bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacial H2O Structure Matters: Realizing Stable Zinc Anodes with Trace Acesulfame‐K in Aqueous Electrolyte
Authors: Li Pengfei , Zhang Jie , Chen Yazhou , Zhang Li , Zhao Zhiwei , Peng Zhangquan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe stability of Zinc metal anodes (ZMAs) significantly limits the electrochemical performance and practical application of aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs). An efficient and economical solution is the use of trace additives. However, efforts on trace additives are sparse, and essential uncertainties remain concerning their role in the stabilization of ZMAs. Herein, a low‐cost ZnSO4‐based aqueous electrolyte containing trace amounts of Acesulfame‐K (AK) (only 1.0 mg mL−1) is reported, which effectively suppresses the parasitic reactions occurring on the ZMA surface to realize a dendrite‐free Zn2+ deposition process, an ultra‐long cycle life over 1600 h and a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.86%. Accordingly, the practical Zn//NH4V4O10 full cell with AK also exhibits a high discharge capacity and capacity retention. In situ spectroscopies coupled with theoretical calculations reveal that the trace AK tends to accumulate at the ZMA/electrolyte interface to alleviate electrolyte corrosion. More importantly, the adsorbed AK can regulate the interfacial H2O structures (i.e., disrupting the interfacial H‐bonds to form more isolated H2O) to reduce the proton/hydroxides transport, thus suppressing the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction and improving low‐temperature acclimation. This study provides design inspiration for trace additives expected to enable low‐cost and practical ZIBs with long lifespans.
Multifunctional On‐Demand Removability Hydrogel Dressing Based on in Situ Formed AgNPs, Silk Microfibers and Hydrazide Hyaluronic Acid for Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Chen Jueying , Zhao Xin , Qiao Lipeng , Huang Ying , Yang Yutong , Chu Dake , Guo Baolin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElevated temperatures can deactivate tissues in the burn wound area, allowing pathogenic bacteria to multiply on the wound surface, ultimately leading to local or systemic infection. An ideal burn dressing should provide antibacterial properties and facilitate painless dressing changes. Silk microfibers coated with poly (2, 3, 4‐trihydroxybenzaldehyde) (referred to as mSF@PTHB) to in situ reduce AgNO3 to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a hydrazide hyaluronic acid‐based hydrogel are utilized. The findings indicate a more homogeneous distribution of the silver elements compared to directly doped AgNPs, which also conferred antioxidant and antibacterial properties to the hydrogel. Moreover, hydrogels containing pH‐responsive dynamic acylhydrazone bonds can undergo a gel‐sol transition in a weak acid environment, leading to the painless removal of adhesive hydrogel dressings. Notably, the on‐demand replaceable self‐healing antioxidant hydrogel dressing exhibits antibacterial effects and cytocompatibility in vitro, and the wound‐healing performance of the hydrogel is validated by treating a burn mouse model with full‐thickness skin defects. It is demonstrated that hydrogel dressings offer a viable therapeutic approach to prevent infection and facilitate the healing of burn wounds.
A Modular Microfluidic Organoid Platform Using LEGO‐Like Bricks
Authors: Carvalho Daniel J. , Kip Anna M. , Tegel Andreas , Stich Matthias , Krause Christian , Romitti Mírian , Branca Carlotta , Verhoeven Bart , Costagliola Sabine , Moroni Lorenzo , Giselbrecht Stefan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe convergence of organoid and organ‐on‐a‐chip (OoC) technologies is urgently needed to overcome limitations of current 3D in vitro models. However, integrating organoids in standard OoCs faces several technical challenges, as it is typically laborious, lacks flexibility, and often results in even more complex and less‐efficient cell culture protocols. Therefore, specifically adapted and more flexible microfluidic platforms need to be developed to facilitate the incorporation of complex 3D in vitro models. Here, a modular, tubeless fluidic circuit board (FCB) coupled with reversibly sealed cell culture bricks for dynamic culture of embryonic stem cell‐derived thyroid follicles is developed. The FCB is fabricated by milling channels in a polycarbonate (PC) plate followed by thermal bonding against another PC plate. LEGO‐like fluidic interconnectors allow plug‐and‐play connection between a variety of cell culture bricks and the FCB. Lock‐and‐play clamps are integrated in the organoid brick to enable easy (un)loading of organoids. A multiplexed perfusion experiment is conducted with six FCBs, where thyroid organoids are transferred on‐chip within minutes and cultured up to 10 d without losing their structure and functionality, thus validating this system as a flexible, easy‐to‐use platform, capable of synergistically combining organoids with advanced microfluidic platforms.
Towards Negative Emissions: Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass for Sustainable Carbon Materials
Authors: Yu Shijie , He Jiangkai , Zhang Zhien , Sun Zhuohua , Xie Mengyin , Xu Yongqing , Bie Xuan , Li Qinghai , Zhang Yanguo , Sevilla Marta , Titirici Maria‐Magdalena , Zhou Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe contemporary production of carbon materials heavily relies on fossil fuels, contributing significantly to the greenhouse effect. Biomass is a carbon‐neutral resource whose organic carbon is formed from atmospheric CO2. Employing biomass as a precursor for synthetic carbon materials can fix atmospheric CO2 into solid materials, achieving negative carbon emissions. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) presents an attractive method for converting biomass into carbon materials, by which biomass can be transformed into materials with favorable properties in a distinct hydrothermal environment, and these carbon materials have made extensive progress in many fields. However, the HTC of biomass is a complex and interdisciplinary problem, involving simultaneously the physical properties of the underlying biomass and sub/supercritical water, the chemical mechanisms of hydrothermal synthesis, diverse applications of resulting carbon materials, and the sustainability of the entire technological routes. This review starts with the analysis of biomass composition and distinctive characteristics of the hydrothermal environment. Then, the factors influencing the HTC of biomass, the reaction mechanism, and the properties of resulting carbon materials are discussed in depth, especially the different formation mechanisms of primary and secondary hydrochars. Furthermore, the application and sustainability of biomass‐derived carbon materials are summarized, and some insights into future directions are provided.
Inorganic Phosphate as “Bioenergetic Messenger” Triggers M2‐Type Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Sun Xiaoqing , Li Zhiyu , Wang Xiang , He Jing , Wu Yao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe effects of calcium phosphate (CaP) materials on macrophage polarization state vary with their physicochemical properties. The study aims to elucidate the impact of phosphate ion‐mediated energy metabolism on M2 macrophage polarization and the corresponding regulatory mechanism. The phosphate ions released from CaP ceramic as bioenergetic factor is identified; its concentration is closely associated with the polarized state. After being taken up by the sodium‐dependent phosphate transporter 1, extracellular phosphate ions produce energy via oxidative phosphorylation by facilitating tricarboxylic acid flux, thereby contributing to M2 macrophage polarization. Further mechanistic analysis reveals that the elevation of the bioenergetic basis can drive macrophage M2 polarization via the AMP‐activated protein kinase‐mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK‐mTOR) axis. Another regulatory effect is that of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a signaling molecule. Intracellular ATP is released into the extracellular space and degraded to adenosine, which serves as a signaling molecule through the A2b adenosine receptor to activate the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway, thereby promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Overall, these findings may transform the existing knowledge on cell metabolism and energy homeostasis from bystanders to pivotal factors guiding M2 macrophage polarization and have implications for the future design of biomimetic CaP scaffolds.
Defect Engineering Promoted Ultrafine Ir Nanoparticle Growth and Sr Single‐Atom Adsorption on TiO2 Nanowires to Achieve High‐Performance Overall Water Splitting in Acidic Media
Authors: Zhu Heng , Wang Yongjie , Jiang Zhongqing , Deng Binglu , Xin Yue , Jiang Zhong‐Jie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis work reports the use of the metal‐support interaction strengthening through defect engineering and single atom adsorption to the supports to increase the catalytic activities of metals. Specifically, the plasma treated TiO2 nanowires with the Ir nanoparticle growth and the Sr single atom adsorption (the Ir@Sr‐p‐TiO2 NWs) are synthesized and demonstrated to be efficient catalysts for OER and HER. They only need overpotentials of 250 and 32 mV to drive 10 mA cm−2 for OER and HER, respectively. Their OER and HER activities are much higher than the commercial IrO2 and Pt/C. The high activities of the Ir@Sr‐p‐TiO2 NWs mainly arise from the strengthened metal‐support interactions between the Ir nanoparticles and the p‐TiO2 NWs, achieved by the plasma generated oxygen defects (Vo·) and the Sr adsorption on the p‐TiO2 NWs. Analysis and DFT calculations indicate that the Vo· and Sr adsorption can promote the charge transfer from the p‐TiO2 NWs to the Ir nanoparticles, optimizing the adsorptions of the OER and HER intermediates on the O‐ and H‐covered Ir nanoparticles. Additionally, the strong metal‐support interactions can increase the stabilities of the Ir NPs against the chemical corrosions, increasing the OER and HER durabilities of the Ir@Sr‐p‐TiO2 NWs.
Synergistic Coupling of Tribovoltaic and Moisture‐Enabled Electricity Generation in Layered‐Double Hydroxides
Authors: Sohn Sang‐Hyun , Choi Geon‐Ju , On Ba‐Da , Park Il‐Kyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUbiquitous energy harvesting technologies require new types of renewable, sustainable, and clean energy to solve the problems of fossil fuels. Although various nanogenerators have been developed over the last decade, low current density, requirements for complicated management circuits, generation of direct current (DC) outputs, and significant performance degradation under humid atmospheres have been problems limiting practical applications. This paper reports that the tribovoltaic and moisture‐enabled electricity generation effects can be achieved in a layered double hydroxide (LDH) by applying a metal brushing mode. The ZnAl‐LDH shows enhanced tribovoltaic nanogenerator (TVNG) performance even in a high‐humidity environment coupled with the moisture‐enabled electricity generated by the concentration gradient of a water molecule through the interlamellar structures of the LDHs. The spontaneous dissociation of water in the interior of LDHs removes the hole generated by the tribovoltaic effect, allowing high efficiency of an output voltage of 693.38 mV and current density of 65.48 mA m−2 even under low‐applied force (≈3.5 mN) at relative humidity 80%. The proposed TVNG provides a proof of concept for an all‐in‐one device consisting of a generator and capacitor because the LDH reveals a spontaneous charging performance similar to that of a capacitor.
RETRACTED: Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole/graphitic carbon nitride/niobium pentoxide nanocomposite for high‐performance energy storage applications
Authors: Xavier Joseph Raj 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGraphitic carbon nitride (GCN) has been employed as a supercapacitor electrode because of its high carbon‐to‐nitrogen ratio and flexible structure. However, its low surface area and poor conductivity continue to be obstacles for practical usage. GCN's electrochemical characteristics are enhanced by the hybrid structure it forms with polypyrrole and Nb2O5. The synthesized polypyrrole (Ppy)/GCN/niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) (Ppy/GCN/Nb2O5) nanocomposite electrode was tested for supercapacitance by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Alternating current impedance techniques in 6 M Potassium hydroxide(KOH) electrolyte. The Ppy/GCN/Nb2O5 is linked to a network of agglomerated GCN and Nb2O5 nanoparticles with additional spherical shapes. The specific capacitance of Ppy/GCN/Nb2O5 was determined to be 1177 Fg−1 at a current density of 5 Ag−1. The Ppy/GCN/Nb2O5 electrode in KOH has average specific energy and specific power densities of 33 Wh kg−1 and 2991 W kg−1, respectively. The electrode showed excellent capacitance‐retention ability of 97% after 10,000 cycles. The results demonstrate the high stability and efficient performance of the Ppy/GCN/Nb2O5 electrode employed in supercapacitors. The performance of the Ppy/GCN/Nb2O5 electrode was found to be superior to those reported for other carbon‐based materials.
Tuneable Vertical Hysteresis Loop Shift in Exchange Coupled La0.67Sr0.33MnO3‐SrRuO3 Bilayer
Authors: Bansal Manisha , Anna de h‐Óra Muireann , Akram Wasim , Giri Samir Kumar , Li Weiwei , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. , Maity Tuhin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHarnessing extra degrees of freedom at the heterostructure interface is of crucial importance to bring additional functionalities in modern spintronic devices. Here, a vertical hysteresis loop shift (vertical bias) is demonstrated in an exchange biased system of ferromagnetic thin film heterostructure of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (10 nm)‐SrRuO3 (SRO) (20 nm), after field cooling with ±1 T below 100 K close to the Curie temperature (TC) ≈125 K of SRO and loop sweeping under ±1 T field. Besides, a positive exchange bias (HEB) is also observed below TC ≈125 K showing a maximum ≈11 mT at 2 K. The vertical shift is modeled closely using micromagnetic simulations and the layers’ thickness dependency is demonstrated. The reason for the shift is attributed to the simultaneous role of the interfacial antiferromagnetic interaction and the hard anisotropy of SRO against the Zeeman energy. Finally, from the experimental and simulation results, a generalized model of controllable and tunable vertical shift is proposed applicable for other material systems possessing glassy phases, uncompensated/canted spins, absent interfacial exchange coupling, etc., and hence can be informative for the use of vertical shift in future spintronic devices.
Environmental drivers of flowering in the genus Zostera and spatio‐temporal variability of Zostera muelleri flowering in Australasia
Authors: Lekammudiyanse Manuja U. , Saunders Megan I. , Flint Nicole , Irving Andrew , Aiken Christopher , Clark Dana E. , Berthelsen Anna , Hindmarsh Breanna , Hooks Rachel , Connolly Rod M. , Sievers Michael , Rasheed Michael A. , Smith Timothy M. , Glasby Tim M. , Sherman Craig D. H. , Jackson Emma L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Seed‐based seagrass restoration strategies demand precise understanding of the environmental drivers influencing flowering. Flowering varies across diverse spatial and temporal scales, yet environmental drivers' effects on these dynamics have received less attention. Lack of knowledge regarding this life‐history stage limits the advancement of seed‐based restoration efforts, especially the establishment of shore‐based seagrass nurseries to enhance seed production.
A systematic literature review on the flowering of the genus Zostera was conducted to develop a conceptual model that links influential environmental drivers with flowering. Additionally, a case study using existing survey data supplemented by additional field surveys was designed to explore the spatio‐temporal variability of flowering along the latitudinal gradient in Australasia for the species Zostera muelleri. Predictive models for flowering times were developed using regional climatic variables, following hypotheses generated from long‐term mesocosm observations.
The review identified the direct and/or indirect effects of temperature, light, tidal variation, nutrients, salinity and grazing pressure on flowering dynamics. Four categories of flowering variables were identified based on their implications on restoration, namely, timing, abundance, the ratio between reproductive and vegetative growth and morphological characteristics. The spathe densities varied significantly among sites along the latitudinal gradient. While first (r2 = 0.71) and peak (r2 = 0.68) flowering times showed significant correlation with latitude, first flowering was equally predicted by mean winter air temperature and mean winter solar radiation (r2 = 0.73), whereas peak flowering time was best predicted by mean winter air temperature (r2 = 0.60).
Accurate predictions of flowering times can improve conservation outcomes by enabling restoration practitioners to forecast flowering times and subsequent wild seed harvesting. The strong correlation between flowering times and climatic variables suggests future shifts in flowering times under climate change are likely, which is crucial knowledge for maintaining the contribution of restoration projects to seagrass conservation.
Exosomal miR‐122, miR‐128, miR‐200, miR‐298, and miR‐342 as novel diagnostic biomarkers in NAFL/NASH: Impact of LPS/TLR‐4/FoxO3 pathway
Authors: Samy Ahmed M. , Kandeil Mohamed A. , Sabry Dina , Abdel‐Ghany A. A. , Mahmoud Mohamed O. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disorder affecting a quarter of the global residents. Progression of NAFL into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may cause cirrhosis, liver cancer, and failure. Gut microbiota imbalance causes microbial components translocation into the circulation, triggering liver inflammation and NASH‐related fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression via repressing target genes. Exosomal miRNAs are diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for NAFL and NASH liver damage. Our work investigated the role of the gut microbiota in NAFLD pathogenesis via the lipopolysaccharide/toll‐like receptor 4/Forkhead box protein O3 (LPS/TLR‐4/FoxO3) pathway and certain miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers for NAFL or its development to NASH. miRNA expression levels were measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) in 50 NAFL patients, 50 NASH patients, and 50 normal controls. Plasma LPS, TLR‐4, adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPAR‐γ), and FoxO3 concentrations were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In NAFL and NASH patients, miR‐122, miR‐128, FoxO3, TLR‐4, LPS, and PPAR‐γ were upregulated while miR‐200, miR‐298, miR‐342, and adiponectin were downregulated compared with the normal control. The examined miRNAs might distinguish NAFL and NASH patients from the normal control using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Our study is the first to examine these miRNAs in NAFLD. Our findings imply that these are potentially promising biomarkers for noninvasive early NAFL diagnosis and NASH progression. Understanding the LPS/TLR‐4/FoxO3 pathway involvement in NAFL/NASH pathogenesis may aid disease management.
Bauen mit R‐Beton – Auswirkungen auf die Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbetonbauteilen
Authors: Sinning Annkathrin , Adam Viviane , Claßen Martin , Hegger Josef 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNeben der drastischen Reduktion von CO2‐Emissionen bei der Zementherstellung ist ein effizienter Umgang mit knapper werdenden natürlichen Ressourcen wie Sand und Kies unumgänglich, um die Betonindustrie umweltfreundlicher zu gestalten. In diesem Zusammenhang erscheint die Verwendung rezyklierter Gesteinskörnung als sinnvolle Alternative zu natürlicher Gesteinskörnung in herkömmlichem Beton. Seit 1998 ist der Einsatz rezyklierter Gesteinskörnung in Konstruktionsbeton in Deutschland nach der Richtlinie des Deutschen Ausschusses für Stahlbeton (DAfStb) möglich. In der Neuauflage des Eurocode 2 (FprEC2) werden erstmals Regelungen für die Verwendung von Beton mit rezyklierter Gesteinskörnung (R‐Beton) aufgenommen. In diesem Beitrag wird zunächst auf die Eigenschaften von R‐Beton im Vergleich zu Beton mit natürlicher Gesteinskörnung eingegangen. Anschließend werden die aktuellen Regelungen zur Bemessung einander gegenübergestellt und ein Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschung gegeben, die nicht nur den Ressourcenschutz, sondern auch die wirksame Reduktion der CO2‐Emissionen in der Betonproduktion im Fokus hat.
Transitioning from static to suspension culture system for large‐scale production of xeno‐free extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: dos Santos Natália Cristine Dias , Bruzadelle‐Vieira Paula , de Cássia Noronha Nádia , Mizukami‐Martins Amanda , Orellana Maristela Delgado , Bentley Maria Vitória L. B. , Covas Dimas Tadeu , Swiech Kamilla , Malmegrim Kelen Cristina Ribeiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown increasing therapeutic potential in the last years. However, large production of EV is required for therapeutic purposes. Thereby, scaling up MSC cultivation in bioreactors is essential to allow culture parameters monitoring. In this study, we reported the establishment of a scalable bioprocess to produce MSC‐EV in suspension cultures using spinner flasks and human collagen‐coated microcarriers (3D culture system). We compared the EV production in this 3D culture system with the standard static culture using T‐flasks (2D culture system). The EV produced in both systems were characterized and quantify by western blotting and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The presence of the typical protein markers CD9, CD63, and CD81 was confirmed by western blotting analyses for EV produced in both culture systems. The cell fold‐increase was 5.7‐fold for the 3D culture system and 4.6‐fold for the 2D culture system, signifying a fold‐change of 1.2 (calculated as the ratio of fold‐increase 3D to fold‐increase 2D). Furthermore, it should be noted that the total cell production in the spinner flask cultures was 4.8 times higher than that in T‐flask cultures. The total cell production in the spinner flask cultures was 5.2‐fold higher than that in T‐flask cultures. While the EV specific production (particles/cell) in T‐flask cultures (4.40 ± 1.21 × 108 particles/mL, p < 0.05) was higher compared to spinner flask cultures (2.10 ± 0.04 × 108 particles/mL, p < 0.05), the spinner flask culture system offers scalability, making it capable of producing enough MSC‐EV at a large scale for clinical applications. Therefore, we concluded that 3D culture system evaluated here serves as an efficient transitional platform that enables the scaling up of MSC‐EV production for therapeutic purposes by utilizing stirred tank bioreactors and maintaining xeno‐free conditions.