bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Sampling for Evaluating Hospital Postoperative Morbidity in US Surgical Quality Improvement Programs
Authors: Chen Vivi W. , Rosen Tracey , Dong Yongquan , Richardson Peter A. , Kramer Jennifer R. , Petersen Laura A. , Massarweh Nader N. 
Published: December 2023

ImportanceUS surgical quality improvement (QI) programs use data from a systematic sample of surgical cases, rather than universal review of all cases, to assess and compare risk-adjusted hospital postoperative complication rates. Given decreasing postoperative complication rates over time and the types of cases eligible for abstraction, it is unclear whether case sampling is robust for identifying hospitals with higher than expected complications.ObjectiveTo compare the assessment of hospital 30-day complication rates derived from sampling strategy used by some US surgical QI programs relative to universal review of all cases.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis US hospital-level analysis took place from January 1, 2016, through September 30, 2020. Data analysis was performed from July 1, 2022, through December 21, 2022. Quarterly, risk-adjusted, 30-day complication observed to expected (O-E) ratios were calculated for each hospital using the sample (n = 502 730) and universal review (n = 1 725 364). Outlier hospitals (ie, those with higher than expected mortality) were identified using an O-E ratio significantly greater than 1.0. Patients 18 years and older who underwent a noncardiac operation at US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals with a record in the VA Surgical Quality Improvement Program (systematic sample) and the VA Corporate Data Warehouse surgical domain (100% of surgical cases) were included.Main Outcome MeasureThirty-day complications.ResultsMost patients in both the representative sample and the universal sample were men (90.2% vs 91.2%) and White (74.7% vs 74.5%). Overall, 30-day complication rates were 7.6% and 5.3% for the sample and universal review cohorts, respectively (P &amp;lt; .001). Over 2145 hospital quarters of data, hospitals were identified as an outlier in 15.0% of quarters using the sample and 18.2% with universal review. Average hospital quarterly complication rates were 4.7%, 7.2%, and 7.4% for outliers identified using the sample only, universal review only, and concurrent identification in both data sources, respectively. For nonsampled cases, average hospital quarterly complication rates were 7.0% at outliers and 4.4% at nonoutliers. Among outlier hospital quarters in the sample, 54.2% were concurrently identified with universal review. For those identified with universal review, 44.6% were concurrently identified using the sample.ConclusionIn this observational study, case sampling identified less than half of hospitals with excess risk-adjusted postoperative complication rates. Future work is needed to ascertain how to best use currently collected data and whether alternative data collection strategies may be needed to better inform local QI efforts.
Enabling Electron Delocalization by Conductor Heterostructure for Highly Reversible Sodium Storage
Authors: Liu Chang , Wang Baowei , Song Zirui , Xiao Xuhuan , Cao Ziwei , Xiong Dengyi , Deng Wentao , Hou Hongshuai , Yang Yingchang , Zou Guoqiang , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNiobium oxides have fascinated numerous interests for ultrafast sodium‐ion batteries due to their impressive stability, fast pseudocapacitive kinetics, and high safety features. However, the poor intrinsic electronic conductivity and unrevealed mechanisms largely limit their further applications. Here, inspired by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the introduction of conductor heterostructure (Nb2O5/NbSe2) can largely decrease the bulk phase inserted energy of Na+ from 9.88 to −3.54 eV, as well as promote the delocalization of electron, greatly improving the electrical conductivity of Nb2O5. As expected, the as‐obtained orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T‐Nb2O5‐x‐NbSe2@C) delivers a high conductivity of 3.69 S cm−1, exhibiting a great improvement of four orders magnitude than that of the parent Nb2O5 (1.87 × 10−4 S cm−1). Impressively, T‐Nb2O5‐x‐NbSe2@C possesses a high reversible capacity of 249 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, as well as excellent rate performance of 63 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1, nearly twins the capacity of parent porous Nb2O5. Furthermore, the periodic evolutions of the main peaks for targeted electrodes during repeated charging/discharging processes have been further revealed by in situ XRD, demonstrating a highly reversible inserted/extracted storage mechanism of Na+. This work provides a novel method to improve the conductivity of materials by constructing conductor heterojunction.
Polymerized Riboflavin and Anthraquinone Derivatives for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Kleinbruckner Nadine , Leeb Elisabeth , Wielend Dominik , Schimanofsky Corina , Cobet Munise , Mayr Felix , Kerschbaumer Angelina , Yumusak Cigdem , Richtar Jan , Scharber Markus Clark , Neugebauer Helmut , Irimia‐Vladu Mihai , Krajcovic Jozef , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is identified as a promising reagent for fuel cells, reducing the dependency on carbon‐based fuels. In this work, electrochemically synthesized polymers are employed to improve the efficiency of the oxygen (O2) reduction reaction, thus producing H2O2 in an environmentally friendly way. Two aminoanthraquinones, as well as riboflavin (vitamin B2), are successfully immobilized via oxidative electropolymerization onto both glassy carbon and carbon paper. Of the investigated compounds, polyriboflavin shows a high Faradaic efficiency toward O2 reduction, even at a very low potential of only −0.1 V versus SHE. This catalytic effect is present in neutral and alkaline conditions, using both glassy carbon and carbon paper, but highly pronounced in neutral, aqueous solutions.
Unleashing Photocarrier Transport in Mesoporous Single‐Crystalline LaTiO2N for High‐Efficiency Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Ran , He Hanna , Shi Li , Du Dayue , Lin Guoan , Zhang Chuhong , Xu Xiaoxiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLaTiO2N is a promising narrow‐bandgap semiconductor photocatalyst that shows great promise for water redox reactions. However, its performance is often hindered by fast photocarrier recombination events. Herein, LaTiO2N mesoporous single crystals (MSCs) are successfully fabricated via a topotactic conversion route by using the Ruddlesden–Popper compound NaLaTiO4 as the precursor. The LaTiO2N MSCs are characterized by high crystallinity, abundant mesopores, no grain boundaries (GBs), and exposure of (010) and (101) crystal facets. A facet‐assisted photocarrier separation mechanism is identified for these LaTiO2N MSCs which contributes to the much better photocarrier separation than conventional counterparts. By loading proper cocatalysts, LaTiO2N MSCs serve as an efficient photocatalyst for water‐splitting half‐reactions and are capable of photocatalyzing overall water‐splitting reactions, delivering an impressive apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) as high as 65.07% at 420 ± 20 nm for O2‐evolution and a solar‐to‐hydrogen (STH) efficiency as high as 0.012% for solar‐driven overall water splitting. These findings not only highlight the grain‐boundary‐free MSCs with peculiar crystal‐facet exposure as highly active photocatalysts for particulate photocatalysis but also provide a rational design approach for developing efficient photocatalysts.
Boosting Thermoelectric Performance of Thermogalvanic Hydrogels by Structure Engineering Induced by Liquid Nitrogen Quenching
Authors: Zhang Ding , Fang Yanjie , Liu Lili , Zhou Yuetong , Bai Peijia , Li Qi , Guo Jiaqi , Ma Rujun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractQuasi‐solid thermogalvanic hydrogels hold great promise in harvesting low‐grade thermal energy, yet, they are still far from practical application owing to relatively low power output. Herein, through liquid nitrogen quenching‐induced structure engineering, a high‐performance stretchable thermogalvanic hydrogel thread with a high specific output power density of 2227.5 µW m−2 K−2 and a large thermopower of 4.5 mV K−1 is designed. After liquid nitrogen quenching, both the thermopower and electrical conductivity have been greatly improved compared to natural cooling. The excellent properties are attributed to liquid nitrogen quenching‐induced grain refinement and precipitation inhibition. It is a novel and general preparation method for high‐performance and homogeneous thermogalvanic hydrogels. Finally, a thermogalvanic hydrogel array is demonstrated to be capable of driving a low‐power motor and charging a mobile phone by low‐grade thermal energy harvesting, indicating a great potential for practical applications in human daily life.
Intelligent Online Sensing of Defects Evolution in Metallic Materials during Plastic Deformation
Authors: Tang Xuefeng , He Chuanyue , Guo Wentian , Lin Peixian , Deng Lei , Wang Xinyun , Xie Jianxin 
Published: December 2023

Metallic plastic deformation involves complex microstructural changes and defect evolution, posing challenges in predicting and controlling the quality and performance of formed parts. Therefore, a pressing demand exists for a proficient online defect‐sensing system to monitor defects evolution continuously within components during plastic deformation in real time. This article proposes an intelligent online sensing approach for detecting defects in metallic plastic forming based on acoustic emission (AE) and machine learning. A comparative analysis is conducted on AE amplitude signals, stress–strain curves, and defect evolution during the tensile process of TA15 titanium alloy specimens under different stress states. It is found that the defect formation process can be divided into four stages based on the AE amplitude signals. A convolutional neural network model for intelligent defect sensing is established. It leverages transfer learning and is grounded in the relationship between AE signals and the evolution of internal defects. The prediction accuracy using different pretrained models is investigated and compared. It is discerned that utilizing GoogleNet as the pretrained model offers the swiftest training pace with a prediction accuracy of 97.57%. This approach enables intelligent online sensing of internal defect evolution in metal plastic deformation processes.
Intravenous Thrombolysis before Complete Angiographic Reperfusion: Beyond Angiographic Assessment to Target Microvascular Obstruction?
Authors: Gory Benjamin , Finitsis Stephanos , Olivot Jean‐Marc , Richard Sébastien , Marnat Gaultier , Sibon Igor , Viguier Alain , Cognard Christophe , Mazighi Mikael , Chamorro Angel , Lapergue Bertrand , Maïer Benjamin ,   Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke Registry Investigators
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveRecent data have suggested that ineffective tissue reperfusion despite successful angiographic reperfusion was partly responsible for unfavorable outcomes after endovascular therapy (EVT) and might be modulated by intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) use before EVT. To specifically decipher the effect played by IVT before EVT, we compared the clinical and safety outcomes of patients who experienced a complete reperfusion at the end of EVT according to IVT use before EVT.MethodsThe Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) registry is an ongoing, prospective, observational study at 21 centers that perform EVT in France. Patients were included if they had an anterior large vessel occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery (M1/M2 segments) and complete reperfusion (expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score = 3) with EVT within 6 hours, between January 2015 and December 2021. The cohort was divided into two groups according to IVT use before EVT, and propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the two groups. Primary outcome was the shift in the degree of disability as measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days. Secondary outcomes included favorable outcome (mRS 0–2) at 90 days. Safety outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and 90‐day mortality. Outcomes were estimated with multivariate logistic models adjusted for age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, and time from symptom onset to puncture.ResultsAmong 5,429 patients included in the ETIS registry, 1,093 were included in the study, including 651 patients with complete recanalization treated with IVT before EVT. After PSM, 488 patients treated with IVT before EVT were compared to 337 patients without IVT. In the matched cohort analysis, the IVT+EVT group had a favorable shift in the overall mRS score distribution (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.91, p = 0.023) and higher rates of favorable outcome (61.1% vs 48.7%, aOR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.02–2.20, p = 0.041) at 90 days compared with the EVT alone group. Rates of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage were comparable between both groups (6.0% vs 4.3%, aOR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.53–2.54, p = 0.709).InterpretationIn clinical practice, even after complete angiographic reperfusion by EVT, prior IVT use improves clinical outcomes of patients without increasing bleeding risk. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:762–773
Clinical Issues — January 2024
Authors: Cahn Julie 
Published: December 2023

THIS MONTH
Off‐label medication use and prescribing practices
Key words: off‐label, licensed prescriber, approved, unapproved, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Prophylactic, therapeutic, and empiric use of antimicrobial agents
Key words: prophylactic, therapeutic, empiric, infection, antimicrobial.
Perioperative RN administration of antineoplastic agents
Key words: antineoplastic medication, chemotherapy, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), instillation device, perfusionist.
Minimum efficiency reporting values, parameters, and testing for air filters in heating, ventilation, and air‐conditioning systems
Key words: heating, ventilation, and air‐conditioning (HVAC); minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV); particle size removal efficiency; air filter; filtration.
Study on mechanical properties and fire resistance of porous ceramic silicone rubber
Authors: Min Yuanyuan , Hu Jin , Jin Sha , Hong Ling 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPorous ceramic silicone rubber (PCSR) has an excellent ablative resistance because of its strong carbon layer structure after burning. However, as a marine sealant material, it also needs to have better mechanical properties for better application. In this study, PCSR composites were prepared by compounding with different additives and different viscosity base adhesives, and their fire resistance, tensile properties, and bond strength of multiple substrates at different temperatures were investigated and compared. When the ratio of 20,000 to 80,000 viscosity matrix adhesive is 3:7, the material prepared by adding deketoxime crosslinker and silane coupling agent containing amino and epoxy groups together can reach more than 1.4 MPa tensile shear strength at 150°C. Sintering experiments have shown that PCSR composites can still maintain the strength and integrity of the carbon layer structure, and the results of the A‐60 standard fire resistance test for cable and pipe penetration devices have shown that marine PCSR sealants can effectively prevent flame propagation.
Effects of a liquid metal co‐filler on the properties of epoxy/binary filler composites
Authors: Kim Suyeon , Song Chimin , Kim Suji , Kang Seongeun , Menge Habtamu Gebeyehu , Park Yong Tae , Lee Joohyung 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLiquid metals (LMs) with high fluidity and high thermal conductivity (TC) are receiving considerable attention in the research on thermal management polymer composites as alternatives to conventional rigid solid fillers or as co‐fillers to overcome the trade‐off between TC and composite processability at high filler loads. While most previous studies have investigated the effects of LM fillers in soft elastomeric matrices, their effects on the composite properties with rigid matrices, such as epoxy‐based polymers, have not been discussed extensively. Herein, we investigated the effects of LM eutectic Ga‐In (EGaIn) as a co‐filler on the properties of rigid epoxy‐based composites with a binary filler (Al2O3/EGaIn) system. The increase in the volume fraction of LM fillers significantly improves the processability of uncured precursor composites but markedly decreases the mechanical strength of the cured composites at their high loads—the latter effects have rarely been examined in previous studies. However, with adequate LM loads, the composites exhibited superior mechanical properties compared with the all‐solid‐filler system, withstanding a surprisingly high compressive load (~100 kN) under which the all‐solid‐filler system fractured. Furthermore, the epoxy/binary filler composites exhibited reasonably high TC values (~1 W/mK) comparable to that of commercial epoxy molding compounds, suggesting their potential applicability for electronic packaging.
Limits of mitochondrial genes in delimiting species within a Carbula species complex (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Zhou Jiayue , Wang Shujing , Yu Shengjie , Li Yanfei , Qiao Mu , Zhao Qing , Hughes Edward , Liu Huaxi , Bu Wenjun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMolecular data has become a powerful tool for species delimitation, particularly among those that present limited morphological differences; while the mitochondrial genome, with its moderate length, low cost of sequencing and fast lineage sorting, has emerged as a practical data set. Due to the limited morphological differences among the closely related species of Carbula Stål 1865, the species boundaries between Carbula abbreviata (Motschulsky, 1866), Carbula humerigera (Uhler, 1860), and Carbula putoni (Jakovlev, 1876) have remained particularly unclear. In this study, we applied two phylogenetic reconstruction methods to two data sets (mitogenome and COI) to assess the phylogeny of Carbula distributed in Asia, and five species delimitation methods to determine the boundaries between East Asian Carbula species. Our phylogenetic analyses showed Carbula to be paraphyletic; the seven known species distributed within East Asia to form a single monophyletic group, and within this, C. abbreviata, C. humerigera, C. putoni and middle‐type to comprise a C. humerigera species complex. Our results show that mitogenome data alone, while effective in the differentiation of more distantly related Carbula species, is not sufficient to accurately delimit the species within this newly described complex.
Identification and characteristic analysis of an extracellular signal‐regulated kinase from Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée
Authors: Li Shuzhong , Xu Fuqiang , Zhang Yiqiang , Gao Zupeng , Han Zhaoyang , Feng Congjing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, a critical genetic determinant, controls diverse physiological functions, including innate immunity, development, and stress response. In the current study, a full‐length cDNA (1592bp) encoding the ERK gene (OfERK) was cloned from Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (GenBank accession number: MF797866). The open reading frame of the OfERK gene encoded 364 amino acids and shared 96.43%–98.08% amino acid identities with other insect mitogen‐activated protein kinases. For spatiotemporal analysis of the expression pattern, OfERK exhibited a significant peak expression on the 3rd day of the pupa stage and showed the highest expression in hemocytes specifically. Indirect immunofluorescence assays and immuno‐electron microscopy revealed a wide distribution of the OfERK protein in hemocytes and epidermis. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the Bt Cry1Ab‐activated toxin significantly induces the expression of OfERK. Other genes related to immune response, development, and stress response exhibited dynamic changes in expression after Cry1Ab oral treatment. The expression of OfERK was downregulated through RNA interference, and the correlation of its expression with other related genes was verified using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Our study provides valuable insights into the regulatory mechanism of ERK in insects for future studies.
Synthesis of novel pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinoline derivatives as dual EGFR/HER2 inhibitors as anticancer agents
Authors: Ibrahim Nahla Said M. , Kadry Hanan H. , Zaher Ashraf F. , Mohamed Khaled O. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA series of novel N‐aryl‐5‐aryl‐6,7,8,9‐tetrahydropyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolin‐4‐amines 4a–4l was synthesized as potential anticancer agents through Dimroth rearrangement reaction of intermediates 3a–3c. Pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolines 4a–4l showed promising activity against the Michigan Cancer Foundation‐7 (MCF‐7) cell line, compared with lapatinib as the reference drug. Compounds 4d, 4h, 4i, and 4l demonstrated higher cytotoxic activity than lapatinib, with IC50 values of 2.67, 6.82, 4.31, and 1.62 µM, respectively. Compounds 4d, 4i, and 4l showed promising epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition with IC50 values of 0.065, 0.116, and 0.052 µM, respectively. These compounds were subjected to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) inhibition and showed IC50 values of 0.09, 0.164, and 0.055 µM, respectively. Compounds 4d, 4i, and 4l are good candidates as dual EGFR/HER2 inhibitors. The most active compound, 4l, was subjected to cell‐cycle analysis and induced cell‐cycle arrest at the S phase. Compound 4l induced apoptosis 60‐fold compared with control untreated MCF‐7 cells. 4l can inhibit cancer metastasis. It reduced MCF‐7 cell infiltration and metastasis by 45% compared with control untreated cells.
Microwave‐induced one‐pot synthesis of 3‐imidazolyl indole clubbed 1,2,3‐triazole hybrids as antiproliferative agents and density functional theory study
Authors: Chudasama Dipakkumar D. , Rajput Chetan V. , Patel Manan S. , Parekh Jaydeepkumar N. , Patel Harsh C. , Chikhaliya Navin P. , Puerta Adrián , Padrón José M. , Ram Kesur R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHerein, we outline a highly efficient PEG‐4000‐mediated one‐pot three‐component reaction for the synthesis of 3‐imidazolyl indole clubbed 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives (5a–r) at up to 96% yield as antiproliferative agents. This three‐component protocol offers the advantages of an environmentally benign reaction, excellent yield, quick response time, and operational simplicity triggered by the copper catalyst under microwave irradiation. All the synthesized compounds were tested for antiproliferative activity against six human solid tumor cell lines, that is, A549 and SW1573 (nonsmall cell lung), HBL100 and T‐47D (breast), HeLa (cervix), and WiDr (colon). Among them, six compounds, 5g–j, 5m, and 5p, demonstrated effective antiproliferative action with GI50 values under 10 μM. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed for all the synthesized molecules through geometry optimizations, frontier molecular orbital approach, and molecular electrostatic potential (MESP). The theoretical DFT calculation was performed using the DFT/B3LYP/6‐31+G (d,p) basis set. Moreover, the biological reactivity of all the representative synthesized molecules was compared with the theoretically calculated quantum chemical descriptors and MESP 3D plots. We also investigated the drug‐likeness characteristic and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) prediction. In general, our approach enables environmentally friendly access to 3‐imidazolyl indole clubbed 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives as prospective antiproliferative agents.