bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Various Rifampicin Analogs against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis and their Drug Interactions
Authors: Asif Mohammad , Qusty Naeem F. , Alghamdi Saad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
The success of the TB control program is hampered by the major issue of drug-resistant
tuberculosis (DR-TB). The situation has undoubtedly been made more difficult by the widespread
and multidrug-resistant (XDR) strains of TB. The modification of existing anti-TB medications to
produce derivatives that can function on resistant TB bacilli is one of the potential techniques to
overcome drug resistance affordably and straightforwardly. In comparison to novel pharmaceuticals
for drug research and progress, these may have a better half-life and greater bioavailability, be more
efficient, and serve as inexpensive alternatives. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is drugsusceptible
or drug-resistant, is effectively treated by several already prescribed medications and
their derivatives. Due to this, the current review attempts to give a brief overview of the rifampicin
derivatives that can overcome the parent drug's resistance and could, hence, act as useful substitutes.
It has been found that one-third of the global population is affected by M. tuberculosis. The
most common cause of infection-related death can range from latent TB to TB illness. Antibiotics
in the rifamycin class, including rifampicin or rifampin (RIF), rifapentine (RPT), and others, have a
special sterilizing effect on M. tuberculosis. We examine research focused on evaluating the safety,
effectiveness, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, risk of medication interactions, and other
characteristics of RIF analogs. Drug interactions are especially difficult with RIF because it must be
taken every day for four months to treat latent TB infection. RIF continues to be the gold standard
of treatment for drug-sensitive TB illness. RIF's safety profile is well known, and the two medicines'
adverse reactions have varying degrees of frequency. The authorized once-weekly RPT regimen
is insufficient, but greater dosages of either medication may reduce the amount of time needed
to treat TB effectively.
Synthetic Methods for Various Chromeno-fused Heterocycles and their
Potential as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Agrawal Neetu , Goswami Radhika , Pathak Shilpi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Chromenes are a significant family of heterocyclic chemicals that have a wide range of
biological applications, a simple chemical structure, and only mildly undesirable side effects. The
synthesis of a wide range of chromene analogs that displayed unexpected behaviors via numerous
mechanisms was investigated by a number of different research teams, which led to the discovery
of multiple pathways for their synthesis. In addition, different chromene-fused heterocycles exhibit
a wide variety of fascinating biological actions, including those that are anticancer, anticonvulsant,
antibacterial, anticholinesterase, antituberculosis, and anti-diabetic. In light of this, the
purpose of this study is to highlight the many synthesis techniques and antibacterial activity associated
with chromene-fused heterocyclic compounds. Moreover, such research can open avenues
for exploring other therapeutic applications of these compounds in various disease areas, as their
biological activities extend beyond antibacterial effects.
Prodigiosin: An In-depth Exploration of a Bioactive Compound from
Serratia sp.
Authors: Sahoo Sameer Ranjan , Pradhan Arun Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Background::
The rising interest in natural pigments as alternatives is a result of the
expanding usage of synthetic colorants and the negative consequences that go along with them.
Noble natural pigments with higher stability and productivity are becoming popular in the food
industry, and their diverse biological characteristics make them valuable for pharmaceutical applications.
Microbes, especially gram-negative and positive bacteria, are considered attractive
sources for replacing synthetic dyes. Prodigiosin, a tripyrrole red pigment produced as secondary
metabolites by these bacteria, exhibits unusual properties and has potential as an effective proapoptotic
agent against cancer and multi-drug resistant cells.

Objective::
This review aims to highlight the characteristics of prodigiosin and explore its potential
applications as a therapeutic drug.

Results::
The review investigates the biosynthetic cluster genes of prodigiosin identified using the
EZ-Tn5 transposon approach in different bacteria, including the pig gene cluster in Serratia sp.,
red gene cluster in S. coelicolor, and hap gene cluster in Hahella chejuensis. It is also described
compound nature for producing host survival physiology. Prodigiosin has a common pyrrolyl
Promethean structure and is a member of the tripyrrole family. Numerous tri-pyrrole derivatives
have been used in antibiotics and have demonstrated promise as pro-apoptotic agents against cancer
and drug-resistant cells.

Conclusion::
Prodigiosin is an intriguing subject for investigating biosynthesis and exploitation
through biotechnological methods due to its distinctive properties and potential as a medicinal
medication. Future investigation and bioengineering on producing strains may synthesize functional
derivatives with diverse applications.
Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effects of L-Glu and NAC against CCl4-induced Oxidative Damage in Rats. Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation
Authors: Salyha Nataliya , Salyha Yuriy 
Published: October 2023

Background:The imbalance between free radical formation and antioxidant defence leads to the development of oxidative stress. The search for substances that would mitigate or prevent the effects of oxidative stress remains relevant.Objective:Our goal was to compare the antioxidant and mitigation effects of L-glutamic acid (LGlu) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) alone or in combination using a battery of biomarkers of oxidative stress such as reduced glutathione (GSH) superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione transferase (GST) and lipid peroxidation, determined as a content of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Histopathological examination of the liver was also performed.Methods:Experimental rats were divided into five experimental groups. Exp.1: was treated with CCl4 only, Exp. 2: was treated with CCl4/L-Glu, Exp. 3: was treated with CCl4/Glu/NAC. Exp. 4: was treated with CCl4/NAC, Control 5: served as the control rats.Results:These findings suggest that the CCl4 leads to oxidative stress by depleting the antioxidant enzyme activities and increasing peroxidation products. The studied biochemical parameters were altered by the introduction of CCl4, which was normalised (to one degree or another) by L-Glu, LGlu/ NAC and NAC treatment.Conclusion:The most remarkable protective effect was observed in groups of rats that were treated with L-Glu only. This conclusion was confirmed by histopathological findings which showed less severe hepatocellular necrosis, fibrosis and inflammation in CCl4/L- Glu and CCl4/L-Glu/NAC treated group, compared to the CCl4 group.
Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Estimation of Some Sartans and
their Combinations with Thiazide Diuretics: A Review
Authors: Baviskar Kajal P. , Kachave Ramanlal N. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Sartans are often used as antihypertensives. They are also available in combination
with thiazide diuretics for the management of hypertension. Analytical method development is
a crucial part of successful drug development and characterization. Bioanalytical studies are of
paramount importance while establishing pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic data while forced
degradation studies are important to elucidate degradation pathways and to establish stability of
the drugs.

:
Different methods have been developed for the analysis of sartans and their combination with
thiazide diuretics. We thought it imperative to summarize them so the data could be useful for
analysis of newer sartans. The review describes various methods for analysis of some frequently
employed sartans as well as the latest sartans and their combination with thiazide diuretics.
The article also focuses on their analysis of biological fluids. Forced degradation studies have
also been covered in the article.

:
Article is divided into three sections. First section covers introduction, second section focuses
on different methods developed, including bioanalytical methods, while third section presents
forced degradation studies carried out on the drugs. Important parameters of the analytical
methods developed have been summarized in tabular form.
Development of Simple HPLC-UV Method for the Simultaneous
Determination of Repaglinide, Dexamethasone, and Remdesivir, and its
Application to Synthetic Mixture and Human Plasma
Authors: Smerikarova Miglena , Bozhanov Stanislav , Mateeva Alexandrina , Maslarska Vania 
Published: October 2023

Background::
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic caused numerous difficulties in
the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. A persistent risk of developing
severe complications and increased mortality from the COVID-19 infection has been reported.
In the clinical studies, patients receiving remdesivir and dexamethasone as COVID-19 combination
therapy simultaneously with some type II diabetes therapeutic regimens had been reported
to have a considerably better state and recover faster. Unfortunately, there is not enough
information on the combination of meglitinides, remdesivir, and dexamethasone, and therefore,
careful monitoring of the patients' everyday health condition is needed.

Objectives::
The present study aimed to describe a high-performance liquid chromatographic
method for the determination of repaglinide, dexamethasone, and remdesivir in laboratoryprepared
mixtures and human plasma by UV detection.

Methods::
Isocratic elution of the mobile phase (consisting of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water
and acetonitrile in the ratio 70:30 v/v) was set at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, and the developed
analytical procedure has been found to be fast and simple. Chromatographic determination was
performed on a Purospher® RP – 18 column at room temperature and a UV detector was set at
235 nm.

result:
The developed method was validated for linearity in the range 2-32 μg/ml. Calibration
curves were linear over the selected range with correlation coefficients (R2) greater than 0.996.
The coefficients of variation for intraday and interday assay were <2% and the recovery percentages
from plasma ranged from 93.83 to 106.49%.

Conclusion::
The developed effective and specific method can be applied in routine quality
control and clinical laboratory practice.
NBTI Effect Survey for Low Power Systems in Ultra-Nanoregime
Authors: Kajal  , Sharma Vijay Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Electronic device scaling with the advancement of technology nodes
maintains the performance of the logic circuits with area benefit. Metal oxide semiconductor
(MOS) devices are the fundamental blocks for building logic circuits. Area minimization with
higher efficiency of the circuits motivates the researchers of very large-scale integration (VLSI)
design. Moreover, the reliability of digital circuits is one of the biggest challenges in VLSI technology.
A major issue in reliability is negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) degradation.
NBTI affects the efficiency and reliability of electronic devices

Methods:
This paper presents a review of NBTI physical-based mechanisms. NBTI's impact on
VLSI circuits and techniques has been studied to mitigate and compensate for the effect of
NBTI.

Results:
This review paper presents an idea to relate the NBTI and leakage mitigation techniques.
This study gives an overview of the efficiency, complexity, and overhead of NBTI mitigation
techniques and methodologies.

Conclusion:
This survey provides a brief idea about NBTI degradation by using reliability simulation.
Moreover, the extensive aging effect is discussed in the paper.
Robust Predictive Model for Different Cancers using Biomarker Proteins
Authors: Jain Shruti , Salau Ayodeji Olalekan 
Published: October 2023

Background:
When analyzing multivariate data, it can be challenging to quantify and
pinpoint relationships between a collection of consistent characteristics. Reliable computational
prediction of cancer patient's response to treatment based on their clinical and molecular profiles
is essential in this era of precision medicine. This is essential in helping doctors choose the least
contaminated and most potent restorative therapies that are now available. Better patient monitoring
and selection are now possible in clinical trials.

Methods:
This research proposes a novel robust model to aid in the diagnosis of various cancers
induced by biomarker proteins (Protein Kinase B, MAPK, and mammalian Target of Rapamycin).
Later, various medications (Perifosine, Wortmannin, and Rapamycin) were proposed to
cure cancer. Various studies were carried out to obtain all of the results, which aid in the identification
of various types of cancer. The drugs mentioned in this essay help to ward off cancer.
Scaling and normalization were carried out using parallel coordinates plots and correlation tests,
respectively. The boosted tree method and kNN with multiple distance approaches were also
used to generate a solid model. The medical diagnosis system was enhanced by training the
boosted tree technique to identify various tumors. A robust model was validated by predicting
various values that were displayed against the observed value and agreed with the advised strategy
to locate biomarkers to show the value of our method.

Results:
The results show that the predicted and observed values agree with each other, especially
for MAPK pathways. The observed correlation coefficient (r2) is 0.9847 without intercept
and 0.9849 with intercept. The precise computational prediction of the reaction of cancer patients
to treatment based on the patient's clinical and molecular profiles is vital in the period of
exactitude medicine.

Conclusion:
A robust model was validated by predicting the different values that were plotted
with the observed value, which agrees with the results of the proposed technique to uncover biomarkers
and shows the effectiveness of our technique.
Tumor Organoid as a Drug Screening Platform for Cancer Research
Authors: Arani Reyhaneh Mahbubi , Yousefi Niloufar , Hamidieh Amir Ali , Gholizadeh Fatemeh , Sisakht Mahsa Mollapour 
Published: October 2023

:
A number of studies have been conducted on the application of 3D models for drug discovery,
drug sensitivity assessment, and drug toxicity. Most of these studies focused on disease
modelling and attempted to control cellular differentiation, heterogeneity, and key physiological
features to mimic organ reconstitution so that researchers could achieve an accurate response in drug
evaluation. Recently, organoids have been used by various scientists due to their highly organotypic
structure, which facilitates the translation from basic research to the clinic, especially in cancer research.
With this tool, researchers can perform high-throughput analyses of compounds and determine
the exact effect on patients based on their genetic variations, as well as develop personalized
and combination therapies. Although there is a lack of standardization in organoid culture, patientderived
organoids (PDOs) have become widely established and used for drug testing. In this review,
we have discussed recent advances in the application of organoids and tumoroids not only in cancer
research for drug screening but also in clinical trials to demonstrate the potential of organoids in
translational medicine.
An Antidepressant Drug Increased TRAIL Receptor-2 Expression and Sensitized
Lung Cancer Cells to TRAIL-induced Apoptosis
Authors: Zinnah Kazi Mohammad Ali , Newaz Munna Ali , Seol Jae-Won , Park Byung-Yong , Park Sang-Youel 
Published: October 2023

Background::
TRAIL has emerged as a promising therapeutic target due to its ability to selectively
induce apoptosis in cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Autophagy, a highly regulated cellular recycling
mechanism, is known to play a cell survival role by providing a required environment for the cell. Recent studies
suggest that autophagy plays a significant role in increasing TRAIL resistance in certain cancer cells. Thus, regulating
autophagy in TRAIL-mediated cancer therapy is crucial for its role in cancer treatment.

Objective::
Our study explored whether the antidepressant drug desipramine could enhance the ability of TRAIL
to kill cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy.

Methods::
The effect of desipramine on TRAIL sensitivity was examined in various lung cancer cell lines. Cell
viability was measured by morphological analysis, trypan blue exclusion, and crystal violet staining. Flow cytometry
analysis was carried out to measure apoptosis with annexin V-PI stained cells. Western blotting, rtPCR, and
immunocytochemistry were carried out to measure autophagy and death receptor expression. TEM was carried
out to detect autophagy inhibition.

Results::
Desipramine treatment increased the TRAIL sensitivity in all lung cancer cell lines. Mechanistically,
desipramine treatment induced death receptor expression to increase TRAIL sensitivity. This effect was confirmed
when the genetic blockade of DR5 reduced the effect of desipramine in enhanced TRAIL-mediated cell
death. Further investigation revealed that desipramine treatment increased the LC3 and p62 levels, indicating the
inhibition of lysosomal degradation of autophagy. Notably, TRAIL, in combination with either desipramine or the
autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity compared to TRAIL treatment alone.

Conclusion::
Our findings revealed the potential of desipramine to induce TRAIL-mediated cell death by autophagy
impairment. This discovery suggests its therapeutic potential for inducing TRAIL-mediated cell death by
increasing the expression of death receptors, which is caused by impairing autophagy.
Lipotoxicity, ER Stress, and Cardiovascular Disease: Current Understanding and Future Directions
Authors: Shreya Smriti , Alam Md. Jahangir , Anupriya  , Jaiswal Saumya , Rani Vibha , Jain Buddhi Prakash 
Published: October 2023

:
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a sub-cellular organelle that is responsible for the
correct folding of proteins, lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage, and various post-translational
modifications. In the disturbance of ER functioning, unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate
inside the ER lumen and initiate downstream signaling called unfolded protein response (UPR).
The UPR signaling pathway is involved in lipolysis, triacylglycerol synthesis, lipogenesis, the
mevalonate pathway, and low-density lipoprotein receptor recycling. ER stress also affects lipid
metabolism by changing the levels of enzymes that are involved in the synthesis or modifications
of lipids and causing lipotoxicity. Lipid metabolism and cardiac diseases are in close association
as the deregulation of lipid metabolism leads to the development of various cardiovascular
diseases (CVDs). Several studies have suggested that lipotoxicity is one of the important factors
for cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we will discuss how ER stress affects lipid metabolism
and their interplay in the development of cardiovascular disorders. Further, the current
therapeutics available to target ER stress and lipid metabolism in various CVDs will be summarized.
The Effectiveness of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treating
Apraxia
Authors: AlRuwaili Asma , Fatima Rida , Hussain Amal , Uzair Mohammad , Abualait Turki , Imdad Kaleem , Bashir Shahid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Apraxia can be detected when engaging in mental motor envisioning exercises. The nonverbal
skills of manufacturing, representation, strategizing, arithmetic, visual sensitivity, and motor
skills are all related to apraxia. Limb apraxia also negatively affects communication gestures and
linguistic skills. The impairment of brain regions related to motion patterns is the primary cause of
apraxia. People with apraxia may struggle to complete a variety of tasks because they are unable to
focus on various movements. Apraxia can result from injury to the premotor cortex since it has a role
in the left hemisphere-dependent selection of movements. Cognitive and complicated motor system
deficits are hallmarks of the corticobasal syndrome. Apraxia of the limbs and visuospatial abnormalities
are typical clinical types. TMS was used to study these problems; however, no research was done
on the relationship between TMS parameters and clinical types. It is possible for changes in brain activity
to last a long time when repetitive TMS (rTMS) is utilized. Electromyography shows that noninvasive
TMS of the motor cortex causes target muscle spasms (MEP). The human motor cortex is a
part of the cerebral cortex that is involved in the organization, management, and execution of voluntary
movements. TMS and other neuroimaging techniques are frequently used to identify changes in
this region. Cortical motor excitability varies among different diagnoses; therefore, it is important to
determine the effectiveness of TMS. Therefore, this study aims to review the causes and neurophysiological
simulation of apraxia along with the principles and effects of TMS on apraxia.
Memory Reflections of the Microbiota-Gut and Oligodendrocyte Axis
Authors: Ray Suman  Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Memory is the persisting consequence of cognitive activities instigated by and engrossed
on exterior information from the environment and commenced by an intensive on internal mental
representations. Establishing a gut-brain axis (GBA) in health and disease has recently brought the
gut, the main portal of communication with the external environment, to the forefront of this interaction.
Dietary stimuli have long been linked to brain development, behavioral responses, and memory
reflections. Vagus nerve, immune system, bacterial metabolites and products are just a few of the
linkages that make up the GBA, a bidirectional arrangement of signaling pathways that connects the
neurological system with the gastrointestinal tract. GBA involves two-way communication between
central and enteric neural systems, connecting the brain's affective and cognitive regions to peripheral
activities of the intestine. Recent scientific progress has highlighted the significance of gut microbiota
in affecting these relationships. By controlling myelination at the prefrontal cortex, a crucial
area for multifaceted cognitive behavior forecast and decision-making, this axis influences social
behavior, including memory reflections. Humans may experience late myelination of the prefrontal
cortex's axonal projections into the third decade of life, making it vulnerable to outside factors like
microbial metabolites. It has been demonstrated that changes in the gut microbiome can change the
microbial metabolome's composition, impacting highly permeable bioactive chemicals like p-cresol
that may hinder oligodendrocyte differentiation. This review will discuss the memory reflections of
the microbiota-gut and oligodendrocyte axis. Adopting this concept should encourage a new arena of
thinking that recognizes the intricate central and periphery dynamics influencing behavior and uses
that knowledge to develop novel therapies and interventions for maladjusted memory and learning
systems.