bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Bible, Heterosexism, and the American Public Discussion of Sexual Orientation
Authors: Countryman L William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although the United States of America has a long tradition of separation between church and state, this has never meant that religion is unimportant in our public discourse. The belief of some intellectuals, in the middle of this century, that religion was withering away among us has been disconfirmed; and there has never been any firewall between religious belief and public discourse. After all, public discourse in matters of importance must always be anchored, focused, and oriented by those things that the community or culture holds sacred: those values that seem beyond challenge and provide the foundation for resolving conflicts. In the United States, some of our sacred themes are rooted in democracy and in principles of free market capitalism; some in an older, more cooperative communalism still present, though fading, in rural areas; some in traditions of British common law; some in the Enlightenment; some in our particular national experience. But probably no single influence has been more important in establishing our sense of what is sacred than Protestant Christianity.
Albrecht Dürer: Renaissance Humanist Reform
Authors: Dillenberger John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
AT THE TIME OF LUTHER’S ISSUANCE OF THE Ninety-five Theses in 1517, Albrecht Dilrer had already been an artist of note for three decades. While one may say the same of the Wittenberg artist Lucas Cranach the Elder, after 1517 the life spans of Dilrer and Cranach were quite different. Cranach the Elder lived another twenty-five years under the full impact of the Reformation. By contrast, the Nuremberg Dilrer lived only another eleven years after the posting of the theses. He died in 1528, a year before the beginning of Cranach’s Law and Gospel woodcuts and panels, the first full blown works of art representing Luther’s thinking.
Michelangelo Buonarroti: Catholic Reformation Piety
Authors: Dillenberger John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Michelangelo’s entire working life, from the beginning of the sixteenth century into its sixth decade, occurs in the midst of reforming religious currents that, for all their different shapes, characterized the life of the Roman Catholic Church of his time. While the early period centered more on issues of morality, wealth, and abuse of traditions than on strictly theological issues, they nevertheless signify that from the very beginning of his life’s work, reform issues were not foreign to the church Michelangelo knew. He never forgot Savonarola and his powerful, fiery, sometimes vividly detailed apoca lypticism. While Savonarola’s death in 1498 came because he defied papal power and also because he lost popular support in the political setting of Flo rence, Michelangelo remembered his impact, though Savonarola died when Michelangelo was only twenty-three years old.
Given Michelangelo’s later history, one wonders if he was at all influenced by theories of justification, albeit in a Catholic context, or by affirmations of the resurrection of the body over against the immortality of the soul, found in Savonarola’s The Triumph of the Cross.1 Moreover, Michelangelo’s
The Rejection And Repositioning Of Visual Images
Authors: Dillenberger John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Iconoclastic Movements Are Inevitably political, so much so that some historians see religious debates as irrelevant, masking what is essentially a social issue. Surely, religious perceptions are embedded in a social matrix; but a social matrix also has religious ideas as part of its very fabric. There is a difference between destroying an image because it is an idol to be cast aside and doing so because creating art and image requires money that could be used to help the poor. But we face a complexity that calling the situation social does not solve.
Asia’s Computer Challenge
Authors: Dedrick Jason , Kraemer Kenneth L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How did the computer industry evolve into its present global structure? Why have some Asian countries succeeded more than others? Jason Dedrick and Kenneth L. Kraemer delve into these questions and emerge with an explanation of the rapid rise of the computer industry in the Asia-Pacific region. Asia’s Computer Challenge makes a systematic comparison of the historical development of the computer industries of Japan, Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan and concludes that neither a plan versus market, nor a country versus company dichotomy fully explains the diversity found among these countries. The authors identify a new force--the emergence of a global production network. Reaching beyond specific companies and countries, this book explores the strategic implications for the Asian-Pacific countries and the United states. Now East Asia is faced with a challenge; they must make the move from low margin hardware business to high margin software and information businesses, while Americans must respond by maintaining leadership in standards, design, marketing, and business innovation.
Short-Term and Working Memory
Authors: Baddeley Alan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The study of short-term memory, the retention of small amounts of information over brief time intervals, formed a major component of the development of cognitive psychology during the 1960s. It had a strong theoretical component, derived from the increasingly influential computer metaphor, combined in Britain at least with a concern for application to problems such as those of air traffic communication (Broadbent, 1958) and of coding in tele phony and postal systems (Conrad, 1964).
Serial Learning: Cognition and Behavior
Authors: Crowder Robert G , Greene Robert L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Probably no concept has been studied as long in the experimental study of memory as that of serial learning-that is, learning a series of items in order. Clearly, recalling things in the proper order is crucial in limited situations, such as remembering telephone numbers or word spellings. More generally, however, any skilled behavior critically depends on the mastery of order. Consider the most distinctively human skill-that of language. At least among adults, information is generally carried not by the use of novel stimuli but by the ordering of long-familiar words and phrases.
Metamemory: Theory and Data
Authors: Metcalfe Janet 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his search for “The First Principle,” Descartes (1911) questioned all of what we might now call his basic object-level cognitive processes (Nelson & Narens, 1990, 1994; Moscovitch, 1994), allowing that he could imagine that things were different than they seemed or that they might not exist at all. It was not so much thinking that was indisputable to Descartes, but rather thinking about thinking.
The Light that Shines Straight
Authors: Townes Charles H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On July 21, 1969, astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin setup an array of small reflectors on the moon and faced them toward Earth. At the same time, two teams of astrophysicists on Earth-240,000 miles away-at the University of California’s Lick Observatory and at the University of Texas’s McDonald Observatory, prepared small instruments on two big telescopes. They took careful note of the location of that first manned landing on the moon. About ten days later, the Lick team pointed the telescope at that precise location and sent a small pulse of power into the tiny piece of hardware they had added to the telescope.
On Moon Dust, and Other Science Advice
Authors: Townes Charles H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Late in the summer of 19 51, I was a member of a party headed for a dry lake bed in the Southern California high desert, west of Death Valley and east of the sharp-edged peaks of the southern Sierra. We were to visit an installation at China Lake, born as a rocket-testing site and run by Caltech during World War II. The Navy ran it after that. We found a cluster of radar tracking sites, hangars, barracks, and laboratories set on an alkaline flat, amid lava flows and cinder cones. The smooth and wide extent of the dry lake bed, like an aircraft carrier without edges, and the isolation from any dense human settlements made it a perfect place for testing rockets, missiles, or experimental airplanes.
Dreams of Interpretation in Early Chinese Historical and Philosophical Writings
Authors: Li Wai-yee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the Zuo zhuan1 (Zuo Commentary Tradition, ca. fifth to fourth centuries B.c.?), the earliest narrative history in China, the representation of dreams emerges as one way to structure events and to impose order on human experience. Dreams establish causality-on the symbolic level, as a sign that is fulfilled, unravelled, or betrayed; on the literal level, as advice or warning heeded or defied. The representation of dreams is motivated by the need to interpret and define causes and consequences. In this sense it asserts or questions the “readability” of the world and shapes our understanding of causality, human agency, and possible “reason in history” (be it a moral scheme rewarding good and punishing evil, or a certain vision of order or teleology). I suggest that themes of control and order, or lack thereof, are dominant. Thus with dreams that realize ritual disorder or improper relations between the human world and the realm of the spirits, interpretation restores ritual equilibrium. Even when the message of the dream, often about the dreamer’s death, is implacable, the struggle of control over its meaning is evident in the dream itself and/or its interpretation. Arbitrary injunctions in dreams and equivocal dreams that invite different decoding augur moments of loss of control, which are often overcome with interpretive ingenuity, but which nevertheless lead us to consider the scope and meaning of skepticism.
Dreaming the Self in South India
Authors: Shulman David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Once there was a city that was swallowed up by the sea. The disaster was not entirely unexpected, for a conditional curse had long before been laid upon the place, a curse connected to the dependable human potential for forgetting: if the king were ever to forget to celebrate the festival of the god Indra, the city would be flooded and destroyed. Close to the event, there were signs-dreamlike announcements and prophecies-that the condition was about to be fulfilled. But in the end it was, as usual, a matter of too much loving, and longing, and the inevitable sorrow that they entail.
Mythic Dreams and Double Voicing
Authors: Tedlock Dennis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When we interpret the dreams of others, the process of interpretation has always already begun before we get there. At the simplest level, this means that we begin our interpretation when the dreamer has already formulated a narrative, one which may have been reformulated through successive retellings. But there is more to it than that. Before the narrative comes the rethinking of the dream by the awakening dreamer, and before the dream is even over comes the dreamer’s interpretation of its ongoing events, an interpretation that may even include the realization that what is happening is a dream. But instead of treating prior interpretation as an obstacle to be overcome, I want to take it seriously as a phenomenon in its own right. And instead of trying to capture the dreams of others as they are told immediately afterward by the same individuals who dreamed them, as if to minimize prior interpretation, I want to attend to the ways in which others tell dreams that happened long ago to dreamers long gone.
Dream Interpretation in a Prosperous Age? Artemidorus, the Greek Interpreter of Dreams
Authors: Waide Christine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In contrast to modem society and culture, in Greco-Roman antiquity dreaming and dream interpretation played a central role in a wide range of contexts. In the Asclepian cult practice of incubation, the dream was considered a sphere of communication shared by the god and the dreamer. The topic of the discourse was almost exclusively disease. While sleeping in the temple, ill people were spontaneously restored to health by the god in their dreams, or received sometimes clear, sometimes encoded instructions for furthering the healing process. The dream was perceived in this particular function but was not the object of systematic research, although cases of healing that the priests recorded in praise of the god, always comprising the dream experience, might have allowed for this, too.
Divine Selection Epiphany and Politics in Archaic Greece
Authors: Sinos Rebecca H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After Peisistratos was driven from Athens, he formed an alliance with Megakles, to be sealed by his marriage to Megakles’ daughter, and the two of them devised a plan to ensure Peisistratos’ acceptance among the Athenians. Herodotus describes their scheme as follows (r .60): In the village Paiania there was a woman named Phye, who was nearly six feet tall, and quite beautiful as well. They fitted this woman out in full armor and had her mount a chariot and pose in a most striking attitude, and then drove into the city, preceded by messengers who said, as they had been instructed, when they reached the city, “Athenians! Receive and welcome Peisistratos, since Athena herself has honored him especially of all men, and is bringing him back to her own acropolis.’’ They spread these things throughout the city, and soon the story had reached the outlying districts that Athena was bringing Peisistratos back, and the city’s inhabitants, convinced that the woman was the goddess herself, offered prayers to this mortal woman and welcomed Peisistratos back.
Hero Cult and Politics in Herodotus
Authors: Boedeker Deborah 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
RECENT studies of Greek hero cult have concentrated on two new emphases: on the one hand, the variety and multiplicity of phenomena that have been grouped under this rubric (a particular focus of Carla Antonaccio, Chapter 3, this volume), and on the other, their complex connections to the development of the polis. Several kinds of hero cults emerged together with the archaic city-state and contributed much to the expression of its identity and institutions. In addition to helping define a polis at an early stage of its existence, hero cults could also reflect its nature as it developed, geographically, politically, and ideologically in later periods. As Claude Berard writes: “The city forms itself in a slow evolution, periodically marked by a series of ideological foundations.’’3 In addition to cults of the “city founders,” in whom Berard is especially interested, new cults of heroes from the distant past were sometimes introduced in association with political changes; perhaps most familiar are the ten new Attic phyle heroes incorporated as part of the Kleisthenic reforms (Hdt. 5.66).Assuming these two perspectives - the variety of hero cults and their relationship to political identity - this essay offers an expanded interpretation of a much-discussed passage in Herodotus: the translation of the bones of Orestes from Tegea to Sparta (1.66-8).
The Nature of Myth
Authors: Wilk Stephen R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recently, There Has Been A resurgence of interest in mythology as the baby boom generation reaches middle age and begins to ponder its place in the universe. Robert Bly’s Iron john and Clarissa Estes’s Women Who Run with the Wolves use myths to help modern men and women orient themselves. Mythologist Joseph Campbell has undergone an apocolocyntosis and has, like many of his subjects, become deified. His monumental series The Masks of God and The Hero with a Thousand Faces dominate the mythology shelves at libraries and bookstores. His lectures are available on audiotape, and Bill Moyers interviews him on video. The television series Northern Exposure adapted classic myths in new and interesting forms. Disney studios released an animated (and highly modified) version of the Hercules story for the motion picture screen. Director Sam Raimi has produced television series based on Hercules and Sinbad, using his characteristic smash-cut editing style, mixed with jarringly modern plots and dialogue and leavened with dollops of stunning computer animation. In today’s world, myths are important-or at least interesting.
The Face on the Shield
Authors: Wilk Stephen R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thus Does Homer Describe The New shield that Hephaestus makes for Achilles, to replace the one that was lost when Achilles let his protege Patroclus bear his arms and armor against the Trojans. After killing the young warrior, Hector stripped him and took Achilles’s armor for himself. The new shield is described in great and loving detail. It provides justification for bringing up other stories as asides, and it recalls the long-gone days when each piece of armament was a lovingly wrought work of art. The fragment called “The Shield of Hercules” was undoubtedly written in imitation of this passage from The Iliad, in which the lines quoted above are only the introduction to a much longer description.
Synthesis
Authors: Wilk Stephen R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In This Chapter, I Intend To sum up my observations and draw everything together into a tidy package. But here, too, I plan to take the bits that wouldn’t fit tidily in that package and lay them out for you, the readers, to see-disordered remnants that I couldn’t put elsewhere without disrupting the flow. I also want to mention, briefly, the research philosophy behind this book, which may help explain why I have arrived at different conclusions from everyone else.
Deus Trinitas
Authors: Coffey David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recent years have seen a resurgence of interest in the doctrine of the Trinity, following a long period in which it was considered irrelevant to the rest of theology and to the challenge of Christian life. In this book, David Coffey claims that this resurgence is caused by a renewed appreciation of the fact that salvation itself has a Trinitarian structure. He argues that we cannot understand salvation without a solid understanding of the Trinity. Coffey considers the full range of issues surrounding this central doctrine of Christian faith. Viewing the doctrine of the Trinity in its historical and ecumenical context, he seeks to arrive at a balanced vision that incorporates the insights of both the Western and the Eastern Churches. In particular, he wants to keep in sight both the immanent Trinity (the Godhead considered in itself) and the economic Trinity (that is, its role within the economy of salvation). In Coffeys own model of the Trinity, the Holy Spirit is seen as the objectivization of the mutual love of the Father and the Son. This idea is most closely associated with St. Augustine and Richard of St. Victor. Coffey, however, takes it much further, presenting it as an explanation of the origin of the Son and the Holy Spirit and of the manner of operation of the Trinity in the economy. From this model, he is also able to derive a suggestion for resolving the ecumenical problem of Filioquism vs. Monopatrism (concerning the procession of the Holy Spirit)--the issue that has divided East from West for nearly a millennium. Presenting a new perspective on a topic of renewed theological interest, this comprehensive study has important implications for ecumenical discussions of the Trinity.
Models of the Immanent Trinity
Authors: Coffey David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
My reflections thus far have resulted in two biblical models of the Trinity, which I have called the mission model and the return model. These in turn have led us to two corresponding models of the immanent Trinity, the procession or distinction model and the return or union model. In this chapter I reflect further on these models of the immanent Trinity in the hope that by continued comparison and contrast I shall be able in some measure to clarify certain issues that in the past have proved difficult and controversial. While doing this I bear in mind that, while the exercise is in a sense an end in itself, it does have a further and arguably more important end, namely, to enable us to return to the biblical data to appropriate them in a new way, a way that will be ontological rather than merely functional, and reflective rather than simplistic or fundamentalist. In what follows, for the sake of convenience certain words will be used that of themselves indicate a time sequence, for example, “then,” “next,” and so on. In every case, as so often elsewhere in this book, it will be a sequence of logical order, not of time, that is meant.
Change in God
Authors: Coffey David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter 1 propose to examine the question of “change” or “mutability” in God. As we proceed, we shall see that the important religious question for us is one that depends directly on the possibility of a relational and loving, truly personal, God. 1 say “possibility” because the perfection and transcendence of God, taught in Scripture, safeguarded by the teaching of the Church and expounded by a continuous theological tradition, are increasingly being perceived as incompatible with the God of traditional Christian piety, with a God, that is, who truly loves us, is affected by our suffering and responds to our prayers. In this confused situation there are some who, feeling faced with a choice, prefer to sacrifice the divine transcendence rather than risk losing this God of piety, not realizing, however, that they thereby abandon the God of revelation in favor of a human creation. My task therefore will be to show how these two conceptions of God can be held together without contradiction. Because mutability in God is a key proposition of Process theology, a movement that has been conspicuously successful, particularly in the English-speaking world, I shall critically examine what this school has to say on this subject. I shall then look quite briefly but critically at what the Eastern Orthodox Palamite tradition contributes to the discussion. This critical work will favorably position me to argue more positively for a view of my own, one that 1 hope will give due place to all the relevant elements of the tradition.
Jesus
Authors: Ehrman Bart D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this highly accessible discussion, Bart Ehrman examines the most recent textual and archaeological sources for the life of Jesus, along with the history of first-century Palestine, drawing a fascinating portrait of the man and his teachings. Ehrman shows us what historians have long known about the Gospels and the man who stands behind them. Through a careful evaluation of the New Testament (and other surviving sources, including the more recently discovered Gospels of Thomas and Peter), Ehrman proposes that Jesus can be best understood as an apocalyptic prophet--a man convinced that the world would end dramatically within the lifetime of his apostles and that a new kingdom would be created on earth. According to Ehrman, Jesus' belief in a coming apocalypse and his expectation of an utter reversal in the world's social organization not only underscores the radicalism of his teachings but also sheds light on both the appeal of his message to society's outcasts and the threat he posed to Jerusalem's established leadership.
the end of history as we know it
Authors: Ehrman Bart D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For nearly two thousand years there have been christians who have thought that the world was going to end in their own lifetimes. The thesis of this book is that this belief is as ancient as the Christian religion itself, that it can he traced all the way back to the beginning, to the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus thought that the history of the world would come to a screeching halt, that God ’ould intervene in the affairs of this planet, overthrow the forces of evil in a co mica act of judgment, and establish his utopian Kingdom here on earth. And this watt happen within Jesus’ own generation.