bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined influence of eggshell powder and nylon fiber on self-compacting concrete production: experimental assessment and machine learning quantifications
Authors: Safayet Md Abu , Abdullah Abu Abrar , Islam Md Faseehul , Alahmari Turki S , Sobuz Md Habibur Rahman , Khan Md Munir Hayet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The focus of this paper is on the study of the impact of nylon fibers (NF) as a reinforcing agent and eggshell powder (ESP) as an SCM in the production of self-compacting concrete (SCC) for sustainable buildings design. For this reason, the experiment involves finding the optimum amounts of ESP replacement for cement, which ranges between 5% to 15%, and the quantity of nylon fibers added in percent, which is between 0.05% and 0.10%. This study dealt with using ESP and nylon fibers for fresh, mechanical, durability, and microstructure of concrete. Additionally, random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) based machine learning methods were planned in order to examine the fresh and mechanical response of concrete. The study discovered that concrete containing 0.1 percent nylon fibers and 5 percent ESP performed relatively better compared to the control sample, especially in hardened characteristics. After 28 days, the compressive and splitting tensile strengths increased by 6% and 4%, respectively, compared to the control mixture. Although the UPV test revealed excellent quality in all mixtures, increased ESP levels decreased concrete strength. The maximum R2 value (0.989) and the minimum RMSE value (1.393) for the RF model indicate a strong overall estimation. The study emphasizes the potential of enhancing the overall performance of SCC by utilizing eggshell powder and nylon fibers. These results present a more sustainable approach to concrete production and contribute to a reduced environmental footprint.
Universal behavior of tunneling time and barrier time-delay decoupling in attoclock measurements
Authors: Kullie Ossama 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The measurement of the tunneling time-delay is hotly debated and remains controversial. In previous works, we showed that a model that accurately describes the time-delay measured by the attoclock experiment in adiabatic and nonadiabatic field calibrations. In the present work, we show that the tunneling time reveals a universal behavior with disentangled contributions. Even more remarkable is that the barrier tunneling time-delay can be convincingly defined and determined from the difference between the time-delay of adiabatic and nonadiabatic tunnel-ionization, which also show good agreement with experimental results. Furthermore, we illustrate that in the weak measurement limit, the barrier time-delay corresponds to the Larmor-clock time and the interaction time within the barrier.
A bidirectional prediction framework for melt pool size and process parameters in LPBF
Authors: Yang Ao , Zhao Zhibin , Zhang Xingwu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), the melt pool geometry is closely related to the final quality of the formed part. Establishing the relationship between the molten pool morphology and process parameters is of great significance for monitoring and controlling the LPBF process. However, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods, such as Machine Learning (ML), to establish the correlation between the process parameters and melt pool size remains challenging due to issues such as data acquisition, algorithm suitability and feature correlation analysis. Therefore, a framework for bidirectional prediction of process parameters and melt pool size is proposed in this study. Firstly, for LPBF experimental data with complex data components, low feature dimensions and a large number of features, ten ML regression algorithms suitable for bidirectional fitting of such data are selected and integrated into the framework. Secondly, a comprehensive feature analysis was conducted around the baseline features that are closely related to the melt pool size was performed, focusing on how various combinations of baseline features with other weakly correlated features affect the model performance. Finally, the dataset used was extensively collected from published works. The dataset, after integration and supplementation, is more than five times the size of a typical LPBF single-track experiment. The final results demonstrate that the prediction accuracy of this framework on this dataset exceeds 96%.
Efficient fabric defect detection based on lightweight model
Authors: Zou Juncheng , Yang Fuli 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the field of textile inspection, the detection of small-sized targets poses a challenge due to its high sensitivity to size variations. Currently, the commonly used methods in this field often rely on a large number of parameters and computing resources. Based on YOLOv8m, this study integrates the Coordinated Attention (CA) mechanism and the Mixed Local Channel Attention (MLCA) strategy and proposes a lightweight textile defect detection model - YOLOv8-mini. The CA mechanism enhances the discriminative ability of features by explicitly modeling the interdependencies between spatial and channel coordinates, enabling more effective feature representation for varying defect sizes. The MLCA strategy captures both global contextual information and local detailed features through a multi-scale approach, which is crucial for accurate defect localization and classification. On the dataset of the Xuelang Manufacturing AI Challenge, compared with the current state-of-the-art methods, the model proposed in this study has achieved a significant reduction in the number of parameters, decreasing to 18.8M (a reduction of 27.4%), while the mean Average Precision at 50% recall (mAP50) has reached 93.3% (an increase of 4%). The improvement in the efficiency of this model is expected to boost productivity and reduce production costs in the textile manufacturing process.
ReSpike: residual frames-based hybrid spiking neural networks for efficient action recognition
Authors: Xiao Shiting , Li Yuhang , Kim Youngeun , Lee Donghyun , Panda Priyadarshini 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a compelling, energy-efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for static image tasks such as image classification and segmentation. However, in the more complex video classification domain, SNN-based methods fall considerably short of ANN-based benchmarks due to the challenges in processing dense frame sequences. To bridge this gap, we propose ReSpike, a hybrid framework that synergizes the strengths of ANNs and SNNs to tackle action recognition tasks with high accuracy and low energy cost. By partitioning film clips into RGB image Key Frames, which primarily capture spatial information, and event-like Residual Frames, which emphasize temporal dynamics cues, ReSpike leverages ANN for processing spatial features and SNN for modeling temporal features. In addition, we propose a multi-scale cross-attention mechanism for effective feature fusion. Compared to state-of-the-art SNN baselines, our ReSpike hybrid architecture demonstrates significant performance improvements (e.g.

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30% absolute accuracy improvement on HMDB-51, UCF-101, and Kinetics-400). Furthermore, ReSpike achieves comparable performance with prior ANN approaches while bringing better accuracy-energy tradeoff. Code is shared at https://github.com/Intelligent-Computing-Lab-Yale/ReSpike.
Historical and future trends
Authors: Leachman Jacob W , Wilhelmsen Øivind , Matveev Konstantin I 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hydrogen was the first element created after the Big Bang and remains the most abundant element in the universe. This chapter reviews many important developments in the history of humanity enabled by hydrogen. The question of why liquid hydrogen at cryogenic (or extremely cold) temperatures is used relative to other hydrogen forms is presented and answered. This leads to modern technology developments in liquid hydrogen to form a context for the current status of the field. The potential for catastrophic climate change is driving a global push toward clean hydrogen fuel and energy systems. Current technology trends and future needs for widespread adoption of cryogenic hydrogen are reviewed.
Safety
Authors: Leachman Jacob W , Wilhelmsen Øivind , Matveev Konstantin I 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter is focused on the development of safety plans for early-stage cryogenic hydrogen research and development. The safety planning process is essentially linked with the design process for testing a new concept. This chapter describes the “Cool Fuel School,” a series of 10 hands-on liquid hydrogen training workshops created by the authors to provide the essential experiences for developing cryogenic hydrogen systems. A five-phase process is followed that begins with design specifications and associated safety planning. Processes for conceptual design reviews and the associated conceptual design hazard and operability studies (HAZOPs) are presented next. The preliminary design review phase follows with failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA). Practical aspects of cryogenic hydrogen system manufacture and testing are presented concurrently with operational HAZOP analysis. Best practices for training and maintenance are reviewed. The book concludes with a retrospective of the Cool Fuel School and opportunities for future adaptation.
2837 Learning from deaths; embedding education in the process of certification of death during rollout of the medical examiner service
Authors: Nelmes A , Goodison S , Monteith R , Morse R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The recent introduction of the Medical Examiner (ME) service changed the process for Medical Certificate of Cause of Death (MCCD) completion across Wales. This offered opportunity for local process redesign and embedding of team-based education and reflective practice, whilst reducing delays in MCCD completion for bereaved families.

Methods
We produced a process map and discussed with key stakeholders—ward teams, bereavement staff and the ME Office. We developed a team–based Proposed Cause of Death form (several PDSA Cycles) to prompt and stimulate early medical team discussion/reflection and to aid a clear formation of a proposed cause of death, in advance of ME review. This was piloted (paper form) on 2 wards (A&B) in 2022, followed by a further 3 wards (C,D&E) in electronic form in 2023. We collected data on numbers of deaths, forms completed and time between death and MCCD completion. Feedback sought from teams, bereavement, and the ME service re usefulness of the intervention.

Results
The process was successfully adopted on 2 of the 5 pilot wards. For the 2 wards adopting the process, the educational discussion and form were completed in 71% (27/38) of deaths on ward B, and 60.9% (14/23) on ward C. Time from death to MCCD completion was not significantly increased by this additional step. Feedback from adopting teams was positive, commenting on educational opportunities and improved communication between the ward and bereavement teams.

Conclusions
Facilitators of adoption were ward level consultant engagement, availability of notes and prompting of the medical team by the bereavement team. Barriers to adoption were a perception of extra work and being unable to perceive usefulness of the process. Adoption of the process led to improved team ownership of cause of death decisions, educational opportunities and better communication with the ME and bereavement teams.
2878 The adoption of a frailty early discharge scheme is beneficial in reducing length of stay
Authors: Nahhas A , Andrews S , Alexander H , Settle S , Bilal A , Ransom L , Peasgood H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Hospital-Associated Deconditioning Syndrome (HADS) can lead to prolonged length of stay (LOS). Evidence indicates that early intervention may reduce HADS and LOS. (British Geriatrics Society, Deconditioning, Healthy Ageing, 11 May 2017, DrAmit Arora, NHS England, 24 January 2017, Time to Move). The Acute Frailty Team (AFT) at Eastbourne District General Hospital piloted a Frailty Early Discharge Scheme (FEDS) in the Frailty Unit for 8 weeks between May–June 2023 with the aim of providing early mobilisation and discharge planning to reduce LOS.

Methods
Patients were admitted to either FEDS or Non-FEDS (NFEDS) beds depending on the bed availability. FEDS patients were provided with additional early assessments and interventions including discharge plans from day 1 after admission, offering early, continuous and active mobilisation by a trained FEDS team of a registered Nurse and Health Care Assistant. The FEDS team worked in conjunction with the medical team to actively promote discharge planning while patients were still receiving acute medical treatment, before patients becoming medically fit for discharge (MFFD). NFEDS followed the standard care plan, usually initiated after patients were declared MFFD. Data was collected for all patients, comparing FEDS 12 beds with NFEDS 12 beds.

Results
83 patients were enrolled 45 FEDS, 38 NFEDS. Discharged within 48 hrs FEDS 11.11%, NFEDS 2.63%. Discharged within 7 days FEDS 44.44%, NFEDS 28.94%. LOS 8.07 days FEDS, 11.36 days NFEDS (30 day trim point).

Conclusions
2847 Frailty Hospital at Home (H@H): numbers needed to treat to avoid an unplanned admission to an acute hospital
Authors: Sage S , O'Riordan S , Baxter A , Seeley J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
East Kent Frailty H@H provides an alternative to admission to an acute hospital for frail people who are acutely unwell. Treatment at home is often the preferred option for People living with frailty and prevents some of the complications associated with hospitalisation such as environmental delirium, loss of function, isolation from usual contacts and infection. However, it was not known whether H@H also reduced the workload of the acute hospital.

Method
Frail people who are acutely unwell are offered treatment in H@H instead of admission to an acute hospital. Referrals were made by community clinician e.g. Primary care, community nurse, Single point of access, paramedics etc. Interventions include CGA based assessment, point-of-care blood tests, ultrasound, urgent outpatient x-ray, CT and MRI scans, Intravenous therapies etc. Data were collected using electronic patient records for the community and hospital services. The data collection period was April 22-Dec 23 Patients of 69 and over were included. SPA charts were generated for results.

Results
Before the introduction of H@H the number of non-elective admissions plus the corridor activity closely matched the predicted number of admissions. Since the introduction of the H@H there is a significant drop in the number of non-elective admissions plus the corridor activity compared to predicted admissions. This number (~400 per month) is similar to the number admitted to H@H.

Conclusion(s)
H@H Data validated by NHS England has demonstrated that for every 1.03 patients treated 1 non-elective admission to the acute hospital was avoided.
2752 Reducing the wait for dementia diagnosis: another use for day hospitals
Authors: Keir S , McClung I , Smith L , Cowell J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The Assessment and Rehabilitation Centre (ARC) in Edinburgh sees around 600 new patients a year who are beginning to demonstrate signs of frailty, principally around mobility and balance. When taking a comprehensive geriatric assessment, we commonly identify concerns around cognition. We noted in some cases people were already waiting to be seen by the Memory Clinic Services, the current wait for which is approximately 10 months. We decided to see what ARC could do to help.

Method
From within existing resources, alongside the Psychiatry of Older Age (POA) Team, the ARC multi-disciplinary team coproduced a pathway that involved an initial assessment comprising identification of potentially cognitively frail patients, taking a corroborative history, performing cognitive and imaging investigations. Each step was added to a shared spreadsheet enabling us to chart progress of diagnostic information steps.
Then once assessment complete, a POA colleague reviewed the evidence and made a diagnosis with treatment recommendations. The ARC team then discusses the outcome with the patient and their family, arranges a medication tolerance follow-up in ARC, then refers onward for ongoing community support.

Results
Between March 2023 and 2024, 52 patients completed the Memory MDT process, 34 (65%) of which were diagnosed with a dementia, 20 (33%) of which were started on dementia medication. 16 were removed from the Memory service waiting list (2.5%) and a further 18 avoided the need to be referred.

Conclusion
We identified a group of patients with a common underlying pathology that had resulted in them being referred to multiple specialities. By arranging our services around this vulnerable patient group rather than the other way around, we reduced their need for multiple hospital attendances and freed up resource in the memory service. Work is underway to spread and scale up.
2753 Prioritising patient experience: a multidisciplinary, quality improvement project using patient feedback and Co-design
Authors: Capek E , Mason Z , Latif A , Minematsu A , Rough C , Francis S , Burns E , Cameron L , Trafford H , Donnelly T , Hettle R , Wright E , Oommen E , Weir G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
There are multiple national drivers promoting person-centred healthcare. In the face of competing pressures, patient experience is often compromised.

Aim
To increase the percentage of service users in our orthogeriatric rehabilitation ward rating experience as more than 6/10 to 90% by June 2024.

Methods
A multidisciplinary project using quality improvement methodology. Patients and carers were involved throughout. Patient, staff and carer interviews shaped improvement themes and change ideas. Broad themes identified:
Several, cost neutral, tests of change were studied: weekly exercise class, mobile library, ‘activities trolley’, music concerts, volunteer recruitment, improved signposting and coordinating weekly relative update.
Run and SPC charts were used to study impact. Measures used:

Results
The % of patients scoring experience &gt;6/10 increased over the project but did not meet ‘special cause’ criteria. Feedback themes shifted positively.

Conclusions
2877 Can we make comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) person-centred? A quality improvement project using the CGA-questionnaire
Authors: Chin K , Watson G , Paveley A , Dulson H , Thompson L , Schiff R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
CGA is the gold-standard intervention for older adults living with frailty. A challenge is providing person-centred, time-efficient CGA. The CGA-questionnaire (CGA-Q) aims to facilitate person-centred CGA, allowing patients/carers to highlight concerns. We describe a two-site multi-cycle QIP implementing the CGA-Q.

Methods
CGA-Q is a 19-item questionnaire covering seven CGA domains. It was adapted from the validated CGA-GOLD questionnaire. Between March 2023–June 2024, CGA-Q was established in a London and Scottish NHS Trust using ‘Plan-Do-Study-Act’ methodology. Cycle 1–3 involved designing and establishing CGA-Q at one London geriatric clinic. Cycle 4 assessed feasibility in multiple London geriatric clinics. Cycle 5 examined implementation of CGA-Q in a Scottish day-hospital. Person-centredness refers to inclusion of person-selected concerns in clinic letters, and not including person-excluded concerns.

Results
Across cycles, cohorts were comparable in age, sex, frailty and cognitive status. In cycles 1–3 (n = 174), CGA-Q completion rates improved from 39% to 83%. More CGA-Q questions were addressed especially cognition, mood, continence and falls. Inclusion of person-selected concerns increased from 60% to 70%; exclusion of person-excluded concerns remained ~70%. In cycle 4, completion rates varied by clinic: renal-CGA 100% (12/12); CGA 42% (13/31); bone-health 14% (10/60). &gt;50% of questionnaires were completed by patients, except in bone-health where two-thirds were completed by staff. Staff feedback highlights CGA-Q is a useful discussion prompt. In cycle 5 (n = 41), a similar breadth of CGA-Q questions was addressed among respondents compared to baseline. With CGA-Q, continence and pain were addressed more frequently. Inclusion of person-selected concerns was 62%; exclusion of person-excluded concerns was 71%.

Conclusion
CGA-Q has been successfully implemented across multiple sites and clinics. It can improve person-centeredness and breadth of CGA, but early results vary across subspecialty geriatric medicine clinics with their unique processes. Ongoing work will determine the experience of patients and carers of this approach.
2791 Sharing learning from incidents and complaints through whole team In-situ simulation training in older person medicine
Authors: Murdoch R , Russell K 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Incidents and complains are an important form of learning for healthcare institutions. The learning is often shared via huddles, handovers, emails and learning alert bulletins. In the older persons medicine (OPM) department at James Cook University Hospital, we identified that there may be a role for whole team in-situ sim to not only facilitate learning around important and highly relevant topics but also improve the education provision for nurses and healthcare assistants who have less access to education compared to their doctor colleagues and improve whole team communication.

Methods
Initially a working group including a consultant, advanced clinical practitioner, SIM training facilitator, liaison psychiatry nurse, teaching fellow and ward manager was set up to organise a pilot session. Following the success of this session the training was initially organised to be monthly, arranged by the advanced clinical practitioners, facilitated by the sim technicians. The ward managers fully supported the training and facilitated the attendance of the ward staff. The clinical director identified topics for learning from incidents and complaints and there was support from the OPM registrars and teaching fellow. It quickly became so popular among staff that the session frequency was increased first to fortnightly and is now run weekly.

Results
The feedback was excellent. From the attendees to the sim trainers, it was said that the OPM department had been the most enthusiastic about ward-based training. The anonymised and entirely positive feedback from the sessions was that they were interesting, informative, and relevant to clinical practice.

Conclusion
Using in-situ simulation training on the older persons medicine wards to share learning from incidents and complaints is not only practical, but incredibly well received by staff of all disciplines.