bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cold spray forming: a novel approach in cold spray additive manufacturing of complex parts using 3D-printed polymer molds
Authors: Kindermann Philipp , Strasser Maximilian , Wunderer Martin , Uensal Ismail , Horn Max , Seidel Christian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe solid-state additive manufacturing (AM) process cold spraying (CS) offers advantageous properties such as melt-free near-net-shape part fabrication and high deposition rates. Compared to other metal-based AM processes such as the powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) or directed energy deposition (DED) processes such as laser metal deposition (DED-LB), CS features lower part resolution. One solution to increase the achievable level of detail is spraying onto removable molds. No study exists that investigates the general feasibility and manufacturing boundaries, from which design guidelines could be derived. In this paper, the applicability of material extruded and thermally bonded polymer (MEX-TRB/P) shapes, which is especially suitable for flexible low-cost production of small batches, as molds for cold spray additive manufacturing (CSAM) is investigated. For this purpose, material extruded thermoplastics are examined regarding their suitability for the CS process. Furthermore, geometrical and thus constructive restrictions of this new approach “Cold Spray Forming” (CSF) are analyzed using an industry-relevant use case. It was shown that the feasibility of this approach could be determined by the material value hardness of the sprayed polymer substrates.
WPA Digitalization in Mental Health and Care: Empirical Report on Action Plan and Related Activities
Authors: Ramalho Rodrigo , Volpe Umberto , Gaebel Wolfgang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDigital health is increasingly gaining momentum in psychiatry, contributing to better public mental health. The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) is committed to capacity building and training in global mental health and care by integrating competencies and resources, including digital means. The WPA Action Plan Working Group on Digitalization in Mental Health and Care supports the promotion and implementation of digital health in mental health care worldwide. The Working Group is active in producing and improving evidence, data acquisition, policy development, education, and implementation of digital mental health and care. The Working Group has recently completed a survey shared with all 145 WPA member societies to draw a baseline account of the availability, use, and impact of digital health globally. The survey covered questions on digitalization in general and mental health care regarding the status and spectrum of digital tools and programs used in each represented country. The survey, supported by the WPA President, Staff, and 18 Zonal Representatives, was completed by member societies from all WPA/World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Findings will help ensuring accessibility, equity, and progress in country-adapted upscaling of digital mental health and care. Survey results, together with our newly developed WPA official position statement on digitalization, provide clear priorities and targeted interventions that will guide WPA to support the development and implementation of digital mental health and care to transform health systems worldwide, improve professional collaboration, promote mental health, prevent stigma, and ensure universal mental health coverage.
Constructing a continuous reduced graphene oxide network in porous plant fiber sponge for highly compressible and sensitive piezoresistive sensors
Authors: Zhao Gang , Qian Feng , Li Xinyi , Tang Yuhan , Sheng Ye , Li Handong , Rao Jiuping , Singh Man Vir , Algadi Hassan , Niu Min , Zhang Weijie , Guo Zhanhu , Peng Xiangfang , Chen Tingjie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors as wearable electronic devices to monitor human health have attracted significant attention. Herein, a simple and effective carbonization-free method is proposed to prepare a compressible and conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO)–modified plant fiber sponge (defined as rGO-PFS). The introduced GO can not only coat on the surface of plant fibers, but also form a large amount of aerogel with microcellular structure in the macroporous PFS. After reduction treatment, the rGO-PFS can form a double-continuous conductive network of rGO aerogel. With the improvement of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the rGO-PFS@PDMS composite exhibits outstanding compressibility (up to 60% compression strain), excellent durability (10,000 stable compression cycles at 50% strain), high sensitivity (234.07 kPa−1 in a pressure range of 20 ~ 387.2 Pa), low detection limit (20 Pa), and rapid response time (28 ms) for practical wearable applications.
Graphical Abstract

A compressible and conductive reduced graphene oxide–modified plant fiber sponge is prepared by a simple and effective carbonization-free method. With the improvement of polydimethylsiloxane, the sponge exhibits outstanding compressibility, durability, high sensitivity, low detection limit, and rapid response time for practical wearable applications.
Fabrication, electrical performance analysis and photovoltaic characterization of β-H2Pc/p-Si heterojunction for solar cell device applications
Authors: El-Saady A. A. , El-Nahass M. M. , Roushdy N. , Abdel Basset Dalia M. , Farag A. A. M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the potential of nanocrystalline β-metal-free phthalocyanine (β-H2Pc) in optoelectronics, particularly for the creation of a β-H2Pc/p-Si heterojunction. With a focus on photovoltaic performance, the present work aimed to assess its thermal stability, crystalline structure, optical characteristics, electrical behavior, and applicability in optoelectronic applications. We successfully fabricated a β-H2Pc/p-Si heterojunction at room temperature using a conventional high-vacuum thermal evaporation method, offering a practical approach for integrating these materials into electronic devices. Thermal gravimetric Assessment (TGA) confirmed β-H2Pc’s remarkable thermal stability up to 470 °C, which holds significant promise for high-temperature applications. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed the nanocrystalline nature of the deposited β-H2Pc, which is crucial for the structural integrity of advanced electronic devices. The absorption coefficient spectrum exhibited distinct absorption bands attributed to π–π* excitations, with electronic transitions identified and characterized by a 1.51 eV onset band gap and a 2.74 eV fundamental optical energy gap, highlighting its potential in optoelectronic applications. The current–voltage characteristics of the β-H2Pc/p-Si heterojunction displayed a diode-like behavior at various temperatures, with excellent rectifying properties. Photovoltaic behavior under illumination showed a power conversion efficiency of 1.1%, emphasizing its promise for renewable energy applications and future optoelectronic devices.
Application of Wox2a in transformation of recalcitrant maize genotypes
Authors: Liu Qiangbo , Zhang Xian Sheng , Su Ying Hua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe genetic transformation plays an important role in plant gene functional analysis and its genetic improvement. However, only a limited number of maize germplasms can be routinely transformed. The maize gene Wuschel-like homeobox protein 2a (Wox2a) was shown to play a crucial role in promoting the formation of embryonic cells and enhancing the efficiency of genetic transformation in maize. This commentary discusses the mechanism by which the Wox2a gene contributes to the variation in embryogenic tissue culture response among different maize inbred lines. In addition, the frequency and intensity of Wox2a or Wus2/Bbm vector-induced somatic embryogenesis was also discussed. The application of Wox2a in transformation of recalcitrant maize genotypes could well accelerate the development of maize genetic improvement.
Developing a sense of belonging among biracial individuals: a case study exploring the social context
Authors: Eid Farah Mamdouh Ashour , Parker Samuel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrevious research highlights that biracial people may struggle to fit into their racial groups due to their dual identities. However, much of this research focuses on identity development and a sense of belonging within an educational context. This study aimed to explore how biracial individuals experience a sense of belonging to their racial groups within a social context. Six biracial participants aged 18–27 participated in semi-structured online interviews to explore their experiences qualitatively. A thematic analysis was conducted and three themes were identified: immediate family guidance on being biracial, extended family impacts on feeling connected to racial groups, and language shapes feelings of inclusion or exclusion to racial groups. The findings suggest that immediate family can enhance a person’s sense of belonging. However, there were varied experiences regarding how extended family impacts sense of belonging. Language proficiency was an important factor to connect with people from the same racial backgrounds. Further research is needed to explore other factors such as religion and perceptions as they can impact feeling a sense of belonging.
Corrosion inhibition and synergistic effect of ionic liquids and iodide ions on the corrosion of C-steel in formation water associated with crude oil
Authors: Abd El Wanees S. , Kamel M. M. , Ibrahim Magdy , Rashwan S. M. , Atef Y. , Abd Elsadek M. G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe inhibition effect of some of three different ionic liquids namely, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10 on the corrosion behavior of C-steel immersed in 10% formation water (FW) solutions was examined at various concentrations and temperatures. Gravimetric measurements were complemented by surface investigation for some corroded C-steel samples using a scanning electron microscope (SCE). The inhibition efficiency, IE %, was found to increase with increasing the inhibitor concentration depending on its type while the rise in the solution temperature reduces the IE %. At optimum concentration of 500 the IE % reaches 52.21%, 45.83%, and 43.98%, successively, with IL10, IL8, and IL4. The presence of 0.02 M KI mixed with 500 ppm enhances the IE % to reach a maximum value of 90.5%, 85.6%, and 77.9%, successively, with IL10, IL8, and IL4. The existence of KI is considered an effective co-inhibitor that introduces a synergistic effect and stimulates the synergism. The inhibition mechanism was discussed through an adsorption process that follows the Langmuir model. The thermodynamic data suggests the existence of physisorption besides chemisorption processes on the surface of the C-steel surface.
Single cell transcriptomics reveal the heterogeneities of TCR Vα7.2+CD161+ and TCR Vα7.2+CD161− T cells in human peripheral blood
Authors: Li Mingyang , Jin Hua , Wei Ling , Zhang Tianzhen , Huang Shiyang , Sun Guangyong , Zhang Jian , Jia Jidong , Li Chunquan , Zhang Dong , Tian Dan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
T cell receptor (TCR) usually determines the specificity and unique function of T cells. Recently, the unconventional T cells with a unique TCR have attracted great attentions because of their clinical importance. TCR Vα7.2+ cells, that consist of the CD161+ mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and CD161− non-MAIT T cells, have been reported to play crucial roles in immune defenses. However, their characterizations in human blood are still obscure. This study aims to investigate the signatures and functions of circulating TCR Vα7.2+CD161+ MAIT and TCR Vα7.2+CD161− cells under steady state.

Methods
The TCR Vα7.2+CD161+ and TCR Vα7.2+CD161− cells were separately sorted from healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and send for single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Flow cytometry analysis was used to verify the findings obtained from scRNA-seq analysis.

Results
Our findings demonstrated that there are more TCR Vα7.2+CD161+ cells than TCR Vα7.2+CD161− cells in healthy donor PBMCs and revealed the differences between them. Under steady state, 4 TCR Vα7.2+CD161+ MAIT clusters existed in peripheral blood. Pseudotime analysis further implied the development trajectory of these MAIT cells, which was ordered from CCR7+ resting cluster to LGALS3+ transitional cluster, followed by KLRG1+ cluster and ending with CX3CR1+ terminally differentiated cytotoxic cluster. In addition, our results revealed that TCR Vα7.2+CD161− cells consist of different kind of conventional T cells. These TCR Vα7.2+CD161− non-MAIT cells showed a higher level of Granzyme B expression and upregulated genes associated with cytotoxicity, which implicated their roles in immune defense.

Conclusion
Our findings advanced the understandings of the evolution of circulating MAIT cells. We also preliminarily defined the TCR Vα7.2+CD161− PBMCs as a combination of versatile CD4+ and CD8+ populations with cytotoxicity.
Production of reactive oxygen species and its role in mediating the abiotic transformation of organic carbon in sandy soil under vegetation restoration
Authors: Liu Fuhao , Zhu Kecheng , Wang Zhiqiang , Liu Jinbo , Ni Zheng , Ding Yuanyuan , Zhang Chi , Jia Hanzhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe significant impact of vegetation restoration on the turnover of organic carbon (OC) is mainly attributed to biological processes. However, the contribution of abiotic processes associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) during vegetation restoration has remained largely overlooked. Therefore, we systematically explored ROS distribution and production mechanisms in sandy soil and their corresponding effects on OC oxidation through field monitoring and incubation experiments. The cumulative concentrations of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) produced within 24 h varied in different soils undergoing vegetation restoration, ranging from 2.36 to 22.05 μmol kg‒1, which were derived from the Fenton-like reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and biotic-induced Fe(II). In addition, during the oxidation of reductive SOC, H2O2 can be formed and react with Fe(II) to generate •OH. Further, •OH significantly induced the abiotic transformation of OC, accounting for 15.93%‒25.80% of carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux. Specifically, 1 mol •OH can induce the production of 0.01–0.02 mol CO2 for particulate organic carbon (POC) and 0.03‒0.23 mol CO2 for mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), as demonstrated by chemical quenching and sterilisation experiments. This indicated that MOC was more sensitive to •OH attacks. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the accumulation of ROS in sandy soils during vegetation restoration, with •OH playing a key role in SOC oxidation, as well as the patterns of SOC turnover and its response to changes in the soil environment.
Graphical Abstract
Women's Work: The Gendered Nature of Appointment Politics in Subnational China
Authors: Jiang Xinhui , Eaton Sarah , Kostka Genia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile comparative research on gender and politics has produced a sizable literature on the appointment of women to cabinet positions in democracies, we know surprisingly little about appointment practices in authoritarian contexts at subnational levels. We address this gap with the resumés of 3,681 political appointees in subnational China (2003–2020). Our analysis reveals that subnational Chinese politics meets most of the criteria scholars put forward as being indicative of gendered institutions: (1) women and men's career patterns are different; (2) women are assigned to more feminine posts, while masculine posts provide more promotion opportunities; and (3) regarding backgrounds, women are younger, better educated and more likely to be ethnic minorities as a result of the implementation of tandem quotas. The findings advance the literature on gender and politics, showing that gender's effect on appointment transcends regime types and the dichotomy of national/subnational politics.
Work, marriage and premature birth: the socio-medicalisation of pregnancy in state socialist East-Central Europe
Authors: Lišková Kateřina , Jarska Natalia , Gagyiova Annina , Aguilar López-Barajas José Luis , Rábová Šárka Caitlín 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReproductive health in state socialism is usually viewed as an area in which the broader contexts of women’s lives were disregarded. Focusing on expert efforts to reduce premature births, we show that the social aspects of women’s lives received the most attention. In contrast to typical descriptions emphasising technological medicalisation and pharmaceuticalisation, we show that expertise in early socialism was concerned with socio-medical causes of prematurity, particularly work and marriage. The interest in physical work in the 1950s evolved towards a focus on psychological factors in the 1960s and on broader socio-economic conditions in the 1970s. Experts highlighted marital happiness as conducive to healthy birth and considered unwed women more prone to prematurity. By the 1980s, social factors had faded from interest in favour of a bio-medicalised view. Our findings are based on a rigorous comparative analysis of medical journals from Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia and East Germany.
Trained Army Nurses in Colonial India: Early Experiences and Challenges
Authors: George Preethi Mariam , Lourdusamy John Bosco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe paper examines the introduction of trained female nurses for the British army men in colonial India between 1888 and 1920. It discusses the genesis of the Indian Nursing Service (INS), including the background and negotiations leading up to its formation, terms of employment, duties and working conditions of the nursing sisters. The memoir of Catharine Grace Loch, who served as the first Chief Lady Superintendent of the service is used extensively to trace the early experiences and challenges of the nursing sisters. The paper primarily argues that the INS being a new service, the colonial government maintained tight control over its functioning, and extreme conservatism in spending, thus retarding the growth of professional army nursing in India. Secondly, in examining the relations between the sisters and the (male) nursing orderlies, sub-medical and medical officers, the paper argues that the inadequate delineation of the nursing sisters’ position in the military medical hierarchy was an important reason for the undermining of their expertise and status. Thirdly, the paper contends that as an all-women service, nursing constituted an important avenue of female agency within the patriarchal colonial establishment, which subjected the sisters to scrutiny both professionally and socially. The paper analyses the resultant conditions and regulations imposed on the sisters – most of them determined by gender and class notions. Finally, the paper discusses the gradual establishment and recognition of the service as an important cornerstone for the health of the army, while highlighting the shortcomings that yet persisted up until 1920.
What is helpful in everyday living with dementia at home? Learning from families’ diverse scenarios
Authors: Guðnadóttir Margrét , Ceci Christine , Kirkevold Marit , Snædal Jón , Björnsdóttir Kristín 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As the population ages and the prevalence of dementia increases, caring for a relative living at home with dementia has become a reality for many families worldwide. Studies have shown that families are confronted with diverse difficulties as they try to address the challenges involved in providing care. By understanding how they manage daily life, formal service providers become better equipped to meet the diverse needs of these families. Learning how families live with memory loss and cognitive changes calls for an understanding of the shared context surrounding the person, including the collective of people, and their connections. With the research method of ethnographic case study, we followed eight families living at home with dementia for two years. All participants had been placed on a waiting list for a specialised dementia day care programme. The analysis presented here is based on three cases which reflect widely different experiences and situations. We describe how these families dealt with their daily living at home, if and how they made use of the formal support available and what approaches they found helpful for improving their lives. The results show how the persons living with dementia and their care-givers drew on the collective of their backgrounds, surroundings and available support. With diverse arrangements, families tried to find ways to make their daily lives work out. But constant re-arrangement was necessary. This knowledge could be a central learning point for formal service to build on. While systematic or routine procedures in service provision can be helpful, time and space must be provided for professionals to understand families' different practices, so that they can provide family-centred support.
Dual UWB bandpass filter with highly band-to-band rejection using stepped impedance stub-loaded resonators for WBAN health-care applications
Authors: Alsakka Mohammed Husam , Zewani Mohammed , Albadawieh Abdelrazak 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of communication technology, the researches of multi-band filtering circuits have become more and more important. Multimode resonator (MMR) is one of the vital methods to provide multi-resonant modes within a single design. In this paper, a dual-band ultra-wideband bandpass filter (UWB-BPF) using stepped impedance stub-loaded resonators (SI-SLR) is presented. The main advantage of using SI-SLR is to have better performance with multimode behavior and more parameters to control resonant modes. SI-SLR combines the advantages of SIR and SLR structures, which gives a compact, high-performance multiband filter. The proposed filter design has compact size, sharp and flat response with low insertion loss (IL), low return loss (RL), and high band-to-band rejection. The filter is designed for UWB communication in wireless body area networks and fabricated on Arlon substrate with relative permittivity ${\varepsilon_{\textrm{r}}} = 3.25$, thickness $0.8\;{\textrm{mm}}$. The resulted dual-bands are centered at $4{\textrm{ GHz}}$ and $8.3{\textrm{ GHz}}$ with fractional bandwidths $37{\textrm{% }}$ and $48{\textrm{%}}$. The simulation was carried out using CST Microwave Studio. The filter provides good passband performances, with IL 0.49 dB and 0.31 dB at the center frequency of lower and higher bands, respectively. The band-to-band 40 dB rejection is realized by adding circular spiral at the input/output of the filter.