bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseline characteristics of eyes with early residual fluid post loading phase of aflibercept therapy in neovascular AMD: PRECISE study report 3
Authors: Chandra Shruti , Gurudas Sarega , Pearce Ian , Mckibbin Martin , Kotagiri Ajay , Menon Geeta , Burton Benjamin J. L. , Talks James , Grabowska Anna , Ghanchi Faruque , Gale Richard , Giani Andrea , Chong Victor , Chen Ching Ning Taffeta , Nicholson Luke , Thottarath Sridevi , Chandak Swati , Sivaprasad Sobha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the baseline characteristics in patients with and without early residual fluid (ERF) after aflibercept loading phase (LP) in patients with treatment naïve neovascular age related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods
Patients with nAMD initiated on LP of three intravitreal aflibercept doses were recruited from December 2019 to August 2021. Baseline demographic and OCT features associated with any ERF were analysed using Generalised Estimating Equations to account for inter-eye correlation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed for selection of CST threshold.

Results
Of 2128 patients enrolled, 1999 eyes of 1862 patients with complete data were included. After LP, ERF was present in 1000 (50.0%), eSRF in 746(37.3%) and eIRF in 428 (21.4%) eyes. In multivariable analysis of baseline features, eyes with increased central subfield thickness (CST) (OR 1.31 per 100 microns increase [95% CI 1.22 to 1.41]; P < 0.001), eyes with IRF and SRF at baseline (1.62 [95% CI 1.17 to 2.22]; P = 0.003), and those with SRF only (OR 2.26 [95% CI 1.59 to 3.20]; P < 0.001) relative to IRF only were determinants of ERF. CST ≥ 418 microns had 57% sensitivity and 58% specificity to distinguish ERF from no ERF at visit 4.

Conclusion
On average, 50% of eyes have ERF after aflibercept LP. Clinically relevant baseline determinants of ERF include CST ≥ 418 µ and presence of only SRF. These eyes may require further monthly treatment before extending treatment intervals.
PolLimCrop, a global dataset of pollen limitation in crops
Authors: Siopa Catarina , Castro Helena , Loureiro João , Castro Sílvia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPollination is a crucial ecosystem service for maintaining plant communities and food production. 75% of the main crops depend on or benefit from pollination services provided by animal pollinators. However, when these services are insufficient and/or inefficient, crops experience pollen limitation with, often, lower associated yield, which may translate into economic losses. We constructed a global dataset that gathers studies with pollination experiments, aiming to provide pollen limitation values of animal-pollinated crops worldwide. Pollination experiments included hand pollen supplementation treatments, where plants were subjected to pollen supplementation of outcross pollen, and natural pollination treatments. The PolLimCrop dataset comprises 294 studies and 1169 unique pollen supplementation experiments with values of pollen limitation for 108 crops, spanning 50 years and 62 countries.
Altered cerebrovascular-CSF coupling in Alzheimer’s Disease measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Ferdinando Hany , Moradi Sadegh , Korhonen Vesa , Kiviniemi Vesa , Myllylä Teemu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn-vivo microscopical studies indicate that brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transport driven by blood vessel pulsations is reduced in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We hypothesized that the coupling pattern between cerebrovascular pulsations and CSF is altered in AD, and this can be measured using multi-wavelength functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). To study this, we quantified simultaneously cerebral hemo- and CSF hydrodynamics in early AD patients and age-matched healthy controls. Physiological pulsations were analysed in the vasomotor very low frequency (VLF 0.008–0.1 Hz), respiratory (Resp. 0.1–0.6 Hz), and cardiac (Card. 0.6–5 Hz) bands. A sliding time window cross-correlation approach was used to estimate the temporal stability of the cerebrovascular-CSF coupling. We investigated how the lag time series variation of the coupling differs between AD patients and control. The couplings involving deoxyhemoglobin (HbR) and CSF water, along with their first derivative, in the cardiac band demonstrated significant difference between AD patients and controls. Furthermore, the lag time series variation of HbR-CSF in the cardiac band provided a significant relationship, p-value = 0.04 and r2 = 0.16, with the mini-mental state exam (MMSE) score. In conclusion, the coupling pattern between hemodynamics and CSF is reduced in AD and it correlates with MMSE score.
Opportunistic CT-derived analysis of fat and muscle tissue composition predicts mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock
Authors: Salam Babak , Al Zaidi Muntadher , Sprinkart Alois M. , Nowak Sebastian , Theis Maike , Kuetting Daniel , Aksoy Adem , Nickenig Georg , Attenberger Ulrike , Zimmer Sebastian , Luetkens Julian A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrognosis estimation in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) is important to guide clinical decision making. Aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of opportunistic CT-derived body composition analysis in CS patients. Amount and density of fat and muscle tissue of 152 CS patients were quantified from single-slice CT images at the level of the intervertebral disc space L3/L4. Multivariable Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive value of opportunistically CT-derived body composition parameters on the primary endpoint of 30-day mortality. Within the 30-day follow-up, 90/152 (59.2%) patients died. On multivariable analyses, lactate (Hazard Ratio 1.10 [95% Confidence Interval 1.04–1.17];p = 0.002) and patient age (HR 1.04 [95% CI 1.01–1.07],p = 0.017) as clinical prognosticators, as well as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area (HR 1.004 [95% CI 1.002–1.007];p = 0.001) and skeletal muscle (SM) area (HR 0.987 [95% CI 0.975–0.999];p = 0.043) as imaging biomarkers remained as independent predictors of 30-day mortality. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses showed significantly increased 30-day mortality in patients with higher VAT area (p = 0.015) and lower SM area (p = 0.035). CT-derived VAT and SM area are independent predictors of dismal outcomes in CS patients and have the potential to emerge as new imaging biomarkers available from routine diagnostic CT.
Knowledge mapping of vocational education and training research (2004–2020): a visual analysis based on CiteSpace
Authors: Tian Yumi , Liu Jiayun , Xu Xin , Wu Xueshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe study aims to analyze the leading researchers of vocational education and training from dimensions of individuals, institutions and countries. This article utilises the scientific information measurement software—CiteSpace—to conduct a scientometric analysis of 2,024 articles on vocational education and training from the Web of Science (W.o.S.). According to the research results, some useful conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) vocational education and training research has become interdisciplinary and subject involved are “psychology”, “sociology”, “economics” and “pedagogy”; (2) the United States, the Netherlands and Australia make the majority of contributions and there are numerous collaborations among countries; (3) Univ Amsterdam, Univ Utrecht and Univ Melbourne were the main research institutions; (4) J Vocat Educ Train, Rev Educ Res, Thesis Elev, Econ Educ Rev and J Educ Work were the top 5 highly cited journals; (5) “Engagement”, “Program”, “Self-efficacy”, “High school”, “Predictor” and “Labor market” have become major research hotspots currently.
Foliar spraying of exogenous uniconazole (S3307) at the flowering stage as an effective method to resist low-temperature stress on mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Authors: Xiang Hongtao , Wang Shiya , Liang Xiaoyan , Wang Xueyang , Xie Hongchang , Wang Deming , Gai Zhijia , Wang Nannan , Xiang Peng , Han Dongwei , Shan Dapeng , Li Yichu , Li Wan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLow temperature is one of the major constraints on agricultural productivity worldwide and is likely to further increase. Several adaptations and mitigation strategies are required to cope with low-temperature stress. Uniconazole (S3307) could play a significant role in the alleviation of abiotic stress in plants. In this study, the effects of S3307 on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant metabolism were studied in the leaves of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. The experimental results showed that the low-temperature induced accumulation of superoxide anion (O2-) production rate, and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents. Increased proline content and enzymatic antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), were found to alleviate oxidative damage under low temperatures. While, S3307 could reduce O2- production rate and MDA contents and increase the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, slowed the decrease in ascorbic acid (AsA), dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and promoted increase in soluble sugars (SS), soluble proteins (SP), and proline (Pro) content under low-temperature. At the same time, low temperature leads to lower 100 grain weight and number of grains per plant, which eventually causes yield reduction decreased. Foliar spraying of S3307 could alleviate the yield loss caused by low temperature, and the increase of S3307 treatment was 5.1%–12.5% and 6.3%–32.9% for the two varieties, respectively, compared with CK. In summary, exogenous S3307 pretreatment enhances plant tolerance to low-temperature by improving the antioxidant enzyme activities, increased non-enzymatic antioxidants content, and decreased O2- production rate and MDA contents and inducing alterations in endogenous S3307, and reduce the decrease in mung bean yield.
Subarachnoid haemorrhage or traumatic lumbar puncture. Differentiation by cerebrospinal fluid parameters in a multivariable approach
Authors: Zinganell Anne , Berek Klaus , Bsteh Gabriel , Di Pauli Franziska , Rass Verena , Helbok Raimund , Walde Janette , Deisenhammer Florian , Hegen Harald 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLumbar puncture (LP) is recommended in patients with thunderclap headache and negative computed tomography to rule out spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Blood contamination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) due to traumatic LP poses a diagnostic dilemma. Therefore, routine CSF parameters were investigated to distinguish between SAH and a traumatic LP. CSF red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC) count, total protein, CSF colour and supernatant were used for group comparisons of patients with SAH and ‘symptomatic controls’. Due to variable time intervals between bleeding onset and LP in SAH patients in contrast to patients with traumatic LP, where blood contamination of CSF occurs at the time of LP, CSF variables were adjusted for decay in time to allow comparability. Logistic regression analysis identified bloody CSF [odds ratio (OR) 32.6], xanthochromic supernatant [OR 15.5] and WBCadjusted[OR 4.5 (per increase of 100/µl)] as predictors of SAH, while age, sex and CSF total proteinadjustedwere no predictors. Optimal cut-point of RBCadjusted(determined at day 1 after bleeding) was > 3667/µl to identify SAH patients with a 97% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Combination of low RBC and clear CSF supernatant was found in none of SAH patients. Combined CSF RBC count and CSF supernatant reliably distinguished traumatic LP from SAH.
Online joint localization without user interactions
Authors: Le Yanfen , Ou Jintian , Chen Yuanhao , Yao Heng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWi-Fi fingerprinting has been a popular indoor localization due to the widespread layout of indoor WLAN. However, the signal fluctuations in the complex environments make it difficult to maintain high accuracy localization for the received signal strength (RSS) fingerprinting. Various positioning solutions have emerged to address this challenge, either working in stand-alone mode or in collaborative mode. In the former case, the user only utilizes his own RSS observation to request location service, while the latter usually requires information transfer between users. Considering the spatial correlation of wireless signal distribution, we propose an online joint localization scheme (JointLoc) that does not require direct interaction between users. The fact that the signals observed by users in physical proximity characterize the surroundings is used by JointLoc to identify neighboring users for joint localization. Besides this, JointLoc further integrates a novel subset-based localization scheme, thus the influence of anomalous RSS signals is eliminated before making the final location decision. We have fully evaluated the performance of JointLoc in two RSS datasets collected in real environments. Compared with conventional algorithms and the latest ones, results show that JointLoc is robust against signal fluctuations, and achieves good localization accuracy.
Causes of accelerated High-Tide Flooding in the U.S. since 1950
Authors: Sun Qiang , Dangendorf Sönke , Wahl Thomas , Thompson Philip R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe U.S. coastlines have experienced rapid increases in occurrences of High Tide Flooding (HTF) during recent decades. While it is generally accepted that relative mean sea level (RMSL) rise is the dominant cause for this, an attribution to individual components is still lacking. Here, we use local sea-level budgets to attribute past changes in HTF days to RMSL and its individual contributions. We find that while RMSL rise generally explains > 84% of long-term increases in HTF days locally, spatial patterns in HTF changes also depend on differences in flooding thresholds and water level characteristics. Vertical land motion dominates long-term increases in HTF, particularly in the northeast, while sterodynamic sea level (SDSL) is most important elsewhere and on shorter temporal scales. We also show that the recent SDSL acceleration in the Gulf of Mexico has led to an increase of 220% in the frequency of HTF events over the last decade.
ChatClimate: Grounding conversational AI in climate science
Authors: Vaghefi Saeid Ashraf , Stammbach Dominik , Muccione Veruska , Bingler Julia , Ni Jingwei , Kraus Mathias , Allen Simon , Colesanti-Senni Chiara , Wekhof Tobias , Schimanski Tobias , Gostlow Glen , Yu Tingyu , Wang Qian , Webersinke Nicolas , Huggel Christian , Leippold Markus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLarge Language Models have made remarkable progress in question-answering tasks, but challenges like hallucination and outdated information persist. These issues are especially critical in domains like climate change, where timely access to reliable information is vital. One solution is granting these models access to external, scientifically accurate sources to enhance their knowledge and reliability. Here, we enhance GPT-4 by providing access to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR6), the most comprehensive, up-to-date, and reliable source in this domain (refer to the ’Data Availability’ section). We present our conversational AI prototype, available atwww.chatclimate.ai, and demonstrate its ability to answer challenging questions in three different setups: (1) GPT-4, (2) ChatClimate, which relies exclusively on IPCC AR6 reports, and (3) Hybrid ChatClimate, which utilizes IPCC AR6 reports with in-house GPT-4 knowledge. The evaluation of answers by experts show that the hybrid ChatClimate AI assistant provide more accurate responses, highlighting the effectiveness of our solution.
The maritime continent’s rainforests modulate the local interannual evapotranspiration variability
Authors: Lee Ting-Hui , Lo Min-Hui , Chiang Chun-Lien , Kuo Yan-Ning 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe interannual variation of evapotranspiration in tropical rainforests is thought to be small, despite the variability of precipitation. Here we investigated the cause of this phenomenon in the Maritime Continent using observations, reanalysis data and model simulations. We find that evapotranspiration’s interannual variation is dampened by the self-compensating mechanism of canopy evaporation and transpiration. During El Niño, when precipitation is lower than climatology, canopy evaporation decreases due to less interception, while canopy transpiration increases in response to increased incoming solar radiation, resulting in a compensating effect and a small interannual variation of evapotranspiration. Deforestation, however, eliminates transpiration’s dampening effect and, thus, amplifies the interannual variation of evapotranspiration significantly. This increase in evapotranspiration’s interannual variation due to deforestation further affect the local hydrological cycle, resulting in decreased interannual variation of precipitation. The results highlight the impacts of deforestation and emphasize the critical role of tropical rainforests in the hydroclimatological cycle.
Oxygen supplementation in anesthesia can block FLASH effect and anti-tumor immunity in conventional proton therapy
Authors: Iturri Lorea , Bertho Annaïg , Lamirault Charlotte , Brisebard Elise , Juchaux Marjorie , Gilbert Cristèle , Espenon Julie , Sébrié Catherine , Jourdain Laurène , de Marzi Ludovic , Pouzoulet Frédéric , Muret Jane , Verrelle Pierre , Prezado Yolanda 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Radiation-induced neurocognitive dysfunction is a major adverse effect of brain radiation therapy and has specific relevance in pediatric oncology, where serious cognitive deficits have been reported in survivors of pediatric brain tumors. Moreover, many pediatric patients receive proton therapy under general anesthesia or sedation to guarantee precise ballistics with a high oxygen content for safety. The present study addresses the relevant question of the potential effect of supplemental oxygen administered during anesthesia on normal tissue toxicity and investigates the anti-tumor immune response generated following conventional and FLASH proton therapy.

Methods
Rats (Fischer 344) were cranially irradiated with a single high dose of proton therapy (15 Gy or 25 Gy) using FLASH dose rate proton irradiation (257 ± 2 Gy/s) or conventional dose rate proton irradiation (4 ± 0.02 Gy/s), and the toxicities in the normal tissue were examined by histological, cytometric and behavioral analysis. Glioblastoma-bearing rats were irradiated in the same manner and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes were quantified by flow cytometry.

Results
Our findings indicate that supplemental oxygen has an adverse impact on both functional and anatomical evaluations of normal brain following conventional and FLASH proton therapy. In addition, oxygen supplementation in anesthesia is particularly detrimental for anti-tumor immune response by preventing a strong immune cell infiltration into tumoral tissues following conventional proton therapy.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate the need to further optimize anesthesia protocols used in radiotherapy with the goal of preserving normal tissues and achieving tumor control, specifically in combination with immunotherapy agents.
Young Children's Temperament and Their Emerging Prejudice Against Stuttering
Authors: Choi Dahye , Maher-Hosford Katelyn , Beverly Brenda L. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether typically developing children's temperament is associated with their awareness and emerging prejudice against stuttering.

Method:
The emotional reactivity and emotion regulation of 42 typically developing 3- to 7-year-old children were assessed using parent report of temperament (i.e., Children's Behavioral Questionnaire). Children viewed a video of two puppets, one with fluent speech and the other with nonfluent speech. Children were prompted to answer questions to assess their awareness of stuttering as well as their preference for fluent speech and negative evaluation of stuttering, with the latter two being combined to index children's emerging prejudice against stuttering.

Results:
Findings indicated that typically developing children's positive emotional reactivity was significantly associated with their verbally expressed awareness of stuttering. In addition, children's higher negative emotional reactivity was significantly associated with greater emerging prejudice against stuttering.

Conclusion:
Findings were taken to suggest that young typically developing children's emotional reactivity may play an important role in developing awareness of stuttering and prejudice against stuttering in their early years.
Unsupervised image blind super resolution via real degradation feature learning
Authors: Yang Cheng , Lu Guanming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, many methods for image super‐resolution (SR) have relied on pairs of low‐resolution (LR) and high‐resolution (HR) images for training, where the degradation process is predefined by bicubic downsampling. While such approaches perform well in standard benchmark tests, they often fail to accurately replicate the complexity of real‐world image degradation. To address this challenge, researchers have proposed the use of unpaired image training to implicitly model the degradation process. However, there is a significant domain gap between the real‐world LR and the synthetic LR images from HR, which severely degrades the SR performance. A novel unsupervised image‐blind super‐resolution method that exploits degradation feature‐based learning for real‐image super‐resolution reconstruction (RDFL) is proposed. Their approach learns the degradation process from HR to LR using a generative adversarial network (GAN) and constrains the data distribution of the synthetic LR with real degraded images. The authors then encode the degraded features into a Transformer‐based SR network for image super‐resolution reconstruction through degradation representation learning. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the RDFL method, which achieves visually pleasing reconstruction results.
Modelling and suppression of bearing voltage of wind turbine permanent magnet synchronous generators
Authors: Jia Lei , Liu Ruifang , Li Zhihao , Li Shulin , Huang Xin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe problem of bearing current is common in wind power generation system, which leads to the attenuation of generator life and great economic losses. Bearing voltage of a 5.5 MW wind‐turbine permanent magnet synchronous generator is studied. The bearing voltage equivalent circuit is modelled by studying the internal system structure of the generator, and an extraction method of cable parameters, generator winding parameters and stray capacitance parameters based on experiments is proposed to simulate the system. A system test platform is built to test the common mode voltage, common mode current and bearing voltage, and the test results are compared with the simulation results in time domain and frequency domain. The result indicate that the common mode equivalent model can accurately simulate the actual bearing voltage. Finally, rotor flange insulation is adopted to suppress bearing voltage. The relationship between the design of rotor flange insulation with suppressing effect is discussed. Finally, an optimisation design method is presented for the proposed suppression scheme.