bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Lifetime Testing of SiC CMOS Electronics at 500°C
Authors: Andarawis Emad , Chen Cheng-Po (Paul) , Popp Jeremy , Yin Liang , Shaddock David 
Published: November 2023

Silicon Carbide (SiC) CMOS electronics is a promising approach for realizing high level of integration, especially for implementing digital functions, while significantly reducing the power dissipation on chip compared to NMOS-only, or JFET approaches. Gate oxide in MOSFET-based electronics pose a potential reliability challenge for operating at extreme temperatures. GE has previously developed gate oxide reliability models that predicted reliable operation at 500°C, but experimental validation had not been conducted previously. Recent testing results of testing of 500°C operation of SiC CMOS based integrated circuit over 60 days of continuous operation are presented. The results show the gate oxide surviving extended operating time of both NMOS and PMOS devices at 500°C. and thereby enabling a roadmap towards realizing more complex digital function at extreme temperature >=500°C.
AlScN-on-SiC Diaphragm Multimode Micromechanical Resonators for High-Temperature Sensing Applications
Authors: Sui Wen , Wang Haoran , Lee Jaesung , Qamar Afzaal , Rais-Zadeh Mina , Feng Philip X.-L. 
Published: November 2023

We demonstrate circular diaphragm multimode micromechanical resonators made of heterostructure thin film of aluminum scandium nitride (AlScN) sputtered on cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC). We systematically characterize the multimode resonators from room temperature up to 600ºC high-temperature environment. We observe clear consistency in resonances measured in heating up and cooling down processes, validating that the AlScN/SiC diaphragm resonators can operate robustly in high-temperature environment up to 600°C without observable degradation. Raman spectroscopy results indicate that the turning points of the peak positions of the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon modes of both 3C-SiC and AlScN occur in almost the same temperature region where the turning point of temperature coefficient of resonance frequency (TCf) is observed. We calibrate the device temperature by measuring Raman peak of the silicon (Si) substrate of the chip, yielding a crystal lattice temperature of 410ºC at the heater setting temperature being 600ºC. The heating efficiency can be improved by clamping the chip using a clip or jig with lower thermal conductivity.
Giant cell tumour of Hand-a rare case report
Authors: Gomes Nihal , Mathur Ashwani K , Berwal Ayush 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Giant cell tumours (GCBs) are locally aggressive osteolytic benign tumours characterized by multinucleated giant cells. Recurrence rates are high after curettage and less after resection. However, reconstruction of the middle finger with large bone gaps is difficult.

Case presentation
The author describe the case of a 30-year-old male who presented with massive right-hand swelling and had a wide bone gap after the resection of a giant cell tumor. Of the various treatment modalities of giant cell tumours, the author describe the surgical approach to which the patient has a good functional outcome to where he can pinch and grasp objects. At 12 months postoperatively, there was no evidence of recurrence.

Conclusion
In summary, at 12 months, the author describe an original case report of the Orthopaedics and oncology interest in which the patient had improved strength and range of motion and good joint stability. There were no signs of failure or malunion. Author have described an acceptable alternative to current methods of curettage and reconstruction. The author believe that this method combines the strengths of the other approaches to minimize the risk of tumor recurrence and restore joint function. And hence reporting this case for the purpose of its complexity and good outcome.
Proximal tibial osteotomy osteoclasis in infantile genu-varum: improving the technique and managing potential complications
Authors: Shafik Ahmed M , Helal Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Genu-varum is a common problem encountered in pediatric orthopedic. Correction of pathological deformity is mandatory to ensure normal load transfer through the knee. In this study, we describe a new technique of osteotomy osteoclasis in order to evaluate if it is an effective and reliable method in management of infantile genu varum.

Methods
70 children with 122 legs suffering significant infantile genu-varum were treated by percutaneous osteotomy-osteoclasis technique. The mean age was 46 months. Genu-varum was bilateral in 52 children and unilateral in 18 with a mean preoperative proximal medial tibial angle 66.67 ± 2.67°. Under general anesthesia, transverse osteotomy osteoclasis was performed below the tibial tuberosity. Follow-up radiograph was done immediate postoperative, eight weeks postsurgery and at time of the final follow-up to assess alignment and consolidation.

Results
All children were evaluated clinically and radiologically. The mean follow-up was 28.60 ± 4.01 months. The mean operative time was 20 ± 3.96 min. All cases (100%) reported complete consolidation and the cast was removed within 8.69 ± 1.0 weeks (range: 7-11 weeks). The average proximal medial tibial angle improved from a mean 66.67 ± 2.67° (range 60 – 70) preoperatively to 90.15 ± 1.16° (range 88–92) postoperative (P < 0.05) and this was maintained till the end of follow-up. All patients’ caregivers reported their satisfaction by the final end results.

Conclusion
Osteotomy osteoclasis is an effective reliable method in the management of infantile genu-varum.
Nutrition morbidity interactions in pre-school children
Authors: Ramachandran Prema , Kalaivani K. , Lakshmi R.V. , Kalaivani M. , Pandey R.M. , Subapriya M. Sylvia 
Published: November 2023

Background & objectives:
Research studies in the 1970s reported that in pre-school children, undernutrition increased the risk of infections and infections aggravated undernutrition. Over decades, there has been a reduction in prevalence of undernutrition and improvement in access to healthcare for treatment of infections. A mixed longitudinal study was undertaken to assess whether over time there were any changes from the earlier reported effect of undernutrition prior to infection on the risk of morbidity and effect of morbidity on nutritional status in pre-school children.

Methods:
Pre-school (0-59 months of age) children from urban low- and middle-income families whose parents were willing to allow their participation in the study were enrolled. Information on sociodemographic profile of the families was collected at enrolment. Weight of all children and length in infants were recorded every month; length/height in children 12-59 months of age was recorded once in three months. Morbidity information was collected through fortnightly visits.

Results:
3888 pre-school children were followed up in 74636 home visits. Among these children, underweight and wasting were associated with a small increase in risk of infections. The odds ratio for risk of infection for underweight children was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.16) and for wasting was 1.18 (95% CI: 1.08 to 1.29). The deterioration in Z scores for weight-for-age and body mass index-for-age in children during illness and convalescence was small but significant (P<0.001).

Interpretation & conclusions:
The increased risk of infections in undernourished children living in overcrowded tenements in areas with poor environmental hygiene was not significant, perhaps because the risk of infection in normally nourished children was also high. The deterioration in nutritional status following infection was small because of the ready access to and utilization of health and nutrition care.
Evaluation of cell adhesion molecules (LFA-1 and L-selectin) in ankylosing spondylitis patients after treatment with β-D-mannuronic acid (M2000)
Authors: Fattahi Mohammad Javad , Rehm Bernd H.A. , Matsuo Hidenori , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Jafarnezhad-Ansariha Fahimeh , Ahmadi Hossein , Tofighi-Zavareh Farzaneh , Oraei Mona , Aghazadeh Zahra , Mirshafiey Abbas 
Published: November 2023

Background & objectives:
To examine β-D-mannuronic acid (M2000) effects on L-selectin shedding and leucocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) expression as mechanisms of action of this drug in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods:
To investigate the molecular consequences of β-D-mannuronic acid on L-selectin shedding, flow cytometry method was used. Furthermore, the effect of it on LFA-1 gene expression was analyzed by using quantitative real time (qRT)-PCR technique.

Results:
The LFA-1 expression in patients with AS was higher than controls (P=0.046). The LFA-1 expression after 12 wk therapy with β-D-mannuronic acid was meaningfully decreased (P=0.01). After 12 wk treatment with β-D-mannuronic acid, the frequency of CD62L-expressing CD4+ T cells in patients with AS, was not considerably altered, compared to the patients before therapy (P=0.5). Furthermore, after 12 wk therapy with β-D-mannuronic acid, L-selectin expression levels on CD4+ T-cells in patients with AS, were not remarkably changed, compared to the expression levels of these in patients before treatment (P=0.2).

Interpretation & conclusions:
The results of this study for the first time showed that β-D-mannuronic acid can affect events of adhesion cascade in patients with AS. Moreover, β-D-mannuronic acid presented as an acceptable benefit to AS patients and could aid in the process of disease management.
Witchcraft as Social Metaphor: Exploring the Supernatural Beliefs Among the Ogoni and Ikwerre of the Niger Delta
Authors: Burabari Sunday Deezia , Grace Lawrence-Hart 
Published: November 2023

This paper explores the underlying philosophy, beliefs, and practices surrounding witchcraft among the Ogoni and Ikwerre ethnic groups inhabiting the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Throughout recorded history, humanity has embarked upon a rational journey to identify solutions to the myriad vicissitudes and afflictions that have plagued human existence. Belief in supernatural phenomena such as witchcraft has conventionally furnished reasonable explanations for tragedy and occurrences deemed odd or inexplicable through conventional epistemologies. Within these cosmologies, witches are frequently perceived as enemies of societal equilibrium, capable of inflicting ill health, misfortune, and diverse forms of affliction upon communities. However, while beliefs related to witchcraft and the supernatural may serve as metaphors for powerful forces or social dysfunction, they simultaneously constitute autonomous systems of signs, symbols, and meanings that can potentially generate tangible positive effects for adherents, with historical origins rooted in indigenous cultures. This paper uses the descriptive methodology to argue that witchcraft, as a construct dependent on human agency, is not inherently immoral or detrimental. Rather, the central issue lies in the improper application of knowledge, experience, and intelligence derived from witchcraft practices toward selfish ambitions, such as harming others for personal advantage. The paper concludes that if oriented toward serving the greater good, advancing human society, and promoting human dignity, witchcraft merits encouragement, provided it is harnessed ethically through proper use.
Structural, Dielectric, Complex Impedance and Magnetoelectric Properties of the (1-x) KNbO3 - xMgFe2O4 Composites
Authors: Woldu Tesfakiros 
Published: November 2023

Ferrite-ferroelectric nanoparticle composites have a promising potential for a wider range of applications for the manufacturing of new-generation devices due to the tenability of their electric and magnetic orders. In this present work, room-temperature magnetoelectric (ME) coupling studies of KNbO3/MgFe2O4 composites having a general formula (1-x) KNbO3 - xMgFe2O4 (where x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1) is presented. The presence of the cubic spinel-ferrite phase of MgFe2O4 and the orthorhombic ferroelectric phase of KNbO3 were confirmed by the structural analysis which was employed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and morphology and grain size using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Magnetization versus magnetic field (M-H) measurements conform to ferromagnetic ordering and show improved magnetization with the increase in the ferrite phase. The existence of coupling between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic ordering was performed using a lock-in amplifier ME measurement setup. All the composite samples show good linear magnetoelectric coupling that increases with increasing ferrite content. This composite nanostructure with a well-defined interface provides the possibility of an ideal model of room temperature ME coupling which is significant from the technological point of view for a variety of miniaturized next-generation device applications.
Optimization of leaching parameters for the extraction of copper from hematite-dominated copper ore using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Ayodele T.J. , Daniyan A.A. , Adeleke A.A. , Ola-Omole O.O. 
Published: November 2023

The optimization of recovery of copper from Akiri hematite-dominated copper ore using hydrometallurgy was investigated in this study. The Akiri copper ore deposit hosts a high-grade copper mineral from which copper metal can be extracted. However, the ore is dominated by gangue minerals that need to be mechanically reduced for efficient copper recovery. The purpose of this study is to optimize the extraction of the metal from hematite-dominated copper ore. The experiments that were carried out in the course of this study include crushing, pulverization,mineralogical and chemical characterizations of the sample and sulpheric acid leaching. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the system parameters namely;temperature, concentration of the leachant and contact time so that an efficient method will be developed for the extraction of copper.Chalcopyrite, covellite and cuprite are the copper minerals while the gangues minerals were quartz ,mica, hematite,etc.on the characterization of the copper ore. The major oxides in the ore are hematite ,copper oxide and silica and revealed that the ore contains 4.61% copper and 65.8% iron. Effect of three independent factors like concentration ,temperature and contact time for copper extraction from the hematite-dominated copper ore was studied.Central composite design method was applied to the proposed quadratic model that connect the factors used for best copper extraction at the best process condition. The work shows that concentration of the acid was the best efficient factor for copper extraction compare to temperature and contact time. This may be as a result of high value of F-statistics for the concentration of the leachant, which effects to high level of copper extraction.Experimental and predicted values for weight loss from the copper ore were obtained as 39.10% and 39.03% at optimum conditions, respectively. The optimum conditions of 1.5M acid concentration, 90oC reaction temperature and 90minutes contact time were obtained and from which 6.64%Cu at recovery of 92.0% and 2.31%Fe was obtained without stirring. Also, the ore was subjected to leaching with stirring at 400rpm with the optimum conditions obtained to know the effect. The grade obtained was 7.84% Cu at recovery of 83.51% and iron content 5.47%. This shows that leaching without stirring is the best option against leaching with stirring to extract the copper and to reduce the iron and other gangues contents in the copper ore.The activation energies were estimated as 13.20kJ/mol and 22.67kJ/mol for liquid film diffusion and diffusion product layer respectively, the values indicate that the leaching rate is controlled by diffusion process.
Co-delivery of combretastatin A4 and docetaxel with pegylated nanostructured lipid carriers in tumor cells
Authors: Jia Caifeng , Zhang Sen , Li Wenpan , Chu Chun , Hu Haiyang , Wang Mingxia , Chen Dawei 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: To investigate a novel co-delivery system using nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for simultaneous administration of two potent anti-cancer drugs, combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) and docetaxel (DTX), against tumor cells and vasculature.
Methods: The CA-4 and DTX co-loaded NLCs (C-D-NLC) were formulated and investigated for physical properties, stability, and drug release. Safety and efficacy of C-D-NLC were investigated on Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) tumor cells in vitro and in vivo using cytotoxicity and anti-tumor assays. The pharmacokinetics of CA-4 and DTX in rats after intravenous injection of C-D-NLC were also studied to evaluate potential drug interactions.
Results: The C-D-NLC was successfully prepared with a spherical shape, mean size of 130 nm, negative charge, high encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of 94.89, 88.16, 2.44, and 4.52 for DTX and CA-4, respectively. Also, C-D-NLC had a significant inhibitory effect on LLC cells, superior to a single drug or solution group. Combretastatin A4 did not affect the pharmacokinetics of DTX, but combretastatin–docetaxel nanostructured lipid carriers (C-D-NLC) reduced plasma clearance of CA-4 and DTX, prolonged half-life, mean residence time, and increased area under concentration curves (AUC) values. Furthermore, combretastatin–docetaxel nanostructured lipid carriers (C-D-NLC) inhibited the growth of LLC tumors in mice and reduced drug toxicity.
Conclusion: Combretastatin–docetaxel nanostructured lipid carriers (C-D-NLC) sustain drug release and enhance tumor growth inhibition of CA-4 and DTX by targeting both tumor cells and vasculature. The co-delivery system prolongs drug circulation compared to solution administration. Thus, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with dual drug loading may be a promising strategy for clinical combination chemotherapy in future.
Effectiveness of the combination of terbutaline and budesonide inhalation in treating acute bronchial asthma during pregnancy
Authors: Zhang Guozhi , Zhou Lina , Guo Shanshan , Wang Mei , Han Ling 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic benefits of terbutaline sulfate aerosol inhalation combined with budesonide, and its influence on pulmonary function in pregnant women suffering from acute bronchial asthma attacks.
Methods: A total of 100 pregnant patients diagnosed with acute bronchial asthma in PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China were divided into control and study groups (n = 50 each). Control group received aerosol inhalation of normal saline along with standard treatments, viz, oxygen inhalation, sputum aspiration, anti-infection measures, and maintenance of water- electrolyte balance. Study group received combined terbutaline sulfate and budesonide aerosol inhalation in addition to standard treatment. Both groups underwent a 7-day treatment course, with inhalation therapy twice daily.
Results: Study group showed significantly shorter relief times for cough, wheezing, and chest tightness compared to control group (p < 0.05). After treatment, 92.0 % of patients in study group exhibited improvement or relief from their symptoms, compared to 80.0 % in control group (p < 0.05). Pulmonary function indices, including first vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and FEV1/FVC, improved in both groups after treatment. Study group exhibited significantly lower laboratory indices, including immunoglobulin E (IgE), C-reactive protein (CRP), and eosinophils (EOS) compared to control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of inhalation therapy of terbutaline sulfate with budesonide in pregnant women experiencing acute bronchial asthma demonstrates significant enhancements in clinical effectiveness, pulmonary function, and laboratory parameters. Clinical trials of this combined therapy should be carried out in other locations to ascertain the effect of population variation on treatment efficacy.
CircPDSS1 accelerates malignant progression of renal cell carcinoma through sponging of miR-182-5p
Authors: Wang Jia , Li Yan , Ou Yangsong , Qin Wan , Huang Wukui , Lu Cengceng , Ma Rongyan , Han Rui , Han Hu 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: To investigate the biological function and mechanisms of circPDSS1 in triggering malignant progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to determine circPDSS1 levels in 50 pairs of RCC and para-cancerous tissues. The relationship between circPDSS1 level and pathological indices in RCC patients was analyzed, while the in vitro effect of circPDSS1 in regulating RCC proliferation was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation and 5- ethynyl-2’- deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. The sponge effect of circPDSS1 on miR-182-5p was examined by bioinformatics analysis and dual- luciferase reporter assay, while their involvement in mediating malignant progression of RCC was analyzed using rescue experiments. In vivo, the influence of circPDSS1 on RCC growth was determined by establishing a xenograft model in nude mice. Thereafter, RCC tissues were harvested from mice to assess relative levels of miR-182-5p and Ki-67.
Results: CircPDSS1 was highly expressed in RCC tissues (p < 0.05). A high level of circPDSS1 correlated with advanced tumor staging and low overall survival. Knockdown of circPDSS1 inhibited RCC cell proliferation, and CircPDSS1 sponged and negatively regulated miR-182-5p (p < 0.05). MiR182-5p was able to abolish regulatory effect of circPDSS1 on malignant proliferative potential in RCC cells. In nude mice bearing RCC, in vivo knockdown of circPDSS1 slowed down tumor growth and decreased positive expression of Ki-67 in tumor tissues (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: CircPDSS1 predicts tumor stage and prognosis in RCC patients. It triggers malignant progression of RCC through sponging of miR-182-5p.
MiR-22 inhibits angiotensin II-induced aortic dissection and protects aortic vessel wall in mice by targeting MAPK14
Authors: Yu Xinming , Zhao Zonggang , Tao Lili , Shun Xiao , Bing Liu 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: To study the effect of miR-22 on angiotensin II-induced aortic dissection in mice, and its protective effect on aortic vessel wall, as well the involvement of MAPK-14 in these processes.
Methods: A mouse aortic dissection model was established via subcutaneous implantation of angiotensin II (1 µg/kg/min) micropump in the dorsal region. The mice (n = 30) were assigned in equal numbers to 5 groups (n = 6). All injections were given via the tail vein. The miR-22 expressions in aortas of mice in each group were determined with quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blot assay was used to determine the expressions of MAPK-14 protein, while H&E staining was used to measure the ratio of aortic thickness-to-diameter, and contents of collagen and elastic fibers.
Results: The expression of miR-22 in aorta of mice in miR-22 overexpression group was significantly higher than that in overexpression control group, but significantly lower in miR-22 inhibition mouse than in inhibition control mouse (p < 0.05). There was significantly lower protein expression of MAPK-14 in mice aorta in miR-22 overexpression mice than in overexpression control mice, but significantly upregulated in miR-22 inhibition mice, relative to that in inhibition control mice (p < 0.05). In the miR-22 overexpression mice, the ratio of membrane thickness-to-diameter was higher than the corresponding value in miR-22 inhibition mice. There were significantly higher contents of aortic elastic and collagen fibers in miR-22 overexpression mice than in overexpression control and miR-22 inhibition groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Overexpression of miR-22 inhibits the up-regulation of expression of its target gene mapk14, increases thickness of aortic media and aortic elasticity in mice, and increase the content of collagen fibers, thereby exerting protective effect on aortic wall structure.