bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approximate analysis methods for asymmetric plan base‐isolated buildings
Authors: Ryan Keri L. , Chopra Anil K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn approximate method for linear analysis of asymmetric‐plan, multistorey buildings is specialized for a single‐storey, base‐isolated structure. To find the mode shapes of the torsionally coupled system, the Rayleigh–Ritz procedure is applied using the torsionally uncoupled modes as Ritz vectors. This approach reduces to analysis of two single‐storey systems, each with vibration properties and eccentricities (labelled ‘effective eccentricities’) similar to corresponding properties of the isolation system or the fixed‐base structure. With certain assumptions, the vibration properties of the coupled system can be expressed explicitly in terms of these single‐storey system properties. Three different methods are developed: the first is a direct application of the Rayleigh–Ritz procedure; the second and third use simplifications for the effective eccentricities, assuming a relatively stiff superstructure.The accuracy of these proposed methods and the rigid structure method in determining responses are assessed for a range of system parameters including eccentricity and structure flexibility. For a subset of systems with equal isolation and structural eccentricities, two of the methods are exact and the third is sufficiently accurate; all three are preferred to the rigid structure method. For systems with zero isolation eccentricity, however, all approximate methods considered are inconsistent and should be applied with caution, only to systems with small structural eccentricities or stiff structures. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2,3‐α‐Epoxyjaeschkeanadiol 5‐benzoate from Ferula hermonis Boiss
Authors: Diab Youssef , Dolmazon René , Fenet Bernard 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe new 2,3‐α‐epoxyjaeschkeanadiol 5‐benzoate has been isolated and its 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR signals were completely assigned by the application of the modern NMR techniques. Its conformations are discussed on the basis of molecular modelling calculations and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) spectra. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Essential oil composition of Schizogyne glaberrima DC, a species endemic to the Canary Islands
Authors: Palá‐Paúl J. , Pérez‐Alonso M. J. , Velasco‐Negueruela A. , Sanz J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe chemical composition of the volatile oil from Schizogyne glaberrima DC has been studied by GC and GC–MS. The main constituents of the oil were found to be p‐cymene (64.9%) and limonene (25.2%). This is the first report of the essential oil of this species. It is worth mentioning the presence in the oil of some thymol derivatives. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linearization of second‐order calibration curves in stable isotope dilution–mass spectrometry
Authors: Fay Laurent B. , Métairon Sylviane , Baumgartner Marcel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe quantification of compounds using isotope dilution mass spectrometry requires the establishment of calibration curves prior to determination of any unknown sample. When calibration over a wide concentration range is required and/or when an overlap exists between internal standard and analyte ions (if mono‐ or di‐isotopically‐labelled internal standards are used), second‐order calibration curves are obtained. In this paper we have compared several calculation methods to linearize such calibration curves. We found that the method published by Bush and Trager6 gives a satisfactory linear relationship between the corrected amount ratio y = Ql(Qu+tQl) (the value Qu being the amount of unlabelled analyte, Ql the amount of labelled internal standard and t, the fixed fraction of the internal standard, which is identical to the unlabelled analyte) and the ratio of unlabelled to labelled ion intensities. All the other calculation methods that have been published so far have failed to linearize the second‐order calibration curve build‐up over a wide concentration range. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The discontinuous profile method for simulating two‐phase flow in pipes using the single component approximation
Authors: Guinot Vincent 
Published: August 2002

AbstractGodunov‐type algorithms are very attractive for the numerical solution of discontinuous flows. The reconstruction of the profile inside the cells is crucial to scheme performance. The non‐linear generalization of the discontinuous profile method (DPM) presented here for the modelling of two‐phase flow in pipes uses a discontinuous reconstruction in order to capture shocks more efficiently than schemes using continuous functions. The reconstructed profile is used to define the Riemann problem at cell interfaces by averaging of the components of the variable in the base of eigenvectors over their domain of dependence. Intercell fluxes are computed by solving the Riemann problem with an approximate‐state solver. The adapted treatment of boundary conditions is essential to ensure the quality of the computational results and a specific procedure using virtual cells at both extremities of the computational domain is required. Internal boundary conditions can be treated in the same way as external ones. Application of the DPM to test cases is shown to improve the quality of computational results significantly. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the shoreline boundary conditions for Boussinesq‐type models
Authors: Bellotti G. , Brocchini M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe propose and illustrate a novel type of shoreline boundary conditions for Boussinesq‐type models. On the basis of characteristic equations of the non‐linear shallow water equations, boundary conditions are developed equations that can suitably model the motion of the instantaneous shoreline. Such boundary conditions are then implemented in a numerical solver for a specific set of Boussinesq‐type equations, which have been proved very effective for near‐shore modelling. Finally, a number of tests are performed to validate and illustrate the behaviour of the new conditions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three dimensional tide‐induced circulation model on a triangular mesh
Authors: Jiang Wensheng , Sun Wenxin 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper a triangular mesh, which is generated by an automatic triangular mesh generator, is used to calculate the tide‐induced residual current in the Bohai Sea, China. The generator can modify the distribution of the node according to the water depth, thus ensuring the uniform distribution of the Courant number. The three dimensional nonlinear tide equation is employed to get the Eularian residual current and Stokes' drift. Then the Lagrangian residual current is obtained by adding the above two values. It has been proved in other papers that the Lagrangian residual current is more proper to represent the circulation and a numerical example is given. The application of these methods to the Bohai Sea shows that the results are in accordance with those obtained before. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparison of methods for bootstrapping in the local level model
Authors: Franco Glaura C. , Souza Reinaldo C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBootstrap in time series models is not straightforward to implement, as in this case the observations are not independent. One of the alternatives is to bootstrap the residuals in order to obtain the bootstrap series and thus use these series for inference purposes. This work deals with the problem of assessing the accuracy of hyperparameters in structural models. We study the simplest case, the local level model, where the hyperparameters are given by the variances of the disturbance terms. As their distribution is not known, we employ the bootstrap to approximate the true distribution, using parametric and non‐parametric approaches. Bootstrap standard deviations are computed and their performances compared to the asymptotic and empirical standard errors, calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. We also build confidence intervals to the hyperparameters, using four bootstrap methods and the results are compared by means of the length, shape and coverage probabilities of the intervals. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What to do if a dollar is not a dollar? The impact of inflation risk on production and risk management
Authors: Adam‐Müller Axel F. A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn entrepreneur faces two types of risk: one from income generation, one from income spending. His income
from firm profits is risky due to output price fluctuations and other risks. As a consumer, he is also exposed
to inflation risk since he maximizes expected utility of real income. This article focuses on optimal production
and risk management decisions of a risk‐averse entrepreneur jointly facing tradable output price risk and
untradable inflation risk. Inflation risk applies multiplicatively to the entrepreneur's entire nominal
income. Relative risk aversion and the risks' joint distribution determine the effect of introducing a
futures market on production. For dependent risks, this effect may be negative if relative risk aversion is
above one. Relative risk aversion and the joint distribution also determine optimal risk management with futures
contracts where speculation on a real risk premium and cross hedging may be conflicting objectives. © 2002
Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 22:371–386, 2002
Two‐State Option Pricing: Binomial Models Revisited
Authors: Jabbour George M. , Kramin Marat V. , Young Stephen D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis article revisits the topic of two‐state option pricing. It examines the models developed by Cox,
Ross, and Rubinstein (1979), Rendleman and Bartter (1979), and Trigeorgis (1991)
and presents two alternative binomial models based on the continuous‐time and discrete‐time
geometric Brownian motion processes, respectively. This work generalizes the standard binomial approach,
incorporating the main existing models as particular cases. The proposed models are straightforward and
flexible, accommodate any drift condition, and afford additional insights into binomial trees and lattice models
in general. Furthermore, the alternative parameterizations are free of the negative aspects associated with the
Cox, Ross, and Rubinstein model. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21:987–1001,
2001
Discordance of genetic alterations between primary head and neck tumors and corresponding metastases associated with mutational status of the TP53 gene
Authors: Tabor Maarten P. , van Houten Viola M. M. , Kummer J. Alain , Vosjan Maria J. W. D. , Vlasblom Ronald , Snow Gordon B. , Leemans C. René , Braakhuis Boudewijn J. M. , Brakenhoff Ruud H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAmple molecular data are available on the progression from normal mucosa to invasive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but information on further genetic progression to metastatic disease is scarce. To obtain insight into the metastatic process, we compared 23 primary HNSCCs with 25 corresponding lymph node metastases (LNMs) and 10 corresponding distant metastases (DMs) with respect to TP53 mutations and patterns of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) based on 26 microsatellite markers on six chromosome arms (3p, 9p, 17p, 13q, 8p, and 18q). In 18 of the 23 patients, a TP53 mutation was detected in the primary tumor, and in all cases the same TP53 mutation was present in the corresponding LNM or DM. In nine of 20 patients with LNMs and three of seven patients with DMs, the LOH pattern of metastasis differed from that of the corresponding primary tumor by at least one marker. Microsatellite markers located on chromosome arms 13q, 8p, and 18q were most frequently discordant, providing evidence that alterations at these chromosomes occur late in HNSCC carcinogenesis. Moreover, evidence was found that DMs had developed directly from the primary tumor and not from LNMs. Remarkably, we observed that the mutational status of the TP53 gene is associated significantly with the degree of genetic differences between primary HNSCCs and corresponding metastases. All patients with TP53 wild‐type primary tumors showed significantly more discordant LOH patterns in the corresponding LNMs and DMs than patients with TP53‐mutated tumors. The percentages were 100% versus 27% (LNMs) and 100% versus 0% (DMs), respectively (P = 0.008 and P = 0.029; two‐sided Fisher exact test). This finding suggests that TP53‐mutated tumors need fewer additional genetic alterations to develop metastases compared with TP53 wild‐type primary tumors. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The microcell hybrid‐based “elimination test” identifies a 1‐Mb putative tumor‐suppressor region at 3p22.2–p22.1 centromeric to the homozygous deletion region detected in lung cancer
Authors: Kholodnyuk Irina D. , Kost‐Alimova Marija , Yang Ying , Kiss Hajnalka , Fedorova Ludmila , Klein George , Imreh Stefan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have previously shown that inoculation of human chromosome 3 (chr3)/A9 mouse fibrosarcoma microcell hybrids (MCHs) into severely combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice was followed by the regular elimination of certain 3p regions, whereas a 3q region was retained even after prolonged mouse passage. Using this approach, referred to as the elimination test (Et), we identified a common eliminated region (CER) of about 7 cM at 3p22–p21.3 that was absent in all tumors generated from five MCHs. A second frequently eliminated region (FER, originally called ER2) was found at 3p21.1–p14.2. These segments have been reported to be frequently deleted in a variety of carcinomas. In the following experiments, we have identified at the centromeric border of CER a common eliminated region 1 (CER1) of about 1.6 cM. We now report the results of more detailed analyses of the original tumor panel that contained 30 SCID mouse tumors. Using polymerase chain reaction and chromosome reverse painting, we have identified at the telomeric border of CER a second common eliminated region (designated as CER2). CER2 is flanked distally by RH94338 and proximally by SHGC‐154057. The size of CER2 is about 1 Mb, according to the Homo Sapiens Complete Genome databases at EMBL, and is located about 0.5 Mb centromeric to the known homozygous deletion region, identified in lung cancer. Remarkably, two chemokine‐receptor genes (CCRs), CCR8 and CX3CR1, are located within CER2, whereas seven CCRs were found within CER1. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular analysis of a familial case of renal cell cancer and a t(3;6)(q12;q15)
Authors: Eleveld Marc J. , Bodmer Daniëlle , Merkx Gerard , Siepman Angélique , Sprenger Sandra H. E. , Weterman Marian A. J. , Ligtenberg Marjolijn J. , Kamp Jorieke , Stapper Wim , Jeuken Judith W. M. , Smeets Dominique , Smits Arie , Geurts van Kessel Ad 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe identified a novel familial case of clear‐cell renal cancer and a t(3;6)(q12;q15). Subsequent cytogenetic and molecular analyses showed the presence of several abnormalities within tumour samples obtained from different patients. Loss of the der(3) chromosome was noted in some, but not all, of the samples. A concomitant VHL gene mutation was found in one of the samples. In addition, cytogenetic and molecular evidence for heterogeneity was obtained through analysis of several biopsy samples from one of the tumours. Based on these results and those reported in the literature, we conclude that loss of der(3) and subsequent VHL gene mutation may represent critical steps in the development of renal cell cancers in persons carrying the chromosome 3 translocation. Moreover, preliminary data suggest that other (epi)genetic changes may be related to tumour initiation. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
KNOX homeobox genes are sufficient in maintaining cultured cells in an undifferentiated state in rice
Authors: Ito Yukihiro , Eiguchi Mitsugu , Kurata Nori 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSummary: We produced transgenic rice calli, which constitutively express each of four KNOX family class 1 homeobox genes of rice, OSH1, OSH16, OSH15, and OSH71, and found that constitutive and ectopic expression of such genes inhibits normal regeneration from transformed calli, which showed continuous growth around their shoot‐regenerating stages. Transgenic calli transferred onto regeneration medium began to display green spots, a sign of regeneration, but most of the transformants continued to propagate green spots at given stages. In the normal shoot‐regeneration process of calli, expression of endogenous OSH1 was restricted in presumptive shoot‐regenerating regions of calli and not observed in other areas. This restricted expression pattern should be required for further differentiation of the regenerating shoots. Thus our present results support the proposed function that KNOX family class 1 homeobox genes play a role in the formation and maintenance of the undetermined meristematic state of cells. genesis 30:231–238, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Score test for detecting linkage to quantitative traits
Authors: Putter H. , Sandkuijl L.A. , van Houwelingen J.C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe two most popular methods to detect linkage of a quantitative trait to a marker are the Haseman‐Elston regression method and the variance components likelihood‐ratio test. In the literature, these methods are frequently compared and the relative advantages and disadvantages of each method are well known. In this article, we derive a score test for the variance component attributable to a specific quantitative trait locus and show that for sib‐pairs it is mathematically equivalent to a recently proposed version of the Haseman‐Elston method that optimally combines the sum squared and the difference squared of the centered phenotype values of the sibs. Because score tests and likelihood‐ratio tetsts are equivalent for large sample sizes, the variance components likelihood‐ratio test is also asymptotically equivalent to this optimal Haseman‐Elston test. This fact gives a theoretical explanation of the empirical observation from simulation studies reporting similar power of the variance components likelihood‐ratio test and the optimal Haseman‐Elston method. Perhaps more importantly for practical purposes, the score test can also be extended in a natural way to support the simultaneous analysis of more than two subjects and multivariate phenotypes. Genet. Epidemiol. 22:345–355, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multipoint analysis using affected sib pairs: Incorporating linkage evidence from unlinked regions
Authors: Liang Kung‐Yee , Chiu Yen‐Feng , Beaty Terri H. , Wjst Matthias 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper, we proposed a multipoint method to assess evidence of linkage to one region by incorporating linkage evidence from another region. This approach uses affected sib pairs in which the number of alleles shared identical by descent (IBD) is the primary statistic. This generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach is robust in that no assumption about the mode of inheritance is required, other than assuming the two regions being considered are unlinked and that there is no more than one susceptibility gene in each region. The method proposed here uses data from all available families to simultaneously test the hypothesis of statistical interaction between regions and to estimate the location of the susceptibility gene in the target region. As an illustration, we have applied this GEE method to an asthma sib pair study (Wjst et al. [1999] Genomics 58:1–8), which earlier reported evidence of linkage to chromosome 6 but showed no evidence for chromosome 20. Our results yield strong evidence to chromosome 20 (P value = 0.0001) after incorporating linkage information from chromosome 6. Furthermore, it estimates with 95% certainty that the map location of the susceptibility gene is flanked by markers D20S186 and D20S101, which are approximately 16.3 cM apart. Genet. Epidemiol. 21:105–122, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A study comparing precision of the maximum multipoint heterogeneity LOD statistic to three model‐free multipoint linkage methods
Authors: Finch Stephen J. , Chen Chien‐Hsiun , Gordon Derek , Mendell Nancy R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study compared the performance of the maximum lod (MLOD), maximum heterogeneity lod (MHLOD), maximum non‐parametric linkage score (MNPL), maximum Kong and Cox linear extension (MKClin) of NPL, and maximum Kong and Cox exponential extension (MKCexp) of NPL as calculated in Genehunter 1.2 and Genehunter‐Plus. Our performance measure was the distance between the marker with maximum value for each linkage statistic and the trait locus. We performed a simulation study considering: 1) four modes of transmission, 2) 100 replicates for each model, 3) 58 pedigrees (with 592 subjects) per replicate, 4) three linked marker loci each having three equally frequent alleles, and 5) either 0% unlinked families (linkage homogeneity) or 50% unlinked families (linkage heterogeneity). For each replicate, we obtained the Haldane map position of the location at which each of the five statistics is maximized. The MLOD and MHLOD were obtained by maximizing over penetrances, phenocopy rate, and risk‐allele frequencies. For the models simulated, MHLOD appeared to be the best statistic both in terms of identifying a marker locus having the smallest mean distance from the trait locus and in terms of the strongest negative correlation between maximum linkage statistic and distance of the identified position and the trait locus. The marker loci with maximum value of the Kong and Cox extensions of the NPL statistic also were closer to the trait locus than the marker locus with maximum value of the NPL statistic. Genet. Epidemiol. 21:315–325, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.