bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visceral leishmaniasis (Kalazar) and the immune system disorder, in children at Al Muthanna, Governorate.
Authors: Abass Abid Fadil , Maroof Middib Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Thirty five patients aged between 7 months-17 years were all positive for Leishmania tropica parasite, using Bios Company test kit called ''Kalazar Detect Rapid Test" . Blood cell counts for leukocytes were 4 x103, lymphocytes where, neutrophils were and platelets. the cell count were done using Sysmex model KX-21 cell count,Japan(Sysmex Corporation). Using 12 micro liters blood taken from the patient and using glass slide inserted in pocket in the system. Five patients were spleenactomyzed
The Effect Of Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation On Iron Status In Infertile Women
Authors: Raheem Al-Katib Sami , Shaker Al-Kazali Basima , Yahya Al-Muhanna Manal 
Published: January 2024

Non randomized clinical trial study done in the fertility center at AL-Sadder teaching hospital in AL-Najaf city from the period of February 2012 to August 2012.This study included 40 ICSI cycle to determine the effect of the controlled ovarian hyper stimulation (COHS) on iron status ( serum iron and serum ferritin ). The protocol used was short protocol. The results showed significant decrease(p< 0.05) in serum ferritin after (COHS).
Computer-aided analysis for quantitative assessment of FoxA1 to estimate pancreatic subpopulation, oxidative phosphorylation, & morphogenesis in late pregnancy of mice
Authors: R. AL-Salihi Anam , F. AL-Habib May , Finjan Taher Maher 
Published: January 2024

In pregnancy Peripheral, insulin resistance generating environment requires higher production of insulin, so the islets of langerhans undergo major structural & functional changes. The present study was designed to analyse and compare the immunohistochemical staining of FoxA1 transcription factor in islets of langerhans (Beta-cells mainly) and capillary vessels of islets in non-pregnant & pregnant state, in order to contribute a knowledge about a possible alteration throughout the life span directed to better understanding of the pancreatic metabolism, & findings can be applied to cell-based therapies to treat diabetics. The pancreas specimens taken from sixty mature female mice, thirty for each group. They divided in to Group (A): Served as control (non-pregnant), Group (B): Pregnant group (at day 17th, 18th, 19th of pregnancy). Tissues processed for paraffin block, sections stained with: Haematoxylin and eosin stain (to demonstrate the general histological and morphological changes that took place). Immunohistochemical stain (to compare the positivity of immunostaining of FoxA1 in beta cells & capillary vessels of islets in non-pregnant & pregnant groups). Two digital image analysing softwares used in this study: Image Scope program (for quantification of immunostaining of FoxA1 in beta cells & capillary vessel, nucleus & cytoplasm at the same time). ImageJ program (for quantification of immunostaining of FoxA1 in beta cells & capillary vessel, nucleus & cytoplasm in a separate manner). Result of the histological examination of the present study demonstrated that the increment in number and size of islets of langerhans were the main features observed during pregnancy and this increment caused by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the islets. Also showed the number and size of blood vessels increase in pregnant groups. Result of the immunohistochemical examination of this study showed increase of immunostaining positivity of FoxA1 in beta cells & capillary vessels of islets of langerhans in pregnant group than non-pregnant. This study conclude that the FoxA1 is affected by insulin-resistant state of pregnancy, this open the question about the role of this factor in the origin of newly formed islets of langerhans (mainly beta cells) in pregnant group.
ANALISIS GOAL ZONES-PLAY POSITIONS PADA PERTANDINGAN POLO AIR PUTERI PON XX 2021
Authors: Jajang Dede Mulyani  , Aisyah Apriliciciliana Aryani  , Arfin Deri Listiandi  
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persentase tembakan yang masuk dilihat dari area tembakan ketika posisi menyerang pada pertandingan polo air puteri tingkat multievent nasional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian historical research, pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melihat rekaman video pertandingan polo air puteri pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional (PON) XX Papua tahun 2021 sebanyak enam pertandingan. Variabel penelitian mengadopsi dari penelitian (Canossa & Fernandes, 2020), yaitu tembakan yang masuk ke gawang pada sembilan area yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh tembakan masuk ketika posisi menyerang dengan persentase yang bervariatif, terdapat lima area dengan persentase diatas 10%, tiga area dibawah 10%, dan satu area dibawah 5%, persentase terendah terjadi pada area sebelah kanan (area 9) dikarenakan ketika pemain berada di area sebelah kanan pemain memiliki sudut tembakan yang lebih kecil dibanding dengan area yang berada di tengah atau di sebelah kiri gawang. Persentase tertinggi terjadi pada area tengah (area 3) dikarenakan pada posisi ini, pemain memiliki sudut tembakan yang luas.
TINGKAT KEBUGARAN JASMANI, KETERAMPILAN DRIBBLING DAN SHOOTING SEPAKBOLA PESERTA EKSTRAKURIKULER SEPAKBOLA MTs MIFATAHULHUDA KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Moh. Rizki Al Azizi  , Siti Nurrochmah  
Published: January 2024

Dalam melaksanakan kegiatan apapun seperti kegiatan olahraga dibutuhkan keadaan tubuh yang bugar. Bila seseorang mempunyai tubuh yang bugar, maka orang tersebut mampu melakukan kegiatan dengan baik dan memperoleh hasil yang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis tingkat kebugaran jasmani dan keterampilan Dribbling dan Shooting sepakbola pada peserta ekstrakurikuler sepakbola di MTs NU MiftahulHuda Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian menggunakan metode observasi dan teknik purposive random sampling dipilih untuk pengambilan sampel dengan porsi 95% dari 67 orang, sehingga sampel berjumlah 64.orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik pengukuran bentuk tes dengan instrument yang digunakan bentuk tes berupa tes kebugaran jasmani dan tes keterampilan mendribel dan shooting sepakbola. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan belum seluruhnya yang diteliti berada dalam kondisi kriteria baik. Simpulan tingkat kebugaran jasmani peserta kegiatan ekstrakurikuler sepakbola berada pada tingkat kurang dan keterampilan teknik dasar menggiring bola pada kriteria baik dan menembak bola ke sasaran pada kriteria kurang baik.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PJOK PADA MATERI KEBUGARAN JASMANI MELALUI SPORT DRAGON LADDER
Authors: Yuniar Anggraini  , Abdul Rachman Syam Tuasikal  , Irmantara Subagio  
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji media pembelajaran Sport Dragon Ladder yang meliputi (1) memberikan kontribusi aplikatif yang menarik bagi siswa dalam pembelajaran PJOK (2) meningkatkan intensitas aktivitas fisik siswa dalam pembelajaran PJOK. Model penelitian digunakan Research and Development dengan menggunakan ADDIE sebagai model penelitian pengembangan. Uji coba kelompok kecil dilakukan pada kelas VII SMPN 1 Krian dengan jumlah siswa 35 orang. Sedangkan untuk uji coba kelompok besar dilakukan pada kelas VII SMPN 1 Krian dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 100 orang. Instrumen penelitian, antara lain: instrumen ahli materi, instrumen ahli media, instrumen kelayakan untuk guru PJOK, dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan skala 1-5 menggunakan skala likert. Pengujian kelompok kecil aspek tampilan skor 61,9, kemudian aspek materi dan isi mendapatkan skor 69,8 dan aspek kebermanfaatan mendapatkan skor 61,3. Pengujian kelompok besar terkait aspek kualitas tampilan skor 62,6, aspek materi dan isi mendapatkan nilai 68,2 dan aspek kebermanfaatan mendapatkan skor 59,1. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa ketiga aspek diatas masuk ke dalam kategori sangat baik. Kesimpulan bahwa media pembelajaran sport dragon ladder memberikan kontribusi aplikatif yang menarik bagi siswa dan meningkatkan intensitasi fisik siswa dalam pelajaran PJOK.
Variables socioeconómicas e institucionales implicadas en la deserción escolar de estudiantes de Geografía: un análisis desde las trayectorias escolares.
Authors: Pérez Alcántara Bonifacio Doroteo , Reyes-Torres Carlos , Onofre-Flores Irving , Robles-Beltrán Bladimir 
Published: January 2024

Un problema que caracteriza a la Licenciatura en Geografía de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), es que un buen número de los alumnos que ingresan abandonan la carrera, por lo que un vínculo que identificamos necesario conocer es la relación ingreso-deserción, además de indagar las percepciones, intereses y expectativas de los desertores, atender el terreno de su Trayectoria escolar (TE). La deserción escolar forma parte de un proceso el cual presenta una problemática multifactorial y dinámica, lejos de ser un problema local, es una temática en el ámbito mundial y su estudio se ha abordado desde diferentes perspectivas.
El estudio incorpora elementos cuantitativos y cualitativos, los procedimientos elegidos para su desarrollo son la encuesta, entrevista y el análisis documental. Uno de los principales resultados fue la obtención de una tipología de las TE. De acuerdo con los comportamientos académicos de los educandos se obtuvieron 6 categorías para los no desertores y 3 para los desertores. Estas categorías constituyen la base para caracterización de los estudiantes de acuerdo con los indicadores y variables empleadas.

Como parte de las conclusiones se plantea que para aproximarnos al conocimiento de los procesos tan diversos y complejos que involucran al desempeño de los estudiantes, es necesario identificar los factores o aspectos de la realidad personal, familiar e institucional que influyen en la deserción como parte de las TE. Se concluye que las diferencias entre las TE de los desertores en cuanto a motivos, circunstancias y momentos por y en los que abandonan la carrera, dan cuenta de la necesidad de realizar acciones que además de fortalecer la esfera motivacional, propicien la integración académica y social de los alumnos, la cual está relacionada tanto con su desempeño académico, como con la decisión de permanecer o abandonar los estudios.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KURIKULUM NEGARA INDONESIA DENGAN NEGARA LAIN
Authors: Rohyadi Edi , Pertiwi Gadis Niyanti , Dewi Ratna Sari 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana devinisi kurikulum di dunia serta model-model kurikulum apa saja yang digunakan dan mengetahui proses penerapan kurikulum yang ada pada Negara Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, Korea Selatan, Jepang, Amerika dan Finlandia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah bibliografi, data yang dikumpulkan dalam studi ini adalah dua jenis data yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data diperoleh dari riset kepustakaan (library research). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti ini adalah studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik analisa kualitatif dengan cara deduktif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa kurikulum di dunia sangat berperan penting dalam mengembangkan dan memperbaiki pendidikan dengan selalu mengupayakan proses dan hasil yang terbaik untuk kemajuan Pendidikan di dunia. Kebermanfaatan setiap model-model yang ada disetiap negara-negara membuat setiap negara memiliki keunggulan dan ciri khas dalam mengelola Pendidikan di negara nya masing-masing. suasana kurikulum belajar akan memepengaruhi peroses belajar dan hasil belajar peserta didik, Dampak dari hasil penelitian yaitu rekomendasi untuk guru agar konsisten dan meningkatkan kualitas dan konsistensi dalam menerapkan kurikulum yang ada disetiap negara.
Les mesures de température à Paris de novembre 1756 à août 1792
Authors: Rousseau Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Le Journal de Médecine a publié de 1756 à 1791 des mesures de température relevées trois fois par jour à Paris. Ces mesures réalisées dans Paris par différents observateurs ont été contrôlées, éventuellement corrigées et complétées, pour réaliser une série complète des moyennes journalières de température converties en degrés Celsius. Ces mesures ont été comparées à celles réalisées par Duhamel du Monceau de 1756 à 1780. Le Journal de Paris a aussi publié de 1776 à 1792 des mesures de température qui ont permis la réalisation d'une série complète de moyennes journalières converties en degrés Celsius et une comparaison avec celle obtenue à partir du Journal de Médecine de 1776 à 1791. Ces séries de températures journalières ont été utilisées pour constituer une série des températures mensuelles à Paris et pour l'étude de décembre 1788, le mois le plus froid jamais mesuré.
The Journal de Médecine published from 1756 to 1791 temperature measurements made three times a day in Paris. These measurements made in Paris by different observers were checked, possibly corrected and supplemented, to produce a complete series of daily mean temperatures converted into Celsius degrees. These measurements were compared with those made by Duhamel du Monceau from 1756 to 1780. The Journal de Paris also published temperature measurements for the period from 1776 to 1792 which made it possible to build a complete series of daily means converted into Celsius degrees and a comparison with that obtained from the Journal de Médecine from 1776 to 1791. These series of daily temperatures were used to constitute a series of monthly temperatures in Paris and for the study of December 1788, the coldest month ever measured.
Comparative Analysis of the Antifungal Efficacy of Tomato Leaves (Lycopersicum esculatum Mill) at Concentrations of 25% and 70% on the Growth of Candida albicans
Authors: Wijaya Cindy Denhara , Shieny Lokanata  , Rosion Hadameon Eka Putri Panggabean  
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Candida albicans commonly causes oral thrush, an opportunistic illness that affects the mouth. Both topical and systemic antifungal medications effectively treat oral thrush. The study compared tomato leaf (Lycopersicum esculatum Mill) antifungal effects on Candida albicans growth at two different concentrations: 25% and 70%.
Methods. This research utilizes laboratory trials employing post-test-only control groups. The Microbiology Laboratory Universitas Sumatera Utara supplied the investigation with a pure culture isolate of Candida albicans. To figure out the sample size, we used the Federer formula six times, once for each group of tomato leaves at 25% and 70% concentrations and once for the nystatin (positive control) and DMSO (negative control) groups. Use of a digital caliper for measuring the resistance diameter. We used the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test to look at the data.
Result. Tomato leaves at 25% and 70% concentrations successfully limit Candida albicans development, according to the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The efficiency of tomato leaves at 25% and 70% concentrations in inhibiting the development of Candida albicans was shown by mean inhibitory diameters of 7.73 ± 0.366 mm and 10.21 ± 0.948 mm, respectively. Nystatin, the positive control, had an average inhibitory diameter of 25.77 ± 0.505 mm, whereas DMSO solvent, the negative control, showed no inhibition at all. Between the groups, there was a significantly different inhibitory diameter of Candida albicans growth, as shown by the Kruskal-Wallis test (p=0.000; p?0.05). At doses ranging from 25% to 75%, the Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference (p?0.05) in the effectiveness of tomato leaf extracts in inhibiting the development of Candida albicans compared to the negative control group.
Conclusion. Tomato leaves inhibit the development of Candida albicans. The antifungal efficacy of tomato leaves is higher at a concentration of 70% compared to 25%.
Normative Data for Peak Latencies and Amplitudes of P100 wave of Pattern Reversal Visual Evoked Potential in Central Indian Population
Authors: Juhi Agrawal,  Subodh Pandey, Vivek Som  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
The visual evoked potentials (VEP s) is an important diagnostic tool used by neurophysiologist, ophthalmologist, neurologists and neurosurgeons as many neurological disorders present with visual abnormalities, particularly when the clinical signs and the results of neuroimaging methods are either non informative or non-conclusive. VEPs are produced by electrical activity of the visual cortex in response to light or pattern stimulation of the eye. It can detect functional loss in the visual pathway from retina to the visual cortex.
Aims and objectives
The study was planned to report the normative data for VEP P100 latencies and amplitude in normal subjects aged 40–60 years.
Methods
This study included 60 healthy subjects between the age group 40–60 years consisting of both males and females. VEP was recorded using pattern reversal stimulation with RMS EMG MARK II machine. P100 wave latencies and amplitudes were obtained in all the subjects to determine the normative values.
Results
In our study, normal mean value of P100 latency was 98.79 ± 5.75 milliseconds and mean P100 amplitude was 7.45 ± 1.14 microvolts.
Conclusion
The normative values for P100 latencies and amplitudes of PR-VEP in normal adults of Central India have been reported in the present study. These can be used for evaluation and interpretation of various VEP abnormalities. The normal values of VEP may be affected by technical factors related to machine and environment settings in different labs. So, each health care institution should have its own reference values according to normative data for their lab for VEP to improve the accuracy of the test.
Levels of Circulating Monocytes-An Indicator for Cardiovascular complications in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Veena C N, P Nikhil Chowdary, B C Vastrad  
Published: January 2024

Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is mainly characterized by the development of cardiovascular complications. Inflammation is said to be involved in initiation and progression of diabetic complications related to cell damage of tissues and deepening of metabolic disturbances. Monocyte derived macrophages are believed to play a vital role in the initiation and progression of atheroma formation since monocytes grown in the presence of high glucose concentrations are in an activated and inflammatory state which is associated with the release of superoxides which has a role in oxidative stress. Studies suggest monocytes from patients with diabetes mellitus has a role in the generation of cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes. Also studies done on experimental animals suggest that depletion of monocytes and their progeny lowers the development of atherosclerosis. Thus the present study was an attempt to compare the level of circulating monocytes of diabetic subjects with cardiovascular complications with those without cardiovascular complications
Materials and Method
After taking written informed consent from the participants, under aseptic precautions around 3ml of blood was drawn using vacutainer and the levels of circulating monocytes were determined under aseptic precautions with the help of an instrument Sysmex-XS1000i.
Results and Conclusion
The results revealed that the circulating monocyte levels are significantly increased in diabetics with cardiovascular complications (p=0.04) compared to diabetics without cardiovascular complications. In support of previous studies our study opens the possibility that peripheral blood monocytes can be used to investigate the pathophysiology of diabetic complications. In the light of present idea, more studies on surface markers expressed by monocytes may be required for future risk stratification and disease-monitoring, based on knowledge of human monocyte biology.
Effect of Exercise on Auditory and Visual Reaction Time in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Mohammed Anwaar Ahmed, B Shruthi, Md Abrar Hassan  
Published: January 2024

Exercise provides multiple benefits to an individual. the beneficial effect of exercise on psychomotor performance is still subject of debate. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of short term exercise on auditory reaction time (ART) and visual reaction time (VRT). Fifty healthy subjects were included in the study, 25 of healthy male subjects who were not exercising forms (group I) and 25 healthy female subjects who did not perform any exercise forms (group II).
ART and VRT was recorded using digital display response time apparatus equipped with three lights (red, green and yellow) and three auditory stimuli (low, medium and high pitched sounds). The mean VRT of group II subjects (19.8 ±6.709) was significantly lower than that of group I (20.6 ±6.961) (P<0.001). The mean ART of group II subjects (31.9±5.160) was significantly lower than that of group I (32.9 ±5.950) (P<0.001). Auditory and visual reaction times was better in group II individual in both for forms of exercises.
Effect of Yoga on Respiratory Endurance Test in Medical Students
Authors: Kondam Ambareesha, S. Pradeep Reddy, C. Saroja  
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Yogic practices can be considered to be a very good exercise for maintaining proper health and also has a profound effect on the lung functions of an individual. They are also used as psycho-physiological stimuli to increase the physiological functions and human performance. The present work is undertaken as there was no reported data on comparison of pranayama & suryanamaskar practitioners in various pulmonary endurance functions.
Materials & Method
The present study was conducted at MNR Medical College & Hospital, Sangareddy. The Institute Ethical Committee approved the study protocol. Informed consent was taken from all the subjects. The study was conducted with 80 subjects (aged between 18 to 20 years), under the supervision of a qualified yoga trainer. Inclusion Criteria: Medical students of age between 18–20 years, Only volunteers who are interested in practicing Yoga, Non alcoholic & non smokers. Exclusion criteria: Previous experience of yoga training and physically challenged persons.
Results
The MVV, 40 mm endurance and chest expansion were significantly increased (p<0.005) in the pranayama group (Group-II) and suryanamaskar group (Group-III). But the RR was significantly decreased (p<0.005) in pranayama (Group-II), suryanamaskar (Group-III) and combined group (Group-IV) than control group (Group-I), (p<0.005).
Conclusion
The regular practice of pranayama and Suryanamaskar practice induces more beneficial effects than physical exercise which mostly affects skeletal muscles. To meet the modern life style which is full of challenges and stress, an all-round personality development has become mediatory for the student, this aspect of relaxation and detachment is lacking in our education system and it is this new dimension (yoga) that needs to be added to the curriculum.