bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of daily bias-corrected ensemble precipitation estimates over the Upper Indus Basin of the Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalaya
Authors: Jamal Kashif , Li Xin , Chen Yingying , Haider Sajjad , Rizwan Muhammad , Ahmad Shakil 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Accurate precipitation estimates over space and time are critically important, particularly in data-scarce areas, for effective hydrological modeling and efficient regional water resources management. Gridded precipitation datasets are the preeminent alternative in such areas. However, gridded precipitation datasets contain different kinds of uncertainties owing to the retrieval algorithms used in their development. In this study, five precipitation datasets (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), Climate Prediction Centre (CPC), APHRODITE, Climate Hazards Group Infra-Red Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), and PERSIANN) were evaluated, and an ensemble of daily precipitation datasets from 2001 to 2017 at a resolution of 0.05 degree was created based on three ensemble approaches (Bayesian model ensemble, relative bias-based ensemble, and correlation-based ensemble) over the Upper Indus basin. To improve the accuracy of the ensemble dataset, a linear bias correction technique is applied with respect to gauging precipitation. The accuracy of the bias-corrected ensemble dataset was evaluated using statistical and novelty categorical measures. A reasonable agreement was found between the ensemble and gauge precipitation (Pearson correlation 0.83–0.89 and relative bias 1–8.7 mm/month), while large biases were noted in five precipitation datasets (1.7–53.9 mm/month). The study suggests that utilizing ensemble approaches to gridded precipitation can significantly enhance the accuracy of the estimates compared to relying on a single precipitation dataset.
Automation of Drug Discovery through Cutting-edge In-silico Research in
Pharmaceuticals: Challenges and Future Scope
Authors: Singh Smita , Singh Pranjal Kumar , Sachan Kapil , Kumar Mukesh , Bhardwaj Poonam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract::
The rapidity and high-throughput nature of in silico technologies make them advantageous
for predicting the properties of a large array of substances. In silico approaches can be
used for compounds intended for synthesis at the beginning of drug development when there is
either no or very little compound available. In silico approaches can be used for impurities or
degradation products. Quantifying drugs and related substances (RS) with pharmaceutical drug
analysis (PDA) can also improve drug discovery (DD) by providing additional avenues to pursue.
Potential future applications of PDA include combining it with other methods to make insilico
predictions about drugs and RS. One possible outcome of this is a determination of the
drug potential of nontoxic RS. ADME estimation, QSAR research, molecular docking, bioactivity
prediction, and toxicity testing all involve impurity profiling. Before committing to DD, RS
with minimal toxicity can be utilised in silico. The efficacy of molecular docking in getting a
medication to market is still debated despite its refinement and improvement. Biomedical labs
and pharmaceutical companies were hesitant to adopt molecular docking algorithms for drug
screening despite their decades of development and improvement. Despite the widespread use of
"force fields" to represent the energy exerted within and between molecules, it has been impossible
to reliably predict or compute the binding affinities between proteins and potential binding
medications.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-conditioned Medium Protecting Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α and Nuclear Receptor Coactivator-1
Authors: Liao Chunling , Liu Yiping , Lin Yongda , Wang Jiali , Zhou Tianbiao , Weng Wenjuan 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by inflammatory infiltration
and damage and death of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs), in which hypoxia plays an important
role. Deferoxamine (DFO) is a well-accepted chemical hypoxia-mimetic agent. Mesenchymal
stem cell-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) can reduce local inflammation and repair tissue. In this
study, we explored the effect and molecular mechanism of MSC-CM-mediated protection of
RTECs under DFO-induced hypoxia.

Methods:
Rat renal proximal tubule NRK-52E cells were treated with different concentrations of
DFO for 24 hours, followed by evaluation of RTEC injury, using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
to detect cell viability and western blotting to evaluate the expression of transforming growth factor-
beta 1 (TGF-β1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha
(HIF-1α) in NRK-52E cells. Then, three groups of NRK-52E cells were used in experiments, including
normal control (NC), 25 μM DFO, and 25 μM DFO + MSC-CM. MSC-CM was obtained
from the human umbilical cord. MSC-CM was used to culture cells for 12 hours before DFO treatment,
then fresh MSC-CM and 25 μM DFO were added, and cells were cultured for another 24
hours before analysis.

Results:
Western blotting and cellular immunofluorescence staining showed culture of NRK-52E
cells in 25 μM DFO for 24 hours induced HIF-1α and nuclear receptor coactivator-1 (NCoA-1), simulating
hypoxia. MSC-CM could inhibit the DFO-induced up-regulation of α-SMA, TGF-β1,
HIF-1α and NCoA-1.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that MSC-CM has a protective effect on RTECs by down-regulating
HIF-1α and NCoA-1, which may be the harmful factors in renal injury.
Adipose Stem Cells Derived Exosomes Alleviate Bronchopulmonary
Dysplasia and Regulate Autophagy in Neonatal Rats
Authors: Sun Yuanyuan , Chen Cuie , Liu Yuanyuan , Sheng Anqun , Wang Shi , Zhang Xixi , Wang Dan , Wang Qiu , Lu Chaosheng , Lin Zhenlang 
Published: October 2023

Background::
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) therapies have
shown prospects in preclinical models of pathologies relevant to neonatal medicine, such as bronchopulmonary
dysplasia (BPD). Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been recognized as
one of the most promising stem cell sources. Autophagy plays a key role in regulating intracellular
conditions, maintaining cell growth and development, and participating in the pathogenesis of
BPD.

Objectives::
To investigate the potential therapeutic role of ADSC-Exos on BPD and to illustrate
the role of autophagy in this process.

Method::
ADSC-Exos was isolated from media conditioned of ADSCs by ultracentrifugation and
characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA),
and Western blotting (WB). Newborn rats were exposed to hyperoxia (90% O2) from postnatal
day 0 (P0) to P7, and returned to room air until P14 to mimic BPD. ADSC-Exos was treated by intratracheal
or intravenous administration on P4. Treated animals and appropriate controls were
harvested on P7 and P14 for assessment of pulmonary parameters.

Results::
Hyperoxia-exposed rats were presented with pronounced alveolar simplification with decreased
radial alveolar count (RAC) and increased mean linear intercept (MLI), impaired vascular
development with low vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31 expression, and stimulated
inflammation with increased expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and decreased expression
of IL-10. Meanwhile, the rats with hyperoxia exposure blocked autophagic flux with lower
levels of Beclin1, LC3B, LC3BII/I ratio and higher levels of p62. ADSC-Exos administration protected
the neonatal lung tissues from the hyperoxia-induced arrest of alveolar and vascular development,
reduced inflammation, and facilitated autophagy. Intratracheal administration was more
efficacious than intravenous administration

Conclusion::
The intratracheal administration of ADSC-Exos significantly improved alveolarization
and pulmonary vascularization arrest in hyperoxia-induced BPD, which was associated with
facilitating autophagy in part.
Therapeutic and Safety Promise of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Liver Failure: From Preclinical Experiment to Clinical Application
Authors: Xie Qiong , Gu Jundong 
Published: October 2023

:
Liver failure (LF) is serious liver damage caused by multiple factors, resulting in severe
impairment or decompensation of liver synthesis, detoxification, metabolism, and biotransformation.
The general prognosis of LF is poor with high mortality in non-transplant patients. The clinical
treatments for LF are mainly internal medicine comprehensive care, artificial liver support system,
and liver transplantation. However, none of the above treatment strategies can solve the problems of
all liver failure patients and has its own limitations. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of
stem cells with multidirectional differentiation potential and paracrine function, which play an important
role in immune regulation and tissue regeneration. In recent years, MSCs have shown multiple
advantages in the treatment of LF in pre-clinical experiments and clinical trials. In this work, we
reviewed the biological characteristics of MSCs, the possible molecular mechanisms of MSCs in the
treatment of liver failure, animal experiments, and clinical application, and also discussed the existing
problems of MSCs in the treatment of liver failure.
ICEEMDAN-based Combined Wind Power Forecasting
Authors: Wu Zhen Jun , Dong Yuan , He Ping 
Published: October 2023

Background:
With the depletion of fossil energy and the increasingly serious environmental
pollution, the task of developing renewable energy is imminent. As a green and pollutionfree
renewable energy, the penetration of wind energy in the power grid continues to rise.

Objective:
In order to reduce the volatility and randomness of wind power series and increase the
accuracy of wind power prediction, a wind power combination model based on the ICEEMDAN
(improved adaptive noise full set empirical mode decomposition) method is proposed.

Methodology:
First, the complex original wind power data have been decomposed into several
relatively simple subsequences using the ICEEMDAN method. Aiming at the different lengths of
coarse grain time series and data loss in traditional multi-scale entropy, a fine composite multiscale
dispersion entropy is proposed to calculate the entropy value of each decomposition component,
and divide the high- and low-frequency modal components to predict the modal components
of different frequencies; secondly, differential moving autoregressive model (ARIMA) and shortterm
memory neural network (LSTM) are used to establish the prediction models of high- and
low-frequency components, respectively.

Results:
Finally, the prediction results of each component have been superimposed and reconstructed
to obtain the final prediction results. The effectiveness of the combined model is verified
by the actual operation data of a European wind farm.

Conclusion:
As the effectiveness of the combined model is verified by the actual operation data
of a European wind farm, the results have shown that compared to the other four single and combined
forecasting models, the combined model in this paper has higher forecasting accuracy.
Therefore, the model proposed in this article can be used for predicting wind power with significant
fluctuations, which will help to provide support for optimized scheduling and energy storage
configuration of wind farms, thereby reducing costs and increasing income for the power grid and
wind farms.
Cyclodextrin Nanosponges: A Revolutionary Drug Delivery Strategy
Authors: Singh Sonia , Sharma Khushi , Sharma Himanshu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Nanosponges are porous solid cross-linked polymeric nanostructures. This study focuses
on cyclodextrin-based nanosponges. Nanosponges based on cyclodextrin can form interactions with
various lipophilic or hydrophilic compounds. The release of the entrapped molecules can be altered
by altering the structure to obtain either a longer or faster release kinetics. The nanosponges might
increase the aqueous solubility of weakly water-soluble compounds, develop long-lasting delivery
systems, or construct novel drug carriers for nanomedicine. CD-NS (cyclodextrin-based nanosponges)
are evolving as flexible and promising nanomaterials for medication administration, sensing, and
environmental cleanup. CD-NS are three-dimensional porous structures of cyclodextrin molecules
cross-linked by a suitable polymeric network, resulting in a large surface area. This overview covers
CD-NS synthesis methods and applications.
The Problem of State Sovereignty in the Context of Deglobalization
Authors: Burganova I. N. 
Published: October 2023

The relevance of the research topic is due to the inconsistency of globalist and deglobalist trends in the modern world and their influence on the sovereignty of state actors.The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of deglobalization on state sovereignty.Objectives of the study: the study of strengthening the sovereignty of the state at the economic, political and cultural levels.Methodology. In the course of writing the article, the method of system analysis was used to study the problems of sovereign powers of state actors. General scientific research methods were applied in the work. Statistical and regulatory sources were used for the validity of the study.Results. The problems of the phenomenon of state sovereignty at the level of deglobalist tendencies are revealed; the zones in which state sovereignty is being strengthened are identified (trade wars; import substitution policy; isolationist approach; legislative decisions, solving global problems, participation in international organizations).Conclusion. The process of strengthening State sovereignty in the context of the deglobalization of the international community is objective. The expansion of the sovereign powers of the state is associated with an increase in the number of global problems. Challenges and threats of the international community force countries to make collective decisions that limit the State's own national interests. Therefore, state actors are forced to follow the path of isolationism and rejection of communitarian measures in developing solutions to mitigate global risks. At the political level, sovereignty is strengthened at the level of participation in multilateral formats and solving global problems. The strengthening of sovereignty in the economic sphere is determined by the state of the world economy. The presence of a global economic crisis pushes countries to apply the policy of trade wars, protectionism, sanctions mechanism and import substitution. The problem of expanding sovereign powers at the level of the cultural sphere is associated with uncontrolled migration flows. In this case, there is an increase in conflicts along the lines of national identity.
Features of the Functioning of Transport Healthcare in 1945–1950 (Based on the Materials of the South-Eastern Railway)
Authors: Golovin E. А. 
Published: October 2023

The relevance of the stated topic is determined by the social significance of the successful functioning of the system of medical care for citizens to preserve and restore their health. The experience of departmental medical institutions in the previous periods of national history makes it possible to use it rationally in modern conditions along with the services of state and commercial medicine. In scientific terms, the history of the medical and sanitary service of railway transport has not yet been properly developed, as a result of which the study of the declared topic can contribute to the concretization of knowledge about the evolution and problems of the development of domestic healthcare.The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of the post–war restoration of the activities of medical and sanitary institutions of the South-Eastern Railway on the basis of archival documents and periodical press materials.Objectives: to characterize the dynamics of the development of the network of medical and sanitary institutions on the South-Eastern Railway in 1945-1950; to identify the main activities of railway medicine in the period under study; to consider the current problems of the functioning of the industry and ways to solve them.Methodology. The research was based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. To solve the tasks set by the author, the methods of historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, retrospective were used.Results. The study of the main activities of medical and sanitary institutions on railway transport made it possible to present in historical retrospect the features of providing medical care by means of the sectoral healthcare system, which had a certain autonomy and mobility in servicing the entrusted contingent of employees and their family members.Conclusions. During the five post-war years, the transport healthcare system that operated on the South-Eastern Railway restored full efficiency, having managed to improve the material and technical equipment of medical institutions in difficult conditions and strengthen their personnel potential, which positively affected the quality of medical care.
The Use of Alcohol for Chemical and Technical Needs in Excise Russia (1863 – 1896)
Authors: Goryushkina N. E. 
Published: October 2023

Relevance. The article highlights the process of using alcohol for the production of chemical and technical products. The relevance of the study is due to the weak representation of this aspect in the scientific literature, as well as its unconditional significance in the formation of the general concept of the development of the Russian economy.The purpose is to highlight the changes in the use of alcohol for chemical and technical needs that occurred during the period of the excise system in Russia.The objectives of the study are determined by the goal and are to substantiate the development of legislation on the exciseless use of alcohol for chemical and technical needs, to establish the relationship and interdependence of the benefits introduced by the government and the size of the production of relevant products, to assess the success of the measures taken to expand the scope of alcohol.Methodology. The methodological basis of the article is the principles of historicism, consistency, scientific objectivity, supplemented by such special methods as the method of interpretation, the method of content analysis and the statistical method.Results. During the excise period, alcohol began to be used not only as a drink, but also as a main or auxiliary component in the manufacture of chemical and technical products. Excise legislation has changed in this regard. Temporary legal provisions exempting alcohol from excise duty sent to chemical and technical plants were finally summarized in the Law of March 18, 1896. Under his influence, the size of production in Russia increased, which allowed Russian manufacturers to compete with foreigners.Conclusion. The use of alcohol for chemical plants and technical productions in excise Russia looked like a dynamic process. A decisive role in the success was played by government acts that expanded the scope of application of exciseless alcohol.
Old People as a Special Category of Victims Nazi Crimes
Authors: Bakhtin V. V. , Pripadchev A. A. 
Published: October 2023

Relevance. Currently, there is an increased interest in the tragedy of the civilian population in Russian society. This is reflected both in numerous scientific publications and in procedural actions. Belgorod, Voronezh, Oryol regional courts recognized the war crimes of the Nazis and their accomplices as genocide.Purpose: to consider, based on the materials of the Extraordinary State Commission of Federal and Regional Archives, a special category of victims of Nazi crimes – the elderly.Objectives: to determine the criteria of old age, to find out the number of victims of crimes – the elderly in the territories of the Voronezh, Kursk and Oryol regions, to consider various ways of killing the elderly and the elderly.Methodology. The basis of this scientific research is a complex of general dialectical method of scientific cognition, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction and private scientific methods of cognition.Results. The study became an objective proof of the extermination policy of the Nazis and their accomplices on the territory of the regions of the Central Chernozem region. Numerous archival documents confirming that the elderly population and the elderly were one of the mass victims of war crimes are cited.Conclusion. The elderly population and the elderly, due to their psycho-physiological characteristics, due to their inability or limitation to physical labor, were among the first to be destroyed. They were considered by the Nazi leadership as an extra, absolutely unnecessary ballast, which had to be disposed of.
Legal Basis for the Participation of Non-Profit Organizations in the Protection of Copyright and Related Rights
Authors: Barkovskaya L. E. 
Published: October 2023

Relevance. For a long time the civilistic doctrine did not consider the activity on protection of copyright and related rights in the implementation of collective management as an independent one. It was assumed that it can be carried out in particular by organizations for collective management of rights for realization of their function of collecting remuneration for right holders. Along with organizations for collective management of rights there is a significant number of organizations, including those created by authors and other right holders, which can represent interests and protect the rights of authors and other right holders and claim remuneration due to them, but there is currently no legal regulation of their activity to protect copyright and related rights. At the same time, the development of new technologies, the emergence of new ways of using works and objects of related rights, new options for expressing creative results require the expansion of support for authors and other right holders in exercising and protecting their rights.The purpose of the research is to develop theoretical provisions necessary to improve the legal regulation of copyright and related rights protection activities carried out by non-profit organizations.Objectives: to determine the main features of legal regulation of copyright and related rights protection activities carried out by non-profit organizations; to identify problems associated with the implementation of such activities; to develop proposals for further development of legal regulation of the issues under consideration.Methodology. The author used dialectical-materialistic method, systematic method, methods of analysis and synthesis, formal-legal method.The results of the research are of theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of civil legal relations.Conclusions. The conclusions, made in the article, have the debatable character, directed to the continuation of research in the framework of the declared subject, directed to the development of basic principles, allowing a uniform way to solve the problems associated with legal regulation of organizations, implementing and protection of copyright and related rights, including the collective basis.