bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety verification of a novel irrigation catheter with flexible tip of laser‐cut kerfs and contact force sensor
Authors: Yamaguchi Junji , Takigawa Masateru , Goya Masahiko , Yamamoto Tasuku , Ikenouchi Takashi , Iwakawa Hidehiro , Negishi Miho , Goto Kentaro , Shigeta Takatoshi , Nishimura Takuro , Takamiya Tomomasa , Tao Susumu , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsThe safety evaluation of TactiFlex, a novel contact‐force sensing catheter with a flexible 4‐mm tip irrigated through laser‐cut kerfs, has been ongoing. This study aimed to verify the safety of this type of catheter.MethodsStudy 1: Radiofrequency (RF) applications at a range of powers (30–50 W), contact forces (10–20 g), and durations (10–60 s) using perpendicular/parallel catheter orientation with half‐normal (HNS) or normal saline irrigation were compared between TactiFlex (4‐mm tip) and TactiCath (3.5‐mm tip) with temperature‐controlled mode in excised porcine hearts. Study 2: The relation between RF applications using TactiFlex and the incidence of steam‐pops in the real clinical cases were examined.ResultsStudy‐1: 576 RF lesions were examined. TactiFlex demonstrated a significantly lower risk of steam‐pops (5[1.7%] vs. 59[20.5%], p < .0001). Compared to 3.5‐mm‐tip catheter (TactiCath), 4‐mm‐tip catheter (TactiFlex) produced smaller lesion volume at perpendicular (193[98–554]mm3 vs. 263[139–436]mm3, p < .0001), but relatively similar lesion volume at parallel contact (243[105–443]mm3 vs. 278[180–440]mm3, p = .06). HNS‐irrigation tended to increase the lesion volume in both catheters and to increase the incidence of steam‐pops with TactiCath, but not with TactiFlex. The cut‐off value of %impedance‐drop ( = absolute impedance‐drop/initial impedance) of 20% predicted steam‐pops with a sensitivity = 100% and specificity = 89.6% in TactiFlex.Study‐2: 5496 RF applications in 84 patients (51AFs/8ATs/3AVNRTs/4AVRTs/17PVCs/4VTs) using TactiFlex were analyzed. Four steam‐pops (0.07%) in three patients with pericardial effusion were observed (%impedance‐drop = 24%/26%/29%/35%, respectively). The cut‐off value of %impedance‐drop = 20%, derived from ex‐vivo study, showed sensitivity = 100% and specificity = 90.1% in detecting steam‐pops.ConclusionTactiFlex reduced the risk of steam‐pops than TactiCath. %impedance‐drop ≤ 20% may be reasonable for safely use with a sufficient safety margin. For 4‐mm‐tip catheter, parallel‐contact may be recommended for larger lesion creation.
Implementation of an electroencephalogram‐guided propofol anesthesia practice in a large academic pediatric hospital: A quality improvement project
Authors: Jones Oguh Sheri , Iyer Rajeev S. , Yuan Ian , Missett Richard , Daly Guris Rodrigo J. , Johnson Gregory , Babus Lenard W. , Massa Christopher B. , McClung‐Pasqualino Heather , Garcia‐Marcinkiewicz Annery G. , Sequera‐Ramos Luis , Kurth C. Dean 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPropofol‐based total intravenous anesthesia is gaining popularity in pediatric anesthesia. Electroencephalogram can be used to guide propofol dosing to the individual patient to mitigate against overdosing and adverse events. However, electroencephalogram interpretation and propofol pharmacokinetics are not sufficiently taught in training programs to confidently deploy electroencephalogram‐guided total intravenous anesthesia.AimsWe conducted a quality improvement project with the smart aim of increasing the percentage of electroencephalogram‐guided total intravenous anesthesia cases in our main operating room from 0% to 80% over 18 months. Balancing measures were number of total intravenous anesthesia cases, emergence times, and perioperative emergency activations.MethodsThe project key drivers were education, equipment, and electronic health record modifications. Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act cycles included: (1) providing journal articles, didactic lectures, intraoperative training, and teaching documents; (2) scheduling electroencephalogram‐guided total intravenous anesthesia teachers to train faculty, staff, and fellows for specific cases and to assess case‐based knowledge; (3) adding age‐based propofol dosing tables and electroencephalogram parameters to the electronic health record (EPIC co, Verona, WI); (4) procuring electroencephalogram monitors (Sedline, Masimo Inc). Electroencephalogram‐guided total intravenous anesthesia cases and balancing measures were identified from the electronic health record. The smart aim was evaluated by statistical process control chart.ResultsAfter the four Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act cycles, electroencephalogram‐guided total intravenous anesthesia increased from 5% to 75% and was sustained at 72% 9 months after project completion. Total intravenous anesthesia cases/mo and number of perioperative emergency activations did not change significantly from start to end of the project, while emergence time for electroencephalogram‐guided total intravenous anesthesia was greater statistically but not clinically (total intravenous anesthesia without electroencephalogram [16 ± 10 min], total intravenous anesthesia with electroencephalogram [18 ± 9 min], sevoflurane [17 ± 9 min] p < .001).ConclusionQuality improvement methods may be deployed to adopt electroencephalogram‐guided total intravenous anesthesia in a large academic pediatric anesthesia practice. Keys to success include education, in operating room case training, scheduling teachers with learners, electronic health record modifications, and electroencephalogram devices and supplies.
Belowground insect herbivory induces systemic volatile emissions that strengthen neighbouring plant resistance aboveground
Authors: Thompson Morgan N. , Arriaga Jayda , Bradford B. Jack , Kurian Rachel , Strozier Gage , Helms Anjel M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlants transmit ecologically relevant messages to neighbouring plants through chemical cues. For instance, insect herbivory triggers the production of herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), which can enhance neighbouring plant defences. HIPVs are emitted from directly damaged plant tissues and from systemic, nondamaged tissues. Although volatile‐mediated interplant interactions have been observed both above‐ and belowground, it remains unknown whether belowground herbivory induces systemic HIPVs aboveground that influence neighbouring plants. To explore how belowground herbivory affects interplant interactions aboveground, we characterised systemic HIPVs from squash induced by belowground striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma vittatum) larval herbivory. We exposed squash ‘receiver plants’ to systemic HIPVs or volatiles from nondamaged plants. We then measured herbivore resistance by challenging ‘receiver plants’ with aboveground‐feeding herbivores: adult beetles (A. vittatum) or squash bugs (Anasa tristis). We discovered belowground‐damaged plants emitted more (E)‐β‐ocimene, a key volatile from the systemic HIPV blend, than nondamaged controls, and that exposure to systemic HIPVs enhanced neighbouring plant resistance to aboveground squash bugs, but not adult beetles. Further investigations into the mechanism of interplant interaction revealed β‐ocimene alone can elicit plant resistance against squash bugs. Overall, our findings reveal a novel form of volatile‐mediated interactions between plants spanning across aboveground–belowground plant systems.
A butterfly egg‐killing hypersensitive response in Brassica nigra is controlled by a single locus, PEK, containing a cluster of TIR‐NBS‐LRR receptor genes
Authors: Bassetti Niccolò , Caarls Lotte , Bouwmeester Klaas , Verbaarschot Patrick , van Eijden Ewan , Zwaan Bas J. , Bonnema Guusje , Schranz M. Eric , Fatouros Nina E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractKnowledge of plant recognition of insects is largely limited to a few resistance (R) genes against sap‐sucking insects. Hypersensitive response (HR) characterizes monogenic plant traits relying on R genes in several pathosystems. HR‐like cell death can be triggered by eggs of cabbage white butterflies (Pieris spp.), pests of cabbage crops (Brassica spp.), reducing egg survival and representing an effective plant resistance trait before feeding damage occurs. Here, we performed genetic mapping of HR‐like cell death induced by Pieris brassicae eggs in the black mustard Brassica nigra (B. nigra). We show that HR‐like cell death segregates as a Mendelian trait and identified a single dominant locus on chromosome B3, named PEK (Pieris
egg‐
killing). Eleven genes are located in an approximately 50 kb region, including a cluster of genes encoding intracellular TIR‐NBS‐LRR (TNL) receptor proteins. The PEK locus is highly polymorphic between the parental accessions of our mapping populations and among B. nigra reference genomes. Our study is the first one to identify a single locus potentially involved in HR‐like cell death induced by insect eggs in B. nigra. Further fine‐mapping, comparative genomics and validation of the PEK locus will shed light on the role of these TNL receptors in egg‐killing HR.
Reducing donor acceptance practice variation – Learnings from a discussion forum
Authors: Bansal Neha , Jeewa Aamir , Watanabe Kae , Richmond Marc E. , Alzubi Anaam , D'Souza Nikita , Bano Maria , Lorts Angela , Rosenthal David N. , Taylor Katie , O'Shea Catherine , Smyth Lauren , Koehl Devin , Zhao Hong , Hollander Seth A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeAlthough waitlist mortality is unacceptably high, nearly half of donor heart offers are rejected by pediatric heart transplant centers. The Advanced Cardiac Therapy Improving Outcome Network (ACTION) and Pediatric Heart Transplant Society (PHTS) convened a multi‐institutional donor decision discussion forum (DDDF) aimed at assessing donor acceptance practices and reducing practice variation.MethodsA 1‐h‐long virtual DDDF for providers across North America, the United Kingdom, and Brazil was held monthly. Each session typically included two case presentations posing a real‐world donor decision challenge. Attendees were polled before the presenting centerʼs decision was revealed. Group discussion followed, including a review of relevant literature and PHTS data. Metrics of participation, participant agreement with presenting center decisions, and impact on future decision‐making were collected and analyzed.ResultsOver 2 years, 41 cases were discussed. Approximately 50 clinicians attended each call. Risk factors influencing decision‐making included donor quality (10), size discrepancy (8), and COVID‐19 (8). Donor characteristics influenced 63% of decisions, recipient factors 35%. Participants agreed with the decision made by the presenting center only 49% of the time. Post‐presentation discussion resulted in 25% of participants changing their original decision. Survey conducted reported that 50% respondents changed their donor acceptance practices.ConclusionDDDF identified significant variation in pediatric donor decision‐making among centers. DDDF may be an effective format to reduce practice variation, provide education to decision‐makers, and ultimately increase donor utilization.
Treatment with a red‐laser‐based wound therapy device exerts positive effects in models of delayed keratinocyte and fibroblast wound healing
Authors: Wiegand Cornelia , Dirksen Annegret , Tittelbach Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundLight therapy is widely used in medicine. Specifically, photobiomodulation has been shown to exert beneficial effects in wound healing disorders, which present a major challenge in health care. The study's aim was providing information on the effect of a novel, red‐laser‐based wound therapy device (WTD) on keratinocytes and fibroblasts during wound healing under optimal and non‐optimal conditions.MethodsThe scratch wound assay was employed as a wound healing model for mechanical damage with readjustment of specific cell milieus, explicitly chronic TH1 inflammation and TH2‐dominant conditions. Furthermore, gene expression analysis of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL1A, IL6, CXCL8), growth factors (TGFB1, PDGFC), transcription factors (NFKB1, TP53) and heat shock proteins (HSP90AA1, HSPA1A, HSPD1) as well as desmogleins (DSG1, DSG3) in keratinocytes and collagen (COL1A1, COL3A1) in fibroblasts was performed after WTD treatment.ResultsIt was shown that WTD treatment is biocompatible and supports scratch wound closure under non‐optimal conditions. A distinct enhancement of desmoglein and collagen gene expression as well as induction of early growth factor gene expression was observed under chronic inflammatory conditions. Moreover, WTD increased HSPD1 transcript levels in keratinocytes and augmented collagen expression in fibroblasts during wound healing under TH2 conditions. WTD treatment also alleviated the inflammatory response in keratinocytes and induced early growth factor gene expression in fibroblasts under physiological conditions.ConclusionPositive effects described for wound treatment with WTD could be replicated in vitro and seem to be to be conferred by a direct influence on cellular processes taking place in keratinocytes and fibroblasts during wound healing.
Research progress on the resistance mechanism of host pine to pine wilt disease
Authors: Wang Yijing , Chen Hongna , Wang Jiaqing , Li Debin , Wang Hongling , Jiang Yingying , Fei Xudong , Sun Lu , Li Feifei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPine wilt disease, caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a major quarantine forest disease that has resulted in massive economic losses as well as ecological disaster. Therefore, it is imperative to study the defence response mechanism of host pine trees to infection by B. xylophilus to understand further the internal causes of pine tree death and to find control strategies. For many years, systematic research has been carried out on the pathophysiological response of pine trees to pine wilt disease. However, due to the complexity of the occurrence and development of pine wilt disease, the specific response mechanisms of different tree species have remained unclear. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the resistance mechanism of host pine trees against B. xylophilus infection through the perspectives of histopathological characteristics, physiological and biochemical responses, and molecular response mechanisms, which provide a theoretical reference for further investigating the disease resistance mechanism of pine trees to pine wilt disease and lay the foundation for the prevention and quarantine of pine wilt disease.
A mean‐field approach for the asymptotic tracking problem of moving continuum target clouds
Authors: Ahn Hyunjin , Ha Seung‐Yeal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe propose a new coupled kinetic system arising from the asymptotic tracking of a continuum target cloud, and study its asymptotic tracking property. For the proposed kinetic system, we present an energy functional which is monotonic and distance between particle trajectories corresponding to kinetic equations for target, and tracking ensembles tend to zero asymptotically under a suitable sufficient framework. The framework is formulated in terms of system parameters and initial data.
How do explicit, implicit, and sociodemographic measures relate to concurrent suicidal ideation? A comparative machine learning approach
Authors: Freichel René , Kahveci Sercan , O’Shea Brian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionSuicide is a leading cause of death, and decades of research have identified a range of risk factors, including demographics, past self‐injury and suicide attempts, and explicit suicide cognitions. More recently, implicit self‐harm and suicide cognitions have been proposed as risk factors for the prospective prediction of suicidal behavior. However, most studies have examined these implicit and explicit risk factors in isolation, and little is known about their combined effects and interactions in the prediction of concurrent suicidal ideation.MethodsIn an online community sample of 6855 participants, we used different machine learning techniques to evaluate the utility of measuring implicit self‐harm and suicide cognitions to predict concurrent desire to self‐harm or die.ResultsDesire to self‐harm was best predicted using gradient boosting, achieving 83% accuracy. However, the most important predictors were mood, explicit associations, and past suicidal thoughts and behaviors; implicit measures provided little to no gain in predictive accuracy.ConclusionConsidering our focus on the concurrent prediction of explicit suicidal ideation, we discuss the need for future studies to assess the utility of implicit suicide cognitions in the prospective prediction of suicidal behavior using machine learning approaches.
A novel sophorolipids extraction method by yeast fermentation process for enhanced skin efficacy
Authors: Lee Yae‐rin , Cha Youn Jeong , Jeong Sugyeong , Yun Seok‐Kyun , Nho Younhwa , Kang Seunghyun , Kim Woonha , Son Juhyun , Kim Juyun , Kyung Seoyeon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsOriental herbs have been used as medicines in the folk remedy for their numerous phytochemicals and bioactivities. In this study, we have selected five Korean traditional medical herbs and applied bio conversion extraction technology, named it as Bioconversion Oji complex, to identify phytochemicals and evaluate skin related efficacies.Material and methodsThe process of two‐step bio conversion was sequentially conducted. The first step of fermentation was to produce biosurfactants using macadamia seed oil with Candida bombicola, and then five natural plants were added to carry out the main fermentation. To evaluate skin improvement efficacy of Bioconversion Oji complex, in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted. We studied HaCaT cells cultured to assess viability, skin anti‐inflammatory, moisturizing and barrier improvement‐related mRNA expression. For efficacy study, 21 participants were tested evaluating anti‐inflammatory, skin moisturizing and skin barrier improving effects of Bioconversion Oji complex compared to Water extraction of Oji (placebo) for the 4 weeks test period.ResultsThe application of bioconversion technology highly increased the content of amino acids and lipids within Bioconversion Oji complex, and 23 flavonoids were also identified. Bioconversion Oji complex was found to be non‐toxic and showed significant effects in all parameters tested, including anti‐inflammation, skin moisture, and skin barrier in both in vitro and in clinical studies.ConclusionsBioconversion Oji complex has demonstrated skin‐friendly properties with significant beneficial effects on anti‐inflammatory, skin hydration and barrier function properties. This study provides evidence for the use of Bioconversion Oji complex as an active ingredient in cosmetics and skincare products.
Communities of practice: A theoretical framework for undergraduate longitudinal placements
Authors: Kirtchuk Liza , Markless Sharon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere has been a global shift towards longitudinal placements in undergraduate medicine, which are believed to play an important role in supporting medical student learning and professional identity formation. A better understanding of how learning occurs on such placements is needed, and community of practice (CoP), a social learning theory, has been proposed to form their pedagogical foundations. However, empirical research exploring learning through CoPs on longitudinal placements is limited.MethodsCase study methodology triangulating data from interviews, written reflections and routine evaluations was undertaken to explore how second‐year students on an undergraduate longitudinal General Practice placement participated within CoPs and the factors enabling this participation.FindingsRoutine evaluation data were available for 57% (n239) of students and in‐depth interviews were carried out with five students and three tutors across eight placements. Themes identified through inductive thematic analysis were (i) participation within CoPs, (ii) enablers of legitimate peripheral participation and (iii) socialising agents. Student legitimate peripheral participation was greatly facilitated by making contributions to patient care, a welcoming clinical environment, access to the informal spaces and repertoires of the practice and effective brokerage of educational activities by tutors.DiscussionCoP is a theory that allows us to make tangible the somewhat abstract when deepening our understanding of how students learn on longitudinal placements. The extent to which students become legitimate peripheral participants varies, and this theoretical framework allows us to consider the factors that can enable such participation, with implications for how educators design curricula and placement infrastructure.
Development of a double‐layer electrospun patch as a potential prenatal treatment for myelomeningocele
Authors: Benabdderrahmane K. , Stirnemann J. , Ramtani S. , Falentin‐Daudré C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMyelomeningocele (MMC) is a congenital defect of the spine characterised by meningeal and spinal cord protrusion through the open vertebral arches. This defect causes progressive prenatal damage of the spinal cord, leading to lifelong handicap. Although mid‐trimester surgical repair may reduce part of the handicap, an earlier and less invasive approach would further improve the prognosis, possibly minimising maternal and foetal risks. Several studies have proposed an alternative approach to surgical repair by covering the defect with a patch and protecting the exposed neural tissue. Our study aims to elaborate on a waterproof and biodegradable bioactive patch for MMC prenatal foetal repair. We developed a double‐layer patch that can provide a waterproof coverage for the spinal cord, with a bioactive side, conducive to cell proliferation, and an antiadhesive side to avoid its attachment to the medulla.
Dynamic Lower Limb Alignment During Jumping in Preschool Children: Normative Profiles and Sex Differences
Authors: Harsted Steen , Hestbæk Lise , Holsgaard-Larsen Anders , Hein Lauridsen Henrik 
Published: November 2023

The natural development of static lower limb varus/valgus alignments during early childhood is well understood. However, our understanding of dynamic lower limb frontal plane alignments is limited, and we lack normative descriptions of this phenomenon for both boys and girls. This study investigated dynamic lower limb alignment during jump-landings in preschool children, focusing on associations with sex, age, and motor performance. Dynamic lower limb alignment was measured as the Knee-to-Ankle Separation Ratio (KASR) in 605 children aged 3–6 years using markerless motion capture. Based on KASR measurements, we categorized the children into three kinematic groups: Valgus, Intermediate, and Varus. Median KASR scores were 0.86 (0.80–0.96) overall, 0.89 (0.81–0.98) for boys, and 0.85 (0.78–0.92) for girls. Over 75% of the children exhibited some level of dynamic knee valgus during jump-landings (KASR < 1). However, roughly two-thirds of the children in the Valgus group were girls. Age-adjusted differences in motor performance were small and only statistically significant for jump height and length in girls. These findings suggest that dynamic knee valgus during jump-landings is a common occurrence in preschool children, especially among girls. The potential relationship between dynamic lower limb alignment and age and motor performance warrants further investigation.