bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and diagnostic profile of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome; a 7-year retrospective observational study
Authors: Ahmed H Shafeeq , Thrishulamurthy Chinmayee J , Bhaskar Thejus , Lokanath Hamsa , Srikanteshwara Praveen-Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Background Tolosa Hunt Syndrome (THS) was first delineated in 1954 and is caused by a granulomatous inflammation in the cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure or orbit. In this study the different clinical and diagnostic findings of THS are discussed. Methods Case records of patients diagnosed with THS using the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition criteria from January 2016–July 2022 were considered for the current study. Demographic, Clinical, Laboratory and Radiological data of all patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria was collected from the patient case records through the Medical Records Department of BMCRI Super Specialty Hospital. Results A total of 60 patients were included in the study with mean age with SD, 50.9 years (13.9) and were predominantly male (66.6%). Restriction of eye movements was the most common symptom affecting 31 (51.7%) patients. Oculomotor nerve (IIIrd Cranial Nerve) palsy was the most common nerve palsy, affecting 36 (60%) patients. Contrast enhancing lesions or T2/FLAIR Hyper-intense areas were seen in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of 59 (98.3%) patients. Cavernous sinus involvement, was the most common site of involvement, in 25 (41.6%) of the patients. All patients were treated with intravenous methyl prednisolone injections and responded well. Conclusion Restriction of eye movements was the most common symptom, along with cavernous sinus being the most common site of involvement in THS. MRI scans are important diagnostic tools for THS.
Restoration of hip anatomy using computer modelling prior to total hip arthroplasty and its potential consequences in terms of lower limb-length difference
Authors: Aubert Thomas , Rigoulot Guillaume , Gerard Philippe , Auberger Guillaume , Leclerc Philippe 
Published: December 2023

Background: Restoring hip anatomy during total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the gold standard. The general goal is for hips to be symmetrical in terms of height. This study aimed to analyse the effect of simulating hip length (HL) equalisation on leg-length difference (LLD) before and after THA with a computerised plan. Methods: 141 consecutive patients were enrolled following THA. Outcomes of interest were preoperative hip-length difference (HLD) and LLD as determined on CT and final LLD as determined by simulating HL equalisation. We divided patients into 3 groups: no LLD, LLD >5 mm and LLD ⩾10 mm. Results: The rate of preoperative LLD >5 mm and LLD ⩾10 mm was 37.5% and 14.8%, respectively. HL equalisation did not change LLD distribution in the overall cohort. Among patients with smaller preoperative HLs and LLDs, HL equalisation changed the rate of LLD >5 mm from 100% ( n = 24) to 41.7% ( n = 10) ( p < 0.0001) and of LLD ⩾10 mm from 100% ( n = 12) to 16.7% ( n = 2) ( p < 0.0001). Among patients with no preoperative LLD, HL equalisation changed the rate of LLD ⩽5 mm from 100% ( n = 64) to 59.3% ( n = 38) ( p < 0.0001) and of LLD<10 mm from 100% ( n = 76) to 89.5% ( n = 68) ( p = 0.006). Conclusions: Restoring biomechanical hip anatomy by HL equalisation may not be the correct goal for all patients. In patients with no LLD and shorter HLs, equalisation could result in LLD >5 mm in 40% of patients and LLD >10 mm in 10%, demonstrating the necessity to further analyse individuals and propose a personalised stem position.
Computed tomography -defined sarcopenia is associated with long-term survival among patients undergoing open thoracic aortic reconstruction
Authors: Valkkio Salla , Kuoppala Sohvi , Lindström Iisa , Khan Niina , Sioris Thanos , Laurikka Jari , Oksala Niku , Hernesniemi Jussi 
Published: December 2023

Background and objective: As markers of sarcopenia, psoas muscle areas and indexes measured from computed tomography images have been found to predict long-term mortality in cardiothoracic as well as other surgical cohorts. Our objective was to investigate the association between psoas muscle status, taking into account muscle density in addition to area, and survival among patients undergoing open thoracic aortic reconstruction. Methods: This was a retrospective registry study of a total of 451 patients treated with open surgery for thoracic aortic pathology. Psoas muscle area and density were measured from preoperative computed tomography images at the L3 and L4 lumbar levels. In addition, lean psoas muscle area was calculated by averaging sex-specific values of psoas muscle area and density. The association between mortality and psoas muscle status was analyzed with adjusted Cox-regression analysis. Results: The median age of the study population was 63 (interquartile range (IQR): 53–70) years. The majority were male (74.7%, n = 337) and underwent elective procedures (58.1% n = 262). Surgery of the ascending aorta was carried out in 90% of the patients, and 15% (n = 67) had concomitant coronary artery bypass surgery. Aortic dissection was present in 34.6% (n = 156) patients. Median follow-up time was 4.3 years (IQR: 2.2–7.4). During the follow-up, 106 patients (23.5%) died, with 55.7% of deaths occurring within the first four postoperative weeks. Psoas muscle parameters were not associated with perioperative mortality, but significant independent associations with long-term mortality were observed for psoas muscle area, density, and lean psoas muscle area with hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.63 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45–0.88), 0.62 (95% CI: 0.46–0.83), and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.32–0.69), respectively (all per 1-SD increase). Conclusions: Psoas muscle sarcopenia status is associated with long-term mortality after open thoracic aortic surgery.
The dementia severity rating scale: A potential community screening tool for dementia in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Turana Yuda , Farina Nicolas , Theresia Imelda , Fitri Fasihah Irfani , Suswanti Ika , Jacobs Roxanne , Schneider Marguerite , Sani Tara Puspitarini , Comas-Herrera Adelina , Albanese Emiliano , Govia Ishtar , Ferri Cleusa P , Knapp Martin , Banerjee Sube 
Published: December 2023

Background The Dementia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS) is an informant report, dementia staging tool that is quick to administer and has previous been shown to differentiate between people with dementia and healthy controls. However, it is not clear how accurate the tool is screening against diagnostic criteria in middle-income settings. Methods Embedded within the STRiDE programme, older adults (aged ≥65 years) and their informants were randomly recruited from four sites across Indonesia and South Africa. All informants were asked to complete DSRS. We report the tool’s psychometric properties and accuracy against the 10/66 short diagnostic algorithm. Results Between September and December 2021, data was collected from 2110 older adults in Indonesia and 408 in South Africa. Overall, the DSRS scores significantly differed between those with and without dementia, as identified on the 10/66 short algorithm ( p < .05). The difference between groups remained significant after controlling for key factors related to older adult and informant demographics. A score >2 on the DSRS had the greatest agreement with the 10/66 short algorithm and had excellent discriminative properties in both Indonesia (Area Under Curve (AUC) = .75, 95% CIs = .72–.77) and South Africa (AUC = .82, 95% CIs = .76–.88). Conclusions The DSRS has potential as a screening tool for dementia in middle-income countries, with high sensitivity and specificity against a standardized diagnostic algorithm.
Promising Practices to Promote Physical Activity and Healthy Eating Among Head Start Caregivers and Their Children
Authors: Lee Jihye , Coffie Bridget , Davis Kathleen E. , Warren Cynthia , Jean Keller  , Zhang Tao 
Published: December 2023

Many children in Head Start programs do not meet physical activity (PA) and dietary intake recommendations and have increased risk for obesity. The purpose of this pilot study was to formatively assess a multi-level intervention, exploring strategies to encourage PA and healthy eating among north Texas Head Start families. In year 1, 5 Head Start sites with 217 children began the Head Start to Healthy Lifestyles (HSHL) project. Direct and indirect education strategies began in the last 2 months of the school year. Surveys were used to evaluate child and caregiver PA, healthy eating behaviors, and interagency collaboration. Strategies and barriers to adopting healthy lifestyles were assessed via grant partner discussions. Of 217 children enrolled, 109 caregivers consented to participate in research, of which 35 completed baseline surveys and 10 also submitted post surveys. The number of fruits eaten by Head Start caregivers improved ( P < .05). Perceived level of collaboration among grant partners was high. Strategies appreciated by Head Start site partners included PA support in the classrooms, take-home gardens, and reading food group books. Additional needed support included tasting and on-site cooking classes. Barriers to participation included few face-to-face meetings with parents, staffing shortages post-COVID, and difficulty engaging families.
Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of PFS and OS comparing ribociclib plus letrozole versus palbociclib plus letrozole as first-line treatment of HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer
Authors: Jhaveri Komal , O’Shaughnessy Joyce , Fasching Peter A. , Tolaney Sara M. , Yardley Denise A. , Sharma Vikash Kumar , Biswas Chandroday , Thuerigen Astrid , Pathak Purnima , Rugo Hope S. 
Published: December 2023

Background: Current standard-of-care first-line treatment of patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2−) advanced breast cancer (ABC) is cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) + endocrine therapy. In the MONALEESA-2 trial, first-line ribociclib + letrozole demonstrated statistically significant overall survival (OS) benefit versus placebo + letrozole in postmenopausal patients with HR+/HER2− ABC. In the PALOMA-2 trial, first-line palbociclib + letrozole did not show OS benefit versus placebo + letrozole in a similar patient population. Understanding OS outcomes in the respective trials is critical for treatment decisions; however, there are no head-to-head clinical trial data comparing ribociclib and palbociclib. Objectives: To conduct a matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) to compare progression-free survival (PFS) and OS of first-line ribociclib + letrozole versus palbociclib + letrozole in postmenopausal patients with HR+/HER2− ABC. Design: Letrozole-anchored MAIC using individual patient data from MONALEESA-2 and published summary data from PALOMA-2. Methods: Using individual data, patients from MONALEESA-2 who matched inclusion criteria from PALOMA-2 were selected, and weighting was conducted to ensure baseline characteristics were similar to those in published aggregated data from PALOMA-2. The Bucher method was used to generate corresponding hazard ratios (HRs). Results: The final effective sample size compared n = 150 (ribociclib) and n = 112 (placebo) MONALEESA-2 patients with n = 444 (palbociclib) and n = 222 (placebo) PALOMA-2 patients. After matching and weighting, patient characteristics were well balanced. MAIC analysis showed a numerical PFS benefit [HR, 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58–1.11; p = 0.187] and significant OS benefit (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48–0.96; p = 0.031) with ribociclib + letrozole versus palbociclib + letrozole. Conclusion: Results of this cross-trial MAIC analysis showed a numerical PFS benefit and significantly greater OS benefit with first-line ribociclib + letrozole versus palbociclib + letrozole. These results support letrozole + ribociclib as the preferred first-line CDK4/6i for postmenopausal patients with HR+/HER2− ABC. Trial registration: NCT01958021; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01958021 (MONALEESA-2) and NCT01740427; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01740427 (PALOMA-2).
Best practices, implementation and challenges of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy: results of a worldwide survey among healthcare providers
Authors: Hassanzai Moska , Adanç Fadime , Koch Birgit C P , Verkaik Nelianne J , van Oldenrijk Jakob , de Bruin Jorg L , de Winter Brenda C M , van Onzenoort Hein A W 
Published: December 2023

Background: Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT) is considered a patient-friendly and cost-effective practice. Patients in the OPAT service can be at risk for developing adverse events. Due to extensive variations in practice, guidelines have been developed to minimize the risks. Objectives: In this first worldwide survey on OPAT, we explored the current OPAT services around the world, adherence to recommendations and identified best practices and challenges from different perspectives. Methods: An e-survey was conducted and consisted of questions about demographics, characteristics of the OPAT service, role of pharmacy, future developments, and respondents’ views on improvements as well as best practices. Results: A total of 126 responses from 28 countries were included. Seventy-eight percent (78%) of the respondents stated that their facility provides antimicrobial therapy in the outpatient setting, whereas 22% did not. Forty-two percent (42%) of the hospitals with OPAT services had a specialized OPAT service, while 14% lacked specialized services and 22% had a partially specialized team in place. In facilities with a specialized OPAT service, the number of mandatory infectious disease (ID) consultations before discharge and clinical monitoring by an ID specialist or OPAT team member, the frequency of monitoring, and the availability of an OPAT registry were higher. A multidisciplinary team’s presence was commonly noted as best practices. On the other hand, respondents experienced difficulties with reimbursement and lack of standardization in the screening, follow-up and monitoring of patients. Conclusion: This survey provides a better understanding of the implementation and practices of OPAT services globally and describes best practices and the challenges from different professionals.
Case Report of Renal Calculi in a Child Receiving Imatinib for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Bamahmud Alaa , El-Sherbiny Mohamed , Jednak Roman , Muchantef Karl , Abish Sharon , Mitchell David , Vezina Catherine , Gupta Indra R. 
Published: December 2023

Rationale: Imatinib is used in the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) leukemias and has been reported to have a direct effect on bone physiology. Presentation: To report on a child with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with bilateral flank pain and gross hematuria. Diagnosis: She was diagnosed with obstructive kidney stones 101 days after commencing daily oral imatinib. Stone analysis revealed the presence of calcium phosphate. Interventions and outcome: The patient passed the stones spontaneously with medical therapy that included the use of thiazide, allopurinol, and potassium citrate, but she required temporary insertion of a double-J stent to relieve an obstruction. Novel findings: Imatinib inhibits receptor tyrosine kinases and stimulates the flux of calcium from the extracellular fluid into bone, resulting in hypocalcemia with a compensatory rise in parathyroid hormone that may result in phosphaturia and the formation of calcium phosphate stones. Given that kidney stones are rare events in children, we believe that monitoring for kidney stone formation needs to be performed in children receiving imatinib.
Equity and use of telehealth modalities among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Carson Hannah , Wang Karen H. , Paek Hyung , Hoffman Pamela , Arakaki Andrew , Gonzalez-Colaso Rosana , Barakat Lydia A , Villanueva Merceditas , Womack Julie A 
Published: December 2023

Background COVID-19 forced a rapid transition to telehealth. Little is known about the use of telephone versus video visits among people living with or at risk for HIV (PWH). Setting We studied electronic health record data from an urban HIV clinic. Our sample included visit- and person-level data. Visit-level data came from appointments scheduled from 30 March 2020 to 31 May 2020. Person-level data came from patients 18+ years of age who completed at least one telephone or video visit during the period of interest. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis. Our primary outcome was telehealth modality (telephone or video). We compared visit completion status by telehealth modality. We evaluated associations between patient characteristics and telehealth modality using logistic regression. Results In total, 1742 visits included information on telehealth modality: 1432 telephone (82%) and 310 (18%) video visits. 77% of telephone visits were completed compared to 75% of video visits ( p = 0.449). The clinic recorded 643 completed telehealth visits in April and 623 in May 2020. The proportion of telephone visits decreased from 84% in April to 79% in May ( p = 0.031). Most patients participated in telephone versus video visits (415 vs. 88 patients). Older age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37–7.82) and Black race (AOR 2.42; 95% CI, 1.20–4.49) were positively associated with telephone visits. Patient portal enrollment (AOR 0.06; 95% CI, 0.02–0.16) was negatively associated with telephone visits. Conclusion PWH used telephone more than video visits, suggesting that telephone visits are a vital healthcare resource for this population.
Research on user's highly sensitive privacy disclosure intention in home intelligent health service system: A perspective from trust enhancement mechanism
Authors: Li Shugang , Li Ruoxuan , Zhu Boyi , Zhang Beiyan , Li Jiayi , Liu Fang , Wei Yanfang 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe aim is to investigate the determinants and mechanisms that influence user's highly sensitive privacy disclosure intention (HSPDI) in home intelligent health service system (HIHSS).MethodsThis study improves the privacy calculus theory by considering the influence of service providers’ trust enhancement mechanism besides benefit and risk factors and investigates their impact on users’ HSPDIs. This study takes perceived valence and perceived security as the trade-off result among perceived benefits, perceived risks, financial trust enhancement mechanism, and the technical trust enhancement mechanism and suggests that perceived valence and perceived security further affect users’ HSPDI in HIHSS. Moreover, the common and differential effects of the perceived justice of privacy violation compensation (PJOPVC) and the perceived effectiveness of privacy protection technologies (PEOPPTs) are studied. The structural equation model is used to analyze 204 valid samples to test the proposed model.ResultsThe results show that perceived benefits and perceived risks are important predictors of perceived valence and perceived security, and further affect users’ HSPDI. We find PJOPVC has a greater impact on perceived valence while PEOPPT has a greater impact on perceived security.ConclusionsWe recommend that the HSPDI of users with low perceived valence can be improved by providing privacy violation compensation while the HSPDI of users with low perceived security can be enhanced by popularizing relevant knowledge of privacy protection technologies.
Investigating the effects of digital foot self-management program on enhancing self-efficacy and self-care behavior among community-dwelling older adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Shu-Ming , (Jo) Wu Chiung-Jung 
Published: December 2023

Introduction Diabetic foot self-management intervention programs have been proven to positively influence individuals’ behaviors in preventing diabetic foot ulcers. Using digital technologies to deliver programs can facilitate compliance with diabetes self-management programs. However, few studies have focused on the effects of such digital programs on improving the self-efficacy and behaviors of older adults with type 2 diabetes in the community. Aim To evaluate the effects of a digital foot self-management program on self-efficacy, self-care behavior, and Hemoglobin A1c levels. Design A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Methods The intervention program comprised a 4-week digital foot care program with one face-to-face education session, phone calls once weekly, and LINE messages (social media) three times per research nurse and a follow-up of three months. Patients in the control group received routine care. Results A total of 100 participants ( n = 50 in the control and n = 50 in the intervention groups) completed the study with a mean age of 67.55 (SD = 11.17). The results showed significant improvements in self-efficacy ( F = 2187.24, p < 0.01) and self-care behavior ( F = 614.71, p < 0.01) in foot care between the groups. The Hemoglobin A1c levels showed a 0.41% reduction over time in the experimental group ( t = −3.759; p < 0.01), whereas the control group showed a 0.06% reduction ( t = −0.797, p > 0.05). Conclusion The newly developed digital foot self-management program was effective in community-dwelling older adult patients with type 2 diabetes.
Multiparametric MRI of Knees in Collegiate Basketball Players: Associations With Morphological Abnormalities and Functional Deficits
Authors: Nosrat Cameron , Gao Kenneth T. , Bhattacharjee Rupsa , Pedoia Valentina , Koff Matthew F. , Gold Garry E. , Potter Hollis G. , Majumdar Sharmila 
Published: December 2023

Background: Rates of cartilage degeneration in asymptomatic elite basketball players are significantly higher compared with the general population due to excessive loads on the knee. Compositional quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) techniques can identify local biochemical changes of macromolecules observed in cartilage degeneration. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to utilize multiparametric qMRI to (1) quantify how T1ρ and T2 relaxation times differ based on the presence of anatomic abnormalities and (2) correlate T1ρ and T2 with self-reported functional deficits. It was hypothesized that prolonged relaxation times will be associated with knees with MRI-graded abnormalities and knees belonging to basketball players with greater self-reported functional deficits. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 75 knees from National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I basketball players (40 female, 35 male) were included in this multicenter study. All players completed the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and had bilateral knee MRI scans taken. T1ρ and T2 were calculated on a voxel-by-voxel basis. The cartilage surfaces were segmented into 6 compartments: lateral femoral condyle, lateral tibia, medial femoral condyle, medial tibia (MT), patella (PAT), and trochlea (TRO). Lesions from the MRI scans were graded for imaging abnormalities, and statistical parametric mapping was performed to study cross-sectional differences based on MRI scan grading of anatomic knee abnormalities. Pearson partial correlations between relaxation times and KOOS subscore values were computed, obtaining r value statistical parametric mappings and P value clusters. Results: Knees without patellar tendinosis displayed significantly higher T1ρ in the PAT compared with those with patellar tendinosis (average percentage difference, 10.4%; P = .02). Significant prolongation of T1ρ was observed in the MT, TRO, and PAT of knees without compared with those with quadriceps tendinosis (average percentage difference, 12.7%, 13.3%, and 13.4%, respectively; P ≤ .05). A weak correlation was found between the KOOS-Symptoms subscale values and T1ρ/T2. Conclusion: Certain tissues that bear the brunt of impact developed tendinosis but spared cartilage degeneration. Whereas participants reported minimal functional deficits, their high-impact activities resulted in structural damage that may lead to osteoarthritis after their collegiate careers.