bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐reported characteristics of people seeking primary care physiotherapy in Denmark: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pedersen Julie Rønne , Hartvigsen Jan , Hoegh Morten , Thorlund Jonas Bloch 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLimited knowledge exists on the self‐reported characteristics of patients seeking primary care physiotherapy in Denmark.ObjectivesTo describe primary symptom site, co‐occurrent pain sites, pain intensity, symptom duration, and number of symptom episodes in patients seeking primary care physiotherapy using patient‐reported data.MethodsCross‐sectional study of patients seeking primary care physiotherapy within a nationwide network of clinics in Denmark (FysioDanmark®). Data from the FysioDanmark® clinical database with patient‐reported information obtained from questionnaires distributed to patients prior to their first consultation were used. This included primary symptom site, co‐occurrent pain sites, pain intensity (0–10 numeric rating scale), symptom duration, and number of symptom episodes.ResultsData from 61,097 patients (57% female) aged 42 years (interquartile range 29–53) and 63,566 first visits were included. The most common reasons for seeking care were back‐ (22.9%), non‐specific‐ (19.8%) and shoulder symptoms (15.9%). The majority of patients (89.4%) reported symptoms lasting longer than 7 days, and many experienced recurrent episodes. Median pain intensity ranged from 3 to 5 across primary symptom sites and age groups. In general, females reported higher pain intensity than males.ConclusionDanish patients seeking primary care physiotherapy most commonly presented with back, non‐specific, and shoulder symptoms, with mild‐to‐moderate pain lasting longer than 7 days, and many with recurrent episodes.
Monoterpenoids: An upcoming class of therapeutic agents for modulating cancer metastasis
Authors: Mathur Anurag , Meena Abha , Luqman Suaib 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMonoterpenoids, a sub‐class of terpenoids, are secondary metabolites frequently extracted from the essential oils of aromatic plants. Their antitumor properties including antiproliferative, apoptotic, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects along with other biological activities have been the subject of extensive study due to their diverse characteristics. In recent years, numerous investigations have been conducted to understand its potential anticancer impacts, specifically focusing on antiproliferative and apoptotic mechanisms. Metastasis, a malignancy hallmark, can exert either protective or destructive influences on tumor cells. Despite this, the potential antimetastatic and antiangiogenic attributes of monoterpenoids need further exploration. This review focuses on specific monoterpenoids, examining their effects on metastasis and relevant signaling pathways. The monoterpenoids exhibit a high level of complexity as natural products that regulate metastatic proteins through various signaling pathways, including phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin, mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase/jun N‐terminal kinase, nuclear factor kappa B, vascular endothelial growth factor, and epithelial mesenchymal transition process. Additionally, this review delves into the biosynthesis and classification of monoterpenoids, their potential antitumor impacts on cell lines, the plant sources of monoterpenoids, and the current status of limited clinical trials investigating their efficacy against cancer. Moreover, monoterpenoids depict promising potential in preventing cancer metastasis, however, inadequate clinical trials limit their drug usage. State‐of‐the‐art techniques and technologies are being employed to overcome the challenges of utilizing monoterpenoids as an anticancer agent.
Scalable Implementation of Temporal and Phase Encoding QKD with Phase‐Randomized States
Authors: Francesconi Saverio , De Lazzari Claudia , Ribezzo Domenico , Vagniluca Ilaria , Biagi Nicola , Occhipinti Tommaso , Zavatta Alessandro , Bacco Davide 
Published: December 2023

AbstractQuantum key distribution (QKD), that is, exchanging cryptographic keys encoded in quantum particles exploiting the laws of quantum physics, is already a reality in our society. Current implementations are based on attenuated laser technique, a practical replacement of single photons which requires a random phase for each quantum state in order to achieve the highest level of security. In particular, the time‐bin and phase encoding techniques are mainly exploiting laser in gain‐switching modes combined with asymmetric interferometers or multiple laser sources in a master–slave configuration, which present limitations in terms of stability and scalability. In this work, a novel scheme for implementing a reconfigurable and scalable QKD transmitter based on the time‐bin encoding protocol with a decoy‐state method employing phase‐randomized weak coherent states is proposed and demonstrated. The scheme is tested and validated up to 26 dB‐attenuation channel using standard single‐photon detectors working in the telecom wavelength range.
Reaction with Water Vapor Defines Surface Reconstruction and Membranolytic Activity of Quartz Milled in Different Molecular Environments
Authors: Bellomo Chiara , Lagostina Valeria , Pavan Cristina , Paganini Maria Cristina , Turci Francesco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndustrial processing of quartz (SiO2) and quartz‐containing materials produces toxic dust. Fracturing quartz crystals opens the Si‒O bond and produces highly reactive surface species which mainly react with molecules like water and oxygen. This surface‐reconstruction process forms silanol (Si‒OH) on the quartz surface, which can damage biological membranes under specific configurations. To comprehend the impact of the quartz surface restructuring on membranolytic activity, the formation and reactivity of quartz radicals produced in four distinct molecular environments with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy are evaluated and their membranolytic activity is measured through in vitro hemolysis test. The four molecular environments are formulated with and without molecular water vapor and oxygen (±H2O/±O2). The absence of water favored the formation of surface radical species. In water‐rich environments, diamagnetic species prevailed due to radical recombination. Quartz milled in −H2O/±O2 acquired membranolytic activity when exposed to water vapor, unlike quartz milled in +H2O/±O2. After being stabilized by reaction with water vapor, the membranolytic activity of quartz is maintained over time. It is demonstrated that the type and the reactivity of radical sites on quartz are modulated by the outer molecular environment, ultimately determining the biological activity of milled quartz dust.
Regulating Ir−O Covalency to Boost Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wu Jiayan , Zou Wenwu , Zhang Jiaxi , Zhang Longhai , Song Huiyu , Cui Zhiming , Du Li 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe unsatisfactory oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of IrO2 has intensively raised the cost and energy consumption of hydrogen generation from proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. Here, the acidic OER activity of the rutile IrO2 is significantly enhanced by the incorporation of trivalent metals (e.g., Gd, Nd, and Pr) to increase the Ir−O covalency, while the high‐valence (pentavalent or higher) metal incorporation decreases the Ir−O covalency resulting in worse OER activity. Experimental and theoretical analyses indicate that enhanced Ir−O covalency activates lattice oxygen and triggers lattice oxygen‐mediated mechanism to enhance OER kinetics, which is verified by the finding of a linear relationship between the natural logarithm of intrinsic activity and Ir−O covalency described by charge transfer energy. By regulating the Ir−O covalency, the obtained Gd‐IrO2–δ merely needs 260 mV of overpotential to reach 10 mA cm−2 and shows impressive stability during a 200‐h test in 0.5 м H2SO4. This work provides an effective strategy for significantly enhancing the OER activity of the widely used IrO2 electrocatalysts through the rational regulation of Ir−O covalency.
Fatigue performance of prefabricated composite T‐beams under cyclic overloading: An experimental study
Authors: Xie Zhi‐Yu , Zhang Da‐Wei , Wu Xi , Dai Jian‐Guo , Ueda Tamon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExisting studies have proved that interfaces between the prefabricated layer and the cast‐in‐place layer significantly affect the static performance of prefabricated concrete structures using the wet connection method, but little has been known about the fatigue performance, especially at high load levels. This study investigated the fatigue behavior of prefabricated composite concrete beams under negative bending moment induced by the high‐stress level cyclic load. Fifteen composite T‐beams with three different designed sections were tested. The failure mode, cracking and deflection behavior, steel strain development, and the new‐old concrete interfacial deformation were recorded and analyzed. It was found that the stress redistribution occurred with the debonding cracks generated at the new‐old concrete interface, causing the degradation of the static and fatigue performance. Setting interfacial shear keys could prevent such debonding failure at static and low cyclic loading levels. Meanwhile, the corresponding mechanisms were verified through cross‐sectional analysis.
Improved analytic method for outrigger structures considering floor stiffness
Authors: Chen Lin , Tan Ping , Zhao Xiaofeng , Xu Yafei , Zhou Fulin 
Published: December 2023

SummaryCurrent analytical models for outrigger structures in super high‐rise buildings tend to oversimplify by not considering the stiffness of individual floors. This paper introduces a more refined calculation model, based on the substructure method, which takes floor stiffness into account. To verify our proposed approach, we derived a mathematical algorithm and developed a finite element model using ANSYS. When compared to traditional methods that only account for outrigger stiffness, our model, which incorporates both outrigger and floor stiffness, provides improved accuracy in calculating vertex displacement. It also suggests an upward shift in the optimal position for the outrigger and bolsters the overall building's lateral stiffness. To further our analysis, we introduced an equivalent stiffness calculation formula, using the Bayesian parameter estimation method. When applied to dynamic analysis, this formula aligns closely with the results from the finite element simulations. Furthermore, the suggested algorithm for determining the best position for the outrigger is consistent with theoretical calculations. By considering the contribution of regular floors to the overall structure, we found that the fitted equivalent core tube stiffness offers a reliable reflection of structural stiffness. Lastly, when this equivalent stiffness was applied to a dynamic analysis based on Rayleigh's energy method, there was a noticeable reduction in computational effort. This yields not only more efficient calculations but also precise results, rendering it particularly valuable during the initial design phases of high‐rise buildings.
Damage tracking and hysteresis‐based evaluation of seismic‐excited RC shear wall using monitoring data
Authors: Shan Jiazeng , Wang Luji , Loong Cheng Ning , Zhang Hanqing , Huang Peican 
Published: December 2023

SummaryReinforced concrete (RC) shear walls play an important role as the seismic resisting system in tall buildings. Yet, assessing the seismic damage of real‐world shear walls remains a challenging task. In this study, a damage index that relies on the vibration data measured by the sensors embedded in the structure is proposed to evaluate the damage condition of shear walls. The damage index is formed by the linear combination of two normalized terms, which, respectively, characterize the peak and the cumulative damages of the shear walls with little knowledge of real‐life structural hysteresis. The damage tracking and evaluation based on the substructure level and the story level are discussed. The damage indices evaluated using the hysteretic loops made by the shear and bending information of the shear wall are further compared. The feasibility of the proposed damage index is examined using a numerically simulated 12‐story coupled shear wall structure. It is then applied to analyze the experiments regarding the damage condition of RC shear walls under earthquakes. Results show that the proposed damage index can track the damage states of RC shear walls under seismic excitations. Analysis suggests that the proposed damage index could trace and distinguish the progression of shear and flexural damages, which potentially supports the post‐earthquake structural safety management.
Preoperative zinc status predicts the occurrence and healing time of pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Harimoto Norifumi , Igarashi Takamichi , Okuyama Takayuki , Hoshino Kouki , Hagiwara Kei , Kawai Shunsuke , Ishii Norihiro , Tsukagoshi Mariko , Araki Kenichiro , Shirabe Ken 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are few studies that examined the relationship between preoperative zinc (Zn) concentrations and postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after distal pancreatectomy (DP).MethodsData from 98 patients who underwent DP between January 2016 and April 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients' clinicopathological and surgical outcomes were analyzed, and we examined the relationship between Zn and clinically relevant POPF (CR‐POPF) after DP.ResultsIn this series, 41 (41.8%) patients had POPF and 31 (31.8%) patients had CR‐POPF. The cut‐off value for the preoperative Zn concentration was 74 μg/dL for POPF and CR‐POPF. Patients with low Zn concentrations were significantly related with high age, low albumin concentrations, higher CRP concentrations, higher NLR, lower PNI, higher rates of POPF and CR‐POPF, longer POPF healing time, longer hospital stay, and postoperative complications than patients with high Zn concentrations. The healing time of POPF after DP was significantly negatively correlated with serum Zn concentrations. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative lower Zn concentrations and a prolonged operation time were independent predictors of CR‐POPF and the healing time of POPF after DP. The POPF healing time in patients with high Zn was significantly shorter than that in patients with low Zn concentrations.ConclusionsThis retrospective study showed the association between the preoperative Zn concentrations and the occurrence of POPF and the healing time after DP. Zn is a simple biomarker for malnutrition, which may lead to POPF after DP.
The impact of bariatric surgery on admissions for gastrointestinal complications and conditions associated with obesity: A nationwide study
Authors: Patel Arsheya , Abu Dayyeh Barham K. , Balasubramanian Gokulakrishnan , Hinton Alice , Krishna Somashekar G. , Brethauer Stacy , Hussan Hisham 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundObesity worsens various gastrointestinal pathologies. While bariatric surgery ameliorates obesity, it substantially modifies the gastrointestinal system depending on surgery type, with limited data on subsequent impact on obesity‐related gastrointestinal admissions.MethodsUsing the 2012–2014 Nationwide Readmission Database, we included individuals with obesity who received vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB), or hernia repair (HR–control surgery). Our main focus was the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for gastrointestinal inpatient admissions within 6 months following surgery compared to the 6 months preceding it, while controlling for several confounding factors. Gastrointestinal admissions were grouped into postoperative complications or obesity‐associated gastrointestinal conditions.ResultsOur cohort included 140,103 adults with RYGB, 132,253 with VSG, and 12,436 HR controls. Postoperative gastrointestinal complications were most common after RYGB, prominently obstruction (aOR = 33.17, 95%CI: 18.01, 61.10), and Clostridium difficile infection (aOR: 12.52, 95%CI: 6.22, 25.19). VSG also saw significantly increased but less frequent similar conditions. Notably, for gastrointestinal conditions associated with obesity, acute pancreatitis risk was higher post‐VSG (aOR = 6.26, 95%CI: 4.02, 9.73). Post‐RYGB patients were most likely to be admitted for cholelithiasis with cholecystitis (aOR: 4.15, 95% CI: 3.24, 5.31), followed by chronic liver disease (aOR: 3.00, 95% CI: 2.33, 3.87). The risk of noninfectious colitis admissions was threefold higher after RYGB and VSG. No gastrointestinal conditions showed an increase after HR.ConclusionDespite weight loss, bariatric surgery was associated with an increased risk of hepato‐pancreatobiliary and colitis admissions related to obesity in the first six postoperative months, with considerable variations in rates of gastrointestinal conditions by surgery type.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis on outcomes of valvular heart surgery in Africa
Authors: Akintoye Oluwanifemi , Musa Abdulmalik , Gyau‐Ampong Clinton , Usamah Barakah , Olakanmi Damilare 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe prevalence of valvular heart diseases remain considerably high in Africa, largely but not solely due to rheumatic heart disease. Valvular heart surgeries have emerged as the cornerstone in their management. While several studies have reported data on outcomes following heart valve surgery in many developed countries, there is a staggering paucity of data and evidence reporting the outcomes in the Africa population. The aim of this study is to report the perioperative outcomes following valvular heart surgery in Africa.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis guideline was utilized. Electronic searches were performed using PubMed, African journal online, and Research gate from inception to June 2023. The primary endpoints were overall mortality and 30‐day mortality, and secondary endpoints included postoperative complications, length of hospital, and intensive care stays. The outcome data were pooled together and analyzed with the random effect model for proportions and mean for meta‐analysis using the R software.ResultsThis systematic review identified 31 studies that fulfilled the study eligibility criteria and all were observational studies. The countries in which these studies were carried out include South Africa, Ethiopia, Egypt, Mali, Rwanda, Nigeria, Cameroon, Ghana, Senegal, Tanzania, and Kenya. Statistical analysis reported a pooled overall mortality of 10.48% and a pooled 30‐day mortality of 4.59%.ConclusionSeveral obstacles, such as lack of financial resources and inadequate infrastructure, continue to impede valvular heart surgery practice in many parts of Africa. Future studies need to focus on identifying factors associated with this poor early mortality.
Einleitung
Authors: Weyrich Katharina 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Beratung in sozialrechtlichen Angelegenheiten ist kein neues Phänomen, sondern existiert solange wie es das Sozialrecht gibt. Mit der Novellierung des Rechtsberatungsrechts im Jahre 2008 ist sie erstmals auf eine rechtlich sichere Grundlage gestellt worden. Zugleich hat der Gesetzgeber mit der Reformierung anerkannt, dass die Beratung für das Funktionieren des Sozialsystems unverzichtbar ist. Diese These wird auch durch die Rechtsprechung gestärkt Umso verwunderlicher ist, dass es keine flächendeckenden statistischen Daten über das Beratungsaufkommen, den Beratungsumfang und die Inhalte sowie die beratenden Akteur:innen gibt.
APGW/AKH Precursor from Rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and the DNA Loss Model Explain Evolutionary Trends of the Neuropeptide LWamide, APGWamide, RPCH, AKH, ACP, CRZ, and GnRH Families
Authors: Cadena-Caballero Cristian E. , Munive-Argüelles Nestor , Vera-Cala Lina M. , Barrios-Hernandez Carlos , Duarte-Bernal Ruben O. , Ayus-Ortiz Viviana L. , Pardo-Díaz Luis A. , Agudelo-Rodríguez Mayra , Bautista-Rozo Lola X. , Jimenez-Gutierrez Laura R. , Martinez-Perez Francisco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the year 2002, DNA loss model (DNA-LM) postulated that neuropeptide genes to emerged through codons loss via the repair of damaged DNA from ancestral gene namely Neuropeptide Precursor Predictive (NPP), which organization correspond two or more neuropeptides precursors evolutive related. The DNA-LM was elaborated according to amino acids homology among LWamide, APGWamide, red pigment-concentrating hormone (RPCH), adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) and in silico APGW/RPCH NPPAPGW/AKH NPP were proposed. With the above principle, it was proposed the evolution of corazonin (CRZ), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), AKH, and AKH/CRZ (ACP), but any NPP never was considered. However, the evolutive relation via DNA-LM among these neuropeptides precursors not has been established yet. Therefore, the transcriptomes from crabs Callinectes toxotes and Callinectes arcuatus were used to characterized ACP and partial CRZ precursors, respectively. BLAST alignment with APGW/RPCH NPP and APGW/AKH NPP allow identified similar NPP in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and other invertebrates. Moreover, three bioinformatics algorithms and manual verification were used to purify 13,778 sequences, generating a database with 719 neuropeptide precursors. Phylogenetic trees with the DNA-LM parameters showed that some ACP, CRZ, AKH2 and two NPP share nodes with GnRH from vertebrates and some of this neuropeptide had nodes in invertebrates. Whereas the phylogenetic tree with standard parameters do not showed previous node pattern. Robinson-Foulds metric corroborates the differences among phylogenetic trees. Homology relationship showed four putative orthogroups; AKH4, CRZ, and protostomes GnRH had individual group. This is the first demonstration of NPP in species and would explain the evolution neuropeptide families by the DNA-LM.
Marine Citizen Science and the Conservation of Mediterranean Corals: The Relevance of Training, Expert Validation, and Robust Sampling Protocols
Authors: Figuerola-Ferrando Laura , Linares Cristina , Zentner Yanis , López-Sendino Paula , Garrabou Joaquim 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMarine Citizen Science (MCS) has emerged as a promising tool to enhance conservation efforts. Although the quality of volunteer data has been questioned, the design of specific protocols, effective training programs, and data validation by experts have enabled us to overcome these quality concerns, thus ensuring data reliability. Here, we validated the effectiveness of volunteer training in assessing the conservation status of Mediterranean coral species. We conducted a comparative analysis of data collected by volunteers with different levels of expertise, demonstrating improvements in data precision and accuracy with only one training session, thereby achieving values equivalent to those obtained by scientists. These outcomes align with the feedback received from volunteers through a qualitative survey. Finally, we analysed the data generated by volunteers and validated by experts using the developed protocol in the Coral Alert project from the Observadores del Mar MCS initiative. Our findings highlight the importance of proper training, expert validation, robust sampling protocols, and a well-structured platform to ensure the success of long-term MCS projects. Overall, our results stress the key role MCS plays in enhancing the conservation and management strategies designed to mitigate the ongoing environmental crisis.