bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of Ecological and Eco-technological Design on Architecture (Hot, Dry Climatic Environment)
Authors: Attiya Eman Eid , Shebl Mohamed Adel , Magdy Darwish Menna T-Allah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The eco-technological architecture works to improve the efficiency of energy consumption, and the interaction of the building and its systems with the external environment as a living outlet that affects and is affected by the external environment. The research paper aims to devise sustainable ecological design criteria during all stages of sustainable building design by studying the integration between the ecology system and Eco technology on the hot, dry climatic environment and its direct impact on architecture to achieve compatibility and compatibility with the surrounding environment, leading to a more interactive architecture with the environment, an attempt to achieve ecological design features. By analyzing the architectural output resulting from the eco-technological concept, and achieving the highest degrees of comfort in the internal environment with the highest possible performance and the lowest possible cost, it positively affects the comfort of users. Therefore, architectural designers must move towards eco-technological thinking to pay attention to the energy rationalization system and the sustainability of buildings, realizing the importance of analyzing the basic principles of the eco-technological approach to obtain an environmentally compatible interior design, and paying attention to the technological means available to achieve energy efficiency in internal spaces in ways that do not affect the external environment.
BIM Roles in Enhancing Building Performance in Construction Projects Through Communication Management Case Study: The Grand Egyptian Museum
Authors: Ali S , Hegazi Y , Shanawany H , Othman A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In Egypt’s construction industry, achieving successful project performance is still a challenge, particularly in construction projects involving multiple stakeholders, where the requirements increase and different management approaches between the multi-stakeholders during project phases affect the communication process. However, the reliance on traditional methods of transmitting information and communicating between all parties results in many problems. Therefore, many software and technologies are developed to improve communication management and address the challenges of complying with the information that stakeholders require. BIM technology has emerged as a suitable platform for information exchange and visualization, which can aid in increasing the quality of information transfer and exchange to ease construction management and improve building performance. Thus, this research aims to improve building performance by improving communication management in construction projects using BIM. A qualitative research methodology is adopted to achieve the aim of this research. It is based on an analytical study of a literature review, a case study on a BIM project in Egypt and semi-structured interviews carried out in the Grand Egyptian Museum project. The research outcome lies in exploring the role of BIM to achieve the most possible benefits and raise the management performance of the communication process during construction.
Towards Achieving Sustainable Environmental Efficiency: Rationalizing Energy used in Educational Buildings of University Campus
Authors: Elkabany Sara N. , Elrashidey Marwa M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The research deals with a practical and analytical study comparing the use of the computer program for digital simulation, Design Builder, to calculate the amount of energy consumption in buildings, as the aim of the research is to conclude the most influential architectural elements in reducing energy consumption in the typical building of Al-Azhar College of Engineering for Girls (CEG). This is done by calculating the amount of energy consumption of the college building with its existing specifications while making architectural modifications to the building to conclude which elements have an impact on reducing energy consumption under the influence of the climatic conditions of the city of Cairo. These architectural elements include treating the glass surfaces and curtain walls in the building and increasing the operating temperature of the air conditioners to cool the building, as it is clear from the simulation results that the greatest reduction in the building’s cooling load is by 40%. The research concludes with recommendations that contribute to energy rationalization in educational buildings on campus, thus achieving efficiency in the internal and external environment.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Passive Design Strategies in Achieving Thermal Comfort in Residential Buildings in Egypt
Authors: Gindi Salwa El 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aims at thermal comfort improvement in residential buildings through utilization of passive design strategies and energy efficiency measures. The study investigates the impact of passive strategies on thermal comfort in hot dry climate of Egypt. A climatic analysis of three cities: Aswan, Cairo and Alexandria was conducted to examine passive design strategies’ efficacy. Thermal comfort in a residential building was examined by DesignBuilder simulation software. Annual simulations were performed on the model where several passive design strategies were applied. Passive design strategies’ potential was quantified and a parametric analysis was conducted for thermal comfort improvement. The results demonstrate that applying passive design strategies can be effective in reducing discomfort hours in hot climate. Comfort hours could be increased from 22.6% to 33.1 % in Aswan, while in Cairo can be increased from 31.1% to 38.6 %, and in Alexandria from 36.9% to 46 %. The research findings could be used by architects for thermal comfort improvement in residential buildings.
Investigation of the Performance of Zero Energy Homes in Hot Climates
Authors: Gindi Salwa El 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Globally, the rate at which buildings use resources and energy has been rising. Due to population growth, rise in living standard, and global warming, strategies for energy conservation have been adopted lately in zero energy buildings. Over the past decade, the energy consumption in constructions has increased at an unprecedented rate. Therefore, it is of great importance to mandate energy rationalization in building construction. This research investigates the impact of applying zero energy concept in homes in Egypt. The study begins by analysing the current situation of the energy sector and existing buildings in Egypt, the NZEB concept is defined and its different aspects are highlighted. Energy simulation by DesignBuilder simulation software is used to evaluate energy performance for a residential single family house model after applying Passive and Active design strategies. A number of energy saving strategies have been examined to optimize the building envelope with minimum energy requirements. The building energy consumption was reduced when various energy efficient strategies were combined. Besides utilizing energy efficient HVAC systems. a solar PV system is installed to meet the reduced energy. The case study was transformed into a zero-energy house. Results show that passive and active techniques can be dependable for steady energy production in buildings in hot dry regions.
Humanising Commercial Streets as a Tool for Social Sustainability
Authors: El Hama N. , Helmy M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Commercial Streets are the beating heart of any city, the hubs of leisure, business, and social gatherings, in which they also reflect cultures and be used to assess the level of well-being of citizens. Recently, due to the world population increase and other various factors, such as excessive urbanism and the domination of vehicle movement over pedestrianization rights, some commercial streets suffer from dehumanisation causes and symptoms. Those vary between substandard planning and construction, inhospitable landscaping, and excessive visual pollution, among other causes and symptoms. Thus, this research investigates various Humanisation strategies adopted worldwide. It discusses the potential of applying technological, spatial/physical, and social strategies to (re)Humanise commercial streets, using Othman Ibn Affan Street in Heliopolis as an applied case study. It suggests a rating system that could be adopted to measure the standard expected qualities of commercial streets. The research follows a mixed-method approach and uses various research tools, such as literature review, archival, critical analysis, observation study, and survey questionnaire to achieve its aim, which is creating a theoretical framework to achieve the Humanisation qualities in commercial streets. Through a critical discussion, the research determines in its developed framework that a combination of several defined Humanisation qualities is needed to (re)create Humanised commercial streets.
Assessing the Efficacy of Spatial Planning and Architecture in New Cities: A Case Study of Galala City and Its Implications for Responsible Urban Development
Authors: Mahgoub Y 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies used in the planning and construction of new responsible cities and to determine whether or not the stated objectives are being met. As a case study, Galala City provided insights into the efficacy of implementing the principles of responsible cities and served as a reference for similar projects. The evaluation encompassed an examination of diverse elements, including social, economic, and environmental considerations, in order to ascertain the degree to which the theory has been effectively implemented and its influence on both the city and its inhabitants. The research findings indicated that a critical first move in the development of new cities should involve the establishment of robust governance structures and institutions. It is essential to provide a variety of housing choices to accommodate different economic groups, promoting inclusiveness. Additionally, addressing the housing, commercial, and recreational requirements of low-skilled workers throughout the construction and post-construction phases is vital. Emphasizing the creation of employment opportunities and business prospects emerges as a fundamental principle for drawing and retaining permanent residents. Examining how well the Responsible Cities theory works in practice, using Galala City as a case study, has the potential to enhance the field of urban planning and architecture. This, in turn, can promote the creation of cities worldwide that are not only more sustainable but also more inclusive.
Urban Monitoring Indicators as a Mechanism for Evaluating Urban Development in New Cities in Egypt
Authors: Youssef O R , Hafez H 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Urban monitoring is one of the most important mechanisms for controlling and managing urban development. This research paper illustrates the importance of urban monitoring which lies in its ability to produce statistics and indicators that are essential for supporting decision-making, as well as monitoring the comprehensive development process by providing an objective picture of the city’s state. Urban indicators provide a standardized view that can be calculated and integrated into equations and compared periodically with other cities, giving a clear picture of the city’s state. The research discusses the success of development operations in new cities, which depends on understanding the current and future developmental needs of the population, anticipating them by developing appropriate plans, programs, and implementation mechanisms to achieve them, providing them within the specified timeframe, and then monitoring the performance of the programs and plans and the extent to which they have achieved their set goals. From this perspective, the idea of measuring development in urban communities emerged, and its importance appeared in collecting the necessary data on all aspects of development in the city, issuing urban indicators periodically, and converting them into knowledge that clarifies the reality of the situation for planners and decision-makers.
Fractal surface-based three-dimensional modeling to study the role of morphology and physiology in human skin friction
Authors: Roy Ashutosh , Vemaganti Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Human skin plays an important role in our perception of contact made throughout the day. In this work, we study the interplay of various morphological and physiological factors that dictate its contact mechanics. A hybrid computational-empirical approach is developed to model skin friction and to understand the role of roughness in contact mechanics of human skin variations in structural properties. A fractal rough surface is considered to model the skin surface. A layered three-dimensional finite element model is generated with stratum corneum, viable epidermis, and dermis which is further used to determine its mechanical response under normal loading. An empirical relationship is then used to predict the coefficient of friction. The effects of varying the Young's modulus, roughness parameters, thickness of stratum corneum and domain size are studied. Simulations are performed for multiple realizations to quantify statistical variations. Our results show that the proposed approach can replicate several experimental findings from the literature such as the decrease in skin friction with humidity and increasing roughness. The study provides qualitative and quantitative insight into the role of roughness in the contact mechanics of human skin while accounting for the effects of micro-level interfacial phenomena.
Bearing fault diagnosis based on the feature enhancement of improved mean differential SDP images★
Authors: Wang Wei , Sun Yongjian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment, vibrational signals often contain noise. In order to solve the problem of rolling bearing fault diagnosis under the influence of noise, an image enhancement method based on mean difference images is proposed. Convert one-dimensional time series into two-dimensional image data by using the symmetrized dot pattern method. The data are processed and grouped by variational mode decomposition to obtain a mean image with stable features. A feature enhancement method based on improved mean difference images is used to achieve data mining of fault features. The improved Canberra distance is used as the classification basis to realize the accurate classification of rolling bearing faults. Finally, the classification effect of the method is verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the image enhancement method proposed in this paper can improve fault features in the image and has a good anti-noise ability.
Ten years of generative adversarial nets (GANs): a survey of the state-of-the-art
Authors: Chakraborty Tanujit , Reddy K S Ujjwal , Naik Shraddha M , Panja Madhurima , Manvitha Bayapureddy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have rapidly emerged as powerful tools for generating realistic and diverse data across various domains, including computer vision and other applied areas, since their inception in 2014. Consisting of a discriminative network and a generative network engaged in a minimax game, GANs have revolutionized the field of generative modeling. In February 2018, GAN secured the leading spot on the ‘Top Ten Global Breakthrough Technologies List’ issued by the Massachusetts Science and Technology Review. Over the years, numerous advancements have been proposed, leading to a rich array of GAN variants, such as conditional GAN, Wasserstein GAN, cycle-consistent GAN, and StyleGAN, among many others. This survey aims to provide a general overview of GANs, summarizing the latent architecture, validation metrics, and application areas of the most widely recognized variants. We also delve into recent theoretical developments, exploring the profound connection between the adversarial principle underlying GAN and Jensen–Shannon divergence while discussing the optimality characteristics of the GAN framework. The efficiency of GAN variants and their model architectures will be evaluated along with training obstacles as well as training solutions. In addition, a detailed discussion will be provided, examining the integration of GANs with newly developed deep learning frameworks such as transformers, physics-informed neural networks, large language models, and diffusion models. Finally, we reveal several issues as well as future research outlines in this field.
Tropical glacier loss in East Africa: recent areal extents on Kilimanjaro, Mount Kenya, and in the Rwenzori Range from high-resolution remote sensing data
Authors: Hinzmann Anne , Mölg Thomas , Braun Matthias , Cullen Nicolas J , Hardy Douglas R , Kaser Georg , Prinz Rainer 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Over recent decades, the retreat of Kilimanjaro’s glaciers has been portrayed as a beacon of climate change. The decline of glaciers over the 20th century, however, is evident for all tropical glaciers in East Africa, including those found on Mount Kenya and in the Rwenzori Range. More recent studies have focused on Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya but the Rwenzori Range has not been considered for nearly two decades, which introduces an uncertainty about the remaining glacierization in East Africa. Therefore, the present study provides insights into the most recent glacier extents of all three mountain regions using a manual, multitemporal analysis of high-resolution satellite images for the years 2021/2022. The glacierization in East Africa is estimated to be 1.36 km2, with a glacier area of 0.98 km2 on Kilimanjaro, 0.069 km2 on Mount Kenya and 0.38 km2 in the Rwenzori Range. The uncertainty is determined to be within 12.5%. Compared to previous estimations, the overall area has declined by more than a half of its early 21st century extent. Being mainly controlled by high-altitude hygric seasonality, these glaciers are particularly valuable indicators of tropical climate variability and climate change.
Few hamiltonian cycles in graphs with one or two vertex degrees
Authors: Goedgebeur Jan , Jooken Jorik , Lo On-Hei Solomon , Seamone Ben , Zamfirescu Carol 
Published: January 2024

Inspired by Sheehan’s conjecture that no

4
4

-regular graph contains exactly one hamiltonian cycle, we prove results on hamiltonian cycles in regular graphs and nearly regular graphs. We fully disprove a conjecture of Haythorpe on the minimum number of hamiltonian cycles in regular hamiltonian graphs, thereby extending a result of Zamfirescu, as well as correct and complement Haythorpe’s computational enumerative results from [Exp. Math. 27 (2018), no. 4, 426–430]. Thereafter, we use the Lovász Local Lemma to extend Thomassen’s independent dominating set method. This extension allows us to find a second hamiltonian cycle that inherits linearly many edges from the first hamiltonian cycle. Regarding the limitations of this method, we answer a question of Haxell, Seamone, and Verstraete, and settle the first open case of a problem of Thomassen by showing that for

k
∈
{
5
,
6
}

k \in \{5, 6\}

there exist infinitely many

k
k

-regular hamiltonian graphs having no independent dominating set with respect to a prescribed hamiltonian cycle. Motivated by an observation of Aldred and Thomassen, we prove that for every

κ
∈
{
2
,
3
}

\kappa \in \{ 2, 3 \}

and any positive integer

k
k

, there are infinitely many non-regular graphs of connectivity

κ
\kappa

containing exactly one hamiltonian cycle and in which every vertex has degree

3
3

or

2
k

2k

.
‘Out of Africa’ origin of the pantropical staghorn fern genus Platycerium (Polypodiaceae) supported by plastid phylogenomics and biogeographical analysis
Authors: Xue Bine , Huang Erfeng , Zhao Guohua , Wei Ran , Song Zhuqiu , Zhang Xianchun , Yao Gang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
The staghorn fern genus Platycerium is one of the most commonly grown ornamental ferns, and it evolved to occupy a typical pantropical intercontinental disjunction. However, species-level relationships in the genus have not been well resolved, and the spatiotemporal evolutionary history of the genus also needs to be explored.

Methods
Plastomes of all the 18 Platycerium species were newly sequenced. Using plastome data, we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among Polypodiaceae members with a focus on Platycerium species, and further conducted molecular dating and biogeographical analyses of the genus.

Key Results
The present analyses yielded a robustly supported phylogenetic hypothesis of Platycerium. Molecular dating results showed that Platycerium split from its sister genus Hovenkampia ~35.2 million years ago (Ma) near the Eocene–Oligocene boundary and began to diverge ~26.3 Ma during the late Oligocene, while multiple speciation events within Platycerium occurred during the middle to late Miocene. Biogeographical analysis suggested that Platycerium originated in tropical Africa and then dispersed eastward to southeast Asia–Australasia and westward to neotropical areas.

Conclusions
Our analyses using a plastid phylogenomic approach improved our understanding of the species-level relationships within Platycerium. The global climate changes of both the Late Oligocene Warming and the cooling following the mid-Miocene Climate Optimum may have promoted the speciation of Platycerium, and transoceanic long-distance dispersal is the most plausible explanation for the pantropical distribution of the genus today. Our study investigating the biogeographical history of Platycerium provides a case study not only for the formation of the pantropical intercontinental disjunction of this fern genus but also the ‘out of Africa’ origin of plant lineages.
scMAE: a masked autoencoder for single-cell RNA-seq clustering
Authors: Fang Zhaoyu , Zheng Ruiqing , Li Min 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Single-cell RNA sequencing has emerged as a powerful technology for studying gene expression at the individual cell level. Clustering individual cells into distinct subpopulations is fundamental in scRNA-seq data analysis, facilitating the identification of cell types and exploration of cellular heterogeneity. Despite the recent development of many deep learning-based single-cell clustering methods, few have effectively exploited the correlations among genes, resulting in suboptimal clustering outcomes.

Results
Here, we propose a novel masked autoencoder-based method, scMAE, for cell clustering. scMAE perturbs gene expression and employs a masked autoencoder to reconstruct the original data, learning robust and informative cell representations. The masked autoencoder introduces a masking predictor, which captures relationships among genes by predicting whether gene expression values are masked. By integrating this masking mechanism, scMAE effectively captures latent structures and dependencies in the data, enhancing clustering performance. We conducted extensive comparative experiments using various clustering evaluation metrics on 15 scRNA-seq datasets from different sequencing platforms. Experimental results indicate that scMAE outperforms other state-of-the-art methods on these datasets. In addition, scMAE accurately identifies rare cell types, which are challenging to detect due to their low abundance. Furthermore, biological analyses confirm the biological significance of the identified cell subpopulations.

Availability and implementation
The source code of scMAE is available at: https://zenodo.org/records/10465991.