bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biophysical Impact of Multiple Surface Forcings on Land Surface Temperature Over Eastern China
Authors: Li Yitao , Li Zhao‐Liang , Wu Hua , Liu Xiangyang , Si Menglin , Li Jing , Shen Pengke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOver the past decades, human activities have directly or indirectly driven the land surface changes in eastern China. These anthropogenic forcings could trigger biochemical feedback and alter the surface biophysical properties, thus affecting local temperature. However, the latter is recognized as the “noise” and ignored when assessing historical or future climate. Here, we adopt the “observation minus reanalysis” (OMR) method to isolate the biophysical temperature footprint of multiple surface changes in eastern China over 2001–2018, using remote sensing land surface temperature and reanalysis skin temperature. A spatial regression model was used to separate the contributions from different processes. We find the biophysical feedbacks of surface changes have an annual cooling effect of −0.072 K/decade in eastern China, and the contributions from urban expansion, agricultural development, and natural vegetation greening are 0.042, −0.042, and −0.072 K/decade, correspondingly. The Northeast Plain shows agricultural activities induced cooling of −0.040 K/decade; the Loess Plateau shows natural vegetation recovery dominated cooling of −0.145 K/decade; the Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain demonstrates a predominant urbanization warming effect of 0.124 K/decade; the Middle‐lower Yangtze shows natural vegetation greening related cooling of −0.106 K/decade. Both the intensity of the land surface changes and the temperature sensitivities drive the large spatial variability of the temperature effect. Overall, the temperature effects of surface changes are spatially heterogeneous and show considerable magnitudes. We emphasize that vegetation changes in eastern China show a strong surface cooling effect, and may contribute to the regional climate mitigation in the context of global warming.
Global database of cement production assets and upstream suppliers
Authors: Tkachenko Nataliya , Tang Kevin , McCarten Matthew , Reece Steven , Kampmann David , Hickey Conor , Bayaraa Maral , Foster Peter , Layman Courtney , Rossi Cristian , Scott Kimberly , Yoken Dave , Christiaen Christophe , Caldecott Ben 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCement producers and their investors are navigating evolving risks and opportunities as the sector’s climate and sustainability implications become more prominent. While many companies now disclose greenhouse gas emissions, the majority from carbon-intensive industries appear to delegate emissions to less efficient suppliers. Recognizing this, we underscore the necessity for a globally consolidated asset-level dataset, which acknowledges production inputs provenance. Our approach not only consolidates data from established sources like development banks and governments but innovatively integrates the age of plants and the sourcing patterns of raw materials as two foundational variables of the asset-level data. These variables are instrumental in modeling cement production utilization rates, which in turn, critically influence a company’s greenhouse emissions. Our method successfully combines geospatial computer vision and Large Language Modelling techniques to ensure a comprehensive and holistic understanding of global cement production dynamics.
A novel sorting signal for RNA packaging into small extracellular vesicles
Authors: Oka Yuma , Tanaka Kosei , Kawasaki Yuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in the transport of functional RNAs to target recipient cells in numerous physiological processes. The RNA profiles present in EVs differed significantly from those in the originating cells, suggesting selective and active loading of specific RNAs into EVs. Small EVs (sEVs) obtained by stepwise ultracentrifugation have been reported to contain non-sEV components. Analysis of sEVs separated from non-sEVs components revealed that microRNAs may not be released by sEVs. This has raised interest in other RNA types, such as mRNA, which may be functional molecules released by sEVs. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying selective loading of mRNA into sEVs remain unclear. Here, we show that the part of 3′ untranslated region (UTR) sequence of RAB13 selectively enriches RNA in sEVs and serves as an RNA signal for loading into sEVs. Our results demonstrate that RAB13 is the most enriched RNA in sEVs, and this enrichment is primarily driven by its 3′UTR sequence. These findings highlight the potential of the RAB13 3′UTR sequence as an RNA signal that enables the loading of target RNA into sEVs. This technology has the potential to improve EV-based drug delivery and other applications.
A multimodal deep learning model for predicting severe hemorrhage in placenta previa
Authors: Akazawa Munetoshi , Hashimoto Kazunori 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlacenta previa causes life-threatening bleeding and accurate prediction of severe hemorrhage leads to risk stratification and optimum allocation of interventions. We aimed to use a multimodal deep learning model to predict severe hemorrhage. Using MRI T2-weighted image of the placenta and tabular data consisting of patient demographics and preoperative blood examination data, a multimodal deep learning model was constructed to predict cases of intraoperative blood loss > 2000 ml. We evaluated the prediction performance of the model by comparing it with that of two machine learning methods using only tabular data and MRI images, as well as with that of two human expert obstetricians. Among the enrolled 48 patients, 26 (54.2%) lost > 2000 ml of blood and 22 (45.8%) lost < 2000 ml of blood. Multimodal deep learning model showed the best accuracy of 0.68 and AUC of 0.74, whereas the machine learning model using tabular data and MRI images had a class accuracy of 0.61 and 0.53, respectively. The human experts had median accuracies of 0.61. Multimodal deep learning models could integrate the two types of information and predict severe hemorrhage cases. The model might assist human expert in the prediction of intraoperative hemorrhage in the case of placenta previa.
Parallel signatures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human Y-chromosome phylogeography support the Two Layer model of East Asian population history
Authors: Silcocks Matthew , Dunstan Sarah J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Two Layer hypothesis is fast becoming the favoured narrative describing East Asian population history. Under this model, hunter-gatherer groups who initially peopled East Asia via a route south of the Himalayas were assimilated by agriculturalist migrants who arrived via a northern route across Eurasia. A lack of ancient samples from tropical East Asia limits the resolution of this model. We consider insight afforded by patterns of variation within the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) by analysing its phylogeographic signatures jointly with the human Y-chromosome. We demonstrate the Y-chromosome lineages enriched in the traditionally hunter-gatherer groups associated with East Asia’s first layer of peopling to display deep roots, low long-term effective population size, and diversity patterns consistent with a southern entry route. These characteristics mirror those of the evolutionarily ancient Mtb lineage 1. The remaining East Asian Y-chromosome lineage is almost entirely absent from traditionally hunter-gatherer groups and displays spatial and temporal characteristics which are incompatible with a southern entry route, and which link it to the development of agriculture in modern-day China. These characteristics mirror those of the evolutionarily modern Mtb lineage 2. This model paves the way for novel host-pathogen coevolutionary research hypotheses in East Asia.
Larmor precession in strongly correlated itinerant electron systems
Authors: van Loon Erik G. C. P. , Strand Hugo U. R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany-electron systems undergo a collective Larmor precession in the presence of a magnetic field. In a paramagnetic metal, the resulting spin wave provides insight into the correlation effects generated by the electron-electron interaction. Here, we use dynamical mean-field theory to investigate the collective Larmor precession in the strongly correlated regime, where dynamical correlation effects such as quasiparticle lifetimes and non-quasiparticle states are essential. We study the spin excitation spectrum, which includes a dispersive Larmor mode as well as electron-hole excitations that lead to Stoner damping. We also extract the momentum-resolved damping of slow spin waves. The accurate theoretical description of these phenomena relies on the Ward identity, which guarantees a precise cancellation of self-energy and vertex corrections at long wavelengths. Our findings pave the way towards a better understanding of spin wave damping in correlated materials.
The climate benefit of seagrass blue carbon is reduced by methane fluxes and enhanced by nitrous oxide fluxes
Authors: Eyre Bradley D. , Camillini Nicola , Glud Ronnie N. , Rosentreter Judith A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBlue carbon is carbon stored long-term in vegetated coastal ecosystems, which constitutes an important sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). However, because methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) have higher global warming potentials (GWP) than CO2, their production and release during organic matter diagenesis can affect the climate benefit of blue carbon. Here, we present a meta-analysis synthesizing seagrass CH4 and N2O fluxes and long-term organic carbon burial rates, and use these data to estimate the reduced climate benefit (offsets) of seagrass blue carbon using three upscaling approaches. Mean offsets for individual seagrass species (34.7% GWP20;1.0% GWP100) and globally (33.4% GWP20;7.0% GWP100) were similar, but GWP20 offsets were higher, and GWP100 offsets were lower than globally, for the Australian region (41.3% GWP20;1.1% GWP100). This study highlights the importance of using long-term organic carbon burial rates and accounting for both CH4 and N2O fluxes in future seagrass blue carbon assessments.
Optimal congestion management in network routers subject to constraints, disturbances, and noise using the model predictive control approach
Authors: Nasiri Bijan , Bayat Farhad , Mohammadkhani MohammadAli , Bartoszewicz Andrzej 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA predictive queue management method is proposed for constrained congestion control in internet routers in the face of communication delays. The proposed method uses the queue and router models, input traffic rate, and queue length to precisely characterise the entire process. The model that has been built is then used to construct an optimal constrained active queue management (CAQM) strategy using the model predictive control method. Important factors, such as link capacity, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) sessions, round‐trip time, and a few others, have been selected and used to linearise the interconnection of TCP. Then, an efficient MPC‐based structure to manage the CAQM in the face of unknown disturbances is designed. Simulations are used to validate the proposed method's effectiveness and robustness.
Chiralité et optique plasmonique
Authors: Genet Cyriaque 
Published: October 2023

L’optique plasmonique met à profit le confinement d’ondes évanescentes au voisinage de la surface d’un métal, pour contrôler et exploiter aux échelles nanométriques et micrométriques les propriétés optiques, comme celles liées à l’émission de matériaux couplés à des structures métalliques choisies.
Nous décrivons ici comment intervient la chiralité en optique plasmonique, dans la structure intrinsèque des ondes plasmoniques et dans le couplage avec l’émission des matériaux, et comment elle entre en jeu pour contrôler la propagation de la lumière dans des nanosystèmes optiques.
La chiralité en nanomagnétisme et électronique de spin
Authors: Thiaville André 
Published: October 2023

La chiralité n’est pas spontanément associée au magnétisme. Toutefois, l’étude des couches magnétiques épaisses de quelques atomes a mis en évidence une chiralité dans l’arrangement des moments magnétiques.
On décrit ici comment cette chiralité provient des interfaces et dérive d’un effet relativiste, le couplage spin-orbite entre le spin des électrons et leur mouvement. Ce couplage chiral est mis en évidence dans le déplacement des parois magnétiques, mais aussi dans le transport des électrons. Ces deux effets sont mis à profit actuellement pour de nouveaux dispositifs d’électronique de spin.
Master Classes itinérantes : « Science ouverte et Édition scientifique »
Authors: van Tiggelen Bart 
Published: October 2023

Proposées dans plusieurs villes de France (Grenoble, Lyon/Saint-Étienne, Marseille, Nice et Strasbourg/Mulhouse), les Master Classes « Science ouverte et Édition scientifique » sont une initiative lancée dans le cadre des 150 ans de la Société Française de Physique. Chaque Master Class a réuni 30 à 50 participants. La SFP a ainsi pu sensibiliser massivement nos doctorants autour des enjeux de la science ouverte.
Mini-invasive Indirect Distraction in the Treatment of Neglected DRUJ Dislocations—A Novel Surgical Technique
Authors: Czinner Martin , Verstreken Frederik , Kebrle Radek 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: This study presents mini-invasive indirect distraction in the treatment of neglected distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) dislocations as a novel surgical technique. Pure DRUJ dislocation is a rare injury caused by over rotation of the forearm. It is often undiagnosed in an acute setting. There is no consensus on the treatment of neglected dislocations.
Materials and methods: We present a group of six patients with neglected pure DRUJ dislocation, treated by a single surgeon between 2012 and 2019.
Results: Closed reduction was impossible in six of six patients. The indirect distraction allowed the reduction of the DRUJ in all cases with final stable DRUJ. Forearm rotation returned to normal in four patients, one patient had 50%, and another patient had 60% of the range of forearm. Mean pain dropped from 7 to 0.8 on visual analog scale. At the 2-year follow-up, the mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score was 8 (0–37.5), and minor degenerative X-ray changes were observed in four patients.
Level of evidence IV
Evaluation of the Influence of Acid Etching Technique on Surface Roughness and Fracture Strength of Heat-Pressed Lithium-disilicate Veneers
Authors: Shetty Diya , Shetty Ganaraj , Shetty Natasha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Metal-free ceramic veneers exhibit many desirable properties. However, low fracture strength is a major disadvantage. The success of the veneers depends on optimal tooth preparation and intaglio surface preparation techniques for bonding porcelain substrates to the tooth to ensure clinical success. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of acid etching technique on surface roughness and fracture strength of veneers.
Methods The in vitro study was conducted on maxillary central incisors that were prepared to receive the veneers; the specimens were divided into two groups—group A and group B. The intaglio surface of veneer in both groups was etched with 4.6 % of the hydrofluoric acid solution for 30 seconds, in group B specimens were further treated with 33% sodium hypochlorite solution treatment following which the surface roughness was measured and calculated with scanning electron microscope at a magnification of 3000X and profilometer, respectively. The fracture strength of the specimens in both groups was determined by subjecting the tooth with veneer to a universal testing machine; the force was applied until the fracture occurred.
Results There was a significant difference observed in the surface roughness, fracture strength, and bond strength of the heat-pressed lithium-disilicate veneers treated solely with hydrofluoric acid and samples treated with hydrofluoric acid and phosphoric acid.
Conclusion Optimizing porcelain surfaces before treatment with various adhesives and luting resins requires an understanding of the involved substrates and materials, as well as a logical and systematic methodology in their manipulation. The intaglio surface of the veneers treated with hydrofluoric acid followed with phosphoric acid has no significant difference observed in the properties of the veneers but has better bonding with the tooth structure.
ChatGPT as a COBUILD lexicographer
Authors: Lew Robert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCreating high-quality dictionary entries has been a meticulous and time-consuming process, but current developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) could help to speed up this process. This study explores the use of ChatGPT to create COBUILD-style English monolingual entries and evaluates its ability to generate accurate and high-quality sense definitions and example sentences on a sample of fifteen verbs of communication. AI-generated entries are produced using ChatGPT Plus, and human experts evaluate them alongside COBUILD entries in a blinded randomized process. The quality of sense definitions, example sentences, and overall entries are assessed using a five-point scale. The results indicate that AI-generated definitions are comparable to those created by human lexicographers, while AI-generated examples and overall entries receive lower ratings. The study also explores the possibility of fine-tuning AI models based on expert feedback to enhance their performance.
The effects of catalyst conductivity and loading of dielectric surface structures on plasma dynamics in patterned dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Neuroth Constantin , Mujahid Zaka-ul-islam , Berger Birk , Oberste-Beulmann Christian , Oppotsch Timothy , Zhang Quan-Zhi , Muhler Martin , Mussenbrock Thomas , Korolov Ihor , Schulze Julian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are promising tools for air pollution removal and gas conversion based on excess renewable energy. Catalyst loading of dielectric pellets placed inside the plasma can improve such processes. The effects of such metallic and dielectric catalyst loading on the discharge are investigated experimentally. A patterned DBD is operated in different He/O2 mixtures and driven by a

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pulsed rectangular voltage waveform. Hemispherical dielectric pellets coated by different catalyst materials at different positions on their surface are embedded into the bottom grounded electrode. Based on phase resolved optical emission spectroscopy the effects of different catalyst materials and locations on the streamer dynamics are investigated. The propagation of cathode directed positive volume streamers towards the apex of the hemispheres followed by surface streamers, that move across the structured dielectric, is observed for positive applied voltage pulses. Coating the apex with a conducting catalyst results in attraction of such streamers towards the apex due to charging of this surface, while they avoid the apex in the presence of a dielectric catalyst. Surface streamers, that propagate across the hemispheres, are stalled by conducting catalysts placed on the embedded pellets as rings of different diameters, but propagate more easily across dielectric coatings due to the presence of tangential electric fields. Reversing the polarity of the driving voltage results in the propagation of negative streamers across the patterned dielectric and attenuated effects of catalytic coatings on the streamer dynamics.
Study of thermal and mechanical behavior by analyzing reinforcement effect of graphene nanoplatelets on polyamide-66 composite system developed via melt-mixing technique
Authors: Kumar Ranjan , Mishra Sujeet Kumar , Hasnain S M Mozammil , Pandey Shatrudhan , Deifalla Ahmed Farouk , Jayapalan Sudeepan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the present study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) reinforced polyamide 6,6 (PA-66) composite was studied to investigate the thermal and mechanical properties of PA-66/GNP composite. The composites were developed by varying wt% (1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) of GNP loading using a co-rotating, intermeshing, twin-screw extruder via melt-mixing and injection molding process. In order to understand the thermal and mechanical behavior of PA-66/GNP composite, various thermal (TGA and DSC) and mechanical (tensile, impact, and flexural) tests were carried out. The FTIR spectral analysis was done to identify the presence of different functional groups in the PA-66/GNP composite, indicating the strong enough Vander-Waals interaction between the PA-66 matrix and GNP filler contents. The TGA result shows a significant enhancement in the thermal stability of the composite by increasing wt% of GNP. The DSC analysis exhibits a significant reduction in enthalpy of fusion (∆Hm) and a decrease in the degree of crystallinity with increasing wt% of GNP, reflecting a depressed form of α-crystalline structure. Further, the significant growth in tensile modulus and tensile strength were identified under the mechanical performance of the PA-66/GNP composite. An increasing trend in tensile modulus and tensile strength characteristics was observed, and tensile modulus exhibited an enhancement of ∼96% than pure PA-66 at 10 wt% of GNP. Also, the tensile strength is found to be ∼16% higher than that of pure PA-66 matrix. Similarly, the impact test result shows a decreasing trend in impact strength on increasing wt% of GNP reinforcements, indicating the restriction to the molecular mobility due to improved brittle behavior. Further, the flexural modulus is found to be increased by ∼28% at 10 wt%, and the flexural strength is found to have an enhancement of ∼9% at 3 wt% than pure PA-66 polymer matrix of GNP loadings, respectively. The influence of GNP filler content reinforced PA-66 composite on the thermal and mechanical properties is found to be noteworthy.
Computational assessment of Sn activities and integral excess free energy change for mixing in the Sn-Au-Cu ternary liquid alloys using the molecular interaction volume model
Authors: Sah Sanjay Kumar , Koirala Ishwar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The activities of Sn in the liquid solder ternary alloy Sn-Au-Cu at 900 K have been computed using the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM). The calculated values have been compared with the experimental data for three cross-sections, i.e., for three different ratios of aurum to copper (XAu:XCu) = 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3. In addition, the excess Gibbs free energy of mixing, ΔGEx, for these ternary liquid alloys has been determined using the same model parameters to assess their validity. The resulting values have then been compared with the corresponding experimental data found in the literature. The agreement between the theoretical and experimental results has been found to be satisfactory.
Estimating truncation effects of quantum bosonic systems using sampling algorithms
Authors: Hanada Masanori , Liu Junyu , Rinaldi Enrico , Tezuka Masaki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To simulate bosons on a qubit- or qudit-based quantum computer, one has to regularize the theory by truncating infinite-dimensional local Hilbert spaces to finite dimensions. In the search for practical quantum applications, it is important to know how big the truncation errors can be. In general, it is not easy to estimate errors unless we have a good quantum computer. In this paper, we show that traditional sampling methods on classical devices, specifically Markov Chain Monte Carlo, can address this issue for a rather generic class of bosonic systems with a reasonable amount of computational resources available today. As a demonstration, we apply this idea to the scalar field theory on a two-dimensional lattice, with a size that goes beyond what is achievable using exact diagonalization methods. This method can be used to estimate the resources needed for realistic quantum simulations of bosonic theories, and also, to check the validity of the results of the corresponding quantum simulations.