bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bifunctional antibody targeting PD-1 and TGF-β signaling has antitumor activity in combination with radiotherapy and attenuates radiation-induced lung injury
Authors: Wang Sheng , Xu Duo , Wang Yuan , Zhou Yuehua , Xiao Lingyan , Li Fang , Tu Jingyao , Qin Wan , Tian Sidan , Zheng Bolong , Wang Yihua , Yuan Xiang-lin , Liu Yuanhui , Liu Bo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Radio-immunotherapy has antitumor activity but also causes toxicity, which limits its clinical application. JS-201 is a dual antibody targeting PD-1 and TGF-β signaling. We investigated the antitumour effect of JS-201 combined with radiotherapy and the effect on radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). Different tumor models were established to detect the antitumor effects of the combination of JS-201 and RT, and RILI models were established to observe the effects of JS-201. Transcriptome sequencing showed that JS-201 optimized the TME by inhibiting extracellular matrix formation and angiogenesis. Combining JS-201 with radiotherapy further increased the inflammatory response and immune infiltration and showed great abscopal effects in LLC-luc models. Single-cell sequencing demonstrated that JS-201 reduced fibroblast proliferation by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad pathway and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps mediated by ROS, thereby relieving radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. In conclusion, the JS-201 and radiotherapy combination enhances antitumor effects while mitigating acute and chronic RILI, and it may have potential for translational investigation as a cancer treatment strategy.
The Aspiring Confucian: Long-Term Transformation in the Analects
Authors: Connolly Tim 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aspiration, according to Agnes Callard, is the long-term process of learning new values. Confucian self- cultivation as presented in the Analects is also aimed at the reorientation of one’s values, so that instead of being guided by pleasure, comfort, or profit, we become devoted to learning, ritual, and caring for others. According to the text, this process is a long and arduous one that involves a lifelong commitment as well as a total reorganization of one’s daily pursuits. Yet for both Callard and the early Confucians a puzzle arises: how does one aspire toward values that one currently lacks at every level? In this paper, I look at some resources within the Analects for responding to this puzzle.
Indigenous Collective Rights to Consultation and Representative Speech
Authors: Lupin Dina , Townsend Leo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Indigenous participatory rights, as set out in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (undrip), are collective rights for Indigenous Peoples to have a say in decisions affecting them – something these communities are envisaged as doing “through their own representative institutions” (Article 19). However, the conditions of group representation are not clearly spelled out in the undrip or in commentaries on its provisions. Our article addresses this in two inter-connected ways. First, we distinguish genuine spokesperson speech from three other kinds of representative speech (speaking about the group, speaking as a group member, and speaking in behalf of a group). Second, we identify two minimal conditions of genuine spokesperson speech: that the spokesperson be authorised by the group in whose name they speak, and that the spokesperson speaks for the group willingly and knowingly. While relatively simple in theory, each of these conditions throws up a number of questions, such as who gets to authorise a spokesperson and how individuals might be compelled into acting as spokesperson. We conclude the paper by turning briefly to the issue of how states and the law ought to better ensure that Indigenous Peoples are able to have a say through their proper spokespersons.
British Foreign Policy and the Silencing of Mass Atrocity Crimes against the Rohingya, the Uyghurs, and in Yemen
Authors: Rall Jenni , Heinle Julia , Stahl Bernhard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The United Kingdom (UK), like many countries, vowed to the prevention and condemnation of mass atrocity crimes. Yet mass atrocity crimes seem to have flourished in the last decade, and little has been done to prevent and stop them. The article starts from the assumption that action on the international level looks bleak because important states increasingly silence mass atrocity crimes. Considering the UK’s former prestige as a ‘leading hawk’ in the Kosovo crisis and regarding the responsibility to protect and humanitarian intervention, the country looks like a difficult case for our thesis. Theoretically, the emerging concept of ‘silencing’ will be employed to understand how foreign policy inaction is backed up in the domestic political discourse. We will examine three proven cases (committed against the Rohingya, the Uyghurs, and in Yemen) and show to what extent not only the government but also the entire political class has been silencing mass atrocity crimes.
The phylogenetic position of Tshangla
Authors: GERBER Pascal , GROLLMANN Selin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the past, linguists such as Shafer (1955), Bradley (1997) and Noonan (2008) repeatedly assigned the Tshangla branch of the Trans-Himalayan language family a position close to Tibetan. However, no empirical evidence for this subgrouping has been brought forth, let alone shared innovations. Based on empirical data and the application of neogrammarian principles, this paper provides a reevaluation of the phylogenetic position of Tshangla. First, it is shown that Tshangla does not share the diagnostic innovations of Bodish sensu Hill (2019), i.e. Tibetan and East Bodish. Second, some first phonological, morphological and lexical innovations that define Tshangla as a subgroup of Trans-Himalayan are presented and the non-participation of Bodish in those is demonstrated. Finally, potential cognates for certain innovative features of Tshangla in other branches of Trans-Himalayan are discussed.
Malayāḷa Islam and Modernity: Being ‘Muslim’ and Being ‘Modern’ in Colonial Kerala
Authors: Ashraf Muhammed Niyas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper analyses the contours of the vision of Islamic modernity in Kerala as articulated in the work of Sayyid Sanaullah Makti Taṅṅaḷ, a reformer, thinker, writer, polemist, printer, and publisher of the nineteenth century. He was regarded as the first Muslim reformer to make an influential presence in the modern Malayalam sphere. Hence, the study would offer an assessment of Makti’s reformist initiatives and writings in Malayalam between the closing decades of the nineteenth century. Locating him as a central figure in the new public arena, this study seeks to analyze his multi-faceted efforts to the emergence of a Mappila/Muslim modernist discourse along with the realms of religion, language and education.
Exploring the potential of crossbreeding to enhance black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) production
Authors: Meyermans R. , Broeckx L. , Mondelaers J. , Gorssen W. , Frooninckx L. , Janssens S. , Van Miert S. , Buys N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The increasing world population leads to a growing demand for animal protein, calling for sustainable solutions. Insects, such as the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, BSF), will therefore play a crucial role due to their fast growth, high protein content, good bioconversion efficiency and their ability to thrive on diverse feed substrates. Selective breeding has proven valuable in plants and livestock and holds great potential for farmed insects. Moreover, crossbreeding is a successful strategy to improve the genetic value of progeny, for example by exploiting heterosis. Nevertheless, crossbreeding experiments in BSF remain scarce. In this exploratory study, we present the outcome of a crossbreeding experiment in BSF. Four strains (F0) were used to set up reciprocal crosses (F1). Subsequently, four second generation populations (F2) were created. All populations were reared at pilot scale on chicken feed in triplicate. Each generation (F0, F1, and F2) was evaluated for growth, feed conversion, bioconversion efficiency, mating behaviour and egg production. The mean final larval mass of the F2 generations did not significantly differ from the mean of the F0s, although the development speed of the larvae was higher, resulting in a higher percentage of prepupae at the end of the rearing phase. Interestingly, some F1 crosses showed reciprocal differences (i.e. reversing maternal and paternal lines) in maximal larval weight of 32%. Furthermore, egg production was 19% higher in the F2 generations compared to the average F0s. Taking both production and reproduction traits into account, we calculated an increase of 16.5% in total larval mass production and an increase of 19.1% dried larval mass production for the F2s compared to the F0s. These findings explore the potential for crossbreeding in future BSF rearing programmes and highlight the need for further investigation into reciprocal differences between parental lines.
Semantics and Religion: Christian Themes, the nsm Approach
Authors: Wierzbicka Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This introduction to Cognitive Semantics and Religion provides an overview of the contributions to this special issue. It explains how nsm, and its more recent development Minimal Languages (e.g. Minimal English) can shed light on problems of translation in biblical linguistics, and in understanding Christian concepts and ideas. The paper points to the long nsm tradition of exploring Christianity through universal human concepts and discusses how this tradition seeks to bring a new clarity to the understanding of Christian faith.
Genitals on Screen: Extremism and the Crisis of Representation
Authors: Batori Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The article examines the international phenomenon of extreme art cinema with explicit genital content, with a particular focus on Lukas Moodysson’s A Hole in My Heart (Sweden 2004), Srdan Spasojevic’s A Serbian Film (2010), Michael Winterbottom’s 9 songs (UK 2005), and György Pálfi’s Hungarian Taxidermia (2006). The paper sets up three main understandings of these films, distinguishing between those that lack narrative justification for the in-your-face representation of genitals; films in which the pornographic content is integrated into narratives about a crisis in domestic relations, and, finally, films that use the explicit highlighting of genitals as a cornerstone in allegorical representations of broader social-cultural and political contexts.
IGF2BP3 is upregulated in endometrial cancer and tightly regulates the growth of drug-resistant endometrial cancer cells via HMGA1
Authors: Zhang Yiwei , Xiao Yanlai , Zhao Xiangzhai , Xu Jie , Zhao Huan , Guo Zhaojun , Zhao Jun , Zhang Yajing , Wang Ruoxi , Wang Jian 
Published: January 2025

Objective: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a malignant tumor with various histological subtypes and molecular phenotypes. The evaluation of drug resistance is important for cancer treatment. Progesterone resistance is the major challenge in EC. Knowledge of drug resistance in EC is important in the development of novel therapies. Methods: In this study, ten paracancerous and ten tumor tissues were collected to measure the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) and high-mobility group protein 1 (HMGA1). AN3CA and Ishikawa cells were used to explore the effects of IGF2BP3 on EC. Results: The expression levels of IGF2BP3 and HMGA1 were higher in EC tumor tissues than in paracancerous tissues. IGF2BP3 and HMGA1 are highly expressed in cisplatin-resistant EC cells. IGF2BP3 knockdown decreased the growth of cisplatin-resistant EC cells. Knockdown of IGF2BP3 decreased the level of HMGA1 protein. HMGA1 knockdown decreased the growth of cisplatin-resistant EC cells. Discuss and conclusions: The findings demonstrate that IGF2BP3 is upregulated in EC and closely regulates the growth of drug-resistant EC cells via HMGA1. The findings will inform the development of novel therapies for EC.
The role of bystander behavior and employee resilience in mitigating workplace cyberbullying impacts on employee innovative performance
Authors: Ullah Sami , Kukreti Mohit , Sami Abdul , Shaukat Muhammad Rehan , Dangwal Aarti 
Published: January 2025

Background Workplace cyberbullying significantly impacts employee well-being and innovation. Unlike traditional bullying, cyberbullying’s digital nature makes it pervasive and challenging to address. Objective This study investigates how workplace cyberbullying affects employee innovation performance, focusing on the mediating role of work disengagement and the moderating roles of bystander behavior and employee resilience. Methods Snowball sampling was used to identify 263 victims of workplace cyberbullying in the IT sector of Pakistan. The data collected through an online survey was analyzed using structural equation modeling to examine the relationships between workplace cyberbullying, work disengagement, innovation performance, and the moderating effects of bystander behavior and resilience. Results Workplace cyberbullying negatively impacts innovation performance directly and through increased work disengagement. Active bystander behavior mitigates, while passive bystander behavior exacerbates the adverse effects of workplace cyberbullying on work disengagement. Contrary to expectations, employee resilience did not significantly moderate the relationship between workplace cyberbullying and disengagement. Conclusions Workplace cyberbullying undermines employee innovation performance by increasing work disengagement. Active bystander intervention can reduce these negative impacts, highlighting the need for organizational policies to encourage supportive behavior. The lack of a moderating effect of resilience suggests that tailored resilience training is necessary for high-pressure environments like the IT sector in Pakistan.
The expression of repulsive guidance molecule a in the rat brain and the diffusion tensor imaging evaluation for crossed cerebellar diaschisis
Authors: Ma Zhen , Cheng Jingliang , Lu Lin , Cheng Meiying , Wang Xiao , Wei Dong , Zhao Xin 
Published: January 2025

Background Cerebral infarction is one of the most common diseases. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used to evaluate for crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) to observe the expression of repulsive guidance molecule a (RGMa), the axonal regeneration as well as the effect on neural functional recovery in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. Purpose To certify the expression pattern of RGMa in cerebral infarction and the mechanism of CCD to provide a new target for clinical therapy. Material and Methods Building the MCAO rat model, every 16 rats were randomly divided into one of six groups. The brain was scanned over the time points above and the rats were sacrificed for immunohistochemistry staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to assay the RGMa expression. Results The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) value of MCAO rats declined and peaked at 12 h. The contralateral cerebellum had a lower parameter than the other side. The expression of RGMa kept climbing and achieved the maximum at 48 h ( P < 0.05). The value of the protein in the cerebellum was higher ( P < 0.05) compared with controls, especially the right cerebellum. The expression of RGMa was negative compared to the parameter of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the axonal regeneration. Conclusion The MRI and pathology parameters after MACO had significant differences compared to the controls, as well as the bilateral cerebellum, which provided evidence of CCD. RGMa was related to the axonal regeneration in the injured brain.
Hip-spine syndrome from the perspective of radiology: correlations between hip joint disease and lumbar spine MRI findings
Authors: Pan Haibin , Wang MingLiang , Tang Jianyan , Wu Shiming , Li YueHua , Li Xiaobing 
Published: January 2025

Background Hip joint (HJ) pain, which may be caused by lumbar disease, is a common complaint. Purpose To investigate the prevalence and specific correlations between various HJ diseases and lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with HJ pain. Material and Methods Patients with the chief complaint of HJ pain who had both HJ MRI and lumbar MRI were retrospectively included. According to the existence of HJ disease, patients were divided into the following groups: non-HJ disease; osteoarthritis (OA); femoroacetabular impingement (FAI); ischiofemoral impingement (IFI); greater trochanter pain syndrome (GTPS); and other diseases. The prevalence of major lumbar MRI findings was compared. Correlations between HJ disease and major lumbar MR findings were explored. Results A total of 585 patients were included, of which 566 (96.8%) had major findings on lumbar MRI. The HJ disease group was more likely to be female and had more spondylolisthesis, while the non-HJ disease group had more low back or leg pain. The OA group was older and correlated with lumbar spinal stenosis (contingency coefficient = 0.164) and spondylolisthesis (contingency coefficient = 0.095). The FAI group was younger, had more male patients, and correlated with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (contingency coefficient = 0.122). The IFI group was older, had more female patients, and correlated with facet joint osteoarthritis (contingency coefficient = 0.168). The GTPS group was older, had more female patients, and correlated with spondylolisthesis (contingency coefficient = 0.097). Conclusion Major lumbar MRI findings were frequently observed in patients with hip pain, even in patients without HJ disease. Specific lumbar MRI finding correlated with different HJ disease.
Does the Addition of a Lateral Extra-articular Procedure to a Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Result in Superior Functional and Clinical Outcomes? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kan Adrian , English Tayla , Penny Allanah , Franc-Smith Jordan , Tudor Francois , Sattler Larissa 
Published: January 2025

Background: Current research focused on clinical outcomes suggests that lateral extra-articular procedures (LEAPs) can reduce rotational instability and graft failure rates in primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs). Limited studies have investigated the functional outcomes after LEAPs, including patient-reported outcome measures, sports participation, and physical performance. Purpose: To conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to determine whether the addition of a LEAP to an ACLR results in superior functional and clinical outcomes as compared with an isolated ACLR. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Five databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials comparing clinical and functional outcomes after the addition of LEAPs to an isolated primary ACLR. Study selection was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses). Assessment of methodological quality for included studies was undertaken using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool for randomized controlled trials. Studies were eligible for meta-analysis if an outcome measure utilizing similar time points was present across ≥2 studies and reported in mean difference or standard deviation. Results: Meta-analysis of 10 studies showed that the addition of LEAPs to an ACLR can reduce rates of rotatory instability (risk ratio, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.17-1.79]; P = .0006; I2 = 0%) and graft rupture (risk ratio, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.08-0.55]; P < .001; I2 = 0%). As supported by studies eligible for meta-analysis, this review showed that the addition of LEAPs to an ACLR can reduce rotatory instability. Short-term morbidity, including increased pain, joint stiffness, and muscle weakness, as compared with isolated ACLRs was resolved by 12 months after surgery. Conclusion: ACLR in combination with a LEAP results in superior clinical outcomes when compared with an isolated ACLR. Despite early postoperative outcomes concerning pain and function favoring isolated ACLRs, any negative effects were not still observed 6 months after surgery. A conclusion around the correlation between LEAPs and accelerated knee osteoarthritis could not be drawn, owing to the lack of long-term prospective studies available.
Efficacy of an Autologous Dermal Fibroblast Injection in Reducing the Retear Rate After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kim Young Kyu , Kim Yong Tae , Won Yoo-Sun , Jang Young Hoon , Hwang Sun Tae , Han Jikhyon , Jeon Saewha , Kim Sae Hoon , Oh Joo Han 
Published: January 2025

Background: Interest in biological augmentation for improving bone-tendon interface (BTI) healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) is growing. Dermal fibroblasts, known for collagen synthesis similar to tenocytes, have shown effectiveness in BTI healing in chronic rotator cuff tear (RCT) models in rabbits. However, no human clinical trials have been conducted. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of autologous dermal fibroblasts (ADFs) for BTI healing after ARCR in patients with full-thickness RCTs >2 cm. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 86 patients were prospectively enrolled and randomized into 2 groups: an additional ADF injection between the bone and tendon during ARCR (ADF group) or ARCR alone (control group). A skin biopsy from the buttock was performed to obtain ADFs, which were cultured for approximately 4 weeks before surgery. ARCR was standardized to the double-row suture bridge technique to reduce the heterogeneity in different repair methods. The primary variable for evaluating ADF efficacy was the retear rate using magnetic resonance imaging at 6 months postoperatively. Secondary variables included range of motion, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, the Constant score, and the Simple Shoulder Test score at baseline and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Results: Overall, 13 patients dropped out because of a subscapularis tendon tear, loss to follow-up, or the withdrawal of consent (7 in the ADF group and 6 in the control group). The retear rate was significantly lower in the ADF group (5.6% [2/36]) than in the control group (24.3% [9/37]) ( P = .025). The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, Constant, and Simple Shoulder Test scores showed significant improvement after surgery in both groups (all P values <.001). Functional scores and range of motion did not significantly differ between the 2 groups at 6 and 12 months (all P values >.05). Conclusion: ADF application into the BTI during ARCR significantly decreased the retear rate in patients with full-thickness RCTs >2 cm. Therefore, an ADF injection could be a promising biological supplement to enhance BTI healing in these patients. However, clinical outcomes showed no significant difference between the 2 groups at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively.