bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic inflammation mediates environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to increase chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk in United States adults: a cross-sectional NHANES study
Authors: Xiao Yingqi , Zhang Li , Liu Hu , Huang Wei 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThis study explored the relationship between environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and identified systemic inflammation as a mediator of the increased risk of COPD from PAHs.MethodsData were obtained from 60,936 middle-aged and older Americans recruited in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2016. Environmental PAHs were measured in terms of urinary concentrations of PAHs metabolites (NAP: 1-hydroxynaphthalene, FLU: 2-hydroxyfluorene, PA: 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, and PYR: 1-hydroxypyrene). We used multifactor logical analysis to figure out the link between PAHs and COPD, and the non-linear relationship was examined using Restricted cubic spline. Spearman correlation analysis was utilized to analyze the connection between PAHs and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII).ResultsThe results showed that the COPD population had higher NAP (3.550 vs. 3.282, p &lt; 0.001), FLU (2.501 vs. 2.307, p &lt; 0.001), PA (2.155 vs. 2.082, p = 0.005), and PYR (2.013 vs. 1.959, p = 0.008) levels than non-COPD population. In unadjusted logistics analysis, the risk of COPD with log NAP was higher [OR = 1.461, 95% CI (1.258–1.698), p &lt; 0.001]. Upon taking into account, confounders like sex, age, race, and log NAP still increased a possible COPD risk [OR = 1.429, 95% CI (1.224–1.669), p &lt; 0.001]. Similarly, FLU, PA, and PYR significantly increased the risk of COPD (all OR &gt; 1, p &lt; 0.05), both unadjusted and adjusted. Furthermore, Restricted cubic spline demonstrated a strong link between PAHs levels and COPD risk (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, a Spearman correlation analysis revealed a favorable association between log FLU and log SII (R = 0.43, p = 0.006), while NAP, PA, and PYR levels were not associated with log SII (all p &gt; 0.05). Ultimately, the mediating effect analysis revealed a mediating effect capacity of 5.34% for the SII-mediated association between FLU and COPD.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the risk of COPD is significantly increased when environmental PAHs exposure is at high levels, and that systemic inflammation may be involved in the process.
Non-fungible tokens in healthcare: a scoping review
Authors: Abhari Shahabeddin , Morita Plinio , Miranda Pedro Augusto Da Silva E. Souza , Garavand Ali , Hanjahanja-Phiri Thokozani , Chumachenko Dmytro 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionNon-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are digital assets that are verified using blockchain technology to ensure authenticity and ownership. NFTs have the potential to revolutionize healthcare by addressing various issues in the industry.MethodThe goal of this study was to identify the applications of NFTs in healthcare. Our scoping review was conducted in 2023. We searched the Scopus, IEEE, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane scientific databases using related keywords. The article selection process was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).ResultsAfter applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 13 articles were chosen. Then extracted data was summarized and reported. The most common application of NFTs in healthcare was found to be in health data management with 46% frequency, followed by supply chain management with 31% frequency. Furthermore, Ethereum is the main blockchain platform that is applied in NFTs in healthcare with 70%.DiscussionThe findings from this review indicate that the NFTs that are currently used in healthcare could transform it. Also, it appears that researchers have not yet investigated the numerous potentials uses of NFTs in the healthcare field, which could be utilized in the future.
Serum/plasma biomarkers and the progression of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Yichen , Xu Ziyuan , Zhang Yuting , Zhang Yue , Wang Danyang , Cheng Yangyang , Zhou Yaguan , Fawad Muhammad , Xu Xiaolin 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe role of certain biomarkers in the development of single cardiometabolic disease (CMD) has been intensively investigated. Less is known about the association of biomarkers with multiple CMDs (cardiometabolic multimorbidity, CMM), which is essential for the exploration of molecular targets for the prevention and treatment of CMM. We aimed to systematically synthesize the current evidence on CMM-related biomarkers.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Ebsco for relevant studies from inception until August 31st, 2022. Studies reported the association of serum/plasma biomarkers with CMM, and relevant effect sizes were included. The outcomes were five progression patterns of CMM: (1) no CMD to CMM; (2) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) followed by stroke; (3) T2DM followed by coronary heart disease (CHD); (4) T2DM followed by stroke or CHD; and (5) CHD followed by T2DM. Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. A meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the association of biomarkers and CMM.ResultsA total of 68 biomarkers were identified from 42 studies, which could be categorized into five groups: lipid metabolism, glycometabolism, liver function, immunity, and others. Lipid metabolism biomarkers were most reported to associate with CMM, including TC, TGs, HDL-C, LDL-C, and Lp(a). Fasting plasma glucose was also reported by several studies, and it was particularly associated with coexisting T2DM with vascular diseases. According to the quantitative meta-analysis, HDL-C was negatively associated with CHD risk among patients with T2DM (pooled OR for per 1 mmol/L increase = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.77–0.82), whereas a higher TGs level (pooled OR for higher than 150 mg/dL = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.10–1.75) was positively associated with CHD risk among female patients with T2DM.ConclusionCertain serum/plasma biomarkers were associated with the progression of CMM, in particular for those related to lipid metabolism, but heterogeneity and inconsistent findings still existed among included studies. There is a need for future research to explore more relevant biomarkers associated with the occurrence and progression of CMM, targeted at which is important for the early identification and prevention of CMM.
Working time reduction, mental health, and early retirement among part-time teachers at German upper secondary schools - a cross-sectional study
Authors: Seibt Reingard , Kreuzfeld Steffi 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveMany secondary school teachers work part-time in order to cope with the high workload and to remain as healthy as possible until regular retirement. However, due to the acute shortage of teachers, the increase in the teaching obligation for part-time teachers (PTT) has become a topic of discussion in Germany. Whether a reduction in teaching hours is associated with benefits for mental health has not yet become evident. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the real working hours of PTT and their mental health as well as individual pension prognosis.MethodsThe cross-sectional study included 5,905 PTT at German upper secondary schools (female proportion: 81%, average age: 44 ± 9 years) who logged their working hours over four weeks. Four part-time groups (PTG) were formed based on the proportion of a full-time position worked: maximum (&lt;100–90% = PTGmax – reference group – 17%), high (&lt;90–75% = PTGhigh – 34%), medium (&lt;75–50% = PTGmed – 40%) and low (&lt;50% = PTGlow – 9%) teaching commitment. These groups were compared in terms of their average weekly working hours, mental health (inability to recover, risk of burnout) and predicted retirement age.ResultsThe contractually agreed working time is exceeded to a relevant extent for PTT. The extent of unpaid overtime increases significantly the lower the teaching obligation is and lies on average between −0.4 (PTGmax) and 7.3 (PTGlow) hours/week. A reduction in teaching hours is neither related to the mental health of teachers nor to their decision to retire early (42%) or regularly (58%). However, predicted retirement is mainly explained by mental health status, gender and age (variance explanation: 24%, OR of predictors: maximum 2.1). One third of PTT reported inability to recover, 47% burnout symptoms and 3% a burnout syndrome.ConclusionMental health is also a risk for PTT; reducing teaching hours alone does not improve it. However, good mental health increases the chance of regular retirement. Therefore, instead of a legal obligation, PTT should be encouraged to increase the number of teaching hours voluntarily in order to counteract the general shortage of teachers.
Radiomic analysis of the proximal femur in osteoporosis women using 3T MRI
Authors: Martel Dimitri , Monga Anmol , Chang Gregory 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionOsteoporosis (OP) results in weak bone and can ultimately lead to fracture. MRI assessment of bone structure and microarchitecture has been proposed as method to assess bone quality and fracture risk in vivo. Radiomics provides a framework to analyze the textural information of MR images. The purpose of this study was to analyze the radiomic features and its abilityto differentiate between subjects with and without prior fragility fracture.MethodsMRI acquisition was performed on n = 45 female OP subjects: 15 with fracture history (Fx) and 30 without fracture history (nFx) using a high-resolution 3D Fast Low Angle Shot (FLASH) sequence at 3T. Second and first order radiomic features were calculated in the trabecular region of the proximal femur on T1-weighted MRI signal of a matched dataset. Significance of the feature’s predictive ability was measured using Wilcoxon test and Area Under the ROC (AUROC) curve analysis. The features were correlated DXA and FRAX score.ResultA set of three independent radiomic features (Dependence Non-Uniformity (DNU), Low Gray Level Emphasis (LGLE) and Kurtosis) showed significant ability to predict fragility fracture (AUROC DNU = 0.751, p &lt; 0.05; AUROC LGLE = 0.729, p &lt; 0.05; AUROC Kurtosis = 0.718, p &lt; 0.05) with low to moderate correlation with FRAX and DXA.ConclusionRadiomic features can measure bone health in MRI of proximal femur and has the potential to predict fracture.
Impact of everolimus plus calcineurin inhibitor on formation of non-HLA antibodies and graft outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: 12-month results from the ATHENA substudy
Authors: Philippe Aurélie , Arns Wolfgang , Ditt Vanessa , Hauser Ingeborg A. , Thaiss Friedrich , Sommerer Claudia , Suwelack Barbara , Dragun Duska , Hillen Jan , Schiedel Christiane , Elsässer Anja , Nashan Björn 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundNon-human leukocyte antigen (non-HLA) antibodies including antibodies targeting Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1R) and Endothelin-1 type A (ETAR) receptors represent a topic of interest in kidney transplantation (KTx). This exploratory substudy evaluated the impact of everolimus (EVR) or mycophenolic acid (MPA) in combination with tacrolimus (TAC) or cyclosporine A (CsA) in patients with preformed non-HLA antibodies, potentially associated rejections and/or their impact on renal function over 1 year.MethodsAll eligible patients were randomized (1:1:1) before transplantation to receive either EVR/TAC, EVR/CsA, or MPA/TAC regimen. The effect of these regimens on the formation of non-HLA antibodies within one year post de novo KTx and the association with clinical events was evaluated descriptively in randomized (n = 268) population.ResultsAt Month 12, in EVR/TAC group, higher incidence of patients negative for AT1R- and ETAR-antibodies (82.2% and 76.7%, respectively) was noted, whereas the incidence of AT1R- and ETAR-antibodies positivity (28.1% and 34.7%, respectively) was higher in the MPA/TAC group. Non-HLA antibodies had no influence on clinical outcomes in any treatment group and no graft loss or death was reported.ConclusionsThe studied combinations of immunosuppressants were safe with no influence on clinical outcomes and suggested minimal exposure of calcineurin inhibitors for better patient management.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ (NCT01843348; EudraCT number: 2011-005238-21).
An early start at a professional soccer academy is no prerequisite for world cup soccer participation
Authors: Platvoet Sebastiaan Willem-Jan , Heuveln Germen van , Dijk Jos van , Stevens Tom , Niet Mark de 
Published: November 2023

Introduction829 players from 32 nations on five continents participated in the 2022 men's World Cup tournament in Qatar. Not much is known about the youth careers of World Cup players from all over the world, especially about the age at which they began playing youth soccer in a professional academy. This study aimed to provide insights in the age national team players participating in World Cup Qatar 2022 started playing for a professional soccer academy and whether their starting age relates to continent and their current playing position (i.e., goalkeepers, defenders, midfielders, and forwards).MethodSystematic online desk research was conducted to determine the age at which World Cup players started playing for professional youth soccer organizations. The median and interquartile ranges were expressed for the starting age in professional youth soccer organizations and the current age at the World Cup. The variables were compared with playing position, the continent of the player's World Cup nation, and the continent on which the player was raised.ResultsThe results reveal that World Cup Qatar 2022 players started playing for professional soccer academies at a median age of 13.2 years (range: 4.2–22.6). In Europe, players started playing for professional youth soccer organizations earlier than players on other continents [χ2 (4) = 142.0, p &lt; 0.001]. We also found a younger starting age in forwards than goalkeepers (p &lt; 0.05).DiscussionIn most established soccer nations in Europe and South-America, World Cup players started playing for professional soccer academies before the age of 12. However, a significant number of players started later, especially players on other continents, which reveals the different pathways youth players can follow to the elites.
Upcycling of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from aquaculture sludge using the polychaete Hediste diversicolor (OF Müller, 1776) (Annelida: Nereididae)
Authors: Anglade Inka , Kristensen Bjørn S. B. , Dahl Thomas H. , Hagemann Andreas , Malzahn Arne M. , Reitan Kjell Inge 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionFocusing on circular bioeconomy and finding solutions for managing finite and scarce resources such as phosphorus are issues that need to be addressed across sectors to attain food security. Land-based aquaculture of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolt and post-smolt results in a large output of aquaculture sludge. These nutrient-rich side streams from aquaculture production constitute a valuable resource for cultivation of polychaetes Hediste diversicolor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of H. diversicolor to upcycle carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contained in aquaculture sludge from Norwegian salmon production.Material and methodsWe investigated the effect of two diets, smolt sludge and post-smolt sludge, which were supplied at four different feed levels, on the gain of C, N, and P in H. diversicolor and established uptake rates for the upcycling of these nutrients. Additionally, we examined how different feed composition (type of diet) and supply (feel level) influenced C, N, and P content as well as the elemental ratios of H. diversicolor.Results and discussionPolychaetes fed with both types of sludge were shown to incorporate C, N, and P from their diets into biomass. Incorporation of C, N, and P in polychaete biomass was highest at the highest feed levels, following specific growth rates. Uptake of diet C, N, and P into polychaete biomass was similar for both diets and across feed levels. On average, C and N uptake rates amounted to 2–10% and 2–15%, respectively, while values for P uptake were lower at 0.5–1.5%. C, N, and P content of polychaetes was not affected by different diets or feed levels while the C:N ratio increased with increasing feed supply. Overall, we found that H. diversicolor can successfully take up nutrients contained in aquaculture sludge and thus can be beneficial for upcycling of side streams from Atlantic salmon production.
Oxidative stress in occupational exposure to styrene vapors and dangerous chemicals in the shipbuilding industry
Authors: Pigini Daniela , Paci Enrico , Guglielmetti Rachele , Tranfo Giovanna , Spagnoli Mariangela , Fetoni Annarita , Tricarico Laura , Sisto Renata 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: In the shipbuilding industry, workers are exposed to a variety of dangerous chemicals, styrene being one of them. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified styrene as a chemical belonging to group 2A, which means it is probably carcinogenic to humans. This study aimed at evaluating the oxidative stress effects due to occupational exposure to styrene and other chemicals.Materials and methods: Styrene urinary metabolites, such as mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid, and the urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress, i.e., oxidation products of DNA and RNA and of proteins, were measured in a group of 17 workers and compared to the concentrations found in a group of 17 healthy volunteers who had not been exposed to chemicals.Results and discussion: Statistically significant differences were found for 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxiguanosine (8-oxodGuo) concentrations that are higher in workers than in the control group. The workers performing the tasks of painting are the most exposed to styrene and show higher concentrations of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo). Workers performing the tasks of wood refining and welding are less exposed to styrene but have higher concentrations of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodGuo.Conclusion: The exposure scenario in shipbuilding is a complex one, in which different xenobiotics are simultaneously present. The oxidative stress effect biomarkers, obtained from the oxidation product of RNA and DNA, are promising, sensitive, but not specific.
An Integrative Approach for Identifying Quinquelaophonte (Harpacticoida, Laophontidae) Species from Korea with the Description of a New Species
Authors: Kim Jaehyun , Lee Wonchoel 
Published: November 2023

Quinquelaophonte is a genus of laophontid harpacticoid, including 13 valid species around the world. Many of them are known to possess inter- and/or intra-individual variations in their swimming legs. During a survey of the meiofaunal biodiversity of Jeju Island in Korea, specimens of Quinquelaophonte were collected from an intertidal zone off the west coast of Jeju Island. This study examined the morphological characteristics and amplified partial sequence of four genes (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, COX1, and CYTB). As with other Quinquelaophonte species, specimens of this new species showed variability in the chaetotaxy of their swimming legs in both sexes. There was a setal arrangement pattern in females that could be considered a standard, whereas male individuals showed two sets of the chaetotaxy on the fourth swimming legs. The molecular data confirmed that individuals belonged to a single species, regardless of morphological variations. The result of the morphological comparison showed that the new Quinquelaohponte species shared some characteristics with congeneric species but included some specific morphological characters different from its congeners. The new species was named Quinquelaophonte sominer sp. nov. and was presented with detailed descriptions, illustrations, and confocal micrographs. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses were conducted using newly obtained data plus the sequences of other copepods and two Quinquelaophonte species. The result suggested that Q. sominer sp. nov. and two congeners were classified as branched lineages. This discovery brings the total number of species to three in the Northwest Pacific region.
The Impact of MRSA Colonization on Healthcare-Associated Infections in Long-Term Care Facility Residents: A Whole-Genome Sequencing-Based Study
Authors: Callejón Fernández Manuel , Abreu Rodríguez Rossana , Arias Ángeles , Aguirre-Jaime Armando , Castro Hernández María Beatriz , Ramos Real María José , Pedroso Fernández Yanet , Lecuona María 
Published: November 2023

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization has been considered a risk factor for the development of infection, however, there are no studies that have compared the colonizing and infecting strains using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for MRSA colonization among long-term care facilities (LTCF) residents of Tenerife (Spain), and to analyze the epidemiological relationship between the colonizing and infecting strains using WGS. A point-prevalence study was carried out at 14 LTCFs in Tenerife from October 2020 to May 2021. Nasal swabs were cultured for MRSA. Colonized residents were followed up for two years. A phylogenetic comparison between colonization and infection strains was performed using WGS. A total of 764 residents were included. The prevalence of colonization by MRSA was 28.1% (n = 215), of which 12 (5.6%) subsequently developed infection. A close genetic relationship between colonization and infection isolates was found in three of the four (75%) residents studied. Our study confirms that colonized residents can develop serious MRSA infections from the same nasal colonization strain. Given the high prevalence of MRSA colonization in these centers, it is necessary to implement strategies with preventive measures to avoid the development of infection and the transmission of MRSA.
Влияние экспрессии андрогеновых рецепторов на клинико-морфологические особенности и выживаемость пациентов с трижды негативным раком молочной железы
Authors: Панченко И.С. , Родионов В.В. , Панченко С.В. , Шарафутдинов М.Г. 
Published: November 2023

Цель работы - определить влияние экспрессии андрогеновых рецепторов на клиническое течение и прогноз у пациенток с трижды негативным раком молочной железы.
Проведен анализ клинико-морфологических и прогностических параметров у 253 пациенток с инвазивным трижды негативным раком молочной железы.
Было продемонстрировано, что экспрессия андрогенных рецепторов при трижды негативном раке молочной железы статистически значимо ассоциируется с возрастом, местно-распространенной формой заболевания, мультифокальным характером роста, инвазивным дольковым и особым гистологическим формами опухолей, низкой степенью злокачественности, низким уровнем Ki67 и не ассоциируется с общей и безрецидивной выживаемостью.
Установлено, что экспрессия андрогеновых рецепторов при трижды негативном раке молочной железы ассоциируется с определенными клинико-морфологическим параметрами опухоли, но не влияет на прогноз.

Ключевые слова: рак молочной железы, трижды негативный рак молочной железы (ТНРМЖ), андрогеновые рецепторы (АР), общая выживаемость, безрецидивная выживаемость.