bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors associated with superior segmented facet joint violation in posterior approach lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Fan Lin , Chen Jiaxing , Liu Sizhu , Xie Siming , Wang Hucheng , Hu Yijie , Quan Zhengxue 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of superior-segmented facet joint violation (FJV) during pedicle screw placement in posterior approach lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).
Study type: Retrospective study.
Methods: A total of 320 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases who underwent PLIF surgery in our hospital from 2018 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The pedicle screws of all the patients were placed by freehand. The lumbar computed tomography examinations were conducted within 2 weeks after surgery to evaluate the degree of facet joint violation. The facet Joint degeneration, facet joint hypertrophy, facet angle, pedicle angle, depth of lamina, pedicle screw angle, and screw-endplate angle were measured or evaluated by CT images. General condition, preoperative diagnosis, superior screw placement level (L4 or L5), degree of vertebral slippage, and screw side (left or right) were also included in the analysis. Difference analysis (chi-square test/T-test) and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine which factors had an effect on FJV.
Results: 640 superior pedicle screws of 320 patients were analyzed in this study. The incidence of superior facet joint violation was 44.69% (286/320). The BMI (P=0.225), age (P=0.786), gender (P=0.701), facet joint degeneration (P=0.082), degree of vertebral slippage (P=0.15), depth of the lamina (P=0.307) and screw-endplate angle (P=0.807) were not associated with FJV. The preoperative diagnosis (P<0.001), superior screw placement level(P<0.001), screw side (P=0.004), facet angle (P<0.001), pedicle angle (P<0.001), pedicle screw angle (P<0.001), and facet joint hypertrophy (P=0.017) were associated with FJV, with facet angle(P<0.001), facet joint hypertrophy (P=0.044), and pedicle screw angle(P<0.001) as independent influences on FJV.
Conclusion: The larger facet angle, the smaller pedicle screw angle and facet joint hypertrophy were independent risk factors for FJV, and the cut off value of facet angle and pedicle screw angle were 43.38° and 14.67° respectively. More care should be taken to avoid FJV when the preoperative diagnosis was isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis and the screw placement level was at L5 level.
Risk Factors, Prognostic Factors, and Nomograms for Distant Metastasis in Patients with Diagnosed Duodenal cancer: A Population- Based Study
Authors: Shang Jiarong , Xu Chenyi , zhai xiaoxue , xu zhe , qian jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Duodenal cancer is one of the most common subtypes of small intestinal cancer, and distant metastasis (DM) in this type of cancer still leads to poor prognosis. Although nomograms have recently been used in tumor areas, no studies have focused on the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of DM in patients with primary duodenal cancer.
Methods
Data on duodenal cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for DM in patients with duodenal cancer, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors in duodenal cancer patients with DM. Two novel nomograms were established, and the results were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Result
A total of 2,603 patients with duodenal cancer were included; and 457 patients (17.56%) had DM at the time of diagnosis. Independent risk factors for DM in patients with duodenal cancer include sex, grade, tumor size, T stage, and N stage. The independent prognostic factors for duodenal cancer patients with DM are age, histological type, T stage, tumor grade, tumor size, bone metastasis chemotherapy, and surgery. The results of ROC curves, calibration, DCA, and Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival curves in the training, validation, and expanded testing sets confirmed that the two nomograms could precisely predict the occurrence and prognosis of DM in patients with duodenal cancer.
Conclusion
two nomograms are expected to be effective tools for predicting the risk of DM in patients with duodenal cancer and personalized prognosis prediction for patients with DM, which may benefit clinical decision-making.
Interrupted time series datasets from studies investigating the impact of interventions or exposures in public health and social science: A data note
Authors: Turner Simon L , Korevaar Elizabeth , Karahalios Amalia , Forbes Andrew B , McKenzie Joanne E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives: The interrupted time series (ITS) design is commonly used to investigate the impact of an intervention or exposure in public health. There are many statistical methods that can be used to analyse ITS data and to meta-analyse their results. We undertook two empirical studies to investigate: i) how effect estimates (and associated statistics) compared when six statistical methods were applied to 190 real-world datasets; and ii) how meta-analysis effect estimates (and associated statistics) compared when the combinations of two ITS analysis methods and five meta-analysis methods were applied to 17 real-world meta-analyses including 283 ITS datasets. Here we present a curated repository of a subset of ITS datasets from these studies.
Data description: The repository includes 430 ITS datasets curated from the two empirical studies. The datasets are diverse in the populations, interruptions and outcomes examined, and are methodologically diverse in the outcome types, aggregation time intervals, number of timepoints and segments. Most of the datasets are from public health. For each dataset, we provide the outcome value at each timepoint and the segment (indicating different interruptions), along with characteristics of the dataset. This repository may be of value for future research of ITS studies, and as a source of examples of ITS for use in teaching.
Single-Source Pulsed Laser Deposited Perovskite Solar Cells with &gt;19% Efficiency
Authors: Soto-Montero Tatiana , Kralj Suzana , Azmi Randi , Reus Manuel A. , Solomon Junia S. , Cunha Daniel M. , Soltanpoor Wiria , Utomo Drajad Satrio , Ugur Esma , Vishal Badri , Ledinsky Martin , Müller-Buschbaum Peter , Babbe Finn , Lee Do Kyoung , Sutter-Fella Carolin M. , Aydin Erkan , De Wolf Stefaan , Morales-Masis Monica 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Single-source vapor deposition of metal halide perovskites has, to date, remained challenging due to the dissimilar volatilities of the perovskite precursors, limiting the controlled transfer of multiple elements at once. Here, we demonstrate that pulsed laser deposition (PLD) addresses the rate-control challenges of single-source evaporation, enabling solar cells with power conversion efficiencies above 19%. We combined dry mechanochemical synthesis and PLD to fabricate MA1-xFAxPbI3 and Cl-passivated MA1-xFAxPbI3 films from a single-source target. The films are grown onto hole-selective self-assembled monolayers, where first a thin PbI2-rich layer forms, leading to full perovskite conversion. Onto the perovskite, an oleylammonium iodide (OAmI) post-treatment is then applied to passivate its top surface by forming a 2D perovskite film. When incorporating PbCl2 in the target and OAmI-based 2D passivation, a remarkable 19.7% efficiency for p–i–n perovskite solar cells is achieved with enhanced device stability. This highlights the appeal of PLD to fully unlock the potential of single-source vapor-deposited perovskite towards low-cost and efficient photovoltaics.
scCompressSA: Dual-channel self-attention based deep autoencoder model for single-cell clustering by compressing static gene-gene interactions
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yu Ruochen , Xu Zeqi , Gao Wenhao , Jiang Mingfeng , Dai Qi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Deep neural networks including auto-encoders have been widely employed to mime cell type specific patterns from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. Single cell clustering has played an important role to explore the molecular mechanisms about cell differentiation and human diseases. Due to highly stochastic and noisy data, accurate detection of cell types is still challenged, especially for RNA-sequencing data from human beings.
Results: Using cross-correlation to capture gene-gene interactions, this study proposes the scCompressSA method to integrate static gene-gene interactions and gene expression dynamics with self-attention(SA) based coefficient compression(CC). This dual-channel self-attention CC block has been designed to automatically integrating topological features of scRNA-seq data. Furthermore, computational efficiency has been dramatically enhanced. The proposed scCompressSA method has boosted clustering accuracy in multiple benchmark scRNA-seq datasets by reconstructing input matrices.
Conclusion: Static gene-gene interactions have been used as topological features to boost detection performance in cell clustering tasks. For scCompressSA method, self-attention based CC block was effective to integrate topological features with existing temporal patterns underlying transcriptomic data.
Cost avoidance of pharmacist-led deprescribing using STOPPFrail for older adults in nursing homes
Authors: Hurley Eoin , Byrne Stephen , Walsh Elaine , Foley Tony , Woods Noel , Dalton Kieran 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: The Screening Tool of Older Persons Prescriptions in Frail adults with limited life expectancy (STOPPFrail) criteria aim to reduce inappropriate or unnecessary medications in frail older adults, which should minimise adverse drug events and additional healthcare expenditure. Little is known about the economic outcomes of applying these criteria as an intervention.
Aim: To evaluate cost avoidance associated with pharmacist-led application of STOPPFrail to frail older nursing home residents.
Method: Pharmacist-identified STOPPFrail-defined PIMs that were deprescribed by patients’ general practitioners were assigned a rating by a multidisciplinary panel, i.e. the probability of an adverse drug event occurring if the PIM was not deprescribed. The intervention’s net cost benefit and cost-benefit ratio were then determined by factoring in ADE cost avoidance (calculated from pADE ratings), direct cost savings (deprescribed medication costs and reimbursement fees), and healthcare professionals’ salaries.
Results: Of the 176 PIMs deprescribed across 69 patients, 65 PIMs (36.9%) were rated as having a medium or high probability of an adverse drug event occurring if not deprescribed. With €27,162 for direct cost savings, €61,336 for ADE cost avoidance, and €2,589 for healthcare professionals' salary costs, there was a net cost benefit of €85,909 overall. The cost-benefit ratio was 33.2:1 and remained positive in all scenarios in sensitivity analyses.
Conclusion: Pharmacist-led application of STOPPFrail to frail older nursing home residents is associated with significant cost avoidance. Wider implementation of pharmacist interventions in frail older nursing home residents should be considered to reduce PIMs and patient harm, alongside substantial cost savings for healthcare systems.
Assessing the Fracture Toughness of Zircaloy-4 Fuel Rod Cladding Tubes: Impact of Delayed Hydride Cracking
Authors: Francois Pierrick , Petit Tom , Auzoux Quentin , Boulch David Le , Nascimento Isabela Zarpellon , Besson Jacques 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Delayed Hydride Cracking (DHC) is a hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon that may potentially occur in Zircaloy-4 fuel claddings during dry storage conditions. An experimental procedure has been developed to measure the toughness of this material in the presence of DHC by allowing crack propagation through the thickness of a fuel cladding. Notched C-ring specimens, charged with 100 wppm of hydrogen, were used and pre-cracked by brittle fracture of a hydrided zone at the notch root at room temperature. The length of the pre-crack was measured on the fracture surface or cross-sections. Additionally, a finite element model was developed to determine the stress intensity factor as a function of the crack length for a given loading. Two types of tests were conducted independently to determine the fracture toughness with and without DHC, KIDHC and KIC, respectively: (i) constant load tests %after a thermal cycle at 150°C, 200°C, and 250°C; (ii) monotonic tests at 25°C, 200°C, and 250°C. The results indicate the following: (1) there is no temperature influence on the DHC toughness of Zircaloy-4 between 150 and 250°C (KIDHC ∈ [7.2;9.2] MPa.m1/2), (2) within this temperature range, the fracture toughness of Zircaloy-4 is halved by DHC (KIC ∈ [16.9;19.7] MPa.m1/2), (3) the crack propagation rate decreases with decreasing temperature and (4) the time before crack propagation increases as the temperature and loading decrease.
Sanitary conditions of the third largest informal settlement in Brazil
Authors: Castro Fernando Augusto Braga , Salomão André Luís de Sá , Netto Alena Torres 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Large Brazilian cities, such as Rio de Janeiro, suffer serious environmental problems caused by informal settlements (IS), such as advances in the degradation of surface waters involving anthropic pressures resulting from uncontrolled urban growth, lack of sanitation or disasters related to climate events, creating a gap in relevant information about environmental health in urban IS. Therefore, it is essential to assess the health conditions of IS and the local population's perception of their living conditions. This study aimed to evaluate, by online form and public data, the sanitary conditions of the third largest IS in Brazil, the Rio das Pedras community, which was located on the banks of the Jacarepaguá Lagoon complex. The analysis revealed that 35% of respondents reported releasing domestic sewage directly into the river near their homes. Furthermore, 83% of the participants reported that they disposed of urban solid waste inappropriately. About 21% of residents reported falling ill due to direct contact with unsafe water after flood events. Public managers, concerned with advancing sustainability agendas and mitigating the risks to environmental health related to the lack of adequate sanitation services, should invest in actions that reflect the perception of the local population, proposing more appropriate socio-environmental solutions.
Management of surface flow allocation in rice cultivation by maximization of water use and economic efficiency
Authors: Chen Zhenghui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The multi-objective genetic algorithm was used as a decision variable to estimate the water required for irrigation in each of the growth stages. Agricultural costs and product sales prices in the agricultural year 2017–2023 in Luoyang Plain and its surrounding areas were collected for this purpose. Optimal irrigation strategies according to different water price scenarios were considered to calculate water use efficiency and net profit. In the conditions of optimal distribution, the amount of allocated water was 7,809, 2,928, 3,904, and 1,789 m3/ha for the stages of vegetative growth, flowering, crop formation, and ripening by the proposed model. On the other hand, it is necessary to reduce water stress in the periods of clustering and seed filling to increase crop yield and net income, as well as to achieve the desired irrigation schedule. Effective rainfall, especially in the ripening stage of the crop, can be considered to determine the optimal volume of water harvesting from the river. In addition, the results showed that by reducing the amount of available water, the water model allocated to leaf greening and tillering stages decreases.
AI-based intelligent virtual image meteorological services
Authors: Guo Fang , Xu Yang , Li Yaping , Guo Ling 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Although modern meteorological service and prediction systems have achieved good applications in numerical models, these models are often influenced by multiple random factors and cannot adapt well to the meteorological service and prediction needs of complex climate regions. Therefore, this article aims to designing an AI intelligent meteorological service platform to simulate what happens when people use it. Based on commonly used AI technologies in meteorological research, the temporal data algorithm mentioned in this article is used for prediction. This article selected the actual daily average water vapor pressure and daily average relative humidity data of three meteorological stations over the past 10 days for analysis. The maximum and minimum values of the actual daily average water vapor pressure in the 10 days of San Jose are 30.2 and 28.1 Pa, respectively, the maximum and minimum values of the actual daily average vapor pressure over 10 days of Cupertino are 30.4 and 28.4 Pa, respectively, and the maximum and minimum values of the actual daily average vapor pressure over 10 days of Santa Clara are 30.5 and 28.4 Pa, respectively, which can prove the effectiveness of AI-based intelligent virtual imaging meteorological services.
Formation of a healthy lifestyle as a tool to reduce the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases
Authors: Kostin F. N. 
Published: December 2023

Relevance. The formation of a healthy lifestyle is an important task facing not only the healthcare system, but also the state as a whole. Therefore, monitoring of risk factors and the attitude of the population to a healthy lifestyle is necessary for strategic decisions.The purpose of the study – assessment of the awareness of the population of Moscow about the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle for the prevention of the development of chronic non-communicable diseases.Materials and methods. A survey of 100 people (50 men and 50 women) aged 20 to 60 years was conducted. The attitude of the population to a healthy lifestyle, alcohol and tobacco use, the frequency of sports, resistance to stressful situations, as well as to periodic medical examinations were evaluated.Results. The data of the survey, as well as the growing incidence, confirm the irresponsible attitude of the population to their health, as well as the identification of risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases in a large number of patients.Conclusions. To form a unified preventive environment, it is necessary to improve the quality of the environment, working conditions, the availability of food of proper quality, income levels, housing conditions, as well as to develop urban infrastructure. It is also important to understand that in addition to the participation of all branches of the state in the formation of preventive medicine, it is necessary to instill in the population the need to take care of their own health independently. Rational nutrition, physical activity (walking, running, sports), restriction of alcohol and tobacco use, create a healthy behavior model and, as a result, reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases.
Inflammation and Stem Cell Stochasticity of HPV-induced Cervical
Cancer: Epigenetics based Biomarkers through Microbiome and
Metabolome for Personalized Medicine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zheng Yufei , Liu Junqi , Beeraka Narasimha Murthy , Manogaran Prasath , Ramachandrappa Hemanth Vikram Poola , Yarramsetty Naga Lakshmi Durga , Suhail Shaik Mohammed , Pradeepkumar Bhupalam , Sinelnikov Mikhail Y. , Venkata Greeshma Mandya , Anand Mahesh Padukudru , Mandya Parashivamurthy Namratha , Bannimath Gurupadayya , Zhao Jie , Fan Ruitai 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Chemoresistance by stemness in HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis
has significant implications for the overall disease-specific survival of the patients. To date, there
are no reports related to the implications of significant aspects of inflammation and microbiome--
mediated epigenetics in cervical cancers.

Objective:
The current systematic review delineates the significant aspects of the inflammation-related
pathophysiology, cervical cancer diagnosis based on the HPV-indued stemness, and microbiome-
mediated epigenetic markers to develop personalized therapies to target the stemness-acquired
indefinitely dividing cancer stem cells.

Methods:
We performed a systematic review without a meta- analysis. We searched several
public databases, such as Pubmed, ReleMed, National Library of Medicine, and Scopus, related to
inflammation, metabolomics, microbiome-mediated epigenetic markers, and HPV-induced stemness.

Results and Conclusion:
The review significantly described the correlation between microbial inflammation
and stem cell stochasticity of HPV-Induced cervical cancer and the expression of epigenetics-
based biomarkers through microbiome and metabolome to foster the cervical cancer progression.
These are major risk factors that can cause cervical dysplasia with substantial therapy resistance
in cervical cancer patients. The qualitative and quantitative examination of the spatial transcriptomic
expression of these stemness markers in the dividing cervical cancer stem cells has significant
implications in the clinical sector to develop early personalized medicine to prevent cervical
precancerous lesions depending on the prognosis of the cervical cancer patients. Mainly, the
combinatorial regimen of current therapeutic modalities, along with microbiome-related therapies
with future landscape of epigenetics-modulated therapies, may enhance overall disease-specific
survival by modulating the stochastic dynamics of basal epithelial cells across the cervical region.
Lipids: A Major Culprit in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Beniwal Ankita , Jain Jasmine Chaudhary , Jain Akash 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
The pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is too complex and involves a variety
of pathways and mediators. Hyperglycaemia and dyslipidemia are identified as major risk
factors for diabetic nephropathy. Various studies revealed the fact that dyslipidemia is a major
contributor to the process of diabetic nephropathy. Dyslipidemia refers to abnormal lipid levels.
Lipids like LDL, free fatty acids, abnormal lipoproteins, ceramides, etc., are unsafe for kidneys.
They target proximal tubular epithelial cells, podocytes, and tubulointerstitial tissues through biochemical
changes, especially by enhancing the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and
lipid peroxidation, endorsing tissue inflammation and mitochondrial damage, which give rise to
nephropathy. Major lipid targets identified are SREBP1, LXR, FXR PPAR, CD-36, PKc,
AGE/RAGE pathway, and ferroptosis. The drug acting on these targets has shown improvement
in DN patients. Various preclinical and clinical studies support the fact that hyperlipidemic
agents are promising targets for DN. Therefore, in conjunction with other standard therapies,
drugs acting on dyslipidemia can be added as a part of the regimen in order to prevent the incidence
of ESRD and CVD.