bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher Plasma Levels of Endocannabinoids and Analogues Correlate With a Worse Cardiometabolic Profile in Young Adults
Authors: Di Xinyu , Martinez-Tellez Borja , Krekels Elke H J , Jurado-Fasoli Lucas , Osuna-Prieto Francisco J , Ortiz-Alvarez Lourdes , Hankemeier Thomas , Rensen Patrick C N , Ruiz Jonatan R , Kohler Isabelle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a signaling system composed of endocannabinoids (eCBs), their receptors, and the enzymes involved in their synthesis and metabolism. Alterations in the ECS are linked to the development of cardiometabolic diseases.

Objective
Here, we investigated the relationship between plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues with body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Methods
The study included 133 young adults (age 22.1 ± 2.2 years, 67% women). Fasting plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Body composition, brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume, glucose uptake, and traditional cardiometabolic risk factors were measured.

Results
Plasma levels of eCBs and several eCB analogues were positively correlated with adiposity and traditional cardiometabolic risk factors (eg, serum insulin and triacylglyceride levels, all r ≥ 0.17 and P ≤ .045). Plasma levels of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and N-pentadecenoylethanolamine were negatively correlated with BAT volume and glucose uptake (all r ≤ −0.17 and P ≤ .047). We observed that the plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues were higher in metabolically unhealthy overweight–obese participants than in metabolically healthy overweight–obese participants.

Conclusion
Our findings show that the plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues are related to higher levels of adiposity and worse cardiometabolic profile.
Glycemia and Gluconeogenesis With Metformin and Liraglutide: A Randomized Trial in Youth-onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Dietsche Katrina B , Magge Sheela N , Dixon Sydney A , Davis Faith S , Krenek Andrea , Chowdhury Aruba , Mabundo Lilian , Stagliano Michael , Courville Amber B , Yang Shanna , Turner Sara , Cai Hongyi , Kasturi Kannan , Sherman Arthur S , Ha Joon , Shouppe Eileen , Walter Mary , Walter Peter J , Chen Kong Y , Brychta Robert J , Peer Cody , Zeng Yi , Figg William , Cogen Fran , Estrada D Elizabeth , Chacko Shaji , Chung Stephanie T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Elevated rates of gluconeogenesis are an early pathogenic feature of youth-onset type 2 diabetes (Y-T2D), but targeted first-line therapies are suboptimal, especially in African American (AA) youth. We evaluated glucose-lowering mechanisms of metformin and liraglutide by measuring rates of gluconeogenesis and β-cell function after therapy in AA Y-T2D.

Methods
In this parallel randomized clinical trial, 22 youth with Y-T2D—age 15.3 ± 2.1 years (mean ± SD), 68% female, body mass index (BMI) 40.1 ± 7.9 kg/m2, duration of diagnosis 1.8 ± 1.3 years—were randomized to metformin alone (Met) or metformin + liraglutide (Lira) (Met + Lira) and evaluated before and after 12 weeks. Stable isotope tracers were used to measure gluconeogenesis [2H2O] and glucose production [6,6-2H2]glucose after an overnight fast and during a continuous meal. β-cell function (sigma) and whole-body insulin sensitivity (mSI) were assessed during a frequently sampled 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test.

Results
At baseline, gluconeogenesis, glucose production, and fasting and 2-hour glucose were comparable in both groups, though Met + Lira had higher hemoglobin A1C. Met + Lira had a greater decrease from baseline in fasting glucose (−2.0 ± 1.3 vs −0.6 ± 0.9 mmol/L, P = .008) and a greater increase in sigma (0.72 ± 0.68 vs −0.05 ± 0.71, P = .03). The change in fractional gluconeogenesis was similar between groups (Met + Lira: −0.36 ± 9.4 vs Met: 0.04 ± 12.3%, P = .9), and there were no changes in prandial gluconeogenesis or mSI. Increased glucose clearance in both groups was related to sigma (r = 0.63, P = .003) but not gluconeogenesis or mSI.

Conclusion
Among Y-T2D, metformin with or without liraglutide improved glycemia but did not suppress high rates of gluconeogenesis. Novel therapies that will enhance β-cell function and target the elevated rates of gluconeogenesis in Y-T2D are needed.
A possible new direction for employment strategies in rural areas: theoretical foundation for the assessment of employability
Authors: Tésits Róbert , Alpek Levente , Hovanyi Gabor , Lendvai Tamas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a theoretical framework for measuring an important segment of labour economics, namely the spatial structure of employability, especially for disadvantaged groups and regions. Based on secondary sources, it summarises the main factors of employability, providing a starting point for researchers working on the econometric branch of social sciences to develop an employability index using this conceptual background. The base of the primary research is the complex questionnaire survey administered to a group of the most disadvantaged job seekers. The study evaluates the factors hindering the employability of human resources that can be activated in the most disadvantaged districts. The research results are useful for those who are interested in increasing employment and reducing the impact of employability-limiting factors.
Investigation of conceptual networks related to climate change among inhabitants: A case study in Eastern Hungarian settlements with word association method
Authors: Kiss Emőke , Fazekas István , Balla Dániel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, the word association method was applied in relation to municipalities in Eastern Hungary (Hajdú-Bihar county), where the Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) already exists, and where the SECAP has not yet been introduced. In addition to the six municipalities examined, Debrecen, a county seat with the SECAP, was also included in the survey. The aim was to explore the conceptual networks related to climate change and the strength of the relationship between the stimulus word and the associated concepts. The associations representing a common meaning were categorised. The results show that the distribution of conceptual networks and that of categories related to climate change exhibit a similar picture in the group of municipalities with (3 villages) and without the SECAP (3 villages), although significant differences were found when the settlements were examined separately (7 municipalities). Studying the distribution of categories by demographic groups, it was found that educational attainment determines, to the greatest extent, the answers.
Possibilities for paranormal tourism development in Serbia
Authors: Obradović Sanja , Pivac Tatjana , Besermenji Snežana , Tešin Aleksandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to identify possibilities for paranormal tourism development in Serbia and to determine domestic tourists’ interest in participating in paranormal tourism. Paranormal places and bizarre rituals have been defined as potential paranormal tourism localities and events. Paranormal tourism is one of the new forms of special interest tourism. It is evident that paranormal tourism is a result of the expansion of other related types of tourism, such as dark tourism, ghost tourism, spiritual tourism, cultural tourism, ethnological tourism, new age tourism and pilgrimage tourism. It is defined by tourists’ interest in topics which challenge realist ontologies and representational epistemologies. The present study examines responses from 405 Serbia residents (potential tourists). After using descriptive statistics, Independent Samples T-Test and ANOVA, the study finds that potential tourists are interested in visiting certain paranormal places, and there is a possibility to develop this type of tourism in Serbia. The current work is the first study of paranormal tourism in Serbia and one of the few studies in the world.
An Experiment on Gender Representation in Majoritarian Bargaining
Authors: Baranski Andrzej , Geraldes Diogo , Kovaliukaite Ada , Tremewan James 
Published: November 2023

Women are underrepresented in business, academic, and political decision-making bodies across the world. To investigate the causal effect of gender representation on multilateral negotiations, we experimentally manipulate the composition of triads in a majoritarian, divide-the-dollar game. We document a robust gender gap in earnings driven largely by the exclusion of women from alliances rather than differential shares within alliances. Experiments with different subject pools show that distinct bargaining dynamics can underlie the same inequitable outcomes; gender-biased outcomes can be caused by outright discrimination, but they can also be driven by more complex dynamics related to differences in bargaining strategies. Although replacing the male with a female majority all but eliminates the gap in one pool, it has minimal effect in the other. These findings show that there is no “one-size-fits-all” solution to the gender gap we uncovered and highlight the importance of studying bargaining dynamics in detail. This paper was accepted by Marie-Claire Villeval, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: A. Baranski recognizes financial support from Tamkeen [under the New York University Abu Dhabi Research Institute; Grant CG005]. J. Tremewan acknowledges funding from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant ANR-21-CE03-0018 (Project ENDURA)]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01800 .
Building Socially Intelligent AI Systems: Evidence from the Trust Game Using Artificial Agents with Deep Learning
Authors: Wu Jason Xianghua , Wu Yan (Diana) , Chen Kay-Yut , Hua Lei 
Published: November 2023

The trust game, a simple two-player economic exchange, is extensively used as an experimental measure for trust and trustworthiness of individuals. We construct deep neural network–based artificial intelligence (AI) agents to participate a series of experiments based upon the trust game. These artificial agents are trained by playing with one another repeatedly without any prior knowledge, assumption, or data regarding human behaviors. We find that, under certain conditions, AI agents produce actions that are qualitatively similar to decisions of human subjects reported in the trust game literature. Factors that influence the emergence and levels of cooperation by artificial agents in the game are further explored. This study offers evidence that AI agents can develop trusting and cooperative behaviors purely from an interactive trial-and-error learning process. It constitutes a first step to build multiagent-based decision support systems in which interacting artificial agents are capable of leveraging social intelligence to achieve better outcomes collectively. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: Y. (D.) Wu extends her gratitude for the financial support provided through the RSCA Seed [Grant 22-RSG-01-004] from the San Jose State University. Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4782 .
Agricultural Supply Chains in Emerging Markets: Competition and Cooperation Under Correlated Yields
Authors: Li Jian , Kouvelis Panos , Dada Maqbool 
Published: November 2023

Problem definition: We model the development of effective agricultural supply chains (agri-chains) in emerging economies for better utilization of land and intermediate processing resources for harvested export-oriented goods. We study decisions made by farmers, intermediate processors, and government officials in agri-chains. The structure and management of supply chains and government minimum guaranteed prices to farmers affect the performance of these chains and are in the domain of our study. Methodology/results: We develop models of agricultural supply chains in which yields are correlated across regions, and farmers sell to competing capacitated processors. The models have two types of fundamental decisions: determining how much land to allocate for planting before the start of a growing season and, determining the prices offered by competing processors that purchase the harvest. We develop analytical results and algorithmic approaches for finding resulting equilibria that depend on the nature of decision making and on the structure of yield uncertainty. In particular, for all-or-nothing yields, we characterize the ranges of minimum guaranteed prices that lead to farmers’ no-production, under-production, full-production and over-production equilibria. Analytical results supported by numerical experiments allow us to conclude that appropriately setting minimum price guarantees, with the exact definition of such ranges dependent on agri-chain characteristics, can lead to first-best supply chain solutions. Managerial implications: The analysis also suggests that some farmer co-operation in land allocation or regional integration of farmer-processing assets, together with moderate minimum guaranteed prices, might be implementable pathways for achieving agri-chain efficiency in emerging economies. In an interesting result, farmlands with yields of positive correlation tend to inhibit over-production, whereas those with negative correlations tend to induce over-production. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0076 .
Characteristics of pressure injuries among geriatric patients at an Indonesian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yusharyahya Shannaz Nadia , Legiawati Lili , Astriningrum Rinadewi , Jonlean Reganedgary , Andhira Vega 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND Pressure injury develops due to sustained pressure at the bony prominence of the skin and tissues. Geriatric patients often have multiple comorbidities, predisposing them to pressure injury. Data on the characteristics of the geriatric with pressure injuries are still limited. This study aimed to report the characteristics of geriatric patients with pressure injuries admitted at a tertiary hospital in Indonesia.
METHODS This cross-sectional study used medical records of geriatric patients admitted with all stages of pressure injuries consulted to the Department of Dermatology and Venereology at a tertiary hospital in Indonesia between January 2017 and April 2021. Pressure injuries were classified based on the 2019 National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel guideline.
RESULTS 39 patients presented with varied pressure injury characteristics. The sacral region was the most reported site (36%), with stage 2 pressure injury being the most commonly found stage in the patients (74%). Interestingly, 22% of the patients had pressure injuries found on the atypical sites due to prolonged surgery or the pressure of medical devices. More than half of the patients used conventional dressings (51.3%). Immobility was found in 35.9% of the patients due to being bedridden.
CONCLUSIONS No characteristics were found as a significant risk factor for pressure injury formation during or outside the admission period. However, a history of surgery might be related to pressure injury formation during admission.
Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on a D-shaped hollow microstructured fiber with bimetallic film
Authors: She Yulai , Ling Tiansheng , Zhang Yuting , Du Hao , Lai Huajun , Xu Yi 
Published: November 2023

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on D-shaped hollow microstructured fiber with Au/ITO bimetallic film is proposed. The employment of bimetallic films improves the adhesion between optical films and fiber surfaces and further enhances the coupling effect of SPR. The effects of various structural parameters (e.g., sizes of air holes in the core and metallic film thickness) on the sensor performances are investigated with the finite element method. The maximum wavelength sensitivity of 9900 nm/RIU (RIU: refractive index unit) in the refractive index (RI) range of 1.30–1.39 is achieved, corresponding to a resolution of 1.01×10−5RIU−1. The proposed SPR sensor also exhibits a maximum amplitude sensitivity of 425.58RIU−1. These results demonstrate that the proposed D-shaped hollow microstructured fiber with the bimetallic film is a promising structure for refractive index sensing and may help design susceptible SPR fiber sensors.
Subcutaneous ketamine infusion in palliative patients for major depressive disorder (SKIPMDD)—Phase II single-arm open-label feasibility study
Authors: Lee Wei , Sheehan Caitlin , Chye Richard , Chang Sungwon , Bayes Adam , Loo Colleen , Draper Brian , Agar Meera R. , Currow David C. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Ketamine at subanaesthetic dosages (≤0.5mg/kg) exhibits rapid onset (over hours to days) antidepressant effects against major depressive disorder in people who are otherwise well. However, its safety, tolerability and efficacy are not known for major depressive disorder in people with advanced life-limiting illnesses.

Objective
To determine the feasibility, safety, tolerability, acceptability and any antidepressant signal/activity to justify and inform a fully powered study of subcutaneous ketamine infusions for major depressive disorder in the palliative setting.

Methods
This was a single arm, open-label, phase II feasibility study (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry Number—ACTRN12618001586202). We recruited adults (≥ 18-years-old) with advanced life-limiting illnesses referred to four palliative care services in Sydney, Australia, diagnosed with major depressive disorder from any care setting. Participants received weekly subcutaneous ketamine infusion (0.1–0.4mg/kg) over two hours using individual dose-titration design. Outcomes assessed were feasibility, safety, tolerability and antidepressant activity.

Results
Out of ninety-nine referrals, ten participants received ketamine and were analysed for responses. Accrual rate was 0.54 participants/month across sites with 50% of treated participants achieving ≥ 50% reduction in baseline Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, meeting feasibility criteria set a priori. There were no clinically relevant harms encountered.

Conclusions
A future definitive trial exploring the effectiveness of subcutaneous infusion of ketamine for major depressive disorder in the palliative care setting may be feasible by addressing identified study barriers. Individual dose-titration of subcutaneous ketamine infusions over two hours from 0.1mg/kg can be well-tolerated and appears to produce transient antidepressant signals over hours to days.
Development and validation of a quantitative Proximity Extension Assay instrument with 21 proteins associated with cardiovascular risk (CVD-21)
Authors: Siegbahn Agneta , Eriksson Niclas , Assarsson Erika , Lundberg Martin , Ballagi Andrea , Held Claes , Stewart Ralph A. H. , White Harvey D. , Åberg Mikael , Wallentin Lars 
Published: November 2023

Background
Treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is a substantial burden to healthcare systems worldwide. New tools are needed to improve precision of treatment by optimizing the balance between efficacy, safety, and cost. We developed a high-throughput multi-marker decision support instrument which simultaneously quantifies proteins associated with CVD.

Methods and findings
Candidate proteins independently associated with different clinical outcomes were selected from clinical studies by the screening of 368 circulating biomarkers. We then custom-designed a quantitative PEA-panel with 21 proteins (CVD-21) by including recombinant antigens as calibrator samples for normalization and absolute quantification of the proteins. The utility of the CVD-21 tool was evaluated in plasma samples from a case-control cohort of 4224 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) using multivariable Cox regression analyses and machine learning techniques. The assays in the CVD-21 tool gave good precision and high sensitivity with lower level of determination (LOD) between 0.03–0.7 pg/ml for five of the biomarkers. The dynamic range for the assays was sufficient to accurately quantify the biomarkers in the validation study except for troponin I, which in the modeling was replaced by high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT). We created seven different multimarker models, including a reference model with NT-proBNP, hs-TnT, GDF-15, IL-6, and cystatin C and one model with only clinical variables, for the comparison of the discriminative value of the CVD-21 tool. All models with biomarkers including hs-TnT provided similar discrimination for all outcomes, e.g. c-index between 0.68–0.86 and outperformed models using only clinical variables. Most important prognostic biomarkers were MMP-12, U-PAR, REN, VEGF-D, FGF-23, TFF3, ADM, and SCF.

Conclusions
The CVD-21 tool is the very first instrument which with PEA simultaneously quantifies 21 proteins with associations to different CVD. Novel pathophysiologic and prognostic information beyond that of established biomarkers were identified by a number of proteins.
A comparation of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for sedation in patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wen Jiaxuan , Ding Xueying , Liu Chen , Jiang Wenyu , Xu Yingrui , Wei Xiuhong , Liu Xin 
Published: November 2023

Background
The use of dexmedetomidine rather than midazolam may improve ICU outcomes. We summarized the available recent evidence to further verify this conclusion.

Methods
An electronic search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was conducted. Risk ratios (RR) were used for binary categorical variables, and for continuous variables, weighted mean differences (WMD) were calculated, the effect sizes are expressed as 95% confidence intervals (CI), and trial sequential analysis was performed.

Results
16 randomized controlled trials were enrolled 2035 patients in the study. Dexmedetomidine as opposed to midazolam achieved a shorter length of stay in ICU (MD = -2.25, 95%CI = -2.94, -1.57, p<0.0001), lower risk of delirium (RR = 0.63, 95%CI = 0.50, 0.81, p = 0.0002), and shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (MD = -0.83, 95%CI = -1.24, -0.43, p<0.0001). The association between dexmedetomidine and bradycardia was also found to be significant (RR 2.21, 95%CI 1.31, 3.73, p = 0.003). We found no difference in hypotension (RR = 1.44, 95%CI = 0.87, 2.38, P = 0.16), mortality (RR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.83, 1.25, P = 0.87), neither in terms of adverse effects requiring intervention, hospital length of stay, or sedation effects.

Conclusions
Combined with recent evidence, compared with midazolam, dexmedetomidine decreased the risk of delirium, mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the ICU, as well as reduced patient costs. But dexmedetomidine could not reduce mortality and increased the risk of bradycardia.
Pengaruh Reduksi Fitur Pada Klasifikasi Kanker Paru Menggunakan CNN Dengan Arsitektur GoogLeNet
Authors: Fadilah Siti Nur , Novitasari Dian Candra Rini , Hakim Lutfi 
Published: November 2023

Kanker paru merupakan jenis kanker dengan penyebab kematian terbanyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan jenis kanker paru apakah termasuk kedalam kelas lung adenocarcinoma, benign lung tissue, lung squamous cell carcinoma berdasarkan citra histopatologi menggunakan metode CNN arsitektur GoogLeNet serta reduksi fitur PCA. Evaluasi model yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan confusion matrix. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 15000 data yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelas dengan masing-masing kelas berjumlah 5000 data. Pada penelitian ini parameter uji coba yang digunakan yaitu probabilitas dropout dan jumlah batchsize. Lalu, metode reduksi fitur yang digunakan yaitu PCA. Hasil terbaik yang diperoleh yaitu pada pembagian data 90:10 dengan nilai probabilitas dropout 0.9 dan jumlah batchsize 8 dengan memperoleh nilai akurasi, sensitivitas, spesifitas berturur-turut yaitu 99.95%, 99.97%, dan 99.86% serta membutuhkan waktu training selama 93 menit 27 detik.