bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of microsatellite analysis in young patients with colorectal cancer to identify those with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
Authors: Ikenaga Masakazu , Tomita Naohiro , Sekimoto Mitsugu , Ohue Masayuki , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Miyake Yasuhiro , Mishima Hideyuki , Nishisho Isamu , Kikkawa Nobuteru , Monden Morito 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) in young patients with colorectal cancer was evaluated, including reexamination of the medical and family history of each patient, and interviews with the patients to determine any possible new occurrence of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) in the patients themselves or their family members.MethodsFifty‐three young patients (younger than 40 years of age) with colorectal cancer were selected and investigated. DNA was extracted from paraffin sections and microsatellite analysis was performed.ResultsThe frequency of MSI among the young patients with colorectal cancer was 50.9%, which was significantly higher than the rate of 12–21% noted in older patients with colorectal cancer (P < 0.001). For the 24 young patients with colorectal cancer who did not have MSI, only one case of HNPCC kindred and two cases with a family history of cancer were identified. In contrast, among the 20 young patients with colorectal cancer who had MSI, five cases of HNPCC kindred, two cases with metachronous patients with colorectal cancer, and three cases with a family history of cancer were identified.ConclusionOur results suggest that a defect in the DNA mismatch repair system may play some role in carcinogenesis in young patients with colorectal cancer. Microsatellite analysis and subsequent interviews regarding medical and family history are useful tools for efficiently identifying possible cases of HNPCC among young patients with colorectal cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;79:157–165. © 2002 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
Cellular manifestations of human papillomavirus infection in laryngeal tissues
Authors: Jacob Sajini Elizabeth , Sreevidya S. , Chacko Elizabeth , Pillai M. Radhakrishna 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough epidemiologic studies have suggested human papillomavirus (HPV) to be an etiological agent in laryngeal carcinogenesis, little is known on the cellular manifestations of HPV infection in these tumors. In this study, we investigated the frequency of HPV infection in various neoplastic and non‐neoplastic laryngeal tissue and its association with expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the tumor suppressor protein p53.MethodsTissues were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of HPV and by immunocytochemistry for the expression of p53 and PCNA.ResultsNone of the six normal laryngeal tissues showed the presence of HPV. Thirteen out of the 16 papillomas were positive for HPV, while 15 out of the 44 invasive cancers were HPV positive. PCNA expression increased as the lesion progressed through increasing histological abnormality (r = 0.64400, P = 0.00000). The correlation between the type of laryngeal neoplasm and p53 accumulation was significant (r = 0.54839, P = 0.00000). Significant correlation was also evident between presence of HPV and p53 accumulation (r = 0.34259, P = 0.00424) and PCNA expression (r = 0.036024, P = 0.00266) indicating that HPV positive tumors showed significant p53 accumulation and increased proliferation.There was also correlation between p53 and PCNA expression (r = 0.67475, P = 0.00000) indicating that in all tumors with p53 accumulation, there was a corresponding increase in PCNA expression.ConclusionsThe results suggests that changes in p53 and PCNA expression may be associated with HPV infection, and could play a role in laryngeal carcinogenesis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;79:142–150. © 2002 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
A compact dual‐interleaved printed antenna
Authors: Kan H. K. , Pavlickovski D. , Waterhouse R. B. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA novel, compact dual‐interleaved printed antenna is presented. The antenna consists of two interleaved L‐shaped shorted patches with the required feed network etched on a high‐dielectric‐constant substrate located below the ground plane of the antenna. A 10‐dB return loss impedance bandwidth of 16.9% has been achieved. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 0.2λ0 × 0.15λ0 × 0.10λ0. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 501–503, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20515
Value of surveillance imaging in the management of medulloblastoma
Authors: Yalçın Bilgehan , Büyükpamukçu Münevver , Akalan Nejat , Cila Ayşenur , Kutluk M. Tezer , Akyüz Canan 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the value of surveillance scanning for the detection of recurrences in medulloblastoma.ProcedureThe charts of 95 patients with medulloblastoma were retrospectively reviewed. Information regarding the patient characteristics, treatment modalities, dates, types and results of CT and MRI studies, the frequency with which recurrences were identified on surveillance images, changes in patient management, outcome of the patients following recurrences, and survival data were analyzed.ResultsThirty‐one patients had a recurrence of tumor in the central nervous system; none experienced extraneural relapses. Of all recurrences, 21 were symptomatic and 10 were discovered by surveillance scans asymptomatically. None of the patients with a recurrence survived. For all 95 patients, 5‐year overall and event‐free survival rates were 47.1 and 49.8%, respectively. In patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic recurrences, the mean time to recurrence since initial diagnosis, the mean duration of survival post‐recurrence, and the mean duration of overall follow‐up were 19.2 and 26.1 months, 3.6 and 8.0 months, and 22.8 and 34.1 months, respectively. For 95 patients, 468 surveillance and 38 symptomatic images were reviewed as 313 CTs and 193 MRIs. Rate of diagnosis of recurrence per surveillance image was 2.1% (10/468).ConclusionsIn our study, surveillance scanning brought no survival advantage since it detected a minority of recurrences. Longer survival achieved by early detection of recurrences might be a reflection of lead‐time and length biases. Surveillance procedures will gain more importance as new effective therapeutic options are developed for recurrent medulloblastoma. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;38:91–97. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic impact of molecular genetic alterations in hepatoblastoma
Authors: von Schweinitz Dietrich , Kraus Jürgen A. , Albrecht Steffen , Koch Arend , Fuchs Jörg , Pietsch Torsten 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundDuring recent years, we identified characteristic genetic alterations in sporadic hepatoblastoma (HB). These include loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the chromosomal region 11p15.5, LOH on chromosome arms 1p and 1q, activating mutations in exon 3 of the β‐catenin gene, as well as overexpression of the c‐met oncogene, which encodes the hepatocyte growth factor receptor. We now wanted to evaluate the prognostic relevance of these abnormalities concerning the outcome in a large group of patients.ProcedureAll but 7 of 56 patients with HB were treated either with primary resection for small tumors, or neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy with ifosfamide, cisplatin and doxorubicin (IPA) before delayed surgery in case of extended disease and additional adjuvant IPA therapy in all cases. Seven tumors were primarily resected and adjuvantly treated with different cytotoxic drugs. LOH 11p15.5, LOH 1p, and LOH 1q were detected in tumor tissue in comparison to normal liver and/or peripheral blood leukocytes by PCR based microsatellite analysis. Beta‐catenin mutations were analysed with SSCP, deletion screening and direct sequencing. RT‐PCR was used for identification of c‐met mRNA overexpression. The results were correlated with the tumors' stage, histological type and epithelial differentiation, as well as with the patients' outcome.ResultsOverall disease‐free survival after median follow‐up of 5 years was 43/56 patients (77%). LOH 11p15.5 was found in 15/56, LOH1p in 11/53, LOH1q in 7/53 and β‐catenin mutations in 25/55 HB. 13/23 HB had a c‐met overexpression. LOH 11p15.5 and LOH 1p were significantly more often found in embryonal HB, while there was no correlation of other genetic alterations with histological type or differentiation. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed no correlation of any of these disorders with initial tumor stage, nor with the patients' outcome.ConclusionNone of the investigated molecular genetic alterations are suited to serve as a prognostic indicator in HB. Further investigations, especially genetic screening of tumor tissue may reveal prognostic markers for this neoplasm. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;38:104–108. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors for treatment of experimental autoimmune neuritis
Authors: Miyamoto Katsuichi , Oka Nobuyuki , Kawasaki Teruaki , Miyake Sachiko , Yamamura Takashi , Akiguchi Ichiro 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe analyzed two new cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitors, celecoxib (SC‐58635) and meloxicam, for the treatment of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) in rats. Celecoxib and meloxicam significantly reduced clinical EAN score and histopathological damage of the sciatic nerve. They induced no serious side effects, whereas indomethacin used as a control caused severe intestinal ulceration and dysfunction of liver and kidney. These findings suggest that the new COX‐2 inhibitors may be useful as additional therapeutic agents for patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 280–282, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10019
Running endurance abnormality in mdx mice
Authors: Hara Hajime , Nolan Patrick M. , Scott Marion O. , Bucan Maja , Wakayama Yoshihiro , Fischbeck Kenneth H. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe mdx mouse lacks dystrophin and has histological features of Duchenne muscular dystrophy but little weakness in the first year of life. We report here an early deficit in voluntary wheel running, as assayed with a computerized wheel. All mdx mice showed an intermittent running pattern, in contrast to the continuous running seen in controls. The average continuous running time differed significantly between mdx and control mice at all ages tested (5–21 weeks). This assay is noninvasive, has the advantage of unbiased automatic data collection, and should be useful for quantifying the mdx deficit in therapeutic studies. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 207–211, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10021
Symmetry of nerve conduction studies in different stages of diabetic polyneuropathy
Authors: Perkins Bruce A. , Ngo Mylan , Bril Vera 
Published: October 2004

AbstractNerve conduction studies (NCS) in diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) are sensitive, noninvasive, and associated with small coefficients of variation, and correlate well with underlying peripheral nerve morphological change. For these reasons, the current reference standard for DSP involves multivariate instruments that emphasize NCS results. However, the interside symmetry of NCS findings in different stages of DSP are unknown, although requirement for symmetry has been suggested in clinical trials of DSP. We therefore aimed to determine the degree of symmetry of NCS findings in DSP of differing severity stages. A cohort of diabetic patients, including patients without neuropathy and those with mild to severe DSP, was studied. We also studied a series of nondiabetic, healthy subjects. A variation of stratified sampling by means of a clinical neuropathy score ensured that a broad spectrum of neuropathy was studied. A total of 478 subjects was ascertained; patient accrual was discontinued when the smallest clinical group consisted of 50 subjects. Nerve conduction studies were conducted prospectively and in a blinded fashion using surface recordings, averaging for sensory action potentials, control of limb temperature, and standardized techniques. Median and ulnar motor and sensory, peroneal and tibial motor, and sural NCS were performed. Interside symmetry, independent of neuropathy severity, was observed for all investigated nerves, except for the median sensory nerve action potential amplitude, which was lower on the right side. These results confirm that abnormal NCS findings consistent with DSP are reliably symmetrical with the exception of the amplitude of the median sensory nerve action potential. Thus, unilateral evaluation of NCS in DSP is sufficient as a reference standard in clinical trials. We also conclude that great degrees of asymmetry in NCS results are reason to question inclusion of DSP patients in clinical trials. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 212–217, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10044
Altered mandibular development precedes the time of palate closure in mice homozygous for disproportionate micromelia: An oral clefting model supporting the Pierre‐Robin sequence
Authors: Ricks James E. , Ryder Victoria M. , Bridgewater Laura C. , Schaalje Bruce , Seegmiller Robert E. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundDevelopment of the human craniofacial anatomy involves a number of interrelated, genetically controlled components. The complexity of the interactions between these components suggests that interference with the spaciotemporal interaction of the expanding tongue and elongating Meckel's cartilage correlates with the appearance of cleft palate. Mice homozygous for the semi‐dominant Col2a1 mutation Disproportionate micromelia (Dmm), presenting at birth with both cleft palate and micrognathia, provide the opportunity to test the hypothesis that mandibular growth retardation coincides with formation of the secondary palate as predicted from our understanding of the Pierre Robin sequence. The present study was conducted in embryonic day 14 (E14) mice, 1 day before palate closure, to describe the relationship between growth of the lower jaw/tongue complex versus genotype of the embryo.MethodsWhole heads, isolated from E14.25, E14.5 and E14.75 wild‐type and homozygous mutant embryos, were fixed in Bouin's solution, embedded in paraffin, and serially sectioned. Mid‐sagittal sections, stained with toluidine blue, were used to estimate growth of both tongue and lower jaw (Meckel's cartilage length) during a 12‐hr period preceding palate closure.ResultsIn control embryos, the largest increase in Meckel's cartilage length occurred between E14.5 and E14.75. Compared to control, the mean Meckel's cartilage length in the mutant was similar at E14.25, but was significantly less at E14.5 and E14.75. Absolute tongue size in control embryos increased linearly during this period of E14.25 to E14.75. Relative to the rapidly growing Meckel's cartilage, however, relative tongue size in control embryos actually decreased over time. Absolute tongue size in the mutant was not significantly different from that of control at any of the embryonic stages examined, however, relative tongue size in the mutant was significantly greater at E14.75 compared to control.ConclusionMandibular growth retardation, coupled with relative macroglossia in E14 Dmm/Dmm mice, suggests that the concerted development of the palate and lower jaw complex in the mutant is aberrant. Detection of micrognathia and pseudomacroglossia in homozygotes, before the time of palate closure, supports the hypothesis that a relationship exists between growth retardation of Meckel's cartilage and malformation of the secondary palate, as predicted by the Pierre‐Robin sequence. Teratology 65:116–120, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
360‐Degree Canalith Repositioning Procedure for the Horizontal Canal
Authors: Tirelli Giancarlo , Russolo M. 
Published: October 2004

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the efficacy of modifications to the standard canalith repositioning procedure (CRP) in the treatment of benign positional vertigo (BPV) of the horizontal semicircular canal (HSC).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGProspective trial of 72 patients with BPV of the HSC treated with a modified 360‐degree CRP.RESULTS51 of the 62 patients treated for canalolithiasis made a complete recovery (82.2%) after a single 360‐degree CRP.CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCEIt is proposed a full 360‐degree rotation of the HSC involved. It is essential to begin rotation of the patient departing from the affected side towards the healthy side, especially for canal side cupulolithiasis and for canalithiasis of the ampullar branch of the HSC. The head resting on the chest at angle of 30‐degree during rotating encourages free‐floating debris in the HSC to move into the utricle. Instead of using an oscillator for oscillation of the mastoid bone the head is shaken manually.
Correlation of Histopathological Variants, Cellular DNA Content, and Clinical Outcome in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Salivary Glands
Authors: Enamorado Ileana , Lakhani Raam , Korkmaz Hakan , Yoo George H. , Del Mar Alonso Maria , Pietraszkiewicz Haline , Maciorowski Zosia , Kim Harold , Kucuk Omer , Jacobs John R. , Ensley John F. 
Published: October 2004

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between flow cytometrically measured DNA ploidy with prognostically important histopathologic groups and clinical outcome in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands.STUDY DESIGN46 tumor specimens were analyzed flow cytometrically for DNA content and assessed for histological grade. Correlations were made between tumor DNA ploidy and histopathological grade, and disease‐free and overall survival of these patients.RESULTSOf the 46 patients, 31 had a cribiform/tubular histologic pattern, and 15 had a solid pattern. 84% of the tumors with cribriform/tubular pattern were DNA diploid, compared with 33% of tumors that were graded solid. This difference proved to be statistically significant (χ211.75, P = 0.0006). Overall and disease‐free survival periods were longer for patients with DNA diploid tumors in both groups, 63% vs. 36% and 62% vs 38%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSTumor DNA ploidy correlates with prognostically important tumor histopathology as well as overall and disease‐free survival in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland. EBM rating: B‐3.
Molecular Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Detecting LMP‐1 and EBNA by Nasopharyngeal Swab
Authors: Hao Sheng‐Po , Tsang Ngan‐Ming , Chang Kai‐Ping , Ueng Shir‐Hwa 
Published: October 2004

OBJECTIVESThe aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of molecular diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by combining nasopharyngeal swab and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) derived latent membrane protein‐1 gene (LMP‐1) and Epstein‐Barr nuclear antigen gene (EBNA).METHODS437 adults underwent nasopharyngoscopy, possible biopsy, and nasopharyngeal swab to obtain nasopharyngeal cells for the detection of LMP‐1 and EBNA by PCR.RESULTSBy detecting LMP‐1 and EBNA in the nasopharyngeal swabs, NPC could be diagnosed with a false‐positive rate of 1.7% (6/354), a false‐negative rate of 8.6% (6/70), a sensitivity of 91.4% (64/70), a specificity of 98.3% (348/354), positive predictive value of 91.4% (64/70), and negative predictive value of 98.3% (348/354).CONCLUSIONDetecting EBV genomic LMP‐1 and EBNA by nasopharyngeal swab verifies NPC with a sensitivity of 91.4% and specificity of 98.3%. The nasopharyngeal swab coupled with PCR based EBV LMP‐1 and EBNA detection could serve as a good supplement to pathological diagnosis of NPC.
Safety and Efficacy of Radioallergosorbent Test‐Based Allergen Imunotherapy in Treatment of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma
Authors: Yeoh Kian Hian , Wang De Yun , Gordon Bruce R. 
Published: October 2004

OBJECTIVEThis study was undertaken to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of in vitro, radioallergosorbent test (RAST)‐based inhalant allergen immunotherapy.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGProspective 22 year single site clinical study, with outcome evaluations of 480 perennial allergic rhinitis patients, including 96 with concomitant asthma.RESULTSRhinitis symptom control after 2 years of immunotherapy was excellent in 32.5% of patients, good in 45.6%, and fair in 14.2%. There was no improvement in 7.7%. For patients with asthma, 81% had good or excellent pulmonary symptom improvement, and no patient failed to improve. No severe reactions occurred, but there were 5 limited systemic reactions, or 0.008% of injections, during a 2.5‐year mean immunotherapy treatment course.CONCLUSIONRAST‐based immunotherapy is safe and effective for patients with perennial allergic rhinitis, with or without concomitant asthma.SIGNIFICANCEThis is the first large, multiyear study of safety and efficacy of RAST‐based immunotherapy for treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis and asthma. EBM rating: C.
Contact Diode Laser Tonsillectomy in Children
Authors: D'eredità Riccardo , Marsh Roger R. 
Published: October 2004

OBJECTIVETo compare contact diode laser (CDL) tonsillectomy to monopolar cautery (MPC) with regard to pain and other morbidity during recovery.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGSingle‐blind, randomized trial in a tertiary‐care pediatric hospital. Tonsillectomy was performed by CDL in 30 children and by MPC in 28. Parents completed a daily questionnaire for 10 days after surgery.RESULTSThere was significantly less pain in the CDL group than in the MPC group. The CDL group also required much less medication, and was much less likely to experience multiple awakenings (P < 0.001 for all comparisons).CONCLUSIONRecovery after CDL tonsillectomy was associated with much less pain and discomfort than after MPC surgery.SIGNIFICANCEPostoperative pain is a major concern for surgeons, patients, and their parents. The long recovery period also has costs in school days missed for the child and work missed for the parents. CDL tonsillectomy may greatly mitigate these burdens.
Protein Nitration in Chronic Sinusitis and Nasal Polyposis: Role of Eosinophils
Authors: Bernardes Julio Freire , Shan Jichuan , Tewfik Marc , Hamid Qutayba , Frenkiel Saul , Eidelman David H. 
Published: October 2004

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the possible role of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) in 3‐nitrotyrosine (3NT) formation.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGObservational study employing immunocytochemistry to assess the presence of 3NT, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), eosinophils, mast cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in ethmoid sinus mucosal biopsies from normal controls and subjects with allergic and nonallergic chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis.RESULTS3NT was more evident in biopsies from sinusitis patients (2.67 ± 0.14, n = 21) than in healthy mucosa (0.43 ± 0.2, n = 7, P < 0.01), but scores in atopic and nonatopic subjects were similar. Colocalization studies confirmed that 3NT was largely confined to eosinophils. No relationship was found between 3NT and other immune cells. 3NT detection was not correlated with the amount of immunostaining for iNOS.SIGNIFICANCEChronic sinusitis is accompanied by 3NT formation, which is largely restricted to the eosinophils, and likely driven by the action of eosinophil peroxidase, rather than by nitric oxide levels. EBM rating: B‐2.