bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O originated from Indonesia in mammalian cells as potential immunogen
Authors: Widayanti T , Suryanggono J , Pambudi S , Maryam R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In 2022, Indonesia experienced foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak resulting in the death of hundreds of cattle; after more than 30 years, the country maintained FMD-free status. The FMD viral polypeptides-1 (VP1) protein contains major antigenic sites, making the protein have an important role in diagnostic applications or vaccine development. In this study, a synthetic codon-optimized vp1 gene from FMD virus serotype O was integrated into pcDNA3.1 vector and transformed to Escherichia coli TOP10F’ for plasmid propagation. The pcDNA3.1-1D-VP1 FMDV plasmid was then verified using agarose gel, showing in 659 bp size of the DNA fragment. The VP1 recombinant plasmid was transfected into HEK293T cells in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS. Protein profiles were determined with SDS-PAGE showing target protein at 33KDa. Protein expression was confirmed by in-cell western assay using anti-VP1 type O polyclonal antibody and IRDye® 800CW goat anti-rabbit IgG as the secondary antibody. The result revealed a high-intensity fluorescence signal, indicating a strong interaction between expressed protein and anti-VP1 antibody. Thus, the results of this study demonstrate the potential for VP1 protein to be used as an immunogen in vaccine or diagnostic development against FMD infection. Nonetheless, some additional studies should be conducted.
Enhanced tolerance of IPB CP1 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) transgenic expressing superoxide dismutase gene under high temperature stress
Authors: Musawira  , Miftahudin  , Tjahjoleksono A , Hamim  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
IPB CP1 potato potentially has high economic value as a raw material for potato chip industry. Unfortunately, potato is quite sensitive to abiotic stresses such as high temperature. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that detoxify Reactive Oxygen Species formed as a result of stress. The study aimed to determine the tolerance of CP1 transgenic potato and its production under high temperature stress. Potato was planted in Sentul, Bogor at the altitude of ±700 meters above sea level with a minimum and maximum average temperature ranges of 22.5-25.3 °C and 31.2-39.1 °C, respectively. The results showed that the transgenic plants have taller habitus, more leaves, and bigger stem diameter than that of non-transgenic plants. The transgenic plants had also higher chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and photosynthetic rate than that of non-transgenic plants. In addition, the activity of SOD and catalase enzymes in the transgenic plants were higher than that of non-transgenic plants. Conversely, the content of malondialdehyde in the transgenic plants was lower than that of the non-transgenic plants. The average tuber weight of the transgenic plants was 20.97 g per plant. The research shows that the transgenic plant demonstrates more tolerant to high temperature stress than non-transgenic plant.
The ‘discontinuity hypothesis’ of depression in later life—clinical and research implications
Authors: Oude Voshaar Richard C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The term depression is overused as an umbrella term for a variety of conditions, including depressed mood and various psychiatric disorders. According to psychiatric diagnostic criteria, depressive disorders impact nearly all aspects of human life and are a leading cause of disability worldwide. The widespread assumption that different types of depression lie on a continuum of severity has stimulated important research on subthreshold depression in later life. This view assumes that depressed mood is a precursor of a depressive disorder. The present narrative review argues why in later life depressed mood might either (i) lie on a continuum with depressive disorders among people vulnerable for a depressive disorder or (ii) be an ageing-related epiphenomenon of underlying physical illnesses in people who are resilient to depressive disorders (‘discontinuity hypothesis’). Three arguments are discussed. First, the course of depressed mood and depressive disorders differs across the life span. Second, screening instruments for depression have low predictive value for depressive disorders in later life. Third, a dose–response relationship has not been consistently found across different types of depression and detrimental health outcomes. Using the umbrella term depression may partly explain why pharmacological treatment is less effective with increasing age, and negative health-related outcomes might be overestimated. The discontinuity hypothesis may prevent pharmacological overtreatment of milder subtypes of depression and may stimulate comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment as well as the development of separate treatment algorithms for depressed mood and depressive disorders.
Impact of circumferential resection margin on survival in ampullary cancer: retrospective analysis
Authors: Nießen Anna , Loos Martin , Neumüller Katja , Feißt Manuel , Klaiber Ulla , Cizmic Amila , Al-Saeedi Mohammed , Roth Susanne , Schneider Martin , Büchler Markus W , Hackert Thilo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Ampullary carcinoma is a clinically variable entity. This study aimed to evaluate prognostic factors for the outcome of resected ampullary carcinoma patients with particular intent to analyse the influence of surgical radicality.

Methods
Patients undergoing resection between 2002 and 2017 were analysed. Clinicopathological parameters, perioperative outcome and survival were examined. Risk factor analysis for postresection survival was performed. Resection margin status was evaluated according to the revised classification for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Results
A total of 234 patients were identified, 97.9 per cent (n = 229) underwent formal resection, while 2.1 per cent (n = 5) underwent ampullary resection. Histological subtypes were 46.6 per cent (n = 109) pancreatobiliary, 34.2 per cent (n = 80) intestinal, 11.5 per cent (n = 27) mixed, and 7.7 per cent (n = 18) undetermined. In the pancreatobiliary group, tumours were more advanced with more vascular resections, pT4 stage, G3 differentiation and pN+ status. Five-year overall survival was significantly different for pancreatobiliary compared to intestinal (51.7 per cent versus 72.8 per cent, P = 0.0087). In univariable analysis, age, pT4 stage, pN+, pancreatobiliary subtype and positive resection margin were significantly associated with worse overall survival. Long-term outcome was significantly better after true R0 resection (circumferential resection margin–, tumour clearance &gt;1 mm) compared with circumferential resection margin+ (&lt;1 mm) and R1 resections (5-year overall survival: 69.6 per cent, median overall survival 191 months versus 42.4 per cent and 53 months; P = 0.0017).

Conclusion
Postresection survival of ampullary carcinoma patients is determined by histological subtype and surgical radicality. Intestinal differentiation is associated with less advanced tumour stages and better differentiation, which is reflected in a significantly better overall survival compared to pancreatobiliary differentiation. Despite this, true R0-resection is a prognostic key determinant in both entities, achieving 5-year survival in two-thirds of patients.
Evolution is more repeatable in the introduction than range expansion phase of colonization
Authors: Tittes Silas , Weiss-Lehman Christopher , Kane Nolan C , Hufbauer Ruth A , Emery Nancy C , Melbourne Brett A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
How repeatable is evolution at genomic and phenotypic scales? We studied the repeatability of evolution during 8 generations of colonization using replicated microcosm experiments with the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Based on the patterns of shared allele frequency changes that occurred in populations from the same generation or experimental location, we found adaptive evolution to be more repeatable in the introduction and establishment phases of colonization than in the spread phase, when populations expand their range. Lastly, by studying changes in allele frequencies at conserved loci, we found evidence for the theoretical prediction that range expansion reduces the efficiency of selection to purge deleterious alleles. Overall, our results increase our understanding of adaptive evolution during colonization, demonstrating that evolution can be highly repeatable while also showing that stochasticity still plays an important role.
Coupled poroelastic and gravitational deformation of a layered spherical Earth – I: load Love numbers
Authors: Zhou Jiangcun , Pan Ernian , Bevis Michael , Xu Jianqiao , Sun Heping 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARY
In this paper, we propose a fully coupled two-phase poroelastic deformation theory for a spherically layered and self-gravitating Earth. The earth model consists of a solid inner core, a fluid outer core and poroelastic mantle and crust. The boundary-value problems are posed in the Laplace-transformed domain using the spherical system of vector functions, and analytical solutions are obtained in each layer using the dual-variable and position matrix method. As an application, the surface loading problem is considered. The undrained and drained limits are discussed with the corresponding governing equations, which are different from the conventional ones where body force is ignored. Numerical examples show that the poroelastic effect can be significant since the difference between the results for undrained and drained limits are large with obvious time-dependent deformation. This newly derived theory for the coupled boundary-value problem will have broad applications, such as displacement and gravity change due to groundwater depletion, poroelastic rebound after an earthquake and risk evaluation of earthquakes induced by water injection.
Adapting lean management to prevent healthcare-associated infections: a low-cost strategy involving Kamishibai cards to sustain bundles’ compliance
Authors: Saavedra Bravo Marco Antonio , Santos Guilherme Cesar Silva Dias , Petenate Ademir Jose , Westphal Patrick Jacobsen , Souza Luciana Gouvea de Albuquerque , Marques Roberta Gonçalves , Morosov Erica Deji Moura , Gushken Andrea Keiko Fujinami , Franco Flavia Fernanda , Silva Wladimir Garcia , de Moura Rafaela Moraes , de Lima Andreia Lopes , dos Santos Renata Gonsalez , Andrade Karina de Carvalho , Hamada Andreza Pivato Susin , Cristalda Cristiane Maria Reis , Ue Luciana Yumi , de Barros Claudia Garcia , Vernal Sebastian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Lean healthcare visual management has been successfully integrated into infection control programs, leading to lower healthcare-associated infection (HAI) rates and greater provider compliance with evidence-based prevention practices; however, its implementation during quality improvement (QI) initiatives in limited-resource settings has not yet been well exploited. We aimed to describe a low-cost strategy involving Kamishibai cards to sustain bundles’ adherence to prevent HAIs in a middle-income country. This descriptive case study evaluated the implementation of a lean healthcare visual management tool—Kamishibai board (K-board)—during a nationwide QI collaborative preventing three critical HAIs in 189 adult and pediatric/neonatal intensive care units (ICUs) from September 2021 to January 2023. Considering a limited-resource setting, our team adapted a K-board using simple, cheap, and easy-to-handle materials for routine monitoring of QI procedures, including safety bundles’ compliance. After test prototypes, the final K-board version was implemented. The chart materials and assembly cost BRL 80.00 (USD 15.48). Before launching, expert working group meetings were held to shape the contents, refine technical issues, and prepare the ICU teams for implementation. After starting, plan-do-study-act cycles were conducted according to the Breakthrough Series model. Participating ICU teams, including leaders and front-line health workers, performed bedside audits following a weekly chronogram. Two indicators were calculated: the percentage of ICUs in which K-boards were being implemented and whether bundles’ compliance was addressed in the K-board. Audit data were recorded in ‘SimpleQI’. After 17 months of this initiative, 177 (93.7%) participating ICUs had included this visual management tool in their daily care routines. When more than 94 (&gt;50%) ICUs posted K-board data, the mean compliance for the bundles for each HAI was sustained above 85%. A lean healthcare visual management tool can be adapted to local settings, including healthcare facilities with limited resources. K-board seems to be a feasible method for auditing evidence-based practices in medical care, including safety bundles to simultaneously prevent three types of HAIs.
Best practice: quality assessment outcomes of the Practice Enhancement Program among family physicians in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Macaskill James , Bryce Rhonda , Muller Andries 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Increased family physician workloads have strained primary care. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency and types of quality concerns identified among Saskatchewan’s family physicians, changes in these concerns over time, associated physician characteristics, and recommendations made for improvement. In this repeated cross-sectional study (1997–2020), we examined family physician assessment reports from the Saskatchewan Practice Enhancement Program, a mandatory practice review strategy, for quality concerns on three outcomes: care, medical record, and facility. We recorded demographic and practice characteristics, the presence or absence of quality concerns, and the type of recommendations made. Concern incidence was calculated both overall and across subperiods, and three outcome-specific multiple logistic regression models were developed. Recommendations made were quantified, and their nature was evaluated using thematic analysis. Among 824 assessments, 20.8% identified concerns, with a statistically significant increase in 2015–20 over earlier years (14.2% versus 43.4%, P &lt; .001). Corresponding proportions also significantly increased within each quality outcome (6.0%–37.1%, P &lt; .001 for care concerns; 12.7%–19.6%, P = .03 for medical record concerns; 3.9%–21.0%, P &lt; .001 for facility concerns). We found statistically significant adjusted associations between care concerns and both urban location [odds ratio (OR): 2.2; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30, 3.8] and international medical training (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.34, 4.2); facility concerns and solo practice (OR: 2.5 95% CI: 1.10, 5.7); and medical record concerns and male gender (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.09, 3.3), solo practice (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.7), and increased age. Reflecting a statistically significant interaction found between age as a continuous covariate and time period, older physicians were more likely to have a medical record concern in later years (OR: 1.072; 95% CI: 1.026, 1.120) compared to earlier ones (OR: 1.021; 95% CI: 1.001, 1.043). Among physicians where a concern was identified, recommendations most frequently pertained to documentation (91.2%), chronic disease management (78.2%), cumulative patient profiles (62.9%), laboratory investigations (53.5%), medications (51.8%), and emergency preparedness (51.2%). A concerning and increasing proportion of family physicians have quality gaps, with identifiable factors and recurring recommendations. These findings provide direction for strategic support development.
Multidisciplinary perspectives on roles of hospital pharmacists in tertiary settings: a qualitative study
Authors: Lee Kyung Min Kirsten , Koeper Ivanka , Johnson Michaela E , Page Amy , Rowett Debra , Johnson Jacinta 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In today’s complex healthcare landscape, exacerbated by resource constraints at various levels, optimization of health professionals’ roles is becoming increasingly paramount. Interprofessional collaboration, underpinned by role recognition and teamwork, leads to improved patient and organizational outcomes. Hospital pharmacists play a pivotal role in multidisciplinary teams, and it is imperative to understand multidisciplinary viewpoints on hospital pharmacists’ roles to guide role prioritization and organizational efficiency. However, no study extensively investigated multidisciplinary views on values of diverse pharmacist roles in tertiary settings. This study aims to address this gap by examining non-pharmacist health professionals’ views on hospital pharmacists’ roles, recognizing their specialized niches as a crucial step towards optimizing their roles and services in Australia and internationally. Multiple focus group discussions and interviews were held via a virtual conferencing platform. Study participants were recruited using the study investigators’ professional networks who were non-pharmacist health professionals with experience working with pharmacists in hospital settings. Data were collected from transcripts of the focus group recordings, which were later summarized using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Overarching themes were categorized and mapped against work system models to conceptualize organizational implications of multidisciplinary feedback, linking them to patient and organizational outcomes. Twenty-seven health professionals participated across focus groups and interviews, with the majority of professions being doctors and nurses. Three major themes were identified as follows: (i) overarching perceptions regarding hospital pharmacists; (ii) professional niches of hospital pharmacists; and (iii) future opportunities to optimize hospital pharmacy services. Valued professional niches included patient and health professional educators, transition-of-care facilitators, and quality use of medicines analysts. The study highlights critical insights into hospital pharmacists’ roles in Australia, identifying their niche expertise as vital to healthcare efficiency and success. Based on multidisciplinary feedback, the study advocates for strategic role optimization and targeted research for enhanced clinical, economic, and organizational outcomes.
Process reengineering using DMAIC framework for reduction of waiting time in daycare infusion therapy for better patient experience
Authors: Mamballikalam Gopinath , Davis Deena , Sabrish K G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Daycare infusion therapy is an integral aspect of oncology, but increased waiting time raises concerns for patients. Patient-reported experience measures prompted the need to evaluate reasons for prolonged appointment delays. This study seeks to analyze and address patients’ concerns, to streamline the process flow and reduce waiting time for daycare infusion therapy thereby enhancing patient experience. The define, measure, analyze, improve, and control methodology was implemented, and its impact on reducing waiting times was evaluated. The objective is to ensure that &gt;85% of patients enter the daycare infusion unit within an hour of their appointment time in 6 months. The baseline data for patient waiting times was measured for a period of 2 months, and the average waiting time was determined. Potential causes contributing to prolonged waiting times were identified through time-motion analysis, with a fishbone diagram categorizing potential causes and a Pareto chart prioritizing them. Plan, do, study, and act cycles were conducted for implementing the changes, and a new process flow mapped. Baseline data showed 32% average adherence to the defined turnaround time of 1 hour, with an average waiting time of 108 minutes. Forty causes were identified for increased waiting time, of which eight were key. Adherence to waiting time turnaround time improved from 32% to 89% and the average waiting time decreased by 59 minutes from 108 minutes, increasing patient satisfaction index by 7.5%. The balancing measures include an increase in operational efficiency and throughput of the unit and the inventory levels of oncology medicine were decreased, leading to a 50% reduction in inventory value, while medication error declined by 0.62%, improving patient safety. The project gained tangible and intangible benefits impacting staff, patients, and relatives while improving operational efficiency. This study, with its scientific and systematic approach, enhanced patient satisfaction, patient safety, and better utilization of resources.
Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nares of ruminants
Authors: Loncaric Igor , Keinprecht Helga , Irimaso Emmanuel , Cabal-Rosel Adriana , Stessl Beatrix , Ntakirutimana Christophe , Marek Lydia , Fischer Otto W , Szostak Michael P , Oberrauch Celine , Wittek Thomas , Müller Elke , Desvars-Larrive Amelie , Feßler Andrea T , Braun Sascha D , Schwarz Stefan , Ehling-Schulz Monika , Monecke Stefan , Ehricht Ralf , Ruppitsch Werner , Grunert Tom , Spergser Joachim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
To examine the diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nasal swabs of ruminants in Rwanda.

Methods and results
A total of 454 nasal swabs from 203 cows, 170 goats, and 81 sheep were examined for the presence of S. aureus, and 30 S. aureus isolates were detected and characterized pheno- and genotypically. Resistance to penicillin and/or tetracycline was observed. The isolates were assigned to eight different spa types (t21057 (novel), t10103, t18853, t20842, t318, t355, t458, and t9432) belonging to six clonal complexes (CCs) (CC152, CC30, CC3591, CC3666, CC522, and CC97). Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes (lukF-PV/lukS-PV), the bovine leukocidin genes (lukM/lukF-P83), and the human and bovine variants of the toxic shock syndrome toxin gene tst-1 variants were detected.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrate that the nares of ruminants in Rwanda are colonized with mastitis-associated S. aureus, including lineages that are also carried by humans, underscoring the zoonotic risk, especially for livestock keepers. These results highlight the crucial importance of hygiene measures when handling livestock.
Searching for quasar candidates with periodic variations from the Zwicky Transient Facility: results and implications
Authors: Chen Yong-Jie , Zhai Shuo , Liu Jun-Rong , Guo Wei-Jian , Peng Yue-Chang , Li Yan-Rong , Songsheng Yu-Yang , Du Pu , Hu Chen , Wang Jian-Min 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We conduct a systematic search for quasars with periodic variations from the archival photometric data of the Zwicky Transient Facility by cross-matching with the quasar catalogues of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Véron-Cetty and Véron. We first select out 184 primitive periodic candidates using the generalized Lomb–Scargle periodogram and autocorrelation function and then estimate their statistical significance of periodicity based on two red-noise models, i.e. damped random walk (DRW) and single power-law (SPL) models. As such, we finally identify 106 (DRW) and 86 (SPL) candidates with the most significant periodic variations out of 143 700 quasars. We further compare DRW and SPL models using Bayes factors, which indicate a relative preference of the SPL model for our primitive sample. We thus adopt the candidates identified with SPL as the final sample and summarize its basic properties. We extend the light curves of the selected candidates by supplying other archival survey data to verify their periodicity. However, only three candidates (with 6–8 cycles of periods) meet the selection criteria. This result clearly implies that, instead of being strictly periodic, the variability must be quasi-periodic or caused by stochastic red-noise. This exerts a challenge to the existing search approaches and calls for developing new effective methods.