bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selbstbild von Kinderärzten als Lehrende an Universitätskliniken in Deutschland
Authors: von Kleist-Retzow Jürgen-Christoph , Oberste-Frielinghaus Max , Pudritz Yvonne , Epstein Nurith , Bosse Hans-Martin , Grigull Lorenz , Lutz Thomas , Steinweg Bernhard , Tutdibi Erol , Fischer Martin R. 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Lehre in der Kinderheilkunde ist hinsichtlich ihrer Qualität und ihres Gelingens wesentlich von den individuellen Einstellungen der Lehrenden zur Lehre, von ihren Kenntnissen und ihrem individuellen Engagement abhängig. Nicht zuletzt mit dem Ziel einer kontinuierlichen Verbesserung der Ausbildungsqualität sollten diese Einstellungen stärker wahrgenommen und reflektiert werden.

Fragestellung und Methodik
Diese Arbeit untersucht das Selbstbild von Kinderärzt:innen als Lehrende an 6 deutschen Universitätskliniken, ihre Einstellung zur Lehre und ihre Erwartungen an die Lehre. Hierfür wurde ein Fragebogen zur „teacher identity“ (TI) erstmalig aus dem Amerikanischen ins Deutsche übersetzt und eingesetzt. Der Fragebogen zur TI setzt sich aus 9 Subskalen zusammen: i) globale TI, ii) intrinsische Befriedigung durch Lehre, iii) Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten, iv) Zugehörigkeit zu einer Gruppe von Lehrenden, v) Überzeugung, dass ein Mediziner immer ein Lehrender sein muss, vi) Verantwortlichkeit für Lehre, vii) Teilen klinischer Expertise, viii) Honorierung von Lehre und ix) Wünsche an die Lehre.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
252 Kolleg:innen haben an der Befragung teilgenommen. Es zeigten sich einerseits ein hohes Maß an Identifizierung mit der Lehre, aber ebenso auch Bereiche mit gewünschtem Verbesserungspotenzial. Männer zeigten höhere TI-Werte als Frauen. Eine angestrebte oder bereits eingeschlagene universitär-klinische Laufbahn korrelierte ebenfalls mit höheren TI-Werten. Es fanden sich keine Unterschiede zwischen den teilnehmenden Kliniken. Zusätzlich belegen Daten zur Lehrleistung und zu absolvierten Fortbildungen im Bereich der Lehre ein hohes Maß an Engagement der Kinder- und Jugendärzte:innen in der studentischen Lehre.
Scaling law of deep-sea trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosion
Authors: Yue Junzheng , Wu Xianqian , Huang Chenguang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the dynamic characteristics of deep-sea explosions is essential to improve the survivability and combat capability of deep-sea equipment. In this paper, by considering the practical underwater conditions, we investigated the mechanical effects of the deep-sea 1-kg-trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosion with charge depths ranging from 1 to 10 km through numerical simulation and dimensional analysis. The shock wave overpressure, the positive overpressure pulse, the bubble pulse, and the energy distribution for various depth explosions were analyzed systematically. The simulation results showed that the charge depth was negligible for the peak overpressure of the shock wave. However, the positive overpressure pulse, the shock wave energy, the maximum bubble radius, the bubble energy, and the bubble period decrease significantly with increasing the charge depth. Then, the dimensional analysis for deep-sea TNT explosion was performed to reveal the key dimensionless parameters, from which the scaling laws of the shock wave overpressure and the overpressure pulse were obtained. By fitting the simulation results, the dimensionless equations were proposed, providing an effective method for predicting the peak overpressure and the positive overpressure pulse of shock wave for underwater TNT explosion over a wide range of water depths.
The blocking effect in Vietnamese
Authors: Doan Quy Ngoc Thi , Reuland Eric , Everaert Martin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article explores a restriction on non-local binding in Vietnamese—the blocking effect—including a systematic comparison with its Mandarin Chinese counterpart. Our finding is that the blocking effect in Vietnamese appeared to be rather different from that in Mandarin but, in fact, employs essentially the same syntactic mechanism. While binding of Mandarin ziji is governed by a [+participant] feature, binding of the Vietnamese anaphor mình is governed by a [+author] feature. Together with the assumption of the presence of a silent performative frame, this derives that binding of Vietnamese mình yields what one may call an Author effect.
Source detection on graphs
Authors: Weber Tobias , Kaibel Volker , Sager Sebastian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSpreading processes on networks (graphs) have become ubiquitous in modern society with prominent examples such as infections, rumors, excitations, contaminations, or disturbances. Finding the source of such processes based on observations is important and difficult. We abstract the problem mathematically as an optimization problem on graphs. For the deterministic setting we make connections to the metric dimension of a graph and introduce the concept of spread resolving sets. For the stochastic setting we propose a new algorithm combining parameter estimation and experimental design. We discuss well-posedness of the algorithm and show encouraging numerical results on a benchmark library.
Operationalizing Primary Outcomes to Achieve Reach, Effectiveness, and Equity in Multilevel Interventions
Authors: Guastaferro Kate , Sheldrick R. Christopher , Strayhorn Jillian C. , Feinberg Emily 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen intervention scientists plan a clinical trial of an intervention, they select an outcome metric that operationalizes their definition of intervention success. The outcome metric that is selected has important implications for which interventions are eventually supported for implementation at scale and, therefore, what health benefits (including how much benefit and for whom) are experienced in a population. Particularly when an intervention is to be implemented in a population that experiences a health disparity, the outcome metric that is selected can also have implications for equity. Some outcome metrics risk exacerbating an existing health disparity, while others may decrease disparities for some but have less effect for the larger population. In this study, we use a computer to simulate implementation of a hypothetical multilevel, multicomponent intervention to highlight the tradeoffs that can occur between outcome metrics that reflect different operationalizations of intervention success. In particular, we highlight tradeoffs between overall mean population benefit and the distribution of health benefits in the population, which has direct implications for equity. We suggest that simulations like the one we present can be useful in the planning of a clinical trial for a multilevel and/or multicomponent intervention, since simulated implementation at scale can illustrate potential consequences of candidate operationalization of intervention success, such that unintended consequences for equity can be avoided.
Binge Drug Injection in a Cohort of People Who Inject Drugs in Montreal: Characterizing the Substances and Social Contexts Involved
Authors: Minoyan Nanor , Høj Stine Bordier , Jutras-Aswad Didier , Larney Sarah , Martel-Laferrière Valérie , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , Bruneau Julie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe describe binge drug injection in a longitudinal cohort study of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Montreal, Canada (eligibility: age ≥ 18, past-6-month injection drug use; follow-up: 3-monthly interviews). Bingeing was defined as injecting large quantities of drugs over a limited period, until participants ran out or were unable to continue, in the past 3 months. We recorded substances and circumstances typically involved in binge episodes. Eight hundred five participants (82% male, median age 41) provided 8158 observations (2011–2020). Thirty-six per cent reported bingeing throughout follow-up. Binges involved a diverse range of substances and social contexts. Cocaine was involved in a majority of recent binges (73% of visits). Injection of multiple drug classes (24% of visits) and use of non-injection drugs (63% of visits) were common, as were opioid injection (42%) and injecting alone (41%). Binge drug use may thus be an important yet overlooked trigger of overdose and other harms among PWID. This understudied high-risk behavior warrants further research and public health attention.
Advanced Immunolabeling Method for Optical Volumetric Imaging Reveals Dystrophic Neurites of Dopaminergic Neurons in Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Brain
Authors: Baek Soonbong , Jang Jaemyung , Jung Hyun Jin , Lee Hyeyoung , Choe Youngshik 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOptical brain clearing combined with immunolabeling is valuable for analyzing molecular tissue structures, including complex synaptic connectivity. However, the presence of aberrant lipid deposition due to aging and brain disorders poses a challenge for achieving antibody penetration throughout the entire brain volume. Herein, we present an efficient brain-wide immunolabeling method, the immuno-active clearing technique (iACT). The treatment of brain tissues with a zwitterionic detergent, specifically SB3-12, significantly enhanced tissue permeability by effectively mitigating lipid barriers. Notably, Quadrol treatment further refines the methodology by effectively eliminating residual detergents from cleared brain tissues, subsequently amplifying volumetric fluorescence signals. Employing iACT, we uncover disrupted axonal projections within the mesolimbic dopaminergic (DA) circuits in 5xFAD mice. Subsequent characterization of DA neural circuits in 5xFAD mice revealed proximal axonal swelling and misrouting of distal axonal compartments in proximity to amyloid-beta plaques. Importantly, these structural anomalies in DA axons correlate with a marked reduction in DA release within the nucleus accumbens. Collectively, our findings highlight the efficacy of optical volumetric imaging with iACT in resolving intricate structural alterations in deep brain neural circuits. Furthermore, we unveil the compromised integrity of DA pathways, contributing to the underlying neuropathology of Alzheimer’s disease. The iACT technique thus holds significant promise as a valuable asset for advancing our understanding of complex neurodegenerative disorders and may pave the way for targeted therapeutic interventions.
Graphical Abstract

The axonal projection of DA neurons in the septum and the NAc showed dystrophic phenotypes such as growth cone-like enlargement of the axonal terminus and aggregated neurites. Brain-wide imaging of structural defects in the neural circuits was facilitated with brain clearing and antibody penetration assisted with SB3-12 and Quadrol pre-treatment. The whole volumetric imaging process could be completed in a week with the robust iACT method. Created with https://www.biorender.com/.
The multi-dimensional perspectives of taboos on gender roles of fisherfolk in the Global South
Authors: Oloko Ayodele , Harper Sarah , Fakoya Kafayat , Sumaila U. Rashid 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the Global South, small-scale fisheries may be highly influenced by taboos and traditional beliefs that are believed to maintain fishing pressure within sustainable limits, maintain ecosystem balance and mitigate risks associated with work at sea. However, despite their potentially significant role in mediating human-resource interactions, limited attention has been given to taboos in the context of small-scale fisheries. Among the socio-cultural taboos shaping participation in and benefits from fisheries activities, gender-specific taboos are particularly significant. Thus, this paper explores the role of gender taboos in sustainable and equitable small-scale fisheries management in the Global South. It also identifies and assesses the quality and scientific rigor of the key themes from the literature. A systematic literature review was conducted to assess the state of knowledge on taboos and small-scale fisheries and situate the role of gender-specific taboos within small-scale fisheries governance. Over 100 relevant publications were obtained and categorised using scanning and selection methods. The main emerging themes from the literature review included traditional ecological knowledge and taboos, conservation and management taboos, and gender taboos. The findings highlight the significance of taboos in shaping gender dynamics, livelihoods, and food security within small-scale fisheries; however, there remain many gaps in understanding the role of taboos in mediating fishing activities and in maintaining gender inequalities in the fisheries sector. Without this knowledge, gender inequalities could be further exacerbated where taboos are used as a management tool without considering the gender dimensions. This study, therefore, seeks to fill this gap by providing insights for fisheries managers and practitioners for managing fisheries in a way that considers these socio-cultural factors that shape access to, control over and the benefits derived from fisheries.
Three Goals of States as They Seek Advisory Opinions from ITLOS
Authors: Lando Massimo 
Published: December 2023

In most international tribunals, states alone can submit requests for advisory opinions.1 This is also true of requests to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) sitting in plenary composition. The United Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)2 does not expressly confer advisory jurisdiction on ITLOS. In practice, the Tribunal's advisory jurisdiction is governed by Article 138 of its Rules of Procedure, under which international agreements can empower entities to request advisory opinions of the Tribunal. The process leading to the making of advisory requests to ITLOS includes the drafting of legal questions and is largely political.3 In this process, sponsoring states have three goals: first, get requests before ITLOS; second, ensure that requests are not thrown out on grounds of jurisdiction or discretion; third, mobilize the constituency having stakes in the requests. This essay explores each of these goals.
Clinical reasoning for performance of transesophageal echocardiography in veterans with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
Authors: Woods Emily C. , Nakasone Trisha S. M. , Renault Cybele A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study examined physicians’ reasoning about obtaining transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in cases of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). In 221 cases of SAB over 5 years, the most common reasons for not performing TEE were clinical response to antibiotics, negative TTE results, and the expectation that TEE would not change management.
Interesting and impressive: exploring design factors for product graphics interchange format to enhance engagement
Authors: Xiang Wei , Guo Tianhui , Gao Weiyue , Wang Xueyou , Lei Ziyue , Liu Xuanhui , Sun Lingyun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Product graphics interchange formats (GIFs) employ this format to show the features of the product and make up for the lack of physical experience online. These GIFs have been widely applied in domains such as e-shopping and social media, aiming to interest and impress viewers. Contrary to this wide application, most designers in this domain lack expertise and produce GIFs of varied quality. Moreover, the knowledge of techniques to enhance viewers’ engagement with product GIFs is also lacking. To bridge the gap, we conducted a series of studies. First, we collected and summarized seven design factors referring to existing literature and semi-structured interviews. Then, the impacts of these design factors were revealed through an online study with 106 product GIFs among 307 participants. The results showed that visual-related factors such as color contrast and moving intensity mainly impact viewers’ interest, while content-related factors such as scenario and style matching impact viewers’ impressions. The simplicity of GIFs also impressed viewers with a quick viewing mode. Finally, we conducted a workshop and verified that these results support large-scale production of product GIFs. Our studies might support the codesign methods of product GIFs and enhance their quality in design practice.
Dementia: A call for a paradigm shift in pre-registration nurse education
Authors: Tuffour Isaac , Ganga Griffin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Dementia is a progressive brain disorder that affects memory, thinking and behaviour. It is a major global public health concern, with an estimated 55 million people worldwide living with the condition. In the UK, there is an estimated 944,000 people with dementia. This number is expected to double by 2050. Dementia is a major cause of disability and dependency, and it places a significant burden on families and carers. The current level of dementia education in pre-registration nursing programmes in the UK is inadequate. There are no pre-registration nursing educational programmes that offer dementia as a speciality. This is a major concern, as nurses are the primary providers of care to people with dementia. This article argues that dementia should be established as a branch of pre-registration nursing education that leads to a Registered Nurse (RN) – Dementia. This could help to address the shortage of specialist dementia nurses in the country. This article provides an important suggestion for countries with a shortage of specialist dementia nurses to consider establishing a stand-alone pre-registration branch of dementia nurse education. This would result in a more specialised workforce with the skills and knowledge to provide high-quality care to people with dementia.
Con(s)ciencia antisistema en la poética de Lina Meruane
Authors: Requena Hidalgo Cora Lorena 
Published: December 2023

ResumenEl siguiente artículo propone una revisión de los presupuestos temáticos y estructurales utilizados en las novelas de Lina Meruane Las infantas (1998) y Fruta podrida (2007), desde una perspectiva socioliteraria basada en algunas ideas desarrolladas por Slavoj Žižek en sus distintos análisis sobre la violencia, la ideología y el poder. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es descubrir si, a modo de actualización, Fruta podrida supone una reformulación de las premisas antisistema que movilizan a los personajes en torno a puntos centrales en ambas novelas como las corporalidades, la marginalidad o el exceso escatológico, entre otros.
Transgression–regression cycles drive correlations in Ediacaran–Cambrian rock and fossil records
Authors: Segessenman Daniel C. , Peters Shanan E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStrata of the Ediacaran Period (635–538.8 Ma) yield the oldest known fossils of complex, macroscopic organisms in the geologic record. These “Ediacaran-type” macrofossils (known as the Ediacaran biota) first appear in mid-Ediacaran strata, experience an apparent decline through the terminal Ediacaran, and directly precede the Cambrian (538.8–485.4 Ma) radiation of animals. Existing hypotheses for the origin and demise of the Ediacaran biota include: changing oceanic redox states, biotic replacement by succeeding Cambrian-type fauna, and mass extinction driven by environmental change. Few studies frame trends in Ediacaran and Cambrian macroevolution from the perspective of the sedimentary rock record, despite well-documented Phanerozoic covariation of macroevolutionary patterns and sedimentary rock quantity. Here we present a quantitative analysis of North American Ediacaran–Cambrian rock and fossil records from Macrostrat and the Paleobiology Database. Marine sedimentary rock quantity increases nearly monotonically and by more than a factor of five from the latest Ediacaran to the late Cambrian. Ediacaran–Cambrian fossil quantities exhibit a comparable trajectory and have strong (rs > 0.8) positive correlations with marine sedimentary area and volume flux at multiple temporal resolutions. Even so, Ediacaran fossil quantities are dramatically reduced in comparison to the Cambrian when normalized by the quantity of preserved marine rock. Although aspects of these results are consistent with the expectations of a simple fossil preservation–induced sampling bias, together they suggest that transgression–regression and a large expansion of marine shelf environments coincided with the diversification of animals during a dramatic transition that is starkly evident in both the sedimentary rock and fossil records.
Pain Asymbolia is Not Pain
Authors: Griffith Trevor , Kind Adrian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe challenge the standard interpretation of pain asymbolia (PA), a neuropsychiatric condition that causes unusual reactions to pain stimuli. The standard interpretation asserts that PA subjects experience pain but lack important features of the experience. However, we argue that the clinical evidence for PA does not support this interpretation and that the arguments put forward by the defenders of the standard interpretation end up making self-contradicting claims. Finally, we suggest that the best interpretation of the available evidence is to take a deflationist stance toward PA, at least until further evidence becomes available.
Logbooks and Antarctic sealing. Approaching early- and late-19th-century exploitation strategies and their archaeological footprint
Authors: Salerno Melisa A. , Cruz María Jimena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the 19th century, sealing vessels visited the South Shetland Islands to exploit animal resources for the global skin and oil markets. The captains or mates of these vessels were responsible for keeping a logbook in which they recorded daily observations of weather conditions, hunting activities, etc. Despite the value of these documents as a source of information, archaeologists studying Antarctic sealing have not always relied on them. This paper examines the potential of logbooks for providing information that is relevant to the archaeological study of sealing in the South Shetland Islands. In particular, it discusses how documentary analysis of exploitation strategies can provide insight into the dynamics that influenced the configuration of sealers’ sites. To this end, we propose a methodology for investigating exploitation strategies, taking into account several archaeologically sensitive variables, including the number, location and duration of landings, as well as the activities carried out during these events. We have taken four logbooks dating from the early and late 19th century – specifically those of the Aurora (1820–1821), the Huron (1820–1822), the Thomas Hunt (1873–1874) and the Sarah W. Hunt (1887–1888) – as case studies to test the proposed methodology.