bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Language or Rating Scales Based Classifications of Emotions: Computational Analysis of Language and Alexithymia
Authors: Sikström Sverker , Nicolai Miriam , Ahrendt Josephine , Nevanlinna Suvi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Rating scales are the dominating tool for the quantitative assessment of mental health. They are believed to have a higher validity than language-based responses, which are the natural way of communicating mental states. Furthermore, it is unclear how difficulties articulating emotions affect the accuracy of language-based communication of emotions.
Objective: We investigated whether narratives describing emotional states is more accurately classified by questions-based computational analysis of language (QCLA) compared to commonly used rating scales.
Method: In Phase 1, participants (N = 348) generated narratives describing events related to depression, anxiety, satisfaction and harmony. In Phase 2, another set of participants summarised the emotions described in the narratives of Phase 1 in five descriptive words and rating scales (PHQ-9, GAD-7, SWLS and HILS). The words were quantified with a natural language processing model (e.g., LSA) and classified with machine learning (e.g., multinomial regression).
Results: The results showed that the language-based responses had considerably higher accuracy in classifying the emotional states compared to the rating scales. The degree of alexithymia did not influence the correctness of classification based on words or rating scales, suggesting that QCLA are not sensitive to alexithymia. However, narratives generated by people with high alexithymia were more difficult to classify than those with low alexithymia.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the assessment of mental health may be improved by language-based responses analysed by computational methods compared to currently used rating scales.
The dose-dependent effect of the D2R agonist quinpirole microinjected into the ventral pallidum on information flow in the limbic system
Authors: Peczely Laszlo , Grace Anthony A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The ventral pallidum (VP) receives its primary inputs from the nucleus accumbens (NAC) and the basolateral amygdala (BLA). We demonstrated recently that in the VP, the D2 DA receptor (D2R) agonist quinpirole dose-dependently facilitates memory consolidation in inhibitory avoidance and spatial learning. In the VP, D2R can be found both on NAC and BLA terminals. According to our hypothesis, quinpirole microinjected into the VP can facilitate memory consolidation via modulation of synaptic plasticity on NAC and/or BLA terminals. The effect of intra-VP quinpirole on BLA-VP and NAC shell-VP synapses was investigated via a high frequency stimulation (HFS) protocol. Quinpirole was administered in three doses into the VP of male rats after HFS; controls received vehicle. To examine whether an interaction between the NAC shell and the BLA at the level of the VP was involved, tetrodotoxin (TTX) was microinjected into one of the nuclei while stimulating the other nucleus. Our results showed that quinpirole dose-dependently modulates BLA-VP and NAC shell-VP synapses, similar to those observed in inhibitory avoidance and spatial learning, respectively. The lower dose inhibits BLA inputs, while the larger doses facilitates NAC shell inputs. Independent from the synaptic facilitation, intra-VP quinpirole increases the amplitude of gamma frequency band (GFB) of the power spectral density after NAC HFS. The experiments with TTX demonstrates that the two nuclei do not influence each others’ evoked responses in the VP, but intra-BLA TTX increases the GFB. These findings demonstrate the important role of VP D2Rs in the regulation of limbic information flow.
Functional and structural brain connectivity in disorders of consciousness
Authors: Altmayer Victor , Sangare Aude , Calligaris Charlotte , Puybasset Louis , Perlbarg Vincent , Naccache Lionel , Sitt Jacobo Diego , Rohaut Benjamin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective: Brain connectivity, allowing information to be shared between distinct cortical areas and thus to be processed in an integrated way, has long been considered critical for conscious access. However, the relationship between functional intercortical interactions and the structural connections thought to underlie them is poorly understood. In the present work, we aim to explore this structure-function relationship in patients with disorders of consciousness, and to investigate the interest of exploring both types of connectivity for clinical diagnosis.
Methods: We explore both functional (with an EEG-based metric: the median weighted symbolic mutual information in the theta band) and structural (with a brain MRI-based metric: fractional anisotropy) connectivities in a cohort of 78 patients affected with a disorder of consciousness.
Results: Both metrics could distinguish patients in a vegetative state from patients in minimally conscious state. Crucially, we discovered a significant positive correlation between functional and structural connectivities. We then showed that this structure-function relationship takes place in the long-range cortico-cortical deep white matter bundles involved in the Global Neuronal Workspace theory of consciousness.
Interpretation: Altogether, these results support the interest of a multimodal assessment of brain connectivity to refine the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of patients with disorders of consciousness.
Determination of fractional electron capture probabilities of 59Ni by means of Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters
Authors: Kaur Arshjot , Chambon Lucille , Loidl Martin , Lourenço Valérie , Rodrigues Matias , Zahir Mostafa-Lokmann 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The fractional electron capture probabilities of 59Ni were measured using Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters (MMCs). 59Ni was one of the radionuclides chosen as a part of the European metrology research (EMPIR) project MetroMMC. The measurement was performed by using the Decay energy spectroscopy (DES) technique, where the radionuclide is embedded in the absorber to have a 4π geometry. Two different source preparation techniques adapted for the measurement are also discussed: electroplating on gold and micro drop-dispensing on gold nanofoam. The total energy spectra obtained from both sources are compared with each other, and the measured fractional electron capture probabilities are compared with those available in the literature and from the BetaShape code.
Regulatory effect of Ficus Carica Latex on Cell Cycle Progression in Human Papillomavirus Positive Cervical Cancer Cell Lines: Insights from Gene Expression Analysis
Authors: Cakir Muharrem Okan , Bilge Ugur , Ghanbari Arshia , Ashrafi G Hossein 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Cervical cancer presents a significant global health concern with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) identified as the main cause of this cancer. Although current treatment methods for cervical cancer can eliminate lesions, preventing metastatic spread and minimizing tissue damage remains a major challenge. Therefore, the development of a safer and innovative therapeutic approach is of utmost importance. Natural products like Fig latex, derived from the Ficus Carica tree, have demonstrated promising anti-cancer properties when tested on cervical cancer cell lines. However, the specific mechanisms by which Fig latex exerts its effects are still unknown. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq analysis to explore how fig latex may counteract carcinogenesis in HPV-positive cervical cancer cell lines, namely CaSki (HPV type 16-positive) and HeLa (HPV type 18-positive). Our results from this investigation indicates that Fig latex influences the expression of genes associated with the development and progression of cervical cancer, including pathways related to " Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD), " Cell Cycle regulation ", and “ Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 ”. This selective impact of fig latex on cancer-related pathways suggests a potential novel therapeutic approach for HPV-related cervical cancer.
The role of Methyl-CpG binding domain 3 (Mbd3) in epileptogenesis
Authors: Nizinska Karolina , Olszewski Maciej , Binias Sandra , Nowicka Dorota , Szydlowska Kinga , Nazaruk Kinga , Wojtas Bartosz , Lukasiuk Katarzyna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Methyl CpG binding domain 3 (Mbd3) protein belongs to the MBD family of proteins and is responsible for reading the DNA methylation pattern. Our previous study showed increased levels of NuRD complex proteins, including Mbd3 protein, in the brains of epileptic animals. The present study investigated whether the Mbd3 protein determines the seizure threshold. An increase in Mbd3 protein levels was demonstrated in the entorhinal cortex/amygdala in the rat’s brain 4 hours after pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures. Reduction of Mbd3 level using shRNA coding AAV vector injected to the amygdala prolonged the latency time to the onset of an acute seizure in the PTZ challenge test. This was accompanied by increased anxiety in the open field test. An overexpression of Mbd3 using AAV decreased anxiety, increased their excitability in the open field test, and accelerated epileptogenesis in the PTZ-kindling model. mRNA profiling with RNA-seq upon increased expression of MBD3 was performed in a model of magnesium deficiency-induced epileptiform discharges in vitro, revealing time- and state-specific gene expression changes. Our data indicate the pro-epileptic properties of the Mbd3 protein in vivo and in vitro.
Advanced energy scale correction techniques for the X-ray Transition Edge Sensors of the Athena mission
Authors: Cucchetti Edoardo , Smith Stephen J. , Witthoeft Michael C. , Eckart Megan E. , Pajot François , Porter Frederick S. , Peille Philippe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) onboard the future European X-ray telescope Athena will be the first space instrument carrying an array of more than a thousand transition edge sensors. One of the key challenges of the X-IFU is the measurement of narrow X-ray atomic lines to determine velocity shifts at an unprecedented level of accuracy. For this reason, the energy scale of the instrument needs to be known with extreme accuracy, of 0.4 eV at the 1-sigma level up to 7 keV. The energy scale will be measured on the ground through a dedicated calibration campaign using fiducial X-ray sources. Though calibrated, the energy scale is extremely sensitive to the environmental conditions around the TES array, as well as to possible drifts in the readout chain electronics. Left uncorrected, the energy scale can naturally drift up to hundreds of eVs. Changes of the TES gain will be monitored via onboard X-ray calibration sources, and the energy scale will be corrected accordingly either per pixel, or within a small groups of pixels. Although simulations show that a 0.4 eV level can be achieved, the very high accuracy required by the X-IFU calls for experimental validation. A dedicated measurement campaign has been performed by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center to characterize the energy scale of a prototype kilo-pixel array of X-IFU-representative TESs. The analysis of the data demonstrated the ability to correct for various drifts using two fiducial lines to track the temporal gain variation. In this paper, we propose to extend this study on the same data set by investigating multi-parameter correction techniques based on both the pulse-height of the fiducial line and the pre-pulse baseline level, utilizing the knowledge of the TES set point acquired on the ground. Investigations on the co-adding of pixels to perform a joint correction over pools of pixels is also explored.
Expression patterns of Piezo1 in the developing mouse forebrain
Authors: Kim Hye Yoon , Kang Bokeum , Lee Pa Reum , Kim Kyungmin , Hong Gyu-Sang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Malformation during cortical development can disrupt the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neural circuits, contributing to various psychiatric and developmental disorders. One of the critical factors of cortical neural networks is the fine regulation of neurogenesis through mechanical cues, such as shear stress and substrate stiffness. Piezo1, a mechanically-activated channel, serves as a transducer for these mechanical cues, regulating embryogenesis. However, specific cell-type expression patterns of this channel during cortical development have not yet been characterized. In the present study, we conducted an RNAscope experiment to visualize the location of Piezo1 transcripts with embryonic neuronal/glial lineage cell markers. Our analysis covered coronal sections of the mouse forebrain on embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5), E14.5, E16.5, and E18.5. In addition, applying Yoda1, a specific Piezo1 agonist, evoked distinct calcium elevation in piriform cortices of E16.5 and E18.5 embryonic slices. Furthermore, pharmacological activation or inhibition of this channel significantly modulated the migration of neurosphere-derived cells in vitro. These findings contribute valuable insights to the field of mechanobiology and provide an understanding of the intricate processes underlying embryonic brain development.
Machine learning predicts student exam performance with high sensitivity allowing personalized interventions
Authors: Seneviratne Thilanka , Manathunga Supun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In the realm of medical education, evaluating student performance is crucial for refining teaching strategies and identifying areas of improvement. This study explores the potential of using exam scores to predict future academic outcomes. By employing statistical methods and machine learning we investigate how scores from different exams interrelate and influence student progress.
Methods
The study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. The results of the Foundation (F), Systematic Pharmacology 1 (S1) and Systematic Pharmacology 2 (S2) examinations of three consecutive batches of medical students were extracted and de-identified. The data set was randomly split into a 70% training set and a 30% test. A multiple linear regression model, random forest model, k-nearest neighbour model and a support-vector machine model were fit to predict the score of S2 using F and S1 scores. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed on training data to predict the performance of S1 and S2 using marks of the preceding examinations. The linear regression model was validated by running the predictions on the test set. The accuracy measures were calculated for the cutoff score established by the training data. Odds ratios were computed to assess the association between failing an exam and the likelihood of failing the subsequent exams.
Results
The results of 583 students were analyzed. The multiple linear regression model had a residual standard error of 8.21 and an adjusted R squared value of 0.45. The F statistic was 84.5 (p-value < 0.001). The ROC curve for the model predicting S2 performance using the linear combination of F and S1 scores had an AUC of 87% for training data and 88% for testing data. The sensitivity and the specificity for unseen test data were 100% and 64.7% respectively.
Conclusion
S2 performance could be predicted using the F and S1 scores with 100% sensitivity and 64.7% specificity. Thus, this model could be used in the early identification of students with a potential to fail in future exams which will enable early and personalized interventions and implementation of corrective measures.
Wetland water quality assessment of eco-engineered landscaping practices: a case study of constructed wetland parks in Hangzhou
Authors: Huang Yan , Li Tianjie , Jin Yang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Urban constructed water quality treatment (WQT) wetlands are often applied to be integrated with ecological engineered landscaping (EEL) measures for wastewater treatments. This study aims to identify the interrelationships between the hydrological factors and pollutant removal contributions of typical WQT wetlands at each WQT stage, i.e., subsurface flow wetlands (SSF), vertical flow wetlands (VF), free surface flow wetland (FSF), floating wetland island (FWI), aeration ponds (APs), and ornamental ponds (OPs) in four typical wetland parks in Hangzhou, China. Water quality indices (WQIs) of wetland parks have been monitored. Interactive comparisons and correlations between hydrological indicators and WQIs (i.e., pH, DO, NH3-N, CODCr, and TP) are developed, while the removal contribution of each WQI was explained. It is found that each stage had heterogeneous effects on wastewater treatment due to various geo-ecological factors, including hydraulic conditions, plant type, and microbial microenvironment, whereas the temperature of waterbodies affected WQT performances at full sites in all seasons. Three corresponding EEL guiding principles were derived, i.e., optimising the EEL measures, adapting planting methods, and incorporating multifunctional design and adaptive management. The findings will be helpful for improving the efficacy of WQT stages as one of the potential ecosystem services provided by wetland parks.
Construction of a rural water environment management system from the perspective of ecocivilization
Authors: Chen Feng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ecological protection of rural water resources is not only related to people's living environment, but also affects their drinking water safety. Currently, the water environment in rural areas is severely polluted and lacks an effective management system. To improve the effectiveness and efficiency of rural water environment management and to improve the development of rural water resources, this paper conducts in-depth research and exploration on the construction of a rural water environment management system from the perspective of ecological civilization. This article first analyzes the causes, impacts, and current situation of rural water resource pollution. Then, from the perspective of ecological civilization, it analyzes the necessity of building a rural water environment management system, and explores measures to reform the rural water environment management system with the goal of maximizing water resource benefits. To verify the effectiveness of the management system, this article conducted comparative experiments on the construction of water environment management systems from three perspectives: water quality, water pollution level, and water resource utilization rate. The results show that compared with before construction, the water resource utilization rate after establishing a management system has increased by 32.4%.
CAML: Cryptographic-Based Cloud Security for Healthcare Data with Machine Learning Technique
Authors: M.H. Chaithra , S. Vagdevi 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The Cloud model is one of the most realistic frameworks with a vast
range of social networking interactions. In medical data, security is a major constraint as it incorporates information about the patients. The cloud environment subjected to mobility and openness
is exposed to security issues and limits authorization levels for data transmission.

Objective:
This paper aims to propose a security model for attack prevention within the healthcare
environment.

Method:
The proposed Cryptographic Attribute-based Machine Learning (CAML) scheme incorporates three stages. Initially, the homomorphic encryption escrow is performed for secure data
transmission in the cloud. Secondly, the information of the users is evaluated based on the consideration of users' authorization. The authorization process for the users is carried out with the attribute-based ECC technique. Finally, the ML model with the classifier is applied for the detection
and classification of attacks in the medical network.

Results:
The detected attack is computed and processed with the CNN model. Simulation analysis
is performed for the proposed CAML with conventional ANN, CNN, and RNN models. The simulation analysis of proposed CAML achieves a higher accuracy of 0.96 while conventional SVM,
RF, and DT achieve an accuracy of 0.82, 0.89 and 0.93, respectively.

Conclusion:
Conclusion: With the analysis, it is concluded that the proposed CAML model achieves higher
classification accuracy for attack detection and prevention in the cloud computing environment.
Assessment of Panoramic Radiograph Errors: An Evaluation of Patient Preparation and Positioning Quality at Soelastri Dental and Oral Hospital
Authors: Suparno Nilasary Rochmanita , Faizah Ariyani , Nafisah Ahda Nasfa 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Dental radiography is an important component of comprehensive patient care. One of the most frequently used extraoral radiographic techniques is panoramic radiography. Panoramic radiographs lose value when the quality of the diagnostic radiographs is poor. In their application, there are still many errors that occur in panoramic radiographs.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the quality and frequency of panoramic radiograph errors due to patient preparation and positioning errors at the Soelastri Dental and Oral Hospital, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (RSGM Soelastri UMS), Indonesia.

Methods:
This type of research is descriptive, quantitative, observational, and takes a retrospective approach. A total of 312 panoramic radiographs of patients at RSGM Soelastri UMS from January to December 2021 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken at random stages and evaluated. Radiographs were compared with ideal quality, given a National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) rating, and the frequency of errors that occurred was evaluated.

Results:
The most common rating obtained on panoramic radiographs in this study was 2 of 173 (55.45%). The frequency of preparation errors was 1.22%, while the frequency of patient position errors was 98.78%. The highest patient position error was not placing the tongue on the palate, which was 49.68%.

Conclusion:
The quality of panoramic radiographs at RSGM Soelastri UMS in the period from January–December 2021 generally has a rating of 2, according to the NRPB, and there are still errors in patient preparation and positioning.