bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity and Specificity of the Yale Swallow Protocol in Recently Extubated Patients
Authors: Marvin Stevie , Thibeault Susan , Ehlenbach William 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Yale Swallow Protocol (YSP) in detecting aspiration in recently extubated patients.

Method:

One hundred fifty-four participants referred for swallowing evaluation underwent the YSP and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) in random order within 48 hr of extubation. The YSP included orientation questions, an oral motor exam, and a 3-oz water swallow test. Failure was defined as interrupted drinking or immediate cough after drinking. FEES exams were rated using the Penetration Aspiration Scale. Fisher's exact test and
t
test were used to test for association between failure on the YSP and participant factors (sex, age, reason for admission/intubation, duration of intubation, number of intubations, and time post-extubation of exam), aspiration on FEES and participant factors, and a false negative on the YSP and participant factors.

Results:

Fifty-seven percent (88 of 154) failed the YSP. Fifty percent (77 of 154) of participants aspirated on at least one trial during the FEES. Sensitivity of the YSP was 75%, and specificity was 61%. Participants who failed the YSP were older (
M
= 61 years;
p
= .0030). More women failed the YSP than men (
p
= .0007). No patient factors were associated with aspiration on FEES. Participants admitted for respiratory etiologies (pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation) were most likely to have a false negative on the YSP (
p
= .02). False negatives were also more likely in participants with a size ≥ 8 of endotracheal tube (
p
= .03).

Conclusions:
The YSP has suboptimal sensitivity and specificity for detecting aspiration in recently extubated patients. More data are needed on predictors of false negatives in order to improve sensitivity and specificity in this critically ill patient population.
Information search in interactive information visualization
Authors: Yue Jiacheng , Lonsdale Maria , Queiroz Francisco , Baxter Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study explored the effectiveness of outbreak data dashboards in presenting relevant information during global
health emergencies using mouse-tracking measures. Firstly, several problems in the visual design and information layout of the
dashboard were identified by analyzing the path, mouse-movements and clicks made by users when using the dashboard. Secondly,
suggestions on the process of how dashboards were used and their design were collected through user feedback and follow-up
interviews during the experimental process. The results of the study provide insights into user-centered design solutions for
visual dashboards, which can guide the design of similar epidemiological dashboards in the future.
Sensitivity of transverse momentum correlations to early-stage and thermal fluctuations
Authors: Savchuk Oleh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Transverse momentum correlations were recently measured by the ALICE collaboration at the LHC [Acharya et
al (2020 Phys. Lett. B
804 135375)]. A long-range structure in terms of relative pseudorapidity of particle pairs is observed. This may imply some signal of the initial state owing to the sheer spread of the correlation. However, the fluctuations inside a thermally equilibrated medium have to be taken into account, serving as motivation for this paper. Using lattice Quantum Chromodynamics constraints, we predicted the development and spread of balancing correlations caused by energy-momentum conservation. At the same time, we propagated the Gaussian-shaped initial correlation using hydrodynamics to estimate its effects. Our findings suggest that the resulting correlation, known as ‘the ridge,’ is sensitive both to flucutations seeded in the pre-equilibrium stage and to those seeded in the equilibrated medium. This can provide important insight into the early stages of the collision.
Measurement-device-independent quantum secure direct communication based on quantum cover channel and multiple degrees of freedom of hyperentanglement
Authors: Pan Tian-Jiao , Zhou Ri-Gui , Zhang Xiao-Xue 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) achieves direct and secure transmission of information which does not need a pre-shared key. To improve the practical reliability of QSDC systems, Measurement-device-independent quantum secure direct communication protocol (MDI-QSDC) have emerged, which provide a more secure communication method by eliminating the dependence on measurement devices. This paper proposes an MDI-QSDC protocol based on polarization-spatial-orbital angular momentum mode hyperentanglement and quantum covert channel (QCC). This protocol can transmit 6-bit information in one round of communication, eliminating security vulnerability and information leakage associated with measurement devices. Compared with the previous MDI-QSDC protocols, this paper further clarifies the enhancement of channel capacity and security through numerical simulation studies. Further, the protocol introduces imperceptible QCC on polarization-spatial mode, which is significantly more secure than direct coding on polarization-spatial mode only. Based on the above features, the potential of the proposed high-capacity MDI-QSDC protocol in quantum communication is highlighted.
Sustainable agriculture model in anticipation of climate change
Authors: Noriko Nita , Zalfa Hardian Dinda , Swandari Wijihastuti Risa , Salsabila Farah , Mardiwati Rahayu Kun , Effendi Yunus , Pambudi Arief , Mandjusri Alma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The problems of farmers dealing with climate change are a decrease in soil fertility and water scarcity . The application of sustainable agriculture models is needed to address these issues. The research data are needed to implement sustainable agriculture models through soil and water conservation. The purpose of this study is to increase crop yields. The method carried out consists of observation and experiments. Observations made related to agricultural activities. Experiments in the form of measuring crop yields based on farmers’ habit methods compared to sustainable agriculture models. The activity was held in Kampung Cibeureum, Sukanagalih Village, Cianjur, West Java from March to August 2023 and 2024. The results of the study showed that the plants cultivated by farmers were 25% Allium fistulosum, 21% Brassica rapa, 14% Capsicum annum, 11% Phaseolus vulgaris, 11% Vigna unguiculata, 7% Cucumus sativus and other crops. Soil conservation increases soil fertility, as shown by changes in pH, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and the number of earthworms. Through water conservation, farmers succeeded making 2 reservoirs and 4 ponds. The water quality of the reservoirs is suitable for agriculture and fish farming. The application of sustainable farming models increases crop yields by up to 40%.
Extreme precipitation analysis in Bengawan Solo
Authors: Syafarina Inna , Lailatul Latifah Arnida , Hensan Muttaqien Furqon , Ajie Linarka Utoyo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Climate change can trigger natural disasters, such as floods, drought and extreme heatwave. Large amounts and heavy precipitation might result in floods. Extreme weather that made it difficult or inaccurate to analyze the current weather was one of the causes of the flooding incident in the Bengawan Solo River Area. Analysis of extreme weather and climate change on the Bengawan Solo river is still limited. This study aims to analyze extreme precipitation in Bengawan Solo using a statistical approach. To look for variations in the distribution of precipitation in this area, precipitation data from 25 precipitation stations will be analyzed. This research uses daily precipitation data from 2000 - 2023. The research region’s temporal trends show variation in the results, in which most extreme precipitation indices are highly fluctuating with a slight upward trend during 24 years. It is expected that this research’s findings may aid in classifying regions with heavy precipitation and assist relevant parties in developing disaster mitigation strategies.
Distribution of Fallen Tree Cases on Vegetation Canopy Cover and Land Use in Surakarta City
Authors: Abu Nazar Irfan , Sunarto  , Indrawan Muhamad , Mahadjoeno Edwi , Wahyuni Titi , Himawan Widhi , Choiriyah Merdekawati Nur , Wijayanti Sovia , Hidayat Wahyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fallen trees are a common phenomenon during the rainy season in Surakarta City. This condition poses a threat to urban communities while losing crucial ecosystem services to urban vegetation. The study aims to map the distribution of fallen trees and compare them with canoe vegetation coverage as well as land use. Analysis of the fallen trees was carried out with administrative territory limits in 2023 until the three first month of 2024. Data collection uses a combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches. The canopy coverage data is estimated from the Sentinel 2A image using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). A comparison of three variables (fallen tree, NDVI and land use) is implemented through a spatial overlay, regression analysis and descriptive analysis. The results show that there were 113 cases of fallen trees in the 2023-three-month period in early 2024. Fallen trees occur mainly on yards (35.40%) and roadside (29.20%). Surveys based on canopy coverage showed that fallen trees occurred more frequently in the very low (32.74%) and low (31.86%) NDVI categories. This study concludes that changes in the urban environment pose a risk of tree falls due to reduced supportive capacity. Fallen trees cause urban ecological loss to urban area because they also occur in parks (12.38%).
Introduction
Authors: Dean Lorraine T , Jacques Keilah A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This introductory chapter defines power and privilege, drawing a visual depiction of the study of privilege as an umbrella term that encompasses subdomains of economic privilege, social privilege (e.g., racial hierarchies), and somatic privilege (e.g., phenotype, neuro-atypical, ability differences). It traces the origins of privilege, as rooted in Peggy McIntosh’s work in White privilege, and then expands to how privilege is currently viewed as inclusive of other aspects of identity. It lays out key terms associated with privilege and power, including a scoping review of studies on privilege to health audiences to date, and offers guidance on how best to use this book as part of developing curriculum on power and privilege for public health and medicine trainees.
‘I’m Trying to Navigate these Multiple Roles’: Established Adulthood as the Rush Hour of Life
Authors: Mehta Clare M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter introduces established adulthood, a newly conceptualized period of the lifespan roughly situated between ages 30 and 45. The chapter describes the important developmental tasks undertaken during established adulthood and how the convergence of these developmental tasks in the 30s and 40s can be traced to the rise of emerging adulthood and the postponement of enduring commitments in work and relationships. Established adulthood is then compared to its developmental neighbours, emerging adulthood and midlife, highlighting the uniqueness of established adulthood in terms of developmental tasks and experiences. Next, the importance of conceptualizing established adulthood as new developmental period is described along with the usefulness and limits of stage theories, and the importance of highlighting diversity of experience. The chapter concludes with the outline of the book, briefly describing the general topics of each chapter.
‘You Have to Kind of Give Up Everything for a Kid’: Established Adulthood With (or Without) Children
Authors: Mehta Clare M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Demographic and social changes mean that for many, having a first child and raising young children now occurs in the period of established adulthood, that is, if people choose to have children at all. This chapter explores established adults’ experiences of deciding, or in some cases not deciding, whether to have children and what established adults’ experiences of life with or without children is like. First, the chapter explains how people make or don’t make decisions about having children, and describes the experience of having children who were unplanned. In the next section, established adults share what life is like with children, including the rewards and challenges of parenting. The chapter then explores the experience of being both voluntarily and involuntarily childfree in established adulthood. The chapter concludes by describing the contribution of children to the career and care crunch.
‘I’m Trying to Learn What’s Happening to My Body’: The Experience of Physical Aging in Established Adulthood
Authors: Mehta Clare M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Established adulthood may be an important juncture in terms of physical health, serving as a crossroad between growth and decline. In this chapter people describe their experiences of physical aging including changes in ability, health, stamina, energy, and appearance. The chapter first explores established adults’ perceptions of physical aging, including changes in physical abilities, stamina, and metabolism. Established adults who had yet to experience physical aging described being prepared for future physical changes. Next, the chapter reflects on changes to appearance during established adulthood, exploring topics such as weight gain, skin wrinkling, and hair greying. The chapter then explores changes in energy and sleep requirements followed by established adults’ emotional reactions to physical aging. The chapter concludes by considering how the career and care crunch impacts established adults’ physical aging, largely by restricting the amount of time available for leisure.
The efficacy and effectiveness of customized CAD/CAM brackets in fixed orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bardideh Erfan , Kerayechian Navid , Ghorbani Mahsa , Younessian Farnaz , Shafaee Hooman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Recent advancements in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology have led to the development of customized brackets for personalized treatment.

Objective
Comparing customized CAD/CAM brackets for their efficacy and effectiveness in orthodontic patients using systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.

Search Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane’s CENTRAL up to June 2024, with no language or date restrictions.

Selection Criteria
Studies that complied with PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) questions were included, and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale tools were used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies.

Data Collection and Analysis
Using custom piloted forms, relevant data was retrieved from the included studies. Then a random-effects inverse variance meta-analysis was used to pool the results. The primary outcome was the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment measured by the American Board of Orthodontics cast-radiographic examination (ABO-CRE). Secondary outcomes were overall treatment time and mean number of appointments for CAD/CAM and conventional brackets.

Results
Six studies were included in our final review and meta-analysis. Based on the results of meta-analysis, no significant differences between CAD/CAM and conventional brackets for ABO-CRE score (Mean Difference (MD) = −0.49, Confidence Interval (CI)95% = −4.67, 3.68; P = .82) or number of appointments (MD = −1.88, CI95% = −5.91, 2.16; P = .36) could be found. However, significantly shorter overall treatment time for CAD/CAM brackets were reported (MD = −4.07, CI95% = −7.16, −0.99; P = .010).

Conclusions
The findings of our meta-analysis indicate that both bracket types perform comparably in terms of treatment results and the number of clinical appointments required during treatment. Nevertheless, a distinct advantage of CAD/CAM brackets emerged concerning overall treatment duration. Notably, patients using CAD/CAM brackets experienced an average treatment period reduction of approximately 4 months, a clinically significant result.

Registration
The protocol for this systematic review was registered at PROSPERO with the ID CRD42024605257.
Efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation in gastrointestinal disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Veldman Fleur , Hawinkels Kimberly , Keszthelyi Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dysfunction of the vagus nerve has been suggested as a contributing factor in various gastrointestinal disorders, prompting interest in vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) as a non-pharmacological therapy. We performed a systematic review to determine the efficacy of invasive and non-invasive VNS in gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia (FD), functional constipation, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and gastroparesis. We applied a systematic search of the literature in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases in order to identify studies comparing VNS with an adequate control condition (sham stimulation) in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. The primary outcome was adequate symptom relief. Methodological quality was evaluated using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analyses were not performed due to study heterogeneity. Seven randomized controlled trials investigating non-invasive VNS were included, with a total of 644 patients: FD (n = 426), IBD (n = 22), IBS (n = 92), and abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorder (n = 104), with a mean age ranging from 15 to 65 years. Non-invasive VNS significantly improved symptoms across all subsets of patients, as measured differently according to disease type, compared with sham stimulation. Adverse events, if reported, were low, with no serious complications. Putative mechanisms of action were assumed to be related to anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects. Non-invasive VNS holds promise as a safe therapy for diverse gastrointestinal disorders. However, these findings are derived from studies with small sample sizes and provide preliminary insights. Further research is warranted to define its exact position within the therapeutic arsenal.
Aberrant Structural-Functional Coupling of Large-scale Brain Networks in Older Women with Subthreshold Depression
Authors: Suo Xueling , Chen Li , Kemp Graham J , Wu Dongmei , Wang Song 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Subthreshold depression (SD) is common in the older population, more so in females than males, and can lead to serious physical and mental ill-health. However, the underlying neurobiology remains unclear. This study used multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the topological organization and coupling of the structural and functional brain networks in older women with SD.

Methods
We constructed the structural network from diffusion MRI and the functional network from resting-state functional MRI in 50 older women with SD and 52 demographically-matched older women healthy controls (HC). We used graph theory analysis to examine the topological properties of functional and structural networks, and structural-functional connectivity (SC-FC) coupling, and their potential relationship to depressive symptoms.

Results
Globally, compared with older women HC, the older women with SD showed lower local efficiency in the structural network but not the functional network. Locally, older women with SD showed altered convergent nodal metrics in the default mode, salience, and sensorimotor network regions in both structural and functional networks. Moreover, SC-FC coupling reduced in older women with SD compared to older women HC. These network metric alterations were correlated with depressive symptoms.

Discussion
Older women with SD showed alterations in both structural and functional networks, and in their coupling, which throw light on the role of large-scale brain networks in older female SD.
Advanced Technologies in Plant Factories: Exploring Current and Future Economic and Environmental Benefits in Urban Horticulture
Authors: Yuan Xin , Hu Jiangtao , Marcelis Leo F M , Heuvelink Ep , Peng Jie , Yang Xiao , Yang Qichang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Plant factories (PFs), also known as vertical farms, are advanced agricultural production systems that operate independently of geographical and environmental conditions. They utilize artificial light and controlled environments to produce horticultural plants year-round. This approach offers a promising solution for the stable and efficient supply of high-quality horticultural produce in urban areas, enhancing resilient urban food systems. This review explores the economic and environmental impacts and potential of PFs. Breakthroughs in PF research and development are highlighted, including increased product yields and quality, reduced energy input and CO2 emissions through optimized growing conditions and automation systems, transitioning to clean energy, improved resource use efficiency, and reduced food transport distances. Moreover, innovations and applications of PFs have been proposed to address challenges from both economic and environmental perspectives. The proposed development of PF technologies for economic and environmental benefits represents a comprehensive and promising approach to urban horticulture, significantly enhancing the impact and benefits of fundamental research and industrial applications.
Fermented chrysanthemum stem as a source of natural phenolic compounds to alleviate tomato bacterial wilt disease
Authors: Ren Peng , Chen Peijie , Guo Saisai , Mei Xinlan , Jiang Gaofei , Yang Tianjie , Wang Xiaofang , Xu Yangchun , Shen Qirong , Wei Zhong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Natural antimicrobial compounds (NACs) in the plant stem are crucial for replacing conventional synthetic pesticides in the control of soil-borne diseases, and microbial fermentation can enhance their concentration and bioactivity. In this study, the stems of ten plant species were collected for fermentation by probiotic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5 to identify the most effective plant resource for controlling tomato bacterial wilt disease and discover key NACs. Chrysanthemum stem was identified as an optimal fermentation substrate, as its water-soluble extracts (WSEs) significantly inhibited the growth of pathogenic Ralstonia solanacearum and effectively alleviated tomato wilt under greenhouse conditions. Key metabolites, primarily phenolic acids including 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid (PLA), 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid (HPPA), and mandelic acid (MA), were determined by metabolomics, all of which significantly inhibited the growth of R. solanacearum at a concentration of 0.2 mM, with only HPPA effectively controlling tomato wilt. Thus, fermented chrysanthemum stem contains NACs that are effective against bacterial wilt, providing a green option for controlling soil-borne diseases.