bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rewarding mobility? Towards a realistic European policy agenda for academics at risk
Authors: Gusejnova Dina , Dragolea Alina , Pető Andrea , Terteleac Andrei-Vlăduț , Photiadou Artemis , Bakos Rebeka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article maps from a critical and comparative perspective how scholars at risk are currently being integrated into the European research infrastructure, as well as in various EU and non-EU Member States. The focus is on three countries ranging from older to newer EU members to one non-EU member state—Hungary, Romania and the United Kingdom—as well as on EU-level organisations. We draw on twelve in-depth interviews conducted with key stakeholders involved in the process of academic migration (non-governmental organisations, EU and national level actors) to identify key issues concerning academics at risk. Finally, we call for a robust EU-level response to an issue that is currently inadequately addressed by national governments, professional associations and NGOs. As we argue, the focus on mobility as a factor supporting research excellence in the regular European research infrastructure can have negative unintended outcomes for scholars at risk. For many of them, rewarding mobility can entail the threat of losing their legal status in temporary places of migration. What is needed is a nuanced approach for scholars at risk in a diverse range of situations, which should involve closer cooperation between international academic bodies and EU policy makers, and complement support for those who need to escape to third countries with the offer of remote work in the country where they are able to obtain a secure residence permit.
Community-based intervention for managing hypertension and diabetes in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Kobashi Yurie , Haque Syed Emdadul , Sakisaka Kayako , Amir Isamu , Kaneko Megumi , Mutahara Mahmuda , Mubassara Sanzida , Kashem Abul , Tsubokura Masaharu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 80% of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been reported in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, studies on the usefulness of educational interventions run by non-healthcare workers in combating NCDs in resource-limited areas in rural parts of LMICs are limited. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of a community-based simple educational program run by non-healthcare trained staff for several outcomes associated with NCDs in a resource-limited area.MethodsSix villages in the Narail district in Bangladesh were selected, two each in the first and second intervention and the control groups, in the Narail district in Bangladesh were selected. Pre- and post-intervention survey data were collected. The first intervention group received the “strong” educational intervention that included a checklist poster on the wall, phone call messages, personalized advice papers, seminar videos, and face-to-face seminars. The second intervention group received a “weak” intervention that included only a checklist poster on the wall in their house. The outcome was the proportion of NCDs and changes in systolic blood pressure and blood sugar level. Confidential fixed-effects logistic regression and multiple linear regression were performed to identify the effectiveness of the intervention.ResultsOverall, 600 participants completed the baseline survey and the follow-up survey. The mean systolic blood pressure reduced by 7.3 mm Hg (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.6–9.9) in the first intervention group, 1.9 mm Hg (95% CI − 0.5–4.2) in the second intervention group, and 4.7 mm Hg (95% CI 2.4–7.0) in the control group. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the between-group differences in the decline in systolic blood pressure were significant for the first intervention versus control (p = 0.001), but not for the second intervention versus control (p = 0.21). The between-group differences in the reduction in blood glucose after the intervention, were not significant on multiple linear regression analysis.ConclusionsCommunity-based educational interventions for NCDs provided by non-healthcare staff improved the outcomes of hypertension and risk behaviors. Well-designed community-based educational interventions should be frequently implemented to reduce NCDs in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries.Trial registrationUMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR; UMIN000050171) retrospectively registered on January 29, 2023.
Cases of fatal electrocution due to contact between carbon fibre fishing rods and overhead power lines
Authors: Rzepczyk Szymon , Świderski Paweł , Obst Maciej , Rusek Damian , Bożek Beata , Żaba Zbigniew , Żaba Czesław 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Electrocution caused by electricity conducted via overhead power lines carries a high risk to health and life. With the introduction and proliferation of conductive carbon fibre fishing tackle, severe and fatal electrocution occurs due to accidental contact with overhead transmission lines.

Case presentation
The paper presents three cases of men who died due to electrocution from a conductive fishing rod, which occurred in the same fishery over several years. The deaths occurred on the spot in two cases despite rapid rescue efforts. One of the men died in the hospital the following day due to developing severe complications. Additionally, all of the victims were under the influence of alcohol at the time of the incident. During postmortem diagnosis, skin lesions were identified as signs of electric shock on the hands and feet in each case. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no similar case series available in the literature where several almost identical fatal electrocutions occurred in the same place as a result of contact of a fishing rod with overhead power lines.

Conclusions
Action is needed to avoid similar incidents and to increase safety in the vicinity of power lines.
In silico analysis of mutation spectrum of Ehlers–Danlos, osteogenesis imperfecta, and cutis laxa overlapping phenotypes in Iranian population
Authors: Khosravi Teymoor , Naghipoor Karim , Vaghefi Fatemeh , Falahati Ali Mohammad , Oladnabi Morteza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundEhlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS), osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), and cutis laxa (CL) are three rare and heterogeneous connective tissue disorders. Patients with these syndromes have similar manifestations and unpredictable prognosis, making a misdiagnosis highly probable. Some of their subtypes are inherited in autosomal recessive patterns, so they are expected to be prevalent in populations like Iran, where consanguineous marriages are common. In the current work, a cohort of Iranian patients with overlapping phenotypes of the EDS/OI/CL and their mutation spectrum was defined. Based on this, in silico analysis was conducted to anticipate further probable genetic variations. Pathogenicity of EDS, OI, and CL variants in Iranian patients was evaluated using Web servers. A protein interaction network was created by String database and visualized using a Python-based library. The Iranome database was used to predict other genetic mutations in all reported genes of EDS, OI, and CL syndromes.ResultsIn the EDS/OI/CL overlap phenotype, 32 variants in 18 genes have been involved. At least 59% of patients were from families with consanguineous marriages. Interaction analysis showed thatCOL1A1,COL1A2,CRTAP,LEPRE1,PLOD1, andADAMTS2have the most significant impact within the protein network of EDS/OI/CL overlap phenotype. Analyzing the Iranome database revealed 46 variants of EDS, OI, and CL genes potentially disease causing.ConclusionThe overlapping phenotype of EDS, OI, and CL syndromes requires genetic testing (e.g., whole-exome sequencing) to reveal respective variants, which helps to diagnose more accurately and manage the disease more effectively. Particularly in populations with high rates of consanguineous marriages, such as Iran, genetic screening plays a crucial role in premarital and prenatal counseling to prevent the transmission of these rare connective tissue disorders.
Evaluation of service-user and clinician feedback of ‘Beth’: a new digital tool in South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
Authors: Ragupathy D. , Arroyo B. , Gillett G. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Conventional healthcare records are generally inaccessible to service-users. ‘Beth’ is a digital tool in South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust which allows service-users to self-monitor symptoms, set therapeutic goals, access aspects of clinical records and communicate with care teams.

Objectives
To explore service-user and clinician perspectives of Beth, and to understand how Beth might impact clinical care.

Methods
Service-user and clinician users completed an online questionnaire. Likert-scale and free-text response questions covered user experience, impact on clinical care and suggested improvements. N=26 service-users and 43 clinicians completed the questionnaire. Quantitative and qualitative analyses are presented.

Results
Service-users reported the most useful features were tracking sleep and mood, messaging their care team, logging coping strategies and viewing care plans, goals and upcoming appointments. A majority reported Beth improved clinical assessments and they would recommend it to others. Barriers to using Beth included navigational difficulties, lack of access to internet or hardware, needing to register for an account and forgetting to use it. Clinicians reported booking appointments, messaging service-users, sharing care plans and accessing mood diaries were the most useful features. However, many clinicians did not use Beth regularly. Barriers included difficulties using Beth, finding it time-consuming and reportedly poor service-user adherence.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight potential benefits of digital tools in mental health care, alongside numerous barriers and suggested improvements. Limitations include a small sample size and lack of objective user data. Future work may involve qualitative interviews, analysis of objective usage data and trialing improvements in service design.

Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
Non-equilibrium phase transitions in active rank diffusions
Authors: Touzo L. , Le Doussal P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We consider N run-and-tumble particles in one dimension interacting via a linear 1D Coulomb potential, an active version of the rank diffusion problem. It was solved previously for N = 2 leading to a stationary bound state in the attractive case. Here the evolution of the density fields is obtained in the large-N limit in terms of two coupled Burger's type equations. In the attractive case the exact stationary solution describes a non-trivial N-particle bound state, which exhibits transitions between a phase where the density is smooth with infinite support, a phase where the density has finite support and exhibits “shocks”, i.e., clusters of particles, at the edges, and a fully clustered phase. In the presence of an additional linear potential, the phase diagram, obtained for either sign of the interaction, is even richer, with additional partially expanding phases, with or without shocks. Finally, a general self-consistent method is introduced to treat more general interactions. The predictions are tested through extensive numerical simulations.
Experience of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia in adults: Twelve case series from a tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Na Ji Eun , Kim Ji Eun , Park Sujin , Kim Eun Ran , Hong Sung Noh , Kim Young-Ho , Chang Dong Kyung 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
While primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is considered a rare condition, there have been several reported cases in adults. Nevertheless, the absence of clear guidance from diagnosis to treatment and prognosis poses challenges for both physicians and patients.
AIM
To enhance understanding by investigating clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and prognoses in adult PIL cases.
METHODS
We enrolled adult patients diagnosed with PIL between March 2016 and September 2021. The primary outcome involved examining the diagnosis and treatment process of these patients. The secondary outcomes included identifying complications (infections, thromboembolism) and assessing prognoses (frequency of hospitalization and mortality) during the follow-up period.
RESULTS
Among the 12 included patients, peripheral edema (100%) and diarrhea (75%) were the main presenting complaints. Laboratory tests showed that all the patients exhibited symptoms of hypoalbuminemia and hypogammaglobulinemia. Radiologically, the predominant findings were edema of the small intestine (67%) and ascites (58%). The typical endoscopic finding with a snowflake appearance was observed in 75% of patients. Among the 12 patients, two responded positively to octreotide and sirolimus, and eight who could undergo maintenance therapy discontinued subsequently. Complications due to PIL led to infection in half of the patients, thromboembolism in three patients, and one death.
CONCLUSION
PIL can be diagnosed in adults across various age groups, with different severity and treatment responses among patients, leading to diverse complications and prognoses. Consequently, tailored treatments will be necessary. We anticipate that our findings will contribute to the management of PIL, an etiology of protein-losing enteropathy.
Perceived stress among staff in Saudi Arabian dental colleges before and after an accreditation process: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shaiban Amal S 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Accreditation processes are extensively employed to guarantee the quality of higher education institutions. However, this process can potentially generate a stressful atmosphere for staff, thus impacting their ability to perform optimally under pressure.
AIM
To examine the knowledge of the National Commission for Academic Assessment and Accreditation (NCAAA) and its effects on perceived stress among dental college staff before and after the program accreditation process.
METHODS
The present cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included 300 employees from three dental colleges. The same employees had to fill out the questionnaire 1 mo after the NCAAA process.
RESULTS
Approximately 51.33% of the included employees believed that NCAAA is essential to attract quality students to join the program before and after the program. A total of 44.67% felt that their stress was high before, and 31.33% had low stress levels before and after NCAAA. These findings were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05).
CONCLUSION
NCAAA raised the prestige of the institution and specific programmes and increased prospects to attract better students, staff, and money, according to the employees. In addition to their needed teaching, research, and other service responsibilities, this work requires a tremendous amount of faculty effort and may cause them stress.
Projected health and economic effects of the increase in childhood obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: The potential cost of inaction
Authors: Ochoa-Moreno Iván , Taheem Ravita , Woods-Townsend Kathryn , Chase Debbie , Godfrey Keith M. , Modi Neena , Hanson Mark 
Published: January 2024

Background
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in young children rose sharply during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we estimate the potential future health and economic effects of these trends in England.

Methods
Using publicly available annual Body Mass Index (BMI) data from 2006–2022, we calculated the increase in overweight/obesity prevalence (BMI ≥85th reference percentile) during the COVID-19 pandemic among children aged 4–5 and 10–11, and variation by deprivation and ethnicity. We projected the impact of child BMI trends on adult health measures to estimate added lifelong medical and social costs.

Results
During 2020–2021 there were steep increases in overweight and obesity prevalence in children. By 2022, overweight and obesity prevalence in children aged 4–5 returned to expected levels based on pre-pandemic trends. However, overweight and obesity prevalence in children aged 10–11 persisted and was 4 percentage points (p<0.001) higher than expected, representing almost 56,000 additional children. The increase was twice as high in the most compared with the least deprived areas. The additional lifelong healthcare cost in this cohort will amount to £800 million with a cost to society of £8.7 billion. We did not find an increase in maternal obesity associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, however, prevalence grew faster in the post pandemic period.

Discussion
The return of overweight and obesity prevalence to pre-pandemic trends in children aged 4–5 provides a clear policy target for effective intervention to tackle this growing and serious population health concern.
Quotient spaces of K3 surfaces by non-symplectic involutions fixing a curve of genus 8 or more
Authors: Hayashi Taro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Let X be a K3 surface and let g be a non-symplectic involution of X such that the fixed points set contains a curve of genus 8 or more. In this paper, we show that the quotient space X/〈g〉 is determined by the fixed points set and the action of g on rational curves on X.
New sextics of genus 6 and 10 attaining the Serre bound
Authors: Iezzi Annamaria , Kawakita Motoko Qiu , Timpanella Marco 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We provide new examples of curves of genus 6 or 10 attaining the Serre bound. They all belong to the family of sextics introduced in [19] as a generalization of Wiman’s sextics [38] and Edge’s sextics [9]. Our approach is based on a theorem by Kani and Rosen which allows, under certain assumptions, to fully decompose the Jacobian of the curve. With our investigation we are able to update several entries in the table www.manypoints.org, see [37].
Screening of different growth conditions of Bacillus subtilis isolated from membrane-less microbial fuel cell toward antimicrobial activity profiling
Authors: Sreedharan Dharni Kuhan , Alias Hartini , Makhtar Muaz Mohd Zaini , Shun Tan Joo , Mokhtar Ana Masara Ahmad , Shukor Hafiza , Siddiqui Masoom Raza , Alam Mahboob , Kapoor Riti Thapar , Rafatullah Mohd 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bacteriocins produced by Bacillus subtilis have gained recognition for their safe use in humans. In this study, we aimed to assess the inhibitory activity of an antimicrobial peptide synthesized by the wild-type strain of B. subtilis against the notorious pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our investigation employed the broth microdilution method to evaluate the inhibitory potential of this peptide. Among the four different pathogen strains tested, P. aeruginosa exhibited the highest susceptibility, with an inhibition rate of 29.62%. In parallel, we explored the cultivation conditions of B. subtilis, recognizing the potential of this versatile bacterium for applications beyond antimicrobial production. The highest inhibitory activity was achieved at pH 8, with an inhibition rate of 20.18%, indicating the potential for optimizing pH conditions for enhanced antimicrobial peptide production. For the kinetics of peptide production, the study explored different incubation periods and agitation levels. Remarkably, the highest activity of B. subtilis was observed at 24 h of incubation, with an inhibition rate of 44.93%. Finally, the study focused on the isolation of the antimicrobial peptide from the cell-free supernatant of B. subtilis using ammonium sulfate precipitation at various concentrations. The highest recorded activity was an impressive 89.72% achieved at an 80% concentration.
Examining L2 studentsʼ development of global cohesion and its relationship with their argumentative essay quality
Authors: Zhang Jianhua , Zhang Lawrence Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cohesion is vital for connecting messages in writing, but there has been a dearth of studies focusing on the development of cohesion. Taking a Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) perspective, this longitudinal case study investigated the development of L2 learnersʼ use of global cohesion and its relationship with their argumentative writing quality over an academic year. Four English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) learners at a university in Western China were invited to participate in this study and requested to write 31 argumentative essays each over an academic year from March 2019 to January 2020. The resampling and Monte Carlo simulations were utilized to examine the characteristics demonstrated in the development path of and the interaction between global cohesion devices as well as the relationship between global cohesion and the text quality of argumentative essays. Statistical results showed inter- and intra-individual variability in the learnersʼ development of global cohesion devices and their interactions, as well as the relationship between global cohesion and L2 writing quality. The findings suggest that the studentsʼ development of global cohesion in argumentative writing is a slow process and necessitates teaching interventions.
Units, zero-divisors and idempotents in rings graded by torsion-free groups
Authors: Öinert Johan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The three famous problems concerning units, zero-divisors and idempotents in group rings of torsion-free groups, commonly attributed to Kaplansky, have been around for more than 60 years and still remain open in characteristic zero.
In this article, we introduce the corresponding problems in the considerably more general context of arbitrary rings graded by torsion-free groups.
For natural reasons, we will restrict our attention to rings without non-trivial homogeneous zero-divisors with respect to the given grading.
We provide a partial solution to the extended problems by solving them for rings graded by unique product groups.
We also show that the extended problems exhibit the same (potential) hierarchy as the classical problems for group rings.
Furthermore, a ring which is graded by an arbitrary torsion-free group is shown to be indecomposable, and to have no non-trivial central zero-divisor and no non-homogeneous central unit.
We also present generalizations of the classical group ring conjectures.
Crystal structure of 2-bromo-1-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-9H-xanthen-9-one, C18H15BrO4
Authors: Mzozoyana Vuyisa , Zamisa Sizwe J. , van Heerden Fanie R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
C18H15BrO4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.616(2) Å, b = 14.657(2) Å, c = 7.3864(12) Å, β = 103.627(7)°, V = 1537.8(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0315, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0935, T = 100 K.
The crystal structure of N1,N3-bis(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)\ propanediamide hydrate, C25H26N6O4, 2(H2O)
Authors: Smith Mark G. , Lemmerer Andreas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
C25H26N6O4, 2(H2O), triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.8423(6) Å, b = 11.2923(7) Å, c = 13.3810(8) Å, α = 69.053(3)°, β = 73.926(4)°, γ = 68.979(3)°, V = 1277.49(14) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0757, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.2364, T = 173 K.