bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
So-of-Itself: Wu-wei in the Laozi
Authors: Slingerland Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Laozi is the pre-Qin thinker who is most often associated with the ideal of wu-wei, and as a term of art wu-wei certainly plays a greater role in the Laozi than in any other of the texts we will be considering. In this text, wu-wei becomes something of a polemical barb aimed at the Confucians: “not-doing” is held up as an ideal in order to pointedly contrast with the incessant and harmful “doing” or “regarding” of those acting with the false assurance conveyed by conventional knowledge. It is thus in the Laozi that the ideal of wu-wei comes closest to being adequately rendered literally as “non-doing” rather than metaphorically as “effortless action.” Even for Laozi, however, this wu-wei is still not to be understood as a state of genuine passivity, but rather represents an ideal state of harmony with the cosmos that brings with it personal efficacy and ultimately universal salvation. In addition, as we shall see, even in the Laozi wu-wei is ultimately understood figuratively and has its own metaphorical structure.
The Sun, the Genome, & the Internet
Authors: Dyson Freeman J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this visionary look into the future, Freeman Dyson argues that technological changes fundamentally alter our ethical and social arrangements and that three rapidly advancing new technologies -- solar energy, genetic engineering, and worldwide communication -- together have the potential to create a more equal distribution of the world’s wealth. Dyson begins by rejecting the idea that scientific revolutions are primarily concept driven. He shows rather that new tools are more often the sparks that ignite scientific discovery. Such tool-driven revolutions have profound social consequences: the invention of the telescope turning the medieval view of the world upside down, the widespread use of household appliances in the 1950s replacing servants, to cite just two examples. In looking ahead, Dyson suggests that solar energy, genetics, and the Internet will have similarly transformative effects, with the potential to produce a more just and equitable society. Solar power could bring electricity to even the poorest, most remote areas of third-world nations, allowing everyone access to the vast stores of information on the Internet and effectively ending the cultural isolation of the poorest countries. Similarly, breakthroughs in genetics may well enable us to give our children healthier lives and grow more efficient crops, thus restoring the economic and human vitality of village cultures devalued and dislocated by the global market. Written with passionate conviction about the ethical uses of science, The Sun, The Genome, and The Internet is both a brilliant reinterpretation of the scientific process and a challenge to use new technologies to close, rather than widen, the gap between rich and poor.
The Legal Conception Of Sexual Harassment
Authors: Crouch Margaret A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In chapters 1 and 2, I have discussed sexual harassment only in the con text of employment. However, from the beginning, other contexts and relationships were considered similar enough to the employment context to create the conditions for sexual harassment. Perhaps most prominent among these is the academic context, and the relationship between instructors and students. Because the academic environment may involve factors typically absent from workplace environments, I will discuss the development of the concept of sexual harassment in the law in the workplace and in the academy separately.
Epistemic Akrasia and Epistemic Virtue
Authors: Hookway Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ordinary practical akrasia, incontinence, or weakness of the will occurs when someone consciously or deliberately makes a choice that she sincerely believes is wrong. She decides to continue smoking in spite of sincerely acknowledging that it would be best, all things considered, to give up; or she reaches for a cigarette while fully aware of her resolve to smoke no more. Such phenomena are a distressingly common feature of most lives, yet philosophical theories of practical rationality, action, and evaluation can have considerable trouble escaping from the conclusion that they are simply impossible. This makes study of practical akrasia an especially useful technique for uncovering important and heretofore unaccounted-for complexities in the structure of practical reasoning.
The Mystery at the Heart of it all: An Overview of Corning Technology
Authors: Graham Margaret B W , Shuldiner Alec T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This advertising slogan, which appeared in the Saturday Evening Post, 3 November 1917, as part of Corning’s first national advertising campaign, conveys something important about the company and its technology that has endured to this day. Though intangible, the mysteries of glass composition and the way the material behaves in melting, cooling, and forming were in a sense some of the company’s most vital assets.
The Ancient Forgery of a Discovery: The Acts of Pau and Thecla
Authors: Ehrman Bart D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Most texts revered as sacred by ancient Christians have been lost. Some of these have been discovered in modern times, but the majority are still relegated to oblivion, known only by name and, when we are fortunate, by a general sense of what they must have been like. Several, however, have been long available, even if almost entirely forgotten.
The Discovery of an Ancient Forgery: The Coptic Gospel of Thomas
Authors: Ehrman Bart D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As with political and broad cultural conflicts, the winners in battles for religious supremacy rarely publicize their opponent’s true views. What if they were found to be persuasive? It is far better to put a spin on things oneself, to show how absurd the opposition’s ideas are, how problematic, how dangerous. All is fair in love and war, and religious domination is nothing if not love and war. And so, in early Christianity, as we have seen, most of the writings of the losing sides in the battles for dominance were destroyed, forgotten, or simply not reproduced for posterity—in one way or another lost. So much lost, so many texts. Some scholars would give anything to recoup them. But comparatively little has been found.
The Arsenal of the Conflicts Polemical Treatises and Personal Slurs
Authors: Ehrman Bart D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Doctrinal disputes in early Christianity were not fought with pickaxes and swords. They were fought with words. The spoken word was critical, we can assume, as daily conversations, catechetical teaching, weekly instruction, sermons, private arguments, and public debates must have swayed opinion one way or the other. Unfortunately, we have no access to what anyone actually said in the heat of battle, unless somebody took the trouble to record it.1 But the written word itself was also important, as theological opponents metaphorically crossed swords, attacking one another’s views, casting aspersions on one another’s character, appealing to earlier written authorities in support of their perspectives, forging documents in the names of these authorities when necessary or useful, collecting sacred books into canons and assigning them divine status.
Translator’s Foreword
Authors: Mchugh Heather , Konstan David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It would be hard to miss one fundamental metaphor in any story involving disreputable giants: The one giving rise to the question what, in any sense that matters, makes a mortal being big. For it is the Cyclops’ own sense of engorged self that Odysseus must topple in the course of the action. And this giant’s dimensions are constantly materialized in the play by reference to the size of the meals or drinking vessels he requires or how many men would be needed to drive the sharpened tree into his eye. Like any great poet’s details, these narrative particulars are not without significance in the moral field of the story.
Cyclops
Authors: Mchugh Heather , Konstan David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
when you were battling to protect Olympus from the geosphere’s gigantic sons, and I was there beside you, shield in one hand, spear in the other, goring that enormous Enceladus dead, right through his armor! (Wait a minute, am I spinning fables as I speak? By Jove, I’m not! I swear I shared the war-spoils with you later.)
“Inanna and the Huluppu Tree”: An Ancient Mesopotamian Narrative of Goddess Demotion
Authors: Stuckey Johanna H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Alluring and assertive, Inanna was one of the “great gods” of the male-dominated Sumerian pantheon and the most prominent of all the goddesses (Kramer 1967:153). Her symbols occur on some of the earliest Mesopotamian seals (Adams 1966:12), and she is among the first female deities about whom written material is extant (Hallo & Van Dijk 1968).1 In the second half of the fourth millennium B.C.E., most Sumerian cities had deities, usually goddesses, as “their titulary divine owners,” Inanna being originally the deity who “owned” the developing city—state of Uruk. As such, her primary realm was earthly fecundity, especially that of human beings and other animals (Steinkeller 1999: n3 forthcoming). Because of her power over fertility and her central role in the fertility ritual known as the “sacred—marriage” rite, Inanna retained her importance in the pantheon even as Sumerian culture became increasingly male-dominated (Wakeman 1985:8). However, some of the poems about Inanna suggest that she once ruled over not only the earth’s fertility but also the heavens and the underworld.
“Merely a Love Poem”?: Common Sense, Suspicion, and the Song of Songs
Authors: Dove Mary 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In medieval Christendom, library catalogues typically begin with what their male compilers perceived to be the most significant, valuable and veracious of all books, the Bible. After copies of the Bible, or parts thereof, they list commentaries of the church fathers on biblical books, authoritative guides to apt interpretation. Little wonder that Western feminists have regarded the Bible with special suspicion, or that the biblical book that seems to twentieth-century readers the least overtly “religious” book of the canon, and therefore the least suspect, the Song of Songs, was chosen as the subject of the first volume in the series The Feminist Companion to the Bible. As the editor of the series, Athalya Brenner, says, this book “can be read from the outset as less biased ideologically ... than other texts of the Hebrew [and Christian] Bible,” since the subject matter of Shir ha Shirim, Song of Songs, is apparently “neither theological nor even religious” but rather “heterosexual love and its erotic manifestations” (Brenner 1993:28). Nor, apparently, does the heterosexual love voiced in these lyric poems composed some twenty-three centuries ago exclude the female perspective or privilege the male. According to Phyllis Trible, “there is no male dominance, no female subordination, and no stereotyping of either sex” (1978:145).“Ecce tu pulchra es, arnica mea, ecce tu pulchra, oculi tui columbarum” (Behold, you are beautiful, my beloved, behold you are beautiful, your eyes are the eyes of doves, says the male lover) (Song of Songs H14).2 The female lover—neither speaker is named or identified in the text— replies, reciprocating, “ecce tu pulcher es, dilecte mi, et decorus, lectulus noster floridus” (Behold, you are beautiful, my beloved, and lovely, our little bed is flowery) (1:15).
Empty Words
Authors: Garfield Jay L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This volume collects Jay Garfield's essays on Madhyamaka, Yog-ac-ara, Buddhist ethics and cross-cultural hermeneutics. The first part addresses Madhyamaka, supplementing Garfield's translation of Fundamental Wisdom of the Middle Way (OUP, 1995), a foundational philosophical text by the Buddhist saint Nagarjuna. Garfield then considers the work of philosophical rivals, and sheds important light on the relation of Nagarjuna's views to other Buddhist and non-Buddhist philosophical positions.
Nagarjuna and the Limits of Thought
Authors: Garfield Jay L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nagarjuna is surely one of the most difficult philosophers to interpret in any tradition. His texts are terse and cryptic. He does not shy away from paradox or apparent contradiction. He is coy about identifying his opponents. The commentarial traditions grounded in his texts present a plethora of interpretations of his view. Nonetheless, his influence in the Mahayana Buddhist world is not only unparalleled in that tradition but exceeds in that tradition the influence of any single Western philosopher.
Western Idealism through Indian Eyes A Cittamatra Reading of Berkeley, Kant, and Schopenhauer
Authors: Garfield Jay L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is an essay in metaphilosophy, in which I use one philosophical tradition as a lens through which to examine another. So it is already at one level an abstraction from the already-rarefied plane of metaphysics. But the principal agenda is yet one level more abstract: what I really aim to accomplish in this discussion is a reconception of the range of possibilities and the methodology of comparative philosophy and cross-cultural hermeneutics-a kind of meta-meta-metaphysics, if you will. So I begin with a discussion of the nature of and problems associated with cross-cultural hermeneutics and comparative philosophy in particular, and then I will explore a number of more fundamental levels.
Human Rights and Compassion Toward a Unified Moral Framework
Authors: Garfield Jay L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
His holiness the dalai lama has been a tireless advocate for human rights in a global context. Some leaders and moral theorists of non Western cultures-and some contemporary Western moral and political theorists-have argued that the assertion of fundamental human rights is merely an accidental feature of the moral outlook of modern Western moral and political theory.
The “Satya” in Satyagraha Samdhong Rinpoche’s Approach to Nonviolence
Authors: Garfield Jay L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The most ven. prof, samdhong rinpoche has been for the past decade the world’s foremost theoretical exponent and practical advocate of a specifically Gandhian approach to nonviolence, both as a doctrine of political action and as a personal religious practice. From one perspective this is unsurprising: Ahimsa is central to Buddhism; the Tibetan exile has its center in India; His Holiness the Dalai Lama pays homage to the Mahatma’s legacy.
The Biggest Bangs
Authors: Katz Jonathan I 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For over a quarter of a century, gamma-ray bursts were the outstanding mystery in astronomy. No one knew where they were or how they worked. The Biggest Bangs tells how the mystery was unraveled, from the discovery of gamma-ray bursts by a Cold War satellite system monitoring the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty to the localization of bursts in distant galaxies and the observation of surprisingly bright flashes of light from the bursts themselves. The Biggest Bangs is for laymen with an interest in science, physicists and astronomers interested in subjects in those fields not their specialty, students in non-technical astonomy courses, and as supplemental reading for courses in the history of science.
False Lines
Authors: Katz Jonathan I 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The power of optical astronomy is in spectroscopy. By breaking light up into its component colors in a spectroscope, astronomers deter mine the motions, composition, temperature, pressure, magnetic field, rotation, and pulsation of the stars they study. Gamma-ray and X-ray astronomers (the gamma-ray and X-ray bands overlap, so gamma-ray and X-ray astronomers often face similar instrumental problems) would like to do the same, but they find spectroscopy much harder than it is for visible light.
False Light
Authors: Katz Jonathan I 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Astronomers like to observe in visible light. Most of the major astronomical discoveries of the last half century have been made in other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum: quasars, neutron stars, and the cosmic background radiation in radio waves, black holes in X rays, and gamma-ray bursts (of course) in gamma rays, but astronomers’ immediate response has been to try to observe them in visible light. This is not just nostalgia for old-fashioned methods. Observations in visible light are powerful tools because they contain much more de tailed information than those at other wavelengths.
The Holy Grail
Authors: Katz Jonathan I 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A few miles from Los Alamos, New Mexico, stands one of the most remarkable astronomical observatories in existence, the Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment (ROTSE). It is completely auto mated, steered by electronic signals received over the Internet. Housed in a military surplus hut (purchased from a scrap dealer) the size of a large closet, it consists of a cluster of four commercial telephoto camera lenses (200-mm focal length, f/1.8), each about 4 inches in diameter. Made by Canon, they can fit on an ordinary Canon 35-mm camera. At $4199 apiece (in 1995), they were too expensive for most amateurs, but just right for the professional sports, nature, or news photographer.
Beyond Individualism and Collectivism
Authors: Ogilvy James A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In February 1997, just days before the death of Deng Xiao Ping, Global Business Network sponsored a conference in Hong Kong on the rather large subject of the future of China. In keeping with our belief that reading about a subject is not enough, we wanted to give our members a closer look by taking them on a learning journey from Hong Kong to mainland China. So we boarded two buses and traveled across the border, an experience that felt for all the world like tense moments at the Berlin Wall back in the sixties.
Facts, Values, and Scenario Planning
Authors: Ogilvy James A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The seven features of the relational worldview have import for our understanding of norms. Let’s turn now to a more sustained reflection on the ethics of the relational worldview, a new look at norms, and a fresh look at values. Rather than trying to identify a new approach to norms, in each of the disciplines, I’ll wind the seven features of the relational worldview into a thicker thread called ethical pluralism.
Scenario Planning: A Tool For Social Creativity
Authors: Ogilvy James A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With a few interesting and important exceptions, like Alvin Toffler, Charles Handy, Peter Drucker, and John Naisbitt—all of whom spurn large office staffs or consultancies, but give credit loud and often to their wives with whom they actively collaborate, navigating the future turns out to be a team sport. This is not an accident. To the extent that navigating the future occupies an uneasy place between rigorous research and science fiction, it requires contributions from many minds, not just one or two.
Better Health Care
Authors: Ogilvy James A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter returns to the role of government in a post-political, economic era. The key to a better politics will be rethinking representation. The relational worldview gives us the tools we’ll need to reframe representation. Health care will provide the testing ground for a reframed politics, because the marketplace alone will not give us the health care we need.
The key is the concept of representation. A worldview isn’t just a picture of what is represented. It’s also a way of representing.
B
Authors: Castro Rafaela G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A popularly narrated legend found throughout the Southwest, south Texas, and even parts of northern Mexico that tells of the appearance of the devil at community dances, dance halls, and discotheques. Called the “devil at the dance” legend or “devil haunts the dance hall” in folklore literature, it is considered to be an urban belief tale that has been adapted to contemporary situations. The devil makes his appearance elegantly dressed, usually in a suit; he is strikingly handsome, muysuave (smooth and poised), tall, and refined. Consequently, he stands out from among the rest of the men. Besides his stunning appearance, he is always an amazing dancer, knows the latest dance steps, and selects the prettiest girl to dance.
P
Authors: Castro Rafaela G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A design in the form of a small cross that is tattooed on the left hand, between the thumb and forefinger, with lines, or dashes, radiating out from it. George Carpenter Barker states that it must be seven rays, or lines, that radiate from the cross. It is a well-known symbol among Chicanos and has been traced to the era of the pachucos (1940s urban youth), hence its name. It is also known as the cruz del barrio (cross from the neighborhood) and has been found throughout major cities of the Southwest. Tattoos of Christian images have always been popular among Chicanos, and the custom of tattooing images of Jesus Christ, crucifixes, La Virgen de Guadalupe, and other Madonnas has a long history. In the Middle Ages the Crusaders cut a cross into Christian converts on the hand a little above the wrist. Some social scientists believe that the pachuco cross was meant to symbolize violence and membership in a gang. But it is known that it was used as an initiation ritual among friends and peers, to show solidarity and allegiance to a particular barrio. In describing the tattooed cross Haldeen Braddy is of the opinion that each ray jetting out from the cross represented a six-month stay in jail. In his view, pachucos liked to stay in the jaula (cage, jail) so that they could “accumulate these ‘rays’ as souvenirs of their imprisonment” (1971, 142). There is no evidence to support this speculation.
S
Authors: Castro Rafaela G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This major fiesta held in Santa Fe every year during the first weekend of October was first started in 1625. It is believed that the first fiesta was held in honor of the Virgin Mary, called Our Lady of the Rosary. The more formal and structured celebrations actually began after the second conquest of New Mexico, when Don Diego de Vargas led an expedition in 1692-1693 and reconquered the territory. On this trip de Vargas brought with him a statue of La Conquistadora, as the Virgin Mary was called, and built a throne for her, from which she could reign over the kingdom of New Mexico. The celebrations were to venerate Nuestra Senora de la Conquesta, in conjunction with the Cofradfa del Rosario, the Confraternity of the Rosary, which is celebrated on the first Sunday of October as decreed by Pope Pius V in 1571. The fiesta always includes a procession that carries the statue of La Conquistadora, and a reenactment of the triumphant reconquest by Vargas.
Reflections On the Intersection of Research and Politics in Academia
Authors: Delgado Héctor L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Immigrants from Mexico and Central America have been blamed for further crowding already crowded cities, creating daily gridlock on Los Angeles freeways, and depleting the country’s genetic pool. More serious are the accusations that they depress wages and take jobs from native workers. The stereotypic image of the lazy Mexican persists despite their hard work and low employment rates. It is an image projected onto their children in a society that rewards virtually everything they are not. The hardships and injustices Central American and Mexican immigrants endure in their own countries, which are further compounded in this country, and their persistence in the face of extraordinary obstacles attract me intellectually but also-and not accidentally-personally and politically.