bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Re-evaluating stoichiometric estimates of iron valence in magmatic clinopyroxene crystals
Authors: Neave David A. , Stewart Alexander G. , Hartley Margaret E. , McCammon Catherine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClinopyroxene is a major rock forming mineral capable of incorporating diverse metal cations. As a consequence, clinopyroxene preserves valuable archives of magmatic processes. Understanding clinopyroxene is thus essential for understanding Earth’s wider chemical evolution. However, knowledge about the relative abundances of ferrous and ferric iron in magmatic clinopyroxene remains sparse because it is not currently possible to routinely measure the valence of iron in clinopyroxene crystals without either separating single crystals for bulk analysis or securing access to Mössbauer spectroscopy or a synchrotron radiation source to perform in-situ microanalysis. This is despite magmatic clinopyroxene crystals often containing appreciable quantities of ferric iron that affect its stability and behaviour in currently ill-constrained ways and limit our ability to exploit its chemistry to robustly reconstruct conditions of magma storage and evolution. Here we integrate optimised electron probe microanalysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy on endmember and single-crystal clinopyroxene samples to re-evaluate previously discredited approaches for estimating clinopyroxene ferric iron contents by stoichiometry. By ensuring that we measured all major and minor elements in clinopyroxene crystals with sufficient precision, we show that it is possible to readily obtain stoichiometric estimates of clinopyroxene ferric-to-total iron ratios with similar precisions to those derived from Mössbauer spectroscopy (1$${\sigma }$$
σ
$$\sim$$
∼
3.5% absolute). Being able to robustly determine clinopyroxene ferric iron contents enables us to propose a new empirical scheme for assigning clinopyroxene components that explicitly accounts for ferric iron, which is primarily hosted within esseneite component (CaFe$$^{3+}$$

3
+

AlSiO$$_{6}$$

6

) in clinopyroxenes dominated by quadrilateral components and aegirine component (NaFe$$^{3+}$$

3
+

Si$$_{2}$$

2

O$$_{6}$$

6

) in alkali clinopyroxenes. Our new scheme provides a framework for documenting the full spectrum of clinopyroxene compositions in both natural and experimental systems when analyses are performed with sufficient precision.
A comparative study of cyanoacrylate-based tissue adhesive and surgical sutures on marginal flap stability following coronally advanced flap
Authors: Pabst Andreas , Becker Philipp , Kuchen Robert , Schumann Sven , Kasaj Adrian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The present study evaluated the biomechanical characteristics of cyanoacrylate-based tissue adhesive (TA) compared to surgical sutures in coronally advanced flap (CAF) procedures using an ex-vivo model.

Material and methods
Thirty-six half-pig mandibles were divided into three groups, n=12 each: (I) CAF fixed with sutures (sling and tag suture technique), (II) CAF fixed with TA, and (III) CAF fixed with sutures and TA. At mandibular premolars, gingival recession defects extending 3 mm apical to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) were created. CAF procedures were performed using a split-full-split approach, with coronal advancement of the flap to 1 mm above the marked CEJ and stabilization according to the respective groups I–III. Marginal flap stability against pull-of forces (maximum tensile force) was measured with a universal material testing machine until the CEJ became visible.

Results
The comparison between groups I–III demonstrated a significantly increased maximum tensile force for the TA (II) compared to the suture group (I) (p<0.001). A significantly increased maximum tensile force was found for the suture and TA (III) compared to the suture group (I) (p<0.001). There was also a significantly increased maximum tensile force in the suture and TA (III) compared to the TA group (II) (p<0.001).

Conclusion
The results suggest that cyanoacrylate-based TA can increase marginal flap stability compared to sutures in CAF procedures.

Clinical relevance
Cyanoacrylate-based TA can be considered a useful and valuable adjunct to conventional suturing techniques in periodontal plastic surgery, especially in cases where high flap stability is required. The results of this ex-vivo study can only be transferred to the clinical situation with limitations. Clinical long-term follow-up data must be generated.
Assessing collaboration, knowledge exchange, and stakeholder agency in coastal governance to enhance climate resilience
Authors: Rölfer Lena , Celliers Louis , Fernandes Meredith , Rivers Nina , Snow Bernadette , Abson David J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoastal governance plays a central role in building the capacities for adaptation and transformation towards climate resilience in coastal social-ecological systems (SES). However, enhancing climate resilience requires effective coordination between organisations involved in coastal governance. Therefore, more information about the role and agency of organisations and the relationships between them is needed. This paper aims to improve the understanding of collaboration, knowledge exchange, and stakeholder agency for enhancing climate resilience in coastal SES, using a case study in Algoa Bay, South Africa. We apply and combine stakeholder analysis and social network analysis, which is currently underrepresented in climate change adaptation research. Results suggest that different top-down and bottom-up processes are needed to improve knowledge exchange and enhance climate resilience in the coastal governance of the Algoa Bay SES. These include improved leadership, effective knowledge transfer, integration of climate information, support for bridging organisations, and inclusivity of marginalised stakeholders. These suggestions may also be more broadly applicable and transferable to similar coastal SES. Ultimately, the results of this study shed light on network structures in coastal governance facing climate change and advance research on combining stakeholder analysis and social network analysis in climate change adaptation and environmental governance research.
Generation of Orchard and Tree-Child Networks
Authors: Cardona Gabriel , Ribas Gerard , Pons Joan Carles 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhylogenetic networks are an extension of phylogenetic trees that allow for the representation of reticulate evolution events. One of the classes of networks that has gained the attention of the scientific community over the last years is the class of orchard networks, that generalizes tree-child networks, one of the most studied classes of networks. In this paper we focus on the combinatorial and algorithmic problem of the generation of binary orchard networks, and also of binary tree-child networks. To this end, we use that these networks are defined as those that can be recovered by reversing a certain reduction process. Then, we show how to choose a “minimum” reduction process among all that can be applied to a network, and hence we get a unique representation of the network that, in fact, can be given in terms of sequences of pairs of integers, whose length is related to the number of leaves and reticulations of the network. Therefore, the generation of networks is reduced to the generation of such sequences of pairs. Our main result is a recursive method for the efficient generation of all minimum sequences, and hence of all orchard (or tree-child) networks with a given number of leaves and reticulations. An implementation in C of the algorithms described in this paper, along with some computational experiments, can be downloaded from the public repository https://github.com/gerardet46/OrchardGenerator. Using this implementation, we have computed the number of binary orchard networks with at most 6 leaves and 8 reticulations.
Is magnesium deficiency the major cause of needle chlorosis of Pinus taeda in Brazil?
Authors: Motta Antônio Carlos Vargas , Maeda Shizuo , Rodrigues Valdécio dos Santos dos Santos , Ercole Tamires Maiara , Prior Stephen Arthur , Brumat Ana Elisa Lyra , Moura Amanda Pacheco Cardoso , Barbosa Julierme Zimmer , Gomes João Bosco Vasconcellos 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNeedle chlorosis (NC) in Pinus taeda L. systems in Brazil becomes more frequent after second and third harvest rotation cycles. In a study to identify factors contributing to yellowing needle chorosis (YNC), trees were grown in soils originating from contrasting parent materials, and soils and needles (whole, green and chlorotic portions) from 1- and 2-year-old branches and the first and second needle flush release at four sites with YNC on P. taeda were analyzed for various elements and properties. All soils had very low base levels (Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+) and P, suggesting a possible lack of multiple elements. YNC symptoms started at needle tips, then extended toward the needle base with time. First flush needles had longer portions with YNC than second flush needles did. Needles from the lower crown also had more symptoms along their length than those higher in the canopy. Symptoms were similar to those reported for Mg. In chlorotic portions, Mg and Ca concentrations were well below critical values; in particular, Mg levels were only one third of the critical value of 0.3 g kg−1. Collectively, results suggest that Mg deficiency is the primary reason for NC of P. taeda in various parent soils in Brazil.
Semiclassical analysis of a nonlocal boundary value problem related to magnitude
Authors: Gimperlein Heiko , Goffeng Magnus , Louca Nikoletta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe study a Dirichlet boundary problem related to the fractional Laplacian in a manifold. Its variational formulation arises in the study of magnitude, an invariant of compact metric spaces given by the reciprocal of the ground state energy. Using recent techniques developed for pseudodifferential boundary problems we discuss the structure of the solution operator and resulting properties of the magnitude. In a semiclassical limit we obtain an asymptotic expansion of the magnitude in terms of curvature invariants of the manifold and the boundary, similar to the invariants arising in short-time expansions for heat kernels.
Scattering theory with unitary twists
Authors: Doll Moritz , Fedosova Ksenia , Pohl Anke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe study the spectral properties of the Laplace operator associated to a hyperbolic surface in the presence of a unitary representation of the fundamental group. Following the approach by Guillopé and Zworski, we establish a factorization formula for the twisted scattering determinant and describe the behavior of the scattering matrix in a neighborhood of 1/2.
‘How Would you Score Yourself?’: The Effect of Self-assessment Strategy Through Robots on Children’s Motivation and Performance in Piano Practice
Authors: Song Heqiu , Tsiakas Konstantinos , Ham Jaap , Markopoulos Panos , Barakova Emilia I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research examines how to design social robots to support self-regulated learning skills for piano practice. More specifically, a social robot is used to provide feedback to children and initiate self-assessment. To assess the impact of this approach on children’s motivation and performance, we conducted an experiment in a music school where 50 children practiced with both a self-assessment and a non-evaluative robot. Results showed that when the children interacted with the self-assessment robot they had higher motivation and better performance than when they interacted with the non-evaluative robot. Furthermore, interaction effects were found between the robot conditions, the children’s learning stages, and their gender regarding their motivation and rhythm performance. Overall, the study demonstrates a positive influence of robot-initiated self-assessment on children’s musical instrument practice and provided insights for personalized child-robot interaction design.
Post-acute Cardiovascular Sequelae of COVID-19: an Overview of Functional and Imaging Insights
Authors: Rodriguez Carlos R. , Rodriguez Roy A. , Valbuena Silvia , Mueller Stephan , Halle Martin , Nagel Eike , Puntmann Valentina O. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To evaluate the potential role of advanced cardiac imaging and cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the diagnosis and evaluation of persistent cardiovascular conditions after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Recent Findings
SARS-COV-2 has shown an overwhelming capacity to attack multiple organs, with the respiratory system being the most frequently involved. However, various cardiovascular complications have been reported during the course of the disease, becoming one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality. Many articles have addressed the acute cardiovascular complications of SARS-CoV-2; however, chronic cardiovascular conditions that persist beyond acute infection are less well studied. Echocardiography has a role during the initial approach, but advanced cardiac images such as cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiac CT can be required since a normal echo finding does not exclude cardiovascular involvement. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing has proven to be a highly valuable tool in cases where the symptoms persist besides normal advanced images.

Summary
The present review includes the most relevant articles regarding the use of cardiac imaging and cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the evaluation of chronic cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19.
Polarimetric Radar Signatures in Various Lightning Activities During Seoul (Korea) Flood on August 8, 2022
Authors: Kim Hee-Ae , Ho Junho , Zhang Guifu , Ha Kyung-Ja , Hong Song-You , Ho Chang-Hoi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOn August 8 and 9, 2022, a record-breaking rain rate of 142 mm h−1, with an accumulated rainfall of more than 500 mm, was observed in the Seoul metropolitan area, Republic of Korea. This study focuses on analyzing the concentration of lightning in southern Seoul, which occurred solely on August 8. It is worth noting that the daily rainfall of August 8 was approximately twice that of August 9 (381 mm on August 8 vs. 198 mm on August 9). The RKSG (located in Yongin, 40 km south of Seoul) Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler was used to explore the characteristics of cloud microphysics associated with lightning activity. Four major heavy rain periods on August 8 were grouped into three categories of lightning rate (e.g., intense, moderate, and none), and their polarimetric signatures were compared. Significant differences in the vertical distribution of graupel were found within the temperature range of 0 °C and − 20 °C, as indicated by radar reflectivity (ZH) > 40 dBZ and differential reflectivity (ZDR) < 0.5 dB. Although graupel was detected in all three categories at the relatively warm temperatures of 0 °C to − 10 °C, its presence extended into colder regions exclusively in the intense category. This observation preceded the appearance of lightning by approximately 6 min. At heights with temperature ≤  − 20 °C, a high concentration of vertically aligned ice crystals was observed in lightning-prone regions, leading to a decrease in differential phase (ΦDP). In summary, this study provides valuable insights into the microphysical characteristics of thunderstorms and their relationship to lightning activity in the Seoul metropolitan area.
Personal Autonomy and (Digital) Technology: An Enactive Sensorimotor Framework
Authors: Pérez-Verdugo Marta , Barandiaran Xabier E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany digital technologies, designed and controlled by intensive data-driven corporate platforms, have become ubiquitous for many of our daily activities. This has raised political and ethical concerns over how they might be threatening our personal autonomy. However, not much philosophical attention has been paid to the specific role that their hyper-designed (sensorimotor) interfaces play in this regard. In this paper, we aim to offer a novel framework that can ground personal autonomy on sensorimotor interaction and, from there, directly address how technological design affects personal autonomy. To do this, we will draw from enactive sensorimotor approaches to cognition, focusing on the central notion of habits, understood as sensorimotor schemes that, in networked relations, give rise to sensorimotor agency. Starting from sensorimotor agency as a basis for more complex forms of personal autonomy, our approach gives us grounds to analyse our relationship with technology (in general) and to distinguish between autonomy-enhancing and autonomy-diminishing technologies. We argue that, by favouring/obstructing the enactment of certain (networks of) habits over others, technologies can directly act upon our personal autonomy, locally and globally. With this in mind, we then discuss how current digital technologies are often being designed to be autonomy-diminishing (as is the case of “dark patterns” in design), and sketch some ideas on how to build more autonomy-enhancing digital technologies.
The Inside Scoop: What We Learnt About Getting into Academic Publishing During Our Editorial Internship
Authors: H. R Church , L Govender 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe world of publication can seem intimidating and closed to the newcomer. How then does one even begin to get a foot in the door? In this paper, the authors draw from the literature and their recent lived experience as editorial interns to consider this challenge under the theme of access, and how it overlaps with the various components of academic publication. The main three components of the publication ‘machine’ are discussed in this article, authoring, reviewing, and editing. These are preceded by the first, and arguably foundational, interaction with academic journal publishing—reading. Without reading articles across different journals, and even in different disciplines, understanding the breadth of scholarship and its purpose is impossible. The subsequent components of authoring, reviewing, and editing, which are all enhanced by ongoing familiarity with current literature through further reading, are considered in further detail in the remainder of this article, with practical advice provided as to how to gain access and experience in each of these areas, for example, writing non-research article manuscripts, engaging in collaborative peer review, and applying for editorial opportunities (with perseverance) when the opportunity presents itself. Medical education publication can seem daunting and closed to entry-level academics. This article is written to dispel this view, and challenges the notion that the world of publication is reserved for experts only. On the contrary, newcomers to the field are essential for academic publications to retain relevance, dynamism, and innovation particularly in the face of the changing landscape of medical education.
Combined Ash and Soot Monitoring for Gasoline Particulate Filters Using a Radio-Frequency-Based Sensor
Authors: Walter Stefanie , Schwanzer Peter , Hagen Gunter , Rabl Hans-Peter , Dietrich Markus , Moos Ralf 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIncreasingly stringent emission limits have made particulate filters necessary for gasoline engines. Similar to diesel applications, gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) can be monitored by differential pressure measurement or by the radio-frequency-based filter diagnosis (RF sensor). In addition to measuring the soot loading, ash detection is critical for monitoring the GPF over the entire vehicle lifetime. Because the RF sensor detects the filter loading through a change in the dielectric properties of the GPF, it can detect not only soot but also ash. In diesel applications, the RF sensor has already demonstrated its potential for ash detection. To verify the feasibility of simultaneous ash and soot monitoring for GPFs, filters were loaded with ash on an engine test bench and measured on a lab test bench under defined synthetic exhaust gas conditions. By evaluating resonant modes, soot and ash could be clearly distinguished, as ash mainly affects the resonant frequency, while soot also changes the quality factor due to its high dielectric losses. However, higher soot loadings could not be detected by the resonant parameters, but instead by a frequency-averaged transmission signal. While the presence of ash caused an offset in this signal, its sensitivity to soot was not affected. Thus, the influence of ash can be corrected if the signal in the soot-free filter state is known, e.g., from the behavior of the resonant parameters. Therefore, even with a continuously increasing ash loading over the lifetime of a vehicle, an accurate soot detection is possible with the RF sensor.
A chitosan-based antibacterial hydrogel with injectable and self-healing capabilities
Authors: Chen Rui , Hao Yanan , Francesco Secundo , Mao Xiangzhao , Huang Wen-Can 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe presence of bacteria directly affects wound healing. Chitosan-based hydrogel biomaterials are a solution as they offer advantages for wound-healing applications due to their strong antimicrobial properties. Here, a double-cross-linking chitosan-based hydrogel with antibacterial, self-healing, and injectable properties is reported. Thiolated chitosan was successfully prepared, and the thiolated chitosan molecules were cross-linked by Ag–S coordination to form a supramolecular hydrogel. Subsequently, the amine groups in the thiolated chitosan covalently cross-linked with genipin to further promote hydrogel formation. In vitro experimental results indicate that hydrogel can release Ag+ over an extended time, achieving an antibacterial rate of over 99% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Due to the reversible and dynamic feature of Ag–S coordination, an antibacterial hydrogel exhibited injectable and self-healing capabilities. Additionally, the hydrogel showed excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.
Can we provide appropriate tools to measure the effectiveness of climate agreements? The Paris agreement and the role of the European External Action Service
Authors: Brandt Urs Steiner , Svendsen Gert Tinggaard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCan we provide appropriate tools to measure the effectiveness of climate agreements? How effective will, for example, the Paris Agreement be? Global emissions levels can be applied as a sole measure of performance. Current emission trends predict 2.7 degrees of temperature increase in the year 2100. The challenge rests in both the unavailability or difficulty of compiling proper data and information and the dynamic aspect which demands estimates of future developments. Furthermore, we argue that regime performance should be evaluated against a non-regime benchmark and compared to the objectives that the regime is created to achieve. In the case of the Paris Agreement, our measurement tools find that the agreement is likely to make a difference but far from sufficient to reach the 1.5-degree target. Reaching the 1.5-degree target is only possible if new negative emission technologies are developed and implemented unrealistically fast. To make the Paris Agreement successful, swift political action is, therefore, necessary from central institutional actors such as the European Union. In particular, climate diplomacy through the European External Action Service may channel the knowledge about measurement tools to partners worldwide.