bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Early Antidepressant Efficacy in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder Based on Multidimensional Features of rs-fMRI and P11 Gene DNA Methylation: Prédiction de l’efficacité précoce d’un antidépresseur chez des patients souffrant du trouble dépressif majeur d’après les caractéristiques multidimensionnelles de la méthylation de l’ADN du gène P11 et de la IRMf-rs
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Gao Chenjie , Li Jiaxing , Li Lei , Yue Yingying , Liu Xiaoyun , Chen Suzhen , Hou Zhenghua , Yin Yingying , Jiang Wenhao , Xu Zhi , Kong Youyong , Yuan Yonggui 
Published: November 2023

Objective This study established a machine learning model based on the multidimensional data of resting-state functional activity of the brain and P11 gene DNA methylation to predict the early efficacy of antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods A total of 98 Han Chinese MDD were analysed in this study. Patients were divided into 51 responders and 47 nonresponders according to whether the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 items (HAMD-17) reduction rate was ≥50% after 2 weeks of antidepressant treatment. At baseline, the Illumina HiSeq Platform was used to detect the methylation of 74 CpG sites of the P11 gene in peripheral blood samples. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scan detected the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and functional connectivity (FC) in 116 brain regions. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis method was used to perform feature reduction and feature selection. Four typical machine learning methods were used to establish support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), Naïve Bayes (NB), and logistic regression (LR) prediction models based on different combinations of functional activity of the brain, P11 gene DNA methylation and clinical/demographic features after screening. Results The SVM model based on ALFF, ReHo, FC, P11 methylation, and clinical/demographic features showed the best performance, with 95.92% predictive accuracy and 0.9967 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, which was better than RF, NB, and LR models. Conclusion The multidimensional data features combining rs-fMRI, DNA methylation, and clinical/demographic features can predict the early antidepressant efficacy in MDD.
Development of non-dominated sorting differential evolution algorithm for cure cycle optimization of industrial composite parts
Authors: Zade Anita , Neogi Swati , Kuppusamy Raghu Raja Pandiyan 
Published: November 2023

The main objective of this work is to develop a robust cost-effective in-house coded non-dominated sorting differential evolution (NSDE) algorithm to optimize the thermal-cure process through the minimization of part thickness thermal gradients and cure time of glass fibre-vinyl ester-based automotive bonnet and a carbon fibre-RTM6-based aircraft wing flap composite parts. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm was examined with the in-house coded NSGA-II and trial and error process simulations in terms of thermal gradient, cure time, and cure progression at the applied temperature cycles. At first, the NSDE and NSGA-II algorithms were developed for the simultaneous minimization of thermal gradients and cure time. Subsequently, the optimized thermal-cure profiles were obtained from trial-error simulations by manually changing the mould heating parameters. From the results, NSDE algorithm was found to be effective in achieving faster convergence with less cure process and computational time when compared to the NSGA-II algorithm. The NSDE algorithm performed effectively in terms of thermal gradient and cure time with the automated predictions of the mould heating parameters when compared with the trial and error process. From the results, the NSDE algorithm predicted a lower thermal gradient of 0.0008 K and 0.0022 K as well as cure times of 40 min and 35 min for the bonnet and wing flap parts, respectively.
Influence of formaldehyde exposure on the molecules of the NO/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway in different brain regions of Balb/c mice
Authors: Huang Xiaoxiao , Cao Fenghua , Zhao Wei , Ma Ping , Yang Xu , Ding Shumao 
Published: November 2023

This toxicology study was conducted to assess the impact of formaldehyde, a common air pollutant found in Chinese gymnasiums, on the brain function of athletes. In this research, a total of 24 Balb/c male mice of SPF-grade were divided into four groups, each consisting of six mice. The mice were exposed to formaldehyde at different concentrations, including 0 mg/m3, 0.5 mg/m3, 3.0 mg/m3, and 3.0 mg/m3 in combination with an injection of L-NMMA (NG-monomethyl-L-arginine), which is a nitric oxide synthase antagonist. Following a one-week test period (8 h per day, over 7 days), measurements of biomarkers related to the nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway were carried out on the experimental animals post-treatment. The study found that: (1) Exposure to formaldehyde can lead to brain cell apoptosis and neurotoxicity; (2) Additionally, formaldehyde exposure was found to alter the biomarkers of the NO/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway, with some changes being statistically significant ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01); (3) The use of L-NMMA, an antagonist of the NO/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway, was found to prevent these biomarker changes and had a protective effect on brain cells. The study suggests that the negative impact of formaldehyde on the brain function of mice is linked to the regulation of the NO/cGMP-cAMP signaling pathway.
Experiences of transition from hospital to community living via the Pathways to Community Living Initiative: A qualitative evaluation study of service users and family members
Authors: O’Shea Peri , Williams Kathryn E 
Published: November 2023

Objective People with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) may be excluded from community-based care if their complex support needs cannot be met and are at risk of institutionalisation. The Pathways to Community Living Initiative (PCLI) aims to address barriers to community living. This study evaluated the PCLI from the perspective of service users and family members. Methods Evaluation questions were explored in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were coded inductively and deductively. This article adheres to relevant EQUATOR standards for qualitative research and reporting. Results There were 37 interviews with 27 service users and 12 family members. Factors associated with positive experiences of transition from hospital included detailed planning, personalised care, and staged transitions which alleviated concerns around safety, support, and coping. Community living provided opportunities to exercise greater choice and control in everyday life and, for some, to reconnect with family. Poor physical health and social isolation were noted as potential risks. Conclusions Participants regarded community living as preferable to hospital settings, and highly valued their freedom. They reported that clinical, aged care and disability supports helped them. Additional support may be required to improve physical health and social connectedness, and families appear to have unmet needs for psychosocial support.
Impact of Integrated Vascular Surgery Residency on General Surgery Resident and Vascular Fellow Operative Volume: A National Analysis
Authors: Kim Young , Cui Christina L. , Williams Zachary F. , Long Chandler A. 
Published: November 2023

Background The impact of integrated vascular surgery (VS) residency (0 + 5) programs on general surgery (GS) resident and VS fellow (5 + 2) operative volume has not been investigated on a national scale. Methods Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) case logs were reviewed for GS resident, VS resident, and VS fellow operative volume from 2001-2021. Integrated VS resident data was available from 2012-2021, corresponding with the introduction of the 0 + 5 paradigm. Trends in operative volume were evaluated via linear regression analysis. Results The national cohort of chief GS resident graduates increased from 1005 to 1357 per year. Total operative volume also increased from 932 to 1039 cases (+7.4 cases/yr, R2 = .80, P < .0001) among GS residents. Major vascular cases decreased among GS residents from 138 to 101 cases (−2.4 cases/yr, R2 = .58, P < .0001) with a decrease in proportion of chief-level vascular cases from 30.4% to 11.9% (−1.0%/yr, R2 = .92, P < .0001). Palliative procedures (amputations and hemodialysis access) comprised a significant proportion of GS cases (median 44.7%). Concurrently, integrated VS graduates increased from 11 to 37 per year, with an increase in major vascular case volume from 506 to 658 cases (+18.4 cases/yr, R2 = .63, P = .01). Total VS fellow major case volume also increased from 369 to 444 cases (+3.5 cases/yr, R2 = .73, P < .0001). Conclusions The introduction of the 0 + 5 intgrated VS residency paradigm has correlated with a significant decrease in GS operative experience in major vascular procedures on a national level. Traditional VS fellow case volume does not appear to be impacted by 0 + 5 integrated residents. Further analysis with program-level data may help to explain the causative relationship of these findings.
Investigating the Conceptual Model of Child–Nature Interaction in Architectural Spaces Using Grounded Theory
Authors: Soleimani Sara , Molanaei Salahedin , Khorshidi Babak , Nedaei Chakameh , Ghamari Hessam 
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To explore factors affecting the quality of child–nature interaction (CNI) based on the views and desires of children themselves and to offer solutions and strategies to provide this kind of spaces. Background: CNI is one of the most important needs of children which causes very profound effects on the psyche of children from different aspects. Space and context that have the ability and characteristics to provide opportunities to establish this interaction have an important role in the cognitive and social development of children. Methods: The qualitative data were collected by draw-and-write technique from a study of 119 children aged 2–6 years from five nursery schools located in the city of Hamedan, Iran. Then, the qualitative data were coded based on the grounded theory using three main steps of open, axial, and selective coding and a conceptual model of CNI is provided by the MAXQDA software. Results: The conceptual model developed from CNI consisted of seven core categories: “intertwining with nature,” “objective natural elements,” “nature conservation,” “colors,” “exaggerated plant perceptions,” “path perceptions,” and “nature-home similarity.” Conclusions: To reach an optimal CNI within architectural spaces, thus children should have a sense of belonging to nature, be engaged in it, and protect surrounding natural elements. It is of utmost importance to reflect on some points, such as colors, familiar signs, scales, natural elements, the boundary between natural environments and interior spaces, and natural element circulation and placement in designing and planning spaces made specifically for children.
Efficacy and safety of percutaneous cement discoplasty in the management of degenerative spinal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grewal Sahibjot Singh , Hirsch Joshua A , Cancelliere Nicole M , Ghozy Sherief , Pereira Vitor Mendes , Dmytriw Adam A 
Published: November 2023

Background Percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) is a minimally invasive procedure. We aim to explore the efficacy and indication(s) of PCD in patients with degenerative disc disease (DDD). Methods The search was conducted across Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and PubMed. Data on study design, patient demographics, pre- and post-procedure Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, and complications were extracted. Inclusion criteria focused on adult patients with degenerative spinal diseases treated with cement discoplasty. The overall effect size was evaluated using a forest plot, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic and chi-squared test. Results The search strategy yielded six studies, which included 336 patients (73.8% female, 26.2% male) with a mean average age of 74.6 years. VAS scores were reported in all studies, showing a significant difference between pre- and post-PCD pain scores (Weighted Mean Difference [WMD]: -3.45; 95% CI: -3.83, -3.08; I2 = 15%; P < .001). ODI scores were reported in 83% of studies, with a significant difference between pre- and post-PCD scores (WMD: -22.22; 95% CI: -25.54, -18.89; I2 = 61%; p < .001). Complications reported included infections, thrombophlebitis, vertebral fractures, disc extrusion, and the need for further operations. Conclusions The analysis showed clinically significant improvements in pain and functional disability based on VAS and ODI scores. However, due to methodological limitations and a high risk of bias, the validity and generalizability of the findings are uncertain. Despite these issues, the results provide preliminary insights into PCD's potential efficacy and can guide future research to address current limitations.
Enhancing the hospital at home experience
Authors: Towle Rachel Marie , Fan Peijin Esther Monica , Arba’in Juweita , Aloweni Fazila , Lim Siew Hoon , Ang Shin Yuh , Lim Su-Fee 
Published: November 2023

Background Hospital at Home programs have demonstrated to be safe, feasible and cost effective. However, challenges such as infection control, cleanliness, space constraints and insufficient resources may hamper the adoption and effectiveness of such programs. Aims To understand the challenges of providing and receiving healthcare in the community, design a solution to meet the challenges, and to pilot and evaluate the solution. Methods This is a three-phase mixed method study. Phase 1, nurses, patients and caregivers were surveyed to understand their challenges in providing or receiving healthcare at home. Results of the survey in Phase 1 were used in Phase 2 to design a solution. In phase 3, an integrated structure was designed and piloted for stakeholders’ evaluation. Results Twenty nurses and 50 patient-caregiver dyads responded to Phase 1 survey. Physical home environment was most cited by the nurses as their main challenge, particularly the lack of a dedicated and clean space to conduct nursing procedures. Medication management was the greatest challenge faced by the patient-caregiver dyads. Based on these findings, a prototype of an integrated structure was fabricated in Phase 2. Ten patient-caregiver dyads and nine community nurses tested the prototype in Phase 3. The participants found the structure useful to store and organize their healthcare items, and there was ample clean workspace to carry out nursing procedures. Conclusion An integrated structure that can fulfil the physical, spatial and interpersonal needs at an affordable price could be useful in facilitating the delivery of hospital care in the home setting. Patient Contribution Patient-caregiver dyads were key stakeholders in our study. They provided valuable feedback and suggestions on the prototype and design of the integrated structure.
Spleen stiffness determined by spleen-dedicated device accurately predicted esophageal varices in cirrhosis patients
Authors: Liu Jiqing , Xu Hangfei , Liu Weiyuan , Zu Hongmei , Ding Huiguo , Meng Fankun , Zhang Jing 
Published: November 2023

Background: The advantages of spleen stiffness in prediction of high-risk varices (HRV) in cirrhosis patients have been confirmed. Recently, a new device utilizing a 100 Hz probe dedicated to spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) was developed. Objectives: To validate the clinical applicability of SSM@100 Hz in predicting HRV by comparing it with other non-invasive tests (NITs). Design: A prospective cohort study. Methods: A total of 171 cirrhosis patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) examination were included in this study. SSM using a 100 Hz probe and liver stiffness measurement using a 50 Hz probe were performed. Additionally, 22 healthy controls underwent spleen stiffness evaluation using the 100 Hz probe. Results: The failure rates of spleen stiffness examination in patients with cirrhosis and in healthy controls were 2.9% and 4.5%, respectively. The means of SSM values were 56.4 ± 21.6 and 13.8 ± 6.7 kPa in cirrhosis and controls. SSM increased proportionally with the severity of esophageal varices. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for spleen stiffness in predicting HRV was 0.881 (95% confidence interval 0.829–0.934), with a cutoff value of 43.4 kPa. The accuracy, false negative rate and EGD spare rate were 86.5%, 2.5% and 24.3%, respectively. For HRV prediction, SSM was comparable to expanded Baveno VI and VII and superior to other NITs. As to viral versus non-viral cirrhosis and compensated versus decompensated cirrhosis, the cut-off and performance of SSM were different. Conclusion: SSM@100 Hz demonstrates high accuracy in predicting HRV with a low missed HRV rate. Our findings suggest that SSM@100 Hz can be used independently due to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, further studies are needed to determine appropriate cutoff values based on the cause of cirrhosis and liver function. Trail Registration: ChiCTR2300070270.
The hidden depths of suicidal discourse: Network analysis and natural language processing unmask uncensored expression
Authors: Lekkas Damien , Jacobson Nicholas C 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe socially unattractive and stigmatizing nature of suicidal thought and behavior (STB) makes it especially susceptible to censorship across most modern digital communication platforms. The ubiquitous integration of technology with day-to-day life has presented an invaluable opportunity to leverage unprecedented amounts of data to study STB, yet the complex etiologies and consequences of censorship for research within mainstream online communities render an incomplete picture of STB manifestation. Analyses targeting online written content of suicidal users in environments where fear of reproach is mitigated may provide novel insight into modern trends and signals of STB expression.MethodsComplete written content of N = 192 users, including n = 48 identified as potential suicide completers/highest-risk users (HRUs), on the pro-choice suicide forum, Sanctioned Suicide, was modeled using a combination of lexicon-based topic modeling (EMPATH) and exploratory network analysis techniques to characterize and highlight prominent aspects of censorship-free suicidal discourse.ResultsModeling of over 2 million tokens across 37,136 forum posts found higher frequency of positive emotion and optimism among HRUs, emphasis on methods seeking and sharing behaviors, prominence of previously undocumented jargon, and semantics related to loneliness and life adversity.ConclusionThis natural language processing (NLP)- and network-driven exposé of online STB subculture uncovered trends that deserve further attention within suicidology as they may be able to bolster detection, intervention, and prevention of suicidal outcomes and exposures.
Why Do University Students From Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina Play Drinking Games? A Mixed-Method Cross-Country Study
Authors: Zamboanga Byron L. , Ford Kayla , George Amanda M. , Bacon Miller , Olthuis Janine V. , Wickham Robert E. , Pilatti Angelina , Van Hedger Kathryne , Dresler Emma 
Published: November 2023

Qualitative work suggests that young people’s motives for playing drinking games (DGs) extend beyond those assessed in the Motives for Playing Drinking Games (MPDG) measure. Using a mixed-methods approach, we tested whether the 7-factor model of the MPDG would emerge among university students from Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina, and whether their open-ended responses regarding their reasons for playing would map onto the MPDG subscales. Students ( N = 895; ages = 18–30 yrs) completed the MPDG-33 measure and an open-ended-question regarding their reasons for playing DGs. We found support for the 7-factor model of the MPDG among students across sites. Open-ended responses revealed that students were motivated to play for a variety of reasons, some of which overlapped with the MPDG subscales while others did not. We present a conceptual model that considers motives specific to alcohol consumption in the context of a DG and reasons/possible motives for playing a DG given its specific features.
Comparison of 5-Item and 11-Item Modified Frailty Index as Predictors of Functional Independence in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Mouchtouris Nikolaos , Luck Trevor , Locke Katherine , Hines Kevin , Franco Daniel , Yudkoff Clifford , Sivaganesan Ahilan , Heller Joshua , Prasad Srinivas , Harrop James , Jack Jallo  
Published: November 2023

Study Design Retrospective Cohort Study. Introduction The 11-item modified Frailty index (mFI-11) by the ACS-NSQIP database was used to predict which patients are high risk for complications and inpatient mortality. ACS-NSQIP now has switched to the 5-item MFI. However, there are no studies on how these frailty indices fare against each other and their prognostic value of functional independence in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Objective To compare the mFI-5 and mFI-11 in order to standardize frailty assessment in the SCI population. Methods Retrospective analysis of 272,174 patients with SCI from 2010 to 2020 from the Pennsylvania Trauma Systems Foundation (PTSF) registry. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the predictive value of mFI for functional independence as determined by locomotion and transfer mobility. Results A total of 1907 patients were included with a mean age of 46.9 ± 15.1 years. The 3 most common MFI factors were hypertension (32.2%), diabetes mellitus (13.7%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (8.5%). Multivariable logistic regression analyses using MFI-5 and MFI-11 showed that a higher frailty score in MFI-5 (OR 1.375, P < .001) and in MFI-11 (OR 1.366, P < .001) were each predictive of poor functional status at discharge. ROC curves for the MFI-5 (AUC = .818, P < .001) and MFI-11 (AUC = .819, P < .001) demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion The new MFI-5 is equivalent to its predecessor, the MFI-11, and predictive of functional outcomes in patients with SCI. MFI-5 can serve as the preferred frailty index at the point of care and in research contexts.