bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of thermal stress on the life of DC link capacitors for smart grid
Authors: Sun Xiao-Wu , Qiao Ying , Li Yin-Da , Cao Chong-Feng , Guo Xiang-Ming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Thermal stress is an important factor affecting the life of a DC link capacitor (DCLC). However, relevant studies on thermal stress mechanism directly influencing the lifetime of the capacitor are rarely reported. In this paper, the thermal polymerization of DCLC has been analyzed, and the relevant experimental platforms have been developed to evaluate the breakdown strength of DCLC at two thermal polymerization temperatures (TPTs). Simultaneously, the aging analysis of DCLC at different TPTs and the accelerated lifetime measurements at various temperatures were also executed to attain insights into the influence of thermal stress on the lifetime of DCLC. The results showed that the stress caused by thermal polymerization and working temperature influenced the breakdown voltage capability and the lifetime of DCLC. With an increase in TPT by 5 °C, a step-increase in the withstand voltage capability of DCLC from 7,000 V to 7,200 V was observed that demonstrated an enhancement of 2.86%in the breakdown strength performance. Correspondingly, the lifetime of DCLC with a capacitance change rate of -3% enhanced from 1,500 hours to 1,700 hours. However, severe deterioration in the life span of DCLC from 4,200 hours to 500 hours was observed with an increasing operating temperature from 55 °C to 85 °C, respectively. The lifetime could be enhanced by increasing the thermal polymerization temperature as well as reducing the working temperature. The presented results could be termed a harbinger for industrial production of high-performance DCLC with enhanced lifetime that augers well for high-power applications.
Comparative Evaluation of Language Models in Summarizing Chinese Healthcare Exam Findings
Authors: Xu Min , Zheng Lucheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Summarizing Chinese healthcare exam findings (SCHEF) is a critical and challenging task that requires extensive medical knowledge. Despite its importance, research on automating the generation of such summaries remains limited.We aim to develop a standardized Chinese Healthcare Exam Summarization (CHES) dataset and evaluate the performance of various sequence-to-sequence(seq2seq) models on the task of summarizing overall conclusions of healthcare exam findings. Our primary focus is on assessing the models’applicability, generalization, and transferability in this context.
Materials and Methods: We collect healthcare exam data from over 110, 000 individuals across two centers, creating the anonymized and cleaned Chinese Healthcare Exam Summarization (CHES) dataset for training and evaluating summarization models. We conduct comprehensive experiments on a broad range of summarization methods, including the manual extraction baseline method, a variety of RNN models (RNN, GRU, LSTM), PointerNet with a copy mechanism, convolutional seq2seq techniques, and self-attention-driven architectures such as Transformer, RoBERTa, and MacBERT. Additionally, we explore the significance of domain adaptation for BERT-based models on specific task datasets.
Results: Our experiments show that BERT-based models demonstrate the best performance in generating summaries for Chinese healthcare exam findings, as evidenced by F1 and recall evaluation metrics. Through this domain adaptation on task-specific datasets, we notice a substantial improvement of approximately 3% in the generated text summarization.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that advanced seq2seq language models can be readily employed for generating Chinese healthcare exam findings summarizations without requiring substantial modifications. Further pretraining language models on target datasets considerably improves summary quality by enhancing adherence to medical semantic standards, as it enables the model to better capture contextual and semantic information.
Importance of Residency Applicant Factors Based on Specialty and Demographics: A National Survey of Program Directors
Authors: Strausser Sarah A. , Dopke Kelly M. , Groff Destin , Boehmer Sue , Olympia Robert P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: With the transition away from traditional numerical grades/scores, residency applicant factors such as service, research, leadership, and extra-curricular activities may become more critical in the application process.
Objective: To assess the importance of residency application factors reported by program directors (PDs), stratified by director demographics and specialty.
Method: A questionnaire was electronically distributed to 4241 residency PDs in 23 specialties during spring 2022 and included questions on PD demographics and 22 residency applicant factors, including demographics, academic history, research involvement, and extracurricular activities. Responses were measured using a Likert scale for importance. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square and Fisher exact test analysis were performed.
Results: 767 questionnaires were completed (19% response rate). Across all specialties, the factor considered most important was the interview (99.5%). When stratified by specialty, surgical PDs were more likely to characterize class rank, letters of recommendation, research, presenting scholarly work, and involvement in collegiate sports as extremely important/very important (all p< 0.0001). In contrast, primary care PDs favored the proximity of the candidate’s hometown (p= 0.0002) and community service (p= 0.03). Mean importance of applicant factors also differed by PD age, gender, and ethnicity.
Conclusion: We have identified several residency application factors considered important by PDs, stratified by their specialty, demographics, and previous experiences. With the transition away from numerical grades/scores, medical students should be aware of the factors PDs consider important based on their chosen specialty. Our analysis may assist medical students in understanding the application and match process across various specialties.
Adverse reactions associated with the off-label use of octreotide for pancreatitis ： A pharmacovigilance study based on FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Tian Maolan , Ding Haoran , Li Guanlin , Feng Shuo , Lu Dongxu , Shi Chao , Sun Haijun , Meng Xianzhi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose:
Octreotide is often off label used for the treatment of pancreatitis because of its effect of inhibiting pancreatic secretion of trypsin. However, the adverse effects (AEs) associated with octreotide for pancreatitis treatment have not been adequately studied.
Methods:
Adverse events data of Octreotide from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database during the first quarter of 2004 to the third quarter of 2023 was collected. Disproportionality analysis was performed using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and the proportional reporting ratio (PRR) method. The time-to‐onset analysis was conducted using the Weibull shape parameter (WSP) test. Cumulative incidences were plotted using the Kaplan‐Meier method, and log‐rank test was used to compare the cumulative incidences.
Results:
A total of 23,047 records from the FAERS database were included in this study, including 92 records for patients with pancreatitis and 22,955 records for other indications. A total of 42 AEs signals were detected in pancreatitis patients, distributed among 15 SOCs. 27 of these signals were detected as positive signals only in patients with pancreatitis, but not in other indications. The cumulative incidence of adverse reactions did not differ between the pancreatitis and other indication populations (log-rank test, P = 0.665). In the WSP test for octreotide associated AEs, the upper limit of 95% CI of the shape parameter were less than 1 for both populations, suggesting an early failure type profile.
Conclusion:
The adverse reaction profile of octreotide off label used for the treatment of pancreatitis is significantly different from that of other diseases.
Ten-Year Trends of Inflammatory Bowel disease and Total Parental Nutrition Use: Nationwide study from 2010-2020
Authors: Choday Silpa , Jarvis Anne , Kim Peter , Chuang Keng-Yu , Vyas Neil 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
This study examined total parenteral nutrition (TPN) usage trends over the last 10 years, including their nationwide patterns, and the outcomes of the utilization of TPN in patients admitted with inflammatory bowel disease.
Methods
Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2010 until 2015, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) hospitalization and discharges, determine rates of parenteral nutrition utilization, and investigate outcomes, including in-hospital mortality and hospital resource utilization.
Results
The hospitalizations for IBD combining both Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) initially noted a rising trend in IBD until 2016 followed by a decreasing trend with statistical significance (P < 0.001). A decreasing trend in Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) utilization in CD dropped from 6.2–5.4% (P = 0.07). The prevalence of malnutrition in CD cases significantly increased from 11.6–16.6% (P < 0.001), and the use of TPN in malnutrition cases decreased from 25.0–20.0% with statistical significance (P = 0.002). TPN in UC cases also exhibited a downward trend, declining from 5.3–3.1% with statistical significance (P < 0.001). However, there was a noteworthy increase in malnutrition rates, rising from 13.5–17.3% (P = 0.087). Similarly, the utilization of TPN in malnutrition cases among UC cases displayed a significant decrease from 19.9–11.3% (P < 0.001). The combined use of TPN in IBD showed a decreased trend from 5.9–4.3% with statistical significance (P < 0.001).. Comorbidities like Alcohol use, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Obesity have also seen an increasing trend.
Conclusions
The management of IBD evolved significantly between 2010 and 2020. There is a decline in the trend in TPN usage in both CD and UC suggests a shift in the management of IBD and judicious use of TPN. Clinicians started to adopt more targeted treatment approaches, such as biologics and immunomodulators. These findings underscore the need for ongoing research and collaboration among healthcare professionals to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes in the ever-changing settings of IBD care.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of personal hygiene among primary school students in southern Jordan: A cross-sectional school-based study
Authors: Khamaiseh Abdullah , Leimoon Hammam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Personal hygiene has long been recognized as a key global public health concern that contributes to promoting health and preventing the transmission of diseases. This study aimd to evaluate Southern Jordanian primary school students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about personal hygiene.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional school-based study with 348 primary school students aged 10 to 15 is conducted to achieve the study objectives. A self-administered questionnaire with four sections: sociodemographic data, personal hygiene knowledge, personal hygiene attitude, and personal hygiene practice is also adopted.
Results: The results indicated that the students had excellent (>90%) knowledge of personal hygiene. The students' attitudes toward the value of personal hygiene, using soap for handwashing, toothpaste for brushing teeth, and a towel as personal hygiene equipment were also excellent . Some students, however, lack other aspects of attitudes and practices dimensions.
Conclusions: There is a statistically significant association between gender and knowledge, attitude, and practices toward personal hygiene.Female students have more knowledge and practice than male students, while male students have a better attitude than females. With this, the research highly recommends implementing school-based health education programs about personal hygiene.
Immunophenotypic changes in NRBCs of Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms and its clinical significance
Authors: Liang Fengting , Liang Xuelan , Ren Huanying , Wei Wei , Hong Minglin , Hao Zhuanghui , Wang Hongwei , Chen Xiuhua. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose: Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are challenging to differentiate in the early stages. Chronic inflammation and alterations in stromal and immune cells contribute to the MPN pathophysiology. This study evaluated the clinical significance of immunophenotypic alterations in the bone marrow erythrocytes in patients with MPN.
Methods: Flow cytometry was used to assess the CD36, CD71, and CD235a expression in bone marrow-nucleated erythrocytes (NRBCs) in patients with polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Changes in bone marrow-nucleated erythrocyte immunophenotypes in patients with MPN were also analyzed using multiple prognostic scoring systems and clinical parameters.
Results: The bone marrow-nucleated erythrocyte expression of CD71 significantly decreased in patients with PMF, and it was positively correlated with the PMF grade. Patients with PV or PMF had a lower NRBC expression of CD36 than those with ET. CD36+NRBC (%) could be a marker for differentiating ET from PMF or PV. The expression of these surface markers was not significantly correlated with gene mutations in patients with MPN. CD71+CD235a-NRBC (%) was positively correlated with prognostic risk factors such as circulating matrices > 1% and white blood cell count > 25 × 109/L in patients with PMF. Moreover, CD235a+NRBC (%) and CD71+CD235a-NRBC (%) were negatively and positively correlated with the clinical and molecular prognostic model score, respectively, in patients with PMF.
Conclusion: Patients with PMF who have a higher myelofibrosis grade have a more severely impaired NRBCs. The decreased CD235a expression in the red lineage may be associated with poor prognosis in PMF.
PID Control Approach for Optimizing Voltage Regulation in Smart Grids Using Energy Storage Reactive Power
Authors: Anna Jarosz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article proposes a PID controller-based approach to optimize voltage regulation in smart grids by leveraging the reactive power capabilities of energy storage systems. The research focuses on designing a robust control framework that utilizes the PID control technique to maintain grid voltage within desired limits. The article presents the implementation details, performance evaluation, and analysis of the proposed solution, demonstrating its effectiveness in voltage regulation and its potential for improving grid stability and reliability. The findings contribute to the development of advanced control strategies for smart grids, enabling more efficient energy management and enhanced system performance.
Effect of Draw Ratio and Triggering Temperature on Properties of Hydrothermal Responsive Shape Memory Microcomposite Filaments.
Authors: Semanie Direselgn Molla , Zhang Lei , Yesuf Hanur Meku , Adamu Biruk Fentahun , Zhou Buguang , Jiansheng Prof. Guo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the production of hydrothermal responsive shape memory filaments with different draw ratios (0.8, 2.0, and 3.2), using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as a filler and shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) as a matrix. A mechanical-thermo-aqueous programming test (MTAP) was conducted to study the shape-memory properties of the microcomposite filaments. The effect of draw ratio and triggering temperature on mechanical, physical, thermal, morphological, and shape memory performances was thoroughly studied. Among the microcomposite filaments, SMPU-MCC with a draw ratio of 2.0 exhibited the highest tenacity value of 0.91 cN/dtex in its original shape, with an elongation percentage of 385.2%. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the filaments increased as the draw ratio increased from 0.8 to 3.2, ranging from 38.35°C to 41.02°C. The crystallinity percentages obtained for pure SMPU, SMPU-MCC-0.8, SMPU-MCC-2.0, and SMPU-MCC-3.2 were 27.10%, 30.68%, 38.72%, and 36.88%, respectively. In addition, an optimum draw ratio led to a degradation temperature rise from 372.5ºC to 391.3ºC, which shows the thermal stability of the filaments was significantly influenced by the intermolecular bonding between MCC and SMPU, which intensified as the draw ratio increased from 0.8 to 2.0. Moreover, the filaments exhibited excellent mechanical and thermal properties in six cycles at the optimum draw ratio and triggering temperature, indicating their future application for repeated use without experiencing major changes in shape memory properties.
SWOT Analysis and Insights into the Health Research Authority Approval Process for COVID-19 Antimicrobial Stewardship Research in UK Secondary Care: Advocating Think Ethics
Authors: Elshenawy Rasha Abdelsalam , Aslanpour Zoe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article examines the Health Research Authority's (HRA) approval process, guided by the 'Think Ethics' principal, for an antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) research project at an English NHS Foundation Trust during the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a SWOT analysis to reflect critically on the process, the project encompassed a retrospective examination of patient records and a survey of healthcare workers, navigating the application of the Integrated Research Application System (IRAS). The HRA's streamlined procedures, involving intensive reviews by the NHS Research Ethics Committee (REC) and regulatory checks, refined the approval process, precluding the need for multiple assessments across NHS bodies. Achieving HRA consent necessitated adherence to confidentiality protocols and the submission of extensive documentation. Only upon securing all requisite regulatory approvals could the project proceed, highlighting the essentiality of proficient project management and strategic communication. The study's outcomes shed light on AMS practices, the shifts in antibiotic prescribing patterns, and the pandemic's influence on these dynamics. Crucially, the investigation emphasised the vital importance of robust AMS in managing antibiotic utilisation and in combating antimicrobial resistance. Reflecting on this journey emphasises the importance of involving the public and patients, creating effective participant information sheets (PIS), registering research projects in databases, such as ISRCTN and OCTOPUS, and constructively addressing feedback. These lessons has significantly enhanced the authors' research skills, emphasising the crucial importance of ethical consideration and transparent communication in academic research. This article offers a thorough reflection of the Health Research Authority approval process, advocating its adoption in future antimicrobial stewardship and antimicrobial resistance investigations, which are imperative to global health. Moreover, undertaking a SWOT analysis has yielded strategic insights, facilitating a more informed approach to the process of the HRA approval process, especially in relation to COVID-19 antimicrobial stewardship research within UK secondary care.
Brief, Real-Time Reflections: An Efficient, Contextual, and Familiar Variation of Narrative Medicine: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Hilgeman Brian , Kurtz Kevin , Hoeschen Mary , Hovis Zachary , Harrison Rachele , Minshew Lana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Narrative medicine is a widely used pedagogic tool but can be detached from the clinic context and unfamiliar to students. Brief real-time reflections could be a method of narrative medicine that is contextual, familiar, and convenient.
Methods
Fourth year medical students completed 280-character reflections immediately after patient interactions while rotating in a primary care clinic serving complex patients. Three researchers used qualitative methods to develop a codebook to describe the reflections and an independent auditor verified codebook application. Student feedback regarding their experience writing reflections was elicited on a Likert scale to understand student perspectives on the tool about ease of use, empathy, and remembering patient interactions.
Results
Eighteen students completed 131 reflections during 64 clinics; an average of 2.04 reflections per clinic and spent an average of 4.39 minutes on each reflection. Three codes were elicited to describe the content of reflections: descriptive, emotional, and cognitive. The most frequently identified code was cognitive (n = 84, 41%), with descriptive (n = 69, 33%) and emotional (n = 53, 26%) being less frequent. Reflections could contain one or a combination of codes. The most common reflection was cognitive-only (n = 43, 33%) followed by a combination of descriptive and emotional (n = 24; 18%). Most students agreed or strongly agreed that reflections helped them think more deeply about (9/9, 100%) and remember (8/9, 89%) patient interactions and were a good use of their time (7/9, 78%).
Conclusions
Brief, real-time reflections are a tool that allow medical students to reflect upon their clinical experiences in a complex and cognitive way and was well-received by students.
Exploring the Efficient Natural Products for the Therapy of Parkinson’s Disease via Drosophila Melanogaster (Fruit Fly) Models
Authors: Zhang Wen , Ju Yingjie , Ren Yunuo , Miao Yaodong , Wang Yiwen 
Published: January 2024

abstract:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder, partly attributed to mutations, environmental toxins, oxidative stress, abnormal protein aggregation, and mitochon-drial dysfunction. However, the precise pathogenesis of PD and its treatment strategy still require investigation. Fortunately, natural products have demonstrated potential as therapeutic agents for alleviating PD symptoms due to their neuroprotective properties. To identify promising lead compounds from herbal medicines' natural products for PD management and understand their modes of action, suitable animal models are necessary. Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) serves as an essential model for studying genetic and cellular pathways in complex biological processes. Diverse Drosophila PD models have been extensively utilized in PD research, particularly for discovering neuroprotective natural products. This review emphasizes the research progress of natural products in PD using the fruit fly PD model, offering valuable insights into utilizing inver-tebrate models for developing novel anti-PD drugs.
The Levels of Phoenixin-14 and Phoenixin-20 in Patients with Type 2
Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Can Ummugulsum , Akdu Sadinaz , Şahinoğlu Serdar 
Published: January 2024

Background:
New pathogenesis-related early detection markers are needed to prevent
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Objective:
We aimed to determine phoenixin (PNX)-14 and PNX-20 levels in T2DM patients
and investigate their relationship with diabetes.

Methods:
36 T2DM patients and 36 healthy controls were included in the study, and PNX-14
and PNX-20 levels in blood samples taken from the groups were measured by ELISA method.

Results:
Patients' serum PNX-14 and PNX-20 levels were statistically significantly lower than
in controls (p <0.001). A negative correlation was detected between PNX-14 and BMI, fasting
blood sugar, HbA1c%, and HOMA-IR. A negative correlation was found between PNX-20 and
BMI, fasting insulin and glucose, HbA1c%, and HO-MA-IR. A positive correlation was noticed
between PNX-14 and PNX-20 levels. In ROC analyses, PNX-14 and PNX-20 performed almost
equally in predicting T2DM. In predicting T2DM, the area under the ROC curve for PNX-14
was 0.874 (cutoff value 413.4 ng/L, sensitivity 89 %, specificity 72%), and for PNX-20 was
0.858 (cutoff value 228.7 ng/L, sensitivity 80 %, specificity 83 %).

Conclusion:
This study shows that serum PNX measurement may have a high level of evidence
in predicting T2DM. PNX, related to pathogenesis, may be useful in diagnosing T2DM and other
information to support clinical decision-making.