bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High sensitivity of Aeolus UV surface returns to surface reflectivity
Authors: Labzovskii L. D. , van Zadelhoff G. J. , Tilstra L. G. , de Kloe J. , Donovan D. P. , Stoffelen A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobal ultraviolet (UV) surface reflectivity climatologies are all composed from daylight passive remote sensing observations of reflected UV light, generally integrated over a distribution of attainable reflection directions. We discovered the sensitivity of Aeolus lidar surface returns (LSR) to surface characteristics, providing the first evidence that active remote sensing can be effectively used for retrieving unidirectional UV surface reflectivity on global scales. LSR reproduces surface reflectivity monthly changes in Sahara, which are visible in the Lambertian Equivalent Reflectivity (LER) climatologies from TROPOMI and GOME-2. Very high correlations (r > 0.90) between gridded LSR and the LER climatologies are reported at global and regional scales for 36 different regions. Three clear land cover gradients are discerned from Aeolus LSR signal: (1) water/land, (2) vegetation/arid areas and (3) no snow/snow. The strongest LSR signal was retrieved over snow, while over vegetation, we found moderate negative agreement (r < − 0.60) between LSR and vegetation index proxy. Overall, the success of the first active remote sensing method for retrieving unidirectional UV surface reflectivity using Aeolus is demonstrated. Our approach can be effectively used to detect unresolved land and, especially, snow cover changes in high latitudes because, unlike passive instruments, Aeolus also provided nighttime observations.
Nociceptors regulate osteoimmune transcriptomic response to infection
Authors: Lillis Katherine V. , Austah Obadah , Grinceviciute Ruta , Garlet Gustavo P. , Diogenes Anibal 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOsteoimmune diseases, such as apical periodontitis, are prevalent, often painful, inflammatory conditions resulting in bone loss and reduced quality of life. There is growing evidence that the nociceptive fibers densely innervating affected tissues regulate disease progression; therefore, we hypothesized that nociceptors regulate the transcriptomic profile of the periapical osteolytic lesion in a mouse model of apical periodontitis. Male control and nociceptor-ablated mice underwent pulp exposures, and after 0, 7, or 14 days, total RNA from periapical tissues was submitted for sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Pulp exposure triggers the differential expression of hundreds of genes over the course of infection. At 14 days post pulp exposure, 422 genes, including Tnf, Il1a, and Il1b, were differentially expressed between nociceptor-ablated and control mice with greater enrichment of biological processes related to inflammation in nociceptor-ablated mice. Nociceptor ablation regulates the transcriptomic profile of periapical lesions in a mouse model of apical periodontitis, shifting the gene expression profile to a greater enrichment of inflammatory genes, suggesting nociceptors play a role in the kinetics of the immune response. This newly uncovered neuro-immune axis and its mechanisms in apical periodontitis can be an important therapeutic target for the treatment of this prevalent disease.
Copper metabolism-related Genes in entorhinal cortex for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yang Yu-shen , Wang Cong-mei , Chen Wei-can , Chen Xin-li , Wu Fan , He He-fan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe pathological features of Alzheimer's disease are the formation of amyloid plaques and entanglement of nerve fibers. Studies have shown that Cu may be involved in the formation of amyloid plaques. However, their role has been controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the role of Cu in AD. We applied the “R” software for our differential analysis. Differentially expressed genes were screened using the limma package. Copper metabolism-related genes and the intersection set of differential genes with GSE5281 were searched; functional annotation was performed. The protein–protein interaction network was constructed using several modules to analyse the most significant hub genes. The hub genes were then qualified, and a database was used to screen for small-molecule AD drugs. We identified 87 DEGs. gene ontology analysis focused on homeostatic processes, response to toxic substances, positive regulation of transport, and secretion. The enriched molecular functions are mainly related to copper ion binding, molecular function regulators, protein-containing complex binding, identical protein binding and signalling receptor binding. The KEGG database is mainly involved in central carbon metabolism in various cancers, Parkinson's disease and melanoma. We identified five hub genes, FGF2, B2M, PTPRC, CD44 and SPP1, and identified the corresponding small molecule drugs. Our study identified key genes possibly related to energy metabolism in the pathological mechanism of AD and explored potential targets for AD treatment by establishing interaction networks.
Development and validation of a convolutional neural network to identify blepharoptosis
Authors: Abascal Azanza Cristina , Barrio-Barrio Jesús , Ramos Cejudo Jaime , Ybarra Arróspide Bosco , Devoto Martín H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBlepharoptosis is a recognized cause of reversible vision loss and a non-specific indicator of neurological issues, occasionally heralding life-threatening conditions. Currently, diagnosis relies on human expertise and eyelid examination, with most existing Artificial Intelligence algorithms focusing on eyelid positioning under specialized settings. This study introduces a deep learning model with convolutional neural networks to detect blepharoptosis in more realistic conditions. Our model was trained and tested using high quality periocular images from patients with blepharoptosis as well as those with other eyelid conditions. The model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.918. For validation, we compared the model's performance against nine medical experts—oculoplastic surgeons, general ophthalmologists, and general practitioners—with varied expertise. When tested on a new dataset with varied image quality, the model's performance remained statistically comparable to that of human graders. Our findings underscore the potential to enhance telemedicine services for blepharoptosis detection.
Study on the plant and fish production in the aquaponic system as affected by different hydraulic loading rates
Authors: Khater El-Sayed , Bahnasawy Adel , Ali Samir , Abbas Wael , Morsy Osama , Sabahy Amr 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAquaponics is the combined culture of fish and plants in recirculating aquaculture systems, considered to be an innovative, eco-friendly and sustainable technology. The effect of the hydraulic loading rate (HLR) on the performance of fish and plants in the aquapoinc system was the main aim of this study. Four hydraulic loading rates were applied, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 m day−1 under stocking density tilapia fish of 5 kg m−3 and lettuce population of 25 plant m−2 for a period of January to March, 2023. Water parameters, plant and fish parameters were determined. The most important results revealed that the highest plant nutrients removal was at HLR of 2.4 m day−1. The highest value of water parameters were found at the HLR of 2.4 m day−1. Root length increased with increasing HLR. Fresh and dry shoot and root weight values were higher at 2.4 m day−1 compared to other treatments under study. Meanwhile, fish growth parameter showed higher values at the HLR of 3.0 m day−1 compared to other treatments. The highest values of weight gain, feed growth rate, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio were 81.72 g, 1.36 g day−1, 1.88% day−1 and 1.20 g feed g−1 fish, respectively, for all treatments under study.
Effect of providing citrus pulp-integrated diet on fecal microbiota and serum and fecal metabolome shifts in crossbred pigs
Authors: Belloumi Dhekra , Calvet Salvador , Roca Marta Isabel , Ferrer Pablo , Jiménez-Belenguer Ana , Cambra-López María , García-Rebollar Paloma , Climent Eric , Martínez-Blanch Juan , Tortajada Marta , Chenoll Empar , Bermejo Almudena , Cerisuelo Alba 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to assess the impact of dehydrated citrus pulp (DCP) on growth performance, fecal characteristics, fecal bacterial composition (based on 16S rRNA analysis), and fecal and serum metabolomic profiles in crossbred pigs. 80 finishing pigs Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) were fed either a control diet (C) or a diet with 240 g/kg DCP (T) for six weeks. Including DCP in diets tended to decrease feed intake, increased (p < 0.05) the concentrations of acetic and heptanoic acids and decreased (p < 0.05) fecal butyric and branched-chain fatty acid concentrations in feces. Animals fed DCP exhibited a lower abundance of the genera Clostridium and Romboutsia, while Lachnospira significantly increased. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis plotted a clear separation of fecal and serum metabolites between groups. The main discriminant fecal metabolites were associated with bacterial protein fermentation and were downregulated in T-fed pigs. In serum, DCP supplementation upregulated metabolites related to protein and fatty acids metabolism. In conclusion, the addition of DCP as an environmentally friendly source of nutrients in pig diets, resulted in modifications of fecal bacterial composition, fermentation patterns, and overall pig metabolism, suggesting improvements in protein metabolism and gut health.
Quantitative analysis of gastrointestinal fluid absorption and secretion to estimate luminal fluid dynamics in rats
Authors: Funai Yuta , Ichijo Kazuki , Suzuki Satoru , Tateishi Yuta , Inoue Katsuhisa , Tamai Ikumi , Shirasaka Yoshiyuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe drug absorption profile is dependent on the luminal drug concentration, which in turn is influenced by the gastrointestinal (GI) fluid dynamics. In the present study, therefore, we aimed to examine the luminal fluid dynamics by kinetically analyzing fluid absorption and secretion along the GI tract in rats using the in situ closed-loop technique with non-absorbable fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4000 (FD-4) and tritium water labeling ([3H]water) under different osmotic conditions. We found that the luminal fluid volume in the jejunum and ileum, but not the colon, gradually decreased and reached a steady state. In contrast, [3H]water almost completely disappeared in all intestinal regions. Kinetic analysis revealed the following rank order for the rate constant of fluid secretion: jejunum > ileum > colon, whereas a negligible regional difference was observed in the rate constant of fluid absorption. Fluid secretion under an isosmotic condition (300 mOsm/kg) was higher than that at 0 mOsm/kg in all intestinal regions, though no significant changes in fluid absorption were observed. Thus, the fluid secretion process appears to be the major determinant of the regional differences in GI fluid dynamics. Our findings indicate that the luminal fluid volume is altered as a result of water ingestion, absorption, and secretion, and finally reaches an apparent steady state, which is regulated mainly by the process of fluid secretion.
Facile synthesis of FeCeOx nanoparticles encapsulated carbon nitride catalyst for highly efficient and recyclable synthesis of substituted imidazoles
Authors: Azizi Najmedin , Saadat Mostafa , Edrisi Mahtab 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHerein, we developed a novel composite called FeCeOx@g-C3N4 through a combination of sonication, sintering, and hydrothermal techniques to implement the principles of green chemistry by utilizing reusable nanocomposites in one-pot reactions. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the catalyst's structure, composition, and morphology, various characterization methods were employed. These included FT-IR analysis to examine chemical bonds, SEM and TEM imaging to visualize the catalyst's surface and internal structure, TGA to assess thermal stability, EDS for elemental composition analysis, and XRD to determine crystal structure. The FeCeOx@g-C3N4 nanocatalyst demonstrated remarkable efficacy in the one-pot synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazole. Noteworthy features of this catalyst included high percentage yield, mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, and an efficient and straightforward procedure. Furthermore, the FeCeOx@g-C3N4 composite exhibited excellent recyclability and reusability. It could be recycled and reused up to four times without a significant decline in catalytic activity.
Impact of trifluoromethyl and sulfonyl groups on the biological activity of novel aryl-urea derivatives: synthesis, in-vitro, in-silico and SAR studies
Authors: Sroor Farid M. , Mahrous Karima F. , El-Kader Heba A. M. Abd , Othman Abdelmageed M. , Ibrahim Nada S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe designed and prepared a novel series of urea derivatives with/without sulfonyl group in their structures to investigate the impact of the sulfonyl group on the biological activity of the evaluated compounds. Antibacterial investigations indicated that derivatives 7, 8, 9, and 11 had the most antibacterial property of all the compounds examined, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined against B. mycoides, E. coli, and C. albicans, with compound 8 being the most active at a MIC value of 4.88 µg/mL. Anti-cancer activity has been tested against eight human cancer cell lines; A549, HCT116, PC3, A431, HePG2, HOS, PACA2 and BJ1. Compounds 7, 8 and 9 emerged IC50 values better than Doxorubicin as a reference drug. Compounds 7 and 8 showed IC50 = 44.4 and 22.4 μM respectively against PACA2 compared to Doxorubicin (IC50 = 52.1 μM). Compound 9 showed IC50 = 17.8, 12.4, and 17.6 μM against HCT116, HePG2, and HOS, respectively. qRT-PCR revealed the down-regulation of PALB2 in compounds 7 and 15 treated PACA2 cells. Also, the down-regulation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was shown in compound 7 treated PC3 cells. As regard A549 cells, compound 8 decreased the expression level of EGFR and KRAS genes. While compounds 7 and 9 down-regulated TP53 and FASN in HCT116 cells. Molecular docking was done against Escherichia coli enoyl reductase and human Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1) and the results showed the promising inhibition of the studied proteins.
Host search behaviors of specialist and generalist root feeding herbivores (Diabrotica spp.) on host and non-host plants
Authors: Huynh Man P. , Geisert Ryan W. , Ludwick Dalton C. , Pekarcik Adrian J. , Hibbard Bruce E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWestern, northern, Mexican, and southern corn rootworms (WCR, NCR, MCR, and SCR) are serious corn pests. We evaluated host search behavior of these pests on six plant species using a video tracking system. After a 5-min exposure to plant roots, behavioral parameters were automatically recorded and used to quantify the search behavior. The search behavior was not observed for sorghum since no neonates survived after contacting sorghum roots. After exposures to corn roots, all neonates exhibited the localized search behaviors (i.e., shortening total distance traveled, lowering movement speed, increasing turn angle, moving farther from origin) which are used to stay in and search within root systems. When larvae contacted roots of wheat, barley, oats, soybean, or controls, they expanded the search area by extending the travel path, increasing velocity, and reducing turn angles and total distance moved. The intensity of the search expansion is highly associated with the host preferences known for the four rootworm species and subspecies. Neonates of each corn rootworm exhibited distinct search behaviors. In fact, NCR larvae had the highest speed, the greatest travel path, and the lowest turn angle, whereas MCR larvae had the highest turn angle and moved faster than WCR and SCR larvae.
Impact of different components of the Skyrme nucleon–nucleon effective interaction on the nuclear density distribution
Authors: Seif W. M. , Hashem A. S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe systematically investigate the impact of the different terms of the Skyrme energy density functional of the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction, and of its associated nuclear matter (NM) properties, on the density distributions of spherical nuclei. Twenty five Skyrme force parameterizations are examined simultaneously, covering a broad range of each characteristic parameter and NM property. The diffuseness and the neutron-skin thickness are found to be the most sensitive density quantities to the force parameterization. The diffuseness is indicated to decrease with increasing the central zero-range and the effective mass terms of the effective force, and the power σ of its density dependent term, as well as with the coefficient of the NM symmetry energy (asym) and its density slope (L) at saturation density, and the incompressibility (Ko). In contrast, the proton and neutron diffuseness tend to increase with increasing the spin–orbit force and the isoscalar effective nucleon-mass (m*), and to increases slightly with the density dependence parameters other than the power σ. Opposite impacts are pointed out for the different parts of the finite-range, and J2 tensor terms on the proton and neutron density. While the neutron-skin thickness tends to increase significantly upon increasing the central zero-range and spin–orbit force terms, asym, L, and Ko, and to increase slightly with the finite-range and J2 tensor terms, and σ, it decreases with the effective-mass term, the density-dependence exchange parameter, and with the indicated isoscalar effective mass. The proton and neutron radii exhibit decreasing behavior with the central zero-range and the spin–orbit terms, and with Ko, and m*. Increasing asym and L indicate slightly less (larger) proton (neutron) radius.
Application of deep learning technology for temporal analysis of videofluoroscopic swallowing studies
Authors: Jeong Seong Yun , Kim Jeong Min , Park Ji Eun , Baek Seung Jun , Yang Seung Nam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTemporal parameters during swallowing are analyzed for objective and quantitative evaluation of videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS). Manual analysis by clinicians is time-consuming, complicated and prone to human error during interpretation; therefore, automated analysis using deep learning has been attempted. We aimed to develop a model for the automatic measurement of various temporal parameters of swallowing using deep learning. Overall, 547 VFSS video clips were included. Seven temporal parameters were manually measured by two physiatrists as ground-truth data: oral phase duration, pharyngeal delay time, pharyngeal response time, pharyngeal transit time, laryngeal vestibule closure reaction time, laryngeal vestibule closure duration, and upper esophageal sphincter opening duration. ResNet3D was selected as the base model for the deep learning of temporal parameters. The performances of ResNet3D variants were compared with those of the VGG and I3D models used previously. The average accuracy of the proposed ResNet3D variants was from 0.901 to 0.981. The F1 scores and average precision were 0.794 to 0.941 and 0.714 to 0.899, respectively. Compared to the VGG and I3D models, our model achieved the best results in terms of accuracy, F1 score, and average precision values. Through the clinical application of this automatic model, temporal analysis of VFSS will be easier and more accurate.
Application of digitization and visualization-based muscle strength measurement in ischemic stroke patients with motor dysfunction
Authors: Ren Zhongyu , Ye Shangrong , Nie Qi , Feng Junlin , Liu Kaixiang , Li Qinghua , Wen Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIschemic stroke stands as a prevalent neurological ailment, where a paucity of methodologies exists for the assessment of functional outcomes post-stroke. Our objective was the development of a WeChat applet for the evaluation of muscle strength and the subsequent evaluation of its validity in ischemic stroke patients experiencing motor dysfunction. The assessment encompassed Lovett and NIHSS, followed by muscle strength values (MSV) and muscle strength ratios (MSR). These metrics were then scrutinized in relation to NIHSS and Lovett, followed by examination of their interrelationships. We enrolled a cohort of 157 patients, with an average age of 65 years, consisting of 96 males and 61 females. Lovett scores in the range of 2–4 and NIHSS scores spanning from 0 to 3 were found to correspond to specific values of MSV and MSR, respectively. Upon conducting correlation analysis, we noted that both MSV and MSR exhibited significant positive correlations with Lovett scores and NIHSS. Remarkably, the correlation of MSR with Lovett scores or NIHSS surpassed that of MSV. The WeChat applet offers a means of digitization and visualization of muscle strength. It correlates well with Lovett score and NIHSS, especially MSR. This bears potential significance in guiding the rehabilitation of stroke patients.
Novel porphyrin derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for stainless steel 304 in acidic environment: synthesis, electrochemical and quantum calculation studies
Authors: Fouda A. S. , Abdel-Wahed H. M. , Atia M. F. , El-Hossiany A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA Novel 5,10,15,20-tetra (thiophen-2-yl) porphyrin (P1) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (5-Bromothiophen-2-yl) porphyrin (P2) were successfully synthesized, and their chemical structures were proved based on its correct elemental analysis and spectral data (IR and 1H-NMR). These compounds were examined as corrosion inhibitors for stainless steel 304 (SS304) in 2 M HCl utilizing mass reduction (MR) and electrochemical tests at inhibitor concentration (1 × 10–6–21 × 10–6 M). The protection efficiency (IE %) was effectively enhanced with improving the concentration of investigated compounds and reached 92.5%, 88.5% at 21 × 10–6 M for P1 & P2, respectively and decreases with raising the temperature. Langmuir's isotherm was constrained as the best fitted isotherm depicts the physical–chemical adsorption capabilities of P1 & P2 on SS304 surface with change in ΔGoads = 22.5 kJ mol−1. According to the PDP data reported, P1 and P2 work as mixed find inhibitors to suppress both cathodic and anodic processes. Porphyrin derivatives (P1 & P2) are included on the surface of SS304, according to surface morphology techniques SEM/EDX and AFM. Quantum calculations (DFT) and Monte Carlo simulation (MC) showed the impact of the chemical structure of porphyrin derivatives on their IE %.
Research on crack propagation behaviour of EB-PVD TBCs based on TGO evolution
Authors: Wang Lulu , Zhan Jinying , Liu Yankuan , Wang Yuansheng , Ajayi Akinola , Wang Zhiping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) are functional coatings used to protect high-temperature components that are prone to early damage and premature failure under the influence of complex working conditions. This paper examines the crack propagation behaviour of 8% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) EB-PVD TBCs under different oxidation conditions at 1100 °C. The morphology of interfacial cracks after oxidation was summarized and the evolution of thermally grown oxide (TGO) was quantified. Based on the evolution of TGO, the causes of crack propagation were analyzed. For the specimens after oxidation experiment, the interfacial crack propagation behaviour was observed and analyzed by SEM, and the reason of lateral crack propagation was explained from the perspective of interfacial fracture toughness. The reason for crack deflection is analyzed from the perspective of energy release rate. The equivalent thickness, normalized rumpling index and two-dimensional roughness index were calculated, then the TGO growth behaviour was comprehensively analyzed and related to the crack propagation.