bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual‐Function Modifications for High‐Stability Li‐Rich Cathode Toward Sulfide All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Wang Yue , Wu Dengxu , Chen Penghao , Lu Pushun , Wang Xuefeng , Chen Liquan , Li Hong , Wu Fan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the growing demand for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries, Li‐rich Mn‐based layered oxide (LLO) cathodes with high specific capacity and low cost receive significant attention in conventional liquid lithium‐ion batteries. However, LLO is rarely used in sulfide all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) because of severe interfacial side reactions with sulfide solid electrolytes (SEs), especially at a high operation voltage of 4.8 V (vs Li/Li+). In this work, a dual‐function modification strategy is proposed to enable electrochemically stable LLO in sulfide ASSLBs. The covalent Ru─O bond formed by Ru‐doping can not only stabilize lattice oxygen, preventing further interfacial decomposition involving oxygen, but also enhance the ability of Li diffusion in Li2MnO3 component, and then stimulate the activation of Li2MnO3 phase. Meanwhile, the surface sulfidation strategy establishes a highly stable interface, contributing to the rapid ionic transport at LLO/LPSCl interface. Results show that the modified LLO in sulfide ASSLBs delivers two times higher initial discharge capacity and an extra‐long life of 2022 cycles of up to 4.2 V (vs Li–In) (with >70% capacity retention at 1 C). This research enriches the strategies for improving interfacial compatibility between LLO cathodes and sulfide SEs, thus providing new inspiration for guiding the application of LLO in sulfide ASSLBs.
The One‐Stop Integrated Nanoagent Based on Photothermal Therapy for Deep Infection Healing and Inflammation Inhibition
Authors: Wang Wentao , Gao Yumeng , Xu Wang , Xu Yan , Zhou Ninglin , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Ming , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChronic wounds caused by bacterial infections are a major challenge in medical fields. The hypoxia condition extremely induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and upregulates the expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor, both of which can increase the pro‐inflammatory M1 subtype macrophages production while reducing the anti‐inflammatory M2 subtype macrophages. Besides, bacteria‐formed biofilms can hinder the penetration of therapeutic agents. Encouraged by natural motors automatically executing tasks, hypothesized that supplying sufficient oxygen (O2) would simultaneously drive therapeutic agent movement, rescue the hypoxic microenvironment, and disrupt the vicious cycle of inflammation. Here, small organic molecule‐based nanoparticles (2TT‐mC6B@Cu5.4O NPs) that possess high photothermal conversion efficiency and enzymatic activities are developed, including superoxide dismutase‐, catalase‐, and glutathione peroxidase‐like activity. 2TT‐mC6B@Cu5.4O NPs exhibit superior ROS‐scavenging and O2 production abilities that synergistically relieve inflammation, alleviate hypoxia conditions, and promote their deep penetration in chronic wound tissues. Transcriptome analysis further demonstrates that 2TT‐mC6B@Cu5.4O NPs inhibit biological activities inside bacteria. Furthermore, in vivo experiments prove that 2TT‐mC6B@Cu5.4O NPs‐based hyperthermia can effectively eliminate bacteria in biofilms to promote wound healing.
Wireless Human Motion Monitoring by a Wearable 3D Spiral Liquid Metal Sensor with a Spinning Top‐Shaped Structure
Authors: Qu Qing , Yan Jinli , Liu Sidi , Xiao Xiang , Zhang Yiqiu , Nie Baoqing , Liu Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFlexible wireless pressure sensors based on the LC resonance principle have emerged for critical applications in wearable devices. However, the challenge remains to promote the sensing performance while maintaining good wearability of the devices. Herein, a 3D spiral liquid metal sensor (3D‐SLMS) is reported with a spinning top‐shaped structure for wireless human motion detection. The device is composed of only liquid metals embedded in Ecoflex elastomer, thus being highly flexible. The study develops a unique method to fabricate 3D‐SLMS by integration of mask‐assisted spraying of liquid metals and virtual molding tuned by vacuum. Under an external load, the deformation of the spinning top‐shaped structure leads to changes in both inductance and capacitance, offering a detectable shift in the resonant frequency of the sensor. The 3D‐SLMS technology allows for a high sensitivity of −0.502 MHz N−1, a limit of detection as low as 0.71 mN, fast response time of 0.6 s, and stretchability up to 158% without device failure. As a proof‐of‐concept, the wireless pressure detection of various human motions such as arm bending, fisting, boxing, coughing, and flatfoot diagnosis is successfully implemented, thus promising translation of wearable electronics for sport monitoring and medical rehabilitation.
Evaluating the Use of Critical Current Density Tests of Symmetric Lithium Transference Cells with Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Fuchs Till , Haslam Catherine G. , Richter Felix H. , Sakamoto Jeff , Janek Jürgen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlkali metal filament penetration into solid electrolytes causes short circuit induced cell failure, commonly evaluated using the bidirectional critical current density (CCD) test with stepwise increases in current density in alternating directions across symmetric lithium cells. However, the CCD is neither intrinsic to the cell nor to the material but rather depends on various extrinsic factors, such as current profile, transferred charge, pressure, resting intervals, and interface chemistry. The purpose of this study is to disambiguate the interpretation of CCD analyses in the literature and propose alternative approaches to analyze the stability and kinetics of the alkali metal/solid electrolyte interface. Two types of failure modes of electrochemical cells with solid electrolytes are defined: 1) failure of the solid electrolyte by crack formation coupled with or followed by dendrite growth, and 2) failure of the alkali metal electrode by the formation of pores at the interface with the solid electrolyte followed by filament initiation that eventually leads to short‐circuiting. Therefore, the study recommends that CCD tests specify the failure mode. It is demonstrated that unidirectional polarization enablesunambiguous differentiation between failure modes. The proposals for bi‐ and unidirectional testing presented here are expected to provide more reliable and consistent CCD values across the community.
Effects of row spacing and potassium foliar applications on yield of cotton
Authors: Menefee Dorothy , Smith Douglas R. , Zwonitzer Martha , Collins Harold P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important crop in drought‐prone central Texas. Foliar potassium (K) application and skip‐row planting have the potential to improve productivity of rainfed cotton in this region. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of skip‐row planting and foliar K on cotton lint yield, biomass, nutrient uptake, and lint quality in rainfed cotton from 2017 to 2020. Foliar K was applied at 0, 20, and 40 kg ha−1. Row arrangement treatments consisted of two planting geometries: 2 × 1 skip row and standard full row. Cotton yield was not affected by foliar K in all years or by row spacing in 2017, 2019, or 2020. In 2018 alone, there was greater lint yield from skip row (530 kg ha−1) compared to full row (423 kg ha−1). The skip‐row treatment resulted in significantly lower vegetative biomass and vegetative K uptake, but improved fiber quality. While foliar K application did not impact lint yield, total biomass and vegetative nitrogen and phosphorus uptake were increased with foliar K. There were year‐to‐year differences in seed and vegetative biomass, nutrient uptake, and lint quality, likely driven by differences in rainfall, with 2018 being unusually dry. Weather variation had more impact on cotton productivity than either treatment. However, given that the skip‐row treatment increased quality and yield in the driest year while not affecting yield in wetter years makes it a viable option for cotton producers looking to reduce costs and increase profits in drought‐prone regions.
Diversification of a Novel α‐Galactosyl Ceramide Hotspot Boosts the Adjuvant Properties in Parenteral and Mucosal Vaccines
Authors: Méndez Yanira , Vasco Aldrin V. , Ebensen Thomas , Schulze Kai , Yousefi Mohammad , Davari Mehdi D. , Wessjohann Ludger A. , Guzmán Carlos A. , Rivera Daniel G. , Westermann Bernhard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe development of potent adjuvants is an important step for improving the performance of subunit vaccines. CD1d agonists, such as the prototypical α‐galactosyl ceramide (α‐GalCer), are of special interest due to their ability to activate iNKT cells and trigger rapid dendritic cell maturation and B‐cell activation. Herein, we introduce a novel derivatization hotspot at the α‐GalCer skeleton, namely the N‐substituent at the amide bond. The multicomponent diversification of this previously unexplored glycolipid chemotype space permitted the introduction of a variety of extra functionalities that can either potentiate the adjuvant properties or serve as handles for further conjugation to antigens toward the development of self‐adjuvanting vaccines. This strategy led to the discovery of compounds eliciting enhanced antigen‐specific T cell stimulation and a higher antibody response when delivered by either the parenteral or the mucosal route, as compared to a known potent CD1d agonist. Notably, various functionalized α‐GalCer analogues showed a more potent adjuvant effect after intranasal immunization than a PEGylated α‐GalCer analogue previously optimized for this purpose. Ultimately, this work could open multiple avenues of opportunity for the use of mucosal vaccines against microbial infections.
Criteria for Efficient Photocatalytic Water Splitting Revealed by Studying Carrier Dynamics in a Model Al‐doped SrTiO3 Photocatalyst
Authors: Li Ronghua , Takata Tsuyoshi , Zhang Beibei , Feng Chao , Wu Qianbao , Cui Chunhua , Zhang Zemin , Domen Kazunari , Li Yanbo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOverall water splitting (OWS) using semiconductor photocatalysts is a promising method for solar fuel production. Achieving a high quantum efficiency is one of the most important prerequisites for photocatalysts to realize high solar‐to‐fuel efficiency. In a recent study (Nature 2020, 58, 411–414), a quantum efficiency of almost 100 % has been achieved in an aluminum‐doped strontium titanate (SrTiO3 : Al) photocatalyst. Herein, using the SrTiO3 : Al as a model photocatalyst, we reveal the criteria for efficient photocatalytic water splitting by investigating the carrier dynamics through a comprehensive photoluminescence study. It is found that the Al doping suppresses the generation of Ti3+ recombination centers in SrTiO3, the surface band bending facilitates charge separation, and the in situ photo‐deposited Rh/Cr2O3 and CoOOH co‐catalysts render efficient charge extraction. By suppressing photocarrier recombination and establishing a facile charge separation and extraction mechanism, high quantum efficiency can be achieved even on photocatalysts with a very short (sub‐ns) intrinsic photocarrier lifetime, challenging the belief that a long carrier lifetime is a fundamental requirement. Our findings could provide guidance on the design of OWS photocatalysts toward more efficient solar‐to‐fuel conversion.
An Extended NIR‐II Superior Imaging Window from 1500 to 1900 nm for High‐Resolution In Vivo Multiplexed Imaging Based on Lanthanide Nanocrystals
Authors: Chen Zi‐Han , Wang Xiaohan , Yang Mingzhu , Ming Jiang , Yun Baofeng , Zhang Lu , Wang Xusheng , Yu Peng , Xu Jing , Zhang Hongxin , Zhang Fan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh‐resolution in vivo optical multiplexing in second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) is vital to biomedical research. Presently, limited by bio‐tissue scattering, only luminescent probes located at NIR‐IIb (1500–1700 nm) window can provide high‐resolution in vivo multiplexed imaging. However, the number of available luminescent probes in this narrow NIR‐IIb region is limited, which hampers the available multiplexed channels of in vivo imaging. To overcome the above challenges, through theoretical simulation we expanded the conventional NIR‐IIb window to NIR‐II long‐wavelength (NIR‐II‐L, 1500–1900 nm) window on the basis of photon‐scattering and water‐absorption. We developed a series of novel lanthanide luminescent nanoprobes with emission wavelengths from 1852 nm to 2842 nm. NIR‐II‐L nanoprobes enabled high‐resolution in vivo dynamic multiplexed imaging on blood vessels and intestines, and provided multi‐channels imaging on lymph tubes, tumors and intestines. The proposed NIR‐II‐L probes without mutual interference are powerful tools for high‐contrast in vivo multiplexed detection, which holds promise for revealing physiological process in living body.
Super‐Oxidizing Covalent Triazine Framework Electrocatalyst for Two‐Electron Water Oxidation to H2O2
Authors: Khan Ruqia , Chakraborty Jeet , Singh Rawat Kuber , Morent Rino , De Geyter Nathalie , Van Speybroeck Veronique , Van Der Voort Pascal 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElectrochemical two‐electron water oxidation (2e WOR) is gaining surging research traction for sustainable hydrogen peroxide production. However, the strong oxidizing environment and thermodynamically competitive side‐reaction (4e WOR) posit as thresholds for the 2e WOR. We herein report a custom‐crafted covalent triazine network possessing strong oxidizing properties as a proof‐of‐concept metal‐free functional organic network electrocatalyst for catalyzing 2e WOR. As the first‐of‐its‐kind, the material shows a maximum of 89.9 % Faradaic Efficiency and 1428 μmol/h/cm2 H2O2 production rate at 3.0 V bias potential (vs reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), which are either better or comparable to the state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts. We have experimentally confirmed a stepwise 2e WOR mechanism which was further computationally endorsed by density functional theory studies.
Electrospray deposition ofin‐situ UV‐photoactivatedpolyimide films
Authors: Kingsley Bryce J. , Chiarot Paul R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn electrospray deposition, a precursor solution, composed of a solute material in a volatile carrier solvent, is atomized into a spray of charged microdroplets under the influence of a strong electric field. As the droplets are in‐flight, the carrier solvent evaporates, leaving behind the solute material that can be delivered to a target surface to create a film. In this work, we employ electrospray deposition to create films of UV‐photosensitive polyimide. Films were deposited using in‐situ UV exposure, where the in‐flight droplets and deposited material were exposed to UV during deposition. The characteristics of these films were compared to films exposed to UV only after deposition (referred to as post‐UV exposure). The microstructure of the deposited films was notably different for the two exposure modes, in which the in‐situ UV exposed films have a wavy/dimpled surface, compared to the flat and smooth surface of the post‐UV exposed films. However, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the UV activation of the in‐situ UV and post‐UV exposed films was nearly identical. Breakdown testing was conducted to evaluate the dielectric strength of the films. Overall, the in‐situ UV and post‐UV exposed films exhibited similar breakdown strengths of approx. 430–450 V/μm. The use of in‐situ UV exposure cuts in half the processing time for producing thin polyimide films.
Validierung und Kalibrierung eines hypoplastischen Stoffmodells für expansive Böden
Authors: Nitsch Antonia , Machaček Jan , Wichtmann Torsten , Grandas Tavera Carlos Eduardo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEinige Böden neigen aufgrund ihrer tonmineralogischen Zusammensetzung bei Kontakt mit Wasser zur Volumenänderung, welche sich phänomenologisch entweder als Expansion oder durch eine Quelldruckentwicklung äußert. In der Baupraxis müssen sowohl die Quellphänomene als auch das hydromechanisch gekoppelte Materialverhalten allgemein z.B. bei der Bemessung von Tunnelbauwerken oder Abdichtungen berücksichtigt werden. Existierende empirische Modelle sind für komplexe Randbedingungen oft unzureichend, doch die Anwendung höherwertiger mechanischer Stoffmodelle stellt aufgrund komplexer Modellformulierungen und meist aufwendiger Bestimmung der benötigten Materialparameter eine große Hürde dar. In diesem Aufsatz wird ein von den Autor:innen kürzlich vorgestelltes neuartiges hypoplastisches Stoffmodell für expansive Böden durch die Anwendung auf weitere experimentelle Studien validiert. Zur Erleichterung der Anwendung des Stoffmodells in der Praxis wird eine vereinfachte Parameterkalibrierung erläutert, die keine aufwendige experimentelle Untersuchung erfordert.
Kinetic and functional analysis of abundant microRNAs in extracellular vesicles from normal and stressed cultures of Chinese hamster ovary cells
Authors: Belliveau Jessica , Thompson Will , Papoutsakis Eleftherios T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells release and exchange large quantities of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are highly enriched in microRNAs (miRs, or miRNAs), which are responsible for most of their biological effects. We have recently shown that the miR content of CHO EVs varies significantly under culture stress conditions. Here, we provide a novel stoichiometric (“per‐EV”) quantification of miR and protein levels in large CHO EVs produced under ammonia, lactate, osmotic, and age‐related stress. Each stress resulted in distinct EV miR levels, with selective miR loading by parent cells. Our data provide a proof of concept for the use of CHO EV cargo as a diagnostic tool for identifying culture stress. We also tested the impact of three select miRs (let‐7a, miR‐21, and miR‐92a) on CHO cell growth and viability. Let‐7a—abundant in CHO EVs from stressed cultures—reduced CHO cell viability, while miR‐92a—abundant in CHO EVs from unstressed cultures—promoted cell survival. Overexpression of miR‐21 had a slight detrimental impact on CHO cell growth and viability during late exponential‐phase culture, an unexpected result based on the reported antiapoptotic role of miR‐21 in other mammalian cell lines. These findings provide novel relationships between CHO EV cargo and cell phenotype, suggesting that CHO EVs may exert both pro‐ and antiapoptotic effects on target cells, depending on the conditions under which they were produced.
Progress in constructing functional coacervate systems using microfluidics
Authors: Geng Yuhao , Yu Jing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCoacervates formed by liquid‐liquid phase separation play significant roles in a variety of intracellular and extracellular biological processes. Recently, substantial efforts have been invested in creating protocells using coacervates. Microfluidic technology has rapidly gained prominence in this area due to its capability to construct monodisperse and stable coacervate droplets. This review highlights recent advancements in utilizing microfluidic devices to construct coacervate‐core‐vesicle (COV) systems. These COV systems can be employed to realize the sequestration and release of biomolecules as well as to control enzymatic reactions within the coacervate systems in a spatiotemporal manner. Lastly, we delve into the current challenges and opportunities related to the development of functional coacervate systems based on microfluidic technology.
Metabolic reprogramming, autophagy, and ferroptosis: Novel arsenals to overcome immunotherapy resistance in gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Wang Xiangwen , Zhou Liwen , Wang Hongpeng , Chen Wei , Jiang Lei , Ming Guangtao , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundGastrointestinal cancer poses a serious health threat owing to its high morbidity and mortality. Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have achieved meaningful success in most solid tumors, the improvement in survival in gastrointestinal cancers is modest, owing to sparse immune response and widespread resistance. Metabolic reprogramming, autophagy, and ferroptosis are key regulators of tumor progression.MethodsA literature review was conducted to investigate the role of the metabolic reprogramming, autophagy, and ferroptosis in immunotherapy resistance of gastrointestinal cancer.ResultsMetabolic reprogramming, autophagy, and ferroptosis play pivotal roles in regulating the survival, differentiation, and function of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. These processes redefine the nutrient allocation blueprint between cancer cells and immune cells, facilitating tumor immune evasion, which critically impacts the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers. Additionally, there exists profound crosstalk among metabolic reprogramming, autophagy, and ferroptosis. These interactions are paramount in anti‐tumor immunity, further promoting the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment and resistance to immunotherapy.ConclusionsConsequently, it is imperative to conduct comprehensive research on the roles of metabolic reprogramming, autophagy, and ferroptosis in the resistance of gastrointestinal tumor immunotherapy. This understanding will illuminate the clinical potential of targeting these pathways and their regulatory mechanisms to overcome immunotherapy resistance in gastrointestinal cancers.
Orthogonal End Labelling of Oligonucleotides through Dual Incorporation of Click‐Reactive NTP Analogues
Authors: Schönegger Eva S. , Crisp Antony , Radukic Marco , Burmester Jonas , Frischmuth Thomas , Carell Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPost‐synthetic modification of nucleic acid structures with clickable functionality is a versatile tool that facilitates many emerging applications, including immune evasion, enhancements in stability, fluorescent labelling, chemical 5′‐RNA‐capping and the development of functional aptamers. While certain chemoenzymatic approaches for 3′‐azido and alkynyl labelling are known, equivalent 5′‐strategies are either inefficient, complex, or require harsh chemical conditions. Here, we present a modular and facile technology to consecutively modify DNA and RNA strands at both ends with click‐modifiable functional groups. Our approach using γ‐modified ATP analogues facilitates T4 PNK‐catalysed 5′‐modification of oligonucleotides, a process that is compatible with TdT‐catalysed 3′‐elongation using 3′‐azido‐2′,3′‐ddGTP. Finally, we demonstrate that our approach is suitable for both oligo‐oligo ligations, as well ssDNA circularization. We anticipate that such approaches will pave the way for the synthesis of highly functionalised oligonucleotides, improving the therapeutic and diagnostic applicability of oligonucleotides such as in the realm of next‐generation sequencing.
Acute pancreatitis with colon cutoff sign
Authors: Shinomiya Ryo , Inoue Naonori , Kawamura Takuji , Uno Koji 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageAcute pancreatitis can present with a colon cutoff sign. The colon cutoff sign can also occur in gastric cancer, splenic artery bleeding, and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. A CT scout image can also be an important laboratory finding for diagnosing a disease.AbstractA 22‐year‐old woman visited our hospital with a complaint of epigastric pain. An abdominal contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan revealed that intestinal gas was interrupted at the splenic flexure on the CT scout image (colon cutoff sign). Scan images showed a poorly contrasted area in the pancreatic tail. Based on these results, the patient was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. The colon cutoff sign is an image showing the spread of inflammation to the colon. A CT scout image can also be an important laboratory finding for diagnosing a disease.