bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences and lessons from structural interventions against COVID-19 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Engdawork Kibur , Amdework Ezana , Assefa Samuel , Ayode Desta , Tadele Getnet 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionFighting pandemics like COVID-19 requires implementing successful structural and behavioral interventions that attempt to change the social and political environments to increase adherence to preventive behavior among community members. However, studying structural interventions implemented during pandemics and their challenges remains to be uncharted territory in developing implemented countries.ObjectivesGiven this, we documented the experiences of implementing such interventions in Ethiopia with the aim of drawing lessons for future efforts to fight similar outbreaks in resource limited and low-income settings.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study between September and October 2021. Data were collected through face to face and telephone interviews from purposefully selected stakeholders from government and private sectors engaged in social interventions to prevent COVID-19. The systematization and the analysis of the data were conducted with MAXQDA 2020 software.ResultsEthiopia implemented structural and social interventions to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. This included: developing national policy and guidelines, mainstreaming COVID-19 interventions to local organizations, implementing capacity development programs, and developing strategies to engage the community, through traditional institutions, in intervention activities. In addition, a mass communication approach was used to deliver risk messages. This yielded a promising result in slowing down the spread of COVID-19 in the capital of Ethiopia-Addis Ababa. On the other hand, competing interests, misconceptions, capacity constraints among professionals and organizations, limited capacity to enforce legislation and lack of motivation for change from the community side affected the implementation and the outcomes of interventions.ConclusionGoing forward, these challenges need to be taken into consideration when designing and implementing structural interventions to contain disease outbreaks effectively. The study highlighted that attempts to withstand pandemic in low- and middle-income settings shall successfully utilize local resources, act swiftly when pandemics outbreak and adjust themselves to the dynamic challenges and limitations of structural interventions.
Subjective well-being of current and former elite athletes in the German armed forces
Authors: Ehnold Peter , Vollmann Franziska , Schlesinger Torsten 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe German military's sports promotion group (SPG) is an entity that aims to minimize the risks inherent in elite sports careers. Risks that manifest themselves, for example, in a lack of financial resources or failed dual careers could undermine the subjective well-being (SWB) of athletes, which can have a negative impact on athletic performance. A differentiated understanding of factors that influence SWB is therefore necessary.MethodsWithin the scope of a survey, a sample of n = 414 current and n = 298 former sports soldiers was generated. Linear regression models (blockwise) were used to analyze the influence of the SPG framework conditions, the influence of top sport-specific factors, and the influence of socio-demographic/socio-economic factors on the SWB of current and former sport soldiers.ResultsCurrent and former sports soldiers showed high satisfaction scores and were also optimistic about the future. Among current sports soldiers, men had higher SWB values. In addition, satisfaction with SPG services, satisfaction with their athletic careers, and satisfaction with their current income all influenced the athletes' SWB. Among former sports soldiers, persons in a stable partnership had higher SWB values. Furthermore, satisfaction with SPG services, a career end that was perceived as involuntary and satisfaction with current income were relevant for SWB in this cohort.DiscussionThis study addresses the call for a more athlete-centered approach in sports science research and the findings have several implications for organized sports to promote SWB in elite athletes.
Comparison of force variables and dynamic strength index between age groups in elite young Brazilian football goalkeepers
Authors: Portella Daniel L. , Jatene Pedro , Da Silva Alex O. , dos Santos Gustavo S. , Monteiro Diogo , Teixeira José E. , Branquinho Luís , Ferraz Ricardo , Forte Pedro 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe application of muscle force is a determinant of football success as it is inherent to the motor control and sport. The aims of this study are: (1) to describe force variables Isometric Maximal Force (IMF), Concentric Peak Force (CPPF), and Dynamic Strength Index (DSI) in football goalkeepers from different age groups; (2) to compare these variables’ behavior between those groups.MethodsThe sample was formed by 19 youth players (15.97 ± 1.55 years old) from a first-division Brazilian football team. The CPPF and IMF variables were obtained through the Countermovement jump and isometric squat tests, respectively. For data collection, a force plate (Cefise, Brazil) was used with an acquisition frequency of 600 Hz and mono-axial. The DSI was calculated using the ratio between CPPF and IMF. For data analysis, the sample was separated into clusters by age. After the grouping, a descriptive analysis of the data and a comparison between the groups with p &lt; 0.05.ResultsThe sample was grouped into three groups (GA, GB, and GC) and one of the individuals did not enter the group, totaling 18 individuals in the analyzed sample. The comparison between the ages of the groups showed a significant difference and small and moderate effect size (ES), validating the cluster strategy. The CPPF and IMF variables showed increased values according to chronological age. CPPF showed a significant difference between GA-GB, (ES = very large) GA-GC (ES = very large), and GB-GC (ES = moderate). The IMF variable had significant differences between GA-GB (ES = moderate) and GA-GC (ES = very large). However, DSI showed significant differences only between GA GB (ES = small) and GB-GC (ES = very large).ConclusionsThe CPPF and IMF variables had constant increases and distinct values with an increase according to age, and this did not occur for DSI. The difference between CPPF and IMF compared to DSI bring to light the variability in dynamics and proportionality between muscular force in the concentric phase and maximal force in the isometric regime during the developmental process over chronological age in soccer goalkeepers.
Trends in Anti-Tumor Effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mannose-Sensitive-Hemagglutinin (PA-MSHA): An Overview of Positive and Negative Effects
Authors: Bozic Dragica , Živanović Jovana , Živančević Katarina , Baralić Katarina , Đukić-Ćosić Danijela 
Published: January 2024

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, for which finding the optimal therapy remains an ongoing challenge. Drug resistance, toxic side effects, and a lack of specificity pose significant difficulties in traditional cancer treatments, leading to suboptimal clinical outcomes and high mortality rates among cancer patients. The need for alternative therapies is crucial, especially for those resistant to conventional methods like chemotherapy and radiotherapy or for patients where surgery is not possible. Over the past decade, a novel approach known as bacteria-mediated cancer therapy has emerged, offering potential solutions to the limitations of conventional treatments. An increasing number of in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the subtype of highly virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium called Pseudomonas aeruginosa mannose-sensitive-hemagglutinin (PA-MSHA) can successfully inhibit the progression of various cancer types, such as breast, lung, and bladder cancer, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma. PA-MSHA inhibits the growth and proliferation of tumor cells and induces their apoptosis. Proposed mechanisms of action include cell-cycle arrest and activation of pro-apoptotic pathways regulated by caspase-9 and caspase-3. Moreover, clinical studies have shown that PA-MSHA improved the effectiveness of chemotherapy and promoted the activation of the immune response in cancer patients without causing severe side effects. Reported adverse reactions were fever, skin irritation, and pain, attributed to the overactivation of the immune response. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge obtained from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies available at PubMed, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov regarding the use of PA-MSHA in cancer treatment in order to further elucidate its pharmacological and toxicological properties.
Dense Water Formation in the North–Central Aegean Sea during Winter 2021–2022
Authors: Potiris Manos , Mamoutos Ioannis G. , Tragou Elina , Zervakis Vassilis , Kassis Dimitris , Ballas Dionysios 
Published: January 2024

The evolution and drivers of dense water formation (DWF) in the North–Central Aegean Sea (NCAeg) during winter 2021–2022 are studied using observations from two Argo floats and the output of an operational data-assimilating model. Dense water with σθ>29.1 kgm−3 was produced over most of the NCAeg, except for the northeastern part covered by Black Sea water (BSW), where the maximum surface density was <29 kgm−3. The highest density waters were produced over the central and southern parts of the Lemnos Plateau and in the shallow coastal areas between Chios Island and the Edremit Gulf. Atmospherically driven transformation to the east of Lesvos Island resulted in the production of waters with anomalously high density and salinity, which flowed inside Skiros Basin, thus partly explaining its historically higher density and salinity compared to the rest of the NCAeg subbasins. The Skiros and Athos Basins were ventilated down to σθ∼29.35 kgm−3 horizons. The 29.1 kgm−3 isopycnal rose by ∼200 m, and the 29.25 kgm−3 isopycnal overflowed above the ∼400 m sill depth filling the southern depressions of the NCAeg. Combining data from Argo floats, vessel casts, gliders, and a fixed-point observatory, the dense water produced in the NCAeg was observed spreading in the deep layer of the Central Cretan Sea for at least one and a half years after the formation. The cyclonic circulation of the newly formed water in the NCAeg has been observed directly for the first time using deep-drifting floats. The Eastern Mediterranean warming and salinification signal has propagated below the NCAeg sill depth. The winter average buoyancy loss was comparable to that of the peak of the Eastern Mediterranean transient (EMT) and other known years of DWF in the NCAeg; however, the high temperature of the upper layers due to long-term warming prevented the widespread formation of denser water.
Comparative Study of a Novel Lateral Flow Rapid Test with Conventional Serological Test Systems for the Diagnosis of Canine Leishmaniosis in Croatia and Brazil
Authors: Mahdavi Rouzbeh , Martinkovic Franjo , Shams-Eldin Hosam , Pereira Ingrid E. , Reis Alexandre B. , Latz Andreas , Heinz Daniela , Aira Cristina , Fresco-Taboada Alba , Abass Elfadil , Romero-Olmedo Jelena , Teixeira Henrique C. , Steinhoff Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

Control of canine infections with Leishmania infantum (L. infantum), a major zoonotic disease in Brazil and southern Europe, is becoming increasingly important due to its close proximity to humans, the increasing import of dogs from endemic regions and the impact of climate change on vector spreading. Simple, rapid and reliable diagnostic tests are therefore needed to detect infected dogs. Here, we re-evaluated different serological methods for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniosis (CanL) in Croatia and Brazil. The diagnostic performance of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and the VetLine® Leishmania ELISA (GSD Frankfurt, Germany) was compared with three rKLi8.3-based diagnostic test systems, the rKLi8.3 ELISA (GSD Frankfurt, Germany), the INgezim® Leishma CROM (GSD Madrid, Spain) lateral flow test (LFT) and the VetBlot® Leishmania LineBlot (GSD Frankfurt, Germany). CanL symptomatic dogs were efficiently diagnosed by all tests, except the VetLine® Leishmania ELISA, which is based on whole Leishmania antigens. The advantage of rKLi8.3 was also observed in oligo- and asymptomatic dogs from Brazil and Croatia, although with reduced diagnostic efficiency compared to symptomatic dogs. Similar to IFAT and rKLi8.3 ELISA, the LFT did not cross-react with other common canine pathogens; it showed very high specificity for healthy dogs from endemic regions in both countries and did not react with healthy, vaccinated dogs in Brazil. In conclusion, serodiagnostic tests based on the rKLi8.3 antigens are superior to whole parasite antigens, and the LFT has the advantage of providing a laboratory-independent, rapid and specific diagnosis of CanL.
Penyuluhan Budidaya Ikan Sistem Bioflok dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Pakan Ikan pada Pengelola Bioflok Ponpes Darul Fallaah Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
Authors: Jumiati Jumiati , Khaeriyah Andi , Maswa Maswa , Nurlianti Nurlianti 
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian ini, untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi Â mitra dalam kegiatan budidaya ikan nila. Â Adapun permasalahan mitra yaitu masih rendahnya pengetahuan dalam budidaya bioflok dan belum tersedia pakan buatan dan mahalnya harga pakan ikan nila sehingga dalam budidaya mitra membeli dengan harga mahal sehingga menjadi penyebab penghambat proses produksi. Alternatif yang dapat dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut yakni melakukan penyuluhan teknik budidaya ikan Â sistem bioflok dan pelatihan pembuatan pakan buatan dengan menggunakan limbah sayur terfermentasi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan melipui koordinasi, diskusi, penyuluhan dan pelatihan serta pendampingan mtira sasaran. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan penyuluhan sistem pengelolaan budidaya ikan nila dengan sistem bioflok dan pendapingan pembuatan pakan ikan yaitu: 1) Pengetahuan diperoleh bahwa sebelum penyuluhan tingkat pengetahuan peserta terbanyak pada tingkat pengetahuan kurang mengetahui dengan jumlah responden 18 orang (72,00%), cukup mengetahui sebanyak 5 orang (20,00%),Â dan sudah paham 2 orang (8,00%). Sedangkan setelah kegiatan penyuluhan diperoleh tingkat pengetahuan yang berbeda yaitu tingkat pengetahuan responden yang sudah mengetahu 23 orang (92,00%), sisa 2 orang yang cukup paham (8,00%) dan tidak ada lagi yang kurang paham; 2) Berdasarkan hasil pre test diperoleh bahwa mitra sasaran 100% belum memiliki pengetahuan terkait cara memanfaatkan dan mengolah limbah sayur untuk dijadikan sebagaiÂ bahan bakuÂ pakan ikan, bagi mitra kegiatan ini merupakan hal yang baru yang belum pernah dilihat dan dikerjakan atau dipraktekkan.Â Hasil post test diperoleh tingkat pengetahuan dan keterampilan mitra sasaran mengalami peningkatan yakni terdapat 20 responden (80,00%) sangat terampil,Â 3 orang (12,00%),Â cukup terampilÂ danÂ Â 2 orang (8,00%) kurang terampil. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan pakan ikan menggunakan limbah sayur terfermentasi berhasil.
RESURF Ga2O3-on-SiC Field Effect Transistors for Enhanced Breakdown Voltage
Authors: Chen Junting , Zhao Junlei , Wei Jin , Hua Mengyuan 
Published: January 2024

Heterosubstrates have been extensively studied as a method to improve
the heat dissipation of GaO devices.
In this simulation work, we propose a novel role for p-type
available heterosubstrates, as a component of a reduced surface field
(RESURF) structure in GaO lateral
field-effect transistors (FETs). The RESURF structure can eliminate the
electric field crowding and contribute to higher breakdown voltage.
Using SiC as an example, the designing strategy for doping concentration
and dimensions of the p-type region is systematically studied
using TCAD modeling. To mimic realistic devices, the impacts of
interface charge and binding interlayer at the
GaO /SiC interface are also explored.
Additionally, the feasibility of the RESURF structure for high-frequency
switching operation is supported by the short time constant (∼0.5 ns) of
charging/discharging the p-SiC depletion region. This study demonstrates
the great potential of utilizing the electrical properties of
heat-dissipating heterosubstrates to achieve a uniform electric field
distribution in GaO FETs.
Efektifitas Edukasi Kesehatan Secara Daring Terhadap Pengetahuan Tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi Pelajar SMK
Authors: Isalena Ni Komang , Dewi Komang Ayu Purnama , Darmayanti Putu Ayu Ratna 
Published: January 2024

Masalah kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja seperti kehamilan diluar nikah dan kehamilan dengan usia terlalu dini dapat muncul karena kurangnya pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan pencegahan kehamilan remaja. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas edukasi kesehatan secara daring terhadap pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi pelajar SMK PGRI Blahbatuh. Penelitian Pre Experimental Design ini menggunakan pendekatan One Group Pretest Posttest Design. Sampel sebesar 118 responden yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dengan teknik sampling Proportionate Simple Random Sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi yang telah dilakukan uji face validity. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji willcoxon. Berdasarkan uji willcoxon menunjukkan hasil yaitu pemberian edukasi secara daring terbukti efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa SMK PGRI Blahbatuh (p-value 0,000). Tenaga kesehatan diharapkan secara konsisten menerapkan metode daring dalam memberikan edukasi kesehatan karena tetap dapat melakukan peran nyata tanpa harus meninggalkan tempat kerja bahkan dapat dilakukan saat dirumah sambal memberikan dampak positif pada remaja.

Reproductive health problems in adolescents such as out-of-wedlock pregnancies and pregnancies at too early an age can arise due to a lack of knowledge about reproductive health and prevention of teenage pregnancy. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of online health education on knowledge about adolescent reproductive health among PGRI Blahbatuh Vocational School students. This Pre Experimental Design research uses a One Group Pretest Posttest Design approach. The sample was 118 respondents who met the inclusion criteria using the Proportionate Simple Random Sampling sampling technique. Data were collected using a reproductive health knowledge questionnaire that had been tested for face validity. Data were analyzed using the Willcoxon test. Based on the Willcoxon test, the results show that providing online education has been proven to be effective in increasing the knowledge of PGRI Blahbatuh Vocational School students (p-value 0.000). Health workers are expected to consistently apply online methods in providing health education because they can still play a real role without having to leave the workplace and can even do it at home while having a positive impact on teenagers.
Kajian penggunaan obat anti emetik pada pasien lnh di ruang one day care RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang
Authors: Nasif Hansen , Sartika Lia , Sari Yelly Oktavia 
Published: January 2024

Pada pengobatan Limfoma Non Hodgkin (LNH) digunakan terapi (Siklofospamid, Doksorubisin, Vinkristin, Prednison). Efek samping dari kemoterapi yaitu mual dan muntah yang dapat menggangu pengobatan dan menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pola penggunaan antiemetik, kesesuaian antiemetik dengan resiko ematogenik obat kemoterapi kombinasi dan hubungan kesesuaian dosis antiemetik dengan skor RINVR (Rhodes Index Nausea Vomiting and Retching). Instrument RINVR terdiri dari 8 pertanyaan terkait durasi, frekuensi, jumlah/volume, stress akibat mual/muntah. Responden pada penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang. Data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara via telepon dan rekam medis pasien. Dari hasil Uji statistik menggunakan uji T independen menunjukkan skor RINVR akut maupun delayed terhadap kondisi responden pasca kemoterapi dalam keadaan mual muntah ringan (0-8). Setelah dilakukan uji normalitas diketahui bahwa semua skor RINVR pasien tidak terdistribusi normal (p<0,05). Pada analisa bivariat, semua hasil analisa secara statistik didapatkan nilai p value >0,05 baik perbandingan rata rata skor RINVR akut maupun delayed. Ini menunjukkan bahwa kemoterapi dengan ematogenik kombinasi masih menyebabkan mual muntah meskipun sudah diberikan antiemetik yang sesuai.
Участь стейкхолдерів у процесі підготовки фахових молодших бакалаврів за спеціальністю 192 «Будівництво та цивільна інженерія» (на прикладі ВСП «Рівненський технічний фаховий коледж Національного університету водного господарства та природокористуванн
Authors: Яцков Микола , Осадча Лариса , Мінаєва Наталія , Ткачук Людмила 
Published: January 2024

У статті висвітлено питання співпраці Відокремленого структурного підрозділу «Рівненський технічний фаховий коледж Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування» зі стейкхолдерами. Зазначено, що ефективність освітнього процесу залежить від урахування закладом освіти інтересів усіх зацікавлених осіб та його здатності до взаємодії зі стейкхолдерами в зовнішньому та внутрішньому освітньому середовищі. Визначено основні напрями щодо реалізації стейкхолдерського підходу у процесі підготовки фахівців зі спеціальності 192 «Будівництво та цивільна інженерія».
Наведено перелік основних стейкхолдерів, з якими співпрацює заклад. Висвітлено питання міжнародної співпраці між означеним вище коледжем та німецькими освітніми й робітничими закладами у сфері дуальної освіти, що дало змогу впровадити таку форму здобуття фахової передвищої та вищої освіти. Схарактеризовано дуальну форму як відносно новий спосіб здобуття освіти, що передбачає поєднання навчання в закладах освіти та в інших суб’єктах освітньої діяльності з навчанням на робочих місцях з метою оволодіння програмними результатами, поглиблення практичних умінь і навичок та набуття певної кваліфікації.
Various Bounds on the Minimum Number of Arcs in a $k$-Dicritical Digraph
Authors: Aboulker Pierre , Vermande Quentin 
Published: January 2024

The dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(G)$ of a digraph $G$ is the least integer $k$ such that $G$ can be partitioned into $k$ acyclic digraphs. A digraph is $k$-dicritical if $\vec{\chi}(G) = k$ and each proper subgraph $H$ of $G$ satisfies $\vec{\chi}(H) \leq k-1$.
We prove various bounds on the minimum number of arcs in a $k$-dicritical digraph, a structural result on $k$-dicritical digraphs and a result on list-dicolouring. We characterise $3$-dicritical digraphs $G$ with $(k-1)|V(G)| + 1$ arcs. For $k \geq 4$, we characterise $k$-dicritical digraphs $G$ on at least $k+1$ vertices and with $(k-1)|V(G)| + k-3$ arcs, generalising a result of Dirac. We prove that, for $k \geq 5$, every $k$-dicritical digraph $G$ has at least $(k-\frac 1 2 - \frac 1 {k-1}) |V(G)| - k(\frac 1 2 - \frac 1 {k-1})$ arcs, which is the best known lower bound. We prove that the number of connected components induced by the vertices of degree $2(k-1)$ of a $k$-dicritical digraph is at most the number of connected components in the rest of the digraph, generalising a result of Stiebitz. Finally, we generalise a Theorem of Thomassen on list-chromatic number of undirected graphs to list-dichromatic number of digraphs.