bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular mechanism of somatic embryogenesis in paeonia ostii ‘Fengdan’ based on transcriptome analysis combined histomorphological observation and metabolite determination
Authors: Zhang Wanqing , Zhang Hongxiao , Zhao Guodong , Wang Na , Guo Lili , Hou Xiaogai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Tree peony (Paeonia sect. Moutan DC.) is a famous flower native to China with high ornamental, medicinal, and oil value. However, the low regeneration rate of callus is one of the main constraints for the establishment of a genetic transformation system in tree peony. By histomorphological observation, transcriptomic analysis and metabolite determination, we investigated the molecular mechanism of somatic embryogenesis after the establishment of a culture system and the induction of somatic embryo(SE) formation.

Results
We found that SE formation was successfully induced when cotyledons were used as explants. A total of 3185 differentially expressed genes were screened by comparative transcriptomic analysis of embryogenic callus (EC), SE, and non-embryogenic callus (NEC). Compared to NEC, the auxin synthesis-related genes GH3.6 and PCO2 were up-regulated, whereas cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX6) and CYP450 family genes were down-regulated in somatic embryogenesis. In SE, the auxin content was significantly higher than the cytokinin content. The methyltransferase-related gene S-adenosylmethionine synthase (SAMS) and the flavonoid biosynthesis-related gene (ANS and F3’5’H) were down-regulated in somatic embryogenesis. The determination of flavonoids showed that rhoifolin and hyperoside had the highest content in SE. The results of transcriptome analysis were consistent with the relative expression of 8 candidate genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis.

Conclusion
The results revealed that auxin and cytokinin may play a key role in ‘Fengdan’ somatic embryogenesis. The genes related to somatic embryogenesis were revealed, which has partly elucidated the molecular mechanism of somatic embryogenesis in ‘Fengdan’.
Controlling the bacterial load of Salmonella Typhi in an experimental mouse model by a lytic Salmonella phage STWB21: a phage therapy approach
Authors: Mondal Payel , Halder Prolay , Mallick Bani , Bhaumik Subhadip , Koley Hemanta , Dutta Shanta , Dutta Moumita 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi is one of the major pathogens causing typhoid fever and a public health burden worldwide. Recently, the increasing number of multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella spp. has made this utmost necessary to consider bacteriophages as a potential alternative to antibiotics for S. Typhi infection treatment. Salmonella phage STWB21, isolated from environmental water, has earlier been reported to be effective as a safe biocontrol agent by our group. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of phage STWB21 in reducing the burden of salmonellosis in a mammalian host by inhibiting Salmonella Typhi invasion into the liver and spleen tissue.

Results
Phage treatment significantly improved the survival percentage of infected mice. This study also demonstrated that oral administration of phage treatment could be beneficial in both preventive and therapeutic treatment of salmonellosis caused by S. Typhi. Altogether the result showed that the phage treatment could control tissue inflammation in mice before and after Salmonella infection.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of phage therapy in a mouse model against a clinically isolated Salmonella Typhi strain that includes direct visualization of histopathology and ultrathin section microscopy images from the liver and spleen sections.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of dioecious floral development in Trachycarpus fortunei using Illumina and PacBio SMRT sequencing
Authors: Xiao Feng , Zhao Yang , Wang Xiurong , Mao Yuexiong , Jian Xueyan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundTrachycarpus fortuneiis a plant with significant economic and ornamental value. Both male and female flowers ofT. fortuneioriginate as bisexual flowers, and selective abortion occurs during floral development. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear inT. fortunei. In this study, transcriptome sequencing with Illumina and Pacific BioSciences (PacBio) single-molecule real-time (SMRT) platforms were used to investigate gene expression differences between male and femaleT. fortuneiplants.ResultsA total of 833,137 full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads were obtained, and 726,846 high-quality full-length transcripts were identified. A total of 159 genes were differentially expressed between male and female flowers at all development stages. Some of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed male bias, including serine/threonine-protein kinase (STPK),THUMP1 homologand other genes. Through single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) identification, 28 genes were considered as potential sex-associated SNPs. Time-Ordered Gene Co-expression Network (TO-GCN) analysis revealed thatMADS2andMADS26may play important roles in the development of female and male flowersT. fortuneplants, respectively.ConclusionsThese findings provide a genetic basis for flower development and differentiation inT. fortunei,and improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying sexual differentiation inT. fortunei.
Public policy on breastfeeding among working mothers in Taiwan: comparison between two national surveys
Authors: Yu Pei-Jung , Wu Wan-Ru , Liu Chieh-Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Creating a supportive breastfeeding environment after childbirth and enabling women to work with reassurance are essential in maternal care services. The study aimed to explore the effectiveness of the utilization rate of public and workplace lactation rooms in relation to the breastfeeding rate among postpartum women returning to work in Taiwan.

Methods
The study involved a secondary data analysis on 6,992 and 7,350 postpartum women surveyed in 2011 and 2016, respectively. Interviews were conducted with women six months postpartum. Logistic regression analysis was employed to calculate the odds ratio and investigate the differences in the utilization rates of public lactation rooms (PLR) and workplace lactation rooms (WLR) among working mothers over a five-year period, to confirm the effectiveness of public strategies.

Results
Comparing the years 2011 and 2016, significant differences in the rates of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and any breastfeeding (ABF) among working mothers returning to work after an 8-week maternity leave, depending on whether they used PLR or WLR. The rates were higher in 2016 than in 2011. For mothers who used PLR, the breastfeeding rates for EBF at the second, fourth, and sixth months (2011 vs. 2016: 67.6% vs. 81.1%, 75.0% vs. 86.4%, 77.5% vs. 86.2%) and ABF at the second, fourth, and sixth months (2011 vs. 2016: 60.3% vs. 73.9%, 68.8% vs. 81.3%, 73.7% vs. 85.6%). For mothers who used WLR, the breastfeeding rates for EBF at the second, fourth, and sixth months (2011 vs. 2016: 51.3% vs. 58.7%, 54.7% vs. 61.4%, 57.5% vs. 59.3%) and ABF at the second, fourth, and sixth months (2011 vs. 2016: 48.4% vs. 57.0%, 52.3% vs. 60.5%, 54.1% vs. 62.4%). When comparing 2011 to 2016 from the second to the sixth month postpartum, adjusted odds ratios for EBF (PLR: 4.17-5.23 vs. 4.06-6.22, WLR: 1.71-1.83 vs. 1.30-1.61) and ABF (PLR: 6.44-7.02 vs. 9.27-9.90, WLR: 1.91-1.98 vs. 1.97-1.99) showed differences.

Conclusion
Lactation support rooms play a vital role in motivating working mothers to sustain breastfeeding upon their return to work. Incentivizing businesses to build additional lactation rooms and offering breastfeeding resources is essential in striving to enhance the global breastfeeding rate.
Innovations in teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic: comparisons of the impacts of different teaching approaches in psychiatric nursing on undergraduate nursing students
Authors: Shan Yawei , Zhou Xuemei , Qi Wenwen , Liu Xiao , Huang Chuxian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric nursing education was significantly impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic, and innovative teaching can be challenging. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of four approaches to psychiatric nursing education in the context of the pandemic.MethodsA quasi-experimental design was adopted. Students were subjected to different teaching designs: face-to-face teaching (Class A in 2021), blended teaching with flipped classroom using roleplay (Class B in 2021), live broadcast teaching (Class A in 2022), and online blended teaching with flipped classroom using case studies (Class B in 2022). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the outcomes in terms of academic performance and course workload.ResultsThe number of valid data points was 270. The results indicated that compared with Class A in 2021, the two classes in 2022 achieved significantly higher academic performance scores, and Class B in 2021 exhibited a significantly lower workload. Compared with Class A in 2022, Class B in 2021 exhibited a significantly lower workload. Compared with Class B in 2022, Class B in 2021 exhibited a significantly lower workload and achieved lower academic performance scores.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that innovative teaching designs for psychiatric nursing offer advantages with regard to either facilitating academic performance or optimizing learners’ task loads. Furthermore, blended learning is a promising teaching approach in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future teaching initiatives could adopt student-centred constructive learning designs and ensure feasible teaching.
Exosomal circRNA RHOT1 promotes breast cancer progression by targeting miR-204-5p/ PRMT5 axis
Authors: Jiang Weihua , Yu YinPing , Ou Jianghua , Li Yongtao , Zhu Ning 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Circular RNA RHOT1 (circRHOT1) plays crucial roles in tumorigenesis by competing with microRNAs. It is largely abundant in tumor cell-derived exosomes. Meanwhile, cancer-derived exosomes participate in diverse biological processes. However, the expression patterns and functions of exosomal circRHOT1 in breast cancer remain unknown. This study is aimed to investigate and elucidate the exosomal circRHOT1/miR-204-5p/PRMT5 axis in breast cancer.

Methods
The exosomes derived from serum samples of breast cancer patients and breast cancer cell lines were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and Western blot. MTT, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays were utilized to analyze cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. Flow cytometry was used for apoptosis analysis. The bioinformatics method was employed to screen differentially expressed novel circRNAs and predict the microRNA targets of circRHOT1. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were performed to verify their direct interaction. Finally, Xenograft experiments were used to investigate the effect of exosomal circRHOT1 on tumor growth in vivo.

Results
CircRHOT1 exhibited significantly high expression in exosomes derived from the serum of breast cancer patients and breast cancer cell lines, which suggested its potential diagnostic value. Breast cancer-derived exosomes promoted the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells while inhibiting apoptosis. However, exosomes with downregulated circRHOT1 inhibited the growth of co-cultured cells. Mechanistically, circRHOT1 acted as a sponge of miR-204-5p and promoted protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) expression. Moreover, miR-204-5p inhibitor and pcPRMT5 could reverse the tumor suppressive effects mediated by circRHOT1-knockdown. Furthermore, treatment with exosomes derived from breast cancer cells with circRHOT1 knockdown attenuated tumor growth in tumor-bearing nude mice, which was accompanied by a reduction in PRMT5 expression and an enhancement of miR-204-5p expression.

Conclusion
The exosomal circRHOT1 may promote breast cancer progression by regulating the miR-204-5p/PRMT5 axis. The current study strengthens the role of circRHOT1, miR-204-5p, and PRMT5 in breast cancer development and provides a potential treatment strategy for breast cancer.
The role of lactate in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Ouyang Jun , Wang Hui , Huang Jiangnan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCardiovascular diseases pose a major threat worldwide. Common cardiovascular diseases include acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF) and atherosclerosis. Glycolysis process often has changed during these cardiovascular diseases. Lactate, the end-product of glycolysis, has been overlooked in the past but has gradually been identified to play major biological functions in recent years. Similarly, the role of lactate in cardiovascular disease is gradually being recognized. Targeting lactate production, regulating lactate transport, and modulating circulating lactate levels may serve as potential strategies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the future. The purpose of this review is to integrate relevant clinical and basic research on the role of lactate in the pathophysiological process of cardiovascular disease in recent years to clarify the important role of lactate in cardiovascular disease and to guide further studies exploring the role of lactate in cardiovascular and other diseases.
A tissue-engineered model of the blood-tumor barrier during metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Linville Raleigh M. , Maressa Joanna , Guo Zhaobin , Chung Tracy D. , Farrell Alanna , Jha Ria , Searson Peter C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetastatic brain cancer has poor prognosis due to challenges in both detection and treatment. One contributor to poor prognosis is the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which severely limits the transport of therapeutic agents to intracranial tumors. During the development of brain metastases from primary breast cancer, the BBB is modified and is termed the ‘blood-tumor barrier’ (BTB). A better understanding of the differences between the BBB and BTB across cancer types and stages may assist in identifying new therapeutic targets. Here, we utilize a tissue-engineered microvessel model with induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain microvascular endothelial-like cells (iBMECs) and surrounded by human breast metastatic cancer spheroids with brain tropism. We directly compare BBB and BTB in vitro microvessels to unravel both physical and chemical interactions occurring during perivascular cancer growth. We determine the dynamics of vascular co-option by cancer cells, modes of vascular degeneration, and quantify the endothelial barrier to antibody transport. Additionally, using bulk RNA sequencing, ELISA of microvessel perfusates, and related functional assays, we probe early brain endothelial changes in the presence of cancer cells. We find that immune cell adhesion and endothelial turnover are elevated within the metastatic BTB, and that macrophages exert a unique influence on BTB identity. Our model provides a novel three-dimensional system to study mechanisms of cancer-vascular-immune interactions and drug delivery occurring within the BTB.
Effectiveness of deep dry needling versus manual therapy in the treatment of myofascial temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Menéndez-Torre Ángela , Pintado-Zugasti Aitor Martín , Zaldivar Juan Nicolás Cuenca , García-Bermejo Paula , Gómez-Costa Diego , Molina-Álvarez Miguel , Arribas-Romano Alberto , Fernández-Carnero Josué 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are the most common cause of orofacial pain of non-dental origin, with approximately 42% of diagnoses corresponding to myofascial pain. Manual therapy and dry needling are commonly used interventions for the treatment of myofascial temporomandibular disorders. However, it is unclear whether one of them could be superior to the other.

Objectives
The aim of the present systematic review and network meta-analysis was to compare the effectiveness of manual therapy and dry needling in patients with myofascial TMD.

Methods
This is a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Randomized clinical trials were searched in the databases of Pubmed, PEDro, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Academic and EMBASE. The methodological quality of studies included in this review was judged using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. A frequentist network meta-analysis was carried out, assuming random effects, to estimate the effects of interventions for temporomandibular joint pain measured on a 10-point visual analogue scale.

Results
Out of 3190 records identified, 17 met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis and eight were included in the network meta-analysis. Indirect comparisons between dry needling and manual therapy showed no significant differences in their effects on pain reduction (Odds Ratio [95%CI]; − 0.263 [− 1.517, 0.992]). The ranking of treatments shows that manual therapy (SUCRA = 0.932) followed by deep dry needling (SUCRA = 0.775) present the highest values of estimation and can be considered the most likely to reduce pain.

Conclusions
The results of the network meta-analysis should be considered with caution due to the low quality of the evidence available and the high variability of the study protocols in terms of the method of application of dry needling and manual therapy interventions.
PROSPERO under identifier: (CRD42020186470).
Therapeutic potential of Lianhua Qingke in airway mucus hypersecretion of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Hao Yuanjie , Wang Tongxing , Hou Yunlong , Wang Xiaoqi , Yin Yujie , Liu Yi , Han Ningxin , Ma Yan , Li Zhen , Wei Yaru , Feng Wei , Jia Zhenhua , Qi Hui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Lianhua Qingke (LHQK) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine used for treating acute tracheobronchitis. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of LHQK in managing airway mucus hypersecretion in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).

Methods
The AECOPD model was established by subjecting male Wistar rats to 12 weeks of cigarette smoke (CS) exposure (80 cigarettes/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks) and intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure (200 μg, on days 1, 14, and 84). The rats were divided into six groups: control (room air exposure), model (CS + LPS exposure), LHQK (LHQK-L, LHQK-M, and LHQK-H), and a positive control group (Ambroxol). H&E staining, and AB-PAS staining were used to evaluate lung tissue pathology, inflammatory responses, and goblet cell hyperplasia. RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and ELISA were utilized to analyze the transcription, expression and secretion of proteins related to mucus production in vivo and in the human airway epithelial cell line NCI-H292 in vitro. To predict and screen the active ingredients of LHQK, network pharmacology analysis and NF-κB reporter system analysis were employed.

Results
LHQK treatment could ameliorate AECOPD-triggered pulmonary structure damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. AB-PAS and immunofluorescence staining with CCSP and Muc5ac antibodies showed that LHQK reduced goblet cell hyperplasia, probably by inhibiting the transdifferentiation of Club cells into goblet cells. RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry of Muc5ac and APQ5 showed that LHQK modulated mucus homeostasis by suppressing Muc5ac transcription and hypersecretion in vivo and in vitro, and maintaining the balance between Muc5ac and AQP5 expression. Network pharmacology analysis and NF-κB luciferase reporter system analysis provided insights into the active ingredients of LHQK that may help control airway mucus hypersecretion and regulate inflammation.

Conclusion
LHQK demonstrated therapeutic effects in AECOPD by reducing inflammation, suppressing goblet cell hyperplasia, preventing Club cell transdifferentiation, reducing Muc5ac hypersecretion, and modulating airway mucus homeostasis. These findings support the clinical use of LHQK as a potential treatment for AECOPD.
Limitations of the human iPSC-derived neuron model for early-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Valdes Phoebe , Henry Kenneth W. , Fitzgerald Michael Q. , Muralidharan Koushik , Caldwell Andrew B. , Ramachandran Srinivasan , Goldstein Lawrence S. B. , Mobley William C. , Galasko Douglas R. , Subramaniam Shankar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNon-familial Alzheimer’s disease (AD) occurring before 65 years of age is commonly referred to as early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) and constitutes ~ 5–6% of all AD cases (Mendez et al. in Continuum 25:34–51, 2019). While EOAD exhibits the same clinicopathological changes such as amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), brain atrophy, and cognitive decline (Sirkis et al. in Mol Psychiatry 27:2674–88, 2022; Caldwell et al. in Mol Brain 15:83, 2022) as observed in the more prevalent late-onset AD (LOAD), EOAD patients tend to have more severe cognitive deficits, including visuospatial, language, and executive dysfunction (Sirkis et al. in Mol Psychiatry 27:2674–88, 2022). Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been used to model and study penetrative, familial AD (FAD) mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 (Valdes et al. in Research Square 1–30, 2022; Caldwell et al. in Sci Adv 6:1–16, 2020) but have been seldom used for sporadic forms of AD that display more heterogeneous disease mechanisms. In this study, we sought to characterize iPSC-derived neurons from EOAD patients via RNA sequencing. A modest difference in expression profiles between EOAD patients and non-demented control (NDC) subjects resulted in a limited number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Based on this analysis, we provide evidence that iPSC-derived neuron model systems, likely due to the loss of EOAD-associated epigenetic signatures arising from iPSC reprogramming, may not be ideal models for studying sporadic AD.