bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia in Portugal is dominated by serotype 3 and non-PCV13 serotypes 3-years after near universal PCV13 use in children
Authors: Silva-Costa Catarina , Gomes-Silva Joana , Santos Andreia , Ramirez Mário , Melo-Cristino José ,   The Portuguese Group for the Study of Streptococcal Infections
Published: December 2023

IntroductionNon-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (NIPP) is possibly the most frequent infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults. However, the herd effect of vaccinating children in adult NIPP (aNIPP) remains poorly characterized.MethodsWe determined the serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates causing aNIPP (&gt;18 years) in 2016–2018 in Portugal; 3 years with near universal vaccination of children with the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13), following over a decade of significant PCV use in children in the private market.Results and discussionAmong the 1,149 aNIPP isolates, the most frequent serotypes detected were: 3 (n = 168, 14.6%), 11A (n = 102, 8.9%), 19F (n = 70, 6.1%), 23A and 23B (n = 62, 5.4% each), 9N (n = 60, 5.2%), 8 and 29/35B (n = 43, 3.7% each); together accounting for 53% of all isolates. The serotype distribution causing aNIPP was stable in 2016–2018, with the serotypes included in PCV7 still being important causes of disease and serotype 3, a PCV13 serotype, remaining the leading cause of aNIPP. There was an increase in penicillin non-susceptibility from 17% in 2016 to 24% in 2018 (p = 0.018). Some PCV13 serotypes, such as 14, 19A and 19F were associated to resistance, which may have contributed to their persistence. The fact that close to 20% of aNIPP is caused by four non-vaccine serotypes (23A, 23B, 9N, and 29/35B) and that there were significant differences in serotype distribution relative to invasive disease, stress the importance of maintaining the surveillance of these infections. The lack of a continued herd effect from vaccinating children and the significant fraction of aNIPP potentially preventable by PCV13 (30%), PCV15 (34%), PCV20 (53%) and the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (61%) underscore the importance of considering the broader use of pneumococcal vaccines in adults.
Prevention of influenza complications in patients with liver disease: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bianchi Francesco Paolo , Losito Francesco , Labarile Nunzia , Shahini Endrit , Cozzolongo Raffaele 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPatients with chronic liver disease are highly prone to acquiring influenza infection diseases and experiencing associated complications. National and international guidelines recommend the influenza vaccine for patients with liver disorders to reduce the risk of influenza complications. Our study aims to evaluate the risk of flu complications faced by patients with liver disease and assess influenza vaccination coverage.MethodsThe archive of hospital discharge forms was used to define the list of Apulian patients with liver disease, considering data from 2017 through 2022. The vaccination status of these patients was assessed via data collected from the Regional Immunization Database. We focused on influenza vaccine shots administered during the 2020/21, 2021/22, and 2022/23 flu seasons.ResultsA declining trend across the flu seasons was observed, with a VC of 49.5% in the 2020/21 flu season, 48.1% in the 2021/22 season, and 45.0% in the 2022/23 season. Subjects with multiple comorbidities have higher vaccination rates. Additionally, the multivariate models demonstrate that vaccination compliance increases with age and is strongly associated with having received a previous influenza vaccine shot.ConclusionThe VC rates reported in our study are unsatisfactory and did not reach the minimum achievable goal (75%) the Italian Ministry of Health set. A multifactorial approach is required to raise the immunization rates and therefore protect the patients from the influenza-associated risk of collateral liver damage; the role of gastroenterologists and hepatologists is crucial, as their responsibilities should extend beyond patient care to the prevention of complications after infectious diseases.
The double burden of COVID-19 and a major volcanic eruption on local food production and food security in a Small Island Developing State
Authors: Augustus Eden , Murphy Madhuvanti M. , Guell Cornelia , Morrissey Karyn , Ramdath Dan , Woodward Mark , Anderson Simon G. , Unwin Nigel 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSmall Island Developing States have disproportionately high food insecurity rates, related to complex challenges and vulnerabilities. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted that within these settings, crises often overlap. We aimed to assess the impact of the concurrent COVID-19 pandemic and volcanic eruption on food production and security in St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG).MethodsAn interpretive mixed-methods study was conducted among a convenience sample of consenting adults ≥18 years from 100 households in SVG through a cross-sectional survey and participant interviews (10 households) between September 2021 and March 2022. Food insecurity prevalence over the past year was assessed using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES; Rasch modeling) and impacts to livelihoods from the pandemic and volcanic eruption was assessed using an adapted Caribbean COVID-19 Food Security and Livelihoods Impact Survey (Caribbean COVID-19 FS&amp;L Survey). Data were analyzed using logistic regression.ResultsDuring the pandemic, 59% of the participants reported decreased income, 63% had no access to markets, 81% had no access to food aid; 34% of the participants had a change in food sources, and 81% reported that food production was negatively impacted by the volcanic eruptions, of which 68% reported decreased food production. The interviews highlighted that access to markets were restricted by fear of leaving home and contracting the COVID-19 virus, and participants who received food aid stated that the number of items were not sufficient for larger families. Almost half of the participants were severely food insecure [48% (95% C.I. 31.2,57.8)]; almost two thirds were moderately to severely food insecure [64% (95% C.I. 50.0, 74.2)]; mean FIES score 5.31 (95% C.I. 5.0,5.6). After adjusting for gender, age, education, and household size, moderate to severe food insecurity was associated with no access to food aid during the pandemic and post-eruptions (odds ratio 3.7; 95% confidence interval 1.5, 9.1; p = 0.004).ConclusionFood insecurity rates were high during the COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbated by volcanic eruptions and insufficient access to food aid. Our results suggest the need for the development of strategies and interventions aimed at increasing the resilience of food systems to mitigate the effects of future disasters.
DETERMINATION OF THE LINGUISTIC DOMINANTS OF THE WRITER'S IDIOSTYLE AS A MEANS OF TEACHING THE MODERN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Styrkina Yu. 
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the definition of the linguistic dominants of the writer's idiostyle as a means of teaching the modern Ukrainian language. The author claims that the definition of the linguistic dominants of the writer's idiostyle with the help of linguistic analysis of the text is an extremely effective and comprehensive means of teaching the modern Ukrainian language in high school. The theoretical significance of the article is revealed in the fact that its provisions deepen the theoretical foundations of the study of the linguistic picture of the world, the idiolect of an individual writer. In the study, based on modern linguistic paradigms, the essence of the concepts "idiostyle", "individual style", "idiolect" was substantiated, their status was specified in accordance with modern linguistic stylistic concepts, the relationships between the concepts "idiolect", "linguistic personality", "idiolect of the writer" were revealed ", "conceptosphere of the idiolect"; the expediency of introducing the concept of "idiolectema" into scientific circulation is substantiated.
The practical significance of the obtained results is determined by the possibility of their use in teaching university courses of lexicology and phraseology, stylistics of the Ukrainian language, linguistic analysis of artistic text, linguistic and cultural studies; in the process of preparing and reading special courses on stylistics and the history of the Ukrainian literary language. Collected and systematized factual material is important for lexicographic and phraseographic work - creation of dictionaries of the language of writers. The article also notes that the idiostyle of the famous contemporary writer Oksana Zabuzhko is particularly interesting for students' empirical research and can be treated as a method of modern Ukrainian language study in the high school.
In situ High-Energy Synchrotron X-ray Studies in Thermodynamics of Mg-In-Ti Hydrogen Storage System
Authors: Zhu Wen , Ren Li , Li Yinghui , Lu Chong , Lin Xi , Zhang Qiuyu , Yang Xue , Hu Zhigang , Cheng Tao , Zhao Yingyan , Zou Jianxin 
Published: December 2023

Achieving dual regulation of the kinetics and thermodynamics of MgH
2
is essential for the practical applications. In this study, a novel nanocomposite (In@Ti-MX) architected from single-/few-layered Ti
3
C
2
MXenes and ultradispersed indium nanoparticles was prepared by a bottom-up self-assembly strategy and introduced into MgH
2
to solve the above-mentioned problems. The MgH
2
+In@Ti-MX composites demonstrate excellent hydrogen storage performance: The resultant In@Ti-MX demonstrated a positive effect on the hydrogen storage performance of MgH
2
/Mg: the dehydrogenated rate of MgH
2
+15 wt%In@Ti-MX reached the maximum at 330 °C, which was 47 °C lower than that of commercial MgH
2
; The hydrogenation enthalpy of the dehydrided MgH
2
+15 wt%In@Ti-MX and MgH
2
+25 wt%In@Ti-MX were determined to be −66.2 ± 1.1 and −61.7 ± 1.4 kJ·mol
−1
H
2
. In situ high-energy synchrotron x-ray diffraction technique together with other microstructure analyses revealed that synergistic effects from Ti
3
C
2
MXenes and In nanoparticles (NPs) contributed to the improved kinetics and thermodynamics of MgH
2
(Mg): Ti/TiH
2
derived from Ti
3
C
2
MXenes accelerated the dissociation and recombination of hydrogen molecule/atoms, while In NPs reduced the thermodynamic stability of MgH
2
by forming the Mg-In solution. Such a strategy of using dual-active hybrid structures to modify MgH
2
/Mg provides a new insight for tuning both the hydrogen storage kinetics and thermodynamics of Mg-based hydrides.
A GENERATIVE MODEL FOR DEEP FAKE AUGMENTATION OF PHONOCARDIOGRAM AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAM SIGNALS USING LSGAN AND CYCLE GAN
Authors: Rayavarapu Swarajya Madhuri , Prasanthi Tammineni Shanmukha , Kumar Gottapu Santosh , Rao Gottapu Sasibhushana , Prashanti Gottapu 
Published: December 2023

In order to diagnose a range of cardiac conditions, it is important to conduct an accurate evaluation of either phonocardiogram (PCG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) data. Artificial intelligence and machine learning-based computer-assisted diagnostics are becoming increasingly commonplace in modern medicine, assisting clinicians in making life-or-death decisions. The requirement for an enormous amount of information for training to establish the framework for a deep learning-based technique is an empirical challenge in the field of medicine. This increases the risk of personal information being misused. As a direct result of this issue, there has been an explosion in the study of methods for creating synthetic patient data. Researchers have attempted to generate synthetic ECG or PCG readings. To balance the dataset, ECG data were first created on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database using LS GAN and Cycle GAN. Next, using VGGNet, studies were conducted to classify arrhythmias for the synthesized ECG signals. The synthesized signals performed well and resembled the original signal and the obtained precision of 91.20%, recall of 89.52% and an F1 score of 90.35%.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCESSIBILITY TOOLS ON WEBSITES
Authors: Cieśla Marcin , Dzieńkowski Mariusz 
Published: December 2023

The websites of higher education institutions, due to the fact that they are addressed to multiple stakeholder groups, not only need to have an appropriately designed information structure but must also be useful. Additionally, in the case of public universities, their services are expected to be accessible to the widest possible audience, especially for people with disabilities. The accessibility tools used on websites should be quickly located, easily identifiable and user-friendly. So far, no standards have been developed regarding these issues, and therefore, there are various solutions on the web. The objective of this study is to analyze various implementations of accessibility tools on university websites in terms of their location, form of presentation and ways that enable access to them. A study was conducted in which web interfaces were evaluated with the participation of users. The experiment consisted of two parts: the first one used the eye tracking technique, whereas in the second one, a survey was conducted. The research material was prototypes of websites from four different universities. Each website had two versions differing in implementation of accessibility tools. In the study, 35 participants were divided into two groups of people. Each group was shown one of the two sets of website prototypes and the users were tasked with finding and activating a specific accessibility tool. After exploring the websites, each participant completed a questionnaire that pertained to their opinions regarding aspects such as appearance, placement and a way to access tools dedicated to people with disabilities. The obtained data, processed to the form of heatmaps and fixation maps, were subjected to a qualitative analysis. The survey results and eye tracking data were analyzed quantitatively. On the basis of performed analyzes it can be concluded that the following factors have an impact on the reduction in efficiency and productivity of users: placement of accessibility tools on university websites in a place other than the upper right corner, an indirect access to these tools or their non-standard appearance.
Traversing the Waste Spectrum: Unveiling Pakistan's MSW Landscape and Solutions
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Laghari Mahmood , Abass Azhar , Siddique Mohammad , Yusuf Abdulghaffaar Assayyidi , Abubakar Abdulhalim Musa , Abdo Ahmed 
Published: December 2023

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management must be sustainable in order to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and address health, environmental, and disposal challenges caused by the vast amounts of trash generated. MSW management going wrong puts locals in danger. In Pakistan, the production of municipal solid trash is rising daily. Urban settlers and other organizations gather a lot of waste in various forms, usually defiling and making our surroundings uninviting. Due to the indiscriminate dumping of various wastes, the soil quality in the metropolitan area has decreased as a result of solid and liquefied waste disposal. Significant environmental concerns regarding soil and water pollution arise from transferring contaminated garbage and mixed fluid outside of waste disposal borders. The impacts of municipal garbage disposal on soil and water quality at open waste dumping sites were the main focus of this review. Using a soil and water quality index, in many regions of the world especially in regions where waste management practices are insufficient, the contamination of soil and water owing to incorrect municipal solid waste disposal is a serious environmental hazard. Open dumping, unregulated landfilling, and illegal dumping are examples of improper waste disposal practices that can result in pollution that affects the quality of the soil and water. They must also seek to identify sustainable waste management solutions. The effect of these emitted gaseous emissions has, however, been thoroughly researched. To safeguard the environment and public health, quick action must be made to control trace element pollution.
Negative Impoliteness Strategies Used by Customers of Muara Bungo Home Credit
Authors: J Rini Afrilesa , Magria Vera 
Published: December 2023

This research analyzes the negative impoliteness strategies used by customers of Muara Bungo Home Credit through WhatsApp text messages and how the strategies function in delivering the impoliteness between the customers and the employees of Home Credit. The purposes of this research are (1) to analyze the negative of impoliteness strategies used by customers of Muara Bungo Home Credit; (2) to analyze the functions of impoliteness strategies aimed by customers of Muara Bungo Home Credit. The analysis applied Culpeper’s (1996) theory on impoliteness strategy and Culpeper’s (2011) theory on impoliteness function. The research also applied descriptive qualitative method, with the customers’ WhatsApp text messages as the source of the data. The result of this research shows that, (1) there are negative impoliteness (6 data) which occurred in the research; (2) all 6 data of negative impoliteness strategies used by the customers had different functions, which are affective (3 data), and coercive (3 data).
Limited Independent Follow-Up with Germline Testing of Variants Detected in BRCA1 and BRCA2 by Tumor-Only Sequencing
Authors: Nowlen Carol J. , Daniels Molly , Uzunparmak Burak , Ileana Dumbrava Ecaterina E. , Yuan Ying , Patel Keyur P. , Rayes Nadine , Harkenrider Jacqueline , Wathoo Chetna , Veazie Jennifer , Luna Krystle A. , Wang Wanlin , Horombe Chacha , Javle Milind , Ahnert Jordi Rodon , Yap Timothy A. , Arun Banu , Lu Karen H. , Meric-Bernstam Funda 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Genomic profiling is performed in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer, in order to direct cancer treatment, often sequencing tumor-only, without a matched germline comparator. However, because many of the genes analyzed on tumor profiling overlap with those known to be associated with hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes (HCPS), tumor-only profiling can unknowingly uncover germline pathogenic (P) and likely pathogenic variants (LPV). In this study, we evaluated the number of patients with P/LPVs identified in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) via tumor-only profiling, then determined the germline testing outcomes for those patients.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients with BRCA1/2 variants on tumor-only genomic profiling, and whether they had germline testing.

Results
This study found that of 2923 patients with 36 tumor types who underwent tumor-only testing, 554 had a variant in BRCA1/2 (19.0%); 119 of the 554 patients (21.5%) had a P/LP BRCA1/2 variant, representing 4.1% of the overall population who underwent genomic profiling. Seventy-three (61.3%) of 119 patients with BRCA1/2 P/LPV on tumor-only testing did not undergo germline testing, 34 (28.6%) had already had germline testing before tumor-only testing, and 12 (10.1%) underwent germline testing after tumor-only testing. Twenty-eight germline BRCA1/2 P/LPVs were detected, 24 in those who had prior germline testing, and 4 among the 12 patients who had germline testing after tumor-only testing.

Conclusion
Tumor-only testing is likely to identify P/LPVs in BRCA1/2. Efforts to improve follow-up germline testing is needed to improve identification of germline BRCA1/2 alterations.
INVESTIGATING LEARNERS’ PERCEPTION OF ENGLISH ONLINE LEARNING IN BANYUWANGI SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: St. Shabibatul Rohmah  , Umi Resita Kusmawati  , Totok Hari Prasetiyo  , Mochamad Ardi Setyawan  , Mahfud  
Published: December 2023

This research aims to discover and describe some of the learners' perceptions of English online learning. This research’s approach or design is qualitative, carried out in two stages. All the eleventh grade high school participants were given an online questionnaire in the first stage. Then in the second stage, several participants were interviewed to clarify the research result. Based on the research result, students had several perceptions about English online learning. The first perception, students stated that the learning environment between English online learning and face to face learning is so different. They also added that the interaction in English online learning did not go well. The third perception, students said that the assignments given during English online learning were so many that they were less than optimal in doing assignments. Lastly, students revealed that when English online learning, they prefer to deliver material using videos and tend not to read the material. In brief, this research discover several students’ perception during their online learning, they are the differentiation of the learning environment, the interaction in English online learning didn’t go well, too many assignments given in online learning makes students less optimal, and students prefer to deliver material using videos.
Herbal treatment as an alternative to antibiotics for bovine mastitis in the system of obtaining environmentally safe milk
Authors: Ankita  , Raturi Shrishti , Tyagi Manjusha 
Published: December 2023

Antibiotics are knownas the first option for treating any disease. While, the difficultyin terms of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic residue as well as antibiotic impactmisapplicationon health of the public, results in numerous limitations on unregulated antibiotic treatmentworldwide within the dairy industry.Scientistslooked into new healing strategies that could be used to replace antibiotic use in mastitis disease treatment. Bovine mastitis causing a direct impact on food safety issues andthe farm’s profitability. This pathology’s treatments and preventionsarespecially performed using antimicrobials, However, this disease's pathogens' increasing antimicrobial resistance may have an impact on the customary drug’s effectiveness.Moreover, the environment andthe presence of antimicrobial residues in milk are a probabledangerin terms of human health. As a result, the utilizationof plant extracts could become a hopeful alternativefor bovine mastitis prevention.Antibacterial properties are included in numerous plants. Plants extracts are usually considered secure for animals, humans, and the environment. This analysis contains the common issues that came across in the customary Mastitis Treatment, includingthe potential uses of plant extracts as substitutes for the control of these pathogens, as well as the constraints of using these plant derivatives.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share (Tps) Terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Kelas VIII SMPN 3 VII Koto Sungai Sarik
Authors: Mutia Fifi , Suryani Mulya , Haryono Yulia 
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share (tps) terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas VIII SMPN 3 VII Koto Sungai Sarik Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitianControl-group posttest only, teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian ini secara random sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII.2 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 32 orang siswa dan kelas VIII.1 sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 30 orang siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen tes akhir berbentuk soal esai. Teknik analisis data dalam penenlitian ini menggunakan rubrik analitik skala 0-4. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil dari uji hipotesis untuk Â dk = 52 diperolehÂ sedangkan Â karenaÂ dapat dikatakan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas VIII SMPN 3 VII Koto Sungai Sarik Kabupaten Padang Pariaman yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional lebih baik dari pada siswa yang belajar menggunakan pembelajaran TPS.