bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐year incidence of oral disadvantage, a measure of oral health‐related quality of life
Authors: Chavers L. Scott , Gilbert Gregg H. , Shelton Brent J. 
Published: March 2003

Abstract – Dental research has progressed from describing the burden of oral disease using traditional epidemiologic measures of incidence and prevalence, to measuring how oral disease, oral signs, and oral symptoms affect the daily activities and the overall quality of life of the individual. However, longitudinal evaluation of these associations remains rare.Objectives: To (i) describe the 2‐year incidence and patterns of oral disadvantage; (ii) identify dimensions of oral health measures that are significant antecedents of oral disadvantage; and (iii) determine which oral health dimensions are the most strongly predictive of oral disadvantage.Methods:  The Florida Dental Care Study was a longitudinal study of oral health in diverse groups of persons who at baseline had at least one tooth and were 45 years or older. Incidence rates, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were used to describe oral disadvantage and its relation to other measures of oral health.Results:  Nearly one‐half of the participants experienced oral disadvantage at least once during 24 months of follow‐up. The strongest antecedents associated with oral disadvantage were toothache pain and chewing difficulty.Conclusions:  The incidence of oral disadvantage is substantial and consistent with the notion that oral health has a substantial impact on quality of life. Measures of oral pain and oral functional limitation were more strongly predictive of oral disadvantage than disease and tissue damage antecedents.
New insights into the applicability of T‐cell receptor γ gene rearrangement analysis in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Li Ning , Bhawan Jag 
Published: March 2003

Background: Detection of clonal T‐cell receptor (TCR) γ gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method is a marker for cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) although it can be seen in some benign dermatoses. To determine the accuracy of histologic criteria alone as well as the adjuvant diagnostic role of TCR gene rearrangement for the diagnosis of CTCL, we studied 100 patients with cutaneous T‐cell infiltrates by both histology and TCR gene rearrangement.Methods: The histologic features of the 100 patients were first reviewed by two independent dermatopathologists and their confidence in the diagnosis of CTCL was assigned one of four levels. Then the specimens were analyzed for TCR gene rearrangement either on paraffin‐embedded or fresh‐frozen tissue by PCR/denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).Results: The clonality was detected in 100% (15/15) diagnostic of, 84.6% (11/13) consistent with, 57.6% (19/33) suggestive of CTCL. In 9 cases TCR gene rearrangement was compared between formalin‐fixed and fresh specimens of the same individual, but with different degrees of histologic confidence (no lower than suggestive). In all cases fresh specimens were positive. In 5 of the cases (2‐diagnostic, 2‐consistent, 1‐suggestive) formalin‐fixed specimens were positive as well, and in 4 cases (1‐consistent, 3‐suggestive) formalin‐fixed specimens were negative. When TCR gene rearrangement was studied in eight cases on sequential biopsies from the same patient, the clonality was detected in only one or two biopsies in four cases in which the histologic confidence was low (suggestive or nondiagnostic). The TCR gene rearrangement study showed identical banding patterns in lesions from different clinical stages in most patients. However, we observed that in one case, oligoclonal‐banding pattern was seen in initial biopsy with histopathologic consistent with CTCL, while monoclonal banding pattern in more advanced lesion.Conclusions: Our data have demonstrated that TCR gene rearrangement studies by PCR/DGGE are consistently positive regardless of tissue fixation (formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded vs. fresh‐frozen tissue) and biopsy site when the histologic degree of confidence is very high (diagnostic). So, it may be of less importance as an adjuvant to histopathologic diagnosis for the cases with diagnostic CTCL histology. However, TCR gene rearrangement studies are particularly important in earlier cases with less conclusive histology, which provides strong confirmatory evidence of an evolving CTCL. In these cases, multiple biopsies may be required to establish the diagnosis and analysis of fresh tissue is suggested to increases the sensitivity. Moreover, our observation also suggested that some CTCL might not be monoclonal de novo, but oligoclonal instead.
Lymphomatoid papulosis and human herpesviruses – A PCR‐based evaluation for the presence of human herpesvirus 6, 7 and 8 and related herpesviruses
Authors: Kempf Werner , Kadin Marshall E. , Kutzner Heinz , Lord Carol L. , Burg Guenter , Letvin Norman L. , Koralnik Igor J. 
Published: March 2003

Background:Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a chronic, recurrent lymphoproliferative disorder of the skin that belongs to the group of primary cutaneous CD30‐positive T‐cell lymphomas. Ultrastructural and clinical features of LyP suggest that it has a viral etiology. Human herpesviruses have been proposed as causative cofactors for LyP because of their oncogenic potential and their association with other lymphomas.Methods: LyP skin lesions and a LyP‐derived cell line were examined for the presence of the recently discovered oncogenic human herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8) and the two T‐lymphotropic human herpesviruses 6 and 7 (HHV‐6 and HHV‐7) by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using virus‐specific oligonucleotide primers. Furthermore, a recently described method involving degenerate PCR primers was applied to detect highly conserved DNA sequences shared by a variety of herpesviruses, especially oncogenic gamma‐herpesviruses, in an attempt to identify a yet undiscovered herpesvirus associated with LyP.Results: HHV‐6 and 8 could not be found in 26 archival and 11 snap‐frozen LyP lesions and a LyP tumor cell line. HHV‐7 DNA sequences were detected in 14% (5 of 37) of LyP samples. HHV‐6 was found in 23% (3 of 13) and HHV‐7 in 8% (1 of 13) of normal skin samples from healthy individuals, respectively. Using degenerate PCR primers to amplify the highly conserved polymerase region of herpesviruses, no DNA sequences related to human herpesviruses could be detected.Conclusions: LyP is not associated with HHV‐6, HHV‐7 and HHV‐8. In addition, the studies using degenerate PCR primers do not indicate the presence of a previously undescribed human herpesvirus in LyP.
CD45RA+ immunophenotype in mycosis fungoides: clinical, histological and immunophenotypical features in 22 patients
Authors: Fierro M. T. , Novelli M. , Savoia P. , Cambieri I. , Quaglino P. , Osella‐Abate S. , Bernengo M. G. 
Published: March 2003

Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) usually characterized by a T‐helper memory phenotype (CD3+, CD4+, CD8−, CD45R0+). Aberrant phenotypes are more commonly seen in the tumor stages. CD45RA expression has so far been documented in only a few cases of CD8+ or TCRγδ+ CTCL and in some pagetoid reticulosis cases.Methods: Two hundred and fifteen MF patients were immunophenotyped in our laboratory between January 1992 and June 2000 and 22 cases of CD45RA+ MF (8.7%) were identified by immunohistochemical analysis.Results: The majority of these CD45RA+ patients (20/22) showed a patch‐plaque stage disease and an indolent clinical course, as expected in early‐stage MF. The remaining 2 patients presented with stage IIB and IVA MF, and were characterized by an aggressive clinical course, with systemic spread. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CD45RA+ neoplastic cells belonged to the memory compartment, displaying a CD62L−, CD11a+, CD29+ phenotype. Most patients showed aberrant phenotypes, with a loss of T‐cell lineage markers and expression of cytotoxic molecules or gamma‐delta chain of the T‐cell receptor.Conclusions: Our data show that CD45RA+ MF is a rare variant of CTCL and shares with the classic MF cases both the clinical features and disease course, even if it is characterized by a higher incidence of immunopathological abnormalities.
CD34 expression in desmoplastic melanoma
Authors: Hoang Mai P. , Selim M. Angelica , Bentley Rex C. , Burchette James L. , Shea Christopher R. 
Published: March 2003

Background: Primary and metastatic malignant melanoma can simulate various soft tissue tumors, including dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). Expression of CD34, a marker characteristic of DFSP, as well as other spindle cell tumors, has not been previously documented in malignant melanoma.Methods: We present here an unusual case of metastatic malignant melanoma with a strong histologic resemblance to DFSP and also CD34 expression.Results: The patient, a 72‐year‐old man with a history of an invasive malignant melanoma of the skin of the right lower abdomen, presented with a right axillary mass. Histologic sections revealed intersecting fascicles of spindle cells with nuclear pleomorphism and numerous mitotic figures, diffusely infiltrating the adipose tissue in a pattern closely simulating that seen in DFSP. In other foci, epithelioid neoplastic cells with abundant cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli, nuclear pseudoinclusions, and focal cytoplasmic melanin pigment were seen. The neoplastic spindle cells were strongly labeled by two anti‐CD34 monoclonal antibodies. Some of the spindle cells and the majority of the epithelioid neoplastic cells expressed S‐100 protein and focally tyrosinase. The tumor cells were negative for HMB‐45 and MART‐1. Melanosomes were not identified by electron microscopy.Conclusion: This case demonstrates the potential of melanoma to simulate DFSP closely, on both morphologic and immunohistochemical grounds, and confirms the utility of employing a broad panel of immunohistochemical reagents in problematic cases.
Periappendageal lichen nitidus: report of a case
Authors: Sanders Scott , Collier De Anne H. , Scott Rachelle , Wu Hong , McNutt N. Scott 
Published: March 2003

Background:  The histology of lichen nitidus has been described previously but a follicular variant has not been emphasized.Method:  We report a case of lichen nitidus with periappendageal inflammation resulting in histologic similarities to lichen striatus.Results:  This case extends the spectrum of histologic findings in lichen nitidus and shows overlap in the distribution of the inflammatory infiltrate in lichen nitidus and lichen striatus.
Absence of HHV‐8 DNA in hobnail hemangiomas
Authors: Gutzmer Ralf , Kaspari Markus , Herbst Rudolf A. , Kapp Alexander , Kiehl Peter 
Published: March 2003

Background:  Hobnail hemangioma (HH) is a rare subtype of hemangioma that shares the morphological feature of hobnail endothelia with retiform hemangioendothelioma (RHE) and has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma. Since DNA of the human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV‐8) has been detected in more than 90% of Karposi sarcomas and could recently be demonstrated in RHE, we sought to detect HHV‐8 DNA in HH.Methods and results:  DNA from 12 HH was extracted and subjected to polymerase chain reaction analysis for HHV‐8 DNA using two independent protocols with a single set of primers and a nested PCR approach, respectively. PCR amplification was performed using the LightCycler as well as using a thermocycler. HHV‐8 DNA could not be detected in HH, although each sample contained DNA adaequately preserved for PCR reactions, as determined by amplification of the beta actin gene.Conclusions:  HHV‐8 appears to play no rule in the pathogenesis of HH. Absence of HHV‐8 DNA in HH might be important in the differential diagnosis to other vascular tumours, in particular Kaposi sarcoma.
Fascin expression in CD30‐positive cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Kempf Werner , Levi Edi , Kamarashev Jivko , Kutzner Heinz , Pfeifer Walther , Petrogiannis‐Haliotis Tina , Burg Günter , Kadin Marshall E. 
Published: March 2003

Background: CD30‐positive cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) represent a spectrum of diseases ranging from low‐grade (lymphomatoid papulosis; LyP) to high‐grade (pleomorphic and anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma; PTL, ALCL) with overlapping morphologic and immunophenotypic features. The common phenotypic hallmark is the expression of CD30‐antigen by the tumor cells which morphologically resemble Reed–Sternberg cells. Although LyP is a non‐fatal recurring disorder, it is associated with systemic lymphomas including Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), mycosis fungoides (MF) and ALCL in 5–20% of the cases. Currently there is no marker to predict the development of systemic lymphomas in patients with LyP. Fascin, an actin bundling protein, has recently been shown to be a unique marker found in almost 100% of classical HL. Methods: Because of the association of LyP with HL, fascin expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in LyP (n = 45), cutaneous CD30+ ALCL (n = 17) and pleomorphic T‐cell lymphoma (n = 9) (PTL) and LyP associated with systemic lymphomas (7 HL, 2 ALCL, 1 MF), with the intent to determine if fascin expression can predict disease progression. Results: Fascin was expressed by tumor cells in 11/45 (24%) cases of LyP, 11/17 (64%) cases of ALCL, 7/9 (77%) cases of PTL and 6/10 (60%) cases of LyP associated with systemic lymphomas. Fascin expression in LyP was significantly less frequent than in ALCL (p < 0.001) and also than in LyP associated with lymphomas (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference of fascin expression within the histological subtypes of LyP. We found no evidence of ALK expression nor of Epstein–Barr virus expression in any case either by in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry in the LyP cases associated with HL. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that fascin is expressed in cutaneous CD30+ LPD and that it is a candidate marker of disease progression in LyP.
Atypical cells in human cutaneous re‐excision scars for melanoma express p75NGFR, C56/N‐CAM and GAP‐43: evidence of early Schwann cell differentiation
Authors: Trejo Octavio , Reed Jon A. , Prieto Victor G. 
Published: March 2003

Background:  A common problem in the routine examination of melanoma re‐excision scars occurs when a few or rare mildly atypical cells are present within the scar, raising the question of residual disease. Little is known about the derivation of these cells. Because the normal cutaneous wound‐healing process is reparative, we hypothesized that these atypical cells may be reactive proliferating Schwann cell precursors.Methods:  The expression of the Schwann cell differentiation markers p75NGFR, CD56/N‐CAM and GAP‐43 was examined by immunohistochemistry in scars of wide local re‐excisions for melanoma and non‐melanoma tumors. Expression of S100, gp100 (with HMB45) and MART1 was also analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Results:  All melanoma and non‐melanoma re‐excision specimens contained mildly atypical, spindled or epithelioid cells within the scar. They varied in number from case to case and expressed S100, p75NGFR, CD56/N‐CAM or GAP‐43 but not gp100 (with HMB45) or MART1. Rare epithelioid non‐melanoma cells within the superficial dermis expressed MART‐1.Conclusions: Atypical cells are present in re‐excision scars from melanoma and non‐melanoma cases. They demonstrate early Schwann cell differentiation and appear to proliferate during the scarring process. The use of anti‐MART‐1 alone in the examination of melanoma re‐excisions specimens may be inadequate as it may label rare, superficially located, non‐melanoma cells within the scar.
Cutaneous lesions showing giant yeast forms of Blastomyces dermatitidis
Authors: Walker Karen , Skelton Henry , Smith Kathleen 
Published: March 2003

Background: The yeast forms of Blastomyces dermatitidis usually range from 8 to 15–20 µm in diameter. Larger yeast forms have previously been reported only twice in immunosuppressed patients. In both patients these large forms were seen within the lung. Case report: We present a 14‐year‐old cardiac transplant patient, who presented 36 days following his transplantation with acute respiratory distress followed a few days later by erythematous cutaneous papules. Results: Biopsy of a skin lesion showed yeast forms, some greater than 40 µm in diameter, within and surrounding dermal vessels. Cultures later grew Blastomyces dermatitidis. Conclusion: To our knowledge this is the first reported case of giant forms of Blastomyces dermatitidis within the skin. With increased iatrogenic immunosuppression, we may expect to see more diverse morphologic forms with deep fungal infections.
Syringocystadenoma papilliferum contiguous to a verrucous cyst
Authors: Li Ailing , Sanusi I. Daniel , Pena Jose R. , Nopajaroonsri Charn , Kent Micheal , Smoller Bruce R. 
Published: March 2003

Background:  Syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) and verrucous cyst are two uncommon benign tumors. The simultaneous occurrence of the two lesions has not been reported before.Methods:  We report four cases of the simultaneous occurrence of the two rare lesions as so‐called collision lesions with a review of the literature.Conclusion:  The relationship of SCAP with viral infection needs further investigation.
A dental practice placement scheme: benefits for practitioners and undergraduates
Authors: Pau* A. K. H. , Croucher R. 
Published: March 2003

Objectives: To report the feedback from general dental practitioners (GDPs) and dental undergraduates who participated in a general dental practice placement scheme.Methods: Subjects All 61 students in a year made 2 to 3 full day visits, individually or in pairs, to 44 general dental practices allocated to them. Thirty four GDPs completed and returned the questionnaire, representing a response rate of 77%. Data collection Formal feedback from the students and GDPs were obtained through 6 structured seminar sessions and a postal questionnaire respectively. Analysis Sifting, indexing and charting the data according to key issues and themes.Results: All 61 students attended the feedback sessions, 34 GDPs (response rate 77%) returned the questionnaire. The two most common themes that students reported having gained insight into were personal/professional development and practice management. The common positive aspects reported by the GDPs included exposure to the General Dental Service (GDS), motivation for undergraduate training and benefits for GDPs. These benefits included encouragement for the GDPs to reflect critically on their clinical practice, focus on their practice facilities and management, and stay in touch with developments in dental education. Through their visits and assignments, students gained skills in observation, interviewing, communication, relation‐building and report writing.Conclusions: Placements of dental undergraduates in general dental practices enable students to gain insight into the GDS, develop key transferable skills and undergo professional socialisation. They are also beneficial and enjoyable for the GDPs who participated.
Haemoglobin concentrations appear to be lower in indigenous Greenlanders than in Danes: assessment of haemoglobin in 234 Greenlanders and in 2804 Danes
Authors: Milman Nils , Byg Keld‐Erik , Mulvad Gert , Pedersen Henning Sloth , Bjerregaard Peter 
Published: March 2003

Abstract: Objective: To compare haemoglobin concentrations in Greenlanders and Danes. Methods: Haemoglobin was measured in a population survey in 1993–1994 comprising 234 indigenous Greenlandic individuals (115 men) aged 19–82 yr and in Copenhagen County 1983–1984 comprising 2804 Caucasian Danes (1444 men) aged 30–60 yr. The Greenlandic participants were residents in the capital Nuuk (n=70), the town Ilulissat (n=74), and four settlements in the Uummannaq district (n=90). The significance of differences was assessed by Student's t‐test, and the ξ2‐test. Correlations were assessed by Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs). Results: Greenlanders: Haemoglobin levels were not correlated with age or consumption of traditional foods, and were not significantly different in the three residential areas. Mean haemoglobin was higher in men, 146±9.6 (SD) g/L, than in women, 132±9.6 g/L (p<0.0001). Mean haemoglobin in iron‐replete men with serum ferritin >32 µg/L (n=104) was 146±9.3 g/L, and in iron‐replete women (n=68) 133±10.4 g/L (p<0.0001). The 5th percentile for haemoglobin in iron‐replete men was 133 g/L (8.3 mmol/L) and in women 118 g/L (7.3 mmol/L). The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (i.e. ferritin <13 µg/L and Hb <5th percentile for iron‐replete men and women) was 0% in men, 2.78% in women 50 yr of age and 0% in women >50 yr of age. Danes: Mean haemoglobin in men was 154±10.0 g/L and in women 138±10.4 g/L (p<0.0001). Haemoglobin in iron‐replete men (n=1379) (i.e. serum ferritin >32 µg/L) was 154±10.7 g/L, and in iron‐replete women (n=1003) 140±9.6 g/L (p<0.0001). Mean haemoglobin was lower in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women (p<0.0001). The 5th percentile for haemoglobin in iron‐replete men was 137 g/L (8.5 mmol/L) and in women 124 g/L (7.7 mmol/L). The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (i.e. ferritin <13 µg/L and Hb <5th percentile for iron replete men and women) was 0% in men, 1.92% in women 50 yr of age and 0% in women >50 yr of age. Conclusion: Haemoglobin concentrations in Greenlanders were significantly lower than in Danes both in men (p<0.0001) and in women (p<0.0001). Δ(mean haemoglobin) in men was 8.0 g/L (0.5 mmol/L) and in women 6.2 g/L (0.4 mmol/L). Variations in haemoglobin levels may be due to genetic differences.
Distribution and frequency of β‐thalassemia mutations in northwestern and central Greece
Authors: Georgiou I. , Makis A. , Chaidos A. , Bouba I. , Hatzi E. , Kranas V. , Zilidis C. , Bourantas K. L. 
Published: March 2003

Abstract:Objectives : β‐Thalassemia is a common autosomal recessive disorder resulting from over 200 different mutations of the β‐globin genes. The spectrum of β‐thalassemia mutations in Greece has been previously described in the population of the capital city of Athens, or in β‐thalassemia patients having transfusion therapy. The aim of the present study was to identify the distribution of the most common β‐thalassemia mutations in the population of northwestern and central Greece.Methods : The data for this study were derived from a total of 1130 unrelated subjects including 46 β‐thalassemia major, three β ‐thalassemia intermedia and 1081 carriers identified in our antenatal screening program. β‐Thalassemia mutations were identified by ARMS, DGGE and Reverse Dot Blot.Results : The most common mutation, IVS‐I‐110, is followed, in order of frequency, by the mutations Cd‐39, IVS‐I‐1, IVS‐II‐1, Cd‐6, IVS‐I‐6, IVS‐I‐5, IVS‐II‐745, Cd‐5 and 44 bp del. IVS‐I‐110 and Cd‐39 frequencies are similar with those found in other Balkan countries. Significant differences in regional distribution were observed. The results showed a clear drift of the distribution of the most frequent IVS‐I‐110 mutation in the south–north (29.4, 40.0, 44.6 and 61.7%) and the east–west axis (31.8 and 44.6%).Conclusions : Population screening and prenatal diagnosis are significantly facilitated by these data. Furthermore, the detailed distribution tables of β‐thalassemia mutations are essential for counseling and extraction of genetic diversity estimates for population genetic studies in other inherited disorders.