bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytometric Evaluation of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Dogs with Lymphoma during Chemotherapy
Authors: Winnicka A. , Jagielski D. , Hoffmann‐Jagielska M. , Lechowski R. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryTwenty dogs with clinically diagnosed multicentric lymphoma were evaluated for percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations. Cytometric analysis was performed before and during chemotherapy. The results were compared to those obtained from a control group of healthy dogs. The percentages of CD5+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells were markedly decreased and CD21‐like+ cellsmarkedly increased in dogs with lymphoma in comparison withthe control group. During the course of chemotherapythese values returned to ranges observed in healthy animals.
Endocrine, Metabolic and Clinical Effects of Intravenous Endotoxin Injection after Pre‐Treatment with Meloxicam in Heifers
Authors: KÖNIGSSON K. , ODENSVIK K. , KINDAHL H. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryMeloxicam (M), a non‐steroid anti‐inflammatory drug for use in animals, reduces prostaglandin (PG) synthesis by inhibiting cyclooxygenases‐1 and ‐2. The aim of this study was to evaluate M's capability to prevent the inflammatory response elicited by endotoxin (ET). Furthermore, we wanted to evaluate a possible effect of M on Δ13‐reductase and 15‐hydroxy prostanoate dehydrogenase, enzymes responsible for the initial metabolism of PGF2α. Four heifers acting as their own controls were used in the study. The heifers received an i.v. injection of either saline (S) or M (0.5 mg/kg) at 1.5 h before an i.v. injection of ET (50 ng/kg b.w. i.v.). The trial lasted 57 h after ET injection and blood samples were withdrawn for analyses of 15‐ketodihydro‐PGF2α(PG metabolite), cortisol, white blood cells (WBC), Fe, Zn and Ca. Clinical examinations were performed throughout the trial. In the S + ET trial, ET injection elicited a rapid increase of the PG metabolite, a prolonged cortisol release and reduced levels of WBC, Fe, Zn and Ca. General appearance and body temperature were affected. In the M + ET trial the PG release was totally abolished, the cortisol release was reduced and the clinical effect was milder, also effects on Fe, Zn and Ca were milder in the M + ET trial, but M did not prevent the pyrogenic effect of ET. In the next two trials, we injected PGF2α(500 ng/kg i.v.) with and without M pre‐treatment. After PGF2αinjection, plasma samples were collected for measurement of the PG metabolite. M had no effect on PGF2αmetabolism. In conclusion, M effectively suppresses several of the inflammatory reactions seen after ET injections and has no major influence on the PGF2αmetabolism.
In Vitro Development of Bovine Embryos Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate
Authors: YÁNIZ J. L. , SANTOLARIA P. , LÓPEZ‐GATIUS F. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryThe objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro development of bovine embryos encapsulated in alginate. Day‐4 embryos produced in vitro (n = 110) were encapsulated with 1.5% sodium alginate and co‐cultured with oviduct cells. Unencapsulated embryos (n = 106) were used as controls. In vitro development rate to the blastocyst stage at Day 7 was similar between encapsulated, 42.7%, (47/110) and control, 34% (36/106), embryos. Although encapsulated embryos were able to hatch on Day 9, they did so in a lower proportion than controls (P < 0.05). In conclusion, alginate encapsulation of bovine embryos does not disturb the in vitro development up to the blastocyst stage but significantly reduces the hatching process.
Congenital Thymic Aplasia in a Holstein‐Israeli female Calf
Authors: Yeruham I. , Orgad U. , Avidar Y. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryAn unusual case of congenital thymic aplasia in a Holstein‐Israeli female calf is described. The most prominent clinical findings were diarrhoea and weakness. At necropsy, the only significant pathological finding was the marked decrease in thymus size. Histologically, this organ was composed of loose connective tissue in which a few lymphocytes were scattered randomly.
A Survey of More Than 11 Years of Neurologic Diseases of Ruminants with Special Reference to Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) in Greece
Authors: Leontides S. , Psychas V. , Aargyroudis S. , Giannati‐stefanou A. , Paschaleri‐papadopoulou E. , Manousis T. , Sklaviadis T. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryThe first cases of scrapie were detected in Greece in a flock of sheep in October 1986. All the animals of the affected flock and all sheep in two flocks that were in contact were killed and buried. A systematic investigation of all available cases with signs indicating a neurological disease started in sheep and goats in late 1986, as well as in cattle in 1989. The investigation was based on clinical examination, necropsy or macroscopical examination of the brain and viscera, and histological examination of the brain in all animals except those with coenurosis. Histological examinations of specimens from the spinal cord and other tissues, and if considered necessary bacteriological, toxicological and serological examinations were also carried out. In October 1997, scrapie was diagnosed in sheep of a second flock (a mixed flock of sheep and goats), grazing in a pasture close to the place where scrapie was initially detected. All animals of the second flock were also killed and buried. Diagnosis in the first flock was based on clinical signs and histological lesions, and in the second immunoblotting was also used. Distinctive lesions of scrapie were found in the brain and/or the spinal cord of eight sheep with clinical signs from the two flocks. The lesions were revealed in the brain stem and/or in the cervical spinal cord, and tended to be symmetrical. In one sheep, severe lesions in the cortex of cerebral hemispheres and of the cerebellum were also found. In the brain of two sheep from the second flock the pathological isoform of PrP protein was detected. Despite the eradication scheme applied, scrapie in sheep reappeared after 11 years in a place close to where it occurred initially. This may indicate that the effectiveness of the eradication scheme implemented was not adequate and additional approaches may be needed.
Experimental Mixed Infection of Rabbits with Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: NAJDENSKI H. , VESSELINOVA A. 
Published: March 2003

Experimental mixed infection was reproduced in rabbits after per os infection with Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 0:3 cells. Four days later some of animals were re‐infected orally with Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b cells. A third group of healthy rabbits was also infected per os with Listeria monocytogenes. The infectious process was followed dynamically from days 1–28.The experimental animals were examined for clinical, paraclinical and morphological findings. Augmentation of body temperature and alveolar macrophage number, a decreased number of peritoneal macrophages, leucopenia as well as purulent meningoencephalitis, catarrhal pneumonia, lienitis, lymphadenitis and enteritis were detected after experimental mixed infection. Both types of macrophages demonstrated a weak bactericidal activity against Yersinia enterocolitica and a highly expressed killing effect against Listeria monocytogenes. Yersinia and Listeria cells were isolated from the viscera and brain. Both species of bacteria were established intracellularly in the macrophages by electron‐microscopic examination.The data received showed that mixed Yersinia enterocolitica 0:3 and Listeria monocytogenes 4b infection of rabbits runs with transitory hyperthermia as a generalized infection and is similar to the Listeria mono‐infection. The immunosuppressive effect induced by oral Yersinia enterocolitica infection of rabbits promotes the expression of listerious agents.
Doxycycline Toxicity in Calves in Two Feedlots
Authors: Yeruham I. , Perl S. , Sharony D. , Vishinisky Y. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryDoxycycline toxicity caused by a large overdose (10 times the therapeutic dosage) in two feedlots is described. The clinical symptoms occurred after 2–3 days and mortality 5 days after the onset of the medication which was added to the milk replacement.Mortality reached 25% (five calves) and 27% (seven calves) in herds A and B, respectively.Pathological and histological findings revealed pulmonary oedema, myocardial degeneration and necrosis. These findings confirm the cardiovascular toxicity, caused apparently by doxycycline administration to the calves, and indicate the potential side‐effects of this drug in cattle.
Scopulariopsis brevicaulis: a keratinophilic or a keratinolytic fungus?
Authors: Filipello Marchisio V. , Fusconi A. , Querio F. L. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryThe morphologic expression of human hair and nail invasionin vitrobyScopulariopsis brevicaulisisolates was studied by light microscopy on whole material and on semi‐thin sections, and also by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Only three isolates of the nine that were examined were keratinolytic, capable of both attacking keratinic substrates and demolishing their keratin. The process showed all the characteristic of enzymatic digestion and was in agreement with the biochemical and morphogenetic scheme proposed for other keratinolytic fungi during their invasion of human hairin vitro. All the active isolates were capable of developing structures related to surface erosion and radial penetration contemporaneously. However the extent and rate of keratinolysis were rather low when compared with the efficiency of other keratinolytic fungi. This finding suggests thatS. brevicaulisis of secondary importance in the mineralization of keratinic substrates in natural environments. From the medical standpoint the mere demonstration of keratinolytic activity means that it may be regarded as a real cause of primary infection.
Abundance, polymorphism and genetic mapping of microsatellites in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Uzunova M. I. , Ecke W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to estimate the abundance and degree of polymorphism of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in rapeseed. By screening about 45000 clones of a small inserts library of rapeseed total DNA the abundances of GA/TC and CA/TG simple sequence repeats in the rapeseed genome were estimated to be approximately one repeat every 100 kb and 400 kb, respectively. After sequencing 13 positive clones, primer pairs could be designed for 11 microsatellite loci. Seven of these primer pairs produced reproducible amplification products in a set of 31 rapeseed genotypes, with one pair amplifying two independent products, giving a total of eight amplified loci. The different microsatellite loci displayed between one and three visible alleles. At four loci, additional null alleles were observed. With up to four alleles, polymorphic microsatellite markers show significantly higher allele numbers in rapeseed than restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. Four of the eight microsatellite markers could be mapped on four different linkage groups of an RFLP map of the rapeseed genome.
AFLP fingerprinting in Medicago spp.: Its development and application in linkage mapping
Authors: Barcaccia G. , Albertini E. , Tavoletti S. , Falcinelli M. , Veronesi F. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractCultivated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., 2n= 4x= 32) is one of the most important forage crops in temperate climates. The genus Medicago includes diploid species that are a valuable source of wild germplasm for studying the reproductive system of alfalfa and its abnormalities. A linkage map of an apomeiotic mutant of Medicago falcata (L.) Arcang. (2n= 2x= 16) that spanned 368.6 cM and included 29 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), 35 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and three restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci was constructed using a one‐way pseudo‐testcross mapping strategy. The success of such a strategy depends on the presence of sufficiently high levels of heterozygosity in the individual plant which is being mapped and on the informativeness of the marker system that is used. In general: (1) highly informative and reproducible RAPD and AFLP fingerprints were generated and several genome‐specific primers selected; (2) of 67 marker loci mapped, 51 were arranged in 11 main linkage groups and eight additional couples of linked marker loci were detected; (3) mapping of an F1 population theoretically allowed a better estimation of linkage distances since it avoided segregation distortion (x2 analyses revealed segregation distortion in only 5.2% of marker loci); (4) the high frequency of unlinked marker loci obtained suggests that, in this alfalfa genotype, DNA markers are distributed throughout the genome. This type of genetic map should find application and prove useful in marker‐assisted selection and map‐based breeding programmes in meiotic mutants of alfalfa for which there is a lack of suitable genetic markers.
Resistance to powdery mildew in selections from Tunisian landraces of barley
Authors: Czembor J. H. , Johnston M. R. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwo‐hundred and thirty‐two accessions of barley landraces collected from Tunisia were screened for resistance to powdery mildew. A number of race‐specific genes were detected using the detached leaf technique. Among the 232 accessions tested, 169 were susceptible to powdery mildew, 20 were resistant and 43 showed differential reactions to the three isolates of powdery mildew used. An attempt was made to determine the number of genes, the types of gene, the types of gene action and the gene loci in 20 resistant accessions. Three types of cross were made: (1) the accessions were crossed to the susceptible variety ‘Pallas’, (2) the accessions were crossed with ‘Pallas’ isolines, and (2) accessions with identical powdery mildew reaction patterns were intercrossed. Three isolates of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei were used: Bzm‐1, KM 18‐75, R13C. A number of different resistance genes were detected among the 19 resistant accessions. Surprisingly, segregation indicating single genes only were detected with the isolates used. Some of these genes could be associated with loci already known. In 19 cases a dominant and in one a recessive mode of inheritance was detected. The recessive gene was not located at the mlo locus. This investigation represents the first systematic study of race‐specific genes for powdery mildew resistance in Tunisian landraces. The newly identified sources of resistance may be used in many strategies of breeding for disease resistance.
Effects of preharvest sprouting on the genetic structure of durum wheat ‘landraces’
Authors: Masi P. , Spagnoletti Zeuli P. L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPreharvest sprouting that occurs in wheat might affect seed viability and cause genetic erosion during periodical rejuvenation of durum wheat accessions in a gene bank. Two durum wheat landraces (MG 7713 and MG 7805) that had been rejuvenated for several years and did show a high percentage of presprouted seeds in the lot from the fourth rejuvenation cycle were identified. The frequency of durum and bread wheat genotypes and the distribution of the two species in three seed classes (ungerminated seeds, seeds with swollen embryo and germinated seeds) were studied. The modified phenol test was used to identify durum and bread wheat seeds and the genotypic frequencies within each species were assessed on the basis of acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic patterns of gliadin storage proteins. In these two landraces, durum wheat was more susceptible to preharvest sprouting than bread wheat and the frequency of bread wheat seeds significantly increased over the three rejuvenation cycles examined. Despite this, preharvest sprouting did not cause significant changes in the genotypic frequencies observed within species or loss of some genotypes that could not be attributed to susceptibility to sprouting.
Heterogeneity of random amplified polymorphic DNA sequences in individual seedlings and bulked samples of four cultivars of Brassica napus
Authors: Mailer R. J. , May C. E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractUsing four different random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, a qualitative and quantitative assessment was made of the level of DNA sequence heterogeneity present in the seedlings of four representative Australian rapeseed cultivars. It was found that, depending upon the primer/cultivar combination, the seedlings diverged from total homogeneity to almost complete heterogeneity. The increase or decrease of sample‐specific RAPD sequences was evaluated in proportional mixtures of DNA from individual seedlings. These results were then compared with those obtained from bulked DNA samples containing DNA from all the seedlings of a cultivar. From these comparisons, it was found that for a specific RAPD to be detectable in a bulked sample, the particular polymorphism had to be present in at least 15% of the individual seedlings. Even so, the bulked samples produced cultivar‐specific RAPD banding patterns with all four primers, showing that any of these primers could be used to identify the different rapeseed cultivars. In contrast to the cultivars ‘Oscar’, ‘Dunkeld’ and ‘Narendra’, the cultivar ‘Rainbow’ was found to be highly heterogeneous—as shown by a diversity of RAPD combinations rather than the presence of differing length RAPDs—and it is suggested that this heterogeneity may be related to the improved tolerance of this cultivar to blackleg infection.
Inheritance of grain filling duration in spring wheat
Authors: Przulj N. , Mladenov N. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe genetic basis of grain‐filling duration (GFD, days from anthesis to maturity) in six spring wheat hybrids involving nine varieties (‘Son‐alika’/‘Bobwhite’, ‘Sonalika’/‘Glennson 70’, ‘Lelija’/‘Bobwhite’, ‘Lelija’/‘Mitacore’, ‘Buckbuck’/‘Dugoklasa’, and ‘Vesna’/‘Raduśa’) and their F1, F2, BC1, and BC2 generations was studied in the field near Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. Parental means differed in four of the six crosses. Generation mean analyses of genetic effects indicated that an additive‐dominance model was sufficient for only two crosses: Lel/Bow and Lel/Mco. One or more types of epistasis were significant in the remaining crosses. The F1 and F2 means were either intermediate, closer to the mean of the parent with the longer GFD, or closer to the mean of the Parent with the shorter GFD. Even though different modes of gene action controlled GFD among the six crosses, the heritabilities were reasonably high (narrow sense, 39‐59) range for six crosses), indicating that progress could be made from selection in these crosses for either long or short GFD. The parents were selected to have a range in days from planting to anthesis and to maturity. The relationship between dates of anthesis or maturity and GFD was not consistent, but the two latest‐maturing varieties had the longest GFD, indicating that anthesis or maturity dates are not a good criteria for choosing parents for modifying GFD. Additive genetic effects predominated in the crosses studied here, but epistasis involving dominance gene action was sufficiently important. To eliminate confounding epistatic dominance effects and to take advantage of favourable additive × additive effects during selection for GFD, a breeding strategy involving rapid approach to homozygosity followed by selection after the achievement of homozygosity was suggested.
Heritability of oil content and the onset of flowering in a population of Dimorphotheca pluvialis
Authors: Hof L. , Nieboer I. G. , Dolstra O. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTo develop efficient breeding strategies for the improvement of oil content and onset of flowering in Dimorphotheca pluvialis, narrow‐sense heritabilities of these characters were estimated. Forty plant progenies were tested in 2 years and heritabilities were estimated from parent‐offspring regression as well as from half‐sib family variance components analyses. For oil content, the heritabilities estimated by means of parent‐offspring regression were 0.36 and 0.33 for 1993 and 1994, respectively. The heritabilities obtained from the variance components analyses were 0.41 and 0.23 for the two years. Heritability estimates for onset of flowering showed more variation. From parent‐offspring regression, the heritabilities were 0.72 and 0.37, and from variance component analysis the estimates were 0.53 and 0.19 for 1993 and 1994, respectively. The obtained heritability values and realized responses suggest that particularly in early selection generations, even with mass selection, considerable progress can be expected. Since correlation studies revealed neither phenotypic nor genotypic correlation between oil content and onset of flowering, selection for both characters can be undertaken independently.
The use of low molecular weight glutenin subunits to distinguish between wheat cultivars with and without resistance to the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia
Authors: Labuschagne M. , Maartens H. , Weber W. E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA number of resistance sources for the Russian wheat aphid have been reported in the last few years and were used to develop resistant cultivars from current commercial cultivars in various breeding programmes. It can be diffcult to distinguish between the cultivars with and without resistance without actual infestation and so in this study we looked at low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW‐GS) of the two groups. Distinctly different banding patterns were found for the cultivars tested and their isogenic counterparts. Although the LMW‐GS and DN1 and DN5 are coded on different chromosomes, the LMW‐GS are highly repeatable and banding profiles of each cultivar can be used for the identification of unknown seed.
Novel complementary genes for adult plant leaf rust resistance in a wheat stock carrying the 1BL‐1RS translocation
Authors: Sawhney R. N. , Sharma J. B. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe wheat‐rye translocation (IBL‐IRS) that carries the tightly linked genes Lr26/Sr31/Yr9, has been widely exploited in the development of wheat cultivars worldwide. This resistance, however, has become ineffective owing to the evolution of new pathotypes of Puccinia recondita that neutralize the resistance of Lr26. Inheritance studies on ‘Federation4′/‘Kavkaz’ revealed complementary genes derived separately from ‘Federation’ and ‘Kavkaz’ for adult plant resistance. This previously undescribed source of resistance appears to be widely effective and could therefore be used to broaden the genetic base for resistance in India. Its effectiveness in other geographical areas is unknown.
Chromosomal localization of five mutant genes in rice, Oryza sativa, using primary trisomics
Authors: Sanchez A. C. , Khush G. S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe chromosomal locations of five mutant genes in rice were determined by crossing the marker stocks with the 12 primary trisomics. Genetic segregation of each gene was studied in the F2 or backcross populations. Out of the 60 possible cross combinations, 43 F2 or BC1 populations were studied. Segregation data indicated that spl11 was located on chromosome 12 while wp2 and eg2(t) were located on chromosome 6. The genes v12(t) and Bc6 were located on chromosomes 8 and 9, respectively, which are sparsely populated with genetic markers.
Mapping of powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance genes on the wheat‐rye translocated chromosome T1BL·1RS using molecular and biochemical markers
Authors: Hsam S. L. K. , Mohler V. , Hartl L. , Wenzel G. , Zeller F. J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPowdery mildew and leaf rust resistance genes on the 1RS arm of the T1BL·1RS translocated chromosome were mapped in relation to the Sec‐1 locus and AFLP and restriction fragment length polymorphism markers, respectively, employing segregating F3 populations. Integration of molecular markers indicated that Pm17 lies between the Lr26 and Sec‐1 loci, with both resistance genes allocated distally to the Sec‐1 locus in the satellite of the 1RS arm.