bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acoustic emission characteristics and energy evolution law of rock damage process of different pore structures under cyclic loading
Authors: Jiang Haowen , Dang Jiandong , Chen Gang , Wang Xiaojun , Li Kexi , Chen Zinan , Cao Shirong , Liu Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe AE and damage characteristics of three types of pore-structured rock under the same working conditions are studied by means of uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading tests. The results suggest that with repeated loading and unloading, AE ringing increases as a “jump”, and the denser the structure, the earlier the “jump” occurs. The AE cumulative energy shows a “step” upward trend, but there is a significant difference in the “step” spacing. By comparing the energy distribution of rocks with different pore structures, it can be seen that the smaller the porosity and the smaller the pore size, the greater the energy input and storage, and the earlier the internal failure. Compared with the other two energy-based damage calculation methods, the damage calculation method defined in this paper is closer to the true internal damage level of the rock loading cycle. The NSE value of the modified damage variable calculation method was significantly improved and it was shown that the dissipated energy before pore compaction is the main energy causing damage, after pore compaction the combined effects of dissipated energy and plastic deformation energy result in rock damage.
Immersion in nature enhances neural indices of executive attention
Authors: McDonnell Amy S. , Strayer David L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere is conjecture that our modern urban environments place high demand on our attentional resources, which can become depleted over time and cause mental fatigue. Natural environments, on the other hand, are thought to provide relief from this demand and allow our resources to be replenished. While these claims have been assessed with self-report and behavioral measures, there is limited understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying these attentional benefits. The present randomized controlled trial fills this gap in the literature by using electroencephalography to explore three aspects of attention—alerting, orienting, and executive control—from a behavioral and neural perspective. Participants (N = 92) completed the Attention Network Task before and after either a 40-min walk in nature or a 40-min walk in a control, urban environment. Participants that walked in nature reported their walk to be more restorative than those that walked in the urban environment. Furthermore, the nature group showed an enhanced error-related negativity after their walk, an event-related brain component that indexes executive control capacity, whereas the urban group did not. These findings demonstrate that a 40-min nature walk enhances executive control at a neural level, providing a potential neural mechanism for attention restoration in nature.
Impact of some inorganic anions on the corrosion of nickel in a solution containing Na2SO4 and NaClO4
Authors: Deyab M. A. , Alghamdi Majed M. , El-Zahhar Adel A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPotentiodynamic study was carried out on nickel in Na2SO4 solution in the presence of ClO4–, WO42–, MoO42–, NO2– and NO3– ions. The anodic excursion spans of the metal nickel in a solution of Na2SO4 are marked by the appearance of clearly defined anodic peak, passive region, and transpassive shoulder. According to the data, the anodic peak current density (IPAI) rise from 1.82 to 8.12 mA cm–2 as the concentration of the Na2SO4 solution rises from 0.2 to 1.0 M. It is clear that as scan rate increases, the IPAI rises reaching to 11.8 mA cm–2. The apparent activation energy of nickel corrosion in Na2SO4 is 33.25 kJ mol–1. ClO4– anion addition speeds up nickel’s active dissolution, as well tends to break down the passive layer, and causes pitting penetration. It was found that, the pitting potential (Epit) of nickel in solutions containing the two anions ClO4– and SO42– shifts to the positive direction by addition of WO42–, MoO42–, NO2– anions and shifts to the negative direction by addition NO3- anion. Epit increased by 0.67, 0.37 and 0.15 V in the presence of WO42–, MoO42– and NO2–, respectively. WO42– > MoO42– > NO2– was the order in which the inhibitors were most effective.
A Mendelian randomization study on the causal relationship between smoking, alcohol consumption, and the development of myopia and astigmatism
Authors: Wei Diyao , Wang Huanyan , Huang Ling , Hou Minghui , Liang Hong-Gang , Shi Xiang , Wei Xianghui , Li Jingrong , Gan Liuzhu , Lv Bi , Deng Jiabi , Qing Lulu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe influence of environmental factors like smoking and alcohol on myopia and astigmatism is controversial. However, due to ethical concerns, alternative study designs are urgently needed to assess causal inference, as mandatory exposure to cigarettes and alcohol is unethical. Following comprehensive screenings, 326 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to myopia and astigmatism were included in the dataset. To validate the causal association between exposures such as cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and coffee intake, and outcomes namely astigmatism and myopia, five regression models were employed. These models encompassed MR-Egger regression, random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median estimator (WME), weighted model, and simple model. The instrumental variables utilized in these analyses were the aforementioned SNPs. Apply Cochran’s Q test to determine heterogeneity of SNPs; if heterogeneity exists, focus on IVW model results. The IVW model showed a 1.379-fold increase in the risk of astigmatism (OR = 1.379, 95%CI 0.822~2.313, P = 0.224) and a 0.963-fold increase in the risk of myopia (OR = 0.963, 95%CI 0.666~1.393, P = 0.841) for each unit increase in smoking. For each unit increase in coffee intake, the risk of astigmatism increased 1.610-fold (OR = 1.610, 95%CI 0.444~5.835, P = 0.469) and the risk of myopia increased 0.788-fold (OR = 0.788, 95%CI 0.340~1.824, P = 0.578). For each additional unit of alcohol consumption, the risk of astigmatism increased by 0.763-fold (OR = 0.763, 95%CI 0.380~1.530, P = 0.446), and none of the differences were statistically significant. However, for each unit of alcohol consumption, the risk of myopia increased by 1.597 times, and the difference was statistically significant (OR = 1.597, 95%CI 1.023~2.493, P = 0.039). The findings indicate that alcohol consumption is a risk factor for myopia but smoking and coffee intake do not affect its development. Additionally, there is no association between smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee intake, and the risk of astigmatism.
Introducing a novel mean-reverting Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process based stochastic epidemic model
Authors: Nabati Parisa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe major objective of this paper is to examine a novel mean-reverting Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process-based stochastic SIRD model for transmission the epidemic disease that is a great crisis in numerous societies. For this purpose, the deterministic model is further converted into the stochastic form by allowing the infection rate satisfies the mean-reverting Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process to account the uncertainties involved in epidemic spread. At first using Lyapunov functions, the solution’s uniqueness and positivity will be demonstrated. Subsequently, the stochastic epidemic threshold $$\Re_{0}^{S}$$

ℜ

0

S

that controls the disease’s extinction and persistence in the mean is identified analytically. It has been established that when $$\Re_{0}^{S} < 1$$

ℜ

0

S

<
1

the disease will extinguish, whereas if $$\Re_{0}^{S} > 1$$

ℜ

0

S

>
1

the disease is persistent. At last, several numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the findings of the hypothetical investigation results. These simulations served to vividly illustrate and validate the implications derived from the hypothetical analysis.
Association between reduced muscle mass and poor prognosis of biliary sepsis
Authors: Chun Soh Yeon , Cho Young Soon , Kim Han Bit 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSepsis is a life-threatening disease, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the association between low muscle mass and the prognosis of patients with biliary sepsis, focusing on outcomes such as length of hospital stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital mortality. This retrospective, single-center, observational study included adult patients with biliary sepsis who visited the emergency department between January 2016 and December 2021. Low muscle mass was assessed using the psoas muscle index (PMI). Using computed tomography imaging, the area of both sides of the psoas muscle at the L3 level was measured, and the PMI, corrected by the patient’s height was calculated. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) admission, LOS, and 14-day mortality. A total of 745 patients were included in this study. Low muscle mass was defined as a PMI < 421 mm2/m2 for males and < 268 mm2/m2 for females with the lower quartile of PMI according to sex. The cohort was classified into sarcopenic (n = 189) and non-sarcopenic (n = 556) groups. There was a significant association between low muscle mass and in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 3.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–13.47; p < 0.001), while there was no significant association between low muscle mass and ICU admission. In addition, the median LOS in the sarcopenic group (10 [7–14] days) was significantly longer than the median (8 [6–11] days) in the non-sarcopenic group. Low muscle mass was significantly associated with clinical outcomes, particularly in-hospital mortality and LOS, in patients with biliary sepsis.
Charge-4e supercurrent in a two-dimensional InAs-Al superconductor-semiconductor heterostructure
Authors: Ciaccia Carlo , Haller Roy , Drachmann Asbjørn C. C. , Lindemann Tyler , Manfra Michael J. , Schrade Constantin , Schönenberger Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSuperconducting qubits with intrinsic noise protection offer a promising approach to improve the coherence of quantum information. Crucial to such protected qubits is the encoding of the logical quantum states into wavefunctions with disjoint support. Such encoding can be achieved by a Josephson element with an unusual charge-4e supercurrent emerging from the coherent transfer of pairs of Cooper-pairs. In this work, we demonstrate the controlled conversion of a conventional charge-2e dominated to a charge-4e dominated supercurrent in a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) consisting of gate-tunable planar Josephson junctions. We investigate the ac Josephson effect of the SQUID and measure a dominant photon emission at twice the fundamental Josephson frequency together with a doubling of the number of Shapiro steps, both consistent with the appearance of charge-4e supercurrent. Our results present a step towards protected superconducting qubits based on superconductor-semiconductor hybrid materials.
Ross Gyre variability modulates oceanic heat supply toward the West Antarctic continental shelf
Authors: Prend Channing J. , MacGilchrist Graeme A. , Manucharyan Georgy E. , Pang Rachel Q. , Moorman Ruth , Thompson Andrew F. , Griffies Stephen M. , Mazloff Matthew R. , Talley Lynne D. , Gille Sarah T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWest Antarctic Ice Sheet mass loss is a major source of uncertainty in sea level projections. The primary driver of this melting is oceanic heat from Circumpolar Deep Water originating offshore in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Yet, in assessing melt variability, open ocean processes have received considerably less attention than those governing cross-shelf exchange. Here, we use Lagrangian particle release experiments in an ocean model to investigate the pathways by which Circumpolar Deep Water moves toward the continental shelf across the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. We show that Ross Gyre expansion, linked to wind and sea ice variability, increases poleward heat transport along the gyre’s eastern limb and the relative fraction of transport toward the Amundsen Sea. Ross Gyre variability, therefore, influences oceanic heat supply toward the West Antarctic continental slope. Understanding remote controls on basal melt is necessary to predict the ice sheet response to anthropogenic forcing.
RhoGDI phosphorylation by PKC promotes its interaction with death receptor p75NTR to gate axon growth and neuron survival
Authors: Ramanujan Ajeena , Li Zhen , Ma Yanchen , Lin Zhi , Ibáñez Carlos F 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHow receptors juggle their interactions with multiple downstream effectors remains poorly understood. Here we show that the outcome of death receptor p75NTR signaling is determined through competition of effectors for interaction with its intracellular domain, in turn dictated by the nature of the ligand. While NGF induces release of RhoGDI through recruitment of RIP2, thus decreasing RhoA activity in favor of NFkB signaling, MAG induces PKC-mediated phosphorylation of the RhoGDI N-terminus, promoting its interaction with the juxtamembrane domain of p75NTR, disengaging RIP2, and enhancing RhoA activity in detriment of NF-kB. This results in stunted neurite outgrowth and apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons. If presented simultaneously, MAG prevails over NGF. The NMR solution structure of the complex between the RhoGDI N-terminus and p75NTR juxtamembrane domain reveals previously unknown structures of these proteins and clarifies the mechanism of p75NTR activation. These results show how ligand-directed competition between RIP2 and RhoGDI for p75NTR engagement determine axon growth and neuron survival. Similar principles are likely at work in other receptors engaging multiple effectors and signaling pathways.
Plasmon Bi/BiFeO3 heterojunctions for achieving optimized photothermal-photocatalytic performance
Authors: Wang Yuwei , Jiang Yongwang , Fan Liquan , Xu Kelin , Yue Ying , Jia Hongge , Li Zhenzi , Guo Liping , Zhou Wei 
Published: January 2024

The photocatalytic performance of plasmon Bi/BiFeO3 heterojunctions was evaluated by degrading organic pollutants under visible light.
Can digital economy truly improve agricultural ecological transformation? New insights from China
Authors: Hou Jian , Zhang Mengyao , Li Ye 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs the world’s biggest emitter of carbon, China’s agricultural carbon emissions account for 16 to 17%, with agriculture being the second largest contributor to carbon emissions. The development of the digital economy has brought profound changes to agricultural ecology. Therefore, we utilize China’s data experience to construct an agricultural ecological transformation system by setting up a Super-SBM model. Then, based on a dynamic panel threshold model, we explore the nonlinear impact mechanism of the digital economy on agricultural ecological transformation from a low-carbon innovation perspective. Our results reveal that the overall level of China’s agricultural ecological transformation is not high, but in the long-term posture, it represents a relatively steady upward trend, with a significant “wealth gap” between different regions. It is worth noting that there is a significant threshold effect of low-carbon innovation heterogeneity in the impact mechanism of digital economy on agricultural ecological transformation: under lower low-carbon innovation levels, the development of digital economy is unable to effectively promote agricultural ecological transformation. However, as the level of low-carbon technological innovation increases and exceeds the critical value, it stimulates the driving effect of digital economy to some extent, thereby promoting the improvement of agricultural ecological transformation, presenting a “U” shaped relationship. The paper has clarified the differential “new phenomena” in the process of promoting agricultural ecological transformation, providing new insights for achieving “carbon reduction and economic promotion” in developing countries.
Validation of critical soil-test phosphorus values from the Better Fertiliser Decisions for Pastures meta-analysis
Authors: Weaver David , Rogers David , Dobbe Eric , Summers Robert , Master Ronald , McFerran Robert , Mussell Graham , Mercy Justin , Dawson Luke , Lynch Kath 
Published: January 2024

Context Historical application of phosphorus (P) fertilisers has enabled grazing agriculture in south-west Western Australia but has led to excessive soil P levels that pose a eutrophication risk. However, adoption of critical soil-test P values for pastures determined from the Better Fertiliser Decisions for Pastures (BFDP) meta-analysis of historical Australian trials has been poor because of perceived lack of relevance to the soils and contemporary pasture species in the region. Aims We aimed to validate critical Colwell P values from the BFDP project for soils and contemporary pasture species of south-west Western Australia. Methods Fifty P-rate response trials were performed with contemporary pasture species, and the results compared with BFDP. Key results Trial results were consistent with BFDP and fell within 95% prediction intervals of response calibrations of Colwell P and relative yield pairs for different P buffering index (PBI) ranges. Soils with PBI <15 required lower critical Colwell P values. Responsiveness to P application was 8% (±4%), consistent with a 5% response expected for Colwell P levels supporting 95% relative yield. Application of nitrogen, potassium and sulfur significantly increased yield while increasing basal cover of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and reducing that of clover (Trifolium spp.) in the sward. Response calibration coefficients and critical Colwell P values before and after addition of the trial data to BFDP showed a strong correlation (r2 >0.99), although critical values were slightly lower for lower soil PBI. Conclusions Critical Colwell P values from BFDP are relevant and applicable to soils and contemporary pasture species of south-west Western Australia. Implications Agronomic advice and application of P should be based on interpretation of Colwell P values, with P applied only when levels are below the critical value. Pasture composition should also be considered when interpreting Colwell P values. This approach minimises risks of P loss and improves economic outcomes for growers.
Alterations of the gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids in women undergoing assisted reproduction
Authors: Wu Ni , Liu Jun , Sun Yu , Fan Xiaoxiao , Zang Tianzi , Richardson Brianna N. , Bai Jinbing , Xianyu Yunyan , Liu Yanqun 
Published: January 2024

Context The community structure of gut microbiota changes during pregnancy, which also affects the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, the distribution of gut microbiota composition and metabolite SCFA levels are poorly understood in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Aims To evaluate the changes in gut microbiota composition and metabolic SCFAs in women who received assisted reproduction treatment. Methods Sixty-three pregnant women with spontaneous pregnancy (SP) and nine with ART pregnancy were recruited to provide fecal samples. Gut microbiota abundance and SCFA levels were determined by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Key results The ART group showed decreased alpha diversity (the species richness or evenness in a sample). The principal coordinates analysis (a method of analysing beta diversity) showed significant difference in gut microbiota between the ART group versus the SP group (unweighted UniFrac distance, R2 = 0.04, P = 0.003). Proteobacteria, Blautia and Escherichia-Shigella were enriched in the ART group, whereas the relative abundance of beneficial intestinal bacteria Faecalibacterium was lower than in the SP group. Different modes of conception were associated with several SCFAs (valeric acid (r = −0.280; P = 0.017); isocaproic acid (r = −0.330; P = 0.005); caproic acid (r = −0.336; P = 0.004)). Significantly different SCFAs between the two groups were synchronously associated with the differential gut microbiota. Conclusions The diversity and abundance of gut microbiota and the levels of SCFAs in women undergoing ART decreased. Implications The application of ART shaped the microbial composition and metabolism, which may provide critical information for understanding the biological changes that occur in women with assisted reproduction.
Negotiating the value of rule of law through attitudinal positioning
Authors: Shi Chunxu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article examines how the value of rule of law is negotiated through public prosecutors’ attitudinal
positioning of themselves and defendants in courtroom discourse. A corpus-based analysis of 120 recent Chinese digital indictments
revealed that the evaluative stances of public prosecutors toward themselves invariably imply positive judgment of capacity and
legal propriety in their legal investigation, thus constructing a stable and authoritative image of law enforcers. Their attitudes
toward defendants are mainly negative judgments of both moral and legal propriety through various criminal actions, creating a
predominantly evil image of law violators with different personae. It is through these sharply different patterns of discourse
representation that public prosecutors tactically construct and negotiate attitudes toward crime and justice, thus establishing
mainstream judicial values during legal proceedings. This study may shed new light on the research of legal argumentation for
negotiating judicial values under the civil law system in this digital era.
Distributed measurement system calibration method with automatic networking mechanism
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Zhang Jiaying , Liu Qing , Li Jintong , Jia Kun , Lin Binfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a new method that balances accuracy and efficiency in the process of coordinate unification for distributed measurement systems. The method unifies the local coordinate systems of any two measuring units by installing a measuring point on the unit as a marker point and measuring the marker points between them in the working area, combined with the distance between the marker points. Moreover, it enables automatic networking of newly added or moved measurement units with the original measurement network, thereby further improving the efficiency of the dynamic measurements made using the system. The key factors affecting the accuracy of calibration achieved using this method were analysed via simulations. The results indicate that the accuracy of length measurement using the proposed methods is within 0.1 mm m−1 when the measurement units are distributed among the four corners of a rectangle with an area of 50 m2 or more. The experiments indicate that four measurement units calibrated using this method over an area of 35 m2 achieve an accuracy of within 0.2 mm m−1 and 0.1 mm standard deviations for length and three-dimensional coordinate measurements, respectively. Compared with traditional coordinate-unification methods, the proposed method simplifies the calibration process, improves the calibration efficiency by more than ten times, and significantly reduces the calibration time. It is universally applicable in the calibration of large-space distributed measurement systems.