bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid stimulation of protein synthesis in digesting snakes: Unveiling a novel gut‐pancreas‐muscle axis
Authors: Rindom Emil , Last Katja Bundgaard , Svane Anja , Fammé Asger , Henriksen Per G. , Farup Jean , Jessen Niels , de Paoli Frank Vincenzo , Wang Tobias 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimSnakes exhibit remarkable physiological shifts when their large meals induce robust postprandial growth after prolonged fasting. To understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying this rapid metabolic transition, we examined the regulation of protein synthesis in pythons, focusing on processes driving early postprandial tissue remodeling and growth.MethodsUsing the SUnSET method with puromycin labeling, we measured in vivo protein synthesis in fasting and digesting snakes at multiple post‐feeding intervals. Pyloric ligation, pancreatectomy, and plasma transfusions were performed to explore the roles of gastrointestinal luminal signaling and pancreatic function across key tissues.ResultsWe observed profound and early stimulation of protein synthesis in gastrointestinal tissues and skeletal muscle already 3 h after ingestion, before any measurable rise in plasma amino acids from the meal. The gastrointestinal stimulation appears to be driven by luminal factors, while the stimulation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis is humoral with pancreatic insulin release as an integral mediator. The pre‐absorptive anabolic activity is supported by the release of amino acids from the breakdown of endogenous proteins.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that snakes initiate protein synthesis via distinct, tissue‐specific pathways preceding nutrient absorption. This “pay before pumping” model shows how early protein synthesis prepares the digestive and muscular systems for later nutrient assimilation and growth. This intricate humoral regulation, involving a gut‐pancreas‐muscle axis, governs postprandial protein synthesis in snakes and provides insights into fundamental mechanisms driving metabolic adaptations and broader hyperplastic and hypertrophic responses.
Founder ownership and system‐justifying beliefs in relation to perception toward Black Lives Matter and other social movements
Authors: Scarborough Autumn , Xu Xiaowen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIt is essential to understand the psychological mechanisms that help explain how people perceive, and why they participate in, social movements. Two psychological theories relevant to this endeavor are founder ownership and system justification beliefs. The current work examined how founder ownership and system‐justifying beliefs related to people's attitudes toward the Black Lives Matter movement (Studies 1 and 2) and other social movements (Study 2), as well as people's willingness to participate in collective action for these movements (Study 2). Across two studies, participants (total N = 1064) completed measures of founder ownership beliefs, system justifying beliefs, general political orientation, and attitudes and participation intentions toward different social movements. We found that, even after controlling for demographics, people higher in founder ownership and system justifying beliefs still held more negative attitudes toward social movements that challenged the status quo and were less willing to engage in collective action that supported these movements. The present findings highlight some important psychological processes that help explain why some people are more or less likely to support and engage in social change.
Urinary Continence After Robot‐Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy Using the Peritoneal Fixation Technique
Authors: Terao Hideyuki , Nagasaka Hirotaka , Yamamoto Shotaro , Suzuki Atsuto , Usui Kimitsugu , Kishida Takeshi , Nakaigawa Noboru 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe Retzius‐sparing technique for prostate cancer has shown favorable continence recovery outcomes. Magnetic resonance imaging after Retzius‐sparing showed that the bladder anterior wall is widely connected to the abdominal wall, which contributes to urinary continence. We aimed to evaluate whether the Peritoneal Fixation technique, which involves suturing the anterior bladder wall onto the abdominal wall above the pubic bone, contributes to the recovery of urinary continence.MethodsPatients who underwent robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy between May and September 2023 were included in the study. We investigated urinary incontinence on the day of catheter removal and 1 month postoperatively. The posterior urethral angle was evaluated at rest and under abdominal pressure.ResultsA total of 54 patients who underwent the Peritoneal Fixation technique (n = 27) and conventional surgery (n = 27) were included. The continence acquisition rate on the day after catheter removal was significantly higher in the Peritoneal Fixation group (40.7%) than in the conventional group (7.4%) (p < 0.05). At 1 month postoperatively, the Peritoneal Fixation group showed favorable results, with a continence rate of 44.4% compared with 29.6% in the conventional group (p = 0.26). The change in the posterior urethral angle at rest and during abdominal pressure significantly differed between the Peritoneal Fixation and conventional groups (−3.0° vs. 2.7°; p < 0.05), indicating that the urethra is being pushed from the rectal side in the Peritoneal Fixation group.ConclusionThe use of the Peritoneal Fixation technique for prostate cancer suggests the potential for achieving favorable urinary continence outcomes.
Development and validation of a short form for the Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices using a machine learning approach
Authors: Yip Charles Chiu Hung , Wong Terry Tin‐Yau , Wong Brandon Hoi Dick , Hsu Lucy Shih‐Ju 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRaven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM) is a widely used assessment tool for measuring general cognitive ability in developmental and educational research, particularly in studies involving young children. However, administering the full set of the 36‐item CPM can be burdensome for young participants, hindering its practicality in large‐scale studies and reducing research efficiency. In the current study, a short form of the CPM was developed based on a sample of preschoolers (n = 336, mean age = 5.8 years) using penalised regression, a machine learning approach that allows for variable selection. The resulting 12‐item CPM short form demonstrated a very strong correlation with the total score of the 36‐item full form (r = .94). Further investigations into the short form's item stability, content validity, and concurrent validity collectively supported its psychometric properties as a reliable and valid alternative to the full form. The significance of the CPM short form is also discussed.
Relevance of body weight adaptation and modern obesity‐defining parameters in the analysis of isokinetic trunk strength in people with obesity – A retrospective analysis
Authors: Geissler Daniel , Lison Andreas , Schulze Christoph 
Published: January 2025

SummaryPathologic values of body mass index (BMI), body weight, and waist circumference correlate with higher absolute and lower relative trunk strength. Whether waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR) is appropriate for showing trunk strength differences in people with obesity and whether a continuous linear relationship exists between the increase in obesity and trunk strength is unknown. This retrospective cross‐sectional study included 1174 subjects (1114 men and 60 women). Measured values included body weight, height, waist circumference, WHtR, BMI, and both absolute and body weight‐adapted trunk flexor/extensor strength. Statistical analyses included t‐tests, Welch tests, Pearson correlations, mixed‐linear, and nonlinear regression analyses. Positive correlations with absolute trunk strength were found in subjects without obesity for all anthropometric parameters except WHtR. Weaker positive and partly negative correlation and linear regression coefficients were found in subjects with obesity. Nonlinear relationships were found between age, BMI, WHtR, and absolute respective body weight‐adapted trunk strength. The relationship between obesity‐defining measures/ indices and trunk strength is non‐linear. Increasing BMI, waist circumference, or WHtR above cut‐off values known from cardiovascular research is linked to a decrease or weaker increase in trunk strength. Body weight adaptation is recommended to avoid misinterpretation of apparently good absolute trunk strength values in people with obesity.
Evaluation of the analytical and clinical accuracy of four blood glucose meters in pregnant women with hyperglycaemia
Authors: Immanuel Jincy , Kongbrailatpam Tobias , Rajagopal Rohit , Simmons David 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsPhysiological changes during pregnancy can infuence the performance of blood glucose meters. This study aimed to evaluate the analytical and clinical accuracy of glucose meters in pregnant women with hyperglycaemia.Materials and MethodsGlucose was measured by four commonly used meters among consecutive women with diabetes in pregnancy. Capillary and venous samples were collected concurrently and compared with i‐STAT (amperometry) and laboratory (hexokinase) glucose as reference methods. Bland–Altman plot, International Organization for Standardization criteria, surveillance error grid (SEG) and haematocrit influence were assessed.ResultsIn total, 824 paired samples from 103 women were analysed (GDM 57%, mean i‐STAT capillary glucose 6.7 ± 2.3 mmol/L [121 ± 41 mg/dL], laboratory glucose 6.6 ± 2.4 mmol/L [119 ± 43 mg/dL], median haematocrit 0.36 L/L). Mean capillary glucose measured on all meters was significantly different from that measured on i‐STAT (all p < 0.001), whereas venous glucose measured on Contour Next, Accu‐Chek Guide and the laboratory (plasma) was similar. Contour Next had the lowest bias when using both reference methods (mean bias [95% limits of agreement] meter vs. i‐STAT: Contour Next 1.3% [−8% to 10.6%], Accu‐Chek Guide −3.2% [−11.4% to 5%], FreeStyle Optium Neo −11.9% [−24.7% to 0.8%] and LifeSmart 6.8% [−5.8% to 19.4%]; meter versus laboratory: −0.2% [−8.1% to 7.7%], −0.2% [−10.2% to 9.8%], −3.8% [−17.6% to 10%] and 6.1% [−5.9% to 18.2%]), respectively. Only Contour Next and Accu‐Chek Guide had ≥97% of pairs within the SEG no‐risk zone during both comparisons. Meters did not show haematocrit‐related bias.ConclusionsAccuracy of meters was higher when using venous samples than when using capillary samples. Contour Next and Accu‐Chek Guide meters met accuracy standards in all analyses.
Accentism: Experiences of Thais as English LX Users in Workplaces
Authors: Tarrayo Veronico N. , Srimalee Poowadol , Bamroongkit Sirikorn 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAccent discrimination, or accentism, has been studied in various contexts, with a few focusing on hierarchical workplace environments. However, its impact in Thailand remains underexplored. Through nonprobability purposive–convenience sampling, this study investigates accentism in Thai workplaces through online semi‐structured interviews with six Thai employees. Using a thematic‐analysis approach, it examines their perceptions of their English accent, the extent and nature of accent discrimination they face, and its effects on them. The findings reveal that Thai employees experience both overt and covert accentism, affecting their self‐esteem and professional opportunities. Participants reported cases of mockery, diminished confidence, and social exclusion directly linked to their “nonnative” English accents, emphasizing a prevalent workplace bias that associates professional competence with (“native”) accent conformity. This bias is not solely linguistic but deeply intertwined with social identity and power dynamics within professional settings. Implications from the findings emphasize the need for Thai workplaces to adopt more inclusive practices that recognize and value linguistic diversity.
The cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor AT7519 is a human RORγt agonist
Authors: Karaś Kaja , Pastwińska Joanna , Sałkowska Anna , Karwaciak Iwona , Bachorz Rafał A , Ratajewski Marcin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAT7519, which inhibits multiple cyclin‐dependent kinases, has been extensively investigated in various types of cancer cells. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability of this molecule to suppress the expression of the nuclear receptor retinoic acid–related orphan receptor gamma (RORγ) and several genes involved in hepatocellular carcinoma progression. In this study, we identified a distinct agonistic effect of AT7519 on RORγt, an isoform expressed by various immune cells, including T helper 17 lymphocytes. These immune cells play pivotal roles in shaping the tumor microenvironment and promoting the anticancer response of the immune system. After exposure to AT7519 during differentiation, primary human CD4+ T cells presented increased expression of IL17A/F, IFNG and GZMB and decreased expression of PDCD1 and CTLA4. These findings elucidate a previously unrecognized facet of AT7519 activity and suggest the potential incorporation of this molecule into immune therapies to augment the effectiveness of diverse anticancer strategies involving anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (anti–PD‐1) and anti–cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 (anti–CTLA4) regimens.
The exceptionally rare phenomenon of well‐differentiated colon neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Al‐Toubah Taymeyah , Strosberg Jonathan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractColonic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), excluding rectal NETs, are often described as relatively common and aggressive, with inferior median survival compared with other gastrointestinal (GI) primary sites. However, epidemiological databases may conflate well‐differentiated NETs with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), leading to a lack of precise data on the prevalence, clinical behavior, and prognosis of well‐differentiated colonic NETs. We analyzed a large institutional database to identify patients with well‐differentiated NETs originating in the colon, excluding rectal NETs. Cecal NETs were included; however, ileocecal NETs (overlapping the ileocecal valve) were not. We assessed their prevalence compared with other primary sites, grade, stage, and prognosis. Among 3639 patients with gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) NETs, only 19 (0.5%) had well‐differentiated colonic NETs. This included 11 cecal and eight sigmoid colon primaries (two described as “rectosigmoid”). No tumors originated in the ascending, transverse, or descending colon. Sigmoid NETs were typically early‐stage polyps discovered incidentally during colonoscopy. In contrast, eight of the 11 cecal NETs metastasized (p = .04). Six of the cecal primary patients (55%) exhibited carcinoid syndrome versus none of the sigmoid primary cases (p = .01). Well‐differentiated colon NETs are exceptionally rare, comprising approximately 0.5% of GEP‐NETs. These tumors fall into two distinct categories: cecal NETs, which resemble ileal NETs in behavior, and sigmoid NETs, which appear similar to rectal NETs. The broad categorization of colonic “NETs” in epidemiologic databases likely includes NECs, obscuring the true clinical picture.
The qualitative analysis of trabecular architecture of the proximal femur based on the P45 sectional plastination technique
Authors: Zhang Jian‐Fei , Lü Shu‐Jun , Wang Jia‐Wei , Tang Wei , Li Chan , Campbell Gilmore , Sui Hong‐Jin , Yu Sheng‐Bo , Zhao De‐Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe primary weight‐bearing structure of the proximal femur, trabecular bone, has a complex three‐dimensional architecture that was previously difficult to comprehensively display. This study examined the spatial architecture of trabecular struts in the coronal, sagittal, and horizontal sections of the proximal femur using 21 cases prepared with P45 sectional plasticization. The primary compressive strut (PCS) exhibited a “mushroom‐like” shape with upper and lower parts. The lower part extended from the medial inferior cortical bone of the femoral neck to the central region of the femoral head, while the upper part radiated from the epiphyseal line to the subchondral cortical bone of the femoral head. The secondary compressive strut (SCS), originated below the distal end of the PCS, ran diagonally upward, and intersected with the secondary tensile strut (STS) within the greater trochanter. The primary tensile strut (PTS) comprised anterior (aPTS) and posterior (pPTS) components originating from the anterior‐ and posterior‐superior cortical bone of the femoral neck. These converged, entered the femoral head, intersected with the PCS beneath the epiphyseal line, forming a dense trabecular center, and terminated at the subchondral cortical bone below the fovea of the femoral head. The secondary tensile strut (STS) originated from the cortical bone around the lower edge of the greater trochanter, converging upwards and medially to terminate at the superior cortical bone of the femoral neck. The trabecular system of the proximal femur consists of two subsystems: one between the femoral head and neck, and another between the femoral neck and shaft. The head–neck system comprises intersecting PCS, aPTS, and pPTS, facilitating stress transmission. The neck‐shaft system features intersecting STS and SCS, enabling stress transmission between these regions. These independent systems are separated by Ward's triangle. The findings of this study offer anatomical guidance for the improvement of internal fixation methods, orthopedic implants, and the design of surgical robots.
Effect of human myoblasts on tenogenic progression in 2D and 3D culture models
Authors: Tsuchiya Yoshifumi , Yeung Ching‐Yan Chloé , Svensson Rene B. , Kjaer Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTendon injuries and disorders associated with mechanical tendon overuse are common musculoskeletal problems. Even though tendons play a central role in human movement, the intrinsic healing process of tendon is very slow. So far, it is known that tendon cell activity is supported by several interstitial cells within the tendon. However, the interplay between the tendon and the adjacent muscle for tendon regeneration and development processes has not been fully investigated. Here, we tested whether factors released from muscle derived myogenic cells (myoblasts) enhance tenogenic progressions of human tendon derived cells (tendon fibroblasts) using two‐dimensional (2D) culture model and a three‐dimensional (3D)‐engineered tendon construct culture model, which mimics tendon regeneration and development. The conditioned media from myoblasts and unconditioned media as control were applied to tendon fibroblasts. In 2D, immunofluorescence analysis revealed increased collagen type I expressing area and increased migration potential when conditioned media from myoblasts were applied. In the 3D‐engineered human tendon construct model, wet weight, diameter, and cross‐sectional area of the tendon constructs were increased in response to the application of conditioned media from myoblasts, whereas the collagen density was lower and mechanical function was reduced both at the functional level (maximum stiffness) and the material level (maximum stress and modulus). These results indicate that myoblast‐derived factors extend collagen expressing area and enhance migration of tendon fibroblasts, while factors involved in the robustness of extra‐cellular matrix deposition of tissue‐engineered tendon constructs are lacking. Our findings suggest that adjacent muscle affects the signaling interplay in tendons.
Assessment of textbook oncologic outcome after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Yu Jiayin , Wang Yiyang , Liu Liqun , Xiao Yaolong , Yu Gang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo examine the prognostic impact of textbook oncologic outcome (TOO) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing primary chemotherapy, along with identifying the risk factors for TOO failure.MethodsPatients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer at a tertiary center between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. TOO was defined as complete cytoreduction, no severe complications, no prolonged hospital stay, no readmission, no delayed initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy, and no 90‐day mortality. The associations between TOO and clinical characteristics (survival) were examined using logistic and Cox regression analyses.ResultsAmong 165 patients, 65 (39.4%) achieved TOO. The most common reason for TOO failure was incomplete cytoreduction (n = 46, 27.9%). Older age (p = 0.049) and visceral obesity (p = 0.030) were independently associated with TOO failure. Patients who achieved TOO had significantly prolonged overall survival (OS; median: 52 vs. 31 months, p = 0.010) and progression‐free survival (PFS; median: not reached vs. 19 months, p = 0.006) compared to those who did not achieve TOO. Multivariate analysis revealed that TOO achievement was an independent protective factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.591, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.387–0.905, p = 0.015) and PFS (HR 0.626, 95% CI 0.410–0.956, p = 0.030).ConclusionsTOO is an effective predictor of favorable outcomes in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing interval debulking surgery. Factors such as older age and visceral obesity may hinder the achievement of TOO.
Exploring cyanobacteria from diverse habitats of the Konkan region of India, unveiling novel species of the genera Desikacharya, Pseudoaliinostoc, and Chlorogloeopsis using a polyphasic approach
Authors: Pant Harsh , Kumar Naresh , Pal Sagarika , Singh Prashant 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Indian subcontinent has emerged as a natural habitat to several cyanobacterial taxa which have been explored and described in the past few years using a polyphasic approach. Various new genera and species of Nostoc morphotypes, heteropolar unbranched as well as branched heterocytous cyanobacteria, have been described from various parts of India such as the central mainland, temperate hill stations of extreme northern India, and the biodiversity hotspots of northeast India. Konkan, a small strip of land bounded by Arabian sea on the west and Sahyadri mountains on the east, has various habitats such as coastal beds, old monuments, freshwater lakes, and rivers; however, this region has been less charted in modern cyanobacterial systematics, relative to others. The region has a tropical climate with heavy monsoon showers owing to its location on the windward side of the northern Western Ghats, a global biodiversity hotspot. Through this study, several districts of the Konkan region of Maharashtra and Goa were explored for cyanobacterial diversity and evaluated through a polyphasic approach with three novel species of the genus Desikacharya, two novel species of the genus Pseudoaliinostoc and one new species of the monotypic genus Chlorogloeopsis being described in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (ICN).