bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untargeted metabolomic profiling of serum from client-owned cats with early and late-stage chronic kidney disease
Authors: Nealon Nora Jean , Summers Stacie , Quimby Jessica , Winston Jenessa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Evaluation of the metabolome could discover novel biomarkers of disease. To date, characterization of the serum metabolome of client-owned cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which shares numerous pathophysiological similarities to human CKD, has not been reported. CKD is a leading cause of feline morbidity and mortality, which can be lessened with early detection and appropriate treatment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for early-CKD biomarkers. The goal of this cross-sectional, prospective study was to characterize the global, non-targeted serum metabolome of cats with early versus late-stage CKD compared to healthy cats. Analysis revealed distinct separation of the serum metabolome between healthy cats, early-stage and late-stage CKD. Differentially abundant lipid and amino acid metabolites were the primary contributors to these differences and included metabolites central to the metabolism of fatty acids, essential amino acids and uremic toxins. Correlation of multiple lipid and amino acid metabolites with clinical metadata important to CKD monitoring and patient treatment (e.g. creatinine, muscle condition score) further illustrates the relevance of exploring these metabolite classes further for their capacity to serve as biomarkers of early CKD detection in both feline and human populations.
Predicted of seven hub genes of drug resistance in glioma
Authors: WEN Zhonghui , LI Qiangfeng , LEI Qingchun , YANG Yongmin , ZHOU Wenhui , DING Lei , CHEN Zhen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Drug resistance is the main cause of glioma recrudescence and death. But its etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. There is an urgent need to develop a new prognostic and therapeutic method to assess patient survival and reduce mortality. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs) between glioblastoma(GBM) and normal. The samples were divided into cluster 1 and cluster 2 subtypes to explore tumor drug resistance according to their IC50 value of drugs for GBM in the GDSC database. The 7 genes were designated as core molecules, which were significantly correlated with immune checkpoints. The dataset CGGA-693 validated that the survival rate of patients in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that in the low-risk group. Moreover, the hub genes were significantly correlated with age, Neoplasm Histologic Grade, IDH status, MGMT status, ATRX status, and BCR status. And the expression level of 7 genes was significantly associated with the grade of glioma, except CAMK2A. RT-PCR revealed that MYBL2, CDC45, CENPA, and E2F7 were upregulated while ATP2B3, KCNJ9, and OPALIN were downregulated in patients. These results demonstrate that the risk model can effectively predict and differentiate the survival and treatment outcomes of glioma patients. MYBL2, CDC45, CENPA, E2F7, ATP2B3, KCNJ9, and OPALIN are expected to be reliable molecular targets and prognostic biomarkers for drug-resistant gliomas.
Complement receptor 4 mediates the clearance of extracellular tau fibrils by microglia
Authors: Yoo Changjae , Bok Eugene , Lin Yuxi , Cheon Mookyung , Lee Young-Ho , Kim Jaekwang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background Abnormal accumulation of misfolded tau aggregates is a key pathological hallmark of various tauopathies including Alzheimer’s disease. Tau pathology shows disease-specific spatiotemporal propagation through intercellular transmission, which is closely correlated with the progression of clinical manifestations. Therefore, identifying the molecular mechanisms preventing tau propagation is critical to develop therapeutic strategy for tauopathies. The various innate immune receptors, such as complement receptor 3 (CR3) and complement receptor 4 (CR4), have been reported to play a critical role in the clearance of various extracellular toxic molecules by microglia. However, their role in tau clearance has not been studied yet. In this study, we investigated the role of CR3 and CR4 in regulating extracellular tau clearance. Results Here, we identified that CR4 selectively binds to tau fibrils but not to tau monomers, whereas CR3 does not bind to any of them. We further demonstrated that inhibiting CR4 significantly reduces the uptake of tau fibrils by microglial BV2 cells, whereas CR3 does not affect the uptake of tau fibrils. We further demonstrated that inhibiting CR4 suppresses the clearance extracellular tau fibrils without altering the extracellular degradation of tau fibrils in the culture media. Moreover, conditioned media from CR4-silenced BV2 culture incubated with tau fibrils retain more seeding capacity than controls. Conclusion Taken together, our data strongly support that CR4 is a novel receptor for the clearance of tau fibril in microglia and may represent a novel therapeutic target for tauopathy.
A systematic study of interactions between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Hainan Island
Authors: Wang Xinjian , Bai Linyan , Zhang Li , Feng Jianzhong , Liao Jingjuan , Chen Bowei , Zhang Xinyi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development issued by the United Nations is an important guide by which for countries to achieve common economic, social and environmental development. Important progress has been made in the evaluation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Hainan Island; nevertheless, there is still a lack of understanding around the trade-offs and synergies between the SDGs. Studying the trade-offs and synergies between Hainan Island’s sustainable development goals is of great significance for the coordinated development of these goals and the promotion of the construction of free trade ports. Therefore, based on the United Nations Sustainable Development Assessment System and the existing SDG indicator system on Hainan Island, this paper identifies and quantifies the trade-offs and synergies within and between SDGs and targets on the county scale. Based on the different impacts of different spatial, dimensional and geographical directions, the results show the following: (1) Hainan Province made good progress on multiple SDGs between 2015 and 2021. (2) The most significant synergies between SDGs exist between SDG1 (No Poverty) and SDG10 (Reduce Inequalities), while the most significant trade-offs exist between SDG2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG4 (Quality Education). (3) Obvious spatial characteristics in trade-offs and synergies exist, with the highest level of synergy being in the Haikou and Sanya Economic Circles and their surrounding areas, and in the central region of Hainan Island which has a higher level of trade-offs. (4) The synergistic effect between the SDG targets and indicators in Hainan is much greater than the trade-off effect: the four aspects of people's livelihood improvement, economic development, resource utilization and environmental quality all show synergistic effects in different regions.
Identification of an HLA-A*11:01-restricted neoepitope of mutant PIK3CA and its specific T-cell receptors for cancer immunotherapy targeting hotspot driver mutations
Authors: Jin Aishun , Shen Meiying , Chen Siyin , Han Xiaojian , Hao Yanan , Li Luo , Chen Tong , Wang Bozhi , Zou Lin , Wang Junfan , Zhang Tong , Zhang Wanli , Han Xiaxia , Wang Wang , Yu Haochen , Li Kang , Liu Shengchun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hotspot driver mutations presented by human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) can be recognized by antitumor T cells. Based on their advantages of tumor-specificity and immunogenicity, neoantigens derived from hotspot mutations, such as PIK3CAH1047L may serve as emerging targets for cancer immunotherapies. NetMHC V4.1 were utilized for predicting neoepitopes of PIK3CA hotspot mutation. Using in vitro stimulation, antigen specific T cells targeting the HLA-A*11:01-restricted PIK3CA mutation were isolated from healthy donor-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). T-cell receptors (TCRs) were cloned using single-cell PCR and sequencing. Their functionality was assessed through T cell activation markers, cytokine production, and cytotoxic response to cancer cell lines pulsed with peptides or transduced genes of mutant PIK3CA. Immunogenic mutant antigens from PIK3CA and their corresponding CD8+ T cells were identified. These PIK3CA mutation specific CD8+ T cells were subsequently enriched, and their TCRs were isolated. The TCR clones exhibited mutation-specific and HLA-restricted reactivity, demonstrating varying degrees of functional avidity. Identified TCR genes were transferred into CD8+ Jurkat cells and primary T cells deficient of endogenous TCRs. TCR-expressing cells demonstrated specific recognition and reactivity against the PIK3CAH1047L peptide presented by HLA-A*11:01-expressing K562 cells. Furthermore, mutation-specific TCR-T cells demonstrated an elevation in cytokine production and profound cytotoxic effects against HLA-A*11:01+ malignant cell lines harboring PIK3CAH1047L. Our data demonstrate the immunogenicity of an HLA-A*11:01-restricted PIK3CA hotspot mutation and its targeting therapeutic potential, together with promising candidates of TCR-T cell therapy.
A Questionnaire to Screen Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Diseases in a Low-medium Income Country: a Cross – Sectional Study
Authors: Tran Hoa-Vi T. , Nguyen Chau T. , Nguyen Hiep T. , Tang Hong K. , Tran Mong-Hiep T. , Bouland Catherine , Michel Olivier , Godin Isabelle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
chronic obstructive respiratory diseases (CORD) can lead to severe morbidity and mortality but is preventable at an early stage. Spirometry is the keystone for early diagnosis but is not widely available in Vietnam. The study aims to develop a questionnaire to screen the patients requiring spirometry.
Methods
this cross – sectional study included consecutive volunteers, visiting the District 10 and District 12 hospitals, HCMC, Vietnam. Based on chronic clinical symptoms, history of tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, asthma and occupation risks, cumulative smoking and exposures to indoor pollution factors, a questionnaire was developed and submitted to each subject. A spirometry was also obtained, CORD being defined by airways' obstruction with FEV1/FVC < LLN. A multivariate model was applied, including all parameters having reached statistical significance in univariate analysis to determine the statistically significant variables as possible CORD predictors.
Results
1877 subjects were recruited from June 2019 to June 2021. The prevalence of CORD was 16% (n = 300). Among the 267 subjects with history of asthma, 153 had measured airways' obstruction (OR = 14; 95%CI 10–18). Among the 1610 subjects with no history of asthma, there were 147 CORD (9%). Among those subjects, based on ROC curve analysis, the best predictors of CORD were the cumulative smoking, history of tuberculosis, current breathless and wheezing or whistling, with relative sensitivity (57%) and higher specificity (82%).
Conclusion
among the non asthmatic population, a questionnaire based on 4 items can identify less than 10% of subjects, requiring spirometry to diagnose airways' obstructive diseases.
Evolutionary characteristic and spatial–temporal transmission of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Indonesia
Authors: Khairunisa Siti , Indriati Dwi , Megasari Ni Luh Ayu , Ueda Shuhei , Kotaki Tomohiro , Fahmi Muhamad , Ito Masahiro , Rachman Brian , Hidayati Afif , Nasronudin _ , Kameoka Masanori 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a serious health threat in Indonesia. In particular, the CRF01_AE viruses were the predominant HIV-1 strains in various cities in Indonesia. However, information on the dynamic transmission characteristics and spatial–temporal transmission of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Indonesia is limited. Therefore, the present study examined the spatial–temporal transmission networks and evolutionary characteristics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Indonesia. To clarify the epidemiological connection between CRF01_AE outbreaks in Indonesia and the rest of the world, we performed phylogenetic studies on nearly full genomes of CRF01_AE viruses isolated in Indonesia. Our results showed that five epidemic clades, namely, IDN clades 1–5, of CRF01_AE were found in Indonesia. To determine the potential source and mode of transmission of CRF01_AE, we performed Bayesian analysis and built maximum clade credibility trees for each clade. Our study revealed that CRF01_AE viruses were commonly introduced into Indonesia from Southeast Asia, particularly Thailand. The CRF01_AE viruses might have spread through major pandemics in Asian countries, such as China, Vietnam, and Laos, rather than being introduced directly from Africa in the early 1980s. This study has major implications for public health practice and policy development in Indonesia. The contributions of this study include understanding the dynamics of HIV-1 transmission that is important for the implementation of HIV disease control and prevention strategies in Indonesia.
What are medical students taught about Persistent Physical Symptoms? A scoping review of the literature
Authors: Catie Nagel , Chloe Queenan , Chris Burton 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Persistent Physical Symptoms (PPS) include symptoms such as chronic pain, and syndromes such as chronic fatigue. They are common, but are often inadequately managed, causing distress and higher costs for health care systems. A lack of teaching about PPS has been recognised as a contributing factor to poor management.
Methods
The authors conducted a scoping review of the literature, including all studies published before 31 March 2023. Systematic methods were used to determine what teaching on PPS is currently taking place for medical undergraduates. Studies were restricted to publications in English and needed to include undergraduate medical students. Teaching about cancer pain was excluded. After descriptive data was extracted, a narrative synthesis was undertaken to analyse qualitative findings.
Results
A total of 1116 studies were found by 3 databases. 28 further studies were found by searching the grey literature and by citation analysis. After screening for relevance, a total of 57 studies were included in the review. There was a widespread lack of teaching and learning on PPS. Where teaching did take place, this was most commonly about chronic pain. PPS are viewed as awkward by educators and learners. Learners think that there is no science behind the symptoms. PPS is overlooked in the undergraduate teaching curriculum. The gap between the taught curriculum and learners’ experiences in practice is being addressed through informal sources and some students are taking on stigmatised attitudes towards sufferers of PPS.
Conclusions
Current suggestions for improvements in teaching are insufficient to address issues such as stigma and the poor understanding that educators and learners have about PPS. They also do not address barriers to implementation such as a lack of ownership of the topic and packed teaching curricula. Further empirical evidence is needed to demonstrate how to best teach and evaluate teaching about PPS.
Synthesis, characterization of C-Zn/Pd-Np as potential nanocomposites against Human Lung cancer cells (A549) and pathogenic microorganisms
Authors: dhorai Niveditha , Venkatachalam Rajendran , Rangaraj Suriya prabha , Arumugam Kosiha , Kalaiarasi Giriraj 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

PalladiumwrappedZnOnanocomposites synthesis through carrageenan were madeas bimetallic nanocomposites (C-Zn/Pd-Np) and their antibacterial, and anticancer efficacy were assessedunderin vitro condition.Further,they were physico-chemically characterized. The metal complex werecharacterized using a variety of physico-chemical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The bimetallic nanocomposites are more crystalline according to XRD analysis. IR spectra indicate faint multiple bands in the far infrared range because ofmetal-metal interactions and the absence of usual bands of acetate and nitrate groups. P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis andEscherichia coliwere used to test te antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites. The outcomes demonstrated significant antibacterial efficacy against all of the investigated pathogens. The antiproliferative effectiveness of the nanocomposites against A549 cancer cell types aresignificantly enhanced with anincreased concentration.It also resulted in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and necrosis found in bimetallic nanocomposites treated cells. In conclusion, (C-Zn/Pd-Np) has notable antibacterial action and is effective against at inhibiting the growth of lung cancer cells. According to this present study, C-Zn/Pd-Np may be useful for the effective clinical management of Human pathogensand lung cancer cells.
Understanding the support needs and preferences of people who self-managed abortion with accompaniment group support in Argentina, Nigeria, and Southeast Asia: a prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Velarde Marissa , Jayaweera Ruvani , Egwuatu Ijeoma , Nmezi Sybil , Zurbriggen Ruth , Grosso Belén , Kristianingrum Ika Ayu , Bercu Chiara , Moseson Heidi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Increasingly, people use medication abortion pills to end their pregnancies on their own, without clinical supervision–a practice known as self-managed abortion (SMA). Additionally, some obtain support through a community-based care model known as the “accompaniment” model, in which volunteer-activists provide evidence-based information about medication abortion and counselling through the SMA process over the phone or in-person. Understanding factors associated with the support and care received during SMA with accompaniment can provide insight into people’s satisfaction with this community-based model of abortion care and identify opportunities to further improve this model of care, which is particularly important in legally restrictive settings. Additionally, a large proportion of people who have abortions are parents, but little research has explored the unique needs and preferences for SMA among parents.
Methods
This was a secondary analysis of a prospective, observational cohort study conducted in three countries among people who self-managed an abortion with accompaniment support. We implemented bivariate analyses to evaluate differences between participants who reported feeling sufficient social support during their abortion and who preferred SMA over clinical models of care, with those who did not. We used logistic regression models to explore whether the number of children a participant had was associated with feeling supported during the accompanied SMA process, and separately with preferred model of abortion care.
Results
While most participants felt fully supported by their social group and preferred SMA over facility-based abortion care, several characteristics were associated with not having felt supported and preferring facility-based abortion care in bivariate analyses: namely, those with less formal education, a history of prior abortion, and those who sought care at a health facility during their SMA. In adjusted logistic regression models, we found no association between number of children and feeling sufficient social support, or preference for SMA.
Conclusions
These results establish that most people who have an accompanied SMA feel fully supported during their abortion process and prefer SMA over facility-based care.
Predictors of mortality in severe pneumonia patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Kai , Guan Shengnan , Kong Xinxin , Ji Wenshuai , Du Shen , Jia Mingyan , Wang Haifeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Severe pneumonia has consistently been associated with high mortality. We sought to identify risk factors for the mortality of severe pneumonia to assist in reducing mortality for medical treatment.
Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched till June 1, 2023. All human research were incorporated into the analysis, regardless of language, publication date, or geographical location. To pool the estimate, a mixed-effect model was used. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was employed for assessing the quality of included studies that were included in the analysis.
Results: In total, 22 studies with a total of 3655 severe pneumonia patients and 1107 cases (30.29%) of death were included in the current meta-analysis. Significant associations were found between age [5.76 years, 95% confidence interval [CI] (3.43, 8.09), P<0.00001], male gender [odds ratio (OR)=1.46, 95% CI (1.06, 2.01), P=0.02] and risk of death from severe pneumonia. The comorbidity of neoplasm [OR=3.37, 95% CI (1.07, 10.57), P=0.04], besides the presence of complications such as diastolic hypotension [OR=2.60, 95% CI (1.45, 4.66), P=0.001], ALI/ARDS [OR=3.65, 95% CI (1.80, 7.40), P=0.0003], septic shock [OR=9.43, 95% CI (4.39, 20.28), P<0.00001], MOF [OR=4.32, 95% CI (2.35, 7.94), P<0.00001], acute kidney injury [OR=2.45, 95% CI (1.14, 5.26), P=0.02], and metabolic acidosis [OR=5.88, 95% CI (1.51, 22.88), P=0.01] were associated with significantly higher risk of death amongst patients with severe pneumonia. Those who died, compared with those who survived, differed on multiple biomarkers on admission including serum creatinine [Scr: +67.77 mmol/L, 95% CI (47.21, 88.34), P<0.00001], blood urea nitrogen [BUN: +6.26 mmol/L, 95% CI (1.49, 11.03), P=0.01], C-reactive protein [CRP: +33.09 mg/L, 95% CI (3.01, 63.18), P=0.03], leukopenia [OR=2.95, 95% CI (1.40, 6.23), P=0.005], Sodium < 136 mEq/L [OR=2.89, 95% CI (1.17, 7.15), P=0.02], albumin [-5.17 g/L, 95% CI (-7.09, -3.25), P<0.00001], PaO2/ FiO2 [-55.05 mmHg, 95% CI (-60.11, -50.00), P<0.00001], arterial blood PH [-0.09, 95% CI (-0.15, -0.04), P=0.0005], gram-negative microorganism [OR=2.57, 95% CI (1.15, 5.73), P=0.02], multilobar or bilateral involvement [OR=3.68, 95% CI (2.71, 5.00), P<0.00001] and bilateral chest X-ray involvement [OR=2.21, 95% CI (1.13, 4.31), P=0.02].
Conclusions: Older age, male gender might face a greater risk of death in severe pneumonia individuals. The mortality of severe pneumonia may also be significantly impacted by complications such diastolic hypotension, ALI/ARDS, septic shock, MOF, acute kidney injury, and metabolic acidosis, as well as the comorbidity of neoplasm, and laboratory indicators involving Scr, BUN, CRP, leukopenia, sodium, albumin, PaO2/FiO2, arterial blood PH, gram-negative microorganism, multilobar or bilateral involvement.