bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mediation Framework in Botswana's Trade Disputes Act: A Unique Approach to Dispute Resolution
Authors: Mogapaesi Tshepo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBotswana's Trade Disputes Act was enacted to provide for a settlement of trade disputes by the Commissioner of Labour, mediators and arbitrators and for the establishment of the Industrial Court as a court of law and equity. Mediators therefore play a critical role in the resolution of trade disputes within Botswana's labour law framework, and while their role is facilitative, their contribution to the trajectory of resolving labour disputes is significant. This article analyses the form of mediation envisaged under the act, and the mediator's role and powers. It further considers circumstances under and the extent to which the Industrial Court may intervene in the decisions of mediators.
Wellbeing Wednesdays: a pilot trial of acceptance and commitment therapy embedded in a freshman seminar
Authors: Browning Morgan E. , Lloyd-Richardson Elizabeth E. , Trisal Akshay V. , Kelleher Victoria G. , Kayyal Mary H. , Schierberl Scherr Anna E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
University students face vast mental health challenges, and both attitudinal and structural barriers to seeking care. Embedding interventions in college courses is one solution. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is an ideal candidate intervention given its emphasis on values, context, and skill building from a transdiagnostic perspective. This study embedded a brief ACT intervention in a required freshman seminar that was delivered by trained but unlicensed graduate students. In two class sessions of the freshman seminar taught by the same instructor, one session was randomly assigned to receive the course as usual, and one session received the ACT intervention. ACT content was delivered to all students in the intervention course on five consecutive weekly class periods. Students in both classes who chose to participate in the study completed assessments before and after the intervention and at follow-up. There were no significant changes with tests that were run, including non-parametric tests given the small sample sizes. Descriptively, the intervention group had slight improvements in wellbeing and mindfulness and decreases in distress, and the control group had worsened wellbeing, mindfulness and distress. A moderate portion of intervention group students enjoyed the intervention and indicated use of ACT skills, particularly mindfulness. Results suggest that this classroom-based intervention was feasible and acceptable, but further study should occur given small sample sizes. Future work should continue course-based ACT interventions, and should also explore potential applications of student training to deliver interventions given the shortage of mental health providers on college campuses.

Key learning aims

(1)
Can acceptance and commitment therapy content and skills be integrated into an existing freshman seminar curriculum?

(2)
Can acceptance and commitment therapy improve wellbeing and decrease distress amongst college students?

(3)
How will students engage with and practise acceptance and commitment therapy skills outside of the context of session delivery?
Celebrating Wins, Lamenting Losses in the Aftermath of Presidential	Elections
Authors: DuBosar Eliana , Hmielowski Jay D. , Hutchens Myiah J. , Beam Michael A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract: In this paper, we examine media use in the aftermath of the 2004, 2012, and 2020 presidential elections in the United States. Specifically, we test whether members of the party who won the election bask in reflected glory (BIRG; i.e., seek out pro-attitudinal media after preferred candidate wins) or whether members of the losing party cut off reflected failure (CORF; i.e., cut off ties with their party after a loss by decreasing their use of pro-attitudinal media). We also examine whether individuals whose candidate lost use pro-attitudinal media to repair their identity, or engage in information utility behaviors by seeking out counter-attitudinal information to learn about the opposing party following their win. Using two waves of survey data from the 2004, 2012, and 2020 US presidential elections, we find support for the BIRGing hypothesis. However, we did not find support for any of the hypotheses associated with losing the elections.
SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific TFH cells exhibit unique responses in infected and vaccinated individuals
Authors: He Rongzhang , Zheng Xingyu , Zhang Jian , Liu Bo , Wang Qijie , Wu Qian , Liu Ziyan , Chang Fangfang , Hu Yabin , Xie Ting , Liu Yongchen , Chen Jun , Yang Jing , Teng Shishan , Lu Rui , Pan Dong , Wang You , Peng Liting , Huang Weijin , Terzieva Velislava , Liu Wenpei , Wang Youchun , Li Yi-Ping , Qu Xiaowang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLong-term humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is essential for preventing reinfection. The production of neutralizing antibody (nAb) and B cell differentiation are tightly regulated by T follicular help (TFH) cells. However, the longevity and functional role of TFH cell subsets in COVID-19 convalescents and vaccine recipients remain poorly defined. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 infection and inactivated vaccine elicited both spike-specific CXCR3+ TFH cell and CXCR3− TFH cell responses, which showed distinct response patterns. Spike-specific CXCR3+ TFH cells exhibit a dominant and more durable response than CXCR3− TFH cells that positively correlated with antibody responses. A third booster dose preferentially expands the spike-specific CXCR3+ TFH cell subset induced by two doses of inactivated vaccine, contributing to antibody maturation and potency. Functionally, spike-specific CXCR3+ TFH cells have a greater ability to induce spike-specific antibody secreting cells (ASCs) differentiation compared to spike-specific CXCR3− TFH cells. In conclusion, the persistent and functional role of spike-specific CXCR3+ TFH cells following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination may play an important role in antibody maintenance and recall response, thereby conferring long-term protection. The findings from this study will inform the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines aiming to induce long-term protective immune memory.
Natural language processing for mental health interventions: a systematic review and research framework
Authors: Malgaroli Matteo , Hull Thomas D. , Zech James M. , Althoff Tim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeuropsychiatric disorders pose a high societal cost, but their treatment is hindered by lack of objective outcomes and fidelity metrics. AI technologies and specifically Natural Language Processing (NLP) have emerged as tools to study mental health interventions (MHI) at the level of their constituent conversations. However, NLP’s potential to address clinical and research challenges remains unclear. We therefore conducted a pre-registered systematic review of NLP-MHI studies using PRISMA guidelines (osf.io/s52jh) to evaluate their models, clinical applications, and to identify biases and gaps. Candidate studies (n = 19,756), including peer-reviewed AI conference manuscripts, were collected up to January 2023 through PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ArXiv. A total of 102 articles were included to investigate their computational characteristics (NLP algorithms, audio features, machine learning pipelines, outcome metrics), clinical characteristics (clinical ground truths, study samples, clinical focus), and limitations. Results indicate a rapid growth of NLP MHI studies since 2019, characterized by increased sample sizes and use of large language models. Digital health platforms were the largest providers of MHI data. Ground truth for supervised learning models was based on clinician ratings (n = 31), patient self-report (n = 29) and annotations by raters (n = 26). Text-based features contributed more to model accuracy than audio markers. Patients’ clinical presentation (n = 34), response to intervention (n = 11), intervention monitoring (n = 20), providers’ characteristics (n = 12), relational dynamics (n = 14), and data preparation (n = 4) were commonly investigated clinical categories. Limitations of reviewed studies included lack of linguistic diversity, limited reproducibility, and population bias. A research framework is developed and validated (NLPxMHI) to assist computational and clinical researchers in addressing the remaining gaps in applying NLP to MHI, with the goal of improving clinical utility, data access, and fairness.
Melatonin alleviates depression-like behaviors and cognitive dysfunction in mice by regulating the circadian rhythm of AQP4 polarization
Authors: Yao Di , Li Rong , Hao Jiahuan , Huang Hongqing , Wang Xubiao , Ran Lusen , Fang Yuanyuan , He Yuqin , Wang Wei , Liu Xinghua , Wang Minghuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDepression is a common chronic psychiatric illness, which is resistant to medical treatments. While melatonin may alleviate certain depression symptoms, evidence for its efficacy against core symptoms is lacking. Here, we tested a mechanism whereby melatonin rescues the behavioral outcomes of the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model of depression. CUMS mice showed depressive behaviors to tail suspension, open field behavior, and sucrose preference test, and cognitive dysfunction in the Morris water maze. Impairments in these measures were relieved by melatonin treatment. Moreover, CUMS mice had impaired glymphatic function across the sleep-wake cycle due to the astrocytic loss and disturbance of circadian regulation of the polarized expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels in perivascular astrocytes. EEG results in CUMS mice showed a reduced total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, due to sleep fragmentation in the light phase. CUMS mice lost the normal rhythmic expressions of circadian proteins Per2, Cry2, Bmal1, Clock, and Per1. However, the melatonin treatment restored glymphatic system function and the polarization of AQP4, while improving sleep structure, and rectifying the abnormal expression of Per2, Bmal1, Clock, and Per1 in CUMS mice. Interestingly, Per2 expression correlated negatively with the polarization of AQP4. Further studies demonstrated that Per2 directed the location of AQP4 expression via interactions with the α-dystrobrevin (Dtna) subunit of AQP4 in primary cultured astrocytes. In conclusion, we report a new mechanism whereby melatonin improves depression outcomes by regulating the expression of the circadian protein Per2, maintaining the circadian rhythm of astrocytic AQP4 polarization, and restoring glymphatic function.
Activity-dependent organization of prefrontal hub-networks for associative learning and signal transformation
Authors: Agetsuma Masakazu , Sato Issei , Tanaka Yasuhiro R. , Carrillo-Reid Luis , Kasai Atsushi , Noritake Atsushi , Arai Yoshiyuki , Yoshitomo Miki , Inagaki Takashi , Yukawa Hiroshi , Hashimoto Hitoshi , Nabekura Junichi , Nagai Takeharu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAssociative learning is crucial for adapting to environmental changes. Interactions among neuronal populations involving the dorso-medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) are proposed to regulate associative learning, but how these neuronal populations store and process information about the association remains unclear. Here we developed a pipeline for longitudinal two-photon imaging and computational dissection of neural population activities in male mouse dmPFC during fear-conditioning procedures, enabling us to detect learning-dependent changes in the dmPFC network topology. Using regularized regression methods and graphical modeling, we found that fear conditioning drove dmPFC reorganization to generate a neuronal ensemble encoding conditioned responses (CR) characterized by enhanced internal coactivity, functional connectivity, and association with conditioned stimuli (CS). Importantly, neurons strongly responding to unconditioned stimuli during conditioning subsequently became hubs of this novel associative network for the CS-to-CR transformation. Altogether, we demonstrate learning-dependent dynamic modulation of population coding structured on the activity-dependent formation of the hub network within the dmPFC.
A unified method to revoke the private data of patients in intelligent healthcare with audit to forget
Authors: Zhou Juexiao , Li Haoyang , Liao Xingyu , Zhang Bin , He Wenjia , Li Zhongxiao , Zhou Longxi , Gao Xin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRevoking personal private data is one of the basic human rights. However, such right is often overlooked or infringed upon due to the increasing collection and use of patient data for model training. In order to secure patients’ right to be forgotten, we proposed a solution by using auditing to guide the forgetting process, where auditing means determining whether a dataset has been used to train the model and forgetting requires the information of a query dataset to be forgotten from the target model. We unified these two tasks by introducing an approach called knowledge purification. To implement our solution, we developed an audit to forget software (AFS), which is able to evaluate and revoke patients’ private data from pre-trained deep learning models. Here, we show the usability of AFS and its application potential in real-world intelligent healthcare to enhance privacy protection and data revocation rights.
Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe
Authors: van der Woude Auke M. , Peters Wouter , Joetzjer Emilie , Lafont Sébastien , Koren Gerbrand , Ciais Philippe , Ramonet Michel , Xu Yidi , Bastos Ana , Botía Santiago , Sitch Stephen , de Kok Remco , Kneuer Tobias , Kubistin Dagmar , Jacotot Adrien , Loubet Benjamin , Herig-Coimbra Pedro-Henrique , Loustau Denis , Luijkx Ingrid T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe year 2022 saw record breaking temperatures in Europe during both summer and fall. Similar to the recent 2018 drought, close to 30% (3.0 million km2) of the European continent was under severe summer drought. In 2022, the drought was located in central and southeastern Europe, contrasting the Northern-centered 2018 drought. We show, using multiple sets of observations, a reduction of net biospheric carbon uptake in summer (56-62 TgC) over the drought area. Specific sites in France even showed a widespread summertime carbon release by forests, additional to wildfires. Partial compensation (32%) for the decreased carbon uptake due to drought was offered by a warm autumn with prolonged biospheric carbon uptake. The severity of this second drought event in 5 years suggests drought-induced reduced carbon uptake to no longer be exceptional, and important to factor into Europe’s developing plans for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions that rely on carbon uptake by forests.
Metal-free photoinduced C(sp3)–H/C(sp3)–H cross-coupling to access α‑tertiary amino acid derivatives
Authors: Li Yujun , Guo Shaopeng , Li Qing-Han , Zheng Ke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction is the most direct and efficient method for constructing α-tertiary amino acids (ATAAs), which avoids the pre-activation of C(sp3)-H substrates. However, the use of transition metals and harsh reaction conditions are still significant challenges for these reactions that urgently require solutions. This paper presents a mild, metal-free CDC reaction for the construction of ATAAs, which is compatible with various benzyl C-H substrates, functionalized C-H substrates, and alkyl substrates, with good regioselectivity. Notably, our method exhibits excellent functional group tolerance and late-stage applicability. According to mechanistic studies, the one-step synthesized and bench-stable N-alkoxyphtalimide generates a highly electrophilic trifluoro ethoxy radical that serves as a key intermediate in the reaction process and acts as a hydrogen atom transfer reagent. Therefore, our metal-free and additive-free method offers a promising strategy for the synthesis of ATAAs under mild conditions.
A molecular staging model for accurately dating the endometrial biopsy
Authors: Teh W. T. , Chung J. , Holdsworth-Carson S. J. , Donoghue J. F. , Healey M. , Rees H. C. , Bittinger S. , Obers V. , Sloggett C. , Kendarsari R. , Fung J. N. , Mortlock S. , Montgomery G. W. , Girling J. E. , Rogers P. A. W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNatural variability in menstrual cycle length, coupled with rapid changes in endometrial gene expression, makes it difficult to accurately define and compare different stages of the endometrial cycle. Here we develop and validate a method for precisely determining endometrial cycle stage based on global gene expression. Our ‘molecular staging model’ reveals significant and remarkably synchronised daily changes in expression for over 3400 endometrial genes throughout the cycle, with the most dramatic changes occurring during the secretory phase. Our study significantly extends existing data on the endometrial transcriptome, and for the first time enables identification of differentially expressed endometrial genes with increasing age and different ethnicities. It also allows reinterpretation of all endometrial RNA-seq and array data that has been published to date. Our molecular staging model will significantly advance understanding of endometrial-related disorders that affect nearly all women at some stage of their lives, such as heavy menstrual bleeding, endometriosis, adenomyosis, and recurrent implantation failure.
YTHDF2 facilitates aggresome formation via UPF1 in an m6A-independent manner
Authors: Hwang Hyun Jung , Park Tae Lim , Kim Hyeong-In , Park Yeonkyoung , Kim Geunhee , Song Chiyeol , Cho Won-Ki , Kim Yoon Ki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractYTHDF2 has been extensively studied and typified as an RNA-binding protein that specifically recognizes and destabilizes RNAs harboring N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal modification found in eukaryotic RNAs. In this study, we unravel the m6A-independent role of YTHDF2 in the formation of an aggresome, where cytoplasmic protein aggregates are selectively sequestered upon failure of protein homeostasis mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Downregulation of YTHDF2 in HeLa cells reduces the circularity of aggresomes and the rate of movement of misfolded polypeptides, inhibits aggresome formation, and thereby promotes cellular apoptosis. Mechanistically, YTHDF2 is recruited to a misfolded polypeptide-associated complex composed of UPF1, CTIF, eEF1A1, and DCTN1 through its interaction with UPF1. Subsequently, YTHDF2 increases the interaction between the dynein motor protein and the misfolded polypeptide-associated complex, facilitating the diffusion dynamics of the movement of misfolded polypeptides toward aggresomes. Therefore, our data reveal that YTHDF2 is a cellular factor involved in protein quality control.
Genomic analysis of advanced breast cancer tumors from talazoparib-treated gBRCA1/2mut carriers in the ABRAZO study
Authors: Turner Nicholas C. , Laird A. Douglas , Telli Melinda L. , Rugo Hope S. , Mailliez Audrey , Ettl Johannes , Grischke Eva-Maria , Mina Lida A. , Balmaña Judith , Fasching Peter A. , Hurvitz Sara A. , Hopkins Julia F. , Albacker Lee A. , Chelliserry Jijumon , Chen Ying , Conte Umberto , Wardley Andrew M. , Robson Mark E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThese analyses explore the impact of homologous recombination repair gene mutations, including BRCA1/2 mutations and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), on the efficacy of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor talazoparib in the open-label, two-cohort, Phase 2 ABRAZO trial in germline BRCA1/2-mutation carriers. In the evaluable intent-to-treat population (N = 60), 58 (97%) patients harbor ≥1 BRCA1/2 mutation(s) in tumor sequencing, with 95% (53/56) concordance between germline and tumor mutations, and 85% (40/47) of evaluable patients have BRCA locus loss of heterozygosity indicating HRD. The most prevalent non-BRCA tumor mutations are TP53 in patients with BRCA1 mutations and PIK3CA in patients with BRCA2 mutations. BRCA1- or BRCA2-mutated tumors show comparable clinical benefit within cohorts. While low patient numbers preclude correlations between HRD and efficacy, germline BRCA1/2 mutation detection from tumor-only sequencing shows high sensitivity and non-BRCA genetic/genomic events do not appear to influence talazoparib sensitivity in the ABRAZO trial.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02034916.
Alloy synthesis and processing by semi-supervised text mining
Authors: Wang Weiren , Jiang Xue , Tian Shaohan , Liu Pei , Lookman Turab , Su Yanjing , Xie Jianxin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlloy synthesis and processing determine the design of alloys with desired microstructure and properties. However, using data science to identify optimal synthesis-design routes from a specified set of starting materials has been limited by large-scale data acquisition. Text mining has made it possible to convert scientific text into structured data collections. Still, the complexity, diversity, and flexibility of synthesis and processing expressions, and the lack of annotated corpora with a gold standard severely hinder accurate and efficient extraction. Here we introduce a semi-supervised text mining method to extract the parameters corresponding to the sequence of actions of synthesis and processing. We automatically extract a total of 9853 superalloy synthesis and processing actions with chemical compositions from a corpus of 16,604 superalloy articles published up to 2022. These have then been used to capture an explicitly expressed synthesis factor for predicting γ′ phase coarsening. The synthesis factor derived from text mining significantly improves the performance of the data-driven γ′ size prediction model. The method thus complements the use of data-driven approaches in the search for relationships between synthesis and structures.
Quantifying innervation facilitated by deep learning in wound healing
Authors: Mehta Abijeet Singh , Teymoori Sam , Recendez Cynthia , Fregoso Daniel , Gallegos Anthony , Yang Hsin-Ya , Aslankoohi Elham , Rolandi Marco , Isseroff Roslyn Rivkah , Zhao Min , Gomez Marcella 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe peripheral nerves (PNs) innervate the dermis and epidermis, and are suggested to play an important role in wound healing. Several methods to quantify skin innervation during wound healing have been reported. Those usually require multiple observers, are complex and labor-intensive, and the noise/background associated with the immunohistochemistry (IHC) images could cause quantification errors/user bias. In this study, we employed the state-of-the-art deep neural network, Denoising Convolutional Neural Network (DnCNN), to perform pre-processing and effectively reduce the noise in the IHC images. Additionally, we utilized an automated image analysis tool, assisted by Matlab, to accurately determine the extent of skin innervation during various stages of wound healing. The 8 mm wound is generated using a circular biopsy punch in the wild-type mouse. Skin samples were collected on days 3, 7, 10 and 15, and sections from paraffin-embedded tissues were stained against pan-neuronal marker- protein-gene-product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) antibody. On day 3 and day 7, negligible nerve fibers were present throughout the wound with few only on the lateral boundaries of the wound. On day 10, a slight increase in nerve fiber density appeared, which significantly increased on day 15. Importantly, we found a positive correlation (R2 = 0.926) between nerve fiber density and re-epithelization, suggesting an association between re-innervation and re-epithelization. These results established a quantitative time course of re-innervation in wound healing, and the automated image analysis method offers a novel and useful tool to facilitate the quantification of innervation in the skin and other tissues.