bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostics of Fusarium wilt in banana: Current status and challenges
Authors: Roberts Janet M. , Carvalhais Lilia C. , O'Dwyer Cecilia , Rincón‐Flórez Vivian A. , Drenth Andre 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlobal banana production is under threat from the rapidly spreading pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) tropical race 4 (TR4), which is pathogenic to Cavendish and many other varieties. Due to the absence of effective control methods and the lack of other market‐acceptable resistant cultivars, early diagnostics, containment and quarantine measures are important to limit further spread and impact of this pathogen. Early detection and identification of the pathogen require reliable diagnostic assays. The reliability of a molecular diagnostic assay is directly linked to the rigour applied at validating the assay according to predetermined standards. For specific detection of a target pathogen using molecular diagnostics, a well‐resolved taxonomy of the target and related species based on their evolutionary relationships is also required. The advent of sequence‐based phylogenetic analysis has given rise to new insights regarding the taxonomic classification of Foc and provided proof for the polyphyletic origin of Foc races, complicating early and reliable detection of the pathogen. Although numerous diagnostic methods for Foc have been developed, choosing a rigorously validated and fit‐for‐purpose method for adoption is currently challenging as advantages and drawbacks for each assay are not always obvious or put into context with prior methodologies. This review compiles and critically dissects published methods that are reported to detect Foc to date and highlights their benefits and constraints to provide a valuable reference for diagnosticians, researchers and policy makers worldwide.
The relationship between metacognitive processes and cognitive performances in older adults with no significant impairment: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kurnaz Samet , Durmaz Onur 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMetacognitive dysfunctions have been implicated in several neuropsychiatric conditions, while cognitive performances have been evaluated by measuring cognitive domains in older adults. This study investigated a relationship between metacognitive processes and cognitive performances in older adults.MethodsA sociodemographic form, the Standardised Mini‐Mental State Examination (SMMSE) and the Metacognitions Questionnaire‐30 (MCQ‐30) were applied to participants aged >65 years who had no significant cognitive decline defined as normal or with mild cognitive impairment.Results‘Negative beliefs about worry’ and ‘need to control thoughts’ domains of MCQ‐30 were related to cognitive performance measured with SMMSE. Increased negative beliefs about worry were a predicting factor for total cognitive performance as a means of contributing to cognitive impairment, whereas an increased need to control thoughts was related to having a less likely cognitive impairment.ConclusionsMetacognitive dysfunctional processes, in particular about worry, might contribute to determining more decent outcomes for cognitive conditions in older adults with no significant cognitive dysfunction.
Comparison of the specimen quality of endobronchial ultrasound‐guided intranodal forceps biopsy using standard‐sized forceps versus mini forceps for lung cancer: A prospective study
Authors: Nakai Toshiyuki , Matsumoto Yuji , Ueda Takahiro , Kuwae Yuko , Tanaka Sayaka , Miyamoto Atsushi , Matsumoto Yoshiya , Sawa Kenji , Sato Kanako , Yamada Kazuhiro , Watanabe Tetsuya , Asai Kazuhisa , Furuse Hideaki , Uchimura Keigo , Imabayashi Tatsuya , Uenishi Riki , Fukui Mitsuru , Tanaka Hidenori , Ohsawa Masahiko , Kawaguchi Tomoya , Tsuchida Takaaki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveEndobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) is a diagnostic procedure with adequate performance; however, its ability to provide specimens of sufficient quality and quantity for treatment decision‐making in advanced‐stage lung cancer may be limited, primarily due to blood contamination. The use of a 0.96‐mm miniforceps biopsy (MFB) permits true histological sampling, but the resulting small specimens are unsuitable for the intended applications. Therefore, we introduced a 1.9‐mm standard‐sized forceps biopsy (SFB) and compared its utility to that of MFB.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled patients from three institutions who presented with hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy and suspected advanced‐stage lung cancer, or those who were already diagnosed but required additional tissue specimens for biomarker analysis. Each patient underwent MFB followed by SFB three or four times through the tract created by TBNA using a 22‐gauge needle on the same lymph node (LN). Two pathologists assessed the quality and size of each specimen using a virtual slide system, and diagnostic performance was compared between the MFB and SFB groups.ResultsAmong the 60 enrolled patients, 70.0% were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. The most frequently targeted sites were the lower paratracheal LNs, followed by the interlobar LNs. The diagnostic yields of TBNA, MFB and SFB were 91.7%, 93.3% and 96.7%, respectively. The sampling rate of high‐quality specimens was significantly higher in the SFB group. Moreover, the mean specimen size for SFB was three times larger than for MFB.ConclusionSFB is useful for obtaining sufficient qualitative and quantitative specimens.
Security screening metrics for information‐sharing partnerships
Authors: Yu Wendy , Collier Zachary A. , Thekdi Shital 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecent history has shown both the benefits and risks of information sharing among firms. Information is shared to facilitate mutual business objectives. However, information sharing can also introduce security‐related concerns that could expose the firm to a breach of privacy, with significant economic, reputational, and safety implications. It is imperative for organizations to leverage available information to evaluate security related to information sharing when evaluating current and potential information‐sharing partnerships. The “fine print” or privacy policies of firms can provide a signal of security across a wide variety of firms being considered for new and continued information‐sharing partnerships. In this article, we develop a methodology to gauge and benchmark information security policies in the partner‐selection process that can help direct risk‐based investments in information sharing security. We develop a methodology to collect and interpret firm privacy policies, evaluate characteristics of those policies by leveraging natural language processing metrics and developing benchmarking metrics, and understand how those characteristics relate to one another in information‐sharing partnership situations. We demonstrate the methodology on 500 high‐revenue firms. The methodology and managerial insights will be of interest to risk managers, information security professionals, and individuals forming information sharing agreements across industries.
Central bank communication and expectations: Evidence for inflation‐targeting economies
Authors: Szyszko Magdalena , Kliber Agata , Rutkowska Aleksandra , Próchniak Mariusz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe seek to investigate the effects of communication by central banks on professional and consumer inflation expectations. Accordingly, we investigate 12 small open economies implementing inflation targeting. The communication tone of the central banks is determined based on their post‐decision releases. We use computational linguistics to quantify this factor. With regard to two subsamples that are identified based on the central bank's experience in inflation targeting, we estimate panel models while controlling for other prospective drivers of expectations. The communication tone of a central bank significantly affects the expectations of professional forecasters from economies with more experience in inflation targeting.
Suicide by sodium nitrite poisoning: Findings from the National Violent Death Reporting System, 2018–2020
Authors: Khan Harun , Barber Catherine , Azrael Deborah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesSuicide by sodium nitrite may be an emerging trend in the United States. Our mixed‐methods study aims to: (1) describe the rates of suicides secondary to sodium nitrite self‐poisoning in the United States between 2018 and 2020 and (2) characterize the use of sodium nitrite as a suicide method.MethodsUsing NVDRS data, descriptive statistics, population‐based incident rates/year and incidence estimates across 50 states were calculated. An inductive thematic analysis characterized the use of sodium nitrite as a suicide method on review of medical examiner and law enforcement reports.Results260 incidents were identified as suicides secondary to self‐poisoning with sodium nitrite/nitrate across 37 states and 1 territory—69% of which occurred in 2020. The typical victim was a white male student with a known depressive disorder and a history of suicidal thoughts (n = 120). The annual suicide rate using sodium nitrite increased from 0.01–0.09/100,000 person‐years over the three‐year period. Online forums were used to share knowledge on the procurement and preparation of sodium nitrite poisoning.ConclusionsSodium nitrite self‐poisoning is an increasingly used planned suicide method among young people. Further studies are required to identify the impact of means safety interventions on the incidence of sodium nitrite self‐poisoning incidents.
Outcomes of 35 dogs with craniomaxillofacial osteosarcoma treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy
Authors: Altwal Johnny , Lee Ber‐In , Boss Mary‐Keara , LaRue Susan M. , Martin Tiffany Wormhoudt 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCanine craniomaxillofacial osteosarcoma (OSA) is most commonly treated surgically; however, in cases where surgery is not feasible or non‐invasive treatment is desired, stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) may be elected for local tumour control. In this study, we evaluated 35 dogs treated with SBRT. Nine dogs (26%) had calvarial, seven (20%) had mandibular and 19 (54%) had maxillary OSA. Median time to first event (TFE) was 171 days, and overall median survival time (MST) was 232 days. Site‐specific MSTs were 144 days for mandible, 236 days for calvarium and 232 days for maxilla (p = .49). Pulmonary metastatic disease was observed in 12/35 (34%) patients and was detected pre‐SBRT in six dogs (17%) and post‐SBRT in the remaining six dogs (17%). Eighteen adverse events post‐SBRT were documented. Per veterinary radiation therapy oncology group criteria, five were acute (14%) and three were late (9%) grade 3 events. Neurological signs in two dogs were suspected to be early‐delayed effects. Cause of death was local progression for 22/35 (63%) patients, metastasis for 9/35 (26%) patients and unknown for four. On univariate analysis, administration of chemotherapy was associated with a longer TFE (p = .0163), whereas volume of gross tumour volume was associated with a shorter TFE (p = .023). Administration of chemotherapy and five fractions versus single fraction of SBRT was associated with increased survival time (p = .0021 and .049). Based on these findings, a treatment protocol incorporating chemotherapy and five fractions of SBRT could be considered for dogs with craniomaxillofacial OSA electing SBRT with careful consideration of normal tissues in the field.
Proliferative, lymphocytic, infundibular mural folliculitis and dermatitis with prominent follicular apoptosis and parakeratotic casts in a Labrador retriever: Clinical, histopathological and dermoscopic features and co‐morbidities
Authors: Wyatt Eleanor K. , Roccabianca Paola , Schmidt Vanessa , Legnani Sara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProliferative, lymphocytic, infundibular mural folliculitis and dermatitis have been reported in six female Labrador retrievers from North America. This is the first report of the disease outside North America, describing the clinical and histopathological diagnosis and dermoscopic aspect of the verrucous plaques, treatment and co‐morbidities in a female Labrador retriever dog.
Herbicide‐resistant weeds from dryland agriculture in Argentina
Authors: Oreja Fernando H. , Moreno Natalia , Gundel Pedro E. , Vercellino Roman B. , Pandolfo Claudio E. , Presotto Alejandro , Perotti Valeria , Permingeat Hugo , Tuesca Daniel , Scursoni Julio A. , Dellaferrera Ignacio , Cortes Eduardo , Yanniccari Marcos , Vila‐Aiub Martin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe reviewed and performed a quantitative synthesis on herbicide‐resistant weeds from rain‐fed crops in Argentina. Twenty‐four weed species distributed in the main extensive crops (soybean, maize, wheat, barley, oilseed rape, sunflower, chickpea and peanut) have evolved herbicide resistance. Of the total, 54% are grasses, 88% are annual species and 63% are cross‐pollinated species. The most representative families were Poaceae with 54% resistant species, followed by Brassicaceae with 17%, and Asteraceae with 13%. Buenos Aires, Santa Fe and Córdoba were the provinces with the most documented cases of resistance (35%, 33% and 30%, respectively). The proportion of cases resistant to pre‐emergence herbicides was 10%, whereas the proportion of cases resistant to post‐emergence herbicides was 90%. Glyphosate was the herbicide with the highest incidence (92%) of resistance among weed species, followed by 29% of species that evolved resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides. Whereas resistance to auxin‐like herbicides comprised 17% of the weed species, acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (8%) and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (4%) inhibiting herbicides showed the least incidence of resistance evolution among weeds. The highest number of resistant species was identified in soybean (19), followed by maize (13), wheat/barley (10) and fallow (9). Weed species with a higher number of resistant populations to a higher number of herbicide mode of action were Amaranthus hybridus, A. palmeri, Lolium multiflorum and Raphanus sativus. The change in the production system since the mid‐1990s, based on the use of herbicides (glyphosate mainly) to control weeds, is likely to account for the notorious increase in the average rate of evolution of herbicide‐resistant weeds in Argentina.
Decarbonizing the Fertilizers Sector: An Alternative Pathway for Urea and Nitric Acid Production
Authors: Ribeiro Domingos Meire Ellen Gorete , Florez-Orrego Daniel Alexander , Teles dos Santos Moisés , Maréchal François 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In order to alleviate the environmental impact that nitrogen fertilizers production is responsible for, several efforts have been addressed to incentivize the partial or total decarbonization of the supply chains of ammonia and its derivatives. The decarbonization of the nitrogen fertilizers sector might help not only improve its carbon footprint, but also reduce its dependence on international market prices of natural gas. To this end, in this work, two fertilizers production plants, namely nitric acid and urea, are integrated into a kraft pulp mill via black liquor gasification to supply the renewable input required by the chemical processes. The performance of the proposed systems is assessed and compared in the light of thermodynamic, economic, and environmental indicators. The choice of the utility system has been driven by the interrelation of the market conditions, as well as the extent of the energy integration of the chemical plants. As a result, the exergy efficiency of the integrated plants remains competitive against the conventional kraft pulp mill thanks to the optimal selection of the operating conditions of the utility system. This efficiency indicator compares the exergy input with the minimum theoretical work needed to reversibly produce the chemicals out from the components in the environment. Furthermore, the overall CO2 emissions balance achieves negative values for some scenarios, pointing out the potential for atmospheric CO2 depletion when the integrated processes are implemented. The indirect emissions of the biomass supply chain proved to have a great impact on the CO2 balance. Finally, the findings suggest that both nitric acid and urea production have positive incremental net present values across the range of carbon taxes considered, indicating the economic viability of these integrated systems vis-à-vis the traditional standalone pulp and fertilizers production plants.
Rarefaction is currently the best approach to control for uneven sequencing effort in amplicon sequence analyses
Authors: Schloss Patrick D. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Considering it is common to find as much as 100-fold variation in the number of 16S rRNA gene sequences across samples in a study, researchers need to control for the effect of uneven sequencing effort. How to do this has become a contentious question. Some have argued that rarefying or rarefaction is “inadmissible” because it omits valid data. A number of alternative approaches have been developed to normalize and rescale the data that purport to be invariant to the number of observations. I generated community distributions based on 12 published data sets where I was able to assess the ability of multiple methods to control for uneven sequencing effort. Rarefaction was the only method that could control for variation in uneven sequencing effort when measuring commonly used alpha and beta diversity metrics. Next, I compared the false detection rate and power to detect true differences between simulated communities with a known effect size using various alpha and beta diversity metrics. Although all methods of controlling for uneven sequencing effort had an acceptable false detection rate when samples were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, rarefaction was consistently able to control for differences in sequencing effort when sequencing depth was confounded with treatment group. Finally, the statistical power to detect differences in alpha and beta diversity metrics was consistently the highest when using rarefaction. These simulations underscore the importance of using rarefaction to normalize the number of sequences across samples in amplicon sequencing analyses.

IMPORTANCE
Sequencing 16S rRNA gene fragments has become a fundamental tool for understanding the diversity of microbial communities and the factors that affect their diversity. Due to technical challenges, it is common to observe wide variation in the number of sequences that are collected from different samples within the same study. However, the diversity metrics used by microbial ecologists are sensitive to differences in sequencing effort. Therefore, tools are needed to control for the uneven levels of sequencing. This simulation-based analysis shows that despite a longstanding controversy, rarefaction is the most robust approach to control for uneven sequencing effort. The controversy started because of confusion over the definition of rarefaction and violation of assumptions that are made by methods that have been borrowed from other fields. Microbial ecologists should use rarefaction.
A late refugium for Classopollis in the Paleocene Lower Wilcox Group along the Texas Gulf Coast
Authors: Smith Vann , Hessler Angela , Moscardelli Lorena , Bord David , Olariu Iulia , Lorente Maria Antonieta , Sivil Evan , Liu Xiuju 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We report a new ecological refugium for the Cheirolepidiaceae family (pollen form genus Classopollis) in the Paleocene Lower Wilcox Group in the Gulf Coast of southeastern Texas based on palynological analysis of four wells. The Cheirolepidiaceae were once thought to have gone extinct at the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary or earlier in North America; however, similar ecological refugia for this family in the Paleocene have previously been reported in China, Argentina, and potentially the Rocky Mountains of the United States. The highest relative abundances of Classopollis pollen were found in delta front, lagoon, and shoreface depositional paleoenvironments marked by high mud-fraction Sr/Ba (a geochemical proxy for salinity), and abundances generally increased down section in older Paleocene strata. The high relative abundance of Classopollis pollen in the well samples, the rarity of reworked Mesozoic palynomorphs, the generally good preservation of Classopollis pollen, and the similarity of Classopollis fluorescence spectra to other in situ Paleocene pollen all provide strong evidence for the survival of the Cheirolepidiaceae family in the coastal salt marshes of Texas through at least the late Paleocene.
Predicting incident heart failure from population-based nationwide electronic health records: protocol for a model development and validation study
Authors: Nakao Yoko M , Nadarajah Ramesh , Shuweihdi Farag , Nakao Kazuhiro , Fuat Ahmet , Moore Jim , Bates Christopher , Wu Jianhua , Gale Chris 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionHeart failure (HF) is increasingly common and associated with excess morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Treatment of HF can alter the disease trajectory and reduce clinical events in HF. However, many cases of HF remain undetected until presentation with more advanced symptoms, often requiring hospitalisation. Predicting incident HF is challenging and statistical models are limited by performance and scalability in routine clinical practice. An HF prediction model implementable in nationwide electronic health records (EHRs) could enable targeted diagnostics to enable earlier identification of HF.Methods and analysisWe will investigate a range of development techniques (including logistic regression and supervised machine learning methods) on routinely collected primary care EHRs to predict risk of new-onset HF over 1, 5 and 10 years prediction horizons. The Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)-GOLD dataset will be used for derivation (training and testing) and the CPRD-AURUM dataset for external validation. Both comprise large cohorts of patients, representative of the population of England in terms of age, sex and ethnicity. Primary care records are linked at patient level to secondary care and mortality data. The performance of the prediction model will be assessed by discrimination, calibration and clinical utility. We will only use variables routinely accessible in primary care.Ethics and disseminationPermissions for CPRD-GOLD and CPRD-AURUM datasets were obtained from CPRD (ref no: 21_000324). The CPRD ethical approval committee approved the study. The results will be submitted as a research paper for publication to a peer-reviewed journal and presented at peer-reviewed conferences.Trial registration detailsThe study was registered on Clinical Trials.gov (NCT 05756127). A systematic review for the project was registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42022380892).