bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Sovereign Identity: An Examination of the Pragmatics Behind Idealistic Digital Identity Management
Authors: Naicker Denver , Moodley Mackaylan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Amidst the evolution of the digital identity landscape, this research investigates the necessity and distinctiveness of Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) as compared to preceding identity models. Propelled by escalating privacy concerns pose a contentious challenge of reconciling unique identification with information concealment, the paper underscores the urgency to decentralise user data from monopolistic social media enterprises. This decentralisation is aimed at maintaining an online presence without jeopardising real-world identities, thereby offering the advantages of previous systems without intrusive tracking. Drawing parallels with the adage, "data is the new oil," the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need for reformed access management, particularly in South Africa. Existing measures, such as pre-entry forms, while essential for health and safety, infringe upon personal data privacy. The exploration into developing an SSI solution, while promising, illuminated its infancy. Interoperability challenges abound, requiring universal acceptance of standardised credential templates. Despite the touted benefits of SSI, the present business model's reliance on personal data for operations and advertising hinders its widespread adoption. The research suggests that rather than merely integrating enhanced security adapters, a fundamental shift in the business model is recommended. Engaging with tools to instantiate SSI solutions revealed gaps in documentation and support, compounded by ambiguous architectural protocols. While the move towards open-source models is commendable, the ease-of-use of higher-level abstracted, reusable technical components by third-party tools and libraries provide an easier work around for some of these challenging steps for setup and implementation. In summation, the research provides context to the journey of utilising SSI tools, advocating for simpler and clearer technical documentation, aligning directly to the principles and philosophies of SSI ensuring trust, and transparency in the digital identity sphere.
Immature central tumor tertiary lymphoid structures are associated with better prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xiaoxu Deng , Min Xu , Chengcheng Cao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background & aims: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs[1]) are predictive biomarkers of favorable clinical outcomes and immunotherapy response in several solid malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the relationship between TLSs and NSCLC prognosis has not been eludicated from the aspects of location, density, and maturity. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of TLSs in NSCLC.
Methods: A collection of 151resected pulmonary nodules in patients with NSCLC was retrospectively analyzed. Two experienced pathologists reviewed hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) slides and assessed TLS scores at different anatomic subregions. Then, we analyzed their correlation with clinicopathologic parameters and CD8 staining intensity and assessed multiple clinicopathological factors affecting patient prognosis.
Results: CD8 expression was correlated with total (TLS-CT) (P = 0.000), aggregates (Agg) (TLS-CT) (P = 0.001), follicles (FOL)-I (TLS-CT) (P= 0.025), and TLS(overall) (P = 0.013). TLS scores in the central tumor (CT) and invasion margin (IM) areas were negatively correlated with distant metastasis and Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage in NSCLC patients, while TLS score in the CT area was positively correlated with CD8 expression. TLS (overall), Agg (TLS-CT), and FOL-I (TLS-CT) were positively correlated with distant metastasis, UICC stage, and CD8 expression in NSCLC patients. Agg (TLS-IM) was positively correlated with distant metastasis and UICC stage. FOL-I (TLS-IM) was positively correlated with UICC stage. FOL-II (TLS-IM) was positively correlated with distant metastasis (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that unfavorable independent prognostic factors were associated with metastasis status and UICC stage. Independent prognostic factors with protective effects included Agg (TLS-CT), FOL-I (TLS-CT), total (TLS-CT), and overall TLS (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Histological score assessment of H&E sections of Agg (TLS-CT), FOL-I (TLS-CT), total (TLS-CT), and overall TLS levels in NSCLC has prognostic value.
[1]Abbreviations: Agg, aggregates; CI, confidence interval; CT, central tumor; FOL, follicles; H&E, hematoxylin–eosin; HR, hazard ratio; IM, invasive margin; IM, invasion margin; LSCC, lung squamous cell carcinoma; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; OS, overall survival; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; TLS, tertiary lymphoid structure; TLT, tertiary lymphoid tissue; UICC, Union for International Cancer Control
Class-oriented document vectorization as a new vectorization paradigm: application to job recommender systems
Authors: Tatchum Ghislain Wabo , Nzeko'o Armel Jacques Nzekon , Makembe Fritz Sosso , Djam Xaveria Youh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, job recommender systems are more useful in the fight against unemployment due to their strong presence in e-recruitment platforms that are becoming very popular. Most of the job recommender systems based on machine learning models use a vector representation of job offers based on keywords. However, these keywords are results of vectorization which is applied on a collection of documents where each one is a job offer. In this case, each keyword discriminates one job offer from another, whereas it can be preferable that each keyword discriminates one class from another. Our aims is to improve job recommendation to user profiles, by applying vectorization on a class-oriented collection of documents in order to obtain more useful keywords for job offer representation. In this context, each class-oriented document corresponds to a user profile. Experiments are done on three datasets (Monster, Nigam and Minajobs), using TF-IDF and Doc2Vec as vectorization techniques, Naive Bayes, Decision Trees, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Tranformers erchitecture (TFM) as machine learning models for top-N recommendation, and Precision, MAP and F1-score as evaluation metrics. Results show that, compared to classic job recommender systems, improvement rates can go up to 19\%, 22\% and 20\% for systems based on Naive Bayes, go up to 34\%, 37\% and 34\% for those based on Decision tree, go up to 33\%, 34\%, 34\% for those based on SVM, and go up to 29\%, 40\% and 33\% for those based on transformers architecture, respectively in the Monster, Nigam and Minajobs datasets.
FABP7-mediated lipid-laden macrophages drive liver metastasis through metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells and CD8+ T cells
Authors: Liang Li , Xu Shaowan , Peng Xin , Wang Zhenfang , Le Chenchen , Wu Xiangkun , Zeng Zhicheng , Zeng Sisi , Zhang Ceng , Qiu Mingxing , Zou Xin , Zhang Hongxia , wang feifei , Kang Wei , Ding Yanqing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Abnormal metabolic process is involved in sequential steps of the pre-metastatic cascade and overt metastasis at the distant organ. However, the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolic reprogramming in macrophages regulates the formation of pre-metastic niche (PMN) during liver metastasis remain unknown. Here, we found that fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) was up-regulated in the liver macrophages leading to lipid droplet accumulation in PMN of colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This was partially mediated by hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α)-induced FABP7 expression that subsequently facilitated diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) activity in liver macrophages. FABP7-mediated lipid droplet induced protumoral M2-type macrophages in liver PMN, creating a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Knockout or pharmacologic inhibition of FABP7 reduced liver metastasis of CRC and PDAC, respectively. Mechanistically, lipid-laden macrophages induced by FABP7 transported their lipids to tumor cells and CD8+ T cells via exosomes, leading to heightened tumor cell proliferation and CD8+ T cell dysfunction through different metabolic reprogramming. Besides, FABP7 induced macrophages secreting pleiotrophin (PTN) to promote the proliferation of metastatic tumor cells by activating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, our findings uncover a novel mechanism of FABP7-mediated lipid droplets in macrophage in liver PMN formation and metastasis, and suggest a prognostic and therapeutic potential of targeting FABP7 for liver metastasis.
The prevalence and features of the Delphian lymph nodes' involvement in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Saad Hassan A. , Baz Azza , Riad Mohamed , Eraky Mohamed E , El-Taher Ahmed K , Farid Mohamed I , Sharaf Khaled , Said Huda E. M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
There is ongoing debate on the extent of dissection in patients with papillary thyroid cancer. Evaluating Delphian lymph nodes (DLNs) at the time of the procedure could be helpful in determining the extent of dissection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency and features of DLN in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included patients who underwent PTC surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma. The patients were classified according to whether their DLNs were involved. Age, sex, mass location, lymphatic involvement, tumor size, tumor features, pathology report, and parts of the surgical note were compared between the two groups. The final pathology slides of the patients were evaluated for DLN features.
Results
Among the 61 patients (mean age:38.2 ± 12.0), 45 (73.8%) were female. Of the 13 patients (21.3%), one patient's interaction with DLNs was documented. Other lymph nodes on the same side (P = 0.001), opposite side (P = 0.041), and central lymph nodes (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with DLN involvement. Furthermore, vascular invasion was significantly higher in patients with DLN involvement (P = 0.012).
Conclusion
As DLN involvement is strongly linked to significant nodal involvement, it is suggested that DLNs be evaluated during surgery to determine the correct level of dissection.
Indirect Defense in Sorghum: Attraction of Natural Enemies to Aphid-Infested Plants Varies among Cultivars
Authors: Russavage Emily M. , Hewlett Jeremy A. , Grunseich John M. , Szczepaniec Adrianna , Rooney William L. , Helms Anjel M. , Eubanks Micky D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are an indirect defense used by plants to attract natural enemies and reduce herbivory by insect pests. In many crops including sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), little is known about genotypic variation in HIPV production or how this may affect natural enemy attraction. In this study, we identified and quantified HIPVs produced by 10 sorghum cultivars infested with a prominent aphid pest, the sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sorghi Theobald). Volatiles were collected using dynamic headspace sampling techniques and identified and quantified using GC-MS. The total amounts of volatiles induced by the aphids did not differ among the 10 cultivars, but overall blends of volatiles differed in composition. Most notably, aphid herbivory induced higher levels of methyl salicylate (MeSA) in two cultivars. In addition, four cultivars did not change in the volatile emissions after herbivory. Dual-choice olfactometer assays were used to determine preference of the aphid parasitoid, Aphelinus nigritus, and predator, Chrysoperla rufilabris, between plants of the same cultivar that were un-infested or infested with aphids. Two aphid-infested cultivars were preferred by natural enemies, while four other cultivars were more attractive to natural enemies when they were free of aphids. The remaining four cultivars elicited no response from parasitoids. Our work suggests that genetic variation in HIPV emissions greatly affects parasitoid and predator attraction to aphid-infested sorghum and that screening crop cultivars for indirect defenses has the potential to improve the efficacy of biological control.
SiamMCA: Infrared Target Tracking Algorithm with Mixed Channel Attention
Authors: Li Yonghong , Diao Cheng , Fang Yuhao , Li Laquan , Zhao Zhiqiang , Li Chao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Due to the imaging specificity of infrared images, compared with the RGB images, there are drawbacks such as blurring, low contrast, unclear texture details and large background noise. So the tracking is more difficult and challenging. There are two main methods for infrared target tracking. One is to use Handcrafted features, but it is time-consuming and costly. The other is infrared target tracking algorithm which is the current mainstream algorithm and is to apply the tracking model used for RGB tracking to infrared target tracking. Compared with the RGB images, the image features extracted from infrared images often have low quality and poor tracking performance. Therefore, to address these problems, based on the idea of Siamese network, an efficient infrared target tracking model SiamMCA is designed in this paper. SiamMCA is mainly composed of a feature extraction network module, a mixed channel feature enhancement module, a multi-scale feature fusion module and a regional regression network module (RPN) for object classification and bounding box regression. Firstly, the feature extraction network module based on the deep residual network Resnet50 extracts richer and more comprehensive feature information by introducing multi-head self-attention. Then the mixed channel feature enhancement module assigns different weights to the features of different channels, which makes the model more focus on the regions of interest. Finally, response maps with multi-scale features are obtained by a multi-scale feature fusion module and are fed into the regional regression network module to classify the target and predict and regress the bounding box. The experimental results show that SiamMCA achieves nice performance on infrared data benchmarks LSOTB-TIR and PTB-TIR, and can effectively cope with various infrared target tracking tasks.
Influence of Non-Fourier Heat Flux on the Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Sphere when Lorentz force, Soret and Dufour effects are Significant: An Artificial Neural Network Model
Authors: Suneetha S. , Venkateswarlu A. , Srinivasa K. S. , Babu M. Jayachandra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Heat transmission in systems or thermal devices relies on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. Thermal conductivity (32%) of the hybrid nanofluid (i.e. ethelene glycol conveying zinc and titania nanoparticles) is higher than that (13%) of the ordinary nanofluid (i.e. ethelene glycol conveying zinc nanoparticles), according to experimental data. When Lorentz force, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, heat flux causes to concentration gradient as well as mass flux causes to thermal gradient are significant, nothing is known on the flow of chemically reactive Ethelene glycol conveying zinc and titania nanoparticles due to heat flux due to thermal inertia through porous medium on sphere. Keller box scheme with the combination of finite difference procedure is opted to solve the governing equations by transforming them into a nonlinear and non-dimensional system of partial differential equations. Outcomes (such as the variation in the temperature profile due to Dufour number) are presented in the form of bar plots and plots in two cases i.e., 2 EG+ ZnO+TiO and EG+ ZnO. An in-built function, ‘nntool’ (ANN) in MATLAB is used to validate the data of the engineering parameters including shear stress. An important observation is that, with respect to magnetic field, the shear stress drops to -0.146 (HNF-Hybrid Nano Fluid) and -0.08887 (NF-Nano Fluid), whereas the skin friction factor increases by 2.764055 (HNF), 2.028481 (NF) with an increment in volume fraction of nanoparticle. The reported decreases in heat transfer rate for Dufour number are - 0.15607 (HNF) and - 0.15815 (NF). Also it was revealed that when a growth in Soret number causes to lessen the mass transfer rate and that the decrement amounts for HNF and NF in relation to the Soret number are - 0.03187 and - 0.03904. And also, it is noticed that the greater the thermal relaxation parameter, the lower the temperature of the fluid.
Forkhead box E1, frequently methylated in colorectal cancer, inhibits cancer cell growth and metastasis by changing the cellular actin skeleton
Authors: Shi Qinlan , Huang Zhongting , Kuang Yeye , Wang Chan , Fang Xiao , Hu Xiaotong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Forkhead box E1 (FOXE1), also known as thyroid transcription factor 2 (TTF-2), belongs to a large family of forkhead transcription factors. It plays important roles in embryogenesis, cell growth, and differentiation. Cancer-specific FOXE1 hypermethylation events have been identified in several cancers. However, the expression and function of FOXE1 in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer remain still unknown. In this study, we examined FOXE1 expression and methylation in normal colon mucosa, CRC cell lines, and primary tumors by immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, methylation-specific PCR, and bisulfite genomic sequencing. We found that FOXE1 was frequently methylated and silenced in CRC cell lines and was downregulated in CRC tissues compared with paired adjacent non-tumor tissues. Meanwhile, low FOXE1 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stages, indicating its potential as a tumor marker. Subsequently, we established colon cancer cell lines with stable FOXE1 expression to observe the biological effect on colorectal cancer, including cell growth, migration, actin cytoskeleton, and growth of human colorectal xenografts, in nude mice. Ectopic expression of FOXE1 could suppress tumor cell growth and migration and affect the organization of the actin cytoskeleton together with suppressing tumorigenicity in vivo. FOXE1 methylation was frequently seen in association with a complete absence of or downregulated gene expression, and FOXE1 plays a suppressive role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer.
Selinexor targets expression of metabolic genes in Merkel cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Moore Stephen A. , Landes Jennifer R. , Simonette Rebecca A. , He Qin , Doan Hung Q. , Rady Peter L. , Tyring Stephen K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a deadly skin cancer that primarily affects the elderly and immunocompromised, with mortality rates ranging from 50% to 80%. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is associated with 80% of cases of MCC. The primary treatment for MCC is immune checkpoint inhibitors; however, many patients are unresponsive to or do not meet criteria for treatment. The Warburg effect has linked cancer cell survival to increased glycolytic metabolism to maintain increased cellular energy demands. While initial hypotheses suggested that increased glycolysis itself was directly upregulated and important in cancer cell proliferation, more recent ideas suggest a “moonlighting” role for glycolysis genes. In general, these “moonlighting” proteins’ non-metabolic functions are equally as important if not more important than their catalytic functions.
Previous research on MCPyV-positive MCC demonstrated that selinexor targeted and decreased the expression of viral T antigens, inhibited the DNA damage response, and downregulated lipogenesis proteins. More recently, these metabolic genes have been found to regulate many oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Selinexor, an approved treatment for multiple myeloma, acts as a selective inhibitor of nuclear export by blocking exportin 1 and blocking translation of key proto-oncogenes.
Objectives: Here, we report the effects of selinexor on expression of glycolytic and metabolic genes, specifically discussing the catalytic effects on metabolic function and their indirect non-catalytic effects.
Methods: Immunoblotting quantified through densitometric analysis determined the protein expression in MS-1 cell lines. T-tests were used to determine statistical significance.
Results: Analysis revealed highly statistically significant (p<0.001) or statistically significant (p<0.01) downregulations of protein expression of GLUD1, GLUT3, Hexokinase 1, PFKFB2, amphiregulin, LDHA, PDHK1, and MCT1.
Conclusion: In the MCC cell line MS-1, selinexor significantly downregulated expression of many genes in cellular energy metabolism and cellular proliferation in a statistically significant relevant manner. These results suggest that selinexor may be a novel viable option for the treatment of MCC, but further studies in vivo and clinical trials are required to validate these findings.
Impact of Soil Moisture and Rainfall variability on Soybean Crop Yield during El Niño Episodes in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Soni Anil Kumar , Tripathi Jayant Nath , Tripathi Akshar , Sateesh M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the influence of ENSO events on soil moisture, rainfall, and soybean crop yields, alongside an evaluation of trends and their correlations with soybean crop yield. Marathwada and Vidarbha regions, contributing 39% of India's soybean production, were found to be highly susceptible to El Niño events especially western and central parts of this region. El Niño negatively affected crop yield, with reductions ranging from − 12% to -70%, including − 7% to -40% rainfall decreases and − 2% to -6% lower soil moisture. During a very strong El Niño year, Marathwada experienced a 40% rainfall deficit and a 70% crop yield decline, while Vidarbha had a 7% rainfall deficit and a 57% crop yield reduction. Soil moisture trends indicated declining levels in Vidarbha during critical soybean growth months (June and August), whereas Marathwada showed no significant trend. Rainfall trends revealed an increase in September in Marathwada, affecting crop maturity, while Vidarbha had a beneficial rainfall trend in July, promoting crop growth and soil moisture. Correlations between soil moisture, rainfall, and soybean yield varied, with Marathwada exhibiting correlations of 0.58 for soil moisture and 0.56 for rainfall, and Vidarbha displaying a correlation of 0.29 for soil moisture and 0.53 for rainfall.