bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studying highly nonlinear oscillators using the non-perturbative methodology
Authors: Moatimid Galal M. , Amer T. S. , Galal A. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to the growing concentration in the field of the nonlinear oscillators (NOSs), the present study aims to use the general He's frequency formula (HFF) to examine the analytical representations for particular kinds of strong NOSs. Three real-world examples are demonstrated by a variety of engineering and scientific disciplines. The new approach is evidently simple and requires less computation than the other perturbation techniques used in this field. The new methodology that is termed as the non-perturbative methodology (NPM) refers to this innovatory strategy, which merely transforms the nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) into a linear one. The method yields a new frequency that is equivalent to the linear ODE as well as a new damping term that may be produced. A thorough explanation of the NPM is offered for the reader's convenience. A numerical comparison utilizing the Mathematical Software (MS) is used to verify the theoretical results. The precise numeric and theoretical solutions exhibited excellent consistency. As is commonly recognized, when the restoration forces are in effect, all traditional perturbation procedures employ Taylor expansion to expand these forces and then reduce the complexity of the specified problem. This susceptibility no longer exists in the presence of the non-perturbative solution (NPS). Additionally, with the NPM, which was not achievable with older conventional approaches, one can scrutinize examining the problem's stability. The NPS is therefore a more reliable source when examining approximations of solutions for severe NOSs. In fact, the above two reasons create the novelty of the present approach. The NPS is also readily transferable for additional nonlinear issues, making it a useful tool in the fields of applied science and engineering, especially in the topic of the dynamical systems.
Dysregulations in hemostasis, metabolism, immune response, and angiogenesis in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome with and without postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: a multi-omic profiling study
Authors: Mahdi Ali , Zhao Allan , Fredengren Emelie , Fedorowski Artur , Braunschweig Frieder , Nygren-Bonnier Malin , Runold Michael , Bruchfeld Judith , Nickander Jannike , Deng Qiaolin , Checa Antonio , Desta Liyew , Pernow John , Ståhlberg Marcus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPost-acute COVID-19 (PACS) are associated with cardiovascular dysfunction, especially postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Patients with PACS, both in the absence or presence of POTS, exhibit a wide range of persisting symptoms long after the acute infection. Some of these symptoms may stem from alterations in cardiovascular homeostasis, but the exact mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to provide a broad molecular characterization of patients with PACS with (PACS + POTS) and without (PACS-POTS) POTS compared to healthy subjects, including a broad proteomic characterization with a focus on plasma cardiometabolic proteins, quantification of cytokines/chemokines and determination of plasma sphingolipid levels. Twenty-one healthy subjects without a prior COVID-19 infection (mean age 43 years, 95% females), 20 non-hospitalized patients with PACS + POTS (mean age 39 years, 95% females) and 22 non-hospitalized patients with PACS-POTS (mean age 44 years, 100% females) were studied. PACS patients were non-hospitalized and recruited ≈18 months after the acute infection. Cardiometabolic proteomic analyses revealed a dysregulation of ≈200 out of 700 analyzed proteins in both PACS groups vs. healthy subjects with the majority (> 90%) being upregulated. There was a large overlap (> 90%) with no major differences between the PACS groups. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed alterations in hemostasis/coagulation, metabolism, immune responses, and angiogenesis in PACS vs. healthy controls. Furthermore, 11 out of 33 cytokines/chemokines were significantly upregulated both in PACS + POTS and PACS-POTS vs. healthy controls and none of the cytokines were downregulated. There were no differences in between the PACS groups in the cytokine levels. Lastly, 16 and 19 out of 88 sphingolipids were significantly dysregulated in PACS + POTS and PACS-POTS, respectively, compared to controls with no differences between the groups. Collectively, these observations suggest a clear and distinct dysregulation in the proteome, cytokines/chemokines, and sphingolipid levels in PACS patients compared to healthy subjects without any clear signature associated with POTS. This enhances our understanding and might pave the way for future experimental and clinical investigations to elucidate and/or target resolution of inflammation and micro-clots and restore the hemostasis and immunity in PACS.
Myopia & painful muscle form of temporomandibular disorders: connections between vision, masticatory and cervical muscles activity and sensitivity and sleep quality
Authors: Zieliński Grzegorz , Matysik-Woźniak Anna , Baszczowski Michał , Rapa Maria , Ginszt Michał , Pająk Beata , Szkutnik Jacek , Rejdak Robert , Gawda Piotr 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of painful muscle form of temporomandibular disorders and myopia on the connections between the visual organ, the bioelectrical activity and sensitivity of the masticatory and cervical muscles, and sleep quality. Subjects were divided into 4 groups (Myopia & TMDs, Myopia (Without TMDs), Emmetropic & TMDs and Emmetropic (Without TMDs)). The study was conducted in the following order of assessment: examination for temporomandibular disorders, assessment of the muscle activity by electromyograph, pressure pain thresholds examination, ophthalmic examination and completion of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. It was observed that the Myopia & TMDs group had higher muscle tenderness, higher resting and lower functional muscle bioelectrical activity. The visual organ is clinical related to the masticatory and cervical muscles. TMDs and myopia alter masticatory and cervical muscle activity. The thickness of the choroid in people with myopia is related to muscle tenderness. TMDs and myopia impair sleep quality. It is recommended to determine the number of people with refractive error and its magnitude in the sEMG study in order to be able to replicate the research methodology.
Hypobaric hypoxia induces iron mobilization from liver and spleen and increases serum iron via activation of ghrelin/GHSR1a/MAPK signalling pathway in mice
Authors: Yang Wanping , Li Jiayan , Hu Jianan , Yuan Xiaoyu , Ding Jie , Jiang Hui , Wang Guohua , Luo Qianqian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure affects appetite and serum iron levels in both humans and animals. Thus, whether appetite-regulating ghrelin is involved in iron regulation under HH needs to be elucidated. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were placed in a hypobaric chamber to establish a 6000-m-high altitude exposure animal model. In vitro, mouse primary hepatocytes and peritoneal macrophages were exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) to examine the effects of ghrelin on iron-regulating proteins. HH obviously reduced the body weight of mice and significantly increased the levels of erythrocytes, and also significantly enhanced the levels of serum iron and plasma ghrelin. However, iron content in the liver and spleen was decreased, while ferroportin (Fpn) expression was increased. Moreover, ghrelin significantly induced Fpn and pERK expression in both hepatocytes and macrophages under hypoxia, which were reversed by pretreatment with growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a) antagonist or pERK inhibitor. Our findings indicated that HH leads to decreased appetite and insufficient dietary intake, which may negatively regulate the levels of ghrelin. Furthermore, GHSR1a/ERK signalling pathway is further activated to upregulate the expression of Fpn, and then promoting iron mobilization both in the liver/hepatocytes and spleen/macrophages in mice. Thus, these results revealed that ghrelin may be a potential iron regulatory hormone, and raised the possibility of ghrelin as a promising therapeutic target against iron disorders under HH.
Characterization of a fluorescence imaging probe that exploits metabolic dependency of ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Tsuchimochi Saki , Wada-Hiraike Osamu , Urano Yasuteru , Kukita Asako , Yamaguchi Kohei , Honjo Harunori , Taguchi Ayumi , Tanikawa Michihiro , Sone Kenbun , Mori-Uchino Mayuyo , Tsuruga Tetsushi , Oda Katsutoshi , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to clarify the metabolic dependence of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) by comparing normal tissues and to examine the applicability of fluorescence imaging probe to exploit these metabolic differences. Enhanced glutathione synthesis was supported by the increased uptake of related metabolites and elevated expression levels of genes. Accumulation of intracellular iron and lipid peroxide, induction of cell death by inhibition of the glutathione synthesis pathway indicated that ferroptosis was induced. The activation of γ-glutamyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green (gGlu-HMRG), a fluorescent imaging probe that recognizes γ-glutamyl transferase, which is essential for the synthesis of glutathione, was investigated in fresh-frozen surgical specimens. gGlu-HMRG detected extremely strong fluorescent signals in the tumor lesions of CCC patients, compared to normal ovaries or endometrium. These results revealed that CCC occurs in the stressful and unique environment of free radical-rich endometrioma, and that glutathione metabolism is enhanced as an adaptation to oxidative stress. Furthermore, a modality that exploits these metabolic differences would be useful for distinguishing between CCC and normal tissues.
The burden of colorectal cancer attributable to dietary risk in Middle East and North African from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Pasdar Yahya , Shadmani Fatemeh Khosravi , Fateh Hawal Lateef , Soleimani Davood , Hamzeh Behrooz , Ghalandari Mojtaba , Moloudpour Behrooz , Darbandi Mitra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the burden of CRC attributable to nutritional risk in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The GBD 2019 methods were used to estimate age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past three decades. We evaluated the 30-year trend in DALYs and mortality rates from nutrition-related risks of CRC, from 1990 to 2019 by sex and age groups in 21 countries in the MENA region. The rate of DALYs/100,000 due to diet-related risks for CRC in 2019 was 79.71 (95% UI: 56.79, 98.44) and 65.16 (95% UI: 45.86, 80.95) in men and women, respectively. The percent changes of DALYs/100,000 in men and women were 8.15% and 2.50%, respectively, between 1990 and 2019. The percent changes in ASMRs in men and women were 8.32% and 3.44%, respectively. The highest DALYs and ASMRs were observed in both sexes in the age group 75–79 years and above. The highest percent changes in DALYs/100,000 and ASMRs were observed between 1990 and 2019 in Afghanistan, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Yemen. DALYs and ASMRs attributed to dietary risk for CRC increased in 21 countries in the MENA region from 1990 to 2019. A modified diet with more fiber, dairy products and less red meat intake is a highly recommended strategy for prevention CRC.
Artificial intelligence-powered spatial analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes for prediction of prognosis in resected colon cancer
Authors: Lim Yoojoo , Choi Songji , Oh Hyeon Jeong , Kim Chanyoung , Song Sanghoon , Kim Sukjun , Song Heon , Park Seonwook , Kim Ji-Won , Kim Jin Won , Kim Jee Hyun , Kang Minsu , Kang Sung-Bum , Kim Duck-Woo , Oh Heung-Kwon , Lee Hye Seung , Lee Keun-Wook 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) have been suggested as an important prognostic marker in colorectal cancer, but assessment usually requires additional tissue processing and interpretational efforts. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical significance of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered spatial TIL analysis using only a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained whole-slide image (WSI) for the prediction of prognosis in stage II–III colon cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant therapy. In this retrospective study, we used Lunit SCOPE IO, an AI-powered H&E WSI analyzer, to assess intratumoral TIL (iTIL) and tumor-related stromal TIL (sTIL) densities from WSIs of 289 patients. The patients with confirmed recurrences had significantly lower sTIL densities (mean sTIL density 630.2/mm2 in cases with confirmed recurrence vs. 1021.3/mm2 in no recurrence, p < 0.001). Additionally, significantly higher recurrence rates were observed in patients having sTIL or iTIL in the lower quartile groups. Risk groups defined as high-risk (both iTIL and sTIL in the lowest quartile groups), low-risk (sTIL higher than the median), or intermediate-risk (not high- or low-risk) were predictive of recurrence and were independently associated with clinical outcomes after adjusting for other clinical factors. AI-powered TIL analysis can provide prognostic information in stage II/III colon cancer in a practical manner.
Omics data integration suggests a potential idiopathic Parkinson’s disease signature
Authors: Zagare Alise , Preciat German , Nickels Sarah. L. , Luo Xi , Monzel Anna S. , Gomez-Giro Gemma , Robertson Graham , Jaeger Christian , Sharif Jafar , Koseki Haruhiko , Diederich Nico J. , Glaab Enrico , Fleming Ronan M. T. , Schwamborn Jens C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe vast majority of Parkinson’s disease cases are idiopathic. Unclear etiology and multifactorial nature complicate the comprehension of disease pathogenesis. Identification of early transcriptomic and metabolic alterations consistent across different idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) patients might reveal the potential basis of increased dopaminergic neuron vulnerability and primary disease mechanisms. In this study, we combine systems biology and data integration approaches to identify differences in transcriptomic and metabolic signatures between IPD patient and healthy individual-derived midbrain neural precursor cells. Characterization of gene expression and metabolic modeling reveal pyruvate, several amino acid and lipid metabolism as the most dysregulated metabolic pathways in IPD neural precursors. Furthermore, we show that IPD neural precursors endure mitochondrial metabolism impairment and a reduced total NAD pool. Accordingly, we show that treatment with NAD precursors increases ATP yield hence demonstrating a potential to rescue early IPD-associated metabolic changes.
Identification of inhibitors targeting the energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters
Authors: Diamanti Eleonora , Souza Paulo C. T. , Setyawati Inda , Bousis Spyridon , Monjas Leticia , Swier Lotteke J.Y.M. , Shams Atanaz , Tsarenko Aleksei , Stanek Weronika K. , Jäger Manuel , Marrink Siewert J. , Slotboom Dirk J. , Hirsch Anna K. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters are a family of transmembrane proteins involved in the uptake of vitamins in a wide range of bacteria. Inhibition of the activity of these proteins could reduce the viability of pathogens that depend on vitamin uptake. The central role of vitamin transport in the metabolism of bacteria and absence from humans make the ECF transporters an attractive target for inhibition with selective chemical probes. Here, we report on the identification of a promising class of inhibitors of the ECF transporters. We used coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations on Lactobacillus delbrueckii ECF-FolT2 and ECF-PanT to profile the binding mode and mechanism of inhibition of this novel chemotype. The results corroborate the postulated mechanism of transport and pave the way for further drug-discovery efforts.
Chemical communication and its role in sexual selection across Animalia
Authors: Buchinger Tyler J. , Li Weiming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSexual selection has been studied as a major evolutionary driver of animal diversity for roughly 50 years. Much evidence indicates that competition for mates favors elaborate signaling traits. However, this evidence comes primarily from a few taxa, leaving sexual selection as a salient evolutionary force across Animalia largely untested. Here, we reviewed the evidence for sexual selection on communication across all animal phyla, classes, and orders with emphasis on chemoreception, the only sense shared across lifeforms. An exhaustive literature review documented evidence for sexual selection on chemosensory traits in 10 of 34 animal phyla and indications of sexual selection on chemosensory traits in an additional 13 phyla. Potential targets of sexual selection include structures and processes involved in production, delivery, and detection of chemical signals. Our review suggests sexual selection plays a widespread role in the evolution of communication and highlights the need for research that better reflects animal diversity.
Declining nutrient availability and metal pollution in the Red Sea
Authors: Cai Chunzhi , Huertas Antonio Delgado , Agusti Susana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReconstructing sediment accumulation rates reveals historical environmental shifts. We analyzed 15 element concentrations and accumulation rates in two Red Sea sediment cores over 500 years. Post-1870s, the South Red Sea experienced a significant drop in element accumulation rates, with a noticeable decline in nutrients like magnesium (−8.52%), organic carbon (−14.9%), nitrogen (−14.0%), phosphorus (−16.4%), sulfur (−17.2%), and calcium (−17.8%). This suggests a potential reduction in nutrient inflow from the Indian Ocean, possibly due to warming-induced ocean stratification. Conversely, the North Red Sea saw an increase in all element accumulation rates after the 1870s, highlighting a rise in trace elements such as iron (4.56%), cadmium (8.69%), vanadium (12.6%), zinc (13.8%), copper (14.4%), chromium (17.6%), and nickel (19.5%), indicative of increased anthropogenic coastal activities. We introduce the term “Cai-Agusti Marine Crisis Conflux” to encapsulate the escalating thermal stress, nutrient depletion, and elemental pollution in the Red Sea, underscoring potential risks to its ecosystems and global implications.
Unlocking Logical Fallacies: A Key to Building Critical Thinking Skills in Adolescents
Authors: Nippold Marilyn A. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this clinical focus article is to present an innovative language intervention program for adolescents that attempts to build critical thinking skills by addressing logical fallacies.

Method:

Fourteen logical fallacies that often occur in spoken and written discourse are defined and discussed. These include the
hasty generalization
, the
false dichotomy
,
equivocation
,
circular reasoning
, the
anecdote
, the
appeal to hypocrisy
, the
slippery slope
, the
appeal to ridicule
, the
red herring
, the
bandwagon
, the
false cause
, the
omission of evidence
, the
appeal to authority
, and
ad hominem
. The consequences of passively accepting biased, illogical, and inaccurate statements are highlighted, and ways to address these concerns are explained.

Results:
Given their expertise in spoken and written language development and disorders, speech-language pathologists, collaborating with classroom teachers, are well suited to teach adolescents with developmental language disorder or weak language skills how to unlock—or deconstruct—logical fallacies to reveal their hidden meaning. All of this can be achieved while addressing students' basic competencies in speaking, listening, reading, and writing—skills that are essential for well-informed and self-reliant thinking.

Conclusion:
In addition to helping students manage their own lives more successfully and to communicate more effectively, instruction in critical thinking by unlocking logical fallacies may help to increase levels of social justice in our institutions and daily interactions over time.
KI als Partner von Arzt und Patient in der Herzinsuffizienzversorgung
Authors: Steiner Bianca , Zippel-Schultz Bettina , Helms Thomas Maria 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungHerzinsuffizienz (HI) zählt zu den häufigsten chronischen Erkrankungen in Deutschland und
geht mit erheblichen gesellschaftlichen und finanziellen Belastungen einher. Die steigende
Anzahl an HI-Patienten mündet in einem Ungleichgewicht zwischen Bedarf an und zur Verfügung
stehenden Ressourcen. KI hat das Potenzial, sowohl Ärzte in ihrem medizinischen Handeln als
auch Patienten im Umgang mit ihrer Erkrankung zu unterstützen. Sie kann als Partner für Ärzte
und Patienten fungieren, indem sie bei der Entscheidungsfindung unterstützt sowie die
Effizienz und Produktivität der Ärzte steigert. Gleichzeitig erweitert sie das Wissen der
Patienten, stärkt den eigenverantwortlichen Umgang mit der HI und unterstützt
Verhaltensanpassungen. Weiterhin kann der überlegte Einsatz von KI die
Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung stärken. Allerdings zeigt sich auch weiterer Forschungsbedarf, um
Lösungen weiterzuentwickeln, Effektivität und Nutzen in der Gesundheitsversorgung aufzuzeigen
und Akzeptanz zu schaffen.
Flexible capacitive pressure sensor based on interdigital electrodes with porous microneedle arrays for physiological signal monitoring
Authors: Xu Jiahui , Wang Minghao , Jin Minyi , Shang Siyan , Ni Chuner , Hu Yili , Sun Xun , Xu Jun , Ji Bowen , Li Le , Cheng Yuhua , Wang Gaofeng 
Published: November 2023

Flexible pressure sensors have many potential applications in the monitoring of physiological signals because of their good biocompatibility and wearability. However, their relatively low sensitivity, linearity, and stability have hindered their large-scale commercial application. Herein, a flexible capacitive pressure sensor based on an interdigital electrode structure with two porous microneedle arrays (MNAs) is proposed. The porous substrate that constitutes the MNA is a mixed product of polydimethylsiloxane and NaHCO3. Due to its porous and interdigital structure, the maximum sensitivity (0.07 kPa−1) of a porous MNA-based pressure sensor was found to be seven times higher than that of an imporous MNA pressure sensor, and it was much greater than that of a flat pressure sensor without a porous MNA structure. Finite-element analysis showed that the interdigital MNA structure can greatly increase the strain and improve the sensitivity of the sensor. In addition, the porous MNA-based pressure sensor was found to have good stability over 1500 loading cycles as a result of its bilayer parylene-enhanced conductive electrode structure. Most importantly, it was found that the sensor could accurately monitor the motion of a finger, wrist joint, arm, face, abdomen, eye, and Adam’s apple. Furthermore, preliminary semantic recognition was achieved by monitoring the movement of the Adam’s apple. Finally, multiple pressure sensors were integrated into a 3 × 3 array to detect a spatial pressure distribution. Compared to the sensors reported in previous works, the interdigital electrode structure presented in this work improves sensitivity and stability by modifying the electrode layer rather than the dielectric layer.