bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalencia de la Retinopatía de la Prematuridad (ROP) en el Hospital Regional Docente Las Mercedes de Chiclayo durante los años 2007 - 2009
Authors: Gutiérrez Carmen , Vergara E. , Rojas P. , Labrín C. 
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de describir la prevalencia de la Retinopatía de la Prematuridad (ROP) así como de las condiciones asociadas a la misma en recién nacidos atendidos en el Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital Regional Docente Las Mercedes Chiclayo 2,007-2,009.Se utilizó un diseño observacional retrospectivo, transversal, analítico.
Resultados: En el período en estudio se tamizó 353 recién nacidos, detectando algún grado de ROP en el 22%. La distribución por severidad fue 48.7% (ROP I), 35.5% (ROP II), 13.2 (ROP III), 1.3% (ROP IV) y 1.3% (ROP V). Severa ROP se reportó 32%. Requirieron tratamiento quirúrgico el 38% de casos. Respecto a los factores de riesgos: El 95% recibió oxígeno suplementario por casco, bigotera nasal, CPAP y/o ventilación mecánica. El Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria fue diagnosticado en el 93% de los casos. El peso al nacer menor de 1500 gramos fue característica de 64.4% de los afectados, y en el 54% la edad gestacional menor de 32 semanas. Predominó el sexo femenino (53%) en los casos. Fue diagnosticada sepsis en el 43.4%.
Conclusiones: La Retinopatía de la Prematuridad (ROP) incluidas las formas graves, guardan relación inversamente proporcional a la edad gestacional menor de 32 semanas y peso menor de 1,500 gr. La asociación entre ROP, administración de oxígeno suplementario, síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria y sepsis podría relacionarse con la atención perinatal con tecnología incompleta y desfasada, situación que deviene en el incremento de la morbilidad de los supervivientes neonatales prematuros.
Small deviations in kinematics and body form dictate muscle performances in the finely tuned avian downstroke
Authors: Deetjen Marc E. , Chin Diana D. , Heers Ashley M. , Tobalske Bret W. , Lentink David 
Published: December 2023

Avian takeoff requires peak pectoralis muscle power to generate sufficient aerodynamic force during the downstroke. Subsequently the much smaller supracoracoideus recovers the wing during the upstroke. How the pectoralis work loop is tuned to power flight is unclear. We integrate wingbeat-resolved muscle, kinematic and aerodynamic recordings in vivo with a new mathematical model to disentangle how the pectoralis muscle overcomes wing inertia and generates aerodynamic force during takeoff in doves. Doves reduce the angle of attack of their wing mid-downstroke to efficiently generate aerodynamic force, resulting in an aerodynamic power dip, that allows transferring excess pectoralis power into tensioning the supracoracoideus tendon to assist the upstroke—improving the pectoralis work loop efficiency simultaneously. Integrating extant bird data, our model shows how the pectoralis of birds with faster wingtip speed need to generate proportionally more power. Finally, birds with disproportionally larger wing inertia need to activate the pectoralis earlier to tune their downstroke.
Ecology
Doves improve their wingbeat efficacy without elevating maximum pectoralis power by angling their wings mid-downstroke to efficiently generate aerodynamic force while simultaneously tensioning the supracoracoideus tendon to assist the upstroke.
Combination of serum CST1 and HE4 for early diagnosis of endometrial cancer
Authors: Zhong Wenhui , Liu Yunliang , Zhang Liangming , Zhuang Wanzhen , Chen Jianlin , Huang Zhixin , Zheng Yue , Huang Yi 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Optimal serological biomarkers have been absent for the early diagnosis of endometrial cancer, to date. In this study, we aimed to define the diagnostic performances of individual and combined detection of serum cysteine protease inhibitor 1 (CST1) with traditional tumor markers, including glycated antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), in patients with early-stage endometrial cancer (EC).

Methods
The performances of individual and combined detection of serum CST1, HE4, and CA125 were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chemiluminescent immunoassay, respectively. A training data set of 67 patients with early EC, 67 patients with endometrial benign lesion (EBL), and 67 healthy controls (HC) was used to develop a predictive model for early EC diagnosis, which was validated by an independent validation data set.

Results
In the training data set, serum CST1 and HE4 levels in the early EC group were significantly higher than in EBL/HC groups (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference of serum CA125 level between the early EC and EBL/HC groups (P > 0.05). Serum CST1 and HE4 exhibited areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.715 with 31.3% sensitivity at 90.3% specificity, and 0.706 with 23.9% sensitivity at 95.5% specificity, respectively. Combined detection of serum CST1 and HE4 exhibited an AUC of 0.788 with 49.3% sensitivity at 92.5% specificity. The combination of serum CST1 and HE4 showed promise in diagnosis.

Conclusion
CST1 is a prospective serological biomarker for early EC diagnosis, and the combination of CST1 and HE4 contributes to the further improvement in the diagnosis of patients with early-stage EC.
Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 regulates non-small cell lung cancer progression by influencing the transcription and splicing of tumorigenesis-related genes
Authors: Sun Qingchao , Liu Ruixue , Zhang Haiping , Zong Liang , Jing Xiaoliang , Ma Long , Li Jie , Zhang Liwei 
Published: December 2023

Background
High mortality rates are prevalent among patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and effective therapeutic targets are key prognostic factors. Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (FSCN1) promotes NSCLC; however, its role as an RNA-binding protein in NSCLC remains unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to explore FSCN1 expression and function in A549 cells.

Method
We screened for alternative-splicing events and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after FSCN1 silence via RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). FSCN1 immunoprecipitation followed by RNA-seq were used to identify target genes whose mRNA expression and pre-mRNA alternative-splicing levels might be influenced by FSCN1.

Results
Silencing FSCN1 in A549 cells affected malignant phenotypes; it inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted apoptosis. RNA-seq analysis revealed 2,851 DEGs and 3,057 alternatively spliced genes. Gene ontology-based functional enrichment analysis showed that downregulated DEGs and alternatively splicing genes were enriched for the cell-cycle. FSCN1 promoted the alternative splicing of cell-cycle-related mRNAs involved in tumorigenesis (i.e., BCCIP, DLGAP5, PRC1, RECQL5, WTAP, and SGO1). Combined analysis of FSCN1 RNA-binding targets and RNA-seq data suggested that FSCN1 might affect ACTG1, KRT7, and PDE3A expression by modulating the pre-mRNA alternative-splicing levels of NME4, NCOR2, and EEF1D, that were bound to long non-coding RNA transcripts (RNASNHG20, NEAT1, NSD2, and FTH1), which were highly abundant. Overall, extensive transcriptome analysis of gene alternative splicing and expression levels was performed in cells transfected with FSCN1 short-interfering RNA. Our data provide global insights into the regulatory mechanisms associated with the roles of FSCN1 and its target genes in lung cancer.
Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity Evaluation of the Ethanolic Extract of Coula edulis B., (Olacaceae) Stem Bark
Authors: Beyegue Eric , Youovop Janvier Fotso , Takuissu Guy Roussel , Ndoue Nadine Essola , Mbappe Florine Essouman , Edou Ferdinand , Azantsa Boris Gabin Kingue , Ngondi Judith Laure , Oben Julius Enyong 
Published: December 2023

Aims: Coula edulis Baill., (Olacaceae) is a non-lignified forest product not well known and widely used in sub-Saharan Africa as a phytomedicine or food additive. However, the toxicity of this plant remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety of the ethanolic extract of C. edulis stem bark (CEE).
Study Design: Pharmacological study.
Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaounde 1 (Cameroon), between June 2018 and July 2022.
Methodology: Studies on the assessment of acute and subchronic toxicity were carried out by guidelines 423 of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Subacute toxicity of the sample was assessed over 28 days using repeated doses by OECD Guideline 407.
Results: No cases of death and clinical signs of toxicity were observed in the treated rats, suggesting that the LD50 of C. edulis ethanolic extract is greater than 2000 mg/kg bw. Regarding the subacute toxicity study, the administration of CEE also did not result in any changes in the course of body weight. Only a significant decrease in the relative weight of the ovaries in females at the highest dose of 600 mg/kg was observed. In males and females, CEE did not affect lipid profile markers or transaminase levels (AST, ALT). In addition, a small but non-significant (p> 0.05) increase in creatinine was observed without kidney dysfunction. In males, CEE induced an increase in mean corpuscular volume number at 600 mg/kg, while at the same time, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration decreased at the 300 mg/kg dose. In females, a significant increase in the number of monocytes, red blood cells, and hemoglobin level were observed. No difference in the levels of urea, glucose, and lipid markers was observed nor histological changes in the organs studied.
Conclusion: As would be expected, exposure to CEE did not cause significant toxic effects in treated rats. Therefore, this plant extract can be safely recommended for therapeutic use.
Effect of Organic Nutrients and Bio Fertilizers on Soil Parameters and Nutritional Content of Amaranth
Authors: Sarangi Swati Sulagna , Sarma Ira , Gogoi Sailen , Barooah Aradhana 
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic nutrients and bio fertilizers on soil parameters and nutritional content of amaranth. Eleven treatments were taken in three replications and the experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD).The treatments were T1:RDF (60:30:20 kg NPK/ha), T2:Vermicompost @ 2 t/ha, T3:Vermicompost @ 5 t/ha, T4:FYM 10 t/ha, T5:FYM 20t/ha, T6:Poultry manure 3t/ha, T7:Poultry manure 5 t/ha, T8:Vermicompost @ 2 t/ha+PSB+Azospirillum@ 5 kg/ha each, T9 :FYM @ 10t/ha+ PSB+Azospirillum@ 5 kg/ha each, T10:Poultry manure 3 t/ha+ PSB+Azospirillum@ 5 kg/ha each and T11: Untreated control. The highest vitamin C (147.8 mg/100 gm) and crude fibre content (1.48%) was observed in the treatment T8 and T4, respectively. Maximum calcium (8.36%) and iron (0.21%) content was observed in the treatment T8. The treatment T10 recorded the highest mean performance for PH, organic carbon, available nitrogen and potash content in the soil analyzed after harvest of the crop.
Two Years Outcome of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Obese Patients in A Government Hospital of Central India (2017-2019) with Review of Literature
Authors: Bansod Atish , Mirajkar Girish , Jadhav Vaishnavpriya K. , Wankhede Abhijit M. , Kothari Kathan 
Published: December 2023

Background: Bariatric surgery is an established mode of weight loss which has metabolic effects in addition to weight loss. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a restrictive procedure which entails creation of gastric sleeve laparoscopically by using laparoscopic staplers.
Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Surgery in Government Medical College and Hospital on 50 patients admitted in different surgical wards from July 2017 to November 2019. They were evaluated for weight loss and co-morbidity resolution in addition to studying the clinical profile.
Objectives: To study the safety and effectiveness of the sleeve gastrectomy as a bariatric procedure
Results: The mean age of participants in this study is 38.8 years. The youngest participant is 18 years old. The oldest participant is 58 years old. The male to female sex ratio is 1:1.94. Out of 50 (22%) patients belonged to the middle class and remaining 39 out of 50 patients (78%) belonged to the lower socioeconomic scale according to 2019 revised Kuppuswamy scale. The lowest Body Mass Index (BMI) operated was 33 kg/m2. The mean BMI operated was 38.81 kg/m2. The most common group of patients belonged to the group of BMIs between 35-39.9kg/m2. %EWL at 2 years is 81.83. Percentage of complete resolution of DM, HTN, OSA and hypothyroidism is 61.53%, 70.59%, 90% and 66.67%.
Conclusions: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a safe and effective form of bariatric surgery with comparable weight-loss and co-morbidity resolution.
Time to Cancer Treatment and Chemotherapy Relative Dose Intensity for Patients With Breast Cancer Living With HIV
Authors: O’Neil Daniel S. , Martei Yehoda M. , Crew Katherine D. , Castillo Brenda S. , Costa Philippos , Lim Tristan , Michel Alissa , Rubin Elizabeth , Goel Neha , Hurley Judith , Lopes Gilberto , Antoni Michael H. 
Published: December 2023

ImportancePatients with breast cancer and comorbid HIV experience higher mortality than other patients with breast cancer.ObjectiveTo compare time to cancer treatment initiation and relative dose intensity (RDI) of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy among patients with breast cancer with vs without HIV.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA retrospective, matched cohort study enrolled women who received a diagnosis of breast cancer from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2018. The electronic medical records of 3 urban, academic cancer centers were searched for women with confirmed HIV infection prior to or simultaneous with diagnosis of stage I to III breast cancer. Tumor registry data were used to identify 2 control patients with breast cancer without HIV for each participant with HIV, matching for study site, stage, and year of cancer diagnosis. Statistical analysis was performed from December 2022 to October 2023.ExposureHIV infection detected before or within 90 days of participants’ breast cancer diagnosis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was time to breast cancer treatment initiation, defined as the number of days between cancer diagnosis and first treatment. The secondary outcome was overall RDI for patients who received chemotherapy. These outcomes were compared by HIV status using Cox proportional hazards regression and linear regression modeling, respectively, adjusting for confounding demographic and clinical factors. Exploratory outcomes included instances of anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and liver function test result abnormalities during chemotherapy, which were compared using Fisher exact tests.ResultsThe study enrolled 66 women with comorbid breast cancer and HIV (median age, 51.1 years [IQR, 45.7-58.2 years]) and 132 with breast cancer alone (median age, 53.9 years [IQR, 47.0-62.5 years]). The median time to first cancer treatment was not significantly higher among patients with HIV than those without (48.5 days [IQR, 32.0-67.0 days] vs 42.5 days [IQR, 25.0-59.0 days]; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.78, 95% CI, 0.55-1.12). Among the 36 women with HIV and 62 women without HIV who received chemotherapy, the median overall RDI was lower for those with HIV vs without HIV (0.87 [IQR, 0.74-0.97] vs 0.96 [IQR, 0.88-1.00]; adjusted P = .01). Grade 3 or higher neutropenia during chemotherapy occurred among more women with HIV than those without HIV (13 of 36 [36.1%] vs 5 of 58 [8.6%]).Conclusions and RelevanceThis matched cohort study suggests that patients with breast cancer and HIV may have experienced reduced adjuvant chemotherapy RDI, reflecting greater dose reductions, delays, or discontinuation. Strategies for supporting this vulnerable population during chemotherapy treatment are necessary.
An Ex Vivo Aorta Culture Model to Study Vascular Cellular Senescence
Authors: Yu Yijie , Bian Shihui , Jiang Yu , Li Bo , Cui Xinggang , Ding Shu , Dai Zhiyin , Chen Rui , Zhong Wei , Yuan Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnimal studies on vascular aging pose a few limitations. One of the most important reasons for this is the absence of a fast and efficient model of vascular tissue aging. In this study, ex vivo aortic culture and Matrigel subcutaneous implantation are combined to develop a new model for studying vascular cellular senescence. Eight‐week‐old C57BL/6J mice are used to obtain aortas. Bleomycin is used to induce aortas senescence in vitro. Then, aortas are transplanted to the acceptor mice with Matrigel. Senescence is evaluated using western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and senescence‐associated beta‐galactosidase activity. Inflammatory cytokines are detected using Luminex Liquid Suspension Chip. RNA levels are analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. The results revealed that vessels in the bleomycin group exhibited significant senescence than those in the control group that can be enhanced by stripping vessel adventitia. The levels of cytokines such as interleukin (IL‐2, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 increased significantly in the ex vivo model. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing revealed 56 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ex vivo model vessels compared with those in naturally aging aortas. In conclusion, this study introduces a cost‐effective and time‐saving vessel senescence model for vascular cellular senescence.
Hot “Dissolving” Extrusion of Lurasidone with Natural Liquid Small Molecule for Amorphous Solid Dispersion Based Self‐Assembled Submicron Emulsion
Authors: Shen Peiya , Hu Enshi , Zhang Chunfeng , Gao Yuan , Qian Shuai , Heng Weili , Zhang Jianjun , Wei Yuanfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNowadays, ≈90% of new drug candidates under development are poorly bioavailable due to their low solubility and/or permeability. Herein, a natural liquid small molecule trans‐anethole (TA) is introduced into the drug‐polymer system lurasidone (LUS)‐poly (1‐vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐vinyl acetate) (VA64), notably improving the compatibility of components for the successful preparation of amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) and facilitating the formation of self‐emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) during dissolution. LUS‐TA‐VA64 ASD shows enhanced supersaturation with a long maintenance time of at least 24 h over pure LUS. The strong non‐covalent force between VA64 (as emulsifier) and TA (as oil phase)/ water promotes the self‐assembly of submicron emulsion and ensures its stability for at least 10 h. Compared to the commercial salt form of LUS, the ASD shows twofold increase in peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under plasma concentration‐time profiles (AUC), 1.5‐fold increase in peak time (Tmax), and twofold decrease in AUC‐based coefficient of variation (CV) (59%→26%) after a single oral dose to a rabbit.
Data‐Driven Design for Metamaterials and Multiscale Systems: A Review
Authors: Lee Doksoo , Chen Wei (Wayne) , Wang Liwei , Chan Yu‐Chin , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetamaterials are artificial materials designed to exhibit effective material parameters that go beyond those found in nature. Composed of unit cells with rich designability that are assembled into multiscale systems, they hold great promise for realizing next‐generation devices with exceptional, often exotic, functionalities. However, the vast design space and intricate structure–property relationships pose significant challenges in their design. A compelling paradigm that could bring the full potential of metamaterials to fruition is emerging: data‐driven design. This review provides a holistic overview of this rapidly evolving field, emphasizing the general methodology instead of specific domains and deployment contexts. Existing research is organized into data‐driven modules, encompassing data acquisition, machine learning‐based unit cell design, and data‐driven multiscale optimization. The approaches are further categorized within each module based on shared principles, analyze and compare strengths and applicability, explore connections between different modules, and identify open research questions and opportunities.
Photo‐Activated Growth and Metastable Phase Transition in Metallic Solid Solutions
Authors: Martin Andrew , Pauls Alana M. , Chang Boyce , Boyce Eva , Thuo Martin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLaser processing in metals is versatile yet limited by its reliance on phase transformation through heating rather than electronic excitation due to their low absorptivity, attributing from highly ordered structures. Metastable states (i.e., surfaces, glasses, undercooled liquids), however, present a unique platform, both energetically and structurally to enable energy landscape tuning through selective stimuli. Herein, this ansatz is demonstrated by exploiting thin passivating oxides to stabilize an undercooled state, followed by photo‐perturbation of the near surface order to induce convective Marangoni flows, edge‐coalescence and phase transition into a larger metastable solid bearing asymmetric composition between the near surface and core of the formed structure. The self‐terminating nature of the process creates a perfectly contained system which can maintain a high relaxation energy barrier hence deep metastable states for extended periods of time.
In Situ Growth of High‐Quality Single‐Crystal Twisted Bilayer Graphene on Liquid Copper
Authors: Liu Shan , He Baizhe , Yang Wei , Zhou Xiahong , Xue Xudong , Liu Mengya , Zhao Yao , Wang Xinhe , Si Jia , Wang Fuyi , Zhang Zhiyong , Peng Lianmao , Yu Gui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwisted bilayer graphene (TBG) generates significant attention in the fundamental research of 2D materials due to its distinct twist‐angle‐dependent properties. Exploring the efficient production of TBG with a wide range of twist angles stands as one of the major frontiers in moiré materials. Here, the local space‐confined chemical vapor deposition growth technique for high‐quality single‐crystal TBG with twist angles ranging from 0° to 30° on liquid copper substrates is reported. The clean surface, pristine interface, high crystallinity, and thermal stability of TBG are verified by using comprehensive characterization techniques including optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and secondary‐ion mass spectrometry. The proportion of TBG in bilayer graphene reaches as high as 89%. In addition, the stacking structure and growth mechanism of TBG are investigated, revealing that the second graphene layer develops beneath the first one. A series of comparative experiments illustrates that the liquid copper surface, with its excellent fluidity, promotes the growth of TBG. Electrical measurements show the twist‐angle‐dependent electronic properties of as‐grown TBG, achieving a room‐temperature carrier mobility of 26640 cm2 V−1 s−1. This work provides an approach for the in situ preparation of 2D twisted materials and facilitates the application of TBG in the fields of electronics.
Repurposing agricultural support policies for shared prosperity in rural Fiji
Authors: Anderson Kym 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNotwithstanding the increasing place of tourism exports, the rural sector and its agricultural production remain important contributors to Fijiʼs economy. But their contribution is compromised by policies and institutions that distort the farm sectorʼs resource use, with too many resources employed by sugar and livestock producers at the expense of other farmers and producers of non‐farm products. Subsidies to the sugar industry could be used instead to boost investment in rural public goods such as infrastructure and agricultural research. That would benefit a much larger proportion of rural people, many of whom are below the poverty line. So too would a lowering of tariffs on imports of meat and milk products. And by thereby lowering food prices in urban areas, such re‐purposing of support would benefit their poorest households most. It would also lower the prices of high‐protein livestock products and nutrient‐rich fruits and vegetables, which could well improve nutrition and health.