bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significant Correlation between Serum Level of Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Progression of Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Han Sang‐Uk , Lee Jae‐Ho , Kim Wook‐Hwan , Cho Yong‐Kwan , Kim Myung‐Wook 
Published: August 2002

Abstract.Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) can promote proliferation of many types of tumor cells including gastric cancer cells. To study the role of HGF in the progression of gastric carcinoma, HGF levels were measured by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system in sera of gastric cancer patients and followed up the levels after the operation. The mean serum HGF level in 212 healthy control subjects, 140 patients with primary gastric cancer, and 13 patients with recurrent gastric cancer were 0.199 ± 0.073, 0.325 ± 0.209, and 0.578 ± 0.258 ng/ml, respectively. The increase of the levels was significantly correlated with the progression of tumor stage. The levels decreased to normal levels 1 month after curative resection of the tumors. However, the levels did not decrease significantly in nonresected cases. During the follow‐up of the patients for several months, the level was significantly increased in recurrent gastric cancer patients, whereas there was no increase in nonrecurrent patients. In conclusion, the serum HGF levels significantly correlated with the aggressiveness of the tumors, suggesting an important role of HGF in the progression of gastric carcinoma.
Natural Course of Adrenal Incidentalomas: Seven‐year Follow‐up Study
Authors: Sirén Jukka , Tervahartiala Pekka , Sivula Arto , Haapiainen Reijo 
Published: August 2002

Abstract.Most adrenal incidentalomas are nonfunctioning cortical adenomas that do not require surgery. Operative treatment is indicated if the incidentaloma has malignant features as seen during the radiologic workup, is hormonally active, or grows during follow‐up. A conservative attitude is justified in asymptomatic patients if we know that the natural course of these tumors is not disadvantageous. We followed a group of patients treated by observation to determine the natural course of adrenal incidentalomas. Altogether 30 incidentalomas in 27 patients were detected in the Helsinki University Central Hospital from June 1981 through December 1992 and were re‐examined during 1997. The patients were evaluated clinically, and hormonal testing was done by performing a 1‐mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test; the next day we measured the 24‐hour urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid, metanephrines and normetanephrines, and serum potassium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine the size of the tumor. If the patient had died during the follow‐up period, the causes of death from the death certificates and autopsy reports were reviewed. The mean follow‐up was 7 years. Nine patients had died, with none of deaths related to the incidentaloma. Sixteen patients were evaluated clinically and by the basic hormonal tests and MRI; none showed any signs of hormonal activity or features of malignancy. Two patients did not want to be reexamined but stated that they were asymptomatic. This follow‐up study supports the conclusion that conservative therapy is justified because the growth tendency of adrenal incidentalomas is slow and they seem to remain hormonally inactive.
One‐Lung Versus Two‐Lung Ventilation in the Closed‐Chest Anesthetized Dog: A Comparison of Cardiopulmonary Parameters
Authors: Cantwell Shauna L. , Duke Tanya , Walsh Peter J. , Remedios Audrey M. , Walker David , Ferguson James G. 
Published: August 2002

Objective— To evaluate cardiopulmonary effects of one‐lung ventilation (OLV) versus two‐lung ventilation (TLV) in closed‐chest anesthetized dogs.Study Design— Controlled, randomized experiment.Animals— Fourteen, 2‐ to 7‐year‐old adult dogs, weighing 23 ± 6 kg.Methods— The dogs were anesthetized with acepromazine, morphine, thiopental, and halothane in oxygen, ventilated, and paralyzed with vecuronium. Tidal volume was 10 mL/kg. Respiratory rate was set to maintain end‐tidal CO2 (ETCO2) at 40 ± 2 mm Hg before instrumentation then not changed. The left bronchus of 7 dogs was obstructed with a Univent bronchial blocker (Fuji Systems Corp, Tokyo, Japan). Blood gas analysis and hemodynamic measurements were taken at predetermined intervals for 1 hour in the TLV group and at baseline and following bronchial obstruction in the OLV group.Results— Shunt fraction was not significantly different between groups, but in OLV shunt increased from baseline at 5 minutes. Arterial oxygen (Pao2) decreased after baseline in OLV compared with TLV. Arterial carbon dioxide (Paco2) increased with OLV and decreased with TLV. In OLV, systemic vascular resistance was variable and decreased compared with TLV. Cardiac index increased over time in both groups but was not affected by treatment. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and diastolic arterial pressure increased with OLV compared with TLV but did not change over time.Conclusion— This study shows that OLV statistically decreases oxygen tension and transiently increases shunt fraction, but with 100% O2 it appears to be a feasible procedure with minimal cardiopulmonary side effects in healthy dogs.Clinical Relevance— OLV is a feasible procedure in anesthetized dogs to better facilitate thoracic procedures such as bronchopleural fistula repair and thoracoscopy.
Excessive anticoagulation in patients with mild renal insufficiency receiving long‐term therapeutic enoxaparin
Authors: Busby Leslie T. , Weyman Anne , Rodgers George M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLow‐molecular‐weight heparins, such as enoxaparin, are increasingly being used for treatment of venous thromboembolism. We describe two patients who received therapeutic enoxaparin for several months. Although their serum creatinine values were normal, both had mild renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance 60–70 ml/min), and both accumulated the drug abnormally and experienced clinical bleeding. These results suggest that patients receiving enoxaparin (or other low‐molecular‐weight heparins) in therapeutic doses for periods of more than 4 weeks should be considered for laboratory monitoring to avoid bleeding. Am. J. Hematol. 67:54–56, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of human herpesvirus 6 and JC virus in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating follicular lymphoma
Authors: Daibata Masanori , Hatakeyama Nobuo , Kamioka Mikio , Nemoto Yuiko , Hiroi Makoto , Miyoshi Isao , Taguchi Hirokuni 
Published: August 2002

AbstractProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a demyelinating infectious disease caused by JC virus (JCV), occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients usually with malignant diseases. We report here a Japanese female with follicular lymphoma who subsequently developed PML. In addition to JCV, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6) was detected in the affected brain lesions of the patient by polymerase chain reaction and by in situ hybridization. HHV‐6, recognized as a neurotropic virus, is known to be reactivated during immunosuppression and can cause fatal complications such as encephalitis/encephalopathy. It is likely that impaired immunity associated with lymphoma and the additional immunosuppression following cytopenia‐inducing chemotherapies predisposed the patient to reactivated HHV‐6 infection. Although it remains to be clarified whether HHV‐6 plays an important role as a co‐agent with JCV in causing demyelination of the brain, our observation alerts physicians to the possible association of HHV‐6 with the pathogenesis of PML. Am. J. Hematol. 67:200–205, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of open lung biopsy for undiagnosed pulmonary infiltrates in patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Dai Ming‐Shen , Lee Shih‐Chun , Ho Ching‐Liang , Chen Yu‐Chin , Kao Wei‐You , Chao Tsu‐Yi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPulmonary complications are frequently encountered in patients with hematological malignancy. The optimal therapeutic decision including open lung biopsy (OLB) for such patients is uncertain. We herein examine the clinical impact of OLB on these patients. Seven patients with progressively diffuse pulmonary infiltrates despite aggressive medical treatment were examined. The underlying diseases, prior treatment for presumptive pneumonia, the change in therapeutic approach after operation, and clinical outcome were reviewed retrospectively. Diffuse pulmonary infiltrates were caused by infection in two patients and by noninfectious etiology such as alveolar proteinosis, idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis, leukemic involvement, and drug‐induced alveolar damage in the others. Four patients who had serious underlying hematologic diseases such as myelodysplastic syndrome, acute and chronic myeloid leukemia, and T cell lymphoma died. Three patients with acute lymphoid leukemia survived. In two of these three, change of therapeutic strategies after OLB was created for the survival. OLB in patients with hematological malignancy may be useful in selected patients with a treatable hematologic disease who have treatable underlying causes of the pulmonary infiltrate. Am. J. Hematol. 68:87–90, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Airways inflammation after exposure in a swine confinement building during cleaning procedure
Authors: Larsson Britt‐Marie , Larsson Kjell , Malmberg Per , Palmberg Lena 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundHealthy volunteers exposed for 3 hr during weighing of pigs develop an airway inflammation characterized by a massive influx of neutrophilic granulocytes in the upper and lower airways and increased bronchial responsiveness to methacholine. The purpose of the present study was to investigate health effects from exposure during cleaning of the swine confinement building and to evaluate the effect of a respiratory protection device.MethodsSixteen subjects were exposed for 3 hr during cleaning of a swine confinement room with a high‐pressure cleaner. Seven out of sixteen subjects were equipped with a mask during exposure.ResultsThe bronchial responsiveness increased in all subjects following exposure, significantly more in the group exposed without a mask (P < 0.05). The cell concentration (mainly neutrophilic granulocytes) in nasal lavage fluid as well as the concentration of interleukin‐8, increased significantly only in those subjects exposed without a respiratory protection device. In peripheral blood, an increase of neutrophilic granulocytes was observed in both groups, although it was significantly higher in the group without mask (P < 0.05). The inhalable dust level was 0.94 (0.74 – 1.55) mg/m3 and respirable dust 0.56 (0.51–0.63) mg/m3.ConclusionExposure to dust aerosols during the cleaning of the interior of a swine confinement building induces increased bronchial responsiveness and an acute inflammatory reaction in the upper airways. The use of a mask attenuated but did not abolish the inflammatory response. This suggests that gases and/or ultrafine particles in this environment could be important factors in the development of increased bronchial responsiveness. Am. J. Ind. Med. 41:250–258, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and psychiatric disorders in NF1 patients
Authors: Bellivier Frank , Laplanche Jean‐Louis , Fournier Geneviève , Wolkenstein Pierre 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal‐dominant genetic disease characterized by a broad clinical expression. Comorbid affective disorders, anxiety disorders, and suicide are frequently observed during NF1. The promoter marker (5‐HTTLPR) of the serotonin transporter gene (5‐HTT) has been shown to be associated with major affective disorders, anxiety‐related trait, and more recently with suicidal behavior. This gene is adjacent to the NF1 gene, raising the question of the implication of the 5‐HTT gene in the psychiatric comorbidity during NF1. Eighty‐eight patients with NF1 and 184 screened controls were typed for the 5‐HTTLPR. No deviation from the Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium in patients was observed. In addition, allele and genotype frequencies were similar in the two groups. Our data do not support the implication of the 5‐HTT gene in the psychiatric comorbidities of NF1. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PRINS tandem labeling of satellite DNA in the study of chromosome damage
Authors: Russo Antonella 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTandem labeling of satellite DNA was proposed a few years ago (1) for evaluating preferential chromosome breaks in the pericentromeric regions of mammalian chromosomes, and (2) for distinguishing chromosome breaks from chromosome segregation errors in interphase cells. In the presence of primers and modified nucleotides, primed in situ labeling (PRINS) tags repetitive DNA sequences, and serves as a useful alternative to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We developed a two‐color method for PRINS tandem labeling of centromeric and pericentromeric sequences. The method, which appears to be more sensitive than FISH, was used to assay micronuclei in mouse splenocytes and early spermatids, and it provided insight into mechanisms of induction of chromosome damage in these cells. We compared the sensitivity of this method and of a different two‐color approach, based on simultaneous labeling of centromeric and telomeric sequences. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of APOE ε2/ε3/ε4 and promoter gene variants with dementia but not cardiovascular mortality in old age
Authors: Heijmans Bastiaan T. , Slagboom P. Eline , Gussekloo Jacobijn , Droog Simone , Lagaay A. Margot , Kluft Cornelis , Knook Dick L. , Westendorp Rudi G.J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe common apolipoprotein E (APOE) alleles ε2, ε3, and ε4 are associated with the risk of dementia and cardiovascular disease. Recently, two functional variants (− 219G/T and −491A/T) were identified in the promoter of the APOE gene that enable a further characterization of the role of the APOE locus in disease. We investigated the contribution of these APOE gene variants to dementia and cardiovascular mortality in old age using a population‐based cohort of 648 subjects aged 85 years and over (Leiden 85‐Plus Study). Genotypes containing an APOE ε4 allele were associated with a 4.1‐fold (95% CI, 2.2–7.7) increased risk of dementia as compared to the ε3/ε3 genotype in old subjects. Moreover, homozygosity for the −219T allele was found to be associated with a 2.4‐fold (95% CI, 1.0–5.8) increased risk independently of ε2 and ε4; the −491A/T variant was not associated with dementia. Over a 10‐year follow‐up period, the risk of cardiovascular mortality was not increased among ε4 carriers (RR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4–1.0) or −219T homozygous subjects (RR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.7–1.7), nor did it decrease among −491T homozygous subjects (RR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.6–3.1). In conclusion, both the APOE ε2/ε3/ε4 and the −219G/T variant were identified as risk factors for dementia but not cardiovascular mortality in old age. Our results support the hypothesis that both the isoform and the amount of APOE may influence the risk of dementia. Furthermore, they emphasize that variation at the APOE locus has a higher impact on the risk of dementia than on the risk of cardiovascular disease in old age. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decisions about amniocentesis by advanced maternal age patients following maternal serum screening may not always correlate clinically with screening results: Need for improvement in informed consent process
Authors: Marini Tina , Sullivan Jan , Naeem Rizwan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe evaluated the prenatal diagnosis utilization patterns of advanced maternal age (AMA) patients who underwent serum screening to assess how screening results correlated with their decisions regarding amniocentesis. A 6‐year review (1994–1999) of laboratory records identified 2,456 AMA patients who underwent multiple‐marker serum screening. The relationship between screening results and patients' decisions on whether or not to undergo amniocentesis was assessed. Among the 841 AMA patients with positive screens, more than half (52%) declined amniocentesis. Of the 1,615 patients with negative serum screening results, 208 (13%) opted for amniocentesis. We concluded that decisions by AMA patients regarding amniocentesis may not always correlate clinically with maternal serum screening results. Possible explanations, including how the state of informed consent may or may not contribute to these decisions, are discussed. It is suggested that understanding the reasons for these decisions may identify opportunities for improving service delivery to all pregnant patients considering prenatal testing. Use of a questionnaire is proposed as one mechanism for gaining a clearer understanding of the possible factors contributing to AMA patient decisions. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence for linkage disequilibrium between the alpha 7‐nicotinic receptor gene (CHRNA7) locus and schizophrenia in Azorean families*
Authors: Xu Junzhe , Pato Michele T. , Torre Camille Dalla , Medeiros Helena , Carvalho Celia , Basile Vincenzo S. , Bauer Amy , Dourado Ana , Valente Jose , Soares Maria Joao , Macedo Antonio A. , Coelho Isabel , Ferreira Carlos Paz , Azevedo M. Helena , Macciardi Fabio , Kennedy James L. , Pato Carlos N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that the alpha 7‐nicotinic receptor gene (CHRNA7) may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. The alpha 7‐nicotinic receptor gene (CHRNA7) is involved in P50 auditory sensory gating deficits, and the genomic locus for this gene lies in the chromosome 15q13–14 regions. The human gene is partially duplicated (exons 5–10) with four novel upstream exons. The marker D15S1360 has been shown to be significantly linked with the phenotype of abnormal P50 suppression in schizophrenia families. The marker L76630 is 3 kb in the 3′ direction from the last exon of the CHRNA7 gene and is located in the duplicated region. The function of the two L76630 copies is unknown. We genotyped three polymorphic markers D15S1360, D15S165, and L76630 that are localized in a genomic fragment containing the CHRNA7 in 31 Azorean schizophrenia families/trios (including 41 schizophrenia individuals and 97 unaffected families members). An overall analysis utilizing the family‐based association test revealed significant linkage disequilibrium between L76630 and schizophrenia (P = 0.0004). Using the extended transmission disequilibrium test and limiting the analysis to one triad per family, transmission disequilibrium of D15S1360 was near significance (P = 0.078). The 15q13 region overlaps with the location of two well‐known genomically imprinted disorders: Angelman syndrome and Prader‐Willi syndrome. Therefore, we investigated maternal and paternal meioses. We found significant transmission disequilibrium for D15S1360 through paternal transmission (P = 0.0006) in our schizophrenia families. The L76630 marker showed a significant disequilibrium in maternal transmissions (P = 0.028). No parent‐of‐origin effect was found in D15S165. Overall, our results suggest that the CHRNA7 may play a role in schizophrenia in these families. A parent of origin effect may be present and requires further study. Published 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A balanced reciprocal translocation t(5;7)(q14;q32) associated with autistic disorder: Molecular analysis of the chromosome 7 breakpoint
Authors: Tentler Dmitry , Brandberg Göran , Betancur Catalina , Gillberg Christopher , Annerén Göran , Orsmark Christina , Green Eric D , Carlsson Birgit , Dahl Niklas 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAutism is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction, restricted and stereotypic pattern of interest with onset by 3 years of age. The results of genetic linkage studied for autistic disorder (AD) have suggested a susceptibility locus for the disease on the long arm of chromosome 7. We report a girl with AD and a balanced reciprocal translocation t(5;7)(q14;q32). The mother carries the translocation but do not express the disease. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with chromosome 7–specific YAC clones showed that the breakpoint coincides with the candidate region for AD. We identified a PAC clone that spans the translocation breakpoint and the breakpoint was mapped to a 2 kb region. Mutation screening of the genes SSBP and T2R3 located just centromeric to the breakpoint was performed in a set of 29 unrelated autistic sibling pairs who shared at least one chromosome 7 haplotype. We found no sequence variations, which predict amino acid alterations. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in the T2R3 gene, and associations between allele variants and AD in our population were not found. The methylation pattern of different chromosome 7 regions in the patient's genomic DNA appears normal. Here we report the clinical presentation of the patient with AD and the characterization of the genomic organization across the breakpoint at 7q32. The precise localization of the breakpoint on 7q32 may be relevant for further linkage studies and molecular analysis of AD in this region. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abundance, diversity, and patterns of distribution of primates on the Tapiche River in Amazonian Peru
Authors: Bennett Cynthia L. , Leonard Suzi , Carter Scott 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis work presents data on the relative diversity, abundance, and distribution patterns of primates in a 20 km2area of the Tapiche River in the Peruvian Amazon. Population data were collected while the study area was both inundated and dry (March to September 1997) using conventional line‐transect census techniques. Survey results reflected the presence of 11 primate species, but population parameters on only eight of the species will be presented, including saddleback tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis), Bolivian squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis), brown capuchins (Cebus apella), white‐fronted capuchins (Cebus albifrons), monk sakis (Pithecia monachus), red titi monkeys (Callicebus cupreus), red uakaris (Cacajao calvus), and red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus). Woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha), night monkeys (Aotus nancymaae), and pygmy marmosets (Callithrix pygmaea) were also seen in the area. The data for the smaller‐bodied primates is similar to that reported almost 18 years earlier, but the data for the larger‐bodied primates reflect a loss in the number of animals present in the area. Pressure from hunters and the timber industry may account for declining numbers of large‐bodied primates, while it appears that natural features peculiar to the conservation area contribute to the patchy pattern of distribution. Am. J. Primatol. 54:119–126, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dental relatedness corresponding to mortuary patterning at Huaca Loro, Peru
Authors: Corruccini Robert S. , Shimada Izumi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWithin and between tombs at the 1,000‐year‐old site of Huaca Loro on north coastal Peru, interment characteristics vary to an intriguing degree. Following and elaborating upon prior intracemetery studies, biological relatedness among associated burial groupings was assessed using 23 dental characters (assuming familial allele segregation) for 29 individuals. Biological patterning was based on multivariate distance between individuals using all traits, rather than the previously widespread reliance upon univariate comparison of each trait separately within samples. This multivariate approach did seem more informative. Statistically significant variation of biological similarities and dissimilarities corresponded to spatial groupings and also to various specific archaeological indications of the cohesiveness, or lack thereof, of interment pattern. The partition of biological distances among tombs at Huaca Loro supports the archaeological evidence that the tombs represent a planned elite cemetery. Am J Phys Anthropol 117:113–121, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.