bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological description and trajectories of patients with prostate cancer in Denmark: an observational study of 7448 patients
Authors: Blanes-Vidal Victoria , Tashk Ashkan , Cantuaria Manuella Lech , Hansen Rasmus Søgaard , Poulsen Charlotte A. , Poulsen Mads H. , Krogh Marie-Louise , Sheikh Søren P. , Nadimi Esmaeil S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
Identification of patients at high risk of aggressive prostate cancer is a major clinical challenge. With the view of developing artificial intelligence-based methods for identification of these patients, we are constructing a comprehensive clinical database including 7448 prostate cancer (PCa) Danish patients. In this paper we provide an epidemiological description and patients’ trajectories of this retrospective observational population, to contribute to the understanding of the characteristics and pathways of PCa patients in Denmark.

Results
Individuals receiving a PCa diagnosis during 2008–2014 in Region Southern Denmark were identified, and all diagnoses, operations, investigations, and biochemistry analyses, from 4 years prior, to 5 years after PCa diagnosis were obtained. About 85.1% were not diagnosed with metastatic PCa during the study period (unaggressive PCa); 9.2% were simultaneously diagnosed with PCa and metastasis (aggressive-advanced PCa), while 5.7% were not diagnosed with metastatic PCa at first, but they were diagnosed with metastasis at some point during the 5 years follow-up (aggressive-not advanced PCa). Patients with unaggressive PCa had more clinical investigations directly related to PCa detection (prostate ultrasounds and biopsies) during the 4 years prior to PCa diagnosis, compared to patients with aggressive PCa, which may have contributed to the early detection of PCa.
Mosaic environment-driven evolution of the deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons bacterial endosymbiont
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Minxiao , Cao Lei , Seim Inge , Zhou Li , Chen Jianwei , Wang Hao , Zhong Zhaoshan , Chen Hao , Fu Lulu , Li Mengna , Li Chaolun , Sun Song 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The within-species diversity of symbiotic bacteria represents an important genetic resource for their environmental adaptation, especially for horizontally transmitted endosymbionts. Although strain-level intraspecies variation has recently been detected in many deep-sea endosymbionts, their ecological role in environmental adaptation, their genome evolution pattern under heterogeneous geochemical environments, and the underlying molecular forces remain unclear.

Results
Here, we conducted a fine-scale metagenomic analysis of the deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons bacterial endosymbiont collected from distinct habitats: hydrothermal vent and methane seep. Endosymbiont genomes were assembled using a pipeline that distinguishes within-species variation and revealed highly heterogeneous compositions in mussels from different habitats. Phylogenetic analysis separated the assemblies into three distinct environment-linked clades. Their functional differentiation follows a mosaic evolutionary pattern. Core genes, essential for central metabolic function and symbiosis, were conserved across all clades. Clade-specific genes associated with heavy metal resistance, pH homeostasis, and nitrate utilization exhibited signals of accelerated evolution. Notably, transposable elements and plasmids contributed to the genetic reshuffling of the symbiont genomes and likely accelerated adaptive evolution through pseudogenization and the introduction of new genes.

Conclusions
The current study uncovers the environment-driven evolution of deep-sea symbionts mediated by mobile genetic elements. Its findings highlight a potentially common and critical role of within-species diversity in animal-microbiome symbioses.
Psychometric properties of the Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire (POGQ) in a Moroccan sample of university students
Authors: Abbouyi Samira , Bouazza Samira , El Hilaly Jaouad , Ragala Mohammed El Amine , El Rhazi Karima , Zarrouq Btissame 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire (POGQ) instrument consists of 18 items with a six-factor structure. This questionnaire is widely utilized to measure the degree of problematic online gaming, but the scale has not, up to date, been validated in Arabic language. This study aimed to assess POGQ scale validity and reliability in Moroccan context.

Methods
The research was conducted from April to June 2023 using an online questionnaire. The selected sample involved Moroccan university students. Data were analyzed in two successive phases. First, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to assess the factor structure in the first sample (n1 = 143). Then, this structure was confirmed in the second sample (n2 = 313) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results
The EFA and CFA results demonstrated that the POGQ has a six-factor structure explained 72% of the total variance. The results of this analysis provided an optimal fit to the data confirming a good performance of the measurement model (χ² = 243.6; CFI = 0.981; TLI = 0.976; RMSEA = 0.048; NFI = 0.964; IFI = 0. 981; SRMR = 0.022). The instrument showed sufficient reliability and convergent validity demonstrated by acceptable values of composite reliability (CR = 0.68–0.90), and average variance extracted (AVE = 0.50–0.75), respectively. Finally, the Arabic version of POGQ was found to have a high test–retest reliability.

Conclusions
The Arabic version of POGQ revealed adequate psychometric properties. As a result, the instrument might be used to measure the degree of problematic online gaming. The use of the POGQ is expected to further promote research on online game dependence treatment and prevention.
Macrokinetics of the deterioration of cement-based grouting material for predicting its service life under acid rain attack
Authors: Hu Wenjing , Fang Shiqiang , Xie Lina , Chen Xueqiang , Zhang Bingjian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cement-based grouting material is widely used to reinforce the unsafe rock and control seepage of rock-carved relics although it is considered inappropriate in protection of ancient sites. As this approach is irreversible, a longer service life is desirable for the grouting material and methods to predict the service life are needed. Here we propose a universal formula based on the dissolved amount of calcium ion to predict the deterioration rate of cement-based grout caused by acid deposition in the laboratory. The experimental results showed that the dissolved amount of calcium ion had a linear relationship with lnT and the pH value, with better accuracy when the pH value was greater than 3.0. This work maybe could provide a facile and quantitative method to help us predict the service life of cement-based grouting material under acid rain attack outdoors.
Variation in coagulation factor activity levels cause discrepancies between activated partial thromboplastin time and anti-Xa activity for heparin monitoring: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Saito Tomoyo , Hayakawa Mineji , Kumano Osamu , Honma Yoshinori , Murashita Mone , Kato Jun , Fukui Syouki , Takahashi Masaki , Takahashi Yuki , Tsuchida Takumi , Mizugaki Asumi , Takauji Shuhei , Hayamizu Mariko , Yoshida Tomonao , Katabami Kenichi , Wada Takeshi , Maekawa Kunihiko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is primarily monitored using activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). However, the recent introduction of anti-activated factor X (anti-Xa) activity testing has provided a direct evaluation of Xa inhibition by anticoagulants. This study aimed to investigate discrepancies between APTT and anti-Xa activity during UFH monitoring in critically ill patients and explore their underlying causes.

Methods
This study analyzed 271 pairs of laboratory test results from blood samples of 99 critically ill patients receiving continuous intravenous UFH. Theoretical APTT values were calculated using fitted curve equations from spiked sample measurements with anti-Xa activity. Samples were categorized into three groups based on the measurement of the APTT/theoretical APTT ratio: the lower group (< 80%), the concordant group (80–120%), and the upper group (> 120%).

Results
The overall concordance rate between APTT and anti-Xa activity was 45%, with a 55% discrepancy rate. The lower group frequently showed apparent heparin overdoses, while coagulation factor activities in the lower and upper groups were higher and lower, respectively, than those in the concordant group. Particularly, the lower group exhibited higher factor VIII activity levels than the upper and concordant groups.

Conclusions
Discrepancies between APTT and anti-Xa activity were frequently observed, influenced by changes in coagulation factors activity levels. The lower and upper groups were classified as pseudo-heparin-resistant and coagulopathy types, respectively. Accurate monitoring of heparin in critically ill patients is crucial, especially in cases of pseudo-heparin resistance, where APTT values may wrongly indicate inadequate heparin dosing despite sufficient anti-Xa activity. Understanding these discrepancies is important for managing heparin therapy in critically ill patients.
Trial registration: Not applicable.
A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research – part 1: opportunities in clinical application and overcoming existing challenges
Authors: Zsidai Bálint , Hilkert Ann‐Sophie , Kaarre Janina , Narup Eric , Senorski Eric Hamrin , Grassi Alberto , Ley Christophe , Longo Umile Giuseppe , Herbst Elmar , Hirschmann Michael T. , Kopf Sebastian , Seil Romain , Tischer Thomas , Samuelsson Kristian , Feldt Robert ,   ESSKA Artificial Intelligence Working Group
Published: November 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform medical research by improving disease diagnosis, clinical decision‐making, and outcome prediction. Despite the rapid adoption of AI and machine learning (ML) in other domains and industry, deployment in medical research and clinical practice poses several challenges due to the inherent characteristics and barriers of the healthcare sector. Therefore, researchers aiming to perform AI‐intensive studies require a fundamental understanding of the key concepts, biases, and clinical safety concerns associated with the use of AI. Through the analysis of large, multimodal datasets, AI has the potential to revolutionize orthopaedic research, with new insights regarding the optimal diagnosis and management of patients affected musculoskeletal injury and disease. The article is the first in a series introducing fundamental concepts and best practices to guide healthcare professionals and researcher interested in performing AI‐intensive orthopaedic research studies. The vast potential of AI in orthopaedics is illustrated through examples involving disease‐ or injury‐specific outcome prediction, medical image analysis, clinical decision support systems and digital twin technology. Furthermore, it is essential to address the role of human involvement in training unbiased, generalizable AI models, their explainability in high‐risk clinical settings and the implementation of expert oversight and clinical safety measures for failure. In conclusion, the opportunities and challenges of AI in medicine are presented to ensure the safe and ethical deployment of AI models for orthopaedic research and clinical application.Level of evidence IV
A review of the genus Muusoctopus (Cephalopoda: Octopoda) from Arctic waters
Authors: Golikov Alexey V. , Gudmundsson Gudmundur , Blicher Martin E. , Jørgensen Lis L. , Korneeva Ekaterina I. , Olafsdottir Steinunn H. , Shagimardanova Elena I. , Shigapova Leyla H. , Zakharov Denis V. , Zimina Olga L. , Sabirov Rushan M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report two Arctic species of incirrate octopods new to science. One is formally described here as Muusoctopus aegir Golikov, Gudmundsson & Sabirov sp. nov. while the other, Muusoctopus sp. 1, is not formally described due to a limited number of samples (all are immature individuals). These two species differ from each other, and from other Muusoctopus, especially in: 1) absence of stylets (in M. aegirsp. nov.); 2) proportions of mantle and head; 3) funnel organ morphology (W-shaped with medial and marginal limbs of equal length in M. aegirsp. nov., or medial are slightly longer; V V-shaped with medial limbs slightly longer and broader than marginal in Muusoctopus sp. 1); 4) sucker and gill lamellae counts; 5) relative arm length and sucker diameter; and 6) male reproductive system relative size and morphology. Species of Muusoctopus now comprise four of 12 known Arctic cephalopods. Additionally, this study provides: a) new data on the morphology and reproductive biology of M. johnsonianus and M. sibiricus, and a diagnosis of M. sibiricus; b) the equations to estimate mantle length and body mass from beak measurements of M. aegirsp. nov. and M. johnsonianus; c) a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene barcode for M. sibiricus; d) new data on the ecology and distribution of all studied species; and e) a data table for the identification of northern North Atlantic and Arctic species of Muusoctopus.
Apparent diffusion coefficient value of brain metastasis from lung carcinoma as potential predictor of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation
Authors: Hanafi Muchtar , Rahayu Rachmi Fauziah , Ardyanto Tonang Dwi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung carcinoma metastases to the brain occurred in 40% of all lung carcinoma cases and it occupied the top ranking of mortality of cancers. MRI plays an important role in predicting mutations of lung carcinoma.

Objective
This study aimed to compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values ​​from brain MRI among lung carcinoma patients with and without epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations which result in brain metastases.

Methods
Data of fifty-two patients with brain metastasis from lung carcinoma during 2019 to 2022 were taken. The three regions of interest (ROI) were placed to the mutation, non-mutation, and non-lesion groups to predict ADC values.

Results
The ADC values of the EGFR mutation group were not significantly different from either the non-EGFR mutation group or the non-lesion group. The average ADC value of the EGFR mutation group was the lowest, followed by the non-EGFR mutation group and the non-lesion group. The prediction of ADC values ​in the EGFR mutation group ranged 0,773–0,815 × 10−3 mm2/s, followed by the non-EGFR mutation group 0,82 × 10−3 mm2/s, and non-lesion group 0.841 × 10−3 mm2/s.

Conclusions
The ADC values in contrast-brain-MRI can be used as a predictor of EGFR mutations in lung carcinoma with lower prediction value than non-EGFR mutation patients. The ADC values in MRI can contribute in diagnosing and planning further management for lung carcinoma towards precision therapy era.
Clinical Bridging Studies and Modeling Approach for Implementation of a Patient Centric Sampling Technique in Padsevonil Clinical Development
Authors: Kramer Hester , Bicer Ceyhun , Otoul Christian , Rospo Chiara , Macpherson Merran , Watling Mark , Bani Massimo , Sciberras David , Chanteux Hugues 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVolumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) techniques have gained popularity these last years as innovative tool for collection of blood pharmacokinetic (PK) samples in clinical trials as they offer many advantages over dried blood spot and conventional venous blood sampling. The use of Mitra®, a blood collection device based on volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) technology, was implemented during clinical development of padsevonil (PSL), an anti-seizure medication (ASM) candidate. The present study describes the approach used to bridge plasma (obtained from conventional venous blood sampling) and blood exposures (obtained with Mitra®) to support the use of Mitra as sole blood PK sampling method in clinical trials. Paired blood (using Mitra®) and plasma samples (using conventional venous blood sampling) were collected in healthy volunteers as well as in patients with epilepsy. PSL concentration in plasma and blood were analyzed using different approaches which included evaluation of blood-to-plasma ratios (B/P) over time, linear regression, Bland-Altman analysis as well as development of a linear-mixed effect model based on clinical pharmacology studies. Results showed that the observed in vivo B/P and the measured bias between the 2 collection methods were consistent with the measured in vitro B/P. Graphical analysis demonstrated a clear time effect on the B/P which was confirmed in the linear mixed effect model with sampling time identified as significant covariate. Finally, the built-in model was validated using independent datasets and was shown to adequately predict plasma concentration based on blood concentration with a mean bias of less than 9% (predicted versus observed plasma concentration).
Graphical Abstract
Revisiting the metal-to-metal transition in 2H-AgNiO2
Authors: Gondolf Jannik , Eremin Ilya M. , Lechermann Frank 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The layered delafossite compound AgNiO2 with

stacking symmetry undergoes a structural metal-to-metal transition at

. It has been described in the past as a charge-ordering transition, where local S = 1 spins are formed on part of the Ni sites. By means of first-principles many-body calculations, we show that the transition is in fact a site-selective Mott transition on the Ni sublattice with only minor charge differentiation. Key to this finding is the uncovering of ligand-hole physics, rendering a Ni2+ instead of a formal Ni3+ oxidation state, in conjunction with strong local Coulomb repulsions.
Increased OCT3 Expression in Adipose Tissue With Aging: Implications for Catecholamine and Lipid Turnover and Insulin Resistance in Women
Authors: Ahmed Fozia , Vranic Milica , Hetty Susanne , Mathioudaki Argyri , Patsoukaki Vagia , Fanni Giovanni , Pereira Maria J , Eriksson Jan W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis is reduced with aging, which may promote adiposity and insulin resistance. Organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), which is inhibited by estradiol (E2), mediates catecholamine transport into adipocytes for degradation, thus decreasing lipolysis. In this study, we investigated the association of OCT3 mRNA levels in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with aging and markers of insulin resistance in women.

Methods
SAT biopsies were obtained from 66 women with (19) or without (47) type 2 diabetes (age 22-76 years, 20.0-40.1 kg/m2). OCT3 mRNA and protein levels were measured for group comparisons and correlation analysis. SAT was incubated with E2 and OCT3 mRNA levels were measured. Associations between OCT3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and diabetes-associated traits were assessed.

Results
OCT3 mRNA and protein levels in SAT increased with aging. SAT from postmenopausal women had higher levels of OCT3 than premenopausal women, and there was a dose-dependent reduction in OCT3 mRNA levels in SAT treated with E2. OCT3 mRNA levels were negatively associated with markers of insulin resistance, and ex vivo lipolysis. OCT3 SNPs were associated with BMI, waist to hip ratio, and circulating lipids (eg, triglycerides).

Conclusion
OCT3 mRNA and protein levels in SAT increased with aging, and mRNA levels were negatively associated with markers of insulin resistance. E2 incubation downregulated OCT3 mRNA levels, which may explain lower OCT3 mRNA in premenopausal vs postmenopausal women. High OCT3 protein levels in adipose tissue may result in increased catecholamine degradation, and this can contribute to the reduction in lipolysis observed in women with aging.
Dysregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum blocks recruitment of centrosome-associated proteins resulting in mitotic failure
Authors: Rollins Katherine R. , Blankenship J. Todd 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) undergoes a remarkable transition in morphology during cell division to aid in the proper portioning of the ER. However, whether changes in ER behaviors modulate mitotic events is less clear. Like many animal embryos, the early Drosophila embryo undergoes rapid cleavage cycles in a lipid-rich environment. Here, we show that mitotic spindle formation, centrosomal maturation, and ER condensation occur with similar time frames in the early syncytium. In a screen for Rab family GTPases that display dynamic function at these stages, we identified Rab1. Rab1 disruption led to an enhanced buildup of ER at the spindle poles and produced an intriguing ‘mini-spindle’ phenotype. ER accumulation around the mitotic space negatively correlates with spindle length/intensity. Importantly, centrosomal maturation is defective in these embryos, as mitotic recruitment of key centrosomal proteins is weakened after Rab1 disruption. Finally, division failures and ER overaccumulation is rescued by Dynein inhibition, demonstrating that Dynein is essential for ER spindle recruitment. These results reveal that ER levels must be carefully tuned during mitotic processes to ensure proper assembly of the division machinery.
Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 rescue Müller glia-derived progenitor cell formation in microglia- and macrophage-ablated chick retinas
Authors: El-Hodiri Heithem M. , Bentley James R. , Reske Alana G. , Taylor Olivia B. , Palazzo Isabella , Campbell Warren A. , Halloy Nicklaus R. , Fischer Andy J. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Recent studies have demonstrated the impact of pro-inflammatory signaling and reactive microglia/macrophages on the formation of Müller glial-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) in the retina. In chick retina, ablation of microglia/macrophages prevents the formation of MGPCs. Analyses of single-cell RNA-sequencing chick retinal libraries revealed that quiescent and activated microglia/macrophages have a significant impact upon the transcriptomic profile of Müller glia (MG). In damaged monocyte-depleted retinas, MG fail to upregulate genes related to different cell signaling pathways, including those related to Wnt, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HBEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and retinoic acid receptors. Inhibition of GSK3β, to simulate Wnt signaling, failed to rescue the deficit in MGPC formation, whereas application of HBEGF or FGF2 completely rescued the formation of MGPCs in monocyte-depleted retinas. Inhibition of Smad3 or activation of retinoic acid receptors partially rescued the formation of MGPCs in monocyte-depleted retinas. We conclude that signals produced by reactive microglia/macrophages in damaged retinas stimulate MG to upregulate cell signaling through HBEGF, FGF and retinoic acid, and downregulate signaling through TGFβ/Smad3 to promote the reprogramming of MG into proliferating MGPCs.