bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of tibolone and transdermal estrogen therapy on psychological symptoms in women following surgical menopause
Authors: Baksu A. , Ayas B. , Cıtak S. , Kalan A. , Baksu B. , Goker N. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractObjective: This study investigated the efficacy of tibolone and transdermal estradiol therapy on menopausal and psychological symptoms in women following surgical menopause. Method: Seventy‐five women who had undergone surgical menopause were randomized to a 6‐month double‐blind interventional study treatment with oral 2.5 mg/day tibolone, transdermal 3.9 mg/week estradiol or oral placebo. The patients were assessed using Kupperman's Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) before and at the end of the 6 months of treatment. Result: Sixty‐five subjects completed the study: 23 on tibolone, 21 on transdermal estradiol and 21 on placebo. At the end of the 6 months of therapy, highly significant improvements in menopausal symptoms, depression and anxiety scores were observed in both groups (tibolone and transdermal estradiol groups) as compared with baseline values (p<0.001). However, in the placebo group, there were no significant differences on changes from baseline to the end of treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that tibolone and transdermal estradiol therapy significantly improve menopausal and psychological symptoms in women following surgical menopause.
Could lean production job design be intrinsically motivating? Contextual, configurational, and levels‐of‐analysis issues
Authors: de Treville Suzanne , Antonakis John 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAre lean production jobs intrinsically motivating? More than 20 years after the arrival of lean production, this question remains unresolved. Generally accepted models of job design such as the Job Characteristics Model (JCM, (Hackman, J.R., Oldham, G.R. 1976. Motivation through the design of work: test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 16, 250–279.)) cannot explain the occurrence of worker intrinsic motivation in the context of lean production. In this paper, we extend the JCM to the lean production context to explain the theoretical relationship between job characteristics and motivational outcomes in lean production. We suggest that a configuration of lean production practices is more important for worker intrinsic motivation than are independent main effects, and that motivation may be limited by excessive leanness. We conclude that lean production job design may engender worker intrinsic motivation; however, there are likely to be substantial differences in intrinsic motivation under differing lean production configurations.
‘BARQUE D'OR’ — AN EARLY DUTILLEUX SONG REDISCOVERED
Authors: Obi-Keller Janet 
Published: June 2005

It was with surprise and delight that, whilst on a research trip to Paris about a year ago, I accidentally discovered a score dating from Henri Dutilleux's Conservatoire period in the 1930s. What I stumbled upon was a song, titled Barque d'Or, written for soprano and piano. Dutilleux's father, Paul Dutilleux, who owned his own printing firm in Douai, published Barque d'Or in 1937. Roger Nichols has quoted Dutilleux's recollection of his father's work:All that ties in too with the craftsmanship I witnessed in my father's workshop, especially at the bench of one old engraver. We had a great respect for him, he looked like Brahms. On Sundays it was at that bench that my father sat me down to do my harmony exercises, without the piano. During the week my ears were full of the rumbling of the machines, but at those moments the absolute silence seemed to me to have an extraordinary quality — it was a very unusual feeling, which I often think about, and it was a great encouragement to the formation of my inner ear.
Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel phospholipase C, PLC-η
Authors: HWANG Jong-Ik , OH Yong-Seok , SHIN Kum-Joo , KIM Hyun , RYU Sung Ho , SUH Pann-Ghill 
Published: June 2005

PLC (phospholipase C) plays an important role in intracellular signal transduction by hydrolysing phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, a membrane phospholipid. To date, 12 members of the mammalian PLC isoforms have been identified and classified into five isotypes β, γ, δ, ε and ζ, which are regulated by distinct mechanisms. In the present study, we describe the identification of a novel PLC isoform in the brains of human and mouse, named PLC-η, which contains the conserved pleckstrin homology domain, X and Y domains for catalytic activity and the C2 domain. The first identified gene encoded 1002 (human) or 1003 (mouse) amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 115 kDa. The purified recombinant PLC-η exhibited Ca2+-dependent catalytic activity on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Furthermore, molecular biological analysis revealed that the PLC-η gene was transcribed to several splicing variants. Although some transcripts were detected in most of the tissues we examined, the transcript encoding 115 kDa was restricted to the brain and lung. In addition, the expression of the 115 kDa protein was defined in only nerve tissues such as the brain and spinal cord. In situ hybridization analysis with brain revealed that PLC-η was abundantly expressed in various regions including cerebral cortex, hippocampus, zona incerta and cerebellar Purkinje cell layer, which are neuronal cell-enriched regions. These results suggest that PLC-η may perform fundamental roles in the brain.
Oxidation of hypotaurine and cysteine sulphinic acid by peroxynitrite
Authors: FONTANA Mario , AMENDOLA Donatella , ORSINI Emanuela , BOFFI Alberto , PECCI Laura 
Published: June 2005

Peroxynitrite mediates the oxidation of the sulphinic group of both HTAU (hypotaurine) and CSA (cysteine sulphinic acid), producing the respective sulphonates, TAU (taurine) and CA (cysteic acid). The reaction is associated with extensive oxygen uptake, suggesting that HTAU and CSA are oxidized by the one-electron transfer mechanism to sulphonyl radicals, which may initiate an oxygen-dependent radical chain reaction with the sulphonates as final products. Besides the one-electron mechanism, HTAU and CSA can be oxidized by the two-electron pathway, leading directly to sulphonate formation without oxygen consumption. The apparent second-order rate constants for the direct reaction of peroxynitrite with HTAU and CSA at pH 7.4 and 25 °C are 77.4±5 and 76.4±9 M−1·s−1 respectively. For both sulphinates, the apparent second-order rate constants increase sharply with decrease in pH, and the sigmoidal curves obtained are consistent with peroxynitrous acid as the species responsible for sulphinate oxidation. The kinetic data, together with changes in oxygen uptake, sulphinate depletion, sulphonate production, and product distribution of nitrite and nitrate, suggest that oxidation of sulphinates by peroxynitrite may take place by the two reaction pathways whose relative importance depends on reagent concentrations and pH value. In the presence of bicarbonate, the direct reaction of sulphinates with peroxynitrite is inhibited and the oxidative reaction probably involves only the radicals •NO2 and CO3•−, generated by decomposition of the peroxynitrite-CO2 adduct.
An abortive apoptotic pathway induced by singlet oxygen is due to the suppression of caspase activation
Authors: OTSU Kaoru , SATO Kazuaki , IKEDA Yoshitaka , IMAI Hirotaka , NAKAGAWA Yasuhito , OHBA Yoshihiro , FUJII Junichi 
Published: June 2005

Singlet oxygen causes the cytotoxic process of tumour cells in photodynamic therapy. The mechanism by which singlet oxygen damages cells is, however, not fully understood. To address this issue, we synthesized and used two types of endoperoxides, MNPE (1-methylnaphthalene-4-propionate endoperoxide) and NDPE (naphthalene-1,4-dipropionate endoperoxide), that generate defined amounts of singlet oxygen at 37 °C with similar half lives. MNPE, which is more hydrophobic than NDPE, induced the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol and exhibited cytotoxicity, but NDPE did not. RBL cells, a rat basophil leukaemia-derived line, that overexpress phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase in mitochondria were found to be highly resistant to the cytotoxic effect of MNPE. MNPE treatment induced much less DNA ladder formation and nuclear fragmentation in cells than etoposide treatment, even though these treatments induced a similar extent of cellular damage. Singlet oxygen inhibited caspase 9 and 3 activities directly and also suppressed the activation of the caspase cascade. Collectively, these data suggest that singlet oxygen triggers an apoptotic pathway by releasing cytochrome c from mitochondria via the peroxidation of mitochondrial components and results in cell death that is different from typical apoptosis, because of the abortive apoptotic pathway caused by impaired caspase activation.
Flood risk management in the Thames Estuary looking ahead 100 years
Authors: Lavery Sarah , Donovan Bill 
Published: June 2005

The River Thames tidal defences have provided protection against the increasing threat of tidal flooding from the North Sea for more than 2000 years. The flood of 1953 was the catalyst for the construction of the current system of River Thames tidal defences, which includes the Thames Barrier, and has provided one of the best standards of flood defence in the UK for over 20 years.
Substantial growth is planned through ‘Thames Gateway’, a regeneration initiative of the United Kingdom government. These new developments will fundamentally change the developed footprint in the Thames Estuary flood-plain, and will be in place for at least the next 100 years. This presents a challenge of planning future defence against a background of uncertainty over climate and other environmental change, while ensuring that correct decisions are made concerning the nature and location of new building in the tidal flood-plain.
Through its ‘Thames Estuary 2100’ project, the Environment Agency is developing a long-term strategy for flood risk management in the estuary. Implementation of major construction works on the River Thames could commence from around 2015. Alternatively, it may be decided that minimum works are undertaken to provide security and major investment is delayed until uncertainties over climate change have abated. Whatever long-term option is chosen, this must be preceded by a period of collaboration with the Thames Gateway developments to ensure appropriate and sustainable flood defences are incorporated in new riverside construction.
Revisiting the roots of learning organization
Authors: Yeo Roland K. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a literature synthesis of the learning organization and discuss several pertinent theoretical concepts on the subject.Design/methodology/approachA range of works mainly from 1990‐2004, which aim at providing a variety of perspectives on the learning organization, have been analyzed and discussed based on its theoretical roots and ontological perspectives.FindingsThe synthesis of the literature reveals several common themes from the various learning organization definitions and discovers the greater significance of systems thinking in Senge's five disciplines.Research limitations/implicationsIt is not an exhaustive coverage of the learning organization literature. However it offers great research implications where several key concepts can be further explored. For example, is systems thinking really crucial to organizational learning?Practical implicationsPractitioners may find the analysis of the various models in relation to Senge's five disciplines useful, as there are concepts that can be implemented in practice.Originality/valueIt is the amalgamation of several key concepts in the learning organization and the analysis of these concepts in relation toThe Fifth Disciplinewhich readers will be familiar and able to identify with. People who are interested in pursuing research in the learning organization will find this paper handy as it provides a useful overview of the subject.
Organizational learning vs the learning organization: a conversation with a practitioner
Authors: Gorelick Carol 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThrough a conversation with a practitioner, aims to understand the definitions given to the learning organization and how they relate to a model of organizational learning.Design/methodology/approachProvides a brief overview of a conversation concerning organizational learning vs the learning organization.FindingsOrganizational learning and the learning organization can and should co‐exist. To be effective as a learning organization there is a need for a deep learning cycle and recognition that it will take time.Originality/valueOffers advice on how to be an effective learning organization.
Plethodontid salamander mitochondrial genomics: A parsimony evaluation of character conflict and implications for historical biogeography
Authors: Macey J. Robert 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA new parsimony analysis of 27 complete mitochondrial genomic sequences is conducted to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of plethodontid salamanders. This analysis focuses on the amount of character conflict between phylogenetic trees recovered from newly conducted parsimony searches and the Bayesian and maximum likelihood topology reported by Mueller et al. (2004; PNAS, 101, 13820–13825). Strong support for Hemidactylium as the sister taxon to all other plethodontids is recovered from parsimony analyses. Plotting area relationships on the most parsimonious phylogenetic tree suggests that eastern North America is the origin of the family Plethodontidae supporting the “Out of Appalachia” hypothesis. A new taxonomy that recognizes clades recovered from phylogenetic analyses is proposed.© The Willi Hennig Society 2005.
Phylogeny of Nerillidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) as inferred from combined 18S rDNA and morphological data
Authors: Worsaae Katrine 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA phylogeny of the meiofaunal polychaete family Nerillidae based on morphological, molecular and combined data is presented here. The data sets comprise nearly complete sequences of 18S rDNA and 40 morphological characters of 17 taxa. Sequences were analyzed simultaneously with the morphological data by direct optimization in the program POY, with a variety of parameter sets (costs of gaps: transversions: transitions). Three outgroups were selected from the major polychaete group Aciculata and one from Scolecida. The 13 nerillid species from 11 genera were monophyletic in all analyses with very high support, and three new apomorphies for Nerillidae are identified. The topology of the ingroup varied according to the various parameter settings. Reducing the number of outgroups to one decreased the variance among the phylogenetic hypotheses. The congruence among these was tested and a parameter set, with equal weights (222) and extension gap weighted 1, yielded minimum incongruence (ILD). Several terminal clades of the combined analysis were highly supported, as well as the position of Leptonerilla prospera as sister terminal to the other nerillids. The evolution of morphological characters such as segment numbers, chaetae, appendages and ciliation are traced and discussed. A regressive pathway within Nerillidae is indicated for several characters, however, generally implying several convergent losses. Numerous genera are shown to require revision.© The Willi Hennig Society 2005.
The DR4–DQ8 haplotype and a specific T cell receptor Vβ T cell subset are associated with absence of allergy to Can f 1
Authors: Kinnunen T. , Taivainen A. , Partanen J. , Immonen A. , Saarelainen S. , Rytkönen‐Nissinen M. , Rautiainen J. , Virtanen T. 
Published: June 2005

SummaryBackground
The significance of specific T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ subtypes and human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles for the development of allergy to lipocalin allergens such as the major dog allergen Can f 1 is not clear at present.Objective
To characterize the TCR Vβ usage in the Can f 1‐specific T cell lines and the HLA class II genotypes of Can f 1‐allergic and non‐allergic subjects.Methods
T cell lines were induced with recombinant Can f 1 from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 12 non‐atopic dog owners and 26 dog‐allergic patients. Thirteen of the dog‐allergic subjects were sensitized to Can f 1. Expression of the TCR Vβ subtypes on CD4+ T cells in the T cell lines was measured by flow cytometry. The subjects were HLA genotyped for DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 loci.Results
Can f 1‐specific T cell lines were obtained from 18 subjects, with either positive (n=8) or negative (n=10) skin prick tests (SPTs) to recombinant Can f 1. The frequency of TCR Vβ5.1+ T cells was significantly higher in the T cell lines of subjects with negative SPTs to the allergen. Moreover, DR4–DQ8 haplotype was over‐represented among these subjects.Conclusion
The DR4–DQ8 haplotype and the TCR Vβ5.1+ CD4+ T cells may be protective against allergy to Can f 1.
The promiscuity of immunoglobulin E binding to peanut allergens, as determined by Western blotting, correlates with the severity of clinical symptoms
Authors: Lewis S. A. , Grimshaw K. E. C. , Warner J. O. , Hourihane J. O'B. 
Published: June 2005

SummaryBackground
IgE binding to a specific protein has been shown to be associated with severe anaphylaxis to hazelnuts; however, the relationship between IgE binding to specific peanut allergens and symptom severity is currently unclear.Objective
To determine if the pattern of IgE binding to specific peanut allergens is associated with the severity of clinical symptoms.Methods
Forty peanut allergic patients underwent a double‐blind placebo‐controlled low‐dose peanut challenge, during which the severity of the patients' peanut allergy was scored. Serum peanut‐specific IgE (psIgE) was measured and IgE binding patterns to peanut proteins analysed.Results
Seventeen IgE binding bands were identified between 5 and 100 kDa with eight bound by >50% of patients. The total number of bands per patient correlated significantly with challenge score (P=0.001, r=0.505) and psIgE (P<0.001, r=0.820). Cluster analysis failed to reveal any association between a particular protein or pattern of proteins (based on presence/absence) and challenge score. However, two protein bands (∼43 and 41 kDa) had peak intensities that correlated positively with challenge score and a third band (∼48 kDa) that correlated negatively. The bands were identified as subunits of Ara h 3/4 and 1, respectively.Conclusions
Promiscuity of IgE binding appears more important than the recognition of individual proteins. This may mean that clinically useful specific immunotherapy for peanut allergy will be difficult to achieve if only selected allergenic proteins are used. Further investigation of Ara h 1 and 3/4 subunits and a possible association with symptom severity are also highlighted by this study.
Perinatal risk factors for sensitization, atopic dermatitis and wheezing during the first year of life (PIPO study)
Authors: Hagendorens M. M. , Bridts C. H. , Lauwers K. , Van Nuijs S. , Ebo D. G. , Vellinga A. , De Clerck L. S. , Van Bever H. P. , Weyler J. J. , Stevens W. J. 
Published: June 2005

SummaryObjective
To evaluate the influence of perinatal environmental factors on early sensitization, atopic dermatitis and wheezing during the first year.Methods
Information on pregnancy‐related factors, parental atopic history, environmental factors and the clinical course of the infant until age one was gathered by questionnaires, as part of a prospective birth cohort study (Prospective study on the Influence of Perinatal factors on the Occurrence of asthma and allergies [PIPO‐study]). Quantification of total and specific IgE was performed in 810 children and their parents.Results
Early sensitization was found in 107/810 (13%) of the infants. Multiple regression analysis showed that specific IgE in fathers was a risk factor for early sensitization in their daughters (adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) 2.21 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–4.49); P=0.03), whereas in boys, day care attendance was shown to be protective for early sensitization (ORadj 0.38 (95% CI 0.20–0.71); P=0.001). Atopic dermatitis occurred in 195/792 infants (25%). Specific IgE in the mother (ORadj 1.52 (95% CI 1.06–2.19); P=0.02) and in the infant (ORadj 4.20 (95% CI 2.63–6.68); P<0.001) were both risk factors for the occurence of atopic dermatitis, whereas postnatal exposure to cats was negatively associated with atopic dermatitis (ORadj 0.68 (0.47–0.97); P=0.03).Postnatal exposure to cigarette smoke (ORadj 3.31 (95% CI 1.79–6.09); P<0.001) and day care attendance (ORadj 1.96 (95% CI 1.18–3.23); P=0.009) were significantly associated with early wheezing, which occurred in 25% (197/795) of the infants.Conclusion
The effect of paternal sensitization and day care attendance on sensitization is gender dependent. Maternal sensitization predisposes for atopic dermatitis, whereas postnatal exposure to cats had a protective effect.
Allergic reactions in the community: a questionnaire survey of members of the anaphylaxis campaign
Authors: Uguz A. , Lack G. , Pumphrey R. , Ewan P. , Warner J. , Dick J. , Briggs D. , Clarke S. , Reading D. , Hourihane J. 
Published: June 2005

SummaryBackground
Allergic reactions to food are well recognized in both children and adults, but because of their relative infrequency their typical features may not be readily recognized by patients and their medical care givers who are not allergists.Objective
We sought to investigate the circumstances and clinical characteristics of food allergies in adults and children in the community.Methods
Self‐completed questionnaire responses over a 6‐month period from 109 members of the Anaphylaxis Campaign, the major British patient resource group for people who have suffered severe allergic reactions.Results
One hundred and nine respondents reported 126 reactions during the study period. Seventy‐five were children (under 16 years, median age 6 years at the time of reaction). Predictably more boys than girls were reported to have had reactions but more women reported reactions than men (P<0.05). Although the groups were equally aware of their food allergies the children had undergone diagnostic tests more often (P<0.001). Foods were implicated in 112 (89%) of reports. Restaurants were implicated less often (14%) than in other series, probably reflecting British eating habits. Children with asthma reported more severe reactions than those without asthma (P=0.008), although frequency or severity of recent asthma symptoms was not associated with severity of allergic reaction reported. When available, self‐injectable adrenaline was used in 35% of severe reactions and 13% of non‐severe reactions (P=0.01). A quarter of adults who received one dose of adrenaline also received a second dose.Conclusion
The allergens implicated in this report reflect previous data from similar patient groups in North America. Asthmatic children suffer more severe reactions than non‐asthmatic children. It appears that British adults need better access to expert care of their allergies. Even when it is prescribed and available self‐injectable adrenaline appears under‐used in severe reactions. The incidence of severe but non‐fatal allergic reactions in the UK may have been underestimated in the past.