bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after virus-induced exacerbations
Authors: Shpagina L. A , Kotova O. S , Shpagin I. S. , Kuznetsova G. V. , Karmanovskaya S. A. , Panacheva L. A. , Anikina E. V. 
Published: December 2023

Viral respiratory infection is one of the main etiologic factors for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). The disease course after virus-associated AECOPD and the response to treatment have not been studied adequately.The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) of long-acting anticholinergic drugs (LAMA)/long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) of adrenergic receptors/inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) on COPD symptoms, lung function, exercise tolerance, and inflammatory activity compared with multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT) after a virus-associated COPD exacerbation.Methods. This was an observational prospective cohort study of COPD patients (spirographус criterion) hospitalized for AECOPD with viral (n = 60) or viral-bacterial (n = 60) infection. The comparison group included patients with bacterial AECOPD (n = 60). Viral infection was diagnosed by PCR-RT of sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for RNAs of rhinovirus, RS virus, influenza A and B viruses, or SARS-CoV-2 virus. Bacterial infection was demonstrated by sputum purulence and/or procalcitonin test results and/or standard culture data. During AECOPD, blood cytokines were measured by ELISA. The patients were treated with SITT (investigational treatment) or MITT (comparison treatment) of LAMA/LABA/ICS in real-world clinical practice. The follow-up started 4 weeks after AECOPD regression and discharge from hospital.Results. After 52 weeks of treatment, FEV1 decline was smaller than in the SITT group. Differences from the MITT group were greater in patients with viral AECOPD (–69 (–75; –10) ml vs –75 (–78; –72) ml) or viral-bacterial AECOPD (–67.5 (–69; –37.25) ml vs –75.5 (–84; –70.25) ml). An increase in DLCO/Va, 6-minut walk test (6MWT) results, a decrease in bronchodilation coefficient, blood eosinophils and fibrinogen was seen only in subjects who received SITT and had viralor viral-bacterial AECOPD. A multiple regression model revealed a direct association between blood interleukin-5 and improvement in FEV1 (В = 0.848) and DLCO/Va (B=0.117) and a negative correlation with blood levels of amino-terminal propeptide of type-III procollagen and improvement in DLCO/Va (В = –0.021).Conclusion. SITT with LAMA/LABA/ICS was more effective in preventing FEV1 decline, increasing DLCO, 6MWT results, and decreasing airway inflammation in virus-associated or viral-bacterial AECOPD.
Post-COVID syndrome and capillary bed abnormalities detected by videocapillaroscopy
Authors: Nguyen H. C. , Chuchalin A. G. 
Published: December 2023

Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is a pressing problem in clinical practice. Dyspnea, along with neurologic and cardiovascular symptoms, is the most common symptom indicating low exercise capacity (EC) that reduces quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate shortness of breath and the capillary bed abnormalities detected video capillaroscopy (VCS) in patients with PCS.Methods.The study included patients with PCS (n = 60) suffering from shortness of breath. Dyspnea was assessed using the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT). The capillary bed abnormality was diagnosed using VCS.Results.Patients with ACL walked an average of 79.5% of the predicted distance in the 6-MWT. They also had a decrease in pulse oximetry readings. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st– patients with desaturation, 2nd– patients without desaturation. Significant differences were observed between patients with and without desaturation, especially in the 6-MWT distance, pulse oximetry, and dyspnea before and after the 6-MWT. Patients with desaturation had a higher desaturation-to-distance ratio, a higher O2-GAP index, and higher cardiac effort levels, as well as a significant decrease in the proportion of perfused capillaries (PPC), mean capillary density, and a marked increase in the proportion of tortuous and branched capillaries. There was a direct correlation between PPC and diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (DLCO/Va), distance traveled during the 6-MWT and percentage (%) of predicted distance, inverse correlation between PPC and cardiac effort. There was a direct correlation between the percentage (%) of capillary recovery and 6-MWT distance and the percentage (%) of predicted distance, as well as an inverse correlation with the ratio of desaturation indicators and walking distance. Similarly, there was a direct correlation between mean capillary density and DLCO/Va, while the proportion (%) of tortuous capillaries was inversely correlated with DLCO, and the proportion (%) of branched capillaries was inversely correlated with DLCO/Va.Conclusion.The multifactorial nature of the mechanisms of dyspnea in patients with PCS was demonstrated, with the important role of vasculopathy. Continuous monitoring of pulse oximetry, heart rate and VCS are effective methods to screen and assess the condition of patients with PCS and dyspnea.
Pulmonary hemorrhage in cystic fibrosis: a review of current data
Authors: Fedotova M. M. , Doronina A. A. 
Published: December 2023

Pulmonary hemorrhage is a serious complication of cystic fibrosis (CF) with a prevalence up to 9.1%. According to the Registry of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis of the Russian Federation for 2020, the prevalence of pulmonary hemorrhage was 1.5% in the general population, and 6.5% in patients over 18 years of age. Despite the importance of this problem, there is no systematic information on pulmonary hemorrhage in CF.Aim. The purpose of this study was to review current data on the pathogenesis, risk factors, and approaches to the treatment of pulmonary hemorrhage in patients with CF. Information was searched in еLibrary and PubMed databases.Results. During the literature review, we summarized and systematized the collected scientific data on pulmonary hemorrhage in CF. The pathogenesis of pulmonary hemorrhage is chronic inflammation in the bronchial wall accompanied by increased angiogenesis factors that promote neovascularization with development of many tortuous, thin-walled vessels. Exacerbation of bronchial inflammation and mechanical strain contribute to erosion and damage of fragile vessels and cause the bleeding. The main risk factors for pulmonary hemorrhage were colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, diabetes mellitus, and FEV1 < 70%. Complex therapy for pulmonary hemorrhage includes the use of antibiotics and antifibrinolytic agents. Some of the published regimens use β-blockers and blood coagulation factor VII. Data on the efficacy of vitamin K are unclear, but it is also used in the treatment of pulmonary hemorrhage. In cases of massive bleeding, temporarily discontinuation of inhalations of hypertonic solution and kinesiotherapy is recommended. In case of recurrent massive bleedings, bronchial artery embolization is performed and lung resection can be done in extreme cases.Conclusion. Hemoptysis in CF is a complex clinical problem that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Currently, important aspects of the pathogenesis of pulmonary hemorrhage remain unclear. Given the increasing life expectancy of CF patients and the age-related risk of pulmonary hemorrhage, it is important to investigate the pathogenetic aspects of this complication for the subsequent development of effective and justified treatment algorithms.
Diagnosis, combined treatment, and long-term follow-up of a thymoma patient
Authors: Chichkova N. V. , Kogan E. A. , Fomin V. V. , Parshin V. D. , Fominykh E. V. , Bychkov Yu. M. , Morozova N. V. , Ponomarev A. B. 
Published: December 2023

Thymic neoplasms account for 20 – 25% of primary mediastinal tumors. Nonspecific clinical symptoms are often associated with delayed diagnosis of thymoma, leading to a distinctive problem of late diagnosis. Nowadays, surgical removal of the tumor is the method of choice for thymoma treatment. Combination treatment is indicated in the case of an unresectable tumor. Modern therapy (various combinations of anticancer drugs) helps reduce neoplasm size, stop metastasis, and maintain good quality of life in patients with thymoma.Aim. The presented clinical case of type B3 thymoma (with invasion into surrounding organs and metastatic pleura) is characterized by a long asymptomatic period of the disease, the onset of symptoms after suffering COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) and successful long-term polychemotherapy. The causes of late diagnosis, as well as insufficient oncologic vigilance in evaluating the results of laboratory and instrumental tests, are discussed based on this clinical case.Conclusion. A correct diagnosis, as well as successful treatment, requires a multidisciplinary approach involving physicians from different specialties – general practitioners, oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, and morphologists.
Interstitial lung diseases in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Korzh Elena V. 
Published: December 2023

Diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains poorly understood.The purpose of the work was to demonstrate approaches to the diagnosis of ILD in HIV-infected patients with different levels of CD4 lymphocytes. An analysis of literature data and clinical observations of ILD in HIV-infected individuals (n = 2) whose CD4 lymphocyte count was 677 (37.5%) and 1 (0.21%) cells/μl are presented. The patients were observed and treated for a long time by pulmonology specialists, including anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. The patient with CD4 lymphocyte count of 677 cells/μl in the absence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the sputum had an established diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with the progressive development of respiratory failure and progression of the computed tomographic pattern from large areas of “ground glass” to the formation of reticular changes and “honeycomb” lung within 2 years. The patient with CD4 count of 1 cell/μl was diagnosed with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia based on characteristic clinical manifestations of increasing respiratory failure against the background of diffuse interstitial pneumofibrosis in the absence of bacterial excretion, the effects of antimycobacterial, antibacterial and antifungal treatment for 7 months, and excluding other causes of lung damage.Conclusion. The development of interstitial fibrosing pulmonary process of non-infectious etiology in HIV-infected patients with different states of T-helper immunity has been demonstrated. After excluding opportunistic infections, the influence of other factors, and concomitant diseases, these patients were diagnosed with various forms of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. However, existing reports of the direct damaging effects of the virus on the pulmonary parenchyma also suggest the possibility of HIV-associated interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.
FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS OF SUPERGIANT STAR HD 40589 (A0Iab)
Authors: Samedov Z. A. , Rustem U. R. , Hajiyeva G. M. , Aliyeva Z. F. 
Published: December 2023

The atmosphere of HD 40589 (A0Iab) supergiant star of A spectral class was studied using the model atmosphere and parallax methods. The effective temperatures (Teff) and surface of gravity (log g) were determined using a comparison of the observed and calculated values of the photometric quantities [c1], Q and the equivalent widths of the hydrogen Balmer lines and parallax. Based on the Fe II lines the microturbulent velocity and metallicity [Fe/H] were determined. Metallicity of the program star is close to the metallicity of the Sun. This shows that our program star and the Sun are formed from the interstellar medium of a similar metallicity.
Çağdaş Sanatta Bir Tema Olarak “Merdiven” Kavramı Üzerine Bireysel Söylemler
Authors: ÇEVİK Naile 
Published: December 2023

Antik çağlarda bir temel ihtiyaç olarak ortaya çıkan merdiven kullanımı, insanların barınmak için yaptıkları
mekânları zeminden yükseğe taşıma ana amacına hizmet ediyordu.Daha sonraki dönemlerdemerdivenler,
bu somut anlamının yanı sıra soyut ve ilahi anlamlarda kazanmıştır. Günümüzde ise merdivenler bulunduğu
mekâna ve bağlama göre bazen işlevsel bazen de işlevini yitirerek yalın bir heykelsi form olarak mekâna
yeni anlamlar kazandırmaktadır. Bir kullanım nesnesine dair yaşanan değişimlerin sanatta da bir karşılığı
olmuştur. Bu çalışma kapsamında; merdiveni sanatsal üretimlerinin odağına alan Marcel Duchamp, Harold
Davis, Ivan Navarro, Mutlu Başkaya, Martin Puryear, Ferit Cihat Sertkaya, M.C. Escher, Olafur Eliasson,
Jonathan Borofsky, Massimo Uberti, Rachel Whiteread, Do Ho Suhve Hasan Pekmezci gibi sanatçıların
eserleri incelenmektedir.Sonrasında ulaşma ve erişme sorunsalını merdiven teması ile birleştiren Naile
Çevik’in bireysel seramik form üretimleri üzerinden değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
La educación femenina en la sociedad nicaragüense: una contrariedad de la Revolución Liberal (1893-1909)
Authors: Zosa-Cano Alexander 
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Analizar los propósitos y los programas educativos, del modelo conservador, para educar a la mujer en antítesis a la proyección económica, política y social de la Revolución liberal en nicaragüense (1893-1909)
Originalidad/aporte: Se aporta al estudio historiográfico de la mujer vista desde el Programas de Estudios en oposición a la proyección económica, política y social de la Revolución Liberal.
Método: Se trata de una investigación cualitativa pues mediante la revisión bibliográfica y hemerográfica se examinan los programas de estudio y los espacios culturales en que se desarrolla este nuevo proceso de educación conservadora en una época que proclama la libertad.
Estrategias/recolección de información: Se compiló y organizó la información documental de la Biblioteca del Banco Central de Nicaragua, del Instituto de Historia Nicaragua y Centroamérica (IHNCA-UCA) y de la Biblioteca Nacional de Nicaragua.
Conclusiones:
1- Los propósitos de la educación femenina, durante la Revolución Liberal, eran prepararla para la vida conyugal y la crianza de sus hijos; sin embargo, pudieron asirse de las oportunidades que le asignó el Estado como educadora en los niveles de Kindergarten, primaria, secundaria para transmitir sus ideas en pro de la mujer. Años después, ellas o sus alumnas, encabezarían el nacimiento de la lucha femenina en Nicaragua.
2- Por otro lado, los Programas Educativos empleados para educar a la mujer fueron un remedo de modernidad, pues eliminaron los Planes de Estudios del Colegio de Señoritas de Granada que habían adaptado las profesoras norteamericanas, y establecieron sus Planes con el propósito de formar a las mujeres a la vida doméstica.
3- Es meritorio recalcar que durante los 16 años de Revolución Liberal los burgueses introdujeron en el país modelos de vida europeizante. Estas diferencias se atenuaron en la sociedad y se vieron expresas en la educación femenina. El modelo de educación de la mujer debía ser funcional para la familia y el del hombre debía ser para la sociedad y la toma de decisiones en la política, la economía, la sociedad, y la misma familia. El liberalismo fue transformador, pero limito a la mujer a la mínima expresión. Configurándose en la antítesis más fiel de una Revolución.
Development of a Web-Based Assignment Information System by Applying Leaderboard and Quest Gamification Elements at SMK Negeri 2 Surakarta
Authors: Hidayat Rizal Taufiq , Maryono Dwi , Budiyanto Cucuk Wawan 
Published: December 2023

<p>This study aims to find out how to build a web-based assignment information system by applying Leaderboard and Quest gamification elements at SMK Negeri 2 Surakarta TKJ Expertise Program and determine the eligibility level developed according to ISO 25010 Standards. Information system development using the Laravel web application framework. Development is carried out using the agile development software development model consisting of 5 stages, namely planning to produce functional and non-functional requirements. The research applies the Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) method in the analysis and design process. Analysis produces use case diagrams, Design produces activity diagrams and class diagrams. Implementation produces program code from development results. The system produces products uploaded to the server, which can later be accessed online and in real time. This information system has three levels of users, namely admin, teachers and students. The suitability test results using the ISO 25010 Standard on the three sub-characteristics of functional suitability, namely functional completeness, have an average value of 1 (Good). Functional correctness has an average value of 1 (Good). Functional appropriateness has an average value of 1 (Good). Characteristics of performance efficiency obtained an average result of GTMatrix Grade 85% (grade B). The average largest contentful paint is 1.423s (OK, but considering improvement). Average total blocking time 97.82ms (Good - nothing to do here). Average cumulative layout shift 0.023 (Longer than recommended). Portability characteristics have excellent results in that the system can run on desktop or mobile devices. Usability characteristics of 85% (Very Decent). The results of the respondent gamification test average score of 4.44 indicate that respondents are categorized as strongly agreeing with the existence of a web-based assignment information system by applying leaderboard and quest gamification elements. From the results of these tests, it can be concluded that the web-based assignment information system, using Leaderboard and Quest gamification elements at SMK Negeri 2 Surakarta TKJ Expertise Program, meets ISO 25010 quality standards. </p>
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SELECTION OF A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Krasnikov I. L. , Babichenko A. K. , Snurnykov D. V. 
Published: December 2023

The relevance of studying the discipline "Databases" for students of computer and engineering specialties is determined and their special needs and emphasis in learning are shown.
The definition of the data model stored in the database is given. The features of the relational data model are considered, the main advantage of which is simplicity and accessibility for the user to understand and the availability of a fairly simple and at the same time powerful mathematical apparatus of set theory and relational algebra. The main educational elements of studying databases based on the relational data model are highlighted.
The client-server architecture of modern DBMSs is described. The advantages of client-server technologies in the process of learning to work with databases are noted.
The results of the study of the functionality of existing software products for working with databases have shown the expediency of choosing MySQL Community Edition as a training tool, which is free and in its functionality is not inferior to commercial systems by any criteria. The disadvantages of the system, which include some limitations when executing complex queries and creating analytical reports that require a high load and a large number of simultaneous queries, are not critical for training purposes. The MySQL server can be accessed both from a console client running any of the modern operating systems and from many GUI clients. The paper describes the software product MySQL Workbench Community Edition, which is offered by Oracle for free use both as part of the MySQL server and as a separate GUI client.
As a result of the study, it was concluded that the free MySQL Community Edition DBMS together with the MySQL Workbench Community Edition GUI client fully develops the competencies of students of both engineering and computer specialties in working with databases and can be used in the study of the educational component "Databases" in the context of distance education.
FEATURES OF FORMING AND USE OF INCOME OF ENTERPRISE
Authors: Falchenko Olena 
Published: December 2023

In the article the brought essence over of income of enterprises which are an important financial category, which represents the good financial result of economic activity of enterprise, characterizes efficiency of production, volume and quality of mine-out products, state of the labour productivity. The income of enterprise, which is a basic financial performance of managing subject indicator and represents efficiency of work of enterprise by realization and acceptance of administrative decisions, is considered. The term of income is analysed from the point of view by scientists by scientists which interpret this concept, and also from legislatively normative base of concept of income, profits and charges of activity of enterprises, as basic components of determination of income. Factors, which influence on an income enterprises, which are divided into external factors, which do not depend on activity and internal factors, which depend on activity of enterprise, and characterize the increase of the productivity of equipment and his quality, use of progressive types of materials and perfection of technology of their treatment, acceleration of circulating of circulating money, in-plant training and the labour of personnel, decline of labour intensiveness and resource-demanding of products, improvement of organization of labour productivity and more effective use of financial resources, are educed. The main goal of profit management is the most effective ways of its formation, distribution and extraction with the aim of ensuring the sustainable growth of the enterprise and maximizing its peak value. The main tasks of the formation of the company's profit and the main tasks of managing the distribution and use of the company's profit are defined, for which there is the provision of optimal distribution and use of the company's net profit.Measures are recommended on the basis of the conducted research for the effective management of enterprise and increase of his size which beautifully will influence on activity of enterprise an income. Drawn conclusion, that an income is the main financial result of any enterprise, aim of his activity, than more income an enterprise gets on the inlaid capital, the it works more effective
Patellar Tendon Rupture During Postoperative Physiotherapy for Crouch Gait
Authors: Shah Maulin M. , Raibagkar Santosh , Bansal Sheenam , Jain Meet , Ponugoti Godhasiri 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
A 14-year-old adolescent girl with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy underwent bilateral distal femur extension osteotomy and patellar tendon plication. Two and a half months after surgery, during physiotherapy, she sustained mid-substance tear of the left patellar tendon. The girl was successfully managed with patellar tendon repair and augmentation with tensor fascia lata autograft.

Conclusion:
Patellar tendon rupture during rehabilitative physiotherapy after patellar tendon plication surgery is rare. Postoperative protocols in patients with cerebral palsy are crucial and should progress gradually to improve knee range of motion. This report highlights that patellar tendon repair with fascia lata augmentation yields good outcome.
Treatment of an Ulnar Fracture Bone Defect Using Heterotopic Bone Autograft
Authors: Kubiak Jeremy , Farng Eugene , Gust Madeleine , Sharpe Frances 
Published: December 2023

Case:
Autologous bone grafting has wide applications for the treatment of bony defects. Generally, cancellous or corticocancellous bone grafts are used depending on the characteristics and size of the bony defect and wound bed. The use of heterotopic bone as a potential source of bone graft has not been widely reported. We present a 56-year-old right-hand–dominant male victim of dog mauling who sustained a right ulnar fracture with a 5-cm bony defect, treated with the use of heterotopic bone autograft.

Conclusion:
Heterotopic bone can be successfully used as an autograft in the treatment of bony defects.