bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kombinierter Einsatz von synthetischen Insektiziden und Bacillus thuringiensis sowie Trichogramma evanescens gegen ausgewa¨hlte Scha¨dlinge an Vigna sesquipedalis unter tropischen Tieflandbedingungen
Authors: Ulrichs Ch. , Mewis I. , Schnitzler W. H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractField experiments with the synthetic insecticides, Methomyl and Carbaryl, alone and in combination with the biological control agents, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Trichogramma evanescens, were conducted to control pests in yardlong beans, Vigna sesquipedalis, during the dry season 1998/1999. The experimental area was located at the Central Luzon State University in the province of Nueva Ecija on the Philippine main island Luzon. Carbaryl was applied against bean flies 5 days after plant emergence. Methomyl was sprayed against pod sucking insects and the bean podborer, Maruca vitrata, 45 days after plant emergence. The biological control agents were applied with the beginning of the flowering stage of V. sesquipedalis, when plants were first attacked by M. vitrata.Major insect pests on V. sesquipedalis were cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora), leafminer (Liriomyza sp.), and bean podborer (M. vitrata). Both, Bt and T. evanescens had no significant impact on yield. M. vitrata eggs, exposed for 48 hours in the fields to augmented T. evanescens, were used to measure field efficacy of the parasitoid. Highest parasitism rate was 13.3 %, thus, generally low.Highest yield was obtained from plots treated with both synthetic insecticides. No significant difference in fresh pod yield was observed when, in addition to the synthetic insecticides, Bt and/or T. evanescens was applied. However, all treatments significantly out‐yielded the untreated control.
Survival and food choice of the grey field slug (Deroceras reticulatum) on three different seed types under laboratory conditions
Authors: Gebauer J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn Ireland, the grey field slug (Deroceras reticulatum) is the predominant slug pest species in arable crops. It can cause enormous damage, but the knowledge about its feeding biology is limited. Adult species were reared under laboratory conditions, and the survival, feeding activity, and weight change of slugs when feed on maize, peas, or wheat seeds were investigated. An especially high mortality was experienced in the wheat treatment. It was hypothesised that the high mortality was due to a Fusarium species, however, a Fusarium infection of the wheat seeds was not confirmed. The weight change of the slugs was very variable due to a high egg production of some slugs. A second experiment examined the food choice and feeding activity of D. reticulatum when offered a choice of the three seed types. Most of the slugs preferred to feed on a mixture of seeds, but the highest feeding activity was recorded on the pea seeds.
Studies on insects and mites causing galls on the leaves of common ash Fraxinus excelsior L. in the Ojców National Park in Poland
Authors: Skrzypczyńska Małgorzata 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe occurrence frequency of galls caused by insects and mites on the leaves of Fraxinus excelsior L. was investigated, based on leaf samples collected in the Ojców National Park in 2000 – 2001. The species composition of galls was identical in two consecutive years. Galls were caused by 5 species a total of 2881 galls. The most numerous species was Dasineura fraxinea (Kieffer) in both years. Index of occurrence frequency and Agrell's index of species co‐existence have been calculated. This index reached the highest values in case of Dasineura fraxinea and Vasates fraxini (Nalepa) in 2000 as well as D. fraxinea and Psyllopsis fraxini (L.) in 2001.
Hausrattennachweise (Rattus rattus L.) in bewohnten Wohnh?usern in Magdeburg
Authors: Mielke U. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractStorehouses and mills in the Magdeburg region are known to be infested with black (ore house) rats. In residential buildings, however, house rats (Rattus rattus L.) have not been detected for at least 20 years. Therefore, it was of much interest for the expert to note that this rat species had been seen in two occupied residential buildings (a refurbished old building and a terraced house). It has been suspected for a longer time that black rats can be found in certain residential buildings in towns or even cities.
Increase of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdj.) in hot and dry weather (2000) (Hom., Aphididae)
Authors: Starý P. , Lukášová Hana 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwo hot and dry weather periods during mid‐spring and early summer caused severe drought‐stress to barley groves in many districts of the Czech Republic in 2000. Although not generally taken into consideration as an injury‐increasing factor, the Russian wheat aphid (= RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Kurdj.), was discovered to contribute significantly to injury in the ripening stage of spring barley as well as to the substantial decrease of yield (up to 30 – 40 % of the calculated mean, in some districts). RWA increased considerably not only in the lowland banker areas but also in the higher altitudes, values in the latter case then manifesting those found in the lowland banker areas in the previous years.
Phenology, damage and parasitoids of the apple leaf cutter Coenorhinus pauxillus (Germ.) (Col.: Attelabidae)
Authors: Blommers Leo H. M. , Vaal Fredy W. N. M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn outbreak on apple permitted a closer look at Coenorhinus pauxillus (Germar) (Col.: Attelabidae). The adult weevils emerge from mid‐March onwards and attack the first unfolding leaves. Infested leaves drop when the larvae are in the 1st or 2nd instar, and it takes a further 4 weeks before the larvae are ready to pupate. Rearing of field‐collected eggs and larvae is described. Leaf decomposition is an essential condition for pupation, as the fully‐grown larvae do not leave their mine actively. Part of the population pupates more or less immediately and produces adult weevils in autumn. However, up to 70 % of the weevils remain in prolonged diapause; their pupation does not take place before the summer of the following year. Damage by the weevil involves not only the loss of leaves of flower clusters and shoots, but also feeding damage to young fruits. Two parasitoids were found. Observations indicate that 3 – 4 subsequently more abundant generations of Anaphes brachygaster Debauche (Hym.: Mymaridae) develop in eggs of C. pauxillus. Probles brevicornisHorstmann (Hym.: Ichneumonidae, Tersilochinae) emerges in May and oviposits in young weevil larvae on the tree. The parasitoid does not develop into a pupa until its host starts pupating. The outbreak of apple leaf cutter did not decline over three years, but did not spread into adjacent plantings.
Effect of GCSC‐BtA biocide on population dynamics of cabbage pests and their natural enemies from fields in southeastern China
Authors: Sengonca C. , Liu B. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe present paper deals with the effect of the biocide GCSC‐BtA on population dynamics of cabbage pests, i. e., Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lep., Plutellidae), Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hom., Aphididae), Liriomyza sativae Blanch. (Dip., Agromyzidae), Phyllotreta vittata Fabric. (Col., Chrysomelidae) and their natural enemies, i. e., Apanteles plutellae Kurdj. (Hym., Braconidae), Erigonidium graminicola (Sundv.) (Araneida, Linyphiidae), Coccinella septempunctata L. (Col., Coccinellidae), in common head cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) fields in the southeastern China. The experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, PR China in April – June, 2001.

The results showed that, at the end of sampling, the pest populations of P. xylostella, B. brassicae and P. vittata reached averages of 39.7, 68.3 and 6.2 ind. / 30 plants in the plot treated with GCSC‐BtA, which were about 1.5, 11 and 0.7 times lower than those treated with methomyl, respectively. In contrast, the natural enemy populations were, on average, 23.5 ind./30 plants for A. plutellae, 24.6 ind./30 plants for E. graminicol and 12.2 ind./30 plants for C. septempunctata in the plot treated with GCSC‐BtA, about 6, 5 and 3 times higher than for those treated with methomyl, respectively. The GCSC‐BtA biocide demonstrated greater effectiveness in controlling the cabbage pests, e. g., P. xylostella, B. brassicae and P. vittata, having final decreasing ratios of 83.60, 97.05 and 53.67 % compared to 57.63, 64.89 and 30.88 % with the methomyl insecticide. However, it was less toxic to natural enemies, e. g., A. plutellae, E. graminicola and C. septempunctata, final decreasing ratios being 47.68, 17.84, 27.81 %, than methomyl, with 90.94, 80.80, 74.55 %, in comparison to the populations in the control plots, respectively. So, because of the low toxicity of GCSC‐BtA to the natural enemies, it is recommended that, on one hand, its application should be carried out after mass migration of the pests to the fields, on the other hand, the alternative agent GCSC‐BtA should be used with the aim of minimizing the harmfulness to the natural enemies in the whole program of integrated pest management in cabbage fields.
Susceptibility of the spider Theridion impressum to 17 pesticides
Authors: Pekár S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSusceptibility of immature individuals of the spider Theridion impressum to 17 pesticides (6 insecticides, 4 acaricides, 4 fungicides and 3 herbicides) was tested in the laboratory. The pesticides were applied at recommended rates in a Potter tower. Mortality was evaluated for 4 subsequent days. Broad‐spectrum insecticides, cypermethrin+chlorpyrofos (Nurelle), α‐cypermethrin (Vaztak), and deltamethrin (Decis), were toxic to spiders. Selective insecticides, pirimicarb (Pirimor), Bacillus thuringiensis (Novodor), and triazamate (Aztec), were harmless. All tested acaricides, pirimiphos‐methyl (Actellic), flufenoxuron (Cascade), τ‐fluvalinate+thiometon (Mavrik), and bifenthrin (Talstar) showed high toxicity. Of the fungicides, dithianon (Delan), benomyl (Fundazol), iprodione (Rovral), and dodine (Syllit), only dithianon was slightly harmful, while the remaining fungicides were harmful. All herbicides, metazachlor (Butisan), clomazone (Command), and clopyralid (Lontrel), were harmless to T. impressum. Three selective insecticides, 3 fungicides and 3 herbicides are recommended for use in plant protection.
Studies on insects and mites causing galls on the leaves of elm Ulmus laevis Pall. in the Mogilski Forest in southern Poland1
Authors: Skrzypczyńska Małgorzata 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSpecies composition of galls on the leaves of Ulmus laevis Pall. was analysed in 2001 – 02 in the Mogilski Forest – near an urban agglomeration of Kraków. A total of 5830 galls were found. The galls were caused by 5 insect or mite species. Aceria ulmicola brevipunctata (Nalepa) was the most abundant species in both years.

The index of occurrence frequency and Agrell's index of species co‐occurrence have been calculated. The index of occurrence frequency (F) reached the highest value in the case of A. ulmicola brevipunctata, namely 1.740, in 2001, and the lowest value, i. e. 0.00 005 for Schizoneura ulmi (Linné), in 2001. Agrell's index of species co‐occurrence reached the highest values, i. e. 0.500, in the case of A. ulmicola brevipunctata and Physemocecis ulmi (Kieffer), in 2002, and the lowest one, namely 0.050 for A. ulmicola brevipunctata and Schizoneura ulmi, in 2001.
Inversion relationship between action threshold and economic/aesthetic injury level for the control of urban and quarantine pests
Authors: Stejskal V. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTraditional agricultural pest control IPM theory claims that the action threshold (AT) is lower than the economic (EIL) or aesthetic injury level (AIL). Urban and quarantine pests are tolerated at the zero or near‐zero population level. In the cases where responsive pest control strategies are used instead of preventive ones, inherently AT should be non‐zero and higher than EIL/AIL. The constraints of the implementation of preventive treatment (= zero AT) for some urban pest problems requiring the zero EIL/AIL are discussed.
Attractiveness of three weed species to polyphagous predators  and their influence on aphid populations in adjacent lettuce cultivations
Authors: Sengonca C. , Kranz J. , Blaeser P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe utilization of olfactory responses of predators and ­parasitoids to the allelochemicals emitted by phytophagous arthropods and their host plants is becoming more important in biological pest control. The effects of three weed ­species, i. e. wormwood Artemisia vulgaris L., tansy Tanacetum vulgare L. and stinging nettle Urtica dioica L., which were planted as accompanying vegetations into a lettuce field, were examined for the predatory species Coccinella septempunctata L., Adalia bipunctata (L.), Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), as well as for aphids during the summer of 2000. The presence of weeds significantly increased the density of adults and larvae of the predators on the lettuce plants in relation to the control (lettuce field without weeds). However, the differences remained smaller for eggs and pupae. C. septempunctata tended to be the most abundant species, followed by P. quatuordecimpunctata. Remarkable differences among the attractiveness levels of the weeds in the 3 treatments were not observed. The increased populations of predators were accompanied by significantly reduced infestation rates with aphids in the treatments in relation to the control. Myzus persicae Sulzer was in general the most abundant aphid species followed by Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosley and Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas. The results of the present study are discussed with respect to the management of agroecosystems and the use of weeds in biological control.
Distribution and history of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdj.) in the Carpathian Basin (Hom., Aphididae)
Authors: Starý P. , Basky Z. , Tanigoshi L. K. , Tomanovicć Z. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe Carpathian Basin has been classified as one of the model areas of Russian wheat aphid (= RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Kurdj.), expansion from the southeast to Central Europe. Explorations in 2002 as well as the summarized information published earlier centered the evidence for RWA in the northern and northeastern parts of the area and its occurrence was detected and verified in the area up to the submountains of the Carpathian Mountain Range. The history and distribution peculiarities of RWA in the Carpathian Basin and area are reviewed and discussed.
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with paraproteinaemia
Authors: Randell Peter L , Heenan Peter J 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 51‐year‐old woman developed multiple periorbital nodules. The subsequent demonstration of IgGλ paraproteinaemia and the histological features of necrobiotic xanthogranulomatous inflammation confirmed the clinical diagnosis of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with paraproteinaemia.
Topical treatment of interdigital tinea pedis: Terbinafine compared with clotrimazole
Authors: Patel Anita , Brookman Stephanie D , Bullen Margaret U , Marley John , Ellis David H , Williams Tony , Barnetson Ross StC 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA multicentre, prospective, randomized, double‐blind, parallel group study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and tolerability of topical terbinafine with topical clotrimazole in the treatment of interdigital tinea pedis. Patients were randomized to receive either terbinafine 1% cream twice daily for 1 week, followed by a similar placebo cream for 3 weeks, or clotrimazole 1% cream twice daily for 4 weeks. Outcome measures were: (i) mycological cure (negative culture); (ii) effective treatment (negative culture plus a symptom score of 2 or less out of a maximum score of 18); and (iii) complete cure (negative culture and a symptom score of 0); measured at 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the commencement of the study. One hundred and four of the 217 patients randomized had a culture‐confirmed dermatophyte infection at baseline. In these patients, 84.6% in the terbinafine group were culture negative after 1 week, compared with only 55.8% in the clotrimazole group. Both agents were well tolerated. The study showed that terbinafine achieves mycological cure more rapidly than clotrimazole. This may result in improved compliance and better control over transmission of infection.
Bilateral nipple hyperkeratosis treated successfully with topical isotretinoin
Authors: Toros Plnar , Önder Meltem , Gürer M Ali 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 22‐year‐old woman presented with bilateral thickening and hyperpigmentation of her nipples since the age of 17 years. There was no history of pregnancy or oral contraceptive pill use. Isotretinoin 0.025% gel was applied twice daily and the lesions disappeared in 4 weeks. After the drug was ceased, recurrence appeared within 4 months. The same therapy, applied for 2 weeks, again cleared the problem.
Solitary glomus tumour
Authors: Peretz Eyal , Grunwald Marcelo H , Avinoach Ilana , Halevy Sima 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 42‐year‐old woman developed a purplish, tender nodule on her wrist of 6 months duration. Histological examination showed a well‐circumscribed lesion situated in the dermis and subcutis characterized by numerous, dilated thin‐walled vascular spaces surrounded by sheets of glomus cells. The histological findings are characteristic of the diagnosis of an uncommon type of glomus tumour, known as glomangioma.
Epoxy resin allergy from microscopy immersion oil
Authors: Lee Yu‐Chuan , Gordon David Llewellyn , Gordon Lynette Anne 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA bacteriology technical officer presented with episodes of burning pruritus and urticarial‐like lesions on the face and forearms. Patch testing was strongly positive for epoxy resin. The exposure was occupational to the re‐formulation of microscopy immersion oil.
New approaches to the laser treatment of vascular lesions
Authors: Dover Jeffrey S 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYThe pulsed dye laser (PDL) was developed based on the concept of selective photothermolysis. Using a wavelength of light well absorbed by the target and a pulse duration short enough to spatially confine thermal injury, specific vascular injury could be produced. While the PDL revolutionized the treatment of port‐wine stains (PWS) and a variety of other vascular lesions, the mathematical model predicted that the ideal thermal relaxation time for the vessels in PWS is actually 1–10 msec, not 450 μsec. These original theoretical calculations have been proved correct recently in a study using both an animal‐vessel model and in human PWS. Longer wavelengths of light within the visible spectrum penetrate deeper into the skin and are more suitable for deeper vessels; while longer pulse duration is required for larger calibre vessels. A variety of lasers have been developed recently for the treatment of vascular lesions that incorporate these concepts into their design, including PDL at 1.5 msec, a filtered flash‐lamp pulsed light source with pulse durations of 1–20 msec, several 532 nm pulsed lasers with pulse durations of 1 to as high as 100 msec, long pulsed alexandrite lasers at 755 nm with pulse durations up to 20 msec, pulsed diode lasers in the 800–900 nm range, and long pulsed 1064 Nd:YAG sources. Preliminary results are encouraging.
Topical applications and perioral dermatitis
Authors: Malik Rita , Quirk Christopher J 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYPerioral dermatitis (POD) is a common dermatosis and is considered by most dermatologists to be increasing in incidence. An Australia‐wide, questionnaire‐based study investigating the aetiology of POD was conducted, with particular emphasis on the significance of cosmetic use. One hundred and thirty‐three cases were obtained from dermatologists across Australia and were compared with 99 randomly selected controls who were matched for age and sex. Application of foundation, in addition to moisturiser and night cream resulted in a 13‐fold increased risk for POD (odds ratio 13.5; P <0.001). The combination of moisturiser and foundation was associated with a lesser but significantly increased risk for POD (odds ratio 2.9; P = 0.017). Moisturiser alone was not associated with an increased risk of POD. These findings suggest that cosmetic preparations play a vital role in the aetiology of POD, perhaps by an occlusive mechanism. In 83% of cases, topical steroid application to the face occurred after the development of a facial rash.
Nuchal fibroma associated with scleredema, diabetes mellitus and organic solvent exposure
Authors: Banney Leith A , Weedon David , Muir James B 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA case of scleredema diabeticorum of Buschke associated with nuchal fibroma and organic solvent exposure is reported. The patient presented with a neck mass causing discomfort and restriction of movement. Histological examination showed this to be a nuchal fibroma. Additionally, there was widespread induration of the skin of his trunk which was asymptomatic. A biopsy showed features of scleredema. This is the first reported association of these two conditions, both of which show increased and thickened collagen bundles without significant fibroblast proliferation. They differ by the occurrence of mucin in scleredema, although this is not always demonstrable, particularly in late lesions. The possibility that nuchal fibroma is an end stage, localized form of scleredema is canvassed. The patient’s medical history included insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus with complications of retinal vessel thrombosis and peripheral neuropathy. The patient also had significant past exposure to a wide variety of chemicals, including organic solvents.
Follicular B‐cell pseudolymphoma
Authors: Peretz Eyal , Grunwald Marcelo H , Cagnano E , Halevy Sima 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYA 60‐year‐old woman presented with a 3‐week history of a pruritic papulo‐nodular eruption on the face and trunk after a bee sting. Histological examination showed a predominantly lymphocytic infiltrate with follicular centres and tingible body macrophages. Immunohistochemically, positive staining for both kappa and lambda light chains was noted. The eruption settled with oral antihistamine and topical corticosteroid. These findings support the diagnosis of follicular B‐cell pseudolymphoma.
Allergic contact dermatitis in dentistry
Authors: Rubel Diana M , Watchorn Rosemary B 
Published: March 2003

SUMMARYAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in dentistry may affect dentists and orthodontists, technicians, nurses and patients. Changes to dental practice in recent years have altered the reported frequencies of allergens causing ACD in both dental personnel and patients. Allergic contact dermatitis to medicaments, metals and glutaraldehyde were previously common allergens in dentistry; however, widespread adoption of rubber gloves by staff has resulted in a significant increase in ACD to glove allergens in both dental staff and their patients, while affording protection against the traditional allergens. Both public concerns about potential toxicity of metals in oral restorations and a greater demand for cosmetic dentistry, have resulted in greater use of acrylics and resins by dental personnel, exposing them to highly allergenic materials. Dermatologists need to be aware of the newer allergenic materials used in dentistry in order to correctly manage skin diseases in this high‐risk group.