bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guided versus non‐guided digital psychological interventions for cancer patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of engagement and efficacy
Authors: Akdemir Aleyna , Smith Allan “Ben” , Wu Verena Shuwen , Rincones Orlando , Russell Hayley , Lyhne Johanne Dam , Kemp Emma , David Michael , Bamgboje‐Ayodele Adeola 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate engagement with and efficacy of guided versus non‐guided digital interventions targeting psychological symptoms of cancer via a systematic review of current evidence.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, PsychINFO, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases were searched. Eligible publications were randomised controlled trials of guided or non‐guided digital psychological interventions used in cancer settings reporting intervention efficacy and/or engagement. Study methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool. Random effects meta‐analyses were performed on outcomes with sufficient data, with sub‐group analyses of intervention type and follow‐up period.ResultsForty‐three studies were included. Studies varied by level of guidance, type of technology used, duration, and outcomes assessed. Most studies had a high overall RoB. Meta‐analysis indicated that guided interventions significantly reduced distress, anxiety, and fatigue, while non‐guided did not. For depression and quality of life, both guided and non‐guided interventions produced significant improvements. Guided interventions reported higher levels of intervention engagement than non‐guided.ConclusionsGuided digital psychological interventions were likely to be more effective than non‐guided ones for cancer patients, particularly in reducing distress, anxiety, and fatigue. Whilst both types were found to improve depression and life quality, guided interventions were associated with higher patient engagement. These findings suggest digital interventions could supplement traditional cancer care, warranting further research concerning long‐term effects and cost‐efficiency.
A systematic review of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in people living with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Power Hilary A. , Shivak Shelby M. , Kim Jinsoo , Wright Kristi D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere is a lack of research that has focused on attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Given ADHD is associated with executive functioning impairments, exploring ADHD in the context of living with cystic fibrosis (CF) is of great importance. The purpose of the current systematic review was to examine ADHD in pwCF across the lifespan in terms of its prevalence, its impact on various health outcomes, and treatments for managing ADHD. This systematic review followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses. Articles reporting studies of any design that focused on ADHD in pwCF were included. Studies were excluded if they did not meet this criterion and if they were written in languages other than English. PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases were searched. Search items were based on three concepts: (1) terms related to CF, (2) terms related to ADHD, and (3) terms related to age. Ten studies were included in this systematic review. Reported prevalence rates of ADHD in pwCF ranged from 5.26% to 21.9%. The reported relationships between ADHD and CF and other health outcomes is inconsistent. In terms of treatment considerations, pharmacological interventions and behavioural strategies for managing ADHD in the context of living with CF have been reported as being successful. Additional research is needed to further explore ADHD in the CF population and health variables that may be associated with CF prognosis.
Dynamic airway computed tomography and flexible bronchoscopy for diagnosis of tracheomalacia in children: A comparison study
Authors: Corcoran Aoife , Foran Ann , Phinizy Pelton , Biko David M. , Piccione Joseph C. , Rapp Jordan B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionTracheomalacia (TM) is an important cause of respiratory morbidity. Dynamic flexible bronchoscopy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis. Dynamic airway computed tomography (DACT) is a low radiation, noninvasive diagnostic tool utilizing images obtained continuously over several respiratory cycles. We aimed to assess the accuracy of DACT in TM diagnosis.MethodsRetrospective analysis of all patients who underwent both DACT and flexible bronchoscopy within 6 months. Airway anterior–posterior (AP) diameter was measured on multiplanar reconstructions CT in both the inspiratory and expiratory phases. Using still images from the bronchoscopy videos, the AP diameter of the trachea was measured at points of maximal and minimal diameter during tidal breathing. Degree of TM on both DACT and flexible bronchoscopy were graded using a scaling system of 50%–74%, 75%–89%, and 90%–100% as described by the European Respiratory Society.ResultsTwenty‐four patients met inclusion criteria with an average time of 19.5 days between CT and bronchoscopy. The specificity and sensitivity of DACT for the overall diagnosis of TM was 100% and 68%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 62%. There was a strong positive correlation between DACT and flexible bronchoscopy in the measurement of tracheal AP diameter changes (ρ = 0.773, R2 0.597, p = 0.00001). Mean effective radiation dose for DACT was 0.1 mSv.ConclusionUltralow dose DACT has excellent specificity and positive predictive value for both detection of TM and categorizing severity of tracheal collapse but is not sufficiently sensitive to rule it out.
Emodin alleviates CRS4‐induced mitochondrial damage via activation of the PGC1α signaling
Authors: Dong Xin , Wen Ruijia , Xiong Yuanyuan , Jia Xiaotong , Zhang Xiwen , Li Xin , Zhang Liangyou , Li Zhibin , Zhang Shu , Yu Yanna , Li Qiang , Wu Xingbo , Tu Haitao , Chen Zixin , Xian Shaoxiang , Wang Lingjun , Wang Chao , Jia Lianqun , Wang Junyan , Chen Gangyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS4), a progressive deterioration of cardiac function secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD), is a leading cause of death in patients with CKD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of emodin on CRS4. C57BL/6 mice with 5/6 nephrectomy and HL‐1 cells stimulated with 5% CKD mouse serum were used for in vivo and in vitro experiments. To assess the cardioprotective potential of emodin, we employed a comprehensive array of methodologies, including echocardiography, tissue staining, immunofluorescence staining, biochemical detection, flow cytometry, real‐time quantitative PCR, and western blot analysis. Our results showed that emodin exerted protective effects on the function and structure of the residual kidney. Emodin also reduced pathologic changes in the cardiac morphology and function of these mice. These effects may have been related to emodin‐mediated suppression of reactive oxygen species production, reduction of mitochondrial oxidative damage, and increase of oxidative metabolism via restoration of PGC1α expression and that of its target genes. In contrast, inhibition of PGC1α expression significantly reversed emodin‐mediated cardioprotection in vivo. In conclusion, emodin protects the heart from 5/6 nephrectomy–induced mitochondrial damage via activation of the PGC1α signaling. The findings obtained in our study can be used to develop effective therapeutic strategies for patients with CRS4.
Discussing trust and resilience: The need for a healthy dose of distrust
Authors: Scharte Benjamin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHow are trust and reslience related? There is a lack of conceptual discussions. This paper analyzes trust and resilience with respect to the system of critical infrastructures and engineers working on critical infrastructure resilience. The results are three findings based on the assumption that resilience and trust are mechanisms to cope with complexity and uncertainty inherent to modern societies and critical infrastructures. First, they are no functional alternatives. Trust is an everyday process where favorable expectations help to act “as if” uncertainty was successfully resolved. Resilience helps to cope in “what if” cases when disaster strikes. Second, resembling the risk perception paradox, too much trust in critical infrastructures might lead to complacency, decreasing individual coping capacities and subsequently resilience. People need a healthy dose of distrust—distrust being a functional alternative to trust and not its opposite—to be aware that a disruption might happen and prepare for it. Third, notwithstanding the difficulties of uncertainty communication, engineers need to communicate limits to knowledge resulting from complexity transparently. This might decrease trust in specific solutions, but could sustain overall system trust, because it helps to adjust favorable expectations.
Stabilization of age‐structured chemostat hyperbolic PDE with actuator dynamics
Authors: Haacker Paul‐Erik , Karafyllis Iasson , Krstić Miroslav , Diagne Mamadou 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor population systems modeled by age‐structured hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs), we redesign the existing feedback laws, designed under the assumption that the dilution input is directly actuated, to the more realistic case where dilution is governed by actuation dynamics (modeled simply by an integrator). In addition to the standard constraint that the population density must remain positive, the dilution dynamics introduce constraints of not only positivity of dilution, but possibly of given positive lower and upper bounds on dilution. We present several designs, of varying complexity, and with various measurement requirements, which not only ensure global asymptotic (and local exponential) stabilization of a desired positive population density profile from all positive initial conditions, but do so without violating the constraints on the dilution state. To develop the results, we exploit the relation between first‐order hyperbolic PDEs and an equivalent representation in which a scalar input‐driven mode is decoupled from input‐free infinite‐dimensional internal dynamics represented by an integral delay system.
A Facile One‐Pot Approach for Synthesis of Graphene‐CdS Nanocomposites and Implementation towards Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Chlorpyrifos (One‐Pot Synthesis of G‐CdS for the degradation of CPY)**
Authors: Patel Jinal , Gaur Rama , Shahabuddin Syed , Tyagi Inderjeet 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSince India is one of the most populated countries in the world, there is a constant increase in the demand for food supply. To cater to the increased demand, the farmers use agrochemicals for crop protection and to enhance crop yield. Prolonged use of these agrochemicals, contaminates the groundwater, soil, and air, causing damage to our ecosystem and having adverse effects on human health. The present study reports the one‐pot synthesis of graphene‐CdS (GC) nanocomposites by a facile thermal decomposition approach. Thermal decomposition is an easy and cost‐effective technique. It's a facile and more efficient method than other methods. The synthesized graphene‐CdS nanocomposites were characterized using XRD, FT‐IR spectroscopy, Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, RAMAN spectroscopy, and FE‐SEM analysis. The potential of GC nanocomposites has been explored as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of chlorpyrifos (CPY) in an aqueous solution. It was observed that the nanocomposites exhibit 89 % degradation efficiency in 90 minutes compared to the pristine CdS and Graphene. A detailed investigation of the degradation pathway and scavenger studies were also conducted. The Graphene‐CdS hold scope and potential to be explored as an effective photocatalyst for the mineralization of agrochemicals.
Greener and Highly Efficient Synthesis, In Silico ADMET and Molecular Docking Studies of Potent Antimicrobial Thiophene Clubbed Pyrazole‐1,2,3‐Triazole Hybrids
Authors: Sherashiya Meet J. , Kanjariya Dilip C. , Naliapara Yogesh T. , Jauhari Smita 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo achieve environmentally benign synthesis and develop pharmacologically active compounds, a library of novel thiophene‐clubbed pyrazole‐1,2,3‐triazole hybrids was designed and successfully synthesized using L‐ascorbic acid as a green acid catalyst and ethanol as a green solvent. The reaction was carried out using microwave and ultrasonic irradiation methods to achieve a highly efficient reaction route. All title compounds were characterized and evaluated for their potential in vitro antimicrobial activity using Ciprofloxacin and Nystatin as standard drugs, in which compounds with chloro and naphthyl substitutions exhibited excellent antibacterial activity at concentrations of 25 μg/mL and compounds with methyl and methoxy substitutions exhibited excellent antifungal activity at concentrations of 100 μg/mL. Additionally, the molecular docking study showed that all compounds examined had excellent binding energies ranging from −9.3 to −10.3 kcal/mol, and naphthyl substitution displayed the highest binding energy (−10.3 kcal/mol) on the target protein of E. coli DNA gyrase subunit B. Furthermore, the final moieties were evaluated for in silico ADMET prediction to examine their drug‐likeness profile and toxic effects. The present study revealed that this structural information will be helpful in future antimicrobial drug design and development.
Infiltrated 2D/3D Heterojunction with Tunable Electric Field Landscape for Robust Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with over 24% Efficiency
Authors: Tang Chen , Liu Yuan , Zheng Yiting , Sun Anxin , Liang Jianghu , Wu Xueyun , Tian Congcong , Li Zihao , Chen Jinling , Cai Jingyu , Wu Xiling , Chen Chun‐Chao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn inverted perovskite solar cells, conventional planar 2D/3D perovskite heterojunctions typically exhibit a type‐II band alignment, where the electric field tends to drive the electron motion in the opposite direction to the direction of electron transfer. Here, a 2D/3D gradient heterojunction is developed by allowing the 2D perovskite to infiltrate the 3D perovskite surface along the grain boundaries using the interaction between the organic cation of the 2D perovskite and the pseudohalogen thiocyanate ion (SCN−), which has the ability to diffuse downward. The infiltrated 2D perovskite not only fills the gaps of grain boundaries with improved structural stability, but it also reconstructs the original landscape of the electric field toward the n‐doped surface to enable more rapid electron transfer and weaken the adverse type‐II band alignment effect. Since 2D perovskite seals the GBs, the nonvolatile SCN− can accumulate at the top and bottom dual interfaces, releasing residual stress and significantly inhibiting nonradiative recombination. The device exhibits an excellent efficiency of 24.76% (certified 24.29%) and long‐term stability that is >90% of the original PCE value after 800 h of heating at 85 °C or in high humidity (≈65%).
Chiral CuxCoyS‐CuzS Nanoflowers with Bioinspired Enantioselective Catalytic Performances
Authors: Si Qingrui , Wang Fang , Ding Qi , Yang Weimin , Lin Hengwei , Xu Chuanlai , Li Si 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNanomaterials with biomimetic catalytic abilities have attracted significant attention. However, the stereoselectivity of natural enzymes determined by their unique configurations is difficult to imitate. In this work, a kind of chiral CuxCoyS‐CuzS nanoflowers (L/D‐Pen‐NFs) is developed, using porous CuxCoyS nanoparticles (NPs) as stamens, CuzS sheets as petals, and chiral penicillamine as surface stabilizers. Compared to the natural laccase enzyme, L/D‐Pen‐NFs exhibit significant advantages in catalytic efficiency, stability against harsh environments, recyclability, and convenience in construction. Most importantly, they display high enantioselectivity toward chiral neurotransmitters, which is proved by L‐ and D‐Pen‐NFs’ different catalytic efficiencies toward chiral enantiomers. L‐Pen‐NFs are more efficient in catalyzing the oxidation of L‐epinephrine and L‐dopamine compared with D‐Pen‐NFs. However, their catalytic efficiency in oxidizing L‐norepinephrine and L‐DOPA is lower than that of D‐Pen‐NFs. The reason for the difference in catalytic efficiency is the distinct binding affinities between CuxCoyS‐CuzS nano‐enantiomers and chiral molecules. This work can spur the development of chiral nanostructures with biomimetic functions.
English as a lingua franca, world Englishes, and the preparation of language teachers: An awareness‐raising experience in an English teacher education program in Colombia
Authors: Macías Diego Fernando , Mosquera‐Pérez Jhon Eduardo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study builds on previous research (Galloway & Rose, 2018) that underlines the necessity of raising awareness of distinct kinds of English among prospective English instructors in expanding circle nations. The participants were exposed to these themes through a series of student‐led presentations that used English as a lingua franca and World Englishes as a theoretical foundation. The data were gathered through student reports, individual reflections, and semi‐structured interviews and were evaluated thematically. The findings demonstrated a development of new perspectives and understandings, a sense of contribution of the theme of World Englishes to teacher professional development, and the participants' positioning as equally skilled users of English. Thus, the study discusses the possibilities and challenges of gradually incorporating English as a lingua franca and World Englishes in the preparation of prospective English teachers.
Sustainable paddy residues management through mushroom cultivation in India
Authors: Samantaray Dibyajyoti , Singh N. B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFarmers' open‐field burning of paddy straw and the indoor burning of paddy residues as domestic fuels are significant environmental concerns since they emit dangerous pollutants. The worldwide burning of paddy residues totals 90 million tons (MT). Around 24 MT emanated from India, accounting for approximately 27% of the world's paddy straw burning. Burning residues emit smog particles, polyaromatic amines, nitrous oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide, methane, seriously degrading the air quality and risking human health. The combustion of dry paddy straw emits massive volumes of methane and nitrous oxide, 65 and 1.6 kilotons, respectively. This study analyzes the consequences of burning paddy residue outdoors and indoors by reviewing the relevant literature and data. Open‐field burning causes air pollution, damages soil health, and harms human health. Indoor burning of paddy residues as domestic fuels harms women's and children's health in rural areas. To mitigate the adverse effects of this practice, we magnified our research using the various literature and recent statistics to link with mushroom cultivation as an alternative to paddy residue burning. Recently, India produced almost 240,000 tons of mushrooms; Odisha, Maharashtra, and Bihar are the three leading states for mushroom production. The cultivation of mushrooms is considered advantageous for both health and the environment. This study has concentrated on mushrooms' economic potential, medicinal value, and health benefits.
Degradation mechanisms of Indian banks promissory notes written in iron‐gall inks and its conservation
Authors: Singh Sarvesh , Singh Manager Rajdeo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the deterioration of 18th‐century Indian Bank's Promissory Notes written using iron‐gall ink. The research employs non‐destructive techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy to analyze the elemental composition and structural characteristics of both the iron‐gall ink and the paper support. The analytical findings indicate that the acid hydrolysis of the iron‐gall ink complex has led to corrosion and weakening of the document. The reactivity of Fe3+ ions, indirectly assessed through XRD analysis by measuring the crystalline index (Crl) of the paper, indicates a loss of strength in the cellulose fibers. The combination of FTIR and XRD data also reveals the utilization of gypsum as a filler in the paper, likely intended to enhance its gloss and opacity. SEM photomicrographs further illustrate the presence of iron crystals on the paper surface, a result of the non‐uniform distribution of the ink and oxidation of ferrous ions also supported by surface mapping of iron. The paper's composition is identified as cellulose I, a common variety found in nature. These findings collectively provide insights into the degradation processes affecting both the iron‐gall ink and the paper support. The innovative calcium phytate treatment was applied for document conservation.
Study of the Effects Created by the Sunlight Passing Through the Rose Windows of Mallorca Cathedral
Authors: Samper Albert , Moreno-García David , Herrera Blas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper shows the light effects and geometric alignments created by the sunlight passing through the stained glasses of the eastern rose window in Mallorca Cathedral and projecting on the inner side of the cathedral's main façade and on the cathedral's floor. As well as providing more accurate information about these already known light effects, this paper makes use of laser scanning techniques and astronomical and geographical concepts in order to graphically display other novel effects which occur in coincidence with certain religious festivities throughout the year.
The Interplay Between Linear Functional Equations and Inequalities
Authors: Szostok Tomasz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe study the connections between the equation $$\begin{aligned} \sum _{i=1}^na_if(\alpha _ix+(1-\alpha _i)y)=0 \end{aligned}$$

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and the corresponding inequality. $$\begin{aligned} \sum _{i=1}^na_if(\alpha _ix+(1-\alpha _i)y)\ge 0. \end{aligned}$$

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At present, it is clear that linear functional equations should be solved with the use of the results due to L. Székelyhidi. We show that the simplest and most efficient way of dealing with the (continuous) solutions of linear inequalities of the above form is connected with the use of stochastic orderings tools. It will be shown that, in order to solve the inequality, we need to know the continuous solutions of the corresponding equation. In the last part of the paper, we obtain some simple but unexpected connections in the other direction.