bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain abscess from oral microbiota approached by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Zhu Xue-Min , Dong Chun-Xia , Xie Lei , Liu Hao-Xin , Hu Huai-Qiang 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Brain abscess is a serious and potentially fatal disease caused primarily by microbial infection. Although progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of brain abscesses, the diagnostic timeliness of pathogens needs to be improved.
CASE SUMMARY
We report the case of a 54-year-old male with a brain abscess caused by oral bacteria. The patient recovered well after receiving a combination of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)-assisted guided medication and surgery.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, mNGS may be widely applied to identify the pathogenic microorganisms of brain abscesses and guide precision medicine.
Broad/narrowband switchable terahertz absorber based on Dirac semimetal and strontium titanate for temperature sensing
Authors: Zhang Yong Gang , Liu Wei , Yao Hai Yun , Liang Lan Ju , Yan Xin , Zong Ming Ji , Gao Shan , Huang Cheng Cheng , Qiu Fu , Feng Zhen Wei , Zhang Rui , Hu Xiao Fei , Li Zhen Hua , Wang Zi Qun 
Published: January 2024

A broadband and narrowband switchable terahertz (THz) absorber based on a bulk Dirac semimetal (BDS) and strontium titanate (STO) is proposed. Narrowband and broadband absorption can be switched by adjusting the Fermi level of the BDS. When the Fermi level of the BDS is 100 meV, the device is an absorber with three narrowband absorption peaks. The frequencies are 0.44, 0.86, and 1.96 THz, respectively, when the temperature of STO is 250 K. By adjusting the temperature of STO from 250 to 500 K, the blue shifts of the frequencies are approximately 0.14, 0.32, and 0.60 THz, respectively. The sensitivities of the three absorption peaks are 0.56, 1.27, and 2.38 GHz/K, respectively. When the Fermi level of the BDS is adjusted from 100 to 30 meV, the device can be switched to a broadband absorber with a bandwidth of 0.70 THz. By adjusting the temperature of STO from 250 to 500 K, the central frequency shifts from 1.40 to 1.79 THz, and the bandwidth broadens from 0.70 to 0.96 THz. The sensitivity of the central frequency is 1.57 GHz/K. The absorber also has a wide range of potential applications in multifunctional tunable devices, such as temperature sensors, stealth equipment, and filters.
Demonstration of a compact double-reflection transmissive beam scanner operating at 1550  nm wavelength
Authors: Baker Jordan L. , Lang Kenneth A. , Dickensheets David L. , Nakagawa Wataru 
Published: January 2024

A compact forward-directed
transmissive beam scanner
operating at a wavelength of 1550 nm was constructed and
characterized. The scanner consists of two wire-grid polarizers (WGPs)
surrounding a 45° Faraday rotator, causing incident light to reflect
once from each WGP before transmitting through the second polarizer.
Scanning is achieved by tilting one of the WGPs. Measured efficiency
remained above 73% over a 90° forward scan range (−45∘ to +45∘) for vertically polarized incident
light. Additionally, we measured the efficiency versus beam deflection
for four different incident linear polarization configurations, three
of which maintained >70% efficiency for deflection angles up
to −60∘.
Impact on wine sales of removing the largest serving size by the glass: An A-B-A reversal trial in 21 pubs, bars, and restaurants in England
Authors: Mantzari Eleni , Ventsel Minna , Pechey Emily , Lee Ilse , Pilling Mark A. , Hollands Gareth J. , Marteau Theresa M. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Interventions that alter aspects of the physical environments in which unhealthy behaviours occur have the potential to change behaviour at scale, i.e., across populations, and thereby decrease the risk of several diseases. One set of such interventions involves reducing serving sizes, which could reduce alcohol consumption. The effect of modifying the available range of serving sizes of wine in a real-world setting is unknown. We aimed to assess the impact on the volume of wine sold of removing the largest serving size by the glass from the options available in licensed premises.

Methods and findings
The study was conducted between September 2021 and May 2022 in 21 licensed premises in England that sold wine by the glass in serving sizes greater than 125 ml (i.e., 175 ml or 250 ml) and used an electronic point of sale till system. It used an A-B-A reversal design, set over 3 four-weekly periods. “A” represented the nonintervention periods during which standard serving sizes were served and “B” the intervention period when the largest serving size for a glass of wine was removed from the existing range in each establishment: 250 ml (18 premises) or 175 ml (3 premises). The primary outcome was the daily volume of wine sold, extracted from sales data. Twenty-one premises completed the study, 20 of which did so per protocol and were included in the primary analysis. After adjusting for prespecified covariates, the intervention resulted in −420·8 millilitres (ml) (95% confidence intervals (CIs) −681·4 to −160·2 p = 0·002) or −7·6% (95% CI −12·3%, −2·9%) less wine being sold per day. There was no evidence that sales of beer and cider or total daily revenues changed but the study was not powered to detect differences in these outcomes. The main study limitation is that we were unable to assess the sales of other alcoholic drinks apart from wine, beer, and cider, estimated to comprise approximately 30% of alcoholic drinks sold in participating premises.

Conclusions
Removing the largest serving size of wine by the glass from those available reduced the volume of wine sold. This promising intervention for decreasing alcohol consumption across populations merits consideration as part of alcohol licensing regulations.

Trial registration
ISRCTN https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN33169631; OSF https://osf.io/xkgdb.
Quality of life in Arab children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Dardas Latefa Ali , Pan Wei , Hamdan Ahmad Imad , Abu Jabeh Raghed Abdel Hay , Eid Ashakhanba Ahmad , Sami Abdelhai Omar , Naim Abid Mohammad , Ahmad Mohammad Hashim , Al-Ammouri Iyad 
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose
Management strategies for children with congenital health diseases (CHDs) should encompass more than just the medical aspect of the disease and consider how heart diseases affect their everyday activities and, subsequently, their quality of life (QoL). Global studies witnessed a greater emphasis on studying the QoL associated with CHD. However, there is still a great lag in such data in the Arab region. The purpose of this study was to evaluate QoL in children with CHD using an Arab sample from Jordan. The specific objectives were twofold: (1) to contrast the assessments of children’s QoL reported by their parents with those reported by the children themselves, and (2) to assess the factors that influence the QoL of children with CHD.

Methods
A total of 79 children aged 2–18 with a confirmed diagnosis of CHD were included in the study, along with their mothers. Of them, 38.0% were girls, 67.1% were diagnosed with non-cyanotic CHD, 58.2% had a severe CHD, 92.4% had undergone at least one operation, 81.0% had repaired defects, 13.9% underwent palliated procedures, and 24.1% were admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit after delivery. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory was used to assess QoL of children with CHD. Both children’s and parents’ reports of QoL were analyzed using paired-sample t-tests, ANOVAs, and multiple linear regression.

Results
Older children reported significantly lower QoL scores, whereas there were no differences in parents-reported QoL scores across different children age groups. There was a divergence in perceptions of QoL between parents-reported and children-reported scores with parents reporting significantly lower scores. The children-reported QoL in this study seemed to be significantly associated with their gender, age, and the presence of learning difficulties, whereas the parent-reported QoL was only associated with the presence of learning difficulties.

Conclusions
Responses from both children and parents need to be considered to understand the similarities and differences between them and to provide further insight into the optimal way to help children with CHD effectively navigate the transition into adulthood. Future research studies of outcomes for survivors of children with CHD are needed to identify high-risk survivors for worse psychosocial functioning and assess prevention measures and treatment interventions to improve their QoL.
Risk of major myopia-associated non-communicable ocular health disorders in Ghana
Authors: Kyei Samuel , Kwasi Gyaami Rexford , Abowine John Baptist , Zaabaar Ebenezer , Asiedu Kofi , Boadi-Kusi Samuel Bert , Mesuh Jacob Mensah , Assiamah Frank , Armah Anthony , Ayerakwah Patience Ansomah 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the differential association of myopia with major non-communicable ocular diseases in an African clinical cohort.MethodsA five-year hospital-based retrospective study of myopia cases. Patients’ folders, Optical Coherence Tomography scans, and fundus photographs were reviewed for the abstraction of relevant data. Only records that employed recognized standards and classification systems for diagnosing and staging the various ocular conditions were included. Demographic characteristics, non-cycloplegic objective refractive findings, and non-communicable eye diseases were retrieved from the records. Myopia-associated risk factors were then determined using logistic regression and correlation.ResultsSome 16018 patients (32027 eyes) met the inclusion criteria for at least one eye comprising 50.8% males (n = 8137) and 49.2% females (n = 7881). The mean age of the patients was 43.14 ± 17.88 years (range: 2–98 years). The mean spherical equivalent± Standard deviation for myopia was -2.30±3.23 DS (range: -0.50 to -25DS). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that myopic eyes had a higher odd of AC (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.50–0.57), POAG (OR, 6.0; 95% CI, 5.26–6.82), DR (OR, 10.70; 95% CI, 3.91–29.27) and cataracts (OR, 20; 95% CI, 15.32–26.20) but not dry eye (OR, 0.74, 95% CI, 0.68–0.81), macular degeneration and pterygium (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.32–0.40).ConclusionAfricans with myopia are more at risk of developing allergic conjunctivitis, cataracts, POAG, and DR but not for dry eye, macular degeneration, and pterygium.
Embodiment, Relation, Community: A Continental Philosophy of Communication, Garnet Butchart (2019)
Authors: Klyukanov Igor 
Published: January 2024

Review of: Embodiment, Relation, Community: A Continental Philosophy of Communication, Garnet Butchart (2019)
University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 199 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-27108-325-4, h/bk, $80.95
Use of Postoperative Opioid Therapy Following Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty
Authors: Moy Benjamin M. , Volk Sarah , Richards Blair , Guduguntla Bhavna A. , Schulman Allison R. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
There are no established guidelines on periprocedural and postprocedural pain management after endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG). This study aimed to determine the need for perioperative and postoperative opioid therapy in patients undergoing ESG.

METHODS:
This retrospective study comprised consecutive patients undergoing ESG. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients requiring postoperative outpatient opioid therapy. Secondary outcomes included frequency and dosage of perioperative pain medications and postoperative pain scores.

RESULTS:
Of the 67 patients included, 39 (58.2%) required opioids in the perioperative setting. The mean ± SD opioid dose was 12.3 ± 8.4 morphine milligram equivalents. Postoperatively, 17.9% of patients required home opioid prescriptions. More than a third of patients reported no pain.

DISCUSSION:
In patients undergoing ESG, postoperative opioid therapy should be individualized to attenuate opioid overprescription and the risk of opioid overuse.
Computational models of bone fracture healing and applications: a review
Authors: Wang Monan , Jiang Guodong , Yang Haoyu , Jin Xin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Fracture healing is a very complex physiological process involving multiple events at different temporal and spatial scales, such as cell migration and tissue differentiation, in which mechanical stimuli and biochemical factors assume key roles. With the continuous improvement of computer technology in recent years, computer models have provided excellent solutions for studying the complex process of bone healing. These models not only provide profound insights into the mechanisms of fracture healing, but also have important implications for clinical treatment strategies. In this review, we first provide an overview of research in the field of computational models of fracture healing based on CiteSpace software, followed by a summary of recent advances, and a discussion of the limitations of these models and future directions for improvement. Finally, we provide a systematic summary of the application of computational models of fracture healing in three areas: bone tissue engineering, fixator optimization and clinical treatment strategies. The application of computational models of bone healing in clinical treatment is immature, but an inevitable trend, and as these models become more refined, their role in guiding clinical treatment will become more prominent.
Some physicochemical, nutritional and sensory properties of functional pumpkin dough chips produced using hazelnut and cereal flour by different frying methods
Authors: Çavuş Mehmet , Şimşek Atilla , Turan Emre 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the mineral profiles, physicochemical and sensory properties of pumpkin dough chips (PDC), made from pumpkin pulp (Cucurbita moschata) and a combination of hazelnut and grain meals fried by oven (OF), microwave (CMWF) and deep frying (DF). The experiment was established by 36 samples, including formulations (F = 4), frying techniques (FT = 3) and replications (R = 3). The effect of F, FT and F × FT factors on the moisture, ash, protein, oil, hydroxymethylfurfural, phenolics, DPPH-RSA, TEAC, β-carotene, Hunter L*, a*, b*, browning index, hardness, fracturability and minerals of PDC were found significant statistically (P < 0.05). As a result of ICP-MS analysis of PDCs, K, Na, Ca, Mg, and Si minerals were higher than other minerals. While the OF chips had most appreciated, panellists found the DF chips oily. Also, there was a harmony between the pumpkin in the PDC and the cereal flours and hazelnuts.
The effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog treatment on the endocrine system in central precocious puberty patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Na , Zhou Fei , Jiang Xiaolan , Yang Linlin , Ma Huijuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRHa) is the first choice for the treatment of patients with central precocious puberty (CPP). However, the effects of GnRHa on the endocrine system of CPP patients, including insulin sensitivity, lipid level, thyroid function, bone mineral density (BMD), and testosterone (T) level, are currently contradictory. Therefore, the long-term safety of GnRHa therapy remains controversial.

Content
A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CNKI databases. The changes in HOMA-IR, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, TSH, FT3, FT4, T, and BMD in CPP patients before and after GnRHa treatment were compared by meta-analysis. As the heterogeneity between studies, we estimated standard deviation mean differences (SMDs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model. Egger’s test was used to assess publication bias.

Summary
A total of 22 studies were included in our meta-analysis. Compared with before GnRHa treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in endocrine indicators including HOMA-IR, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, TSH, FT4, FT3, T, and BMD of CPP patients treated with GnRHa.

Outlook
Treatment with GnRHa for central precocious puberty will not increase the adverse effect on the endocrine system.
Influence of donor characteristics on the milk donation volume and microbiological quality of donated human milk in first 3 years of work of the Croatian human milk bank-retrospective observational study
Authors: Novoselac Jurjana , Golubić Ćepulić Branka , Kalenić Barbara , Pavičić Bošnjak Anita 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Donated human milk is the best possible alternative when mother’s own milk is not available. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in the milk donation volumes and microbiological quality of donated milk depending on human milk donors (HMDs) characteristics.

Methods
We analyzed data on the HMDs who donated milk in the first three years of work of human milk bank (HMB) – November 2019 to January 2023. The data on the volume of donated milk in L and suitable microbiological quality assessed by the number and isolated species of bacteria were collected from questionnaires filled out by HMDs and documentation administered by HMB employees and are presented using descriptive and comparative statistics.

Results
Two hundred HMDs were included in this study. The majority of them are between 26 and 35 years of age, reside in capital city or the surrounding county, have given birth to a full-term child vaginally, and express surplus milk through a breast pump. Donor mothers of preterm born infants (14.5 %) donated greater quantities, there is statistically significant difference in the median of volume of milk donated (9.6 vs. 6.4, p=0.026). Milk expressed manually shows better results in microbiological quality (median percentage 100 vs. 82 vs. 100, p=0.040), while by comparing other characteristics of the donors, no difference was found between the groups.

Conclusions
It is important to be aware of the characteristics of previous HMDs in order to direct the HMB future promotional and educational activities.
Meaning construction in Nigerian multilingual hip hop: a study in sociology of music
Authors: Liadi Olusegun Fariudeen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The wide acceptability of Nigerian hip hop music, home and abroad, indicates increasing value of the inclusion of local popular languages in the composition and performance of the music. In the text of many of the award winning singles and albums are mixtures of different languages ranging from English, Pidgin English, Yoruba, Igbo and other local dialects. Drawing on Ferdinand de Saussure’s theory of structuralism, this study examines meaning construction in hip hop music in Nigeria. By focusing on the Nigerian hip hop artists, who adopt different slangs embedded with codes considered absurd within the mainstream cultural milieu, the study closely investigates constructed meanings in the lyrics of four Nigerian award winning hip hop artists. All the artists adopted multilingual codes-switching from one language to another in presentation of their messages. The codes in the songs generally symbolise and present messages or meaning that appears out of the mainstream cultural meanings. Listeners and artistes meet at the level of interpretations. The article argues that Nigerian artists creatively present a sub-culture where they and their fans can relate through codes and words embedded with symbolic meanings shared by both artists and fans.
Giant enhancement of optical nonlinearity from monolayer MoS2 using plasmonic nanocavity
Authors: Hou Liping , Li Haosong , Wang Qifa , Gan Xuetao , Xiao Fajun , Zhao Jianlin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The particle-on-mirror nanocavity, supporting multiple plasmonic resonances, provides an ideal platform to efficiently boost the nonlinear optical processes at the nanoscale. Here, we report on the enhancement of the second (SHG) and third-harmonic generations (THG) from the monolayer MoS2 using a multi-resonant Au nanosphere dimer-on-mirror nanocavity (DoMN). The strong plasmon hybridization between the dimer and underlying Au substrate leads to the emergence of two distinct cavity modes, which are intentionally aligned with the SH and TH frequencies, rendering a 15- and 68-fold enhancement for the SHG and THG of the monolayer MoS2, respectively. Further theoretical analysis yields that these remarkable nonlinearity enhancements are also ascribed to the amplification of nonlinear source because of the excellent spatial mode overlap and the high directivity of nonlinear emission enabled by the cavity modes. Our results pave the way for the implementation of low-cost, and highly efficient nonlinear photonics devices integrated with plasmonic nanocavities.
Evaluation of weak discontinuity in rotating medium with magnetic field, characteristic shock and weak discontinuity interaction
Authors: Nath Gorakh , Upadhyay Prakash 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this article we investigated the characteristic shock and weak discontinuity wave in a rotating medium of perfect gas in the case of one-dimensional (1-D) adiabatic motion under an axial magnetic field governed by the system of PDEs (partial differential equations). We have obtained some classes of analytical solutions of the system of PDEs that demonstrates the time-space dependency. With change in the values of rotational parameter, adiabatic index and the ratio of initial magnetic pressure to dynamic pressure, effect on the acceleration wave’s amplitude and jump in the flow variables across the characteristic shock is analyzed in detail. We have obtained an expression for the jump in shock acceleration, the amplitudes of transmitted and reflected waves caused by the incident wave on the characteristic shock after the interaction of a weak discontinuity. It is investigated that the jump function across the characteristic shock decay effect, and goes to 0 as time t → ∞, whereas a weak discontinuity wave may culminate into a shock wave, depending on the initial amplitude value. It is also found that the shock formation time reduces due to the consideration of magnetic field or rotating medium.
The potential capability of treated perlite for removal of penta chloro nitrobenzene
Authors: Gülen Jale , Deler Ömer 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Perlite is an example of clayey type geologic mineral. Perlite is a cheap and abundant adsorbent and it can be used for versatile applications in food, pharmacy and chemistry industries. Perlite was chosen for the removal of penta chloro nitrobenzene (PCNB) pesticide. This pesticide is used for the control of fungi species in farming commonly. Adsorbent surface area and pore volumes were determined as 288.15 m2/g and 78.24 cm3/g (BET method). The characteristics of the adsorbent were furnished by evaluating the SEM and FTIR images. The adsorption equilibrium was reached in 80 min. Initial adsorbate concentration and pH of the medium were also investigated from this point of view. The experimental data were evaluated with proper isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Halsey. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms give the best results. Monolayer capacity was found as 238.095 mg/g. The kinetic mechanisms of the phenomon was analyzed by employing the pseudo first and second order models. Pseudo first order kinetic results were better than the second one with the higher regression coefficients and close experimental and calculated uptake values. Those values were found as 0.615 and 0.6587 mg/g for 1 μg/mL aqueous pesticide solution. Activation energy was found approximately 5094 J/mol which was shown a physisorption mechanism of the adsorption. Activation energy is also employed for interpreting the sticking probability factor. The thermodynamic of adsorption were also evaluated and found as −2.385 J/g at the room temperature. The negative Gibbs energy shows the feasibility and spontaneous nature of PCNB removal on perlite.