bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trilobites of Thailand's Cambrian–Ordovician Tarutao Group and their geological setting
Authors: Wernette Shelly J. , Hughes Nigel C. , Myrow Paul M. , Sardsud Apsorn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTuff‐bearing upper Cambrian to lowermost Ordovician strata on Ko Tarutao island, Satun province, southernmost peninsular Thailand, contain a rich trilobite fauna relevant to global biostratigraphy, peri‐Gondwanan palaeogeography and shifting evolutionary mode. This area of Sibumasu, a lower Palaeozoic marginal Gondwanan terrane, is shown to have been closely associated with Australia, North China (Sino‐Korea) and other continental fragments from the supercontinent's northern equatorial sector, including South China at that time. Shared faunas also suggest a Kazakhstani and Laurentian association. Collections from eight sections yielded 10 newly discovered species and one new genus from ancient shoreface and inner shelf siliciclastic deposits. With the new taxa and revision of taxa known previously, we refine the age of the upper two formations of the Tarutao Group to the middle of Cambrian Stage 10, and lower–middle Tremadocian. Two biozones are erected for Sibumasu: theEosaukia buravasiZone, encompassing all Cambrian sections from Ko Tarutao, and theAsaphellus charoenmitiZone, encompassing the Tremadocian fauna discussed herein. The new genus isTarutaoiaand new species areTsinania sirindhornae,Pseudokoldinioidia maneekuti,Pagodia?uhleini,Asaphellus charoenmiti,Tarutaoia techawani,Jiia talowaois,Caznaia imsamuti,Anderssonella undulata,Lophosaukia nuchanongiandCorbinia perforata. Other taxa reported for the first time from Tarutao areMansuyia? sp.,Parakoldinioidia callosaQian,Pseudagnostussp.,Homagnostussp.,Haniwa mucronataShergold,Haniwa sosanensis? Kobayashi,Lichengia simplexShergold,Pacootasaukiasp.,Wuhuia? sp.,Plethopeltellasp.,Apatokephalussp.,Akoldinioidiasp. 1 andKoldinioidiasp.
Experimental investigation on the seismic behavior of TRAC frame column with RCA treated by the silica fume cement paste
Authors: Zhu Lihua , Wang Yixuan , Li Tong , Wang Haonan , Zhang Fengjian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe physical properties of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) can be strengthened by pre‐soaking them in silica fume cement paste, thereby improving the mechanical properties of recycled concrete. To evaluate whether treated recycled coarse aggregate (TRCA), which is obtained by pre‐soaking in silica fume cement paste, can be applied to structural elements, considering the axial compression ratio and volumetric stirrup ratio, TRCA concrete (TRAC) frame column specimens and natural aggregate concrete (NAC) column specimens were prepared. Subsequently, a cyclic loading test was conducted on the specimens. The failure mode, hysteresis loop, skeleton curve, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of the specimens were analyzed and compared. The results showed that compared with NAC specimens, the bearing capacities of the TRAC specimens were slightly higher. The seismic behavior of the TRAC frame columns achieved performance level similar to that of the NAC structural members at low axial compression ratios. This indicates that the RCA treatment of pre‐soaking in silica fume cement paste is effective, and TRAC can be used as loading‐bearing structural concrete.
Toward a more precise prognostic stratification in acute decompensation of cirrhosis: The Padua model 2.0
Authors: Zanetto Alberto , Pelizzaro Filippo , Mion Monica Maria , Bucci Marco , Ferrarese Alberto , Simioni Paolo , Basso Daniela , Burra Patrizia , Senzolo Marco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical course of acutely decompensated cirrhosis (AD) is heterogeneous. Presepsin (PSP) is a plasmatic biomarker that reflects Toll‐like receptor activity and systemic inflammation. We conducted a prospective study to: (1) measure PSP in AD and (2) assess whether PSP in AD can predict the development of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF).MethodsPatients with AD were prospectively recruited at admission and underwent determination of PSP. In study part 1, we compared PSP in AD versus controls (stable decompensated and compensated cirrhosis). In study part 2, we prospectively followed patients with AD for 1 year and evaluated predictors of ACLF.ResultsOne hundred and seventy three patients with AD were included (median MELD: 18; CLIF‐C AD score: 54). Compared with controls, patients with AD had higher levels of PSP (674 ng/L vs. 310 ng/L vs. 157 ng/L; p < 0.001). In patients with AD, Child–Pugh C and acute kidney injury were associated with higher levels of PSP. During the follow‐up, 52 patients developed ACLF (median time from recruitment: 66 days). PSP, CLIF‐C AD score, and Child–Pugh stage were independently associated with ACLF. A predictive model combining these variables (Padua model 2.0) accurately identified patients at higher risk of ACLF (AUROC 0.864; 95% CI 0.780–0.947; sensitivity 82.9%, specificity 76.7%). In patients at lower risk of ACLF based on a CLIF‐C AD <50, a PSP >674 ng/L could discriminate between two groups at significantly different risk of ACLF. Finally, in patients who did not develop ACLF, baseline PSP was significantly higher in those who progressed toward unstable versus stable decompensated cirrhosis.ConclusionThe Padua model 2.0 can be used to identify patients with AD at high risk of ACLF. If these results are validated by external cohorts, PSP could become a new biomarker to improve risk stratification in AD.
Evaluation of livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the use of veterinary vaccines in Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Robi Dereje Tulu , Bogale Ararsa , Temteme Shiferaw , Aleme Melkam , Urge Beksisa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe utilization of veterinary vaccines plays a vital role in preventing and managing animal diseases. However, the success of vaccination programmes relies on livestock farmers’ understanding, perspectives and behaviours regarding their application. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of livestock farmers in Southwest Ethiopia regarding the use of veterinary vaccines.MethodsThe study followed a cross‐sectional design conducted between October 2021 and October 2022. A sample of 476 livestock‐owning farmers, including those who raise dairy cattle, beef cattle and poultry, were interviewed from the districts of Shei Bench, Semen Bench, Sheko and Yeki.ResultsThe findings revealed that participants from Sheko, who had a poultry farm, were college graduates and resided in an urban area, were more likely to have good knowledge of veterinary vaccines. Similarly, participants who were male, from Semen Bench, had a poultry farm and had a high school education, exhibited a positive attitude towards veterinary vaccines. Furthermore, being male, from Semen Bench, having a poultry farm, and having a high school education were associated with increased veterinary vaccine use.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of addressing gender differences and tailoring interventions based on geography and farming conditions in the area. These measures are crucial to improve practices related to veterinary vaccines for enhanced animal health and productivity. Prioritizing education, veterinary services and information dissemination is vital. However, further research and targeted interventions are needed to better comprehend underlying factors and implement effective strategies for diverse communities in different areas.
A review of the analytical techniques for the detection of anabolic–androgenic steroids within biological matrices
Authors: Harries Richard L. , De Paoli Giorgia , Hall Sarah , Nisbet Lorna A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnabolic–androgenic steroids (AASs) and other image and performance enhancing drugs (IPEDs) are controlled by governments and sport institutions such as the World Anti‐doping Agency (WADA). Although elite athletes and professional bodybuilders are the most visible AAS abusers, the introduction of the internet has increased the accessibility of AASs, with use being observed among recreational gym goers at increasing prevalence. Despite reported increase in use, routine analysis for these substances is uncommon, with many forensic laboratories opting to outsource AAS analysis. This review collates information regarding the extraction and analysis of AASs from various biological matrices with the considered purpose of providing a reference for the development of AAS methods to allow for routine detection by forensic laboratories.This article is categorized under:
Toxicology > in Sport
Toxicology > Analytical
Exploring Vectors
Authors: Purdy A. J. , Brock Ellen , Saah David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, you will learn about features and feature collections and how to use them in conjunction with images and image collections in Earth Engine. Maps are useful for understanding spatial patterns, but scientists often need to extract statistics to answer a question. For example, you may make a false-color composite showing which areas of San Francisco are more “green”—i.e., have more healthy vegetation—than others, but you will likely not be able to directly determine which block in a neighborhood is the most green. This tutorial will demonstrate how to do just that by utilizing vectors.
Advanced Raster Visualization
Authors: Donchyts Gennadii , Baart Fedor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter should help users of Earth Engine to better understand raster data by applying visualization algorithms such as hillshading, hill shadows, and custom colormaps. We will also learn how image collection datasets can be explored by animating them as well as by annotating with text labels, using, e.g., attributes of images or values queried from images.
Urban Environments
Authors: Stuhlmacher Michelle , Goldblatt Ran 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUrbanization has dramatically changed Earth’s surface. This chapter starts with a qualitative look at the impact urban expansion has on the landscape, covering three existing urban classification schemes that have been created by other remote sensing scientists. We look at how these classifications can be used to quantify urban areas, and close with instructions on how to perform per-pixel supervised image classification to map built-up land cover at any location on Earth and at any point in time using Landsat 7 imagery.
Benthic Habitats
Authors: Poursanidis Dimitris , Shapiro Aurélie C. , Christofilakos Spyridon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractShallow-water coastal benthic habitats, which can comprise seagrasses, sandy soft bottoms, and coral reefs are essential ecosystems, supporting fisheries, providing coastal protection, and sequestering ‘blue’ carbon. Multispectral satellite imagery, particularly with blue and green spectral bands, can penetrate clear, shallow water, allowing us to identify what lies on the seafloor.
Conservation I—Assessing the Spatial Relationship Between Burned Area and Precipitation
Authors: Branson Harriet , Smith Chelsea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPractical conservation requires an understanding of key environmental factors such as fire and rainfall, which impact the amount of forage and habitat available for a variety of species. This chapter will guide you through how to create fire and rainfall time series and visualize this data. At the end of this chapter, you will be able to present this information in an accessible way on a graph to help inform conservation management practices such as early burning and supplementary feeding.
The Challenge of Overproduction and Overconsumption
Authors: Wulff Gabriella 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA challenge facing our future society is how to address the excess volumes being produced and consumed, as our current lifestyles are threatening planetary boundaries. The fashion industry is one that has a major impact on the environment. While previous research on the industry has focused on either unsustainable production or consumption, this study demonstrates how overproduction and overconsumption are linked by conceptualising discounting as the missing link. The study clarifies how discounting, on the one hand, is a sign of overproduction and, on the other, how discounting sustains a high degree of consumption inside and outside firms. Using an ethnographic study of the Swedish fashion industry, three types of discounting practices were identified: pre-season, in-season, and end-of-season sales. The reasons for discounting were grouped into four categories: procurement, financial and spatial, market, and design. Most retailers reported discounting as problematic, but difficult to eliminate. Hence, companies have developed strategies for reducing end-of-season sales, for example, optimising the supply chain and stimulating the market, as well as alternative solutions with a more sustainable future consumption at their core. The final discussion revolves around alternative solutions for how to address the issues of overproduction and overconsumption in the future.
The Intersection of Sustainability and Technology in the Context of the Digital Marketplace
Authors: Hassen Hela , Akponah Precious 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we look at individuals’ sharing practices and focus on their experiences concerning food waste and thrifting online via social platforms. We discuss their orientations, desires, and motivations for participating in the circular economy, and in doing so, we explain how consumption choices and lifestyles are powered by consumer commitment to ecological thinking, awareness, and responsibility. We identify what these practices are, explain what fuels them, and discuss how these will be meaningful for the future. This chapter comprises two sections: We first look at sustainable consumption practices today, situating this within the context of three case studies. We cover the interplay between technology and the value of goods, particularly during the pandemic; for example, by looking at the transformation of food ‘waste’, (what should in principle end up in the dumpster, enabling the practice of dumpster diving) and its commodification and exchange in the Too Good To Go market. We also offer some discussion on the qualitative methods employed in collecting the data. Finally, we conclude this chapter with a discussion on the implications of our study findings for future sustainable practices and policies in the digital marketplace of tomorrow’s consumers.
Re-examining the Place of the Physical Store During the Digital Retail Era
Authors: Nilsson Elin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe fundamental role and purpose of retail stores is changing. The growth of e-commerce is forcing physical stores to evolve in order to stay relevant and meet shifting consumer demands. This chapter re-examines the role of physical fashion stores during the digital retail era by outlining these stores’ traditional role, by discussing the role of online stores and by providing a comparison between physical and online stores’ roles vis-à-vis consumers. At the end of the chapter, the consumer view of stores of the future is demonstrated in the results of an exploratory study. The chapter shows that physical stores need to be inspirational, to have knowledgeable staff, and to make sure that consumers get personal service and care when visiting stores. The study has also shown that consumers today value stores of the future having other attributes (e.g. local connections and inspiration) than those previously recognized in research.
Musical Metropolis: Janelle Monáe’s Scalar Agility
Authors: Dodds Phil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractJanelle Monáe—whose output spans the genres of R&B, psychedelic soul, hip-hop and Afrofuturist funk—is a prime example of a musician with scalar agility. Through a range of simple and complex musical techniques in a series of ‘Metropolis’ concept records, she has produced a multi-scalar ‘sonic fiction’. The scalar qualities and relations of this musical world—and her ability to musically subvert, split and reimagine the relationships between scales such as the body, the metropolitan, the global and the universal in tracks such as ‘Dance or Die’ and ‘Cold War’—make her work politically transgressive and capable of unsettling the present scaled reality.
A Postcode-Scale Genre: Grime’s Scale as ‘Level of Resolution’
Authors: Dodds Phil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe popular electronic music genre known as grime is often referred to as intensely ‘local’, even ‘hyperlocal’. Its ‘postcode scale’ is an example of the political deployment of scale, understood as level of resolution. Examples from Wiley, Roll Deep and Dizzee Rascal demonstrate how the genre’s distinctive repetition, rhythmic intensification and staccato rapping style contribute to a modernist, fine-grained, high-resolution postcode scale. Analysis of Nadia Rose’s 2017 track ‘Skwod’ shows that grime tracks also use musical techniques to build a selective, by-no-means-all-inclusive audience, drawing attention to the boundaries of belonging. Grime has also been involved in struggles over definitions of the local, such as when ‘Skwod’ was used by intersectional feminists in place-specific antifascist protests. Overall, the intensely local or postcode-scale aesthetics of grime music are part of a socio-political strategy that draws attention to mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion, potentially remaking the borders of ‘the local’ when the genre’s political potential is heard by particular listeners.
The Cultural Production of Scalability: Music, Colonialism and the Moravian Missionary Project
Authors: Dodds Phil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnalysis of the work of the music historian, composer, editor and Moravian missionary administrator Christian Ignatius Latrobe (1756–1836) enables a better understanding of the role of music in colonial expansion in the first half of the nineteenth century. In London, Latrobe received and circulated accounts of the missions’ supposed success in training disciplined and ‘sweet’ choirs of Christian singers from among formerly ‘heathen’ ‘barbarians’, and these accounts were taken to demonstrate the scalability of the ‘civilisation’ project of European colonialism, which suited both antislavery campaigners and colonial state officials. Latrobe sent standardised Christian hymn books, in English and German but also translated into indigenous languages, to mission stations around the world, from Suriname to Jamaica to Labrador to Greenland to Siberia to South Africa. He also sent musical instruments to accompany the hymn-singing, favouring the organ both aesthetically and for its ability to function in different climates. He also circulated specific instructions for training organists, with firm recommendations for a simple accompaniment style and learning hymns by heart. At the different stations, the policy increasingly became to train local members of the congregation according to Latrobe’s advice, so that the instrument, the canon of tunes and the performance conventions were exported uniformly from Europe, embodied in the organ and the organist. Crucially, this uniform and standardised imposition of music—although always resisted and never fully achieved—required the remaking of the cultural landscapes on which they were to be imposed, including through the violent outlawing of existing musical practices and styles. As such, key periods in the history of large-scale musical colonisation can be better understood when framed in terms of the cultural production of scalability, following Anna Tsing, with empirical attention to the efforts involved in musical scale-building projects that make claims about music’s universal qualities and that seek to propagate a standardised, common music around the world.
Ergebnisse
Authors: Körner Theresa 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Folgenden werden die Ergebnisse der Focus Groups dargestellt. Dazu wird zunächst ein zusammenfassender Überblick über die jeweiligen Focus Groups und ihre Teilnehmenden vermittelt. Danach wird das jeweilige Verständnis der Lesenden von interpersonalem Vertrauen und Vertrauen in Journalismus als Grundlage dieser Arbeit thematisiert. Anschließend folgen die Erläuterungen zur Wahrnehmung des automatisierten Journalismus und die Darstellung der positiven und negativen Erwartungen an Veränderungen im Journalismus. Zudem werden Forderungen der Lesenden an den Technologieeinsatz im Journalismus diskutiert. Weiterhin werden die Aufarbeitung der Vertrauensbewertung der Lesenden zum aktuellen Einsatz der automatisierten Berichterstattung, die Darstellung der Vertrauensurteile und wesentlicher Einflussfaktoren auf die Bewertungen erläutert. Abschließend werden – den Forschungsfragen folgend – ausgewählte Merkmale hinsichtlich ihres Einflusses auf die Vertrauensbewertung des automatisierten Journalismus thematisiert: solche der Personen, des automatisierten Journalismus, der Texte und der Publikation sowie weitere explorativ generierte Merkmale.
Fazit
Authors: Körner Theresa 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Fazit werden die Studienergebnisse zusammengefasst und die Forschungsfragen beantwortet. Zudem werden die Ergebnisse eingeordnet und einer kritischen Reflexion hinsichtlich der Limitationen der Arbeit unterzogen. Abschließend erfolgen ein Ausblick zur weiteren Forschung und die Darstellung konkreter Handlungsempfehlungen für Medienorganisationen, Journalist:innen und die Zivilgesellschaft.
Feynman–Kac Formula and Asymptotic Behavior of the Minimal Energy for the Relativistic Nelson Model in Two Spatial Dimensions
Authors: Hinrichs Benjamin , Matte Oliver 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider the renormalized relativistic Nelson model in two spatial dimensions for a finite number of spinless, relativistic quantum mechanical matter particles in interaction with a massive scalar quantized radiation field. We find a Feynman–Kac formula for the corresponding semigroup and discuss some implications such as ergodicity and weighted $$L^p$$

L
p

to $$L^q$$

L
q

bounds, for external potentials that are Kato decomposable in the suitable relativistic sense. Furthermore, our analysis entails upper and lower bounds on the minimal energy for all values of the involved physical parameters when the Pauli principle for the matter particles is ignored. In the translation invariant case (no external potential), these bounds permit to compute the leading asymptotics of the minimal energy in the three regimes where the number of matter particles goes to infinity, the coupling constant for the matter–radiation interaction goes to infinity and the boson mass goes to zero.