bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Égales en droit ? La féminisation des professions juridiques en France et en Grande-Bretagne
Authors: Walters Patricia , Le Nicky 
Published: December 2023

Résumé L'article rend compte des résultats d'une recherche comparative sur les processus de féminisation des professions juridiques en France et en Grande-Bretagne. Les auteurs attirent l'attention sur l'importance du rôle du « levier des diplômes » sur la féminisation plus précoce et plus soutenue de certaines professions juridiques en France par rapport à la Grande-Bretagne. Les auteurs situent ce phénomène de féminisation dans le contexte des transformations structurelles qui touchent ces professions depuis le milieu des années 1970. Prenant appui sur les données portant sur l'évolution des carrières des avocats français et des solicitors britanniques en fonction du sexe et de l'ancienneté, elles attirent l'attention sur la manière dont ces transformations structurelles s'articulent avec le phénomène de féminisation et insistent sur la nécessité d'une analyse approfondie des trajectoires professionnelles sexuées dans ce contexte de grands bouleversements structurels.
Les échanges dans la parenté accentuent-ils les inégalités ?
Authors: Déchaux Jean-Hugues 
Published: December 2023

Résumé Les échanges entre parents non-cohabitants, définis comme des prestations productives (biens ou services) destinées à satisfaire des besoins de nature économique, ont-ils des effets inégalitaires ? Après avoir distingué trois types d'échange (domestique, réticulaire, financier), nous cherchons à apprécier ces effets à trois niveaux : inégalités entre catégories sociales, entre sexes et entre générations. Nous concluons sur la base des données disponibles à des effets systématiquement inégalitaires, mais d'une amplitude variable selon le type d'échange et le niveau d'analyse retenu. En fonction des catégories sociales, l'on échange d'autant plus que l'on possède davantage ; les échanges reflètent et réaffirment la sexuation des rôles et des identités ; enfin si les enfants reçoivent plus qu'ils ne donnent, le pouvoir des parents s'en trouve renforcé. Cela conduit à jeter un regard critique sur l'empressement avec lequel les pouvoirs publics entendent faire jouer un rôle accru aux « solidarités familiales ».
Négociations et conflits dans le processus d'orientation des élèves de l'enseignement secondaire
Authors: Masson Philippe 
Published: December 2023

Résumé Cet article*, reposant sur une observation participante, examine les relations qui s'établissent entre les différentes catégories d'agents de l'institution scolaire dans le processus d'orientation des élèves des établissements secondaires publics. Chaque année, dans un des établissements observés, 250 élèves de seconde sont orientés. Comment s 'effectue ce travail ? L 'article étudie la conception de l 'activité que cherche à faire prévaloir chaque catégorie d'agents en matière d'orientation et les problèmes qu'elle rencontre pour l'imposer. Les chefs d'établissement, soumis à des contraintes institutionnelles diverses, s 'opposent aux enseignants qui tentent défaire prévaloir leur compétence pédagogique dans le processus d'orientation. Les conseillers d'orientation, très critiques vis-à-vis des normes qui fondent le jugement professoral, se présentent comme une catégorie d'agents susceptible de limiter le pouvoir des enseignants.
Politique de développement local : la mobilisation des acteurs
Authors: Teisserenc Pierre 
Published: December 2023

Résumé L 'article étudie plusieurs initiatives ayant affecté différents territoires français et donné corps à des politiques de développement local. La première partie traite du processus de transformation et de mobilisation de tout ou partie de la population et distingue trois phases, aboutissant à l'existence d'une masse critique de projets rendant possible un développement plus soutenu et plus autonome. La seconde partie comporte une réflexion sur les identités collectives qui permettent d'expliquer le développement du partenariat autour de projets locaux. L 'enjeu des politiques de développement local étant l 'organisation d 'une société locale de service, l 'article précise, en se référant à différents travaux et en particulier à ceux de Denis Segrestin, la manière dont se constitue sur chacun des territoires concernés une communauté-société au sein de laquelle des régulations socio-économiques spécifiques permettent de suppléer aux régulations macro-économiques et macro-sociales de la société de production. La mobilisation devient alors possible grâce à l 'émergence d'une nouvelle figure d'acteurs : le citoyen acteur de développement.
Clinical evaluation of corono-radicular restorative design with fibre post restoration for fractured endodontically treated maxillary incisors: A randomised control trial
Authors: Pradeepa M. R. , Sherwood I. Anand , Amaechi Bennett Tochukwu , Priyadharshini S. Swathi , Abirami A. Azhagu 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The primary aim was to evaluate and compare the survivability of corono-radicular direct composite (CRDC) restoration and fiber-reinforced composite post (FRC) followed by coronal restoration for fractured root canal-treated maxillary incisors with a tooth structure loss of 50%–70%.

Methods:
A total of 56 teeth from 49 patients with fractured maxillary central and/or lateral incisors due to trauma were recruited for the study. The teeth were randomly allocated to two groups randomly by lot method. The two treatment groups were as follows: Group I – CRDC and Group II – FRC followed by coronal restoration. The postoperative review was performed at 3-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month period using intraoral periapical radiographs and clinical photographs. The Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire was administered during 24-month review visit. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to assess the longevity of the restorations.

Results:
There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the survivability of the restorations among the two treatment groups. The mean survival period for CRDC was 24 months and FRC followed by coronal restoration was 23.74 months. The patient’s satisfaction assessed using the questionnaire was higher in CRDC (100%) than FRC followed by coronal restoration (81.5%).

Conclusion:
Within the limit of the present study, both CRDC and FRC followed by coronal restoration were equally effective in the management of fractured maxillary incisors with 50%–70% tooth structure loss.
Real-world Data of Glycemic Control in a Suburban Population in Northern India during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Revale Jaydip V. , Revale Preeti J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
This study compared the 2-year glycemic outcomes with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) versus combination of OADs with insulin among the real-world patients at a single suburban center in India during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
Patients aged >18 years on the treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus were included and followed up for 2 years. The patients were divided into four groups according to their antidiabetic medication as follows: (1) sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) + insulin + OADs; (2) SGLT2i + OADs; (3) insulin + OADs (excluding SGLT2i); and (4) OADs excluding SGLT2i. Patients who were reluctant to initiate insulin as add-on therapy or those already taking insulin but wanting to switch to OADs were prescribed SGLT2i as add-on therapy. The parameters measured at every follow-up were blood pressure, weight, fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar, and HbA1c.

Results:
In all, 1204 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 59.07 ± 13.08 years, and 729 (60.54%) were males. Out of 1204 patients, the HbA1c data were available for only 472 patients. All glycemic parameters were maintained in the SGLT2i
+
Insulin
+
OADs group over the period of 3 years with no significant change in their values. The number of patients in the SGLT2i
+
OADs group more than doubled over the 2 years of follow-up. There was a significant improvement in weight and FBS at year 2 in this group. A significant improvement in HbA1c and FBS was seen in patients with baseline HbA1c ≥10 at baseline. No statistically significant change was observed in any of the clinical parameters in patients in the Insulin
+
OADs
(excluding
SGLT2i) group. Only about 50% of those who were on insulin at baseline, continued insulin at the first and second follow-up. In the OADs
(excluding
SGLT2i) group, weight and post lunch blood sugar showed a significant decrease at the second follow-up. Among patients who remained on OADs throughout the study, there was a significant improvement in HbA1c from baseline at year 2, although other parameters did not show any significant improvement.

Conclusion:
Patients on various OAD regimens showed better glycemic control compared to those on combined insulin and OADs in this study in a suburban population in India.
Tumor Marker in Early Detection of Malignancies in Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Series Analysis
Authors: Kesavadev Jothydev , Shankar Arun , Ashok Ashwin David , Balagopal P. G. , Krishnan Gopika , Basanth Anjana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and malignancy has gained significant attention, with a heightened susceptibility to specific cancers. We present a comprehensive case series, documenting four distinctive cases illustrating the critical role of tumor markers in early cancer detection among patients with T2DM. Our findings emphasize the significance of vigilant surveillance and comprehensive patient care in the timely diagnosis and management of malignancies. The cases highlight the utility of tumor markers, particularly carbohydrate antigen 19-9, in the identification of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. These markers facilitated early interventions and subsequent tailored treatments, resulting in improved patient outcomes and extended survival. In addition, we underscore the challenges encountered in clinical practice, emphasizing the need for effective patient education and engagement in decision-making processes regarding their health. Although not currently recommended as routine screening tools, the potential lifesaving impact of tumor marker screenings in asymptomatic high-risk patients with T2DM warrants further consideration and research. This case series serves to underscore the critical role of tumor markers in uncovering potential malignancies at early stages, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Changes in the pulmonary function of CT-guided microwave ablation for patients with malignant lung tumors
Authors: Li Zhichao , Zhao Feng , Wang Gang , Xue Guoliang , Wang Nan , Cao Pikun , Hu Yanting , Wei Zhigang , Ye Xin 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To investigate the changes in pulmonary function after computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) in patients with a malignant lung tumor.

Materials and Methods:
From June 2020 to January 2022, 133 patients with a malignant lung tumor who underwent CT-guided percutaneous MWA were included in the study. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed before (the baseline) and 1 month after the MWA. Vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1%, maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO-SB) at 1 month post MWA were compared with that at the baseline. The time of procedure and post-procedure length of hospital stay were also recorded.

Results:
The mean VC, FVC, FEV1, FEV1%, MMEF, and DLCO-SB at the baseline and 1 month post MWA were 3.23 ± 0.75 and 3.22 ± 0.77 (P = 0.926), 3.20 ± 0.75 and 3.21 ± 0.77 (P = 0.702), 2.35 ± 0.70 and 2.35 ± 0.71 (P = 0.992), 91.97 ± 23.14 and 91.87 ± 23.16 (P = 0.837), 1.83 ± 0.93 and 1.81 ± 0.95 (P = 0.476), and 6.38 ± 1.67 and 6.32 ± 1.62 (P = 0.389), respectively. There was no significant difference in the PFT results before and 1 month post MWA. The mean time of procedure and post-MWA length of hospital stay were 33 min and 2.5 days, respectively.

Conclusions:
MWA is a lung parenchyma-sparing local treatment, and pulmonary function at 1 month post MWA was not statistically different from the baseline, indicating that MWA may not affect pulmonary function.
Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) versus conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) in colorectal liver metastasis: Efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wu Chunxue , Chen Miaoling , Sun Yuandong , Han Jianjun 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
To comparatively evaluate drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) and conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) for efficacy, safety, and related prognostic factors in the treatment of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM).

Materials and Methods:
This study retrospectively analyzed 75 patients with CRLM-administered DEB-TACE (n = 36) or cTACE (n = 39) between January 2016 and December 2017. Local control, survival outcome, and complications were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors affecting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed.

Results:
The median follow-up in the two groups was 10.5 months (range, 0.5–22). Median PFS and OS in the DEB-TACE group were 10.0 and 13.0 months, respectively, and 6.0 and 8.5 months in the cTACE group, respectively (P = 0.009 and P = 0.008). The 3-, 6-, and 12-month OS rates in the DEB-TACE group were 100.0%, 94.4%, and 55.6%, respectively, and 92.3%, 71.8%, and 35.9% in the cTACE group, respectively. The 3-month OS rate (P = 0.083) showed no significant difference between the two groups, but significant differences were found in the 6- and 12-month OS rates (P = 0.008 and P = 0.030). Univariate and multivariate survival analyses showed that treatment method, tumor size, and tumor number were independent prognostic factors affecting PFS and OS.

Conclusion:
DEB-TACE has advantages over cTACE in prolonging PFS and OS in patients with CRLM. Treatment method, tumor number, and tumor size are important prognostic factors affecting PFS and OS. However, further multicenter and prospective trials are needed to confirm a deeper comparison between DEB-TACE and cTACE in patients with CRLM.
Development and validation of a combined nomogram for predicting perineural invasion status in rectal cancer via computed tomography-based radiomics
Authors: Liu Jiaxuan , Sun Lingling , Zhao Xiang , Lu Xi 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
This study aimed to create and validate a clinic-radiomics nomogram based on computed tomography (CT) imaging for predicting preoperative perineural invasion (PNI) of rectal cancer (RC).

Material and Methods:
This study enrolled 303 patients with RC who were divided into training (n = 242) and test datasets (n = 61) in an 8:2 ratio with all their clinical outcomes. A total of 3,296 radiomic features were extracted from CT images. Five machine learning (ML) models (logistic regression (LR)/K-nearest neighbor (KNN)/multilayer perceptron (MLP)/support vector machine (SVM)/light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM)) were developed using radiomic features derived from the arterial and venous phase images, and the model with the best diagnostic performance was selected. By combining the radiomics and clinical signatures, a fused nomogram model was constructed.

Results:
After using the Mann–Whitney U-test and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to remove redundant features, the MLP model proved to be the most efficient among the five ML models. The fusion nomogram based on MLP prediction probability further improves the ability to predict the PNI status. The area under the curve (AUC) of the training and test sets was 0.883 and 0.889, respectively, which were higher than those of the clinical (training set, AUC = 0.710; test set, AUC = 0.762) and radiomic models (training set, AUC = 0.840; test set, AUC = 0.834).

Conclusions:
The clinical-radiomics combined nomogram model based on enhanced CT images efficiently predicted the PNI status of patients with RC.
Distinct immunoreactions after a primary tumor microwave ablation using different heating parameters in a VX2 tumor model
Authors: Qian Mengjia , Lyu Jin , Da Xia , Zhu Chunhua , Wang Guozhu , Fang Yuan , Xu Jin 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Thermal ablation of solid tumors in situ can activate the immune system and produce a specific immune response against the tumor. Microwave ablation (MWA) with different parameters can ablate tumors with similar sizes and cause different local inflammatory effects. Our aim was to determine the immunological effects induced by different energy modes of MWA for a primary tumor.

Methods:
Seventy rabbits with VX2 tumors that were implanted subcutaneously underneath the right second nipple were treated with high-power MWA (40 W for 1 min), low-power MWA (20 W for 2 min), or surgical resection or were left without treatment (control). Survival time was evaluated by log-rank test. On day 14 after ablation, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the T-cell immune responses. In addition, the cytokine patterns were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:
Tumor eradication was achieved completely in the MWA groups, as proven by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase staining. Compared with the three treatment groups, the control group had a significantly higher number of pulmonary metastases and worse survival; however, no significant difference was observed among the three treatment groups. More intra-tumoral and systemic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were induced in the MWA groups than in the control group. Compared with operation, MWA induced more systemic CD4+ T-cells. More intra-tumoral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and systemic CD4+ T-cells were induced by high-power MWA than by low-power MWA. Moreover, MWA increased the interleukin 2 (IL2) and IL12 levels and decreased the IL4, IL6, and IL10 levels. Importantly, the serum IL12 level was significantly higher after high-power MWA than after low-power MWA.

Conclusion:
High-power MWA enhanced the type 1 T helper immune response and may be selected for the treatment of solid tumors. Future studies are needed to confirm our results.
Impact of Body Mass Index on Pathological Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer – A South Indian Single-institute Experience
Authors: Lokesh K. N. , Hegde Anup Rajendra , Babu M. C. Suresh , Rudresha A. H. , Rajeev L. K. , Saldanha Smitha C. , Choudhary Akansha , Jacob Linu Abraham 
Published: December 2023

Context:
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of breast cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is now increasingly being used in its management. Pathological complete response to NACT has proven to be a surrogate marker for improved outcomes in various molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

Aims:
The primary objective of this prospective observational study was to analyze the impact of body mass index (BMI) on pathological complete response (pCR) rates for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) after NACT. The secondary endpoint was to assess the histopathological features of the surgical specimen in response to NACT and to investigate the relationship with prechemotherapy BMI taking into account the various molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

Subjects and Methods:
Biopsy-proven LABC patients who received NACT and underwent surgery were included. Patients were categorized based on BMI classification for Asian population prechemotherapy. Molecular subtyping of breast cancer was done using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization as necessary. An analysis of the association between BMI and pCR in various subtypes of breast cancer, based on hormone receptors and HER2 status, was performed.

Results:
The study included 205 patients. The pCR detection rate in this study was 15.6% (n = 32) which was highest in under/normal weight patients (30.2%) in comparison to overweight (12.5%) and obese (7.8%) patients (P = 0.002). For the patients who achieved pCR, the breast-conservative surgery rates were seen as higher than modified radical mastectomy rates (P = 0.025). The molecular subtype triple-negative breast cancer patients were more likely to achieve pCR (32.5%) than other molecular subtype patients (P < 0.001). Stage II patients were more likely to achieve pCR than Stage III and IV patients (P = 0.005).

Conclusions:
This prospective study established that overweight and obese patients suffering from breast carcinoma had a reduced chance of achieving pCR following NACT in comparison with those who had an under-/normal BMI.
A case of generalized edema—Not a nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Kailas Lalitha , Pillai Swapna K , Neziya M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Juvenile dermatomyositis is a rare pediatric idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, with an estimated incidence of 2 to 3 per million per year. It affects the muscles and skin via inflammation of the small vessels, but can also affect other organs and presents with characteristic skin rashes and proximal muscle weakness. Anasarca is a rare manifestation of this disease and is associated with a more severe and refractory course, requiring increased immunosuppression. Early recognition of this atypical presentation of JDM may lead to earlier treatment and better outcomes. Our child presented with generalized edema, tiredness, and difficulty in walking. He was evaluated and managed with steroids and methotrexate.
Contemporary Management of Large and Complex Renal Calculi: Have we found the Perfect Solution Yet?
Authors: Liu Yung-Hao , Yen Ching-Heng , Tai Yi-Sheng , Cha Tai-Lung , Sun Guang-Huan , Yu Dah-Shyong , Wu Sheng-Tang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis review provides a thorough overview of contemporary treatment strategies for complex renal calculi, including large-volume stones, stones with increased hardness and greater number, or stones with abnormal anatomy. The development of tailored treatment plans for stone removal is essential for treatment success. A literature search was conducted on PubMed using the Keyword “complex renal calculi” along with “percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL),” “retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS),” “endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS),” “stone free rate,” and “complications.” Based on the findings, the use of “minimally invasive PCNL,” “multiple-tract PCNL,” “staged RIRS,” and “ECIRS” is proposed in addition to the traditional PCNL suggested using the European Association of Urology guidelines. Renal calculi in patients with solitary kidneys or who underwent kidney transplants are considered to be complex, and treatment options that allow preservation of their remaining renal function should be considered.