bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Healing Concrete Due the Use of on Demand opening Core‐Shell Capsules
Authors: Halmanseder Thomas , Mützel Carina , Augustin Christian , Brandau Thorsten , Osburg Andrea 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIncreasing the durability of concrete is one of the major challenges in terms of environmentally friendly concrete. To achieve this, it is necessary to develop smart materials, which are superior to the current materials in term of multi‐field requirements. These materials are characterized by their ability to detect starting damages and the ability to initialize the self‐healing process. Self‐healing concrete is subject of current research and performed in different ways. In terms of this work autonomous self‐healing due to the use of an epoxy‐resin, encapsulated in a core‐shell capsule is investigated. The opening of the capsules should be realized by irradiation with microwaves. Therefore, the shell of the capsules was functionalized with trigger materials. The on demand opening of the capsules was investigated with sub‐μ‐CT. According to the tomography a 3‐dimensional model of the pore system was calculated. Based on this model a pore size distribution was calculated to get insight in the opening of the capsules. These investigations showed a successful release of the active agent.
Trifluoromethyl‐β‐dicarbonyls as Versatile Synthons in Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: Sumran Garima , Jain Naman , Kumar Prince , Aggarwal Ranjana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTrifluoromethyl group relishes a privileged position in the realm of medicinal chemistry because its incorporation into organic molecules often enhances the bioactivity by altering pharmacological profile of molecule. Trifluoromethyl‐β‐dicarbonyls have emerged as pivotal building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry due to their facile accessibility, stability and remarkable versatility. Owing to presence of nucleophilic and electrophilic sites, they offer multifunctional sites for the reaction. This review covers a meticulous exploration of their multifaceted role, encompassing an in‐depth analysis of mechanism, extensive scope, limitations and wide‐ranging applications in diverse organic synthesis, covering the literature from the 21st century. This comprehensive review encapsulates the applications of trifluoromethyl‐β‐dicarbonyls and their synthetic equivalents as precursors of complex and diverse heterocyclic scaffolds, fused heterocycles and spirocyclic compounds having medicinal and material importance. Their potent synthetic utility in cyclocondensation reactions with binucleophiles, cycloaddition reactions, C−C bond formations, asymmetric multicomponent reactions using classical/solvent‐free/catalytic synthesis have been presented. Influence of unsymmetrical trifluoromethyl‐β‐diketones on regioselectivity of transformation is also reviewed. This review will benefit the synthetic and pharmaceutical communities to explore trifluoromethyl‐β‐dicarbonyls as trifluoromethyl building blocks for fabrication of heterocyclic scaffolds having implementation into drug discovery programs in the imminent future.
The impacts of post‐processing treatments done under reactive and non‐reactive atmospheres on the densification of binder jetting parts
Authors: Goffin Alice , Lennox Martin D. , Raphael Wendell , Therriault Daniel , Tavares Jason R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAt the intersection between chemical and materials engineering, binder jetting is an additive manufacturing technique that foregoes many of the limitations of the conventional metal 3D printing technique. Binder composition and thermal post‐processing influence final part quality. Herein, three different atmospheres, ranging from reactive (air) to non‐reactive (vacuum, argon), are studied to determine their effect on the quality of binder jetting printed parts after thermal treatments, namely debinding and sintering. These parts were printed using SS316L powder. Samples debound in air were negatively affected as they presented high porosities and low densities, averaging 6.80 (±0.4) g/cm3, whereas samples debound and sintered under vacuum demonstrated the best outcome with low porosities and high densities, averaging 7.65 (±0.1) g/cm3. This study highlights how oxide formation during debinding causes ferrite phase formation during sintering and how it affects atomic diffusion in the samples during both thermal treatments. This research also demonstrates the respective effects of these on the densification and porosity of parts.
Structural Insights into Antibacterial Payload Release from Gold Nanoparticles Bound to E. coli Peptide Deformylase
Authors: Kirschner Hendrik , John Milena , Zhou Tianyi , Bachmann Nathalie , Schultz André , Hofmann Eckhard , Bandow Julia Elisabeth , Scherkenbeck Jürgen , Metzler‐Nolte Nils , Stoll Raphael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe lack of new antibiotics and the rapidly rising number of pathogens resistant to antibiotics pose a serious problem to mankind. In bacteria, the cell membrane provides the first line of defence to antibiotics by preventing them from reaching their molecular target. To overcome this entrance barrier, it has been suggested[1] that small Gold‐Nanoparticles (AuNP) could possibly function as drug delivery systems for antibiotic ligands. Using actinonin‐based ligands, we provide here proof‐of‐principle of AuNP functionalisation, the capability to bind and inhibit the target protein of the ligand, and the possibility to selectively release the antimicrobial payload. To this end, we successfully synthesised AuNP coated with thio‐functionalised actinonin and a derivative. Interactions between 15N‐enriched His‐peptide deformylase 1–147 from E. coli (His‐ecPDF 1–147) and compound‐coated AuNP were investigated via 2D 1H‐15N‐HSQC NMR spectra proving the direct binding to His‐ecPDF 1–147. More importantly by adding dithiothreitol (DTT), we show that the derivative is successfully released from AuNPs while still bound to His‐ecPDF 1–147. Our findings indicate that AuNP‐conjugated ligands can address and bind intracellular target proteins. The system introduced here presents a new delivery platform for antibiotics and allows for the easy optimisation of ligand coated AuNPs.
How green bonds promote firms' green collaborative innovation?
Authors: Lian Jun , Huang Xuanshun , Wu Xia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs one of the most critical green financial tools, green bonds play an essential role in supporting the green collaborative innovation of enterprises. Using the data of China's nonfinancial listed companies from 2010 to 2020, the article examines the impact of green bonds on firms' green collaborative innovation. The results show that issuing green bonds can significantly promote the quantity and quality of firms' green collaborative innovation. The mechanism research shows that green bonds can improve the green independent innovation of enterprises, relieve their financing constraints, and enhance corporate reputation, thus promoting the green collaborative innovation of enterprises. Further research reveals that when enterprises obtain external reviews or repeatedly issue green bonds, their green collaborative innovation improves more significantly. This article indicates that China's green bond market has played a positive role in achieving environmental goals from the perspective of green collaborative innovation.
Low area and high throughput hardware implementations for the LILLIPUT cipher
Authors: Yang Jinling , Li Lang , Huang Xiantong 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe widespread use of Internet of Things devices has increased the demand for lower cost and more efficient lightweight ciphers. However, there is a difficult trade‐off between cost and efficiency for lightweight block ciphers. The optimizations of area and throughput are important for some constrained environments. This paper proposes two novel hardware architectures for the LILLIPUT cipher. In the novel low area structure, a new permutation layer is provided for LILLIPUT. The relationship between encryption algorithm and key scheduling algorithm is utilized to achieve optimal sharing among components, which significantly reduces hardware area. The experimental results show that the number of XOR gates and S‐boxes required for low area optimization is reduced by 52 and 8, respectively. The total area is reduced by about 18%. For high throughput structure, this paper provides 2‐round, 5‐round, and 15‐round loop unrolling designs for LILLIPUT to improve throughput. The experimental results show that the throughput of the 5‐round loop unrolling structure reaches a good level, which is relatively the most cost‐effective. In practical application, ciphers can be unrolled implementations according to the needs of devices to improve the execution speed, which can greatly reduce the execution time and complexity of the algorithm.
Colour change and colour phases in Lethrinidae with insights into ecology
Authors: Widmann Myriam E. , van Elden Sean , Meeuwig Jessica J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractColour change is used by a wide range of animals. It is used for intra‐ and interspecific communication and crypsis, and can occur on morphological and physiological levels. Bony fish employ rapid physiological colour change and display various types of patterns and colouration (colour phases) useful for aposematic and cryptic purposes. Using an existing database of benthic stereo‐baited remote underwater video systems from two locations in Western Australia, we tested whether the frequency of colour phases of emperors, Lethrinidae, varied by species. We described colour phases and rapid physiological colour change in 16 species of lethrinids, and related occurrences of colour change to feeding activity and life stages. Dark and light colour phases were observed in nine of the 16 evaluated species of which seven also displayed physiological colour change. Frequency of colour phases varied between species, suggesting that the display of different dark patterns may be especially important for certain species. Both juveniles and adults showed the ability to change between different colour patterns. The change into a mottled pattern mainly occurred while feeding or when approaching to feed, suggesting that it may be triggered by feeding and the associated decrease in environmental awareness. Colour change is a commonly observed strategy in lethrinids and may have evolved as an adaptation for increased foraging success or to reduce aggression from conspecifics. Physiological colour change allows lethrinids to quickly adapt to various cues from the environment and can therefore be considered a versatile physiological mechanism in this family.
Predation affects body shape in the knife livebearer Alfaro cultratus (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae)
Authors: Ardon Diego A. , Golden Kaitlyn B. , Williams Trevor J. , Belk Mark C. , Johnson Jerald B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLivebearing fishes are a common model for studying the effects of predation on prey biology. Numerous studies have found differences in life history, sexual selection, behavior, and morphology between populations of the same species that co‐occur with predators and those that do not. Alfaro cultratus is a livebearing fish with populations in different predation environments, but unlike other livebearers, this species also has an extreme body shape that is laterally compressed. Given this unusual morphology, we asked if predation environment would still predict overall body shape, as has been documented in other species. We collected specimens from both predator and no predator sites in Costa Rica and used a geometric morphometrics analysis to determine if body shape is affected by predation environment, while controlling for size and river gradient. Body shape does indeed differ between predation environments; however, the observed differences contrast with the patterns found in other livebearer systems. Alfaro cultratus in predation environments had deeper and shorter bodies and deeper caudal peduncles than those found in environments without dominant fish predators.
Inter‐annual variation in the abundance of specialist herbivores determines plant resistance inDatura stramonium
Authors: De‐la‐Cruz Ivan M. , Núñez‐Farfán Juan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe expression of plant resistance traits against arthropod herbivores often comes with costs to other essential plant functions such as growth and fitness. These trade‐offs are shaped by the allocation of limited resources. However, plants might also possess the capability to allocate resources to both resistance and growth, thereby ensuring their survival when under herbivore attacks. Additionally, the extent of damage caused by herbivores could vary across different years or seasons, subsequently impacting plant performance. In this study, we aimed to investigate how the annual variations in herbivore abundance and damage levels affect plant performance. We generated F2progeny through a cross between two populations of the annual herbDatura stramonium(Solanaceae). These populations are known to have differing levels of chemical defense and herbivory. These F2plants were cultivated in a common natural environment for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018). Our findings reveal that plants with higher resistance, attained higher seed production but this trend was evident only during 2018. This relationship coincided with a five‐fold increase in the abundance ofLema daturaphila(Chrysomelidae) larvae in 2018. Indeed, the plants experienced a 13‐fold increase in damage during this second year of study. Furthermore, our results indicated that there was no trade‐off between resistance, growth, and fitness in either of the 2 years. In contrast, during 2018, when plants faced stronger herbivore pressure, they allocated all available nutritional resources to enhance both resistance and growth. Our study highlights how the selection for plant resistance is dependent upon the inter‐annual variation in herbivore abundance.
Differential response of fire on the community dynamics of five insect taxa in a tropical mountaintop forest archipelago
Authors: Kuchenbecker Juliana , Camarota Flávio , da Silva Pedro Giovâni , Perillo Lucas Neves , do Vale Beirão Marina , de Castro Flávio Siqueira , Fernandes Geraldo Wilson , do Espírito‐Santo Mário Marcos , Santos Natália Correia , Cardoso Iaciara Geórgia Silveira , Neves Frederico de Siqueira 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Earth's most diverse group of organisms is facing an imminent crisis, as recent investigations suggest a remarkable decline in insect diversity. Within this context, altimontane forest islands might emerge as important refuges holding an invaluable diversity of species that would be doomed to disappear. Here, we aimed to examine the impact of fire on the temporal variation of ant, bee, butterfly, dung beetle, and wasp communities in natural and highly threatened altimontane forest islands. We predicted that fire incidence would increase the natural variation in the structure of these insects' communities over time. Furthermore, we predicted that each taxon would respond accordingly to their ability to move between forest islands (i.e., vagility). We sampled these five bioindicator taxa in the rainy seasons of 2014, 2015, 2018, and 2020 within 14 forest islands in southeast Brazil. We assessed the incidence (presence/absence) of fire occurrence on each forest island toward the end of the dry season in each sampling year. We found an influence of fire incidence on the species composition changes over time (temporal β‐diversity) in the less vagile insect groups: ants, and dung beetles. Nevertheless, we found no influence of fire incidence on shifts in species composition of highly vagile insects: bees, butterflies, and wasps. Importantly, species turnover was the primary component of temporal β‐diversity driving the interannual variation of all insect taxa examined in this study. Our results highlight the distinct responses of more‐or‐less vagile insect groups to fire in forested ecosystems and shed light on the drivers of vulnerability and resilience of these groups to this critical anthropogenic pressure. By understanding and elucidating the intricate responses of distinct insect communities to global stressors, we can strengthen our capacity to predict future trends in biodiversity decline and provide valuable insights for conservation efforts and environmental management strategies.
Empowerment and disempowerment in climate assemblies: The French citizens' convention on climate
Authors: Galván Labrador Adrián , Zografos Christos 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCitizens' assemblies to address climate change have multiplied in recent years. Seen as a useful tool to provide solutions to the climate crisis, they have, however, struggled to impact public policy. Additionally, little is known about how citizens' proposals are diluted or rejected in climate assemblies. We explore this situation through a qualitative case study of the French Citizens' Convention on Climate. The French case is unique in that it involved the incorporation of assembly participants in the process of integrating assembly proposals into a new Law on Climate and Resilience. We use semi‐structured interviews and analysis of secondary documentation to understand how citizens' views were finally excluded from draft legislation. Findings show remarkable citizen empowerment taking place during the Citizens' Convention, which nevertheless vanished during the joint elaboration of the law, allowing certain political and economic interests to impose their vision. We suggest that organisers of the process and social movements engaged in climate assemblies should be aware of such risks and try to control how decision‐makers adopt citizen proposals for producing legislation in order to avoid exclusions and democracy deficits in democratic climate policy‐making. We discuss and reflect on the potential and limits of deliberative and agonistic approaches to democracy and climate action.
The influence of acceptor acidity on hydrogen bond mediated aglycone delivery (HAD) through the picoloyl protecting group
Authors: Remmerswaal Wouter A. , Hoogers Daan , Hoopman Moescha , Van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Codée Jeroen D. C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe outcome of glycosylation reactions heavily relies on the specific protecting group patterns employed on both the donor and acceptor molecules. The picoloyl (Pico) protecting group stands out as it can steer the stereoselectivity in a glycosylation reaction through hydrogen bond‐mediated aglycone delivery (HAD). This provides syn‐stereoselectivity, with respect to the stereochemistry of the Pico group, by forming a hydrogen bond between the incoming acceptor and the picoloyl ring nitrogen. We here probe how acceptor acidity influences the stereodirecting effect of the picoloyl protecting group. A set of 3‐O‐functionalized glucosyl and mannosyl donors, each bearing different protecting groups (picolinate, nicotinate, isonicotinate, and benzoate), were synthesized for systematic evaluation. For the 3‐O‐picoloyl‐glucose series, the picoloyl group exhibited minimal influence on stereoselectivity, with only weak nucleophiles showing a modest shift in selectivity for the 3‐O‐Pico protected glucosyl donor in comparison to the other C‐3‐acyl glucosides. In contrast, in the 3‐O‐picoloyl‐mannose series a much stronger β‐directing effect was observed, wherein more acidic acceptors led to increased β‐selectivity. The results provide insights into the complex interplay of acceptor acidity and glycosylation stereoselectivity mediated by the picoloyl protecting group.
Does myo‐inositol supplementation influence oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease?
Authors: Rostami Somayeh , Arefhosseini Sara , Tutunchi Helda , Khoshbaten Manouchehr , Ebrahimi‐Mameghani Mehrangiz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMyo‐inositol (MI) is a carbocyclic sugar polyalcohol. MI has known to exert anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant, and anti‐diabetic activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MI supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers in obese patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this double‐blinded placebo‐controlled randomized clinical trial, 51 newly diagnosed obese patients with NAFLD were randomly assigned to receive either MI (4 g/day) or placebo supplements accompanied by dietary recommendations for 8 weeks. Oxidative stress biomarkers, nutritional status, as well as liver enzymes and obesity indices were assessed pre‐ and post‐intervention. A total of 48 patients completed the trial. Although anthropometric measures and obesity indices decreased significantly in both groups, the between‐group differences adjusted for confounders were non‐significant for these parameters, except for weight (p = .049); greater decrease was observed in the MI group. Iron and zinc intakes decreased significantly in both groups; however, between‐group differences were non‐significant at the end of the study. No significant between‐group differences were revealed for other antioxidant micronutrients at the study endpoint. Sense of hunger, feeling to eat, desire to eat sweet and fatty foods reduced significantly in both groups (p < .05), while the feeling of satiety increased significantly in the placebo group (p = .002). No significant between‐group differences were observed for these parameters, except for desire to eat fatty foods; a greater decrease was observed in the MI group (p = .034). Serum levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly increased in both study groups (p < .05); however, the between‐group differences were non‐significant at the end of the study. Furthermore, the between‐group differences were non‐significant for other oxidative stress biomarkers, except for serum nitric oxide (NO) level; a greater decrease was observed in the MI group. MI supplementation could significantly improve weight, desire to eat fatty foods, serum levels of NO, as well as the aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/ALT ratio.
Soy protein isolate film activated by black seed oil nanoemulsion as a novel packaging for shelf‐life extension of bulk bread
Authors: Hosseiniyeh Negin , Mohtarami Forogh , Almasi Hadi , Azizi Saeedeh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the addition of lecithin‐emulsified black seed oil (BSO) nanoemulsions (LNEO) and whey protein isolate‐stabilized Pickering emulsions (WPEO) to soy protein isolate (SPI)‐based films and their effect on improving the shelf life of bread slices. The half‐life of antioxidant activity, water vapor permeability, biodegradability, density, color difference, and film thickness significantly increased (p < .05) when BSO was added. However, the incorporation of BSO significantly reduced the solubility, tensile strength, strain to break (except for WPEO), and transparency (p < .05) of the samples. The interaction between SPI film and BSO‐loaded nanocarriers, as well as the morphological properties of films, was evaluated using FT‐IR and FE‐SEM. SPI‐based films containing LNEO‐5% and WPEO‐5% were selected based on their mechanical and barrier properties. The effect of films on the shelf life of bread slices was investigated for 17 days of storage. LNEO samples obtained the most acceptable results in the bread in terms of sensory evaluation and color properties. According to the results, bread slices packed in SPI film containing LNEO‐5% showed no signs of mold growth until the 17th day of storage, whereas the sample packed in a low‐density polyethylene bag began to corrupt on the 6th day. This study highlights the potential of BSO‐loaded SPI films as a novel active packaging for the bakery industry.