bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Australian Women’s Voyages “Home” White Colonialness, Privilege,
And Modernity
Authors: Woollacott Angela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Australian women viewed and reconstructed their own status in the British Empire through the knowledge they gleaned of the empire’s constituent parts on their passages “home,” as they often called England. The voyage from Australia to England was crucially different from travel undertaken at will to a chosen itinerary of destinations, and while it bore some of the cultural valences of tourism (such as the group experience of visiting known tourist sites), in its relatively fixed route and the powerful historical and cultural significance of the ultimate destination, it resembled a secular pilgrimage. Nancy Phelan’s father commented at her departure for England in 1938 that she was off “to Mecca.”
Modernity, Women’s Bodies, Women’s Lives
Authors: Woollacott Angela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In early August 1933 Dorothy Wright, from Sydney, committed suicide by shooting herself in Paris in “the sumptuous flat of Roland Coty, son of the perfume magnate.” According to “An Intimate Friend” who narrated Wright’s story for the press, her death was “the inevitable end” of her attempt “to conquer a world of glamor and luxury.” Wright had apparently become famous for her crossChannel social and sexual success, a popularity that had begun when she appeared in the chorus of a revue at His Majesty’s Theatre in London. She had sought theatrical work of some kind soon after her arrival from Australia in 1927 at age seventeen, hoping for precisely the kind of exposure she found. She soon left the revue chorus, as she began to move in social circles, and was in demand as an artist’s model. But the “greatest of her triumphs” had occurred in 1931 during an Indian Round Table Conference held in London, when she had become “a friend of half the Indian princes who were in Town.” If Wright’s suicide was “inevitable” because it was still impossible in the 1930s for a woman to survive social and sexual notoriety with her respectability intact, her story nevertheless provides clues about the significance of colonialism for changes in white women’s sexuality in the period of accelerated modernity in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Introduction (1977/2001—Still Going Strong)
Authors: Shadoian Jack 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Gangster/crime films continue to be made and hold their own in the market-place. The genre remains a viable framework for getting something important said. Its basic material continues to attract talented people who give it expressive force and creative shape. Its durability attests to its cultural importance. The genre has survived because the issues it addresses have always been central to the American experience, because its formal properties have given them a clarity of outline and lucidity of exposition, and because it has been infinitely flexible in adapting itself to shifting social and cultural conditions. It has played an important role in both forming and reflecting the American imagination.
Despite the excellence and popularity of its films, the genre has been generally held in low esteem. Critics and reviewers, high of tone and brow, have in the main been hostile. Even within the industry, until very recently, its prestige has not run parallel to its proven effectiveness. The reaction seems illogical. It is perhaps the danger of the gangster/crime film that has enforced a defensive distance and a refusal to acknowledge it. It has been troubled by censorship, a sure sign that people have been afraid of what it aims to accomplish and of its power.
The Golden Age: The “Classic” Gangster Film
Authors: Shadoian Jack 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The gangster-crime film took root as long ago as Griffith’s The Musketeers of Pig Alley (1912) and then struggled in unfertilized soil through to the end of the twenties. It took a combination of the sound film, Capone’s Chicago, Prohibition, and the mood of the depression to inaugurate the first distinct phase of the genre. It begins with Little Caesar (1930) and ends with Scarface (1932), and it is the source and example of all the phases that follow.
In general, the dynamics of gangster films of the thirties are simplistic, relying on the public’s fascination with actual criminals and their exciting, if alarming, exploits, and in tune with the rhythms of an industry approaching high gear. The gangster’s fizzy spirits, classy lifestyle, and amoral daring were something like an Alka-Seltzer for the headaches of the depression. In the ruined hopes of that period, the gangster’s grand designs were part of a dialectic of the audience’s fantasies and dreams and a rote Christian morality. Characters like Edward G. Robinson’s Rico, James Cagney’s Tom Powers, and Paul Muni’s Tony Camonte succumb to a combination of hubris, social fate, and moral reckoning in plots resembling those of classical tragedy.
Focus on Feeling
Authors: Shadoian Jack 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
On the surface the genre’s treatment of crime and gangsters in the fifties is relatively simple when compared to the complicated views induced by noir’s psychological malaise. The genre assumed some new and fairly consistent characteristics. A quick review, heedless for the time being of implications, may isolate the following:
For much of the fifties criminal heroes are few and far between. The cop or citizen, moved by obsessive personal reasons, takes over as hero in films of criminal action. They become the agents by which public paranoia about organized crime can be momentarily dissipated. Crime becomes disgusting; it is pictured as powerful, settled, cool, on a comfortable plateau of semirespectability. While the criminal is restrained and businesslike, the hero who opposes him gets overheated and frustrated. He has played by the rules and gotten nowhere for too long, and so, like the gangster before him, he now takes out his aggression, not only against crime but against the world. If the forties was full of characters who were deluded into thinking that action was meaningful, the fifties action hero, fighting for the “right side” and getting some-where, reveals the ugliness of his distress and his envy, hatred, and blindness.
Contemporary Colorations
Authors: Shadoian Jack 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Kiss Me Deadly was noir’s belated climax and, as well, a film in which the moral fervor of the early fifties gasped its last gasp and gave up. After Kiss Me Deadly, the genre enters its modernist phase. In the late fifties and early sixties the genre makes fresh starts and explorations and strikes new attitudes, how-ever tentatively. Burdened by cheap production and by the obligation to break new ground, the films are often not as confident as one might wish, but they supply the artistic and tonal foundations for the more popular, surefooted, lavish, and ceremonious (though not necessarily superior) genre films of the late sixties and early seventies.
The label “modernist” is somewhat voguish and unsatisfactory, but may serve to cover the strategies of films as distinct as Bonnie and Clyde, Point Blank, The Godfather, and The Godfather II. The term signifies, in the main, an articulate and consciously conceived nonillusionistic cinema. The genre from the late sixties on is marked by films that prevent the audience from nursing the illusion that they are watching a real world.
Toward the 21st Century
Authors: Shadoian Jack 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This would be the right place and moment to say there isn’t much difference between our latest underworld films and those powerful early talkies that elicited such censorious tremors of apprehension throughout a concerned, law-abiding citizenry, at the same time thrilling them with bold gestures of social defiance and raking in big dough during hard times. The conditions now are different, and we’ve seen many a criminal type come, momentarily hold sway, and then be given the choice of a ticket out of town or a bullet in the head. Films have fictionally documented, investigated, and taken positions on these real-life turnovers and their surrounding political contexts. Yet the kinds of stories they typically tell tend to simplify often messy issues by a fierce attention to emotions and by adhering to the clean, noble, time-tested patterns and structures of literary forms—tragedy, comedy, satire, romance—but adding their own appropriate variations and, it must be said, exercising all manner of expressive license. What works (i.e., makes money) gets repeated. The gangster, a fascinating public figure, was the subject of more than fifty films from 1930 to 1932, which suggested that he was plenty fascinating on the screen too, hence this period of his greatest popularity. He never had it so good again, but he has continued to sell tickets to this day—has, in fact, never been off the screen since his spectacular debut—and I’d guess that he makes some kind of appearance in probably 80 percent of American films. When he’s not up front, he’s lurking somewhere, and films will acknowledge his criminal and sinister presence within both law-breaking and law-abiding communities.
The Volatility Machine
Authors: Pettis Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This book presents a radically different argument for what has caused, and likely will continue to cause, the collapse of emerging market economies. Pettis combines the insights of economic history, economic theory, and finance theory into a comprehensive model for understanding sovereign liability management and the causes of financial crises. He examines recent financial crises in emerging market countries along with the history of international lending since the 1820s to argue that the process of international lending is driven primarily by external events and not by local politics and/or economic policies. He draws out the corporate finance implications of this approach to argue that most of the current analyses of the recent financial crises suffered by Latin America, Asia, and Russia have largely missed the point. He then develops a sovereign finance model, analogous to corporate finance, to understand the capital structure needs of emerging market countries. Using this model, he finally puts into perspective the recent crises, a new sovereign liability management theory, the implications of the model for sovereign debt restructurings, and the new financial architecture. Bridging the gap between finance specialists and traders, on the one hand, and economists and policy-makers on the other, The Volatility Machine is critical reading for anyone interested in where the international economy is going over the next several years.
Market Structure Issues
Authors: Pettis Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Before going on to discuss how changes in global liquidity conditions affect LDC borrowers, there are a few market structure issues worth discussing. First of all, we should make the standard distinction between liquidity crises and solvency crises. A liquidity crisis is analogous to a bank run, in which the bank may well be solvent—and even very profitable—before the onset of the crisis. However, because it normally mismatches its long-term assets and short-term liabilities, when depositors come clamoring for their money the bank may be forced to liquidate illiquid but healthy assets in order to meet the cash needs of depositors. A liquidity crisis, then, is one in which although the value of assets may exceed the value of liabilities when the crisis begins, the liabilities cannot be repaid as they come due by the normal cash flows generated by the assets. If the assets cannot be monetized—or converted into cash—quickly enough to meet liabilities as they come due, the borrower faces a liquidity crisis.
The Capital Structure Trap
Authors: Pettis Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To return, for a moment, to the chapters on history and the liquidity model: in those chapters I argued that there are, broadly speaking, four stages to the long-term international lending financial cycle. First, some displacement causes a rapid liquidity expansion in the major global financial centers. Second, there is a sudden outpouring of capital flows to LDCs. Third, a second exogenous shock results in a rapid collapse of liquidity in the rich-country financial center. And fourth, the international loan crisis begins.
The Indo-Europeans: A Common Mythology?
Authors: Leeming David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
By the middle of the sixth millennium b.c.e. European peoples, especially in the more temperate southeast region, had become established villagers, skilled both in agriculture and the domestication of animals. Their pottery, copper, bone, and stone work had developed considerably, and they had learned to use sailing craft for trade. In fact, the southern European cultures were well on their way to becoming what the great city cultures of the Near East and Crete would become in the third and second millennia. But beginning in the late fourth millennium or early third millennium b.c.e. Europe was gradually overrun and radically changed by people from the north, who also made their way into India and Iran to the east and eventually to Crete. By the end of the second millennium, all of Europe, much of Anatolia, the Fertile Crescent, Iran, and much of India were dominated by people most of whom we now refer to collectively as Indo-Europeans—or, in the case of the Fertile Crescent, Semites, who possessed qualities similar to the Indo-Europeans and who had replaced older cultures such as the Sumerian (see Mallory, 149–50).
The European Mythic Hero
Authors: Leeming David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Heroes become important to cultures particularly when deities no longer come down to interact with us. Heroes—usually male in patriarchal cultures such as those of Europe—are often the offspring of the union of deities and mortals. To varying degrees they possess superhuman qualities, but they are also genuinely human like us. Achilles, Herakles, Odysseus, Cúchulainn, Sigurd, Lemminkäinen, and Beowulf are all heroes of European mythology whose powers come from some connection with divinity but who suffer the agonies and joys of human life. Heroes are our personae in the world of myth, expressions of our collective psyches, first as cultures and then as a species. Cúchulainn reflects the Irish physical and psychological experience and Achilles could not be anything else but Archaic Greek. But when we compare the heroes of these various cultures, Joseph Campbell’s monomyth pattern emerges, and we discover a hero who belongs to the Indo-European tradition, to Europe, and ultimately to all of humanity.
European Philosophical Myths and the Modern World
Authors: Leeming David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An important type of myth since Plato’s time has been the metaphorical tale used to explain realities that are beyond simple logic. These “philosophical myths,” of which Adam Smith’s “invisible hand” is one, differ radically from most of the myths discussed earlier in this book, because they are constructs of individuals rather than of collective entities such as cultures, nations, movements, and the species. Several European philosophical myths should be mentioned here as they have profoundly affected the way Europeans and others see themselves in relation to the world they inhabit.
I I I
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With more calculated displays of affection and shrewdness than were natural in a girl of her age, Cecilia embraced and kissed her grandmother, whom she addressed as Chepilla (a whimsical derivation of Josefa), the name most people called her. That was enough to placate her, and there is nothing surprising about that, for, as we shall see later, that woman had been so unhappy, had felt such a need to be loved by the only being in the world who genuinely concerned her, that continuing to be stern with her granddaughter would have been the same as prolonging her own martyrdom. She naturally fell silent all of a sudden and simply sat there contemplating Cecilia, just as moments before she had been contemplating, in fervent prayer, the sweet face of the Blessed Virgin.
V I I
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the barrio of San Francisco and in one of its less crooked streets, with sidewalks or flagstones along one or two blocks, among other houses, there was one with a roof terrace that stood out because it had an upper floor above the arch of the front door, and a little balcony to the west. The common entrance, for the owners, servants, draft animals, and carriages, two of which were ordinarily stationed there, was, like that of almost all the houses in the country, through the zaguán, a sort of gatehouse or coach house that led to the dining room, the courtyard and the rooms known as studies.
V I I I
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The student looked down the Calle de San Ignacio toward the Plaza Vieja. On the corner of the Calle de Sol he spied two other students more or less his age, who to all appearances were waiting for him. One of them is not unknown to the reader, for he has been seen at the cuna on the Calle de San José. We are referring to Diego Meneses. The other was of less elegant and slender build, for in addition to his short stature he had a very short neck and rather hunched shoulders, between which a tiny round head was more or less buried. There was a certain disharmony about his forehead, narrower than it was tall; he had little piercing eyes, a slightly turned-up nose, a pointed beard, and a fresh, moist mouth, surely the most expressive of his unimpressive facial features, and kinky hair; in his face as well as in his body, the great slyness that animated his mischievous spirit was immediately evident.
X I
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
When he leapt out of the volante onto the sidewalk, Leonardo thought he noticed that a military officer, in full uniform, who was walking at a fast gait toward the Plaza Vieja, had moved away from the second window of his house, and that at the very same time there had come away from a shutter of that same window the familiar face of one of his sisters. He stepped up his pace and in fact, through another opening in the grating of the zaguán, he saw his elder sister Antonia raising the curtain so as to enter the nearest room through the door that led to the drawing room. This unexpected discovery upset him more than we can imagine because by putting two and two together he convinced himself, beyond a doubt, that while he had been wooing the mulatto girl there in the barrio of El Angel, a Spanish army captain, in the clear light of an October morning, had been courting his sister here in the barrio of San Francisco.
X I I
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Finally only DoÑa Rosa Sandoval de Gamboa and her beloved son Leonardo were left at table.He had not inherited his father’s talent for business. Nor did he give evidence of an aptitude for the literary career that he had been encouraged to pursue, although he did write poetry and short articles for the Diario de la Habana and other newspapers. His mother, however, wanted him to become an attorney, with a doctorate from the University of Havana, cherishing the hope that by following this path he could one day be appointed a judge of the Royal Tribunal of Puerto PrÍncipe, and even a lieutenant governor, as learned judges appointed by the king were called in those days. She had good reason to believe that through money and her husband’s relations at court, he might well secure for his firstborn son some special favor, honor, or title among the many that, motivated by such considerations, it is the custom of the Crown to grant.
I
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We must leave these characters for a short time in order to occupy ourselves with others who, though in no way inferior, play a less important role in our true story. We are referring at present to the renowned clarinet player, José Dolores Pimienta.To see him, needle in hand, sitting crosslegged along with the other assistant tailors on a low wooden platform, basting a dark green wool dress coat, still missing its sleeves and coattails, we must go inside master tailor Uribe’s shop, on the Calle de la Muralla, the first door after the corner of the Calle de Villegas, on which there stood a drygoods store called El Sol.
I I
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The sudden arrival of the young man mentioned at the end of the previous chapter, even though it was expected, surprised Uribe, all the more so in that his assistant had been waiting for that very moment to throw his arms back and let the garment that was ready to be tried on fall in the master tailor’s hands.This, however, was no reason for him to fail to go out to meet Leonardo Gamboa and receive him with many smiles and flattering remarks.Whether or not the young man who had just arrived noticed Pimienta’s hasty retreat, or whether he realized the motive behind it is more than can be stated with any degree of certainty. It must be said, however, that up until then Leonardo had not been aware that the musician was a rabid enemy of his; and that, furthermore, he considered himself too superior to concern himself with the sympathies or antipathies of a man of lower station, and a mulatto besides.
I X
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the Gamboa household its steward, Don Melitón Reventos, was a person of more importance that anyone could imagine. In the management of its general economy he had more of a say than his master, and at the same time he tried to keep up with DoÑa Rosa in that domain. But where he had powerful authority was among the slaves. He was responsible for keeping both the domestic servants in Havana and those of the rural estates fed and clothed. With the former, above all, he put on the airs of a lord and master, and more than that, of a despot. The fierce steward made two exceptions in their case. In the first place, he did not like to be harsh with Aponte, the carriage driver. Not only was Aponte a stern and fearful man, but he belonged to the spoiled son of the house-hold, who was unwilling to delegate the right to punish him to anyone.
X I I
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
May the days be holy here,” a smiling Nemesia said as she entered without knocking.But she stood silent and motionless at the door once she saw the face and mood of her two friends. The grandmother had again collapsed into the armchair, her favorite place; the granddaughter was still standing alongside the table, on which she was leaning one hand, visibly wavering between grief and despair.The appearance of this friend in those circumstances could not have been more timely. The old woman had said more than what prudence counseled, and the young one was afraid to delve into the innermost meaning of her grandmother’s last words. What was it she knew? Why use such veiled language? Was it hiding well-founded suspicions or was it merely meant to be intimidating?
X V
Authors: Villaverde Cirilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The hours, the days, and the weeks went by and neither letters nor news of Isabel Ilincheta arrived in the city following her departure for AlquÍzar. It was true that communications in the capital, even with towns in the same jurisdiction, were difficult at times. But there was no shortage of private couriers, freight haulers, or itinerant peddlers who consented to take letters and parcels back and forth without charging a fee. And Isabel was in the habit of using them in order to keep up a correspondence with her cousins the Gámez girls and with Leonardo.