bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An in vitro model of the macrophage-endothelial interface to characterize CAR T-cell induced cytokine storm
Authors: Rosen Robert S. , Yang Jason H. , Peña Juan S. , Schloss Rene , Yarmush Martin L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a highly effective treatment for B-cell malignancies but limited in use due to clinically significant hyperinflammatory toxicities. Understanding the pathophysiologic mechanisms which mediate these toxicities can help identify novel management strategies. Here we report a novel in vitro model of the macrophage-endothelial interface to study the effects of CAR T-cell-induced cytokine storm. Using this model, we demonstrate that macrophage-mediated inflammation is regulated by endothelial cell activity. Furthermore, endothelial inflammation occurs independently of macrophages following exposure to CAR T-cell products and the induced endothelial inflammation potentiates macrophage-mediated inflammatory signaling, leading to a hyperinflammatory environment. While corticosteroids, the current gold standard of care, attenuate the resulting macrophage inflammatory signaling, the endothelial activity remains refractory to this treatment strategy. Utilizing a network model, coupled to in vitro secretion profiling, we identified STAT3 programming as critical in regulating this endothelial behavior. Lastly, we demonstrate how targeting STAT3 activity can abrogate endothelial inflammation and attenuate this otherwise hyperinflammatory environment. Our results demonstrate that endothelial cells play a central role in the pathophysiology of CAR T-cell toxicities and targeting the mechanisms driving the endothelial response can guide future clinical management.
Sub-annual bomb radiocarbon records from trees in northern Israel
Authors: Raj Harsh , Ehrlich Yael , Regev Lior , Mintz Eugenia , Boaretto Elisabetta 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSpatial and temporal variations in the atmospheric bomb radiocarbon make it a very useful tracer and a dating tool. With the introduction of more atmospheric bomb radiocarbon records, the spatial and temporal changes in bomb radiocarbon are becoming clearer. Bomb radiocarbon record from a pine tree in the northern Israel region shows that the Δ14C level in the region is closer to the northern hemisphere zone (NH) 1 as compared to the northern hemisphere zone (NH) 2. A comparison of this pine's Δ14C record with a nearby olive tree's Δ14C values also highlights changes in the growing season of the olive wood from one year to the other. The observation suggests that olive wood 14C ages can show offset compared to the IntCal curve, and thus they should be interpreted cautiously.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Single-atoms (N, P, S) encapsulation of Ni-doped graphene/PEDOT hybrid materials as sensors for H2S gas applications: intuition from computational study
Authors: Benjamin Innocent , Louis Hitler , Ogungbemiro Festus O. , Agurokpon Daniel C. , Ekpong Bassey O. , Gber Terkumbur E. , Pembere Anthony M. S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis comprehensive study was dedicated to augmenting the sensing capabilities of Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S through the strategic functionalization with nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur heteroatoms. Governed by density functional theory (DFT) computations at the gd3bj-B3LYP/def2svp level of theory, the investigation meticulously assessed the performance efficacy of electronically tailored nanocomposites in detecting H2S gas—a corrosive byproduct generated by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), bearing latent threats to infrastructure integrity especially in the oil and gas industry. Impressively, the analysed systems, comprising Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S, N_Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S, P_Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S, and S_Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S, unveiled both structural and electronic properties of noteworthy distinction, thereby substantiating their heightened reactivity. Results of adsorption studies revealed distinct adsorption energies (− 13.0887, − 10.1771, − 16.8166, and − 14.0955 eV) associated respectively with N_Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S, P_Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S, S_Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S, and Ni@GP_PEDOT systems. These disparities vividly underscored the diverse strengths of the adsorbed H2S on the surfaces, significantly accentuating the robustness of S_Ni@GP_PEDOT@H2S as a premier adsorbent, fuelled by the notably strong sulfur-surface interactions. Fascinatingly, the sensor descriptor findings unveiled multifaceted facets pivotal for H2S detection. Ultimately, molecular dynamic simulations corroborated the cumulative findings, collectively underscoring the pivotal significance of this study in propelling the domain of H2S gas detection and sensor device innovation.
Spatially interactive modeling of land change identifies location-specific adaptations most likely to lower future flood risk
Authors: Sanchez Georgina M. , Petrasova Anna , Skrip Megan M. , Collins Elyssa L. , Lawrimore Margaret A. , Vogler John B. , Terando Adam , Vukomanovic Jelena , Mitasova Helena , Meentemeyer Ross K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImpacts of sea level rise will last for centuries; therefore, flood risk modeling must transition from identifying risky locations to assessing how populations can best cope. We present the first spatially interactive (i.e., what happens at one location affects another) land change model (FUTURES 3.0) that can probabilistically predict urban growth while simulating human migration and other responses to flooding, essentially depicting the geography of impact and response. Accounting for human migration reduced total amounts of projected developed land exposed to flooding by 2050 by 5%–24%, depending on flood hazard zone (50%–0.2% annual probability). We simulated various “what-if” scenarios and found managed retreat to be the only intervention with predicted exposure below baseline conditions. In the business-as-usual scenario, existing and future development must be either protected or abandoned to cope with future flooding. Our open framework can be applied to different regions and advances local to regional-scale efforts to evaluate potential risks and tradeoffs.
Numerical analysis of slip-enhanced flow over a curved surface with magnetized water-based hybrid nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms
Authors: Yasmin Humaira , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Tassaddiq Asifa , Raizah Zehba , Alrabaiah Hussam , Saeed Anwar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article presents the two-dimensional flow of hybrid nanofluid comprising of gyrotactic microorganisms under the consequences of multiple slip conditions, magnetic field and thermal radiation across an elongating curved surface using porous media. The nanoparticles of TiO2 and Fe3O4 have dispersed in water for composition of hybrid nanofluid. Main equations of the problem are converted to ODEs by using an appropriate set of variables. Solution of the present model is determined with the help of bvp4c technique, which is explained in detail in the coming section. Validation of the current results is done versus the published work. The effects of various emerging factors on flow distributions have been considered and explained. Additionally, the slips conditions are incorporated to analyze various flow distributions. The present outcomes show that the rising magnetic factor lessens the velocity profile, whereas rises the temperature profile. The curvature factor has supported both temperature and velocity distributions. Growth in velocity, thermal, concentration, and microorganisms slip factors reduce the corresponding distributions. The greater impact of the embedded parameters is found on hybrid nanofluid flow when matched to nanofluid flow.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the spontaneous reporting and signal detection of adverse drug events
Authors: Montes-Grajales Diana , Garcia-Serna Ricard , Mestres Jordi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExternal factors severely affecting in a short period of time the spontaneous reporting of adverse events (AEs) can significantly impact drug safety signal detection. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represented an enormous challenge for health systems, with over 767 million cases and massive vaccination campaigns involving over 70% of the worldwide population. This study investigates the potential masking effect on certain AEs caused by the substantial increase in reports solely related to COVID-19 vaccines within various spontaneous reporting systems (SRSs). Three SRSs were used to monitor AEs reporting before and during the pandemic, namely, the World Health Organisation (WHO) global individual case safety reports database (VigiBase®), the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database (JADER). Findings revealed a sudden over-reporting of 35 AEs (≥ 200%) during the pandemic, with an increment of the RRF value in 2021 of at least double the RRF reported in 2020. This translates into a substantial reduction in signals of disproportionate reporting (SDR) due to the massive inclusion of COVID-19 vaccine reports. To mitigate the masking effect of COVID-19 vaccines in post-marketing SRS analyses, we recommend utilizing COVID-19-corrected versions for a more accurate assessment.
A versatile high-average-power ultrafast infrared driver tailored for high-harmonic generation and vibrational spectroscopy
Authors: Thiré Nicolas , Chatterjee Gourab , Pertot Yoann , Albert Olivier , Karras Gabriel , Zhang Yu , Wyatt Adam S. , Towrie Michael , Springate Emma , Greetham Gregory M. , Forget Nicolas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report on an ultrafast infrared optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier (OPCPA), pumped by a 200-W thin-disk Yb-based regenerative amplifier at a repetition rate of 100 kHz. The OPCPA is tunable in the spectral range 1.4–3.9 $$\upmu $$
μ
m, generating up to 23 W of < 100-fs signal and 13 W of < 200-fs idler pulses for infrared spectroscopy, with additional spectral filtering capabilities for Raman spectroscopy. The OPCPA can also yield 19 W of 49-fs 1.75-$$\upmu $$
μ
m signal or 5 W of 62-fs 2.8-$$\upmu $$
μ
m idler pulses with active carrier-to-envelope-phase (CEP) stabilisation for high-harmonic generation (HHG). We illustrate the versatility of the laser design, catering to various experimental requirements for probing ultrafast science.
Differential effects of climate change on average and peak demand for heating and cooling across the contiguous USA
Authors: Amonkar Yash , Doss-Gollin James , Farnham David J. , Modi Vijay , Lall Upmanu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhile most electricity systems are designed to handle peak demand during summer months, long-term energy pathways consistent with deep decarbonization generally electrify building heating, thus increasing electricity demand during winter. A key question is how climate variability and change will affect peak heating and cooling demand in an electrified future. We conduct a spatially explicit analysis of trends in temperature-based proxies of electricity demand over the past 70 years. Average annual demand for heating (cooling) decreases (increases) over most of the contiguous US. However, while climate change drives robust increases in peak cooling demand, trends in peak heating demand are generally smaller and less robust. Because the distribution of temperature exhibits a long left tail, severe cold snaps dominate the extremes of thermal demand. As building heating electrifies, system operators must account for these events to ensure reliability.
Antibiotic resistance patterns in soils across the Scottish landscape
Authors: Pagaling Eulyn , Hough Rupert , Avery Lisa , Robinson Lucinda , Freitag Thomas , Coull Malcolm , Zhou Xinyuan , Su Jian-Qiang , Peshkur Tatyana , Zhu Yong-Guan , Graham David W. , Knapp Charles W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe environment disseminates antimicrobial-resistance genes; however, it remains challenging to distinguish whether human activities exacerbate antimicrobial resistance or what is natural. Here, we quantified ~300 resistance-related genes in 200+ Scottish soil samples. Location or land use does not explain gene differences, but nutrient levels reduce gene richness. Elevated levels of metals increased gene richness, and selenium increased transposase levels. Rainfall and persistent organic pollutants also increased transposase relative abundance, possibly promoting conditions conducive to the horizontal transfer of antimicrobial-resistance genes. Selenium and polychlorinated biphenyls were primary factors in gene abundance, while polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and pH influenced gene diversity. Polychlorinated biphenyls are derived from anthropogenic activities, highlighting human activities’ potential impact on gene prevalence. This is the first national-scale, high spatial resolution dataset of antimicrobial-resistance genes in Scottish soils and provides a novel resource on which to build future studies.
Domestication of the Amazonian fruit tree cupuaçu may have stretched over the past 8000 years
Authors: Colli-Silva Matheus , Richardson James E. , Neves Eduardo G. , Watling Jennifer , Figueira Antonio , Pirani José Rubens 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAmazonia, one of the largest and most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth, is a significant yet less-known arena for ancient plant domestication. Here, we traced the origins of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), an Amazonian tree crop closely related to cacao (T. cacao), cherished for its flavorful seed-pulp, by employing an extensive genomic analysis based on data from four sites in Brazil. Our results indicate that cupuaçu is a domesticated variant of its wild relative, cupuí (T. subincanum), probably originating from the Middle-Upper Rio Negro basin. A first phase of domestication is observed through a genetic bottleneck that we estimated to have occurred 5000–8000 years before the present. Moreover, we found further reductions in genetic diversity that we estimated to have occurred during the modern era. This is consistent with a second phase of domestication that was accompanied by an increase in the geographic distribution of cupuaçu over the last two centuries. Unraveling cupuaçu’s origins adds it to the roster of plants domesticated by Amazonian indigenous people in the early to mid-Holocene. Our results suggest that Amazonia’s current patterns of genetic diversity and distribution of domesticated plants were influenced by both pre-Columbian and modern histories.
New upper bounds on the Gaussian Q‐function via Jensen's inequality and integration by parts, and applications in symbol error probability analysis
Authors: Zheng Hang‐Dan , Wu Ming‐Wei , Qiu Hang , Kam Pooi‐Yuen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUsing Jensen's inequality and integration by parts, some tight upper bounds are derived on the Gaussian Q‐function. The tightness of the bounds obtained by Jensen's inequality can be improved by increasing the number of exponential terms, and one of them is invertible. A piece‐wise upper bound is obtained and its application in the analysis of the symbol error probability of various modulation schemes in different channel models is shown.
CO2 emissions and delivery time of last‐mile drone delivery using trucks
Authors: Hur Sung Ho , Won Minsu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe shift in consumer behaviour from in‐person to online shopping has led to an increase in parcel delivery volume and its associated negative impacts, such as CO2 emissions in cities. With the emergence of drone‐delivery technologies, the authors analyzed a joint delivery method using drones and trucks, which is an emerging alternative solution for last‐mile delivery in terms of CO2 emissions and delivery time. The analysis verified the highest possible level of reduction in CO2 emissions for the simultaneous and strategic operation of drones and trucks compared to diesel‐ or electric‐only truck operations. Moreover, this approach leads to reduced delivery times. A sensitivity analysis was performed to optimize the delivery‐drone flight performance in a drone‐and‐truck delivery strategy. It was found that a 1.5‐km drone flight performance was sufficient when considering the reasonable assumptions adopted in this study. Furthermore, based on the analysis results, drone‐and‐truck cooperative delivery strategies may not provide a significant advantage in terms of CO2 emissions compared with alternative transportation modes, such as fuel‐cell trucks with sufficiently low emissions. It has been empirically verified that changes in CO2 emissions are proportional to the number of clusters. However, there is a risk of local optima due to microscopic fluctuations among neighbouring cluster numbers, which occurs during the search for the optimal number of clusters.
The Bi–O edge wavefront sensor
Authors: Vérinaud C. , Héritier C. T. , Kasper M. , Tallon M. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Direct detection of exoplanets around nearby stars requires advanced adaptive optics (AO) systems. High-order systems are needed to reach a high Strehl ratio (SR) in near-infrared and optical wavelengths on future giant segmented-mirror telescopes (GSMTs). Direct detection of faint exoplanets with the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) will require some tens of thousands of correction modes. The resolution and sensitivity of the wavefront sensor (WFS) are key requirements for this science case. We present a new class of WFSs, the bi-orthogonal Foucault knife-edge sensors (or Bi–O edge), that is directly inspired by the Foucault knife-edge test. The idea consists of using a beam-splitter producing two foci, each of which is sensed by an edge with a direction orthogonal to the other focus.Aims. We describe two implementation concepts: The Bi–O edge sensor can be realised with a sharp edge and a tip-tilt modulation device (sharp Bi–O edge) or with a smooth gradual transmission over a grey edge (grey Bi–O edge). A comparison of the Bi–O edge concepts and the four-sided classical pyramid wavefront sensor (PWS) gives some important insights into the nature of the measurements.Methods. We analytically computed the photon noise error propagation, and we compared the results to end-to-end simulations of a closed-loop AO system.Results. Our analysis shows that the sensitivity gain of the Bi–O edge with respect to the PWS depends on the system configuration. The gain is a function of the number of control modes and the modulation angle. We found that for the sharp Bi–O edge, the gain in reduction of propagated photon noise variance approaches a theoretical factor of 2 for a large number of control modes and small modulation angle, meaning that the sharp Bi–O edge only needs half of the photons of the PWS to reach similar measurement accuracy. In contrast, the PWS is twice more sensitive than the Bi–O edge in the case of very low order correction and/or large modulation angles. Preliminary end-to-end simulations illustrate some of the results. The grey version of the Bi–O edge opens the door to advanced amplitude filtering, which replaces the need for a tip-tilt modulator while keeping the same dynamic range. We show that an additional factor of 2 in reduction of propagated photon noise variance can be obtained for high orders, such that the theoretical maximum gain of a factor of 4 in photon efficiency can be obtained. A diffractive Fourier model that accurately includes the effect of modulation and control modes shows that for the extreme AO (XAO) system configuration of the ELT, the overall gain will well exceed one magnitude in guide-star brightness when compared to the modulated PWS.Conclusions. We conclude that the Bi–O edge is an excellent candidate sensor for future very high order Adaptive Optics systems, in particular on GSMTs.
TANAMI: Tracking active galactic nuclei with austral milliarcsecond interferometry
Authors: Benke P. , Rösch F. , Ros E. , Kadler M. , Ojha R. , Edwards P. G. , Horiuchi S. , Hyland L. J. , Phillips C. , Quick J. F. H. , Stevens J. , Tzioumis A. K. , Weston S. 
Published: November 2023

Context.With the emergence of very high energy astronomy (VHE;E >100 GeV), new open questions were presented to astronomers studying the multi-wavelength emission from blazars. Answers to these open questions, such as the Doppler crisis, and finding the location of the high-energy activity have eluded us thus far. Recently, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength monitoring programs have shown considerable success in investigating blazar activity.Aims.Such quasi-simultaneous observations across the electromagnetic spectrum became possible thanks to the launch of theFermiGamma-ray Space Telescope in 2008. In addition, with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations, we can resolve the central parsec region of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and compare morphological changes to γ-ray activity in order to study high-energy-emitting blazars. To achieve our goals, we need sensitive, long-term VLBI monitoring of a complete sample of VHE-detected AGN.Methods.We performed VLBI observations of TeV-detected AGN and high-likelihood neutrino associations as of December of 2021 with the Long Baseline Array (LBA) and other southern-hemisphere radio telescopes at 2.3 GHz.Results.In this paper, we present first light TANAMIS-band images, focusing on the TeV-detected subsample of the full TANAMI sample. In addition to these VHE-detected sources, we show images of two flux density calibrators and two additional sources included in the observations. We study the redshift, 0.1–100 GeV photon flux, andS-band core brightness temperature distributions of the TeV-detected objects, and find that flat-spectrum radio quasars and low-synchrotron-peaked sources on average show higher brightness temperatures than high-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs. Sources with bright GeVγ-ray emission also show higher brightness temperature values thanγ-low sources.Conclusions.Long-term monitoring programs are crucial for studying the multiwavelength properties of AGN. With the successful detection of even the faintest sources, with flux densities below 50 mJy, future work will entail kinematic analysis and spectral studies both at 2.3 and 8.4 GHz to investigate the connection between the radio andγ-ray activity of these objects.
Management of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Severe Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Nielsen Mathias Haargaard , Bor Mustafa Vakur 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report a case of a 58-year-old man with recurrent unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and severe immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) with a platelet count of 19 × 109/L. We further review studies reporting venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with severe ITP (≤ 35 × 109/L) and identified 14 patients highlighting VTE risk factors and management of these patients. The present case had several risk factors for VTE (previous DVT, obesity, heterozygosity for factor V Leiden mutation, and previous splenectomy). The patient was initially treated with low-molecular-weight heparin followed by long-term apixaban treatment. The literature review together with our case demonstrates that VTE in severe ITP (≤ 35 × 109/L) can occur in patients with VTE risk factors and antithrombotic management of these patients can be achieved without bleeding depending on severity of thrombocytopenia either by full or reduced dose of anticoagulation together with ITP therapy.