bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Upper-Body Plyometric Training on Physical Fitness in Healthy Youth and Young Adult Participants: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Garcia-Carrillo Exal , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Thapa Rohit K. , Afonso José , Granacher Urs , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Upper-body plyometric training (UBPT) is a commonly used training method, yet its effects on physical fitness are inconsistent and there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the topic.

Objective
To examine the effects of UBPT on physical fitness in healthy youth and young adult participants compared to active, specific-active, and passive controls.

Methods
This systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and utilized the PICOS framework. PubMed, WOS, and SCOPUS were searched. Studies were assessed for eligibility using the PICOS framework. The effects of UBPT on upper-body physical fitness were assessed, including maximal strength, medicine ball throw performance, sport-specific throwing performance, and upper limb muscle volume. The risk of bias was evaluated using the PEDro scale. Means and standard deviations were used to calculate effect sizes, and the I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using the extended Egger's test. Certainty of evidence was rated using the GRADE scale. Additional analyses included sensitivity analyses and adverse effects.

Results
Thirty-five studies were included in the systematic review and 30 studies in meta-analyses, involving 1412 male and female participants from various sport-fitness backgrounds. Training duration ranged from 4 to 16 weeks. Compared to controls, UBPT improved maximal strength (small ES = 0.39 95% CI = 0.15–0.63, p = 0.002, I2 = 29.7%), medicine ball throw performance (moderate ES = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.43–0.85, p < 0.001, I2 = 46.3%), sport-specific throwing performance (small ES = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.25–0.86, p < 0.001, I2 = 36.8%), and upper limbs muscle volume (moderate ES = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.20–1.08, p = 0.005, I2 = 0.0%). The GRADE analyses provided low or very low certainty for the recommendation of UBPT for improving physical fitness in healthy participants. One study reported one participant with an injury due to UBPT. The other 34 included studies provided no report measure for adverse effects linked to UBPT.

Conclusions
UBPT interventions may enhance physical fitness in healthy youth and young adult individuals compared to control conditions. However, the certainty of evidence for these recommendations is low or very low. Further research is needed to establish the optimal dose of UBPT and to determine its effect on female participants and its transfer to other upper-body dominated sports.
Reconsolidation of traumatic memories protocol compared to trauma-focussed cognitive behaviour therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in UK military veterans: a randomised controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Sturt J. , Rogers R. , Armour C. , Cameron D. , De Rijk L. , Fiorentino F. , Forbes T. , Glen C. , Grealish A. , Kreft J. , Meye de Souza I. , Spikol E. , Tzouvara V. , Greenberg N. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs more commonly in military veterans than the general population. Whilst current therapies are effective, up to half of veterans commencing treatment do not complete it. Reconsolidation of Traumatic Memories (RTM) protocol is a novel, easy to train, talking therapy with promising findings. We examine the feasibility of undertaking an efficacy trial of RTM in veterans.

Methods
A parallel group, single-centre randomised controlled feasibility trial with a post-completion qualitative interview study. Sixty military veterans were randomised 2:1 to RTM (n = 35) or Trauma Focussed Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) (n = 25). We aimed to determine the rate of recruitment and retention, understand reasons for attrition, determine data quality and size of efficacy signal. We explored veterans’ perceptions of experiences of joining the trial, the research procedures and therapy, and design improvements for future veteran studies. Military veterans with a diagnosis of PTSD or complex PTSD, and clinically significant symptoms, were recruited between January 2020 and June 2021. Primary outcome was feasibility using pre-determined progression criteria alongside PTSD symptoms, with depression, recovery, and rehabilitation as secondary outcomes. Data were collected at baseline, 6, 12, and 20 weeks. Interviews (n = 15) were conducted after 20 weeks. Both therapies were delivered by trained charity sector provider therapists.

Results
Participants’ mean age was 53 years, the mean baseline PTSD symptoms score assessed by the Post-traumatic Stress Checklist (PCL-5) was 57 (range 0–80). Fifty had complex PTSD and 39 had experienced ≥ 4 traumas. Data were analysed at 20 weeks for feasibility outcomes (n = 60) and mental health outcomes (n = 45). Seven of eight progression criteria were met. The RTM group experienced a mean 18-point reduction on the PCL-5. TFCBT group participants experienced a mean reduction of eight points. Forty-eight percent of the RTM group no longer met diagnostic criteria for PTSD compared to 16% in the TFCBT group. All veterans reported largely positive experiences of the therapy and research procedures and ways to improve them.

Conclusion
RTM therapy remains a promising psychological intervention for the treatment of PTSD, including complex PTSD, in military veterans. With specific strengthening, the research protocol is fit for purpose in delivering an efficacy trial.

Trial registration
ISRCTN registration no 10314773 on 01.10.2019.
Full trial protocol: available on request or downloadable at ISRCTN reg. no. 10314773.
Effect of postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery on 5-year mortality
Authors: Yokoyama Chisaki , Yoshitnai Kenji , Ogata Soshiro , Fukushima Satsuki , Matsuda Hitoshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Postoperative delirium is a common complication after cardiovascular surgery. A meta-analysis revealed that postoperative delirium was associated with cognitive decline and dementia, which may affect long-term mortality. However, few studies have reported the association between postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery and long-term postoperative mortality. Therefore, we investigated the effect of postoperative delirium on 5-year survival rates of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass from January 2016 to December 2019. Postoperative delirium was defined as an Intensive Care Delirium Screening score ≥ 3, which might include subclinical delirium. Cox proportional hazards modeling was performed to assess the association between postoperative delirium and mortality. Postoperative mortality in patients with and without delirium was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.

Results
Postoperative delirium was observed in 562 (31.9%) of 1731 patients. There were more elderly patients, more emergent surgery procedures, longer operative time, and larger transfusion volume in the postoperative delirium group. Cox regression analyses showed that delirium (hazard ratio (HR), 1.501; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.053–2.140; p = 0.025) and emergent surgery (HR, 3.380; 95% CI, 2.231–5.122; p < 0.001) are significantly associated with 5-year mortality. Among patients who underwent elective surgery, postoperative delirium (HR, 1.987; 95% CI, 1.135–3.481; p = 0.016) is significantly associated with 5-year mortality. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with postoperative delirium had significantly higher 5-year mortality.

Conclusions
Patients with postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery have significantly higher 5-year mortality.
Climate change implications of electronic waste: strategies for sustainable management
Authors: Fawole Akeeb Adepoju , Orikpete Ochuko Felix , Ehiobu Nwakamma Ninduwezuor , Ewim Daniel Raphael Ejike 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This paper addresses the escalating global issue of electronic waste (e-waste), a consequence of the burgeoning demand for electronic products coupled with their transient lifespan. The rapid accumulation of e-waste is a significant concern, especially in the context of climate change, necessitating a detailed analysis of current management strategies and the development of sustainable management practices. The intricate relationship between e-waste and climate change is emphasized, illustrating how improper disposal and recycling practices substantially contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.

Main body of the abstract
A meticulous analysis is conducted to critique the prevailing e-waste management strategies, identifying their shortcomings and the urgent need for enhancement and globalization of these protocols. The paper argues for a fortified, universal approach to e-waste management to address the deficiencies in current methodologies. A set of strategic, sustainable solutions for e-waste management is proposed, encompassing comprehensive regulatory frameworks, advanced recycling technologies, the incorporation of eco-design principles, and the enhancement of consumer awareness. These solutions pivot around the circular economy concept, viewing waste as a valuable resource rather than a disposal predicament, thereby promoting sustainability.

Short conclusion
The paper concludes that a consolidated, global approach to e-waste management is imperative for addressing the proliferation of discarded electronics and is pivotal in the wider context of mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable development. It underscores the transformative potential of sustainable e-waste management, transforming a formidable challenge into an opportunity for environmental conservation, economic growth, and societal progress, emphasizing the importance of viewing e-waste management as a vehicle for sustainability.
Smith-Kingsmore syndrome with nystagmus as the initial symptom
Authors: Cai Meiling , Zhao Yanfei , Wang He , Liu Shicheng , Jiang Huiyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Smith-Kingsmore syndrome (SKS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by de novo mutations of gene MTOR in most cases and germline mosaicism in a few cases. The first case of SKS was reported in 2013. The incidence of SKS remains unknown. The clinical manifestations of SKS are diverse, and common features are macrocephaly, intellectual disability, and seizures. Some patients with SKS have special facial features.

Case presentation
The case was a 5-month-old baby girl, who was admitted to the hospital for nystagmus, delayed development for 2 months, and intermittent convulsions for 2 days. The patient had a head circumference of 42 cm (+ 2SD), and showed facial deformity, low limb muscle tension, large areas of pigmentation, as well as mosaic patchy and strip-like pigment loss in her trunk and limbs. Meanwhile, her development was lagging behind peers. Physical examination did not reveal other abnormalities. She was diagnosed with SKS based on whole-exome sequencing combined with clinical symptoms and signs. She successively received treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, topiramate, levetiracetam, and zonisamide to reduce the number of convulsions in a short time, but drug resistance appeared thereafter. After combined treatment with multiple antiseizure medications, the patient still had seizures, but the amplitude of limb movement during the seizures was reduced compared to that before treatment.

Conclusions
This case expanded the phenotypic spectrum of SKS for diagnosis. We also review the related literature to promote the awareness, diagnosis, clinical management, and follow-up of SKS patients with MTOR mutations.
Ablation targets of scar-related ventricular tachycardia identified by dynamic functional substrate mapping
Authors: Elewa Mohammad Gamal , Altoukhy Sherif , Badran Haitham Abdelfattah , El Damanhoury Hayam , Zarif John Kamel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Dynamic functional substrate mapping of scar-related ventricular tachycardia offers better identification of ablation targets with limited ablation lesions. Several functional substrate mapping approaches have been proposed, including decrement-evoked potential (DEEP) mapping. The aim of our study was to compare the short- and long-term efficacy of a DEEP-guided versus a fixed-substrate-guided strategy for the ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT).

Results
Forty consecutive patients presenting for ablation of scar-related VT were randomized to either DEEP-guided or substrate-guided ablation. Late potentials were tagged and ablated in the non-DEEP group, while those in the DEEP group were subjected to RV extrastimulation after a drive train. Only potentials showing significant delay were ablated. Patients were followed for a median duration of 12 months. Twenty patients were allocated to the DEEP group, while the other 20 were allocated to the non-DEEP group. Twelve patients (60%) in the DEEP group had ischemic cardiomyopathy versus 10 patients (50%) in the non-DEEP group (P-value 0.525). Intraoperatively, the median percentage of points with LPs was 19% in the DEEP group and 20.6% in the non-DEEP group. The procedural time was longer in the DEEP group, approaching but missing statistical significance (P-value 0.059). VT non-inducibility was successfully accomplished in 16 patients (80%) in the DEEP group versus 17 patients (85%) in the non-DEEP group (P value 0.597). After a median follow-up duration of 12 months, the VT recurrence rate was 65% in both groups (P value 0.311), with a dropout rate of 10% in the DEEP group. As for the secondary endpoints, all-cause mortality rates were 20% and 25% in the DEEP and non-DEEP groups, respectively (P-value 0.342).

Conclusions
DEEP-assisted ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia is a feasible strategy with comparable short- and long-term outcomes to a fixed-substrate-based strategy with more specific ablation targets, albeit relatively longer but non-significant procedural times and higher procedural deaths. The imbalance between the study groups in terms of epicardial versus endocardial mapping, although non-significant, warrants the prudent interpretation of our results. Further large-scale randomized trials are recommended. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov, registration number: NCT05086510, registered on 28th September 2021, record https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05086510
Excellence in forensic psychiatry services: international survey of qualities and correlates
Authors: McLaughlin Patrick , Brady Philip , Carabellese Felice , Carabellese Fulvio , Parente Lia , Uhrskov Sorensen Lisbeth , Jeandarme Ingeborg , Habets Petra , Simpson Alexander I. F. , Davoren Mary , Kennedy Harry G. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Excellence is that quality that drives continuously improving outcomes for patients. Excellence must be measurable. We set out to measure excellence in forensic mental health services according to four levels of organisation and complexity (basic, standard, progressive and excellent) across seven domains: values and rights; clinical organisation; consistency; timescale; specialisation; routine outcome measures; research and development.

Aims
To validate the psychometric properties of a measurement scale to test which objective features of forensic services might relate to excellence: for example, university linkages, service size and integrated patient pathways across levels of therapeutic security.

Method
A survey instrument was devised by a modified Delphi process. Forensic leads, either clinical or academic, in 48 forensic services across 5 jurisdictions completed the questionnaire.

Results
Regression analysis found that the number of security levels, linked patient pathways, number of in-patient teams and joint university appointments predicted total excellence score.

Conclusions
Larger services organised according to stratified therapeutic security and with strong university and research links scored higher on this measure of excellence. A weakness is that these were self-ratings. Reliability could be improved with peer review and with objective measures such as quality and quantity of research output. For the future, studies are needed of the determinants of other objective measures of better outcomes for patients, including shorter lengths of stay, reduced recidivism and readmission, and improved physical and mental health and quality of life.
Stenting for Venous Sinus Stenosis in Patients With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature
Authors: Lim Jaims , Monteiro Andre , Kuo Cathleen C. , Jacoby Wady T. , Cappuzzo Justin M. , Becker Alexander B. , Davies Jason M. , Snyder Kenneth V. , Levy Elad I. , Siddiqui Adnan H. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Although venous sinus stenting (VSS) improves cerebrospinal fluid reabsorption and decreases intracranial pressure in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), the underlying pathophysiology of IIH is not well understood. We present a review and meta-analysis of the literature on VSS for IIH treatment, focusing on the rates of restenosis and symptom recurrence.

METHODS:
We performed a systematic review of PubMed and Embase databases between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2021. Articles including ≥5 patients with IIH and venous sinus stenosis treated with VSS and post-treatment rates of restenosis (de novo stenosis at a different anatomic location along the dural sinuses or restenosis within or adjacent to the stent) were selected. Demographic, procedural, and outcomes data were collected and analyzed. Mean values for variables collected were pooled, and a mean value was calculated with a 95% CI.

RESULTS:
Twenty-four articles were included, comprising 694 patients and 781 VSS cases. The mean age was 33.9 (CI, 31.5-36.2) years. The mean body mass index was 35.3 (CI, 32.9-37.7) kg/m2. Before VSS, 98.8% (CI, 96.8%-100.0%) of patients experienced headaches, 87.7% (CI, 80.6%-95.5%) had visual acuity issues, 78.7% (CI, 69.9%-88.5%) had papilledema, 58.3% (CI, 46.0%-73.9%) had tinnitus, and 98.8% (96.4%-100.0%) had symptoms refractory to previous therapies. After VSS, 77.7% (CI, 71.1%-84.95%) experienced symptom improvement and 22.3% (CI, 15.1%-29.0%) had persistent or worsened symptoms. Pooled restenosis rate was 17.7% (CI, 14.9%-20.9%).

CONCLUSION:
VSS is effective in alleviating IIH signs and symptoms, but the associated high rates of restenosis and persistent symptoms highlight the need for further investigation of this procedure and other adjunctive treatments for IIH.
Minimally Invasive Approaches for Lumbosacral Plexus Schwannomas
Authors: Landriel Federico , Padilla Lichtenberger Fernando , Guiroy Alfredo , Soto Manuel , Molina Camilo , Hem Santiago 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Lumbosacral plexus schwannomas (LSPSs) are benign, slow-growing tumors that arise from the myelin sheath of the lumbar or sacral plexus nerves. Surgery is the treatment of choice for symptomatic LSPSs. Conventional retroperitoneal or transabdominal approaches provide wide exposure of the lesion but are often associated with complications in the abdominal wall, lumbar or sacral plexus, ureter, and intraperitoneal organs. Advances in technology and minimally invasive (MIS) techniques have provided alternative approaches with reliable efficacy compared with traditional open surgery. We describe 3 MIS approaches using tubular retractor systems according to the lesion level.

METHODS:
This was a multicenter, retrospective observational cohort study to evaluate the use of MIS tubular approaches for surgical resection of LSPSs. We included 23 lumbar and upper sacral plexus schwannomas. Clinical presentation, spinal level, surgical duration, degree of resection, days of hospitalization, pathological anatomy of the tumor, approach-related surgical difficulties, and outcomes were collected.

RESULTS:
The posterior oblique approach was used in 43.5% of the cases, the transpsoas approach in 39.1%, and the transiliac in 17.4%. The mean operative time was 3.3 hours, and the mean hospitalization was 2.5 days. All tumors were WHO grade 1 schwannoma. Postoperative MRI confirms gross total resection in 91.3% of the patients. No patient requires instrumentation. The pros and cons of each approach were summarized.

CONCLUSION:
The MIS approaches adapted to the lumbar level may improve surgeons' comfort allowing a safe resection of retroperitoneal LSPS.
Feature extraction algorithm of anti-jamming cyclic frequency of electronic communication signal
Authors: Yang Xuemei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Anti-jamming cyclic frequency feature extraction is an important link in identifying communication interference signals, which is of great significance for eliminating electronic communication interference factors and improving the security of electronic communication environment. However, when the traditional feature extraction technology faces a large number of data samples, the processing capacity is low, and it cannot solve the multi-classification problems. For this type of problem, a method of electronic communication signal anti-jamming cyclic frequency feature extraction based on particle swarm optimization-support vector machines (PSO-SVM) algorithm is proposed. First, the SVM signal feature extraction model is proposed, and then the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used. Optimize the kernel function parameter settings of SVM to raise the classifying quality of the SVM model. Finally, the function of the PSO-SVM signal feature extraction model is tested. The results verify that the PSO-SVM model begins to converge after 60 iterations, and the loss value remains at about 0.2, which is 0.2 lower than that of the SVM technique. The exactitude of signal feature extraction is 90.4%, and the recognition effect of binary phase shift keying signal is the best. The complete rate of signal feature extraction is 85%. This shows that the PSO-SVM model enhances the sensitivity of the anti-jamming cyclic frequency feature, improves the accuracy of the anti-jamming cyclic frequency feature recognition, reduces the running process, reduces the time cost, and greatly increases the performance of the SVM method. The good model performance also improves the application value of the method in the field of electronic communication.