bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barnacles dominate the winter diet of Calidris maritima (Purple Sandpiper) in Maine: A bona fide dietary shift or molecular techniques revealing an unknown diet composition?
Authors: Johnston Elliot M , Mittelhauser Glen H , Foster Jeffrey T , Mau Rebecca L , Gibson Alexandra A , Gillece John D , Klemmer Amanda J , Olsen Brian J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
At temperate latitudes, the overwintering period for birds is often longer than subsequent periods, and lower daily foraging success during this period may produce population-level impacts that are similar to or larger than those reported during shorter periods of the annual cycle. In this study, we use DNA metabarcoding of fecal samples to reveal previously undocumented characteristics of the winter diet of Calidris maritima (Purple Sandpiper) in Maine (USA), with potential implications for this population’s local overwintering declines during a recent 10-yr period. Of the 24 taxonomic groups detected, barnacles were the dominant prey item while mussels—a common diet item in previous studies—were rare. In addition, we identified both expected prey taxa (e.g., marine snails) and several less-expected taxa (e.g., terrestrial insects). Our study is the first to employ molecular techniques to describe C. maritima diet, and as a result, may have uncovered an unknown diet composition that was difficult to detect with morphological techniques. Alternatively, our results may be at least in part due to a recent dietary shift during a period of increased environmental warming in the Gulf of Maine, which has previously been correlated with declines of marine invertebrates that are known C. maritima prey items. This period of accelerated warming coincided with a steep decline in Maine’s C. maritima overwintering population that occurred from 2004 to 2014. The relationship between a putative dietary shift in our study and the recent declines in overwintering C. maritima in Maine is intriguing, but unclear and requires further tests of winter food limitation. Regardless, utilizing a novel technique to understand C. maritima diet has shed light on this species’ food resources during the long overwintering period.
Linking plant genes to arthropod community dynamics: Current progress and future challenges
Authors: Barbour Matthew A , Pérez-López Cintia Beatriz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Plant genetic variation can play a key role in shaping ecological communities. Prior work investigated the effects of coarse-grain variation among plant genotypes on their diverse arthropod communities. Several recent studies, however, have leveraged the boom of genomic resources to study how genome-wide plant variation influences associated communities. These studies have demonstrated that the effects of plant genomic variation are not just detectable but can be important drivers of arthropod communities in natural ecosystems. Field common gardens and lab-based mesocosm experiments are also revealing candidate genes that have large effects on arthropod communities. While we highlight these exciting results, we also discuss key challenges to address in future research. We argue that a major hurdle lies in the integration of genomic tools with hierarchical models of species communities (HMSC). HMSC are generative models that provide the opportunity to not only better understand the processes underlying community change, but to also predict community dynamics. We also advocate for future research to apply models of genomic prediction to explore the genetic architecture of arthropod community phenotypes. We hypothesize that this genetic architecture will follow an exponential distribution, where a few genes of large effect, but also many genes of small effect, contribute to variation in arthropod communities. The next generation of studies linking plant genes to community dynamics will require interdisciplinary collaborations to build truly predictive models of plant genetic and arthropod community change.
Proving research misconduct
Authors: Leclerc Olivier 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Detecting and punishing violations of research integrity requires first having to prove them. However, establishing proof of research misconduct presents a number of challenges. Firstly, it has to be conducted in a variety of contexts, including before research integrity officers, university disciplinary committees, civil courts, criminal courts, at first instance and on appeal. In each of these instances, the rules of evidence have their own specific features. Secondly, it may be necessary to prove not only material facts, but also circumstances that are more difficult to grasp, such as intention or negligence. In addition, not all evidence is admissible, as it may breach a duty of fairness or protected secrets. Consequently, research integrity officers and judges may be unable to consider all relevant evidence when assessing allegations of misconduct. This article examines the legal issues pertaining to the proof of research misconduct, based on French law and the law of the European Convention on Human Rights. This article examines the burden of proof, the object of proof, the admissibility of evidence and the exclusion of evidence. It identifies the differences in evidence that exist depending on whether investigations into research misconduct are conducted before research integrity officers or before the courts. It analyses the justifications for these differences and concludes that the role of research integrity officers should not be confused with that of judges, even if this leads to differences in the proving of research misconduct.
A phase 2 randomized trial of safety and pharmacokinetics of IgPro20 and IgPro10 in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis
Authors: Denton Christopher P , Kowal-Bielecka Otylia , Proudman Susanna M , Olesińska Marzena , Worm Margitta , Del Papa Nicoletta , Matucci-Cerinic Marco , Radewonuk Jana , Jochems Jeanine , Panaite Adrian , Shebl Amgad , Krupa Anna , Allanore Yannick , Hofmann Jutta H , Gasior Maria J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The primary objective was the safety of s.c. immunoglobulin, IgPro20 (Hizentra, CSL Behring) in adults with dcSSc. Secondary objectives included pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of IgPro20, and safety and pharmacokinetics of IVIG, IgPro10 (Privigen, CSL Behring).

Methods
In this prospective, multicentre, randomized, open-label, crossover phase 2 study (NCT04137224), patients (aged ≥18 years) with dcSSc were assigned to 16 weeks of IgPro20 (0.5 g/kg/week) followed by 16 weeks of IgPro10 (2 g/kg/4 weeks over two to five sessions), or vice versa. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), serious adverse events (SAEs), infusion site reactions (ISRs), clinical tests, pharmacokinetic and bioavailability were assessed.

Results
Twenty-seven patients were randomized from 9 October 2019 to 31 August 2021. In total, 22 patients (81.5%) experienced 107 TEAEs (IgPro20, 49; IgPro10, 58); most were mild/moderate. Six patients (22.2%) experienced 10 SAEs (IgPro20, 6; IgPro10, 4); no treatment-related SAEs and no deaths were reported. IgPro20 ISR rate was low (2 per 100 infusions). Maximum IgG concentration [mean (s.d.)] was numerically lower following IgPro20 [23.7 (1.2) g/l] vs IgPro10 [46.1 (1.2) g/l], as was the geometric mean dose-normalized, baseline-corrected area under the concentration–time curve from time point 0 to tau [IgPro20, 44.8 (1.4) h*g/l; IgPro10, 60.2 (1.4) h*g/l]. The bioavailability of IgPro20 relative to IgPro10 was 76.1%.

Conclusion
This study shows that in patients with dcSSc, safety, pharmacokinetic and bioavailability profiles of IgPro20, and safety and pharmacokinetics of IgPro10, are similar to those observed in other approved indications.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04137224
Associations between objectively measured sleep characteristics and six-minute walk distance in older adults: the Disparities in Sleep and Cognitive Outcomes (DISCO) study
Authors: Chapagai Swaty , Harrington Katharine , Alexandria Shaina J , Vu Thanh-Huyen T , Khan Sadiya S , Carnethon Mercedes R , Knutson Kristen L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Study Objectives
A decline in physical functioning in older adults has been associated with a higher risk of chronic diseases. Subjective sleep disturbances have been associated with declines in physical functioning with aging. We examined the association between objectively measured sleep characteristics and 6-minute walk distance, a marker of functional capacity, in a sample of older adults.

Methods
This analysis included 199 participants who were enrolled in the Disparities in Sleep and Cognitive Outcomes (DISCO) study, a longitudinal cohort of older adults aged ≥55 years. Exposures included: sleep duration, sleep percentage, sleep fragmentation, and sleep regularity index measured using 7 days of wrist actigraphy; sleep stages including non-rapid eye movement (REM) stage 3 (N3) and REM, and apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) measured using an overnight type 2 home polysomnography. The primary outcome was the total distance walked in 6 minutes (6MWD). Multiple linear regression was used for analysis.

Results
The mean age of participants was 67.6 (SD = 6.3) years (range 55–84 years), 69.3% were women, 62.3% were white and 84.4% were non-Hispanic. The average 6 MWD was 476.0 (SD = 95.6) meters. In adjusted models (B [95% CI]), higher sleep percentage (2.65 [0.22, 5.08] percent) and greater sleep regularity (1.03 [0.0047, 2.05] units) were associated with higher 6 MWD. Greater sleep fragmentation was associated with lower 6 MWD (−2.56 [−4.02, −1.10] percent). Sleep duration, N3, REM, and AHI were not associated with 6 MWD.

Conclusions
Poorer objective sleep quality and irregular sleep were associated with poorer functional capacity in older adults. Future work should test whether improving sleep quality and regularity improves physical functioning and overall health in older adults.
Patient-reported quality of life outcomes with mandibular advancement versus continuous positive airway pressure: insights from the CRESCENT trial
Authors: Colpani Juliana Tereza , Ou Yi-Hui , Thakumar Annushiah Vasan , Cheong Crystal S , Loke Weiqiang , Sia Ching-Hui , Teo Yao-Hao , Chan Siew-Pang , Chin Calvin W , Kojodjojo Pipin , Chan Mark Y , Cistulli Peter A , Luo Nan , Lee Chi-Hang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Study Objectives
We compared mandibular advancement device (MAD) versus continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on quality-of-life (QoL) in a prespecified analysis of the CRESCENT trial.

Methods
Two hundred and twenty participants over age 40 with Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), hypertension, and increased cardiovascular risk from three public hospitals were randomly assigned to MAD or CPAP (1:1). Multi-dimensional QoL questionnaires were administered at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Three sleep-related QoL questionnaires: Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ), and Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index (SAQLI). Two generic QoL questionnaires: EuroQoL 5-D (EQ-5D) and Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF36).

Results
MAD adherence was 5.5 (3.9–6.9) hours at 6 months and 5.0 (3.3–6.1) hours at 12 months. CPAP adherence was 4.9 (3.3–6.1) hours at 6 months and 4.8 (3.3–5.7) hours at 12 months. Both groups showed improvements in sleep-related QoL. ESS improved at 6 and 12 months (p &lt; .001), with a between-group difference favoring CPAP at 6 months (Δ 1.45 [0.44 to 2.46], p = .005). FOSQ improved at 6 and 12 months (p &lt; .001), with a between-group difference favoring CPAP at 12 months (Δ −0.91 [−1.77 to −0.05], p = .038). SAQLI improved at 6 and 12 months (p &lt; .001) without between-group differences. For generic QoL questionnaires, SF-36 improved in most domains at 6 and 12 months, with the Social Functioning section favoring CPAP at 12 months (p = .013). EQ-5D improved at 12 months, with a trend favoring CPAP (p = .053).

Conclusions
MAD and CPAP effectively improved sleep-related QoL and some aspects of generic QoL. CPAP improved sleep-related QoL to a greater extent than MAD.

Clinical Trial Name
The Cardiosleep Research Program on OSA, Blood Pressure Control and Maladaptive Myocardial Remodeling—Non-inferiority Trial (CRESCENT). URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04119999?locStr=Singapore&country=Singapore&cond=Obstructive%20Sleep%20Apnea&aggFilters=ages:adult%20older,studyType:int&rank=6
TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04119999.
Continuous positive airway pressure versus conventional oxygen therapy in meconium aspiration syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mustaqeem Arifa , Yadav Anita , Kumar Jogender , Debata Pradeep 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) frequently require respiratory support. However, the initial mode of respiratory support in these patients remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP), compared to conventional oxygen therapy, reduces the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in neonates with MAS. In this open-label randomized controlled trial, neonates born at &gt;34 weeks of gestation who developed mild to moderate respiratory distress within the first 24 hours were randomly allocated to the nCPAP or oxygen hood (5–10 l/min) group. The primary outcome was the need for intubation and IMV during the first 72 hours of life. The secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality before discharge, air leaks, sepsis, pulmonary hypertension, duration of respiratory support, and hospital stay. We analyzed the data using the intention-to-treat method. Eighty neonates (40 in each group) were enrolled. There was no statistically significant difference in the need for IMV between the nCPAP and oxygen hood groups (4 [10%] vs. 5 [12.5%]; relative risk, 0.80; 95% CI: 0.23–2.76). Primary respiratory support failure rates, mortality, pulmonary hypertension, and other outcomes were comparable between the groups. In this trial, nCPAP therapy was not superior to conventional oxygen therapy for the treatment of mild to moderate MAS.

Trial registration
Clinical Trial Registry of India (CRTI/2020/02/023529)
Is Early and Recurrent Anemia in a Preterm Infant a Risk Factor for Neonatal Appendicitis?
Authors: Alvarado Socarras Jorge L. , Theurel Martín Delia E. , Franco Mateus Beatriz H. , Medina Medina Edwin A. , Orejarena Adriana P. , Parra Reyes Hernando 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Neonatal appendicitis (NA) is a rare condition with an estimated incidence of 0.04% to 0.2%. It is more prevalent in male preterm infants, with a mortality rate of 20% to 25%. It is usually misdiagnosed as neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) owing to its diverse diagnostic challenges. Poor perfusion, hypoxia, anemia, or any other condition that impairs intestinal blood supply is a risk factor for bowel injury, which could explain the physiopathology of NA.

Clinical Findings:
We describe an interesting case of a preterm infant with recurrent episodes of abdominal distension and persistent anemia who was finally diagnosed with NA.

Primary Diagnosis:
The patient was treated with exploratory laparotomy and appendicectomy, with further symptom resolution. The diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examination.

Interventions:
Surgery for acute abdomen secondary to perforated appendicitis.

Outcomes:
Improved recurrent abdominal distension and persistent anemia and achieved full enteral nutrition. Patients with other diseases such as Hirschsprung’s disease were ruled out.

Practice Recommendations:
This case demonstrates that identifying the early signs and symptoms of NA requires a high index of suspicion. Anemia may play a significant role in the etiology of intestinal injury, increasing the risk of NA and NEC. Further studies are needed to explore the association between anemia and intestinal injury and its implications for neurodevelopment.
Voices from the frontline: Perspectives from certified nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists and physician assistants at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Dickerman Katherine N. , Chao Cara A. , Rondinelli Nicole M. , Brackett Hareklia L. , Schulte Martina M. , Bowden Kasey R. , Burden Marisha A. , Chrastil Hillary J. , Morrison Katherine T. , Jensen Kristin M. , Seggelke Stacey A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated already existing stressors within health care. In August 2020, a campus-wide COVID-19 well-being survey indicated high levels of burnout, stress, and mental health concerns among certified nurse practitioners (CNPs), clinical nurse specialists (CNSs), and physician assistants (PAs) within our Department of Medicine.

Purpose:
In response to this survey, an interdisciplinary task force was formed by CNPs, CNSs, and PAs across departmental specialty divisions to conduct focus groups to gain a deeper understanding of workplace experience both prepandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology:
As part of a quality-improvement project, 14 focus groups involving 34 CNPs, CNSs, and PAs within our department were conducted to better understand their experiences before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A rapid qualitative analysis was used to identify themes and subthemes. In this article, we explore these themes and review potential solutions solicited from the focus groups.

Results:
The following themes were identified: (1) the importance of being valued; (2) the need for career development opportunities; and (3) the significance of professional fulfillment.

Conclusions:
Each of these themes existed before, but was exacerbated by, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The manifestation of these stressors is unique to the CNPs, CNSs, and PAs experience, although the larger themes may overlap with physician colleagues.

Implications:
To improve the professional experience and well-being of CNPs, CNSs, and PAs at our institution, it will be critical for leadership to acknowledge these differences and develop specific initiatives to address these concerns.
Health Care Utilization and Expenditure Associated With Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Adesoba Taiwo P. , Brown Clare C. , Felix Holly C. , Baloh Jure , Lipschitz Riley , Goudie Anthony 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) often experience musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), which complicate health care provision and negatively impact their health and health care utilization and expenditure. The objective of this study was to estimate the incremental health care utilization and expenditure associated with MSD among adult T2D patients in the United States overall and by race/ethnicity.

Methods:
A sample (unweighted n=6205) of noninstitutionalized US adults with a T2D diagnosis was obtained from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), panels 2015–2016 to 2019–2020. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce selection bias between participants with and without MSD. Differences in health care utilization were estimated using negative binomials, while expenditures were estimated using generalized linear models and 2-part models. Outcomes were estimated overall and by race and ethnicity.

Results:
Among the sample of patients with T2D before PSM, 52% had MSD. In the matched sample, increased utilization associated with MSD occurred across all health care service types, with prescription medications (13.31; 95% CI: 11.12, 15.50) having the largest increase. The increased total expenditure associated with MSD among T2D patients was $5712 (95% CI: $4278, $7147), and the major drivers were office and inpatient expenditures. Increased total expenditure associated with MSD was highest among Hispanic patients ($8490; 95% CI: $4744, $12,237).

Conclusions:
MSD is associated with increased utilization and expenditure among T2D patients, particularly Hispanics. Efforts targeting earlier recognition and management of MSD may reduce excess utilization and expenditure, and also racial/ethnic disparities.
Real-world implementation of geriatric assessment in cancer care among older adults: the role of implementation science frameworks
Authors: Blackberry Irene , Boak Jennifer , Rasekaba Tshepo , Steer Christopher 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
The evidence supporting geriatric assessment (GA) in cancer care is well established, and GA is recommended by the American Society of Clinical Oncology, the International Society of Geriatric Oncology, and other oncology bodies. However, effective implementation of GA remains inadequate. Using selected papers indexed in Medline from the most recent 18 months to July 2024, including two outstanding interest papers, this review aimed to describe enablers and barriers to GA implementation in oncology and contrasts implementation with and without an implementation science framework. Finally, we make recommendations on applying an implementation science framework to facilitate integrating GA in oncology.

Recent findings
Implementation science frameworks have been widely employed in health services research, but their use in geriatric oncology, particularly to guide GA implementation and evaluation, is limited. Lack of time in busy practices coupled with workforce shortages adds to the challenges of GA implementation and adoption. A variety of screening and assessment tools such as the G8, electronic rapid fitness assessment, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group are often used in lieu of geriatrician review and to streamline GA. When effectively implemented in oncology, GA informs care and treatment decisions for improved outcomes.

Summary
Despite the benefits for older adults, embedding GA into routine clinical practice is critical yet not common practice. The variety of available GA tools, logistics, and individual beliefs are some of the identified barriers to GA adoption in oncology. Enablers include organization readiness, adaptability, communication, and the use of multidisciplinary teams. Further research is needed to examine how implementation science frameworks could provide guidance and structure for successful GA implementation in oncology.
Buprenorphine: an old dog with new tricks
Authors: Ng Ai Deen , Dickman Andrew 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
The survival rate of patients with a cancer or palliative care diagnosis has improved over the years although pain remains a debilitating symptom that many patients still require treatment with opioids. Compared to full mu-opioid receptor agonists such as morphine and oxycodone, buprenorphine continues to remain a second- or third-line choice in this group of patients.
We have reviewed the pharmacology and clinical utility of buprenorphine to stimulate debate around the first-line use of buprenorphine in the management of pain in cancer patients.

Recent findings
Buprenorphine has a pharmacological profile that is unique and unlike any other opioid. It is associated with many immediate and long-term benefits, with lower risks of adverse effects that make it an ideal first-line choice in the management of cancer pain.

Summary
Buprenorphine appears to be a promising choice of opioid for cancer patients. Studies have found that buprenorphine is a safe and effective choice for many patients, making it a suitable first-line option for the management of cancer pain.