bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-Analysis of EEG Findings on Pain Perception: Exploring Nociceptive and Neuropathic Pain Response Patterns
Authors: Mikhail Lipnitskii 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article presents a meta-analysis of research articles focusing on the use of electroencephalography (EEG) in the study of nociceptive and neuropathic pain perception. The objective of the study is to compare the findings of the reviewed articles with the three-route model of pain perception, which posits that specific brain regions are responsible for interpreting different aspects of pain. The articles included in the analysis were sourced from reputable databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and Pubmed. The selection criteria for these articles was based on the explicit demonstration of changes in EEG rhythms in response to pain sensations. This served as an important factor in determining their inclusion for further analysis. The results of the meta-analysis provide insights into the changes observed in EEG rhythms across different brain regions. By examining the location of these characteristic changes, the study makes assumptions about potential interrelationships between the observed EEG rhythms and the activity of specific brain regions discussed in the articles. Ultimately, this meta-analysis contributes to our understanding of the relationship between pain perception and EEG activity, shedding light on the potential role of distinct brain areas in processing different aspects of pain.
Extremely oligotrophic and complex carbon degrading microaerobic bacteria from Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone sediments
Authors: Sarkar Jagannath , Mondal Mahamadul , Bhattacharya Sabyasachi , Dutta Subhajit , Chatterjee Sumit , Mondal Nibendu , N Saran , Peketi Aditya , Mazumdar Aninda , Ghosh Wriddhiman 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTSediments underlying marine hypoxic zones are huge sinks of unreacted complex organic matter, where despite acute O2-limitation obligately aerobic bacteria thrive, and steady depletion of organic carbon takes place within a few meters below the seafloor. However, little knowledge exists about the sustenance and complex carbon degradation potentials of aerobic chemoorganotrophs in these sulfidic ecosystems. We isolated and characterized a number of aerobic bacterial chemoorganoheterotrophs from across a ∼3 m sediment horizon underlying the perennial hypoxic zone of the eastern Arabian Sea. High levels of sequence correspondence between the isolates’ genomes and the habitat’s metagenomes and metatranscriptomes illustrated that the strains were widespread and active across the sediment-cores explored. The isolates catabolized several complex organic compounds of marine and terrestrial origins in the presence of high or low, but not zero, O2. Some of them could also grow anaerobically on yeast extract or acetate by reducing nitrate and/or nitrite. Fermentation did not support growth, but enabled all the strains to maintain a fraction of their cell populations over prolonged anoxia. Under extreme oligotrophy, limited growth followed by protracted stationary phase was observed for all the isolates at low cell density, amid high or low, but not zero, O2concentration. While population control and maintenance could be particularly useful for the strains’ survival in the critically carbon-depleted layers below the explored sediment-depths (core-bottom organic carbon: 0.5-1.0 % w/w), metagenomic data suggested thatin situanoxia could be surmounted via potential supplies of cryptic O2from previously-reported sources such asNitrosopumilusspecies.
Supplementation with short-chain fatty acids and the prebiotic 2FL improves clinical outcome in PD
Authors: Hegelmaier Tobias , Duscha Alexander , Desel Christiane , Fuchs Sabrina , Shapira Michal , Shan Qihao , Stangl Gabriele I , Hirche Frank , Kempa Stefan , Maifeld András , Würtele Lisa-Marie , Peplinski Jana , Jauk Diana , Dumitru Claudia A. , Obermüller-Jevic Ute , Hustvedt Svein-Olaf , Timmesfeld Nina , Gold Ralf , Zapf Antonia , Sandalcioglu Ibrahim E. , Mostaghim Sanaz , Przuntek Horst , Segal Eran , Yissachar Nissan , Haghikia Aiden 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with dysbiosis, proinflammatory gut microbiome, disruptions to intestinal barrier functions, and immunological imbalance. Microbiota-produced short-chain fatty acids promote gut barrier integrity and immune regulation, but their impact on PD pathology remains mostly unknown.ObjectivesTo evaluate supplementation with short-chain fatty acids as an add-on intervention in PD.MethodsIn a randomized double-blind prospective study, 72 PD patients received short-chain fatty acids and/or the prebiotic fiber 2′-fucosyllactose supplementation over 6 months.ResultsWe observed improvement in motor and nonmotor symptoms, in addition to modulation of peripheral immunity and improved mitochondrial respiration in immunocytes. The supplementation had no effect on microbiome diversity or composition. Finally, multiobjective analysis and comprehensive immunophenotyping revealed parameters associated with an optimal response to short-chain fatty acids and/or 2′-fucosyllactose supplementation.ConclusionShort-chain fatty acids ameliorate clinical symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients and modulate mitochondrial function and peripheral immunity.
Global solidarity in genomic surveillance improves early detection of respiratory virus threats
Authors: de Jong Simon P.J. , Nichols Brooke E. , de Ruijter Anniek , Parker Edyth , Mitesser Vera , Happi Christian , de Jong Menno D. , Han Alvin X. , Russell Colin A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPublic health decision-making for respiratory virus outbreaks relies heavily on genomic sequencing to detect new (variant) viruses. However, respiratory virus sequencing infrastructure is highly unequally distributed globally, potentially limiting the efficiency and effectiveness of surveillance efforts and raising concerns about preparedness for future threats. Using mathematical models, we demonstrate that relative to global sequencing efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic, increased global solidarity in respiratory virus genomic surveillance would vastly improve the capacity to rapidly detect novel threats, even with a substantially reduced number of viruses sequenced globally, leading to improved effectiveness and efficiency. As a result, the time between a (variant) virus’ first global detection and first local case would increase in all countries, allowing for more time to design and implement global and local public health measures to mitigate the threat’s potential public health impacts. Our results show that operationalizing global health solidarity is key to guiding investment in preparedness for future pandemic threats.
Prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment in Kogi state, Nigeria – Findings from a Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness survey
Authors: Penzin Selben , Jolley Emma , Ogundimu Kolawole , Mpyet Caleb , Ibrahim Nazaradden , Owoeye Foluso , Isiyaku Sunday , Shu’aibu Joy , Schmidt Elena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeTo determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment among adults in Kogi, Nigeria.MethodsA Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) protocol was used with additional tools measuring disability and household wealth to measure the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment (VI) and associations with sex, disability, wealth, cataract surgical coverage and its effectiveness.ResultsAge- and sex-adjusted all-cause prevalence of bilateral blindness was 3.6% (95%CI 3.0-4.2%), prevalence of blindness among people living with additional, non-visual disabilities was 38.3% (95% CI 29.0-48.6%) compared to 1.6% (95%CI 1.2-2.1%; 𝜒2= 771.9, p<0.001) among people without additional disabilities. Cataract was the principal cause of bilateral blindness (55.3%). Cataract surgical coverage (CSC) at visual acuity (VA) 3/60 was 48.0%, higher among men than women (53.7% vs 40.3%); 12.0% among people with non-visual disabilities; 66.9% among people without non-visual disabilities, higher among people in the wealthiest two quintiles (41.1%) compared to the lowest three (24.3%).Effective Cataract Surgical Coverage at Visual Acuity 6/60 was 31.0%, higher among males (34.9%) than females (25.5%), low among people with additional, non-visual disabilities (1.9%) compared to people with no additional disabilities (46.2%), higher among people in the wealthiest two quintiles (411%) compared to the poorest three (24.3%).Good surgical outcome (VA>6/18) was seen in 61 eyes (52.6%) increasing to 71 (61.2%) eyes with best correction. Cost was identified as the main barrier to surgery.ConclusionFindings suggest there exists inequalities in eye care with women, poorer people and people with disabilities having a lower Cataract Surgical Coverage, thereby, underscoring the importance of eye care programs to address these inequalities.
Detecting Alzheimer Disease in EEG Data with Machine Learning and the Graph Discrete Fourier Transform
Authors: Mootoo Xavier S. , Fours Alice , Dinesh Chinthaka , Ashkani Mohammad , Kiss Adam , Faltyn Mateusz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlzheimer Disease (AD) poses a significant and growing public health challenge worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective intervention and care. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in leveraging Electroen-cephalography (EEG) to improve the detection of AD. This paper focuses on the application of Graph Signal Processing (GSP) techniques using the Graph Discrete Fourier Transform (GDFT) to analyze EEG recordings for the detection of AD, by employing several machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models. We evaluate our models on publicly available EEG data containing 88 patients categorized into three groups: AD, Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), and Healthy Controls (HC). Binary classification of dementia versus HC reached a top accuracy of 85% (SVM), while multiclass classification of AD, FTD, and HC attained a top accuracy of 44% (Naive Bayes). We provide novel GSP methodology for detecting AD, and form a framework for further experimentation to investigate GSP in the context of other neurodegenerative diseases across multiple data modalities, such as neuroimaging data in Major Depressive Disorder, Epilepsy, and Parkinson disease.
Mental disorders and discrimination: a prospective cohort study of young twin pairs in Germany
Authors: Calais-Ferreira Lucas , Armstrong Greg , Hahn Elisabeth , Newton-Howes Giles , Foulds James , Hopper John L , Spinath Frank M , Kurdyak Paul , Young Jesse T 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundMental disorders and discrimination share common risk factors. The association between having a mental disorder and experiencing discrimination is well-known, but the extent to which familial factors, such as genetic and shared environmental factors, might confound this association, including gender differences in familial confounding, remains unexplored.AimsWe investigated potential unmeasured familial confounding in the relationship between mental disorders and discrimination.MethodWe examined 2,044 same-sex twin pairs aged 16–25 years from the German population-based study’TwinLife’. We used a matched design and random-effects regression applied to within-individual and within-and-between pair models for the association between mental disorder and discrimination, and used likelihood ratio tests (LRTs) to compare these models. Multivariable models were adjusted for body-mass-index, educational attainment, and global life satisfaction.ResultsMental disorder and discrimination were associated in the adjusted within-individual model (adjusted odds ratio=2.19, 95% Confidence Interval:1.42–3.39,P<0.001). However, the within-and-between pair model showed that this association was explained by the within-pair mean (aOR=4.24, 95%CI:2.17–8.29,P<0.001) and not the within-pair difference (aOR=1.26, 95%CI:0.70–2.28,P=0.4) of mental disorder. Therefore, this association was mostly explained by familial confounding, which is also supported by the LRTs for the unadjusted and adjusted models (P<0.001 andP=0.03, respectively). This familial confounding was more prominent for males than females.ConclusionsOur findings show that the association between mental disorder and discrimination is almost fully explained by unmeasured familial factors. Incorporating family members in interventions targeted at ameliorating mental ill-health and experiences of discrimination among adolescents may improve efficacy.
Automatic Detection of Cardiac Conditions from Photos of Electrocardiogram (ECG) Captured by Smartphones
Authors: Wong Chun-Ka , Lau Yuk-Ming , Lui Hin-Wai , Chan Wai-Fung , San Wing-Chun , Zhou Mi , Cheng Yangyang , Huang Duo , Lai Wing-Hon , Lau Yee-Man , Siu Chung-Wah 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundArtificial intelligent electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnostic algorithms can achieve cardiologist-level accuracy, but their clinical use is limited as they cannot be installed in older ECG machines.ObjectiveTo develop a smartphone application that extracts and analyzes ECG waveforms from photos using machine learning techniques.MethodsA smartphone application was developed to automatically extract ECG waveforms from photos taken by clinicians using computer vision and machine learning. Custom designed machine learning models were developed to perform waveform identification, gridline removal, and scale calibration. The extracted voltage-time series waveforms were analyzed using a pre-trained machine learning-based diagnostic algorithms, and the accuracy of the proof-of-concept application was assessed.ResultsWaveforms from 40,516 scanned and 444 photographed ECGs were automatically extracted. 12,828 of 13,258 (96.8%) scanned and 5,399 of 5,743 (94.0%) photographed waveforms were correctly cropped and labelled. 11,604 of 12,735 (91.1%) scanned and 5,062 of 5,752 (88.0%) photographed waveforms achieved successful voltage-time signal extraction after automatic gridline and background noise removal. The AF diagnostic algorithm achieved 91.3% sensitivity, 94.2% specificity, 95.6% positive predictive value, 88.6% negative predictive value and 93.4% F1 score.ConclusionUsing computer vision and machine learning techniques to detect cardiac conditions from photos of ECGs taken with smartphones is feasible. This platform can enable widespread deployment of the latest machine learning-based ECG diagnostic algorithms.
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces the cytokine release syndrome by stimulating T cells to produce more IL-2
Authors: Niu Chao , Liang Tingting , Chen Yongchong , Zhu Shan , Zhou Lei , Chen Naifei , Qian Lei , Wang Yufeng , Li Min , Zhou Xin , Cui Jiuwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCytokine release syndrome (CRS) is one of the leading causes of mortality in COVID-19 patients caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. However, the mechanism of CRS induced by SARS-CoV-2 is vague. This study shows that dendritic cells loaded with spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 stimulate T cells to release much more IL-2, which subsequently cooperates with spike protein to facilitate peripheral blood mononuclear cells to release IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. These effects are achieved via IL-2 stimulation of NK cells to release TNF-α and IFN-γ, as well as T cells to release IFN-γ. Mechanistically, IFN-γ and TNF-α enhance the transcription of CD40, and the interaction of CD40 and its ligand stabilizes the membrane expression of TLR4 which serves as a receptor of spike protein on the surface of monocytes. As a result, there is a constant interaction between spike protein and TLR4, leading to continuous activation of NF-κB. Furthermore, TNF-α also activates NF-κB signaling in monocytes, which further cooperates with IFN-γ and spike protein to modulate NF-κB-dependent transcription of CRS-related inflammatory cytokines. Targeting TNF-α/IFN-γ in combination with TLR4 may represent a promising therapeutic approach for alleviating CRS in individuals with COVID-19.
The Microbiome of Bioreactors Containing Mass-Cultivated Marine Diatoms for Industrial Carbon Capture and Utilization
Authors: Aalto Nerea Johanna , Giæver Ingeborg Hulda , Eriksen Gunilla Kristina , Israelsen Linn , Krsmanovic Stina , Petters Sebastian , Bernstein Hans C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMarine microalgae are a promising innovation platform for carbon capture and utilization (CCU) biotechnologies to mitigate industrial greenhouse gas emissions. However, industrial-scale cultivation of algal mono-cultures is challenging and often unscalable. Non-axenic microalgae in large semi-open photobioreactors lead to the co-cultivation of diverse microbial communities. There is limited knowledge about the “bioreactor ecology” involving microalgae interacting with the microbiome and its subsequent impact on process stability and productivity. In this study, we describe the semi-continuous industrial mass cultivation of the cold-adapted marine diatom,Porosira glacialisUiT201, by investigating the prokaryotic and microeukaryotic (phytoplankton and heterotrophic protist) communities. Data were collected in two consecutive time series experiments, representing the initiation and operation of an preindustrial scale CCU photobioreactor (300,000 liters). The first experiment experienced a culture “crash” of the focal strain after 39 days, while the second culture remained stable and “healthy” for 60 days. The results highlight that this mass cultivation system represents a unique industrial marine microbial ecosystem. The succession of the prokaryotic community was primarily driven by species replacement, indicating turnover due to selective bioreactor conditions and/or biological interactions. Nonetheless, the bioreactor consistently harbors a recurring and abundant core microbiome, suggesting that the closely associated bacterial community is influenced by microalgae-specific properties and can endure a dynamic and variable environment. The observed culture collapse ofP. glacialiscoincided with changes in the core microbiome structure and different environmental growth conditions compared to the stable and “healthy” experiment. These findings imply that cohabiting microbial taxa within industrial microalgae cultivation likely play a critical role in stabilizing the conversion of industrial CO2into marine biomass, and changes in community structure serve as an indicator of process stability.
Structural insights into viral hijacking of p53 by E6 and E6AP
Authors: Sandate Colby R. , Chakraborty Deyasini , Kater Lukas , Kempf Georg , Thomä Nicolas H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe E3-ubiquitin ligase E6AP degrades p53 when complexed with the viral protein E6 from human papilloma virus (HPV), which contributes to the transformation of cells in HPV-related cancers. Previous crystal structures of the E6AP-E6-p53 ternary complex have implicated a peptide containing an LxxLL motif from E6AP as the interface between the three proteins. However, the contributions to the ternary complex from the remainder of the E6AP protein remain unknown. We reexamined this complex using cryo-EM and full-length proteins and find additional protein interaction interfaces involving a previously uncharacterized domain of E6AP. Additionally, we observe that the ternary complex forms both 1:1:1 and 2:2:2 stochiometric complexes comprised of E6AP, E6 and p53.
Working capital policy of newly incorporated firms
Authors: Desai Rajesh , Mehta Bhoomi 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe present study examines the initial working capital policy (WCP) and its evolution for newly established manufacturing firms.Design/methodology/approachUsing panel data of 162 firms over a period of 10 years, the study analyses the persistence-cum-convergence in WCP over the subsequent years through descriptive analysis and difference of means test. Further, the prevalence of ß – convergence, and σ-convergence has been examined using standard least squares regression, dynamic panel analysis and the Wald test.FindingsThe results indicate that sample firms continue to follow the initial WCP in the subsequent years with a gradual convergence in the WCP. Alternatively, the firms with aggressive (conservative) WCP at the time of incorporation will continue following it. Further, the firms with aggressive initial WCP have witnessed higher growth than those with conservative initial WCP.Research limitations/implicationsFindings will assist managers and practitioners to understand the dynamics of WCP over the life cycle of the firm and select appropriate WCP as certain policies lead to certain growth paths.Originality/valueThough working capital management has been recognized as a critical managerial decision, limited research is available on its evolution, especially for newly established manufacturing companies in an emerging economy. Current research attempts to fill this gap and provide valuable insights for the effective management of liquidity.
Development and comparison of double-stator memory machines with parallel hybrid magnets
Authors: Peng Cheng , Cheng He , Zhang Tong , Wu Jing , Lin Fandi , Chu Jinglong 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to further develop stator permanent magnet (PM) type memory machines by providing generalized design guidelines for double-stator memory machines (DSMMs) with hybrid PMs. This paper discusses the design experience of DSMMs and presents a comparative study of radial magnetization (RM) and circumferential magnetization (CM) types.

Design/methodology/approach
It begins with an introduction to RM and CM operating principles and magnetization mechanisms. Then, a comparative study is conducted for one of the RM-DSMM rotor pole pairs, inner and outer stator clamping angles and low coercive force PMs thickness. Finally, the two machines’ finite element simulation performance is compared. The validity of the proposed machine structure is demonstrated.

Findings
In this paper, the double-stator structure is extended to parallel hybrid PM memory machines, and two novel DSMMs with RM and CM configurations are proposed. Two types of DSMMs have PMs and magnetizing windings on the inner stator and armature windings on the outer stator. The main difference between the two is the arrangement of PMs on the inner stator.

Originality/value
Conventional stator PM memory machines have geometrical space conflicts between the PM and armature windings. The proposed double-stator structure can alleviate these conflicts and increase the torque density accordingly. In addition, this paper contributes to comparing the arrangement of hybrid PMs for DSMMs.
Impact of earnings management on dividend policy: does board independence matter?
Authors: Javaid Aisha , Fatima Kaneez , Karamat Musarrat 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis paper empirically examines whether sophisticated governance mechanism affects the relationship between earnings management and dividend policy of non-financial firms.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of the study includes non-financial firms listed on the stock exchanges of twenty developed and developing economies from the period 2005–2017. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) was applied to estimate the econometric models.FindingsThe results confirm the positive association between earning management and the dividend payout ratio of the sample firms. These findings are in line with the signaling theory, which suggests that firms engage in earnings manipulation to signal to the market that they can maintain a smooth dividend distribution. Moreover, findings suggest that board independence, being a mechanism of corporate governance, significantly negatively moderated the relationship between earnings management and the dividend payout ratio of non-financial firms.Practical implicationsThe findings provide valuable suggestions to government bodies, regulatory authorities and corporate managers to focus on the effectiveness of governance mechanisms to improve the reliability of financial reports.Originality/valueThese findings imply that the effect of earning management on the dividend payout ratio is less pronounced in firms with more independent directors on the company board.