bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrodeposited polyaniline based carbon nanotubes fiber as efficient counter electrode in wire-shaped dye sensitized solar cells
Authors: Hendi Awatif A , Awad Manal A , Ortashi Khalid M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Electrodeposited polyaniline over the carbon nanotubes fiber (CNTF) has been investigated as potential candidate to substitutes the Pt based auxiliary electrodes in unidimensional fibrous solar cells. CNTF, with excellent electrical and mechanical properties, modified with conducting polymer (polyaniline) via facile electrodeposition process which employed as cathodic materials showed efficient electrochemical reduction of triiodide ions in the fiber shaped dye-sensitized solar cells. Scanning electron microscopic analysis showed the efficacious integration of conducting polymer over the CNTF surface. The admirable electrocatalytic behavior of the fabricated electrode has investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Current density and voltage (J–V) curves are used to quantify the photovoltaic performance of devices with different counter electrodes with fixed photoanode. With lower peak to peak separation, improved current density and better fill factor, exhibited the superior efficiency of modified electrode (PANI@CNTF). As compared to pristine fiber, polyaniline modification showed the outstanding performance with improved photovoltaics and electrochemical parameters measured by the J–V and CV curves, respectively.
Perturbation theory for nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Sacchetti Andrea 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Treating the nonlinear term of the Gross–Pitaevskii nonlinear Schrödinger equation as a perturbation of an isolated discrete eigenvalue of the linear problem one obtains a Rayleigh–Schrödinger power series. This power series is proved to be convergent when the parameter representing the intensity of the nonlinear term is less in absolute value than a threshold value, and it gives a stationary solution to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
Homogenization of the Navier–Stokes equations in perforated domains in the inviscid limit
Authors: Höfer Richard M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the solution u

ɛ
to the Navier–Stokes equations in

R

3

perforated by small particles centered at

(
ε

Z

)
3

with no-slip boundary conditions at the particles. We study the behavior of u

ɛ
for small ɛ, depending on the diameter ɛ

α
, α > 1, of the particles and the viscosity ɛ

γ
, γ > 0, of the fluid. We prove quantitative convergence results for u

ɛ
in all regimes when the local Reynolds number at the particles is negligible. Then, the particles approximately exert a linear friction force on the fluid. The obtained effective macroscopic equations depend on the order of magnitude of the collective friction. We obtain (a) the Euler–Brinkman equations in the critical regime, (b) the Euler equations in the subcritical regime and (c) Darcy’s law in the supercritical regime.
Coarse-to-fine prior-guided attention network for multi-structure segmentation on dental panoramic radiographs
Authors: Tian Yuan , Zhang Zhejia , Zhao Bailiang , Liu Lichao , Liu Xiaolin , Feng Yang , Tian Jie , Kou Dazhi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Accurate segmentation of various anatomical structures from dental panoramic radiographs is essential for the diagnosis and treatment planning of various diseases in digital dentistry. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning-based method for accurate and fully automatic segmentation of the maxillary sinus, mandibular condyle, mandibular nerve, alveolar bone and teeth on panoramic radiographs. Approach. A two-stage coarse-to-fine prior-guided segmentation framework is proposed to segment multiple structures on dental panoramic radiographs. In the coarse stage, a multi-label segmentation network is used to generate the coarse segmentation mask, and in the fine-tuning stage, a prior-guided attention network with an encoder-decoder architecture is proposed to precisely predict the mask of each anatomical structure. First, a prior-guided edge fusion module is incorporated into the network at the input of each convolution level of the encode path to generate edge-enhanced image feature maps. Second, a prior-guided spatial attention module is proposed to guide the network to extract relevant spatial features from foreground regions based on the combination of the prior information and the spatial attention mechanism. Finally, a prior-guided hybrid attention module is integrated at the bottleneck of the network to explore global context from both spatial and category perspectives. Main results. We evaluated the segmentation performance of our method on a testing dataset that contains 150 panoramic radiographs collected from real-world clinical scenarios. The segmentation results indicate that our proposed method achieves more accurate segmentation performance compared with state-of-the-art methods. The average Jaccard scores are 87.91%, 85.25%, 63.94%, 93.46% and 88.96% for the maxillary sinus, mandibular condyle, mandibular nerve, alveolar bone and teeth, respectively. Significance. The proposed method was able to accurately segment multiple structures on panoramic radiographs. This method has the potential to be part of the process of automatic pathology diagnosis from dental panoramic radiographs.
Delivery time reduction for mixed photon-electron radiotherapy by using photon MLC collimated electron arcs
Authors: Guyer Gian , Mueller Silvan , Mackeprang Paul-Henry , Frei Daniel , Volken Werner , Aebersold Daniel M , Loessl Kristina , Manser Peter , Fix Michael K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Electron arcs in mixed-beam radiotherapy (Arc-MBRT) consisting of intensity-modulated electron arcs with dynamic gantry rotation potentially reduce the delivery time compared to mixed-beam radiotherapy containing electron beams with static gantry angle (Static-MBRT). This study aims to develop and investigate a treatment planning process (TPP) for photon multileaf collimator (pMLC) based Arc-MBRT. Approach. An existing TPP for Static-MBRT plans is extended to integrate electron arcs with a dynamic gantry rotation and intensity modulation using a sliding window technique. The TPP consists of a manual setup of electron arcs, and either static photon beams or photon arcs, shortening of the source-to-surface distance for the electron arcs, initial intensity modulation optimization, selection of a user-defined number of electron beam energies based on dose contribution to the target volume and finally, simultaneous photon and electron intensity modulation optimization followed by full Monte Carlo dose calculation. Arc-MBRT plans, Static-MBRT plans, and photon-only plans were created and compared for four breast cases. Dosimetric validation of two Arc-MBRT plans was performed using film measurements. Main results. The generated Arc-MBRT plans are dosimetrically similar to the Static-MBRT plans while outperforming the photon-only plans. The mean heart dose is reduced by 32% on average in the MBRT plans compared to the photon-only plans. The estimated delivery times of the Arc-MBRT plans are similar to the photon-only plans but less than half the time of the Static-MBRT plans. Measured and calculated dose distributions agree with a gamma passing rate of over 98% (3% global, 2 mm) for both delivered Arc-MBRT plans. Significance. A TPP for Arc-MBRT is successfully developed and Arc-MBRT plans showed the potential to improve the dosimetric plan quality similar as Static-MBRT while maintaining short delivery times of photon-only treatments. This further facilitates integration of pMLC-based MBRT into clinical practice.
Investigation of structural, electro-magnetic and optical properties of cubic SmXO3 (X=Fe, Mn, Cr) perovskites
Authors: Butt Mehwish Khalid , Yaseen Muhammad , Aldaghfag Shatha A , Murtaza Adil , Saleem Sanam , Nasarullah  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Herein, density functional theory is employed for the computation of structural, electro-magnetic and optical properties of the cubic SmXO3 (X=Fe, Mn, Cr) compounds. Enthalpy of formation (H
f
) and tolerance factor (τ) were calculated to check the stability of SmXO3 in the cubic structure. The spin polarized electronic band structure (BS) and density of states (DOS) demonstrate the metallic character of SmFeO3 and half metallic ferromagnetic nature of SmMnO3/SmCrO3 compounds, where Sm-5f, Fe/Mn-3d and O-2p play a dominant role. Both materials are found to have magnetic nature and suggested for possible data storage applications. The calculated total magnetic moments for SmFeO3, SmMnO3 and SmCrO3 are 8.85765, 8.99990 and 8.00002 μ
B, respectively. Optical properties are computed by computing the optical parameters like dielectric function ε(ω), optical conductivity σ(ω), reflectivity R(ω), refractive index n(ω), extinction coefficient k(ω) and absorption coefficient α(ω). The α (ω) spectrum reveals prominent peaks situated within distinct energy intervals: 7.9 to 9.02 eV for SmCrO3, 7.4 to 8.7 eV for SmFeO3, and 7.4 to 8.4 eV for SmMnO3 compounds. This noteworthy observation points to the promising utility of these compounds in of ultraviolet range of optical devices and spintronic deices.
Ditch incorporated organic thin film transistor based organic all-p inverter: a novel approach
Authors: Gupta Sakshi , Mittal Poornima , Juneja Pradeep 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the static and dynamic characteristics of all-p organic inverter employing a bottom gate bottom contact organic thin film transistor with a ditch incorporated into the OSC and additional p+ doping done to its S/D nearing area. Various configurations of OTFT have been experimented with and it is found that as compared to an OTFT without extra p+ doping, the devices having additional doping show better responses. Where, for SG OTFT, ID is derived to be 18 μs, yet the one with extra doping illustrates a swooping 16.67% increased output current of 21 μs. To enhance the performance of the device further, a ditch of 30 nm, embedded 10 nm into the OSC is incorporated, further augmenting the performance of the device by 55.5% as compared to the conventional BGBC. Besides, the proposed inverter presents a considerably elevated performance in terms of robustness and low and high noise margins. This paper further compares the inverter using Diode Load Logic and Zero Vgs Load Logic topologies, wherein it was found that DLL shows an exceptional 211% less propagation delay τ
p of 27 μs, as compared to 84 μs delay experienced by ZVLL. But comparing the two topologies in terms of the static response, ZVLL are way better and preferred over the counterparts since ZVLL configuration displays 20.5% augmented Noise Margin, improved gain, and overall robustness. Owing to the performance parameters achieved, such organic inverters may be incorporated into integrated circuits rendering trustworthiness to digital operations in electronic circuits and numerous cascading applications. Since the organic inverters made using the proposed OTFT exhibit a decent gain hence have an apparent prospective of driving myriad-stage logic like ring oscillators and memory blocks. Moreover, these may be employed in the areas of biosensors and wearable electronics as well wherever.
Reduced band gap in 2D-C3N4 nanosheets decorated with silver and gold adatoms
Authors: Moaddeli Mohammad , Badehian Hojat Allah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have attracted significant attention due to their unique electronic properties. In this study, we investigate the effect of silver and gold adatoms on the band gap of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets (2D-C3N4) using density functional theory. We examine several decorations with one-sided and two-sided combinations and find that the adsorption of gold and silver adatoms reduces the band gap of 2D-C3N4, which is consistent with experimental findings. Furthermore, we observe that all one-sided configurations are buckled. Our study provides insights into the electronic properties of 2D-C3N4 nanosheets and their potential applications in optoelectronics.
Electron acceleration by low order axisymmetric modes of Hermite-Cosh-Gaussian laser pulses in vacuum
Authors: Ghotra Harjit Singh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hermite-Cosh-Gaussian (H-ch-G) laser pulse is proposed for effective electron acceleration and energy gain by exploring its low order axisymmetric modes in vacuum. The intensity distribution of H-ch-G laser is influenced by the TEM(m, n) modes ordered Hermite polynomial, decentered parameter (b) controlled Cosh function and Gaussian beam function. The increase in decentered parameter b associated with Cosh function, changes its properties from fundamental Gaussian(b = 0) to more complex Gaussian types with ring-shaped (b ∼ 2) forms. As a result, it operates well enough to quickly accelerate electrons to exceedingly high energies in a short period of time. The laser pulse order TEM00, TEM01 or TEM10 are the low order axisymmetric modes of H-ch-G laser beam. The analytic results show that altering the mode indices (m, n) and decentered parameter (b) combination leads to a remarkable rise in electron energy with laser intensity (∼

10

21

W

cm

−
2

) to the order of GeV in vacuum.
Anomaly induced cooling of neutron stars: a Standard Model contribution
Authors: Chakraborty Sabyasachi , Gupta Aritra , Vanvlasselaer Miguel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Young neutron stars cool via the emission of neutrinos from their core. A precise understanding of all the different processes producing neutrinos in the hot and degenerate matter is essential for assessing the cooling rate of such stars. The main Standard Model processes contributing to this effect are ν bremsstrahlung, mURCA among others. In this paper, we investigate another Standard Model process initiated by the Wess-Zumino-Witten term, leading to the emission of neutrino pairs via Nγ → Nνν̅. We find that for proto-neutron stars, such processes with degenerate neutrons can be comparable and even dominate over the typical and well-known cooling mechanisms.
Induced gravitational waves from ultra slow-roll inflation and pulsar timing arrays observations
Authors: Firouzjahi Hassan , Talebian Alireza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) detected recently by the pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) observations may have cosmological origins. In this work we consider a model of single field inflation containing an intermediate phase of ultra slow-roll. Fixing the amplitude of the peak of curvature perturbations by the PBHs bounds we calculate the gravitational waves (GWs) induced from the curvature perturbations enhanced during USR. The spectrum of the induced GWs depends on the sharpness of the transition from the USR phase to the final attractor phase as well as to the duration of the USR period. While the model can accommodate the current PTAs data but it has non-trivial predictions for the induced GWs on higher frequency ranges which can be tested by future observations.
Fitting Optical Light Curves of Tidal Disruption Events with TiDE
Authors: Kovács-Stermeczky Zsófia V. , Vinkó József 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A Tidal Disruption Event (TDE) occurs when a supermassive black hole tidally disrupts a nearby passing star. The fallback accretion rate of the disrupted star may exceed the Eddington limit, which induces a supersonic outflow and a burst of luminosity, similar to an explosive event. Thus, TDEs can be detected as very luminous transients, and the number of observations for such events is increasing rapidly. In this paper we fit 20 TDE light curves with TiDE, a new public, object-oriented code designed to model optical TDE light curves. We compare our results with those obtained by the popular MOSFiT and the recently developed TDEmass codes, and discuss the possible sources of differences.
Effectiveness evaluation of complex air combat system based on capability-service model
Authors: Dou Xiangmin , Tang Guojian , Wang Han , Yang Aiwu , Hou Yueqi , Liang Xiaolong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The core feature of a complex air combat system is manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T). It will be the basic air combat formation of the future Air Force. The effectiveness evaluation of a complex air combat system is a challenging task. It will profoundly affect the future direction of air combat systems. Firstly, this paper describes the concept, components, and winning mechanism of complex air combat. Secondly, drawing on the ideas of mosaic warfare effectiveness evaluation, building an agent-based capability-service effectiveness evaluation model, solving the model by heuristic rules. We define an effectiveness evaluation metric to measure the effectiveness of a complex air combat system from different perspectives. Finally, simulation results under different scenarios show that the platforms’ orchestration relationship is essential in developing a complex air combat system.
Heuristic dynamic path planning algorithm based on SALSTM-DDPG
Authors: Chong Wang , Yi Chen , Shu-feng Wang , Chaohai Kang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the field of path planning, there are many excellent traditional algorithms proposed by scholars, but usually these traditional methods based on static environment, these methods lack the ability to deal with dynamic variable environment. A heuristic reinforcement learning dynamic environment path planning algorithm (SALSTM-DDPG) combining self-attention and long short-term memory network(LSTM) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, an automatic encoder is constructed to reduce the feature dimension of the local cost map, which reduces the complexity of the overall model. Then the local cost map and global path after dimensionality reduction are taken as input, the original source of information is guaranteed to the maximum extent possible by this method, at the same time, the global optimal path is used to guide the local path planning. Finally, the deep reinforcement learning algorithm DDPG is used for specific motion control, the Actor part is built using a network based on the SALSTM algorithm. This approach allows previous sequence to be used as a reference when an Actor makes decisions, this enables dynamic obstacles to be predictably avoided by the robot. The feasibility and efficiency of the proposed algorithm are proved by experiments.
A UAV-based compressive algorithm for minimizing the energy consumption of large-scale WSNs
Authors: Lv Cuicui , Yang Linchuang , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Peijin , Du Zhenbin , Li Xiangming , Wang Peng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In large-scale environmental monitoring, massive sensor nodes regularly collect data and transmit them over long distances, which burdens the network and leads to the increased energy consumption. To deal with this problem, we develop an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based compressive algorithm. In this algorithm, the network clustering technologies and Compressive Sensing are exploited to decrease the amount of data throughout the network. Monte Carlo method is used to group sensor nodes into clusters. The UAV is dispatched as a mobile agent to collect data from the cluster heads. Compared with the benchmark algorithms, the simulations demonstrate that the algorithm proposed in this paper can decrease the network’s energy consumption and obtain better environmental monitoring results.
Gamma spectrometer calibration of liquid standard sources of Mix 133Ba, 137Cs and 60Co toward the measurement of 99Mo breakthrough of 99Mo/99mTc generator
Authors: Febriana S , Mirda I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The expression radionuclide in nuclear medicine is preferred than radioisotope which widely used in physics. Radionuclides have been used regularly in nuclear medicine. Their radiation provide information about the staging of a person’s specific organs and to specify what is triggering the symptoms, injury or disease to treat diseased organs or cancerous tumours in a patient called theranostic. Technetium-99m radionuclide is the most frequently used radionuclide in nuclear medicine. The quality control of technetium-99m (99m Tc) product from 99Mo/99mTc generator is crucial. One that have been highlighted in this paper is the radionuclide molybdenum-99 (99Mo) breaktrough which can be effectively measured using caliberated gamma spectrometer. The stability test of the gamma spectrometer detector is done using control chart and chi square method from 137Cs radionuclide measurement. The calibration process of liquid standard sources of mix 133Ba, 137Cs and 60Co including energy and efficiency calibration, are performed with the same geometry as Mo99 breakthrough measurement in a lead shield canister with 2.5; 4.5 and 8.5 cm distance from the HPGe detector. The result from the calibration of liquid standard sources of mix 133Ba, 137Cs and 60Co showed the required polynomial equations needed to calculate the 99Mo breakthrough of 99mTc eluted product from the 99Mo/99mTc generator.
Experimental study of thermoelectric cooling system for a parked car with solar energy
Authors: Sukarno R , Premono A , Gunawan Y , Wiyono A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Vehicles parked under the direct sun cause an increase in the cabin temperature drastically. The extreme increase in vehicles cabin temperature will increase air conditioning (AC) energy and fuel consumption, can damage interior equipment, and increases the health risk to passengers in the car. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the thermoelectric as a cooling system for a parked car integrated with solar energy. The solar panel on the car roof generates electricity as a cooling system energy source. The cooling system consists of 4 thermoelectric coolers equipped with heatsinks and axial fans on the hot and cold side of thermoelectric. The test was conducted on passenger cars during the day for 4 hours of parking. The result shows that the cabin car temperature decrease by 6,1°C or 13% compared to without cooling, which will increase passenger comfort and reduce energy consumption.
The challenges of implementing project-based learning in Physics
Authors: Tain M , Nassiri S H , Meganingtyas D E W , Sanjaya L A , Bunyamin M A H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to identify the challenges in implementing project-based learning (PBL) in physics among physics teachers in Johor, Malaysia. The qualitative research methods were employed using the case study design. The data were analysed using ATLAS.ti application and were carried out for five teachers. The key result indicates the five main challenges of implementing PBL that the teachers faced, which are management commitment, sources, students’ readiness, students’ time, and teachers’ time. Based on the analysis of data with ATLAS.ti, how the challenges are connected to one another based on the quotes that each teacher wrote represent. PBL has numerous benefits for both teachers and students, but it also provide challenges that they had to deal with. The challenges identified will help other physics teachers if they are to implement PBL in their lessons, especially in making PBL successful. For further recommendation, other aspects of project-based learning, especially the concepts of PBL among physics teachers, may be studied. Method