Kadar interleukin-17 plasma berkorelasi positif dengan kadar imunoglobulin M (IgM) anti phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) pada narakontak serumah pasien kusta tipe multibasiler
Authors: Indah Jayanthi Anak Agung , Mas Rusyati Luh Made , Dwi Puspawati Ni Made , Elis Indira I Gusti Ayu Agung , Darmaputra I Gusti Nyoman , Dwi Karmila I Gusti Ayu Agung 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Household contacts are the group most at risk of contracting subclinical leprosy, which acts as a transmission source. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) anti-Phenolic Glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) serological indicates the abundance of M. leprae in person and Interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels play an important role in preventing clinical leprosy. Thus, this study aims to determine the correlation of IL-17 to IgM-anti PGL-1 in household contacts of multibacillary type leprosy patients.
Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted from October to November 2022 at the Skin and Venereology Polyclinic and the Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Prof. Hospital. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar. Samples were selected using a consecutive sampling technique. The total sample was divided into groups of contacts and non-contacts. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23. The bivariate analysis used was chi-square, man-withney. Then a correlation analysis was performed using the Spearman rho test. The significant p-value was <0.05.
Results: The total number of samples obtained was 72. The mean levels of IL-17 and anti-PGL-1 IgM levels in the contact group were 45.47 ± 20.57 pg/ml and 605.59 ± 2,94.30 u/ml, while in the non-contact group were 31.46 ± 19.25 pg/ml and 140.46 ± 93.42 u/ml. There was a significant difference in IL-17 and anti-PGL-1 IgM levels in the contact and non-contact groups (p<0.001). Correlation analysis showed a weak positive relationship (r=0.290, p=0.014) between IL-17 levels and anti-PGL-1 IgM levels.
Conclusion: The levels of anti-PGL-1 and IL-17 IgM in contacts were higher than in non-contacts, with a significant difference. There was a significant weak positive correlation between levels of IL-17 and anti-PGL-1 IgM.

Pendahuluan: Narakontak serumah merupakan kelompok paling berisiko terjangkitnya kusta subklinis yang berperan sebagai sumber penularan. Pemeriksaan serologis Imunoglobulin M (IgM) anti Phenolic Glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) dapat menjadi indikasi banyaknya M. leprae dalam tubuh narakontak dan kadar Interleukin-17 (IL-17) berperan penting mencegah terjadinya kusta klinis. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui korelasi IL-17 terhadap IgM-anti PGL-1 pada narakontak serumah pasien kusta tipe multibasiler.
Metode: Studi ini merupakan observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Oktober - November 2022 di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin dan Laboratorium Patologi Klinik, RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Total sampel di bagi menjadi kelompok narakontak dan bukan narakontak. Data di analisis menggunakan SPSS 23. Analisis bivariat yang digunakan adalah chi-square, man-withney. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis korelasi menggunakan uji Spearman rho. Nilai p dikatakan signifikan jika <0.05.
Hasil: Total sampel yang diperoleh adalah 72. Rerata kadar IL-17 dan kadar IgM anti PGL-1 pada kelompok narakontak yaitu 45,47 ± 20,57 pg/ml dan 605,59 ± 294,30 u/ml sementara pada kelompok bukan narakontak yaitu 31,46 ± 19,25 pg/ml dan 140,46 ± 93,42 u/ml. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar IL-17 dan IgM anti PGL-1 pada kelompok narakontak dan bukan narakontak (p<0.001). Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan positif lemah nilai (r=0,290, p=0,014) antara kadar IL-17 dengan kadar IgM anti PGL-1.
Kesimpulan: Kadar IgM anti PGL-1 dan IL-17 pada narakontak lebih tinggi dari bukan narakontak dengan perbedaan yang signifikan. Terdapat korelasi positif lemah yang signifikan antar kadar IL-17 dan IgM anti PGL-1.