bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiome analysis reveals the intestinal microbiota characteristics and potential impact of Procambarus clarkii
Authors: Xu Ming , Li Fulong , Zhang Xiaoli , Chen Baipeng , Geng Yi , Ouyang Ping , Chen Defang , Li Liangyu , Huang Xiaoli 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The intestinal microbiota interacts with the host and plays an important role in the immune response, digestive physiology, and regulation of body functions. In addition, it is also well documented that the intestinal microbiota of aquatic animals are closely related to their growth rate. However, whether it resulted in different sizes of crayfish in the rice-crayfish coculture model remained vague. Here, we analyzed the intestinal microbiota characteristics of crayfish of three sizes in the same typical rice-crayfish coculture field by high-throughput sequencing technology combined with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme activity, investigating the relationship between intestinal microbiota in crayfish and water and sediments. The results showed that the dominant intestinal microbiota of crayfish was significantly different between the large size group (BS), normal size group (NS), and small size group (SS), where Bacteroides and Candidatus_Bacilloplasma contributed to the growth of crayfish by facilitating food digestion through cellulolysis, which might be one of the potential factors affecting the difference in sizes. Follow-up experiments confirmed that the activity of lipase (LPS) and protease was higher in BS, and the relative expression of development-related genes, including alpha-amylase (α-AMY), myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2a (MEF2a), glutathione reductase (GR), chitinase (CHI), and ecdysone receptor (EcR), in BS was significantly higher than that in SS. These findings revealed the intestinal microbiota characteristics of crayfish of different sizes and their potential impact on growth, which is valuable for managing and manipulating the intestinal microbiota in crayfish to achieve high productivity in practice.

Key points
• Significant differences in the dominant microflora of BS, NS, and SS in crayfish.
• Cellulolysis might be a potential factor affecting different sizes in crayfish.
• Adding Bacteroides and Candidatus_Bacilloplasma helped the growth of crayfish.
A convenient and practical index for predicting the induction response in adult patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: ferritin/platelet ratio
Authors: Feng Cuicui , Hua Zhengjie , He Lingbo , Yao Shuyan , Zou Heshan , Zhu Yingxin , Wang Zhao , Wang Yini 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome with high mortality rate. The response to induction therapy is an important factor affecting survival. The purpose is to investigate laboratory predictors for induction response in adult patients with HLH, which are convenient, practical, and timeliness. Clinical data from January 2017 to December 2020 was retrospectively analyzed, and 269 patients were included. Patients were divided into remission and non-remission groups according to their induction response, 177 in the remission group, and 92 in the non-remission group. We reviewed general characteristics and analyzed the predictive value of serum ferritin, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and blood cells before and 1–4 weeks after induction therapy for induction response by univariate analysis, ROC curves, etc. There was a correlation between serum ferritin, ALT, leukocytes, neutrophils, hemoglobin, platelets, and induction response (P < 0.05). Serum ferritin and platelets 1–4 weeks after induction therapy, respectively, might be a good predictor for induction response in adults with HLH, with AUC values close to or greater than 0.7. We established a new clinical model of the ferritin/platelet ratio. The results showed that the ferritin/platelet ratio at 1–4 weeks after induction therapy might be a practical index for predicting induction response, which significantly improved the area under the ROC curve (AUC > 0.75). Patients with a ferritin/platelet ratio > 16.08 at 2 weeks after induction therapy may have a relatively poor induction response. Ferritin/platelet ratio after induction therapy can be a good predictor for induction response in adult patients with HLH.
Efficacy of the use of video games on mood, anxiety and depression in stroke patients: preliminary findings of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Blázquez-González Patricia , Mirón-González Rubén , Lendínez-Mesa Alejandro , Luengo-González Raquel , Mancebo-Salas Noelia , Camacho-Arroyo María Teresa , Muriel-García Alfonso , García-Sastre María Montserrat 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In the different published studies, there is no consensus on the efficacy of virtual reality as an adjuvant treatment of mood states.

Aim
The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of no immersive virtual reality with the Nintendo Switch device in rehabilitation treatment on mood, anxiety and depression in stroke patients admitted to neurorehabilitation units.

Methods
Fifty-eight patients admitted to neurorehabilitation units underwent a 1:3 multicentre randomised clinical trial. The intervention group consisted of 17 patients and the control group of 41 patients. The intervention group performed 6 virtual reality sessions together with the conventional treatment, and the control group performed only the conventional rehabilitation sessions. Primary and secondary clinical outcomes were measured before and six weeks after the intervention.

Results
Comparing the intervention group and control group, the anxiety levels of the intervention group decreased compared to the results observed in the control group (p = 0.01), as did the dependence of the intervention group (0.015). On the other hand, the results obtained after the intervention by the control group for anxiety (0.479) and depression (0.292) were not statistically significant.

Conclusion
Rehabilitation VR used as an adjuvant treatment to conventional treatment has a beneficial impact on the neurological status and state of anxiety of stroke patients admitted to neurorehabilitation units.

Trial registration
Registered in the https://clinicaltrials.gov/ repository (NTC NCT05143385). Protocol registration date 7 October 2021, retrospectively registered.
Müllerian anomalies in girls with congenital solitary kidney
Authors: Walawender Laura , Santhanam Natasha , Davies Benjamin , Fei Y. Frances , McLeod Daryl , Becknell Brian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of Müllerian anomalies (MA) among patients with congenital solitary functioning kidney (SFK) is not well defined. A delay in diagnosis of obstructive MA can increase the risk of poor clinical outcomes. This study describes the prevalence of MA in patients with congenital SFK.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed of patients within the Nationwide Children’s Hospital system with ICD9 or ICD10 diagnostic codes for congenital SFK defined as either unilateral renal agenesis (URA) or multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) and confirmed by chart review. Patients with complex urogenital pathology were excluded. Renal anomaly, MA, reason for and type of pelvic evaluation, and age of diagnosis of anomalies were evaluated.

Results
Congenital SFK occurred in 431 girls due to URA (209) or MCDK (222). Pelvic evaluation, most commonly by ultrasound for evaluation of abdominal pain or dysmenorrhea, occurred in 115 patients leading to MA diagnosis in 60 instances. Among 221 patients ages 10 years and older, 104 underwent pelvic evaluation and 52 were diagnosed with an MA of which 20 were obstructive. Isolated uterine or combined uterine and vaginal anomalies were the most common MA. MA were five-fold more common in patients with URA compared to MCDK. In 75% of patients, the SFK was diagnosed prior to the MA.

Conclusions
The prevalence of MA in patients with congenital SFK was 24% among those age 10 years or older, and 38% were obstructive. This justifies routine screening pelvic ultrasound in girls with congenital SFK to improve early diagnosis.

Graphical abstract
Detection and characterization of incidental vibrations from Drosophila suzukii in infested fruits
Authors: Fellin Lorenzo , Bertagnolli Giulia , Mazzoni Valerio , Anfora Gianfranco , Agostinelli Claudio , Rossi Stacconi Marco Valerio , Nieri Rachele 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is an invasive species native to East Asia and now widespread worldwide. Major economic damage is caused by the larvae developing within ripening soft-skin fruit. Currently, larval detection in fruit is limited to destructive methods and post-harvest control strategies heavily rely on the use of chemicals or cold to inhibit egg eclosion and larval growth. Feeding larvae are likely to induce substrate-borne vibrations in the berry that could be exploited as cues by predators or to develop a non-invasive pest detection method, an approach previously applied on leaves and wooden structures, but never on fresh fruit. We used a laser vibrometer to detect and characterize the incidental vibrations produced by D. suzukii larvae within fresh blueberries at five different pest age (48, 96, 168, 216 and 264 h). An innovative statistical analysis was performed to assess if infestation level (number of pupae) and pest age (hours after exposure) affect the spectrum and the amplitude of vibrations. The recordings of infested berries were characterized by the presence of a series of broad-band pulses (frequency range 0.1–2 kHz) without a regular temporal pattern, in an amplitude range between 12.1 and 946 µm/s. Furthermore, the analysis revealed the possibility to distinguish between different pest ages and infestation levels. By a spectral analysis of the recordings, the pest ages can be distinguished among each other, but for the age groups at 168 and 216 h after infestation. The vibration amplitude trend gradually increased up to 168–216 h after infestation, and then decreased until fly emergence. Low-infested blueberries showed a faster D. suzukii development time compared to high-infested blueberries. This was reflected into vibrational recordings, as low-infested blueberries exhibited peak amplitude at earlier stage compared to high-infested ones. Results suggest that D. suzukii larvae induce detectable vibrations by feeding within berries that are dependent on infestation level and pest age. We discuss the possible ecological role of such vibrations as cues for unintended receivers, such as predators and parasitoids, and their potential for innovative infestation detection methods.
The Role of Forebody Topology on Aerodynamics and Aeroacoustics Characteristics of Squareback Vehicles using Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA)
Authors: Viswanathan Harish , Chode Kushal Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of forebody configuration on aerodynamic noise generation and radiation in standard squareback vehicles, employing a hybrid computational aeroacoustics approach. Initially, a widely used standard squareback body is employed to establish grid-independent solutions and validate the applied methodology against previously published experimental data. Six distinct configurations are examined, consisting of three bodies with A-pillars and three without A-pillars. Throughout these configurations, the reference area, length, and height remain consistent, while systematic alterations to the forebody are implemented. The findings reveal that changes in the forebody design exert a substantial influence on both the overall aerodynamics and aeroacoustics performance of the vehicle. Notably, bodies without A-pillars exhibit a significant reduction in downforce compared to their A-pillar counterparts. For all configurations, the flow characteristics around the side-view mirror and the side window exhibit an asymmetrical horseshoe vortex with high-intensity pressure fluctuations, primarily within the confines of this vortex and the mirror wake. Side windows on bodies with A-pillars experience more pronounced pressure fluctuations, rendering these configurations distinctly impactful in terms of radiated noise. However, despite forebody-induced variations in pressure fluctuations impacting the side window and side-view mirror, the fundamental structure of the radiated noise remains relatively consistent. The noise pattern transitions from a cardioid-like shape to a monopole-like pattern as the probing distance from the vehicle increases.
Triggered Abuse: How and Why Leaders with Narcissistic Rivalry React to Follower Deviance
Authors: Gauglitz Iris K. , Schyns Birgit 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrevious research has shown that leaders’ narcissistic rivalry is positively associated with abusive supervision. However, it remains unclear when and how leaders high in narcissistic rivalry show abusive supervision. Building on trait activation theory and the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Concept (NARC), we assumed that leaders high in narcissistic rivalry particularly show abusive supervision in reaction to follower workplace deviance due to their tendency to devaluate others. We argued that leaders’ injury initiation motives explain why leaders high in narcissistic rivalry react with abusive supervision when experiencing organization-directed or supervisor-directed deviance. However, this should not be the case for coworker-directed deviance, as leaders high in narcissistic rivalry are less likely to find such behavior violates their internal norms. We conducted two studies. In the first study, we provided participants with experimental vignettes of follower workplace deviance. In the second study, we used a mixed-methods approach and investigated leaders’ autobiographical recollections of follower workplace deviance. We found a positive direct effect of leaders’ narcissistic rivalry across both studies. Leaders high in narcissistic rivalry showed abusive supervision (intentions) in response to organization-directed deviance (Studies 1 and 2) or supervisor-directed deviance (Study 1), but not in response to coworker-directed deviance (Studies 1 and 2). Leaders’ injury initiation motives could in part explain this effect. We discuss findings in light of the NARC and devaluation of others and derive implications for theory and practice.
Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde Using Carbon Dots Reduced Palladium Nanoparticles
Authors: Magubane Alice , Gangatharan Prakash M. , Mente Pumza , Phaahlamohlaka Tumelo N. , Maubane-Nkadimeng Manoko S. , Lee Michael , O’Connell Jacques , Coville Neil J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) with a size range of 0.2 to 2 nm were prepared using a hydrothermal treatment of sucrose and oleic acid. The as-synthesized CDs were used to reduce H2PdCl4 to metallic Pd nanoparticles with dPd = 9.3 ± 3.7 nm, as confirmed by PXRD and HRTEM data. Pd particles were made to be larger than the CDs, to observe any inverse support effects, however, TEM data revealed that the CDs were transformed to carbon sheets in the reduction reaction at 100 °C. The synthesized Pd-CDs catalysts (0.81 wt. % loading) and CDs were both tested for the liquid phase hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde. The influence of mass, temperature, and hydrogen flow rate on the activity and selectivity of the CDs and Pd-CDs catalyst on the hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde was investigated. The CDs gave a cinnamaldehyde conversion (40%, 4 h) with selectivity towards the reduction of the C = O bond (cinnamyl alcohol) while the Pd-carbon catalyst was only selective to the reduction of the C = C bond (conversion 78%) indicating the dominance of Pd in the reaction. Post analysis of the deactivated catalysts indicated formation of carbon sheets and sintering of the Pd nanoparticles. It is thus shown that the presence of Pd induces the CDs to carbon sheet formation and thus indicates the limited use of CDs as a support for the olefin hydrogenation reaction with the CDs produced carbon support. This finding has implications for other studies using CDs as supports.
Graphical abstract
Early childhood pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards digital technologies and their relation to digital competence
Authors: Merjovaara Olli , Eklund Kenneth , Nousiainen Tuula , Karjalainen Satu , Koivula Merja , Mykkänen Arttu , Hämäläinen Raija 
Published: January 2024

Abstract This study examines early childhood pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards digital technologies and their relations to their self-perceived digital competence. Attitudes towards digital technologies were divided into core attitudes: general attitudes towards digital technologies; attitudes towards educational use of digital technologies; and perceived ease of digital technology use. Technological knowledge [TK] and technological content knowledge [TCK] dimensions of the TPACK framework were used to assess pre-service teachers’ self-perceived digital competence. Two structural equation models, a correlated-traits model and a second-order factor model, were used to analyse the relations between attitudes and digital competence. Based on the results, the early childhood pre-service teachers held positive attitudes towards digital technologies. Both models fit the data well, but the correlated-traits model explained a larger portion of variance in competence measures. Moreover, this model provided a more fine-grained picture of the associations between attitudes and competence. The general attitudes towards digital technologies and perceived ease of digital technology use were related to both TK and TCK, whereas attitudes towards educational use of digital technologies were not. Therefore, the correlated-traits model was viewed as better at describing the relations between attitudes towards digital technologies and digital competence. The study contributes to the development of teacher education. Instead of considering the current generation of pre-service teachers as a homogeneous group, this study aims to understand how they differ in their attitudes and how they perceive their own competence to use digital technologies.
Nrat: towards adversarial training with inherent label noise
Authors: Chen Zhen , Wang Fu , Mu Ronghui , Xu Peipei , Huang Xiaowei , Ruan Wenjie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdversarial training (AT) has been widely recognized as the most effective defense approach against adversarial attacks on deep neural networks and it is formulated as a min-max optimization. Most AT algorithms are geared towards research-oriented datasets such as MNIST, CIFAR10, etc., where the labels are generally correct. However, noisy labels, e.g., mislabelling, are inevitable in real-world datasets. In this paper, we investigate AT with inherent label noise, where the training dataset itself contains mislabeled samples. We first empirically show that the performance of AT typically degrades as the label noise rate increases. Then, we propose a Noisy-Robust Adversarial Training (NRAT) algorithm, which leverages the recent advancements in learning with noisy labels to enhance the performance of AT in the presence of label noise. For experimental comparison, we consider two essential metrics in AT: (i) trade-off between natural and robust accuracy; (ii) robust overfitting. Our experiments show that NRAT’s performance is on par with, or better than, the state-of-the-art AT methods on both evaluation metrics. Our code is publicly available at: https://github.com/TrustAI/NRAT.
Prenatal Exposure to COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 Induces Autism-Like Behaviors in Male Neonatal Rats: Insights into WNT and BDNF Signaling Perturbations
Authors: Erdogan Mumin Alper , Gurbuz Orkun , Bozkurt Mehmet Fatih , Erbas Oytun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed the swift development and distribution of mRNA vaccines, including BNT162b2, to address the disease. Concerns have arisen about the potential neurodevelopmental implications of these vaccines, especially in susceptible groups such as pregnant women and their offspring. This study aimed to investigate the gene expression of WNT, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, specific cytokines, m-TOR expression, neuropathology, and autism-related neurobehavioral outcomes in a rat model. Pregnant rats received the COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine during gestation. Subsequent evaluations on male and female offspring included autism-like behaviors, neuronal counts, and motor performance. Molecular techniques were applied to quantify WNT and m-TOR gene expressions, BDNF levels, and specific cytokines in brain tissue samples. The findings were then contextualized within the extant literature to identify potential mechanisms. Our findings reveal that the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine significantly alters WNT gene expression and BDNF levels in both male and female rats, suggesting a profound impact on key neurodevelopmental pathways. Notably, male rats exhibited pronounced autism-like behaviors, characterized by a marked reduction in social interaction and repetitive patterns of behavior. Furthermore, there was a substantial decrease in neuronal counts in critical brain regions, indicating potential neurodegeneration or altered neurodevelopment. Male rats also demonstrated impaired motor performance, evidenced by reduced coordination and agility. Our research provides insights into the effects of the COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine on WNT gene expression, BDNF levels, and certain neurodevelopmental markers in a rat model. More extensive studies are needed to confirm these observations in humans and to explore the exact mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of the risks and rewards of COVID-19 vaccination, especially during pregnancy, remains essential.
Country names in journal titles: shaping researchers’ perception of journals quality
Authors: Jamali Hamid R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNumerous academic journals incorporate geographic names, including countries and regions, in their titles. This practice is not uniform, as some journals opt to internationalise by omitting these affiliations. To gauge the impact of country names in journal titles on researchers' perceptions of journal quality, 408 researchers in sociology, psychology, environmental sciences, and physical chemistry in Brazil, Canada, Germany, Malaysia, Nigeria, and the USA were surveyed. The study reveals that most researchers believe that a journal's association with a specific country influences their perception of its quality (74.6%) and international readership (76.8%). Consequently, researchers tend to avoid journals with country-specific titles, suspecting limited readership or a predominant focus on papers from that country. However, exceptions exist, primarily in terms of perception, especially for American journals, which are often perceived as indistinguishable from mainstream international journals. Disciplinary variations emerge, with subject matter influencing perceptions. Subjects such as sociology, closely tied to local and national issues, exhibit a more (compared to e.g., chemistry) significant tendency toward recognising national journals. The inclusion of the term "international" in journal titles elicits mixed opinions, with some associating it with low quality or predatory journals, a perception that stems from the proliferation of predatory journals in some Asian and African countries. This study offers insight into researchers’ preferences and underscores the important role of journal titles in shaping researchers' perceptions of journals’ scope, quality and readership. In a challenging metric-driven research and publishing landscape, it is important to strike a balance between internationalisation and fostering diversity in scholarly journal publishing.