bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic Trajectories From Acute to Stable Phase in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Insights From the PURSUIT‐HFpEF Study
Authors: Matsuoka Yuki , Sotomi Yohei , Nakatani Daisaku , Okada Katsuki , Sunaga Akihiro , Kida Hirota , Sato Taiki , Sakamoto Daisuke , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Komukai Sho , Seo Masahiro , Yano Masamichi , Hayashi Takaharu , Nakagawa Akito , Nakagawa Yusuke , Tamaki Shunsuke , Yasumura Yoshio , Yamada Takahisa , Hikoso Shungo , Sakata Yasushi ,   the OCVC‐Heart Failure Investigators
Published: February 2025

Background
Using machine learning for the phenotyping of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has emerged as a novel approach to understanding the pathophysiology and stratifying the patients. Our objective is to perform phenotyping of patients with HFpEF in stable phase and to investigate the phenotypic trajectory from acute worsening phase to stable phase.

Methods
The present study is a post hoc analysis of the PURSUIT‐HFpEF (Prospective Multicenter Observational Study of Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction) study. We applied the latent class analysis to the discharge data of patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure.

Results
We finally included patient data of 1100 cases and 63 features in the latent class analysis. All patients were subclassified into 5 phenogroups as follows: Phenotype 1, characterized by better renal function and lower NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) level [N=325 (29.5%)]; Phenotype 2, higher blood pressure, sinus rhythm, and poor renal function. [N=242 (22.0%)]; Phenotype 3, higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation, higher tricuspid pressure gradient, and lower tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion [N=214 (19.5%)]; Phenotype 4, higher C‐reactive protein level and higher tricuspid pressure gradient [N=245 (22.3%)]; and Phenotype 5, poor nutritional status, poor renal function, and higher NT‐proBNP level [N=74 (6.7%)]. A particular phenotype observed at the time of discharge was correlated with a distinct phenotype of acute worsening.

Conclusions
We identified 5 distinct stable phase phenotypes of the patients with HFpEF from the data at discharge. A specific phenotype at discharge was associated with a particular phenotype of acute worsening. This grouping can be a basis for future precision medicine of patients with HFpEF.

Registration

URL:
https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/
; Unique identifier: UMIN000021831.
Comparative Effectiveness of Rosuvastatin Versus Atorvastatin in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Authors: Kim Joon‐Tae , Lee Ji Sung , Kim Hyunsoo , Kim Beom Joon , Kang Jihoon , Lee Keon‐Joo , Park Jong‐Moo , Kang Kyusik , Lee Soo Joo , Kim Jae Guk , Cha Jae‐Kwan , Kim Dae‐Hyun , Park Tai Hwan , Lee Kyungbok , Lee Jun , Hong Keun‐Sik , Cho Yong‐Jin , Park Hong‐Kyun , Lee Byung‐Chul , Yu Kyung‐Ho , Oh Mi Sun , Kim Dong‐Eog , Choi Jay Chol , Kwon Jee‐Hyun , Kim Wook‐Joo , Shin Dong‐Ick , Yum Kyu Sun , Sohn Sung Il , Hong Jeong‐Ho , Lee Sang‐Hwa , Park Man‐Seok , Ryu Wi‐Sun , Park Kwang‐Yeol , Lee Juneyoung , Saver Jeffrey L. , Bae Hee‐Joon 
Published: February 2025

Background
Research specifically addressing the efficacy of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin in patients with ischemic stroke is insufficient. Using a large stroke registry, we investigated whether 2 commonly used statins, rosuvastatin and atorvastatin, differ in their effectiveness in reducing the risk of vascular events in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods
We analyzed data from a nationwide stroke registry in South Korea between January 2011 and April 2022. Patients with acute ischemic stroke within 7 days of onset who were prescribed either atorvastatin or rosuvastatin at discharge were included. The primary outcome was a composite of recurrent stroke (either hemorrhagic or ischemic), myocardial infarction, and all‐cause mortality within 1 year.

Results

A total of 43 512 patients (age, 69.2±12.5 years; male, 59.8%) were analyzed in this study. Atorvastatin was used in 84.8% (n=36 903), and rosuvastatin was used in 15.2% (n=6609). The 1‐year cumulative event rate of the composite of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and all‐cause mortality was significantly lower in the rosuvastatin group than in the atorvastatin group (9.7% [95% CI, 9.0–10.5] versus 10.7% [95% CI, 10.4–11.0];
P
=0.049). Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that rosuvastatin, compared with atorvastatin, was significantly associated with less risk of 1‐year composite of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and all‐cause mortality, with an absolute risk reduction of 1% [95% CI, −1.8 to −0.2] and a relative risk reduction of 11% (hazard ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.82–0.97]). However, there were discrepancies in the statistical significance of the results between the propensity score matching and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis.

Conclusions
The results of this analysis of a large cohort of patients with ischemic stroke suggested that, compared with atorvastatin, rosuvastatin was significantly associated with a reduced risk of a 1‐year composite of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and all‐cause mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, in real clinical practice, rosuvastatin is used less than one‐fifth as frequently as atorvastatin in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This study serves as a hypothesis‐generating function.
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Primary Aldosteronism After Adrenalectomy or Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Huang Chien‐Wei , Huang Tse‐Ying , Yang Ya‐Fei , Chang Li‐Yang , Tu Yu‐Kang , Wu Vin‐Cent , Chen Jui‐Yi 
Published: February 2025

Background
The object of this study was to investigate the incidence rate of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) among patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) after adrenalectomy or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) treatment.

Methods and Results

A systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus through April 15, 2024. Studies reporting the MACE incidence rate in patients with PA after treatment were included. We adapted the random‐effects model and performed subgroup and meta‐regression analyses. A total of 20 studies involving 16 927 patients with PA were included. There were 5939 patients with PA who underwent adrenalectomy. A total of 10 474 patients received MRA treatment. Additionally, 546 patients received either adrenalectomy or MRA treatment. The pooled incidence rate of MACE among patients with PA after treatment was 2.20/100 patient‐years (95% CI, 1.70–2.80), higher than that of non‐PA hypertension (1.20/100 patient‐years [95% CI, 0.70–2.10]). Patients with PA after adrenalectomy had a lower MACE incidence rate (2.00/100 patient‐years [95% CI, 1.40–2.60]) compared with those undergoing MRA treatment (3.30/100 patient‐years [95% CI, 2.40–4.10],
P
=0.017). Advanced age (coefficient: 0.071,
P
<0.001) and diabetes (coefficient: 0.070,
P
=0.001) increased the risk of posttreatment MACE. A curvilinear dose–response relationship between the posttreatment plasma renin activity and the MACE incidence was observed, with the lowest risks at plasma renin activity of 1.0 to 2.0 ng/mL per hour (
P
nonlinearity
<0.001).

Conclusions
The MACE incidence in treated patients with PA was 2.20 per 100 patient‐years, higher than in patients with hypertension without PA. Maintaining posttreatment plasma renin activity between 1.0 and 2.0 ng/mL per hour appears crucial for minimizing cardiovascular risk. Adrenalectomy proved more effective than MRA treatment in reducing MACE risk. Advanced age and diabetes significantly increased the risk of posttreatment MACE.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Vitamin K Antagonists After Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge‐to‐Edge Repair in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Single‐Center Observational Study
Authors: Schipper Jan‐Hendrik , Sommer Anne‐Sophie , Nies Richard Julius , Metze Clemens , Meertens Max Maria , Wörmann Jonas , Dittrich Sebastian , van den Bruck Jan‐Hendrik , Sultan Arian , Lüker Jakob , Steven Daniel , Hohmann Christopher , Pfister Roman , Baldus Stephan , Eitel Ingo , Frerker Christian , Schmidt Tobias 
Published: February 2025

Background
Mitral valve transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (M‐TEER) has emerged as a viable therapy option in patients with severe mitral regurgitation and high surgical risk. Although atrial fibrillation is common among patients undergoing M‐TEER, the optimal anticoagulatory treatment after the intervention is unknown.

Methods
A single‐center retrospective observational analysis was conducted using data from the M‐TEER registry at the University Hospital Cologne collected from 2019 untill 2021 including patients undergoing M‐TEER between November 2012 and April 2019. Patients with atrial fibrillation receiving consistent anticoagulation following M‐TEER were categorized into a direct oral anticoagulant or a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) group. The primary end point was a composite of ischemic cerebrovascular and bleeding events. Additionally, overall survival was assessed.

Results

Among 613 patients undergoing M‐TEER, 206 met the inclusion criteria, with 61 receiving direct oral anticoagulants and 145 receiving VKAs. After a median follow‐up of 833 (interquartile range, 355–1271) days, the incidence of the composite primary end point did not differ between direct oral anticoagulant and VKA groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.51 [95% CI, 0.23–1.12];
P
=0.07). Similarly, rates of ischemic cerebrovascular events and bleeding events were similar between groups. However, the overall mortality rate was higher in the VKA group (HR, 2.56 [95% CI, 1.54–4.26];
P
=0.002). In the multivariable analysis, oral anticoagulation with a VKA was an independent predictor for death (adjusted HR, 2.23 [95% CI, 1.08–5.06];
P
=0.03).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that direct oral anticoagulants may offer comparable efficacy and safety to VKAs in preventing thromboembolic events following M‐TEER in patients with atrial fibrillation. Further randomized trials are needed to confirm these results and establish optimal anticoagulation strategies in this patient population.
In Patients With Hypertension, the Cortical Perfusion Index Measured by Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Reveals a Sexual Dimorphism
Authors: Damianaki Aikaterini , Hendriks‐Balk Mariëlle , Brito Wendy , Polychronopoulou Erietta , Theiler Kenji , Pruijm Menno , Wuerzner Grégoire 
Published: February 2025

Background
Arterial hypertension is characterized by microvasculature changes and reduced tissue perfusion. It is unknown whether a sexual dimorphism of renal microcirculation is present in patients with arterial hypertension. We aimed to compare the cortical microcirculation in women and men with hypertension and to evaluate their response to sympathetic stimulation with a cold pressor test (CPT).

Methods
The cortical perfusion index (PI) measured by contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography was used as a proxy of renal microcirculation. We measured the PI at rest and during a 2‐minute CPT in patients with arterial hypertension. We used a linear mixed‐model analysis to study the effect of sex, the CPT, and their interaction on the PI.

Results

Thirty‐two participants were included (34% women). Age and body mass index were similar in both groups. Median PI was higher in women (2344 [interquartile range, 1553–2685 arbitrary units]) than men (1285 [interquartile range, 591–1741 arbitrary units],
P
=0.009). The CPT increased the PI in both groups; however, the magnitude of the response to CPT was similar in both sexes.

Conclusions
Women with arterial hypertension have a higher cortical microperfusion than men, while their microvascular reactivity to a CPT appears to be similar. This sexual dimorphism may have an impact on renal function decline, which needs further investigation.
The Retraction Gender Gap: Are Mixed Teams More Vulnerable?
Authors: Maddi Abdelghani , Monneau Emmanuel , Guaspare-Cartron Catherine , Gargiulo Floriana , Dubois Michel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of gender diversity on the retraction of scientific publications. Analyzing a random sample of one million publications, covering 2,645,304 authors, alongside retraction data from RetractionWatch (39,709 publications), we identify key factors influencing publication retractions. Findings indicate that mixed-gender teams are more likely to face retractions than all-male or all-female teams, while individual authors are less prone to retractions. Larger research teams have a lower risk of retraction, whereas medium-sized teams (3–10 authors) experience increased risk. A close look at the reasons associated with retractions reveals some notable differences: male-led publications are often retracted for serious ethical violations, such as data falsification and plagiarism, while female-led publications primarily face procedural errors and updates in rapidly evolving fields. Promoting women to positions of responsibility in mix-collaborations may not only advances gender equity but also the accuracy of the scientific record.

Peer Review
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway/wos/peer-review/10.1162/qss_a_00353
Screening articles by citation reputation
Authors: Safón Vicente , Docampo Domingo , Cram Lawrence 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We introduce reputable citations (RC), a method to screen and segment a collection of papers by decoupling popularity and influence. We demonstrate RC using recent works published in a large set of mathematics journals from Clarivate’s Incites Essential Science Indicators, leveraging Clarivate’s Web of Science for citation reports and assigning prestige values to institutions based on well-known international rankings. We compare researchers drawn from two samples: highly cited researchers (HC) and mathematicians whose influence is acknowledged by peers (Control). RC scores distinguish the influence of researchers beyond citations, revealing highly cited mathematical work of modest influence. The control group, comprising peer-acknowledged researchers, dominates the top tier of RC scores despite having fewer total citations than the HC group. Influence, as recognized by peers, does not always correlate with high citation counts, and RC scores offer a nuanced distinction between the two. With development, RC scores could automate screening of citations to identify exceptional and influential research, while addressing manipulative practices. The first application of RC reveals mathematics works that may be cited for reasons unrelated to genuine research advancements, suggesting a need for continued development of this method to mitigate such trends.

Peer Review
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway/wos/peer-review/10.1162/qss_a_00355
Assessing a Japanese-Funded Farm-to-Market Road Project in Agdangan, Quezon: Exacerbating Divides and Deepening Inequalities
Authors: Teves Ma. Josephine Therese Emily G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study assesses how Japanese and Filipino aid authorities facilitate a Japanese Official Development Assistance (ODA)-funded farm-to-market road (FMR) subproject as a solution aiming to achieve the Philippines’ overall poverty reduction and economic development goals. Through qualitative assessment, including direct observations, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD s), this study critically assesses the implementation of the FMR subproject in Agdangan, Quezon, and investigates its multifaceted effects. Findings reveal a complex web of dynamics: while FMR enhances competitiveness of landowners and traders, unequal resource distribution marginalizes agrarian reform beneficiaries (ARB s). Utilizing Tanya Murray Li’s “The Will to Improve” and “Capitalism from Below” frameworks, the study finds that impacts on resources and practices indicate FMR’s success in achieving its espoused goals among rural elites. This study exposes disparities and disproportionalities in access to and distribution of benefits. It urges policymakers to address both structural and systemic barriers to strengthen local production.
A Benchmark Dataset for Tornado Detection and Prediction Using Full-Resolution Polarimetric Weather Radar Data
Authors: Veillette Mark S. , Kurdzo James M. , Stepanian Phillip M. , Cho John Y. N. , Reis Tony , Samsi Siddharth , McDonald Joseph , Chisler Nicholas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A weather radar is a primary tool used by forecasters to detect and warn for tornadoes in near–real time. To assist forecasters in warning the public, several algorithms have been developed to automatically detect tornadic signatures in weather radar observations. Recently, machine learning (ML) algorithms, which learn directly from large amounts of labeled data, have been shown to be highly effective for this purpose. Since tornadoes are extremely rare events within the corpus of all available radar observations, the selection and design of training datasets for ML applications are critical for the performance, robustness, and ultimate acceptance of ML algorithms. This study introduces a new benchmark dataset, Tornado Network (TorNet), to support the development of ML algorithms in tornado detection and prediction. TorNet contains full-resolution, polarimetric, level-II WSR-88D data sampled from 9 years of reported storm events. A number of ML baselines for tornado detection are developed and compared, including a deep learning (DL) architecture capable of processing raw radar imagery without the need for manual feature extraction required for traditional ML algorithms. Despite not benefiting from manual feature engineering or other preprocessing, the DL model shows increased detection performance compared to non-DL and operational baselines. The TorNet dataset, as well as the source code and model weights of the DL baseline trained in this work, is made freely available.

Significance Statement
Accurate and timely detection of tornadic signatures in radar data enables forecasters to issue timely warnings and preparedness measures, ultimately saving lives and reducing the devastating impact of tornadic storms. Machine learning (ML) has already been shown to be an effective tool for detecting key signals in radar that can be used to locate and track existing tornadoes. To further advance the state of the art in this area, this study presents a benchmark dataset that can be shared across the research community for the development and validation of ML-based algorithms for tornado detection. This work also provides a baseline deep learning (DL) model that is able to efficiently detect tornadic signatures in radar data.
Environmental Conditions Controlling the Morphology of Shallow Orographic Convection
Authors: Liu Jialin , Kirshbaum Daniel J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Quasi-stationary rainbands capable of producing heavy localized precipitation have been observed over the Oregon Coastal Range and other mesoscale mountain ridges. These bands thus present an important forecasting problem, which is challenged by the inability of operational NWP models to accurately resolve them. To aid the prediction of these events, this study synthesizes an observational climatology with idealized large-eddy simulations of shallow convection over the Coastal Range. The climatology identified cases with banded and cellular morphologies over the Coastal Range and determined composite upstream soundings for each morphology. While prominent differences in these soundings included stronger low-level winds and dry static stability in the banded events, these differences alone did not fully determine the resulting cloud morphology in the simulations. Another key factor was the turbulence intensity in the impinging atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), which is partially controlled by the sea–air temperature difference over the eastern Pacific Ocean (ΔTSA). While banded events mostly exhibit ΔTSA < 0 and weak ABL turbulence, cellular events mostly exhibit the opposite. ABL turbulence was thus hypothesized to favor cells by disrupting the lee-wave circulations responsible for organizing the bands. A new parameter R was developed to predict cloud morphology based on the ratio of the TKE of transient turbulent velocity fluctuations to that of stationary lee-wave perturbations. This parameter accurately predicted the cloud morphology in numerous simulations with varying upstream flows and ΔTSA. It also provides a simple explanation for why the observed characteristics of banded events (stronger low-level winds and ABL stabilities, ΔTSA < 0) all favor band development.

Significance Statement
This study synthesizes observations and numerical simulations to determine the environmental conditions distinguishing quasi-stationary banded convection from transient cellular convection over the Oregon Coastal Range. The former morphology can concentrate heavy precipitation over narrow regions to greatly enhance flash-flooding risks. The results provide quantitative guidance for forecasters to aid their analysis of operational NWP forecasts.
Spatial Diversity of the Summer Marine Heat Waves in the South China Sea
Authors: Tang Siao , Chen Ruidan , Chen Zesheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study reveals that the summer marine heat waves (MHWs) in the South China Sea (SCS) could be classified into two spatial types, with warming centers over the central and northern SCS (denoted as C-MHW and N-MHW), respectively. The formation of C-MHW is related to a vigorous low-level anticyclonic anomaly centered in the northern SCS. Locally, the anticyclone is accompanied with anomalous sinking motion and northeasterly anomaly over the central SCS, which enhance insolation heating and inhibit evaporative cooling associated with the southwesterly monsoon. Meanwhile, the accompanied anticyclonic wind stress anomaly and reduced wind stress induce anomalous Ekman downwelling and weaken the climatological upwelling over the central SCS, contributing to the central warming center second to the surface heat flux. From a large-scale view, the SCS anticyclone is associated with the transition from El Niño to La Niña. In summer, the SCS anticyclone is favored by the zonal SSTA gradient over the Maritime Continent to the central Pacific via triggering anomalous easterlies extending to the central SCS, by the warming around the Maritime Continent via meridional circulation and by the Indian Ocean warming via Kelvin wave response and zonal circulation. Compared with C-MHW, N-MHW results from a weaker and smaller anticyclonic anomaly associated with weaker air–sea interaction. The anticyclone favors the northern warming center mainly via insolation heating. As for the tropical SSTA, persistent warming occurs around the Maritime Continent and the Indian Ocean but with a smaller amplitude compared with C-MHW; thus, the relevant air–sea interaction processes and the resultant SCS anticyclone are weaker.