bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rage Days
Authors: Eriksen Thomas Hylland , Visentin Martina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere has been a perceptible shift from class politics to identity politics in the last few decades, and this is not just the case in the North Atlantic world – from Trump to Orban, from Brexit to Salvini and more recently Meloni. Unlike in the postwar decades, Indian politics are to a great extent defined through hindutva, Hindu nationalism, as a centre of gravity; contemporary Chinese political rhetoric does not delve into the virtues of Communism as much as it glorifies the history and current achievements of the great Chinese nation; in African societies, conceptualizations of autochthony – first-comers – have become important aspects of rights claims in ways that were unknown until recently, and similar tendencies can be discerned in Latin America as well. Politicized nostalgia and an eagerness to build walls, physical and virtual, against the impurities and contaminations of the outside world, are pitted against an enthusiasm for openness, free trade and cultural exchanges, sometimes aligned with cosmopolitan values and inclusive forms of humanism whereby the rights of migrants and cultural minorities are defended on universalist grounds. In other words, people in otherwise very different societies raise strikingly similar questions about who they are and what that entails. In rapidly changing surroundings, the answers are fraught with controversy, often pitting ambivalence and doubt against withdrawal and reassertions of boundaries. The Overheating approach represents a perspective on identity which aims to take previous theorising a step further. Shifting, multiple, contested and unstable social identities that hold out a promise to form the basis for a meaningful sense of belonging are taken as a starting point, not as a conclusion, and they are viewed through the lens of accelerated change. It is as if modernity shifted to a higher gear towards the end of the twentieth century.
Living in a Digital World
Authors: Eriksen Thomas Hylland , Visentin Martina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIt just took a little over a decade for the smartphone to conquer the world following its introduction on the world market in 2007. Just 15 years later, this ubiquitous device had virtually become an extension of the body for hundreds of millions of people. In this conversation, we explore some of the ways in which temporality has been affected by the penetration of the smartphone into people’s life-worlds. The smartphone has affected the rhythms of everyday life. Formerly, appointments would typically be made days or weeks ahead. No micro-adjustment was possible, whereas it is now common, and has entered into everyday routines in European cities, to send a text if one is a little late for an encounter. Before this possibility existed, there was a need for greater flexibility. Conversely, you were free when you were not in and available, and allowed to fill the temporal gaps with anything or nothing. The temporal flexibility was, in other words, greater before the mobile internet, while the spatial flexibility has increased.
Measurement of the forward η meson production rate in p-p collisions at $$ \sqrt{\textrm{s}} $$ = 13 TeV with the LHCf-Arm2 detector
Authors: Adriani O. , Berti E. , Betti P. , Bonechi L. , Bongi M. , D’Alessandro R. , Detti S. , Hagenauer M. , Itow Y. , Kasahara K. , Kitagami Y. , Kondo M. , Matsubara Y. , Menjo H. , Muraki Y. , Ohashi K. , Papini P. , Piparo G. , Ricciarini S. , Sako T. , Sakurai N. , Scaringella M. , Shimizu Y. , Tamura T. , Tiberio A. , Torii S. , Tricomi A. , Turner W. C. , Yoshida K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The forward η mesons production has been observed by the Large Hadron Collider forward (LHCf) experiment in proton-proton collision at $$ \sqrt{s} $$

s

= 13 TeV. This paper presents the measurement of the inclusive production rate of η in pT< 1.1 GeV/c, expressed as a function of the Feynman-x variable. These results are compared with the predictions of several hadronic interaction models commonly used for the modelling of the air showers produced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. This is both the first measurement of η mesons from LHCf and the first time a particle containing strange quarks has been observed in the forward region for high-energy collisions. These results will provide a powerful constraint on hadronic interaction models for the purpose of improving the understanding of the processes underlying the air showers produced in the Earth’s atmosphere by ultra-energetic cosmic rays.
Contributions of inert electroweak multiplets to Higgs properties
Authors: Beauchesne Hugues , Chiang Cheng-Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
New physics could manifest itself in the form of electroweak multiplets that interact at tree level with the Higgs boson but do not mix with Standard Model fields or acquire expectation values. In this paper, we study the potential contributions of such inert multiplets to several crucial Higgs properties, namely, the branching ratio of the Higgs to a Z boson and a photon (or massless dark photon) and the triple Higgs coupling. Constraints from the Higgs signal strengths, oblique parameters and unitarity are taken into account.
Towers and hierarchies in the Standard Model from Emergence in Quantum Gravity
Authors: Castellano A. , Herráez A. , Ibáñez L. E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Based on Quantum Gravity arguments, it has been suggested that all kinetic terms of light particles below the UV cut-off could arise in the IR via quantum (loop) corrections. These loop corrections involve infinite towers of states becoming light (e.g. Kaluza-Klein or string towers). We study implications of this Emergence Proposal for fundamental scales in the Standard Model (SM). In this scheme all Yukawa couplings are of order one in the UV and small Yukawas for lighter generations appear via large anomalous dimensions induced by the towers of states. Thus, the observed hierarchies of quark and lepton masses are a reflection of the structure of towers of states that lie below the Quantum Gravity scale, ΛQG. Small Dirac neutrino masses consistent with experimental observation appear due to the existence of a tower of SM singlet states of mass m0 ≃ $$ {Y}_{\nu_3} $$

Y

ν
3

Mp ≃ 7 × 105 GeV, opening up a new extra dimension, while the UV cut-off occurs at ΛQG ≲ 1014 GeV. Additional constraints relating the Electro-Weak (EW) and cosmological constant (c.c.) scales (denoted MEW and V0) appear if the Swampland condition $$ {m}_{\nu_1} $$

m

ν
1

≲ $$ {V}_0^{1/4} $$

V
0

1
/
4

is imposed (with ν1 denoting the lightest neutrino), which itself arises upon applying the AdS non-SUSY Conjecture or the AdS/dS Distance Conjecture to the 3d vacua from circle compactifications of the SM. In particular, the EW scale and that of the extra dimension fulfill m0MEW ≲ 102$$ {V}_0^{1/4} $$

V
0

1
/
4

Mp, thus relating the EW hierarchy problem to that of the c.c. Hence, all fundamental scales may be written as powers of the c.c., i.e. m• ∼ $$ {V}_0^{\delta }{M}_p^{1-4\delta } $$

V
0
δ

M
p

1
−
4
δ

. The scale of SUSY breaking is m3/2 ≲ 7 × 105 GeV, which favours a Mini-Split scenario that could be possibly tested at LHC and/or FCC.
Distances in $$\frac{1}{\Vert x-y\Vert ^{2d}}$$ Percolation Models for all Dimensions
Authors: Bäumler Johannes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe study independent long-range percolation on $$\mathbb {Z}^d$$

Z

d

for all dimensions d, where the vertices u and v are connected with probability 1 for $$\Vert u-v\Vert _\infty =1$$

‖
u
-
v
‖

∞

=
1

and with probability $$p(\beta ,\{u,v\})=1-e^{-\beta \int _{u+\left[ 0,1\right) ^d} \int _{v+\left[ 0,1\right) ^d} \frac{1}{\Vert x-y\Vert _2^{2d}}d x d y } \approx \frac{\beta }{\Vert u-v\Vert _2^{2d}}$$

p

(
β
,

{
u
,
v
}

)

=
1
-

e

-
β

∫

u
+

0
,
1

d

∫

v
+

0
,
1

d

1

‖
x
-
y
‖

2

2
d

d
x
d
y

≈

β

‖
u
-
v
‖

2

2
d

for $$\Vert u-v\Vert _\infty \ge 2$$

‖
u
-
v
‖

∞

≥
2

. Let $$u \in \mathbb {Z}^d$$

u
∈

Z

d

be a point with $$\Vert u\Vert _\infty =n$$

‖
u
‖

∞

=
n

. We show that both the graph distance $$D(\textbf{0},u)$$

D
(
0
,
u
)

between the origin $$\textbf{0}$$
0
and u and the diameter of the box $$\{0,\ldots , n\}^d$$

{
0
,
…
,
n
}

d

grow like $$n^{\theta (\beta )}$$

n

θ
(
β
)

, where $$0<\theta (\beta ) < 1$$

0
<
θ
(
β
)
<
1

. We also show that the graph distance and the diameter of boxes have the same asymptotic growth when two vertices u, v with $$\Vert u-v\Vert _2 > 1$$

‖
u
-
v
‖

2

>
1

are connected with a probability that is close enough to $$p(\beta ,\{u,v\})$$

p
(
β
,
{
u
,
v
}
)

. Furthermore, we determine the asymptotic behavior of $$\theta (\beta )$$

θ
(
β
)

for large $$\beta $$
β
, and we discuss the tail behavior of $$\frac{D(\textbf{0},u)}{\Vert u\Vert _2^{\theta (\beta )}}$$

D
(
0
,
u
)

‖
u
‖

2

θ
(
β
)

.
Token Sliding on Graphs of Girth Five
Authors: Bartier Valentin , Bousquet Nicolas , Hanna Jihad , Mouawad Amer E. , Siebertz Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the Token Sliding problem we are given a graph G and two independent sets $$I_s$$

I
s

and $$I_t$$

I
t

in G of size $$k \ge 1$$

k
≥
1

. The goal is to decide whether there exists a sequence $$\langle I_1, I_2, \ldots , I_\ell \rangle $$

⟨

I
1

,

I
2

,
…
,

I
ℓ

⟩

of independent sets such that for all $$j \in \{1,\ldots , \ell - 1\}$$

j
∈
{
1
,
…
,
ℓ
-
1
}

the set $$I_j$$

I
j

is an independent set of size k, $$I_1 = I_s$$

I
1

=

I
s

, $$I_\ell = I_t$$

I
ℓ

=

I
t

and $$I_j \triangle I_{j + 1} = \{u, v\} \in E(G)$$

I
j

▵

I

j
+
1

=

{
u
,
v
}

∈
E

(
G
)

. Intuitively, we view each independent set as a collection of tokens placed on the vertices of the graph. Then, the problem asks whether there exists a sequence of independent sets that transforms $$I_s$$

I
s

into $$I_t$$

I
t

where at each step we are allowed to slide one token from a vertex to a neighboring vertex. In this paper, we focus on the parameterized complexity of Token Sliding parameterized by k. As shown by Bartier et al. (Algorithmica 83(9):2914–2951, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-021-00848-1), the problem is -hard on graphs of girth four or less, and the authors posed the question of whether there exists a constant $$p \ge 5$$

p
≥
5

such that the problem becomes fixed-parameter tractable on graphs of girth at least p. We answer their question positively and prove that the problem is indeed fixed-parameter tractable on graphs of girth five or more, which establishes a full classification of the tractability of Token Sliding parameterized by the number of tokens based on the girth of the input graph.
Influence of propeller fouling on propulsion performance of an actual ship: a long-term analysis focusing on the power for keeping propeller’s rotation of a controllable pitch propeller
Authors: Torii Hiroaki , Kifune Hiroyasu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the shaft power at the neutral angle of a controllable pitch propeller to analyze the change in the required power due to propeller fouling. It is named and defined as a power for keeping propeller’s rotation (RP) because a propeller does not generate the net thrust to push the hull but dissipates the power to keep its constant speed. Statistical analysis was conducted using a decade of the observed data from a research vessel. This study assumed that the change in RP can be considered as an indicator showing the state of propeller fouling. In addition, the state of fouling on the hull can be estimated indirectly based on RP because the data correlated the shaft power under several operating conditions with RP on the same voyage. The fouling state was classified into three conditions based on RP. The comparison of shaft power at the same ship speed between the clean condition and the serious fouled condition showed that the shaft power was increased by 35% on average due to fouling. When the ship navigates under 10 knots, propeller fouling has a larger impact on the increase in shaft power than hull fouling.
Comparison between open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma regarding the short-term optic disc vessel density changes after trabeculectomy
Authors: El-Haddad Nermien Salah El-Dien Mohammed , Abd Elwahab Adel , Shalaby Sawssan , Farag Mona Mohammad Aly , Alkassaby Mohammd , Ahmed Sanaa , Shawky Shrief 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo compare the microvasculature of the optic disc in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) after trabeculectomy. This study included 34 patients divided into two groups based on the angle: (1) the OAG Group, which included 24 eyes from 24 patients, and (2) the ACG Group, which included ten eyes from 10 patients. All patients were subjected to comprehensive ophthalmic examinations. It included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), Goldmann applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundus examination, and stereoscopic examination of the optic disc. The central corneal thickness was measured using a Nidek AL scan optical biometer. The visual field was evaluated by standard automated perimetry using Humphrey Field Analyzer (24–2 Swedish interactive threshold algorithm; Carl-Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA). Moreover, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was performed utilizing the RTVue XR Avanti scanner (Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA, USA) preoperatively as well as 1 month after surgery. There was a statistically significant increase in optic disc vessel density (VD) in the whole image, radial peripapillary, inferior, superior, temporal, and nasal quadrant in OAG after surgery. Regarding the change in VD after surgery in ACG patients, there was a statistically significant increase in optic disc VD in the whole image, radial peripapillary, inferior, superior, temporal, and nasal quadrant in ACG after surgery.Regarding the percentage of VD change following trabeculectomy surgery, there were highly significant differences between the two groups for the whole image, radial peripapillary, inferior quadrant, and temporal quadrant VD. Statistically significant changes were also observed in the superior and nasal quadrants of VD. However, no significant change in VD was detected within the disc. In conclusion, the optic disc VD improved after the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) by surgery in both OAG and ACG. However, ACG demonstrated a significant improvement than the OAG.
The limits of local search for weighted k-set packing
Authors: Neuwohner Meike 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider the weighted k-set packing problem, where, given a collection $${\mathcal {S}}$$
S
of sets, each of cardinality at most k, and a positive weight function $$w:{\mathcal {S}}\rightarrow {\mathbb {Q}}_{>0}$$

w
:
S
→

Q

>
0

, the task is to find a sub-collection of $${\mathcal {S}}$$
S
consisting of pairwise disjoint sets of maximum total weight. As this problem does not permit a polynomial-time $$o(\frac{k}{\log k})$$

o
(

k

log
k

)

-approximation unless $$P=NP$$

P
=
N
P

(Hazan et al. in Comput Complex 15:20–39, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00037-006-0205-6), most previous approaches rely on local search. For twenty years, Berman’s algorithm SquareImp (Berman, in: Scandinavian workshop on algorithm theory, Springer, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44985-X_19), which yields a polynomial-time $$\frac{k+1}{2}+\epsilon $$

k
+
1

2

+
ϵ

-approximation for any fixed $$\epsilon >0$$

ϵ
>
0

, has remained unchallenged. Only recently, it could be improved to $$\frac{k+1}{2}-\frac{1}{63,700,993}$$

k
+
1

2

-

1

63
,
700
,
993

by Neuwohner (38th International symposium on theoretical aspects of computer science (STACS 2021), Leibniz international proceedings in informatics (LIPIcs), 2021. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2021.53). In her paper, she showed that instances for which the analysis of SquareImp is almost tight are “close to unweighted” in a certain sense. But for the unit weight variant, the best known approximation guarantee is $$\frac{k+1}{3}+\epsilon $$

k
+
1

3

+
ϵ

(Fürer and Yu in International symposium on combinatorial optimization, Springer, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09174-7_35). Using this observation as a starting point, we conduct a more in-depth analysis of close-to-tight instances of SquareImp. This finally allows us to generalize techniques used in the unweighted case to the weighted setting. In doing so, we obtain approximation guarantees of $$\frac{k+\epsilon _k}{2}$$

k
+

ϵ
k

2

, where $$\lim _{k\rightarrow \infty } \epsilon _k = 0$$

lim

k
→
∞

ϵ
k

=
0

. On the other hand, we prove that this is asymptotically best possible in that local improvements of logarithmically bounded size cannot produce an approximation ratio below $$\frac{k}{2}$$

k
2

.
Smallholder farmer resilience to extreme weather events in a global food value chain
Authors: Thompson William J. , Varma Varun , Joerin Jonas , Bonilla-Duarte Solhanlle , Bebber Daniel P. , Blaser-Hart Wilma , Kopainsky Birgit , Späth Leonhard , Curcio Bianca , Six Johan , Krütli Pius 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Extreme weather events have severe impacts on food systems, especially for smallholders in global food value chains (GFVCs). There is an urgent need to understand (a) how climate shocks manifest in food systems, and (b) what strategies can enhance food system resilience. Integrating satellite, household and trade data, we investigate the cascading impacts after two consecutive hurricanes on smallholder banana farmers in Dominican Republic, and determinants of their recovery. We found that farmers experienced an ‘all-or-nothing’ pattern of damage, where 75% of flooded farmers lost > 90% of production. Recovery of regional production indicators took ca. 450 days. However, farm-level recovery times were highly variable, with both topographic and human capital factors determining recovery. Utilising this case study, we show that engaging in a GFVC impeded recovery via ‘double exposure’ of production loss and losing market access. Our results suggest that strategies to enhance resilience, with a particular focus on recovery, in GFVCs should promote trader loyalty, facilitate basin-scale collaboration and expand risk-targeted training.
Embracing Culturally Relevant Computational Thinking in the Preschool Classroom: Leveraging Familiar Contexts for New Learning
Authors: Quinn Margaret F. , Caudle Lori A. , Harper Frances K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Computational thinking (CT) is an important twenty-first century skill that begins developing early. Recent interest in incorporating early CT experiences in early childhood education (i.e., preschool) has increased. In fact, the early years mark an important time during which initial competencies are acquired, interest and motivation begins to form, and in which children may develop a sense of belonging in STEM fields. As a result, providing children with access to robotics and computer science experiences to support CT that are also developmentally appropriate and culturally relevant is key. This paper uses the “powerful ideas” of computer science, seven developmentally appropriate CT concepts that children can learn, as a framework and explores the experiences of two (composite) teachers who participated in and co-developed a culturally relevant robotics program and the processes they undertake to support children’s CT development and learning. This paper considers practices that support the seven key powerful ideals while leveraging existing instructional routines and contexts that are already occurring in most classrooms, such as centers, small group activities, classroom environments, and read-alouds. Of note, this paper prioritizes approaches that acknowledge, center, and feature the ethnic, cultural, and linguistic backgrounds of young children and their families. Identifying affordable and accessible practices, this paper provides educators with tangible, integrated, and authentic practices to support children’s computational thinking, STEM learning, and sense of belonging.
The scientists’ responsibility in communicating the sustainability crisis
Authors: Rödel Jürgen , Frisch Alexander , Damjanovic Dragan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHumankind and, in general, all life on earth, face a fundamental sustainability crisis. We have realized many decades ago that both our sources and our sinks on our planet are limited. International treaties have been adopted, panels have been formed and assessments have been published. Yet, almost all nations regularly fail to comply with their goals. Many potential barriers to swift actions exist, and sustainability in its many facets reveals complex interdependencies and rebounds. Humankind relies on an infrastructure in terms of energy supply, housing, and others, which take decades to change. At the same time, we face tipping points, which describe an irreversible acceleration of degradation of our fundamental life’s resources. This concerns not only the climate crisis, which is visible in so many nations with floods and heat waves and a surge of new temperature extremes and costs due to mitigation and adaptation. No, the problem also lies in a set of planetary limits, including a terrifying loss of agricultural soil, an increasing level of acidity in the oceans, enhanced nitridation, and loss of biodiversity and natural habitats. In this situation, it appears obvious, that scientists, meaning all scientists beyond our representatives in international panels, need to respond. We need to inform ourselves across the disciplines and disseminate available information into society. We need to spell out that a transformation of society is required combining technological advances and a change in lifestyle with a reduction in demand for our planet’s sources and sinks.
Trends in Domestic Violence and Firearm Domestic Violence During COVID-19 in Five US Cities
Authors: Tomsich Elizabeth A. , Schleimer Julia P. , McCort Chris D. , Wintemute Garen J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting social and economic disruptions may be associated with increased risk for reported domestic violence (DV) and firearm-involved DV (FDV). This study examines trends in DV, FDV, and the proportion of DV incidents that involved firearms (FDV/DV) in five large US cities before and during the coronavirus pandemic.

Method
We examined monthly trends in DV and FDV during January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2020, which included the early part of the pandemic, using Poisson or negative binomial regressions. We used binomial regressions to assess trends in FDV/DV. We considered the onset of the pandemic to be March 2020.

Results
Findings varied across outcomes and cities. DV decreased in three cities: Kansas City (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR), 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86–0.90), Los Angeles (IRR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99–1.00), and Nashville (IRR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99–1.00) relative to trends pre-pandemic. FDV increased in three cities: Chicago (IRR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.08), Los Angeles (IRR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.06–1.10), and Nashville (IRR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05) and decreased in one: Kansas City (IRR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.87–0.90). FDV/DV increased in three cities: Chicago (Risk Ratio (RR), 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.06), Los Angeles (RR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.07–1.11), and Nashville (RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.06).

Conclusions
We found variation among cities in trends in reported DV, FDV, and FDV/DV during the first months of the coronavirus pandemic. Variation may be due to a number of factors, including differences in baseline DV and FDV rates; economic strain and unemployment; compliance with social distancing; firearm ownership and purchasing; the availability of DV services; delays in court processing and the early release of prisoners; and community-law enforcement relations.