bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hot‐Pressing Transfer of Diffraction‐Grating Perovskite for Efficient Bifacial Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Muthukrishnan Akshaiya Padmalatha , Lee Junyeong , Kim Jun Yong , Karim Abrar , Kim Jongbok , Yoo Jeeyoung , Do Yun Seon , Jo Sungjin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCompared with monofacial solar cells, the development of bifacial solar cells has garnered considerable attention for achieving higher power output by simultaneously harvesting direct and diffused light while incurring fewer additional manufacturing costs. Perovskite light absorbers, given their outstanding optoelectronic properties, present great opportunities for fabricating bifacial solar cells. However, one of the challenges in designing bifacial perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is that they suffer from optical and electrical losses due to insufficient light absorption in the perovskite layer. In this respect, in this work, a hot‐pressing transfer process is developed to fabricate a diffraction‐grating (DG) perovskite layer to form a bifacial PSC. The constructed DG structure on the perovskite layer improved its light‐harvesting efficiency, reduced its charge recombination, and enhanced its charge extraction properties. The bifacial DG PSC achieved power conversion efficiencies of 14.01% and 10.04% for the bottom and top illuminations, respectively, resulting in a bifaciality factor of 0.71. Therefore, the newly developed hot‐pressing transfer process for fabricating DG structures on perovskite layers is a promising technique for fabricating high‐efficiency bifacial PSCs with high bifaciality factors.
Solidification of Aerial CO2‐Captured Aralkylamines in Water Triggered by Self‐Assembly Against Affinity for Formation of Reverse Lipid Bilayer
Authors: Murakami Ryo , Kawamitsu Hikari , Otsuka Risa , Tanishima Hiroto , Matsumoto Chiaki , Inagaki Fuyuhiko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is found that aralkylamines solidified even in water by absorption of aerial CO2. Despite being amphiphilic, the aralkylamines absorbed CO2 and self‐assembled against the amphiphilicity to form a reverse lipid bilayer structure and solidified. Once the solid‐liquid separation of aerial CO2‐captured amines in water is achieved, it becomes possible to select the optimum conditions for both absorption and desorption.
Dilution‐Induced Self‐Assembly PEDOT:PSS Interlayer Enables Low‐Noise Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors for High‐Contrast Imaging
Authors: Xu Congdi , Miao Kepian , Eisner Flurin , Liu Guoqiang , Feng Chuang , Su Huimin , Lan Linfeng , He Zhicai , Nelson Jenny 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPoly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiphene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used as hole transport layer in photodiodes due to its deep work function, flexibility, low cost, and commercialization potentials. However, organic photodetectors (OPDs) using commercial PEDOT:PSS (C‐PEDOT:PSS) interlayers usually suffer from high noise currents. Here, a simple dilution‐induced strategy is proposed for constructing an ultrathin self‐assembled PEDOD:PSS layer (D‐PEDOT:PSS). Dilution‐induced chain disentanglement leads to smaller grain sizes, which is beneficial to reduce defects and enhances selective charge transport. This enables the fabrication of near‐infrared PM6:Y6 organic photodetectors with three orders of magnitude lower ultra‐low dark current (<1.5×10−10 A cm−2) and one order of magnitude lower spectral‐noise density (2.1×10−14 A Hz−1/2) compared to devices using untreated PEDOT:PSS, at ‐0.1 V applied bias. With low dark current and enhanced responsivity, the shot‐noise‐limited detectivity increases by 35 times. An imaging system using OPDs as a sensing pixel has achieved high‐contrast images, demonstrating the imaging potential of the OPDs. The universality of this strategy to enhance the performance of OPDs is further demonstrated through three additional donor‐acceptor blends. This study presents a simple and effective strategy to reduce the noise current of PEDOT:PSS‐based OPDs and provides insights into the correlation between interfacial properties and the performance of OPDs.
Dynamic Tunable Chiral Plasmonic Properties via Self‐Assembly on Helical Threads
Authors: Guo Zhen , Sarkar Swagato , Liu Rongying , Zhang Ying , Sheng Qing‐Tao , Chen Guosong , König Tobias A. F. , Ye Chunhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTailorable chiral plasmonic nanostructures have attracted great interest due to their potential applications in photonics and sensing. However, there are limited straightforward fabrication routes to modulate the morphology of chiral materials with an external stimulus. Here, a helical assembly of gold nanospheres (AuNSs) is successfully obtained via self‐assembly using glycopeptide helical nanofibers as templates based on electrostatic interactions. The assembly morphology can be readily tailored from short debris to single‐/double‐ and multiple helical threads by changing pHs, resulting in well‐controlled modulation of circular dichroism (CD) in the visible range. Further, this tunable assembly and corresponding chiroptical properties are fully reversible in the pH range from 6 to 10. The electromagnetic simulation revealed how the structural geometries of AuNS helices changed the electromagnetic field propagation pattern to facilitate corresponding chiral optical properties. This approach is a unique and facilely obtained example of chiral nanomaterials with in situ tailoring morphology and chiral properties through external stimulus, demonstrating a potential application for biosensing.
Superior Effectiveness of PD‐1 Inhibitor Plus Chemotherapy versus Bevacizumab Plus Chemotherapy as First‐Line Treatment for Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer with Brain Metastases
Authors: Yu Hui , Chen Jing , Li Meichen , Zhang Baishen , Zhang Bei , Chen Likun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOptimal first‐line treatment approaches for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastases (BMs) without driver gene alterations remain unclear. Recently, some studies preliminarily have suggested that immunotherapy plus chemotherapy (ICI+Chemo) may be superior to bevacizumab plus chemotherapy (Beva+Chemo). However, no study directly compares the effectiveness of two treatment approaches for NSCLC patients with BMs without driver gene alterations. NSCLC patients are retrospectively identified with BMs lacking sensitizing mutations, and patients are divided into ICI+Chemo and Beva+Chemo groups based on the front‐line treatment approach. It is aimed to compare the efficacy for two treatments. All 155 eligible patients between March 2017 and May 2022 have been enrolled. Median intracranial progression‐free survival (iPFS) and systemic PFS (sPFS) in ICI+Chemo group are 14.4 and 12.1 months compared with those in Beva+Chemo group (10.0 and 8.4 months) (hazard ratio (HR), 0.626; P = 0.035; and HR, 0.634; P = 0.022). The PFS benefit of ICI+Chemo over Beva+Chemo is significant in those with programmed cell death‐ligand 1(PD‐L1)‐positive expression. Median overall survival (OS) is similar between the ICI+Chemo and Beva+Chemo groups (26.9 versus 23.1 months, HR, 0.790; P = 0.335). The objective response rates (ORR) are similar in both groups, and both of the regimens are well tolerated without newly reported adverse events (AEs). Sixty‐three patients (40%) received locoregional therapy for BMs including radiotherapy or surgery throughout the course of treatment. The subsequent treatment is analyzed after progression and it is found that patients who receive immunotherapy throughout the course of treatment have significantly improved OS compared with those who are naïve to immunotherapy (P < 0.001). OS is comparable in patients who receive immunotherapy compared with those who receive both immunotherapy and bevacizumab (P = 0.394). The ICI+Chemo significantly improves iPFS and sPFS for PD‐L1‐positive NSCLC patients with BMs lacking driver gene alterations. Immunotherapy provides the vital contribution to improving OS of NSCLC patients with BMs.
Plasma‐Induced 2D Electron Transport at Hetero‐Phase Titanium Oxide Interface
Authors: Yu Kehan , Li Xinglong , Zhao Haoyu , Ma Chen , Wang Zhongyue , Lv Peng , Hu Ertao , Zheng Jiajin , Wei Wei , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInterfaces of metal oxide heterojunctions display a variety of intriguing physical properties that enable novel applications in spintronics, quantum information, neuromorphic computing, and high‐temperature superconductivity. One such LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) heterojunction hosts a 2D electron liquid (2DEL) presenting remarkable 2D superconductivity and magnetism. However, these remarkable properties emerge only at very low temperatures, while the heterostructure fabrication is challenging even at the laboratory scale, thus impeding practical applications. Here, a novel plasma‐enabled fabrication concept is presented to develop the TiO2/Ti3O4 hetero‐phase bilayer with a 2DEL that exhibits features of a weakly localized Fermi liquid even at room temperature. The hetero‐phase bilayer is fabricated by applying a rapid plasma‐induced phase transition that transforms a specific portion of anatase TiO2 thin film into vacancy‐prone Ti3O4 in seconds. The underlying mechanism relies on the screening effect of the achieved high‐density electron liquid that suppresses the electron‐phonon interactions. The achieved “adiabatic” electron transport in the hetero‐phase bilayer offers strong potential for low‐loss electric or plasmonic circuits and hot electron harvesting and utilization. These findings open new horizons for fabricating diverse multifunctional metal oxide heterostructures as an innovative platform for emerging clean energy, integrated photonics, spintronics, and quantum information technologies.
Transdermal Transfersome Nanogels Control Hypertrophic Scar Formation via Synergy of Macrophage Phenotype‐Switching and Anti‐Fibrosis Effect
Authors: Chen Yunsheng , Chen Kun , Zhong Shan , Wang Jiaqiang , Yu Zhixi , Sun Xiyang , Wang Yue , Liu Yan , Zhang Zheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHypertrophic scar (HS), which results from prolonged inflammation and excessive fibrosis in re‐epithelialized wounds, is one of the most common clinical challenges. Consequently, sophisticated transdermal transfersome nanogels (TA/Fu‐TS) are prepared to control HS formation by synergistically inhibiting inflammation and suppressing fibrosis. TA/Fu‐TSs have unique structures comprising hydrophobic triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in lipid multilayers and hydrophilic 5‐fluorouracil in aqueous cores, and perform satisfactorily with regard to transdermal co‐delivery to macrophages and HS fibroblasts in emerging HS tissues. According to the in vitro/vivo results, TA/Fu‐TSs not only promote macrophage phenotype‐switching to inhibit inflammation by interleukin‐related pathways, but also suppress fibrosis to remodel extracellular matrix by collagen‐related pathways. Therefore, TA/Fu‐TSs overcome prolonged inflammation and excessive fibrosis in emerging HS tissues, and provide an effective therapeutic strategy for controlling HS formation via their synergy of macrophage phenotype‐switching and anti‐fibrosis effect.
Strain Regulation and Defect Passivation of FA‐Based Perovskite Materials for Highly Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Linfeng , Luo Guohui , Zhang Weihao , Yao Yuxin , Ren Penghui , Geng Xiuhong , Zhang Yi , Wu Xiaoping , Xu Lingbo , Lin Ping , Yu Xuegong , Wang Peng , Cui Can 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFormamidine lead triiodide (FAPbI3) perovskites have attracted increasing interest for photovoltaics attributed to the optimal bandgap, high thermal stability, and the record power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the materials still face several key challenges, such as phase transition, lattice defects, and ion migration. Therefore, external ions (e.g., cesium ions (Cs+)) are usually introduced to promote the crystallization and enhance the phase stability. Nevertheless, the doping of Cs+ into the A‐site easily leads to lattice compressive strain and the formation of pinholes. Herein, trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) is introduced into the precursor to provide tensile strain outside the perovskite lattice through intermolecular forces. The special strain compensation strategy further improves the crystallization of perovskite and inhibits the ion migration. Moreover, the TOPO molecule significantly passivates grain boundaries and undercoordinated Pb2+ defects via the forming of P═O─Pb bond. As a result, the target solar cell devices with the synergistic effect of Cs+ and TOPO additives have achieved a significantly improved PCE of 22.71% and a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.16 V (voltage deficit of 0.36 V), with superior stability under light exposure, heat, or humidity conditions.
Aryl‐Modified Pentamethyl Cyanine Dyes at the C2’ Position: A Tunable Platform for Activatable Photosensitizers
Authors: Han Fuping , Abbas Abedi Syed Ali , He Shan , Zhang Han , Long Saran , Zhou Xiao , Chanmungkalakul Supphachok , Ma He , Sun Wen , Liu Xiaogang , Du Jianjun , Fan Jiangli , Peng Xiaojun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPentamethyl cyanine dyes are promising fluorophores for fluorescence sensing and imaging. However, advanced biomedical applications require enhanced control of their excited‐state properties. Herein, a synthetic approach for attaching aryl substituents at the C2’ position of the thio‐pentamethine cyanine (TCy5) dye structure is reported for the first time. C2’‐aryl substitution enables the regulation of both the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanisms to be regulated in the excited state. Modulation of these mechanisms allows the design of a nitroreductase‐activatable TCy5 fluorophore for hypoxic tumor photodynamic therapy and fluorescence imaging. These C2’‐aryl TCy5 dyes provide a tunable platform for engineering cyanine dyes tailored to sophisticated biological applications, such as photodynamic therapy.
Atomically Dispersed ZnN4 Sites Anchored on P‐Functionalized Carbon with Hierarchically Ordered Porous Structures for Boosted Electroreduction of CO2
Authors: Hu Chenghong , Yao Wen , Yang Xianfeng , Shen Kui , Chen Liyu , Li Yingwei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTuning the coordination structures of metal sites is intensively studied to improve the performances of single‐atom site catalysts (SASC). However, the pore structure of SASC, which is highly related to the accessibility of active sites, has received little attention. In this work, single‐atom ZnN4 sites embedded in P‐functionalized carbon with hollow‐wall and 3D ordered macroporous structure (denoted as H‐3DOM‐ZnN4/P‐C) are constructed. The creation of hollow walls in ordered macroporous structures can largely increase the external surface area to expose more active sites. The introduction of adjacent P atoms can optimize the electronic structure of ZnN4 sites through long‐rang regulation to enhance the intrinsic activity and selectivity. In the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction, H‐3DOM‐ZnN4/P‐C exhibits high CO Faradaic efficiency over 90% in a wide potential window (500 mV) and a large turnover frequency up to 7.8 × 104 h−1 at −1.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, much higher than its counterparts without the hierarchically ordered structure or P‐functionalization.
Spin‐Polarized Surface Capacitance Effects Enable Fe3O4 Anode Superior Wide Operation‐Temperature Sodium Storage
Authors: Li Zhenwei , Han Meisheng , Yu Peilun , Yu Jie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFe3O4 is widely investigated as an anode for ambient sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), but its electrochemical properties in the wide operation‐temperature range have rarely been studied. Herein, the Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which are well encapsulated by carbon nanolayers, are uniformly dispersed on the graphene basal plane (named Fe3O4/C@G) to be used as the anode for SIBs. The existence of graphene can reduce the size of Fe3O4/C nanoparticles from 150 to 80 nm and greatly boost charge transport capability of electrode, resulting in an obvious size decrease of superparamagnetic Fe nanoparticles generated from the conversion reaction from 5 to 2 nm. Importantly, the ultra‐small superparamagnetic Fe nanoparticles (≈2 nm) can induce a strong spin‐polarized surface capacitance effect at operating temperatures ranging from −40 to 60 °C, thus achieving highly efficient Na‐ion transport and storage in a wide operation‐temperature range. Consequently, the Fe3O4/C@G anode shows high capacity, excellent fast‐charging capability, and cycling stability ranging from −40 to 60 °C in half/full cells. This work demonstrates the viability of Fe3O4 as anode for wide operation‐temperature SIBs and reveals that spin‐polarized surface capacitance effects can promote Na‐ion storage over a wide operation temperature range.
Boosting Energy Storage Performance of Glass Ceramics via Modulating Defect Formation During Crystallization
Authors: Shang Fei , Wei Juwen , Xu Jiwen , Zhang Haibo , Xia Yang , Zhu Guisheng , Jiang Kunpeng , Chen Guohua , Ye Zuoguang , Xu Huarui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlong with the demand for further miniaturization of high and pulsed power devices, it becomes more and more important to realize ultrahigh recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) with high energy storage efficiency (η) and ultrahigh discharge energy storage density (Wd) accompanied by high power density (Pd) in dielectrics. To date, it remains, however, a big challenge to achieve high Wrec or Wd in glass ceramics compared to other dielectric energy storage materials. Herein, a strategy of defect formation modulation is applied to form “amorphous‐disordered‐ordered” microstructure in BaTiO3‐based glass ceramics so as to achieve a high Wrec of 12.04 J cm−3 with a high η of 81.1% and an ultrahigh Wd of 11.98 J cm−3 with a superb Pd of 973 MW cm−3. This work demonstrates a feasible route to obtain glass ceramics with an outstanding energy storage performance and proves the enormous potential of glass ceramics in high and pulsed power applications.
2,4‐Dihydroxybenzoic Acid, a Novel SA Derivative, Controls Plant Immunity via UGT95B17‐Mediated Glucosylation: A Case Study in Camellia Sinensis
Authors: Lu Mengqian , Zhao Yifan , Feng Yingying , Tang Xiaoyan , Zhao Wei , Yu Keke , Pan Yuting , Wang Qiang , Cui Jilai , Zhang Mengting , Jin Jieyang , Wang Jingming , Zhao Mingyue , Schwab Wilfried , Song Chuankui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) plays critical roles in plant innate immunity. Several SA derivatives and associated modification are identified, whereas the range and modes of action of SA‐related metabolites remain elusive. Here, the study discovered 2,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,4‐DHBA) and its glycosylated form as native SA derivatives in plants whose accumulation is largely induced by SA application and Ps. camelliae‐sinensis (Pcs) infection. CsSH1, a 4/5‐hydroxylase, catalyzes the hydroxylation of SA to 2,4‐DHBA, and UDP‐glucosyltransferase UGT95B17 catalyzes the formation of 2,4‐DHBA glucoside. Down‐regulation reduced the accumulation of 2,4‐DHBA glucosides and enhanced the sensitivity of tea plants to Pcs. Conversely, overexpression of UGT95B17 increased plant disease resistance. The exogenous application of 2,4‐DHBA and 2,5‐DHBA, as well as the accumulation of DHBA and plant resistance comparison, indicate that 2,4‐DHBA functions as a potentially bioactive molecule and is stored mainly as a glucose conjugate in tea plants, differs from the mechanism described in Arabidopsis. When 2,4‐DHBA is applied exogenously, UGT95B17‐silenced tea plants accumulated more 2,4‐DHBA than SA and showed induced resistance to Pcs infection. These results indicate that 2,4‐DHBA glucosylation positively regulates disease resistance and highlight the role of 2,4‐DHBA as potentially bioactive molecule in the establishment of basal resistance in tea plants.
Anti‐Acidification and Immune Regulation by Nano‐Ceria‐Loaded Mg–Al Layered Double Hydroxide for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy
Authors: Fu Hao , Guo Yuedong , Fang Wenming , Wang Jiaxing , Hu Ping , Shi Jianlin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease featuring an abnormal immune microenvironment and resultant accumulation of hydrogen ions (H+) produced by activated osteoclasts (OCs). Currently, clinic RA therapy can hardly achieve sustained or efficient therapeutic outcomes due to the failures in generating sufficient immune modulation and manipulating the accumulation of H+ that deteriorates bone damage. Herein, a highly effective immune modulatory nanocatalytic platform, nanoceria‐loaded magnesium aluminum layered double hydroxide (LDH‐CeO2), is proposed for enhanced immune modulation based on acid neutralization and metal ion inherent bioactivity. Specifically, the mild alkaline LDH initiates significant M2 repolarization of macrophages triggered by the elevated antioxidation effect of CeO2 via neutralizing excessive H+ in RA microenvironment, thus resulting in the efficient recruitment of regulatory T cell (Treg) and suppressions on T helper 17 cell (Th 17) and plasma cells. Moreover, the osteogenic activity is stimulated by the Mg ion released from LDH, thereby promoting the damaged bone healing. The encouraging therapeutic outcomes in adjuvant‐induced RA model mice demonstrate the high feasibility of such a therapeutic concept, which provides a novel and efficient RA therapeutic modality by the immune modulatory and bone‐repairing effects of inorganic nanocatalytic material.
Phenology, gas exchange, biomass accumulation, and irrigated rice yield under alternative irrigation managements
Authors: dos Santos Marcos Paulo , Heinemann Alexandre Bryan , Stone Luís Fernando , da Silva Mellissa Ananias Soler , Lanna Anna Cristina , dos Santos Alberto Baêta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn Brazil, rice production is predominantly concentrated in the South region, employing a continuous flood irrigation system throughout the crop cycle. However, this irrigation management strategy in the tropical region contributes to low water‐use efficiency owing to adverse climatic conditions. Furthermore, with climate change projections indicating reduced water availability, the study aims to investigate the impact of alternative irrigation management strategies on the phenological development, gas exchange, biomass accumulation, and productivity of tropical irrigated rice. Three alternative irrigation management approaches—intermittent flood irrigation with aeration (IFA), intermittent flood irrigation throughout the growth cycle (IFC), and intermittent flooding up to the flowering stage (IFF)—were compared with the traditional continuous flood irrigation throughout the growth cycle. Phenological data, gas exchange, growth, and productivity dynamics were subject to analysis, providing overarching insights into management practices. Notably, irrigation management exhibited no influence on the vegetative phase of the crop. The implementation of intermittent flood irrigation facilitated a reduction in water supply without compromising the physiological performance of tropical irrigated rice. Strategies promoting judicious water utilization, such as IFA and IFC, can be readily integrated into the cultivation of tropical irrigated rice without detriment to grain yield or harvest index.