bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DFT insights into LaFeO3 with Mn substitution: A promising path to energy‐efficient magneto‐optical applications
Authors: Tariq Saad , Alrashdi Ayash O , Al Bahir Areej , Gilani S. M. Sohail , Hamioud Farida , Mubarak A. A. , Ahmed Afaq , Saad H.‐E M. Musa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the demand for electronic materials has significantly increased, driven by industrial needs and the pursuit of cost‐efficient alternatives. This comprehensive study investigates the effects of Mn substitution on LaFeO3 through the implementation of the GGA approach in density functional theory. The research findings demonstrate remarkable consistency with the experimental outcomes reported in the existing literature pertaining to the studied compounds. However, this study unveils novel insights into the mechanical and optical characteristics of the doped structures, which have not been previously reported. The structural stability is rigorously examined through multiple stability criteria, encompassing structural optimization, tests of elastic stability, and enthalpy of formation calculations. Furthermore, the electronic and optical properties of the compounds exhibit exceptional improvements in conductivity and reflectivity as a result of the doping process. The band structure analysis reveals the presence of a Moss‐Burstein shift. Investigation of the magnetic properties indicates an increase in the magnetic moment value due to the Fe‐Mn degeneracy resulting from increased Mn content. Mechanical analysis of the elastic moduli B, G, and Y demonstrates an enhanced strength and metal‐like conductivity, attributed to the induced anharmonicity. Moreover, the internal strain factor suggests a higher degree of bond flexibility, implying potential applications of these compounds in flexible electronics.
miRNA profiling of granulosa cell‐derived exosomes reveals their role in promoting follicle development
Authors: Zhou Qilin , Liu Zhen , Liao Zhengdong , Zhang Yangzhuohan , Qu Mengyuan , Wu Fanggui , Tian Jingyan , Zhao Huan , Peng Qianwen , Zheng Wenchao , Huang Mingyuan , Yang Sheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo explore whether granulosa cell (GC)‐derived exosomes (GC‐Exos) and follicular fluid‐derived exosomes (FF‐Exos) have functional similarities in follicle development and to establish relevant experiments to validate whether GC‐Exos could serve as a potential substitute for follicular fluid‐derived exosomes to improve folliculogenesis. GC‐Exos were characterized. MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles of exosomes from human GCs and follicular fluid were analyzed in depth. The signature was associated with folliculogenesis, such as phosphatidylinositol 3 kinases‐protein kinase B signal pathway, mammalian target of rapamycin signal pathway, mitogen‐activated protein kinase signal pathway, Wnt signal pathway, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate signal pathway. A total of five prominent miRNAs were found to regulate the above five signaling pathways. These miRNAs include miRNA‐486‐5p, miRNA‐10b‐5p, miRNA‐100‐5p, miRNA‐99a‐5p, and miRNA‐21‐5p. The exosomes from GCs and follicular fluid were investigated to explore the effect on folliculogenesis by injecting exosomes into older mice. The proportion of follicles at each stage is counted to help us understand folliculogenesis. Exosomes derived from GCs were isolated successfully. miRNA profiles demonstrated a remarkable overlap between the miRNA profiles of FF‐Exos and GC‐Exos. The shared miRNA signature exhibited a positive influence on follicle development and activation. Furthermore, exosomes derived from GCs and follicular fluid promoted folliculogenesis in older female mice. Exosomes derived from GCs had similar miRNA profiles and follicle‐promoting functions as follicular fluid exosomes. Consequently, GC‐Exos are promising for replacing FF‐Exos and developing new commercial reagents to improve female fertility.
Functional modulation of lysophosphatidic acid type 2 G‐protein coupled receptor facilitates alveolar bone formation
Authors: Kim Tae‐Young , Kim Anna , Aryal Yam Prasad , Sung Shijin , Pokharel Elina , Neupane Sanjiv , Choi So‐Young , Ha Jung‐Hong , Jung Jae‐Kwang , Yamamoto Hitoshi , An Chang‐Hyeon , Suh Jo‐Young , Sohn Wern‐Joo , Lee Youngkyun , Jang Il‐Ho , Norman Derek D. , Tigyi Gabor J. , An Seo‐Young , Kim Jae‐Young 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLipid biosynthesis is recently studied its functions in a range of cellular physiology including differentiation and regeneration. However, it still remains to be elucidated in its precise function. To reveal this, we evaluated the roles of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in alveolar bone formation using the LPA type 2 receptor (LPAR2) antagonist AMG‐35 (Amgen Compound 35) using tooth loss without periodontal disease model which would be caused by trauma and usually requires a dental implant to restore masticatory function. In this study, in vitro cell culture experiments in osteoblasts and periodontal ligament fibroblasts revealed cell type‐specific responses, with AMG‐35 modulating osteogenic differentiation in osteoblasts in vitro. To confirm the in vivo results, we employed a mouse model of tooth loss without periodontal disease. Five to 10 days after tooth extraction, AMG‐35 facilitated bone formation in the tooth root socket as measured by immunohistochemistry for differentiation markers KI67, Osteocalcin, Periostin, RUNX2, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1) and SMAD2/3. The increased expression and the localization of these proteins suggest that AMG‐35 elicits osteoblast differentiation through TGF‐β1 and SMAD2/3 signaling. These results indicate that LPAR2/TGF‐β1/SMAD2/3 represents a new signaling pathway in alveolar bone formation and that local application of AMG‐35 in traumatic tooth loss can be used to facilitate bone regeneration and healing for further clinical treatment.
Extracellular matrix viscoelasticity regulates TGFβ1‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and apoptosis via integrin linked kinase
Authors: Sacco Jessica L. , Vaneman Zachary T. , Gomez Esther W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays important roles in health and disease. Previous studies have revealed that TGFβ1 activation, signaling, and downstream cell responses including epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis are regulated by the elasticity or stiffness of the extracellular matrix. However, tissues within the body are not purely elastic, rather they are viscoelastic. How matrix viscoelasticity impacts cell fate decisions downstream of TGFβ1 remains unknown. Here, we synthesized polyacrylamide hydrogels that mimic the viscoelastic properties of breast tumor tissue. We found that increasing matrix viscous dissipation reduces TGFβ1‐induced cell spreading, F‐actin stress fiber formation, and EMT‐associated gene expression changes, and promotes TGFβ1‐induced apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells. Furthermore, TGFβ1‐induced expression of integrin linked kinase (ILK) and colocalization of ILK with vinculin at cell adhesions is attenuated in mammary epithelial cells cultured on viscoelastic substrata in comparison to cells cultured on nearly elastic substrata. Overexpression of ILK promotes TGFβ1‐induced EMT and reduces apoptosis in cells cultured on viscoelastic substrata, suggesting that ILK plays an important role in regulating cell fate downstream of TGFβ1 in response to matrix viscoelasticity.
AdipoRon reduces TGFβ1‐mediated collagen deposition in vitro and alleviates knee stiffness in vivo
Authors: Dudakovic Amel , Limberg Afton K. , Bothun Cole E. , Dilger Oliver B. , Bayram Banu , Bettencourt Jacob W. , Salmons Harold I. , Thaler Roman , Karczewski Daniel C. , Owen Aaron R. , Iyer Varun G. , Payne Ashley N. , Carstens Mason F. , van Wijnen Andre J. , Berry Daniel J. , Sanchez‐Sotelo Joaquin , Morrey Mark E. , Abdel Matthew P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractArthrofibrosis, which causes joint motion restrictions, is a common complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Key features associated with arthrofibrosis include myofibroblast activation, knee stiffness, and excessive scar tissue formation. We previously demonstrated that adiponectin levels are suppressed within the knee tissues of patients affected by arthrofibrosis and showed that AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, exhibited anti‐fibrotic properties in human mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, the therapeutic potential of AdipoRon was evaluated on TGFβ1‐mediated myofibroblast differentiation of primary human knee fibroblasts and in a mouse model of knee stiffness. Picrosirius red staining revealed that AdipoRon reduced TGFβ1‐induced collagen deposition in primary knee fibroblasts derived from patients undergoing primary TKA and revision TKA for arthrofibrosis. AdipoRon also reduced mRNA and protein levels of ACTA2, a key myofibroblast marker. RNA‐seq analysis corroborated the anti‐myofibrogenic effects of AdipoRon. In our knee stiffness mouse model, 6 weeks of knee immobilization, to induce a knee contracture, in conjunction with daily vehicle (DMSO) or AdipoRon (1, 5, and 25 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injections were well tolerated based on animal behavior and weight measurements. Biomechanical testing demonstrated that passive extension angles (PEAs) of experimental knees were similar between vehicle and AdipoRon treatment groups in mice evaluated immediately following immobilization. Interestingly, relative to vehicle‐treated mice, 5 mg/kg AdipoRon therapy improved the PEA of the experimental knees in mice that underwent 4 weeks of knee remobilization following the immobilization and therapy. Together, these studies revealed that AdipoRon may be an effective therapeutic modality for arthrofibrosis.
Problematic mobile phone use as impulsive choice: Development and empirical verification of a reinforcer‐pathology model
Authors: Hayashi Yusuke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProblematic mobile phone use is characterized by its “impulsive” nature; users engage in it despite their negative attitude toward it. From a behavioral‐economic perspective, this attitude–behavior discrepancy is generated by competing contingencies that involve smaller‐sooner social reinforcers associated with mobile phone use and larger‐later prosocial reinforcers potentially compromised by phone use. Based on this conceptualization, the reinforcer‐pathology model of problematic mobile phone use is proposed, which posits that such phone use stems from excessive delay discounting of the social and prosocial reinforcers and/or excessive demand for the social reinforcers. A secondary data analysis of previously published studies was conducted, with the novel addition of principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of these data. The results generated evidence that supports the reinforcer‐pathology model proposed in this article. Based on the theoretical analyses and accumulated empirical evidence, theory‐driven prevention and intervention strategies for problematic mobile phone use are proposed. Overall, the reinforcer‐pathology model of problematic mobile phone use provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and addressing this growing issue.
Questionnaire survey of Japanese board‐certified expert hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgeons and instructors on the surgical indications for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Akahoshi Keiichi , Shindoh Junichi , Tanabe Minoru , Watanabe Shuichi , Takamizawa Hayato , Eguchi Susumu , Endo Itaru , Kubo Shoji , Taketomi Akinobu , Nagano Hiroaki , Nakamura Masafumi , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Hatano Etsuro , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Kokudo Norihiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecent advancements in systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) necessitate the establishment of resectability criteria for advanced HCC.MethodsA questionnaire survey sought to clarify the perspectives of Japanese expert hepatobiliary surgeons regarding surgical indications for HCC. Thirty‐one questions were used to determine when surgery is strongly recommended (resectable: R) or not recommended (unresectable: UR).ResultsA total of 351 responses were obtained. While 64.7% of the respondents considered solitary tumors as being R, irrespective of size, opinions diverged on the upper limit of the number of tumors/tumor size for R: (1) up to three nodules with no size limit (27.9%), (2) up to three nodules ≤5 cm in diameter each (21.4%) and (3) up to three nodules ≤3 cm in diameter each (19.4%). Vp1, Vp2, Vp3, and Vp4 were considered as being R by 90.9%, 70.7%, 39.0%, and 8.0% of respondents, respectively. Half of the respondents indicated they would consider resection even for cases with extrahepatic spread under limited conditions.ConclusionsThe current views of Japanese expert surgeons on the resectability criteria for HCC were clarified for the first time. The findings could serve as a basis for preparing expert consensus statements on the resectability criteria for HCC.
Are owls technically capable of making a full head turn?
Authors: Panyutina Aleksandra A. , Kuznetsov Alexander N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe three‐dimensional configuration of the neck that produces extreme head turn in owls was studied using the Joint Coordinate System. The limits of planar axial rotation (AR), lateral, and sagittal bending in each vertebral joint were measured. They are not extraordinary among birds, except probably for the extended ability for AR. The vertebral joint angles involved in the 360° head turn do not generally exceed the limits of planar mobility. Rotation in one plane does not expand the range of motion in the other, with one probable exception being extended dorsal bending in the middle of the neck. Therefore, the extreme 360° head turn can be presented as a simple combination of the three planar motions in the neck joints. Surprisingly, certain joints are always laterally bent or axially rotated to the opposite side than the head was turned. This allows keeping the anterior part of the neck parallel to the thoracic spine, which probably helps preserve the ability for peering head motions throughout the full head turn. The potential ability of one‐joint muscles of the owl neck, the mm. intertransversarii, to ensure the 360° head turn was addressed. It was shown that the 360° head turn does not require these muscles to shorten beyond the known contraction limit of striated vertebrate muscles. Shortening by 50% or less is enough for the mm. intertransversarii in the middle neck region for the 360° head turn. This study has broad implications for further research on vertebral mobility and function in a variety of tetrapods, providing a new method for CT scan‐based measurement of intervertebral angles.
Identifying Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy: A New Perspective from Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Wang Yisong , Yang Longtao , Shang Youlan , Huang Yijie , Ju Chao , Zheng Hairong , Zhao Wei , Liu Jun 
Published: December 2023

Type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a condition characterized by brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency and/or portal‐systemic blood shunting, which manifests as a broad spectrum of neurological or psychiatric abnormalities, ranging from minimal HE (MHE), detectable only by neuropsychological or neurophysiological assessment, to coma. Though MHE is the subclinical phase of HE, it is highly prevalent in cirrhotic patients and strongly associated with poor quality of life, high risk of overt HE, and mortality. It is, therefore, critical to identify MHE at the earliest and timely intervene, thereby minimizing the subsequent complications and costs. However, proper and sensitive diagnosis of MHE is hampered by its unnoticeable symptoms and the absence of standard diagnostic criteria. A variety of neuropsychological or neurophysiological tests have been performed to diagnose MHE. However, these tests are nonspecific and susceptible to multiple factors (eg, aging, education), thereby limiting their application in clinical practice. Thus, developing an objective, effective, and noninvasive method is imperative to help detect MHE. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a noninvasive technique which can produce many objective biomarkers by different imaging sequences (eg, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy, DWI, rs‐MRI, and arterial spin labeling), has recently shown the ability to screen MHE from NHE (non‐HE) patients accurately. As advanced MRI techniques continue to emerge, more minor changes in the brain could be captured, providing new means for early diagnosis and quantitative assessment of MHE. In addition, the advancement of artificial intelligence in medical imaging also presents the potential to mine more effective diagnostic biomarkers and further improves the predictive efficiency of MHE. Taken together, advanced MRI techniques may provide a new perspective for us to identify MHE in the future.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Systematic review on management of high‐output enterostomy in children: An urgent call for evidence
Authors: Stoop Thomas F. , van Bodegraven Eduard A. , ten Haaft Britte H. E. A. , van Etten‐Jamaludin Faridi S. , van Zundert Suzanne M. C. , Lambe Cécile , Tabbers Merit M. , Gorter Ramon R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectives/BackgroundHigh‐output stoma is one of the most common major morbidities in young children with an enterostomy that could lead to intestinal failure. Management of high‐output enterostomy in children is mostly based on personal experience. This systematic review aims to clarify the evidence‐based therapeutic approach of high‐output enterostomy in children.MethodsA systematic review was performed using Pubmed, Embase (Ovid), and Cochrane Library to identify studies published until March 20, 2023, following the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guideline. The study population comprised children (i.e., age <18 years) with high‐output enterostomy (i.e., jejuno‐, ileo‐, and/or colostomy), regardless of underlying aetiology. Interventions comprised any (non)pharmacological and/or surgical treatment. Interventions were compared with each other, placebos, and/or no interventions. Primary outcome was reduction of enterostomy output. Secondary outcomes were morbidity, mortality, quality of life, associated healthcare costs, and adverse events.ResultsThe literature search identified 4278 original articles of which 366 were screened on full text, revealing that none of the articles met the inclusion criteria.ConclusionThis first systematic review on management of high‐output enterostomy in children revealed that any evidence on the primary and secondary outcomes is lacking. There is an urgent need for evidence on conservative treatment strategies including fluid restrictions, dietary advices, oral rehydration solution, chyme re‐infusion, and pharmacological and surgical treatments of high‐output enterostomy in children, aiming to reduce the risk for short‐ and long‐term complications. Till more evidence is available, a systematic and multidisciplinary step‐up approach is needed. Therefore, a therapeutic work‐up is proposed that could guide the care.
Implementation and participation of an online nutrition curriculum for pediatric gastroenterology fellows
Authors: Jump Candi , Shaikhkhalil Ala , Smith Amber , Oliveira Stephanie B. , Chugh Ankur , Carey Alexandra , Goday Praveen S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOur team of nutrition experts developed an online nutrition curriculum consisting of 21 modules to serve as a resource for a stand‐alone nutrition curriculum or as a supplement to existing nutrition electives during the Pediatric Gastroenterology fellowship. From April 2020 through January 2023, 2090 modules were completed by 436 fellows from 75 different programs across North America. The program was accessed most during tight restrictions on in‐person learning during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Overall, participants posttest scores improved from baseline pretest scores indicating retention of information from the modules. The overall success of this program suggests that there should be continued efforts to develop and offer online learning opportunities in clinical nutrition. There is an opportunity to expand the audience for the curriculum to include pediatric gastroenterologists from across the globe.
Transnasal endoscopy ease score “TNEase score” to evaluate patient tolerance of unsedated transnasal endoscopy
Authors: Nguyen Nathalie , Pan Zhaoxing , Smith Clint , Friedlander Joel A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransnasal endoscopy (TNE) with virtual reality (VR) distraction allows for unsedated pediatric upper endoscopy. Understanding the pediatric population that is successful with TNE is imperative for patient selection and experience. We developed a “TNEase Score” to assess patient tolerance from the physician's assessment. The aim of this study was to identify factors that influence patient's acceptance and tolerability of sedation‐free TNE in pediatric patients undergoing the procedure. From March 2020 to April 2021, 110 TNEs were performed on subjects 5–22 years of age. The overall completion rate was 98.1%. Of these subjects, 66 subjects (60%) were graded by the gastroenterologist as TNEase Score 1 (with ease); 27 subjects (25%) were graded as TNEase Score 2 (minimal complaints); nine subjects (8%) were graded as TNEase score 3 (moderate complaints, required frequent reassurance); six subjects were graded as TNEase Score 4 (significant complaints and resistance); two subjects (2%) were graded as TNEase Score 5 (procedure terminated). Feasibility of TNE was significantly related to age, height, and whether the patient had undergone previous TNE. Thus, young age, shorter height, and first time TNE were significant predictors of higher TNEase score or difficulty tolerating TNE. Factors examined that did not predict higher TNEase score included gender, junior versus senior endoscopist, past medical history of anxiety, autism, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or history of using a nasal spray at home. “TNEase score” allowed grading of the subject's experience and the majority of patients tolerated TNE with minimal complaints.
Appendiceal mucinous neoplasm in adolescence: Diagnosis, management, and surveillance
Authors: Farrar Andrew , Blanco Paola , Fabbrini Abigail , Armstrong Lindsey , Metts Jonathan , Monforte Hector , Karjoo Sara , Danielson Paul , Wilsey Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis case report describes a 17‐year‐old patient with a low‐grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm. The patient presented with non‐bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. A colonoscopy revealed a cecal polypoid mass that required laparoscopic surgery. The residual appendix was dilated with myxoglobulosis and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of a low‐grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm staged pT3Nx. The potential risk of pseudomyxoma peritonei is a serious complication of these tumors. Surveillance plans include computed tomography abdomen and pelvis, and tumor markers every 6 months for the next 2 years. This case highlights the importance of considering appendiceal malignancy in patients with abdominal pain and weight loss, despite the rarity of the disease. It also emphasizes the need for careful monitoring due to the possible complications associated with these tumors. Treatment and prognosis for appendiceal neoplasms depend on the histopathologic characteristics, tumor‐nodes‐metastasis stage, tumor grade, and presence of peritoneal disease.