bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haitian Migration and Structural Racism in Brazil
Authors: de Souza e Silva Jailson , Fernandes Fernando Lannes , Barbosa Jorge Luiz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this chapter is to introduce the experiences of Haitian migrants within the specific context of Brazilian structural racism. We provide an initial discussion on the socio-historical foundations of Brazilian structural racism, in articulation with sexism and institutional patrimonialism—other two structuring components of Brazilian inequalities. After that we provide an overview on Haitian migration in Brazil and reflect on the findings of a study on Haitian migrants, with special attention to their views and experiences of racism in Brazil. Experiences of racism are distinct between Brazil and Haiti. Our findings suggest the need to better understand how experiences in diverse socio-cultural and political contexts may influence perceptions and even supposedly “naïve” views on race and inequalities. Our findings also point out to the need to acknowledge the distinct strategies adopted by Black migrants in the context of structural racism because the issue of race adds complex layers to their struggles and access to rights.
Climate Change and Human Mobility in the Global South
Authors: Boas Ingrid , Gautam Animesh , Olayiwola Ademola 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter offers a socio-political account of the ways in which the relations between climate change and human mobility manifest themselves in different regions of the Global South. By means of a literature review and empirical illustrations, the chapter demonstrates how climate mobility patterns are embedded within often uneven social and political dynamics which shape whether, how, and to where people move. This involves socio-economic dynamics such as gender inequality, or policy developments such as donor agendas impacting local manifestations of climate mobility in the Global South, and also the political role of state borders and how these influence the ways people can move in the context of climate risk. This together shows the social and political dimensions of climate mobility in the Global South.
South–South Migration and Children’s Education: Expanded Challenges and Increased Opportunities
Authors: Nyamnjoh Henrietta , Seaman Mackenzie , Zeleke Meron 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChildren participate in, and are affected by, South–South migration in diverse ways. In terms of children’s education specifically, migration produces, mitigates, and transforms educational inequalities, with such shifts generating impacts across generations and geographies. Through two case studies on South–South migration which focus on second-generation children born to Ethiopian parents and first-generation Ethiopian children who reunited with their parents in South Africa, and children in Ethiopia whose parents are migrants in South Africa, this chapter explores migration’s nuanced impact on educational opportunities, aspirations, and attainment and how this in turn effects social mobility and inequalities. The data reveal migration produces a complex web of inequalities transnationally (i.e. between children in Ethiopia and children born of or who joined Ethiopian migrants in South Africa) and nationally (among children in South Africa and among children in Ethiopia), with such inequalities being perceived differently across generations. In the future, these inequalities, and the perception thereof, will likely constrain migration’s ability to facilitate upward social mobility for children who are affected by migration, for future generations, and for migrants’ larger networks.
Mapping the Linkages Between Food Security, Inequality, Migration, and Development in the Global South
Authors: Crush Jonathan , Ramachandran Sujata 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, the authors draw attention to the ignored linkages between food security, inequality, migration, and development with respect to South-South migration. Building on core arguments reflecting on these ties and empirical studies from diverse sending and receiving contexts, they outline five distinctive ways in which these multidimensional relationships and interactions operate. The first aspect assesses how inequality of opportunities and outcomes affect food security to shape migration aspirations and movements. The second aspect discusses how food insecurity in a variety of conflict and crisis circumstances acts as the principal determinant and precipitant of forced migration. The third aspect addresses migrant remittances and their contribution to the food security of sending and recipient households. A fourth aspect highlights the activities of migrants in the food systems of receiving countries. Finally, the authors examine the food security circumstances of various migrant categories and connect it to migrant precarities at transit and destination sites. Their analysis problematises common framings of the migration-development nexus.
Migration Governance in South America: Change and Continuity in Times of “Crisis”
Authors: Vera Espinoza Marcia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of recent South America migration governance. Recent migration dynamics in South America have been marked by intra-regional and extra-regional mobility patterns. While such intra-regional movements have had as their destination mainly countries of the Southern Cone—such as Argentina, Chile and Brazil—recent mobility has also changed migration patterns in countries such as Peru, Colombia and Ecuador. In particular, the exodus of more than seven million Venezuelans has led to significant changes in migration flows and policies in the region. This chapter reflects on the changes in migration governance in South America in the last decade, and how it has been framed and justified through the lens of “multiple crises”. The chapter argues that South America has been developing a patchwork approach to migration governance, characterised by fragmented and reactive measures, with practices that evidence both continuity and change. The development of this approach is leading to more control, the criminalisation of migration, increased migrant irregularity and less protection for people on the move.
Migrant Political Mobilisation and Solidarity Building in the Global South
Authors: Awumbila Mariama , Garba Faisal , Darkwah Akosua K. , Zaami Mariama 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines how migrants from the Global South who move within the region organise themselves, the forms of solidarity that they extend to each other, and how these relate to broader working-class formations. While xenophobia and othering are regular features of migrant-local interactions in the migration literature, the extent to which its opposite, solidarity, occurs as a result of the workplace and community activism of migrants has received scant attention. This chapter therefore focuses on how migrants within the Global South organise at the meso-level to defend and access their rights, and the solidarity that they build among themselves as migrants and with social movements, working-class organisations, and other civil society actors. It argues that meso-level organising and the solidarity networks that are formed, provide migrants in the Global South with the space to build solidarity in their own ways and to fight their exploitation and oppression. Using the example of trade unions, the authors urge the need for political mobilisation actions to move away from conceptualisations of migrants as victims but rather as actors, capable of various initiatives and with whom they can build solidarity movements.
What Does it Mean to Move? Joy and Resistance Through Cultural Work in South–South Migration
Authors: Yohannes Hyab Teklehaimanot , Phipps Alison 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWithin migration studies, there has been an emphasis on the economic aspects of forced migration from the countries of the Global South to the Global North. The Global North’s measurement-heavy and largely economistic perceptions of the need to migrate obscure the humanity of forced migration. Where research and development work engage with arts and culture, it typically does so to communicate findings, educate, or mediatise. This chapter considers how art and cultural works serve as methods practised daily by migrants in contexts of violent (b)ordering, (dis)counting, and survival. It opens by unpacking necropolitics of the (b)ordering and (dis)counting that are not only drawn between the here and there, the us and them, but also between the knowable and the unknowable. The intention, here, is to rebuke the creation of “death-worlds and their minions” (Schaffer, 2020) with the forms of resistance which demonstrate and persist where people are manifestly, often gloriously, alive. It then moves on to conceptualise ways of destituting these violent structures of (b)ordering and (dis)counting through artistic, poetic, and cultural work. The chapter concludes by stressing the need for cultural work mediated by arts-based research to unmask not only the humanity within the South–South migration but also the potent forces of comfort and discomfort.
Analytics Practices in Practice: How Software Startup Companies Are Applying Analytics?
Authors: Rafiq Usman , Wang Xiaofeng , Zaina Luciana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnalytics is becoming known for providing exceptional opportunities to companies. However, companies are not utilizing its full potential despite the widespread benefits. In particular, analytics practices are imperceptible when we talk about small yet innovative companies like software startups. Nevertheless, startups’ uncertain nature and focus on innovation make them promising candidates to increase the odds of success using analytics. In this paper, we investigate the key practices applied by software startups while conducting analytics. We address our research question through a multiple case study performed with three startup companies at distinct startup stages. Thematic data analysis led us to observe nine analytics practices applied by these startups. The identified analytics practices span a spectrum of activities characterized by the analytics framework. Our findings provide insights for software startup companies to introduce or enhance analytics in their specialized context.
ChatGPT as a Tool for User Story Quality Evaluation: Trustworthy Out of the Box?
Authors: Ronanki Krishna , Cabrero-Daniel Beatriz , Berger Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn Agile software development, user stories play a vital role in capturing and conveying end-user needs, prioritizing features, and facilitating communication and collaboration within development teams. However, automated methods for evaluating user stories require training in NLP tools and can be time-consuming to develop and integrate. This study explores using ChatGPT for user story quality evaluation and compares its performance with an existing benchmark. Our study shows that ChatGPT’s evaluation aligns well with human evaluation, and we propose a “best of three” strategy to improve its output stability. We also discuss the concept of trustworthiness in AI and its implications for non-experts using ChatGPT’s unprocessed outputs. Our research contributes to understanding the reliability and applicability of Generative AI in user story evaluation and offers recommendations for future research.
Turning Large Language Models into AI Assistants for Startups Using Prompt Patterns
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Attal Mohammad Idris , Rafiq Usman , Hubner-Benz Sylvia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMost startups operate with limited resources and experience. AI technologies enable them to accomplish many tasks under these constraints. The recent advance of large language models (LLMs) offers new opportunities to support startup endeavors. Given the nascent nature of LLMs, how they could be utilized to support startups is yet to be investigated. Since prompt engineering is believed to be at the core of the effective use of LLMs, we aim to understand how to apply prompt engineering to turn LLMs into AI assistants for startups. As the first step, we investigated the application of a set of prompt patterns to ChatGPT, arguably the most widely known LLM currently. The preliminary results show that some patterns are more suitable for brainstorming which is a typical activity conducted by early-stage startups. Prompt-tuned questions may lead to more specific and more detailed responses, but it is not guaranteed. Meantime, human factors play an important role in the effective application of prompt patterns. Large-size and systematic studies are needed to apply the right patterns to different questions, taking into account the differences among startups in terms of their startup knowledge, domain knowledge, and their attitudes and behaviors towards LLMs.
Enhancing Agile Software Development Sustainability Through the Integration of User Experience and Gamification
Authors: Alhammad Manal , Moreno Ana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article provides a rich discussion on how the sustainability of agile development processes can be enhanced. In particular, we focus on a recently developed framework, named GLUX, that integrates Lean UX into Scrum. GLUX’s main goal is to facilitate a seamless integration between agile and user experience (UX) by using gamification to motivate agile teams to adopt a user-centered mindset and carry out UX activities collaboratively throughout the development process. Our role as software researchers is to contribute towards improving software sustainability and provide the software engineering community with the tools and techniques that will improve the human, economic, and environmental sustainability of software development. We found that GLUX addresses human sustainability by empowering self-sufficient, problem-focused teams, building a motivating and engaging environment, and developing team cooperation. Economic sustainability is addressed by minimizing UX debt and using gamification techniques to direct the focus of the behavior and mindset of agile teams towards value creation. Finally, environmental sustainability is promoted by encouraging agile teams to build a minimum viable product (MVP).
Reviewing Crypto-Agility and Quantum Resistance in the Light of Agile Practices
Authors: Marchesi Lodovica , Marchesi Michele , Tonelli Roberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe term crypto-agility means the ability to quickly and securely change cryptographic algorithms and related data, in the case of their compromise. In this context, the advent of quantum computing constitutes a new paradigm, which poses existential threats to current cryptographic algorithms. Even if these attacks are not an imminent danger, we must be prepared to change the cryptographic algorithms at risk with new, quantum resistant ones. This is by no means an easy task, because cryptographic algorithms are used everywhere and are often also implemented on the hardware. In this paper, we analyze the similarities and the differences between traditional agility and crypto-agility, and investigate the prospects of using agile and lean practices in the context of crypto-agility to introduce quantum resistant algorithms. In particular, for the main agile and lean practices we discuss if and how they can be useful for obtaining crypto-agility. We also investigate how the features key to crypto-agility can be helped by the agile and lean approach.
Empirical Investigation of Quantum Computing on Solving Complex Problems
Authors: Hussain Shahid , Neupane Yuba , Wang Wen-Li , Ibrahim Naseem , Khan Saif Ur Rehman , Kareem Asif 
Published: December 2023

AbstractContext: The rules of Quantum Mechanics have been exploited through Quantum Computing (QC) to solve specific problems and process information in expeditious ways as compared to Conventional Computing (CC) such as factoring integers. Problem: With the alluring computation capability of QC, it is still important to assess the implications and limitations of QC in solving a variety of computationally demanding problems. Method: In this regard, an empirical study was conducted to assess the efficacy of QC in terms of solving certain complex problems by keeping a tradeoff between the execution time and problem size. An analysis was performed based on the widely used Shor’s algorithms and the efficacy of QC as compared to CC was reported. Results: The outcomes show that QC has the potential to exponentially speed up the identification of a solution to certain polynomial problems that are intractable for CC. However, further research is needed to fully understand the potential and limitations of QC for Non-Polynomial (NP) complete problems.
Towards an Architecture-Centric Methodology for Migrating to Microservices
Authors: Fritzsch Jonas , Bogner Justus , Haug Markus , Wagner Stefan , Zimmermann Alfred 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe euphoria around microservices has decreased over the years, but the trend of modernizing legacy systems to this novel architectural style is unbroken to date. A variety of approaches have been proposed in academia and industry, aiming to structure and automate the often long-lasting and cost-intensive migration journey. However, our research shows that there is still a need for more systematic guidance. While grey literature is dominant for knowledge exchange among practitioners, academia has contributed a significant body of knowledge as well, catching up on its initial neglect. A vast number of studies on the topic yielded novel techniques, often backed by industry evaluations. However, practitioners hardly leverage these resources. In this paper, we report on our efforts to design an architecture-centric methodology for migrating to microservices. As its main contribution, a framework provides guidance for architects during the three phases of a migration. We refer to methods, techniques, and approaches based on a variety of scientific studies that have not been made available in a similarly comprehensible manner before. Through an accompanying tool to be developed, architects will be in a position to systematically plan their migration, make better informed decisions, and use the most appropriate techniques and tools to transition their systems to microservices.
Being Agile in a Data Science Project
Authors: Cordeiro Renato , Alves Isaque , Alves Samara , Goldman Alfredo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractApplying agile practices in data science requires adaptations. This paper describes challenges and lessons learned in two applied machine learning projects developed in the XP Lab course at University of São Paulo in Brazil. It compiles six suggestions for educators and practitioners who want to bring agility to their data science initiatives.
The Future of Work: Agile in a Hybrid World
Authors: Mancl Dennis , Fraser Steven D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn agile organization adapts what they are building to match their customer’s evolving needs. Agile teams also adapt to changes in their organization’s work environment. The latest change is the evolving environment of “hybrid” work – a mix of in-person and virtual staff. Team members might sometimes work together in the office, work from home, or work in other locations, and they may struggle to sustain a high level of collaboration and innovation. It isn’t just pandemic social distancing – many of us want to work from home to eliminate our commute and spend more time with family. Are there learnings and best practices that organizations can use to become and stay effective in a hybrid world? An XP 2022 panel organized by Steven Fraser (Innoxec) discussed these questions in June 2022. The panel was facilitated by Hendrik Esser (Ericsson) and featured Alistair Cockburn (Heart of Agile), Sandy Mamoli (Nomad8), Nils Brede Moe (SINTEF), Jaana Nyfjord (Spotify), and Darja Smite (Blekinge Institute of Technology).
Organizational Debt in Large-Scale Hybrid Agile Software Development: A Case Study on Coordination Mechanisms
Authors: Liu Zixuan , Stray Viktoria , Sporsem Tor 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSoftware development is a complex human-centered activity, increasingly complicated by agile organizations scaling and adopting hybrid work. While technical debt has been extensively studied, other forms of debt-organizational, process, cultural, and social-have received less attention. We conducted a case study using ten semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis to identify coordination mechanisms used in large-scale hybrid agile. We identified organizational debt challenges such as a lack of shared mental models, team coordination, team cohesion, and team learning. Also, the hybrid working arrangement was found to create tension between increased individual autonomy and team objectives, as well as between team autonomy and inter-team coordination. We found 23 coordination mechanisms that the teams used to address challenges in their organization. We propose that implementing many of these mechanisms may help manage organizational debt.
The Know-How of Agile Retrospectives in Software Startups
Authors: Khanna Dron , Wang Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSoftware startups are responsible for fast product delivery to the market. To aid this process, a retrospective inside a startup team can be very fruitful for software development. The traditional way of conducting agile retrospectives involves discussion based on what went well, what did not go well, and how to improve the software development cycle helps to save resources, get directed toward the startup vision, and overcome several challenges. To attain insights about the agile retrospective approach in startups, we studied the following question: How are software startups performing agile retrospectives? Hence, we conducted seven multiple case studies with 19 semi-structured interviews that lasted 30–65 min. The results outline that all software startups prefer a reflection through agile retrospectives but not in the traditional manner. Due to the startup’s casual and less restricted working environment, teams prefer informal agile retrospectives, which involve no confined boundaries of time, venue, and participants.
Perturbative contributions to $$ \Delta {\alpha}^{(5)}\left({M}_Z^2\right) $$
Authors: Erler Jens , Ferro-Hernández Rodolfo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We compute a theoretically driven prediction for the hadronic contribution to the electromagnetic running coupling at the Z scale using lattice QCD and state-of-the-art perturbative QCD. We obtain$$ {\displaystyle \begin{array}{cc}\Delta {\alpha}^{(5)}\left({M}_Z^2\right)=\left[279.5\pm 0.9\pm 0.59\right]\times {10}^{-4}& \left(\textrm{Mainz}\ \textrm{Collaboration}\right)\\ {}\Delta {\alpha}^{(5)}\left({M}_Z^2\right)=\left[278.42\pm 0.22\pm 0.59\right]\times {10}^{-4}& \left(\textrm{BMW}\ \textrm{Collaboration}\right),\end{array}} $$

Δ

α

5

M
Z
2

=

279.5
±
0.9
±
0.59

×

10

−
4

Mainz Collaboration

Δ

α

5

M
Z
2

=

278.42
±
0.22
±
0.59

×

10

−
4

BMW

Collaboration

,

where the first error is the quoted lattice uncertainty. The second is due to perturbative QCD, and is dominated by the parametric uncertainty on $$ {\hat{\alpha}}_s $$

α
̂

s

, which is based on a rather conservative error. Using instead the PDG average, we find a total error on $$ \Delta {\alpha}^{(5)}\left({M}_Z^2\right) $$
Δ

α

5

M
Z
2

of 0.4 × 10−4. Furthermore, with a particular emphasis on the charm quark contributions, we also update $$ \Delta {\alpha}^{(5)}\left({M}_Z^2\right) $$
Δ

α

5

M
Z
2

when low-energy cross-section data is used as an input, obtaining $$ \Delta {\alpha}^{(5)}\left({M}_Z^2\right) $$
Δ

α

5

M
Z
2

= [276.29 ± 0.38 ± 0.62] × 10−4. The difference between lattice QCD and cross-section-driven results reflects the known tension between both methods in the computation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Our results are expressed in a way that will allow straightforward modifications and an easy implementation in electroweak global fits.