bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A previous champagne tap reduces the probability of traumatic lumbar puncture in the following procedure
Authors: Sievänen Harri , Kari Juho , Huurre Anu , Palmu Sauli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample containing no red blood cells (RBC), colloquially known as a champagne tap, is an ideal outcome of a lumbar puncture (LP). In this pseudoprospective study of 2573 patients aged from 0 days to 95 years, we examined in four different age categories (neonates and infants, children and adolescents, adults, and older adults) whether a champagne tap in the patient’s first LP procedure and a shorter time than 1 week between the two successive procedures are independently associated with fewer blood-contaminated CSF samples (traumatic LP) in the following procedure. One out of five CSF samples from the patient’s first LP procedures were RBC-free on average, varying from about 9% in neonates and infants to about 36% in children and adolescents. The mean incidence of champagne taps was 19.5%. According to binary logistic regression, a champagne tap in the previous LP procedure significantly determined whether the following procedure was not blood-contaminated. The odds of traumatic LP were halved or even reduced tenfold after a champagne tap. Less than a week between the two successive procedures, in turn, multiplied the odds of traumatic LP in the latter even more than tenfold. A champagne tap was not significantly associated with traumatic LP in the following procedure among pediatric patients. If the patient’s condition or therapy plan permits and the blood contamination can compromise the reliability of the CSF-based analysis and consequent diagnosis, postponing the LP procedure by several days is advisable to improve the odds of receiving a high-quality CSF sample.
Pathogenicity of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus depends on pre-culture conditions
Authors: Fatemi Ehsan , Jung Christian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ability of a plant parasitic nematode to infect and reproduce within a host plant depends on its genotype and the environmental conditions before and during infection. We studied the culturing conditions of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus to produce inoculum for plant infection tests. Nematodes were either cultivated on carrot calli for different periods or directly isolated from the roots of the host plants. After infection of wheat and barley plants in the greenhouse, nematodes were quantified by RT-qPCR and by visual counting of the nematodes. We observed drastically reduced infection rates after long-term (> 96 weeks) cultivation on carrot callus. In contrast, fresh isolates from cereal roots displayed much higher pathogenicity. We recommend using root lesion nematodes cultivated on carrot calli no longer than 48 weeks to guarantee uniform infection rates.
Identification of a unique conserved region from a kinetoplastid genome of Leishmania orientalis (formerly named Leishmania siamensis) strain PCM2 in Thailand
Authors: Anuntasomboon Pornchai , Siripattanapipong Suradej , Unajak Sasimanas , Choowongkomon Kiattawee , Burchmore Richard , Leelayoova Saovanee , Mungthin Mathirut , E-kobon Teerasak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) appear in almost all eukaryotic species and are useful molecular markers for phylogenetic studies and species identification. Kinetoplast DNAs (kDNAs) are structurally complex circular mtDNA networks in kinetoplastids, divided into maxicircles and minicircles. Despite several kDNAs of many Leishmania species being examined, the kDNAs of the new species, Leishmania orientalis (formerly named Leishmania siamensis) strain PCM2, have not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the maxicircle and minicircle DNAs of L. orientalis strain PCM2 using hybrid genome sequencing technologies and bioinformatic analyses. The kDNA sequences were isolated and assembled using the SPAdes hybrid assembler from the Illumina short-read and PacBio long-read data. Circular contigs of the maxicircle and minicircle DNAs were reconstructed and confirmed by BLASTn and rKOMICs programs. The kDNA genome was annotated by BLASTn before the genome comparison and phylogenetic analysis by progressiveMauve, MAFFT, and MEGA programs. The maxicircle of L. orientalis strain PCM2 (18,215 bp) showed 99.92% similarity and gene arrangement to Leishmania enriettii strain LEM3045 maxicircle with variation in the 12s rRNA gene and divergent region. Phylogenetics of the whole sequence, coding regions, divergent regions, and 12s rRNA gene also confirmed this relationship and subgenera separation. The identified 105 classes of minicircles (402–1177 bp) were clustered monophyletically and related to the Leishmania donovani minicircles. The kinetoplast maxicircle and minicircle DNAs of L. orientalis strain PCM2 contained a unique conserved region potentially useful for specific diagnosis of L. orientalis and further exploration of this parasite population genetics in Thailand and related regions.
Wavelet radiomics features from multiphase CT images for screening hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis and comparison
Authors: Tang Van Ha , Duong Soan T. M. , Nguyen Chanh D. Tr. , Huynh Thanh M. , Duc Vo T. , Phan Chien , Le Huyen , Bui Trung , Truong Steven Q. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEarly detection of liver malignancy based on medical image analysis plays a crucial role in patient prognosis and personalized treatment. This task, however, is challenging due to several factors, including medical data scarcity and limited training samples. This paper presents a study of three important aspects of radiomics feature from multiphase computed tomography (CT) for classifying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other focal liver lesions: wavelet-transformed feature extraction, relevant feature selection, and radiomics features-based classification under the inadequate training samples. Our analysis shows that combining radiomics features extracted from the wavelet and original CT domains enhance the classification performance significantly, compared with using those extracted from the wavelet or original domain only. To facilitate the multi-domain and multiphase radiomics feature combination, we introduce a logistic sparsity-based model for feature selection with Bayesian optimization and find that the proposed model yields more discriminative and relevant features than several existing methods, including filter-based, wrapper-based, or other model-based techniques. In addition, we present analysis and performance comparison with several recent deep convolutional neural network (CNN)-based feature models proposed for hepatic lesion diagnosis. The results show that under the inadequate data scenario, the proposed wavelet radiomics feature model produces comparable, if not higher, performance metrics than the CNN-based feature models in terms of area under the curve.
ZnO/CuSe composite-mediated bandgap modulation for enhanced photocatalytic performance against methyl blue dye
Authors: Mubeen Khalida , Safeen Kashif , Irshad Afshan , Safeen Akif , Ghani Tayyaba , Shah Wiqar H. , Khan Rajwali , Ahmad Khawaja Shafique , Casin Ryan , Rashwan Mohamed A. , Elansary Hosam O. , Shah Attaullah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe removal of toxic dye pigments from the environment is of utmost importance since even trace amounts of these pollutants can lead to harmful impacts on ecosystems. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a potential technique for eliminating microbiological, inorganic, and organic pollutants from wastewater. Here, we report the band gap alteration of ZnO by making its composites with CuSe to enhance photocatalytic activity. The purpose is to develop metal oxide nanocomposites (ZnO/CuSe) as an effective and efficient material for the photodegradation of methyl blue. The photocatalysts, ZnO nanorods, CuSe, and ZnO/CuSe nanocomposites of different weight ratios were synthesized by the simple and cost-effective technique of precipitation. UV–Vis spectra verified that the ZnO/CuSe photocatalyst improved absorption in the visible region. The optical bandgap of ZnO/CuSe nanocomposites reduced from 3.37 to 2.68 eV when CuSe concentration increased from 10 to 50%. ZnO/CuSe composites demonstrated better photocatalytic activity than ZnO when exposed to UV–visible light. The pure ZnO nanorods could absorb UV light and the nanocomposites could absorb visible light only; this was attributed to the transfer of excited high-energy electrons from ZnO to CuSe.
Mediating oxidative stress through the Palbociclib/miR-141-3p/STAT4 axis in osteoporosis: a bioinformatics and experimental validation study
Authors: Ji Jiajia , Wu Shaobo , Bao Xueyuan , Liu Shixuan , Ye Yuxing , Liu Jiayuan , Guo Jinniu , Liu Jiateng , Wang Xi , Xia Zhihao , Wei Liangliang , Zhang Yan , Hao Dingjun , Huang Dageng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis is a common bone disease characterized by loss of bone mass, reduced bone strength, and deterioration of bone microstructure. ROS-induced oxidative stress plays an important role in osteoporosis. However, the biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress are still unclear. We obtained the datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and performed differential analysis, Venn analysis, and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis out the hub genes. Then, the correlation between inflammatory factors and hub genes was analyzed, and a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed on cytokines and osteoporosis outcomes. In addition, “CIBERSORT” was used to analyze the infiltration of immune cells and single-cell RNA-seq data was used to analyze the expression distribution of hub genes and cell–cell communications. Finally, we collected human blood samples for RT-qPCR and Elisa experiments, the miRNA-mRNA network was constructed using the miRBase database, the 3D structure was predicted using the RNAfold, Vfold3D database, and the drug sensitivity analysis was performed using the RNAactDrug database. We obtained three differentially expressed genes associated with oxidative stress: DBH, TAF15, and STAT4 by differential, WGCNA clustering, and Venn screening analyses, and further analyzed the correlation of these 3 genes with inflammatory factors and immune cell infiltration and found that STAT4 was significantly and positively correlated with IL-2. Single-cell data analysis showed that the STAT4 gene was highly expressed mainly in dendritic cells and monocytes. In addition, the results of RT-qPCR and Elisa experiments verified that the expression of STAT4 was consistent with the previous analysis, and a significant causal relationship between IL-2 and STAT4 SNPs and osteoporosis was found by Mendelian randomization. Finally, through miRNA-mRNA network and drug sensitivity analysis, we analyzed to get Palbociclib/miR-141-3p/STAT4 axis, which can be used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. In this study, we proposed the Palbociclib/miR-141-3p/STAT4 axis for the first time and provided new insights into the mechanism of oxidative stress in osteoporosis.
Functionality and mechanistic parametric study of the potential of waste plantain peels and commercial bentonite for soybean oil refining
Authors: Ogbu Annex Ifeanyi , Ovuoraye Prosper Eguono , Ajemba Regina Obiageli , Dehghani Mohammad Hadi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe consumption of unrefined vegetable oil poses acute and chronic health issues, yet improper disposal of waste plantain peels is not environmentally sustainable. This research investigates the feasibility, mechanism and thermodynamics of waste plantain peels, and commercial bentonite clay for soybean oil refining. Experiment was carried out using masses (1–4 g) of commercial bentonite clay, and unripe plantain peel ash (UPPA) to degummed and neutralized free fatty acid (FFA) contents in crude soybean oil at varying temperatures (50–120 °C), and time (15–35 min) for treatment of soybean oil. FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and XRF techniques were applied to characterize the sample. The results established that at optimum 4.0 g dosage, the UPPA (97.73%) was more effective in the removal of FFA from oil at 50 °C and 20 min, while the clay (90%) was more effective in the removal of colour pigment from the vegetable oil 100 °C, and 25 min. The optimum efficiency of Clay-Ash-composite (70:30) in adsorbing pigment from soybean oil corresponds to 80%. The impact of changing viscosities, densities, and acid values on the performance of UPPA, clay, and clay-UPPA composite was investigated. Mechanistic studies confirmed the pseudo-second-order kinetics at 5 × 10–2 g/mg min−1 and 1.87 × 10–1 g/mg min−1, with corresponding adsorption capacity of 30.40 mg/g and 4.91 mg/g, at R2 ≤ 0.9982. The UPPA-driven sorption of FFA occurred as a physisorption and exothermic process (− 620.60 kJ/mol), while colour pigment removal occurred by chemisorption and endothermic process (22.40 kJ/mol). The finding recommends UPPA and composite as economically feasible for refining soybean oil.
Thermal pattern of Tatun volcanic system by satellite-observed temperatures and its correlation with earthquake magnitudes
Authors: Chan Hai-Po , Chan Yu-Chang , Sun Cheng-Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe land surface temperature (LST) of volcanoes detected from satellite sensors reflects the thermal status of heat sources in the subsurface. Volcanic earthquakes occur as magma and volcanic fluids transport to the surface from depth. Thus, both LST and earthquake magnitude are key parameters to the study of active volcanoes. Here we investigate the volcanic status of Tatun Volcanic Group (TVG) based on LST and seismic observations. The Earth-observing satellites onboard thermal sensor derived land surface temperature, and the seismic records retrieved volcanic earthquake magnitude are used to delineate the past and current pattern of volcanic activity plus the future trend of the TVG. The spatiotemporal distribution of LST and volcanic earthquake magnitude in TVG are analyzed. The high-similarity trends of the 4-decade LST time series and 3-decade earthquake magnitude time series are inspected. The retrieved surface thermal pattern shows the non-steady-state nature of the subsurface thermal sources at this volcanic complex. The LST trend exhibits a rather positive correlation with the energy released from volcanic earthquakes and consequently, the presumption on the connection between LSTs and earthquakes is validated.
Was wissen Sie über... „Bürokrankheiten”?
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryLiebe Leser, testen Sie Ihr Wissen und frischen Sie Ihre Kenntnisse auf. Bitte kreuzen Sie jeweils eine Antwort an. Viel Spaß beim Beantworten wünscht Ihnen HP Eva C. Schmid!
Mobilisieren statt Aussitzen
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: November 2023

SummaryDie vorgestellten Bewegungsübungen zielen auf Körperregionen ab, die durch langanhaltendes Sitzen und monotone Tätigkeiten besonders belastet werden. Da nicht jede Variante den Bewegungsapparat jedes Patienten gleichermaßen anspricht, wird ein Spektrum möglicher Übungen vorgestellt, aus dem nach vorheriger Untersuchung individuell ausgewählt wird. Zu den bewährten, im Artikel aufgeführten Übungen zählen Traktionszug Nacken, Spirale, Bogenspanner, Thoraxschraube, Diagonalzug, Drehsitz, Knie-Halte-Technik und Dachstellung Vierfüßlerstand – sie wirken auf mehrere Muskeln gleichzeitig und forcieren weniger die Dehnung eines Muskels, sondern mobilisieren die synergistisch zusammenarbeitenden Muskeln (Muskelkette).
Pedagogical concept and social environment matters: example from parents’ attitudes towards student-learning burden reduction policy and its influencing factors in China
Authors: Li Jian , Xue Eryong , Liu Chang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn many societies, parents’ perceptions play a key role in assessing the quality of education policy implementation, and the student learning burden reduction policy is the most discussed and influential education policy among K-12 education policies in China. However, there are few studies examining parents’ attitudes toward the student learning burden reduction policy and its influencing factors. In this study, we used nationally representative data and public opinion data to identify the factors influencing parents’ attitudes towards the student learning burden reduction policy. The. Hovland’s model of attitude change have been adopted in this study. Using factor analysis and structural equation modeling, we found that, for survey analysis results, a total of 83.2% of parents supported the implementation of student learning reduction policies. Parents’ educational/pedagogical and academic concepts, students’ academic burdens, and parents’ after-school service concepts had significant influences on parents’ attitudes toward the implementation of the student burden reduction policy. Our findings show how the social implicit environment in which parents live can shape their perceptions of the implementation of the student burden reduction policy.
Love, actually
Authors: Leverenz Alaina , Bohanek Jennifer G. , Fivush Robyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Individuals create both personal and culturally shared meaning through narratives; however, sparse research has
explored the specific ways in which individuals might use such cultural narratives in creating meaning from developmentally
important experiences. In this study, we examine how emerging adults narrate positive romantic relationships, both because
emerging adulthood is critical for the development of intimacy and because romantic relationship narratives are pervasive in
cultural media. Thematic analysis of 31 narratives from mostly European-descent students attending a private liberal arts
university in the Southeast US (mean age 19; 16 self-identified females) revealed three major narrative arcs, Love Grows,
Firecrackers and Fairytale, which varied in coherence, coda, and mutuality of the relationship, but
did not differ by gender. Further examination and discussion of these narratives suggest how emerging adults are making sense of
their first romantic relationships in ways that inform efforts to educate and intervene to promote healthy and positive
relationships.
Ground state of Rydberg-dressed Bose gas confined in a toroidal trap
Authors: Wang Lin-Xue , Yang Hong-Li , Liu Hui , Chen Si-Lin , Wang Ya-Jun , Zhang Xiao-Fei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The experimental realization of Rydberg dressing technology in ultracold atomic systems provides another superior platform for studying novel states of matter and macroscopic quantum phenomena. In this work, based on the mean-field theory, we have investigated the ground-state phases of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate with Rydberg interaction and confined in a toroidal trap. The effects of the Rydberg interaction and external potential, especially the Rydberg blockade radius, on the ground-state structure of such a system have been investigated in full parameter space. Our results show that the Rydberg blockade radius, which can be regarded as another controllable parameter, can be used to obtain a variety of ground-state phases. More interestingly, it is found that for weak Rydberg interactions, the Rydberg blockade radius breaks the spontaneous rotational symmetry of the system, leading to the formation of a discrete unit cell structure. For strongly interacting cases, it can be used to realize different orders of discrete rotational symmetry breaking.
On separable states in relativistic quantum field theory
Authors: Sanders Ko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We initiate an investigation into separable, but physically reasonable, states in relativistic quantum field theory. In particular we will consider the minimum amount of energy density needed to ensure the existence of separable states between given spacelike separated regions. This is a first step towards improving our understanding of the balance between entanglement entropy and energy (density), which is of great physical interest in its own right and also in the context of black hole thermodynamics. We will focus concretely on a linear scalar quantum field in a topologically trivial, four-dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetime. For rather general spacelike separated regions A and B we prove the existence of a separable quasi-free Hadamard state. In Minkowski spacetime we provide a tighter construction for massive free scalar fields: given any R > 0 we construct a quasi-free Hadamard state which is stationary, homogeneous, spatially isotropic and separable between any two regions in an inertial time slice

t
=

c
o
n
s
t
.

all of whose points have a distance

>

R

. We also show that the normal ordered energy density of these states can be made

⩽

10

31

m
4

(
m
R

)
8

e

−

1
4

m
R

(in Planck units). To achieve these results we use a rather explicit construction of test-functions f of positive type for which we can get sufficient control on lower bounds on

f
ˆ

.
Geometry induced domain-walls of dipole lattices on curved structures
Authors: Siemens Ansgar , Schmelcher Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate the ground state (GS) properties of rectangular dipole lattices on curved surfaces. The curved geometry can ‘distort’ the lattice and lead to dipole equilibrium configurations that strongly depend on the local geometry of the surface. We find that the system’s GS can exhibit domain-walls separating domains with different dipole configurations. Furthermore, we show how, regardless of the surface geometry, the domain-walls (DWs) locate along the lattice sites for which the (Euclidean) distances to nearest and next-nearest neighbors are equal. We analyze the response of the DWs to an external electric field and observe displacements and splittings thereof below and above a critical electric field, respectively. We further show that the DW acts as a boundary that traps low-energy excitations within a domain.
Using a resource theoretic perspective to witness and engineer quantum generalized contextuality for prepare-and-measure scenarios
Authors: Wagner Rafael , Baldijão Roberto D , Tezzin Alisson , Amaral Bárbara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We employ the resource theory of generalized contextuality as a tool for analyzing the structure of prepare-and-measure scenarios. We argue that this framework simplifies proofs of quantum contextuality in complex scenarios and strengthens existing arguments regarding robustness of experimental implementations. As a case study, we demonstrate quantum contextuality associated with any nontrivial noncontextuality inequality for a class of useful scenarios by noticing a connection between the resource theory and measurement simulability. Additionally, we expose a formal composition rule that allows engineering complex scenarios from simpler ones. This approach provides insights into the noncontextual polytope structure for complex scenarios and facilitates the identification of possible quantum violations of noncontextuality inequalities.