bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metacognitive beliefs of Polish adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychometric properties of the MCQ-A
Authors: Kajka Natalia , Kulik Agnieszka 
Published: January 2024

Cel pracyStruktura wewnętrzna adaptowanego narzędzia została zbadana za pomocą konfirmacyjnych analiz czynnikowych. Przetestowano trzy rodzaje modeli czynnikowych. Najlepsze dopasowanie uzyskał model zakładający pięcioczynnikową strukturę skali bez czynnika wyższego rzędu. Polskie narzędzie powinno liczyć 28 itemów, a uzyskane właściwości psychometryczne są porównywalne z wynikami prezentowanymi przez autorów angielskiej wersji MCQ-A 30. Celem niniejszego badania jest dostarczenie informacji o właściwościach psychometrycznych narzędzia MCQ-A dla polskiej młodzieży, potwierdzenie struktury czynnikowej narzędzia względem oryginalnej skali oraz przedstawienie nasilenia dysfunkcyjnych przekonań metapoznawczych młodzieży badanej podczas pandemii.MetodaW badaniu wzięło udział 375 osób w wieku 12–18 lat (M = 15,38; SD = 1,63). Badani uzupełniali metryczkę, Zestaw Kwestionariuszy do Diagnozy Depresji u Dzieci i Młodzieży – CDI2, Inwentarz Stanu i Cechy Lęku – STAI oraz adaptowany do warunków polskich Kwestionariusz Przekonań Metapoznawczych – MCQ-A.WynikiTrafność strukturalna została zbadana za pomocą konfirmacyjnych analiz czynnikowych. Przetestowano trzy rodzaje modeli czynnikowych. Najlepsze dopasowanie uzyskał model zakładający pięcioczynnikową strukturę skali bez czynnika wyższego rzędu. Polskie narzędzie powinno liczyć 28 itemów a uzyskane właściwości psychometryczne są porównywalne z wynikami prezentowanymi przez autorów angielskiej wersji MCQ-A 30.WnioskiNiniejsze badania wykazały, że polska adaptacja MCQ-A jest wiarygodnym narzędziem do badania przekonań metapoznawczych u młodzieży.
Acute thrombocytosis in a patient treated with ertapenem
Authors: Sarfo Edward K. , Dziemianko Jennifer L. , Chen Thomas , Iwaki Kosuke K. 
Published: January 2024

Ertapenem, a carbapenem-type beta-lactam antibiotic, demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including aerobes and anaerobes. Importantly, it demonstrates resistance to virtually all beta-lactamases, including the extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Haematologic complications such as thrombocytosis, haemolysis, anaemia, and neutropenia are infrequent side effects associated with this drug. In this report, we present a rare case of ertapenem-induced thrombocytosis in a 62-year-old female patient who was admitted for a complicated urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli.
Effect of a standalone rehabilitation programme for patients with peripheral arterial disease on claudication, cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life
Authors: Fallon Noeleen , Quirke Mary , Edgeworth Caroline , Maher Vincent , Tierney Sean , McKee Gabrielle 
Published: January 2024

Background/Aims There have been calls to make rehabilitation programmes more accessible to patients with peripheral arterial disease. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a standalone peripheral arterial disease rehabilitation programme on walking outcomes, quality of life and cardiovascular risk factors as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes relating to the characteristics that may have influenced change in walking outcomes and reasons for non-attendance or non-completion were also explored. Methods In this prospective, observational, one-site study, new patients were offered a 10-week programme, consisting of exercise, education and intervention for uncontrolled cardiovascular risk factors, in line with international peripheral arterial disease guidelines. Claudication times were measured using the Gardner-Skinner protocol and quality of life was measured using VascuQol. Pre- and post-intervention data were analysed using the SPSS version 23, with Pearson's Rho, Spearman's Rho and t tests being performed as appropriate. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results Of the 160 referrals received, 114 patients were enrolled in the programme and 89 (78%) completed it. Reasons for non-completion were mainly either logistical (domestic commitments or return to work) or perceptions of insuitability relating to age, infirmity or severity of peripheral arterial disease. Of those who completed the programme, the median age was 66 years, 81% were men, 71% had a history of hypertension, 25% had diabetes and 37% smoked. There were significant pre–post improvements (P<0.05) in initial and maximum claudication time and distance, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and quality of life scores. Improvements in maximum claudication times were associated with lower baseline initial claudication times, lower body mass index, some quality of life scores and male gender. Conclusions The peripheral arterial disease rehabilitation programme was effective in improving functional capacity, quality of life and some cardiovascular risk factors. Factors found to influence improvements in claudication times could be discussed with patients before and during the programme to address misperceptions, provide encouragement and improve compliance and recruitment. The safe environment of supervised exercise may have contributed to these results, prompting efforts to make exercise accessible to all patients with peripheral arterial disease.
Defining digital nursing
Authors: Havard Megan , Whistance Megan , Johns Gemma , Drew Simon , Cusens Chiquita , Thomas Sian , Khalil Sara , Ogonovsky Mike , Ahuja Alka 
Published: January 2024

Background: The use of technology in health care, including nursing, is growing, owing in part to the COVID-19 pandemic and in response to national policy. Aims: To investigate nurses' perceptions of digital nursing (DN). Methods: Community and primary care nurses from across Wales were recruited (n=249) through a survey comprising open and closed questions. This was supplemented with semistructured interviews (n=25). Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. Findings: Nurses had a broad range of perspectives on what DN meant, with four main themes being identified: access; impact on care; technology; and digital future. The positive impacts of DN on ways of working and patient outcomes were supported by answers to closed survey questions. Conclusion: Many nurses understand the value of digital tools within nursing and are clear about their benefits for patients, nurses and multiprofessional teams. However, there is a need for a clear definition and increased awareness of DN.
The impact of anticholinergic burden on clinical outcomes in older hospitalised surgical patients
Authors: Evans Thomas , Binns Hannah , Mandal Amit KJ , De'Ath Henry D , Missouris Constantinos G 
Published: January 2024

Polypharmacotherapy is an ever-increasing issue with an ageing patient population. Anticholinergic medications make up a large proportion of patient medication but cause significant side effects, contributing to well-documented issues within the older population and in hospital medicine. This review explores the documented impact of anticholinergic burden in older surgical patients on postoperative delirium, infection, length of stay and readmission, urinary retention, ileus and mortality. It also highlights the need for further high-quality research into anticholinergic burden management among older surgical patients to further impact practice and policy in the area.
Monolithic silicon microlens arrays for far-infrared astrophysics
Authors: Cothard Nicholas F. , Stevenson Thomas , Mateo Jennette , Costen Nicholas , Denis Kevin , Perido Joanna , Schrock Ian , Wang Frederick , Glenn Jason 
Published: January 2024

Future far-infrared astrophysics observatories will require focal plane
arrays containing thousands of ultrasensitive, superconducting
detectors, each of which require efficient optical coupling to the
telescope fore-optics. At longer wavelengths, many approaches have
been developed, including feedhorn arrays and macroscopic arrays of
lenslets. However, with wavelengths as short as 25 µm, optical
coupling in the far infrared remains challenging. In this paper, we
present an approach to fabricate far-infrared monolithic silicon
microlens arrays using grayscale lithography and deep reactive ion
etching. The fabricated microlens arrays presented here are designed
for two different wavebands: 25–40 µm and 135–240 µm.
The microlens arrays have sags as deep as 150 µm, are
hexagonally packed with a pixel pitch of 900 µm, and have an
overall size as large as 80 by 15 mm. We compare an
as-fabricated lens profile to the design profile and calculate that
the fabricated lenses would achieve 84% encircled power for the
designed detector, which is only 3% less than the designed
performance. We also present methods developed for antireflection
coating microlens arrays and for a silicon-to-silicon die bonding
process to hybridize microlens arrays with detector arrays.
Blockchain for Artificial Intelligence (AI): enhancing compliance with the EU AI Act through distributed ledger technology. A cybersecurity perspective
Authors: Ramos Simona , Ellul Joshua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe article aims to investigate the potential of blockchain technology in mitigating certain cybersecurity risks associated with artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Aligned with ongoing regulatory deliberations within the European Union (EU) and the escalating demand for more resilient cybersecurity measures within the realm of AI, our analysis focuses on specific requirements outlined in the proposed AI Act. We argue that by leveraging blockchain technology, AI systems can align with some of the requirements in the AI Act, specifically relating to data governance, record-keeping, transparency and access control. The study shows how blockchain can successfully address certain attack vectors related to AI systems, such as data poisoning in trained AI models and data sets. Likewise, the article explores how specific parameters can be incorporated to restrict access to critical AI systems, with private keys enforcing these conditions through tamper-proof infrastructure. Additionally, the article analyses how blockchain can facilitate independent audits and verification of AI system behaviour. Overall, this article sheds light on the potential of blockchain technology in fortifying high-risk AI systems against cyber risks, contributing to the advancement of secure and trustworthy AI deployments. By providing an interdisciplinary perspective of cybersecurity in the AI domain, we aim to bridge the gap that exists between legal and technical research, supporting policy makers in their regulatory decisions concerning AI cyber risk management.
Harmonizing open banking in the European Union: an analysis of PSD2 compliance and interrelation with cybersecurity frameworks and standards
Authors: Gounari Marianna , Stergiopoulos George , Pipyros Kosmas , Gritzalis Dimitris 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on the security protocols enacted in banking transactions across the European Economic Area (EEA), as stipulated by the Second or Revised Payment Service Directive (commonly referred to as ‘PSD2’ or simply ‘the Directive’). The study aims to comprehensively analyse the implementation and efficacy of these security measures within the specified jurisdiction. The Directive incorporates fundamental rights and obligations that all stakeholders are compelled to adhere to and delineates specific security measures and standards that both traditional banking institutions and third-party providers (TPP) are mandated to implement. In particular, one of the cardinal mandates for banking and financial institutions under PSD2 is the obligation to facilitate third-party access to customer data via open application programming interfaces (API). While this open banking paradigm and the consequent proliferation of data sharing unquestionably bring about various advantages, such as enhanced consumer choice and market competition, they concurrently expose the financial ecosystem to a slew of potential security vulnerabilities and privacy risks. Upon conducting a comprehensive review of the security requirements and measures stipulated under PSD2 and a comparative analysis with essential cybersecurity frameworks and standards (NIS2, Cybersecurity Act, GDPR, ISO 27001:22 and PCI DSS), we have ascertained a discernible lack of harmonisation and clarity concerning the technical security specifications for its effective implementation. This lacuna substantiates the challenges banks face in fully grasping the extensive spectrum of compliance obligations mandated by PSD2. The aim of this research is to offer a valuable contribution to both the comprehension and the pragmatic deployment of security standards in the context of banking transactions, as regulated by the PSD2. The paper serves as a valuable resource for traditional banking institutions and relevant stakeholders by guiding them through the complexities of PSD2 implementation while also evaluating the effects of the security measures on transactional safeguards, data security, and the provision of payment services.
Features of virtual reality impact effectiveness of VR pain alleviation therapeutics in pediatric burn patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jain Soumil , Armstrong Megan , Luna John , Thakkar Rajan K. , Fabia Renata , Groner Jonathan I. , Noffsinger Dana , Ni Ai , Nelson Eric , Xiang Henry 
Published: January 2024

Key features of virtual reality (VR) that impact the effectiveness of pain reduction remain unknown. We hypothesized that specific features of the VR experience significantly impact VR’s effectiveness in reducing pain during pediatric burn dressing care. Our randomized controlled trial included children 6 to 17 years (inclusive) who were treated in the outpatient clinic of an American Burn Association–verified pediatric burn center. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to active VR (playing the VR), passive VR (immersed in the same VR environment without interactions), or standard-of-care. On a scale from 0 to 100, participants rated overall pain (primary outcome) and features of the VR experience (game realism, fun, and engagement). Path analysis assessed the interrelationships among these VR key features and their impact on self-reported pain scores. From December 2016 to January 2019, a total of 412 patients were screened for eligibility, and 90 were randomly assigned (31 in the active VR group, 30 in the passive VR group, and 29 in the standard-of-care group). The current study only included those in the VR groups. The difference in median scores of VR features was not statistically significant between the active (realism, 77.5 [IQR: 50–100]; fun, 100 [IQR: 81–100]; engagement, 90 [IQR: 70–100]) and passive (realism, 72 [IQR: 29–99]; fun, 93.5 [IQR: 68–100]; engagement, 95 [IQR: 50–100]) VR distraction types. VR engagement had a significant direct (-0.39) and total (-0.44) effect on self-reported pain score (p<0.05). Key VR features significantly impact its effectiveness in pain reduction. The path model suggested an analgesic mechanism beyond distraction. Differences in VR feature scores partly explain active VR’s more significant analgesic effect than passive VR.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04544631.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted with COVID-19 at a public-sector hospital over the first two waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Harare, Zimbabwe: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Fryatt Arun , Chivandire Trevor , Simms Victoria , Chikide Perseverance , Munorwa Trymore , Simon Ellane , Sigwadhi Lovemore Nyasha , Kranzer Katharina , Magure Tsitsi M. , Maunganidze Aspect , Katsidzira Leolin , Ferrand Rashida A. 
Published: January 2024

Background
We investigated the clinical profile, complications, and outcomes of inpatients with COVID-19 at Parirenyatwa Hospital, Harare, across the first two waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and factors associated with mortality.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study on all patients admitted to the COVID-19 unit. Data were extracted from medical records and negative binomial regression with robust standard errors was used to assess the association between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and mortality. Cox Regression was used for sensitivity analysis.

Results
Of 563 people admitted with COVID-19 between 2 July 2020 and 19 March 2021, 214 (38.0%) died, 340 were discharged and 9 transferred. The median age was 56 (IQR 44–68) years and 53.8% were male. Overall, 38.8% experienced a complication, the most common being acute kidney injury (17.9%) and hyperglycaemia (13.1%). The most common comorbidity was hypertension (41.3%) followed by diabetes (28.6%), HIV (12.1%), cardiovascular disease (10.9%) and chronic kidney disease (7.8%). Among participants who stayed in the ward for more than 1 night, mortality was higher in patients with comorbidity compared to those without any comorbidity (38.7% vs 25.5%, risk ratio (RR) = 1.52 (95% CI 1.11, 2.07), p = 0.008). After adjusting for oxygen saturation, comorbidities, sex and pregnancy, mortality was higher in the second wave than in the first (adjusted RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.00–1.51, p = 0.05). In the second wave 57/161 (35.4%) deaths were attributed to lack of resources, mainly human resources.

Conclusion
The mortality rate was high and clinical COVID-19 care needs to pay careful attention to patient monitoring for complications and management of comorbidities. This will require addressing the critical health workforce shortage issues. Prevention of COVID-19 including vaccination particularly among individuals with comorbidities remains a high priority.
Accessible independent housing for people with disabilities: A scoping review of promising practices, policies and interventions
Authors: Lindsay Sally , Fuentes Kristina , Ragunathan Sharmigaa , Li Yiyan , Ross Timothy 
Published: January 2024

Background
Accessible housing is imperative to enabling independent living for many people with disabilities; yet, research consistently shows how people with disabilities often lack appropriate accessible housing and are more likely to experience unaffordable, insecure, and/or poor quality housing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand promising practices, policies and interventions regarding accessible independent housing for people with disabilities.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review that involved searching seven international literature databases that identified 4831 studies, 60 of which met our inclusion criteria.

Results
The reviewed studies involved 18 countries over a 20-year period. Our review highlighted the following key trends: (1) removing barriers to obtaining accessible housing (e.g., advocacy, builders enhancing housing supply, subsidies and financial incentives); (2) policies influencing accessible housing; (3) interventions to enhance accessible housing (i.e., home modifications, smart homes, mobile applications and other experimental devices); and (4) the impact of accessible independent housing on health and wellbeing.

Conclusions
Our findings emphasize the importance of accessible housing for people with disabilities and the urgent need to advance accessible housing options.
Compliance towards WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience: Timeliness and adequacy of antenatal care visit in Sub-Saharan African countries: Evidence from the most recent standard Demographic Health Survey data
Authors: Habte Aklilu , Tamene Aiggan , Melis Tamirat 
Published: January 2024

Background
Timely and adequate antenatal care (ANC) visits are known to reduce maternal mortality by 20%. Despite the World Health Organization updating its recommendations from four to eight antenatal care contacts, data reporting in the SSA region focused primarily on four visits, and evidence on the timing and adequacy of ANC based on the current recommendation was limited. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the level of timely and adequate ANC visits and their determinants in the 18 Sub-Saharan African countries with the most recent DHS report (2016–2021).

Methods
The data for this study were pooled from the most recent standardized Demographic and Health Survey data of sub-Saharan African countries from 2016–2021. A total of 171,183 (with a weighted frequency of 171,488) women were included and analyzed by using STATA version 16. To account for data clustering, a multivariable multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was run to determine the effects of each predictor on the receipt of timely and adequate ANC. Adjusted odds ratio with its corresponding 95% confidence interval was used to declare the statistical significance of the independent variables.

Results
The receipt of timely and adequate antenatal care visits was 41.2% (95% CI: 40.9, 41.4) and 10.4% (95% CI: 9.9, 10.2), respectively. Wontedness of pregnancy [AOR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.24], being 1st birth order [AOR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.41, 2.54], having a mobile phone [AOR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.26, 2.32], and enrolled in Health insurance schemes [AOR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.95, 2.42] were significantly associated with early initiation of ANC. Living in a lower community poverty level[AOR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.90,2.66], being in the richest wealth quintile [AOR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.36, 1.62], higher educational level [AOR = 3.63; 95% CI: 3.33, 3.96], the timing of ANC visit [AOR = 4.26; 95% CI: 4.08, 4.44], being autonomous in decision making [AOR = 2.29; 95% CI: 1.83, 2.54] and having a mobile phone [AOR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.76, 2.52] were identified as significant predictors of adequate ANC uptake.

Conclusion
The findings revealed a low coverage of timely and adequate ANC visits in SSA countries. Governments and healthcare managers in sub-Saharan African countries should leverage their efforts to prioritize and implement activities and interventions that increase women’s autonomy, and economic capability, to improve their health-seeking behavior during pregnancy. More commitment is needed from governments to increase mobile phone distribution across countries, and then work on integrating mHealth into their health system. Finally, efforts should be made to increase the coverage of health insurance schemes enrolment for the citizens.