bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of contact mechanics and defects investigation in automated fiber placement
Authors: Miao Lei , Zhu Weidong , Guo Yingjie , Zhao Shubin , Ke Yinglin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe layup quality of prepreg fibers onto complex surfaces is the most concerned issue in automated fiber placement (AFP), which is intimately related to the contact stress in tractive rolling contact. An analytical model of tractive rolling contact is proposed in this paper to clarify the defects mechanism during the AFP process, which considers the mold curvatures, mechanical properties of contacted objects, and pose information to make it suitable for irregular surfaces and arbitrary conditions. Classical Hertz theory in this model is expanded to 3D contact area, and multi‐scale deformations are united in the accurate calculation of contact stress under geometric constraints. Based on the model, the phenomena of adhesion, microslip, and the transition between them in AFP are systematically analyzed. For engineering applications, a discrete processing strategy is proposed to quickly obtain the local curvatures of the mold. Additionally, an algorithm is designed to calculate the contact stress of any path. Experimental results on an aircraft component demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model in restoring the contact stress distribution during AFP. In conjunction with specific layup information, this model exhibits utility in forecasting laying defects and parameter optimization.Highlights
An analytical modeling approach based on Hertz theory is proposed to calculate the contact stress in automated fiber placement.
A model‐based algorithm is designed and combined with the proposed discrete scheme to quickly restore the contact stress distribution.
Contact states related to stress are systematically investigated and defects analysis based on computational mechanics results is illustrated.
Integrating response surface methodology and machine learning for analyzing the unconventional machining properties of hybrid fiber‐reinforced composites
Authors: Vinoth V. , Sathiyamurthy S. , Saravanakumar S. , Senthilkumar R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this investigation was to delve into the impact of abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) process variables on the surface roughness (Ra) and kerf angle (Ka) of hybrid fiber‐reinforced polyester composites. Utilizing both response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) prediction models, the study sought to optimize the input parameters for abrasive water jet machining, specifically in the context of paddy straw and PALF‐reinforced polyester hybrid composites. The process parameters targeted for optimization included the abrasive flow rate, traverse rate, and standoff distance during AWJM. The investigation identified an optimal combination of AWJM parameters that effectively meets the practical requirements for machining hybrid fiber‐reinforced polyester composites. According to the RSM, the suggested optimal values for the process parameters are an abrasive flow rate set at 300 g/min, traverse speed at 110 mm/min, and standoff distance at 1 mm. The ANN exhibited robust predictive capabilities, achieving high R2 scores of 0.932 and 0.962 for surface roughness and kerf angle, respectively. To enhance the performance of abrasive water jet machining and minimize surface roughness and kerf angle, the researchers conducted an optimization of the process parameters. Subsequently, confirmation experiments were executed to validate the predictive model and fine‐tune the set of process parameters for practical application.Highlights
Investigated AWJM impact on Ra value and kerf angle of hybrid composites.
Used RSM and ANN models for parameter optimization in biocomposite.
Optimal AWJM parameters: AFR (300 g/min), TS (110 mm/min), and SOD (1 mm).
ANN showed strong predictions: R2 scores 0.932 (Ra) and 0.962 (Ka).
Confirmation experiments validated the predictive model for applications.
Another way to measure balanced time perspective: Development and validation of the Time Perspective Inventory
Authors: Li Xiaobao , Lyu Houchao , Mello Zena R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe existing scales for measuring balanced time perspective (BTP) have limitations, such as poor‐fitting structures or a complex calculation method. Based on previous studies, we conceptualize BTP as an individual's overall positive outlook on the past and future and mindfully living in the present. The present study aimed to develop the Time Perspective Inventory (TPI) for Chinese adults, determine its psychometric properties, and examine a simple calculation method for generating a score to represent BTP. In study 1, a 7‐factor structure of TPI – Past Positive, Past Negative, Mindful Present, Present Hedonistic, Present Excessively Task‐oriented, Future Positive, and Future Negative – was established through exploratory (sample 1, N = 529) and confirmatory (sample 2, N = 577) factor analyses. Findings supported the internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and criterion‐related validity of the TPI. We proposed using the score difference between positive time perspectives and negative time perspectives to calculate the BTP. Findings showed that the correlations between BTP and subjective well‐being indicators and anxiety were higher than among individual dimensions of TPI. Study 2 (sample 3, N = 713) compared the effects of the TPI and the Chinese version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI‐C) on well‐being indicators and anxiety. Results indicated that the variance of life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, and anxiety explained by BTP measured with TPI was higher than deviation from BTP (DBTP) measured with ZTPI‐C. Together, the TPI yields reliable and valid BTP scores among Chinese adults.
The effect of working memory load on selective attention to emotional faces for social anxiety individuals
Authors: Liu Mingfan , Cheng Chen , Xu Yating , Zeng Lirong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResearch has confirmed that individuals with social anxiety (SA) show an attentional bias towards threat‐related stimuli. However, the extent to which this attentional bias depends on top‐down cognitive control processes remains controversial. The present study investigated the effect of working memory (WM) load on selective attention to emotional faces in both high social anxiety (HSA) and low social anxiety (LSA) groups by manipulating WM load through the inclusion of forward counting in multiples of two (low load) or backward counting in multiples of seven (high load) within a modified flanker task. In the flanker task, emotional faces (angry, happy, or neutral faces) were used as targets and distractors. A total of 70 participants (34 HSA participants; 36 LSA participants) completed the flanker task in the laboratory. The results showed that the HSA individuals performed worse when responding to angry targets. Relative to LSA individuals, HSA individuals showed interference from angry distractors in the flanker task, resulting in significantly lower accuracy in identifying angry targets compared to happy targets. These results were unaffected by the manipulation of WM load. The findings imply HSA individuals have impaired attentional control, and that their threat‐related attentional bias relies more on the bottom‐up automatic attentional process.
Oral delivery of the amylin receptor agonist pramlintide
Authors: Sinézia Celimar , Sisnande Tháyna , Icart Luis Peña , Lima Luís Maurício T. R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAmylin receptor agonism safely benefit diabetic patients, reducing the insulin requirements and glycemic excursions. Pramlintide is the triple proline human amylin analogue first used as injectable drug, but lacking physico‐chemical compatibility when co‐formulated with insulin. Here, we report the design and characterization of polymeric microparticles for oral delivery of pramlintide. Eudragit S100, a gastric‐resistant polymer, was used in preparation of pramlintide‐loaded spherical microcapsules by double emulsion and solvent evaporation technique, with approximately 66 μm ± 11 particle size, with 83.2% ± 2.7 efficiency for pramlintide entrapment and 67.6% ± 2.1 yield. Intra‐venous pramlintide free in solution showed a plasmatic half‐life of 6.8 min in mice. In contrast, oral delivery of acid‐resistant pramlintide‐loaded microparticles in mice showed a protracted release for 120 min compared to 30 min obtained for pramlintide in solution. Our data provide evidences for the potential use of the oral route in the therapeutic development of pramlintide formulations.
When we go to ask for help, they don't understand how to help us: Understanding how youth with childhood histories of conduct problems link sexuality and gender to school‐based service use
Authors: Chilliak Shayla , Martin‐Storey Alexa , Déry Michèle , Temcheff Caroline Elizabeth , Lapalme Mélanie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGender and, to a lesser extent, sexual identity, are relevant factors in understanding variance in the prevalence, consequences, and treatment of conduct problems. The current study uses thematic analysis to explore how youth with early‐onset conduct problems and extensive histories of school‐based service use perceive gender and sexuality as impacting their service use experiences. Qualitative analysis of interviews with 41 youth (17–21 years old; 53.7% women) yielded themes pertaining to gender, sexual identity, and discrimination in service use contexts. Identified themes included homophobia in service use and adjacent school contexts, stereotypes around masculinity and femininity as conditioning peer and school staff's behavior, and salience of sexuality across developmental stages and historical timeframes. Results suggest that increased school staff training and school‐based interventions be implemented to support gender and sexual diversity, both within services for conduct problems and more broadly in school contexts. In particular, the current findings highlight homophobia as a factor limiting boys' access to mental health services.
Vulcanization of polypropylene
Authors: Houghton‐Flory Callum , Saed Mohand O. , Terentjev Eugene M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDynamic covalent crosslinking of commodity thermoplastics is a desirable target in material development, as it promises to combine the enhanced mechanical properties and thermal/solvent stability of thermosets with reprocessability and plastic flow under certain conditions activating the bond exchange. Many attempts of this development suffer from the same two problems: enhanced cost due to complex and often toxic chemicals, and the effective melt‐flow index being too low for practical use. Here we return to the origins of polymer networks, and mimic the vulcanization of natural rubber in the commodity polypropylene using elemental sulfur initiated by peroxide. Forming sulfur bridges allows easy catalyst‐free reprocessability based on the disulfide bond exchange. We study a broad range of compositions and reaction conditions, finding optimal balance between the crosslinking and chain scission in the melt compounder, and demonstrating much enhanced characteristics of the resulting materials. We specifically discuss and evaluate the balance between the rubber‐elastic network response at high temperatures and the plastic flow enabled by disulfide exchange, responsible for the reprocessing of our vitrimers.
Polymer donors based on alkyloxime‐substituted thiophene and 6‐undecylthiopheno[3,2‐b]thiophene for efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Hu Li , Wang Lei , Ye Linglong , Zhao Bin , Tan Songting 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTwo new copolymers (named PTO‐BO and PTO‐HD) with alkyloxime‐substituted thiophene (TO) as acceptor unit and 6‐undecylthiopheno[3,2‐b]thiophene spacer as π‐bridge were synthesized and applied in organic solar cells (OSCs) as electron donors. PTO‐HD with 2‐hexyldecyl side chains on TO moiety possesses more suitable phase separation, more efficient exciton dissociation and charge transportation, and less charge recombination than PTO‐BO with 2‐butyloctyloxime‐substituted thiophene in OSCs with Y6 as the acceptor. As a result, the OSCs based on PTO‐HD:Y6 achieved an optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.89% with a Voc of 0.799 V, a Jsc of 22.74 mA cm−2, and a FF of 67.67% without additives, which is higher than that (12.29%) of PTO‐BO:Y6 OSCs.
Effect of sublethal concentrations of the bioinsecticide spinosyn treatment of Trichoplusia ni eggs on the caterpillar and its parasitoid, Trichogramma brassicae
Authors: Smith Ryan J , Chen Yinting , Lafleur Christine Isabelle , Kaur Diljot , Bede Jacqueline C 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDIntegrated Pest Management (IPM) seeks to combine multiple management strategies for optimal pest control. One method that is successfully employed in IPM is the use of beneficial organisms. However, in severe circumstances when pest insects exceed threshold limits, insecticides may still need to be implemented. Thus, understanding the effects of insecticides on biocontrol agents, such as parasitoid wasps, is paramount to ensure sustainable agroecosystems. Sublethal effects of the bioinsecticide spinosyn, a mixture of the bacterial Saccharopolyspora spinosa (Mertz and Yao) fermentation products spinosyn A and D, on eggs of Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), a cruciferous crop pest, and its egg parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae (Bezdenko) was investigated.RESULTSThe LC50 for spinosyn A and D (dissolved in ethanol) on T. ni eggs is 54 ng mL−1. Transcriptomics on caterpillars (1st and 3rd instars) that hatched from eggs treated with sublethal concentrations of spinosyn identified the upregulation of several genes encoding proteins that may be involved in insecticide resistance including detoxification enzymes, such as cytochrome P450s, glutathione S‐transferases and esterases. Sublethal T. ni egg treatments did not affect parasitoid emergence, however, there was a marked increase in the size of T. brassicae hind tibia and wings that emerged from spinosyn‐treated eggs.CONCLUSIONSFor the caterpillar, treatment of eggs with sublethal concentrations of spinosyn may induce insecticide resistance mechanisms. For the parasitoids, their increased size when reared in spinosyn‐treated eggs suggests that the emerged wasps may have higher performance. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Impact of delivery instruments on the environment: A life cycle assessment
Authors: van Zanten Femke , Tensen Sacha , Snijder Lynn , Broeren Martijn , Kwee Anneke 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine a break‐even point in the carbon footprint of disposable and reusable instrument sets used in the delivery room. This can aid hospitals in making sustainable choices.MethodsObservational study conducted in a university hospital with an obstetric care centre. The study used life cycle assessment (LCA) to compare a reusable (minimal 500 times use) with a disposable instrumental set (single use). LCA quantifies the environmental impact of products over their entire life cycle. The contribution to climate change (i.e., carbon footprint) was used as the environmental indicator [in kg CO2 equivalent (eq.)]. Primary outcome was to determine a ‘break‐even point’: the number of uses at which the carbon footprint of the two sets was similar. Secondary outcomes: (1) ‘worst case scenario’, in which both sets are only used once; (2) ‘scenario of 500 deliveries’ and (3) annual carbon footprint reduction when switching to the set with the lowest environmental impact.ResultsAfter ≥3 times use, the carbon footprint of the reusable set becomes lower than the disposable set. When both sets are used only once, the reusable set had a higher impact on the environment (1.2 kg CO2 eq. difference). In case of using both sets during 500 deliveries, the difference in kg CO2 eq. was 400 kg CO2 eq., corresponding with a 2.3 times lower environmental impact in favour of the reusable set and a reduction of about 1800 kg CO2 eq. per year.ConclusionsDisposable instrumental sets used in the delivery room have a higher impact on the environment compared to reusable sets.
Respectful maternity care at caesarean delivery: Experiences of mothers in a primary referral hospital in Ghana
Authors: Tettey‐Mensah Samuel , Ameme Donne K. , Asamoah Yaw K. , Asah‐Opoku Kwaku 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundRespectful, dignified care is a human right for all women that impacts skilled birth attendance and outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of respectful maternity care (RMC) provided at caesarean deliveries in a Ghanaian referral hospital and determine associated factors influencing care provision. We sought to elucidate RMC prevalence and drivers specific to the caesarean experience, to promote rights‐based, patient‐centred caesarean delivery care.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted from June to November 2022, among women who delivered via caesarean section at the hospital. Interviews of participants were conducted using structured questionnaires, capturing respondents' sociodemographic and obstetric features and perceptions of RMC. Quantitative data were summarised using means, medians, frequencies and proportions. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were employed to determine factors associated with RMC at 95% confidence interval (CI) and a p < 0.05.ResultsA total of 308 women were included in the study. The mean age of mothers was 29.9 (±6.8) years. Of the mothers, 67.9% (95% CI: 62.3, 73.0) received RMC and 32.1% reported disrespectful and abusive care. Several factors were associated with higher likelihood of receiving RMC at caesarean delivery, including being married, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.45 (95% CI: 1.17, 5.12), having average monthly income between Ghana cedis 501 and 1500, aOR = 1.94 (95% CI: 1.07, 3.50), having a previous delivery history of spontaneous vaginal delivery only, aOR 2.04 (95% CI: 1.02, 4.08) and receiving anaesthesia from a male anaesthetist, aOR 2.04 (95% CI: 1.22, 3.42).ConclusionThough the majority of women at caesarean delivery received RMC, close to one‐third may attribute a negative caesarean birth experience to disrespectful care. Respectful and abusive‐free care at service delivery should thus be emphasised for healthcare givers and form part of antenatal education.
Conductive Robust Interfaces with Fluoro‐Borate Based Electrolyte Additive for 4.6 V Well‐Cycled LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2||Li Batteries
Authors: Wu Min , Zhao Hongshun , Zhou Bo , Ding Zhengping , Liang Kang , Wei Peng , Qin Shaopan , Li Jianbin , Huang Xiaobing , Zhang Zhi , Ma Jianmin , Ren Yurong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOwing to the outstanding comprehensive properties of high energy density, excellent cycling ability, and reasonable cost, Ni‐rich layered oxides (NCM) are the most promising cathode for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). To further enhance the specific capacity of Ni‐rich layered oxides, it is necessary to increase the cut‐off voltage to a higher level. However, a higher cut‐off voltage can lead to substantial structural changes and trigger interface side reactions, presenting significant challenges for practical applications (cycle life and safety). Herein, to solve above issues, tris(hexafluoroisopropyl)borate (TFPB) is introduced as a high voltage electrolyte additive for LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2 cathode. Based on detail in situ/ex situ characterization, this study proves that TFPB forms a protective solid‐state interphase (SEI) layer on the Li‐anode. Additionally, derivatives of TFPB are easily oxidatively decomposed to create a dense cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) film on the cathode. This CEI film effectively prevents the continuous oxidation of the electrolyte and mitigates the adverse effects of HF on the battery. Benefit from the protective SEI and CEI layer, the LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2||Li battery with a TFPB‐containing electrolyte maintains an unprecedented level of performance, with a capacity retention of 89.1% after 100 cycles under the ultrahigh cut‐off voltage of 4.6 V (vs Li/Li+).
Electrolytic Hydrogen Release from Hydrogen Boride Sheets
Authors: Kawamura Satoshi , Yamaguchi Akira , Miyazaki Keisuke , Ito Shin‐ichi , Watanabe Norinobu , Hamada Ikutaro , Kondo Takahiro , Miyauchi Masahiro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSolid‐state hydrogen storage materials are safe and lightweight hydrogen carriers. Among the various solid‐state hydrogen carriers, hydrogen boride (HB) sheets possess a high gravimetric hydrogen capacity (8.5 wt%). However, heating at high temperatures and/or strong ultraviolet illumination is required to release hydrogen (H2) from HB sheets. In this study, the electrochemical H2 release from HB sheets using a dispersion system in an organic solvent without other proton sources is investigated. H2 molecules are released from the HB sheets under the application of a cathodic potential. The Faradaic efficiency for H2 release from HB sheets reached >90%, and the onset potential for H2 release is −0.445 V versus Ag/Ag+, which is more positive than those from other proton sources, such as water or formic acid, under the same electrochemical conditions. The total electrochemically released H2 in a long‐time experiment reached ≈100% of the hydrogen capacity of HB sheets. The H2 release from HB sheets is driven by a small bias; thus, they can be applied as safe and lightweight hydrogen carriers with economical hydrogen release properties.
Smart Stimuli‐Responsive Spherical Nucleic Acids: Cutting‐Edge Platforms for Biosensing, Bioimaging, and Therapeutics
Authors: Tang Xiaoqi , Zhao Shuang , Luo Jie , Wang Binpan , Wu Xianlan , Deng Ruijia , Chang Kai , Chen Ming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpherical nucleic acids (SNAs) with exceptional colloidal stability, multiple modularity, and programmability are excellent candidates to address common molecular delivery‐related issues. Based on this, the higher targeting accuracy and enhanced controllability of stimuli‐responsive SNAs render them precise nanoplatforms with inestimable prospects for diverse biomedical applications. Therefore, tailored diagnosis and treatment with stimuli‐responsive SNAs may be a robust strategy to break through the bottlenecks associated with traditional nanocarriers. Various stimuli‐responsive SNAs are engineered through the incorporation of multifunctional modifications to meet biomedical demands with the development of nucleic acid functionalization. This review provides a comprehensive overview of prominent research in this area and recent advancements in the utilization of stimuli‐responsive SNAs in biosensing, bioimaging, and therapeutics. For each aspect, SNA nanoplatforms that exhibit responsive behavior to both internal stimuli (including sequence, enzyme, redox reactions, and pH) and external stimuli (such as light and temperature) are highlighted. This review is expected to offer inspiration and guidance strategies for the rational design and development of stimuli‐responsive SNAs in the field of biomedicine.