bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microphysiological Modeling of Gingival Tissues and Host‐Material Interactions Using Gingiva‐on‐Chip
Authors: Muniraj Giridharan , Tan Rachel Hui Shuen , Dai Yichen , Wu Ruige , Alberti Massimo , Sriram Gopu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGingiva plays a crucial barrier role at the interface of teeth, tooth‐supporting structures, microbiome, and external agents. To mimic this complex microenvironment, an in vitro microphysiological platform and biofabricated full‐thickness gingival equivalents (gingiva‐on‐chip) within a vertically stacked microfluidic device is developed. This design allowed long‐term and air‐liquid interface culture, and host‐material interactions under flow conditions. Compared to static cultures, dynamic cultures on‐chip enabled the biofabrication of gingival equivalents with stable mucosal matrix, improved epithelial morphogenesis, and barrier features. Additionally, a diseased state with disrupted barrier function representative of gingival/oral mucosal ulcers is modeled. The apical flow feature is utilized to emulate the mechanical action of mouth rinse and integrate the assessment of host‐material interactions and transmucosal permeation of oral‐care formulations in both healthy and diseased states. Although the gingiva‐on‐chip cultures have thicker and more mature epithelium, the flow of oral‐care formulations induced increased tissue disruption and cytotoxic features compared to static conditions. The realistic emulation of mouth rinsing action facilitated a more physiological assessment of mucosal irritation potential. Overall, this microphysiological system enables biofabrication of human gingiva equivalents in intact and ulcerated states, providing a miniaturized and integrated platform for downstream host‐material and host‐microbiome applications in gingival and oral mucosa research.
Biomimetic Structural Protein Based Magnetic Responsive Scaffold for Enhancing Bone Regeneration by Physical Stimulation on Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis
Authors: Liang Hai‐Feng , Zou Yan‐Pei , Hu An‐Nan , Wang Ben , Li Juan , Huang Lei , Chen Wei‐Sin , Su Di‐Han , Xiao Lan , Xiao Yin , Ma Yi‐Qun , Li Xi‐Lei , Jiang Li‐Bo , Dong Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe bone matrix has distinct architecture and biochemistry which present a barrier to synthesizing bone‐mimetic regenerative scaffolds. To mimic the natural structures and components of bone, biomimetic structural decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM)/regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) scaffolds incorporated with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are prepared using a facile synthetic methodology. The ECM/RSF/MNP scaffold is a hierarchically organized and interconnected porous structure with silk fibroin twined on the collagen nanofibers. The scaffold demonstrates saturation magnetization due to the presence of MNP, along with good cytocompatibility. Moreover, the β‐sheet crystalline domain of RSF and the chelated MNP could mimic the deposition of hydroxyapatite and enhance compressive modulus of the scaffold by ≈20%. The results indicate that an external static magnetic field (SMF) with a magnetic responsive scaffold effectively promotes cell migration, osteogenic differentiation, neogenesis of endotheliocytes in vitro, and new bone formation in a critical‐size femur defect rat model. RNA sequencing reveals that the molecular mechanisms underlying this osteogenic effect involve calsequestrin‐2‐mediated Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum to activate Ca2+/calmodulin/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II signaling axis. Collectively, bionic magnetic scaffolds with SMF stimulation provide a potent strategy for bone regeneration through internal structural cues, biochemical composition, and external physical stimulation on intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis.
18.6% Efficiency All‐Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by a Wide Bandgap Polymer Donor Based on Benzo[1,2‐d:4,5‐d′]bisthiazole
Authors: Wu Peixi , Duan Yuwei , Li Yinfeng , Xu Xiaopeng , Li Ruipeng , Yu Liyang , Peng Qiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe limited selection of wide bandgap polymer donors for all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) is a bottleneck problem restricting their further development and remains poorly studied. Herein, a new wide bandgap polymer, namely PBBTz‐Cl, is designed and synthesized by bridging the benzobisthiazole acceptor block and chlorinated benzodithiophene donor block with thiophene units for application as an electron donor in all‐PSCs. PBBTz‐Cl not only possesses wide bandgap and deep energy levels but also displays strong absorption, high‐planar structure, and good crystallinity, making it a promising candidate for application as a polymer donor in organic solar cells. When paired with the narrow bandgap polymer acceptor PY‐IT, a fibril‐like morphology forms, which facilitates exciton dissociation and charge transport, contributing to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.15% of the corresponding all‐PSCs. Moreover, when introducing another crystalline polymer acceptor BTP‐2T2F into the PBBTz‐Cl:PY‐IT host blend, the absorption ditch in the range of 600–750 nm is filled, and the blend morphology is further optimized with the trap density reducing. As a result, the ternary blend all‐PSCs achieve a significantly improved PCE of 18.60%, which is among the highest values for all‐PSCs to date.
Artificial intelligence for neurodegenerative experimental models
Authors: Marzi Sarah J. , Schilder Brian M. , Nott Alexi , Frigerio Carlo Sala , Willaime‐Morawek Sandrine , Bucholc Magda , Hanger Diane P. , James Charlotte , Lewis Patrick A. , Lourida Ilianna , Noble Wendy , Rodriguez‐Algarra Francisco , Sharif Jalil‐Ahmad , Tsalenchuk Maria , Winchester Laura M. , Yaman Ümran , Yao Zhi ,   The Deep Dementia Phenotyping (DEMON) Network, Ranson Janice M. , Llewellyn David J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONExperimental models are essential tools in neurodegenerative disease research. However, the translation of insights and drugs discovered in model systems has proven immensely challenging, marred by high failure rates in human clinical trials.METHODSHere we review the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in experimental medicine for dementia research.RESULTSConsidering the specific challenges of reproducibility and translation between other species or model systems and human biology in preclinical dementia research, we highlight best practices and resources that can be leveraged to quantify and evaluate translatability. We then evaluate how AI and ML approaches could be applied to enhance both cross‐model reproducibility and translation to human biology, while sustaining biological interpretability.DISCUSSIONAI and ML approaches in experimental medicine remain in their infancy. However, they have great potential to strengthen preclinical research and translation if based upon adequate, robust, and reproducible experimental data.HighlightsThere are increasing applications of AI in experimental medicine.We identified issues in reproducibility, cross‐species translation, and data curation in the field.Our review highlights data resources and AI approaches as solutions.Multi‐omics analysis with AI offers exciting future possibilities in drug discovery.
A multidomain intervention against cognitive decline in an at‐risk‐population in Germany: Results from the cluster‐randomized AgeWell.de trial
Authors: Zülke Andrea E. , Pabst Alexander , Luppa Melanie , Roehr Susanne , Seidling Hanna , Oey Anke , Cardona Maria Isabel , Blotenberg Iris , Bauer Alexander , Weise Solveig , Zöllinger Isabel , Sanftenberg Linda , Brettschneider Christian , Döhring Juliane , Lunden Laura , Czock David , Haefeli Walter E. , Wiese Birgitt , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Frese Thomas , Gensichen Jochen , König Hans‐Helmut , Kaduszkiewicz Hanna , Thyrian Jochen René , Riedel‐Heller Steffi G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated the effectiveness of a multidomain intervention to preserve cognitive function in older adults at risk for dementia in Germany in a cluster‐randomized trial.METHODSIndividuals with a Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE) risk score ≥ 9 aged 60 to 77 years were recruited. After randomization of their general practitioner (GP), patients received a multidomain intervention (including optimization of nutrition and medication, and physical, social, and cognitive activity) or general health advice and GP treatment as usual over 24 months. Primary outcome was global cognitive performance (composite z score, based on domain‐specific neuropsychological tests).RESULTSOf 1030 participants at baseline, n = 819 completed the 24‐month follow‐up assessment. No differences regarding global cognitive performance (average marginal effect = 0.010, 95% confidence interval: –0.113, 0.133) were found between groups at follow‐up. Perceived restrictions in intervention conduct by the COVID‐19 pandemic did not impact intervention effectiveness.DISCUSSIONThe intervention did not improve global cognitive performance.Highlights
Overall, no intervention effects on global cognitive performance were detected.
The multidomain intervention improved health‐related quality of life in the total sample.
In women, the multidomain intervention reduced depressive symptoms.
The intervention was completed during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Numerical study of paraffin and glass fiber composites for thermal management of lithium‐ion battery packs
Authors: Huo Zhaorui , Hong Xiaobo , Li Yanyan , Chen Zihan , Ruan Dianbo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) have garnered significant interest in the field of passive cooling for lithium‐ion batteries in recent years due to their simple structure, low cost, and stable performance. This paper introduces a passive thermal management strategy based on nonuniform paraffin (PA) and glass fiber for battery modules. It explores the impact of glass fiber on the thermal conductivity and structural strength of PA, as well as the thermal management performance of the composite phase change battery module that combines the two materials. The findings reveal that the composite phase change module with a glass fiber mass fraction of 60%, operating at a discharge rate of 3C, maintains a temperature 0.76°C lower than that of the air‐cooling module. This reduction results in a decreased maximum temperature difference between the modules from 7.3 to 5.0°C and a decrease in the maximum temperature ratio from 16.9% to 11.6%. Moreover, compared to the PA phase change module, heat transfer to adjacent cells decreases by approximately 10% during thermal runaway, effectively suppressing thermal propagation. Additionally, the incorporation of glass fiber in this scheme enhances the compressive strength of the module by a factor of 9.81. This study presents a novel method to address the thermal management needs of batteries for heat dissipation and thermal insulation.
Molecular docking, synthesis, anticancer activity, and metabolomics study of boronic acid ester‐containing fingolimod derivatives
Authors: Doyduk Doğukan , Derkus Burak , Sari Buse , Eylem Cemil Can , Nemutlu Emirhan , Yıldırır Yılmaz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, drugs that contain boronic acid groups, such as ixazomib (Ninlaro™) and bortezomib (Velcade™), have been used in the treatment of bone marrow cancer. The activity of compounds has been found to increase with the addition of boron atoms to the structure. In addition to these compounds, studies have found that fingolimod (FTY720) is more effective against breast cancer than cisplatin. Therefore, in this study, the first examples of boron‐containing derivatives of fingolimod were designed and synthesized; in addition, their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized boron‐containing drug candidates were found to significantly inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis‐mediated cell death in HT‐29 (colorectal cells), SaOs‐2 (osteosarcoma cells), and U87‐MG (glioblastoma cells). Moreover, we revealed that the anticancer effects of boron‐containing fingolimod compounds were found to be significantly enhanced over boron‐free control groups and, strikingly, over the widely used anticancer drug 5‐fluorouracil. The metabolomic analysis confirmed that administration of the boron‐containing drug candidates induces significant changes in the metabolite profiles in HT‐29, SaOs‐2, and U87‐MG cells. Altogether, our results showed that boron‐containing fingolimod compounds can be further examined to reveal their potential as anticancer drug candidates.
Über das Verhalten von Stickstoff gegenüber flüssigem Eisen und über die Entkohlungsreaktion
Authors: von Bogdandy L. , Schmolke R. , Stranski I. N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReaktionsgeschwindigkeiten der Gase N2, CO und CO2 mit flüssigem Eisen werden im Induktionsofen bei kontrollierter Gaszusammensetzung und verschiedenen Drucken untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, daß für den Übergang der Gase in das Metall und umgekehrt die Diffusion durch eine dünne Grenzschicht der flüssigen Phase geschwindigkeitsbestimmend ist.Eine Untersuchung der Keimbildung von CO‐Gasblasen in der flüssigen Phase geht von theoretischen Betrachtungen aus. Gemäß der Theorie von Volmer und Stranski kann eine homogene Keimbildung wegen der sehr hohen Keimbildungsarbeiten nicht stattfinden. Die Entstehung von Gasblasen ist an Grenzflächen gebunden. Es werden deshalb die geometrischen Verhältnisse an Grenzflächen, wie der Einfluß von Rissen und Zerklüftungen, diskutiert. Hieraus folgt, daß vor allem der Benetzungswinkel zwischen flüssigem Eisen, Gasphase und Tiegelmaterial von Bedeutung ist.Die Bedingungen für den störungsfreien Ablauf der CO‐Blasenkeimbildung und damit für die technisch betriebene Entkohlungsreaktion wurden klargestellt.
Untersuchung des Kristallfeldeinflusses auf die 35Cl‐Kernquadrupolresonanz in C‐Cl‐Bindungen
Authors: Biedenkapp Dieter , Weiss Alarich 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn einer Reihe von Molekülverbindungen der Trichloressigsäure mit Aldehyden, Ketonen, Säuren, Estern, Alkoholen, Phenolen und Äthern sowie an Salzen der Trichloressigsäure wurden die 35Cl‐Kernquadrupolresonanzfrequenzen bei 77 °K untersucht. Aus den Messungen wird der Einfluß des Kristallfeldes auf die Kernquadrupolresonanz von 35Cl in C‐Cl‐Bindungen abgeschätzt. Es ergibt sich eine auf das Kristallfeld zurückzuführende mittlere Frequenzverschiebung in den Molekülverbindungen von ±0,6 MHz. Diese Verschiebung ist als Unsicherheitsfaktor bei der Diskussion der C‐Cl‐Bindung auf Grund KQR‐spektroskopischer Untersuchungen zu beachten. Einige Schlüsse über die Struktur der Trichloressigsäureadditionsverbindungen sowie der Salze der Trichloressigsäure werden mit Hilfe der Kernquadrupolresonanz an 35Cl gezogen.
Dampfdruck von Mehrkomponenten‐Elektrolytlösungen
Authors: Schönert Hansjürgen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEs wird eine Methode beschrieben, die es gestattet, aus Dampfdruckmessungen an Lösungen mit zwei nichtflüchtigen Elektrolyten die Aktivitätskoeffizienten der zwei gelösten Komponenten zu berechnen. Sie wird an den Systemen H2O‐CsCl‐KCl, H2O‐LiCl‐KCl und H2O‐LiCl‐CsCl vorgeführt.
Dampfdruckmessungen an dem System Wasser‐Chlorwasserstoff Wolframatokieselsäure bei 25°C
Authors: Pelzer Heinz , Schönert Hansjürgen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEs werden Dampfdruckmessungen an wäßrigen Lösungen von Salzsäure und Wolframatokieselsäure mitgeteilt, die in einer nach der Mitführungsmethode arbeitenden Apparatur durchgeführt worden sind. Aus den osmotischen Koeffizienten werden die Aktivitätskoeffizienten der zwei gelösten Komponenten berechnet und mit solchen in Systemen mit zwei niedrigmolekularen Elektrolyten verglichen.
Phosphine‐Catalyzed [4+3] Annulation Reaction of Indole Derivatives with MBH Carbonates: A Facile Access to Indole‐1,2‐fused 1,4‐Diazepinones and Azepines
Authors: Zhu Yannan , Jiang Haoran , Wang Yi‐Ning 
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive SummaryA phosphine‐catalyzed [4+3] annulation between dinucleophilic indole derivatives and Morita−Baylis−Hillman (MBH) carbonates was discovered by using the N1 and N4′/C4′ nucleophilicities of the indole precursors, in which indoles act as four atom synthons. This protocol provides an efficient and facile access to indole‐1,2‐fused 1,4‐diazepinones and azepines in good to high yields in one step, which illustrates potential synthetic utilities in drug discovery.
On the questionable use ofCIEL* to infer geometric properties of achromatic perception
Authors: Berthier Michel , Provenzi Edoardo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the paper “The non‐Riemannian nature of perceptual color space,” the authors analyze the data of visual experiments conducted using triad of CIE achromatic stimuli. The statistical analysis of their results leads them to claim that the axis cannot be endowed with a Riemannian metric coherent with observers' responses. In this communication we provide a mathematical analysis which, in our opinion, refutes the main claim of the quoted paper. Furthermore, we raise questions on the soundness of using an achromatic perceptual coordinate to describe non‐chromatic perception. We inform about an alternative in which achromaticity emerges from the very act of observing colors (Provenzi E. SIAM J Imag Sci, 15(4):1944–1976, 2022; Berthier M, Provenzi E. Proc R Soc A, 478(2258):20210508, 2022).
TIMP1 is an early biomarker for detection and prognosis of lung cancer
Authors: Dantas Ezequiel , Murthy Anirudh , Ahmed Tanvir , Ahmed Mujmmail , Ramsamooj Shakti , Hurd Maurice A. , Lam Tiffany , Malbari Murtaza , Agrusa Christopher , Elemento Olivier , Zhang Chen , Pappin Darryl J. , McGraw Timothy E. , Stiles Brendon M. , Altorki Nasser K. , Goncalves Marcus D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer remains the major cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Early stages of lung cancer are characterized by long asymptomatic periods that are ineffectively identified with the current screening programs. This deficiency represents a lost opportunity to improve the overall survival of patients. Serum biomarkers are among the most effective strategies for cancer screening and follow up.MethodsUsing bead‐based multiplexing assays we screened plasma and tumours of the KrasG12D/+; Lkb1f/f (KL) mouse model of lung cancer for cytokines that could be used as biomarkers. We identified tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) as an early biomarker and validated this finding in the plasma of lung cancer patients. We used immunohistochemistry (IHC), previously published single‐cell RNA‐seq and bulk RNA‐seq data to assess the source and expression of TIMP1in the tumour. The prognostic value of TIMP1 was assessed using publicly available human proteomic and transcriptomic databases.ResultsWe found that TIMP1 is a tumour‐secreted protein with high sensitivity and specificity for aggressive cancer, even at early stages in mice. We showed that TIMP1 levels in the tumour and serum correlate with tumour burden and worse survival in mice. We validated this finding using clinical samples from our institution and publicly available human proteomic and transcriptomic databases. These data support the finding that high tumour expression of TIMP1 correlates with an unfavorable prognosis in lung cancer patients.ConclusionTIMP1 is a suitable biomarker for lung cancer detection.
Beyond protected areas: The importance of mixed‐use landscapes for the conservation of Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus)
Authors: Imron Muhammad Ali , Glass Danielle M. , Tafrichan Muhammad , Crego Ramiro D. , Stabach Jared A. , Leimgruber Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElephants were once widely distributed across the Indonesian island of Sumatra but now exist in small, isolated populations. Using the best data available on elephant occurrence, we aimed to (a) predict potential habitat suitability for elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) across the island of Sumatra and (b) model landscape connectivity among the extant elephant populations. We used direct sightings and indirect observations of elephant signs, as well as six remotely sensed proxies of surface ruggedness, vegetation productivity and structure, and human land use and disturbance, to model habitat suitability in a Google Earth Engine (GEE) environment. We validated the habitat suitability prediction using 10‐fold spatial block cross validation and by calculating the area under the precision‐recall curve (AUC‐PR), sensitivity, and specificity for each model iteration. We also used a geolocation dataset collected from global positioning system (GPS) collars fitted on elephants as an independent validation dataset. Models showed good predictive performance with a mean AUC‐PR of 0.73, sensitivity of 0.76, and specificity of 0.68. Greater than 83% of the independent GPS collar geolocations were located in predicted suitable habitat. We found human modification, surface ruggedness, and normalized difference vegetation index to be the most important variables for predicting suitable elephant habitat. Thirty‐two percent, or 135,646 km2, of Sumatra's land area was predicted to be suitable habitat, with 43 patches of suitable habitat located across Sumatra. Areas with high connectivity were concentrated in the Riau and North Sumatra provinces. Though our analysis highlights the need to improve the quality of data collected on Sumatran elephants, more suitable habitat remains on Sumatra than is used by known populations. Targeted habitat conservation, especially of the suitable habitat in and around the Lamno, Balai Raja, Tesso Tenggara, Tesso Utara, Bukit Tigapuluh, Seblat, Padang Sugihan, and Bukit Barisan Selatan ranges, may improve the long‐term viability of this critically endangered species.
Stochastic simulation of earthquake ground motions for the seismic assessment of monumental masonry structures: Source‐based vs site‐based approaches
Authors: Karimzadeh Shaghayegh , Funari Marco F. , Szabó Simon , Hussaini S. M. Sajad , Rezaeian Sanaz , Lourenço Paulo B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEarthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters and have resulted in a massive number of fatalities and economic losses all over the world. Simulated ground motion records are valuable, particularly for regions lacking seismic stations or with a limited history of large‐magnitude earthquakes. Notably, a significant percentage of monumental masonry buildings are located in regions with limited access to real records; hence, simulated records play a paramount role in their seismic protection. However, few studies have investigated the structural response of heritage buildings via response history analyses to assess the performance of simulated earthquakes against real ones. To accomplish this, this study simulates the recorded time‐series of the 9th of July 1998 Faial earthquake in the Azores (Mw = 6.2) at four available stations, using two different simulation approaches, that is, a source‐based stochastic finite‐fault method and a site‐based broadband stochastic method. First, two masonry facades with sidewalls characterized by different slenderness levels are adopted to conduct this research. Moreover, the proposed approach is also applied to an existing monumental structure, that is, São Francisco Church, located at Horta, which was affected by damage during the Faial earthquake. Results demonstrate that both simulation approaches provide similar results in terms of structural response prediction. The proposed framework also demonstrates that a small mismatch in terms of predicted damage patterns can result in a significant relative error in terms of displacement predictions.