bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic interlining in bus operations
Authors: Zahedi Seyedmostafa , Koutsopoulos Haris N. , Ma Zhenliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe paper introduces and evaluates the concept of the dynamic interlining of buses. Dynamic interlining is an operational strategy for routes with a terminal station at a common hub, allowing a portion of (or all) the fleet to be shared among the routes belonging to the hub (shared fleet) as needed. The shared fleet is dispatched on an on-demand basis to serve scheduled trips on any route to avoid delays and regulate services. The paper examines systematically the impacts of dynamic interlining on service reliability. It formulates the dispatching problem as an optimization problem and uses simulation to evaluate the dynamic interlining strategy under a variety of operating conditions. Using bus routes in Boston’s Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) as a case study, the strategy’s feasibility and factors that affect its performance are investigated. Results show that dynamic interlining can improve service reliability (increases on-time departures and decreases departure headways variability at the hub). The fraction of the fleet that is shared has the most dominant impact on performance. In the case where all buses are dynamically interlined, the performance improves as route frequency increases and more routes participate in the strategy.
Coupling engagement with analytical rigor: advancing research on religion and entrepreneurship using a mechanism-based approach
Authors: Dejardin Marcus , Hoogendoorn Brigitte , Janssen Frank , Rietveld Cornelius A. , van Burg Elco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSecularization processes alongside supposed tensions between science and religion may partly explain the slow development of literature on the relationship between religion and entrepreneurship. Nevertheless, the overwhelming number of submissions we received for the present special issue of Small Business Economics suggests a profound interest in this topic by researchers from all around the globe. In many of these submissions, the researcher’s own personal values or beliefs explicitly or implicitly motivated the research question, shaped the research design, and steered the interpretation of outcomes – regrettably, although this engagement often being at the expense of the study’s analytical rigor. We explain how the Weberian distinction between value-neutrality and value-relevance can help to increase the rigor of studies on the relationship between religion and entrepreneurship. Moreover, we propose a mechanism-based approach to explain and test the multiple interrelationships between religion and entrepreneurship because such mechanisms are often assumed rather than empirically tested. By drawing on and extending Saroglou’s religious dimensions model, we structure potential mechanisms between religion and entrepreneurship as well as between entrepreneurship and religion.
Halftime rotational atherectomy: a unique concept for diffuse long severely calcified lesions
Authors: Sakakura Kenichi , Jinnouchi Hiroyuki , Taniguchi Yousuke , Tsukui Takunori , Watanabe Yusuke , Yamamoto Kei , Seguchi Masaru , Fujita Hideo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRotational atherectomy (RA) is technically more difficult in a diffuse calcified lesion than in a focal calcified lesion. We hypothesized that taking a halftime can be another option for RA to the diffuse calcified lesions. Halftime was defined as at least one long break during RA, in which an operator pulled out the Rotablator system from the guide catheter before crossing the lesion. This study aimed to compare the complications between RA with and without halftime. We included 177 diffuse long severely calcified lesions (lesion lengths ≥ 30 mm) that required RA, and divided those lesions into a halftime group (n = 29) and a no-halftime group (n = 148). The primary outcome was periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI). The reference diameter was smaller in the halftime group than in the no-halftime group [1.82 (1.70–2.06) mm versus 2.17 (1.89–2.59) mm, p = 0.002]. The total run time was longer in the halftime group than in the non-halftime group [133.0 (102.0–223.0) seconds versus 71.5 (42.0–108.0) seconds, p < 0.001]. Although creatinine kinase (CK) and CK–myocardial band (MB) was significantly higher in the halftime group than in the no-halftime group [CK: 156 (97–308) U/L versus 99 (59–216) U/L, p = 0.021; CK–MB: 15 (8–24) U/L versus 5 (3–15) U/L, p < 0.001], periprocedural MI was not observed in the halftime group. In conclusion, periprocedural MI was not observed in RA with halftime. This preliminary study suggests that halftime RA may be a safe option for diffuse severely calcified lesions.
Graphical abstract
Recent progress in the conversion of agricultural waste into functional materials
Authors: Nqoro Xhamla , Taziwa Raymond , Popoola Patricia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAgricultural waste is enriched with a variety of environmentally friendly materials that can potentially boost economic growth, reduce the spread of contagious diseases, and serve as a carbon-free renewable energy bioresource. Biopolymers produced from agricultural waste have a range of applications in medicine, agriculture, pharmaceutics, and industrial factories. The chemical extraction of biopolymers from biomass requires a series of alternating alkali, acid, and alkali treatments at controlled temperatures. Chemical extraction of plant-based biopolymers requires elevated temperatures (70–100°C), while for animal and sea organism-based biopolymers, moderate temperatures of 25–60°C are used. The obtained biopolymers are functionalized into various materials for application in a wide range of industries. The reported functional materials are loaded with inorganic nanomaterials, plant extracts, and organic compounds, which resulted in a synergistic effect and enhanced activity of the materials. Several researchers have synthesized biopolymers with synthetic polymers to improve their bioavailability, tensile strength, shelf life, and UV adsorption. This review article reports the extraction techniques of biopolymers from agricultural waste and their application in wound healing, water treatment, food storage, passive cooling, and cosmetics. The dearth of scientific articles on the applications of biopolymers generated from agricultural waste produced from food crops grown in Africa is a motivation for the present compilation.
Diet-Related Risk Factors for Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Italian Prisoners: B.A.C.I. (Benessere All’interno delle Carceri Italiane, Well-Being Inside the Italian Prisons) Project by the Italian Society of Penitentiary Medicine and Public Health (S.I.M.S.Pe. Società Italiana di Medicina e Sanità Penitenziaria)
Authors: Verde Ludovica , Pagano Antonio Maria , de Leo Monica , Vetrani Claudia , Ambretti Antinea , Lucania Luciano , Babudieri Sergio , De Chiara Anna , Colao Annamaria , Corsi Michele , Muscogiuri Giovanna , Barrea Luigi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The review aims to present an overview of inmate health, focusing on lifestyle-related diseases, physical activity levels, and nutritional status. It also presents the B.A.C.I. (Benessere All’interno delle Carceri Italiane, well-being inside the Italian prisons) project, which aims to offers an innovative path of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) related to unhealthy lifestyles in prisons in the Campania region, Italy.

Recent Findings
The global prison population has risen by 24% since the year 2000, with over 10.77 million people detained worldwide in 2021. In Italy alone, there are currently over 57,000 inmates. Inmates face a higher risk of NCDs such as cardiovascular disease due to unhealthy lifestyles characterized by poor diets and lack of physical activity. Additionally, sleep disorders, particularly insomnia, are prevalent among inmates, further contributing to health disparities. While physical activity has shown positive effects on inmate well-being, there is limited research on nutritional status and interventions in prison populations.

Summary
Providing quality healthcare to inmates is an international policy norm, but the standards vary globally and are often inadequate. The economic burden of NCDs is rising, and this is exacerbated in prisons, making it challenging for individuals to reintegrate into society after release.
Estimating Costs Associated with Disease Model States Using Generalized Linear Models: A Tutorial
Authors: Zhou Junwen , Williams Claire , Keng Mi Jun , Wu Runguo , Mihaylova Borislava 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEstimates of costs associated with disease states are required to inform decision analytic disease models to evaluate interventions that modify disease trajectory. Increasingly, decision analytic models are developed using patient-level data with a focus on heterogeneity between patients, and there is a demand for costs informing such models to reflect individual patient costs. Statistical models of health care costs need to recognize the specific features of costs data which typically include a large number of zero observations for non-users, and a skewed and heavy right-hand tailed distribution due to a small number of heavy healthcare users. Different methods are available for modelling costs, such as generalized linear models (GLMs), extended estimating equations and latent class approaches. While there are tutorials addressing approaches to decision modelling, there is no practical guidance on the cost estimation to inform such models. Therefore, this tutorial aims to provide a general guidance on estimating healthcare costs associated with disease states in decision analytic models. Specifically, we present a step-by-step guide to how individual participant data can be used to estimate costs over discrete periods for participants with particular characteristics, based on the GLM framework. We focus on the practical aspects of cost modelling from the conceptualization of the research question to the derivation of costs for an individual in particular disease states. We provide a practical example with step-by-step R code illustrating the process of modelling the hospital costs associated with disease states for a cardiovascular disease model.
Nach der Digitalisierung
Authors: Schumacher Eckhard 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIn dem Maß, in dem Gegenwartsliteratur gängige Auffassungen von Literatur wie von Gegenwart irritieren kann, kann sie auch als Impulsgeber und Korrektiv für eine Literaturwissenschaft fungieren, die nicht immer schon voraussetzt zu wissen, was Literatur ist. Sichtbar geworden ist dies zuletzt in Auseinandersetzungen mit Sozialen Medien, bei denen in Experimenten mit digitalen Tools wie im Rahmen konventionellerer Formen von Literatur und korrespondierender Theoriediskurse literarische und zeitdiagnostische Schreibweisen aneinanderrücken und auf je verschiedene Weise das hervorbringen, was als »Gegenwartsvergegenwärtigung« bezeichnet werden kann.
Fractional-view analysis of the transmission dynamics of a bacterial infection with nonlocal and nonsingular kernel
Authors: Degaichia Hakima , Jan Rashid , Rehman Ziad Ur , Boulaaras Salah , Jan Asif 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn enormous cost is placed on people, communities, and healthcare systems by bacterial infections. Measures of the burden of bacterial infections include morbidity, mortality, economic expenditures, and overall effects on public health. Campylobacteriosis is a bacterial infection imposes a significant economic burden on both individuals and societies due to its prevalence, healthcare costs, and the associated loss of productivity. In our research, we develop a model to analyze the transmission of campylobacteriosis infection, taking into account factors such as vaccination and treatment. We also examine the fundamental characteristics of fractional calculus to understand the model better. The equilibria of the model are studied, and we calculate the reproduction parameter denoted as $$\mathcal{R}_{0}$$

R
0

. Furthermore, we provide proof of stability for the equilibria of the system. Lastly, we conduct numerical investigations to explore the variation of the system’s reproduction parameter with different input parameters. We have established the necessary conditions to ensure the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the proposed model of campylobacteriosis infection. To better understand the complex dynamics of campylobacteriosis infection, we conduct various simulations of the suggested model while modifying the input factors. These simulations allow us to investigate the effects of different input parameters on the dynamics of campylobacteriosis infection. We analyze the dynamic behavior of the system to develop efficient control strategies for managing the infection. Notable improvements have been observed by reducing the order of the fractional derivative. Based on our findings, we propose various factors to the policy makers in the community to mitigate the spread of campylobacteriosis infection.
Comparison of different mulching options for improving water productivity and maize yield in a semi-arid climate, Northern Ethiopia, Tigray
Authors: Yisfa Teame , Grum Berhane , Aregay Gebremeskel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study compared the effectiveness of organic and inorganic mulching options for improving soil moisture content (SMC), water productivity (WP), and maize yield. The objectives of the study were to (a) investigate the effects of organic and inorganic mulches on SMC and water productivity, (b) quantify maize yield improvements due to the application of organic and inorganic mulches. The experiment was set up with a randomized complete block design with four treatments, namely black plastic mulch (BPM), white plastic mulch (WPM), flax straw mulch (FSM), and a control. The result indicated that WPM, BPM, and FSM increased maize yield by 66.1, 47.0, and 1.9% compared to the control. The net returns with the application of WPM, BPM and FSM were 1459.0, 1119.6, and 847.1 USD/hectare, respectively. Similarly, WPM, BPM, and FSM increased WP by 184.5, 127.6, and 39.4%, respectively. SMC was also increased by 16, 10.8, and 3.5% by WPM, BPM, and FSM, respectively. Inorganic mulches had a significant effect on WP and maize yield. On the other hand, FSM did not have any significant effect on WP and maize yield. The findings of this study indicated that inorganic mulches are useful for improving WP and maize yield. It is therefore necessary to apply inorganic mulches to improve WP and maximize maize yield in areas with a semi-arid climate such as northern Ethiopia.
Trichomonas vaginalis and human papillomavirus: Association with the microbiota and burden on the cervix
Authors: Osafo Kelvin Stefan , Lin Wenyu , Dong Binhua , Sun Pengming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrichomoniasis and HPV infection are common non-viral and viral sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Emerging evidence shows that the female genital tract and its microbiota are greatly affected by these pathogens. However, the relationship between Trichomonas vaginalis, the vaginal microbiome, and High-risk (HR)-HPV infection is complex and multifaceted. Studies have proven that concurrent infections of HIV and HPV increase the risk of cervical cancer. With this basis, a question arises: How does the concurrent infection of trichomonas vaginalis and HPV affect genital tract health? Does this concurrent infection enhance or inhibit the development of cervical lesions? This review aims to bring light to these questions. This review also covers the association of trichomonas vaginalis and HPV with the microbiota of the genital tract.
Equidistribution of rational subspaces and their shapes
Authors: AKA MENNY , MUSSO ANDREA , WIESER ANDREAS 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo any k-dimensional subspace of
$\mathbb {Q}^n$
one can naturally associate a point in the Grassmannian
$\mathrm {Gr}_{n,k}(\mathbb {R})$
and two shapes of lattices of rank k and
$n-k$
, respectively. These lattices originate by intersecting the k-dimensional subspace and its orthogonal with the lattice
$\mathbb {Z}^n$
. Using unipotent dynamics, we prove simultaneous equidistribution of all of these objects under congruence conditions when
$(k,n) \neq (2,4)$
.
Prevalence of hospital-associated infections and its association with discharge destinations and hospital readmissions in Brussels, Belgium, from 2008 to 2020: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study
Authors: Mahieu Romain , Yannart Melody , Dauby Nicolas , Catry Boudewijn , Newton Sam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectives:To examine time trends of hospital-associated infections (HAIs) in people living in the Brussels–Capital Region, and to evaluate the consequences for hospitals and long-term care facilities (LTCFs).Design:Cross-sectional analyses of yearly hospital administrative data.Setting:All Belgian hospitals and discharge destinations, focusing on LTCFs.Participants:All individuals from the Brussels–Capital Region hospitalized for >1 day throughout Belgium between 2008 and 2020 (N = 1,915,572).Methods:We calculated HAI prevalences and then, adjusting for confounders, the odds of being discharged to a LTCF or being readmitted within 30 days postdischarge after an HAI. HAIs included hospital-associated bloodstream infections, hospital-associated urinary tract infections, hospital-associated pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and surgical-site infections.Results:Between 2008 and 2020, we identified 77,004 HAIs. Changes in time trends occurred. We observed a decrease of all HAIs from 2012 to 2014 from 5.17% to 2.19% (P < .001) and an increase from 2019 to 2020 from 3.38% to 4.06% (P < .001). Among patients with HAIs, 24.36% were discharged to LTCFs and 13.51% underwent early readmission. For stays ≥4 days, HAIs were associated with higher odds of LTCF discharge (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22–1.28), but with lesser odds of early readmission (aOR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.85–0.90).Conclusions:Administrative data can be useful to detect HAIs trends, but they seem to underestimate the burden compared to surveillance systems. Risk factors of readmission should be identified during hospital stays to ensure continuity of care. Considering the results from 2020 coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic, monitoring the impact of HAIs should continue.
Bloodstream infections in prolonged use of axillary-placed, intra-aortic balloon-pump support: A single-center study
Authors: Dreucean Diane , Donahue Kevin R. , Morton Celia , Succar Luma , Krisl Jill , Agrawal Tanushree , Perez Katherine , Jaramillo Taylor , Kim Ju , Fida Nadia , Guha Ashrith , Kassi Mahwash , Yousefzai Rayan , Hussain Imad , Grimes Kevin , Bhimaraj Arvind 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInfections from prolonged use of axillary intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABPs) have not been well studied. Bloodstream infection (BSI) occurred in 13% of our patients; however, no difference in outcome was noted between those with BSI and those without. Further studies regarding protocol developments that minimize BSI risk are needed.
Reynolds number dependence of turbulent kinetic energy and energy balance of 3-component turbulence intensity in a pipe flow
Authors: Ono Marie , Furuichi Noriyuki , Tsuji Yoshiyuki 
Published: November 2023

Measurement data sets are presented for the turbulence intensity profile of three velocity components (

$u$

,

$v$

and

$w$

) and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE,

$k$

) over a wide range of Reynolds numbers from

$Re_\tau =990$

to 20 750 in a pipe flow. The turbulence intensity profiles of the

$u$

- and

$w$

-component show logarithmic behaviour, and that of the

$v$

-component shows a constant region at high Reynolds numbers,

$Re_\tau >10\,000$

. Furthermore, a logarithmic region is also observed in the TKE profile at

$y/R=0.055\unicode{x2013}0.25$

. The Reynolds number dependences of peak values of

$u$

-,

$w$

-component and TKE fit to both a logarithmic law (Marusic et al., Phys. Rev. Fluids, vol. 2, 2017, 100502) and an asymptotic law (Chen and Sreenivasan, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 908, 2020, R3), within the uncertainty of measurement. The Reynolds number dependence of the bulk TKE

$k^+_{bulk}$

, which is the total amount of TKE in the cross-sectional area of the pipe also fits to both laws. When the asymptotic law is applied to the

$k^+_{bulk}$

, it asymptotically increases to the finite value

$k^+_{bulk}=11$

as the Reynolds number increases. The contribution ratio

$\langle u'^2\rangle /k$

reaches a plateau, and the value tends to be constant within

$100< y^+<1000$

at

$Re_\tau >10\ 000$

. Therefore, the local balance of each velocity component also indicates asymptotic behaviour. The contribution ratios are balanced in this region at high Reynolds numbers as

$\langle u'^2\rangle /k\simeq 1.25$

,

$\langle w'^2\rangle /k\simeq 0.5$

and

$\langle v'^2\rangle /k \simeq 0.25$

.
Research on the implementation and practice of the CCAMLR System of Inspection
Authors: Feng Chong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The CCAMLR System of Inspection has been in place for more than 30 years, but its implementation and impact have yet to be summarised and analysed. The purpose of the research is to clarify the legal basis, analyse the implementation and make suggestions for further improvements. By analysing the CAMLR Convention and historical files, the System of Inspection has been further improved and many details have been added based on some international fisheries agreements and domestic laws regulating fisheries. Article XXIV of the CAMLR Convention, various Conservation Measures and documents form the legal basis of the System of Inspection. The System is divided into two types, namely At-sea inspection and Port inspection. Combined with the annual reports of CCAMLR meetings over the past 30 years, the System has become relatively complete as a “Compliance Monitoring Mechanism” under the CCAMLR Compliance Evaluation Procedure with other monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) tools. However, inspection data have not been stable over the years. Since 2017, the increase in catches has not led to an increase in the number of inspections in the annual reports. In addition, At-sea inspections do not cover all Subareas of the Convention. At present, the objects of inspection have been extended to Non-Member vessels, so that it should also be sanctioned through various mechanisms. In addition, the System of Inspection is different from the Compliance Evaluation Procedure and the relationship between the two needs to be confirmed in practice. Due to the change in inspection methods, the lack of inspection data and the increase in other MCS tools, At-sea inspection does not cover all Subareas of the Convention. The System of Inspection is constantly being practised and improved. The study calls on Members to continue to carry out inspections and to improve the System in order to achieve the conservation and rational use of fishery resources.