bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The optimal cutoff for intertwin delivery interval: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Justman Naphtali , Somer Shmuel , Goldfreind Roee , Abu‐Rass Hiba , Siegler Yoav , Shahak Gilad , Bachar Gal , Copel Joshua A. , Zipori Yaniv , Khatib Nizar , Weiner Zeev , Vitner Dana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the cutoff of intertwin delivery intervals (IDIs) as a predictor for neonatal acidemia.MethodThis retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single tertiary care center. Women attempting vaginal delivery of twins between 2010 and 2019 and who reached the second stage of labor were included. The cutoff point for prolonged IDI was established using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Youden's J statistic. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between short and prolonged IDI cohorts.ResultsA total of 461 women were included in the study. A cutoff time of 10 min was found to be the best predictor for neonatal acidemia (arterial cord pH ≤ 7.1), with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 59%. Second twins delivered more than 10 min after the first twin were more likely to be acidemic and to have a 5‐min Apgar score of 7 or less (13.5% vs 3.3%, P = 0.01, and 8.4% vs 3.2%, P = 0.02, respectively). An IDI of more than 10 min was also associated with increased rate of cesarean delivery and placental abruption (13.5% vs 0.8%, P < 0.001, and 3.4% vs 0.8%, P = 0.047, respectively). No other adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes were statistically significant between cohorts.ConclusionAn IDI of more than 10 min is associated with a higher risk for neonatal academia, with a low 5‐min Apgar score, and higher cesarean delivery and placental abruption rates. These findings provide insights that are valuable when counseling and managing twin pregnancies attempting vaginal delivery. Interventions aimed at shortening the IDI should be considered to prevent adverse neonatal outcomes.
How do maternal and child health nurses incorporate infant mental health promotion into their clinical practice? Experiences of an Australian municipality
Authors: Stevens Helen , Sheeran Leanne , Buist Anne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe field of infant mental health (IMH) has offered valuable insights into the critical importance of social–emotional development, including the enduring influence of early experiences throughout life. Maternal and Child Health (MCH) nurses are ideally placed to facilitate knowledge sharing with parents. This Australian‐based qualitative exploratory descriptive study explored how MCH nurses incorporate IMH in their clinical practice, and how they share this information with caregivers. Ten community‐based MCH nurses participated in voluntary, semi‐structured interviews which were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Findings identified five themes that characterized how MCH nurses incorporated IMH concepts into their practice. These themes were: prioritizing physical health promotion activities, highlighting infant communications, variations in knowledge and application of IMH concepts, workplace time schedules, and the relational nature of the work. Recommendations include encouraging IMH as a health promotion activity, facilitating IMH assessment, further education, reflective supervision, and extension of predetermined appointment times to enable knowledge and skill sharing. Further research is also recommended to provide additional insights into how nurses with IMH training promote and share IMH concepts with caregivers. Adoption of these recommendations would further enhance the care given to families and the role of the MCH nurses.
Intestinal flora and pregnancy complications: Current insights and future prospects
Authors: Tian Zhenyu , Zhang Xinjie , Yao Guixiang , Jin Jiajia , Zhang Tongxue , Sun Chunhua , Wang Zhe , Zhang Qunye 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNumerous studies have demonstrated the pivotal roles of intestinal microbiota in many physiopathological processes through complex interactions with the host. As a unique period in a woman's lifespan, pregnancy is characterized by changes in hormones, immunity, and metabolism. The gut microbiota also changes during this period and plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Consequently, anomalies in the composition and function of the gut microbiota, namely, gut microbiota dysbiosis, can predispose individuals to various pregnancy complications, posing substantial risks to both maternal and neonatal health. However, there are still many controversies in this field, such as “sterile womb” versus “in utero colonization.” Therefore, a thorough understanding of the roles and mechanisms of gut microbiota in pregnancy and its complications is essential to safeguard the health of both mother and child. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the changes in gut microbiota during pregnancy, its abnormalities in common pregnancy complications, and potential etiological implications. It also explores the potential of gut microbiota in diagnosing and treating pregnancy complications and examines the possibility of gut‐derived bacteria residing in the uterus/placenta. Our aim is to expand knowledge in maternal and infant health from the gut microbiota perspective, aiding in developing new preventive and therapeutic strategies for pregnancy complications based on intestinal microecology.
CO2 reduction using aluminum hydride: Generation of in‐situ frustrated Lewis pairs and small molecule activation therein
Authors: Mondal Himangshu , Chattaraj Pratim Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCO2 reduction is appealing for the long‐term production of high‐value fuels and chemicals. Herein, using density functional theory (DFT) based calculations, we study the CO2 reduction pathway to formic acid using aluminum hydride and phosphine derivatives. Our primary focus is on aluminum hydride derivatives, aimed at improving the efficiency of the CO2 reduction process. Substituents with σ‐donating properties at the aluminum center are discovered to lower the activation barriers. We demonstrate how di‐tert‐butylphosphine oxide (LB‐O)/di‐tert‐butylphosphine sulfide (LB‐S)/di‐tert‐butylphosphanimine (LB‐N) work together with aluminum hydride to facilitate CO2 reduction process and generate in‐situ frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), such as FLP‐O, FLP‐S, and FLP‐N. The activation strain model (ASM) analysis reveals the significance of strain energy in determining activation barriers. EDA‐NOCV and PIO analyses elucidate the orbital interactions at the corresponding transition states. Furthermore, the study delves into the activation of various small molecules, such as dihydrogen, acetylene, ethylene, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and acetonitrile, using those in‐situ generated FLPs. The study highlights the low activation barriers and emphasizes the potential for small molecule activation in this context.
Optimization of mineral nutrients to improve rhamnolipid production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa6 K‐11
Authors: Alcalde Miguel Angel , Merino‐Rafael Fernando Abilio , Gutiérrez‐Moreno Susana Mónica 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDRhamnolipids are biosurfactants that have their main application in bioremediation processes. They are able to increase the biodegradation and detoxification rates from industrial effluents. The north of Peru and Iquitos have been not only major oil producers but also have been responsible for oil spills. This study therefore focused on the optimization of mineral nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, calcium and iron to improve rhamnolipids production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6 K‐11, which was isolated from oil soil in Peru.RESULTSPseudomonas aeruginosa 6 K‐11 was reactivated in Trypticase Soy Broth by scaling from 5 to 200 mL of culture medium for 8 h at each stage. The culture was centrifuged and placed in 100 mL Siegmund–Wagner medium for 36 h in a 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask. First, it was determined that sodium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, calcium chloride and iron sulfate were the best sources of mineral nutrients. Then, by using corn oil as carbon source, the ratios obtained for carbon‐to‐nitrogen and carbon‐to‐phosphorous were 21.172 and 16.279, respectively. In addition, it was found that the optimal concentration for calcium was 0.046 g L−1 and for iron was 0.003 g L−1. The most influential variables were carbon‐to‐nitrogen and carbon‐to‐phosphorus ratio. Finally, 35.124 g L−1 rhamnolipids was produced after 168 h of fermentation with the optimal parameters.CONCLUSIONThe optimization of mineral nutrients was an important achieved goal for rhamnolipid production. In addition, this optimization can be used for modifying the culture medium to grow the biosurfactant producer strain. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The association between age and telomere length is age‐dependent: Evidence for a threshold model of telomere length maintenance
Authors: Romero‐Haro Ana Á. , Mulder Ellis , Haussmann Mark F. , Tschirren Barbara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTelomere length and dynamics are commonly used biomarkers of somatic state, yet the role of telomeres underlying the aging process is still debated. Indeed, to date, empirical evidence for an association between age and telomere length is mixed. Here, we test if the age‐dependency of the association between age and telomere length can provide a potential explanation for the reported inconsistencies across studies. To this end, we quantified telomere length by telomere restriction fragment analysis in two groups of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) that differed in their age distribution. One group consisted of young adults only, whereas the second group consisted of adults across a wide range of ages. In the young adults group, there was a highly significant negative association between telomere length and age, whereas no association between age and telomere length was found in the all‐ages adults group. This difference between groups was not due to telomere length‐dependent selective disappearance. Our results shows that the association between telomere length and age is age‐dependent and suggest that the costs and benefits associated with telomere maintenance are dynamic across an individual's life course.
Immune escape of BA.2.86 is comparable to XBB subvariants from the plasma of BA.5‐ and BA.5‐XBB‐convalescent subpopulations
Authors: Yang Xiaoyun , Wang Yuan , Liang Ziteng , Cui Tingting , Chen Daxiang , Li Guichang , Xu Hao , Liu Siyi , Zhong Nanshan , Huang Weijin , Wang Zhongfang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe EG.5.1 variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has been prevalent since mid‐July 2023 in the United States and China. The variant BA.2.86 has become a major concern because it is 34 mutations away from the parental variant BA.2 and >30 mutations from XBB.1.5. There is an urgent need to evaluate whether the immunity of the population and current vaccines are protective against EG.5.1 and BA.2.86. Based on a cohort of two breakthrough‐infected groups, the levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against different subvariants were measured using pseudovirus‐based neutralization assays. XBB.1.5, EG.5.1, and BA.2.86 are comparably immune‐evasive from neutralization by the plasma of individuals recovered from BA.5 infection (BA.5‐convalescent) or XBB.1.9.2/XBB.1.5 infection following BA.5 infection (BA.5‐XBB‐convalescent). NAb levels against EG.5.1 and BA.2.86 subvariants remained >120 geometric mean titers (GMTs) in BA.5‐XBB‐convalescent individuals 2 months postinfection but were <40 GMTs in BA.5‐convalescent individuals. Furthermore, the XBB‐targeting messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine RQ3033 induced higher levels of NAbs against XBB.1.5, EG.5.1, and BA.2.86 than against BA.5‐XBB infection. The results suggest that BA.2.86 and EG.5.1 are unlikely to cause more severe concerns than the currently circulating XBB subvariants and that the XBB.1.5‐targeting mRNA vaccine tested has promising protection against EG.5.1 and BA.2.86.
Genotypic diversity and long‐term impact of human bocavirus on diarrheal disease: Insights from historical fecal samples in Brazil
Authors: Viana Ellen , França Yasmin , de Azevedo Lais S. , Medeiros Roberta S. , Guiducci Raquel , Guadagnucci Simone , Luchs Adriana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the frequency and genotypic diversity of human bocavirus (HBoV) in historical fecal samples collected before 2005 in Brazil and understand its natural history in patients with diarrhea. Between 1998 and 2005, 3347 samples were tested for HBoV by RT‐PCR, with a detection rate of 5.8% (195/3347). Coinfection with norovirus (NoV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) was found in 34.9% (68/195), indicating HBoV's potential role as a causative agent of diarrheal disease. The detection rate varied over the years (p < 0.05), suggesting natural oscillatory fluctuations. HBoV was more prevalent in fall and winter, with higher positivity in children ≤5 years (p < 0.05), reinforcing that HBoV is an important pathogen in childhood diarrhea. Genotyping (32.8%; 64/195) revealed the circulation of HBoV‐1 (79.7%, 51/64), HBoV‐3 (12.5%, 8/64), HBoV‐2 (6.2%, 4/64), and the rare HBoV‐4 (1.6%, 1/64). Difference in HBoV‐1 and HBoV‐2/‐3 mono‐infections prevalence (p < 0.05), suggests a potential role of HBoV‐1 in the pathogenicity of diarrheal disease. The study highlights HBoV's lasting impact on viral gastroenteritis in Brazil and emphasizes its genotypic diversity. Recommending screening for HBoV in public health laboratories is crucial for understanding its role in gastrointestinal diseases. The data also contribute to understanding the molecular characterization of enteric viruses in historical fecal samples.
Evaluating the impact of lactase supplementation on infant colic: Study protocol for a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kozłowska‐Jalowska Anna , Stróżyk Agata , Horvath Andrea , Szajewska Hania 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInfant colic is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects infants during their first months of life. The etiology of this condition remains unclear. However, some studies suggest lactase deficiency may be a contributing factor. Currently, the evidence on dietary treatment and lactase supplementation for management of infant colic is limited. We aim to systematically review evidence on the efficacy and safety of using a lactase supplementation for managing infant colic. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, the Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, and EMBASE will be searched to identify randomized controlled trials comparing oral lactase supplementation with placebo or no intervention in infants aged less than 6‐month‐old with infant colic using any recognized definition. The risk of bias will be assessed using the second version of the Cochrane Collaboration's risk‐of‐bias tool. The main outcome will be the number of responders in each group after treatment, defined as infants who experienced a decrease in daily crying as reported by the study authors. Additional outcomes will include the duration and frequency of crying episodes, infant sleep duration, parental satisfaction, discomfort of infants, number of hospital admissions, family quality of life, and adverse events during the intervention. The study findings will be published in a peer‐reviewed journal and will be submitted to relevant conferences.
Hollow‐Core Fiber: Breaking the Nonlinearity Limits of Silica Fiber in Long‐Distance Green Laser Pulse Delivery
Authors: Fu Qiang , Davidson Ian A. , Mousavi Seyed Mohammad A. , Mulvad Hans Christian H. , Wheeler Natalie V. , Xu Lin , Poletti Francesco , Richardson David J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHollow‐core fiber (HCF), in which >99.99% of the light is guided in a central air (or vacuum) filled core, is a radically new fiber technology offering the potential to overcome the nonlinear limits associated with the delivery of high‐brightness laser pulses over long distances in conventional solid‐core fiber. Overcoming these limits is particularly challenging at visible wavelengths where the core sizes of single‐mode fibers (SMFs) are reduced. In this work, the delivery of near‐diffraction‐limited, kilowatt‐peak‐power, sub‐nanosecond laser pulses in the green wavelength range over hundred‐meter scale lengths of a hollow‐core anti‐resonant fiber (HC‐ARF) which offers broadband low‐loss guidance in the visible is experimentally demonstrated. Substantially reduced nonlinearity‐induced spectral broadening is observed relative to silica‐core SMF. The simulation further confirms that the broadening observed (in the HC‐ARF) is entirely due to the interaction of the light with the air in the core and thus can effectively be eliminated by evacuating the fiber. Moreover, access to lower‐loss is noted, and visible guiding HC‐ARFs (that are now becoming available) will improve the throughput efficiency and extend power delivery to kilometer distance scales. The results demonstrated here pave the way for future long‐distance HCF pulse delivery applications, such as remote industrial e‐mobility manufacturing.
Observation of Topological Corner State Arrays in Photonic Quasicrystals
Authors: Shi Aoqian , Peng Yiwei , Jiang Jiapei , Peng Yuchen , Peng Peng , Chen Jianzhi , Chen Hongsheng , Wen Shuangchun , Lin Xiao , Gao Fei , Liu Jianjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecently, the studies of topological corner states (TCSs) have been extended from crystals to quasicrystals, which are referred to as higher‐order topological quasicrystalline insulators (HOTQIs). However, the TCSs of complete quasi‐periodic structure in photonic systems have yet to be demonstrated. Moreover, there is only one TCS in each corner region in higher‐order topological insulators (HOTIs). Increasing the number of TCS is expected to increase the application potential of TCSs. In this work, HOTQIs in photonic systems are experimentally observed. It is found that HOTQIs possess TCS arrays, and each TCS array contains several TCSs. Furthermore, the universal theoretical framework of the multimer analysis method is improved, and the difference in the average charge density is proposed as a real‐space topological index. These results will open up new ideas for investigating highly integrated, multi‐region localized TCSs and are expected to provide new ways to explore topological phenomena and the applications of photonic quasicrystals.
Emerging Fe3+ Doped Broad NIR‐Emitting Phosphor Ca2.5Hf2.5(Ga, Al)3O12: Fe3+ for LWUV Pumped NIR LED
Authors: Yan Liqing , Zhu Ge , Ma Song , Li Shanshan , Li Zhuowei , Luo Xixian , Dong Bin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFe3+ is a promising dopant for designing near‐infrared (NIR) phosphors due to its broadband emitting, non‐toxic, and inexpensive properties. However, the 4E (4D) and 4E + 4A1 (4G) levels of Fe3+ ions are independent of the crystal‐field parameter, and the spectral regulation has become a huge challenge. Herein, a broadband NIR‐emitting phosphor Ca2.5Hf2.5(Ga, Al)3O12: Fe3+ is successfully developed toward long‐wave ultraviolet (LWUV) light‐pumped NIR phosphor‐converted LED (pc‐LED). Significantly, the excited transition reverse of Ca2.5Hf2.5Ga3O12: Fe3+ can be realized by simply adjusting Fe3+ concentration, which results in the largely enhanced excitation around 410 nm and matches well with the commercial LWUV LED. Moreover, Ca2.5Hf2.5Ga3O12: Fe3+ can exhibit a broadband NIR emission centered at 770 nm with optimized doping content at 0.01 mol%, which are demonstrated to ascribe to Fe3+ occupying both octahedral Hf 4+ and tetrahedral Ga3+ sites. Further, a simple cation modulation strategy is proposed to successfully break the lattice symmetry around Fe3+ ions and largely enhance the NIR‐emission intensity to 200% as much as before. Finally, a NIR pc‐LED is fabricated by employing Ca2.5Hf2.5Ga3O12: Fe3+, Al3+ coating on a 410 nm LED chip, which shows great potential in non‐destructive inspection applications.
Imidazolium‐Based Main‐Chain Copolymers With Alternating Sequences for Broad‐Spectrum Bactericidal Activity and Eradication of Bacterial Biofilms
Authors: Liu Changjiang , Han Jialei , Li Zeyuan , Liu Yadong , Wu Ruodai , Cao Shuaishuai , Wu Dalin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn response to the escalating challenge of bacterial drug resistance, the imperative to counteract planktonic cell proliferation and eliminate entrenched biofilms underscores the necessity for cationic polymeric antibacterials. However, limited efficacy and cytotoxicity challenge their practical use. Here, novel imidazolium‐based main‐chain copolymers with imidazolium (PIm+) as the cationic component are introduced. By adjusting precursor molecules, hydrophobicity and cationic density of each unit are fine‐tuned, resulting in broad‐spectrum bactericidal activity against clinically relevant pathogens. PIm+1 stands out for its potent antibacterial performance, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 µg mL−1 against Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and substantial biofilm reduction in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilms. The bactericidal mechanism involves disrupting the outer and cytoplasmic membranes, depolarizing the cytoplasmic membrane, and triggering intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Collectively, this study postulates the potential of imidazolium‐based main‐chain copolymers, systematically tailored in their sequences, to serve as a promising candidate in combatting drug‐resistant bacterial infections.
Challenge and Design Strategies of Polymer Organic Electrodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yin Mengjia , Zhou Xingping , Xue Zhigang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to the scarcity of metallic lithium and the limited specific energy density of traditional inorganic cathodes, the application of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) in the large‐scale energy storage market is severely limited. To meet the growing power demands of electric vehicles and electronics, low‐cost and sustainable battery technologies need to be developed. Organic batteries and organic electrode materials emerge at a historic moment and show great potential. Polymer organic materials (POEs) with longer cycle life than small organic molecules that are easily soluble in liquid electrolytes provide more opportunities for advanced electrode materials. However, many issues remain to be addressed before POEs are widely used, such as sluggish electrode reaction kinetics and poor electronic conductivity. Herein, the classification, energy storage mechanism and features of POEs are briefly summarized. Further, the existing problems and design strategies of POEs are discussed and summarized in depth. This review aims to highlight the potential role of structural and morphological design in improving the practical performance of POEs in LIBs and provides insights into the in‐depth understanding and development of organic batteries and organic electrode materials.