bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial: factors influencing the outcome of total hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Clement Nicholas D. , Scott Chloe E. H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Total hip and knee arthroplasty for end stage arthritis are among the most cost-effective interventions available in all of medicine. Success of hip and knee arthroplasties is not universal and approximately one in ten patients are not satisfied with their arthroplasty and 10 to 34% of patients have an unfavourable long term pain outcome. The aim of this edition of Arthroplasty was to identify factors associated with: (1) poor joint specific outcome, (2) poor health related quality of life outcome and (3) dissatisfaction following total hip and knee arthroplasty.

Methods
The scope was deliberately broad to identify factors (known and unknown) that influence outcome of total hip and knee arthroplasty, and of 40 submissions, eight were selected for this special edition after peer review.

Results
Many of the included studies reported subjective patient reported outcome measures as their key outcomes but other objective measures such as muscle mass, timed Up-and-Go test, kneeling ability and postoperative pain are also featured. Some studies involved a focus on early rehabilitation after surgery (ERAS) principles and how to optimise pre-rehabilitation and reduce length of hospital stay readmission and reoperation. The effect of metal allergy and drain usage on outcomes is also explored. A variety of methodologies have been used including one randomised control trial, some machine learning and three systematic reviews investigating the effect of metal allergy on outcomes, associations with postoperative pain and the effect of patella resurfacing.

Conclusion
This special edition has advanced our knowledge of factors influencing to the outcome of hip and knee arthroplasty but has also identified several areas of research that need to be addressed to improve the outcomes of our patients.
Multi-slice CT coronary angiography versus invasive coronary angiography in the assessment of graft patency after coronary artery bypasses graft surgery
Authors: Elmaghraby Khaled M. , Demitry Salwa R. , Hasaballah Eman A. , Razik Nady A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The long-term patency of arterial and venous grafts is crucial for the success of CABG. This study was designed to investigate graft patency using 128-slice coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and compared the results with those obtained using invasive coronary angiography (ICA). In this observational cross-sectional study, we included 40 symptomatic post-CABG patients underwent CCTA and ICA within the same month.

Results
Fifty-five percent were aged more than 60 years, and 80% were males. 67.5% had diabetes, 90% had hypertension, and 30% were smokers. Mean body mass index was 28.89 ± 5.17 kg/m2. Mean duration since CABG was 5.25 ± 4.04 years. In total, 124 native vessels and 97 grafts were assessed using CCTA and ICA. CCTA delineated 8 non-cannulated venous grafts and 6 non-cannulated left internal mammary artery grafts. CCTA required a significantly lower radiation dose (1165.77 ± 123.54 vs. 47,589.78 ± 6967.53, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
CCTA can be as accurate as ICA in assessing bypass grafts with less radiation dose, providing a non-invasive reliable tool for evaluation.
The association between childhood maltreatment and internet addiction among Chinese junior middle school students: prospective cohort study
Authors: Jin Xingyue , Wang Yuxin , Huang Chunxiang , Luo Xuerong , Gao Xueping , Shen Yanmei 
Published: December 2023

Background
Childhood maltreatment is associated with internet addiction, but most evidence is from retrospective studies.

Aims
We aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and internet addiction through a prospective cohort design.

Method
In a prospective cohort study, self-reported data on childhood maltreatment (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire – Short Form) at baseline, and internet addiction (Revised Chinese Internet Addiction Scale) at baseline and 6-month follow-up, were collected online from 756 Chinese junior middle school students aged 11–15 years and residing in Changsha, Hunan Province. Demographic data and covariates such as depression, anxiety, stress (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21) and insomnia (Athens Insomnia Scale) were also surveyed at baseline. Logistic regression analysis measured the association between childhood maltreatment and internet addiction, and gender-related differences.

Results
Childhood maltreatment was prevalent in Chinese junior middle school students (37.83%), and the incidence rate of internet addiction was 9.26% at the 6-month follow-up. Emotional abuse was a significant risk factor for internet addiction (adjusted odds ratio 2.618, 95% CI 1.194–5.738; P = 0.016) in both males and females.

Conclusions
This study suggests a high prevalence of childhood maltreatment in Chinese junior middle school students, and that emotional abuse plays a significant role in internet addiction. More attention should be paid to parenting style and adolescents’ mental health.
Bound states of Dirac fermions in the presence of a Fermi velocity modulation
Authors: Kalim Ullah , Ren Jun-Tong , Ke Sha-Sha , Feng Yuan , Lü Hai-Feng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We investigate the effect of a position-dependent Fermi velocity on the electronic properties of two-dimensional Dirac materials. A physical Fermi velocity distribution, which approaches a finite value at infinity and experiences a modulation near x = 0, is considered. Such a position-dependent Fermi velocity could be realized in the curved graphene or by applying strain. It is shown that the bound states are absent in the presence of a pure Fermi velocity modulation without an electrostatic potential well. However, an extra electrostatic potential modulation could produce the bound states. A set of discrete energy level spectrum and the corresponding wave functions are obtained by solving the Dirac equation exactly. Local probes such as scanning tunnel microscopy should be able to observe the predicted bound states in two-dimensional materials.
Theory on coherent perfect absorber and laser via a metamaterial slab with complex parameters
Authors: Sun Zhouzhou , Lu Weixin , Bai Ping 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We explicitly derive the general conditions of a metamaterial slab to achieve coherent perfect absorber (CPA) and laser under the excitation of two counter-propagating incident waves. Our results provide a unified theory that could be applied in designing homogenous metamaterial with complex parameters for realizing CPAs and lasers. Especially, the theory discusses two special cases, i.e., case 1) a metamaterial slab with complex permittivity and real permeability, or complex permeability and real permittivity, and case 2) a metamaterial slab with both complex permittivity and permeability, which encompass the entire range of metamaterials with complex parameters. For both cases, our theory accurately derives the required parameters of the metamaterial for CPA, laser and their coexistence, as validated by numerical simulations. Our work serves as a guide for designing CPAs and lasers via general metamaterial slabs of complex parameters.
Correspondence between the Hamiltonian cycle problem and the quantum
lattice gauge theory
Authors: Cui Xiaopeng , Shi Yu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We propose the correspondence between the Hamiltonian cycle (HC) problem in graph theory and the quantum

lattice gauge theory (QZ2LGT) defined on the lattice dual to that graph. For the QZ2LGT, when the coupling parameter g is less than the critical value g

c
, the ground state is a superposition of all configurations with closed strings of same spins, which can be obtained by using an adiabatic quantum algorithm. A subsequent search for a HC among those closed strings solves the original HC problem. The method is demonstrated for random samples of small graphs.
Local auxin biosynthesis promotes shoot patterning and stem cell differentiation in Arabidopsis shoot apex
Authors: Yadav Shalini , Kumar Harish , Mahajan Monika , Sahu Sangram Keshari , Singh Sharad Kumar , Yadav Ram Kishor 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The shoot apical meristem (SAM) of higher plants comprises distinct functional zones. The central zone (CZ) is located at the meristem summit and harbors pluripotent stem cells. Stem cells undergo cell division within the CZ and give rise to descendants, which enter the peripheral zone (PZ) and become recruited into lateral organs. Stem cell daughters that are pushed underneath the CZ form rib meristem (RM). To unravel the mechanism of meristem development, it is essential to know how stem cells adopt distinct cell fates in the SAM. Here, we show that meristem patterning and floral organ primordia formation, besides auxin transport, are regulated by auxin biosynthesis mediated by two closely related genes of the TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE family. In Arabidopsis SAM, TAA1 and TAR2 played a role in maintaining auxin responses and the identity of PZ cell types. In the absence of auxin biosynthesis and transport, the expression pattern of the marker genes linked to the patterning of the SAM is perturbed. Our results prove that local auxin biosynthesis, in concert with transport, controls the patterning of the SAM into the CZ, PZ and RM.
Twin pregnancy with one normal fetus and one complete hydatidiform mole: Outcome of expectant management
Authors: Shuja Samia , Rauf Sadia 
Published: December 2023

Twin pregnancy with one fetus and one complete mole falls amongst extremely rare obstetric situations. The spectrum of complications associated with it is wide. Once diagnosed, the choice between continuation and termination of pregnancy depends upon couple’s preference and readiness to accept possible complications. Key to success lies in clinical vigilance and tailoring management according to emerging needs during pregnancy and follow up. We present a case of twin pregnancy with complete hydatidiform mole and coexisting normal fetus diagnosed at 25 weeks. Pregnancy was complicated by anemia, gestational diabetes mellitus, recurrent vaginal bleeding, intrauterine growth restriction and iatrogenic preterm delivery. She was followed for development of GTN, none occurred.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8950
How to cite this: Shuja S, Rauf S. Twin pregnancy with one normal fetus and one complete hydatidiform mole: Outcome of expectant management. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(2):S94-S96. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8950
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Frequency and types of pre-analytical errors in a clinical laboratory of a specialized healthcare hospital
Authors: Tasneem Aroofa , Zubair Muhammad , Rasool Zoha , Tareen Farrukh Zia 
Published: December 2023

Background & Objective: The pre-analytical phase, encompassing all preparatory steps leading to the analytical process, represents a critical stage prone to laboratory errors. An assessment of the occurrence and categories of laboratory errors, specifically within the pre-analytical phase of laboratory procedures, can guide in taking timely actions for rectifying errors responsible for damage and loss of samples. This study aimed to assess the frequency and types of pre-analytical errors within a clinical laboratory at the Multan Institute of Kidney Diseases over two years.
Methods: This research took place at the Multan Institute of Kidney Diseases. Data was extracted from the hospital laboratory records of the period from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2022. After data compilation, a retrospective cross-sectional methodology was adopted to assess frequency and types of pre-analytical errors within a clinical laboratory. The records underwent a thorough examination to identify pre-analytical errors, which were classified according to their type and occurrence rate.
Results: Among the 254810 specimens received during the data collection period, a total of 1,722 specimens (0.67% of all collected samples) were found unsuitable for further processing. Amongst the rejected specimens, 718 (41.6%) displayed indications of hemolysis, 388 (22.5%) exhibited clotting, 217 (12.6%) had an insufficient volume and the remaining specimens fell into other miscellaneous categories such as insufficient quantity, unlabeled samples etc.
Conclusion: The overall percentage of sample rejections in the laboratory was 0.67%. This study provided valuable insights into various reasons, and causes that require improvements to enhance the efficiency and quality of laboratory processes.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8963
How to cite this: Tasneem A, Zubair M, Rasool Z, Tareen FZ. Frequency and types of pre-analytical errors in a clinical laboratory of a specialized healthcare hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(2):S70-S74. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8963
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Breve cartografia do Instituto Municipal Nise da Silveira: o cuidado pela arte e cultura
Authors: Forain de Valentim Renata Patricia , Martins Mariah 
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem como propósito uma breve cartografia das formas de cuidado pela arte e cultura no Instituto Municipal Nise da Silveira (IMNS), mapeando, na história da ocupação de seu território pelo lúdico e pelo artístico, os avanços e retrocessos das políticas nacionais para a saúde mental. Seu objetivo é refletir sobre como o uso da arte na reinvenção existencial de sujeitos institucionalizados conseguiu se construir e se manter naquela instituição, resistindo aos ataques e desmontes dos sucessivos governos e direções, servindo como proposta de novos meios de tratamento e funcionando como um modo de resistência ao manicômio.

Palavras-Chave: desinstitucionalização; arte e cultura; Instituto Municipal Nise da Silveira; Reforma Psiquiátrica.
Rare case of lupus enteritis presenting as colorectum involvement: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Gan Hui , Wang Fei , Gan Yuan , Wen Li 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that can affect the gastrointestinal tract. Most cases of lupus enteritis (LE) involve the small intestine, while the involvement of the whole colon and rectum without the small intestine being affected is extremely rare.
CASE SUMMARY
A 35-year-old woman was diagnosed with colorectal LE after initially presenting with intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting for two months. She had a regular medication history for five years following the diagnosis of SLE but had been irregular in taking medications, which may have contributed to the onset of LE and led to her current hospital admission. According to the 2019 Classification criteria for SLE of the European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology, this case scored 14. Additionally, abdominal computed tomography revealed significant wall edema of the colon and rectum, ischemia and hyperemia of the ascending colon intestinal wall, mesenteric vessel engorgement, increased mesangial fat attenuation, ascites, and bilateral ureter-hydronephrosis, all indicative of colon and rectum LE. Laboratory tests also showed lower levels of complement C3 and C4, with an antinuclear antibody titer of 1:100. Overall, it was clear that this case involved the colon and rectum without affecting the small intestine, representing a rare manifestation of SLE. The patient received treatment with 10 mg of methylprednisolone sodium succinate, 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride, hydroxychloroquine (100 mg), and nutrition support. After one week of methylprednisolone and hydroxychloroquine therapy, her SLE symptoms and disease activity improved significantly.
CONCLUSION
Although colorectal LE without small intestine involvement is very rare, early diagnosis and excellent management with corticosteroids prevented the need for surgical intervention. Physicians should be aware of colorectal LE without small intestine involvement as a manifestation of lupus flare.
Optical time domain reflectometry based on a self-chaotic circular-sided microcavity laser
Authors: Li Jian-Cheng , Dong Yun-Xiao , Lei Bin-Juan , Xiao Jin-Long , Yang Yue-De , Huang Yong-Zhen 
Published: December 2023

A self-chaotic circular-sided square microcavity laser, with a chaos bandwidth of 12.9 GHz and a flatness of ±3dB, was applied in optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR). Using the broadband chaos laser, we demonstrated a range resolution of 4.5 mm and a 25-km detection distance experimentally. The solitary wide-bandwidth microcavity chaos laser, without the extra correlation peaks in optical feedback chaotic lasers, has shown potential advantages for correlation OTDR in practical application.
Deep learning hybrid model for analyzing and predicting the impact of imported malaria cases from Africa on the rise of Plasmodium falciparum in China before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kamana Eric , Zhao Jijun 
Published: December 2023

Background
Plasmodium falciparum cases are rising in China due to the imported malaria cases from African countries. The main goal of this study is to examine the impact of imported malaria cases in African countries on the rise of P. falciparum cases in China before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A generalized regression model was used to investigate the association of time trends between imported malaria cases from 45 African countries and P. falciparum cases in 31 provinces of China from 2012 to 2018 before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic from October 2020 to May 2021. Based on the analysis, we proposed a statistical and deep learning hybrid approach to model the resurgence of malaria in China using monthly data of P. falciparum from 2004 to 2016. This study builds a hybrid model known as the ARIMA-GRU approach for modeling the P. falciparum cases in all provinces of China and the number of malaria deaths in China before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
The analysis showed an emerging link between the rise of imported malaria cases from Africa and P. falciparum cases in many provinces of China. Many imported malaria cases from Africa were P. falciparum cases. The proposed deep learning model achieved a high prediction accuracy score on the testing dataset of 96%.

Conclusion
The study provided an analysis of the reduction of P. falciparum cases and deaths caused by imported P. falciparum cases during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the control measures regarding the limitation of international travel in China. The Chinese government has to prepare the imported malaria control measures after the normalization of international travel, to prevent the resurgence of malaria disease in China.
Inferring glaucoma status from prescriptions, diagnoses, and operations data: A Danish nationwide study
Authors: Horwitz Anna , Klemp Marc , Rovelt Jens , Horwitz Henrik , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Kolko Miriam 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
To assess a new method for inferring glaucoma status using prescriptions data.

Methods
The study population comprised all individuals living in Denmark in the period 1995 to 2018 and included 6,930,571 individuals. We used information from The National Prescription Registry on claimed prescriptions as the basis for our study (N = 223,592). We inferred glaucoma status using data on claimed prescriptions, in-hospital ICD-10 diagnoses, and in-hospital glaucoma surgeries. We infer glaucoma status in three ways using the prescription pattern: glaucoma inferred by (i) the use of a first claimed prescription, (ii) the use of a second claimed prescription with a gap of at least 90 days, and (iii) the use of a third claimed prescription for glaucoma medication, again with a gap of at least 90 days between prescriptions. Furthermore, we compared the results with alternative indications for glaucoma, namely in-hospital ICD-10-diagnosed glaucoma and in-hospital glaucoma surgery.

Results
We first determined that glaucoma status could be inferred from claimed prescription data and found that a single claimed prescription was highly correlated with the more restricted composite measure of glaucoma (R2 = 0.80, p <0.0001), with a kappa coefficient of 80%. Focusing on individuals with a confirmed in-hospital glaucoma diagnosis, we found a high sensitivity of 88% using anti-glaucomatous prescriptions as a surrogate marker for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). We then derived several descriptive insights. The prevalence of glaucoma increased during the period from 1996 to 2018, while the incidence was constant. We also found a decreasing trend in the ratio of the number of people diagnosed annually in hospitals to the number of people filling prescriptions. This indicated a relative increase in the number of patients treated or managed in the secondary sector. Finally, using data on diagnoses and claimed prescriptions, we found that the proportion of total noncompliant patients, i.e., patients who do not claim their prescription at any time in the study period (two decades) was at most 11.8%. This share is calculated on the basis of diagnosed patients who did not have surgery. The results was not sensitive to the glaucoma inference rule.

Conclusion
Anti-glaucomatous medicine prescriptions can be used to infer glaucoma status, with useful implications for epidemiological research. The sensitivity is particularly high for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).