bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual differences in adolescent health symptoms: the effects of gender and coping
Authors: Wilson Gregory S. , Pritchard Mary E. , Revalee Brian 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that adult men and women experience different types and severities of physical and psychological health symptoms. This study examined whether in the case of adolescents these reported gender differences in physical and psychological health symptoms could actually be the result of differences in coping styles. Five hundred and forty‐six adolescents were questioned on their coping styles and symptoms. We found gender differences in physical and psychological health symptoms (e.g. anger, depression, tension, negative moods), as well as in coping styles. We also found that the relation between health symptoms and coping varied significantly by gender. The results of this study suggest that doctors, school counselors and family therapists may want to take gender differences in coping styles into account when seeing adolescent patients for physical or psychological health symptoms, and find ways to help the adolescents cope more effectively with their stressors.
Adolescents’ experience with sex on the web: results from online focus groups
Authors: Cameron Kenzie A. , Salazar Laura F. , Bernhardt Jay M. , Burgess‐Whitman Nan , Wingood Gina M. , DiClemente Ralph J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTo discover adolescent Internet users’ experiences with, exposure to, and perceptions of sexually oriented websites (SOW) and sexually explicit websites (SEW), four web‐based focus groups () were conducted. Participants (ages 14–17) reported high levels of exposure to SEW and SOW, which was intentional for some and unsolicited for others. Female adolescents found SEW to be socially distasteful; some adolescent males avoided SEW while others were willing consumers. Participants believed exposure to SEW had no influence on them, and reported that their parents were unaware of what they view online. Future research should explore the effects of exposure to SEW and to SOW and mediating factors.
Identity development and alcohol consumption: current and retrospective self‐reports by college students
Authors: Bishop David I. , Weisgram Erica S. , Holleque Kristine M. , Lund Kecia E. , Wheeler‐Anderson Jenna R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFirst‐year college students were asked to complete alcohol consumption and identity status questionnaires—currently and retrospectively. Trend analyses of the retrospective data and current data revealed somewhat similar inverse linear trends for identity status on absolute annual alcohol consumption. In both cases, identity sophistication was associated with lower levels of consumption. Of the students who reported an increase in consumption from the junior year of high school to the first year of college, those displaying progressive identity development reported a relatively lower increase in consumption than those displaying stable identity status. This difference approached the conventional level of significance. The implications of these findings are explored.
Age at puberty and father absence in a national probability sample
Authors: Bogaert Anthony F. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe relations between intactness of the parental unit (e.g., father absent at age 14) and pubertal timing in both men and women were examined in a US national probability sample. In both men and women, an absent father at age 14 predicted an earlier age of puberty (e.g., early menarche or voice change). There was little evidence that an absent mother or the presence of a stepfather, independent of a father's absence, was related to early puberty in either men or women. The results extend previous research and suggest that certain psychosocial factors (i.e., father absence) may affect growth and development in both adolescent girls and boys.
Comparing acceptance‐ and control‐based coping instructions on the cold‐pressor pain experiences of healthy men and women
Authors: Keogh Edmund , Bond Frank W. , Hanmer Ruth , Tilston Jackie 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe current study reflects recent developments in psychotherapy by examining the effect of acceptance‐based coping instructions, when compared to the opposite, more control/distraction‐based instructions, on cold‐pressor pain. Since previous research indicates gender differences in how people cope with pain, we also sought to determine whether differences would be found between healthy men and women. As predicted, results indicated that women reported lower pain threshold and tolerance level than did men. Furthermore, the acceptance‐based instruction resulted in lower sensory pain reports when compared to the opposite instructions. Finally, for affective pain, acceptance instructions only benefited women. These results suggest that acceptance‐based coping may be particular useful in moderating the way in which individuals, especially women, cope with pain.
Pain‐related fear at the start of a new low back pain episode
Authors: Sieben Judith M. , Portegijs Piet J.M. , Vlaeyen Johan W.S. , Knottnerus J. André 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPrevious research supports the fear‐avoidance model in explaining chronic low back pain (LBP) disability. The aims of the present study were to determine: (1) whether fear‐avoidance model variables are associated already during acute stages of LBP and (2) whether (increases in) pain‐related fear are associated with other patient characteristics routinely assessed by the General Practitioner (GP).General practice patients consulting because of a new episode of LBP completed questionnaires on pain‐related fear, avoidance, pain and disability. A sample of 247 acute LBP patients (median duration of current episode was 5 days) was collected. Significant associations were found between pain intensity, pain‐related fear, avoidance behaviour and disability, but correlations were generally modest. A strong association was found between pain and disability. Pain‐related fear was slightly higher in patients reporting low job satisfaction and in those taking bedrest.These results suggest that the fear‐avoidance model as it was developed and tested in chronic LBP, might not entirely apply to acute LBP patients. Future research should focus on the transition from acute to chronic LBP and the shifts that take place between fear‐avoidance model associations.
Auditory processing deficits in rats with neonatal hypoxic‐ischemic injury
Authors: McClure Melissa M. , Peiffer Ann M. , Rosen Glenn D. , Fitch R. Holly 
Published: January 2005

AbstractHypoxia‐ischemia (HI) refers to reduced blood oxygenation and/or a diminished amount of blood perfusing the brain, and is associated with premature birth/very low birth weight (VLBW). HI represents a common cause of injury to the perinatal brain. Indeed, a significant number of premature/VLBW infants go on to demonstrate cognitive/behavioral deficits, with particularly high incidence of disruptions in language development. Auditory processing deficits, in turn, have been suggested to play a causal role in the development of language impairments. Specifically, the inability to identify fast elements in speech is purported to exert cascading detrimental effects on phonological discrimination, processing, and identification. Based on this convergent evidence, the current studies address auditory processing evaluation in a rodent model of HI injury induced on postnatal days 1, 7, or 10 (which in turn is well accepted as modeling HI‐related injury to the perinatal human). Induced injuries were followed by a battery of auditory testing, and a spatial maze assessment, performed both during juvenile and adult periods. Results indicate that rats suffering from these early HI insults performed significantly worse than shams on tasks requiring rapid auditory processing, and on a test of spatial learning (Morris water maze (MWM)), although these effects were not seen on simpler versions of auditory tasks or on a water escape assessment (thus ruling out hearing/motor impairments). Correlations were found between performance on rapid auditory and spatial behavioral tasks and neuroanatomical measures for HI animals such as: the volume of the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, ventricles, and/or the area of the corpus callosum. Cumulative findings suggest that perinatal HI injury in the rat may lead to neurodevelopmental damage associated, in turn, with auditory processing and/or learning and memory impairments. As such, the current model may have critical implications for the study of neurophysiological underpinnings of cognitive deficits in premature/VLBW infants.
Prognostic significance of DNA quantification by flow cytometry in ovarian tumors
Authors: Kim Y.T. , Zhao M. , Kim S.H. , Lee C.S. , Kim J.H. , Kim J.W. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of our study is to evaluate prognostic significance of DNA quantification by flow cytometry in ovarian tumor.MethodsA prospective analysis was performed on 56 ovarian tumor patients treated in the Yonsei Medical Center from Feb. 2000 to Jan. 2003.ResultsRegarding the association between tumor grade and the DNA quantitative analysis, as tumor grade increased, the quantity of aneuploid cells and S‐phase fraction (SPF) increased. In addition, SPF was increased significantly in the advanced staged patients (P=0.04) and SPF was significantly increased in aneuploid tumors (P=0.03). The overall survival rate was poor for patients with aneuploid tumors and for patients with tumors showing over SPF (10%).ConclusionOur data demonstrated that the prognosis was poor for patients with aneuploid cancers or increased SPF. Therefore, DNA quantification by flow cytometry may provide important information for predicting the prognosis of the disease.
Mode of delivery and pelvic floor muscle strength and sexual function after childbirth
Authors: Baytur Y.B. , Deveci A. , Uyar Y. , Ozcakir H.T. , Kizilkaya S. , Caglar H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the respective roles of the mode of delivery and strength of pelvic floor muscles in the sexual function of women.MethodThirty‐two women who were delivered vaginally and 21 women who underwent cesarean delivery at the Celal Bayar University School of Medicine Obstetrics Department were enrolled in the study, and 15 nulliparas were recruited as controls. Sexual function was assessed in all women by a validated questionnaire (the Female Sexual Function Index). Desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain were measured separately, and pelvic floor muscle strength was assessed by a perineometer. Sexual function was compared among the 3 groups. The correlation between pelvic floor muscle strength and sexual function was also investigated.ResultsPelvic floor muscle strength was significantly lower in the group vaginally delivered compared with the group delivered by cesarean section and the nulliparous group (P<0.05). There was no difference between the groups regarding sexual function (P>0.05), and there was also no correlation between sexual function and pelvic muscle strength.ConclusionPelvic floor muscle strength and mode of delivery did not affect sexual function in our study participants. The muscular component of female sexual function should be further investigated.
Effects of moisture and temperature on the osteoinductivity of demineralized bone matrix
Authors: Han Bo , Yang Zhi , Nimni Marcel 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDemineralized bone matrix (DBM) is a well established osteoinductive bone graft material. It has been mixed with a variety of carriers to adjust to different forms of handling for a variety of applications. The impact of the various carriers on osteoinductivity remains largely unknown. Using an in vitro cell culture assay and in vivo intramuscular implantations into nude rats, the effects of moisture from water‐based carriers and the storage temperature on osteoinductivity were studied. In the dry state, DBM can preserve its osteoinductive activity when temperatures reached 65 °C, but in the presence of moisture, the activity decreases with incubation time. Nearly 90% of the DBM activity is lost when maintained for 5 weeks at 65 °C. This study further indicates that the structure and stability of the collagen network in DBM not only provide a scaffold for osteogenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, but also controls the release rate of osteoinductive growth factors. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Limit–cycle oscillations of a heavy whirling cable subject to aerodynamic drag
Authors: Clark James David , Fraser Wynstone Barrie , Rahn Christopher David , Rajamani Arun 
Published: January 2005

In this paper a simple experimental system consisting of a length of cable, fixed to the edge of a rotating disc at its upper end, and free at its lower end or with a point mass (drogue) attached there, is described. This system exhibits a rich variety of bifurcation behaviours as the length of cable, angular speed of the fixed end, mass of the drogue and elasticity of the cable is varied. Bifurcation diagrams for thequasistationaryconfigurations (cable shapes that appear stationary with respect to the rotating reference frame) are described. Linearized stability analyses of these quasistationary balloons are compared with solutions to the full time–dependent equations of motion.It is shown that there is an exchange of stability at the turning points of the quasi–stationary bifurcation curves, and that Hopf bifurcations occur at otherwise undistinguished points of these curves. It is shown that limit–cycle oscillations of the system occur at angular speeds corresponding to points on the bifurcations curves in the neighbourhood of the Hopf bifurcation points. These oscillations have been observed experimentally.
Developing global leaders through international assignments
Authors: Kohonen Eeva 
Published: January 2005

PurposeInternational assignments, which are used as an integral part of global management development, are challenging in terms of one's managerial competencies and self‐concept. However, not much is known about how managers develop during international assignments, or about the process of their identity construction. The purpose of this paper is to show the need for studying international assignments from an identity construction perspective and to build up an interdisciplinary framework for this kind of study.Design/methodology/approachThe paper offers a new and an eclectic approach on expatriation by reviewing and combining current literature on expatriation, identity and career.FindingsAs a result of the theoretical discussion the paper notes that more empirical research is needed about the consequences of foreign assignments on individual managers’ identity and subjective career and suggests narratives as a promising strategy to capture the fluid process of identity construction during expatriation.Originality/valueThe value of the paper for academics is that it opens up new avenues for research on international management development and international assignments in particular.
Job satisfaction among expatriates, repatriates and domestic employees
Authors: Bonache Jaime 
Published: January 2005

PurposeThe present study aims to provide an empirical evaluation of job satisfaction among expatriates, repatriates, and domestic employees with no international experience.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted on a large sample of employees from a Spanish multinational construction company. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Scheffe test were employed to analyse the data.FindingsAfter controlling for hierarchical status, the results indicated that, among these three groups of employees, there are some significant differences in the satisfaction ratings on job characteristics, career prospects, and internal communication. The authors did not, however, find differences in the mean satisfaction rating on general job satisfaction. Findings are discussed, as are limitations and suggestions for future research.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature on job satisfaction.
Key success factors when implementing strategic manufacturing initiatives
Authors: Minarro‐Viseras Enrique , Baines Tim , Sweeney Mike 
Published: January 2005

PurposeThis paper reports the study of key success factors (KSFs) in the project management of the implementation of strategic manufacturing initiatives (SMIs).Design/methodology/approachIn order to gather the experience and knowledge of many industries, from different geographic locations, in a broad range of types and sizes of SMIs, a questionnaire‐based survey of practitioners worldwide was selected as the most appropriate research method among those available.FindingsThe identification of those tasks and activities that must be done well in order to succeed in the implementation of a SMI in practice.Practical implicationsPractitioners focusing their attention on the KSFs identified are more likely to succeed. Once these factors have been identified, the value of benchmarking project management methodologies then comes from drawing attention to those tasks that are key to the success of the implementation of SMIs.Originality/valueThe paper presents new thinking by bringing project management into the operations strategy implementation literature as an important mediating factor for success. In this context the factors that are required for successful implementation are identified.
Non‐planar interconnect
Authors: Williams Gavin , Seed Luke , Purvis Alan , Maiden Andrew , McWilliam Richard , Ivey Peter 
Published: January 2005

PurposeThis paper describes a method for patterning fine line interconnections over non‐planar surfaces and introduces the idea of using holographic masks for more challenging geometries.Design/methodology/approachA photolithographic method for achieving grossly non‐planar interconnects is described. The patterning of electrical interconnections onto the piezo‐electric actuators of an ink‐jet print head is used as an example. Uniform coverage of the substrate is achieved using an electro‐depositable photoresist. The required pattern is transferred via a custom‐designed chrome‐on‐glass mask using a standard mask aligner.FindingsLarge arrays of 100 μm‐pitch electrical interconnections were successfully deposited onto 500 μm‐high high piezo‐electric actuators. It was necessary to modify the shapes of the line segments on the mask in order to compensate for diffractive line broadening. For more extreme 3D geometries it becomes necessary to consider the use of holographic masks.Originality/valuePrinted circuit boards and semiconductor wafers are nominally flat and traditional lithographic processes have been developed accordingly. However, future microelectronic packaging schemes and microsystems may require patterning to be achieved on grossly non‐planar surfaces. We have demonstrated that this can be achieved on ink‐jet print heads using photolithography and point to the research necessary to enable it to be realised on more extreme non‐planar substrates.
Neglected dimensions of development: inequality, conflict and aid
Authors: Gounder Rukmani 
Published: January 2005

PurposeAs ethnic diversity is regarded as a determinant of growth, this study engages in an analysis of diversity as the forte behind better economic performance and where social stability of a nation is necessary to achieve growth. While these factors alone may not be sufficient to achieve growth and maintain social harmony, domestic institutions and good governance are regarded as vital factors.Design/methodology/approachDifferential performances of diverse ethnic groups are most influential contributions of social capital and its growth impact. In this framework there is a larger role of aid to provide security to a nation to achieve its development objectives. An evaluation of ethnic diversity and land issues in Fiji is undertaken with concerns of a market economy, policies and governance.FindingsAn examination of the opposing nature of ethnic diversity and land issues in Fiji provides an insight not only of ethnic conflict, but also of the role of aid to solve conflict. A discussion on ethnicity and being equal in the market relates to the reason for equality before identity. The analysis indicates the role foreign aid can play to achieve stability and avoid ethnic conflict for growth in Fiji.Originality/valueThe paper indicates the global issues of inequality and conflict and policy implications for Fiji and the nations facing such problems and aid donors’ role for growth and development.
Toward a template for systematic reference and instruction programme analysis
Authors: Guise Janneka L. 
Published: January 2005

PurposeTo develop a method of systematically analyzing reference and instruction programmes at academic libraries so managers of such services can identify potential areas of change and make more confident recommendations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the library literature and then introduces a template for programme analysis. A case study is used to help illustrate the need for programme analysis, and also to clarify the template.FindingsThe reference and instruction literature on assessment and new service models indicates that academic librarians are struggling to update programming in order to meet the needs of current library patrons. There is no how‐to manual for managers of reference and instruction departments to analyze their services comprehensively and to decide what changes to make. This paper introduces a template that academic librarians could use to systematically analyze their reference and instruction programming with regard to the history of the programmes, internal and external environmental factors that affect the provision of service, and how the current service model compares with others.Practical implicationsThe use of this template will allow academic librarians at any size library to investigate the historical and environmental factors that affect their services, so they can more confidently identify potential areas of change and make documented and supported recommendations to library administration.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils a gap in the literature and offers a guide to programme analysis for managers of reference and instruction departments.
The knowledge‐productive corporate university
Authors: Jansink Femke , Kwakman Kitty , Streumer Jan 
Published: January 2005

PurposeIn this paper the concept of knowledge production is used as a framework to study Dutch corporate universities. Knowledge production serves not simply as a desirable aim of corporate universities, as the concept also offers guidelines for the design of corporate universities. The purpose is to clarify the extent to which corporate universities fulfil this aim of knowledge production and the way they produce new knowledge.Design/methodology/approachFrom different theoretical perspectives 11 design characteristics have been extracted that help corporate universities to be knowledge‐productive. Two empirical studies were carried out to find out to what extent corporate universities meet those features required for knowledge production. The first study implies an exploration of opinions of key actors within 12 Dutch corporate universities, in which data were gathered through interviews and analysis of documents. The second study can be characterised as a case study of a concrete training practice within one corporate university. Data were gathered by interviews, evaluative questionnaires, and observation.FindingsResults reveal that knowledge production is viewed as important, but that concrete measures to stimulate it are often absent. Moreover, corporate universities need to pay more attention to the working environment of their employees in order to achieve their own goals.Originality/valueAnalysing the corporate university from the perspective of knowledge production may stimulate corporate universities to rethink their own goals as well as their position within the organisation.