bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Mobilising Specialists be Relieved by a Robotic System for the Early Mobilisation of Intensive-Care Patients? A Quantitative Longitudinal Study at Two Data Collection Points at a German University Hospital
Authors: Mehler-Klamt Amrei , Köstler Natascha , Huber Jana , Warmbein Angelika , Rathgeber Ivanka , Gutmann Marcus , Biebl Johanna Theresia , Hübner Lucas , Schroeder Ines , Scharf-Janßen Christina , Ohneberg Christoph , Kraft Eduard , Zoller Michael , Fischer Uli , Eberl Inge 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Immobility in intensive-care patients can lead to significant health risks and costs for the health system. Reasons for this include the shortage of specialist staff in nursing and physiotherapy who typically handle mobilisation activities for intensive-care patients. The use of robotic systems aims to facilitate early mobilisation and thereby counteract prolonged immobility. Whether this can also alleviate the workload for staff has not yet been sufficiently investigated. To examine the psychological stress and behaviour of mobilising specialist during conventional and robot-assisted mobilisations of intensive-care patients and to draw conclusions regarding the impact on and relief for the mobilising staff due to the robotic system, a quantitative longitudinal study was conducted with two data collection points (T1, T2). Aspects of body posture, the perceived stress of mobilising staff, as well as the time and personnel required for mobilisation were collected through non-participatory standardised observations. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis of the observations of 35 conventional mobilisations (T1) and 55 robot-assisted mobilisations (T2). Additionally, a follow-up was conducted for nine robot-assisted mobilisations to assess the routine use of the robotic system. The duration of robot-assisted mobilisation had significantly longer process compared to conventional mobilisation. A significant correlation was found between the subjectively assessed feasibility of mobilisation and psychological stress (PSaR) experienced by the specialist staff during robot-assisted mobilisation. The more confident users felt in robot-assisted mobilisation, the less psychologically stressfull they found it. Overall, robot-assisted mobilisation was more ergonomic and less stressful for the musculoskeletal system of the users.

Trial registration clinicaltrials.org TRN: NCT05071248, Date: 2021/10/21 URL https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05071248.
Attitudes Towards AI: The Interplay of Self-Efficacy, Well-Being, and Competency
Authors: Naiseh Mohammad , Babiker Areej , Al-Shakhsi Sameha , Cemiloglu Deniz , Al-Thani Dena , Montag Christian , Ali Raian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing society, yet its widespread adoption is accompanied by significant ethical and societal concerns. Through a large survey, this study explores the complex interplay between self-efficacy, AI competency, cultural factors, and attitudes towards AI among UK and Arab participants. We investigate how these factors influence individual’s attitudes toward AI and its impact on well-being. Our findings reveal that self-efficacy plays a crucial role in shaping attitudes towards AI, with higher levels of self-efficacy associated with more positive attitudes and enhanced well-being. Moreover, our results show that AI competency serves as a mediator, with increased competence fostering greater confidence and positivity towards AI. Our results also show gender disparities in AI attitudes within the UK sample, with males exhibiting higher positive attitudes and lower negative attitudes compared to females. Cultural differences were evident, with the Arab sample showing higher AI competency, positive attitudes, and overall well-being compared to the UK sample. Our results emphasize the need for culturally sensitive design and implementation of AI to ensure responsible development and implementation of AI for diverse populations.
Giving fish or teaching fishing? the impact of China’s foreign aid on digital service trade in belt and road initiative countries
Authors: Tang Rongsheng , Xiao Zewen , Zhong Xue 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper empirically analyzes the relationship between China’s foreign aid and the digital service trade of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries, using panel data from 2005 to 2017. We find that under the framework of the BRI, China’s foreign aid has a significantly positive impact on the digital service exports of recipient countries. This positive effect remains robust after addressing potential endogeneity concerns and conducting various robustness checks. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that Other Official Flows(OOF) is more effective than Official Development Assistance(ODA) in enhancing the digital service exports of recipient countries. Moreover, the positive impact of China’s foreign aid is particularly pronounced in high-income countries compared to middle- and low-income countries. Additionally, industry-level heterogeneity analysis shows that China’s foreign aid significantly promotes the export of “other business services.” In contrast, its impact on other industries is less evident. Finally, mechanism analysis indicates that the promotion of digital service exports by China’s foreign aid primarily operates through improvements in human capital and institutional quality in recipient countries.
Normativity in cases of Epistemic Indifference
Authors: Müller Basil , Díaz Rodrigo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
One of the metaepistemology’s most central debates revolves around the question of what the source of epistemic normativity is. Epistemic instrumentalism claims that epistemic normativity is a species of means-ends normativity. One of the most prominent objections against epistemic instrumentalism features cases of epistemic indifference: Cases where there’s evidence that p yet believing that p wouldn’t promote any of the agent’s aims, wants, or needs. Still, there’s an epistemic reason for the agent to believe that p and thus epistemic instrumentalism is false. In response, instrumentalists have modified their views in various ways, with new contributions still forthcoming. Here, we investigate a neglected aspect of this debate: Laypeople’s judgements on cases of epistemic indifference. In two studies, we investigated whether laypeople agree with the verdict in cases of epistemic indifference as well as the key ideas behind the more recent instrumentalist replies. Our findings indicate that a significant amount of participants found it hard to buy into the cases of epistemic indifference as Kelly has constructed them. Participants did generally share Kelly’s judgement in cases of epistemic indifference. Lastly, some instrumentalist replies are well suited to explain participants’ judgements that agents ought to believe in cases of epistemic indifference.
Cognitive Reflection and Religious Belief: A Test of Two Models
Authors: Şeker Fırat , Acem Ensar , Bayrak Fatih , Dogruyol Burak , Isler Ozan , Bahçekapili Hasan G. , Yilmaz Onurcan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Existing research suggests a negative correlation between reflective thinking and religious belief. The dual process model (DPM) posits that reflection diminishes religious belief by limiting intuitive decisions. In contrast, the expressive rationality model (ERM) argues that reflection serves an identity-protective function by bolstering rather than modifying preexisting beliefs. Although the current literature tends to favor the DPM, many studies suffer from unbalanced samples. To avoid this limitation, we recruited comparably large number of participants for both religious believers (n = 580) and non-believers (n = 594) and observed the relationship between reflection and two measures of religious belief: belief in God and disbelief in evolution. Our findings corroborate the negative associations found between higher levels of reflection and both types of belief, independent of religious affiliation. Our results align with the broader literature, supporting the DPM but not the ERM.
Far from Home: Managing Incidental Findings in Field Research with Portable MRI
Authors: Wolf Susan M. , Illes Judy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPortable MRI for neuroimaging research in remote field settings can reach populations previously excluded from research, including communities underrepresented in current brain neuroscience databases and marginalized in health care. However, research conducted far from a medical institution and potentially in populations facing barriers to health care access raises the question of how to manage incidental findings (IFs) that may warrant clinical workup. Researchers should not withhold information about IFs from historically excluded and underserved population when members consent to receive it, and instead should facilitate access to information and a pathway to clinical care.
State-Mandated Ethics Oversight Is Inappropriate for Gender-Affirming Care
Authors: Mabel Hilary , Guidry-Grimes Laura , Sankary Lauren R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA proposed state administrative rule would have required medical ethicists to approve certain aspects of gender-affirming care. The authors argue the proposed rule lacked appropriate justification compared to other instances of state-mandated ethics oversight and would undermine trust, raise practical challenges, and send harmful messages to society, patients, and providers.
Spectroscopic and photometeric study of NT Aps – a low-activity W UMa-type contact binary
Authors: Avramova-Boncheva Antoaneta , Antonova Antoaneta , Korhonen Heidi , Stateva Ivanka , Stefanov S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We have carried out a detailed investigation of eclipsing binary star NT Aps using high cadence photometric observations from the TESS satellite and time-series spectra from EFOSC2 at ESO’s New Technology Telescope.a We have, for the first time, determined precise system parameters for this W UMa-type late-type contact binary. Our analysis indicates that the system is composed of two solar-like stars with mass ratio of

$q=0.31$

and orbital period of 0.29475540

$\pm$

0.00000035 days. These values are typical for common envelope contact binaries. However, the system does not exhibit strong magnetic activity in the form of frequent flaring and large starspots, even if large flare rates have been earlier predicted for this system. This lack of strong magnetic activity further strengthens the earlier indications that the contact binaries are less magnetically active than those of detached chromospherically active binaries with similar parameters.
The Impact of Subjective Social Position on Attitudes Regarding the Government’s Role in Addressing Economic Inequality
Authors: Branton Regina , Martinez-Ebers Valerie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We examine factors that explain differences in opinions among Asian Americans and Latinos regarding the government’s responsibility in addressing economic inequality. We utilize a subjective social position framework to better understand variations in attitudes about the role the government should play in addressing the differences in income between people with high and low incomes. We use ordered logit models to assess 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey data. Respondent’s age, feelings of marginalization, perceptions of local context, and use of alternative financial services are more important for predicting support or opposition to the government addressing income inequality. Taken together, the subjective social position of individuals goes a long way in explaining individuals’ attitudes regarding this matter.
Expectancy value theory's contribution to unpacking the black box of motivation
Authors: Eccles Jacquelynne S. , Wigfield Allan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although in basic agreement with Murayama and Jach's call for greater attention to the black boxes underlying motivated behavior, we provide examples of our published suggestions regarding how subjective task value (and ability self-concepts) “gets into people's knowledge structures.” We suggest additional mental computational processes to investigate and call for a developmental and situated individual differences approach to this work.
Impact of temperatures on malaria incidence in vulnerable regions of Pakistan: empirical evidence and future projections
Authors: Fatima Syeda Hira , Zaidi Farrah , Rafiq Javeria , Bhandari Dinesh , Ali Asad , Bi Peng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Malaria remains a major health challenge in developing countries, with climate change intensifying its impact. Pakistan is among the most vulnerable nations. This study examines the relationship between temperature and malaria cases in two highly affected districts, Bannu and Lakki Marwat, to inform climate-adaptive interventions.
We analyzed monthly malaria cases (2014–2022) from the Integrated Vector Control/Malaria Control Program in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, combined with gridded meteorological data from Copernicus ERA5-Land. Time-series analysis using distributed lag nonlinear models and quasi-Poisson regression was applied to assess the associations.
The findings suggest that as temperatures exceed 22.4°C, malaria transmission increases by 9 to 10% for every 1°C rise in both districts. In Bannu, up to 39.8% of reported malaria cases could be attributed to heat, while in Lakki Marwat, 54.1% of cases were attributable to heat. Under high emission scenarios, heat-related malaria cases could increase by 0.8 to 3.5% by the 2060s. Relationship between temperature and malaria transmission is complex and is influenced by environmental factors such as precipitation and humidity.
Given Pakistan’s limited healthcare infrastructure, addressing climate-driven malaria risks is urgent. Recent severe floods and malaria surges highlight the need for climate adaptation measures and strengthened healthcare systems to enhance community resilience.
Neonatal intermittent hypoxemia events are associated with later systemic hypertension
Authors: Martinez Stephanie , Chen Zhengyi , Di Fiore Juliann M. , Nguyen Christina , Minich Nori M. , Hibbs Anna Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Approximately 5% of very premature infants delivered at less than 30 weeks’ gestation have systemic hypertension. In adult human and animal models, intermittent hypoxemia events are associated with systemic hypertension. In neonates, intermittent hypoxemia events are associated with adverse outcomes, but it is unknown if they are a risk factor for hypertension. We hypothesize that early intermittent hypoxemia events in very preterm neonates are associated with systemic hypertension at 34–36 weeks’ postmenstrual age.

Methods
Secondary analysis of a single-center cohort study of 164 infants, <31 weeks’ gestational age. Intermittent hypoxemia events were continuously recorded during the first 21 days of age.

Results
There was a significant association between the number of intermittent hypoxemia events (per 100) and systemic hypertension (OR (95% CI) = 1.08 (1.01–1.15)), and both the number of intermittent hypoxemia events (per 100 β (95% CI) = 0.22 (0.10–0.34)) and percent of time with hypoxemia (β (95% CI) = 0.10 (0.01–0.19)) and systolic blood pressure at 34–36 weeks’ postmenstrual age.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated a higher incidence of early intermittent hypoxemia events in preterm infants with hypertension. Decreasing intermittent hypoxemia during this critical period may reduce incidence of later vascular stress in this population.

Impact

Intermittent hypoxemia events are very common in premature infants and increased frequency of intermittent hypoxemia events is associated with morbidity.

Intermittent hypoxemia events in adult human as well as adult and neonatal animal models are associated with systemic hypertension.

This study demonstrated an association between early intermittent hypoxemia events and systemic hypertension in very preterm neonates, adding to the body of literature of possible morbidities caused by intermittent hypoxemia events.

This study addresses the common, though under-recognized, issue of neonatal hypertension, and suggests increased intermittent hypoxemia events may be contributory.
Human proximal tubular epithelial cell interleukin-1 receptor signalling triggers G2/M arrest and cellular senescence during hypoxic kidney injury
Authors: Giuliani Kurt T. K. , Nag Purba , Adams Benjamin C. , Wang Xiangju , Hong Seokchan , Grivei Anca , Johnston Rebecca L. , Waddell Nicola , Ho Kenneth K. C. , Tian Yilin , Khan Muhammad Ali , Kim Chang Seong , Ng Monica S. Y. , Gobe Glenda , Ungerer Jacobus P. J. , Forbes Josephine M. , Healy Helen G. , Kassianos Andrew J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hypoxia and interleukin (IL)-1β are independent mediators of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, the histological hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we examine how hypoxia and IL-1β act in synergy to augment maladaptive proximal tubular epithelial cell (PTEC) repair in human CKD. Ex vivo patient-derived PTECs were cultured under normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (1% O2) conditions in the absence or presence of IL-1β and examined for maladaptive repair signatures. Hypoxic PTECs incubated with IL-1β displayed a discrete transcriptomic profile distinct from PTECs cultured under hypoxia alone, IL-1β alone or under normoxia. Hypoxia+IL-1β-treated PTECs had 692 ‘unique’ differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to normoxic PTECs, with ‘cell cycle’ the most significantly enriched KEGG pathway based on ‘unique’ down-regulated DEGs (including CCNA2, CCNB1 and CCNB2). Hypoxia+IL-1β-treated PTECs displayed signatures of cellular senescence, with reduced proliferation, G2/M cell cycle arrest, increased p21 expression, elevated senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and increased production of pro-inflammatory/fibrotic senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors compared to normoxic conditions. Treatment of Hypoxia+IL-1β-treated PTECs with either a type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1RI) neutralizing antibody or a senolytic drug combination, quercetin+dasatinib, attenuated senescent cell burden. In vitro findings were validated in human CKD bio-specimens (kidney tissue, urine), with elevated PTEC IL-1RI expression and senescence (SA-β-gal activity) detected in fibrotic kidneys and numbers of senescent (SA-β-gal+) urinary PTECs correlating with urinary IL-1β levels and severity of interstitial fibrosis. Our data identify a mechanism whereby hypoxia in combination with IL-1β/IL-1RI signalling trigger PTEC senescence, providing novel therapeutic and diagnostic check-points for restoring tubular regeneration in human CKD.
Research framework for food security and sustainability
Authors: Papargyropoulou Effie , Ingram John , Poppy Guy M. , Quested Tom , Valente Clara , Jackson Lee Ann , Hogg Tim , Achterbosch Thom , Sicuro Emanuele Paolo , Bryngelsson Susanne , Guelinckx Isabelle , Van Dael Peter , Dye Louise 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article presents a framework for food security and sustainability research, developed by industry, academia, and public sector experts. Key priorities for collaborative research include reassessing food system contexts and drivers, adapting food system activities, transforming food system outcomes, developing and applying food system methodologies, and adopting an ethical and just lens. The framework emphasises the need for coordinated action across multiple scales and sectors, focusing on synergies and trade-offs as opposed to isolated food activities, to address complex challenges in food security and sustainability.
Cytoplasmic flow is a cell size sensor that scales anaphase
Authors: Afonso Olga , Dumoulin Ludovic , Kruse Karsten , Gonzalez-Gaitan Marcos 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
During early embryogenesis, fast mitotic cycles without interphase lead to a decrease in cell size, while scaling mechanisms must keep cellular structures proportional to cell size. For instance, as cells become smaller, if the position of nuclear envelope reformation (NER) did not adapt, NER would have to occur beyond the cell boundary. Here we found that NER position in anaphase scales with cell size via changes in chromosome motility, mediated by cytoplasmic flows that themselves scale with cell size. Flows are a consequence of friction between viscous cytoplasm and bulky cargo transported by dynein on astral microtubules. As an emerging property, confinement in cells of different sizes yields scaling of cytoplasmic flows. Thus, flows behave like a cell geometry sensor: astral microtubules approach the boundary causing flow velocity changes, which then affect the velocity of chromosome separation, thus scaling NER.
Zinc oxide seed priming enhances drought tolerance in wheat seedlings by improving antioxidant activity and osmoprotection
Authors: El-Shazoly Rasha M. , Othman A. A. , Zaheer Muhammad Saqlain , Al-Hossainy Ahmed F. , Abdel-Wahab Dalia A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Drought can affect all growth stages and has a significant effect on seed germination, which affects all physiological and metabolic germination processes. It also leads to dehydration, which increases the oxidation of lipids and membranes and disrupts the functioning of biomolecules in plants. Zinc is an essential element for several enzymes involved in metabolism, cell elongation, preservation of the strength and integrity of cell membranes, seed development, and resistance to environmental stress. A pot experiment was conducted to determine how ZnO seed priming, either in the form of ZnO NPs (nanopriming) or ZnO bulk priming (60 mg L− 1), counteracts the negative impacts of drought at different levels (80% and 60% FC) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings at the seedling stage. A recent experiment revealed that seed priming agents significantly mitigate the negative effects of drought stress, especially at 60% FC, by positively influencing various parameters of wheat seedlings. Notably, the POD activity increased by 91.8% and 289.9% for the shoots, 218.6% and 261.6% for the roots, the phenolic content increased by 194.4% for the shoots and 1139.6% for the roots, the H2O2 scavenging percentage increased by 124.9% and 135.4% for the shoots and 147.6% for the roots, and the lipid peroxidation inhibition percentage increased by 320.6% and 433% for the shoots. Moreover, the utilization of seed priming agents had a profound effect on free amino acids (393.8%, 502.8% for roots) and soluble carbohydrates (183.4% for roots) compared with those in stressed seedlings without priming. Experimental and computational methods (time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT)) were employed to perform IR and XRD analyses of the isolated molecules of the ZnO NPs/Iso. In conclusion, the application of ZnO NPs or bulk ZnO was found to create effective mechanical and physiological barriers, as confirmed by the analysis of antioxidant enzyme activities, nonenzymatic components, free radical scavenging, and osmoprotectant constituents.