bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of epigenetic chemicals to increase metabolite production in the dinoflagellate microalga Amphidinium carterae
Authors: Kichouh-Aiadi S. , Gallardo-Rodríguez J. J. , Cerón-García M. C. , López-Rosales L. , García-Camacho F. , Sánchez-Mirón A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study explores the use of chemical epigenetic modifiers to enhance the production of bioactive molecules in the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae. It was selected for its known ability to produce amphidinols with various pharmacological and agro-industrial applications. Growth inhibition, photosynthetic yield reduction, and stress-related variables were observed in response to different treatments using 5-azacitidine, hydroxamic suberoylanilide acid, metyrapone, tricyclazole, sodium butyrate, and jasplakinolide. Although no evidence of amphidinols overproduction was found, hydroxamic suberoylanilide acid and tricyclazole showed potential for stimulating the synthesis of antioxidant carotenoids such as peridinin and their derivatives. An increase of around 200% and 170% relative to control was observed at the highest non-lethal concentration. More research is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this response and to optimize production conditions. This pioneering research opens up new avenues for the biotechnological exploitation of dinoflagellate microalgae.
Silent pulmonary veins at redo ablation for atrial fibrillation: Implications and approaches
Authors: Calvert Peter , Ding Wern Yew , Griffin Michael , Bisson Arnaud , Koniari Ioanna , Fitzpatrick Noel , Snowdon Richard , Modi Simon , Luther Vishal , Mahida Saagar , Waktare Johan , Borbas Zoltan , Ashrafi Reza , Todd Derick , Gupta Dhiraj 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the cornerstone of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Despite promising success rates, redo ablation is sometimes required. At redo, PVs may be found to be isolated (silent) or reconnected. We studied patients with silent vs reconnected PVs at redo and analysed associations with adverse outcomes.

Methods
Patients undergoing redo AF ablations between 2013 and 2019 at our institution were included and stratified into silent PVs or reconnected PVs. The primary outcome was a composite of further redo ablation, non-AF ablation, atrioventricular nodal ablation, and death. Secondary outcomes included arrhythmia recurrence.

Results
A total of 467 patients were included with mean 4.6 ± 1.7 years follow-up, of whom 48 (10.3%) had silent PVs. The silent PV group had had more often undergone >1 prior ablation (45.8% vs 9.8%; p<0.001), had more persistent AF (62.5% vs 41.1%; p=0.005) and had more non-PV ablation performed both at prior ablation procedures and at the analysed redo ablation. The primary outcome occurred more frequently in those with silent PVs (25% vs 13.8%; p=0.053). Arrhythmia recurrence was also more common in the silent PV group (66.7% vs 50.6%; p=0.047). After multivariable adjustment, female sex (aHR 2.35 [95% CI 2.35–3.96]; p=0.001) and ischaemic heart disease (aHR 3.21 [95% CI 1.56–6.62]; p=0.002) were independently associated with the primary outcome, and left atrial enlargement (aHR 1.58 [95% CI 1.20–2.08]; p=0.001) and >1 prior ablation (aHR 1.88 [95% CI 1.30–2.72]; p<0.001) were independently associated with arrhythmia recurrence. Whilst a finding of silent PVs was not itself significant after multivariable adjustment, this provides an easily assessable parameter at clinically indicated redo ablation which informs the clinician of the likelihood of a worse future prognosis.

Conclusions
Patients with silent PVs at redo AF ablation have worse clinical outcomes.
Data- & compute-efficient deviance mining via active learning and fast ensembles
Authors: Folino Francesco , Folino Gianluigi , Guarascio Massimo , Pontieri Luigi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDetecting deviant traces in business process logs is crucial for modern organizations, given the harmful impact of deviant behaviours (e.g., attacks or faults). However, training a Deviance Prediction Model (DPM) by solely using supervised learning methods is impractical in scenarios where only few examples are labelled. To address this challenge, we propose an Active-Learning-based approach that leverages multiple DPMs and a temporal ensembling method that can train and merge them in a few training epochs. Our method needs expert supervision only for a few unlabelled traces exhibiting high prediction uncertainty. Tests on real data (of either complete or ongoing process instances) confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Responsiveness, Social Connection, Hope, and Life Satisfaction in Everyday Social Interaction: An Experience Sampling Study
Authors: Merolla Andy J. , Neubauer Andreas B. , Otmar Christopher D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhat are the specific everyday communication experiences—from across people’s social networks—that contribute to well-being? In the present work, we focus on the effects of perceived partner responsiveness in social interactions on various well-being outcomes. We hypothesized that everyday moments of responsiveness indirectly support two key estimates of well-being (hope and life satisfaction) through feelings of social connection. Data were obtained in an experience sampling study collected across ten days (N = 120). Results of dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) showed that responsive interaction predicted increases in hope (but not life satisfaction) through social connection. Results also identified reciprocal within-person links between responsive interaction and social connection throughout the day. These findings underscore the importance of responsive everyday communication for fostering social connection across different types of relationships and for supporting people’s capacity for a hopeful life. We discuss the implications of these results for continued research of responsiveness, hope theory, and well-being from a social interaction lens. On a practical level, the mediation pathway involving hope suggests how small changes in our patterns of everyday social interaction can be consequential to the quality of our lives.
Well-Being Contextualism and Capabilities
Authors: Östlund Sebastian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTypically, philosophers analysing well-being’s nature maintain three claims. First, that well-being has essential properties. Second, that the concept of well-being circumscribes those properties. Third, that well-being theories should capture them exhaustively and exclusively. This predominant position is called well-being monism. In opposition, contextualists argue that no overarching concept of well-being referring to a universally applicable well-being standard exists. Such a standard would describe what is good, bad, and neutral, for us without qualification. Instead, well-being research is putatively about several central phenomena. If several phenomena are central, a proliferation of concurrently acceptable well-being theories and operationalisations is expected. However, contextualists are challenged to explain how those analysing well-being are not systematically talking past each other. In this paper, I address that challenge. The upshot is that contextualist well-being theories can be justifiably context-sensitive and applied to tailor-made policy-making efforts. I illustrate the benefits by connecting contextualism to the capability approach.
Artificial Intelligence Perceptions and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Hinks Tim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe paper estimates whether there is any relationship between life satisfaction and people’s perceptions towards artificial intelligence. Using data from 39 European countries collected in 2021, it is consistently found that people with negative perceptions report lower life satisfaction. This finding is robust across a number of robustness checks. This provides further evidence that people may fear some new technologies, in this case artificial intelligence, which adds weight to governments needing to establish moratoriums to openly discuss what the objectives of new science, technologies and innovations are and how best to manage and steer policy and regulation to achieve these objectives.
Adjuvant convection-enhanced delivery for the treatment of brain tumors
Authors: Kreatsoulas Daniel , Damante Mark , Cua Santino , Lonser Russell R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Malignant gliomas are a therapeutic challenge and remain nearly uniformly fatal. While new targeted chemotherapeutic agentsagainst malignant glioma have been developed in vitro, these putative therapeutics have not been translated into successful clinical treatments. The lack of clinical effectiveness can be the result of ineffective biologic strategies, heterogeneous tumor targets and/or the result of poortherapeutic distribution to malignant glioma cells using conventional nervous system delivery modalities (intravascular, cerebrospinal fluid and/orpolymer implantation), and/or ineffective biologic strategies.

Methods
The authors performed a review of the literature for the terms “convection enhanced delivery”, “glioblastoma”, and “glioma”. Selectclinical trials were summarized based on their various biological mechanisms and technological innovation, focusing on more recently publisheddata when possible.

Results
We describe the properties, features and landmark clinical trials associated with convection-enhanced delivery for malignant gliomas.We also discuss future trends that will be vital to CED innovation and improvement.

Conclusion
Efficacy of CED for malignant glioma to date has been mixed, but improvements in technology and therapeutic agents arepromising.
Higman’s Lemma is Stronger for Better Quasi Orders
Authors: Freund Anton 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe prove that Higman’s lemma is strictly stronger for better quasi orders than for well quasi orders, within the framework of reverse mathematics. In fact, we show a stronger result: the infinite Ramsey theorem (for tuples of all lengths) is equivalent to the statement that any array $$[\mathbb N]^{n+1}\rightarrow \mathbb N^n\times X$$

[
N
]

n
+
1

→

N
n

×
X

for a well order X and $$n\in \mathbb N$$

n
∈
N

is good, over the base theory $$\mathsf {RCA_0}$$

RCA
0

.
Intraspecific competition hinders drought recovery in a resident but not in its range-expanding congener plant independent of mycorrhizal symbiosis
Authors: Sanders Shareen K. D. , Formenti Ludovico , Fahrni Micha , Thakur Madhav P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Understanding biotic interactions within plant populations and with their symbiotic partners is crucial for elucidating plant responses to drought. While many studies have highlighted the importance of intraspecific plant or mutualistic fungal interactions in predicting drought responses, we know little about the combined effects of these two interactions on the recovery of plants after drought.

Methods
We conducted an experiment to study the recovery after an extreme drought event of a native European plant species (Centaurea jacea) and its range-expanding congener (Centaurea stoebe), across a gradient of plant density and in association with an AM fungal species (Rhizophagus irregularis).

Results
Our results showed strong intraspecific competition in C. jacea, which constrained their post-drought recovery. We further found that AM fungi constrained root biomass recovery of C. jacea after drought under high intraspecific competition. The post-drought recovery in C. stoebe was high potentially due to its greater plasticity in the root diameter under drought conditions.

Conclusion
Strong intraspecific competition can constrain recovery in plants like C. jacea with lesser root trait plasticity after drought, independent of mycorrhizal symbiosis.
On the exponential diophantine equation $$U_{n}^x+U_{n+1}^x=U_m$$
Authors: Batte Herbert , Ddamulira Mahadi , Kasozi Juma , Luca Florian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLet $$ \{U_n\}_{n\ge 0} $$

{

U
n

}

n
≥
0

be the Lucas sequence. For integers x, n and m, we find all solutions to $$U_{n}^x+U_{n+1}^x=U_m$$

U

n

x

+

U

n
+
1

x

=

U
m

. The equation was studied and claimed to be solved completely in Ddamulira and Luca (Ramanujan J 56(2):651–684, 2021) but there are some computational bugs in that publication because of the wrong statement of Mignotte’s bound from Mignotte (A kit on linear forms in three logarithms. http://irma.math.unistra.fr/~bugeaud/travaux/kit.pdf, 2008). In this paper, the main result remains the same as in Ddamulira and Luca (Ramanujan J 56(2):651–684, 2021) but we focus on correcting the computational mistakes in Ddamulira and Luca (Ramanujan J 56(2):651–684, 2021), involving the application of Theorem 2.1 from Mignotte (A kit on linear forms in three logarithms. http://irma.math.unistra.fr/~bugeaud/travaux/kit.pdf, 2008).
Identical ratios: a red flag of ratio management
Authors: Ling Qianhua , Roberts Andrea Alston 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper identifies a helpful red flag stakeholders can use to detect whether a nonprofit has managed its financial information. This red flag is reporting an identical program ratio—that is, the nonprofit organization reports the exact same ratio in multiple years—while reporting a large change in total spending. We find nonprofits are more likely to report identical program ratios when resource providers rely on ratios; pay is determined, at least in part, by performance; and the potential for regulatory interference is high. This paper also identifies the cost allocation techniques and the specific expenses nonprofits likely manage. We find most nonprofits alter the allocations of multiple expenses and find the specific expenses most likely manipulated are ones where managers have a high degree of discretion over how much to allocate to programs.
Normalization of direct citations for clustering in publication-level networks: evaluation of six approaches
Authors: Sjögårde Peter , Ahlgren Per 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClustering of publication networks is an efficient way to obtain classifications of large collections of research publications. Such classifications can be used to, e.g., detect research topics, normalize citation relations, or explore the publication output of a unit. Citation networks can be created using a variety of approaches. Best practices to obtain classifications using clustering have been investigated, in particular the performance of different publication-publication relatedness measures. However, evaluation of different approaches to normalization of citation relations have not been explored to the same extent. In this paper, we evaluate five approaches to normalization of direct citation relations with respect to clustering solution quality in four data sets. A sixth approach is evaluated using no normalization. To assess the quality of clustering solutions, we use three measures. (1) We compare the clustering solution to the reference lists of a set of publications using the Adjusted Rand Index. (2) Using the Silhouette width measure, we quantity to which extent the publications have relations to other clusters than the one they have been assigned to. (3) We propose a measure that captures publications that have probably been inaccurately assigned. The results clearly show that normalization is preferred over unnormalized direct citation relations. Furthermore, the results indicate that the fractional normalization approach, which can be considered the standard approach, causes specific inaccurate assignments, which we intend to address in this paper. The geometric normalization approach has a similar performance as the fractional approach regarding Adjusted Rand Index and Silhouette width but leads to fewer inaccurate assignments at moderate to high granularity levels. We therefore believe that the geometric approach may be preferred over the fractional approach.
The Nobel family
Authors: Tol Richard S. J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNobel laureates cluster together. 696 of the 727 winners of the Nobel Prize in physics, chemistry, medicine, and economics belong to one single academic family tree. 668 trace their ancestry to Emmanuel Stupanus, 228 to Lord Rayleigh (physics, 1904). Craig Mello (medicine, 2006) counts 51 Nobelists among his ancestors. Chemistry laureates have the most Nobel ancestors and descendants, economics laureates the fewest. Chemistry is the central discipline. Its Nobelists have trained and are trained by Nobelists in other fields. Nobelists in physics (medicine) have trained (by) others. Economics stands apart. Openness to other disciplines is the same in recent and earlier times. The familial concentration of Nobelists is lower now than it used to be.
Other-Repetition to Convey and Conceal the Stance of Institutional Participants in Chinese Criminal Trials
Authors: Chen Yan , May Alison 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBased on the examination of 49 Chinese criminal trials transcribed from the audio-visual recordings on the ‘China Court Trial Online’ website (https://tingshen.court.gov.cn/), the institutional participants–prosecutors, defence lawyers, and judges–are found to frequently repeat defendants’ responses (‘other-repetition’), after a question–answer adjacency pair. Other-repetition has been described as a resource for showing participation and familiarity (Tannen 2007), initiating repair and registering receipt (Schegloff 1997), and displaying understanding and emotional stance (Svennevig 2004). However, other-repetition in trial discourse has not been thoroughly researched. Therefore, this article aims to further examine this salient institutional linguistic feature in order to explore stance construction as a third turn. It is common to associate certain prosodic features of a repetition with the stance of the speaker. However, prosody may not be a reliable cue for stance interpretation in Chinese courtrooms, as institutional participants might conceal their stance during a repetition. Though they are more explicit in displaying their stance with turn-initial repeats, the distinction between the prosody of repeats for different functions is not categorical. It is found that defendants are sensitive to the lexicogrammar and multimodal cues for stance interpretation.
Isolation, heterologous expression, and functional determination of an iron regulated transporter (IRT) gene involved in Fe2+ transport and tolerance to Fe2+ deficiency in Vitis vinifera
Authors: Song Zhizhong , Wang Xue , Li Mengyuan , Ning Youzheng , Shi Shengpeng , Yang Guangrong , Zhang Hongxia , Tang Meiling , Peng Bin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn plants, iron (Fe) regulated transporters (IRT) play important roles in uptake and transport of Fe that contributes to plant growth and development. However, biological functions of IRT transporters in fruit trees are still unknown. This study isolated 10 VvIRT genes from ‘Marselan’ grape, with varying expression levels across different tissues/organs, particularly enhanced under Fe depletion, especially in roots. Notably, VvIRT7 is the most abundantly expressed IRT gene in grape, beneficially restoring the Fe2+ uptake defect of yeast mutant DEY1453. Furthermore, VvIRT7 showed dominant expression in the roots of irt1/35S::IRT7 complementation lines. Overexpressing of VvIRT7 rescued the retarded growth of irt1 knockout mutant, by increasing the fresh weight, dry weight, total root length, total root surface, lateral root numbers, total leaf chlorophyll, ACO activity, NiR activity, SDH activity, and tissue Fe concentration. This study provides insights for understanding molecular mechanisms of Fe uptake and transport in grape.
Convective Drying of Porous Media: Comparison of Phase-Field Simulations with Microfluidic Experiments
Authors: Maier Lukas , Brosch Sebastian , Gaehr Magnus , Linkhorst John , Wessling Matthias , Nieken Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConvective drying of porous media is central to many engineering applications, ranging from spray drying over water management in fuel cells to food drying. To improve these processes, a deep understanding of drying phenomena in porous media is crucial. Therefore, detailed simulation of multiphase flows with phase change is of great importance to investigate the complex processes involved in drying porous media. While many studies aim to access the phenomena solely by simulations, here we succeed to compare comprehensively simulations with an experimental methodology based on microfluidic multiphase flow studies in engineered porous media. In this contribution, we propose a Navier–Stokes Cahn–Hilliard model coupled with balance equations for heat and moisture to simulate the two-phase flow with phase change. The phase distribution of the two fluids air and water is modeled by the Phase-Field equation. Comparisons with experiments are rare in the literature and usually involve very simple cases. We compare our simulation with convective drying experiments of porous media. Experimentally, the interface propagation of the water–air interface was visualized in detail during drying in a structured microfluidic cell made from PDMS. The drying pattern and the drying time in the experiment are very well reproduced by our simulation. This validation will enable the application for the presented Navier–Stokes Cahn–Hilliard model in more complex cases focused more on applications, e.g., in the field of fibrous materials.
Understanding predictors of mistletoe infection across an urban university campus in Southwest China
Authors: Niu Yuchen , Laffitte Benjamin , Zuoqiu Sophia , Seyler Barnabas C. , Ha Zhengang , Chen Jianan , Chen Lei , Tang Ya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to the importance of trees in urban ecosystems, it is crucial to understand the distribution, prevalence, and intensity of parasitic mistletoe infection across urban landscapes. In this study, we aimed to understand how various tree-related factors (e.g., tree taxonomy, size, pruning history, nativity, foliage, density, and diversity) might influence mistletoe prevalence and infection intensity across a typical subtropical urban greenspace. We surveyed 6,012 trees representing 96 species, 76 genera, and 44 families across a large, urban university campus in a major Southwest Chinese city. In total, we found 353 mistletoe host trees (prevalence: 5.87%), largely concentrated on the eastern part of campus, partially due to the proximity of waterbodies and a large adjacent greenspace, as well as higher tree density. To understand how predictors affected the prevalence and intensity of mistletoe infection, we used a hurdle model fitting our zero-inflated count data. Four independent variables significantly affected the prevalence of mistletoe infestation, with three demonstrating positive correlations (crown width, tree density, and tree diversity). One variable (evergreen foliage) negatively correlated with mistletoe prevalence. However, only one factor was found to significantly affect mistletoe infection intensity (crown width, positively). Due to the variety of ecosystem services mistletoes provide, more studies are necessary to assess the impact of various mistletoe management strategies, especially on urban biodiversity.