bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it how we relate to others that makes a difference?
Authors: Krawitz Roy , Jackson Wendy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As you heal and develop awareness of yourself and the world around you, you will be able to influence your relationships becoming more effective.
Relationships tend to work best when we come together from positions of clarity about who we are and what we want.
The desired levels of connection will vary over time and with different people.
Starting relationships slowly is generally wise.
People are more likely to be genuinely generous with us if we express our needs in an assertive but not demanding way.
Strategic management and human resources: the pursuit of productivity, flexibility, and legitimacy
Authors: Boxall Peter , Purcell John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter is concerned with the role that human resources play in strategic management and the ethical issues involved in this relationship. It begins by defining what we mean by strategy and then sets up our model of the strategic goals of HRM. Our contention is that three broad goal domains are important in the strategic management of people in firms: labour productivity, organizational flexibility, and social legitimacy (Boxall and Purcell 2003). While many business analysts would readily accept that the first two of these are fundamental to organizational effectiveness, we argue that the pursuit of legitimacy is also vital because firms are always ‘embedded in structures of social relations’ (Granovetter 1985: 481).
The Global Environment of Business
Authors: Guy Frederick 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Frederick Guy’s The Global Environment of Business offers a multi-dimensional analysis of the environment in which international business operates. International: How do multi-national corporations, nation states, regional trade blocs, markets, and global institutions interact to shape the international economic system? Who wins and who loses when the economy internationalizes? Is internationalization leading to a global world, or a regional one? How will efforts to curtail and adapt to climate change affect international business? Technological and historical: How has the business environment been shaped by production systems, new methods of business organization, information and communication technology, transport, and the process of technological change itself? Comparative: How do institutional differences affect national specialization and economic performance? How do the business systems of Europe differ from that of the United States, or those of East Asia from those of Latin America? Why do location and face-to-face contact matter in an age of high-speed communication and cheap long-distance transportation? Why have some countries grown so fast while others remain poor? The Global Environment of Business draws on extensive research by economists, political scientists, sociologists, geographers, and business historians. There is more theory and academic debate here than in most books on the subject, but it is presented and explained clearly, and illustrated with lots of examples.
The Future: Regional Rivalries, Environmental Limits, and the Likely Retreat of the Global Corporation
Authors: Guy Frederick 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I have tried, in this book, to share with you an understanding of the world in which we make our livings. It is a short and foolish step from thinking that you understand something to trying to predict its future. Will both coordinated and liberal market economiessurvive in a world of global competition, or will they converge to a single model? Will the newly industrialized countries (NICs) overcome their dependence on low-wage assembly and high levels of inequality, and join the ranks of the world’s rich countries? I don’t know the answers to such questions, and I don’t believe that anybody does.
2008 Model Articles for Private Companies Limited by Shares
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
2008 Model Articles for Private Companies Limited by Shares (2008 pcls) are the default articles of association for a private company limited by shares1 registered on or after 5 October 2009.2 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 2008 pcls can be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered on or after 5 October 2009.3 On or after 5 October 2009, on the registration under the Companies Act 2006, s 1040, of an existing non-Companies Acts company as a private company limited by shares, its existing constitution is treated as its articles of association,4 and 2008 pcls does not apply unless adopted by special resolution.5 On or after 5 October 2009, for re-registration as a private company limited by shares, of a public company under the Companies Act 2006, s 97, or of an unlimited company under s 105, the company must make such changes in its articles as are necessary in connection with its becoming a private company limited by shares,6 and those changes take effect on the issue of a certificate of incorporation on re-registration.7
1908 Form B
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
1 April 19093 to 31 October 1929 in England and Wales and Scotland,4 to 31 December 1932 in Northern Ireland5 or to 31 March 1964 in the Republic of Ireland.6 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1908 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929 in England and Wales or Scotland, to 31 December 1932 in Northern Ireland or to 31 March 1964 in the Republic of Ireland.7 In the United Kingdom, a company limited by guarantee without a share capital must be a private company, because only a limited company with a share capital can be a public company.8 In the Republic of Ireland, a company limited by guarantee without a share capital must be a public company, because only a company with a share capital can be a private company.9
1929 Table C
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1929 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 November 1929 to 30 June 1948.5 A company registered in England and Wales or Scotland as a company limited by guarantee without a share capital must be a private company, because only a limited company with a share capital can be a public company.6 From 1 November 1929 to 30 June 1948, on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Companies Act 1929, part 9 (ss 321–336), as a company limited by guarantee without a share capital, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association,7 subject to the statutory requirement of being in accordance with 1929 Table C or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.8 From 1 November 1929 to 30 June 1948, the re-registration of a company under the Companies Act 1929, s 16(1), as a company limited by guarantee without a share capital, took place in the same manner and had the same effect as if it were the first registration of the company,9 and so its memorandum and articles of association had to be in accordance with 1929 Table C, or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.10
1908 Form D
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
31 October 1929 in England and Wales or Scotland,4 to 31 December 1932 in Northern Ireland5 or to 31 March 1964 in the Republic of Ireland.6 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1908 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929, in England and Wales or Scotland, to 31 December 1932 in Northern Ireland or to 31 March 1964 in the Republic of Ireland.7 From 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929, in England and Wales and Scotland,8 on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Companies (Consolidation) Act 1908, part 7 (ss 249–266), as an unlimited company with a share capital, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association,9 subject to the statutory requirement of being in accordance with 1908 Form D or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.10 From 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929, in England and Wales and Scotland,11 the re-registration of a company under the Companies (Consolidation) Act 1908, s 57(1), as an unlimited company with a share capital, took place in the same manner and had the same effect as if it were the first registration of the company,12 and so its memorandum and articles of association had to be in accordance with 1908 Form D, or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.13
Northern Ireland 1932 Table D
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Application: type of company and date of registration Northern Ireland 1932 Table D provides the model memorandum and articles of association for a company limited by guarantee with a share capital1 registered in Northern Ireland from 1 January 19332 to 31 March 1961.3 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in Northern Ireland 1932 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered in Northern Ireland from 1 January 1933 to 31 March 1961.4 From 1 January 1933 to 31 March 1961, on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company as a company limited by guarantee with a share capital, under the Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1932, part 9 (ss 276–291), its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association,5 subject to the statutory requirement of being in accordance with Northern Ireland 1932 Table D or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.6 From 1 January 1933 to 31 March 1961, the re-registration of a company under the Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1932, s 16(1), as a company limited by guarantee with a share capital, took place in the same manner and had the same effect as if it were the first registration of the company,7 and so its memorandum and articles of association had to be in accordance with Northern Ireland 1932 Table D, or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.8
Northern Ireland 1960 Table E
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In addition, the articles of association of any company registered from 1 April 1961 to 23 September 1986 could adopt all or any of the regulations contained in Northern Ireland 1960 Table A, Part 1, or, from 1 April 1961 to 30 June 1983, Northern Ireland 1960 Table A, Part 2.4 From 1 April 1961 to 23 September 1986, on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1960, part 8 (ss 332–347), as an unlimited company with a share capital, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association,5 subject to the statutory requirement of being in accordance with Northern Ireland 1960 Table E or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.6 The re-registration, under the Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1960, s 16(1), from 1 April 1961 to 30 July 1979,7 of a company as an unlimited company with a share capital, took place in the same manner and had the same effect as if it were the first registration of the company,8 and so its memorandum and articles of association had to be in accordance with Northern Ireland 1960 Table E, or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.9
2005 Community Interest Companies
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Community Interest Company Regulations 2005 (SI 2005/1788) apply to any company which is formed as or becomes a community interest company (CIC) since 1 July 2005 in England and Wales and Scotland,2 and 6 April 2007 in Northern Ireland.3 A company limited by shares or a company limited by guarantee without a share capital may be formed as or become a CIC.4 A company limited by guarantee with a share capital may become a CIC.5 An unlimited company cannot be a CIC.6 The memorandum or articles of a CIC which is a company limited by guarantee without a share capital must contain the provisions prescribed in SI 2005/1788, sch 1.7 The memorandum or articles of a CIC which is a company limited by shares or a company limited by guarantee with a share capital must contain either the provisions prescribed in sch 2 or those in sch 3.8 Such a company must not include in its memorandum or articles any provision which purports to permit a dividend to be declared otherwise than by an ordinary or special resolution of its members.9
Technological Innovation
Authors: Dodgson Mark , Gann David , Salter Ammon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Managers of technological innovation have to know about the broad and aggregate features of technological innovation itself, as well as the context in which MTI occurs. They need to know about the different types and levels of innovation. They need to appreciate the strengths and weaknesses of the major measures of innovativeness, such as R&D investments, patenting performance, and innovation surveys. Managers need to understand how the innovation process is changing and how firms can search amongst the many different sources of innovation. And they need to appreciate the various outcomes of innovation, including how they are diffused and adopted by individuals and firms. These issues are the concern of this chapter.
What is asthma?
Authors: Hasan Arshad S , Suresh Babu K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Asthma is a long-term disease that affects the breathing tubes that carry air in and out of the lungs Childhood allergic asthma is more common in boys than in girls Around one in ten cases of asthma in adults is due to occupational exposure to allergens Estimates vary, but aspirin sensitivity may occur in 5−10% of asthmatics
Organizing Words
Authors: Gabriel Yiannis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Organizing Words presents a series of essays on some 220 widely used - and much debated - terms in the social sciences, and organization studies. Each essay explores the meanings and uses of the word; and also the controversies they have sparked. The book aims to be a first port of call for students, researchers and scholars who wish to familiarize themselves with these key ideas and use them in their own work. The book is neither an encyclopaedia nor a dictionary, but a thesaurus. As such it combines both the original meaning of a thesaurus as a treasure trove, with its more contemporary characteristics of an accessible and practical resource. Primarily aimed at those interested in social and organizational studies, it will appeal to all those interested in the human sciences. It does not claim to be canonical or all-inclusive, but each entry seeks to enlighten and help, without patronizing or obscuring disagreements and difficulties. The book seeks to be re-assuring without being complacent or 'comfortable', to be authoritative without being doctrinaire, and to be critical without being destructive. Words help us express ourselves, and make sense of our experiences and our actions; and they help us to organize ourselves, our thoughts and our universe. Organizing Words will be an invaluable resource for essay-writing and a useful tool in planning and carrying out projects and dissertations. Most of the entries have been written by Yiannis Gabriel, with 40 essays coming from other experts in particular areas.
P
Authors: Gabriel Yiannis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Paradigm is a term introduced by the philosopher Thomas S. Kuhn in his famous book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions to describe different coherent theoretical perspectives of looking at the world. These perspectives are composed of theories, concepts, and assumptions that do not only shape fundamental beliefs about the world, but also prescribe how these beliefs may be tested and confirmed. Paradigms thus embody numerous ontological and epistemological assumptions which condition the way scientists look at the world, the things they observe, and the way they think about their observations—they are mindsets as well as bodies of knowledge, mindsets from which it is very difficult to escape. Paradigms have a degree of cohesion achieved as communities of scientists come to share particular ways of looking at the world. Most of the time, Kuhn argued, scientists work within the parameters and assumptions of specific paradigms in what he termed ‘normal science’. From time to time, however, anomalies begin to emerge that cannot be accommodated within a paradigm and anomalies may build up to the point where a crisis occurs and alternative and competing paradigms may emerge. It is then that a scientific revolution takes place as increasing numbers of scientists abandon the old paradigm for the new. The Copernican and the Einsteinian revolutions are such instances where an old paradigm rife with anomalies came to be supplanted by a new one.
S
Authors: Gabriel Yiannis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Science is a particular type of knowledge that claims certain privileges against other forms of knowledge. Many disciplines may claim to be scientific, but not all are widely accepted as such. Most people regard as scientific, knowledge that has been carefully derived from empirical observations, rigorously tested, and assumes the form of lawlike generalizations like New- ton’s laws of motion. The belief that science represents some ultimate and unalterable truth is no longer sustainable, given that even New- ton’s laws of motion were subsequently shown not to be of universal validity. The demarcation between scientific and other knowledge is then a crucial issue.
W
Authors: Gabriel Yiannis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Women’s studies grew rapidly as an interdisciplinary academic field in the 1970s and 1980s, exploring the position of women in society, often in a historical perspective. While there is some overlap with gender studies, women’s studies concentrates on women’s history, women’s art and literature, women’s sexuality and health, women’s representation in politics and business, and so forth. A substantial part of women’s studies has addressed women and work, both domestic and public, and women’s experiences in organizations. Strongly influenced by feminism, women’s studies is now a popular course in many British and American colleges and universities, driven by the conviction that women have, for a very long time, been invisible to many traditional academic disciplines and discourses which have been indifferent to gender and have treated the male as the normal subject of their enquiries.
Rape
Authors: Laws Eleanor , Lees Patricia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The offence of rape, originally a common law offence, became a statutory offence in 1957,and was later defined by statute in 1976. The offence was extended in 1992 so that a husband could be convicted of raping his wife. In 1994 the definition of rape was extended to include non-consensual anal intercourse upon a male or female. The SOA 2003 extends the definition further. Most notably, non-consensual penile penetration of the mouth is now defined by s 1 as rape.
Sentencing
Authors: Laws Eleanor , Lees Patricia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Offences must be sentenced according to the sentencing regime in place at the time the offence was committed. These are set out within the text at the sentencing paragraph for each offence. The different types of sentence now available under the CJA will apply to sentences passed after 4.4.2005 and appear from para 12.27. In addition there are a number of orders which need to be considered when sentencing, as well as the automatic notification requirement. These are set out within this chapter from para 12.143 and in the Appendices. Guideline authorities are set out from para 12.54.
‘Europeanization’: a fashionable and contested term
Authors: Olsen Johan P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘Europeanization’ is a fashionable but contested concept. Measured by the number of titles using the term, research on Europeanization is an academic growth industry. But questions have been raised as to whether ‘Europeanization’ is useful for understanding contemporary European transformations, whether we are in danger of misunderstanding European transformations because the term is misused (Wallace 1999: 2), and whether the term is so unwieldy, and so lacking in precise and stable meaning, that it is futile to use it as an organizing concept (Kassim 2000: 238).
‘… to serve the citizens of Europe’
Authors: Olsen Johan P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If citizens need the help of professional administrators with specialist qualifications, under what conditions is it likely that public administration will work in ways that increase citizens’ trust and reduces the perceived need for citizens’ participation? Do different ways of organizing public administration influence the mediation between citizens and their helpers and therefore the degree to which public administration and government are seen to function well, to be legitimate, and to make direct and continuous citizens’ participation redundant?
Privacy And Confidentiality
Authors: Nicol Andrew , Millar Gavin , Sharland Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The media were nervous when the Human Rights Bill was being debated in Parliament. They feared that it would lead to the introduction of a law of privacy into English law. The source of their worry was Article 8 which provides that:
Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence.
Racial And Religious Hatred
Authors: Nicol Andrew , Millar Gavin , Sharland Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
UK statute law contains a number of provisions limiting freedom to express views and ideas which involve race hatred. These are discussed below. In the remainder of this chapter we consider how and why the ECHR allows governments to adopt such measures, notwithstanding the right to freedom of expression in Article 10(1). We also consider how the European Court has approached the difficult issues which arise when the media report the views and activities of racists in the public interest.
Reporting On Elections And Parliament
Authors: Nicol Andrew , Millar Gavin , Sharland Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Until the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act (PPERA) 2000, many of the most familiar features of modern elections were unregulated. Election law did not even recognize the existence of parties or their national campaigns and election broadcasts. All this has now changed. PPERA 2000 imposes financial and other controls on national campaigning by political parties and third parties. These changes were introduced alongside a developing European consensus that donations and expenditure should be capped, and that there should be common campaigning standards. The Electoral Commission established under Part I of PPERA 2000 oversees most aspects of our electoral process. Parties fielding candidates must register their name and emblems with the Commission, which may refuse registration on grounds of similarity with an existing party, obscenity, or offensiveness. Since January 2007 a party is also entitled to register up to twelve unique descriptions of itself for use on the ballot paper.
Blue-Eyed Girl? Jane Elliott’s Experiential Learning and Anti-Racism
Authors: Swan Elaine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It has become commonplace in many different academic disciplines to suggest that ‘experience’ is socially and culturally mediated. Thus, it is argued that our recalling of experience does not provide us with neutral access to ‘raw’ reality and to authentic selfhood. Given that experience isn’t what it used to be, what does this mean for the category of experience in experiential learning, pedagogies? In this Chapter I explore this question through an examination of race equality pedagogies. In particular, I discuss the ‘equivalences’ that are set up in one popular, but controversial form of race equality experiential learning, that of the ‘Blue-eyed, browneyed’ experiment of the North American primary school teacher, now consultant and public speaker, Jane Elliott, more of which later.