bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interdisciplinary Fall Prevention Education in the Community: Nurses Making an Impact
Authors: Stephens Carmen R. , Henrichs Kelly A. , Centi Sophia M. , McNair Bryan , Luna Aimee , Cheung Dora K. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
The purpose of this 8-week interdisciplinary educational program was to provide evidence-based fall prevention information to adults aged ≥65 years residing in an assisted living community.

Method
Eight 1-hour sessions on fall education were performed by interdisciplinary experts at an assisted living community. Control and intervention groups completed four assessments at baseline and completion of the program.

Results
Both groups had decreased Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Fear of Falling scores. The intervention group had increased scores on the knowledge of falling questionnaire, whereas the control group had decreased scores, indicating the education was effective in increasing knowledge of falls. Although not statistically significant, these results are clinically significant and reveal the positive effects of the interdisciplinary program.

Conclusion

Fall prevention education was successful in increasing older adults' knowledge about fall risk factors. There were decreases in TUG and Fear of Falling scores, revealing a positive impact of the program. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, xx
(xx), xx–xx.]
A Quantitative Normative Database for Expanded Field Swept-source OCT Angiography in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Hoyek Sandra , Romano Francesco , Garcia Mauricio , Ploumi Ioanna , Garg Itika , Tracy Jack , Overbey Katherine Millner , Bennett Cade Frederick , Finn Matthew J. , Razavi Peyman , Stettler Isabella Victoria Manzano , Ding Xinyi , Miller John B. , Patel Nimesh A. 
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective
To report quantitative vascular metrics of healthy control eyes of children, using expanded field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA), as a baseline to compare with pathologic findings.

Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional observational study of healthy eyes of children (age 6 to 18) who were imaged on the PLEX Elite 9000 instrument at 100-kHz scanning rate using 3 × 3-mm, 6 × 6-mm, and 12 × 12-mm protocols centered on the fovea (2019 to 2023). Scans were uploaded to the ARI Network (Zeiss Portal v5.4) and processed with the macular density algorithm (v.0.7.3.3) to calculate vessel density (VD) and vessel skeletonized density (VSD) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus, and whole retina (WR) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics.

Results

Forty-eight eyes of 39 children (72% male) were included. Median age was 14 years (interquartile range 10 to 16). Male sex was associated with lower VD and VSD compared to female sex (
P
< 0.05). Older age was associated with higher VD and VSD (6 × 6-mm) (
P
< 0.05) and lower FAZ circularity (
P
= 0.017). Non-Hispanic White children had a lower VD and VSD of the SCP in the inner superior ring (3 × 3-mm), a higher VD and VSD of the SCP and WR in the central ring (6 × 6-mm), and a lower FAZ area (6 × 6-mm) (
P
< 0.05).

Conclusions
This study presents a database for expanded field vascular metrics in pediatric subjects across various angiogram sizes. The VD increases throughout childhood and the FAZ circularity diminishes. Future studies using SS-OCTA will need to account for influencing factors such as sex, age, race, and ethnicity.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2025;56:XX–XX.]
Enhancing Resurrection Practices for Unusable Surgical Inventory Items at District General Hospital, Negombo
Authors: Malalasekara L. I. , Wijemanne W. M. U. S. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Effective management and maintenance of surgical inventory items are vital for ensuring uninterrupted healthcare services and optimizing resource utilization in hospitals. In resource-poor settings where financial and technical constraints limit the availability of new equipment, enhancing resurrection practices plays a critical role in sustaining healthcare delivery and maximizing existing resources.Objective: The primary aim of this study was to enhance the resurrection practices of selected surgical inventory items at District General Hospital (DGH) Negombo through tailored interventions and involvement of volunteer technical support.Methods: This implementation science study with pre- and post-assessments conducted at DGH Negombo from August 2022 to November 2023 focused on collaborating with unit heads managing surgical inventory items and condemned items identified by the Biomedical Engineering Division. Data collection involved key informant interviews to gather qualitative insights, self-administered questionnaires distributed to unit heads for quantitative data on repair processes, and a desk review of hospital records to identify frequently malfunctioning items. Statistical analysis included content analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data, helping to prioritize items for repair based on urgency and feasibility.Results: Pre-intervention assessments highlighted several inefficiencies including prolonged repair times, poor coordination with the Biomedical Engineering Division, and inadequate infrastructure for managing surgical inventory items. Post-intervention evaluations demonstrated marked improvements, with repair times decreasing by 32%, enhanced coordination with Biomedical Engineering units, and increased stakeholder satisfaction, as indicated by the higher SAQ scores. Additionally, 60% of condemned multipara monitors, 76% of oxygen regulators, and 78% of suction apparatus were successfully restored, underscoring significant efficiency gains in equipment availability and resource utilization. Conclusion and Recommendations: The tailored interventions implemented during this study significantly improved efficiency and effectiveness in managing surgical inventory items at DGH Negombo, enhancing equipment availability, and achieving cost savings. Similar approaches emphasizing systematic assessments, stakeholder collaboration, and volunteer technical support are recommended for sustainable improvements in comparable healthcare settings.
Perceived Bureaucratic Red Tape in Hospital Administration: A Case Study from a District General Hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijekoon W. M. C. R. , Hewage R. A. , Ratnasekare W. A. P. P. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Public Hospitals are hierarchical organizations characterized by the features of bureaucracy described by Max Weber. Tiring rules and regulations, endless paperwork, and strict legal requirements are some of the adverse outcomes of bureaucracy, termed bureaucratic Red Tape. They have detrimental effects on organizational performance. Objective: To assess employees’ perceptions of bureaucratic Red Tape in the administrative section of the District General Hospital, Kalutara.Methods: This study utilized a case study approach employing mixed methods. Office employees were selected using purposive sampling, and a semi-structured questionnaire that featured a ten-point scale to measure Red Tape with close-ended and open-ended questions was used to explore the causes. Key informant interviews with managers and focus group discussions with office employees were conducted to obtain management perspectives on the causes and suggestions to alleviate Red Tape. Potential solutions for the Red Tape were discussed at a stakeholder meeting. In addition to descriptive analysis, inferential statistical analysis was performed for demographic variables and operational factors to explore any correlation with Red Tape. Thematic analysis was performed using qualitative data.Results: The mean perceived bureaucratic red tape score was 5.03 (95% CI: 4.25–5.81), slightly above the midpoint of the scale, indicating inefficiencies in existing rules or procedures, as the literature suggests that even such levels of perceived red tape are significant and warrant attention. Key factors contributing to Red Tape include deficient technology for information management; problematic procedural formats; insufficient in-service training; lack of modern infrastructure; and challenges in rules, regulations, and procedures. Stakeholder suggestions to alleviate Red Tape included training; establishing a committee to investigate, review, and seek suggestions; technology integration; supporting managers; job rotation; increasing access to information on procedures; and streamlining the documentation process.Conclusions and Recommendations: The employee-perceived Red Tape was slightly above the expected level in the administrative section, primarily due to inefficient administrative practices and outdated technology, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. The study identified enhancing employee training in administrative processes, streamlining procedures, integrating advanced information technologies, and fostering a supportive leadership culture to mitigate the effects of bureaucratic Red Tape. Continuous feedback mechanisms are also recommended to ensure the adaptability and effectiveness of administrative processes.
Intramuscular Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections for Infantile Esotropia: A Durban Academic Hospital Review
Authors: Khan Mohammed , Kritzinger Anine 
Published: February 2025

Background: Infantile esotropia is characterised by a constant, large-angle strabismus present before 6 months of age. Botulinum neurotoxin (BNT) injections offer a potential alternative to surgical correction.Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of bilateral medial rectus BNT injections in managing infantile esotropia in children younger than 2 years.Setting: The study was conducted at a quaternary hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who received bilateral medial rectus BNT injections over a 7-year period. The primary outcome was the change in the angle of deviation from baseline to 6 months post-treatment. Success was categorised as complete, partial or qualified. Secondary outcomes included complications and demographic factors.Results: The study assessed 41 patients. Most patients were African (90.20%) with large-angle esotropia (85.20%). The mean pre-treatment angle of deviation in the study population was 64.00 prism dioptres (PD). This decreased to a mean post-treatment angle at 6 months of 31.40 PD. There were 28 successes (68%) at 6 months, which comprised 18 patients (43.9%) who had complete or partial success and 10 patients (24.4%) with qualified success.Conclusion: Botulinum neurotoxin injections can be considered as a first-line treatment for infantile esotropia in patients under 2 years, regardless of the initial angle of deviation and are effective and safe.Contributions: Botulinum neurotoxin injections offer a viable alternative to surgery in resource-constrained settings where theatre time may be limited.
Novel bi-allelic variants in DNAH10 lead to multiple morphological abnormalities of sperm flagella and male infertility
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad , Zubair Muhammad , Shah Wasim , Uddin Meftah , Hussain Ansar , Mustafa Ghulam , Rahim Fazal , Zhang Huan , Ali Imtiaz , Abbas Tanveer , Raza Yousaf , Fan Sui-Xing , Shi Qing-Hua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Multiple morphological abnormalities of sperm flagella (MMAF) is a severe form of asthenoteratozoospermia, characterized by morphological abnormalities and reduced motility of sperm, causing male infertility. Although approximately 60% of MMAF cases can be explained genetically, the etiology of the remaining cases is unclear. Here, we identified two novel compound heterozygous variants in the gene, dynein axonemal heavy chain 10 (DNAH10), in three patients from two unrelated Pakistani families using whole-exome sequencing (WES), including one compound heterozygous mutation (DNAH10: c.9409C>A [p.P3137T]; c.12946G>C [p.D4316H]) in family 1 and another compound heterozygous mutation (DNAH10: c.8849G>A [p.G2950D]; c.11509C>T [p.R3687W]) in family 2. All the identified variants are absent or rare in public genome databases and are predicted to have deleterious effects according to multiple bioinformatic tools. Sanger sequencing revealed that these variants follow an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed MMAF, including sperm head abnormalities, in the patients. In addition, immunofluorescence staining revealed loss of DNAH10 protein signals along sperm flagella. These findings broaden the spectrum of DNAH10 variants and expand understanding of the genetic basis of male infertility associated with the MMAF phenotype.
Knowledge, attitude and practices about influenza vaccines amongst hospital staff in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sharma Harsh Vardhan , Sharma Sushil , Gupta Abhinav , Patil Yogeshwari Himmatsing , Gupta Ravinder Kumar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
People working in health care are particularly vulnerable to catching influenza infection as they are always exposed to probable cases in hospital settings. Influenza is a communicable disease that transmits from patients to healthcare workers (HCWs) and vice versa. Contrary to most of the recommendations, influenza vaccination coverage among HCWs is low.

Aims:
This study intends to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices towards influenza vaccination in a group of HCWs.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study conducted, 128 HCWs participated. Institutional ethical committee clearance was obtained before starting the study. It was conducted from April 2023 to May 2023. A set of 20 questions were sent in a single Google sheet to all participating HCWs affiliated with the institution. Data collected were tabulated using MS Excel and analysed using proper statistical tools.

Results:
Amongst the aggregate of 250 HCWs approached, 128 (51.2%) replied to the questionnaire. Of these, 71 (55.5%) responses were from female participants and 51 (44.5%) were from male participants. The maximum respondents belonged to the age group of 25–39 years (40.6%), followed by the age group of 50–59 years (25%). Most respondents were paramedics who comprised about 40.6% of the total study population, followed by nurses (28.9%). Amongst the total study population of 128, only 44 (34.4%) have had the influenza vaccine at the minimum once in their lifespan, the most common reason for acceptance was that it was recommended at their workplace (38.6%) and it protects high-risk patients (22.7%). Whereas 84 (65.6%) have not received an influenza vaccine ever in their lifetime, the reasons being their mistrust in vaccines preventing influenza disease (35.7%) and their belief that they are not at risk for influenza (28.6%).

Conclusion:
There is an unsatisfactory rate of influenza vaccination amongst HCWs. Maximum HCWs believe that the vaccine is safe and protects from influenza. Vaccine coverage needs to be improved by making all the stakeholders put more effort into the same.
Awareness of paediatric surgical conditions amongst practicing paediatricians in Northern India
Authors: Singh Gurmeet , Pandey Anand , Verma Sanjeev Kumar , Kumar Piyush , Pant Nitin , Rawat Jiledar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Surgical conditions in the paediatric age group are a common condition encountered routinely by Paediatricians. Delays in consulting a paediatrician or inaccuracies in their assessments can lead to postponed management of conditions that require surgical intervention.

Aims:
To assess the exposure of practicing paediatricians to paediatric surgical conditions in Northern India and to assess any limitation in this regard.

Material and Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study with an online questionnaire as per Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES) guidelines consisting of twenty questions related to demographic data, diagnosis and management aspects of various paediatric surgical conditions.

Result:
Of 221 responses, 193 were included in the study. The majority of responders were under the age of 35. Of all, only 42.2% were exposed to paediatric surgery during their undergraduate course. A notable proportion of pediatricians (49.4%) regularly encountered paediatric surgical patients in their practice. There were differences of opinion on diagnosis and management of common paediatric surgical conditions, such as abdominal wall defects, oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, etc. The ideal timing of surgical intervention in conditions, such as undescended testis and inguinal hernia, etc. were also debatable.

Conclusion:
Despite its importance, many pediatricians are not exposed to paediatric surgery during their formative years due to the absence of this department in the respective medical institutes. A proper exposure of the pediatrician to the work and spectrum performed by the paediatric surgeons will help to improve the paediatric surgical care of the children in need.
Application of Digitalization in Dental Education - A Systematic Review
Authors: Das Spandita , Jha Kunal , Menon Ipseeta , Kumar Gunjan , Singh Arpita , Barman Diplina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of digital technologies in education play a crucial role in providing new and innovative forms of delivering education to teachers and students as well as broadening the learning process. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize existing evidence in order to evaluate the application of digitalization in undergraduate and postgraduate dental education. A literature review was completed using PubMed, SCOPUS and DOAJ search engines, following the search strategy using the PICO criteria, to identify English-language articles published between January 2013 and June 2023 that reported the use of digitalization in dental education. Following thorough research, 1721 articles were identified from e-databases. However, only 14 articles were added to this study after they were screened for eligibility. Quality assessment was performed by a checklist of important parameters using the National Institute of Health (NIH) assessment tool. Two studies focused on the knowledge regarding the utilization of digitalization in dental education, two studies examined the implementation of digitalization in dental education, two studies explored the user experience of utilizing digital dentistry, and eight studies investigated the perception and attitude towards digital dental education. The goal of incorporating digitalization in dental education should be to maximize the effectiveness of the many different digital technologies functioning together in patient care and dental education. The most significant advantage of understanding digital technology is its noteworthy benefits, which include compliance from patients, quick and prompt results and aesthetic outcomes.
Comparative Outcomes of Different Surgical Techniques for the Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars
Authors: Shinde Swapnil U. , Peswani Khushboo C. , Sharma Abhilasha , Rai Swarna , Dangi Raj K. , Choudhary Neelam , Tiwari Rahul 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Impacted mandibular third molar removal is a common oral surgery procedure, often associated with postoperative complications. The choice of surgical technique may influence outcomes such as pain, swelling, and healing time. This study aims to compare different surgical techniques to evaluate their impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing impacted mandibular third molar removal was conducted. Three techniques were evaluated: traditional rotary instruments, piezosurgery, and laser-assisted surgery. Postoperative outcomes, including pain, edema, and healing time, were recorded.

Results:
Patients who underwent piezosurgery reported significantly less postoperative pain and swelling compared to those treated with rotary instruments. Laser-assisted surgery showed a comparable reduction in pain but extended healing time.

Conclusion:
Piezosurgery is the most favorable technique in terms of minimizing postoperative discomfort and swelling, while laser-assisted surgery may be beneficial in certain clinical scenarios.
Spinal cord injury and inflammatory mediators: role in “fire barrier” formation and potential for neural regeneration
Authors: Zhou Mi , Xu Zhengyu , Zhong Hao , Ning Guangzhi , Feng Shiqing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury result in considerable and lasting functional impairments, triggering complex inflammatory and pathological events. Spinal cord scars, often metaphorically referred to as “fire barriers,” aim to control the spread of neuroinflammation during the acute phase but later hinder axon regeneration in later stages. Recent studies have enhanced our understanding of immunomodulation, revealing that injury-associated inflammation involves various cell types and molecules with positive and negative effects. This review employs bibliometric analysis to examine the literature on inflammatory mediators in spinal cord injury, highlighting recent research and providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and the latest advances in studies on neuroinflammation related to spinal cord injury. We summarize the immune and inflammatory responses at different stages of spinal cord injury, offering crucial insights for future research. Additionally, we review repair strategies based on inflammatory mediators for the injured spinal cord. Finally, this review discusses the current status and future directions of translational research focused on immune-targeting strategies, including pharmaceuticals, biomedical engineering, and gene therapy. The development of a combined, precise, and multitemporal strategy for the repair of injured spinal cords represents a promising direction for future research.
Sclerotomy port suturing in microincisional vitrectomy surgery
Authors: Lambat Sarang P , Khanna Neha N , Nangia Vinay B 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite the advantages of self-sealing wounds in microincisional vitrectomy surgery (MIVS), wound leak can occur, leading to hypotony and increased risk of choroidal detachment and endophthalmitis. Inappropriate wound construction is the major cause of wound leaks, apart from failure to detect and manage wound leaks. Few techniques of wound construction have been described to prevent wound leaks and enhance appropriate closure, but wound leaks can still happen. It is challenging to address it due to compromised visibility because of the oozing of blood or vitreous substitute and swelling of the conjunctiva and tenons. The use of an inverted surgical contact lens to detect port leakage has been documented. Still, it fails to address the issue of passing the suture to close the sclerotomy. Our approach addresses both issues. It has been reported that more than one-third of ports in MIVS require suturing. In our technique, we start suturing the port at the conclusion of surgery while withdrawing the cannula itself. We did 30 consecutive cases of MIVS for various indications where suturing the ports was done with this new technique. The mean postoperative intraocular pressure on day one was 18.82 ± 12.24 mmHg. Our technique ensures proper identification of the port and facilitation of suturing of the port, especially in cases where we decide to suture the sclerotomy in anticipation of a leak.