bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Use of 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing To IdentifyMycoplasma felisandM. gateaeAssociated with Feline Ulcerative Keratitis
Authors: Gray Larry D. , Ketring Kerry L. , Tang Yi-Wei 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACTRoutine bacterial cultures of corneal scrapings from seven cats with either ulcerative feline keratitis, keratomalacia, or both yielded colonies which were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing asMycoplasma felis(six cases) andMycoplasma gateae(one case). Identification of the pathogens allowed the use of less empirical and more organism-specific therapy.
Prevalence of SCC
mec
Type IV in Nosocomial Bloodstream Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Trindade Priscila de A. , Pacheco Renata L. , Costa Silvia F. , Rossi Flavia , Barone Antonio A. , Mamizuka Elsa M. , Levin Anna S. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

Over a period of 7 months, 151 consecutive methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
blood isolates were evaluated. None was community acquired. Twenty (13%) were susceptible to four or more antimicrobials, and 95% of these isolates were identified as SCC
mec
type IV. Molecular typing demonstrated four patterns, with one predominant pattern. Although usually community acquired, SCC
mec
type IV in our setting is clearly nosocomial.
Sensitivity and Specificity of a Rapid rRNA Gene Probe Assay for Simultaneous Identification of
Staphylococcus aureus
and Detection of
mecA
Authors: Kaplan Shannon , Marlowe Elizabeth M. , Hogan James J. , Doymaz Mehmet , Bruckner David A. , Simor Andrew E. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

rRNA gene sequences were used for identification and target adequacy controls in a DNA probe assay to identify isolates as
Staphylococcus
and, more specifically, as
S. aureus
within 1 hour.
mecA
status was simultaneously determined using a specific DNA probe. The target adequacy control guarded against false-negative
mecA
results.
Rapid Detection of Human Metapneumovirus Strains in Nasopharyngeal Aspirates and Shell Vial Cultures by Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Percivalle Elena , Sarasini Antonella , Visai Livia , Revello M. Grazia , Gerna Giuseppe 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT
Monoclonal antibodies to human metapneumovirus (hMPV) were developed for direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) staining of nasopharyngeal aspirates from 40 infants with respiratory infections, as well as for hMPV identification in shell vial cultures. With reference to reverse transcription-PCR, DFA staining showed sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 73.9%, 94.1%, 94.4%, and 72.7%, respectively. Monoclonal antibodies are useful for direct hMPV detection.
Human Clinical Isolates ofCorynebacterium diphtheriaeandCorynebacterium ulceransCollected in Canada from 1999 to 2003 but Not Fitting Reporting Criteria for Cases of Diphtheria
Authors: DeWinter Leanne M. , Bernard Kathryn A. , Romney Marc G. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACTA 5-year collection ofCorynebacterium diphtheriaeandCorynebacterium ulceranshuman clinical isolates yielded nine isolates from blood cultures of patients with invasive infections, stressing the importance ofC. diphtheriaeas a serious blood-borne pathogen. Seven percent ofC. diphtheriaeand 100% ofC. ulceransisolates produced diphtheria toxin, demonstrating that toxigenic corynebacteria continue to circulate.
Improved Sensitivity of Sputum Smear Microscopy after Processing Specimens with C
18
-Carboxypropylbetaine To Detect Acid-Fast Bacilli: a Study of United States-Bound Immigrants from Vietnam
Authors: Laserson K. F. , Yen N. T. N. , Thornton C. G. , Mai V. T. C. , Jones W. , An D. Q. , Phuoc N. H. , Trinh N. A. , Nhung D. T. C. , Lien T. X. , Lan N. T. N. , Wells C. , Binkin N. , Cetron M. , Maloney S. A. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the specimen-processing method that uses the detergent C
18
-carboxypropylbetaine (CB-18) on the sensitivity of acid-fast bacillus (AFB) staining. Vietnamese immigrants with abnormal chest radiographs provided up to three sputum specimens, which were examined for acid-fast bacilli by use of direct auramine and Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The remaining sputum was split; half was cultured, and the other half was incubated with CB-18 for 24 h, centrifuged, and examined for AFB by both staining methods. CB-18 processing improved the sensitivity of AFB staining by 20 to 30% (only differences in auramine sensitivity were statistically significant) but reduced specificity by ≈20% (
P
< 0.05). These findings have direct utility for overseas migrant tuberculosis screening programs, for which maximizing test sensitivity is a major objective.
Interpretive Criteria for Use of AccuProbe for Identification ofMycobacterium aviumComplex Directly from 7H9 Broth Cultures
Authors: Cloud Joann L. , Carroll Karen C. , Cohen Samuel , Anderson Clint M. , Woods Gail L. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACTRapid identification ofMycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) is possible by use of AccuProbe (Gen-Probe, San Diego, Calif.). To evaluate the reliability of the MAC AccuProbe for testing 7H9 cultures inoculated with broth from MGIT cultures positive for acid-fast bacilli or growth on a solid medium, we compared probe results to results obtained by sequencing a portion of the 16S rRNA gene. Isolates were sequenced if the MAC probe result was <100,000 relative light units (RLU) or if it was ≥100,000 RLU and the colony morphology was not classic or there were two colony types. For the 1,389 cultures tested in phase 1, conducted to evaluate cutoff values for the MAC probe in testing of 7H9 cultures inoculated with broth from MGIT cultures, the sensitivity and specificity of the MAC AccuProbe were 97.7% and 88.8%, respectively, according to the manufacturer's interpretive criteria (≥30,000 RLU is positive). If the cutoff for a positive result were 80,000 RLU, the specificity would be 100% and the sensitivity 92.3%. Of the 344 isolates in phase 2, which was conducted to confirm the 80,000-RLU cutoff for a positive result and therefore included only isolates with a MAC probe result of ≤100,000 RLU, 13 of 16 with results of ≥30,000 but <80,000 RLU were identified as mycobacteria other than MAC, including fiveMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex isolates. These data support the use of 80,000 RLU as the cutoff for a positive result in testing of 7H9 broth cultures with the MAC AccuProbe.
Bacteriology of Acute and Chronic Ethmoid Sinusitis
Authors: Brook Itzhak 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

Aspirates from 26 acutely and 17 chronically infected ethmoid sinuses were studied. Thirty-seven aerobes and 10 anaerobes were recovered from isolates from patients with acute sinusitis.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
and
Haemophilus influenzae
were predominant. Twenty-seven aerobes and 41 anaerobes were found in isolates from patients with chronic sinusitis. The predominant isolates were anaerobic gram-negative bacilli and
Peptostreptococcus
spp.
Use of a Single Serum Sample for Diagnosis of Acute Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant Women and Other Adults
Authors: Press Cynthia , Montoya Jose G. , Remington Jack S. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

Using a single serum sample for testing for immunoglobulin G (IgG)
Toxoplasma
antibodies, differences in sensitivity of the dye test (which measures primarily IgG antibodies) and an IgG enzyme immunoassay were found useful for very early diagnosis of acute
Toxoplasma gondii
infection.
Frequent Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus but Not JC Virus DNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients in Northern Thailand
Authors: Rojanawiwat Archawin , Miura Toshiyuki , Thaisri Hansa , Pathipvanich Panita , Umnajsirisuk Sittichai , Koibuchi Tomohiko , Vongsheree Suthon , Iwamoto Aikichi , Ariyoshi Koya , Sawanpanyalert Pathom 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT
Applying nested-PCRs, we frequently detected DNA of Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus but not JC virus in cerebrospinal fluid samples from 140 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with central nervous system symptoms in northern Thailand. Despite the low incidence of primary central nervous system lymphoma or cytomegalovirus encephalitis among Thai AIDS patients, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infections in the central nervous system are common.
Evaluation of seaFAST, a Rapid Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization Test, for Detection of
Helicobacter pylori
and Resistance to Clarithromycin in Paraffin-Embedded Biopsy Sections
Authors: Morris Julie M. , Reasonover Alisa L. , Bruce Michael G. , Bruden Dana L. , McMahon Brian J. , Sacco Frank D. , Berg Douglas E. , Parkinson Alan J. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

A commercially available rapid fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) test, (seaFAST
H. pylori
Combi-Kit; SeaPro Theranostics International, Lelystad, The Netherlands) was used to simultaneously detect the presence of
Helicobacter pylori
and determine clarithromycin susceptibility in paraffin-embedded biopsy sections. The FISH method was found to be 97% sensitive, 94% specific for the detection of
H. pylori
and comparable to agar dilution for the detection of resistance to clarithromycin.
DiskDiffusion Testing Using
Candida
sp. Colonies Taken Directlyfrom CHROMagar
Candida
Medium May Decrease Time Required To ObtainResults
Authors: Klevay Michael , Ebinger Alex , Diekema Daniel , Messer Shawn , Hollis Richard , Pfaller Michael 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

We
compared results of disk diffusion antifungal susceptibility testing
from
Candida
sp. strains passaged on CHROMagar and on potato
dextrose agar. The overall categorical agreements for fluconazole and
voriconazole disk testing were 95% and 98% with 0% and 0.5% very major
errors, respectively. Disk diffusion testing by the CLSI (formerly
NCCLS) M44-A method can be performed accurately by taking inocula
directly from
CHROMagar.
Evaluation of the COBAS TaqMan 48 Real-Time PCR System for Quantitation of Hepatitis B Virus DNA
Authors: Gordillo Rafael M. , Gutiérrez Juan , Casal Manuel 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the new real-time PCR COBAS TaqMan 48 analyzer, comparing it to the existing COBAS AMPLICOR HBV MONITOR based on conventional PCR technology. The study used 104 samples from different patients. No differences were found in the sensitivity of the tests. There was an excellent correlation between the sample with a viral load within the dynamic range of the two tests (
r
= 0.938). The COBAS TaqMan test has a wider linear range, and this fact enables quantifying of the viral load without diluting the sample.
First Infection with VanD-Type Glycopeptide-Resistant
Enterococcus faecium
in Europe
Authors: Lavigne Jean-Philippe , Marchandin Hélène , Bouziges Nicole , Sotto Albert 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

We report the first strain of glycopeptide-resistant
Enterococcus faecium
from Europe that contains a
vanD
allele isolated from blood cultures of an immunocompromised patient hospitalized in a French university hospital. Based on phenotypic results, PCR sequencing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and Southern blotting, the isolate was assigned to
E. faecium
with a chromosomally located VanD allele most closely related to the VanD1 allele.
Detection of
Tropheryma whipplei
DNA in Clinical Specimens by LightCycler Real-Time PCR
Authors: Sloan Lynne M. , Rosenblatt Jon E. , Cockerill Franklin R. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

A real-time PCR method using the LightCycler (Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis, IN) was compared to a conventional PCR assay for the detection of
Tropheryma whipplei
in 321 clinical specimens. The LightCycler method had sensitivity and specificity comparable to the conventional method but required considerably less labor and time (3 h versus 3 to 5 days).
Nosocomial Outbreak of Pediatric Gastroenteritis Caused by CTX-M-14-Type Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Strains of
Salmonella enterica
Serovar London
Authors: Yong Dongeun , Lim Young Sik , Yum Jong Hwa , Lee Hyukmin , Lee Kyungwon , Kim Eui-Chong , Lee Bok-Kwon , Chong Yunsop 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

CTX-M-14-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase was first detected in
Salmonella enterica
serovar London strains which were isolated from three hospitalized pediatric patients with gastroenteritis. The isolates had pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns identical to those of the previously isolated antimicrobial-susceptible strains from community-acquired gastroenteritis, suggesting the susceptible clone acquired the resistance.
Isolation of an Atypical Strain ofActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeSerotype 1 with a Truncated Lipopolysaccharide Outer Core and No O-Antigen
Authors: Jacques Mario , Labrie Josée , St. Michael Frank , Cox Andrew D. , Paradis Marie-Anne , Dick C. Paul , Klopfenstein Christian , Broes André , Fittipaldi Nahuel , Gottschalk Marcelo 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACTA field isolate ofActinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine fibrinohemorrhagic necrotizing pleuropneumonia, was sent to the diagnostic laboratory for serotyping. The isolate presented a clear reaction, with both polyclonal antibodies against serotype 1 and monoclonal antibodies against the capsular polysaccharide of serotype 1. It also exhibited a PCR profile of Apx toxins expected for serotype 1. The isolate, however, failed to react with monoclonal antibodies against the O-antigen of serotype 1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggesting a rough phenotype. The lipid A-core region of the isolate migrated faster than the corresponding region of the serotype 1 reference strain S4074 by Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting the presence of a truncated core. Sugar analysis and mass spectrometry analysis of the O-deacylated LPS from the field isolate were consistent with the absence of O-antigen and truncation of the outer core compared to the wild-type reference strain. Experimental infection of pigs confirmed the virulence of the isolate. This is the first report of an isolate ofA. pleuropneumoniaeserotype 1 with a truncated outer core and a rough LPS phenotype. Veterinary diagnostic laboratories should be vigilant, since infections caused by such an isolate will not be detected by serological tests based on LPS O-antigen.
Description of
Kingella potus
sp. nov., an Organism Isolated from a Wound Caused by an Animal Bite
Authors: Lawson Paul A. , Malnick Henry , Collins Matthew D. , Shah Jayesh J. , Chattaway Marie A. , Bendall Richard , Hartley John W. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

We report the isolation and characterization of a hitherto unknown gram-negative, rod-shaped
Neisseria
-like organism from an infected wound resulting from a bite from a kinkajou. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown organism be classified as a new species,
Kingella potus
sp. nov.
Does Resistance to Pyrazinamide Accurately Indicate the Presence of
Mycobacterium bovis
?
Authors: de Jong Bouke C. , Onipede Anthony , Pym Alex S. , Gagneux Sebastien , Aga Roxanne S. , DeRiemer Kathryn , Small Peter M. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium bovis
is best identified by screening those isolates of the
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex that have any pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance, using a confirmatory test such as spoligotyping, biochemical testing, or genomic deletion analysis. The sensitivity for detection of
M. bovis
is lowered to 82% when only PZA-monoresistant isolates are screened.
Bacteremia Caused by
Janibacter melonis
Authors: Elsayed Sameer , Zhang Kunyan 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

We report a case of bacteremia caused by
Janibacter melonis
, a recently described aerobic actinomycete originally isolated from a spoiled oriental melon. Our patient's blood culture isolate was identified by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This is the first report of the recovery of
Janibacter
species from humans.
First Case of Human Cryptococcosis Due to
Cryptococcus neoformans
var.
gattii
in Spain
Authors: Colom M. Francisca , Frasés Susana , Ferrer Consuelo , Jover Alejandro , Andreu Mariano , Reus Sergio , Sánchez Manuel , Torres-Rodríguez Josep M. 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

We report the first case of human cryptococcosis due to
Cryptococcus neoformans
var.
gattii
described in our country, which was presented as brain cryptococcoma in an immunocompetent patient. An extensive sampling of the patient's environment was carried out to find the source of infection.
Isolation of
Actinobaculum schaalii
and
Actinobaculum urinale
from a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Fendukly Faiz , Osterman Björn 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACT

We report on the isolation of two species of
Actinobaculum
from blood culture of a patient with chronic renal failure. The two isolates were distinct with regard to their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Subsequent 16S rRNA gene sequencing classified the two species as
Actinobaculum schaalii
and
A. urinale
.
Gefitinib induces myeloid differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Stegmaier Kimberly , Corsello Steven M. , Ross Kenneth N. , Wong Jenny S. , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Golub Todd R. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractCure rates for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain low despite ever-increasing dose intensity of cytotoxic therapy. In an effort to identify novel approaches to AML therapy, we recently reported a new method of chemical screening based on the modulation of a gene expression signature of interest. We applied this approach to the discovery of AML-differentiation-promoting compounds. Among the compounds inducing neutrophilic differentiation was DAPH1 (4,5-dianilinophthalimide), previously reported to inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase activity. Here we report that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved EGFR inhibitor gefitinib similarly promotes the differentiation of AML cell lines and primary patient-derived AML blasts in vitro. Gefitinib induced differentiation based on morphologic assessment, nitro-blue tetrazolium reduction, cell-surface markers, genome-wide patterns of gene expression, and inhibition of proliferation at clinically achievable doses. Importantly, EGFR expression was not detected in AML cells, indicating that gefitinib functions through a previously unrecognized EGFR-independent mechanism. These studies indicate that clinical trials testing the efficacy of gefitinib in patients with AML are warranted. (Blood. 2005;106: 2841-2848)
RGS16 is a negative regulator of SDF-1–CXCR4 signaling in megakaryocytes
Authors: Berthebaud Magali , Rivière Christel , Jarrier Peggy , Foudi Adlen , Zhang Yanyan , Compagno Daniel , Galy Anne , Vainchenker William , Louache Fawzia 
Published: July 2005

AbstractRegulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) constitute a family of proteins involved in the negative regulation of signaling through heterotrimeric G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). Several RGS proteins have been implicated in the down-regulation of chemokine signaling in hematopoietic cells. The chemokine stromal-cell–derived factor 1 (SDF-1) activates migration of hematopoietic progenitors cells but fails to activate mature megakaryocytes despite high levels of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) receptor expression in these cells. This prompted us to analyze RGS expression and function during megakaryocyte differentiation. We found that RGS16 and RGS18 mRNA expression was up-regulated during this process. Overexpressing RGS16 mRNA in the megakaryocytic MO7e cell line inhibited SDF-1–induced migration, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase B (AKT) activation, whereas RGS18 overexpression had no effect on CXCR4 signaling. Knocking down RGS16 mRNA via lentiviral-mediated RNA interference increased CXCR4 signaling in MO7e cells and in primary megakaryocytes. Thus, our data reveal that RGS16 is a negative regulator of CXCR4 signaling in megakaryocytes. We postulate that RGS16 regulation is a mechanism that controls megakaryocyte maturation by regulating signals from the microenvironment.
Polymerization of fibrin: specificity, strength, and stability of knob-hole interactions studied at the single-molecule level
Authors: Litvinov Rustem I. , Gorkun Oleg V. , Owen Scott F. , Shuman Henry , Weisel John W. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractUsing laser tweezers, we measured for the first time the forces of individual knob-into-hole interactions underlying fibrin polymerization. Exposure of A-knobs in desA-fibrin or its fragment from the central part of the molecule (N-terminal disulphide knot, NDSK) resulted in strong interactions with fibrinogen or fragment D (containing only a- and b-holes), producing a binding strength of approximately 125 to 130 pN. The interactions were not present in the absence of either knobs or holes and were abrogated by a specific inhibitor of fibrin polymerization, a peptide mimic of the A-knob (GPRPam). Exposure of both the A- and B-knobs in desAB-fibrin or desAB-NDSK did not change the rupture force spectra compared with the desA molecules, and their interactions with fibrinogen remained highly sensitive to GPRPam but not to GHRPam (B-knob), suggesting that neither A:b nor B:b nor B:a contacts contributed significantly to binding strength in addition to A:a contacts. The A:a interactions had a relatively small zero-force off-rate of approximately 10–4 s–1 and tight knob-to-hole contacts characterized by a transition state distance of approximately 0.3 nm. The results demonstrate that the knob-hole binding during thrombin-induced fibrin polymerization is driven by strong, stable, and highly specific A:a bonding, whereas A:b, B:b, or B:a interactions were not detected.
Positional and functional mapping of a neuroblastoma differentiation gene on chromosome 11
Authors: De Preter Katleen , Vandesompele Jo , Menten Björn , Carr Philippa , Fiegler Heike , Edsjö Anders , Carter Nigel P , Yigit Nurten , Waelput Wim , Van Roy Nadine , Bader Scott , Påhlman Sven , Speleman Frank 
Published: July 2005

Abstract

Background
Loss of chromosome 11q defines a subset of high-stage aggressive neuroblastomas. Deletions are typically large and mapping efforts have thus far not lead to a well defined consensus region, which hampers the identification of positional candidate tumour suppressor genes. In a previous study, functional evidence for a neuroblastoma suppressor gene on chromosome 11 was obtained through microcell mediated chromosome transfer, indicated by differentiation of neuroblastoma cells with loss of distal 11q upon introduction of chromosome 11. Interestingly, some of these microcell hybrid clones were shown to harbour deletions in the transferred chromosome 11. We decided to further exploit this model system as a means to identify candidate tumour suppressor or differentiation genes located on chromosome 11.

Results
In a first step, we performed high-resolution arrayCGH DNA copy-number analysis in order to evaluate the chromosome 11 status in the hybrids. Several deletions in both parental and transferred chromosomes in the investigated microcell hybrids were observed. Subsequent correlation of these deletion events with the observed morphological changes lead to the delineation of three putative regions on chromosome 11: 11q25, 11p13->11p15.1 and 11p15.3, that may harbour the responsible differentiation gene.

Conclusion
Using an available model system, we were able to put forward some candidate regions that may be involved in neuroblastoma. Additional studies will be required to clarify the putative role of the genes located in these chromosomal segments in the observed differentiation phenotype specifically or in neuroblastoma pathogenesis in general.