bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microplastics in fishes from the Meghna River estuary, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Shahadat , Bhuiyan Mohammad Riyad Hossain , Uddin Mohammad Nasir , Sharifuzzaman SM 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Microplastics (MPs) were investigated in four fish species viz., Polynemus paradiseus, Rhinomugil corsula, Sillaginopsis panijus and Taenioides sandwipi, which were collected from the Meghna River estuary, Bangladesh. Gastrointestinal tracts of fishes (n = 80 in total) were examined for the presence of MPs following alkali digestion, microscopic observation and µ-FTIR analysis. Total 573 MPs were detected in four fish species, indicating MPs presence in 81.3% fish samples. There were 7.16 ± 4.33 MP items/fish, 2.16 ± 1.76 items/g of GIT and 0.15 ± 0.12 items/g of body weight. Polyethylene, polypropylene and nylon were the most abundant polymers. The majority of MPs were fiber (62.48%), while white color was the dominant one. Fifty-one percent MPs belonged to size < 500 µm, indicating that smaller particles were more bio-available to pelagic fishes. The findings confirm intrusion of MPs in the Meghna River estuary and fishes therein, posing a threat to public health via the food chain.
H∞ State Estimation of Continuous-time Neural Networks with Uncertainties
Authors: Li Aiting , Hu Yun , Liu Dazhi , Liu Jinhui , Chen Yanhui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
H∞ state estimation is addressed for continuous-time neural networks in the paper. And the norm-boundeduncertainties are considered in communication neural networks. For the considered neural networks withuncertainties, a reduced-order H∞ state estimator is designed, which make the error dynamic is exponentiallystable and has weighted H∞ performance index by Lyapunov function method. Moreover, it is also giventhe devised method of the reduced-order H∞ state estimator. Then, considering that sampling the outputy(t) of the neural network every moment will resulting in waste of excess resources, to solve the problemof oversampling using event-triggered sampling strategy. In addition, a devised method is also given for theevent-triggered reduced-order H∞ state estimator. Finally, by the well-known Tunnel Diode Circuit example, itshows that a lower order state estimator can be designed under the premise of maintaining the same weighted H∞ performance index, and using the event-triggered sampling method can reduce the computational and timecosts and save communication resources.
The Effect of Theophylline on Serum and Milk Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin Following Intramuscular Administration in Lactating Goats
Authors: EL-Tareef Fatma , Abo-EL-Sooud Khaled , Karmi Mohamed , Hafez Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim of the work:
This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of theophylline pre-treatment on the pharmacokinetic and milk elimination of tylosin following single intramuscular (IM) administrations in lactating goats as an example of an antibacterial and bronchodilator combination that frequently used in veterinary medicine to control respiratory diseases.
Methods and results
In a cross-over study, tylosin was injected intramuscularly at a single dose of 15 mg/kg b.wt. After a one-month washout period goats received theophylline at a daily IM dose of 2 mg/kg b.wt. for seven consecutive days then tylosin was injected two hours after the last theophylline injection as the same previous treatment. Blood samples were collected before and at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h post-injection. Samples were left to clot and then centrifuged to yield sera, Milk samples were collected before and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, and 72h post-injection from each goat by hand milking. Tylosin serum concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Tylosin concentrations versus time were analyzed by a noncompartmental method. Theophylline significantly decreased tylosin concentrations as the Cmax declined from 1.728 ± 0.100 to 1.014 ± 0.113 µg/ml, and attained Tmax values of 2 and 1 h, respectively. Moreover, theophylline pretreatment significantly shortened the elimination half-life (t1/2el) from 6.934 to 1.973 h, t1/2ka from 0.621 to 0.359 h and the mean residence time (MRT) from 8.022 to 4.312 h, also Vz/F and AUCs decreased from 11.913 to 7.702 L/Kg and from 12.641 to 4.567µg*h/ml, respectively, consequently, theophylline enhanced the clearance (Cl/F) of tylosin from the body. Similarly, tylosin milk concentrations were significantly lower in theophylline-pretreated goats than in goats that received tylosin alone. Moreover, the t1/2el and AUCs were significantly decreased from 14.684 ± 1.973 to 27 4.720 ± 0.477 h, and from 181.003 to 67.171 µg*h/ml, respectively.
Conclusions
We concluded that when tylosin is administrated after theophylline pretreatment, its concentrations may fall to subtherapeutic levels, which could have serious clinical consequences.
Animal models of internal endplate injury-induced intervertebral disc degeneration：a systematic review
Authors: Ma Yukun , Yu Xing , Li Wenhao , Guan Jianbin , Qiu Ziye , Xu Luchun , Feng Ningning , Jiang Guozheng , Yue Xinliang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review relevant animal models of disc degeneration induced through the endplate injury pathway,and to provide suitable animal models for exploring the intrinsic mechanisms and treatment of disc degeneration.
DESIGN: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and other databases were searched for literature related to animal models of disc degeneration induced by the endplate injury pathway from establishment to October 2022, and key contents in the literature were screened and extracted to analyze and evaluate each type of animal model using the literature induction method.
RESULTS: Thirteen animal experimental studies were finally included in the literature, which can be categorized into direct injury models and indirect injury models, of which direct injury models include transvertebral injury models and transpedicular approach injury models, and indirect injury models include endplate ischemia models and vertebral fracture-induced endplate injury models. The direct injury models have a minimum observation period of 2 months and a maximum of 7 months. All direct injury models were successful in causing disc degeneration, and the greater the number of interventions, the greater the degree of disc degeneration caused. The observation period for the indirect injury models variedfrom 4 weeks to 8 months. Of the 8 studies, only one study was unsuccessful in inducing disc degeneration, and this was the first animal study in this research to attempt to intervene on the endplate to cause disc degeneration.
CONCLUSION: The damage to the direct injury model is more immediate and controllable in extent and can effectively lead to disc degeneration. The indirect injury models do not directly damage the endplate structure, making it easier to observe the physiological and pathological condition of the endplate and associated structures of the disc. However,none of them can completely simulate the corresponding process of endplate injury-induced disc degeneration in humans, and there is no uniform clinical judgment standard for this type of model. The most appropriate animal model still needs further exploration and discovery.
Unraveling Genetic Architecture of Blood Unfolded p-53: Novel Candidate Genes for Early Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yaghoobi Arash , Malekpour Seyed Amir 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heritable neurodegenerative disease whose long asymptomatic phase makes the early diagnosis of it pivotal. Blood U-p53 has emerged as a superior predictive biomarker for AD in the early stages. We hypothesized that genetic variants associated with blood U-p53 could reveal novel loci and pathways involved in the early stages of AD.
Results
We performed a blood U-p53 Genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 484 healthy and mild cognitively impaired subjects from the ADNI cohort using 612,843 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We performed a pathway analysis and prioritized candidate genes using an AD single-cell gene program. We fine-mapped the intergenic SNPs by leveraging a cell-type-specific enhancer to gene linking strategy using a brain single-cell multimodal dataset. We validated the candidate genes in an independent brain single-cell RNA-seq and the ADNI blood transcriptome datasets. The rs279686 between AASS and FEZF1 genes was the most significant SNP (P-value = 4.82×10 − 7). Suggestive pathways were related to the immune and nervous systems. Twenty-three candidate genes were prioritized at 27 suggestive loci. Fine-mapping of 5 intergenic loci yielded nine cell-specific candidate genes. Finally, 15 genes were validated in the independent single-cell RNA-seq dataset, and five were validated in the ADNI blood transcriptome dataset.
Conclusion
We underlined the importance of performing a GWAS on an early-stage biomarker of AD and leveraging functional omics datasets for pinpointing causal genes in AD. Our study prioritized nine genes (SORCS1, KIF5C, EPC2, TMEFF2, HLA-E, ATAT1, TUBB, ARID1B, and RUNX1) strongly implicated in the early stages of AD.
Microstructure analysis of cement-biochar composites
Authors: Lorenzoni Renata , Cunningham Patrick , Fritsch Tobias , Schmidt Wolfram , Kruschwitz Sabine , Bruno Giovanni 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The use of biochar, as a concrete constituent has been proposed to reduce the massive carbon footprint of concrete. Due to the low density and complex porosity of biochar, microstructural analysis of Portland cement-biochar composites is challenging. This causes challenges to the improvement of micro-scale understanding of biochar composite behavior. This work advances the microstructural understanding of Portland cement composites with 0, 5, and 25 volume percent (vol%) of cement replaced with wood biochar by applying common characterization techniques of mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), gas sorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and isothermal heat flow calorimetry (HFC) in conjunction with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and micro-X-ray computed tomography (XCT) analysis techniques. The combination of these techniques allows a multi-scale investigation of the effect of biochar on the microstructure of cement paste. NMR and XCT techniques allow the observation and quantification of the pore space. HFC and MIP confirmed that biochar absorbs moisture and reduces the effective water-cement ratio. Gas sorption, MIP, and NMR shows that 5 vol% replacement does not significantly affect the gel and capillary pore structures. Results from XCT (supported by MIP and NMR) show that biochar can reduce the formation of larger pores. Importantly, XCT results suggest that biochar can act as a flaw in the microstructure which could explain reductions in the mechanical properties. Overall, the mechanical properties already analyzed in the literature are consistent with the microstructural changes observed, and these results highlight the need to carefully tailor the volume fraction of biochar to control its effect on the paste microstructure.
Repurposing pantoprazole in combination with systemic therapy in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A phase I/II randomized study
Authors: Noronha Vanita , Patil Vijay , Menon Nandini , Kalra Devanshi , Singh Ajaykumar , Shah Minit , Goud Supriya , Jobanputra Kunal , Nawale Kavita , Shah Srushti , Chowdhury Oindrila Roy , Mathrudev Vijayalakshmi , Jogdhankar Shweta , Singh Madhu , Singh Ashish , Adak Supriya , Sandesh Mayuri , R Arunkumar , Ankathi Sumankumar , Mahajan Abhishek , Prabhash Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Pantoprazole decreases acidity of the tumor-microenvironment by inhibiting proton pumps on the cancer cell. This possibly leads to increased sensitivity to cytotoxic therapy.
Methods:
We conducted a phase I/II RCT in adult head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) patients planned for first-line palliative chemotherapy. Patients were randomized to chemotherapy +/- Intravenous Pantoprazole. Primary endpoint in phase I was to determine the maximum safe dose of Intravenous Pantoprazole whereas it was progression free survival(PFS) in phase II.
Results:
The dose of IV Pantoprazole established in phase I was 240mg. Between Nov’18 and Oct’20, we recruited 120 patients in phase II, 59 on Pantoprazole and 61 on Standard arm. Median age was 51 years (IQR 43-60), 80% were men. Systemic therapy was Intravenous Cisplatin in 22% and Oral-Metronomic-Chemotherapy(OMC) in 78%. Addition of Pantoprazole did not prolong PFS, 2.2months (95%CI, 2.07-3.19) in the Pantoprazole arm and 2.5months (95%CI, 2.04-3.81, HR, 1.14; 95%CI 0.78-1.66; P=0.48) in the standard arm. Response rates were similar; Pantoprazole arm 8.5%, standard arm 6.6%; P=0.175. OS was also similar; 5.6months (95%CI, 4.47-8.51) in the Pantoprazole arm and 5.4months (95%CI, 3.48-8.54, HR 1.06; 95%CI 0.72-1.57; P=0.75) in the standard arm. Grade >3 toxicities were similar.
Conclusion:
Intravenous Pantoprazole 240mg added to systemic therapy does not improve outcomes in patients with advanced HNSCC.
Nonequilibrium phase transition of a one dimensional system reaches the absorbing state by two different ways
Authors: Saif M. Ali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the nonequilibrium phase transitions from the absorbing phase to the active phase for the model of disease spreading (Susceptible-Infected-Refractory-Susceptible (SIRS)) on a regular one dimensional lattice. In this model, particles of three species (S, I and R) on a lattice react as follows: S + I → 2I with probability λ, I → R after infection time τI and R → I after recovery time τR. In the case of τR > τI , this model has been found to has two critical thresholds separate the active phase from absorbing phases [51]. The first critical threshold λc1 is corresponding to a low infection probability and second critical threshold λc2 is corresponding to a high infection probability. At the first critical threshold λc1, our Monte Carlo simulations of this model suggest the phase transition to be of directed percolation class (DP). However, at the second critical threshold λc2 we observe that, the system becomes so sensitive to initial values conditions which suggests the phase transition to be discontinuous transition. We confirm this result using order parameter quasistationary probability distribution and finite-size analysis for this model at λc2. Additionally, the typical space-time evolution of this model at λc2 shows that, the spreading of active particles are compact in a behavior which remind us the spreading behavior in the compact directed percolation.
Comparison of conventional MRI analysis versus MRI-based radiomics to predict the circumferential margin resection involvement of rectal cancer
Authors: Liang Hong , Ma Yanqing , Hang Yuan , Guan Zheng , Zhang Yang , Wei Yuguo , Wang Peng , Zhang Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the application of conventional MRI analysis and MRI-based radiomics to identify the circumferential resection margin (CRM) status of rectal cancer (RC).
Methods: A cohort of 301 RC patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Conventional MRI characteristics included gender, age, diameter, distance to anus, MRI-based T/N phase, CEA, and CA 19-9, then the relevant logistic model (Logistic-cMRI) was built. MRI-based radiomics of rectal cancer and mesorectal fascia were calculated after volume of interest segmentation, and the logistic model of rectal cancer radiomics (Logistic-rcRadio) and mesorectal fascia radiomics (Logistic-mfRadio) were constructed. And the combined nomogram (nomo-cMRI/rcRadio/mfRadio) containing conventional MRI characteristics, radiomics of rectal cancer and mesorectal fascia was developed. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was delineated and the area under curve (AUC) was calculated the efficiency of models.
Results: The AUC of Logistic-cMRI was 0.864 (95%CI, 0.820 to 0.901). The AUC of Logistic-rcRadio was 0.883 (95%CI, 0.832 to 0.928) in the training set and was 0.725 (95%CI, 0.616 to 0.826) in the testing set. The AUCs of Logistic-mfRadio was 0.891 (95%CI, 0.838 to 0.936) in the training set and was 0.820 (95%CI, 0.725 to 0.905) in the testing set. The AUCs of nomo-cMRI/rcRadio/mfRadio were the highest in both the training set of 0.942 (95%CI, 0.901 to 0.969) and the testing set of 0.909 (95%CI, 0.830 to 0.959).
Conclusions: MRI-based radiomics of rectal cancer and mesorectal fascia showed similar efficacy in predicting the CRM status of RC. The combined nomogram performed better in assessment.
Autologous adipose-derived vascular stromal component injection offers a safe and effective method for treating knee osteoarthritis: A one-year double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Lu Junyue , Xu Biaoping , Hu Jiaxuan , yu Jin , Kang Jiliang , Yu Yan , Wang Ying , Wen Youliang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Currently, conservative treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has limited efficacy, and autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) knee injections as a novel treatment approach are receiving widespread attention. Our study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of SVF treatment for KOA patients.
Methods: This double-blind, randomized controlled trial recruited unilateral KOA patients from the Rehabilitation Departments of the First, Second, and Third Affiliated Hospitals of Gannan Medical University. Sixty-six unilateral KOA participants were randomly divided into three groups for conventional treatment, SVF treatment, and a combination of SVF and conventional treatment. We compared the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, range of motion (ROM) of the knee, cartilage degeneration situation, and the incidence, nature, and severity of adverse events after treatment at 7 days, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months.
Results:A total of 62 patients completed the follow-up. There were no significant baseline differences among the groups. Our results demonstrated that, compared to baseline values, average VAS and WOMAC scores significantly decreased, while ROM significantly increased in the SVF and combination treatment groups during the 12-month follow-up, with a significant difference when compared to the control group (P< 0.05). Cartilage regeneration was observed in the combination treatment group at the 12-month follow-up (P < 0.05). No serious adverse events were observed during the 12-month follow-up, and no significant difference was noted in the incidence of complications among the three groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion:A single SVF injection demonstrates good safety, no serious adverse reactions, and can achieve better therapeutic effects when combined with conventional treatment, which is worth further investigation and promotion in clinical practice.
Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300074894). First trial registration in the format 18/08/2023
Boron nitride whiskers and nano alumina synergistically enhancing the vertical thermal conductivity of epoxy-cellulose aerogel nanocomposites
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Pan Duo , Han Ziyuan , Kumar D. Jaya Prasanna , Ren Juanna , Hou Hua , El-Bahy Zeinhom M. , Mersal Gaber A. M. , Xu Ben Bin , Liu Yongzhi , Liu Chuntai , Ibrahim Mohamed M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With the continuous innovation of electronic information technology, thermal interface materials, which mainly play the role of heat dissipation in microelectronic devices, will face great challenges. In this work, the boron nitride whiskers (BNWK)@Al2O3/cellulose aerogels (CA) obtained by electrostatic self-assembly one-dimensional BNWK and zero-dimensional nano-Al2O3 combined with directional freezing of CA. The obtained BNWK@Al2O3/CA not only has a unique vertical network structure, but also exhibits exceptional compressive mechanical strength, especially when the mass ratio of BNWK/nano-Al2O3 is 1:7, the compressive strength of BNWK@Al2O3(1:7)/CA reaches 97 kPa, based on the flexibility of the CA and the support of the rigid hybrid filler BNWK@Al2O3, the theoretical relaxation time of the composite is also as high as 25327 s. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of the epoxy-based composite (BNWK@Al2O3/CA/EP) with a filler loading of 8.6 wt% is about 1.92 W/(m·K), which is 9.6 times that of pure EP, the excellent thermally conductive property is due to the accelerated phonon transport by the vertically arranged BNWK@Al2O3 network structure. Hence, this work provides a new idea for developing a new generation of thermal interface materials.
Non-equilibrium critical scaling and universality in a quantum simulator
Authors: De Arinjoy , Cook Patrick , Collins Katherine , Morong Will , Paz Daniel , Titum Paraj , Pagano Guido , Gorshkov Alexey , Maghrebi Mohammad , Monroe Christopher 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Universality and scaling laws are hallmarks of equilibrium phase transitions and critical phenomena1-3. However, extending these concepts to non-equilibrium systems is an outstanding challenge. Despite recent progress in the study of dynamical phases4,5, the universality classes and scaling laws for non-equilibrium phenomena are far less understood than those in equilibrium6. In this work, using a trapped-ion quantum simulator with single-ion resolution, we investigate the non-equilibrium nature of critical fluctuations following a quantum quench to the critical point. We probe the scaling of spin fluctuations after a series of quenches to the critical Hamiltonian of a long-range Ising model. With systems of up to 50 spins, we show that the amplitude and timescale of the post-quench fluctuations scale with system size with distinct universal critical exponents. While a generic quench can lead to thermal critical behaviour, we find that a second quench from one critical state to another (i.e. a double quench) results in critical behaviour that does not have an equilibrium counterpart. Our results demonstrate the ability of quantum simulators to explore universal scaling beyond the equilibrium paradigm.
How to make some complications predictable consequences in Interventional Radiology
Authors: Ierardi Anna Maria , Ascenti Velio , Lanza Carolina , Carriero Serena , Amato Gaetano , Pellegrino Giuseppe , Giurazza Francesco , Torcia Pierluca , Carrafiello Gianpaolo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The aim of the article is to introduce a new term in post-procedural events related to the procedure itself. All the Societies and Councils report these events as complications and they are divided in mild, moderate and severe or immediate and delayed. On the other hand the term error is known as the application of a wrong plan, or strategy to achieve a goal. For the first time, we are trying to introduce the term “consequence”; assuming that the procedure is the only available and the best fit to clinical indication, a consequence should be seen as an expected and unavoidable occurrence of an "adverse event" despite correct technical execution.