bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Perceptions of medical and dental students with regards to an effective medical teacher in the light of the rhetorical relational goal theory- A mixed method study.’
Authors: Masood Amna , Rafi Aisha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The qualities of medical teachers in accordance to the Rhetorical and Relational goal theory have been aforementioned in literature several times. However, additional qualities have since evolved due to the ever changing field of medical education, which requires further exploration.
Methods
This was a convergent mixed method study in which the quantitative and qualitative strands were run concurrently at Shifa Colleges of Medicine and Dentistry, Islamabad. Quantitative tool was a pre-validated survey which was adopted after slight modification according to the local context. For the qualitative component, four focus groups were conducted, two each from Shifa colleges of medicine and dentistry respectively. Quantitative study sample included 212 students, while qualitative component included 24 students. Qualitative data was analyzed with the aid of NVivo software while the principles of thematic analysis were followed while quantitative results were analyzed by SPSS software. Once the results were obtained from both the data sets, integration was done by following the non-crossover horizontal mixed analysis as devised by Onwuegbuzie and meta-inferences were drawn accordingly.
Results
Results from the quantitative component concluded that students gave equal preferences to all qualities once given the necessity budget. However, clarity (rhetorical quality) was given the highest priority by the students once they were given the luxury budget while disclosureand assertiveness (relational qualities) were amongst the lowest rated qualities. In the qualitative findings however, there was a mix of opinions and a number of qualities from both the categories (rhetorical and relational) emerged; the students preferred their teachers having relational qualities like being open to communication, encouraging and empathetic. They also emphasized that teachers should be competent, knowledgeable and teach using interactive methods. Integration of results from both the paradigms however, showed convergence in two qualities, clarity and humorous while divergence in disclosure.
Conclusion
Individual findings from both the data sets revealed that the students in this study perceived that a good teacher should have a blend of both, relational and rhetorical qualities. However, after integration and meta-analysis, the students in our study exhibited a slightly greater preference for their teachers having rhetorical qualities as compared to relational ones. To add to the growing corpus of knowledge, further investigation into rhetorical and relational qualities is required by following a mixed method technique similar to this study.
Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing interleukin-10 prevented allergic airway inflammation
Authors: Kuang Peng-Peng , Liu Xiao‑Qing , Li Chan-Gu , He Bi-Xin , Xie Ying-Chun , Wu Zi-Cong , Li Cheng-Lin , Deng Xiao-Hui , Fu Qing-Ling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds:
Allergic airway inflammation is widely distributed worldwide and imposes a considerable burden on both society and affected individuals. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic advantages of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressed interleukin-10 (IL-10) for the treatment of allergic airway inflammation, as both IL-10 and MSCs possess immunosuppressive properties.
Methods
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were engineered to overexpress IL-10 by lentivirus transfection (designated as IL-10-MSCs). The MSCs and IL-10-MSCs were administrated intravenously to the mice induced as allergic inflammation using ovalbumin (OVA), and the features of allergic inflammation, including inflammatory cell infiltration, Th cells in lung and T helper 2 cells (Th2) cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined. MSCs and IL-10-MSCs were co-cultured with CD4+ T cells from patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and the level of Th2 cells and the expression of corresponding type 2 cytokines were studied. RNA-sequence was employed to further probe the potential effects of MSCs and IL-10-MSCs on CD4+ T cells.
Results
Stable IL-10-MSCs were established and characterized as high expression of IL-10. IL-10-MSCs significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and epithelial goblet cell numbers in lung tissue of mice with allergic airway inflammation. Inflammatory cells and cytokine levels in BALF were also decreased after the administration of IL-10-MSCs. Moreover, IL-10-MSCs showed stronger capacity to inhibit the levels of Th2 after cocultured with CD4+ T cells from patients of AR. Furthermore, we found the lower levels of IL-5 and IL-13 for IL-10-MSCs treated CD4+ T cells, and the blockade of IL-10 significantly reversed the inhibitory effects of IL-10-MSCs. We further reported the mRNA profiles for CD4+ T cells treated with IL-10-MSCs and MSCs, and in which IL-10 exerts an important role.
Conclusion
We identified that IL-10-MSCs showed good effects in the treatment of allergic airway inflammation, providing solid support for genetically engineered MSCs as a potential novel therapy for allergic airway inflammation.
Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in Gamma Nail and Selfdynamizable Internal Fixator
Authors: Mitkovic Milan M , Korunovic Nikola D , Milenkovic Sasa S , Stojiljkovic Predrag M , Manic Miodrag T , Trajanovic Miroslav D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Single limb support phase of the gait-cycle in patients who are treated for a pertrochanteric fracture is characterized by transversal loads acting on the lag screw, tending to block its dynamization. If the simultaneous axial force overcomes transversal loads of the sliding screw, the dynamization can still occur.
Methods: Biomechanical investigation was performed for three types of dynamic implants: Gamma Nail, and two types of Selfdynamizable Internal Fixators (SIF) – SIF-7 (containing two 7 mm non-cannulated sliding screws), and SIF-10 (containing one 10 mm cannulated sliding screw). Contact surface between the stem and the sliding screws is larger in SIF implants then in Gamma Nail, as the stem of Gamma Nail is hollow. A special testing device was designed for this study to provide simultaneous application of a controlled sliding screws bending moment and a controlled transversal load on sliding screws (Qt) without using of weights. Using each of the implants, axial forces required to initiate sliding screws dynamization (Qa) were applied and measured using a tensile testing machine, for several values of sliding screws bending moment. Standard least-squares method was used to present the results through the linear regression model.
Results: Positive correlation between Qt and Qa was approved (p<0.05). While performing higher bending moments in all the tested implants, Qa was higher than it could be provided by the body weight. It was the highest in Gamma Nail, and the lowest in SIF-10.
Conclusions: A larger contact surface between a sliding screw and stem results in lower forces required to initiate dynamization of a sliding screw. Patients treated for a pertrochanteric fracture by a sliding screw internal fixation who have longer femoral neck or higher body weight could have different programme of early postoperative rehabilitation than lighter patients or patients with shorter femoral neck.
Phenotypic divergence between broiler and layer chicken lines is regulated at the molecular level during development
Authors: Contriciani Renata Erbert , Grade Carla Vermeulen Carvalho , Buzzatto-Leite Igor , Veiga Fernanda Cristina da , Ledur Mônica Corrêa , Alexandre Pamela Almeida , Reverter Antônio , Cesar Aline Silva Mello , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Alvares Lúcia Elvira 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Understanding the molecular underpinnings of phenotypic variations is critical for enhancing poultry breeding programs. The Brazilian broiler (TT) and laying hen (CC) lines exhibit striking differences in body weight, growth potential, and muscle mass. Our work aimed to compare the global transcriptome of wing and pectoral tissues during the early development (days 2.5 to 3.5) of these chicken lines, unveiling disparities in gene expression and regulation linked to their postnatal traits.
Results:
Different and bona-fide transcriptomic profiles were identified for the compared lines. A similar number of up- and down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, considering the broiler line as a reference. Notably, a substantial proportion of these DEGs corresponds to LOCs, suggesting their chicken-specific nature. Upregulated DEGs displayed an enrichment of protease-encoding genes, whereas downregulated DEGs exhibited a prevalence of receptors and ligands. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that upregulated DEGs were mainly associated with hormone response, mitotic cell cycle, and metabolism. In contrast, downregulated DEGs were primarily linked to communication, signal transduction, cell differentiation, and nervous system development. Regulatory networks were constructed for the mitotic cell cycle and cell differentiation biological processes, as their contrasting roles may impact the development of distinct postnatal traits. Within the mitotic cell cycle network, key upregulated DEGs included CCND1 and HSP90, with central regulators being NF-κB subunits (RELA and REL) and NFATC2. The cell differentiation network comprises numerous DEGs encoding transcription factors (e.g., HOX genes), receptors, ligands, and histones, while the main regulatory hubs are CREB, AR and epigenetic modifiers. Clustering analyses highlighted PIK3CD as a central player within the differentiation network.
Conclusions:
The extensive genetic selection used to develop the Brazilian broiler and layer lines has profoundly altered their developmental transcriptomes. Specifically, in broilers, this alteration has led to increased cell proliferation and a delayed differentiation process, which may promote the subsequent enlargement of pectoral tissues during foetal and postnatal development. Our findings pave the way for future functional assays and improvement of targeted traits of economic interest in poultry.
Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Oman
Authors: AlAzri Zeinab , Aziza Alsawafi , Sanjay Jaju , Mohammad Al Qadire 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to potentially traumatic childhood events that can lead to long-term health problems. Many studies have explored the negative effects of ACEs on the physical and mental health of children and adults; however, such a study has never been conducted in Oman. The current study aimed to identify the prevalence of ACEs among the Omani population and determine the association between ACE aggregates and sociodemographic variables.
Method
This is a cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling that employs the Adverse Childhood Experience International Questionnaire.
Results
A total of 1648 Omani adults participated in this study. Approximately 38.2% of them had undergone four or more ACEs, and 88% had undergone at least one ACE. The study found no significant association between ACE aggregates and sociodemographic variables.
Conclusion
ACEs are prevalent in Oman. More initiatives are needed to combat these events or reduce their potential negative consequences. Future studies must investigate the causes of the high prevalence of ACEs in Oman. Further interventional studies are advocated to establish the causes of ACEs and provide research-based solutions.
“An obedient wife never says "no" to her virtual god.” High fertility conceptions and barriers to contraceptive use among mothers of Southern Pakistan: a qualitative study
Authors: Ahmed Farooq , Malik Najma Iqbal , Akhtar Shamshad , Ullah Shahid , Ahmed Jam Bilal , Mansoor Taskeen , Shahid Muhammad , Tang Kun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: In this study, we explore the perceptions and practices of rural mothers about fertility and reproductive health and further examine the lack of preference for contraception and birth spacing in Southern Pakistan.
Methods: The qualitative data are collected from 15 healthcare providers and 20 mothers using semi-structured interviews.
Results: Our findings reveal that economic, religious, and ethnic barriers cause low birth spacing among mothers. The husband and his family control the women’s bodies because sociocultural constructs normalize this exploitation. In mothers' opinion, contraception brings side effects that are dangerous for women’s bodies. Poverty, masculinity, social disapproval of contraception and admiration for more male children are other significant factors behind high fertility. Some mothers state that they experience malnutrition soon after giving birth to their sons because more care from mothers is required. Frequent births and low-quality care cause low breastfeeding and hidden hunger. Engagement in economic activities, serving the husband and his family, domestic chores, and working in agricultural fields are the predominant reasons that overburden the lives of mothers.
Conclusions: The study urges a comprehensive understanding of sociocultural rationales and more natural ways of birth spacing instead of commercial solutions.
The Association of Sedentary Behavior with OSA: A Cross-Sectional Study from NHANES (2007-2008 to 2015-2020)
Authors: Cai song , Li SiYu , Zhou YaShi , Song JuKun , Peng JuXiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Sedentary behavior (SB) may contribute to obesity and lower extremity fluid retention, which may favor the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, linking sedentary behavior to OSA is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is an association between SB and OSA.
Methods
This secondary analysis included National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants (unweighted = 20,727). Weighted sample and multiple logistic regression complex sample analysis techniques were used in this study. Three typical questions for the assessment of OSA have been used in the NHANES questionnaire. A physical activity questionnaire was used to assess SB.
Results
After adjustment for confounders, participants with SB(> 8h/d) had a higher risk of OSA(OR = 1.247,95%CI(1.100-1.414),P = 0.001) compared to SB(0-4h/d). Stratified analysis by gender showed that there was no significant correlation of SB and OSA in men. However, in women, with SB(0-4h/d) as reference, participants with SB(> 8h/d) had a higher risk of OSA (OR = 1.443,95%CI(1.210–1.722),P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Analysis in this study showed a positive correlation between SB and OSA, more pronounced in women. To reduce the risk of OSA, a healthy lifestyle is recommended.
Modelling the risk of Japanese encephalitis virus in Victoria, Australia, using an expert-systems approach.
Authors: Lima Mariel Flores , Cotton Jacqueline , Marais Monique , Faggian Robert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Predictive models for vector-borne diseases (VBDs) are instrumental to understanding the potential geographic spread of VBDs and therefore serve as useful tools for public health decision-making. However, predicting the emergence of VBDs at the micro-, local, and regional levels presents challenges, as the importance of risk factors can vary depending on climatic factors and vector and host preferences. We propose an expert-systems-based approach that uses an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) deployed within a geographic information system (GIS), to predict areas susceptible to the risk of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) emergence. This modelling approach produces risk maps, identifying micro-level risk areas with the potential for disease emergence. The results revealed that climatic conditions, especially the minimum temperature and precipitation required for JEV transmission, contributed to high-risk conditions developed during January and March of 2022 in Victora. Compared to historical climate records, the risk of JEV emergence was increased in most parts of the state due to climate. Importantly, the model accurately predicted 7 out of the 8 local government areas that reported JEV-positive cases during the outbreak of 2022 in Victorian piggeries. This underscores the model’s potential as a reliable tool for supporting local risk assessments in the face of evolving climate change.
Structural Optimization Study of Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding Head with Non-Rigid Support
Authors: Jin Taotao , Miao Pei , Qi Chuanyue , Cui Xiuhui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In order to improve the quality and efficiency of repairing the aluminum alloy wagon body of the railroad, a stir friction head structure suitable for welding repair of aluminum alloy wagon body is optimized when adopting stir friction welding technology. By analyzing the relationship between the stir welding friction head structure and the heat generation mechanism, an approximate stir friction head structure without moving shoulder is proposed. By analyzing the heat production model of the stir needle with stationary shaft shoulder, the functional relationship between the heat dissipation and the size of the stir needle and process parameters is determined, and the geometry of the stir needle is optimized. Simulation and experimental results show that when welding repair is performed using this optimized stir needle structure, the temperature field of the weld is uniformly distributed along the thickness direction of the weldment, which is conducive to the formation of good welded joints and welds. Practical application in the field shows that the optimized structure can solve the problems of insufficient top forging force and local stress concentration in the process of non-rigid support while ensuring heat production, greatly improving the success rate of welding, and the tensile strength of the weld seam and other indexes have reached a more satisfactory result; the optimization method used has a certain reference value, and it can be used as a reference for similar researches.
Effect of Spraying Process on Physicochemical Properties and Vegetation Restoration of Vegetative Cement-Soil
Authors: LIU Liming , LI Mingwei , ZHOU Mingtao , XU Wennian , XIA Dong , SUN Xiaojun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In order to explore the influence of spraying process on the physical and chemical properties of vegetative cement-soil and the effect of vegetation restoration, this paper first prepared the same ratio vegetative cement-soil and sprayed it onto three different zones with the same slope ratio. The spraying processes are: dry-spraying (G), wet-spraying (S), and wet-praying plus dry-spraying (S&G), respectively. Then these three indexes of the vegetative cement-soil’s physical and chemical properties, plant seeds germination rate and the vegetation coverage were monitored. The results showed that different spraying techniques had different effects on the physical and chemical properties of vegetative cement-soil which can be explained in the following aspects: (1)Bulk density: G > S&G > S; (2)Porosity: S > S&G > G; (3) Compactness: G > S&G > S; (4)pH value: Spraying process has no obvious effect on pH value of vegetative cement-soil; (5)Organic matter : the initial content was basically the same, later, S and S&G were slightly larger than G; (6)Available nutrients: the initial value was basically the same, later, the available nutrients of these three processes all have some loss that was affected by rainfall, and process S was more obvious. (7)Seeds germination. Spraying process had a great influence on seed germination. G was more suitable for seed germination of herbaceous plants but shrub seeds had poor germination in vegetation cement-soil. Herbaceous plants and shrub seeds germinated better in the vegetative cement-soil with S and S&G. (8)From the aspects of vegetation coverage speed and total coverage, G and S&G were superior to S. In conclusion, from the perspective of vegetation and slope protection functions, the collaborative spraying process of S&G can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the vegetative cement-soil habitat substrate, promote the plant seeds germination and fast vegetation coverage, therefore, the collaborative spraying process of S&G can be used as the preferred spraying process of the vegetative cement-soil habitat construction technology.
Dielectric Modulated Negative Capacitance Heterojunction TFET as Biosensor: Proposal and Analysis
Authors: Mishra Varun , Agarwal Lucky , Tiwari Chandni , Rathi Vikas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this article, a label-free biosensor with a single cavity that uses a negative capacitance heterojunction charge-plasma-based tunnel FET (NC-HJ-CP-TFET) is presented and examined. To increase ON-state current, ferroelectric material (Si:HfO2) has been added to a stack with a gate insulator and low energy bandgap material (Si0.5Ge0.5). In terms of biosensing properties, comparisons have been made between NC-HJ-CP-TFET and Si-based NC-CP-TFET. The different bio-analytes employed in this work are Streptavidin (K = 2.1), APTES (K = 3.57), Bacteriophage (K = 6.3), Protein (K = 8), and Gelatin (K = 12). Benchmarking is done to compare prospective biosensors to literature that has already been reported. The maximum ON-state current sensitivity (SION), transconductance-based sensitivity (Sgm), ION/IOFF, and subthreshold swing (SS) obtained are 2×108, 4×108, 2.3×1011, and 17.9 mV/decade, respectively, for NC-HJ-CP-TFET with permittivity of K = 12 with fully filled nanogap of neutral bio-analyte..
The deficiency of hereditary protein C caused arterial thrombosis of the extremities and myocardial infarction in one case
Authors: Xia Binfeng , Zhang Li , Wang Ru , Huang Huihui , Kong Min , Yin Xia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We report a patient with both arterial thrombosis of the extremities and myocardial infarction. There was no obvious cardiac vascular stenosis after coronary computed tomography angiography examination, and the patient's myocardial infarction was considered to be caused by coronary artery embolism. Genetic testing confirmed that the patient had inherited protein C deficiency. After lifelong anticoagulant therapy with rivaroxaban, no further arteriovenous thrombosis events occurred. We propose that for patients with multiple arterial thrombosis or myocardial infarction patients without obvious risk factors of coronary heart disease, inherited or acquired thrombophilia should be screened according to the individual condition of the patient, which is beneficial to the etiological diagnosis, treatment and prevention of adverse events.