bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of rapid cefpodoxime disk screening for early detection of third-generation cephalosporin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia
Authors: Sakai Mikiyasu , Sakai Takamasa , Nagata Yuki , Komai Hiroko , Miyake Yoshio , Watariguchi Toshitaka , Kawabata Atsushi , Ohtsu Fumiko 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Several methods have been reported for detecting resistance genes or phenotypic testing on the day of positive blood culture in Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia. However, some facilities have not introduced these methods because of costs or other reasons. Toyota Kosei Hospital introduced cefpodoxime (CPDX) rapid screening on May 7, 2018, to enable early detection of third-generation cephalosporin resistance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of intervention with an Antimicrobial Stewardship Team using CPDX rapid screening.

Methods
Cefotaxime (CTX)-resistant E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteremia cases were selected retrospectively and divided into two groups: the pre-CPDX screening (June 1, 2015, to May 6, 2018) and CPDX screening groups (July 7, 2018, to August 31, 2021). The primary outcome was the proportion of cases in which modifications were made to the administration of susceptible antimicrobial agents within 24 h of blood culture-positive reports.

Results
Overall, 63 patients in the pre-CPDX screening group and 84 patients in the CPDX screening group were eligible for analysis. The proportion of patients who modified to susceptible antimicrobial agents within 24 h of blood culture-positive reports was significantly increased in the CPDX screening group compared to that in the pre-CPDX screening group (6.3% vs. 22.6%, p = 0.010).

Conclusion
The results demonstrated that in CTX-resistant E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteremia, CPDX rapid screening increased the proportion of early initiation of appropriate antimicrobial agents.
Saudi undergraduate EFL learners’ attitudes toward using textism in their academic writing
Authors: Ambreen Fatima , Ozdemir Burhan , El-Dakhs Dina Abdel Salam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTextism, which refers to the special language used in text messaging, is widely used in several forms of communication, such as texting, online chatting and emails. This increased use of textism has alarmed the media and the public because this special language can impact the academic writing of the younger generation. This paper aimed at exploring the attitudes of undergraduate Saudi learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) toward using textism in their academic writing. (115) students of different levels of language proficiency completed a survey about the use of textism across several modalities and recipients. Additionally, (240) student essays were analyzed to identify the potential use of textism in student writing. The results showed that students are generally conscious of the appropriate contexts for the use of textism. However, when it comes to the actual use of textism in writing, low-proficient students tend to produce more textism than those who are at medium and high levels of writing competence.
Exercise-induced desaturation during a six-minute walk test is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Choi Jung Hyun , Shin Myung-Jun , Lee Byeong-Ju , Park Jae-Hyeong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is an established exercise test for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), affording insight into both exercise intolerance and overall prognosis. Despite the widespread application of the 6MWT, the prognostic implications of exercise-induced desaturation (EID) during this test has been inadequately studied in PAH patients. Thus, we evaluated the occurrence of EID and its prognostic significance in PAH patients.

Methods
We analyzed PAH patients in a single-center cohort from April 2016 to March 2021. EID was defined as a reduction in oxygen saturation exceeding 4% from the baseline or to below 90% at any point during the test.

Results
We analyzed 20 PAH patients in this cohort, primarily consisting of 16 females with an average age of 48.4 ± 13.3 years. Among them, ten exhibited EID. Baseline characteristics, echocardiographic data and right heart catheterization data were similar between the two groups. However, total distance (354.3 ± 124.4 m vs. 485.4 ± 41.4 m, P = 0.019) and peak oxygen uptake (12.9 ± 3.2 mL/kg⋅min vs. 16.4 ± 3.6 mL/kg⋅min, P = 0.019) were significantly lower in the EID group. During the total follow-up duration of 51.9 ± 25.7 months, 17 patients had at least one adverse clinical event (2 deaths, 1 lung transplantation, and 13 hospital admissions). The presence of EID was associated with poor clinical outcome (hazard ratio = 6.099, 95% confidence interval = 1.783–20.869, P = 0.004).

Conclusions
During the 6MWT, EID was observed in a half of PAH patients and emerged as a significant prognostic marker for adverse clinical events.

Graphical Abstract
Deep learning models for automatic tumor segmentation and total tumor volume assessment in patients with colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Wesdorp Nina J. , Zeeuw J. Michiel , Postma Sam C. J. , Roor Joran , van Waesberghe Jan Hein T. M. , van den Bergh Janneke E. , Nota Irene M. , Moos Shira , Kemna Ruby , Vadakkumpadan Fijoy , Ambrozic Courtney , van Dieren Susan , van Amerongen Martinus J. , Chapelle Thiery , Engelbrecht Marc R. W. , Gerhards Michael F. , Grunhagen Dirk , van Gulik Thomas M. , Hermans John J. , de Jong Koert P. , Klaase Joost M. , Liem Mike S. L. , van Lienden Krijn P. , Molenaar I. Quintus , Patijn Gijs A. , Rijken Arjen M. , Ruers Theo M. , Verhoef Cornelis , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , Marquering Henk A. , Stoker Jaap , Swijnenburg Rutger-Jan , Punt Cornelis J. A. , Huiskens Joost , Kazemier Geert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
We developed models for tumor segmentation to automate the assessment of total tumor volume (TTV) in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).

Methods
In this prospective cohort study, pre- and post-systemic treatment computed tomography (CT) scans of 259 patients with initially unresectable CRLM of the CAIRO5 trial (NCT02162563) were included. In total, 595 CT scans comprising 8,959 CRLM were divided into training (73%), validation (6.5%), and test sets (21%). Deep learning models were trained with ground truth segmentations of the liver and CRLM. TTV was calculated based on the CRLM segmentations. An external validation cohort was included, comprising 72 preoperative CT scans of patients with 112 resectable CRLM. Image segmentation evaluation metrics and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated.

Results
In the test set (122 CT scans), the autosegmentation models showed a global Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.96 (liver) and 0.86 (CRLM). The corresponding median per-case DSC was 0.96 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.95–0.96) and 0.80 (IQR 0.67–0.87). For tumor segmentation, the intersection-over-union, precision, and recall were 0.75, 0.89, and 0.84, respectively. An excellent agreement was observed between the reference and automatically computed TTV for the test set (ICC 0.98) and external validation cohort (ICC 0.98). In the external validation, the global DSC was 0.82 and the median per-case DSC was 0.60 (IQR 0.29–0.76) for tumor segmentation.

Conclusions
Deep learning autosegmentation models were able to segment the liver and CRLM automatically and accurately in patients with initially unresectable CRLM, enabling automatic TTV assessment in such patients.

Relevance statement
Automatic segmentation enables the assessment of total tumor volume in patients with colorectal liver metastases, with a high potential of decreasing radiologist’s workload and increasing accuracy and consistency.

Key points
• Tumor response evaluation is time-consuming, manually performed, and ignores total tumor volume.
• Automatic models can accurately segment tumors in patients with colorectal liver metastases.
• Total tumor volume can be accurately calculated based on automatic segmentations.

Graphical Abstract
Enhancing chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) resistance and yield against powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) with beneficial bacteria
Authors: Hussein Mohamed A. M. , Abdel-Aal Ahmed M. K. , Rawa Muhyaddin J. , Mousa Magdi A. A. , Moustafa Yasser M. M. , Abo-Elyousr Kamal A. M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Leveillula taurica is an obligate pathogen that causes powdery mildew on chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) which is considered one of the most serious diseases for the crop.

Results
Leveillula taurica was isolated from infected pepper plants in Assiut Governorate, Egypt. Pathogenicity test was performed, and it was found that the pathogen can cause the symptoms of powdery mildew on the pepper plant. Under greenhouse conditions, treatment with Bacillus thuringiensis MW740161.1, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Bacillus subtilis cultures resulted in a significant reduction in conidial germination of the pathogen (69.07, 29.55, and 19.58%, respectively). Spraying chili pepper plants with the microorganisms effectively reduced the powdery mildew's disease severity. Also, treatment with the bacterial strains resulted in a significant (P 0.05%) increase in the yield of chili pepper. Based on the findings, it appears that the use of B. thuringiensis, as foliar spraying, significantly induced resistance of chili pepper plants against L. taurica and stimulated many biochemical functions in the plant. Also, it increased the crop yield compared to all other treatments.

Conclusions
This study recommends B. thuringiensis as a viable alternative to harmful pesticides, and it is feasible to formulate an appropriate fungicide for the sustainable green production of chili peppers. The B. thuringiensis can increase the resistance of chili pepper plant to L. taurica the causal pathogen of powdery mildew.
A review on decompressive craniectomy for traumatic brain injury: the mainstay method for neurotrauma patients
Authors: Janjua Tariq , Narvaez Alexis R. , Florez-Perdomo William A. , Guevara-Moriones Natalia , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRaised intracranial pressure is common leading cause of mortality in patients suffering from a traumatic craniocerebral injury. Currently, head injury constitutes a major public health problem across the world. Decompressive craniectomy is currently emerging as a preferred treatment strategy for patients suffering from refractory intracranial hypertension, which is unresponsive to appropriate neurocritical care management. The meticulous execution of decompressive craniectomy requires an understanding of anatomy, the pathogenesis of raised intracranial pressure, meticulous surgical technique, proper planning in association with the competent anesthetic team and paramedical staff to provide improved neurological outcome, and a significant reduction in mortality and morbidity. We provide a review of the status and appropriate review of this surgical procedure.
Enhancing waterlogging tolerance in cotton through agronomic practices
Authors: Zhang Yanjun , Dong Hezhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent publications have highlighted significant progress in utilizing agronomic interventions to alleviate waterlogging stress in cotton production. Based on these advancements, we provide a concise comment on the effects and underlying mechanisms of various strategies such as utilizing stress-tolerant cotton varieties, applying nitric oxide (NO), and implementing ridge intertillage. Finally, we recommend a combination of measures to enhance cotton's ability to withstand waterlogging and reduce yield losses.
Comprehensive integrated analysis of MR and DCE-MR radiomics models for prognostic prediction in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Li Hailin , Huang Weiyuan , Wang Siwen , Balasubramanian Priya S. , Wu Gang , Fang Mengjie , Xie Xuebin , Zhang Jie , Dong Di , Tian Jie , Chen Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough prognostic prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains a pivotal research area, the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE-MR) has been less explored. This study aimed to investigate the role of DCR-MR in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with NPC using magnetic resonance (MR)- and DCE-MR-based radiomic models. A total of 434 patients with two MR scanning sequences were included. The MR- and DCE-MR-based radiomics models were developed based on 289 patients with only MR scanning sequences and 145 patients with four additional pharmacokinetic parameters (volume fraction of extravascular extracellular space (ve), volume fraction of plasma space (vp), volume transfer constant (Ktrans), and reverse reflux rate constant (kep) of DCE-MR. A combined model integrating MR and DCE-MR was constructed. Utilizing methods such as correlation analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, we built the radiomics models. Finally, we calculated the net reclassification index and C-index to evaluate and compare the prognostic performance of the radiomics models. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis was performed to investigate the model’s ability to stratify risk in patients with NPC. The integration of MR and DCE-MR radiomic features significantly enhanced prognostic prediction performance compared to MR- and DCE-MR-based models, evidenced by a test set C-index of 0.808 vs 0.729 and 0.731, respectively. The combined radiomics model improved net reclassification by 22.9%–52.6% and could significantly stratify the risk levels of patients with NPC (p = 0.036). Furthermore, the MR-based radiomic feature maps achieved similar results to the DCE-MR pharmacokinetic parameters in terms of reflecting the underlying angiogenesis information in NPC. Compared to conventional MR-based radiomics models, the combined radiomics model integrating MR and DCE-MR showed promising results in delivering more accurate prognostic predictions and provided more clinical benefits in quantifying and monitoring phenotypic changes associated with NPC prognosis.
Hypersonic aerodynamic force balance using temperature compensated semiconductor strain gauges
Authors: Qiu Huacheng , Yang Yanguang , Sun Peng , Chao Genming , Wu Yousheng , Chen Yingdong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetal foil strain gauges remain the state-of-the-art transducers for wind tunnel balances. While strain gauge technology is very mature, piezoresistive semiconductor sensors offer alternatives that are worth exploring to assess their unique benefits, such as better strain resolution and accuracy, which would enable balances to be designed with higher factors to safety and hence longer fatigue lifetimes. A new three-component balance, based on temperature compensated semiconductor strain gauges, is designed, calibrated and tested in a hypersonic low density wind tunnel. The static accuracy of the semiconductor balance is calibrated better than 0.3% FS, and the dynamic accuracy of the balance is established using a HB-2 standard model in a Mach 12 hypersonic flow. Good experimental repeatability is confirmed to be better than 2.5% FS, and the effectiveness of the balance is demonstrated by comparing the forces and moments of measured data with computational fluid dynamics simulations, as well as reference wind tunnel results under similar conditions.
Experimental design for a novel co-flow jet airfoil
Authors: Jiang Hao , Yao Weigang , Xu Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Co-flow Jet (CFJ) technology holds significant promise for enhancing aerodynamic efficiency and furthering decarbonization in the evolving landscape of air transportation. The aim of this study is to empirically validate an optimized CFJ airfoil through low-speed wind tunnel experiments. The CFJ airfoil is structured in a tri-sectional design, consisting of one experimental segment and two stationary segments. A support rod penetrates the airfoil, fulfilling dual roles: it not only maintains the structural integrity of the overall model but also enables the direct measurement of aerodynamic forces on the test section of the CFJ airfoil within a two-dimensional wind tunnel. In parallel, the stationary segments are designed to effectively minimize the interference from the lateral tunnel walls. The experimental results are compared with numerical simulations, specifically focusing on aerodynamic parameters and flow field distribution. The findings reveal that the experimental framework employed is highly effective in characterizing the aerodynamic behavior of the CFJ airfoil, showing strong agreement with the simulation data.
IL-4/IL-4 Ab complex enhances the accumulation of both antigen-specific and bystander CD8 T cells in mouse lungs infected with influenza A virus
Authors: Park Hi Jung , Choi Eun Ah , Choi Sung Min , Choi Young-Ki , Lee Jae Il , Jung Kyeong Cheon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Unlike conventional T cells, innate and virtual-memory CD8 T cells in naïve mice acquire their memory phenotypes and functions in the absence of antigenic encounters in a cytokine-dependent manner. The relevant cytokines include interleukin-4 (IL-4), type I interferon, and interleukin-15 (IL-15). Moreover, exogenous IL-4 can also induce de novo generation and/or expansion of the virtual-memory CD8 T cell population. In this study, we investigated whether exogenous IL-4 could enhance the immune response to a viral infection.

Results
In vivo administration of IL-4 and an anti-IL-4 antibody complex (IL-4C) increased CXCR3 expression in both memory and naïve phenotype CD8 T cells in the absence of antigenic stimulation, and protected mice from lethal influenza infection. Flow cytometric analysis of lung-infiltrating immune cells on day 5 after virus infection revealed higher numbers of antigen-specific and bystander CD8 T cells in IL-4C-treated mice than in control mice. In particular, the bystander CD8 T cells were a naïve or evident memory phenotypes. Crucially, an anti-CXCR3 blocking antibody abrogated this IL-4C effect, reflecting that the increased accumulation of CD8 T cells in the lungs after IL-4C treatment is dependent on CXCR3.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that exogenous IL-4C plays a protective role by enhancing CXCR3-dependent migration of CD8 T cells into influenza-infected lungs.
Acetabular cup positioning in primary routine total hip arthroplasty—a review of current concepts and technologies
Authors: Sai Sathikumar Aravind , Jacob George , Thomas Appu Benny , Varghese Jacob , Menon Venugopal 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has revolutionized the treatment of hip joint arthritis. With the increased popularity and success of the procedure, research has focused on improving implant survival and reducing surgical complications. Optimal component orientation has been a constant focus with various philosophies proposed. Regardless of the philosophy, achieving an accurate acetabular position for each clinical scenario is crucial. In this paper, we review the recent developments in improving the accuracy and ideal positioning of the acetabular cup in routine primary THA.

Methodology
A review of the recent scientific literature for acetabular cup placement in primary THA was performed, with available evidence for safe zones, spinopelvic relationship, preoperative planning, patient-specific instrumentation, navigation THA and robotic THA.

Conclusion
Though the applicability of Lewinnek safe zones has been questioned with an improved understanding of spinopelvic relationships, its role remains in positioning the acetabular cup in a patient with normal spinopelvic alignment and mobility. Evaluation of spinopelvic relationships and accordingly adjusting acetabular anteversion and inclination can significantly reduce the incidence of dislocation in patients with a rigid spine. In using preoperative radiography, the acetabular inclination, anteversion and intraoperative pelvic position should be evaluated. With improving technology and the advent of artificial intelligence, superior and more accurate preoperative planning is possible. Patient-specific instrumentation, navigated and robotic THA have been reported to improve accuracy in acetabular cup positioning as decided preoperatively but any significant clinical advantage over conventional THA is yet to be elucidated.
Patient-reported outcomes measurement information system instruments in knee arthroplasty patients: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Czerwonka Natalia , Gupta Puneet , Desai Sohil S. , Hickernell Thomas R. , Neuwirth Alexander L. , Trofa David P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic review of the literature pertaining to Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) validation and utilization as an outcomes metric in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients. This is the first systematic review on PROMIS use in total knee arthroplasty patients.

Methods
A systematic search of the Pubmed/MEDLINE and Embase databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Study characteristics, patient demographics, psychometric properties (Pearson and Spearman correlation) with legacy patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) instruments, floor and ceiling effects, responsiveness, and minimum clinically important difference (MCID) and PROMIS outcomes were recorded and analyzed.

Results
Fifteen studies investigating PROMIS in 11,140 patients were included. The weighted-average Pearson correlation coefficient comparing PROMIS domains with legacy patient-reported outcome measurements in total knee arthroplasty patients was 0.62 [standard error (SE) = 0.06] and the weighted-average Spearman correlation comparing PROMIS domains with legacy patient-reported outcome measurements in total knee arthroplasty patients was 0.59 (SE = 0.06), demonstrating moderate-to-strong correlation and validity. There were no differences in weighted average floor [0.03% (SE = 3.1) versus 0% (SE = 0.1) versus 0.01% (SE = 1.1); p = 0.25] or ceiling effects [0.01% (SE = 0.7) versus 0.02% (SE = 1.4) versus 0.04% (SE = 3.5); p = 0.36] between PROMIS and legacy instruments. The weighted average for percentage of patients achieving MCID was 59.1% for global physical health (GPH), 26.0% for global mental health (GMH), 52.7% for physical function (PF), 67.2% for pain interference (PI), and 37.2% for depression.

Conclusion
Notably, PROMIS global physical health, physical function, and pain interference were found to be significantly responsive, with PROMIS pain interference most effectively capturing clinical improvement as evidenced by the achievement of MCID.