bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential host-bacteria and bacteria-bacteria interactions determine the microbiome establishment of Nematostella vectensis
Authors: Domin H. , Zimmermann J. , Taubenheim J. , Fuentes Reyes G. , Saueressig L. , Prasse D. , Höppner M. , Schmitz R. A. , Hentschel U. , Kaleta C. , Fraune S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The microbiota of multicellular organisms undergoes considerable changes during host ontogeny but the general mechanisms that control community assembly and succession are poorly understood. Here, we use bacterial recolonization experiments in Nematostella vectensis as a model to understand general mechanisms determining bacterial establishment and succession. We compared the dynamic establishment of the microbiome on the germfree host and on inert silicone tubes.

Results
Following the dynamic reconstruction of microbial communities on both substrates, we show that the initial colonization events are strongly influenced by the host but not by the silicone tube, while the subsequent bacteria-bacteria interactions are the main driver of bacterial succession. Interestingly, the recolonization pattern on adult hosts resembles the ontogenetic colonization succession. This process occurs independently of the bacterial composition of the inoculum and can be followed at the level of individual bacteria. To identify potential metabolic traits associated with initial colonization success and potential metabolic interactions among bacteria associated with bacterial succession, we reconstructed the metabolic networks of bacterial colonizers based on their genomes. These analyses revealed that bacterial metabolic capabilities reflect the recolonization pattern, and the degradation of chitin might be a selection factor during early recolonization of the animal. Concurrently, transcriptomic analyses revealed that Nematostella possesses two chitin synthase genes, one of which is upregulated during early recolonization.

Conclusions
Our results show that early recolonization events are strongly controlled by the host while subsequent colonization depends on metabolic bacteria-bacteria interactions largely independent of host ontogeny.
Investigating the relationship between parental attitudes toward reading, early literacy activities, and reading literacy in Arabic among Emirati children
Authors: Alramamneh Yahia , Saqr Sumaya , Areepattamannil Shaljan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEmirati children’s reading skills have consistently lagged behind global standards on international standardized tests. Given the United Arab Emirates’s Vision 2031, which aims for a world-class education system, and given the importance of Arabic literacy in preserving national identity and cultural heritage, there is an urgent need to investigate the factors that influence Arabic literacy among Emirati children. Therefore, this study, using data from the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2016 database, aimed to examine the relationships between parents’ attitudes toward reading, early literacy activities, early literacy tasks, and Arabic literacy. Specifically, the study aimed to (1) determine the predictive value of parental attitudes toward reading for Arabic reading literacy among Emirati children; (2) examine how early literacy activities and tasks contribute to Arabic reading literacy; and (3) examine the mediating role of early literacy activities and tasks in the relationship between parental attitudes and Arabic reading literacy. The results of the study suggest that parental attitudes toward reading are an important predictor of their children’s Arabic reading literacy. Participation in early literacy activities before primary school and mastery of early literacy tasks at the beginning of primary school were both associated with reading proficiency in Arabic. Furthermore, both early literacy activities and early literacy tasks significantly mediated the relationship between parental attitudes toward reading and children’s reading proficiency in Arabic. The findings are critical for educators to adapt teaching methods, curricula, and parental involvement programs to more effectively support Arabic literacy development. The study highlights the need for an inclusive approach involving parents, educators, and policymakers to create an enabling environment for the development of Arabic literacy, which is essential for academic success and cultural preservation.
On hierarchical clustering-based approach for RDDBS design
Authors: Abdalla Hassan I. , Amer Ali A. , Ravana Sri Devi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDistributed database system (DDBS) design is still an open challenge even after decades of research, especially in a dynamic network setting. Hence, to meet the demands of high-speed data gathering and for the management and preservation of huge systems, it is important to construct a distributed database for real-time data storage. Incidentally, some fragmentation schemes, such as horizontal, vertical, and hybrid, are widely used for DDBS design. At the same time, data allocation could not be done without first physically fragmenting the data because the fragmentation process is the foundation of the DDBS design. Extensive research have been conducted to develop effective solutions for DDBS design problems. But the great majority of them barely consider the RDDBS's initial design. Therefore, this work aims at proposing a clustering-based horizontal fragmentation and allocation technique to handle both the early and late stages of the DDBS design. To ensure that each operation flows into the next without any increase in complexity, fragmentation and allocation are done simultaneously. With this approach, the main goals are to minimize communication expenses, response time, and irrelevant data access. Most importantly, it has been observed that the proposed approach may effectively expand RDDBS performance by simultaneously fragmenting and assigning various relations. Through simulations and experiments on synthetic and real databases, we demonstrate the viability of our strategy and how it considerably lowers communication costs for typical access patterns at both the early and late stages of design.
Sidewinding locomotion of flatworm-like mesh robot WORMESH-II
Authors: Rasanga Ganegoda V. C. , Hiraishi Kengo , Hodoshima Ryuichi , Kotosaka Shinya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWORMESH-II, which is the second prototype in the WORMESH series, is inspired by a flatten and soft-bodied fatworm, and its uniqueness is the use of multiple travelling waves for locomotion. In this paper, the sidewinding locomotions for WORMESH-II are talked about. This is because sidewinding is one of the most effective ways to traverse sandy terrain. The mathematical model of the sidewinding locomotion kinematics of WORMESH-II explains how synchronous multiple sidewinding waves can be used to control the movement of the robot effectively. Unlike WORMESH’s pedal-wave locomotion, sidewinding gaits allow the robot to be manoeuvred in any direction without changing the joint sequence. Relative to the wave propagation direction, velocity in the longitudinal direction is dependent on the vertical component of sidewinding travelling waves. Moreover, velocity in the transverse direction depends on the horizontal component of sidewinding travelling waves. The velocity in the longitudinal direction becomes zero when the phase shift of the travelling waves equals $$\pi $$
π
rad. The angular velocity around the instantaneous centre of rotation depends on the wave amplitude of the horizontal component of the sidewinding travelling wave along the kinematic chains, and the turning radius is proportional to the amplitude gradient along the kinematic chains. The dynamic simulation of WORMESH-II and testing with the WORMESH-II prototype confirmed the proposed method, which was based on the metamathematical explanation of locomotion.
Characterization of mechanical stiffness using additive manufacturing and finite element analysis: potential tool for bone health assessment
Authors: Marupudi Sriharsha , Cao Qian , Samala Ravi , Petrick Nicholas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Bone health and fracture risk are known to be correlated with stiffness. Both micro-finite element analysis (μFEA) and mechanical testing of additive manufactured phantoms are useful approaches for estimating mechanical properties of trabecular bone-like structures. However, it is unclear if measurements from the two approaches are consistent. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the agreement between stiffness measurements obtained from mechanical testing of additive manufactured trabecular bone phantoms and μFEA modeling. Agreement between the two methods would suggest 3D printing is a viable method for validation of μFEA modeling.

Methods
A set of 20 lumbar vertebrae regions of interests were segmented and the corresponding trabecular bone phantoms were produced using selective laser sintering. The phantoms were mechanically tested in uniaxial compression to derive their stiffness values. The stiffness values were also derived from in silico simulation, where linear elastic μFEA was applied to simulate the same compression and boundary conditions. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate agreement between the mechanical testing and μFEA simulation values. Additionally, we evaluated the fidelity of the 3D printed phantoms as well as the repeatability of the 3D printing and mechanical testing process.

Results
We observed good agreement between the mechanically tested stiffness and μFEA stiffness, with R2 of 0.84 and normalized root mean square deviation of 8.1%. We demonstrate that the overall trabecular bone structures are printed in high fidelity (Dice score of 0.97 (95% CI, [0.96,0.98]) and that mechanical testing is repeatable (coefficient of variation less than 5% for stiffness values from testing of duplicated phantoms). However, we noticed some defects in the resin microstructure of the 3D printed phantoms, which may account for the discrepancy between the stiffness values from simulation and mechanical testing.

Conclusion
Overall, the level of agreement achieved between the mechanical stiffness and μFEA indicates that our μFEA methods may be acceptable for assessing bone mechanics of complex trabecular structures as part of an analysis of overall bone health.
Everolimus for Children With Recurrent or Progressive Low-Grade Glioma: Results From the Phase II PNOC001 Trial
Authors: Haas-Kogan Daphne A. , Aboian Mariam S. , Minturn Jane E. , Leary Sarah E.S. , Abdelbaki Mohamed S. , Goldman Stewart , Elster Jennifer D. , Kraya Adam , Lueder Matthew R. , Ramakrishnan Divya , von Reppert Marc , Liu Kevin X. , Rokita Jo Lynne , Resnick Adam C. , Solomon David A. , Phillips Joanna J. , Prados Michael , Molinaro Annette M. , Waszak Sebastian M. , Mueller Sabine 
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE The PNOC001 phase II single-arm trial sought to estimate progression-free survival (PFS) associated with everolimus therapy for progressive/recurrent pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG) on the basis of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway activation as measured by phosphorylated-ribosomal protein S6 and to identify prognostic and predictive biomarkers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients, age 3-21 years, with progressive/recurrent pLGG received everolimus orally, 5 mg/m2 once daily. Frequency of driver gene alterations was compared among independent pLGG cohorts of newly diagnosed and progressive/recurrent patients. PFS at 6 months (primary end point) and median PFS (secondary end point) were estimated for association with everolimus therapy. RESULTS Between 2012 and 2019, 65 subjects with progressive/recurrent pLGG (median age, 9.6 years; range, 3.0-19.9; 46% female) were enrolled, with a median follow-up of 57.5 months. The 6-month PFS was 67.4% (95% CI, 60.0 to 80.0) and median PFS was 11.1 months (95% CI, 7.6 to 19.8). Hypertriglyceridemia was the most common grade ≥3 adverse event. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation did not correlate with clinical outcomes (6-month PFS, active 68.4% v nonactive 63.3%; median PFS, active 11.2 months v nonactive 11.1 months; P = .80). Rare/novel KIAA1549::BRAF fusion breakpoints were most frequent in supratentorial midline pilocytic astrocytomas, in patients with progressive/recurrent disease, and correlated with poor clinical outcomes (median PFS, rare/novel KIAA1549::BRAF fusion breakpoints 6.1 months v common KIAA1549::BRAF fusion breakpoints 16.7 months; P < .05). Multivariate analysis confirmed their independent risk factor status for disease progression in PNOC001 and other, independent cohorts. Additionally, rare pathogenic germline variants in homologous recombination genes were identified in 6.8% of PNOC001 patients. CONCLUSION Everolimus is a well-tolerated therapy for progressive/recurrent pLGGs. Rare/novel KIAA1549::BRAF fusion breakpoints may define biomarkers for progressive disease and should be assessed in future clinical trials.
Grey wolf optimization and incremental conductance based hybrid MPPT technique for solar powered induction motor driven water pump
Authors: Shetty Divya , Sabhahit Jayalakshmi Narayana 
Published: November 2023

The use of Solar Powered Water Pumps (SPWP) has emerged as a significant advancement in irrigation systems, offering a viable alternative to electricity and diesel-based pumping methods. The appeal of SPWPs to farmers lies in their low maintenance costs and the incentives provided by government agencies to support sustainable and cost-effective agricultural practices. However, a critical challenge faced by solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is their susceptibility to power loss under partial shading conditions, which can persist for extended periods, ultimately reducing system efficiency. To address this issue, this paper proposes the integration of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controllers with efficient algorithms designed to identify the peak power during shading events. In this study, a hybrid approach combining Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Incremental Conductance (INC) is employed to maximize the power output of SPWPs driven by an induction motor under partial shading conditions. In order to achieve faster convergence to the global peak, GWO handles the first stages of MPPT and then INC algorithm is employed at the end of the MPPT process. This method reduces the computations of GWO and streamlines the search space. The paper evaluates the performance of the induction motor in terms of speed settling time and torque ripple. To validate the effectiveness of the GWO-INC hybrid approach, simulations are conducted using the MATLAB Simulink platform. The outcomes are then compared with results obtained from various well-known approaches, including Particle Swarm Optimization – Perturb and Observe (PSO-PO), PSO-INC, and GWO-PO, illustrating the superiority of the GWO-INC hybrid approach in enhancing the efficiency and performance of solar water pumps during shading. The GWO-INC excels with 99.6% accuracy in uniform shading and 99.8% in partial shading. It achieves convergence in a mere 0.55 seconds under uniform shading conditions and only 0.42 seconds when partial shading is present. Moreover, it significantly reduces torque oscillations, with a torque ripple of 8.26% in cases of uniform shading and 10.56% in partial shading.
Normalized solutions for a critical fractional Choquard equation with a nonlocal perturbation
Authors: Lan Jiali , He Xiaoming , Meng Yuxi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this article, we study the fractional critical Choquard equation with a nonlocal perturbation:

(

−
Δ

)

s

u
=
λ
u
+
α

(

I

μ

*

∣
u
∣

q

)

∣
u
∣

q
−
2

u
+

(

I

μ

*

∣
u
∣

2

μ
,
s

*

)

∣
u
∣

2

μ
,
s

*

−
2

u
,

in

R

N

,

{\left(-{\Delta })}^{s}u=\lambda u+\alpha \left({I}_{{\mu }^{* }}\hspace{-0.25em}{| u| }^{q}){| u| }^{q-2}u+\left({I}_{{\mu }^{* }}\hspace{-0.25em}{| u| }^{{2}_{\mu ,s}^{* }}){| u| }^{{2}_{\mu ,s}^{* }-2}u,\hspace{1em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},

having prescribed mass

∫

R

N

u

2

d
x
=

c

2

,

\mathop{\int }\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}}{u}^{2}{\rm{d}}x={c}^{2},

where

s
∈

(

0
,
1

)

,
N
>
2
s
,
0
<
μ
<
N
,
α
>
0
,
c
>
0

s\in \left(0,1),N\gt 2s,0\lt \mu \lt N,\alpha \gt 0,c\gt 0

, and

I

μ

(

x

)

{I}_{\mu }\left(x)

is the Riesz potential given by

I

μ

(

x

)

=

A

μ

∣
x
∣

μ

with

A

μ

=

Γ

μ

2

2

N
−
μ

π

N
⁄
2

Γ

N
−
μ

2

,

{I}_{\mu }\left(x)=\frac{{A}_{\mu }}{{| x| }^{\mu }}\hspace{1em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{with}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}{A}_{\mu }=\frac{\Gamma \left(\phantom{\rule[-0.75em]{}{0ex}},\frac{\mu }{2}\right)}{{2}^{N-\mu }{\pi }^{N/2}\Gamma \left(\phantom{\rule[-0.75em]{}{0ex}},\frac{N-\mu }{2}\right)},

and

2
N
−
μ

N

<
q
<

2

μ
,
s

*

=

2
N
−
μ

N
−
2
s

\frac{2N-\mu }{N}\lt q\lt {2}_{\mu ,s}^{* }=\frac{2N-\mu }{N-2s}

is the fractional Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponent. Under the

L

2

{L}^{2}

-subcritical perturbation

α

(

I

μ

*

∣
u
∣

q

)

∣
u
∣

q
−
2

u

\alpha \left({I}_{{\mu }^{* }}\hspace{-0.25em}{| u| }^{q}){| u| }^{q-2}u

with exponent

2
N
−
μ

N

<
q
<

2
N
−
μ
+
2
s

N

\frac{2N-\mu }{N}\lt q\lt \frac{2N-\mu +2s}{N}

, we obtain the existence of normalized ground states and mountain-pass-type solutions. Meanwhile, for the

L

2

{L}^{2}

-critical and

L

2

{L}^{2}

-supercritical cases

2
N
−
μ
+
2
s

N

≤
q
<

2
N
−
μ

N
−
2
s

\frac{2N-\mu +2s}{N}\le q\lt \frac{2N-\mu }{N-2s}

, we also prove that the equation has ground states of mountain-pass-type.
Reconstruction of the regulatory hypermethylation network controlling hepatocellular carcinoma development during hepatitis C viral infection
Authors: Antropova Evgeniya A. , Khlebodarova Tamara M. , Demenkov Pavel S. , Volianskaia Anastasiia R. , Venzel Artur S. , Ivanisenko Nikita V. , Gavrilenko Alexandr D. , Ivanisenko Timofey V. , Adamovskaya Anna V. , Revva Polina M. , Kolchanov Nikolay A. , Lavrik Inna N. , Ivanisenko Vladimir A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been associated with hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection as a potential risk factor. Nonetheless, the precise genetic regulatory mechanisms triggered by the virus, leading to virus-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, remain unclear. We hypothesized that HCV proteins might modulate the activity of aberrantly methylated HCC genes through regulatory pathways. Virus-host regulatory pathways, interactions between proteins, gene expression, transport, and stability regulation, were reconstructed using the ANDSystem. Gene expression regulation was statistically significant. Gene network analysis identified four out of 70 HCC marker genes whose expression regulation by viral proteins may be associated with HCC: DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID – 1 (ID1), flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). It suggested the following viral protein effects in HCV/human protein heterocomplexes: HCV NS3(p70) protein activates human STAT3 and NOTC1; NS2-3(p23), NS5B(p68), NS1(E2), and core(p21) activate SETD2; NS5A inhibits SMYD3; and NS3 inhibits CCN2. Interestingly, NS3 and E1(gp32) activate c-Jun when it positively regulates CDKN2A and inhibit it when it represses TERT. The discovered regulatory mechanisms might be key areas of focus for creating medications and preventative therapies to decrease the likelihood of HCC development during HCV infection.
Alpha-mannosidosis: a case with novel ultrastructural and light microscopy findings
Authors: Leong Matthew , Sathi Bindu , Davis Amy , Hamid Syed , Wu Sandy , Woods Jeremy , Kharbanda Sandhya , Li Xiaomo , Hou Jean 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare genetic lysosomal storage condition leading to the systemic buildup of oligomannoside. Clinical presentation and associated conditions, as well as the full extent of histopathologic changes associated with this disease process, are not fully understood.

Case presentation
We present the case of an 8-year-1-month old patient with persistent anemia and who was initially diagnosed with Celiac disease before ultimately being diagnosed with alpha-mannosidosis. As part of his diagnostic work-up, duodenal and bone marrow biopsies were examined by pathology. Duodenal biopsies showed foamy plasma cells expanding the lamina propria which triggered a workup for a genetic storage disease; features suggestive of Celiac disease which resolved on gluten-free diet were also noted by pathology. Bone marrow analysis via electron microscopy showed cytoplasmic granules and inclusions in multiple immune cell lines.

Conclusions
Alpha-mannosidosis can occur with Celiac disease and milder forms may only be suspected from incidental pathology findings. The ultrastructural bone marrow findings from this case, the first to be reported from human, show numerous disease-associated changes in multiple immune cell lines whose contribution to disease-associated immunodeficiency is unclear.
Mercury and cadmium-induced inflammatory cytokines activation and its effect on the risk of preeclampsia: a review
Authors: Fadhila Alya N. , Pramono Besari A. , Muniroh Muflihatul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the last decade, there has been an increase in exposure to heavy metals that can affect human health and the environment, especially mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd). These exposures can pollute the rivers or oceans, then contaminating marine organisms. Humans as the last consumer of this food chain cycle can be a place for the bioaccumulation of Hg and Cd, especially for people living in coastal areas, including pregnant women. Exposure to heavy metals Hg and Cd can have a high risk of triggering blood vessel disorders, penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the placental barrier, one of which can increase the risk of preeclampsia. Several immunological biomarkers such as some cytokines associated with Hg and Cd exposure are also involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, which are the placental implantation process and endothelial dysfunction in pregnant women. Therefore, countries that have a high incidence of preeclampsia should be aware of the environmental factors, especially heavy metal pollution such as Hg and Cd.
Enhancement of chondrogenic differentiation in ATDC5 cells using GFOGER-modified peptide nanofiber scaffold
Authors: Yaylacı Seher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Owing to its avascular nature, cartilage tissue has a restricted capacity for regeneration. These structural features make it difficult for a fully functional tissue to regenerate after damage. Therefore, studies aiming at cartilage tissue regeneration are getting quite interesting. In this study, we employed a novel approach to induce chondrogenic differentiation using a collagen mimetic peptide amphihile (PA) nanofiber. The nanofiber comprised a specific peptide sequence – glycine-phenylalanine-hydroxyproline-glycine-glutamate-arginine (GFOGER), corresponding to the α1 (I) collagen chain. This sequence was selected for its ability to mimic the structure and function of natural collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM). This specific peptide sequence is expected to enhance the chondrogenic differentiation process by providing a more efficient and effective method for tissue engineering applications.

Methods
ATDC5 cells were cultured on the synthetic scaffold of collagen-mimicking PA nanofibers, facilitating adhesion, division, and chondrogenic cell differentiation.

Results
In our study, ATDC5 cells cultured on collagen mimetic peptide nanofiber expressed chondrogenic marker proteins, namely Collagen II and Sox9, significantly high at the 5th and 10th days compared to cells cultured on TCP in the absence of insulin as inducer.

Conclusions
According to our results, the collagen mimetic peptide-based scaffold supports cell growth and differentiation by mimicking the natural cell matrix.