bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Content and quality of nutrition‐related information disseminated in the newspapers with the highest readership in Lima, Peru
Authors: Oxenstein Jackelyn Friedman , Campa Adriana 
Published: November 2023

Objectiveto analyze the content and quality of the nutrition‐related news disseminated in the newspapers with the highest readership (57%) in Lima, Peru.MethodsA descriptive, non‐experimental study was conducted using a total number of nutrition‐related news published in 210 copies (30 each) of the seven newspapers with the highest readership (57%) in Lima‐Peru between November 2013 and October 2014. Opinion columns or interviews with nutrition professionals were excluded. To analyze the characteristics of the content, the nutrition‐related news were reviewed using a checklist that included newspaper names, publication date, title, section, topic, presence and type of sources. To analyze the quality, the checklist included: presence of recommendations, and its congruency with credible sources. The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the 2009 Peruvian Food Composition Tables, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics webpage, the World Health Organization's nutritional standards, the American Diabetes Association webpage, or current scientific articles published since 2012 were used to judge the quality of the recommendations. The congruency of the advice was classified as: pure congruent advice, pure incongruent advice, mixed advice, or no advice. News that included pure congruent advice, or no advice with no incorrect information, were classified as “high quality news.” All the others were classified as “low quality news.” The findings were modified by the effect of the size of the readership.ResultsContent analysis showed 61 nutrition‐related news with 59% in a “Nutrition” section, 55.7% of the news were about the benefits of consuming a specific food, 57.4% of the news did not mention a source, while only 42.6% included a source that supported the information. In the quality analysis, 47.5% of the news had pure congruent advice, 31.1% included no advice, 11.5% provided pure incongruent advice, and 9.8% had mixed advice; 72.1% of the nutrition‐related news did not include any incorrect information, 75% of the news were classified as “high quality news. However, when the percent of the high quality news was modified by the readership, only 43%, or less than half of the news, were of high quality.ConclusionsNewspapers are a major source of nutrition‐related information in Lima‐Peru, where other media is not highly accessible, and where consumers make lifestyle decisions based on what is publicly disseminated. The role of the Registered Dietitians as an expert in the development of nutrition messages for the mass media in Peru needs to be established and emphasized. This study demonstrates the importance of the synergetic work between journalists and Registered Dietitians to produce quality nutrition‐related information to be disseminated in the printed media.Support or Funding InformationLatin American & Caribbean Scholarship
An Exploratory Study Examining the Impact of Participating in a Nutrition‐Education and Culinary Skill‐Building Program on Adolescents' Dietary Intake Using the Remote Food Photography Method
Authors: Robin Molly E , Cater Melissa , Miketinas Derek , Bailey Ariana , Rhea Kwadernica , Martin Corby K , Tuuri Georgianna 
Published: November 2023

It is important for adolescents to develop healthy eating habits, yet many youth lack adequate cooking skills and frequently purchase and consume foods away from home. Away‐from‐home meals tend to be low in fruits and vegetables, and a lack of these foods can contribute to a lower quality diet. Nutrition‐education and culinary skill‐building programs have been found to improve adolescents' motivation and competence to follow the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendations, yet it is not known if such interventions improve dietary intake. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of participating in a summer nutrition‐education and culinary skill‐building program on high school students' consumption of fruits, vegetables, and overall dietary quality. Three‐day diet records were gathered before and after participating in a six‐week summer enrichment program using the Remote Food Photography Method. Participants sent photographs of foods and beverages consumed to investigators, and dietary information was analyzed by researchers at Pennington Biomedical Research Center. Normally distributed data were analyzed using t‐tests and data not normally distributed were examined with Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests. Twenty adolescents were invited to participate, and eight enrolled (40%). Four participants were male (50%) and all were African American. The adolescents' mean age was 16 ± 1.1 years. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests indicated that the adolescents' 3‐day‐average servings of fruit significantly increased from baseline (Mdn = 0.00) to post‐program (Mdn = 0.69), Z = −2.02, p < 0.05, r = 0.71, but consumption of vegetables and overall diet quality estimated from Healthy Eating Index (HEI) Score did not change as a result of participating in the program. For the eight participants, the number of vegetable servings pre‐program was Mdn = 0.00, and the number of servings post‐program was Mdn = 0.00. The HEI pre‐program mean score was M = 61.50, SE = 0.54 and the post‐program score was M = 64.58, SE = 2.16. The results from this study suggest that behavioral interventions promoting nutrition education and cooking competence can improve older adolescents' consumption of fruit.Support or Funding InformationPartially funded by Hatch Project 94127, and NIH grants P30DK072476 and U54 GM104940.
Educational Messaging at Breakfast, Not Protein Source, Influences Appetite Response, Food Preferences, and Food Intake in Men and Women
Authors: Baum Jamie I , Neumann Brianna L , Mitchell Charlayne F , Kubas Gabrielle , Russell Sarah 
Published: November 2023

Early adulthood is a vulnerable time for weight gain. A primary contributor to weight gain and obesity is an increase in unhealthy eating habits, such as skipping breakfast, which has been strongly associated with overeating, weight gain, and obesity. Studies have shown that breakfasts high in protein enhance feelings of fullness compared a carbohydrate‐based breakfast. However, very few studies have examined the effect of protein quality at breakfast on postprandial appetite response, food preference and food intake, and, to our knowledge, no data exists regarding educational messaging at breakfast and subsequent food intake. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to 1) determine if protein source at breakfast impacts appetite response, food preference and food intake, and 2) determine if educational messaging presented at breakfast impacts appetite response, food preference and food intake. This was a randomized, crossover study in which each participant received two different breakfasts (plant protein‐based and animal protein‐based) with a minimum one‐week washout period between breakfasts. Each participant was randomly assigned to either the educational messaging (EM; n=17; 13 females, 4 males; 24 ± 1 y) or non‐messaging (NM; 9 females, 6 males; 23 ± 1 y) group. Each test breakfast was 280 kcal, 59% protein, 27% carbohydrate, and 14% fat. At the beginning of each breakfast, participants in the EM group received 5 messages about dietary protein, which they read and kept visible during the 3‐hour testing period. Participants had 7 minutes to consume the breakfast and appetite was assessed for the following 120 min. At 120 min, participants were presented with a variety of healthy or unhealthy snacks and advised to eat as much or as little as they desired. The snacking period lasted 60 min. Data was analyzed using two‐way, repeated measures ANOVA, P<0.05 was considered significant. Participants preferred (P<0.05) the animal protein‐ versus plant protein‐based breakfast. There was no difference in protein source or EM or NM in appetite response. Protein source did not influence snack intake. However, participants in the NM group consumed more snacks and more unhealthy snacks compared to participants in the EM group (P<0.05). These data suggest that educational nutritional messaging at breakfast can reduce snack intake and encourage healthy snack choices later in the day.Support or Funding InformationArkansas Biosciences Institute. University of Arkansas Honors College Grant.
Identifying Changes in Physical Activity, Body Weight, and Body Composition in First Year University Students
Authors: Thomas Aysha M. , Klentrou Panagiota , Gammage Kimberly , Josse Andrea 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo identify changes in physical activity, body weight, and body composition as students' transition from high school to university and undergo their first year of university.MethodsSubjects included male and female students entering their first year at Brock University, aged 17–20 years, with no previous university or college experience. Data was collected over 2 academic years (2014–15 and 2015–16) at 2 time points: September and April. To analyze the changes in physical activity, students filled out an Activity Questionnaire assessing the physical activity they engaged in, and another questionnaire measuring interpersonal, intrapersonal and structural factors that promoted or dissuaded them from being physically active. Participants also underwent body composition testing.ResultsThere was an overall average weight gain of 2.0 kg (4.4 lbs) (p<0.001) across the sample, with males gaining an average of 3.5 kg (7.7 lbs) (p<0.001) and females gaining an average of 1.4 kg (3.1 lbs) (p<0.001). Females demonstrated significant increases in fat mass (p<0.001) and lean mass (p<0.001), whereas males demonstrated significant increases in lean mass (p<0.001) only. These changes were accompanied by significant reductions in physical activity output, including energy expenditure, light, moderate, and vigorous activity minutes, and MET minutes per week among females. Males experienced similar significant reductions in all variables except vigorous activity minutes. Perceived intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural barriers to physical activity participation significantly increased favouring reductions in physical activity for both males and females.ConclusionsWeight gain occurred among first year students at Brock University, characterized by increased fat and lean mass in females and increased lean mass in males. This difference illustrates the importance of measuring body composition and not just body weight to assess these changes. Reductions in overall physical activity were observed across the sample highlighting the importance of developing interventions to promote physical activity among first year students. These interventions should focus on reducing the barriers that affect students' physical activity participation including peer influence, gender, age, ethnic background, and perceived body image.
Evaluation of Caloric and Macronutrient Content of Meals Sent from Home and Meals Provided in a CACFP Certified Preschool Program
Authors: Woods Lauren , Spence Marsha , Harris Tiffany , Waddill Mary , Parrott Rebecca , Aaron Kindall , Colby Sarah , Kavanagh Katie 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe US Department of Agriculture sets nutrition standards for childcare centers and schools to ensure the nutritional quality of foods served to children. Recently, the nutrition standards for the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP), which provides monetary support for low‐income childcare and preschool centers, were updated to reflect a healthier and more balanced diet. Still, many families opt to send meals from home for their children rather than depending on meals from the childcare centers.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient profile of lunches provided by the Child and Adult Care Food Program, and compare the results to the nutrient profile of lunches from home.MethodsPhotographs were taken of school and home lunches as part of the Health Happens! preschool intervention program. These photographs were then evaluated for content, including food type and estimated serving size; then, the meals were entered into the Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR). The mean caloric and macronutrient data were evaluated using IBM SPSS Statistics 24. Independent t‐tests were used to determine if there were significant differences between the home meals and the school meals.ResultsThe mean values for total energy, total fat, total carbohydrate, and total protein were measured. Home meals had a mean of 668.83 kcal, 28.32 g of fat, 85.98 g of carbohydrate, and 20.20 g of protein. The meals served at the childcare center had a mean of 544.18 kcal, 19.04 g of total fat, 78.62 g of carbohydrate, and 18.71 g of protein. There were no significant differences between the energy and macronutrients for home vs. childcare center meals.ConclusionThe difference in nutrient content between meals sent from home and meals provided by CACFP approved childcare centers is negligible. Either source is a viable option for providing adequate nutrition to preschool students.Support or Funding InformationUniversity of Tennessee and East Tennessee Children's Hospital
Incorporation of Online Nutrition CME Courses in State‐Level Education Libraries Aid to Improve Physician Knowledge
Authors: Hicks Kristen , Murano Peter S. 
Published: November 2023

Post‐graduation physician skills are limited with respect to nutrition basics and nutrition counseling skills, creating a gap between physician expertise and patient demands. This is due in large measure to a lack of nutrition training in medical school. With the emergence and increase in “lifestyle diseases” such as diabetes and obesity, physicians need to play a key role discussing these with patients. Our research objective was to provide online nutrition education to physicians to help prepare them for patient interactions. We launched two online courses through state‐level medical association education libraries starting in 2016 to provide nutrition training to physicians: “Frontiers in Type 2 Diabetes: The Role of Nutrition in Health” and “Stimulating Nutrition and Lifestyle Education with the Overweight Patient”. Online courses are advantageous to busy clinicians due to convenience and ease of accessibility. The initial participant pool (n=27) was comprised of 14 males and 13 females from over ten urban areas, representing 1–41 years in practice in family medicine, obstetrics, surgery, anesthesiology and ten other specialties. More than 85% of the participants surveyed lacked knowledge on the prevalence of diabetes in the U.S., and over 50% of participants were unable to define the purpose of Medical Nutrition Therapy, according to our pre‐test results. Following completion of the online CME courses, data gathered from post‐tests showed positive improvements in learning as related to questions specific to the courses. Thus, online CME nutrition education courses may increase physician nutrition knowledge in specific, critical areas such as lifestyle diseases. Ultimately, such courses will help physicians be better able to integrate nutrition counseling with patients in order to improve health outcomes and decrease recurring visits.Support or Funding InformationJane Elizabeth Watkins Cohen Nutrition Education Endowed Scholarship
Do Adults Drink During Meals or Outside Meals? Results of the Liq.In7 Cross Sectional Surveys
Authors: Guelinckx Isabelle , Morin Clémentine 
Published: November 2023

PURPOSETo estimate fluid intake (FI, sum of drinking water and all other beverages) consumed on different moments of the day in order to identify moments with low FI. In light of a health intervention, these moments could be potential opportunities for individuals to change their FI towards the adequate intake of water.METHODS10 513 adults (41±13 years) (47% men) recruited in the Liq.In7 cross‐sectional surveys completed a 7 day fluid specific record. Visuals of standard containers were presented to increase the accuracy of reported TFI. To compare the country mean to the overall group mean, an analysis of means methods was used.RESULTSThe mean (SEM) FI of the total sample was 2113 mL/d (9). Compared to the mean of the total sample, the mean of Mexico, Spain, France and China was significantly lower (respectively 1848 mL/d (24); 1958 mL/d (27); 1536 mL/d (25); 1884 mL/d (33); p=0,001) and the one of Uruguay, Germany, UK and Indonesia higher (respectively 2658 mL/d (43); 2459 mL/d (22); 2258 mL/d (30); 2305 mL/d (17); p=0,001). In the total sample 52% of FI was consumed outside of meals. In Mexico, Uruguay, Spain and France this proportion was significantly lower, and in Germany, UK, China and Indonesia higher than the total mean (for all P<0.001) (see figure). In Mexico 24% of FI is consumed during lunch, and on average 16% each during breakfast and dinner. Compared to the group mean, in Uruguay significantly more FI is consumed in the afternoon (23%), followed by lunch (20%) and dinner (19%) (p<0.001). In France and Spain mean FI consumed during meals is comparable. In the UK and Germany most FI is consumed in the evening, while mean volume consumed during the 3 meals is comparable. In China and Indonesia most FI is consumed outside of meals and the mean FI during the 3 meals is comparable. As expected, on average only 2% is consumed during the night time. The second moment on which the least FI is consumed is upon awakening (mean 8%). Only in Indonesia and China FI at awakening is significant higher than the group mean (respectively 13%; 10%, p<0.001)CONCLUSIONThese results have a practical and methodological significance. The practical one is that nutritional advice aiming to meet the adequate water intake could focus on specific moments of the day (eg start your day with a glass of water). The methodological significance of the results relates to methods to accurately assess fluid intake: since up to 71% of FI can take place outside of meals, recording methods should draw attention to record intakes outside meals. If fluid intake is the primary outcome, a fluid specific questionnaire should be considered.Support or Funding InformationThis research is supported by Danone Research
Do Parents with the Authoritative Feeding Style have Better Food Parenting Practices?
Authors: Baietto Jamey , Vollmer Rachel L 
Published: November 2023

The authoritative feeding style has been proposed to be the most desirable feeding style; however, few studies investigate how these parents may differ in their feeding behaviors compared to parents with other feeding styles. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between parental feeding styles and food parenting practices. Parents of children aged 3 to 7 years of age (n=148) completed surveys to measure feeding style (Child Feeding Questionnaire) and food parenting practices (Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire). Linear regressions were used to test the study aim with the authoritative feeding style serving as the reference and parent race, ethnicity, and income as covariates. It was found that parents with the authoritarian (B = −.23, p = .05; B = .42, p = .05) and uninvolved feeding style (B = −.27, p = .05; B = −.51, p = .05) encouraged balance and variety and provided healthy foods in the home significantly less than parents with authoritative feeding style. Additionally, authoritarian feeding style (B = .74, p = .02) used food as a reward significantly more than parents with the authoritative feeding style. These results indicate that while parents with the authoritative feeding style reported better food parenting practices compared to parents with authoritarian or involved feeding styles, there were no differences in other important feeding behaviors, such as modeling, restriction, or pressure. Therefore, all parents, regardless of feeding style, may benefit from interventions aimed at improving feeding behaviors.Support or Funding InformationThis project was funded by Illinois State University's College of Applied Science and Technology University Research Grant.
Anemia During Infancy Affects the Fecal Microbiome and Fecal and Serum Metabolomes
Authors: McClorry Shannon , Zavaleta Nelly , Llanos Alejandro , Casaría Martin , Lönnerdal Bo , Slupsky Carolyn 
Published: November 2023

While anemia can be the result of several micronutrient deficiencies, iron deficiency is frequently the cause. Children under the age of 2 are commonly affected by iron deficiency anemia, particularly in developing nations where repeated infection can exacerbate existing nutritional deficiency. Iron deficiency during childhood is associated with several negative outcomes, some of which persist beyond repletion. Here we investigated alterations in systemic metabolism and microbial diversity and functionality in a cross‐section of 6 mo and 12 mo anemic and non‐anemic Peruvian infants (n=200). Serum and fecal metabolomes were assessed using 1H‐NMR and the fecal microbiome by 16S rRNA sequencing. Differences in microbial communities between the ages were as expected, with 6 mo old subjects exhibiting a greater abundance of Bifidobacteria, and lower abundance of Bacteroidetes and Clostridia, in comparison to the 12 mo old subjects. In 6 mo old subjects, we observed few differences in microbial communities and the fecal metabolome between anemic and non‐anemic subjects, though there were suggestions of impaired systemic energy metabolism as indicated by decreased levels of TCA cycle intermediates. In 12 mo old subjects, the structure of the microbial community did not exhibit many differences between anemic and non‐anemic infants. However, the fecal metabolomes suggested changes in community functionality with anemic infants having greater concentrations of both toxic and antioxidant compounds. While the concentrations of many of these compounds are too low to be quantified in blood, these differences have the potential to influence systemic metabolism. Additionally, 12 mo old anemic subjects exhibited expected decreases energy metabolism, and interesting male‐specific changes in amino acid levels were also observed. Considering that a greater proportion of anemia in the 12 mo old male subjects can be attributed to iron deficiency in comparison to the 12 mo old females, these patterns may begin to provide clues regarding why males are at a greater risk of developing IDA. Furthermore, these results highlight metabolic differences in anemia, and suggest how anemia negatively impacts long‐term development, potentially in a sex‐specific manner.Support or Funding InformationSupport for this project was provided by GAIN.