bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy, Safety, and Efficiency in Robotic‐Assisted vs. Freehand Dental Implant Surgery: A 6‐Month Follow‐Up Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Jiaxian , Wang Yulan , Bai Yi , Chen Yan , Chen Zhenqi , Yan Qi , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess the implant accuracy, safety, and efficiency between robotic‐assisted and freehand dental implant placement with a half‐year follow‐up.MethodsPatients requiring single‐tooth implant restorations were recruited and randomized into two groups: robotic‐assisted surgery and freehand implant surgery. The accuracy of implant positioning was compared by assessing immediate postoperative CBCT scans against preoperative planning software. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded, and data were analyzed using an intention‐to‐treat approach. The time required for implant placement in each group was documented. A 6‐month follow‐up measured the implant survival rates.ResultsThe study included 24 patients (median age 36, 18 female). In the robotic‐assisted surgery group, the average platform global deviation, apex global deviation, and angular deviation were 0.70 ± 0.11 mm, 0.70 ± 0.12 mm, and 1.09° ± 0.67°, respectively. In the freehand implant surgery group, these measures were 1.24 ± 0.59 mm, 2.13 ± 1.26 mm, and 7.43° ± 6.12°, respectively, with statistically significant differences. Regarding the duration of surgery, the robotic‐assisted surgery group required 18.8 ± 4.89 min. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were similar across both groups, and the implant survival rate was 100% in both groups at the 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsThis study found that robot‐assisted implant placement offers higher accuracy in implant positioning compared to freehand placement, while requiring longer operation times. Future developments should focus on simplifying the registration and design of robot systems to enhance efficiency and facilitate their broader clinical adoption.
Exceptionally Preserved Setae: A Possible Morphological Synapomorphy of Cambrian Lophotrochozoans
Authors: Liang Yue , Topper Timothy P. , Holmer Lars E. , Hu Yazhou , Liu Fan , Zhang Zhifei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCambrian Lagerstätten yield exceptionally preserved fossils that have greatly improved our understanding of the origin and evolution of animal groups. Brachiopoda, a phylum of bivalved marine invertebrates nested firmly within the lophotrochozoan protostomes, are widely recovered in such Lagerstätten. The marginal chitinous setae (or chaetae) of brachiopods are the most commonly described soft tissue and have been interpreted as performing a defensive and/or sensory role. Despite their relatively common appearance in Cambrian Lagerstätten, the origin, function, and evolution of setae in the Brachiopoda is poorly known. Here, we document exquisitely preserved setal structures from South China and Laurentia paleocontinents giving new insights into their formation, microstructure and preservation mode. New setae typically make their appearance within the follicle of a neighbouring older seta and then branches off laterally forming its own follicle. Setal microstructure is likely to be composed of many canals, highly comparable to setae of their recent counterparts. Moreover, setae recovered from these palaeo‐continents present different preservation: aside from the normal preservation of iron oxides and carbonaceous ingredients, some compositions of calcium are also detected in this originally chitinous organization. Investigating the evolutionary origins of chitinous setae, a specialized type found notably in lophotrochozoans such as brachiopods and annelids, reveals its presence in early Cambrian stem groups. This character likely serves as a morphological synapomorphy in lophotrochozoan evolution. However, the dearth of morpho‐ultrastructure and comparative studies in Cambrian fossils presents a challenge in fully understanding this evolutionary development.
Permanent intramural stenting with polyethylene catheter to resolve parotid salivary duct stenosis secondary to sialolithiasis
Authors: Lahuerta M. , Figoli M. , Vitale V. , Velloso Alvarez A. 
Published: February 2025

SummarySialolithiasis is an uncommon condition of the salivary gland in the horse, primarily affecting the parotid salivary duct. Clinical signs may include salivary stasis within the gland and potential progression to sialadenitis, facial draining tract or a permanent fistula. A 19‐year‐old Warmblood gelding was referred with septic sialadenitis of the right parotid gland. A 4 cm sialolith was detected radiographically and removed surgically. Although surgery was uneventful and patency of the salivary duct was assessed intraoperatively, mild accumulation of saliva within the gland was noted 1 day later. A stenosis caudal to where the sialolith was lodged was diagnosed through contrast radiography. Balloon dilatation of the stenosis was attempted unsatisfactorily, and a polyethylene catheter was placed and sutured to the oral mucosa to maintain the parotid emptying. A week later, the oral portion of the catheter was chewed by the horse, preventing catheter removal without surgery. Subsequently, ultrasonographic and radiographic re‐evaluations were performed routinely to assess the patency of the catheter or complications associated with long‐term placement. After 1 year, no salivary stasis in the gland or complications were observed. This is the first description of successful long‐term indwelling catheter placement to resolve stenosis of the salivary duct. This procedure may offer a simple, economical and safe option compared to more complicated or invasive techniques previously described in horses, with excellent functional and cosmetic results.
Muscle transposition graft for closure of a permanent tracheostoma in a Quarter Horse mare
Authors: Stemmet G. P. , Labens R. 
Published: February 2025

SummaryPermanent tracheostomy is sometimes required in horses with severe and irreversible obstructive upper airway conditions. Abnormal respiratory noise and altered vocalisation may be of concern to owners and its influence on mare‐foal recognition and bonding should be considered. Reversal of a permanent tracheostoma in the horse has not been described. This case report presents the case of a 13‐year‐old Quarter Horse mare with a longstanding permanent tracheostoma that underwent primary surgical closure of the stoma 6 years after resolution of the underlying disease. It demonstrates the value of considering surgical closure of permanent stomata when underlying conditions have resolved or improved and animal welfare implications are observed.
Fatigue Short Crack Growth Prediction of Additively Manufactured Alloy Based on Ensemble Learning
Authors: Huang Qinghui , Hu Dianyin , Wang Rongqiao , Sergeichev Ivan , Sun Jingyu , Qian Guian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn situ fatigue crack propagation experiment was conducted on laser cladding with coaxial powder feeding (LCPF) K477 under various stress ratios and temperatures. Multiple crack initiation sites were observed by using in situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fatigue short crack growth rate was measured, and the impacts of temperature and stress ratio on this growth rate were analyzed. Based on these experiments, the experimental data were expanded, and three ensemble learning algorithms, that is, random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), were employed to establish a fatigue short crack growth rate model controlled by multiple parameters. It is indicated that the RF model performs the best, achieving a coefficient of determination (R2) of up to 0.88. The fatigue life predicted by the machine learning (ML) method agrees well with the experimental one.
Managing Helicobacter pylori as an Infectious Disease: Implementation of Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Hsu Jen‐Yu , Wu Un‐In , Wang Jann‐Tay , Sheng Wang‐Huei , Chen Yee‐Chun , Chang Shan‐Chwen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHelicobacter pylori is prevalent globally and implicated in various gastric diseases and malignancies. Rising antibiotic resistance has increasingly compromised the effectiveness of standard H. pylori eradication therapies. This review explores the role of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) as a structured approach to optimizing H. pylori management through the “5D” strategy: Diagnosis—utilizing advanced diagnostic tools to accurately detect bacterial resistance; Drug—selecting antibiotics tailored to resistance profiles and patient‐specific factors; Dosage—optimizing dosing and frequency based on pharmacokinetic properties to maximize efficacy; Duration—employing shorter treatment courses where supported by evidence; and Discontinuation—balancing the benefits and risks of repeated antibiotic treatments. We discuss recent advances in diagnostic technologies, such as polymerase chain reaction and next‐generation sequencing, and their impact on therapeutic decision‐making. Additionally, we evaluate treatment regimens, with a particular focus on emerging alternatives such as regimens containing potassium‐competitive acid blockers. Given the growing global resistance and limited pipeline for new antibiotics, we advocate for a more strategic and resource‐conscious approach to H. pylori management, integrating AMS principles within the “One Health” framework to address the pathogen's transmission across humans, animals, and the environment. With advancements in resistance testing and diagnostics, H. pylori therapies are likely to become increasingly personalized and precise. To achieve this, effective AMS implementation necessitates interdisciplinary collaboration to maximize therapeutic outcomes, minimize adverse effects, combat resistance, and reduce healthcare costs.
Patterns of Health Services and Medicine Utilisation by First‐Generation Pakistani Immigrants in New Zealand
Authors: Mann Noor A. , Khan Zain A. , Asghar Saima , Rani Afshan , Hussain Nadia , Akhtar Sumera S. , Heydon Susan , Anwar Mudassir 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe health‐seeking patterns of the increasing Pakistani migrant population in New Zealand (NZ) is a subject of limited research in current literature. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate and understand the patterns of health services utilisation and medicine usage among first‐generation Pakistani immigrants in NZ.MethodsConvenience and snowball sampling using social media platforms were used to conduct eleven semi‐structured interviews consisting of two participants per interview. The interviews were audio‐taped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed iteratively using an inductive thematic approach.ResultsSelf‐medication emerged as a common practice by the majority of the participants and this practice stemmed from personal experiences, existing knowledge, and personal and cultural beliefs. However, participants had limited knowledge of the NZ health system and community pharmacy services and this led to conflicting expectations and outcomes. These factors serve as barriers to healthcare access for Pakistani immigrants and can result in adverse health outcomes and higher rates of dissatisfaction.ConclusionThis study highlights the healthcare challenges and behaviours of Pakistani immigrants in NZ, emphasising their reliance on traditional remedies and self‐medication. While appreciating the quality of NZ's healthcare, participants faced barriers like cost and lack of awareness of pharmacy services. The findings call for culturally tailored strategies to improve accessibility and healthcare experiences for immigrants.Patient or Public ContributionTwo individuals from the Pakistani community, not part of the study, contributed to the design by offering feedback and pilot testing the interview guide. Based on their input, adjustments were made to enhance the clarity of the questions from a patient's or public viewpoint. No new questions were proposed as a result of this feedback.
‘“Health” Is Just One Piece in the Puzzle of Wellbeing’: Shifting From Preventing Health Deterioration to Improving Wellbeing in a Participatory Action Research Project With Care‐Experienced Older People
Authors: Wallcook Sarah , Dahlkvist Ulla , Domeij Yvonne , Green Kerstin , Isaksson Gigi , Goliath Ida 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionPrevention of health deterioration is a key policy objective in Sweden informed by active and healthy ageing initiatives. However, the perspectives of older people with mobility and health limitations on current prevention initiatives are seldom gained meaning these initiatives may fail to align to with the priorities of people whose health has ostensibly already deteriorated. We aimed to explore older care‐experienced people's perspectives on the topic of health deterioration prevention and highlight aspects that they think are important to prioritise.MethodEight older people with experience in giving or receiving formal or informal care were involved as lay co‐researchers in a participatory action research project that involved recruiting 11 further older informants to participate in peer interviews or complete a logbook. In a series of 13, 2‐h workshops held over 1 year, we undertook data generation, training, reflection and analytic activities inspired by framework analysis.FindingsThe lay co‐researchers found the topic of health deterioration to be negatively and narrowly focussed opting instead to pursue a focus on articulating aspects, or puzzle pieces, that influence the improvement of wellbeing. Six influential puzzle pieces (stigma, digitalisation, services, losses, meaning and interactions) were regarded as important to prioritise which together illustrated that wellbeing is continually shaped in an interplay with dominant, but manipulable, social norms.ConclusionThis study highlights how the language of active and healthy ageing, which pervades policy and practice, is imbued with ageist and ableist subtexts that can influence older people's wellbeing and lead to exclusionary experiences in society. We highlight wider societal trends, particularly digitalisation and effectivisation, whose negative impact on older people's wellbeing could be mitigated through inclusive co‐design and resistance to normative influences.Public ContributionThis project was initiated in dialogue with stakeholder representatives from pensioner organisations in a larger scale participatory action research project. The care‐experienced lay co‐researchers collaborated in all phases of this project—gaining funding, formulating research questions, planning the study design, generating data in peer interviews, analysing and interpreting data, disseminating findings, prioritising future research and co‐authoring articles.
DOMESTIC AND EXTERNAL SOVEREIGN DEBT
Authors: Di Casola Paola , Sichlimiris Spyridon 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe develop a model that features costly market segmentation and financial repression to link domestic and external sovereign debt with default. In a financially repressed economy, a government that exploits its market power in the domestic economy can also increase its external debt capacity, owing to a novel, additional endogenous cost of default. A government forfeits the gains from trading in segmented debt markets when it defaults. Among other empirical regularities, our model can account for the heterogeneity in sovereign debt levels of nonadvanced economies, based on their level of financial development.
Drone‐enabled material handling in smart manufacturing
Authors: Jiménez‐Sarda Julio , Silva Daniel F. , Smith Alice E. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAmidst labor shortages, increasing land prices, and other aspects of the post‐pandemic world, our logistics chain must consider new technological alternatives. Automated material handling equipment often requires valuable floor space and specialized layouts. Uncrewed aerial vehicles, popularly called drones, offer a flexible and cost‐effective alternative. To explore the potential benefits and challenges of such systems, we used a version of the multi‐trip vehicle routing problem with time windows to model two realistic manufacturing environments as use cases. We provide the mixed integer linear programming formulation of this problem and compare results with those of a human‐only based system in a detailed simulated environment. Furthermore, as a physical proof‐of‐concept, we outfitted a commercially available drone with pick‐up and carry capabilities. We found that, even with limited drone carrying capacity, there are economic benefits realized from time savings, compared to ground‐based material handling systems. Besides these time savings, drones are sustainable as they operate on battery power and do not impair the air quality or the traffic experienced on the ground.
Daily Evaluation Threat and Instability in the Ability Self‐Concept Among Stereotype‐Aware Women
Authors: Meinderts Iris , Veldman Jenny , Van Laar Colette 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA clear and stable notion of one's abilities in a field is an important predictor of interest and motivation. The present study examines whether the development of this clear and stable ability self‐concept is undermined for people facing negative stereotyping because of exposure to daily evaluation threats. As such, the present study examines a novel explanation for the leaky pipeline phenomenon that members of negatively stereotyped groups disproportionally opt out of fields. A daily diary study among 205 female psychology students (N = 1390 data points) showed that awareness of ingroup‐stereotyping related to more daily fear that others negatively evaluate their statistical abilities. This daily evaluation threat related negatively, within and across days, to fluctuations in clarity and certainty of the ability self‐concept—indicating that the ability self‐concept is more unstable for people experiencing more daily evaluation‐threat. Lower clarity and certainty of the ability self‐concept was, in turn, related to lower statistics interest and motivation, speaking to the importance of a clear and stable ability self‐concept for goal pursuit.
Rehabilitation Management of Neck Pain—Development of a Diagnostic Framework Based on the Pain and Disability Drivers Management Model
Authors: Gerard Thomas , Naye Florian , Decary Simon , Langevin Pierre , Cook Chad , Tousignant‐Laflamme Yannick 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRationaleNeck pain is a major cause of disability worldwide, and current rehabilitation strategies show limited effectiveness. Subgrouping patients by their primary pain and disability drivers can help tailor treatments. At this end, the Pain and Disability Drivers Management (PDDM) was developed and has demonstrated preliminary effectiveness in the management of low back pain. Nevertheless, the PDDM model was only validated for this population. Adapting this framework to patients with neck pain would provide a more global view of the patient's experience of pain and support a genuine biopsychosocial intervention.Aims and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to develop and validate the content of the PDDM model for patients living with neck pain.MethodsThrough a modified DELPHI study design, participants with clinical and research expertize in rehabilitation of neck pain were invited to participate. A questionnaire was developed using literature reviews and endorsed by a steering committee. The relevance of each element of the newly adapted model was evaluated on a 4‐point Likert scale. An item reached consensus if it obtained the predefined threshold of > 78% “relevant” and “very relevant.” Participants left comments on terminology and recommended items to add in early rounds. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed.ResultsAn invitation was sent to 1650 potential participants, from which 155 accessed the survey, 64 completed the first round and 55 the second round. A total of 70 elements met consensus and were distributed across six domains: “Nociceptive pain drivers”, “nociplastic pain drivers,” “drivers associated with neuropathic pain”, “comorbidity drivers”, “cognitive‐emotional drivers” and “environmental or lifestyle drivers, and social determinants of health.”ConclusionThrough a modified DELPHI study, the PDDM model was updated and adapted to people with neck pain. Subsequent steps include clinical integration and measures of efficacy when used for assessment/treatment.
Long‐Term Liver Morbidity and Mortality After Hepatitis C Virus Elimination by Direct‐Acting Antivirals
Authors: Ogawa Eiichi , Kawano Akira , Kohjima Motoyuki , Koyanagi Toshimasa , Dohmen Kazufumi , Ooho Aritsune , Satoh Takeaki , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Furusyo Norihiro , Kajiwara Eiji , Azuma Koichi , Ichiki Yasunori , Sugimoto Rie , Amagase Hiromasa , Senju Takeshi , Tanaka Masatake , Nakamuta Makoto , Nomura Hideyuki , Hayashi Jun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimMore accurate stratification of patients with chronic hepatitis C after permanent hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance by direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) is important for improving long‐term surveillance and treatment. The aim of this study was to stratify patients with chronic hepatitis C who are at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after HCV cure.MethodsThis multicenter, retrospective cohort study included 3177 consecutive adult chronic hepatitis C patients without decompensated cirrhosis who were treated with all‐oral DAAs. The primary study endpoints were long‐term cumulative de novo HCC incidence, HCC recurrence rates, and survival. Additionally, we analyzed the development of HCC by patients without cirrhosis, stratified by age and fibrosis status according to the FIB‐4 index.ResultsAfter exclusions, data from 3024 patients were available for analysis. The overall median follow‐up period was 6.5 years. None of the patients with non‐cirrhosis/FIB‐4 < 1.45 (n = 475) developed HCC regardless of background factors. For patients with non‐cirrhosis/FIB‐4 ≥ 3.25, older age had a greater impact on HCC incidence (log‐rank test: p = 0.038). In addition, metabolic factors, including body mass index and diabetes mellitus, were not related to HCC incidence. HCC recurrence commonly occurred within 5 years after HCV cure; nevertheless, HCV cure contributed to an improvement of survival rates.ConclusionsAge is a pivotal factor in predicting de novo HCC development following HCV cure in patients with moderate to advanced fibrosis. Conversely, patients with mild fibrosis (FIB‐4 < 1.45) may be eligible for discharge from specialized care after achieving HCV elimination.