bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expert opinion and public support of genetically modified food policy: Does deficit model work in China?
Authors: Shao Li , Ieong Meng U. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo what extent do expert opinions affect public opinion in policy making? While most existing studies were conducted in democracies, experts' influence under authoritarian settings is still understudied. This paper examines how expert opinion and vocational affiliation influence public attitudes toward genetically modified (GM) food in China. Through a survey experiment with over 1600 respondents, we find that experts' endorsement can increase policy support for GM food but that their opposition exerts no influence. Different vocational affiliations do not generate significantly different effects, although endorsement from foreign experts has larger effects than endorsement from domestic counterparts, who have closer connections with the Chinese government. We finally discuss the policy implications of expert involvement in policy making and promoting GM food in China based on the above findings.
Co‐precipitation of primary dolomite and Mg‐rich clays in Deep Springs Lake, California
Authors: Hobbs Franklin W. C. , Fang Yihang , Lebrun Noah , Yang Yiping , Xu Huifang 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTIn contrast to the prevalence of dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2] in the geological record, there are few instances of recent formation. This discrepancy occurs despite supersaturation with respect to dolomite in many modern marine and lacustrine environments. Additionally, laboratory experiments have struggled to precipitate dolomite at ambient temperatures (<40°C) even under highly saturated conditions. However, recent work has found dissolved silica to be an effective catalyst for the direct precipitation of dolomite. To test this hypothesis, the hydrology and mineralogy of Deep Springs Lake, a playa setting with primary dolomite precipitation has been explored. In this study, the central playa sites with the highest sedimentation rates were found to have dissolved silica concentrations close to saturation. Rietveld refinement showed that bulk mineral assemblages of core samples contain 20 to 40% fine‐grained, partially ordered dolomite along with a 10 to 20% poorly crystalline clay fraction, while transmission electron microscopy imaging found a co‐precipitation relationship between the fine‐grained dolomite and Mg‐rich smectite clays, where the Mg‐rich smectite clays act as a sink for the excess dissolved silica during evaporation. Transmission electron microscopy results indicate that the nanodolomite crystals formed through surface‐induced nucleation and growth processes in the presence of dissolved silica as a catalyst. The broad coincidence of conditions for the direct precipitation of dolomite and Mg‐rich smectite clays provides evidence that silica may be a key to the dolomite problem, as well as constraining palaeoenvironments such as the Pre‐salt Barra Velha Formation.
The second variation of the Hodge norm and higher Prym representations
Authors: Marković Vladimir , Tošić Ognjen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLet denote a rational cohomology class, and let denote its Hodge norm. We recover the result that is a plurisubharmonic function on the Teichmüller space , and characterize complex directions along which the complex Hessian of vanishes. Moreover, we find examples of such that is not strictly plurisubharmonic. As part of this construction, we find an unbranched covering such that the subgroup of generated by lifts of simple curves from is strictly contained in . Finally, combining the characterization theorem with the Riemann–Roch, and the Li–Yau [Invent. Math. 69 (1982), no. 2, 269–291] gonality estimate, we show that geometrically uniform covers of satisfy the Putman–Wieland Conjecture about the induced Higher Prym representations.
An Investigation Into the Grinding Characteristics and Wear Evolution of Micro-Elastic Composite Grinding Pads
Authors: Tsai Feng-Che 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a novel micro-elastic composite grinding pad for material removal. The study also developed a new grinding wear formula grounded in microcontact mechanics, which is crucial in examining the evolution of interface characteristics under optimal parameter combinations. The results showed that the material removal rate (MRR), reduction of roughness height (σ), and peak curvature radius (ρ) increase were the highest in the initial stage, followed by a slight increase in the real-contact area in the second stage. This research suggests that abrasive particles primarily detach from the elastic pad in the second stage. The plasticity index (ψ) decreases during grinding, which suggests a transition from an elastic–plastic mixed contact interface to a predominantly elastic contact interface. This shift in the interface mechanics explains the gradual reduction in wear at the grinding interface. Both the plasticity index and the MRR are consistent throughout the grinding process. However, the plasticity index is a more effective index of interface wear than the conventional H/E ratio because it considers the surface roughness’s shape and size, which is essential in mild grinding operations. The findings of this study can be used to improve the design and performance of micro-elastic composite grinding pads and to optimize the grinding process for improved efficiency and sustainability.
Structure Synthesis of 3-DOF Translational Parallel Mechanisms With Configurable Platform of Translation
Authors: Zhang Jingyao , Yao Jiantao , Zhang Hongyu , Guo Jiawei , Zhang Shuai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The parallel mechanisms (PMs) with configurable platforms have the advantages of flexibility, high speed, and extra operability over PMs with common platforms. This paper proposes a systematic approach for synthesizing three-degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF) translational parallel mechanisms with configurable platforms of one translation DOF (TPMs-T) based on the finite screw. The motion relationship between the configurable platform and limbs is discussed to achieve the motion requirement of the TPMs-T limbs. The equivalence principle of kinematic joints is further pinpointed, and a series of lower mobility limbs have been developed. At last, the geometric relationship of assembly conditions is derived which can contribute to quickly solving the intersection of limb motions, a series of TPMs-T are constructed to verify the assembly conditions, and the fully controlled condition is discussed.
Ecology- and genome-based identification of the
Bifidobacterium adolescentis
prototype of the healthy human gut microbiota
Authors: Argentini Chiara , Lugli Gabriele Andrea , Tarracchini Chiara , Fontana Federico , Mancabelli Leonardo , Viappiani Alice , Anzalone Rosaria , Angelini Leonora , Alessandri Giulia , Bianchi Massimiliano G. , Taurino Giuseppe , Bussolati Ovidio , Milani Christian , van Sinderen Douwe , Turroni Francesca , Ventura Marco 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Bifidobacteria are among the first microbial colonizers of the human gut, being frequently associated with human health-promoting activities. In the current study, an
in silico
methodology based on an ecological and phylogenomic-driven approach allowed the selection of a
Bifidobacterium adolescentis
prototype strain, i.e.,
B. adolescentis
PRL2023, which best represents the overall genetic content and functional features of the
B. adolescentis
taxon. Such features were confirmed by
in vitro
experiments aimed at evaluating the ability of this strain to survive in the gastrointestinal tract of the host and its ability to interact with human intestinal cells and other microbial gut commensals. In this context, co-cultivation of
B. adolescentis
PRL2023 and several gut commensals revealed various microbe-microbe interactions and indicated co-metabolism of particular plant-derived glycans, such as xylan.

IMPORTANCE

The use of appropriate bacterial strains in experimental research becomes imperative in order to investigate bacterial behavior while mimicking the natural environment. In the current study, through
in silico
and
in vitro
methodologies, we were able to identify the most representative strain of the
Bifidobacterium adolescentis
species. The ability of this strain,
B. adolescentis
PRL2023, to cope with the environmental challenges imposed by the gastrointestinal tract, together with its ability to switch its carbohydrate metabolism to compete with other gut microorganisms, makes it an ideal choice as a
B. adolescentis
prototype and a member of the healthy microbiota of adults. This strain possesses a genetic blueprint appropriate for its exploitation as a candidate for next-generation probiotics.
Advancements and challenges in antifungal therapeutic development
Authors: Puumala Emily , Fallah Sara , Robbins Nicole , Cowen Leah E. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Over recent decades, the global burden of fungal disease has expanded dramatically. It is estimated that fungal disease kills approximately 1.5 million individuals annually; however, the true worldwide burden of fungal infection is thought to be higher due to existing gaps in diagnostics and clinical understanding of mycotic disease. The development of resistance to antifungals across diverse pathogenic fungal genera is an increasingly common and devastating phenomenon due to the dearth of available antifungal classes. These factors necessitate a coordinated response by researchers, clinicians, public health agencies, and the pharmaceutical industry to develop new antifungal strategies, as the burden of fungal disease continues to grow. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the new antifungal therapeutics currently in clinical trials, highlighting their spectra of activity and progress toward clinical implementation. We also profile up-and-coming intracellular proteins and pathways primed for the development of novel antifungals targeting their activity. Ultimately, we aim to emphasize the importance of increased investment into antifungal therapeutics in the current continually evolving landscape of infectious disease.
Caffeic acid activates mitochondrial UPR to resist pathogen infection in
Caenorhabditis elegans
via the transcription factor ATFS-1
Authors: Xiao Yi , Hong Cao-an , Liu Fang , Shi Dandan , Zhu Xinting , Yu Changyan , Jiang Nian , Li Sanhua , Liu Yun 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Mitochondria play roles in the resistance of
Caenorhabditis elegans
against pathogenic bacteria by regulating mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR
mt
). Caffeic acid (CA) (3,4-dihydroxy cinnamic acid) is a major phenolic compound present in several plant species, which exhibits biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-fibrosis, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. However, whether caffeic acid influences the innate immune response and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains unknown. In this study, we find that 20 µM caffeic acid enhances innate immunity to resist the Gram-negative pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
infection in
C. elegans
. Meanwhile, caffeic acid also inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, caffeic acid promotes host immune response by reducing the bacterial burden in the intestine. Through genetic screening in
C. elegans
, we find that caffeic acid promotes innate immunity via the transcription factor ATFS-1. In addition, caffeic acid activates the UPR
mt
and immune response genes for innate immune response through ATFS-1. Our work suggests that caffeic acid has the potential to protect patients from pathogen infection.
N6-methyloxyadenine-mediated detoxification and ferroptosis confer a trade-off between multi-fungicide resistance and fitness
Authors: Zhang Borui , Wang Zhiwen , Zhang Sicong , Zhong Shan , Sun Ye , Liu Xili 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Multi-fungicide resistance (MFR) is a serious environmental problem, which results in the excessive use of fungicides. Fitness penalty, as a common phenomenon in MFR, can partially counteract the issue of resistance due to the weakened vigor of MFR pathogens. Their underlying mechanism and relationship remain unexplained. By Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing and dot blot, we found that N6-methyloxyadenine (6mA) modification, the dominate epigenetic marker in
Phytophthora capsici
, was significantly altered after MFR emerged. Among the differently methylated genes,
PcGSTZ1
could efficiently detoxify SYP-14288, a novel uncoupler, through complexing the fungicide with glutathione and induce MFR. Interestingly,
PcGSTZ1
overexpression was induced by elevated 6mA levels and chromatin accessibility to its genomic loci. Moreover, the overexpression led to reactive oxygen species burst and ferroptosis in SYP-14288-resistant mutants, which enhanced the resistance and induced fitness penalty in
P. capsici
through triggering low energy shock adaptive response. Furthermore, this study revealed that the 6mA-PcGSTZ1-ferroptosis axis could mediate intergenerational resistance memory transmission and enabled adaptive advantage to
P. capsici
. In conclusion, the findings provide new insights into the biological role of 6mA as well as the mechanisms underlying the trade-off between MFR and fitness. These could also benefit disease control through the blockade of the epigenetic axis to resensitize resistant isolates.

IMPORTANCE

N6-methyloxyadenine (6mA) modification on DNA is correlated with tolerance under different stress in prokaryotes. However, the role of 6mA in eukaryotes remains poorly understood. Our current study reveals that DNA adenine methyltransferase 1 (DAMT1)-mediated 6mA modification at the upstream region of GST zeta 1 (GSTZ1) is elevated in the resistant strain. This elevation promotes the detoxification uncoupler and induces multifungicide resistance (MFR). Moreover, the overexpression led to reactive oxygen species burst and ferroptosis in SYP-14288-resistant mutants, which enhanced the resistance and induced fitness penalty in
Phytophthora capsici
through triggering low energy shock adaptive response. Furthermore, this study revealed that the 6mA-PcGSTZ1-ferroptosis axis could mediate intergenerational resistance memory transmission and enabled adaptive advantage to
P. capsici
. Overall, our findings uncover an innovative mechanism underlying 6mA modification in regulating PcGSTZ1 transcription and the ferroptosis pathway in
P. capsici
.
Complete genome of
Escherichia
phages Carena and JoYop
Authors: Addablah Audrey A. , Ngazoa-Kakou Solange E. , Adioumani Emmanuella A. , Labrie Simon J. , Tremblay Denise M. , Gunathilake Damitha , Moineau Sylvain 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Escherichia
phages Carena and JoYop were isolated from water samples in Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire). Their genomes comprise 39,283 and 169,193 bp, encoding 44 and 246 predicted genes, respectively. Carena shares 93.4% nucleotide identity with
Escherichia
podophage CarlSpitteler (
Berlinvirus
), and JoYop shows 95.6% identity with
Escherichia
myophage ADUt (
Tequatrovirus
).
Formation of a dome-and-basin fold interference pattern by granite intrusions
Authors: Rosenbaum Gideon , Barrett Alana , Rodrigues Raiza Toledo , Allen Charlotte M. , Weinberg Roberto F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Folding of layered sequences is influenced by the presence of igneous intrusions, which form competent bodies that control fold distribution. Here, we show an example from the Broken River Province (northeastern Australia), where macroscopic folding affected sedimentary rocks and felsic intrusions, forming a dome-and-basin pattern. Field relations indicate synkinematic emplacement of the granitic intrusions, which occur as folded sill-like microgranitic bodies, mildly deformed stocks at structural domes, and undeformed granite that cuts across the folded sedimentary sequence. U-Pb zircon ages from the various intrusions yielded an age range of 335–320 Ma, thus constraining the timing of folding. The deformed zone is restricted to an ~30-km-wide corridor bounded by two crustal-scale shear zones. Kinematic indicators show that folding was generated by dextral transpression, giving rise to the dominant orientation of folds. Domes and basins are generally concentrated in the proximity of the granitic intrusions, indicating that their development was likely controlled by the synkinematic emplacement of these plutons. The volume of granite added to the exposed section could have altered the local strain regime, switching the horizontal stretching direction during transpression to a shortening direction. We therefore suggest that forced intrusion of synkinematic plutons into a confined transpressional zone (dominated by flattening strain) can create local constrictional strain where shortening occurs in two broadly orthogonal horizontal directions. The results demonstrate a link between Carboniferous granitic dome-and-basin patterns and syn-transpressional magmatism. It is plausible that similar processes were responsible for the development of granitic dome-and-basin patterns in Archean terranes.
Supplemental Material: Recognizing big mantle wedges in deep time: Constraints from the Western Mongolia Collage in Central Asia
Authors: Cui Xing , Zhao Guochun , al. et 
Published: January 2024

<p>Methods and data set; supplementary data on detrital zircon age, magmatic activity, and metamorphic deformation history of the Western Mongolia Collage; Figures S1–S4 and Tables S1–S7. </p>
Publishers’ and journals’ instructions to authors on use of generative artificial intelligence in academic and scientific publishing: bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ganjavi Conner , Eppler Michael B , Pekcan Asli , Biedermann Brett , Abreu Andre , Collins Gary S , Gill Inderbir S , Cacciamani Giovanni E 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the extent and content of academic publishers’ and scientific journals’ guidance for authors on the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI).DesignCross sectional, bibliometric study.SettingWebsites of academic publishers and scientific journals, screened on 19-20 May 2023, with the search updated on 8-9 October 2023.ParticipantsTop 100 largest academic publishers and top 100 highly ranked scientific journals, regardless of subject, language, or country of origin. Publishers were identified by the total number of journals in their portfolio, and journals were identified through the Scimago journal rank using the Hirsch index (H index) as an indicator of journal productivity and impact.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were the content of GAI guidelines listed on the websites of the top 100 academic publishers and scientific journals, and the consistency of guidance between the publishers and their affiliated journals.ResultsAmong the top 100 largest publishers, 24% provided guidance on the use of GAI, of which 15 (63%) were among the top 25 publishers. Among the top 100 highly ranked journals, 87% provided guidance on GAI. Of the publishers and journals with guidelines, the inclusion of GAI as an author was prohibited in 96% and 98%, respectively. Only one journal (1%) explicitly prohibited the use of GAI in the generation of a manuscript, and two (8%) publishers and 19 (22%) journals indicated that their guidelines exclusively applied to the writing process. When disclosing the use of GAI, 75% of publishers and 43% of journals included specific disclosure criteria. Where to disclose the use of GAI varied, including in the methods or acknowledgments, in the cover letter, or in a new section. Variability was also found in how to access GAI guidelines shared between journals and publishers. GAI guidelines in 12 journals directly conflicted with those developed by the publishers. The guidelines developed by top medical journals were broadly similar to those of academic journals.ConclusionsGuidelines by some top publishers and journals on the use of GAI by authors are lacking. Among those that provided guidelines, the allowable uses of GAI and how it should be disclosed varied substantially, with this heterogeneity persisting in some instances among affiliated publishers and journals. Lack of standardization places a burden on authors and could limit the effectiveness of the regulations. As GAI continues to grow in popularity, standardized guidelines to protect the integrity of scientific output are needed.
Effect of vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E and folic acid in adults with essential hypertension: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Qi Shangwen , Luo Xu , Liu Shuangfang , Ling Bishi , Si Meilong , Jin Hua 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThe objective of the current study is to compare the treatment effects of different vitamins on essential hypertension to provide an initial basis for developing evidence-based practices.DesignSystematic review and network meta-analysis.Data sourcesFive electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched from their inception to 25 September 2023.OutcomesThe primary outcomes were the difference between the intervention group and the control group in changes in office systolic blood pressure (SBP) and office diastolic blood pressure (DBP) from baseline. The secondary outcomes were the difference between the intervention group and the control group in changes in 24-hour mean ambulatory systolic blood pressure (24 hours SBP), 24-hour mean ambulatory diastolic blood pressure (24 hours DBP) and heart rate (HR) from baseline.ResultsA total of 23 studies comparing five vitamins (vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, folic acid) and involving 2218 participants were included. The included trials were all vitamin versus placebo, so the network was star-shaped. Among the five vitamins, only vitamin E was significantly more effective at reducing SBP (mean difference: −14.14 mm Hg, 95% credible intervals: −27.62 to –0.88) than placebo. In addition, no evidence was found that any of the five vitamins influenced DBP, 24 hours SBP, 24 hours DBP, or HR. The dose of vitamins, geographical region and percentage of males (only SBP) might be sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis revealed that the effect of vitamin intervention on blood pressure varies according to different doses of vitamins.ConclusionsAccording to the results, vitamin E might be an effective measure to reduce SBP, but more research is needed to validate this finding.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022352332.