bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can artificial intelligence algorithms recognize knee arthroplasty implants from X-ray radiographs?
Authors: GÖLGELİOĞLU Fatih , AŞKIN Aydoğan , GÜNDOĞDU Mehmet Cihat , UZUN Mehmet Fatih , DEDETÜRK Bige Kağan , YALIN Mustafa 
Published: December 2023

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning approach to accurately identify total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implants from X-ray radiographs.
Methods: This retrospective study employed a deep learning CNN system to analyze pre-revision and post-operative knee X-rays from TKA patients. We excluded cases involving unicondylar and revision knee replacements, as well as low-quality or unavailable X-ray images and those with other implants. Ten cruciate-retaining TKA replacement models were assessed from various manufacturers. The training set comprised 69% of the data, with the remaining 31% in the test set, augmented due to limited images. Evaluation metrics included accuracy and F1 score, and we developed the software in Python using the TensorFlow library for the CNN method. A computer scientist with AI expertise managed data processing and testing, calculating specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy to assess CNN performance.
Results: In this study, a total of 282 AP and lateral X-rays from 141 patients were examined, encompassing 10 distinct knee prosthesis models from various manufacturers, each with varying X-ray counts. The CNN technique exhibited flawless accuracy, achieving a 100% identification rate for both the manufacturer and model of TKA across all 10 different models. Furthermore, the CNN method demonstrated exceptional specificity and sensitivity, consistently reaching 100% for each individual implant model.
Conclusion: This study underscores the impressive capacity of deep learning AI algorithms to precisely identify knee arthroplasty implants from X-ray radiographs. It highlights AI’s ability to detect subtle changes imperceptible to humans, execute precise computations, and handle extensive data. The accurate recognition of knee replacement implants using AI algorithms prior to revision surgeries promises to enhance procedure efficiency and outcomes.
Improving the performance of EM and K-means algorithms for breast lesion segmentation
Authors: MUTLU Fuldem , GÜL Sevda 
Published: December 2023

Aims: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and accounts for a large portion of cancer-related deaths. As in the other types of cancer, the prevention and early diagnosis of breast cancer gain importance day after day. For this purpose, the artificial intelligence-based decision support systems become popular in recent years. In this study, an automatic breast lesion segmentation process is proposed to detect breast lesions in the images taken with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol.
Methods: Two most popular segmentation methods: expectation maximization (EM) and K-means algorithms are used to determine the region of breast lesions. Furthermore, superpixel based fuzzy C-means (SPFCM) algorithm is applied after EM and K-means methods to improve the lesion segmentation performance.
Results: The proposed methods are evaluated on the private database constructed by the authors with ethical permission. The performances of the utilized methods are analyzed by comparing the lesion areas determined by a radiologist (ground-truth) and areas that are achieved by automatic segmentation algorithms.
Conclusion: Dice coefficient, Jaccard index (JI), and area under curve (AUC) metrics are calculated for performance comparison. According to the simulation results, EM, K-means, EM+SPFCM, and K-means+SPFCM methods provides good segmentation performance on breast MRI database. The best segmentation results are obtained by using EM+SPFCM hybrid method. The results of the EM+SPFCM method are 0,8711, 0,8979, and 0,9981 for JI, Dice, and AUC, respectively.
Computed Rotational Collision Rate Coefficients for Recently Detected
Anionic Cyanopolyynes
Authors: González-Sánchez L. , Veselinova A. , Martín Santa Daría A. , Yurtsever E. , Biswas R. , Giri K. , Sathyamurthy N. , Lourderaj U. , Wester R. , Gianturco F. A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We report new results from quantum calculations of energy-transfer processes
taking place in interstellar environments and involving two newly observed
molecular species: C5N− and C7N− in
collision with He atoms and p–H2 molecules. These species are part of
the anionic molecular chains labeled as cyanopolyynes, which have been observed
over the years in molecule-rich circumstellar envelopes and in molecular clouds.
In the present work, we first carry out new ab initio calculations for the
C7N− interaction potential with He atoms and then
obtain state-to-state rotationally inelastic cross sections and rate
coefficients involving the same transitions, which have been observed
experimentally by emission in the interstellar medium (ISM) from both of these
linear species. For the C5N−/He system, we extend the
calculations already published in Biwas et al. to compare more directly the two
molecular anions. We extend further the quantum calculations by also computing
in this work collision rate coefficients for the hydrogen molecule interacting
with C5N−, using our previously computed interaction
potential. Additionally, we obtain the same rate coefficients for the
C7N−/H2 system by using a scaling procedure
that makes use of the new C7N−/He rate coefficients, as
discussed in detail in the present paper. Their significance in affecting
internal state populations in ISM environments where the anionic cyanopolyynes
have been found is analyzed by using the concept of critical density indicators.
Finally, similarities and differences between such species and the comparative
efficiency of their collision rate coefficients are discussed. These new
calculations suggest that, at least for the case of these longer chains, the
rotational populations could reach local thermal equilibrium conditions within
their observational environments.
CO Mapping of Cygnus-X—Volume Density Distribution
Authors: Baade Jonah C. , Kong Shuo , Bieging John H. , Folkers Thomas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present CO(2-1) and 13CO(2-1) maps of the Cygnus-X molecular cloud complex using the 10 m Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope. The maps cover the southern portion of the complex, which is strongly impacted by the feedback from the Cygnus OB2 association. Combining CO(1-0) and 13CO(1-0) maps from the Nobeyama 45 m Cygnus-X CO Survey, we carry out a multitransition molecular line analysis with RADEX and derive the volume density of velocity-coherent gas components. We select those components with a column density in the power-law tail part of the column density probability distribution function (N-PDF) and assemble their volume density into a volume density PDF (ρ-PDF). The ρ-PDF exhibits a power-law shape in the range of 104.5 cm−3

≲

n

H

2

≲

105.5 cm−3 with a fitted slope of α = −1.12 ± 0.05. The slope is shallower than what is predicted by simulations of rotationally supported structures or those undergoing gravitational collapse. Applying the same analysis to synthetic observations with feedback may help identify the cause of the shallow slope. The ρ-PDF provides another useful benchmark for testing models of molecular cloud formation and evolution.
Velocity-space Signatures of Resonant Energy Transfer between Whistler Waves and Electrons in the Earth’s Magnetosheath
Authors: Jiang Wence , Verscharen Daniel , Jeong Seong-Yeop , Li Hui , Klein Kristopher G. , Owen Christopher J. , Wang Chi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Wave–particle interactions play a crucial role in transferring energy between electromagnetic fields and charged particles in space and astrophysical plasmas. Despite the prevalence of different electromagnetic waves in space, there is still a lack of understanding of fundamental aspects of wave–particle interactions, particularly in terms of energy flow and velocity-space characteristics. In this study, we combine a novel quasilinear model with observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission to reveal the signatures of resonant interactions between electrons and whistler waves in magnetic holes, which are coherent structures often found in the Earth’s magnetosheath. We investigate the energy transfer rates and velocity-space characteristics associated with Landau and cyclotron resonances between electrons and slightly oblique propagating whistler waves. In the case of our observed magnetic hole, the loss of electron kinetic energy primarily contributes to the growth of whistler waves through the n = −1 cyclotron resonance, where n is the order of the resonance expansion in linear Vlasov–Maxwell theory. The excitation of whistler waves leads to a reduction of the temperature anisotropy and parallel heating of the electrons. Our study offers a new and self-consistent understanding of resonant energy transfer in turbulent plasmas.
Prevalence, risk factors and types of dermatoses among food handlers in Batticaloa MOH area
Authors: Fernando G.M.O. , Thamilvannan N. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Batticaloa is the capital city of Batticaloa District situated in Eastern Province of Sri Lanka, which harbors various ethnic groups with different religious backgrounds. The ethnic and religious diversity of population is responsible for variety of food items and dishes unique to the area where demand for food has created a rapidly growing food industry. Food safety standards require all persons involved in handling food to be in perfect hygienic condition in order to prevent contamination with microorganisms and to offer a perfect product to the consumer.
Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among food handlers who were working in the most populated PHI regions of Batticaloa MOH area. All workers were interviewed and examined at their workplace and relevant further examination and investigations were carried out at the Skin Clinic, Teaching Hospital, Batticaloa.
Results: 69 (42.3%) out of the total 163 workers had occupational dermatoses (OD), and out of them physical injuries (thermal, cuts/ abrasions) was the commonest [22 (31.88%)]. Second commonest OD was paronychia and occupational contact dermatitis (OCD), which was found only among 12 (17.3%) workers. Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) was more prevalent (11.5%) than allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) (5.7%) among the workers with OCD. Both personal history of atopy and increased frequency of hand washing were positively correlated with the risk of developing OCD. Acne vulgaris was the commonest none occupational dermatoses (NOD).
Conclusions: Both personal history of atopy and increased frequency of hand washing were positively correlated with the risk of developing OCD. Physical injuries remained the commonest OD which may be contributed by lack of experience and substance abuse.
Clinicopathological and dermoscopic correlation of Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et coli in skin of color
Authors: Samarasinghe K.H. , Manchuthan B. , Gunasekera C.N. 
Published: December 2023

Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et coli (EFFC) is a rare disorder of follicular keratinization of unknown etiology, which is first described in 1960 by Kitamura. The disease is characterized by the triad of hyperpigmentation, erythema, and follicular papules1. As EFFC can be easily mistaken for other similar pigmentary, hyperkeratotic disorders, clinico pathological correlation with dermoscopic appearance are important in preventing diagnostic errors.
Herein we present correlation of clinicopathologic and dermoscopic appearance of EFFC in two Asian individuals.
Clinical audit on knowledge, practice and common mistakes in drug usage among psoriasis patients attending Dermatology Clinic at National Hospital Kandy
Authors: Chandraratne S.H. , Udagedara C. , Shopana G. 
Published: December 2023

Psoriasis is a chronic disease with several relapses which respond poorly in certain situations. Patients’ compliance and knowledge is poor regarding disease and treatment methods. Identification and correction of the defects in patient education and monitoring is very important in management of a disease like psoriasis.
We have studied the knowledge, practice and common mistakes in drug usage among 30 with psoriasis patients which showed a few mistakes which may have been prevented with prior planning. Patient information leaflet for psoriasis patients have been prepared to improve adherence and compliance of patients to the available treatment modalities. This will reduce unwanted side effects and complication related to the drug usage. Monitoring charts will facilitate clinicians’ ability to detect complications and drug side effects early.
Piense en…URTICARIA VASCULITIS
Authors: Gonella del Carril María de la Paz , Del Valle Argañaraz Fabiana Paola , Bazán Mariam Yisell 
Published: December 2023

La psoriasis es una dermatosis con implicancia inflamatoria en la que actúan factores inmunitarios, genéticos y distintos desencadenantes. En la psoriasis guttata, de mayor incidencia en niños, adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, se identifica con frecuencia una infección de la vía aérea superior, causada fundamentalmente por streptococcus pyogenes. Los pacientes no presentan antecedentes de psoriasis y tiende a resolverse en menos de un año.
Cursa con la aparición súbita, fundamentalmente en tronco y extremidades, de placas de pequeño tamaño, redondas u ovaladas, eritematosas, bien delimitadas, con escamas bien adheridas, asociadas a prurito.
Short and long-term safety and durability of PEG-J tube in jejunal levodopa infusion in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: TENLİK İlyas , ÖZTÜRK Ömer , ARI Derya , COŞKUN Orhan , KÖSEOĞLU Hasan Tankut , ALTIPARMAK Emin , SÜCÜLLÜ KARADAĞ Yeşim 
Published: December 2023

Aims: To investigate PEG-J related adverse events and tube durability in patients with Parkinson’s disease who underwent PEG-J procedure for jejunal drug infusion.
Methods: PEG-J implanted patients, who were planned jejunal levodopa infusion, were included in the study. The demographic characteristics of the patients, tube durability, tube replacement, reason for tube replacement, number of procedures, and adverse events related to procedures were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Thirty-four patients with a mean age of 65.7±9.8 years included in the study. The mean total PEG-J follow-up period of the patients was 33.6±21.1 months. Functions of PEG-J tubes were preserved in 82.5% at 6 months, 78.4% at 12 months, and 65.2% at 18 months. Twenty-one (% 61,8) patients required at least one PEG-J replacement. Of the PEG-J replacements, 90.4% were due to device-related advers events. A total of 29 procedure or stoma related adverse events occurred in 21 (61.8%) patients, and a total of 28 PEG-J tube related adverse events occurred in 19 (55.9%) patients. A total of 6 (17.5%) early procedure-related adverse events (acute abdomen and peritonitis, prolonged bleeding, stoma leakage, stoma infection) were observed, all occurring in the first 7 days. Twenty-three (67.6%) stoma-related late adverse events (stoma leakage, stoma infection, abscess) were detected. Two patients who developed peritonitis were successfully treated with conservative treatments.
Conclusion: PEG-J used for drug application is a safe method and can be used for a long time without the need for frequent replacement. Most of advers events can be managed with conservative treatments.
Development and progression of myopia in emmetropic children in Turkey
Authors: KAYA Pınar 
Published: December 2023

Aims: To investigate the development and progression of myopia in emmetrope school-aged children in Turkey.
Methods: This retrospective study included emmetrope children aged 6-18 who attended the ophthalmology clinic for regular eye and refractive examinations between 2010 and 2021. Individuals were examined at least twice for six months period. Myopia progression was calculated as the difference between the baseline and the last visit spherical equivalent refractive (SER) values. Individuals were further categorized to determine the age-specific myopia development and progression as 6-11, 12-16, and 17-18 age groups based on the school periods of the country. According to the change in SER values, individuals were classified into those who remain emmetrope and those who develop myopia.
Results: A total of 738 eyes of 369 children (222 female, 147 male) with a mean age of 9.4 ± 2.98 (6-18) years were included in the study. The mean follow-up time of patients was 45.62 ± 26.36 (6-130) months. The baseline mean SER value was -0.01 ± 0.10 D (range: -0.375 and +0.375) and -0.44 ± 0.8 (range: -5.00 and +0.375) at the final visit. The overall mean progression was -0.12 ± 0.25 D/year (range: -2.21 and +0.36). 234 eyes (31.75%) developed myopia, and annual SER change was -0.38 ± 0.31 D/year (p
Evaluation of attitudes, behaviors and knowledge levels of students functional foods
Authors: ARSLAN Nurgül , ALATAŞ Hacer 
Published: December 2023

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the knowledge level of students studying at a public university in Malatya, about functional foods, and to evaluate the factors affecting their attitudes and behaviors.
Material and methods: A total of 618 individuals, 363 women and 255 men, studying at universities in Malatya were included in the study. Research data were collected by face-to-face survey method. The questionnaire consists of questions about demographic characteristics, questions about eating habits, questions about general health, anthropometric measurements (body weight, height) and functional foods knowledge level and food preference scale sections. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program.
Results: The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 23.15±4.25 years. It was determined that 65.04% of the individuals had heard the term functional food before. It was determined that the YETBİD-Basic Nutritional Knowledge Scores were higher in females (54.66±8.85) than males (51.14±8.22) (p=0.031). Individuals' knowledge attitude scale confidence subheading score for functional foods was found to be higher in women (3.95±1.04) than in men (3.15±1.04) (p=0.044). It was observed that as the basic nutrition score increased in both women and men, the score of the attitude scale towards functional foods also increased. In the multiple regression, it was determined that the total score of the attitude scale towards functional foods was significantly affected by the variables of female gender, duration of education, basic nutrition score, and food preference score (p
Detailed analysis of elastofibroma dorsi cases detected incidentally on thorax CT
Authors: KÖKSAL Ali , TUĞTAĞ DEMİR Berin , ÇANKAL Fatih 
Published: December 2023

Aim: Elastofibroma dorsi (ED) is a benign pseudotumor detected by CT and/or MRI due to the penetration of fibrous and fatty tissues between the muscle structures and is more common in elderly people, especially in women, with subscapular topography. This study investigated the prevalence of elastofibroma dorsi in large series and CT findings.
Material and Methods: A total of 469 patients (212 women, 257 men) who underwent thoracic CT for various reasons were included in this study. The presence, dimensions, contour and density of ED were investigated in these patients.
Results: The mean age of 469 patients was 54.51±17.42 (18-88 years). Elastofibroma was detected in 15.4% (n=72) of these patients. It was determined that 69.9% (n=51) of the patients with ED were female, and the mean age of these patients was 63.21±15.72. ED was usually isodense in both sexes. Again, in both sexes, ED was more regularly contoured, and the fat planes between adjacent muscle structures were usually closed.
Conclusion: Additional studies are not required when the lesion is typical and asymptomatic on CT scans. However, surgical treatment may be recommended if the lesion is symptomatic or if doubt remains regarding the benign nature of the lesion.
Evaluation of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in recovered COVID-19 patients
Authors: DOĞAN Yasemin , TURUNÇ ÖZDEMIR Ayşe 
Published: December 2023

Aim: In our study, we aimed to evaluate the endothelial functions and hemogram parameters, which are considered as inflammation markers, in young people with a history of COVID-19 infection.
Methods: This prospective study included 109 recovered COVID-19 patients and 50 healthy controls. Demographic characteristics, laboratory values and flow-mediated vasodilation test (FMD) results of the groups were compared.
Results: Demographic and biochemistry parameters of the groups were similar. The calculated FMD values were significantly lower in the recovered COVID-19 patient group compared to the control group (8.66±3.31 vs 11.69±3.01; p= 0.001). While there was no difference between the groups in terms of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Platelet/Lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was found to be higher in the patient group with recovered COVID-19 patients (p = 0.02). In correlation analysis, there was a low moderate negative correlation between FMD and SII (r = -0.35, p=0.002).
Conclusion: FMD measurement and SII are simple, easily accessible parameters that can be useful in the early period to evaluate cardiovascular risks in the long term after COVID-19. There is a need for larger and multicenter studies on this subject.
Neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio: an independent predictor of infarct-related artery patency in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ Bekir , GÜVEN ÇETİN Zehra 
Published: December 2023

Aims: The definition of an infarct-related artery (IRA) is a coronary artery occluded by a thrombus or atheroma that causes ischemia during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Early patency of the IRA is the primary goal of treatment in patients with AMI. The neutrophil/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (NHR) has been recognized as a new inflammatory marker. We aimed to show the possible relationship between NHR and preprocedural IRA patency.
Methods: Four hundred patients were screened, and 318 were included in the study after exclusion criteria. IRA flow rate before the coronary procedure was determined according to the previously described thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI). TIMI current 0,1 and 2 patients were considered IRA non-patent, and TIMI-3 patients were considered IRA patent and were divided into two groups. Regression analysis was performed for possible parameters in predicting IRA patency, evaluated in univariable analysis, and those with p-value
Effect of bilateral cochlear implants on language development in children aged 2-7 years
Authors: KURT Ercan 
Published: December 2023

Aims: Pediatric patients with bilateral total sensorineural hearing loss have very poor or no language development compared to their peers. The hearing and language development of these patients is usually managed via cochlear implants (CIs).
Methods: This study examined the factors that affect the language development of children aged 24-84 months who have undergone CI surgery. The language development outcomes of patients with bilateral CIs and patients with unilateral CIs were compared. The participants were receiving regular hearing rehabilitation training and had undergone unilateral or bilateral CI surgery at various centers. Their language development was evaluated using the Turkish adaptation of the Test of Early Language Development-3 (TELD-3).
Results: The expressive language development of the patients with unilateral implants was delayed by 14.0±18.1 months, while the expressive language development of patients with bilateral implants was delayed by 2.8±8.7 months. This difference was statistically significant (p=0.025).
Conclusion: Although the levels of receptive language development of patients with bilateral and unilateral CIs were similar, the expressive language development of patients with bilateral CIs was better. We recommend that bilateral CI surgery be performed in a single session for patients with congenital bilateral total sensorineural hearing loss.