bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of sediment transported downstream from the 2015 deep‐seated landslide in Mt. Hakusan, Japan
Authors: Thapa Prakash Singh , Daimaru Hiromu , Ichion Eiji , Yanai Seiji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA massive landslide occurred in May 2015 in the Mt. Hakusan Sennindani area, leading to the discharge of a substantial amount of sediment into the Tedori River. We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis of secondary data to assess the potential effects of discharged sediments on the downstream environment, including long‐term turbidity in rivers, alterations in fish habitats, and groundwater depletion. To analyse the spatio‐temporal changes in the river floodplain elevation and paddy fields, aerial photographs and airborne light detection and ranging data were assessed using the ArcGIS software. After the landslide, the turbidity of the Tedori River increased and continued flowing turbid for approximately 6 months. Turbid water spread in the alluvial fan through the irrigation canal network and sediment was deposited in the paddy fields, leading to a reduction in infiltration rates. The groundwater level in the alluvial fan area decreased by more than 2.0 m following the 2015 Sennindani landslide. The sediment deposition in the river floodplain increased by 0.58 m from 2013 to 2015 (pre‐ and post‐landslide). The sediment from upstream destroyed the spawning sites of the Ayu fish along the Tedori River, leading to a decrease in the number of eggs laid in 2015 and 2016 to the lowest levels. The Tomiyo fish disappeared in 2016 and 2017, downstream of the alluvial fan, which received water recharge from the Tedori River. Moreover, Chum salmon showed an exceptionally high anadromous movement towards the Tedori River from coastal areas during 2015 and 2016. In conclusion, discharged sediment from deep upstream landslides can have various adverse impacts on downstream ecosystems, and recovery to their original state may require a considerable amount of time.
The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with dysphagia after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Ku Peter K. M. , Vlantis Alexander C. , Hui Thomas S. C. , Yeung Zenon W. C. , Cho Ryan H. W. , Wong Marc H. K. , Lee Alex K. F. , Yeung David C. M. , Chan Simon Y. P. , Chan Becky Y. T. , Chang Wai‐tsz , Mok Florence , Wong Kam‐hung , Wong Jeffrey K. T. , Abdullah Victor , van Hasselt Andrew , Wu Justin C. Y. , Tong Michael C. F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) in post‐irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is unknown.Materials and methodsIn a cross‐sectional study, 31 NPC and 12 control patients completed questionnaires for GERD/LPR before esophageal manometry and 24‐h pH monitoring. The DeMeester score and reflux finding score (RFS) were used to define GERD and LPR, respectively. Risk factors were identified.Results51.6% of NPC and 8.3% of control patients, and 77.4% of NPC and 33% of control patients, were GERD‐positive and LPR‐positive, respectively. The GERD/LPR questionnaire failed to identify either condition in patients with NPC. No parameter differences in esophageal manometry or pneumonia incidence were noted between GERD/LPR‐positive and GERD/LPR‐negative patients. Post radiotherapy duration, high BMI, lack of chemotherapy, and dysphagia were positive risk factors for GERD/LPR.ConclusionsA high prevalence of GERD/LPR in patients with post‐irradiated NPC exists, but reflux symptoms are inadequate for diagnosis.
Blood culture quality and turnaround time of clinical microbiology laboratories in Chinese Teaching Hospitals: A multicenter study
Authors: Liu Wanting , Liao Kang , Wu Jinsong , Liu Suling , Zheng Xin , Wen Weihong , Fu Liang , Fan Xiaoyi , Yang Xiao , Hu Xiumei , Jiang Yueting , Wu Kuihai , Guo Zhusheng , Li Yang , Liu Weiyang , Cai Mufa , Guo Zhaowang , Guo Xuguang , Lu Jinghui , Chen Enzhong , Zhou Hongwei , Chen Dingqiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeBlood culture (BC) remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections. Improving the quality of clinical BC samples, optimizing BC performance, and accelerating antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results are essential for the early detection of bloodstream infections and specific treatments.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multicenter study using 450,845 BC specimens from clinical laboratories obtained from 19 teaching hospitals between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021. We evaluated key performance indicators (KPIs), turnaround times (TATs), and frequency distributions of processing in BC specimens. We also evaluated the AST results of clinically significant isolates for four different laboratory workflow styles.ResultsAcross the 10 common bacterial isolates (n = 16,865) and yeast isolates (n = 1011), the overall median (interquartile range) TATs of AST results were 2.67 (2.05–3.31) and 3.73 (2.98–4.64) days, respectively. The specimen collections mainly occurred between 06:00 and 24:00, and specimen reception and loadings mainly between 08:00 and 24:00. Based on the laboratory workflows of the BCs, 16 of the 19 hospitals were divided into four groups. Time to results (TTRs) from specimen collection to the AST reports were 2.35 (1.95–3.06), 2.61 (1.98–3.32), 2.99 (2.60–3.87), and 3.25 (2.80–3.98) days for groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively.ConclusionThis study shows the related BC KPIs and workflows in different Chinese hospitals, suggesting that laboratory workflow optimization can play important roles in shortening time to AST reports and initiation of appropriate timely treatment.
A systematic review of brain metastases from lung cancer using magnetic resonance neuroimaging: Clinical and technical aspects
Authors: Ghaderi Sadegh , Mohammadi Sana , Mohammadi Mahdi , Pashaki Zahra Najafi Asli , Heidari Mehrsa , Khatyal Rahim , Zafari Rasa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionBrain metastases (BMs) are common in lung cancer (LC) and are associated with poor prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a vital role in the detection, diagnosis and management of BMs. This review summarises recent advances in MRI techniques for BMs from LC.MethodsThis systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in three electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science. The search was limited to studies published between January 2000 and March 2023. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using appropriate tools for different study designs. A narrative synthesis was carried out to describe the key findings of the included studies.ResultsSixty‐five studies were included. Standard MRI sequences such as T1‐weighted (T1w), T2‐weighted (T2w) and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) were commonly used. Advanced techniques included perfusion‐weighted imaging (PWI), diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) and radiomics analysis. DWI and PWI parameters could distinguish tumour recurrence from radiation necrosis. Radiomics models predicted genetic mutations and the risk of BMs. Diagnostic accuracy was improved with deep learning (DL) approaches. Prognostic factors such as performance status and concurrent chemotherapy impacted survival.ConclusionAdvanced MRI techniques and specialised MRI methods have emerging roles in managing BMs from LC. PWI and DWI improve diagnostic accuracy in treated BMs. Radiomics and DL facilitate personalised prognosis and treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging plays a key role in the continuum of care for BMs of patients with LC, from screening to treatment monitoring.
Twenty years of network meta‐analysis: Continuing controversies and recent developments
Authors: Ades A. E. , Welton Nicky J. , Dias Sofia , Phillippo David M. , Caldwell Deborah M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNetwork meta‐analysis (NMA) is an extension of pairwise meta‐analysis (PMA) which combines evidence from trials on multiple treatments in connected networks. NMA delivers internally consistent estimates of relative treatment efficacy, needed for rational decision making. Over its first 20 years NMA's use has grown exponentially, with applications in both health technology assessment (HTA), primarily re‐imbursement decisions and clinical guideline development, and clinical research publications. This has been a period of transition in meta‐analysis, first from its roots in educational and social psychology, where large heterogeneous datasets could be explored to find effect modifiers, to smaller pairwise meta‐analyses in clinical medicine on average with less than six studies. This has been followed by narrowly‐focused estimation of the effects of specific treatments at specific doses in specific populations in sparse networks, where direct comparisons are unavailable or informed by only one or two studies. NMA is a powerful and well‐established technique but, in spite of the exponential increase in applications, doubts about the reliability and validity of NMA persist. Here we outline the continuing controversies, and review some recent developments. We suggest that heterogeneity should be minimized, as it poses a threat to the reliability of NMA which has not been fully appreciated, perhaps because it has not been seen as a problem in PMA. More research is needed on the extent of heterogeneity and inconsistency in datasets used for decision making, on formal methods for making recommendations based on NMA, and on the further development of multi‐level network meta‐regression.
Spiritual well‐being and restorative experiences: A case of a religious shrine
Authors: Kim Jinok Susanna , Kim Sung Tae , Han Jin Wook 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic value of various functions of pilgrimage sites in the modern ere as pilgrimage became popular. To survey was conducted with pilgrims and tourists visiting the Solmoe Shrine, the birth place of Father Andrew Kim, the first ordained priest of Korea, and is located in Dangjin City, South Korea. Conservative evaluation method based on real setting scenarios 2, willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for preservation value of Solmoe Shrine was estimated at KRW141,366 ($105) a year per household or approximately KRW2.95 trillion ($2.188 billion) depending on WTP truncated mean. According to the results of the study, the psychological variables that influence the willingness to pay were the restorative experience and spiritual well‐being. These results can be seen that in the modern era, pilgrimage is greatly linked not only to religious purposes but also to personal health.
Application of flexible resistometric sensors for real‐time corrosion monitoring under insulation
Authors: Popova Kateryna , Prošek Tomáš , Šefl Václav , Šedivý Miloslav , Kouřil Milan , Reiser Matěj 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCorrosion under insulation (CUI) is a form of corrosion typically occurring on steel pipes and vessels covered with thermal insulation. CUI is a critical issue in petrochemical and refining industry leading to significant financial losses and severe environmental hazards. State‐of‐the art CUI monitoring system consisting of wireless loggers with flexible resistometric sensors is used to assess the effect of insulation material, position, and presence of a defect on the actual corrosivity toward carbon steel under alternating condensation conditions. All three considered factors together with the climatic parameters and presence of corrosion products are important for the CUI process. Most complex is the role of the insulation material as the properties inhibiting corrosion under intact insulation may be linked to a worse insulating ability. Because of the high sensitivity and immediate response of the sensors, the technique can be applied for timely CUI detection of insulated pipelines in both industrial facilities and laboratory studies.
High‐Performance Piezoelectric Nanogenerator of BTO‐PVDF Nanofibers for Wearable Sensing
Authors: Jiang Jiang , Wan Lingyu , Li Liuyan , Li Ping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPiezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) produces stable electrical signals in response to external mechanical stimuli and holds promise in the fields of flexible sensors and smart wearable devices. In practice, a high‐performance PENG with a straightforward structure and exceptional reliability is deeply desired. This study optimally synthesizes piezoelectric composites comprising polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) incorporated with barium titanate (BTO) nanoparticles (NPs) and fabricated a PENG with heightened sensitivity by using the electrospinning technique. The polar β‐phase content of the dual‐optimized BTO‐PVDF (barium titanate and polyvinylidene fluoride) electrospun fiber reaches up to 82.39%. In the bending mode, it achieves a remarkable maximum open‐circuit voltage of 19.152 V, a transferred charge of 8.058 nC, and an output voltage per unit area of 2.128 V cm−2. Under vertical pressure conditions, the BP‐PENG exhibits an impressive voltage of 12.361 V while the force is 2.156 N, demonstrating a notable pressure sensing sensitivity of 5.159 V kPa−1, with an excellent linear relationship. Furthermore, the BP‐PENG displays sensitive sensing features in monitoring hand movements. The sensitive response and high performance make it promising for applications in human motion monitoring and smart wearable devices.
Effects of white noise on preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Qing , Huo Qiugui , Chen Peizhen , Yao Wenying , Ni Zhihong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo critically assess the effects of white noise on the pain level, weight gain and vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation) of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsTen databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP and Wanfang Data) were systematically reviewed from inception to July 2022. Two reviewers evaluated the risk of bias separately using the Cochrane Collaboration criteria and extracted data using a predesigned information form.ResultsThe meta‐analysis included eight eligible RCTs. According to statistical analysis, white noise significantly affected the pain level, weight gain, heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation in preterm infants. Regardless of the outcome measurement timing, gestational age and birth weight of preterm infants, subgroup analysis demonstrated that white noise reduced the pain level, heart rate and respiratory rate and promoted weight gain in preterm infants in NICUs.ConclusionWhite noise is a practical and potentially useful therapy for premature neonates in NICUs. No Patient or Public Contribution.
Associations between Medicaid enrollment and diagnosis stage and survival among pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Johnson Kimberly J. , Brown Derek S. , O'Connell Caitlin P. , Thompson Tess , Barnes Justin M. , King Allison A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMedicaid‐associated disparities in childhood and adolescent (pediatric) cancer diagnosis stage and survival have been reported. However, a key limitation of prior studies is the assessment of health insurance at a single time point. To evaluate Medicaid‐associated disparities more robustly, we used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicaid linked data to examine diagnosis stage and survival disparities in those (i) Medicaid‐enrolled and (ii) with discontinuous and continuous Medicaid enrollment.MethodsSEER–Medicaid linked data from 2006 to 2013 were obtained on cases diagnosed from 0 to 19 years. Medicaid enrollment was classified as enrolled versus not enrolled, with further classifications as continuous when enrolled 6 months before through 6 months after diagnosis, and discontinuous when not enrolled continuously for this period. We used multinomial logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models to determine associations between enrollment measures, diagnosis stage, and cancer death adjusted for covariates.ResultsAmong 21,502 cases, a higher odds of distant stage diagnoses were observed in association with Medicaid enrollment (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48–1.65), with the highest odds for discontinuous enrollment (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.86–2.15). Among 30,654 cases, any Medicaid enrollment, continuous enrollment, and discontinuous enrollment were associated with 1.68 (95% CI: 1.35–2.10), 1.66 (95% CI: 1.35–2.05), and 1.89 (95% CI: 1.54–2.33) times higher hazards of cancer death versus no enrollment, respectively.ConclusionsMedicaid enrollment, particularly discontinuous enrollment, is associated with a higher distant stage diagnosis odds and risk of death. This study supports the critical need for consistent health insurance coverage in children and adolescents.
Gate‐Based Protocol Simulations for Quantum Repeaters using Quantum‐Dot Molecules in Switchable Electric Fields
Authors: Wilksen Steffen , Lohof Frederik , Willmann Isabell , Bopp Frederik , Lienhart Michelle , Thalacker Christopher , Finley Jonathan , Florian Matthias , Gies Christopher 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectrically controllable quantum‐dot molecules (QDMs) are a promising platform for deterministic entanglement generation and, as such, a resource for quantum‐repeater networks. A microscopic open‐quantum‐systems approach based on a time‐dependent Bloch–Redfield equation is developed to model the generation of entangled spin states with high fidelity. The state preparation is a crucial step in a protocol for deterministic entangled‐photon‐pair generation that is proposed for quantum repeater applications. The theory takes into account the quantum‐dot molecules' electronic properties that are controlled by time‐dependent electric fields as well as dissipation due to electron–phonon interaction. The transition between adiabatic and non‐adiabatic regimes is quantified, which provides insights into the dynamics of adiabatic control of QDM charge states in the presence of dissipative processes. From this, the maximum speed of entangled‐state preparation is inferred under different experimental conditions, which serves as a first step toward simulation of attainable entangled photon‐pair generation rates. The developed formalism opens the possibility for device‐realistic descriptions of repeater protocol implementations.
Exploring Trends and Opportunities in Quantum‐Enhanced Advanced Photonic Illumination Technologies
Authors: Taha Bakr Ahmed , Addie Ali J. , Haider Adawiya J. , Chaudhary Vishal , Apsari Retna , Kaushik Ajeet , Arsad Norhana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe development of quantum‐enabled photonic technologies has opened new avenues for advanced illumination across diverse fields, including sensing, computing, materials, and integration. This review highlights how Quantum‐enhanced sensing and imaging exploit nonclassical correlations to attain unprecedented accuracy in chaotic environments. As well as guaranteeing secure communications, quantum cryptography, protected by physical principles, ensures unbreakable cryptographic key exchange. As quantum computing speed increases exponentially, previously unimplementable uses for classical computers become feasible. On‐chip integration enables the mass production of quantum photonic components for pervasive applications by facilitating miniaturization and scalability. A powerful and flexible platform is produced when classical and quantum systems are combined. Quantum spin liquids and other topological materials can maintain their quantum states while subject to decoherence. Despite challenges with decoherence, production, and commercialization, quantum photonics is an exciting new area of study that promises lighting techniques impossible with conventional optics. To realize this promise, researchers from several fields must work together to solve complex technical problems and decode fundamental physics. Finally, advances in quantum‐enabled photonics have the potential to evolve quantum photonic devices and cutting‐edge imaging methods and usher in a new age of lighting options based on quantum dots.
Soil bacterial community is influenced by long‐term integrated soil fertility management practices in a Ferralsol in Western Kenya
Authors: Bolo Peter , Mucheru‐Muna Monicah , Mwirichia Romano K. , Kinyua Michael , Ayaga George , Kihara Job 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionSoil bacterial community structure, abundance and diversity, important in biogeochemical cycling, are influenced by several anthropogenic and edaphic factors. Numerous agronomic practices have been promoted to improve soil fertility and crop production in western Kenya, but little is known on their impacts on soil microbial diversity in the region.Materials and MethodsIn this study, conducted in 2019, we assessed the influence of various long‐term (17 years) agronomic management practices, involving application of farmyard manure (FYM) either sole or under different combinations with inorganic nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), using 12 treatments, on bacterial community composition, relative abundance and diversity. The bacterial community composition was assessed through amplicon sequencing on an Illumina Miseq platform conducted in MR DNA Laboratory, USA.ResultsThe soil bacterial community composition and diversity were predominantly higher under management practices with application of FYM, either sole or in combination with inorganic fertilisers compared to treatments with either sole NPK fertiliser or no input application. Certain bacterial taxa, involving Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Nitrospirae, Fusobacteria, Nitrospinae and Actinobacteria predominated in management practices where FYM was added either solely or in combination with chemical fertilisers. In addition, several soil chemical parameters showed significant influences on bacterial composition, relative abundance and diversity indices. Soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), N, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe and cation exchange capacity consistently showed strong positive correlation with numerous bacterial phyla. Bacterial phyla were significantly affected by treatments. Some bacterial phyla, like Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria, were mostly dominant in treatments applied with organic inputs but were depressed under carbon‐deficient treatments (no‐input control and sole NPK application treatments).ConclusionThis study revealed that long‐term agricultural management practices that seek to improve SOC content and nutrient availability also stimulated bacterial diversity and shifted bacterial composition.
Design of 1,8‐Naphthalimide‐Based Fluorescent Functional Molecules for Biological Application: A Review
Authors: Nie Wo , Hu Liu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract1,8‐Naphthalimide fluorophore, as the classical skeleton for fluorescent functional molecules, has gained much attention in the chemistry and biomedical field due to its excellent fluorescent properties, photostability, and structural flexibility. The rational design of the substituents on the C‐4 position and N‐position of 1,8‐naphthalimide chromophore can provide specific functions for the molecules, such as fluorescence sensing, energy‐trapping, and targeting. This review presents the design progress of 1,8‐naphthalimide‐based fluorescence sensors for metal ions and biological molecules, and 1,8‐naphthalimide‐functionalized photosensitive dyes in the biological field over the past years. We summarize the general fluorescent molecular design strategies, recent developments of 1,8‐naphthalimide in innovative photosensitizers, and the challenges, wishing to promote new ideas in developing smart and functional molecules from 1,8‐naphthalimide derivatives.