bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A third‐order entropy condition scheme for hyperbolic conservation laws
Authors: Dong Haitao , Zhou Tong , Liu Fujun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFollowing the solution formula method given in Dong et al. (High order discontinuities decomposition entropy condition schemes for Euler equations. CFD J. 2002;10(4): 448–457), this article studies a type of one‐step fully‐discrete scheme, and constructs a third‐order scheme which is written into a compact form via a new limiter. The highlights of this study and advantages of new third‐order scheme are as follows: ① We proposed a very simple new methodology of constructing one‐step, consistent high‐order and non‐oscillation schemes that do not rely on Runge–Kutta method; ② We systematically studied new scheme's theoretical problems about entropy conditions, error analysis, and non‐oscillation conditions; ③ The new scheme achieves exact solution in linear cases and performing better in nonlinear cases when CFL → 1; ④ The new scheme is third order but high resolution with excellent shock‐capturing capacity which is comparable to fifth order WENO scheme; ⑤ CPU time of new scheme is only a quarter of WENO5 + RK3 under same computing condition; ⑥ For engineering applications, the new scheme is extended to multi‐dimensional Euler equations under curvilinear coordinates. Numerical experiments contain 1D scalar equation, 1D,2D,3D Euler equations. Accuracy tests are carried out using 1D linear scalar equation, 1D Burgers equation and 2D Euler equations and two sonic point tests are carried out to show the effect of entropy condition linearization. All tests are compared with results of WENO5 and finally indicate EC3 is cheaper in computational expense.
CAMELS‐SE: Long‐term hydroclimatic observations (1961–2020) across 50 catchments in Sweden as a resource for modelling, education, and collaboration
Authors: Teutschbein Claudia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a community‐accessible dataset comprising daily hydroclimatic variables (precipitation, temperature, and streamflow) observed in 50 catchments in Sweden (median size of 1019 km2). The dataset covers a 60‐year period (1961–2020) and includes information on geographical location, landcover, soil classes, hydrologic signatures, and regulation for each catchment. Data were collected from various sources, such as the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, the Swedish Geological Survey, and several Copernicus products provided by the European Environment Agency. The compiled, spatially‐matched, and processed data are publicly available online through the Swedish National Data Service (https://snd.se/en), contributing a new region to the collection of existing CAMELS (Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large‐sample Studies) datasets. The CAMELS‐SE dataset spans a wide range of hydroclimatic, topographic, and environmental catchment properties, making it a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners to study hydrological processes, climate dynamics, environmental impacts, and sustainable water management strategies in Nordic regions.
Exploring the long‐term sustainability of school‐based nutrition and food programs: What works, where and why?
Authors: Fathi Leila I. , Yang Danyu , Walker Jacqueline L. , Robinson Mark , Littlewood Robyn A. , Truby Helen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedMost food and nutrition programs cease within 2 years. Understanding the determinants of program sustainability is crucial to maximise output from funding, whilst allowing sufficient time for program benefits to be achieved. This study applied the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to map the barriers and enablers of successful long‐term implementation of school‐based nutrition and food programs.MethodsQualitative methods with purposive and snowball sampling were used to recruit experts who were identified as being influential in implementing and sustaining long‐term (>2 years) school‐based food and nutrition programs. Semi‐structured interviews with global experts were conducted, transcribed verbatim and coded deductively (by applying the CFIR constructs) and inductively when required. Thematic analysis informed the development of themes.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 11 experts including researchers, government employees, and a consultant of an international agency, from seven countries. Forty‐eight deductive codes and eight inductive codes identified six main themes: (1) funding and integrity of its source; (2) political landscape; (3) nutrition policies and their monitoring; (4) involvement of community actors; (5) adaptability of the program and (6) effective program evaluation. Themes related mainly to the ‘outer setting’ domain of the CFIR.ConclusionsThe CFIR highlighted pertinent factors that influence the successful long‐term implementation of school‐based food and nutrition programs.So What?The findings suggest that to sustain program implementation beyond its initial funding, relationships across government departments, local organisations and communities, need to be nurtured and prioritised from the outset.
The role of interleukin‐22 in mammalian intestinal homeostasis: Friend and foe
Authors: Klotskova Hedi‐Britt , Kidess Evelien , Nadal Adria L. , Brugman Sylvia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInterleukin‐22 (IL‐22) is an important cytokine in the intestinal environment. IL‐22 is mainly produced by immune cells and targeted at nonimmune cells such as epithelial and stromal cells in a broad array of tissues such as ‐but not restricted to‐ the liver and adipose tissue. IL‐22 therefore connects immune functions with metabolic functions of the host, and since it is induced by the microbiota, connects host functioning to the outside environment. IL‐22 induces epithelial cell proliferation aiding in rapid epithelium regeneration and wound healing. Additionally, IL‐22 activates antiapoptotic genes and DNA damage response pathways, enhancing epithelial cell survival. Recently, it has also been shown that IL‐22 induces Paneth cell differentiation in humans. However, IL‐22 can also contribute to intestinal epithelium damage and reduces microbial diversity in the intestine directly or indirectly by inducing excessive antimicrobial peptide production by epithelial cells. Moreover, IL‐22 enhances angiogenesis and may therefore support tumorigenesis in the intestine. In conclusion, it appears that whether IL‐22 has a beneficial or harmful effect in the mammalian intestine largely depends on its regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature and emphasizes that IL‐22 signaling outcome depends on the timing and duration of IL‐22 production, the presence of it regulators such as IL‐22BP, and the specific location of the cytokine production in the gastrointestinal tract.
Engineered RNA‐Binding Proteins: Studying and Controlling RNA Regulation
Authors: Sinnott Riley W. , Cao Yang , Dickinson Bryan C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe complexity of eukaryotic organisms is intricately tied to transcriptome‐level processes, notably alternative splicing and the precise modulation of gene expression through a sophisticated interplay involving RNA‐binding protein (RBP) networks and their RNA targets. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular pathways responsible for this control have paved the way for the development of tools capable of steering and managing RNA regulation and gene expression. The fusion between a rapidly developing understanding of endogenous RNA regulation and the burgeoning capabilities of CRISPR‐Cas and other programmable RBP platforms has given rise to an exciting frontier in engineered RNA regulators. This review offers an overview of the existing toolkit for constructing synthetic RNA regulators using programmable RBPs and effector domains, capable of altering RNA sequence composition or fate, and explores their diverse applications in both basic research and therapeutic contexts.
Domestication of the Maputo Protocol in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Leveraging regional human rights commitments for abortion decriminalization and access
Authors: Hefez Jeanne , Mulunda Jean‐Claude , Tumba Anne‐Marie , Mpoyi Mike , Dabash Rasha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Maputo Protocol, adopted over 20 years ago, is a promising regional treaty for advancing gender equity and sexual and reproductive health and rights. This instrument has driven progress in women's health and rights across Africa, with much remaining to achieve to realize its full potential for women and girls, including access to safe abortion. The present paper shares the strategies and lessons from the Democratic Republic of Congo's (DRC) reform centered on the domestication of the Protocol, specifically applying its commitments on abortion decriminalization and access. With a vision of addressing maternal mortality and rectifying the impacts of widespread sexual violence against women during war, abortion as a human right and health imperative was at the heart of the DRC's reform. Governmental commitment, broad coalition building, evidence generation, and an intersectional advocacy agenda were critical to overcoming opposition, stigma, and other challenges. This paper shares key learnings from the DRC's complex yet collaborative reform strategies and its processes. The strategy prioritized domestication of the Protocol for numerous reforms, including paving the path to legal abortion on the broad grounds of rape or incest, and saving women's health and/or life. With a commitment to maximizing quality, access, task sharing, and equity, progressive national comprehensive abortion guidelines were created alongside an implementation roadmap for accountability. The DRC's experience leveraging the Maputo Protocol's obligations to advance abortion rights and access offers valuable insights for consideration globally.
Advance layoff notices and aggregate job loss
Authors: Krolikowski Pawel M. , Lunsford Kurt G. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryWe collect data from Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act notices and establish their usefulness as an indicator of aggregate job loss. The number of workers affected by WARN notices (“WARN layoffs”) leads state‐level initial unemployment insurance claims and unemployment rate (UR) and private employment changes. WARN layoffs comove with aggregate layoffs from Mass Layoff Statistics and the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey but are timelier and cover a longer sample. In a vector autoregression, changes in WARN layoffs lead UR changes and job separations. Finally, they improve pseudo real‐time forecasts of the UR and private employment changes.
Residence time distribution of continuous capture of recombinant antibody by precipitation and two stage tangential flow filtration
Authors: Recanati Gabriele , Lali Narges , De Mathia Fernando , Jungbauer Alois 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe determination of the residence time distribution of an entire process or process step in integrated continuous biomanufacturing is required for process understanding, traceability determination and to efficiently handle process disturbances. When recombinant proteins such as monoclonal antibodies are captured by continuous precipitation and two‐stage filtration, the question arises whether simple salt is suitable as a tracer or whether a labeled protein is required.RESULTSWe have investigated the use of various inert tracers, sodium nitrate (NaNO3) due to its absorbance at UV 280 nm, and fluorescently labeled or unlabeled antibodies to determine the RTD of the product at steady‐state and in the start‐up and shut‐down phases. All tracers are suitable for measuring the RTD of the precipitated antibody for individual unit operations. For interconnected unit operations, if the product is concentrated, the RTD can be determined with labeled or unlabeled antibodies, because it is not possible to concentrate salts in a microfiltration unit. The duration of the start‐up and shut‐down phases depends on the concentration factor applied in two‐stage filtration, and the number of reactor volumes required to reach steady state corresponds to the concentration factor. Around 1.6 reactor volumes are required for the shutdown phase for 99% wash‐out.CONCLUSIONThe integrated process has a plug flow characteristic, which is advantageous as the process can react quickly when process deviations occur. © 2024 The Authors.Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnologypublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Teaching strategy adaptations in undergraduate dental education during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Bashary Nadav Z. , Levine Marci H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, dental institutions were challenged to rapidly adapt to the inability of teaching in‐person lectures and pre‐clinical simulations. Strategies had to be quickly developed to guarantee the safety of faculty and students, while also adhering to national guidelines to ensure that educational standards were met and students’ graduations and entrance into residency programs were not delayed. This literature review assesses the novel strategies that dental schools created and implemented to teach in a distance‐learning platform and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of these strategies. In addition, this review talks about the lessons learned during the pandemic and the incorporation of successful strategies after the pandemic ended.MethodsThis review evaluated the literature using PubMed and ScienceDirect with the following keywords: “teaching strategies,” “dental education,” and “COVID‐19.” The search strategy yielded 15 articles that assessed relevant teaching strategies that were implemented during the COVID‐19 pandemic.ResultsThe literature described the swift response of dental institutions in implementing teaching strategies in response to the inability of continuing in‐person teaching. An overwhelming majority of institutions moved their didactic lectures to online platforms. Several institutions implemented online simulations with virtual reality models, videos and discussion boards, standardized patient actors, and case‐based discussions.ConclusionMany of the teaching strategies that were implemented as a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic were highly effective. Dental schools were able to satisfy Commission on Dental Accreditation standards and meet students’ requirements for graduation during the pandemic despite the rapid and unplanned shift away from in‐person instruction and simulation secondary to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
A review of the reproductive biology of mormyroid fishes: An emerging model for biomedical research
Authors: Saunders Alyssa N. , Gallant Jason R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMormyroidea is a superfamily of weakly electric African fishes with great potential as a model in a variety of biomedical research areas including systems neuroscience, muscle cell and craniofacial development, ion channel biophysics, and flagellar/ciliary biology. However, they are currently difficult to breed in the laboratory setting, which is essential for any tractable model organism. As such, there is a need to better understand the reproductive biology of mormyroids to breed them more reliably in the laboratory to effectively use them as a biomedical research model. This review seeks to (1) briefly highlight the biomedically relevant phenotypes of mormyroids and (2) compile information about mormyroid reproduction including sex differences, breeding season, sexual maturity, gonads, gametes, and courtship/spawning behaviors. We also highlight areas of mormyroid reproductive biology that are currently unexplored and/or have the potential for further investigation that may provide insights into more successful mormyroid laboratory breeding methods.
Compassion and equity‐focused clinical genomics training for health professional learners
Authors: Berninger Taylor J. , Rajagopalan Ramya M. , Bloss Cinnamon S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere remains an urgent need for expanded genomics training in undergraduate medical education, especially as genetic and genomic assessments become increasingly important in primary care and routine clinical practice across specialties. Physician trainees continue to report feeling poorly prepared to provide effective consultation or interpretation of genomic test results. Here we report on the development, pilot implementation, and evaluation of an elective offering for pre‐clinical medical students called the Sanford Precision Health Scholars Immersive Learning Experience (PHS), which was designed leveraging genetic counseling expertise as one means to address this need. This 9‐week course, piloted in Fall 2021 at UC San Diego, afforded students the opportunity to build technical skills and competencies in clinical genomics while identifying, addressing, and engaging with pervasive health disparities in genomics. Interactive exercises focused students' learning on strategies for empathic and compassionate patient interactions while supporting the application of concepts and knowledge to future practice. Upon completion of the course, participants reported increases in confidence related to skills required for clinical genomics practice. Drawing on learnings from this pilot implementation, recommendations for refining the program include deepening pedagogical engagement with ethical issues, expanding the offering to trainees across health professions, including pharmacy students, and incorporating an optional experiential learning component. Educational offerings, like PHS, that are designed with the input of genetic counseling expertise may ease pressures on the genetic counseling profession by building a more genomic‐literate healthcare workforce that can better support efforts to expand access for patients.
Race, ethnicity, and ancestry reporting in genetic counseling research: A focused mapping review and synthesis
Authors: Arpone Marta , Turbitt Erin , McEwen Alison 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStudies on the use of Race, Ethnicity, and Ancestry (REA) concepts and terms in genetic research are limited. We aimed to describe the collection, reporting, and use of REA data in genetic counseling research. We undertook a focused mapping review and synthesis of the Journal of Genetic Counseling 2021 publications. We used a mapping proforma based on the Race, Ethnicity, And Culture in Health checklist to extract data. Of the 177 screened articles, 132 met our inclusion criteria of reporting primary data about participants. The sample REA characteristics were described in 80 (61%) articles, with 6% providing a definition or conceptualization of the REA term/s used and 23% including a rationale for their study in terms of REA factors. Group labels were most often reported using population descriptors, such as “race,” “ethnicity,” “race/ethnicity,” and “ancestry.” Several group labels were used under different population descriptors. For instance, the group labels “White” and “Asian” were used under all population descriptors. Most studies (79%) ascertained REA characteristics by participants' self‐report. Three (15%) of the 20 qualitative studies mentioned the relevance of the interviewers' REA characteristics in relation to the participants' REA characteristics. Of the 55 quantitative studies, 19 (35%) used REA factors in the data analysis. Of the 80 articles describing the sample REA characteristics, 20% referred moderately or a great deal to any REA factors in the results interpretation, 46% acknowledged the REA factors in the study limitations, and 15% discussed the implications of REA reporting for genetic counseling practice. Our review documents extensive variation in how sample REA characteristics are described and used in genetic counseling research. Our findings provide a baseline against which to evaluate the effects of guidelines and recommendations for the collection, responsible use, and report of participants' REA characteristics in genetic counseling research.
Behavioral intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms among young men who have sex with men in China
Authors: Xu Yutong , Jiao Kedi , Zhang Yuhang , Huang Siwen , Zhou Jingtao , Li Yan , Xiao Yongkang , Ma Wei , He Lin , Ren Xianlong , Dai Zhen , Sun Jiaruo , Li Qingyu , Cheng Feng , Liang Wannian , Luo Sitong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe 2022 multi‐country mpox outbreak raised public concern globally. Self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms are critical measures in controlling the outbreak. This study investigated behavioral intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms and associated factors among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) aged 18−29 years in China. The cross‐sectional study was conducted among 2493 YMSM in six provincial regions in China from September 10th to 30th, 2022. Descriptive and logistic analyses were applied, using the intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms as binary outcomes. The mean age of the participants was 24.6 (SD = 2.9) years. The prevalence of having intentions of self‐isolation and informing close contacts after developing mpox‐related symptoms was 88.6% (95% CI: 87.3%−89.9%) and 84.9% (95% CI: 83.5%−86.3%). Participants who were employed (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.474, 95% CI: 1.035−2.097; AOR = 1.371, 95% CI:1.002, 1.876), had higher mpox knowledge scores (AOR = 1.474, 95% CI: 1.035−2.097; AOR = 1.371, 95% CI: 1.002−1.876), and had higher perceived threats of mpox (AOR = 1.079, 95% CI: 1.030−1.130; AOR = 1.045, 95% CI: 1.002−1.090) were more likely to intend to self‐isolate and inform close contacts. Participants who had MSM in‐person gatherings in the past 6 months were more likely to intend to self‐isolate (AOR = 1.392, 95% CI: 1.066−1.208). Participants with higher depression scores (AOR = 0.968, 95% CI: 0.948−0.989) and self‐stigma (AOR = 0.975, 95% CI: 0.954−0.997) were less likely to intend to self‐isolate and inform close contacts, respectively. Self‐isolation and informing close contacts when developing disease‐related symptoms are acceptable measures in response to mpox in China. Strengthening targeted risk communication and self‐efficacy, raising disease knowledge, providing mental support, and reducing stigma toward the affected community are warranted.
RNA elements that control human papillomavirus mRNA splicing‐targets for therapy?
Authors: Schwartz Stefan , Wu Chengjun , Kajitani Naoko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause more than 4.5% of all cancer in the world and more than half of these cases are attributed to human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16). Prophylactic vaccines are available but antiviral drugs are not. Novel targets for therapy are urgently needed. Alternative RNA splicing is extensively used by HPVs to express all their genes and HPV16 is no exception. This process must function to perfection since mis‐splicing could perturb the HPV gene expression program by altering mRNA levels or by generating dysfunctional mRNAs. Cis‐acting RNA elements on the viral mRNAs and their cognate cellular trans‐acting factors control papillomavirus RNA splicing. The precise but delicate nature of the splicing process renders splicing sensitive to interference. As such, papillomavirus RNA splicing is a potential target for therapy. Here we summarize our current understanding of cis‐acting HPV16 RNA elements that control HPV16 mRNA splicing via cellular proteins and discuss how they may be exploited as targets for therapy to papillomavirus infections and cancer.