bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arm‐current sensorless model predictive control for grid‐interfacing modular multilevel converter with reduced switching frequency
Authors: Sharma Ankita , Chilipi Rajasekharareddy , Praveen Kumar Kunisetti V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractModel predictive control (MPC) emerges as an attractive alternative for the control of modular multilevel converters (MMCs) owing to its superior dynamic performance and ease of implementation. Nevertheless, conventional MPC's performance could be further improved by reducing dependence on weighting factors, switching frequency, and computational burden. To achieve these objectives, an arm‐current sensorless MPC is developed for a grid‐interfacing MMC in this article. The MPC is integrated with an arm‐current sensorless reduced switching frequency voltage balance algorithm that requires only
switching vectors (where
number of submodules per arm) to optimize the cost function. This method does not require knowledge of arm‐current direction to decide the charging and discharging state of the submodule capacitors. The developed control not only reduces the switching frequency of devices but also eliminates the need to sense the arm currents. As a result, it reduces the system's cost, complexity, computational burden, switching losses and provides a more reliable control method for MMCs with superior dynamic performance. Further, the effect of parameter mismatch on the developed MPC's dynamic performance and stability is studied. The developed MPC's effectiveness is validated through both simulation and experimental results and also compared with existing methods under different conditions.
Fewer young men are enrolling in college
Authors: Sutton Halley 
Published: January 2024

Men are responsible for a majority of the enrollment declines at colleges and universities — particularly at four‐year institutions. That finding comes from a recently released report by the Pew Research Center, which found that men's enrollment at colleges and universities has been declining over the past decade, with recent numbers down 1.2 million from its peak in 2011. Only 0.2 million fewer women are enrolled in college than peak 2011 numbers.
A Practical, Scalable Synthesis of 1,18‐Octadecanedioic acid‐Paclitaxel (ODDA‐PTX)
Authors: Rositano Vincenzo , Gambini Andrea , Allegrini Pietro , Bernardi Anna , Senaldi Luca 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPaclitaxel is one of the most important chemotherapy agents and it has shown activity against a variety of human cancers. In the past years several derivatives and formulations have been developed to improve its activity and reduce its toxicity. Recently, 1,18‐Octadecanedioic acid‐Paclitaxel (ODDA‐PTX), obtained by conjugation of paclitaxel with a long‐chain diacid, has emerged as a promising paclitaxel prodrug, with high efficacy and low toxicity. A novel strategy for its synthesis has been developed and is herein described. The approach is based on the mono‐allyl protection of octadecanedioic acid (ODDA) and on the Pd‐catalyzed removal of the allyl ester after coupling with paclitaxel. This strategy is superior to previously reported procedures in that it affords the ODDA‐PTX product with much higher purity, avoids chromatographic purifications and can be practically scaled‐up for the industrial production of ODDA‐PTX.
Copper‐Mediated Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction of Pyrrole and Indole Derivatives with Thiols
Authors: Ma Wenbo , Xu Yue , Gu Qilin , Zheng Tao , Gu Linghui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA copper‐mediated C(sp2)−H thiolation of pyrrole and indole derivatives with commercially available thiols utilizing a removable monodentate directing group is described. This protocol tolerated a broad range of functional groups and provided the thiolated products in 40 %–97 % yields. Furthermore, the synthetic utility of this protocol was demonstrated by the late‐stage functionalization of bioactive tryptophan peptide. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that a Cu(II)/Cu(III) reaction model is most likely to be involved in this C−H thiolation.
Deep oxidative desulfurization of real fuels by a new nanocomposite based on mono Cd(II)‐substituted Keggin‐type silicotungstate, cobalt ferrite and polyaniline as an efficient nanocatalyst
Authors: Khalafi Nasrin , Rezvani Mohammad Ali , Jafarian Vahab , Ardeshiri Hadi Hassani , Mohammadi Mohammad , Akhoondi Amir Hossein 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo obtain clean fuel, synthesis and characterization of a novel nanocomposite based on mono CdII‐substituted silicotungstate (K3SiW11CdO39), cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), and polyaniline (PAN) was presented for the first time. K3SiW11CdO39@CoFe2O4@PAN was identified by FT‐IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques. The outcomes of the characterizations have shown that K3SiW11CdO39 and CoFe2O4 are uniformly dispersed on the PAN surface. The K3SiW11CdO39@CoFe2O4@PAN was employed as a heterogeneous catalyst in the extractive coupled oxidative desulfurization (ECOD) of both real gasoline and dibenzothiophene (DBT) as a thiophenic model fuel. Under relatively mild reaction conditions, the catalytic performance of the as‐prepared nanocatalyst in the ECOD procedure was studied by incorporating acetic acid/hydrogen proxied as an oxidant system at a volume ratio of 1:2. Based on the results, the K3SiW11CdO39@CoFe2O4@PAN nanocatalyst demonstrated effectiveness of up to 95% with 0.1 g at 35°C under optimal operating conditions in the ECOD process. Additionally, the synthesized nanocatalyst exhibited the ability to undergo five consecutive runs in the ECOD process without any discernible reduction in its activity.
Comparative analysis of cloud resources forecasting using deep learning techniques based on VM workload traces
Authors: Kollu Praveen Kumar , Janjanam Tejaswini Sambrajyam , Siram Kavya Sharmila 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe major cost of running a cloud is power consumption. Under‐utilization of resources that are kept idly on, over‐allocation of resources, and so on, are a few reasons for excessive power utilization by the data centers. So, to optimize the power consumption, future resource usage of virtual machines (VM) can be forecasted using their trace logs. Based on this prediction, excessively allocated VM resources can be freed thereby reducing the number of physical machines as well as the carbon footprint. In this work, we present a comparative study of some deep learning techniques such as multilayer perceptron (MLP), autoregressive neural network (ARNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), long short‐term memory (LSTM) network in forecasting the CPU, memory usage of many VMs. The GWA‐T‐12 Bitbrains data center dataset consisting of 1250 VMs' workload traces is used in this work. The main goal is to avoid underload/overload in VMs which occurs sometimes while trying to optimize resource allocation. We achieved a maximum of 98% accuracy in future resource requirement forecasting. Among all models, MLP attained the highest accuracy.
An evaluation of the inflation forecasting performance of the European Central Bank, the Federal Reserve, and the Bank of England
Authors: Argiri Eleni , Hall Stephen G. , Momtsia Angeliki , Papadopoulou Daphne Marina , Skotida Ifigeneia , Tavlas George S. , Wang Yongli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe provide an overview of the formulation of the forecasts of the European Central Bank, the Federal Reserve, and the Bank of England. We also provide statistical assessments of the performance of the forecasting process of those central banks. We find that the inflation forecasts have, by‐and‐large, been unbiased and efficient at the very short‐term forecast horizon. The performance deteriorates over longer horizons. This latter finding could be attributable, inter alia, to the approach applied in the integration in the forecasting process of the assumptions on the future market‐implied interest rate path.
Ethyl acetate fraction of oregano seed protects non‐alcoholic fatty liver in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice through modulation of Srebp‐1c
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Jong , Bae Ji‐Yun , Park Kye Won , Kim Mi‐Ja 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOregano (Origanum vulgare) seed is used as spices and is known to have anti‐inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. The anti‐fatty liver effects of oregano seed ethyl acetate (OSEA) were evaluated in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese mice. OSEA was orally administered with HFD for 10 weeks. The body weight, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, cholesterol, triglyceride, and low‐density lipoprotein levels in the HFD with 100 mg/kg of OSEA significantly decreased by approximately 1.21‐, 1.44‐, 2.12‐, 1.12‐, 1.05, and 1.59 times, respectively, while high‐density lipoprotein levels increased by approximately 1.05 times compared to those in the HFD group (p < .05). In addition, the distribution of liver fat in the HFD with 100 mg/kg OSEA (OSEA 100) group decreased significantly (p < .05). Therefore, OSEA supplementation can ameliorate fatty liver disease and reduce the accumulation of triglycerides in adipose tissue. The expression of genes involved in liver fat accumulation, such as sterol regulatory element‐binding protein‐1c (Srebp‐1c), fatty acid synthase (Fas), stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐1 (Scd1), and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase 1 (Acc1), significantly decreased in OSEA 100 by approximately 2.6‐, 1.74‐, 1.89‐, and 1.56‐times, respectively (p < .05). Therefore, OSEA may modify obesity and liver fat accumulation by regulating the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.
Conjugation of gum Arabic and lentil protein hydrolysates through Maillard reaction: Antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, functional and sensory properties
Authors: Rezvankhah Amir , Ghanbarzadeh Babak , Mirzaee Homaira , Ahmadi Hassan Abad Ali , Tavakkoli Ali , Yarmand Alireza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLentil protein hydrolysates (LPH) and lentil protein hydrolysates cross‐linked (LPHC) were grafted with gum Arabic (GA) through a wet Maillard reaction at 100°C for 2 h and called MLPH and MLPHC. The samples were assessed for absorption, degree of grafting (DG), surface hydrophobicity, antioxidant activity, molecular weight (MW) profile, chemical alteration, volatile compounds, functional and sensory properties. Results showed that Maillard grafting led to increase in absorption and DG (maximum value: MLPHC), and led to the reduction of the surface hydrophobicity and antioxidant activity (minimum value: MLPHC). MW profiles indicated that MLPH and MLPHC formed new bands at MW >250 kDa. Regarding the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Maillard conjugation led to the occurrence of peaks at 1759 and 1765 cm−1, while the intensities of amide I bands at 1637 and 1659 cm−1 and amide II bands at 1498 and 1495 cm−1 were decreased. Hydrolysis, cross‐linking, and especially Maillard grafting provided well‐balanced content of volatile components. Indeed, the proportions of alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, and acids were changed, thereby, the inherent grassy and planty tastes were diminished while new umami taste was developed. Maillard grafting led to significant improvement of functional properties, while MLPH and MLPHC indicated the highest emulsifying activity at pH 10.0 (73.76 and 70.12 m2/g, respectively) and stability (369.64 and 288.22 min), foaming capacity (88.57% and 142.86%) and stability (60.57% and 72%). Sensory analysis has demonstrated that umami taste was highly developed in MLPH and MLPHC, which can be well considered as meat proteins and flavor enhancers such as monosodium glutamate (MSG).
Differential response of placental cells to high D‐glucose and its impact on extracellular vesicle biogenesis and trafficking via small GTPase Ras‐related protein RAB‐7A
Authors: Palma Carlos , Lai Andrew , Scholz‐Romero Katherin , Chittoory Haarika , Van Haeringen Benjamin , Carrion Flavio , Handberg Aase , Lappas Martha , Lakhani Sunil R , McCart Reed Amy E , McIntyre H. David , Nair Soumyalekshmi , Salomon Carlos 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlacental extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be found in the maternal circulation throughout gestation, and their concentration, content and bioactivity are associated with pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the effect of changes in the maternal microenvironment on the mechanisms associated with the secretion of EVs from placental cells remains to be fully established. Here, we evaluated the effect of high glucose on proteins associated with the trafficking and release of different populations of EVs from placental cells. BeWo and HTR8/SVneo cells were used as placental models and cultured under 5‐mM D‐glucose (i.e. control) or 25‐mM D‐glucose (high glucose). Cell‐conditioned media (CCM) and cell lysate were collected after 48 h. Different populations of EVs were isolated from CCM by ultracentrifugation (i.e. pellet 2K‐g, pellet 10K‐g, and pellet 100K‐g) and characterised by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. Quantitative proteomic analysis (IDA/SWATH) and multiple reaction monitoring protocols at high resolution (MRMHR) were developed to quantify 37 proteins related to biogenesis, trafficking/release and recognition/uptake of EVs. High glucose increased the secretion of total EVs across the pellets from BeWo cells, an effect driven mainly by changes in the small EVs concentration in the CCM. Interestingly, no effect of high glucose on HTR8/SVneo cells EVs secretion was observed. High glucose induces changes in proteins associated with vesicle trafficking in BeWo cells, including Heat Shock Protein Family A (Hsp70) Member 9 (HSPA9) and Member 8 (HSPA8). For HTR8/SVneo, altered proteins including prostaglandin F2α receptor regulatory protein (FPRP), RAB5A, RAB35, RAB5B, and RB11B, STAM1 and TSG101. These proteins are associated with the secretion and trafficking of EVs, which could explain in part, changes in the levels of circulating EVs in diabetic pregnancies. Further, we identified that proteins RAB11B, PDCD6IP, STAM, HSPA9, HSPA8, SDCBP, RAB5B, RAB5A, RAB7A and ERAP1 regulate EV release in response to high and low glucose when overexpressed in cells. Interestingly, immunohistochemistry analysis of RAB7A revealed distinct changes in placental tissues obtained from women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 6) and those with GDM (n = 6), influenced by diet or insulin treatment. High glucose regulation of proteins involved in intercellular dynamics and the trafficking of multivesicular bodies to the plasma membrane in placental cells is relevant in the context of GDM pregnancies.
Percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation for adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: Cost‐benefit and cost‐minimization analysis
Authors: Shah Eric , Eswaran Shanti , Harer Kimberly , Lee Allen , Nojkov Borko , Singh Prashant , Chey William D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAbdominal pain drives significant cost for adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We performed an economic analysis to estimate cost‐savings for patients' families and healthcare insurance, and health outcomes, based on abdominal pain improvement with percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation (PENFS) with IB‐Stim® (Neuraxis). We constructed a Markov model with a 1‐year time horizon comparing outcomes and costs with PENFS versus usual care without PENFS. Clinical outcomes were derived from a sham‐controlled double‐blind trial of PENFS for adolescents with IBS. Costs/work‐productivity impact for parents were derived from appropriate observational cohorts. PENFS was associated with 18 added healthy days over 1 year of follow‐up, increased annual parental wages of $5,802 due to fewer missed work days to care for the child, and $4744 in cost‐savings to insurance. Percutaneous electrical field nerve stimulation for adolescents with IBS appears to yield significant cost‐savings to patients' families and insurance.
Enhancement of Sensitivity for Retroreflection‐Based Biosensor by Controlling Polymer Brush on Janus Particles
Authors: Xu Yangyang , Choi Sunjoo , Yoo Tae Hyeon , Lee Kyung Jin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAmong the methods for onsite detection of specific biomolecules, the use of retroreflective Janus particles (RJPs) is a simple and efficient method for biophotonic probes to detect biotarget molecules with spatioselectivity, which can make the RJPs align toward light sources after capturing the target biomolecules, enhancing retroreflection. Because RJP has two distinct regions with different properties, specific reagents can be easily functionalized through chemical reactions between the functional groups and biotarget molecules. The number of functional groups on RJP will be the critical parameter for efficiency of sensing ability. Here, clickable (azide) polymer brush is introduced on surface of RJP via different surface polymerization methods (grafting to and grafting from method). Azide groups allow for the easy modification of dibenzocyclooctyne‐linked biomolecules onto silica particles through click chemistry. RJPs are prepared with different quantities of azide functional groups on their surfaces via solvent volatilization method and metal deposition. Using a retroreflective immunosensing system, sensitive detection of target biomolecules is performed.
Nurses' experiences and perspectives regarding evidence‐based practice implementation in healthcare context: A qualitative study
Authors: Mohamed Rasha A. , Alhujaily Muhanad , Ahmed Faransa A. , Nouh Wael G. , Almowafy Abeer A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo explore nurses' experiences and perspectives about evidence‐based practice (EBP) implementation in the healthcare context.DesignA qualitative descriptive study design using focus group discussions (FGDs).MethodSixty‐four nurses who purposefully selected and worked at various healthcare organizations in Bisha Governorate, Saudi Arabia, were included. Eight FGDs were used to obtain data using open‐ended questions. The collected data underwent inductive qualitative content analysis.ResultsTwo main categories were extracted: experiences and perspectives towards EBP. The experiences category emerged into four sub‐categories: familiarity with concepts and benefits, steps, dissemination sources of EBP and sources of EBP knowledge, while perspectives towards the EBP category included four sub‐categories: application of EBP in clinical practice, barriers, facilitators and EBP application methods. The participants experienced being in a non‐supportive and non‐encouraging atmosphere which results from a lack of organizational commitment to EBP implementation and illuminates the complexities involved in the integration process.ConclusionThe nurses' experience with EBP indicated that there was limited support for the implementation of this approach. Furthermore, they experienced varying barriers to EBP implementation. They viewed EBP as a complex technique as they lacked knowledge and skills related to the formulation of research questions, and retrieving, applying and disseminating of EBP in clinical practice decision‐making. That is due to barriers pertinent to the individual, organizational and patient factors. The key to successfully implementing an EBP in nursing practice is to promote professional development, comprehensive and continuous training, a culture of change, organizational support and motivation.Clinical RelevanceThrough the construction and provision of ongoing educational interventions and mentoring programmes about EBP, healthcare organizations and nursing leadership may develop a comprehensive strategy to encourage staff nurses' participation in the EBP process. This is to enhance nurses' experiences and perspectives towards the EBP approach and overcome the barriers to effective implementation.No Patient or Public Contribution to this StudyPatients or the general public were not involved in the design, analysis or interpretation of the data in this study.
Grounding the history of modern warfare: An extended book review of Peter Thompson's The Gas Mask in Interwar Germany
Authors: Schmidt Ulf 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEver since Germany's use of chlorine gas on the battlefields of Flanders during the First World War, modern warfare has become synonymous with gas warfare, its images an iconographic shorthand for a detached, humiliating, and dishonourable death, and the gas mask a modern symbol of memento mori, a reminder of our own mortality. The paper argues that a critical history of chemical weapons and protective technologies, which is firmly grounded in the historiography and pays particular attention to the wider political and scientific context and related complexities, can help to facilitate greater public understanding and a willingness among key stakeholders to prioritise a shared interest: the creation of a world free from chemical weapons once and for all. Through an extended book review of Peter Thompson's recent book The Gas Mask in Interwar Germany, the paper seeks to demonstrate that writing such a history of modern warfare poses distinct challenges. Across eight chapters, the book covers, among others, the history of the first attack with chlorine gas in 1915, the development of gas masks, the perceived fear of gas among soldiers, the role of doctors in treating gas casualties, the role and writings of “gas specialists”, and, last but not least, the alleged realisation of a specific “Nazi chemical modernity”, through which the author attempts to connect the subject matter with the Holocaust. Such a wide‐ranging, longue durée perspective can be fruitful if it is done with an attention to critical source analyses and balanced argumentation. Whether the book will inspire scholars to “rewrite the history of the twentieth century”, as the author implies, remains to be seen, but its broad discussion about the perceived and real implications of chemical agents and other “invisible toxins” undoubtedly offers food for thought in an increasingly volatile and seemingly threatening world.
Photonic blood glucose measurement with infrared quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Janik Sergius , Lubinski Thorsten , Kaluza Michael , Mäntele Werner 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiabetes patients rely on frequent measurement of blood glucose that is presently performed by painful pricking and analysis of a drop of blood. Diamontech has developed a noninvasive technique that targets a prominent mid‐infrared signature of glucose. This technique uses quantum cascade lasers and photothermal detection. Clinical validation has proven an accuracy similar to current invasive techniques.
High‐speed laser drilling to scale up fuel cells and hydrogen electrolyzers
Authors: Leering Mitchell , Jolliffe Cliff , Marimuthu Sundar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractScaling up clean hydrogen production using renewable energy is essential for decarbonizing a range of sectors, including transportation, chemicals, and steel, where reducing emissions and achieving net‐zero targets have proven to be challenging. Advances in laser‐based manufacturing, particularly ultra‐high‐speed laser drilling, are crucial for economically producing and scaling up hydrogen components, including high‐temperature hydrogen electrolyzers (HTHE).