bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why Do Applicants (Dis)Like Selection Methods? The Role of Stimulus and Response Format for Need Satisfaction
Authors: Schröder Valerie S. , Kleinmann Martin , Heimann Anna Luca , Ingold Pia V. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In today’s employment market, it is important to use selection instruments that resonate positively with applicants. To advance the theoretical understanding of why applicants react differently to different selection instruments, this study examines how the satisfaction of basic psychological needs influences applicant reactions, specifically perceived interpersonal warmth and opportunity to perform. Using a 2 × 2 between-subjects design, this study systematically manipulated two method factors, namely, the stimulus format (written vs. interactive) and the response format (open-ended vs. close-ended) of selection instruments that were designed to measure the same personality traits. Drawing on self-determination theory, this study proposes and tests the satisfaction of the needs for relatedness, autonomy, and competence as a mechanism to explain the relationships between specific method factors and applicant reactions. Regarding the stimulus format, results indicated no effect on need satisfaction, but a positive effect of an interactive stimulus format on interpersonal warmth, when combined with an open-ended response format. Regarding the response format, results indicated that an open-ended response format increased perceptions of opportunity to perform, mediated by greater satisfaction of the need for autonomy. Practical implications for the design of selection instruments are presented.
On Tractable Convex Relaxations of Standard Quadratic Optimization Problems under Sparsity Constraints
Authors: Bomze Immanuel , Peng Bo , Qiu Yuzhou , Yıldırım E. Alper 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Standard quadratic optimization problems (StQPs) provide a versatile modelling tool in various applications. In this paper, we consider StQPs with a hard sparsity constraint, referred to as sparse StQPs. We focus on various tractable convex relaxations of sparse StQPs arising from a mixed-binary quadratic formulation, namely, the linear optimization relaxation given by the reformulation–linearization technique, the Shor relaxation, and the relaxation resulting from their combination. We establish several structural properties of these relaxations in relation to the corresponding relaxations of StQPs without any sparsity constraints, and pay particular attention to the rank-one feasible solutions retained by these relaxations. We then utilize these relations to establish several results about the quality of the lower bounds arising from different relaxations. We also present several conditions that ensure the exactness of each relaxation.
99mTc-radiolabeling study of 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxypropyl-1,1-bisphosphonic acid as a potential bone imaging agent
Authors: Hamouda Walid , Abdel-Motaleb Mohamed , El-Tawoosy Mahmoud , Sanad Mahmoud , Rizk Sameh , El-Hashash Maher 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxypropyl-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (TyrBP), a nitrogenated bisphosphonate (NBP), has been synthesized in a one-pot two-step process involving the phosphonation of L-tyrosine with phosphorus reagents (PCl3 and H3PO3) followed by hydrolysis. TyrBP was characterized using IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy, and underwent a 99mTc-radiolabeling study to produce a potential bone imaging agent using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent for 99mTc eluted from the 99Mo/99mTc generator. Optimization of the radiolabeling conditions was performed to achieve a high radiochemical yield.
Citizen science reveals socio-economic influences on solitary bee abundance across multiple scales in a Global South city
Authors: Reynolds Chevonne , Henry Dominic A. W. , Kalyan Brishan , Pencharz Paris , Shilubane Natasha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Urban ecosystems exhibit complex biodiversity patterns influenced by both socio-economic and ecological factors. While the role of ecological factors is widely recognised, the relationships between socio-economic and ecological factors, particularly across various spatial scales and considering both landscape composition and configuration, remains underexplored. This limits our understanding of urban environments as interconnected socio-ecological systems.

Objectives
We examine the influence of socio-economic and ecological landscape factors on solitary bee abundance, aiming to elucidate the complex socio-ecological dynamics shaping urban biodiversity across multiple scales.

Methods
Data on solitary bee abundance were gathered through a citizen science campaign, supported by 347 participants from Johannesburg, South Africa. We explored the correlations and interactions between solitary bee abundance, socio-economic status (i.e. annual household income) and landscape composition and configuration (i.e. urban green cover and NDVI, and urban vegetation patch density and cohesion), assessing these relationships at 300 m, 2000 m, and 5000 m scales.

Results
Annual household income was significantly positively correlated with solitary bee abundance across all spatial scales examined, likely due to increased investment in gardens with diverse floral resources in affluent areas. In contrast, our ecological factors, including both landscape composition and configuration metrics, exhibited negligible effects on solitary bee abundance across all spatial scales.

Conclusions
The strong positive relationship between annual household income and bee abundance across scales highlights potential disparities in access to biodiversity and ecosystem services within Johannesburg. Our results indicate the presence of environmental injustice in this African city and reflect the need for integrating socio-economic factors into landscape ecology. Policies on urban greening that consider both socio-economic and ecological factors are essential for equitable, sustainable urban ecosystems.
Generation of artificial facial drug abuse images using deep de-identified anonymous dataset augmentation through genetics algorithm (3DG-GA)
Authors: Zein Hazem , Laurent Lou , Fournier Régis , Nait-Ali Amine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In biomedical research and artificial intelligence, access to large, well-balanced, and representative datasets is crucial for developing trustworthy applications that can be used in real-world scenarios. However, obtaining such datasets can be challenging, as they are often restricted to hospitals and specialized facilities. To address this issue, the study proposes to generate highly realistic synthetic faces exhibiting drug abuse traits through augmentation. The proposed method, called ”3DG-GA”, Deep De-identified anonymous Dataset Generation, uses a Genetic Algorithm as a strategy for synthetic face generation. The algorithm includes GAN-based artificial face generation, forgery detection, and face recognition. Initially, a dataset of 120 images of actual facial drug abuse is used. By preserving the drug traits, the 3DG-GA provides a dataset containing 3000 synthetic facial drug abuse images. The dataset will be open to the scientific community, allowing others to reproduce our results and benefit from the generated datasets while avoiding legal or ethical restrictions. Additionally, we validated the dataset by training a CNN model on the synthetic images and validating it on previously unseen real images. The model achieved an accuracy of 97.2% on the unseen real images, demonstrating the high quality and applicability of the synthetic data.
The Multimorbidity Questionnaire (MMQ1): English translation and validation of a Danish patient reported outcome measure for quality of life in people with multiple long-term conditions in a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sweeney Kieran , Bissenbakker Kristine , Siersma Volkert , Jønsson Alexandra , Donaghy Eddie , Henderson David , Mercer Stewart W. , Brodersen John Brandt 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
MMQ1 is a Danish-language patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for quality of life (QOL) in people with multiple long-term conditions (MLTC). It measures needs-based QOL across six scales: Physical ability, Concerns and worries, Limitations in daily life, Social life, Personal finances and Self-image. There is currently no such measure available in English. This study aimed to translate and validate MMQ1 for use in the United Kingdom.

Methods
Translation used a two-panel method (expert panel: n = 5; and lay panel: n = 6). Content validity was assessed via cognitive interviews (n = 6). A postal survey of 2,753 patients with MLTC recruited through eight GP practices in Scotland included EQ-5D-5L and ICE-CAP as comparator measures alongside MMQ1. Classical test theory psychometric analysis of survey responses followed the International Society for Quality of Life Research minimum reporting standards.

Results
Translation resulted in an English-language MMQ1 with good face validity. Cognitive interviews established good content validity. 597 survey responses were received (response rate 22%). Good internal consistency reliability and concurrent validity were demonstrated. Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable fit to the six-scales of MMQ1. Five of the six scales also demonstrated good discriminative ability for detecting clinically meaningful differences in QOL. However, inter-item and inter-scale correlations suggested item redundancy and scale overlap.

Conclusion
The English-language MMQ1 demonstrated adequate psychometric properties using classical test theory. Further validation using Rasch analysis is planned, and may help optimise and abbreviate the measure. This PROM has the potential to improve the measurement of QOL in MLTC research, including trials.
Which topics are best represented by science maps? An analysis of clustering effectiveness for citation and text similarity networks
Authors: Bascur Juan Pablo , Verberne Suzan , van Eck Nees Jan , Waltman Ludo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A science map of topics is a visualization that shows topics identified algorithmically based on the bibliographic metadata of scientific publications. In practice not all topics are well represented in a science map. We analyzed how effectively different topics are represented in science maps created by clustering biomedical publications. To achieve this, we investigated which topic categories, obtained from MeSH terms, are better represented in science maps based on citation or text similarity networks. To evaluate the clustering effectiveness of topics, we determined the extent to which documents belonging to the same topic are grouped together in the same cluster. We found that the best and worst represented topic categories are the same for citation and text similarity networks. The best represented topic categories are diseases, psychology, anatomy, organisms and the techniques and equipment used for diagnostics and therapy, while the worst represented topic categories are natural science fields, geographical entities, information sciences and health care and occupations. Furthermore, for the diseases and organisms topic categories and for science maps with smaller clusters, we found that topics tend to be better represented in citation similarity networks than in text similarity networks.
A Comparative Study of the Modal Response of Additively and Subtractively Manufactured Thin Plates After Thermal Loading
Authors: Weihrauch M. , Lambert P. , Lambros J. , Sutcliffe C. J. , Patterson E. A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Additively-manufactured parts contain residual stresses induced by manufacturing. These residual stresses can be relaxed or redistributed by thermal loading. The presence of internal stress influences the dynamic response of parts, and this is of particular interest in thin plates subject to thermoacoustic loading in hypersonic vehicles and fusion reactors.

Objective
To measure the changes in shape and modal frequencies caused by thermal loading of geometrically-reinforced thin plates that were additively manufactured in Inconel 625.

Methods
Plates were additively-manufactured in landscape and portrait orientations using laser powder bed fusion. The plates were heated to a nominal temperature of 820 ̊C, which was expected to alleviate the residual stress from the build process. Pre- and post-heating, their modal frequencies were found experimentally and pulsed-laser stereo (3D) digital image correlation was used to evaluate their modal shapes. The resultant modal frequencies and shapes were compared with those from a subtractively-manufactured plate.

Results
It was found that the heat cycle changed the shape of the plates relative to their as-manufactured state in addition to changing their natural frequencies and modal shapes.

Conclusions
The change in shape induced by heating caused shifts in the natural frequencies and changes in the corresponding modal shapes. The results show quantitatively for the first time the important role that residual stresses can play in the dynamic response of geometrically-reinforced thin plates manufactured by additive and subtractive processes.
Are Dietary Patterns Relevant for Reducing the Risk of Fractures and Sarcopenia?
Authors: Welch Ailsa A. , Scott Jamie , Cameron Donnie , Yates Max 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
This review aims to summarise recent evidence on the effects of dietary patterns on the risk of bone fractures and sarcopenia.

Recent Findings
Several dietary patterns have been investigated in relation to musculoskeletal health, including Mediterranean Dietary Patterns (MDP), Dietary Inflammatory Indices, vegetarian and vegan diets. Adherence to ‘healthier’ dietary patterns appears to be protective against fractures and sarcopenia, with the strongest protective associations found between the MDP and fractures. Individuals following vegan or vegetarian eating patterns need to be aware of calcium and vitamin D requirements to maintain musculoskeletal health.

Summary
Although more healthy dietary patterns may be protective for musculoskeletal health the current evidence base is limited by variation in the construction of dietary pattern scores and reported outcome measures. Future research should fully report scoring methods, intakes of dietary components across scoring groups or categories, and consider outcome measures that allow for better comparison between studies.
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Mental Health Literacy questionnaire (MHLq-E)
Authors: González-Sanguino Clara , Rodríguez-Medina Jairo , Ayuso-Lanchares Alba , Valdivieso-León y Lorena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The mental health of adolescents is a topic of increasing importance in our society. Knowing the mental health literacy of this population may provide key information to improve prevention and intervention policies. This research analyses the psychometric properties of the MHLq-E Spanish version, a self-administered self-report questionnaire on mental health literacy, specific to the adolescent population. A descriptive cross-sectional study including a representative sample of Spanish adolescents aged 12–16 years (N = 1000) was conducted. Results reveal a four-factor structure: help-seeking; stigma; knowledge of causes; knowledge of symptomatology. The selected four-factor solution accounts for 35% of the shared variance. High internal consistency, item reliability and good measures of validity were found. The global reliability of the questionnaire was α = 0.92 and ωt = 0.94. The reliability of the dimensions ranged from α = 0.79, ωt = 0.79 for Stigma to α = 0.87, ωt = 0.87 for Help. Factor loads were significant and above 0.4 suggesting appropriate convergent validity, and evidence of discriminant validity was also adequate. Although it differs from the original instrument, the analysis is consistent with other research and highlights the multiple dimensions of mental health literacy. The MHLq-E is the first instrument available in Spanish to assess mental health literacy in adolescents in Spain.
Chebyshev Petrov–Galerkin method for nonlinear time-fractional integro-differential equations with a mildly singular kernel
Authors: Youssri Y. H. , Atta A. G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, a new approach to time-fractional partial integro-differential equations with weakly singular kernels (
TFPIDE
) is presented. The suggested method produces a spectral semi-analytic solution by using shifted first-kind Chebyshev polynomials (
SCP1K
) as basis functions. To satisfy homogeneous beginning and boundary requirements, a suitable collection of basis functions should be chosen. The unknown expansion coefficients are then found using the Petrov–Galerkin technique. Interestingly, we obtain precise equations for each of the related matrices’ elements. These matrices follow a clear pattern that facilitates the inversion procedure and allows the algebraic problem generated by the Petrov–Galerkin technique to be solved. The work contributes to a better knowledge of the dependability of the approach by thoroughly examining convergence and error analysis. Numerical examples demonstrate the applicability, accuracy, and efficiency of the suggested technique, supplemented by comparisons with previous research. The outcomes demonstrate how well this method works for solving time fractional partial integro-differential equations, highlighting its importance as a useful contribution to the body of knowledge in the area.
Moving from past selves shaped by adversity to hoped-for possible selves: experiences of young people in flexible learning options
Authors: te Riele Kitty , Stewart Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Flexible learning options (FLOs) that provide access to secondary education for marginalised students tend to sit on the margins of education systems, resulting in pressure to account for their outcomes. This paper employs a conceptual framework based on possible selves theory applied to interview data with students and staff from eight Australian FLOs. Students’ past selves were strongly shaped by adversity in their social environments and in their prior school experiences. Based on these past selves, students’ imagined possible selves included feared possible selves, which were considered to be likely outcomes if the FLO had not existed. In contrast, FLOs helped students to develop positive present selves as well as imagine, and work towards, hoped-for possible selves, especially in terms of education and employment. Tracing the trajectory from past to present and future possible selves provides a fruitful alternative lens for assessing outcomes from FLOs.
A motion planning method for a car based on environmental feature-adaptive polynomial fitting and intelligent obstacle avoidance strategies
Authors: Xu Yunqian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper proposes an improved method for car motion planning aimed at addressing the limitations of traditional path planning and obstacle avoidance algorithms in complex environments. The study utilizes Bi-RRT* and polynomial fitting for path planning, incorporating an environment-adaptive polynomial fitting technique based on obstacle density to enhance path precision in areas with high obstacle density. In the local planning phase, intelligent switching of the car’s obstacle avoidance strategies is implemented, allowing the car to use reverse motion or lateral avoidance in high-density regions to prevent stalling. Furthermore, problem decomposition and approximation methods are applied to large-scale quadratic programming (QP) problems in path tracking, improving the efficiency of the MPC algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the car’s motion performance and stability in complex environments.
Delving into discrepancies, a single-center experience with Accelerate Pheno for gram-negative bacteremia, a rapid phenotypic susceptibility testing method
Authors: Freeman Weiss Zoe , Zelenkov Dimitar , Englert Jon , Campion Maureen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
Discrepancies or inaccuracies between testing methods can create confusion or lead to clinical harm if antibiotics are inappropriately chosen. We report our clinical experience using the Accelerate Pheno™ followed by routine automated susceptibilities by the Vitek®2 for positive blood cultures with gram-negative rods.

Design:
This was a retrospective review of positive gram-negative blood cultures, including comparison of susceptibility testing results and impact on clinical care.

Setting:
Academic teaching hospital.

Patients (participants):
All patients admitted to the hospital with gram-negative bacteremia from January 2020 to December 2022.

Methods:
Microbiology was reviewed for discrepancies as defined by very major errors (VMEs), major errors (MEs), and minor errors (mEs). Clinical charts were reviewed for antibiotic therapy.

Results:
Positive blood cultures with gram-negative rods were included (n = 262). Between these two methods, overall essential agreement was 93.7% (2162/2304) and categorical agreement 93.5% (2159/2306). There were 147 discrepancies noted, including 6 VMEs, 25 MEs, and 116 mEs accounting for 96 patients. Antibiotic choice was changed in 8 patients due to perceived suboptimal empiric therapy based on the rapid susceptibility results.

Conclusions:
The Accelerate Pheno tended to over-call resistance compared to the Vitek®2. Few patients (8) received the incorrect antibiotic based on the Pheno result. Stewardship programs may choose to optimize their rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing reporting to help minimize confusion and guide appropriate antibiotic selection.
Roads to Rome: how visions of elitism and pluralism shake up the goal repertoire of electoral competition
Authors: Angelucci Davide , De Sio Lorenzo , Di Cocco Jessica , Weber Till 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Electoral competition is typically organized around an evolving set of policy issues. Recent Italian politics suggests a revival of two classic dimensions concerning the mode of interaction that defines the very goals of a polity: elitism (whether goals should be defined from the top down or from the bottom up) and pluralism (whether a polity should only accept widely shared common goals or whether multiple, alternative goals may legitimately compete). While these concerns possibly became less relevant in the heydays of the party government model, recent literatures on populism, technocracy, and process preferences reflect renewed interest. We introduce a two-dimensional elitism–pluralism scheme that explicates the spatial arrangement of top-down and bottom-up visions of party government vis-à-vis models of populism and technocracy. To demonstrate the relevance of the two dimensions for party preference, we turn to the case of the 2022 Italian election, which followed a sequence of a populist, a mixed populist-mainstream and a technocratic government. Voter positions from specialized batteries of the Italian National Election Study are contrasted with party positions from an original expert survey. Findings indicate that preferences on elitism and pluralism complement standard dimensions of issue voting. An explorative analysis of comparative data suggests that many countries across Europe have the potential for similar developments. Electoral competition increasingly reflects concerns about its own principles.