bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of pre‐emptive testing of a pharmacogenomic panel in clinical practice: Where do we stand?
Authors: Peruzzi Elena , Roncato Rossana , De Mattia Elena , Bignucolo Alessia , Swen Jesse J. , Guchelaar Henk‐Jan , Toffoli Giuseppe , Cecchin Erika 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) account for a large proportion of hospitalizations among adults and are more common in multimorbid patients, worsening clinical outcomes and burdening healthcare resources. Over the past decade, pharmacogenomics has been developed as a practical tool for optimizing treatment outcomes by mitigating the risk of ADRs. Some single‐gene reactive tests are already used in clinical practice, including the DPYD test for fluoropyrimidines, which demonstrates how integrating pharmacogenomic data into routine care can improve patient safety in a cost‐effective manner. The evolution from reactive single‐gene testing to comprehensive pre‐emptive genotyping panels holds great potential for refining drug prescribing practices. Several implementation projects have been conducted to test the feasibility of applying different genetic panels in clinical practice. Recently, the results of a large prospective randomized trial in Europe (the PREPARE study by Ubiquitous Pharmacogenomics consortium) have provided the first evidence that prospective application of a pre‐emptive pharmacogenomic test panel in clinical practice, in seven European healthcare systems, is feasible and yielded a 30% reduction in the risk of developing clinically relevant toxicities. Nevertheless, some important questions remain unanswered and will hopefully be addressed by future dedicated studies. These issues include the cost‐effectiveness of applying a pre‐emptive genotyping panel, the role of multiple co‐medications, the transferability of currently tested pharmacogenetic guidelines among patients of non‐European origin and the impact of rare pharmacogenetic variants that are not detected by currently used genotyping approaches.
Dysfunction of sinus macrophages in tumor‐bearing host induces resistance to immunotherapy
Authors: Anami Toshiki , Pan Cheng , Fujiwara Yukio , Komohara Yoshihiro , Yano Hiromu , Saito Yoichi , Sugimoto Masamichi , Wakita Daiko , Motoshima Takanobu , Murakami Yoji , Yatsuda Junji , Takahashi Naofumi , Suzu Shinya , Asano Kenichi , Tamada Koji , Kamba Tomomi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSinus macrophages in draining lymph nodes (DLNs) are involved in anti‐tumor immune reactions. CD169 (Sialoadhesin, Siglec‐1) is expressed on sinus macrophages and is considered a surrogate marker for the immunostimulatory phenotype of macrophages. In this study, the significance of sinus macrophages in immunotherapy was evaluated using mouse models. Treatment with anti‐programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) antibody suppressed the subcutaneous tumor growth of MC38 and E0771 cells but was not effective against MB49 and LLC tumors. Decreased cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration in tumor tissues and CD169 expression in sinus macrophages were observed in MB49 and LLC cells compared to corresponding parameters in MC38 and E0771 cells. The anti‐tumor effects of the anti‐PD‐L1 antibody on MC38 and E0771 cells were abolished when sinus macrophages in DLNs were depleted, suggesting that sinus macrophages are involved in the therapeutic effect of the anti‐PD‐L1 antibody. Naringin activated sinus macrophages. Naringin inhibited tumor growth in MB49‐ and LLC‐bearing mice but did not affect that in MC38‐ and E0771‐bearing mice. The infiltration of CTLs in tumor tissues and their activation were increased by naringin, and this effect was impaired when sinus macrophages were depleted. Combination therapy with naringin and anti‐PD‐L1 antibody suppressed MB49 tumor growth. In conclusion, CD169‐positive sinus macrophages in DLNs are critical for anti‐tumor immune responses, and naringin suppresses tumor growth by activating CD169‐positive sinus macrophages and anti‐tumor CTL responses. The activation status of sinus macrophages has been suggested to differ among tumor models, and this should be investigated in future studies.
Synthesis and antiglycation activity of 3‐phenacyl substituted thiazolium salts, new analogs of Alagebrium
Authors: Ozerov Alexander , Merezhkina Darya , Zubkov Fedor I. , Litvinov Roman , Ibragimova Umida , Valuisky Nikita , Borisov Alexander , Spasov Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAfter preliminary ab initio calculations, 3‐phenacyl substituted thiazolium salts, analogs of Alagebrium, were synthesized and investigated in vitro as glycation reaction inhibitors. The most part of investigations focused on the potential of the title compounds to attenuate the formation of fluorescent AGEs as well on their ability to disrupt the cross‐linking formation among glycated proteins. Additionally, the capability of thiazolium salts to deglycate in the reaction of early glycation products with nitroblue tetrazolium was determined. Cytotoxicological properties of the title compounds were evaluated using LDH and MTT assays. The leader compound (3‐[2‐(biphenyl‐4‐yl)‐2‐oxoethyl]‐1,3‐thiazol‐3‐ium bromide) in a 50 mg/kg dose (p.o. 14 days) was further tested within an in vivo carbonyl stress model (rats, methylglyoxal 86.25 mg/kg/d, i.p., 14 days). As a result, the leader‐molecule revealed a high effectiveness against all three examined mechanisms of glycation reaction inhibition in in vitro tests and was able to suppress capacity of methylglyoxal to form AGEs in vivo.
Identifying key dimensions of indigenous led child welfare services: A qualitative literature review
Authors: Paki Paki Natalie , King Paula Toko , Lewis Lashana , Walker Shayne , Mackay Hunia Te Urukaiata , Anderson Daniel , Amante Eunice , Kemp Susan P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNational and state governments in settler colonial countries are increasingly committing to policies and practices aimed at strengthening Indigenous frameworks, programmes and leadership in child protection services. However, research‐based information on Indigenous child welfare services and programmes is sparse. This qualitative literature review explores and documents key features of Indigenous child welfare and protection models and/or frameworks in an international context, with a specific focus on Indigenous children, young people, families, and communities. Twenty‐four publications meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. Published frameworks, models, services, interventions and/or programmes within the broader area of child welfare and children protection that are Indigenous‐designed and/or led or developed in partnership or collaboration with Indigenous peoples were identified. The review highlights 11 key dimensions that underpin the frameworks, models, services, interventions and/or programmes. Findings of the review also reveal commonalities across Indigenous cultures and contexts that from an Indigenous perspective are considered fundamental to supporting Indigenous children, young people and families involved with child protective services. Additionally, the findings point to the critical need for ongoing advocacy for Indigenous‐designed and led services and programmes, including support for Indigenous research, evaluation and intellectual leadership.
Genetic counselling considerations with genetic/genomic testing in Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Units: A scoping review
Authors: Kim Sunu , Pistawka Carly , Langlois Sylvie , Osiovich Horacio , Virani Alice , Kitchin Vanessa ,   GenCOUNSEL Study, Elliott Alison M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGenetic and genomic technologies can effectively diagnose numerous genetic disorders. Patients benefit when genetic counselling accompanies genetic testing and international guidelines recommend pre‐ and post‐test genetic counselling with genome‐wide sequencing. However, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the unique genetic counselling considerations with different types of genetic testing in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). This scoping review was conducted to identify the gaps in care with respect to genetic counselling for infants/pediatric patients undergoing genetic and genomic testing in NICUs and PICUs and understand areas in need of improvement in order to optimize clinical care for patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers. Five databases (MEDLINE [Ovid], Embase [Ovid], PsycINFO [Ebsco], CENTRAL [Ovid], and CINHAL [Ebsco]) and grey literature were searched. A total of 170 studies were included and used for data extraction and analysis. This scoping review includes descriptive analysis, followed by a narrative account of the extracted data. Results were divided into three groups: pre‐test, post‐test, and comprehensive (both pre‐ and post‐test) genetic counselling considerations based on indication for testing. More studies were conducted in the NICU than the PICU. Comprehensive genetic counselling was discussed in only 31% of all the included studies demonstrating the need for both pre‐test and post‐test genetic counselling for different clinical indications in addition to the need to account for different cultural aspects based on ethnicity and geographic factors.
Interactive Authoring of Terrain using Diffusion Models
Authors: Lochner J. , Gain J. , Perche S. , Peytavie A. , Galin E. , Guérin E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGenerating heightfield terrains is a necessary precursor to the depiction of computer‐generated natural scenes in a variety of applications. Authoring such terrains is made challenging by the need for interactive feedback, effective user control, and perceptually realistic output encompassing a range of landforms. We address these challenges by developing a terrain‐authoring framework underpinned by an adaptation of diffusion models for conditional image synthesis, trained on real‐world elevation data. This framework supports automated cleaning of the training set; authoring control through style selection and feature sketches; the ability to import and freely edit pre‐existing terrains, and resolution amplification up to the limits of the source data. Our framework improves on previous machine‐learning approaches by: expanding landform variety beyond mountainous terrain to encompass cliffs, canyons, and plains; providing a better balance between terseness and specificity in user control, and improving the fidelity of global terrain structure and perceptual realism. This is demonstrated through drainage simulations and a user study testing the perceived realism for different classes of terrain. The full source code, blender add‐on, and pre‐trained models are available.
MOVIN: Real‐time Motion Capture using a Single LiDAR
Authors: Jang Deok‐Kyeong , Yang Dongseok , Jang Deok‐Yun , Choi Byeoli , Jin Taeil , Lee Sung‐Hee 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecent advancements in technology have brought forth new forms of interactive applications, such as the social metaverse, where end users interact with each other through their virtual avatars. In such applications, precise full‐body tracking is essential for an immersive experience and a sense of embodiment with the virtual avatar. However, current motion capture systems are not easily accessible to end users due to their high cost, the requirement for special skills to operate them, or the discomfort associated with wearable devices. In this paper, we present MOVIN, the data‐driven generative method for real‐time motion capture with global tracking, using a single LiDAR sensor. Our autoregressive conditional variational autoencoder (CVAE) model learns the distribution of pose variations conditioned on the given 3D point cloud from LiDAR. As a central factor for high‐accuracy motion capture, we propose a novel feature encoder to learn the correlation between the historical 3D point cloud data and global, local pose features, resulting in effective learning of the pose prior. Global pose features include root translation, rotation, and foot contacts, while local features comprise joint positions and rotations. Subsequently, a pose generator takes into account the sampled latent variable along with the features from the previous frame to generate a plausible current pose. Our framework accurately predicts the performer's 3D global information and local joint details while effectively considering temporally coherent movements across frames. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our architecture through quantitative and qualitative evaluations, comparing it against state‐of‐the‐art methods. Additionally, we implement a real‐time application to showcase our method in real‐world scenarios. MOVIN dataset is available at https://movin3d.github.io/movin_pg2023/https://movin3d.github.io/movin_pg2023/">https://movin3d.github.io/movin_pg2023/.
OptCtrlPoints: Finding the Optimal Control Points for Biharmonic 3D Shape Deformation
Authors: Kim Kunho , Angelina Uy Mikaela , Paschalidou Despoina , Jacobson Alec , Guibas Leonidas J. , Sung Minhyuk 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe proposeOptCtrlPoints, a data‐driven framework designed to identify the optimal sparse set of control points for reproducing target shapes using biharmonic 3D shape deformation. Control‐point‐based 3D deformation methods are widely utilized for interactive shape editing, and their usability is enhanced when the control points are sparse yet strategically distributed across the shape. With this objective in mind, we introduce a data‐driven approach that can determine the most suitable set of control points, assuming that we have a given set of possible shape variations. The challenges associated with this task primarily stem from the computationally demanding nature of the problem. Two main factors contribute to this complexity: solving a large linear system for the biharmonic weight computation and addressing the combinatorial problem of finding the optimal subset of mesh vertices. To overcome these challenges, we propose a reformulation of the biharmonic computation that reduces the matrix size, making it dependent on the number of control points rather than the number of vertices. Additionally, we present an efficient search algorithm that significantly reduces the time complexity while still delivering a nearly optimal solution. Experiments on SMPL, SMAL, and DeformingThings4D datasets demonstrate the efficacy of our method. Our control points achieve better template‐to‐target fit than FPS, random search, and neural‐network‐based prediction. We also highlight the significant reduction in computation time from days to approximately 3 minutes.
Refinement of Hair Geometry by Strand Integration
Authors: Maeda Ryota , Takayama Kenshi , Taketomi Takafumi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReconstructing 3D hair is challenging due to its complex micro‐scale geometry, and is of essential importance for the efficient creation of high‐fidelity virtual humans. Existing hair capture methods based on multi‐view stereo tend to generate results that are noisy and inaccurate. In this study, we propose a refinement method for hair geometry by incorporating the gradient of strands into the computation of their position. We formulate a gradient integration strategy for hair strands. We evaluate the performance of our method using a synthetic multi‐view dataset containing four hairstyles, and show that our refinement produces more accurate hair geometry. Furthermore, we tested our method with a real image input. Our method produces a plausible result. Our source code is publicly available athttps://github.com/elerac/strand_integration.
Fine Back Surfaces Oriented Human Reconstruction for Single RGB‐D Images
Authors: Fang Xianyong , Qian Yu , He Jinshen , Wang Linbo , Liu Zhengyi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCurrent single RGB‐D image based human surface reconstruction methods generally take both the RGB images and the captured frontal depth maps together so that the 3D cues from the frontal surfaces can help infer the full surface geometries. However, we observe that the back surfaces can often be quite different from the frontal surfaces and, therefore, current methods can mess the recovery process by adopting such 3D cues, especially for the unseen back surfaces. We need to do the back surface inference without the frontal depth map. Consequently, a novel human reconstruction framework is proposed, so that human models with fine geometric details, especially for the back surfaces, can be obtained. In this approach, a progressive estimation method is introduced to effectively recover the unseen back depth maps. The coarse back depth maps are recovered by the parametric models of the subjects, with the fine ones further obtained by the normal‐maps conditioned GAN. This framework also includes a cross‐attention based denoising method for the frontal depth maps. This method adopts the cross attention between the features of the last two layers encoded from the frontal depth maps and thus suppresses the noise for fine depth maps by the attentions of features from the low‐noise and globally‐structured highest layer. Experimental results show the efficacies of the proposed ideas.
SVBRDF Reconstruction by Transferring Lighting Knowledge
Authors: Zhu Pengfei , Lai Shuichang , Chen Mufan , Guo Jie , Liu Yifan , Guo Yanwen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe problem of reconstructing spatially‐varying BRDFs from RGB images has been studied for decades. Researchers found themselves in a dilemma: opting for either higher quality with the inconvenience of camera and light calibration, or greater convenience at the expense of compromised quality without complex setups. We address this challenge by introducing a two‐branch network to learn the lighting effects in images. The two branches, referred to as Light‐known and Light‐aware, diverge in their need for light information. The Light‐aware branch is guided by the Light‐known branch to acquire the knowledge of discerning light effects and surface reflectance properties, but without the reliance of light positions. Both branches are trained using the synthetic dataset, but during testing on real‐world cases without calibration, only the Light‐aware branch is activated. To facilitate a more effective utilization of various light conditions, we employ gated recurrent units (GRUs) to fuse the features extracted from different images. The two modules mutually benefit when multiple inputs are provided. We present our reconstructed results on both synthetic and real‐world examples, demonstrating high quality while maintaining a lightweight characteristic in comparison to previous methods.
World‐Space Spatiotemporal Path Resampling for Path Tracing
Authors: Zhang Hangyu , Wang Beibei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the advent of hardware‐accelerated ray tracing, more and more real‐time rendering applications tend to render images with ray‐traced global illumination (GI). However, the low sample counts at real‐time framerates bring enormous challenges to existing path sampling methods. Recent work (ReSTIR GI) samples indirect illumination effectively with a dramatic bias reduction. However, as a screen‐space based path resampling approach, it can only reuse the path at the first bounce and brings subtle benefits for complex scenes. To this end, we propose a world‐space based spatiotemporal path resampling approach. Our approach caches more path samples into a world‐space grid, which allows reusing sub‐path starting from non‐primary path vertices. Furthermore, we introduce a practical normal‐aware hash grid construction approach, providing more efficient candidate samples for path resampling. Eventually, our method achieves improvements ranging from 16.6% to 41.9% in terms of mean squared errors (MSE) compared against the previous method with only 4.4% ∼ 8.4% extra time cost.
The influence of titanium‐base abutment geometry and height on mechanical stability of implant‐supported single crowns
Authors: Karasan Duygu , Pitta João , Zarauz Cristina , Strasding Malin , Liu Xinran , Fehmer Vincent , Sailer Irena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the influence of titanium base (ti‐base) abutment macro‐ and micro‐geometry on the mechanical stability of polymer‐infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) screw‐retained implant‐supported single crowns (iSCs).Materials and MethodsTwelve specimens per group were used, comprising six different implant/ti‐base abutment combinations restored with PICN iSCs: Nb‐T (gingival height [GH]: 1.5 mm, prosthetic height [PH]: 4.3 mm), CC (GH: 0.8 mm, PH: 4.3 mm), CC‐P (GH: 0.8 mm, PH: 7 mm), Nb‐V (GH: 1.5 mm, PH: 6 mm), St (GH: 1.5 mm, PH: 5.5 mm), and Th (GH: 0.5 mm, PH: 9 mm). The specimens underwent thermo‐mechanical aging, and those that survived were subsequently subjected to static loading until failure. The data were analyzed using a one‐way ANOVA test followed by Tukey post hoc test (α = .05).ResultsAll specimens survived thermo‐mechanical aging without complications, namely, visible cracks, debonding, or screw loosening. Th group demonstrated the highest strength values among all the groups, with significant differences compared to Nb‐T (p < .05), CC (p < .001), and St (p < .001). Additionally, CC‐P group exhibited significantly superior fracture strength results compared to CC (p < .05) and St (p < .05).ConclusionThe choice of ti‐base, particularly prosthetic height, had a significant influence on fracture resistance of PICN iSCs. Nevertheless, the height or geometrical features of the ti‐base did not exhibit a significant influence on the mechanical behavior of the iSC/ti‐base assembly under thermomechanical loading, as all specimens withstood the aging without complication or failure.
The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland guideline on the management of anal fissure
Authors: Cross Katie L. R. , Brown Steven R. , Kleijnen Jos , Bunce James , Paul Melanie , Pilkington Sophie , Warren Oliver , Jones Oliver , Lund Jon , Goss Henry J. , Stanton Michael , Marunda Tatenda , Gilani Artaza , Ngu L. Wee Sing , Tozer Philip 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe management of anal fissure: ACPGBI position statement was written 15 years ago. [KLR Cross et al., Colorectal Dis, 2008]. Our aim was to update the guideline and provide recommendations on the most effective treatment for patients with anal fissures utilising a multidisciplinary, rigorous guideline methodology.MethodsThe development process consisted of six phases. In phase 1 we defined the scope of the guideline. The patient population included patients with acute and chronic anal fissure. The target group was all practitioners (primary and secondary care) treating patients with fissures and, in addition, healthcare workers and patients who desired information regarding fissure management. In phase 2 we formed a guideline development group (GDG) including a methodologist. In phase 3 review questions were formulated, using a reversed PICO process, starting with possible recommendations based on the GDG's knowledge. In phase 4 a comprehensive literature search focused on existing systematic reviews addressing each review question, supplemented by more recent studies if appropriate. In phase 5 data were extracted from the included papers and checked by the GDG. If indicated, meta‐analysis of systematic review data was updated by the GDG. During phase 6 the GDG members decided what recommendations could be made based on the evidence in the literature and strength of the recommendation was assessed using ‘grade’.ResultsThis guideline is divided into two sections: Primary care which includes (i) diagnosis; (ii) basic treatment; (iii) topical treatment; and secondary care which includes (iv) botulinum toxin therapy; (v) surgical intervention and (vi) special situations (including pregnancy and breast‐feeding patients, children, receptive anal intercourse and low‐pressure fissures). A total of 23 recommendations were formulated. A new term clinically healed was described by the GDG.ConclusionThis guideline provides an up‐to‐date evidence‐based summary of the current knowledge of the management of anal fissure and may serve as a useful guide for clinicians as well as a potential reference for patients.