bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the tangent linear and adjoint models of the global online chemical transport model MPAS-CO2 v7.3
Authors: Zheng Tao , Feng Sha , Steward Jeffrey , Tian Xiaoxu , Baker David , Baxter Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We describe the development of the tangent linear (TL) and adjoint models of the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS)-CO2 transport model, which is a global online chemical transport model developed upon the non-hydrostatic Model for Prediction Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A). The primary goal is to make the model system a valuable research tool for investigating atmospheric carbon transport and inverse modeling. First, we develop the TL code, encompassing all CO2 transport processes within the MPAS-CO2 forward model. Then, we construct the adjoint model using a combined strategy involving re-calculation and storage of the essential meteorological variables needed for CO2 transport. This strategy allows the adjoint model to undertake a long-period integration with moderate memory demands. To ensure accuracy, the TL and adjoint models undergo vigorous verifications through a series of standard tests. The adjoint model, through backward-in-time integration, calculates the sensitivity of atmospheric CO2 observations to surface CO2 fluxes and the initial atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio. To demonstrate the utility of the newly developed adjoint model, we conduct simulations for two types of atmospheric CO2 observations, namely the tower-based in situ CO2 mixing ratio and satellite-derived column-averaged CO2 mixing ratio (XCO2). A comparison between the sensitivity to surface flux calculated by the MPAS-CO2 adjoint model with its counterpart from CarbonTracker–Lagrange (CT-L) reveals a spatial agreement but notable magnitude differences. These differences, particularly evident for XCO2, might be attributed to the two model systems' differences in the simulation configuration, spatial resolution, and treatment of vertical mixing processes. Moreover, this comparison highlights the substantial loss of information in the atmospheric CO2 observations due to CT-L's spatial domain limitation. Furthermore, the adjoint sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the sensitivities to both surface flux and initial CO2 conditions spread out throughout the entire Northern Hemisphere within a month. MPAS-CO2 forward, TL, and adjoint models stand out for their calculation efficiency and variable-resolution capability, making them competitive in computational cost. In conclusion, the successful development of the MPAS-CO2 TL and adjoint models, and their integration into the MPAS-CO2 system, establish the possibility of using MPAS's unique features in atmospheric CO2 transport sensitivity studies and in inverse modeling with advanced methods such as variational data assimilation.
ЖЕЛ ГЕНЕРАТОРЫНЫҢ ӘРТҮРЛІ ТҮРЛЕРІН КРИТИКАЛЫҚ РЕЖИМДЕ МОДЕЛЬДЕУ
Authors: Тультаев Бауржан , Кобдикова Шамсигуль , Кабашева Мирей , Адильханов Ержан , Фазылова Aлина 
Published: February 2024

Бұл мақалада Алматы қаласының климаттық жағдайларына барынша сай келетін жел генераторларының әртүрлі роторларының сипаттамаларына салыстырмалы талдау жүргізіледі. Таңдалған жел генераторлары критикалық жұмыс режимінде, яғни жел жылдамдығының максималды мәніне зерттелген. Алматы қаласы үшін ротордың оңтайлы нұсқасын таңдау мақсатында жел генераторларының негізгі сипаттамаларына сыни талдау жүргізіледі. Негізгі сипаттамаларды талдау, олардың ерекшеліктері мен жел генераторының басқару блогын кейіннен жобалау үшін ротор моделін таңдау мәселесін шешу мүмкіндіктерін зерттеу арқылы. Ротордың оңтайлы моделін таңдау үшін бірқатар зерттеулер жүргізу қажет. Осылайша, жел генераторларының негізгі модельдері таңдалды және SolidWorks бағдарламалық ортасында компьютерлік модельдеуді қолдана отырып, бірдей климаттық жағдайларда әртүрлі модельдер зерттелді. Таңдалған модель таңдалған аймақтың берілген табиғи жағдайларына толығымен сәйкес келуі керек, онда желдің максималды жылдамдығы және ротордың барлық зерттелген модельдері үшін осы маңызды мән белгіленеді.
On the Aesthetics and Politics of Neoconservatism in Postwar Japan and America
Authors: Hurley Brian 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
This article explores the aesthetic and political dimensions of neoconservative thought in postwar Japan and America. Although neoconservatism today is most often associated with hawkish foreign policy positions and the mythos of American hegemony, it first emerged in the realm of 1960s and post-1960s cultural criticism, much of which was composed by right-of-center literary intellectuals in particular. This article explores how in that earlier context, one of the most distinctive models for answering the cultural questions that motivated the emergence of neoconservatism as an article of global thought appeared in a body of writing centered on Japan. Putting the ideas expressed by the noted American neoconservatives Irving Kristol and Norman Podhoretz into dialogue with the writings of the conservative Japanese literary critic Etō Jun, the ruminations on Japanese cultural conservatism by the American scholar of Japanese literature Edward Seidensticker, the memoirs of the Sony CEO Morita Akio and the former Japanese prime minister Abe Shinzō, and the writings of the noted Japanese neoconservative novelist-turned-politician Ishihara Shintarō, the article argues that the articulation of neoconservative ideals in postwar Japan ultimately provided a model to conservative market advocates worldwide for how to integrate the seemingly incompatible logics of community and capitalism through a cultural synthesis.
Sàng lọc hoạt tính kháng vi sinh vật của tinh dầu thuộc chi Ocimum, họ Hoa Môi (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Nguyễn Thanh Tố Nhi  , Lê Thị Thu Trang  , Trần Thị Hoàng Ngọc  , Trần Thủy Tiên  , Võ Phát Thịnh  
Published: February 2024

Nghiên cứu này xác định thành phần hóa học chính, nồng độ ức chế tối thiểu vi khuẩn phân lập (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration - MIC), nồng độ diệt khuẩn tối thiểu (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration - MBC), và nồng độ diệt nấm tối thiểu (Minimum Fungicidal Concentration - MFC) của tinh dầu 4 loài trong chi Ocimum, họ Hoa Môi (Lamiaceae): é trắng (Etr), húng quế (HQ), hương nhu trắng (HNTr) và hương nhu tía (HNT). Thành phần hóa học chính của tinh dầu được xác định bằng phương pháp sắc kí khí ghép khối phổ (GC-MS) bởi Viện Công nghệ Hóa học; giá trị MIC, MBC, MFC được xác định bằng phương pháp vi pha loãng trên môi trường lỏng, kết quả nghiên cứu đã xác định được thành phần hóa học chính của 4 mẫu tinh dầu khảo sát: citral (28,69 %) của Etr, estragole (79,18 %) của HQ, eugenol (23,49 %) của HNT và camphor (25,67 %) của HNTr. Tinh dầu Etr và HNT có tác dụng ức chế tốt nhất đối với vi khuẩn Gram dương Staphylococcus aureus nhạy methicillin (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - MSSA), Staphylococcus aureus kháng methicillin (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - MRSA) có MIC là 2,5 µL/mL, tinh dầu Etr tác dụng ức chế tốt nhất đối với vi khuẩn Gram âm E.coli và P.aeruginosa, cả hai chủng nấm C.albicans và C.tropicalis với MIC lần lượt là 5 µL/mL và 0,625 µL/mL. Đồng thời, tinh dầu HQ có tính diệt khuẩn (MBC ≈ MIC) tốt đối với C. albicans có MFC là 5 µL/mL, tinh dầu Etr có tính diệt khuẩn tốt lên E.coli và P.aeruginosa với MBC là 5 µL/mL.
Investigate the effect of hydrothermal temperature on the structure and characterization of 20 % ZnO-Cu2O nanocomposite
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyet Mai  , Nguyen Thi Lan  , Nguyen Kim Nga  , Ta Ngon Dung  , Huynh Chinh Dang  
Published: February 2024

The ZnO with 20 mol.% was hybridized with Cu2O to fabricate nanocomposites (20 % ZnO-Cu2O (ZC NCs)) were prepared by hydrothermal method at the investigated temperatures of (120, 200 and 250) ℃. The structural properties and characterization of the materials were investigated by physical measurements including: XRD, SEM, EDX and solid sample UV-Vis spectra. The results showed that the fabricated material samples consist of two crystalline phases (ZnO wurtzite and Cu2O octahedra) with calculated lattice parameters that were suitable for each type of crystal of the material. The average crystal sizes of the ZC120, ZC200 and ZC250 samples were (20.08, 20.36 and 22.50) nm respectively, which were grown lager when the hydrothermal temperature increase. The optical bandgap energy (Eg) of the ZC120, ZC200 and ZC250 material samples was determined to be (2.51, 2.52 and 2.56) eV, respectively. These Eg values of the fabricated ZC NCs samples were intermediate between the two types of ZnO (Eg ~ 3.37 eV) and Cu2O (Eg ~ 2.17 eV) materials, and was valid in the excitation region of visible light.
® 2023 Journal of Science and Technology − NTTU
THE IMPACT OF E-SERVICE QUALITY ON E-LOYALTY THROUGH THE MEDIATING EFFECTS OF E-SATISFACTION AND E-TRUST IN LEBANON
Authors: Chmeis Suzanne Talal Jamal Eddine , Zaiter Rushdi 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study seeks to explore the relationships between e-service quality, e-satisfaction, e-trust, and e-loyalty within the context of Lebanon's digital landscape. By investigating the mediating effects of e-satisfaction and e-trust, the research aims to provide nuanced insights into the intricate dynamics shaping e-loyalty in the Lebanese online environment. The findings are anticipated to contribute valuable knowledge for businesses and policymakers seeking to enhance electronic service offerings and foster customer loyalty in the digital realm.

Design/methodology/data analysis: In this comprehensive quantitative study, a validated questionnaire was deployed to survey Lebanon's diverse online shopper demographic. The participation of 2378 individuals from varied backgrounds added depth and representativeness to the data. The analytical phase employed T-test, ANOVA, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques, leveraging SPSS software for robust statistical analysis and interpretation. This methodological approach ensures a thorough examination of the dynamics influencing online shopping behavior in the Lebanese context.

Findings: Highlighting critical insights for E-commerce and e-retail, this study emphasizes the pivotal role of website efficiency and information quality. The findings underscore that a streamlined website contributes significantly to fostering customer trust, satisfaction, and loyalty. These essential factors identified in the study illuminate the pathway for businesses to enhance their online platforms, ultimately strengthening the bonds with customers and cultivating sustained loyalty in the digital realm.

Originality/value: This study is important because the pandemic and lockdowns have changed consumer purchasing behaviour. Customers are more critical of e-commerce platforms and more comfortable using multiple devices to access online stores and apps as they shop more online.

Practical implications: This study is timely and relevant for businesses trying to stay competitive in the changing e-commerce landscape due to consumer behaviour changes.
Approaches for Performance Verification Toward Standardization of Peripheral Blood Regulatory T-Cell Detection by Flow Cytometry
Authors: Liu Mei , Liu Jin-Peng , Wang Pan , Fu Ya-Jing , Zhao Min , Jiang Yong-Jun , Zhang Zi-Ning , Shang Hong 
Published: February 2024

Context.—
Regulatory T-cell (Treg) detection in peripheral blood, based on flow cytometry, is invaluable for diagnosis and treatment of immune-mediated diseases. However, there is a lack of reliable methods to verify the performance, which is pivotal toward standardization of the Tregs assay.

Objective.—
To conduct standardization studies and verify the performance of 3 commercially available reagent sets for the Tregs assay based on flow cytometry and agreement analysis for Treg detection across the different reagent sets.

Design.—
The analytical performance of Tregs assay using reagent sets supplied by 3 manufacturers was evaluated after establishing the gating strategy and determining the optimal antibody concentration. Postcollection sample stability was evaluated, as well as the repeatability, reproducibility, reportable range, linearity, and assay carryover. Agreement between the different assays was assessed via Bland-Altman plots and linear regression analysis. The relationship between the frequency of CD4+CD25+CD127low/− Tregs and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs was evaluated.

Results.—
The postcollection sample stability was set at 72 hours after collection at room temperature. The accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, and accuracy all met the requirements for clinical analysis. Excellent linearity, with R2 ≥0.9 and no assay carryover, was observed. For reportable range, a minimum of 1000 events in the CD3+CD4+ gate was required for Tregs assay. Moreover, the results for Tregs labeled by antibodies from the 3 manufacturers were in good agreement. The percentage of CD4+CD25+CD127low/− Tregs was closely correlated with CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs.

Conclusions.—
This is the first study to evaluate systematically the measurement performance of Tregs in peripheral blood by flow cytometry, which provides a practical solution to verifying the performance of flow cytometry–based immune monitoring projects in clinical practice.
Neoplastic Progression in Macroscopic Precursor Lesions of the Pancreas
Authors: Thompson Elizabeth D. 
Published: February 2024

Context.—
Macroscopic precursor lesions of the pancreas represent a complex clinical management problem. Molecular characterization of pancreatic cysts has helped to confirm and refine clinical and pathologic classifications of these lesions, inform our understanding of tumorigenesis in the pancreas, and provide opportunities for preoperative diagnosis.

Objective.—
To review the pathologic classification of macroscopic cystic lesions of the pancreas: intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs), intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms (IOPNs), and intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms (ITPNs), and to describe our current state of understanding of their molecular underpinnings, relationship to invasive carcinomas, and implications for diagnosis and prognostication.

Data Sources.—
We assessed the current primary literature and current World Health Organization Classification of Digestive System Tumours.

Conclusions.—
Macroscopic cystic lesions of the pancreas are morphologically and molecularly diverse. IPMNs and MCNs share mucinous cytoplasm with papillae. MCNs are defined by ovarian-type stroma. IOPNs have granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli, and complex, arborizing papillae. ITPNs demonstrate complex, back-to-back tubules and anastomosing papillae and lack prominent intracellular mucin. IPMNs and MCNs are characterized by driver mutations in KRAS/GNAS (IPMNs) and KRAS (MCNs), with later driver events in RNF43, CDKN2A, SMAD4, and TP53. In contrast, IOPNs and ITPNs have recurrent rearrangements in PRKACA/PRKACB and MAPK-associated genes, respectively. The recurrent alterations described in cysts provide an opportunity for diagnosis using aspirated cyst fluid. Molecular characterization of IPMNs shows a striking spatial and mutational heterogeneity, challenging traditional models of neoplastic development and creating challenges to interpretation of cyst fluid sequencing results.
İŞKENCE VE KÖTÜ MUAMELEYİ ÖNLEME DOKTRİNİNİN KURUMSAL YAPILANMASI: ULUSAL ÖNLEME MEKANİZMASI
Authors: KILIÇ Muharrem 
Published: February 2024

Kadim tarihsel izlekte şiddet ilk olarak, benin öteki ben üzerinde çıplak güç gösterimiyle çeşitlenen araçlarla bir ‘beden kıyımı’ olarak tezahür etmiştir. Arkaik referans kodları üzerinden biçimlenen şiddet türleri, tarihsel süreklilik içerisinde mitselleşen ve ritüelleşen bir eyleme dönüşmüştür. Devletin “şiddet tekeli” üzerinden üretmiş olduğu tahakküm gücünün en önemli aracı olarak bedensel tecziye, suçlu bedenin araçsallaştırılmasıyla iktidar aygıtının gücünü tahkim etmektedir. Sözleşmesel temelde mutlak cezalandırma yetkesine sahip olan devlet, bu yetkesini kamusal bir otorite göstergesi olarak ortaya koymaktadır.
İşkenceyi önleme, işkence ve kötü muamele risklerini tanımlamayı ve işkence ve kötü muamelenin meydana gelme ihtimalinin daha düşük olduğu bir ortam yaratmayı amaçlayan ‘küresel bir strateji’ olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İşkenceyi önleme doktrini kolektif hukuksal aklın bir ürünü olarak sözleşmesel ve kurumsal üst çerçeveye sahiptir. Birden fazla bildirge, sözleşme ve bunlara ek protokoller, insan hakları yargılamasının içtihatları ve ulusal-anayasal normlar bir bütün olarak işkenceyi önleme doktrinini oluşturmaktadır.
Bireylerin bedensel ve ruhsal bütünlüğüne saldırı niteliğindeki işkence ve kötü muamelenin yasaklanmasının, tüm dünyaya gerek normatif gerekse de kurumsal düzlemde uluslararası uzlaşıyla deklare edilmesi önemli bir paradigmatik yaklaşımı temsil etmektedir. Tarihsel süreçte, ‘işkence yasağı’ ekseninde giderek çeşitlenen normatif alanlar ve alt-kurumsal mekanizmalar üretilmiştir. Böylelikle kişilerin özgürlüklerinden yoksun bırakıldıkları yerlere düzenli ve/ya ad hoc ziyaret yetkisini haiz evrensel, bölgesel ve ulusal kurumsal yapılar inşa edilmiştir. Bu noktada işkenceyi önleme politikalarının yalnızca evrensel düzeyde kalmayıp yerel kurumsal yapıların da inşa edilerek bu politikanın ayrılmaz bir paydaşı haline getirilmesinin kritik önemi haizdir. Nitekim yerel ölçekte hapishanelerin izlenmesi ve denetlenmesi, sorunlu alanlara sızarak etkili bir strateji benimsemenin en önemli yoludur.
Marsupialização de cisto residual em serviço de odontologia hospitalar
Authors: Santos Aline , Fonseca Silva Angelo , Oliveira Teles Ana Cláudia , Soares Ribeiro Pedro Henrique , Campos Silva Herberth , Fonseca da Silva Thiago 
Published: February 2024

Os cistos são manifestações patológicas que se apresentam na forma de cavidades contendo líquido em seu interior. Entre os cistos odontogênicos, destaca-se o cisto residual, sendo um dos mais comumente descritos pela comunidade científica.O tratamento mais indicado para o cisto residual é a marsupialização cirúrgica, seguida pela enucleação, no entanto, é importante destacar que os cistos não tratados podem enfraquecer os maxilares. Por outro lado, os cistos residuais tratados adequadamente geralmente apresentam uma resposta positiva no pós-operatório, com o organismo promovendo a reparação óssea. Embora a terapia cirúrgica seja recomendada para tratar a lesão, é fundamental monitorar de perto a condição de saúde geral do paciente a fim de prevenir complicações decorrentes do tratamento.Os procedimentos odontológicos realizados em ambiente hospitalar são diversificados, variando do mais básico ao de alta complexidade que necessita de um amparo tecnológico maior.Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o tratamento de um cisto residual de uma paciente idosa, realizado em um serviço de odontologia hospitalar promovido por um hospital escola privado conveniado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), na cidade de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais.
APPLICATION OF PIONA CHARACTERISATION IN REFINERY PROCESS MODELING
Authors: Hashim Hasnor Hassaruddin 
Published: February 2024

Refinery feed and product streams consist of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons ranging from C1 molecules to C200 and higher molecules depending on the fluid type (e.g., crude feed, kerosene products, Residue, etc.). The traditional approach to characterise the refinery fluid is by generating Pseudo-components based on the fluid laboratory analysis, mainly the boiling point range and the fluid bulk properties analysis. Although this approach to define the refinery process feeds and products can capture the required mass and energy balance to a certain extent, a much detailed analysis of the refinery fluid cannot be performed with a high degree of accuracy due to the inherent limitation in the traditional Pseudo-component definition approach. A case study on the new simulation approach was performed by defining the refinery fluid characterisation using the PIONA distribution methodology using a commercial process simulator. A comparison was made between traditional Pseudo-component characterisation vs. PIONA characterisation on the simulation results and calculated parameters. A significant improvement in simulated parameters was observed, contributing to higher accuracy in refinery process modelling. In addition, this new PIONA characterisation approach will support rigorous modelling of various refinery reactors for better reactor performance prediction.
Keywords: Refinery Process Simulation, Refinery Fluid Characterisation, PIONA, Pseudo-component, Refinery Product Properties
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C/T gene polymorphism, gastric cancer susceptibility and genomic DNA hypomethylation in an at‐risk Italian population
Authors: Graziano Francesco , Kawakami Kazuyuki , Ruzzo Annamaria , Watanabe Go , Santini Daniele , Pizzagalli Francesca , Bisonni Renato , Mari Davide , Floriani Irene , Catalano Vincenzo , Silva Rosarita , Tonini Giuseppe , Torri Valter , Giustini Lucio , Magnani Mauro 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe performed a case‐control study to examine the relationship between MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism (MTHFR677C/T) and gastric cancer susceptibility in at‐risk populations in central Italy. To explore genomic DNA hypomethylation as a potential etiologic mechanism, this phenomenon was evaluated in carriers of the MTHFR677T/T genotype and carriers of the wild‐type MTHFR677C/C genotype. Lymphocyte genomic DNA from 162 gastric cancer patients and 164 controls was used for MTHFR677C/T genotyping. Unconditional regression analysis with ORs and 95% CIs was used to investigate the association of the polymorphism with disease. Genomic DNA methylation status by an established enzymatic assay that measures the DNA accepting capacity of methyl groups (inversely related to endogenous methylation) was assessed in a random sample of 40 carriers of the wild‐type MTHFR677C/C genotype and 40 carriers of the MTHFR677T/T genotype. The global allelic distribution was in Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium. The MTHFR677T allele was significantly associated with gastric cancer risk with an OR of 2.49 (95% CI 1.48–4.20) in heterozygous MTHFR677C/T carriers and an OR of 2.85 (95% CI 1.52–5.35) in homozygous MTHFR677T/T carriers. This risk association was retained in subgroup analyses by tumor histotype and location. Genomic DNA hypomethylation status in MTHFR677T/T carriers was significantly higher than in subjects with wild‐type MTHF677C/C genotype (p = 0.012). In the studied population, MTHFR677T played the role of a moderate‐penetrance gastric cancer susceptibility allele. Possession of the MTHFR677T/T genotype was significantly associated with genomic DNA hypomethylation. These findings deserve further investigation in the context of novel strategies for gastric cancer prevention. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.