bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatile constituents from the leaves of four Libanothamus species from the Venezuelan Andes
Authors: Usubillaga A. , Aparicio R. , Romero M. , Rojas L. B. , Khouri N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe essential oil from the leaves of Libanothamus humbertii Cuatr., Libanothamus lucidus (Aristeg) Cuatr., Libanothamus nerifolia (B. ex H) Ernst, and Libanothamus occultus (Blake) Cuatr, collected in the Andes near Merida, were obtained by hydrodistillation. The oil yield varied between 0.05% and 0.13% and monoterpene hydrocarbons constituted 83.6–90% of the oils. Limonene (19.4%) is the most abundant component in L. humbertii, α‐thujene (30.2%) in L. lucidus, sabinene (25.6%) in L. nerifolia and α‐pinene (31.3%) in L. occultus. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Lagrangian boundary element approach to transient three‐dimensional free surface flow in thin cavities
Authors: Zhang Jie , Khayat Roger E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe lubrication theory is extended for transient free‐surface flow of a viscous fluid inside a three‐dimensional thin cavity. The problem is closely related to the filling stage during the injection molding process. The pressure, which in this case is governed by the Laplace's equation, is determined using the boundary element method. A fully Lagrangian approach is implemented for the tracking of the evolving free surface. The domain of computation is the projection of the physical domain onto the (x, y) plane. This approach is valid for simple and complex cavities as illustrated for the cases of a flat plate and a curved plate. It is found that the flow behavior is strongly influenced by the shape of the initial fluid domain, the shape of the cavity, and inlet flow pressure. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical simulation of high‐Reynolds number flow around circular cylinders by a three‐step FEM–BEM model
Authors: Young D. L. , Huang J. L. , Eldho T. I. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn innovative computational model, developed to simulate high‐Reynolds number flow past circular cylinders in two‐dimensional incompressible viscous flows in external flow fields is described in this paper. The model, based on transient Navier–Stokes equations, can solve the infinite boundary value problems by extracting the boundary effects on a specified finite computational domain, using the projection method. The pressure is assumed to be zero at infinite boundary and the external flow field is simulated using a direct boundary element method (BEM) by solving a pressure Poisson equation. A three‐step finite element method (FEM) is used to solve the momentum equations of the flow. The present model is applied to simulate high‐Reynolds number flow past a single circular cylinder and flow past two cylinders in which one acts as a control cylinder. The simulation results are compared with experimental data and other numerical models and are found to be feasible and satisfactory. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical simulation of flow in a circular duct fitted with air‐jet vortex generators
Authors: Küpper Christoph , Henry Frank S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMost of the fundamental studies of the use of air‐jet vortex generators (AJVGs) have concentrated on their potential ability to inhibit boundary layer separation on aerofoils. However, AJVGs may be of use in controlling or enhancing certain features of internal duct flows. For example, they may be of use in controlling the boundary layer at the entrance to engine air intakes, or as a means of increasing mixing and heat transfer. The objective of this paper is to analyse the flow field in the proximity of an air‐jet vortex generator array in a duct by using two local numerical models, i.e. a simple flat plate model and a more geometrically faithful sector model. The sector model mirrors the circular nature of the duct's cross‐section and the centre line conditions on the upper boundary. The flow was assumed fully turbulent and was solved using the finite volume, Navier–Stokes Code CFX 4 (CFDS, AEA Technology, Harwell) on a non‐orthogonal, body‐fitted, grid using the k–ε turbulence model and standard wall functions. Streamwise, vertical and cross‐stream velocity profiles, circulation and peak vorticity decay, peak vorticity paths in cross‐stream and streamwise direction, cross‐stream vorticity profiles and cross‐stream wall shear stress distributions were predicted. Negligible difference in results was observed between the flat plate and the sector model, since the produced vortices were small relative to the duct diameter and close to the surface. The flow field was most enhanced, i.e. maximum thinning of the boundary layer, with a configuration of 30° pitch and 75° skew angle. No significant difference in results could be observed between co‐ and counter‐rotating vortex arrays. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A finite volume–multigrid method for flow simulation on stratified porous media on curvilinear co‐ordinate systems
Authors: Calvo Pablo , Lisbona Francisco 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper presents a numerical study of infiltration processes on stratified porous media. The study is carried out to examine the performance of a finite volume method on problems with discontinuous solutions due to the transmission conditions in the interfaces. To discretize the problem, a curvilinear co‐ordinate system is used. This permits matching the interface with the boundary of the control volumes that interchange fluxes between layers. The use of the multigrid algorithm for the resulting systems of equations allows problems involving a large number of nodes with low computational cost to be solved. Finally, some numerical experiments, which show the capillary barrier behaviour depending on the material used for the different layers and the geometric design of the interface, are presented. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substitution between revenue futures and price futures contracts: A note
Authors: Hennessy David A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn recent years, commercial interest has been expressed in agricultural revenue insurance instruments.
Participating parties may look to futures markets to offset assumed positions. In this note, conditions are
identified such that revenue futures contracts are perfect substitutes for price futures contracts. If these
conditions approximate reality, then it would seem questionable whether sufficient interest would exist to
sustain markets in both futures contracts. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 22:387–391,
2002
Mean Reversion and Basis Dynamics
Authors: Theobald Michael , Yallup Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn analytical relationship between basis change autocorrelations and thin trading effects together with
partial adjustment factors is developed. Less than full price adjustments are demonstrated to lead to negative
autocorrelations in basis innovation series in addition to those induced by thin trading effects. Numerical and
empirical analyses explore the interrelationships between these effects and provide evidence for the presence of
both effects in intradaily cash and futures data. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21:
797–818, 2001
Hedging in Futures and Options Markets with Basis Risk
Authors: Mahul Olivier 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper analyzes the hedging decisions for firms facing price and basis risk. Two conditions assumed in
most models on optimal hedging are relaxed. Hence, (i) the spot price is not necessarily linear in
both the settlement price and the basis risk and (ii) futures contracts and options on futures at
different strike prices are available. The design of the first‐best hedging instrument is first derived
and then it is used to examine the optimal hedging strategy in futures and options markets. The role of options
as useful hedging tools is highlighted from the shape of the first‐best solution. © 2002 John Wiley
& Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 22:59–72, 2002
Genome‐wide search for loss of heterozygosity in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines
Authors: Sobol Hagay , Benziane Athmane , Kerangueven Fabienne , Yin Luo , Noguchi Tetsuro , Pauly Suzanne , Eisinger François , Longy Michel , Romeo Giovanni , Lenoir Gilbert , Birnbaum Daniel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe molecular biological characteristics of Burkitt lymphoma (BL), in addition to the presence of the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) in some forms, relies on well‐characterized alterations, such as MYC translocations and TP53 inactivations. To ascertain the number and location of other genome alterations, we used 191 polymorphic markers in a genome‐wide search for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 31 Burkitt lymphoma cell lines and their normal counterparts. We were able to distinguish two types of altered allelic patterns: a bona fide LOH profile, indicative of deletion (LOH), and a profile indicative of increased dosage (ID). The former type was most frequent at chromosome arm 17p, most likely indicating TP53 gene inactivation. Increased dosage at 1q was found almost exclusively in non‐EBV cell lines (P < 0.00004) and correlated well with karyotypic abnormalities affecting region 1q21‐25. Our results suggest that a gene important for BL pathogenesis is located in region 1q21‐25 and that the activation of this gene mimics the effects of EBV. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gains of 12q are the most frequent genomic imbalances in adult fibrosarcoma and are correlated with a poor outcome
Authors: Schmidt H. , Taubert H. , Würl P. , Kappler M. , Lange H. , Bartel F. , Bache M. , Holzhausen H.‐J. , Hinze R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractComparative genomic hybridization was used to analyze 41 adult fibrosarcomas from 34 patients. Thirty‐one patients showed in their tumors DNA sequence copy number changes (mean 11, range 3–25). The minimal common regions for the most frequent gains were narrowed down to 12q21 (18 cases); 12q14–q15 and 14q22 (16 cases each); 4q22, 7q31, and 14q23–q24 (15 cases each); and 4q21, 4q23–q24, 8q22, and 12q22 (14 cases each). Twenty‐five high‐level amplifications were observed in 12 samples. 12q21 and 18p were affected three times each; and 1p21, 4q31.3, 7p21, 12q14–q15, Xp22.1–p22.2, and Xq22–q23 two times each. Losses were less frequent than gains. Early stages of adult fibrosarcomas were characterized by frequent gains of chromosomes 2, 4q, and 14q, whereas gains of chromosomes 7 and 8q were associated with progression. Gains of 12q were frequent in all of the developmental steps of this soft‐tissue sarcoma. By investigation of several tumors of the same patient, a number of corresponding changes were always detected. Adult fibrosarcomas from patients who died during the observation time showed statistically significant more frequent gains of 8q, 12q, 13q, and 15q compared to the fibrosarcomas of patients who are alive. Gains and high‐level amplifications of 12q14–q22, which were the most frequent genomic imbalances, partly reflected an MDM2 amplification, indicating the importance of this region in the tumorigenesis of sarcomas. In adult fibrosarcomas, a gain of 12q22 correlated significantly (P = 0.028) with a poor overall survival rate. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cryopreserved chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells analyzed by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization after optimized mitogen stimulation
Authors: Karhu Ritva , Vilpo Leena , Isola Jorma , Knuutila Sakari , Vilpo Juhani 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe investigated the utility of multicolor in situ fluorescence hybridization (mFISH) on cryopreserved blood cells from 11 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. The results demonstrate that an individually chosen optimized mitogen combination induces proliferation of neoplastic B‐cells after cryopreservation. Abnormal cells were detected in eight samples by mFISH, and, in six samples, the abnormality could be verified by comparative genomic hybridization or interphase FISH. In addition to typical CLL abnormalities, such as del(11q) or +12, several balanced translocations and single‐cell abnormalities were found. Thus, mFISH can reveal new prognostically relevant chromosome aberrations in CLL. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nearly all hereditary paragangliomas in The Netherlands are caused by two founder mutations in the SDHD gene
Authors: Taschner Peter E.M. , Jansen Jeroen C. , Baysal Bora E. , Bosch Anne , Rosenberg Efraim H. , Bröcker‐Vriends Annette H.J.T. , van der Mey Andel G.L. , van Ommen Gert‐Jan B. , Cornelisse Cees J. , Devilee Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHereditary paragangliomas or glomus tumors are usually benign slow‐growing tumors in the head and neck region. The inheritance pattern of hereditary paraganglioma is autosomal dominant with imprinting. Recently, we have identified the SDHD gene encoding subunit D of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II as one of the genes involved in hereditary paragangliomas. Here, we demonstrate that two founder mutations, Asp92Tyr and Leu139Pro, are responsible for paragangliomas in 24 and 6 of the 32 independently ascertained Dutch paraganglioma families, respectively. These two mutations were also detected among 20 of 55 isolated patients. Ten of the isolated patients had multiple paragangliomas, and in eight of these SDHD germline mutations were found, indicating that multicentricity is a strong predictive factor for the hereditary nature of the disorder in isolated patients. In addition, we demonstrate that the maternally derived wild‐type SDHD allele is lost in tumors from mutation‐carrying patients, indicating that SDHD functions as a tumor suppressor gene. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genomic imbalances in the progression of endocrine pancreatic tumors
Authors: Zhao Jianming , Moch Holger , Scheidweiler Alexander F. , Baer Angela , Schäffer Alejandro A. , Speel Ernst J.M. , Roth Jürgen , Heitz Philipp U. , Komminoth Paul 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEndocrine pancreatic tumors (EPTs) are neoplasms with malignant potential. To explore the molecular basis of metastatic progression in human EPTs, we analyzed 17 paired specimens of primary EPTs and their metastases and 28 nonmetastatic EPTs using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Genomic alterations were detected in all of the matched primary/metastatic tumors and 19 (58%) nonmetastatic EPTs. The mean number of genomic changes was 17.3 in metastases, 12.5 in their primary tumors, and 4.5 in nonmetastatic EPTs. Statistical analysis of shared genomic changes in matched pairs of primary tumors and metastases showed a high probability (>95%) of a clonal relationship in 15 of the 17 cases. A closely related genetic pattern was also demonstrated on the basis of concordance analysis of the two groups. The most striking genomic changes which were enriched in metastases included gains of chromosomes 4 and 7 and losses of 21q. Other common regions of frequent losses (>40%) identified in metastases and/or their primary tumors involved 2p, 2q, 3p, 3q, 6q, 10p, and 11p, whereas frequently detected gains (>40%) in the paired tumors involved 5p, 5q, 12q, 14q, 17q, 18q, and 20q. These chromosomal aberrations were found in significantly fewer nonmetastatic EPTs. Some of these chromosomal loci may harbor genes contributing to the progression of EPT. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel germline RET mutation segregating with papillary thyroid carcinomas
Authors: Rey Jean‐Marc , Brouillet Jean‐Paul , Fonteneau‐Allaire Joëlle , Boneu Andrée , Bastié Delphine , Maudelonde Thierry , Pujol Pascal 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe RET proto‐oncogene is responsible for inherited medullary thyroid cancer syndromes. RET is also found mutated in sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and rearranged in sporadic papillary thyroid carcinomas. Here, we describe a previously unreported germline RET mutation at codon 603 in exon 10 associated with both MTC and nonmedullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) in a kindred. RET may thus not be excluded as a potential candidate for predisposition to some forms of NMTC. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The probable industrial origin of archaeological daub at an Iron Age site in Northeast Thailand*
Authors: Parr J. F. , Boyd W. E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDetermining probable firing temperatures of daub recovered from archaeological sites provides opportunities to interpret the design and/or function of prehistoric structures. This paper critiques some of the methods for determining firing temperatures of daub, and presents a case study using samples from a secure depositional context at the Iron Age archaeological site of Noen U‐Loke, in northeast Thailand. Adopting a multimethod approach, the paper examines relationships between color, micro‐ and macro‐inclusions, elemental and mineralogical composition, physical form, and temperature, through the application of ICP‐MS, XRD analysis, magnetic susceptibility, and light microscopy. The important methodological point here is that the combined interpretation of independent measures provides a better estimate of the original firing temperatures of the archaeological material than has hitherto been possible. Initial examination implied that our samples were fired, in antiquity, at low temperatures, and concluded a nonindustrial source for the daub. We suggest that determining maximum temperatures for this original firing will provide the clearest discrimination between possible types of features (e.g., housing, kiln/furnace) from which the daub originally came. The results of our study indicate that the archaeological daub samples have been exposed to a range of temperatures from 200°C to 1000°C. It seems highly likely, therefore, that the daub was derived from a spatially complex structure, such as an industrial kiln or furnace, which has experienced a range of firing temperatures. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of Islamic ceramics from Tell Tuneinir using X‐ray diffraction
Authors: Eiland M.L. , Williams Q. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this study, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) is applied to select ceramics, particularly dating to the Ayyoubid (A.D. 1174–1250) period from Tell Tuneinir in Syria. Because XRD has not been commonly applied to archaeological ceramics, a thorough background of the technique is given, with emphasis on quantitative measurements of quartz and calcite tempers. Several compositional groups based on raw materials and firing conditions emerge. While most ceramic samples are of local manufacture, Islamic stonepaste wares, and the “grenade” sample emerge as likely imports. We conclude that XRD is a powerful tool in characterizing archaeological ceramics and may be used to semi‐quantitatively gauge the amount of quartz, calcite, and feldspars in a sample. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Generation dependent reduction of tTA expression in double transgenic NZL‐2/tTACMV mice
Authors: Fedorov Lev M. , Tyrsin Oleg Yu. , Sakk Olena , Ganscher Alla , Rapp Ulf R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSummary: Despite the overall successful application of the tet‐system to regulate gene expression in vitro and in vivo, nothing is known so far about the long‐term stability of this system in transgenic mice. In this study, mice of generation F2, F3, F4, or F10 of two independent tTACMV transgenic lines were bred with NZL‐2 mice containing a tTA‐responsive bidirectional promoter that allows the simultaneous expression of two reporter genes encoding luciferase and β‐galactosidase. Analysis of the expression of transgenes in double transgenic mice revealed a dramatic reduction of tTA transactivator mRNA over time. As a consequence, the expression of both reporter genes was gradually reduced from generation to generation in tissues of embryonic and adult NZL‐2/tTACMV mice. Luciferase activity in NZL‐2/tTACMV(F10) mice was reduced 8–10‐fold compared to NZL‐2/ tTACMV(F2) mice, and β‐galactosidase expression was no longer detectable. In summary, we describe the long‐term instability of the tet‐system in our NZL‐2/tTACMV double transgenic mice. The molecular basis of this observation and experimental tools to overcome this limitation need to be addressed in future. genesis 31:78–84, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CDC‐25.1 regulates germline proliferation in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ashcroft Neville , Golden Andy 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSummary: The cell cycles in C. elegans are tightly controlled but appear to use the same regulators found in other organisms. Four homologues of the dual‐specificity phosphatase Cdc25 are present in the C. elegans genome. In our study, we have characterized a deletion mutant for one of these orthologues. We show that embryonic defects are absent in cdc‐25.1 homozygous mutants, presumably because of maternally contributed CDC‐25.1 product. These embryos hatch and develop into sterile adults. The adults do not appear to have any somatic defects. The sterility results from inadequate germline proliferation. Germline precursors divide slowly and produce abnormally sized daughter cells. Only three to four rounds of germ‐cell division occur before they die during the L3 and L4 larval stages. genesis 33:1–7, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developmental potential and survival of glycolysis‐deficient cells in fetal mouse chimeras
Authors: Kelly Annemarie , West John D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSummary: Mouse embryos homozygous for a null allele of Gpi1 fail to complete gastrulation and die around E7.5. We produced E12.5 chimeric mouse conceptuses, composed of wild‐type and homozygous Gpi1m/m null mutant cells to test whether the presence of wild‐type cells allowed mutant cells to survive and, if so, whether they survived better in some tissue locations than others. Fourteen homozygous Gpi1m/m↔Gpi1c/c chimeras were identified and these contained low levels of homozygous mutant cells in most tissues tested. Homozygous Gpi1m/m cells contributed better to the yolk sac endoderm and placenta than to the epiblast derivatives tested (retinal pigment epithelium, brain, tail, amnion, and yolk sac mesoderm). The depletion of mutant cells confirms that the gene acts cell autonomously, but the GPI deficiency is not always cell‐lethal. When mixed with wild‐type cells in chimeras, homozygous mutant cells can differentiate into many different cell types and survive until at least E12.5. genesis 33:29–39, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Induced DNA recombination by Cre recombinase protein transduction
Authors: Joshi Sunil K. , Hashimoto Kahoko , Koni Pandelakis A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSummary: Cre is a DNA recombinase that recognizes 34 base‐pair loxP sites of recombination. We have developed a cell‐permeable Cre recombinase, TATCre, that is capable of mediating deletion of loxP‐flanked targets by simply adding TATCre to cell cultures. Thus, TATCre allows efficient induced DNA recombination without the use of a Cre recombinase transgene or any other genetic material and should prove useful for the genetic manipulation of a wide variety of cell types that have been engineered to possess loxP sites. genesis 33:48–54, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.