bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New micromachined microstrip transmission lines for application in millimeter‐wave circuits
Authors: Lee Han‐Shin , Kim Sung‐Chan , Lim Byoung‐Ok , Kim Kyoung‐Man , Uhm Won‐Young , Chun Young‐Hoon , Shin Dong‐Hoon , Kim Soon‐Koo , Park Hyun‐Chang , Rhee Jin‐Koo 
Published: November 2003

AbstractIn this paper, we describe a new GaAs‐based micromachined microstrip line, supported by an electrically supported air‐gapped microstrip line (DAML) structure and developed using RF MEMS techniques to achieve low losses at millimeter‐wave frequency bands with wide impedance ranges. The measured DAML with a 10‐μm post height shows less than 1.5‐dB/cm attenuation at 50 GHz with 20–100Ω, which agrees well with the simulated results. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 6–9, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11270
Consistency of the numerical dispersion relation expressed in different forms for the ADI‐FDTD method
Authors: Zhao An Ping 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe relationship of the numerical dispersion relation presented in different mathematical expressions (that are independently derived in 1, 2) for the three‐dimensional alternating direction implicit finite‐difference time‐domain (3D ADI‐FDTD) method is investigated. It is found that, unlike the statement made in 2, the formulae of the numerical dispersion relation proposed in 1, 2 are unconditionally equivalent to each other, as they can be transformed from one to another, which in turn demonstrates the consistency of these formulae. The consistency of the formulae expressed in different forms derived for the one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional cases is also demonstrated, as a by‐product of this paper. Furthermore, it is found that the formulae expressed in the form of tan(ωΔt/2) have the simplest and most convenient forms for the ADI‐FDTD method. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 12–13, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11272
Experimental study of the SAR characteristics of mobile phones
Authors: Chan K. H. , Leung S. W. , Fung L. C. , Siu Y. M. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe specific absorption rate (SAR) on a human head due to the radiation of mobile phones can be influenced by many parameters, including the phones' antenna design and profile. In this paper, an experimental study of the characteristics of the SAR of mobile phones is presented. Statistical results illustrate that mobile phones, in general, satisfy the ICNIRP safety limit, and that the SAR values are affected by the transmission frequency of mobile phones. In most cases, the maximum SAR is at the cheek position and is twice that at the ear position. We conclude that there is no significant difference in the SAR value between phones with internal and external antennas and that, at the ear position, the SAR value of the flip phones is about 22% lower than that of nonflip phones. We also conclude that the SAR hot spot is generally located near the antenna position. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 22–26, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11275
A compact dual‐band dual‐polarized antenna element for GSM/DCS/UMTS base stations
Authors: Deillon V. , Zürcher J‐F. , Skrivervik A. K. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractA dual‐band dual‐polarized antenna suitable for operation in telecommunication base stations is presented. One of the bands covers the GSM band, while the other covers both the DCS and UMTS bands. The design is compact and yields good radiation characteristics, with excellent isolation between polarizations and bands. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 29–33, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11277
Experimental investigation of the field conditions in a vibrating intrinsic reverberation chamber
Authors: Kouveliotis N. K. , Trakadas P. T. , Hairetakis I. I. , Capsalis C. N. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe field uniformity and field distribution of a vibrating reverberation chamber is examined using measurements performed in a reverberating screened room. The field conditions in this kind of chamber are investigated, assuming that the direct path signal between the transmitter and the observation point exists. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 35–38, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11279
Broadband aperture‐coupled circularly polarized microstrip antenna fed by a three‐stub hybrid coupler
Authors: Qing X. M. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractA novel aperture‐coupled circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a three‐stub hybrid coupler feed circuit in order to generate broadband circular polarization radiation is proposed. The bandwidth is 32.3% for 2:1 VSWR and 42.6% for 3‐dB axial ratio. The achievable maximum gain is 8.8 dBic. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 38–41, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11280
Multiwavelet based moment method under discrete Sobolev‐type norm
Authors: Pan George , Tong Meisong , Gilbert Barry 
Published: November 2003

AbstractMultiwavelets are successfully applied to Galerkin's method for solving integral equations. High precision and fast convergence are demonstrated because of the desirable properties of multiwavelets, including compact support, symmetry and antisymmetry, regularity (continuity and smoothness), explicit expressions, and more importantly, the orthogonality under a Sobolev‐type inner product. As a result, numerical integrations in the testing procedure are carried out explicitly. Numerical examples are conducted for electromagnetic waves scattering from smooth surfaces and surfaces with sharp edges, and propagating along microstrips with finite thickness. The new algorithm demonstrates significant improvement over the traditional MoM in terms of momery and CPU time up to two orders of magnitude. The new algorithm is easy to implement and program. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 47–50, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11282
A generalized ZY Smith chart for solving nonreciprocal uniform transmission‐line problems
Authors: Torungrueng D. , Thimaporn C. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractNonreciprocal transmission lines have found various applications in microwave technology. Because the governing equations of nonreciprocal transmission lines are quite complicated, the need for a graphical tool to assist in the analysis and design of nonreciprocal devices is obvious. The Smith chart has shown to be a very useful graphical tool when solving reciprocal uniform transmission‐line problems. However, the Smith chart needs to be modified for nonreciprocal transmission lines; this is called a generalized Smith chart. This novel chart can be easily generated using Matlab. It is found that the ZY Smith chart is a special case of a generalized ZY Smith chart. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 57–61, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11284
A novel broadband triple‐layer triangular patch antenna
Authors: Haridim M. , Shukrun D. , Matzner H. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractA novel broadband L‐band patch antenna is presented. The proposed antenna consists of three layers, each containing a triangular patch of a different size. The layers are separated by substrates of equal thickness and permittivity. The antenna is fed through the lowest patch, with the upper patches fed parasitically. Both simulation and experimental results show relatively broadband characteristics. The antenna has a fair gain, comparable to that of single‐layer patch antennas. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 66–70, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11286
Coplanar‐waveguide‐fed uniplanar antenna using a broadband balun
Authors: Chiu C. W. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractIn this paper, we present a uniplanar strip‐dipole antenna and a bow‐tie antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) that both use a wideband and compact balun. The balun, which consists of planar lumped‐LC circuits, affects the transition from an unbalanced CPW to a balanced coplanar strip. The antennas are designed to operate at the 2.44‐GHz ISM‐band. The measured data show that such broadband balun‐based antennas enjoy the advantages of broad bandwidth and extra compactness. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 70–73, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11287
Feed effects on the dimensions of wideband slot antennas
Authors: Rao Patnam H. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe feed interaction of wideband slot antennas is analyzed using finite‐element method optimizations. The achievable bandwidth with bow‐tie feed is around 115% (more than 2:1) for VSWR ≤ 2 and a similar configuration could achieve a bandwidth of 45% for VSWR ≤ 2 with radial stub feed. The effect of feeding mechanisms on the dimensions of the slots is discussed. A comparison of measured results for various feed configurations is presented. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 77–79, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11289
Simple derivation and proof of geometrical stability criteria for linear two‐ports
Authors: Tan Eng Leong 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThis paper presents a simple derivation of the single‐parameter geometrical stability criteria for linear two‐ports. The derivation is directly based on the classical constraints familiar to most circuit designers with regard to stability circles and stable regions. A straightforward proof of the mutual implications of various geometrical stability criteria involving dual or single parameters is also provided in a concise manner. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 81–83, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11291
RF curve‐fitting predistorter for extending the dynamic range of a linearized power amplifier
Authors: Cho Kyung‐Joon , Jang Dong‐Hee , Kim Sang‐Hee , Kim Jong‐Heon , Stapleton Shawn P. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractIn this paper, an RF curve‐fitting predistorter is proposed to extend the linearized dynamic range of a power amplifier. AM‐AM and AM‐PM distortion of the power amplifier can be compensated by accurately adjusting the gain and phase gradients of the three‐reflection‐type diode predistorter. The proposed predistorter extends the linearized dynamic range by more than six times that of a conventional predistorter. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 83–87, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11292
Self‐heating‐dependent thermal‐noise model using a distributed‐gate structure for RF applications
Authors: Kapoor Nirupama , Haldar Subhasis , Gupta Mridula , Gupta R. S. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractIn this paper, we present the gate‐resistance dependence on thermal noise of a fully depleted SOI MOS operating in an inversion regime with the gate structure's distributed nature. The various parameters used in this analysis are derived from the characteristics obtained by incorporating various short‐channel effects, such as channel length modulation, velocity saturation, and lattice temperature‐dependent mobility. The spectral density of the drain‐current noise is obtained and although it is observed that the noise in the frequency region >1 GHz is dominated by channel thermal noise, but the noise due to gate resistance is very large, in the frequency region <1 GHz. Therefore, the gate‐resistance dependence on thermal noise plays a major role when the device is operating in the RF range and must be incorporated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 87–92, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11293
Remarks on “time domain modeling of electromagnetic wave propagation in Tellegen media”
Authors: Lakhtakia Akhlesh 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe work of Barba et al.1 is fatally flawed on two counts: (i) the existence of Tellegen mediums is unrecognizable in modern electromagnetic theory, and (ii) the time‐domain constitutive relations used in the commented upon work are noncausal. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 92–93, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11294
Selection for imidacloprid resistance in Nilaparvata lugens: cross‐resistance patterns and possible mechanisms
Authors: Zewen Liu , Zhaojun Han , Yinchang Wang , Lingchun Zhang , Hongwei Zhang , Chengjun Liu 
Published: November 2003

AbstractA field population of brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) was collected and selected for imidacloprid resistance in the laboratory. The resistance increased by 11.35 times in 25 generations and the resistance ratio reached 72.83 compared with a laboratory susceptible strain. The selected resistant strain showed obvious cross‐resistance to all the acetylcholine receptor targeting insecticides tested (monosultap 1.44‐fold, acetamiprid 1.61‐fold, imidacloprid homologues JS599 2.46‐fold and JS598 3.17‐fold), but not to others. Further study demonstrated that TPP and DEM had no synergism on imidacloprid. However, PBO displayed significant synergism in some different strains, and the synergism increased with resistance (S strain 1.20, field population 1.43 and R strain 2.93). PBO synergism to cross‐resistant insecticides was also found in the resistant strain (monosultap 1.25, acetamiprid 1.39, JS598 1.94 and JS599 2.02). We concluded that esterase and glutathione S‐transferase play little role in imidacloprid detoxification. The increase of the P450‐monooxygenases detoxification is an important mechanism for imidacloprid resistance and target resistance may also exist in this species. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
An index for selective toxicity of miticides to phytophagous mites and their predators based on orchard trials
Authors: Hardman John M , Franklin Jeffrey L , Moreau Debra L , Bostanian Noubar J 
Published: November 2003

AbstractData from nine trials conducted from 1990 to 1998 in apple orchards in Nova Scotia and Quebec, Canada, were used to estimate the predator‐prey selectivity of miticides and their potential compatibility with biological control of mites. The European red mite Panonychus ulmi (Koch) was the dominant and more harmful phytophagous species, followed by the apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa). Two predacious mites, the phytoseiid, Typhlodromus pyri Sheuten, and the stigmaeid, Zetzellia mali (Ewing), were often found in the orchards. We used one minus the ratio of mite‐days in treated plots to those in the control plots as an index of population suppression and toxicity of the miticides. Miticides were then categorized into classes similar to those employed by the International Organization for Biological Control to rate pesticide toxicity to natural enemies of insect and mite pests. Selectivity of miticides was mostly based on toxicity to P ulmi, the major pest, versus toxicity to T pyri, the major predator, with some consideration of the two lesser species, A schlechtendali and Z mali. In most cases, our findings were in accord with other studies. Abamectin and clofentezine had favourable selectivity (more toxic to the two phytophagous mites than to T pyri). The higher recommended rate of pyridaben (450 g ha−1) and two rates of spirodiclofen (180 and 240 g ha−1) were neutral (equally toxic to pests and predators). The lower rate of pyridaben (216 g ha−1), dicofol, formetanate hydrochloride and propargite were unfavourably selective (more toxic to T pyri). A higher than recommended rate of pyridaben (2160 g ha−1) applied before bloom was disruptive—P ulmi‐days after treatment were actually greater than with the untreated control. P ulmi resistance to dicofol and propargite were probable complicating factors in some of the orchard trials. For the Department of Agriculture and Agri‐Food, Government of Canada, © Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada 2003. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insecticidal activity of the enantiomers of fipronil
Authors: Teicher Harald B , Kofoed‐Hansen Britt , Jacobsen Niels 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe two enantiomers of the insecticide fipronil were made by preparative HPLC. The insecticidal activities of the racemic mixture and the two enantiomers against selected agricultural or household pests (cotton stainer, Dysdercus cingulatus F; grain weevil, Sitophilus granarius L and house fly, Musca domestica L) were determined. There was no significant difference in acute or residual activity between the racemic mixture and the enantiomers of fipronil, indicating that there is no preferred chiral form of the compound in these key species of important insects. This observation clearly suggests that there is no major scope for marketing the insecticide in a one‐enantiomer form. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
An experimental evaluation of scalar replacement on scientific benchmarks
Authors: Carr Steve , Sweany Philip 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThis paper describes our experiments comparing multiple scalar replacement algorithms to evaluate their effectiveness on entire scientific application benchmarks within the context of a production‐level compiler. We investigate at what point aggressive scalar replacement becomes detrimental and which dependence tests are necessary to give scalar replacement enough information to be effective. As many commercial optimizing compilers may include some version of scalar replacement as an optimization, it is important to determine how aggressive these algorithms need to be.Previously, no study has examined ‘how much’ scalar replacement is sufficient and effective within the context of an existing highly optimizing compiler. Our experiments show that, on whole programs, simple algorithms and simple dependence analysis capture nearly all opportunities for scalar replacement found in scientific application benchmarks. While additional aggressiveness may lead to some performance gain in some individual loops, it also leads to performance degradation too often to be worth the risk when considering entire applications. Algorithms restricted to value reuse over at most one loop iteration and to fully redundant array references give the best results.Our experiment further shows that scalar replacement is not only an effective optimization, but also a feasible one for commercial optimizers since the simple algorithms are not computationally expensive. Based upon our findings, we conclude that scalar replacement ought to be a part of any highly optimizing compiler because of its low cost and significant potential gain. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conservative treatment of a radicular cyst in a 5‐year‐old child: a case report
Authors: Delbem A. C. B. , Cunha R. F. , Vieira A. E. M. , Pugliesi D. M. C. 
Published: November 2003

Summary.The present report describes the management of a radicular cyst in a 5‐year‐old child. The treatment comprised extraction of the primary teeth involved followed by marsupialization. A removable appliance with a resin extension penetrating into the cystic cavity was used to help decompress the lesion. This treatment allowed rapid healing of the lesion and eruption of the permanent incisors without the need for orthodontic treatment.
Molar incisor hypomineralization: a questionnaire inventory of its occurrence in member countries of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD)
Authors: Weerheijm K. L. , Mejàre I. 
Published: November 2003

Summary.Objectives.  The objectives were to find out whether hypomineralized permanent first molars and incisors, known as Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH), occurs all over Europe, whether its prevalence in each country is known and whether or not it is considered to be a clinical problem.Sample and methods.  Clinical photos of MIH and a five‐item questionnaire were sent to members of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD). A total of 59 questionnaires were sent to members in 31 countries. After one month a reminder was sent to non‐responders.Results.  Fifty‐four dentists (92%) in 30 countries (97%) returned the questionnaire. MIH was stated to occur in all but one country (the Czech Republic). Nearly all the responders (97%) stated that they were familiar with the clinical appearance of MIH and a majority saw it as a clinical problem. Furthermore, a large majority of the responders (90%) considered it important to map the prevalence of MIH in European countries as such data are available to only a limited extent.Conclusion.  Paediatric dentists in Europe are aware of MIH and the majority consider it to be a clinical problem. Only limited data are available on the prevalence of MIH. Comparable and representative prevalence studies are therefore urgently needed to gain more knowledge about the magnitude of MIH and related clinical problems.
Two‐body and three‐body wear of glass ionomer cements
Authors: Kunzelmann K.‐H. , Bürkle V. , Bauer C. 
Published: November 2003

Summary.Objectives.  Glass ionomer cements (GIC) have been modified in an attempt to improve their mechanical properties. The objective of the present paper was to compare the two‐body and three‐body wear of four modified GIC. The tested materials were Fuji IX (GC Corporation), Hi‐Fi (Shofu) and Ketac Molar Aplicap (3M/ESPE). The cermet cement Ketac Silver Maxicap (3M/ESPE) was used as reference material.Methods.  Two‐body wear tests were carried out in the computer controlled ‘artificial mouth’ of the Munich Dental School, three‐body wear was tested with the ACTA wear machine.Results.  The resulting average two‐body wear rates (in µm) were: Fuji IX 327 (SD ± 82) < Ketac Molar 379 (SD ± 94) < Hi‐Fi 376 (SD ± 90) < Ketac silver 449 (SD ± 127). The differences between the materials were significant (P < 0·05, anova, modified LSD‐test) with the exception of Ketac Molar and Hi‐Fi. The average three‐body wear rates (in µm) were: Hi‐Fi 30 (SD ± 10) < Ketac Molar ± 42 (SD ± 12) < Fuji IX 49 (SD ± 14) < Ketac silver 73 (SD ± 23). The difference between Ketac silver and the three other materials was significant (P < 0·05, anova, modified LSD‐test). No significant difference was calculated between Hi‐Fi, Ketac Molar and Fuji IX.Conclusions.  As Ketac Molar, Hi‐Fi and Fuji IX show better wear resistance compared to Ketac silver both in occlusal‐contact and contact‐free areas, it may be assumed that the wear resistance of a glass ionomer cement may be improved more by changing the powder : liquid ratio than by incorporating silver particles into the glass powder.