bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators of healthy lifestyle and perspectives towards the development of weight loss programmes. Focus groups with post-treatment breast cancer survivors in Greece
Authors: Perperidi Maria , Saltaouras Georgios , Konstandis Alexandros , De Craemer Marieke , Saloustros Emmanouil , Theodorakis Yannis , Androutsos Odysseas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the factors that prohibit or enable breast cancer survivors from adopting a healthy lifestyle, as well as to record patients’ suggestions towards developing a weight-loss lifestyle intervention. Twenty-three breast cancer survivors participated in four online, semi-structured focus groups in Greece. All discussions were video-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Participants were 50⋅5 ± 7⋅4 years old with a current mean BMI of 29⋅1 ± 3⋅4 kg/m2. Four main themes emerged from thematic analysis: (1) dietary and lifestyle practices, (2) the effects of cancer on body weight, (3) the impact of cancer on psychology, and (4) the effect of the environment on body weight. Lack of information from healthcare professionals and lack of time were the main barriers to body weight management, whereas the main facilitators were support from their social environment, along with a comfortable physical environment, and the facility of technology. Participants suggested that an effective weight-loss lifestyle intervention should include psychological and social support, guidance and education, collaboration, flexible recommendations, personalised goals, and a follow-up plan. The needs of breast cancer survivors need to be considered when designing weight-loss lifestyle interventions. A personalised approach may prove more effective in promoting a healthy lifestyle and improving patients’ care.
Discrepancy between objective and subjective cognition and its association with the trajectory of symptoms and functioning in depressive patients
Authors: Zhu Xuequan , Ding Ruoxi , Chen Xu , Wang Xiaoyi , He Ping , Wang Gang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiscrepancy between objective and subjective cognitive deficit is common among patients with major depressive disorders (MDDs) and may play a key role in the mechanism linking cognition with recovery of symptom and psychosocial function. This study, therefore, explores the cognitive discrepancy, and its association with the trajectory of symptoms and functioning over a 6-month period.MethodsWe used data from the Prospective Research Observation to Assess Cognition in Treated patients with MDD (PROACT) study, from which 598 patients were included. Cognitive discrepancy scores were computed using a novel methodology, with positive values indicating more subjective than objective deficit (i.e. ‘underestimation’) and negative values indicating more objective than subjective difficulties (i.e. ‘overestimation’). Linear growth curve models were employed to examine the association of the cognitive discrepancy with the trajectory of depressive symptoms, psychosocial function, and quality of life.ResultsAbout 68% of patients displayed disproportionately more objective than subjective cognitive deficit at baseline, and the mean cognitive discrepancy score was −1.4 (2.7). Overestimation was associated with a faster decrease of HDRS-17 (β = −0.46, p = 0.002) and a faster decrease of psychosocial function in social life (β = −0.13, p = 0.013) and family life (β = −0.12, p = 0.026), and a greater improvement of EQ-5D utility score (β = 0.01, p < 0.001).ConclusionWe found a lower sensitivity of cognitive deficit at baseline and its decrease was associated with better health outcomes. Our findings have clinical implications of the necessity to assess both subjective and objective cognition for identification and categorization and to incorporate cognitive and psychological therapies for optimized treatment outcomes.
Intergenerational transmission of ADHD behaviors: genetic and environmental pathways
Authors: Kleppesto Thomas H. , Eilertsen Espen Moen , van Bergen Elsje , Sunde Hans Fredrik , Zietsch Brendan , Nordmo Magnus , Eftedal Nikolai Haahjem , Havdahl Alexandra , Ystrom Eivind , Torvik Fartein Ask 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe investigate if covariation between parental and child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors can be explained by environmental and/or genetic transmission.MethodsWe employed a large children-of-twins-and-siblings sample (N = 22 276 parents and 11 566 8-year-old children) of the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. This enabled us to disentangle intergenerational influences via parental genes and parental behaviors (i.e. genetic and environmental transmission, respectively). Fathers reported on their own symptoms and mothers on their own and their child's symptoms.ResultsChild ADHD behaviors correlated with their mother's (0.24) and father's (0.10) ADHD behaviors. These correlations were largely due to additive genetic transmission. Variation in children's ADHD behaviors was explained by genetic factors active in both generations (11%) and genetic factors specific to the children (46%), giving a total heritability of 57%. There were small effects of parental ADHD behaviors (2% environmental transmission) and gene–environment correlation (3%). The remaining variability in ADHD behaviors was due to individual-specific environmental factors.ConclusionsThe intergenerational resemblance of ADHD behaviors is primarily due to genetic transmission, with little evidence for parental ADHD behaviors causing children's ADHD behaviors. This contradicts theories proposing environmental explanations of intergenerational transmission of ADHD, such as parenting theories or psychological life-history theory.
Language performance and brain volumes, asymmetry, and cortical thickness in children born extremely preterm
Authors: Kvanta Hedvig , Bolk Jenny , Broström Lina , Nosko Daniela , Fernández de Gamarra-Oca Lexuri , Padilla Nelly , Ådén Ulrika 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildren born preterm are more prone to have language difficulties. Few studies focus on children born extremely preterm (EPT) and the structural differences in language-related regions between these children and children born at term.MethodsOur study used T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to calculate the brain volumetry, brain asymmetry, and cortical thickness of language-related regions in 50 children born EPT and 37 term-born controls at 10 years of age. The language abilities of 41 of the children born EPT and 29 term-born controls were then assessed at 12 years of age, using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition and the Clinical Evaluations of Language Fundamentals, Fourth Edition. The differences between MRI parameters and their associations with language outcomes were compared in the two groups.ResultsBrain volume and cortical thickness of language-related regions were reduced in children born EPT, but volumetric asymmetry was not different between children born EPT and at term. In children born EPT the brain volume was related to language outcomes, prior to adjustments for full-scale IQ.ConclusionsThese findings expand our understanding of the structural correlates underlying impaired language performance in children born with EPT.ImpactThe article expands understanding of the structure-function relationship between magnetic resonance imaging measurements of language-related regions and language outcomes for children born extremely preterm beyond infancy.Most literature to date has focused on very preterm children, but the focus in this paper is on extreme prematurity and language outcomes.While the brain volume and cortical thickness of language-related regions were reduced in children born EPT only the volume, prior to adjustment for full-scale IQ, was associated with language outcomes.We found no differences in volumetric asymmetry between children born EPT and at term.
IBD sharing patterns as intra-breed admixture indicators in small ruminants
Authors: Blondeau Da Silva Stéphane , Mwacharo Joram M. , Li Menghua , Ahbara Abulgasim , Muchadeyi Farai Catherine , Dzomba Edgar Farai , Lenstra Johannes A. , Da Silva Anne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated how IBD patterns shared between individuals of the same breed could be informative of its admixture level, with the underlying assumption that the most admixed breeds, i.e. the least genetically isolated, should have a much more fragmented genome. We considered 111 goat breeds (i.e. 2501 individuals) and 156 sheep breeds (i.e. 3304 individuals) from Europe, Africa and Asia, for which beadchip SNP genotypes had been performed. We inferred the breed’s level of admixture from: (i) the proportion of the genome shared by breed’s members (i.e. “genetic integrity level” assessed from ADMIXTURE software analyses), and (ii) the “AV index” (calculated from Reynolds’ genetic distances), used as a proxy for the “genetic distinctiveness”. In both goat and sheep datasets, the statistical analyses (comparison of means, Spearman correlations, LM and GAM models) revealed that the most genetically isolated breeds, also showed IBD profiles made up of more shared IBD segments, which were also longer. These results pave the way for further research that could lead to the development of admixture indicators, based on the characterization of intra-breed shared IBD segments, particularly effective as they would be independent of the knowledge of the whole genetic landscape in which the breeds evolve. Finally, by highlighting the fragmentation experienced by the genomes subjected to crossbreeding carried out over the last few generations, the study reminds us of the need to preserve local breeds and the integrity of their adaptive architectures that have been shaped over the centuries.
Projectability disentanglement for accurate and automated electronic-structure Hamiltonians
Authors: Qiao Junfeng , Pizzi Giovanni , Marzari Nicola 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMaximally-localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) are broadly used to characterize the electronic structure of materials. Generally, one can construct MLWFs describing isolated bands (e.g. valence bands of insulators) or entangled bands (e.g. valence and conduction bands of insulators, or metals). Obtaining accurate and compact MLWFs often requires chemical intuition and trial and error, a challenging step even for experienced researchers and a roadblock for high-throughput calculations. Here, we present an automated approach, projectability-disentangled Wannier functions (PDWFs), that constructs MLWFs spanning the occupied bands and their complement for the empty states, providing a tight-binding picture of optimized atomic orbitals in crystals. Key to the algorithm is a projectability measure for each Bloch state onto atomic orbitals, determining if that state should be kept identically, discarded, or mixed into the disentanglement. We showcase the accuracy on a test set of 200 materials, and the reliability by constructing 21,737 Wannier Hamiltonians.
Application of intelligent pacifying strategy information system in reducing short-duration MRI sedation rate in children
Authors: Deng Xiaofang , Zhuang Deyi , Liu Jungang , Su Cuimin , Huang Xianghui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExploring and analyzing the effectiveness of an intelligent pacifying strategy information system based on assisted decision-making in reducing the sedation rate of children in short-duration magnetic resonance scans. A total of 125 children aged 3–5 years who underwent MRI scans at a children's hospital from July to December 2021 participated in this study, during which 62 children were assigned to a control group from July to September, and 63 children were assigned to an intervention group from October to December. In the intervention group, the pacifier used the intelligent pacifying strategy information system based on assisted decision-making to assess children's temperament, and utilization of a system-generated pacification plan according to assessment results. In the control group, the pacification plan was formulated by the pacifier based on their own experience and discussion with families of the participating children. The success rate of pacification, duration of pacification, and image quality of the two groups were compare. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had a higher success rate of pacification and lower duration of pacification, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). There was no difference in image quality between the two groups (P > 0.05). The intelligent pacifying strategy information system can help reduce the use of the sedative drugs in children aged 3–5 years who underwent a short-duration MRI scan.
Reliability of a novel point of care device for monitoring diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Grabowska W. , King R. , Roll S. , Habermann I. V. , Hörder S. , Hahn K. , Willich S. N. , Schröder S. , Brinkhaus B. , Dietzel J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe aimed to assess DPNCheck’s reliability for repeated sural nerve conduction (NC) parameters. This post hoc analysis used data from the randomized controlled ACUDPN trial assessing NC of the N. Suralis every eight weeks over a 6-month period in 62 patients receiving acupuncture against diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) symptoms. The reliability of DPNCheck for nerve conduction velocity and amplitude was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and was calculated using data from single time points and repeated measures design. The results of the NC measurements were correlated with the Total Neuropathy Score clinical (TNSc). Overall, for both nerve velocity and amplitude, the reliability at each measurement time point can be described as moderate to good and the reliability using repeated measures design can be described as moderate. Nerve velocity and amplitude showed weak correlation with TNSc. DPNCheck’s reliability results question its suitability for monitoring DPN’s progression. Given the limitation of our analysis, a long-term, pre-specified, fully crossed study should be carried out among patients with DPN to fully determine the suitability of the device for DPN progression monitoring. This was the first analysis assessing the reliability of the DPNCheck for DPN progression monitoring using data from multiple collection time points.
Experimental study on the effects of interface dip angle on deformation failure of combined limestone–coal specimens
Authors: Li Faxin , Ding Yisong , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Zhiwei , Xuan Zhaojun , Song Qifeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUniaxial compression experiments of limestone–coal specimens at different inclination angles (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60°) were conducted using acoustic emission and three-dimensional, extension test digital image correlation, and full-field strain measurement systems to examine how dip angles affect deformation failure. The findings indicate that: (1) specimen groups demonstrate plastic yield characteristics in the pre-peak stage. However, slight variations exist due to inclination angles. (2) The localization zone for deformation evolution closely correlates to primary crack initiation and propagation within coal specimens and to slipping at the rock’s and coal’s interface. Failure in the coal specimen triggers rebound deformation in limestone when the rock coal inclination angle is set at 15°. Both the rebound deformation amount and its rate exhibit upward trends as a function of the inclination angle. (3) The percentage of pre-peak elastic property density in the combined specimen is augmented from 98.56 to 88.08% as the inclination angle augments and reduces to 75.80%. External energy’s conversion into missile performance shows an initial increase followed by a decrease. (4) The energy rate of the acoustic emission (AE) signal exhibits distinct temporal characteristics in the combined specimen that can be associated with quiet, active, and sudden increases.
Ring-originated anisotropy of local structural ordering in amorphous and crystalline silicon dioxide
Authors: Shiga Motoki , Hirata Akihiko , Onodera Yohei , Masai Hirokazu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRings comprising chemically bonded atoms are essential topological motifs for the structural ordering of network-forming materials. Quantification of such larger motifs beyond short-range pair correlation is essential for understanding the linkages between the orderings and macroscopic behaviors. Here, we propose two quantitative analysis methods based on rings. The first method quantifies rings by two geometric indicators: roundness and roughness. These indicators reveal the linkages between highly symmetric rings and crystal symmetry in silica and that the structure of amorphous silica mainly consists of distorted rings. The second method quantifies a spatial correlation function that describes three-dimensional atomic densities around rings. A comparative analysis among the functions for different degrees of ring symmetries reveals that symmetric rings contribute to the local structural order in amorphous silica. Another analysis of amorphous models with different orderings reveals anisotropy of the local structural ordering around rings; this contributes to building the intermediate-range ordering.
Revealed versus potential spatial accessibility of healthcare and changing patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gligorić Kristina , Kamath Chaitanya , Weiss Daniel J. , Bavadekar Shailesh , Liu Yun , Shekel Tomer , Schulman Kevin , Gabrilovich Evgeniy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Timely access to healthcare is essential but measuring access is challenging. Prior research focused on analyzing potential travel times to healthcare under optimal mobility scenarios that do not incorporate direct observations of human mobility, potentially underestimating the barriers to receiving care for many populations.

Methods
We introduce an approach for measuring accessibility by utilizing travel times to healthcare facilities from aggregated and anonymized smartphone Location History data. We measure these revealed travel times to healthcare facilities in over 100 countries and juxtapose our findings with potential (optimal) travel times estimated using Google Maps directions. We then quantify changes in revealed accessibility associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
We find that revealed travel time differs substantially from potential travel time; in all but 4 countries this difference exceeds 30 minutes, and in 49 countries it exceeds 60 minutes. Substantial variation in revealed healthcare accessibility is observed and correlates with life expectancy (⍴=−0.70) and infant mortality (⍴=0.59), with this association remaining significant after adjusting for potential accessibility and wealth. The COVID-19 pandemic altered the patterns of healthcare access, especially for populations dependent on public transportation.

Conclusions
Our metrics based on empirical data indicate that revealed travel times exceed potential travel times in many regions. During COVID-19, inequitable accessibility was exacerbated. In conjunction with other relevant data, these findings provide a resource to help public health policymakers identify underserved populations and promote health equity by formulating policies and directing resources towards areas and populations most in need.
Bacterial Vaginosis: Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/028, June 2023)
Authors: Farr Alex , Swidsinski Sonja , Surbek Daniel , Tirri Brigitte Frey , Willinger Birgit , Hoyme Udo , Walter Gisela , Reckel-Botzem Inge , Mendling Werner 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aim This official guideline was coordinated and published by the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG with the involvement of additional professional societies. The aim of the guideline is to
evaluate the relevant literature and use it to provide a consensus-based overview of the diagnosis and management of bacterial vaginosis.
Methods This S2k-guideline was developed by representative members from different medical professional societies on behalf of the guidelines commission of the above-listed societies
using a structured consensus process.
Recommendations This guideline provides recommendations on the diagnosis, management, counselling, prophylaxis, and other aspects related to bacterial vaginosis.
Risk-stratified Distant Metastatic Thyroid Cancer with
Clinicopathological Factors and BRAF/TERT Promoter
Mutations
Authors: Cheng Xian , Zhou Ying , Xu Shichen , Yu Huixin , Wu Jing , Bao Jiandong , Zhang Li 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective To assess the prognostic value of clinicopathological factors as
well as BRAF and TERT promoter mutations in predicting distant
metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.
Design The status of BRAF and TERTp mutations were available
in 1,208 thyroid cancer patients who received thyroidectomy at Jiangyuan
Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine from January 2008
to December 2021. Based on inclusion criteria, 99 distant metastasis thyroid
cancers (DM-TCs) and 1055 patients without DM (Non-DM-TCs) were retrospectively
reviewed.
Results After univariate and multivariate analyses, a risk model was
established for DM prediction based on factors: T3/T4 stage, lymph node
metastasis (LNM) number over 5, and BRAF/TERT mutations (TLBT).
It was defined based on the number of TLBT factors: low risk (no risk factor,
n=896), intermediate risk (1 risk factor, n=199), and high risk
(≥2 risk factors, n=59). Notably, compared with patients with
low and intermediate risks, patients assigned to high TLBT risk have a shorter
time of DM disease-free survival. Except for gene mutation, other factors were
also included in the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk guideline.
Comparing with the ATA risk category, this risk model showed a better
performance in predicting DM-TCs.
Conclusions This study proposes a TLBT risk classifier consisting of
T3/T4 stages, LNM (n>5), and BRAF+TERTp mutations
for predicting DM-TCs. TLBT risk stratification may help clinicians make
personalized treatment management and follow-up strategies.