bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences and Physical Limitations in the Association Between Subjective Well-Being and Cultural Consumption Among Older People
Authors: Carella Maria , Misuraca Roberta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present study examines the association between patterns of cultural engagement and subjective well-being amongst older adults, with a focus on gender differences and physical limitations. We carried out a latent class analysis using Italian data from a 2018 survey to identify the profiles of cultural consumers, exploring the relationship between these profiles and life, leisure, and friendship satisfaction. The results show that allocating more time to diverse cultural experiences was associated with higher levels of subjective well-being, even in the presence of gender differences and physical limitations. Women who engaged in diverse cultural experiences with increased intensity and who participated in highbrow activities exhibited higher levels of leisure and friendship satisfaction than men. Moreover, the analysis emphasizes the potential of cultural participation for aging adults dealing with physical challenges documenting that their participation in a diverse range of cultural activities is positively associated with friend and leisure satisfaction. The findings highlight the importance of cultural participation in enhancing older adults’ well-being; it is hoped that they will be used to inform the development of targeted welfare policies.
Development and Validation of a Real-Time Happiness Index Using Google Trends™
Authors: Greyling Talita , Rossouw Stephanié 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It is well-established that a positive relationship exists between happiness and the economic outcomes of a country. Traditionally, surveys have been the main method for measuring happiness, but they face challenges such as “survey fatigue”, high costs, time delays, and the fluctuating nature of happiness. Addressing these challenges of survey data, Big Data from sources like Google Trends™ and social media is now being used to complement surveys and provide policymakers with more timely insights into well-being. In recent years, Google Trends™ data has been leveraged to discern trends in mental health, including anxiety and loneliness, and construct robust predictors of subjective well-being composite categories. We aim to construct the first comprehensive, near real-time measure of population-level happiness using information-seeking query data extracted continuously using Google Trends™. We use a basket of English-language emotion words suggested to capture positive and negative affect and apply machine learning algorithms—XGBoost and ElasticNet—to identify the most important words and their weight in estimating happiness. We demonstrate our methodology using data from the United Kingdom and test its cross-country applicability in the Netherlands by translating the emotion words into Dutch. Lastly, we improve the fit for the Netherlands by incorporating country-specific emotion words. Evaluating the accuracy of our estimated happiness in countries against survey data, we find a very good fit with very low error metrics. Adding country-specific words improves the fit statistics. Our suggested innovative methodology demonstrates that emotion words extracted from Google Trends™ can accurately estimate a country’s level of happiness.
CO2 storage behavior of rice husk biochar–bitumen mixture at different pressures and temperatures: a detailed experimental investigation
Authors: Kumar Kondapaka Kishor , Omal N. M. , Sharma Vinod Kumar , Kandy Sharu Bhagavathi , Ağbulut Ümit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Overutilization of fossil fuels has led to elevated levels of atmospheric CO2, which presents substantial risks to global warming and climate change. The most effective way to address this issue is through the capture and use of carbon dioxide (CO2). In this regard, in the present study, an adsorption technique is chosen for CO2 capture whereas activated rice husk biochar (ARHBC) is synthesized as an adsorbent. In addition, two more samples, i.e., pure bitumen and its mixture with 6% ARHBC are prepared to study their CO2 adsorption behavior at near ambient conditions. The physical characterization, i.e., BET, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDS, and TGA analyses, of these adsorbents are carried out which results in the favor of their suitability toward CO2 adsorption showing the BET surface area of 2492.9 m2 g−1, thermal stability, and high porosity. In addition, the strength (softening point, penetration, and ductility) of the bitumen–ARHBC mixture is tested to confirm its suitability for construction applications and found to be higher than the minimum permissible values. Later, all three adsorbents are tested for CO2 storage capabilities using a volumetric method-based apparatus at different temperatures and pressures. The CO2 adsorption test results in 0.33 gm gm−1 of ARHBC, 0.05 gm gm−1 of mixture, and 0.02 gm gm−1 of pure bitumen at 25 °C and 4.5 bar. The obtained CO2 adsorption capacity of ARHBC, i.e., 3.1 mmol/gm at 1 bar and 25 °C is observed to be similar to the results in the literature. It is suggested that the mixture’s adsorption capacity can be increased by increasing the ARHBC content till the permissible limit.
Accelerated Academia: Time Regimes of a University Merger
Authors: Poutanen Mikko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores a Finnish university merger as a disruption of academic time regimes. Previous research has shown how academic time regimes are drawn ever tighter by increasing pressures for performance, efficiency and competitiveness both on the level of higher education institutions and individual academics. On a policy level, higher education is called upon to do more, to contribute more to economic growth and competitiveness. Public higher education institutions (HEIs) are also reformed to this effect. Accelerating policy initiatives change organizational time regimes in HEIs, encroaching upon individual academic time regimes. Academics experience this as less self-determined professional time available to them and increased imposed organizational time demands, with problematic consequences to meaningful academic self-governance. Our findings add to current discussions on accelerating academia by suggesting an analytical separation of time regimes that impact academia to describe experiences of acceleration. The article draws on survey and interview data from a Finnish university merger to show how organizational changes further disrupt academic time regimes. As a result, academics experience a sense of lost control and agency over their own work, or, following Hartmut Rosa, alienation.
XadA-like adhesin XADA2 regulates biofilm formation in X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa putatively by engaging oleic-acid derived oxylipins
Authors: Scala Valeria , Salustri Manuel , Merfa Marcus Vinicius , Beccaccioli Marzia , Lascala Leonardo , De La Fuente Leonardo , Reverberi Massimo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The oxylipins 10-HpOME and 7,10-DiHoME derive from oleic acid and have been extensively studied for their ability to regulate contractions, microcolony formation and biofilm formation in the model organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methods and results

Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca strain de Donno has been reported to produce 10-HpOME and 7,10-DiHOME in vivo when inoculated in the model plant Nicotiana tabacum or in naturally occurring infected olive trees. In this study, we deciphered the relationship among cell adhesion and oxylipins in Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa (Temecula1 strain) and subsp. multiplex (AlmaEM3 strain). The role of the PD0744 gene, encoding for XadA2, a non-fimbrial adhesin belonging to the trimeric autotransporter family, probably involved in the surface attachment required in the initial phase of biofilm formation was investigated. PD0744 deletion mutants in two X. fastidiosa strains were generated, through homologous recombination, and the impact of its deletion on bacterial lifestyle was assessed. In vitro assays were performed to characterize the mutant phenotype, particularly in twitching motility and its capability to grow and form biofilm. Mutants showed a reduced twitching motility and biofilm formation compared to wild type strains. HPLC–MS/MS analysis revealed a decrease in 7,10-DiHOME production together with an increase of its precursor 10-HpOME in the mutants.

Conclusions
7,10-DiHOME could be a crucial signaling molecule to promote biofilm formation and twitching motility, whose synthesis likely depends on a signal transduction requiring the presence of the adhesin XadA2 and thus not working if this protein is depleted. These results help understanding the complex regulation of biofilm formation in this devastating pathogen.
The association between postoperative photon radiotherapy dose and disease control and salvage treatment in pediatric and adolescent ependymoma: a multi-institutional investigation
Authors: Liu Kevin X. , Salans Mia , Easwaran Teresa P. , Phuong Christina , Yeo Kee Kiat , Elhalawani Hesham , Catalano Paul J. , Dusenbery Kathryn , Marcus Karen J. , Terezakis Stephanie A. , Haas-Kogan Daphne A. , Braunstein Steve E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
We characterized the association between photon radiation dose (< 59.4 versus ≥ 59.4 Gy) and outcomes in intracranial ependymoma. We also examined factors associated with survival after relapse.

Methods
This multi-institutional retrospective study included patients age ≤ 21 years who received postoperative definitive-intent photon radiotherapy for posterior fossa ependymoma between 1997 and 2021. Clinical characteristics were obtained from medical records. Five-year overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Factors associated with progression after radiotherapy, including dose < 59.4 versus ≥ 59.4 Gy, were analyzed using Fine and Gray’s proportional subhazards model. Factors associated with post-relapse survival were explored using the Cox proportional-hazards model.

Results
We identified 45 patients meeting inclusion criteria; 48.9% received ≥ 59.4 Gy. There was no difference in 5-year OS or PFS between those who received < 59.4 Gy versus ≥ 59.4 (OS 49.0% vs. 82.9%, p = 0.11; PFS 36.4% vs. 63.9%, p = 0.08); however, there was a trend towards worse 5-year OS and PFS among patients with grade 2 ependymoma who received < 59.4 Gy (OS 48.8% vs. 88.9%, p = 0.06, PFS 40.0% vs. 83.1%, p = 0.08). Only age > 4 years at diagnosis (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR]: 0.40, p = 0.03) was associated lower risk of progression. Following radiotherapy, 24 patients relapsed. Receipt of salvage systemic therapy was associated with worse post-relapse OS on multivariable analysis (HR = 2.84, p = 0.04).

Conclusion
Underlying biological factors such as age and molecular subtype may hold greater prognostic significance than radiation dose in pediatric ependymoma. Regardless, recurrences are common and outcomes remain poor. Further research into optimal management of relapsed disease is critical.
Random Pricing: Bertrand Competition with Uncontested Consumers
Authors: Lenhard Severin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two firms offer a homogeneous product and compete in prices. Consumers are homogeneous yet differ in their access to the firms. Three groups exist: Consumers who have access to both firms and can compare prices; and consumers who can access only one of the two firms and are thus uncontested. The group sizes may differ: One firm’s uncontested consumer base may be zero. No pure strategy equilibrium exists. In the mixed equilibrium, firms randomize on the same continuum of prices; in expectation, the firm with the larger consumer base plays a higher price and has a higher expected demand. We study: the firms’ incentive to invest in demand; effects of price discrimination; and collusion. Moreover, we extend the model to more than two firms and discuss mergers.
A Relative Measure of Economic Insecurity and the Nexus with Job Change
Authors: Gallo Alessandro , Pacei Silvia , Ferrante Maria Rosaria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Economic insecurity is attracting growing attention in the social well-being literature. However, there is still debate about its definition and measurement which deserve further and in depth study. Assuming that economic insecurity relates to the forward-looking perception of future outcomes based on past experience, we suggest a class of relative indices measuring the individual feeling of economic insecurity by considering relative past resource fluctuations. The innovation we implement in this context consists in considering relative changes, supposing that individuals evaluate each fluctuation based on their previous resource level. We take advantage of the measures suggested to study how economic insecurity may affect job mobility. Obtained results show that economic insecurity has a significant impact on the probability of changing jobs, and that its effect differs by gender and working experience.
Randomized tensor decomposition using parallel reconfigurable systems
Authors: Misra Ajita , Abdelgawad Muhammad A. A. , Jing Peng , Cheung Ray C. C. , Yan Hong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tensor decomposition algorithms are essential for extracting meaningful latent variables and uncovering hidden structures in real-world data tensors. Unlike conventional deterministic tensor decomposition algorithms, randomized methods offer higher efficiency by reducing memory requirements and computational complexity. This paper proposes an efficient hardware architecture for a randomized tensor decomposition implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) using high-level synthesis (HLS). The proposed architecture integrates random projection, power iteration, and subspace approximation via QR decomposition to achieve low-rank approximation of multidimensional datasets. The proposed architecture utilizes the capabilities of reconfigurable systems to accelerate tensor computation. It includes three central units: (1) tensor times matrix chain (TTMc), (2) tensor unfolding unit, and (3) QR decomposition unit to implement a three-stage algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that our FPGA design achieves up to 14.56 times speedup compared to the well-implemented tensor decomposition using software library Tensor Toolbox on an Intel i7-9700 CPU. For a large input tensor of size

$$512 \times 512 \times 512$$

512
×
512
×
512

, the proposed design achieves a 5.55 times speedup compared to an Nvidia Tesla T4 GPU. Furthermore, we utilize our hardware-based high-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) accelerator for two real applications: background subtraction of dynamic video datasets and data compression. In both applications, our proposed design shows high efficiency regarding accuracy and computational time.
Explaining objective probabilities by physical symmetries
Authors: Voggenauer Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, I discuss the relationship between the method of arbitrary functions and single-case probabilities, and offer an interpretation of these probabilities by reference to physical symmetries of chance experiments. The method of arbitrary functions attempts to explain outcome frequencies through the underlying deterministic dynamics of chance experiments and the constant proportions of these dynamics that lead to different outcomes in repeated chance experiments. However, the method of arbitrary functions alone appears to provide no comprehensive interpretation of deterministic chance since it relies on distributions of initial conditions that, in turn, require interpretation. Moreover, even without reference to distributions of initial conditions, the method of arbitrary functions may not be able to provide genuine single-case probabilities since the constant proportions appear to become relevant for outcomes only in repeated chance experiments. In this paper, I propose an explanation of the constant proportions of dynamics via the physical properties of single chance experiments. By doing so, I attempt to develop the method of arbitrary functions into a comprehensive interpretation of probability that does not rely on the distribution of initial conditions and covers genuine single-case probabilities. Specifically, I show how the constant proportions result from what I will call the relevant physical symmetries of chance experiments, i.e., from a regular constitution of chance devices with respect to the dynamically realized symmetry transformations in single chance experiments.
Comparative evaluation of lower respiratory tract microbiota in healthy and BRD-affected calves in Egypt
Authors: Sabry Ibrahim , Zeineldin Mohamed , Kamal Mohamed , Hefnawy Abdelghany , El-Attar Hussam , Abdelraof Yasein , Ghanem Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies has uncovered the importance of commensal microbial populations in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) for mucosal health and their role in the development of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). In this study, we aimed to characterize and compare the LRT microbiota in healthy and BRD-affected calves in Egypt. After assessing clinical respiratory scores in both groups, post-mortem lung samples from the cranial lobes of six clinically healthy calves and six calves affected by BRD were collected following slaughter. The most prevalent bacterial families in all samples were Moraxellaceae (11.06%), Enterobacteriaceae (8.23%), and Flavobacteriaceae (8.13%). The most common bacterial genera across all samples were Acinetobacter (13.1%), Gracilibacillus (7.9%), and Pseudomonas (5.0%). Notably, the overall microbial community structures differed significantly between healthy and BRD-affected calves. Alpha diversity analysis revealed significant differences in the Shannon (p = 0.0043) and Chao1 (p = 0.0001) indices between the two groups. This study highlights the substantial impact of BRD on the LRT microbiota of calves, highlighting the intricate relationship between host health and the LRT microbial ecosystem. Further investigations involving a larger sample size are necessary to establish the clinical significance of LRT microbiota in maintaining bovine respiratory health.
A Survey on Deep Stereo Matching in the Twenties
Authors: Tosi Fabio , Bartolomei Luca , Poggi Matteo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Stereo matching is close to hitting a half-century of history, yet witnessed a rapid evolution in the last decade thanks to deep learning. While previous surveys in the late 2010s covered the first stage of this revolution, the last five years of research brought further ground-breaking advancements to the field. This paper aims to fill this gap in a two-fold manner: first, we offer an in-depth examination of the latest developments in deep stereo matching, focusing on the pioneering architectural designs and groundbreaking paradigms that have redefined the field in the 2020s; second, we present a thorough analysis of the critical challenges that have emerged alongside these advances, providing a comprehensive taxonomy of these issues and exploring the state-of-the-art techniques proposed to address them. By reviewing both the architectural innovations and the key challenges, we offer a holistic view of deep stereo matching and highlight the specific areas that require further investigation. To accompany this survey, we maintain a regularly updated project page that catalogs papers on deep stereo matching in our Awesome-Deep-Stereo-Matching repository.
THM-modelling benchmark initiative on the effects of temperature on the disposal of heat-generating radioactive waste in clay formations
Authors: Simo Eric , de Lesquen Christophe , Leon-Vargas Rocio Paola , Vu Minh-ngoc , Raude Simon , El Tabbal Ginger , Dizier Arnaud , Seetharam Suresh , Narkuniene Asta , Collin Frédéric , Song Hangbiao , Gens Antonio , Song Fei , Tatomir Alexandru-Bogdan , Nagel Thomas , Buchwald Jörg 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding the thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) behaviour of clay formations, which are being considered as potential hosts for the disposal of radioactive waste in Europe, is important for the feasibility and the safe disposal of heat-generating radioactive waste in deep geological clayey formations. To ensure the reliability of numerical models and tools used to predict the THM evolution of such systems over long periods of time, it is necessary to verify and validate these tools through benchmarking initiatives. As part of the joint European Programme on Radioactive Waste Management (EURAD), the Influence of Temperature on Clay-based Material Behaviour (HITEC) work package invited seven teams from across Europe to participate in a benchmark initiative to assess the expertise and capabilities of these teams and their numerical tools to predict THM evolution in different clay materials. The results of this benchmark showed that all teams involved were able to adequately model the THM behaviour of heat-generating repository systems in clay formations, and the tools they used can be considered verified for the solution of coupled THM equations under variable boundary conditions relevant for nuclear waste disposal.
The Toll of Protecting and Serving: Treating Concurrent Moral Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Male Police Officers
Authors: Hanley Kayla R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Police officers who experience a potentially morally injurious event (PMIE) may experience moral injury (MI) if the event is not processed with the officers’ support systems. MI causes a dichotomy between one’s actions, or inactions, and one’s morality. When left unaddressed, MI can occur concurrently with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, there is no evidence-based intervention to address MI with police officers. Because of the clinical overlap between MI and PTSD and their often simultaneous occurrence, social workers can alter trauma-focused interventions to address MI more effectively. This paper presents a case study, a method that allows for descriptive exploration of the clinical experiences of clients. This case study explores how the modification and application of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) can treat both sets of MI and PTSD symptoms in Hispanic male police officers and support the need for social worker innovation.
Empirical analysis of the differences in the drivers of fertility between CEE countries and the rest of the EU
Authors: Németh András Olivér , Németh Petra , Tőkés László 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Our research aims to reveal the key social, economic, and other factors behind the common fertility trends of the CEE countries compared to the rest of Europe over the past decades. A panel analysis was conducted to examine the main (social and economic) determinants of the total fertility rate using the fixed-effect method. The study employs macro-level data from the 27 countries of the European Union with special attention to the 11 CEE countries; the analysed period lasts from 1990 to 2021. The results demonstrate that fertility in the CEE countries is significantly more sensitive to changes in the economic situation, and demographic and social variables related to childbirth have a more pronounced effect on the TFR. In contrast, variables related to the ageing of society seem to be less decisive. Our main academic contribution is to extend the empirical literature on fertility rates in Central and Eastern Europe. There are indeed differences in the determinants of the TFR in Central and Eastern Europe compared to the rest of Europe over the past decades, which allows policymakers to respond more efficiently to changes in the fertility patterns of the region.