bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Optimal Dose Selection in Early Phase Cancer Trials
Authors: Byrom Bill , Everhart Anthony , Cordero Paul , Garratt Chris , Meyer Tim 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While patient-reported outcome measures are regularly incorporated into phase 3 clinical trials, they have been infrequently used in early phase trials. However, the patient’s perspective is vital to fully understanding dose toxicity and selecting an optimal dose. This viewpoint paper reviews the rationale for and practical approach to collecting patient-reported outcome data in early phase oncology drug development and the rationale for electronic collection.
Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy of Lung Nodules in Chest Computed Tomography Using Artificial Intelligence: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Liu Weiqi , Wu You , Zheng Zhuozhao , Bittle Mark , Yu Wei , Kharrazi Hadi 
Published: January 2025

Background
Uncertainty in the diagnosis of lung nodules is a challenge for both patients and physicians. Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly being integrated into medical imaging to assist diagnostic procedures. However, the accuracy of AI systems in identifying and measuring lung nodules on chest computed tomography (CT) scans remains unclear, which requires further evaluation.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an AI-assisted diagnostic system on the diagnostic efficiency of radiologists. It specifically examined the report modification rates and missed and misdiagnosed rates of junior radiologists with and without AI assistance.

Methods
We obtained effective data from 12,889 patients in 2 tertiary hospitals in Beijing before and after the implementation of the AI system, covering the period from April 2018 to March 2022. Diagnostic reports written by both junior and senior radiologists were included in each case. Using reports by senior radiologists as a reference, we compared the modification rates of reports written by junior radiologists with and without AI assistance. We further evaluated alterations in lung nodule detection capability over 3 years after the integration of the AI system. Evaluation metrics of this study include lung nodule detection rate, accuracy, false negative rate, false positive rate, and positive predictive value. The statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and chi-square, Cochran-Armitage, and Mann-Kendall tests.

Results
The AI system was implemented in Beijing Anzhen Hospital (Hospital A) in January 2019 and Tsinghua Changgung Hospital (Hospital C) in June 2021. The modification rate of diagnostic reports in the detection of lung nodules increased from 4.73% to 7.23% (χ21=12.15; P<.001) at Hospital A. In terms of lung nodule detection rates postimplementation, Hospital C increased from 46.19% to 53.45% (χ21=25.48; P<.001) and Hospital A increased from 39.29% to 55.22% (χ21=122.55; P<.001). At Hospital A, the false negative rate decreased from 8.4% to 5.16% (χ21=9.85; P=.002), while the false positive rate increased from 2.36% to 9.77% (χ21=53.48; P<.001). The detection accuracy demonstrated a decrease from 93.33% to 92.23% for Hospital A and from 95.27% to 92.77% for Hospital C. Regarding the changes in lung nodule detection capability over a 3-year period following the integration of the AI system, the detection rates for lung nodules exhibited a modest increase from 54.6% to 55.84%, while the overall accuracy demonstrated a slight improvement from 92.79% to 93.92%.

Conclusions
The AI system enhanced lung nodule detection, offering the possibility of earlier disease identification and timely intervention. Nevertheless, the initial reduction in accuracy underscores the need for standardized diagnostic criteria and comprehensive training for radiologists to maximize the effectiveness of AI-enabled diagnostic systems.
Léon Péan de Saint-Gilles
Authors: Wisniak Jaime 
Published: January 2025

Léon Péan de Saint-Gilles (1832-1863) was a French chemist, without a formal education, who studied the allotropy of sulfur and the properties and reactions of the different species, the oxidizing properties of potassium permanganate, the oxidation of copper under the simultaneous influence of air and ammonia, and the action of cyanogen on acetaldehyde. With Marcellin Berthelot they determined the basic rules of the esterification of an acid by an alcohol in its many routes.
Reveling the Interrelationship of Digital Transformation and Business Intelligence Techniques to Boost Human Capital Development
Authors: Alawneh Osama Mousa , Tawalbeh Jawad , AlOqaily Ahmed Nader 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines the impact of business intelligence techniques (BITs) on human capital development (HCD) within the Jordanian Securities Commission, with digital transformation explored as a mediating factor. A survey was conducted with a sample of 153 participants from various departments, and the data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS to validate the research model. The findings indicate that business intelligence techniques serve as a critical enabler for enhancing employee knowledge-sharing and informed decision-making, which are essential for improved individual and organizational performance. Furthermore, digital transformation was found to strengthen the relationship between BITs and HCD by improving processes such as data collection, analysis, and decision-making. The study underscores the importance of aligning technological tools with human resource capabilities to adapt to technological changes and enhance organizational effectiveness. It also highlights the practical challenges organizations face in fully leveraging BITs and digital transformation for human capital development.
The Impact of Digital Entrepreneurial Competencies, Digital Literacy and Government Support on Digital Entrepreneurship Using Regression Analysis
Authors: Mohamad Zaleha , Alim Nurul Shahirah Syazwani Mohd , Rashid Noorhaslinda Kulub Abd. , Hassim Nur Hanun Che , Anang Zuraini , Abdullah Syahida , Nasir Aslina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Digital entrepreneurship in rural Malaysia is limited, with small businesses struggling to use digital tools and develop entrepreneurial skills. This study explores the impact of digital literacy, entrepreneurial skills, and government support on small businesses, areas that have not been fully studied. It also looks at the role of youth in Terengganu in promoting digital entrepreneurship, in line with Malaysia’s National Entrepreneurship Policy. The study found that digital literacy and entrepreneurial competencies explain 37.3% of digital entrepreneurship, with government support and interaction effects increasing this effect by an additional 5%. Digital literacy and entrepreneurial competencies significantly impact digital entrepreneurship, with entrepreneurial competencies having a stronger influence. Government support does not impact digital entrepreneurship, but combining digital literacy with government support does. In rural areas, limited resources and knowledge may reduce the effectiveness of government aid. The government should prioritize training programs, like workshops and mentorships, to improve digital skills and business capabilities, in collaboration with academic institutions. This strategy would assist business owners in acquiring the useful abilities required for success in the digital economy. It highlights the importance of continuous learning and offers key insights for educators and policymakers to foster skills.
Third-order strong differential subordinations involving fractional integral of confluent (Kummer) and Gaussian hypergeometric functions
Authors: Preluca Lavinia Florina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For the study presented in this paper, the concepts specific to strong differential subordination theory, introduced for the second-order differential subordination case, are extended for the third-order differential subordination case. The general results presented in the first theorem proved in this investigation are applied considering the prolific operators recently introduced as the fractional integral of confluent (Kummer) hypergeometric function and as the fractional integral of Gaussian hypergeometric function, respectively, adapted considering the extra parameter imposed by the strong differential subordination theory and new third-order differential subordinations are investigated. Simple examples are also constructed but it is hoped that the results given here would inspire future similar studies for applying the new third-order strong differential subordination results using other known operators adapted in order to fit this new context.
Mixed harmonic directional variational inequalities
Authors: Noor Muhammad Aslam , Noor Khalida Inayat , Kankam Kunrada 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce and investigate some new classes of mixed harmonic directional variational inequalities. Several important new problems are obtained as special cases. The auxiliary principle technique is applied to suggest and analyze some hybrid inertial iterative methods for solving the mixed harmonic directional variational inequality. The convergence analysis of these iterative methods is also considered under some mild conditions. Some special cases are also pointed out. Results proved in this paper can be viewed as a significant refinement and improvement of the known results.
Toxicity study of graphene-coated Poly(methyl methacrylate) membranes on the brain cortex of rats
Authors: Tsianaka Eleni , Sereti Evangelia , Papacharalambous Constantina , Ioannou Maria , Pitsikas Nikolaos , Dimoulas Athanasios , Sakellaridis Nikos , Fountas Kostas , Dimas Konstantinos 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Graphene is a material, which has attracted great attention of the scientific community in several fields of biomedicine, neurosciences being one of the fields holding great interest for the application of graphene-based materials and devices. Our study aimed to determine the in vivo brain tissue reaction and to study the possible impairment of memory in a long-term Graphene exposure. Towards this aim we tested the toxicity of graphene membrane in the form of few layers (few layers graphene, FLG) implanted on the frontal brain cortex of adult Wistar rats after careful durotomy. The results from this study advance our knowledge on graphene in vivo toxicity in CNS and suggest that the application of FLG as a patch on the brain cortex seems to be quite safe under the experimental conditions tested, herein as no change in locomotor activity of the rats or major histopathological reactions of the brain to the material were observed.
Do the somatic parametres in slovak newborn on the 1st day of life overlap the Fenton curve?
Authors: Brucknerová Jana , Lauková Lucia , Trnka Michal , Brucknerová Ingrid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gestational age, birth weight and birth length are basic somatic characteristics of each newborn. To compare the obtained data with the weight and growth curves according to Fenton 2013 (Fenton, 2013) and to analyze the occurrence of some risk factors (nicotinism, hypertension, gestational diabetes and diabetes mellitus) in mothers. The monitored group of newborns consisted of 2331 newborns admitted to the Neonatal Department of Intensive Medicine in 2012-2016 (n=2331). The number of premature newborns was 1061 and term newborns were 1270 (mean birth weight: boys – 2645.2 g, girls – 2443.79g; average birth length: boys – 45.82 cm, girls – 44.71 cm; spontaneous delivery: 1282 newborns, delivery of caesarean section: 1049 newborns). We found that both graphical representations overlap each other. We did not notice significant differences in the values of the monitored parameters. In our group of prenatally hypertrophic newborns above 97th percentile in 72 newborns were confirmed 8 cases of diabetes mellitus or gestational diabetes in the mother. In the analysis of the prenatal hypotrophic newborns below the 3rd percentile we found 71 hypotrophic newborns (6 cases with severe hypertension, 7 cases with multifetal pregnancy, 3 mothers during pregnancy smoked more than 20 cigarettes daily). The obtained result is based on the fact that data from the European population of newborns were also the basis for drawing up the Fenton graphs. We have confirmed the difference in birth weight and gender.
Effect of melatonin on reproductive indices in untreated females following mating with F1 male Wistar rats exposed in utero and via lactation to mixture of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin
Authors: Shittu Muftau , Ambali Suleiman Folorunsho , Ayo Joseph Olusegun , Kawu Mohammed Umaru 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The study investigated effect of melatonin (MEL) on reproductive indices in untreated females mated with F1 male rats exposed in utero and via lactation to mixture of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and cypermethrin (CYP), and in the resulting F2 male rats. Sixty pregnant dams obtained via overnight mating of 72 nulliparous females with sexually mature males in a 1:1 mating scheme were divided into 6 groups of 10 animals each. Groups I (DW), II (S/oil) and III (MEL) were given distilled water (2 ml/kg), Soya oil (2 ml/kg) and melatonin (0.5 mg/kg) only, respectively, while group IV (CC) was co-administered with CPF (1.9 mg/kg) and CYP (7.5 mg/kg). Group V (MCC) was pretreated with MEL (0.5 mg/kg) and then co-exposed to CPF (1.9 mg/kg) and CYP (7.5 mg/kg), 30 minutes later. Group VI (CCM) was co-exposed to CPF (1.9 mg/kg) and CYP (7.5 mg/kg) and then treated with MEL (0.5 mg/kg) 30 minutes later. The regimens were administered by gavage once daily from gestation day 1 to postnatal day (PND) 21. The dams were allowed to deliver normally and the males F1 generation obtained from them was allowed to mate nulliparous females at PND 80 overnight in a ratio of 1:1 and some reproductive indices were thereafter evaluated. The mated females were evaluated for mating index, fertility index, gestation index and gestational length, while the resulting F2 male rats were evaluated for live birth index, viability index and sex ratio. The results revealed decreased mean gestational length, viability index and sex ratio in the CC group (p<0.05) relative to that of the other groups. Although not significant (p>0.05), the mating, gestation (pregnancy), fertility and live birth indices in the CC group were relatively lower when compared to that of other treated groups. In conclusion, alterations of reproductive indices from mating of nulliparous females with F1 male rats exposed in utero and via lactation to mixture of CPF and CYP were mitigated by melatonin.
Direct measurement of the tissue oxygenation in a newborn – new clinical applications
Authors: Doboš Dušan , Dolníková Dana , Letenayová Ivana , Mičevová Jana , Brucknerová Jana , Cinková Nikola , Brucknerová Ingrid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Oxygen is a substance needed for aerobic metabolism. The process of ischemia and reperfusion are responsible for local changes in oxygen concentrations. Both subnormal and supranormal tissue oxygenations are dangerous. Monitoring of end-organ perfusion and oxygenation is essential for patients in the intensive care unit. Knowledge of the balance between supply and consumption of oxygen in the target organ tissue is necessary. An alternative possibility of measuring tissue oxygenation is near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) based on tissue transparency to the near infrared spectrum (NIR, wavelength 700–1000 nm), and its absorption by the relevant chromophores (oxy and deoxyhaemoglobin). The authors summarize current knowledge and practical experiences of neonatologists using NIRS in various indications – from the evaluation of immediate postpartum adaptation to its application as a part of intensive monitoring of critically ill newborns. NIRS directly and non-invasively measures the total light signal from microcirculation (from venous, arterial and capillary nets). NIRS is a modern non-invasive, continuous, real-time and bed-side monitoring of tissue oxygenation and in the future could be part of multimodal patient monitoring.
Augmentation of lipid peroxidation and tissue injuries in rats exposed by sub-acute inhalation to nano-silver particles containing tween-20
Authors: Karimifar Haddis , Allameh Mina , Soleimanian Arsalan , Zeyni-Esfahani Asghar , Allameh Abdolamir 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Nanosilver particles (NSPs) used by customers may contain detergents/solvents. However, in most of the toxicological studies, nanosilvers are prepared in water and very little is known about the interaction of these agents with NSPs in causing adverse effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of NSPs and tween-20 in causing tissue injuries after inhalation. In this experiment, 16 rats were divided into four groups (n=4/group) as follows. Controls, exposed to water vapors; Tween-treated exposed to tween-20 alone (0.01% V/V); NSP-tween group exposed to 1000 ppm containing tween-20; Group treated with 1000 ppm of NSP alone. Whole-body exposure technique was performed in an exposure chamber for 16 hours (4 hours/day for 4 days). At the end of exposure, blood, liver and lungs were collected and processed for histopathological analysis. Serum glucose, total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were compared between experimental groups. The results showed no significant changes in serum ALT, AST, glucose, and albumin in rats exposed to either NSP or NSP suspended in tween-20. Whereas, lipid peroxidation in liver and lungs in rats exposed to NSPs prepared in tween-20 was elevated by 50 and 95% respectively compared to their controls (p<0.05). The interaction of tween-20 and Ag-NSP was further confirmed by observing tissue damage (histology) in tissues. In conclusion, data show that exposure to NSPs prepared in water is associated with negligible toxicity in rats. However, the toxicity of NSPs is potentiated if prepared in tween-20. It appears that Tween-20 can increase the absorption of NSPs and enhance lipid peroxidation in cellular and subcellular membranes leading to liver damage.
Manufacturability and Performance Study of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Air-to-Air Heat Exchanger
Authors: Kancs A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The study tests 3D printability, heat transfer characteristics and pressure drop of two types of triply periodic minimal surface heat exchanger in order to develop new flow principles for compact heat exchanger design. Various generic plate heat exchanger designs are also tested to compare to the printed alternatives. Geometry variations for heat exchangers and laboratory testing air recuperators are modelled in SolidWorks software and manufactured mostly by UV LCD and FDM additive manufacturing methods.
Digital light processing printing method has been found to be most successful in printing the TPMS structures, while using photopolymer materials. Literature studies conclude that the most promising structures are Schoen’s gyroid and Schwarz-diamond surfaces, which have been modelled and tested in several variations. Using these results, full size gyroid and Schwarz-D structure heat exchangers have been modelled, manufactured and tested. The results are compared and analysed to study the effect of advanced surface designs in heat transfer efficiency.
The obtained results can be used in compact air-to-air thermal recuperator development as well as other low pressure heat exchanger applications, as the printed TPME heat exchangers outperform the plate heat exchangers in similar dimensions.
Groundwater Quality in The Region That Hosted the Largest Open Dump in Latin America: Ten Years of Analysis
Authors: Martins Ana Carolina Silva , Andrade Flávia Reis De , Muniz Daphne Heloisa De Freitas , Oliveira-Filho Eduardo Cyrino , Obara Marcos Takashi , Carneiro Gustavo Antonio , Maciel Alana Coelho , Cruvinel Vanessa Resende Nogueira 
Published: January 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the quality of groundwater in the Estrutural Administrative Region, located in the Central region of the Federal District, Brazil, before and after the closure of the largest open-air landfill in Latin America.

Theoretical Framework: Brazilian legislation, Ordinance 888 of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, and CONAMA resolution 396 are highlighted for comparison with the findings of the study, providing a solid basis for understanding the context of the investigation.

Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes the analysis of groundwater monitoring data carried out by the Regulatory Agency for Water, Energy and Basic Sanitation of the Federal District (ADASA), carried out in two wells: shallow and deep, with 30 and 70 meters of depth, respectively, located 140 meters from the former landfill. Of the 33 parameters collected by ADASA between 2013 and 2022, 21 were analyzed.

Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that there is evidence of groundwater contamination, especially in the monitoring of shallow wells. Public policies should be implemented to protect this vulnerable population. Regarding the limitations of the study, we can mention the use of secondary data and the performance of a non-parametric test. Inadequacies in monitoring, such as the lack of standardization in the evaluation of parameters and the absence of periodic data on important parameters, such as microbiological parameters, limit the study and prevent more robust statistical analyses.

Research Implications: The results of this research can help in the formulation or improvement of public policies for territorial management and urban solid waste management, mainly related to the evaluation of the quality of groundwater near landfills and dumps and the conditions of access to drinking water by vulnerable populations in their surroundings.

Originality/Value: The study proposes a practical approach to assess the quality of groundwater in a region impacted by a landfill, based on comprehensive monitoring in the following aspects: spatial (use of a pair of shallow and deep wells); temporal (10-year series of data); qualitative (analysis of more than 20 parameters); and social (assessment of potential impacts on vulnerable populations that use groundwater for consumption). The results highlight the need for integrated action between land use and occupation management policies (in relation to vulnerable populations and occupations in risk areas); basic sanitation (mainly regarding the management of urban solid waste and the supply of drinking water); and public health (with regard to the quality of water available for human consumption).