bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On intuitive versus institutional accounts of ownership
Authors: Feeney Aidan , Hickey Robin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We contrast Boyer's intuitive account of ownership with formal legal accounts based on institutions of ownership. Boyer's emphasis on social aspects of ownership intuitions may have a bearing on recent arguments that property institutions are justified by their capacity to promote human flourishing. Moreover, Boyer's account of property intuitions facilitates the study of acquisition and mental representation of formal ownership concepts.
An Aerosol Optical Module With Observation‐Constrained Black Carbon Properties for Global Climate Models
Authors: Chen Ganzhen , Wang Jiandong , Wang Yuan , Wang Jiaping , Jin Yuzhi , Cheng Yueyue , Yin Yan , Liao Hong , Ding Aijun , Wang Shuxiao , Hao Jiming , Liu Chao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAtmospheric black carbon (BC) aerosols have been long‐lasting uncertain components in environmental and climate studies. Global climate models (GCMs) potentially overestimate BC absorption efficiency due to a lack of consideration of complex BC microphysical and mixing properties. We extract multiple BC properties from observations and develop an aerosol optical module known as Advanced Black Carbon (ABC) in the framework of the Modal Aerosol Model version 4 (MAM4). The ABC module is implemented in the Community Atmosphere Model version 6 (CAM6) and evaluated by in situ and remote sensing observations. CAM6‐ABC addresses the shortcomings of CAM6‐MAM4 in terms of BC microphysical and mixing properties, particularly their size, mixing state and optical simulations. Sensitivity simulations show that the global BC absorption aerosol optical depth at 550 nm simulated by CAM6‐ABC is reduced by ∼29% compared with that in CAM6‐MAM4. The BC absorption enhancement simulated by CAM6‐ABC is reduced from ∼2.6 of the default MAM4 to ∼1.4, which is closer to the observed values (mostly less than 1.5). With improved BC absorption estimation, the biases of aerosol single‐scattering coalbedo simulations are reduced by 18%–69% compared with global Aerosol Robotic Network observations. Moreover, the globally averaged BC direct radiative effect is reduced from 0.37 to 0.28 W/m2 at the top of the atmosphere. Our new scheme alleviates the overestimation of BC absorption in GCMs by constraining BC microphysical and mixing properties when assessing aerosol radiative and climate effects, and it can be easily implemented in most modal‐based aerosol modules of climate models.
Predicting Continental Scale Malaria With Land Surface Water Predictors Based on Malaria Dispersal Mechanisms and High‐Resolution Earth Observation Data
Authors: Kalthof Maurice W. M. L. , Gravey Mathieu , Wijnands Flore , Karssenberg Derek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite malaria prevalence being linked to surface water through vector breeding, spatial malaria predictors representing surface water often predict malaria poorly. Furthermore, precipitation, which precursors surface water, often performs better. Our goal is to determine whether novel surface water exposure indices that take malaria dispersal mechanisms into account, derived from new high‐resolution surface water data, can be stronger predictors of malaria prevalence compared to precipitation. One hundred eighty candidate predictors were created by combining three surface water malaria exposures from high‐accuracy and resolution (5 m resolution, overall accuracy 96%, Kappa Coefficient 0.89, Commission and Omission error 3% and 13%, respectively) water maps of East Africa. Through variable contribution analysis a subset of strong predictors was selected and used as input for Boosted Regression Tree models. We benchmarked the performance and Relative Contribution of this set of novel predictors to models using precipitation instead of surface water predictors, alternative lower resolution predictors, and simpler surface water predictors used in previous studies. The predictive performance of the novel indices rivaled or surpassed that of precipitation predictors. The novel indices substantially improved performance over the identical set of predictors derived from the lower resolution Joint Research Center surface water data set (+10% R2, +17% Relative Contribution) and over the set of simpler predictors (+18% R2, +30% Relative Contribution). Surface water derived indices can be strong predictors of malaria, if the spatial resolution is sufficiently high to detect small waterbodies and dispersal mechanisms of malaria related to surface water in human and vector water exposure assessment are incorporated.
Cause of Substantial Global Mean Sea Level Rise Over 2014–2016
Authors: Llovel William , Balem Kevin , Tajouri Soumaia , Hochet Antoine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobal mean sea level rose by 15 mm over June 2014 – May 2016. This rise is 7 mm larger than the 8 mm increase associated with the long‐term trend of 4 mm/yr estimated over 2006–2016. Using a combination of satellite gravimetry data and in situ measurements, we find that 20% of this rise is explained by ocean thermal expansion and 80% by an ocean mass increase, the latter being largely correlated with an equivalent terrestrial water storage (TWS) decrease. Half of the global ocean mass increase during that period can be attributed to the South American continent where we find a significant contribution of the TWS over the Amazon basin (5 mm). This TWS change between oceans and continents occurred during two El Nino events: one aborted in 2014–2015 and an extreme event in 2015–2016 which affected precipitation patterns, especially over the equatorial Pacific ocean and over South America.
Reconstruction of Surface Kinematics From Sea Surface Height Using Neural Networks
Authors: Xiao Qiyu , Balwada Dhruv , Jones C. Spencer , Herrero‐González Mario , Smith K. Shafer , Abernathey Ryan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite is expected to observe sea surface height (SSH) down to scales approaching ∼15 km, revealing submesoscale patterns that have never before been observed on global scales. Features at these soon‐to‐be‐observed scales, however, are expected to be significantly influenced by internal gravity waves, fronts, and other ageostrophic processes, presenting a serious challenge for estimating surface velocities from SWOT observations. Here we show that a data‐driven approach can be used to estimate the surface flow, particularly the kinematic signatures of smaller scale flows, from SSH observations, and that it performs significantly better than using the geostrophic relationship. We use a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) trained on submesoscale‐permitting high‐resolution simulations to test the possibility of reconstructing surface vorticity, strain, and divergence from snapshots of SSH. By evaluating success using pointwise accuracy and vorticity‐strain‐divergence joint distributions, we show that the CNN works well when inertial gravity wave amplitudes are relatively weak. When the wave amplitudes are strong, reconstructions of vorticity and strain are less accurate; however, we find that the CNN naturally filters the wave‐divergence, making divergence a surprisingly reliable field to reconstruct. We also show that when applied to realistic simulations, a CNN model pretrained with simpler simulation data performs well, indicating a possible path forward for estimating real flow statistics with limited observations.
The New Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble With CMIP6 Forcing and High‐Frequency Model Output
Authors: Olonscheck Dirk , Suarez‐Gutierrez Laura , Milinski Sebastian , Beobide‐Arsuaga Goratz , Baehr Johanna , Fröb Friederike , Ilyina Tatiana , Kadow Christopher , Krieger Daniel , Li Hongmei , Marotzke Jochem , Plésiat Étienne , Schupfner Martin , Wachsmann Fabian , Wallberg Lara , Wieners Karl‐Hermann , Brune Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSingle‐model initial‐condition large ensembles are powerful tools to quantify the forced response, internal climate variability, and their evolution under global warming. Here, we present the CMIP6 version of the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble (MPI‐GE CMIP6) with currently 30 realizations for the historical period and five emission scenarios. The power of MPI‐GE CMIP6 goes beyond its predecessor ensemble MPI‐GE by providing high‐frequency output, the full range of emission scenarios including the highly policy‐relevant low emission scenarios SSP1‐1.9 and SSP1‐2.6, and the opportunity to compare the ensemble to complementary high‐resolution simulations. First, we describe MPI‐GE CMIP6, evaluate it with observations and reanalyzes and compare it to MPI‐GE. Then, we demonstrate with six application examples how to use the power of the ensemble to better quantify and understand present and future climate extremes, to inform about uncertainty in approaching Paris Agreement global warming limits, and to combine large ensembles and artificial intelligence. For instance, MPI‐GE CMIP6 allows us to show that the recently observed Siberian and Pacific North American heatwaves would only avoid reaching 1–2 years return periods in 2071–2100 with low emission scenarios, that recently observed European precipitation extremes are captured only by complementary high‐resolution simulations, and that 3‐hourly output projects a decreasing activity of storms in mid‐latitude oceans. Further, the ensemble is ideal for estimates of probabilities of crossing global warming limits and the irreducible uncertainty introduced by internal variability, and is sufficiently large to be used for infilling surface temperature observations with artificial intelligence.
Maximizing outcomes in penile prosthetic surgery: exploring strategies to prevent and manage infectious and non-infectious complications
Authors: Moukhtar Hammad Muhammed A. , Barham David W. , Sanford Daniel I. , Amini Eliad , Jenkins Lawrence , Yafi Faysal A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInflatable Penile Prostheses (IPP) implantation is a surgical treatment for patients desiring definitive treatment for erectile dysfunction. While this procedure has proven to be effective, it also carries its own set of unique risks that need to be carefully considered. The article reviews the current understanding of complications associated with penile prosthetic surgery and provides strategies to mitigate these adverse events. This article covers various aspects of IPP implantation, including the risks of infection, bleeding, injury to nearby structures, glans ischemia, and device malfunction. It also discusses the importance of careful preoperative screening to identify risk factors and the implementation of infection reduction strategies such as antimicrobial prophylaxis, skin prep, and operative techniques. In addition, it emphasizes the need for postoperative vigilance and prompt management of any complications that may arise. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the risks and strategies for mitigating complications associated with IPP implantation. Our recommendations are given based on the current consensus in the field and highlight the importance of careful planning, attention to detail, and effective communication between healthcare providers and patients. Despite the potential risks, this review underscores the fact that complications following penile prosthesis implantation are relatively rare.
Oxygenation of the Baltoscandian shelf linked to Ordovician biodiversification
Authors: Lindskog Anders , Young Seth A. , Bowman Chelsie N. , Kozik Nevin P. , Newby Sean M. , Eriksson Mats E. , Pettersson Johan , Molin Emmy , Owens Jeremy D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMarine biodiversity increased markedly during the Ordovician Period (~487–443 million years ago). Some intervals within the Ordovician were associated with unusually rapid and prominent rises in taxonomic richness, the reasons for which remain debated. Links between increased oxygenation and biodiversification have been proposed, although supporting marine oxygen proxy data are limited. Here we present an expansive multi-site iodine-to-calcium (I/Ca) record from Lower–Middle Ordovician marine carbonates in Baltoscandia that provides a detailed account of the spatio-temporal development of oxygen conditions across this palaeoshelf. The data document progressive oxygenation of regional seafloor environments, with well-oxygenated waters sourced from the palaeoequatorward Iapetus Ocean and peak I/Ca values (that is, dissolved oxygen concentrations) coinciding with the most pronounced biodiversity increases and ecosystem reorganizations during this time interval. This occurred while the climate cooled, global sea level dropped and carbonate deposits became regionally dominant. The results suggest that ventilation of shelves played a critical role in regulating early Palaeozoic marine biodiversity via development of ecospace and aerobic–metabolic conditions.
Influence of Bi doping on the electronic structure of (Ga,Mn)As epitaxial layers
Authors: Yastrubchak Oksana , Tataryn Nataliia , Gluba Lukasz , Mamykin Sergii , Sadowski Janusz , Andrearczyk Tomasz , Domagala Jaroslaw Z. , Kondratenko Olga , Romanyuk Volodymyr , Fedchenko Olena , Lytvynenko Yaryna , Tkach Olena , Vasilyev Dmitry , Babenkov Sergey , Medjanik Katerina , Gas Katarzyna , Sawicki Maciej , Wosinski Tadeusz , Schönhense Gerd , Elmers Hans-Joachim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe influence of the addition of Bi to the dilute ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As on its electronic structure as well as on its magnetic and structural properties has been studied. Epitaxial (Ga,Mn)(Bi,As) layers of high structural perfection have been grown using low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy. Post-growth annealing of the samples improves their structural and magnetic properties and increases the hole concentration in the layers. Hard X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals a strongly dispersing band in the Mn-doped layers, which crosses the Fermi energy and is caused by the high concentration of Mn-induced itinerant holes located in the valence band. An increased density of states near the Fermi level is attributed to additional localized Mn states. In addition to a decrease in the chemical potential with increasing Mn doping, we find significant changes in the valence band caused by the incorporation of a small atomic fraction of Bi atoms. The spin–orbit split-off band is shifted to higher binding energies, which is inconsistent with the impurity band model of the band structure in (Ga,Mn)As. Spectroscopic ellipsometry and modulation photoreflectance spectroscopy results confirm the valence band modifications in the investigated layers.
Detecting medial patellar luxation with ensemble deep convolutional neural network based on a single rear view image of the hindlimb
Authors: Jung Juho , Park Geonwoo , Kim Gwanghyeon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMedial patellar luxation (MPL) is a common orthopedic disease in dogs, which predisposes elderly and small-breed dogs. Unlike in humans, diagnosis in the early course of the disease is challenging because symptoms and joint-pain expression in canines are vague. Herein, we introduced a deep-learning system to diagnose MPL using a single rear-view hindlimb image. We believe that this is the first attempt to build a deep-learning system to diagnose MPL based on image analysis. Notably, 7689 images were collected from 2653 dogs in 30 private animal clinics between July 2021 and July 2022. Model performance was compared with ResNet50, VGG16, VGG19, Inception-V3, and veterinarian performance. For performance comparison, a professional veterinarian with > 10 years of experience selected images of 25 normal dogs and 25 dogs with MPL. The proposed model showed the highest performance, with 92.5% accuracy, whereas human experts showed an average accuracy of 55.2%. Therefore, our model can diagnose MPL using only a single rear-view hindlimb image. Furthermore, to solve the image uncertainty caused by the input image noise, we used a one-class SVM and ensemble learning methods to ensure model robustness. Our study will help diagnose MPL in clinical settings using a single rear-view hindlimb image.
An examining the static and dynamic mechanical characteristics of milled ramie root reinforced polyester composites
Authors: VarunKumar T. , Jayaraj M. , Nagaprasad N. , Tesfaye Jule Leta , Shanmugam R. , Krishnaraj Ramaswamy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis research works discuss about the effective utilization of waste Ramie Root, that has been in reinforced polyester composites, powdered fillers that have not been treated are used. Four different composites plate were formed with compression moulding technique process consisting of 20, 30 and 40% of Powdered Ramie Root with 80, 70 and 60% unsaturated polyester resin, respectively. The maximum mechanical properties were observed for the composite with 30:70 weight volume percentages of milled ramie root synthetic reinforced polyester. The findings show that the glass transition temperature, storage modulus, and loss factors all rise when the composition of composites changes. Additionally, the powder cohesion force (bonding strength) has a greater impact on dynamic mechanical properties. Thermo-gravimetric the inclusion of Ramie Root powder caused the thermal deterioration peak of the composite to move from 370 °C to 418 °C, according to analysis (TGA) conducted under flowing oxygen. According to the measurement of water absorption, the ideal weight ratio of Fiber: Unsaturated Polyester Resin is 30:70, which modifies the fibres’ surfaces and ensures optimal adhesion between the fibre and matrix in composite materials. Scanning electron microscopic investigation is done to ascertain the fracture behaviour of the composite. As a result of their stability, high tensile strength, and bending stiffness, the produced composites can be used in light-load applications by material technologists.
Solubility measurement of verapamil for the preparation of developed nanomedicines using supercritical fluid
Authors: Esfandiari Nadia , Saadati Ardestani Nedasadat , Alwi Ratna Surya , Rojas Adrián , Garlapati Chandrasekhar , Sajadian Seyed Ali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA static method is employed to determine the solubilities of verapamil in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) at temperatures between 308 and 338 K and pressures between 12 and 30 MPa. The solubility of verapamil in SC-CO2 expressed as mole fraction are in the range of 3.6 × 10–6 to 7.14 × 10–5. Using four semi-empirical density-based models, the solubility data are correlated: Chrastil, Bartle, Kumar–Johnston (K–J), and Mendez-Santiago and Teja (MST), two equations of state (SRK and PC-SAFT EoS), expanded liquid models (modified Wilson's models), and regular solution model. The obtained results indicated that the regular solution and PC-SAFT models showed the most noteworthy exactness with AARD% of 1.68 and 7.45, respectively. The total heat, vaporization heat, and solvation heat of verapamil are calculated at 39.62, 60.03, and − 20.41 kJ/mol, respectively. Regarding the poor solubility of verapamil in SC-CO2, supercritical anti-solvent methods can be an appropriate choice to produce fine particles of this drug.
Near-infrared spectroscopy of low-transmittance samples by a high-power time-stretch spectrometer using an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)
Authors: Kawagoe Hiroyuki , Sera Hideyuki , Sahara Junki , Akai Shingo , Watanabe Katsuya , Shinoyama Kazuki , Nagashima Toshikazu , Yokoyama Takuma , Ikarashi Aya , Yamada Go 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough time-stretch spectroscopy is an emerging ultrafast spectroscopic technique, the applications in industrial fields have been limited due to the low output power caused by undesirable nonlinear effects occurred in a long optical fiber used for pulse chirping. Here, we developed a high-power time-stretch near infrared (NIR) spectrometer utilizing arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs). The combination of AWGs and short optical fibers allowed large amounts of chromatic dispersion to be applied to broadband supercontinuum pulses without the power limitation imposed by employing the long optical fiber. With the proposed configuration, we achieved chirped pulses with the output power of 60 mW in the 900–1300 nm wavelength region, which is about 10 times higher than conventional time-stretch spectrometers using long optical fibers. With the developed spectrometer, the NIR absorption spectra of a standard material and liquid samples were observed with high accuracy and precision within sub-millisecond measurement time even with four orders of magnitude optical attenuation by a neutral density filter. We also confirmed the quantitative spectral analysis capability of the developed spectrometer for highly scattering samples of an oil emulsion. The qualitative comparison of the measurement precision between the developed spectrometer and the previous time-stretch spectrometer was also conducted.
Exploring the use of nanofluids in pump-free systems for solar thermal applications
Authors: Kosinska Anna , Balakin Boris V. , Kosinski Pawel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBy using nanofluids as a working fluid in pump-free designs, thermal energy systems can become more efficient and have reduced maintenance costs, ultimately extending the system’s lifespan. In this paper, our goal is to investigate unsteady phenomena in the irradiation process and highlight their significance. To accomplish this, we conducted a series of experiments using a square loop of glass pipes filled with carbon black nanofluids and irradiated with a halogen lamp to simulate solar irradiation. The resulting convective motion of the nanofluids allowed us to observe the performance of different concentrations of carbon black, with 0.005–0.01 wt.% proving to be the most effective. Additionally, we identified unsteady processes that occur at the beginning of the process or when the irradiation changes. Finally, we employed computational fluid dynamics simulations to gain further insight into these phenomena.