bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exogenous LEA proteins expression enhances cold tolerance in mammalian cells by reducing oxidative stress
Authors: Lo Sterzo Martina , Iuso Domenico , Palazzese Luca , Moncada Margherita , Boffa Francesca , Scudieri Aurora , Gioia Luisa , Czernik Marta , Loi Pasqualino 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that confer cold resistance in mammalian cells might be relevant for advancing medical applications. This study aimed to exploit the protective function of Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins, known to provide resistance to low temperatures in extremophiles and plants, by their exogenous expression in mammalian cells, and compare their effects with the well characterized antioxidant, vitamin E.
Remarkably, the expression of LEA proteins in mammalian cells exerted cold-protective effect similar to Vitamin E. LEA proteins preserved cell viability during cold stress and ensured a normal metabolic activity after warming. Their protective action was due to the mitigation of cold-induced mitochondrial stress and the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading in turn to enhanced cytoskeleton stability and decreased DNA damage. Our studies showed that plant-derived LEA proteins exhibit remarkable cold protection effects in mammalian cells through their potent antioxidant properties, which was found comparable to Vitamin E.
Temperature dependence of liverwort diversification reveals a cool origin and hot hotspots
Authors: Maul Karola , Gradstein S. Robbert , Quandt Dietmar , Kessler Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The evolutionary history underlying gradients in species richness is still subject to discussions and understanding the past niche evolution might be crucial in estimating the potential of taxa to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In this study we intend to contribute to elucidation of the evolutionary history of liverwort species richness distributions along elevational gradients at a global scale. For this purpose, we linked a comprehensive data set of genus occurrences on mountains worldwide with a time-calibrated phylogeny of liverworts and estimated mean diversification rates (DivElev) and mean ages (AgeElev) of the respective genera per elevational band. In addition, we reconstructed the ancestral temperature preferences of the genera. We found that diversification rates increase linearly with temperature, and hence decrease with elevation. This pattern is mainly driven by epiphytic genera. In contrast, overall genus age is highest at intermediate elevations where liverwort species richness peaks and decreases towards both ends of the elevational and thermal gradient. Our results further indicate that the ancestral lineages from which the extant liverwort genera descended had a preference for cool and humid habitats. We conclude that the extant liverwort species diversity accumulated over long time under these climatic conditions, which are today prevailing at mid-elevations of the world’s mountains. Subsequently, liverworts expanded their ranges from these temperate areas towards warm (with high diversification rates) and cold regions (with low diversification rates), located in contemporaneous (tropical) lowlands and high mountains, respectively. The conserved preference for temperate climates shared by the majority of liverwort lineages gives reason to the assumption that they will not be able to cope with the conditions induced by rapid climate warming, whereas the current low-elevation radiation may be less affected by climate change.
High prediction skill of decadal tropical cyclone variability in the North Atlantic and East Pacific in the met office decadal prediction system DePreSys4
Authors: Monerie Paul-Arthur , Feng Xiangbo , Hodges Kevin , Toumi Ralf 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The UK Met Office decadal prediction system DePreSys4 shows skill in predicting the number of tropical cyclones (TCs) and TC track density over the eastern Pacific and tropical Atlantic Ocean on the decadal timescale (up to ACC = 0.93 and ACC = 0.83, respectively, as measured by the anomaly correlation coefficient—ACC). The high skill in predicting the number of TCs is related to the simulation of the externally forced response, with internal climate variability also allowing the improvement in prediction skill. The Skill is due to the model’s ability to predict the temporal evolution of surface temperature and vertical wind shear over the eastern Pacific and tropical Atlantic Ocean. We apply a signal-to-noise calibration framework and show that DePreSys4 predicts an increase in the number of TCs over the eastern Pacific and the tropical Atlantic Ocean in the next decade (2023–2030), potentially leading to high economic losses.
A systematic review of passive data for remote monitoring in psychosis and schizophrenia
Authors: Bladon Siân , Eisner Emily , Bucci Sandra , Oluwatayo Anuoluwapo , Martin Glen P. , Sperrin Matthew , Ainsworth John , Faulkner Sophie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There is increasing use of digital tools to monitor people with psychosis and schizophrenia remotely, but using this type of data is challenging. This systematic review aimed to summarise how studies processed and analysed data collected through digital devices. In total, 203 articles collecting passive data through smartphones or wearable devices, from participants with psychosis or schizophrenia were included in the review. Accelerometers were the most common device (n = 115 studies), followed by smartphones (n = 46). The most commonly derived features were sleep duration (n = 50) and time spent sedentary (n = 41). Thirty studies assessed data quality and another 69 applied data quantity thresholds. Mixed effects models were used in 21 studies and time-series and machine-learning methods were used in 18 studies. Reporting of methods to process and analyse data was inconsistent, highlighting a need to improve the standardisation of methods and reporting in this area of research.
A plasma-triggered N–Co–O–Fe motif in Co(OH)2 for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Yang Qian , Li Yaao , Wu Yaoxin , Li Yuxiang , Yang Chenxia , Ban Lili , Zhao Yunxia , Dai Bin , Wang Gang , Li Yongsheng , Zhang Jinli , Wang Zongyuan , Pang Huan , Yu Feng 
Published: January 2025

A plasma discharge method in water was proposed to synthesize Fe,N–Co(OH)x. Fe/N co-doping formed N–Co–O–Fe molecules which accelerated electron redistribution, facilitating high-valent Co(iv) formation and lattice oxygen activation.
Hybrid simulation method for agglomerate evolution in driven granular gases
Authors: Führer F. , Schwaak J. , Brendel L. , Wurm G. , Wolf D. E. 
Published: January 2025

Aims. We present a new hybrid simulation method for protoplanetary dust evolution that is efficient and takes into account the complex fragmentation and agglomeration dynamics. We applied it to simulate the evolution of agglomerate size distributions for turbulent, charged systems.
Methods. The hybrid method combines kinetic Monte Carlo and discrete element simulations in such a way that the expensive latter is only deployed when two agglomerates collide. This method can easily be extended to include additional driving mechanisms, interactions, and the effects of inhomogeneities.
Results. Our simulations reveal an emerging steady state in the size distribution. Due to the efficiency of our method, we are able to extend previous results with improved statistics for the size distribution of large agglomerates; in addition to the previously reported power law, we find a regime with an exponential decay.
The ESO SupJup Survey
Authors: Mulder W. , de Regt S. , Landman R. , Picos D. González , Snellen I. A. G. , Zhang Y. , Gandhi S. , Ginski C. , Kesseli A. Y. , Nasedkin E. , Stolker T. 
Published: January 2025

Context. Recent research suggests that the distinct formation processes of exoplanets and brown dwarfs may have an influence on the chemical and isotopic composition of their atmospheres. Variations in the carbon 12C/13C isotope ratio have been observed and tentatively linked to the top-down formation of brown dwarfs and the core accretion pathway of super-Jupiters. The ESO SupJup Survey, conducted with CRIRES+ on the Very Large Telescope, aims to characterise the atmospheres of young brown dwarfs and super-Jupiters, specifically by investigating the 12C/13C ratio as a tracer of their formation pathways.
Aims. We present the atmospheric characterisation of three isolated L-type brown dwarfs (2MASS J08354256-0819237, 2MASS J05012406-0010452, and 2MASS J05002100+0330501) included in the ESO SupJup Survey. We aim to constrain the C/O and 12C/13C ratios, and investigate whether the oxygen 16O/18O isotope ratio can be probed.
Methods. We analysed the CRIRES+ K-band spectra of the three targets using our atmospheric retrieval framework. This framework couples the radiative transfer code petitRADTRANS with the sampling algorithm MultiNest.
Results. We report 12C/13C ratios of 89−11+11 and 117−17+20 for J0835 and J0500 with strong 13CO significance (>6.5σ) and a tentative (3σ) detection of 13CO for J0501, resulting in a carbon isotope ratio of 155−53+56. Only a weak detection of the H218O isotope was found in J0835. The C/O ratios are found to be in the range 0.65 to 0.71 for the three targets, and all exhibit strong detections of HF.
Conclusions. The 12C/13C ratios appear to be higher than that of the interstellar medium.
Navigation versus Robotik in der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie – Pro Navigation
Authors: Richter Marcus 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser Arbeit ist es die Vorteile der spinalen Navigation bei der Platzierung von Implantaten darzulegen verglichen mit der konventionellen Technik, aber insbesondere auch im Vergleich zur robotischen Technik.Der Einsatz der spinalen Navigation bei Instrumentierungen der Wirbelsäule und des Beckens führt zu einer signifikant geringeren Rate von Schraubenfehllagen, zu einer verbesserten Dimensionierung von Implantaten und zu einer signifikant reduzierten Komplikations- und Revisionsrate.Weiterhin wird durch den Einsatz der spinalen Navigation die Strahlenbelastung für das an der OP beteiligte Personal signifikant reduziert.Diese Vorteile sind in vielen wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten publiziert.Die Verwendung der spinalen Navigation erhöht durch die Anschaffungs- und Wartungskosten, sowie Kosten für notwendige Einmalartikel die Kosten einer Operation.Trotz der wissenschaftlich nachgewiesenen Vorteile der spinalen Navigation in der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie wird diese weltweit und auch in Deutschland nicht flächendeckend eingesetzt. Aktuell werden in Deutschland nur ca 1/3 aller Pedikelschrauben mit spinaler Navigation implantiert, obwohl die spinale Navigation für den klinischen Einsatz seit 25 Jahren verfügbar ist und klinisch eingesetzt wird.Eine deutlich weitere Verbreitung ist in Anbetracht der unbestrittenen Vorteile aus medizinischer Sicht unbedingt wünschenswert.Die seit einigen Jahren verfügbare Robotik ist mittlerweile auch für die Wirbelsäulenchirurgie verfügbar. Sie bietet die gleichen Vorteile wie die spinale Navigation bei jedoch deutlich höheren Anschaffungs- und Unterhaltskosten. Ein signifikanter Vorteil gegenüber der spinalen Navigation für das Platzieren von Implantaten in Hinblick auf Präzision und Effizienz ist bei den aktuell kommerziel verfügbaren Systemen nicht ersichtlich.Geht man von einem insgesamt gedeckelten Budget aus so wäre aus medizinischer Sicht eine flächendeckendere Verwendung der spinalen Navigation wesentlich effektiver für die Verbesserung der Ergebnisqualität und Patientensicherheit als der zunehmende sehr teure Einsatz der Robotik.
Anemia and Prognosis in Patients with Acute Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Hofmann Elena , Stalder Odile , Méan Marie , Rodondi Nicolas , Tritschler Tobias , Righini Marc , Aujesky Drahomir 
Published: January 2025

Background Studies found an association between anemia and overall mortality and major bleeding (MB) in patients with acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), but whether anemia is causally related to death, bleeding, or recurrent VTE is uncertain.
Objectives To explore the association between anemia at baseline and short-/long-term clinical outcomes in a prospective cohort of 928 patients with acute VTE.
Methods We defined anemia as a hemoglobin <13 g/dL for men/< 12 g/dL for women. The primary outcome was overall mortality, secondary outcomes were MB and recurrent VTE at 3 months (short term) and over the entire follow-up (long term). An independent committee determined the cause of death. We examined the association between anemia and clinical outcomes using multivariable regression, adjusting for confounders, periods of anticoagulation, and the competing risk of death if appropriate.
Results Overall, 42% of patients had anemia. After a median follow-up of 30 months, 21.4% died, 13.8% experienced MB, and 12.4% had recurrent VTE. Anemia was associated with long-term overall mortality (adjusted HR 1.46, 95%CI 1.06–2.02) but not with short-term mortality, MB, or recurrent VTE. Per 1 g/dL increase in hemoglobin, long-term mortality risk decreased by 8%. Anemic patients were more likely to die from left ventricular failure than non-anemic patients (9.8% versus 1.3%).
Conclusion Anemic patients with VTE carried a higher long-term mortality risk than those without anemia, possibly due to an excess in mortality from left ventricular failure. The lack of an independent relationship between anemia and bleeding indicated that anemia might have confounding rather than causal effects.
Selective Pyridine-Directed C–H Activation Enabled Synthesis of Pyridine-pyridone α-Helix Mimics
Authors: Xiao Dong , Song Zhiguo J. , Song Zhiyan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe exploration of pyridine-directed C–H activation in 2-benzyl-6-phenylpyridine revealed selective bromination at the ortho-phenyl position via Rh catalysis, rather than the ortho-benzyl position. In contrast, the corresponding alkylation was unsuccessful, suggesting a preference for the Rh(III) pathway to minimize steric congestion from pyridine disubstitution. This mechanistic insight facilitated the development of a room-temperature C–H activation–bromination method, enabling the synthesis of a pyridine-pyridone α-helix mimic.
On-chip power efficient MHz to GHz tunable Brillouin microwave photonic filters
Authors: Parihar Reena , Lai Choon Kong , Zhang Ziqian , Choi Duk-Yong , Madden Stephen J. , Eggleton Benjamin J. , Choudhary Amol , Merklein Moritz 
Published: January 2025

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) offers optically tunable, narrowband gain and loss resonances, which makes it ideal for optical filtering and signal processing applications. However, broadband filters utilizing Brillouin scattering typically necessitate multiple pump sources or linear frequency modulated waveforms, which necessitate the use of overall high pump powers to achieve broadband and multi-band filter configurations. To overcome the trade-off between bandwidth and power consumption, we introduce an on-chip broadband bandpass filter scheme leveraging the SBS response and the concept of radio frequency interference. We present the MHz to GHz reconfigurable microwave photonic filters on a chip. The bandwidth is tunable from 30 MHz to 1.2 GHz at a total pump power of only 15 dBm, corresponding to a figure of merit (maximum bandwidth/pump power) improvement of a factor of 25 compared to previously reported work. Furthermore, the filter exhibits frequency tuning capabilities ranging from 10 to 40 GHz (X to Ka-band) and can be configured from single- to multi-bandpass filter responses and switched from bandpass to bandstop.
Complex D(2, 1; ζ) and spin chain solutions from Chern-Simons theory
Authors: Saidi El Hassan 
Published: January 2025

Using properties of OSp(4|2) and PSL(2|2), we investigate the super geometry of the parametric D(2, 1; ζ) labeled by variable ζ belonging to C\{−1,0} and we give applications in the study of integrable superspin chains. This 9|8 dimensional Lie supergroup has three orthogonal isospins in its even part SL(2,C)⊗3 assembled by the tri-fundamental 2⊗3 with odd parity. It undergoes contractions at ζ = −1, 0 where an SL(2,C) gets decompactified into commutative C3 interpreted in terms of three central extensions. By help of the obtained characteristic features of D(2, 1; ζ) and their local structures at the special points ζ = ±1, we calculate the Lax operator Ld(2,1;ζ)(η) solving the RLL equation describing the integrability of the superspin chain d(2, 1; ζ). We also complete missing results regarding the calculation of Lpsl(2|2)(μ) and Losp(4|2)(μ). Other features of the four super Dynkin diagrams SDDd(2,1;ζ)(η) and weight graphs of d(2, 1; ζ) as well as discrete automorphisms are also given.
Reducing one third the dose of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone did not affect the in vivo embryo production in Santa Inês ewes
Authors: Ribeiro A. C. S. , Santos J. D. R. , Guerrero-Gutiérrez M. M. , Cunha C. C. C. , Silva S. R. , Balaro M. F. A. , Batista R. I. T. P. , Souza-Fabjan J. M. G. , Fonseca J. F. , Ungerfeld R. , Brandão F. Z. 
Published: January 2025

Context Superovulation is still a main limitation of multiple ovulation and embryo transfer programs because of its high cost and the variability in the responses to the hormonal protocols used. Aims This study aimed to compare the effect of two doses of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (pFSH) on follicular growth, superovulatory response, and in vivo embryo production of Santa Inês ewes. Methods A total of 40 multiparous ewes received a Day 0 estrus synchronization protocol and were superovulated with either 333 IU (G333, n = 20) or 500 IU (G500, n = 20) of pFSH. Ultrasonographic evaluations of ovaries were performed every 12 h, from the first pFSH dose until 60 h after the last dose. Ewes were naturally mated and submitted to non-surgical embryo recovery. A subsample of viable blastocysts (G333: n = 10; G500: n = 8) was stained with Nile Red to quantify lipid droplets. Key results The number of small, medium, and large follicles, and the size of the largest follicle, varied over time (P < 0.0001), even though there was no difference between the treatments. The pFSH dose also did not affect estrous behavior rate (95% vs 100%), superovulatory response (75% vs 70%), recovery rate (52.4% vs 56.4%), viability rate (73.8% vs 62.3%), recovered structures (5.9 vs 5.3), viable embryos (4.9 vs 3.7), and lipid accumulation in embryos (132.9 vs 129.4 arbitrary fluorescence units), for G333 and G500 respectively. Four ewes (10%) had premature luteal regression. It should be noted that all viable embryos recovered were Grade 1 or 2, that is, freezable embryos. Conclusions In conclusion, 333 IU of pFSH is enough to reach a similar superovulatory response as obtained from 500 IU of pFSH in Santa Inês ewes. Implications The use of lower doses of pFSH could reduce costs per embryo produced.
Advanced charge control dynamics simulation for the LISA gravitational reference sensor
Authors: Kenyon Samantha Parry , Apple Stephen , Siu John , Wass Peter J , Conklin John W 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A gravitational wave detector in space, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be able to detect gravitational waves in the frequency range of 0.1 mHz–1 Hz, adding to humanity’s knowledge of the dark cosmos. The LISA gravitational reference sensor contains a test mass (TM) and is used to determine the local inertial reference frame and as endpoints for the interferometry. The TM is surrounded by an electrode housing to detect changes in TM position and orientation, which is fed back to the spacecraft thrusters for drag-free control. As seen on LISA Pathfinder, the TM builds up charge over time from the space environment and needs to be discharged in order to keep the resulting force noise as low as possible. The operation of intelligently discharging the TM is known as charge control, and is one area of improvement to be explored for LISA. To explore new methods of TM discharge, UV LEDs will be pulsed synchronized with an existing 100 kHz high frequency electric field to facilitate photoelectron current direction and to achieve lower UV light powers by duty cycling. This paper addresses new pulsed methods for the LISA Charge Management System, which require in-depth modeling, analysis, and testing because space environment validation will not be possible prior to LISA launch. Therefore, it is necessary to model the dynamics of charge movement to determine the force noise contribution of pulsed continuous charge control. The charge dynamics model is described, and simulation results featured for charge control efficacy in a deep space radiation environment. Experimental testing of the simulation results could be done in the University of Florida Torsion Pendulum, a key technology to testing GRS performance in a space-like environment.
Toroidal current eigenmodes in the vacuum vessel of an elliptical cross-section tokamak
Authors: Chukashev N V 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The currents induced in a tokamak resistive wall during fast transients play a significant role in plasma dynamics, which makes their modelling a mandatory part of the equilibrium problem. In numerical models with axisymmetric walls, the wall is usually divided into a vast number of filaments (sometimes several hundred), in each of which the corresponding circuit equation is solved. It is clear that such a treatment is not suitable for analytical calculations. At the same time, it was established (Portone 2005 Nucl. Fusion
45 926) that only three periodic functions of the poloidal angle, or so-called vessel modes, are sufficient to accurately describe the ITER vacuum vessel response to plasma vertical motion. In our paper, we address the problem of eddy current eigenmode derivation analytically, beginning from Maxwell’s equations complemented with Ohm’s law for a resistive wall. The result is an explicit form of eddy current eigenmodes in a toroidal shell with an elliptical cross section and their resistive decay times as functions of the wall elongation.
Studying critical parameters of superconductor via diamond quantum sensors
Authors: On Ho Kin , Kuen Leung Wai , Yung Pang Yiu , Yau Yip King , Xie Jianyu , Man Liu Yi , Sofia Rotelli Aliki , Yin Leung Man , Yin Chow Ho , To Lai Kwing , Denisenko Andrej , Keimer B , Wrachtrup Jörg , Yang Sen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Critical parameters are the key to superconductivity research, and reliable instrumentations can facilitate the study. Traditionally, one has to use several different measurement techniques to measure critical parameters separately. In this work, we develop the use of a single species of quantum sensor to determine and estimate several critical parameters with the help of independent simulation data. We utilize the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in the diamond, which recently emerged as a promising candidate for probing exotic features in condensed matter physics. The non-invasive and highly stable nature provides extraordinary opportunities to solve scientific problems in various systems. Using a high-quality single-crystalline YBa2Cu4O8 (YBCO) as a platform, we demonstrate the use of diamond particles and a bulk diamond to probe the Meissner effect. The evolution of the vector magnetic field, the H − T phase diagram, and the map of fluorescence contour are studied via NV sensing. Our results reveal different critical parameters, including lower critical field

H

c
1

, upper critical field

H

c
2

, and critical current density j

c
, as well as verifying the unconventional nature of this high-temperature superconductor YBCO. Therefore, NV-based quantum sensing techniques have huge potential in condensed matter research.