bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Length of hospital stays after caesarean section delivery and associated factors in Northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zewdie Segenet , Kefale Bereket , Yalew Melaku , Adane Bezawit , Kassa Assefa Andargie 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the length of hospital stay after caesarean delivery and the associated factors from 15 March to 15 May 2021.DesignWe conducted an institution-based, cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted at a government hospital in Northeast Ethiopia.ParticipantsThe study was conducted among 405 mothers who delivered by caesarean section. All mothers who delivered by caesarean section at the hospital during the study period and who consented to participate were included in the study.Primary and secondary outcomeThe primary outcome of this study was length of hospital stay following caesarean section delivery. The secondary outcomes were factors associated with length of hospital stay.ResultsThe overall mean length of hospital stay after caesarean delivery was 2.81 (±1.72) days. Gestational age at birth less than 38 weeks (B=0.547), being hypertensive (B=1.235) and having postoperative complications (B=0.909) were significantly associated with length of hospital stay following caesarean delivery at a 0.05 level of significance.ConclusionIn this study, the mean length of hospital stay following caesarean delivery was 2.8 days. Women with hypertension, gestational age at birth less than 38 weeks and postoperative complications have prolonged length of hospital stay. Healthcare professionals should identify those mothers at risk of prolonged length of hospital stay following caesarean delivery and implement preventive strategies to reduce the clinical as well as economic burden posed by prolonged length of hospital stay. Moreover, researchers should conduct further multicentre longitudinal follow-up studies.
Health workers’ conceptualisationand experiences of common mental symptoms and work-related psychosocial stressors in Central and Southern Ethiopian regions: a qualitative study
Authors: Habtu Yitagesu , Kumie Abera , Selamu Medhin , Harada Hidenori , Girma Eshetu 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesDespite the growing recognition of mental health challenges among health workers, limited information regarding their self-identification of common mental symptoms (CMSs) and their perceptions of causal pathways to work-related psychosocial stressors exists. This study aimed to explore how health workers recognise CMSs, perceive their exposure to work-related psychosocial stressors, conceptualise causal pathways, evaluate the impact of these stressors on the professional quality of life (PQoL), employ coping strategies and encounter barriers to mitigating stressors and seeking support.Design and settingsOur study employed an interpretive and descriptive phenomenological approach, informed by theoretical frameworks. We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) with purposely selected health workers between January and February 2023. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and translated into English. Data was processed and analysed using MAXQDA 2020 software, with thematic findings supported by illustrative participants’ quotations.ParticipantsThe study included 34 health workers who participated in 10 IDIs and three FGDs.ResultsFive themes emerged from the study, guided by combined theoretical frameworks: (1) conceptualisation of occupational stress, anxiety and depression symptoms; (2) exposure to work-related stressors; (3) perceived impact of work-related stressors on PQoL; (4) experiences with coping strategies; and (5) barriers to mitigating stressors and seeking support. Accordingly, our findings revealed a low self-identification with CMSs (SICMSs), an increased perception to link work-related stressors with CMSs and their negative impact on PQoL, limited use of adaptive coping strategies and the presence of multiple barriers to effective coping and support-seeking practices among health workers across the respective themes.ConclusionsThe findings of this study highlight the need for targeted interventions, including updated training on CMSs, addressing resource-related stressors, improving workplace communication and conflict resolution, enacting policy reforms to ensure equitable compensation and promoting adaptive coping strategies to enhance health workers’ mental well-being and their PQoL. Furthermore, we advocate for a more robust exploration of the perceived causal link supported by lived experiences of health workers with chronic occupational stress, occupational depression and occupational anxiety to provide stronger evidence using longitudinal qualitative and quantitative studies.
Efficacy and safety of balneotherapy in rheumatology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aribi Ikram , Nourredine Mikail , Giroudon Caroline , Massy Emmanuel , Lega Jean-Christophe , Kassai Behrouz , Grenet Guillaume 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThe efficacy of balneotherapy in rheumatology remains unclear. We aimed to estimate its benefits and risks in rheumatology.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of randomised trials assessing any European balneotherapy for a rheumatological indication in adults versus any control, on clinical outcomes. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase andhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/(up to 28 November 2023). We used the Cochrane risk of bias tool version 2, funnel plot and asymmetry tests. We used a random effects model with an inverse-variance weighting method for standardised mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR). We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach for two primary outcomes, pain and quality of life (QoL) at 3 months, and two safety outcomes, withdrawal and any adverse event (AE).ResultsWe included 29 trials in mechanical disorders, 9 in inflammatory diseases and 4 in fibromyalgia. The synthesis suggested a decrease in pain of a very low level of certainty (SMD: −0.72 (95% CI (−1.00; −0.44)), very serious risk of bias and of inconsistency, publication bias strongly suspected); an increase in QoL of a very low level of certainty (SMD: 0.56 (95% CI (0.37; 0.75)), very serious risk of bias and serious risk of inconsistency); inconclusive results regarding the risk of withdrawal (RR: 0.75 (95% CI (0.46; 1.20)), very serious risk of bias and serious risk of imprecision) and of AE (RR: 0.80 (95% CI (0.43; 1.50)), serious risk of bias and of inconsistency and very serious risk of imprecision).ConclusionThe certainty of the effect of balneotherapy in rheumatology was very low.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023448206.
Catheterization complications of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma
Authors: Schreiber Craig , Kocharian Gary , Kharas Natasha , Knopman Jared , Francis Jasmine H , Abramson David H , Gobin Y Pierre 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundIntra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is a growing method of therapy for retinoblastoma (Rb). There is an absence of data to support the safety of catheterization with intra-arterial infusion in this pediatric populationObjectiveTo focus on the non-ocular catheter/procedural-related complications that our practice has experienced in order to lay a foundation for practices interested in performing these procedures and hopefully, to help prevent them from occurring.MethodsThis is a retrospective review of the patient population with Rb treated in our center from May 2006 through May 2024. Every procedure performed was reviewed for non-ocular catheterization-related complications. This review included complications of access, the distal vessel (thrombosis, stenosis, and dissection), and non-ocular infarcts.ResultsThere were 2281 vascular access events, and 2681 distal catheterization procedures were performed for IAC infusion on 623 pediatric patients with Rb. Mean age of the population was 18.9 months. There were 31 complications directly related to catheterization: 7 (0.3%) related to femoral artery access and 24 (0.9%) were distal vessel injuries. Two (0.07% of total catheterizations) of the distal vessel injuries were asymptomatic cerebral infarcts diagnosed on follow-up MRI.ConclusionCatheterization with IAC can be performed safely in this young pediatric population. There is a trend for fewer complications when using the smallest catheter system possible for procedures.
Hydroxychloroquine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: how much is enough?
Authors: Ruiz-Irastorza Guillermo , Paredes-Ruiz Diana , Arizpe Fernando , Campos-Rodriguez Valerio , Moreno-Torres Victor , Amo Laura , Ruiz-Arruza Ioana , Martin-Iglesias Daniel 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo assess the daily and weight-adjusted dosages of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and the effects on long-term remission in the Lupus-Cruces cohort.MethodsObservational study of routine clinical care data. We selected inception patients treated with HCQ with at least 5 years of follow-up. Prolonged remission was achieved when patients fulfilled deﬁnitions of remission in systemic lupus erythematosus remission criteria in five consecutive yearly visits. The associations between the weight-adjusted dose of HCQ during 5 years and prolonged remission were analysed. We also investigated the associations between prednisone doses, immunosuppressives (IS) and other antimalarial use with HCQ doses.Results150 inception patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean starting dose of HCQ was 206 mg/day. The mean weight-adjusted starting dose of HCQ was 3.1 mg/kg/day with no patients treated with doses ≥5 mg/kg/day. Treatment with HCQ was maintained during the whole 5-year follow-up time in 147 patients (98%). The mean dose of HCQ during the 5-year follow-up was 194.6 mg/day (2.9 mg/kg/day). 108 patients (72%) were in prolonged remission. The mean weight-adjusted dose of HCQ per patient did not differ between those who did and did not achieve prolonged remission (2.9 vs 3 mg/kg/day, p=0.5). The dose of prednisone per patient (mean 2.3 mg/day during the 5-year follow-up) did not differ according to the weight-adjusted dose of HCQ. The mean weight-adjusted HCQ dose during the whole follow-up was the same in patients treated or not with IS or with mepacrine.ConclusionsWith the use of HCQ at stable doses of 200 mg/day (or 3.0–3.5 mg/kg/day) as the background therapy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, the majority of patients achieved prolonged remission.
Development and evaluation of a Register-Based Organ Damage Index in systemic lupus erythematosus: a nationwide, population-based study from Sweden
Authors: Gomez Alvaro , Parodis Ioannis , Saleh Muna , Simard Julia F , Sjöwall Christopher , Arkema Elizabeth V 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo develop a Register-Based Organ Damage Index (RBODI) in SLE, and evaluate its accuracy in estimating Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) Damage Index (SDI) scores. Additionally, to describe organ damage accrual and associations with mortality in a Swedish population-based nationwide cohort.MethodsSDI items were translated into diagnosis, treatment and procedural codes retrieved from Swedish health registers. RBODI was calculated using the same rules as the SDI and its accuracy was evaluated using SDI data from theClinical Lupus Register in North-Eastern Gothiacohort as the gold standard. Among newly diagnosed patients with SLE from Sweden (2005–2021), we estimated 5-year risks of organ damage, and adjusted HRs of first RBODI-based organ damage accrual associated with patient characteristics. Lastly, we estimated the association between RBODI-based organ damage within 5 years of diagnosis and mortality.ResultsThe evaluation cohort included 271 prevalent cases (65.3% developed organ damage). RBODI had a positive predictive value of 90%, sensitivity 80% and specificity 83%. Among 4441 newly diagnosed patients with SLE, 40% developed organ damage within 5 years. Males had a 30% higher risk of developing damage compared with females (HR 1.3) and older individuals (>45 years old compared with younger) had more than threefold higher risk (HR 3.3). Early development of organ damage was associated with a 2.1-fold higher risk of mortality.ConclusionOur novel RBODI accurately estimates SDI scores and describes long-term trends in damage accrual in the largest cohort of incident SLE to date. The strong association between early damage accrual and mortality highlights the need for efficient prevention strategies.
Association of peripheral CD8+T cell activation with disease activity and treatment resistance in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Fujita Yuya , Nakayamada Shingo , Kubo Satoshi , Miyazaki Yusuke , Sonomoto Koshiro , Tanaka Hiroaki , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveVarious immune-cell subsets intricately mediate the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the role of CD8+T cells in SLE remains unclear. We investigated the proportions and characteristics of peripheral CD8+T cells and their association with clinical manifestations of SLE.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 211 patients with SLE and 48 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Peripheral CD8+T cells were analysed using flow cytometry. The primary endpoint was the comparison of peripheral CD8+T cell subset characteristics between patients and HCs.ResultsPatients with SLE (mean age, 42.3 years; women, 89% and mean disease duration, 112.8 months) had significantly higher proportions of naïve CD8+T cells (CCR7+CD45RA+), CD8+terminally differentiated effector memory cells (CCR7−CD45RA+) and activated CD8+T cells (CD38+HLA-DR+) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells than HCs (p<0.001). Activated CD8+T cells produced granzyme B and interferon-γ, which correlated with serum double-stranded (ds) DNA antibodies (rs=0.3146, p<0.0001) and 50% haemolytic unit of complement (rs=−0.3215, p=0.0003), and were significantly increased in patients with active systemic, renal or haematological involvement (p<0.05). Cluster analysis-based subgroup classification based on CD8 cell differentiation and activation revealed a group with high numbers of activated CD8+T cells, highly active SLE and organ damage, including active nephritis and persistently high cell counts after a 24-week treatment, indicating treatment resistance (high anti-dsDNA antibody titres and high glucocorticoid doses).ConclusionIn SLE, greater proportions of highly cytotoxic and proinflammatory activated CD8+T cells in peripheral blood-modulated disease activity, organ damage and residual treatment resistance, presenting a potential treatment target.
Stability of the constant states in the augmented Born–Infeld system
Authors: Anjolras Philippe 
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we consider the Born–Infeld system, arising as a nonlinear model of electromagnetism, and its extension introduced by Brenier [Hydrodynamic structure of the augmented Born–Infeld equations, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 172(1) (2004) 65–91] the so-called “augmented Born–Infeld system”. We show that this system enjoys a non-resonance structure and prove global existence and linear asymptotic behavior of small (admissible) perturbations of arbitrary constant states.
A methodology for enhancing the accessibility of scientific museum’s collections (SCAMP)
Authors: Grillo Remo , Morelli Caterina , Rubano Vincenzo , Vitali Fabio 
Published: February 2025

Museums are full of beautiful objects with high historical value. Sometimes such objects are static in their nature (e.g., statues), but often they are interactive (e.g., tools or manipulable artifacts). Very often they are accompanied by the classic sign “do not touch, just watch” or are enclosed in glass cases, hindering the full experience of their intended use. Due to high restoration and preservation costs, some of these artifacts are also relegated to storage, limiting access to the public.
This poses a dual accessibility issue: the general public cannot interact with these objects as originally intended, and blind or visually impaired individuals must rely solely on textual descriptions or audio guides. Additionally, certain artifacts still hold significant societal value if they could be interactively experienced again.
To address this, we propose the SCAMP (Scientific Collections Accessibility Making Process) methodology. By leveraging 3D printing and digital technologies, SCAMP is a robust, generic framework to “make accessible again” interactive museum objects. It creates accurate replicas and a multimodal experience centered around the recreated artifacts. Specific guidelines ensure that the replica and the interactive user experience maintain fidelity to the original objects, enhancing (rather than altering) their characteristics. Unlike many single-case discussions in the literature, SCAMP focuses on a scalable, theoretical basis that can be applied to similar artifacts. Beyond accurately reproducing shapes and colors, SCAMP also emphasizes tactile fidelity, conveying sensations close to those provided by the original item.
By applying the SCAMP methodology, interactive objects of high historical value can be made accessible to everyone—both the general public and individuals who are blind or visually impaired. Accessibility in SCAMP is essentially about ensuring an inclusive user experience for the interactive content, for which specific design rules are provided. We demonstrate SCAMP through two Brendel Models from the University of Bologna, concluding with user testing. While there is room for improvement, results show that SCAMP successfully meets its accessibility and fidelity goals, with users expressing enthusiasm for the final outcome.
Study the Effect of Intraperitoneal Dexamethasone, Dexmedetomidine, and Their Combination on PONV After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Triple‐Blind Trial
Authors: Bauiomy Hany , Kohaf Neveen A. , Saad Mohammed , Rashed Zaky Ftouh , Abosakaya Ahmed M. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are major adverse consequences following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Several drugs have been used to combat its occurrence.Objective: This study aimed to show the efficacy of the intraperitoneal route and compare different antiemetic effects of dexamethasone, dexmedetomidine, and their combination on PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia in a tertiary care hospital.Design: Prospective randomized triple‐blind study.Setting: The trial was conducted at Benha University Hospitals. The trial was done from August 2023 to April 2024.Patients: Two hundred and forty patients aged 20–50 years, Apfel Score 1, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status Classification I or II who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Exclusion criteria were a history of psychotic illnesses, Parkinson’s disease, motion disorder, and a history of chemotherapy.Interventions: Patients were randomized equally into four groups. Group I (control group) received 20 mL normal saline, Group II (dexamethasone group) received 8 mg dexamethasone, Group III (dexmedetomidine group) received dexmedetomidine 1mic/kg, and Group IV (combination group) received the combination of both dexamethasone (8 mg) + dexmedetomidine (1mic/kg). The medications were diluted in 20 mL normal saline.Main Outcome Measures: The incidence of PONV encountered by patients in the first 24 h following surgery was recorded.Results: Nausea was reported in 26 (43.33%), 10 (16.67%), 11 (18.33%), and 6 (10%) in Groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Vomiting was observed in 25 (41.67%), 11 (18.33%), 10 (16.67%), and five (8.33%) in Groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Antiemetic medication was required for 24 (40%), 11 (18.33%), 12 (20%), and eight (13.33%) in Groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Nausea, vomiting, and antiemetics requirements differed significantly among the four groups (p value < 0.05).Conclusions: Intraperitoneal administration of dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine either alone or in combination decreased the incidence of PONV among patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05988671
Safety of Early Mobilization in Adult Neurocritical Patients: An Exploratory Review
Authors: Arzayus-Patiño Leonardo , Estela-Zape José Luis , Sanclemente-Cardoza Valeria 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Early mobilization has shown significant benefits in the rehabilitation of critically ill patients, including improved muscle strength, prevention of physical deconditioning, and reduced hospital length of stay. However, its safety in neurocritical patients, such as those with strokes, traumatic brain injuries, and postsurgical brain surgeries, remains uncertain. This study aims to map and examine the available evidence on the safety of early mobilization in adult neurocritical patients.Methods: A scoping review was conducted following PRISMA‐SCR guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. The research question focused on the safety of early mobilization in neurocritical patients, considering adverse events, neurological changes, hemodynamic changes, and respiratory changes. A comprehensive search was performed in databases such as PubMed, BVS–LILACS, Ovid MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect, using specific search strategies. The selected studies were assessed for methodological quality using JBI tools.Results: Of 1310 identified articles, 25 were included in the review. These studies comprised randomized controlled trials, prospective observational studies, retrospective studies, and pre‐ and postimplementation intervention studies. The review found that early mobilization in neurocritical patients is generally safe, with a low incidence of severe adverse events, and does not increase the risk of vasospasm, and most complications were manageable with protocol adjustments and continuous monitoring.Conclusion: Early mobilization in neurocritical patients has been shown to be potentially safe under specific conditions, without a significant increase in severe complications when properly monitored. However, the available evidence is limited by the heterogeneity of protocols and study designs, emphasizing the need for further research. The importance of tailoring mobilization protocols to each patient and ensuring continuous monitoring is highlighted. Additional studies with larger sample sizes are needed to fully understand the associated risks and optimize mobilization strategies.