bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin‐37 ameliorates periodontitis development by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulating M1/M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Yang Liyan , Tao Wei , Xie Chen , Chen Qiuye , Zhao Yunshan , Zhang Li , Xiao Xu , Wang Shilu , Zheng Xu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveOur study was designed to explore the role of IL‐37 in M1/M2 macrophage polarization imbalance in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.BackgroundPeriodontitis is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease featured by gingival inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. Recent research has revealed that regulating macrophage polarization is a viable method to ameliorate periodontal inflammation. IL‐37 is an anti‐inflammatory cytokine, which has been reported to inhibit innate and adaptive immunity.MethodsFor in vitro experiment, mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with 0.1 ng/mL recombinant human IL‐37. M1 and M2 polarizations of RAW264.7 cells were induced by 100 ng/mL LPS and 20 ng/mL IL‐4, respectively. The expression of M1 (iNOS, TNF‐α, and IL‐6) and M2 (CD206, Arg1, and IL‐10) phenotype markers in RAW264.7 cells was detected by RT‐qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. For in vivo experiment, experimental periodontitis mouse models were established by sterile silk ligation (5–0) around the bilateral maxillary second molar of mice for 1 week. H&E staining of the maxillary alveolar bone was used to show the resorption of root cementum and dentin. Alveolar bone loss in mouse models was evaluated through micro‐CT analysis. The expression of iNOS and CD206 in gingival tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry staining. NLRP3 inflammasome activation was confirmed by western blotting.ResultsIL‐37 pretreatment reduced iNOS, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 expression in LPS‐treated RAW264.7 cells but increased CD206, Arg1, and IL‐10 in IL‐4‐treated RAW264.7 cells. LPS‐induced upregulation in NLRP3, GSDMD, cleaved‐IL‐1β, and cleaved‐caspase‐1 expression was antagonized by IL‐37 treatment. In addition, IL‐37 administration ameliorated the resorption of root cementum and dentin in periodontitis mouse models. IL‐37 prominently decreased iNOS+ cell population but increased CD206+ cell population in gingival tissues of periodontitis mice. The enhancement in NLRP3, GSDMD, cleaved‐IL‐1β, and cleaved‐caspase‐1 expression in the gingival tissues of periodontitis mice was offset by IL‐37 administration.ConclusionIL‐37 prevents the progression of periodontitis by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mediating M1/M2 macrophage polarization.
Condition‐dependent maternal sex allocation in horses can be demonstrated using a biologically relevant, multivariable condition measurement
Authors: Chin Y. Y. , Rogers C. W. , Gee E. K. , Stafford K. J. , Cameron E. Z. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMaternal condition is influenced by multiple variables that individuals experience at seasonal and local levels, and thus condition‐dependent sex allocation is likely also multifactorial. Here, we test the Trivers‐Willard Hypothesis (TWH) using a multivariable approach on a dataset of thoroughbred mare breeding records. There is no sex ratio variation when examined at univariable level, mirroring the usual approach to test condition‐dependent sex allocation. Conversely, the multivariate model shows multiple variables interact to influence the likelihood of producing a male. Mare and management variables that represent better body condition is associated with an increase in likelihood of a male offspring. The magnitude and direction of sex ratio skew correspond closely with predicted mare energy balance, consistent with TWH predictions. Our findings therefore support the TWH and show that, while sex allocation is multifactorial, maternal energy status emerges as the dominant driver. The additive and agonistic interactions of different variables demonstrate that a multifactorial approach should be a key consideration in sex allocation studies.
A new method to measure aquaporin‐facilitated membrane diffusion of hydrogen peroxide and cations in plant suspension cells
Authors: Ahmed Jahed , Ismail Ahmed , Ding Lei , Yool Andrea J. , Chaumont François 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlant aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate the membrane diffusion of water and small solutes, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and, possibly, cations, essential signalling molecules in many physiological processes. While the determination of the channel activity generally depends on heterologous expression of AQPs in Xenopus oocytes or yeast cells, we established a genetic tool to determine whether they facilitate the diffusion of H2O2 through the plasma membrane in living plant cells. We designed genetic constructs to co‐express the fluorescent H2O2 sensor HyPer and AQPs, with expression controlled by a heat shock‐inducible promoter in Nicotiana tabacum BY‐2 suspension cells. After induction of ZmPIP2;5 AQP expression, a HyPer signal was recorded when the cells were incubated with H2O2, suggesting that ZmPIP2;5 facilitates H2O2 transmembrane diffusion; in contrast, the ZmPIP2;5W85A mutated protein was inactive as a water or H2O2 channel. ZmPIP2;1, ZmPIP2;4 and AtPIP2;1 also facilitated H2O2 diffusion. Incubation with abscisic acid and the elicitor flg22 peptide induced the intracellular H2O2 accumulation in BY‐2 cells expressing ZmPIP2;5. We also monitored cation channel activity of ZmPIP2;5 using a novel fluorescent photo‐switchable Li+ sensor in BY‐2 cells. BY‐2 suspension cells engineered for inducible expression of AQPs as well as HyPer expression and the use of Li+ sensors constitute a powerful toolkit for evaluating the transport activity and the molecular determinants of PIPs in living plant cells.
Trajectories of fathers' childcare involvement and child behavioral outcomes
Authors: Dhungel Bibha , Kato Tsuguhiko , Gilmour Stuart , Kachi Yuko , Ochi Manami , Nagayoshi Mako , Takehara Kenji 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundFather's closeness and playful behavior influence a child's emotional and cognitive development. In this study, we aimed to assess the long‐term association of paternal involvement in childcare at 1–3 years of life on subsequent behavioral outcomes at 8 years of age.MethodsData were obtained from the 2010 cohort of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st century in Japan. We used group‐based trajectory modeling to predict the trajectory of total childcare scores in surveys 1, 2 and 3 to determine the overall involvement of fathers in childcare during early childhood. The level of fathers' involvement in childcare was categorized as “low”, “medium” and “high”. Responses from the eighth survey were used to assess child behavioral outcomes using five indicators when the child was 8 years old. Crude and adjusted logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) separately for each of the behavioral outcomes of the child.ResultsAmong the 17,027 father‐child dyads included in this study, two‐thirds of the fathers were of the age group 30–39 years. Compared to low involvement, children of fathers with high involvement in childcare during the early childhood years were less likely to not want to go to school even after adjusting for covariates (adjusted OR, 0.46; 95% CI: 0.32–0.66).ConclusionsChildren benefit from their fathers' involvement in early childcare activities. To improve a child's well‐being, fathers should be encouraged by providing them with a suitable working environment with flexible arrangements and the opportunity to involve in childcare.
The effect of donor graft type on survival after liver transplantation for hepatoblastoma in children
Authors: Ziogas Ioannis A. , Schmoke Nicholas , Yoeli Dor , Cullen J. Michael , Boster Julia M. , Wachs Michael E. , Adams Megan A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundLiver transplantation (LT) is the only potentially curative option for children with unresectable hepatoblastoma (HBL). Although post‐transplant outcomes have improved in the contemporary era, the impact of donor graft type on survival remains unclear.MethodsUsing the United Network for Organ Sharing database (02/2002–06/2021), demographics, clinical characteristics, and patient and graft survival were analyzed in children (<18 years) who underwent LT for HBL according to donor graft type. The Kaplan–Meier method, log‐rank tests, and Cox regression modeling were used to evaluate the effect of whole, partial, and split deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) and living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) on patient and graft survival.ResultsA total of 590 pediatric HBL LT recipients (344 whole graft DDLT; 62 partial graft DDLT; 139 split graft DDLT; 45 LDLT) were included. During 2012–2021 the proportion of LDLTs for HBL decreased to about 5% compared with about 11% during 2002–2011. No significant differences were identified by donor graft type in either patient survival (log‐rank test, p = .45) or graft survival (log‐rank test, p = .69). The results remained similar during the 2002–2011 era, while during the 2012–2021 era, split graft DDLT was associated with decreased graft loss risk versus whole graft DDLT (hazard ratio: 0.48, 95% confidence interval: 0.23–0.99, p = .046) without any other significant between‐group differences.ConclusionsUtilizing non‐whole liver grafts can increase access to LT in children with unresectable HBL while ensuring favorable outcomes. LDLT is underutilized in children with HBL in the United States, and efforts to explore LDLT options should be undertaken.
The Transformative Power of Social Movements
Authors: Heydari Fard Sahar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSocial movements possess transformative and progressive power. In this paper, I argue that how this is so, or even if this is so, depends on one's explanatory framework. I consider three such explanatory frameworks for social movements: methodological individualism, collectivism, and complexity theory. In evaluating the various appeals and weaknesses of these frameworks, I show that complexity theory is uniquely poised to capture the complex and dynamic reality of the social world.
Genome‐wide transcriptional responses to water deficit during seed development in Pisum sativum, focusing on sugar transport and metabolism
Authors: Morin Amélie , Porcheron Benoit , Kodjovi Gatepe Cedoine , Moumen Bouziane , Vriet Cécile , Maurousset Laurence , Lemoine Rémi , Pourtau Nathalie , Doidy Joan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAgriculture is particularly impacted by global changes, drought being a main limiting factor of crop production. Here, we focus on pea (Pisum sativum), a model legume cultivated for its seed nutritional value. A water deficit (WD) was applied during its early reproductive phase, harvesting plant organs at two key developmental stages, either at the embryonic or the seed‐filling stages. We combined phenotypic, physiological and transcriptome analyses to better understand the adaptive response to drought. First, we showed that apical growth arrest is a major phenotypic indicator of water stress. Sugar content was also greatly impacted, especially leaf fructose and starch contents. Our RNA‐seq analysis identified 2001 genes regulated by WD in leaf, 3684 genes in root and 2273 genes in embryonic seed, while only 80 genes were regulated during seed‐filling. Hence, a large transcriptional reprogramming occurred in response to WD in seeds during early embryonic stage, but no longer during the later stage of nutritional filling. Biological processes involved in transcriptional regulation, carbon transport and metabolism were greatly regulated by WD in both source and sink organs, as illustrated by the expression of genes encoding transcription factors, sugar transporters and enzymes of the starch synthesis pathway. We then looked at the transcriptomic changes during seed development, highlighting a transition from monosaccharide utilization at the embryonic stage to sucrose transport feeding the starch synthesis pathway at the seed‐filling stage. Altogether, our study presents an integrative picture of sugar transport and metabolism in response to drought and during seed development at a genome‐wide level.
Financing for loss and damage under the UNFCCC: Have we come full circle?
Authors: Siegele Linda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe journey taken by the Alliance of Small Island States in its quest to address the existential threat of man‐made climate—from its original 1991 proposal for funding arrangements (an insurance pool) to address loss and damage associated with sea‐level rise to the establishment at the Sharm el‐Sheikh Climate Conference in 2022 of funding arrangements and a fund for addressing loss and damage—has been a long, sometimes invisible and often arduous one. This article traces that journey from its origin to the road‐building exercise toward establishing institutional arrangements for loss and damage under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement and finally to the last step of establishing a loss and damage fund. Arriving at the final destination is just over the horizon.
Lightening the path to financial development: The power of electricity
Authors: Pan Lei , Dwumfour Richard Adjei , Kheng Veasna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of access to electricity on financial development. In doing so, we use a number of instrumental variables (IV) approaches. Using panel data for 38 countries in Sub‐Saharan Africa over the period 2000–2018, the results suggest that more people having access to electricity can promote financial development. In addition, mobile phone and commercial bank branches diffusion serve as potential channels through which access to electricity affects financial development. Our results are robust to sample‐splitting and different estimation techniques. The results have important implications for policies in overcoming barriers to electricity access.
Dynamics of mRNA fate during light stress and recovery: from transcription to stability and translation
Authors: Smith Aaron B. , Ganguly Diep R. , Moore Marten , Bowerman Andrew F. , Janapala Yoshika , Shirokikh Nikolay E. , Pogson Barry J. , Crisp Peter A. 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYTranscript stability is an important determinant of its abundance and, consequently, translational output. Transcript destabilisation can be rapid and is well suited for modulating the cellular response. However, it is unclear the extent to which RNA stability is altered under changing environmental conditions in plants. We previously hypothesised that recovery‐induced transcript destabilisation facilitated a phenomenon of rapid recovery gene downregulation (RRGD) in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) following light stress, based on mathematical calculations to account for ongoing transcription. Here, we test this hypothesis and investigate processes regulating transcript abundance and fate by quantifying changes in transcription, stability and translation before, during and after light stress. We adapt syringe infiltration to apply a transcriptional inhibitor to soil‐grown plants in combination with stress treatments. Compared with measurements in juvenile plants and cell culture, we find reduced stability across a range of transcripts encoding proteins involved in RNA binding and processing. We also observe light‐induced destabilisation of transcripts, followed by their stabilisation during recovery. We propose that this destabilisation facilitates RRGD, possibly in combination with transcriptional shut‐off that was confirmed for HSP101, ROF1 and GOLS1. We also show that translation remains highly dynamic over the course of light stress and recovery, with a bias towards transcript‐specific increases in ribosome association, independent of changes in total transcript abundance, after 30 min of light stress. Taken together, we provide evidence for the combinatorial regulation of transcription and stability that occurs to coordinate translation during light stress and recovery in Arabidopsis.
DcGST1, encoding a glutathione S‐transferase activated by DcMYB7, is the main contributor to anthocyanin pigmentation in purple carrot
Authors: Duan Ao‐Qi , Deng Yuan‐Jie , Tan Shan‐Shan , Liu Shan‐Shan , Liu Hui , Xu Zhi‐Sheng , Shu Sheng , Xiong Ai‐Sheng 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYThe color of purple carrot taproots mainly depends on the anthocyanins sequestered in the vacuoles. Glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs) are key enzymes involved in anthocyanin transport. However, the precise mechanism of anthocyanin transport from the cytosolic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the vacuoles in carrots remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the carrot genome, leading to the identification of a total of 41 DcGST genes. Among these, DcGST1 emerged as a prominent candidate, displaying a strong positive correlation with anthocyanin pigmentation in carrot taproots. It was highly expressed in the purple taproot tissues of purple carrot cultivars, while it was virtually inactive in the non‐purple taproot tissues of purple and non‐purple carrot cultivars. DcGST1, a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana TRANSPARENT TESTA 19 (TT19), belongs to the GSTF clade and plays a crucial role in anthocyanin transport. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we successfully knocked out DcGST1 in the solid purple carrot cultivar ‘Deep Purple’ (‘DPP’), resulting in carrots with orange taproots. Additionally, DcMYB7, an anthocyanin activator, binds to the DcGST1 promoter, activating its expression. Compared with the expression DcMYB7 alone, co‐expression of DcGST1 and DcMYB7 significantly increased anthocyanin accumulation in carrot calli. However, overexpression of DcGST1 in the two purple carrot cultivars did not change the anthocyanin accumulation pattern or significantly increase the anthocyanin content. These findings improve our understanding of anthocyanin transport mechanisms in plants, providing a molecular foundation for improving and enhancing carrot germplasm.
Impact of regular mowing, mowing height, and grass competition on tuber number and tuber size of yellow nutsedge clonal populations (Cyperus esculentus L.)
Authors: De Ryck Sander , Reheul Dirk , De Cauwer Benny 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCyperus esculentus, a perennial sedge, is one of the most dangerous weeds in agriculture because of its high multiplication potential, its high risk of tuber spread and its low sensitivity to control measures. To diminish the risk of C. esculentus spread and incursion into adjacent crops by creeping rhizomes, control measures should also focus on non‐cropped areas adjacent to these crop zones. Defoliation by mowing is an example of one of these control measures. The aim of this study was to identify the critical mowing interval and height required for preventing tuber formation and to assess the combined effect of mowing and competition exerted by the grassy vegetation on the growth and spread of C. esculentus in field margins. In two separate years we conducted an indoor container (11 L) experiment, under a worst‐case scenario, in which genetically distinct clones, grown alone or in combination with Lolium perenne, were subjected to season‐long mowing regimes that differed in mowing interval (1‐, 2‐, 4‐ and 8‐weeks) and/or mowing height (2 and 5 cm). Weekly and 2‐weekly mowing at 5 cm within an 18‐week period significantly reduced tuber production of C. esculentus grown with competition (up to 93% and 98% reduction in tuber number respectively) and without competition from L. perenne (both a 97% reduction), compared to the uncut control with and without competition respectively. Compared to a mowing height of 5 cm, a mowing height of 2 cm resulted in better control of C. esculentus, with tuber numbers up to 32% lower and 5–65% lighter. Twice‐weekly mowing at 2 cm height can be an effective strategy for containing or reducing C. esculentus patches in field margins.
Validation and Application of a Finned Tube Heat Exchanger Model for Rack-Level Cooling
Authors: Khalid R. , Youssef E. , Amalfi R. L. , Ortega A. , Wemhoff A. P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A thermosyphon-based modular cooling approach offers an energy efficient cooling solution with an increased potential for waste heat recovery. Central to the cooling system is an air-refrigerant finned tube heat exchanger (HX), where air is cooled by evaporating refrigerant. This work builds on a previously published two-dimensional (2D) model for the finned-tube HX by updating and validating the model using in-house experimental data collected from the proposed system using R1233zd(E) as the working fluid. The results show that key system variables such as refrigerant outlet quality, air and refrigerant outlet temperatures, and exchanger duty agree within 20% of their experimental counterparts. The validated model is then used to predict the mean heat transfer coefficient on the refrigerant side for each tube in the direction of airflow, indicating a maximum heat transfer coefficient of nearly 1200 W/(m2 K) for a HX duty of 5.3 kW among the tested cases. The validated model therefore enables accurate predictions of HX performance and provides insights into improving the heat exchange efficiency and the corresponding system performance.
Formation of Trachytes from Wangtian’e Volcanic Neck of the Changbaishan Area (Northeast China) as a Result of Tholeiitic Magma Crystal Fractionation
Authors: Andreeva O. A. , Andreeva I. A. , Usoltseva A. I. , Yarmolyuk V. V. , Kovalchuk E. V. , Averin A. A. , Ji J.-Q. , Zhou X. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tholeiitic basalts and trachytes of the bimodal association of Wangtian’e volcano are studied. It is shown that trachytes formed with the leading role of crystal fractionation of the parental tholeiitic magma. It has been identified from the melt inclusion study that hedenbergite and plagioclase phenocrysts of trachytes from Wangtian'e volcanic neck crystallized in the temperature range of 1080–1100 and 1050–1060°C, respectively. After heating experiments with melt inclusions in plagioclase of trachytes, in some cases relics of carbonates and CO2 were observed in the inclusions. The trachyte phenocrysts host water-bearing Fe-rich globules and CO2 inclusions with carbonate phases. The Fe-rich silicate globules are often intergrown with titanomagnetite and are covered by amorphous carbon films. A model is suggested explaining the formation of water-bearing Fe-rich globules and CO2 inclusions with carbonate relics as a result of silicate–silicate and silicate–carbonate liquid immiscibility, that was caused by the evolution of the parental basaltic melt. Upon the trachytic melt ascending to the surface, the ferrocarbonate liquid was decomposed on magnetite, carbon, and carbon dioxide.
The New Polytype Structures Pd8T3 (T = As, Sb)
Authors: Karimova O. V. , Mezhueva A. A. , Eremin N. N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The polytypic structure of Pd8T3 (T = As, Sb) compounds was revealed using the graph method. The topology of the layers and the regular sequence of their alternation are analyzed. The ordering of antimony and arsenic atoms by the positions at the nodes of layer-networks and the positional disorder in the sequence of alternating layers, which lead to the formation of different structural polytypes, are considered.