bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Een som van misverstanden
Authors: van Amersfoort J.M.M. 
Published: February 2025

An accumulation of misunderstandings; the Den Uyl cabinet and the Surinam immigration
In 1973 a new Dutch cabinet was formed. One of the central points of its programme was to revise the relations with the former Dutch colonies in the West Indies to be able to stop the immigration from Suriname. This immigration was seen by this government as a serious threat to Dutch society. In reality the migration was modest in numbers and consisted for a good deal of middle class people. In 1967 there were 13.000 Surinamese in the Netherlands. But the immigration had gained momentum and in 1972 there were 51.000. The cabinet launched a vigorous campaign to change the relations with Suriname and close the border for immigrants. The outcome of this policy was that there were 110.000 Surinamese in the Netherlands in 1975 and the immigration caused indeed problems that were unknown before. In this article the reasons for the complete failure of the anti-immigration policy are analysed.
Leren van Vlaanderen
Authors: van Ostaaijen J. 
Published: February 2025

Learning from Flanders; features of the Flemish mayor to inspire the Dutch debate
In this article, the role and functioning of the Flemish mayor is analysed from a Dutch perspective. Three observations are considered noteworthy and discussed elaborately: the role of the mayor in internal local politics, the mayor's relationship with the local community, and the possible combination of several political mandates. The article shows that mayors can be more political without being directly elected (which is the case both in Flanders and the Netherlands) and that there is considerable room for mayors to give meaning to their job. In showing the similarities and differences between Dutch and Flemish mayors, this article is meant to inspire both policy makers and Dutch mayors and to contribute to the debate about the future of the Dutch mayor.
De burgemeester als veiligheidsbaas
Authors: Sackers H.J.B. 
Published: February 2025

The mayor as a security boss
Offenders of the law used to be sentenced by the criminal courts of justice. However, the Dutch Government is striving for better and more efficient law enforcement, and is increasingly delegating this enforcement to local authorities, especially to the mayor's level. For example, to maintain order, not only does the mayor decide on camera surveillance, preventative body search, restraining orders and curfews; he/she is now also allowed to shut down houses and evict people from their homes. New laws are in the making to delegate even more power to local authorities. The question arises whether the position of mayor can and should include the Sheriff Star. After all, he/she is politically accountable, plus it would take Superman to take on this new role as upholder of justice. Meanwhile, legal protection is in a sorry state, and citizens rarely take advantage of their legal protection rights. Adequate judicial control is lacking, and whether orders given out by the mayor based on the new responsibilities actually comply with the European Treaty of Human Rights is something that remains to be seen.
De bestrijding van arbeidsuitbuiting
Authors: Bogaerts A. , Plooij P. , Zoetekouw R. 
Published: February 2025

The fight against labour exploitation; strategies and investigation results from the Social Intelligence and Investigation Service
In this article the strategies and investigation results of the Social Intelligence and Investigation Service (SIOD) concerning labour exploitation are discussed. The results from reactive criminal investigation confirm current ideas in the literature about labour exploitation in relation to vulnerable (victim) groups. However, an increase in reports did not lead to more investigations. This is partly caused by bad or incomplete reports. Therefore the SIOD is in addition developing a new approach: the labour exploitation risk model. This method fits into the idea of Intelligence-Led Policing and tackles the problem that many exploitation cases are not reported to the police. In a risk model enterprises and employers with a (high) risk of violations are selected for control or investigation on the basis of particular characteristics generated from various information databases of various (government) agencies. The authors discuss the further development of the risk model and conclude with a look ahead.
Misdaad en straf
Authors: Claessen J.A.A.C. 
Published: February 2025

(Death) penalty in a religious perspective
What does a religious perspective imply for the justification of the state imposing punishment on perpetrators of criminal offences under criminal law? As religion is experiencing a revival, it is not a strange idea to examine what a religious perspective can teach us in relation to criminal law. What religious fundamentalism and conservatism have to offer in this respect seems quite clear, namely retributive action by the state, as God's representative on earth, against conduct contrary to the dogmas of the Holy Scriptures. Nevertheless, research shows that conventional believers also often recognize the value of forgiveness and reconciliation. What is not clear, however, is what mysticism has to offer in relation to criminal law. In contradiction to conventional criminal law, from a mystical perspective there is no call for intentional infliction of pain in responding to crime. To avenge evil with evil is dismissed for both moral and practical reasons. Encouraging the spiritual awakening of man forms the alfa and omega of a mystical approach to crime.
Seksueel grensoverschrijdend gedrag en ontucht. Wiens grens?
Authors: Gooren J.C.W. 
Published: February 2025

Transgressive sexual conduct and sexual abuse
Teenagers between twelve and eighteen years of age are protected by Dutch criminal law against sexual encounters that cannot be qualified as non-consensual. If these teenagers are approached without force they are thus protected against such a contact, but they could have played a sexual active role nevertheless. This paper deals with how officials of the police and justice departments value sexual contacts between youngsters as lewd and in what circumstances these interactions are possibly permissible. What is the motivation for initiating criminal law and how to explain the distinction between the alleged offender and the alleged victim? The juridical valuation of the professionals dealing with criminal law is analysed followed by some critical remarks regarding the protection of sexual active youngsters against other sexual active youngsters as well as the act of sex as transgression.
Misdaad en straf in een populistische context
Authors: Boutellier J.C.J. 
Published: February 2025

Crime and punishment in a populist context
The main question of this article is why the existing diverse populist movements have at least one feature in common: Crime, security and harsher punishments are high on their political agenda. The author points out that the rise of criminality in the last 20 years is a real basis for the growing anxiety among the population about insecurity. This anxiety is reinforced by the blown up media attention for crime issues. The dominance of the security issue is further explained and enhanced by cultural factors like individualisation, migration and the rise of a vitalist culture characterised by a geografical and normative boundlessness. In this context norm violations are always lurking and contributing to an insecure, complex and chaotic society. (In)security has become the common denominator to which all grievances can be reduced. The creation of new structures giving reassurance could provide a democratic alternative for the unevitable authoritarian tendency in state policy caused by the rise of populism. This type of social order should be understood in terms of arrangements of institutions and of tuning stakeholders to one another. Taking this longing for security among the population seriously means also to stop addressing civilians as consumers and start urging them to act like co-responsibles.
Kwetsbaarheid voor georganiseerde criminaliteit
Authors: Beken T. Vander 
Published: February 2025

Vulnerability for organised crime; a useful prevention concept?
This article describes the development of abstract, theoretic vulnerability analysis vis à vis organised crime towards more empirical approaches which take the actual situation in economic sectors as a starting point. Also it incorporates the way workers on the shop floor view vulnerability. The author gathered these data during research among transport and catering companies. He argues that vulnerability should not only be understood in the traditional way (a feeble defense against potential harm/damage/infiltration) but also in terms of resilience. If - despite prevention measures - a company becomes a victim of - and/or is infiltrated by organised crime, the degree of resilience decides whether the company survives or not. Examples are given of factors contributing and undermining resilience.
Stoppen met crimineel gedrag
Authors: Werdmölder H. 
Published: February 2025

Desistance from criminal conduct; a qualitative longitudinal study of Moroccan and Dutch men with a criminal past
This article is a first report on the longitudinal study of forty Moroccan and Dutch criminal men. The research was started in 1982. The author returned to the subject in 1988. In 2008, the author started a new research project with the same men.
The focus of this article is on the process of desistance. Ten men already ended their criminal period in the late eighties (the ‘early desisters’). In between time, two of them relapsed. Nine men can be called ‘late desisters’. They had many more obstacles to face in their re-integration, such as long-term employment and addiction to hard drugs. The combination of getting regular work, marriage and a permanent place of living is very effective in the process of desistance. But in the end, personal qualities, such as discipline, taking up responsibility and motivation, will be decisive.
‘Als het hier niet lukt, dan maar in Marokko?’
Authors: Sportel I. 
Published: February 2025

‘If not here, then in Morocco?’ Forms of capital in transnational Dutch-Moroccan divorces
During a transnational divorce, spouses can get into contact with two different legal systems, each with its own procedures, courts and documents. This article focuses on transnational divorces between the Netherlands and Morocco. In these divorces Moroccan and Dutch family law interact in several ways. First of all, as determined by Dutch Private International Law, Moroccan family law can be applied in the Netherlands, by Dutch judges. Especially with regard to the division of property, the Dutch and Moroccan family law systems can produce significantly different outcomes. Moreover, a divorce from Morocco is not automatically valid in the Netherlands and vice versa. Using four examples of Dutch-Moroccan divorce cases the author shows how, in this complicated situation, spouses in transnational marriages make use of economic, social and cultural capital in both countries to obtain their divorce.
Achter de voordeur met stedelijke interventieteams. Ontkokering of verkokering?
Authors: Schuilenburg M. , Dijkstra C. 
Published: February 2025

‘Behind the door’ with urban intervention teams
Intervention teams are among the most discussed tools in the current process of securitisation. Their integrated approach takes into account all underlying causes of insecurity and quality of life. For a more effective approach authorities and organisations have to cooperate and let go of their mutual boundaries. But can the participants put aside their differences in perspectives and policies? This article discusses the goal of ‘ontkokering’ (‘decompartalisation’), this was done through a study of the practices of intervention team SIP in Amsterdam. On basis of thirteen interviews and observations the authors argue that there are three main mechanisms or ‘molar barriers’, which conserve the old structures in the integrated approach of the intervention team: ‘methodical robustness’, ‘institutional robustness’ and ‘financial robustness’.
Opsporingsbevoegdheden en privacy
Authors: van der Leij J.B.J. 
Published: February 2025

Criminal investigation methods and privacy. An international comparison
The Dutch regulation of phone tapping has a great deal of safeguards built in to ensure that this investigation method isn't used flippantly. Despite this, it appears that phone tapping is far more commonly used in The Netherlands than in any other western nation, including England, Sweden and Germany. This study shows that, due to differences in registration of phone tapping statistics, it is difficult to compare various countries' practices. However, it does appear that the Dutch authorities don't perceive to have viable alternatives to phone tapping. The limited alternatives that they do (perceive themselves to) have, such as infiltration, pose even greater ethical considerations, making them less attractive. Authorities in England, Sweden and Germany appear to use alternative investigation methods much more frequently than those in The Netherlands. Some examples of the types of alternatives more often resorted to in other countries are the use of traffic data, (intrusive) surveillance and various forms of infiltration. A comparison of the regulations in all four countries showed differences in the degree to which phone tapping is perceived to pose ethical considerations (posing a threat to the privacy of citizens) as an investigatory method.
Undercoveroperaties: een noodzakelijk kwaad?
Authors: Kruisbergen E.W. , de Jong D. 
Published: February 2025

Undercover operations: a necessary evil? Past, present and future of a controversial method of investigation
An important part of the scientific literature looks upon undercover policing from a normative, critical point of view. These studies frequently problematize undercover operations as a necessary evil. Yet what do we actually know about the practice of the execution of undercover operations and about the results they yield for criminal investigations? Not much. Little empirical research has been done on this subject. This article analyses the implementation and results of undercover operations in the Netherlands. The empirical data consist of all covert policing operations in the Netherlands in 2004. The authors address the following questions: how often is this method of investigation deployed; what different types of undercover operations exist; and what results have these operations produced? Furthermore, they examine the history of undercover policing and look into the legislative debate. Finally, they explore some possible future developments in the use of undercover operations.
Gimme hope
Authors: Geenen M.J. 
Published: February 2025

The role of hope for group workers in a youth prison
The relationship between group workers and their pupils in a youth prison influences treatment outcome. A positive relationship stimulates treatment motivation and readiness for change. The aim of this study was to review the role of hope in a correctional institutional setting for youth. Hope is defined as having a goal and a positive outcome expectation. Hope keeps group workers positive, motivated and inspired to overcome difficulties, and the hope of group workers stimulates pupils to openly reflect on the past, reconsider future possibilities, and become motivated to change their behaviour. There are obstacles, however, which hamper the hope of group workers and may instead trigger negative expectations, cynicism, and despair. Key elements for dealing with potential negative influences on a hopeful orientation are leadership and training. Also conscious reflection on one’s acts, thoughts and feelings can help group workers to deal with resistance reactions and aggression, and to remain hopeful.
Drieënvijftig tinten grijs
Authors: Meershoek A.J.J. , Hoogenboom A.B. 
Published: February 2025

Fifty three shades of grey; decreasing accountability and control concerning hybrid police work
Fifty three shades of grey refers to the radical transformation of policing and security in society from a traditional public – and foremost ‘blue’ – police system into a hybrid(semi)public and private policing system which is losing its dominant – and visible – blue character. Using the criminological concepts ‘police as an institute’ and ‘policing as a process’ the ongoing blurring of boundaries between different public and private organisations is discussed in the context of the proliferation of different forms of multi-agency cooperation. Whereas in the traditional discourse of the public police system a strong tradition of analysing the democratic nature of policing exists, in the public and scientific perception of the new, variegated police constellation such notions are still lacking, which contributes to the relative lack of political control, the defective democratic accountability and fragile human rights in the grey areas. The public discourse on the police remains too narrowly focused on the public police system. ‘Normal science’ of policing needs to break away from ‘police as an institute’ to incorporate new research questions and new concepts regarding ‘policing as a process’.
Uitwisseling van opsporingsinformatie
Authors: Kort J. 
Published: February 2025

Sharing criminal investigative information; on technical and especially organisatory obstacles within the police
Crime suspects followed by the police move well across various police regions and national borders. As a result, police forces independently collect information on the same people. It is essential that whenever possible, accurate information is shared between various police forces and e.g. investigation teams. Developments in the field of ICTs have opened many possibilities for this, long ago. However, information exchange hardly improved. In this article it is argued that apart from the quality of existing ICT-applications, there are also organisational problems creating obstacles for information sharing. The article starts with a brief history of intelligence-led policing in the Netherlands, followed by an overview of the obstacles for information sharing within the Dutch police. It concludes with similarities between police reforms based on new ICTs in the Netherlands and the USA.
Geslaagde emancipatie als probleem voor de politie
Authors: van Oenen G. 
Published: February 2025

Emancipatory fatigue as a problem for the police
Public attitude towards police intervention has changed in the last twenty years or so, as a result of more general changes in society towards figures and institutions of authority. From the 1970s onward, we have witnessed a change from an authoritarian ‘command household’ to a ‘household of negotiation’ in which parties mutually exchange views and reasons. Since the 1990s however, unanticipated consequences of this emancipatory movement are becoming apparent, most importantly the inability of citizens to always live up to this emancipatory responsibility. And more importantly, a generally shared sense that we are overburdened by this responsibility, and thus cannot reasonably be expected to act according to emancipatory norms. This creates a new kind of problem or challenge for the police. Appeals to the emancipatory responsibility of the public, or entering into dialogue with offenders and bystanders, are not as effective as before. Both police and public are therefore in search of a new kind of authority that is responsive to the emancipatory ‘fatigue’ increasingly experienced by citizens.
De inbreng van ngo’s bij het Nederlandse mensenrechtenexamen
Authors: Mommers C. 
Published: February 2025

The contribution of NGOs to the human rights exam of the Netherlands; a look back and forward by Amnesty International
The UPR is an increasingly important instrument for non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to advocate for the protection and promotion of human rights in the Netherlands. In this article, the way that NGOs have used the UPR in relation to the Netherlands will be discussed. This will be done primarily from the perspective of Amnesty International. The article first outlines how NGOs can contribute to the UPR process. Subsequently, it discusses the substantive input provided by Amnesty International for the review of the Netherlands. Finally, the potential impact of this intervention on the promotion and protection of human rights on the ground in the Netherlands will be considered. This impact will depend, inter alia, on the de-politicization of the UPR, the credibility of the process, the follow-up of recommendations made during the review and, prominently, the political will of the incoming government.
De Nederlandse staat van internetvrijheid
Authors: van Daalen O.L. 
Published: February 2025

The state of internet freedom in the Netherlands
When thinking of restrictions on internet freedom, people often look to countries such as Egypt and Libya. But internet freedom in countries such as the Netherlands also warrants close examination. This article discusses a selection of Dutch measures which infringe on the fundamental right to privacy and communication freedom on the internet. With regard to privacy, it starts with the Dutch law requiring telecommunications providers to retain customer data, such as all records and location data. Also the plans to monitor internet traffic by the intelligence services as well as the lack of transparency on data requests by the Dutch government are discussed. With regard to communications freedom, the new Dutch law on net neutrality is analysed and described as positive for internet freedom. However, the author also sees developments threatening internet freedom. He mentions plans to introduce web blocking for websites facilitating copyright infringement and a draft law to allow the police to take down websites without judicial intervention. The author argues that the Netherlands should significantly improve its own state of internet freedom, especially if it wants to credibly claim that other countries should protect internet freedom.
De bestrijding van etnische discriminatie: van speerpunt tot non-issue?
Authors: Witte R. , Scheepmaker M.P.C. 
Published: February 2025

The fight against ethnic discrimination in the Netherlands: once a hot issue, now a non-issue?
This article presents an overview of various measures, initiatives and developments regarding to the fight against discrimination in the Netherlands since 1971. It also gives a short overview of relevant international treaties on discrimination and the obligations for the parties involved. The political and societal attention for combating discrimination has decreased in recent years. There is a tendency to deny that discrimination is a real problem. Also the tone of voice in the public debate on integration of ethnic minorities has hardened. Nowadays, antidiscrimination policies and initiatives take place at the local level and state involvement is limited to facilitating support. The registration of discrimination complaints continues to be a problem and minor progress has been made in the last twenty years.