bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochromes transmit photoperiod information via the evening complex in Brachypodium
Authors: Gao Mingjun , Lu Yunlong , Geng Feng , Klose Cornelia , Staudt Anne-Marie , Huang He , Nguyen Duy , Lan Hui , Lu Han , Mockler Todd C. , Nusinow Dmitri A. , Hiltbrunner Andreas , Schäfer Eberhard , Wigge Philip A. , Jaeger Katja E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDaylength is a key seasonal cue for animals and plants. In cereals, photoperiodic responses are a major adaptive trait, and alleles of clock genes such asPHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD1)andEARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3)have been selected for in adapting barley and wheat to northern latitudes. How monocot plants sense photoperiod and integrate this information into growth and development is not well understood.ResultsWe find thatphytochrome C (PHYC)is essential for flowering inBrachypodium distachyon. Conversely, ELF3 acts as a floral repressor andelf3mutants display a constitutive long day phenotype and transcriptome. We find that ELF3 and PHYC occur in a common complex. ELF3 associates with the promoters of a number of conserved regulators of flowering, includingPPD1andVRN1. Consistent with observations in barley, we are able to show thatPPD1overexpression accelerates flowering in short days and is necessary for rapid flowering in response to long days. PHYC is in the active Pfr state at the end of the day, but we observe it undergoes dark reversion over the course of the night.ConclusionsWe propose that PHYC acts as a molecular timer and communicates information on night-length to the circadian clock via ELF3.
Adhesion and virulence properties of native Metarhizium fungal strains from Burkina Faso for the control of malaria vectors
Authors: Sare Issiaka , Baldini Francesco , Viana Mafalda , Badolo Athanase , Djigma Florencia , Diabate Abdoulaye , Bilgo Etienne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Local strains of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium pingshaense in Burkina Faso have demonstrated remarkable virulence against malaria vectors, positioning them as promising candidates for inclusion in the future arsenal of malaria control strategies. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this virulence remain unknown. To comprehend the fungal infection process, it is crucial to investigate the attachment mechanisms of fungal spores to the mosquito cuticle and explore the relationship between virulence and attachment kinetics. This study aims to assess the adhesion and virulence properties of native Metarhizium fungal strains from Burkina Faso for controlling malaria vectors.

Methods
Fungal strains were isolated from 201 insects and 1399 rhizosphere samples, and four strains of Metarhizium fungi were selected. Fungal suspensions were used to infect 3-day-old female Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes at three different concentrations (106, 107, 108 conidia/ml). The survival of the mosquitoes was measured over 14 days, and fungal growth was quantified after 1 and 24 h to assess adhesion of the fungal strains onto the mosquito cuticle.

Results
All four fungi strains increased mosquito mortality compared to control (Chi-square test, χ2 = 286.55, df = 4, P < 0.001). Adhesion of the fungal strains was observed on the mosquito cuticle after 24 h at high concentrations (1 × 108 conidia/ml), with one strain, having the highest virulent, showing adhesion after just 1 h.

Conclusion
The native strains of Metarhizium spp. fungi found in Burkina Faso have the potential to be effective biocontrol agents against malaria vectors, with some strains showing high levels of both virulence and adhesion to the mosquito cuticle.

Graphical Abstract
Changes in contributions of different Anopheles vector species to malaria transmission in east and southern Africa from 2000 to 2022
Authors: Msugupakulya Betwel J. , Urio Naomi H. , Jumanne Mohammed , Ngowo Halfan S. , Selvaraj Prashanth , Okumu Fredros O. , Wilson Anne L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalaria transmission in Africa is facilitated by multiple species ofAnophelesmosquitoes. These vectors have different behaviors and vectorial capacities and are affected differently by vector control interventions, such as insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying. This review aimed to assess changes in the contribution of different vector species to malaria transmission in east and southern Africa over 20 years of widespread insecticide-based vector control.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Global Health, and Web of Science online databases for articles published between January 2000 and April 2023 that provided species-specific sporozoite rates for different malaria vectors in east and southern Africa. We extracted data on study characteristics, biting rates, sporozoite infection proportions, and entomological inoculation rates (EIR). Using EIR data, the proportional contribution of each species to malaria transmission was estimated.ResultsStudies conducted between 2000 and 2010 identified theAnopheles gambiaecomplex as the primary malaria vector, while studies conducted from 2011 to 2021 indicated the dominance ofAnopheles funestus. From 2000 to 2010, in 57% of sites,An. gambiaedemonstrated higher parasite infection prevalence than otherAnophelesspecies.Anopheles gambiaealso accounted for over 50% of EIR in 76% of the study sites. Conversely, from 2011 to 2021,An. funestusdominated with higher infection rates than otherAnophelesin 58% of sites and a majority EIR contribution in 63% of sites. This trend coincided with a decline in overall EIR and the proportion of sporozoite-infectedAn. gambiae. The main vectors in theAn. gambiaecomplex in the region wereAnopheles arabiensisandAn. gambiaesensu stricto (s.s.), while the important member of theAn. funestusgroup wasAn. funestuss.s.ConclusionThe contribution of different vector species in malaria transmission has changed over the past 20 years. As the role of An. gambiaehas declined, An. funestusnow appears to be dominant in most settings in east and southern Africa. Other secondary vector species may play minor roles in specific localities. To improve malaria control in the region, vector control should be optimized to match these entomological trends, considering the different ecologies and behaviors of the dominant vector species.Graphical Abstract
Spinal cord stimulator explant caused by post-incisional cellulitis secondary to Varicella Zoster Virus (shingles) infection: a case report
Authors: Mohabbati Vahid , Papan Mohammadkazem 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) is a well-established therapy for refractory neuropathic pain, known for its safety and minimally-invasive nature. However, complications, including surgical site infections (SSIs), can arise post-implantation. SCS-related SSIs occur in 3.4% to 4.6% of cases within 90 days post-implant, often requiring device removal and impacting pain management and healthcare costs. The impulse generator, electrode implant site and lumbar/thoracic surgical site are commonly affected, with local skin flora and circulating organisms being the primary causes of infection.

Case presentation
An 80-year-old Lebanese male with chronic neuropathic lower back and bilateral leg pain, significantly impairing function, underwent prolonged hospitalizations for COVID-19 infection and acute-on-chronic pain with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Considering SCS as a therapeutic option, a successful trial led to permanent implantation, resulting in improved pain severity and functional capacity. However, three months later, the patient developed post-incisional cellulitis and wound dehiscence secondary to Varicella Zoster Virus (shingles) Infection directly over the Implantable Pulse Generator (IPG) incision line. Despite antibiotic treatment, the infection progressed, necessitating SCS system explantation.

Discussion
This represents the first reported case of VZV infection causing wound dehiscence and SCS explantation post-implantation. Contributing factors may include itching around the IPG site, facilitating deeper tissue inoculation. Laboratory and imaging tests may not reliably detect SSIs, and superficial infections may respond to antibiotics, while deep infections typically require implant removal. Early identification and intervention are vital to minimize complications.

Conclusion
This unique case emphasizes the need for heightened vigilance and monitoring in patients with viral infections near medical devices. A standardized approach to assessing and managing SCS-related infections is critical. Sharing such experiences contributes to improved understanding and treatment of these rare incidents.
Efficacy of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy on pain intensity and disability of older people with chronic nonspecific low back pain: a protocol for a network meta-analysis
Authors: Fonseca Letícia Soares , Silva Juliana Pereira , Souza Mateus Bastos , Mascarenhas Rodrigo de Oliveira , Silva Hytalo de Jesus , Campos Mariana Gabrich Moraes , Pereira Leani Souza Máximo , Oliveira Murilo Xavier , Oliveira Vinicius Cunha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to investigate the efficacy of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy on pain intensity and disability of older people with chronic nonspecific low back pain, providing comprehensive evidence for an informed decision-making.

Methods
We will perform a systematic search to identify randomized controlled trials of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for older people with chronic nonspecific low back pain. MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, AMED, PsycINFO, and PEDro will be searched without language or date restrictions. Our primary outcomes are pain intensity and disability. Risk of bias will be assessed for all studies using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB) tool 2.0. For each pairwise comparison between the different interventions, estimated mean differences and their 95% confidence intervals will be presented. Standard pairwise meta-analyses will be performed using random effects models in STATA version 16. The competing interventions will be ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for the outcomes of interest at short and long terms. The confidence in the results from NMA will be assessed using the Confidence in Network Meta‐Analysis (CINeMA) framework.

Discussion
This NMA compares efficacy of interventions for nonspecific chronic low back pain in older people. It will provide reliable evidence for patients, clinicians, stakeholders, and researchers in this field where competing therapies, many of extraordinarily little value, are commonly used in clinical practice.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42022312565
Identification of quantitative trait loci and associated candidate genes for pregnancy success in Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers
Authors: Hoorn Quinn A. , Zayas Gabriel A. , Rodriguez Eduardo E. , Jensen Laura M. , Mateescu Raluca G. , Hansen Peter J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In beef cattle, more than 50% of the energy input to produce a unit of beef is consumed by the female that produced the calf. Development of genomic tools to identify females with high genetic merit for reproductive function could increase the profitability and sustainability of beef production.

Results
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed using a single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach on pregnancy outcome traits from a population of Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers. Furthermore, a validation GWAS was performed using data from another farm. Heifers were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250 array that contains 221,077 SNPs. In the discovery population, heifers were bred in winter breeding seasons involving a single round of timed artificial insemination (AI) followed by natural mating for 3 months. Two phenotypes were analyzed: pregnancy outcome to first-service AI (PAI; n = 1,481) and pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season (PEBS; n = 1,725). The heritability was estimated as 0.149 and 0.122 for PAI and PEBS, respectively. In the PAI model, one quantitative trait locus (QTL), located between 52.3 and 52.5 Mb on BTA7, explained about 3% of the genetic variation, in a region containing a cluster of γ-protocadherin genes and SLC25A2. Other QTLs explaining between 0.5% and 1% of the genetic variation were found on BTA12 and 25. In the PEBS model, a large QTL on BTA7 was synonymous with the QTL for PAI, with minor QTLs located on BTA5, 9, 10, 11, 19, and 20. The validation population for pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season were Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers bred by natural mating. In concordance with the discovery population, the large QTL on BTA7 and QTLs on BTA10 and 12 were identified.

Conclusions
In summary, QTLs and candidate SNPs identified were associated with pregnancy outcomes in beef heifers, including a large QTL associated with a group of protocadherin genes. Confirmation of these associations with larger populations could lead to the development of genomic predictions of reproductive function in beef cattle. Moreover, additional research is warranted to study the function of candidate genes associated with QTLs.
Adolescent sadfishing on social media: anxiety, depression, attention seeking, and lack of perceived social support as potential contributors
Authors: Shabahang Reza , Shim Hyejin , Aruguete Mara S. , Zsila Ágnes 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Sympathy-seeking negative online self-disclosure, or “sadfishing,” has proliferated in social media. This study investigates sadfishing by developing and validating a brief self-report questionnaire of the construct and exploring potential psychological correlates.

Methods
A total of 345 Iranian adolescent social media users (Mage = 16.29, SDage = 1.52) participated in the study. Participants completed the newly constructed Social Media Sadfishing Questionnaire, in addition to measures of anxiety, depression, attention seeking, perceived social support, and social media use integration.

Results
Factor analyses revealed a unidimensional structure of the 5-item Social Media Sadfishing Questionnaire. The questionnaire yielded sound construct validity and internal consistency. Anxiety, depression, and attention seeking were positively associated with sadfishing, while perceived social support from family and friends was negatively associated with sadfishing. Negative online reactions to sadfishing were rare. Boys reported higher sadfishing tendencies than girls at age 12; however, sadfishing in boys declined at a higher rate than in girls with age.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that negative affect and attention seeking, combined with feelings of low social support, can be associated with adolescent sadfishing on social media. The quantitative results shed new light on the contribution of psychosocial factors to sadfishing.
Closing a chapter? A protocol for a longitudinal mixed methods study on retirement from elite sport
Authors: Ronkainen Noora J. , Schmid Michael J. , Hlasová Helena , Örencik Merlin , Schmid Jürg , Conzelmann Achim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRetirement from elite sport represents a major life transition for athletes and requires them to redefine their central life projects, identities, and perhaps even sources of meaning in life. Although an extensive body of literature has identified risk and protective factors in career termination, little is known about the more subjective processes and individual pathways of athletes as they establish their new relationship with work-life and sport. The planned longitudinal mixed methods study follows Swiss elite athletes’ transition with a focus on understanding (1) the relationship between psychological resources, life situations at the end of the sports career, and the retirement process; (2) how athletes’ post-retirement vocational careers interact with their subjective careers and sense of meaningful work; (3) how athletes reconstruct their identities and relationship with sport over time; and (4) how gender shapes athletes’ pathways and reorientation of their life design.Using a person-oriented approach combined with narrative inquiry, we expect to identify specific types and stories which demonstrate individual differences in career and personal development throughout the transitional period, an understanding of which can be targeted towards support programmes for retiring elite athletes. As the study centralises dimensions of positive psychological functioning (meaning and purpose in life/sport/work, resilience, life satisfaction), it complements previous studies focused on psychological distress and provides much needed knowledge that can be used to foster well-being in athletic retirement. Collaborating with the Swiss Olympic Association helps to ensure that the research findings will be disseminated to relevant end-users and used towards developing socially sustainable elite sport for the future generations.
Trust in information sources as a moderator of the impact of COVID-19 anxiety and exposure to information on conspiracy thinking and misinformation beliefs: a multilevel study
Authors: Khalaf Mustafa Ali , Shehata Ahmed Maher 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the intricate relationship between exposure to information sources, trust in these sources, conspiracy and misinformation beliefs, and COVID-19 anxiety among 509 Omani citizens aged 11 to 50, representing 11 governorates. Employing structural equation modeling, we not only examine these associations but also explore how trust and COVID-19 anxiety act as moderating variables in this context. Additionally, we delve into demographic factors such as age group, educational level, gender, and place of residence (governorate) to discern potential variations.Our findings reveal that trust in health experts is inversely related to belief in conspiracy theories, while trust in health experts negatively correlates with exposure to conspiracy and misinformation. Intriguingly, trust in health experts exhibits divergent effects across governorates: it diminishes conspiracy and misinformation beliefs in some regions but not in others. Exposure to personal contacts and digital media, on the other hand, is associated with heightened beliefs in misinformation and conspiracy theories, respectively, in select governorates. These distinctions may be attributed to proximity to Muscat, the capital city of Oman, where various media outlets and policy-making institutions are situated. Furthermore, lower educational attainment is linked to greater belief in conspiracy and misinformation. Females reported higher levels of conspiracy theory beliefs and COVID-19 anxiety while no significant differences were detected in misinformation beliefs.This study sheds light on the intricate dynamics of misinformation and conspiracy theories in the context of COVID-19 in Oman, highlighting the pivotal roles of trust and COVID-19 anxiety as moderating factors. These findings offer valuable insights into understanding and addressing the spread of misinformation and conspiracy theories during a public health crisis.
MSLFuzzer: black-box fuzzing of SOHO router devices via message segment list inference
Authors: Cheng Yixuan , Fan Wenqing , Huang Wei , Yang Jingyu , Yu Gaoqing , Liu Wen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe popularity of small office and home office routers has brought convenience, but it also caused many security issues due to vulnerabilities. Black-box fuzzing through network protocols to discover vulnerabilities becomes a viable option. The main drawbacks of state-of-the-art black-box fuzzers can be summarized as follows. First, the feedback process neglects to discover the missing fields in the raw message. Secondly, the guidance of the raw message content in the mutation process is aimless. Finally, the randomized validity of the test case structure can cause most fuzzing tests to end up with an invalid response of the tested device. To address these challenges, we propose a novel black-box fuzzing framework called MSLFuzzer. MSLFuzzer infers the raw message structure according to the response from a tested device and generates a message segment list. Furthermore, MSLFuzzer performs semantic, sequence, and stability analyses on each message segment to enhance the complementation of missing fields in the raw message and guide the mutation process. We construct a dataset of 35 real-world vulnerabilities and evaluate MSLFuzzer. The evaluation results show that MSLFuzzer can find more vulnerabilities and elicit more types of responses from fuzzing targets. Additionally, MSLFuzzer successfully discovered 10 previously unknown vulnerabilities.
A phase 1 trial of claudin 18.2-specific antibody-drug conjugate CMG901 in patients with advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer.
Authors: Xu Rui-Hua , Ruan Dan-Yun , Zhang Dong-Sheng , Liu Fu-Rong , Luo Su-Xia , Zhuang Zhi-Xiang , Wang Zhen-Ning , Liu Fu-Nan , Zhang Yan-Qiao , Yang Jian-Wei , Chen Zhen-Dong , Wang Yong-Sheng , Wang Jun-Ye , Liang Xiao-Hua , Wu Xiao-Jie , Zheng Yu-Long , Liu Jian , Shi Xi , Liu Wei , Chen Bo 
Published: November 2023

434420 Background: Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a promising therapeutic target for advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer. CMG901, a potential first-in-class CLDN18.2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate carrying monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), has demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity in preclinical studies. Methods: This phase 1 trial included a dose-escalation phase (part A; 0.3-3.4 mg/kg) and a dose-expansion phase (part B; 2.2, 2.6, and 3.0 mg/kg) to evaluate safety, tolerability, and anti-tumor activity of CMG901 in patients (pts) with advanced G/GEJ cancer and other solid tumors. CLDN18.2 expression was not required for study entry in part A, but CLDN18.2 expression of ≥2+ membrane staining intensity in ≥5% tumor cells was required for G/GEJ cancer in part B. CMG901 was administrated intravenously every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoints were safety/tolerability and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for part A, and objective response rate (ORR, per RECIST v1.1) and recommended phase 2 dose in part B. Here we present the G/GEJ cancer data from this ongoing trial. Results: MTD was not reached during dose escalation. As of July 24, 2023, 113 G/GEJ cancer pts received CMG901 at doses of 2.2-3.0 mg/kg (6 pts from part A and 107 pts from part B). The median prior lines of systemic therapy were 2 (range 1-6). Most common TEAEs were anaemia (62.8%), vomiting (57.5%), and hypoalbuminaemia (57.5%). Neutrophil count decreased (18.6%) and anaemia (13.3%) were the most frequent grade ≥3 TEAEs. Of 89 evaluable (≥1 post-treatment scan) CLDN18.2-positive pts, confirmed ORR was 32.6% (Table). For all 93 CLDN18.2-positive pts, the median progression-free survival was 4.76 months (95%CI 3.35-6.14) after a median follow-up of 5.98 months. The median overall survival (OS) was not reached, with an OS rate of 56.4% at 9 months. Conclusions: CMG901 demonstrated promising clinical efficacy in CLDN18.2-positive G/GEJ cancer pts, with a manageable safety profile. These results support further evaluation of CMG901 in CLDN18.2-positive G/GEJ cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT04805307 .[Table: see text]