bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anomalies of the Corpus Callosum in Prenatal Ultrasound: A Narrative Review for Diagnosis and Further Counseling
Authors: Wu Fang-Tzu , Chen Chih-Ping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The corpus callosum is the major interhemispheric tract that plays an important role in neurological function. Understanding the etiology and embryology development helps the ultrasound diagnosis for disorders of the corpus callosum and further counseling. The nonvisualization of cavum septum pellucidum or dysmorphic cavum septum pellucidum in axial view are indirect signs for beginners to diagnose complete agenesis of corpus callosum (cACC) and partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (pACC). Further coronal view, sagittal view, and fetal magnetic resonance imaging are also important for evaluation. Genetic testing plays an essential tool in anomalies of corpus callosum by revealing the underlying genetic pathophysiology, such as chromosomal anomalies and numerous monogenetic disorders in 30%–45% of ACC. Diagnosis and prediction of prognosis for hypoplasia or hyperplasia of the corpus callosum are more difficult compared to cACC and pACC because of the limited reports in the literature. However, the complex types often had poorer prognostic outcomes compared to the isolated types. Hence, it is important to evaluate and follow fetal conditions thoroughly to rule out intracranial or extracranial anomalies in other systems.
Prognostic Value of Jugular Venous Diameters and Compliance in Patients with Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Teke Kutlu Barış , Doğan Nurettin Özgür , Özturan İbrahim Ulaş , Yılmaz Serkan , Yaka Elif , Pekdemir Murat 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations constitute a significant proportion of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). It has been suggested that measurement of jugular venous diameter and compliance may have prognostic value in patients with heart failure. We hypothesized that these measurements may also be valuable in patients with advanced COPD.

Methods:
This study was a single-center, prospective, and cross-sectional study conducted in a university hospital between November 2020 and November 2021. In the study, internal jugular vein (IJV) diameters (inspiration, forced expiration, and rest) and jugular venous compliance were measured with ultrasound in patients who presented to the ED with COPD exacerbation. One month later, data about mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and any hospitalization were obtained and evaluated together with a range of laboratory parameters.

Results:
Data from a total of 93 patients were analyzed. Of these, 17 (18.2%) died, 19 (20.4%) were admitted to the ICU, and 36 (38.7%) were hospitalized at the end of the 1-month period. Consequently, a total of 44 patients (47.3%) were in the good outcome group and 49 patients (52.7%) were in the poor outcome group. In terms of mortality, inspiratory IJV diameter was 5.6 ± 2.9 mm in the survived group (n = 76) and 7.6 ± 3.9 mm in the deceased group (n = 17) (P = 0.031). There was no difference between the venous compliance values and other diameter measurements of the patients. In the analysis performed with the subgroup with high N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide values, it was shown that both resting and inspiration diameter measurements were higher in the group with poor outcomes.

Conclusion:
There was no difference between the jugular vein compliance values in terms of mortality in patients admitted to the ED with COPD exacerbation. However, these measurements may have prognostic value in patients with COPD exacerbations complicated by heart failure.
Novel insights into the physiological functions of glucagon
Authors: Gangopadhyay Kalyan Kumar , Mukherjee Jagat Jyoti 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Discovered a hundred years ago, glucagon continues to amaze clinicians globally with its range of functions affecting the entire human physiology. Although initially it was considered just an opposer of insulin action, recent years have seen that glucagon has a plethora of effects on body metabolism. However, many aspects of the complex regulatory mechanisms of glucagon secretion and its impact on nutrient metabolism are yet to be clearly elucidated. Understanding the physiology of glucagon secretion and action is the key to the development of pharmacological agents which would impact on metabolic disorders. Glucagon secretion is regulated by a variety of factors, including meal type, paracrine hormone secretion from α and β cross-talk, incretin hormones, and the autonomic nervous system, among others. On the other hand, glucagon has manifold effects on glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism, as well as a significant impact on thermogenesis, satiety, and the cardiovascular system. This article collates the physiological mechanisms of glucagon secretion and action, incorporating the latest in glucagon research.
Historical perspectives of glucagon’s discovery and early research
Authors: Brahmachari Debashish , Masood Shabeen Naz , Aziz Umaira , Milenkovic Tatjana , Chawla Manoj , Unnikrishnan A G , Ghosh Sujoy , Raposo João , Saboo Banshi , Mohan Viswanathan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This review article looks at the historical journey of the discovery of glucagon and the initial stages of research that paved the way for a comprehensive understanding of its physiological significance. Glucagon, an essential peptide hormone produced by the pancreas, plays a pivotal role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Tracing the trajectory of its discovery from its initial identification to the unraveling of its complex functions, this article offers a detailed analysis of the early scientific endeavors, and collaborations that contributed to shaping our understanding of glucagon’s pivotal role. By exploring the historical context, controversies, and advancements, this review sheds light on the evolution of endocrinological knowledge and its profound implications for diabetes research and treatment strategies.
Glucagon and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Singh Nagendra Kumar , Saboo Banshi , Phatak Sanjeev , Seidu Samuel , Shah Viral , Hanif Wasim , Fawwad Asher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Glucagon has been an important hormone for nearly a century, as it was first discovered in 1923. Over the years, research on glucagon has provided valuable insights into its function and its role in glucose homeostasis. Glucagon receptors have indeed been identified in cardiac tissue as well. This discovery indicates that glucagon might exert direct effects on the heart, extending beyond its primary role in regulating glucose levels in the liver. The cardiovascular implications of modulating glucagon’s effects remain inadequately comprehended even in 2023. Researchers have continued to study its precise mechanisms of action and its potential therapeutic applications, especially in the context of addressing resistant cardiac failure, managing myocardial infarction, mitigating post-cardiac operation hypotension, countering intoxication from beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, and addressing heart block. This article provides an overview of the current status of cardiac considerations in relation to the therapeutic potential of glucagon in 2023 and its future prospects.
Alpha cells as targets for incretin therapy
Authors: Lakhani Om Jitendra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The pivotal role of alpha cells in glucose homeostasis, primarily through glucagon secretion, necessitates a deeper understanding of their potential as therapeutic targets in diabetes management. This narrative review explores the emerging paradigm of incretin-based therapies targeting alpha cells to ameliorate hyperglycemia associated with diabetes. Amidst the prevailing focus on beta cells, this review accentuates the lesser-explored potential of alpha cells in modulating glucose levels. Incretin hormones, notably glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), not only augment insulin secretion but also inhibit glucagon release, thereby acting as a dual mechanism for glucose control. Contemporary pharmaceutical agents like GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors exhibit promise in modulating alpha-cell function, with evidence suggesting their efficacy in reducing postprandial glucagon and improving glycemic control. Clinical trials evince a favorable safety profile with minimal hypoglycemia risk. Moreover, DPP-4 inhibitors demonstrate a unique potential in reducing glycemic variability by nuanced modulation of alpha-cell activity. This review underscores the imperative for further research to elucidate the molecular pathways underpinning alpha-cell dysfunction in diabetes and to explore combinatory regimens for optimizing glycemic control. The insights garnered could pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies, enriching the armamentarium against diabetes through a more holistic approach targeting both alpha and beta cells.
Pengaruh Transparansi, Akuntabilitas dan Responsivitas dalam Pengelolaan APBDes terhadap Kepercayaan Publik
Authors: Azizah Dhea Nur , Kholifah R Emy 
Published: November 2023

Kepercayaan masyarakat di Indonesia terhadap pemerintah saat ini telah mengalami kemunduran. Terdapat kasus penyelewengan dana APBDes oleh salah satu kepala desa di Banyuwangi pada tahun 2022, hal tesebut terjadi karena kepala desa tidak menerapkan prinsip transparansi dan prinsip akuntabilitas yang menjadi syarat terciptanya good governance. Oleh karena itu terdapat tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan responsivitas dalam pengelolaan APBDes secara individu dan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kepercayaan publik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode kuantitatif melalui pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi dan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama, tokoh pendidikan, dan tokoh pemuda yang berjumlah 40 orang. Untuk menentukan hasil dalam penelitian ini di uji menggunakan uji t dan uji F. Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel trasparansi tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel kepercayaan publik. Variabel akuntabilitas juga tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel kepercayaan publik. Berbeda dengan variabel transparansi dan akuntabilitas, variabel responsivitas memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel kepercayaan publik. Secara bersama-sama variabel transparansi, akuntabilitas dan responsivitas berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap variabel kepercayaan publik.
Evaluasi Program Perhutanan Sosial Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Sidodadi Kecamatan Tempurejo Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Amalia Atika Syafa , Maulana Akbar 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai Evaluasi Program Perhutanan Sosial Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Sidodadi Kecamatan Tempurejo Kabupaten Jember. Program perhutanan sosial merupakan suatu program yang memberikan hak akses kelola legal kepada masyarakat dimana dampak adanya program ini dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. penelitian ini memiliki tujuan diantaranya yaitu untuk mengevaluasi program perhutanan sosial di desa sidodadi agar kita mengetahui apakah prograam perhutanan sosial ini sudah berjalan efektif sesuai dengan rencana di awal atau sebaliknya malah terjadi kendala dikarenakan permasalahan selanjutnya memberikan gambaran mengenai program pengelolaan perhutanan sosial di desa sidodadi dalam menanggulangi perunahan taraf hidup kesejahteraan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara kepada beberapa narasumber dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi,wawancara dan dokumentasi .Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa program perhutanan sosial belum berjalan secara efektif dikarenakan terdapat permasalahan yang terjadi baik itu di lapangan maupun pada teknis. Jika dilihat secara ketepatan program perhutanan sosial sudah tepat dilaksanakan di desa sidodadi adanya program ini memberikan dampak pada perubahan taraf hidup kesejahteraan
Implementasi dan Sosialisasi Sistem Informasi Kasir Online untuk UMKM di Kelurahan Banyu Urip Kota Surabaya
Authors: Budiarti Rizqi Putri Nourma , Primasari Niken Savitri , Zuhdi Ubaidillah , Meutia Nur Shabrina , Rokhim Fatkur , Irbah Helga Lia , Briliant Annisa Ayu 
Published: November 2023

UMKM di Indonesia tetap menjadi topik penting dalam berbagai kebijakan ekonomi dan pembangunan nasional. Peningkatan kinerja UMKM dapat membantu mencapai tujuan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih baik, pengentasan kemiskinan, dan pemerataan pembangunan di seluruh negeri. Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi digital, UMKM kini memiliki lebih banyak peluang untuk meningkatkan daya saing mereka melalui e-commerce, Sistem Informasi Kasir Online, dan platform online lainnya. Digitalisasi memberikan potensi pertumbuhan yang signifikan bagi UMKM. Dalam rangka mendukung UMKM, kegiatan pengabdian Masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan implementasi dan sosialisasi sistem kasir online kepada mitra toko ibu aria dengan dibantu Tim Athena. Aplikasi kasir yang dibangun merupakan “Aplikasi Penjualan Toko Berbasis Web”. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini, sistem dapat memberikan kemudahan kepada pemilik UMKM toko yaitu Toko Ibu Aria yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Banyu Urip, Surabaya. Hasil luaran pengabdian ini berupa aplikasi kasir online yang berbasis website dimana didalamnya terdapat pengelolaan transaksi keuangan yang disertai dengan sistem manajemen inventaris barang serta dapat memberikan laporan penjualan untuk mengetahui keuntungan yang dapat diperolehnya.
Environmental Regulation and Urban Land Green Use Efficiency: China as Case Study
Authors: Xiao Deheng , Wang Jianlong , Wang Weilong 
Published: November 2023

China's economy has shifted from high-speed growth to high-quality development, and the constraints of high consumption, high pollution, and low efficiency in urban land use on sustainable urban economic development have gradually emerged. In the process of urban land resources development, it is urgent to get rid of the traditional “sloppy” utilization method and shift to the green utilization of urban land with low consumption, low pollution, and high efficiency, which can adapt to the requirements of economic and social development in the new era. Based on this, this paper investigates the effect of environmental regulations (ER) on urban land green use efficiency (ULGUE) by using SBM model, two-way stationary panel regression and threshold regression model. The results show that: (1) The connection between ER and ULGUE is strongly U-shaped. (2) Within the bounds of land use structure optimization effect, technology innovation effect, industrial structure optimization and upgrading effect, ER significantly impacts ULGUE. Still, its threshold impact coefficient has a gradient-decreasing characteristic. (3) In the heterogeneity analysis, the effect of ER on ULGUE is more evident in eastern cities, low-pollution cities, Type II, and large cities of Type I scale. Hence, in order to maximize the effectiveness of land use, it is essential to understand the environmental restrictions that cover a realistic spectrum, play the interactive and synergistic role of "combination box", and adjust the intensity of dominant environmental regulations dynamically and flexibly according to the time and place.

Received: 8 August 2023 | Revised: 16 October 2023 | Accepted: 12 November 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Author Contribution Statement
Deheng Xiao: Conceptualization, Software, Validation, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Jianlong Wang: Conceptualization, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Weilong Wang: Methodology, Software, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
EQUOTERAPIA EM CRIANÇAS PORTADORAS DE PARALISIA CEREBRAL
Authors: Carvalho Isabela Lima de , Marques Ricardo Lacerda , Soares Walter , Donatti Alberto Ferreira 
Published: November 2023

Introdução: A paralisia cerebral, é caracterizada como encefalopatia crônica não progressiva da infância, e tem como atributo distúrbios motores e de postura. Está classificada quanto às formas, o local da lesão, a etiologia e a distribuição topográfica de lesão no sistema nervoso central. A equoterapia é o método que utiliza o cavalo como instrumento fisioterapêutico na reabilitação de diversas patologias neurológicas, dentre elas a de paralisia cerebral. Objetivo: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura para verificar o efeito da equoterapia em crianças portadoras de paralisia cerebral. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com base em coleta de dados de fontes secundárias, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, os critérios de inclusão foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2002 e 2018, nos idiomas português e inglês, para crianças com paralisia cerebral em diferentes idades e que estivessem realizando equoterapia. A análise dos artigos foi realizada por meio da leitura do título, resumo e introdução. Resultados: Foram selecionados 8 artigos científicos, com base nos descritores "Equoterapia", "paralisia cerebral", "reabilitação". Todas as evidências apontaram conclusões consistentes sobre os benefícios da prática de equoterapia na saúde da criança com paralisia cerebral. Conclusão: no presente estudo conclui-se que a equoterapia geram efeitos positivos para o tratamento de crianças com paralisia cerebral, porém há necessidade de mais estudos visto que há poucos materiais sobre a temática.
Sensitivity of cloud-phase distribution to cloud microphysics and thermodynamics in simulated deep convective clouds and SEVIRI retrievals
Authors: Han Cunbo , Hoose Corinna , Stengel Martin , Coopman Quentin , Barrett Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The formation of ice in clouds is an important process in mixed-phase clouds, and the radiative properties and dynamical developments of clouds strongly depend on their partitioning between the liquid and ice phases. In this study, we investigated the sensitivities of the cloud phase to the ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentration and thermodynamics. Moreover, passive satellite retrieval algorithms and cloud products were evaluated to identify whether they could detect cloud microphysical and thermodynamical perturbations. Experiments were conducted using the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) model at the convection-permitting resolution of about 1.2 km on a domain covering significant parts of central Europe, and they were compared to two different retrieval products based on Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) measurements. We selected a day with multiple isolated deep convective clouds, reaching a homogeneous freezing temperature at the cloud top. The simulated cloud liquid pixel fractions were found to decrease with increasing INP concentration, both within clouds and at the cloud top. The decrease in the cloud liquid pixel fraction was not monotonic and was stronger in high-INP cases. Cloud-top glaciation temperatures shifted toward warmer temperatures with an increasing INP concentration by as much as 8 ∘C. Moreover, the impact of the INP concentration on cloud-phase partitioning was more pronounced at the cloud top than within the cloud. Furthermore, initial and lateral boundary temperature fields were perturbed with increasing and decreasing temperature increments from 0 to ±3 and ±5 K between 3 and 12 km, respectively. Perturbing the initial thermodynamic state was also found to systematically affect the cloud-phase distribution. However, the simulated cloud-top liquid pixel fraction, diagnosed using radiative transfer simulations as input to a satellite forward operator and two different satellite remote-sensing retrieval algorithms, deviated from one of the satellite products regardless of perturbations in the INP concentration or the initial thermodynamic state for warmer subzero temperatures while agreeing with the other retrieval scheme much better, in particular for the high-INP and high-CAPE (convective available potential energy) scenarios. Perturbing the initial thermodynamic state, which artificially increases the instability of the mid- and upper-troposphere, brought the simulated cloud-top liquid pixel fraction closer to the satellite observations, especially in the warmer mixed-phase temperature range.
Wildfire smoke triggers cirrus formation: lidar observations over the eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Mamouri Rodanthi-Elisavet , Ansmann Albert , Ohneiser Kevin , Knopf Daniel A. , Nisantzi Argyro , Bühl Johannes , Engelmann Ronny , Skupin Annett , Seifert Patric , Baars Holger , Ene Dragos , Wandinger Ulla , Hadjimitsis Diofantos 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The number of intense wildfires may increase further in upcoming years as a consequence of climate change. It is therefore necessary to improve our knowledge about the role of smoke in the climate system, with emphasis on the impact of smoke particles on the evolution of clouds, precipitation, and cloud radiative properties. Presently, one key aspect of research is whether or not wildfire smoke particles can initiate cirrus formation. In this study, we present lidar observations over Limassol, Cyprus, from 27 October to 3 November 2020, when extended wildfire smoke fields crossed the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to Cyprus. We found strong evidence that aged smoke (organic aerosol particles) originating from wildfires in North America triggered significant ice nucleation at temperatures from −47 to −53 ∘C and caused the formation of extended cirrus layers. The observations suggest that the ice crystals were nucleated just below the tropopause in the presence of smoke particles serving as ice-nucleating particles (INPs). The main part of the 2–3 km thick smoke layer was, however, in the lower stratosphere just above the tropopause. With actual radiosonde observations of temperature and relative humidity and lidar-derived smoke particle surface area concentrations used as starting values, gravity wave simulations show that the lofting of air by 100–200 m is sufficient to initiate significant ice nucleation on the smoke particles, leading to ice crystal number concentrations of 1–100 L−1.