bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symmetry group at future null infinity III: Gravitational theory
Authors: Liu Wen-Bin , Long Jiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We reduce the gravitational theory in an asymptotically flat spacetime to future null infinity. We compute the Poincaré flux operators at future null infinity and construct the supertranslation and superrotation generators. The generators are shown to form a closed symmetry algebra by including a generalized gravitational duality operator. We could regard all the generators as the Hamiltonians with respect to the symmetry transformation in the boundary field theory. Our construction of the generators may relate to the BMS fluxes defined in the literature by adding counterterms to the Bondi mass and angular momentum aspects.
Is cross-sectional imaging necessary for fractures of the distal lower leg in children and adolescents: results of a nationwide survey
Authors: Strohm Jonas Alexander , Schubert Ilona , Schneidmüller Dorien , Strohm Peter Christian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In childhood and adolescence, cross-sectional imaging, most commonly computed tomography (CT), is often performed for advanced diagnosis of joint injuries of the distal lower leg and upper ankle. Due to radiation exposure, the need for CT remains controversial, as these injuries follow stereotypies and usually have a similar course. Alternatively, the performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is also discussed. Since radiation sensitivity at this young age is much higher than in adults, an effort must be to minimize radiation exposure according to as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principles. The aim of this survey is to evaluate the current procedure in Germany in the diagnosis of pediatric injuries of the distal lower leg and upper ankle.

Methods
For data collection, a survey entitled “CT in fractures of the ankle joint in childhood and adolescence: subject of the survey are injuries between 8 and 15 years of age” of the Section of Pediatric Traumatology in the German Association of Trauma Surgery was sent to all members via the distribution list of the German Society of Orthopedics and Traumatology and the distribution list of the German Society of Pediatric Surgery in a period from September 20, 2022–December 21, 2022. The survey included a total of 21 questions. Target groups were trauma and pediatric surgeons and orthopedic surgeons working in the hospital and in practice.

Results
A total of 525 participants took part in the survey: ultrasound diagnostics are used by almost 25% and the Ottawa Ankle Rules by over 50% always or in most cases. A conventional x-ray is always or most often used by over 90%. CT imaging is rarely used by 88.57%, mainly for surgical planning or analysis of fracture progression. 69.9% report that their radiology department uses a pediatric protocol for CT exams; 25.71% do not know if this is the case. MRI imaging is also used infrequently by 89.33%, mostly to identify associated injuries. Overall, CT imaging is chosen by 55.62% and MRI imaging by 35.24% as the sectional imaging modality for suspected fractures; 95.05% consider sectional imaging useful for a triplane fracture, 59.24% for a two-plane fracture, 41.71% for a Salter-Harris type III/IV injury, and 8% for a Salter-Harris type I/II injury.

Conclusion
The survey showed that the conventional X-ray is still the gold standard. Interestingly, more than half of the respondents regularly use the Ottawa Ankle Rules, and diagnostics using ultrasound are also used by almost a quarter. Awareness of radiation protection in children exists, although a quarter of all participants do not know the extent to which their radiology department has a specific pediatric protocol for CT imaging. Cross-sectional imaging is performed on a regular basis. Regarding the actual extent of imaging, there is a clear divergence between theory and practice.
Repurposing of H1-receptor antagonists (levo)cetirizine, (des)loratadine, and fexofenadine as a case study for systematic analysis of trials on clinicaltrials.gov using semi-automated processes with custom-coded software
Authors: Specht Tim , Seifert Roland 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo gain a comprehensive overview of the landscape of clinical trials for the H1-receptor antagonists (H1R antagonists) cetirizine, levocetirizine, loratadine, desloratadine, and fexofenadine and their potential use cases in drug repurposing (the use of well-known drugs outside the scope of the original medical indication), we analyzed trials from clincialtrials.gov using novel custom-coded software, which itself is also a key emphasis of this paper. To automate data acquisition from clincialtrials.gov via its API, data processing, and storage, we created custom software by leveraging a variety of open-source tools. Data were stored in a relational database and annotated facilitating a specially adapted web application. Through the data analysis, we identified use cases for repurposing and reviewed backgrounds and results in the scientific literature. Even though we found very few trials with published results for repurpose indications, extended literature research revealed some prominent use cases: Cetirizine seems promising in mitigating infusion-associated reactions and is also more effective than placebo in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Loratadine may be beneficial in the prophylaxis of G-CSF-related bone pain. In COVID-19, H1R antagonists may be helpful, but placebo-controlled scientific evidence is needed. For asthma, the effect of H1R antagonists only seems to be secondary by alleviating allergy symptoms. Our novel method to find potential use cases for repurposing of H1R antagonists allows for high automation, reduces human error, and was successful in revealing potential areas of interest. The software could be used for similar research questions and analyses in the future.
Men treated with BEACOPP for Hodgkin lymphoma may be at increased risk of testosterone deficiency
Authors: Micas Pedersen Signe , Feltoft Claus Larsen , Nielsen Torsten Holm , de Nully Brown Peter , Gang Anne Ortved , Pedersen Lars Møller , Jørgensen Niels 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the current study, we report the prevalence of male testosterone deficiency in a cohort of 60 male long-term survivors of malignant lymphoma with normal total testosterone but in the lower part of the reference level. Testosterone deficiency was defined as subnormal concentrations of total testosterone or subnormal concentrations of calculated free testosterone. The aim was to clarify whether total testosterone was sufficient for identification of testosterone deficiency in male survivors of malignant lymphoma. Hormonal analyses taken at follow-up were compared with samples taken at diagnosis for a subgroup of 20 survivors, for evaluation of changes in hormones over time. Another group of 83 similar survivors of malignant lymphoma with testosterone in the high end of reference levels were also used for comparison, to identify groups of increased risk of testosterone deficiency. A total group of 143 survivors were therefore included in the study. Our findings indicate that for screening purposes an initial total testosterone is sufficient in some survivors because sexual hormone binding globulin concentration was found stable over time. However, 15% were found with subnormal calculated free testosterone. Survivors intensely treated for Hodgkin lymphoma and older survivors were identified as high-risk groups for testosterone deficiency necessitating endocrinological attention during follow-up. Some evidence of pituitary downregulation was also found, because of uncompensated decreases in testosterone concentration over time. In conclusion, longitudinal measurements of total testosterone alone do not seem adequate for the screening of testosterone deficiency for all long-term lymphoma survivors.
The relationship between social support, psychological resilience, and positive coping among medical staff during emergency assistance for public health emergency
Authors: Han Dandan , Yang Yupei , Zhang Wei , Tung Tao-Hsin , Cheng Fengmin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aim
To explore the factors associated with the coping styles in medical staff while providing emergency aid during public health emergencies.

Subject and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate medical and nursing staff members from four hospitals in Zhejiang Province who participated in emergency assistance in Shanghai during the Omicron pandemic in April 2022.

Results
Sixty-nine out of 74 subjects completed the questionnaire. Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that psychological resilience (β = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.30, 1.08, p = 0.001) and social support (β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.06, 2.01, p = 0.039) were correlated with positive coping (β = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.57, p < 0.001), and friend support (β = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.28, 1.02, p = 0.001) significantly influenced positive coping.

Conclusion
Social support and psychological resilience are the main factors associated with the coping styles of medical staff. Tenacity and friend support are the main additional influencing factors for positive coping.
AI-powered decision-making in facilitating insurance claim dispute resolution
Authors: Zhang Wen , Shi Jingwen , Wang Xiaojun , Wynn Henry 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to empower decision-making can promote social welfare by generating significant cost savings and promoting efficient utilization of public resources, besides revolutionizing commercial operations. This study investigates how AI can expedite dispute resolution in road traffic accident (RTA) insurance claims, benefiting all parties involved. Specifically, we devise and implement a disciplined AI-driven approach to derive the cost estimates and inform negotiation decision-making, compared to conventional practices that draw upon official guidance and lawyer experience. We build the investigation on 88 real-life RTA cases and detect an asymptotic relationship between the final judicial cost and the duration of the most severe injury, marked by a notable predicted $${R}^{2}$$

R

2

value of 0.527. Further, we illustrate how various AI-powered toolkits can facilitate information processing and outcome prediction: (1) how regular expression (RegEx) collates precise injury information for subsequent predictive analysis; (2) how alternative natural language processing (NLP) techniques construct predictions directly from narratives. Our proposed RegEx framework enables automated information extraction that accommodates diverse report formats; different NLP methods deliver comparable plausible performance. This research unleashes AI’s untapped potential for social good to reinvent legal-related decision-making processes, support litigation efforts, and aid in the optimization of legal resource consumption.
Vulnerability and Response-Ability in the Pandemic Marketplace: Developing an Ethic of Care for Provisioning in Crisis
Authors: Geiger Susi , Galasso Ilaria , Hangel Nora , Lucivero Federica , Watts Gemma 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper draws on the ethics of care to investigate how citizens grappled with ethical tensions in the mundane practice of grocery shopping at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. We use this case to address the broader question of what it means ‘to care’ in the context of a crisis. Based on a qualitative longitudinal cross-country interview study, we find that the pandemic transformed ordinary shopping spaces into places fraught with a sense of fear and vulnerability. Being forced to face one’s own vulnerability created an opportunity for individuals to relate to one another as significant others through a sense of “response-ability”, or the capacity of people to respond to ethical demands through situated ethical reasoning. We argue for a practical ethos of care in which seemingly small decisions such as how often to go shopping and how much to buy of a particular product serve as a means to relate to both specified and generalized others—and through this, ‘care with’ society. Our study contributes to displacing the continuing prevalence of an abstract and prescriptive morality in consumption ethics with a situated and affective politics of care. This vocabulary seems better suited to reflect on the myriad of small and unheroic care acts in times of crisis and beyond.
I had to Take Care of My Herd to Not Die Myself: A Retrospective, Qualitative Study of Siblings’ Experience of Family Relations Before Their Siblings’ Drug-Related Death
Authors: Lorås Lennart , Lindeman Sari Kaarina , Løberg Aina Helen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study explores siblings’ experiences of family relations before their siblings’ drug-related death. A qualitative approach inspired by reflexive thematic analysis was chosen for the analysis. Four men and ten women, aged 23–61 and representing all regions of Norway, were interviewed. Three themes were identified: (1) A changed view of both their sibling and personal relationship, (2) Changed patterns of communication in the family and (3) Coping strategies. The results are discussed through the lens of family systems theory and salutogenesis.
Wastewater treatment plant performance assessment using time-function-based effluent quality index and multiple regression models: the case of Bahir Dar textile factory
Authors: Wondim Tilik Tena , Dzwairo Rimuka Bloodless , Aklog Dagnachew , Janka Eshetu , Samarakoon Gamunu , Dereseh Mekuria Mulusew 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExtensive water and chemicals are used in the textile industry processes. Therefore, treatment of textile wastewater is vital to protect the environment, maintain the public health, and recover resources. However, due to poor operation and plant performance the partially treated textile wastewater was directly discharged to a nearby river. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the wastewater physicochemical properties and evaluate the performance of the textile factory-activated sludge process wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. In inlet and outlet of the WWTP, samples were collected for 6 months and analyzed on-site and in a laboratory for parameters including, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, total Kjeldhal nitrogen (TKN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), nitrite, nitrate, and metallic compounds. The TSS, BOD5, COD, TP, nitrite, ammonia, and total chromium result were above the discharge limit with 73.2 mg/L, 48.45 mg/L, 144.08 mg/L, 7.9 mg/L, 1.36 mg/L, 1.96 mg/L, and 0.16 mg/L, respectively. Multiple regression models were developed for each overall, net moving average, and instantaneous effluent quality index (EQI). The predictor parameters BOD5, TN, COD, TSS, and TP (R2 = 0.995 to 1.000) estimated the net pollution loads of all predictors as 492.55 kg/day and 655.44 kg/day. Except TN, TKN, and NO3, the remaining six performance parameters were violating the permissible limit daily. Furthermore, the overall plant efficiency was predicted as 38 % and 42 % for the moving average and instantaneous EQI, respectively. Our study concluded that the integrated regression models and EQI can easily estimate the plant efficiency and daily possible pollution load.
Isolation and characterization of the morphology, size and particle number of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) cell line derived large and small extracellular vesicles
Authors: Pelyhe Csilla , Sturve Joachim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 50–1,000 nm lipid bilayer-bound vesicles, released into the extracellular environment by various cell types for intercellular communication purposes. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of EVs can be affected by stress and pathological conditions. The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies have been performed on mammalian cell lines or bodily fluids. EVs have been previously described from bodily fluids like plasma, serum or mucus in different fish species, however the available knowledge of fish cell line derived EVs is limited and in the vast majority of studies, the overall focus is on small EVs (< 200 nm). We isolated large and small extracellular vesicles from zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver (ZFL), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver (RTL-W1), gill (RTgill-W1) and intestinal epithelial (RTgutGC) cell lines using stepwise centrifugation and characterized the size and morphology of EVs. Here we demonstrated that large and small extracellular vesicles can be successfully isolated using stepwise centrifugation from the serum-free medium of the selected piscine cell lines after a 24-h incubation period. The size distribution of large and small EVs isolated from the piscine cell lines suggest that large and small EV groups show high diversity in size ranges, containing heterogenous subpopulations in sizes, and the results highly depend on the applied method and whether filtration steps were included following the isolation. The spherical morphology of EVs was verified by transmission electron microscopy.
Structural, Surface, Magnetic Study and Application of Nanoparticles CoFe2O4, ZnO and its Nanocomposite
Authors: Arman M. M. , El-Dek S. I. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNanoparticles of CoFe2O4 and ZnO were synthesized using the citrate auto-combustion method. A nanocomposite CoFe2O4/ZnO (70:30) was prepared. XRD verified that the samples were synthesized in nanoscale with crystallite sizes of 66.01, 12.48, and 17.47, respectively. The HRTEM image of CoFe2O4 illustrates the cubic structure. FESEM showed that the shape of CoFe2O4, ZnO, and CoFe2O4/ZnO nanoparticles is nearly spherical in morphology. EDAX measurements illustrated that the samples were obtained with nominal compositions similar to their chemical formula. XPS spectra of the investigated CoFe2O4 confirmed the presence of Co2+ and Co3+ ions, as well as Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions. The saturation magnetization increased for CoFe2O4/ZnO than that of the parent CoFe2O4 due to strong ferromagnetic coupling. Antibacterial activity was recorded for the nanocomposite despite its absence from the two parents.
Hierarchical graph learning with convolutional network for brain disease prediction
Authors: Liu Tong , Liu Fangqi , Wan Yingying , Hu Rongyao , Zhu Yongxin , Li Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn computer-aided diagnostic systems, the functional connectome approach has become a common method for detecting neurological disorders. However, the existing methods either ignore the uniqueness of different subjects across the functional connectivities or neglect the commonality of the same disease for the functional connectivity of each subject, resulting in a lack of capacity of capturing a comprehensive functional model. To solve the issues, we develop a hierarchical graph learning with convolutional network that not only considers the unique information of each subject, but also takes the common information across subjects into account. Specifically, the proposed method consists of two structures, one is the individual graph model which selects the representative brain regions by combining each subject feature and its related brain region-based graph. The other is the population graph model to directly conduct classification performance by updating the information of each subject which considers both the subject itself and the nearest neighbours. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method on four real datasets outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches.
A review of the life history and ecology of euryhaline and estuarine sharks and rays
Authors: Constance Julia M. , Garcia Erica A. , Pillans Richard D. , Udyawer Vinay , Kyne Peter M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne-third of all elasmobranchs (sharks and rays) are threatened with extinction. Euryhaline and estuarine generalist elasmobranchs are a group of 29 species that occupy non-marine environments during particular life-stages. These species are poorly known and disproportionately threatened, with 72.4% at risk of extinction or Data Deficient. A detailed knowledge of a species’ life history characteristics, movement ecology, habitat use, and population structure are required for the implementation of appropriate management and conservation measures. To date, research on euryhaline and estuarine species has lagged behind marine species. Here, a literature review and gap analysis of the euryhaline and estuarine species was conducted to identify gaps in 14 key parameters required for management. Of the 29 species, only the Bull Shark (Carcharhinus leucas) and the Largetooth Sawfish (Pristis pristis) had detailed information on a majority of parameters assessed. Nine species lack information on most parameters, while the Broadnose Wedgefish (Rhynchobatus springeri) lacks information on all but one of the parameters investigated. There is a high level of understanding of age- and size-at-maturity, size-at-birth, and growth for only five species, while nine species have estimates of natural mortality. Comprehensive reproductive biology data is unavailable for six species. Both short- and long-term movement ecology is well-understood for only two species, and habitat use for six species. Population structure has been studied in only eight species. Data on key life history parameters, population structure, and habitat requirements of the euryhaline and estuarine elasmobranchs are urgently required to develop appropriate management strategies and to secure populations.
Independent postulates for subjective expected utility
Authors: Harju Mikko , Liesiö Juuso , Virtanen Kai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough the subjective expected utility (SEU) theory is more than 60 years old, it was recently discovered by Hartmann (Econometrica 88(1):203–205, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA17428) that one of the original seven postulates is redundant, i.e., it is implied by the other six postulates. In this brief communication, we show that this redundant axiom is the only one that is implied by the other axioms, thereby establishing that the remaining six postulates form an independent axiomatic system. This result further streamlines the preference assumptions underlying the SEU theory.