bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilizing the MaxEnt machine learning model to forecast urban heritage sites in the desert regions of southwestern Algeria: A case study in the Saoura region
Authors: Imen Guechi , Halima Gherraz , Ayoub Korichi , Djamel Alkama 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Saoura region, a renowned oasis in North Africa with heritage and archaeological significance of both national and universal importance, has witnessed a gradual deterioration over time. This research involves archaeological predictive modelling, aiming to create models capable of predicting the likelihood of discovering archaeological sites, cultural resources or evidence of past landscape use within a specific region. The study specifically focuses on predicting the locations of historical sites in the Sahara Desert, employing the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model and six geo‐environmental criteria, including slope, elevation (digital elevation model [DEM]), distance from water, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), fertility and proximity to palm groves. The research is based on data from 58 historical sites and includes an assessment of the model's accuracy. The study highlights the remarkable significance of the fertility variable, which accounts for 94.1% of the predictive influence, making it the most crucial geo‐environmental factor in forecasting the location of historical sites in the Sahara. This underscores its pivotal role in shaping settlement patterns and subsistence strategies within the region, followed by the distance variable from the palm cove (3.2%) and the distance variable from the river (2.3%). The MaxEnt model proves to be suitable for predicting historical site positions, with an impressive average area under the ROC curve (AUC) score of 0.859, reflecting its effectiveness. Notably, areas with a high prediction probability are predominantly situated near the Saoura Valley. The study's findings hold the potential to assist planners in safeguarding archaeological sites by avoiding areas where historical sites are likely to be present.
Eco‐friendly synchronous fluorescence spectrofluorimetric method for simultaneous determination of montelukast sodium and fexofenadine hydrochloride in their antiallergic rhinitis fixed‐dose combination tablets
Authors: Abdel Hamid Mohamed A. , Mabrouk Mokhtar M. , Michael Mary A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn innovative, simple, accurate, sensitive, and eco‐friendly synchronous fluorescence spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of montelukast sodium (MON) and fexofenadine hydrochloride (FEX). The method relies on measuring the relative synchronous fluorescence intensity of both drugs using Δλ of 60 nm in methanol at 405 nm for MON and 288 nm for FEX. The experimental parameters influencing the developed method were investigated and optimized. The method was linear over the ranges 0.1–2.0 and 2.0–20.0 μg/ml for MON and FEX, respectively. The limits of detection were 0.018 and 0.441 μg/ml, and the limits of quantitation were 0.055 and 1.336 μg/ml for MON and FEX, respectively. The developed method was applied successfully for the determination of the two drugs in their newly released fixed‐dose combination prescribed for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The mean per cent recoveries were found to be 100.680 ± 0.890 and 100.110 ± 0.940 for MON and FEX, respectively. Furthermore, the method was found to be eco‐friendly green as was evaluated according to the Green Analytical Procedure Index tool guidelines and analytical eco‐scale.
The role of tumor‐associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma progression: A narrative review
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Yu Chao , Zhao Siqi , Wang Min , Shang Longcheng , Zhou Jin , Ma Yong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, with complex etiology and mechanism, and a high mortality rate. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important part of the HCC tumor microenvironment. Studies in recent years have shown that TAMs are involved in multiple stages of HCC and are related to treatment and prognosis in HCC. The specific mechanisms between TAMs and HCC are gradually being revealed. This paper reviews recent advances in the mechanisms associated with TAMs in HCC, concentrating on an overview of effects of TAMs on drug resistance in HCC and the signaling pathways linked with HCC, providing clues for the treatment and prognosis determination of HCC.
The immediate effects of private equity acquisition of urology practices on the management of newly diagnosed prostate cancer
Authors: Faraj Kassem S. , Kaufman Samuel R. , Herrel Lindsey A. , Maganty Avinash , Oerline Mary , Caram Megan E. V. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Hollenbeck Brent K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionSome worry that physician practices acquired by private equity may increase the use of services to maximize revenue. We assessed the effects of private equity acquisition on spending, use of treatment, and diagnostic testing in men with prostate cancer.MethodsWe used a 20% sample of national Medicare claims to perform a retrospective cohort study of men with prostate cancer diagnosed from 2014 through 2019. The primary outcome was prostate cancer spending in the first 12 months after diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included the use of treatment and a composite measure of diagnostic testing (e.g., imaging, genomics) in the first 12 months after diagnosis. Multilevel modeling was used to adjust for differences in patient and market characteristics. The effect of practice acquisition on each outcome was assessed using a difference‐in‐differences design.ResultsThere were 409 and 4021 men with prostate cancer managed by urologists in acquired and nonacquired practices, respectively. After acquisition, prostate cancer spending was comparable between acquired and nonacquired practices (difference‐in‐differences estimate $1182, p = 0.36). Acquisition did not affect the use of treatment (difference‐in‐differences estimate 3.7%, p = 0.30) or the use of diagnostic testing in men who were treated (difference‐in‐differences −5.5%, p = 0.12) and those managed conservatively (difference‐in‐differences −2.0%, p = 0.82).ConclusionsIn the year following acquisition of urology practices, private equity did not increase prostate cancer spending, the use of treatment or diagnostic testing in men with prostate cancer. Future work should evaluate the effects of private equity acquisition on practice patterns and quality over a longer time horizon.
A Series of Biguanide Ligands and Their Cu(II) Complexes: Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antimicrobial Properties
Authors: Ballı Julide Nacaroglu , Gungor Ozge , Kose Muhammet 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, a series of biguanide hydrochloride salts and their Cu(II) complexes were synthesized and screened for their acetyl/butyryl choline esterase inhibitory and antimicrobial properties. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterised by common spectroscopic and analytical methods. Biguanide compounds showed considerably lower inhibitory activity compared to the reference drugs donepezil and galantamine. On the other hand, complexation of the biguanide compounds with Cu(II) resulted in dramatic increase in the inhibitory activity. The Cu(II) complexes showed AChE inhibitory activity with the IC50 values of 21.29±0.95–82.53±0.20 μM and those values are comparable to that of donepezil (IC50: 18.54±1.03 μM). The synthesised compounds were also screened for their antimicrobial activity towards gram positive (+) and gram negative (−) bacteria. Compounds (12.50 mg/mL) showed important antibacterial properties with inhibition zones of 8–28 mm diameter against gram‐positive and gram‐negative microorganisms. Compounds A03 and A08 exhibited more antimicrobial properties towards E. coli than standard antibiotics amikacin and gentamicin.
Extracellular vesicles from oral mucosa stem cells promote lipid raft formation in human microglia through TLR4, P2X4R, and αVβ3/αVβ5 signaling pathways
Authors: Romenskaja Diana , Jonavičė Ugnė , Tunaitis Virginijus , Pivoriūnas Augustas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTargeting of disease‐associated microglia represents a promising therapeutic approach that can be used for the prevention or slowing down neurodegeneration. In this regard, the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) represents a promising therapeutic approach. However, the molecular mechanisms by which EVs regulate microglial responses remain poorly understood. In the present study, we used EVs derived from human oral mucosa stem cells (OMSCs) to investigate the effects on the lipid raft formation and the phagocytic response of human microglial cells. Lipid raft labeling with fluorescent cholera toxin subunit B conjugates revealed that both EVs and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by more than two times increased lipid raft formation in human microglia. By contrast, combined treatment with LPS and EVs significantly decreased lipid raft formation indicating possible interference of EVs with the process of LPS‐induced lipid raft formation. Specific inhibition of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) with anti‐TLR4 antibody as well as inhibition of purinergic P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) with selective antagonist 5‐BDBD inhibited EVs‐ and LPS‐induced lipid raft formation. Selective blockage of αvβ3/αvβ5 integrins with cilengitide suppressed EV‐ and LPS‐induced lipid raft formation in microglia. Furthermore, inhibition of TLR4 and P2X4R prevented EV‐induced phagocytic activity of human microglial cells. We demonstrate that EVs induce lipid raft formation in human microglia through interaction with TLR4, P2X4R, and αVβ3/αVβ5 signaling pathways. Our results provide new insights about the molecular mechanisms regulating EV/microglia interactions and could be used for the development of new therapeutic strategies against neurological disorders.
Percutaneous coronary intervention with ridaforolimus eluting‐stents in small vessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Arow Ziad , Konigstein Maayan , Vaknin‐Assa Hana , Witberg Guy , Jonas Michael , Kerner Arthur , Cafri Carlos , Rubinshtein Ronen , Segev Amit , Roguin Ariel , Issever Melek Ozgu , Gabarin Mustafa , Pereg David , Assali Abid , Koifman Edward 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe ridaforolimus‐eluting stent (RES) system uses a novel cobalt alloy‐based coronary stent with a durable elastomeric polymer eluting ridaforolimus.Aim of studyTo assess the safety and efficacy of small diameter (2.25 mm) RES (EluNIR) in small coronary artery disease.MethodsA prospective, multicenter, single‐arm, open‐label clinical trial. Clinical follow‐up was performed at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year after the procedure. Target lesions were located in native coronary arteries or bypass graft conduits, with visually estimated diameter of ≥2.25 mm to ≤2.5 mm. The primary endpoint was combined device success, defined as final in‐stent residual diameter stenosis <30%, without 30‐day major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).ResultsA total of 81 patients were enrolled in the study. Twenty‐three patients (28%) had acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at presentation and 37 (46%) had prior myocardial infarction (MI). Most of the target lesions were located in the circumflex coronary artery (44%) and were classified as B2/C grade according to the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology classification. The final mean minimal lumen diameter, mean reference vessel diameter, and mean residual percent diameter stenosis were 2.0 ± 0.2 mm, 2.3 ± 0.1 mm, and 14 + 6.6%, respectively. The primary endpoint of device success without 30‐day MACE was achieved in 98.8% of the patients. Target lesion failure (TLF) at 6 months was 1.2%. Thirty‐day and 1‐year MACE rates were 1.2% and 2.5%, respectively.ConclusionThe EluNIR 2.25 mm stent shows excellent results in small coronary artery disease and adds another tool in the treatment of this complex lesion type.
n‐Type Fullerene‐Carbon Dots: Synthesis and Electrochemical and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Ferrer‐Ruiz Andrés , Moreno‐Naranjo Juan Manuel , Rodríguez‐Pérez Laura , Ramírez‐Barroso Sergio , Martín Nazario , Herranz María Ángeles 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe covalent incorporation of C60 and C70 derivatives of the well‐known n‐type organic semiconductor PCBM ([6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester) onto carbon dots (CD) is described. Morphological and structural characterization reveal combined features of both pristine starting materials (CD and PCBM). Electrochemical investigations evidenced the existence of additional reduction processes to that of CD or PCBM precursors, showing rich electron‐acceptor capabilities, with multistep processes in an affordable and narrow electrochemical window (ca. 1.5 V). Electronic communication in the obtained nanoconjugated species were derived from steady‐state absorption and emission spectroscopies, which showed bathochromically shifted absorptions and emissions well entering the red region. Finally, the lower fluorescence quantum yield of CD‐PCBM nanoconjugates, compared with CD, and the fast decay of the observed emission of CD, support the existence of an electronic communication between both CD and PCBM units in the excited state.
Structural Impact of N‐terminal Pyroglutamate in an Amyloid‐β(3‐42) Fibril Probed by Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Gardon Luis , Becker Nina , Gremer Lothar , Heise Henrike 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExtracellular amyloid‐β (Aβ) plaques, primarily formed by Aβ(1‐40) and Aβ(1‐42) fibrils, are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The Aβ peptide can undergo a high variety of different post‐translational modifications including formation of a pyroglutamate (pGlu, pE) at N‐terminal Glu3 or Glu11 of truncated Aβ(3‐x) or Aβ(11‐x), respectively. Here we studied structural similarities and differences between pEAβ(3‐42) and LS‐shaped Aβ(1‐42) fibrils grown under identical conditions (pH 2) using solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. We show that the central region of pEAβ(3‐42) fibrils including the turn region around V24 is almost identical to Aβ(1‐42) showing similar β‐strands also at the N‐terminus. The missing N‐terminal residues D1‐A2 along with pE3 formation in pEAβ(3‐42) preclude a salt bridge between K28‐D1' as in Aβ(1‐42) fibrils. G37 and G38 act as highly sensitive internal sensors for the modified N‐terminus, which remains rigid over ~five pH units.
Synthesis and Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction of a Cyclic Zinc(II) Porphyrin Trimer with an Encapsulated Rhenium(I) Bipyridine Tricarbonyl Complex
Authors: Kuramochi Yusuke , Tanahashi Kotaro , Satake Akiharu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe previously reported a cyclic Zn(II) porphyrin trimer in which three Zn porphyrins are alternately bridged by three 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) moieties, enabling the encapsulation of metal complexes within the nanopore formed by the Zn porphyrins. In this study, we introduced a [Re(CO)3Br] fragment into one of the bpy moieties of the cyclic trimer to form the catalytic Re(4,4’‐R2‐bpy)(CO)3Br center (R=methyl ester). The ester groups (R) play an important role in the synthesis of the cyclic structure. However, it was observed that these ester groups significantly deactivated the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction. Therefore, we converted the ester groups with a suitable reducing reagent into hydroxymethyl groups, followed by acetylation to form acetoxymethyl groups. This modification remarkably enhanced the photocatalytic activity of the cyclic trimer=Re complex system for CO2 reduction. Moreover, in the modified system, the presence of the Re complex induced room‐temperature phosphorescence of the Zn porphyrin. The phosphorescence was significantly quenched by 1,3‐dimethyl‐2‐phenyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole, indicating that efficient electron transfer mediated by the excited triplet state of the Zn porphyrin occurs during the photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Towards Amplified Probing of Weak Intermolecular Interactions on the External Surfaces of Molecular Capsules
Authors: Lagerna Oleksandra , Shivanyuk Alexander , Dolgonos Grygoriy A. , Shishkina Svetlana , Kienko Tetyana , Poyarkov Alexey , Tarchuk Ivanna , Lukin Oleg , Fetyukhin Volodymyr 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report a sensitive method for comparing weak interactions between aryl rings located on the external surfaces of equilibrating homo‐ and heterodimeric capsules. Two identical self‐complementary resorcin[4]arene tetrabenzoate molecules and one tetramethylammonium cation form in CDCl3 hydrogen‐bonded homodimeric capsules whose exteriors are decorated with four tight pairs of weakly interacting aryl rings. The pair wise mixing of six different homodimers establishes their equilibria with the corresponding heterodimeric species in which two types of aryl rings exert on each other some gentle forces. This equilibrium is significantly shifted either towards homo‐ or heterodimers depending on the nature and location of the substituents in the weakly interacting aryl rings. The thermodynamic favorability or disadvantage of the heterodimerization is determined by stronger or weaker aryl‐aryl attractions in the hetero‐ or homodimeric capsules, respectively. The four‐fold amplification of weak aryl‐aryl interactions on the external surfaces of the equilibrating capsules is responsible for high sensitiveness of our approach.
Financial hardship among siblings of long‐term survivors of childhood cancer: A Childhood Cancer Survivor Study report
Authors: Ohlsen Timothy J. D. , Wang Huiqi , Buchbinder David , Huang I‐Chan , Desai Arti D. , Zheng Zhiyuan , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Park Elyse R. , Krull Kevin , Conti Rena M. , Yasui Yutaka , Leisenring Wendy , Armstrong Gregory T. , Yabroff K. Robin , Nathan Paul C. , Chow Eric J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSiblings of children with cancer may experience adverse household economic consequences, but their financial outcomes in adulthood are unknown.MethodsA total of 880 siblings (aged 18–64 years) of adult‐aged childhood cancer survivors were surveyed to estimate the prevalence of financial hardship by three established domains (behavioral, material, and psychological). For individual financial hardship items matching the contemporaneous National Health Interview Survey or Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, siblings were compared with the general population by calculating adjusted prevalence odds ratios (ORs) to sample‐weighted responses. Multivariable logistic regression models examined associations between sibling characteristics and each hardship domain and between sibling hardship and survivors’ cancer/treatment characteristics.ResultsBehavioral, material, and psychological hardship was reported by 24%, 35%, and 28%, respectively. Compared with national survey respondents, siblings were more likely to report worries about medical bills (OR, 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.22), difficulty affording nutritious foods (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.54–2.07), and forgoing needed medical care (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.10–1.73), prescription medications (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.99–3.20), and dental care (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.15–1.57) because of cost. Sibling characteristics associated with reporting financial hardship in one or more domains included female sex, older age, chronic health conditions, lower income, not having health insurance, high out‐of‐pocket medical expenditures, and nonmedical/nonhome debt. No survivor cancer/treatment characteristics were associated with sibling financial hardship.ConclusionsAdult siblings of childhood cancer survivors were more likely to experience financial hardship compared with the general population. Childhood cancer may adversely affect entire households, with potentially lasting implications.
Survival outcomes of patients with HER2/neu‐positive breast cancer with germline BRCA mutations
Authors: Akkoc Mustafayev Fatma Nihan , Shukla Mihir Amitabh , Lanier Amanda , Milton Denái R. , Gutierrez Angelica M. , Gruschkus Stephen K. , Lewis John E. , Murthy Rashmi K. , Arun Banu K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) with germline BRCA1/2 mutations and their association with triple‐negative BC has been thoroughly investigated. However, some carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations have human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu)‐positive BC, which has a different targeted therapy approach, and data are scarce for this patient population. The authors sought to characterize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with HER2/neu‐positive BC who had germline BRCA1/2 mutations.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of data from 1099 patients diagnosed with HER2/neu‐positive BC who were screened for germline BRCA mutations between 1996 and 2022. Clinicopathologic features and survival rates were analyzed by BRCA mutation status. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the association between clinical variables and outcomes.ResultsOf 1099 patients with HER2/neu‐positive BC, 73 (6.6%) tested positive for BRCA1/2 mutations. Age, race, and tumor characteristics did not differ between BRCA noncarriers and carriers. At a median follow‐up of 78.6 months, the 5‐year recurrence‐free survival rate was 85% in BRCA carriers and 87% in noncarriers (p = .79), and the 5‐year overall survival rate was 94% in BRCA carriers and 94% in noncarriers (p = .78). In a multivariable model, BRCA was not associated with recurrence‐free survival (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.51–1.90; p = .96) or overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–2.07; p = .69).ConclusionsBRCA1/2 mutations occurred in 6.6% of patients with HER2/neu‐positive BC and did not affect survival outcomes. Assessing the potential benefits of new treatment strategies, such as combining anti‐HER2/neu therapies with poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitors, may lead to enhanced outcomes for these patients.
Intelligent lighting design of cloud computing platform based on digital twin historic landscape blocks—Take Yu Garden commercial street in Shanghai as an example
Authors: Wei Zhen , Nie Jinghuan , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2023

SummaryIn recent years, with the development of the Digital Revolution, information technologies such as digital twins and virtual reality are gradually penetrating people's daily learning and living environment. The digital twin historic landscape street has the performance advantages of virtual reality integration, real‐time interaction, independent iteration, and dynamic perception. Taking the historical district of Yu Garden in Shanghai as an example, this paper builds a travel simulation model of the historical district based on the basic elements of the scene service of the digital twin district under the empowerment of “cloud, data and intelligence”. With the digital twin lamps as the physical entity, the passenger flow dynamic simulation data model is constructed. The effectiveness of the model was verified through simulation of the impact of passenger flow changes on passenger flow, and improvements and enhancements were made to smart lighting fixtures in the block. This study explores the rich application scenarios of digital twin historic blocks and creates a scenario‐based service model, which will fully activate various online and offline elements of historic landscape blocks, bringing users a brand‐new immersive experience.