bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normal Doppler flow velocity waveforms in the fetal ductus arteriosus in the first half of pregnancy
Authors: Brezinka C. , Huisman T. W. H. , Stijnen T. , Wladimiroff J. W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDuctus arteriosus flow velocity patterns were studied in 298 women between 9 and 25 weeks of gestation using transvaginal or transabdominal Doppler ultrasound. Technically acceptable recordings were first obtained at 11 weeks resulting in 231 women for further analysis. Ductal waveforms show a significant change in shape from early pregnancy to mid‐pregnancy, in that end‐diastolic velocities are absent until 13 weeks, are present in 50% at 15 weeks and are present in all cases from 17 weeks. Regression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant linear increase with advancing gestational age for all flow velocity parameters except for the pulsatility index which remained stable during the entire study period. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Doppler ultrasound examination of fetal renal arteries
Authors: Zimmermann R. , Eichhorn K. H. , Huch A. , Huch R. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis study used color Doppler imaging to establish the normal values of the pulsatility index in the fetal renal arteries in a group of 304 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. The measurements were taken between 26 and 42 weeks of gestation. The median was 2.79 (95% confidence interval: 2.72–2.86) for 26 weeks' gestation, and it then fell linearly to 1.96 (95% confidence interval: 1.92–2.00) at 40 weeks. Compared with values published so far in the literature, the range was clearly smaller. These normal values could be used as a basis for further investigations on these vessels. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Evaluation of biophysical fetal assessment in high‐risk pregnancy to assess ultrasound parameters suitable for screening in the low‐risk population
Authors: Sim D. , Beattie R. B. , Dornan J. C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDuring a 1‐year period, 662 pregnant women at 24–43 weeks' gestation were referred to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, at the Queens University Belfast, for fetal assessment because they were clinically suspected to be at high risk of perinatal complications. The results of our investigations were made available to the referring obstetricians who undertook the further management of the pregnancies. Subsequently six pregnancies resulted in perinatal deaths and 97 (14.7%) in the delivery of small‐for‐gestational‐age infants. We restrospectively analyzed the data from ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetus and subjective and objective assessments of the amniotic fluid volume to determine their value in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. A fetal abdominal circumference < 10th centile for gestation or a subjectively reduced amniotic fluid volume identified 87 (90%) of small‐for‐gestational‐age infants and five of the six perinatal deaths. When comparing the abdominal circumference and subjective liquor volume, both were sensitive in predicting delivery of a small‐for‐gestational‐age fetus (sensitivity 86% vs. 53%, respectively) and perinatal death (sensitivity 50% vs. 83%, respectively). We suggest that, since assessments of these two factors are complementary in evaluating a high‐risk pregnancy and can be measured in under 5 min, they now warrant consideration for screening in a prospective randomized trial in an unselected low‐risk population. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sonographic dating of pregnancies conceived after contraceptive pill therapy
Authors: Waldenström U. , Axelsson O. , Nilsson S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA total of 358 women succeeded in conceiving in the first cycle after stopping oral contraception. The estimated day of delivery was calculated from both an ultrasonographically measured fetal biparietal diameter, in the second trimester, and from the date of the withdrawal bleed. According to the biparietal diameter measurement, the estimated day of delivery was postponed more than 1 week in 138 cases (38.5%). For 304 women who delivered after the spontaneous onset of labor, the biparietal diameter estimate gave the best prediction of the day of delivery in 175 cases (57.6%), the date of the withdrawal bleed gave the best estimate in 91 (29.9%) (p < 0.001) and they were equally good in 38 (12.5%). The estimated day of delivery using a biparietal diameter measurement was within ± 14 days of the day of delivery for 267 of these 304 women (87.8%). The corresponding figure for the withdrawal bleed date was 218 (71.7%) (p ≤ 0.001). According to the withdrawal bleed date estimate, 68 women (22.4%) delivered beyond the estimated 42 weeks, compared to only 2.6% according to the biparietal diameter estimate. The median length of a pregnancy from the first day of the withdrawal bleed was 286 days and from the biparietal diameter was 281 days. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
The use of the transvaginal automated spring‐loaded puncture device transabdominally
Authors: Timor‐Tritsch I. E. , Monteagudo A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTransabdominal use of a software integrated, automated, spring‐loaded transvaginal puncture device is described. This device allows accurate, high‐velocity needle placement into sonographically targeted areas under continuous direct vision without the use of local anesthesia. Successful use of the device in seven cases is described. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prenatally diagnosed testicular torsion
Authors: Gordon A. C. , Chamberlain P. F. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA case is reported of absent testis in a boy of 7 months who was noted to have a cystic intra‐abdominal mass at 18–19‐week prenatal ultrasound scan. This is the second report of prenatally detected testicular torsion, the previous case being noted much later in pregnancy. On both occasions, the diagnosis was only established after birth. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Measurement of limb circumferences with three‐dimensional ultrasound for fetal weight estimation
Authors: Favre R. , Nisand G. , Bettahar K. , Grange G. , Nisand I. , Romain F. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA large number of formulae have been published for fetal weight estimation. This study examines the possibility of using three‐dimensional ultrasound to measure the limb circumference. This technology provides us with the opportunity to visualize two simultaneous, orthogonal planes, allowing the exact determination of the transverse plane at the mid‐point of the limb. A total of 157 patients were scanned in the week prior to delivery. The following variables were measured in 154 fetuses: biparietal diameter, head circumference, transverse abdominal diameter, abdominal circumference, femur length, thigh circumference and arm circumference. The whole population was split into three subgroups according to the abdominal circumference centile (< 10th centile, 10–90th centile, and > 90th centile), because this single variable has the strongest correlation with neonatal weight (R = 0.901). With forward stepwise multiple regression analysis, four models were elaborated, one for the whole population and one for each subgroup. The small‐for‐dates fetuses need a targeted formula including only two variables, thigh circumference and femur length. Our data suggest that the thigh circumference measurement improves the estimation for growth‐retarded fetuses and that the arm circumference improves the weight prediction for the others. The measurement of the two variables, made possible with three‐dimensional ultrasound, has improved our results in fetal weight estimation. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
The sensitivity and specificity of subjective and a semi‐quantitative technique of amniotic fluid volume assessment in predicting intrapartum morbidity
Authors: Williams K. , Wittmann B. K. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of two techniques of amniotic fluid volume assessment to predict intrapartum morbidity in a high‐risk population. A total of 213 pregnant women at the Grace Maternity Hospital, Vancouver, Canada were examined ultrasonically and the amniotic fluid volume was assessed subjectively and using the amniotic fluid index. Both techniques showed high specificity and negative predictive values for all outcome measures, but had an associated poor sensitivity and positive predictive value. Both techniques were similar in their ability to identify situations involving intrapartum morbidity. It is concluded that amniotic fluid assessment is a weak predictor of intrapartum morbidity but may be useful in certain conditions such as when the pregnancy is post‐dates. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of primary ovarian pregnancy: case report
Authors: Atzori E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis case report describes the sonographic appearance of an ovarian pregnancy; at 7 weeks of gestation, transvaginal ultrasonography revealed an enlarged left ovary containing the gestational sac, yolk sac, and embryonic structures without heart activity. High‐frequency transvaginal ultra‐sound examination proved a useful diagnostic tool in this case of ovarian pregnancy. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Doppler velocimetry, placental morphology and outcome in insulin‐dependent diabetes
Authors: Bracero L. A. , Beneck D. , Schulman H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the underlying cause of abnormal umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in pregnancies complicated by insulin‐dependent diabetes, by evaluating placental morphology and correlating Doppler results with pregnancy outcome. Our study population consisted of 14 pregnancies with normal Doppler results and 11 pregnancies with abnormal Doppler results. Quantitative placental examinations were performed. Maternal and perinatal characteristics were analyzed. Infants from the abnormal Doppler group had a statistically significantly higher incidence than those from the normal Doppler group of hyperbilirubinemia, Cesarean delivery for fetal distress, and neonatal intensive care stay of 2 or more days. Women with abnormal Doppler results delivered earlier (36 vs. 38 weeks) and had infants of lower birth weight (3079 vs. 3629 g). They were also three times more likely to have poor glycemic control (relative risk = 3.2; p = 0.0067). The placentae of both groups showed no statistically significant dtfferences in placental weight, number of tertiary stem villi, number of small muscular arteries, or mean arterial width. Our findings suggest a functional rather than structural placental process as the cause of the abnormal Doppler results in pregnancies complicated by diabetes. An association between glycemic control and Doppler velocimetry is suggested. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sonographic findings and fetal chromosomal studies undertaken prenatally by fetal blood sampling using cordocentesis
Authors: Murotsuki J. , Tanigawara S. , Uehara S. , Okamura K. , Yajima A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPrenatal karyotyping was carried out on 206 pregnancies with sonographic abnormalities, including fetal malformations, growth retardation and disorders of the amniotic fluid volume. Overall, chromosomal aberrations were detected in 37 cases (18.0%), but the frequency of chromosomal aberrations was 8.2% in fetuses with a single anomaly and 52.7% in fetuses with multiple anomalies. The chromosomal risk was very high in malformations associated with growth retardation (81.8%) or with both growth retardation and disorders of the amniotic fluid volume (82.4%). High rates of chromosomal aberrations were observed in cases of heart anomalies, diaphragmatic hernia, urinary tract obstruction, hydrocephalus, intestinal atresia, abdominal wall defect and fetal effusion/hydrops. In fetuses at high risk of chromosomal aberrations, cordocentesis for rapid karyotyping is justified in the second or third trimester. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Uteroplacental resistance index: analysis of intra‐ and interobserver variability
Authors: Bewley S. , Chang T. C. , Campbell S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the intra‐ and interobserver variability of second‐trimester uteroplacental continuous‐wave flow velocity waveforms. The left and right uterine and arcuate resistance indices were measured in women having their routine booking scan at 16–24 weeks' gestation. Four experiments assessed the intra‐observer between‐frame variability, the intraobserver beat‐to‐beat variability, the intraobserver temporal variability, and the interobserver variability, using the limits‐of‐agreement method. The intraobserver between‐frame variability was greater than the beat‐to‐beat variability at three of the four sites. The temporal variability was not significantly different between sites. There were wide interobserver limits of agreement with respect to the reference ranges, although they were greater at arcuate sites than uterine sites. These observations suggest that the reproducibility of the resistance index in continuous wave Doppler uteroplacental flow velocity waveforms is poor, particularly from arcuate sites. The uterine site is preferable and descriptive analysis may be better. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Magnetic resonance imaging in pregnancy: study of fetal cerebral malformations
Authors: Resta M. , Greco P. , D'Addario V. , Florio C. , Dardes N. , Caruso G. , Spagnolo P. , Clemente R. , Vimercati A. , Selvaggi L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis paper reports 15 examinations by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed in pregnant women whose fetuses had cerebral malformations identified by sonography. In all the cases the fetuses were immobilized by ultrasound‐guided intravenous or intramuscular curarization.The diagnoses by MRI and ultrasound differed only in one case where an occipital meningocele had first been suggested. No cerebral abnormalities were demonstrated in this case by the MRI study, and this was confirmed at birth. In the remaining 14 cases, MRI confirmed the ultrasound diagnosis of cerebral malformation. In four of these cases, MRI added some additional information to the ultrasound diagnosis of ventriculomegaly by detecting agenesis of the corpus callosum in two fetuses, one Chiari malformation and one triventricular hydrocephalus. Another two ultrasound diagnoses of microcephaly actually proved to be semilobar holoprosencephaly with MRI. In the following cases, the MRI diagnoses concurred with those of ultrasound, and was therefore used unnecessarily despite providing further anatomical details of the lesions: two cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum, one case of anencephaly, a cystic hygroma of the neck, an alobar holoprosencephaly, a Dandy–Walker malformation and a mild isolated hydrocephalus associated with diaphragmatic hernia. In one case of iniencephaly, sonography offered closer approximation to the correct diagnosis.The results obtained unequivocally confirm the high sensitivity of ultrasound examinations in the prenatal screening of cerebral malformations and show that MRI proves to be complementary in uncertain cases or when more accurate anatomical detail is required. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Is oligohydramnios a risk factor for infection in term premature rupture of membranes?
Authors: Romero R. , Gomez R. , Galasso M. , Salafia C. , Yoon B. H. , Behnke E. , Cotton D. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOur objective was to determine if a reduced volume of amniotic fluid is a risk factor for microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in women with rupture of membranes at term. Transabdominal amniocentesis under ultrasound guidance was used to evaluate the microbiological state of the amniotic cavity in 53 patients with term premature rupture of membranes before vaginal examination. Amniotic fluid index was measured prior to the procedure in all cases. The prevalence of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity was 32.1% (17/53). Women with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity had a significantly lower median amniotic fluid index than did women without evidence of infection (median 4.4 cm, range 1.0–8.1 vs. median 7.8 cm, range 1.3–14.4, respectively; p < 0.001). An amniotic fluid index of < 5 cm had a sensitivity of 71% (12/17) a specificity of 89% (32/36), a positive predictive value of 75% (12/16) and a negative predictive value of 87% (32/37) in the prediction of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity. Among women who delivered vaginally, those with an amniotic fluid index of < 5 cm had a higher rate of endometritis than those with an amniotic fluid index of ≥ 5 cm (19% (3/16) vs. 0% (0/26), respectively; p < 0.05). We conclude that women with term premature rupture of membranes and an amniotic fluid index of < 5 cm are at an increased risk for microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and puerperal infection after a vaginal delivery. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Doppler flow velocity waveforms in the fetal ductus arteriosus during the first half of pregnancy: a reproducibility study
Authors: Brezinka C. , Stijnen T. , Wladimiroff J. W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractReproducibility of flow velocity waveform measurement in the fetal ductus arteriosus was studied in 52 normal pregnancies between 11 and 25 weeks of gestation. The flow velocity parameters studied were the peak systolic velocity, mean velocity, end‐diastolic velocity, flow velocity integral and acceleration time. In each woman two consecutive measurements were performed with a time delay of 15 min. An acceptable reproducibility was achieved for all flow velocity parameters, except for the acceleration time and end‐diastolic velocity. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Ultrasonic antepartum assessment of a classical Cesarean uterine scar and diagnosis of dehiscence
Authors: Avrech O. M. , Weinraub Z. , Herman A. , Ariely S. , Tovbin Y. , Bukovsky I. , Caspi E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPrior classic incision through the uterine corpus carries the most significant risk of catastrophic uterine rupture and subsequent maternal and fetal morbidity or mortality. A trial of labor is not carried out in this group of patients, but the risk of uterine rupture exists during the antepartum period. An accurate and prospective method for diagnosing the presence of uterine defects or documenting their absence would be clinically useful. Our unusual case emphasizes the obvious need for antepartum sonographic scans of the classic uterine scar, starting from the third trimester to term, using the high‐frequency (> 5 MHz) transducer. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Doppler studies of fetal cerebral blood flow
Authors: Degani S. , Lewinsky R. M. , Shapiro I. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDoppler flow velocity waveforms from fetal cerebral vessels can be reliably obtained by a transabdominal or transvaginal scanning route. Changes in pulsatility imply alterations in cerebral impedance and reflect the physiological regulatory mechanisms underlying pathological processes during pregnancy. In fetuses severely distressed due to failure of placental function, the ratios reflecting the redistribution of fetal circulation (e.g. the ‘brain‐sparing effect’) help to identify fetuses at risk for fetal hypoxia.Apart from providing an increase in medical knowledge, this non‐invasive technique is proving to be clinically useful. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Does measurement of amniotic fluid index detect changes in amniotic fluid volume after second‐trimester amniocentesis?
Authors: Cacciatore C. , Rizzo G. , Pietropolli A. , Capponi A. , Bufalino L. , Arduini D. , Romanini C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe objective of this study was to establish whether variations of amniotic fluid volume induced by second‐trimester amniocentesis could be detected by serial measurements of amniotic fluid index. A total of 130 singleton pregnancies undergoing second‐trimester amniocentesis for genetic indications were considered. Amniotic fluid index was measured at three different time intervals: 30–60 min before amniocentesis, immediately after the procedure, and 60 min after the procedure. Serial measurements were obtained either by a single operator (n = 55) or by the three independent operators (n = 75).Significantly lower amniotic fluid index values were demonstrated immediately after amniocentesis when compared with the pre‐amniocentesis and subsequent measurements in the study design with both the single and multiple operators. No statistically significant changes were found between the first amniotic fluid index measurements and those obtained 1 h after amniocentesis.These results suggest that second‐trimester amniocentesis induces a temporary decrease of amniotic fluid volume detectable by serial amniotic fluid index measurements, no longer evident 1 h after the procedure. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Use of transvaginal ultrasonography with color Doppler imaging to determine an appropriate treatment regimen for uterine fibroids with a GnRH agonist before surgery: a preliminary study
Authors: Creighton S. , Bourne T. H. , Lawton F. G. , Crayford T. J. B. , Vyas S. , Campbell S. , Collins W. P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aim was to obtain data that could be used to determine the most appropriate treatment regimen for uterine fibroids with a gonadotropin releasing hormone analog (goserelin) before surgery. Fifteen premenopausal women (aged 27–53 years; mean 40 years) were referred from a gynecological outpatients' clinic. They all had uterine fibroids and were awaiting hysterectomy or myomectomy. All women were scheduled to receive an implant of goserelin (3.6 mg), undergo transvaginal ultrasonography and have a sample of peripheral blood taken at monthly intervals for 6 months. The main outcome measures were fibroid size and indices of blood flow (the pulsatility index and peak systolic velocity) in both uterine arteries and the principal artery supplying the largest fibroid. The concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone and progesterone were measured in peripheral plasma. Twelve women (80%) completed 2 months of treatment, but only three (20%) completed the study (due to side‐effects of the drug). After 2 months of treatment, the plasma hormone levels were all in the low‐normal range; the mean fibroid volume had decreased by 53% and the mean peak systolic blood velocity in the fibroid artery had decreased by 45%. Mean changes in all indices were < 10% over the next 4 months of treatment. Six women (40%) had fibroids with an initial volume of > 100 ml; these tumors showed the largest reduction in size. We conclude that women with a uterine fibroid of > 100 ml are the best candidates for treatment with goserelin (3.6 mg/month) before surgery. Two months' treatment effects a marked reduction in fibroid volume and blood flow and is associated with good compliance. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology