bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A MODEL ACCESSORY-DWELLING UNIT BYLAW: INCLUSIVE ZONING FOR ALL
Authors: Gagen Travis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Adapting the built-environment to include an accessory-dwelling unit (ADU) is one alternative housing solution for older adults to remain in their home and community, avoid institutionalization, and create age-friendly environments. ADUs are one form of the built-environment in which the field of public health law can intervene to improve population aging. A legal mapping analysis was conducted using the ADU Friendliness Score to assess ADU accessibility across the target population (n = 351 Massachusetts municipalities). Municipalities were stratified into four ordinal classifications according to their ranking on the 0-100 ADU Friendliness Score and served as the dependent variable: 0-24 POOR (89 municipalities, 25%); 25-49 FAIR (30 municipalities, 8.5%); 50-74 GOOD (185 municipalities, 53%); and 75-100 EXCELLENT (47 municipalities, 13.5%). Community demographics and social capital proxy measures were used as independent variables to test for the association between aggregate social capital and the dependent variable. A regression analysis demonstrated housing density and educational attainment as statistically significant predictors of ADU score. Findings informed the first model age-friendly ADU bylaw inclusive for older adults, persons with disability, and their caregivers. Reform of zoning laws can help create age-friendly environments. The model bylaw is available for municipals to adopt and can be modified in response to municipal needs.
US HOSPITAL INFRASTRUCTURE: ARE ALZHEIMER’S CENTERS PREPARED TO ADDRESS DEMENTIA NATIONWIDE?
Authors: Gutierrez Angela , Cronin Cory , Franz Berkeley , Muniz-Terrera Graciela 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Evidence on the U.S. hospital infrastructure to address dementia is scant, obscuring health improvement efforts. This study investigates the availability of Alzheimer’s Centers (ACs) in U.S. hospitals. Data come from the: (1) 2010 – 2021 American Hospital Association Annual Survey; (2) 2020 Area Health Resource File; and (3) 2020 U.S. Census. Utilizing data from U.S. general hospitals (n = 3,251), we employed multivariable logistic regression to examine hospital (size, ownership, teaching status), county (metropolitan, poverty, racial/ethnic county composition), and regional (U.S. region) predictors of AC availability (Yes/No). ACs in U.S. hospitals increased from 4.5% in 2010 to 5.9% in 2020. Large hospitals (&gt;399 beds) had approximately 14 times higher odds of having an AC than small hospitals (&lt; 50 beds; OR = 14.0; 95% CI = 6.44 – 30.46). Counties with a higher proportion of Latinx residents, relative to non-Latinx Whites, had lower odds of having an AC (OR = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.01 – 0.41). Northeastern (OR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.15 – 3.22) and Midwestern (OR = 2.12; 95% CI = 1.34 – 3.37) hospitals had higher odds of having an AC than Southern hospitals. Findings extend our understanding of U.S. hospital capacity to address dementia. Although ACs have increased over time, hospitals in non-metropolitan and Southern counties, and those in counties with a high proportion of Latinx adults are less likely to have an AC. To address dementia needs fully, investment in a national infrastructure is critical.
I WISH I WAS DEAD: HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF PHYSICALLY TRAUMATIZED OLDER ADULTS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY IN SOUTHERN GHANA
Authors: Appiah Abigail , Apiribu Felix , Dzomeku Veronica , Diji Abigail , Kolbila Lilian , Osei Elizabeth , Poku Thomas Agyarko , Donkor Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The transformation from a physically healthy to a physically impaired older adults due to the effects of ageing, disability or injury can be a difficult transition to navigate. Comparatively, research on trauma in the older adult population is less as opposed to the younger adults. Ghana do not have appropriate policies and programs to support the growing numbers of the older adults. This indicates that the prevalence of the hidden problem of abuse will continue to increase, and create major public health problems. For this reason the study seek to explore the physical health consequences of the physically traumatized older adults. The study employed a descriptive phenomenological design and was guided by the Social-Ecological model. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants for the study. A semi-structured interview guide was used to conduct individual in-depth face-to-face interviews. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Data collection and analysis were done concurrently and data saturation was achieved after interviewing the eighth participant. Data were analyzed manually using thematic analysis and five (5) themes were generated: Lack of self-support ( inability to perform simple tasks) , Lack of family and friends support (neglect) , Lack of community and government support (no policies and programs to empower them. Physically traumatized older adults experienced extreme physical, emotional, mental and psychological discomfort as a result of their inability to do the things they wish to do, the neglect by immediate family, friends and the community as a whole and poor unfriendly transportation system.
A SCOPING REVIEW: EXPLORING COLLABORATIVE GOAL SETTING AMONG AGING ADULTS AND CARE PARTNERS
Authors: Perepezko Kate , Alchin Tucker , Karibian Bianca , Still Catherine , Valente Kayla , Toto Pamela , Fields Beth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Evidence suggests that goal setting and care partner support help aging adults improve their health. Less is known about how aging adults and care partners collaboratively participate in goal setting. The purpose of the current review was to describe the scope of the literature on this topic. A search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, SocINDEX, and PscyINFO. Reviewers screened 1,231 articles for the following inclusion criteria: 1) Participants included aging adults (50+ years) and care partners, 2) Goal setting was conducted, and 3) Articles were in English. Of the twenty-nine articles that were included, most (n=21) assessed goal setting for care partners and aging adults separately. Goal setting was primarily directed toward patient care, with only a few studies prompting care partner specific goals (n=4). Common goals reported by aging adults were independence, improving or maintaining functioning, addressing symptoms, and remaining socially active. Care partners listed similar goals but also identified accessing services and supports as important. This review is the first to describe goal setting with aging adults and their care partners, revealing concordant and discordant prioritization of goals within dyads. These findings illustrate the importance and potential complexity of including care partners in the goal setting process. We also found that collaborative goal setting and care partner directed goals are scarce, indicating the need for additional work in this area. Collaborative goal setting aligns with patient and family-centered care approaches and can contribute to better care plans that meet the needs of aging adults and their care partners.
DATA SCIENCE TECHNIQUES TO GAIN NOVEL INSIGHTS ON QUALITY OF CARE: A SCOPING REVIEW OF LONG-TERM CARE FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Aarts Sil , Hendriks Ard , Hacking Coen , Verbeek Hilde 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The increase in powerful computers and technological devices as well as new forms of data analysis such as machine learning have resulted in the widespread availability of data science in healthcare. However, its role in organisations providing long-term care for older adults (LTC) has yet to be systematically synthesized. This study provides a state-of-the-art scoping overview of (1) data science techniques that are used with data accumulated in LTC and for what specific purposes, and (2) the results of employing these techniques in researching the study objective. PubMed and CINHAL was searched using keywords on data science techniques and LTC. The screening-and selection process was carried out by two authors and not limited by research design or publication date. A narrative synthesis was conducted based on the two aims. The search strategy yielded 1,277 studies; 18 were included (the majority conducted in the US and in nursing homes). Machine learning models/algorithms were the most used techniques and were primarily used for researching specific adverse outcomes including the identification of risk factors for falls and the prediction of frailty. This review reveals the limited use of data science techniques on data from LTC facilities. The low number of articles indicates the need for strategies aimed at the effective utilization of data science techniques and evidence of their practical benefits. There is a need for a wider adoption of these techniques in order to exploit data to their full potential and improve the quality of care in LTC by making data-informed decisions.
UTILIZATION OF LASSO AND POISSON REGRESSION DEALING WITH COUNT VARIABLES IN NURSING HOME RESEARCH
Authors: Shin Juh , Min Eun Jeong , Jung Sun Ok , Kim Jung Eun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Regression has been used for decades; thus, more empirical studies are necessary to choose appropriate regression methods, as traditional regression has many drawbacks and is limited in analysis and synthesis with large numbers of covariates. This study aims to investigate factors related to pressure ulcers in nursing homes using three regressions: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Poisson, LASSO linear, and LASSO logistic regression. We represent how each model’s estimating, inferencing, and performance measures work. The datasets accrued from 51 nursing homes that operated between 2021 and 2022. A total of 35 independent variables included organizational and nurse staffing variables. The variable of interest was the number of residents in each nursing home who had an occurrence of pressure ulcers within the last 3 months. The significant factors were different; turnover of Certified Nurse Aides and government incentives of more RNs were significant in the LASSO Poison regression, no factors were significant in the LASSO Linear regression, while and the percentage of residents who are completely dependent for activities of daily living in LASSO was significant factor in the Logistic regression. Using the coefficients in the Poisson regression, we interpreted that more nursing staff turnover increased the percentage of residents with pressure ulcers by 3.02 times, which would not be possible with linear regression. The Lasso model uses a technique of shrinking coefficient estimates to zero to improve the fit of a model that includes all explanatory variables and improves model interpretability by identifying most important features.
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN BARRIERS TO VACCINATION AMONG OLDER ADULTS: LINKS TO VACCINATION BEHAVIORS
Authors: Fuller Heather , Huseth-Zosel Andrea , Van Vleet Bryce , Carson Paul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As older adults face increased infectious disease risks, understanding barriers to vaccination is vital. The current study examines associations between vaccination barriers, demographics, and vaccination behaviors among older adults (65+) in North Dakota, a rural state with low vaccination rates. A mailed survey, including closed- and open-ended questions regarding vaccine beliefs and behaviors was conducted with 901 older adults. Potential vaccine barriers (Disliking shots, Concerns about cost, Lacking doctor recommendation, Lacking transportation, and Uncertainty how to schedule) were rated on a four-point Likert-type scale (1=Strongly Disagree; 4=Strongly Agree). Vaccine behaviors were assessed with measures of uptake for influenza, shingles, pneumonia, and SARS-CoV-2 immunizations. While endorsement of perceived barriers was relatively low, the greatest perceived barriers were cost and disliking shots. Regarding demographic variation: lower income was associated with cost concerns, lower education and rurality were associated with lacking doctor recommendation, and lower education was associated with uncertainty how to schedule. Disliking shots was significantly associated with uptake for shingles and pneumonia. Cost concerns was associated with lower shingles uptake, whereas lacking doctor recommendation was associated with lower uptake for pneumonia and SARS-CoV-2 booster. No barriers were associated with influenza or SARS-CoV-2 initial immunization uptake. While perceived vaccination barriers were low, certain populations of older adults are more at-risk of experiencing barriers, suggesting intervention opportunities. Moreover, the relevance of barrier type varied by disease, suggesting the need for disease-specific interventions. These findings suggest that practitioners should consider the diverse factors influencing barriers to older adults’ vaccination receipt.
INCLUSION OF FAMILY MEMBERS INTO CONVERSATIONS ABOUT AGING RESEARCH: IMPORTANCE OF INTERGENERATIONAL INFLUENCE
Authors: Gaillard Trudy , Neff Donna , Morton Cynthia , Swagger Phildra , Webb Fern 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Identifying effective strategies to increase recruitment and retention of culturally diverse adults (African Americans [AA], Caribbean [CN] and Hispanic/Latino [HL]) into aging research is a public health priority. Intergenerational influence (IGI), defined as the “influence of one generation on another in terms of the transfer of skills, attitudes, preferences, values, and behaviors” (Shah & Mittal, 1997), was used to engage AA, CN and HL adults ages 25+ into conversations about aging research. We recruited AA, CN, and HL adults ≥ 65 years and a family member/friend between 25-64 years to participate in virtual listening sessions (LS). A semi-structured guide was used to discuss IGI, attitudes, beliefs, and perspectives of research. All LS were recorded and transcribed verbatim. NVivo software was used for data management and analysis. The constant comparative method was used for analysis. A total of 134 LS was conducted with African American [N=131], Caribbean [N= 112] and Hispanic/Latino [118] adults, representing 93 males and 268 females. We found three major themes highlighting the importance of IGI: 1) transfer of cultural knowledge; 2) benefit of future generations and 3) the lived experiences. The importance of IGI and the inclusion of family members and friends into discussions about healthy aging and research participation was a consistent theme among all culturally diverse groups. Findings suggest that discussing research participation with family and friends can enhance research participation of older adults. Researchers should develop IGI strategies that include family and friends (i.e., younger trusted sources) into recruitment design of aging research.
NO DIFFERENCE IN SUBJECTIVE SLEEP MEASUREMENTS BETWEEN MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Paulson Sally , Gray Michelle , Jones Megan , Campitelli Anthony , Diehl Cody , Bryk Kelsey , Glenn Jordan , Gills Joshua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With age, sleep quality tends to decline. Poor sleep quality is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes, especially in the aging population. The purpose was to compare subjective sleep quality measurements between middle age (45-64 years) and older adults (over 65 years). Participants (N=200) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and were classified by age as either middle age (MID: n=105, 71.4% female, M±SD: age: 55.5±5.8 years; mass: 85.3±17.4 kg, height: 168.4±9.2 cm, education: 18.2±3.6 years) or older adults (OLD: n=95, 76.8% female, M±SD: age: 69.0±2.9 years; mass: 80.6±14.9 kg, height: 166.2±8.9 cm, education: 17.9±3.5 years). The PSQI Component and Global Scores were calculated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, crosstabulations, and independent samples t-tests (p ≤ .05). The results showed there was no difference (p &lt; .05) between the two age groups on subjective sleep measures, including sleep quality, latency, duration, and disruptions. The average Global score for the MID and OLD adults was 6.3±3.2 and 6.0±3.6, respectively. Only 17% of MID adults and 25% of OLD adults were classified as good quality sleepers (PSQI Global score ≤ 4) and 21.9% and 30.5% rated their sleep quality as very good, respectively. While previous research has shown deterioration in subjective sleep quality measures occurs with age, there was not a difference in subjective measures between middle age and older adults in the present investigation. Further analysis is warranted to examine additional factors impacting sleep quality such as physical activity levels, co-morbidities, and living situation.
REFRAMING AGING AND VISION LOSS AS A PUBLIC HEALTH IMPERATIVE
Authors: Rogers Priscilla 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Severe vision impairment and blindness often have profound effects upon older people and those who care for and about them. Recent translational research reveals in the United States, 7.3% of older people report severe vision impairment or blindness. A recent study estimated that the population of people with vision impairment will increase by 118% by 2050. The greatest increases will be among the most senior, women, African Americans, and Hispanics. People with vision impairment report greater prevalence of chronic conditions, poorer health, and poorer quality of life than older people without vision impairment, and they are much more likely to experience multiple disabilities. These factors point to grave disparities in health equity. While the multiple studies have informed social, health, and economic disparities among older people with vision impairment at the national level, virtually nothing is known about the variability of the prevalence of vision impairment, chronic conditions, health-related quality of life, and disability at the state level. The geographic distribution of vision impairment varies among and within states. Often rural and poorer areas have a higher prevalence of vision impairment — areas that generally have a paucity of eye care providers, social support systems, and vision rehabilitation services. As aging issues are addressed at state and federal levels, vision loss and vision rehabilitation are frequently omitted from the conversations and plans (e.g., Master Plans on Aging and/or Age-Friendly Plans) and from policy instruments such as the Older Americans Act, which has no mention of vision or vision loss.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HAND GRIP STRENGTH AMONG OLDER ADULTS—FINDINGS FROM THE LASI STUDY INDIA
Authors: Kulkarni Snehal 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
To identify the factors associated with handgrip strength among older adults in India.

Methods
Data for the study were drawn from the baseline survey of Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI, 2017–18). This study was conducted on respondents aged 60 years and above with a total sample of 27,347 older adults (men-13,241 and women-14,118). The study assessed handgrip strength using a handheld Smedley’s Hand Dynamometer. Descriptive statistics and independent t-test was used to measure the mean difference in the handgrip strengths according to presence of risk factors.

Results
The mean handgrip strength was 29.76 + 11.23 kgs for both the genders. There was statistically significant difference in the mean handgrip strength of men (36.26 + 10.83 kg) and women (23.70 + 7.65 kg respectively). Significantly lower handgrip strength was observed among participants in rural area (29.58 + 11.20 kg), difficulty in activities of daily living (28.24 + 10.97 kg), low level physical activity, balance impairment (21.09 + 8.83 kg) slowness in walking (25.14 + 9.87 kg), history of falls (28.24 + 10.97 kg), and presence of bone and joint disease (27.44 + 10.60 kg) as compared to their counterparts.

Conclusion
The study contributed to a better understanding of factors associated with HGS, and thus, the HGS is recommended as a section in the health evaluation among high-risk older adults as the strategy of disease control and prevention.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: IS DEPRESSION A MEDIATOR?
Authors: Bamgbade Benita , Lovato James , Reboussin David , Rapp Stephen , Jaeger Byron , Williamson Jeff 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
By 2040, over 9 million US adults will live with dementia. Understanding the relationship between risk factors and cognitive decline is critical to prevent disease and slow progression. Depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are independent risk factors for cognitive impairment (CI) which may interact, suggesting depression may play a mediating role in the relationship between CVD and CI, an hypothesis explored in this study. Data from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), a multi-center, randomized, controlled trial were used in this multivariate logistic regression analysis. CI was defined as adjudicated cases of mild CI and probable dementia. Depression was defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥10 or current antidepressant therapy. We developed a CVD risk score using data from SPRINT participants and discretized the scores into tertiles. Of 9259 SPRINT participants, our analytic sample included 8456 who had adjudicated mild CI or dementia and had baseline depression scores. They were on average 68 years and 36% were female. After adjusting for age, sex, education, race, prior CVD, chronic kidney disease and treatment assignment, participants with high cardiovascular risk were more likely to have CI (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.17-2.05). Participants with depression were more likely to have CI (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05-1.58) however, the interaction between cardiovascular risk and cognition was not significant. Findings from this study suggest that while depression and CVD are associated with CI, depression may not explain the CVD-CI relationship. More research is needed to understand the relationship between depression, CVD and CI.
LONGITUDINAL NORMS OF COGNITIVE TESTS IN THE ENGLISH LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AGING
Authors: Marroig Alejandra , Massa Franklin , Muniz-Terrera Graciela 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Longitudinal research on cognitive change has mostly been focused on mean change in cognition and its associated factors. In this paper, we aim to assess the role of socio-demographic characteristics on different percentiles of the distribution of cognitive trajectories considering sample attrition due to death and intermittent missing data. We used data from 9 waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) covering the period 2002-2019. We consider the numeracy and literacy recall to assess cognition of older adults and applied weighted Generalized Estimating Equations to estimate the 10th, 50th (median), and 90th percentiles of the cognitive tests trajectories. We adjust for sample attrition due to death and assess the role of sex and education on the cognitive trajectories. The results show differences in the cognitive trajectories across the percentiles. There is a steeper cognitive decline for individuals with poorer cognitive condition (p&lt; 0.001). Sociodemographic characteristics are associated with cognitive decline but there is heterogeneity across cognitive trajectory percentiles. Education is protective against cognitive decline but it is more effective for individuals with lower cognitive impairment (p&lt; 0.001). In this approach we advance the understanding of cognitive trajectories of older adults, showing differences across percentiles. We address the process of missing information and the results show new insights. Thus, this may improve the practice and design of interventions aimed at cognitive decline of older adults. Our results provide important insights into longitudinal norms of cognitive decline in a population-representative of older adults.