bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorous‐Based Heterostructure for the Effective Catalysis of Polysulfide Reactions with Phase Changes in High‐Sulfur‐Loading Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhao Yun , Zhang Huanyu , Ye Hualin , Zhao Dan , Lee Jim Yang , Huang Limin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHigh sulfur loading and long cycle life are the design targets of commercializable lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. The sulfur electrochemical reactions from Li2S4 to Li2S, which account for 75% of the battery's theoretical capacity, involve liquid‐to‐solid and solid‐to‐solid phase changes in all Li–S battery electrolytes in use today. These are kinetically hindered processes that are exacerbated by a high sulfur loading. In this study, it is observed that an in situ grown bimetallic phosphide/black phosphorus (NiCoP/BP) heterostructure can effectively catalyze the Li2S4 to Li2S reactions to increase the sulfur utilization at high sulfur loadings. The NiCoP/BP heterostructure is a good polysulfide adsorber, and the electric field prevailing at the Mott−Schottky junction of the heterostructure can facilitate charge transfer in the Li2S4 to Li2S2 liquid‐to‐solid reaction and Li+ diffusion in the Li2S2 to Li2S solid‐state reaction. Consequently, a sulfur cathode with the NiCoP/BP catalyst can deliver a specific capacity of 830 mAh g−1 at the sulfur loading of 6 mg cm−2 for 500 cycles at the 0.5 C rate. High sulfur utilization is also possible at a higher sulfur loading of 8 mg cm−2 for 440 cycles at the 1 C rate.
CircVMP1 promotes glycolysis and disease progression by upregulating HKDC1 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Hong‐Yu , Li Xiang‐Nan , Yang Lei , Ye Chun‐Xiang , Chen Zhi‐Lei , Wang Zhen‐Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in cancers. Here, we characterized circVMP1 (hsa_circ_0006508), an important circRNA which promoted glycolysis and disease progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism by which circVMP1 regulated tumor glycolysis and its related pathways in promoting CRC cell proliferation and metastasis.MethodsThe expression level of circVMP1 in CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was detected using quantitative PCR. In vitro and in vivo functional experiments were used to evaluate the effects of circVMP1 in the regulation of CRC cell proliferation and migration. Mitochondrial stress tests and glycolysis stress tests were conducted to detect the effect of circVMP1 on oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to evaluate the interaction between circVMP1, miR‐3167, and HKDC1.ResultsWe demonstrated that the level of circVMP1 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues. In HCT116 and SW480 cells, overexpression of circVMP1 promoted proliferation, metastasis, and glycolysis. In vivo analysis indicated that circVMP1 accelerated the proliferation of xenograft tumors. As for the mechanism, overexpression of circVMP1 increased the levels of hexokinase domain component 1 (HKDC1) through competitive binding with miR‐3167.ConclusionOur study reported that circVMP1 was one of the tumor driver genes that promoted CRC malignant progression and glycolysis by upregulating HKDC1. CircVMP1/miR‐3167/HKDC1 was a signaling axis that might be a target for CRC therapy.
Multimodale Ultraschalltechniken zur Differenzialdiagnose von Milzherden – eine diagnostische Herausforderung
Authors: Stock Konrad Friedrich , Slotta-Huspenina Julia , Findeisen Hajo , Görg Christian 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Milztumoren sind selten und können gerade als bildgebender Zufallsbefund eine differenzialdiagnostische Herausforderung darstellen. Aufgrund fehlender großangelegter Biopsiestudien ist die zur Verfügung stehende Literatur hinsichtlich eindeutiger bildgebender Dignitätskriterien begrenzt.

Ziel der Arbeit/Fragestellung
Die vorliegende Arbeit soll die Chancen einer gezielten ärztlichen Anamneseerhebung sowie die Möglichkeiten und Limitationen der multimodalen Sonographie aufzeigen, um mit einfachen und schonenden Methoden zur richtigen Diagnose bei einem Milzherd zu kommen.

Material und Methoden
Selektive Literaturrecherche und klinische Kasuistiken.

Ergebnisse
Bei der Differenzialdiagnostik fokaler Milzläsionen ist die Information über bestehende hämatoonkologische bzw. inflammatorisch-rheumatologische Vorerkrankungen essenziell, um gerade auch Zufallsbefunde korrekt einzuordnen. Neben B‑Bild-Ultraschall (B-US) und farbkodierter Dopplersonographie (FKDS) liefert vor allem die kontrastverstärkte Sonographie (CEUS) differenzialdiagnostisch entscheidende Hinweise. Während im B‑US echoreiche oder arteriell hypervaskularisierte Milzherde in der FKDS/CEUS meist benigne sind, müssen echoarme und arteriell hypoperfundierte Herde weiter abgeklärt werden. Die ultraschallgesteuerte Milzbiopsie hat zwar ein höheres Blutungsrisiko als die Leberbiopsie, ist aber dennoch die schonendste und effektivste Methode, um bei richtiger Indikationsstellung die histologische Klärung von Milzherden zu erreichen.

Diskussion/Schlussfolgerung
Durch die Kombination aus Anamnese und multimodalen Ultraschallmethoden, ggf. ergänzt durch die sonographisch gesteuerte Biopsie, lassen sich fokale Milzläsionen in den meisten Fällen erfolgreich einteilen mit direkten Auswirkungen auf das weitere klinische Vorgehen.
Cardiovascular Comorbidities Do Not Impact Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE) Outcomes: Retrospective Analysis of the National UK-ROPE Registry
Authors: Vigneswaran Ganesh , Maclean Drew , Doshi Neel , Harris Mark , Bryant Timothy J. C. , Hacking Nigel C. , Somani Bhaskar , Modi Sachin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Prostate artery embolisation (PAE) is a key treatment for the management of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Common cardiovascular risk factors might be associated with suboptimal outcomes and thus influence patient treatment selection. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether cardiovascular comorbidities affect PAE outcomes.

Methods
Retrospective subset analysis of the UK Registry of Prostate Artery Embolisation (UK-ROPE) database was performed with patients who had a full documented past medical histories including hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes and smoking status as well as international prostate symptom score (IPSS) at baseline and at 12 months. Multiple regression was performed to assess for any significant predictors.

Results
Comorbidity data were available for 100/216 patients (mean age 65.8 ± 6.4 years), baseline IPSS 20.9 ± 7.0). Regression analysis revealed that the presence of hypertension (53.7% IPSS reduction vs. absence 51.4%, p = 0.94), diabetes (52.6% vs. absence 52.1%, p = 0.6), CAD (59.2% vs. absence 51.4%, p = 0.95), no comorbidities (49.8% vs. any comorbidity present 55.3%, p = 0.66), smoking status (non-smoker, 52.6%, current smoker, 61.5%, ex-smoker, 49.8%, p > 0.05), age (p = 0.52) and baseline Qmax (p = 0.41) did not significantly impact IPSS reduction at 12 months post-PAE. Baseline prostate volume significantly influenced IPSS reduction (≥ 80 cc prostates, 58.9% vs. < 80 cc prostates 43.2%, p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The presence of cardiovascular comorbidities/smoking history does not appear to significantly impact PAE symptom score outcomes at 12 months post procedure. Our findings suggest that if the prostatic artery can be accessed, then clinical success is comparable to those without cardiovascular comorbidities.

Graphical Abstract
The effects of length and width of the stem on proximal humerus stress shielding in uncemented primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Kramer Manuel , Olach Martin , Zdravkovic Vilijam , Manser Melanie , Raiss Patric , Jost Bernhard , Spross Christian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
To preserve humeral bone during RTSA, stems have been made shorter and cement avoided whenever possible. However, with the increased use of uncemented RTSA, a phenomenon comparable to the stress shielding of the hip has been described for the proximal humerus. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of stem length and width on proximal humeral bone resorption after primary uncemented RTSA.

Materials and methods
The prospective shoulder arthroplasty database of our institution was reviewed for all primary uncemented RTSAs from 2017 to 2020 in osteoarthritis and cuff tear arthropathy cases with > 2-year follow-up. We compared the clinical and the radiographic 2-year outcome of the short and standard length stems of the same prosthesis design. This allowed us to assess the effects of stem length and width with regard to stress shielding. Furthermore, we defined a cut-off value for the filling ratios to prevent stress shielding.

Results
Fifty patients were included in the analysis, nineteen were in the short stem group (SHORT) and thirty-one in the standard stem group (STANDARD). After 2 years, SHORT showed a relative Constant Score of 91.8% and STANDARD of 98.3% (p = 0.256). Stress shielding was found in 4 patients (21%) in SHORT and in 16 patients (52%) in STANDARD (p = 0.03); it occurred more frequently in patients with higher humeral filling ratios (p < 0.05). The calculated cut-off to prevent stress shielding was 0.7 (± 0.03) for the metaphyseal and distal filling ratio.

Conclusion
While short and standard stems for RTSA have good results after 2 years, we found a significant negative effect of higher length and width of the stem with regard to stress shielding. Even though the clinical effects of stress shielding have to be assessed, short stems should be chosen with a filling ratio at the metaphyseal and distal position below 0.7.

Level of evidence (a retrospective case–control study)
III.
Working towards risk stratification for ascending aortic dilatation in pediatric Turner syndrome patients: results of a longitudinal echocardiographical observation
Authors: Heno J. , Michel-Behnke I. , Pees C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to longitudinally evaluate aortic root dimensions and elasticity in pediatric Turner syndrome (TS) in relation to known cardiac implications such as coarctation of the aorta (CoA) and bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) in order to create an improved risk profile for the presumed underlying vessel pathology in childhood. We report on the longitudinal findings of our pediatric TS outpatient clinic over a period of up to 7.6 years. Forty-nine TS patients (median age at baseline 9.7 ± 5.9 years, range 0–19.8) were followed-up for on average 2.9 ± 1.1 examinations and a median time of 3.4 ± 1.6 years. Aortic root (AoR) diameters and corresponding Z-scores were determined echocardiographically, and elasticity parameters as well as annual progression rates were calculated. At baseline, 16.3% of patients showed Z-scores > 2 at one or more levels of the AoR (35.7% of patients with BAV, odds ratio of 4.2). There was net progression to be noted at all measuring levels, leading to 28.6% of patients (50% of patients with BAV) exhibiting aortic dilatation at the end of follow-up. Progression correlated with the presence of BAV, non-mosaic monosomy, and age. A levelling-off of progression was seen with the onset of adolescence.Conclusions: Marked progression of aortic diameters leading to the development of dilatation can be observed in TS patients during childhood and stresses the importance of close surveillance during childhood. Main risk factors are BAV and complete monosomy 45X0. A beneficial influence of estrogen substitution can be suspected but needs further investigation.

What is known:• Patients with Turner syndrome are at an increased risk for aortic dilatation and dissection.• The presence of BAV and complete monosomy 45X are additional risk factors.

What is new:• Aortic dilatation can be detected in pediatric patients with Turner syndrome.• Relevant progression in childhood is possible in at-risk individuals and warrants close surveillance.
The rise and fall of excess winter mortality in New Zealand from 1876 to 2020
Authors: Telfar-Barnard Lucy , Baker Michael G. , Wilson Nick , Howden-Chapman Philippa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExcess winter mortality (EWM) has been used as a measure of how well populations and policy moderate the health effects of cold weather. We aimed to investigate long-term changes in the EWM of Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), and potential drivers of change, and to test for structural breaks in trends. We calculated NZ EWM indices from 1876 (4,698 deaths) to 2020 (33,310 deaths), total and by age-group and sex, comparing deaths from June to September (the coldest months) to deaths from February to May and October to January. The mean age and sex-standardised EWM Index (EWMI) for the full study period, excluding 1918, was 1.22. However, mean EWMI increased from 1.20 for 1886 to 1917, to 1.34 for the 1920s, then reduced over time to 1.14 in the 2010s, with excess winter deaths averaging 4.5% of annual deaths (1,450 deaths per year) in the 2010s, compared to 7.9% in the 1920s. Children under 5 years transitioned from a summer to winter excess between 1886 and 1911. Otherwise, the EWMI age-distribution was J-shaped in all time periods. Structural break testing showed the 1918 influenza pandemic strain had a significant impact on trends in winter and non-winter mortality and winter excess for subsequent decades. It was not possible to attribute the post-1918 reduction in EWM to any single factor among improved living standards, reduced severe respiratory infections, or climate change.
Blood DNA methylation and liver cancer in American Indians: evidence from the Strong Heart Study
Authors: Slowly Monique , Domingo-Relloso Arce , Santella Regina M. , Haack Karin , Fallin Daniele M. , Terry Mary Beth , Rhoades Dorothy A. , Herreros-Martinez Miguel , Garcia-Esquinas Esther , Cole Shelley A. , Tellez-Plaza Maria , Navas-Acien Ana , Wu Hui-Chen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeLiver cancer incidence among American Indians/Alaska Natives has risen over the past 20 years. Peripheral blood DNA methylation may be associated with liver cancer and could be used as a biomarker for cancer risk. We evaluated the association of blood DNA methylation with risk of liver cancer.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in 2324 American Indians, between age 45 and 75 years, from Arizona, Oklahoma, North Dakota and South Dakota who participated in the Strong Heart Study between 1989 and 1991. Liver cancer deaths (n = 21) were ascertained using death certificates obtained through 2017. The mean follow-up duration (SD) for non-cases was 25.1 (5.6) years and for cases, 11.0 (8.8) years. DNA methylation was assessed from blood samples collected at baseline using MethylationEPIC BeadChip 850 K arrays. We used Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, center, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, alcohol consumption, and immune cell proportions to examine the associations.ResultsWe identified 9 CpG sites associated with liver cancer. cg16057201 annotated toMRFAP1) was hypermethylated among cases vs. non-cases (hazard ratio (HR) for one standard deviation increase in methylation was 1.25 (95% CI 1.14, 1.37). The other eight CpGs were hypomethylated and the corresponding HRs (95% CI) ranged from 0.58 (0.44, 0.75) for cg04967787 (annotated toPPRC1) to 0.77 (0.67, 0.88) for cg08550308. We also assessed 7 differentially methylated CpG sites associated with liver cancer in previous studies. The adjusted HR for cg15079934 (annotated toLPS1) was 1.93 (95% CI 1.10, 3.39).ConclusionsBlood DNA methylation may be associated with liver cancer mortality and may be altered during the development of liver cancer.
Characterization of spray dried cellulose nanofibrils produced by a disk refining process at different fineness levels
Authors: Hwang Sungjun , Walker Colleen C. , Ozcan Soydan , Tekinalp Halil , Han Yousoo , Gardner Douglas J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThree types of wood pulp feedstocks including bleached softwood kraft, unbleached softwood kraft and old corrugated containers were disk refined to produce cellulose nanofibrils at different fineness levels ranging from 50 to 100%, and the resulting aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanofibrils were spray dried. The spray drying experiments were carried out to examine different processing conditions for the different CNF feedstock types and fines level at various suspension concentrations to produce dry samples with free-flowing powder morphologies. The fineness levels and solids contents of CNF suspensions were set to 80% or more and 1.8% or less, respectively. If the solids content of the CNF solutions was high and the fibrillation level was low, plugging was experienced in the spray head because of the high viscosity of the suspensions, resulting in production of poor-quality powders. In terms of reduction in processing energy, even if the CNF suspension solids content was increased to 1.5 wt.%, the powder quality and the production yields were excellent. It was confirmed that high-quality powder under 20 µm were produced at a 90% fibrillation level of all CNF feedstocks. The resulting dry CNF powders were characterized to determine particle size distributions and morphological properties via a scanning electron microscope and a laser diffraction particle size analyzer. The particle sizes were smaller at higher fibrillation levels and lower solids content of the CNF suspensions. The CNF suspension derived from bleached kraft pulp, the average particle size decreased by 43% and 33% with the lowered solids contents from 1.8 to 1%, and the increased fineness levels from 80 to 100%, respectively.
Applications of seaweed extracts in agriculture: An Australian perspective
Authors: Arioli Tony , Mattner Scott W. , Islam Md Tohidul , Tran Thi Linh Chi , Weisser Marianne , Winberg Pia , Cahill David M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSociety depends on food production. However, agricultural productivity is greatly challenged by extreme climate events and volatility. Seaweed extracts (SWE) have a key role in food production and their use is central to improving agricultural productivity by increasing crop tolerance to stress, improving the efficiency of plant nutrient use, and by contributing to sustainable farm practices. The benefits of SWE to crops have previously been reviewed in the context of the northern hemisphere, but not since 2015 in Australia – specific to its crops and unique stressors. This review is focused on the scientific progress since 2015 and insights from Australian research related to: (i) SWE-stimulated plant responses, (ii) field research on SWE, (iii) optimising the use of SWE in agriculture. The review considers the effects of SWE (made from Durvillaea potatorum and Ascophyllum nodosum) in the field, across crops, seasons, regions, and farming systems in Australia, and research conducted in the laboratory under controlled conditions on model and crop plants at the molecular, cellular, and physiological levels. The results from the review highlight the role of SWE in plant priming responses in laboratory experiments and its association with improved plant tolerance in the field. The review discusses the field effects related to production and fruit quality. The uniqueness of the Australian research is the inclusion of the same SWE in laboratory and field research, and the characterisation of plant responses under challenged and un-challenged conditions. This information provides deeper insights into the actions of SWE and enables growers and agronomists to optimize their field application in Australian agriculture.
A Bis(terpyridine)nickel(II)-Based Coordination Nanosheet: A Redox-Active Material with Flexibility and Transparency
Authors: Takada Kenji , Maeda Hiroaki , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report a novel functional bis(terpyridine)metal(II) complex coordination nanosheet (CONASH) comprising a three-armed terpyridine ligand and Ni2+ ion. The colourless Ni-terpyridine CONASH was synthesized by the method of interfacial coordination reaction at an interface of two immiscible liquids. The synthesized CONASH was characterized with various microscopic observations such as TEM, SEM, and AFM, and spectroscopic measurements such as XPS, IR, SEM/EDS, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The bis(terpyridine)nickel(II) complex nanosheet demonstrated redox-activity stemming from terpyridine complexes without distinctive colour change. Thus, the bis(terpyridine)nickel(II) coordination nanosheet is a potential redox-active material with colourlessness and flexibility, necessary for future transparent electronics.
The Implicative Conditional
Authors: Raidl Eric , Gomes Gilberto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the implicative conditional, a connective intended to describe the logical behavior of an empirically defined class of natural language conditionals, also namedimplicative conditionals, which excludes concessive and some other conditionals. The implicative conditional strengthens the strict conditional with the possibility of the antecedent and of the contradictory of the consequent.$${p\Rightarrow q}$$p⇒qis thus defined as$${\lnot } \Diamond {(p \wedge \lnot q) \wedge } \Diamond {p \wedge } \Diamond {\lnot q}$$¬◊(p∧¬q)∧◊p∧◊¬q. We explore the logical properties of this conditional in a reflexive normal Kripke semantics, provide an axiomatic system and prove it to be sound and complete for our semantics. The implicative conditional validates transitivity and contraposition, which we take to be integral parts of reasoning and communication. But it only validates restricted versions of strengthening the antecedent, right weakening, simplification, and rational monotonicity. Apparent counterexamples to some of these properties are explained as due to contextual factors. Finally, the implicative conditional avoids the paradoxes of material and strict implication, and validates some connexive principles such as Aristotle’s theses and weak Boethius’ thesis, as well as some highly entrenched principles of conditionals, such as conjunction of consequents, disjunction of antecedents, modus ponens, cautious monotonicity and cut.
Safe and compliant control of redundant robots using superimposition of passive task-space controllers
Authors: Tiseo Carlo , Merkt Wolfgang , Wolfslag Wouter , Vijayakumar Sethu , Mistry Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnimals are capable of robust and reliable control in unstructured environments, where they effortlessly overcome the uncertainty of interaction and are capable of exploiting singularities. These conditions are a well-known challenge for robots due to the limitations of projected dynamics, which requires accurate modelling and is susceptible to singularities. This work proposes a compliant passive control method for redundant manipulators based on a superimposition of multiple passive task-space controllers in a hierarchy without requiring any knowledge of the robot dynamics. The proposed control framework of passive controllers is inherently stable, numerically well-conditioned (as no matrix inversions are required), and computationally inexpensive (as no optimisation is used). This method leverages and introduces a novel stiffness profile for a recently proposed passive controller with smooth transitions between the divergence and convergence phases making it particularly suitable when multiple passive controllers are combined through superimposition. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves sub-centimetre tracking performance during demanding dynamic tasks with fast-changing references, while remaining safe to interact with and robust to singularities. The data further show that the robot can fully take advantage of the redundancy to maintain the primary task accuracy while compensating for unknown environmental interactions, which is not possible from current frameworks that require accurate contact information.