bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ARDSに対する腹臥位療法中に小腸憩室穿通を発症し死亡した1例(Perforation of small bowel diverticulum during prone position therapy for ARDS: a case report)
Authors: 剛 鈴木 , 智史 上野 , 徹宏 矢野 , 雅洋 岩渕 , 誠 小野寺 , 雄一郎 喜古 , 憲 伊関 
Published: November 2023

要旨　腹臥位療法はARDSに対して有効な治療法である。一方，腹臥位療法には圧挫傷など多くの合併症が報告されている。腹臥位療法中に小腸憩室穿通から敗血症性ショックに至り死亡した症例を経験したので報告する。81歳の男性，既往歴に回腸憩室炎に対し回盲部切除術が施行されている。COVID–19の発症2日目に中等症IIと診断された。発症7日目に酸素化の増悪を認め人工呼吸管理を開始した。その後も酸素化は改善せず発症15日目から腹臥位療法を導入した。腹臥位療法導入後から炎症反応の上昇を認めた。発症18日目にショック状態となり，まもなく死亡した。死亡時画像診断では空腸腸管膜内に膿瘍の形成を認めた。病理解剖で空腸腸管膜内に便汁の漏出を認め，空腸憩室が腸管膜へ穿通していた。腹臥位療法中に認める合併症は圧挫傷が最も多く，顔面や四肢骨盤に発生する一方で，腹腔内への圧損傷は考慮されにくい。小腸憩室が存在する場合には腹臥位療法中に腹腔内圧の上昇，もしくは直接的な圧迫により憩室の脆弱部分に負荷がかかり腸管損傷を引き起こす可能性を考慮する必要がある。しかし，小腸憩室は比較的稀な疾患であり腹臥位療法の導入前に認知が困難である。腹臥位療法中に状態の悪化を認めた場合には腹腔内，とくに腸管損傷を疑ってCT検査を行う必要がある。
Screening of probiotic Lactobacillus to reduce peanut allergy and with potential anti‐allergic activity
Authors: Yang Shiyu , Peng Zhen , Hardie William James , Huang Tao , Tang Hui , Liu Zhuo , Liu Qiaozhen , Xiao Muyan , Xiong Tao , Xie Mingyong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPeanut is a significant source of nutrition and a valuable oilseed crop. It is also a serious allergy source, which poses a threat to 1.1% of the population. This study aimed to screen lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with the capacity to alleviate peanut allergenicity and exhibit anti‐allergic properties.RESULTThe results show that LAB can make use of substances in peanuts to reduce the pH of peanut milk from 6.603 to 3.593–4.500 by acid production and that it can utilize the protein in peanuts to reduce the allergenic content (especially Ara h 1) and improve biological activity in peanut pulp. The content of Ara h 1 peanut‐sensitizing protein was reduced by 74.65% after fermentation. The protein extracted from fermented peanut pulp is more readily digestible by gastrointestinal juices. The inhibitory activity assay of hyaluronidase (an enzyme with strong correlation to allergy) increased from 46.65% to a maximum of 90.57% to reveal that LAB fermentation of peanut pulp exhibited a robust anti‐allergic response.CONCLUSIONThe strains identified in this study exhibited the ability to mitigate peanut allergenicity partially and to possess potential anti‐allergic properties. Lactobacillus plantarum P1 and Lactobacillus salivarius C24 were identified as the most promising strains and were selected for further research. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
ELEVATED LEADERS EMPLOY ELEVATED SYSTEMS THAT ELEVATE THEIR ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Gottfredson Ryan K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe author, a leadership development consultant and professor, discusses the concept of “elevated leadership.” His case study is that of Alan Mulally, former Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Ford as well as Boeing Commercial Airlines. He also points to other elevated leaders, such as Satya Nadella at Microsoft, Mary Barra at General Motors, and Ed Catmull at Pixar and Disney Animation. The author’s explanation of the concept: “Leaders who are more elevated have a greater ability to effectively navigate their tumultuous environments and ensure long‐term success of their teams and organizations, because they employ elevated systems that ultimately elevate their organization.” His Table 1 shows executives at three different levels of adult development: Level 1 (Good Soldiers, 7%), Level 2 (Progress Makers, 85%), and Level 3 (Value Creators, 8%). As a contrast, 64% of all adults fall into the Good Soldiers category. He describes Mulally’s Working Together Leadership and Management System as comprised of five core elements: Governance, Leadership Team, Principles and Practices, Creating Value Roadmap, and Business Plan Review. Benefits of the latter included that it “engendered clarity and focus – It ensured that all leadership team members were clear on and united in the vision, strategy, and plan for moving forward and knew the areas that needed special attention.”
THE TIME HAS COME TO LEAD DIFFERENTLY FROM THE WAY YOU WERE LED
Authors: McGowan Heather E. , Shipley Chris 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe authors have been thought partners and collaborators for nearly a decade. Their article describes new models of leadership, built on modern mindsets that hold relevance in a world trying to navigate the pandemic and post‐pandemic eras. At the beginning, they claim: “Despite the many remarkable advances in our increasingly digital economy, the relationship between employer and worker remains deeply rooted in an industrial age model that extracts ‐ if not outright exploits ‐ human labor.” The first figure, about how we pick leaders, contrasts old and new models. For instance, within selection criteria, the old model is “best technical expertise, longest tenure, etc.,” while the new model is “best human skills, connector, coach.” For “motivation with,” old: “domination, fear” and new: “Inspiration, Caring, Love.” While introducing their figure 4, they write, “To be successful in this forever changed, post‐pandemic world of work, leaders must make four fundamental shifts, adapting their mindset, culture, approach, and behavior to meet the newly empowered workforce.” For instance, mindset moves from “managing process,” to “enabling (people) success.” Culture moves from “peers as competitors” to “peers as collaborators.” Approach moves from “extrinsic pressure” to “intrinsic motivation.” Behavior moves from “productivity through fear,” to “effectiveness through inspiration.”
CHANGING YOUR MIND, ONE BELIEF AT A TIME
Authors: Carrillo Fernando , Wiseman Liz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe authors (Carrillo; a leadership coach, founder of WellWater, and curate at HTB Church in London, England); (Wiseman; former corporate executive who now works as a management researcher, executive advisor, and CEO of The Wiseman Group) believe that “To create a durable change in behavior, we need to change the beliefs behind the behavior. We need a change of mind, and one that lasts.” The article builds on the life story and personal/professional growth of Carrillo. They write: “He hasn’t stopped working on himself, but Fernando’s experience illustrates the slow, steady nature of transformational change and the practices that can help us change for good.” They outline “3 Practices to build better beliefs,” portrayed as a “success cycle” figure. The practices are: 1. Change your thought patterns 2. Gather supporting evidence 3. Help others change their minds. For instance, within practice 1 they note: “Our beliefs often begin with the words and actions of others toward us, which can then shape our sense of self. These beliefs need not actually be true to hold powerful sway over our assumptions and perceptions of reality.” This process takes time: “While we may occasionally experience sudden transformation, change is usually gradual, occurring in almost imperceptible increments.”
Cross ownership, union bargaining with managerial delegation, and stakeholders conflicts
Authors: Wu Di , Sun Ji , Wang Leonard F. S. , Yang Can 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we examine when the owners negotiate union bargaining and delegate production to managers, showing that an increasing degree of cross ownership exacerbates the conflicting interests between the owners and consumers. If the bargaining power of the union is weak, the owners will choose to bargain with the union and delegate to managers simultaneously. Otherwise, the owners will bargain with the union first and then set delegate incentives to managers.
Fabrication of high‐performance poly(vinyl alcohol) tubes via stable melt extrusion by reversible crosslinking of boric acid
Authors: Chen Zhaohui , Pu Lian , Li Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe unique intermolecular interactions of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) endow it with excellent barrier properties to oxygen and nonpolar hydrocarbon organic solvents, thus having potential applications in the fields of oil and gas transmission. In view of the difficulties in thermal processing of PVA and based on the molecular complexation technology established by our research group, the melt extrusion of PVA tubes was achieved. To improve the extrusion stability of PVA tubes, boric acid (BA), which could form reversible crosslinking with PVA, was further introduced, and the influences of BA content on the interactions between BA and PVA, the thermal processability of PVA, as well as the mechanical properties and gasoline barrier properties of PVA tubes were systematically studied. The results showed that BA could form both chemical and physical crosslinking with PVA, so controlled the violent evaporation of water, one of plasticizers with low boiling point, and at the same time ensured the good thermal processing of PVA, lastly realizing the stable melt extrusion of PVA tubes. With the increase of BA content, the crystallinity of PVA decreased, but the glass transition temperature, mechanical properties, thermal dimensional stability, as well as water resistance of PVA tubes increased. The gasoline barrier of PVA tubes reached the best at the BA content of 0.10 wt%, that is, 0.97 g mm/m2 day.
Surface exposed and charged residues drive thermostability in fungi
Authors: Senthilkumar Shricharan , Mahesh Sankar , Jaisankar Subachandran , Yennamalli Ragothaman M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFungi, though mesophilic, include thermophilic and thermostable species, as well. The thermostability of proteins observed in these fungi is most likely to be attributed to several molecular factors, such as the presence of salt bridges and hydrogen bond interactions between side chains. These factors cannot be generalized for all fungi. Factors impacting thermostability can guide how fungal thermophilic proteins gain thermostability. We curated a dataset of proteins for 14 thermophilic fungi and their evolutionarily closer mesophiles. Additionally, the proteome of Chaetomium thermophilum and its evolutionarily related mesophile Chaetomium globosum was analyzed. Using eggNOG, we categorized the proteomes into clusters of orthologous groups (COGs). While the individual count of proteins is over‐represented in mesophiles (for COGs S, G, L, and Q), there are certain features that are significantly enriched in thermophiles (such as charged residues, exposed residues, polar residues, etc.). Since fungi are known to be cellulolytic and chitinolytic by nature, we selected 37 existing carbohydrate‐active enzymes (CAZyme) families in Eurotiales, Mucorales, and Sordariales. We looked at closely similar sequences and their modeled structures for further comparison. Comparing solvent accessibilities of thermophilic and mesophilic proteins, exposed and intermediate residues are observed higher in thermophiles whereas buried residues are observed higher in mesophiles. For specific five CAZYme families (GH7, GH11, GH18, GH45, and CBM1) we looked at position‐specific substitutions between thermophiles and mesophiles. We also found that there are relatively more intramolecular interactions in thermophiles compared to mesophiles. Thus, we found factors such as surface exposed residues and charged residues that are highly likely to impart thermostability in fungi, and this study sets the stage for further studies in the area of fungal thermostability.
Biophysical and biochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system from Colwellia psychrerythraea
Authors: Sahtout Naheda , Sanders David A. R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe thioredoxin system is a ubiquitous oxidoreductase system consisting of the enzyme thioredoxin reductase, the protein thioredoxin, and the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. The system has been comprehensively studied from many organisms, such as Escherichia coli; however, structural and functional analysis of this system from psychrophilic bacteria has not been as extensive. In this study, the thioredoxin system proteins of a psychrophilic bacterium, Colwellia psychrerythraea, were characterized using biophysical and biochemical techniques. Analysis of the complete genome sequence of the C. psychrerythraea thioredoxin system suggested the presence of a putative thioredoxin reductase and at least three thioredoxin. In this study, these identified putative thioredoxin system components were cloned, overexpressed, purified, and characterized. Our studies have indicated that the thioredoxin system proteins from E. coli were more stable than those from C. psychrerythraea. Consistent with these results, kinetic assays indicated that the thioredoxin reductase from E. coli had a higher optimal temperature than that from C. psychrerythraea.
Management of aortic thrombosis in a dog 10 days after surgical removal of necrotic puppies
Authors: Glover Hamish Russell , Haydon Shona , Fraga‐Mantiega Eduardo , Alcoverro Emili 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA 4‐year‐old, female, entire, miniature, smooth‐haired dachshund was admitted for investigation of acute onset of spinal hyperalgesia and paraplegia. Ten days before presentation, the dog had undergone a caesarean section. Five dead/necrotic puppies were removed. A diagnosis of an aortic thrombosis was reached. Medical management resulted in a significant improvement of the neurological function. The aortic thrombosis was suspected to be secondary to the pregnancy and Caesarean section.
Time evolution of Einstein-Maxwell-scalar black holes after a thermal quench
Authors: Chen Qian , Ning Zhuan , Tian Yu , Wu Xiaoning , Zhang Cheng-Yong , Zhang Hongbao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We employ the holographic quench technique to drive Einstein-Maxwell-scalar (EMs) black holes out of equilibrium and study the real-time dynamics therein. From the fully nonlinear dynamical simulations, a dynamically unstable Reissner-Nordström anti-de Sitter (RN-AdS) black hole can be scalarized spontaneously after an arbitrarily small quench. On the other hand, a dynamically stable scalarized black hole can be descalarized after a quench of sufficient strength. Interestingly, on the way to descalarization, the scalarized black hole behaves like a holographic superfluid, undergoing a dynamical transition from oscillatory to non-oscillatory decay. Such behaviors are related to the spectrums of quasi-normal modes of scalarized black holes, where the dominant mode migrates toward the imaginary axis with increasing quench strength. In addition, due to the ℤ2-symmetry preserved by the model, the ground state is degenerate. We find that there exists a threshold for the quench strength that induces a dynamical transition of the gravitational system from one degenerate ground state to the other. Near the threshold, the gravitational system is attracted to an excited state, that is, a RN-AdS black hole with dynamical instability.
Deformed Cartan matrices and generalized preprojective algebras II: general type
Authors: Fujita Ryo , Murakami Kota 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe propose a definition of deformed symmetrizable generalized Cartan matrices with several deformation parameters, which admit a categorical interpretation by graded modules over the generalized preprojective algebras in the sense of Geiß–Leclerc–Schröer. Using the categorical interpretation, we deduce a combinatorial formula for the inverses of our deformed Cartan matrices in terms of braid group actions. Under a certain condition, which is satisfied in all the symmetric cases or in all the finite and affine cases, our definition coincides with that of the mass-deformed Cartan matrices introduced by Kimura–Pestun in their study of quiver$$\mathcal {W}$$W-algebras.
Pilot Study: Short Term Impact of Radiation Therapy on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Metabolism
Authors: Thio Quirina C. B. S. , van Wulfften Palthe Olivier D. R. , Bramer Jos A. M. , DeLaney Thomas F. , Bredella Miriam A. , Dempster David W. , Zhou Hua , Hornicek Francis J. , Chen Yen-Lin E. , Schwab Joseph H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite the risk of complications, high dose radiation therapy is increasingly utilized in the management of selected bone malignancies. In this study, we investigate the impact of moderate to high dose radiation (over 50 Gy) on bone metabolism and structure. Between 2015 and 2018, patients with a primary malignant bone tumor of the sacrum that were either treated with high dose definitive radiation only or a combination of moderate to high dose radiation and surgery were prospectively enrolled at a single institution. Quantitative CTs were performed before and after radiation to determine changes in volumetric bone mineral density (BMD) of the irradiated and non-irradiated spine. Bone histomorphometry was performed on biopsies of the irradiated sacrum and the non-irradiated iliac crest of surgical patients using a quadruple tetracycline labeling protocol. In total, 9 patients were enrolled. Two patients received radiation only (median dose 78.3 Gy) and 7 patients received a combination of preoperative radiation (median dose 50.4 Gy), followed by surgery. Volumetric BMD of the non-irradiated lumbar spine did not change significantly after radiation, while the BMD of the irradiated sacrum did (pre-radiation median: 108.0 mg/cm3 (IQR 91.8–167.1); post-radiation median: 75.3 mg/cm3 (IQR 57.1–110.2); p = 0.010). The cancellous bone of the non-irradiated iliac crest had a stable bone formation rate, while the irradiated sacrum showed a significant decrease in bone formation rate [pre-radiation median: 0.005 mm3/mm2/year (IQR 0.003–0.009), post-radiation median: 0.001 mm3/mm2/year (IQR 0.001–0.001); p = 0.043]. Similar effects were seen in the cancellous and endocortical envelopes. This pilot study shows a decrease of volumetric BMD and bone formation rate after high-dose radiation therapy. Further studies with larger cohorts and other endpoints are needed to get more insight into the effect of radiation on bone. Level of evidence: IV.
Increasing Salt Marsh Elevation Using Sediment Augmentation: Critical Insights from Surface Sediments and Sediment Cores
Authors: Fard Elizabeth , Brown Lauren N. , Ambrose Richard F. , Whitcraft Christine , Thorne Karen M. , Kemnitz Nathaniel J. , Hammond Douglas E. , MacDonald Glen M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSea-level rise is particularly concerning for tidal wetlands that reside within an area with steep topography or are constrained by human development and alteration of sedimentation. Sediment augmentation to increase wetland elevations has been considered as a potential strategy for such areas to prevent wetland loss over the coming decades. However, there is little information on the best approaches and whether adaptive management actions can mimic natural processes to build sea-level rise resilience. In addition, the lack of information on long-term marsh characteristics, processes, and variability can hamper development of effective augmentation strategies. Here, we assess a case study in a southern California marsh to determine the nature of the pre-existing sediments and variability of the site in relation to sediments applied during an augmentation experiment. Although sediment cores revealed natural variations in the grain size and organic content of sediments deposited at the site over the past 1500 years, the applied sediments were markedly coarser in grain size than prehistoric sediments at the site (100% maximum sand versus 76% maximum sand). The rate of the experimental sediment application (25.1 ± 1.09 cm in ~2 months) was also much more rapid than natural accretion rates measured for the site historically. In contrast, post-augmentation sediment accretion rates on the augmentation site have been markedly slower than pre-augmentation rates or current rates on a nearby control site. The mismatch between the characteristics of the applied sediment and thickness of application and the historic conditions are likely strong contributors to the slow initial recovery of vegetation. Sediment augmentation has been shown to be a useful strategy in some marshes, but this case study illustrates that vegetation recovery may be slow if applied sediments are not similar or at a thickness similar to historic conditions. However, testing adaptation strategies to build wetland elevations is important given the long-term risk of habitat loss with sea-level rise. Lessons learned in the case study could be applied elsewhere.
Ontogeny and social context regulate the circadian activity patterns of Lake Malawi cichlids
Authors: Lloyd Evan , Rastogi Aakriti , Holtz Niah , Aaronson Ben , Craig Albertson R. , Keene Alex C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractActivity patterns tend to be highly stereotyped and critical for executing many different behaviors including foraging, social interactions, and predator avoidance. Differences in the circadian timing of locomotor activity and rest periods can facilitate habitat partitioning and the exploitation of novel niches. As a consequence, closely related species often display highly divergent activity patterns, suggesting that shifts from diurnal to nocturnal behavior, or vice versa, are critical for survival. In Africa’s Lake Malawi alone, there are over 500 species of cichlids, which inhabit diverse environments and exhibit extensive phenotypic variation. We have previously identified a substantial range in activity patterns across adult Lake Malawi cichlid species, from strongly diurnal to strongly nocturnal. In many species, including fishes, ecological pressures differ dramatically across life-history stages, raising the possibility that activity patterns may change over ontogeny. To determine if rest-activity patterns change across life stages, we compared the locomotor patterns of six Lake Malawi cichlid species. While total rest and activity did not change between early juvenile and adult stages, rest-activity patterns did, with juveniles displaying distinct activity rhythms that are more robust than adults. One distinct difference between juveniles and adults is the emergence of complex social behavior. To determine whether social context is required for activity rhythms, we next measured locomotor behavior in group-housed adult fish. We found that when normal social interactions were allowed, locomotor activity patterns were restored, supporting the notion that social interactions promote circadian regulation of activity in adult fish. These findings reveal a previously unidentified link between developmental stage and social interactions in the circadian timing of cichlid activity.