bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Benefits of Seismic Monitoring for Ground-Shaking Estimation and Loss Assessment
Authors: Silva Vitor , Wald David , Taherian Amir 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Seismic networks are fundamental to compute ground shaking in regions affected by destructive events, which can then be used for damage and loss assessment. Ground-motion data recordings can be used to estimate the event bias (or interevent residual) for one or multiple ground-motion models, as well as to condition the ground-shaking estimation process to reduce the intraevent residuals at sites near seismic stations. We evaluate how the error in the estimation of the event bias and ground shaking for a set of target sites can be reduced by incorporating an increasing number of seismic stations, using recordings from the 1999 M 7.7 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake and a large set of ground-motion fields for Taiwan using stochastic simulations. Then, we evaluate how the incorporation of data from seismic stations in the estimation of several impact metrics (i.e., economic losses, collapsed buildings, and fatalities) can reduce both the bias and the uncertainty, using the district of Lisbon (Portugal) as a case study. The results from this study indicate that the error in the estimation of the impact metrics can be reduced by one order of magnitude if at least 10 stations are considered, especially if the configuration of the seismic network considers the location of vulnerable buildings or the spatial distribution of earthquake risk.
La arena como recurso
Authors: Fernández de Monje June , Colmenero Hidalgo Elena , Cruz Martínez Juncal Altagracia 
Published: January 2025

A partir de mediados del siglo XX, motivado por el aumento exponencial de la población urbana mundial, el consumo de arena y grava para construcción ha experimentado un crecimiento más acelerado y a mayor escala que cualquier otro grupo de recursos. La arena constituye uno de los recursos básicos de lasociedad actual, al ser el principal componente del hormigón con el que se construyen infraestructuras y proyectos de gran envergadura. Sin embargo, es un recurso cada vez más limitado. La extracción descontrolada a nivel mundial pone en evidencia los efectos significativos de su explotación sobre el medio ambiente y la sociedad. Mediante este trabajo se realiza un análisis integral de dicha problemática a través de una revisión de fuentes bibliográficas y se plantean cuatro líneas principales de acciones para paliar el daño ambiental derivado de la explotación de este recurso. La gravedad de los impactos estudiados subraya la urgente necesidad de actuación de los poderes políticos frente a la crisis de escasez de la arena, así como la necesidad de establecer políticas restrictivas para regular su extracción.
Biomarkers of resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in patients with left-sided colorectal cancer: a retrospective NGS analysis
Authors: Lebedeva A. A. , Byakhova M. M. , Pokataev I. A. , Antonova T. G. , Ivanov M. V. , Semenova A. B. , Makiev G. G. , Kravchuk D. A. , Evdokimov V. I , Bolshakova E. A , Stativko O. A. , Feoktistova P. S. , Ignateva M. A. , Grigoreva T.  V. , Kavun A. I. , Belova E. V. , Veselovskii E. M. , Mileyko V. A. , Tryakin A. A. , Fedyanin M. Yu. , Galkin V.  N. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Routine analysis of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF V600 mutations, as well as MSI and HER2 guides treatment selection in colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent findings from the PRESSING and PARADIGM trials have demonstrated that the negative hyperselection of patients based on the results of comprehensive genomic profiling results in better treatment outcomes following anti-EGFR therapy. Study objective: The study aimed to retrospectively analyze the occurrence of alterations associated with potential resistance in samples from CRC patients treated with anti-EGFR therapy.Materials and methods: Patients with confirmed left-sided CRC treated with anti-EGFR therapy due to the lack of RAS / BRAFV600 mutations as per routine PCR were included in the study. FFPE samples were analyzed via NGS (Solo-test Atlas Pro, 38 genes, MSI). Samples determined as RAS / BRAFV600positive by NGS were validated with PCR.Results: A total of 111 samples were analyzed via NGS. A total of 172 alterations in 17 genes were found; alterations in any of the genes covered by the panel were found in 96 (86.5 %) samples. The variant allele frequency ranged 1.3–93.0 %. NGS identified 29 (26.1 %) samples with KRAS (n = 24), NRAS (n = 3) or BRAF p. V600E (n = 4) mutations. Confirmatory PCR testing of 16 RAS / BRAF p. V600E-positive samples resulted in 100 % agreement with NGS. Among RAS / BRAFV600negative samples, 10 (9 %) samples harbored other alterations (ERBB2 amplification, n = 3; PIK3CA, n = 2; MSI, n = 1; BRAF class II mutation, n = 1; ERBB3, n = 1). A total of 11 samples harbored more than 1 alterations associated with potential resistance. BRAF class II / III mutations were found in 4 samples, PIK3CA mutations — in 17 (15.3 %) samples (of those, 5 samples harbored mutations in exon 21).Conclusions: The results of this retrospective analysis demonstrate that a high frequency of false-positive routine PCR results may lead to incorrect indication of anti-EGFR therapy in ~ 26 % cases. Analysis of alterations beyond RAS / BRAFV600 might identify an additional 9 % of patients whose tumors are potentially resistant to anti-EGFR therapy.
Delayed Surgery Increases the Rate of Infection in Closed Diaphyseal Tibial and Femoral Fractures
Authors: Subramanian Aditya , Gomez-Alvarado Francisco , O’Marr Jamieson , Flores Michael , Adejuyigbe Babapelumi , Ali Syed , Rodarte Patricia , Elsevier Hannah , Cortez Abigail , Urva Mayur , Morshed Saam , Shearer David 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Although delays in musculoskeletal care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are well documented in the open fracture literature, the impact of surgical delays on closed fractures is not well understood. This study aimed to assess the impact of surgical delay on the risk of infection in closed long-bone fractures treated with intramedullary nailing in LMICs.

Methods:
Using the SIGN (Surgical Implant Generation Network) Surgical Database, patients ≥16 years of age who were treated with intramedullary nailing for closed diaphyseal femoral and tibial fractures from January 2018 to December 2021 were identified. Infection was diagnosed based on the assessment by the treating surgeon. A logistic regression model, adjusting for potential confounders, was used to analyze the association between delays to surgery (in weeks) and infection.

Results:
Of the 9,477 closed fractures that were included in this study, 58% were femoral fractures and 42% were tibial fractures. The mean age was 35 years, and 76.2% of the patients were men. The mean delay to surgery was 10.5 days, and the median delay to surgery was 6 days. The overall infection rate was 3.1%. The odds of developing an infection increased by 9.2% with each week of delayed surgical treatment (odds ratio,1.092; 95% confidence interval, 1.042 to 1.145). Increasing delays were also associated with longer surgery duration and higher rates of open reduction.

Conclusions:
Surgical delays in LMICs were associated with an increased risk of infection in closed long-bone fractures. This study quantified the increased risk of infection due to delays in receiving care, highlighting the importance of timely surgery for closed fractures in LMICs.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
WITHDRAWN: CT Imaging-based Radiomics Predicts the Therapeutic Efficacy of 89 Sr in Treating Tumor-Induced Bone Metastases
Authors: Fang Danzhou , Fan Yongzeng , Xiao Yaofeng , Xu Zhenchun , Zhou Shunhao , Tian Yan , Shi Feng , Xia Yuwei , Yuan Gengbiao , Xiang XiaoJiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Is the Mandated EV-Ready Policy by the Local Government Truly Electric Vehicle (EV) Ready?
Authors: Lou Jiehong , Gupta Aayushi , Niemeier Deb 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

EV-integrated building codes serve as one of the innovative tools that local government, such as cities and county administrations, can implement to promote electric vehicle (EV) adoption. Despite the importance of this policy, there is less evidence demonstrating its impact. In this study, we analyzed EV registration data from Maryland spanning 1999 to 2024 to evaluate the effectiveness of EV-ready policies in the building sector implemented by local governments on EV adoption. Using a synthetic difference-in-differences design, we found that EV-ready policies resulted in a 0.25 increase in EVs per census block, corresponding to an 8% rise in EV adoption directly attributable to the policy. Moreover, our analysis of the distributional effects of this policy reveals that the benefits are predominantly realized by communities with higher incomes and greater concentrations of single-family dwellings. These findings carry significant policy implications for local governments seeking to foster more equitable EV adoption and contribute to the broader discussion on how to motivate local governments to take more ambitious actions in addressing global climate challenges.
Concurrent diffusion of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and fluorescent cholesterol disclosed by two-colour sub-millisecond MINFLUX-based single-molecule tracking
Authors: Eggeling Christian , Barrantes Francisco , Reina Francesco , Saavedra Lucas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ubiquitous neurotransmitter receptors predominantly located at the cell-surface of neurons and muscle cells. Their dynamics affect synaptogenesis at neurodevelopmental stages and the efficacy of synaptic transmission in the adult synapse. Here we exploit the enhanced capabilities of superresolution fluorescence MINFLUX microscopy to track for minute-long periods with nanometric precision and sub-millisecond time resolution the 2D translational dynamics of the bungarotoxin-labelled adult muscle-type nAChR in tandem with a fluorescent cholesterol analogue. To this end, we implemented a multiplexing procedure in continuous MINFLUX microscopy that enabled the simultaneous excitation of the two molecules using a single wavelength, followed by discrimination of their emissions via differential ratiometric recording. Single-molecule trajectories displayed a heterogeneous spectrum of diffusive behaviours (subdiffusive, Brownian and superdiffusive), with a predominance of the subdiffusive component, which became less pronounced upon cholesterol depletion. nAChRs spent most of their lifetime in confined areas of characteristic size (~ 0.005 µm2) lasting for ~ 100 ms. Further, MINFLUX captured regions where nAChR and fluorescent cholesterol moved jointly, both in confinement sojourns and along the free Brownian walks, which strongly indicated mutual interactions between the receptor macromolecule and the neutral lipid. To the best of our knowledge, this study constitutes the first series of experiments showing the diffusion dynamics of a transmembrane protein -a functionally important neurotransmitter receptor- together with a key membrane lipid in the native plasma membrane of a live cell at such high detail, thanks to the MINFLUX-based recordings.
Atlantic atmospheric rivers and the pulse of deep Mediterranean respiration
Authors: Sierro Francisco , Tarruella Javier , Jimenez-Espejo Francisco , Hodell David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The Mediterranean is a saline sea because it exports moisture to the atmosphere1. Over the last million years, however, the Mediterranean has experienced abrupt declines in salinity that have collapsed the deep thermohaline circulation and caused bottom water anoxia each time the Earth has approached perihelion during the northern hemisphere summer2,3. For decades, this has been attributed to freshwater discharge from the Nile or increased precipitation in the Mediterranean basin2,3. However, the impact of past changes in the atmospheric moisture balance has been little explored. In this study, we show that these low salinity episodes were triggered by a reduced net export of moisture to the atmosphere due to enhanced mid-latitude Atlantic atmospheric water transport, affecting its salinity, deep ventilation and water exchange with the Atlantic. This conclusion is supported by the observation of low surface salinity events in the westernmost Mediterranean coinciding with events of heavy winter precipitation along the Atlantic Iberian Margin, which is the main gateway of moisture into the Mediterranean. These events were triggered by equatorward shifts of the main route of atmospheric rivers during persistent negative phases of the Arctic Oscillation at times of boreal summer insolation maxima.
Advanced Landslide Early Warning System Based on a Semi-supervised Model in Highly Urbanized Areas across China's Greater Bay Area
Authors: Yu Haixia , Jin Yi , He Kunlong , Yu Xuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Landslides are a significant global geological hazard, with adverse and far for human life, the economy and the natural environment on an annual basis worldwide. Accurately estimating the spatial and temporal distribution of landslide probability is crucial for reducing these losses. Nevertheless, existing landslide warning systems may fail to consider the selection of non-landslide samples and the dynamic process of landslides, potentially compromising the accuracy of landslide warning systems. This study explores the impact of different selections of non-landslide samples and satellite rainfall datasets on the early warning model for landslides in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Through Pearson correlation analysis, critical factors associated with landslide occurrences were identified, including elevation, slope, aspect, distance to roads and rivers, soil type, plan curvature, profile curvature, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). In this study, a semi-supervised random forest (SSRF) model incorporating frequency ratios (FR) to evaluate landslide susceptibility in the GBA. The susceptibility and rainfall threshold model were subsequently combined into a dynamic landslide hazard warning system through a matrix approach. The findings revealed that the maximum area under the curve (AUC) value for a landslide to non-landslide ratio of 1:4 is 0.973. The very high susceptibility zone is typically located between 125 and 250 meters away from roads. Moreover, the validation phase yielded successful predictions for 67 out of 96 landslide events, thereby providing effective early warning and a reference point for disaster mitigation and prevention.
Glycan specificities under in vitro and in silico environments and expression of a C-type lectin-HiL from the larvae of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens
Authors: Kannan Sruthi , Sreeram Bhuvaragavan , Kumbalingam Monica , Peroor Mahidev Ayikkara , Sundaram Janarthanan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Lectins, known as haemagglutinins, are multivalent proteins of non-immune origin, that have sugar-binding specificity and play an important role in the immune defense functions of the invertebrates. In the present study, a calcium-dependent sialic acid-specific haemagglutinin was detected and characterized from the haemolymph of the larvae of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens. The haemagglutinin showed the highest titre value of 64 against mouse and rabbit erythrocytes following rat with a titre value of 16. The haemagglutinin was heat-labile, cation-dependent especially calcium, and sensitive to EDTA. Among the carbohydrates tested, N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (NANA) strongly inhibited the haemagglutinating activity of serum against mouse and rabbit erythrocytes with a MIC of 12.5 mM. Among the three glycoproteins tested, only thyroglobulin inhibited the activity against mouse and rabbit erythrocytes with a MIC of 3.90 µg/ml. The relative expression of lectin gene using RT-qPCR based on the primers designed to a specific amplified gene fragment of 709 bp revealed almost its equal expression in fat body, gut and haemocytes. In silico analysis on the sequence of lectin gene showed beta-galactoside binding domains. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies uncovered a strong affinity of H. illucens haemolymph lectin to NANA among various glycans tested.
Establishing a Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) Model with Simplified Surgical Tools: A Resource-Efficient Strategy for Stroke Research
Authors: Nayak Amit R , Husain Aliabbas , Baksh Jawad , Kalorey Dewanand R. , Kurkurey Nitin , Borkar Chandrashekhar D. , Kokare Dadasaheb M. , a Lokendra Singh , Daginawala Hatim F. , Kashyap Rajpal S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a cost-effective middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rats using an intraluminal suture method with a magnifying glass lens, an alternative to a surgical microscope. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent MCAO surgery, and neurological deficits were assessed post-surgery. Neurological scores were significantly higher in MCAO rats (mean score 3.5 ± 0.5) compared to sham-operated controls (mean score 0.5 ± 0.2) (p < 0.001). 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining revealed significant infarction in the ischemic region (mean infarct volume 45.2 ± 5.6%), while no infarct was observed in sham-operated controls (0%). Histopathological analysis confirmed ischemic damage, and immunofluorescence staining showed reduced NeuN (62.4% ± 8.2%) and GFAP (70.3% ± 7.5%) expression in the ischemic cortex compared to sham (p < 0.01). Brain water content was significantly higher in the ischemic hemisphere (82.5% ± 2.1%) compared to the contralateral hemisphere (78.4% ± 1.3%) (p < 0.05). The magnifying glass lens-based technique provided a reliable, cost-effective alternative for MCAO surgery, maintaining high reproducibility. This model can be used for preclinical stroke research, neuroprotective studies, and investigating ischemic pathophysiology, especially in resource-limited settings. Overall, the magnifying glass lens MCAO model proves to be an effective tool for stroke research and translational studies in low-resource environments.
Coupling of Geodesic Acoustic Modes and Resonant Magnetic Perturbations in Fusion Plasmas
Authors: Li Jingchun , Lu Zhaoyang , Xu Jianqiang , Lin Z. , Lin Xiaodong , Luo Jingting , Liu Yong , Xiao C. J. , Dong Jiaqi , Shi Zhongbing , Zhong Wulyu ,   HL-2A team
Published: January 2025

Abstract

An analysis of the statistical spectral characteristics of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs), geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs), and their nonlinear coupling with ambient turbulence in the edge region of the HL-2A tokamak has been performed. Experimental observations reveal that RMPs significantly affect low-frequency fluctuations and large-scale turbulence. We present the first direct evidence that increasing RMP current weakens the coupling between GAMs and other frequency modes. Specifically, the amplitude of GAMs decreases as the RMP current increases, with larger RMP currents leading to a more pronounced suppression of GAMs. Moreover, the radial correlation length of turbulence is found to strongly correlate with the increase in RMP current and the reduction of zonal flows. Advanced causal analysis further demonstrates that the radial magnetic field (Br) and poloidal flows (Ẽr) exhibit a distinct modulation at a frequency consistent with GAMs, with a phase shift of π, which is modulated by RMP perturbations. These results provide new insights into the impact of RMPs on edge transport, highlighting the dominant role of the interaction between RMP-induced magnetic perturbations, GAMs, and ambient microturbulence in governing edge plasma behavior.
Pericytes are organ-specific regulators of tissue morphogenesis
Authors: Adams Ralf , Rasouli Seyed Javad , Kruse Kai , Diéguez-Hurtado Rodrigo , Ghanbari Parisa , Aravamudhan Anusha , Pitulescu Mara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Blood vessels provide a versatile and adaptable transport system, but recent work has established that endothelial cells, which form the innermost lining of the vascular network, are also a source of molecular signals controlling the behavior of other cell types in the surrounding tissue. Pericytes are another essential component of the vessel wall, but comparably little is known about their signaling interactions with other cell populations during organ growth and patterning. Here, we have used tissue-specific and inducible mouse genetics, high-resolution imaging, single-cell RNA sequencing and cell culture experiments to address the function of three pericyte-derived growth factors in the postnatal development of two model organs, namely lung and brain. We found that Pdgfrb-CreERT2-controlled inactivation of the gene for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) causes no overt alterations in the postnatal brain but impairs alveologenesis in the lung due to defective interaction with AT2 epithelial cells. Likewise, expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by pericytes is not required in the postnatal brain but controls lung development through interactions with the receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB in the pulmonary endothelium. Conversely, pericyte expression of the TGFβ family growth factor Nodal is not required for lung morphogenesis but regulates blood vessel growth and barrier function in the postnatal brain, which we attribute to signaling interactions with endothelial cells, astrocytes and microglia. Taken together, our findings establish that pericytes are a critical source of angiocrine signals that control morphogenetic processes in an organ-specific fashion.
Research on Brazilian Splitting Mechanics and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Various Types of Sandstones in Shendong Mining Area
Authors: Yang Zhiliang , Yue Songpeng , Yang donghui , zhang cun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In order to investigate the tensile mechanical properties of various sandstones in the Shendong mining area, real-time acoustic emission (AE) monitoring of Brazilian fracturing was conducted. Through AE monitoring tests, the tensile strength, fracture toughness, peak energy rate, failure mode, as well as the characteristics of AE and the evolution of damage variables were analyzed during the splitting process. The research results show that the average tensile strength of argillaceous siltstone, calc-argillaceous siltstone, argillaceous fine sandstone, calc-argillaceous sandstone, and calcareous coarse sandstone are 5.72, 6.92, 2.71, 1.39, and 13.20 MPa, respectively. The average fracture toughness are 1.11, 1.00, 0.71, 0.38, and 0.81 MPa. m1/2, and the average peak energy efficiency are 1577.8, 2099.0, 1313.0, 233.5, and 4125.8 J.m-2, respectively. The failure modes of various types of sandstones can be categorized as linear (argillaceous siltstone, argillaceous fine sandstone), arc-shaped (cal-argillaceous siltstone, calc-argillaceous coarse sandstone), and "川"-shaped (calcareous coarse sandstone).In the case of siltstone, the AR values for acoustic emission are evenly distributed, resulting in a linear growth pattern in the overall damage curve. For argillaceous fine sandstone and cal-argillaceous coarse sandstone, the AR value distribution is dense, leading to an S-shaped growth in the overall damage curve. In contrast, the AR value distribution for calcareous coarse sandstone is sparse, resulting in an L-shaped growth in the overall damage curve.