bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Joule heating and slip on 3D MHD rotating nanoliquid flow with radiation, viscous dissipation, Soret and Dufour effects
Authors: Sivanandam Sivasankaran , Alqurashi Turki J. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of Joule heating, slip conditions, Dufour and Soret effects on three-dimensional magneto-convection of nanoliquid over a rotating surface in the existence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and internal heat generation/absorption.

Design/methodology/approach
The considered physical system is modelled by a set of partial differential equations (PDEs) with conditions at surface. Then, the nonlinear PDEs are altered into a system of ordinary differential equations and they are solved numerically by the Runge−Kutta−Fehlberg method. Plotting the collected velocity, temperature and solute concentration characteristics allows one to see how relevant parameters affect the results. Calculations are made for skin friction and the rate of heat and mass transfer.

Findings
The outcomes are portrayed in the form of tables and graphs with a wide range of parameter involved in the study. It is observed that the local thermal energy transfer rate enriches on increasing the value of both thermal and solute slips. The solutal slip parameter suppresses the solute transport rate and thermal slip supports the solute transport.

Practical implications
Combining the Dufour and Soret effects is used in oil reservoirs, binary alloy solidification and isotope separation in mixtures of gases. Heat exchangers, nuclear reactors and thermal engineering can all benefit from the usage of nanofluid with Joule heating.

Social implications
This study is mainly useful for thermal sciences and chemical engineering.

Originality/value
The investigation of the effects of slip circumstances and Joule heating on magnetohydrodynamic rotating nanoliquid stream with thermal radiation and cross-diffusion makes this work unique. The discoveries produced are valuable and distinctive, and they have applications in many areas of thermal science and technology.
Repurposing diacerein for the treatment of chronic wounds in recessive‐dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patients by modulating matrix metalloproteinase‐9 expression
Authors: Dorfer Sonja , Ablinger Michael , Wimmer Monika , Hummel Julia I. , Ibrahimpašić Selma , Diem Anja , Laimer Martin , Gruner Stefanie , Hofbauer Josefina Piñón , Guttmann‐Gruber Christina , Koller Ulrich , Gratz Iris K. , Bauer Johann W. , Zauner Roland , Wally Verena 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is caused by mutations in COL7A1, leading to loss or dysfunction of type‐VII collagen (C7), a protein essential for skin stability. Clinically, patients suffer from severe skin blistering, chronic or recurrent wounds, and scarring, which predispose to early onset of aggressive squamous cell carcinoma. Previous studies showed that RDEB‐keratinocytes (RDEB‐KC) express high levels of matrix‐metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‐9), a molecule known to play a crucial role in wound chronification if dysregulated. We investigated the potential of diacerein, a small molecule that interferes with the MMP‐9 regulatory pathway, to improve wound healing in a 5‐year old RDEB patient presenting with chronic, generalized skin involvement unresponsive to previous treatment approaches. Upon 4 weeks of topical therapy applied to the patient's back, parents reported a nearly complete wound closure and a significant increase in quality of life. We also provide evidence that diacerein treatment of patient keratinocytes results in a downregulation of MMP‐9 expression, accompanied by a reduction in their ability to degrade a fibrinogen matrix. These data characterize diacerein as a potential candidate for improving wound healing in RDEB through its impact on inflammatory as well as epithelial cells.
The ethics of proximity: Enrolling patients in emergency department hallway beds for suicide research
Authors: Palmer Barton W. , Arias Sarah A. , Dunlap Denise R. , Gould Gwyneth E. , Rahmoun Mhd Basheer , Boudreaux Edwin D. , Nebeker Camille 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundSuicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States. Prior research suggests that 10% of people who died by suicide received some form of emergency department (ED) treatment in the 2 months preceding death. The risk of attempted suicide is high during transition back to the community after discharge from the ED, so this is an important opportunity to develop effective empirically validated prevention methods. However, the physical layout and crowded nature of most contemporary EDs, resulting in high rates of “hallway bed” assignments, presents some ethical challenges to conducting the requisite behavioral health research in ED settings.Methods and ResultsIn this report, we illustrate the clinical/research ethics controversy through the example of a specific ED‐based suicide prevention research protocol, in which the proposed hallway bed recruitment was initially rejected by the institutional review board (IRB) based on concerns about privacy, data confidentiality, and related considerations. Through a consultation process that involved the IRB representatives, the research team (including ethicists), and ED personnel, along with the collection of data to evaluate the risk of compromised confidentiality in hallway bed settings, a viable and ethically grounded approach was reached.ConclusionsThis example illustrates the ethical considerations when enrolling patients who occupy a hallway bed into research and the value of a collaborative/problem solving focused dialogue between investigators, ethicists, and IRB personnel.
Alcohol‐induced liver injury is mediated via α4‐containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in hepatocytes
Authors: Ritzenthaler Jeffrey D. , Ekuban Abigail , Horsman Benjamin , Roman Jesse , Watson Walter H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundOur previous study demonstrated that alcohol induced the expression of the α4 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the livers of wild type mice (WT), and that whole‐body α4 nAChR knockout mice (α4KO) showed protection against alcohol‐induced steatosis, inflammation, and injury. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that hepatocyte‐specific α4 nAChRs may directly contribute to the detrimental effects of alcohol on the liver.MethodsHepatocyte‐specific α4 knockout mice (α4HepKO) were generated, and the absence of α4 nAChR was confirmed through PCR of genomic DNA. Female WT and α4HepKO mice were exposed to alcohol in the NIAAA chronic + binge model. After 10 days on the Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet containing 5% (vol/vol) alcohol or isocaloric maltose‐dextrin, the mice were gavaged with a single dose of alcohol or isocaloric maltose‐dextrin. The mice were euthanized 9 h later and their organs harvested. Additionally, hepatocytes were isolated from WT, α4HepKO, α4floxed, and α4KO mice and exposed to 80 mM alcohol in vitro for 24 h. Steatosis, inflammation, and cell injury were assessed in both liver and isolated hepatocytes.ResultsIn WT mice, alcohol exposure resulted in hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and injury as evidenced by increased liver triglycerides, neutrophil infiltration, and serum concentrations of liver enzymes. All of these responses were markedly lower in α4HepKO mice. mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis (Srebf1, Fasn, and Dgat2) and inflammation (TNFα, Cxcl5, Cxcl1, and Serpine1) were increased in the livers of WT mice exposed to alcohol in vivo and in WT hepatocytes exposed to alcohol in vitro. These changes were not observed in liver or hepatocytes from mice lacking α4 nAChRs.Conclusionsα4 nAChRs expressed in hepatocytes mediate alcohol‐associated hepatoxicity. Therefore, the development of therapeutic strategies targeting hepatocyte α4‐containing nAChRs could help reduce the burden of ALD.
Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery for a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Lower Rectum: A Case Report
Authors: Naito Atsushi , Takahasi Hidekazu , Yoshihara Terukazu , Iwamoto Kazuya , Ohara Nobuyoshi , Matsuda Chu , Noura Shingo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are prevalent in the lower rectum, and the existing literature suggests that transanal interventions are advantageous for anorectal preservation. Herein, we present a case of rectal GIST resection using transanal minimally invasive surgery. A 75‐year‐old woman reported vaginal discomfort and was subsequently diagnosed with GIST via transanal tumor biopsy. Local excision using transanal minimally invasive surgery was performed with an operative duration of 203 min and minimal hemorrhage. No evidence of recurrence was observed at the one‐year postoperative follow‐up.
Fixed dosing of alpelisib for children with vascular anomalies: Can we do better?
Authors: Remy Amandine , Etingin Albert , Gavra Paul , Garcia‐Bournissen Facundo , Essouri Sandrine , Denoncourt Audrey , Tran Thai Hoa , Dubois Josée , Théorêt Yves , Kleiber Niina 
Published: January 2025

Severe forms of vascular malformations (VM) can highly impact patients' quality of life and lead to life‐threatening organ dysfunction. Numerous VM are caused by somatic activating mutations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. Alpelisib, a PIK3CA inhibitor was recently FDA‐approved for paediatric PIK3CA‐related overgrowth syndrome (PROS). However, an empiric and fixed dose of 50 mg was selected, irrespective of weight, in the absence of any pharmacokinetic (PK) data. We aim to report novel alpelisib PK data in children to support dosing decisions.Nine patients with severe VM (PROS: n = 4, other VM: n = 5) were included. Mean age was 10.5 years (SD = 5.2 years), and mean weight was 43 kg (SD = 24 kg). AUC on the fixed dose of 50 mg/day was highly variable (mean = 7035 ng*h/mL, SD = 4057, CV = 58%). AUC was correlated with weight.As short‐ and long‐term adverse effects to alpelisib in children are unknown, a dosing based on PK data is urgently needed.
Imaging Lessons From Multidisciplinary Team Meetings at a Quaternary Referral Center: A Case‐Based Review of Radiology Findings in Complex Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Reghunath Anjuna , Kharabish Ahmed , Radike Monika 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOptimal management of adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) requires a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach, fostering a collaborative culture over an individualistic approach. Within this framework, subspecialty‐trained radiologists provide crucial imaging expertise, supporting cardiologists, surgeons, and interventional cardiologists in diagnoses, treatment planning, and follow‐up evaluations. Advanced imaging tools and a nuanced understanding of surgical and interventional procedures enable radiologists to provide valuable insights to clinicians. In this review, we discuss the structure of ACHD MDT meeting at a quaternary center, briefly review the general principles of interventions in ACHD and the subsequent complications encountered in adulthood, formulate an approach to imaging and reporting such complex repaired cases, and review the key information to be mentioned in the report for further surgery/intervention. In this review, we use the format of eight key take‐home lessons from an MDT management practice in ACHD.
Clinical, Analytical, and Echocardiographic Associations of Impaired Cardiorespiratory Fitness After Anthracycline Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: EPIC Fitness Study
Authors: Tinoco Mariana , Castro Margarida , Pinheiro Luísa , Pereira Tamara , Lourenço Mário , Castro Filipa , Oliveira Liliana , Teixeira Alexandra , Torres Gonçalo , Mota Paula , Cunha Mafalda , Silva Marco Francisco , Sousa Vítor , Saavedra Mariana , Dias Geraldo , Faria Bebiana , Cordeiro Filipa , Fernandes Marina , Mata Emidio , Gomes Joana , Rebelo Joana , Ferreira Daniela , Andrade Rita , Vaz Rita , Oliveira Isabel , Barros Sónia , Sanz Silva , Machado Inocência , Almeida Filipa , Azevedo Olga , Lourenço António 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study explores the effects of anthracycline chemotherapy (AC) on breast cancer patients, focusing on changes in body composition, advanced echocardiographic parameters at rest and during exercise, and biomarkers; and subsequently assesses whether these parameters are associated with impaired cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).MethodsIn this prospective study, we evaluated women with early‐stage breast cancer undergoing AC at three visits: before AC, 1 month after, and 6 months post‐AC.ResultsThe study included 32 women with breast cancer, with functional disability increasing from 9.0% pre‐AC to 43.8% at 1 month and 53.1% at 6 months post‐AC. At 1 month, patients with functional disability exhibited higher rates of cancer therapy‐related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) (85.7% vs. 55.5%) and, during exercise, showed lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), reduced contractile reserve and stroke volume (SV); along with elevated IL‐6, PlGF, and MPO levels. By 6 months, these patients maintained higher CTRCD rates (35.3% vs. 0%), lower SV and cardiac output (CO), reduced global longitudinal strain (GLS), and decreased global work index (GWI). During exercise, they had lower SV; additionally, they exhibited higher MPO levels and increased body and visceral fat. In our multivariable model: age, body fat, resting GWI, exercise LVEF, and CO were independently associated with VO2peak.ConclusionSignificant and persistent CRF reductions are common in breast cancer patients post‐AC. While resting LVEF and GLS were not linked to VO2peak, resting MWI and exercise LVEF and CO were, potentially identifying patients at increased long‐term heart failure risk who would benefit from cardioprotective strategies like cardio‐oncology rehabilitation. It is important to recognize that impaired CRF is multifactorial, as demonstrated by age and body fat being independently associated with VO2peak, and the impact of non‐cardiac factors should be better studied.Our findings highlight the need for further research on CTRCD definition, suggesting that CPET and advanced exercise echocardiography could enhance risk stratification.
Vegetation Types Shift Physiological and Phenological Controls on Carbon Sink Strength in a Coastal Zone
Authors: Wei Siyu , Paytan Adina , Chu Xiaojing , Zhang Xiaoshuai , Song Weimin , Wang Xiaojie , Li Peiguang , Han Guangxuan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe carbon sink function performed by the different vegetation types along the environmental gradient in coastal zones plays a vital role in mitigating climate change. However, inadequate understanding of its spatiotemporal variations across different vegetation types and associated regulatory mechanisms hampers determining its potential shifts in a changing climate. Here, we present long‐term (2011–2022) eddy covariance measurements of the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 at three sites with different vegetation types (tidal wetland, nontidal wetland, and cropland) in a coastal zone to examine the role of vegetation type on annual carbon sink strength. We found that the three study sites are stable carbon sinks and are influenced by their distinct physiological and phenological factors. The annual NEE of the tidal wetland, nontidal wetland, and cropland were determined predominantly by the seasonal peaks of net CO2 uptake, release, and duration of CO2 uptake period. Furthermore, the changes in annual NEE were sensitive to climatic variables, as spring mean air temperature reduced the carbon sink strength in the tidal wetland, maximum daily precipitation in summer reduced it in the nontidal wetland, and summer mean global radiation elicited the same effect in the cropland. Finally, a worldwide database of the three vegetation types was compiled, using which we further validated the global consistency of the biological controls. Overall, these results emphasize the importance of considering the underlying mechanisms by which vegetation types influence NEE for the accurate forecasting of carbon sink dynamics across different coastal vegetation types under climate change.
Mixed responses among closely related Neotropical butterflies under extreme climate and land cover changes
Authors: Oliveira Isabela Freitas , Azevedo Josué , Werneck Fernanda P. , da Silva André Pinto , Cabral Juliano Sarmento , Baccaro Fabricio Beggiato 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although the Neotropics harbour almost half of the world's butterfly species, there are few assessments regarding the potential future suitability of habitats for this important bioindicator in the region. Here, we test if butterfly species restricted to the Amazonia rainforest will be more affected by environmental change than closely related, more widespread species.
We compiled 1149 individually checked observation records of three closely related species pairs with distinct distribution patterns (Amazonian‐restricted and widely distributed in the Neotropics). Using MaxEnt species distribution models, we projected the future habitat suitability (2050 and 2100) under low (SSP126) and high (SSP585) greenhouse gas emission scenarios and also considering reduced forested cover.
Estimated models showed that in the low‐emission scenario, most species will potentially expand their suitable habitats and distributions by 3.7%–11.4% in 2100. Contrastingly, in the high‐emission scenario, most species will potentially lose habitat and distribution ranges by 9.6%–49.7% in 2100, regardless of their original range extent or phylogenetic relatedness. Only one widespread generalist species might benefit from this scenario in 2100, increasing its suitable habitat area by 30%.
Both Amazonian range‐restricted and more widely distributed Neotropical butterflies may be equally negatively affected by global change in high‐emission scenarios. The fact that only one generalist species might expand its suitable habitat suggests a butterfly fauna homogenisation in the Neotropics. This prospect requires further testing to consider whether global change will affect not only restricted but generalist species as well.
Posture, Competitiveness, and Motivation of Korean Language Learners: A Mixed‐Methods Study
Authors: Li Xian , Han Jiying 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTaking Dörnyei's (2005) L2 motivational self system as the theoretical framework, this study investigates the relationships between Korean language learners’ attitudes toward the L2 community, competitiveness, and motivation. Using a mixed‐methods design, data were collected from an anonymous online questionnaire survey with 967 Korean major students at Chinese universities and post‐survey interviews with 17 participants from the survey. The results suggested that the extent to which learners relate themselves to the Korean‐speaking community played a crucial role in the development of their ideal L2 selves. An intercultural friendship orientation, an intergroup approach‐avoidance tendency, and an interest in Korea‐related affairs contributed to an enjoyable learning experience. The increased interest in Korea‐related affairs and competitiveness enhanced learners’ ought‐to L2 selves, while a greater interest in Korea‐related vocations and activities reduced their concern about the expectations of others. These findings provide insights into the motivation to learn the Korean language and thus have pedagogical implications for enhancing learners’ motivation to learn languages other than English in higher education institutions.
From differences to relations: Towards diaspora‐forming processes
Authors: Trzeszczyńska Patrycja , Demel Grzegorz 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlready before the full‐scale Russian aggression on Ukraine, Poland has been a country inhabited by autochthonous Ukrainians and has remained a popular destination for their co‐ethnic migrants from Ukraine. Many research on diasporic collectivities and their mutual relations identify various ‘diaspora segments’ or connections of ‘groups’ and ‘communities’ within the given diaspora. The focal point on intra‐diasporic differences is a kind of deconstruction of the seemingly coherent communities. However, it is based on taking their existence for granted. An attempt to overcome this perspective is focusing on diaspora‐forming processes as a non‐essentialist and processual approach that localizes the diaspora in the sphere of social imaginings and cultural practices. The diaspora‐forming processes concept, which this paper offers drawing on the ethnographic fieldwork among Ukrainians in Poland, helps to trace intra‐diasporic relations (instead of differences), and multiple identifications that create diasporic groups in peoples' minds.
Marginal Gap Distance and Dynamic Fatigue Performance of Esthetic Crowns for Primary Teeth
Authors: Elkhodary Heba M. , Farsi Najat M. , Abdelmeguid Shereen M. , Elbanna Khaled A. , Alshehri Maha R. , Aldajani Mariam B. , Bhadila Ghalia Y. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe growing demand for esthetic restorative materials highlights the need to evaluate their marginal accuracy and fracture resistance to ensure optimal clinical outcomes for primary molars.AimThe aim was to assess the vertical marginal gap distance and fracture resistance of esthetic restorative materials after cyclic loading.DesignForty extracted primary molars were randomly divided into four groups: Group I, stainless steel veneered crowns with tooth‐colored material; Group II, prefabricated monolithic zirconia crowns; Group III, yttria‐partially stabilized zirconia computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns; and Group IV, hybrid ceramic CAD/CAM crowns. A stereomicroscope was used to measure the vertical marginal gap distance. The fracture resistance was then evaluated by applying cyclic loading.ResultsGroup I (1710 μm) exhibited the highest total median vertical marginal gap distance, followed by Groups II, III, and IV (418.3, 341.7, and 86.7 μm, respectively; with an overall statistically significant difference, p < 0.001). Regarding fracture resistance, Group III exhibited the best performance (2018.5 ± 236.0 N), followed by Groups II, IV, and I (1185.4 ± 326.1, 782.8 ± 278.5, and 728.3 ± 247.4 N, respectively). The CAD/CAM crowns exhibited better marginal gap distances than the prefabricated crowns. The CAD/CAM hybrid ceramic crowns exhibited better marginal accuracy than the CAD/CAM zirconia crowns.ConclusionsZirconia crowns showed promising results regarding marginal adaptation, whereas hybrid ceramics showed promising results regarding fracture resistance.