bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomised In Vitro Study Investigating PEEP‐Stability During Application of CPAP With Binasal Prongs and Face Masks
Authors: Sterzik Hanna , Molnar Kriszta , Stauch Anette , Wald Martin , Poets Christian F. , Haase Bianca 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimFace masks and binasal prongs are commonly used interfaces for applying continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in neonatology. We aimed to assess CPAP stability in a randomised controlled in vitro study.MethodsIn a simulated resuscitation scenario of a 1000‐g preterm infant with respiratory distress, 20 operators (10 with/without neonatology experience) aimed to maintain a CPAP of 5 cmH2O as precisely as possible using face masks or binasal prongs in random order. The primary outcome was the minimum‐achieved CPAP at the Y‐piece (PYmin). Secondary outcomes included time to target CPAP, CPAP stability and the impact of operator experience.ResultsBinasal prongs enabled more consistent maintenance of the target CPAP of 5 cmH2O than face masks (median [IQR]: PYmin: binasal prongs, 3.74 cmH2O [3.54–3.88]) vs. 3.20 cmH2O (2.72–3.73), with no significant deviation from the target CPAP. Target CPAP was achieved significantly faster with face masks (2.89 s [1.67–5.64] vs. 6.49 s [4.76–13.62] [p < 0.05]). No significant differences were observed on the basis of operator experience (p > 0.05).ConclusionBinasal prongs allow more accurate CPAP maintenance than face masks regardless of the operator's experience, although current clinical studies offer limited evidence on the superiority of nasal interfaces compared with that of face masks.
When longing goes wrong: Nostalgia can cause a preference for harmful aspects of the past
Authors: Lammers Joris , Alaukik Abhay , Baldwin Matthew 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNostalgia has many benefits for individuals; it can increase meaning, well‐being, and belongingness. In contrast, we show in six studies the harmful policy implications of nostalgia. We propose that nostalgia can lead people to appreciate negative aspects of the past and oppose modern measures to reduce them, with negative implications for health, safety, and well‐being. Four correlational studies (Ntotal = 3081) show that nostalgia proneness correlates with opposition to smoke‐free laws, discounting of car‐safety, opposition to gender equality, and enjoyment of politically incorrect humor. Two experimental studies (Ntotal = 1004) causally link nostalgia to these beliefs. Speaking to their irrational nature, these effects occurred even among people who are aware of the negative consequences of these aspects of the past for health, safety, and well‐being. For example, even nostalgic non‐smokers longed back to the smoke‐filled bars of the past. Given the noted rise in nostalgia in Western society in response to societal change, these findings have important policy implications.Public Significance Statement: We show that people who are more likely to experience nostalgia tend to redefine negative elements of the past as positive. For example, they oppose smoke‐free laws or discount car‐safety. Given that nostalgia is commonly experienced when people feel lost in a fast‐changing world, these findings suggest a need to provide consistency and meaning, especially during times of rapid societal change.
Partial recovery of primary rainforest bird communities in Amazonian secondary forests
Authors: Stouffer Philip C , Rutt Cameron L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLoss of primary rainforest imperils species, communities, and ecosystem services. Secondary forests play a role in supporting primary forest species, making it important to assess how variation in landscape composition, sample area, and secondary forest age influence their value for maintaining biodiversity. We sampled bird communities in three 16‐ha sites in 31‐36‐year‐old secondary forest (SF) and three adjacent primary forest (PF) sites at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project near Manaus, Brazil. SF sites were surrounded by vast, minimally broken PF. Spot‐map surveys revealed 204 species, with 48 found only in PF (SF estimate 117–144 species/site, PF estimate 163–180). SF communities were distinct, but composed almost entirely of PF species and overlapped PF communities in functional attributes. Cavity‐nesting species were slightly underrepresented in SF. Important differences in SF included much reduced abundance of canopy, terrestrial, and insectivorous species. Vegetation structure may limit canopy species: SF had a homogeneous canopy of 20–25 m, >10 m lower than the heterogeneous PF canopy. Sensitivity of terrestrial insectivores conforms to an expected pattern, perhaps exacerbated by a lack of colonists for these regionally declining species. Relatively better recovery of midstory and understory species does not align with some studies, perhaps because our landscape facilitated their colonization. In this system, SF bird communities appear to be recovering, with frugivores, nectarivores, and granivores (including game species) already well matched to PF. Complete recovery may be slowed not just by SF habitat suitability, but also by demographic processes in PF that limit availability of colonists.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
How digitalization can shape markets: the case of sports betting
Authors: Vandenbruaene Jonas , Annaert Jan , De Ceuster Marc 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDigitalization has an impact on many vested businesses, decreasing marginal costs and increasing informed customers, among other things. However, measuring the impact of digitalization remains difficult. Betting markets provide a clean setting to estimate the price impact of digitalization, as products are homogeneous and it is easy to measure pricing behaviour. Consistent with mixed strategy models under imperfect information, we show that between 2000 and 2023, transaction costs for gamblers dropped by over 60%, although transaction‐cost dispersion persists. Furthermore, we also find that betting markets became more informationally efficient over this period, with a significant decrease in the favourite–longshot bias.
Holistic Education Framework for Individualised Anti‐Stigma Quality Learning
Authors: El‐Sayed M. , El‐Sayed J. , Burke K. , Apple D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn any educational setting, stigmatisation and implicit biases can stifle growth and reduce the quality of the learning experience of students from low socio‐economic status by creating invisible barriers to opportunity and achievement. Furthermore, due to the lack of monitoring and mentoring, these invisible barriers become harder to detect and overcome. Considering that human learning potential has no limits, there is a need for quality teaching and learning processes that provide fitting unstigmatized learning experience to each individual learner. To achieve the fitting learning experience and desired outcomes, understanding teaching quality is essential for continuous improvement of educational objectives, curricular contents and instructional delivery. Considering that teaching and learning are two interconnected phases of any educational process, both teaching and learning have distinctive subphases leading to desired outcomes that are tied to the long reaching educational objectives. It is evident that, at the end of any successful education process, the learning outcomes demonstrated by the constructed learning of the learner are strongly linked to the quality of the instituted educational objective, curricular contents, and quality unstigmatized delivery of the teacher to each individual learner. In fact, studies of the quality of the learning experiences show that one of the main keys to maximising learners' success is the quality of course contents and instructional activities. To ensure quality of the learning experience to all the learners in the class, these instructional activities must provide the needed monitoring and mentoring to each individual learner. In this paper, a framework for individualised unstigmatized holistic education process teaching and learning phases is discussed from quality of education perspective. The framework addresses the full learner development, the corresponding holistic teaching, and the teacher learner interface. The essential elements, subphases and key characteristics are discussed through the development of the three educational framework domains. The development and deployment of the presented framework are illustrated in higher education context.
Inherited non‐syndromic polydactyly in a Berber and Arabian‐Berber horse family
Authors: Baville Ella , Carstanjen Bianca , Thomas‐Cancian Aurélie , Calgaro Anne , Bonnet Nathale , Tiret Laurent , Gache Vincent , Abitbol Marie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundSupernumerary digits, or polydactyly, have been described in various species including humans, wild and domestic animals. In horses, it represents the most common congenital limb malformation, which has only been described in isolated cases or nuclear families. Molecular aetiology has not been reported.ObjectivesTo characterise the phenotype of a non‐syndromic pre‐axial polydactyly in a horse family and to decipher the inheritance pattern.Study designRetrospective study.MethodsForty‐three members of the family including a previously reported polydactyl case were recruited. Available clinical and radiographical findings from the initial case and its family members were summarised and karyotypic examinations of the horses were performed.ResultsOn clinical examination, eight horses (including the previously reported case) had one or two supernumerary digits on their forelimbs and one additional case was diagnosed using radiography. Additional digits were located on the medial side of the forelimbs in all nine polydactyl horses. Radiography highlighted variable expression of the defect, which was either unilateral or bilateral. Variations were observed in the number of supernumerary phalanges, the level of development of a rudimentary metacarpal bone, the individualisation of a supernumerary digit and the existence of a rudimentary hoof. All nine affected horses were related to a single stallion. Pedigree analysis revealed that the most likely inheritance pattern was autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. A more complex mode could not be ruled out.Main limitationsRestricted recruitment of the family members due to confidentiality constraints and to international dispersal of the relatives, quality of radiographs.ConclusionsWe describe an equine preaxial polydactyly in a Berber and Arabian‐Berber family most likely with autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance. This is the first description of an inherited non‐syndromic polydactyly in horses.
Rationale and Design of the InsightPFA Trial: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial of the Irreversible Electroporation‐Based Pulsed Field Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation in Chinese Patients With Symptomatic Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Lin Weidong , Pu Sijia , Chu Huimin , Chang Dong , Yin Xiaomeng , Wang Yuegang , Xu Yizhou , Li Shaolong , Yang Jian , Zhu Wenqing , Li Songnan , Gao Weidong , Chen Yanbo , Xu Dong , Jiang Chenyang , Xue Yumei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPulsed field ablation (PFA) is gaining recognition as a nonthermal, tissue‐specific technique for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). The preclinical evaluation of the investigated novel PFA system from Insight Medtech Co. Ltd has demonstrated feasibility, safety, and 30‐day efficacy for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in the swine model. We are currently conducting a randomized controlled trial to compare the PFA directly with ablation‐index (AI)‐guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for PVI.Methods and ResultsThe InsightPFA trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness and safety of PFA versus RFA for PVI in Chinese patients with symptomatic paroxysmal AF. Two hundred and ninety‐two patients diagnosed with symptomatic paroxysmal AF will be randomly assigned to either the PFA group or the RFA group in a 1:1 ratio. All subjects will undergo PVI using PFA or AI‐guided RFA and be followed up to 12 months. The primary endpoint is defined as freedom from any episodes of AF/AFL/AT without Class I or III antiarrhythmic drugs during the 9‐month follow‐up period after a 90‐day blank period. The secondary endpoints of effectiveness include acute treatment success and procedural data. The safety evaluation includes a composite of death, stroke and transient ischemic attack, procedure‐related complications, device‐related adverse events, and serious adverse events. A noninferiority comparison will be conducted between the novel PFA system and the existing RFA system in terms of both effectiveness and safety.ConclusionsThis trial aims to determine whether the InsightPFA for PVI is as effective and safe as standard RFA in the treatment of symptomatic paroxysmal AF.Trial Registration: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06014996; NCT06014996.
Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity Is Associated With All‐Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Feng Xiao‐Hua , Chen Yi , Chen Xue‐Qi , Zhao Wei‐Hong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to assess the correlation between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and mortality rates related to all‐cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the United States.A total of 4669 participants with CKD were identified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 1999 and 2018. We calculated the incidence of CKD using an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Our study examined the association between ePWV and mortality risk based on weighted Kaplan–Meier plots and multivariate Cox regression. Linear testing between ePWV and mortality from all causes and CVD was performed using restricted cubic splines and Cox regression. This study included 4669 patients with CKD from the NHANES, representing 37 million Americans with CKD. There was a mean age of 71.9 years, and 48.1% of participants were male. With every increase of 1 m/s in ePWV measurement, there is a corresponding 31% (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–1.34) increase in the rate of mortality from all causes and a 32% (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.27–1.37) increase in the rate of mortality from CVD. A significantly higher rate of cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality was observed in patients with CKD with elevated ePWV than in those with lower ePWV, as shown in the weighted Kaplan–Meier plots. Patients with CKD have a significant relationship between ePWV and all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Identification and Immunological Characterization of Cuproptosis Related Genes in Preeclampsia Using Bioinformatics Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Yu Tiantian , Wang Guiying , Xu Xia , Yan Jianying 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPreeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy‐specific disorder characterized by an unclearly understood pathogenesis and poses a great threat to maternal and fetal safety. Cuproptosis, a novel form of cellular death, has been implicated in the advancement of various diseases. However, the role of cuproptosis and immune‐related genes in PE is unclear. The current study aims to elucidate the gene expression matrix and immune infiltration patterns of cuproptosis‐related genes (CRGs) in the context of PE. The GSE98224 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and utilized as the internal training set. Based on the GSE98224 dataset, we explored the differentially expressed cuproptosis related genes (DECRGs) and immunological composition. We identified 10 DECRGs conducted Gene Ontology (GO) function, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, and a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Furthermore, patients with PE were categorized into two distinct clusters, and an investigation was conducted to examine the status of immune cell infiltration. Additionally, the application of Weighted Gene Co‐expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to differentiate modules consisting of co‐expressed genes and conduct clustering analysis. The intersecting genes were obtained by intersecting differently expressed genes in PE and PE clusters. The most precise forecasting model was chosen by evaluating the effectiveness of four machine learning models. The ResNet model was established to score the hub genes. The prediction accuracy was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and an external dataset. We successfully identified five key DECREGs and two pathological clusters in PE, each with distinct immune profiles and biological characteristics. Subsequently, the RF model was deemed the most optimal model for the identification of PE with a large area under the curve (AUC = 0.733). The five genes that ranked highest in the RF machine learning model were considered to be predictor genes. The calibration curve demonstrated a high level of accuracy in aligning the predicted outcomes with the actual outcomes. We validate the ResNet model using the ROC curve with the area under the curve (AUC = 0.82). Cuproptosis and immune infiltration may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PE. The present study elucidated that GSTA4, KCNK5, APLNR, IKZF2, and CAP2 may be potential markers of cuproptosis‐associated PE and are considered to play a significant role in the initiation and development of cuproptosis‐induced PE.
Ultrastructure expansion microscopy: Enlarging our perspective on apicomplexan cell division
Authors: Horjales Sofía , Sena Florencia , Francia María E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractApicomplexans, a large phylum of protozoan intracellular parasites, well known for their ability to invade and proliferate within host cells, cause diseases with major health and economic impacts worldwide. These parasites are responsible for conditions such as malaria, cryptosporidiosis, and toxoplasmosis, which affect humans and other animals. Apicomplexans exhibit complex life cycles, marked by diverse modes of cell division, which are closely associated with their pathogenesis. All the unique structural and evolutionary characteristics of apicomplexan parasites, the biology underlying life stage transitions, and the singular mechanisms of cell division alongside their associated biomedical relevance have captured the attention of parasitologists of all times. Traditional light and electron microscopy have set the fundamental foundations of our understanding of these parasites, including the distinction among their modes of cell division. This has been more recently complemented by microscopy advances through the implementation of superresolution fluorescence microscopy, and variants of electron microscopy, such as cryo‐EM and tomography, revealing intricate details of organelles and cell division. Ultrastructure Expansion Microscopy has emerged as a transformative, accessible approach that enhances resolution by physically expanding samples isometrically, allowing nanoscale visualisation on standard light microscopes. In this work, we review the most recent contributions of U‐ExM and its recent improvements and innovations, in providing unprecedented insights into apicomplexan ultrastructure and its associated mechanisms, focusing particularly on cell division. We highlight the power of U‐ExM in combination with protein‐specific labelling, in aiding the visualisation of long oversighted organelles and detailed insights into the assembly of parasite‐specific structures, such as the conoid in Plasmodia, and the apical‐basal axis in Toxoplasma, respectively, during new parasite assembly. Altogether, the contributions of U‐ExM reveal conserved and unique structural features across species while nearing super resolution. The development of these methodologies and their combination with different technologies are crucial for advancing our mechanistic understanding of apicomplexan biology, offering new perspectives that may facilitate novel therapeutic strategies against apicomplexan‐caused diseases.
Neurological Performance and Clinical Outcomes Related to Patients With Oropouche‐Associated Guillain–Barré Syndrome
Authors: Martos‐Benítez Frank D. , Betancourt‐Plaza Iliovanys , Osorio‐Carmenates Isleidys , González‐Martínez Nadieska J. , Moráles‐Suárez Ileana , Peña‐García Carilda E. , Pérez‐Matos Yudeily L. , Lestayo‐O'Farrill Zurina , de Armas‐Fernández José R. , Cárdenas‐González Raysa C. , Izquierdo‐Castañeda Judet , la Rosa Ernesto Sánchez‐de , Orama‐Requejo Versis 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsA recent study reported that Oropouche virus (OROV) infection may play a role in the etiology of Guillain–Barré syndrome. We aimed to identify the neurological performance, disease‐modifying therapies, and clinical outcomes related to patients with Oropouche‐associated Guillain–Barré syndrome admitted to the critical care unit.MethodsThis was an analysis of 210 patients diagnosed with Guillain–Barré syndrome and suspicion of Oropouche viral infection admitted to the critical care units from June 2024 to September 2024 using the national administrative healthcare data. OROV was identified by reverse‐transcriptase–polymerase‐chain‐reaction. Patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome and Oropouche infection were compared with those without Oropouche infection in terms of demography features, neurological performance, disease‐modifying therapies, and clinical outcomes.ResultsMost patients had a severe disease. Mechanical ventilation was required in 28.6%. Overall mortality rate was 14.3%. The median time from onset of weakness to intensive care unit discharge, and the median time from hospital admission to intensive care unit discharge was 18 days (IQR: 13–24.3 days) and 13 days (IQR: 9–19 days), respectively. Oropouche viral infection was detected in 43 (20.5%) patients. There were no differences among patients with and without Oropouche viral infection regarding general characteristics, neurological performance, disease‐modifying therapies, and outcomes. After adjusting for confounders in multivariate logistic regression analysis, Oropouche viral infection (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: 0.72–5.20; p = 0.189) was not related to increased mortality.InterpretationOropouche viral infection does not modify the clinical course, disease severity, and outcomes of patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome.
The Impact of Polluters' Cleanup on Land Values: Evidence From Pollution‐Intensive Industries in China
Authors: Dong Xiaofang , Huang Zenghe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study utilizes geocoded land transaction data and information on industrial polluting firms to examine the impact of pollution‐intensive firm cleanup on land values in China. Our findings reveal that land parcels with cleanup of at least one heavy polluting enterprise within a 2 km radius experienced a 15.2% increase in land prices compared to those without cleanup. This effect is more pronounced for parcels situated further from the central business district, designated for commercial use, and located in smaller noncapital cities. The emergence of new clean and high‐tech firms, along with population growth post‐cleanup, are identified as primary drivers behind the upward trend in land values. However, within 500 meters of a cleanup site, there can be adverse effects on adjacent land, although overall, cleanup boosts land values.