bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth control of mouse mammary epithelial cells by keratin antibody‐targeted liposome containing oligonucleotides antisense to epidermal growth factor receptor
Authors: Yuh In‐Suh , Lee Seung‐Youp , Hong Byong‐Ju 
Published: May 2003

AbstractNMuMG cells were incubated with 17β‐estradiol (E)+progesterone (P)+epidermal growth factor (EGF), with or without various types of oligomers (21‐mers) to the EGF receptor activity domain (amino acid residues 718 to 724). Sense or antisense oligomers were encapsulated in protein A‐bearing liposomes. Uncoupled protein A and unencapsulated sense or antisense oligomers were separated from liposomes on a Sepharose 4B column (the encapsulation efficiency of oligomers in liposome—protein A was 0.8%). The addition of various concentrations of EGF to E+P showed an interaction between them during DNA synthesis (P<0.05). Antisense oligomers (1 μM) decreased DNA synthesis induced by E+P+EGF (65.0% inhibition, P<0.05). Sense oligomers also inhibited DNA synthesis induced by E+P+EGF (P<0.05). However, random‐sequence oligomers did not inhibit EGF‐induced DNA synthesis. We cannot rule out the possibility that sense oligomers match an unknown functional gene mRNA involved in cell growth, which causes their inhibitory effect. Cells were incubated with a keratin monoclonal antibody and then with dilutions of protein A‐bound liposomes containing sense or antisense oligomers in the presence of E+P+EGF. Dose dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis was observed. The encapsulated oligomers in protein A‐bound liposomes inhibited DNA synthesis at a 100‐fold lower concentration than that of unencapsulated oligomers or the oligomer+liposome mixture. The tyrosine kinase activity domain has an important role in EGF regulation of mammary growth. The effect of a cytokeratin‐targeted antibody on DNA synthesis in normal mouse mammary epithelial cells was marginal.
Effect of a single neonatal endorphin treatment on the hormone content of adult rat white blood cells and mast cells
Authors: Csaba György , Kovács Péter , Pállinger Éva 
Published: May 2003

AbstractUsing flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, the presence of endorphin, serotonin and chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was demonstrated in rat white blood cells and peritoneal mast cells. After a single neonatal treatment with β‐endorphin (hormonal imprinting), the mast cells of female rats reaching adulthood contained significantly less endorphin and serotonin, as well as slightly less hCG, than control cells. There was no change in the hormone content of the mast cells of males. The lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes of both sexes also contained the three hormones, but endorphin imprinting had no effect on these cells.
Unexpected durability of PKH 26 staining on rat adipocytes
Authors: Rieck Bernd 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn a case of autologous mature fat cell transplantation to an individual rat, persistence of adipose staining with PKH26 was detected 14.5 months later. Fluorescent fat cells with spotty surface markings were easily visible. Such a long period of persistence and stability of staining exceeds the expectation from previous reports, and the given half‐life of the substance. This finding encourages the use of the dye for long‐term follow‐up of connective tissue cells, especially adipocytes and preadipocytes, following transplantation.
Increased serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 predict clinical outcome of patients with early B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Molica Stefano , Vitelli Gaetano , Levato Domenico , Giannarelli Diana , Vacca Angelo , Cuneo Antonio , Cavazzini Franceso , Squillace Roberto , Mirabelli Rosanna , Digiesi Giovanna 
Published: May 2003

Abstract:Background and Methods: Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) which agree with progression in solid and haematological tumours were correlated to the risk of disease progression in 62 patients with early (Binet stage A) B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Sera were taken at diagnosis and tested by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results: MMP‐9 levels positively correlated with haemoglobin levels (P = 0.03) and platelet count (P = 0.03). No association was found with main clinico‐haematological features representative of tumour mass, such as peripheral blood lymphocytosis, bone marrow histology, Rai substages and β‐2 microglobulin (β‐2m). A cut‐off of MMP‐9 levels corresponding to 33rd percentile (203 ng/mL) or higher identified earlier upstaging and shorter progression‐free survival. MMP‐9 was a significant prognostic marker in multivariate analysis and partially independent of Rai substages, which suggests its inclusion into such a staging system to better stratify prognostically Rai stages I and II patients.Conclusions: MMP‐9 serum levels predict disease behaviour and help to refine the prognosis of stage A CLL patients.
Reversal of cardiac complications in thalassemia major by long‐term intermittent daily intensive iron chelation
Authors: Miskin H. , Yaniv I. , Berant M. , Hershko C. , Tamary H. 
Published: May 2003

Abstract:Objectives: In patients with thalassemia major (TM) who are non‐compliant with long‐term deferoxamine (DFO) chelation, survival is limited mainly because of cardiac complications of transfusional siderosis. It was recently shown in a small group of TM patients with established cardiac damage that continuous 24‐h DFO infusion via an indwelling intravenous (i.v.) catheter is effective in reversing cardiac toxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the results with intermittent daily (8–10 h) i.v. DFO.Patients: Eight TM patients with cardiac complications treated with intensive intermittent DFO were retrospectively evaluated by the mean annual serum ferritin, radionucleated ventriculography and 24‐h electrocardiography recordings.Results: The median age at diagnosis of cardiac disease was 17.5 yr (range 14–21), and the median follow‐up time was 84 months (range, 36–120). In the majority of patients (seven of eight) high‐dose DFO (mean 95 ± 18.3 mg/kg/d) was administered via a central venous line. During follow‐up, there was a significant decrease in the mean ferritin levels (5828 ± 2016 ng/mL to 1585 ± 1849 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Both cardiac failure (mean ejection fraction 32 ± 5) and cardiac arrhythmias were resolved in four of five patients. One non‐compliant patient died during the follow‐up. Following discontinuation of the i.v. therapy, compliance with conventional DFO therapy improved. The complications of this regimen, mainly catheter‐related infections and catheter‐related thrombosis, were similar to those described earlier.Conclusions: These results with the longest follow‐up period in the literature suggest that i.v. high‐dose DFO for 8–10 h daily may be as effective as continuous 24‐h infusion for the reversal of established cardiac disease in TM.
Haematuria and urolithiasis in patients with haemophilia
Authors: Ghosh Kanjaksha , Jijina Farah , Mohanty Dipika 
Published: May 2003

Abstract:Recurrent haematuria was present in 18 of 474 moderate and severe haemophiliacs, the cause of which was found to be urolithiasis in six patients (33%). The prevalence of urolithiasis in haemophiliacs was found to be significantly higher than that reported from the general population, i.e. 4.5 of 10 000 population under 40 yr of age (odds ratio (OR) 23.4; 95% CI 18.2–28.7; λ2 test P < 0.01). Even when this prevalence was corrected for gender bias, i.e. male : female (5 : 1), the significance of the present findings remain (OR 17.6; 95% CI 13.8–21.5; λ2 test P < 0.01). In developing countries, severe and moderately severe haemophiliacs may be at a higher risk of urolithiasis because of prolonged recumbency necessitated by recurrent joint bleeds and inadequate replacement therapy.
Evaluation of industrial by‐products as soil acidity amendments: chemical and mineralogical implications
Authors: Garrido F. , Illera V. , Vizcayno C. , García‐ González M. T. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryLime, mined gypsum and some gypsum‐like by‐products have been frequently applied to soil to counter acidity. We have examined the changes in the chemical and mineralogical properties of three acid soils resulting from the application of three industrial by‐products (phosphogypsum, red gypsum and sugar foam). We did so in laboratory experiments on suspensions of soil in saturated solutions of the by‐products. A sizeable fraction of the Al released by exchange with Ca of the amendments remained on the mineral surfaces as Al polymers, as suggested by changes in the CuCl2‐, oxalic–oxalate‐ and DTPA‐extractable Al contents. Polymerization of Al was promoted by corresponding neutral and basic pH of red gypsum and sugar foam saturated solutions, respectively. Sorption of these Al polymers was particularly favourable in those horizons with more clay fraction and variable‐charge clay minerals. On the other hand, in most cases there was little or no detectable sorption of sulphate, thus excluding precipitation of crystalline or amorphous basic Al sulphates to alleviate Al toxicity. Based on the reduction of the Al saturation of the exchange complex in the soils, as well as on the small contents of heavy metals and natural radionuclides of the three by‐products, these can be considered effective alternatives to mined gypsum and lime for alleviating soil acidity and reducing toxic concentrations of Al in agricultural, acid soils.
Cation binding in a mor layer: batch experiments and modelling
Authors: Gustafsson J. P. , Van Schaik J. W. J. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryThe understanding of cation binding in the mor layer is important to correctly assess the biogeochemical cycling of metals and other cations in forested ecosystems. In a series of batch experiments, the binding of cations was examined in two mor layers from central Sweden. We examined the effect of Ca and Al on the binding of Zn, and also the binding of added Pb, Cu and Cd. Two models, WinHumicV and the Stockholm Humic Model (SHM), were tested for their ability to describe the data obtained. We found that for Zn, the pH at 50% sorption was increased from 2.8 to 4.2 after the addition of 3 mMAl. The proton titration data were well described by both WinHumicV and SHM after optimization of the concentrations of ‘active’ Al and humic substances. Applying generic parameters for cation binding produced deviations between the model simulations and the observations, particularly for the dissolved Pb and Cu concentrations, which were underestimated. A revised set of cation complexation constants was presented that improved the fit, particularly for SHM. For WinHumicV, there were still poor overall fits. The difference in model performance may be due to the greater number of adjustable parameters in the SHM, but probably also to other model‐specific differences. According to the SHM simulations, the binding of Ca, Mg and Mn was mainly non‐specific, whereas Pb, Cu and Al were bound as mono‐ or bidentate complexes. For Zn and Cd, binding occurred through both counter‐ion accumulation and monodentate complexation.
Organic carbon dynamics in soil particle‐size separates of sandy Spodosols when forest is cleared for maize cropping
Authors: Jolivet C. , Arrouays D. , Lévèque J. , Andreux F. , Chenu C. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryIn southwest France, much of the forest lands on sandy Spodosols has been converted to continuous maize cropping in the last few decades. To evaluate the impacts of such change on the content and properties of the soil organic matter, we compared the amount of organic carbon and 13C natural abundance in soil and particle‐size separates at three locations, selected on the basis of different contents of 0–50 μm particles (clay + silt). After three decades of cultivation, the amount of carbon from the forest pools (Cf) decreased by about 60%, attributable mainly to easily degradable material in sand‐sized fractions (−70%). However, a recalcitrant residue remained in soil at a constant proportion, showing that organic matter in these fractions is heterogeneous. Organic matter in the clay + silt fraction was relatively resistant, decreasing by only 20% after 30 years of cultivation. Intensive agricultural management has homogenized the characteristics of the soil and the mineralization of the organic matter, which has resulted in a long‐term convergence of organic carbon from the three locations. However, small natural variations in fine particle content were associated with significant differences in the accumulation of carbon in soil. The protective capacity of the soil depended on the proportion of clay + silt fraction, which stabilized the organic matter. Furthermore, the degree of saturation of this fraction with original carbon from forest and its rate of decomposition determined the soil's capacity to accumulate newly added carbon derived from maize.
Speciation of sulphur in soils and soil particles by X‐ray spectromicroscopy
Authors: Prietzel J. , Thieme J. , Neuhäusler U. , Susini J. , Kögel‐Knabner I. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryCurrent wet chemical methods for the speciation of sulphur (S) in soils are inaccurate and do not allow one to assess the S speciation of individual soil particles and colloids. X‐ray microscopy and Near Edge X‐ray Absorption Fine structure Spectroscopy (NEXAFS) can be used to study individual species of S at the K‐adsorption edge. We have used these techniques to identify and quantify S species in bulk soil, soil particles and colloids from Oh and Bh horizons of two forested Podzols. The partitioning of soil sulphur as determined on bulk samples of the Oh horizons by X‐ray spectromicroscopy agreed fairly well with the results of a conventional S speciation for the soil at Schluchsee, and reasonably well for that at Rotherdbach. The NEXAFS analyses on individual soil particles revealed that they are richer in reduced organic sulphur than the bulk soil for the Schluchsee Oh and richer in sulphate for Rotherdbach Oh. The techniques can be used reliably to separate and quantify sulphur species with different oxidation states in the soil. The combination of X‐ray transmission and sulphur fluorescence images with unfocused and focused NEXAFS spectra at the K‐adsorption edge of sulphur at specific microsites allowed us to compare the distribution of S species in bulk soil with that of distinct soil particles and soil colloids. Moreover, we can use it to assess the spatial distribution of different S species on soil particles on a scale of a few hundred nanometres.
Scale pattern analysis is preferable to OTC marking of otoliths for differentiating between stocked and wild dusky flathead, Platycephalus fuscus, and sand whiting, Sillago ciliata
Authors: Butcher A. , Mayer D. , Willett D. , Johnston M. , Smallwood D. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA pilot programme to evaluate the effect of stocking dusky flathead, Platycephalus fuscus (Cuv. & Val.), and sand whiting, Sillago ciliata (Cuv. & Val.), began in the Maroochy River estuary in 1995. Two possible methods of mass marking; oxytetracycline (OTC) marking of otoliths, and scale pattern analysis (SPA) were investigated. A range of OTC trials was conducted, with limited success. High concentrations (1000 mg L−1) of OTC and low salinities (≤9°/00) produced acceptable marks on the otoliths of both species, but at the expense of fingerling survival and environmental health risks. SPA provided better results, with wild to hatchery misclassification rates of 25 and 11%, respectively, for P. fuscus and S. ciliata. The reverse misclassification rate of hatchery to wild was equal or better for both species. Field trials demonstrated that SPA was able to differentiate between the two sources of fingerlings (wild and hatchery). These results indicated that OTC was impractical, while SPA was acceptable for this pilot programme. The implications of these results are discussed.
Upstream migration of Atlantic salmon at a power station on the River Nidelva, Southern Norway
Authors: Thorstad E. B. , Økland F. , Kroglund F. , Jepsen N. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe upstream migration of 17 radio‐tagged adult Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., past hydroelectric developments on the River Nidelva, Southern Norway, was examined. Salmon migrated quickly from the site of release in the lower part of the river up to the tunnel outlet of Rygene power station, but were substantially delayed at the outlet. The salmon stayed in the outlet area for 0–71 days (median = 20), and mainly took up a position inside the dark power station tunnel. Water discharge in the tunnel was 57–176 m3 s−1, while residual flow in the river between the outlet and the dam 2.5 km further upstream was 3 m3 s−1. Ten salmon passed the outlet and entered the residual flow stretch, but none passed the dam. Six of the 10 salmon returned to the tunnel outlet. No major migration barriers were identified in the residual flow stretch, suggesting lack of motivation among the salmon to migrate due to either low water discharge compared with the main river, or several minor migration barriers along the river stretch.
Population dynamics of Metapenaeus dobsoni from the western coastal waters of Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayawardane P. A. A. T. , Mclusky D. S. , Tytler P. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe population dynamics of Metapenaeus dobsoni (Miers) from the west coast of Sri Lanka was investigated based on catch/effort and length frequency data, using FiSAT software. Annual yield of M. dobsoni was estimated at 296 t in 1998 and 362 t in 1999. This species formed 54% of the total shrimp catch from the system. The asymptotic length (L) and the growth rate constant (K) were estimated to be 11.49 cm and 1.02 yr−1 for males and 12.8 cm and 1.73 yr−1 for females. The fishing mortality coefficients were 2.42 and 1.85 yr−1 for males and females, respectively. The natural mortality was estimated at 1.72 yr−1 for males and 2.51 yr−1 for females. The recruitment for the estuarine environment and the offshore areas was continuous but peaked twice per year. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) was estimated at 294.65 t, around the current catch estimates. To obtain maximum sustainable economic yield (MSE = 293.56 t) the present effort should be reduced by 10%.
Edaphic variation and the mesoscale distribution of tree species in a neotropical rain forest
Authors: Clark David B. , Clark Deborah A. , Read Jane M. 
Published: May 2003

1  Do local edaphic factors over short environmental gradients affect the distribution and abundance of tree species in tropical rain forests? We addressed this question by examining the responses of tree species to soil type, topographic position and slope angle in an upland old‐growth tropical rain forest landscape in Costa Rica, Central America. 2  The study area covered 216 ha of non‐swamp old growth and included replicated landscape units such as ridgetop to swale catenas, small watersheds, and alluvial terraces. An existing soils map was refined using additional sampling along a regularly spaced grid. Three soil units were defined: residual soils derived from in‐place weathering of basaltic parent material; old alluvial terrace soils formed by precontemporary flooding; and soils of stream valleys. A Geographic Information System was used to assign soil type to 2190 post‐establishment individuals of nine tree species in a long‐term demographic study. Topographic position and slope angle were measured in the field. 3  Data from 433 regularly spaced sample points were used to generate an expected distribution of edaphic variables, which was compared with the number of individuals of each species in each edaphic category. 4  Non‐random distributions among soil types were found for seven of the nine species, with topographic positions for six species, and with slope angle classes for four species. 5  The issue of what constitutes an independent sample of establishment was analysed by considering the old‐growth character of the landscape and evidence for frequent dispersal among edaphic units. A re‐analysis of species’ distributions using only individuals > 4 cm diameter showed that results from the original analyses were robust. 6  Soil type (residual vs. old alluvial) was not significantly related to diameter growth. Three species showed significant differences in size class distributions between soil types with increasing diameter. 7  Tree species in tropical rain forests are frequently non‐randomly distributed along relatively short edaphic gradients on upland soils. Future studies should increase the number of species and spatial scale analysed, incorporate better analyses of edaphic variables, and include experiments to identify the ecological processes that generate these non‐random distributions.
Association of boiled and filtered coffee with incidence of first nonfatal myocardial infarction: the SHEEP and the VHEEP study
Authors: Hammar N. , Andersson T. , Alfredsson L. , Reuterwall C. , Nilsson T. , Hallqvist J. , Knutsson A. , Ahlbom A. 
Published: May 2003

Abstract.  Hammar N, Andersson T, Alfredsson L, Reuterwall C, Nilsson T, Hallqvist J, Knutsson A, Ahlbom A (Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm Center of Public Health, Stockholm, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Västernorrland County Council, Sundsvall, Division of Social Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Norrland University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden) Association of boiled and filtered coffee with incidence of first nonfatal myocardial infarction: the SHEEP and the VHEEP study. J Intern Med 2003; 253: 653–659.Objectives.  To evaluate the influence of consumption of filtered and boiled coffee, on the incidence of first nonfatal myocardial infarction.Design.  Population‐based case–control study.Setting and subjects.  The study base consisted of the population 45–65/70 years‐old in two Swedish counties, Stockholm and Västernorrland, 1992/93–94. In all, 1943 cases of first nonfatal myocardial infarction were identified. For each case one control was selected from the study base concurrently with disease incidence by matching the sex, age and place of residence of the case. Information about coffee consumption and other factors was obtained by mailed questionnaire and a medical examination. The participation rate was 85% amongst cases and 74% amongst controls.Results.  Men with a reported consumption of 7–9 dL filtered coffee per day showed an increased incidence of first myocardial infarction compared with consumers of 3 dL day−1 or less (RR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.03–1.70). A consumption of at least 10 dL day−1 was associated with an RR of 1.93 (95% CI: 1.42–2.63) for filtered and 2.20 (95% CI: 1.17–4.15) for boiled coffee. Amongst women, no clear association was seen between consumption of filtered coffee and myocardial infarction but consumption of boiled coffee tended to be related to an increased incidence. Comparing subjects drinking boiled coffee with those drinking filtered coffee and adjusting for the amount consumed gave an increased incidence for boiled coffee amongst both men (RR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.07–1.80) and women (RR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.04–2.56).Conclusions.  Consumption of boiled coffee appears to increase the incidence of first nonfatal myocardial infarction. This increased incidence is consistent with randomized trials showing an adverse impact of boiled coffee on blood lipids.