bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of acute levodopa challenge for clinical prediction of sustained long‐term levodopa response as a major criterion for idiopathic Parkinson's disease diagnosis
Authors: Merello Marcelo , Nouzeilles Maria I. , Arce Gabriel Piran , Leiguarda Ramón 
Published: October 2002

AbstractClinical idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis requires following strict clinical criteria. Final definitive diagnosis can only be made after pathological confirmation and, despite following clinical criteria, several cases are misdiagnosed. We assessed sensitivity and specificity of acute challenge with levodopa (L‐dopa) to predict sustained long‐term L‐dopa responsiveness as a major criterion for clinical diagnosis of PD. A consecutive series of 82 patients first seen at a movement disorders clinic with a parkinsonian syndrome without specific diagnosis was included. A second examiner, blind to the presumptive diagnosis, performed in each patient an acute challenge with 250/50 mg of L‐dopa–carbidopa and rated the test as positive or negative according to whether values reached a minimal 30% of improvement on UPDRS scores. Positive tests were considered supportive of presumptive clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Blind to test results and according to clinical presumption, the first examiner started patient treatment with the necessary L‐dopa dose or, alternatively, until reaching 1 g for 1 month in those who failed to display a positive test response. At 24 month follow‐up, they were re‐tested with 1 g for 1 month when required. At this point, clinical criteria of the U.K. Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank were applied and definitive clinical diagnosis of PD was made. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive ratio for acute challenge were calculated. Overall sensitivity and specificity of acute L‐dopa challenge to predict clinical diagnosis of PD was 70.9% and 81.4%, respectively; positive predictive ratio was 88.6%. When patients were divided into three groups according to their UPDRS motor section score at initial examination, sensitivity and specificity varied: Group I (≤ 10), 71.4% and 100%; Group II (11–20), 75% and 75%; and Group III (≥21), 36.4% and 87%, respectively. Positive predictive ratio increased to 100% in Group I and to 87.5% in Group III. The positive result of initial acute L‐dopa challenge predicts chronic L‐dopa responsiveness as major criterion of PD in all patients with UPDRS motor scores lower than 10. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society
[18F]‐Dopa positron emission tomography imaging in early‐stage, non‐parkin juvenile parkinsonism
Authors: Pal Pramod K. , Leung Joanne , Hedrich Katya , Samii Ali , Lieberman Abraham , Nausieda Paul A. , Calne Donald B. , Breakefield Xandra O. , Klein Christine , Stoessl A. Jon 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThere are few reports of positron emission tomography (PET) in juvenile parkinsonism (JP). We report on the results of 18F‐6‐fluoro‐L‐dopa (FD) PET in a 14‐year‐old patient with JP of 5 years duration associated with atypical features. This is the youngest subject to be investigated to date. There was a severe asymmetric reduction in striatal FD uptake, with a rostrocaudal gradient in the putamen similar to that seen in adult‐onset idiopathic parkinsonism. Extensive DNA analysis in this patient did not show mutations in the parkin gene. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society
Treatment of pseudobulbar laughter after gamma knife thalamotomy
Authors: Okun Michael S. , Heilman Kenneth M. , Vitek Jerrold L. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe describe a case of pathological laughter after gamma knife thalamotomy which resolved after treatment with sertraline. It is important to identify this potentially treatable complication of surgical therapy. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society
Micrographia secondary to lenticular lesions
Authors: Derkinderen Pascal , Dupont Sophie , Vidal Jean‐Sébastien , Chedru François , Vidailhet Marie 
Published: October 2002

AbstractFour patients with a stroke developed micrographia. In two patients, the condition was pure and in the two other patients it was associated with signs of writer's cramp. We conclude that infarct of the left lenticular nucleus could either mimic pure micrographia similar to that of Parkinson's disease or micrographia associated with dystonia. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society
Bacterial protease inhibitors
Authors: Supuran Claudiu T. , Scozzafava Andrea , Clare Brian W. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractSerine‐, cysteine‐, and metalloproteases are widely spread in many pathogenic bacteria, where they play critical functions related to colonization and evasion of host immune defenses, acquisition of nutrients for growth and proliferation, facilitation of dissemination, or tissue damage during infection. Since all the antibiotics used clinically at the moment share a common mechanism of action, acting as inhibitors of the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis or affecting protein synthesis on ribosomes, resistance to these pharmacological agents represents a serious medical problem, which might be resolved by using new generation of antibiotics, possessing a different mechanism of action. Bacterial protease inhibitors constitute an interesting such possibility, due to the fact that many specific as well as ubiquitous proteases have recently been characterized in some detail in both gram‐positive as well as gram‐negative pathogens. Few potent, specific inhibitors for such bacterial proteases have been reported at this moment except for some signal peptidase, clostripain, Clostridium histolyticum collagenase, botulinum neurotoxin, and tetanus neurotoxin inhibitors. No inhibitors of the critically important and ubiquitous AAA proteases, degP or sortase have been reported, although such compounds would presumably constitute a new class of highly effective antibiotics. This review presents the state of the art in the design of such enzyme inhibitors with potential therapeutic applications, as well as recent advances in the use of some of these proteases in therapy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 22, No. 4, 329–372, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/med.10007
Anti‐tumor mechanisms of valproate: A novel role for an old drug
Authors: Blaheta Roman A. , Cinatl Jindrich 
Published: October 2002

AbstractValproic acid (VPA, 2‐propylpentanoic acid) is an established drug in the long‐term therapy of epilepsy. During the past years, it has become evident that VPA is also associated with anti‐cancer activity. VPA not only suppresses tumor growth and metastasis, but also induces tumor differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Several modes of action might be relevant for the biological activity of VPA: (1) VPA increases the DNA binding of activating protein‐1 (AP‐1) transcription factor, and the expression of genes regulated by the extracellular‐regulated kinase (ERK)‐AP‐1 pathway; (2) VPA downregulates protein kinase C (PKC) activity; (3) VPA inhibits glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β), a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway; (4) VPA activates the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors PPARγ and †; (5) VPA blocks HDAC (histone deacetylase), causing hyperacetylation. The findings elucidate an important role of VPA for cancer therapy. VPA might also be useful as low toxicity agent given over long time periods for chemoprevention and/or for control of residual minimal disease. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 22, No. 5, 492–511, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/med.10017
Blowup of solutions for a class of non‐linear evolution equations with non‐linear damping and source terms
Authors: Zhijian Yang 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe consider the blowup of solutions of the initial boundary value problem for a class of non‐linear evolution equations with non‐linear damping and source terms. By using the energy compensation method, we prove that when p>max{m, α}, where m, α and p are non‐negative real numbers and m+1, α+1, p+1 are, respectively, the growth orders of the non‐linear strain terms, damping term and source term, under the appropriate conditions, any weak solution of the above‐mentioned problem blows up in finite time. Comparison of the results with the previous ones shows that there exist some clear condition boundaries similar to thresholds among the growth orders of the non‐linear terms, the states of the initial energy and the existence and non‐existence of global weak solutions. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Life span of 2‐D irrotational compressible fluids in the halfplane
Authors: Secchi Paolo 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe consider the Euler equations of barotropic inviscid compressible fluids in the half plane. It is well known that, as the Mach number goes to zero, the compressible flows approximate the solution of the equations of motion of inviscid, incompressible fluids. In dimension two such limit solution exists on any arbitrary time interval, with no restriction on the size of the initial velocity. It is then natural to expect the same for the compressible solution, if the Mach number is sufficiently small.We consider smooth irrotational solutions. First, we study the life span, i.e. the largest time interval T(ε) of existence of classical solutions, when the initial data are a small perturbation of size εfrom a constant state. For the proof of this result we use a combination of energy and decay estimates. Then, the estimate of the life span allows to show, by a suitable scaling of variables, the existence of irrotational solutions on any arbitrary time interval, for any small enough Mach number. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Asymptotic behaviour and exponential stability for a transmission problem in thermoelasticity
Authors: Marzocchi Alfredo , Mut̃oz Rivera Jaime E. , Grazia Naso Maria 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe show that the solution of a semilinear transmission problem between an elastic and a thermoelastic material, decays exponentially to zero. That is, denoting by ℰ(t) the sum of the first, second and third order energy associated with the system, we show that there exist positive constants C and γsatisfying

ℰ(t) ⩽ Cℰ(0)e−γt

Moreover, the existence of absorbing sets is achieved in the non‐homogeneous case. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of a polarization imbalance in reverberation chambers and how to remove it by polarization stirring when measuring antenna efficiencies
Authors: Kildal Per‐Simon , Carlsson Charlie 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIt has previously been shown that the radiation efficiency of small antennas can be measured with good accuracy in reverberation chambers. The results are obtained by averaging several measurements of the transmitted power between the antenna under test and a fixed antenna, both located inside the chamber. Further investigations have shown that the results depend strongly on the orientation of the antenna under test and thereby on its polarization. The present Letter explains why it is like this, and how this imbalance can be removed by polarization stirring, that is, by using three orthogonal fixed antennas instead of one. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 145–149, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10398
The meander line antenna for bluetooth
Authors: Lee Jong‐Pil , Park Seong‐Ook 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis Letter proposes a novel antenna that has a small size and high gain features. The conventional chip antennas are made of very high dielectric materials that result in small size but inherently low radiation gain. Instead of using the dielectric materials, the proposed antenna has a small size while retaining high gain. The bandwidth and gain of this model, with antenna size 15 × 10 × 6 mm, have 9.0% (at 2.44 GHz, |S11| ≤ −10 dB) and 2.73 dBi, respectively. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 149–151, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10399
Design of an ultra‐broadband V antenna for microwave detection of breast tumors
Authors: Fernández Pantoja M. , González García S. , Hernández‐López M. A. , Rubio Bretones A. , Gómez Martín R. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIn this Letter an optimization procedure based on genetic algorithms is applied to the design of a resistively loaded ultra‐broadband V antenna for detecting breast tumors. Its performance is compared with that of the Wu–King design. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 164–166, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10404
Slot‐loaded center‐fed microstrip patch antenna
Authors: See T. S. P. , Ning Chen Zhi 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis Letter describes a dual‐band microstrip patch antenna with a balanced center‐fed feeding configuration and a pair of slots near the radiating edges of the patch. The effects of the slots on the impedance and radiation characteristics of the antenna are experimentally examined. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 227–232, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10424
Scattering from finite periodic structures: A comparison between measured and UAPO results
Authors: Pochini C. , Toso G. , Pelosi G. , Roederer A. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIn this Letter the scattering from finite periodic structures characterized by planar interfaces is analyzed with the use of a uniform asymptotic physical optics (UAPO) technique. The asymptotic results are compared with the results obtained with other techniques and with measured data, and demonstrate good accuracy for the UAPO. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 340–341, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10456
Cardiac status in bone tumor survivors up to nearly 19 years after treatment with doxorubicin: A longitudinal study
Authors: Postma A. , Elzenga N.J. , Haaksma J. , Schasfoort‐Van Leeuwen M.J.M. , Kamps W.A. , Bink‐Boelkens M.Th.E. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackgroundLongitudinal assessment of cardiac toxicity in anthracycline‐treated long‐term bone tumor survivors.ProceduresCardiac status was assessed in 29 patients 14.1 (range 7–18.7) years after treatment with doxorubicin (DOXO) 360 mg/m2 (median 225–550). The median age of the patients at the time of the study was 32.5 years (range 19.7–52). The evaluation consisted of an electrocardiogram (ECG), 24‐hr ambulatory ECG with analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and echocardiography. The results were compared to those of a study of the same patients that was performed 5 years earlier 8.9 years (range 2.3–14.1) after treatment. [Postma et al.: Med Pediatr Oncol 26:230–237, 1996]ResultsWe found no progression of ECG abnormalities, arrhythmias, or echocardiographic abnormalities. Females were at risk for reduced contractility (P = 0.006). HRV was significantly reduced compared to age‐ and sex‐matched controls and compared to the previous results.ConclusionsAnthracycline‐related late echocardiographic abnormalities and arrhythmias detected 8.9 years after treatment, showed no further deterioration with ongoing follow‐up. However, there was a significant reduction of HRV. This suggests that HRV might be a sensitive test for detection of anthracycline‐induced cardiac toxicity. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;39:86–92. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Malignant vascular tumors in children and adolescents: A report from the Italian and German soft tissue sarcoma cooperative group
Authors: Ferrari Andrea , Casanova Michela , Bisogno Gianni , Cecchetto Giovanni , Meazza Cristina , Gandola Lorenza , Garaventa Alberto , Mattke Adrian , Treuner Jorn , Carli Modesto 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackgroundMalignant vascular tumors are extremely rare in childhood and few data on their clinical management are available. We report on a series of 18 children who had malignant vascular tumors, treated from 1980 to 2000 by the Italian and German Soft Tissue Sarcoma Cooperative Group.ProcedureTwelve patients had angiosarcoma, four had malignant hemangioendothelioma, and two had Kaposi's sarcoma. Surgical resection was completed in six cases; radiotherapy was administered to 6 children, and chemotherapy to 14.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up of 208 months, the 5‐year survival and event‐free survival rates were 30.9 and 20.8%. Six patients were alive, four in first remission (three had tumor < 5 cm, grossly completely resected), and two in second remission. Response to chemotherapy was evaluable in nine cases and was: six no response, two partial remission, one complete remission.ConclusionsAngiosarcoma and related malignant vascular tumors are aggressive neoplasms with a poor prognosis; their behavior in children seems no different from their adult counterparts. Complete surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but is probably sufficient in only a minority of cases. Postoperative radiotherapy may have a role and could be added to improve local control. The role of chemotherapy is uncertain, but the high rate of metastatic spread prompts investigation into new chemotherapeutic approaches. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;39:109–114. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidemiology of cancer in adolescents
Authors: Stiller Charles 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIn western populations, the annual incidence rate of cancer among adolescents aged 15–19 years is around 150–200 per million, intermediate between the rates for older children and young adults. The most frequent diagnostic groups are acute leukemia, lymphomas, central nervous system tumors, bone and soft tissue sarcomas, germ cell tumors, thyroid carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. While the causes of most cancers in teenagers are still unknown, health education and promotion and public health programs offer some scope for prevention among people of this age group. Reduction in sun exposure should lead to a reduction in incidence of melanoma, and elimination of hepatitis B in regions where it is endemic should result in a decrease in hepatic carcinoma. Five‐year survival of patients diagnosed around 1990 exceeded 70% in the USA and UK. Entry to clinical trials appears to be much less frequent for adolescents with cancer than for children. There is some evidence that higher survival is associated with entry to trials or centralized treatment for certain cancers in this age group. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;39:149–155. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two new complex triterpenoid saponins from Gledistsia dolavayi Franch.
Authors: Teng Rong Wei , Ni Wei , Wang De Zu , Ding Jing Kai , Chen Chang Xiang 
Published: October 2002

AbstractTwo new triterpenoid saponins, gledistside A (1) and gledistside B (2), isolated from the fruits of Gledistsia dolavayi Franch., were characterized as the 3,28‐O‐bisdesmoside of echinocystic acid acylated with monoterpene carboxylic acids. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence, their structures were elucidated as 3‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐28‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐[β‐D‐galactopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐{6‐O‐[2,6‐dimethyl‐6(S)‐hydroxy‐2‐trans‐2,7‐octadienoyl]}‐β‐D‐glucopyranosylechinocystic acid (1) and 3‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐28‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐[β‐D‐galactopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐{6‐O‐[2‐hydroxymethyl‐6‐methyl‐6(S)‐hydroxy‐2‐trans‐2,7‐octadienoyl]}‐β‐D‐glucopyranosylechinocystic acid (2). The complete 1H and 13C assignments of saponins 1 and 2 were achieved on the basis of 2D NMR spectra including HMQC‐TOCSY, TOCSY, 1H–1H COSY, HMBC, ROESY and HMQC spectra. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of human membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46) on spermatozoa
Authors: Riley Rebecca C. , Kemper Claudia , Leung Marilyn , Atkinson John P. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractMembrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46) is a complement regulator widely expressed as four isoforms that arise via alternative splicing. On human spermatozoa, MCP is expressed on the inner acrosomal membrane and alterations of spermatozoa MCP may be associated with infertility. In rodents, expression of MCP is largely restricted to the testes. MCP on human spermatozoa has a unique Mr pattern that we have investigated. We also characterized MCP expression in mice transgenic (tg) for human MCP. Human MCP expression in the tg mice mimics the human pattern in that it is located on the inner acrosomal membrane and has a faster Mr than MCP expressed elsewhere. Sequencing of RT‐PCR products from the testis indicates that there is not a unique male reproductive tissue specific cytoplasmic tail. Instead, human spermatozoa express MCP bearing cytoplasmic tail two, which is also utilized in most other tissues and contains several signaling motifs. Further, using N‐glycosidases, we demonstrate that the unique lower molecular weight of MCP on spermatozoa is secondary to a modification in the N‐linked sugars. Specifically, as the spermatozoa mature, but before they reach the epididymis, the three N‐linked sugars of MCP are trimmed to less complex structures. While the purpose of this deglycosylation is unknown, we propose that it is a common feature of proteins expressed on the plasma and inner acrosomal membranes of spermatozoa and hypothesize that it is a spermatozoa specific event critical for facilitating sperm–egg interactions. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62:534–546, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of apoptosis in the bovine blastocyst by insulin and the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) superfamily
Authors: Byrne A.T. , Southgate J. , Brison D.R. , Leese H.J. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractInsulin and the insulin‐like growth factors, IGF‐I and IGF‐II, have been reported to exert a mitogenic effect on the preimplantation mammalian embryo. Furthermore, it has been proposed that loss of imprinting of the insulin‐like growth factor II receptor gene and the consequent over‐production of IGF‐II may be involved in the aetiology of the Enlarged Offspring Syndrome, which occurs as an artefact of in vitro embryo production. We have previously shown that apoptosis occurs in the preimplantation bovine embryo and is influenced by in vitro culture conditions. We have therefore sought to establish the effects of insulin, IGF‐I and IGF‐II on apoptosis and cell proliferation in bovine blastocysts in vitro. Zygotes, obtained by in vitro maturation and fertilization of follicular oocytes, were cultured to blastocysts, with or without exogenous growth factors. Embryos were stained with propidium iodide to label all nuclei and by TUNEL to label apoptotic nuclei and analyzed by epifluorescent and confocal microscopy. IGF‐I and IGF‐II, but not insulin, were found to increase the proportion of embryos which formed blastocysts. Insulin decreased the incidence of apoptosis without affecting blastocyst cell number. IGF‐I acted to decrease apoptosis and increase total cell number and IGF‐II increased cell number alone. These data suggest roles for insulin and the IGFs as mitogens and/or apoptotic survival factors during early bovine development. Perturbation of IGF‐II regulated growth may be involved in fetal oversize. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62:489–495, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.