bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Enzymes in Myocardial Infarction Patients: a Study of Survival Time After Recovering
Authors: Chien Huynh Dinh , Nie Jing , Thuan Duong Thi Bich , Aikawa Megan , Khoi Dang Ngoc , Dorn Joan , Freudenheim Joe , Trevisan Maurizio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study analyzes the long-term relationship between levels of serum enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamine transferase) and mortality of all causes, cardiovascular disease, and coronary heart disease in patients who survived an incident of myocardial infarction. A total of 1496 patients (1064 men and 432 women) aged 35–69 were enrolled in the study and followed for 14–22 years. Lactate dehydrogenase was inversely associated with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and coronary heart disease. In contrast, alanine aminotransferase was positively associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, aspartate aminotransferase was positively associated with all-cause mortality, and no significant association was found between gamma glutamine transferase and alkaline phosphatase and any of the mortality outcomes. The observed associations were independent of the potential confounding effects of age, sex, blood pressure, serum glucose and cholesterol, BMI, smoking, and alcohol use.
A Novel Binary Particle Swarm Algorithm Based Topology Optimization Method for Coaxial to Waveguide Transition
Authors: Hossain Md. Sazzad , Lehr Jane M. , Fierro Andrew , Schamiloglu Edl 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Topology optimization is a state-of-the-art tool for detecting the best material layout in a physical space to obtain certain goals. Initially developed as a structural engineering tool, it has been recently used in electromagnetics and has shown immense potential. The aim of this work is to build a framework for applying the topology optimization method in electromagnetics using a modified binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) algorithm. In this article, a classic problem of coax to waveguide transition has been considered, and a novel solution has been given using topology optimization. The steps to implementing topology optimization using BPSO have been thoroughly documented. The optimized transition has been fabricated and is shown to produce results coinciding with the simulation. Traditional transitions were used in the analysis to compare and validate the optimized structure. The results obtained have been very promising, and this technique can be utilized in creating elegant solutions to complex electromagnetic problems.
Changes derived by the silvopastoral management in Nothofagus antarctica forests of Tierra del Fuego compared to other productive environments
Authors: Pastur Guillermo Martínez , Rosas Yamina Micaela , Cellini Juan Manuel , Herrera Alejandro Huertas , Toro-Manríquez Mónica D. R. , Lencinas María Vanessa , Benítez Julieta , Pechar Sebastián , Peri Pablo Luis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Silvopastoral systems (SPS) are proposed as one option that promotes a balance between productive alternatives and ecological values. The objective was to determine the changes generated by SPS (thinning + livestock) inNothofagus antarctica(ñire) forests compared to other productive environments (unmanaged forests, dry grasslands, wet grasslands). Changes in the main components (tree, environment, forage, animal, biodiversity) were analyzed. A total of 16 areas (4 treatments x 4 replicates) were selected in Ea. El Roble (Tierra del Fuego, Argentina), where 50 variables were surveyed through plots (forest structure, forage, animals, biodiversity) and sampling in soil pits. Indices for each component and univariate analyses were performed to compare the studied environments. The results showed that SPS generates significant changes in the studied components, causing positive and negative synergies on the studied variables. These changes promote new productive environments with intermediate characteristics between forests and grasslands (dry and humid). It was observed that tree roots, unlike herbs and grasses, are located not only in the upper layer, but also appear in higher percentages at deeper layers. These results allowed us to identify the factors of change in the studied components, as well as potential indicators for monitoring. Understanding the dynamics and interactions among the different ecosystem components, allowed to generate new proposals that must be economically viable (e.g. management costs vs. growth of trees and forage) and environmentally sustainable (e.g. conservation of the original biodiversity).
EcoScape: A Model for Species-Specific Functional
Habitat Connectivity
Authors: Ocampo-Peñuela Natalia , de Alfaro Luca , Tai Jasmine , Valett Natalie , Adler Coen , Nazarov Artie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Habitat connectivity is essential to maintain viable and healthy populations due to increased genetic flow, enhanced functional habitat, and repopulation potential [1–4]. Conserving, enhancing, and restoring habitat connectivity has been identified as a priority to achieve global targets of halting extinctions and safeguarding 30% of our planet [5]. Computational constraints of existing connectivity models have restricted these analyses to coarse scales and to a few charismatic species and/or landscapes [6–8].
We introduce EcoScape, an efficient algorithm for computing the pixel-level functional connectivity of species habitats. Informed by metapopulation theory, Ecoscape computes the connectivity of each habitat pixel as the probability that the pixel can be repopulated via propagation from other habitat locations, taking into account the species’ ecological preferences and dispersal abilities [9]. We provide a methodology based on open science data for applying EcoScape to any bird species. We show that for two forest/woodland bird species in California, EcoScape habitat connectivity values are highly correlated with relative abundances reported in eBird [10]. EcoScape leverages Graphic Processing Units (GPUs), and is hundreds of times faster than existing connectivity models. This opens the way to mapping habitat connectivity at large scale and fine resolutions for multiple species, offering guidance for current and future conservation efforts.
Interaction with “Fat People Memes” Among Users with Different Levels of Fat Acceptance
Authors: Bunzel Cathleen , Kröller Katja , Meißner Claudia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background As the use of internet memes as a form of communication has grown in recent years, it is important to understand their impact on society, particularly in relation to discrimination. This paper examines the impact of internet memes containing weight-stigmatizing content, called Fat People Memes (FPMs). The aim of the study was to examine whether individuals with lower levels of fat acceptance have a higher entertainability, higher shareability, and stronger emotions when viewing these types of memes.Methods A one-month (15 May–15 June, 2021) online questionnaire-based case-control study was conducted with a sample size of 147 participants aged 25–35 years. Participants were categorized into case (lower fat acceptance, AFA-Score < 55) and control (higher fat acceptance, AFA-Score ≥ 55) groups using a German Anti-Fat Attitudes Questionnaire, which had scores ranging from 13 to 117, and had to be fully answered. Participants were asked to assess the entertainability and shareability of selected FPMs, as well as their expression of emotions when viewing different FPMs.Results Subjects in the case group were significantly more likely to rate the seen FPMs as highly entertaining (77.6% vs. 59.6%; p = 0.023; x2(1) = 5.140, φ = 0.023); however, no significant difference was found in the shareability of FPMs between the two groups (36.2% vs. 27.0%; p = 0.235; x2(1) = 1.412, φ = 0.235). The case group expressed significantly greater emotions of disgust (p = 0.004), shame (p = 0.001), and surprise (p = 0.044) when viewing the FPMs. A two-sided significance level of 0.05 was set (95% confidence intervals).Conclusions Significant differences were observed in the entertainability of FPMs, but not in their shareability. The findings indicate that weight stigma persists, and is often justified, particularly as it is perceived as less severe due to its portrayal as humorous.
Generative AI and digital twin integrated intelligent process planning：A conceptual framework
Authors: Xu Qingfeng , Zhou Guanghui , Zhang Chao , Chang Fengtian , Cao Yan , Zhao Dan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Process planning serves as a critical link between design and manufacturing, exerting a pivotal influence on the quality and efficiency of production. However, current intelligent process planning systems, like computer-aided process planning (CAPP), still contend with the challenge of realizing comprehensive automation in process decision-making. These obstacles chiefly involve, though are not confined to, issues like limited intelligence, poor flexibility, low reliability, and high usage thresholds. Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has attained noteworthy accomplishments in natural language processing (NLP), offering new perspectives to address these challenges. This paper summarizes the limitations of current intelligent process planning methods and explores the potential of integrating generative AI into process planning. With synergistically incorporating digital twins, this paper introduces a conceptual framework termed generative AI and digital twin-enabling intelligent process planning (GIPP). The paper elaborates on two supporting methodologies: process generative pre-trained transformer (ProcessGPT) modelling and digital twin-based process verification method. Moreover, a prototype system is established to introduce the implementation and machining execution mechanism of GIPP for milling a specific thin-walled component. Three potential application scenarios and a comparative analysis are employed to elucidate the practicality of GIPP, providing new insights for intelligent process planning.
Effect Of Refrigeration on The Microbial Quality of Vegetable Salads
Authors: Okimasi-Henry Ojating Victory 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The effect of refrigeration on the microbial quality of vegetable salads was investigated. The salad was prepared from Cabbage, Carrot, Sweet corn, Cucumber, Salad cream and Green peas. The microbial quality of the salad was determined using standard microbiological methods. Eight (8) genera of bacteria were isolated and identified which include: Salmonella spp (14%), Staphylococcus spp (22%), Escherichia coli (16%), Serratia marcescens (11%), Bacillus spp (8%), Klebsiella Spp (19%), Micrococcus spp (3%) and Yersinia enterocolitica (7%), while fungal isolates include: Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp. and Rhizopus spp. The total viable counts of the vegetable salad ranged from 2.9 x 103cfu/g to 3.8 x 103cfu/g with day 3 having a highest counts and day 1 having the least counts, the total coliform counts ranged from 3.1 x 103cfu/g to 3.9 x 103cfu/g with day 3 having a highest counts and day 1 having the least counts and the total fungal plate counts ranged from 2.9 x 103cfu/g to 3.6 x 103cfu/g with day 3 having a highest count and day 1 having the least counts. This present study reveals that refrigeration at about 12⁰C will not necessarily reduce the microbial load of ready-to-eat vegetable salads but will aid in controlling the growth of pathogenic organisms.
Ginibre interacting Brownian motion in infinite dimensions is sub-diffusive
Authors: Osada Hirofumi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

We prove that the tagged particles of infinitely many Brownian particles in $ \Rtwo $ interacting via a logarithmic (two-dimensional Coulomb) potential with inverse temperature $ \beta = 2 $ are sub-diffusive. The associated unlabeled diffusion is reversible with respect to the Ginibre random point field, and the dynamics are thus referred to as the Ginibre interacting Brownian motion. If the interacting Brownian particles have interaction potential $ \Psi $ of Ruelle class and the total system starts in a translation invariant equilibrium state, then the tagged particles are always diffusive if the dimension $ \dd $ of the space $ \mathbb{R}^{\dd } $ is greater than or equal to two. That is, the tagged particles are always non-degenerate under diffusive scaling. Our result is, therefore, contrary to known results. The Ginibre random point field has various levels of geometric rigidity. Our results reveal that the geometric property of infinite particle systems affects the dynamical property of the associated stochastic dynamics.
MSC Classification: 60K50 , 82C22 , 60B20
Optimizing defeathering performance in poultry processing: The impact of clearance, pluck size, and pattern arrangement
Authors: Fadeyibi Adeshina , Alabi Kehinde Peter , Busari Rasheed Amao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this research, the pluck parameters of a defeathering system were analyzed to determine the optimum performance for small-scale chicken processing. The system was developed and operated by interacting different pluck settings, namely pluck size (20, 30, 50 mm), base clearance (10, 15, 20 mm), and plucking pattern (circular, pentagonal and triangular), which gives 27 machine runs. Analysis was carried out to defeather 5 flock of chicken carcasses in 5 minutes for each of the runs, and the throughput and efficiency were empirically determined as performance indices. A Split-Plot Optimal Design was used to obtain the best pluck parameter combination with an objective to minimize the pluck settings and maximize the performance indices. Results indicate that the interaction between the clearance and the pluck size affected the throughput and efficiency for all the plucking patterns. Also, between 22 mm to 38 mm clearance and pluck size of 12 mm to 14 mm, the circular and pentagonal patterns interacted at points corresponding to a throughput of 4.08 kg/min and efficiency of 95.8%. This suggests that the best pluck parameters occurred at 13 mm average pluck size, 30 mm average base clearance using either the circular or the pentagonal plucking pattern.
Advanced primary fallopian tube cancer was found during chemotherapy for multiple myeloma: a case report and literaturereview
Authors: Xi Xiaoyu , Xu Ruibo , Li Yanli , Zhang Dingbei , Sun Yao , Liu Ying , Du Xiaoli , Hao Zengfang , Wang Lili , Du Jiexian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common malignant tumor of the blood system, the incidence of fallopian tube cancer is low, accounting for only 0.1%~1.8% of gynecological malignant tumors. It is extremely rare for these two diseases to occur together. In this paper, we present a case of primary fallopian tube cancer that was discovered and metastasized to the ovary during chemotherapy for MM, and review the literature.
Case presentation: The patient was admitted to the hospital due to abnormal vaginal discharge lasting for one week. She had a history of MM for 5 years and had just completed 13 courses of treatment with daretuzumab. Doppler ultrasound and pelvic computed tomography(CT) revealed tubal and ovarian lesions with a high probability of malignancy. Laparoscopic exploration was performed, and frozen pathology confirmed the presence of malignant tumors originating from the right adnexa. The bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries were removed. Postoperative paraffin pathology showed right fallopian tube cancer with ovarian metastasis. Following the surgery, the patient received three sessions of hyperthermic intraperitoneal therapy and one session of carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy. Currently, the patient is in a generally stable condition and is awaiting the second round of chemotherapy.
Conclusion: The coexistence of MM and primary fallopian tube carcinoma is an extremely rare occurrence. When a pelvic mass is detected in patients with multiple myeloma, it is important to consider the possibility of a second primary tumor in addition to myeloma metastasis. Managing patients with this dual malignancy presents a significant challenge for clinicians. Treatment plans should be developed through multidisciplinary collaboration, taking into account the severity of the disease and the patient's physical condition. Close monitoring is necessary during the perioperative period, as these patients are susceptible to infection and kidney damage. It is advisable for patients and their children to undergo genetic testing in order to implement appropriate preventive measures.
Public Health Services, and the vaccination during COVID-19 period in Athens, Greece
Authors: Adamopoulos Ioannis , Bardavouras Antonis , Syrou Niki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Perceptions of COVID-19 and vaccination can be affected by individual opinions, experiences, and trust in the facts given by Public Health Authorities. Attitudes are additionally affected by cultural and social influences. Effective government messaging can help decrease vaccine challenges.
Methodology: In the last quarter of 2022, this cross-sectional research project analyzes socio-demographic aspects connected with risk factors using questionnaires at the vaccination center of Hippocrates General Hospital in Athens, Greece. Participants (N = 167) were tasked to answer concerns regarding the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to WHO measurement instruments for determining good health status. The study's data was analyzed with IBM SPSS v26.
Results: The research revealed that women thought vaccines caused more damage than men, while young individuals believed that the disease was harmless. The quantity of education additionally impacts vaccine adverse reactions and long-term harm. COVID-19 perceptions vary concerning vaccination status.
Conclusions: This research confirms the link between socioeconomic variables and pandemic severity perception, highlighting the significance of cooperating with Public Health Management Services to enhance communication tactics and develop effective vaccination campaigns.
Digging deeper into living income: policies and strategies for poverty reduction in tropical value chains
Authors: Ruben Ruerd 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Rural poverty alleviation programs have adopted living income benchmarks as major strategic focus. Much of the discussion centres around appropriate measurement procedures, while far less attention is usually given to concrete policies for reducing living income gaps. This article digs deeper into possible strategies for smallholder farmers and midstream value chain agents to reduce living income gaps. It identifies the determinant of living income differences between countries, and discusses policy options to create better prospects for improving living incomes. We rely on comparative cross-country data on living incomes and poverty lines combined with structural country-level characteristics and stylized farm-household models to identify major leverage points for mitigating registered living income gaps. This analyses combines case study material from agri-food value chains in sub-Sahara Africa with statistical analysis on income gaps, drawing on theoretical discussions on the structural causes of income differentiation. Increasing our insights on the drivers of income differences and income gaps might enable us to bring the discussion on living income from principle to practice.
Influence of cardioplegic solution on the incidence of AKI after CABG procedure: del Nido cardioplegia versus HTK solution: insight of KDIGO criteria
Authors: Wang Lei , Hu Lanxin , Wan Linlin , Yang Ting , Chen Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Our hypothesis posited an association between the use of Histidine‐Tryptophan‐Ketoglutarate (HTK) solution or del Nido cardioplegia and an increased incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Methods and Results: A retrospective study was conducted at our center, involving a total of 478 patients. Among them, 268 patients were allocated to receive the del Nido solution (DN), while 210 were placed in the HTK group.
The primary focus of this study was to assess the occurrence rates of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). Multivariable logistic regression was employed to examine the correlation between exposure to cardioplegic solutions and adverse kidney outcomes. Additionally, serum levels of sodium, potassium, and ionized calcium during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were monitored.
The occurrence of AKI showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups [(48/220 (21.81%) vs. 24/186 (12.90%), P=0.049], while the rate of RRT, although not reaching statistical significance, showed variations [(9/48, 18.75% vs. 6/24, 25%), P=0.538, respectively]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that HTK infusion is a significant risk factor for AKI. Furthermore, decreases in serum sodium and calcium levels were observed following HTK cardioplegia infusion.
Conclusion: Our findings offer substantial evidence regarding the impact of the chosen cardioplegic solution on postoperative AKI rates. Enhancing cardiac arrest protocols holds significance in this context. These results pave the way for prospective studies aimed at exploring the influence of cardioplegic solutions on electrolyte imbalances in relation to postoperative AKI rates.
Pediatric Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma with Associated Hypovitaminosis D
Authors: Tung-Hahn Eleanor , Mogilevskiy Valerie , Black Ellie , Morgan Michael , Tung Rebecca 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
CD30 + lymphoproliferative diseases (LPDs) are relatively uncommon in the general population, especially in children. Distinguishing between the two main CD30 + LPDs, lymphomatoid papulosis and cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma is crucial, as the latter requires different treatment and systemic malignancy workup. We outline an uncommon presentation of a primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL) accompanied by hypovitaminosis D in a young Hispanic child and a holistic approach to treatment. While baseline testing of vitamin D levels in patients with cutaneous lymphoma and LPDs is not yet the standard in dermatology, it is being increasingly performed by other specialties who care for solid tumor and hematologic malignancies, since low levels can portend poorer prognosis and outcomes. Although there are no precise treatment guidelines for pediatric PC-ALCL located in cosmetically sensitive areas, a minimally invasive therapeutic program comprised of shave removal, topical steroids, and correction of a potentially disease modifying comorbidity (hypovitaminosis D if present) offers a comprehensive approach.
Assistance in the Preparation of a Teaching Module for the Strengthening Project of the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) for Elementary Madrasa Teachers in Semarang City
Authors: Farda Ummu Jauharin , Putri Linda Indiyarti , Imron Ali , Nida Afika Khoirun , Septian Yulia Ayu 
Published: November 2023

This mentorship activity aimed to enhance the knowledge, understanding, and skills of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers in developing a relevant and applicable teaching module for the strengthening project of the Pancasila student profile (P5) while also improving their self-confidence and collaborative capacity. The Participatory Action Research method was employed, and the mentorship was conducted in three steps: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The service team completed a preliminary analysis to identify the teachers' needs through interviews, observations, and documentation to ensure effective mentoring. The training results demonstrated a significant increase in participants' knowledge after participating in the P5 teaching module development mentorship. It was evidenced by the survey responses, in which 66.7% of the participants had an improved understanding of the Merdeka Curriculum material and the implementation of P5 through the teaching module.