bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effects of Leopoldine spa water on inflammation caused by sodium lauryl sulphate
Authors: Hercogova J , Stanghellini E , Tsoureli‐Nikita E , Menchini G 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground Sulphur mineral waters may have anti‐inflammatory effects on human skin. We evaluated the anti‐inflammatory effects of Leopoldine spa water, a salso‐sulphate water (Table 1), on human skin tested with sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS).

Chemical composition of the Leopoldine spa water

Ions
g/L

Na+
7.348

K+
0.196

Mg2+
0.167

Ca2+
0.858

Cl−
12.048

SO42–
1.930

HCO3−
0.732

pH
6.73

Fixed residue at 180 °C (g/L)
24.18

Patients and methods Ten healthy, Caucasian volunteers 28–53 years old were enrolled in this study. SLS was tested on the right arm, in two concentrations (0.5% and 1%) dissolved in both double‐distilled non‐pyrogenic water and Leopoldine spa water in four separate test tubes; 0.02 mL of each solution was applied via the testing apparatus (Vand der Bend chambers, four squares measuring 1 × 1 cm), which was fixed and remained in contact with the skin surface. The anti‐inflammatory effect was measured via the variations of redness (chromometry, parameter a*), using a Minolta CR 200 chromometer.Results At base condition the values of a* of the areas that were tested ranged from 7.11 to 9.30 with a mean of 7.97. In regard to the reaction caused by SLS dissolved in double‐distilled water, the values of a* ranged from 8.98 to 9.53, mean 9.24, for 0.5% SLS and from 12.81 to 14.33, mean 13.59, for 1% SLS. The a* values for the cutaneous reaction caused by SLS dissolved in Leopoldine spa water ranged from 7.22 to 9.60 (mean 8.20) for 0.5% SLS and from 10.8 to 12.36 (mean 11.68) for the 1% SLS.Conclusions These data show the potential anti‐inflammatory effects of Leopoldine mineral water on human skin affected by modest inflammatory reactions caused by the direct application of the chemical irritant SLS. Leopoldine spa water can, thus, be considered a natural therapeutic alternative for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions.
Seasonality trends of Pediculosis capitis and Phthirus pubis in a young adult population: follow‐up of 20 years
Authors: Mimouni D , Ankol OE , Gdalevich M , Grotto I , Davidovitch N , Zangvil E 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground It is not mandatory to report Pediculosis capitis and Phthirus pubis in most countries; therefore, little is known about the seasonality of these infestations.Methods We analysed the data based on routine and mandatory reporting of every case of Pediculosis capitis and Phthirus pubis to the Army Health Branch Epidemiology Department, Israel, over the last two decades.Results The average 20‐year incidence of Pediculosis capitis shows a significant rise during the warmer months (R2 = 0.692, P < 0.05) with a parallel significant decrease in the cooler months (R2 = 0.893, P < 0.05). The results for Phthirus pubis show a significantly higher person‐time incidence in the winter (P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis to investigate possible sources of heterogeneity during this time indicated that no single year was an important source of heterogeneity.Conclusions Pediculosis capitis is more frequent in the warmer months, whereas Phthirus pubis is more dominant in the cooler months.
The image of a leper (?): a paradigm of hidden fears of contagious diseases (Exemplified in a wall painting of Saint Elizabeth of Hungary)
Authors: Fatovic‐Ferencic S , Buklijaš T 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis is a brief study on the popular ideas about leprosy based on an 18th century wall painting in north‐western Croatia portraying Saint Elisabeth healing a sick man, possibly a leper. The analysis uses examples from the history of medicine, semantics, toponymy and iconography.
Pachydermoperiostosis and psoriatic onychopathy: an unusual association
Authors: Fietta P , Manganelli P 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACTA 33‐year‐old man, suffering from cutaneous psoriasis since the age of 16, in the last 6 years experienced slow and painless enlargement at his fingertips and later at his big toes, which resulted in digital clubbing. Since the age of 31, the patient also presented psoriatic nail changes involving all his fingernails, without joint pain or inflammation. The patient's family history was negative for psoriasis, however, his brother, a 29‐year‐old healthy man, also presented digital clubbing. The diagnosis of pachydermoperiostosis coexistent with ungual and cutaneous manifestations of psoriasis vulgaris was made. The differential diagnosis with psoriatic onycho‐pachydermo‐periostitis, as well as other clinical conditions that involve the distal interphalangeal joints is discussed.
Treating Encopresis in People with Intellectual Disabilities: a Literature Review
Authors: Lancioni Giulio E. , O'Reilly Mark F. , Basili Gabriella 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe purpose of the present paper was to review research studies of faecal soiling (not linked to anatomical anomalies) in people with intellectual disabilities. The research studies were identified through: (1) computerized searches of the PSYCLIT and MEDICAL EXPRESS databases for journal articles published between 1975 and 2000; and (2) a hand search of the reference lists of the articles found through the computerized process. Twenty‐one studies were reviewed: 13 dealt with the treatment of non‐retentive faecal soiling (i.e. soiling occurring in the absence of constipation); and eight were on retentive faecal soiling (i.e. soiling occurring in the presence of constipation). Treatment and follow‐up data tended to be fairly encouraging, with clear performance changes. An analysis of the results, in relation to the treatment conditions and designs of the studies, underlined several procedural and practical questions. Possible research initiatives to clarify those questions are presented.
Physical Interventions for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Initial Survey of Training and Evaluation of a Policy Framework
Authors: Murphy Glynis , Kelly‐Pike Amanda , McGill Peter 
Published: March 2003

Background.  Physical interventions for people who have intellectual disabilities are sometimes necessary, even though they are known to present dangers to both service users and staff. The present report concerns an initial study of training in physical interventions amongst a group of senior staff and their views on a recent policy framework on physical interventions developed by the British Institute of Learning Disabilities (BILD) and National Autistic Society (NAS).Method.  The participants in this initial study included those who had attended conferences on the policy and those who had purchased the policy document. All participants were sent a questionnaire asking them about their training in, and use of, physical intervention methods, and their opinions on the policy document.Results.  The participants came from a variety of services and were relatively well qualified and senior because of the way the sample was derived. They mostly had some training in physical intervention methods, although the type of training varied somewhat with their employing organization. Most participants were very positive about the BILD and NAS policy framework, and about two‐thirds of the participants said that their services had, or were developing, a written policy on physical interventions.Conclusions.  This group of staff, many of whom were trained in physical interventions, rated the BILD and NAS policy framework as very helpful. There remained a clear need for guidance with respect to the advantages and disadvantages of the many available methods, and an evidence base on which to judge the effectiveness of different methods of physical interventions.
Community Integration as Acculturation: Preliminary Validation of the AIMS Interview
Authors: Minnes Patricia , Buell Katherine , A. Feldman Maurice , McColl Mary Ann , McCreary Bruce 
Published: March 2003

Background  This paper introduces the Assimilation, Integration, Marginalization, Segregation (AIMS) interview, a new measure of community integration (defined as acculturation) and reports validation data supporting the use of AIMS with individuals with developmental disabilities.Methods  Caregivers acted as informants for 66 adults with moderate‐to‐mild developmental disabilities. All participants were living in the community.Results  The data gathered using AIMS provide evidence of sound psychometric properties including content, concurrent and construct validity. AIMS data for participants with developmental disabilities indicated that integration efforts have been relatively successful in the medical, dental, housing, social and community domains; however, education, employment, volunteer and spiritual activity require attention.Conclusions  In addition to use as a research tool and outcome measure, AIMS can be used to inform service delivery by providing information regarding the supports available to individuals with disabilities in a number of domains.
Puncture procedures utilizing transvaginal ultrasonic guidance
Authors: Timor‐Tritsch I. E. , Peisner D. B. , Monteagudo A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe introduction of transvaginal sonography has enabled the use of this scanning method for guided puncture procedures. A total of 102 puncture procedures are described: 63 fetal reductions, eight punctures of ectopic pregnancies, 19 drainages of pelvic contents, seven punctures of ovarian cysts, four diagnostic culdocenteses and one injection of a cervical pregnancy.Every procedure is discussed in detail. There was only one procedure‐related complication. The advantages of the ultrasound‐guided vaginal puncture procedure are its performance under real‐time imaging, a low complication rate, a better pregnancy outcome when considering the reduction of multifetal gestations, and, most importantly, the fact that abdominal surgery can be avoided in several cases. Copyright © 1991 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Ultrasound measurement of the fetal head: computer versus operator
Authors: Zador I. E. , Salari V. , Chik L. , Sokol R. J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn obstetrical ultrasound practice, biparietal diameter, occipito‐frontal diameter and head circumference are among the most commonly used fetal measurements. To minimize the limitations associated with manual measurement, we have undertaken an investigation with a focus on (1) the design of a personal computer‐based system for automated measurements of biparietal diameter, occipito‐frontal diameter and head circumference, and (2) integration of such a system (including measurements of abdomen and femur) into the routine obstetrical ultrasound examination. This report presents preliminary results of a comparison of computer‐determined fetal head measurements with those obtained by an operator. Data were obtained from 75 consecutive singleton fetal ultrasound examinations free of any obvious structural anomalies. The computer obtained acceptable measurements of biparietal diameter, occipito‐frontal diameter and head circumference from 74 images and failed on one image. There was a highly significant correlation between computer‐determined measurements of biparietal diameter (r = 0.986), occipito‐frontal diameter (r = 0.958) and head circumference (r = 0.972) and those obtained by the operators. The mean measurement difference (computer minus operator) was 1.87 ± 1.94 mm for biparietal diameter, 2.82 ± 4.13 mm for occipito‐frontal diameter and −0.36 ± 9.87 mm for head circumference. These differences were independent of the operator's identity, the instrument used and gestational age. The key finding of this study is that, with the use of inexpensive personal computer technology, it is possible to design and implement a system that can give fetal head measurements which correlate highly with manual determination by a skilled operator and which take a fraction of the time. Copyright © 1991 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Depth of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer: preoperative assessment by transvaginal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Cagnazzo G. , D'Addario V. , Martinelli G. , Lastilla G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDepth of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer correlates with pelvic lymph node metastases and tumor recurrence. Thirty patients diagnosed as having FIGO stage I endometrial carcinoma on the basis of D&C were evaluated preoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); 14 cases of the same group were also evaluated by transvaginal ultrasound. The degree of invasion evaluated by MRI and transvaginal sonography was compared to the pathological specimens. MRI was successful in evaluating myometrial invasion in 2.5 of 30 cases (accuracy 83%, sensitivity 87%, specificity 78%, positive predictive value 82%, negative predictive value 84%). Evaluation with transvaginal sonography was accurate in 11 of 14 cases (accuracy 78%, sensitivity 80% specificity 77%, positive predictive value 87%, negative predictive value 66%). Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Investigation of the human corpus luteum by ultrasonography: a proposed scheme for clinical investigation
Authors: Nakata M. , Selstam G. , Olofsson J. , Bäckström T. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe corpus luteum was investigated in 18 women undergoing hysterectomy. Preoperative ultrasonography with measurements was performed before the corpus luteum was extirpated, weighed, inspected and the diameters were measured. The concentrations of progesterone and estradiol were also determined in peripheral serum. The ultrasound pictures show that the corpus luteum has a slightly cloudy central part, which can vary from hypoechoic to hyperechoic. The peripheral part (corpus luteum ‘wall’) has a stronger echo and the maximal and minimal thicknesses can be measured. The results showed correlations between ultrasound measurements and anatomical measurements for wall thickness, outer diameter, inner diameter and wall area of the corpus luteum (n = 12, p < 0.02–0.0001). Moreover, all mid‐luteal corpora lutea with a hypoechoic central part (five of 13 women) on ultrasound scan had a cystic central structure. Based on these findings, we suggest that an ultrasound investigation of the corpus luteum in the mid‐luteal phase should use the following criteria to classify it into four types. Type a: hypoechoic central part with wall of < 3 mm; type b: hyperechoic central part with wall of < 3 mm; type c: hypoechoic central part with wall of ≥ 3 mm; and type d: hyperechoic central part with wall of ≥ 3 mm. The finding of a hypoechoic central region with a thin wall (< 3 mm) may indicate corpus luteal insufficiency, since significantly lower serum progesterone levels were found in women with this type of corpus luteum. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prenatal diagnosis of placenta previa/accreta with color Doppler ultrasound
Authors: Chou M. M. , Ho E. S. C. , Lu F. , Lee Y. H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA case of placenta previa/accreta was diagnosed at 23 weeks' gestation using color Doppler ultrasound. Imaging showed an unusually intense blood flow within the placental sonolucent spaces and the hypervascularization patterns within the placental and the non‐placental tissues. Highly pulsatile venous flow patterns were detected within the placental blood lakes and the subplacental venous complex. A strong association between the lacunar flow pattern and the abnormally adherent placentation was confirmed by the color Doppler sonographic findings. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Intrathoracic cardiac position in the fetus
Authors: Allan L. D. , Lockhart S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn a 4‐year period, 83 fetuses have been noted to have an abnormal fetal heart position within the thorax on fetal echocardiography. In 55 cases where the heart lay in the right chest, this was due to the presence of a left‐sided diaphragmatic hernia; in one case, the heart was abnormally far into the left chest because of a left‐sided diaphragmatic hernia. Of the remaining 27 cases, the heart lay in the right chest in 16 cases. In seven of those 16, there was a congenital heart malformation; in six, there were lung anomalies; a hiatus hernia was present in one; both congenital heart disease and lung abnormality were present in one and one fetus had isolated dextrocardia. In nine cases, the heart lay in the center of the chest and in three, the heart lay further to the left than normal. Congenital heart disease was found in nine of these 12. Chromosomal anomalies were found in four of the 27 cases with an abnormal heart position but an intact diaphragm. In summary, it is important to be familiar with the normal cardiac orientation within the thorax and to investigate abnormalities of position. A diaphragmatic hernia will be the most common underlying cause but, where the diaphragm is intact, other explanations must be sought in order to counsel correctly or plan appropriate perinatal management. Lung disorders, congenital heart disease and chromosomal anomalies will be the principal differential diagnoses. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Antenatal diagnosis of vasa previa by transvaginal color Doppler sonography
Authors: Arts H. , van Eyck J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractVasa previa is a rare complication of pregnancy with a high perinatal mortality, which has virtually not changed over the last 200 years. In this case report we describe the use of color Doppler ultrasonography to make a correct antepartum diagnosis of vasa previa. The baby was delivered by Cesarean section. A strategy is presented which may reduce the high mortality rate from this condition. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prenatal detection of heart defects at the routine fetal examination at 18 weeks in a non‐selected population
Authors: Tegnander E. , Eik‐Nes S. H. , Johansen O. J. , Linker D. T. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractFew studies have addressed the prenatal detection rate of congenital heart defects in a non‐selected population at 18 weeks of gestation. Our objective was to assess the change in the prenatal detection rate of congenital heart defects in such a population that resulted from incorporating the four‐chamber view at the second‐ trimester routine ultrasound examination. The prenatal detection rate of heart defects was prospectively compared between 4435 fetuses in Phase I who were stunned without special attention to the heart, and 7459 fetuses in Phase II who were scanned incorporating the four‐chamber view. Of the 49 heart defects in Phase I, 17 (35%) were critical and three (18%) of these were detected prenatally. Of the 90 heart defects in Phase II, 23 (26%) were critical, six (26%) of these were detected prenatally at the 18 weeks' routine stun, and three were detected in the third trimester, providing a total prenatal detection rate of 39%. A defect was classified as critical when a surgical repair was likely to be required because of gross structural complexity having a functional significance, e.g. transposition of the great arteries, hypo‐plastic left heart syndrome, atrioventricular septal defect, coarctation of the aorta, and large ventricular septal defect. No non‐critical heart defects were detected prenatally in either of the phases. The incidences in the total population were 11 and 12/1000 in Phases I and II, respectively. Thirty‐two per cent of the critical and 16% of the non‐critical defects had associated abnormalities and/or abnormal karyotype. Implementation of the four‐chamber view increased the prenatal detection rate of critical heart defects. To improve the results significantly, education and an extended fetal heart examination are necessary. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Changes of venous blood flow velocity waveforms in fetuses with supraventricular tachycardia
Authors: Gembruch U. , Krapp M. , Baumann P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractStudies in the fetal lamb have shown that atrial pacing beyond a rate of 300–320 beats/min may be associated with dramatic changes of venous blood velocity waveforms, an increase of venous pressure by up to 75%, hydrops, polyhydramnios and placental edema. The aim of our study was to determine the ‘critical’ heart rate frequency in the human fetus. In 11 fetuses (five with and six without hydrops) with supraventricular tachycardia, pulsed wave Doppler analysis of flow velocity waveforms of the inferior vena cava, the ductus venosus and the left hepatic vein were performed before and after drug treatment.In ten cases cardioversion was achieved by in utero antiarrhythmic drug therapy; in one case treated with digoxin and flecainide the supraventricular tachycardia was decreased to 160–190 beats/min with disappearance of hydrops.Before intrauterine treatment of supraventricular tachycardia, pulsatile reversal of blood flow in the inferior vena cava, ductus venosus and left hepatic vein was visible, with monophasic forward flow during systole and reversed flow during diastole in ten of 11 fetuses. One fetus with supraventricular tachycardia of 195 beats/min showed a normal biphasic forward flow pattern. During drug‐induced sinus rhythm, a normal biphasic forward venous bloodflow pat tern was shown in all ten cases.In five cases pulsatile reversal was demonstrated during a drug‐induced reduction of the heart rate from 280 to 210 beats/min and a normal biphasic forward flow velocity waveform appeared during supraventricular tachycardia below 210 beats/min.From our results it appears that pulsatile venous flow velocity waveform changes to a biphasic forward pattern below a ‘critical’ heart rate of approximately 210 beats/min in the human fetus. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fetal intracerebral hemorrhage in the second trimester: diagnosis by sonography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Reiss I. , Gortner L. , Möller J. , Gehl H.‐B. , Baschat A. A. , Gembruch U. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractGerminal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage has rarely been observed in the fetus. In most cases the etiology is clear. We report one case of prenatal diagnosis of a periventricular hemorrhage of uncertain etiology in a fetus of 22 weeks' gestation. For confirmation of the ultrasound diagnosis, antenatal magnetic imaging was performed. A male child was delivered in good condition at 37 weeks by Cesarean section. Postnatal ultrasound examination showed a cystic lesion in the right frontal lobe (10 × 10 mm) connecting with the right lateral ventricle. The development of the child at 18 months of age has been normal without any neurological impairment. Copyright © 1996 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology