bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reprisals
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Vidinha arrived home she found the whole family still in great shock and confusion at the lunacy in which she had engaged. When they saw her come in, the two old women threw themselves upon her and covered her with hugs and kisses and tears. But she was still under the influence of the violent emotions through which she had just passed and was unable to respond to those demonstrations of affection: She dropped onto a bench and spent some time in silence, not giving answers to the thousand questions that were addressed to her. That silence further intensified the family’s anxiety.guests’ heads. The two male cousins tried to restrain him, but they were unable to do so; Vidinha broke into tears; the two old women swore; some people tried to restore the peace while others added to the disorder. As a result, an infernal uproar reigned.
New Deviltries
Authors: Almeida Manuel Antonio De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
e know not if it availed Leonardo that this was the first time he had incurred punishment, having previously maintained the strictest observance of all his duties, or if the very audacity of the deed won him more of the major’s sympathy. The upshot was that, aside from the laughter and mockery of his comrades and the anguished half hour he spent in the winding sheet, to the shock of everyone and especially of himself, nothing more happened. The major had thus held out a great proof of unusual benevolence. As a result, Leonardo went about for some days abashed and pensive, as though crushed by the weight of tremendous remorse. His comrades found this a great source of repartee with which to poke fun at him and did not give him a moment’s peace in their midst.
Introduction
Authors: Mahaffey Vicki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The broad background of this study is the twentieth century itself, throughout which people have seesawed between the impulse to idealize powerful images and an equally strong determination to resist their alluring and subtle power. Over the course of the century, the ideal images against which we typically measure both individual and collective value have emerged as both seductive and horrifying. These dominating ideals range from the individual to the global in scope; they include the notion of an impossibly “pure” or coherent self, the assumption of male superiority, the concept of a master race, and the ideal of an imperial nation. Such symbols of desirability—representative standards of what is ostensibly best and purest—swelled in power in the years preceding World War II, reaching their epitome in the glorification of the Aryan race; like the graven images proscribed in the Hebrew Bible, they gained numerous adherents, but they also provoked attacks from without and were subject to corruption from within. The insistence upon the authoritarian power of the master provoked the crudest genocide in the history of the world, but it also galvanized massive military resistance. In this book, I argue that ordinary objects of desire in literature correspond to
Introduction
Authors: Miller Nina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The aura surrounding the 1920s shows no sign of diminishing. Our post­ modern attention to modernism has moved most recently and conspicuously into the movies, where in an eight-year span we have had no fewer than five major Hollywood events: The Modems (director Allan Rudolph, 1988), Henry and June (director Phillip Kaufman, 1990), Tom and Viv (director Brian Gilbert, 1994), Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle (director Rudolph, 1995), and Carrington (director Christopher Hampton, 1996). Lavish of intellect and emotion, determinedly on the edge, the modernists are Beautiful People enlarged by consummate articulateness.1 Critically speaking, they are ripe for literary gossip, as well as for the reconstruction of “background” for individual literary genius. But what of modernist self-consciousness itself? How does it go to shape the very nature of those “movements and circles” filling the scene? In exploring the work of modernist women love poets, I wanted to make self-consciousness-the aura of being a modern-part of the equation. Having once fixed my attention on it, I discovered my writers’ “aura” to have more than one source: not just a local self-understanding (and a nostalgic projection from the present), aura also enwreathed a wider construction of womanhood in this period.
Love in Greenwich Village Genevieve Taggard and the Bohemian Ideal.
Authors: Miller Nina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Examining the bohemian poetics of Floyd Dell and Edna St. Vincent Millay, we come to recognize the degree to which bohemia as such is a construction in flux, variously and temporarily fixed in the service of a particular identity or self-positioning. While Dell is the more-or-less official Village historian and Millay its universally acknowledged icon, and while each of them has a special place in the given “material” of bohemia, even the rank-and-file Village writer has a subcultural space to construct in the course of asserting a literary self. For a variety of personal and cultural reasons, Villager Genevieve Taggard made the theory and development of bohemia’s utopian impulse her particular business. A public New Woman inasmuch as she published writing of contemporary gender relations, she was not, however, called upon to be a publicist for the Village. Perhaps as a consequence, her writing from this period is free to pursue a single-minded and highly personal exploration of the utopian possibilities of heterosexuality in the con­ text of bohemian values. Specifically, the privileged status accorded to ro­ mantic love in the Village gave Taggard full rein to delve into the dynamics of her own marriage as a means of arriving at a theory of (in Max Eastman’s famous phrase) “love and revolution.”‘
“Oh, do sit down, I’ve got so much to tell you!” Dorothy Parker and Her Intimate Public
Authors: Miller Nina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Through what conjunction of subcultural identity, publicity, love discourse, and poetic conventions did Dorothy Parker generate the singularly popular and critically acclaimed Parker verse? What cultural and imaginative negotiations allowed her to make love modern and herself a modern lover? Parker’s career in the twenties, continuous with that of the Algonquin Round Table, was significantly structured and even constituted by public­ ity. The genre of poetry, meanwhile, had a complex relation to modernist culture. To begin with, it was ubiquitous in the new newspaper “columns,” the “little magazines” of the Village and Harlem, and mass circulation journals of all kinds, from the Ladies’ Home Journal to Vanity Fair. Thus ephemeral and public, “verse” carried the meaning of cultural currency and circulation, at the same time that, as “literature,” it suggested the stability of cultural tradition.
“The New (and Newer) Negro (es)” Generational Conflict in the Harlem Renaissance
Authors: Miller Nina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Dictionary of Literary Biography names Gwendolyn Bennett “one of the more active and promising authors of the New Negro movement” and Helene Johnson, “one of the youngest and brightest of the Harlem Renaissance poets.” Gloria T. Hull has likewise identified Bennett and Johnson as “the stellar poets of the (Harlem Renaissance] younger generation.”1 Yet for scholars and readers generally, it is Zora Neale Hurston who has come to define Harlem Renaissance women’s writing, despite the fact that her work (though invaluable) is more idiosyncratic than representative of the renaissance literary matrix. Ann duCille has argued recently that African American literary criticism itself has come under the spell of what she calls “Hurston­ ism,” “the utopian trend in contemporary cultural criticism that readily reads resistance in such privileged, so-called authentically black discourses as ... the folkloric fiction of Zora Neale Hurston, while denigrating other cultural forms for their perceived adherence to and promotion of traditional (white) values.”2 While duCille is concerned with the larger question of African American literary value, I would like to propose that an understanding of women’s writing in the context of the Harlem Renaissance in particular might also fruitfully put Hurston aside in favor of Bennett and Johnson.
“Exalting Negro Womanhood” Performance and Cultural Responsibility for the Middle-Class Heroine
Authors: Miller Nina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Having set out the larger terms of Harlem Renaissance discourse, we now turn our attention to women’s writing, with an eye to discerning strategic responses to complex subcultural imperatives. It bears repeating that women produced the renaissance as well as reacted to it, derived identity and value from its ethos as well as risked objectification through proximity to its icons. As the ensuing discussion shows, the enabling and constraining sides of this equation balanced out (or failed to) according to the ways generic and historical imperatives converged for individual writers. Chapter 8 explores the significant utopian potential of the lyric poem for renaissance women. By contrast, the space of narrative, pursued in the present chapter, emerges as almost claustrophobic in the ideological burdens it imposes. My point, how­ ever, is not to argue for a given ideological content to either genre but to discover the particular uses to which these forms were put by women writers of modernist Harlem.
“Our Younger Negro (Women) Artists’’ Gwendolyn Bennett and Helene Johnson
Authors: Miller Nina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In introducing her valuable 1989 anthology, Shadowed Dreams: Women’s Poetry of the Harlem Renaissance, Maureen Honey explores the reasons for Romantic poetry’s evident aptness to the literary expression of African American women in the 1920s. After noting the largely forgotten fact that nearly as many poems by women as by men appeared in Crisis and Opportunity in the renaissance years-and to good critical response-Honey asserts that women’s embrace of an apparently white-identified aesthetics, and of such apolitical subjects as love and nature, was, in fact, a conscious refutation of black inferiority. Taking inspiration from the English Roman­ tics, renaissance women saw nature as a source of value in an acquisitive and industrialized white world, and the passion of love as elevating-in particular, as defying the slave-holding society’s assault on black emotional bonds. Drawing simultaneously on their peculiarly modernist faith in the power of art, women poets (like their male counterparts) believed that art would bridge the divided races and force a recognition of black worth.’ Gloria T. Hull’s Color, Sex, and Poetry-the 1987 study that launched the current wave of interest in renaissance women writers-takes a more materialist approach to this question of genre. Hull points out that “lyric poetry has long been considered the proper genre for women,” and, accordingly, the women of the renaissance “both kept themselves and were kept in their lyric sphere.”2
Reembodying the Self: Representations of Rape in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
Authors: Moore Opal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I bring the dreaded disease. I encourage their children to open their hearts to the “dark” side. To know the fear in them. To know the rage. To know the repression that has lopped off their brains- -Toi Derricotte, “From The Black Notebooks” There Is, It Seems, a widespread movement afoot to assert the innocence of children even as we deny or sabotage that innocence. There is what appears to be a head-in-the-sand impulse to insist upon this innocence by simply refusing to acknowledge its nonexistence. Never mind the “mean streets,” never mind the high teen pregnancy rates and drug use, or the phenomenal school dropout rates, or spiraling teen suicide statistics-never mind these real dangers to childhood.
Paths to Escape
Authors: Susan Gilbert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Maya Ancelou has told in interviews how Robert Loomis, her eventual Random House editor, goaded her into writing autobiography, teasing her with the challenge of writing literary autobiography. Considering herself a poet and playwright, she had repeatedly refused Loomis’s requests that she write an autobiography until he told her that it was just as well: “He . . . said that to write an autobiography-as literature is almost impossible. I said right then I’d do it” (“Maya Angelou,” with Hitt, 2n).
The Church as a Worshiping Community
Authors: Wainwright Geoffrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Jacques von Allmen, is “an eschatological game.” There are indeed several features of worship that make the comparison to a game appropriate. First, Christian worship is governed by the rules inherent in our being the redeemed creatures of God. Second, there is room within the rules for improvisation, since the “service” of God is in fact “our perfect freedom.” Third, there exist many well-tried moves, since the game has already been played by many generations of our predecessors in the faith. Lastly, worship, like any good game, contains its own purpose, which in this case is none other than “man’s chief end,” namely “to glorify God and enjoy Him for ever.”
Sacramental Theology and the World Church
Authors: Wainwright Geoffrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
IN THE LAST DECADE OR TWO OF HIS LIFE, KARL RA.HNER DETECTED THE emergent reality of a new era in the history of the church and, whether consequently or antecedently, in the history of the world. His idea of an incipient “world church” was prompted by the specifically Catholic experience of the Second Vatican Council, which brought together in Rome some two thousand bishops from all six continents. Rahner was a European, and more particularly a German-speaking European. His active ecumenism bloomed late; it was practically limited to contacts with Germanic Lutheranism, and it remained to the end rather bookish. For good or ill, my own cultural and ecclesial perspectives differ considerably from Rahner’s. I am a minister of the British Methodist Church, with whose maternal milk I took in a commitment to ecumenism in its classical Faith and Order form, including the goal of organic unity such as has been achieved or attempted among local and regional churches of different denominations in many parts of the British Commonwealth. I worked for six years as a missionary in French-speaking Equatorial Africa, and since 1979 I have lived in the United States. These differences need to be kept in mind as I seek to interact with Rahner’s concept of a world church, and more particularly from the angle of sacramental theology.
Divided by a Common Language?A Comparison and Contrast of Liturgical Revisionin the United Kingdom,the United States of America, and Australia
Authors: Wainwright Geoffrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
IN CHURCH AND LITURGY THE COMMONALITIES BETWEEN BRITAIN AND AMERICA are complex. The differences are complicated by independent developments and, particularly in the United States, by the intrusion of other-language factors. The ironies are subtle indeed. Moreover, the wit who spoke of Britain and America as two nations divided by a common language had not yet even heard of “Strine” (= Australian).
Britain itself underwent the Reformation in an English and in a Scottish form, and later the Church of England was not able to contain the Methodists. Following the American revolution, the Methodist Episcopal Church, though unestablished, became the largest Protestant Church in the country. The American Anglicans owe more to the Prayer Book of 1549 than to that of 1552/1662, and they got their first bishop and their liturgical tradition by way of the small Episcopal Church in Scotland.1 Scots Presbyterians were the chief shapers of the Presbyterian churches in the United States.
Report of the Secretary for the Board Meeting August 1921
Authors: Wilson Sondra Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since the last report to the Board the following lynchings have occurred: July 23. Hattiesburg, Miss.: Casey Jones (white) convicted of the murder and sentenced to be hanged July 18, but whose case was pending before the Supreme Court, was taken from the County jail and hanged in the courthouse yard by a mob of about seventy-five masked men. August 3: Lawrenceville, Va.: One of two Negroes arrested August 2 in connection with the murder of a white man on August 1 was lynched. The other Negro was not molested. Tulsa Riot Case In response to a communication from the N.A.A.C.P. Committee in Oklahoma regarding the handling of the cases of the victims of the Tulsa Riot, in conjuction with the Tulsa Colored Citizens Relief Committee, the Secretary made it clear to our Committee that the National Office would not be responsible for the payment of any amount beyond what may be collected in the Tulsa Relief and Defense Fund. This letter stated: The National Office cannot enter into any agreement for the employment of counsel whereby it becomes responsible for sums which may exceed the receipts in the funds being collected for this specific purpose. The National Office can only take the position of giving assistance in this matter and that assistance will be all that is possible to give and will be limited only by the amount of money we are able to collect into the Tulsa Relief and Defense Fund. The Association must avoid placing itself in a position where it may have shouldered upon it a greater share of the responsibility than was its original intention to undertake.
Report of the Secretary for the Board Meeting of July 1925
Authors: Wilson Sondra Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Sixteenth Annual Conference held at Denver, Colorado, June 24-30, was by far the greatest and most successful conference yet held by the Association. The local arrangements by the Denver Branch were perfect, every detail being looked after and carried through without a single hitch. Not only were the sessions and the mass meetings all that could be desired, but so were the entertainments. M. Reigel, State Director for Education, in his contention that the film is not moral, educational, or amusing. Mayor Davis of Cleveland has ordered the film seized at the opera house where it was to be shown. Upon appeal by the Griffith interests to the Federal Court, the right to show the film was granted but the State Supreme Court now bars it.
Report of the Secretary for the Board Meeting of September 1927
Authors: Wilson Sondra Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Maurice Mays Case In August, I9I9, Maurice Mays, a young colored man, was arrested in Knoxville, Tennessee, charged with the murder of Mrs. Bertie Lindsey, a white woman. Al though the trial resulted in a verdict of murder in the first degree, the general papers and has resulted in a demand for the pamphlet by teachers, libraries, etc. Among the white dailies reprinting the editorial are the Beaumont, Texas, Enter prise; the Des Moines News; the Amsterdam and the New York Recorder. The Nation in an editorial of August 24 quoted from the N.A.A.C.P. lynching statistics. An evidence of the impression made by the Annual Spring Conference in In dianapolis was furnished by an article written by the art critic of the Indianapolis Star, referring to the Conference and urging that its good effect be followed up by support of colored artists. The work of two young colored painters of Indianapolis was then exhaustively dealt with by the Star’s critic.
Report of the Secretary for the Board Meeting of March 1929
Authors: Wilson Sondra Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Richmond (Va.) Segregation Ordinance Newspapers of February 15 carried a dispatch to the effect that a Residential Segregation Ordinance had passed the Board of Alderman of the City of Richmond, Virginia, and was before the Mayor for his signature. During the month the Association has received clippings of its releases from a magazine published in England and from a German newspaper, the Weser Zeitung, published in Bremen. The Director of Publicity prepared a full-page advertisement for the Crisis calling attention to the $200,000 Twentieth Anniversary Campaign.
Is the Negro a Danger to White Culture?
Authors: Wilson Sondra Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the following article Johnson reponds to John Powell, whose article raising issues of Anglo-Saxon superiority had appeared in the New York World. Johnson states here that the Ku Klux Klan is the extreme result of Anglo Saxon superiority propaganda. He further explains that the concept of Anglo-Saxon superiority is built on lies by shallow-pated dogmatists who spread their dubious theories of race inferiority. This article was written in December 1923. Is the Negro dangerous to white culture and to the white race? Is it true that ‘‘.Anglo-Saxon culture” is threatened by aliens? Is it true that ‘‘.Anglo-Saxons” are the only group fit for leadership, cultural and political. in America? Yes, seems to be the answer to these questions by the ‘‘.Anglo-Saxon Clubs” of which Mr. John Powell of Virginia wrote in the World of December 2. To the specific questions raised by Mr. Powell and the ‘‘.Anglo-Saxon Clubs” I am glad in response to the request of the editor of the World, to make reply, as Secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, as a Negro, and, primarily, as an American.
Achievements and Aims of the N.A.A.C.P.
Authors: Wilson Sondra Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Chicago Defender, a black weekly newspaper, asked Johnson to restate the aims and purposes of the NAACP after its sixteen-year history. In 1925 Johnson eagerly accepted this opportunity, and in the following article he answers the question, “What has the NAACP done?” In spite of sixteen years history of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, together with what it has accomplished, and the clear statement of its purpose, there are still people who ask “What has the N.A.A.C.P. done?” These questions may spring from ignorance or from intentional blindness. I therefore eagerly seize the opportunity given by the Chicago Defender, to restate for the great public reached by this newspaper, not only the aims and purposes of the N.A.A.C.P. but to call to mind a few of the achievements which justify the enormous labor which has been and is being expended in the work of the Association. I think it only necessary to state the aims of the N.A.A.C.P. to make it clear that it is absolutely necessary for every Negro in America that those aims be realized. What are those aims and how have we thus far realized them? The N.A.A.C.P. set out to establish, safeguard, and fortify the fundamental citizenship rights of every colored man, woman and child in America. It demands justice in the courts, equal opportunity for education of colored with white children, and equal and fair deal for the colored workman on the job. In any public place the N.A.A.C.P. demands that the Negro shall have exactly the same accommodation and courtesy accorded to any other American citizens. It wants the Negro respected as men and women, his gifts and achievements acknowledged, to the end that the United States Constitution may be made something more than a scrap of paper and there be in America democracy in fact as well as in name.