bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral Thiourea Catalyzed Enantioselective Cascade Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydrobenzofurans
Authors: Kumari Akanksha , Jain Anshul , Rana Nirmal K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe established an efficient asymmetric cascade pathway for the construction of trans‐2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans. This reaction proceeds via a Michael addition followed by an oxa‐substitution, employing in‐situ generated pyridinium ylide and ortho‐hydroxy chalcone derivatives in the presence of a chiral thiourea catalyst at ambient temperature. This method accomplishes good to excellent yields and adequate stereoselectivity, with up to 84 % ee and >20 : 1 diastereomeric ratio. A key advantage of this cascade [4+1] annulation approach is its ability to construct chiral DHBs under mild conditions with notable yields and selectivity.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Fluorinated Pyrimidine Derivatives from Aldehydes by Photocatalytic α‐Perfluoroalkenylation
Authors: Zhu Yu‐Jun , Czekelius Constantin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA straightforward, operationally simple and inexpensive one‐pot synthesis of substituted 4‐perfluoroalkyl‐pyrimidine derivatives is reported. Employing triphenylphosphine as a photocatalyst and an additional imidazolidinone organocatalyst, aldehydes undergo α‐perfluoroalkenylation giving highly electron‐deficient enals, which form the heterocycle upon condensation with a guanidinium salt. The method tolerates many functional groups and gives the corresponding products in up to 84 % yield over both steps.
Rapid riparian vegetation development and channel stabilization linked to glacier retreat within a large transboundary watershed
Authors: Whited Diane , Pitman Kara J. , Moore Jonathan W. , Sergeant Christopher J. , Sexton Erin , Connor Mark 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRiver floodplains are dynamic mosaics of aquatic and riparian habitats maintained by flow regimes and sediment processes, but these floodplains may be rapidly shifting with climate change. Specifically, previous work has highlighted that glacier retreat can be associated with river channel and floodplain change. Within a large and glacially influenced watershed, the Taku Watershed of northwestern British Columbia and southeastern Alaska, we used remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) to quantify four decades of annual floodplain habitat composition and river channel patterns in 16 subwatersheds that naturally varied in their glacier coverage and other landscape (e.g., floodplain elevation, slope) and climate variables (e.g., temperature, precipitation). We discovered rapid development of floodplain vegetation and increased habitat stability in subwatersheds with higher glacial coverage, and a lack of directional change in other subwatersheds. Floodplain vegetation coverage almost doubled over 38 years in subwatersheds with the highest glacier coverage. Focal analyses revealed that river channel structure also shifted in glacierized subwatersheds, with decreases in habitat turnover rate, water occupancy and some evidence for decreasing levels of channel braiding. A large landslide (1.5 km runout, 130 ha) during the study period caused a local disturbance to one of the floodplains, but with little immediate broader impacts at the scale of the entire floodplain. Collectively, climate change and associated glacier retreat are leading to the rapid transformation of floodplain ecosystems, with major implications for the habitat of important species such as migratory salmon.
Development of Heuristic Strategy With Hybrid Encryption for Energy Efficient and Secure Data Storage Scheme in Blockchain‐Based Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Matrouk Khaled M. , Rasappan Punithavathi , Bhutani Priyanka , Mittal Shikha , Nisha A. Sahaya Anselin , Konduru Reddy Madhavi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInternet of Things (IoT) devices is extensively employed to collect physiological health data and provide diverse services to end‐users. Nevertheless, in recent applications, cloud computing‐based IoT proves beneficial for standard data storage and ensuring high‐security information sharing. Due to limitations in battery capacity, storage, and computing power, IoT devices are often considered resource‐constrained. Consequently, data signing by IoT devices, aimed at ensuring data integrity and authentication, typically demands significant computational resources. Unsafe data storage and high latency are considered as the major issues in the IoT‐based data storage mechanism for duplicating and misusing the information while it is stored in the cloud database. Hence, blockchain technologies are needed to provide high security over the stored data. Hence, the research aimed to implement an efficient blockchain‐based data storage system in mobile edge computing, safeguarding data from unauthorized access. In this approach, it contains four layers that are cloud layer, the entity layer, the block‐chain layer, and the edge computing layer. The user's data are stored in the optimal location in the entity layer, where the data storing location is find out using the proposed Hybrid Battle Royale with Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (HBRAOA). In the edge computing layer, an optimal key‐based homomorphic encryption algorithm using Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is introduced to encrypt data with the most optimal key, ensuring secure storage. This encryption method leverages the same HBRAOA to enhance the efficiency. Next, the digital signature is demonstrated to give the authorization of the user, and it is distributed to the blockchain layer. Thus, the indexes of the shared data are stored in the blockchain layer to avoid fault tolerance and tamper‐proofing. Finally, the cloud layer receives the valuable encrypted data, and the authenticated users with known encrypted keys are able to access the data by decrypting them. The result analysis shows that the performance of the developed model, which attains 27%, 98%, 35%, and 18% enhanced than Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)‐ECC, Black Widow Optimization (BWO)‐ECC, Battle Royale Optimization (BRO)‐ECC and Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (AOA)‐ECC. The efficiency of the proposed blockchain‐based mobile edge computing scheme with the optimization strategy is validated by conducting several similarity measures over the conventional methods.
Deciphering the Neural Effects of Emotional, Motivational, and Cognitive Challenges on Inhibitory Control Processes
Authors: Bounoua Nadia , Stumps Anna , Church Leah , Spielberg Jeffrey M. , Sadeh Naomi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTConverging lines of research indicate that inhibitory control is likely to be compromised in contexts that place competing demands on emotional, motivational, and cognitive systems, potentially leading to damaging impulsive behavior. The objective of this study was to identify the neural impact of three challenging contexts that typically compromise self‐regulation and weaken impulse control. Participants included 66 healthy adults (M/SDage = 29.82/10.21 years old, 63.6% female) who were free of psychiatric disorders and psychotropic medication use. Participants completed a set of novel Go/NoGo (GNG) paradigms in the scanner, which manipulated contextual factors to induce (i) aversive emotions, (ii) appetitive drive, or (iii) concurrent working memory load. Voxelwise analysis of neural activation during each of these tasks was compared to that of a neutral GNG task. Findings revealed differential inhibition‐related activation in the aversive emotions and appetitive drive GNG tasks relative to the neutral task in frontal, parietal and temporal cortices, suggesting emotional and motivational contexts may suppress activation of these cortical regions during inhibitory control. In contrast, the GNG task with a concurrent working memory load showed widespread increased activation across the cortex compared to the neutral task, indicative of enhanced recruitment of executive control regions. Results suggest the neural circuitry recruited for inhibitory control varies depending on the concomitant emotional, motivational, and cognitive demands of a given context. This battery of GNG tasks can be used by researchers interested in studying unique patterns of neural activation associated with inhibitory control across three clinically relevant contexts that challenge self‐regulation and confer risk for impulsive behavior.
New Zealand Early Learning Service Menus Do Not Meet Health New Zealand Guidelines for Providing Healthy Menus and Reducing Food‐Related Choking in Children
Authors: Hall Olivia , Ali Ajmol , Wham Carol 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess alignment of food and drinks served to New Zealand (NZ) children in early learning services (ELS) with the Health NZ (formerly known as Ministry of Health) Healthy Food and Drink (HFD) and Reducing Food Related Choking (choking) guidance.MethodsMenus (271) collected remotely from 148 ELS from November 2020–March 2021 were analysed for their nutritional quality based on a ‘traffic light’ classification of ‘green’ (most nutritious), ‘amber’ (moderately nutritious) and ‘red’ (least nutritious) based on the guidance.ResultsOverall, 2.6% of menus met the guidance, and alignment was greater for menus for over 2‐year‐olds (over‐2s) than under 2‐year‐olds (under‐2s; p < 0.01). One‐fifth (18.5%) of menus met the choking guidance. Services with a Healthy Heart Award (HHA) from the Heart Foundation provided more ‘green’ items to over‐2s (p = 0.039) and under‐2s (p = 0.01), and less ‘red’ items to over‐2s (p = 0.04). Providing more green menu items was inversely correlated with providing less high choking risk foods (p < 0.01). Menu scores did not vary by service location, neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation or type (services operating independently versus those part of an education group chain).ConclusionsAlignment with Health NZ nutritional guidance is low, particularly in ELS caring for very young children (under‐2s). Service characteristics, except for HHA status, are a poor predictor of nutritional quality of menus at ELS.So WhatGreater uptake of the HHA scheme could assist ELS to provide healthier food and drinks. Early learning services need further support from the public health sector to implement national nutritional guidelines.
Defining Health Management: A Conceptual Foundation for Excellence Through Efficiency, Sustainability and Equity
Authors: Valiotis George , Buttigieg Sandra C. , Cicchetti Americo , Dang Rui , Jamshed Nabil , Jevtic Marija , Magalhães Teresa , Nies Henk , Pferzinger Mangfred , Santana Rui , Correia Tiago , Weller Emmi , Cande Laura , Desson Zachary , Margheri Federica 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe practice of healthcare management is essential for the efficient operation of health services, encompassing leadership, management, and direction within healthcare organisations. ‘Health management’ extends beyond healthcare management by integrating principles of public health and health policy. As health management is commonly practised but not cohesively recognised, the European Health Management Association (EHMA) conducted this study to develop a cohesive definition of health management. Developed through a qualitative methodology comprising focus group discussions and validation through quantitative expert interviews, this study proposed a holistic definition of health management, incorporating social, environmental and economic determinants of health, cross‐sector collaboration, and the ‘One Health’ approach. The publication of this unified definition has important implications for professional training, policy development, and health outcomes. It provides a foundational framework for curricula, informs precise policy formulation, and promotes excellence through health service delivery that reflects efficiency, sustainability, and equity.
Irregular Pulse and Cardiovascular Disease From NHANES (1999–2018): A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Zeng Qingping , Chang Weihong , Zhang Rui , Fan Hongxuan , Liu Aman , Zhang Ping , She Fei , Zhou Boda 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsPulse is an easily accessible life sign, while irregular pulse could be easily detected in daily life during blood pressure test. However, whether irregular pulse was associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or mortality has not been reported on a large population scale. Here, we investigated the association between irregular pulse, CVD, and CVD mortality, to explore the potential of irregular pulse as screening indicator for CVD and mortality, thus influencing health policy.MethodsThis cohort study used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 1999 through 2018 and linked mortality information until 2019. Eligible participants were adults with valid records of self‐report CVD and pulse characteristics.ResultsWe included data from 49,681 participants in the analysis. Compared with regular pulse group, irregular pulse group demonstrated an increased risk of CVD (1.34, [1.14, 1.58]), especially heart failure (1.75, [1.37, 2.24]) and coronary heart disease (1.27, [1.01, 1.60]). Irregular pulse group showed an increased risk for all‐cause mortality (HR 1.29, [95% CI, 1.17–1.42]) and CVD mortality (HR 1.53, [95% CI, 1.30–1.81]) compared with regular pulse group. The findings suggest that irregular pulse was associated with CVD and mortality. Participants with irregular pulse were associated with a significantly increased risk of all‐cause mortality (HR 1.29, 95% CI [1.17, 1.42], p < 0.001), and CVD mortality (HR 1.53, [1.30, 1.81], p < 0.001).ConclusionOur study found that people with irregular pulse have a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular disease mortality than people with regular pulse. These findings highlight the importance of health screening and risk management for people with irregular pulse.
Exploring the Epidemiological Characteristics and Survival Analysis Among Prostate Cancer Patients Under 50: A Seer‐Based Population Study
Authors: Mali Bahaa , Mali Ali , Mali Alaa , Abdulrazzak Mohammed , Jobran Afnan W. M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsEven though aging is a known risk factor for prostate cancer incidence and mortality, there has been an increase in incidence among young men since the late 1980s with notably lower survival rates than those among older men. However, there is insufficient knowledge about recent trends in the incidence and survival of this disease.MethodsWe analyzed prostatic cancer incidence trends in men under 50 from 1975 to 2020 using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 8 registries data. We further studied frequency, incidence rate, and survival rates in this group across SEER 22 registries, which cover around 41.9% of the US population. We analyzed the data by age, stage, and race subgroups and identified potential risk factors affecting survival prognosis using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsOur results revealed that prostate cancer incidence rates in men under 50 have increased from 1975 to 2020. There was a significant decline from 2009 to 2014, followed by a gradual decrease. Between 2004 and 2020, 35,670 new cases were diagnosed. 76.10% of these cases were localized, 15.10% were regional, 4.20% were distant, and 4.60% were unstaged. Certain factors can negatively impact the prognosis, including age at diagnosis under 30, advanced stages of the disease, and non‐Hispanic black race.ConclusionEarly‐onset prostate cancer has distinct epidemiological and clinical characteristics, and more research is required to gain a better understanding of the biological, genetic, and environmental factors that contribute to its development. This understanding will assist in the creation of more suitable management plans that can enhance survival rates.
A20 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for COVID‐19
Authors: Wu Yongyao , He Lilan , Li Rong , Li Jiuxuan , Zhao Qing , Shao Bin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), is a major concern due to its astonishing prevalence and high fatality rate, especially among elderly people. Patients suffering from COVID‐19 may exhibit immunosuppression in the initial stage of infection, while a cytokine storm can occur when the disease progresses to a severe stage. This inopportune immune rhythm not only makes patients more susceptible to the virus but also leads to numerous complications resulting from the excessive production of inflammatory factors. A20, which is widely accepted as a pivotal regulator of inflammation, has been shown to be implicated in the processes of antiviral responses and immunosuppression. Thus, A20 may participate in regulating the pathological processes of COVID‐19.MethodsThis narrative literature review summarizes recent evidence on the mechanisms of A20 in regulating the pathological processes of COVID‐19. We also downloaded single‐cell RNA‐seq data sets from healthy individuals and patients with varying severities of COVID‐19 from the NCBI GEO database to further dissect A20's regulatory mechanisms of these intricate cytokine pathways that are closely associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.ResultsA20 might be one of the most critical anti‐infectious and anti‐inflammatory factors involved in the pathogenesis of COVID‐19. It effectively suppresses the immune damage and inflammatory storm caused by viral infection.ConclusionsUnderstanding the relationship between A20‐regulated signaling pathways and pathological processes of COVID‐19 can provide insight into potential targets for intervention. Precise regulation of A20 to induce antiviral activity and an anti‐inflammatory response could mediate the pathogenesis of COVID‐19 and could become an effective treatment.
TLR4 Inhibition Attenuated LPS‐Induced Proinflammatory Signaling and Cytokine Release in Mouse Hearts and Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wiger Christine W. , Ranheim Trine , Arnesen Henriette , Vaage Jarle , Pischke Søren E. , Yndestad Arne , Stensløkken Kåre‐Olav , Torp May‐Kristin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSepsis is associated with myocardial injury and early mortality. The innate immune receptor Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) can recognize pathogen‐associated‐molecular‐patterns (PAMPs) and damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs); the latter are released during tissue injury. We hypothesized that TLR4 inhibition reduces proinflammatory signaling and cytokine release in: (1) LPS or Escherichia coli‐treated isolated mouse heart; (2) LPS‐treated mouse primary adult cardiomyocytes; and (3) the isolated heart during ischemia–reperfusion.MethodsIsolated C57BL/6N male mouse hearts were perfused for 120 min, with either LPS, E. coli, with and without CLI‐095 (TLR4 inhibitor). Primary adult mouse cardiomyocytes were treated with LPS or LPS + CLI‐095. Isolated hearts, exposed to 35 min of global ischemia, were treated with either vehicle or CLI‐095 during reperfusion. Infarct size was quantified by triphenyltetrazolium staining. Cytokine expression was analyzed with ELISA, western blot analysis, and qPCR.ResultsIn isolated hearts, E. coli increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐6 and CXCL2), which was not attenuated with TLR4 inhibition. TLR4 inhibition reduced expression (p = 0.004) and release of IL‐6 (p < 0.0001) in LPS‐exposed isolated hearts. LPS activated the nuclear‐factor κ‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells signaling pathway (NF‐κB) in primary adult cardiomyocytes. Moreover, TLR4 inhibition reduced LPS‐induced mRNA expression and release of IL‐6 in primary adult cardiomyocytes. Isolated hearts treated with CLI‐095 during reperfusion after ischemia (induced DAMPs release) showed reduced infarct size (39 ± 17% to 26 ± 8%, p = 0.034) and decreased IL‐6 release (p = 0.006).ConclusionInhibition of TLR4 reduced proinflammatory signaling and cytokine release in LPS‐treated and ischemia–reperfused isolated mouse hearts and in primary adult murine cardiomyocytes.
Solution Blow Spinning: An Emerging Nanomaterials‐Based Wound‐Care Technology
Authors: Sk Md Salauddin , Mwangomo Ruth , Daniel Luke , Gilmore Jordon 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTApplication of one‐dimensional nanofibers have witnessed exponential growth over the past few decades and are still emerging with their excellent physicochemical and electrical properties. The driving force behind this intriguing transition lies in their unique high surface‐to‐volume ratio, ubiquitous nanodomains, improved tensile strength, and flexibility to incorporate deliberate functionalities required for specific and advanced applications. Besides numerous benefits, nanomaterials may adversely interact with biological tissues and potentially be cytotoxic and carcinogenic. However, precisely engineered design can outperform the risk with myriad benefits. Wound care technologies are evolving, and products involved in wound care management have a yearly market value of $15–22 billion. Solution blow spinning (SBS) is a facile technique to synthesize biocompatible nanofibers with scalable processing variables for multidirectional biomedical applications. SBS is feasible for a wide range of thermoplastic polymers and nanomaterials to fabricate nanocomposites. This review will focus on the relevance of SBS technology for wound care, including dressings, drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolds, and sensors.
The Biological Properties of Co‐Doped Monetite Are Influenced by Thermal Treatment
Authors: de Almeida Gerson Santos , Suter Luisa Camilo , Pinto Thais Silva , Carra Maria Gabriela Jacheto , da Silva Feltran Géorgia , de Moraes Julia Ferreira , Corrêa Diego Rafael Nespeque , Saeki Margarida Juri , Lisboa‐Filho Paulo Noronha , Zambuzzi Willian Fernando 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCalcium phosphates, notably monetite, are valued biomaterials for bone applications owing to their osteogenic properties and rapid uptake by bone cells. This study investigates the enhancement of these properties through Cobalt doping, which is known to induce hypoxia and promote bone cell differentiation. Heat treatments at 700°C, 900°C, and 1050°C are applied to both monetite and Cobalt‐doped monetite, facilitating the development of purer, more crystalline phases with varied particle sizes and optimized cellular responses. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization through XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM/EDS, and ASAP analyses shows significant phase transformations into pyrophosphate, influencing the materials' structural and functional attributes. When utilized to condition a culture medium for MC3T3‐E1 cells, these materials demonstrate non‐cytotoxic behavior and provoke specific gene responses associated with the osteoblastic phenotype, angiogenesis, adhesion, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Significantly, non‐heat‐treated Cobalt‐doped Monetite retains properties advantageous for clinical applications such as dental and orthopedic implants, where lower processing temperatures are crucial. This attribute, combined with the material's straightforward production, highlights its practicality and potential cost‐effectiveness. Further research is essential to assess the long‐term safety and efficacy of these materials in clinical settings. Our findings underscore the promising role of Cobalt‐doped Monetite in advancing bone repair and regeneration, setting the stage for future innovations in treating bone lesions, enhancing implant integration, and developing advanced prosthetic coatings within the field of tissue engineering.