bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Menyoal Independensi Mahkamah Konstitusi Pasca Pergantian Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat
Authors: Munir Sirajul , Aulia Rahma , Ngazizah Inna Fauziatal 
Published: February 2025

Munculnya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 96/PUU-XVIII/2020 berimplikasi pada jabatan hakim konstitusi yang jabatannya tidak berdasarkan periodisasi. Hal ini direspon oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dengan mengganti hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi yang berasal dari usulan lembaga Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Alasannya, hakim tersebut tidak sejalan dengan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat yang berkali-kali membatalkan ketentuan undang-undang yang merupakan hasil legislasi Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Situasi ini menunjukkan bahwa ada konflik kepentingan (conflict of interest) karena menganggap hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi merupakan reprensentasi lembaga pengusul yang berpotensi mengganggu independensi dan mengingkari prinsip check and balances. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan hukum, kasus dan konseptual untuk menjawab permasalah yang sedang diteliti. Penggantian hakim Mahkamah Kontsitusi dengan dasar sering membatalkan ketentuan undang-undang yang merupakan hasil legislasi Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat merupakan bentuk intervensi terhadap independensi hakim. Hal ini merupakan bentuk penyipangan terhadap tujuan awal berdirinya Mahkamakah Kontsitusi yakni penguatan sistem check and balances dengan prinsip supremasi Konstitusi. Pengisian jabatan hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi yang melibatkan tiga cabang kekuasaan tidak dimaksudkan sebagai representasi kepentingan dari ketiga cabang kekuasaan tersebut tetapi untuk menjamin imparsialitas dalam hubungan antar lembaga negara.
No three productions alike: Lexical variability, situated dynamics, and path dependence in task-based corpora
Authors: Shadrova Anna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Situated language use is influenced by a number of dynamic phenomena that introduce lexical variability and path dependence, such as fluid discourse granularity, priming, and alignment in dialogue. The empirical tradition of usage-based lexicology does not account for such variability. In fact, its primary theoretical approaches appear to presuppose high population convergence on particular lexemes in language production. This is implied in several key concepts of phraseological and constructionist models, notably entrenchment, the principle of no synonymy, and the idiom principle, as well as the dominance of the statistical paradigm in the field. In spite of its relevance for linguistic theory and corpus methodology, this assumption appears to be untested. This study provides an analysis of inter-individual lexical overlap of verbs and nouns in five task-based corpora of (mostly) German. Results indicate that speakers are maximally variable and highly divergent in their lexical use in spite of narrow communicative constraints and group homogeneity. A qualitative analysis links this variability to situational (cognitive, socio-pragmatic, and discourse-level) engagement with the task and material, which results in referential diversity, spontaneous meaning mapping, and abundant word formation. The degree of observed variability raises questions with respect to the stochastic properties and functional mechanics of entrenchment and the role of repetition of identical material, such as lexicalized chunks, in conventionalization. It further emphasizes the need for a better understanding of the distributions that underlie pooled data, without which the validity of frequential extrapolation to individual behavior and system status stands to question. This is of particular relevance to language assessment and other practices of contrastive analysis of speaker productions, e.g., in multilingualism studies.
Unlocking the potential of FeNbGe Half Heusler: stability, electronic, magnetic and thermodynamic properties
Authors: Immanuel Hannah Jeniffer , Ponniah Mahalakshmi , Balasubramanian Sudharsan , Nallamuthu Punithavelan , Sundaram Saravanan , Abay Lema Yordanos , Srinivasan M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the electronic, magnetic, mechanical, dynamical, and thermodynamical properties of novel FeNbGe half Heusler alloy by first principle calculations. The alloy’s thermodynamic and dynamic stability were verified, and it was found feasible to synthesize experimentally. The calculated elastic constants prove the mechanical stability of the material. The malleable and ductile nature of the material was confirmed through Pugh’s and Poisson’s ratios. The electronic properties were calculated using the GGA and TB-mBJ exchange-correlation potentials. The band structure in the spin-down channel reflects metallic behaviour. In contrast, the spin-up channel shows non-metallic behaviour, which infers the half-metallic property of our half-Heusler alloy, which is a desirable property for spintronic materials. The alloy displayed an indirect band gap of 1.06 eV from GGA and 1.15 eV from TB-mBJ functionals. The Heusler alloy under study with 17 valence electrons, was found to be a Ferromagnetic alloy with a total magnetic moment of −1μ

B
. The half-metallicity retaining property was studied by imposing expansive volumetric strain. The small band gap, half-metallic property, and the ferromagnetic nature of our material suggest that it can be a suitable material for spintronics applications.
Long-term excessive alcohol consumption enhances myelination in the mouse nucleus accumbens
Authors: Liran Mirit , Fischer Inbar , Elboim May , Rahamim Nofar , Gordon Tamar , Urshansky Nataly , Assaf Yaniv , Barak Boaz , Barak Segev 
Published: February 2025

Chronic excessive alcohol (ethanol) consumption induces neuroadaptations in the brain's reward system, including biochemical and structural abnormalities in white matter that are implicated in addiction phenotypes. Here, we demonstrate that long-term (12-week) voluntary ethanol consumption enhances myelination in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of female and male adult mice, as evidenced by molecular, ultrastructural, and cellular alterations. Specifically, transmission electron microscopy analysis showed increased myelin thickness in the NAc following long-term ethanol consumption, while axon diameter remained unaffected. These changes were paralleled by increased mRNA transcript levels of key transcription factors essential for oligodendrocyte differentiation, along with elevated expression of critical myelination-related genes. In addition, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) revealed increased connectivity between the NAc and the prefrontal cortex (PFC), reflected by a higher number of tracts connecting these regions. We also observed ethanol-induced effects on oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells, with a reduction in the number of mature OLs (mOLs) after 3 weeks of ethanol consumption, followed by an increase after 6 weeks. These findings suggest that ethanol alters OL development prior to increasing myelination in the NAc. Finally, chronic administration of the pro-myelination drug clemastine to mice with a history of heavy ethanol consumption further elevated ethanol intake and preference, suggesting that increased myelination may contribute to escalated drinking behavior. Together, these findings suggest that heavy ethanol consumption disrupts OL development, induces enhanced myelination in the NAc, and may drive further ethanol intake, reinforcing addictive behaviors.Significance StatementThe myelin sheath is crucial for the development, maintenance, and normal functioning of the brain. Here, we provide evidence for the involvement of myelin alterations in alcohol (ethanol)-drinking behaviors. We show that chronic ethanol intake leads to enhanced myelination in the nucleus accumbens of adult mice. Moreover, we demonstrate that increasing myelination in heavily drinking mice leads to an escalation in ethanol intake. Thus, our results suggest that ethanol affects myelination processes, which, in turn, may affect ethanol-drinking patterns. Understanding the impact of ethanol on myelination could enhance our comprehension of alcohol addiction and open new avenues for treatment.
Dynamics of pitch perception in the auditory cortex
Authors: Abrams Ellie Bean , Marantz Alec , Krementsov Isaac , Gwilliams Laura 
Published: February 2025

The ability to perceive pitch allows human listeners to experience music, recognize the identity and emotion conveyed by conversational partners, and make sense of their auditory environment. A pitch percept is formed by weighting different acoustic cues (e.g., signal fundamental frequency and inter-harmonic spacing) and contextual cues (expectation). How and when such cues are neurally encoded and integrated remains debated. In this study, twenty-eight participants (16 female) listened to tone sequences with different acoustic cues (pure tones, complex missing fundamental tones, and tones with an ambiguous mixture), placed in predictable and less predictable sequences, while magnetoencephalography was recorded. Decoding analyses revealed that pitch was encoded in neural responses to all three tone types, in the low-to-mid auditory cortex and sensorimotor cortex bilaterally, with right-hemisphere dominance. The pattern of activity generalized across cue-types, offset in time: pitch was neurally encoded earlier for harmonic tones (∼85ms) than pure tones (∼95ms). For ambiguous tones, pitch emerged significantly earlier in predictable contexts than unpredictable. The results suggest that a unified neural representation of pitch emerges by integrating independent pitch cues, and that context alters the dynamics of pitch generation when acoustic cues are ambiguous.Significance StatementPitch enables humans to enjoy music, understand the emotional intent of a conversational partner, distinguish lexical items in tonal languages, and make sense of the acoustic environment. The study of pitch has lasted over a century, with conflicting accounts of how and when the brain integrates spectrotemporal information to map different sound sources onto a single and stable pitch percept. Our results answer crucial questions about the emergence of perceptual pitch in the brain: namely, that place and temporal cues to pitch seem to be accounted for by early auditory cortex, that a common representation of perceptual pitch emerges early in the right hemisphere, and that the temporal dynamics of pitch representations are modulated by expectation.
The Evolving Cerebellar and Cerebello-cortical Functional Connectivity Architecture during Infancy
Authors: Tikoo Sankalp , Hernandez-Castillo Carlos R , Chen Haitao , Stephens Rebecca , Cornea Emil , Gilmore John H , Gao Wei 
Published: February 2025

The conventional understanding of the cerebellum as a sole movement control center has become obsolete, given its role in various higher-order functions, including cognition, emotion, and social processing. As these functions emerge during infancy, it is logical to assume that the cerebellum’s functional organization must evolve in tandem or preemptively to underpin these functions. However, the longitudinal development of the cerebellum’s functional architecture during the crucial early years of infant life remains largely unexplored, highlighting a significant research gap. In this study, leveraging a large cohort of both male and female full-term (n=155) and preterm (n=67) infants, we aimed to delineate the development of within-cerebellum and cerebello-cortical functional connections during the first two years of life. Our findings highlight comprehensive functional synchronization within the neonatal cerebellum with a striking cortical projection focus on primary sensorimotor and visual cortices. While the within-cerebellum synchronization demonstrated early emergence in neonates and developmental stability during the initial two years, the cerebello-cortical projection patterns evolved dramatically, marked by specialization, shifting, and higher-order cortex integration, providing exciting evidence of the cerebellum’s involvement in higher-order functions from infancy. Furthermore, preterm infants exhibited decreased cerebello-cortical connectivity compared to their full-term counterparts, suggesting potential developmental alterations. These findings collectively illustrate a dynamic growth pattern of cerebellar functional organization marked by both within-cerebellum stability and cerebellar-cortical projection plasticity with significant implications for long-term cognitive and socioemotional development.Significance StatementThe cerebellum is crucial for motor and higher-order cognitive and socioemotional processes. However, the role of early cerebellar development and its cortical projections in supporting these emerging functions during the first years of life remains poorly understood. Our study, based on a large cohort of full-term and preterm infants, reveals the early and stable functional organization of the cerebellar networks from birth to two years, alongside dynamic cerebello-cortical connectivity growth, reflecting both stability and developmental plasticity. We observed a dramatic shift in cerebello-cortical projections from sensorimotor to higher-order association cortices, highlighting its role in emerging higher-order functions. Moreover, diminished growth of these connections indicates possible developmental delays in preterm infants, emphasizing the cerebellum’s importance in early brain and behavioral development.
КОНТИНУАЛЬНОЕ ПОГЛОЩЕНИЕ В КРЫЛЬЯХ ВРАЩАТЕЛЬНОЙ ПОЛОСЫ CO В СМЕСИ С АРГОНОМ
Authors: РОДИМОВА О.Б. 
Published: February 2025

Поглощение моноксидом углерода при уширении его линий аргоном рассматривается на основе асимптотической теории крыльев линий. Найдены параметры контура линии, связанные с квантовым потенциалом межмолекулярного взаимодействия, описывающего поглощение в коротковолновом крыле вращательной полосы CO. Этот контур использован для расчета континуального поглощения в длинноволновом крыле вращательной полосы, приводя к согласию с экспериментом. Полученный контур может быть применен для оценки континуального поглощения СО при уширении аргоном в пределах вращательной полосы СО.
Absorption by carbon monoxide in a mixture with argon is considered on the basis of the asymptotic line wing theory. Line contour parameters, related to the quantum potential of intermolecular interaction describing absorption in the short-wavelength wing of the CO rotational band have been found. This contour is used for describing continuum absorption within the longwave wing of the CO rotational band, leading to agreement with experiment. Thus, the line contour obtained can be applied for estimation of the CO continuum absorption within the CO rotational band.
СПЕКТРАЛЬНЫЙ СОСТАВ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОЙ ТУРБУЛЕНТНОСТИ ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ТИПАХ СТРАТИФИКАЦИИ ПРИЗЕМНОГО СЛОЯ АТМОСФЕРЫ
Authors: МАРАКАСОВ Д.А. , АФАНАСЬЕВ А.Л. , ГОРДЕЕВ Е.В. 
Published: February 2025

Параметры спектральной модели мелкомасштабной турбулентности - важнейшие характеристики, используемые при описании распространения света и звука в атмосфере. Одним из определяющих факторов, которые влияют на спектральный состав турбулентности, является режим стратификации. В настоящей статье на основе результатов обработки временных рядов флуктуаций метеопараметров, регистрируемых акустическими метеостанциями, исследовано влияние стратификации в приземном слое атмосферы на отклонения спектра турбулентности от модели Колмогорова-Обухова. При сопоставлении временной динамики характеристики устойчивости (числа Монина-Обухова) и показателя степенной модели спектра флуктуаций температуры установлена значимая корреляция между ними. Предложена эмпирическая модель зависимости показателя спектра от параметра устойчивости. Модель позволяет на основе оценок величины и направления турбулентных потоков тепла и импульса судить об изменениях параметров спектральной структуры мелкомасштабной турбулентности. Полученная зависимость отражает особенности формирования температурной турбулентности при различной стратификации в приземном слое. Информация о турбулентных спектральных параметрах, полученная на основе оценки стратификации, в дальнейшем может быть использована при решении задач распространения при решении задач распространения оптического и акустического излучения, а также зондирования атмосферы.
The parameters of the spectral model of small-scale turbulence are the most important characteristics used to describe the propagation of light and sound in the atmosphere. One of the determining factors affecting the spectral composition of turbulence is the stratification regime. Based on the processing of time series of fluctuations of meteorological parameters recorded by acoustic weather stations, the effect of stratification of the surface air layer on the deviations of the turbulence spectrum from the Kolmogorov-Obukhov model is investigated. When comparing the time dynamics of the stability characteristic (Monin-Obukhov number) and the index of the power model of the spectrum of temperature fluctuations, a significant correlation between them is established. An empirical model of the dependence of the spectrum index on the stability parameter is proposed. The model makes it possible to estimate changes in the parameters of the spectral structure of small-scale turbulence based on estimates of the magnitude and direction of turbulent heat and momentum fluxes. The dependence reflects the features of generation of temperature turbulence with different stratification in the surface layer. Information on turbulent spectral parameters obtained on the basis of estimation of stratification can be further used to solve problems of propagation, of optical and acoustic as well as sounding of the atmosphere.
Визначення витрати дубових сухих обрізних пиломатеріалів на виготовлення клеєних щитів
Authors: Mayevskyy Volodymyr , Moroz Rostislav , Kopynets Serhiy , Ferents Oleh , Shchupakivskyy Roman , Myskiv Yevstakhii 
Published: February 2025

Підприємства України виготовляють клеєні щити як для реалізації на внутрішньому та зовнішньому ринках, так і для виробництва власної продукції. Встановлення виходу заготовок, виду і кількості відходів мають вагоме значення з погляду комплексного використання деревини, тому важливим є дослідження поопераційних витрат деревини на технологічних етапах виготовлення клеєних щитів.
Наведено один із варіантів технологічного процесу виготовлення з дубових сухих обрізних пиломатеріалів клеєних щитів з цільних і зрощених заготовок. Експериментальні дослідження виконано у виробничих умовах, де задіяно обладнання провідних виробників – Weinig Vertrieb und Service GmbH & Co. KG (Німеччина), Conception R.P. Inc. (Канада), Viet Italia S.r.l. (Італія) та Omga (Італія).
Під час проведення експериментальних досліджень переробляли пиломатеріали завтовшки 31 мм, завширшки 175 мм і завдовжки 2150 мм з таким розподілом за сортами: Q-FA – 3,10%, Q-F1a – 7,88%, Q-F1b – 6,86%, Q-F2 – 13,83%, Q-F3 – 68,33% від їхнього загального об’єму.
Встановлено поопераційні витрати дубових сухих обрізних пиломатеріалів на 1 м3 клеєних щитів розмірами 20×600×1200 мм; 20×700×1400 мм; 20×900×1600 мм та 20×500×2000 мм з цільних заготовок і 20×800×1800 мм та 20×750×1800 мм – зі зрощених заготовок. За досліджуваних умов, вихід клеєних щитів від об’єму сухих обрізних пиломатеріалів становить 33,65%, з них 9,84% клеєних щитів – з цільних і 23,81% – зі зрощених заготовок. Витрата дубових сухих обрізних пиломатеріалів на виготовлення клеєних щитів з цільних і зрощених заготовок за досліджуваних умов становить 2,970 м3/м3.
UCR-ELTA: Constructing a Standardized Proficiency Test for English Teachers in Costa Rica
Authors: Araya Garita Walter , Céspedes Araya Jennifer 
Published: February 2025

In this article, the most relevant principles for creating a sound assessment cycle to start building and systematizing a validity assessment argument based on the decision making processes for the design and foundation of the test called Universidad de Costa Rica - English Language Teacher Assessment (UCR-ELTA) are presented. The theoretical analysis supports the need for (1) the contextualization of a standardized test for English teachers’ language proficiency in Costa Rica, (2) the reflection on the requirements that this test must comply with, (3) the acknowledgement of the arguments in favor and against this type of testing, and (4) the description of the processes of test design, implementation, validation, and improvement; the UCR-ELTA parameters and validity of interpretation are better founded as a result. This leads to the conclusion and recognition not only of (a) the fact that this test has considerable benefits to better understand the characteristics of the proficiency level of the target population, but also of (b) the fundamental need to create an explicit and transparent assessment system which allows to foresee and attend to all those issues that might negatively affect the target population.
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of the Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated at a teaching hospital in China
Authors: Wu Zhi Cheng , Feng Hong Xin , Wu Lin , Zhang Meng , Gu Zheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe study was conducted in the microbiology laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China, from January 2019 to December 2023. A total of 316 consecutive non-duplicate isolates were collected and identified, that belonged to the Bacteroides fragilis group. Identification of the isolated strains was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of seven antibiotics was determined by agar dilution method. The presence of cfiA, ermF, and nim genes was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Correlations between the presence of resistance genes and the MIC values of antibiotics were determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient. In the identification process, 214 isolates (67.7%) were identified as B. fragilis, 52 (16.4%) as Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, 17 (5.4%) as Bacteroides ovatus, 12 (3.8%) as Bacteroides uniformis, 10 (3.2%) as Phocaeicola vulgatus (=Bacteroides vulgatus), 7 (2.2%) as Bacteroides stercoris, and 4 (1.3%) as Parabacteroides distasonis. The presence of cfiA gene moderately correlated with the MIC of imipenem and meropenem (r = 0.34 and r = 0.42, respectively), while resistance to clindamycin and the presence of ermF gene exhibited a very strong correlation (r = 0.72). In the current study, the most active antimicrobial agents against B. fragilis group bacteria were found to be meropenem, imipenem, metronidazole, and piperacillin/tazobactam; however, resistance to clindamycin renders its empirical use inappropriate.