bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Molecular and Dust Reservoir of a Gravitationally Lensed Submillimeter Galaxy behind the Lupus I Molecular Cloud
Authors: Tamura Yoichi , Taniguchi Akio , Bakx Tom J. L. C. , De Gregorio-Monsalvo Itziar , Hagimoto Masato , Ikarashi Soh , Kawabe Ryohei , Kohno Kotaro , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Takekoshi Tatsuya , Shimajiri Yoshito , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Hatsukade Bunyo , Iono Daisuke , Matsuhara Hideo , Saigo Kazuya , Saito Masao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We report the Australian Telescope Compact Array and Nobeyama 45 m telescope detection of a remarkably bright (S
1.1mm = 44 mJy) submillimeter galaxy MM J154506.4−344318 in emission lines at 48.5 and 97.0 GHz, respectively. We also identify part of an emission line at ≈218.3 GHz using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Together with photometric redshift estimates and the ratio between the line and infrared luminosities, we conclude that the emission lines are most likely to be the J = 2–1, 4–3, and 9–8 transitions of 12CO at redshift z = 3.753 ± 0.001. ALMA 1.3 mm continuum imaging reveals an arc and a spot separated by an angular distance of

1

.

″

6

, indicative of a strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxy with respective molecular and dust masses of

log

M

mol

/

M

⊙

≈
11.5

and

log

M

dust

/

M

⊙

≈
9.4

after being corrected for ≈6.6× gravitational magnification. The inferred dust-to-gas mass ratio is found to be high (≈0.0083) among coeval dusty star-forming galaxies, implying the presence of a massive, chemically enriched reservoir of cool interstellar medium at z ≈ 4, or 1.6 Gyr after the Big Bang.
Introduction. Photographs and Algorithms
Authors: Blaschke Estelle , Bonhomme Max , Joschke Christian , Somaini Antonio 
Published: February 2025

This issue of Transbordeur explores the reciprocal relationship between photography and algorithms—artificial intelligence (AI) models, in particular—be it for the purposes of analyzing, modifying, or generating images. The issue’s introduction presents an overview of research conducted since the 1960s at the intersection of IT, computer graphics technologies (CGI) and artistic experimentation, delineating an archaeology of the algorithmic image. We look at how photography itself has been shaken to its core by the computational turn, in terms of both its practices and its ontology, and examine the fundamental role that photographic images have played as a reference point in the design of analytical and generative AI models, with “photorealism” as the goal standing on the horizon.
La génération d’images au sein du Google Research Lab
Authors: Baldridge Jason , Malevé Nicolas , Sluis Katrina 
Published: February 2025

Cet entretien réalisé le 14 décembre 2023 reproduit une conversation entre Jason Baldridge, chercheur chez Google, Nicolas Malevé et Katrina Sluis, portant sur les enjeux historiques, techniques et culturels des générateurs d’images à partir de texte (text-to-image). Ils évoquent la formation de linguiste computationnel de Baldridge et sa participation au développement du modèle Parti (Pathways Autoregressive Text-to-Image) de Google, dévoilé au public en juin 2022. En explorant les différents modèles de génération text-to-image, la discussion évoque les dynamiques du langage, de la traduction, de la sémantique et des implications socioculturelles de l’élaboration de modèles génératifs fondés sur des données textuelles, tout en soulignant le regard que portent les chercheurs sur les relations entre technologie et culture, texte et image, modèles et données d’entraînement.
Disease Awareness and Photoprotection Practices among Children and Adolescents with Albinism in Southern Nigeria: Insight from a Resource-limited Setting
Authors: Enechukwu Nkechi Anne , Anaje Chetanna Chioma , Okpala Chibuzo Ifeanyi , Nwankwo Uchenna Ezekiel , Ezejiofor Ogochukwu Ifeanyi , Malachy Divinefavour Echezona , Ozoh Gladys Angela 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Oculocutaneous albinism, prevalent in South East Nigeria, is characterized by extreme photosensitivity from melanin deficiency. Affected individuals are susceptible to photodermatoses and skin cancers from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Effective photoprotection is vital for mitigating these risks among these individuals, hence the need for heightened awareness and preventive measures. Reports highlight insufficient photoprotection across all age groups in persons with albinism (PWA). Childhood cumulative sun exposure and sunburns contribute significantly to nonmelanoma skin cancers. Consequently, understanding sun protection practices in this vulnerable population is crucial. This study delves into the under-researched topic of factors impacting disease awareness and photoprotection among children and young adult PWAs, concurrently exploring the intricate interplay between these factors. Insights gained will inform strategies for enhancing disease awareness and effective photoprotection and guide interventions to reduce photodermatoses.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted across three Nigerian states. Photoprotection data from individuals aged 0 to 19 and their caregivers were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaires.

Results:
Eighty-two participants (age: 11.22 ± 4.75) were included. Caregiver occupation showed a significant correlation with awareness of albinism, its skin complications, and sun exposure. Most participants were outdoors during peak UV hours (11 am–4 pm). Partial sun exposure was frequent (62.2%). Awareness of sunscreens was high, yet usage low (19.2%). Sunburn incidents were widespread (81.5%) and significantly linked to nonuse of sunscreens (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
Children and adolescent PWAs in Southern Nigeria lack adequate photoprotection awareness and adherence, elevating their risk of future skin cancers. There is an urgent need for targeted interventions to enhance photoprotection in this vulnerable population.
Assessment of Oral Health Status, Care Seeking Behaviours, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Indian Adults Using the World Dental Federation’s Digital Application
Authors: Balraj Lakshmi , Oswal Kunal C. , Reddy Ramana B. V. , Kunjan Pooja D. , Chandu Viswa C. , Mathur Manu R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context:
A survey was conducted in line with the World Dental Federation’s (FDI) vision for comprehensive, evidence-based oral healthcare by 2030. The study aims to collect standardised national data on the population’s oral health needs, care-seeking behaviours, and oral health-related quality of life.

Materials and Methods:
This analytical cross-sectional survey included dentists from urban and rural India and the patients visiting their facilities. The data were collected using the digital application developed by the FDI as a part of the Oral Health Observatory (OHO) project between December 2018 and April 2020 among patients seeking care at private oral healthcare practices. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and Mann–Whitney U tests were performed to analyse the study data using SPSS software.

Results:
Data of 1049 patients (61.01% males, 38.98% females, mean age 38.6 ± 12.1 years) were collected using the OHO app on their oral health-seeking behaviour and habits. Over 80% of the patients had periodontal disease. About 51.5% visited a dentist in the past year, with common barriers being the belief that there was nothing wrong with their teeth and the time constraints. High rates of daily sugar consumption (67%) and tobacco use (35%) were noted. Most dentists focused on curative over preventive care.

Conclusions:
This survey provides essential data on India’s oral health and forms an important first step in the quest of achieving universal health coverage for oral health by facilitating advocacy and aligning with FDI Vision 2030.
Optical performance of enhanced monofocal intraocular lens in presence of low degree of corneal astigmatism
Authors: Neha Neha , Bari Aafreen , Sharma Namrata , Sinha Rajesh , Maharana Prafulla Kumar , Kaur Manpreet , Titiyal Jeewan Singh , Agarwal Tushar 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
To evaluate the optical performance of an enhanced monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) in the presence of cataract and a low degree of corneal astigmatism.

Methods:
A prospective, comparative, nonrandomized study was conducted to compare the results of an enhanced monofocal IOL with a standard monofocal IOL in cases of cataract with corneal astigmatism ≥0.75 D and <1.5 D. A total of 38 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Group A patients (19) were implanted with enhanced monofocal IOLs bilaterally, and Group B patients (19) received standard monofocal IOLs bilaterally. Both groups underwent standard procedures (phacoemulsification with IOL implantation in the capsular bag), and final outcomes were analyzed after a 3-month follow up. A P value < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
The binocular uncorrected intermediate visual acuity, near visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity at 3 months was better in the enhanced monofocal group compared to the standard monofocal group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.02 respectively). The binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity at 3 months was comparable between the groups (P = 0.2); however, a higher number of cases attained visual acuity better than 6/9 in the enhanced monofocal IOL group. Post-operative higher-order aberrations were comparable between the groups. (P = 0.125).

Conclusion:
Bilateral implantation of enhanced monofocal IOLs in patients with cataract and low degrees of corneal astigmatism demonstrates better tolerance to astigmatism compared to standard monofocal IOLs. In cases with <1 D corneal astigmatism, the enhanced monofocal IOL is the preferred choice over the standard monofocal IOL.
Effect of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy on higher order aberrations in different types of posterior capsule opacification: A prospective study
Authors: Prasad R Senthil , Koshy Tony A , Sankarananthan R , Balakrishnan Logesh , Nagu Kamatchi , Shekhar Madhu 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
To evaluate higher order aberrations (HOA) in different types of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and analyze its changes following Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy (LPC).

Settings:
Tertiary care ophthalmic hospital.

Design:
Prospective, comparative, observational study.

Methods:
One hundred ninety-three pseudophakic eyes with PCO were evaluated over 3 months. PCO was classified into pearly, fibrous, and mixed types. Their uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), evaluation of posterior capsule opacification (EPCO) scoring and root mean square values of HOA (total, coma, spherical, and trefoil) were measured using a wavefront aberrometer before and after LPC.

Results:
Pearly, fibrous, and mixed PCO were observed in 89 (46.1%), 47 (24.4%), and 57 (29.5%) eyes respectively. The UCVA and CDVA showed improvement in all types of PCO post-procedure. The total HOA was 0.48 ± 0.47, 0.43 ± 0.42, 0.37 ± 0.34, and 0.76 ± 0.53, the coma aberrations were 0.18 ± 0.15, 0.18 ± 0.14, and 0.19 ± 0.19, spherical aberrations were 0.07 ± 0.12, 0.09 ± 0.12, and 0.05 ± 0.06, whereas the trefoil aberrations were 0.35 ± 0.44, 0.24 ± 0.26, and 0.21 ± 0.20, 15-day post-Nd:YAG LPC in pearly, fibrous, and mixed PCO respectively, all of which showed a significant reduction. The EPCO score showed no significant difference between different subtypes of PCO and had no correlation with the HOA.

Conclusions:
Post Nd:YAG LPC showed improvement in visual acuity with significant reduction in HOA in all types of PCO.
Treatment of Humeral Greater Tuberosity Fractures Utilizing Arthroscopic-assisted Method Compared to Open Surgical Fixation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Hablas Abdelrahman Khaled , Mahmoud Tarek Abd-Elaziz , Rakha Mohamed Ibrahim , ElSherif Mahmoud , El-Adawy Moawad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Isolated greater tuberosity (GT) fractures of the humerus account for approximately 18% of all proximal humeral fractures. It also has been found that concomitant pathologies were discovered on arthroscopic examination in 91.6% of patients who suffered from GT fracture advising to use arthroscopic reduction and fixation of the pathology. The purpose of this study is to compare two of the most used techniques of treatment for such fractures the arthroscopic VS open technique regarding the clinical, radiographical, and functional outcomes of treating patients with isolated displaced GT.

Patients and Methods:
This prospective open randomized controlled interventional trial at Suez Canal University Hospital included 30 patients. Patients were allocated into two equal groups: the case Group I; whose patients underwent arthroscopic-assisted fixation and the control Group II; whose patients underwent open reduction and fixation. The average follow-up period was about 12 months after the operation. Operation time, intraoperative parameters, postoperative clinical and radiological outcomes, and complications were compared between the two groups.

Results:
The mean operative time for the Group I was 86.20 (±12.68) minutes where the arthroscope was used to examine the glenohumeral joint and subacromial space together with addressing the concomitant injuries mean awhile, the operative time for Group II was 59.80 (±6.13) minutes. The radiological union was not different in both groups with 2.27 (±0.458) months. The mean Constant–Murley score (CS) in Group I was 86.07 (±10.85) at which 9 patients achieved excellent results 4 patients with good results and 2 patients with fair results according to the score, whereas the mean CS in Group II was 80.53 (±12.16) at which 7 patients achieved excellent results, 5 patients with good results and 3 patients with fair results which shows statistically significant difference between the two groups. The Visual Analog Scale score was statistically significantly lower among participants of Group I at the end of the follow-up (<0.001) with average in the Group I of 0.67 (±0.90) points and the Group II average was 0.80 (±0.77). The mean flexion and abduction in Group I at the final visit were 158.67 (±11.70) and 153.33 (±18.09), respectively, whereas the mean flexion and abduction in Group II were 152.00 (±15.33) and 142.67 (±19.35), respectively.

Conclusion:
Shoulder arthroscopy is a useful adjuvant tool to understand the severity and complexity of acute GT fracture, where it could be used in the reduction and fixation of GT fracture enabling excellent visualization of the fracture with minimal soft-tissue disruption and blood loss.
Comparison of Proanthocyanidin and EDTA in Enhancing Shear Bond Strength of Giomer and Cention N to Human Dentin: An In vitro Study
Authors: Shetty Shobana , Rai Namith , Shetty Kushal , Mayya Arun , Chatra Akshatha , Shetty Preethish 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:
Achieving durable bonding to dentin remains a challenge in restorative dentistry due to its complex structure and composition. Conditioning agents, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and proanthocyanidins (PACs), are used to modify the smear layer and enhance adhesion. PACs have shown promise in improving bond strength through collagen cross-linking. This in vitro study compared the effects of 17% EDTA and PAC conditioning on the shear bond strength of Giomer and Cention N to human dentin.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty extracted human premolars and molars were randomly divided into three conditioning groups (n = 20 per group): 17% EDTA (MD-Cleanser, Meta Biomed Co. Ltd., Cheongju, Korea), 6.5% PAC solution, and an intact smear layer (control). Each conditioning group was further subdivided (n = 10 per subgroup) based on the restorative material: Giomer (Beautifil II, Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan) and Cention N (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Shear bond strength was measured using an Instron universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results:
PAC conditioning resulted in the highest mean shear bond strength (5.34 ± 1.93 MPa), significantly higher than the intact smear layer (3.77 ± 1.74 MPa; mean difference = 1.57 MPa, P = 0.008). No statistically significant difference was found between PAC and 17% EDTA (4.55 ± 1.64 MPa). Giomer (5.33 ± 1.86 MPa) exhibited significantly greater shear bond strength than Cention N (3.78 ± 1.52 MPa; mean difference = 1.55 MPa, P < 0.001) across all conditioning methods.

Conclusion:
PAC conditioning significantly improved the shear bond strength of Giomer and Cention N to dentin compared to the intact smear layer. Giomer demonstrated superior bond strength compared to Cention N regardless of the conditioning agent used. These findings suggest that PAC may be a promising dentin conditioning agent for enhancing the durability of bonded restorations. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these in vitro findings.
Efficacy of Two-Point Rigid Internal Fixation of Fronto-Zygomatic Suture and Zygomatic Buttress: An Original Research
Authors: Chaitanya Ghanta , Sushma Bezawada , Dubey Shubham , Chaturvedi Mudita , Gupta Sameer , Shah Shahi Jahan , Anand Rahul 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Common facial injuries with major functional and cosmetic consequences are zygomatic complex fractures. To maintain facial symmetry and functionality, proper fixation is essential. The effectiveness of two-point stiff internal fixation at the zygomatic buttress and fronto-zygomatic suture is assessed in this study.

Objective:
In the treatment of zygomatic complicated fractures, to evaluate clinical results, complication rates, and patient satisfaction after two-point rigid internal fixation.

Methods:
Fifty patients receiving treatment for isolated zygomatic complex fractures between January 2021 and December 2022 participated in a prospective trial. Titanium mini plates and screws were used to perform two-point stiff internal fixation on the patients. Using SPSS software, data on clinical outcomes, radiographic proof of fracture reduction, functional outcomes, aesthetically pleasing results, and complications were logged and examined.

Results:
The patients’ female-to-male ratio of 1:3 and their mean age was 35.4 years. Radiographic evaluation showed satisfactory fracture reduction in 96% of cases. Functional outcomes were excellent in 90% of patients. The complication rate was 8%, with infections 4%, hardware failure 2%, and malunion 2%. No significant scarring or persistent facial asymmetry was observed.

Conclusion:
A safe and dependable technique for treating zygomatic complex fractures, two-point rigid internal fixation at the fronto-zygomatic suture, and zygomatic buttress provides good clinical and cosmetic results with a minimal rate of complications—longer follow-up times and bigger sample sizes in future research.
Effective fingerprinting database construction through digital map‐based RF signal modeling and partial measurements in indoor environments
Authors: Lee Jung Ho , Kim Taehun , Cho Youngsu , Jeon Juil , Han Kyeongsoo , Lee Taikjin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis paper presents a radio‐frequency (RF) signal modeling technology that builds a fingerprinting database for indoor localization quickly and accurately. Fingerprinting‐based localization technology uses location‐specific signal characteristics as a database; therefore, it is less sensitive to multipath problems. The proposed approach predicts signal propagation paths and calculates attenuation based on an indoor map, reducing infrastructure installation and data collection time. Because the indoor map lacks accurate information about all structures, the modeling results contain errors when compared to measurements. To address this, measurements from a partial area improve modeling accuracy by accounting for received signal strength changes caused by indoor structures. In experiments with seven beacons, the proposed database construction method achieves an average error of 5.16 dBm and a localization error of 1.61 m, comparable to the 1.14‐m error in measurement‐based databases, while reducing database construction time by 41.06%. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technology in rapidly and accurately building databases for indoor localization.
Actividad electromiográfica, dolor, discapacidad y percepción de mejoría en dolor cervical crónico en fisioterapia multimodal
Authors: Jardim Marco , Moço Diogo , Sabido João , Correia Mariana , Domingues Lúcia 
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Pocos estudios han explorado el curso clínico en pacientes con dolor cervical crónico. Comprender su evolución clínica puede ayudar a los clínicos a evaluar los resultados individuales, definir objetivos y establecer un pronóstico.
Objetivo: Describir el curso clínico de pacientes con dolor cervical crónico inespecífico (DCIC) en respuesta a un programa de fisioterapia multimodal.
Metodología: Un total de 15 pacientes con DCIC participaron en un programa de fisioterapia multimodal de seis semanas. Las evaluaciones basales incluyeron características sociodemográficas e historia clínica de dolor de cuello. Las principales medidas de resultado fueron actividad muscular cervical, dolor, discapacidad y percepción global de mejoría. Se emplearon pruebas de Friedman y post hoc con corrección de Bonferroni para el análisis estadístico. Resultados: Todas las variables estudiadas variaron significativamente (p<0,001) a lo largo del programa. En las primeras 3 semanas, la actividad muscular del esternocleidomastoideo y del escaleno anterior disminuyó significativamente en un 64% y 24%, respectivamente. También se observaron mejoras clínicas tempranas en todas las variables autoinformadas, con una reducción del dolor y la discapacidad del 50% y 24% al final de la tercera semana de intervención.
Discusión: Pacientes con DCIC sometidos con un programa de fisioterapia multimodal que incluye ejercicios específicos de control motor pueden experimentar una influencia a corto plazo en la actividad de los músculos superficiales del cuello y una reducción de los síntomas.
Conclusiones: Los resultados del presente estudio pueden ser útiles para diseñar ensayos clínicos que determinen si las mejoras se deben al tratamiento o a la recuperación natural del estado.
Analysis of corrosion behavior transition of Q235 mild steel with the ionic concentration in oil production water simulation solutions
Authors: Cao Fengting , Ding Yuzhi , Chen Yong , Zhang Yuanhu , Li Tao , Wang Tiegang , Fan Qixiang , Liu Yanmei , Liu Qi , Zhu Yunqin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To investigate the influence of the concentrations of metal cations Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl- in oil production water on the corrosion of Q235 steel, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curves were employed to quantitatively assess the electrochemical properties of Q235 steel. The results showed that the surface of the sample gradually changed from active dissolution to passivation state with the increase of solution concentration, and the corrosion was significantly restrained at high ion content. When the solution medium concentration is (4.92mol/LNaCl+0.165mol/L CaCl2+0.054mol/L MgCl2·6H2O), Q235 steel performs optimality-corrosion property. XRD and Raman analysis reveal that the corrosion products in the solution are mainly composed of calcium and magnesium ion complex carbonate (Mg3Ca(CO3)4), γ-FeOOH, as well as iron oxides Fe2O3 and Fe3O4. Among them, Mg3Ca(CO3)4 and γ-FeOOH, as a sedimentary layer, have excellent corrosion resistance, which do not exist at low ionic concentration(where there were iron oxides only) and gradually emerge with the rise of Mg2+ and Ca2+. This is crucial for the anti-corrosion performance of Q235 steel, and also responsible for the active-passive corrosion transition behavior.