bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student perceptions of ethnic–racial socialization and outcomes across race and gender
Authors: Gilbertson Megan L. , Demaray Michelle K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn an increasingly diverse nation, calls for education that is culturally relevant have become salient, and student perceptions of school‐based ethnic–racial socialization (ERS) provide insight toward how cultural messages are being interpreted by students. The current study sought to investigate how a sample of racially diverse middle school students (N = 744) perceptions of ERS are related to social and academic outcomes, and how these associations may differ across race and gender. Structural equation modeling analyses found that for the total sample, students' perceptions of ERS were positively associated with social outcomes and not associated with academic outcomes. Further, these findings did not differ between ethnic–racial groups or genders. The current study informs school and curriculum standards and adds to the literature in understanding that student perceptions of school‐based ethnic–racial socialization do not differ in the impact on outcomes based on race or gender.
Management of respiratory problems in children on home invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Tekin Merve Nur , Çobanoğlu Nazan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe management of respiratory problems in children on home invasive mechanical ventilation (HIMV) is a complex and challenging task. In recent years, with appropriate family education, these patients have been able to be discharged from the hospital and continue their treatment at home. The population of pediatric patients dependent on HIMV has been increasing worldwide, presenting unique and varying care needs. Management of these patients involves addressing ventilator settings, monitoring respiratory status, ensuring airway safety, and providing continuous support and education to patients and their caregivers. Despite the completion of home settings and family education, children on HIMV may encounter various respiratory problems during home follow‐up. Prevention and timely management of these complications are crucial to improving patient outcomes. This article summarizes the most significant respiratory problems in children on HIMV and the management strategies for each problem are discussed, emphasizing the importance of appropriate aspiration techniques, regular monitoring, adequate training of caregivers, and a well‐prepared emergency plan.
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry selected ion monitoring and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry selected reaction monitoring analyses of mono‐, di‐ and tri‐unsaturated C25 highly branched isoprenoid alkene biomarkers in sea ice and sediment samples: A comparative study
Authors: Rontani Jean‐François , Smik Lukas , Divine Dmitry , Husum Katrine , Belt Simon T. 
Published: January 2024

RationaleThe efficiency of selected ion monitoring (SIM) and selected reaction monitoring (SRM) analyses for the quantification of three mono‐, di‐ and tri‐unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) alkenes (IP25, IPSO25 and HBI III, respectively), often used as proxies for the occurrence of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice or the adjacent open waters, was compared.MethodsGas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS)/SIM and GC/MS/MS/SRM analyses were carried out on dilute solutions made from purified standards of these three HBIs, and then on hydrocarbon fractions of several sediment and sea ice sample extracts. More efficient and specific SRM transitions were selected after collision‐induced dissociation of each precursor ion at different collision energies.ResultsSRM analysis avoided any overestimation of IP25 resulting from the contribution of the coeluting 13C mass isotopomer of IPSO25 (M+˙ + 2) to the SIM target ion. In contrast, SRM analysis is less reliable for IPSO25 quantification in cases where several regio‐isomers are present, likely due to intense double bond migrations following electron impact. In the case of HBI III, SRM analysis constitutes a potentially suitable alternative to SIM analysis, especially in terms of improving limit of detection.ConclusionsDespite the intense migrations of HBI double bonds under electron ionization, the selected SRM transitions should be more suitable than SIM target ions for IP25 and HBI III quantification in complex hydrocarbon fractions of natural samples. However, the advantage is less evident for IPSO25 due to the presence of numerous regio‐isomers.
Rapid, Tough, and Trigger‐Detachable Hydrogel Adhesion Enabled by Formation of Nanoparticles In Situ
Authors: Zhang Mengnan , Gao Ziyan , Hakobyan Karen , Li Wei , Gu Zi , Peng Shuhua , Liang Kang , Xu Jiangtao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntegrating hydrogel with other materials is always challenging due to the low mass content of hydrogels and the abundance of water at the interfaces. Adhesion through nanoparticles offers characteristics such as ease of use, reversibility, and universality, but still grapples with challenges like weak bonding. Here, a simple yet powerful strategy using the formation of nanoparticles in situ is reported, establishing strong interfacial adhesion between various hydrogels and substrates including elastomers, plastics, and biological tissue, even under wet conditions. The strong interfacial bonding can be formed in a short time (60 s), and gradually strengthened to 902 J m−2 adhesion energy within an hour. The interfacial layer's construction involves chain entanglement and other non‐covalent interactions like coordination and hydrogen bonding. Unlike the permanent bonding seen in most synthetic adhesives, these nanoparticle adhesives can be efficiently triggered for removal by acidic solutions. The simplicity of the precursor diffusion and precipitation process in creating the interfacial layer ensures broad applicability to different substrates and nanoparticle adhesives without compromising robustness. The tough adhesion provided by nanoparticles allows the hydrogel‐elastomer hybrid to function as a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), facilitating reliable electrical signal generation and output performance due to the robust interface.
Tumor cell dissociation‐enhanced intravesical chemotherapy of orthotopic bladder cancer
Authors: Ma Zhaoyu , Sun Zhiduo , Ye Zhichao , Cai Kai , Zhong Wenbin , Yuan Wei , Zhang Weiyun , Zhang Jin , Zhang Kai , Liang Huageng , Han Heyou , Zhao Yanli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFrequent intravesical chemotherapy is still the adopted clinical option after bladder cancer surgery with low adhesion, poor selectivity, low permeability, and drug resistance. Herein, we develop an ingenious bladder cancer dissociation method to enhance intravesical chemotherapy and tumor self‐exclusion with urine. Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), a common Ca2+ chelator, is loaded with the typical clinical bladder instillation drug doxorubicin (Dox) in chitosan‐modified hollow gold nanorods and subsequently coated with cancer cell membranes. After bladder perfusion, the nanoplatform exhibits high affinity toward bladder tumors under homologous targeting, assisting in long‐term retention. Under NIR‐II laser irradiation, the photothermal effect accelerates the unloading of cargo, and the released EDTA then disrupts intratumoral junctions by depriving and chelating Ca2+ from the intercellular calcium‐dependent connexin. The consequential intertumoral dissociation gives access to the deeper penetration of Dox and allows the exclusion of the shed small tumor masses from the body with the urine. This distinctive tumor dissociation concept holds great promise for modern clinical intravesical chemotherapy and perhaps for other gastrointestinal malignancies.
Association of region‐specific hippocampal reduction of neurogranin with inflammasome proteins in post mortem brains of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Vontell Regina T. , Gober Ryan , Dallmeier Julian , Brzostowicki Daniel , Barreda Ayled , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Kvartsberg Hlin , Gultekin Sakir Humayun , de Rivero Vaccari Juan Pablo , Bramlett Helen M. , Dietrich W. Dalton , Keane Robert W. , Davis David A. , Rundek Tatjana , Sun Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONNeurogranin (Ng) is considered a biomarker for synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In contrast, the inflammasome complex has been shown to exacerbate AD pathology.METHODSWe investigated the protein expression, morphological differences of Ng, and correlated Ng to hyperphosphorylated tau in the post mortem brains of 17 AD cases and 17 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. In addition, we correlated the Ng expression with two different epitopes of apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC).RESULTSWe show a reduction of Ng immunopositive neurons and morphological differences in AD compared to controls. Ng immunostaining was negatively correlated with neurofibrillary tangles, humanized anti‐ASC (IC100) positive neurons and anti‐ASC positive microglia, in AD.DISCUSSIONThe finding of a negative correlation between Ng and ASC speck protein expression in post mortem brains of AD suggests that the activation of inflammasome/ASC speck pathway may play an important role in synaptic degeneration in AD.Highlights
We show the role that neurogranin plays on post‐synaptic signaling in specific hippocampal regions.
We demonstrate that there could be clinical implications of using neurogranin as a biomarker for dementia.
We describe the loss of plasticity and neuronal scaffolding proteins in the present of AD pathology.
We show the response of neuroinflammation when tau proteins phosphorylate in hippocampal neurons.
We show that there is a potential therapeutic target for the inflammasome, and future studies may show that IC100, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against ASC, may slow the progression of neurodegeneration.
The “Family of Nations” and Its Racial, Cultural and Colonial Discriminations
Authors: Hofstetter Rita , Schneuwly Bernard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAt first, the issue of educational justice was focused on relations between individuals, but due to the pressure of the decolonisation movements it was extended to relations between peoples: the IBE and its conferences were presented as a “family of nations” whose interdependence presupposed that there was a place for all of them. The chapter shows how the IBE tried to accommodate the new aspirations of peoples and also claimed to offer a platform to all of them, in a world marked by cultural, social and ethnic prejudice. A world where, moreover, the great powers presented themselves as emblems of civilisation and its principles of justice, while at the same time appropriating the planet as a field for their confrontations, endangering populations which had long become invisible and were reduced to silence.
The IBE: A Federating Platform
Authors: Hofstetter Rita , Schneuwly Bernard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn 1925, the Institut Rousseau created the IBE in Geneva as a corporate association, supported by well-known persons from science, education and politics. The Institute’s Council presented it as a platform for federating associations, leagues and groups from civil society that aspired, like the Institut, to build peace through education. The chapter shows how its builders defined the contours of the IBE and attempted to ensure its viability as an umbrella agency for “social movements.” It identifies the convictions and aspirations that drove them, the controversies and setbacks that punctuated their daily lives, as well as the resistance and competition they encountered. Budget problems and the difficulty in federating international associations forced the IBE to change its strategy.
Towards a Destabilising Universality: The Swan Song?
Authors: Hofstetter Rita , Schneuwly Bernard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe growing number of countries attending the IBE’s activities, gradually realising real universality, had destabilising effects. The old structures, invented in the 1930s, were no longer capable of guaranteeing its efficient functioning. It became increasingly difficult to preserve neutrality and to limit the IBE’s activities to technical questions. This was on account of the political contradictions arising from the Cold War but even more so because of the process of decolonisation. Negotiations became necessary to define the future of the IBE and led to the decision to integrate it into UNESCO.
Embracing Refused Knowledge: The Turning Processes
Authors: Volonté Paolo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmbracing refused knowledge implies a significant personal turn. This chapter addresses the most common characteristics of the biographical trajectories of experts and laypeople endorsing refused knowledge. It shows that such processes are not merely cognitive in nature but also emotional, behavioural, social and material. Moreover, they coincide rarely with a sudden change but are the gradual deepening of an attitude. The most significant drivers of such processes are then presented focusing on the triggering role played by specific health events, and on how medicine contributes to translating such events into ‘problems’ that only refused knowledge can effectively address. The chapter highlights that usually the transition is not driven by an anti-scientific attitude, but by a bitter criticism of institutional science joined with the enthusiastic emulation of its procedures and language. Those adhering to refused knowledge adopt a simplified understanding of the scientific method based on a para-scientific interpretation of practices typical of Western rationalism, such as deductive logic, empirical evidence and systematic scepticism. Hence, in some respects the turn to refused knowledge can be interpreted as the structuring of a moral career, as science’s institutional context actively participates in the process of structuring adhesion to the knowledge it refuses.
Do the Media Refuse Refused Knowledge?
Authors: Giardullo Paolo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines trends in the coverage and framing of the reporting of refused knowledge across Italian mainstream newspapers. Taking into consideration the media are relevant for the analysis of RKCs, firstly given RKC followers’ beliefs that media outlets are to be considered the ‘in-house organs’ of the scientific elites, and as such an inherently untrustworthy source of information. This chapter will enquire into media treatment of refused knowledge, in eight major Italian newspapers, with a view of analysing the extent to which the media address and/or reject refused knowledge attributable to the four RKCs examined in this volume. The focus is on the issues advocated by four RKCs concerned in two interconnected ways: a quantitative presentation of coverage through a longitudinal analysis, highlighting an agenda-cutting process, and a qualitative account produced by means of content analysis addressing the issue of the institutionalisation of scientific knowledge through the delegitimation of RKC claims. This content analysis enables us to consider the framing of the coverage and whether it reinforces science or opens up to public questioning of scientific knowledge. The chapter concludes by providing a balanced view of the institutionalisation-discreditation dichotomy as the output of the media representation of refused knowledge.
Autoimmune comorbidity in type 1 diabetes and its association with metabolic control and mortality risk in young people: a population-based study
Authors: Samuelsson John , Bertilsson Rebecka , Bülow Erik , Carlsson Sanna , Åkesson Sanna , Eliasson Björn , Hanas Ragnar , Åkesson Karin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
This register-based study aimed to describe autoimmune comorbidity in children and young adults from type 1 diabetes onset, and to investigate whether such comorbidity was associated with a difference in HbA1c or mortality risk compared with children/young adults with type 1 diabetes without autoimmune comorbidity.

Methods
A total of 15,188 individuals from the Swedish National Diabetes Register, registered with type 1 diabetes before 18 years of age between 2000 and 2019, were included. Five randomly selected control individuals from the Swedish population (Statistics Sweden) were matched to each individual with type 1 diabetes (n=74,210 [346 individuals with type 1 diabetes were not found in the Statistics Sweden register at the date of type 1 diabetes diagnosis, so could not be matched to control individuals]). The National Patient Register was used to attain ICD-10 codes on autoimmune diseases and the Cause of Death Register was used to identify deceased individuals.

Results
In the total type 1 diabetes cohort, mean±SD age at onset of type 1 diabetes was 9.5±4.4 years and mean disease duration at end of follow-up was 8.8±5.7 years. Of the individuals with type 1 diabetes, 19.2% were diagnosed with at least one autoimmune disease vs 4.0% of the control group. The HRs for comorbidities within 19 years from onset of type 1 diabetes were 11.6 (95% CI 10.6, 12.6) for coeliac disease, 10.6 (95% CI 9.6, 11.8) for thyroid disease, 1.3 (95% CI 1.1, 1.6) for psoriasis, 4.1 (95% CI 3.2, 5.3) for vitiligo, 1.7 (95% CI 1.4, 2.2) for rheumatic joint disease, 1.0 (95% CI 0.8, 1.3) for inflammatory bowel disease, 1.0 (95% CI 0.7, 1.2) for systemic connective tissue disorder, 1.4 (95% CI 1.1, 1.9) for uveitis, 18.3 (95% CI 8.4, 40.0) for Addison’s disease, 1.8 (95% CI 0.9, 3.6) for multiple sclerosis, 3.7 (95% CI 1.6, 8.7) for inflammatory liver disease and 19.6 (95% CI 4.2, 92.3) for atrophic gastritis. Autoimmune disease in addition to type 1 diabetes had no statistically significant effect on HbA1c or mortality risk.

Conclusions/interpretation
To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study where young individuals with type 1 diabetes were followed regarding development of a wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases, from onset of type 1 diabetes. In this nationwide and population-based study, there was already a high prevalence of autoimmune diseases in childhood, especially coeliac and thyroid disease. The presence of autoimmune comorbidity did not have a statistically significant effect on metabolic control or mortality risk.

Graphical Abstract
Toward the production of block copolymers in microbial cells: achievements and perspectives
Authors: Matsumoto Ken’ichiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) block copolymers has attracted research interests because they can be expected to exhibit excellent physical properties. Although post-polymerization conjugation and/or extension have been used for PHA block copolymer synthesis, the discovery of the first sequence-regulating PHA synthase, PhaCAR, enabled the direct synthesis of PHA–PHA type block copolymers in microbial cells. PhaCAR spontaneously synthesizes block copolymers from a mixture of substrates. To date, Escherichia coli and Ralstonia eutropha have been used as host strains, and therefore, sequence regulation is not a host-specific phenomenon. The monomer sequence greatly influences the physical properties of the polymer. For example, a random copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 2-hydroxybutyrate deforms plastically, while a block copolymer of approximately the same composition exhibits elastic deformation. The structure of the PHA block copolymer can be expanded by in vitro evolution of the sequence-regulating PHA synthase. An engineered variant of PhaCAR can synthesize poly(d-lactate) as a block copolymer component, which allows for greater flexibility in the molecular design of block copolymers. Therefore, creating sequence-regulating PHA synthases with a further broadened substrate range will expand the variety of properties of PHA materials. This review summarizes and discusses the sequence-regulating PHA synthase, analytical methods for verifying block sequence, properties of block copolymers, and mechanisms of sequence regulation.

Key points
• Spontaneous monomer sequence regulation generates block copolymers
• Poly(D-lactate) segment can be synthesized using a block copolymerization system
• Block copolymers exhibit characteristic properties

Graphical abstract
Barriers and facilitators to integrated cancer care between primary and secondary care: a scoping review
Authors: Collaço Nicole , Lippiett Kate A. , Wright David , Brodie Hazel , Winter Jane , Richardson Alison , Foster Claire 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This scoping review identifies and characterises reported barriers and facilitators to providing integrated cancer care reported in the international literature, and develops recommendations for clinical practice.

Methods
This scoping review included literature published between 2009 and 2022 and describes the delivery of integrated cancer care between primary and secondary care sectors. Searches were conducted of an online database Ovid Medline and grey literature.

Results
The review included thirty-two papers. Barriers and facilitators to integrated cancer care were identified in three core areas: (1) at an individual user level around patient-healthcare professional interactions, (2) at an organisational level, and (3) at a healthcare system level. The review findings identified a need for further training for primary care professionals on cancer care, clarity in the delineation of primary care and oncologist roles (i.e. who does what), effective communication and engagement between primary and secondary care, and the provision of protocols and guidelines for follow-up care in cancer.

Conclusions
Information sharing and communication between primary and secondary care must improve to meet the increasing demand for support for people living with and beyond cancer. Delivering integrated pathways between primary and secondary care will yield improvements in patient outcomes and health economic costs.
Neurosteroids and their potential as a safer class of general anesthetics
Authors: Tateiwa Hiroki , Evers Alex S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNeurosteroids (NS) are a class of steroids that are synthesized within the central nervous system (CNS). Various NS can either enhance or inhibit CNS excitability and they play important biological roles in brain development, brain function and as mediators of mood. One class of NS, 3α-hydroxy-pregnane steroids such as allopregnanolone (AlloP) or pregnanolone (Preg), inhibits neuronal excitability; these endogenous NS and their analogues have been therapeutically applied as anti-depressants, anti-epileptics and general anesthetics. While NS have many favorable properties as anesthetics (e.g. rapid onset, rapid recovery, minimal cardiorespiratory depression, neuroprotection), they are not currently in clinical use, largely due to problems with formulation. Recent advances in understanding NS mechanisms of action and improved formulations have rekindled interest in development of NS as sedatives and anesthetics. In this review, the synthesis of NS, and their mechanism of action will be reviewed with specific emphasis on their binding sites and actions on γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors. The potential advantages of NS analogues as sedative and anesthetic agents will be discussed.