bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tensile forces in the neurovascular bundle: A contributor to orthodontic relapse?
Authors: Oki Dayton S. , Yamakawa Karyl‐Lin M. , Paranjapye Natasha A. , Meza Lucas R. , Wong Chester , Patel Zainab , Bollinger Jacqueline , Huang Greg J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study is to investigate the neurovascular bundle (NVB) as a potential orthodontic relapse factor. The mechanical properties and the forces generated in the NVB after orthodontic extrusion are explored.Materials and MethodsSix NVBs branching from the inferior alveolar nerve to the apices of the mandibular canines and premolars of mature pigs were harvested. Stress relaxation tests were conducted. A standard linear solid model (SLS) was utilized to simulate the orthodontic extrusion of a single rooted tooth with NVB length and cross‐sectional diameter of 3.6 and 0.5 mm, respectively, so the NVB was stretched 10% and 20% of its original length. The maximum force within the NVB was then calculated.ResultsBased on our data, the average Young's modulus before relaxation (), after relaxation () and the difference between Young's moduli before and after relaxation () were 324 ± 123, 173 ± 73 and 151 ± 52 kPa, respectively. The theoretical force within the NVB stretched to 10% and 20% strain was 3 and 5 mN, respectively.ConclusionThe data from our study indicate that the NVB exhibits stress relaxation, a characteristic trait of viscoelastic materials. SLS model simulation predicted residual forces around 5 mN for elongation up to 20%. We observed strain hardening with additional elongation, which has the potential to cause forces to increase exponentially. Therefore, tensile forces in the NVB should not be ruled out as a contributor to orthodontic relapse, especially in adult patients who may have decreased adaptability of their NVB. Further preclinical and clinical models should be developed to further clarify what is the contribution of the NVB to orthodontic relapse.
Maternal factors in the origin of cleft lip/cleft palate: A population‐based case–control study
Authors: Ács Lili , Nemes Bálint , Nagy Krisztián , Ács Márton , Bánhidy Ferenc , Rózsa Noémi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesOrofacial clefts are among the most common birth defects, with an estimated worldwide incidence of around 1.5‐1.7 per 1000 live‐born babies. The most frequent form of orofacial clefts is cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± CP). The role of environmental factors in the development of clefts is unclear in most patients, thus the aim of this study was to estimate possible maternal risk factors in the origin of CL ± CP.Materials and Methods1648 CL ± CP cases, 2654 matched controls and 57 231 population controls were evaluated from The Hungarian Case–Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities. Maternal factors during the critical period in cases and controls were compared. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in a multivariable conditional logistic regression model.ResultsAmong socio‐demographic data, we have found significant differences between maternal employment. The proportion of unskilled mothers (6.5%) were higher in the CL ± CP group than in controls (3.5%). Medically recorded maternal anaemia, excessive vomiting and threatened abortion were associated with a higher risk of CL ± CP. An elevated risk was also found in various acute illnesses such as influenza (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 3.0‐5.8), acute bronchitis (OR: 4.5, 95% CI: 1.6‐12.6) and urinary tract infections (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.0‐6.0). Maternal migraine and essential hypertension occurred more frequently in the mothers of cases than in controls.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that maternal diseases and lifestyle factors during the first trimester play a significant role in the development of CL ± CP.
TGF‐β1 Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Abnormal Angiogenesis in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Evidence from RNA Sequencing and Animal Studies
Authors: Wang Keping , Wu Zuolong , Gong Chaoyang , Zhao Guanghai , Zhang Haihong 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveMechanisms involved in developing intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) are poorly understood, thus making developing effective therapies difficult. This study aimed to suggest a possible molecular mechanism, based on transcriptome sequencing‐identified transforming growth factor (TGF‐β), underlying the effects on bone homeostasis in IDD.MethodsA mouse model for IDD was established. Transcriptome sequencing of nucleus pulposus tissue from mice (n = 3) identified differentially expressed mRNAs and key genes impacting bone homeostasis. A protein–protein interaction network pinpointed core genes. GO and KEGG analysis revealed gene functions. Expression levels of TGF‐β1, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and cathepsin K (CTSK) were measured. Micro‐CT evaluated vertebral structures and vascular imaging. Western Blot measured expression levels of Vegf, Opn, MMP3, and MMP13. Safranin O‐Fast Green and TRAP staining were performed on intervertebral discs and endplates.ResultsTranscriptomic analysis found 1790 differentially expressed mRNAs in IDD mice. Twenty‐eight genes related to bone homeostasis in IDD were identified. TGF‐β1 was confirmed as the core gene. GO and KEGG showed TGF‐β1 regulates osteoclast markers like CTSK and TRAP through pathways including NF‐κB and MAPK. Experimental validation revealed lower TGF‐β1 expression in IDD mice than controls, and increased TRAP and CTSK expression. Micro‐CT showed decreased bone mass and intervertebral disc space in IDD mice. Vascular imaging showed increased vascular volume in IDD cartilaginous endplates. Western blot displayed increased VEGF and OPN levels, but decreased MMP3 and MMP13 in IDD mice. Safranin O‐fast green staining revealed severe IDD degeneration. However, TGF‐β1 injection improved bone parameters in IDD mice. In vitro experiments confirmed TGF‐β1 inhibits bone marrow macrophages differentiation into osteoclasts.ConclusionFrom our data, we conclude that TGF‐β1 repressed osteoclast differentiation and aberrant bone‐associated angiogenesis in cartilage endplates (EPs) to alleviate IDD, which may be instrumental for the therapeutic targeting of IDD.
Postoperative Prevalence and Risk Factors for Serum Hypokalemia in Patients with Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Pan Pin , Zhang Zitao , Zhang Xiaofeng , Jiang Qing , Xu Zhihong 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveRegular monitoring of serum potassium after a total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is a form of routine examination that can help detect abnormal serum potassium levels and reduce the incidences of adverse events that may occur on account of postoperative hypokalemia. Previous studies rarely discussed hypokalemia after joint replacement. In the present study, our primary goal was to investigate the incidence and possible risk factors of hypokalemia after a total hip and knee replacement procedure was performed.MethodsThis study included patients who underwent a unilateral total knee or hip arthroplasty in our department between April 2017 and March 2018. Serum potassium levels pre and post operation were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The differences in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), history of diseases, red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, glomerular filtration rate, ejection fraction, blood glucose, urine creatinine, urea nitrogen, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, drainage, preoperative potassium, surgery type, were compared between those patients diagnosed with hypokalemia and their non‐hypokalemia at different times post surgery. Thereafter, the risk factors of postoperative hypokalemia patients were analyzed using statistical procedure multiple logistic regression model.ResultsThe risk of hypokalemia after TJA was 53.1%, while, that on the first, third, and fifth day after operation was 12.5%, 40.7%, and 9.6% respectively. The serum potassium level on the first, third, and fifth postoperative days was 3.84 ± 0.32, 3.59 ± 0.34, and 3.80 ± 0.32 mmol/l, respectively. However, the level on the third day appeared to be the lowest (p = 0.015) of them all. The independent risk factors for hypokalemia after a total hip and knee replacement were the level of preoperative serum potassium concentration (p = 0.011), preoperative red blood cells counts (p = 0.027), and history of diabetes (p = 0.007).ConclusionRegular monitoring of serum potassium concentration should be performed post TJA. We need to pay more attention to the patient's preoperative potassium levels along with their red blood cell counts especially in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A Novel Multiple Screw Distraction Reducer System in the Treatment of Scoliosis with a Severe Rib Hump
Authors: Deng Zhipeng , Wang Liang , Liu Limin , Wang Lei , Yang Xi , Song Yueming 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe treatment of scoliosis with a severe rib hump remains a major challenge. Traditional vertebral rotation techniques are not satisfactory, and thoracoplasty has many pulmonary complications that limit its application. A novel surgical device, the multiple screw distraction reducer (MSDR) system, provides longitudinal distraction during the corrective operation while at the same time providing lateral translation and axial derotation, which may facilitate the correction of a rib hump. This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of the MSDR system for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with a severe rib hump.MethodsThis was a case‐matched study of patients with retrospectively collected data from our hospital between January 2017 and December 2021. Sixty‐eight patients who underwent one‐stage posterior pedicle screw‐instrumented spinal fusion were matched by the Cobb angle of the main curve and rib hump. All patients underwent a minimum of 2 years of follow‐up. The patients were divided into two groups: the MSDR group (using the MSDR system, n = 34) and the DVR group (using direct vertebral derotation, n = 34). The patients were evaluated for the height of the rib hump, deformity correction, complications, and SRS‐30 scores. The unpaired Student's t‐test and Pearson's χ2‐test were used to compare the outcome measures between the two groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the variables that affected the correction of a rib hump.ResultsThe rib hump was 30.21 ± 6.21 mm versus 29.35 ± 6.52 mm (p = 0.583) preoperatively and 9.18 ± 4.06 mm versus 13.82 ± 5.54 mm (p < 0.001) at the last follow‐up in the MSDR and DVR groups, respectively. The correction rates were 70.83% and 53.56%, respectively (p < 0.001). Preoperatively, the main thoracic curve was 58.43° ± 7.97° and 57.84° ± 6.32° (p = 0.736) and was corrected to 10.92° ± 5.47° and 19.14° ± 5.32° (p < 0.001) at last follow‐up in the MSDR and DVR group, respectively. Thoracic kyphosis was restored from 18.24° ± 5.19° and 17.98° ± 5.28° (p = 0.836) in the MSDR and DVR group to 24.59° ± 4.41° and 19.32° ± 4.96° (p < 0.001), respectively. Correction of apical vertebra rotation and translation in the main thoracic curve were significantly better in the MSDR group than in the DVR group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the Lenke type, implant density, estimated blood loss, or follow‐up duration between the two groups, whereas the operation time in the DVR group was significantly less than that in the MSDR group. There were only two minor pulmonary complications in the MSDR group. At the last follow‐up, the MSDR group scored higher in terms of appearance and satisfaction (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe MSDR system, enabling better coronal alignment, thoracic kyphosis, and axial derotation, could be a safe and effective technique for severe rib hump correction in AIS.
Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zheng Shiyue , Lai Yiwei , Jiang Chao , He Liu , Zhao Zixu , Li Wenjie , Tang Ribo , Sang Caihua , Long Deyong , Du Xin , Ma Changsheng , Dong Jianzeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundSodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) is reported to reduce incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with or without diabetes; however, its cardiovascular (CV) benefit for AF patients remains unclear.SSAimsTo investigate the effect of SGLT2i on the incidence of CV events in patients with AF.MethodsSix randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of SGLT2i on CV outcomes in patients with or without AF were included (PROSPERO: CRD 42023431535). The primary endpoint was the composite outcome of heart failure (HF) hospitalization and CV death. Additionally, we assessed the effects of treatment in prespecified subgroups on HF hospitalization, CV death, and all‐cause mortality.ResultsAmong 38,529 participants from all trials, 5018 patients with AF were treated with SGLT2i. The follow‐up period of these trials ranged from 2.3 to 3.3 years. SGLT2i treatment was significantly associated with the risk reduction of primary endpoint in patients with AF (risk ratio [RR] 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.88; p < 0.001), consistent with the finding in the general population (p for interaction = 0.76). SGLT2i was also associated with a consistent reduction in the risk of HF hospitalization in patients with AF (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.69–0.84; p < 0.001) or not (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.64–0.80; p < 0.0001), with no statistical difference between them (p for interaction = 0.41). Meta‐regression further revealed no significant association between the prevalence of HF with reduced ejection fraction or diabetes and the effect size of SGLT2i.ConclusionsThe treatment effects of SGLT2i were associated with a lower incidence of CV events, especially HF hospitalization, in patients with AF.
Committed to staying single: Adapting the investment model of commitment processes to study singlehood
Authors: Beauparlant Emily T. , Machia Laura V. , Oh Jeewon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the current work, we adapt the investment model of commitment processes for single adults. Across two cross‐sectional studies using undergraduate and internet samples (total N = 647), we tested whether the same factors that predict relationship commitment (investment, satisfaction, and quality of alternatives) also predict commitment to singlehood. In line with this theoretical model, we found that singlehood satisfaction and investment in singlehood were each positively associated with commitment to singlehood, whereas the quality of alternatives to singlehood was negatively associated with commitment to singlehood. We also found that a person's expected satisfaction and planned investment were each associated with commitment to singlehood, whereas subjective norms were not associated with commitment to singlehood. In addition, we tested whether commitment to singlehood was positively associated with well‐being, but these associations were nonsignificant. Our findings provide initial evidence for the appropriateness of the investment model for understanding commitment to being single.
Medication adherence in pediatric kidney transplantation: How to build a bridge over troubled water
Authors: Dobbels Fabienne , Wray Jo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdhering to the immunosuppressive regimen remains one of the biggest challenges for children and adolescents after kidney transplantation. The first paper on nonadherence, co‐authored by Dr. Fine, appeared in Pubmed over 45 years ago. Since then, many clinicians and researchers tried to better understand nonadherence and are looking for effective ways to support young people in implementing the complex medication regimen in their daily lives. As a tribute to Dr. Fine, we conducted a comprehensive review providing an overview of adherence‐enhancing interventions in the field of pediatric kidney transplantation, thereby focusing on strategies that not only are effective but can also be embedded in daily clinical practice successfully and sustainably. This overview is preceded by a discussion about how to find out who is in need of supportive interventions. We will also argue that interventions should already start before pediatric kidney transplantation and discuss how to decide whether or not a young patient with nonadherence‐induced graft loss should undergo retransplantation. We hope this comprehensive overview will rekindle the hope that we can finally turn the tide and beat one of pediatric kidney transplantation's main enemies.
Identifying a core protein signature of small extracellular vesicles derived from B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Saidu Nathaniel Edward Bennett , Aarsund Miriam , Sørensen Eva , Stensland Maria , Nyman Tuula Anneli , Ulvmoen Aina , Wu Yunjie , Inngjerdingen Marit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcute paediatric leukaemia is diagnosed and monitored via bone marrow aspirate assessment of blasts as a measure of minimal residual disease. Liquid biopsies in the form of blood samples could greatly reduce the need for invasive bone marrow aspirations, but there are currently no blood markers that match the sensitivity of bone marrow diagnostics. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent candidate biomarkers that may reflect the blast burden in bone marrow, and several studies have reported on the utility of EVs as biomarkers for adult haematological malignancies. Increased levels of EVs have been reported for several haematological malignancies, and we similarly report here elevated EV concentrations in plasma from paediatric BCP‐ALL patients. Plasma EVs are very heterogeneous in terms of their cellular origin, thus identifying a cancer selective EV‐marker is challenging. Here, we undertook a reductionistic approach to identify protein markers selectively associated to plasma EVs derived from BCP‐ALL patients. The EV proteome of primary BCP‐ALL cell‐derived EVs were compared against EVs from healthy donor B cells and the BCP‐ALL cell line REH, and further against EVs isolated from plasma of healthy paediatric donors and paediatric BCP‐ALL patients. With this approach, we identified a signature of 6 proteins (CD317, CD38, IGF2BP1, PCNA, CSDE1, and GPR116) that were specifically identified in BCP‐ALL derived EVs only and not in healthy control EVs, and that could be exploited as diagnostic biomarkers.
Fluidity in capability: Longitudinal assessments of suicide capability using ecological momentary assessments
Authors: Bayliss Luke T. , Hughes Christopher D. , Lamont‐Mills Andrea , du Plessis Carol 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionSuicide capability is posited to facilitate the movement from ideation‐to‐action. Emerging evidence suggests capability comprises both trait‐ and state‐like facets. This study examined fluctuations in and associations of acquired, dispositional, practical, and perceived capabilities, and suicidal mental imagery, and suicidal ideation.MethodSeventy‐five adults (48 females, Mage = 36.53 years) with lived experience of suicidal ideation and/or attempt responded to four prompts per day for 2 weeks that assessed suicide capability and suicidal ideation. Mean‐squared successive differences and probability of acute change indices and multilevel models were used for analyses.ResultsAll facets of suicide capability fluctuated. Acquired and dispositional capabilities were trait‐like, with practical and perceived capabilities being state‐like. Suicidal mental imagery was the only facet of suicide capability that distinguished participants with a suicide attempt in the past 12 months from participants with a suicide attempt more than 1 year ago and suicide ideators. Suicidal mental imagery was associated with concurrent suicidal ideation and predictive of next assessment suicidal ideation.ConclusionSuicidal mental imagery may be uniquely associated with suicide capability. This study suggests there are trait‐ and state‐like facets of capability that can combine to potentially ready an individual to engage in suicidal behaviors.
Social integration in the activity peer group in sport and non‐sport organized activities: Links with depressive symptoms in adolescence
Authors: White‐Gosselin Charles‐Étienne , Poulin François , Denault Anne‐Sophie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrganized activities can provide a conducive context for various social processes that may prevent internalizing problems. Some types of organized activities, such as team sports, seem particularly favorable to these positive experiences. The aim of this 4‐year longitudinal study is to describe the changes in the feeling of social integration into the organized activity peer group and to examine whether this social process predicts depressive symptoms in adolescence. Team sports also are proposed to promote a high sense of social integration. A total of 292 adolescents (62% female) were followed annually from ages 14 to 17. The type of main organized activity practiced and the feeling of social integration into the activity peer group was measured each year. Depressive symptoms were self‐reported at the beginning and end of this period. Latent growth analyses showed that social integration into the organized activity peer group was high and decreasing during adolescence. Social integration was higher in team sports compared to individual sports and non‐sport activities as a whole. Finally, a high and sustained level of social integration during adolescence was associated with a low level of depressive symptoms at the end of adolescence, controlling for important covariates. These results suggest that organized activities, particularly team sports, provide a favorable context for developing a feeling of social integration, and that this may protect against depressive symptoms.
Does Technological Intensity Matter for Global Cross‐Border Mergers and Acquisitions in Manufacturing, 1998–2018?
Authors: Huang Xiaodong , Yeung Godfrey , Du Debin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite being a key feature of the globalising world since the 1980s, the patterns and relationships between acquirer and target firms in cross‐border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) have only gained attention in recent years. By examining the data between 1998 and 2018 through multinomial logistic regression models, this paper investigates the goodness of match on technological intensity (the closeness of technological capabilities) between acquirer and target firms and the effects of geographical, cultural and institutional proximity in global cross‐border M&As in manufacturing sectors. Our results suggest that firms are more likely to acquire overseas counterparts with similar levels of technological intensity in manufacturing. Moreover, geographical proximity is significant in the M&As of target firms in low‐tech and medium‐low‐tech sectors, while cultural and institutional proximity matter for cross‐border M&As among medium‐high‐tech and high‐tech firms. High‐tech acquirer firms in advanced economies tend to acquire their high‐tech counterparts located in larger economies, while technological intensity is more important for high‐tech acquirer firms based in non‐advanced economies, as the closeness of technological knowledge with potential target firms allows them to generate potential synergies and overcome cultural gaps and foreignness in distant host countries.