bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global spectra of plant litter carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and returning amounts
Authors: Yuan Ji , Wu Fuzhong , Peng Changhui , Peñuelas Josep , Vallicrosa Helena , Sardans Jordi , Peng Yan , Wu Qiqian , Li Zimin , Heděnec Petr , Li Zhijie , Tan Siyi , Yuan Chaoxiang , Ni Xiangyin , Yue Kai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Litter decomposition is a key ecological process that determines carbon (C) and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. The initial concentrations of C and nutrients in litter play a critical role in this process, yet the global patterns of litter initial concentrations of C, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are poorly understood.

We employed machine learning with a global database to quantitatively assess the global patterns and drivers of leaf litter initial C, N and P concentrations, as well as their returning amounts (i.e. amounts returned to soils).

The medians of litter C, N and P concentrations were 46.7, 1.1, and 0.1%, respectively, and the medians of litter C, N and P returning amounts were 1.436, 0.038 and 0.004 Mg ha−1 year−1, respectively. Soil and climate emerged as the key predictors of leaf litter C, N and P concentrations. Predicted global maps showed that leaf litter N and P concentrations decreased with latitude, while C concentration exhibited an opposite pattern. Additionally, the returning amounts of leaf litter C, N and P all declined from the equator to the poles in both hemispheres.

Synthesis: Our results provide a quantitative assessment of the global concentrations and returning amounts of leaf litter C, N and P, which showed new light on the role of leaf litter in global C and nutrients cycling.
Climate Change Exposure and Bankruptcy Risk
Authors: Feng Fan , Han Liyan , Jin Jiayu , Li Youwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research documents that a firm's bankruptcy risk increases with its climate change exposure. This study further investigates the underlying mechanisms and finds that this effect is stronger for firms with lower operating cash flows or tighter financial constraints. Consistent with the agency theory of debt, the evidence suggests that improving the protection of creditor rights can mitigate the adverse impact of climate change. In addition, two distinct sets of quasi‐natural experiments are exploited to establish causality and eliminate alternative explanations. Specifically, the positive effect of climate change exposure on bankruptcy risk is weaker after the 2015 Paris Agreement, which raised public awareness of climate issues, and stronger for firms headquartered in countries that are more severely affected by natural disasters. Cross‐sectional analyses reveal that the main effect is more pronounced among loss firms, firms with higher levels of asset tangibility, cash flow volatility or profit volatility, and firms with worse solvency performance. Overall, the collective evidence indicates that climate change has real consequences for firm financial conditions.
Continuing professional development for special educational needs and disabilities within the school workforce: The results of a national survey in England
Authors: Dobson Graeme , Curran Helen , Perepa Prithvi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractContinuing professional development (CPD) is considered an important part of improving professional practice and its importance has been highlighted in Department of Education policies in England. However, very little research has explored what CPD school staff access and consider as effective for their roles. This research addressed this gap by conducting an online survey of child‐facing school staff in England. The survey was completed by 637 participants. The results indicate that there is a mismatch between what the staff consider as impactful CPD and the CPD to which they have most access. School leaders and SENCos are key people in delivering CPD in schools, and the findings of this study show that it is important to provide them with appropriate skills and knowledge to ensure that the most accessible CPD is also the most effective for the school workforce.
The shape of the change: Cumulative and incremental changes in daily mood during mobile‐app‐supported mindfulness training
Authors: Golec de Zavala Agnieszka , Förster Chiara , Ziegler Matthias , Nalberczak‐Skóra Maria , Ciesielski Pawel , Mazurkiewicz Magdalena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding of the exact trajectories of mood improvements during mindfulness practice helps to optimize mindfulness‐based interventions. The Mindfulness‐to‐Meaning model expects mood improvements to be linear, incremental, and cumulative. Our findings align with this expectation. We used multilevel growth curve models to analyze daily changes in positive mood reported by 190 Polish participants during 42 days of a mobile‐app‐supported, mindfulness‐based intervention. The daily positive mood increased among 83.68% of participants. Participants who started the training reported worse mood improved more and faster than participants with better mood at the baseline. Dispositional mindfulness and narcissism – individual difference variables associated with high vs. low emotion regulation ability, respectively – were not associated with mood improvement trajectories. A small group of participants (16.32%) showed a steady decline in positive mood during the intervention. The results underscore the importance of a more comprehensive understanding of individual variability in benefiting from mindfulness‐based interventions.
Lead isotopic compositions link copper axes from Kietrz (Poland, 3500–3350 BC) to Slovak and Balkan copper mines
Authors: Kowalski Łukasz , Stos‐Gale Zofia Anna , Adamczak Kamil , Maas Roland , Woodhead Jon , Garbacz‐Klempka Aldona , Kozicka Magdalena , Kofel Dominika , Matuszczyk Ewa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChemical and lead isotope analyses aided by metallographic examination of copper axes found at the Late Neolithic settlement of Kietrz in southwestern Poland provide new evidence for the origin of copper and metal trade routes in the region. Our results indicate that metal used for the axes could be sourced from copper mines in modern Slovakia, Bulgaria and perhaps Serbia. The evidence from this study confirms that the Funnel Beaker people from Poland became parties to a metal trading network that connected much of continental Europe in the mid‐4th millennium bce and provides a better understanding of how these contacts provided the background for the technological and socio‐economic developments of the Baden era.
Xenograft recipients and the right to withdraw from a clinical trial
Authors: Bobier Christopher , Hurst Daniel J. , Rodger Daniel , Omelianchuk Adam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPreclinical xenotransplantation research using genetically engineered pigs has begun to show some promising results and could one day offer a scalable means of addressing organ shortage. While it is a fundamental tenet of ethical human subject research that participants have a right to withdraw from research once enrolled, several scholars have argued that the right to withdraw from xenotransplant research should be suspended because of the public health risks posed by xenozoonotic transmission. Here, we present a comprehensive critical evaluation of the claim that xenotransplant recipients should be required to waive their right to withdraw from lifelong biosurveillance. We conclude that if xenotransplantation requires participants to waive their right to withdraw, then clinical trials may not be justifiable, given the ethical and legal obstacles involved with doing so. Consequently, if clinical trials are permitted with a right to withdraw, then they may pose a significant public health risk.
Translational bioethics: Reflections on what it can be and how it should work
Authors: Bærøe Kristine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTranslational ethics (TE) has been developed into a specific approach, which revolves around the argument that strategies for bridging the theory‐practice gap in bioethics must themselves be justified on ethical terms. This version of TE incorporates normative, empirical and foundational ethics research and continues to develop through application and in the face of new ethical challenges. Here, I explore the idea that the academic field of bioethics has not yet sufficiently analysed its own philosophical foundation for how it can, and should, be practically relevant; neither has it comprehensively discussed the limitations on what impacts bioethicists should pursue. As a result, there has not been adequate training on how to suitably and appropriately impact real‐world practices. Moreover, bioethical perspectives are often competing with other strong interests, for example, economic and political, which may weaken their impact on policy‐making. The TE approach I propose can not only facilitate practical impacts of academic bioethics by being better informed by real‐world ethical issues but it also supports targeted and ethical justifications of the actual impact of academic work in real‐world contexts. In this paper, I clarify the premises for this TE approach, identify further challenges and sketch out potential solutions for the implementation of this methodological framework.
Matrine regulates miR‐495‐3p/miR‐543/PDK1 axis to repress the progression of acute myeloid leukemia via the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Lei Yanping , Li Xiao , Zhu Liping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a commonly hematological malignancy with feature of rapidly increased immature myeloid cells in bone marrow. The anti‐tumor activity of matrine has been reported in various cancers. However, the functional role of matrine in AML progression still needs to be studied. Cell growth, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in AML cells were evaluated using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)/adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ratio, lactate production and glucose consumption were detected to evaluate glycolysis. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was conducted to determine the relationships between phosphoinositide‐dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) and microRNA‐495‐3p (miR‐495‐3p)/microRNA‐543 (miR‐543) in AML cells. The results showed that matrine inhibited cell proliferation, glycolysis, and accelerated cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in AML cells. MiR‐495‐3p/miR‐543 was lowly expressed, and PDK1 was highly expressed in AML. Functionally, both miR‐495‐3p and miR‐543 could reverse the effects of matrine on cell proliferation, glycolysis, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in AML cells. Mechanistically, miR‐495‐3p/miR‐543 directly targeted PDK1, and the inhibition impacts of miR‐495‐3p/miR‐543 on AML progression could be rescued by PDK1 overexpression. Moreover, matrine also could regulate PDK1 expression to suppress AML progression. Besides, matrine modulated miR‐495‐3p/miR‐543/PDK1 axis to inhibit the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. In summary, matrine hampered the progression of AML through targeting miR‐495‐3p and miR‐543 to attenuate PDK1 expression, thereby repressing the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway.
Consistency between POLARS and LARS scores regarding the incidence of low anterior resection syndrome in a Chilean population undergoing rectal surgery secondary to cancer in a high‐volume hospital
Authors: Gaete M. I. , Moreno D. , Iglesias A. , Navarro F. , Dreyse J. , Cerda J. , Durán V. , Molina M. E. , Miguieles R. , Urrejola G. , Larach J. T. , Bellolio F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to evaluate the concordance between the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) and preoperative LARS (POLARS) scores regarding the incidence of LARS in a Chilean population undergoing rectal surgery for cancer in a high‐volume hospital.MethodThe LARS score questionnaire, following telephone requests, was used to determine the presence and severity of LARS. The POLARS score was calculated based on variables described previously. Correlations and qualitative and quantitative concordance were evaluated using Spearman's correlation coefficient, the kappa coefficient and the Bland–Altman plot with Lin's concordance correlation coefficient.ResultsA total of 120 patients met the inclusion criteria: 37.5% underwent neoadjuvant radiotherapy, 61% underwent total mesorectal excision (TME) and 51.6% underwent ostomy. A total of 49% of patients did not present with LARS, whereas 28% had major LARS. The correlation between scales was poor, with a fair qualitative concordance to determine the presence/absence of LARS and a slight qualitative concordance to determine the degree of the intensity. The quantitative concordance was poor.ConclusionIn the Chilean population, concordance between the LARS and POLARS scores was qualitatively fair to determine the presence/absence of the disease and qualitatively slight to determine the degree of intensity. We do not suggest using the POLARS score in the perioperative period in the Chilean population deliberately, as the score may help to determine the presence/absence of LARS but cannot determine its degree of intensity. Additional evaluations are required to determine the factors contributing to the degree of agreement between the scales.
Risk factors for hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a letermovir‐exposed CMV‐free population receiving PTCy
Authors: Galli Eugenio , Metafuni Elisabetta , Gandi Carlo , Limongiello Maria Assunta , Giammarco Sabrina , Mattozzi Andrea , Santangelo Rosaria , Bacigalupo Andrea , Sorà Federica , Chiusolo Patrizia , Sica Simona 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a highly impacting complication in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), occurring in 12%–37% of patients. The impact of transplant‐ and patient‐specific variables has been described, with a possible role for JCV and BKV, which may be cooperating with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Here, we analyze 134 letermovir‐exposed, CMV‐free patients, treated with the same cyclophosphamide‐based graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, describing risk factors for HC. The overall incidence of HC was 23%. Patients with HLA mismatched transplant, higher comorbidity score, and receiving three alkylating agents with TBF (thiotepa, busulfan, and fludarabine) conditioning regimen had a higher risk of HC in multivariate analysis (OR: 4.48, 6.32, and 1.32, respectively). A HC‐score including male gender, TBF conditioning, and HLA‐mismatch stratifies the risk of HC in the first 100 days after HSCT. The role of BKV and JCV was not highly impacting in those patients, suggesting a possible synergistic effect between CMV and JCV in causing HC. HC can be interpreted as the combination of patient‐related factors, chemotherapy‐related toxicities—especially due to alkylating agents—and immunological elements.
Inverse priority effects: A role for historical contingency during species losses
Authors: Torres Agostina , Kuebbing Sara E. , Stuble Katharine L. , Catella Samantha A. , Núñez Martín A. , Rodriguez‐Cabal Mariano A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCommunities worldwide are losing multiple species at an unprecedented rate, but how communities reassemble after these losses is often an open question. It is well established that the order and timing of species arrival during community assembly shapes forthcoming community composition and function. Yet, whether the order and timing of species losses can lead to divergent community trajectories remains largely unexplored. Here, we propose a novel framework that sets testable hypotheses on the effects of the order and timing of species losses—inverse priority effects—and suggests its integration into the study of community assembly. We propose that the order and timing of species losses within a community can generate alternative reassembly trajectories, and suggest mechanisms that may underlie these inverse priority effects. To formalize these concepts quantitatively, we used a three‐species Lotka‐Volterra competition model, enabling to investigate conditions in which the order of species losses can lead to divergent reassembly trajectories. The inverse priority effects framework proposed here promotes the systematic study of the dynamics of species losses from ecological communities, ultimately aimed to better understand community reassembly and guide management decisions in light of rapid global change.
Constitutively expressed small heat shock protein LsHsp21.5 not only enhances heat tolerance but also helps to maintain reproduction in female Laodelphax striatellus
Authors: Xia Xue , Zhu Feng , Niu Hongtao , Pan Lei , Zheng Zhouting , Pan Lingyun , Hoffmann Ary A. , Fang Jichao , Wang Lihua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCoping with stressful conditions and maintaining reproduction are two key biological processes that affect insect population dynamics. Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are involved in the stress response and the development of insects. The sHsp gene Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) sHsp 21.5 (LsHsp21.5) showed constitutive, stage‐ and organ‐specific expression in L. striatellus, a pest that damages cultivated rice in east Asia. The expression of LsHsp21.5 was highest in the ovary, with 43.60, 12.99 and 1.45 time higher expression here than in the head, gut and female fat bodies, respectively. The expression of this gene was weakly affected by heat or cold shock. The gene provided in vitro protection against heat damage to malate dehydrogenase and in vivo protection against heat stress in Escherichia coli (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae) BL21(DE3) and L. striatellus. Moreover, L. striatellus reproduction decreased by 1.85 times when the expression of LsHsp21.5 was inhibited by RNA interference. The expression of some genes related to reproduction, such as the homologous gene of chorion protein, also declined. These results suggest that LsHsp21.5 expression not only protects other proteins against stress but also helps maintain the stable expression of some reproduction‐related genes under non‐stressful conditions, with impacts on L. striatellus fecundity.
Analyzing the effect of sibling number on input and output in the first 18 months
Authors: Laing Catherine , Bergelson Elika 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrior research suggests that across a wide range of cognitive, educational, and health‐based measures, first‐born children outperform their later‐born peers. Expanding on this literature using naturalistic home‐recorded data and parental vocabulary reports, we find that early language outcomes vary by number of siblings in a sample of 43 English‐learning U.S. children from mid‐to‐high socioeconomic status homes. More specifically, we find that children in our sample with two or more—but not one—older siblings had smaller productive vocabularies at 18 months, and heard less input from caregivers across several measures than their peers with less than two siblings. We discuss implications regarding what infants experience and learn across a range of family sizes in infancy.
Developmental trajectories of picture‐based object representations during the first year of life
Authors: Shinskey Jeanne L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExperience with an object's photograph changes 9‐month‐olds’ preference for the referent object, confirming they can represent objects from pictures. However, picture‐based representations appear weaker than object‐based representations. The current study's first objective was to investigate age differences in object recognition memory after familiarization with objects' pictures. The second objective was to test whether age differences in object permanence sensitivity with picture‐based representations match those found with object‐based representations, whereby 7‐month‐olds search more for familiar hidden objects but 11‐month‐olds search more for novel ones. Six‐ and 11‐month‐olds were familiarized with an object's photo and tested on their representation of the real object by comparing their reaching for it versus a novel object. Objects were visible under conditions testing recognition memory and hidden under conditions testing object permanence. Like 9‐month‐olds, 6‐ and 11‐month‐olds preferred novelty with visible objects, showing early object recognition after picture familiarization, as well as developmental continuity. Unlike 9‐month‐olds, who switched to preferring familiarity with hidden objects, 6‐ and 11‐month‐olds switched to null preference. This pattern fails to match 7‐ and 11‐month‐olds’ hidden‐object preferences after familiarization with real objects, revealing discontinuity in sensitivity to object permanence after picture familiarization, and suggesting that picture‐based representations are weaker than object‐based ones.
Workload and psychosocial risks among nurses in mental health and psychiatry in Chile
Authors: Fuentes‐Olavarría Daniela , Rodríguez‐Rivas Matías E. , Romo‐Neira Javiera 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present study aims to explore and compare psychosocial risks and work overload among nursing professionals in the field mental health and psychiatry in Chile. Quantitative, observational and cross‐sectional research was designed for this purpose. Nurses from community, ambulatory, hospital and emergency units in mental health and psychiatry in Chile were recruited between January and May 2022. Instruments of psychosocial variables and an occupational psychosocial risk scale based on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire were used. Descriptive and correlational statistics were used, as well as independent samples t‐tests, Factorial Anova and post‐hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction. As a result, 174 nursing professionals were recruited, 79.3% female, average age 33.9 years. One‐third belonged to the Metropolitan Region of Chile. The highest psychosocial risk was obtained by nurses over 30 years of age, from the Metropolitan Region, with more than 16 patients under their care, at the hospital or psychiatric emergency level. Significant differences were observed in work overload and psychosocial risks according to personal and work characteristics of the professionals, as well as of the users and health services. The levels of psychosocial risk and work overload of mental health and psychiatric nurses were reported, as well as the comparison of these according to personal, sociodemographic, and work characteristics. In order to improve the quality of work life of these professionals and the quality of these services, it is essential to develop interventions focused on the dimensions addressed, as well as to define norms and policies that ensure a workload in accordance with international standards.
Timing, reasons, and predictors for first dental visits among children seen at two university hospitals
Authors: Farsi Deema , Farsi Nada , Albadawi Ghaidaa , Mulla Nadin , Bhadila Ghalia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundDental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease. The recommended age for the first dental visit (FDV) is 1 year, yet a minority of children visit before the age of 3 years.AimThe aim of the study was to estimate the patterns of and predictors for dental visits among a sample of children.DesignParents of children between the ages of 6 months and 18 years, who attended the paediatric dentistry clinics and the well‐baby clinics, were recruited. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Logistic regression was utilized to assess the predictors of ever visiting a dentist.ResultsThe mean age at FDV was 5.8 ± 2.1 years. Parents' belief of not needing to see a dentist was the most common barrier to visiting a dentist (33%). Among the reasons for FDV, caries and pain were the most common (45% and 20%, respectively). Predictors of ever visiting a dentist were children who are not an only child and children of parents who visited a dentist themselves.ConclusionChildren visited the dentist at an age older than that recommended, and the reasons for FDV were mainly caries and its consequences.