bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Band offsets and point-defect charges of the aluminum and hafnium oxides in contact with the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 chalcopyrite
Authors: Marinopoulos A G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Surface passivation of CuInSe2 (CIS) and related Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) chalcopyrite materials by depositing selected dielectric layers has been a major research activity aiming to reduce interface recombination and increase the electrical efficiency of chalcopyrite-based thin-film solar cells. The present study reports calculations based on density-functional theory and ab-initio thermodynamics that examine the origin of field-effect passivation from alumina and hafnia two wide-gap, predominantly ionic insulators that have exhibited promising passivation qualities in silicon-based microelectronics. The source of fixed charges within the bulk lattices of both oxides was studied by determining the thermodynamically most favorable charge states of their native defects within the admissible ranges of the metal and oxygen chemical potentials. An alignment of the electron bands based on the branch-point energies was performed in order to correctly place the defect charge-transition levels with respect to the band edges of the CIS and the CIGS materials. The trends and predictions of the sign of the fixed charges in either insulator were obtained as a function of temperature, oxygen partial pressure and Fermi-level position inside the band gaps of CIS and CIGS. The findings are discussed in connection with existing experimental studies that extracted the magnitude and polarity of the fixed charges of both alumina and hafnia by analyzing the electrical properties of the CIGS/insulator interfaces.
Numerical calculation of the turbulent flow past a surface mounted cube with assimilation of PIV data
Authors: Kellaris Konstantinos , Pallas Nikolaos Petros , Bouris Demetri 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The application of Data Assimilation (DA) methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) problems is a concept actively being explored to couple CFD with Experimental Fluid Dynamics data. Here, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) data are assimilated in an OpenFOAM based CFD solver to calculate the velocity and pressure fields of the turbulent flow past a surface mounted cube inside an atmospheric boundary layer for three planes belonging to the symmetry plane of the flow. At first, the SIMPLE algorithm is used to correct both pressure and velocity fields, with the PIV data used to formulate the initial and boundary conditions. The Reynolds stresses are calculated directly from the PIV data instead of using a turbulence model. Next, we use two implementations of the nudging method and two formulations of the Kalman Filter in order to assimilate the PIV data into the iterative SIMPLE procedure. A grid independence study is performed, and the performance of the different methods is assessed. The CFD predicted pressure field is in good agreement with pressure measurements on the cube surface. The results also show that the SIMPLE based correction step already leads to a significant reduction of both the mean and the variance of the continuity errors as well as the difference between the original PIV data and the resulting velocity fields. The application of the DA methods, particularly the KF, leads to minor further improvement of the results but does improve convergence of the CFD solver.
Design of crude oil water content measuring chip based on RF method
Authors: Sun Fangxia , Tang Shoulong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Based on the measurement principle of RF method, a crude oil moisture content detect chip is designed with 180 nm CMOS technology. All crude oil water content detect circuits are integrated on a chip for the first time. The chip can realize capacitance measurement in the range of 50–3000 pF, the maximum output current reaches 22 mA, and the maximum current span is less than 0.062 mA. The test results of the crude oil water content measurement system built based on the chip show that the water content test results have high linearity, with the maximum output current span of 1.09 mA. With the help of modern numerical calculation methods, the actual water content in crude oil can be accurately obtained by parameter calibration of the measured value. The inherent shortcomings of the detection circuit built with discrete components are solved, which means that the detection circuit of crude oil water content has fewer components, smaller size, and higher detection accuracy.
Machining mechanism of polycrystalline nickel-based alloy under ultrasonic elliptical vibration-assisted cutting
Authors: Nguyen Duy-Khanh , Fang Te-Hua , Cai Yue-Ru , Huang Ching-Chien 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work investigates the machining mechanism and deformation behavior of NiFeCo under conventional nanoscale cutting and ultrasonic elliptical vibration-assisted cutting (UEVC) through molecular dynamics simulation. The material removal process is considered in various vibration frequencies, amplitude ratios, and phase angles. In both cases, the highest shear strain, local stress, and temperature atoms are primarily located in the cutting area and chip volume, but the magnitudes are more significant under UEVC. The distribution analysis results of stacking fault and dislocation also show that grain boundaries strongly influence the deformation behavior and the local stress in the material. Moreover, in the cases of UEVC, the rise of vibration frequency and the decrease in amplitude ratio positively impact improving the material removal rate and reducing the average cutting force. Meanwhile, the change in phase angles affects only the timing of the peak in force value and has no significant effect on the resultant force and the cutting efficiency.
Demonstration of the threshold-switching memory devices using EMIm(AlCl3)Cl and ZnO for neuromorphic applications
Authors: Kim Dongshin , Kim Ik-Jyae , Lee Jang-Sik 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The threshold-switching behaviors of the synapses lead to energy-efficient operation in the neural computing system. Here, we demonstrated the threshold-switching memory devices by inserting the ZnO layer into the ionic synaptic devices. The EMIm(AlCl3)Cl is utilized as the electrolyte because its conductance can be tuned by the charge states of the Al-based ions. The redox reactions of the Al ions in the electrolyte can lead to the analog resistive switching characteristics, such as excitatory postsynaptic current, paired-pulse facilitation, potentiation, and depression. By inserting the ZnO layer into the EMIm(AlCl3)-based ionic synaptic devices, the threshold switching behaviors are demonstrated. Using the resistivity difference between ZnO and EMIm(AlCl3)Cl, the analog resistive switching behaviors are tunned as the threshold-switching behaviors. The threshold-switching behaviors are achieved by applying the spike stimuli to the device. Demonstration of the threshold-switching behaviors of the ionic synaptic devices has a possibility to achieve high energy-efficiency for the ion-based artificial synapses.
Bifunctional electrocatalytic reduction performance of nitrogen containing biomass based nanoreactors loaded with Ni nanoparticles for oxygen and carbon dioxide
Authors: Yuan Junjie , Zou Jiayi , Wu Zhongqiu , Wang Zhaolong , Yang Zongli , Xu Hui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the face of increasing energy demand, the approach of transformation that combines energy restructuring and environmental governance has become a popular research direction. As an important part of electrocatalytic reactions for gas molecules, reduction reactions of oxygen (ORR) and carbon dioxide (CO2RR) are very indispensable in the field of energy conversion and storage. However, the non-interchangeability and irreversibility of electrode materials have always been a challenge in electrocatalysis. Hereon, nickel and nitrogen decorated biomass carbon-based materials (Ni/N-BC) has been prepared by high temperature pyrolysis using agricultural waste straw as raw material. Surprisingly, it possesses abundant active sites and specific surface area as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for ORR and CO2RR. The three-dimensional porous cavity structure for the framework of biomass could not only provide a strong anchoring foundation for the active site, but also facilitate the transport and enrichment of reactants around the site. In addition, temperature modulation during the preparation process also optimizes the composition and structure of biomass carbon and nitrogen. Benefit from above structure and morphology advantages, Ni/N-BC-800 exhibits the superior electrocatalytic activity for both ORR and CO2RR simultaneously. More specifically, Ni/N-BC-800 exhibits satisfactory ORR activity in terms of initial potential and half wave potential, while also enables the production of CO under high selective. The research results provide ideas for the development and design of electrode materials and green electrocatalysts, and also expand new applications of agricultural waste in fields such as energy conversion, environmental protection, and resource utilization.
A self-powered intelligent integrated sensing system for sports skill monitoring
Authors: Zhang Mengqi , Sun Fengxin , Wen Yuzhang , Zheng Qinglan , Xie Zhenning , Liu Bing , Mao Yupeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The use of green intelligent sensing systems which are based on triboelectric nanogenerators have sparked a surge of research in recent years. The development has made significant contributions to the field of promoting human health. However, the integration of an intelligent sensing system with multi-directional triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) remains challenges in the field of motion monitoring. To solve this research issue, this study designed a self-powered multifunctional fitness blanket (SF-MFB) which incorporates four TENGs, features multi-sensors and wireless motion monitoring capabilities. It presents a self-powered integrated sensing system which utilizes four TENG sensing units to monitor human motion. Each TENG sensing unit collects the mechanical energy generated during motion. The system is composed of SF-MFB, Bluetooth transmission terminal, and upper computer analysis terminal. Its main purpose is to wirelessly monitor and diagnose human sports skills and enables real-time human–computer interaction. The TENG integrated self-powered sensing system demonstrates practicality in sports skills monitoring, diagnosis, human–computer interaction and entertainment. This research introduces a novel approach for the application of TENG self-powered intelligent integrated sensing system in health promotion.
Quantitative analysis of circular dichroism at higher-order resonance of extrinsic plasmonic chiral nanostructures using multipole decomposition combined with the optical theorem
Authors: Zhu Guodong , Wei Haonan , Sun Zhiguang , Liu Jiayi , Wei Xinran , Liang Yuzhang , Peng Wei , Fang Yurui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Plasmonic chirality, which has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its ability to generate strong near-field enhancement and giant circular dichroism (CD). Currently, various theories have been proposed to explain plasmonic extrinsic chirality, however, a comprehensively quantitative explanation for the high-order optical response of extrinsic metamolecule has yet to be established. Herein, we present a concise and quantitative explanation of the giant high-order extrinsic CD of a plasmonic nanocrescent, which origins from multipole decomposition in combination with the optical theorem. Our findings indicate that the high-order resonance modes exhibit giant CD comparable to dipolar modes and can be conveniently applied to the chiral recognition of metamolecules. Furthermore, the nonradiative electric quadrupole resonance exhibits enormous electric field enhancement near metamolecule, which has great application potential in the fields of molecular recognition and sensing in the visible region.
Spanwise phase transition between pure modes A and B in a circular cylinder’s wake. Part II: spatiotemporal evolution of vorticity
Authors: Lin L M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Through direct numerical simulation, the transition from pure mode A to mode B in the near wake of a circular cylinder is studied without consideration of vortex dislocations. The Reynolds number

R
e

is calculated from 100 to 330 with a computational spanwise length of 4 diameters. In the present section, the spatiotemporal evolution of the vorticity and its sign are analyzed. The results show that mode B, as a kind of weak disturbed vorticity with opposite signs, actually appears partially on the rear surface of the cylinder and in the shear layers once Re exceeds 193. With increasing

R
e

, the vortex-shedding patterns in the near wake undergo the initial generation stage of mode B coupling with the fully developed pure mode A (

193
⩽
R
e
<
230

), the mode swapping or coexistence stage between modes A and B (

230
⩽

R
e

<
260
∼
265

), the self-adjustment stage of the nondimensional spanwise wavelength from 0.8 to 1 in dominant mode B (

260
∼
265
⩽

R
e

<
310

), and the full development stage of mode B (

R
e

⩾
310

). In particular, the spanwise phase transition initially occurs at a certain spanwise position in the initial generation stage where a part of mode A and a part of mode B with specific vorticity signs appear, e.g. the

Π
−

vortex in mode A and the

Π
+

vortex in mode B, in which

Π
−

and

Π
+

vortices are vortices with three vorticity components satisfying the vorticity sign law and shed from the upper and lower shear layers, respectively.
Mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid kevlar/natural fiber composites
Authors: Murali B , Karthik K , Marotrao Sarange Shreepad , Laxmaiah G , Yadav Ajay Singh , Prasanth I S N V R , Abbas Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The current experiment aimed to identify the characteristics of composite materials enhanced with aloe vera, bamboo, palm, and kevlar fibres. Three different types of combinational fabrication—Type I (a blend of aloe vera and bamboo), Type II (a combination of bamboo and palm), and Type III—were carried out from all the other them (blend of palm and aloe vera). Analysis was done on the mechanical and dynamic-mechanical evaluation of biocomposites made spontaneously. Natural fibres used to produce hybrid composites were alkaline and treated in a 2.5 ml NaOH solution for 6 h at room temperature to get acceptable characteristics, then dried to remove the wax and oils on the natural fibre’s exterior surface. The effect of different stacking sequences on the mechanical and dynamic properties of manufactured composites has been investigated experimentally through ASTM standards. Impact, inter-delamination and double-shear tests are used to evaluate the mechanical properties; the failure mechanisms of the fabricated hybrid composites with various stacking sequences and testing conditions were investigated through the fractographs of SEM analysis. Type I S1 samples were found to display significant impact energy (10 Joules) as compared to other samples, and the break load of composite specimens was higher at 4.5 KN in S2 samples of type-III as compared to type-I and II, revealed Type-I samples with significant peak area of 0.492 delivered at 102.01 °C as compared to two types, Type-3 (Palmyra Palm + Aloe Vera) composite gave the best mechanical, dynamic properties.
Expert opinion based optimziation of CNC machining parameters for Al-CNT composites using fuzzy TOPSIS method
Authors: Nand Sachchida , Singh Manvandra K , Chimata Murali Krishna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Machinability of Al-CNT composites at optimum conditions of machining parameters saves a lot of time, improves quality of machined components at minimum possible cost of machining. In conventional methods, controlled experimentation is performed. In order to obtain best machining parameters, optimization methods are applied but they are inadequate in many situations. Hence, an attempt was made in this work to collect subjective data for response parameters such as, quality, cost, and time, from selected experts in this field for various combinations of input process parameters of CNC milling machine for the case of Al-CNT composites with high-speed steel as tool material. 27 sets of experiments were devised for various combinations of machining parameters systematically by taking cutting speed (in rpm), feed, step over ratio, and depth of cut each at 3 levels. Two experts were invited for collection of data for the response parameters and three experts were involved for giving weightages for the response parameters. Fuzzy trapezoidal membership functions were made use of, for representing fuzzy set and fuzzy Technique and TOPSIS method was applied for finding the best solution. Results revealed that best solution was obtained for a spindle speed of 3000 rpm, feed of 150 mm rev−1, step-over ratio of 0.5, and depth of cut of 0.2 mm.
Single-Institution Early Experience With a New, Smooth, Opaque, and Round Breast Implant Over a 2-Year Period
Authors: Ng Zhi Yang , Honeyman Calum , Shoaib Taimur 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The ideal breast implant does not exist and the choice of implant for breast augmentation is largely based on what surgeons think will be best for their patients.

Objectives
To evaluate the preliminary results of a new, smooth, round, and opaque breast implant (PERLE, GC Aesthetics; Dublin, Ireland) from a single-center UK aesthetic practice.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing breast implant surgery with PERLE at the authors' center between January 2021 and December 2022. Outcomes data such as rates of capsular contracture, infection, revision surgery, and synchronous mastopexy were analyzed.

Results
Of the 385 patients identified, 374 (97.1%) had PERLE implants placed by 3 surgeons for primary (n = 290) and secondary breast augmentation (n = 21), and augmentation-mastopexy (n = 63). Capsular contracture occurred in no cases, infection in 1 (0.2%), and revision surgery in 21 patients (5%). The incision used was always submammary, unless a synchronous mastopexy was performed; implants were placed in the subglandular/subfascial plane in the majority of cases (85.3%), and the rest were dual plane (14.7%). Eight revisions were performed in patients undergoing breast augmentation (due to implant displacement in 6 patients, and hematoma and infection in 1 patient each). Fourteen revisions were performed in those undergoing augmentation-mastopexy. The average follow-up time was 18 months.

Conclusions
The authors' early, single-center experience with PERLE implants suggests a safety profile and overall complication rate that is comparable with other modern implants. They will continue to monitor the safety and effectiveness of PERLE and discuss the reasons and evolution in the choice of breast implant.

Level of Evidence: 4
Pelvic-girdle reconstruction with three-dimensional-printed endoprostheses after limb-salvage surgery for pelvic sarcomas: current landscape
Authors: Hu Xin , Lu Minxun , Zhang Yuqi , Li Zhuangzhuang , Wang Jie , Wang Yitian , Xing Zhengyi , Yang Xiao , Tu Chongqi , Min Li 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Resection of pelvic bone tumors and the subsequent reconstruction of the pelvic girdle pose challenges due to complex anatomy, load-bearing demands, and significant defects. 3D-printed implants have revolutionized pelvic girdle reconstruction by offering customized solutions, porous surface structures for precise resection with custom guides, and improved integration. Many tertiary medical centers have adopted 3Dprinted hemipelvic endoprostheses, leading to enhanced outcomes. However, most studies are limited to single centers, with a small number of cases and short follow-up periods. Additionally, the design of these implants often relies heavily on individual experience, resulting in a lack of uniformity and significant variation. To provide a comprehensive assessment of this technology, we conducted an analysis of existing literature, encompassing tumor resection classification, various types of prosthesis design, reconstruction concepts, and post-reconstruction functional outcomes.
Phenotype and natural history of mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration
Authors: Iankova Vassilena , Sparber Peter , Rohani Mohammad , Dusek Petr , Büchner Boriana , Karin Ivan , Schneider Susanne A , Gorriz Juan M , Kmiec Tomasz , Klopstock Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is an ultraorphan neurogenetic disease from the group of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders. Here we report cross-sectional and longitudinal data to define the phenotype, to assess disease progression and to estimate sample sizes for clinical trials.
We enrolled patients with genetically confirmed MPAN from the Treat Iron-Related Childhood-Onset Neurodegeneration (TIRCON) registry and cohort study, and from additional sites. Linear mixed-effect modelling (LMEM) was used to calculate annual progression rates for the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Barry–Albright Dystonia (BAD) scale, Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (SE-ADL) scale and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL).
We investigated 85 MPAN patients cross-sectionally, with functional outcome data collected in 45. Median age at onset was 9 years and the median diagnostic delay was 5 years. The most common findings were gait disturbance (99%), pyramidal involvement (95%), dysarthria (90%), vision disturbances (82%), with all but dysarthria presenting early in the disease course. After 16 years with the disease, 50% of patients were wheelchair dependent. LMEM showed an annual progression rate of 4.5 points in total UPDRS. The total BAD scale score showed no significant progression over time. The SE-ADL scale and the patient- and parent-reported PedsQL showed a decline of 3.9%, 2.14 and 2.05 points, respectively. No patient subpopulations were identified based on longitudinal trajectories.
Our cross-sectional results define the order of onset and frequency of symptoms in MPAN, which will inform the diagnostic process, help to shorten diagnostic delay and aid in counselling patients, parents and caregivers. Our longitudinal findings define the natural history of MPAN, reveal the most responsive outcomes and highlight the need for an MPAN-specific rating approach. Our sample size estimations inform the design of upcoming clinical trials.