bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vaccination with a replication-defective cytomegalovirus vaccine elicits a glycoprotein B-specific monoclonal antibody repertoire distinct from natural infection
Authors: Valencia Sarah M. , Rochat Eric , Harnois Melissa J. , Dennis Maria , Webster Helen S. , Hora Bhavna , Kumar Amit , Wang Hsuan-Yuan , Li Leike , Freed Daniel , Zhang Ningyan , An Zhiqiang , Wang Dai , Permar Sallie R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuman Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading infectious congenital infection globally and the most common viral infection in transplant recipients, therefore identifying a vaccine for HCMV is a top priority. Humoral immunity is a correlate of protection for HCMV infection. The most effective vaccine tested to date, which achieved 50% reduction in acquisition of HCMV, was comprised of the glycoprotein B protein given with an oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant MF59. We characterize gB-specific monoclonal antibodies isolated from individuals vaccinated with a disabled infectious single cycle (DISC) CMV vaccine, V160, and compare these to the gB-specific monoclonal antibody repertoire isolated from naturally-infected individuals. We find that vaccination with V160 resulted in gB-specific antibodies that bound homogenously to gB expressed on the surface of a cell in contrast to antibodies isolated from natural infection which variably bound to cell-associated gB. Vaccination resulted in a similar breadth of gB-specific antibodies, with binding profile to gB genotypes 1–5 comparable to that of natural infection. Few gB-specific neutralizing antibodies were isolated from V160 vaccinees and fewer antibodies had identifiable gB antigenic domain specificity compared to that of naturally-infected individuals. We also show that glycosylation of gB residue N73 may shield binding of gB-specific antibodies.
The molecular population structure of Swertia perennis (Gentianaceae) in Central Europe
Authors: Urbaniak Jacek , Kwiatkowski Paweł 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhylogeographic analysis of Swertia perennis, a typical European subalpine springtime species, revealed the existence of at least five major phylogenetic lineages. A large phylogeographic separation exists among these geographical regions, which confirms the existence of glacial refugia in the Pyrenees, but also in the Eastern and Central Alps. The results obtained from the analyzes indicate the existence of three major differences between the populations of the Alps and the Pyrenees, but also between the populations of the Alps and those of other geographical regions (Carpathians, southern Czech Republic, Sudetes and northern Poland). The studied populations from the Black Forest and from north-eastern and southern Poland are a relic of the former wider distribution of these (periglacial) genetic groups within Swertia perennis. Our results also confirm the existence of biogeographical links between the Carpathians and the Hercynian Range and the Alps. Certainly, there was an exchange of genes between populations located in the eastern Alps, the Carpathians and the Hercynian ranges (Czech Republic, Jeseníky, Sudetes, Ore Mountains). This confirms previous results of comparative studies on the genetic diversity of populations of other vascular plant species.
His1-tagged DM or DDM detergent micelles are reversibly conjugated by nickel ions
Authors: Lal Mitra , Wachtel Ellen , Pati Soumyaranjan , Namboothiri Irishi. N. N. , Patchornik Guy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpecific conjugation of decyl β-D-maltoside (DM) or dodecyl β-D-maltoside (DDM) detergent micelles is accomplished between pH 7.0–8.5 in the presence of an amphiphilic analog of the amino acid histidine, bound to a 10-carbon hydrocarbon chain (His1-C10) and Ni2+ ions. Following addition of 10–15 wt% PEG-6000 as precipitant, phase separation in the form of oil-rich globules (30–600 µm) is observed by light microscopy. Other divalent cations: Zn2+, Fe2+, Cu2+ lead to dark precipitates rather than colorless globules; while Mg2+, Ca2+ do not promote any phase separation at all. Even in the absence of precipitant, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements demonstrate that DM micelles (hydrodynamic size ~ 6 nm) or DDM micelles (8 nm) self-associate into larger particles (9 nm and 411 nm for DM; 10 nm and 982 nm for DDM) in the presence of His1-C10 and nickel ions. Micellar conjugation is partially reversible in the presence of water soluble 50 mM EDTA, histidine or imidazole chelators. Cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) imaging revealed the formation of non-uniformly dense detergent aggregates for both DM and DDM micelles in the presence of precipitant. The possible utility of such His1-tagged DM or DDM micelles for promoting crystallization of integral membrane proteins is discussed.
Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) in rectal cancer treatment within an expert center
Authors: Piątkowski Jacek , Jagielski Mateusz , Szeliga Jacek , Nowak Mariusz , Jackowski Marek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate treatment outcomes in patients who underwent the TaTME procedure for cancer of the middle and low rectum in an expert center. Prospective analysis of the outcomes of all consecutive patients treated using the TaTME technique for cancer of the middle and distal rectum at the our medical center between March 1, 2015, and March 31, 2022. A total of 128 patients (34 women, 94 men; mean age 66.01 [38–85] years) with cancer of the middle and distal rectum qualified for TaTME. TaTME procedures were performed in 127/128 (99.22%) patients. Complications of surgery were observed in 22/127 (17.32%) patients. Negative proximal and distal margins were confirmed in all 127 patients. Complete (R0) resection of the mesorectum was confirmed in 125/127 (98.43%) and nearly complete (R1) resection was confirmed in 2/127 (1.57%) patients. The average follow-up period was 795 days (296–1522) days. Local recurrence was detected during the follow-up period in 2/127 (1.57%) patients. This study showed that the TaTME procedure is an effective and safe method for the minimally invasive treatment of middle and low rectal cancers, particularly within an expert center setting.
Indian Ocean Dipole affects eastern tropical Atlantic salinity through Congo River Basin hydrology
Authors: Jarugula Sreelekha , McPhaden Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Indian Ocean Dipole is associated with a pronounced sea surface temperature gradient between eastern and western Indian Ocean. Here, we describe a striking contrast in Congo basin rainfall, river discharge and Eastern Tropical Atlantic surface salinity linked to the recent strong 2019 positive Dipole event and strong 2016 negative Dipole event. The sea surface temperature gradient across the Indian Ocean during the 2019 positive event drove tropospheric circulation changes that led to an increase in moisture convergence and convection over the Congo basin and an increase in Congo River discharge that was later reflected in a decrease in eastern tropical Atlantic surface salinity in early 2020. Opposite tendencies were observed in association with the 2016 negative event. This sequence of linkages is shown to apply more generally to Dipole events over the past several decades and thus represents a source of predictability for forecasting Congo basin hydrology and eastern tropical Atlantic oceanic conditions.
Clinical and Psychosocial Predictors of Post-Event Processing in Adults Who Stutter
Authors: Croft Robyn L. , Byrd Courtney T. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:Post-event processing, defined by self-critical rumination following a stressful communication event, is significantly associated with reduced quality of life. However, despite its relevance to the stuttering experience, to date, only a few studies have investigated post-event processing among adults who stutter, and no study has identified clinical and psychosocial predictors of post-event processing. The purpose of this study was to determine the contributions of clinical markers of stuttering and psychosocial variables to post-event processing.Method:Adults who stutter (N= 96) participated in two virtual sessions. After completing the Trier Social Stress Test, a standardized social stress task in Session 1, participants completed measures of post-event processing, clinical markers of stuttering (i.e., the experience of stuttering, self- and observer-rated stuttering severity), and psychosocial characteristics (i.e., self-perceived performance, self-esteem, social anxiety, trait, and state self-compassion) in Session 2.Results:Hierarchical linear regression models indicated that a more negative experience of stuttering, higher self-rated stuttering severity, and greater social anxiety predicted more post-event processing. Greater self-perceived performance and state self-compassion predicted less rumination. Observer-rated severity, self-esteem, and trait self-compassion were not significantly associated with post-event processing behavior.Conclusion:Findings reveal clinical and psychosocial variables to consider in the assessment and mitigation of post-event processing behavior in adults who stutter, and to bolster resiliency to social stress.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24223213
Orthomolekulare Medizin bei entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen
Authors: Göttert Antje 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungEntzündliche Hauterkrankungen manifestieren sich insbesondere in den Industriestaaten häufig. Verantwortlich werden hierfür u. a. unser Lebensstil und die Ernährungsgewohnheiten gemacht. Nicht selten ist bei einer Laboranalyse der Mikronährstoffe ein Mangel von Vitaminen, Mineralstoffen oder Spurenelementen festzustellen, bedingt z. B. durch die Ernährung, eine eingeschränkte Nährstoffaufnahme über den Darm oder einen erhöhten Verbrauch. Letzteres ist bei Sportlern, Rauchern, kranken Menschen und Menschen im übermäßigem Dauerstress möglich und kann auch auf die Stoffwechselstörung Hämopyrrollaktamurie zurückzuführen sein. Die orthomolekulare Medizin ist ein wichtiger Baustein in der Therapie der chronisch entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen. Sie befasst sich mit dem Einsatz von Vitalstoffen, um den Körper mit optimalen Mengen zu versorgen, Krankheiten vorzubeugen und zu behandeln. Auch bei entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen wie der Neurodermitis und der Psoriasis wird sie eingesetzt. Der Beitrag beschreibt die Anwendung in einer hautfachärztlichen Praxis mit einem holistischen Ansatz und informiert über die Studienlage zum Thema.
Computed Tomography Overuse in Pediatric Minor Head Trauma: Insights
from a Single-Center Experience
Authors: Bako Derya , Özer Utku , Beydoğan Engin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Minor head trauma is a common reason for emergency department
visits in children, but many of these cases are not clinically significant.
Despite established criteria for selecting patients who require computed
tomography (CT), concerns about overuse of CT persist. This study aimed to
determine the frequency of clinically important traumatic brain injury by
retrospectively evaluating cranial CT scans in children categorized as very low
risk for such injuries based on PECARN prediction rules.
Materials and Methods Cranial CT scans of 941 minor head trauma cases were
assessed for the presence, type, and number of calvarial bone fractures.
Concomitant bleeding and treatment approaches were also recorded.
Results Among 881 patients (93.6%), cranial CT scans did not
reveal any lesions apart from soft tissue edema. None of the cases had
clinically important traumatic brain injury or required neurosurgical
intervention.
Discussion and conclusion The study demonstrated that 93.6% of
cranial CT scans for pediatric minor head trauma were negative, indicating a
concerningly high rate of CT overuse. Although prediction rules exist, their
application in clinical practice is not always optimal. Given the principle of
“first, do no harm,” proper patient selection is crucial to
avoid unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation.
Multiple Medullary Schwannoma Associated with Lumbar Disc Herniation and Cauda Equina Syndrome: Case Report
Authors: Rodrigues Neto Anibal , Bicalho Bianca , Varandas Giovanna Maria , Antonucci Adriano Torres , Castro Gabriel Gomes Freitas de , Arruda Shiro Manoel Shimoakoishi de , Schiavini Marcel , Santos Lutero Cleuler Moraes dos , Lehmann Márcio Francisco , Pesente Francisco Spessatto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction Schwannoma is a Schwann cells neoplasm that can occur in various parts of the nervous system, including the medullar region of the cauda equina. Bone involvement is uncommon.
Objective To report a multiple schwannoma case that was initially diagnosed as cauda equina syndrome.
Clinical Case We report the case of a 44-year-old male who presented with pain irradiating to the lower limbs, urinary retention, and saddle paresthesia. Imaging exams revealed tumors in the cervical spine and in the T12/L1, L2/L3, and L3/L4 levels, the last three causing nervous compression. Histopathological analyses confirmed a Schwannoma pattern.
Results The case was solved by surgical resection.
Conclusion The case was solved and, in the end, the patient was stable and with improved pain and waits for a cervical surgery.
Aggressive Osteoblastoma of Temporal Bone Causing Facial Palsy in a 9-year-old Child: A Case Report Based on 2020 WHO Classification of Bone Tumors
Authors: Cambruzzi Eduardo , Furian Roque Domingos , Botega Luiza Gomes , Devigli Nilo , Lopes Eron Rodrigues Cunha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAggressive osteoblastoma (AO) is an uncommon bone tumor that represents a borderline lesion between osteoblastoma and osteosarcoma. The vertebral column, the sacrum, the pelvis, and jaw/craniofacial bones are primarily affected. Aggressive osteoblastoma does not metastasize and is treated by surgical resection. The authors report a case of AO in a 9-year-old female patient presenting with 5th and 7th cranial nerve palsy. Prior pathological history included resection of an expansile nodule in the left temporal bone. Conventional radiological examination and computed tomography (CT) of the skull revealed an osteoblastic lesion arising in the petrous portion of the left temporal bone, measuring 5.2 cm in the largest dimension. The patient was subjected to partial surgical resection of the process. Microscopy revealed a primary neoplastic bone composed of numerous epithelioid round osteoblasts disposed in solid sheets and with mild atypia, large eosinophilic cytoplasm, and an eccentric, ovoid nucleus. The process exhibited loose stroma, low mitotic index, osteoid formation, and a few osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells. The diagnosis of AO was thus established. After 5 months of clinical follow-up, the patient is asymptomatic, without evidence of tumoral growth on CT scans.
The Pulmonary Vasculature
Authors: Hopkins Susan R. , Stickland Michael K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure, low-resistance circuit whose primary function is to deliver deoxygenated blood to, and oxygenated blood from, the pulmonary capillary bed enabling gas exchange. The distribution of pulmonary blood flow is regulated by several factors including effects of vascular branching structure, large-scale forces related to gravity, and finer scale factors related to local control. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is one such important regulatory mechanism. In the face of local hypoxia, vascular smooth muscle constriction of precapillary arterioles increases local resistance by up to 250%. This has the effect of diverting blood toward better oxygenated regions of the lung and optimizing ventilation–perfusion matching. However, in the face of global hypoxia, the net effect is an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. Pulmonary vascular resistance describes the flow-resistive properties of the pulmonary circulation and arises from both precapillary and postcapillary resistances. The pulmonary circulation is also distensible in response to an increase in transmural pressure and this distention, in addition to recruitment, moderates pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. This article reviews the physiology of the pulmonary vasculature and briefly discusses how this physiology is altered by common circumstances.
Risk Factors for Dehiscence of Operative Incisions in Newborns after Laparotomy
Authors: Miholjcic Tina B. S. , Baud Olivier , Iranmanesh Pouya , Wildhaber Barbara E. 
Published: October 2023

Background Surgical wound dehiscence (SWD) in neonates is a life-threatening complication. The aim was to define risk factors of postoperative incision dehiscence in this population.
Methods Data of 144 patients from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. All full-term newborns or preterm newborns up to 42 weeks of amenorrhea (adjusted) who had a laparotomy within 30 days were included. Descriptive patient information and perioperative data were collected. SWD was defined as any separation of cutaneous edges of postoperative wounds.
Results Overall, SWD occurred in 16/144 (11%) patients, with a significantly increased incidence in preterm newborns (13/59, 22%) compared with full-term newborns (3/85, 4%; p < 0.001). SWD was significantly associated with exposure to postnatal steroids (60% vs. 4%, p < 0.001) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (25% vs. 4%, p < 0.01), invasive ventilation duration before surgery (median at 10 vs. 0 days, p < 0.001), preoperative low hemoglobin concentration (115 vs. 147 g/L, p < 0.001) and platelet counts (127 vs. 295 G/L, p < 0.001), nonabsorbable suture material (43% vs. 8%, p < 0.001), the presence of ostomies (69% vs. 18%, p < 0.001), positive bacteriological wound cultures (50% vs. 6%, p < 0.001), and relaparotomy (25% vs. 3%, p < 0.01). Thirteen of 16 patients with SWD presented necrotizing enterocolitis/intestinal perforations (81%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion This study identified prematurity and a number of other factors linked to the child's general condition as risk factors for SWD. Some of these can help physicians recognize and respond to at-risk patients and provide better counseling for parents.
Management of Epirubicin Extravasation Injuries of the Hand with Debridement and Flap Cover—A Case Series
Authors: Yellinedi Rajesh , Damalachervu Mukunda Reddy , Nuvvula Rambabu , Thammineedi Subramanyeshwar Rao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChemotherapy extravasation injury is an iatrogenic injury due to extravasation of the drug from the vessel during infusion therapy. Among various chemotherapeutic drugs, DNA binding vesicants like epirubicin and doxorubicin can lead to extensive tissue necrosis following extravasation. They are commonly used in many chemotherapy regimens including those for carcinoma breast. We present our case series in the management of these wounds with aggressive debridement and regional (pedicled groin)/free flaps (superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator, lateral arm) for cover in five patients. All flaps healed well with patient returning to further treatment in 3 to 4 weeks post-surgery with preservation of hand function. Thus, early recognition of the type of drug that has extravasated is crucial. Regional and free flaps are superior to local flaps because there are no extra incisions and grafts on the limb that has already been injured.
Comprehending Knowledge, Practices, and Perceptions of Community Health Workers Regarding Adolescent Health Program: A Cross-Sectional Inquiry in Bellary District, Karnataka
Authors: P.M Sindhu , Dmello Mackwin Kenwood , Lobo Prajwal Jupiter , Dsouza Neevan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction Community health workers are crucial in improving health and bridging gaps between communities and health care services. They are integral to various national health initiatives to prevent diseases and enhance well-being. Providing health care services to adolescents is a pivotal responsibility for auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs) and Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers.
Objectives This study aims to evaluate the community health workers' comprehension, implementation practices, and viewpoints regarding the implementation of the Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) program.
Methodology The research was conducted across primary health centers in Hagaribommanahalli and Huvina Hadagali taluks. A two-stage sampling technique was utilized to gather data from 404 participants, who were administered a semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 software.
Results Out of the total community health workers, 336 (83.2%) were ASHA workers, while 68 (16.8%) were ANMs. The mean age of the community health workers was 38 ± 6 years, and 79% had received training in the RKSK program. Of the respondents, 60.9% demonstrated adequate knowledge, and 79.5% correctly executed the RKSK activities. In addition, 80.5% of the participants strongly concurred with statements reflecting their perception of the RKSK program.
Conclusion The study findings indicate that community health workers possess a commendable understanding of the RKSK program. Furthermore, their effective implementation practices and positive perceptions regarding the RKSK program and its activities suggest a genuine commitment to supporting the RKSK program and other health-related endeavors targeting adolescents.
A lighthouse to future opportunities for sustainable water provided by intelligent water hackathons in the Arabsphere
Authors: Batisha Ayman 
Published: October 2023

AbstractComplex water-related challenges hunger, poverty, climate change, biodiversity, land-use change, desertification agriculture, industrialization, urbanization, human population, and hygiene, need wise and urgent actions to overcome them. Globally, many drivers such as the U.S.-Chinese competition, the Russo–Ukrainian war, food security, pandemics, and human overpopulation, have water-related impacts. Freshwater is a truly complex interdisciplinary topic that requires innovative intelligent-inclusive ideas to reconcile limited water resources with expanding water demands. The article explores how artificial intelligence (AI) could rethink human-water interactions, remake water practices, humanize water science, and enhance daily water life. The Global Goals could be viewed as an integrated framework of human effort to face pressing today’s issues and to formulate a more sustainable and better world. Goal 6 (SDG 6 “sustaining water”) devoted to sustaining water and related actions for all humans is the skeleton of global goals (GGs). The Arabsphere faces severe water quality, quantity, and practice challenges to ensure the smooth achievement of global goals (GGs). Compared with the whole world and its main regions, the overall water stress indicator in the Arabsphere is greater than 100% (critical). This article explores how applied intelligence could be strengthened to achieve Goal 6, focuses on the “water stress” indicator, and how to ensure a sustainable water future (SWF) in the Arabsphere. The Intelligent Water Hackathon is a collaborative open science event. The hackathon was designed to mitigate water stress (WS) in the Arabsphere. The hackathon process involves four main phases: problem identification, team building, solution proposing, and presentation. The paper concludes hackathons could be a valuable process for the water researchers’ community to generate new and creative ideas and collective knowledge. Hackathon events could mitigate water stress, strengthen community engagement, and improve water resources outcomes. In closing, artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies are efficient providers to mitigate water stress, scarcity, and related risks. A future-driven Arab water vision based on artificial intelligence (AI) and intelligent water systems (IWSs) should be prioritized.