bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological capital and multifaceted nature of job performance: mediation by intrinsic motivation and goal-commitment
Authors: Shaheen Musarrat , Gupta Ritu , Zeba Farrah 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe researchers aim to investigate the role of psychological capital (PsyCap) in facilitating intrinsic motivation and goal-commitment among employees at the workplace, affecting outcome variables, namely, in-role and extra-role job performance.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 640 employees working in the information technology sector of India. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationships.FindingsAnalysis revealed a significant positive impact of PsyCap on the two behavioral facets of job performance. Intrinsic motivation and goal-commitment were found mediating the influence of PsyCap on the two facets of job performance.Practical implicationsThe information technology sector is characterised by continuous change. It requires voluntary prosocial behavior from employees, where the employees are expected to display multifaceted job performance behaviors, where they go beyond their job duties to cater for the dynamics of the IT sector. The present study provides means by which intrinsic motivated and goal-committed behavior are facilitated for both the in-role and extra-role job performance.Originality/valueThe present study is among the few preliminary studies that have provided evidence that intrinsic motivation and goal-commitment are the two variables which aid PsyCap in predicting both the prescribed and voluntary job performance behaviors.
The relative significance of behavioural finance factors in the investment decisions of Australasian REITs
Authors: Lam Terence Y.M. , Hasell Taylah O. , Tipping Malvern L.D.B. 
Published: October 2023

PurposeReferring to “behavioural finance” and “normative model” theories, this study explores the relative significance of behavioural heuristic biases in the investment decisions of real estate investment trusts (REITs) when compared with the conventional normative decision factors, with an ultimate aim to identify the significant behavioural factors that should be avoided to ensure rational asset acquisitions and market efficiency.Design/methodology/approachA triangulation approach was adopted. Qualitative multiple case studies were conducted, with four cases selected from Australian and New Zealand REITs across the industry, to identify what normative and behavioural finance factors are involved in investment decisions. This formed the basis for the subsequent expert review survey to explore how significant the behavioural factors were manifested in the judgement when compared with the normative factors.FindingsThree out of four theoretical behavioural factors manifested themselves in the investment decisions: investor sentiment, anchoring factors and overconfidence. The overall impact of these three behavioural factors was that they were as significant as normative factors in investment decisions. The heuristic availability of information was found to have no significant effect on experienced REIT fund managers.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings were based on four multiple cases and an expert review survey of six frontline fund managers, which form a baseline upon which further research can be conducted to widen the scope of research to cover all REITs in Australasia so that the results can become more robust to benefit the entire market in the region.Practical implicationsAs behavioural factors are significant in the decision-making process, REIT fund managers should raise awareness to avoid the significant behavioural factors identified, in particular investor sentiment, which was found to be the most significant one.Originality/valueThis study confirms the relative significance of behavioural factors in property investment decisions within the context of Australasian REITs and alerts fund managers to the ways they should follow to ensure rational investments and market efficiency. It also extends the scale of existing studies to cover not only Australia but also New Zealand for the benefit of the entire Australasian market.
Advertising to Gen-Z college students with memes? A focus group study
Authors: Vardeman Christopher 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
As a result of increasingly pervasive public social media use over the past decade, brands and marketers have begun to use internet memes as digital advertising vehicles, with some using specialized professionals to create memetic ad content. Despite this, little scholarly research on the phenomenon has appeared. This study aims to provide exploratory evidence for how older members of Generation Z (Gen-Z), a digitally native cohort, perceive and regard brands’ use of internet memes as advertisements.

Design/methodology/approach
A series of six focus groups conducted with older Gen-Z undergraduates at a large Western US university yields consonant and dissonant beliefs and perspectives about this emergent and conceivably powerful advertising and marketing practice.

Findings
Participants express that memetic advertising has potential for nonserious, lighthearted brands with a consistent social media presence but less potential for serious brands or brands that try to appropriate meme culture for financial gain. The importance of humor, cultural narratives and social connections as they relate to internet meme culture is inherent in these discussions.

Originality/value
This study joins a small body of work examining the effectiveness, viability and limitations of memetic advertising as an online advertising venture. Implications and prescriptive advice are offered.
Labour market rigidity and firm innovation
Authors: Gao Limin , Anwar Sajid 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of pro‐worker interference on wage contracts and innovation incentives in the labour market. Using a general equilibrium model, we find that excessive interference affects contingent wage contracts in innovator start‐ups and tech‐intensive firms, especially for complex innovation. When worker dismissal is restricted, high wages may not effectively drive innovation. Moreover, without an efficient intellectual property market, excessive labour market interference can lead to innovation stagnation. Our findings highlight the importance of balancing labour market regulations to foster innovation and ensure its continued growth.
Antifertility effects of EP‐1 (quinestrol and levonorgestrel) on Pacific rats (Rattus exulans)
Authors: LIU Jing , TU Feiyun , LIU Ming , WANG Jichao , ZHANG Zhibin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPest rodents pose a serious threat to island biodiversity. Fertility control could be an alternative approach to control the impact of rodents on these islands. In this study, we examined the antifertility effects of EP‐1 baits containing quinestrol (E) and levonorgestrel (P) using a dose of 50 ppm E and P at three different ratios (E:P ratio = 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1) on Pacific rats (Rattus exulans) in the Xisha Islands, Hainan, China. Compared to the control group, all animals in EP‐1 treatment groups showed significantly decreased food intake and body weight. In treated males, there were obvious abnormalities in testis structure and a significant decrease of relative seminal vesicle weight, but no significant effect on relative uterine and ovarian weights (g kg−1 body weight), or ovarian structure in females. Adding 8% sucrose to the original 50‐ppm baits (E:P ratio = 1:1) significantly increased bait palatability for males and females. This dose induced uterine edema and abnormalities of ovarian structure in females but had no significant negative effect on the relative testis, epididymis, and seminal vesicle weights (g kg−1 body weight) or sperm density in males. In summary, 50‐ppm EP‐1 (1:1) baits have the potential to disrupt the fertility of females, and 8% sucrose addition to the EP‐1 baits (E:P ratio = 1:1) could improve bait palatability. This dose disrupted the testis structure in males. Future studies are needed to improve bait acceptance and assess the antifertility effects of EP‐1 (1:1) on Pacific rats in captive breeding trials and under field conditions.
Individual, environmental and demographic factors may play a role in the prognosis of fatal and non‐fatal paediatric drowning
Authors: Bellini Tommaso , Baffi Susanna , Brisca Giacomo , Calevo Maria Grazia , Franzone Daniele , Misley Silvia , D'Alessandro Matteo , Piccotti Emanuela , Moscatelli Andrea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimDrowning is a leading cause of unintentional death. Ongoing efforts are dedicated to preventing these tragic incidents. Our aim was to evaluate whether demographic, environmental and epidemiological characteristics of drowned children influence their prognosis.MethodsSingle‐centre retrospective study spanning 12 years. Each patient's record included: age, sex, place of residence, presence of siblings, season of incident, location of event, associated trauma, loss of consciousness, need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, intubation, admission to intensive care unit, length of stay and mortality.ResultsWe enrolled 60 patients, with a mean age of 5.9 ± 3.4 years; 63.5% were male. Children who did not reside near the sea were significantly older than those who did (p = 0.01) and faced a higher risk of experiencing sea‐related drowning (p = 0.05). No patients died. Loss of consciousness and need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation were recorded in 30 and 19 patients respectively. Seven patients sustained trauma. Only one patient requiring intubation. Pool‐related drowning were associated with a higher incidence of needing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (p = 0.02). The need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (p = 0.05) and the occurrence of trauma (p = 0.02) were identified as risk factors for a longer hospitalisation.ConclusionPrevention and early initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are essential for achieving a favourable prognosis. Identifying demographic and environmental risk factors may help identify other effective preventive measures.
Editorial: HBsAg seroclearance after pegylated interferon treatment—The beginning of the end
Authors: Mak Lung‐Yi 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Gao et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17670 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17710
Editorial: PPIs and gastric cancer – Are we dealing with a carcinogen? Authors' reply
Authors: Gong Eun Jeong , Jung Hye‐Kyung 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Gong et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17676andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17691
Editorial: Can liver fat quantification stratify cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes? Authors' reply
Authors: Kuo Selena Z. , Loomba Rohit 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kuo et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17637andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17677
Process of constructing alternative social work discourses in Asia: A case study of Buddhist social work as social representations
Authors: Higashida Masateru 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis preliminary study examined the process of constructing alternative discourses on social work. It focused on the exploration of Buddhist social work by researchers and practitioners in Asian countries, including monks and nuns. The present investigation was grounded in the analytical perspective of the social representation theory posited in the domain of social psychology. Books, reports, and any relevant papers written in English were collected as primary data sources (n = 22), and a qualitatively descriptive analysis was conducted on these data. The scrutiny specifically attended to the mechanism of familiarization, which comprises the process of anchoring and objectifying. The study's findings revealed the process of intentionally (re)naming activities and related events that were previously not necessarily described as Buddhist social work. These practices and occurrences were then classified and positioned within a particular cross‐border paradigm. Additionally, some monks, nuns, and other stakeholders became conversant with discussion and research activities related to Buddhist social work. Objectifying actions, such as (re)discovering and reproducing, thus became taken for granted by such functionaries. These findings suggest that cross‐border Buddhist social work discourses were actively constructed through the usage of relevant terms and concepts. In other words, the results of this study indicate that alternative discourse is internationally becoming the familiar form of discussion within the discipline.
Predicting ophthalmic clinic non‐attendance using machine learning: Development and validation of models using nationwide data
Authors: Breeze Finley , Hossain Ruhella R. , Mayo Michael , McKelvie James 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundOphthalmic clinic non‐attendance in New Zealand is associated with poorer health outcomes, marked inequities and costs NZD$30 million per annum. Initiatives to improve attendance typically involve expensive and ineffective brute‐force strategies. The aim was to develop machine learning models to accurately predict ophthalmic clinic non‐attendance.MethodsThis multicentre, retrospective observational study developed and validated predictive models of clinic non‐attendance. Attendance data for 3.1 million appointments from all New Zealand government‐funded ophthalmology clinics from 2009 to 2018 were aggregated for analysis. Repeated ten‐fold cross validation was used to train and optimise XGBoost and logistic regression models on several demographic and clinic‐related variables. Models developed using the entire training set were compared with those restricted to regional subsets of the data.ResultsIn the testing data set from 2019, there were 407 574 appointments (median [range] age, 66 [0–105] years; 210 365 [51.6%] female) with a non‐attendance rate of 5.7% (n = 23 309 missed appointments), XGBoost models trained on each region's data achieved the highest mean AUROC of 0.764 (SD 0.058) and mean AUPRC of 0.157 (SD 0.072). XGBoost performed better than logistic regression (mean AUROC = 0.756, p = 0.002). Training individual XGBoost models for each region led to better performance than training a single model on the complete nationwide dataset (mean AUROC = 0.754, p = 0.04).ConclusionMachine learning algorithms can predict ophthalmic clinic non‐attendance with relatively basic demographic and clinic data. These findings suggest further research examining implementation of such algorithms in scheduling systems or public health interventions may be useful.
Evaluation of factors associated with recruitment rates in early phase clinical trials based on the European Clinical Trials Register data
Authors: Moraga Alapont Paloma , Prieto Paula , Urroz Mikel , Jiménez María , Carcas Antonio J. , Borobia Alberto M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEffective participant recruitment is a critical challenge in clinical trials. Inadequate enrollment of participants can precipitate delays, escalated costs, and compromise scientific integrity. Despite its relevance, particularly during the early phases, it persists as an obstacle in the field of clinical research. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the recruitment rates of early‐phase clinical trials and evaluate their potential associations with key trial characteristics. Using a descriptive and statistical analysis, a research study was conducted based on the early‐phase trials registered at the European Clinical Trials Register (EU‐CTR), spanning the timeframe from January 2017 to December 2021. Among the 194 trials examined, we found median recruitment rates of 68%. A more detailed exploration revealed a greater level of success in terms of recruitment achievement in pediatric trials when compared to trials involving adults, non‐oncologic trials, or those also developed in non‐European countries. It is important to underscore that only 69 trials out of the total managed to conclude recruitment, with the most prevalent reason for premature cessation being the presence of efficacy and safety issues or sponsor's strategy. This number can be greatly improved. Despite certain disparities observed in the information within EU‐CTR, we have successfully determined the recruitment rates of the studies and established associations with some of the clinical trial characteristics analyzed. Owing to the inherent constraints of this study, further research is warranted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between trial characteristics and their impact on recruitment rates in early‐phase studies.
Endothelial and tumor‐intrinsic mechanisms of hepatic melanoma metastasis
Authors: Wohlfeil Sebastian A. , Géraud Cyrill 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe treatment of metastatic cutaneous melanoma was fundamentally improved by the discovery and introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐CTLA‐4 antibodies, and targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibition. Unfortunately, many patients suffer a relapse due to resistance mechanisms that in part are mediated by organ‐specific metastatic sites. Especially, brain and liver metastases are negative predictive factors for both treatment modalities. There is still high unmet clinical need to prevent and treat spread to these organs. Therefore, experimental research should focus on mechanisms of hepatic melanoma metastasis to better understand this process and to identify therapeutic targets.
Zombie firms, misallocation and manufacturing capacity utilization rate: Evidence from China
Authors: Mao Qilin , Xu Jiayun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the effects of zombie firms on Chinese manufacturing capacity utilization rate (CUR hereafter) from the perspectives of both the intra‐industry and supply chain propagation. The results show that zombie firms not only significantly reduce the CUR of healthy firms in the same industry, but also inhibit the increase of CUR through the supply chain propagation. Specifically, if the supply chain propagation effect is not considered, the inhibitory effect of intra‐industry zombie firms on the healthy firms' CUR would be overestimated on one hand, and the overall inhibitory effect of zombie firms on CUR would be underestimated on the other hand. The heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the inhibitory effect of zombie firms on CUR is more pronounced for private firms, the firms in the industries with higher external financing dependence and the firms in the areas with a poorer institutional environment. In addition, this paper further studies the relationship among zombie firms, resource misallocation and the manufacturing aggregate CUR at the industry level, and finds that both intra‐industry and upstream (downstream) zombie firms have significant inhibitory effects on the growth of manufacturing aggregate CUR. However, there are differences in the ways of influence that, specifically, the upstream (downstream) zombie firms inhibit manufacturing aggregate CUR growth mainly through the within‐firm effect, while the intra‐industry zombie firms are more likely to restrain manufacturing aggregate CUR growth through resource misallocation. Our study contributes to a profound understanding of the causes of overcapacity in a large transition economy and also expands the research perspective of assessing the economic effects of zombie firms.
Not dear neighbours: Antennation and jerking, but not aggression, correlate with genetic relatedness and spatial distance in the ant Lasius niger
Authors: Czaczkes Tomer J. , Koch Alexandra , Schmid Sophie , Trindl Andreas , Heinze Jürgen , Cordonnier Marion 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Neighbour–stranger response differences (NSRDs) are when individuals are either more aggressive (“Nasty Neighbour”) or less aggressive (“Dear Enemy” or “Dear Neighbour”) to direct neighbours than to other competitors perceived as “strangers” by the residents. Such effects are often reported in ants which, being fixed‐location central‐place foragers, may compete directly with their neighbours for resources or raid each other for brood. Overlayed onto this are potential spatial distance and relatedness effects on aggression, which are often not differentiated from NSRDs.
The literature on NSRDs and distance effects in ants does not reveal a systematic pattern across all ants due to their diversity of life histories, requiring each species to be evaluated individually. Lasius niger is a common Eurasian ant species, which can form very dense populations of colonies and shows pronounced nestmate recognition, so may be expected to show NSRDs.
Here, we take advantage of a semi‐regular colony array to examine the effect of spatial distance and relatedness on aggression and probe for NSRDs.
Overt aggression does not vary with relatedness or spatial distance, and there is no evidence that direct neighbours represent a special case in terms of aggression. However, antennation and jerking decrease between less related and more spatially distant pairs, but are almost completely absent from allospecific interactions.
We tentatively propose that antennation and jerking together represent a ‘negotiation’ phase, which may either precede or reduce the need for overt aggression. While a Nasty Neighbour effect might occur, a Dear Neighbour effect is unlikely in this species, and overall NSRDs do not play a large role in the ecology of this species. More broadly, this work highlights the importance of considering non‐overtly aggressive responses when studying NSRDs.
A Manifesto on Enforcing Law in the Age of ‘Artificial Intelligence’
Authors:   Transatlantic Reflection Group on Democracy and the Rule of Law in the Age of “Artificial Intelligence”
Published: October 2023

AbstractBuilding upon A Manifesto In Defense of Democracy and the Rule of Law in the Age of ‘Artificial Intelligence’, we, the Transatlantic Reflection Group on Democracy and the Rule of Law in the Age of ‘Artificial Intelligence’, have reconvened to draft a second consensus manifesto that calls for the effective and legitimate enforcement of laws concerning AI systems. In doing so, we recognise the important and complementary role of standards and compliance practices. Whereas the first manifesto focused on the relationship between democratic law‐making and technology, this second manifesto shifts focus from the design of law in the age of AI to the enforcement of law. Concretely, we offer 10 recommendations for addressing the key enforcement challenges shared across transatlantic stakeholders. We call on those who support these recommendations to sign this manifesto. The Fifth Edition of The Athens Roundtable on AI and the Rule of Law will take place on November 30th and December 1st, 2023. It will delve into pressing governance challenges posed by foundation models and generative AI across jurisdictions.