bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstructed human epidermis‐based testing strategy of skin sensitization potential and potency classification using epidermal sensitization assay and in silico data
Authors: Mizumachi Hideyuki , Suzuki Sho , Sakuma Megumi , Natsui Midori , Imai Noriyasu , Miyazawa Masaaki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe hazards and potency of skin sensitizers are traditionally determined using animal tests such as the local lymph node assay (LLNA); however, significant progress has been made in the development of non‐animal test methods addressing the first three mechanistic key events of adverse outcome pathway in skin sensitization. We developed the epidermal sensitization assay (EpiSensA), which is a reconstructed human epidermis‐based assay, by measuring four genes related to critical keratinocyte responses during skin sensitization. Four in vitro skin sensitization test methods (EpiSensA, direct peptide reactivity assay [DPRA], KeratinoSens™, and human cell line activation test [h‐CLAT]) were systematically evaluated using 136 chemicals including lipophilic chemicals and pre/pro‐haptens, which may be related to assay‐specific limitations. The constructed database included existing and newly generated data. The EpiSensA showed a broader applicability domain and predicted the hazards with 82.4% and 78.8% accuracy than LLNA and human data. The EpiSensA could detect 76 out of 88 sensitizers at lower concentrations than the LLNA, indicating that the EpiSensA has higher sensitivity for the detection of minor sensitizing constituents. These results confirmed the potential use of the EpiSensA in evaluating a mixture of unknown compositions that can be evaluated by animal tests. To combine different information sources, the reconstructed human epidermis‐based testing strategy (RTS) was developed based on weighted multiple information from the EpiSensA and TImes MEtabolism Simulator platform for predicting Skin Sensitization (TIMES‐SS; RTSv1) or Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) QSAR Toolbox automated workflow (RTSv2). The predictivities of the hazards and Globally Harmonized System (GHS) subcategories were equal to or better than the defined approaches (2 out of 3, integrated testing strategy [ITS]v1, and ITSv2) adopted as OECD Guideline 497.
Wound‐triggered shape change microgels for the development of enhanced biomimetic function platelet‐like particles
Authors: Chee Eunice , Mihalko Emily , Nellenbach Kimberly , Sollinger Jennifer , Huang Ke , Hon Mason , Pandit Sanika , Cheng Ke , Brown Ashley 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlatelets play a pivotal role in hemostasis and wound healing and conditional shape change is an important component of platelet functionality. In normal circumstances, platelets travel through the circulatory system in an inactive rounded state, which enables platelets to easily move to vessel walls for attachment. When an injury occurs, platelets are prompted by molecules, such as thrombin, to shift into a stellate shape and increase exposure of fibrin‐binding receptors. When active, platelets promote hemostasis and clot retraction, which enhances clot stability and promotes healing. However, in conditions where platelets are depleted or hyporeactive, these functions are diminished and lead to inhibited hemostasis and healing. To treat platelet depletion, our group developed platelet‐like particles (PLPs) which consist of highly deformable microgels coupled to fibrin binding motif. However, first generation PLPs do not exhibit wound‐triggered shape change like native platelets. Thus, the objective of these studies was to develop a PLP formulation that changes shape when prompted by thrombin. To create thrombin‐sensitive PLPs (TS‐PLPs), we incorporated a thrombin‐cleavable peptide into the microgel body and then evaluated PLP properties before and after exposure to thrombin including morphology, size, and in vitro clot retraction. Once thrombin‐prompted shape change ability was confirmed, the TS‐PLPs were tested in vivo for hemostatic ability and subsequent wound healing outcomes in a murine liver trauma model. We found that TS‐PLPs exhibit a wound‐triggered shape change, induce significant clot retraction following exposure to thrombin and promote hemostasis and healing in vivo after trauma.
Development of Ti‐10Nb alloy by powder metallurgy processing route for dental application
Authors: Kumar Rupesh , Gautam R. K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTitanium and its alloys are used to make dental implants because of its low density, high strength, and corrosion resistance. This paper describes the development of a potential biomaterial Ti‐10Nb by powder metallurgy utilizing four different compaction pressures and analyses its microstructural, physical, mechanical, electrochemical, biological, and tribological behavior under various situations. The alloys were fabricated using four different compaction pressures, that is, 600, 650, 700, and 750 MPa, and sintered in a vacuum atmosphere at 1000°C for 1.5 h. The density of the samples was measured using Archimedes principle. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to investigate the phase composition and microstructure, and a profilometer was used to examine the surface roughness of various samples. Vickers hardness tester was used to evaluate hardness, and a universal testing machine was used for compression testing. Corrosion and wear behavior were examined using a potentiostat and a Bio‐Tribometer, respectively. This Ti‐10Nb alloys consist of α + β phase, and have 16% highest porosity in sample compacted at 600 MPa. The samples compacted at 750 MPa achieved highest hardness, yield strength, compressive strength, and elastic modulus of 450 ± 29.72 HV, 718.22 ± 16.37 MPa, 1543.59 ± 24.37 MPa, and 41.27 ± 3.29 GPa, respectively. In addition, it also possesses highest corrosion and wear resistance with lowest icorr of 0.3954 ± 0.008 μA/cm2 and wear volume of (31.25 ± 0.206) × 10−3 mm3. These results indicate that the developed alloys have a variety of desirable properties, including high hardness, adequate compressive strength, good corrosion and wear resistance, apatite‐forming capability, and a low elastic modulus, which is advantageous for avoiding stress shielding. Therefore, it may be recommended to use it as a dental implant material.
Investigation of the relationship between phenylalanine in venous plasma and capillary blood using volumetric blood collection devices
Authors: Carling Rachel S. , Barclay Zoe , Cantley Nathan , Emmett Erin C. , Hogg Sarah L. , Finezilber Yael , Schulenburg‐Brand Danja , Murphy Elaine , Moat Stuart J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMeasurement of plasma and dried blood spot (DBS) phenylalanine (Phe) is key to monitoring patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). The relationship between plasma and capillary DBS Phe concentrations has been investigated previously, however, differences in methodology, calibration approach and assumptions about the volume of blood in a DBS sub‐punch has complicated this. Volumetric blood collection devices (VBCDs) provide an opportunity to re‐evaluate this relationship. Paired venous and capillary samples were collected from patients with PKU (n = 51). Capillary blood was collected onto both conventional newborn screening (NBS) cards and VBCDs. Specimens were analysed by liquid‐chromatography tandem mass‐spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) using a common calibrator. Use of VBCDs was evaluated qualitatively by patients. Mean bias between plasma and volumetrically collected capillary DBS Phe was −13%. Mean recovery (SD) of Phe from DBS was 89.4% (4.6). VBCDs confirmed that the volume of blood typically assumed to be present in a 3.2 mm sub‐punch is over‐estimated by 9.7%. Determination of the relationship between plasma and capillary DBS Phe, using a single analytical method, common calibration and VBCDs, demonstrated that once the under‐recovery of Phe from DBS has been taken into account, there is no significant difference in the concentration of Phe in plasma and capillary blood. Conversely, comparison of plasma Phe with capillary DBS Phe collected on a NBS card highlighted the limitations of this approach. Introducing VBCDs for the routine monitoring of patients with PKU would provide a simple, acceptable specimen collection technique that ensures consistent sample quality and produces accurate and precise blood Phe results which are interchangeable with plasma Phe.
Prevalence, risk indicators, and clinical characteristics of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis for an internal conical connection implant system: A multicenter cross‐sectional study
Authors: Apaza‐Bedoya Karin , Galarraga‐Vinueza Maria Elisa , Correa Bruna Barbosa , Schwarz Frank , Bianchini Marco Aurélio , Magalhães Benfatti Cesar Augusto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeri‐implant disease prevalence is associated with a multifactorial etiology and distinct clinical characteristics of inflammation.MethodsThe present study aimed to assess the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases, identify related risk indicators, and associate specific clinical characteristics to peri‐implant biological complications in the medium term. Peri‐implant diseases were classified according to established case criteria. Patients’ data, implant and/or prosthetic features, and maintenance records were collected. Clinical characteristics such as bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration (SUPP), keratinized mucosa (KM), probing depth (PD), marginal recession (MR), and modified plaque index (mPI) were recorded.ResultsNinety‐nine patients with 266 implants with a mean functional duration of 30.26 months were evaluated. Peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis prevalence totaled to 49.5% and 15.15% (patient level), respectively. Peri‐implant mucositis was associated with osteoporosis (odds ratio [OR] 6.09), age (OR 0.97), diabetes mellitus (OR 3.09), cemented‐retained prosthesis (OR 3.81), and partial prosthesis (OR 2.21). Peri‐implantitis was associated with osteoporosis (OR 7.74) and periodontitis (OR 2.74), cemented prosthesis (OR 10.12), partial and full arch prostheses (OR 12.35 and 19.86), implant diameter (OR 3.64), abutment transmucosal height (OR 3.39), and hygiene difficulty (OR 3.14). Furthermore, mPI score 3 (OR 3.27) and PD scores (OR 1.64) were associated with peri‐implant mucositis, while mPI score 3 (OR 16.42), KM (OR 1.53), PD (OR 1.81), MR (OR 2.61), and the relationship between KM and PD (OR 0.63) were associated with peri‐implantitis.ConclusionIn the medium term, peri‐implant diseases were correlated with factors inherent to the patient's conditions, presurgical treatment plan, and hygiene maintenance care. The knowledge of the mentioned factors and featured clinical characteristics can be crucial for disease prevention and establishment of a superior implant therapy prognosis.
Pulsed light treatment enhances starch hydrolysis and improves starch physicochemical properties of germinated brown rice
Authors: Zhang Guangchen , Hua Dong , Xu Jiaxin , Yang Lina , Zhou Dayu , He Yutang , Liu Youhong , Tang Ao , Lu Bingxuan , Liu He 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecently, germinated brown rice (GBR) has gained substantial attention as a functional food because of its nutritional attributes. Notably, pulsed light technology (PLT) has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing rice germination and, consequently, has improved the nutritional and functional qualities of GBR‐derived products. However, further research is required to comprehensively understand the impact of PLT on GBR physicochemical properties. The present study aimed to investigate the stimulating effects of PLT on starch hydrolysis, starch structure and functional properties of GBR.RESULTSThe PLT substantially boosted α‐amylase activity during brown rice germination, leading to a 10.9% reduction in total starch content and a 17.3% increase in reducing sugar content, accompanied by elevated free water levels. Structural analysis indicated no changes in starch crystalline types, whereas gelatinization temperature slightly increased. Pasting properties exhibited a significant drop in peak viscosity. Scanning electron microscopy showed surface erosion of starch granules with microstructural changes. Furthermore, correlation analysis established positive links between α‐amylase activity, reducing sugar accumulation, starch structure and functional properties in GBR.CONCLUSIONThe present study demonstrates that PLT enhanced the physicochemical properties of GBR starch, significantly improving the stability of GBR products, thereby contributing to expanded applicability of rice starch in the food industry. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Rate coefficients for the gas‐phase OH + furan (C4H4O) reaction between 273 and 353 K
Authors: Angelaki Maria E. , Romanias Manolis N. , Burkholder James B. , Papadimitriou Vassileios C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRate coefficients, k1, for the gas‐phase OH radical reaction with the heterocyclic ether C4H4O (1,4‐epoxybuta‐1,3‐diene, furan) were measured over the temperature range 273–353 K at 760 Torr (syn. air). Experiments were performed using: (i) the photochemical smog chamber THALAMOS (thermally regulated atmospheric simulation chamber, IMT NE, Douai‐France) equipped with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry (SIFT‐MS) detection methods and (ii) a photochemical reactor coupled with FTIR spectroscopy (PCR, University of Crete, Greece). k1(273–353 K) was measured using a relative rate (RR) method, in which the loss of furan was measured relative to the loss of reference compounds with well‐established OH reaction rate coefficients. k1(273–353 K) was found to be well represented by the Arrhenius expression (1.30 ± 0.12) × 10−11 exp[(336 ± 20)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1, with k1(296 K) measured to be (4.07 ± 0.32) × 10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The k1(296 K) and pre‐exponential quoted error limits are 2σ and include estimated systematic errors in the reference rate coefficients. The observed negative temperature dependence is consistent with a reaction mechanism involving the OH radical association to a furan double bond. Quantum mechanical molecular calculations show that OH addition to the α‐carbon (ΔHr(296 K) = −121.5 kJ mol−1) is thermochemically favored over the β‐carbon (ΔHr(296 K) = −52.9 kJ mol−1) addition. The OH‐furan adduct was found to be stable over the temperature range of the present measurements. Maleic anhydride (C4H2O3) was identified as a minor reaction product, 3% lower‐limit yield, demonstrating a non‐ring‐opening active reaction channel. The present results are critically compared with results from previous studies of the OH + furan reaction rate coefficient. The infrared spectrum of furan was measured as part of this study and its estimated climate metrics are reported.
Lignin/Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) Multifilament Fibers Dry‐Spun from Water as Carbon Fiber Precursors
Authors: Kreis Philipp , Frank Erik , Clauß Bernd , Bauch Volker , Stolpmann Heiko , Kuske Lisa , Schneck Tanja , König Simon , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe preparation of lignin‐based carbon fibers by dry spinning from aqueous solution followed by stabilization and continuous carbonization to endless yarns is reported. The influence of carbonization temperature and draw ratio on the morphology and mechanical properties of the final carbon fibers is investigated by single‐fiber testing, wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. A draw ratio of 5% (1.05) with a carbonization temperature of 1400 °C leads to the best mechanical properties. The resulting multifilament carbon fibers have an average diameter between 10–12 µm, an average tensile strength of 1.30 ± 0.32 GPa, a Young's modulus of 101 ± 18 GPa, and an elongation at break of 1.31 ± 0.23%. The maximum Weibull strength (𝜎0) is 1.04 GPa with a Weibull modulus (m) of 5.1. The use of a water‐soluble system is economically advantageous; also, unlike melt‐spun lignin fibers, the dry‐spun precursor fibers can be thermally converted without any additional crosslinking step.
Dahlberg degeneracy for homogeneous Besov and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces
Authors: Bourdaud Gérard , Moussai Madani 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider the composition operators acting on the real‐valued homogeneous Besov or Triebel–Lizorkin spaces, realized as dilation invariant subspaces of , denoted as . If and , then any function acting by composition on is necessarily linear. The above conditions are optimal: (i) in case , (Besov space), (Triebel–Lizorkin space), is a quasi‐Banach algebra for the pointwise product, (ii) in case , , , any function such that is a finite measure, and , acts by composition on .
Monoaminergic Degeneration and Ocular Motor Abnormalities in De Novo Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Woo Kyung Ah , Joun Joo Hong , Yoon Eun Jin , Lee Chan Young , Jeon Beomseok , Kim Yu Kyeong , Lee Jee‐Young 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvaluating eye movements in Parkinson's disease (PD) provides valuable insights into the underlying pathophysiological changes.ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate the relationship between monoaminergic degeneration and ocular motor abnormalities in de novo PD.MethodsDrug‐naive PD patients who underwentN‐(3‐[18F]fluoropropyl)‐2‐carbomethoxy‐3‐(4‐iodophenyl) nortropane positron emission tomography scans and video‐oculography at diagnosis were eligible. Measurements of saccadic accuracy, latency, and smooth pursuit gain and square wave jerk frequency were collected. Patients underwent Movement Disorders Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) and detailed cognitive tests. We investigated the associations between ocular motor measurements and specific tracer uptake ratios (SUR) in the caudate nucleus, anterior and posterior putamen, thalamus, and dorsal raphe nuclei, along with motor and cognitive symptoms.ResultsOne‐hundred twenty‐four subjects were included in this study. Saccadic accuracy was positively associated with parkinsonian motor severity expressed as Hoehn and Yahr stages, MDS‐UPDRS Part III scores, and subscores for bradykinesia and rigidity but not with tremor scores (PFDR < 0.05). Saccadic accuracy correlated with poor performances in the Rey‐Complex‐Figure copy, and latency with the Digit Symbol Coding and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (PFDR < 0.05). Prolonged saccadic latency correlated with reduced thalamic SUR, whereas decreased saccadic accuracy correlated with reduced SUR in the anterior and posterior putamen (PFDR < 0.05). Reduced smooth pursuit gain showed associations with reduced SUR in the dorsal raphe, a serotonin‐predominant region, but did not correlate with parkinsonism severity scores.ConclusionDefective dopaminergic and nondopaminergic neural systems may discretely influence ocular motor function in de novo PD patients. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Structure‐preserving invariant interpolation schemes for invertible second‐order tensors
Authors: Satheesh Abhiroop , Schmidt Christoph P. , Wall Wolfgang A. , Meier Christoph 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTensor interpolation is an essential step for tensor data analysis in various fields of application and scientific disciplines. In the present work, novel interpolation schemes for general, that is, symmetric or non‐symmetric, invertible square tensors are proposed. Critically, the proposed schemes rely on a combined polar and spectral decomposition of the tensor data , followed by an individual interpolation of the two rotation tensors and and the positive definite diagonal eigenvalue tensor resulting from this decomposition. Two different schemes are considered for a consistent rotation interpolation within the special orthogonal group , either based on relative rotation vectors or quaternions. For eigenvalue interpolation, three different schemes, either based on the logarithmic weighted average, moving least squares or logarithmic moving least squares, are considered. It is demonstrated that the proposed interpolation procedure preserves the structure of a tensor, that is, and remain orthogonal tensors and remains a positive definite diagonal tensor during interpolation, as well as scaling and rotational invariance (objectivity). Based on selected numerical examples considering the interpolation of either symmetric or non‐symmetric tensors, the proposed schemes are compared to existing approaches such as Euclidean, Log‐Euclidean, Cholesky and Log‐Cholesky interpolation. In contrast to these existing methods, the proposed interpolation schemes result in smooth and monotonic evolutions of tensor invariants such as determinant, trace, fractional anisotropy (FA), and Hilbert's anisotropy (HA). Moreover, a consistent spatial convergence behavior is confirmed for first‐ and second‐order realizations of the proposed schemes. The present work is mainly motivated by the frequently occurring necessity for remeshing or mesh adaptivity when applying the finite element method to complex problems of nonlinear continuum mechanics with inelastic constitutive behavior, which requires the consistent interpolation of tensor‐valued history data for the transfer between different meshes. However, the proposed schemes are very general in nature and suitable for the interpolation of general invertible second‐order square tensors independent of the specific application.
Gadolinium‐based contrast media does not improve the staging of neuroblastoma image‐defined risk factors at diagnosis
Authors: Morin Cara E. , Hasweh Reem , Anton Chris , Dillman Jonathan R. , Orscheln Emily , Smith Ethan A. , Kotagal Meera , Weiss Brian D. , Ouyang Jiarong , Zhang Bin , Trout Andrew T. , Towbin Alexander J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma risk stratification relies on prognostic risk factors and image‐defined risk factors (IDRFs). Evaluating neuroblastoma typically involves magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium‐based contrast media (GBCM, “contrast”). However, there are concerns regarding adverse effects and cost of GBCM. We aimed to assess the impact of intravenous GBCM on interobserver agreement for neuroblastoma staging on baseline MRI.ProcedureWe reviewed baseline MRI scans of 50 children with abdominopelvic neuroblastomas confirmed by histopathology. Duplicate sets of images were created, with post‐contrast T1‐weighted sequences removed from one set. Four pediatric radiologists independently analyzed the scans in a randomized manner. They recorded primary tumor size, presence of IDRFs, and metastatic lesions. Agreement among the reviewers was measured using kappa and Fleiss kappa statistics.ResultsMean age of included children was 3.3 years (range: 0.01–14.9 years), and 20 [40%] were females. Mean tumor size was 5.7 cm in greatest axial diameter. Pre‐contrast versus post‐contrast MRI showed excellent agreement for tumor measurement. Overlapping confidence intervals (CIs) were seen in nearly all categories of interobserver agreement on the presence or absence of individual IDRFs, with agreement ranging from poor to substantial, regardless of the presence of contrast. The overall interobserver agreement on the presence of at least one IDRF was substantial with contrast (kappa = .63; 95% CI: .52–.75) and moderate without contrast (kappa = .5; 95% CI: .39–.61); although the overlapping CIs suggest a lack of meaningful difference. Similarly, interobserver agreement on the presence or absence of individual sites of metastatic disease ranged from poor to substantial. The interobserver agreement on the overall determination of presence of metastatic disease was fair with contrast (kappa = .49; 95% CI: .38–.61) and moderate without contrast (kappa = .71; 95% CI: .59–.826).ConclusionsContrast does not improve tumor size measurement or radiologist agreement on the presence or absence of IDRFs or metastatic disease in children with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma.