bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penetration of duodenal wall by proximal end of biliary straight plastic stent in a patient with ampullary carcinoma
Authors: Takahashi Koji , Ohyama Hiroshi , Takiguchi Yuichi , Kan Motoyasu , Ouchi Mayu , Nagashima Hiroki , Okitsu Kohichiroh , Ohno Izumi , Kato Naoya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA 70‐year‐old woman presented to our hospital with abdominal discomfort. Gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an ampullary tumor, while a biopsy revealed a pathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. No distant metastases were observed and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection were planned. Shortly thereafter, she developed obstructive jaundice due to the ampullary carcinoma. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, during which a straight plastic stent was placed in the bile duct. The patient was discharged without complications. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was initiated. Two months later, she was readmitted for surgery while asymptomatic. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was scheduled to replace the stent with a nasobiliary drainage tube for the surgery. Endoscopic imaging revealed that the proximal end of the stent had penetrated the duodenum on the oral side of the ampullary carcinoma. The distal end of the stent was grasped with forceps and the stent was successfully removed. A catheter was inserted into the bile duct orifice and cholangiography was performed, which revealed that the distal bile duct and the duodenum had formed a fistula. A guidewire was placed in the bile duct via the papilla and a nasobiliary drainage tube was placed. After endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, the patient exhibited smooth progress without issue. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed on the fourth day after the nasobiliary drainage tube placement, and the patient's postoperative course was uneventful. The proximal end of a biliary stent penetrating the duodenal wall is an infrequent phenomenon. This case report highlights a rare but noteworthy adverse event associated with straight biliary plastic stent placement.
Cutoff scores of the Eating Disorder Examination–Questionnaire for the German population
Authors: Meule Adrian , Hilbert Anja , de Zwaan Martina , Brähler Elmar , Koch Stefan , Voderholzer Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) is one of the most widely used self‐report measures for the assessment of eating disorder (ED) symptomatology. However, proposed cutoff scores that may indicate the presence of an ED have been heterogeneous. Therefore, the current study derived cutoff scores from two large samples: one representative for the German population and one composed of persons with EDs at admission to inpatient treatment.MethodReceiver operating characteristic analysis was used with the EDE‐Q global score as independent variable and group (controls: n = 2519, patients: n = 2038) as dependent variable. These analyses were also conducted separately with the patient group divided into persons with anorexia nervosa (AN; n = 1456), bulimia nervosa (BN; n = 370), and other EDs (n = 212) and after matching groups for age and sex distribution.ResultsThe EDE‐Q global score discriminated well between controls and patients (AUC >91%, sensitivity >.84, specificity >.79). A score of 1.6 discriminated best between controls and patients in general and persons with AN in particular. Optimal thresholds for discriminating between controls and persons with BN and other EDs ranged between scores of 1.8 and 2.4.DiscussionIn the German population, cutoff scores between 1.6 and 2.4 may be used to screen for the presence or absence of an ED or evaluate treatment outcome, with slightly higher cutoff scores for persons with BN and other EDs than for persons with AN.Public SignificanceQuestionnaire scores have little value when it is unclear which scores indicate the likely presence of an ED, as such scores can be used to estimate the prevalence of or screen for EDs in the general population and evaluate outcome at the end of ED treatment. The current study indicates a score around 2 on the EDE‐Q as an optimal threshold for this.
Acceptability of Specialist Psychotherapy with Emotion for Anorexia in Kent and Sussex (SPEAKS): A novel intervention for anorexia nervosa
Authors: Rennick Abigail , Papastavrou Brooks Cat , Singh Basra Randeep , Startup Helen , Lavender Tony , Oldershaw Anna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveInvestigate the acceptability of Specialist Psychotherapy with Emotion for Anorexia in Kent and Sussex (SPEAKS), a novel intervention for anorexia nervosa (AN), conducted as a feasibility trial to provide an initial test of the intervention.MethodsSPEAKS therapy lasting 9–12 months was provided to 34 people with AN or atypical AN by eight specialist eating disorder therapists trained in the model across two NHS Trusts in the UK (Kent and Sussex) during a feasibility trial. All participants were offered a post‐therapy interview; sixteen patients and six therapists agreed. All patient participants were adult females. Interviews were semi‐structured and asked questions around individuals' experience of SPEAKS, the acceptability of the intervention and of the research methods. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsKey areas explored in line with research questions led to 5 overarching themes and 14 subthemes: (1) shift in treatment focus and experience, (2) balancing resources and treatment outcomes, (3) navigating the online treatment environment, (4) therapist adaptation and professional development, and (5) research processes.DiscussionSPEAKS was found to be an acceptable intervention for treating AN from the perspective of patients and therapists. The findings provide strong support for delivery of a larger scale randomized control trial. Recommendations for future improvements, particularly pertaining to therapist understanding of the treatment model are detailed, alongside broader clinical implications.Public SignificanceWe aimed to evaluate the acceptability of a new anorexia nervosa treatment called SPEAKS. Interviews were conducted with patients and therapists involved in the pilot study and responses were analyzed. Results showed that both patients and therapists found SPEAKS to be an acceptable treatment for anorexia nervosa. The study suggests that SPEAKS meets the criteria for moving forward with a larger trial to assess its effectiveness.
Soil nutrient limitation and natural enemies promote the establishment of alien species in native communities
Authors: Xu Yu‐Han , Guo Yu‐Jian , Bai Yan‐Feng , Liu Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Yong‐Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe invasion of alien plant species threatens the composition and diversity of native communities. However, the invasiveness of alien plants and the resilience of native communities are dependent on the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors, such as natural enemies and nutrient availability. In our study, we simulated the invasion of nine invasive plant species into native plant communities using two levels of nutrient availability and suppression of natural enemies. We evaluated the effect of biotic and abiotic factors on the response of alien target species and the resistance of native communities to invasion. The results showed that the presence of enemies (enemy release) increased the biomass proportion of alien plants while decreasing that of native communities in the absence of nutrient addition. Furthermore, we also found that the negative effect of enemy suppression on the evenness of the native community and the root‐to‐shoot ratio of alien target species was greatest under nutrient addition. Therefore, nutrient‐poor and natural enemies might promote the invasive success of alien species in native communities, whereas nutrient addition and enemy suppression can better enhance the resistance of native plant communities to invasion.
Evaluation of probiotics in the treatment of hypothyroidism in early pregnancy combined with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
Authors: Zhang Miao , Xu Yajuan , Sun Zongzong , Ban Yanjie , Zhai Shanshan , Wang Wentao , Wang Mengqi , You Jie , Chen Dongsun , Zhu Shuanghui , Guo Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between hypothyroidism in early pregnancy and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and the effect of probiotics. Patients with hypothyroidism in early pregnancy and normal pregnant women during the same period were included in the methane–hydrogen breath test to compare the incidence of SIBO, smoothed curve fit, and differences in clinical symptoms. For those who combined with SIBO, the rate of clinical symptom conversion, thyroid hormones, and changes in associated inflammatory indexes were compared after 21 days of treatment with probiotics on top of conventional levothyroxine sodium tablets. The results are as follows: (1) The incidence of combined SIBO in patients with hypothyroidism in pregnancy was 56.0%, significantly higher than the 28.0% of normal pregnant women during the same period. (2) The highest value of hydrogen plus methane gas in 90 min in pregnancy hypothyroid patients showed a significant negative correlation with FT4 (p < .001, SD = 0.169). (3) Abdominal distension symptoms were significantly increased in both groups after combined SIBO (p = .036, p = .025), and the conversion rate after treatment was 69.2% and 75.0%, respectively. (4) In hypothyroidism, pregnancy combined with SIBO, TSH, and CRP was higher before treatment (p = .001, p = .012) and decreased significantly after treatment (p = .001, p = .008). Hypothyroidism in early pregnancy is associated with SIBO, and probiotic treatment is significantly effective.
Pseudoaneurysm after arterial reconstruction in kidney transplant nephrectomy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Inoue Kuniaki , Hori Shunta , Tomizawa Mitsuru , Yoneda Tatsuo , Nakai Yasushi , Miyake Makito , Tanaka Nobumichi , Fujimoto Kiyohide 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPseudoaneurysm formation sometimes complicates transplant nephrectomy. We report a case of bleeding from a pseudoaneurysm after transplantation nephrectomy that resulted in shock and emergency endovascular treatment.Case presentationA 56‐year‐old man underwent transplant nephrectomy 3 years and 9 months following transplantation for pyelonephritis‐related infection control. On postoperative day 7, he developed sudden pain in the lower abdomen and subsequently went into shock. A pseudoaneurysm at the anastomosis was detected, and urgent endovascular treatment was performed to stem the bleeding.ConclusionVascular complications, including pseudoaneurysms, following transplant nephrectomy can be life‐threatening, and comprehensive awareness is needed in careful postoperative management.
Impacts of livestock grazing on blue‐eared pheasants (Crossoptilon auritum) survival in subalpine forests of Southwest China
Authors: Chen Xing , Shang Xiao‐Tong , Fan Fan , Zheng Yong , Zhao Lian‐Jun , Sun Hong‐Ou , Li Sheng , Zhang Li 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe degradation and fragmentation of natural habitats, driven largely by anthropogenic activities such as grazing, represent growing concerns in environmental conservation. We examined the impact of grazing activities on the survival of the blue‐eared pheasant Crossoptilon auritum, a ground‐nesting bird endemic to subalpine forests. Using camera‐trapping and artificial nest experiments, we compared two sites in Sichuan, China: Wanglang (high grazing intensity) and Jiuzhaigou (no grazing) national nature reserves. The study, conducted from 2017 to 2021, evaluated habitat suitability changes for these pheasants and examined the impact of grazing on nesting success by conducting a nest predation experiment. The results of our study showed that (1) since the significant increase of free‐ranging livestock post‐2014, the area of most suitable and moderately suitable habitats for blue‐eared pheasants in Wanglang decreased by 14.28% (net loss 15.12 km2); (2) predominant natural predators of the pheasant, such as yellow‐throated martens (Martes flavigula) and leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis), were mostly observed to be spatially distant from livestock; (3) the pheasant's nesting failure rate was 2.18 times higher in Wanglang than in Jiuzhaigou; (4) high‐intensity livestock disturbance correlated with decreased food resources for pheasants, yet resulted in an increased abundance of Coleopteran insects. These results illustrate a complex dynamic: Although forest pheasants, such as the blue‐eared pheasant, may initially benefit from the presence of livestock through increased predator refuge and access to specific food resources, they ultimately face greater risks. These include a significant increase in nest failure rates and remarkable habitat loss and degradation. In light of these results, we advocate for strict control and management of grazing activities inside reserves. Additionally, we recommend the implementation of a systematic monitoring program that focuses on the population dynamics and habitat use of endangered pheasants in Southwest China.
The effect of soil texture, layering and water head on the infiltration rate and infiltration model accuracy
Authors: Berdouki Azizeh Alizadeh , Besharat Sina , Zeinalzadeh Kamran , Cruz Cristina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInfiltration is one of the most important physical characteristics of soil and depends on various factors. This study investigated the influence of soil texture, layering and water head on the soil water infiltration rate. It also selected the most accurate infiltration models to determine the water infiltration rate in homogeneous and heterogeneous soil profiles. Experiments were carried out in four soil containers with a length, width and height of 20 × 20 × 70 cm. Treatments consisted of two soil textures (sandy loam, SL; clay loam, CL), four soil profiles (homogeneous texture, SL and CL; and heterogeneous texture, lighter texture on the top, SL/CL, and heavier texture on the top CL/SL) and three water head sizes (4, 7 and 10 cm). Several models were used to determine the water infiltration rate under homogeneous (Kostiakov, modified Kostiakov, Philip, Horton, traditional Green–Ampt, modified Green–Ampt and HYDRUS‐1D) and heterogeneous soils (traditional Green–Ampt, modified Green–Ampt and HYDRUS‐1D). According to the results, the infiltration rate decreased over time and along the soil profile. Nevertheless, it jumped at the interface of two‐layered soils when the heavier soil was in the bottom layer (SC treatments) due to the high potential of the second layer, and then it decreased. In the reverse layering, the infiltration rate in the interface was lowest (CS treatments) because of the higher hydraulic conductivity of the second layer. Additionally, the infiltration rate increased with increasing water head, but the rate of this increase was higher by changing the water head from 7 to 10 cm. The results of infiltration models showed that the accuracy of these models was higher in clay loam texture than in sandy loam texture. The modified Green–Ampt was the most accurate model in homogeneous and layered soils, with average RMSE of 0.0204 and 0.019, respectively. The Horton model had the weakest simulation in homogeneous soils, with an average RMSE of 0.1299. Additionally, the accuracy of HYDRUS‐1D in layered soils was less than that in homogeneous soils (NS of 0.95 and 0.85, respectively), and its accuracy decreased with increasing water head in most treatments.
Smartphone‐based detection of COVID‐19 and associated pneumonia using thermal imaging and a transfer learning algorithm
Authors: Hoffer Oshrit , Brzezinski Rafael Y. , Ganim Adam , Shalom Perry , Ovadia‐Blechman Zehava , Ben‐Baruch Lital , Lewis Nir , Peled Racheli , Shimon Carmi , Naftali‐Shani Nili , Katz Eyal , Zimmer Yair , Rabin Neta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCOVID‐19‐related pneumonia is typically diagnosed using chest x‐ray or computed tomography images. However, these techniques can only be used in hospitals. In contrast, thermal cameras are portable, inexpensive devices that can be connected to smartphones. Thus, they can be used to detect and monitor medical conditions outside hospitals. Herein, a smartphone‐based application using thermal images of a human back was developed for COVID‐19 detection. Image analysis using a deep learning algorithm revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 88.7% and 92.3%, respectively. The findings support the future use of noninvasive thermal imaging in primary screening for COVID‐19 and associated pneumonia.
Photobiomodulation therapy (red/NIR LEDs) reduced the length of stay in intensive care unit and improved muscle function: A randomized, triple‐blind, and sham‐controlled trial
Authors: Neto Raimundo Pereira Miranda , Espósito Lara Maria Bataglia , da Rocha Francisco Costa , Filho Antônio Anchieta Sousa , Silva Jefferson Hermann Gomes , de Sousa Santos Eulália Caroline , Sousa Bruna Lorena Soares Cavalcante , dos Santos Gonçalves Ketlhen Ravena Rodrigues , Garcia‐Araujo Adriana Sanches , Hamblin Michael R. , Ferraresi Cleber 
Published: January 2024

AbstractContextPhotobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been widely used to improve strength, fatigue resistance and increase muscle mass in healthy individuals. These effects could help critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) who show reduced mobility and muscle strength. ICU‐acquired weakness lessens overall health and increases the patient's length of stay in the ICU.ObjectiveThis study evaluated the effects of PBMT using low intensity light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) on the mobility and muscle strength (functional capacity) and length of stay of patients admitted to hospital ICU.MethodsThis randomized, triple‐blind, sham‐controlled trial was conducted in a hospital ICU. Sixty patients were randomly assigned to two equal groups: (a) PBMT and (b) Sham. PBMT was applied daily to patients until their discharge from the ICU, using a flexible neoprene array of 264 LEDs (120 at 635 nm, 1.2 mW each; 144 at 880 nm, 15 mW each) for 90s (207.36 Joules) at each site. Ten sites were located bilaterally on the thighs, legs, arms, and forearms ventrally and dorsally, 15 min totaling 2,073.6 Joules per session. Outcomes were length of stay (in h) until discharge from the ICU, muscle strength by the Medical Research Council (MRC) score and handgrip dynamometry (HGD), patient mobility by Intensive Care Unit Mobility Scale (IMS) and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS 3) for predicting mortality of patients admitted to the ICU.ResultsPBMT reduced the average length of stay in the ICU by ~30% (p = 0.028); increased mobility (IMS: 255% vs. 110% p = 0.007), increased muscle strength (MRC: 12% vs. −9% p = 0.001) and HGD (34% vs. −13% p < 0.001), and the SAPS3 score was similar (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe results suggest that daily PBMT can reduce the length of stay of ICU patients and increase muscle strength and mobility.
Results from a pilot efficacy trial of a motivational interviewing substance use intervention for Latinx/e youth
Authors: Moreno Oswaldo , Tirado Camila , Avila Melissa , Bravo Adrian J. , Garcia‐Rodriguez Isis , Romo Stephanie , Rodriguez Jennifer , Matos Cristian , Hernandez Cindy , Ramos Mayra S. , Fuentes Lisa , Muñoz Geovani , Gutierrez Daniel , Corona Rosalie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe conducted a pilot feasibility study to examine the efficacy of a culturally adapted Group Motivational Interviewing for Teens–alternative tobacco product (GMIT‐ATP) intervention among Latinx/e youth and whether, including caregivers, improved outcomes (GMIT‐ATP+P). Adolescents (ages 10–16) and their caregivers were randomized to two groups after completing baseline assessments: (1) GMIT‐ATP (N = 23) and (2) GMIT‐ATP+P (N = 32). Youth in both conditions attended three youth‐only sessions, and parents in the GMIT‐ATP+P condition attended three parent‐only sessions. Parents and youth completed measures before randomization, immediately after the intervention, and 3‐month post‐intervention. No significant differences were found when comparing conditions. However, adolescents’ reports of knowledge of the health effects of tobacco and ATP products increased from pre‐ to post‐intervention and remained stable at the 3‐month follow‐up. Culturally enhancing preventive interventions have positive effects within the Latinx/e community, and there is potential for long‐term sustainability.
Transforming energy and water landscapes with MnS2:Ni9S8:Co3S4: A promising paradigm for a sustainable future
Authors: Gul Mahwash Mahar , Ahmad Khuram Shahzad , Thomas Andrew Guy , Tighezza Ammar Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundConsiderable research efforts have been dedicated to comprehensively evaluate the electrochemical and photocatalytic properties of newly synthesized metal sulfides.AimsThis research aims to determine the viability of using metal sulfide, MnS2:Ni9S8:Co3S4 thin film with excellent energy retention capacities and amazing photocatalytic activities.Materials & MethodsSingle source precursor method was utilized for the synthesis of metal sulfide. Furthermore, deposition of thin film was performed through physical vapour deposition route. Detailed characterization was done by using UV‐visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction crystallography and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrochemical investigation was done through cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry while competence of the thin film in degrading various environmental pollutants, including crystal violet dye, fuberidazole and phenol, was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation.Results & DiscussionA crystallite size of 47 nm with 86.5% crystallinity was found along with a 3.4 eV bandgap energy. Round‐edged cubical structures in the composite were seen. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed core level peaks of Mn 2p, Ni 2p, Co 2p and S 2p. A specific capacitance of 590 Fg−1 was observed from the electrochemical analysis showing the presence of electroactive sites that allow for effective electrochemical processes. After 60 minutes of exposure to the thin film, phenol showed the slowest rate of degradation, whereas crystal violet and fuberidazole showed significant percentages of deterioration.ConclusionThe findings highlight MnS2:Ni9S8:Co3S4 thin film's adaptability as viable compound for addressing the critical concerns of storing energy, production, and environmental cleanup. These significant findings highlight the versatility of tri‐metal sulfide thin films, opening up avenues for further research and technological advancements.
Application of the aza‐Wittig reaction for efficient synthesis of diversely substituted benzo[f]Chromeno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine and benzo[f]chromeno[2,3‐d][1,2,4]triazolopyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Hassan Mohamed , Barsy Magda A. , El Rady Eman A. , Al‐Ayed Abdullah Sulaiman , Frempong Mona , Sadek Kamal U. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of novel benzo[f]Chromeno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine and unknown benzo[f]chromeno[2,3‐d][1,2,4]triazolopyrimidine derivatives is described utilizing ethyl‐2‐amino‐4‐phenyl‐4H‐benzo[f]chromene‐3‐carboxylate as precursor via aza‐Wittig reaction. The process proved to be simple, high‐yielding, and efficient.