bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spam1-associated transmission ratio distortion in mice: Elucidating the mechanism
Authors: Martin-DeLeon Patricia A , Zhang Hong , Morales Carlos R , Zhao Yutong , Rulon Michelle , Barnoski Barry L , Chen Hong , Galileo Deni S 
Published: August 2005

AbstractBackgroundWhile transmission ratio distortion, TRD, (a deviation from Mendelian ratio) is extensive in humans and well-documented in mice, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Our earlier studies on carriers of spontaneous mutations of mouse Sperm Adhesion Molecule 1 (Spam1) suggested that TRD results from biochemically different sperm, due to a lack of transcript sharing through the intercellular cytoplasmic bridges of spermatids. These bridges usually allow transcript sharing among genetically different spermatids which develop into biochemically and functionally equivalent sperm.ObjectivesThe goals of the study were to provide support for the lack of sharing (LOS) hypothesis, using transgene and null carriers of Spam1, and to determine the mechanism of Spam1-associated TRD.MethodsCarriers of Spam1-Hyal5 BAC transgenes were mated with wild-type female mice and the progeny analyzed for TRD by PCR genotyping. Sperm from transgene and Spam1 null carriers were analyzed using flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry to detect quantities of Spam1 and/or Hyal5. Transgene-bearing sperm with Spam1 overexpression were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. In wild-type animals, EM studies of in situ transcript hybridization of testis sections and Northern analysis of biochemically fractionated testicular RNA were performed to localize Spam1 transcript. Finally, AU-rich motifs identified in the 3' UTR of Spam1 RNA were assayed by UV cross-linking to determine their ability to interact with testicular RNA binding proteins.ResultsThe Tg8 line of transgene carriers had a significant (P < 0.001) TRD, due to reduced fertilizing ability of transgene-bearing sperm. These sperm retained large cytoplasmic droplets engorged with overexpressed Spam1 or Hyal5 protein. Caudal sperm from transgene carriers and caput sperm of null carriers showed a bimodal distribution of Spam1, indicating that the sperm in a male were biochemically different with respect to Spam1 quantities. Spam1 RNA was absent from the bridges, associated exclusively with the ER, and was shown to be anchored to the cytoskeleton. This compartmentalization of the transcript, mediated by cytoskeletal binding, occurs via protein interactions with 3' UTR AU-rich sequences that are likely involved in its stabilization.ConclusionWe provide strong support for the LOS hypothesis, and have elucidated the mechanism of Spam1-associated TRD.
Efficient trapping of HIV-1 envelope protein by hetero-oligomerization with an N-helix chimera
Authors: Ou Wu , Silver Jonathan 
Published: August 2005

Abstract

Background
The N-heptad repeat region of the HIV-1 Transmembrane Envelope protein is a trimerization domain that forms part of a "six helix bundle" crucial to Envelope-mediated membrane fusion. N-heptad repeat peptides have been used as extracellular reagents to inhibit virus fusion.

Results
When expressed intracellularly with wild-type HIV-1 Envelope protein, the N-heptad repeat domain efficiently hetero-oligomerized with Envelope and trapped it in the endoplasmic reticulum or early Golgi, as indicated by lack of transport to the cell surface, absent proteolytic processing, and aberrant glycosylation.

Conclusion
Post-translational processing of HIV Envelope is very sensitive to an agent that binds to the N-heptad repeat during synthesis, suggesting that it might be possible to modify drugs that bind to this region to have transport-blocking properties.
Multiplex Human Papillomavirus Serology Based on In Situ–Purified Glutathione S-Transferase Fusion Proteins
Authors: Waterboer Tim , Sehr Peter , Michael Kristina M , Franceschi Silvia , Nieland John D , Joos Thomas O , Templin Markus F , Pawlita Michael 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Background: More than 100 different human papillomaviruses (HPVs) can cause proliferative diseases, many of which are malignant, such as cervical cancer. HPV serology is complex because infection and disease lead to distinct type-specific antibody responses. Using bead-based technology, we have developed an assay platform that allows the simultaneous detection of antibodies against up to 100 in situ affinity–purified recombinant HPV proteins.
Methods: Twenty-seven HPV proteins were expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins and affinity-purified in one step by incubation of glutathione-displaying beads in bacterial lysate. Spectrally distinct bead sets, each carrying one particular antigen, were mixed, incubated with serum, and differentiated in a flow cytometer-like analyzer (xMAP; Luminex Corp). Antibodies bound to the antigens were detected via fluorescent secondary reagents. We studied 756 sera from 2 case-control studies of cervical cancer.
Results: Glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins bound with high affinity to glutathione-displaying beads (Kd = 6.9 × 10−9 mol/L). The dynamic range of multiplex serology covered 1.5 orders of magnitude, and antibodies were detected at serum dilutions &gt;1:1 000 000. Imprecision (median CV) was ≤5.4%, and assay reproducibility was high (R2 = 0.97). Results on clinical samples showed high concordance with ELISA (κ = 0.846), but multiplex serology exhibited increased detection of weak antibody responses. Antibodies to the E6 oncoproteins of the rare HPV types 52 and 58 were associated with cervical cancer (P &lt;0.001).
Conclusion: Multiplex serology enables antibody analyses of large numbers of sera against up to 100 antigens in parallel and has the potential to replace ELISA technology.
DNA Vaccination against Channel Catfish Virus Results in Minimal Immune Response and is Not Efficacious against Challenge
Authors: Harbottle Heather , Plant Karen P. , Thune Ronald L. 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
We evaluated DNA vaccination against channel catfish virus (CCV) by comparing 11 encoded genes, multiple doses, codelivery of DNA vaccines, and the resultant immune responses, as well as making a direct comparison with previously published DNA vaccines for CCV. The genes selected included immediate early genes, membrane genes, the major capsid gene, and the putative major envelope glycoprotein gene. The open reading frame (ORF) for each gene was amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction, cloned into pcDNA3.1/V5/His-TOPO, and expression of the predicted molecular weight proteins was confirmed in cell culture. Each vaccine was injected intramuscularly in doses of 50, 25, 5, or 1 μg and evaluated by immersion challenge. Detection of mRNA specific for ORF 59 and ORF 6 at the injection site indicated that the DNA vaccines were transcriptionally active in situ. Serum-neutralizing titers, enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) antibody titers, and Mx transcription were measured in response to vaccination. Significant protection was not observed in any experiment, including groups receiving multiple constructs. Published DNA vaccines encoding one of the outer membrane protein genes and the putative major envelope glycoprotein gene also failed to protect against disease in direct comparison with those constructed here, singly or in combination. Serum-neutralizing and ELISA antibody titers were generally low and not significantly different between groups. Mx transcription was induced in response to vaccination with both single and multiple DNA constructs. Although both innate and adaptive immune responses were detected in response to DNA vaccination for CCV, vaccination was not protective for any of the constructs tested.
AI Institute in Dynamic Systems: Developing machine learning and AI tools for scientific discovery, engineering design, and data‐driven control
Authors: Kutz J. Nathan , Brunton Steven L. , Manohar Krithika , Lipson Hod , Li Na 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe mission of the AI Institute in Dynamic Systems is to develop the next generation of advanced machine learning (ML) and AI tools for controlling complex physical systems by discovering physically interpretable and physics‐constrained data‐driven models through optimal sensor selection and placement. The research effort is anchored by a common task framework (CTF) that evaluates the performance of ML algorithms, architectures, and optimization schemes for the diverse tasks required in engineering applications. The aim is to push beyond the boundaries of modern techniques by closing the loop between data collection, control, and modeling, creating a unique and cross‐disciplinary architecture for learning physically interpretable and physics constrained models of complex dynamic systems from time series data. The CTF further supports sustainable and open‐source challenge datasets, which are foundational for developing interpretable, ethical, and inclusive tools to solve problems fundamental to human safety, society, and the environment.
An Intelligent Redox‐Responsive DNA Circuit for Robust On‐Site Profiling of Glutathione‐MicroRNA Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Yifei , Shang Jinhua , He Yuqiu , Zhang Qingqing , Liu Xiaoqing , Wang Fuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSynthetic biochemical circuits (e.g., DNA circuits) remain at the forefront of intracellular biosensing tasks yet are hindered by the undesired off‐site activation and the accompanying signal leakage. Herein, the study attempts to overcome this limitation by developing a simple‐yet‐powerful endogenous glutathione (GSH)‐regulating tactic that permits robust and distinguishable on‐site microRNA (miRNA) imaging under disturbed redox homeostasis. Specifically, a hierarchically activated catalytic DNA (HAD) circuit is fabricated by grafting the disulfide linkage within entropy‐driven DNA circuitry (EDC) reactants. It is exemplified that this HAD system promises the spatiotemporally selective microRNA‐21 (miR‐21) imaging in living cells and the robust differentiation of tumor cells from normal cells. The correlationship between GSH and miRNA is extensively explored in live cells, and can substantially expand the toolbox of DNA circuits for profiling intracellular biochemical processes.
Oral Delivery of the Vancomycin Derivative FU002 by a Surface‐Modified Liposomal Nanocarrier
Authors: Werner Julia , Umstätter Florian , Hertlein Tobias , Mühlberg Eric , Beijer Barbro , Wohlfart Sabrina , Zimmermann Stefan , Haberkorn Uwe , Ohlsen Knut , Fricker Gert , Mier Walter , Uhl Philipp 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOral delivery of peptide therapeutics faces multiple challenges due to their instability in the gastrointestinal tract and low permeation capability. In this study, the aim is to develop a liposomal nanocarrier formulation to enable the oral delivery of the vancomycin‐peptide derivative FU002. FU002 is a promising, resistance‐breaking, antibiotic which exhibits poor oral bioavailability, limiting its potential therapeutic use. To increase its oral bioavailability, FU002 is incorporated into tetraether lipid‐stabilized liposomes modified with cyclic cell‐penetrating peptides on the liposomal surface. This liposomal formulation shows strong binding to Caco‐2 cells without exerting cytotoxic effects in vitro. Pharmacokinetics studies in vivo in rats reveal increased oral bioavailability of liposomal FU002 when compared to the free drug. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of FU002 are preserved in the liposomal formulation. As a highlight, oral administration of liposomal FU002 results in significant therapeutic efficacy in a murine systemic infection model. Thus, the presented nanotechnological approach provides a promising strategy for enabling oral delivery of this highly active vancomycin derivative.
Lipid and Transcriptional Regulation in a Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model by Intranasal Vesicular and Hexosomal Plasmalogen‐Based Nanomedicines
Authors: Wu Yu , Wang Jieli , Deng Yuru , Angelov Borislav , Fujino Takehiko , Hossain Md. Shamim , Angelova Angelina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPlasmalogens (vinyl‐ether phospholipids) are an emergent class of lipid drugs against various diseases involving neuro‐inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered lipid metabolism. They can activate neurotrophic and neuroprotective signaling pathways but low bioavailabilities limit their efficiency in curing neurodegeneration. Here, liquid crystalline lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are created for the protection and non‐invasive intranasal delivery of purified scallop‐derived plasmalogens. The in vivo results with a transgenic mouse Parkinson's disease (PD) model (characterized by motor impairments and α‐synuclein deposition) demonstrate the crucial importance of LNP composition, which determines the self‐assembled nanostructure type. Vesicle and hexosome nanostructures (characterized by small‐angle X‐ray scattering) display different efficacy of the nanomedicine‐mediated recovery of motor function, lipid balance, and transcriptional regulation (e.g., reduced neuro‐inflammation and PD pathogenic gene expression). Intranasal vesicular and hexosomal plasmalogen‐based LNP treatment leads to improvement of the behavioral PD symptoms and downregulation of the Il6, Il33, and Tnfa genes. Moreover, RNA‐sequencing and lipidomic analyses establish a dramatic effect of hexosomal nanomedicines on PD amelioration, lipid metabolism, and the type and number of responsive transcripts that may be implicated in neuroregeneration.
Development and Application of an Advanced Biomedical Material‐Silk Sericin
Authors: Wang Jian , Liu Huan , Shi Xiaolei , Qin Sumei , Liu Jingwei , Lv Qiying , Liu Jia , Li Qilin's , Wang Zheng , Wang Lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSericin, a protein derived from silkworm cocoons, is considered a waste product derived from the silk industry for thousands of years due to a lack of understanding of its properties. However, in recent decades, a range of exciting properties of sericin are studied and uncovered, including cytocompatibility, low‐immunogenicity, photo‐luminescence, antioxidant properties, as well as cell‐function regulating activities. These properties make sericin‐based biomaterials promising candidates for biomedical applications. This review summarizes the properties and bioactivities of silk sericin and highlights the latest developments in sericin in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the extended application of sericin in developing flexible electronic devices and 3D bioprinting is also discussed. It is believed that sericin‐based biomaterials have great potential of being developed into novel tissue engineering products and smart implantable devices for various medical applications toward improving clinical outcomes.
Acoustic Higher‐Order Topological Insulators Induced by Orbital‐Interactions
Authors: Gao Feng , Peng Yu‐Gui , Xiang Xiao , Ni Xiang , Zheng Chen , Yves Simon , Zhu Xue‐Feng , Alù Andrea 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe discovery of higher‐order topological insulator metamaterials, in analogy with their condensed‐matter counterparts, has enabled various breakthroughs in photonics, mechanics, and acoustics. A common way of inducing higher‐order topological wave phenomena is through pseudo‐spins, which mimic the electron spins as a symmetry‐breaking degree of freedom. Here, this work exploits degenerate orbitals in acoustic resonant cavities to demonstrate versatile, orbital‐selective, higher‐order topological corner states. Type‐II corner states are theoretically investigated and experimentally demonstrated based on tailored orbital interactions, without the need for long‐range hoppings that has so far served as a key ingredient for Type‐II corner states in single‐orbital systems. Due to the orthogonal nature of the degenerate p orbitals, this work also introduces a universal strategy to realize orbital‐dependent edge modes, featuring high‐Q edge states identified in bulk bands. These findings provide an understanding of the interplay between acoustic orbitals and topology, shedding light on orbital‐related topological wave physics, as well as its applications for acoustic sensing and trapping.
Data Cleansing and Sub‐Unit‐Based Molecular Description Enable Accurate Prediction of The Energy Levels of Non‐Fullerene Acceptors Used in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Ting , Yuk Lin Lai Joshua , Shi Mingzhe , Li Qing , Zhang Chen , Yan He 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNon‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) have recently emerged as pivotal materials for enhancing the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). To further advance OSC efficiency, precise control over the energy levels of NFAs is imperative, necessitating the development of a robust computational method for accurate energy level predictions. Unfortunately, conventional computational techniques often yield relatively large errors, typically ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 electronvolts (eV), when predicting energy levels. In this study, the authors present a novel method that not only expedites energy level predictions but also significantly improves accuracy , reducing the error margin to 0.06 eV. The method comprises two essential components. The first component involves data cleansing, which systematically eliminates problematic experimental data and thereby minimizes input data errors. The second component introduces a molecular description method based on the electronic properties of the sub‐units comprising NFAs. The approach simplifies the intricacies of molecular computation and demonstrates markedly enhanced prediction performance compared to the conventional density functional theory (DFT) method. Our methodology will expedite research in the field of NFAs, serving as a catalyst for the development of similar computational approaches to address challenges in other areas of material science and molecular research.
Integrating Enzymes with Supramolecular Polymers for Recyclable Photobiocatalytic Catalysis
Authors: Ouyang Jingping , Zhang Zhenfang , Li Jian , Wu Changzhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChemical modifications of enzymes excel in the realm of enzyme engineering due to its directness, robustness, and efficiency; however, challenges persist in devising versatile and effective strategies. In this study, we introduce a supramolecular modification methodology that amalgamates a supramolecular polymer with Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) to create supramolecular enzymes (SupEnzyme). This approach features the straightforward preparation of a supramolecular amphiphilic polymer (β‐CD@SMA), which was subsequently conjugated to the enzyme, resulting in a SupEnzyme capable of self‐assembly into supramolecular nanoparticles. The resulting SupEnzyme nanoparticles can form micron‐scale supramolecular aggregates through supramolecular and electrostatic interactions with guest entities, thus enhancing catalyst recycling. Remarkably, these aggregates maintain 80 % activity after seven cycles, outperforming Novozym 435. Additionally, they can effectively initiate photobiocatalytic cascade reactions using guest photocatalysts. As a consequence, our SupEnzyme methodology exhibits noteworthy adaptability in enzyme modification, presenting a versatile platform for various polymer, enzyme, and biocompatible catalyst pairings, with potential applications in the fields of chemistry and biology.
Build a High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium Battery through Introducing Competitive Coordination Induction Effect in Polymer‐Based Electrolyte
Authors: Wang Tenghui , Chen Butian , Liu Chong , Li Taiguang , Liu Xiangfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPolymer‐inorganic composite electrolytes (PICE) have attracted tremendous attention in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) due to facile processability. However, the poor Li+ conductivity at room temperature (RT) and interfacial instability severely hamper the practical application. Herein, we propose a concept of competitive coordination induction effects (CCIE) and reveal the essential correlation between the local coordination structure and the interfacial chemistry in PEO‐based PICE. CCIE introduction greatly enhances the ionic conductivity and electrochemical performances of ASSLBs at 30 °C. Owing to the competitive coordination (Cs+…TFSI−…Li+, Cs+…C−O−C…Li+ and 2,4,6‐TFA…Li…TFSI−) from the competitive cation (Cs+ from CsPF6) and molecule (2,4,6‐TFA: 2,4,6‐trifluoroaniline), a multimodal weak coordination environment of Li+ is constructed enabling a high efficient Li+ migration at 30 °C (Li+ conductivity: 6.25×10−4 S cm−1; tLi+=0.61). Since Cs+ tends to be enriched at the interface, TFSI− and PF6− in situ form LiF‐Li3N‐Li2O‐Li2S enriched solid electrolyte interface with electrostatic shielding effects. The assembled ASSLBs without adding interfacial wetting agent exhibit outstanding rate capability (LiFePO4: 147.44 mAh g−1@1 C and 107.41mAhg−1@2 C) and cycling stability at 30 °C (LiFePO4:94.65 %@200cycles@0.5 C; LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2: 94.31 %@200 cycles@0.3 C). This work proposes a concept of CCIE and reveals its mechanism in designing PICE with high ionic conductivity as well as high interfacial compatibility at near RT for high‐performance ASSLBs.
Dithienoquinoxalineimide‐Based Polymer Donor Enables All‐Polymer Solar Cells Over 19 % Efficiency
Authors: Wang Zongtao , Wang Xin , Tu Lijun , Wang Hao , Du Mengzhen , Dai Tingting , Guo Qiang , Shi Yongqiang , Zhou Erjun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAll‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) have been regarded as one of the most promising candidates for commercial applications owing to their outstanding advantages such as mechanical flexibility, light weight and stable film morphology. However, compared to large amount of new‐emerging excellent polymer acceptors, the development of high‐performance polymer donor lags behind. Herein, a new D‐π‐A type polymer donor, namely QQ1, was developed based on dithienoquinoxalineimide (DTQI) as the A unit, benzodithiophene with thiophene‐conjugated side chains (BDTT) as the D unit, and alkyl‐thiophene as the π‐bridge, respectively. QQ1 not only possesses a strong dipole moment, but also shows a wide band gap of 1.80 eV and a deep HOMO energy level of −5.47 eV, even without halogen substituents that are commonly indispensable for high‐performance polymer donors. When blended with a classic polymer acceptor PY‐IT, the QQ1‐based all‐PSC delivers an outstanding PCE of 18.81 %. After the introduction of F‐BTA3 as the third component, a record PCE of 19.20 % was obtained, the highest value reported so far for all‐PSCs. The impressive photovoltaic performance originates from broad absorption range, reduced energy loss, and compact π–π stacking. These results provide new insight in the rational design of novel nonhalogenated polymer donors for further development of all‐PSCs.