bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengukuran Produktivitas pada Bagian Quilting Menggunakan Metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
Authors: Saputra Jhon Rizky , Heryadi Abdul Rohman 
Published: January 2024

Proses Quilting merupakan salah satu proses yang penting dalam industri garmen, yaitu proses menambahkan pola jahitan dekoratif pada top layer kain yang telah dirakit dengan lapisan batting dan backing. Quilting banyak digunakan pada pakaian musim dingin, yang berfungsi sebagai lapisan pelindung sehingga tahan lama. Untuk itu, agar dapat menghasilkan produk berkualitas tinggi dan dalam jumlah yang banyak, maka diperlukan penggunaan mesin Computer Numerical Control (CNC) yang bekerja efektif dan efesien dalam proses produksi. Namun, PT PS mengalami beberapa kendala dalam menghasilkan produk quilting tersebut dengan efisien dan berkualitas tinggi. Berdasarkan data yang tersedia, dilakukan analisis produktivitas pada mesin CNC MC-23 dengan menggunakan metode Overall Equipment Efektiviness (OEE). Didapat hasil dari perhitungan nilai availibility sebesar 71%, performance 64%, quality 99% dan total nilai OEE sebesar 46%. Dari hasil perhitungan dan analisis OEE yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai availibility dan performance pada proses Quilting dengan mesin CNC MC-23 masih di bawah dari nilai OEE bedasarkan Standard World Company. Untuk hasil analisis permaslahan dengan diagram Pareto didapatkan permasalahan tertinggi pada metrik availibility yaitu pada yang panel terlambat, dan untuk permasalahan tertinggi pada metrik performance yaitu pada area kerja yang kurang ergonomis.
El postpositivismo y el método de la ley natural descrito por Villey
Authors: Rigotti Furtado Érika 
Published: January 2024

El positivismo jurídico es objeto de los debates propuestos por Michel Villey al presentar el método del Derecho Natural extraído de la teoría aristotélica de la justicia. El propósito de este ensayo es analizar cómo el método del Derecho Natural descrito por Michel Villey contribuye al redescubrimiento del Derecho en el contexto del postpositivismo. Con un abordaje cualitativo de carácter exploratorio, desarrollado mediante investigación bibliográfica, el trabajo se ocupó del método de Villey, pasando luego a cotejar ese panorama con el problema planteado por el pospositivismo, en particular en lo que se refiere a los derechos fundamentales, logrando entonces comprobar que la superación del problema implica comprender que el Derecho se extrae de la justicia y no alrevés.
Motivación y elección de jueces en la corte constitucional ecuatoriana como fuente de legitimidad democrática
Authors: López Hidalgo Sebastián 
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo pretende, por un lado, resaltar cómo el deber de motivación influye de forma directa en el contexto de justificación del discurso jurídico, de modo que fortalece los vínculos de legitimidad democrática; y, por otro lado, evidenciar cómo algunos mecanismos de elección democrática de los jueces constitucionales ayudan a atenuar los rasgos contra mayoritarios de la revisión judicial.
En efecto, un sistema que sea capaz de asegurar el máximo de independencia y autonomía judicial es el que ostentará mejores credenciales democráticas. Sin embargo, en el caso ecuatoriano, –conforme se evidenciará en este artículo–, con un diseño normativo marcado por un presidencialismo exacerbado, y una fuerte incidencia del ejecutivo en la designación de los jueces constitucionales, la independencia judicial parece estar comprometida.
Description of a new fossil Thelyphonida (Arachnida, Uropygi) and further record of Cratosolpuga wunderlichi Selden, in Selden and Shear, 1996 (Arachnida, Solifugae) from Crato Formation (Aptian/Albian), Araripe Basin, Brazil
Authors: Santana William , P. Pinheiro Allysson , Silva Thiago Andrade , Lima Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Background
A new fossil species of whipscorpion, Mesoproctus rayoli n. sp., is described. The specimen originates from the Crato Formation, dating to the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian/Albian) period within the Araripe Sedimentary Basin. This species has been provisionally assigned to Mesoproctus Dunlop, 1998, as it represents the sole known Thelyphonida fossil genus discovered in South America and within Araripe Lagerstätte.

Methods
The material underwent detailed description and illustration processes. Key diagnostic characters, such as body length, pedipalpal coxae apophysis, the form of the opisthosoma, and the length of leg IV, were meticulously examined. SEM methods were applied in this study.

Results
Through the detailed analysis, comparisons and differences to Mesoproctus rowlandi Dunlop, 1998 were made possible. Additionally, a well-preserved specimen of the rare camel spider, Cratosolpuga wunderlichi Selden, in Selden and Shear, 1996, was identified from the limestones of the Crato Formation. The newly discovered fossil specimen of Cratosolpuga wunderlichi suggests two characters not previously described: (i) a segmented tarsomere on leg IV; and (ii) a leg I with one tarsal claw.
COVID-19 and diet: efforts towards a balanced diet and sustainable nutrition among university students in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Zeshan , Bashier Eltayeb Lienda , Fattiny Sndos Z.A. , Mallhi Iftikhar Younis , Javed Farah , Alyousef Ali Abdullah , Ijaz Qandeel , Younas Shoaib , Khan Ishrat , Batool Zahra , Ahmad Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

Nutrition is an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle for all individuals, including adolescents. The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive survey study was to investigate university students’ awareness of immunity enhancing foods, food nutritive values, and eating practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 839 university students from four different universities in Pakistan participated in the study from October 2021 to January 2022, 397 of which were male and 442 were female. A total of 419 students were studying in medical disciplines while 420 were non-medical students. The students had significant knowledge (p < 0.05) about COVID-19, and nutritional habits were seen in both medical and non-medical students. Results showed that medical students (n-201) were slightly more aware of immunity-enhancing foods and the nutritive values of foods compared to engineering students (n-79). However, eating practices were generally poorly adopted by all of the university students. Male and female students were not significantly different in their mean replies to questions on the nutritive value of food or in their eating habits. Healthy eating practices will aid university students in preventing illnesses connected to nutrition as well as enhancing their immune systems and nutritional well-being both during and post-pandemic. In light of these results, suggestions and implications for nutritional advice and education were explored.
Total Factor Productivity Growth and Changing Cost Structure of Sugarcane in Gujarat, India
Authors: Bhopala Upasana D. , Dhandhalya M. G. , Parmar H. B. 
Published: January 2024

Aims:

To estimate the growth of input, output indices and total factor productivity of sugarcane in Gujarat
To estimate the changing cost structure of sugarcane

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agricultural Economics, Junagadh Agricultural University (between June 2018 and July 2020).
Methodology: This paper has estimated the growth in total factor productivity of sugarcane crop using Tornqvist Theil index and growth trends in cost structure of sugarcane crop in Gujarat.
Results: The results showed that the growth rate of TFP indices of sugarcane planted crop and ratoon crop were negative about -0.86 and -0.31 per cent per annum, respectively. Negative TFP growth resulted due to a relatively faster rate of total input growth than total output growth. in the total cost of cultivation of sugarcane, the cost share of human labour, irrigation and miscellaneous in Gujarat has shown an increasing trend. while, rental value of land showing declining trend.
Conclusion: Study suggested that technological gains have not been experienced in this crop needs concentrated efforts to bridge extension gap and further research to evolve concrete strains, resistant to pest and diseases which reduce the real cost of production.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransport Protein 2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Kidney Disease
Authors: Pan Heng-Chih , Chen Jui-Yi , Chen Hsing-Yu , Yeh Fang-Yu , Huang Thomas Tao-Min , Sun Chiao-Yin , Wang Shiow-Ing , Wei James Cheng-Chung , Wu Vin-Cent 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceSodium-glucose cotransport protein 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) have demonstrated associations with positive kidney-related and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the association of SGLT-2is with outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes and acute kidney disease (AKD) remains unclear.ObjectiveTo examine the long-term associations of SGLT-2is with mortality, major adverse kidney events (MAKEs), and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with type 2 diabetes and AKD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used global health care data (the TriNetX database) spanning from September 30, 2002, to September 30, 2022. Propensity score matching was used to select a cohort of patients, and follow-up was conducted with a maximum duration of 5 years (completed on September 30, 2022) or until the occurrence of an outcome or death.InterventionThe use of SGLT-2is.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes measured were mortality, MAKEs, and MACEs. Adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) with 95% CIs were calculated to compare the risks between SGLT-2i users and nonusers, representing the mean treatment effect among the treated patients.ResultsA total of 230 366 patients with AKD (mean [SD] age, 67.1 [16.4] years; 51.8% men and 48.2% women) were enrolled in the study, which had a median follow-up duration of 2.3 (IQR, 1.2-3.5) years. Among these, 5319 individuals (2.3%) were identified as SGLT-2i users. Among nonusers, the incidence of mortality was 18.7%, the incidence of MAKEs was 21.0%, and the incidence of MACEs was 25.8%. After propensity score matching, the absolute differences between SGLT-2i users and nonusers for incidence of mortality, MAKEs, and MACEs were 9.7%, 11.5%, and 12.3%, respectively. Based on the treated population, SGLT-2i use was associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality (AHR, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.62-0.77]), MAKEs (AHR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.56-0.69]), and MACEs (AHR, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.65-0.88]) compared with nonuse. External validation using a multicenter cohort data set of 1233 patients with AKD patients who were SGLT-2i users confirmed the observed beneficial outcomes. Notably, the risk reduction associated with SGLT-2is remained significant even among patients without hypertension, those with advanced chronic kidney disease, and those not receiving other hypoglycemic agents.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes and AKD, administration of SGLT-2is was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, MAKEs, and MACEs when compared with nonuse, underscoring the importance of SGLT-2is in care after acute kidney injury. These findings emphasize the potential benefits of SGLT-2is in managing AKD and mitigating the risks of major cardiovascular and kidney diseases.
Incidence of Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Liang Danni , Wang Marie E. , Dahlen Alex , Liao Yungting , Saunders Andrew C. , Coon Eric R. , Schroeder Alan R. 
Published: January 2024

IMPORTANCEUrinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children, but the population incidence is largely unknown. Controversy surrounds the optimal diagnostic criteria and how to balance the risks of undertreatment and overtreatment. Changes in health care use during the COVID-19 pandemic created a natural experiment to examine health care use and UTI diagnosis and outcomes.OBJECTIVESTo examine the population incidence of UTI in children and assess the changes of the COVID-19 pandemic regarding UTI diagnoses and measures of UTI severity.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis retrospective observational cohort study used US commercial claims data from privately insured patients aged 0 to 17 years from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021.EXPOSURETime periods included prepandemic (January 1, 2016, to February 29, 2020), early pandemic (April 1 to June 30, 2020), and midpandemic (July 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021).MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was the incidence of UTI, defined as having a UTI diagnosis code with an accompanying antibiotic prescription. Balancing measures included measures of UTI severity, including hospitalizations and intensive care unit admissions. Trends were evaluated using an interrupted time-series analysis.RESULTSThe cohort included 13 221 117 enrollees aged 0 to 17 years, with males representing 6 744 250 (51.0%) of the population. The mean incidence of UTI diagnoses was 1.300 (95% CI, 1.296-1.304) UTIs per 100 patient-years. The UTI incidence was 0.86 per 100 patient-years at age 0 to 1 year, 1.58 per 100 patient-years at 2 to 5 years, 1.24 per 100 patient-years at 6 to 11 years, and 1.37 per 100 patient-years at 12 to 17 years, and was higher in females vs males (2.48 [95% CI, 2.46-2.50] vs 0.180 [95% CI, 0.178-0.182] per 100 patient-years). Compared with prepandemic trends, UTIs decreased in the early pandemic: −33.1% (95% CI, −39.4% to −26.1%) for all children and −52.1% (95% CI, −62.1% to −39.5%) in a subgroup of infants aged 60 days or younger. However, all measures of UTI severity decreased or were not significantly different. The UTI incidence returned to near prepandemic rates (−4.3%; 95% CI, −32.0% to 34.6% for all children) after the first 3 months of the pandemic.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this cohort study, UTI diagnosis decreased during the early pandemic period without an increase in measures of disease severity, suggesting that reduced overdiagnosis and/or reduced misdiagnosis may be an explanatory factor.
Cost-Effectiveness of Adjuvant Olaparib for Patients With Breast Cancer and Germline BRCA1/2 Mutations
Authors: Zettler Christina M. , De Silva Dilanka L. , Blinder Victoria S. , Robson Mark E. , Elkin Elena B. 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceThe OlympiA trial found that 1 year of adjuvant olaparib therapy can improve distant disease-free survival and overall survival from early-stage breast cancer in patients with a germline BRCA1/2 mutation. However, olaparib, an oral poly-adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase inhibitor, is estimated to cost approximately $14 000 per month in the US.ObjectiveTo estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness of adjuvant olaparib compared with no olaparib in eligible patients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn an economic evaluation from a health care system perspective, the cost-effectiveness of adjuvant olaparib was analyzed using a Markov state-transition model. The model simulated costs and lifetime health outcomes of 42-year-old women with high-risk early-stage breast cancer and a known BRCA1/2 mutation who completed definitive primary therapy and neoadjuvant or adjuvant systemic therapy. The study was conducted from August 2021 to July 2023. The effectiveness of olaparib was based on the findings of the OlympiA randomized clinical trial, and other model parameters were identified from the literature. The model was calibrated to the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year distant disease-free and overall survival observed in the OlympiA trial, and olaparib was assumed to reduce the risk of distant recurrence only in the first 4 years.ExposureOne year of adjuvant olaparib or no adjuvant olaparib.Main Outcome and MeasureIncremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in 2021 US dollars per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. All outcomes were discounted by 3% annually.ResultsIn the base case, adjuvant olaparib was associated with a 1.25-year increase in life expectancy and a 1.20-QALY increase at an incremental cost of $133 133 compared with no olaparib. The resulting ICER was approximately $111 000 per QALY gained. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $150 000 per QALY, olaparib was cost-effective at its 2021 price and in more than 92% of simulations in probabilistic sensitivity analysis. The results were sensitive to assumptions about the effectiveness of olaparib and quality of life for patients with no disease recurrence.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, from a US health care system perspective, adjuvant olaparib was a cost-effective option for patients with high-risk, early-stage breast cancer and a germline BRCA1/2 mutation.
Online Racial Discrimination, Suicidal Ideation, and Traumatic Stress in a National Sample of Black Adolescents
Authors: Tynes Brendesha M. , Maxie-Moreman Ashley , Hoang Tuyet-Mai Ha , Willis Henry A. , English Devin 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceBecause of increased suicide rates among Black youth in the past 2 decades, there is a dire need for research on suicidal ideation and risk factors in this population.ObjectiveTo examine the direct and indirect associations between online racial discrimination and suicidal ideation through posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among Black adolescents living in the US, with consideration of potential differential associations by gender and age.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used data drawn from the first wave of the National Survey of Critical Digital Literacy. Black adolescents aged 11 to 19 years were selected from a nationally representative probability-based sample. Data were collected from October 2020 to December 2020 and analyzed from August 2021 to October 2021.Main Outcomes and MeasuresHypotheses of the current study were formulated during research design and grounded in empirical literature. The individual online racial discrimination subscale (Online Victimization Scale), the UCLA Child/Adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder Reaction Index for DSM-5, and an item from the second edition of the Children’s Depression Inventory were used to assess constructs. Mediation was assessed through mediation models with path analyses using structural equation modeling.ResultsAmong a total 525 participants, 265 were girls (50.5%) and 251 were boys (47.8%); the mean (SD) age was 14.8 (2.5) years. Findings from structural equation modeling analysis indicated that individual online racial discrimination was associated with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (β = 0.49, SE = 0.06, P &amp;lt; .001), and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were associated with suicidal ideation (β = 0.51, SE = 0.06, P &amp;lt; .001). Posttraumatic stress disorder was identified as a full mediator between online racial discrimination and suicide (β = 0.25, SE = 0.04, P &amp;lt; .001). No differences by gender or age were found. Furthermore, no significant direct association between online racial discrimination and suicidal ideation was found.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found an association between individual online racial discrimination and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and suicidal ideation. These risk factors are important to consider in continuing studies of the cause of suicidal ideation for Black adolescents in the US.
Ionizing Radiation Responsive Anomalous Photovoltage Drives Sensitive Self‐Powered X‐Ray Detection
Authors: You Shihai , Yu Panpan , Zhu Tingting , Lin Cunjian , Wu Jianbo , Zhu Zeng‐Kui , Zhang Chengshu , Li Zhou , Ji Chengmin , Luo Junhua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe anomalous photovoltaic (APV) effect in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) has attracted massive interest for developing high‐performance optoelectronic devices. However, exploring the ionizing radiation responsive APV effect remains blank, let alone its potential applications. Herein, the unprecedented APV behavior in a 1D lead‐free OIHP, (4‐AMP)BiI5 (ABI, 4‐AMP = 4‐(aminomethyl)pyridine) under X‐ray irradiation is reported, exhibiting a large above‐bandgap bulk photovoltage of ≈10 V. Such a strong APV effect is closely related to the intrinsic electric polarization in polar ABI, which acts as the driving force for X‐ray‐generated carriers’ separation and transport, thus allowing it to be self‐powered. As a result, sensitive self‐powered X‐ray detectors based on high‐quality ABI single crystals are successfully fabricated, possessing a high sensitivity of 66.84 µC Gy−1 cm−2, a low detection limit of 482 nGy s−1, and superior operational stability. This work first demonstrates the ionizing radiation‐responsive APV effect in OIHPs, which further enables passive radiation detection.
A Network Intrusion Detection System with Broadband WO3–x/WO3–x‐Ag/WO3–x Optoelectronic Memristor
Authors: Yang Wenhao , Kan Hao , Shen Guozhen , Li Yang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractReal‐time intrusion detection system based on the von Neumann architecture struggle to balance low power consumption and high computing speed. In this work, a strategy for network intrusion detection system based on the WO3–x/WO3–x‐Ag/WO3–x structured optoelectronic memristor overcoming the aforementioned issues is proposed and demonstrated. Through the modulation of electrical signals, the memristor successfully simulates a series of important synaptic functionalities including short‐term/long‐term synaptic plasticity. Meanwhile, when subjected to light stimulus, it demonstrates remarkable synaptic behaviors in terms of long/short‐term memory and “learning‐forgetting‐relearning.” Based on this memristor array, a convolutional neural network is constructed to recognize abnormal network records within the KDDCup‐99 dataset accurately and efficiently. The power consumption (10–6 W) is over seven orders of magnitude lower than that of central processing unit, etc. Subsequently, an intrusion detection system is established to integrate collection, processing, and detection of real‐time network data, successfully classifying various types of network records. Hence, this work is expected to promote the development of high‐density storage and neuromorphic computing technology, and provides an application idea for intelligent electronic devices.
Regioselective Ring‐Opening of Oxetanes Catalyzed by Lewis Superacid Al(C6F5)3
Authors: Bellido Marina , Riego‐Mejías Carlos , Sciortino Giuseppe , Verdaguer Xavier , Lledós Agustí , Riera Antoni 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study details an aluminum‐catalyzed regioselective isomerization of 2,2‐disubstituted oxetanes to yield homoallylic alcohols. The reaction takes place in toluene at 40 °C, employing 1 mol % of Al(C6F5)3 as catalyst. This catalytic system shows a wide substrate scope (12 examples). The optimized conditions are especially useful for electron‐rich aryl oxetanes, completely suppressing the formation of allyl isomers and reducing the amount of the dimer by‐product. The synthetic applicability of the reported methodology is demonstrated by the enantioselective formal synthesis of curcuquinone and the σ1 receptor agonist RC‐33.