bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and severity of exercise‐induced pulmonary hemorrhage in 2‐year‐old Thoroughbred racehorses and its relationship to performance
Authors: Shoemaker Sierra , Wang Yuan , Sellon Debra , Gold Jenifer , Fisher Allison , Bagshaw Julia , Leguillette Renaud , Sanz Macarena , Bayly Warwick 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle has been reported regarding the prevalence and severity of exercise‐induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) in 2‐year‐old Thoroughbred racehorses.ObjectivesEvaluate EIPH prevalence and severity and its association with performance, speed index, furosemide administration, race distance, and track surface.AnimalsA total of 830 2‐year‐old Thoroughbreds.MethodsProspective blinded observational study. Videoendoscopy was performed 30 to 60 minutes postrace at 15 American racetracks. Three blinded observers independently assigned an EIPH grade (0‐4) to each video, and prevalence and severity of EIPH were determined. Relationships of EIPH grade to performance, speed index, race distance, track surface, and prerace administration of furosemide were evaluated using Pearson's chi‐squared test for categorical variables and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for numerical variables. Multivariable logistic regression assessed relationships between EIPH prevalence and severity, respectively, and the aforementioned independent variables. A P < .05 was considered significant.ResultsA total of 1071 tracheoendoscopies were recorded. The EIPH prevalence was 74% and for EIPH grade ≥3 was 8%. Speed index (P = .02) and finishing place (P = .004) were lower with EIPH ≥3. The EIPH prevalence and severity were lower at 2 tracks where postrace tracheoendoscopy was mandatory rather than voluntary (P < .001). Probability of observing EIPH was negatively associated with speed index (P = .01) at tracks where postrace tracheoendoscopy was mandatory. Prerace furosemide administration decreased the probability of EIPH occurrence (P = .007) and severity (P = .01) where study participation was voluntary.Conclusions and Clinical ImportancePrevalence and severity of EIPH in 2‐year‐old racehorses were consistent with that of older racehorses. An EIPH grade ≥3 was associated with decreased performance. Prerace furosemide administration was associated with a decreased likelihood, but not severity, of EIPH at most tracks.
Serial monitoring of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, C‐reactive protein, abdominal ultrasonography, and clinical severity in dogs with suspected pancreatitis
Authors: Mitchell Leslie , Wang Sichao , Lawver Jody , Cridge Harry 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosis of pancreatitis is based on clinical signs, pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI), and abdominal ultrasonography (AUS). Diagnostic discrepancies exist between test results which might be related to differences in the timeline for resolution of these abnormalities after pancreatic injury.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate disease severity, ultrasonographic findings, and serum biomarkers of pancreatitis in dogs over a period of 28‐days.AnimalsSixteen client‐owned dogs with a clinical suspicion for acute pancreatitis based on history/physical examination, an abnormal SNAP cPLI, and ultrasonographic evidence of pancreatitis.MethodsProspective observational study. Clinical severity (modified clinical activity index [MCAI]), cPLI, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and AUS were evaluated at days 0, 2, 7, and 28. Owner assessed overall health (OH) was noted. Dogs were stratified into baseline cPLI ≥400 μg/L vs <400 μg/L groups for reporting.ResultsThe median CRP, MCAI, and OH were 111.9 mg/L, 10, and 4/10 respectively in the cPLI ≥400 μg/L group. The median CRP, MCAI, and OH were 58.0 mg/L, 6, and 6/10 respectively in the cPLI <400 μg/L group. None of these variables were significantly different between groups. Most dogs (4/5) in the cPLI <400 μg/L group had a history of suspected pancreatitis (ie, suspect acute on chronic disease). cPLI and MCAI rapidly decreased in dogs with a baseline cPLI ≥400 μg/L, whereas sonographic evidence of pancreatitis persisted for a longer time period.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUltrasonographic evidence of pancreatitis in the absence of overt clinical or biochemical abnormalities might represent a resolving injury rather than active disease.
Characterization of lymphocyte‐rich hepatocellular carcinoma and the prognostic role of tertiary lymphoid structures
Authors: Ahn Bokyung , Ahn Hee‐Sung , Shin Jinho , Jun Eunsung , Koh Eun‐Young , Ryu Yeon‐Mi , Kim Sang‐Yeob , Sung Chang Ohk , Shim Ju Hyun , Hong JeongYeon , Kim Kyunggon , Kang Hyo Jeong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground & AimsLymphocyte‐rich hepatocellular carcinoma (LR‐HCC) is largely unknown and a rare subtype of HCC with immune‐rich stroma. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), frequently observed in LR‐HCC, are known to be prognostically significant in various malignancies; however, their significance in HCC remains unevaluated.MethodsClinicopathologic data of 191 cases of surgically resected conventional HCC (C‐HCC, n = 160) and LR‐HCC (n = 31) were retrieved. Immunohistochemistry, multiplex immunofluorescence staining, RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis were conducted. Differences between the subtypes were statistically evaluated.ResultsLR‐HCC was significantly correlated to larger tumour size, higher Edmondson–Steiner grade, presence of TLS and higher CD3‐, CD8‐ and FOXP3‐positive T cell, high PD‐1 and PD‐L1 expression (p < .001 for all) compared to C‐HCC. Patients with LR‐HCC exhibited significantly better overall survival (OS) (p = .044) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) (p = .025) than C‐HCC. LR‐HCC demonstrated TLS signatures with significantly higher proteomic‐based immune scores in 14 of 17 types of tumour‐infiltrating immune cells. Furthermore, C‐HCC with secondary follicles, the most mature form of TLS, exhibited significantly better OS (p = .031) and RFS (p = .033) than those without. Across the global proteome, LR‐HCC was well‐differentiated from C‐HCC and a map of protein–protein interactions between tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes and HCC in tumour microenvironment was completed.ConclusionLR‐HCC is clinicopathologically and molecularly distinct and shows better prognosis compared to C‐HCC. Also, the presence of secondary follicle can be an important prognostic marker for better prognosis in both LR‐HCC and C‐HCC.
Menthacarin treatment attenuates nociception in models of visceral hypersensitivity
Authors: Omoloye Adesina , Weisenburger Sabrina , Lehner Martin D. , Gronier Benjamin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic visceral hypersensitivity is closely associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a very common disorder which significantly impairs quality of life, characterized by abdominal pain, and distension. Imaging studies have found that IBS patients show higher metabolic activities and functional differences from normal controls in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), in response to visceral pain stimulation. Non‐clinical data and clinical data suggest that medicinal products containing essential oils such as peppermint or caraway oil exert beneficial effects on IBS symptoms.MethodsWe assessed acute and long‐term treatment effects of a mixture of peppermint and caraway essential oils (Menthacarin) on brain electrophysiological markers of gut pain sensitivity in two rat models of visceral hypersensitivity.Key ResultsChronic administration of corticosteroids and acute repeated mechanical hyperstimulation under anesthesia induced hyperalgesia and hypersensitivity, characterized by an increase in electrophysiological excitatory responses of ACC neurons to colorectal distension (CRD) and an increase in the proportion of neurons responding to otherwise subthreshold stimulation, respectively.Long‐term, but not acute, oral administration of Menthacarin (60 mg kg−1 day−1) significantly reduced the net excitatory response to CRD in normally responsive control animals and counteracted the development of visceral hyperalgesia and hypersensitivity induced by repeated corticosterone administration and acute mechanical stimulation.Conclusions & InferencesThe present study shows that, using the CRD method, chronic Menthacarin administration at a clinically relevant dose attenuates the neuronal discharge associated with visceral pain stimuli in the rat ACC, particularly in models of hypersensitivity, suggesting a potential for treating exaggerated visceral pain sensitivity.
Programmable RNA N6‐methyladenosine editing with CRISPR/dCas13a in plants
Authors: Shi Chuanlin , Zou Wenli , Liu Xiangpei , Zhang Hong , Li Xiaofang , Fu Guiling , Fei Qili , Qian Qian , Shang Lianguang 
Published: February 2024

SummaryN6‐methyladenonsine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) and plays critical roles in mRNA processing and metabolism. However, perturbation of individual m6A modification to reveal its function and the phenotypic effects is still lacking in plants. Here, we describe the construction and characterization of programmable m6A editing tools by fusing the m6A writers, the core catalytic domain of the MTA and MTB complex, and the AlkB homologue 5 (ALKBH5) eraser, to catalytically dead Cas13a (dCas13a) to edit individual m6A sites on mRNAs. We demonstrated that our m6A editors could efficiently and specifically deposit and remove m6A modifications on specific RNA transcripts in both Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana. Moreover, we found that targeting SHORT‐ROOT (SHR) transcripts with a methylation editor could significantly increase its m6A levels with limited off‐target effects and promote its degradation. This leads to a boost in plant growth with enlarged leaves and roots, increased plant height, plant biomass, and total grain weight in Arabidopsis. Collectively, these findings suggest that our programmable m6A editing tools can be applied to study the functions of individual m6A modifications in plants, and may also have potential applications for future crop improvement.
The Yucatan miniature swine as a model for post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation
Authors: Wang Ying , Herringshaw Emilee , Anderson R. Rox , Tam Joshua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPost‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a hypermelanosis that often occurs secondary to skin irritation or injury, especially in darker skin tones, for which there is currently a lack of effective treatment options. Few preclinical models are available to study PIH. Here, we show that the Yucatan miniature pig consistently develops PIH after skin injuries. Skin wounds were produced on Yucatan pigs by needle punches, full‐thickness excisions, or burns. Wound sites were monitored and photographed regularly. Tissue samples were collected after 24 weeks and processed for histology/immunohistochemistry. Skin pigmentation and histologic changes were quantified by computer‐assisted image analyses. All injury methods resulted in hyperpigmentation. Melanin content at the histologic level was quantified in the larger (burn and excision) wounds, showing a significant increase compared to uninjured skin. Increased melanin was found for both epidermal and dermal regions. Dermal melanin deposits were primarily clustered around the papillary vasculature, and were associated not with melanocytes but with leukocytes. The Yucatan miniature pig model recapitulates key clinical and histologic features of PIH in humans, including skin hyperpigmentation at both gross and histologic levels, and persistence of dermal melanin subsequent to injury. This model could be used to further our understanding of the etiology of PIH, and for new therapy development.
Autogenic evolution of valley‐confined deltas during sea‐level rise: Insights from numerical and physical modelling
Authors: Wang Ru , Kim Wonsuck , Colombera Luca , Mountney Nigel P. , Lee Yunhyeong , Lee Jaehyung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNearshore incised valleys are important conduits for the transport of sediment, nutrients, pollutants and organic carbon from the continents to the sea. Therefore, it is essential to understand the autogenic evolution of deltas confined within incised valleys and how such evolution is affected by relative sea‐level rise. To date, limited research has focused on how deltas constrained by incised valleys or other forms of antecedent topography respond to rising sea level. An existing theory of autostratigraphy envisages scenarios in which two‐dimensional or unconfined three‐dimensional fan deltas can experience three evolutionary stages under constant rates of relative sea‐level rise and sediment supply: progradation, autoretreat and post‐autobreak transgression. In this work, an integrated study of geometric numerical models and physical experiments is undertaken to investigate autostratigraphic delta evolution for a variety of incised‐valley geometries, under conditions of constant rates of relative sea‐level rise and sediment supply. Results indicate that interplays of antecedent topography (valley geometries) and sediment mass balance expressed in resultant deltaic geometries can result in autogenic changes in shoreline dynamics and river avulsion frequency on deltas. The following primary findings arise. (i) Compared to valleys with rectangular and trapezoidal cross‐sectional profiles, valleys with triangular cross‐sections tend to contain deltas that experience faster rates of progradation, autoretreat and post‐autobreak transgression under rising sea level, and exhibit a more prominent convex‐seaward shoreline trajectory. (ii) The shoreline trajectory is also related to delta topset geometry, becoming more convex‐seaward under decreasing topset slopes. (iii) River avulsion frequency on deltas with rising sea level varies markedly across valleys with different geometries, even under the same rate of relative sea‐level rise; this is attributed to the difference in temporal evolution of shoreline migration for different valley geometries and the resultant difference in the delta topset aggradation. This study highlights complexities in responses of sedimentary systems under the confinement of different topographic configurations that have hitherto largely been overlooked in sequence‐stratigraphic models. The findings provide insight into future shoreline behaviour and river avulsion hazard on confined deltas, and for decoding the stratigraphic record.
The peptide GOLVEN10 alters root development and noduletaxis in Medicago truncatula
Authors: Roy Sonali , Torres‐Jerez Ivone , Zhang Shulan , Liu Wei , Schiessl Katharina , Jain Divya , Boschiero Clarissa , Lee Hee‐Kyung , Krom Nicholas , Zhao Patrick X. , Murray Jeremy D. , Oldroyd Giles E. D. , Scheible Wolf‐Rüdiger , Udvardi Michael 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARYThe conservation of GOLVEN (GLV)/ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR (RGF) peptide encoding genes across plant genomes capable of forming roots or root‐like structures underscores their potential significance in the terrestrial adaptation of plants. This study investigates the function and role of GOLVEN peptide‐coding genes in Medicago truncatula. Five out of fifteen GLV/RGF genes were notably upregulated during nodule organogenesis and were differentially responsive to nitrogen deficiency and auxin treatment. Specifically, the expression of MtGLV9 and MtGLV10 at nodule initiation sites was contingent upon the NODULE INCEPTION transcription factor. Overexpression of these five nodule‐induced GLV genes in hairy roots of M. truncatula and application of their synthetic peptide analogues led to a decrease in nodule count by 25–50%. Uniquely, the GOLVEN10 peptide altered the positioning of the first formed lateral root and nodule on the primary root axis, an observation we term ‘noduletaxis’; this decreased the length of the lateral organ formation zone on roots. Histological section of roots treated with synthetic GOLVEN10 peptide revealed an increased cell number within the root cortical cell layers without a corresponding increase in cell length, leading to an elongation of the root likely introducing a spatiotemporal delay in organ formation. At the transcription level, the GOLVEN10 peptide suppressed expression of microtubule‐related genes and exerted its effects by changing expression of a large subset of Auxin responsive genes. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which GOLVEN peptides modulate root morphology, nodule ontogeny, and interactions with key transcriptional pathways.
Performance of far forward iceless blood storage containers in controlled cold environments
Authors: Vuong Antoine , Derkenne Clément , Travers Stéphane , Javaudin Olivier , Clavier Benoît , Martinaud Christophe , Pasquier Pierre 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Golden Hour Box (GHB), an iceless blood container designed for transfusion closest to the point of injury, is used by military medical teams in remote damage control resuscitation. While its performance is well‐established in hot environments, it remains underexplored in cold conditions, a significant consideration in emerging global conflict zones.Study Design and MethodsFour GHBs were preconditioned at +4°C or +18°C for 8 h and subsequently exposed to controlled laboratory simulated temperatures of −5, −15, and −25°C for 100 h. The study focused on their capability to maintain an internal temperature between +2 and +6°C, the recommended range for red blood cells unit storage and transport, using calibrated sensors for precise monitoring.ResultsWhen exposed to negative Celsius temperatures, GHBs showed varied performance depending on preconditioning temperatures. When preconditioned at +4°C, GHBs maintained an internal temperature within the target range (+2 to +6°C) for 100 h at −5°C, 52 ± 1 h at −15°C, and 29 ± 4 h at −25°C. In contrast, the internal temperature of GHBs preconditioned at +18°C exceeded this range in less than 30 min, then dropped below 2°C more rapidly than those preconditioned at +4°C, occurring within 20 ± 2 h at −15 and 13 ± 1 h at −25°C.ConclusionThe GHB, when properly preconditioned, effectively maintains internal temperatures suitable for blood product transport in extreme cold. Future research, including analyses of blood performances, is still needed to validate these results in more realistic operational conditions for use in cold environments.
Digital postprocessing analysis of prostatic perfusion in neutered dogs
Authors: Spada Stefano , Arlt Sebastian , De Felice Daniela , England Gary C. W. , Russo Marco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractB‐mode ultrasound is routinely performed to evaluate the prostate gland in neutered dogs, although, the detection of malignancies may be challenging. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has shown to be useful for the assessment of prostatic perfusion in normal and diseased dogs, although the interpretation of contrast ultrasonographic features may still be subjective. A quantitative tool for evaluating prostatic perfusion might improve the reliability of the results in terms of early detection of prostate neoplasia in neutered dogs. The present study aimed to evaluate the applicability of a postprocessing analysis tool to CEUS of the prostate in healthy neutered dogs, to provide quantitative measurements, and to study the influence of individual characteristics on prostatic regression. Twenty‐three neutered dogs underwent a B‐mode and CEUS examination of the prostate to acquire data about prostatic morphology and microcirculation. The prostate was imaged using a 5–7.5 MHz linear transducer and contrast was administered intravenously. Videoclips were analyzed by using Qontrast software and a postprocessing digital analysis tool (ImageJ) to measure perfusion peak intensity, time to peak, and vascularization ratio at the moment of the peak, which were then related to body weight, age, and time elapsed since orchiectomy. Correlation tests revealed higher vascularization in younger compared with older dogs (P < .05) and in smaller compared with larger dogs (P < .05). Time elapsed since orchiectomy (P > .05) did not affect prostatic perfusion. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound and the postprocessing analysis tool ImageJ allowed analysis of vascular perfusion in all dogs and have the potential to improve the diagnostic possibilities for andrological examination.
Best practices for implementation of Kamishibai cards in the healthcare setting to improve nursing‐sensitive indicator associated outcomes: An integrative review
Authors: Gabriel Elizabeth L. , Clark Kimberly , May Victoria , Meltzer Rachel , Moreland Jennifer , Rosenblum Nadine , Truong Linh , Weiss Emily J. , Yfantis Vicki , Johnson Alexandra , Whalen Madeleine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMany adverse events are identified as nursing‐sensitive indicators (NSIs) and have evidence‐based care bundles known to reduce risk of occurrence. Kamishibai cards are a tool from the manufacturing industry used for practice auditing and improvements. Use of Kamishibai cards is believed to be common in the healthcare setting, but true evidence‐based guidelines do not yet exist to guide their implementation.AimsThe aim of this integrative review was to identify best practices around the implementation of Kamishibai cards in the healthcare setting for improvement in NSI‐associated outcomes.MethodsEleven nurses at three facilities worked through the evidence using the Johns Hopkins Evidence‐Based Practice Model.ResultsTen articles were included for this review. Broad themes included direct observation with non‐punitive and timely feedback, clearly visualized results, use of evidence‐based care bundles, pre‐implementation education, and both leadership and frontline‐staff involvement. All facilities showed improvement in NSI‐associated outcomes after the implementation of K‐cards.Linking Action to ActionIn health care, K‐cards can be implemented and designed with additional focus on the bundles of care they are intended to audit and staff support, but further evidence would better define guidelines around implementation.
Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Enhanced Tubes With Composite Structure
Authors: Wang Jiacheng , Li Wei , Dou Binlin , Cao Yanlong , Kukulka David John , Sherif S. A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
To fill the research gaps in the study of flow boiling on composite surfaces, four heat exchange tubes with different structures were investigated: an enhanced tube with herringbone teeth (EHT_HB), a tube with a dimple structure (EHT_DIM), a tube with a composite herringbone tooth/dimple structure (EHT_HB/DIM), and a smooth tube as a baseline for comparison purposes. The experimental conditions were set as follows: saturation temperature 6 °C, mass flux 50–205 kg/(m2 · s), and vapor quality 0.2–0.8. After confirming the validity of the experimental results, the effects of the mass flux on the flow boiling heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics were examined. Results showed that the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop increase with the increase of the mass flux and the vapor quality in the tested tubes. The EHT_HB/DIM tube was found to combine the advantages of the two structures and to have the highest heat transfer coefficient. The average value of the heat transfer coefficient was found to be 43.75% higher than that of the smooth tube. Also, the average flow boiling heat transfer coefficients of the EHT_HB and the EHT_DIM tubes were found to be 15% and 35% higher than that of the smooth tube, respectively. From the perspective of the frictional pressure drop, it was found that the EHT_HB/DIM tube exhibited the maximum frictional pressure drop. The optimum working conditions of the enhanced tubes were determined by introducing a performance factor that captures the combined effects of heat transfer and pressure drop.