bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational analysis and experimental verification of donor–acceptor behaviour of berberine, and its co-oligomers and co-polymers with ethylenedıoxythıophene
Authors: Gamini Rajapakse R. M. , Horrocks Benjamin R. , Gunarathna H. M. N. P. , Malikaramage A. U. , Egodawele M. G. S. A. M. E. W. D. D. K. , Herath W. H. M. R. N. K. , Sandakelum Lahiru , Bandara V. M. Y. S. U. , Bowatta W. V. N. S. , Susanthi Jayasinghe J. M. , Seneviratne V. N. , Ranatunga Udayana , Perera L. L. K. , Dassanayake S. M. , Udawatte Chandana P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe donor–acceptor (D-A) type of conjugated polymers has emerged as the paradigm of the third generation of electronically conducting polymers demonstrating improved infrared activity and intrinsic electronic conductivity. Judicious selection of donor (D) and acceptor (A) monomers for copolymerization can further fine-tune these properties. Notably, for such refinement, natural compounds provide many conjugated molecules with various functional groups. Berberine cation (Ber+) found in Coscinium fenestratum has extensive conjugation and contains both an electron deficient isoquinolium A moiety and electron-rich D-type methylenedioxy and methoxy groups. The incorporation of natural products in electronic materials is a novel area of research which opens a wide scope for future electronic and optoelectronic devices. Investigation of their fundamental properties via computer simulations is therefore important. In this study, quantum chemical calculations are performed using density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the electronic and optical properties of oligomers of Ber+ and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and to explore the possibilities for homo-polymerization of Ber+ and its copolymerization with EDOT. It has been revealed that homo-polymerization is not favoured but copolymerization with EDOT is possible. As such, Ber+ was copolymerized with EDOT and the copolymers formed by electro-polymerization are extensively characterised and the D-A behaviour of the copolymers verified. Furthermore, the theoretical predictions have been compared with the experimental data.
Wird KI neue Medikamente gegen Herzkrankheiten hervorbringen?
Authors: Glaser Manuel , Ritterhof Julia , Most Patrick , Wade Rebecca C. 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungAngesichts der umwälzenden Auswirkungen, die künstliche Intelligenz (KI) auf Wissenschaft,
Medizin und darüber hinaus hat, betrachten wir hier das Potenzial von KI für die Entdeckung
neuer Medikamente gegen Herzkrankheiten. Wir definieren KI im weitesten Sinne als den Einsatz
von maschinellem Lernen, einschließlich Statistik und Deep Learning, um Muster in Datensätzen
zu erkennen, die für Vorhersagen genutzt werden können. Jüngste Durchbrüche in der Fähigkeit,
sehr große Datenmengen zu berücksichtigen, haben einen Boom in der KI-gestützten
Arzneimittelentdeckung sowohl in der Wissenschaft als auch in der Industrie ausgelöst. Viele
neue Unternehmen verfügen bereits über Arzneimittel-Pipelines, die bis in die klinische
Erprobung reichen, aber noch keine Medikamente gegen Herzkrankheiten enthalten. Wir
beschreiben hier den Einsatz von KI für die Entdeckung von niedermolekularen Medikamenten und
Biologika, einschließlich therapeutischer Peptide, sowie für die Vorhersage von Wirkungen wie
Kardiotoxizität. Der konzertierte Einsatz von KI zusammen mit physikbasierten Simulationen und
experimentellen Rückkopplungsschleifen wird notwendig sein, um das Potenzial der KI für die
Arzneimittelentdeckung und die Entwicklung von Präzisionsarzneimitteln für Herzkrankheiten
voll auszuschöpfen.
Rhythmusdiagnostik mittels Wearables – Einsatz und Nutzen im klinischen Alltag
Authors: Hillmann Henrike A. K. , Veltmann Christian , Duncker David 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungWearables zur Rhythmusdetektion sind tragbare Devices, die dazu dienen, den Herzrhythmus
des Trägers zu überwachen und Abnormalitäten zu erkennen. Die verschiedenen Technologien,
einschließlich Elektrokardiogramm, Photoplethysmografie und Phonokardiogramm, können zur
Diagnose und Überwachung von Herzrhythmusstörungen eingesetzt werden. Die Empfehlungen
wissenschaftlicher Fachgesellschaften betonen die Bedeutung einer korrekten Datenaufzeichnung
und -interpretation sowie einer sorgfältigen klinischen Bewertung. Wearables zur
Rhythmusdetektion haben Vor- und Nachteile, und die Kostenerstattung kann je nach Land
unterschiedlich sein. In Zukunft werden Wearables zur Rhythmusdetektion voraussichtlich eine
wichtigere Rolle bei der Diagnose und Überwachung von Herzrhythmusstörungen spielen.
Students’ online learning adaptability and their continuous usage intention across different disciplines
Authors: Li Zheng , Lou Xiaodong , Chen Minwei , Li Siyu , Lv Cixian , Song Shuting , Li Linlin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOnline learning, as a pivotal element in modern education, is introducing fresh demands and challenges to the established teaching norms across various subjects. The adaptability of students to online learning and their sustained willingness to engage with it constitute two pivotal factors influencing the effective operation of online education systems. The dynamic relationship between these aspects may manifest unique traits within different academic disciplines, yet comprehensive research in this area remains notably scarce. In light of this, this study constructs an Adaptive Structural Learning and Technology Acceptance Model (ASL-TAM) with satisfaction towards online teaching as the mediating variable to investigate the impact and mechanism of online learning adaptivity on continuous usage intention for students from different disciplines. A total of 11,832 undergraduate students from 334 universities in 12 disciplinary categories in mainland China were selected, and structural equation modeling was used for analysis. The results showed that the ASL-TAM model could be fitted for all 12 disciplines. The perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and system environment adaptability dimensions of online learning adaptivity significantly and positively affect satisfaction towards online teaching and continuous usage intention. Satisfaction towards online teaching partially mediates the relationship between online learning adaptivity and continuous usage intention. There were significant differences in the results of the single-factor analysis of the observed variables for the 12 disciplines, and the path coefficients in the ASL-TAM model fitted for each discipline were also significantly different. Compared to the six disciplines under the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) category, six disciplines under the humanities category exhibited more significant internal differences in the results of the single-factor analysis of perceived usefulness and the path coefficients for satisfaction towards online teaching. This research seeks to bridge existing research gaps and provide novel guidance and recommendations for the personalized design and distinctive implementation of online learning platforms and courses across various academic disciplines.
Seasonality predicts variation in life history phenotypes in the livebearing fish Priapichthys annectens
Authors: Johnson Erik S , Tobler Michael , Johnson Jerald B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Livebearing fishes (Poeciliidae) have been used as models to test several aspects of life history theory. Previous work in these fishes showed that traits such as age and size at maturity, reproductive allocation, and number and size of offspring can each be shaped by natural selection. Life history traits can also be influenced by the environment, and in some cases, such phenotypic plasticity can also be adaptive. Resource availability in the environment can affect life history trait expression with increased resources expected to result in increased investment in reproduction. Here, we test this hypothesis in the Costa Rican livebearing fish Priapichthys annectens by quantifying life history traits and comparing trait values between populations collected during the dry season versus the wet season, periods when resource availability varies. We found that life history traits related to reproductive investment, but not the timing of reproductive events, differed between seasons. During the wet season, female body condition increased, and females invested less in reproduction, having fewer but larger offspring. Irrespective of the season, larger females gave birth to larger offspring. Finally, we found that this species utilizes a lecithotrophic strategy of provisioning eggs with nutrients being deposited in the ova prior to fertilization, and that females only carry one developing brood at a time (no superfetation). This is the first study documenting the life history of P. annectens, and it adds to a growing body of work suggesting that seasonal environmental differences can induce changes in the expression of some—but not all—life history traits.
A O03 Host phenotypic adversity independently predicts progression to resection in neoadjuvantly-treated pancreatic cancer
Authors: Bryce Adam , Dreyer Stephan , Dolan Ross , Froeling Fieke , Chang David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) offers a modest survival benefit to the otherwise dismal outcomes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), however methods for assessing treatment response and disease trajectory during NAT are limited. Cachexia and sarcopenia are hallmark features of PDAC and defining host phenotypic adversity is crucial in understanding the tumour-host relationship and its influence on clinical outcomes. We sought to determine the relationship between body composition, systemic inflammation, and outcomes in NAT PDAC to lay foundations for improving assessment of treatment response.

Methods
This is a retrospective, observational study with an intention-to-treat design, analysing resected (n = 109) and non-resected (n = 117) NAT PDAC (total n = 226) from the tertiary West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary. Patients were included if they had resectable or borderline resectable disease and received NAT. Patients were excluded if they had locally advanced or metastatic disease. Body composition was determined by single-slice L3 cross-sectional measurements.

Results
Patients with an adverse phenotype defined by change in body composition were less likely to progress to resection (40.9% vs 68.8%, p &lt; 0.001). Logistic regression confirms the independence of this effect (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.99-7.22, p &lt; 0.001). There was a trend towards systemic inflammation in the non-resected group (CRP rise 51.4% vs 29.9%, p = 0.008). Patients treated with Folfirinox who required dose reduction received higher doses of irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil (bolus) and 5-fluorouracil (infusion) per unit muscle mass (7.3 vs 6.9mg/cm2⋅m-2, p = 0.010; 16.2 vs 14.7mg/cm2⋅m-2, p = 0.002; 96.5 vs 91.1mg/cm2⋅m-2, p = 0.026).

Conclusions
Host phenotypic adversity during NAT presents a potentially valuable addition to a limited arsenal of tools to aid decision making in resectable and borderline resectable PDAC. Early assessment of body composition trend during chemotherapy may present an opportunity to switch the host phenotype from adverse to favourable in some patients, or highlight the futility of continuing aggressive treatment in others. Chemotherapeutic prescribing by body surface area overlooks crucial differences in lean body mass and may be exposing patients to avoidable and burdensome toxicities.
BS O07 Short-Term and Long-Term Changes in Natriuretic Peptide Levels After Bariatric Surgery: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wong Zhen Yu , Murugan Veylamuthen , Parmar Chetan , Ramnarain Dharmanand , Dekker Lukas R , Hasenberg Till , Pouwels Sjaak 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Bariatric surgery (BS) has demonstrated cardiovascular benefits in patients and was previously proven to be associated with an increased natriuretic peptide level without cardiac dysfunction. However, new studies have emerged, which require us to re-examine the relationship and extent of the correlation between BS, weight loss, and cardiac natriuretic peptide levels.

Methods
A PRISMA-compliant systematic search was conducted across Medline, Cochrane, and Embase, until 15th February 2023. Primary outcomes include short- and long-term changes in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro BNP (NT-proBNP) post-BS. Secondary outcomes included changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), N-Terminal atrial natriuretic peptide (NT-ANP), ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular mass (LVM). Outcomes were pooled using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model.

Results
Twenty-two studies with 1219 patients (33.2% Male, 45.5% gastric bypass surgery). Mean difference of short- and long-term NT-proBNP levels after BS were 52.88 pg/mL (95% CI, 21.30-84.46) and 50.42 pg/mL (95% CI, 28.18-72.67) respectively with a similar rise observed in BNP levels. Short-term NT-ANP levels significantly increased, but not in long-term ANP and short-term NT-ANP levels. There were no significant post-BS changes in EF but SBP, DBP and LVM significantly reduced. Subgroup analysis in NT-proBNP levels demonstrated a significant rise among patients with &gt;30% BMI loss and a significant reduction in patients with &lt;30% BMI loss.

Conclusions
BS is associated with increased natriuretic peptide levels in the absence of deteriorating cardiac function. Further studies should investigate its correlation with clinical symptoms, cardiac structural changes and the longitudinal risk of heart failure, enabling informed decision-making and tailored management strategies to optimize patient care and improve postoperative cardiac outcomes in the context of BS.
BS O08 The burden of bariatric health tourism on publicly funded health services in the UK
Authors: Alabdellat Osama , Alwani Omneya , Nima Bara Abu , Alkhaffaf Bilal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective treatment for obesity and it's associated co-morbidities. Limited access to surgery in the NHS and a combination of cheaper costs and aggressive advertising by international clinics has led to a surge in people seeking surgery abroad. There is a perception that an indeterminate volume of bariatric health tourism has resulted in increased rate of serious complications in UK. This study aimed to objectively quantify this perceived burden by describing the presentation, management and outcomes of bariatric emergencies in cases undertaken abroad and comparing them to emergency cases originating in the UK.

Methods
This was a retrospective review of all consecutive non-elective attendances and admissions between January 2018 and April 2023. The setting was a regional bariatric and metabolic surgery centre with a dedicated bariatric on-call service serving Greater Manchester and the North-West of England. Patient demographics, data on index procedures, diagnostic and therapeutic interventions as well as length of hospital and ITU stay was collected. Changes in trends in patients undergoing their index procedure abroad (bariatric health tourist BHT group) were explored and compared to those undergoing surgery in the UK (UK group).

Results
373 non-elective episodes were included; 28% related to index procedures abroad. The proportion of admissions related to BHT was 35.5% (17/48), 21% (10/48), 16.5% (9/54), 17% (6/35) and 36.5% (47/128) in years 1 to 5 respectively.
BHT patients presented were most likely to present with sleeve complications (33% vs UK 20%) whilst UK patients were most likely to present with band-related problems (46% vs BHT 20%). BHT patients underwent 124 fluoroscopies, 115 CT-scans and 60% required surgical interventions. BHT patients accounted for 37% of total bed days (1610/4311) and had longer median ITU stays (8 v 3 days).

Conclusions
The total number of emergency episodes related to bariatric surgery undertaken abroad increased eight-fold in the last 12 months compared to the preceding year, and was higher than the total number of episodes in the preceding 4 years. This reflects the ongoing challenges with patient access to publicly funded and affordable bariatric surgery in the UK. Complications arising in this patient group result in longer stays and greater resource burden compared to those patients who have undergone surgery in the UK. This trend has enormous resource implications for service design and an urgent response is needed.
HPB O02 Autologous blood transfusion reduces the requirement for peri-operative allogenic blood transfusion in patients undergoing major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery
Authors: Lakha Adil Siraj , Chadha Radhika , Von-Kier Stephen , Barbosa Antonio , Maher Keith , Pirkl Martin , Stoneham Mark , Silva Michael A , Soonawalla Zahir , Udupa Venkatesha , Reddy Srikanth , Gordon-Weeks Alex 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery is associated with a risk of major blood loss. We aimed to assess whether autologous transfusion of blood salvaged intra-operatively reduces the requirement for post-operative allogenic transfusion in this patient cohort.

Methods
In this single centre study, information from a prospective database of 501 patients undergoing major HPB resection (2015–2022) was analysed. Patients who received cell salvage (n=264) were compared with those who did not (n=237). Non-autologous (allogenic) transfusion was assessed from the time of surgery to 5 days post-surgery, and blood loss tolerance was calculated using the Lemmens-Bernstein-Brodosky formula. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with allogenic blood transfusion avoidance.

Results
32% of lost blood volume was replaced through autologous transfusion in patients receiving cell salvage. Although the cell salvage group experienced significantly higher intra-operative blood loss compared with the non-cell salvage group (1360ml vs 971ml, p=0.0005), they received significantly less allogenic red blood cell units (1.5 vs 0.92 units/patient, p=0.03). Correction of blood loss tolerance in patients who underwent cell salvage was independently associated with avoidance of allogenic transfusion (OR 0.05 (0.006-0.38) p=0.005). In a subgroup analysis, cell salvage use was associated with a significant reduction in 30-day mortality in patients undergoing major hepatectomy (6% vs 1%, P=0.04).

Conclusions
Cell salvage use was associated with a reduction in allogenic blood transfusion and a reduction in 30-day mortality in patients undergoing major hepatectomy. Prospective trials are warranted to understand whether the use of cell salvage should be routinely utilised for major hepatectomy.
HPB O08 Championing benign biliary patients in Emergency General Surgery: A 3 year quality improvement project
Authors: Johnson Roisin , Forsyth Katrina , El-Boghdady Michael , Wheatstone Sarah , Tomasi Ivan , Atkinson Simon , Ebied Husam , Kinight William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
A biliary quality improvement project (QuIP) was established in 2019 following 3 audit cycles highlighting delays to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Lap-C) in patients with gallstone pancreatitis. Limited theatre space and other urgent care priorities hindered efforts to meet other biliary key performance indicator targets between 2015 and 2019. The last phase of the QuIP has introduced a dedicated consultant lead biliary service, a live biliary patient tracking system, increased in-patient Lap-C, implementation of ambulatory pathways and a patient centred integrated care approach.

Methods
Prospectively collected data from a live biliary tracking system was compared with retrospective audit data from 2015-2019. Key performance indicators were; average time to Lap-C, rate of Lap-C with-in 2 weeks following pancreatitis, inpatient Lap-C rate and out-patient appointments saved.

Results
523 patients were managed through inpatient and ambulatory biliary pathways from November 2021-June 2023. 2 week Lap-C post pancreatitis improved from 27% to 79% (43% as inpatients) with average time to Lap-C improving from 68 days to 13 days. 191 outpatient appointments were saved by counselling and pre-assessing patients for Lap-C as inpatients, saving £22920 in outpatient costs. In-patient Lap-C rate improved from 2% to 19% for fit and consenting patients.

Conclusions
A higher quality of care can be achieved for biliary patients through; effective patient prioritisation, increasing inpatient Lap-C, the establishment of ambulatory pathways and a robust outpatient tracking system.
OGBN O01 Durability of Radiofrequency Ablation for Long-segment and Ultralong-segment Barrett’s Esophagus over 10 years
Authors: Nguyen Chu Luan , Zhou Michael , Tovmassian David , Seyfi Doruk , Gooley Suzanna , Falk Gregory 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Long-term durability data for radiofrequency ablation(RFA) to prevent esophageal adenocarcinoma in long-segment(LSBE) and ultralong-segment Barrett’s esophagus(ULSBE) is lacking. This study aimed to determine 10-year cancer progression, eradication, and complication rates in LSBE and ULSBE patients treated with RFA.

Methods
Single surgeon prospective database of patients with LSBE (≥3 to &lt;8cm) and ULSBE (≥8cm) who underwent RFA (2001-2021) were retrospectively analyzed. Ten-year cancer progression calculated with Kaplan-Meier analysis. Eradication rates, including complete remission of dysplasia (CR-D) and intestinal metaplasia (CR-IM), and rates of recurrence and complications, compared between LSBE and ULSBE groups.

Results
Ten years after starting treatment, the cancer rate was 14.3% in 56 patients. CR-D and CR-IM rates were 87.5% and 67.9%, respectively. Eradication rates for dysplasia in LSBE and ULSBE patients(90.6%versus83.3%) and IM(71.9%versus62.5%) were not significantly different. ULSBE patients required higher mean number of ablation sessions for IM eradication(4.7versus3.7,p=0.032), while complication rates including strictures(4.2%versus6.2%), perforation(0versus0) and bleeding(4.2%versus3.1%), were similar between ULSBE and LSBE patients, respectively. On multivariate analysis, shorter Barrett’s segment and baseline low grade dysplasia were associated with increased likelihood for eradication of IM and dysplasia.

Conclusions
RFA was durable in maintaining dysplasia and IM eradication in both LSBE and ULSBE over 10 years, and with low complication rates. IM eradication was more difficult to achieve in ULSBE. Late development of cancer occurred in 14.3%.