bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Physical Properties of Turmeric Rhizomes About to Design a Metering Mechanism for Turmeric Planting
Authors: Venkat Regatti , Reddy K. V. S. Rami , Kumar A. Ashok , Babu R. Ganesh , Rao Ch. Someswara 
Published: November 2023

Aims: Turmeric production is facing the labour shortage during peak operations like planting and harvesting. There are different methods in turmeric planting which require different amount of manual energy. The objective of the study was to investigate the physical properties of turmeric seed rhizomes and to optimize the design parameters of Automatic turmeric planter.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Farm machinery and power engineering, Dr NTR CAE Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh during the year 2021-22
Methodology: Turmeric seed material is not available directly in the market like other seeds or seedlings. There is some procedure is fallowed by farming community for turmeric seed rhizome preparation. To design a metering mechanism of a turmeric planter, information related to geometrical properties such as length, breadth, thickness and density are necessary. Frictional parameters are also measured to design hopper of the planter which facilitates free flow of seed rhizomes during planting operation.
Results: The length of finger rhizome used as seed material in turmeric cultivation ranged from 3.7 to 5.5 cm. Average breadth and thickness of seed rhizomes are 2.1 and 1.7 cm respectively. Average weight of turmeric seed rhizome was found to be 15.5 g with an equivalent diameter of 2.45 cm. Bulk density and true density of seed rhizome was found to be 640 and 1040 kg m-3, respectively. Angle of repose was noted as 36.80°. The coefficient of static friction on mild steel sheet for different varieties found to varied between of 0.75–0.85.
Conclusion: Familiarization of turmeric planting methods and seed material preparation procedures helps in proper investigation of seed rhizomes. By measuring all these physical properties, optimum values for the design of a turmeric planter which delivers the required seed rate at desired plant spacing was obtained.
Evaluation of Different Genotypes of Late Kharif Onion (Allium cepa L.) Under the Gangetic Plains of West Bengal, India
Authors: Jana Koushik , Thapa Umesh , Kundu Sourav , Hansda Narendra Nath , Ray Koushik , Tamang Dupchen 
Published: November 2023

Aim: Onions, (Allium cepa L.) is one of the highly significant bulbs crops extensively cultivated in India. The investigation entitled “Evaluation of different genotypes of Late Kharif Onion (Allium Cepa L.) under the Gangetic plains of West Bengal”is aimed at suggesting the more locally suitable genotypes to the farmer as well as the researchers.
Study Design: The experiment was conducted in randomized block design (RBD) with seven genotypes and they were randomized in three replications. This Experiment deals with seven different late kharif onion genotypes which consist of viz. Bhima Shakti, Bhima Kiran, Bhima Raj, DOGR-1605, NHRDF-Red-2, DOGR-1606 and PRO-7.
Place and Duration of Study: The research investigation was conducted at C-Block farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal during the year 2022- 2023.
Methodology: 30 days old seedlings were transplanted at 15 cm between lines and 10 cm within it. All other intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Harvesting of bulbs was done at maturity stage. Biometrical observations and yield attributing characters were recorded from randomly selected 10 plants from each replication and the quality parameters were evaluated from randomly selected 5 plants.
Results: From the present investigation it was found that the late kharif onion genotype Bhima Shakti emerged with the highest yield (285.80 q-ha) but in terms of other quality parameters the genotype NHRDF-Red-2 found quite good in TSS (14.12 ̊ B) and pyruvic acid content of (6.24 µmol-g), whereas genotypes Bhima Raj, exhibits lowest total sugar of (2.40 %) and reducing sugar of (2.13%).
Conclusion: Although from the above experiment it may be concluded that in case of late kharif onion genotypes the genotypes Bhima Shakti, Bhima Raj and NHRDF-Red-2 performed well.
Therapeutic Itinerary of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital, West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Sibylle Yimelong Tsayem , Charles Kouam Kouam , Kingue Samuel , Ngoufo Nguemaim Flore , Isah Mohamed , Eni Egbe Sangasu , Ivan Misonge Kapnang , Ekongefeyin Sintieh N. N. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Cardiovascular diseases have emerged as a growing public health problem worldwide, with heart failure being the end point of a greater majority of poorly diagnosed and managed heart diseases. In Sub-Saharan Africa, traditional medicine still has a remarkable influence on health care systems, and in Cameroon, the referral/counter-referral system thought to be implemented is not efficiently applied. Heart failure patients fall amongst the group of victims affected by this problem. Many studies have been carried on heart failure in Cameroon, but data on this subject remains sparse.
Objective: To identify the therapeutic itinerary adopted by symptomatic patients with chronic heart failure seen at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital (BRH) and determine the outcome following management by cardiologists, so as to provide results-driven interventions to increase the rate of early management of heart failure by appropriate health services and limit complications due to wrong therapeutic orientations.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried, from February 2019 to May 2019 at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital. A consecutive sampling technique using objective-related structured questionnaire was used to select patients aged above 18 years seen at the study site. Data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 23. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The BRH Cardiologist consultation was the 1st station sought by 32 (23.7%) of patients. We found 14.8% of cases and 8.9% who had as first therapeutic stations home management and traditional healers respectively. Majority of participants went through a total of 2 stations, 60 (44.4%), and only 5 (3.7%) went through 5 therapeutic stations. Most participants (36.3%), delayed for 1-3 weeks after onset of symptoms before seeking a means of intervention. NYHA (New York Heart Association) stages were generally improved after cardiologists’ follow up (54.1% and 26.7% for stages I and II respectively), compared to that before entry (0.7% stage I, 41.5% stage II, 38.5% stage 3, and 19.3% stage IV), which was statistically significant with P < 0.0005.
Conclusion: There is a high proportion of HF patients who do no adopt an ideal therapeutic itinerary following the health pyramid from the onset of symptoms, hence the need to educate the population on cardinal signs of heart failure, especially patients with known risk factors, and to encourage the referral of patients in order to limit complications between the onset of symptoms till cardiologist consultation.
Effects of Orientation Training Provided to Students Going Abroad with the Erasmus Program
Authors: Şahin Beyza , Göksoy Süleyman 
Published: November 2023

This study, which was conducted with data obtained from students studying at Düzce University and benefiting from the Erasmus program, aimed to reveal how orientation training for students going abroad within the scope of the Erasmus Program contributes to students in academic, social and personal aspects.
Research results show that orientation training strengthens social relations between students, provides general satisfaction, and offers benefits in different educational fields. According to the results of the study, students state that the orientation training serves the purpose of introducing the local culture, meeting the authorities, adapting, getting to know international students and exploring the university.
The results of the study show that the duration of orientation training generally varies between two hours and one week, and this time is sufficient for students. However, some students stated that they did not make any personal contribution. This suggests that orientation programs need to be better designed and focus more on students' needs.
In conclusion, the research emphasizes that orientation training helps new students adapt to university life and encourages them to establish social relationships. The content, duration and methods of orientation programs should be arranged in accordance with the needs of the students. In this way, orientation training will help students have a more positive and successful university experience. This research provides an important guide for universities to develop their orientation programs.
Rising Incidence of Syphilitic Uveitis–Related Hospitalizations in the US
Authors: Mir Tahreem A. , Kim Stephen J. , Fang Wei , Harvey Justin , Hinkle David M. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceThe number of syphilis cases continues to increase in the US every year since 2001 with a 74% increase observed since 2017. In addition, there remains a national shortage of injectable penicillin G. Despite the increase in reported cases, to the authors’ knowledge, there has been no recent nationwide study investigating the trends in incidence of syphilitic uveitis.ObjectiveTo evaluate the national and regional incidence of syphilitic uveitis–related hospitalizations in the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was queried to identify all inpatient admissions with a diagnosis of syphilitic uveitis in the US between the years 2010 and 2019. Analyses were performed to determine baseline sociodemographic characteristics and identify national and regional trends in incidence. All patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of syphilis, uveitis, and/or syphilitic uveitis were eligible for inclusion. Statistical analysis of study data took place in June 2023.ExposureDiagnosis of syphilis, uveitis, and/or syphilitic uveitis on inpatient admissions during the years 2010 to 2019 in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was to determine trends in the national and regional incidence of syphilitic uveitis–related hospitalizations in the US. Secondary outcome measures included sociodemographic characteristics of patients with syphilitic uveitis, incidence stratified by sex and race and ethnicity, and median charge per syphilitic uveitis hospital admission.ResultsFrom the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, inpatient data from 444 674 patients (median [IQR] age, 53 [37-67] years; 54.8% male) were analyzed. There were an estimated 5581 syphilitic uveitis–related hospitalizations during the 10-year study period. The median (IQR) age of individuals with syphilitic uveitis was 45 (35-55) years, and 4395 patients (78.9%) were male. Syphilitic uveitis disproportionately affected African American individuals (1787 patients [32%], although they compose 13.6% of the population) and those belonging to the lowest median household income quartile (2163 [38.8%]). The national incidence was 0.15 per 100 000 population and showed an increasing trend over the years, with the lowest incidence in 2011 (0.08 per 100 000 population) and the highest incidence in 2019 (0.23 per 100 000 population; P = .04). Regional analysis showed an increase in incidence across all 4 US geographical regions. A total of 1293 patients (23.2%) had comorbid AIDS.Conclusion and RelevanceAlthough this cross-sectional study only captured inpatient diagnosis, an increasing incidence of syphilitic uveitis–related hospitalizations was observed in the US between 2010 and 2019. Given the concomitant national shortage of injectable penicillin G, results suggest that clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for syphilis when evaluating patients with intraocular inflammation.
Risk of Mortality Following Surgery in Patients With a Previous Cardiovascular Event
Authors: Chalitsios Christos V. , Luney Matthew S. , Lindsay William A. , Sanders Robert D. , McKeever Tricia M. , Moppett Iain 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceThere is a lack of consensus regarding the interval of time-dependent postoperative mortality risk following acute coronary syndrome or stroke.ObjectiveTo determine the magnitude and duration of risk associated with the time interval between a preoperative cardiovascular event and 30-day postoperative mortality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a longitudinal retrospective population-based cohort study. This study linked data from the Hospital Episode Statistics for National Health Service England, Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project and the Office for National Statistics mortality registry. All adults undergoing a National Health Service–funded noncardiac, nonneurologic surgery in England between April 1, 2007, and March 31, 2018, registered in Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care were included. Data were analyzed from July 2021 to July 2022.ExposureThe time interval between a previous cardiovascular event (acute coronary syndrome or stroke) and surgery.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were postoperative mortality at 60, 90, and 365 days. Multivariable logistic regression models with restricted cubic splines were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios.ResultsThere were 877 430 patients with and 20 582 717 without a prior cardiovascular event (overall mean [SD] age, 53.4 [19.4] years; 11 577 157 [54%] female). Among patients with a previous cardiovascular event, the time interval associated with increased risk of postoperative mortality was surgery within 11.3 months (95% CI, 10.8-11.7), with subgroup risks of 14.2 months before elective surgery (95% CI, 13.3-15.3) and 7.3 months for emergency surgery (95% CI, 6.8-7.8). Heterogeneity in these timings was noted across many surgical specialties. The time-dependent risk intervals following stroke and myocardial infarction were similar, but the absolute risk was greater following a stroke. Regarding surgical urgency, the risk of 30-day mortality was higher in those with a prior cardiovascular event for emergency surgery (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.34-1.37) and an elective procedure (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.78-1.89) than those without a prior cardiovascular event.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, surgery within 1 year of an acute coronary syndrome or stroke was associated with increased postoperative mortality before reaching a new baseline, particularly for elective surgery. This information may help clinicians and patients balance deferring the potential benefits of the surgery against the desire to avoid increased mortality from overly expeditious surgery after a recent cardiovascular event.
Prediction of patient‐specific quality assurance for volumetric modulated arc therapy using radiomics‐based machine learning with dose distribution
Authors: Ishizaka Natsuki , Kinoshita Tomotaka , Sakai Madoka , Tanabe Shunpei , Nakano Hisashi , Tanabe Satoshi , Nakamura Sae , Mayumi Kazuki , Akamatsu Shinya , Nishikata Takayuki , Takizawa Takeshi , Yamada Takumi , Sakai Hironori , Kaidu Motoki , Sasamoto Ryuta , Ishikawa Hiroyuki , Utsunomiya Satoru 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeWe sought to develop machine learning models to predict the results of patient‐specific quality assurance (QA) for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), which were represented by several dose‐evaluation metrics—including the gamma passing rates (GPRs)—and criteria based on the radiomic features of 3D dose distribution in a phantom.MethodsA total of 4,250 radiomic features of 3D dose distribution in a cylindrical dummy phantom for 140 arcs from 106 clinical VMAT plans were extracted. We obtained the following dose‐evaluation metrics: GPRs with global and local normalization, the dose difference (DD) in 1% and 2% passing rates (DD1% and DD2%) for 10% and 50% dose threshold, and the distance‐to‐agreement in 1‐mm and 2‐mm passing rates (DTA1 mm and DTA2 mm) for 0.5%/mm and 1.0%.mm dose gradient threshold determined by measurement using a diode array in patient‐specific QA. The machine learning regression models for predicting the values of the dose‐evaluation metrics using the radiomic features were developed based on the elastic net (EN) and extra trees (ET) models. The feature selection and tuning of hyperparameters were performed with nested cross‐validation in which four‐fold cross‐validation is used within the inner loop, and the performance of each model was evaluated in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE), the mean absolute error (MAE), and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.ResultsThe RMSE and MAE for the developed machine learning models ranged from <1% to nearly <10% depending on the dose‐evaluation metric, the criteria, and dose and dose gradient thresholds used for both machine learning models. It was advantageous to focus on high dose region for predicating global GPR, DDs, and DTAs. For certain metrics and criteria, it was possible to create models applicable for patients’ heterogeneity by training only with dose distributions in phantom.ConclusionsThe developed machine learning models showed high performance for predicting dose‐evaluation metrics especially for high dose region depending on the metric and criteria. Our results demonstrate that the radiomic features of dose distribution can be considered good indicators of the plan complexity and useful in predicting measured dose evaluation metrics.
Exploration on 3D imaging model construction of clothing fitting based on virtual reality technology
Authors: Ren Jingyuan , Hu Xiaoyan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the continuous development of virtual reality technology (VRt), the clothing industry has begun to use VRt to build three‐dimensional clothing fitting models, which provide consumers with a comprehensive range of fitting effects. However, the traditional 3D (three‐dimensional) imaging model construction method for clothing has certain shortcomings. For example, the construction of fitting models is a process from planar to three‐dimensional, while the three‐dimensional fitting model is a process from two‐dimensional to three‐dimensional, which makes it impossible for users to obtain a more intuitive, visual, and comprehensive fitting effect during fitting. On the basis of summarizing the existing methods for building 3D imaging models of clothing, this paper proposed a method for building 3D clothing fitting models based on VRt and applied it to actual clothing fitting. This provided consumers with a comprehensive method for fitting clothing, thereby improving the shopping efficiency and quality of consumers when purchasing clothing. The research results show that the proportion of positive evaluations using VRt systems was 92%, while the proportion of positive evaluations using conventional technology systems was only 10%, indicating a positive relationship between VRt and the construction of 3D imaging models for clothing fitting. The VRt‐based clothing fitting system has strong practical significance, but it is still in the preliminary exploration stage. The system proposed in this paper does not include face modeling function. Therefore, in the future, we can consider adding a face reconstruction module to build a more personalized human model through photo reconstruction and other ways.
Back Contact Plasma Treatment Enables 14.5% Efficient Solution‐Processed CuIn(S,Se)2 Solar Cells
Authors: Li Xinyu , Ma Chengfeng , Liu Naiyun , Xiang Chunxu , Wei Shuxia , Yan Weibo , Huang Wei , Xin Hao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSolution‐processed chalcopyrite thin film solar cells have made great progress but still lag behind the vacuum‐based ones due to inferior absorber quality and non‐ideal interfaces. Here, plasma treatment of the molybdenum (Mo) substrate is reported to modify the back interface and improve the efficiency of solution‐processed copper indium sulfoselenide (CuIn(S,Se)2, CISSe) solar cells. The results show plasma treatment oxides the surface Mo/MoO2 to high oxidation oxides MoO3‐x (0 ≤ x < 1). The higher surface polarity greatly improves the wettability of the substrate to the precursor solution and results in formation of more compact and uniform precursor film, which grows to void‐free larger grains absorber film with better adhesion to the substrate. In addition, the much higher chemical stability of MoO3‐x than Mo significantly reduces the thickness of high resistive MoSe2 layer. The improved absorber quality and back interface property decreases charge carrier recombination in the absorber and back contact interface, resulting in 14.53% efficiency solution‐processed CISSe solar cell, which is improved by 13% compared to device without plasma treatment.
Microenvironment Modulation of Ultrathin Bronze‐Phase TiO2 Nanosheets for Highly Selective Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction in Water
Authors: Jia Changchao , Wan Bingjie , Liu Wengang , Qi Linguang , Liu Xiaoxue , Han Xinxin , Gao Ailin , Liu Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhotocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O provides a promising and sustainable pathway to produce valuable chemicals and fuels. However, the low efficiency of CO2 reduction and the concomitant competition of H2 evolution pose serious challenges to practical applications. Herein, a novel approach is proposed to modulate the surface microenvironment of photocatalysts by utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A bronze‐phase TiO2 (TB) composed of ultrathin nanosheet with a thickness of ∼3 nm is fabricated and employed as the model catalyst for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. H2O2 molecules are presumed to be bonded to the ultrathin TB surface to form the TB‐H2O2 (TBHO) active specie. The newly generated TBHO enhances the CO2 adsorption and accelerates mass transfer, and the weakly acidic microenvironment of the catalyst surface serves the purpose of mediating the proton‐coupled electron transfer path. Consequently, ultrathin TB nanosheets assisted by H2O2 show an excellent CO generation rate of 29.1 µmol−1 g−1 h−1 (which is 11.2‐fold higher than that of pure TB) in water, and the selectivity toward CO is nearly 100%. This work underscores the importance of tailoring the catalyst surface microenvironment to promote the CO2 reduction while minimizing the H2 generation in pure water.