bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous estimation of propyphenazone, flurbiprofen, and their mutual prodrug by high‐performance liquid chromatography method
Authors: Patel Zanza , Tandel Falguni , Tripathi Rati Kailash Prasad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe current work comprises of development of a simple, rapid, and precise reverse phase‐high‐performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous estimation of propyphenazone, flurbiprofen, and their mutual prodrug. Column C18 (Shimadzu Shim‐pack Gist, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was employed as a stationary phase, and the ratio of acetonitrile:methanol:water (40:40:20 %v/v) was used as the mobile phase. The flow rate was held at 1 mL/min and detection was carried out at 245 nm using an ultraviolet detector. The retention time of propyphenazone, flurbiprofen, and their mutual prodrug was found to be 4.0, 2.5, and 10.0 min, respectively. The proposed method was validated according to the International Council on Harmonization Q2(R1) guideline in terms of accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, and solution stability. Calibration plots were linear over the concentration ranges of 2–10 μg/mL (R2 = 0.9998, R2 = 0.9992 and R2 = 0.9994 for propyphenazone, flurbiprofen, and their mutual prodrug, respectively). Results of mean percentage recoveries were in the range of 99.6%–100.1% for flurbiprofen, 99.3%–100.2% for propyphenazone, and 99.9%–100.7% for prodrug, respectively. The developed method can be used for the assay of mutual prodrug and drug release study of the developed mutual prodrug also routine quality control evaluation of mutual prodrug in bulk form.
Physicochemical and biological characteristics of River Hindon at Galheta station from 2009 to 2020
Authors: Singh Bhanu Pratap , Choudhury Moharana , Gupta Piyush , Chadha Utkarsh , Zewude Dinaol 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the physicochemical and biological attributes of water in the Hindon River, located in Northern India and traversing through the districts of Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Baghpat, Ghaziabad, and Gautam Buddha Nagar. The study specifically examined crucial parameters, including Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Alkalinity (TA), Sulphate (SO42−), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and the biological parameter, that is, Total Coliform. Data for these characteristics of the Hindon River were collected and analyzed based on measurements obtained at the Galheta station in District Baghpat, from 2009 to 2020. The study revealed significant yearly fluctuations in water quality parameters. DO (0.15–9 mg/L) and Total Coliform (319.09 MPN/100 mL to 23 × 106 MPN/100 mL) levels represented the most significant variations, while BOD (30.65–81.54 mg/L) and COD (80.08–170 mg/L) values consistently exceeded acceptable thresholds. TA (151.883–444.86 mg/L) had persistently fallen short of minimum standards, whereas SO42− (24.756–77.441 mg/L) remained within permissible limits. TDS (619–924.16 mg/L) consistently adhered to water quality standards. The findings indicated that the Hindon River's water quality consistently fell into the categories D or E as per Bureau of Indian Standards (IS: 2296) and Class III or IV according to the UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) standards and failed to meet the stipulated criteria outlined in BIS (IS: 2490) and had fallen short of the water quality standards established by the World Health Organization (WHO). A correlation coefficient matrix was generated to assess the relationships among the mentioned parameters. The research findings emphasize the need for continuous monitoring of Hindon River water to protect the health of aquatic ecosystems and human well‐being.
The effect of different levels of vitamin C and chromium on growth performance, carcass characteristics, digestive organs, immunity, blood constituents, liver enzymes, cecal microflora, meat sensory taste and fatty acid profile of breast meat in broilers
Authors: Nadaf Fahmideh Matin , Seidavi Alireaza , Bouyeh Mehrdad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntioxidants such as vitamin C (VC) and chromium (Cr), which effectively scavenge free radicals, may improve functional characteristics of the intestine and may reduce intestinal diseases. Cr absorption increases in the presence of VC. In poultry, VC is mainly derived from glucose; hence, Cr is an important component for glucose tolerance. We evaluated the synergistic effects of these two antioxidants together.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate two levels of VC and two levels of Cr and their interaction on growth performance, carcass characteristics, digestive organs, immunity, blood constituents, liver enzymes, cecal microflora, meat sensory taste and fatty acid profile of breast meat in broilers.MethodsTwo levels of VC (250 and 500 mg/kg dry matter [DM]) and two levels of Cr (700 and 1400 μg/kg DM) were added to a basic diet for 42 days in five treatments. The 2 × 2 plus 1 (control group) factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomised design for 42 days using 360 one‐day‐old male chicks.ResultsVery low‐density lipoprotein, high‐density lipoprotein, low‐density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and triglyceride level, liver enzymes, antibody titer against sheep red blood cells, fat content, odour, chewing ability, elasticity and oral sensation traits were affected by combination of VC and Cr.ConclusionsCombination of VC and Cr can increase unsaturated fatty acids and decrease saturated fatty acids, as well as improve cecal microbial flora, and may be useful as antioxidant compounds and non‐antimicrobial stimulants for economic growth. The use of 250 mg/kg of VC and 700 μg/kg of Cr is recommended in broiler diets.
Recent advances in deep learning for retrosynthesis
Authors: Zhong Zipeng , Song Jie , Feng Zunlei , Liu Tiantao , Jia Lingxiang , Yao Shaolun , Hou Tingjun , Song Mingli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRetrosynthesis is the cornerstone of organic chemistry, providing chemists in material and drug manufacturing access to poorly available and brand‐new molecules. Conventional rule‐based or expert‐based computer‐aided synthesis has obvious limitations, such as high labor costs and limited search space. In recent years, dramatic breakthroughs driven by deep learning have revolutionized retrosynthesis. Here we aim to present a comprehensive review of recent advances in AI‐based retrosynthesis. For single‐step and multi‐step retrosynthesis both, we first introduce their goal and provide a thorough taxonomy of existing methods. Afterwards, we analyze these methods in terms of their mechanism and performance, and introduce popular evaluation metrics for them, in which we also provide a detailed comparison among representative methods on several public datasets. In the next part, we introduce popular databases and established platforms for retrosynthesis. Finally, this review concludes with a discussion about promising research directions in this field.This article is categorized under:
Data Science > Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning
Data Science > Computer Algorithms and Programming
Data Science > Chemoinformatics
Mit künstlicher Intelligenz schneller zur Diagnose seltener Erkrankungen – ein Gebot der Ethik, Ökonomie und Lebensqualität
Authors: Völkel Lukas , Wagner Annette D. 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Weltweit leiden etwa 300 Mio. Menschen an einer seltenen Erkrankung. Eine optimale Therapie setzt eine erfolgreiche Diagnose voraus. Diese dauert bei seltenen Erkrankungen besonders lange. Digitale Diagnoseunterstützungssysteme könnten zukünftig wichtige Helfer bei der Beschleunigung einer erfolgreichen Diagnose sein.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die aktuellen Möglichkeiten digitaler Diagnoseunterstützungssysteme in der Diagnostik seltener Erkrankungen und noch zu klärende Fragestellungen sollen in Bezug auf die Parameter Ethik, Ökonomie und Lebensqualität dargelegt werden.

Material und Methoden
Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse des Autorenteams werden im Kontext aktueller Literatur zusammengetragen und diskutiert. Anhand eines Fallbeispiels wird das Potenzial digitaler Diagnoseunterstützungssysteme erläutert.

Ergebnisse
Digitale Diagnoseunterstützungssysteme und Expert:innen zusammen können die erfolgreiche Diagnose bei Patient:innen mit seltener Erkrankung beschleunigen. Dies könnte positive Auswirkungen auf die Lebensqualität der Patient:innen haben und zu Einsparungspotenzial bei den direkten und indirekten Kosten im Gesundheitssystem führen.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Gewährleistung von Datensicherheit, Rechtssicherheit und Funktionalität bei der Verwendung digitaler Diagnoseunterstützungssysteme ist von hoher Bedeutung, wenn Vertrauen bei Expert:innen und Patient:innen geschaffen werden soll. Eine stetige Weiterentwicklung der Systeme mittels künstlicher Intelligenz könnte zukünftig auch Patient:innen dazu befähigen, die Diagnosefindung aktiv zu unterstützen.
Suicide risk following ED presentation with self-harm varies by hospital
Authors: Murphy Siobhan , Ross Emma , O’Hagan Denise , Maguire Aideen , O’Reilly Dermot 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients presenting to Emergency Department (ED) with self-harm are recognized to be at high risk of suicide and other causes of death in the immediate period following ED presentation. It is also recognized that there is a large variation in the management and care pathways that these patients experience at EDs.

Aims
This study asks if there is a significant variation in mortality risk according to hospital attended and if this is explained by differences in care management.

Methods
Population-wide data from the Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm from April 2012 were linked with centrally held mortality records to December 2019, providing data on self-harm type and ED care. Cox proportional hazards models analyzed mortality risk, coded as suicide, all-external causes and all-cause mortality.

Results
Analysis of the 64,350 ED presentations for self-harm by 30,011 individuals confirmed a marked variation across EDs in proportion of patients receiving mental health assessment and likelihood of admission to general and psychiatric wards. There was a significant variation in suicide risk following attendance according to ED attended with the three-fold range between the lowest (HRadj 0.32 95% CIs 0.16, 0.67) and highest. These differences persisted even after adjustment for patient characteristics, variation in types of self-harm, and care management at the ED.

Conclusions
This study suggests that while the management of self-harm cases in the ED is important, it is the availability and access to, and level of engagement with, the subsequent management and care in the community rather than the immediate care at EDs that is most critical for patients presenting to ED with self-harm. However, the initial care in ED is an important gateway in initiating referrals to these services.
Tracing tiger nut (C. esculentus L.): functional food from the colossal Cyperus genus
Authors: Wetters Sascha , Häser Annette , Ehrlich Tizian , Scheitle Carina , Nick Peter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTiger nuts (also called earth almonds orchufa) are the stolons of the sedgeCyperus esculentusL. and have been traditionally used as food or as an additive to drinks such ashorchata de chufa. Recently,chufaexperienced a hype as functional food because of its richness in dietary fiber and as a source of unsaturated fatty acids. Its close relative, nutgrass (Cyperus rotundusL.) has similarly long history of human use, but rather for medical purposes, due to a high content of secondary compounds. Both species are invasive weeds responsible for high yield losses in crop plants, especially in Southeast Asia, Africa, and subtropical America. They are not easily discerned, occur together, and are both traded under similar or identical vernacular names. For the purpose of consumer protection, it is important to discriminate them in commercial samples, which is not trivial by morphological markers and often impossible since they are mostly used in highly processed form. Therefore, a molecular authentication assay was developed using taxonomically authenticated plants as reference material. The plastidic markerpsbA-trnH igs(intergenic spacer) and the nuclear markerInternally Transcribed Spacerwere used for barcoding. To develop a sequencing-free fingerprinting assay, a single-nucleotide polymorphism in theITS2region could be employed to discriminateC. esculentusfrom its possible adulterantC. rotundusby a tailored Amplificatory Refractory Mutation System PCR. This approach was successful both, in reference to plants, as well as in highly processed commercial products such as tiger nut flour. We show that by a single PCR we can detect surrogation by nutgrass down to a threshold of 10% in tiger nuts as contribution to safeguard product authenticity against possible adulterations in a growing global market.
Joint preservation surgery for correcting adolescents’ spasmodic flatfoot deformity: early results from a specialized North African foot and ankle unit
Authors: Fadle Amr A. , Khalifa Ahmed A. , Bahy Ahmed , El-Gammal Yousif T. , Abubeih Hossam , El-Adly Wael , Osman Ahmed E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to report early results of performing joint-preserving surgeries for managing spasmodic flatfoot deformity (SFFD) in adolescents.

Methods
A prospective case series study including 24 patients (27 feet) diagnosed with idiopathic SFFD not responding to conservative management. After reassessment under anesthesia, surgical procedures included soft tissue releases (Achilles tendon (AT), peroneus brevis (PB), peroneus tertius (PT) (if present), and extensor digitorum longus (EDL)), bony osteotomies (lateral column lengthening (LCL), medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy (MDCO), and double calcaneal osteotomy (DCO)), and medial soft tissue reconstruction or augmentation if needed. Functional evaluation was performed per the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, while radiological parameters included talo-navicular coverage angle (TNCA), talo-first metatarsal angle (AP Meary’s angle), calcaneal inclination angle (CIA), talo-calcaneal angle (TCA), talo-first metatarsal angle (Lat. Meary’s angle), and tibio-calcaneal angle (TibCA). The preoperative parameters were compared to the last follow-up using the Wilcoxon signed test.

Results
The mean age was 15.37 ± 3.4 years, 18 (75%) were boys, and the mean BMI was 28.52 ± 3.5 (kg/m2). Release of AT and fractional lengthening of PL, PT, and EDL were performed in all patients. LCL was needed in eight feet (29.6%), MDCO in 5 (18.5%), and DCO in 14 (51.9%). FDL transfer was required in 12 (44.4%) feet, and repair of the spring ligament in seven (25.9%). The mean operative time was 99.09 ± 15.67 min. All osteotomies were united after a mean of 2.3 ± 0.5 months. After a mean follow-up of 24.12 ± 8.88 months (12 and 36 months), the AOFAS improved from a preoperative mean of 43.89 ± 11.49 to a mean of 87.26 ± 9.92 (P < 0.001). All radiological parameters showed significant improvement, AP Meary’s angle from a mean of 20.4 ± 5.3 to a mean of 9.2 ± 2.1, Lat. Meary’s angle from − 15.67° ± 6.31 to − 5.63° ± 5.03, TNCA from − 26.48° ± 5.94 to 13.63° ± 4.36, CIA from 12.04° ± 2.63 to 16.11° ± 3.71, TibCA from − 14.04° ± 3.15 to − 9.37° ± 3.34, and TCA Lat. from 42.65° ± 10.68 to 25.60° ± 5.69 (P ≤ 0.001). One developed wound dehiscence (over an MDCO), managed with daily dressings and local antibiotics. Another one developed lateral foot pain after having LCL managed by metal removal.

Conclusion
Careful clinical and radiological evaluation for the correct diagnosis of SFFD is paramount. Joint-preserving bony osteotomies combined with selective soft tissue procedures resulted in acceptable functional and radiological outcomes in this young age group.
‘That’s when I put it on’: stakeholder perspectives in large-scale remote health monitoring for older adults
Authors: Wróbel-Lachowska Magdalena , Dominiak Julia , Woźniak Mikołaj P. , Bartłomiejczyk Natalia , Diethei Daniel , Wysokińska Aleksandra , Niess Jasmin , Grudzień Krzysztof , Woźniak Paweł W. , Romanowski Andrzej 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRemote health monitoring (RHM) provides various benefits to older adults, but its use is still limited. Remote monitoring may help in avoiding emergencies and prolong users’ independence. To understand how to design systems which support older adults, we studied a large-scale remote health monitoring system. The system used fitness-grade smartwatches to monitor the vital signs of more than 2000 users constantly. To probe the lived experience of using RHM, we conducted an explorative interview study (N = 41) with operators, carers, and users of the RHM system. Our thematic analysis reveals that personalisation of care ecology is crucial for developing users’ confidence and trust in the system. We found that participation in RHM may catalyse positive changes in older adults’ lifestyles. Based on our findings, we formulate five recommendations for designing future health monitoring systems. Our work contributes to insights into the lived experience and stakeholder ecology of health monitoring systems.
Overexpression of HSPB6 inhibits osteosarcoma progress through the ERK signaling pathway
Authors: Guo Liangyu , Xiao Kangwen , Xie Yuanlong , Yang Zhiqiang , Lei Jun , Cai Lin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHeat shock protein B6 (HSPB6) plays a certain role in the formation of several cancers, whereas its effect on osteosarcoma remains unclear. In this study, the effect of HSPB6 on osteosarcoma was validated through numerous experiments. HSPB6 was down-regulated in osteosarcoma. As indicated by the result of CCK-8 and colony formation assays, HSPB6 overexpression was likely to inhibit the osteosarcoma cells proliferation, whereas the flow cytometry analysis suggested that apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells was increased after HSPB6 overexpression. Furthermore, transwell and wound healing assays suggested that when HSPB6 was overexpressed, osteosarcoma cells migration and invasion were declined. Moreover, the western blotting assay suggested that the protein level of p-ERK1/2 was down-regulated in osteosarcoma when HSPB6 was overexpressed. Besides, the effect of HSPB6 on osteosarcoma in vivo was examined. As indicated by the result, HSPB6 overexpression was likely to prevent osteosarcoma growth and lung metastasis in vivo. As revealed by the findings of this study, HSPB6 overexpression exerted anticancer effects in osteosarcoma through the ERK signaling pathway and HSPB6 may be suitable target for osteosarcoma molecular therapies.
Female Affective Perception of Mainstream and Paraphilic Pornography: Associations with Sexual and Psychological Intrapersonal Variables
Authors: Prantner Sabine , Giménez-García Cristina , Espino-Payá Alejandro , Escrig Miguel A. , Fuentes-Sánchez Nieves , Ballester-Arnal Rafael , Pastor M. Carmen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding affective perceptual processes can further contribute to the explanation of motivation and actions, as well as sexual risk behaviors. Pornography can be considered salient emotional content and is popular, also among females. Yet, the female perspective on pornography has often been overlooked and it remains unclear how individual variables may be associated with the affective perception of pornography and could provide a risk profile. Possible associations between several sexual and psychological intrapersonal variables and the affective perception of various forms of pornography were analyzed from the female perspective. A sample of 231 females (M = 21.87 years; SD = 3.9 years) provided ratings of affective valence, arousal, disgust, and moral and ethical acceptance for mainstream pornographic and paraphilic images of dominance, submission, or sexual violence. Paraphilic pornography was perceived as less pleasant, arousing, and moral and ethically acceptable, but more disgusting compared to mainstream pornography. This was more pronounced among females who had never consumed pornography. Results further suggest that the female affective perception of pornography was associated with the following sexual intrapersonal variables: sexual sensation seeking for physical sensations, erotophilia, lack of sexual control, problematic pornography consumption, and sexual disgust sensitivity. Of the assessed psychological intrapersonal variables, only anxiety was negatively associated with disgust for paraphilic pornography. It is important to further analyze the female affective perception of pornography and associated variables to include them in strategies for prevention and for addressing problematic consequences of the acceptance of specific sexual content and behaviors, especially related to sexualized violence.
Socio-spatial Inequities of Fire and Rescue Services in Sweden: An Analysis of Real and Estimated Response Times
Authors: Hassler Jacob , Andersson Granberg Tobias , Ceccato Vania 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLowering the response times of fire and rescue services (FRS) can reduce costs and the risk of fatalities in emergencies. Ensuring everyone can be reached by the FRS as quickly as possible is therefore a key objective for planners, who often rely on estimated response times to know where response times are long. To be reliable, such estimations need to be validated against real response times. Therefore, this study investigates the spatial patterns of FRS in Sweden in 2018, and compares how estimated and real response times correspond, as well as what factors explain under- or overestimation of the real times. Network analysis performed in a Geographical Information System (GIS) and regression modelling underpin the methodology. In most FRS events (81.3%), estimated response times are shorter than real response times with an average of 83.6 s. Both real and estimated response times are highest in rural municipalities. However, on average, underestimations are larger in urban municipalities. Response times also tend to be underestimated in municipalities with formalized cooperation agreements. Joint organization of FRS resources is thus not necessarily an effective way to reduce response times, with implications for the way FRS is delivered. This study highlights the heterogeneous spatial patterns of difference between estimated and real response times, and shows the importance of being event and area specific when planning the FRS system.
Editors’ statement on the responsible use of generative AI technologies in scholarly journal publishing
Authors: Kaebnick Gregory E. , Magnus David Christopher , Kao Audiey , Hosseini Mohammad , Resnik David , Dubljević Veljko , Rentmeester Christy , Gordijn Bert , Cherry Mark J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGenerative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform many aspects of scholarly publishing. Authors, peer reviewers, and editors might use AI in a variety of ways, and those uses might augment their existing work or might instead be intended to replace it. We are editors of bioethics and humanities journals who have been contemplating the implications of this ongoing transformation. We believe that generative AI may pose a threat to the goals that animate our work but could also be valuable for achieving those goals. In the interests of fostering a wider conversation about how generative AI may be used, we have developed a preliminary set of recommendations for its use in scholarly publishing. We hope that the recommendations and rationales set out here will help the scholarly community navigate toward a deeper understanding of the strengths, limits, and challenges of AI for responsible scholarly work.