bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Spike Protein of SARS-COV2 in Pakistan
Authors: Rizwan Mahnoor , Ahad Abdul , Aziz Sadia , Ahmed Lone Nazir , Naz Tabasum , Bilal Khan Muhammad , Jafri Laila , Ali Liaqat 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To examine the prevalence of antibody IgG/IgM and designing follow-up study of six months and to perform the molecular characterization and sequence analysis of spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.Study Design: Prevalence study. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in the Post-Graduate Lab of the National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi, Pakistan from January 2021 to June 2021.Methods: 112 suspected patients with mild and severe symptoms were tested by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and all were positive. Antibody profiling of vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and followed up for up to six months.Results: Ten patients were identified as re-infected and were subsequently re-tested via PCR and DNA sequencing. The IgG/IgM of immunized patients was 11.87IU/mL and 3.87IU/mL in non-immunized individuals. Genomic analysis indicated that all the sequences belong to delta variant (21A and 21J sub-lineages). Mutations were observed in spike protein at I1169V, D950N in 21A and T951I and S254F in 21J sub-lineages.Conclusion: This study revealed the significance of measuring antibody levels among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Additionally, mutations in the spike gene of the delta variant of SARS-CoV2 can influence the pathogen's mutation rate, leading to changes in its transmissibility and pathogenicity.
How to cite this: Rizwan M, Ahad A, Aziz S, Lone NA, Naz T, Khan MB, Jafri L, Ali L. A Study on Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Spike Protein of SARS-COV-2 in Pakistan. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 458-468. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.400
Do Alpha-Ketoanalogues Slow Down Disease Progression in Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease?
Authors: Saeed Bilal , . Khayam , Afridi Zabihullah , Ullah Muhammad Sana 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To observe the effectiveness of keto-analogues in slowing down the disease progression in non-dialysis dependent CKD patients.Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Nephrology Department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Peshawar, Pakistan from August 2022 to 28 February 2023.Methods: Data was collected on 290 kidney disease improving global outcomes (KDIGO) stage 3 and 4 CKD patients through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. The cohort was divided into group A (Low protein diet) and B (ketodiet). Group A received low protein diet in addition to standard chronic disease treatment while Group B was labelled as keto-diet group which received ketoanalogues in addition to low protein diet and standard chronic kidney disease treatment. Baseline and six months eGFR was calculated and compared for both groups. SPSS version 23.00 was used for data analysis. The P value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.Results: 286 patients aged 51.84±18.127 were selected for our study. 188(65.73%) were males while females were 98 (34.26%). There were 142 (50.34%) and 144(50.34%) patients in group A and B respectively. Duration of CKD in group A and B was 6.45±2.55 and 6.49±1.75 years respectively. The means difference of eGFR in group A (low protein diet) at baseline and after six months was 3.64±1.09mL/ min/ 1.73m2 while that of group B was 1.48±0.41 mL/ min/ 1.73m2 (P-value<0.000). Conclusion: Ketoanalogues is an emerging therapy which slows down disease progression in non-dialysis dependent CKD patients. Although its use is recommended by some clinicians in CKD stage 3 and 4 non-dialysis dependent but still controversial.
How to cite this: Saeed B, Khayam, Afridi Z, Ullah MS. Do Alpha-Ketoanalogues Slow Down Disease Progression in Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease?. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 427-431. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.407
Discrimination of Brain Abscess and Necrotic Brain Tumor with Proton MR Spectroscopy and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
Authors: Saqib Hammad , Asghar Aisha , Firdous Atqa , Zahra Mahwish , Ul Islam Zia , Mushtaq Samreen 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To compare the efficacy of MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging in discriminating between cystic or necrotic tumors and pyogenic brain abscesses.Study Design: A retrospective study design.Place and Duration of Study: The Study was conducted at the Radiology Department of Nishtar Hospital Multan and General Hospital Lahore, Pakistan, from January 2022 to January 2023. Methods: A total ten patients were included in the study. Of 10 patients, 5 had pyogenic abscesses, and 5 had tumors. Tumors were metastases (2 patients), glioblastomas (2 patients), and anaplastic astrocytoma (1 patient). Proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging were performed in all patients. Results: Results showed that significant resonance lines (creatine/phosphocreatine, N-acetyl aspartate, and choline) observed in normal brain parenchyma were missing in abscesses or necrosis. MR spectroscopy of abscess showed multiple resonance peaks. Diffusion-weighted images showed that all pyogenic abscesses had lower ADC values and were hyperintense compared to normal brains. Conclusion: Diffusion-weighted imaging is more accurate and less time consuming method for discrimination of brain lesions compared to MR spectroscopy.
How to cite this: Saqib HA, Asghar A, Firdous A, Zahra M, Islam Z, Mushtaq S. Discrimination of Brain Abscess and Necrotic Brain Tumor with Proton MR Spectroscopy and Diffusion Weighted Imaging. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 432-437. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.431
Effect of Aging on Hardness of Glass Ionomer, Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer, Giomer and Compomer Dental Restorative Materials
Authors: Gul Hashmat , Nayyer Maleeha , Junaid Yusra , Pasha Mehwish , Ejaz Tahira , Liaqat Ujala , Hammad Hassan Syed 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To assess deionized water's aging effect on the hardness of four direct tooth colored dental filling materials i.e., Glass Ionomer Cement, Resin Modified Glass Ionomer, Giomer and Compomer.Study Design: An in vitro experimental study performed in triplicates.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at PG Laboratory, Department of Science of Dental Materials, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from February 2023 to August 2023.Methods: Three disc-shaped samples (n=3) of 10 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness of each restorative material were prepared using stainless steel molds per manufacturer's instructions. These disc-shaped samples were then suspended in a 15 mL conical centrifuge tube containing 10 mL deionized water, followed by incubation in a Forced Convection Laboratory Oven at 37 C where these were allowed to age over a period of 1-2 years. Vickers Hardness of each sample was then checked at two-time intervals, i.e., after 24 h setting and after 2.5 years of ageing through the Micro Vickers Hardness Tester calibrated at 1Kgf (9.80 N) with dwell time of 10 seconds and light intensity 10. Results: After one day (24 h) aging in deionized water, maximum mean Vickers hardness number (VHN) was exhibited by Compomer (539.83±58.08 VHN) and least by GIC (175.75±24.47 VHN). After aging the sample for 912 days, maximum mean VHN was observed for GIC (420.67±99.66 VHN) and least by Compomer (354.33±9.22 VHN). Conclusion: RMGIC sustains its hardness on aging, hardness of GIC increases while that of Giomer and Compomer decreases upon aging.
How to cite this: Gul H, Nayyer M, Junaid Y, Pasha M, Ejaz T, Liaqat U, Hassan SH. Effect of Aging on Hardness of Glass Ionomer, ResinModified Glass Ionomer, Giomer and Compomer Dental Restorative Materials. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 438-444. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.437
Intracranial Spread of Infections Among the Patients of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Authors: Malik Muhammad Imran , Naqvi Aiman Fatima , Naqvi Syeda Uzma , Khan Nida , Ali Aijaz , Abbas Najaf 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of intracranial spread of infections among the patients of chronic suppurative otitis media presenting at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Dow Medical College, Dr. K.M Ruth Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2021 to January 2022.Methods: Out of 87 patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media were included using a non-probability sampling technique. Possible routes of spread of infections were identified based on per operative findings. The Descriptive statistics were applied to all parameters. On inferential statistics, Chi-square test was used for stratification, considering p-value ≤0.05 as significant.Results: 75 (86.2%) were male and 12 (13.8%) were female. 21 (24.1%) patients were found with meningitis, 11 (12.6%) with lateral sinus thrombosis, and 2 (2.3%) with otitis hydrocephalus. As far as signs and symptoms are concerned, 87 (100%) patients had a headache, 74 (85.1%) had nausea and vomiting, 44 (50.6%) patients had vertigo, 43 (49.4%) had a fever, 18 (20.7%) had diplopia, and 73 (83.9%) had altered consciousness. 69 (79.3%) of patients' route of infection in the patients of chronic suppurative otitis media had bone erosion, 12 (13.8%) had thrombophlebitis, and 6 (6.9%) had anatomical pathways. Among different sites of spread of infection, the most common site was sinodural angle 45 (51.72%).Conclusion: Bone erosion, with 79.3%, was the most prevalent route of intracranial spread, followed by thrombophlebitis and anatomical pathways.
How to cite this: Malik MI, Naqvi AF, Naqvi SU, Khan N, Ali A, Abbas N. Routes and Sites of Intracranial Spread of Infections Among the Patients of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media. Life and Science.2023; 4(4): 476-482. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.476
TALK SHOW TENTANG PENCEGAHAN HIV/ AIDS PADA REMAJA DI DESA BIALO KECAMATAN GANTARANG KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Safruddin  , Andi Suswani M  
Published: November 2023

HIV/AIDS adalah virus yang menyebar dari satu orang ke orang lainnya yang merusak sistem imun sampai tidak berfungsi sehingga menjadi kumpulan gejala penyakit yang mematikan. Prevalensi kasus HIV/AIDS terus mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun yang menyebabkan angka kematian dan kesakitan juga meningkat khususnya menyerang masa remaja .
Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan Pendidikan kesehatan tentang peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada remaja Di Desa Bialo Kecamatan Gantarang Kabupaten Bulukumba. Metode dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian melalui penyuluhan Kesehatan, dialog (talk show) dan diskusi tentang pentingnya upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada remaja dengan melibatkan dinas Kesehatan, pemegang program HIV/AIDS puskesmas, pemerintah desa, tokoh agama dan masyarakat
Hasil kegiatan talk show adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan remaja tentang pengertian, penyebab, tanda dan gejala serta upaya pencegahan penyebaran dan penularan penyakit HIV/AIDS
Kesimpulan hasil pendidikan Kesehatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja dalam melakukan upaya pencegahan penyakit HIV/AIDS serta mampu melakukan deteksi dini tentang tanda dan gejala penyakit HIV/AIDS
The Influence Of Giving Coconut Oil On The Event Diaper Rash In Babies
Authors: Marliah  , Misrawati  
Published: November 2023

Naturally processed ingredients that can be considered as an alternative topical therapy that can be used for skin care in babies who experience diaper rash and as a prevention of diaper rash are CO.The purpose of this study was to find the Effect of Coconut Oil Administration on the Incidence of Diaper Rash in Babies in the Work Area of the New Jumpandang Health Center.The research was conducted from January to April 2022 at the Jumpandang Baru Health Center. This research is an experimental study with the design of Two Group Posttest Only Design which aims to find the influence between independent variables and dependent variables. The population in this study was all babies who visited and were at the Jumpandang Baru Health Center as many as 30 people using purposive sampling techniques.The results showed that out of 30 respondents as a sample, it was divided into two groups with 15 people in the intervention group given coconut oil and 15 people in the control group who were not given.The results showed that of the 15 respondents who were sampled in the intervention group, after being given coconut oil, 4 people (37.5%) had diaper rash and 15 people were not given to 13 people who had diaper rash. The results showed that there was an effect of coconut oil administration on the incidence of diaper rash in babies with a value of ρ = 0.001<from α = 0.05.It is necessary for the Puskesmas to plan counseling programs, especially regarding the provision of coconut oil and to midwives to further increase their attention to providing information about the importance of giving coconut oil with diaper rash to babies.
Effects Of Prenatal Gentle Yoga And Dzikir Teraphy On Anxiety Level Of Pregnant Women At Bajeng Public Health Center
Authors: Nurhidayah  , Hasnah  , Jumriani  
Published: November 2023

It is estimated that anxiety during pregnancy will affect 15-20% pregnant women and increase the negative risks on pregnant women and their newborn. It is estimated that the prevalence of anxiety of pregnant women is around 7-20% in deceloped countries, while in developing countries, a report states that it is 20% or more. In Indonesia alone, it is reported that 28.7% pregnant women underwent anxiety. Prenatal gentle yoga and dzikir teraphy are nonpharmalogical treatments for resolving anxiety issue. This research aims to figure out the effects of prenatal gentle yoga and dzikir teraphy on anxiety level of pregnant women at Bajeng public health center, Gowa Regency. The research is quantitative. The research design used is pre-experimental deaign with one group pretest and post-test design, involving 1 group. It used intervention of prenatal gentle yoga and dzikir teraphy to decrease anxiety in pregnant woman. The data analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis. Univariate analysis is used to observe the sample characteristics such as age, education, parity, and gestational age. Bivariate analysis is done to observe the effects of prenatal gentle yoga and dzikir teraphy. The testing used SPSS version 24. The data is normally distributed, thus using paired T-test to figure out the differences of anxiety level on pregnant women. It shows significant results with p-value = 0.000 (the significance level < 0.05). The p-value is less than 0.005, therefore, Ho is denied and Ha is accepted. It is concluded that prenatal yoga and dzikir teraphy were highly effective for reducing the anxiety level on pregnant women at Bajeng Public Health Center, Gowa Regency.
Telenursing Improving Health Literacy Among Pregnant Women
Authors: Gani Nurul Fadhilah , Huriati  , Nurhidayah  , Nur Risma  
Published: November 2023

Health literacy among pregnant women refers to ability to access, selecting, understand, and used information during pregnancy. The good health literacy is an important component of maternal health. In Indonesia especially Gowa district of south Sulawesi, health literacy among pregnant women still low. In this regards, it is important to improving health literacy among pregnant women through some strategies. Telenursing is a trending media of education to improve health literacy. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of telenursing through video and whatsapp groups on increasing health literacy skills in pregnant women. This study was a quantitative study with a non-equivalent design. The population were 77 pregnant women. The study examined 38 pregnant women first and second semester who attend primary health Samata, Gowa Regency. Purposive sampling technique were used in this study. Data were collected by complete the HLS-EUQ16 Questionnaire which consist by 16 questions. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank to analyzed the effectiveness of video and whatssapp pre and post intervension. p value 0.000 and 0.001 which were mean that video and whatsapp as an effective media to improved health literacy among pregnant women in the Samata primary Health care. Mann Whitney U were used to analyzed the differences between video and whatsapp as a telenursing media for improving health literacy. P value were 0.08, that were mean there are no differences between video and whatsapp for improving health literacy among pregnant women. The conclusion were telenursing is an effective media for improving health literacy among pregnant women.Thus, it is recommended to use video and whatsapp as a education media to improve the health literacy.
The Effect Of Secang Wood Detection Water In Treating Prickly Heat In Infants 0-12 Months
Authors: Marliah  , Misrawati  
Published: November 2023

Secang wood decoction can be used to treat prickly heat of the infants Aged 0-12 months because secang wood contains gallic acid, flavonoids, tannins, resins, resorcin, d-alpha-phellandrene, oscimene, essential oils and brazilin which function as anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-biotic and anti-oxidant. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving water Decoction of Secang Wood in Healing Prickly Heat in Babies Aged 0-12 Month in the working area of the Kassi-Kassi Makassar public Health Center in makassar in 2021. The type of research conducted is quantitative research Quasi-Experimental approach. sampling technique ussing Purposive Sampling with Posttest-only Control Group Design.The respondents of this study were 30 babies, 15 babies in the treatment group and 15 control group babies. Secang wood boiled water is used for bathing baby 2 times a day for 7 days. After being given sappan wood boiled water monitoring the healing of prickly heat with statistical tests using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 15 babies were given boiled water seccang wood has the result of healing prickly heat (100%), meanwhile Of the 15 babies who were not given sappan wood boiled water, there were 2 babies who were experienced recovery (13.3%) and 13 infants who did not recover (86.7%). The results after statistical tests were carried out using the Chi-Square test the value of ρ = 0.000 < α = 0.05 is obtained, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that in this study there is influence Giving Water Boiled Secang Wood in Healing Prickly Heat Infants Aged 0-12 Months in the Kassi-Kassi Makassar Health Center Working Area 2020. As advice for mothers whose babies experience prickly heat, you can applying the use of boiled water of secang wood to cure the prickly heat sweat in babies, so they can avoid prickly heat.
Tabako žalos mažinimas: spręsti negalima delsti. Kur dėsime kablelį?
Authors: institutas Gyvybės mokslų ir edukologijos 
Published: November 2023

Tabako vartojimas yra didžiausias išvengiamas pavojus sveikatai Europos Sąjungoje. Rūkymas siejamas su 700 tūkst. mirčių kasmet. Lietuvoje rūkančių gyventojų dalis yra 5 proc. punktais didesnė negu ES vidurkis, todėl galima daryti prielaidą, kad dėl to patiriama didesnė nei vidutinė rizika ir žala.
Eurobarometro ir kitos apklausos rodo, kad 9 iš 10 rūkančiųjų žino apie tabako žalą sveikatai. Tačiau vien suvokimo neužtenka, kad žmonės norėtų ir galėtų įveikti priklausomybę nuo nikotino. Lietuvoje rūko 28 proc. gyventojų. Rūkančiųjų skaičius pastaraisiais metais mažai kinta, nors valstybė yra užsibrėžusi iki 2035 metų pasiekti, kad rūkančių asmenų skaičius sumažėtų 54 procentais. Siekdama šio tikslo Lietuva įgyvendina Pasaulio sveikatos organizacijos (PSO) sukurtas tabako kontrolės priemones MPOWER.
Tačiau pažanga nepastebima – rūkančiųjų nemažėja. Taikomos priemonės yra neveiksmingos.
Kitos valstybės taip pat susiduria su tokia pat problema, tad ieškodamos išeičių dėmesį į tabako žalos mažinimą atkreipia ES institucijos, ES valstybės narės ir kitos pasaulio šalys. Tabako žalos mažinimo priemonių įgyvendinimo poreikis yra numatytas PSO Tabako kontrolės pagrindų konvencijoje.
Svarbu suprasti, kad „žalos mažinimas“ nereiškia žalos eliminavimo. Kitose su priklausomybėmis susijusiose srityse jau pritaikytas mechanizmas reiškia, kad, pasitelkus tam tikras priemones, žalingo veiksnio neigiamas poveikis tampa mažesnis negu žalingas poveikis, kuris atsirastų šių priemonių netaikant. Kitų valstybių patirtis rodo, kad šios priemonės gali būti integruotos į tabako kontrolės politiką, siekiant mažėjančio visuomenės sergamumo, priešlaikinio mirtingumo bei pavojingų nelaimingų atsitikimų.
Žalos mažinimo mechanizmą taikančios šalys atitinkamai keičia savo tabako kontrolės politiką, daugiau dėmesio skirdamos produktams, kurių mažiau žalingas poveikis sveikatai yra įrodytas mokslinių tyrimų. Taip pat nustatoma tabako žalos mažinimo priemonių sąveika su prevencinėmis priemonėmis ir pagalbos rūkantiesiems mechanizmais. Kartu pažymėtina, kad žalos mažinimas yra tarpinis sprendimas, bet ne galutinis tikslas. Neturi būti kuriamas įspūdis, kad žalą keliantys veiksmai ar žalos mažinimo priemonės, alternatyvūs tabako produktai, yra nežalingi.
Implementasi Kebijakan Perhutanan Sosial terhadap Pemenuhan Hak Pemberdayaan Perempuan Kepala Keluarga Dalam Mendapatkan Akses Kelola Hutan di Sabrang Ambulu
Authors: Juwianti Ari , Adawiyah Putri Robiatul 
Published: November 2023

Pada era globalisasi saat ini menjadikan manusia lebih memiliki kualitas tinggi, dengan memanfaatkan potensi sumber daya manusia yang berada di setiap wilayah sebagai faktor dan prioritas utama dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan. Salah satunya adalah program Perhutanan Sosial dengan harapan mensejahterakan masyarakat, kaum marginal dan perempuan kepala keluarga yang berada diwilayah hutan. Pada dasarnya keberadaan perempuan sering kali dianggap sebagai kelompok rendah atau lemah, tidak mandiri dan bergantung pada lelaki, sehingga pandangan seperti ini mendapat legitimasi yang kuat yang berpihak pada budaya patriarki. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan teori George Edward III yang menjelaskan tentang empat indikator yaitu komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Untuk memberikan pemahaman bahwa Program Perhutanan Sosial di Desa Sabrang memberikan manfaat baik dalam mengentaskan kemiskinan dan mensejahterakan masyarakat terutama Perempuan Kepala Keluarga melalui pengelolaan lahan hutan. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemenuhan atas hak perempuan sudah dapat dirasakan hasil dan manfaatnya. Melalui Program perhutanan sosial dengan kegiatan pengelolaan lahan hutan dengan pemanfaatan potensi sumber daya alam dengan masa pengelolaan lahan selama 35 tahun. Maka dengan demikian sudah bisa dikatakan berhasil mengubah perekonomian masyarakat khususnya perempuan kepala keluarga.