bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avoiding never events in orthopaedics theatres: a quality improvement project
Authors: Bhavanasi Bhaskar Amarnath , Kulkarni Shrikant 
Published: January 2025

Never events in the operating room are a surgeon’s nightmare, with an incidence rate of 54%. These events are highly stressful for theatre staff and significantly compromise patient safety. The aim of this project is to avoid never events in trauma and orthopaedic theatres by ensuring that theatre staff adhere to the surgical pause and imaging pause protocols through regular audits.This prospective study was conducted in both trauma and elective orthopaedic theatres. It involved theatre staff members who were not part of the surgical team. The study was designed to take place on random days across different theatres, with the operating team unaware of the audit to ensure genuine behaviour and compliance.The audits focused on observing whether the surgical and imaging pause protocols were followed correctly. These protocols are critical for verifying patient identity, the surgical site, and the specific procedure and confirming the correct imaging is available and reviewed before proceeding. Data collected and corrective actions were implemented when non-compliance was observed, and data on compliance rates were systematically collected and analysed.Preliminary results indicate a substantial increase in compliance with both the surgical and imaging pause protocols, corresponding with a reduction in the occurrence of never events. Theatre staff reported improved understanding and confidence in performing these safety checks The use of external auditors who were not part of the surgical team provided an unbiased assessment of compliance, enhancing the reliability of the findings.In conclusion, the project demonstrates that regular audits, and data collected by non-surgical team staff, significantly improve adherence to surgical and imaging pause protocols, thereby reducing the incidence of never events in trauma and orthopaedic theatres. This approach highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and education in fostering a culture of safety and precision in surgical practice.
Plasma membrane-coated nanoparticles and membrane vesicles to orchestrate multimodal antitumor immunity
Authors: Ito Yusuke , Kasuya Hitomi , Kataoka Mirei , Nakamura Noriko , Yoshikawa Toshiaki , Nakashima Takahiro , Zhang Haosong , Li Yang , Matsukawa Tetsuya , Inoue Satoshi , Oneyama Chitose , Ohta Seiichi , Kagoya Yuki 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundA number of immunotherapeutic approaches have been developed and are entering the clinic. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are one of these modalities and induce robust efficacy by endogenous T cells in several hematological malignancies. However, most of the treated patients experience only a temporary benefit. Currently available BsAbs provide only anti-CD3 antibody-mediated T-cell stimulation, but not the costimulation or cytokine signaling essential for full T-cell activation. Here, we hypothesized that the simultaneous input of more comprehensive signals would elicit more robust and durable effector T-cell functions.MethodsWe genetically engineered the leukemia cell line K562 to express BsAbs, costimulatory ligands, cytokines, and blocking antibodies against immune checkpoint molecules on the cell surface, from which we obtained plasma membrane fractions by mechanical homogenization and subsequent isolation steps. Plasma membranes were reconstituted on the poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) surface to generate membrane-coated nanoparticles (NPs). Alternatively, nano-sized membrane vesicles (MVs) were generated by ultrasonic dispersion of the isolated membranes. The antitumor function of NPs and MVs loaded with various immunomodulatory factors was evaluated in vitro and in vivo.ResultsBoth membrane-coated NPs and MVs induced BsAb-mediated antigen-specific cytotoxic activity in non-specific T cells, with MVs inducing a slightly better response in vivo. Importantly, T-cell activation was elicited only in the presence of target tumor cells, providing a safety advantage for clinical use. NPs and MVs expressing costimulatory molecules (CD80/4-1BBL) and cytokines (interleukin (IL)-7/IL-15) further enhanced effector T-cell function and induced therapeutic efficacy in vivo. In addition, MVs expressing immune checkpoint antibodies and inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-18 induced objective antitumor responses in solid tumor models partly by converting immunosuppressive macrophages to proinflammatory phenotypes and inducing cytotoxic T-cell infiltration into the tumor. Finally, we showed that MVs were also engineered to activate natural killer (NK) cells by loading multiple ligands. MVs loaded with BsAbs, 4-1BBL, IL-15, and IL-21 induced NK-cell cytotoxic activity in an antigen-specific manner.ConclusionsWe developed antitumor NPs and MVs that efficiently induced antitumor immune responses in vivo by simultaneously delivering multiple immunostimulatory signals to endogenous T cells. This platform enables the delivery of desired combinations of antitumor immune signals into T cells and NK cells.
Transient lymphocyte count decrease correlates with oncolytic adenovirus efficacy in humans: mechanistic and biomarker findings from TUNIMO phase I trial
Authors: Pakola Santeri A , Clubb James H A , Kudling Tatiana V , van der Heijden Mirte , Jirovec Elise , Arias Victor , Haybout Lyna , Peltola Katriina , Alanko Tuomo , Sormunen Jorma , Pellinen Teijo , Taipale Kristian , Quixabeira Dafne C A , Kistler Claudia , Havunen Riikka , Sorsa Suvi , Santos Joao M , Cervera-Carrascon Victor , Hemminki Akseli 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundOncolytic viruses (OVs) are promising immunotherapeutics to treat immunologically cold tumors. However, research on the mechanism of action of OVs in humans and clinically relevant biomarkers is still sparse. To induce strong T-cell responses against solid tumors, TILT-123 (Ad5/3-E2F-d24-hTNFa-IRES-hIL2, igrelimogene litadenorepvec) was developed. TILT-123 encodes two transgenes: tumor necrosis alpha (TNFa) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). TUNIMO (NCT04695327) was a phase I clinical trial using TILT-123 in patients with advanced solid tumors aiming to assess the safety, efficacy, and immunological effects of TILT-123. Research presented in this study evaluated the immunological effects of TILT-123 in the TUNIMO trial by using biological samples collected from the patients during the study, with an objective to leverage the findings to develop possible biomarkers of response and gain insights into possible synergistic combination treatments.Methods20 patients with advanced solid tumors were treated with TILT-123. Response to therapy was assessed with contrast-enhanced CT and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, along with overall survival (OS) calculation. Biological samples from patients were collected in the form of blood and tumor biopsies. Collected samples were analyzed with immunohistochemistry, transcriptomics, proteomics, and flow cytometry.ResultsTILT-123 induced cyclical decreases in blood lymphocyte count, and more substantial blood lymphocyte count correlated with better radiographical response and longer OS. Lymphocyte count findings were confirmed with external control dataset of 96 patients. More substantial lymphocyte count change was linked to stronger immune activation in plasma proteome after intravenous TILT-123 and the presence of TILT-123 mRNA in tumors. Regarding other assays. tumor biopsies profiled showed increased amounts of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and NK cells after intravenous TILT-123, but not after intratumoral TILT-123. Transcriptional differences were seen in tumors after intravenous therapy and intratumoral therapy, with patients benefitting therapy showing stronger downregulation of immune activation at all time points.ConclusionsTILT-123 therapy induced accumulation of effector lymphocytes in tumors. Peripheral lymphocyte count decrease is a promising biomarker for assessing oncolytic adenovirus therapy response.
Addressing residual and recurrent aneurysms post-Woven EndoBridge device embolization: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jaikumar Vinay , Lim Jaims , Moser Matthew D , Okai Bernard , Francois Hendrick , Cadar Ana E , Waqas Muhammad , Monteiro Andre , Lai Pui Man Rosalind , Davies Jason M , Snyder Kenneth V , Levy Elad I , Siddiqui Adnan H 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundEarly literature on the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device reported 80–90% adequate aneurysm occlusion but low complete occlusion (40–55%). It is uncertain whether residual or recurrent aneurysms require re-treatment to prevent future rupture.ObjectiveTo systematically review the literature to meta-analyze occlusion and complication rates after re-treatment of these aneurysms.MethodsPubMed and EMBASE were queried for ‘re-treatment’ of ‘recurrent’ or ‘residual’ aneurysms treated with the WEB device. Studies reporting strategies and outcomes were included. Patient and aneurysm characteristics, outcomes, and complications were extracted. Meta-analyses were conducted on variables reported by three or more studies.ResultsWe included 15 studies of 220 patients (220 aneurysms) with a mean age of 57.8 years (95% CI 55.1 to 60.7 years). At baseline, 42.8% (95% CI 35% to 51%) of aneurysms were ruptured, had a mean 8.6 mm dome (95% CI 7.3 to 10 mm) and a mean 5.2 mm neck (95% CI 4.7 to 5.7 mm), and 69.85% were at bifurcations (95% CI 47.63% to 85.51%). At mean 11.2 months' follow-up (95% CI 8 to 15.6 months), 75.9% (95% CI 66.1% to 83.5%) had residual dome filling, predominantly from incomplete occlusion in 84.7% of cases (95% CI 66.6% to 93.9%). Endovascular management was used in 82.5% (95% CI 72.6% to 89.3%) of recurrences, with stent-assisted or flow diverter-assisted coil embolization being used in 42.4% (95% CI 32.7% to 52.8%). Overall, complication rates were 8.9% (95% CI 4.9% to 15.6%) thromboembolic and 8% (95% CI 4.3% to 14.2%) device-related. Complete angiographic occlusion after re-treatment was achieved in 64.1% (95% CI 52.6% to 74.2%), of patients, with 15.2% (95% CI 8.8% to 24.9%) requiring additional re-treatment.ConclusionOur review reports excellent safety and modest occlusion outcomes with re-treatment of recurrent or residual aneurysms post-WEB embolization. Outcomes with observational management of residual or recurrent aneurysms are lacking, questioning the requirement for re-treatment. Endovascular strategies demonstrated excellent safety and additional re-treatment rates, highlighting their expanding role in post-WEB recurrences.
Workflow improvements from automated large vessel occlusion detection algorithms are dependent on care team engagement
Authors: Ebirim Emmanuel C , Le Ngoc Mai , Samaha Joseph N , Azeem Hussain , Iyyangar Ananya , Ballekere Anjan N , Dhanjani Saagar , Giancardo Luca , Lee Eunyoung , Sheth Sunil A 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAutomated machine learning (ML)‐based large vessel occlusion (LVO) detection algorithms have been shown to improve in‐hospital workflow metrics including door-to-groin time (DTG). The degree to which care team engagement and interaction are required for these benefits remains incompletely characterized.MethodsThis analysis was conducted as a pre‐planned post-hoc analysis of a randomized prospective clinical trial. ML‐based LVO detection software was implemented at four comprehensive stroke centers (CSCs) from January 1, 2021, to February 27, 2022. Patients were included if they underwent endovascular thrombectomy for LVO acute ischemic stroke. ML software utilization was quantified as the total number of active users and the ratio of the number of comments to the number of patients analyzed by the software by site per week. Primary outcome was the reduction in DTG relative to pre‐ML implementation by hospital utilization level. Data are expressed as median (IQR).ResultsAmong 101 patients who met the inclusion criteria, the median age was 71 years (IQR 59–79), with 48.5% being female. CSC 4 had the greatest number of total active users per week (32.5 (27.5–34.5)), and comment-to-patient ratio per week (5.8 (4.6–6.9)). Increased ML software utilization was associated with improvements in DTG reduction. For every 1 unit increase in the comment-to-patient ratio, DTG time decreased by 2.6 (95% CI −5.09 to –0.13) min, while accounting for site-level random effects. Number of users-to-patient was not associated with a reduction in DTG time (β=−0.22, 95% CI −1.78 to 1.33).ConclusionsIn this post-hoc analysis, user engagement with software, rather than total number of users, was associated with site-specific improvements in DTG time.
Dark coloured scalars impact on single and di-Higgs production at the LHC
Authors: Gabriel Pedro , Mühlleitner Margarete , Neacsu Daniel , Santos Rui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The search for Dark Matter (DM) at colliders is primarily pursued via the detection of missing energy in particular final states. These searches are based on the production and decay processes where final states include DM particles and at least one Standard Model (SM) particle. DM will then reveal itself as missing energy. An alternative form to get a hint of a dark sector is via loop contribution to SM processes. In this case, it is not even relevant if the new particles have their origin in the dark sector of the model. In this work we discuss the impact of an arbitrary number of coloured scalars with

$$Z_2$$

Z
2

-odd parity in single Higgs and double Higgs production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and we show their complementarity. We determine the range of variation of the corrections relative to the SM for an arbitrary number of coloured scalars n. We discuss the cases

$$n=1$$

n
=
1

and

$$n=2$$

n
=
2

for a specific model in more detail, which includes direct searches at the LHC. We also find that the electroweak observable T parameter imposes significant restrictions on the difference of the heavy coloured scalar masses.
A Comprehensive Survey of Benchmarks for Improvement of Software's Non-Functional Properties
Authors: Blot Aymeric , Petke Justyna 
Published: January 2025

Despite recent increase in research on improvement of non-functional properties of software, such as energy usage or program size, there is a lack of standard benchmarks for such work. This absence hinders progress in the field, and raises questions about the representativeness of current benchmarks of real-world software.
To address these issues and facilitate further research on improvement of non-functional properties of software, we conducted a comprehensive survey on the benchmarks used in the field thus far. We searched five major online repositories of research work, collecting 5,499 publications (4,066 unique), and systematically identified relevant papers to construct a rich and diverse corpus of 425 relevant studies.

We find that execution time is the most frequently improved property in research work (63%), while multi-objective improvement is rarely considered (7%). Static approaches for improvement of non-functional software properties are prevalent (51%), with exploratory approaches (18% evolutionary and 15% non-evolutionary) increasingly popular in the last 10 years. Only 39% of the 425 papers describe work that uses benchmark suites, rather than single software, of those SPEC is most popular (63 papers). We also provide recommendations for future work, noting, for instance, lack of benchmarks for non-functional improvement that covers Python, JavaScript, or mobile devices. All the details regarding the 425 identified papers are available on our dedicated webpage:
https://bloa.github.io/nfunc_survey
.
Mitigation of Pitting on Nitrogen-Doped Niobium Surfaces through Two-Step Electropolishing
Authors: Chouhan V. , Ring T. , Wu G. , Viklund E. 
Published: January 2025

Surface processing of niobium superconducting RF cavities used in particle accelerators is crucial for determining their performance. The nitrogen (N)-doping method, developed at Fermilab, enhances the cavities’ quality factor by doping the cavity’s interior surface with N atoms at 800 °C. After N-doping, electropolishing (EP) is employed to remove the niobium nitride phases and attain the desired concentration of interstitial N atoms. This study explores the effects of EP conditions on N-doped niobium samples. The samples were electropolished at 5 to 40 °C and voltages between 3 and 22 V. Different EP voltage ranges produced two types of pits, classified based on their sizes. Larger pits, linked to higher voltages, are also affected by the reaction rate. Pitting could be reduced at a lower temperature and adequate EP voltage. However, to effectively minimize gas evolution forming large-sized pitting, peeling off the top nitride layer before EP might be beneficial. This was achieved through precise low-voltage etching, forming a two-step EP process. The process involves removing the top 100–200 nm layer at a low voltage, followed by standard EP to remove the required material. This two-step EP process effectively mitigated the pitting risk associated with gas evolution on N-doped surfaces.
Artificial Intelligence–Based Psychotherapeutic Intervention on Psychological Outcomes: A Meta‐Analysis and Meta‐Regression
Authors: Lau Ying , Ang Wei How Darryl , Ang Wen Wei , Pang Patrick Cheong-Iao , Wong Sai Ho , Chan Kin Sun 
Published: January 2025

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI)–based psychotherapeutic interventions may bring a new and viable approach to expanding psychiatric care. However, evidence of their effectiveness remains scarce. We evaluated the efficacy of AI‐based psychotherapeutic interventions on depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms at postintervention and follow‐up assessments.Methods: A three‐step comprehensive search via nine electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses) was performed.Results: Thirty randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in 31 publications involving 6100 participants from nine countries were included. The majority (79.1%) of trials with intention‐to‐treat analysis but less than half (48.6%) of trials with perprotocol analysis were graded as low risk. Meta‐analyses showed that interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms at the postintervention assessment (t = −4.40, p = 0.001) with medium effect size (g = −0.54, 95% CI: −0.79 to −0.29) and at 6–12 months of assessment (t = −3.14, p < 0.016) with small effect size (g = −0.23, 95% CI: −0.40 to −0.06) in comparison with comparators. Our subgroup analyses revealed that the depressed participants had a significantly larger effect size in reducing depressive symptoms than participants with stress and other conditions. At postintervention and follow‐up assessments, we discovered that AI‐based psychotherapeutic interventions did not significantly alter anxiety, stress, and the total scores of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in comparison to comparators. The random‐effects univariate meta‐regression did not identify any significant covariates for depressive and anxiety symptoms at postintervention. The certainty of evidence ranged between moderate and very low.Conclusions: AI‐based psychotherapeutic interventions can be used in addition to usual treatments for reducing depressive symptoms. Well‐designed RCTs with long‐term follow‐up data are warranted.Trial Registration: CRD42022330228
Absolute Risk Prediction for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Adaptable to Regional Disease Burden across Diverse Regions
Authors: Liu Mengfei , Huang Yi , Tian Hongrui , Guo Chuanhai , Liu Zhen , Liu Anxiang , Yang Haijun , Li Fenglei , Duan Liping , Shen Lin , Wu Qi , Shi Chao , Pan Yaqi , Liu Fangfang , Liu Ying , Chen Huanyu , Hu Zhe , Cai Hong , He Zhonghu , Ke Yang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) exhibits a long latency period and has a significant geographic disparity in incidence, which underscores the need for models predicting the long-term absolute risk adaptable to the regional disease burden.

Methods:
A total of 31,883 participants in a large-scale population-based screening trial (Hua County, China) were enrolled to develop the model. Severe dysplasia and above cases identified at screening or follow-up were defined as the outcome. We calculated the absolute risk in three steps: (i) constructing a relative risk model using logistic regression, (ii) calculating the age-specific baseline hazard, and (iii) adjusting for the competing risk of all-cause death excluding ESCC. Flexible incidence rate parameters were integrated into the model to ensure its relevance across diverse regions worldwide.

Results:
A total of 295 severe dysplasia and above cases were detected. The relative risk model consisted of old age, male gender, an irregular meal pattern, a preference for hot or hard food, a BMI of less than 22 kg/m2, and ESCC family history. The AUC was 0.753 (95% confidence interval, 0.749–0.757). The averaged 5-and 10-year absolute risk were 0.53% and 1.30% among participants. Based on our model, we developed an online calculator and incorporated flexible incidence rate parameters, demonstrating ideal risk stratification tailored to regions with varying disease burdens (https://pkugenetics.shinyapps.io/escc_risk_prediction/).

Conclusions:
We developed an absolute risk model to predict individualized long-term risk of ESCC, accounting for the local disease burden.

Impact:
This model has the potential to mitigate the global burden of ESCC by enabling targeted screening and personalized prevention strategies.
Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Nocturnal Hypoxemia With the Circadian Rhythm of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Liu Xiaochen , Wang Bin , Hao Wen , Qiu Yuyao , Guo Qian , Guo Yingying , Xin Qingjie , Fan Jingyao , Que Bin , Gong Wei , Zheng Wen , Wang Xiao , Nie Shaoping 
Published: January 2025

Background
The circadian rhythm of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains disputable and no studies have directly evaluated the relationship between nocturnal hypoxemia and the circadian rhythm of MI. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the association of OSA and nocturnal hypoxemia with MI onset during the night.

Methods
Patients with MI in the OSA‐acute coronary syndrome (ACS) project (NCT03362385) were recruited. The time of MI onset was identified by patient's report of the chest pain that prompted hospital admission. All patients underwent an overnight sleep study using a type III portable sleep monitoring device after clinical stabilization during hospitalization. The difference in circadian variation of MI onset was evaluated between patients with moderate/severe OSA and non/mild OSA and those with or without nocturnal hypoxemia. Nocturnal hypoxemia was evaluated using 3 variables, including oxygen desaturation index, minimum oxygen saturation, and total sleep time with saturation <90%.

Results

Among 713 patients enrolled, 398 (55.8%) had moderate/severe OSA (apnea‐hypopnea index ≥15 events·h − 1). Compared with the non/mild OSA group, the MI onset was significantly increased in the moderate/severe OSA group between midnight to 5:59
am
in 6‐hour epochs analysis (26.9% versus 18.4%,
P
=0.008). Only in patients with both moderate/severe OSA and nocturnal hypoxemia, including oxygen desaturation index ≥15, minimum oxygen saturation ≤86%, and total sleep time with saturation <90% ≥2%, the incidence of MI onset between midnight to 5:59
am
was significantly increased. Moderate/severe OSA (adjusted odds ratio 1.66 [95% CI, 1.13–2.43];
P
=0.01) and nocturnal hypoxemia (oxygen desaturation index ≥15 model, adjusted odds ratio 1.80, [95% CI, 1.21–2.66]; minimum oxygen saturation ≤86% model, adjusted odds ratio 1.70 [95% CI, 1.16–2.47];
P
=0.006; total sleep time with saturation <90% ≥2% model, adjusted odds ratio 1.54 [95% CI, 1.04–2.27];
P
=0.03) significantly predicted MI occurrence from midnight to 6:00
am
.

Conclusions

A peak of incident MI onset between midnight to 5:59
am
was observed in patients with moderate/severe OSA, especially in those presenting with nocturnal hypoxemia.