bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for atmosphere–ocean forcing of yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) recruitment in the Middle Atlantic Bight
Authors: SULLIVAN MARK C. , COWEN ROBERT K. , STEVES BRIAN P. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractWe investigated the relationship between large‐scale climate variability (the North Atlantic Oscillation, NAO), continental shelf hydrography, and year‐class strength of yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) in the Middle Atlantic Bight. Using long‐term environmental time series (1963–98), dominant winter NAO phase in the northeast region of the United States was correlated with local air temperature records from Block Island, Rhode Island (December–March). Air temperature also influenced the characteristics of a pool of remnant winter cold water on the continental shelf, such that negative NAO winters produced a colder‐than‐average summer cold pool, and vice versa. Smoothed data sets of L. ferruginea recruitment over the 36‐yr period (using Southern New England VPA and hindcast data) were highly correlated with the NAO and air temperature, highlighting the influence of multi‐year variability. Although less robust, the relationship with the NAO remained significant after removing equal‐but‐opposite long‐term linear trends from the series. Surprisingly, recruitment and cold pool bottom temperature were only marginally correlated. Data from independent 2‐m beam trawl and submersible sampling in the region (1994, 1996–2000) indicated a strong relationship between the abundance of recent settlers and cold pool temperature; however, this pattern was often modified by subsequent changes in cold pool stratification (fall overturn). These results underscore the dynamic role thermal habitats play in the lives of early stage benthic fishes. For yellowtail flounder, the generation of recruitment variability represents one endpoint of a complex interaction between large‐scale phenomena (climate) and more localized, event‐scale features (cold pool).
A 250 year comparison of historical, macrofossil and pollen records of aquatic plants in a shallow lake
Authors: DAVIDSON THOMAS A. , SAYER CARL D. , BENNION HELEN , DAVID CAROL , ROSE NEIL , WADE MAX P. 
Published: September 2005

Summary1. Sedimentary remains of aquatic plants, both vegetative (turions, leaves, spines) and reproductive (fruits, seeds, pollen), may provide a record of temporal changes in the submerged vegetation of lakes. An independent assessment of the degree to which these remains reflect past floristic change is, however, rarely possible.2. By exploiting an extensive series of historical plant records for a small shallow lake we compare plant macrofossil (three cores) and pollen (one core) profiles with the documented sequence of submerged vegetation change since c. 1750 AD. The data set is based on 146 site visits with 658 observations including 42 taxa classified as aquatic, spanning 250 years.3. Approximately 40% of the historically recorded aquatic taxa were represented by macro‐remains. In general macrofossils underestimated past species diversity, with pondweeds (three of eight historically recorded Potamogeton species were found) particularly poorly represented. Nonetheless, several taxa not reported from historical surveys (e.g. Myriophyllum alterniflorum and Characeae) were present in the sediment record.4. The pollen record revealed taxa which left no macro‐remains (e.g. Littorella uniflora), and the macrofossil record provided improved taxonomic resolution for some taxa (e.g. Potamogeton) and a more reliable record of persistence, appearance and loss of others (e.g. Myriophyllum spp. and Nymphaeaceae).5. Detrended correspondence analysis indicated that changes in the community composition evidenced by the palaeolimnological and historical records were synchronous and of a similar magnitude. Both records pointed to a major change at around 1800, with the historical record suggesting a more abrupt change than the sedimentary data. There was good agreement on a subsequent change c. 1930.6. The palaeolimnological data did not provide a complete inventory of historically recorded species. Nevertheless, these results suggest that combined macrofossil and pollen records provide a reliable indication of temporal change in the dominant components of the submerged and floating‐leaved aquatic vegetation of shallow lakes. As such palaeolimnology may provide a useful tool for establishing community dynamics and successions of plants over decadal to centennial timescales.
Do phytoplankton communities correctly track trophic changes? An assessment using directly measured and palaeolimnological data
Authors: DOKULIL MARTIN T. , TEUBNER KATRIN 
Published: September 2005

Summary1. Measurements of total phosphorus (TP) concentrations since 1975 and a 50‐year time series of phytoplankton biovolume and species composition from Lake Mondsee (Austria) were combined with palaeolimnological information on diatom composition and reconstructed TP‐levels to describe the response of phytoplankton communities to changing nutrient conditions.2. Four phases were identified in the long‐term record. Phase I was the pre‐eutrophication period characterised by TP‐levels of about 6 μg L−1 and diatom dominance. Phase II began in 1966 with an increase in TP concentration followed by the invasion of Planktothrix rubescens in 1968, characterising mesotrophic conditions. Phase III, from 1976 to 1979, had the highest annual mean TP concentrations (up to 36 μg L−1) and phytoplankton biovolumes (3.57 mm3 L−1), although reductions in external nutrient loading started in 1974. Phases II and III saw an expansion of species characteristic of higher nutrient levels as reflected in the diatom stratigraphy. Oligotrophication (phase IV) began in 1980 when annual average TP concentration, Secchi depth and algal biovolume began to decline, accompanied by increasing concentrations of soluble reactive silica.3. The period from 1981 to 1986 was characterised by asynchronous trends. Annual mean and maximum total phytoplankton biovolume initially continued to increase after TP concentration began to decline. Reductions in phytoplankton biovolume were delayed by about 5 years. Several phytoplankton species differed in the timing of their responses to changing nutrient conditions. For example, while P. rubescens declined concomitantly with the decline in TP concentration, other species indicative of higher phosphorus concentrations, such as Tabellaria flocculosa var. asterionelloides, tended to increase further.4. These data therefore do not support the hypotheses that a reduction in TP concentration is accompanied by (i) an immediate decline in total phytoplankton biovolume and (ii) persistence of the species composition characterising the phytoplankton community before nutrient reduction.
Response of a shallow Mediterranean lake to nutrient diversion: does it follow similar patterns as in northern shallow lakes?
Authors: ROMO SUSANA , VILLENA MARÍA‐JOSÉ , SAHUQUILLO MARÍA , SORIA JUAN M. , GIMÉNEZ MARIO , ALFONSO TERESA , VICENTE EDUARDO , MIRACLE MARIA R. 
Published: September 2005

Summary1. In view of the paucity of data on the response of warm shallow lakes to reductions in nutrient loading, this paper presents a long‐term limnological data set to document changes in the food‐web of a shallow Mediterranean lake (Lake Albufera, Valencia, Spain) that has experienced reductions in phosphorus (P) (77%) and nitrogen (N) (24%) loading following sewage diversion.2. Nine years after sewage diversion, P concentration in the lake was reduced by 30% but remained high (TP = 0.34 mg L−1), although the mean water retention time in the lake was only 0.1 years. Nitrate concentrations did not significantly change, probably because the lake continued to receive untreated effluents from ricefields.3. Chlorophyll a concentration was reduced by half (annual mean of 180 μg L−1). Cyanobacteria abundance remained high but its composition changed towards smaller species, both filamentous and chroococcal forms.4. Cladocera abundance increased and reached peaks twice a year (December to March and July to September). After nutrient reduction, short‐term clear‐water phases (up to 5 weeks) occurred during February to March in several years, concomitant with annual flushing of the lake and lower fish densities. The abundance of Cladocera in winter contrasted with the spring peaks observed in northern restored shallow lakes. The zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass ratio remained lower than in northern temperate shallow lakes, probably because of fish predation on zooplankton.5. Improvement of the water quality of Lake Albufera remained insufficient to counteract littoral reed regression or improve underwater light allowing submerged plants re‐colonise the lake.6. Sewage diversion from Lake Albufera impacted the food web through the plankton, but higher trophic levels, such as fish and waterfowl, were affected to a lesser degree. Although the fish species present in the lake are mainly omnivorous, long‐term data on commercial fish captures indicated that fish communities changed in response to nutrient level and trophic structure as has been observed in restored shallow lakes at northern latitudes.7. Phosphorus concentrations produced similar phytoplankton biomass in Lake Albufera as in more northern shallow lakes with abundant planktivorous fish and small zooplankton. However, in Lake Albufera, high average concentrations were maintained throughout the year. Overall, results suggest that nutrient control may be a greater priority in eutrophicated warm shallow lakes than in similar lakes at higher latitudes.
Ecological effects of reduced nutrient loading (oligotrophication) on lakes: an introduction
Authors: JOHN ANDERSON N. , JEPPESEN ERIK , SØNDERGAARD MARTIN 
Published: September 2005

Summary1. The variable ecological response of lakes to reduced nutrient loading (oligotrophication) at sites in Europe and North America was discussed at a workshop held in Silkeborg (Denmark) in January 2003. Studies of lake oligotrophication were presented based on both long‐term monitoring and data generated by palaeolimnological methods.2. This introduction to the special issue provides short summaries of a series of the papers presented and their limnological context. Results show that the majority of lakes had approached a new equilibrium of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) concentrations 10–15 years (P) and 0–5 years (N) after a major reduction in loading, irrespective of hydraulic retention time. Phytoplankton biomass decreased and a shift towards meso‐oligotrophic species dominance occurred. The fish responded surprisingly fast to the loading reduction in most lakes. As a result, the percentage of piscivores increased and total fish biomass declined markedly, which may explain an increase in the body size of cladocerans and an increase in the zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass ratio seen in many of the lakes.3. Monitoring has in general been initiated after the effects of eutrophication became apparent. In this context palaeolimnological techniques become very useful because they allow limnologists to extend time scales of coverage and to define restoration targets and baseline conditions. Moreover, lake sediments pre‐dating anthropogenic disturbance can be used to examine ecological response to, for instance, climate variability, allowing problems associated with multiple stressors to be addressed.4. It is concluded that there is a great need for a synthetic, holistic approach to studying lake oligotrophication, combining multiple techniques of palaeolimnological sediment analysis with detailed but temporally limited long‐term monitoring of chemical and biological variables. This is important, not least to assess future responses to nutrient loading reductions, as global warming will interact with a range of external stressors and ultimately affect lake management strategies to deal with the resultant feedbacks.
PHYTOCLOCK 1 encoding a novel GARP protein essential for the Arabidopsis circadian clock
Authors: Onai Kiyoshi , Ishiura Masahiro 
Published: September 2005

Previously, we screened 50 000 seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana carrying a PGI::LUC+ bioluminescence reporter gene mutagenized with ethylmethanesulfonate for mutants with phenotypes of extensively altered circadian rhythms, and identified three loci, PHYTOCLOCK 1 (PCL1), PCL2 and PCL3, whose mutations cause arrhythmia. Here we succeeded to clone the PCL1 gene and show that the PCL1 gene encodes a novel DNA binding protein belonging to the GARP protein family and is essential for a functional clock oscillator in A. thaliana. The PCL1 gene satisfies the requirements for the clock oscillator gene: (i) pcl1 null mutations caused arrhythmia in multiple circadian outputs, including expression of potential clock genes TOC1, CCA1 and LHY, and flowering lacked a photoperiodic response; (ii) PCL1 expression showed circadian rhythm in both constant light and constant dark; (iii) over‐expression of the PCL1 gene gradually caused arrhythmicity in all the multiple circadian outputs examined; and (iv) the PCL1 gene controlled its own expression via negative feedback. Therefore, the PCL1 gene is the clock oscillator gene essential to the generation of clock oscillation in the higher plant.
Presence, richness and extinction of birds of prey in the Mediterranean and Macaronesian islands
Authors: Donázar J. A. , Gangoso L. , Forero M. G. , Juste J. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractAim We analyse modern patterns of richness, presence and extinction of birds of prey (Accipitriforms and Falconiforms) in the Mediterranean and Macaronesian islands, using an integrated approach involving both biogeographical and human‐induced factors.Location Forty‐three islands grouped into nine Mediterranean and Macaronesian archipelagos.Methods Information about 25 species breeding during the past century and their fate (permanence or extinction) was compiled from the literature and regional reports. Jaccard's similarity index and cluster analyses were applied to define island assemblages. In order to detect the factors driving richness, presence and extinction, generalized linear models (GLM) were applied to 32 explanatory variables, evaluating location, physiography, isolation of island, taxonomic affinities and life‐history patterns of the raptor species.Results Islands belonging to the same archipelago clustered when raptor assemblages were compared, revealing a marked biogeographical signal. Species richness was influenced by island area and accessibility from the continent (explained deviance of 51% in the GLM). Models of the probability of presence (explained deviance of 32%) revealed positive influences of migratory patterns (maximum for partial migrants), size of distribution areas and proximity to main migration routes. The model for probability of extinction explained only 8% of the deviance. It revealed that populations living on islands with a high density of human population were more prone to disappear. Also, raptors depending on human resources had more risk of extinction.Main conclusions Basic predictions of island biogeography can explain current patterns of raptor richness in the study area despite millennia of intense humanization processes. Colonization success appears to depend on life‐history traits linked to migratory and dispersal strategies, whereas body‐size constraints are not influential. Additionally, our results reveal the importance of species‐based analyses in studies of island biogeography.
Cell cycle‐dependent proteolysis and ectopic overexpression of cyclin B1 in tobacco BY2 cells
Authors: Criqui Marie Claire , Parmentier Yves , Derevier Aude , Shen Wen‐Hui , Dong Aiwu , Genschik Pascal 
Published: September 2005

SummaryActivation of cyclin B/Cdc2 kinase complex triggers entry into mitosis in all eukaryotic cells. Although cyclin gene expression has been extensively studied in plants, not much is known at the level of the protein stability and function. Here, we demonstrated by using the highly synchronizable tobacco BY2 cell culture, that endogenous cyclin B1 protein undergoes cell cycle‐dependent proteolysis and is stabilized when the spindle checkpoint has been activated. Furthermore, we established transgenic tobacco BY2 cell cultures expressing under the control of an inducible promoter, cyclin B1 protein as well as its non‐degradable form as fusion proteins with GFP and found that the ectopic expression of these proteins did not dramatically disturb the cell cycle progression. These results indicate that, to a certain extent, cell cycle exit is possible without cyclin B1 proteolysis.
Two new species of Colpoma on trees from China
Authors: Hou C.‐L. , Piepenbring M. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryTwo new species of Colpoma are described from China. Colpoma intermedium on Pinus armandii is macroscopically similar to species of Colpoma while asci and ascospores are similar to those of species of Therrya. Colpoma sinense on Rhododendron sp. differs from other Colpoma species by conspicuous lip cells embedded in a gelatinous matrix.
Mutualistic symbiosis betweenBursaphelenchus xylophilusand bacteria of the genusPseudomonas
Authors: Zhao B. G. , Lin F. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryInteractions between the pine wood nematode (PWN),Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and bacteria of the genusPseudomonaswere examined by cultivating axenic PWN and bacterial strains using callus ofPinus thunbergii. Ten (Pseudomonas fluorescens,Pseudomonas putida,Pseudomonas cepaciaandPseudomonasspp.) of the 29 bacterial strains tested, significantly increased the reproduction of PWN. The rest of the bacteria (19 strains of 10 species) inhibited the reproduction of PWN completely. The growth of 18 of the 29 bacterial strains tested, including the 10 strains promoting PWN reproduction, was significantly increased by the presence of PWN. It indicated a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between PWN and the 10 bacterial strains in the genusPseudomonas.The bacterial mutualistic symbionts are organisms, which may have co‐evolved with PWN rather than being accidentally associated. The finding provides further evidence for our hypothesis that pine wilt disease is complex, induced by both PWN and associated phytotoxin‐producing bacteria.
Bursaphelenchus fungivorus (Nematoda: Aphelenchida) associated with Orthotomicus erosus (Coleoptera: Scolitydae) in Spain
Authors: Arias M. , Robertson L. , Garcia‐Alvarez A. , Arcos S. C. , Escuer M. , Sanz R. , Mansilla J. P. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryA survey of the xylophagous insects in the conifer forests, mainly Pinus pinaster woodlands, in Spain was carried out in order to study the phoretic vectors of nematodes of the genus Bursaphelenchus. Fifteen environmental sites were characterized on the bases of altitude, rainfall, temperature and conifer species. Specimens of Orthotomicus erosus (n = 3476) were captured of which 59% carried nematodes under their elytrous, most of them were aphelenchid fungal‐feeding nematodes, but B. fungivorus was found on the beetles from Las Cumbres, Villa Blanca, (Huelva), southern Spain, which represent the first record of O. erosus as vector of a Bursaphelenchus sp. The nematode is characterized by morphometric and biomolecular techniques and distribution and ecology of the insect is discussed.
Xylem dysfunction in Yezo spruce (Picea jezoensis) after inoculation with the blue‐stain fungus Ceratocystis polonica
Authors: Kuroda K. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe blue‐stain fungus Ceratocystis polonica is pathogenic to Norway spruce (Picea abies) in Europe, as well as to Yezo spruce (Picea jezoensis) and Sachalin spruce (Picea glehnii) in Japan. The wilting mechanism in P. jezoensis saplings after inoculation with C. polonica was examined based on anatomical studies of the phloem and xylem of periodically harvested trees. In addition, the course of sap ascent in the trunks was traced by injection of acid fuchsin solution at harvest. As an initial external symptom, needle discolouration was observed. In dye conduction tests, xylem dysfunction in the xylem of inoculated trees became obvious. The dehydrated xylem area (dry zone) had extended more than 20 cm above the inoculation wounds, within 1 month after inoculation. When the sap flow to the branches had nearly stopped, the leaves began to discolour. Hyphae of C. polonica colonized the ray tissue around the inoculation wounds, but were absent at the front of the dry zones. Defence reactions occurred in ray parenchyma cells adjacent to the penetrating hyphae. It is suggested that secondary metabolites, which are formed by the ray cells and epithelial cells of resin canals, are involved in the obstruction of sap flow. Limited necrotic lesions of the phloem and cambium were not associated with foliar symptoms. It is proposed that the dry zone formation caused by C. polonica is the main mechanism leading to tree death.
Achilles tendinopathy after treatment with fluoroquinolone
Authors: Yu C , Giuffre BM 
Published: September 2005

SummaryFluoroquinolone antibiotic therapy is a recognized but poorly understood cause for Achilles tendinopathy. We report here a patient who developed bilateral partial Achilles tendon tears as a result of fluoroquinolone therapy. Ultrasound and MRI were both useful in identifying and distinguishing between Achilles tendinosis and tendon rupture. The current published literature on this problem was also reviewed.
Lung bullae and pulmonary fibrosis associated with marijuana smoking
Authors: Phan TD , Lau KKP , Li X 
Published: September 2005

SummaryA 26‐year‐old man with a history of heavy marijuana and minimal tobacco use was found to have extensive bilateral lung bullae and interstitial fibrosis, heavily infiltrated by pigmented macrophages. These features can be associated with marijuana smoking. The differential diagnoses in this patient are also discussed.
Bouveret's syndrome: A rare complication of cholecystolithiasis
Authors: O'Dwyer JC , O'Dwyer HM , Lee MJ 
Published: September 2005

SummaryBouveret's syndrome is obstruction of the stomach or the duodenum from a gallstone that has migrated through a biliogastric or bilioduodenal fistula. This rare syndrome has been described in a number of case reports
Agony of the ecstasy: Report of five cases of MDMA smuggling
Authors: Low VHS , Dillon EK 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe international smuggling of illicit drugs by the ingestion or rectal insertion of drug‐filled packages is recognized in the trafficking of heroin and cocaine. Customs authorities, with suspicion of such activities, presented five subjects. The legally allowed radiological examination comprising one supine abdominal radiograph was performed. Radiographic findings demonstrated the presence of multiple enteric oval, capsule‐shaped packages of soft tissue density. This was confirmed following supervised evacuation of bowel contents induced by the administration of laxatives. Analysis of the concealed material identified ecstasy (methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)), a substance not previously reported as transported by this route.