bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resource Letter EP-1 on Educational Psychology
Authors: Ivany J. W. George 
Published: August 2005

Prepared at the request of the AAPT Committee on Resource Letters.
This is one of a series of Resource Letters on different topics, intended to guide college physicists to some of the literature and other teaching aids that may help them improve course contents in specified fields of physics. No Resource Letter is meant to be exhaustive and complete; in time there may be more than one letter on some of the main subjects of interest. Comments and suggestions concerning the content and arrangement of letters as well as suggestions for future topics will be welcomed. Please send such communications to Professor Joel Gordon, Chairman, Resource Letter Committee, Department of Physics, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts.
Notation: The letter E after an item number indicates elementary level; the letter I indicates intermediate level; and the letter A indicates advanced material. An asterisk (*) indicates items particularly recommended for introductory study.
Additional copies: Available from the Executive Secretary, American Association of Physics Teachers, 335 East 45 Street, New York, N. Y. 10017. When ordering, request Resource Letter EP-1 and enclose 25 cents per copy (not in stamps), together with a self-addressed stamped envelope.
Resource Letter XR-1 on X Rays
Authors: Muldawer Leonard 
Published: August 2005

Prepared at the request of the AAPT Committee on Resource Letters; supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation.
This is one of a series of Resource Letters on different topics, intended to guide college physicists to some of the literature and other teaching aids that may help them improve course contents in specified fields of physics. No Resource Letter is meant to be exhaustive and complete; in time there may be more than one letter on some of the main subjects of interest. Comments and suggestions concerning the content and arrangement of letters as well as suggestions for future topics will be welcomed. Please send such communications to Professor Joel Gordon, Chairman, Resource Letter Committee, Department of Physics, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts
Notation: The letter E after an item number indicates elementary level, useful principally for high school and introductory college use; the letter I indicates intermediate (junior, senior) level; and the letter A indicates advanced material, principally suited for senior, graduate study. An asterisk (*) indicates items particularly recommended for introductory study.
Additional copies: Available from American Institute of Physics, 335 East 45 Street, New York, New York 10017. When ordering, request Resource Letter XR-1 and enclose a stamped return envelope.
Resource Letter TLA-1 on Technology, Literature, and Art since World War II
Authors: Davenport William H. 
Published: August 2005

Prepared at the request of the AAPT Committee on Resource Letters.
This is one of a series of Resource Letters on different topics, intended to guide college physicists to some of the literature and other teaching aids that may help them improve course contents in specified fields of physics. No Resource Letter is meant to be exhaustive and complete; in time there may be more than one letter on some of the main subjects of interest. Comments and suggestions concerning the content and arrangement of letters as well as suggestions for future topics will be welcomed. Please send such communications to Professor Joel Gordon, Chairman, Resource Letter Committee, Department of Physics, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002.
Additional copies: Available from the Executive Secretary, American Association of Physics Teachers, 335 East 45 Street, New York, N. Y. 10017. When ordering, request Resource Letter TLA-1 and enclose 25 cents per copy (not in stamps), together with a self-addressed stamped envelope.
Resource Letter IQM-1 on the Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Dewitt Bryce S. , Graham R. Neill 
Published: August 2005

Prepared at the request of the AAPT Committee on Resource Letters. This is one of a series of Resource Letters on various topics, intended to guide college physicists to literature and other teaching aids that may help them improve course content in specified fields of physics. No Resource Letter is meant to be exhaustive and complete. In time, there may be more than one letter on some of the main subjects of interest. Comments and suggestions concerning the content and arrangement of letters as well as suggestions for future topics will be welcomed and should be addressed to Professor Joel E. Gordon, Chairman, AAPT Committee on Resource Letters, Department of Physics, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. 01002.
Notation: The letterEafter an item indicates elementary level, useful principally for high school and introductory college use; the letter I indicates intermediate (junior, senior) level; and the letter A indicates advanced material, principally suited for senior, graduate level. An asterisk (*) indicates items particularly recommended for introductory study.
Recent Advances in Physics
Authors: Park David 
Published: August 2005

During the last two decades it has become virtually impossible even for a conscientious research physicist or physics teacher to study enough original papers in the literature to keep him abreast of the progress of physics. Recognizing the need for readable accounts of recent developments, the American Institute of Physics published annual summary articles in the Review of Scientific Instruments and the Journal of Applied Physics covering the period from the mid-thirties to the mid-forties, the last one being written by Philip Morrison. Since then, the need for a continuation of this type of writing and publication has become increasingly apparent to the American Association of Physics Teachers, whose Executive Committee, in January, 1957, authorized the Editor of the American Journal of Physics to commission an article on recent advances in physics designed for the general reader. Here it is, by David Park, Associate Professor, Williams College. He has intentionally designed different portions of his article to appeal to readers within a wide range of background knowledge.
The Journal hopes to be able to continue this service to its readers. Since the Editor's and author's judgments of what is needed are fallible, they welcome criticism, comment, and suggestions with respect to length, coverage, selection of material and, especially, level of treatment. A review such as Professor Park has written is of necessity a long time in preparation; hence, readers should send their opinions to the Editor without delay.
It's About Time:Mark Twain's “My Watch” and Relativity
Authors: Henderson Hugh 
Published: August 2005

Over three decades before Einstein's year of miracles, the American humorist Mark Twain published an essay titled “My Watch,”1 in which he recounts his experiences with a previously reliable pocket watch and those who tried to rehabilitate it. He begins his essay by confessing his first error: My beautiful new watch had run eighteen months without losing or gaining, and without breaking any part of its machinery or stopping. I had come to believe it infallible in its judgments about the time of day, and to consider its constitution and its anatomy imperishable. But at last, one night, I let it run down. I grieved about it as if it were a recognized messenger and forerunner of calamity.
Twain then sets the watch by guess, and takes it to the “chief jeweler's to set it by the exact time.” To Twain's dismay, the jeweler insists on opening it up and adjusting the regulator inside the watch, and the watch begins to gain time. It gained faster and faster day by day. Within a week it sickened to a raging fever, and its pulse went up to a hundred and fifty in the shade. At the end of two months, it had left all the timepieces of the town far in the rear, and was a fraction over thirteen days ahead of the almanac. It was away into November enjoying the snow, while the October leaves were still turning. It hurried up house rent, bills payable, and such things, in such a ruinous way that I could not abide it.
LIOUVILLE THEORY AND LOGARITHMIC SOLUTIONS TO KNIZHNIK–ZAMOLODCHIKOV EQUATION
Authors: GIRIBET GASTÓN , SIMEONE CLAUDIO 
Published: August 2005

We study a class of solutions to the SL (2, ℝ)k Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov equation. First, logarithmic solutions which represent four-point correlation functions describing string scattering processes on three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space are discussed. These solutions satisfy the factorization ansatz and include logarithmic dependence on the SL (2, ℝ)-isospin variables. Different types of logarithmic singularities arising are classified and the interpretation of these is discussed. The logarithms found here fit into the usual pattern of the structure of four-point function of other examples of AdS/CFT correspondence. Composite states arising in the intermediate channels can be identified as the phenomena responsible for the appearance of such singularities in the four-point correlation functions. In addition, logarithmic solutions which are related to nonperturbative (finite k) effects are found. By means of the relation existing between four-point functions in Wess–Zumino–Novikov–Witten model formulated on SL (2, ℝ) and certain five-point functions in Liouville quantum conformal field theory, we show how the reflection symmetry of Liouville theory induces particular ℤ2 symmetry transformations on the WZNW correlators. This observation allows to find relations between different logarithmic solutions. This Liouville description also provides a natural explanation for the appearance of the logarithmic singularities in terms of the operator product expansion between degenerate and puncture fields.
ASSESSMENT OF MUSICAL QUALITY OF TANPURA BY FRACTAL-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
Authors: SENGUPTA R. , DEY N. , DATTA A. K. , GHOSH D. 
Published: August 2005

Tanpura is a multi-stringed accompanying drone instrument extensively used in classical music in India. The instrument is plucked by finger. We know that jitter, shimmer and complexity perturbations (CP) are found also in tanpura signals. The source of origin of these perturbations was reported to be related to some sort of nonlinearity associated with the strings and their mode of attachment. The objective of the present study is to see in what way fractal-dimensional analysis may be helpful to relate the apparent nonlinearity and also if there is any relation of these dimensions with different part of the signals like attack time, quasi-steady state and the decay. In the paper fractal dimension, D0 and generalized dimensions, D2 to D10 and their dynamic behavior over time are studied for 15 tanpuras having four strings each, tuned to Pa (5th note), Sa (tonic), Sa (tonic) and Sa′ (lower octave tonic). The obeying of power law indicates nonlinearity in the production source system. The presence of multifractality is studied through an examination of relationship between q and Dq and the functional relationship between Dqs.
'In the Mirror of the Dance': A Lucianic Metaphor in Its Performative and Ethical Contexts
Authors:   Lada-Richards
Published: August 2005

AbstractAn intriguing paragraph in Lucian's De Saltatione (Salt. 81) draws upon a hodge-podge of ethical, philosophical and performative traditions in its attempt to argue that the spectating experience of pantomime dancing equips the viewer with a marvellous instrument of self-exploration and self-revelation: seeing himself in the 'mirror' of the dancer, the bearer of the gaze illuminates himself. A symbol of extraordinary range and complexity, the mirror has multiple associations with the problems of perceiving, evaluating and knowing the self. But, while in the moralising narratives of 'high' culture the mirror-like reflective surface tends to be located in the soul of the sage or the lives of illustrious individuals, in Lucian's dialogue it is the pantomime, as opposed to the wise man, who delights and educates his audience by virtue of a body that becomes a magical kaleidoscope of individual self-reflections. The present article elucidates the ways in which Salt. 81 uses the symbol of the mirror in order to align pantomime dancing with the prestige of moralising discourse and examines the 'dancer as mirror' metaphor as the most important Graeco-Roman pedigree of the 'mirror of drama' analogy that dominates the complex theatrical optics of the Medieval and Renaissance European stages.
New Organometallic Approach to Synthesize High-quality CdSe Quantum Dots
Authors: Liu Xiaobo , Lin Yuhan , Chen Yanming , An Lijia , Ji Xiangling , Jiang Bingzheng 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
High-quality CdSe quantum dots have been synthesized through an organometallic method with cadmium methoxide as a cadmium precursor. Without any size sorting, the FWHM (full width at half-maximum) in PL spectra almost for all CdSe samples is less than 30 nm and only 22 nm from the best sample. The emission peaks with different particle size in toluene can be tuned from 478 to 654 nm corresponding to a color change from blue-green to red.
Structure of Duplex Oxide Layer in Porous Alumina Studied by 27Al MAS and MQMAS NMR
Authors: Iijima Takahiro , Kato Seiichi , Ikeda Ryuichi , Ohki Shinobu , Kido Giyuu , Tansho Masataka , Shimizu Tadashi 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
A local structure analysis using 27Al multiple-quantum magic-angle-spinning (MQMAS) and MAS NMR techniques has been performed on porous alumina fabricated by the anodic oxidation of aluminum. It is suggested that the main constituents of the inner and outer oxide layers composing porous alumina are [AlO4 and AlO5] and [AlO6], respectively, and that both of the layers adopt the amorphous structure.
FTIR Studies on Selected Mesoporous Metallosilicate Molecular Sieves
Authors: Selvaraj Manickam , Kim Byong Hoo , Lee Tai Gyu 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Different M–MCM-41 materials (M = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zr, Cu, Nb, Ce, Sn, and Mo) were synthesised and characterized and the incorporation of metal ions on the silica surface also confirmed by FTIR analysis based on their ionic sizes.
Influence of carbon dioxide laser irradiation on the morphology and function of guinea pig cochlea
Authors: Ren DongDong , Sun JingWU , Wan GuangLun , Yang Feng , Shen Fang 
Published: August 2005

Both experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that carbon dioxide laser is suitable for stapedotomy. The aim of this study was to investigate morphological, electrophysiological and functional changes in the inner ear after irradiation with CO2 laser set with different energy parameters.A cochleostomy in the basal cochlear turn of guinea pig cochleae was performed with CO2 laser of 1, 2 and 3 w, respectively. The cochleae were removed three weeks after laser irradiation. The auditory evoked brainstem response (ABR) was measured before and
after laser application and immediately before removal of the cochlea. Immunohistochemical methods were used to examine inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOSII) and heat-shock protein 70(Hsp70) concentrations in the cochlea after laser application. The organ of Corti was studied by scanning electron microscopy.Worse hearing loss was observed in animals receiving higher-power CO2 laser. These findings correlated with more intense injury of the cochlear ultrastructure and with positiveexpression of iNOS and Hsp70 in spiral ganglion cells, nerve fibres, supporting
cells of the organ of Corti and cells of the spiral ligament.The CO2 laser as a noncontact procedure is shown to be effective and safe if the total amount of energy is kept within the limits applied in this study. Nitric oxide and stressproteins play important roles in the traumatic mechanism of the inner ear, which are related tohearing loss and injury of the ultrastructure of the inner ear.
Cerebrospinal fluid otorhinorrhoea due to inner-ear malformations: clinical presentation and new perspectives in management
Authors: Tyagi Isha , Syal Rajan , Goyal Amit 
Published: August 2005

Objective: In children cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorhinorrhoea can be due to congenital inner-ear malformations. Cochlear dysplasia associated with a defect in the stapes footplate is usually the cause of the CSF leak. Repair of the CSF leak in these cases is usually done by packing the vestibule with muscle or fascia. This traditional method of repair has a 30 to 60 per cent failure rate.Material and methods: CSF otorhinorrhoea due to congenital inner-ear anomalies in four patients was repaired using multiple-layer packing of the vestibule with glue, muscle and fascia, reinforced by a pedicle temporalis muscle graft. Intra-operatively, continous lumbar drainage wasperformed.Results: Repair of the CSF leak was successful in four cases and no recurrence was noticed. Inner-ear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using three-dimensional fast-spin echo (3D
FSE) T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and 3D steady-state free precession (FIESTA) sequences was found to be a very helpful, noninvasive investigation to localize the site and route of the CSF leak.Conclusions: Children presenting with recurrent meningitis and CSF rhinorrhoea should be investigated for congenital inner-ear anomalies. In these cases CSF fistulae should be repaired using fibrin or cyanoacrylate glue and intra-operative continuous lumbar drainage; 3D FSE T2WI and 3D FIESTA MRI sequences of the inner ear are helpful.
Endoscopic repair of frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid leaks
Authors: Woodworth B A , Schlosser R J , Palmer J N 
Published: August 2005

Objective: To describe endoscopic management of frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks.Study design: Retrospective.Methods: We reviewed all frontal sinus CSF leaks treated using an endoscopic approach at ourinstitutions from 1998 to 2003. CSF leaks originated immediately adjacent to or within the frontal recess or frontal sinus proper for inclusion in the study. Data collected included demographics, presenting signs and symptoms, site and size of skull-base defect, surgical approach, repair technique, and clinical follow up.Results: Seven frontal sinus CSF leaks in six patients were repaired endoscopically. Average age of presentation was 45 years (range 25–65 years). Aetiology was idiopathic (three), congenital (one), accidental trauma (one), and surgical trauma (two). All patients presented with CSF rhinorrhea; two patients presented with meningitis. Four defects originated in the frontal recess, while two others involved the posterior table and frontal sinus outflow tract. Four patients had associated encephaloceles. We performed endoscopic repair in all six patients withone patient requiring an adjuvant osteoplastic flap without obliteration. All repairs were successful at the first attempt with a mean follow up of 13 months. All frontal sinuses remained patent on both post-operative endoscopic and radiographic exam.Conclusions: Endoscopic repair of frontal sinus CSF leaks and encephaloceles can be an effective method if meticulous attention is directed toward preservation of the frontal sinus outflow tract, thus avoiding an osteoplastic flap and obliteration. The major limiting factor for an endoscopic approach is extreme extension superiorly or laterally within the posterior table beyond the reach of current instrumentation.
Comparison of effects of dry versus wet swallowing on Eustachian tube function via a nine-step inflation/deflation test
Authors: Adali M Kemal , Uzun Cem 
Published: August 2005

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of swallowing type (dry versus wet) on the outcome of a nine-step inflation/deflation tympanometric Eustachian tubefunction (ETF) test in healthy adults.Fourteen normal healthy volunteers, between 19 and 28 years of age, were included in the study. The nine-step test was performed in two different test procedures: (1) test with dry swallows (dry test procedure) and (2) test with liquid swallows (wet test procedure). If the equilibration of middle-ear (ME) pressure was successful in all the steps of the nine-step test, ETF was considered ‘Good’. Otherwise, the test was considered ‘Poor’, and the test was repeated at a second session.In the dry test procedure, ETF was ‘Good’ in 21 ears at the first session and in 24 ears after the second session (p > 0.05). However, in the wet test procedure, ETF was ‘Good’ in 13 ears at the first session and in 21 ears after the second session (p < 0.05).At the first session, ETF was ’Good’ in 21 and 13 ears in the dry and wet test procedures, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). However, after the second session, the overall number of ears with ‘Good’ tubal function was almost the same in both test procedures (24 ears at dry test procedures versus 21 ears at wet test procedures;p > 0.05).Dry swallowing seems to be more effective for the equilibration of ME pressure.
Thus, a single-session dependent evaluation of ETF may be efficient for the dry test procedure of the nine-step test. Swallowing with water may be easier for subjects, but a repetition of the test at a second session may be necessary when the test result is ‘Poor’.
Epistaxis: Are temperature and seasonal variations true factors in incidence?
Authors: Bray D , Giddings C E B , Monnery P , Eze N , Lo S , Toma AG 
Published: August 2005

Objective: To investigate the previously documented inverse association between ambient temperature and presentation rates for patients with epistaxis and seasonal variation of emergency presentation rates for patients with epistaxis.Study design: A retrospective analysis of all consecutive emergency patients with epistaxis presenting to hospital from the community over a five-year period, 1997–2002 (1830 days), including those who required admission to hospital with epistaxis over the same period. Patients in whom there was a clear aetiology for the epistaxis (traumatic, recurrent, iatrogenic, coagulopathic and hypertensive) were excluded.Setting: A tertiary referral centre in south-west London serving a population in excess of 2.8 million.Method: A retrospective analysis of all patients presenting or admitted to St George’s Hospital with epistaxis over a five-year period. Daily ambient temperature readings from London Heathrow airport were recorded for the same period. Presentations were correlated with monthly temperature variations and the month itself. Statistical analysis with Pearson’s correlation coefficient was performed.Results: 1373 patients with epistaxis presented to our department, of whom 386 (28.1 per cent) were admitted to hospital. No correlation is seen between ambient temperature and presentation rate for patients with epistaxis. No seasonal preponderance is noted for presentation rate (Pearson r = 0.160, p = 0.221) in this series.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date examining ambient temperature association and epistaxis, and the first to investigate presentation rate in place of admission rate. We feel that the exclusion of all patients with epistaxis not admitted to hospital introduces a bias. In this series, there is no correlation between ambient temperature, seasonal preponderance, presentation rate or admission rate for patients with epistaxis. This is contrary to previously reported findings. We do not support the view that there is a relationship between epistaxis and temperature or seasonal variation. This contradicts the current belief that incidence of epistaxis displays seasonality, and has implications for the allocation of resources for healthcare provision within ENT departments.