bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soigner les malades au xve siècle. L’exemple de la fouille de l’hôtel-Dieu de Valenciennes (Nord)
Authors: Delassus David , Derreumaux Marie , Frere Dominique , Huin Marie , Poirier Hélène , Oueslati Tarek , Favero Coralie , Tixador Arnaud , Rageot Maxime , Barbier-Pain Delphine , Deltombe Matthieu , Korpiun Patrice , Laugero Martin , Saedlou Nima 
Published: January 2024

Résumé : Le site de l’hôtel-Dieu de Valenciennes a été fouillé par le service archéologique municipal en 2016. Cette fouille constituait une opportunité unique de documenter l’état médiéval d’un hôpital fondé en 1430, jusque-là uniquement connu par des sources archivistiques et iconographiques. L’opération permit notamment la mise au jour de la partie occidentale du bâtiment principal. L’étude du bâti a révélé que la salle des malades et la chapelle n’occupaient pas à l’origine la totalité de cet édifice puisqu’un troisième espace, en partie excavé, était logé dans son tiers occidental. D’autres aménagements placés dans le même bâtiment (citerne, cave) témoignent de la volonté des concepteurs du projet de faciliter le travail des hospitalières et de concilier au mieux les exigences du sacré et du soin des corps. Le modèle proposé fut jugé efficient par les contemporains puisqu’il influence, quelques années plus tard, la construction du grand bâtiment sur rue des hospices de Beaune. Enfin, la fouille de deux ensembles clos nous renseigne sur l’environnement matériel des malades et du personnel ainsi que sur différents aspects du soin : alimentation, hygiène et remèdes. La découverte de deux aspersoirs en verre témoigne de l’influence du monde arabe sur la composition du matériel utilisé dans l’hôpital du xve siècle.
Les herbiers dans l’Ouest de la France (1850-1914) : des collections d’amateurs de sciences ?
Authors: Couëffé Louise 
Published: January 2024

L’extension de la pratique de la botanique à partir du milieu du xixe siècle, la multiplicité de pratiques de constitution d’herbiers posent la question la valeur épistémique des herbiers, qui repose sur une orthopraxie commune aux collecteurs. Les motivations intellectuelles ou psychologiques des collecteurs, leur insertion dans différents réseaux les conduisent parfois à adopter d’autres pratiques, critiquées par les botanistes. L’herbier participe ainsi au positionnement de leurs auteurs en tant qu’amateurs de sciences.
Learning how to knap flint on the Aurignacian site of Bourg-Charente (Charente, France): cognitive interactions and societal implications
Authors: Connet Nelly , Bertran Pascal , Claud Émilie , Larmignat Blandine , Boitard Ève 
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The Palaeolithic site of Bourg-Charente (Charente, France) is a multi-level site on a calcareous slope on the left bank of the Charente River (France). The Aurignacian level, which is the subject of this article, has been preserved over a surface of 1,000 m2 and includes 12 concentrations of flint artefacts representing as many knapping areas. According to the taphonomic and dynamic analyses (including refitting), seven of them can be considered contemporary and can be the subject of a palethnological analysis. Bones are not preserved, but the functional analysis carried out on the lithic remains makes it possible to identify specific activity areas with, on the one hand, cutting and butchering activities conducted in synchrony with flintknapping and, on the other, scraping activities requiring tools produced in advance. One of the concentrations of flint artefacts corresponds to a knapping learning area. Although distinct from the other activity areas while not far from them, the links between areas testify to interactions between learners and experienced tailors/tutor. The relationships observed between these groups enable us to propose that the main objective of these knapping exercises was the acquisition and control of the gestures required to obtain flakes.
Babao Dan Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression in vivo through Multiple Signaling Pathways
Authors: Shang Hai-Xia , Fang Yi , Guan Bin , Guan Jian-Hua , Peng Jun , Zhao Jin-Yan , Lin Jiu-Mao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to explore the effects of Babao dan (BBD), a traditional Chinese medicine, on gastric cancer (GC) progressionin vivo.Materials and Methods:A subcutaneous xenograft mouse model of GC was established using MGC80-3 cells. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP: 2’-deoxyuridine 5’-triphosphate -biotin nick-end labeling method was adopted to detect cell apoptosisin vivo. The expression levels of proteins associated with proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were measured by immunohistochemical staining or western blotting (WB). The activation and protein levels of p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p-p38, p-extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2, p-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and p-STAT3 were examined by Bio-plex and WB.Results:BBD significantly inhibited tumor growth in GC mouse models with no adverse effect on body weight or organ function. It was also found that BBD significantly suppressed the proliferation of GC tumor cells, induced the apoptosis of tumor cells, and inhibited angiogenesis through inactivating with mitogen-activated protein kinase, NF-κB, and STAT3 pathways.Conclusions:BBD exerts suppressive effects on GC tumor growth by regulating multiple pathwaysin vivo, which may provide a novel treatment option for GC therapy.
Comparison of Dental Implant Placement Accuracy Using a Static Surgical Guide, a Virtual Guide and a Manual Placement Method - An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Lysenko Anna V. , Yaremenko Andrey I. , Ivanov Vladimir M. , Lyubimov Aleksandr I. , Leletkina Natalia A. , Prokofeva Alina A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The use of a surgical guide during pre-operative planning significantly increases the efficiency and safety of dental implantation. However, the current widespread use of static navigation has led to a decrease in accuracy. Dynamic navigation, on the other hand, can be an alternative. This study compared the accuracy of dental implant placement on jaw models using static navigation, a virtual guide and the manual placement method.

Materials and Methods:
Nine patients with favourable conditions were selected, and three-dimensional full-body jaw models were set up. Group I had 21 implants placed using static navigation, Group II had 21 implants placed using dynamic navigation and Group III had 21 implants placed using the ‘free hand’ method. Placement accuracy was calculated by the deviation between the planned implant position and the actual position obtained from post-operative cone-beam computed tomography and model scanning.

Results:
The deviation from the planned implant position was 0.4° in Group I and 0.5° in Group II. The ‘free hand’ method yielded the worst result, with a statistically significant difference between Groups I and II. However, implantation using dynamic navigation showed a lower variance of deviation, with the majority of implants having a deviation ≤0.5 mm (86% compared to 67% in the static navigation group).

Discussion:
The accuracy of implant positioning using a virtual guide with dynamic imaging was comparable to static navigation and surpassed the accuracy obtained using the ‘free hand’ technique. This study highlights the potential of dynamic navigation control in dental implantology and warrants further clinical research to improve this system.
Patient-Specific Implants in Maxillofacial Reconstruction - A Case Report
Authors: Joshi Samir , Salema Hamza Javed , Pawar Sudhir , Nair Vivek Sunil , Koranne Vaishali , Sane Vikrant Dilip 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Rationale:
The successful utilisation of three dimensional (3D) techniques in engineering a titanium patient specific implant (PSI) for a patient who underwent hemimaxillectomy following post COVID mucormycosis infection.

Patient Concerns:
Issues related to problems associated with resection following mucormycosis, such as occlusal function, aesthetics and facial asymmetry.

Diagnosis:
The patient affected by mucormycosis was left with Aramany class 1 and Cordeiro type II sub total maxillectomy defect.

Treatment:
The patient was operated for mucormycosis followed by reconstruction with patient specific implant.

Outcome:
Positive clinical outcomes, including improved facial symmetry, function and psychological well being with immediate replacement of the teeth, the benefits of which far outweigh the traditional approach.

Take away Lessons:
The advances in the use of PSI by integration of 3D printing and computer aided design computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology for extensive and challenging defects in the maxillofacial region have been highlighted in this case report.
Incidence and Management of Tooth Root Fracture in Mandibular Fracture Line - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sahoo Nanda Kishore , Dubey Prajesh , Vaswani Himani , Pandey Swati 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In cases of trauma, the most common fractures of the facial region are the nasal bone fractures followed by mandibular fractures. About 60% of mandible fractures are associated with teeth in the fracture line; however conversely, the dentulous mandible has a higher susceptibility of fracture in any impact. Whenever a tooth is involved in the fracture line, it is not unlikely that the tooth root fracture will be associated with it. The prognosis and treatment of such a tooth persistent in a fracture line depends upon the level of tooth root fracture.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in a Meerut hospital. The eligibility criteria were based on the cases involving fracture line passing through the teeth bearing area of mandible. Total of 56 cases of mandibular fracture treated from January 2021 till December 2022 by open reduction and fixation were included in the study.

Results:
A total of 56 patients (66 fracture lines) with mandibular fractures were selected, out of which 18 (32%) patients had fracture of the root of the tooth in the fracture line. Third molar root fracture were present in 12 cases (66.6%), first premolars in 4 cases (22.2%), and first molars in 2 cases (11.1%). There were 14 multi rooted teeth (77.7%) and 4 single rooted teeth (22.2%) involvement. All the multi rooted teeth fracture were treated by extraction during open reduction and fracture fixation. The single rooted teeth were successfully treated by endodontic treatment postoperatively.

Discussion:
The fracture line passing through the dentate segment may fracture the tooth crown and/or root or propagate through the socket without any injury to the root. Root fracture at cervical and middle third is constantly exposed to oral fluids. The affected tooth may be mobile and lose vitality. Teeth in the line of fracture must be removed when they preclude the correct reduction of the segments or if they represent a risk for infection. If the tooth or root does not cause any hindrance during reduction or it is not infected, the tooth can be salvaged by endodontic therapy. The incidence of root fracture was seen in 32% of cases. Fracture of the third molar roots was the single largest group (66.6%). No root fracture was observed in the anterior segment.
Maxillofacial Soft-tissue Healing Efficacy between Nano-chitosan and Collagen–Chitosan Membrane – A Comparative Study
Authors: Kumar N Harish , Samuel Soumi , Mathew Suseela , Jacob M. Rosemol , Amruth P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Routine wound management in maxillofacial trauma with soft-tissue injury needs to be addressed in a systematic way to prevent untoward complications. In this study, we examined the effects of a novel surgical dressing material on pain, wound healing and scar and its feasibility to common people. Our aim is to compare the efficacy and potency of the nano-chitosan membrane and collagen–chitosan membrane as surgical dressing materials for soft-tissue wounds in the maxillofacial region.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty participants who sustained soft-tissue injury in the maxillofacial region were included in the study. Post-suturing, Group A participants were treated with nano-chitosan membrane impregnated with chlorhexidine, Group B participants were treated with collagen–chitosan membrane impregnated with chlorhexidine and Group C participants had received chlorhexidine powder as conventional wound care management and recalled and evaluated for wound healing, pain and scar at seventh day, one month and three months postoperatively.

Results:
The wound healing efficacy of both Group A and B participants was nearly comparable and Group A had better wound healing (P = 0.043) when compared to conventional chlorhexidine dressing material. In relation to pain intensity, Group A was reported with a low intensity of pain and also with better results in scar assessment at the third-month follow-up.

Discussion:
This study had proven that even though the wound healing efficacy of both nano-chitosan and collagen–chitosan membranes is nearly comparable, nano-chitosan shows better results on the evaluation of parameters such as wound healing, pain and scar. Nano-chitosan membrane has better wound healing when compared to conventional chlorhexidine dressing material.
Developing mathematical models to compare and analyse the pharmacokinetics of morphine and fentanyl
Authors: Shenoy Prathvi , Rao Mahadev , Chokkadi Shreesha , Bhatnagar Sushma , Salins Naveen 
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims:
The two-compartment model is generally used in pharmacokinetics to illustrate the distribution and excretion of drugs. In this study, we evaluated the distribution patterns of morphine and fentanyl by using a two-compartment model.

Methods:
Using numeric analysis techniques, non-linear ordinary differential equations were used to mathematically analyse drug distribution, transition, and concentration in the body compartments. Math Works, Inc., MATLAB, version 2023a, a programming tool, was used to characterise the impact of initial concentration and rate constants on the kinetics of the drug. For a definite therapeutic concentration of morphine and fentanyl in blood, pharmacokinetic characteristics were plotted.

Results:
The study results showed the time taken by morphine and fentanyl to reach a target concentration in the blood that is sufficient to generate the preferred therapeutic effects. The mathematical models comparing morphine and fentanyl pharmacokinetics showed that fentanyl reached the target therapeutic concentration 125 minutes earlier than morphine and was metabolised and removed from the body more rapidly (44 minutes earlier than morphine).

Conclusion:
These comparative mathematical models on morphine and fentanyl enable the determination of drug dosages and understanding of drug efficacy that facilitates optimising dosing regimens. The right choice between them can be made based on the time to reach the target therapeutic concentration in the blood, elimination time, severity of pain, and patient characteristics.
Faculty development programmes in simulation-based teaching: An exploration of current practices
Authors: Soni Lipika , Ramachandran Rashmi , Rewari Vimi 
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims:
Simulation-based teaching (SBT) has become integral to healthcare education, offering a dynamic and immersive learning experience for bridging theoretical knowledge with real-world clinical practice. Faculty members play a crucial role in shaping the effectiveness of simulation-based education, necessitating the implementation of comprehensive faculty development programmes. This scoping review explores existing literature on training programmes for simulation-based teaching, focusing on strategies employed and the overall impact on educators and the quality of simulation-based education.

Methods:
The scoping review comprised five sequential steps: identifying the research question; identifying relevant studies; study selection; charting the data; and collating, summarising, and reporting the results. The research questions focused on existing practices and approaches in faculty development for simulation-based teaching, challenges or barriers reported, and the effectiveness of utilised methods and strategies.

Results:
A systematic search of databases yielded 13 studies meeting inclusion criteria out of 1570 initially screened papers. These studies provided insights into various aspects of faculty development programmes, including their nature, duration, and participant profiles. Despite the diversity in approaches, detailed, specialty-specific programmes were scarce, especially in anaesthesiology. Challenges, while implicit, lacked explicit exploration. Most studies reported positive outcomes, emphasising achievement of learning objectives, appreciable course content, and relevance to teaching practices.

Conclusion:
This scoping review describes the existing literature regarding the faculty training or development programmes related to SBT. The programmes target various health professionals and have a wide range of durations. The need for such a programme targeting anaesthesiologists is emphasised.
Reopening the severely contracted lens capsular bag post phaco-vitrectomy by mini anterior peripheral capsulorhexis and visco-dissection
Authors: Jiang Feng , Zhang Ye , Chen Fei-Fei , Liu Ya-Jun , Xie Zheng-Gao 
Published: January 2024

To introduce a novel technique for reopening the capsular bag with severe fibrosis for aphakic patients after primary phaco-vitrectomy. Ocular viscosurgical device (OVD) was injected into the anterior chamber. An area of the anterior capsule was identified where the fibrosis was less severe and therefore left a wider healthy peripheral capsule. A cystitome was used to perforate the anterior capsule near the anterior capsular margin, and care was taken not to injure the posterior capsule below. The mini anterior capsulorhexis was then performed with capsular forceps, approximately 2 mm in diameter. A blunt cannula was used to slightly separate the anterior and posterior capsule right at the mini capsulorhexis. OVD was then injected slowly and continuously through the mini-opening to separate the two layers until the capsular bag was completely reopened. A foldable IOL was implanted into the capsular bag. Four consecutive cases (4 eyes) were enrolled in this study. All the fibrotic capsular bags in four eyes were reopened by mini anterior peripheral capsulorhexis combined with visco-dissection. Secondary in-the-bag IOL implantation was carried out smoothly.

Conclusion:
This novel surgical technique is safe and effective in reopening the capsular bag with severe fibrosis after primary phaco-vitrectomy.
The debatable role of aspirin as a primary prophylactic drug for coronary artery disease: A review
Authors: Manak Seema , Inder Deep 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aspirin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis in platelets and prevents platelet aggregation. It is commonly employed as an antiplatelet drug in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). CVDs are no longer limited to the elderly group; the incidence of myocardial infarction has increased in the young adult population too. Low-dose aspirin (75–325 mg/day) has an established role in secondary prophylaxis of CVD, but its role in primary prophylaxis is debatable. It increases the risk of bleeding. Therefore, it is an attempt to understand the therapeutic status of aspirin as a prophylactic drug, and hence, this review is needed to understand its role.
Digital Transformation in Pharmaceutical Supply Chain: An African Case
Authors: Ashiwaju Bankole Ibrahim , Agho Mercy Odochi , Okogwu Casandra , Orikpete Ochuko Felix , Daraojimba Chibuike 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
The pharmaceutical supply chain, pivotal in ensuring timely and efficient delivery of medical goods, has experienced significant challenges in the African context. Infrastructure deficiencies, fragmented distribution networks, and limited transparency have historically been obstacles in ensuring the consistent flow of essential drugs and treatments.

Materials and Methods:
The transformative power of digital technologies in reconfiguring the pharmaceutical supply chain across Africa. Drawing on multiple case studies, this paper presents evidence of how technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT) are being employed to enhance traceability, improve inventory management, and optimize distribution routes. These digital innovations are not only ensuring the integrity of medicines by reducing counterfeit products but are also enhancing the agility of the supply chain to respond to sudden market and health demands.

Results:
Executed in a thorough data analysis strategy to interpret the results and extract significant insights by investigating the challenges faced in this digital transformation, which include the need for skills development, infrastructure investment, and the creation of supportive regulatory environments. The study underscores the role of partnerships between governments, international organizations, and private enterprises in driving these innovations.

Conclusion:
While the journey of digital transformation in Africa’s pharmaceutical supply chain is ongoing, there are promising strides being made. By embracing digital solutions, Africa is positioning itself to better tackle health challenges and ensuring that its populace has access to genuine and essential medicines. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of digital transition strategies and offers actionable insights for stakeholders involved in global health and supply chain management.
Investigating the Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Essential Oil on Hemato-biochemical Indices, Immune Response, and Oxidative Stress of Weaned Rabbits
Authors: Alagbe J. O. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aims:
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil on haemato-biochemical indices, immune response and oxidative stress of weaned rabbits.

Methods:
Sixty healthy weanling crossbred male rabbits (4 weeks old) with an initial body weight (BW) of 460.1 ± 0.25 g were grouped based on their BW into four treatments containing treatment 1 (T1) of a base diet without E. camaldulensis oil (ECO), T2, T3, and T4 were fed basal diets with 200 mg, 400 mg, and 600 mg/kg, respectively, in a completely randomized design. Feed and clean water was supplied ad libitum throughout the experiment which lasted for 56 days.

Results:
All haematological parameters (pack cell volume, red blood cell, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentrations, white blood cells and its differentials) were higher (P<0.05) in T2, T3 and T4 relative to T1. Total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and alanine phosphatase values were greater in ECO supplemented diets whereas urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and bicarbonate were influenced by the treatments.

Conclusion:
However, all values were within the optimal range for healthy rabbits. Immunoglobulins, melanodialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity were higher (P<0.05) in T2, T3 and T4 than in other diet. Result revealed that ECO can be supplemented up to 600 mg/kg without negatively affecting the performance and health status of rabbits.