bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and distribution of injuries associated with e-scooter use: a radiological perspective
Authors: Bentham Michael J , Christopher Holly W , Borchert Robin J , Thavakumar Arthikkaa , Riede Philipp , Sadler Timothy J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate electric scooter (e-scooter)-associated radiological injury incidence and distribution of injuries.

Methods
Retrospective cross-sectional study of radiological examinations related to e-scooter injuries at a major trauma centre in a small university city. The hospital radiology information system was searched for terms related to e-scooters between January 1, 2015, and October 31, 2022. E-scooter use was confirmed by review of the patients’ electronic medical records. Specific injuries were divided based on site of injury using the Injury Severity Scale categorized groups.

Results
A total of 568 radiological studies related to e-scooter injuries were identified on 340 distinct patients (56% male, with an average age of 28 years). Peak incidence of e-scooter-related injuries was seen in the summer months, after a local scooter sharing system was introduced in October 2020. A total of 149 patients had radiologically diagnosed injuries, with extremity injuries being most frequent (80%). Facial (8%), head/neck (8%), and thorax/abdomen (4%) were less common. Radial head fractures were the most common injury (n = 27). Thirteen patients had multiple sites of injury, four of which had both upper limb and facial bone fractures described.

Conclusions
We report a significant increase in radiological investigations and injuries in the context of e-scooter injuries, particularly since the introduction of an e-scooter sharing scheme. This study informs radiologists on common locations of injuries when reporting studies of patients that have had e-scooter-related injuries.

Advances in knowledge
This is the first UK-based study providing a comprehensive radiological perspective of the impact of e-scooter use and associated distribution of injuries, adding important data for many cities that are currently undertaking review of their e-scooter sharing schemes.
The value of multimodal ultrasonography in the evaluation of late presenting testicular torsion in a rat experimental model
Authors: Herek Duygu , Çakmak Vefa , Çomut Erdem , Herek Özkan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the value of multimodal ultrasonography (US) in a rat experimental torsion model after 6 h of torsion with different degrees.

Methods
Twenty-one male rats were divided into three groups. Left testes of the rats were twisted around their vascular pedicle 360 degrees in group 1, 720 degrees in group 2, and 1080 degrees in group 3 and intact right testes of the rats were accepted as control group. Grey-scale US, superb microvascular imaging (SMI), colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS), strain elastography (SE), and two-dimensional (2-D) shear wave elastography (SWE) examinations were applied 6 h after torsion procedure and testes were removed for pathological evaluation.

Results
Short-axis dimensions and volumes of the torsion side were higher than control testes. Lengths of the testes in the 3rd torsion group were smaller than the testes in groups 1 and 2 (P &lt; 0.002). SMI was better than CDUS in recognizing blood flow in testicular tissue. Strain ratios were higher in group 1 and decreased with the increasing torsion degree. Emean and standard deviation (SD) measurements increased in the torsion side. Pathologically the mean testicular damage scores were statistically significant between torsion and control testes in all groups.

Conclusion
Our results showed that short-axis and volume measurements, SMI, 2D-SWE, and SE are effective in the evaluation and diagnosis of testicular torsion (TT).

Advances in knowledge
Evaluation of affected testis and intact testis with multiparametric US in late presenting TT cases is more reliable than being dependent on a single sonographic modality.
A nomogram for predicting prognosis in patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation based on deep learning–derived spleen volume-to-platelet ratio
Authors: Cai Weimin , Lin Xinran , Guo Yu , Lin Xiuqing , Chen Chao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of our study was to develop a nomogram to predict post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) survival in patients with cirrhosis based on CT images.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included patients who had received TIPS operation at the Wenzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital between November 2013 and April 2017. To predict prognosis, a nomogram and Web-based probability were developed to assess the overall survival (OS) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years based on multivariate analyses. With deep learning algorithm, the automated measurement of liver and spleen volumes can be realized. We assessed the predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomogram using the concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results
Age, total bilirubin, and spleen volume-to-platelet ratio (SVPR) were identified as the independent risk factors for OS. The nomogram was constructed based on the above risk factors. The C-index (0.80, 0.74, 0.70), ROC curve (area under curve: 0.828, 0.761, 0.729), calibration curve, and DCA showed that nomogram good at predictive value, stability, and clinical benefit in the prediction of 1-, 3-, 5-year OS in patients with TIPS creation.

Conclusions
We constructed a nomogram for predicting prognosis in patients with TIPS creation based on risk factors. The nomogram can help clinicians in identifying patients with poor prognosis, eventually facilitating earlier treatment and selecting suitable patients before TIPS.

Advances in knowledge
This study developed the first nomogram based on SVPR to predict the prognosis of patients treated with TIPS. The nomogram could help clinician in non-invasive decision-making.
Changing Gears and Buying Time: A Study Exploring AMHP Practice Following Referral for a Mental Health Act Assessment in England and Wales
Authors: Simpson Matthew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The role of the Approved Mental Health Professional (AMHP) under the Mental Health Act (MHA) 1983 in England and Wales is to respond to referrals for psychiatric detention and make an application for detention where they consider this necessary. This article reports the findings of my doctoral study into AMHP decision-making at the point of referral for an MHA assessment. The strengths-based methodology of Appreciative Inquiry was adopted, positioned in a social constructionist paradigm. Nine AMHPs working for one Local Authority participated in the study, including myself as an insider researcher. During four one-day workshops over five months participants defined their best practice, analysing emerging data together within the workshops using nominal group technique. Service developments included the creation of a triage role and a bespoke report to prioritise this decision within the service, opening avenues to change gears and buy time for a more thorough assessment at this point, and promoting greater collaboration with those referred. A multi-agency approach to searching for less restrictive options was advocated within an assessment pathway. The results of this study offer a research insight into this important area of practice, offering an evidence base to inform practice and policy developments.
Vapor-phase deoxydehydration of 2,3-butanediol to 2-butene over MoO3/SiO2 catalyst
Authors: Kurniawan Enggah , Sannodo Naoya , Negishi Yui , Kobayashi Hirokazu , Yamada Yasuhiro , Sato Satoshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The deoxydehydration (DODH) of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) to butene isomers proceeded over silica-supported molybdenum oxide (MoO3/SiO2) catalyst without any external reductants. In the DODH of 2,3-BDO over MoO3/SiO2 catalyst, cis- and trans-2-butene were produced with negligible 1-butene. The MoO3/SiO2 catalyst was inefficient for the hydrogenation of butanone and the dehydrogenation of 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, suggesting that the production of butenes did not proceed via the dehydration of 2-butanol. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy calculations by density functional theory suggest that the condensation of 2,3-BDO to form Mo(VI) diolate species initiates the DODH of 2,3-BDO. The C–C cleavage of diolate species produces acetaldehyde and Mo(IV). The coordination of 2,3-BDO to Mo(IV) leads to the parallel formation of an alkoxide and diolate species. The alkoxide produces 2-butene via 2-hydroxybutyl radical and Mo(V), while diolate generates only cis-2-butene via concerted scission of (C–O)2Mo(IV) bonds.
Role of conformational entropy in low melting point of ionic liquids: a molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Sumida Hiroki , Kimura Yoshifumi , Endo Takatsugu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are liquid salts which have very low melting points among the salts. To understand the contribution of conformational entropy (Sconf) to the low melting points of ILs, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([Cnmim][NTf2] where n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) were performed in liquid and gas states. The increase in Sconf with increasing alkyl chain length corresponded to an increase in fusion entropy (ΔfusS), suggesting that the other entropic contributions such as kinetic and configurational entropies depend negligibly on the alkyl chain length. Comparing the same cation, Sconf in the liquid state with a long alkyl chain was slightly smaller than that in the gas state because the trans conformers of the cation were favored in the liquid state. The trans conformers of the cations in the liquid state were stabilized by the van der Waals and Coulomb interactions. Meanwhile, populations of the trans conformer for the anion in the gas and liquid state were almost the same.
Supramolecular polymerization behavior of a ditopic self-folding biscavitand
Authors: Fujimoto Haruna , Hirao Takehiro , Haino Takeharu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Reported herein is the supramolecular polymerization of a mixture of a feet-to-feet connected biscavitand and a homoditopic quinuclidinium guest that is regulated by cooperativity in the host–guest association. Diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) was used to evaluate the supramolecular polymerization in toluene, CHCl3, and tetrahydrofuran (THF). Upon concentrating the solutions of the biscavitand with the quinuclidinium guest in CHCl3 and THF, the diffusion coefficient (D) values were meaningfully decreased, indicating that the host–guest complexation facilitated supramolecular polymerization. In contrast, the slight change of the D value in toluene suggests that supramolecular polymerization was suppressed, although the binding constant (K) between the cavitand and quinuclidinium guest was reported to be 105 L mol−1 in toluene. The viscosity measurements showed both the critical polymerization concentration (CPC) and entangled concentration (Ce) upon concentrating the CHCl3 solution of the mixture. Neither the CPC nor Ce was seen in the toluene solution of the mixture. Accordingly, the strong negative cooperativity in the 1:2 host–guest complexation of the biscavitand discouraged the supramolecular polymerization in toluene. These findings are valuable in deepening the understanding of host–guest association-driven supramolecular polymerization behaviors regulated by a combination of cooperativity and K value in solution.
Controlling the photochromism of N-salicylideneaniline by mixed crystal formation
Authors: Sugiyama Haruki , Yoshida Itsuki , Johmoto Kohei , Ishimoto Yurie , Sekine Akiko , Uekusa Hidehiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The photochromic properties of N-salicylideneaniline (SA) are closely related to its molecular conformation. In this study, we demonstrated that the photochromic expression of SA crystals can be switched by precisely controlling the molecular conformation by embedding SA in template crystals of nonphotochromic benzylidene-4-aniline derivatives with various conformations.
Recent progress on solid-state cross-polarization (CP)/magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR measurements: a tool for investigating structural changes in stimuli-responsive organic compounds
Authors: Yamanoi Yoshinori , Hattori Mineyuki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Over the years, cross-polarization/magic angle sample spinning (CP/MAS) NMR has proven to be valuable for obtaining detailed structural information in solid-state materials. A notable advantage of this technique is that it does not require a well-organized arrangement in the sample such as single crystals. Consequently, even materials with low crystallinity such as amorphous substances can be analyzed to obtain structural information.
In recent years, research on externally stimuli-responsive molecules utilizing crystal phase transitions has attracted attention. Certain aryl disilane and oligosilane compounds exhibit external stimulus responsiveness even in the crystalline state due to the hindered rotation of the Si–Si σ bond and sparse crystal packing. Understanding the structural alternations linked to changes in physical properties is crucial for investigation of the responsiveness. High-resolution CP/MAS NMR spectra are particularly suitable for analyzing crystalline polymorphs, crystal phase transitions, and solid-state conformations.
In this report, we present the results of natural abundance 13C, 29Si, and 15N CP/MAS NMR experiments conducted on externally stimuli-responsive disilane-bridged molecules. These measurements provide information on the structure before and after crystal phase transitions, as well as the amorphous state. A comprehensive analysis of our findings is essential for elucidating alternations in the structure and arrangement of crystalline materials under external stimuli.
Vapor-phase dehydrogenation of 3-methyl-2-butanol over silica-supported Cu-catalyst prepared by mannitol-assisted impregnation
Authors: Sato Koki , Kurniawan Enggah , Sasaki Shun , Matsusaka Kenta , Yamada Yasuhiro , Sato Satoshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Silica-supported Cu (Cu/SiO2) prepared by using an organic additive-assisted impregnation method was employed as a catalyst for the dehydrogenation of 3-methyl-2-butanol (3M2BO) to 3-methyl-2-butanone (methyl isopropyl ketone, MIPK). The utilization of organic additives, especially mannitol, during the impregnation protocol has led to the generation of a Cu/SiO2 catalyst containing highly dispersed Cu nanoparticles, i.e. high Cu surface area (SACu). These properties contributed to the high activity of the mannitol-assisted Cu/SiO2 catalyst, in which the activity was limited only by the equilibrium nature of the reaction. The proportional relationship between the formation rate of the MIPK with the SACu confirmed the benefits of the utilization of organic additives. In addition, the improvement in the SACu of Cu/SiO2 prepared using mannitol only gave a negligible side product originating from the dehydration of 3M2BO; thus, the equilibrium MIPK yield of 99.5% was achieved even at 300 °C.
Extension of Pt–Ag cluster units by incorporating silver salts
Authors: Yang Yiming , Horiuchi Shinnosuke , Omoto Kenichiro , Sakuda Eri , Arikawa Yasuhiro , Umakoshi Keisuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A sterically controlled Z-shaped Pt2Ag2 complex showed a metalation reaction with a Ag ion via the formation of the thermodynamically unfavorable Pt2Ag2 complex with U-shaped configuration. Multiple dative bond formation between Pt and an additional Ag ion endowed enough thermodynamic stability on the Pt2Ag3 cluster to overcome the unfavorable steric effect from bulky substituents on the ligands in the U-shaped structure. A single crystal X-ray structural analysis revealed dimerized structure of the cationic Pt2Ag3 complex units bridged by [Ag2(OTf)4]2− (OTf− = triflate anion) via strong Ag–π coordination with pyrazole moiety in the solid state. The heteropolynuclear complexes showed photoluminescence properties depending on the structure of the Pt–Ag clusters.
Chiral [1]rotaxanes with a two-fold bridge based on phenylacetylene macrocycles (PAMs): two different chiroptical properties created by 7PAM
Authors: Katoono Ryo , Asai Kota 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We describe the unique chiroptical properties of chiral [1]rotaxanes 1 and 2 based on the assembly of an achiral ring of phenylacetylene macrocycle (7PAM) and an achiral p-phenylene ethynylene rod with a two-fold bridge. In both cases, mechanical helical chirality is generated by the relative occupation of the ring and rod. Through the intramolecular transmission of the mechanical helical chirality to the bridge, we demonstrate that two different chiral conformations were present in a particular form of enantiomers in 2.
Ball-milling-induced phase transformation of CePO4:Tb3+ nanocrystals and their optical properties
Authors: Sun Yupeng , Jiang Dan , Chen Yan , Li Longfeng , Liu Mingzhu , Wang Yunjian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Polymorphic transition, as an interesting phenomenon in many fields of materials chemistry, can take place upon heating, pressure, or ion doping. Herein, we achieved hexagonal to monoclinic phase transition of Tb3+ doped CePO4 (CePO4:Tb3+) nanocrystal through a simple and convenient ball milling method, but with reduced photoluminescence. The decrease in luminescence may be due to the partial oxidation of Ce3+ to Ce4+ during the ball milling process, as well as the decrease in crystal symmetry in monoclinic phase.
Chemoselective vapor-phase hydrogenation of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one over Cu/SiO2 catalyst prepared by organic additive-assisted impregnation
Authors: Kurniawan Enggah , Matsusaka Kenta , Sato Koki , Sasaki Shun , Nakazono Kazuki , Yamada Yasuhiro , Sato Satoshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Silica-supported Cu (Cu/SiO2) catalyst prepared by using organic additive-assisted impregnation was employed for the chemoselective hydrogenation of a C=O bond in 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (1) to produce 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol (2) in a vapor phase at a temperature between 140 and 200 °C and an ambient pressure of H2 flow. The Cu was responsible for the selectivity to 2, and the organic additive increased the Cu surface area (SACu), which consecutively enhanced the performance of the Cu/SiO2 catalyst. The proportional correlation between the SACu and the formation rate of 2 further confirmed the benefits of the utilization of organic additives during the impregnation protocol.
Synthesis of three novel ɛ-Keggin-based mixed metal oxides composed of (NH4)xHy[Mo12O40M1.8–2.1] (M = In, Y, Mg) and their microporosities
Authors: Ishikawa Satoshi , Sato Naoto , Ueda Wataru 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
ɛ-Keggin-based mixed metal oxide (ɛ-MoMO) comprises a network arrangement based on an ɛ-Keggin {Mo12O40} unit and a {MO6} octahedral, forming a framework structure containing cage and channel textures such as an Faujasite (FAU)-type zeolite. In this study, we successfully synthesized 3 novel ɛ-MoMOs, namely ɛ-MoMgO, ɛ-MoYO, and ɛ-MoInO, and their physicochemical properties were investigated. All these materials showed a microporosity to adsorb CO2 of up to 33% to 42% in their crystallographically expected microporous capacity.
Influence of structural isomers of naphthalene diimides on photophysical and electrochemical properties
Authors: Yamamoto Yusei , Horioka Ami , Cui Luxia , Ishigaki Yusuke , Hoshino Yu , Ono Toshikazu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Three structural isomers of naphthalene diimides were synthesized. In all compounds, the electron-withdrawing diimide group exhibits a stable two-step reduction behavior under electrochemical conditions, and it was revealed that their reduction potentials vary significantly depending on the position of the diimide group relative to the naphthalene ring.
Study on corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of quinoline quaternary ammonium salt and l-methionine on pre-corrosion Q235 steel
Authors: Zhu Yuanqiang , Gao Lan , He Qin , Yang Lanjun , Shen Yang , Lai Nanjun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The corrosion inhibition properties and mechanisms of quinoline quaternary ammonium salt (QA) and L-methionine (LM) on pre-corroded Q235 carbon steel in 1wt% HCl solution were studied using the weight loss method and molecular simulation technology. The degree of pre-corrosion of steel will affect the corrosion inhibition performance of the corrosion inhibitor. QA and LM compete to adsorb to the iron surface to form a film, and the repulsion between the corrosion product and the film reduces the slow-release performance.
Thermo-electrocatalytic reduction of potassium bicarbonate to formate on an indium electrode
Authors: Gu Wen , Pei Yuhou , Zhong Heng , Jin Fangming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, we developed a thermo-electrochemical bicarbonate reduction (TEBR) process for the production of formate on a simple indium foil electrode. The TEBR process relies on the synergistic effect of thermochemical and electrochemical processes, which ensures the continuous redox of metals on the electrode surface. In the thermochemical environment, indium can interact with water to form InO(OH), which facilitates the absorption and hydrogenation of bicarbonate to form formate. In the electrochemical environment, the reduction of indium oxide to indium supports the maintenance of a dynamic interface of In3+/In. This study revealed that, when an indium electrode is employed in the reaction system, the Faraday efficiency and partial current density of formate can reach 86.2% and 86.5 mA cm−2, respectively, at 100 °C with a KHCO3 concentration of 3.0 mol L−1. Therefore, an indium electrode can be effectively employed for the direct reduction of bicarbonate to produce formate. This study provides an insight into the synergistic effect of thermochemical and electrochemical processes, and suggests a potential application of indium in the production of formate via a TEBR process.
Nazarov reaction triggered by active lithium salts in cyclopentyl methyl ether
Authors: Iwata Takayuki , Funatsu Shingo , Shindo Mitsuru 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we developed a lithium-activated Nazarov reaction of highly activated divinyl ketones in the presence of mixed lithium salts by combining LiClO4 with either LiOMe or LiI in cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME). This reaction produces LiOPh in the reaction mixture, exhibiting aspects of a Nazarov reaction in the presence of base. The additives LiOMe and LiI not only facilitated the dissolution of LiClO4 aggregates but also promoted the addition–elimination mechanism, thereby accelerating the reaction and preventing side reactions.
New sustainable yellow pigments in scheelite-type solid solutions: (LiLaCa)1/3MoO4−BiVO4 with high NIR reflectance as cool colorants
Authors: Sameera Saithathul Fathima , Rajesh Krishnan , Rao Padala Prabhakar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
New toxic-metal-free sustainable yellow pigments have been developed in scheelite-type solid solutions: [(Li0.33Ca0.33La0.33)xBi1−x][MoxV1−x]O4. The developed pigments show a structural transition from monoclinic to tetragonal scheelite-type structures upon the substitution of LiCaLaMoO4 into the BiVO4 system. The absorption edge is gently blue-shifted from the parent BiVO4 by widening the bandgap upon the incorporation of various metal ions such as Li, La, Ca, and Mo into the lattice, allowing different intense yellow hues to be produced. The typical pigment [(LiLaCa)0.198Bi0.8][Mo0.2V0.8]O4 showed the most vivid yellow hue with a b* value of 78.32, which is comparable to the commercial Sicopal yellow (b* = 76.9). Further, the developed toxic-metal-free pigments have high near-infrared reflectance, making them sustainable as eco-friendly cool colorants for paint and plastic formulations.