bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FISH‐mapping of telomeric 14q32 deletions: Search for the cause of seizures
Authors: Schlade‐Bartusiak Kamilla , Costa Teresa , Summers Anne M. , Nowaczyk Malgorzata J.M. , Cox Diane W. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractRing chromosome 14 is a rare cytogenetic disorder. Individuals with r(14) generally have developmental delay and seizures. Other features include hypotonia, microcephaly, mild facial dysmorphism, and retinal pigmentation. Most of these features are also found in patients with linear terminal deletions of chromosome 14, except for seizures and retinal abnormalities. The objective of the study was to determine if deletion of a specific chromosome region is a possible explanation for the occurrence of seizures in patients with ring chromosome 14. Patients diagnosed either with r(14) (six patients) or a deletion of distal 14q (three patients) were analyzed by FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) with BAC probes. We observed differences in the size of deletions in the studied group. In two r(14) patients, we did not detect any deletion; the four other patients had deletions of various sizes, ranging from 0.8 Mb to 5 Mb. Two linear deletions were 3.2 Mb and 5.3 Mb in length, respectively; the third case had an interstitial deletion that did not overlap with the others. The deleted regions in ring chromosomes showed overlap with those in the two linear terminal deletions. We conclude that there is unlikely to be a specific deleted locus in 14q32.3 that predisposes r(14) patients to seizures or retinal pigmentation. The cause is probably related to the formation of the ring itself and the effect this may have on local chromatin structure. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Confirmation of association between the Val66Met polymorphism in the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene and bipolar I disorder
Authors: Lohoff F.W. , Sander T. , Ferraro T.N. , Dahl J.P. , Gallinat J. , Berrettini W.H. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractRecent studies have indicated that the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene is involved in the etiology of bipolar disorder (BPD). Two family‐based association studies showed that the Val allele of the functional polymorphism Val66Met in the BDNF gene is associated with BPD; however, others could not confirm the results. Here we performed a replication study in an independent sample and tested the hypothesis that the Val66 allele in the BDNF gene confers susceptibility to bipolar I disorder (BPI). Six hundred twenty‐one patients with BPI and 998 control subjects were genotyped for the Val66Met polymorphism. All cases and controls were of European descent. All BPI patients had a positive family history of affective disorder. The frequency of the Val allele was significantly increased in BPI patient when compared to controls (χ2 = 4.8; df = 1; P = 0.028; two‐sided; OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.02–1.47). Results confirm previous findings and suggest that the Val allele increases risk for BPI in patients of European descent. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the involvement of the BDNF gene in the pathophysiology of BPD. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
One‐Bead–One‐Inhibitor–One‐Substrate Screening of Neuraminidase Activity
Authors: Ying Laiqiang , Gervay‐Hague Jacquelyn 
Published: September 2005

AbstractGiven the eminent threat of a 21st century flu pandemic, the search for novel antiviral compounds is an increasingly important area of research. Recent developments in antiviral research have established the viability of targeting viral neuraminidase (NA), an enzyme that cleaves sialic acid from the cell‐surfacemediating passage of the virus in the respiratory tract. N‐acetyl neuraminic acid (NeuAc) is the substrate for NA, and analogues of this core structure have been commercialized as antiviral therapeutics. Recent studies have established that this system is well suited for combinatorial approaches to drug discovery. An important step in the process is to develop solid‐phase screening technologies. The feasibility of performing competitive solid‐phase NA assays is reported herein. Initially, a fluorogenic NeuAc substrate was immobilized on solid support, and the ability of three NAs (Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella typhimurium, and Vibrio cholerae) to cleave the substrate was shown to be analogous to solution‐phase assays. The solid support was then bifunctionalized with the fluorogenic NeuAc substrate and one of two known inhibitors (DANA and Zanamivir). The ability of NA to cleave NeuAc from the solid support when simultaneously presented with an inhibitor was shown to be enzyme dependent. As expected, simultaneous presentation of NeuAc and DANA, a nonspecific inhibitor, led to diminished activity for all three enzymes tested. In contrast, dual presentation of NeuAc and the selective inhib‐ itor Zanamivir only showed significant activity against Vibrio cholerae.
Fabrication of TlBa2CaCu2O7c‐Axis Oriented Films Through a Hybrid In‐Situ MOCVD Process
Authors: Malandrino G. , Perdicaro L. M. S. , Condorelli G. G. , Cassinese A. , Prigiobbo A. , Fragalà I. L. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe first procedure for a novel, hybrid, in‐situ, MOCVD synthesis of superconducting TlBaCaCuO thin films on 10 mm × 10 mm (100) LaAlO3 substrates is reported. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analyses have shown the selective growth of epitaxial TlBa2CaCu2O7 (Tl‐1212) films. The XRD patterns indicate that samples are highly c‐axis oriented, and the (103) pole figure points to a good in‐plane alignment. SEM images show highly homogeneous, smooth surfaces with a plate‐like structure.
Synthesis and Characterisation of [Re(CO)3(SS)(P)] Complexes: A [2+1] Concept for 99mTc‐ and 188Re‐Radiopharmaceutical Applications
Authors: Riondato Mattia , Camporese Davide , Martín David , Suades Joan , Alvarez‐Larena Angel , Mazzi Ulderico 
Published: September 2005

AbstractA new (SS)(P) coordination set based on the concurrent use of a dithiocarbamate and a functionalised phosphane is reported. The (SS)(P) fashion is achieved by applying the [2+1] mixed‐ligand concept and makes it possible to obtain stable rhenium tricarbonyl complexes without employing tripodal bifunctional chelating agents (BFCAs). The coordination chemistry of the simple sodium N,N‐dimethyldithiocarbamate and new functionalised phosphanes L1–L3 [L1 = Ph2PCH2CH2C(O)OCH3, L2 = Ph2PCH2CH2C(O)NHCH2C(O)OCH3, L3 = Ph2PCH2CH2C(O)NHCH2CH2C(O)OCH3] was studied by reaction with the rhenium complex [NEt4]2[fac‐Re(CO3)Br3]. The rhenium tricarbonyl core was found to be stabilised by the SS chelation of dithiocarbamate and by the P coordination of the phosphane. Two synthetic pathways leading to the complexes [fac‐Re(CO)3(L)(MDTC)] (L = L1, L2, L3; MDTC = N,N‐dimethyldithiocarbamate) are described. The structural characterisation of the isolated complexes by spectroscopic methods is reported, including X‐ray crystallographic analysis for rhenium complexes with ligands L1 and L3. The homologous Tc‐99m compounds with the same (SS)(P) coordination set were prepared at tracer level with the L2 and L3 ligands, and characterised by HPLC methods. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Biomimetic Thiolate Alkylation with Zinc Pyrazolylbis(thioimidazolyl)borate Complexes
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed M. , He Guosen , Seebacher Jan , Benkmil Boumahdi , Vahrenkamp Heinrich 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe NS2ZnX coordination in thiolate‐alkylating zinc enzymes is reproduced in (tripod)ZnX complexes with substituted pyrazolylbis(thioimidazolyl)borate tripod ligands. Intermediate (tripod)Zn nitrates and perchlorates are converted into (tripod)Zn thiolates, including the biologically relevant homocysteinate. Methylation with CH3I converts these to (tripod)ZnI and the corresponding thioethers CH3SR, including methionine. A kinetic investigation has shown the alkylations to be intramolecular SN2 processes that take place at the zinc‐bound thiolates. They are considerably faster for the (NS2)Zn thiolates than for the (N2S)‐ and (N3)Zn‐thiolates with similar pyrazolylborate‐derived tripod ligands, in agreement with Nature’s choice of an NS2 donor set for zinc. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Reactivity of 1‐Nitroso‐2‐naphthol Towards the Carbonyl Complexes XRe(CO)5 (X = Cl, Br, I): Molecular Structures of cis‐[η2‐{N,O‐C10H6ON(O)}Re(CO)4] and fac‐[η2‐{N,O‐C10H6ON(H)}Re(CO)3X]
Authors: Krinninger Christoph , Wirth Stefan , Ruiz Juan C. Galvez , Klüfers Peter , Nöth Heinrich , Lorenz Ingo‐Peter 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe halogeno complexes (CO)5ReX (1a–c) (X = Cl, Br, I) react with 1‐nitroso‐2‐naphthol C10H6N(O)OH (2) in refluxing CH2Cl2 to give the substitution product cis‐(CO)4Re{C10H6ON(O)} (3) via HX and CO elimination in good yield. Compound 3 is coordinated to the Re centre by the bidentate chelate ligand via the N‐atom of the nitroso and O‐atom of the naphtholato groups. The same reaction in refluxing toluene, however, gave no HX elimination but instead, the fac‐(CO)3XRe{C10H6ON(H)} (4–6) complexes are formed, which contain the rare, N,O‐chelating ligand 1,2‐naphthaquinone‐2‐imine. The nitroso function of 2 has been reduced to the imine function by an intermolecular redox process, which was confirmed by the detection of CO2 generated during the reaction. The new compounds 3–6 have been characterised by their IR, 1H and 13C NMR, UV/Vis and mass spectra, as well as by X‐ray structure analyses. The ReI centres show a distorted octahedral coordination of the CO and X (in 4–6) ligands and the almost planar aromatic (3) or quinoid (4–6) N,O chelating ligands. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KgaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Self‐Assembly and Characterization of Grid‐Type Copper(I), Silver(I), and Zinc(II) Complexes
Authors: Patroniak Violetta , Stefankiewicz Artur R. , Lehn Jean‐Marie , Kubicki Maciej 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe reactions of ligand L, which comprises two bidentate binding units, with copper(I), silver(I), and zinc(II) lead to the self‐assembly of the expected supramolecular architectures 1–3, respectively, of the [2 × 2] grid type, containing four ions in tetrahedral coordination sites. The grid‐type structures are assigned on the basis of the spectroscopic data in solution, and confirmed in the solid state in the case of complex 2 by X‐ray crystallography. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
The Role of [η2‐Bis(tert‐butylsulfonyl)acetylene](carbonyl)(η5‐cyclopentadienyl)cobalt(I) as an Intermediate in the Alkyne Dimerisation
Authors: Staeb Tobias H. , Chávez Jorge , Gleiter Rolf , Nuber Bernhard 
Published: September 2005

AbstractDicarbonyl(η5‐cyclopentadienyl)cobalt(I) (1) reacts with the electron‐poor alkyne bis(tert‐butylsulfonyl)acetylene to give the corresponding cyclobutadiene complex 6, whereas the reaction of [CpCo(CO)2] with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate yields the cyclopentadienone complex 7 under the same conditions. The cyclobutadiene complex 6 could not be obtained by the treatment of [η2‐bis(tert‐butylsulfonyl)acetylene](carbonyl)(η5‐cyclopentadienyl)cobalt(I) [3(H)] with an excess of bis(tert‐butylsulfonyl)acetylene. The same holds for the treatment of 3(H) with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and bis(catecholatoboryl)acetylene. With these results we assume that the monoalkyne complex 3(H) is not an intermediate in the alkyne oligomerisation of electron‐poor alkynes, as was shown for electron‐rich ones. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
A Stable Trinuclear Zinc Cluster Assembled from a Thiazolylazo Dye and Zinc Acetate: Preparation, Structural Characterization and Spectroscopic Studies
Authors: Zhang Guoqi , Wang Shuangqing , Gan Quan , Zhang Yongfang , Yang Guoqiang , Shi Ma Jin , Xu Huijun 
Published: September 2005

AbstractA thiazolylazo dye, 5‐(diethylamino)‐2‐(2‐thiazolylazo)phenol (HL), containing potential tridentate binding sites was synthesized in high yield and well characterized. In solution, the reaction of zinc acetate and the deprotonated ligand, L–, results in the instantaneous formation of the supramolecular trinuclear species [Zn3L2(OAc)4] (1). UV/Vis and 1H NMR spectroscopic titration experiments in solution confirmed that the ligand and zinc salt interact spontaneously with each other and produce exclusively the polymetallic complex with the metal‐to‐ligand ratio of 3:2. The crystal structures of both the ligand and coordination complex are reported in this paper. The aromatic part of HL is planar and, significantly, the intermolecular C–H···π hydrogen bonds and thiazo ring‐S···π weak interactions observed here should be responsible for the orthorhombic space group P212121. The structure of 1 reveals a linear trinuclear zinc cluster. The two L– units are linked to three zinc atoms in an N2O tridentate mode, and the four acetate anions are chelated to three metal centers as bridges to result in two pentacoordinate and one hexacoordinate zinc centers. The resulting bridging Zn1–Zn2–Zn1A array is linear by symmetry, with a nonbonding Zn···Zn distance of 3.390 Å and a Zn1···Zn2···Zn1A angle of 180.0°. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Synthesis and Structure of Neutral and Cationic Gallium Complexes Incorporating Bis(oxazolinato) Ligands
Authors: Dagorne Samuel , Bellemin‐Laponnaz Stéphane , Maisse‐François Aline , Rager Marie‐Noëlle , Jugé Lauriane , Welter Richard 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe bis(oxazolinato)dimethylgallium complexes [{BOX‐Me2}GaMe2] (2a) and [{BOX‐(S)‐iPr}GaMe2] (2b) are easily obtained in nearly quantitative yield by a methane elimination reaction between GaMe3 and the corresponding bis(oxazoline) ligands {BOX‐Me2}H (1a) and {BOX‐(S)‐iPr}H (1b). Compound 2a was also synthesized by a salt metathesis involving the formation of the dichloro complex [{BOX‐Me2}GaCl2] by reaction of [(BOX‐Me2)Li] with GaCl3, followed by its in situ methylation with MeMgBr. The neutral complexes 2a and 2b are rapidly ionized by B(C6F5)3 to cations 3a+ and 3b+, respectively, which are either three‐coordinate methylgallium cations or four‐coordinate Ga solvent adducts, as their MeB(C6F5)3– salts. These cationic species exhibit a limited stability and decompose in solution within several hours at room temperature. However, stable four‐coordinate Ga‐NMe2Ph cations (4a+ and 4b+) are isolated in good yield when these ionization reactions are performed in the presence of a Lewis base such as NMe2Ph. Unlike that of B(C6F5)3, the reaction of [{BOX‐Me2}GaMe2] with[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] quantitatively affords an unusual bis(imine)dimethylgallium cation {H2C=C(OX‐Me2)2}GaMe2+ (5a+) in a reaction that proceeds via a hydride abstraction occurring at the Me group located at the back of the bis(oxazolinato) ligand chelated to the Ga center in 2a. Overall, the reactivity and structural trends observed for the Ga derivatives are closely related to those of the Al analogs, with the Ga compounds being more stable. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Crystal Structure and Optical Properties of a Lanthanum(III) Complex of the Solvatochromic Dye “Nile Red”
Authors: Døssing Anders , Magnussen Magnus , Frey Anne Mette 
Published: September 2005

AbstractA carbethoxy derivative of the push‐pull chromophore benzo[a]phenoxazin‐5‐one (Nile Red) forms chelate complexes of the trivalent lanthanide ions that are stable in coordinating solvents with a bathochromic shift of the intense charge‐transfer band in the Nile Red chromophore as a result. The complex formation results in quenching of the fluorescence from the free Nile Red ligand. Single crystals of a lanthanum(III) complex have been grown and the X‐ray crystal structure showed that two Nile Red ligands are coordinated to the metal centre. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Expeditious Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Pyrazoledicarboxylic Acid Derivatives by Functionalization of Resin‐Bound Cyanoformate
Authors: Morelli Carlo F. , Saladino Alberto , Speranza Giovanna , Manitto Paolo 
Published: September 2005

AbstractEsterification of the Wang resin 5 with the monoamide of oxalic acid (oxamic acid, 7) followed by dehydration of the amide function furnishes the resin‐bound cyanoformate 9, which can be elaborated by zinc‐catalyzed reaction with β‐keto esters. The obtained enamino keto diesters 10a–d react with hydrazines affording, after removal from the solid support, fully substituted pyrazoledicarboxylic acids 12a–n. Optimization of the above sequence and the solid‐phase synthesis of a small test‐library of 1,5‐disubstituted pyrazole‐3,4‐dicarboxylic acid derivatives are described. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Turbo decoding of product codes for Gigabit per second applications and beyond
Authors: Cuevas Javier , Adde Patrick , Kerouedan Sylvie 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to present a new turbo decoding architecture for high data rates with strong error correction power. We present the latest results on the block turbo decoder designs of product codes, using extended BCH codes correcting one and three errors. We present the architecture for decoding the product code BCH (32,26,4) ⊗ BCH (32,26,4) as well as the architecture for decoding the product code BCH (128,106,8) ⊗ BCH (128,106,8). In both cases, we use the concept of a parallel decoding architecture which stores several data at the same memory address (RAM). The decoder designs are based on soft input‐soft output (SISO) decoding, processingm = 2, 4 and 8 data simultaneously in order to increase the data rate. By usingmelementary decoders processingmdata at the same time, this new architecture increases the data rate by a factorm2, the area of themelementary decoders being approximately increased by a factorm2/2. But this new architecture uses only one RAM for decoding while a traditional design usesmmemories. In this paper, we compare the most important characteristics of the new design with those of a traditional architecture. To compare the performance and complexity of the decoders, we use C language for behavioural simulations, VHDL for functional simulations and Synopsys Design Compiler for the synthesis. Copyright © 2005 AEIT.
Determination of activation temperature of glass bulb sprinklers using a thermal liquid bath
Authors: Khan Mohammed M. , Chaffee Jeffrey L. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractA thermal liquid bath was used to determine the activation temperature of a wide range of temperature rated (57–182°C) glass bulb (3 and 5 mm diameters) sprinklers using water and glycerine. An optical switch and a thermocouple were installed adjacent to each sprinkler (within 10 mm) to record the activation of each glass bulb in the liquid bath having a uniform temperature distribution (±0.5°C). All the tests for determining the activation temperatures of glass bulb sprinklers were conducted in the liquid bath using a 0.277°C/min rate of temperature rise. Based on a heat transfer analysis, this rate is within the maximum allowable rate of rise of water and glycerine temperatures, which allows the glass bulb temperature to closely follow the liquid temperature. The sprinkler activation temperature was evaluated in terms of percentage rating, which is expressed as the percent variation of the average activation temperature, as measured in the liquid bath, from the nominal rated temperature. Sprinklers (93°C rated or lower) activation temperatures in water were consistently within ±3.5% of rating. In glycerine, the activation temperatures of sprinklers rated between 93 and 182°C performed within 3.5% of their rating. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Further characterization of embryonic stem cell‐derived radial glial cells
Authors: Liour Sean S. , Kraemer Stacey A. , Dinkins Michael B. , Su Chen‐Ying , Yanagisawa Makoto , Yu Robert K. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractPreviously, we showed that radial glia‐like (RG) cells differentiated from embryonic stem (ES) cells after retinoic acid induction (Liour and Yu, 2003: Glia 42:109–117). In the present study, we demonstrate that the production of RG cells from ES cells is independent of the neural differentiation protocol used. These ES cell‐derived RG (ES‐RG) cells are similar in morphology to RG cells in vivo and express several characteristic RG cell markers. The processes of these ES‐RG cells are organized into radial arrays similar to the RG scaffold in developing CNS. Expression of Pax6, along with other circumstantial data, suggests that at least some of these ES‐RG cells are neural progenitors. The progression of neurogenesis into gliogenesis during the in vitro neural differentiation of ES cells recapitulates the in vivo developmental process. The identification of two cell surface markers, SSEA‐1 and GM1, on both the native embryonic RG cells and ES‐RG cells, may facilitate purification of radial glial cells for future studies and cell therapy. Overall, our study suggests that differentiation of radial glial cells is a common pathway during the neural differentiation of ES cells. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theta activity in neurons and networks of the amygdala related to long‐term fear memory
Authors: Pape Hans‐Christian , Narayanan Rajeevan T. , Smid Jan , Stork Oliver , Seidenbecher Thomas 
Published: September 2005

AbstractWith a combined in vitro/in vivo electrophysiological and behavioral approach, we have correlated conditioned fear behavior to electrophysiological activities in the lateral amygdala and the hippocampal formation in rodents. Data indicate that projection neurons in the lateral amygdala display a continuum of spike patterns including accommodating patterns, regular firing, and oscillatory activity at theta frequencies. The firing pattern is controlled to an important part by the intracellular cAMP system, in that an increase in intracellular cAMP concentration facilitates regular firing and theta oscillations. Oscillatory electrical activity, in turn, provides an important cellular element of synchronized theta activity at 4–8 Hz (indicating atropine‐sensitive type 2 theta) occurring in amygdalo‐hippocampal pathways during conditioned fear responses. This type of rhythmic network activity is associated with the retrieval of long‐term fear memory following cued and contextual fear conditioning, but is not related to the expression of fear behavior per se or to short‐term fear memory. Synchronization at theta frequencies is suggested to represent activity in amygdalo‐hippocampal pathways associated with system consolidation of fear memory, which is supported by the cholinergic system. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.