bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children with sexual behavior problems: Ties to child maltreatment, family functioning, and help‐seeking
Authors: Campbell Claudia L. , Wamser Rachel A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough the literature on children's sexual behavior problems (SBPs) has indicated that maltreatment and family dysfunction are linked to SBPs, several facets of these factors have remained unexamined. Prior research has largely focused on SBPs more broadly, though interpersonal SBPs (ISBPs) are likely a distinct, more severe SBP subtype. The aim of the current study was to examine potentially relevant, unexplored factors, including the number of types of and total allegations of maltreatment as well as familial characteristics (i.e., parenting attitudes and behaviors, discipline methods, family functioning, and help‐seeking) in relation to SBPs and ISBPs. The present study included 8‐year‐old children (N = 1,011, 51.1% female, 53.8% Black) and their caregivers from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) study. In the model for SBPs, externalizing symptoms, the number of types of maltreatment allegations, maladaptive discipline methods, and help‐seeking were associated with SBPs, whereas child's gender, race/ethnicity, internalizing symptoms, total maltreatment allegations, income, family functioning, and parenting attitudes were unrelated, r2 = .23. When ISBPs were examined, only child's gender and externalizing symptoms were tied to ISBPs, r2 = .09. However, child's race/ethnicity and internalizing symptoms, as well as maltreatment experiences, family factors, and help‐seeking, were not associated with ISBPs. These findings highlight the importance of broader externalizing symptoms for both SBPs and ISBPs as well as the role of multiple types of maltreatment, parenting behavior, and help‐seeking in the context of general SBPs.
Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a Patient with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Scheffler Patrick , Eitan Dana , Drewek Rupali , Gnagi Sharon 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common amongst patients with cerebral palsy in part due to significant hypotonia. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) is a novel tool used to treat sleep apnea when there is failure with CPAP. To our knowledge, the literature has not discussed HGNS as a treatment option for severe OSA in patients with cerebral palsy.MethodsCase report and literature review.ResultsA 28‐year‐old male with cerebral palsy, neuromuscular deformity, proximal junction kyphosis, and developmental delay presented with severe obstructive sleep apnea and was intolerant to CPAP and BiPAP. After HGNS implantation, a sleep study revealed improved ventilation and oxygenation at 2.4 V; AHI decreased from baseline of 112 to 12 events per hour with only mild intermittent snoring. The patient's family reported increased utilization compared with previous CPAP use.ConclusionHGNS can be a safe and effective treatment modality for OSA in this patient population. Laryngoscope, 134:2478–2479, 2024
High‐Performance NIR Emission in Chromium‐Doped Garnet Phosphors Enabled by Structure and Excitation Regulation
Authors: Li Zhuowei , Zhu Ge , Li Shanshan , Xu Wen , Bian Qingfeng , Cong Yan , He Ming , Luo Xixian , Xin Shuangyu , Dong Bin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe burgeoning phosphor‐converted near‐infrared light‐emitting diodes (pc‐NIR LEDs) have important applications in special illumination and spectroscopy analysis. However, the development of efficient NIR‐emitting phosphors with high performance is still a challenge. In this work, a chemical unit co‐substitution strategy is proposed to realize the excitation transition regulation and successfully achieve high‐performance NIR luminescence in Ca3‐yNayMg1‐ySb2‐xAl2+yO12: xCr3+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1) garnet‐type solid solution phosphors. Through the excitation transition modulation from the 4A2 ground state to the 4T1(4P) and 4T1(4F) excitation state, the excitation intensity at the blue light region is largely enhanced by 25.6 times. Moreover, the NIR‐emitting efficiency and thermal stability are improved, with the optimal luminescence internal quantum efficiency of 90.6% and thermal stability of 97%@423 K, without any flux‐assisted sintering or reduction atmosphere protection. The structure regulation induced small Stokes shift, weak electron‐phonon coupling effect, and decreased non‐radiative transition are responsible for the excellent NIR‐emitting performance. Finally, the NIR pc‐LED is fabricated with photoelectric efficiencies of 18.7%@100 mA and NIR output powers of 63 mW@100 mA, presenting potential applications in nondestructive internal defect detection, veins imaging, and night vision surveillance.
Performance variations of global precipitation products in detecting drought episodes in three wet seasons in Ethiopia: Part II—statistical analysis
Authors: Degefu Mekonnen Adnew , Bewket Woldeamlak 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe need to evaluate global climate data has increased in recent times. In this study, we evaluate the ability of global precipitation products to monitor drought during three wet seasons (Belg/March–May, Kiremt/June–September and Autumn/September–November) and associated rainfall regions in Ethiopia. We employed statistical methods to quantify and evaluate precipitation products based on probability of drought detection (POD), the extent of false alarms (FAR) and the critical success index (CSI) to see the overall performance of the studied precipitation products. The majority of the studied precipitation datasets were relatively better in capturing the Autumn drought in southern Ethiopia, and 18 out of 21 precipitation products captured accurately more than 50% of observed droughts. The CSI scores for this season are also above 0.5 for 14 precipitation products. On the other hand, 15 and 14 precipitation products accurately captured more than 50% of the seasonal drought in Kiremt and Belg rainfall seasons in north‐eastern Ethiopia. In contrast, most precipitation products do not clearly represent the drought conditions of the Kiremt season in north‐western Ethiopia. Only 8 of the 21 precipitation products accurately captured more than 50% of the observed drought in this region, and only 6 precipitation products had a CSI score greater than 0.5. The results can facilitate the selection of precipitation products for drought monitoring purposes, for use in specific wet seasons and regions of Ethiopia.
Novel compound heterozygous mutations in OCA2 gene were identified in a Chinese family with oculocutaneous albinism
Authors: Jiang Beilei , Zhang Hua , Kan Yuling , Gao Xueping , Du Zhaoli , Liu Quan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundOculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of rare autosomal recessive disorders characterized by clinical genetic heterogeneity. OCA type II (OMIM: 203200) is the most common subtype among African and African Americans, primarily caused by pathogenic variants in the OCA2 (HGNC ID: 8101) gene. In this study, we presented a Chinese family with OCA and reported two novel variants in the OCA2 gene.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify pathogenic variants in the proband. The candidate variants were subsequently validated using Sanger sequencing and QPCR assay. Additionally, bioinformatics analyses were employed to predict the deleteriousness and conservation of the identified mutations.ResultsIn the 16‐year‐old male proband, two novel compound heterozygous OCA2 variants, NM_000275.3: c.1640T>G (NP_000266.2: p.L547R) and an exons 10‐19 deletion variant, were identified. Meanwhile, a reported heterozygous variant c.1441G>A/p.A481T (NM_000275.3, NP_000266.2) in the OCA2 gene was also found in the proband. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the two variants c.1441G>A/p.A481T and c.1640T>G/p.L547R were inherited from his father. Moreover, qPCR assay revealed that the exons 10‐19 deletion was inherited from the mother, his sister also carried this variant. Fortunately, the variant was not detected in the amniotic fluid of the proband's sister. Multiple online bioinformatics tools predicted the variant c.1640T>G to be damaging, leading to the replacement of a highly conserved leucine with an arginine. The gross exon 10‐19 deletion in the OCA2 gene resulted in a truncated, non‐functional protein losing the 3–9 transmembrane α‐helices domains. According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics classification, these three variants in the OCA2 gene were evaluated as likely pathogenic.ConclusionThis study has identified two novel compound variants in the OCA2 gene and a previously reported variant in a Chinese family with OCA. By expanding the mutation spectrum of the OCA2 gene, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the genetic basis of OCA.
Electroporation‐mediated genome editing in vitrified/warmed porcine zygotes obtained in vitro
Authors: Haraguchi Seiki , Dang‐Nguyen Thanh Q. , Kikuchi Kazuhiro , Somfai Tamás 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐associated 9 (Cas9) system is the most efficient and widely used technology for genome editing in all sorts of organisms, including livestock animals. Here, we examined the feasibility of CRISPR/Cas9‐derived genome editing (GE) in vitrified porcine zygotes, where the flexible planning of experiments in time and space is expected. OCT4 and CD46 genes were targeted, and the Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNP) were electroporated into zygotes at 2 h after warming. Vitrification or GE alone did not significantly reduce the developmental rates to the blastocyst stage. However, vitrification followed by GE significantly reduced blastocyst development. Sequencing analysis of the resultant blastocysts revealed efficient GE for both OCT4 (nonvitrified: 91.0%, vitrified: 95.1%) and CD46 (nonvitrified: 94.5%, vitrified: 93.2%), with no significant difference among them. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that GE‐blastocysts lacked detectable proteins. They were smaller in size, and the cell numbers were significantly reduced compared with the control (p < 0.01). Finally, we demonstrated that double GE efficiently occurs (100%) when the OCT4‐RNP and CD46‐RNP are simultaneously introduced into zygotes after vitrification/warming. This is the first demonstration that vitrified porcine zygotes can be used in GE as efficiently as nonvitrified ones.
Proximal policy optimization learning based control of congested freeway traffic
Authors: Mo Shurong , Wu Nailong , Qi Jie , Pan Anqi , Feng Zhiguang , Yan Huaicheng , Wang Yueying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a delay compensation feedback controller based on reinforcement learning is proposed to adjust the time interval of the adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicle agents in the traffic congestion by introducing the proximal policy optimization (PPO) scheme. The high‐speed traffic flow is characterized by a two‐by‐two Aw Rasle Zhang nonlinear first‐order partial differential equations (PDEs). Unlike the backstepping delay compensation control,23 the PPO controller proposed in this paper consists of the current traffic flow velocity, the current traffic flow density and the previous one step control input. Since the system dynamics of the traffic flow are difficult to be expressed mathematically, the control gains of the three feedback can be determined via learning from the interaction between the PPO and the digital simulator of the traffic system. The performance of Lyapunov control, backstepping control and PPO control are compared with numerical simulation. The results demonstrate that PPO control is superior to Lyapunov control in terms of the convergence rate and control efforts for the traffic system without delay. As for the traffic system with unstable input delay value, the performance of PPO controller is also equivalent to that of backstepping controller. Besides, PPO is more robust than backstepping controller when the parameter is sensitive to Gaussian noise.
Effects of the injection molding processing settings on the phase morphology and mechanical anisotropy of thermoplastic vulcanizates
Authors: Mentges Noah , Çelik Hakan , Dahlmann Rainer , Hopmann Christian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThermoplastic vulcanizates show significant anisotropic mechanical properties when processed to components via injection molding. This effect is related to a process‐dependent distortion of the incorporated elastomer particles in high‐shear regions during the injection phase. In a plate geometry, the elastomer particles in the shear regions are oriented and deformed in the flow direction. However, the ongoing distortion processes and the influencing factors of the process parameters on the resulting phase morphology and mechanical response are not entirely understood. Therefore, in this study, the effect of the injection molding machine settings for the production of a plate component on the local phase morphology and mechanical anisotropy is investigated. The investigations are conducted on two commercial material grades with different Shore‐A hardness 30 and 90. A significant inverse effect of the injection volume flow rate on the particle distortion and anisotropy is found. Increasing the volume flow rate results in a reduction of the anisotropy. This is counterintuitive from the experience of other materials with process‐dependent anisotropy. Also, a significant influence of the process on the overall stiffness of the compounds is observed.Highlights
Sturcture–property relation for phase morphology in thermoplastic vulcanizates
Quantitative microstructure analysis in injection molded plates
Macroscopic analysis of anisotropic mechanical response under uniaxial loading
Effect analysis of injection molding parameters on the mechanical anisotropy
Additional effects of process settings on overall stiffness of the material
Proteome‐wide abundance profiling of yeast deletion strains for GET pathway members using sample multiplexing
Authors: Gygi Joel S. , Liu Xinyue. , Levi Benjamin P. , Paulo Joao A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe GET pathway is associated with post‐translational delivery of tail‐anchored (TA) proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in yeast, as well as other eukaryotes. Moreover, dysfunction of the GET pathway has been associated with various pathological conditions (i.e., neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular ailments, and protein misfolding diseases). In this study, we used yeast deletion strains of Get complex members (specifically, Get1, Get2, Get3, Get4, and Get5) coupled with sample multiplexing‐based quantitative mass spectrometry to profile protein abundance on a proteome‐wide scale across the five individual deletion strains. Our dataset consists of over 4500 proteins, which corresponds to >75% of the yeast proteome. The data reveal several dozen proteins that are differentially abundant in one or more deletion strains, some of which are membrane‐associated, yet the abundance of many TA proteins remained unchanged. This study provides valuable insights into the roles of these Get genes, and the potential for alternative pathways which help maintain cellular function despite the disruption of the GET pathway.
Templated Droplet Evaporation‐Based Supraparticles in Environmental Applications
Authors: Dabodiya Tulsi Satyavir , Singh Kapil Dev , Verma Ravikant , Barman Bittesh , Zhang Xuehua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDesigning of innovative technologies for the development of functional materials remain crucial for achieving sustainable technological advancements. In this regard, nanoparticles (NPs) possessing enormous potential properties can be obtained using various facile methods for several applications. Adopting NPs as primitive building blocks can initiate the formation of complex entities named supraparticle (SP) to create several advanced functional materials. Additionally, SPs enable entirely new material characteristics to the system, owing to their individual entities, intrinsic properties such as coupling, spatial arrangement, and co‐localization. Indeed, methods such as template‐induced evaporation‐based assembly of NPs direct the shape, size, and morphology of SPs from their respective colloidal dispersions on a solvent‐repellant solid surface. Therefore, it is important to comprehend the formation of SPs and their structure‐property relationship with respect to practical application. This review presents a brief overview of SPs assembly by outlining the templated‐assisted evaporation‐based methodologies for synthesizing SPs. Further, the effect of various factors on the interaction between colloidal entities, solvent, and substrate, leading to the genesis of SPs is elaborated. Conclusively, specific properties are described and applications of SPs for energy storage, generation, and environmental remediation are reported, which collectively brings many interdisciplinary research fields to the same podium.
Physical versus non‐physical effective nuclear masses for non‐adiabatic corrections to molecular spectra
Authors: Pinto J. Batista , Amaral Paulo H. R. , Diniz Leonardo G. , Mohallem José R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTwo types of developments for very accurate non‐adiabatic corrections to rovibrational molecular energy levels, one of a formal nature and the other of a heuristic nature, lead to fundamentally different approaches for effective nuclear masses. The former yields effective masses that have non‐physical interpretation at some ranges of nuclear distances. The later uses physical masses obtained from electronic structure calculations. This paper contains a brief review of the subject and proposes procedures to improve and generalize the heuristic approach. Comparisons are made of the results obtained by the two approaches for the H molecule, since no further calculations were found with the proper accuracy, but some issues involving the HeH ion and the water molecule are discussed. The conclusion is that the heuristic approach has many advantages over the formal one, namely, equivalent accuracy and physically grounded qualitative interpretation. But, moreover, it seems to be presently the only method that allows non‐adiabatic calculations for well isolated states of larger molecules.
Cryptozoospermia: Should we use ejaculated sperm or surgically retrieved sperm for assisted reproductive technology?
Authors: Hibi Hastuki , Tokoro Mikiko , Sonohara Megumi , Ihara Kazuho , Fukunaga Noritaka , Asada Yoshimasa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeIn cryptozoospermic subjects, it may often may be difficult to secure motile sperm for assisted reproductive technology (ART). We examined the results of ART with frozen thawed ejaculated sperm in cryptozoospermic subjects and evaluated whether sperm retrieval surgery is necessary for such patients in our clinic.MethodsBetween 2013 and 2021, we evaluated 197 cryptozoospermic patients. Age, endocrine panel at the time of the initial semen analysis, and anti‐müllerian hormone levels at the time of the spouse's first egg retrieval were examined. Cryopreservation of ejaculated motile sperm collected essentially weekly over a 3‐month period was carried out. ART data recorded was the number of egg retrieval cycles, normal fertilization rate, and clinical pregnancy rate.ResultsART using frozen sperm as well as sperm ejaculated on the day of egg retrieval was possible in all cases. The normal fertilization rate was 70.4%, the clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transferred was achieved in 31.5% (870 cycles), and the live birth rate per case was 73.8%.ConclusionsIntracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was possible without sperm retrieval surgery in cryptozoospermia, resulting in 73.8% of live births per patient. Sperm identification, sperm processing, and ICSI technique are especially important in cryptozoospermia. Sperm retrieval surgery can be avoided in cryptozoospermic patients.
A Holistic Additive Protocol Steers Dendrite‐Free Zn(101) Orientational Electrodeposition
Authors: Su Yiwen , Xu Liang , Sun Yingjie , Guo Wenyi , Yang Xianzhong , Zou Yuhan , Ding Meng , Zhang Qihui , Qiao Changpeng , Dou Shixue , Cheng Tao , Sun Jingyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOrientation guidance has shown its cutting edges in electrodeposition modulation to promote Zn anode stability toward commercialized standards. Nevertheless, large‐scale orientational deposition is handicapped by the competition between Zn‐ion reduction and mass transfer. Herein, a holistic electrolyte additive protocol is put forward via incorporating bio‐derived dextrin molecules into a zinc sulfate electrolyte bath. Electrochemical tests in combination with molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate the alleviation of concentration polarization throughout accelerating Zn2+ diffusion and retarding their reduction. The predominant (101) texture on inert current collectors (i.e., Cu, Ti, and stainless steel) and (101)/(002) textures on Zn foils afford homogeneous electrical field distribution, which is contributed by the work difference to form the 2D nucleus and the adsorption of dextrin molecules, respectively. Consequently, the symmetric cell harvests a longevous cycling lifespan of over 4000 h at 0.5 mA cm−2/0.5 mAh cm−2 while the Zn@Cu electrode sustains for 240 h at a high depth of discharge of 40%.
CBD as a cure‐all? The impacts of state‐level legalization of prescription cannabidiol (CBD) on opioid prescriptions
Authors: Bersak Tim , Gearhart Richard , Michieka Nyakundi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigate the impacts of state legalization of products containing cannabidiol (CBD), a non‐psychoactive alternative to marijuana, on opioid prescribing rates. Research suggests that legalized medical marijuana may reduce opioid prescriptions, though no empirical link between CBD and opioids has been ascertained. Using county‐level prescribing rates between 2010 and 2019, as well as state‐level morphine milligram equivalent (MME) consumption of 8 common opioids, we estimate that state adoption of limited access cannabis product (CBD) laws leads to no change in opioid prescribing rates. Using supply‐side access measures for access to CBD through legal and open dispensaries, we find that the ability to purchase CBD legally leads to 6.6% to 8.1% fewer opioid prescriptions at pre‐legalization means, which suggests that access to CBD products is essential when evaluating the impacts of legalization; synthetic control model estimates suggest that legal and open dispensaries reduce opioid prescribing rates by nearly 3.5% 2 years post‐legalization. We also find that mandating CBD be purchased with an ID or through a patient registry offsets most potential benefits of CBD legalization. Our results provide the first empirical evidence that: (i) state legalization of prescription CBD alone does not reduce opioid usage; (ii) regulations limiting purchasing, such as ID laws, negate nearly all of the benefits of demand‐side legalization; and (iii) supply‐side access, either via interstate purchasing or legal and open dispensaries, are vital in using pain‐management substances to fully combat the opioid epidemic.