bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ritualized Learning and Endangered Languages
Authors: Siewert Morgan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter looks at heritage language-learning practices as ritualized language in an Anishinaabe community, and the potential this approach holds for language revitalization in Native American communities. It argues that linguistic disjunctures produced through interactions between generational categories and linguistic repertoires can help participants locate new solutions to common obstacles in intergenerational language transmission. To illustrate a potential solution, this chapter looks at how memorized and scripted performances are utilized in the teaching and learning of Anishinaabemowin, also called Ojibwe, in a generationally mixed performance and teaching context.
Ritual Language and Sacred Labor in Greater Mexico
Authors: Scheper Hughes Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The language of labor, work, burden, and effort has oriented and anchored Indigenous religious practice in Mexico prior to Spanish invasion, in colonial times, and into the present. In the long twentieth century, anthropologists and ethnohistorians encompassed this cultural complex of ideas, activities, and social structures within the rubric of the cargo system. Reflecting on the cargo not as a system, but as a religious and ritual language, a sacred semantics, allows for a more expansive, phenomenological interpretation making visible the presence of Mesoamerican worldviews not in the structure of the cargo as a ladder of influence, but rather in deeply rooted, closely held ideas of sacred collective labor that the vocabulary of cargo evokes and preserves. Here, I draw a correlation between the Nahuatl language of tequitl, the shared burdens that human beings take up to care for each other and for the sacred, and the nineteenth- and twentieth-century language of cargo.
Recipe Books
Authors: Power Henry 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The surge of interest in recipe books is often attributed to the mid-eighteenth century, but there was from the Restoration period a massive increase in the number of recipe books published—and a fundamental shift in the nature of those books. These books show, perhaps more clearly than any other literary form, a culture on the cusp between manuscript and print. The reader of the printed volume is invited to look in on a private circle in which receipts circulate in manuscript; recipe books were often presented as a ‘Closet Open’d’ and crammed with authenticating personal details. Recipe books engage with cultural politics, and especially the relationship between England and the continent; the period 1640–1714 sees the emergence of two distinct types of recipe book, one (usually written by men) offering recipes in the French courtly style and another (usually written by women) reflecting practice in English households. They also reflect larger political conflicts: recipe books published during the civil wars and their aftermath insist on parallels between prudent domestic management and the orderly stewardship of the nation. Finally, their easily identifiable generic conventions make recipe books ripe for parody; the period abounds in satirical recipes, a few of which are discussed in the final section of this chapter.
Biography and Autobiography
Authors: Eckerle Julie A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As biographical and autobiographical prose developed over the course of the seventeenth century, it became less about exemplarity—the traditional motive and theme associated with these genres—and more about defending or justifying a life. This chapter first surveys the primary categories of biographical and autobiographical prose (profession-based memoir, the funeral-sermon biography, prison narrative, family memoir, occasional meditations, etc.) produced in England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1640–1714 and then focuses on a few key examples that best demonstrate some of the broader trends. The chapter highlights key shared features of these texts, including numerous rhetorical techniques, a tendency toward genetic hybridity, and—perhaps most importantly—the urgent and often-didactic tone required of the tumultuous period in which the life-writers lived that best allow us to understand the important work that seventeenth-century autobiography and biography performed.
Sidney’s Life
Authors: Brennan Michael G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Philip Sidney took great pride in his Sidney and Dudley family ancestry, especially the royal service of his grandfather Sir William Sidney, his father Sir Henry Sidney, and his Dudley uncles, the earls of Leicester and Warwick. This chapter details the key facts of his life, including his childhood at Penshurst, education at Shrewsbury School and University of Oxford, and his literary friendships and extensive patronage. His court career began with great expectations as the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth’s Lord Deputy of Ireland and President of Wales, leading to an extended tour of European courts, diverse intellectual friendships, and diplomatic duties. Sidney involved himself in court politics, New World exploration, and the ill-fated Low Countries campaign where he was mortally wounded in 1586. The posthumous publication of many of his writings during the 1590s confirmed his reputation as one of the most important literary figures of the late Elizabethan period.
Pastoral
Authors: Borris Kenneth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Most of Sidney’s major fictions draw much from the genealogies, themes, conventions, and functions of early modern literary pastoral, yet reconfigure this form and its possibilities in profoundly resourceful ways. Sidney’s pastoral creations reassess love, moral philosophy, poetics, politics, civic responsibility, the attainment of happiness, and accordance with nature, as well as the norms of class, gender, and sex. As was typical of sixteenth-century humanist pastoralism, appearances of rather naïve rusticity thus come to express relatively cultured and erudite agendas, often in ways involving allegory. Besides writing an innovative set of eclogues for his Old Arcadia, Sidney combined pastoral modally with other genres in his Lady of May and Arcadias to produce novel generic mixtures involving dramatic forms, courtly entertainments, narrative prose romance, and even the heroic poem. This literary form was a fundamental means of Sidneian creativity, representation, and exploratory thought.
Romance
Authors: Werth Tiffany Jo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sidney’s New Arcadia is a notoriously hybrid literary experiment in form and genre. Existing in both manuscript and print, in finished and unfinished versions, it is shaped by Sidney’s own and posthumous hands. The prose tales of two disguised princes, fast friends, in love with two forbidden princesses, conform to, but also flout, the romance tradition of medieval and Renaissance Europe. The New Arcadia’s romance roots also reach back to the ancient and classical Hellenic romances of Greece and the Mediterranean world, but its narratives dwell in the pastoral, shadow epic, and anticipate the modern novel. The New Arcadia reflects Sidney’s absorption and reflection of the ‘strategies’ (Barbara Fuchs), ‘memes’ (Helen Cooper), and mode (Northrop Frye) of a capacious, but also ‘wandering’ (Patricia Parker) literary form. The literary form of romance has long been recognised to function in idealised and symbolic ways, but it also engages in a nascent colonial imagination, in emergent practices of agricultural stewardship, and foregrounds the plight of human vulnerability in unfamiliar, and frequently threatening, territories. Fluctuating between the demands of a fertile rhetorical copia and pastoral geography and the imperative violence of linear narrative, Sidney’s New Arcadia models a mixed or hybrid mode of worlding, or world-making.
Fiction
Authors: McEleney Corey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter revisits Philip Sidney’s idealist theory of fiction from a more presentist perspective than is typically the case in Sidney studies, which tends to take a more historicist approach to the topic. Considering the aesthetic idealism of the Renaissance, as expressed in Sidney’s Defence of Poesy, in relation to the current renaissance of aesthetic idealism in literary and cultural studies, it demonstrates how such idealism is necessarily qualified by the unpredictability of reader reception. More generally, the chapter examines how the unresolved questions that the Defence raises regarding fictionality, idealism, and ideology have received an urgent, potent jolt of electricity in the context of what has been dubbed our ‘post-truth’—and, at least within the academic humanities, our ‘post-critique’—moment.
Sidney and Music
Authors: Zarnowiecki Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This essay reviews a set of interlocking subjects concerning Philip Sidney and music. First, it assesses the practical question of what direct musical experience Sidney had, either as participant, auditor, or student. Sidney’s life records, practical and theoretical musical compendiums, and courtly conduct books all inform this section. Next, it examines Sidney’s musical milieu, including major theoretical and practical musical developments in secular and sacred music, in order to address how Sidney understood the relationship of poetry to music and how he may have differentiated between consort music, polyvocal song, and solo music. Macrocosmic theory of speculative music, poetic metrical experimentations, and debates about the centrality of text or music all appear in this section. Finally, it provides an overview of music in Sidney’s major works, including Certain Sonnets, Astrophil and Stella, and the Arcadia. It concludes with an assessment of the musicality of Sidney’s poetry, broadly conceived.
Sidney and Architecture
Authors: Myers Anne M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Late-sixteenth-century England lacked a clear definition of architecture as either a profession or a field of study. Some modern scholars have lamented this absence, characterising it as a sign of unsophisticated and under-theorised aesthetic sensibilities. In the New Arcadia, however, Philip Sidney shows how the incipient nature of architecture as a concept, along with a lack of rigid architectural standards and theories, allowed him to implicate buildings in complex and varied systems of perception, interpretation, and meaning. This chapter examines two famous examples of Sidney’s literary architecture: Kalander’s house and the star-shaped lodges of Basilius, to argue that by invoking different sources and incongruous modes of description and perception, Sidney uses buildings to enhance the New Arcadia’s themes of epistemological crisis, opacity, interpretation, misunderstanding, and the absence or deferral of definite knowledge.
The Lady of May and The Four Foster Children of Desire
Authors: Crowley Timothy D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter reassesses critical interpretations of two royal entertainments involving Philip Sidney: a privately performed rustic comedy which he authored, The Lady of May, performed at his uncle Robert Dudley’s estate in Wanstead, Essex, in 1578; and an internationally public chivalric pageant in which he participated, The Four Foster Children of Desire, or Fortress of Perfect Beauty, performed at court in 1581. Both events featured Queen Elizabeth I directly in their dramatic action. This comparison of artistic designs and reconsideration of underlying motives emphasises that the theatrical deference both works show to the queen’s decision-making dramatised and affirmed her royal prerogative in matters of foreign policy.
Citizenship Categories and Their Legacies in Dutch Postcolonial Politics
Authors: Lauret Lauren , Fatah-Black Karwan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Citizenship arrangements in the Dutch empire were purposefully unequal and these inequalities were not resolved after the formal end of the empire and its imperial citizenship arrangements. Politicians and policymakers discussed various options for how to emancipate colonial subjects according to European norms of political participation, but without granting them full citizenship. This chapter contains an overview of why politicians in the past opted for this course of action, which will help to explain the current friction between the Dutch government and citizens with ties to former colonies. Research on (post)colonial citizenship is an interdisciplinary effort, requiring scholars to rethink the boundaries of the categories they work with, such as ‘citizenship’, ‘nationality’, ‘sovereignty’, and ‘law’. Broadening one’s understanding of what citizenship has meant in relation to the former Dutch colonies enables scholars not just to uncover formal inequalities, but also to explain why they came into being, how they operated, and what their legacies are.
The Evolution of Populism in Dutch Politics
Authors: de Jonge Léonie , Rooduijn Matthijs , Zaslove Andrej 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter traces the rise and evolution of populism and populism research in the Netherlands by taking stock of key developments in the field. In a nutshell, the authors argue that while populism does not have deep, historical roots in the Netherlands, it is now deeply rooted in the Dutch political landscape. Specifically, they show that the trajectory of populism in the Netherlands has followed a unique path, characterized by its late rise and subsequent firm integration into the partisan arena. The chapter first discusses the concept of populism and outlines how the phenomenon has manifested itself in the Dutch political landscape. It then traces the evolution of Dutch populism over time. Drawing on different strands of research, it provides an overview of the burgeoning existing literature on the topic. The final section discusses avenues for future research in an increasingly saturated field by paying particular attention to the breakthrough of the Farmer–Citizen Movement.
The Ever-Changing and Ever-Stable Dutch Party System
Authors: Otjes Simon , de Lange Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since the early 1990s, the Dutch party system has shown signs of both continuity and change. The effective number of parties has risen to a historic high, as has the level of volatility. New political parties have entered parliament and support for traditional parties has declined. Moreover, new coalition formulae have been explored. However, the spatial structure of the party system has been two-dimensional since the early 1990s, with parties taking up relatively stable positions in the political space. Moreover, despite experiments with new government formulae, the most important feature of the Dutch party system remains the partial alternation in office. It is therefore difficult to argue that genuine party system change has taken place in the Netherlands.
Descriptive Representation of Marginalized Groups in Dutch Politics
Authors: Mügge Liza , Runderkamp Zahra , Spierings Niels 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As in many countries around the world, Dutch politics historically has been dominated by White abled heterosexual men. How have groups that do not fit this norm—women, citizens with a ‘migration background’, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans (LGBT) citizens, and disabled citizens—been descriptively represented and how has this developed over time? What explains variation among the political representation of these various groups in the Netherlands? Our findings demonstrate that the groups under study are still systematically underrepresented, but some more than others. Despite progress in the last decade, there are significant differences between political parties and levels. Based on available data, representation at the national level is most diverse, while the local and provincial are less so. While data on the representation of women are relatively well collected, systematic data on other groups are lacking. More research and open-access data collection are needed to study how macro-, meso- and micro-level dynamics play out in the recruitment, election, and dropout of historically marginalized groups, and how this differs intersectionally.
The Role of (New) Media in the Dutch Political Landscape
Authors: Vliegenthart Rens , Kruikemeier Sanne , Aaldering Loes 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, the central question is how politicians make strategic use of the opportunities (social) media offer them and the ways they use those opportunities in the Dutch context. First, the authors sketch the changing role of media in the political realm, arguing that they are able to play a pivotal role and affect politicians’ communication efforts in multiple ways. Secondly, they focus on the media’s agenda-setting power and the way politicians and parties adjust their behaviour and functioning to ensure (favourable) media coverage. Thirdly, examining the changing media landscape and the rise of social media, they argue that politicians have several strategies at their disposal to make use of the opportunities social media offer—that is, personalization, interactivity, interconnectedness, targeted communication, conflictual communication, and humorous communication. They discuss their prevalence and potential effects.
Interest Group Politics in the Netherlands
Authors: Aizenberg Ellis , Braun Caelesta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Interest organizations are an essential part of contemporary democracies. They give voice to a wide variety of interests within society and relate these interests to policymaking. However, the role of interest organizations has been and still is often considered as both a blessing and a curse for democracy. This is no different for the Netherlands, where the Polder model has been regarded as both a hallmark and fiasco of interest representation. This chapter analyses the evolving nature of Dutch interest representation, applying a conceptual framework that segments the process of interest representation into interest mobilization, the impact of interest communities and organizational environment, lobby strategies, and political and policy influence. Key features of Dutch interest representation are identified: a close bond between government and a few selected interest organizations; closed networks of societal and political elites; and the disruptive and innovative potential of new modes of interest mobilization.
Labour Market Policy and Industrial Relations in the Netherlands
Authors: de Beer Paul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the origin and the history of labour market policies and industrial relations, and shows that there have been profound, but not very consistent changes in labour market policies and industrial relations. It discusses how Dutch policies—and the changes made to them over time—compare internationally, how the Dutch system has always been difficult to categorize, and how the once relatively clear differences between labour market regimes have narrowed over time. It also demonstrates that there is little convincing evidence for the impact of these policies on labour market performance. It concludes by offering some challenges for the study of Dutch labour market policies and industrial relations in the future.
The Precarious Politics of Dutch Immigration and Immigrant Policy
Authors: Scholten Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Migration and immigrant policies have become focal points in the broader transformation of Dutch politics over the last 50 years. Due to social, cultural, and economic developments within the Netherlands, but also due to the changing relations between the Netherlands and the rest of Europe and the world, migration and immigrant inclusion emerged at the very heart of Dutch politics and policymaking. The Netherlands transformed from an open and multiculturalist country into a country with a restrictive approach to immigration and a strong focus on ‘integration’. Immigration and policies towards immigrants also provided levers for the rise of populism in the post-2001 Dutch political arena. Today, migration and immigrant policies continue to challenge Dutch political actors to come to terms with societal complexity and face the limits of societal engineering in a policy domain where the influence of a small country on the global dynamics of migration is limited and Dutch policy is firmly anchored into European and global treaties.
The Politics of Innovation Policy in the Netherlands
Authors: van Est Rinie , Deuten Jasper 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Innovation policy in a broad sense—all policies that affect socio-technical innovation—engages a broad range of actors, including companies, universities, research institutes, citizens, societal organizations, and governmental organizations, often interlinked in innovation networks or (eco)systems, and may target both the supply and demand side of innovations. Entering Dutch institutional jargon in the early 1970s, ‘innovation policy’ was in effect an amalgam of various policies, including industry policy, science policy, technology policy, and policies in the fields of education and communication. This chapter distinguishes and discusses four main threads in this complex field: (1) economy-focused innovation policy; (2) society-focused innovation policy; (3) policy for democratization of innovation; (4) policy for regulation and institutionalization of innovation. Much of innovation policy research focuses on techno-economic ‘push’ objectives and instruments. This chapter analyses the evolution of Dutch innovation policies from a political perspective instead, emphasizing the social context and wider impacts of the range of programmes and schemes that make up innovation policy.
A cross-sectional survey on the sexual health status of Chinese men in Guinea
Authors: Lin Yun-hua , Song Xian-tao , Wang Jun-sheng , Zhang Ning 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Sexual health among Chinese men living and working in Guinea has not been adequately studied.

Aim
To assess sexual health issues and related factors among Chinese men in Guinea.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire, with 258 Chinese male respondents living and working in Guinea. The survey collected data on demographics, lifestyle habits, sexual activity, condom use, and knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

Outcomes
The primary outcomes included levels of sexual activity, condom use, and STD awareness.

Results
Of the respondents, 89.1% reported sexual needs, but only 11.6% were sexually active during their stay. Younger age, urban residence, and non-smoking were positively associated with sexual activity. Among those who were sexually active, 80% had multiple sexual partners, and 60% consistently used condoms, while 13.3% never used them. Condom use was found to be lower among older, married, and less educated individuals. Awareness of STDs was generally low, with an average score of 8.03 out of 12. Younger respondents, those with higher education, those who were sexually active and those who considered themselves familiar with STD knowledge had a relatively higher level of awareness. Most respondents (93%) believed that promoting sexual health education is necessary.

Clinical Implications
Findings suggest a need for targeted sexual health education and intervention programs, especially among high-risk groups.

Strengths & Limitations
The study provides valuable data on a previously unexamined population; however, its cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reported data may limit the ability to establish causal relationships.

Conclusion
The study highlights unmet sexual health needs and knowledge gaps among Chinese men in Guinea, suggesting the importance of health education and preventive measures in this population.