bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft wheat cultivars grown in the Saratov region and their resistance to Septoria blotch
Authors: Zeleneva Yu. V. , Konkova E. A. 
Published: November 2023

Septoria is one of the harmful diseases of wheat cultivars cultivated in the Saratov region. This infectious disease of fungal etiology limits yield indicators and rapidly progresses in many regions of the Russian Federation. The aim of the research was to assess the resistance of winter and spring wheat cultivars that are referred to as promising and recommended for cultivation in the Low Volga region of the Russian Federation to pathogens of Septoria, to study the populations of Parastagonospora nodorum and P. pseudonodorum in the territory of the Saratov region in order to detect the presence of effector genes. Using molecular markers, we performed the identification of genes encoding NEs in 220 Parastagonospora spp. fungal isolates obtained from 7 cultivars of soft winter wheat, 6 taken from the winter triticale, 5 from soft spring wheat, 3 from durum spring wheat and 1 from spring oats. Among the P. nodorum isolates studied, there were both single genes Tox1, Tox3, and ToxA, and combinations of two genes in one genotype. The presence of the ToxA gene was not noted in the genotype of P. pseudonodorum isolates. During 2020–2022, a collection of winter and spring wheat cultivars was studied to detect resistance to Septoria blotch in field conditions (13 cultivars of winter wheat and 7 cultivars of spring wheat accordingly). The resistance of the cultivars was proven by laboratory evaluation. Three inoculums were used, including the isolates of Z. tritici, P. nodorum (ToxA, Tox1, Tox3), P. pseudonodorum (ToxA, Tox1, Tox3) mainly obtained from Saratov populations of 2022 (except for P. pseudonodorum with the ToxA gene). The tested cultivars were characterized using the Xfcp623 molecular marker, diagnostic for Tsn1/ tsn1 genes, which controls sensitivity to the fungal toxin of PtrToxA. Of greatest interest are 11 wheat genotypes that showed resistance to one, two and three species which served as causative agents of Septoria blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici, P. nodorum, P. pseudonodorum). These are the soft winter wheat cultivars Gostianum 237 (tsn1), Lutescens 230 (Tsn1), Guberniya (Tsn1), Podruga (Tsn1), Anastasia (Tsn1), Sosedka (Tsn1) and the soft spring wheat cultivars Favorit (tsn1), Prokhorovka (tsn1), Saratovskaya 70 (tsn1), Saratovskaya 73 (tsn1), Belyanka (tsn1). The results obtained are of interest as they might increase the efficiency of selection based on the elimination of genotypes with dominant Tsn1 alleles sensitive to PtrToxA. In addition to the economic value of the cultivars studied, it is recommended to use them in breeding for resistance to Septoria blotch.
A study of macroinvertebrate communities in Bolshiye Koty Bay of Lake Baikal using DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Kravtsova L. S. , Peretolchina T. E. , Triboy T. I. , Nebesnykh I. A. , Tupikin A. E. , Kabilov M. R. 
Published: November 2023

The diversity of macroinvertebrates, the structure of their communities in Bolshiye Koty Bay (Lake Baikal) was studied by a DNA metabarcoding approach using an Illumina MiSeq system. Internal primer mlCOIintF in combination with jgHCO2198 of the Folmer fragment of the COI gene were used for macroinvertebrate metabarcoding. A total of 118009 reads of the COI gene fragment (at least 313 bp in length) were obtained. The correlation of the Spearman coefficient (S = 0.6, p < 0.05) with the abundance of macroinvertebrates in the samples before DNA extraction showed that the number of reads can serve as an indirect characteristic of the abundance of a species (operational taxonomic unit, OTU). 115 OTUs belonging to the higher taxa of macroinvertebrates were identified: Porifera, 1; Platyhelminthes, 3; Annelida, 38; Arthropoda, 55; Mollusca, 18. At a high level of resolution (with homology with GenBank reference sequences ≥ 95 %, coverage ≥ 90 %), 46 taxa of macroinvertebrates comprising three communities were registered: one dominated by molluscs (Choanomphalus conf. maacki) and two dominated by chironomids (Orthocladius grega rius Linev., Sergentia baicalensis Tshern.). Communities are characterized by low species diversity according to Shannon (from 0.7 to 1.2 bits), high concentration of dominance according to Simpson (from 0.5 to 0.7) and low evenness according to Pielou (from 0.3 to 0.4). Dominants and subdominants in the communities account for 91 to 96 % of COI gene fragment reads. The spatial distribution of the dominant species identified in the communities is influenced by the geomorphological features of the bottom and the composition of sediments in the area studied. The approach proposed for studying the structure of macroinvertebrate communities based on DNA metabarcoding and next generation sequencing can be recommended for express assessment of the state of aquatic ecosystems in the monitoring.
Project Selection in Traffic Accident Prevention and Mitigation
Authors: Poorzahedy Hossain , Shetab Bushehri Sayed Nader 
Published: November 2023

This paper deals with two problems in relation to the accident treatment of urban street networks, i.e. accident prevention (AP) and accident mitigation (MP). These two problems are defined based on the concepts of suitable remaining trip-hours, link importance, and klink connectedness of node-destinations in the network. The objective of problem (AP) is to upgrade the important links so as to maximize a measure of the performance of the network. This is a before-accident treatment of the network. The objective of problem (MP) is to mitigate the accident effects in the network so as to maximize a measure of network connectedness. This is an after-accident treatment of the network, which is done by equipping
auxiliary links in the network to join the available set of links, in order to make important 1-link connected node-destination pairs, k-link connected (k ≥ 2) . Two algorithms have been proposed to solve these two problems. The reasonability of the solution results has been shown by applying these two algorithms on a small-sized (6 nodes, 10 links) example network. The feasibility of the application of these algorithms on larger networks has been investigated by applying them on the network of Sioux Falls (24 nodes and 76 links).
Implementing Value Pricing for U.S. Roadways
Authors: Sullivan Edward C. 
Published: November 2023

This paper reviews the current status of congestion-based road pricing in the United States and examines some of the characteristics of successful and unsuccessful projects, including their marketing aspects. It is concluded that forward momentum has been established for innovative road pricing, but future progress toward more widespread use of congestionbased pricing is likely to take advantage of local opportunities which present themselves, and will proceed cautiously. Considerable emphasis will be placed on marketing strategies in order to win consumer acceptance.
Environmentally Sustainable Transport in Germany
Authors: Verron Hedwig , Friedrich Axel 
Published: November 2023

The study reported in this paper is part of an OECD project with several case studies in different countries. The purpose of the project was to look for possible ways to reduce the environmental impact of transport to a level which is compatible with sustainability. The participants in the case studies agreed upon quantifying criteria for carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, which should describe environmentally sustainable transport (EST), and each case study constructed a business-as-usual scenario and three EST scenarios, considering the period from 1990 to 2030. Each EST scenario should meet the criteria in a backcasting effort, EST1 looking for solely technical solutions, EST2 restricting and shifting transport volumes while ignoring technological progress, and EST3 combining components of both strategies. In the German case study criteria were additionally quantified for particulate matter, noise and land-take for transport purposes. The German EST1 scenario is based on hybrid electric hypercars, hydrogen for public transport, freight and aviation, and electricity from renewable sources. In the EST2 scenario total transport activity for passenger and freight transport had to be reduced by 40% and 25% respectively, compared to 1990 in order to meet the criteria. In the EST3 scenario, while highly energy efficient conventional propulsion systems and engines were used, total passenger transport decreased only slightly and freight transport even increased. Implementation measures were then defined on the basis of the EST3 scenario. Emission regulation, fuel tax, and road pricing for heavy duty vehicles were the key features in order to achieve EST in this case study. They were complemented by additional sets of measures, designed to prevent urban sprawl, diminish freight traffic growth, increase liveability of towns, improve the infrastructure and service conditions of alternative modes as well as provide energy supply by regenerative sources.
Environmentally Sustainable Transport in the CEI Countries
Authors: Thaler Robert , Wiederkehr Peter 
Published: November 2023

Moving people and freight in an environmentally sustainable manner that reduces environmental pollution and health hazards is a key challenge for transport and environment policies in Europe. Present mobility patterns of passenger and freight transport in Central and Eastern Europe do not correspond to the objectives of sustainable development. This paper presents the results of a transport futures study for the CEI region as a whole using backcasting methodology with long-term sustainability criteria to be met by 2030. Achieving environmentally sustainable transport (EST) doesn’t mean less transport and mobility than we have today, but it means primarily maintaining a balanced modal split that results in less environmental and health impacts than it would be under projected future trends. Rail, trams, busses and new forms of flexible inter-modal public transport mobility would have to take a large share and rail transport for passenger and freight as well as inland shipping would have to be nearly doubled by 2030 while road freight could still increase if it is based on alternative fuels reducing its impacts. Technological advancements for passenger cars and lorries, fuels and infrastructure will play an important part to achieve EST, but also ‘smart’ mobility management (e.g. transport avoidance, increasing load factors and modal shift), innovative mobility services and freight logistics would be critical. The implementation of these policies and strategies will require coherent and comprehensive packages of instruments and measures, including: economic instruments, regulatory instruments, changes
in infrastructure investment, mobility management, information and education programmes as well as better integration of land use, transport and environment policies. Realising EST will provide new opportunities for businesses to develop and invest in innovative solutions for passenger and freight transport. Overall, achieving EST would constitute a net benefit for the environment and for quality of life in general.
Book Review
Authors: Vanelslander Thierry 
Published: November 2023

This book was meant to disseminate the results of a national research project funded by the European Union. In this case, a standard structure could be expected containing the need for and the context of the research, the methodology used and the results obtained. But the book does a lot more than summarizing the research conducted. Each of the traditional items are of course reported throughout the different articles, but the emphasis is on original and provocative approaches. The evaluation of the latest trends in the sector, the impact of education and training on sector behaviour, the impact of culture, and the monitoring of reproductability and transferability of the evaluation procedure give an extra dimension to the analysis reporting. The main topic in itself too merits attention and praise since there is ample supply of training programmes, the quality of which, however, varies (a program useful in one situation may not apply to or even have a counterproductive effect in a different situation, and the need for training should be clearly evaluated before taking any action).
Hinterland Access Regimes in Seaports
Authors: de Langen Peter W. , Chouly Ariane 
Published: November 2023

Seaports serve hinterlands. Various inland modes such as road, rail, inland waterways and pipeline are used to access the hinterland. The quality of the access to and from the hinterland differs between seaports and affects their competitiveness.

The quality of the hinterland access depends among others on the behaviour of a large variety of actors, such as shipping lines, terminal operators, forwarders, the port authority and the national/regional government. Therefore, effective hinterland access is at least partially an organisational challenge. Together these actors create a ‘hinterland access regime’. The analysis of this regime is central in this paper.

First, the relevance of hinterland access for seaports is briefly discussed. Second, the term ‘hinterland access regime’ is defined and the theoretical framework presented in De Langen (2004) is used to analyse the quality of the hinterland access regime. Third, survey results on the quality of the hinterland access regime in three seaport clusters, Rotterdam, Durban and the Lower Mississippi Port Cluster (LMPC) are discussed. This analysis shows major differences between hinterland access regimes. Fourth, opportunities to improve the hinterland access regime in these three ports are discussed.
Adherence to Anti-VEGF Treatment in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Real-World Study
Authors: Shellvarajah Mekala , Barthelmes Daniel , Nguyen Vuong , Steinmann Sarah , Gillies Mark C. , Sagkriotis Alexandros 
Published: November 2023

Background The evolution of treatment patterns in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) warrants investigation into the impact of patients’ adherence to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment on visual outcomes. This retrospective, non-randomized, non-comparative study aimed to investigate real-world adherence to anti-VEGF treatment.
Methods Patients (eyes) (≥ 50 years) with a diagnosis of nAMD who had a first injection of aflibercept or ranibizumab between January 2016 and December 2018 and 12 months of follow-up were included. Visual acuity (VA; logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution letters) and duration of injection intervals were recorded. Adherence was defined as &lt; 20% of visits deviating from the schedule by ≥ 14 days.
Results Overall, 133 patient eyes were included: 129 adherent, 4 non-adherent. Mean (± standard deviation) baseline VA was 57.0 (± 23.6) and 53.8 (± 35.3) letters in adherent and non-adherent patient eyes, respectively. Mean change in VA by month 12 was higher in adherent (6.3 letters) than non-adherent patient eyes (−11 letters). In non-adherent patient eyes, no improvement in VA was recorded following completion of the loading period (month 3). Compared with the previous visit, adherent visits were associated with a mean increase in VA of 0.67 letters and non-adherent visits with a decrease of 2.30 letters.
Conclusions These results emphasize the importance of adherence to appropriate dosing regimens to optimize visual outcomes in patients with nAMD.
Association Between the New York SAFE Act and Firearm Suicide and Homicide: An Analysis of Synthetic Controls, New York State, 1999‒2019
Authors: Karaye Ibraheem M. , Knight Gaia , Kyriacou Corinne 
Published: November 2023

Objectives. To assess the association between the New York Secure Ammunition and Firearms Enforcement Act (NY SAFE Act) and firearm suicide and homicide rates.Methods. We employed a synthetic controls approach to investigate the impact of the NY SAFE Act on firearm suicide and firearm homicide rates. We collected state-level data on firearm mortality from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) database for the period 1999–2019. We derived statistical inference by using a permutation-based in-place placebo test.Results. The implementation of the NY SAFE Act was associated with a significant reduction in firearm homicide rates, demonstrating a decrease of 63%. This decrease corresponds to an estimated prevention of 1697 deaths between 2013 and 2019. However, there was no association between the NY SAFE Act and firearm suicide rates.Conclusions. As the responsibility for enacting firearm policies increasingly falls on states instead of the federal government, this study provides valuable information that can assist states in making evidence-based decisions regarding the development and implementation of firearm policies that prioritize public safety and aim to prevent firearm-related fatalities. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(12):1309–1317. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307400 )
Incarceration Status Among Individuals Obtaining Abortion in the United States, 2020
Authors: Kirstein Marielle , Fuentes Liza , Sufrin Carolyn 
Published: November 2023

Objectives. To examine the abortion frequency among incarcerated people before Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization was decided. Methods. We used data from the 2020 Abortion Provider Census to examine the number and distribution of facilities that provided abortions to incarcerated patients. Results. Sixty-seven clinics across 25 states and the District of Columbia provided more than 300 abortions to incarcerated patients in 2020. Eleven of these clinics are in states that now have total or near-total abortion bans. Public Health Implications. People in jails and prisons face many structural barriers when seeking an abortion, especially with increased state abortion restrictions and an inability to travel out of state. If they cannot obtain desired care, people may be forced to continue pregnancies in harsh conditions. To address abortion access inequities, policy and research must consider incarcerated individuals. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(12):1352–1355. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307411 )
Health Disparities Among Sexual and Gender Minorities With Adverse Childhood Experiences: Insights From the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Data
Authors: Solberg Marvin A. , Blair Lisa M. , Schlegel Emma C. , Kurzer Julie A. M. J. 
Published: November 2023

Objectives. To identify the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among sexual or gender minorities (SGMs) and examine the impact of ACEs on their health. Methods. We analyzed 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Respondents from Arkansas, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, and Wisconsin completed modules on 10 individual ACEs, sexual orientation and gender identity, and health. Results. Among the 38 483 eligible respondents, 2329 (6.1%) identified as an SGM. SGMs reported higher ACE prevalence than did their non-SGM counterparts. ACEs partially attenuated relationships between SGMs and a higher risk for depression, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, electronic nicotine delivery system use, and cannabis use. Conclusions. Evaluating and better understanding the ACE and health outcome relationship among SGMs should be prioritized. Targeted interventions are needed to mitigate the impact of ACE-associated sequelae in this population. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(12):1343–1351. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307420 )
On-farm performance of genetically improved scampi (CIFA-GI scampi TM) in carp-scampi polyculture system in Odisha, India
Authors: Panda Debabrata , Pillai Bindu R. , Mahapatra Kanta Das , De Himanshu Kumar , Mishra Bibhudatta , Sahu Sovan , Naik Namita , Suara Purnapriya , Nayak Abhijit , Patra Mukesh Kumar 
Published: November 2023

On-farm performance evaluation of the genetically improved variety of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii christened as CIFA-GI scampiTM was carried out in 14 districts of Odisha State, India during April 2019 to March 2020. Data were collected through personal interview of 46 farmers (28 CIFA-GI scampiTM and 18 non-GI scampi farmers) using a structured questionnaire. Socio-economic profile of two groups of respondents were found to be identical for all the selected variables except education, primary occupation and pond size. Harvest size, absolute growth rate, yield, sale price and gross profit were significantly higher in CIFA-GI scampiTM farmers compared to non-GI scampi farmers though size at stocking, stocking density and survival did not vary between these two groups. It was found that CIFA-GI scampiTM showed 53% higher growth rate, 68% higher yield, fetched 13% higher farm gate price with `0.62 lakh ha-1 crop-1 additional profit compared to non-GI scampi in carp-scampi polyculture system. The input and output parameters of carp component were not significantly different between the groups. The findings of this study highlighted the superiority of the CIFA-GI scampiTM. Thus, the adoption of culture of this improved strain will not only bridge the yield gap but also help in realisation of higher economic benefit to the farmers.
Keywords: CIFA-GI scampiTM, Genetically improved prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Polyculture, Performance assessment, , Socio-economic profile
Effect of salinity variation on intestinal microbiota of the Indian white shrimp Penaeus indicus H. Milne Edwards, 1837
Authors: Vinay T. N. , Patil P. K. , Suvana S. , Aravind R. , Avunje S. , Panigrahi A. , Balasubramanian C. P. 
Published: November 2023

The effects of salinity adaptation on gut microbiota of juvenile Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 was analysed in this experiment. Intestines of shrimps adapted to two different salinities were examined using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. At all salinity levels, the dominant phyla recorded were Proteobacteria followed by Bacteroidota and Fusobacteriota. However, as the salinity decreased, abundance of Proteobacteria increased while richness of Bacteroidota and Fusobacteriota decreased significantly. At genus level, salinity reduction increased the abundance of Vibrio and Photobacterium; while it decreased the abundance of Spongiimonas and Hypnocyclicus. The survival of animals in both the groups was not affected but the weight gain was less in low saline group (5 ppt). The results confirm the influence of salinity in rearing water on the intestinal microbiota of shrimp.
Keywords: Aquaculture, Bacteroidota, Fusobacteriota, Hypnocyclicus, Proteobacteria, Salinity, Spongiimonas