bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropocene Impacts on Marine Fishers: South Odisha Coast, India
Authors: Mishra Siba Prasad , Mohapatra Saswat 
Published: February 2024

This work envisages reporting, detailing, and analyzing the fisher's villages and the fisher's community along the South Odisha coast extending from the Konark (Puri) to Sonapur (Ganjam). The hardworking fisher’s community residing in shanty clusters are economically, politically and socially disadvantaged. They face the challenges of devastating floods, droughts, erosions, high waves, and cyclones consequential in low catch, resulting in migration or marginalization.
The silent combat between orthodox fishing practices and the modern method of synthetic boats/nets has challenged their livelihood, catch, and resources. About 27 coastal villages were surveyed. The primary data are gathered through questionnaires, interactions and focused group discussions by sampling methods. The secondary latest data is collected from electronic resources, and past literature was analyzed,
The lack of infrastructure, and plastic fishing crafts, banned during mass nesting put the fishers in poverty. The unhealthy living conditions, low economy settings, and non-application of IoT lack of circular economy worsen the setting. Illiteracy, gender parity, nonadaptation of technology and language problems mechanization of fishing art, modernization, societal innovations and the financial assistance for the ban period and adaptation of circular economy, adaptation of sustainability measures can improve their social status.
Design and Construction of a System for Measuring Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen and Methane Concentrations in a Co-Current Downdraft Biomass Gasifier
Authors: Ousmane Zoundi , Fidele Nzihou Jean , Salou Hamidou , Frederic Ouattara , Gerard Segda Bila 
Published: February 2024

Gasification is the process of producing combustible gases from solid materials such as coal, biomass or solid waste. The laboratory of Space Physics and Energy has two experimental gasifiers producing synthetic gases whose natures and concentrations must be determined. To do this, lower-cost sensors were purchased and used for determining the concentration of carbon monoxide with maximum concentration of 1.000 and 2.000 ppm. Hydrogen and methane concentration was not offered by these two commercial gas analyzers. In this paper Metal-Oxide gas sensors were used to extend the measurement range of carbon monoxide up to 4.000ppm. Hydrogen and methane concentrations up to 10.000ppm in synthetic gas produced by a wood fired co-current downdraft gasifier measurements were also enabled. These sensors have a chemical sensing element based on a layer of tin dioxide (SnO2); whose resistivity is sensitive to nature of the gas between two sensing electrodes. This property gives these sensors a resistive electrical model whose measurand is the concentration of the input gas. This study shows that resistor R of the sensor is related to the gas concentration with an equation of the form: log(R/R0) = A log (x) +B. With A= -0.3072, B = 0.921 for methane, A= -0.6527, B=1.3055 for carbon dioxide and A= -1.522, B = 4.5686 for hydrogen.
Kabuki syndrome: Clinical data in 20 patients, literature review, and further guidelines for preventive management
Authors: Schrander‐Stumpel Constance Th.R.M. , Spruyt Liesbeth , Curfs Leopold M.G. , Defloor Truus , Schrander Jaap J.P. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe Kabuki syndrome, or Niikawa–Kuroki syndrome, is a clinically recognizable syndrome of unknown etiology. Clinical findings include early hypotonia, joint laxity, developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, persistent fetal fingertip pads, cleft palate, hypodontia, lip nodules, heart defects, and a variety of other structural defects. Behavior in general is social and pleasant. In collaboration with the Dutch Kabuki Network, we evaluated the medical data of 20 individuals diagnosed with the syndrome and compared them with data from the literature. In our literature review we used convincing cases only. Frequent findings in the oral region are under‐reported in the literature: apart from the cleft palate (in about 50%), hypodontia with predominantly absence of the upper lateral incisors, and a full lower lip with symmetrical nodules, or (in a minority) lip‐pits are frequent findings. Also under‐reported is the presence of a thickened nuchal fold during pregnancy and hydrops in the neonatal period. Clinical recognition in the neonate is difficult. Towards early puberty acute and serious weight excess has been experienced. We suggest that a cytogenetic abnormality should be ruled out in all cases. We provide further guidelines for preventive management. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Wild capuchin monkeys (Cebus libidinosus) use anvils and stone pounding tools
Authors: Fragaszy Dorothy , Izar Patrícia , Visalberghi Elisabetta , Ottoni Eduardo B. , de Oliveira Marino Gomes 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe conducted an exploratory investigation in an area where nut‐cracking by wild capuchin monkeys is common knowledge among local residents. In addition to observing male and female capuchin monkeys using stones to pound open nuts on stone “anvils,” we surveyed the surrounding area and found physical evidence that monkeys cracked nuts on rock outcrops, boulders, and logs (collectively termed anvils). Anvils, which were identified by numerous shallow depressions on the upper surface, the presence of palm shells and debris, and the presence of loose stones of an appropriate size to pound nuts, were present even on the tops of mesas. The stones used to crack nuts can weigh >1 kg, and are remarkably heavy for monkeys that weigh <4 kg. The abundance of shell remains and depressions in the anvil surface at numerous anvil sites indicate that nut‐cracking activity is common and long‐enduring. Many of the stones found on anvils (presumably used to pound nuts) are river pebbles that are not present in the local area we surveyed (except on or near the anvils); therefore, we surmise that they were transported to the anvil sites. Ecologically and behaviorally, nut‐cracking by capuchins appears to have strong parallels to nut‐cracking by wild chimpanzees. The presence of abundant anvil sites, limited alternative food resources, abundance of palms, and the habit of the palms in this region to produce fruit at ground level all likely contribute to the monkeys' routine exploitation of palm nuts via cracking them with stones. This discovery provides a new reference point for discussions regarding the evolution of tool use and material culture in primates. Routine tool use to exploit keystone food resources is not restricted to living great apes and ancestral hominids. Am. J. Primatol. 64:359–366, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of gesture sequences in chimpanzees
Authors: Liebal Katja , Call Josep , Tomasello Michael 
Published: December 2004

AbstractGestural communication in a group of 19 captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) was observed, with particular attention paid to gesture sequences (combinations). A complete inventory of gesture sequences is reported. The majority of these sequences were repetitions of the same gestures, which were often tactile gestures and often occurred in play contexts. Other sequences combined gestures within a modality (visual, auditory, or tactile) or across modalities. The emergence of gesture sequences was ascribed to a recipient's lack of responsiveness rather than a premeditated combination of gestures to increase the efficiency of particular gestures. In terms of audience effects, the chimpanzees were sensitive to the attentional state of the recipient, and therefore used visually‐based gestures mostly when others were already attending, as opposed to tactile gestures, which were used regardless of whether the recipient was attending or not. However, the chimpanzees did not use gesture sequences in which the first gesture served to attract the recipient's visual attention before they produced a second gesture that was visually‐based. Instead, they used other strategies, such as locomoting in front of the recipient, before they produced a visually‐based gesture. Am. J. Primatol. 64:377–396, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sex differences in sexual partner acquisition, retention, and harassment during female homosexual consortships in Japanese macaques
Authors: Vasey Paul L. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFemale Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in certain populations are unusual in that they exhibit male‐typical patterns of mounting behavior and sexual‐partner preference. The goal of this study was to determine whether female Japanese macaques, from one such population, employ male‐typical behavioral tactics to disrupt existing homosexual consortships, as well as to acquire and retain same‐sex sexual partners. “Harassment” of homosexual consortships occurred when a sexually motivated, third‐party male or female interrupted a consorting female couple by displacing or aggressing them. Sexual harassment was a male‐typical strategy for disrupting existing homosexual consortships, but was rarely performed by females. “Intrusions” occurred when a male or female competitor attempted to acquire exclusive access to a female engaged in a homosexual consortship by targeting that female as the focus of competition and her partner as his/her competitor. “Sexual coercion” occurred when one individual alternately sexually solicited and aggressed another individual as part of the same behavioral sequence during an intrusion. Males employed consortship intrusions and sexual coercion when they attempted to acquire female sexual partners that were already engaged in homosexual consortships, but females rarely did so. However, females did employ male‐typical patterns of aggressive competition and sexual coercion to retain same‐sex sexual partners when confronted with male competitors' attempts to usurp those partners. These results indicate that female sexual activity during homosexual consortships is not uniformly “masculine” in expression, but rather is a mixture of male‐ and female‐typical behaviors. Am. J. Primatol. 64:397–409, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A review of measurements of radionuclides in members of the public in the UK
Authors: Hodgson S A , Ham G J , Youngman M J , Etherington G , Stradling G N 
Published: December 2004

This paper summarises a comprehensive review of radio-analytical data from autopsy, whole or partial body monitoring and the assay of teeth, foetuses and urine for non-occupationally exposed members of the public in the UK between 1957 and 2003. Most attention has been given to measurements of artificial radionuclides formed in the nuclear fuel cycle, uranium and thorium.The review concentrates on measurements on people in the UK who live or have lived in the vicinity of nuclear power sites. When UK data are unavailable, or for the purposes of comparison, information has been included from studies in other countries.Highlights of key findings of the document are listed:The concentrations of strontium-90 in bone and teeth have reflected changes in the amounts present in the environment due to fallout from nuclear testing.There are higher concentration levels of239+240Pu in samples from West Cumbria compared with the rest of the UK. However, the levels are so low that any increase in risk of induced skeletal tumours (including leukaemia) would be very small compared with those arising from the intake of natural radionuclides.As expected there have been only a few published autopsy studies. Both tissue sample mass and radionuclide concentrations were low, leading to relatively large measurement uncertainties.Whole body measurements of137Cs in residents in Berkshire and Oxfordshire clearly show the effect of atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons and of the Chernobyl accident.A survey of whole body137Cs and134Cs content following the Chernobyl accident showed that residents of Central Scotland, North-West England and North Wales had twice the radiocaesium content of residents in the rest of England and Wales.Measurements of131I in the thyroid have been reported following the accidents at Windscale and Chernobyl for most regions of the UK.Few excretion studies have been reported although this does not diminish their importance. One study on the urinary excretion rate of90Sr in adults and children living in the Dounreay area suggested that the results did not support this radionuclide as being the cause of increased childhood leukaemia. Similar conclusions were drawn from another study involving the assay of239Pu.It is suggested that a national database of measurements made on members of the public should be initiated. The database would provide a means for identifying future trends.
Characterization and Expression Analysis of a Serine Acetyltransferase Gene Family Involved in a Key Step of the Sulfur Assimilation Pathway in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kawashima Cintia Goulart , Berkowitz Oliver , Hell Ruediger , Noji Masaaki , Saito Kazuki 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
Ser acetyltransferase (SATase; EC 2.3.1.30) catalyzes the formation of O-acetyl-Ser from l-Ser and acetyl-CoA, leading to synthesis of Cys. According to its position at the decisive junction of the pathways of sulfur assimilation and amino acid metabolism, SATases are subject to regulatory mechanisms to control the flux of Cys synthesis. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) there are five genes encoding SATase-like proteins. Two isoforms, Serat3;1 and Serat3;2, were characterized with respect to their enzymatic properties, feedback inhibition by l-Cys, and subcellular localization. Functional identity of Serat3;1 and Serat3;2 was established by complementation of a SATase-deficient mutant of Escherichia coli. Cytosolic localization of Serat3;1 and Serat3;2 was confirmed by using fusion construct with the green fluorescent protein. Recombinant Serat3;1 was not inhibited by l-Cys, while Serat3;2 was a strongly feedback-inhibited isoform. Quantification of expression patterns indicated that Serat2;1 is the dominant form expressed in most tissues examined, followed by Serat1;1 and Serat2;2. Although Serat3;1 and Serat3;2 were expressed weakly in most tissues, Serat3;2 expression was significantly induced under sulfur deficiency and cadmium stress as well as during generative developmental stages, implying that Serat3;1 and Serat3;2 have specific roles when plants are subjected to distinct conditions. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing the green fluorescent protein under the control of the five promoters indicated that, in all Serat genes, the expression was predominantly localized in the vascular system, notably in the phloem. These results demonstrate that Arabidopsis employs a complex array of compartment-specific SATase isoforms with distinct enzymatic properties and expression patterns to ensure the provision of Cys in response to developmental and environmental changes.
Molecular Bases for Sensitivity to Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Inhibitors in Black-Grass
Authors: Délye Christophe , Zhang Xiao-Qi , Michel Séverine , Matéjicek Annick , Powles Stephen B. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
In grasses, residues homologous to residues Ile-1,781 and Ile-2,041 in the carboxyl-transferase (CT) domain of the chloroplastic acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase (ACCase) from the grass weed black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides [Huds.]) are critical determinants for sensitivity to two classes of ACCase inhibitors, aryloxyphenoxypropionates (APPs) and cyclohexanediones. Using natural mutants of black-grass, we demonstrated through a molecular, biological, and biochemical approach that residues Trp-2,027, Asp-2,078, and Gly-2,096 are also involved in sensitivity to ACCase inhibitors. In addition, residues Trp-2,027 and Asp-2,078 are very likely involved in CT activity. Using three-dimensional modeling, we found that the side chains of the five residues are adjacent, located at the surface of the inside of the cavity of the CT active site, in the vicinity of the binding site for APPs. Residues 1,781 and 2,078 are involved in sensitivity to both APPs and cyclohexanediones, whereas residues 2,027, 2,041, and 2,096 are involved in sensitivity to APPs only. This suggests that the binding sites for these two classes of compounds are overlapping, although distinct. Comparison of three-dimensional models for black-grass wild-type and mutant CTs and for CTs from organisms with contrasted sensitivity to ACCase inhibitors suggested that inhibitors fitting into the cavity of the CT active site of the chloroplastic ACCase from grasses to reach their active sites may be tight. The three-dimensional shape of this cavity is thus likely of high importance for the efficacy of ACCase inhibitors.
The Role of the Cell Cycle Machinery in Resumption of Postembryonic Development
Authors: Barrôco Rosa Maria , Van Poucke Kris , Bergervoet Jan H.W. , De Veylder Lieven , Groot Steven P.C. , Inzé Dirk , Engler Gilbert 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
Cell cycle activity is required for plant growth and development, but its involvement in the early events that initiate seedling development remains to be clarified. We performed experiments aimed at understanding when cell cycle progression is activated during seed germination, and what its contribution is for proper seedling establishment. To this end, the spatial and temporal expression profiles of a large set of cell cycle control genes in germinating seeds of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and white cabbage (Brassica oleracea) were analyzed. The in vivo behavior of the microtubular cytoskeleton was monitored during Arabidopsis seed germination. Flow cytometry of Arabidopsis germinating seeds indicated that DNA replication was mainly initiated at the onset of root protrusion, when germination reached its end. Expression analysis of cell cycle genes with mRNA in situ localization, β-glucuronidase assays, and semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that transcription of most cell cycle genes was detected only after completion of germination. In vivo green fluorescent protein analysis of the microtubule cytoskeleton demonstrated that mitosis-specific microtubule arrays occurred only when the radicle had started to protrude, although the assembly of the microtubular cytoskeleton was promptly activated once germination was initiated. Thus, seed germination involves the synthesis and/or activation of a reduced number of core cell cycle proteins, which only trigger DNA replication, but is not sufficient to drive cells into mitosis. Mitotic divisions are observed only after the radicle has protruded and presumably rely on the de novo production of other cell cycle regulators.
The Role of Δ1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Dehydrogenase in Proline Degradation[W]
Authors: Deuschle Karen , Funck Dietmar , Forlani Giuseppe , Stransky Harald , Biehl Alexander , Leister Dario , van der Graaff Eric , Kunze Reinhard , Frommer Wolf B. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn response to stress, plants accumulate Pro, requiring degradation after release from adverse conditions. Δ1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH), the second enzyme for Pro degradation, is encoded by a single gene expressed ubiquitously. To study the physiological function of P5CDH, T-DNA insertion mutants in AtP5CDH were isolated and characterized. Although Pro degradation was undetectable in p5cdh mutants, neither increased Pro levels nor an altered growth phenotype were observed under normal conditions. Thus AtP5CDH is essential for Pro degradation but not required for vegetative plant growth. External Pro application caused programmed cell death, with callose deposition, reactive oxygen species production, and DNA laddering, involving a salicylic acid signal transduction pathway. p5cdh mutants were hypersensitive toward Pro and other molecules producing P5C, such as Arg and Orn. Pro levels were the same in the wild type and mutants, but P5C was detectable only in p5cdh mutants, indicating that P5C accumulation may be the cause for Pro hypersensitivity. Accordingly, overexpression of AtP5CDH resulted in decreased sensitivity to externally supplied Pro. Thus, Pro and P5C/Glu semialdehyde may serve as a link between stress responses and cell death.
Encounters between Dynamic Cortical Microtubules Promote Ordering of the Cortical Array through Angle-Dependent Modifications of Microtubule Behavior[W]
Authors: Dixit Ram , Cyr Richard 
Published: December 2004

AbstractOrdered cortical microtubule arrays are essential for normal plant morphogenesis, but how these arrays form is unclear. The dynamics of individual cortical microtubules are stochastic and cannot fully account for the observed order; however, using tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells expressing either the MBD-DsRed (microtubule binding domain of the mammalian MAP4 fused to the Discosoma sp red fluorescent protein) or YFP-TUA6 (yellow fluorescent protein fused to the Arabidopsis α-tubulin 6 isoform) microtubule markers, we identified intermicrotubule interactions that modify their stochastic behaviors. The intermicrotubule interactions occur when the growing plus-ends of cortical microtubules encounter previously existing cortical microtubules. Importantly, the outcome of such encounters depends on the angle at which they occur: steep-angle collisions are characterized by approximately sevenfold shorter microtubule contact times compared with shallow-angle encounters, and steep-angle collisions are twice as likely to result in microtubule depolymerization. Hence, steep-angle collisions promote microtubule destabilization, whereas shallow-angle encounters promote both microtubule stabilization and coalignment. Monte Carlo modeling of the behavior of simulated microtubules, according to the observed behavior of transverse and longitudinally oriented cortical microtubules in cells, reveals that these simple rules for intermicrotubule interactions are necessary and sufficient to facilitate the self-organization of dynamic microtubules into a parallel configuration.
The Vegetative Vacuole Proteome ofArabidopsis thalianaReveals Predicted and Unexpected Proteins[W]
Authors: Carter Clay , Pan Songqin , Zouhar Jan , Avila Emily L. , Girke Thomas , Raikhel Natasha V. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractVacuoles play central roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. To better understand vacuole function and biogenesis we have characterized the vegetative vacuolar proteome from Arabidopsis thaliana. Vacuoles were isolated from protoplasts derived from rosette leaf tissue. Total purified vacuolar proteins were then subjected either to multidimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry or to one-dimensional SDS-PAGE coupled with nano-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC MS/MS). To ensure maximum coverage of the proteome, a tonoplast-enriched fraction was also analyzed separately by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE followed by nano-LC MS/MS. Cumulatively, 402 proteins were identified. The sensitivity of our analyses is indicated by the high coverage of membrane proteins. Eleven of the twelve known vacuolar-ATPase subunits were identified. Here, we present evidence of four tonoplast-localized soluble N-ethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), representing each of the four groups of SNARE proteins necessary for membrane fusion. In addition, potential cargo of the N- and C-terminal propeptide sorting pathways, association of the vacuole with the cytoskeleton, and the vacuolar localization of 89 proteins of unknown function are identified. A detailed analysis of these proteins and their roles in vacuole function and biogenesis is presented.