bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of self-paced sprint interval training and low-volume HIIT on cardiorespiratory fitness: the role of heart rate and power output
Authors: Hesketh Katie L. , Shepherd Sam O. , Wagenmakers Anton J. M. , Cocks Matthew , Strauss Juliette A. 
Published: February 2025

AimThe primary aim was to assess the efficacy of self-paced sprint interval training (SIT) with low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) when performed without encouragement on improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). A secondary aim was to explore whether the effort exerted during protocols [power output (PO) and heart rate (HR)] influenced the change in CRF.MethodsIn a randomised cross-over design, 82 previously inactive adults (m/f: 26/56, 28 ± 10 years, BMI 25 ± 3 kg m−2) undertook 6-weeks of self-paced SIT (4–8 × 30 s with 120 s recovery) or LV-HIIT (6–10 × 1 min with 1 min recovery) separated by a 4-week washout period. Sessions were completed 3×/week using WattBikes, and a target of &gt;80% HRmax was suggested during the intervals. Markers of cardio-metabolic health were assessed before and after each intervention.ResultsTraining increased VO2peak (SIT +3.1 ± 0.4 mL kg−1 min−1, LV-HIIT +2.7 ± 1.2 mL kg−1 min−1, P &lt; 0.001) and decreased body fat % (P = 0.002), aortic pulse wave velocity (P = 0.002) and glucose tolerance 120 min following an oral glucose tolerance test (P = 0.024), with no difference between protocols (P &gt; 0.05). When grouping participants into tertiles based on HR and PO responses (n = 27), those achieving a low HR had similar changes in VO2peak compared to the high HR group in both interventions (P &gt; 0.05). For LV-HIIT, participants in the highest tertile for peak PO had a greater change in VO2peak compared to all other participants (Low 1.8 ± 4.1 mL kg−1 min−1, Medium 1.9 ± 3.3 mL kg−1 min−1, High 4.3 ± 3.6 ml kg−1 min−1, P = 0.020).DiscussionSix-weeks of self-paced SIT and LV-HIIT induce comparable improvements in CRF, body composition, arterial stiffness and glucose tolerance. Importantly, higher HR did not elicit superior changes in CRF, but PO achieved during LV-HIIT may influence improvements.
The association between perceived social support and self-management behaviors in adolescents and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease: the chain mediating role of basic psychological needs and anxiety/depression
Authors: Zhu Yangfan , Chen Yueyue , Tang Yuman , Zhang Xin , Shen Qiao , Li Fei , Wang Hao , Zheng Xianlan 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing, with adolescents and young adults being the peak age of onset. Self-management behaviors were demonstrated to enhance remission and quality of life, yet the mechanisms influencing self-management behaviors remained under-explored. Perceived social support is crucial to self-management behaviors, alongside the roles of basic psychological needs, anxiety, and depression.MethodsWe conducted a two-center cross-sectional survey in China from July to August 2024 via convenience and snowball sampling to investigate how these variables influence self-management behaviors. Data were collected utilizing the structured self-report questionnaires. Mediating effects were analyzed using the bootstrap method.ResultsA total of 183 adolescents and young adults with IBD (male: 71.58%), aged 13 to 24 years old (M = 20.33, SD = 3.03), were included in the analysis. The research findings include the following points: (1) perceived social support positively predicted self-management behaviors (β = 0.767, P &lt; 0.001); (2) perceived social support affected self-management behaviors through chain mediation involving basic psychological needs and anxiety/depression.ConclusionClinical practitioners should enhance social support for adolescents and young adults with IBD and improve their perceptions of such support, fulfill basic psychological needs, and alleviate anxiety and depression to promote effective self-management behaviors.
The impact of emotional abuse on Internet addiction in Chinese children: the sequential mediation roles of emotional dysregulation and regulatory emotional self-efficacy
Authors: Liu Wang , Huang Jie , Li Yu-Ling , Gao Xiang , Xu Zi-Yi , Li Yong-Hui 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundIn China, emotional abuse and Internet addiction are increasingly prevalent among children, with significant negative effects on their development. Previous research has identified childhood emotional abuse as a major risk factor for Internet addiction in both adolescents and adults. However, the immediate impact of emotional abuse on children’s Internet addiction within Chinese culture remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the impact of emotional abuse on Internet addiction through emotional dysregulation and regulatory emotional self-efficacy in Chinese children.MethodsA sample of 556 fourth to sixth grade primary school students (girls, 46.6%) with an average age of 10.30 ± 0.93 years were recruited from a central province in China. Participants completed the paper-and-pencil survey on emotional abuse, emotional dysregulation, regulatory emotional self-efficacy, and Internet addiction. The hypothesized model was tested using Mplus 8.3 with 5,000 bootstrap samples.ResultsEmotional abuse positively predicts Internet addiction in children; emotional dysregulation and regulatory emotional self-efficacy mediate this relationship independently, and have chain-mediating effects in this relationship.ConclusionEmotional abuse impacts children’s Internet addiction through the development of emotional regulation and self-perception of their abilities in emotional regulation. The findings offer potential strategies for preventing children’s Internet addiction.
A transdiagnostic approach to investigate of the relationships between anxiety sensitivity and health anxiety: the mediated roles of distress tolerance and emotion regulation
Authors: Mohsenabadi Hamid , Pirmoradi Mohammadreza , Zahedi Tajrishi Komeil , Gharraee Banafsheh 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundEmotion regulation (ER) and distress tolerance (DT) are considered transdiagnostic risk factors for a range of anxiety disorders. This study investigated the relationship between anxiety sensitivity (AS) and health anxiety (HA) in the general population, focusing on the mediating roles of DT and ER.MethodsThe study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey from October to December 2023 in Tehran Province, Iran. A total of 971 individuals participated in this study (52.8% female; mean age 39.04 years, SD=10.64). Participants completed self-report questionnaires to assess HA (The Short Health Anxiety Inventory), AS (The Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3), DT (The 15-item Distress Tolerance Scale) and ER (The 10-item Emotion Regulation Questionnaire). We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the hypothesis that DT and ER would mediate the relationship between AS and the HA.ResultsAS was modestly related to all measures (r from -0.40 to 0.55). According to the SEM analysis, AS (β = 0.45, 95%CI [0.34, 0.56]) had a significant direct effect on HA. However, the analysis of the indirect effects revealed that both DT (β = 0.10, 95% CI [0.06, 0.16]) and emotion regulation strategies—cognitive reappraisal (β = 0.06, 95% CI [0.01, 0.11]) and expressive suppression (β = 0.11, 95% CI [0.06, 0.18])—act as partial mediators in the relationship between AS and HA.ConclusionsAS plays a crucial role in predisposing individuals to HA. The mediating roles of DT and ER provide insight into the link between AS and HA. Nevertheless, the study’s cross-sectional design and reliance on a non-clinical sample limit the applicability of the results. Further research involving different samples and intervention studies is needed to validate and expand upon these findings.
Healthcare assessment tools—a valid source of data for pre-hospital care? Usability for ensuring medical care in the event of a disaster
Authors: Konrad Robert , Schuster Denise , Heppner HJ 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionProviding care for vulnerable population groups in the event of a disaster or evacuation is in the interests of those affected, of local authorities, health insurance companies, other insurance companies and the responsible authorities and organizations with security tasks (BOS). Evacuation and supply planning is currently mostly carried out using regionally or locally adapted so-called “isolated or individual solutions” or by means of an individual, time-consuming and usually manual and direct personal data query. Can existing medical health data from healthcare assessment tools provide valid information for the planning of care and care needs in disaster and civil protection?MethodsResearch and analysis of suitable and regularly used care assessment tools in the care sector in Germany.ResultsThe healthcare assessment tools cannot be simply combined. Without adaptation they cannot be used at all or only after concerted efforts to interpret the needs for the care of vulnerable groups in a non-clinical context.DiscussionAn improved use of individual medical data in disaster and civil protection offers many advantages in prevention, diagnostics, therapy and care in the context of disaster medicine, and not only from an ethical point of view. Due to the different tactical procedures and care strategies in disaster medicine, the field of acute care must be clearly separated from the area of evacuation and care of vulnerable groups. Currently, only the German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr) offer an internally secured infrastructure that allows all those involved in the care of soldiers to access all important medical data quickly and easily from any location.
Exploring body mass index and gender-based self-esteem differences in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Algamdi Maaidah 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSelf-esteem (SE) and obesity have been associated in various studies. This study investigates this relationship among adults in Saudi Arabia. The objectives of this study are to investigate the relationships between SE and body mass index (BMI) and to examine the interactions between sociodemographic-related factors.MethodsWe designed a cross-sectional study using an online survey that included sociodemographics, a BMI measure, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.ResultsLevels of SE did not change substantially between the various age groups, as indicated by the Chi-Square test X2 (12, N = 332, = 5.278, p-value = 0.948). The results for males reveal that there is a variation in the levels of SE across the different BMI categories. This suggests that the BMI categories have a major influence on the levels of SE among males. In both genders, the results indicate a negative association between variables, with a higher BMI being associated with a lower level of SE. The significance of this association stands for both genders (p-value &lt;0.001). For males, the association has a greater influence (Estimate = −0.110, p-value &lt;0.001) than it does for females (Estimate = −0.099, p-value &lt;0.001). In females, the negative link is larger for education (−0.273) and highly impactful (p-value &lt;0.001) in comparison to men (Estimate = −0.157, p-value &lt;0.001). Higher education levels are associated with a lower BMI (p-value = 0.018). For men, the indirect effects show that education (Estimate = 0.0173*) and marital status (Estimate = −0.0405*) significantly influence SE, with other factors mediating these effects. Both genders experience significant and detrimental impacts from BMI on SE, with males experiencing a more pronounced impact. There are considerable disparities in the ways in which these parameters impact SE in both genders, as revealed by the comparisons of the nested models.ConclusionThere is a negative correlation between BMI and SE in both genders, with a more pronounced impact in men. Gender-specific differences in the relationship between BMI and SE underscore the importance of considering distinct pathways for males and females in future analyses.
Effects of physical exercise in reducing caregivers burden: a systematic review
Authors: Cardoso Carla , Lumini Maria José , Martins Teresa 
Published: February 2025

Background and aimCaring for someone can be physically and psychologically demanding, predisposing caregivers to muscle injuries, fatigue, exhaustion, depression, anxiety, and burnout. The literature suggests several approaches to reducing caregiver burden, one of which is physical exercise. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effectiveness of exercise-based programs or muscle relaxation in reducing caregiver burden and stress among family caregivers.MethodA systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in the Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases and through the EBSCOhost aggregator (CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, and SportDiscus). Studies were selected based on the PICOD acronym.ResultsEleven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two other experimental studies were included. The reviewed programs encompassed aerobics, strengthening, and muscle relaxation exercises, delivered by various professionals in diverse settings, such as caregivers' homes, gyms, and hospital environments. Although the programs varied in type, duration, and structure, the majority of the studies demonstrated positive effects on caregivers' physical and psychological well-being, along with reductions in burden and stress.ConclusionThe results suggest that physical exercise interventions are effective in reducing caregiver burden and stress, while also enhancing overall well-being. Future strategies should emphasize the importance of raising awareness among caregivers about adopting healthy lifestyles, with a particular focus on regular physical activity, as a means of relaxation and self-care. To maximize the effectiveness of these interventions, incorporating flexible, home-based components and engaging multidisciplinary teams could enhance accessibility, adherence, and impact.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023446129, PROSPERO 2023 CRD42023446129.
Geospatial evaluation of San Francisco, California’s homeless encampment sweeps injunction
Authors: Young Sean G. , Truong Vincent , Watson William P. , Bogulski Cari A. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionHomelessness remains a pervasive issue in many communities within the United States (US). “Sit-lie” policies restrict where individuals can sit or lie down in public places and are frequently passed and cited to forcibly re-locate individuals experiencing homelessness. In December 2022, a federal judge issued a temporary injunction of San Francisco, California’s sit-lie policy, due to a pending lawsuit arguing that the enforcement of such policies when shelter cannot be offered is a violation of the Eighth Amendment of the US Constitution.MethodsTo examine the effects of this preliminary injunction, we spatially examined data from San Francisco’s 311 reporting system to identify encampment report hot spots.Results and discussionOverall, we found spatial shifting of encampment reporting, but fewer reports overall during the preliminary injunction period, relative to 1 year prior. Future work should examine the effect of the reversal of the injunction following a recent Supreme Court decision and subsequent ruling by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.
A mediation analysis of meteorological factors on the association between ambient carbon monoxide and tuberculosis outpatients visits
Authors: He Tianfeng , Qian Xujun , Huang Jing , Li Guoxing , Guo Xinbiao 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAmbient carbon monoxide (CO) exposure has been identified as an emerging environmental risk factor contributing to the progression of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, the epidemiological evidence remains inconsistent. This study aims to investigate the short-term association between low-level CO exposure and PTB outpatient visits in a developing region.MethodsWe conducted a time-series study utilizing a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) combined with mediating effect analysis, based on daily CO and PTB cases from 2011 to 2020 in Ningbo, China.ResultsAmong all patients with PTB, a 0.1 mg/m3 increase in CO concentration was associated with an increased risk of PTB outpatient visits in the single-pollutant model, particularly at lag days 2–6. The maximum relative risk (RR) was 1.091 (95%CI, 1.020–1.168, lag 0–2 days). Similarly, the maximum cumulative lag effect of CO exposure was 1.781 (RR = 1.781, 95%CI: 1.157–2.742, lag 0–15 days). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant effect of CO exposure in males (RR = 1.090, 95%CI: 1.009–1.777, lag 0–3 days), females (RR = 1.101, 95%CI: 1.014–1.195, lag 0–3 days), younger individuals (RR = 1.097, 95%CI: 1.022–1.178, lag 0–2 days), and during the warm season (RR = 1.012, 95%CI: 1.002–1.022, lag 0–4 days). Mediation analysis indicated that temperature had an indirect mediating effect on association between CO and PTB (−0.0065, 95%CI: −0.0130 to −0.0004), while air pressure, visibility, and humidity showed no significant mediating effects.ConclusionOur findings indicate that ambient CO exposure, even at low levels, has a short-term impact on PTB in developing regions. Temperature plays a partial mediating role in this relationship. Consequently, it is critical to enhance environmental monitoring and early warning systems to effectively address the prevalence of PTB and the delays in health-seeking behavior.
Clinical efficacy of THA with dual mobility cup vs. hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture: a retrospective study
Authors: Xiao Kai , Liu Songyang , Liang Boran , Li Shuming , Liu Xinyan , Chen Jing 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficacy of total hip arthroplasty (THA) with or without dual mobility cup (DMC) vs. hemiarthroplasty (HA) in elderly Asian patients with acute femoral neck fracture (FNF).MethodsData of 284 elderly FNF patients treated at our institution from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into the DMC-THA group (THA with DMC, n = 102), C-THA group (conventional THA without DMC, n = 88), and HA group (n = 94). The study assessed perioperative outcomes, hip functional recovery, treatment satisfaction, long-term prognosis, and quality of life.ResultsThe Harris Hip Scores in the DMC-THA group were significantly higher than those in the C-THA and HA groups at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively (P &lt; 0.05). The satisfaction rate in the DMC-THA group (92.2%) was significantly higher compared to the C-THA (81.8%) and HA groups (80.9%) (P &lt; 0.05). At 1 year post-surgery, the DMC-THA group demonstrated a significantly lower dislocation rate (2.0% vs. 9.1%) and superior mobility compared to the C-THA group (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the DMC-THA group exhibited significantly better mobility and reduced pain/discomfort compared to the HA group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionTHA with DMC offers superior joint function recovery, a lower dislocation rate, and improved quality of life compared to conventional THA and HA, positioning it as a preferred surgical option for elderly patients with acute FNF.
A low-protein soybean-free diet improves carcass traits and meat quality and modulates the colonic microbiota in Daweizi pigs
Authors: Fu Haohua , Yang Taoming , Ni Hengjia , Li Jing , Liu Fenfen , Liu Jingbo , Yin Yulong 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionSoybean meal is an excellent protein source and is widely used in pig feed. However, the Americas account for more than 80% of global soybean production, so European and Asia swine production largely depends on soybean imports. The use of safe and functional unconventional feed sources can effectively alleviate worldwide protein shortage problems.MethodsHere, we formulated a low-protein soybean-free diet (LPNS) for growing and fattening pigs using rice, potatoes, tea, and other unconventional feed sources. Thirty-six healthy Daweizi pigs (average body weight 23.60 ± 1.34 kg) were raised under the same conditions and randomly assigned to two dietary treatments: (1) Con group, corn-soybean base meal; (2) LPNS group. When the average weight of pigs in the group reached 85 kg, two pigs per pen were randomly selected and euthanized for collection of the colonic digesta and carcass traits and for meat quality determination.ResultsCompared with the corn-soybean based diet, the LPNS diet decreased the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Daweizi pigs but had a lower cost per kilogram of gain. In addition, the LPNS diet significantly increased leanness and decreased the fat-skin rate and bone rate of Daweizi pigs. The cooking loss of meat decreased, and unsaturated fatty acids such as C22:6 and n−3 PUFA significantly increased in the LPNS group. Moreover, the purine content in the meat substantially decreased with the LPNS diet. The 16S rDNA analysis revealed that the LPNS diet greatly modified the composition of the colonic microbiota community, with a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and an increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus spp.DiscussionThe use of functional herbs along with a low-protein diet helped to regulate fat and purine metabolism in fatty-type pigs. The LPNS diet formulated with unconventional-feed sources not only helps reduce the feed cost in swine production but also improves the carcass traits and meat quality of pigs, which is more suitable for small-scale pig farming.
Mono-HOPE Versus Dual-HOPE in Liver Transplantation: A Propensity Score-Matched Evaluation of Early Graft Outcome
Authors: Koch Dominik Thomas , Tamai Micol , Schirren Malte , Drefs Moritz , Jacobi Severin , Lange Christian M. , Ilmer Matthias , Nieß Hanno , Renz Bernhard , Werner Jens , Guba Markus , Koliogiannis Dionysios 
Published: February 2025

Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) has become an integral technique to enhance donor graft function in liver transplantation (LiTx). This study compares early posttransplant outcomes of mono-HOPE (portal vein perfusion only) versus dual- HOPE (both portal vein and hepatic artery perfusion). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 183 LiTx recipients, with 90 receiving mono-HOPE and 93 receiving dual-HOPE grafts. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was applied, resulting in a matched cohort of 146 patients. Primary outcomes included one-year patient and graft survival, and non-anastomotic biliary strictures (NAS). Secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay (HLS). One-year patient survival was 81.7% in the mono-HOPE and 81.7% in the dual-HOPE group, and overall survival did not differ (p = 0.990). One-year death-censored graft survival was similarly comparable (91.2% vs. 93.3%, p = 0.893). NAS were observed in 10.96% in the mono-HOPE and 8.22% in the dual-HOPE group (p = 0.574). The median HLS was 29 days for both groups. Results suggest that dual-HOPE did not significantly improve patient or graft survival, nor did it reduce NAS or HLS compared to mono-HOPE. Assuming that larger cohorts and long-term follow-up data confirm this, additional cannulation of the hepatic artery during machine perfusion in hypothermic conditions may not be beneficial.