bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint surgery rates in lupus: a long-term cohort study
Authors: Nossent Johannes , Keen Helen Isobel , Preen David Brian , Inderjeeth Charles A 
Published: January 2024

AimWith scarce data on the need and type of joint surgery in SLE, we investigated the long-term rates and underlying causes for arthroplasty, arthrodesis and synovectomy in patients with SLE.MethodsProcedure dates for arthroplasty, arthrodesis or synovectomy were retrieved from the state-wide Hospital Morbidity Data Collection between 1985 and 2015 for patients with SLE (n=1855) and propensity-matched controls (n=12 840). Patients with SLE with ≥two additional diagnostic codes for rheumatoid arthritis were classified as rhupus. ORs and incidence rates (IRs) per 100 person-years for joint procedures (JPs) were compared among patients with rhupus, patients with other SLE and controls across three study decades by regression analysis.ResultsMore patients with SLE than controls underwent a JP (11.6% vs 1.3%; OR 10.8, CI 8.86 to 13.24) with a higher IR for JP in patients with SLE (1.9 vs 0.1, rate ratio 19.9, CI 16.83 to 23.55). Among patients with SLE, patients with rhupus (n=120, 60.5%) had the highest odds of arthroplasty (OR 4.49, CI 2.87 to 6.92), arthrodesis (OR 6.64, CI 3.28 to 12.97) and synovectomy (OR 9.02,CI 4.32 to 18.23). Over time, the IR for overall JP in patients with rhupus was unchanged (8.7 to 8.6, R2=0.004, p=0.98), although the IR for avascular necrosis underlying arthroplasty decreased for all patients with SLE (0.52 to 0.10, p=0.02). Patients with other SLE also had significantly higher OR and IR for all three JPs than controls with insignificant decreases in synovectomy and increases in arthroplasty over time in this group.ConclusionsThe overall burden of joint surgery in SLE is high and despite a reduction in avascular necrosis, arthroplasty and arthrodesis rates have not decreased over time. These data indicate a need for increased efforts to prevent joint damage in patients with lupus.
Randomized control trial of a holographic needle guidance technique for thoracic epidural placement
Authors: Wiegelmann Julian , Choi Stephen , McHardy Paul G , Matava Clyde , Singer Oskar , Kaustov Lilia , Alam Fahad 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe Microsoft HoloLens is a head-mounted mixed reality device, which allows for overlaying hologram-like computer-generated elements onto the real world. This technology can be combined with preprocedural ultrasound during thoracic epidural placement to create a visual of the ideal needle angulation and trajectory in the users’ field of view. This could result in a technically easier and potentially safer alternative to traditional blind landmark techniques.MethodsPatients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) HoloLens-assisted thoracic epidural technique (intervention—group H) or (2) traditional thoracic epidural technique (control—group C). The primary outcome was needling time (defined as skin puncture to insertion of epidural catheter) during the procedure. The secondary outcomes were number of needle punctures, number of needle movements, number of bone contacts, and epidural failure. Procedural pain and recovery room pain levels were also evaluated.ResultsEighty-three patients were included in this study. The primary outcome of procedure time was reduced in the HoloLens group compared with control (4.5 min vs 7.3 min, p=0.02, 95% CI), as was the number of needle movements required (7.2 vs 14.4, p=0.01), respectively. There was no difference in intraprocedure or postprocedure pain, bone contacts, or total number of needle punctures. Three patients in the control group experienced epidural failure versus one patient in the HoloLens group.ConclusionsThis study shows that thoracic epidural placement may be facilitated by using a guidance hologram and may be more technically efficient.Trial registration numberNCT04028284.
Continuous erector spinae plane block versus thoracic epidural analgesia in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a prospective randomized open-label non-inferiority trial
Authors: van den Broek Renee J C , Postema Jonne M C , Koopman Joseph S H A , van Rossem Charles C , Olsthoorn Jules R , van Brakel Thomas J , Houterman Saskia , Bouwman R Arthur , Versyck Barbara 
Published: January 2024

Background and objectives
The evolving surgical techniques in thoracoscopic surgery necessitate the exploration of anesthesiological techniques. This study aimed to investigate whether incorporating a continuous erector spinae plane (ESP) block into a multimodal analgesia regimen is non-inferior to continuous thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) in terms of quality of postoperative recovery for patients undergoing elective unilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label non-inferiority trial between July 2020 and December 2022. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to receive either continuous ESP block or TEA. The primary outcome parameter was the Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) score, measured before surgery as a baseline and on postoperative days 0, 1, and 2. Secondary outcome parameters included pain scores, length of hospital stay, morphine consumption, nausea and vomiting, itching, speed of mobilization, and urinary catheterization.

Results
Analysis of the primary outcome showed a mean QoR-15 difference between the groups ESP block versus TEA of 1 (95% CI −9 to –12, p=0.79) on day 0, –1 (95% CI −11 to –8, p=0.81) on day 1 and −2 (95% CI −14 to –11, p=0.79) on day 2.

Conclusions
The continuous ESP block is non-inferior to TEA in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Trial registration number
Dutch Trial Register (NL6433).
Atlas for the CT Syndesmophyte Score (CTSS) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Marques Mary Lucy , Ramiro Sofia , van der Heijde Désirée , Reijnierse Monique , Diekhoff Torsten , Hermann Kay Geert A. , van Gaalen Floris A , de Hooge Manouk 
Published: January 2024

Background: The Computed Tomography Syndesmophyte Score (CTSS) was developed as a reliable and sensitive tool to assess syndesmophytes in low-dose CT images of the entire spine in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The original paper provided sparce examples of the CTSS grades.Objectives: Provide an atlas tailored to assist readers in understanding and employing the CTSS method.Methods: In this paper, illustrations of the different grades and views of the CTSS are presented. CTSS is used to measure bone formation in the spine of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), in the form of syndesmophytes. In both the sagittal and coronal planes, syndesmophytes can be graded from 0 to 3 over 23 vertebral units starting at C2 and ending at S1. The CTSS ranges from 0 (absence of axSpA-related syndesmophytes) to 552 (total ankylosis of the spine).Results: The current atlas contains low-dose CT images of the spine without lesions (for reference) and all grades of syndesmophytes in different planes used in the CTSS. Examples are arranged per spinal segment (cervical, thoracic and lumbar).Conclusions: These images can be used to assist any reader in the assessment of syndesmophytes on (low-dose) CT in patients with axSpA.
Identification of patient endotypes and adalimumab treatment responders in axial spondyloarthritis using blood-derived extracellular matrix biomarkers
Authors: Port Helena , Christiansen Frederik , Nielsen Signe Holm , Frederiksen Peder , Bay-Jensen Anne-C , Karsdal Morten Asser , Seven Sengul , Sørensen Inge Juul , Loft Anne Gitte , Madsen Ole Rintek , Ostergaard Mikkel , Pedersen Susanne J 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the potential of a panel of ECM remodelling markers as endotyping tools for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) by separating patients into subtypes and investigate how they differ among each other in disease activity scores and response to treatment with adalimumab.MethodsIn three axSpA studies, a panel of 14 blood-based ECM biomarkers related to formation of collagen (PRO-C2, PRO-C3, PRO-C6), degradation of collagen by metalloproteinases (C1M, C2M, T2CM, C3M, C4M, C6M, C10C), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-degraded prolargin (PROM), MMP-degraded and citrullinated vimentin (VICM), basement membrane turnover (PRO-C4) and neutrophil activity (CPa9-HNE) were assessed to enable patient clustering (endotyping). MASH (n=41) was a cross-sectional study, while Adalimumab in Axial Spondyloarthritis study (ASIM,n=45) and Danish Multicenter Study of Adalimumab in Spondyloarthritis (DANISH, n=49) were randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trials of adalimumab versus placebo every other week for 6 or 12 weeks, respectively, followed by active treatment. Biomarker data were log-transformed, standardised by mean centering and scaled by the SD prior to principal component analysis and K-means clustering.ResultsBased on all three studies, we identified two orthogonal dimensions reflecting: (1) inflammation and neutrophil activity (driven by C1M and CPa9-HNE) and (2) collagen turnover (driven by PRO-C2). Three endotypes were identified: high inflammation endotype (Endotype1), low inflammation endotype (Endotype 2) and high collagen turnover endotype (Endotype3). Endotype1 showed higher disease activity (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS)) at baseline compared with Endotype2 and Endotype3 and higher percentage of patients responding to adalimumab based on ASDAS clinical improvement at week 24. Endotype3 showed higher percentage of patients with 50% improvement in Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index response at week 24 compared with Endotype2.ConclusionThese endotypes differ in their tissue remodelling profile and may in the future have utility for patient stratification and treatment tailoring.
Diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barre using the prolog expert system
Authors: Andrade-Arenas Laberiano , Molina-Velarde Pedro , Pucuhuayla-Revatta Félix , Yactayo-Arias Cesar 
Published: January 2024

<span>This research is mostly about Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), a complicated neurological condition with many subtypes that make diagnosis and treatment hard, even though medical care is always getting better. The main goal of this study is to build and test an expert system that can correctly diagnose these subtypes, with a focus on early detection and personalized treatments. <br /> The evaluation of the system was carried out using a dataset composed of 20 cases (12 positive and 8 negative). A confusion matrix was used to evaluate key metrics such as precision, sensitivity, and specificity. The findings demonstrate precision and sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 75%. These findings unambiguously demonstrate the efficacy of the system in correctly identifying positive Guillain-Barre cases while substantially reducing false negatives. In conclusion, this expert system offers a potentially useful tool to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barre patients. However, to take advantage of its full potential in clinical practice, it should be used as diagnostic support and not replace the medical staff, and it should be updated periodically to reflect new findings in medicine.</span>
Hybrid model of convolutional neural network and long short term memory for heart disease prediction
Authors: Gupta Shubham , Sharma Pooja 
Published: January 2024

<span>Data mining is a process that assists in uncovering meaningful data from large, disorganized datasets. This research is being conducted to predict heart disorders by using available data to make predictions for the future. The approach is carried out in several stages, such as pre-processing the data, extracting relevant features, and classifying the data. all of these steps are essential for predicting heart disease. The deep learning models is already proposed by the researches for the heart disease prediction. This work introduces a hybrid deep learning model that combines convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) to predict heart disease. The proposed model has been implemented in python, and its accuracy, precision, and recall have been evaluated.</span>
Reviewers For Vol 15 No. 1
Authors: Editor  
Published: January 2024

Prof. Dr. Mirnawati Sudarmanto, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor (IPB), Indonesia Dr. Ratih Dewanti Hariyadi, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Prof. Dr. M.A. Chozin, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Soekisman S. Tjitrosemito, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Dahlia Sukma, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The State University of Jakarta (UNJ), Jakarta 13220, Indonesia Dr. Lisdar M. Sudirman,Â Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Nurita L. Toruan-Mathius, Tissue Culture Laboratory, SMART Research Institute (SMARTRI), Bogor, Indonesia Ir. Soemaryono M.Sc., Biotechnology Research Unit For Estate Crops, Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Okky S. Dharmaputra, SEAMEO BIOTROP/Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Gayuh Rahayu, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Yadi Haryadi, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Zainal Mahmud, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (Puslitbangbun), Bogor, IndonesiaÂ
Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein 72 Regulates Integrin Mac-1 Activity to Influence Neutrophil Recruitment
Authors: Li Yaofeng , Xu Xulin , Wang Haoqing Jerry , Chen Yiyao Catherine , Chen Yaobing , Chiu Joyce , Li Li , Wang Lei , Wang Jinyu , Tang Zhaoming , Ren Lehao , Li Hongliang , Wang Xuanbin , Jin Si , Wu Yi , Huang Mingdong , Ju Lining Arnold , Fang Chao 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Integrins mediate the adhesion, crawling, and migration of neutrophils during vascular inflammation. Thiol exchange is important in the regulation of integrin functions. ERp72 (endoplasmic reticulum–resident protein 72) is a member of the thiol isomerase family responsible for the catalysis of disulfide rearrangement. However, the role of ERp72 in the regulation of Mac-1 (integrin αMβ2) on neutrophils remains elusive.

METHODS:
Intravital microscopy of the cremaster microcirculation was performed to determine in vivo neutrophil movement. Static adhesion, flow chamber, and flow cytometry were used to evaluate in vitro integrin functions. Confocal fluorescent microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation were utilized to characterize the interactions between ERp72 and Mac-1 on neutrophil surface. Cell-impermeable probes and mass spectrometry were used to label reactive thiols and identify target disulfide bonds during redox exchange. Biomembrane force probe was performed to quantitatively measure the binding affinity of Mac-1. A murine model of acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide was utilized to evaluate neutrophil-associated vasculopathy.

RESULTS:
ERp72-deficient neutrophils exhibited increased rolling but decreased adhesion/crawling on inflamed venules in vivo and defective static adhesion in vitro. The defect was due to defective activation of integrin Mac-1 but not LFA-1 (lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1) using blocking or epitope-specific antibodies. ERp72 interacted with Mac-1 in lipid rafts on neutrophil surface leading to the reduction of the C654-C711 disulfide bond in the αM subunit that is critical for Mac-1 activation. Recombinant ERp72, via its catalytic motifs, increased the binding affinity of Mac-1 with ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and rescued the defective adhesion of ERp72-deficient neutrophils both in vitro and in vivo. Deletion of ERp72 in the bone marrow inhibited neutrophil infiltration, ameliorated tissue damage, and increased survival during murine acute lung injury.

CONCLUSIONS:
Extracellular ERp72 regulates integrin Mac-1 activity by catalyzing disulfide rearrangement on the αM subunit and may be a novel target for the treatment of neutrophil-associated vasculopathy.
The Contribution of Declines in Blood Lead Levels to Reductions in Blood Pressure Levels: Longitudinal Evidence in the Strong Heart Family Study
Authors: Lieberman‐Cribbin Wil , Li Zheng , Lewin Michael , Ruiz Patricia , Jarrett Jeffery M. , Cole Shelley A. , Kupsco Allison , O'Leary Marcia , Pichler Gernot , Shimbo Daichi , Devereux Richard B. , Umans Jason G. , Navas‐Acien Ana , Nigra Anne E. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Chronic lead exposure is associated with both subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease. We evaluated whether declines in blood lead were associated with changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adult American Indian participants from the SHFS (Strong Heart Family Study).

Methods and Results
Lead in whole blood was measured in 285 SHFS participants in 1997 to 1999 and 2006 to 2009. Blood pressure and measures of cardiac geometry and function were obtained in 2001 to 2003 and 2006 to 2009. We used generalized estimating equations to evaluate the association of declines in blood lead with changes in blood pressure; cardiac function and geometry measures were considered secondary. Mean blood lead was 2.04 μg/dL at baseline. After ≈10 years, mean decline in blood lead was 0.67 μg/dL. In fully adjusted models, the mean difference in systolic blood pressure comparing the highest to lowest tertile of decline (>0.91 versus <0.27 μg/dL) in blood lead was −7.08 mm Hg (95% CI, −13.16 to −1.00). A significant nonlinear association between declines in blood lead and declines in systolic blood pressure was detected, with significant linear associations where blood lead decline was 0.1 μg/dL or higher. Declines in blood lead were nonsignificantly associated with declines in diastolic blood pressure and significantly associated with declines in interventricular septum thickness.

Conclusions
Declines in blood lead levels in American Indian adults, even when small (0.1–1.0 μg/dL), were associated with reductions in systolic blood pressure. These findings suggest the need to further study the cardiovascular impacts of reducing lead exposures and the importance of lead exposure prevention.
AmbiFC: Fact-Checking Ambiguous Claims with Evidence
Authors: Glockner Max , Staliūnaitė Ieva , Thorne James , Vallejo Gisela , Vlachos Andreas , Gurevych Iryna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Automated fact-checking systems verify claims against evidence to predict their veracity. In real-world scenarios, the retrieved evidence may not unambiguously support or refute the claim and yield conflicting but valid interpretations. Existing fact-checking datasets assume that the models developed with them predict a single veracity label for each claim, thus discouraging the handling of such ambiguity. To address this issue we present AmbiFC,1 a fact-checking dataset with 10k claims derived from real-world information needs. It contains fine-grained evidence annotations of 50k passages from 5k Wikipedia pages. We analyze the disagreements arising from ambiguity when comparing claims against evidence in AmbiFC, observing a strong correlation of annotator disagreement with linguistic phenomena such as underspecification and probabilistic reasoning. We develop models for predicting veracity handling this ambiguity via soft labels, and find that a pipeline that learns the label distribution for sentence-level evidence selection and veracity prediction yields the best performance. We compare models trained on different subsets of AmbiFC and show that models trained on the ambiguous instances perform better when faced with the identified linguistic phenomena.
Language Varieties of Italy: Technology Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Ramponi Alan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Italy is characterized by a one-of-a-kind linguistic diversity landscape in Europe, which implicitly encodes local knowledge, cultural traditions, artistic expressions, and history of its speakers. However, most local languages and dialects in Italy are at risk of disappearing within a few generations. The NLP community has recently begun to engage with endangered languages, including those of Italy. Yet, most efforts assume that these varieties are under-resourced language monoliths with an established written form and homogeneous functions and needs, and thus highly interchangeable with each other and with high-resource, standardized languages. In this paper, we introduce the linguistic context of Italy and challenge the default machine-centric assumptions of NLP for Italy’s language varieties. We advocate for a shift in the paradigm from machine-centric to speaker-centric NLP, and provide recommendations and opportunities for work that prioritizes languages and their speakers over technological advances. To facilitate the process, we finally propose building a local community towards responsible, participatory efforts aimed at supporting vitality of languages and dialects of Italy.
Occurrence and potential health risk of aflatoxin M1 in raw, pasteurised, and UHT milk in Thailand
Authors: Poapolathep S. , Klangkaew N. , Phaochoosak N. , Jawjaroensri W. , Sroynum A. , Saipinta D. , Suriyasathaporn W. , Giorgi M. , Zhang Z. , Fink-Gremmels J. , Poapolathep A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 occurring in many feed materials commonly used in the ration of dairy cows. The level of contamination of feed materials is currently increasing in many parts of the world due to climate change. These changes emphasise the necessity to monitor AFM1 levels in milk and dairy products as a precautionary measure to protect consumer health risk. In the current study, the AFM1 levels were measured in raw, pasteurised, and ultra-high temperature processed (UHT) milk commercially available in Thailand. In total, 900 milk samples were analysed, making this investigation one of Thailand’s first large-scale monitoring of milk contamination. Over a period of three consecutive years (2019 to 2021), each year 100 individual samples of either AFM1, pasteurised and UHT milk were collected, extracted using an immunoaffinity column for AFM1 and then quantified by a validated liquid chromatography analysis with fluorescence detection. The measured AFM1levels ranged between 65-1,810 ng/l, 12-87 ng/l, and 7-38 ng/l in the raw, pasteurised, and UHT milk, respectively, in 2019. In 2020, the corresponding AFM1 concentration range was 58-1,232 ng/l, 15-65 ng/l, and 7-29 ng/l and 52-1,432 ng/l, 20-59 ng/l, and 7-33 ng/l in 2021, respectively. According to international guidance documents, a direct comparison and formal risk analysis revealed that the measured AFM1 levels of the processed milk samples showed good compliance with the US regulatory limits and the Codex Alimentarius Commission recommendations. However, the latter applies particularly to milk and dairy products intended for the consumption of infants and young children, considering their relatively high consumption of milk and dairy products and the specific sensitivity of infants and toddlers under the age of 6 years to mutagenic and genotoxic contaminants in foods.
Time’s Arrow and Simultaneity
Authors: Barbour Julian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In his paper ‘Bridging the neuroscience and physics of time’ with Dean Buonomano (2021) in a forthcoming book Rovelli makes claims that I question because they rely uncritically on theoretical frameworks employed when the laws of thermodynamics and general relativity were discovered. Their reconsideration suggests growth of entropy is not the origin of time’s arrow and identifies a notion of universal simultaneity within general relativity.