bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of non-invasive prediction models for migraine in Chinese adults
Authors: Duan Shaojie , Xia Hui , Zheng Tao , Li Guanglu , Ren Zhiying , Ding Wenyan , Wang Ziyao , Liu Zunjing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Migraine is a common disabling neurological disorder with severe physical and psychological damage, but there is a lack of convenient and effective non-invasive early prediction methods. This study aimed to develop a new series of non-invasive prediction models for migraine with external validation.

Methods
A total of 188 and 94 subjects were included in the training and validation sets, respectively. A standardized professional questionnaire was used to collect the subjects' 9-item traditional Chinese medicine constitution (TCMC) scores, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale scores. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk predictors of migraine, and a series of prediction models for migraine were developed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve were used to assess the discrimination and calibration of the models. The predictive performance of the models were further validated using external datasets and subgroup analyses were conducted.

Results
PSQI score and Qi-depression score were significantly and positively associated with the risk of migraine, with the area of the ROC curves (AUCs) predicting migraine of 0.83 (95% CI:0.77–0.89) and 0.76 (95% CI:0.68–0.84), respectively. Eight non-invasive predictive models for migraine containing one to eight variables were developed using logistic regression, with AUCs ranging from 0.83 (95% CI: 0.77–0.89) to 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89–0.96) for the training set and from 0.76 (95% CI: 0.66–0.85) to 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75–0.91) for the validation set. Subgroup analyses showed that the AUCs of the eight prediction models for predicting migraine in the training and validation sets of different gender and age subgroups ranged from 0.80 (95% CI: 0.63–0.97) to 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91–1.00) and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.64–0.84) to 0.93 (95% CI: 0.82–1.00), respectively.

Conclusions
This study developed and validated a series of convenient and novel non-invasive prediction models for migraine, which have good predictive ability for migraine in Chinese adults of different genders and ages. It is of great significance for the early prevention, screening, and diagnosis of migraine.
Multilayer network alignment based on topological assessment via embeddings
Authors: Cinaglia Pietro , Milano Marianna , Cannataro Mario 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundNetwork graphs allow modelling the real world objects in terms of interactions. In a multilayer network, the interactions are distributed over layers (i.e., intralayer and interlayer edges). Network alignment (NA) is a methodology that allows mapping nodes between two or multiple given networks, by preserving topologically similar regions. For instance, NA can be applied to transfer knowledge from one biological species to another. In this paper, we presentDANTEml, a software tool for the Pairwise Global NA (PGNA) of multilayer networks, based on topological assessment. It builds its own similarity matrix by processing the node embeddings computed from two multilayer networks of interest, to evaluate their topological similarities. The proposed solution can be used via a user-friendly command line interface, also having a built-in guided mode (step-by-step) for defining input parameters.ResultsWe investigated the performance ofDANTEmlbased on (i) performance evaluation on synthetic multilayer networks, (ii) statistical assessment of the resulting alignments, and (iii) alignment of real multilayer networks.DANTEmlover performed a method that does not consider the distribution of nodes and edges over multiple layers by 1193.62%, and a method for temporal NA by 25.88%; we also performed the statistical assessment, which corroborates the significance of its own node mappings. In addition, we tested the proposed solution by using a real multilayer network in presence of several levels of noise, in accordance with the same outcome pursued for the NA on our dataset of synthetic networks. In this case, the improvement is even more evident: +4008.75% and +111.72%, compared to a method that does not consider the distribution of nodes and edges over multiple layers and a method for temporal NA, respectively.ConclusionsDANTEmlis a software tool for the PGNA of multilayer networks based on topological assessment, that is able to provide effective alignments both on synthetic and real multi layer networks, of which node mappings can be validated statistically. Our experimentation reported a high degree of reliability and effectiveness for the proposed solution.
Exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid improves the photosynthesis efficiency, soluble sugar contents, and mineral nutrients in pomegranate plants exposed to drought, salinity, and drought-salinity stresses
Authors: Zarbakhsh Saeedeh , Shahsavar Ali Reza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), as a regulator of many aspects of plant growth, has a pivotal role in improving plant stress resistance. However, few studies have focused on the use of GABA in increasing plants’ resistance to interactional stresses, such as drought-salinity. Therefore, the focus of this study was to examine the effect of foliar application of GABA (0, 10, 20, and 40 mM) on growth indices and physio-biochemical parameters in plants of two pomegranate cultivars, ‘Rabab’ and ‘Atabaki’ exposed to drought, salinity, and drought-salinity.

Results
Under stress conditions, the photosynthetic capacity of two pomegranate cultivars, including transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, stomatal conductance of water vapour, and mesophyll conductance, was significantly reduced. This resulted in a decrease in root morphological traits such as fresh and dry weight, diameter, and volume, as well as the fresh and dry weight of the aerial part of the plants. However, the application of GABA reversed the negative effects caused by stress treatments on growth parameters and maintained the photosynthetic capacity. GABA application has induced the accumulation of compatible osmolytes, including total soluble carbohydrate, starch, glucose, fructose, and sucrose, in charge of providing energy for cellular defense response against abiotic stresses. Analysis of mineral nutrients has shown that GABA application increases the absorption of potassium, potassium/sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, manganese, zinc, and iron. As concentration increased up to 40 mM, GABA prevented the uptake of toxic ions, sodium and chloride.

Conclusions
These findings highlight the potential of GABA as a biostimulant strategy to enhance plant stress tolerance.
Pediatric pharmaceutical interventions in self-medication: a descriptive study in community pharmacies
Authors: Bedhomme Sabrina , Vaillant-Roussel Hélène , Vorilhon Philippe , Lafarge Elodie , Pereton Bénédicte , Prunet-Spano Céline , Pereira Bruno , Vennat Brigitte , Savanovitch Chantal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The practice of self-medication is common but not without risk, especially for vulnerable populations such as the pediatric population. Community pharmacists have an important role of vigilance in dispensing drugs available without a medical prescription, with the possibility of carrying out a Pharmaceutical Intervention (PI) if necessary. The aim of our study was to characterize the Pediatric Pharmaceutical Interventions (PPIs) in self-medication carried out during a spontaneous request for a drug at the community pharmacy.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive study in 139 pharmacies in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region (France). Data were collected from students under the supervision of internship masters in the pharmacy, using the validated GIPAMED (GrId for PhArmaceutical Self-MEDication interventions) notification grid, the first week of each month, from February to May for five years (2017 to 2021). Collected data were entered on a secure university platform.

Results
Of the 3,552 PIs collected, 8,3% (n = 286) were PPIs. Of these PPIs, 35% (n = 100) was generated by requests for optional prescription drugs contraindicated by the pathophysiological condition, 28.3% for drugs requiring a prescription and 20.6% for over the counter drugs not indicated by the symptomatology. Finally, 10% of requests required a referral for a medical consultation. Four Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classes accounted for more than 90% of the requests: respiratory system (39.5%), alimentary tract and metabolism (19.2%), nervous system (11.5%), and musculoskeletal system (10.8%). The most common drugs generating PPIs were: ibuprofen, oxomemazine and combination camphor/essential oils, mainly due to age-related or weight-related contraindication. Paracetamol also generated PPIs frequently, mainly due to problems with drug compliance and more precise infra-therapeutic doses. When these PPIs were dispensed, the pharmacist’s proposed solutions were accepted in 94.8% (n = 271) of the cases.

Conclusions
The community pharmacist has an important role in providing information about medicines and their correct use to patients. Our research shows that this attention benefits vulnerable populations, such as children, even for drugs that are widely used (e.g. paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) or active substances for which there are age-related or weight-related contraindications (e.g. antitussives, camphor combinations).
Physical activity interventions for cardiopulmonary fitness in obese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Chaochao , Tian Zuguo , Hu Yuting , Luo Qiaoyou 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study [PROSPERO CRD42023416272] systematically analysed the effects of a physical activity intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness in obese children and adolescents and elucidated the factors that influenced those effects.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature on physical activity interventions for improving cardiopulmonary fitness in obese children and adolescents from January 1, 2011, to March 1, 2023, was conducted. The search was performed on the Web of Science and PubMed databases, and the selected literature was first screened and then assessed for quality. Finally, a systematic review was conducted.

Results
Out of the initially identified 1424 search records, 28 studies were eventually included in the systematic review. These studies encompassed a total of 2724 participants aged 5 to 18 years, with the publication dates of the literature primarily ranging from 2011 to 2023. Physical activity was found to effectively improve the following parameters in obese children and adolescents: weight [mean difference (MD), -2.03 (95% confidence interval, -2.59 to -1.47), p < 0.00001], maximal oxygen consumption [MD, -1.95 (95% CI, -1.06 to -2.84), p < 0.0001], heart rate [MD, -2.77 (95% CI, -4.88 to -0.67), p = 0.010], systolic blood pressure [MD, -8.11 (95% CI, -11.41 to -4.81), p < 0.00001], and diastolic blood pressure [MD, -4.18 (95% CI, -5.32 to -3.03), p < 0.00001]. High-intensity exercise was found to yield greater improvements than low- to moderate-intensity exercise in maximal oxygen consumption [MD, 1.43 (95% CI, 0.04 to 2.82), p = 0.04] and diastolic blood pressure [MD, -6.94 (95% CI, -10.61 to -3.26), p = 0.0002] in obese children and adolescents.

Conclusion
Physical activity can effectively improve the body weight, maximal oxygen consumption, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure of obese children and adolescents. The type of physical activity directly influences the participation interest of obese children and adolescents, with moderate- to high-intensity physical activity showing the most significant impact on intervention outcomes. High-frequency, long-term interventions yield better results than short-term interventions.
Assessment of oral emergency services during COVID-19: a retrospective study of 14,885 cases in Shanghai
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhao Jun-Jun , Tai Zhao-Wei , Wang Xue-Chun , Tao Jiang , Liao Qian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
To assess the impact of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in its outbreak stage (Spring Festival in 2020) on oral emergency services.

Methods
Oral emergency cases in Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, during the Spring Festival after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 were collected and compared with those in 2018 and 2019. Electronic medical records including the visited department, age, sex, time, date, region, and diagnosis were collected and analyzed. The results were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results
Compared with that in 2018 and 2019, the total number of patients decreased during the Spring Festival in 2020 (p < 0.001), but the proportions of patients visiting Oral Surgery and Oral, Head, and Neck Oncology Emergency departments increased. The average age of patients increased, and the number of night visits decreased. Toothache diseases involving endodontic and periodontal diseases increased, while the proportion of maxillofacial trauma decreased. The wasn’t a linear association between diagnosis or genders (P > 0.001) across years. However, a linear-by-linear association between age groups and years, visited departments and years were observed (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
The study revealed that the transmission of COVID-19 affected the patient population and structure of disease types and oral services in 2020 during the Spring Festival, compared with those in the previous two years. The visits to oral emergency departments and the proportions of patients who were children and adolescents reduced; meanwhile, the percentage of the elderly people increased during the outbreak of COVID-19. The clear trend of age groups and visiting divisions could be used as a marker to reflect the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. These results may serve as a reference for dental practitioners involved in oral emergency services and to allocate the limited emergency health resources.
Bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility among women with abnormal vaginal discharge attending the gynecology clinic at a tertiary hospital in southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ahabwe Onesmus Magezi , Kabanda Taseera , Abesiga Lenard , Mugisha Julius , Kayondo Musa , Ngonzi Joseph , Tugume Rodgers , Agaba Collins David , Byamukama Onesmus , Tibaijuka Leevan , Lugobe Henry Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Abnormal vaginal discharge is a common complaint among women of reproductive age, affecting about one- third of all women. In resource-limited settings where access to laboratory services is limited, treatment is usually syndromic. This approach may result in ineffective treatment, with high recurrence rates and a potential of developing antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to determine the bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility among women with an abnormal vaginal discharge attending the gynecology clinic at a tertiary hospital in Southwestern Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a hospital based cross-sectional study among 361 women aged 15–49 years, presenting with abnormal vaginal discharge at the gynecology clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital from December 2020 to June 2021. Demographic characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. We collected cervical and vaginal sterile swabs and subjected them to wet preparation and gram stain. The specimens were cultured for bacterial isolates. Susceptibility testing was performed on samples with bacterial isolates using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, on the commonly prescribed antibiotics in this setting. We summarized and described the bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility patterns as frequencies and percentages.

Results
We enrolled 361 women with abnormal vaginal discharge. Bacteria were isolated in 29.6% (107/361) of the women, and the commonest isolates included; Staphylococcus aureus 48.6% (52/107), Klebsiella pneumoniae 29.9% (32/107) and Enterococcus faecalis 15% (16/107). Yeast cells were found in 17.7% (64/361) of the women with abnormal vaginal discharge. Cefuroxime (90.7%) and Ciprofloxacin (81.3%) had a high level of sensitivity while high levels of resistance were observed for Doxycycline (86.0%) and Azithromycin (67.0%).

Conclusion
The common bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis. The isolated bacteria were most sensitive to Cefuroxime and Ciprofloxacin but resistant to Doxycycline and Azithromycin. There is need for routine culture and susceptibility testing of women with abnormal vaginal discharge so as to guide treatment, minimize inappropriate antibiotic use and consequently reduce antibiotic resistance.
Predictors of home-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise adherence among patients with chronic heart failure: a theory-driven cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Zhen , Jia Honghong , Wang Aiping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The factors influencing home-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise adherence among patients with chronic heart failure remain unclear. This study aimed to explore predictors of home-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise adherence in these patients, based on the theory of planned behavior.

Methods
This theory-driven, cross-sectional study used convenience sampling to recruit patients with chronic heart failure undergoing home-based cardiac rehabilitation. Instruments used included the Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Adherence Scale, the Multidimensional Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart. Multivariate linear hierarchical regression analysis was employed to examine the factors influencing exercise adherence.

Results
A total of 215 patients with chronic heart failure undergoing home-based cardiac rehabilitation participated in the study. The overall score for home cardiac rehabilitation exercise adherence was (48.73 ± 3.92). Multivariate linear hierarchical regression analysis revealed that age (β=-0.087, p = 0.012), education level (β = 0.080, p = 0.020), fear of movement (β=-0.254, p < 0.001), perceived social support (β = 0.451, p < 0.001), and exercise self-efficacy (β = 0.289, p < 0.001) influenced home-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise adherence. In the second model, fear of exercise explained 23.60% of the total variance, while perceived social support and exercise self-efficacy explained 26.60% of the total variance in the third model.

Conclusion
This study found that home-based cardiac rehabilitation exercise adherence in patients with chronic heart failure was suboptimal, and identified its influencing factors. Targeted interventions addressing these factors, such as tailored education, support, and addressing fear of exercise, may help improve exercise adherence.
Isthmin-1 attenuates allergic Asthma by stimulating adiponectin expression and alveolar macrophage efferocytosis in mice
Authors: Tee Jong Huat , Vijayakumar Udhaya , Shanmugasundaram Mahalakshmi , Lam Terence Y. W. , Liao Wupeng , Yang Yuansheng , Wong W. S. Fred , Ge Ruowen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Allergic asthma is a common respiratory disease that significantly impacts human health. Through in silico analysis of human lung RNASeq, we found that asthmatic lungs display lower levels of Isthmin-1 (ISM1) expression than healthy lungs. ISM1 is an endogenous anti-inflammatory protein that is highly expressed in mouse lungs and bronchial epithelial cells, playing a crucial role in maintaining lung homeostasis. However, how ISM1 influences asthma remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential involvement of ISM1 in allergic airway inflammation and uncover the underlying mechanisms.

Methods
We investigated the pivotal role of ISM1 in airway inflammation using an ISM1 knockout mouse line (ISM1−/−) and challenged them with house dust mite (HDM) extract to induce allergic-like airway/lung inflammation. To examine the impact of ISM1 deficiency, we analyzed the infiltration of immune cells into the lungs and cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) using flow cytometry and multiplex ELISA, respectively. Furthermore, we examined the therapeutic potential of ISM1 by administering recombinant ISM1 (rISM1) via the intratracheal route to rescue the effects of ISM1 reduction in HDM-challenged mice. RNA-Seq, western blot, and fluorescence microscopy techniques were subsequently used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Results
ISM1−/− mice showed a pronounced worsening of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness upon HDM challenge. The heightened inflammation in ISM1−/− mice correlated with enhanced lung cell necroptosis, as indicated by higher pMLKL expression. Intratracheal delivery of rISM1 significantly reduced the number of eosinophils in BALF and goblet cell hyperplasia. Mechanistically, ISM1 stimulates adiponectin secretion by type 2 alveolar epithelial cells partially through the GRP78 receptor and enhances adiponectin-facilitated apoptotic cell clearance via alveolar macrophage efferocytosis. Reduced adiponectin expression under ISM1 deficiency also contributed to intensified necroptosis, prolonged inflammation, and heightened severity of airway hyperresponsiveness.

Conclusions
This study revealed for the first time that ISM1 functions to restrain airway hyperresponsiveness to HDM-triggered allergic-like airway/lung inflammation in mice, consistent with its persistent downregulation in human asthma. Direct administration of rISM1 into the airway alleviates airway inflammation and promotes immune cell clearance, likely by stimulating airway adiponectin production. These findings suggest that ISM1 has therapeutic potential for allergic asthma.

Graphical abstract