bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global patterns and drivers of plant–soil microbe interactions
Authors: Jiang Feng , Bennett Jonathan A. , Crawford Kerri M. , Heinze Johannes , Pu Xucai , Luo Ao , Wang Zhiheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlant–soil feedback (PSF) is an important mechanism determining plant community dynamics and structure. Understanding the geographic patterns and drivers of PSF is essential for understanding the mechanisms underlying geographic plant diversity patterns. We compiled a large dataset containing 5969 observations of PSF from 202 studies to demonstrate the global patterns and drivers of PSF for woody and non‐woody species. Overall, PSF was negative on average and was influenced by plant attributes and environmental settings. Woody species PSFs did not vary with latitude, but non‐woody PSFs were more negative at higher latitudes. PSF was consistently more positive with increasing aridity for both woody and non‐woody species, likely due to increased mutualistic microbes relative to soil‐borne pathogens. These findings were consistent between field and greenhouse experiments, suggesting that PSF variation can be driven by soil legacies from climates. Our findings call for caution to use PSF as an explanation of the latitudinal diversity gradient and highlight that aridity can influence plant community dynamics and structure across broad scales through mediating plant–soil microbe interactions.
Not all child‐to‐parent violence is the same: A person‐based analysis using the function of aggression
Authors: Harries Travis , Curtis Ashlee , Skvarc David , Benstead Michelle , Walker Arlene , Mayshak Richelle 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo explore a typology of dyads experiencing child‐to‐parent violence (CPV) using the function of CPV (i.e., its motivation).BackgroundCPV may be motivated by reactive (i.e., retaliatory), proactive (i.e., instrumental), or affective (i.e., primarily emotional) functions, which may co‐occur intraindividually; however, their co‐occurrence pattern is not fully understood.MethodThis study included 252 participants aged 27 to 78 years (M = 45.92, SD = 8.33; 96% female) who were caregivers of a young person aged 5 to 24 years (M = 13.18, SD = 4.86) and completed an online survey measuring the form and function of CPV and a range of child, parent, and dyadic factors. The majority of dyads were mother–child.ResultsLatent profile analysis revealed two distinct types of dyads: High‐proactive dyads reported severe, highly reactive and proactive CPV compared with low‐proactive dyads in which proactive CPV was rare and reactive CPV was uncommon. Rates of affective CPV were similar across types. Analysis of variance demonstrated that high‐ and low‐proactive dyads significantly differed across intervention‐relevant parent, child, and dyadic factors.ConclusionHigh‐proactive dyads exhibited role reversal and spousification (i.e., parental conflict spill‐over) in which caregivers were helpless, frightened, and frightening, and the young person possessed domineering traits. Low‐proactive dyads were characterized by a comparatively in‐control caregiver who exhibited intrusiveness and higher supervision and a young person who was comparatively less domineering.ImplicationsDifferent types of dyads experiencing CPV may have unique intervention needs.
Comparison of the effectiveness of Morus alba and chlorhexidine gels as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on stage II periodontitis – A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Gunjal Shilpa , Hampiholi Vinuta , Ankola Anil V. , Pateel Deepak Gowda Sadashivappa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe present study aimed to assess and compare the effect of Morus alba and chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in treating stage II periodontitis.MethodsA single‐blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 180 patients with stage II periodontitis who received full‐mouth SRP. They were randomly assigned to receive chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) gel, Morus alba (MA) and placebo gel for Groups A, B and C, respectively, at the baseline, 15 days and 30 days. Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and quantitative analysis (culture) of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were assessed at baseline and 45 days. Analysis of variance was used to compare the significant difference in PI, GI, PPD and microbiological parameters between the three groups after the intervention, followed by post hoc Mann–Whitney U and Tukey's HSD test for clinical and microbiological parameters, respectively.ResultsIntergroup comparison of the PI, GI and microbiological parameters between the MA and CHX groups at the end of 45 days did not show a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05), whereas a statistically significant difference was observed for PPD between MA and CHX groups with the mean difference of 0.18 mm (p = 0.002).ConclusionMorus alba gel was found to be effective in decreasing PPD. However, there was no difference between Morus alba and chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to SRP in treating stage II periodontitis.
Sequential engagement of adhesion molecules and cytokine receptors impacts both piecemeal and anaphylactic degranulation of human basophils
Authors: Mansouri Ladan , Kalm Frida , Björkander Sophia , Melén Erik , Lundahl Joachim , Nopp Anna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBasophils are rare granulocytes in circulation which home to tissues in a process depending on rolling, adhesion and cytokine exposure. However, it is still unclear how these steps affect basophil degranulation. Our aim was to imitate these processes associated with homing by sequential crosslinking of adhesion molecules and cytokine exposure and evaluate the effect on basophil piecemeal (PMD) and anaphylactic degranulation (AND). Blood donors with or without allergic asthma were recruited from an ongoing cohort study. Basophils were subjected to CD62L‐, CD49d‐ or CD11b crosslinking and IL‐3 or IL‐33 stimulation in different orders followed by anti‐IgE and fMLP stimulation. Basophil CD203c and CD63 expression were analysed by flow cytometry to determine PMD and AND, respectively. IL‐3 induced PMD in basophils and combined with CD62L‐ or CD11b crosslinking, IL‐3 potentiated the degranulation regardless of sequential order. IL‐3 priming followed by adhesion molecule crosslinking induced AND and potentiated the effect of anti‐IgE. CD62L‐ and CD11b crosslinking did not further potentiate this effect. CD49d crosslinking followed by IL‐3 increased CD63 expression following anti‐IgE. IL‐3 potentiated the effect of fMLP on AND while adhesion molecule crosslinking did not. IL‐33 had impact on PMD only when followed by adhesion molecule crosslinking but did not potentiate neither IgE‐dependent nor IgE‐independent degranulation. Our data indicate that sequential interactions between basophils, cytokines and adhesion molecule ligands have a decisive effect on basophil degranulation and that these interactions are operational for fine‐tuning the activity of tissue dwelling basophils. These data should be considered when the effect of different pharmaceutical on basophil function is studied.
Occupational health nursing: Realities and challenges
Authors: González‐Caballero Javier 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundDesigning and enhancing resilient occupational health and safety systems is a challenge. This fact makes it clear that occupational health professionals must be able to develop their full range of competencies. From this premise, it is appropriate to define and deepen the strengths and weaknesses of occupational health nursing (OHN), as well as to point out the opportunities and realities that address its performance.Sources of evidenceIn the history of the professionalization of this speciality, different circumstances have conditioned its projection: the absence of its own body of doctrine, the lack of professional recognition, limited autonomy, and the definition of a clear regulatory framework. In addition to an epistemological limitation and the absence of clear leadership.DiscussionIn the consolidation of this speciality, there is a limited capacity to implement its own competencies, the invisibility of nursing care, the absence of leadership that incorporates research findings and difficulties in the application of scientific evidence, in addition to the influence of regulatory provisions and the idiosyncrasies of the company.Conclusions and implications for nursing and health policyThe analysis of classical models with a transformative approach invites a more fluid and coordinated communication between occupational health, occupational risk prevention, primary care and public health, a proposal that induces collaboration and a more holistic approach to care for workers.
Relevance of comorbidities for main outcomes during different periods of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Quintana‐Lopez José M. , Rodríguez Lander , Portuondo Janire , García Julia , Legarreta Maria Jose , Gascón María , Larrea Nere , Barrio Irantzu ,   the COVID‐Health Basque Country Research Group
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThroughout the evolution of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the severity of the disease has varied. The aim of this study was to determine how patients' comorbidities affected and were related to, different outcomes during this time.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of all patients testing positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection between March 1, 2020, and January 9, 2022. We extracted sociodemographic, basal comorbidities, prescribed treatments, COVID‐19 vaccination data, and outcomes such as death and admission to hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) during the different periods of the pandemic. We used logistic regression to quantify the effect of each covariate in each outcome variable and a random forest algorithm to select the most relevant comorbidities.ResultsPredictors of death included having dementia, heart failure, kidney disease, or cancer, while arterial hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart, cerebrovascular, peripheral vascular diseases, and leukemia were also relevant. Heart failure, dementia, kidney disease, diabetes, and cancer were predictors of adverse evolution (death or ICU admission) with arterial hypertension, ischemic heart, cerebrovascular, peripheral vascular diseases, and leukemia also relevant. Arterial hypertension, heart failure, diabetes, kidney, ischemic heart diseases, and cancer were predictors of hospitalization, while dyslipidemia and respiratory, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular diseases were also relevant.ConclusionsPreexisting comorbidities such as dementia, cardiovascular and renal diseases, and cancers were those most related to adverse outcomes. Of particular note were the discrepancies between predictors of adverse outcomes and predictors of hospitalization and the fact that patients with dementia had a lower probability of being admitted in the first wave.
First molecular characterization of Blastocystis subtypes from domestic animals (sheep and cattle) and their animal‐keepers in Ilam, western Iran: A zoonotic concern
Authors: Shams Morteza , Bahrami Ali Mohammad , Mousivand Asma , Shamsi Laya , Asghari Ali , Shahabi Saeed , Sadrebazzaz Alireza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA total of 360 fecal samples were randomly collected from 150 cattle, 150 sheep, and 60 humans (30 people with close animal contact and 30 individuals without close animal contact) at 10 farms in Ilam, western Iran from June 2022 to August 2023. All samples were directly examined for Blastocystis by zinc sulfate flotation, followed by microscopic observation. Positive samples were further subtyped using conventional PCR and sequencing methods. A mean prevalence of 5.3% (16/300) was estimated for Blastocystis infection among examined animals, with 6% and 4.7% for cattle and sheep, respectively. Among the people who had close and non‐close animal contact, 16.7% (5/30) and 3.3% (1/30) were infected with Blastocystis, respectively (p < 0.05). All 22 positive samples were successfully sequenced at the SSU rRNA locus. Accordingly, Blastocystis isolates infecting domestic animals in Ilam belonged to the four STs (ST1‐ST3, and ST10). Of the 16 animal isolates, nine sequences (four ST10, three ST3, and two ST1) were related to cattle, and seven sequences (three ST10, two ST3, and two ST2) were isolated from sheep. Among the six human isolates, ST3 was the most predominant ST, followed by STs 1, 2, 6, and 7 (one case each). Of note, ST1‐ST3 were isolated in various farms both from animals and their breeders, which indicates the possible circulation of these STs between animal and human populations.
Expanding the quality of life paradigm: Contributions from the field of disability studies
Authors: Edwards Meaghan , Schippers Alice P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article considers the contributions from the field of Disability Studies to the conceptualization of Quality of Life (QOL) for people labelled with Intellectual Disability (ID). We suggest four elements from the field of Disability Studies that may be incorporated into an evolving QOL paradigm. The first element concerns the meaning of disability itself. Those working in contemporary Disability Studies identify societal obstacles and points of inaccessibility as sources of disablement while also recognizing the experience of difference. We suggest this understanding of disability as an interaction between a person and the social world/environment may be included more explicitly in QOL conceptualization. A responsive and adaptable definition of disability in the QOL paradigm is recommended. The second element is the recognition of relationality. The field of contemporary disability studies challenges the value of considering a person's disability as a solitary medical experience and questions the goals of independence, instead considering the value in interdependence and community. This could be included in the QOL paradigm by further emphasizing the importance of relationships and contributions of those labelled with ID. The third element is participatory design and epistemic justice, making space for people labelled with ID to contribute to research and direct the course of their own lives and supports. This element of self‐determination is important to QOL but an increase in participatory research, service, and support design in the field is recommended. The final element is intersectionality, the idea that the experience of disability must be understood in the context of other points of identity or marginalization such as race, gender, and sexuality. We recommend that the QOL paradigm should allow for these additional elements to be included in further design and research in the field.
Mean‐field liquidation games with market drop‐out
Authors: Fu Guanxing , Hager Paul P. , Horst Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe consider a novel class of portfolio liquidation games with market drop‐out (“absorption”). More precisely, we consider mean‐field and finite player liquidation games where a player drops out of the market when her position hits zero. In particular, round‐trips are not admissible. This can be viewed as a no statistical arbitrage condition. In a model with only sellers, we prove that the absorption condition is equivalent to a short selling constraint. We prove that equilibria (both in the mean‐field and the finite player game) are given as solutions to a nonlinear higher‐order integral equation with endogenous terminal condition. We prove the existence of a unique solution to the integral equation from which we obtain the existence of a unique equilibrium in the MFG and the existence of a unique equilibrium in the N‐player game. We establish the convergence of the equilibria in the finite player games to the obtained mean‐field equilibrium and illustrate the impact of the drop‐out constraint on equilibrium trading rates.
Comparative efficacy of energy‐restricted dietary interventions in overweight and obese populations: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhao Jun , Duan Xincheng , Zhang Longwei , Zhao Xuelian , Yang Jingyu , Sun Na , Zhao Wenxiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis meta‐analysis compared the effectiveness of different energy‐restricted diets on body composition, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism in overweight and obese populations. Five databases were searched to identify relevant studies in English from inception until July 20, 2023, for randomized controlled trials of at least 2 weeks duration assessing the effects of continuous energy‐restricted diets compared with any intermittent energy‐restricted diet in obesity adults. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 2.0, while the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) system was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. A non‐informative prior distribution Bayesian network meta‐analysis was conducted. Thirty‐eight studies (3039 participants) assessing four energy‐restricted diets were included. Three RCTs were at high risk of bias with a very low to moderate certainty of evidence. Combined with pairwise comparisons and surface under the cumulative ranking curve, alternate‐day fasting may be the best energy restriction regimen with the potential to have the most beneficial effects on various aspects of the obesity population. More rigorously designed and long‐term follow‐up studies are warranted.
Impact of the quality of resected thyroid cancer tissue sample on next‐generation sequencing testing
Authors: Hatanaka Kanako C. , Nakamura Kenichi , Katoh Ryohei , Ito Koichi , Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi , Miyauchi Akira , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Kano Satoshi , Okada Yui , Mori Joji , Ito Yoichi M. , Hatanaka Yutaka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractActivating rearranged during transfection (RET) proto‐oncogene alterations can be identified using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) of tumor DNA/RNA. We assessed factors associated with NGS (Oncomine Dx Target Test [ODxTT]) success for resected thyroid cancer (TC) specimens, including sample age, processing conditions, and DNA/RNA quality. TC samples were from three Japanese hospitals, with sample age <1–<10 years, fixative 10%/15% neutralized buffered formalin (NBF), and fixation time ≤48 h/>48 h–≤72 h. NGS success rate was defined as the percentage of samples returning validated NGS results (RET fusion‐positive/negative [RNA] or RET mutation‐positive/negative [DNA], detected using ODxTT). DNA/RNA quality was assessed with indexes based on electrophoresis (DNA/RNA integrity number, DV200) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (DNA/RNA integrity score [ddCq/ΔCq]). NGS success rate (N = 202) was 90%/93% (DNA/RNA) overall, 98%–100% (DNA and RNA) for samples <3 years old, and 91% (DNA and RNA) for samples ≥3–<5 years old fixed in 10% NBF for ≤48 h. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified ddCq and ΔCq as significant predictors of DNA and RNA NGS success rates, respectively. Quality assessment of nucleic acid extracted from archival tissue samples is important for achieving high NGS success rates in clinical practice, especially for samples ≥3 years old.
Policy process theories in autocracies: Key observations, explanatory power, and research priorities
Authors: van den Dool Annemieke , Schlaufer Caroline 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe policy process frameworks and theories that are currently considered mainstream were originally developed in the United States, before traveling to other countries. Despite their roots in democratic values, these frameworks and theories are increasingly applied to autocracies. Given important differences between democracies and autocracies, this raises questions about the desirability, limitations, and future directions of this development. In response, this article synthesizes findings from studies that apply existing policy process frameworks and theories to autocracies with the aim of assessing the extent to which the theories are, can, and should be used to explain key aspects of the policy process in autocracies. Based on qualitative content analysis of 146 English‐language peer‐reviewed journal articles that apply the Advocacy Coalition Framework, the Multiple Streams Framework, the Narrative Policy Framework, and the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory to 39 autocracies, we show that these theories help identify influential institutions, actors, networks, ideas, beliefs, and events. The analysis reveals important differences in policy processes between autocracies and democracies. Future research ought to bring existing literature on authoritarianism and authoritarian politics into policy process research to test existing and new hypotheses.
Telemedicine and remote training: the impact on obstetrics and gynaecology training
Authors: Murugesu Sughashini , Saso Srdjan , Barcroft Jennifer , Visvanathan Shankar , Bourne Tom , Joash Karen 
Published: January 2024

Key content
The use of telemedicine in obstetrics and gynaecology clinical practice increased significantly during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
This article presents a framework to ensure training opportunities continue during telemedicine consultations, allowing trainees to develop their skills within the framework of telemedicine to optimise consultations and safe clinical practice.
Remote teaching offers several advantages and disadvantages over face‐to‐face teaching. The value of each teaching method needs to be considered for the specific setting and the content tailored accordingly. Hybrid delivery is an option now that the infrastructure is in place.
Telementoring includes remote supervision of clinics and expert review of, for example, colposcopy and ultrasound images. The technology is available for live‐stream remote supervision of ultrasound and surgery, allowing expert input out of hours or in geographically isolated areas.
Telesimulation training can occur remotely and offers the possibility of remote assessment with artificial intelligence. The use of simulation technology may facilitate the standardisation of practical skills assessment in obstetrics and gynaecology.
Learning objectives
To consider a framework to ensure training opportunities and safe clinical practice during telemedicine consultations.
To understand the range of remote training modalities available to improve accessibility to practical skills training and wider access to theoretical knowledge.
Ethical issues
How can we provide adequate supervision during telemedicine and is there an effect on patient safety?
How can trainers and trainees optimise continuing postgraduate learning opportunities as telemedicine and telementoring are established in mainstream clinical practice?
Water resources sustainability assessment in the Vietnamese Srepok River Basin
Authors: Nuong Bui Thi , Darby Stephen , Chung Nguyen Thuy , Du Duong Bui , Trang Vu Quynh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study proposes a sustainability assessment framework for managing the water resources of the Vietnamese portion of the Srepok River Basin (VSRB). A sustainability hierarchy was developed using five, ten, seven and five sustainability indicators to characterize economic, environmental, social and management dimensions of the basin's water resources. Reliable weights for each of these sustainability components were assigned using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process evaluations of judgements obtained from five highly experienced experts. The sustainability levels were ranked in increasing order of Management > Economic > Environment > Social, allowing a composite sustainability index to be assessed. By taking into account economic, environmental, social and management perspectives, the assessment provides a comprehensive understanding of the sustainability of water resources in the VSRB.