotype as the leucocytes, suggesting that CD8+ T cells recognizing antigens presented by specific HLA molecules on liver cells may have attacked the haematopoietic stem cells of the patient, leading to the HAAA development.
Efficiency or equality? The utilitarianism–egalitarianism trade‐off determines carbon allocation preference
Authors: Huang Lingling , Liu Li , Dang Jianning , Wei Cong , Miao Xiaoyan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInternational carbon allocation confronts the conflict between efficiency and equality. Previous research based on the intergroup bias perspective has attributed carbon allocation preference to the defence of ingroup interests (i.e., national interests) while overlooking the critical role of trade‐offs between competing moral values. Integrating the contingency theory of justice and moral philosophical theories of utilitarianism and egalitarianism, we proposed that the moral‐values trade‐off between utilitarianism and egalitarianism determines carbon allocation preference through justice reasoning. Analysis of large‐scale survey datasets (Study 1) revealed that aggregated national endorsement of utilitarianism over egalitarianism predicted greater efficiency preference in total and per capita carbon emission levels. Study 2 demonstrated that experimentally manipulating endorsement of utilitarianism versus egalitarianism boosted efficiency (vs. equality) preference in carbon allocation, and justice reasoning characterized by enhanced efficiency‐focused justice and diminished equality‐focused justice accounted for these effects. Using a ‘manipulation‐of‐mediator’ design, Study 3 further confirmed the causal link in the mediation model. By highlighting the significance of moral trade‐offs in shaping carbon allocation preference, this research not only provides a novel moral perspective in understanding debates on international carbon allocation but also has important implications for fostering international carbon abatement cooperation.