bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of anthropometric parameters on outcomes in Asians with metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Choi Kyu Yeon , Kim Tae Yeon , Chon Young Eun , Kim Mi Na , Lee Joo Ho , Hwang Seong Gyu , Lee Jiwoo , Kwak Mi Kyung , Hong Eun‐Gyoung , Choi Yun Mi , Ha Yeonjung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe examined the incidence and predictors of clinical outcomes in metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), focusing on anthropometric parameters.MethodsAdult patients with MAFLD were identified in nationwide databases and a hospital cohort. Primary endpoints were atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and advanced fibrosis. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to analyse the association between anthropometric parameters and endpoints.ResultsIn total, 4407 of 15 256 (28.9%) and 6274 of 25 784 subjects (24.3%) had MAFLD in the nationwide database; of these, 403 (9.2%) and 437 (7.0%) subjects were of lean/normal weight, respectively. Compared to the overweight/obese group, the lean/normal weight group had a significantly lower muscle mass (15.0 vs. 18.9 kg) and handgrip strength (31.9 vs. 35.1 kg) and had a higher ASCVD risk (9.0% vs. 6.3% and 15.9% vs. 8.5%; Ps < 0.001). Sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR], 6.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.79–24.80) and handgrip strength (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86–0.97; Ps = 0.005) were associated with the ASCVD risk in the lean/normal weight group. In a hospital cohort (n = 1363), the ASCVD risk was significantly higher in the lean/normal weight group than in the overweight/obese group (median follow‐up, 39.1 months). Muscle mass was inversely correlated with the ASCVD risk (hazard ratio [HR], 0.72; 95% CI, 0.56–0.94), while visceral adiposity was associated with advanced fibrosis (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.10–1.69; Ps < 0.05).ConclusionsMuscle mass/strength was significantly associated with the ASCVD risk in patients with MAFLD. Visceral adiposity was an independent predictor of advanced fibrosis.
The clinical value of combining shear wave elastography, VOCAL technique, and T2* MRI of early gestation placenta to predict pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Xie Chuanbo , Man Qin , Wan Xiaomei , Ding Yanyun , Li Min 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value of combining shear wave elastography (SWE) with the Volumetric Organ Computer‐Aided AnaLysis (VOCAL) technique and T2* magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict pre‐eclampsia (PE).MethodsFrom December 2022 to March 2023, we recruited 31 pregnant women diagnosed with PE at our hospital as the observation group and 85 normal pregnant women as the control group. Differences in placental elasticity, vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), vascularization flow index (VFI), and T2* MRI perfusion fraction (f) were compared between the two groups. Received operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of placental elasticity, VI, FI, VFI, f, and their combination for predicting PE.ResultsPlacental elasticity was higher in the observation group than in the control group, while VI, FI, VFI, and f were lower in the observation group (all p < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for placental elasticity, VI, FI, VFI, f, and their combination for predicting PE were 0.85, 0.77, 0.78, 0.84, 0.65, and 0.94, respectively. The sensitivity was 71%, 55%, 94%, 65%, 55%, and 81%. The specificity was 92%, 91%, 60%, 92%, 79%, and 98%. The combined prediction model had a higher AUC than the individual predictors (p < 0.05).ConclusionSWE combined with VOCAL technique and T2* MRI has high value for predicting PE and can provide reference information for clinical diagnosis.
Ear‐decompositions, minimally connected matroids and rigid graphs
Authors: Jordán Tibor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe prove that if the two‐dimensional rigidity matroid of a graph on at least seven vertices is connected, and is minimal with respect to this property, then has at most edges. This bound, which is best possible, extends Dirac's bound on the size of minimally 2‐connected graphs to dimension two. The bound also sharpens the general upper bound of Murty for the size of minimally connected matroids in the case when the matroid is a rigidity matroid of a graph. Our proofs rely on ear‐decompositions of connected matroids and on a new lower bound on the size of the largest circuit in a connected rigidity matroid, which may be of independent interest. We use these results to determine the tight upper bound on the number of edges in a minimally redundantly rigid graph in two dimensions. Furthermore, as an application of our proof methods, we give a new proof for Murty's theorem.
Feasibility of social network analysis to study outcomes of children with medical complexity
Authors: Coller Ryan J. , Green Harold D. , Kaminski Patrick C. , Howell Kristina , Alfaro Elena , Nelson Cassandra , Warner Gemma , Werner Nicole E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSince most care for children with medical complexity (CMC) is delivered daily in communities by multiple caregiving individuals, that is, caregiving networks, tools to assess and intervene across these networks are needed. This study evaluated the feasibility of applying social network analysis (SNA) to describe caregiving networks. Because hospitalization is among the most frequently used outcomes for CMC, exploratory correlations between network characteristics and CMC hospital use were evaluated. Within 3 weeks, the goal network enrollment was achieved, and all feasibility measures were favorable. Network characteristics correlated with hospital use, that is, smaller, denser networks, with more closed‐loop communication correlated with fewer hospital days. Networks with more professional caregivers also correlated with fewer hospital days. SNA is a feasible tool to study CMC caregiving networks. Preliminary data support rigorous hypothesis testing using SNA methods. Network‐based interventions to improve CMC health may be an important future direction.
The risk assessment of uveitis after COVID‐19 diagnosis: A multicenter population‐based study
Authors: Hsia Ning‐Yi , Hsu Alan Y. , Wang Yu‐Hsun , Li Jing‐Xing , Chen Huan‐Sheng , Wei James Cheng‐Chung , Lin Chun‐Ju , Tsai Yi‐Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReports on uveitis after COVID‐19 have been limited. Our objective was to examine the risk of uveitis among COVID‐19 patients. This was a retrospective cohort study based on the TriNetX platform. The exposure group was patients with positive laboratory test result for SARS‐CoV‐2 and the comparison group was those tested negative for COVID‐19 throughout the study period. The endpoint is the new diagnoses of uveitis. This study composed of 2 105 424 patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 (55.4% female; 62.5% white; mean age at index 40.7 years) and 2 105 424 patients (55.4% female; 62.4% white; mean age at index 40.7 years) who never had COVID‐19. There was significantly increased risk of new diagnosis of uveitis since the first month after diagnosis of COVID‐19 compared with matched controls (HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03–1.34) up to 24 months (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09–1.22). Our findings strengthen those previously raised by case series with a larger and multicenter study. We found that uveitis was significantly associated with COVID‐19 infection. Our findings reiterate the need for careful investigation as well as increased awareness from ophthalmologists in considering the possibility of COVID‐19 in vulnerable patients with new presentation of uveitis.
Identification of a new polyomavirus in distinct human populations and tissues
Authors: Torres Carolina , Correa Rita M. , Picconi María A. , Buck Christopher B. , Mbayed Viviana A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeveral human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) have been described in the last 15 years. This work aimed to characterize a novel HPyV with cutaneous tropism. Swabs of healthy skin (forehead) of 75 immunocompetent individuals from Argentina were screened for HPyV through sequence amplification techniques. Publicly available metagenomic data sets were also analyzed. A previously unknown polyomavirus sequence was detected in two skin swab samples. A nearly identical sequence was detected in public data sets representing metagenomic surveys of human skin and feces. Further analyses showed that the new polyomavirus diverges from its nearest relative, human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6), by 17.3%–17.7% (in nucleotides for the large T antigen), which meets criteria for a new species designation in the genus Deltapolyomavirus. The screening also revealed more distant HPyV6 relatives in macaque genital and chimpanzee fecal data sets. Since polyomaviruses are generally thought to cospeciate with mammalian hosts, the high degree of similarity to HPyV6 suggests the new polyomavirus species is human‐tropic. Therefore, a novel polyomavirus was identified and characterized from samples of distinct populations and tissues. We suggest the common name human polyomavirus 16 (HPyV16).
The interactions between patient preferences, expectancies, and stigma contribute to posttraumatic stress disorder treatment outcomes
Authors: Moring John C. , Peterson Alan L. , Straud Casey L. , Ortman Jordan , Mintz Jim , Young‐McCaughan Stacey , McGeary Cindy A. , McGeary Donald D. , Litz Brett T. , Macdonald Alexandra , Roache John D. , Resick Patricia A. , for the STRONG STAR Consortium  
Published: October 2023

AbstractCognitive processing therapy (CPT) is an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, some patients do not improve to the same extent as others. It is important to understand potential factors that can be modified for better patient outcomes. This clinical trial implemented a three‐arm, equipoise‐stratified randomization design to allow for the accommodation of patient preference before randomization to one of three CPT treatment modalities: in‐home, in‐office, or telehealth. This study examined whether satisfaction with the modality, perceived stigma, expectations of therapy, and credibility of the therapist differed between modalities and whether these factors impacted treatment outcomes. We hypothesized that the contributions of these variables would depend upon whether participants opted out of any treatment arms and that these factors would predict treatment outcomes. Participants who endorsed less perceived stigma demonstrated larger reductions in PTSD symptom severity than those with similar levels of perceived stigma in the telehealth and in‐office conditions, η2 = .12–.18. Participants who endorsed lower satisfaction with their treatment modality and were assigned to the in‐home condition experienced larger PTSD symptom reductions than those with similar dissatisfaction in the telehealth and in‐office conditions, η2 = .20. The results show the robustness of evidence‐based therapies for PTSD given that dissatisfaction did not impede treatment success. In addition, they demonstrate that it is important for clinicians to address stigma before initiating evidence‐based therapies for PTSD. Strategies to address these factors are discussed.
Fe‐modified biochar improved the stability of soil aggregates and organic carbon: Evidence from enzymatic activity and microbial composition
Authors: Chen Mengmeng , Wu Lipeng , Ding Xiaodong , Liu Lu , Li Yuyi , Fei Chao , Zhang Shirong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBiochar modifications are used to improve soil organic carbon (SOC) content, while its effects on soil structure stability and carbon (C) mineralization are less known especially in saline–alkaline soils. A 5 years field experiment was arranged with organic amendments addition in the Yellow River Delta, including (i) NPK, only 255, 56, and 190 kg ha−1 N, P, and K each year, (ii) RS, NPK + rice straw, (iii) BC, NPK + straw‐derived biochar, and (iv) FeBC, NPK + biochar modified with ferric chloride. Relative to NPK treatment, the mean weight diameter was significantly increased with organic amendments addition, which was the highest in FeBC treatment. Meanwhile, SOC content in the soil added with organic amendment was increased by 2%–18%. Compared with the RS and BC, FeBC addition increased the content of stable humin (HU), crystalline Fe oxides (Fed), and amorphous Fe oxides (Feo). There was a positive correlation between HU and Feo/Fed, indicating HU and Fe oxides might form organic mineral complexes to limit SOC biodegradation. While the mineralization rate of SOC in FeBC treatment was decreased by more than 30.4% than that in BC treatment. This might be due to the decrease of soil β‐glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase activities, as well as the abundance of Gammaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria. These results were the mechanism of soil enzyme activity and bacterial community regulating C stability. Therefore, Fe‐modified biochar is a better organic amendment to improve the stability of aggregates structure and SOC in saline–alkaline paddy soil.
A descriptive analysis of spontaneous reports of antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia and other extrapyramidal symptoms in the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database
Authors: Saga Yosuke , Chiang Chih‐Lin , Wakamatsu Akihide 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to summarize the spontaneous reports of tardive dyskinesia (TD) and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs) that occurred in Japan over the past decade.MethodsThe study analyzed TD and EPS cases reported in the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database between April 2011 and March 2021. The cases were stratified by the diagnoses of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and depressive disorders.ResultsIn total, 800 patients including a total of 171 TD cases and 682 EPS cases were reported in the JADER database across psychiatric diagnosis. The cases were caused by first‐generation antipsychotics (FGA, TD: n = 105, EPS: n = 245) and second‐generation antipsychotics (SGA, TD: n = 144, EPS: n = 598). The SGA were categorized based on Neuroscience‐based Nomenclature (NbN) regarding pharmacological domain and mode of action, which were reported evenly as the offending agents. Among reported treatment and outcome in TD cases (n = 67, 37.6%) and EPS cases (n = 405, 59.3%), the relatively limited number of TD cases were reported as recovered/improved was also limited (n = 32, 47.8%) compared to those of EPS cases (n = 266, 65.7%). Some cases still had residual symptoms or did not recover fully (TD: n = 21, 31.3%, EPS: n = 77, 19.0%).ConclusionTardive dyskinesia and EPS have been widely reported in Japan over the past decade across psychiatric diagnoses and antipsychotic classes.LimitationsIt is important to acknowledge the presence of reporting bias and the lack of comparators to accurately assess risks. Owing to the nature of spontaneous reporting, the estimation of prevalence is not feasible.
Intravenous iron for critically ill children. Comparison of three dose regimens
Authors: Butragueño‐Laiseca Laura , de la Mata Navazo Sara , Sánchez Galindo Amelia Caridad , Santiago Lozano María José 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnemia is extremely common among patients admitted to pediatric intensive care. Alternative treatments to transfusions such as intravenous iron must be considered. There are no published data for a prospective intravenous (IV) iron study focused in the critically ill children. The objective is to examine the safety and efficacy of intravenous iron sucrose infusion to manage anemia in pediatric critical care. A secondary objective is to examine the effect of different dose regimens of iron sucrose (3, 5, and 7 mg/kg dose).ProcedureProspective investigation of intravenous iron sucrose utilization at a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit between October 2017 and November 2022.ResultsIn all 115 patients received a total of 616 infusions of IV iron. Transferrin saturation index (TSI) was the most common altered iron deficiency biomarker (91.8%). After IV iron treatment, hemoglobin showed a significant increase within a 30‐day follow‐up (9.2 vs. 11.6 g/dL, p < .001). There was also a significant improvement in TSI and serum iron (p < .001). Iron deficit replacement was higher in the 7 mg/kg dose group (94%) compared to 85.9% in the 5 mg/kg regimen and 77.5% in the lower dose group (p = .008), requiring less doses and a shorter time. Very few mild adverse reactions were reported (1.3% of infusions), with no differences between groups. The most frequent adverse effect was gastrointestinal in three cases. There were no anaphylaxis‐like or other serious/life‐threatening adverse effects.ConclusionsThis is the first study to evaluate intravenous iron therapy in pediatric critical care, providing preliminary evidence of safety and efficacy of IV iron sucrose. The 7 mg/kg dose regimen showed higher iron deficit replacement in a shorter time, which could be beneficial in critically ill children.
The halotolerant rizhobacterium Glutamicibacter sp. alleviates salt impact on Phragmites australis by producing exopolysaccharides and limiting plant sodium uptake
Authors: Hidri Rabaa , Metoui‐Ben Mahmoud Ouissal , Zorrig Walid , Azcon Rozario , Abdelly Chedly , Debez Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSalinity is a widespread abiotic stress, which has strong adverse effects on plant growth and crop productivity. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) play a crucial role in plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)‐mediated improvement of plant stress tolerance. This study aimed to assess whether Glutamicibacter sp. strain producing large amounts of EPS may promote tolerance of common reed, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., towards salt stress. This halotolerant rizhobacterium showed tolerance to salinity (up to 1 M NaCl) when cultivated on Luria‐Bertani (LB) medium. Exposure to high salinity (300 mM NaCl) significantly impacted the plant growth parameters, but this adverse effect was mitigated following inoculation with Glutamicibacter sp., which triggered higher number of leaves and tillers, shoot fresh weight/dry weight, and root fresh weight as compared to non‐inoculated plants. Salt stress increased the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), polyphenols, total soluble sugars (TSSs), and free proline in shoots. In comparison, the inoculation with Glutamicibacter sp. further increased shoot polyphenol content, while decreasing MDA and free proline contents. Besides, this bacterial strain increased tissue Ca+ and K+ content concomitant to lower shoot Na+ and root Cl− accumulation, thus further highlighting the beneficial effect of Glutamicibacter sp. strain on the plant behavior under salinity. As a whole, our study provides strong arguments for a potential utilization of EPS‐producing bacteria as a useful microbial inoculant to alleviate the deleterious effects of salinity on plants.
Proteomics analysis of C2C12 myotubes treated with atrophy inducing cancer cell‐derived factors
Authors: Marzan Akbar L. , Chitti Sai V. , Gummadi Sriram , Kang Taeyoung , Ang Ching‐Seng , Mathivanan Suresh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCancer‐associated cachexia is a wasting syndrome that results in dramatic loss of whole‐body weight, predominantly due to loss of skeletal muscle mass. It has been established that cachexia inducing cancer cells secrete proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can induce muscle atrophy. Though several studies examined these cancer‐cell derived factors, targeting some of these components have shown little or no clinical benefit. To develop new therapies, understanding of the dysregulated proteins and signaling pathways that regulate catabolic gene expression during muscle wasting is essential. Here, we sought to examine the effect of conditioned media (CM) that contain secreted factors and EVs from cachexia inducing C26 colon cancer cells on C2C12 myotubes using mass spectrometry‐based label‐free quantitative proteomics. We identified significant changes in the protein profile of C2C12 cells upon exposure to C26‐derived CM. Functional enrichment analysis revealed enrichment of proteins associated with inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, muscle catabolism, ROS production, and ER stress in CM treated myotubes. Furthermore, strong downregulation in muscle structural integrity and development and/or regenerative pathways were observed. Together, these enriched proteins in atrophied muscle could be utilized as potential muscle wasting markers and the dysregulated biological processes could be employed for therapeutic benefit in cancer‐induced muscle wasting.
Trajectories of psychosocial environmental factors and their associations with asthma symptom trajectories among children in Australia
Authors: Shahunja K. M. , Sly Peter D. , Mamun Abdullah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionSeveral psychosocial factors, such as maternal mental health and parents' financial hardship, are associated with asthma symptoms among children. So, we aim to investigate the changing patterns of important psychosocial environmental factors and their associations with asthma symptom trajectories among children in Australia.MethodsWe considered asthma symptoms as wheezing (outcome) and psychosocial environmental factors (exposures) from 0/1 year to 14/15 years of the participants from the “Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC)” for this study. We used group‐based trajectory modeling to identify the trajectory groups for both exposure and outcome variables. Associations between psychosocial factors and three distinct asthma symptom trajectories were assessed by multivariable logistic regression.ResultsWe included 3917 children from the LSAC birth cohort in our study. We identified distinct trajectories for maternal depression, parents' financial hardship, parents' stressful life events and parents' availability to their children from birth to 14/15 years of age. Compared to the “low/no” asthma symptom trajectory group, children exposed to a “moderate & increasing” maternal depression, “moderate & declining” parents' financial hardship, and “moderate & increasing” parents' stressful life events were significantly associated (relative risk ratio [RRR]: 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27, 1.91; RRR: 1.40, 95%; CI: 1.15, 1.70; RRR: 1.77, 95%; CI: 1.45, 2.16) with “persistent high” asthma symptom trajectory.ConclusionSeveral psychosocial factors that are potential stressors for mental health increase the risk of having an adverse asthma symptom trajectory during childhood. Further attention should be given to reducing exposure to maternal depression, parents' financial hardship, and parents' stressful live events for long‐term asthma control in children.
A CUSUM control chart for gamma distribution with guaranteed performance
Authors: Madrid‐Alvarez Harold Manuel , García‐Díaz Juan Carlos , Tercero‐Gómez Víctor G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEven though most control chart developments have revolved around the normal distribution, productive operations, in fact, often use non‐normal data, and some even use skewed distributions. This occurs with cycle times and many processes with a single specification limit. Under these conditions, gamma distributions often offer a better characterization where CUSUM schemes provide optimal performance to detect changes of a known in‐control (IC) parameter. In practice, gamma parameters have to be estimated, and limited phase I samples have undesirable effects on the phase II average run length (ARL) that has not been examined. To address this situation, this study uses Markovian models to assess the ARL of a CUSUM developed to monitor scale changes when IC parameters are estimated. This paper discusses the conditional ARL performance and proposes an adaptation of a stochastic estimation algorithm to guarantee a minimum performance. IC and out‐of‐control performance is compared with the conditional performance of a traditional approach where no corrections are made to guarantee a specific behavior. To demonstrate the practical application of this new approach, an implementation was made in a packaging process using multihead weighing machines. Practitioners interested in using reliable monitoring schemes will find, in this proposal, several implementation guidelines such as algorithms and look up tables to facilitate their implementations.