bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tagging the pre-metastatic node in oral cancer: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Priya Bhanu , Spadigam Anita , Dhupar Anita , Syed Shaheen 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTS

Introduction:
Lymph node involvement is the first indication of spread of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and it is also a most significant prognostic factor. Lymph nodes show various tumor-induced histological changes preceding actual metastasis, viz. increased vascularity, follicular hyperplasia and desmoplasia which leads to pre-metastatic niche formation. This pre-metastatic niche primarily provides a favorable microenvironment to for the survival and subsequent growth of cancer cells within the lymph node.

Aim:
A retrospective study to evaluate carcinoma-induced changes in lymph nodes harvested from radical neck dissection in OSCC patients.

Objectives:
1) To evaluate cancer-induced histological changes in positive and negative lymph nodes in OSCC patients. 2) To look for common histopathological changes in both pre-metastatic and metastatic lymph nodes.

Materials and Methods:
Forty lymph nodes harvested from seven OSCC patients were sectioned and stained (Hematoxylin-Eosin) for documentation of histologically evident morphological and functional alterations. The Chi-square test was applied between the non-metastatic and metastatic lymph nodes findings and a statistically significant difference was seen.

Results:
Sections from 28 negative nodes showed changes associated with pre-metastatic niche conditioning whereas, 12 sections exhibit frank metastases.

Conclusion:
The modified immunological responses and remodeling of the vasculature are the most common histologic tumor-induced pre-metastatic changes. This study reviewed and categorized these histological changes that point to pre-metastatic niche conditioning of lymph nodes.
Multiple primary head and neck squamous cell cancer: Lessons learnt
Authors: Ghogale Kshitish S. , Naorem Raphel , Waghmare Chaitali M. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTS

Aim:
To analyze the demographic profile, treatment outcome, and factors affecting them in multiple primary head and neck squamous cell cancer (MPHNSCC) patients.

Materials and Methods:
Hospital case records of patients with histopathology proven MPHNSCC registered in the radiation oncology department from January 2008 to December 2020 were retrospectively studied. Modified Warren–Gates criteria were used to define MPHNSCC. Demographic and clinical details were recorded and analyzed.

Results:
Twenty-seven patients had histopathology proven MPHNSCC. The median age at diagnosis of an index case was 50 years (minimum 26, maximum 70) with a male to female sex ratio of 22:5. Seventeen (62.96%) patients were tobacco users; either smoked or smokeless. The oral cavity was the commonest sub-site for both an index and second primary malignancy (22 patients; 81.48%) and the majority presented in a locally advanced stage of disease (10; 37.03% and 16; 62.95% for an index and second primary, respectively). The presentation was simultaneous, synchronous, and metachronous in 1 (3.7%), 2 (7.4%), and 24 (88.89%) patients, respectively. Two patients had three sites of MPHNSCC. The average duration of chronicity was 54.37 months (min. 8 and max. 156). MPHNSCC were ipsilateral in 10 (37.04%) patients and re-irradiation was planned for 22 (81.48%) patients with 50% treatment compliance. At the time of the last hospital visit, 18 (66.66%) patients were alive with disease, 7 (25.92%) patients were alive without disease, and 2 (7.40%) patients died of disease.

Conclusion:
A higher percentage of MPHNSCC originated from the oral cavity and the majority presented in the locally advanced stage of disease; despite the site being accessible to self-oral examination. Patient education and physician’s awareness regarding the MPHNSCC are needed.
Radiotherapy for successful symptom control in recurrent refractory endometriosis: A case report
Authors: Antony Febin , Chalissery Jomon Raphael , Gilvaz Sareena 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Endometriosis is a benign gynecological condition which induces a chronic inflammatory process, characterized by the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterus. Treatment options for endometriosis include medical, surgical, or both. Irrespective of the treatment approach, recurrence of symptoms is not rare. We report the use of radiotherapy in a patient with recurrent refractory endometriosis, not responding to conventional treatments. At lower doses, radiotherapy can modulate the inflammatory cascade and can also does ovarian ablation. She was treated using 6MV photons with a four-field box to a total dose of 30Gy in 10 fractions. The pelvic radiotherapy field also included the ovarian remnant. Her symptoms regressed within one week of radiation treatment and is now symptom free for six months, with good quality of life.
Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with breast cancer risk
Authors: Patel Shruti R. , Patel Kinjal D. , Patel Jayendra B. , Patel Prabhudas S. , Shah Franky Dhaval 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTS

Background:
Recent literature suggests that vitamin D signaling has a protective effect against breast cancer risk. Thus, the aim of the present study was to find the association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with breast cancer risk.

Materials and Methods:
Fok1, Bsm1, Apa1, and Taq1 polymorphisms were performed by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, and Poly A polymorphism was carried out using PCR-SSCP in 140 breast cancer patients and 155 controls.

Results:
Odds ratio was significantly higher in both homozygous variant genotypes (LL) of Poly A polymorphism of VDR (odds ratio [OR] = 5.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19–23.31, P = 0.02) and heterozygous variant genotypes (SL) of Poly A polymorphism of VDR (OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.10–13.7, P = 0.03). Fok1, Bsm1, Apa1, and Taq1 polymorphisms of VDR gene were not significantly associated with breast cancer risk.

Conclusion:
Poly A polymorphism at the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of VDR gene was significantly associated with breast cancer risk in West Indian population.
A huge retroperitoneal Castleman’s disease - rare entity
Authors: Jaishanker Sankareswari , D’Cruze Lawrence , Muralidharan Susruthan , Gunabooshanam Barathi , Singh K Balaji 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Castleman’s disease is a rare angio-follicular lymph node hyperplasia[1,2] have varying presentation and can mimic malignancy. The common locations are mediastinum, neck, axilla, and pelvis but extra nodal sites can also be affected.[3] A 56-year-old patient incidentally found to have mass in the retroperitoneal region by Contract-enhanced computerized tomography (CT). Positron emission tomography scan showed well defined intensely enhancing fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avid lesion in the left iliac region with vascularity. Surgery was performed, and pathological diagnosis was hyaline vascular type-stroma-rich variant of Castleman disease. Here, we report a case of huge retroperitoneal Castleman’s disease in a 56-year-old female patient.[4]
Tumour budding in invasive breast carcinoma and its correlation with histopathological prognostic parameters and hormone receptor status
Authors: Kundu Tamanna , Giri Ranjana , Hota Subhransu K. , Sahu Subrat K. , Senapati Urmila 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTS

Introduction:
Tumor Budding (TB) is emerging as an important sensitive indicator of aggressiveness over traditional histopathological variables such as lymph node metastasis and lymphovascular invasion because TB at the invasive front was postulated as the first step of invasion and metastasis. But the role of TB in breast carcinoma is not yet standardized.

Aim:
This study aims to assess the prognostic significance of TB in breast carcinoma.

Objectives:
To study and grade TB in invasive breast carcinoma and correlate it with known histopathological prognostic markers and hormone receptor status.

Materials and Methods:
In this ambispective study, 51 cases of invasive breast carcinoma undergoing radical surgery were studied from September 2017 to September 2021. Tumor buds were defined as a single or cluster of up to four tumor cells at the invasive front of the tumor and were counted by using IHC Pancytokeratin in 200X and graded into a three-tier grading system. The correlation between TB with established histopathological parameters and hormone receptor status was studied. A Chi-square test was used and a P value < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
TB was seen in all cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Grade 1 TB was seen in 37.26% (19/51) of cases and Grade 2 TB and Grade 3 TB in 31.37% (16/51) of cases each. There was a lack of significant correlation between TB with histologic grade, lymph node status, and HER2 neu. Correlation between TB with Estrogen receptor (ER), Progesterone receptor (PR), and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Prognostic stage group was noted but it was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Although several studies have confirmed the prognostic value of TB in breast carcinoma, they had used several different methods of assessment. So, there is a need for a standardized method for the assessment of TB in breast carcinoma. Further standardization of TB may add its value as a prognostic factor.
Evaluation of medical equipment management in educational hospitals in Isfahan
Authors: Ghasemi Mohammad , Mazaheri Elaheh , Hadian Marziye , Karimi Saeed 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Medical equipment plays an important role in the diagnosis, treatment, and medical education, and each year the major share of hospital costs (about 5%–15% annually) is allocated to the purchase of medical equipment. The selection and allocation of medical equipment should be appropriate and in line with the actual needs of the medical centers, clinical goals, human resources, and the conditions required to ensure safety. The purpose of this study was to study and evaluate current systems of medical equipment management and identify their strengths and weaknesses in Isfahan educational hospitals in 2018.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is a descriptive-applied research that was done in a cross-sectional way in 2018. The statistical population of the research is the authorities of medical equipment and other persons related to the management of medical equipment of selected educational hospitals in Isfahan. The data collection tool is a questionnaire.

RESULTS:
The result of this study was gathered in four areas: medical equipment management, safety, preventive maintenance, and training.

CONCLUSION:
According to this study, there is no comprehensive program in hospitals for how to manage medical equipment, which itself causes the loss of material and equipment capital of the organization. In most cases, the lack of a system for planning and controlling the amount of inventory and purchasing and maintaining medical equipment creates many problems, such as the accumulation and depreciation of equipment or the lack of these facilities in critical situations. In this study, it is suggested initially a scientific control system. Medical equipment is designed so that the hospital's need for equipment at any time of year and the amount of its equipment are clear so that it can be easily decided in this field.
Investigation of the psychometric properties of children's somatization inventory in Iranian adolescents
Authors: Hoseini Sepideh , Jafari Mahdi , Bagajan Kaveh Qaderi , Soleimani Zahra Asl , Sadeghi Meysam , Zolfaghari Shadi , Momeni Aria 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of children's somatization inventory (CSI-24) in a sample of Iranian school adolescents.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this study, after translating and back-translating CSI-24, comparisons were made with the original version. The study population consisted of 394 school adolescents. Cronbach's alpha method was used to examine the reliability of the scale. Furthermore, the correlation of the scale with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised was evaluated to determine its criterion validity, using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods were applied for construct validity.

RESULTS:
Investigation of the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of CSI-24 showed its high reliability and confirmatory factor analysis results show the model's satisfactory fitting.

CONCLUSION:
The Persian version of CSI-24 is a useful self-report tool for evaluating the physical complaints of Iranian school adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years.
Knowledge and performance of the Iranian general population in the use of masks during the 2019 coronavirus
Authors: Mirmolaei Seyedeh Tahereh , Geranmayeh Mehrnaz , Salehiniya Hamid , Mohammadi Azam , Ebrahimi Marzieh 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
The use of personal protective equipment (especially face masks) has increased in different communities amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess knowledge and performance of Iranian general population in wearing face masks.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is a cross-sectional study conducted using a valid and reliable questionnaire on 1843 eligible individuals. The questionnaires were shared by Link (www.porsall.com) in groups and social networks. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 24.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).

RESULTS:
The mean age of the participants was 42.84 years (standard deviation: 16.84). The majority had inadequate and low knowledge of masks (69.2%), nearly 30% had moderate (30.1%), and few had adequate and high knowledge of masks. The individuals' knowledge on when to wear a mask was also assessed and the results showed poor and low in 42.2%, 46.9% moderate and high performance in 10.7%. The participants' performance on how to properly wear a mask was also assessed and 12% showed poor, 69.3% showed moderate, and 18.7% showed high performance. Safe removal of masks was also assessed, and the results showed 52% low and poor, 27.6% moderate, and 20.3% high performance. A significant and direct correlation was found between the overall score knowledge and performance regarding use of masks (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
The results showed poor to moderate knowledge and performance of majority of Iranian general population regarding the masks. Therefore, further effective training courses and action plans are needed in Iran given the importance of masks for the prevention of COVID-19, especially in public places. Educational package about how to use the mask and its benefits, through the media and health centers is recommended.
The effect of counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life among female adolescent students
Authors: Shiri Sayeh , Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh , Esmaeilpour Khalil , Sattarzadeh Niloofar 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Adolescence is a stressful time period. Adolescents experience new changes physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on anxiety (primary outcome), depression, and quality of life (secondary outcomes) of adolescents.

Materials And Method :
This was a quasi-experimental study with pre and postintervention design. One hundred female students aged 16–18 years with mild to moderate anxiety selected through multistage cluster sampling from five educational districts of Tabriz. During six group counseling sessions, students were consulted with the acceptance and commitment approach according to the protocol. Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory and the World Health Organization brief Quality of Life Questionnaire consultation were completed before, immediately after, and 8 weeks after the consultation. Data were analyzed using repeated measure ANCOVA.

RESULTS:
The mean anxiety score decreased significantly immediately after the intervention (mean difference [MD]: −4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −5.9 to − 2.0; P < 0.001) and 8 weeks later (MD: −3.9, 95% CI: −5.8 to − 1.9; P < 0.001). The mean depression score immediately (P < 0.001) and 8 weeks after intervention (MD; −4.2, CI: −1.6 to − 6.8), P < 0.001) declined significantly. The mean overall quality of life score increased significantly after the intervention (P < 0.001) and 8 weeks later (MD: 4.7, 95% CI: 7.1–2.3, P < 0.001) compared to baseline.

CONCLUSIONS:
Based on the effectiveness of counseling based on ACT on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in the female students with the mild and moderate anxiety over time, it can be used as a helpful method in high schools.
The effect of educational intervention based on self-efficacy theory on pregnancy anxiety and childbirth outcomes among Iranian primiparous women
Authors: Gandomi Narges , Sharifzadeh Gholamreza , Torshizi Marzieh , Norozi Ensiyeh 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pregnancy anxiety is associated with a diverse birth outcomes. Mothers' education could have a critical role in increasing their self-efficacy to defeat their anxiety and improve pregnancy and child birth outcomes. The study was conducted to examine the effect of intervention based on self-efficacy theory on pregnancy anxiety and child birth outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was conducted as a quasi-experimental design on 60primiparous women (26–28 weeks) in Birjand (East Iranian province) from May to September 2017, who were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 8 sessions of 90-min educational intervention based on self-efficacy theory strategies besides the routine prenatal care. Vanden Bergh's pregnancy anxiety questionnaire and checklist of pregnancy and delivery outcomes were used for data collection.

RESULTS:
The level of pregnancy anxiety was similar in both groups before the intervention, but immediately and 1 month after the intervention, the mean score of pregnancy anxiety significantly reduced in the intervention group and significantly increased in the control group (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in mean neonatal weight (P < 0.001) between the two groups. Emergency and elective cesarean section were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences in the frequency of preterm delivery between two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
The results provide support for the effectiveness of intervention based on self-efficacy theory in reducing pregnancy anxiety and enhancing positive pregnancy outcomes. Hence, theory-based educational interventions may serve as a cost-effective and noninvasive approach to reduce pregnancy anxiety in Iran.
Factors influencing the consumption of fruits and vegetables in diabetic patients based on Pender’s health promotion model
Authors: Ahmadi Tabatabai Seyed Vahid , Esmailinejad Armita Shah , Sadeghi Reza , Zeidabadi Batool 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
To control blood sugar and prevent complications related to diabetes, eating fruits and vegetables in standard amounts is recommended. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the consumption of fruits and vegetables in diabetic patients based on the Pender health promotion model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 diabetic patients in Sirjan; one of the cities of Kerman in Iran in 2020. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire of Pender's Health Promotion Model and a standard Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System questionnaire were used to measure fruit and vegetable consumption. Data were analyzed using SPSS24 software. Data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, linear regression, and path analysis. Significance level <0.05 was considered.

RESULTS:
The study showed that 71.5% of patients consumed fruits three or more times and 52.3% consumed vegetables per week. Employment, income, education, and gender were significantly associated with fruit and vegetable consumption (P < 0.05). Perceived barriers (P < 0.0001, β =0.23), self-efficacy (P < 0.0001, β =0.32), and commitment to action plan (P = 0.002, β =0.20) were the main predictors of fruit and vegetable consumption.

CONCLUSION:
In this study, self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of fruit and vegetable consumption in diabetic patients. Therefore, it is necessary to consider health education as well as health promotion interventions based on these variables is considered to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables for diabetic patients.
Mapping of epidemiological determinants of confirmed COVID-19 cases among health-care workers of municipal corporation of Delhi
Authors: Singh Sunil Kumar , Jethani Sumit , Gupta Anshumali , Kamble Bhushan Dattatray , Singh Saudan , Ahlawat Pooja 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus which can spread from person to person. Health-care workers of any medical college and hospital are at more risk to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) than the general population. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological profile of confirmed COVID-19 cases among health-care workers of Municipal Corporation of Delhi.

METHODOLOGY:
A cross-sectional study was planned among 422 health-care workers of Municipal Corporation of Delhi. The questionnaire consisted of questions about sociodemographic data, personal history, and clinical profile such as signs and symptoms and their duration. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 21.0, and, Chi-square test and logistic regression were used.

RESULTS:
Mean age of study subjects was 41.1 ± 9.8 years, and males (57.6%) were more as compared to (42.4%) females. Out of total participants, about one-third (36.4%) of study participants were asymptomatic. Study participants with higher education status adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.43 (1.25–4.70), living in overcrowding AOR 3.74 (1.86–7.54), and having some comorbidity AOR 2.78 (1.57–4.92) were at higher risk of being symptomatic.

CONCLUSION:
This study concludes that about one-third of study participants were asymptomatic. Factors such as higher education status, living in overcrowding, presence of some comorbidity, and smokeless tobacco consumption were significantly associated with symptomatic COVID-19 cases. Hence, there is a need to identify these risk factors at an early stage in order to design prevention strategies for better control of such pandemics in future.