bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Protocol for the Consecutive α‐ and β‐Activation of Propiolates towards Electrophiles, Involving Conjugate Addition of Tertiary Amines and Intramolecular Silyl Migration
Authors: Matsuya Yuji , Hayashi Kousuke , Nemoto Hideo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractHerein, we present a novel approach for the consecutive α‐ and β‐activation of conjugated alkynes and demonstrate the application of this methodology towards the CC bond‐forming reactions of propiolates. This new concept is based on the 1,4‐addition of a tertiary amine to a conjugated alkyne, followed by an aldol‐type addition to an aldehyde and subsequent intramolecular silyl migration. This sequential process is generally applicable for 3‐trimethylsilylpropiolates. The combination of methyl 3‐trimethylsilylpropiolate, 1,4‐diazobicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), and aromatic aldehydes brought about domino‐type CC bond formations to afford highly functionalized olefins as the major products. On the other hand, aliphatic aldehydes, including the sterically demanding aromatic aldehyde, 2,6‐dimethylbenzaldehyde, produced alkyne derivatives as the sole products from the reaction, presumably, by the reaction pathway common to the first cases. The intramolecular version of the reaction was successfully applied to the cyclization of trimethylsilylpropiolic esters derived from salicylaldehydes, leading to a new formylcoumarin synthesis. Studies of the reaction mechanisms are also described.
Intramolecular Carbolithiation of Allyl o‐Lithioaryl Ethers: A New Enantioselective Synthesis of Functionalized 2,3‐Dihydrobenzofurans
Authors: Barluenga José , Fañanás Francisco J. , Sanz Roberto , Marcos César 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA new and easy method for the diastereoselective synthesis of 3‐functionalized 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran derivatives from allyl 2‐bromoaryl ethers is described. The key step of this transformation involves an intramolecular carbolithiation reaction of allyl 2‐lithioaryl ethers. The substituents in both the allyl and the aryl moieties play an important and decisive role in stopping the reaction at the benzofuran thus avoiding a γ‐elimination reaction. Finally, this process is amenable to the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched compounds by using (−)‐sparteine as a chiral inductor.
Biocatalytic Approaches to Hetero‐Diels–Alder Adducts of Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Gouverneur Véronique , Reiter Maud 
Published: July 2005

AbstractVery little information is available on hetero‐Diels–Alderases for the assembly of heterocyclic products despite the synthetic value of these [4+2] cycloadditions. Hetero‐Diels–Alderase antibodies raised against a bicyclic transition state analogue have been generated for the cycloaddition of ethylglyoxylate with an all‐carbon diene. More recently, a conceptually novel biocatalytic approach to hetero‐Diels–Alder (HDA) adducts derived from carbonyl dienophiles has been developed mirroring a stepwise aldol Michael mechanism instead of a concerted pathway. In this approach, the two key steps are an antibody‐mediated kinetic resolution of β‐hydroxyenones and a subsequent ring‐closure process. An attractive feature of this methodology is the possibility to convert the enantioenriched aldol intermediates into tetrahydropyranones or dihydropyranones. This bioorganic route is best applied for the preparation of enantioenriched HDA adducts derived from poorly electrophilic acceptors, therefore complementing existing catalytic routes to these adducts based on the use of small organocatalysts or chiral Lewis acids.
Primary diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma by fine‐needle aspiration of a supraclavicular lymph node
Authors: Tafazzoli Alireza , Raza Anwar , Martin Sue Ellen 
Published: July 2005

AbstractMalignant mesothelioma is a rare neoplasm with poor prognosis. The pleural form is defined as a malignant tumor of mesothelial cells with a diffuse growth pattern involving the visceral and parietal surfaces of the pleura. To our knowledge, there have only been two reported cases in the literature where fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of a lymph node was the primary mode of diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. We describe a 40‐yr‐old male in whom the primary diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma was made by FNA of a supraclavicular lymph node. The mesothelial origin of the tumor was confirmed with immunohistochemical studies. A pleural biopsy immediately preceding the FNA was interpreted as chronic inflammation. Most patients with clinically documented lymph node metastases of malignant mesothelioma have had a previously established diagnosis of mesothelioma. Our case demonstrates that FNA can be a simple and invaluable method of diagnosis in those unusual cases where diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma has not already been made before lymphadenopathy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2005;33:122–125. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term effects of muscle‐derived protein with molecular mass of 77 kDa (MDP77) on nerve regeneration
Authors: Itoh Soichiro , Fujimori Kazuhiro E. , Uyeda Atsuko , Matsuda Atsushi , Kobayashi Hisatoshi , Shinomiya Kenichi , Tanaka Junzo , Taguchi Takahisa 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe long‐term effects of the 77‐kDa muscle‐derived protein (MDP77) on motor and sensory nerve regeneration were examined in vivo. Fourteen‐millimeter bridge grafts of the right sciatic nerve of SD rats were carried out with silicone tubes containing a solution of type I collagen together with 0, 5, 10, or 20 μg/ml recombinant human MDP77 (N = 10 in each group). Recovery of motor and sensory function was evaluated monthly by the maximal toe‐spread index (TSI) and hot‐plate test, respectively, for 6 months after the operation. Electrophysiology (nerve conduction velocity), histology (diameter and total number of the regenerated myelinated axons in the tube), and immunohistochemistry (total number of Schwann cells in the tube), as well as measurement of soleus muscle weight, were also performed at this time. Motor, but not sensory, function recovered rapidly in the MDP77‐treated groups in a dose‐dependent manner. Electrophysiological measurements and the ratio of soleus muscle weight corroborated the positive effects of MDP77 on motor nerve regeneration, but no facilitation of sensory nerve recovery was observed. Furthermore, histological and immunohistochemical evaluations suggested that MDP77 treatment accelerates Schwann cell migration, followed by enhanced maturation of regenerating axons, resulting in functional recovery of both the nerves and the atrophied, denervated muscle. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
UCHL‐1 gene in multiple system atrophy: A haplotype tagging approach
Authors: Healy Daniel G. , Abou‐Sleiman Patrick M. , Quinn Niall , Ahmadi Kourosh R. , Ozawa Tetsutaro , Kamm Christoph , Wullner Ullrich , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Burk Katrin , Dupont Erik , Pellecchia Maria T. , Tolosa Eduardo , Gasser Thomas , Holton Janice L. , Revesz Tamas , Goldstein David B. , Lees Andrew J. , Wood Nicholas W. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractTo date, the etiology of multiple system atrophy (MSA) has proved impenetrable. We investigated the role of genetic variation in the UCHL‐1 gene in MSA and looked for the presence of disease susceptibility alleles. We determined the linkage disequilibrium structure of the gene and employed a haplotype tagging strategy with power to represent 95% of the haplotype diversity. This approach was performed using a set of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that can infer the allelic state of all the common SNPs in UCHL‐1 with a high coefficient of determination. This strategy enabled us to scan across the gene and maintain the power to detect signal(s) from any potential functional variant(s). In 257 Gilman‐probable or ‐definite MSA subjects and 1,536 controls, we did not detect a case–control frequency difference for either the tagged haplotypes or for individual tagging SNPs. This search included the S18Y variant of UCHL‐1, which has been reported to be protective in Parkinson's disease. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Smokeless tobacco use and the risk of Parkinson's disease mortality
Authors: O'Reilly Eilis J. , McCullough Marji L. , Chao Ann , Jane Henley S. , Calle Eugenia E. , Thun Michael J. , Ascherio A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe examined the association between smokeless tobacco use and Parkinson's disease (PD) mortality as assessed by death certificate in a prospective cohort of 95,981 never‐smoking men. In this cohort, smokeless tobacco use is inversely associated with PD mortality, with an age‐adjusted risk of 0.22 (0.07–0.67) among current users compared to never users. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Primary writing tremor: Report of a case successfully treated with botulinum toxin A injections and discussion of underlying mechanism
Authors: Singer Carlos , Papapetropoulos Spiridon , Spielholz Neil I. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractPrimary writing tremor (PWT) is a rare motor disorder of unknown etiology, where tremor is elicited primarily or exclusively with writing. We describe a patient with PWT, present a video before and after successful treatment with botulinum toxin type A injections, and discuss a possible underlying dystonic mechanism. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Sleep apnea syndrome in Parkinson's disease. A case–control study in 49 patients
Authors: Diederich Nico J. , Vaillant Michel , Leischen Mike , Mancuso Giovanna , Golinval Serge , Nati Romain , Schlesser Marc 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn PD, the impact of nocturnal respiration on sleep continuity and architecture has not been systematically investigated by polysomnography (PSG). We performed a case–control study with retrospective analysis of PSG data of 49 PD patients. After classifying the PD patients according to their apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), they were matched with 49 controls in terms of age, gender, and AHI. There were 21 PD patients (43%) who had sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), classified as mild (AHI, 5–15) in 10 patients, moderate (AHI, >15–30) in 4 patients, and severe (AHI, > 30) in 7 patients. PD patients had more deep sleep (P = 0.02) and more nocturnal awakenings (P < 0.001) than the controls. Their body mass index (BMI) was lower (P = 0.04), and they maintained a more favorable respiratory profile, with higher mean and minimal oxygen saturation values (P = 0.006 and 0.01, respectively). These differences were preserved when only considering PD patients with AHI > 15. PD patients had less obstructive sleep apneas (P = 0.035), independently from the factor AHI. Only the respiratory changes of 4 PD patients with BMI > 27 and AHI > 15 (8%) approximated those seen in the controls. At an early or middle stage of the disease, non‐obese PD patients frequently have AHI values suggesting SAS, however, without the oxygen desaturation profile of SAS. Longitudinal studies of patients with such “abortive” SAS are warranted to establish if this finding reflects benign nocturnal respiratory muscle dyskinesia or constitutes a precursor sign of dysautonomia in PD. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Multiple lipomas, alcoholism, and neuropathy: Madelung's disease or MERRF?
Authors: Schoffer Kerrie , Grant Ian 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe report a 51‐year‐old alcoholic man with a 10‐year history of cervical lipomas and progressive symmetrical sensory neuropathy, initially diagnosed with Madelung's disease, an idiopathic syndrome often attributed to chronic alcoholism. The eventual development of proximal weakness led to pathological and genetic testing which identified a A8344G mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA lysine gene, associated with MERRF (myoclonic epilepsy with ragged‐red fibers). This case demonstrates how the varied terminology for this syndrome has resulted in a lack of consistent recognition and assessment for mitochondrial cytopathy. Muscle Nerve, 2005
Reinnervation of laryngeal muscles: A study of changes in myosin heavy chain expression
Authors: Kingham Paul J. , Birchall Martin A. , Burt Rachel , Jones Alan , Terenghi Giorgio 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDirect repair of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) results in synkinesis and compromised laryngeal function. We have therefore developed a pig model to investigate whether anastomosis of the phrenic nerve with the abductor branch of the RLN leads to specific reinnervation of abductor muscles. Expression of myosin heavy chain protein (MyHC), a marker of appropriate reinnervation, was determined in the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) abductor and thyroarytenoid (TA) adductor muscles following nerve injury and repair. The denervated PCA muscle exhibited decreased levels of the fast‐type MyHC isoforms IIA and IIB, and increased slow‐type MyHC expression. Similarly, there was a fall in type IIB levels in the denervated TA muscle but increases in both IIA and slow MyHC. Four months after repair, the MyHC expression in the PCA was near normal, suggesting that our model reduces the risk of synkinesis and ensures the accurate muscle reinnervation required for full functional recovery. Muscle Nerve, 2005
Health‐risk behaviours among adolescent survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Bauld Catherine , Toumbourou J.W. , Anderson V. , Coffey C. , Olsson C.A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the study was to investigate smoking, alcohol use, illicit drug use and sexual risk taking among adolescent survivors of childhood cancer treated in Australia.ProcedureA comparison study selecting on exposure (cancer vs. healthy) and administering a branched computerised questionnaire assessing health‐risk behaviour, predominately by telephone interview. One hundred fifty‐three adolescent survivors of childhood cancer were compared with age matched healthy adolescents drawn from one of two Australian population based surveys of adolescent health. Behaviours assessed were tobacco use, alcohol use, binge drinking, cannabis use, pain reliever use, other illicit drug use and unprotected sex.ResultsCompared to their healthy peers, younger survivors (13‐ to 17‐years) were at an increased risk of reporting pain reliever use (OR = 2.1) for non‐medical purposes, but lower risk of binge drinking (OR = 0.20), cannabis use (OR = 0.25), other illicit drug use (OR = 0.31), tobacco use (OR = 0.38) and alcohol use (OR = 0.44). Older survivors (18‐ to 24‐years) were at an increased risk of reporting alcohol use (OR 1.5), but at lower risk of reporting cannabis use (OR = 0.27), other illicit drug use (OR = 0.44) and tobacco use (OR = 0.47). Survival analysis using the full adolescent survivor cohort (13‐ to 24‐years) showed that the age of onset of tobacco use was later for cancer survivors (hazard ratio HR = 0.65).ConclusionAdolescent cancer survivors show reduced involvement in most health‐risk behaviours, with the exception of pain reliever use among younger survivors and alcohol use among the older survivors. Although risks were reduced a substantial proportion of survivors engage in these behaviours. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antimetabolite‐based therapy in childhood T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report of POG study 9296
Authors: Winter Stuart S. , Holdsworth Mark T. , Devidas Meenakshi , Raisch Dennis W. , Chauvenet Allen , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Ducore Jonathan M. , Amylon Michael D. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractPurposeA previous Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) study showed high incidence of secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in children treated for T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) or higher‐stage lymphoblastic lymphoma. To prevent secondary neoplasms, induce prolonged asparagine depletion, and maintain high event‐free survival (EFS) in children with newly diagnosed T‐ALL or higher‐stage non‐Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL), we designed this pilot study to determine feasibility and safety of substituting methotrexate/mercaptopurine for teniposide/cytarabine and PEG‐asparaginase for native asparaginase.Patients and methodsForty‐five patients were entered, 29 with T‐ALL and 16 with higher‐stage NHL. Forty‐two of 45 patients achieved complete remission (CR), and 27 completed the therapy in continuous CR. Treatment consisted of 4‐week induction then 6 weeks consolidation and ten 9‐week maintenance cycles. Therapy primarily comprised antimetabolites, anthracyclines, alkylating agents, and asparaginase. Expected chemotherapy duration was 100 weeks.ResultsForty‐two of 45 patients achieved CR, and 27 completed therapy. The most common toxicities were Grade 3 or 4 myelosuppression after cyclophosphamide/cytarabine and allergic reactions to asparaginase. Two died of sepsis early in maintenance. Five‐year EFS was 68.5% (SE 9.1%) for T‐ALL and 81.3% (SE 9.8%) for NHL. Five‐year EFS was 73.1% (SE 6.8%) for the entire cohort. No patients treated entirely on this study developed secondary neoplasms. One patient taken off study for asparaginase toxicity was treated with multiagent therapy that contained teniposide, and died from secondary myelodysplasia (sMDS)/AML.ConclusionSubstituting methotrexate/mercaptopurine for teniposide/cytarabine and PEG‐asparaginase for native asparaginase in a dose‐intensive regimen was feasible in children and young adults with newly diagnosed T‐ALL or higher‐stage NHL. EFS was not compromised and secondary neoplasms were decreased. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment of a clinically determined lower‐risk stage III non‐lymphoblastic non‐hodgkin lymphoma with less intensive therapy does not impact negatively on outcome
Authors: Belgaumi Asim F. , Shalaby Lobna , Al‐Kofide Amani , Chaudhary M. Ashraf , Alviedo Christopher , Sabbah Rajeh 
Published: July 2005

AbstractStage III NHL was divided into lower‐risk (LR) or high‐risk (HR) groups. Results of treatment were retrospectively reviewed for patients between 1993 through 2000. An intensive multiagent protocol was used for IIIHR, and a CHOP‐based, milder treatment for IIILR. Most LR therapy was outpatient, while treatment for HR patients was primarily inpatient. Five year EFS and OS for HR (n = 29) and LR (n = 23) groups was 86.2% and 95.6% (P = 0.26), and 93.1% and 100%, respectively (P = 0.4). LR had less toxicity. While these results need prospective confirmation, the data shows that less intensive therapy of a LR group of stage III NHL may not impact negatively on outcome. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Potential clinical impact of taking multiple blood samples for research studies in paediatric oncology: How much do we really know?
Authors: Cole Michael , Boddy Alan V. , Kearns Pamela , Teh Kok H. , Price Lisa , Parry Annie , Pearson Andrew D.J. , Veal Gareth J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractPharmacological studies of anti‐cancer agents in children are essential to determine their clinical safety and efficacy, both of which can differ considerably from that observed in adults. However, the potential clinical impact of taking blood samples, in addition to those required for standard clinical practice is commonly a concern for both medical and allied staff and parents. Frequently quoted ‘safe limits’ of 3%–5% of total blood volume taken on any one study day are not based on published data and may not be acceptable for all patients. This article reviews some of the reasons why clinical pharmacology data for anti‐cancer drugs is often lacking in a paediatric patient population, summarises data from a retrospective study investigating the potential impact of repeated blood sampling for research purposes and discusses how this issue may be more systematically addressed in future studies. Research involving children with cancer should be limited to those studies addressing key scientific questions and should be designed to limit both the number and volume of blood samples required. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thymic carcinoma in children
Authors: Yaris Nilgün , Nas Yunus , Cobanoglu Umit , Yavuz Melek N. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThymic epithelial neoplasms consist of thymomas, thymic carcinoids, and thymic carcinomas. Carcinomas are malignant tumors of the thymus characterized by obvious cytological anaplasia. They constitute only 4%–14% of thymic epithelial neoplams. Thymic carcinoma rarely occurs in children. Research in the English literature carried out for the present study revealed only 14 cases younger than 18 years‐of‐age. Here we have reported a 16‐year old girl who presented with respiratory distress due to huge anterior mediastinal mass. Histological and immunohistochemical studies confirmed lymphoepithelioma‐like thymic carcinoma. She received systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, she died within 15 months due to progressive disease. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Severe malignancy‐associated hypercalcemia in dysgerminoma
Authors: Matthew Richardson , Christopher Otis , Philippa Sprinz 
Published: July 2005

AbstractHypercalcemia is a rare complication of pediatric malignant germ cell tumors. The problem may be missed because of unawareness among pediatric oncologists. We describe a 16‐year‐old girl with an ovarian dysgerminoma associated with severe hypercalcemia, a metabolic abnormality infrequently reported with this disease. We review some of the potential causes of malignancy‐associated hypercalcemia and current treatment strategies. It is our recommendation that calcium levels should be monitored in all children with solid ovarian masses. Hypercalcemia seen in these situations may not improve until the tumor is removed. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006; 47:621–623. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prescribing practices of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) among pediatric oncologists: A single institution experience
Authors: Kersun Leslie S. , Kazak Anne E. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractAlthough children and adolescents with cancer often experience symptoms of anxiety and depression, there are no published data regarding the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for treating depression in the pediatric oncology population. The goal of this study was to characterize SSRI prescribing practices among pediatric oncologists. A brief (14 item) written survey was distributed to all attending and fellow physicians at a large center with an 85% response rate (N = 40). Half of the respondents prescribed SSRIs for patients, and the most common triggers for prescription include oncologist perceptions of the patient's general sadness, major depressive disorder, and anxiety. The majority of oncologists in the sample (70%) used more than one SSRI. Most physicians prescribe during the first year of therapy and 50% feel that their practice will be influenced by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) warnings governing the use of SSRIs in the pediatric population. Some physicians consult hospital psychologists, while fewer consult psychiatrists prior to prescribing for these patients. The information gathered from this survey demonstrates that pediatric oncologists are prescribing SSRIs for their patients for a variety of indications. Prospective clinical trials that involve screening patients for depression and anxiety prior to and following SSRI therapy may be helpful in determining whether they result in amelioration of symptoms. It would also be important to evaluate the benefits of a concurrent psychological intervention with medication. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006;47:339–342. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.