bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anaerobic hydrogen production with an efficient carrier‐induced granular sludge bed bioreactor
Authors: Lee Kuo‐Shing , Wu Ji‐Fang , Lo Yung‐Sheng , Lo Yung‐Chung , Lin Ping‐Jei , Chang Jo‐Shu 
Published: August 2004

AbstractA novel bioreactor containing self‐flocculated anaerobic granular sludge was developed for high‐performance hydrogen production from sucrose‐based synthetic wastewater. The reactor achieved an optimal volumetric hydrogen production rate of ∼7.3 L/h/L (7,150 mmol/d/L) and a maximal hydrogen yield of 3.03 mol H2/mol sucrose when it was operated at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 0.5 h with an influent sucrose concentration of 20 g COD/L. The gas‐phase hydrogen content and substrate conversion also exceeded 40 and 90%, respectively, under optimal conditions. Packing of a small quantity of carrier matrices on the bottom of the upflow reactor significantly stimulated sludge granulation that can be accomplished within 100 h. Among the four carriers examined, spherical activated carbon was the most effective inducer for granular sludge formation. The carrier‐induced granular sludge bed (CIGSB) bioreactor was started up with a low HRT of 4–8 h (corresponding to an organic loading rate of 2.5–5 g COD/h/L) and enabled stable operations at an extremely low HRT (up to 0.5 h) without washout of biomass. The granular sludge was rapidly formed in CIGSB supported with activated carbon and reached a maximal concentration of 26 g/L at HRT = 0.5 h. The ability to maintain high biomass concentration at low HRT (i.e., high organic loading rate) highlights the key factor for the remarkable hydrogen production efficiency of the CIGSB processes. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Precipitation by polycation as capture step in purification of plasmid DNA from a clarified lysate
Authors: Wahlund P.‐O. , Gustavsson P.‐E. , Izumrudov V.A. , Larsson P.‐O. , Galaev I.Yu. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe demand for highly purified plasmids in gene therapy and plasmid‐based vaccines requires large‐scale production of pharmaceutical‐grade plasmid. Large‐scale purification of plasmid DNA from bacterial cell culture normally includes one or several chromatographic steps. Prechromatographic steps include precipitation with solvents, salts, and polymers combined with enzymatic degradation of nucleic acids. No method alone has so far been able to selectively capture plasmid DNA directly from a clarified alkaline lysate. We present a method for selective precipitation of plasmid DNA from a clarified alkaline lysate using polycation poly(N, N′‐dimethyldiallylammonium) chloride (PDMDAAC). The specific interaction between the polycation and the plasmid DNA resulted in the formation of a stoichiometric insoluble complex. Efficient removal of contaminants such as RNA, by far the major contaminant in a clarified lysate, and proteins as well as 20‐fold plasmid concentration has been obtained with about 80% recovery. The method utilizes a inexpensive, commercially available polymer and thus provides a capture step suitable for large‐scale production. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Carbon Dioxide Incorporation Reaction: Nickel‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Carboxylative Cyclization of Bis‐1,3‐dienes.
Authors: Takimoto Masanori , Nakamura Yoichi , Kimura Kaoru , Mori Miwako 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Use of InCl3 as a Cocatalyst and a Cl2Pd(DPEphos)—P(2‐Furyl)3 Catalyst System for One‐Pot Hydrometalation—Cross‐Coupling and Carbometalation—Cross‐Coupling Tandem Processes.
Authors: Qian Mingxing , Huang Zhihong , Negishi Ei‐ichi 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Lewis Acid Mediated Diastereoselective Reduction of N‐Protected β‐Amino Ketones: Influence of the Nature of the Metal Atom and of the Nitrogen Protecting Group.
Authors: Bartoli Giuseppe , Bartolacci Massimo , Cortese Manuela , Marcantoni Enrico , Massaccesi Massimo , Pela Roberto , Sambri Letizia 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Trimethylsilyl β‐(2,2‐Dimethylhydrazino)propionate.
Authors: Rakhlin V. I. , Gostevskii B. A. , Fomina A. N. , Mirskov R. G. , Makarova O. S. , Lopyrev V. A. , Voronkov M. G. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Unusual Reaction of β‐Hydroxy α‐Diazo Carbonyl Compounds with TsNHN=CHCOCl/Et3N.
Authors: Shi Weifeng , Zhang Bo , Liu Binge , Xu Feng , Xiao Fengping , Zhang Jian , Zhang Shiwei , Wang Jianbo 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Sulfoxides by the Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidation of Sulfides Catalyzed by Iron Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin: Scope and Chemoselectivity.
Authors: Baciocchi Enrico , Gerini Maria Francesca , Lapi Andrea 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation of Unsymmetrical Terphenyls via the Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Alkyl Biphenylsulfonates with Aryl Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Cho Chul‐Hee , Kim In‐Sook , Park Kwangyong 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure (R,R)‐ and (S,S)‐1,2‐Bis(pentafluorophenyl)ethane‐1,2‐diamine and Evaluation of the pKa Value by ab initio Calculations.
Authors: Sakai Takashi , Korenaga Toshinobu , Washio Noriyuki , Nishio Yuji , Minami Shinichi , Ema Tadashi 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Direct Introduction of Heterocyclic Units into Porphyrin Derivatives.
Authors: Chupakhin O. N. , Rusinov G. L. , Beresnev D. G. , Bashirov S. Sh. , Neves M. G. P. M. S. , Cavaleiro J. A. S. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Cycloalkanoindoles by an Unusual DAST‐Triggered Rearrangement Reaction.
Authors: Giannini Giuseppe , Marzi Mauro , Moretti Gian Piero , Penco Sergio , Tinti Maria Ornella , Pesci Silvia , Lazzaro Francesco , De Angelis Francesco 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Copper (II)‐Mediated Arylation with Aryl Boronic Acids for the N‐Derivatization of Pyrazole Libraries.
Authors: Rossiter Sharon , Woo Chi Kit , Hartzoulakis Basil , Wishart Grant , Stanyer Lee , Labadie Jeff W. , Selwood David L. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of N‐(5‐Pyrazolyl) Schiff Bases Derived from Aryl Trifluoromethyl Ketones.
Authors: Vovk M. V. , Bol'but A. V. , Volochnyuk D. M. , Pinchuk A. M. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Synthesis of 4,5‐Diaryl‐1,3‐oxathiol‐2‐ones.
Authors: Krayushkin Mikhail M. , Ivanov Sergey N. , Lichitsky Boris V. , Kozhinov Denis V. , Vorontsova Lyudmila G. , Starikova Zoya A. , Dudinov Arkady A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Simple One‐Pot Synthesis of 2,6‐Disubstituted 4‐(Polyfluoroalkyl)pyridines and ‐pyrimidines by Reaction of 2‐Polyfluoroalkylchromones with Aromatic Methyl Ketimines and Amidines.
Authors: Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya. , Usachev Boris I. , Sizov Aleksei Yu. , Barabanov Mikhail A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Identification and Synthesis of [1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4‐a]phthalazine Derivatives as High‐Affinity Ligands to the α2δ‐1 Subunit of Voltage Gated Calcium Channel.
Authors: Lebsack Alec D. , et al. et al. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preliminary in vitro Studies on Two Potent, Water‐Soluble Trimethoprim Analogues with Exceptional Species Selectivity Against Dihydrofolate Reductase from Pneumocystis carinii and Mycobacterium avium.
Authors: Forsch Ronald A. , Queener Sherry F. , Rosowsky Andre 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Fused Polycyclic Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 6. Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxalines.
Authors: Mamedov V. A. , Kalinin A. A. , Gubaidullin A. T. , Litvinov I. A. , Azancheev N. M. , Levin Ya. A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Triphenylphosphine—Iodine: An Efficient Reagent for the Regioselective Dehydration of Tertiary Alcohols.
Authors: Alvarez‐Manzaneda E. J. , Chahboun R. , Torres E. Cabrera , Alvarez E. , Alvarez‐Manzaneda R. , Haidour A. , Ramos J. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Thiadiazolo Terpenoids on the Basis of Cyclopentanonopimaric and Betulonic Acids.
Authors: Flekhter O. B. , Tret'yakova E. V. , Medvedeva N. I. , Baltinax L. A. , Galin F. Z. , Tolstikov G. A. , Bakulev V. A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Analogue (Ib) of Arenastatin A, a Potent Cytotoxic Spongean Depsipeptide with Antitumor Activity
Authors: Murakami Nobutoshi , Tamura Satoru , Koyama Kouhei , Sugimoto Masanori , Maekawa Ryuji , Kobayashi Motomasa 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Nucleophilic Addition with a New Chiral Template and Its Application to the Synthesis of Optically Active α‐Arylglycine Derivatives.
Authors: Tohma Shigemitsu , Rikimaru Kentaro , Endo Atsushi , Shimamoto Keiko , Kan Toshiyuki , Fukuyama Tohru 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Diketopiperazines Containing Prolinyl Unit — Cyclo(L‐prolinyl‐L‐leucine), Cyclo(L‐prolinyl‐L‐isoleucine) and Cyclo(L‐tryptophyl‐L‐proline).
Authors: Jhaumeer‐Laulloo S. , Khodabocus A. , Jugoo A. , Jheengut D. , Sobha S. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Glycosylation of Cyclitols: Synthesis of Neamine‐Type Aminoglycosides.
Authors: Verhelst Steven H. L. , Magnee Lisette , Wennekes Tom , Wiedenhof Wouter , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Overkleeft Herman S. , van Boeckel Constant A. A. , van Boom Jacques H. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Bicyclic anti‐VZV Nucleosides: Thieno Analogues Bearing an Alkylphenyl Side Chain Have Reduced Antiviral Activity.
Authors: Angell Annette , McGuigan Christopher , Garcia Sevillano Luis , Snoeck Robert , Andrei Graciela , De Clercq Erik , Balzarini Jan 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Panax Acetylenes: Chiral Syntheses of Acetylpanaxydol, PQ‐3 and Panaxydiol.
Authors: Satoh Mitsuru , Watanabe Mitsuo , Kawahata Masatoshi , Mohri Kunihiko , Yoshida Yuki , Isobe Kimiaki , Fujimoto Yasuo 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Supramolecular Chemistry with Metal Ions and Heterocycles, Including Nucleobases
Authors: Freisinger E. , Roitzsch M. , Beck B. , Schneider A. , Lueth M. S. , Rother I. B. , Schnebeck R. D. , Willermann M. , Kampf G. , Navarro J. A. R. , et al. et al. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Well‐Defined Secondary Structures. Information‐Storing Molecular Duplexes and Helical Foldamers Based on Unnatural Peptide Backbones
Authors: Sanford Adam R. , Yamato Kazuhiro , Yang Xiaowu , Yuan Lihua , Han Yaohua , Gong Bing 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The role of aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant treatment of breast carcinoma
Authors: Morandi Paolo , Rouzier Roman , Altundag Kadri , Buzdar Aman U. , Theriault Richard L. , Hortobagyi Gabriel 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe authors examined the published evidence on the use of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) in the adjuvant setting in postmenopausal, hormone receptor–positive patients, and they provide recommendations for clinical management in 3 different situations: newly diagnosed women, women who have already received tamoxifen for 2–3 years, and women who have completed 5‐years of tamoxifen and are disease free.METHODSAll double‐blind, randomized, prospective studies were reviewed. Data sources included the MEDLINE data base, reviews, editorials, and experts.RESULTSThe Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial, the Intergroup Exemestane Study (IES), and the MA‐17 trial confirmed the superiority of AIs over tamoxifen in women with early‐stage breast carcinoma, improving disease‐free survival (DFS) considerably. In the ATAC trial, the 4‐year DFS rate was 86.9% on anastrozole and 84.5% on tamoxifen (P = 0.03); in the IES, the 3‐year DFS rate was 91.5% on exemestane and 86.8% on tamoxifen (P = 0.00005); and, in MA‐17, the 4‐year estimated DFS rate was 93% on letrozole and 87% on placebo (P ≤ 0.001). All studies were limited because of the immaturity of data, particularly concerning long‐term safety. A negative impact on bone health was observed in all three trials. However short‐term side effects were acceptable. In addition, the studies demonstrated a significant reduction in the frequency of new primary tumors in the contralateral breast.CONCLUSIONSCurrent data support anastrozole as first‐line adjuvant hormonal therapy, or a change to AIs after 2–3 years of tamoxifen, or the use of letrozole at the end of a 5‐year course of tamoxifen as first‐choice treatment options for the management of hormone receptor–positive breast carcinoma in postmenopausal women. Ongoing clinical trials should help to define the precise timing, duration, and sequencing of AI therapy, in addition to the long‐term tolerability profile and potential differences between anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis C who develop hepatocellular carcinoma after a sustained response to interferon therapy
Authors: Makiyama Akiko , Itoh Yoshito , Kasahara Akinori , Imai Yasuharu , Kawata Sumio , Yoshioka Kentaro , Tsubouchi Hirohito , Kiyosawa Kendo , Kakumu Shinichi , Okita Kiwamu , Hayashi Norio , Okanoue Takeshi 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of the current study was to determine the characteristic features of sustained responders who develop hepatocellular carcinoma after treatment with interferon for chronic hepatitis C.METHODSThis study included 3626 patients with chronic hepatitis C who had received interferon monotherapy. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to compare sustained responders who did and did not develop hepatocellular carcinoma, and nonsustained responders who developed hepatocellular carcinoma in a multicenter, retrospective cohort study.RESULTSAmong 1197 sustained responders, 27 patients developed hepatocellular carcinoma (2.3%). Compared with sustained responders who did not develop hepatocellular carcinoma, patients who developed disease more often were male (P = 0.0212), were older (P = 0.0068), and had advanced‐stage histologic disease before interferon therapy (P = 0.0345). Conversely, compared with patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were not sustained responders, patients who were sustained responders tended to be older at the time of the initiation of interferon therapy (P = 0.0552) and at the time hepatocellular carcinoma was detected (P = 0.0593), and they also were predominantly male (P = 0.0507). The histologic staging and serum aminotransferase levels at the initiation of interferon therapy, the interval to the detection of tumor, and the tumor size showed no significant differences between the two groups.CONCLUSIONSSustained responders in the group at high risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma after interferon therapy were older, more often were male, and had more advanced histologic disease stage. Such patients should be followed carefully periodically for > 10 years after they complete interferon therapy. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Stereotactic hypofractionated high‐dose irradiation for stage I nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Onishi Hiroshi , Araki Tsutomu , Shirato Hiroki , Nagata Yasushi , Hiraoka Masahiro , Gomi Kotaro , Yamashita Takashi , Niibe Yuzuru , Karasawa Katsuyuki , Hayakawa Kazushige , Takai Yoshihiro , Kimura Tomoki , Hirokawa Yutaka , Takeda Atsuya , Ouchi Atsushi , Hareyama Masato , Kokubo Masaki , Hara Ryusuke , Itami Jun , Yamada Kazunari 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDStereotactic irradiation (STI) has been actively performed using various methods to achieve better local control of Stage I nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) in Japan. The authors retrospectively evaluated results from a Japanese multiinstitutional study.METHODSPatients with Stage I NSCLC (n = 245; median age, 76 years; T1N0M0, n=155; T2N0M0, n=90) were treated with hypofractionated high‐dose STI in 13 institutions. Stereotactic three‐dimensional treatment was performed using noncoplanar dynamic arcs or multiple static ports. A total dose of 18–75 gray (Gy) at the isocenter was administered in 1–22 fractions. The median calculated biologic effective dose (BED) was 108 Gy (range, 57–180 Gy).RESULTSDuring follow‐up (median, 24 months; range, 7–78 months), pulmonary complications of National Cancer Institute‐Common Toxicity Criteria Grade > 2 were observed in only 6 patients (2.4%). Local progression occurred in 33 patients (14.5%), and the local recurrence rate was 8.1% for BED ≥ 100 Gy compared with 26.4% for < 100 Gy (P < 0.05). The 3‐year overall survival rate of medically operable patients was 88.4% for BED ≥ 100 Gy compared with 69.4% for < 100 Gy (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSHypofractionated high‐dose STI with BED < 150 Gy was feasible and beneficial for curative treatment of patients with Stage I NSCLC. For all treatment methods and schedules, local control and survival rates were better with BED ≥ 100 Gy compared with < 100 Gy. Survival rates in selected patients (medically operable, BED ≥ 100 Gy) were excellent, and were potentially comparable to those of surgery. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Active chemotherapy for sarcomatoid and rapidly progressing renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Nanus David M. , Garino Alexandria , Milowsky Matthew I. , Larkin Maureen , Dutcher Janice P. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDImmunotherapy is generally ineffective in patients with sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and in patients with rapidly progressive metastatic or locally recurrent disease, with a median time to progression of approximately 2 months and a median survival of 4–7 months. Gemcitabine‐based regimens have modest antitumor activity, whereas doxorubicin is often used to treat sarcomatoid RCC. Based on the antitumor activity of doxorubicin and gemcitabine in collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney, the authors used this combination to treat selected patients with sarcomatoid or rapidly progressing RCC.METHODSEighteen patients (11 males and 7 females; median age, 53 years; range, 31–81 years) with RCC (56% sarcomatoid; 44% other) were treated at 2 institutions in a collaborative study that was not institutional review board reviewed. Seven patients received previous treatment with interferon or interleukin‐2. Sites of metastases included the lung, soft tissue, bone, liver, and brain with 88% of patients having ≥ 3 sites of disease. Treatment consisted of doxorubicin (50 mg/m2) and gemcitabine (1500 or 2000 mg/m2) every 2–3 weeks with granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor support.RESULTSA median of 5 courses was administered (range, 2–12 cycles). Therapy was well tolerated with no Grade 4 toxicities. Two patients had a complete response, five had a partial response, three had a mixed response, and one had stable disease. The median duration of response was 5 months (range, 2–21+ months).CONCLUSIONSThese data suggested that the combination of doxorubicin and gemcitabine has antitumor activity in patients with sarcomatoid RCC or with rapidly progressing RCC. A prospective investigation of this combination in RCC is warranted. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Vinorelbine and low‐dose cyclophosphamide in the treatment of pediatric sarcomas
Authors: Casanova Michela , Ferrari Andrea , Bisogno Gianni , Merks Johannes H. M. , De Salvo Gian Luca , Meazza Cristina , Tettoni Katia , Provenzi Massimo , Mazzarino Ida , Carli Modesto 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDFollowing their previous report on the activity of vinorelbine in the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma, the authors report the results of a pilot study aimed at defining the optimal dose of vinorelbine when this agent is used in conjunction with continuous, orally administered low‐dose cyclophosphamide to treat patients with refractory or recurrent sarcoma. It is hoped that the combination of vinorelbine and low‐dose cyclophosphamide can be used as a maintenance regimen in an upcoming European trial involving high‐risk patients with rhabdomyosarcoma.METHODSIn the current pilot study, the cyclophosphamide dose was fixed at 25 mg/m2 per day for 28 days. Vinorelbine was administered intravenously on Days 1, 8, and 15, with trial doses escalated from an initial level of 15 mg/m2 in steps of 5 mg/m2; intrapatient dose escalation was not allowed.RESULTSBetween April 2002 and November 2003, 18 patients ages 2–23 years were treated with the study regimen after having received 1–4 (median, 2) other regimens previously. Ninety cycles were administered in total (median, 5 cycles per patient; range, 1–10 cycles per patient). Two cases of dose‐limiting toxicity (Grade 4 neutropenia in both cases) were observed among the 5 patients who received vinorelbine at a dose of 30 mg/m2. Of the 41 cycles in which vinorelbine was administered at a dose of 25 mg/m2, Grade ≥ 3 neutropenia was observed in 15 (37%); no other major toxicity was documented in association with these cycles. One complete remission and 6 partial remissions were noted among the 17 patients who had measurable disease. Three of the eight assessable patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (which was embryonal in two cases and alveolar in one) had responses to treatment.CONCLUSIONSCombination therapy involving vinorelbine and low‐dose cyclophosphamide was found to be feasible and to possess activity against recurrent sarcomas. The maintenance therapy doses recommended for use in the upcoming European trial are cyclophosphamide 25 mg/m2 per day for 28 days and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 on Days 1, 8, and 15. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Physicians don't ask, sometimes patients tell
Authors: Boehmer Ulrike , Case Patricia 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe disclosure of sexual orientation to physicians is uncertain and the reasons are poorly understood. The current study was undertaken to describe the disclosure of sexual orientation among sexual minority women with breast carcinoma.METHODSIndividual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 39 sexual minority women with a diagnosis of breast carcinoma who lived in New England. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using qualitative data analysis software. Through constant comparison methods, themes related to disclosure were identified from the narrative data.RESULTSSexual minority patient‐provider relationships were marked by apprehension, and providers did not inquire about sexual orientation. The majority of women actively disclosed their sexual orientation, whereas 11 women passively refused disclosure.CONCLUSIONSProviders should create opportunities for the disclosure of sexual orientation to provide more comprehensive care. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.