bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equity of health resource allocation in Chongqing, China, in 2021: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wei Hao , Jiang Ke , Zhao Yong , Pu Chuan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundChongqing, the most populous city in Southwest China. This study aims to examine the equity of health resource allocation in Chongqing using the latest statistics, analyse possible shortcomings and propose strategies to address these issues.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used healthcare resource, population, area and gross domestic product data from the Seventh National Census Bulletin of Chongqing, the National County Statistical Yearbook, the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and the Chongqing Health Statistical Yearbook 2022. We also studied the equity of health resource allocation in Chongqing by using the Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve and Theil index, and used the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (AHP–TOPSIS) method to comprehensively evaluate the health resources in the four major regions of Chongqing.ResultsThe Gini coefficient of health resources in Chongqing in 2021 was the highest when allocated according to geographical area, between 0.4285 and 0.6081, both of which exceeded 0.4, and the Gini coefficient of medical equipment was the highest and exceeded 0.6. The inter-regional Theil index of each resource was greater than the intraregional Theil index, and the contribution of inter-regional differences ranged from 64.83% to 80.21%. The results of the AHP–TOPSIS method showed that the relative proximity between health resources and ideal solutions in four regions of Chongqing ranged from 0.0753 to 0.9277.ConclusionThe allocation of health resources in Chongqing exhibits pronounced inequities, particularly in the distribution of medical equipment according to geographical area. Moreover, there exists a substantial gap in the equity of health resource allocation among the four regions of Chongqing. As such, this study emphasises the need for Chongqing, China, to prioritise the equitable allocation of health resources and increase consideration of geographic factors. Implementing measures to promote equitable allocation of health resources, particularly in geographic terms, is critical.
Cross-sectional study investigating the relationship between pit recovery time and serum albumin levels in bilateral lower extremity pitting oedema
Authors: Ono Ryosuke , Horibata Ken 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesIn this study, we re-evaluated the relationship between pit recovery time (PRT) and serum albumin levels and elucidated the factors influencing PRT.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingPatients who visited the outpatient department or were admitted to a small urban hospital in Japan.Participants135 adult Japanese patients with bilateral lower extremity pitting oedema.InterventionsPrimary and secondary outcome measures: this study assessed the correlation between PRT and serum albumin levels, calculated the predictive accuracy for identifying a group with low albumin levels when the PRT of the lower leg was <40 s, and identified variables that influence PRT.ResultsWe found no significant correlation between lower leg PRT and serum albumin levels. Furthermore, a PRT of <40 s was largely ineffective in predicting low albumin levels. Factors influencing PRT included the diagnosis of malnutrition oedema, examinations conducted during hospitalisation, diagnosis of cardiac oedema, use of diuretics, thickness of the lower limb soft tissue, serum creatinine level, estimated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), age, serum albumin level, potassium level and blood urea nitrogen to serum creatinine ratio. Notable correlations with PRT were observed in relation to lower limb soft tissue thickness, age and estimated RVSP.ConclusionsGiven that the PRT is influenced by multiple factors, its correlation with serum albumin levels is weak. Thus, predicting hypoalbuminaemia based solely on PRT is inaccurate.
Evaluation of the willingness to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with automated external defibrillator (AED) among Hong Kong Chinese using the theory of planned behaviour framework: an online cross-sectional survey
Authors: Tam Victor C W , Kwok Anthony Wai Leung 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionBystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation by an automated external defibrillator (AED) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) events were low in Hong Kong (HK). This study evaluated the willingness and associated factors of performing CPR with AED in HK using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB).MethodsA total of 1449 responses from HK Chinese aged 15–64 years were collected in a cross-sectional online survey using convenience sampling on social media including Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp. Three TPB determinants, namely attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control; and perceived barriers were asked using 5-point Likert scales. Associations between each predictor and willingness to perform CPR with AED were evaluated using univariate ordinal regressions. Predictive models were constructed using hierarchical multiple ordinal regressions (MOR) to explore associated predictors and the adjusted OR (ORadj).ResultsThere were 44.8% and 47.8% of respondents who were willing to perform CPR and use AED, respectively. Young adults aged 18–25 years demonstrated the lowest willingness to perform CPR (ORadj=0.63, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.94, p=0.023). Knowledge level was not associated with either CPR or AED willingness, thus was eliminated in backward selection in the MOR. Attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control were all positively associated with both willingness (all ORadj>1.5, p<0.001), while perceived barriers were associated with CPR willingness only (ORadj=0.77, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.91, p=0.002).ConclusionsUtilisation of the TPB framework in CPR and AED community education would fill the ‘know-do’ gap and enhance the community’s willingness to perform CPR and use an AED.
Can acutely ill patients predict their outcomes? A scoping review
Authors: Mols Elisabeth Margaretha , Haak Harm , Holland Mark , Schouten Bo , Ibsen Stine , Merten Hanneke , Christensen Erika Frischknecht , Nanayakkara Prabath W B , Nickel Christian Hans , Weichert Immo , Kellett John , Subbe Christian Peter , Kremers Marjolein N T 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe full impact of an acute illness on subsequent health is seldom explicitly discussed with patients. Patients’ estimates of their likely prognosis have been explored in chronic care settings and can contribute to the improvement of clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. This scoping review aimed to identify studies of acutely ill patients’ estimates of their outcomes and potential benefits for their care.MethodsA search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using terms related to prognostication and acute care. After removal of duplicates, all articles were assessed for relevance by six investigator pairs; disagreements were resolved by a third investigator. Risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.ResultsOur search identified 3265 articles, of which 10 were included. The methods of assessing self-prognostication were very heterogeneous. Patients seem to be able to predict their need for hospital admission in certain settings, but not their length of stay. The severity of their symptoms and the burden of their disease are often overestimated or underestimated by patients. Patients with severe health conditions and their relatives tend to be overoptimistic about the likely outcome.ConclusionThe understanding of acutely ill patients of their likely outcomes and benefits of treatment has not been adequately studied and is a major knowledge gap. Limited published literature suggests patients may be able to predict their need for hospital admission. Illness perception may influence help-seeking behaviour, speed of recovery and subsequent quality of life. Knowledge of patients’ self-prognosis may enhance communication between patients and their physicians, which improves patient-centred care.
Adults’ exposure to adverse childhood experiences in the United States nationwide and in each state: modeled estimates from 2019-2020
Authors: Aslam Maria V , Peterson Cora , Swedo Elizabeth , Niolon Phyllis H , Bacon Sarah , Florence Curtis 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAlthough preventable, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can result in lifelong health harms. Current surveillance data on adults’ exposure to ACEs are either unavailable or incomplete for many U.S. states.MethodsCurrent estimates of the proportion of U.S. adults with past ACEs exposures were obtained by analysing individual-level data from 2019 to 2020 Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System―annual nationally representative survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged 18+years. Standardised questions measuring ACEs exposures (presence of household member with mental illness, substance abuse, or incarceration; parental separation; witnessing intimate partner violence; experiencing physical, emotional, or sexual abuse during childhood) were categorised into 0, 1, 2–3, or 4+ACEs and reported by sociodemographic group in each state. Missing ACEs responses (state did not offer ACEs questions or offered to only some respondents; respondent skipped questions) were modelled through multilevel mixed-effects logistic (MMEL) and jackknifed MMEL regressions.ResultsIn 2019–2020, an estimated 62.8% of U.S. adults had past exposure to 1+ACEs (range: 54.9% in Connecticut; 72.5% in Maine), including 22.4% of adults who were exposed to 4+ACEs (range: 11.9% in Connecticut; 32.8% in Nevada). At the national and state levels, exposure to 4+ACEs was highest among adults aged 18–34 years, those who did not graduate from high school, or adults who did not have a healthcare provider. Racial/ethnic distribution of adults exposed to 4+ACEs varied by age and state.ConclusionsACEs are common but not equally distributed. ACEs exposures estimated by state and sociodemographic group can help decisionmakers focus public health interventions on populations disproportionately impacted in their area.
Inhibition of the glutamatergic PVT-NAc projections attenuates local anesthetic-induced neurotoxic behaviors
Authors: Zou Yu , He Xin , Ye Zhiwen , Li Zhengyiqi , Guo Qulian , Zou Wangyuan , Peng Qianyi 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionLocal anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity contributes to perioperative nerve damage; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of the paraventricular thalamus (PVT)-nucleus accumbens (NAc) projections in neurotoxicity induced by ropivacaine, a local anesthetic agent.MethodsRopivacaine (58 mg/kg, intraperitoneal administration) was used to construct the local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) mice model. We first identified neural projections from the PVT to the NAc through the expression of a retrograde tracer and virus. The inhibitory viruses (rAAV-EF1α-DIO-hm4D(Gi)-mCherry-WPREs: AAV2/retro and rAAV-CaMKII-CRE-WPRE-hGh: AAV2/9) were injected into the mice model to assess the effects of the specific inhibition of the PVT-NAc pathway on neurological behaviors in the presence of clozapine-N-oxide. The inhibition of the PVT-NAc pathway was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining of c-Fos-positive neurons and Ca2+signals in CaMKIIa neurons.ResultsWe successfully identified a circuit connecting the PVT and NAc in C57BL/6 mice. Ropivacaine administration induced the activation of the PVT-NAc pathway and seizures. Specific inhibition of NAc-projecting CaMKII neurons in the PVT was sufficient to inhibit the neuronal activity in the NAc, which subsequently decreased ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity.ConclusionThese results reveal the presence of a dedicated PVT-NAc circuit that regulates local anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity and provide a potential mechanistic explanation for the treatment and prevention of LAST.
Thermal tolerance and habitat preferences mediate how freshwater fish body sizes respond to warming
Authors: Warne Connor P. K. , Guzzo Matthew M. , Cazelles Kevin , Chu Cindy , Rooney Neil , McCann Kevin S. 
Published: January 2024

Recent studies have linked ecosystem warming to decreased mean body size in aquatic ectotherms but have often relied on experimental approaches. This study explores how climate change modifies adult body sizes in natural communities for five culturally, commercially, and recreationally important freshwater fish species that vary in thermal preferences (lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush), lake whitefish ( Coregonus clupeaformis), walleye ( Sander vitreus), yellow perch ( Perca flavescens), and smallmouth bass ( Micropterus dolomieu)). Using data for >170 000 sampling records from >600 lakes spanning the entire province of Ontario, Canada, we employ a spatial analysis technique based on Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation to detect body size changes due to warming lake conditions. With warming conditions, cold-adapted species (lake whitefish) decreased in adult body size, while cool- and warm-adapted species (walleye and smallmouth bass) increased in adult body size. Our study, like others recently conducted in marine and freshwater systems, demonstrates that the responses of fish body sizes to warming are not a unidirectional shift and may be linked to the habitat and thermal preferences of individual fish species.
On perturbative aspects of a nonminimal Lorentz-violating QED with CPT-even dimension-5 terms
Authors: Mariz T. , Melo M. , Nascimento J. R. , Petrov A. Yu. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we explicitly calculate the lower CPT-even one-loop quantum corrections in nonminimal Lorentz-violating spinor QED with all possible CPT-even dimension-5 operators. Within our calculations, we restrict ourselves to the cases when these parameters are completely expressed in terms of one constant vector.
On covariant perturbations with scalar field in modified Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Authors: Munyeshyaka Albert , Ntahompagaze Joseph , Mutabazi Tom , Mbonye Manasse 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe investigate cosmological perturbations of f(G) gravity in the presence of a scalar field. Using the $$1+3$$

1
+
3

covariant formalism, we present the energy overdensity perturbation equations responsible for large scale structure formation. After applying harmonic decomposition method together with the redshift transformation technique, we obtain the fully perturbed equations in redshift space. The equations are solved to study the growth of matter overdensities contrast with redshift. For both short- and long-wavelength modes, we obtain numerical results for particular functional form f(G) models and scalar field. We find that, for this choice the energy overdensity perturbations decay with increase in redshift. However, for both short- and long-wavelength modes, the perturbations which include amplitude effects due to the f(G) models with a scalar field do differ remarkably from those in $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM. The results reduce to GR results in the limit of $$f(G)\rightarrow G$$

f
(
G
)
→
G

and in the absence of scalar field.
Sensitivities on the anomalous quartic $$\gamma \gamma \gamma \gamma $$ and $$\gamma \gamma \gamma Z$$ couplings at the CLIC
Authors: Gurkanli E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is essential to directly investigate the self-couplings of gauge bosons in the Standard Model (SM) due to its non-Abelian nature, as these couplings play a significant role in comprehending the gauge structure of the model. The discrepancies between the Standard Model’s expectations and the measured value of gauge boson self-couplings serve as strong evidence for new physics phenomena extending beyond the Standard Model. Such deviations provide valuable insights into the nature of new physics and potentially lead to a deeper understanding of fundamental particles and their interactions. This study examines the sensitivities of anomalous couplings associated with dimension-8 operators that affect the $$\gamma \gamma \gamma \gamma $$

γ
γ
γ
γ

and $$Z\gamma \gamma \gamma $$

Z
γ
γ
γ

quartic vertices. The study focuses on the process $$e^{-}\gamma \rightarrow e^{-}\gamma \gamma $$

e
-

γ
→

e
-

γ
γ

with the incoming photon under Weizsäcker-Williams approximation at the stage-3 scenario of Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) that refers to a CoM energy of 3 TeV. Due to the CLIC options, we take into account both unpolarized and $${\mp }80\%$$

∓
80
%

polarized electron beam with the related integrated luminosities of $${\mathcal {L}}=5, 4, 1$$

L
=
5
,
4
,
1

$${\textrm{ab}}^{-1}$$

ab

-
1

under the systematic uncertainties of $$\delta _{sys}=0, 3, 5$$

δ

sys

=
0
,
3
,
5

. Obtained sensitivities on the anomalous quartic gauge couplings (aQGCs) for the process $$e^{-}\gamma \rightarrow e^{-}\gamma \gamma $$

e
-

γ
→

e
-

γ
γ

at $${\sqrt{s}}= 3$$

s

=
3

TeV and various polarizations are improved by a factor of 2–200 times better for the couplings $$f_{T,j}/\Lambda ^{4}$$

f

T
,
j

/

Λ
4

compared with the experimental results reported by CMS Collaboration in Tumasyan et al. (JHEP 10:174, 2021).
Effect of Adenine Sulphate on In Vitro Micropropagation of Acacia holosericea A. Cunn. ex G. Don Leaflets and Leaf Rachis Explants
Authors: Anita Narang  , Shukla Anupama , Kaur Surinder 
Published: January 2024

In this study, different explant types (leaflets and leaf rachis) excised from 15-day-old seedlings of Acacia holosericea A. Cunn ex G. Don differentiated into multiple shoots when grown on B5 medium supplemented with various growth regulators. Results revealed that the shoots differentiated directly and indirectly in all the cytokinins [Benzyl adenine (BA); Kinetin (Kn), 2-isopentenyl adenine (2iP); Zeatin (ZN)] adjuvanted media. The ZN-supplemented B5 medium supported maximum multiple-shoot differentiation (3.2 ± 0.8 shoots per explant). However, with the adjuvant (AdS) present in the same ZN-supplemented B5 medium, the explants produced a higher number of shoots (7.0 ± 3.8 per explant). Likewise, the best leaflet regeneration medium was observed for B5 medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/L ZN and 200 mg/L of AdS. The B5 medium with the lower amount of ZN (1.5 mg/L) and 50 mg/L of AdS produced a maximum number of shoots (6.3 ± 3.8 shoots per explant) in the leaf rachis explants. Nearly 100% of the in vitro B5 basal medium-grown shoots developed roots directly at their base, consequently leading to their successful transfer to the soil.
New Report of Endophytic Sordariomycetes from the Seagrasses of Cebu, Central Philippines
Authors: Kinamot Venus Bantoto , Monotilla Alvin 
Published: January 2024

Sordariomycete is one of the dominant components of the endophytic community in seagrasses. However, there are still many species under this group that still need to be described. Among the tropical seagrasses, the Philippines had the least number of endophytic Sordariomycete reported. This study reports the isolation of endophytic Sordariomycete from Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea serrulata, and Thalassia hemprichii. Seagrass samples were collected from the coastal areas of Hilutungan Channel, Cebu, Central Philippines using a sterilized razor. Explants from seagrass samples were surface-sterilized, inoculated in culture plates, and incubated for 14 days at 27±2°C. Fungi that grew from the edge of explants were purified and identified through morphological and molecular methods using ITS sequences. Molecular phylogeny was inferred by neighbor-joining with 1000 bootstrap replications. Three species of Sordariomycete were identified in this study. Fungal isolates from the rhizomes and roots of Cymodocea serrulata had 99.84% nucleotide similarity with Eutypella sp. Isolates from the rhizomes and roots of Enhalus acoroides had a 100% match identity with Beauveria bassiana. While the isolate from the leaf of Thalassia hemprichii had a 99% nucleotide affinity to Xylaria apoda. These isolates formed a well-supported clade with their closest match taxa at 100% bootstrap support. The estimate of evolutionary divergence between the isolates’ sequences and their reference taxa was 0.0, suggesting no nucleotide base substitutions per site. The identification of seagrass isolates as Eutypella sp., Beauveria bassiana, and Xylaria apoda is hereby supported. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that endophytic fungi from the Philippine seagrass did not cluster with any fungal species previously reported from the Philippines, suggesting different species. To our knowledge, Eutypella sp., Beauveria bassiana, and Xylaria apoda were the first reports of endophytic Sordariomycete in Philippine seagrasses. The isolation of these endophytes is promising because these genera are a rich source of novel compounds and biocontrol agents.
Piezo1-Mediated Neurogenic Inflammatory Cascade Exacerbates Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sun Meiyan , Mao Sui , Wu Chao , Zhao Xiaoyong , Guo Chengxiao , Hu Jun , Xu Shijin , Zheng Fen , Zhu Guoqing , Tao Hui , He Shufang , Hu Ji , Zhang Ye 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Heart failure is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity, and ventricular remodeling invariably precedes heart failure. Ventricular remodeling is fundamentally driven by mechanotransduction that is regulated by both the nervous system and the immune system. However, it remains unknown which key molecular factors govern the neuro/immune/cardio axis that underlies mechanotransduction during ventricular remodeling. Here, we investigated whether the mechanosensitive Piezo cation channel–mediated neurogenic inflammatory cascade underlies ventricular remodeling–related mechanotransduction.

METHODS:
By ligating the left coronary artery of rats to establish an in vivo model of chronic myocardial infarction (MI), lentivirus-mediated thoracic dorsal root ganglion (TDRG)–specific Piezo1 knockdown rats and adeno-associated virus–PHP.S—mediated TDRG neuron–specific Piezo1 knockout mice were used to investigate whether Piezo1 in the TDRG plays a functional role during ventricular remodeling. Subsequently, neutralizing antibody–mediated TDRG IL-6 (interleukin-6) inhibition rats and adeno-associated virus–PHP.S—mediated TDRG neuron–specific IL-6 knockdown mice were used to determine the mechanism underlying neurogenic inflammation. Primary TDRG neurons were used to evaluate Piezo1 function in vitro.

RESULTS:
Expression of Piezo1 and IL-6 was increased, and these factors were functionally activated in TDRG neurons at 4 weeks after MI. Both knockdown of TDRG-specific Piezo1 and deletion of TDRG neuron–specific Piezo1 lessened the severity of ventricular remodeling at 4 weeks after MI and decreased the level of IL-6 in the TDRG or heart. Furthermore, inhibition of TDRG IL-6 or knockdown of TDRG neuron–specific IL-6 also ameliorated ventricular remodeling and suppressed the IL-6 cascade in the heart, whereas the Piezo1 level in the TDRG was not affected. In addition, enhanced Piezo1 function, as reflected by abundant calcium influx induced by Yoda1 (a selective agonist of Piezo1), led to increased release of IL-6 from TDRG neurons in mice 4 weeks after MI.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings point to a critical role for Piezo1 in ventricular remodeling at 4 weeks after MI and reveal a neurogenic inflammatory cascade as a previously unknown facet of the neuronal immune signaling axis underlying mechanotransduction.