bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of the Effect of Two Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine to Prevent Emergence Agitation in Tonsillectomy in Children Aged 2 to 12 Years Old
Authors: Shahhosseini Sedighe , Naderi Boldaji Hossein , Shetabi Hamidreza , Shafa Amir 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Emergence agitation (EA) is one of the complications following anesthesia in pediatric surgery. Various drugs are used to prevent this complication, and one of them is dexmedetomidine. Choosing the right dose of this drug for the best efficiency is an important issue due to this complication. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the prophylactic effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine in different doses in preventing EA after tonsillectomy in children.

Materials and Methods:
Our study was a double-blind clinical trial performed on 75 children ASAI, II candidates for tonsillectomy. Patients were divided into three groups. The group 1 received a dose of 0.6 μg/kg per hour and group 2 received a dose of 0.3 μg/kg per hour and group 3 was the control group. Then vital signs and observational pain score (OPS) and pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAEDS) criteria were measured in patients. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS software version 23 and non-parametric tests such as Friedman, Mann-Whitney.

Results:
According to the data analysis, mean blood pressure, mean heart rate, OPS and PAEDS score in group 1 were lower than other groups. Also, the average time of staying in recovery and extubation in group 1 was less than other groups.

Conclusion:
A dose of 0.6 μg/kg dexmedetomidine has a better effect on reducing EA (emergence agitation) after pediatric tonsillectomy.
Posterior Leaflet of Mitral Valve—Is it Really Tri-scalloped? —A Morphological and Morphometric Study in North Indian Cadaveric Hearts
Authors: Shree Bhagya , Singla Rajan Kumar , Soni Sachin , Kumar Ashwini , Sharma Sanjay Kumar , Das Sushant Swaroop , Puri Nidhi 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Maintaining normal left ventricular geometry and function depends on the mitral valve's normal integrity. Irreparable damage to the mitral valve calls for its replacement using either a valve made up of biological tissue or metal, pyrolytic carbon, and similar materials.

Materials and Methods:
The material consists of 50 formalin-fixed adults, seemingly normal cadaveric hearts of either sex which were received from the Department of Anatomy of various institutes in the north region. These hearts were cut open to access the mitral valve in the left ventricle.

Results:
In this study, the posterior leaflet was semi-oval in shape being 3.72 cm wide at the base. Usually said to be tri-scalloped, interestingly, it was found so only in 56% of the hearts; being bi-scalloped in 20% and single-cusped in 16% of the hearts. Even four scallops and six scallops were observed in three (6%) and one (2%) hearts, respectively.

Conclusions:
To conclude, notable variation has been seen in the scallops of posterolateral cusps in the present study. The number of scallops varies greatly as single, double, three, four, or tetra-scalloped and most significant six or hexa-scalloped which has never been reported in the previous studies. To understand the rationale behind each unique architectural layout, such noticeable variations are crucial for scientists around the world. Cardiothoracic surgeons could find this information valuable for mitral valve surgery repair.
Believe it or not. The role of ideology as a predictor of trust in mainstream and social media during COVID-19
Authors: Cordero Guillermo , Alonso-Muñoz Laura , Casero-Ripollés Andreu 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The goal of this article is to analyze the extent to which ideology intervenes in citizens' trust in the news that appears in traditional and social media during COVID-19. Methodology: To do this, a quantitative approach based on the online survey technique is used. The questionnaire was launched in July 2021 through the Qualtrics platform and was answered by 2,803 citizens residing in Brazil (726), Spain (682), the United States (694), and India (702). Results: We found a connection between ideology and confidence in traditional media, strongly conditioned by the socio-political context. In addition, right-wing citizens tend to trust the information they receive from digital platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, or WhatsApp better than left-wing citizens. This uneven impact of trust in the media could result in a heterogeneous effect of fake news, with right-wing citizens most likely believing political news appearing on social media Discussion and Conclusions: This article contributes to expanding prior knowledge about the trust in mainstream and social media, with considerable emphasis on the factors that have a predominant influence in four countries with different social and political structures and media systems: Spain, United States, India, and Brazil. In this context, it has been observed how ideology is an essential factor in all of them. When this relevant variable is controlled for, and despite what previous studies had determined (Newman et al., 2021), factors such as educational or income level do not seem to play a significant role.
Technical and legal regulation of urban railways
Authors: Romanov A. V. , Kiselev A. A. 
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the issues of legal and technical regulation of railway transport infrastructure facilities in cities and urban agglomerations. An attempt was made to determine the legal status of such objects.The features of such railways are considered, the need for highlighting regulation of urban railways is indicated. It is proposed to initiate work on establishing the priority of passenger transportation over freight in the territory of cities and urban agglomerations.Possible ways to solve the stated problem are proposed, consisting in several measures, including the deﬁnition of a list of regulatory documents that prevent the allocation of a separate regulation of railway transport in cities and urban agglomerations, conducting relevant scientiﬁc research and preparing proposals for amending regulatory documents.
Estratificação do risco cardiovascular global em hipertensos atendidos numa unidade de saúde da família de Parnaíba, Piauí - doi: 10.5020/18061230.2012.p287
Authors: Nascimento Elce de Seixas , Branco Maria Poliana Ferreira Castelo , Moreira Ana Karine de Figueiredo , Hazime Fuad Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

Estratificar o risco cardiovascular global em hipertensos atendidos em uma
Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF). Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo
realizado com uma população de hipertensos da USF, módulo 34, em Parnaíba-PI, Brasil, no
período de julho a agosto de 2011. A amostra foi composta por 45 voluntários, selecionados
por conglomerado de livre demanda, que responderam a um formulário com questões que
embasaram a análise e a estratificação do Risco Cardiovascular Global (RCG), de acordo
com a VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial (VI DBH - 2010), The European
Society of Cardiology (ESC) e European Society of Hypertension (ESH - 2007). Em seguida,
foram submetidos à aferição da pressão arterial (PA), medida da circunferência abdominal
(CA) e índice de massa corpórea (IMC). Resultados: O fator de risco mais evidente na
amostra foi 34 (75,5%) de sobrepeso/obesidade; seguido de 33 (73,3%) de sedentarismo; e 25
(55,5%) de hipercolesterolemia. Os dados coletados resultaram numa estratificação em que
38 (84,4%) se encontravam em alto risco adicional e 7 (15,5%) em risco adicional muito alto
de apresentar eventos cardiovasculares nos próximos 10 anos. Conclusão: A estratificação
na população estudada indicou a elevada incidência de tais fatores, mostrando a necessidade
de se interferir nesse segmento populacional a fim de promover mudanças no estilo de vida
que gerem prevenção e controle das doenças cardiovasculares.
Avaliação da pressão arterial em mulheres sedentárias e sua relação com a força muscular - doi: 10.5020/18061230.2012.p337
Authors: Tibana Ramires Alsamir , Vieira Denis César Leite , Tajra Vitor de , Vieira Alexandre de , Franz Carlos Bainy , Pereira Guilherme Borges , Prestes Jonato de 
Published: October 2023

Comparar a pressão arterial ambulatorial em mulheres com diferentes valores de força muscular relativa. Métodos: Dados de 21 (33,8±8,0 anos) mulheres sedentárias da Vila Telebrasília foram coletados durante o período de novembro de 2010 a julho de 2011. As voluntárias foram submetidas à avaliação de força de preensão manual e à monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA), respeitando um período de 72 horas. Após a avaliação de força de preensão manual, para determinação da força muscular absoluta, foi realizado o ajuste em relação ao peso, para determinação da força muscular relativa. A
amostra foi dividida em três tercis, de acordo com os valores de força muscular relativa, para efeito de comparação da pressão arterial sistólica, diastólica e média durante os períodos de 24 horas, noturno e diurno, através de uma ANOVA one-way, seguida, quando apropriado, do teste de Bonferroni, com nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: Diferenças significativas (p<0,05) foram encontradas para os valores de pressão arterial sistólica entre o tercil 1 (99,3±12,2) e o tercil 3 (106,8±11,1) no período noturno. Os valores de pressão arterial média também apresentaram diferenças significativas (p<0,05) entre o tercil 1 (70,2 ±6,3) e o tercil 3 (80,3±8,8). Conclusão: Mulheres com maior força muscular relativa apresentam menores valores de pressão arterial durante o período noturno.
HIỆU QUẢ CỦA CYSTEAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE 5% THOA TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ RÁM MÁ
Authors: Lê Thái Vân Thanh , Tạ Quốc Hưng , Lê Vi Anh , Trần Ngọc Khánh Nam , Thạch Văn Toàn , Trần Hạnh Vy , Nguyễn Thị Cẩm , Phan Quỳnh Như 
Published: October 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả lâm sàng của Cysteamine hydrochloride 5% thoa trong điều trị rám má. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả hàng loạt ca, có theo dõi dọc được tiến hành trên 32 bệnh nhân rám má tại khoa Da liễu - Thẩm mỹ da của Bệnh viện Đại học Y Dược TP.HCM từ tháng 8/2021 đến tháng 8/2023. Kết quả: Trong số 32 bệnh nhân tham gia nghiên cứu, 100% là nữ với độ tuổi trung bình là 43,9 ± 9,3 tuổi. Type da chủ yếu là Fitzpatrick III (28,1%) và Fitzpatrick IV (71,9%). Về phân loại mức độ tăng sắc tố, trường hợp nhẹ chiếm 28,1%, trung bình chiếm 8%, nặng chiếm 18,8% và rất nặng chiếm 28,1%. Sau điều trị với cysteamin hydrochloride 5%, 87,5% bệnh nhân thấy hài lòng hoặc rất hài lòng với hiệu quả điều trị. Điểm số mMASI đều cải thiện lần lượt sau 1, 2 và 3 tháng điều trị với P lần lượt là 0,06, 0,04 và 0,02. Các chỉ số phân tích da từ máy VISIA và máy đo màu sắc da Colorimeter đều cho thấy sự cải thiện sau điều trị. Điểm số MELASQoL cũng có sự cải thiện có ý nghĩa thống kê sau điều trị 1, 2 và 3 tháng. Về độ an toàn của phương pháp, tỉ lệ đánh giá “Không bất thường” ở cả bác sĩ và bệnh nhân đều chiếm đa số. Kết luận: Cysteamine hydrochloride 5% dạng thoa là một phương pháp hiệu quả và an toàn để điều trị rám má.
Yapay Sinir Ağları Yaklaşımı ile Talep Tahmini: Madeni Eşya İmalat Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Authors: SARI Tuğba , ŞENSOY Sermet Rıza , NURBAKİ Adem Enes , AĞAÇ İsmet Alperen 
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Bir ürüne yönelik talebin tahmin edilmesi, o ürünün tedarik zinciri süreçlerinin verimli bir biçimde gerçekleştirilmesi için kritik önem taşır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, imalatçı firmalar için, Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) yaklaşımı ile içsel ve dışsal değişkenlerin sistematik olarak analiz edildiği, hibrit bir tahmin modeli ortaya koymaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamında, madeni eşya imalat sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir firma tarafından üretilen bir ürün grubunun talep tahminini gerçekleştirmek üzere YSA modellerinden yararlanılmıştır. İlk aşamada, firmanın geçmiş satış verileri kullanılarak geleneksel zaman serisi modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra bu yöntemler tek tek YSA modeline eklenerek tek değişkenli hibrit modeller kurulmuş, ardından bu modellere kademeli olarak dışsal değişkenler eklenerek çok değişkenli hibrit YSA modelleri elde edilmiştir. Oluşturulan modellerin tahmin hatalarının ölçülmesi ile en iyi modeller belirlenerek, bu yöntemlerle gelecek dönemlerin tahminleri gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Analiz aşamasında toplam 48 hibrit YSA modeli kurulmuş olup, en düşük hata oranına sahip model, %18,01 ile “Winters’ Eklemeli Mevsimsel” yöntemi ile Reel Efektif Döviz Kuru ve İmalat Sanayi Üretim Endeksi dışsal değişkenlerinin kullanıldığı hibrit YSA modelidir.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışmanın, madeni eşya imalat sektöründe sınırlı bir araştırma alanına sahip olan talep tahmini probleminin çözümü için önerilen sistematik, kapsamlı ve uyarlanabilir tahmin modeliyle, literatürdeki boşluğun kapatılmasına katkıda bulunması beklenmektedir.
The hydrological cycle and ocean circulation of the Maritime Continent in the Pliocene: results from PlioMIP2
Authors: Ren Xin , Lunt Daniel J. , Hendy Erica , von der Heydt Anna , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Otto-Bliesner Bette , Williams Charles J. R. , Stepanek Christian , Guo Chuncheng , Chandan Deepak , Lohmann Gerrit , Tindall Julia C. , Sohl Linda E. , Chandler Mark A. , Kageyama Masa , Baatsen Michiel L. J. , Tan Ning , Zhang Qiong , Feng Ran , Hunter Stephen , Chan Wing-Le , Peltier W. Richard , Li Xiangyu , Kamae Youichi , Zhang Zhongshi , Haywood Alan M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Maritime Continent (MC) forms the western boundary of the tropical Pacific Ocean, and relatively small changes in this region can impact the climate locally and remotely. In the mid-Piacenzian warm period of the Pliocene (mPWP; 3.264 to 3.025 Ma) atmospheric CO2 concentrations were ∼ 400 ppm, and the subaerial Sunda and Sahul shelves made the land–sea distribution of the MC different to today. Topographic changes and elevated levels of CO2, combined with other forcings, are therefore expected to have driven a substantial climate signal in the MC region at this time. By using the results from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2), we study the mean climatic features of the MC in the mPWP and changes in Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) with respect to the preindustrial. Results show a warmer and wetter mPWP climate of the MC and lower sea surface salinity in the surrounding ocean compared with the preindustrial. Furthermore, we quantify the volume transfer through the ITF; although the ITF may be expected to be hindered by the subaerial shelves, 10 out of 15 models show an increased volume transport compared with the preindustrial. In order to avoid undue influence from closely related models that are present in the PlioMIP2 ensemble, we introduce a new metric, the multi-cluster mean (MCM), which is based on cluster analysis of the individual models. We study the effect that the choice of MCM versus the more traditional analysis of multi-model mean (MMM) and individual models has on the discrepancy between model results and data. We find that models, which reproduce modern MC climate well, are not always good at simulating the mPWP climate anomaly of the MC. By comparing with individual models, the MMM and MCM reproduce the preindustrial sea surface temperature (SST) of the reanalysis better than most individual models and produce less discrepancy with reconstructed sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) than most individual models in the MC. In addition, the clusters reveal spatial signals that are not captured by the MMM, so that the MCM provides us with a new way to explore the results from model ensembles that include similar models.
Application of the Multi-Scale Infrastructure for Chemistry and Aerosols version 0 (MUSICAv0) for air quality research in Africa
Authors: Tang Wenfu , Emmons Louisa K. , Worden Helen M. , Kumar Rajesh , He Cenlin , Gaubert Benjamin , Zheng Zhonghua , Tilmes Simone , Buchholz Rebecca R. , Martinez-Alonso Sara-Eva , Granier Claire , Soulie Antonin , McKain Kathryn , Daube Bruce C. , Peischl Jeff , Thompson Chelsea , Levelt Pieternel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Multi-Scale Infrastructure for Chemistry and Aerosols Version 0 (MUSICAv0) is a new community modeling infrastructure that enables the study of atmospheric composition and chemistry across all relevant scales. We develop a MUSICAv0 grid with Africa refinement (∼ 28 km × 28 km over Africa). We evaluate the MUSICAv0 simulation for 2017 with in situ observations and compare the model results to satellite products over Africa. A simulation from the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), a regional model that is widely used in Africa studies, is also included in the analyses as a reference. Overall, the performance of MUSICAv0 is comparable to WRF-Chem. Both models underestimate carbon monoxide (CO) compared to in situ observations and satellite CO column retrievals from the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite instrument. MUSICAv0 tends to overestimate ozone (O3), likely due to overestimated stratosphere-to-troposphere flux of ozone. Both models significantly underestimate fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at two surface sites in East Africa. The MUSICAv0 simulation agrees better with aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) column retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) than WRF-Chem. MUSICAv0 has a consistently lower tropospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) column than OMI retrievals. Based on model–satellite discrepancies between MUSICAv0 and WRF-Chem and MOPITT CO, MODIS AOD, and OMI tropospheric NO2, we find that future field campaign(s) and more in situ observations in the East African region (5∘ S–5∘ N, 30–45∘ E) could substantially improve the predictive skill of atmospheric chemistry model(s). This suggested focus region exhibits the largest model–in situ observation discrepancies, as well as targets for high population density, land cover variability, and anthropogenic pollution sources.
Regional mapping of energetic short mesoscale ocean dynamics from altimetry: performances from real observations
Authors: Le Guillou Florian , Gaultier Lucile , Ballarotta Maxime , Metref Sammy , Ubelmann Clément , Cosme Emmanuel , Rio Marie-Helène 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. For over 25 years, satellite altimetry has provided invaluable information about the ocean dynamics at many scales. In particular, gridded sea surface height (SSH) maps allow us to estimate the mesoscale geostrophic circulation in the ocean. However, conventional interpolation techniques rely on static optimal interpolation schemes, hence limiting the estimation of non-linear dynamics at scales not well sampled by altimetry (i.e., below 150–200 km at mid-latitudes). To overcome this limitation in the resolution of small-scale SSH structures (and thus small-scale geostrophic currents), a back-and-forth nudging algorithm combined with a quasi-geostrophic model, a technique called BFN-QG, has been successfully applied on simulated SSH data in observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs). The result is a significant reduction in interpolation error and an improvement in the space–time resolutions of the experimental gridded product compared to those of operational products. In this study, we propose that the BFN-QG be applied to real altimetric SSH data in a highly turbulent region spanning a part of the Agulhas Current. The performances are evaluated within observing system experiments (OSEs) that use independent data (such as independent SSH, sea surface temperature and drifter data) as ground truth. By comparing the mapping performances to the ones obtained with operational products, we show that the BFN-QG improves the mapping of short, energetic mesoscale structures and associated geostrophic currents both in space and time. In particular, the BFN-QG improves (i) the spatial effective resolution of the SSH maps by a factor of 20 %, (ii) the zonal and (especially) the meridional geostrophic currents, and (iii) the prediction of Lagrangian transport for lead times up to 10 d. Unlike the results obtained in the OSSEs, the OSEs reveal more contrasting performances in low-variability regions, which are discussed in the paper.
Preeklampsia berat dengan HELLP sindrom dan IUFD
Authors: Kusmardika Dina Amalia , Puspitasari Ratna Dewi 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak
Pendahuluan: Preeklampsia adalah sebuah sindrom dalam kehamilan yang dapat memengaruhi gangguan fungsi fisiologis pada organ lainnya. Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko penyakit ibu yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi pada bayi berupa kelahiran prematur, gawat janin, berat badan lahir rendah dan IUFD.
Ilustrasi kasus: Ny. O usia 32 tahun G3P1A1 hamil 27 minggu datang sebagai rujukan bidan dengan keluhan tekanan darah tinggi dan nyeri kepala yang telah dirasakan sejak 1 minggu sebelum masuk rumah sakit, pasien merasa bahwa tubuhnya membengkak, beberapa hari setelahnya ibu mengeluhkan nyeri pada ulu hati dan terdapat pengelihatan kabur. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan TD 185/90, dan edema anasarka. Pada pemeriksaan obstetric ditemukan TFU 20 cm setinggi 2 jari dibawah umbilikus, presentasi kepala, punggung kiri, DJJ tidak dapat ditemukan. Pada pemeriksaan penunjang ditemukan nilai trombosit 70.000, LDH 1.222 ureum 49, kreatinin 1,63, SGOT 58, SGPT 47.
Simpulan: Pasien didiagnosis G3P1A1 hamil 27 minggu dengan Preeklamsia berat (PEB) + HELLP sindrom janin tunggal mati presentasi kepala. Dipilih tatalaksana terminasi kehamilan pervaginam
Pendekatan Diagnostik, Faktor Risiko, dan Tatalaksana Neuropati Diabetik
Authors: MY Bima Muhammad Labib , Rahmayani Fidha , Mutiara Hanna 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak
Neuropati diabetik adalah komplikasi diabetes melitus yang paling sering terjadi. Sebanyak 25% penderita diabetes melitus di dunia dan 54% di Indonesia menderita neuropati diabetik Diagnosis dapat dilakukan dengan skoring Diabetic Neuropathy Symptom (DNS) dan Diabetic Neuropathy Examination (DNE). Penderita diabetes melitus harus memperhatikan faktor-faktor yang dapat menjadi risiko seperti asupan karbohidrat, aktivitas fisik, durasi menderita, dan kepatuhan minum obat untuk mencegah komplikasi neuropati diabetik. Penatalaksanaan neuropati diabetik dapat dilakukan dengan obat-obatan maupun terapi suportif lainnya. Artikel ini menggunakan metode literature review dari berbagai rujukan jurnal nasional dan internasional dengan kata kunci pencarian berikut: prevalence, diagnosis, risk factors, dan management of diabetic neuropathy.
Recent advances of the biosensor in microbial sensing
Authors: Temirzhanova Z. N. 
Published: October 2023

In this review, we discussed the design and manufacture of point-of-care test (POST) devices for the detection of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Electrochemical methods and current advances in the field were highlighted in terms of integrated electrochemical platforms, which include mainly microfluidic based approaches and integrated smartphone and Internet of things (IoM) and internet of medical things (IoMT) systems. In addition, the availability of commercial biosensors for the detection of microbial pathogens will be reported. At the end, challenges in point-of-care (POC) biosensor fabrication and expected future advances in biosensor technology were discussed. Integrated biosensor-based platforms with IoM/IoMT typically collect data to track the spread of infectious diseases in the community, which would be useful in terms of better preparedness for current and future pandemics and is expected to prevent social and economic losses.In the last decade, the science of biosensors has made tremendous progress in diagnosing diseases. Drug-resistant bacteria are outperforming drug discovery efforts, jeopardizing modern antibiotics and threatening many inevitable medical procedures that are taken for granted. Combating this worldwide threat will require the invention and application of ever-wider diagnostics of infectious diseases.