bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimentally induced changes in authoritarian submission as a response to threat
Authors: Winter Taylor , Riordan Benjamin C. , Scarf Damian , Jose Paul E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAuthoritarianism is best conceptualised by three attitudinal clusters: Aggression, Submission, and Conventionalism. Once considered a fixed characteristic, recent observational research has demonstrated how the dimension of submission can fluctuate in response to COVID-19 threat as a means of maintaining collective security. However, this effect has not been investigated with other forms of threat, nor has it been supported experimentally. In the present study, we sought to test observational findings by priming 300 participants with either a COVID-19 threat, a domestic terrorism threat, or a non-threatening control. Levels of authoritarianism were tested before and after presentation of a prime and then the difference between the two measures could be compared between prime conditions. Results from a Bayesian multivariate regression analysis informed by observational findings suggested that participants who experienced the COVID-19 or terrorism primes reported higher levels of authoritarian submission after the prime compared to before the prime, relative to those who experienced the neutral control prime. In contrast, the aggression subfactor did not seem to elicit any change in response to threat, and the conventionalism subfactor showed a response only to the terrorism prime. We concluded that two different forms of societal threat could elicit changes in specific dimensions of authoritarianism over a very short time span. We caution against the common practice of treating authoritarianism as a unidimensional construct without careful consideration.
Morphological, physio-biochemical, and molecular indications of heat stress tolerance in cucumber
Authors: El-Remaly Eman 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobal warming is a critical challenge limiting crop productivity. Heat stress during cucumber growing stages caused deterioration impacts on the flowering, fruit, and yield stages. In this study, “inbred line 1 and hybrid P1 × P2” (heat-tolerant) and “Barracuda” (heat-sensitive) were utilized to determine the heat tolerance in summer season. The heat injury index was used to exhibit the heat tolerance performance. The heat injury index for heat tolerant (HT) genotypes, on leaves (HIIL%) and female flowers (HIIF%), was less than 25 and 15 % in HT, compared to heat sensitive (HS) was more than 75 and 85%, respectively. Moreover, the content of leaf chlorophyll, proline, brassinosteroid (BRs), abscisic acid content (ABA), the activity of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11. 1.6), peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) and superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) increased with the heat stress responses in HT plants. Expression pattern analyses of eight genes, related to POD (CSGY4G005180 and CSGY6G015230), SOD (CSGY4G010750 and CSGY1G026400), CAT (CsGy4G025230 and CsGy4G025240), and BR (CsGy6G029150 and CsGy6G004930) showed a significant increase in HT higher than in HS plants. This study furnishes valuable markers for heat tolerance genotypes breeding in cucumber and provides a basis for understanding heat-tolerance mechanisms.
Plumage color degradation indicates reproductive effort: an experiment
Authors: Hegyi Gergely , Laczi Miklós , Szabó Gyula , Sarkadi Fanni , Török János 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlumage color has traditionally been regarded as a static ornamental trait, but evidence is accumulating for significant color changes without molt that typically reduce the conspicuousness of ornamentation. In some species, the social partner seems to increase its reproductive investment if the color trait is experimentally enhanced, suggesting that color change could act as a signal. However, the information content of this signal is so far unclear. For example, birds in poor condition or making greater effort may deteriorate more severely. We used brood size manipulations to alter the reproductive effort of male and female collared flycatchers Ficedula albicollis. Both sexes showed less severe decline in some reflectance attribute of their white breast when their brood was experimentally reduced. In each sex, greater deterioration of the reflectance trait affected by the manipulation was accompanied by increased feeding rate by the partner. These feeding patterns do not prove, but are consistent with, a compensatory response by the partner to induced degradation. The manipulation effects on color change we detected confirm for the first time that plumage color deterioration can indicate current reproductive effort, thereby providing a potential fitness advantage to social partners that react to such deterioration.
Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study
Authors: Hjelmeland Martin , Nøland Jonas Kristiansen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOffshore wind power projects are currently booming around the North Sea. However, there are inherent correlation challenges between wind farms in this area, which has implications for the optimal composition of locations and the scale-up of installed capacities. This paper is aimed at addressing the correlation problem by minimizing the variance of total wind power accumulated around the North Sea. We show that this nonlinear convex optimization problem can be solved by applying the Augmented Lagrangian Algorithm (ALA). The premise of the study is that more interconnections between the EU countries will be prioritized in order to optimize and smooth out the wind power production patterns. A publicly available dataset with historical hour-by-hour data spanning over 20 years was used for the analysis. We explore two distinct scenarios for Norwegian offshore wind development. In the first scenario, we consider the ongoing activities on the European continental side of the North Sea and their implications for Norway. Here, we illustrate the advantages of focusing on expanding wind power capacity in the northern regions of Norway to enhance the overall value of the generated wind power. In contrast, the second reference scenario neglects these interconnections, resulting in a significantly greater concentration of offshore wind development in the southern parts of Norway, particularly in Sørlige Nordsjø II. Additionally, our work estimates the wind power correlation coefficient in the North Sea as a function of distance. Furthermore, we analyze deviations and intermittencies in North Sea wind power over various time intervals, emphasizing that the perceived integration challenges are highly dependent on the chosen time resolution in the analysis.
Comparative RNA-seq analysis of resistant and susceptible banana genotypes reveals molecular mechanisms in response to banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) infection
Authors: Lantican Darlon V. , Nocum Jen Daine L. , Manohar Anand Noel C. , Mendoza Jay-Vee S. , Gardoce Roanne R. , Lachica Grace C. , Gueco Lavernee S. , Dela Cueva Fe M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBananas hold significant economic importance as an agricultural commodity, serving as a primary livelihood source, a favorite fruit, and a staple crop in various regions across the world. However, Banana bunchy top disease (BBTD), which is caused by banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), poses a considerable threat to banana cultivation. To understand the resistance mechanism and the interplay of host suitability factors in the presence of BBTV, we conducted RNA-seq-based comparative transcriptomics analysis on mock-inoculated and BBTV-inoculated samples from resistant (wild Musa balbisiana) and susceptible (Musa acuminata ‘Lakatan’) genotypes. We observed common patterns of expression for 62 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both genotypes, which represent the typical defense response of bananas to BBTV. Furthermore, we identified 99 DEGs exclusive to the 'Lakatan' banana cultivar, offering insights into the host factors and susceptibility mechanisms that facilitate successful BBTV infection. In parallel, we identified 151 DEGs unique to the wild M. balbisiana, shedding light on the multifaceted mechanisms of BBTV resistance, involving processes such as secondary metabolite biosynthesis, cell wall modification, and pathogen perception. Notably, our validation efforts via RT-qPCR confirmed the up-regulation of the glucuronoxylan 4-O-methyltransferase gene (14.28 fold-change increase), implicated in xylan modification and degradation. Furthermore, our experiments highlighted the potential recruitment of host's substrate adaptor ADO (30.31 fold-change increase) by BBTV, which may play a role in enhancing banana susceptibility to the viral pathogen. The DEGs identified in this work can be used as basis in designing associated gene markers for the precise integration of resistance genes in marker-assisted breeding programs. Furthermore, the findings can be applied to develop genome-edited banana cultivars targeting the resistance and susceptibility genes, thus developing novel cultivars that are resilient to important diseases.
Physiological mechanism of action and partial separation of herbicide–active compounds from the Diaporthe sp. extract on Amaranthus tricolor L.
Authors: Manichart Nutcha , Laosinwattana Chamroon , Somala Naphat , Teerarak Montinee , Chotsaeng Nawasit 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThirteen fungi that produce compounds with herbicidal activities were isolated, identified, and extracted under the assumption that the mechanism of action occurs during seed exposure to the extract. The extracts from all the fungal strains considerably decreased the growth parameters of Amaranthus tricolor L. The EC010 strain extracts showed the greatest effect. Through ITS region gene sequencing methods, the isolated EC010 was identified as a genus of Diaporthe. The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) inhibitory effect of 91.25% on germination and a decrease in shoot and root length by 91.28% and 95.30%, respectively. The mycelium of Diaporthe sp. was extracted using sequential extraction techniques for the partial separation of the herbicidal fraction. According to the bioassay activities, the EtOAc fraction showed the highest inhibitory activity. The osmotic stress of the A. tricolor seeds was studied. Although the extract increased the accumulation of proline and soluble protein, the treated seeds showed lower imbibition. While the activity of α-amylase was dramatically decreased after treatment. A cytogenetic assay in the treated Allium cepa L. root revealed a decrease in the mitotic index, an altered mitotic phase index, and a promotion of mitotic abnormalities. Accordingly, the Diaporthe sp. may serve as a potential herbicidal compound resource.
A novel tumor immunotherapy-related signature for risk stratification, prognosis prediction, and immune status in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Jianping , Xi Lefeng , Zhang Dechen , Gao Feipei , Wang Liqin , Yang Guangying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy as a strategy to deal with cancer is increasingly being used clinically, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aim to create an immunotherapy-related signature that can play a role in predicting HCC patients’ survival and therapeutic outcomes. Immunotherapy-related genes were discovered first. Clinical information and gene expression data were extracted from GSE140901. By a series of bioinformatics methods to analyze, overlapping genes were used to build an immunotherapy-related signature that could contribute to predict both the prognosis of people with hepatocellular carcinoma and responder to immune checkpoint blockade therapy of them in TCGA database. Differences of the two groups in immune cell subpopulations were then compared. Furthermore, A nomogram was constructed, based on the immunotherapy-related signature and clinicopathological features, and proved to be highly predictive. Finally, immunohistochemistry assays were performed in HCC tissue and normal tissue adjacent tumors to verify the differences of the four genes expression. As a result of this study, a prognostic protein profile associated with immunotherapy had been created, which could be applied to predict patients' response to immunotherapy and may provide a new perspective as clinicians focus on non-apoptotic treatment for patients with HCC.
The drug efficacy testing in 3D cultures platform identifies effective drugs for ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Åkerlund Emma , Gudoityte Greta , Moussaud-Lamodière Elisabeth , Lind Olina , Bwanika Henri Colyn , Lehti Kaisa , Salehi Sahar , Carlson Joseph , Wallin Emelie , Fernebro Josefin , Östling Päivi , Kallioniemi Olli , Joneborg Ulrika , Seashore-Ludlow Brinton 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMost patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC) relapse and progress despite systemic therapy, pointing to the need for improved and tailored therapy options. Functional precision medicine can help to identify effective therapies for individual patients in a clinically relevant timeframe. Here, we present a scalable functional precision medicine platform: DET3Ct (Drug Efficacy Testing in 3D Cultures), where the response of patient cells to drugs and drug combinations are quantified with live-cell imaging. We demonstrate the delivery of individual drug sensitivity profiles in 20 samples from 16 patients with ovarian cancer in both 2D and 3D culture formats, achieving over 90% success rate in providing results six days after operation. In this cohort all patients received carboplatin. The carboplatin sensitivity scores were significantly different for patients with a progression free interval (PFI) less than or equal to 12 months and those with more than 12 months (p < 0.05). We find that the 3D culture format better retains proliferation and characteristics of the in vivo setting. Using the DET3Ct platform we evaluate 27 tailored combinations with results available 10 days after operation. Notably, carboplatin and A-1331852 (Bcl-xL inhibitor) showed an additive effect in four of eight OC samples tested, while afatinib and A-1331852 led to synergy in five of seven OC models. In conclusion, our 3D DET3Ct platform can rapidly define potential, clinically relevant data on efficacy of existing drugs in OC for precision medicine purposes, as well as provide insights on emerging drugs and drug combinations that warrant testing in clinical trials.
Relevance of the anterior cingulate cortex volume and personality in motivated physical activity behaviors
Authors: Miró-Padilla Anna , Adrián-Ventura Jesús , Cherednichenko Anastasia , Monzonís-Carda Irene , Beltran-Valls Maria Reyes , MolinerUrdiales Diego , Ávila César 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSome recent theories about the origins and maintenance of regular physical activity focus on the rewards of the properties of practicing this activity. Animal and human studies have demonstrated that mesolimbic dopamine plays a crucial role in the involvement in voluntary physical activity. Here, we test this possible role in a sample of 66 right-handed healthy young adults by studying the influence of personality and the volume of reward-related brain areas on individual differences in voluntary physical activity, objectively measured by accelerometer and subjectively self-reported by questionnaire. Our results show that a smaller volume of the right anterior cingulate cortex and lower scores on reward sensitivity contributed to explaining low levels of daily physical activity. Moreover, the volume of the right anterior cingulate cortex correlates positively with self-reported total physical activity. Results are discussed by highlighting the need to use objective measures of daily physical activity, as well as the important role of the anterior cingulate cortex and personality in promoting effortful and invigorating actions to obtain rewards.
Optimal operation of microgrid with consideration of V2G's uncertainty
Authors: Luo Zhengjie , Ren Hui , Xin Guoyu , Xu Mingkuo , Wang Fei , Zhang Yichi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aggregation of the remaining battery capacity of electric vehicles (EVs) can be used as distributed energy storage to participate in the microgrid optimisation through vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) technology. However, the reliability of this service to be delivered is affected by the uncertainty of EVs’ behaviour. The un‐reliable service will bring risks in the operation of microgrid when EVs’ V2G electricity is regarded as an important flexibility resource. This paper, first proposes an analytical method to quantify the reliability of EV aggregation's (EVA's) V2G electricity based on the analysis of historical charging data and compound Poisson process. Based on this model, electric vehicles aggregators can evaluate the V2G bid quantity for any time slot on day t+1 according to the reliability requirements. Secondly, an optimal operation model of microgrid with consideration of V2G's reliability is considered. Finally, a test system with photovoltaics (PVs) and EVA on top of the original IEEE 33‐node system is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that with the proposed reliability evaluation method of V2G electricity, the optimal operation of the microgrid can be reached with appropriate evaluation of the capability of the EVA.
Pre-supernova feedback sets the star cluster mass function to a power law and reduces the cluster formation efficiency
Authors: Andersson Eric P. , Mac Low Mordecai-Mark , Agertz Oscar , Renaud Florent , Li Hui 
Published: October 2023

Context. The star cluster initial mass function is observed to have an inverse power law exponent around 2, yet there is no consensus on what determines this distribution, and why some variation is observed in different galaxies. Furthermore, the cluster formation efficiency (CFE) covers a range of values, particularly when considering different environments. These clusters are often used to empirically constrain star formation and as fundamental units for stellar feedback models. Detailed galaxy models must therefore accurately capture the basic properties of observed clusters to be considered predictive.
Aims. We study how feedback mechanisms acting on different timescales and with different energy budgets affect the star cluster mass function and CFE.
Methods. We use hydrodynamical simulations of a dwarf galaxy as a laboratory to study star cluster formation. We test different combinations of stellar feedback mechanisms, including stellar winds, ionizing radiation, and supernovae (SNe).
Results. Each feedback mechanism affects the CFE and cluster mass function. Increasing the feedback budget by combining the different types of feedback decreases the CFE by reducing the number of massive clusters. Ionizing radiation is found to be especially influential. This effect depends on the timing of feedback initiation, as shown by comparing early and late feedback. Early feedback occurs from ionizing radiation and stellar winds with onset immediately after a massive star is formed. Late feedback occurs when energy injection only starts after the main-sequence lifetime of the most massive SN progenitor, a timing that is further influenced by the choice of the most massive SN progenitor. Late feedback alone results in a broad, flat mass function, approaching a log-normal shape in the complete absence of feedback. Early feedback, on the other hand, produces a power-law cluster mass function with lower CFE, albeit with a steeper slope than that usually observed.
Design and Cryogenic Performance of a Hexapod Platform for a Large Ground-based Wide Field Survey Telescope
Authors: Yu Yang , Wang Xue-Wen , Zhang Yu , Sun Jia-Lin , Xu Zhen-Bang , Wang Jian-Li 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The thermal gradient is an important factor that causes degradation to the image quality of telescopes. In order to ensure the accurate alignment of the primary focus unit and the primary mirror, the hexapod platform (as a corrector) is investigated in this paper. First, a ground-based telescope with 2.5 m aperture and 3.5 deg field of view is described. The telescope is under construction, and it is expected to be finished in 2023. Second, the hexapod platform with flexure hinges utilized to adjust the primary focus unit is proposed, which is applied as a corrector. Then, the inverse kinematics of the platform is established and an open-loop control system is built based on it. Finally, the cryogenic performance test for the hexapod platform is performed. The experimental results show that the resolution and repeatability of the translation for the hexapod platform can be achieved at the micrometer level. The resolution and repeatability of the rotation can be achieved at the arc-second level. Therefore, the cryogenic performance of the hexapod platform can meet the optical imaging requirements of the wide-field ground-based telescope. The kinematic analysis and cryogenic performance tests in the paper provide a technical reference for the precise alignment of the primary focus unit and the primary mirror, which can improve the imaging quality of the telescope.
Investigation of Carter method for locating slip surfaces and its performance on varying slope conditions
Authors: Novanti N A , Lu C W , Lin T S , Lee W L , Lin Y F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Assessment of slope internal deformation has been regarded as a crucial factor in the investigation of landslide scale and its run-out distance. The information on the ground surface is easier to obtain by generating UAV and SAR data while investigating slip surfaces beneath the ground surface is costly and time-consuming. Carter and Bentley (1985) proposed a simple method, which utilizes ground surface measurement to estimate the position and shape of the slip surface and has been applied in the field study in recent years. However, the applicability of Carter’s method has not been investigated comprehensively due to the difficulty of gathering data beneath the ground surface. In order to gather comprehensive data on slope deformation in the entire landslide process, a numerical model of the material point method (MPM) is adopted to simulate landslide failure in varied slope angle, which is 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. In this study, numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the performance of Carter’s method in predicting slip surfaces under different slope angles. The performance of Carter’s method was evaluated by the concordance correlation coefficient, and the results indicated that the located sliding surface by Carter’s method shows a well-predicted capability.
Modeling Geocells as Slope Reinforcement Using the Limit Equilibrium Method
Authors: Nurtjahjaningtyas Indra , Wicaksono Luthfi Amri , Shofi Achmad Magh Robi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Geocell is a geosynthetic used in foundation works, road construction and slope reinforcement. This research on slope reinforcement with geocells was conducted in a landslide affected area. The case study is a landslide on an access road to a tourist area in East Java, Indonesia, which resulted in almost the entire road body collapsing. In this research, modeling will be carried out using the LEM (Limit Equilibrium method) method with geoslope software to determine the increase in the Safety Factor (SF) value. The results of the slope stability analysis in the condition without reinforcement resulted in an SF value of 0,585. Reinforcement planning was carried out with 3 models at a depth of 9.6 meters and using a 57°slope. Modeling 1, 2, and 3 respectively used geocell sizes with lengths of 1.5 and 4 meters, 1.5 meters and 5 meters, 1.5 meters and 6 meters. The results of the slope stability analysis in modeling 1, 2, and 3 resulted in SF values of 0.783, 0.912, and 1.027, which means that in this study the increase in SF value in direct backfill conditions without reinforcement compared to modeling 1, 2, and 3 was 33.85%, 55.90% and 75.56%.