bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell-Free Hemoglobin in the Pathophysiology of Trauma: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ross James T. , Robles Anamaria J. , Mazer Monty B. , Studer Amy C. , Remy Kenneth E. , Callcut Rachael A. 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVES:
Cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) is a potent mediator of endothelial dysfunction, organ injury, coagulopathy, and immunomodulation in hemolysis. These mechanisms have been demonstrated in patients with sepsis, hemoglobinopathies, and those receiving transfusions. However, less is known about the role of CFH in the pathophysiology of trauma, despite the release of equivalent levels of free hemoglobin.

DATA SOURCES:
Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and BIOSIS Previews were searched up to January 21, 2023, using key terms related to free hemoglobin and trauma.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two independent reviewers selected studies focused on hemolysis in trauma patients, hemoglobin breakdown products, hemoglobin-mediated injury in trauma, transfusion, sepsis, or therapeutics.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Data from the selected studies and their references were synthesized into a narrative review.

CONCLUSIONS:
Free hemoglobin likely plays a role in endothelial dysfunction, organ injury, coagulopathy, and immune dysfunction in polytrauma. This is a compelling area of investigation as multiple existing therapeutics effectively block these pathways.
A Retrospective Analysis of Safety in Participants Treated with a Hybrid Hyaluronic Acid and Calcium Hydroxyapatite Filler
Authors: Braz André , Colucci Ligia , Macedo de Oliveira Luciana , Monteiro Grasiela , Ormiga Patricia , Wanick Fabiana , Cazerta Camila , Kerson Graeme , Musumeci Maria , Silberberg Michael 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Limited long-term safety data are published on HA/CaHA/L, a hybrid dermal filler combining hyaluronic acid (HA), calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), and lidocaine (L).

Methods:
This retrospective multicenter study assessed treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in adults treated with HA/CaHA/L. The full analysis set (FAS) included eligible consented adults (N = 403); the long-term safety analysis (LTSA) set included FAS participants with greater than or equal to 12-months HA/CaHA/L exposure (n = 243).

Results:
Participants were majority female (94.0%), with Fitzpatrick skin phototypes II/III (80.1%) and a mean age of 50.1 years. Most participants (86.4%) received one HA/CaHA/L treatment. The median time between participants’ first HA/CaHA/L treatment and chart review was 15.4 months. Participants received a mean of 2.2 mL (0.5-8.9 mL) filler per treatment. Treated areas were predominantly malar (71.2%) and mandible (69.7%) regions. Most participants (95.0%) had one or more aesthetic treatments other than HA/CaHA/L [eg, other dermal fillers (84.1%), botulinum toxin (63.3%)]. Nineteen (4.7%) FAS participants had 20 documented TEAEs; most (3.5%, n = 14 participants) were mild in severity. Twelve TEAEs in 11 participants (2.7%) were related to HA/CaHA/L: induration (three, 0.7%), edema (3, 0.7%), and implant site nodules (five, 1.2%), which were noninflammatory and likely related to product placement. Among the LTSA, 15 (6.2%) participants had 16 documented TEAEs (six edema, five implant site nodules, one inflammation, three skin induration, one hypersensitivity); most were mild in severity. Nine TEAEs in eight participants (3.3%) were HA/CaHA/L-related. No treatment-emergent serious AEs were reported.

Conclusion:
The data from this noninterventional retrospective study support the favorable longer term (>12 month) safety profile of HA/CaHA/L.
Overcoming walls and voids: Responsive practices that enable frontline workers to feel heard
Authors: Kerrissey Michaela , Satterstrom Patricia , Pae James , Albert Nancy M. 
Published: February 2024

Background
There is increasing recognition that beyond frontline workers’ ability to speak up, their feeling heard is also vital, both for improving work processes and reducing burnout. However, little is known about the conditions under which frontline workers feel heard.

Purpose
This inductive qualitative study identifies barriers and facilitators to feeling heard among nurses in hospitals.

Methodology
We conducted in-depth semistructured interviews with registered nurses, nurse managers, and nurse practitioners across four hospitals (N = 24) in a U.S. health system between July 2021 and March 2022. We coded with the aim of developing new theory, generating initial codes by studying fragments of data (lines and segments), examining and refining codes across transcripts, and finally engaging in focused coding across all data collected.

Findings
Frontline nurses who spoke up confronted two types of challenges that prevented feeling heard: (a) walls, which describe organizational barriers that lead ideas to be rejected outright (e.g., empty solicitation), and (b) voids, which describe organizational gaps that lead ideas to be lost in the system (e.g., structural mazes). We identified categories of responsive practices that promoted feeling heard over walls (boundary framing, unscripting, priority enhancing) and voids (procedural transparency, identifying a navigator). These practices appeared more effective when conducted collectively over time.

Conclusion
Both walls and voids can prevent frontline workers from feeling heard, and these barriers may call for distinct managerial practices to address them. Future efforts to measure responsive practices and explore them in broader samples are needed.

Practice Implications
Encouraging responsive practices may help ensure that frontline health care workers feel heard.
Postlumpectomy imaging: is there a role for the study of the contralateral breast?—a retrospective cohort
Authors: Pires André M. , Rodrigues Jéssica R. , Pereira Helena G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Some patients with breast cancer submitted to breast-conserving surgery might benefit from a postlumpectomy imaging examination previously to radiation therapy. This aims to document the complete removal of cancer and might be accomplished using mammogram with breast and axillary ultrasonography. These modalities study not only the affected side but also the contralateral side. In fact, it is well-documented that women with breast cancer have an increased risk for contralateral breast cancer. Thus, we intended to evaluate the value of postlumpectomy imaging undertaken before adjuvant radiotherapy regarding the evaluation of the contralateral breast and axilla.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, medical records for patients with breast cancer submitted to breast-conserving surgery and referred to our radiotherapy unit between 2018 and 2019 were reviewed. All patients had to be submitted to bilateral mammogram with breast and axillary ultrasonography previously to radiotherapy. Patients with bilateral disease or with a history of breast cancer were excluded.

Results:
One thousand two hundred forty patients were analyzed. 19 (1.5%) had suspicious findings for contralateral breast disease, and 8 (0.6%) had a re-excision positive for residual malignancy. Higher age, invasive lobular carcinoma associated or not with lobular carcinoma in situ, and presence of lobular carcinoma in situ were associated with an increased risk for residual disease.

Conclusion:
Contralateral evaluation as part of postlumpectomy imaging revealed itself useful at detecting contralateral cancer, with some demographic and clinical features being associated with an increased risk for residual disease.
The Effect of Distance Education on Self-care in Patients With Heart Failure in the Chronic or Stable Phase
Authors: Sun Binbin , Wang Jianhui , Dong Jianxiu , Qin Lu , Xu Yuexuan , Tian Beibei 
Published: February 2024

Background
Health education is important for self-care in patients with heart failure. However, the evidence for the effect of distance education as an intervention to deliver instruction for patients after discharge through digital devices on self-care is limited.

Objectives
In this study, our aim was to explore the effect of distance education on self-care in patients with heart failure.

Methods
We searched 11 electronic databases and 3 trial registries for randomized controlled trials with low risk of bias and high-quality evidence to compare the effect of usual and distance education on self-care. Quality appraisal was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Using the Review Manager 5.4 tool, a meta-analysis was conducted. Certainty of the evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).

Results
Fifteen articles were eligible for this study. Compared with usual education, distance education improved self-care maintenance (mean difference [MD], 6.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.93–9.31; GRADE, moderate quality), self-care management (MD, 5.10; 95% CI, 3.25–6.95; GRADE, high quality), self-care confidence (MD, 6.66; 95% CI, 4.82–8.49; GRADE, high quality), heart failure knowledge (MD, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.01–1.56; GRADE, moderate quality), and quality of life (MD, −5.35; 95% CI, −8.73 to −1.97; GRADE, moderate quality). Subgroup analysis revealed distance education was more effective than usual education in self-care when the intervention was conducted for 1 to 6 months, more than 3 times per month, and a single intervention lasting more than 30 minutes.

Conclusions
This review shows the benefits of distance education on self-care, heart failure knowledge, and quality of life of patients with heart failure. The intervention duration, frequency, and duration of a single intervention could have affected the intervention effect.
Upper Extremity Surgery in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Prospective Comparative Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Skladman Rachel , Francoisse Caitlin A. , L’Hotta Allison J. , Novak Christine B. , Curtin Catherine M. , Ota Doug , Stenson Katherine C. , Tam Katharine , Kennedy Carie R. , James Aimee , Fox Ida K. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) has a devastating effect on health and independence. Restoring upper extremity function is a top priority and can be accomplished by tendon transfer (TT) and nerve transfer (NT) surgery. The purpose of this prospective comparative study was to assess long-term changes in upper extremity function between surgical (TT or NT) and nonsurgical groups through a comprehensive mixed-methods approach.

Methods:
This multicenter cohort study compared data among 3 groups: those undergoing no surgery, TT surgery, or NT surgery. Quantitative data from the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) and 36-item Short Form Health Survey were collected at baseline and long-term follow-up (6 to 24 months). Qualitative semistructured interview data were also obtained from these participants and their identified caregivers at baseline, early follow-up (1 month), and long-term follow-up (6 to 24 months).

Results:
Thirty-one participants had quantitative data across all time points: no surgery (n = 14), TT (n = 7), and NT (n = 10). SCIM scores improved in TT and NT groups compared with the no-surgery group (P < 0.05). The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores did not differ among groups. Qualitative data analysis (n = 168 interviews) corroborated SCIM findings: surgical participants and their caregivers reported improvement in transfers and ability to perform activities of daily living, including grooming and self-catheterization. Improved use of electronics and ability to operate a motor vehicle were also reported. Postoperative therapy was identified as a critical component of achieving gains.

Conclusions:
TT and NT surgery lead to quantitative and qualitative functional gains when compared to no surgery. This comparative information should be used to help surgeons discuss treatment options.

CLINICAL QUSETION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, II.
Alar Base Lining Graft: A New Technique to Prevent and Correct Alar Retraction in Primary and Secondary Rhinoplasty
Authors: Pozzi Mirco , Susini Pietro , Murante Andrea , Bolletta Alberto , Cuomo Roberto , Roxo Carlos Weck 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Rhinoplasty traditionally presents a challenge for plastic surgeons. The aim of this article is to describe a new alar base lining graft (ABLG) in augmentation rhinoplasty to prevent and treat alar retraction.

Methods:
In this study, the authors retrospectively reviewed patients treated with ABLG at their institution between July of 2019 and April of 2022. The authors describe their technique and graft. At a minimum follow-up time of 1 year, postoperative photographs were taken, and patients were reassessed, evaluating aspects such as global symmetry, shape, and contour of the nose. Patient satisfaction was investigated according to the rhinoplasty outcomes evaluation questionnaire.

Results:
A total of 42 patients were included in the study. They reported significant satisfaction with the aesthetic results, as demonstrated by the mean postoperative rhinoplasty outcomes evaluation score. Alar contracture in secondary rhinoplasty was treated successfully. None of the grafts was extruded or collapsed. Wounds healed without reported major infection.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates that ABLG is safe, contributes to improved functional and aesthetic outcomes, results in a high patient satisfaction rate, and has a low rate of postoperative complications.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Fulfilled Mind, Healthy Gut? Relationships of Eudaimonic Psychological Well-Being With the Gut Microbiome in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Guimond Anne-Josee , Ke Shanlin , Tworoger Shelley S. , Huang Tianyi , Chan Andrew T. , Kubzansky Laura D. , Liu Yang-Yu 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
Eudaimonic facets of psychological well-being (PWB), like purpose in life and sense of mastery, are associated with healthy aging. Variation in the gut microbiome may be one pathway by which mental health influences age-related health outcomes. However, associations between eudaimonic PWB and the gut microbiome are understudied. We examined whether purpose in life and sense of mastery, separately, were associated with features of the gut microbiome in older women.

Methods
Participants were from the Mind-Body Study (N = 206, mean age = 61 years), a substudy of the Nurses’ Health Study II cohort. In 2013, participants completed the Life Engagement Test and the Pearlin Mastery Scale. Three months later, up to two pairs of stool samples were collected, 6 months apart. Covariates included sociodemographics, depression, health status, and health behaviors. Analyses examined associations of PWB with gut microbiome taxonomic diversity, overall community structure, and specific species/pathways. To account for multiple testing, statistical significance was established using Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p values (i.e., q values ≤0.25).

Results
We found no evidence of an association between PWB and gut microbiome alpha diversity. In multivariate analysis, higher purpose levels were significantly associated with lower abundance of species previously linked with poorer health outcomes, notably Blautia hydrogenotrophica and Eubacterium ventriosum (q values ≤0.25). No significant associations were found between PWB and metabolic pathways.

Conclusions
These findings offer early evidence suggesting that eudaimonic PWB is linked with variation in the gut microbiome, and this might be one pathway by which PWB promotes healthy aging.
The Impact of Adding a 2-Way Video Monitoring System on Falls and Costs for High-Risk Inpatients
Authors: Sosa Marie Anne , Soares Marcio , Patel Samira , Trujillo Kimberly , Ashley Doreen , Smith Elizabeth , Shukla Bhavarth , Parekh Dipen , Ferreira Tanira , Gershengorn Hayley B. 
Published: February 2024

Objectives
We aimed to investigate the value of adding a video monitoring (VM) system with falls and costs for patients at high risk.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective, historically controlled study of adults (≥18 y old) at high risk of fall admitted at the University of Miami Hospital and Clinics from January 1 to November 30, 2020 (pre-VM) and January 1 to November 30, 2021 (post-VM); in-person sitters were available in both periods. Fall risk assessment was conducted on admission and at every nursing shift; we defined patients as high risk if their Morse Fall Scale was ≥60. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression model to evaluate the association of period (pre- versus post-VM) with falls and performed a cost analysis.

Results
Our primary cohort consisted of 9,034 patients at high risk of falls, 4,207 (46.6%) in the pre-VM and 4,827 (53.4%) in the post-VM period. Fall rates were higher in the pre- than the post-VM periods (3.5% versus 2.7%, P = 0.043). After adjustment, being admitted during the post-VM period was associated with a lower odds of fall (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.49 [0.37–0.64], P < 0.001). The median adjusted hospital cost (in 2020 dollars) was $1,969 more for patients who fell than for patients who did not (interquartile range, $880–$2,273). Considering start-up and ongoing costs, we estimate VM implementation to partly replace in-person monitoring has potential annual cost savings of >$800,000 for a hospital similar to ours.

Conclusions
Video monitoring to augment in-person sitters is an effective fall prevention initiative for patients at high risk of falls, which is likely also cost-effective.
Working-Age Caregivers of Stroke Survivors: Needs, Concerns, and Quality of Life
Authors: Rose Dixie , Newman Susan D. , Mueller Martina , Magwood Gayenell S. , Lutz Barbara J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to characterize the unmet needs and concerns of working-age caregivers of stroke survivors and to explore the relationships between these unmet needs and concerns and factors such as stroke survivor functional independence, caregiver strain, caregiver self-efficacy, caregiver perceived social support, and caregiver quality of life (QoL).

Design
Cross-sectional descriptive design was used in this study.

Methods
Participants (N = 103) completed an online survey. Descriptive statistics, bivariate Pearson correlation, and linear regression analysis was performed.

Results
Negative correlations were found between caregiver needs and concerns and both stroke survivor functional independence and caregiver self-efficacy. Positive correlations were identified between caregiver needs and concerns and caregiver strain. In multiple regression models, stroke survivor functional independence, caregiver self-efficacy, race, and gender were statistically significantly associated with caregiver QoL.

Clinical Relevance to the Practice of Rehabilitation Nursing
Results of this study can inform nurses as they collaborate with informal caregivers and researchers in optimizing the rehabilitation and discharge process and aiding in the support of caregiver QoL.

Conclusion
Working-age caregivers of stroke survivors expressed many needs and concerns. These needs, along with other factors, can affect outcomes including QoL in caregivers and stroke survivors.
Comparison of Fibroscan, Shear Wave Elastography, and Shear Wave Dispersion Measurements in Evaluating Fibrosis and Necroinflammation in Patients Who Underwent Liver Biopsy
Authors: Seyrek Sinan , Ayyildiz Hakan , Bulakci Mesut , Salmaslioglu Artur , Seyrek Fatmatuzzehra , Gultekin Burak , Cavus Bilger , Berker Neslihan , Buyuk Melek , Yuce Servet 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveOur aim was to predict these stages of hepatic fibrosis and necroinflammation using measurements from two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), transient elastography (Fibroscan, TE), and shear wave dispersion (SWD).Materials and MethodsIn this prospectively designed study, chronic liver patients with nonspecific etiology whose biopsy was performed for up to 1 week were included. Two-dimensional SWE, SWD, and TE measurements were performed. The METAVIR and F-ISHAK classification was used for histopathological evaluation.ResultsTwo-dimensional SWE and TE were considered significant for detecting hepatic fibrosis. In distinguishing ≥F2, for 2D-SWE, area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) was 0.86 (confidence interval [CI], 0.75–0.96) for the cutoff value of 8.05 kPa (P= 0.003); for TE, AUROC was 0.79 (CI, 0.65–0.94) for the cutoff value of 10.4 kPa (P< 0.001). No significance was found for TE in distinguishing ≥F3 (P= 0.132). However, for 2D-SWE, a cutoff value of 10.45 kPa (P< 0.001), with AUROC = 0.87 (CI, 0.78–0.97) was determined for ≥F3. Shear wave dispersion was able to determine the presence of necroinflammation (P= 0.016) and a cutoff value of 15.25 (meter/second)/kiloHertz ([m/s]/kHz) (P= 0.006) and AUROC of 0.71 (CI, 0.57–0.85) were calculated for distinguishing ≥A2. In addition, a cutoff value of 17.25 (m/s)/kHz (P= 0.023) and AUROC = 0.72 (CI, 0.51–0.93) were found to detect severe necroinflammation. The cutoff value for SWD was 15.25 (m/s)/kHz (P= 0.013) for detecting ≥A2 in the reversible stage of fibrosis (F0, F1, and F2), and AUROC = 0.72 (CI, 0.56–0.88).ConclusionsTwo-dimensional SWE and TE measurements were significant in detecting the irreversible stage and the stage that should be treated in hepatic fibrosis noninvasively. Shear wave dispersion measurements were significant in detecting necroinflammation noninvasively.
Efficacy of Immediate Postoperative Single Fractional 10 Gy Radiotherapy for Earlobe Keloids
Authors: Han Seung Hoon , Ha Boram , Chang Choong Hyun , Park Tae Hwan 
Published: February 2024

Background:The ear is a common site for keloid formation, typically due to ear piercing or trauma. Auricular keloids are always difficult to treat and pose a challenging situation. The purpose of this study is to present our experience treating earlobe keloids through complete surgical excision followed by immediate postoperative single fraction 10 Gy radiation therapy either on the same day or the next day.Methods:The authors retrospectively evaluated 48 patients with 71 earlobe keloids treated with complete surgical excision followed by single‐fractional 10 Gy radiotherapy within 24 hours from May 2021 to December 2022. The outcome was reported with a recurrence‐free rate and side effects.Results:The mean follow‐up period was 20.8 months. All patients tolerated the treatments well. The overall recurrence‐free rate was 100%. There were only 2 grade III radiation dermatitis. There were no reports of second malignancies or severe complications.Conclusions:The authors have obtained excellent outcomes from treating earlobe keloids through complete excision followed by postoperative radiotherapy with a single fractional dose of 10 Gy on the same day or the next day.