bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S3‐Leitlinie “Aktinische Keratose und Plattenepithelkarzinom der Haut“ – Update 2023, Teil 2: Epidemiologie und Ätiologie, Diagnostik, Therapie des invasiven Plattenepithelkarzinoms der Haut, Nachsorge und Prävention
Authors: Leiter Ulrike , Heppt Markus V. , Steeb Theresa , Alter Mareike , Amaral Teresa , Bauer Andrea , Bechara Falk G. , Becker Jürgen C. , Breitbart Eckhard W. , Breuninger Helmut , Diepgen Thomas , Dirschka Thomas , Eigentler Thomas , El Gammal A. K. Stephan , Felcht Moritz , Flaig Michael J. , Follmann Markus , Fritz Klaus , Grabbe Stephan , Greinert Rüdiger , Gutzmer Ralf , Hauschild Axel , Hillen Uwe , Ihrler Stephan , John Swen Malte , Kofler Lukas , Koelbl Oliver , Krause‐Bergmann Albrecht , Kraywinkel Klaus , Krohn Steffen , Langer Thomas , Loquai Carmen , Löser Christoph R. , Mohr Peter , Nashan Dorothée , Nothacker Monika , Pfannenberg Christina , Salavastru Carmen , Schmitz Lutz , Stockfleth Eggert , Szeimies Rolf‐Markus , Ulrich Claas , Voelter‐Mahlknecht Susanne , Vordermark Dirk , Weichenthal Michael , Welzel Julia , Wermker Kai , Wiegand Susanne , Garbe Claus , Berking Carola 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungAktinische Keratosen (AK) sind häufige Hautveränderungen bei hellhäutigen Menschen mit dem Potenzial, in ein kutanes Plattenepithelkarzinom (PEK) überzugehen. Beide Erkrankungen können mit erheblicher Morbidität verbunden sein und stellen eine große Krankheitslast insbesondere in der älteren Bevölkerung dar. Um einen evidenzbasierten Rahmen für die klinische Entscheidungsfindung zu schaffen, wurde die S3‐Leitlinie "Aktinische Keratose und kutanes Plattenepithelkarzinom" aktualisiert und um die Themen Plattenepithelkarzinom in situ (Morbus Bowen) und Cheilitis actinica, die Manifestation der AK am Lippenrot, erweitert. Die Leitlinie richtet sich dabei an Dermatologen, Allgemeinmediziner, HNO‐Ärzte, Chirurgen, Onkologen, Radiologen und Strahlentherapeuten in Klinik und Praxis sowie an andere medizinische Fachgebiete, politische Entscheidungsträger und Versicherungsgesellschaften, die sich mit der Diagnose und Behandlung von Patienten mit nicht‐melanozytärem Hautkrebs befassen. Für Patienten und deren Angehörige existiert eine gesonderte Patientenleitlinie. In diesem Teil behandeln wir die Themen Epidemiologie und Ätiologie, Diagnostik, Therapie des invasiven Plattenepithelkarzinoms der Haut, Nachsorge und Prävention.
Vocational education and numeracy acquisition of young adults: A comparison of education systems in German and English speaking countries
Authors: Kim Suehye 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study explores a pathway from social origin at adolescence to numeracy acquisition in young adulthood. A variation associated with vocational track attendance and numeracy acquisition between two different traditions of education systems is identified; namely, between education systems of German (Austria and Germany) and English (UK and US) speaking countries. Key results demonstrate that tracking at the level of upper and post‐secondary schooling is closely related to skills gaps that affect labour market outcomes. This implies that vocational programme graduates achieve comparatively weaker in numeracy tests in German‐speaking countries. In contrast, this effect of disadvantage in numeracy skills is not observed among young adults attending vocational tracks in English speaking countries. Also, the results suggest that a more stratified system might reinforce social inequality by increasing a skill gap in the use of numeracy in daily life. Drawing on empirical findings, the discussion underscores that policy interventions are necessary for mitigating the reproduction of skills inequality among young adults.
Transformation of higher education in Ukraine: Impact of the war and objectives for post‐war recovery
Authors: Lugovyi Volodymyr , Kalashnikova Svitlana , Talanova Zhanneta , Vlasova Inna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProcesses of globalisation, sustainable development, the Covid‐19 pandemic, and other current circumstances influence the development of higher education. Higher education institutions in Ukraine also face challenges related to the military aggression by the Russian Federation since 2014, martial law since February 2022 and efforts to prepare for a post‐war recovery. The article outlines key areas that merit closer attention including an analysis of changes occurring in higher education in Ukraine before and during the war; the network of higher education institutions in Ukraine; admissions processes; trends in higher education quality assurance and enhancement; and international aid for the support and development of higher education in Ukraine. The analysis outlines changes that have taken place in higher education in Ukraine as a result of the destruction of infrastructure and a decrease in institutional capability of universities in eastern Ukraine and Crimea, as well as massive migration. We identify main innovations and specific features of the admissions process in 2022 compared to admissions processes in 2021. The government of Ukraine, following martial law, introduced restrictions that affected international academic mobility, which is carried out online, or to the extent possible as blended learning. Finally, we outline tasks for post‐war higher education recovery and development and underline the key role of universities in the post‐war recovery of Ukraine.
The association between malocclusion and health‐related quality of life in adolescents: A mediation analysis
Authors: Leite Sarah Debora Camardella , Herkrath Fernando José , Vettore Mario Vianna , Rebelo Maria Augusta Bessa , de Queiroz Adriana Corrêa , Pereira Juliana Vianna , de Herkrath Ana Paula Corrêa de Queiroz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the role of oral health‐related functional limitations and social well‐being, self‐perceived health, psychosocial factors, and social support in mediating the impact of malocclusion on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). A school‐based 6‐month cohort study was conducted with 376 12‐year‐old deprived adolescents. Measures at baseline included malocclusion (DAI score), dental caries, sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial traits (self‐esteem, sense of coherence, oral health beliefs), and social support. The oral health‐related functional limitations and symptoms (social well‐being) domains of the CPQ11‐14, self‐perceived health, and HRQoL (Kiddo‐KINDL) were evaluated at the 6‐month follow‐up. Associations between observed and latent variables (social support, psychosocial factors, and HRQoL) were evaluated using structural equation modelling, according to the Wilson and Cleary theoretical model. Malocclusion was indirectly associated with worse HRQoL, mediated by functional limitations, social well‐being, and self‐perceived health. Better psychosocial status was directly associated with better HRQoL, and higher social support was indirectly associated with better HRQoL via psychosocial factors. Dental caries experience, female sex, and lower family income were indirectly associated with worse HRQoL. The impact of malocclusion on HRQoL was mediated by oral health‐related functional limitations, social well‐being, and self‐perceived health. Sociodemographic and psychosocial factors, and social support also impacted HRQoL.
Microscopical observations of the effects of tumour‐inhibitory and non‐inhibitory samples of gum tragacanth on Landschütz ascites tumour cells
Authors: MAYHEW E. G. , ROE E. M. F. 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISThe periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) technique of Hotchkiss (1948) has been used to follow the action of tumour‐inhibitory, native gum tragacanth on cells of the Landschütz mouse ascites tumour in vivo. The results have been compared with those of various non‐inhibitory modified tragacanth samples and of gum karaya (kutira grade), and have been related to earlier studies of changes in mitosis and in cell permeability after treatment of the tumour with the same gums. PAS‐stained particles are observed surrounding the tumour cells and attached to their surfaces as early as 10 minutes after treatment with inhibitory gum and no similarly stained material, additional to that in control cells, is detected within the treated cells until 5 to 6 hours after commencement of treatment.Non‐inhibitory gum samples formed PAS‐stained particles of different size and shape which were not bound to the surface of the tumour cell. No additional PAS‐stained material appeared within the cells after treatment with these samples.It is concluded that the active gum causes growth inhibition by direct action at the surface of the tumour cell.
Incorporating Test‐Taking Engagement into Multistage Adaptive Testing Design for Large‐Scale Assessments
Authors: Bulut Okan , Gorgun Guher , Karamese Hacer 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of multistage adaptive testing (MST) has gradually increased in large‐scale testing programs as MST achieves a balanced compromise between linear test design and item‐level adaptive testing. MST works on the premise that each examinee gives their best effort when attempting the items, and their responses truly reflect what they know or can do. However, research shows that large‐scale assessments may suffer from a lack of test‐taking engagement, especially if they are low stakes. Examinees with low test‐taking engagement are likely to show noneffortful responding (e.g., answering the items very rapidly without reading the item stem or response options). To alleviate the impact of noneffortful responses on the measurement accuracy of MST, test‐taking engagement can be operationalized as a latent trait based on response times and incorporated into the on‐the‐fly module assembly procedure. To demonstrate the proposed approach, a Monte‐Carlo simulation study was conducted based on item parameters from an international large‐scale assessment. The results indicated that the on‐the‐fly module assembly considering both ability and test‐taking engagement could minimize the impact of noneffortful responses, yielding more accurate ability estimates and classifications. Implications for practice and directions for future research were discussed.
The effects of water‐stress, temperature, and plant traits on the outbreak potential of a specialist and generalist spider mite species (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Barnes Cody L. , Wickwar Desireè , Yost Matt , Creech Earl , Ramirez Ricardo A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe host‐generalist two‐spotted spider mite [Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae); TSM] and host‐specialist Banks grass mite [Oligonychus pratensis (Acari: Tetranychidae); BGM] are common pests of corn (Zea mays L.) in the arid western United States. Climate warming and decreased precipitation may promote conditions favoured by these spider mites. However, rapid evolution of spider mite resistance to commercially available acaricides is driving the need for alternative solutions for managing outbreaks. Planting of drought‐tolerant corn hybrids has been proposed to be a dual‐purpose strategy for mitigating water deficits for irrigation and reducing leaf conditions favourable for BGM outbreaks. However, understanding of the mechanisms responsible for reducing the BGM in the field is lacking and determining whether outbreaks of the TSM can also be averted using drought‐tolerant corn is a pressing concern. We conducted a 2‐year field study testing a drought‐tolerant corn hybrid and an analogous drought‐susceptible hybrid under water‐stress, with artificially infested spider mite populations. Drought‐tolerant corn had larger stem diameter, more massive cobs, and greater leaf water mass compared to the drought‐susceptible corn under water stress. We also found that the BGM populations were reduced on drought‐tolerant plants under water‐stress, as expected, but we found an opposite trend in the TSM. Lastly, water‐stressed leaves were warmer, transpired less, and had higher carbon concentration, which contributed to larger investment in eggs and growth in the BGM. We anticipate that further evaluation of irrigation and crop drought‐tolerance in management of agriculture systems for multiple pest species will be increasingly impactful in arid regions.
Aeromonas salmonicida, causative agent of salmonid furunculosis, isolated from the freshwater parasitic copepod, Salmincola californiensis
Authors: Herron Crystal L. , Ruse Natassia E. , Rockey Daniel D. , Sanders Justin L. , Peterson James T. , Schreck Carl B. , Kent Michael L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHere, we provide evidence that the freshwater parasitic copepod, Salmincola californiensis, acts as a vector for Aeromonas salmonicida. While investigating the effects of S. californiensis on Chinoook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), we tangentially observed that fish infected with the copepod developed furunculosis, caused by A. salmonicida. This occurred despite being reared in pathogen‐free well water in a research facility with no prior history of spontaneous infection. We further investigated the possibility of S. californiensis to serve as a vector for the bacterium via detection of fluorescently labelled A. salmonicida inside the egg sacs from copepods in which the fish hosts were experimentally infected with GFP‐A449 A. salmonicida. We then evaluated copepod egg sacs that were collected from adult Chinook salmon from a freshwater hatchery with A. salmonicida infections confirmed by either culture or PCR. The bacterium was cultured on tryptic soy agar plates from 75% of the egg sacs, and 61% were positive by PCR. These three separate experiments indicate an alternative tactic of transmission in addition to direct transmission of A. salmonicida in captivity. The copepod may play an important role in transmission of the bacterium when fish are more dispersed, such as in the wild.
Mathematical modeling of Brazilian black soybean: Lumped and distributed parameter models
Authors: Bissaro Camila Andressa , Defendi Rafael Oliveira , Aranha Ana Caroline Raimundini , Ferrari Andressa Lopes , de Souza Matias Gustavo , de Matos Jorge Luiz Mario 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe main objective of the present work was to assess the temperature and the initial moisture content using models of lumped and distributed parameters, in the description of the drying kinetics in the thin layer of the new Brazilian black soybean cultivar. Lumped models (Page, Newton, Approximation of Diffusion, Hii, Law and Cloke, and Midilli) were fitted based on experimental moisture content data for drying experiments carried out in different temperatures. Fractional order model was also performed and it was generalized as a function of temperature. Distributed parameter models were also fitted to evaluate the influence of initial moisture content on drying kinetics, in addition to estimating the moisture profile along the position inside the black soybean seed. Results indicated that the best kinetic fitting of drying by the lumped parameter technique was obtained for models with a greater number of parameters.Practical applicationsResults indicated that the best kinetic fitting of drying by the lumped parameter technique was obtained for models with a greater number of parameters. The generalized model showed with first degree function, and the maximum global deviation was 15%, and distributed parameters were predicted with a maximum overall deviation of 10%. This result portrays that the fractional order model can be applied to describe the continuous drying process.
Shake my hand: Racial fantasies, white saviors, and Django Unchained's haunted screen
Authors: Hagelin Sarah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis essay offers a critical re‐assessment of the character King Schultz (Christoph Waltz) in Quentin Tarantino's Django Unchained (2012), reading the film as a cautionary tale about the danger proximity to whiteness poses for Black subjects. For all of its hyperbolic violence and linguistic excess, Django Unchained asks important questions about the way American popular culture structures stories of African American freedom around the trope of interracial friendship. In doing so, it reveals the problem at the heart of white identity‐making in US popular culture and unmasks its complicity in violence against Black bodies.
Growth, condition factor, and survival of juvenile channel (Ictalurus punctatus), blue (I. furcatus), and hybrid (I. punctatus × I. furcatus) catfish at moderate and high temperatures
Authors: Gerhart Brandon J. , Mischke Charles C. , Allen Peter J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough hybrid catfish (Ictalurus punctatus × I. furcatus) now constitute about half of the industry production, few studies have assessed comparative growth and survival with other commercially important catfish. Growth assessment is particularly important at moderate to high temperatures because of the direct influence of temperature on ectothermic organisms and the increasing trend of warm to extreme environmental temperatures. Therefore, growth, condition factor, and survival of channel (I. punctatus), blue (I. furcatus), and hybrid catfish were compared following a 10‐week growth experiment at moderate (23°C) and high (33°C) temperatures in tanks. It was hypothesized that hybrid catfish would outperform channel and blue catfish in overall growth due of heterosis, and growth of all three fish types would be greater at moderate than high temperatures, which are above the range for optimal channel and blue catfish growth. Channel catfish had the greatest growth and were in better condition compared to blue and hybrid catfish over moderate and high temperatures. All treatments had an average survival over 89% other than blue catfish at 33°C, which had an average survival of 63%. Therefore, these results indicate growth and condition factor in channel, blue, and hybrid catfish diminish at high temperatures, and channel catfish may outgrow blue and hybrid catfish at moderate to high temperatures.
How the Islamic State Rivalry Pushes the Taliban to Extremes
Authors: Verma Raj , Ali Shahid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBefore establishing the second Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in August 2021, the Taliban promised they would not revert to the repressive policies and stringent interpretations of Islam they had imposed during their previous regime. However, since the US withdrawal—and despite financial incentives from the West and diplomatic pleadings within the region—the Taliban have reneged on this vow. Why have the Taliban not moderated? This article argues that their rivalry with Islamic State‐Khorasan (IS‐K) is the central cause. The Taliban are concerned that compromise on fundamentalism will lead their hard‐line factions to break ranks and join IS‐K, enhancing its reputation and allowing it to recruit more foreign fighters. This could lead to increased violence and socioeconomic and political instability in Afghanistan, undermine the legitimacy of the Taliban, and spark the collapse of the regime.
Building global public administration knowledge: Leveraging the power of collaboration
Authors: Bhuiyan Shahjahan , Perry James L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPublic administration has been seeking to develop a global knowledge base, dating back to the early days of the field. Despite expressed interest in building such a knowledge base, scholars continue to criticize overly narrowly public administration knowledge, which tends to favor developed countries and the Global North. This article applies principles from collaboration theory, which was developed for solving complex problems, to set a course for intentionally broadening the geographic scope and perceived validity of public administration theory. Five interconnected variables from collaboration theory are used to assess how members of the public administration epistemic community can build and facilitate collaboration to develop global public administration knowledge. Specific action steps are discussed to increase collaboration and, in turn, the inclusiveness of the global public administration knowledge base.
Draft genome sequences of the strains isolated from estuary sediments
Authors: Dhanakoti Rameshkumar , Dhanakoti Vijayanand , Loganathan Karthik , Swathanthiram Mohandass 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Draft genome sequences of four strains of the
Bacillaceae
were generated using nanopore technology. The size of the genome ranges from 4.2 to 4.4 Mb. This study aims to enhance our understanding of the diversity of probable probiotic strains, their metabolic activities, and their safety in real-world applications.
C-di-AMP levels modulate
Staphylococcus aureus
cell wall thickness, response to oxidative stress, and antibiotic resistance and tolerance
Authors: Dengler Haunreiter Vanina , Tarnutzer Andrea , Bär Julian , von Matt Manuela , Hertegonne Sanne , Andreoni Federica , Vulin Clément , Künzi Lisa , Menzi Carmen , Kiefer Patrick , Christen Philipp , Vorholt Julia A. , Zinkernagel Annelies S. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Beta-lactam antibiotics are widely used to treat infections caused by the important human pathogen
Staphylococcus aureus
. Resistance to beta-lactams, as found in methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
, renders effective treatment difficult. The second messenger cyclic di-3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) promotes beta-lactam resistance in clinical
S. aureus
isolates. C-di-AMP plays a crucial role in the regulation of cellular processes such as virulence, cell wall homeostasis, and resistance to beta-lactams in many bacterial species. In
S. aureus,
c-di-AMP synthesis is mediated by the diadenylate cyclase DacA, while its degradation is carried out by the phosphodiesterases GdpP and Pde2. In this work, we assessed the effect of altered c-di-AMP levels due to mutations in
dacA
,
gdpP,
or
gdpP/pde2
on virulence determinants. We report that a previously described growth defect in bacteria producing high c-di-AMP levels is mainly attributable to smaller cell size. High c-di-AMP levels also led to decreased survival upon oxidative stress, reduced production of the antioxidant staphyloxanthin, increased oxacillin and fosfomycin resistance, and increased cell wall thickness. While resistance to ceftaroline was not affected, high c-di-AMP levels promoted tolerance to this antibiotic. In response to cell wall stress induced by antibiotics, the three-component regulatory system VraTSR mediates an increase in cell wall synthesis via the cell wall stress stimulon (CWSS). Increased c-di-AMP levels led to an activation of the CWSS. Upon deletion of
vraR
, resistance to oxacillin and fosfomycin as well as cell wall thickness diminished in the Δ
gdpP
mutant, indicating a contribution of the VraTSR system to the cell wall related phenotypes.

IMPORTANCE

Antibiotic resistance and tolerance are substantial healthcare-related problems, hampering effective treatment of bacterial infections. Mutations in the phosphodiesterase GdpP, which degrades cyclic di-3′, 5′-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP), have recently been associated with resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in clinical
Staphylococcus aureus
isolates. In this study, we show that high c-di-AMP levels decreased the cell size and increased the cell wall thickness in
S. aureus
mutant strains. As a consequence, an increase in resistance to cell wall targeting antibiotics, such as oxacillin and fosfomycin as well as in tolerance to ceftaroline, a cephalosporine used to treat methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
infections, was observed. These findings underline the importance of investigating the role of c-di-AMP in the development of tolerance and resistance to antibiotics in order to optimize treatment in the clinical setting.