bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Society for Extracellular Vesicles workshop. QuantitatEVs: Multiscale analyses, from bulk to single extracellular vesicle
Authors: Basso Manuela , Gori Alessandro , Nardella Caterina , Palviainen Mari , Holcar Marija , Sotiropoulos Ioannis , Bobis‐Wozowicz Sylwia , D'Agostino Vito G. , Casarotto Elena , Ciani Yari , Suetsugu Shiro , Gualerzi Alice , Martin‐Jaular Lorena , Boselli Daniela , Kashkanova Anna , Parisse Pietro , Lippens Lien , Pagliuca Martina , Blessing Martin , Frigerio Roberto , Fourniols Thibaut , Meliciano Ana , Fietta Anna , Fioretti Paolo Vincenzo , Soroczyńska Karolina , Picciolini Silvia , Salviano‐Silva Amanda , Bergese Paolo , Zocco Davide , Chiari Marcella , Jenster Guido , Waldron Levi , Milosavljevic Aleksandar , Nolan John , Monopoli Marco P. , Witwer Kenneth W. , Bussolati Benedetta , Di Vizio Dolores , Falcon Perez Juan , Lenassi Metka , Cretich Marina , Demichelis Francesca 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe “QuantitatEVs: multiscale analyses, from bulk to single vesicle” workshop aimed to discuss quantitative strategies and harmonized wet and computational approaches toward the comprehensive analysis of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from bulk to single vesicle analyses with a special focus on emerging technologies. The workshop covered the key issues in the quantitative analysis of different EV‐associated molecular components and EV biophysical features, which are considered the core of EV‐associated biomarker discovery and validation for their clinical translation. The in‐person‐only workshop was held in Trento, Italy, from January 31st to February 2nd, 2023, and continued in Milan on February 3rd with “Next Generation EVs,” a satellite event dedicated to early career researchers (ECR). This report summarizes the main topics and outcomes of the workshop.
Fractal Analysis of Left Ventricular Trabeculae in Patients with End‐Stage Renal Disease: A Random Survival Tree Analysis
Authors: Zhang Tian‐yi , An Dong‐Aolei , Yan Hao , Wang Jieying , Zhou Hang , Chen Binghua , Lu Renhua , Fang Wei , Wang Qin , Che Xiajing , Huang Jiaying , Jin Haijiao , Shen Jianxiao , Zhou Yin , Mou Shan , Chen Jie , Fang Yan , Wu Lian‐Ming 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe complexity of left ventricular (LV) trabeculae is related to the prognosis of several cardiovascular diseases.PurposeTo evaluate the prognostic value of LV trabecular complexity in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD).Study TypeProspective outcome study.Population207 participants on maintenance dialysis, divided into development (160 patients from 2 centers) and external validation (47 patients from a third center) cohorts, and 72 healthy controls.Field Strength3.0T, steady‐state free precession (SSFP) and modified Look‐Locker imaging sequences.AssessmentAll participants had their trabecular complexity quantified by fractal analysis using cine SSFP images. Patients were followed up every 2 weeks until April 2023, or endpoint events happened. Random Forest (RF) and Cox regression models including age, diabetes, LV mass index, mean basal fractal dimension (FD), and left atrial volume index, were developed to predict major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Patients were divided into low‐ and high‐risk groups based on scores derived from the RF model and survival compared.Statistical TestsReceiver operating characteristic curve analysis; Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with log rank tests; Harrel's C‐index to assess model performance. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsFifty‐five patients (26.57%) experienced MACE during a median follow‐up time of 21.83 months. An increased mean basal FD (≥1.324) was associated with a significantly higher risk of MACE. The RF model (C‐index: 0.81) had significantly better discrimination than the Cox regression model (C‐index: 0.74). Participants of the external validation dataset classified into the high‐risk group had a hazard of experiencing MACE increased by 12.29 times compared to those in the low‐risk group.Data ConclusionLV basal FD was an independent predictor for MACE in patients with ESRD. Reliable risk stratification models could be generated based on LV basal FD and other MRI variables using RF analysis.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adult with features of Kawasaki disease
Authors: Heng Li Wei , Ong Geraldine H. M. , Lee Oswald Z. J. , Liau MeiQi May 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present a case of a 21‐year‐old woman with fever (>38.0°C) for 5 days, mucocutaneous lesions and refractory hypotension requiring dual inotropic support. The only significant past medical history was an episode of COVID infection 4 months before admission. She was diagnosed to have multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adult (MIS‐A)—a relatively new entity which occurs as a severe complication in patients post‐COVID‐19 infection. This condition can present remarkably similarly to Kawasaki disease. Although the paediatric counterpart of MIS‐A typically occurs within 2–6 weeks post COVID‐19 infection, MIS‐A may occur up to 4 months post‐COVID‐19 infection. We wish to raise awareness of this rare entity, their similarities with Kawasaki disease and the importance of early initiation of intravenous immunoglobulin and high‐dose aspirin.
Patients who undergo tibial tubercle anteromedialization with medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction demonstrate similar rates of return to sport compared to isolated MPFL reconstruction
Authors: Li Zachary I. , Garra Sharif , Eskenazi Jordan , Montgomery Samuel R. , Triana Jairo , Hughes Andrew J. , Alaia Michael J. , Strauss Eric J. , Jazrawi Laith M. , Campbell Kirk A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the rate of return to sports and sport psychological readiness between patients who underwent isolated MPFLR (iMPFLR) compared to a matched cohort of patients who underwent MPFLR with anteromedializing tibial tubercle osteotomy (MPFLR/TTO).MethodsPatients who underwent primary MPFLR with or without TTO for recurrent patellar instability were retrospectively reviewed from 2012 to 2020 at a single institution. Preinjury sport and work information, Kujala, Tegner, Visual Analogue Score for pain, satisfaction and MPFL‐Return to Sport after Injury (MPFL‐RSI) score were collected. Two readers independently measured the tibial tuberosity‐trochlear groove distance, Caton–Deschamps index and Dejour classification for trochlear dysplasia. Patients in iMPFLR and MPFLR/TTO groups were matched 1:1 on age, sex, body mass index and follow‐up length. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine whether the MPFL‐RSI was associated with a return to sport.ResultsThis study included 74 patients at mean follow‐up of 52.5 months (range: 24–117). These groups returned to sport at similar rates (iMPFLR: 67.6%, MPFLR/TTO: 73.0%, not significant [ns]), though iMPFLR patients returned more quickly (8.4 vs. 12.8 months, p = 0.019). Rates of return to preinjury sport level were also similar (45.9% vs. 40.5%, ns). Patients with Dejour B/C took more time to return to sport compared to patients with mild/no trochlear pathology (13.8 vs. 7.9 months, p = 0.003). Increasing MPFL‐RSI score was significantly predictive of the overall return to sport (odds ratio [OR]: 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.03, 1.13], p < 0.001) and return to preinjury level (OR: 1.07, 95% CI [1.04, 1.13], p < 0.001). Most patients in iMPFLR and MPFLR/TTO groups resumed work (95.7% vs. 88.5%, ns), though iMPFLR patients who returned to preinjury work levels did so more quickly (1.7 vs. 4.6 months, p = 0.005).ConclusionPatients who underwent MPFLR with anteromedializing TTO demonstrated similar rates of return to sport and psychological readiness compared to an isolated MPFLR matched comparison group, though iMPFLRs returned more quickly. Patients with more severe trochlear pathology required more time to return to sports.Level of Evidence: Level III.
Tibia‐first, gap‐balanced patient‐specific alignment technique achieves well‐balanced gaps in 90% of cases by rebuilding bony anatomy within boundaries
Authors: Strauch Marco , Kaufmann Verena , Graichen Heiko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposePatient‐specific alignment (PSA) technique tries to achieve balanced gaps and simultaneously rebuild the individual bony phenotype. The hypothesis was: PSA technique achieves balanced knees in a high percentage with more anatomical resections than adjusted mechanical alignment (AMA).MethodsThree hundred sixty‐seven patients underwent navigated total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with a tibia‐first gap‐balanced PSA technique. Resection boundaries for medial proximal tibia angle (MPTA) of 86–92°, mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA) of 86–92°, and hip‐knee‐ankle angle (HKA) of 175–185° were defined. Preoperative and intraoperative parameters of HKA, MPTA, mLDFA, and gap widths were recorded. Depending on the coronal deformity, the patients were divided into three groups: varus HKA < 178°; straight 178–182° and valgus HKA > 182°. The stability was analysed by assessing the difference between medial and lateral extension and flexion gaps as well as between flexion and extension gaps. All PSA measurements were compared with data from a previously published AMA series.ResultsPSA achieved balanced gaps in extension, flexion and between flexion/extension in over 90% of cases, being similar to AMA. In PSA, MPTA and mLDFA were restored within 1°, except in extreme varus (MPTA difference 2°) and valgus knees (mLDFA difference 3°). This was caused by the defined boundaries of the alignment technique. This individualised reconstruction led to significantly more anatomical resections of all tibia and femur resections.ConclusionA tibia‐first, gap‐balanced PSA technique achieves balanced joints in more than 90% of cases. By maintaining preoperative MPTA and mLDFA to a high extent, far more anatomical resections, compared to AMA were performed. Future studies need to be conducted to investigate whether those promising intraoperative results correlate with postoperative patient outcomes and whether patients outside the 5° corridor have higher failure rates.Level of EvidenceLevel III, retrospective cohort study.
A regional learning health system of congregate care facilities for COVID‐19 response
Authors: Zafar Muhammad A. , Beck Andrew F. , Chirumbolo Chris , Wilson Ken D. , Haralson Kate , Rich Katherine , Margolis Peter , Hartley David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic disproportionately affected congregate care (CC) facilities due to communal living, presence of vulnerable populations, inadequate preventive resources, and limited ability to respond to the pandemic's rapidly evolving phases. Most facilities function independently and are not organized for collaborative learning and operations.MethodsWe formed a learning health system of CC facilities in our 14‐county metropolitan region, coordinated with public health and health care sectors, to address challenges driven by COVID‐19. A CC steering committee (SC) was formed that represented diverse institutions and viewpoints, including skilled nursing facilities, transitional care facilities, residential facilities, prisons, and shelters. The SC met regularly and was guided by situational awareness and systems thinking. A regional CC COVID‐19 dashboard was developed based on publicly available data and weekly data submitted by participating facilities. Those experiencing outbreaks or supply shortages were quickly identified. As the pandemic progressed, the role of the SC shifted to address new and forecasted needs.ResultsOver 60 facilities participated in data sharing. The SC shared new guidelines, regulations, educational material, and best practices with the participating facilities. Information about testing sites, supplies, vaccination rollout, and facilities that had the capacity to accept COVID‐19 patients was regularly disseminated. The SC was able to direct resources to those facilities experiencing outbreaks or supply shortages.ConclusionsA novel learning health system of regional CC facilities enabled preparedness, situational awareness, collaboration, and rapid dissemination of best practices across pandemic phases. Such collaborative efforts can play an important role in addressing other public and preventive health challenges.
Chemorheological Kinetic Modeling of Uncatalyzed Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polybutadiene and Isophorone Diisocyanate
Authors: Reynolds John P. , Thompson Tiffany N. , Pritchard Cailean Q. , Schulz Michael D. , La Scala John J. , Bortner Michael J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCatalysts are often employed to enable nonisothermal reaction kinetic studies when tracking cure progression of polyurethane reactions. However, when quickly reacting, catalyzed materials are prepared through mixing followed by the addition of fillers or additives, subsequent processing of the partially reacted material becomes difficult. Here, chemorheology is used to track changes in viscoelastic properties of uncatalyzed polybutadiene‐diisocyanate reactions for multiple days, which quantifies the degree of cure during polymerization. Viscosity profiles are accurately captured by the two‐stage Arrhenius model (r2>0.95), and conversion progress is adequately represented by the Kamal–Sourour model (r2>0.76). Transition state analysis via Wynne–Jones–Eyring–Evans theory (WJEE) reveals the presence of an associative mechanism according to entropic and enthalpic activation energies ΔS# = −96.9 J K−1 and ΔH# = 36.4 kJ, respectively. These rheokinetic modeling results align with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy findings. To the knowledge, no rheokinetic studies have tracked cure progress of this uncatalyzed system for the extended timeframe presented here. The cure profile also presents unique viscosity growth, representative of molecular weight buildup, compared to catalyzed systems. This finding emphasizes the novelty of applying previously developed chemorheological models to multiday thermosetting reactions within a flow field in a manner that is generalizable to many long‐term curing systems.
A 3.4–3.5 GHz mode‐reconfigurable power amplifier with high efficiency with load mismatch and back‐off
Authors: Hao Honggang , Li Bao , Cai Zhonglyu , Tang Pan , Zhan Zhongjie , Hu Yang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this letter, a mode‐reconfigurable power amplifier (MRPA) is proposed to address the low efficiency in back‐off range and drastic impedance mismatch issues in 5G communications. The power amplifier based on a three‐branch reconfigurable quadrature coupler, capable of switching between two operating modes, Doherty and Balanced, while achieving excellent back‐off efficiency and resistance to load mismatch in 3.4–3.5 GHz band. The measured results of the proposed MRPA demonstrated a Psat of 43.5 dBm, a peak saturation drain efficiency (DE) of 64%–75%, and a 6 dB output back‐off DE of 48%–64%, and maintains a DE of more than 37% at voltage standing wave ratio = 2:1 mismatch level; at modulated wave amplification, the MRPA has an adjacent channel power leakage greater than 35 dBc in a 20 MHz 64‐QAM signal test and greater than 30 dBc in a 50 MHz 5G‐NR signal test.
Miniaturized wideband metasurface antenna loaded with H‐slot based on characteristic mode analysis
Authors: Zhang Shun , Yang Xue‐Song 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn H‐slot loaded metasurface (MTS) structure has been developed for the purpose of constructing a miniaturized wideband metasurface antenna (MTSA). The MTS is composed of an array of 3 × 3 rectangular small metal patches, each of which is loaded with an H‐slot. The inclusion of the H‐slot significantly lengthens the current path on the small metal patch, resulting in a small antenna size. Since the direction of the effective total current does not change, the radiation performance of the antenna is almost unaffected. To excite the MTS resonance and generate a stable radiation pattern while decreasing the backward radiation, an L‐probe with an intact ground is employed. Characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is applied to reveal the miniaturization mechanism of the MTS and guide modal excitation. The prototype is fabricated and measured within a compact radiation aperture size of 0.35λ0 × 0.29λ0 (λ0 is the free‐space wavelength at the center operating frequency). The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth is 20.16% (5.22–6.39 GHz), with a peak gain of 6.28 dBi and a front‐to‐back ratio is larger than 20 dB.
Study on rock block seismic sliding using three‐dimensional discontinuous deformation analysis
Authors: Lv Xinyang , Ning Youjun , Chen Dayong , Ni Kesong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe seismic sliding of rock masses is an important phenomenon that is widely involved in earthquake geological hazards. Practical seismic sliding is a three‐dimensional problem, namely, the seismic loads may act in any direction and the rock masses may move in an arbitrary direction relative to the sliding plane. In the present work, the functions of two different seismic loading methods, that is, loading as body force time histories to the sliders or as displacement time histories to the base, are added to the program of the three‐dimensional discontinuous deformation analysis (3D‐DDA) method that is based on the contact theory to study the seismic sliding of rock blocks. The theoretical solutions of single‐block sliding on an incline under the two seismic loading methods are derived. By comparing the 3D‐DDA results of single‐block seismic sliding with the corresponding theoretical results, and comparing the 3D‐DDA results of seismic sliding of three‐stacked‐blocks under the two seismic loading methods, the correctness of 3D‐DDA for seismic sliding simulations is validated. Thereafter, the influence of three‐dimensional seismic components on single‐block sliding, and the movement of block groups under different seismic load conditions are investigated by 3D‐DDA simulations, which indicate the importance to consider rock mass seismic sliding as a three‐dimensional problem and the capability of 3D‐DDA for its analysis. This work builds a meaningful basis for the further numerical simulation study on the earthquake‐induced rock mass movements by 3D‐DDA.
What is the best first choice oral drug therapy for OAB?
Authors: Sahai Arun , Robinson Dudley , Abrams Paul , Wein Alan , Malde Sachin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsThe management of overactive bladder (OAB) involves lifestyle changes and conservative measures in the first instance with the use of liquid/dietary advice, weight loss, and bladder training. Thereafter oral pharmacotherapy is instigated in symptomatic patients. Antimuscarinics and beta 3 agonists form the main classes of drug therapy in this field. Views on what is the best first line OAB treatment is changing based on recent evidence and adverse event profiles of these medications.MethodsAt the ICI‐RS meeting 2023, Bristol, UK this topic was discussed and debated as a proposal. The following article summarizes the concepts presented that day as well as the interactive discussion that took place thereafter.ResultsOAB guidelines are moving in many circumstances to an either antimuscarinic or beta 3 agonist approach based on patient factors. Several studies have raised concerns on the long‐term impact of antimuscarinics, in relation to cognition, dementia, cardiovascular events, and mortality all related to antimuscarinic load. Neither antimuscarinics nor beta 3 agonists have good persistence and adherence rates in the medium to long term. Several barriers also exist to prescribing including guidelines recommending utilizing drugs with the lowest acquisition cost and “step therapy.” A newer approach to managing OAB is personalized therapy in view of the many possible etiological factors and phenotypes. These concepts are highlighted in this article.ConclusionsCurrent oral pharmacotherapy in managing OAB is limited by adverse events, adherence and persistence problems. Both antimuscarinics and beta 3 agonists are efficacious but most clinical trials demonstrate significant placebo effects in this field. Personalizing treatment to the individual seems a logical approach to OAB. There is a need for better treatments and further studies are required of existing treatments with high quality longer term outcomes.
A convergence‐enhanced Timoshenko beam element for the stochastic nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete components
Authors: Xiang Dong , Gao Xiangling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn effective and precise physical model is generally required for the performance assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) components. In this study, a convergence‐enhanced Timoshenko beam element considering finite deformation is proposed for the stochastic nonlinear analysis of RC components. The unified framework of the rank 2 correction matrix is obtained by approximating the iterative matrix through the linearly independent basis vectors, and two types of Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (BFGS) operators are constructed. Then, a consistent solution scheme with superior numerical stability and efficiency is proposed based on the second kind of BFGS operator and improved quasi‐Newton method. Accurate discretization of the displacement fields and description of nonlinear sectional behavior are achieved by the high‐order Lagrangian interpolation functions, concrete damage‐plasticity model and J2 plasticity model. In an updated Lagrangian formulation, these shape functions and constitutive relationships are used to develop a complete secant stiffness with higher‐order terms in the strain tensor and residual force vector. To validate the proposed Timoshenko beam element, numerical applications involving material nonlinearity and geometrical nonlinearity are conducted. The numerical stability and efficiency of the solution scheme, the shear‐locking free technique, and the oscillation of axial force are thoroughly examined and discussed by solution of RC columns, cantilever beam and progressive collapse of planar RC frame. Finally, the parametric study considering the geometric and material randomness indicates that the RC column designed for flexural failure mode suffered considerable degradation of loading capacity and a larger scatter of residual load.
NN‐mCRE: A modified constitutive relation error framework for unsupervised learning of nonlinear state laws with physics‐augmented neural networks
Authors: Benady Antoine , Baranger Emmanuel , Chamoin Ludovic 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a new approach to train physics‐augmented neural networks with observable data to represent mechanical constitutive laws. To train the neural network and learn thermodynamics potentials, the proposed method does not rely on strain‐stress or strain‐free energy pairs but needs only partial strain or displacement measurements inside the structure. The neural network is trained thanks to an unsupervised procedure in which the modified constitutive relation error (mCRE) is minimized. The mCRE functional provides a bias‐aware data assimilation framework with a rich physical sense as the constitutive relation error (CRE) part can be interpreted as a modeling error continuously defined over the structure, and can be used as a prediction quality in the inference phase. This article also extends previous works on the mCRE by introducing a new minimization procedure in the case of nonlinear state laws. As typical structural health monitoring applications may require that the neural networks should be trained online, an important focus is thus made on automatic and adaptive tuning of sensitive hyperparameters (learning rate, weighting between losses, number of epochs and initialization). It is shown that when the training database is rich enough with respect to the loading cases, the proposed method achieves remarkable performance regarding the quality of the learned model, noise robustness, and low sensitivity to user‐defined hyperparameters. The method is evaluated on two test cases: a non‐quadratic potential in the small strain regime with synthetic optic fiber measurements, and a Mooney–Rivlin model in the hyperelastic case with synthetic digital image correlation observations.