bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wilde and Huysmans
Authors: Murphet Julian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 5 turns to consider the Decadent novellas of the 1890s as major stations of the sudden evolution of modern character. The fictions of Huysmans, Stevenson, and Wilde all consecrate a new norm of characterology: the bachelor-machine with his compulsive connoisseurship over his own affective surplus. The abstractions made possible by the relinquishment of the marriage plot and almost all narrative action allow characters to drift free from means-ends rationality into an uncharted realm of infinitely sub-divisible roles and masks, and in the name of a ruthless new quest for experience itself. In The Picture of Dorian Gray, an entire allegory is elaborated on the subject of character: its faciality, its iconicity, its experience, and its derivation from aesthetic sources. Wilde’s efforts in this tale are far more radical than they are generally given credit for.
Egerton
Authors: Murphet Julian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The ‘New Woman’ emerged as a social imago at the end of the nineteenth century, and in Chapter 9, we see what the woman who called herself ‘George Egerton’ did with it in two highly experimental collections of short stories. We find that it provided her with a readymade frame on which to construct unprecedented mappings of a very specific modern female subjectivity: inconsistent, subject to impersonal affective vibrations, rootless, itinerant, and open to strange new ‘becomings’ for which little in the literary record had prepared her readers. While not entirely uncoupled from the heterosexual plot, these New Women (and the ‘fallen women’ whose sad tales they often recount) achieve sufficient autonomy to surmount regional, national, and religious prejudices and absorb an oceanic imaginary.
Chopin and Wharton
Authors: Murphet Julian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The disintegration of personality undertaken in the major novels by Edith Wharton and Kate Chopin in this period are the subject of Chapter 10. Yet again, we find their protagonists withheld from decisive action but subject to immense internal recalibrations, as their separation as agents from the usual plot mechanics suspends them over vortices of affective possibility and becomings. In each, the outer limit of the social field betokened by working-class and Black ‘minor characters’ seeps back into the narrative space as a characterological void spinning with new and nameless potentials. For Chopin, ‘life’s delirium’ is a disintegrative power that decomposes her protagonist’s firmly set character and plot; while for Wharton, the costs involved in maintaining Lily Bart’s social salience and brilliance are so high that they tip her over into insignificance, dinginess, and anonymity.
Papyrus
Authors: Goldschmidt Nora 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 1 opens with the most basic of writing materials: papyrus, the precursor of modern paper on which most ancient texts were written. The story begins in 1896, when two Oxford scholars, Bernard Grenfell and Arthur Hunt, went to the Egyptian city of el‐Bahnasa, known in antiquity as Oxyrhynchus, where they discovered mounds of torn papyri containing scraps of ancient Greek texts that had not been read for thousands of years, including fragments of the Archaic lyric poet Sappho. Promoted on multiple platforms – daily newspapers, popular novels, music hall songs – the myth of Grenfell and Hunt and the Oxyrhynchus papyri they published gripped the public imagination and infiltrated modernist writing. Papyrus became integral to avant-garde literary experimentation, from Ezra Pound’s ‘Papyrus’ to Papyrus: A Magazine of Individuality, and from the ‘rubbages’ of Finnegans Wake to the litter of Eliot’s The Waste Land and Hope Mirrlees’ Paris: A Poem. But modernism, in turn, also shaped the ways in which fragmentary classical texts were presented and construed by the new papyrologists and their audiences. As modernist poetry assimilated the papyrological mise-en-page with its absence-marking gaps, dots, and brackets, the new fragmentary aesthetic it was promoting fed back into classical scholarship to transform Sappho herself into a modernist fragment poet.
Modernism and the Museum
Authors: Goldschmidt Nora 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 4 turns to the material fragments of ancient Greek sculpture in the modern museum and their influence on modernist sculpture. It focuses specifically on the British Museum, which functioned not only as the de facto workshop of several modernist writers but as the source of inspiration for some of the most radical visual artists of the period: Jacob Epstein (who was also a vocal critic of the museum’s curatorial practices) and Henri Gaudier-Brzeska. Despite their radical modernist credentials, these artists continued to turn to the fragments of classical sculpture in the museum collections. Moreover, the fragments they produced also helped to instigate a revolution in the display practices of the museum itself. Seduced by the turn to the fragment unfolding around them, the classical scholars working behind the scenes at the museum began to re-evaluate their own display practices, advocating the removal of the plaster ‘completions’ which had been added to the fragmentary pieces in the collection. The results changed the ways in which fragmentary classical sculpture is displayed in the British Museum – and ultimately the fabric of the building itself.
Afterword
Authors: van Pelt Nadia T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This book presents new and understudied sources that allow us to revisit current understandings of Tudor culture. It features a dialogue across languages, geographical barriers, and scholarly disciplines. The interdisciplinary approach as applied in this book means that the performance of music, drama, ritual, food, and dress are studied to reveal the social, political, and religious issues which informed such cultural expressions. The major conclusion of the book concerns its methodology: aiming to give a nuanced account of English matters from different European perspectives, the readings in this book function as demonstrations of what Tudor scholarship has, at times, missed out on, and presents avenues for further investigation.
Truth and Intrinsic Value
Authors: Wrenn Chase B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter addresses the idea that a claim’s truth makes states of believing it good in an intrinsic, underived way. They are good simply in virtue of the fact that they are states of believing something true. It is argued that truth does not confer intrinsic value on beliefs. Still, there is a sense in which we ought to value truth “intrinsically”, and it is entirely compatible with the Strong Virtue Theory. After clarifying the relevant notion of intrinsic value, the chapter makes the case against truth’s being an intrinsic good. The case has two parts. First, it is argued that no amount of true belief is intrinsically better than any amount of any other intrinsic good. Second, it is argued that the best explanation for that fact is that truth confers no intrinsic value on beliefs. The chapter concludes with by showing that truth need not be an intrinsic good to be something we should care about for its own sake.
Introduction
Authors: Mendonça Ricardo F. , Filgueiras Fernando , Almeida Virgílio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter presents the problems and structure of the book, in a way that invites the reader to understand the fundamental ideas that will be presented in the following chapters. The central argument of the book is that algorithms are not only changing existing institutions, but can, themselves, be conceived of as institutions in the extent to which they frame contexts of interactions, create pathways to development, inducing or constraining certain behaviours with collective consequences. Algorithms are reshaping the conditions for actions in many contexts, as they structure rules, norms, and meanings grounding social action. In this book we build a political theory of algorithms as institutions, initiating a research agenda on the impacts of algorithmic institutions on contemporary society, especially for democracy.
Algorithms as Institutions
Authors: Mendonça Ricardo F. , Filgueiras Fernando , Almeida Virgílio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter advances the book’s premise: algorithms are a contemporary type of institution. First, the chapter defines algorithms and discusses how algorithmic systems are changing societies. It then explores how algorithms resemble other institutions—for example, algorithm-based technologies operate as vectors that create norms and rules for influencing individual behaviour with collective outcomes. Algorithmic systems shape human behaviour by assigning meanings, obligations, permissions, or resources to human actions in opaque ways. Algorithms also create orders—and stabilizing processes—grounded on power relations; and yet algorithms do not exist or govern independently from human action. With humans still playing a major role in making political and moral choices, Algorithmic Institutionalism offers a way to make sense of these processes. This chapter also considers how Algorithmic Institutionalism provides a complex approach capable of overcoming four attractive dichotomies: animism versus instrumentalism; structure versus agency; collective versus individual; and determinism versus novelty.
Security in Algorithmic Times
Authors: Mendonça Ricardo F. , Filgueiras Fernando , Almeida Virgílio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 3 focuses on a more specific subfield of algorithmic usage: security. The cases of predictive policing, extensive use of facial-recognition technologies, and development of lethal autonomous weapons illustrate a multitude of social dilemmas related to the growing algorithmization of security. Algorithmic technologies employed in security are building a new type of Leviathan in which private organizations perform public functions. Algorithms are becoming institutions that implement security policies, thereby changing the routines of the state’s coercive forces. In many situations, algorithms create authoritarian, unfair, and exclusionary practices, impacting negatively on society. Algorithmic systems applied to security imply new dynamics of action and resistance. This chapter employs the six dimensions of the Algorithmic Institutionalism framework to discuss several examples related to the emergence of security assemblages.
Redesigning Governments through Algorithmic Systems
Authors: Mendonça Ricardo F. , Filgueiras Fernando , Almeida Virgílio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 4 explores how organizations promoting algorithmic systems during crises result in government platformization. Digital transformation toolkits lead to digital governments by design, fostering processes of mimesis and similar normative structures. This institutional isomorphism driven by algorithmic systems affects a global power dynamic that shapes the actions of public administrations and creates new dynamics of policy steered by data and the capacity to influence situations, scripts, and frames. Algorithmic systems are at the heart of governmental structures’ redesign, changing routines of public administration and processes of policy formulation and implementation. This chapter investigates how critical public decisions had a deep impact on society’s access to welfare programmes in the Covid-19 pandemic. Automated algorithmic systems play a central role in the way governments solve problems, but they also reinforce and may amplify inequalities. This chapter employs the six dimensions of the Algorithmic Institutionalism framework to study examples of algorithmic systems transforming public administration.
Algorithms and Politics
Authors: Mendonça Ricardo F. , Filgueiras Fernando , Almeida Virgílio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 6 argues that algorithmic systems are institutions deeply connected to moving in the direction of epistocratic regimes, where technical knowledge is seen as the grounds to overcome politics and democracy. Algorithms play an essential role in shaping technical decisions and power relations. People use systems that influence how they work, communicate, consume, participate in the public sphere, build public goods, appreciate culture, and build social relationships. Likewise, algorithms create new forms of injustice, dilemmas, and problems. Chapter 6 argues that democracies’ survival requires algorithms’ democratization as central institutions. This should be thought of as a normative horizon that guides practices and allows continuous criticism of existing institutions. Algorithms must be inserted in political dynamics orientated by the values of participation, equality, pluralism, accountability, public debate, and liberty. Democratization should be conceptualized not as an end state but as an ongoing process that revolves around democracy adapting to ever-changing contexts.
Climate Change and Labour Migration
Authors: Draper Jamie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines labour migration as an adaptive response to the impacts of climate change. Social scientific evidence suggests that labour migration can function as a form of adaptation to climate change. Some have recently argued that we should expand opportunities for international labour migration for those facing climate change impacts. I argue that expanding opportunities for labour migration is morally permissible—and may even be morally required—but that states must also provide sufficient opportunities for adaptation in place. I then examine the terms under which labour migrants may be admitted to receiving states. I argue that when labour migration policy is used as a tool of climate change adaptation, states may not impose restrictive terms on would-be labour migrants, because doing so unfairly shifts the costs of adaptation onto the most vulnerable.
The Future of Climate Displacement
Authors: Draper Jamie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter concludes the book by considering the implications of a worst-case scenario of a future crisis of climate displacement. My aim is not to determine what we should do in such a future, but to consider how the prospect of such a future should orient our reflection on climate displacement in the here-and-now. The worst-case scenario of climate displacement is a fearsome prospect, but I argue that we should not allow our response to climate displacement to be oriented by a politics of fear. Instead, I argue that we have rational grounds for a politics of hope for the future of climate displacement. It is precisely the precipitous circumstances we face that makes hope for the future of climate displacement important.
Introduction
Authors: Saul Jennifer Mather 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter introduces the main research question of the book: how have blatant racism and wildly implausible conspiracy theories been mainstreamed in our political culture? The chapter acknowledges that racism and political lies are far from new. Yet it argues that there is something new in the prevalence of blatant racism and obvious lies in our current political discourse. Moreover, it argues that this is dangerous in ways that should motivate us to seek a fuller understanding. This introduction sets out the basic elements of the response that the book will make, including (1) a focus on divisions among the public; (2) particular attention to manipulable groups; (3) the linguistic devices of dogwhistles and figleaves; (4) and the rise of authoritarianism. It also offers a chapter-by-chapter overview of the book.
White Racism, White Folk Racial Theory, and White Racial Discourse
Authors: Saul Jennifer Mather 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of flawed understandings of racism that are common among White Americans. In particular, it draws on Tali Mendelberg’s work on racial discourse in politics, Jane Hill’s White Folk Theory of Racism, and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva’s theory of Color-Blind Racism. In particular, it emphasizes the way that racists are widely understood to be monstrous yet rare and easily recognized individuals; and the way that this understanding allows for concerns about other manifestations of racism to be set aside. Together, these elements provide fertile ground for devices of deniability that can help White people not to acknowledge their own racism or that of those they wish to support.
The ILO’s Dialogical Standards-Based Approach to International Labour Law
Authors: Tsotroudi Katerina , Panareda Jordi Agustí 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the journey toward increased synergy between the normative mandate of the International Labour Organization (ILO) and its contributions to development cooperation. The ILO is a tripartite international organization with a constitutional mandate to promote social justice, in particular by setting International Labour Standards (ILS) and supervising their application. The chapter focuses on the ILO’s tripartite approach to international labour law and development cooperation, based on social dialogue and ILS. It examines how the Organization’s internal policies and procedures seek to incorporating ILS, and the distance that remains to be travelled in terms of effective ILS mainstreaming in the organization’s development cooperation activities.
Race and Discrimination
Authors: Mukhayer Harum 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Both international law and domestic law have yet to rise to the challenge of ending racism or reflecting the nuance of lived experiences of racism. This chapter explores the legal nuances concerning the balance between race, racial discrimination, and development under the wider framework of human rights. It looks at the legal imperative that carries the doctrinal weight of the principles of equality and non-discrimination in international human rights laws. The principle of non-discrimination is often read together with the principle of equality and equal protection before the law. The chapter also mentions the resolutions of the Human Rights Council that revolve around the legacies of colonialism and the right to development.
The Adequacy of Financing for the Development Agenda
Authors: McInerney Thomas F 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter notes the importance of adequate financing in making development progress. It explores the current landscape for development finance. The ambitions embodied in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the need for climate change adaptation and mitigation set up baselines for the resources needed for sustainable development. According to the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, national resources were an essential source of financing, but the greatest hopes were placed on the private sector. The chapter also elaborates on the critical role of multilateral treaties within the SDGs, while referencing the urgency of addressing the priorities in the SDGs due to the current crises across the world.
A Debate Over Justification
Authors: Holtzen T. L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 1 examines the purpose of Newman’s Lectures on Justification as an attempt to provide a via media solution to the Reformation debate over justification that arose between Protestants and Roman Catholics. It begins with the idea of meriting eternal life and Luther’s subsequent reaction to it, which gave rise to the Reformation debate over justification. Luther’s theology of justification is then examined, followed by that of the Council of Trent. It is shown how the Reformation debate over justification between Lutherans and Roman Catholics is about the nature of justifying righteousness, or what is called the formal cause of justification. Protestants believe justifying righteousness is imputed, while Roman Catholics believe that it is inherent. Newman attempts to provide a solution to the Reformation debate over justification with his via media doctrine of the justifying presence in which the Holy Spirit is the formal cause of justification.
The Formal Cause of Justification
Authors: Holtzen T. L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 7 examines Newman’s argument, given in the Appendix to the Lectures on Justification, that the Holy Spirit is the formal cause of justification. The Holy Spirit is the formal cause of justification because it both brings Christ’s righteousness to the soul in justification and begins a renewal in actual righteousness. Following Hooker’s idea of participation in Christ through the Spirit of adoption, Newman holds that justification consists of a duplex iustitia of Christ’s imputed and the Christian’s actual righteousness. Newman calls Christ’s righteousness the ‘proper’ form of the soul’s justice and actual righteousness its ‘improper’ form. Newman’s teaching differs from Trent because he teaches explicitly that the Holy Spirit is said to be the formal cause of justification, not an inherent righteousness. But since Trent only defines the formal cause of justification as an inherent righteousness, Newman’s via media doctrine of the justifying presence is, nonetheless, compatible with Trent.
The Way Forward
Authors: Jaffey Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The pillars of private law are contract, tort, and property. Much of what is understood as the law of unjust enrichment is really property and contract, and the rest is helpfully considered in relation to contract, property, and sometimes tort. The problem with the theory of unjust enrichment is that it has obscured and interfered with these areas of law and their development. It has wrongly conflated claims in these areas and it has also created false divisions within them. Before the development of the theory of unjust enrichment, it was standard to approach restitution along these lines. This chapter offers a framework that takes this approach. It defends a proprietary approach to claims arising from mistaken and unauthorized payments; and a contractual or contract-related approach to claims arising from payments for goods and services. Finally, the chapter considers the recent proposals made by Professors Robert Stevens and Lionel Smith for reconsideration of the law of unjust enrichment.
Unjust Enrichment
Authors: Hedley Steve 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter does several things. First, it reviews the reasons why the law of restitution has traditionally been fragmented, heterogeneous, and entirely on the fringes of private law, arguing that this is no anomaly, but on the contrary is precisely what we should expect. The disunity and low status of restitution is the price we pay—and rightly pay—for the stability and importance of core subjects such as property and contract. Secondly, it recounts Peter Birks’s attempt to demonstrate the contrary, suggesting that there was a coherent and important principle of unjust enrichment, which should properly have comparable status to that of the core subjects; also the long retreat from that position in the literature, as subsequent scholarship and judicial decisions reasserted restitution’s diversity and marginality. Finally, it discusses ongoing attempts to redivide restitution into manageable chunks. I argue that the best ways of doing this will reflect the rationale of restitution, as the sweeper-up of the common law, providing rather limited assistance to those inconvenienced by the harsher rules in the core subjects, but quite deliberately posing no major challenges to those rules.