bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust trajectory tracking for a scale model autonomous helicopter
Authors: Mahony Robert , Hamel Tarek 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis paper considers the question of obtaining ana prioribound on the tracking performance, for an arbitrary trajectory, of closed‐loop control of an idealized model of a scale model autonomous helicopter. The problem is difficult due to the presence of small body forces that cannot be directly incorporated into the control design. A control Lyapunov function is derived for an approximate model (in which the small body forces are neglected) using backstepping techniques. The Lyapunov function derived is used to analyse the closed‐loop performance of the full system. A theorem is proved that providesa prioribounds on initial error and the trajectory parameters (linear acceleration and its derivatives) that guarantees acceptable tracking performance of the system. The analysis is expected to be of use in verification of trajectory planning procedures. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the clustering of independent uniform random variables
Authors: Csörgő Sándor , Wu Wei Biao 
Published: June 2004

AbstractWe consider the number Kn of clusters at a distance level dn ∈ (0, 1) of n independent random variables uniformly distributed in [0, 1], or the number Kn of connected components in the random interval graph generated by these variables and dn, and, depending upon how fast dn → 0 as n → ∞, determine the asymptotic distribution of Kn, with rates of convergence, and of related random variables that describe the cluster sizes. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2004
On the probability of rendezvous in graphs
Authors: Dietzfelbinger Martin , Tamaki Hisao 
Published: June 2004

AbstractIn a simple graph G without isolated nodes the following random experiment is carried out: each node chooses one of its neighbors uniformly at random. We say a rendezvous occurs if there are adjacent nodes u and v such that u chooses v and v chooses u; the probability that this happens is denoted by s(G). Métivier, Saheb, and Zemmari [“Randomized rendezvous,” Algorithms, trees, combinatorics, and probabilities, Eds. G. Gardy and A. Mokkadem, Trends in Mathematics, 183–194. Birkhäuser, Boston, 2000.] asked whether it is true that s(G) ≥ s(Kn) for all n‐node graphs G, where Kn is the complete graph on n nodes. We show that this is the case. Moreover, we show that evaluating s(G) for a given graph G is a #P‐complete problem, even if only d‐regular graphs are considered, for any d ≥ 5. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2005
Can middle‐school science textbooks help students learn important ideas? Findings from project 2061's curriculum evaluation study: Life science
Authors: Stern Luli , Roseman Jo Ellen 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe transfer of matter and energy from one organism to another and between organisms and their physical setting is a fundamental concept in life science. Not surprisingly, this concept is common to the Benchmarks for Science Literacy (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1993), the National Science Education Standards (National Research Council, 1996), and most state frameworks and likely to appear in any middle‐school science curriculum material. Nonetheless, while topics such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration have been taught for many years, research on student learning indicates that students have difficulties learning these ideas. In this study, nine middle‐school curriculum materials—both widely used and newly developed—were examined in detail for their support of student learning ideas concerning matter and energy transformations in ecosystems specified in the national standards documents. The analysis procedure used in this study was previously developed and field tested by Project 2061 of the AAAS on a variety of curriculum materials. According to our findings, currently available curriculum materials provide little support for the attainment of the key ideas chosen for this study. In general, these materials do not take into account students' prior knowledge, lack representations to clarify abstract ideas, and are deficient in phenomena that can be explained by the key ideas and hence can make them plausible. This article concludes with a discussion of the implications of this study to curriculum development, teaching, and science education research based on shortcomings in today's curricula. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 41: 538–568, 2004
Stereochemistry of [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of Perfluorinated Selenocarbonyls to 1, 3‐Dienes
Authors: Blau Hanne , Grobe Joseph , Erker Gerhard , Lauterwein Jürgen 
Published: June 2004

AbstractIn completely stereospecific [4+2] cycloadditions, the perfluorinated selenocarbonyls 1 and 2 react both with trans‐trans‐2, 4‐hexadiene and cis‐trans‐2, 4‐hexadiene to yield 3, 6‐dihydro‐cis‐3, 6‐dimethyl‐2H‐selenapyrans 3, 4a and 4b. The observed stereoselectivity leads to the conclusion, that the [4+2] cycloaddition of perfluorinated selenocarbonyls follows a concerted pathway. An identical mixture of isomers was isolated when using the precursor for 2, trimethylstannyl (pentafluoroethyl)selane, which reacts with both 1, 3‐dienes over several weeks to form a mixture of syn‐2‐fluoro‐3, 6‐dihydro‐cis‐3, 6‐dimethyl‐2‐trifluoromethyl‐2H‐selenapyran (4a) and anti‐2‐fluoro‐3, 6‐dihydro‐cis‐3, 6‐dimethyl‐2‐trifluoromethyl‐2H‐selenapyran (4b) in the same ratio as found for 2, thus proving the intermediate formation of Se=C(F)CF3 (2). Complex 2D NMR experiments were used to distinguish the isomers 4a and 4b and to assign the 1H, 13C and 19F NMR data of the selenaheterocycles.
Synthese und Charakterisierung von [Zn{Si(NMe2)2(NHCMe3)(NCMe3)}‐(μ‐NC5H4)]2, einem molekularen Einkomponentenvorläufer zur Darstellung von ZnSiN2
Authors: Engering Josef , Jansen Martin 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFür eine Verwendung als Einkomponentenvorläufer für die Darstellung von ZnSiN2 wurde aus dem zweifach lithiierten Aminosilan Si(NMe2)2(NLi t‐Butyl)2 und [ZnCl2(NC5H5)2] das Siladiazazinkacyclobutan [Zn{Si(NMe2)2(NHCMe3)(NCMe3)}(μ‐NC5H4)]2 erstmals dargestellt. Seine Kristallstruktur wurde am Einkristall gelöst (P1, a = 870.5(3) pm, b = 903.8(3) pm, c = 1530.6(4) pm, α = 96.982(5)°, β = 106.501(5)°, γ = 104.729(5)°). Die CP‐MAS‐NMR‐Daten für die Kerne 13C, 15N und 29Si werden mitgeteilt. Der Vorläuferkomplex wurde mit NH3 vernetzt und das so erhaltene Polymer keramisch zu ZnSiN2 abgebaut, das mittels Elementanalyse, EDX, IR und thermischer Analyse charakterisiert wurde. Die Kristallstruktur konnte bestimmt werden (Röntgenpulverdaten, Profilanpassung: P63mc, a = 315.33(1) pm, c = 508.07(2) pm, RB = 4.87). Das thermische Verhalten des Vorläufermoleküls, die Vernetzung mit NH3 zum Polymer und dessen Zersetzung im Gasstrom wurde eingehend untersucht.
Chemischer Transport von Mischkristallen im System CuMoO4/ZnMoO4
Authors: Steiner U. , Reichelt W. , Däbritz S. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractIm System CuMoO4/ZnMoO4 existieren zwei Mischkristallreihen Cu1‐xZnxMoO4 mit x=0 bis x=0.15 bzw. x=0.20 bis x=1. Einkristalle von Cu1‐xZnxMoO4 mit definierter Zusammensetzung wurden mittels Chemischen Transports mit den Transportmitteln Cl2, Br2 und NH4Cl im Temperaturgefälle 973K→873K dargestellt. Während mit Cl2 und NH4Cl keine Verschiebung des Cu/Zn‐Verhältnisses zwischen Auflösungs‐ und Abscheidungsraum beobachtet wird, kommt es mit Br2 zur Abscheidung zinkreicherer Mischkristalle. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse werden den Resultaten thermodynamischer Modellrechnungen gegenübergestellt.
Cyanidverbrückte Dreikernkomplexe mit zentralen M(Cyclam)‐Einheiten
Authors: Appelt Ralf , Vahrenkamp Heinrich 
Published: June 2004

AbstractDurch Umsetzung von Metall‐Cyclam‐Komplexen M(Cyclam)Xn mit metallorganischen Cyaniden LnM′‐CN wurden Dreikernkomplexe LnM′‐CN‐M(Cyclam)‐NC‐M′Ln mit M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni und M′ = Cr, Fe, Ru erhalten. Mit strukturanalytischen, spektroskopischen und elektrochemischen Methoden wurden sie auf elektronische Wechselwirkungen zwischen den beteiligten Metallzentren untersucht.
Supported Organometallic Complexes. XXXVI [1] Diaminediphosphineruthenium(II) Interphase Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of α, β‐Unsaturated Ketones
Authors: Lindner Ekkehard , Al‐Gharabli Samer , Warad Ismail , Mayer Hermann A. , Steinbrecher Stefan , Plies Erich , Seiler Michael , Bertagnolli Helmut 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe T—silyl functionalized diamine‐bis(ether‐phosphine)ruthenium(II) complexes 1a(T°) — 1g(T°) (Scheme 1) were sol‐gel processed in the presence of different amounts of the co‐condensation agents CH3Si(OMe)3 (Me—T°) and (MeO)2SiMe—(CH2)6—MeSi(OMe)2 (D°—C6—D°) to produce a library of the interphase catalysts X1a — X1c, X2a — X2g, and X3a — X3g. Due to the remarkable electronic and steric effects of the co‐ligands on the catalytic activity of such complexes, a series of aliphatic and aromatic diamines was selected. The new polymers were investigated by multinuclear CP/MAS solid‐state NMR spectroscopy as well as by EXAFS, EDX, SEM, and BET methods. Selected interphase catalysts show high activities and selectivities in the hydrogenation of trans‐4‐phenyl‐3‐butene‐2‐one.
A Three—Dimensional Lead(II) Polymer with Bridging Saccharinate and Unusually Coordinated Acetate Ligands — Synthesis, IR Spectra, and Crystal Structure of [Pb(H2O)(μ‐OAc)(μ‐sac)]n
Authors: Yilmaz Veysel T. , Hamamci Sevim , Andac Omer , Guven Kutalmis 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe complex [Pb(H2O)(μ‐OAc)(μ‐sac)]n with acetate (OAc) and saccharinate (sac) ligands was characterized by IR, elemental analysis and X‐ray crystallography. The mixed‐anion lead(II) complex crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system with the space group of P1¯. The single crystal X‐ray analysis shows that the complex is a coordination polymer in which the lead(II) ions have a highly distorted pentagonal bipyramidal coordination geometry. Lead(II) ions are bridged by carboxylate groups in a zigzag arrangement forming one‐dimensional infinite chains, which are also linked by sac bridges and aromatic π‐π contacts between the adjacent phenyl rings of sac ligands, resulting in a three‐dimensional network. One water molecule coordinates the lead(II) ion and also forms weak hydrogen bonds with the sulfonyl oxygen atoms of the neighboring sac ligands. The sac ligand acts as a bridging ligand through the nitrogen and carbonyl oxygen atoms, while the carboxylate moiety of the acetate ligand shows an unusual (bidentate, and bridging) coordination behaviour, which was observed for the first time in the structure.
Synthesis and Characterization of [Mn3(ppi)2(μ‐OAc)4(H2O)2] · 2MeOH — Unusual Structural Properties of a Trinuclear Oxygen‐Rich Manganese Complex
Authors: Pursche Daniel , Triller Michael U. , Reddig Nicole , Rompel Annette , Krebs Bernt 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe trinuclear manganese(II) complex [Mn3(ppi)2(μ‐OAc)4(H2O)2]·2MeOH (1) (Hppi = 2‐pyridylmethyl‐2‐hydroxyphenylimine) is prepared by dissolving two equivalents of Hppi (from the Schiff Base reaction of aminophenol and pyridine‐2‐carboxaldehyde) in acetonitrile and three equivalents of Mn(OAc)2·4H2O in methanol and combining both solutions. The resulting red precipitate was recrystallized to yield red crystals suitable for single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1¯ (no. 2), with a = 9.691(2), b = 10.683(2), c = 11.541(2)Å, α = 63.19(3)°, β = 67.47(3)°, γ = 69.11(3)°, V = 960.2(3)Å3, and Z = 1. The binding mode of carboxylate in 1 represents a model for a transition state between symmetric syn, syn, anti‐μ2‐carboxolato‐O‐ and syn, anti‐μ2‐carboxylato‐O, O′‐coordination. Therefore a rare binding mode for the phenomenon of the carboxylate shift is realized. Furthermore the complex is stabilized by a distinctive hydrogen bonding pathway.
Assembly of 3‐D Network Structures Containing Oxydiacetate and CeIII or CeIV
Authors: Behrsing Thomas , Deacon Glen B. , Forsyth Craig M. , Forsyth Maria , Skelton Brian W. , White Allan H. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractReaction of CeCl3·7H2O with Na2(oda) (oda = O(CH2CO2)22— oxydiacetate) in a 2:3 ratio gives the neutral cerium(III) complex [Ce2(oda)3(H2O)3]·9H2O (1). Treatment of a 1:3 mixture of CeCl3·7H2O and H2oda in water with 4 molar equivalents of NaOH also gives 1 but, with a larger excess of NaOH, the tri‐sodium salt Na3[Ce(oda)3]·9H2O (2) is isolated. Formation of a tri‐ammonium analogue of 2 can be achieved by neutralisation of an aqueous solution of CeCl3·7H2O and H2(oda) in a 1:3 ratio by NH4OH, giving (NH4)3[Ce(oda)3]·7H2O (3). Use of the cerium(IV) reagent (NH4)2[Ce(NO3)6] with Na2(oda) results in reduction to cerium(III) under ambient conditions and isolation of 1. However, in the absence of light this reaction yields crystals of the novel cerium(IV) heterobimetallic [Ce(oda)3Na4(NO3)2] (4). Each of these complexes exhibit a 3‐D network structure having a common nine‐coordinate [Ce(oda)3]n— (n = 2 or 3) subunit, irrespective of the oxidation state of cerium. In 1, six [Ce(oda)3]3— anions are connected, through bridging bidentate carboxylates, to a second Ce3+ site further coordinated by three water molecules. In contrast, the ammonium salt 2, displays isolated [Ce(oda)3]3— anions, devoid of further carboxylate bonding, but enmeshed within a network of hydrogen‐bonded NH4+ cations and water molecules. The remarkable structure of 4 consists of infinite 2‐D sheets of [Na2(NO3)]+ pillared by [Ce(oda)3]2— units, the connectivity arising by multidentate nitrate and carboxylate bridging.
Network Motifs and Thermal Properties of Copper(I) Halide and Pseudohalide Coordination Polymers with 1, 7‐ and 4, 7‐Phenanthroline
Authors: Kromp T. , Sheldrick W. S. , Näther C. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe coordination polymers [CuBr(1, 7‐phen‐κN7)] (1a), [CuI(1, 7‐phen)] (2a) and [(CuI)2(1, 7‐phen‐κN7)] (2b) may be prepared by treatment of the appropriate copper(I) halide with 1, 7‐phenanthroline (1, 7‐phen) in acetonitrile. 1a exhibits staircase CuBr double chains, 2a novel quadruple CuI chains. Their thermal properties were investigated by DTA‐TG and temperature resolved powder X‐ray diffraction. On heating, both 1:1 compounds decompose to 2:1 polymers and then finally to CuBr or CuI. With 4, 7‐phenanthroline (4, 7‐phen), CuBr affords both 1:1 and 2:1 complexes (5a, 5b), CuI 1:1 , 2:1 and 3:1 complexes(6a, 6b, 6c) in acetonitrile at 20 °C. 5a and 6a display lamellar coordination networks, with the former containing zigzag CuBr single chains, the latter 4‐membered (CuI)2 rings. A second 2:1 complex [(CuI)2(4, 7‐phen‐μ‐N4, N7)] (6b′) with staircase CuI double chains can be obtained by reacting CuI with 4, 7‐phen in a sealed glass tube at 110 °C. Both 5a and 6a exhibit thermal decomposition pathways of the general type 1:1 → 2:1 → 3:1 → CuX, and novel CuX triple chains are proposed for the isostructural 3:1 polymers 5c and 6c. X‐ray structures are reported for complexes 1a, 2b, [(CuCN)3(CH3CN)(1, 7‐phen‐μ‐N1, N7)] (3c·CH3CN), [CuSCN(1, 7‐phen‐κN7)] (4a), 5a, 6a and [CuCN(4, 7‐phen‐μ‐N4, N7)] (7a).
Synthesis, Reactivity, and Structural Characterization of Dioxovanadium(V) Complexes with Tridentate Schiff Base Ligand: Vanadium Complexes in Supramolecular Networks
Authors: Plass Winfried , Yozgatli Hakan‐Peter 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe synthesis, characterization and crystal structure analysis of the ammonium salt of the dioxovanadium(V) complex NH4[VO2(salhyph)] with the tridentate Schiff base ligand derived from salicylaldehyde and benzoic acid hydrazide (H2salhyph) is reported. NH4[VO2(salhyph)] crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Pn with a = 708.8(2), b = 1444.3(3), c = 717.1(2) pm and β = 101.09(2)°. The vanadium atom of the dioxovanadium(V) moiety has a distorted square‐pyramidal coordination geometry. Extensive hydrogen bonding is observed between the ammonium cation and the oxygen atoms coordinated to the vanadium atom yielding to a two‐dimensional network, where the complex anions are arranged in a bilayer. Additional crystal packing within the bilayer appears to be controlled mostly by π stacking between the aromatic rings of the ligand. The reactions of NH4[VO2(salhyph)] with several proton acidic compounds including water, methanol, and proton acids lead to neutral monooxovanadium(V) and dioxovanadium(V) complexes ([VO2(Hsalhyph)], [V2O3(salhyph)2] and [VO(OMe)(salhyph)(HOMe)]).
Halbsandwichkomplexe des Iridiums mit Tetramethylcyclopentadienyl als Ringligand
Authors: Mahr A. , Nürnberg O. , Werner H. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractDie Iridium(I)‐Komplexe [(η5‐C5HMe4)Ir(C2H4)2] (2) und [(η5‐C5HMe4)Ir(CO)2] (4), die aus [IrCl(C2H4)2]2 bzw. [IrCl(CO)3]n und LiC5HMe4 dargestellt werden können, reagieren sowohl mit Tosylchlorid als auch mit Halogenen X2 (X = Cl, Br, I) unter oxidativer Addition zu entsprechenden Iridium(III)‐Verbindungen. Bei Einwirkung von CO oder PR3 auf die Komplexe [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrX2]n (7—9) findet eine Spaltung der Halogeno‐Brückenbindungen statt, und es entstehen die einkernigen Produkte [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrX2(CO)] (10, 11) und [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrX2(PR3)] (12—20). Die Molekülstruktur von [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrBr2(PiPr3)] (18) wurde kristallographisch bestimmt. Bei den Umsetzungen von 8 (X = Br) und 9 (X = I) mit Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2 (n = 1 oder 2) bilden sich die verbrückten Verbindungen [{(η5‐C5HMe4)IrX2}2{μ‐Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2}] (21—23). Die Dihalogenokomplexe [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrI2(PPh3)] (16) und [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrX2(PiPr3)] (17—19) reagieren mit Hydridreagenzien zu den Dihydrido‐ bzw. Monohydrido‐Derivaten [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrH2(PPh3)] (24) bzw. [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrH(X)(PiPr3)] (25—27). Die ähnlichen Dimethyl‐ und Monomethyl‐Verbindungen [(η5‐C5HMe4)Ir(CH3)2(PiPr3)] (28) und [(η5‐C5HMe4)IrCH3(I)(PiPr3)] (29) sind aus den Dihalogeno‐Vorstufen 18 bzw. 19 und CH3MgI im Molverhältnis 1:2 bzw. 1:1 erhältlich.
Testing the sequential model of pain processing in irritable bowel syndrome: a structural equation modeling analysis
Authors: Lackner Jeffrey M. , Jaccard James , Blanchard Edward B. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractPain, the cardinal feature of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is a multidimensional phenomenon with sensory and affective dimensions. Price's {Psychological Mechanisms of Pain and Analgesia, 1999} pain processing model was used to delineate four a priori sequentially related stages (pain sensation intensity, immediate pain unpleasantness, long‐term suffering, and pain‐related behavior). Although prior research with both healthy individuals and somatic pain patients supports the model in general, its applicability to IBS is unclear. Our goal was to extend the scope of the sequential model and test its fundamental tenets using structural equation modeling (SEM) with data obtained from 168 Rome II diagnosed IBS patients (19% male, 81% female). A secondary goal was to assess the relationship between a set of contextual factors associated with IBS (age, gender, trait anxiety) and the four pain stages. Results were consistent with a successive order of pain processing such that the pain sensation directly impacts pain unpleasantness, which, in turn, leads to suffering and illness behaviors. However, contrary to a model with strictly successive stages, pain sensation had independent effects on illness behaviors over and above pain affect. The effect of anxiety on illness behavior was mediated by suffering, while psychopathology directly influenced pain sensation and pain unpleasantness but not later stages. Age was related to pain sensation and illness behaviors but not pain affect. Gender tended to be more strongly associated with more distal pain stages (e.g., pain affect) vis‐à‐vis its effects on pain sensation. These data are generally supportive of a four‐stage pain processing model.
Bone formation is enhanced by thrombin‐related peptide TP508 during distraction osteogenesis
Authors: Li Gang , Ryaby James T. , Carney Darrell H. , Wang Hali 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe thrombin‐related peptide, TP508, has been shown to promote soft tissue healing and fracture repair. One possible clinical application of TP508 is to accelerate bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis, which is a lengthy procedure involving significant complications. In this study, we tested the ability of TP508 to accelerate the consolidation phase of distraction osteogenesis in a rabbit model of leg lengthening. Twenty‐three rabbits had left tibiae lengthened for 1 cm over a period of 6 days. TP 508 (0, 30 and 300 μg in 300 μl saline) was injected into the distraction gaps at the beginning and the end of the lengthening phase, and all the animals were killed 2 weeks after lengthening. By the end of experiment, more animals in the TP508 treated groups had complete bony union of the distraction gaps when compared to the saline treated group. pQCT examination of the regenerates demonstrated a significantly greater bone mineral density (BMD) in the TP508 treated groups relative to the saline control group, but no statistical difference in the BMD was found between the two dosages of TP508. Bone consolidation and bone remodeling was far advanced in the TP508 300 μg treated group, and the regenerates mainly consisted of well‐vascularized woven bone. In contrast, in the group that received the 30 μg TP508 treatment, focal bone defects and discontinuities of the new cortices were evident in some but not all animals. In the saline control group a majority of the animals showed large amounts of fibrous and cartilaginous tissues in the regenerates, and none of the regenerates had completed consolidation. This study has demonstrated that local application of TP508 enhanced bone formation and consolidation during distraction osteogenesis in the rabbit. The findings indicate that TP508 may be useful in promoting osteogenesis in situations when augmentative treatment for bone formation and consolidation are needed. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
NF‐Kappa‐B Downregulation Strategies in Head and Neck Cancer Treatment
Authors: Patel Alpen , Miller Lindsay , Ahmed Khalil , Ondrey Frank 
Published: June 2004

OBJECTIVEMultiple biochemical and genetic strategies were used to downregulate early response gene NF‐κB, whose activation controls squamous cell cancer‐associated pathways.STUDY DESIGNNA cells, an oral cavity squamous cell cancer with high NF‐κB activity, were cultured with biochemical NF‐κB inhibitors TPCK and Calpain I inhibitor, as well as specific NF‐κB antisense oligonucleotides. Cell proliferation was measured, as was NF‐κB downregulation using functional luciferase reporter genes and electromobility shift assays.RESULTSSignificant downregulation of cell proliferation and NF‐κB functional activity were demonstrated with either biochemical inhibitor, as well as the antisense oligonucleotides; however, additional nonspecific toxicities were observed with control antisense oligonucleotides.CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCENF‐κB is a potential target for squamous cancer treatment, as it is constitutively upregulated in vitro. Biochemical inhibition of NF‐κB may be a viable treatment strategy for head and neck squamous cancers.