bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unify three photoemission measurement modes within a matrixlike framework
Authors: Ibrahim Kurash , Liu C. , Wang J. O. , Qian H. J. , Nie K. Q. , Xu J. F. , Guo Y. X. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Three photoemission measurement modes, namely photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), constant initial state spectroscopy (CIS), and constant final state spectroscopy (CFS), were introduced into the measurement field by three research groups half a century ago, in accordance with the state-of-the-art experimental conditions at that time. Until now, these modes have been separately applied in experimental practices, resulting in respective datasets obtained through individual measurement processes. These measurement modes and density-functional theory share a common characteristic in that they quantitatively adhere to the same energy conservation law. In the density-functional theory, the transition probability distribution, which corresponds to the PES quantity in measurement, and the cross-section components, which are equivalent to the quantities of CIS and CFS in measurements, are interconnected and interconvertible under the constraints of the energy conservation law. However, such interconnectedness does not exist between the datasets obtained by the PES, CFS, and CIS modes. This work aims to bridge the gap between theory and experiment by establishing interconnectedness between datasets from the three modes through the introduction of an orderly structured matrix-like framework. This matrix-like framework, serving as a generalized data analysis tool, presents the results of the three modes in a unified form and enables the transformation of one set of data into the results of another mode.
Predicting Frequency Deviation of a Crystal Oscillator based on Long Short-Term Memory Network and Transfer Learning Technique
Authors: Su Bo-Chen , Nguyen Duc Huy , Chao Paul C.-P. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Crystal oscillators are fundamental to an extensive range of electronic systems, spanning computers, mobile phones, and automotive electronics. Their significance is accentuated in high-precision applications such as global positioning systems (GPS) and aerospace systems where the frequency-temperature characteristics and thermal hysteresis phenomena are of paramount importance. This study introduces a groundbreaking approach for predicting frequency deviations arising from thermal hysteresis using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. Contrary to prior research which predominantly utilized cubic functions to model frequency-temperature characteristics and frequently overlooked thermal hysteresis, this investigation distinguishes itself by leveraging LSTM. The proposed methodology is aptly designed to model both time-dependent and temperature-dependent variations, consequently offering a heightened precision in predicting frequency deviations. By integrating transfer learning techniques, the model's adaptability to diverse databases is augmented, broadening its utility. Experimental evaluations with real-world data underscore the preeminence of the introduced method, registering a root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 0.05 ppm, more favorable than that by the traditional cubic functions and all the prior arts.
NOTCH3 serves as a potential biomarker for radioresistance and is correlated with the immunosuppressive microenvironment in rectal cancer
Authors: lelin Hu , qianlong Ling , liu Liu , qiong Wu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background：
Radioresistance significantly hinders tumor regression in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Identifying potential biomarkers associated with radioresistance is essential for guiding treatment selection in rectal cancer.
Methods：
In this study, we analyzed mRNA expression datasets of rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing radiotherapy responders and non-responders. To identify common DEGs, we constructed a Venn diagram using an online tool. Furthermore, we used the Kaplan–Meier Plotter to screen for target genes associated with the prognosis of READ. The mRNA expression of the target gene was determined using TCGA-COAD (READ) and R language. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between NOTCH3 and immune cell-associated gene markers via TIMER and GEPIA. Finally, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to validate the expression of NOTCH3 in READ and to establish the correlation between NOTCH3 expression and radioresistance.
Results:
The expression of NOTCH3 was up-regulated in the rectal cancer radiotherapy non-responders. Elevated NOTCH3 expression was found to be associated with shorter overall survival in READ. NOTCH3 expression exhibited a positive correlation with the levels of infiltrating CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. Additionally, the expression level of NOTCH3 demonstrated a significant correlation with gene markers associated with TAM, M2 macrophages, Treg cells, and T cell exhaustion.
Conclusions:
Our research demonstrate NOTCH3 may serve as a prognostic biomarker for predicting radioresistance linked to immunosuppression in READ. Targeting NOTCH3 could be a promising therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy.
Sociocultural determinants of health-associated quality of life among Afghan refugees in Pakistan: Evidence from a multi-stage cross-sectional study
Authors: Rehman Atta Ur , Zakar Rubeena , Hani Ume , Fischer Florian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Foreign invasions and political instability in Afghanistan affected neighboring countries with the large influx of refugees. Discrepancies in quality of life between the host and refugee populations may lead to health inequalities. Investigations in Pakistan on the quality of life of Afghan refugees were scarce despite more than four decades of refugee status. Therefore, this study was initiated to assess the sociocultural determinants that influence health-associated quality of life among Afghan refugees in Pakistan.
Methods
The Punjab province and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province refugee populations were selected as the study population for cross-sectional research based on the inclusion criteria of majority refugee representation and female participation. Quantitative research methodology with validated questionnaires was chosen for data collection via multi-stage probability sampling techniques. We collected data from 1,185 study participants and applied univariate and bivariate analyses. Inferential analyses included independent t-test and ANOVA.
Results
The average scores for the entire sample of Afghan refugees were highest for the social domain (58.78 ± 22.74), followed by the physical domain (53.29 ± 19.46), the general health domain (50.44 ± 20.10), the environmental domain (48.43 ± 16.30), and the psychological domain (46.52 ± 14.78). Age, marital status, family setup, mother language, number of years in the host country, residence type, family monthly income, access to health care, current health status, chronic health illness, substance abuse (smoking), cultural compatibility, linguistic barriers, and social inclusion were non-significant with all the subdomains in the inferential analysis using the independent t-test and analysis of variance.
Conclusion
The Afghan refugees’ average scores across all health-associated quality-of-life domains were lower than Pakistan's host population and the standard cutoff criteria (< 60 as an indicator of poor quality of life). The development of a national policy to include refugees in health insurance programs seems essential to improve the health-associated quality of life among Afghan refugees in Pakistan.
Dynamics of Mass Movements in an Urban Basin: A Case Study in the Fradinhos Drainage Basin, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
Authors: Couto Jeniffer Oliveira Nepomuceno do , Effgen Julia , Vieira Bianca , Silva Thelma , Marchioro Eberval 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Landslides are a widespread problem in Brazil due to the heavy rainfall typical of tropical environments. In urban areas, landslides can be catastrophic and can lead to significant economic and social losses. To prevent such catastrophes, it is crucial to comprehend the spatial distribution of mass movements in local dynamics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of areas susceptible to shallow translational slides in the Fradinhos Drainage Basin (FDB), situated in Vitória, state of Espírito Santo (ES). To achieve this, we used the Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-Based Regional Slope-Stability (TRIGRS) model, along with geotechnical and hydrological data from five sampling points. An extreme rainfall event that lasted 24 days, with an accumulated rainfall of 744 mm was considered. The study revealed that 31% of the basin is unstable, with no significant increase in these areas during the rainfall period. Additionally, 86% of this area is in an Environmental Protection Zone. The results indicate that the FDB has a low susceptibility to shallow landslides, due to the existence of the Environmental Protection Zone, as this zone forms a protective belt at higher slopes. TRIGRS effectively identifies unstable zones and is an useful tool for identifying susceptibility, contributing to local management.
Online News Channel Streaming: A Comprehensive Analysis of Channel and User Engagement during the Israel-Palestine Conflict
Authors: Alsubari Akram , Alhiba M. , Enan Ahlam , Aldawla Najran. N. H. , Alsurori M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The current research aims to uncover insights into how online audiences engage with and respond to conflict-related news content. This research investigates public discourse on conflict through a comprehensive analysis of a dataset comprising three million YouTube comments collected from 37 reputable international news channels, such as the BBC, Al Jazeera, and CNN, within a time span of 37 days. This research presents a meticulous exploration of global public discourse during this critical juncture. Therefore, we built a dataset by mining and perusing three million user comments from comment sections provided by news channels that were streaming on YouTube. We selected 2095 news titles and 2.9 million comments covering the period from 5 Oct to 12 Nov. The dataset contains information (channels, titles, title descriptions, views, publishing dates, and comments). The dataset was carefully selected and analysed to encapsulate diverse perspectives and offer a representative snapshot of global reactions. This study employs natural language processing (NLP) techniques to explore sentiment dynamics, media influence, temporal patterns, and user behaviors within the comments section. Temporal patterns in comments are meticulously examined to discern evolving public perceptions over time. Furthermore, media influence is addressed by exploring how news channels shape and reflect public opinion during a conflict of global significance. Beyond traditional sentiment analysis, this study delves into user engagement profiles, shedding light on patterns of interaction and the factors influencing online discourse. This research extends beyond a conventional examination of online comments; it provides a nuanced understanding of how digital platforms become spaces for global dialogue during critical geopolitical events. These findings not only contribute to the field of online discourse analysis but also offer valuable insights for policymakers, media professionals, and scholars studying the intersection of digital communication and global affairs.
Exploring Deep Fully-convolutional Neural Networks for Surface Defect Detection in Complex Geometries
Authors: García Daniel , García Diego , Díaz Ignacio , Marina Jorge 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a machine learning approach for detecting superficial defects in metal surfaces using point cloud data. We compare the performance of two popular deep learning architectures, Multilayer Perceptron Networks (MLPs) and Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs), with varying feature sets. Our results show that FCNs outperformed MLPs in terms of precision, recall, and f1-score. We found that transfer learning with pre-trained models can improve performance when the amount of available data is limited. Our study highlights the importance of considering the amount and quality of training data in developing machine learning models for defect detection in industrial settings with 3D images.
The investigation of the effect of incense use on patients with dry eye diseases: A clinical interview-based study
Authors: Alhalwani Amani , Mofti Alaa Hashem , Domyati Mustafa Ibrahim , Muzian Faisal , Qadizadah AlBaraa Ehab , Alquhaibi Abdulaziz Saad , Alghamdi Jumana , Gusti Nizar , Khan Muhammad Anwar , Almhmad Wasayf M. , Alqahtani Yara , ALZAHRANI NADIM , ALBAR HASHIM 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Incense is burning regularly in Saudi culture. Studies show that incense smoke is considered one of the indoor air pollutants and has been associated with affecting human health. Therefore, this study compared DED patients with cataract patients concerning their incense use, frequency of DED symptoms, blood inflammatory biomarkers, and ocular examination in patients in King Abdulaziz Medical Center (KAMC)- Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Methodology
A total of 64 patients participated in the prospective research study from August 2022 to December 2022 and performed a cross-sectional interview study at ophthalmology outpatient clinics using a pre-designed, validated questionnaire. The participants were divided into two groups: the study group, DED diagnosis, and the control group, cataract diagnosis. Blood biomarker tests and demographic data were gathered and analyzed. The means, standard deviations, and medians of the blood test and TBUT results were calculated. The PLR and NLR were calculated, and the correlation between all PLR, NLR, and TBUT values was investigated. Statistical analysis was utilized to determine the incense risk factors associated with the diagnosis.
Results
Patients with DED were older adults, more females, and high BMI. The type of incense used was high in synthetic wood. The dry eye disease symptoms frequency was eye fatigue (66.7%), and the highest intensity was itching (29.5%). There were increases in tear break-up time (TBUT) and inflammatory blood biomarkers values between groups with insignificant differences. There was a positive correlation with significant differences among DED patients between NLR and PLR and between TBUT (OS) and TBUT (OS).
Conclusion
This study shows that incense smoke might be a risk factor for increased tear break-up time and inflammatory blood biomarkers and has been indicated to cause dry eye symptoms. Additionally, the availability of a blood provocative test detecting DED ability markers besides ocular examination will be a significant advantage for managing DED to prevent adverse outcomes. It is recommended that people use natural incense rather than synthetic incense, use incense smoke for shorter periods, and ventilate their surroundings when burning incense at home to prevent dry eye disease and other health problems.
The relationships between ankylosing spondylitis, enteropathic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis were studied based on Mendelian randomization
Authors: Huang Chuan-hong , Chen Yue-ping , Chen Shang-Tong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and enteric arthritis (enteropathic arthritis) were investigated via Mendelian randomization (MR). EA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Method: Using publicly available GWAS data, inverse variance weighting (IVW) in the random effect model was used as the main analysis method, and weighted medium estimates were used. WME and MR‒Egger regression methods were used to verify the effectiveness of the IVW method. The simple mode and weighted mode were used to evaluate the directionality of causal effects.
Results: According to the IVW model, AS (OR=1.069) and EA (OR=1.171) were risk factors for RA, RA had no clear correlation with AS, and RA (OR=1.253) was a risk factor for EA.
Conclusion: After excluding the interference of confounding factors, unbiased estimation results were obtained via bidirectional MR analysis, which revealed a causal relationship between AS, EA and RA and between RA and EA.
Hypoglycemic effect of leafy vegetables from Ankole and Teso sub-regions of Uganda: preclinical evaluation using a high fat diet-streptozotocin model
Authors: Asekenye Caroline , Alele Paul Erasmus , Ogwang Patrick Engeu , Olet Eunice Apio 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: The hypoglycemic effect of the most frequently eaten leafy vegetables in Ankole and Teso sub-regions of Uganda, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Hs), Vigna unguiculata L. Walp (Vu) and Solanum nigrum L. (Sn) was studied in an attempt to explain the remarkable difference in prevalence of hyperglycemia observed in the two sub-regions.
Methods: Phytochemical screening was done and the phytochemicals in the Aqueous leaf extracts (ALEs) of Hs, Vu and Sn were quantified by means of UV-visible spectrophotometer using the standard calibration graph. The phytochemical concentration was given as standard equivalent of the vegetable fresh weight. The extracts were then tested for their hypoglycemic activity in high fat diet-streptozotocin (HFD-STZ) induced diabetic Wistar rats. These extracts were administered to diabetic rats at 100- and 200 mg/kg/body weight, orally once a day for 12 days. Glibenclamide (a standard drug used to treat diabetes mellitus) was similarly given to a positive control group to support the results at a dose of 5 mg/kg/body weight. Diabetic and normal control groups received vehicle (distilled water) daily for the same period of time.
Results: More phytochemical compounds were found in aqueous than methanol solvent. The highest quantity of total phenolic (TP) compounds was found in Hs 66.11±0.19 Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) (µg/mg fresh weight), highest quantity of total flavonoids (TF), total tannins (TT) and total alkaloids (TA) were found in Sn (71.35±0.14 Quercetin equivalent of flavonoids (QEF), 172.17±8.69 GAE and 119.71±3.64 Atropine equivalent (µg/mg, fresh weight) respectively, whereas the total saponins (TS) were highest in Vu 125.78±0.47 Diosgenin equivalent of Saponin per mg of fresh weight of the vegetable.
Conclusions: The ALEs of Hs lowered the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels most significantly (65%) at the dose of 200 mg/kg; Sn lowered the FBG by 57%, while Vu lowered the FBG by 43%, compared to the diabetic control. Vegetable hypoglycemic effects were comparable with glibenclamide (66%). Animal body weights showed insignificant increases by the end of the study. These vegetables can be considered effective in prevention and management of hyperglycemia.
Evaluating the Efficiency of Artificial Insemination Supported by Estrus Synchronization of Dairy Cows in the East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Awoke Nitsuh Walelign , Zewdie Awoke Kassa , Desta Natnael Teshager 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the breeding practices of dairy cattle in the Dejene and Machakel districts. In the present study, the effectiveness of prostaglandin hormone therapy was evaluated, and different factors affecting pregnancy in synchronized cows were detected. Among the cows treated with prostaglandin, 72.20% responded. There was a significant difference between the breeds in which the responding cows and local cows were bred was greater than that in which the cows were crossed. The estrus rates were estimated to be 81.33, 66.67 and 68.33 in the Dejene and Mchakel districts, respectively, for prostaglandin injection. There were significant differences in the estrus rate between artificial insemination technicians (AITS). The conception rates for injection of prostaglandin were 28.5% and 4.0% in Dejene and Mchekel, whereas the numbers of services per conception were 1.56, 2.56 and 2.55 in Dejene and Machakel, respectively. The overall conception rate and number of services per conception for prostaglandin injection were 18.5% and 2.22, respectively. Improvements in facilities and management are necessary before implementing effective estrous synchronization. Skill- and knowledge-based training for enhancing oestrus synchronization must be provided for both farmers and implementers to enhance their perception and adoption of the technology. The AITS must update recent skills and knowledge. Finally, information on breeding practice and the evaluation of the effectiveness of prostaglandin injection may serve as a basis for improving the fertility of dairy cows and will help in the design of appropriate breeding strategies for dairy cattle.
5-hydroxytryptamine Distribution Alterations in both Neurons and Synapses: A Potential Pathogenesis of Neuron Death in Tg(SOD1*G93A)1gur Mice
Authors: Jiang Shishi , Li Menghua , Dai Qi , Liu Xiwang , Li Cheng , Jiao Huifeng , Nie Hongbing , Pan Haili , Xu Renshi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, the accurate pathogenesis of ALS hasn’t been found up to now. The previous studied results revealed that the abnormal alterations of some non-motor neurons (MN) were one of potential pathogenesis of MN death in ALS. Therefore, we studied the altered features of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) distribution and expression in the spinal cord and brainstem of both Tg(SOD1*G93A)1Gur (TG) and wild-type (WT) mice through the fluorescent immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods using the biomarkers of 5-HT neuron and synapse (both 5-HT and Tryptophan hydroxylase 2). Our results revealed that 5-HT synapses mainly distributed in the funiculus lateralis, the anterior horn, the posterior horn, the central lateral column and the around central canal in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar segments of spinal cord, as well as both the raphe nucleus and the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus of brainstem, and gradually reduced following by the age increase in WT mice. However, both 5-HT synapses and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (5-HTR1A), but not 5-HTR2A, in spinal cord and 5-HT neurons in brainstem gradually increased following by the progression of disease and presented the significantly negative correlation between the increased distribution of both 5-HT synapses and neurons and neural cell death at the onset and/or progression stages of TG mice. Therefore, it is speculated that the distribution changes of 5-HT synapses in spinal cord and 5-HT neurons in brainstem are closely associated with neuron death, is a potential pathogenesis of ALS.