bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normal outcome of pregnancy in chronic myeloid leukemia treated with interferon‐α in 1sttrimester: Report of 3 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Mubarak A.A.S. , Kakil I.R. , Awidi A. , Al‐Homsi U. , Fawzi Z. , Kelta M. , Al‐Hassan A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThree patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) in chronic phase received Interferon‐α during pregnancy, starting from the 1sttrimester. No maternal complications were reported. The 3 patients delivered normal looking babies apart from one baby who was found to have transient mild thrombocytopenia. Subsequently these children were followed for 30, 12, and 4 months and all had normal growth and development. Am. J. Hematol. 69:115–118, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using homework in therapy for depression
Authors: Garland Anne , Scott Jan 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThere is a growing body of research evidence that demonstrates that completion of homework assignments is significantly correlated with outcome in cognitive therapy. The cognitive model of depression sees homework as an intrinsic aspect of the therapy process. Homework serves a number of purposes, including generalizing learning from the session into everyday life and fostering the independent practice of skills acquired during treatment. We review a number of commonly occurring problems that arise when seeking to engage the client in homework. The negotiation and implementation of homework assignments is a core clinical skill, and we present a range of strategies the clinician can use to optimize its effectiveness. It is vital that practitioners have an awareness of their own role and expectations in developing homework assignments. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session 58: 489–498, 2002.
Interannual variability of European winter weather: the potential vorticity insight
Authors: Massacand Alexia C. , Davies Huw C. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractConsideration of well‐established teleconnection patterns account for only a moderate part of European winter variations. Here January interannual variability is examined from a potential vorticity perspective and this yields a reappraisal of the pattern structure and link to European winter weather. The influence of a novel hemispheric pattern in particular is detected. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society.
Stimulation of human embryonic lung fibroblasts by TGF‐β and PDGF acting in synergism. The role of Cell Density.
Authors: Stathakos D. , Psarras S. , Kletsas D. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe concerted action of TGF‐β and PDGF on a diploid human embryonic lung fibroblast cell strain (Flow 2002) grown in an homologous environment is investigated here. In sparse cultures, TGF‐β stimulates DNA synthesis over a broad concentration range (0.1‐10 ng/ml). Furthermore, it acts in synergism with PDGF, a phenomenon which persists also during in vitro aging of the cells. Preincubation of TGF‐β with the fibroblasts up to 12 hours reduces the subsequent PDGF binding to the cells, while prolonged preincubation restores PDGF binding to control levels. Finally, in cultures of higher cell densities, TGF‐β ceases to stimulate DNA synthesis, whereas PDGF continues even at cell confluency, retains its stimulatory activity suggesting different roles for the two growth factors during the wound healing process.
Transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells as model system for cytokine immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridisation.
Authors: Mueller Regula , Junker Udo , Wagner Kathrin , Heusser Christoph , Bullock Gillian 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe presence of cytokine producing cells is most easily revealed by techniques measuring the secreted cytokines in culture supernatants or body fluids. However, these techniques only measure the bulk cytokine release by a given, often mixed cell population. To demonstrate cytokine production at the single cell level, immunocytochemistry (ICC) and in situ hybridisation (ISH) are now widely used techniques. To establish these techniques, an easily accessible model system is needed which permits the evaluation of different ICC and ISH protocols. It can be used to demonstrate the specificity of the antibodies and may serve as a positive control for samples of unknown cytokine content. Here we propose the use of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected to express one specific cytokine as such a model system. Its usefulness is demonstrated by the characterisation of six monoclonal antibodies to human interleukin‐4 and the establishment of two in situ hybridisation protocols.
Retraction of cultured endothelial cell monolayer by human breast cancer cells, MCF‐7.
Authors: Yoshioka Kiyoko , Mukai Mutsuko , Shinkai Kiyoko , Akedo Hitoshi 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA human breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7), when sealed on confluent bovine pulmonary aortic endothelial cell (CPAE) monolayers, induced morphological changes (retraction) in CPAE cells. The area of retraction depended on the incubation time and the number of MCF‐7 cells, suggesting that MCF‐7 cells had the capacity to retract CPAE cells. This capacity was reduced by 60% by pretreatment of MCF‐7 cells with 17β‐estradiol (E) and progesterone (Pg). The extent of retraction was not affected by the addition of various protease inhibitors. CPAE retraction was induced also by adding conditioned medium (CM) from the culture of MCF‐7 cells. Considerably less activity was detected in the CM obtained from MCF‐7 cells cultured in the presence of E and Pg. The retraction was reversed in 24 h by culturing the monolayer in fresh medium without CM and was not induced by trypsin treatment of the CM.
Sensitivity of 3T3 cells to low serum concentration and the associated problems of serum withdrawal.
Authors: Yin Zhikang , Wheatley Denys N. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe sensitivity of cells to serum deprivation depends upon whether they are transformed. Most supplies of 3T3 cells are of this type and are considerably less sensitive than untransformed cells. In addition, the apparently simple manoeuvre of reducing serum levels has considerable effects on cell fragility, viability, growth rate and metabolism, which were found to be due to small changes in pH, substrate availability, cell density and other parameters, many of which cannot be attributed to the absence of growth factors from the medium. Supplementation of medium with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to compensate for low normal serum protein did not aid growth nor offset the disturbances caused by low serum levels themselves. Problems associated with the altered precursor availability for DNA, RNA and protein synthesis are also discussed.
Effects of hypothermia on the survival and cryopreservation of minipig ileal cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells.
Authors: Kaeffer B. , Uriel I. Garcia , Bottreau E. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTTemperature of culture can be used to modulate cellular metabolism for improving small intestinal cell culture and cryopreservation. An hypothermia pretreatment (2 days at 25°C and 3 hours recovery at 37°C) improved hamster cell survival to freeze‐thaw damage (p < 0.01) but decreased the survival of 2 immortal pig ileal cell lines even though epithelioid IPI‐2I cells were more tolerant to hypothermia than IPI‐I fibroblasts. Epithelioid cells survived 3 days at 25°C with unaltered expression of cytokeratin‐18 whereas colonies of fibroblasts did not survive more than a day at 25°C (p < 0.001). These results suggest that hypothermia‐tolerance of pig ileal cell lines might differ according to cell lineage calling for further experiments on small intestinal primary cell culture.
Aphidicolin induces myogenic differentiation in the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line KFR.
Authors: Cinatl Jindrich , Cinatl Jaroslav , Driever Pablo Hernáiz , Rabenau Holger , Novak Milos , Stefanik Milan , Kornhuber Bernhard , Doerr Hans‐Wilhelm 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTThe effects of aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase α, on cell growth, DNA synthesis and myogenic differentiation in the human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cell line KFR were studied. The treatment with aphidicolin at 5 × 10−6 M concentration, which completely inhibited DNA synthesis and cell growth, induced morphological differentiation of small mononuclear cells to elongated, multinucleated (myotube‐like) structures. The morphological differentiation was accompanied by the expression of skeletal muscle myosin; about 30% myosin‐positive cells were observed after 14 days of treatment, compared to 2.3% in untreated cultures. The results showed that aphidicolin induces differentiation of human rhabdomyosarcoma cells and that multinucleated myotube‐like elements may develop simply by cell fusion without cell division and DNA synthesis.
Speed‐mapping of arsenic distribution in the tissues of earthworms inhabiting arsenious soil.
Authors: Morgan A. J. , Winters C. , Yarwood A. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTWe have examined the distribution of arsenic in the metal‐sequestering chloragogenous tissue of a population of the earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus, exposed to the metalloid in its natural environment. The localization technique was qualitative digital X‐ray speed mapping (2 minute total acquisition time) of fresh air dried tissue smears. Arsenic was located in association with sulphur in a discrete chloragocytic compartment; it was not detected in the phosphate‐rich chloragosome granules. In earthworm tissues arsenic was distributed according to its sulphydryl‐seeking trivalent form, not as the phosphate‐resembling pentavalent form.
Demonstration of a β‐type adaptin at the plant plasma membrane
Authors: Drucker Martin , Herkt Burghard , Robinson David G. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTHighly purified plasma membrane was prepared from etiolated zucchini hypocotyls, developing pea cotyledons and suspension‐cultured soybean cells by phase partitioning and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The brain β‐adaptin monoclonal antibody B1/M6, which recognizes a similar adaptin in zucchini clathrin coated vesicles, cross‐reacted with an electrophoretically identical polypeptide in the plant plasma membrane fractions. Immunogold labelling of thin sections of soybean cells confirmed the presence of the β‐adaptin at the plasma membrane. The presence of this adaptin at the Golgi apparatus could not be demonstrated unequivocally.
Factors influencing myofibroblast differentiation during wound healing and fibrosis.
Authors: Desmoulière A. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTGranulation tissue fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) develop several ultrastructural and biochemical features of smooth muscle (SM) cells, including the presence of microfilaments bundles and the expression of α‐SM actin, the actin isoform typical of contractile vascular SM cells. Myofibroblasts have been suggested to play a role in wound contraction and in retractile phenomena observed during fibrotic diseases. When granulation tissue evolves into a scar, myofibroblasts containing α‐SM actin disappear, probably as a result of apoptosis. In contrast, myofibroblasts expressing α‐SM actin persist in excessive scarring and in fibrotic conditions. The mechanisms leading to the development of myofibroblastic features remain to be investigated. Studies on the factors regulating the phenotype of myofibroblasts will be necessary for understanding their behavior in vivo, and possibly modifying this behavior during the different clinical settings.
Photoreactive (caged) cyclic AMP analogs induce DNA synthesis in mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Yuh In‐Sub , Sheffield Lewis G. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractDimethoxy‐2‐nitrobenzyl adenosine‐3′,5′ cyclic monophosphate (DMNB) is a metabolically active, photolabile cyclic AMP analog that yields free cyclic AMP upon UV hydrolysis. The analog is useful in that it permits short term, transient elevations of intracellular cyclic AMP. Addition of DMNB (1‐10 μM) to mouse mammary epithelial cells, followed by UV irradiation of cells, caused a significant increase in DNA synthesis over that observed with controls, UV irradiation alone or DMNB alone. In subsequent studies, DMNB exhibited a modest, but statistically significant, interaction with epidermal growth factor in promoting DNA synthesis. Effects of DMNB were observed if DNA synthesis was measured as either 3H‐thymidine incorporation into DNA or as percent S‐phase cells. These results indicate that previously observed effects of agents such as cholera toxin and phosphodiesterase resistant cyclic AMP analogs on mammary epithelial proliferation can be mimicked, at least in part, by a short term pulse of cyclic AMP.
THE NON‐HUMAN PRIMATE ENDOCRINE PANCREAS: DEVELOPMENT, REGENERATION POTENTIAL AND METAPLASIA
Authors: WOLFE‐COOTE SONIA , LOUW JOHAN , WOODROOF COLIN , DU TOIT DON F. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAn investigation into the development of the Vervet monkey endocrine pancreas revealed a sequence of occurrence of pancreatic peptides that differed from previous reports in mice, dog and human with PP and somatostatin occurring before glucagon and insulin. All four pancreatic peptides were identified, immunohistochemically, in only one of the pancreatic primordial buds, before fusion of the two buds to form the pancreas. This questions the hypothesis that the heterogeneous endocrine cell distribution seen in the adult pancreas is due to the contribution of only PP cells by the ventral bud and non‐PP cells by the dorsal bud. Co‐localization of glucagon and PP was observed extensively in the developing pancreas and the predominant expression of one over the other in an apparently organized non‐random manner accounted for the glucagon‐ and PP‐rich areas seen in the developing pancreas. A small number of cells immunoreactive to glucagon and PP were also observed in the adult. Reports of plasticity of differentiation of other pancreatic cells led us to investigate regeneration potential of the adult monkey pancreas. Partial obstruction of the Vervet monkey main pancreatic duct, by cellophane wrapping, resulted in duct cell proliferation and differentiation to form new endocrine tissue in a way that mimics normal organogenesis. Focal areas of hepatocytes were found in the regenerated pancreas of one monkey, illustrating further the latent developmental capabilities of adult pancreas cells. These findings could lead to interesting new therapies for pancreas and liver disease.
DISRUPTION OF CELL—CELL ADHESION IN THE PRESENCE OF SODIUM BUTYRATE ACTIVATES EXPRESSION OF THE 92kDa TYPE IV COLLAGENASE IN MDCK CELLS
Authors: FIORINO ANTHONY S. , ZVIBEL ISABEL 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe have investigated the effects of altered cell shape on the regulation of the 92kDa type IV collagenase. In MDCK cells, anti‐E‐cadherin antibodies alter cell shape by disrupting normal cell—cell contacts, while sodium butyrate causes a marked flattening and spreading of cells. The disruption of cell—cell contacts led to a faint expression of the 92kDa collagenase. This effect was enhanced by sodium butyrate, which by itself did not induce collagenase expression. In contrast, stromelysin expression was not regulated in these conditions. Although mRNA expression was enhanced, the secreted collagenase activity was not altered in these conditions in either cell line. Examination of cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix proteins and cell—cell and cell—matrix adhesion proteins by immunofluorescence and Western blot revealed a disruption of the actin network, tight junctions, and fibronectin deposition by anti E‐cadherin antibodies, and alterations in actin, cytokeratin 8, cytokeratin 14, laminin and β1 integrin induced by sodium butyrate. Thus, the induction of collagenase expression in epithelial cells by disrupted cell—cell adhesion and sodium butyrate is associated with changes in cell shape and structure.
ASSOCIATION OF MURINE SPLENOCYTE CD3 COMPLEX TO THE CYTOSKELETON: ABSENCE OF MODULATION BY EXOGENOUS FATTY ACIDS
Authors: PECK MICHAEL D. , LI ZHIMING , JY WENCHE , CHU ARTHUR J. , BOURGUIGNON LILLY Y. W. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe cytoplasmic regions of the CD3 complex are presumably involved in signal transduction following ligand—receptor binding. We investigated the effects of incubating either stearic or oleic acid on the association of murine lymphocyte CD3 complex with the cytoskeleton. Both cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of microfilament formation, and W7, an inhibitor of calmodulin, inhibited capping of CD3. The association of CD3 with the cytoskeleton was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy studies, which showed co‐localization of the cross‐linked CD3 receptors and the membrane attachment proteins ankyrin and fodrin. Although exogenous oleic acid increased plasma membrane fluidity, neither expression nor capping of CD3 receptors was increased. Nonetheless, oleic acid did increase uptake of tritiated thymidine after binding of anti‐CD3 antibodies. Lymphoproliferation was progressively inhibited by both cytochalasin D and W7, confirming the importance of intact cytoskeleton for cellular activation.
HYPERTHERMIC STRESS AFFECTS GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR‐MEDIATED TRANSCRIPTION IN RAT LIVER
Authors: VIDOVIĆ STOJKO , ČVORO ALEKSANDRA , DUNDJERSKI JADRANKA , TRAJKOVIĆ DIVNA , MATIĆ GORDANA 
Published: September 2002

AbstractBinding capacity of the cytoplasmic and nuclear glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the activity of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) were examined in the liver of intact and adrenalectomized rats exposed to 41°C whole body hyperthermic stress. In glucocorticoid‐deprived animals, stress‐induced decrease in the cytoplasmic steroid binding was followed by parallel increases in its nuclear binding and TAT activity, suggesting a stimulation of TAT gene transcription by the GR in the absence of the ligand. In intact animals, however, a diminution of the steroid binding in the cytosol, its unchanged nuclear binding and an impairment of TAT activity were observed upon the stress. The results imply that stress could elicit different structural or functional alterations of unligandedvsliganded GR.
CHOLINE BASE EXCHANGE ACTIVITY IN RAT HEPATOCYTE NUCLEI AND NUCLEAR MEMBRANES
Authors: ALBI E. , VIOLA‐MAGNI M.P 
Published: September 2002

AbstractPrevious investigations have demonstrated the presence of phospholipids as a component of chromatin; however the mechanism of their synthesis, namely if they are synthesized in the nuclei or in the cytoplasm (microsomal fraction), from where they may eventually be transported to the nucleus, has not yet been clarified. The phosphatidylcholine, for example, can be formed, albeit in a limited amount, by an interconversion reaction between bases. The aim of the present research was to ascertain the presence of the enzyme complex responsible for this reaction in hepatocyte nuclei and in isolated nuclear membrane. The incorporation of [14C]‐choline in phosphatidylcholine was assayed in microsomes, hepatocyte nuclei, liver nuclei and nuclear membranes of rat liver. The reaction was Ca2+‐dependent and the specific activity was higher in microsomes but was present, albeit at a low level, also in nuclei and in nuclear membranes. Possible contaminations were excluded by specific microsomal markers and by the reaction time course. In fact, the nuclear reaction reached the maximum level slowly with respect to microsomes. Since the phosphatidylcholine extracted from the nuclei show an enrichment in unsaturated fatty acids of monoenoic fraction, such as oleic acid, the difference in reaction kinetics has been tentatively explained as due to the phosphatidylcholine fatty acid content. The presence of this base exchange enzyme complex may allow a fast change in chromatin phospholipid composition.
EXPRESSION OF A CYTOPLASMICALLY EPITOPE‐TAGGED, HUMAN GOLGI GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE IN HOMOLOGOUS CELLS RESULTS IN MISLOCALIZATION OF MULTIPLE GOLGI PROTEINS
Authors: YANG WEI , STORRIE BRIAN 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe have compared the effect of mislocalization of a Golgi glycosyltransferase in heterologous and homologous cell systems on the distribution of other Golgi‐associated proteins. Myc‐spacer‐human N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (NAGT‐I), an N‐terminally epitope‐tagged NAGT‐I, in which the first added negatively charged amino acid is in position 13, localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by immunofluorescence when expressed in monkey (Vero) or human (HeLa) cells. When myc‐spacer‐human NAGT‐I was expressed in Vero cells, the distribution of the Golgi‐associated coat protein, β‐COP, was concentrated juxtanuclearly and undisturbed relative to control. When myc‐spacer‐human NAGT‐I was expressed in HeLa cells, however, both endogenous β‐COP and GalT were no longer concentrated in a juxtanuclear manner but were rather cytoplasmically distributed as was the myc‐tagged human NAGT‐I. Based on these observations, we suggest that extensive interactions between proteins that normally show overlapping distributions between the medial Golgi stack and trans Golgi/TGN are possible. Moreover, we suggest that small differences in sequence may play a large role in potentiating interactions of Golgi complex proteins.
EVIDENCE FOR A LOCALIZATION SIGNAL IN THE 3′UNTRANSLATED REGION OF MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN MESSENGER RNA
Authors: WISEMAN JOHN W. , GLOVER L. ANNE , HESKETH JOHN E. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractLocalization signals in the 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) of myosin heavy chain mRNA were investigated using hybrid gene constructs. In myoblasts transfected with constructs containing either both coding sequences and 3′UTR of the rabbit β‐globin gene or the β‐globin coding sequences alonein situhybridization showed that globin transcripts were distributed throughout the cytoplasm with no localization. In contrast, in myoblasts transfected with β‐globin coding sequences linked to the myosin heavy chain 3′UTR there was strong perinuclear localization of the hybrid mRNA; this was maintained in myotubes. We conclude that myosin heavy chain 3′UTR contains a localization signal.
TIME‐ AND CONCENTRATION‐DEPENDENCE OF THE GROWTH‐PROMOTING ACTIVITY OF INSULIN AND HISTAMINE IN TETRAHYMENA. APPLICATION OF THE MTT‐METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CELL PROLIFERATION IN A PROTOZOAN MODEL
Authors: HEGYESI HARGITA , CSABA GYÖRGY 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe unicellular ciliateTetrahymena pyriformiswas treated with different concentrations of insulin or histamine and at different time points the cell density was measured, using a tetrazolium‐based semiautomated colorimetric assay (MTT). The assay was suitable to determine the rate of cell proliferation of Tetrahymena. Insulin in each concentration significantly elevated the cell count up to 3h. After that, it was neutral or its effect was insignificant. Histamine at 10−5m concentration diminished cell count at 3, 5, 7 and 24h. At 10−6m concentration there was no difference and at 10−7m concentration it enhanced cell division up to 5h, after that there being no difference. The two hormones have cell division promoting activity for cells of higher animals and the experiments demonstrate this effect already at a unicellular level.