bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Associated Fibrosis Stages Among US Adults Using Imaging-Based vs Biomarker-Based Noninvasive Tests
Authors: Fishman Jesse , O'Connell Tom , Parrinello Christina M. , Woolley Jonathan J. , Bercaw Eric , Charlton Michael R. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is believed to be the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Therapies are under development for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the progressive form of NAFLD, such that the prevalence of NASH with liver fibrosis, which is likely to require treatment, may be of interest to healthcare decision makers. Noninvasive tests are used in initial screening for NASH, as well as in observational studies of NASH prevalence. However, existing evidence does not address how estimated prevalence varies with different noninvasive tests. This analysis estimated the prevalence of NASH among US adults and assessed variation with different noninvasive tests. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the 2017–March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycle. Participants with presumed NAFLD (steatosis and without alternative causes of liver disease) were identified, among whom NASH was predicted based on FAST score, Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and AST-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) cutoffs across 11 scenarios. Among NASH participants, fibrosis stages were explored based on distribution across the spectrum of liver-stiffness measurements. Results: Among participants with complete data for the analysis (N=6969), prevalence of presumed NAFLD was 25.6%. Within presumed NAFLD, prediction of NASH using imaging-based NIT cutoffs yielded estimated prevalence of 1.3%-4.8% (3.3 million-12.2 million) based on FAST score cutoffs from 0.35-0.67. Using biomarker-based NIT cutoffs yielded estimated prevalence of 0.4%-12.3% (1.0 million-14.5 million) based on FIB-4 cutoffs from 0.90-2.67, and 0.1%-1.9% (0.2-5.0 million) based on APRI cutoffs from 0.50-1.50. Conclusion: Prevalence of NASH among US adults was estimated to range from 1.3% to 4.8% when predicted using imaging-based noninvasive test values for participants with presumed NAFLD, generally aligning with estimates in the literature of prevalence of biopsy-confirmed NASH. Use of biomarker-based noninvasive test values for prediction of NASH yielded a wider range of estimates with FIB-4, and a considerably lower range of estimates with APRI.
POLYGON CYBER EXERCISES ON THE EXAMPLE OF SIMULATION OF COMPUTER EPIDEMICS OF NETWORKS
Authors: Москалева Е.А. , Шеншин А.И. , Каданцев И.А. 
Published: February 2024

В настоящее время повсеместное применение киберполигонов продолжает набирать обороты, расширяя возможности и повышая эффективность информационной защиты систем. Количество и качество преднамеренных информационных угроз, неуклонно растет, включая атаки с применением вредоносного программного обеспечения. Значительную угрозу представляют вредоносы, способные порождать масштабные сетевые эпидемии, поскольку их деструктивное воздействие позволяет быстро и эффективно наносить значительный финансовый и репутационный ущерб организациям и частным лицам. Несмотря на значительный прогресс в исследовании в области сетевой эпидемиологии, актуальным остается вопрос эффективной оценки и регулирования рисков возникновения компьютерных эпидемий в сетях. В статье обсуждается методика моделирования эпидемии сети, учитывающая диффузию вирусного программного обеспечения. Рассматриваемая методика предусматривает программную реализацию моделирования процессов размножения и диффузии вирусного программного обеспечения в атакуемой телекоммуникационной сети. На основе методики проводились киберучения на базе киберполигона кафедры систем информационной безопасности Воронежского государственного университета.
Currently, the widespread use of cyber ranges continues to gain momentum, expanding the capabilities and increasing the efficiency of information protection of systems. The number and quality of deliberate information threats is steadily growing, including attacks using malicious software. Malware that can cause large-scale network epidemics poses a significant threat, since their destructive effects can quickly and effectively cause significant financial and reputational damage to organizations and individuals. Despite significant progress in research in the field of network epidemiology, the issue of effective assessment and regulation of the risks of computer epidemics in networks remains relevant. The article discusses a technique for modeling a network epidemic that takes into account the diffusion of virus software. The technique under consideration involves a software implementation of modeling the processes of reproduction and diffusion of viral software in an attacked telecommunications network. Based on the methodology, cyber exercises were conducted at the cyber training ground of the Department of Information Security Systems of Voronezh State University.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST NETWORK ATTACKS: METHODS FOR FORMING PRIVATE POLICIES, REGULATIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS TO ENSURE ORGANIZATION SECURITY (PART II)
Authors: Остапенко Г.А. , Щербакова Д.В. , Мирошниченко Т.Ю. , Остапенко А.А. , Краснобородкин А.Г. 
Published: February 2024

Предлагается методическое обеспечение для формирования частных регламентов защиты корпоративных сетей. Представляемая методология создания частных регламентов направлена на процесс управления инцидентами нарушения безопасности, возникающие вследствие реализации различных типов сетевых атак. Частные регламенты включают в себя: регламент обнаружения и регистрации инцидентов нарушения сетевой безопасности, регламент реагирования на инциденты нарушения сетевой безопасности, регламент ликвидации последствий инцидентов нарушения сетевой безопасности. Приведенная методика по построению регламентов позволяет классифицировать инциденты нарушения безопасности, учитывая их уровень критичности и приоритет, также определяет механизмы регистрации. Представлен алгоритм по реагированию на инциденты и по выявлению и ликвидации негативных последствий, вызванных инцидентами.
Proposed methodological support for the formation of private regulations for the protection of corporate networks of the organization. The presented methodology for creating private regulations is aimed at managing incidents of security breaches arising from the implementation of various types of network attacks. Private regulations include: the regulation for detecting and registering incidents of network security violations, the regulation for responding to incidents of network security violations, the regulation for eliminating the consequences of incidents of network security violations. The above methodology for the construction of regulations allows classifying security breach incidents, taking into account their level of criticality and priority, and also determines the registration mechanisms. An algorithm for responding to incidents and for identifying and eliminating the negative consequences caused by incidents is presented.
NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION
Authors: Ермаков С.А. , Чурсин А.Г. , Анцупов П.А. 
Published: February 2024

Разработана модель обнаружения сетевых вторжений, с использованием нейросетевых структур, главным отличием которой является более точная идентификация угроз, по сравнению с аналогами. Проанализированы публикации по темам выявления угроз информационной безопасности, особенностям применения машинного обучения и эффективности использования моделей нейронных сетей с глубоким обучением для обнаружения атак. Выделены нерешенные частные проблемы, требующие детальной проработки: выбор наиболее оптимальной архитектуры нейронной сети, и комбинирование методов статистического анализа и машинного обучения. Представлена модель системы обнаружения вторжений и вредоносной активности, которая сочетает в себе аналитику поведения пользователей и модель выявления аномалий. Предложенная модель позволяет отслеживать кибератаки, для которых отсутствуют сигнатуры, и снизить уровень ложных срабатываний при идентификации ранее неизвестных кибератак.
A model for detecting network intrusions using neural network structures has been developed, the main difference of which is a more accurate identification of threats compared to analogues. Analyzed publications on the topics of identifying information security threats, the specifics of using machine learning and the effectiveness of using neural network models with deep learning to detect attacks. The unsolved parts requiring detailed study are highlighted: the choice of the most optimal neural network architecture, and the combination of statistical analysis and machine learning methods. A model of an intrusion detection system and malicious activity is presented, which combines user behavior analytics and an anomaly detection model. The proposed model allows you to track cyber-attacks for which there are no signatures and reduce the level of false positives when identifying previously unknown cyber-attacks.
MEANS AND METHODS OF MONITORING AND PREVENTION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF FALSE INFORMATION
Authors: Караханова А.А. , Белоножкин В.И. 
Published: February 2024

Социальные сети и новостные агентства все чаще публикуют фальшивые (фейковые) новости для увеличения читательской аудитории или в рамках информационной войны, поэтому проблема обнаружения фейков в социальных сетях становится все более актуальной. В статье рассмотрено влияние вредоносных и интеллектуальных узлов на распространение ложной информации с применением модели простого заражения сети. Исследована динамика перехода узлов в различные состояния – восприимчивое, принимающее и иммунизированное.Предложено решение, которое можно использовать для снижения вероятности распространения фейков на примере обнаружения и фильтрации кликбейтов, эффективность которого была подтверждена экспериментально.
Social networks and news agencies are increasingly publishing fake news to increase readership or as part of psychological warfare, so the problem of detecting fakes in social networks is only gaining relevance. The article considers the impact of malicious nodes on the spread of false information using a simple infection model with the inclusion of intelligent nodes that recognize false information better than ordinary nodes. The dynamics of the transition of nodes to various states - susceptible, receiving and immunized - was investigated. A solution has been proposed that can be used to reduce the likelihood of the spread of fakes using the example of detecting and filtering clickbates, the effectiveness of which has been confirmed experimentally.
ANALYSIS OF THE SECURITY OF COMPONENTS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM BUILT ON WIRELESS NETWORKS
Authors: Громов Ю.Ю. , Карасев П.И. , Елисеев А.И. , Карамышева Е.О. , Кибец Н.С. 
Published: February 2024

В работе рассмотрена безопасность информационных систем, построенных на беспроводных технологиях, представлены нормативные документы, которые содержат в себе требования и рекомендации к настройке информационных систем для предотвращения их дальнейшей компрометации со стороны внешних нарушителей. Помимо этого, была рассмотрена история Wi-Fi, а именно то, как эволюционировали беспроводные сети по скорости, по безопасности с точки зрения шифрования передаваемых в беспроводной среде данных. Кроме того, был проведен экскурс в устаревшие алгоритмы шифрования. Одной из ключевых задач стало создание стенда, с помощью которого удалось убедиться в уязвимости старых протоколов к современным угрозам. В статье также представлен аудит безопасности экспериментальной тестовой сети, а также описан процесс его проведения с указанием использующихся утилит. По результатам тестирования представлены рекомендации по обеспечению безопасности таких информационных систем.
The paper examines the security of information systems built on wireless technologies, presents regulatory documents that contain requirements and recommendations for setting up information systems to prevent their further compromise by external violators. In addition, the history of Wi-Fi was reviewed, namely how wireless networks have evolved in terms of speed, security, and in terms of encryption of data transmitted in a wireless environment. In addition, an excursion into outdated encryption algorithms was conducted. One of the key tasks was the creation of a stand, with the help of which it was possible to verify the vulnerability of old protocols to modern threats. The article also presents a security audit of an experimental test network, and also describes the process of conducting it, indicating the utilities used. Based on the testing results, recommendations for ensuring the security of such information systems are presented.
THE INFOCARTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS METHOD OF HACKTIVIST ACTION
Authors: Сердечный А.Л. , Остапенко А.Г. 
Published: February 2024

Объективное понимание ландшафта угроз является необходимым условием для выработки эффективных мер предотвращения компьютерных инцидентов или снижения негативных последствий в случае их наступления. В статье предлагается метод, который обеспечивает такое понимание для угроз, связанных с действиями политически мотивированных группировок (хактивистов). Метод основан на использовании информационных карт для визуализации сложных взаимосвязей между такими группами. В рамках описания метода определён процесс построения и анализа информационных карт, включающий сбор сведений о действиях хактивистов в публичном пространстве, формирование графа связей и размеченного ландшафта информационной карты, с помощью которых проводится анализ явных и скрытых зависимостей между группировками, их сообществами, а также атакуемыми объектами. С помощью информационных карт удобно осуществлять мониторинг за большим количеством источников и событий в рамках глобальных киберконфликтов, затрагивающих несколько сотен групп из различных стран и регионов. В результате информационно-картографического анализа активности группировок хактивистов могут быть заранее определены направления их атак, что позволяет своевременно повысить бдительность групп реагирования на инциденты и обеспечить координированное взаимодействие в информационном пространстве.
An objective understanding of the threat landscape is a prerequisite for developing effective measures to prevent computer incidents or reduce negative consequences in the event of their occurrence. The article proposes a method that provides such an understanding for threats related to the actions of politically motivated groups (hacktivists). The method is based on the use of information maps to visualize complex relationships between such groups. As part of the description of the method, the process of constructing and analyzing information maps is defined, including collecting information about the actions of hacktivists in public space, forming a graph of connections and a marked landscape of the information map, with the help of which the analysis of explicit and hidden dependencies between groups, their communities, as well as the attacked objects is carried out. With the help of information maps, it is convenient to monitor a large number of sources and events within the framework of global cyber conflicts affecting several hundred groups from different countries and regions. As a result of the infocartographic analysis of the activity of hacktivist groups, the directions of their attacks can be determined in advance, which makes it possible to increase the vigilance of incident response teams in a timely manner and ensure coordinated interaction in the information space.
Artificial Intelligence in Accounting and Finance: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Berdiyeva Oguljan Berdiyeva , Umar Muhammad Umar Islam , Saeedi Mitra Saeedi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The use of the traditional system is declined greatly and with a modernization of the accounting and finance process there have been a great deal of change, and these improvements are beneficial to the accounting and finance industry. Adopting Artificial Intelligence applications such as Expert systems for audit and tax, Intelligent Agents for customer service, Machine Learning for decision making, etc. can lead a great benefit by reducing errors and increasing the efficiency of the accounting and finance processes. To keep ensuring a transparent and replicable process, we have conducted a meta-analysis. The database search was between the years 1989-2020 and reviewed 150 research papers. As meta-analysis results show, the majority of researches illustrate a positive effect of the impact of AI systems in the accounting and finance process.
Paraphilia Induced Suicide: A Case Report
Authors: Ashok Kumar Rastogi  
Published: February 2024

Paraphilia is a term used to describe different sexual deviations involving unconventional methods of sexual gratification. Paraphili as indulged in abnormal and orthodox sex play by using objects as parts of the body or fantasies in which complete satisfaction is sought and obtained without sexual intercourse. Perversions are acts that are socially prohibited or unacceptable, or biologically undesirable. In sexual paraphilia, usually, person psychopaths suffer from mental aberrations and conflicts, socio-sexual maladjustments, psychosexual imbalance, and abnormalities. Paraphilia-induced suicide is a type of anomic suicide, and anomic suicide is due to a lack of social regulation that occurs during high levels of stress and frustration. Paraphilia may induce suicide even though paraphilia is not punishable. It is just due to fear of social defamation and social taboo. Case presentation: A 59-year-old male committed suicide on the railway track, and thenthe body was sent to the mortuary room for an autopsy examination. History was taken from the police and relatives. He was a widower for the last 15 years. Conclusions: Paraphilia is the form of the insertion of foreign bodies in the rectum, and when a person cannot remove foreign bodies himself, attending a hospital is very humiliating. To prevent the social integrity or selfesteem, the person committed suicide. Where this type of paraphilia is not listed as a crime in India, for sexual gratification, a person may use it by any means, which may be natural or unnatural form. Many unnatural forms of paraphilia are used by many people, which is not punishable. Sexual gratification is done by most of normal people and a few abnormal psychiatric people by any sexual perversion. All paraphilia that is not punishable by the law should not be considered a social taboo.
Study of Medico-legal cases in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Donthireddy Leela Durga  , Dheeravath Kalyani  , R. Kalyan Varma  , P Namrata  , Srinivasulu Pothireddy  , M. Vaikunta Babu  
Published: February 2024

Medico-legal cases are pivotal in the pursuit of justice for victims and the accused. It is essential for medical professionals to be well-versed in the intricacies of medico-legal cases to ensure that they follow the procedures of the law of the land diligently. Understanding the patterns of medico-legal cases in a specific region can assist government authorities in devising strategies to prevent such incidents. This study was conducted at a rural tertiary care teaching hospital over a span of seven months, from January to July 2023, and examined 139 medicolegal cases. The age group of 21 to 40 years, predominantly comprising males, emerged as the most affected demographic in our study. Road traffic accidents were the predominant cause of medico-legal cases, with head injuries being the most frequently observed. Understanding the demographics and injury patterns of medico-legal cases in this rural area serves as a foundation for tailoring medical care and legal interventions to the specific needs of the community. By continuing to investigate and analyze medico-legal cases, healthcare providers and law enforcement agencies can work collaboratively to not only address the immediate medical needs of victims but also to develop proactive strategies to minimize the occurrence of such cases and improve overall community well-being.
Peraturan Kewajiban Penggunaan Hijab di Sekolah Negeri Bagi Siswi Non-Muslim Sebagai Subjek Religiusitas: Studi Kasus SMK Negeri 2 Kota Padang
Authors: Selfiani Shifa , Hairiyah Salma Maisyatul , Maulida Mutiara Irma 
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Hijab being very sentimental and crucial because as muslim, hijab is considered an obligation like what Allah mention in the Qur’an with the aim of getting peace when practicing a religion. However, forcing the use of the hijab is no longer part of practicing religious teachings but rather using religion to vent their ego so that it is ingrained as a cultural practice especially in Indonesia today. This paper was made using a falsification test with the aim of examining whether the concept of the hijab that has been imprinted so far is still relevant to the current conditions and social context of society. On this journal we would like to inform how big the impact that generated by the construction of the majority thought the rule of one form and fit will come with a culture rooted in society. Then the conclusion is drawn that hijab should adapt to the context of modernity in this era of globalization. Keywords: Hijab, Intolerance, Deconstruction Abstrak: Hijab menjadi suatu hal yang sangat sentimental dan krusial karena sebagai umat muslim hijab dianggap sebagai suatu kewajiban seperti apa yang sudah disebutkan Allah dalam Al-Qur’an dengan tujuan mendapatkan kedamaian ketika mengamalkan suatu agama. Namun pemaksaan penggunaan hijab bukan lagi bagian dari pengamalan ajaran agama melainkan menggunakan agama untuk melampiaskan ego mereka sehingga sudah mendarah daging sebagai suatu praktik budaya terutama di Indonesia saat ini. Tulisan ini dibuat menggunakan uji falsifikasi dengan tujuan mengkaji apakah konsep hijab yang sudah terpatri selama ini masih relevan dengan kondisi dan konteks sosial masyarakat saat ini. Pada jurnal ini kami memperlihatkan seberapa besar dampak yang dihasilkan oleh kelompok mayoritas terhadap konstruksi pemikiran masyarakat salah satunya bentuk supremasi akan hijab yang kemudian membaur bersama budaya yang mengakar di masyarakat. pada kemudian ditarik kesimpulan bahwa hijab seharusnya beradaptasi dengan konteks modernitas di era globalisasi ini.Kata kunci: Hijab, Intoleransi, Dekonstruksi.