bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of six nonpharmacological interventions on global cognition in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Suk Jiwoo , Kim Gahye , Kim Jaeuk U. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The global population is experiencing rapid aging. To maintain current cognitive function and access greater cognitive reserves, nonpharmacological interventions could serve as a viable alternative for older adults with or without cognitive impairment. However, there is a lack of research comparing the efficacy of existing interventions in improving global cognition in older adults.
Objective: This study aimed to compare different nonpharmacological interventions for enhancing global cognition, including mind-body exercise, noninvasive brain stimulation, cognitive training intervention, acutherapy, meditation, and music therapy, by applying a network meta-analysis.
Methods: Fifty-eight randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of interventions on global cognition in older adults with or without mild cognitive decline were selected. A network meta-analysis was conducted to provide the comparative efficacy of different nonpharmacological interventions. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to estimate data quality, and the therapeutic mechanisms of each intervention were reviewed.
Results: The network meta-analysis revealed that mind-body exercise with the standardized mean difference of 0.764 (95% CI, 0.448–1.080), ACU intervention with 0.667 (95% CI, 0.256-1.078), meditation with 0.643 (95% CI, 0.234-1.052), non-invasive brain stimulation with 0.566 (95% CI, 0.040; 1.091), cognitive training intervention (CTI) with 0.591 (95% CI, 0.323-0.858), and physical exercise with 0.552 (95% CI, 0.165-0.940) showed positive effects compared to passive controls. Moreover, the mind-body exercise (P score = 0.8162) had the more significant effect than other interventions for improving global cognition. However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the other interventions.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that nonpharmacological interventions, especially mind-body exercises, may be a potential strategy for enhancing and maintaining global cognition in the older population, although additional studies are needed to clarify the impact of other variables, including intervention methods or psychological variables.
Other: This NMA conducted as per registered protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42023401854).
Seasonal changes in cell size of the dominant diatom species in the waters of Lake Biwa (Japan)
Authors: Deb Soumya , Weilhoefer Christine , Keitaro Fukushima , Yukiko Goda , Tetsuji Akatsuka , Nakano Shin ichi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

We examined the seasonal changes in cell size and abundance of the dominant diatoms, Aulacoseira granulata, Aulacoseira ambigua f. japonica, and Fragilaria crotonensis, together with environmental variables, in the northern basin of Lake Biwa. The cell size of the diatoms decreased gradually with the increase in cell abundance, indicating that the population underwent vegetative reproduction followed by sexual reproduction. The observation revealed two diatom blooms in a year. The autumn bloom from early October to late November was primarily dominated by A. granulata, A. ambigua f. japonica, and F. crotonensis. The minimum cell size of the diatoms recorded was 30, 20, and 75 µm, respectively. F. crotonensis caused another bloom from late March to early May; the minimum cell size recorded was 68 µm. These results suggested that F. crotonensis undergoes sexual reproduction twice a year, while the other two diatom species undergo sexual reproduction once a year. Correlation matrices and redundancy analysis were performed to explore the relationship of various environmental factors to cell size reduction and restoration of the seasonally dominant diatoms, and it is suggested that water temperature and/or concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen are critical environmental variables for seasonal changes in cell abundance and/or size of the dominant diatom species. Our results demonstrated that each diatom species had distinct favorable ecological conditions for staging its life cycle.
Ecological compensation based on the ecosystem services value: A case study of the Xin'an River Basin in China
Authors: Yuanhua Chen , Qinglian Wu , Liang Guo , Huazhe Wang , Wanqian Guo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To establish a sound ecological compensation (EC) mechanism in the Xin'an River Basin, this study suggested utilizing ecosystem services valuation to determine the compensation amount. In this study, a reasonable watershed EC model was established by ecological compensation demand intensity coefficient (ECDIC) and value spillover theory (VST) of the ecosystem services. The results indicate that ecosystem services in the Xin'an River Basin can be classified into three categories: supply service, regulating service, and cultural service, comprising 14 specific functions. These functions include water resource products, fishery products, agricultural products, forestry products, animal husbandry products, water conservation, soil conservation, flood regulation and storage, water purification, air purification, fixed carbon dioxide, release oxygen, climate regulation, and leisure tourism. The total ecosystem services value (ESV) in the Xin'an River Basin was estimated to be 70.271 billion CNY, with supply service accounting for 22.7%, regulating service accounting for 24.6%, and cultural service accounting for 52.7%. Based on the VST, the upper and lower limits of EC in the Xin'an River Basin were calculated to be 2.115 billion CNY and 1.777 billion CNY, respectively. Therefore, the ESV based EC model for the Xin'an River Basin can effectively address the challenge of inadequate EC in the watershed. It also facilitates balanced regional development and serves as a theoretical foundation and empirical evidence for the government to establish a unified national policy on cross-border river basin ecological compensation.
Growth dynamics of Indian infants using latent trajectory models in pooled survey datasets
Authors: Saji Aswathi , Baby Jeswin , Antony Prem , Sinha Srishti , Bandyopadhyay Sulagna , Jose Joby K , Kurpad Anura V , Thomas Tinku 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: National survey data show that growth faltering starts early in Indian children, and the early detection of growth trajectories is important for the prevention of later growth faltering. We aimed to identify and characterize distinct growth trajectories in the first year, in urban and rural Indian children.
Methods: Pooled data from 5 interventional and non-interventional longitudinal studies across India were used for the analysis. Latent class mixed modeling (LCMM) was used to identify the groups of children with similar trajectories over age. Classes of children were created for length-for-age (LAZ) and weight-for-age (WAZ), based on place of birth, residential area, and maternal education.
Results: We identified 2 and 3 latent trajectories for LAZ in boys and girls respectively, and 4 trajectories for WAZ in both boys and girls. The first trajectory for LAZ with the highest proportion of children (>80% of children), did not decline or increase with age; the boys trajectory was close to the WHO median while the girls trajectory was lower than the WHO median from birth. The LAZ trajectories of remaining boys and girls declined with age (slope, μdg=-1.04; 95% CI: -1.09, -0.99 for boys and μdg=-0.69; 95% CI: -0.76,-0.63 for girls). The first trajectory for WAZ (~50% of children) increased with age for boys (μdg=0.13; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.16) and girls (μdg=-0.64 (-1.14, -0.13), while in the remaining trajectories, WAZ declined with age.
Conclusion: Distinct growth trajectories are present in Indian children in the first year. Identification of a faltering trajectory and associated modifiable factors can help with early preventive or corrective interventions.
The increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in total cholesterol is correlated with osteopenia in middle-aged and older adults
Authors: Zhao Dian Chen , Pan Bin , Mo Song-yi , Li Jia-hui , Wei Jin-ting , Zhang Xin , Jing Ma Shi , Liao Su Chan , Huang Ling Ling , Fang Xiao Yan , Zhong Bin , Li Biao , Wang Jin Hua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To study the correlation between the proportion of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in total cholesterol and osteopenia in middle-aged and older adults.
Methods
From July 2016 to November 2016, 711 middle-aged and older adults aged 40–90 years in Southwest China were selected by random cluster sampling. The bone mineral density (BMD) of subjects was measured from the calcaneus by using an ultrasound bone densitometer (OSTEOSPACE), and the T value was calculated. According to the diagnostic criteria for osteopenia and the inclusion and exclusion criteria formulated by the WTO, 254 subjects with normal bone mass and 111 subjects with reduced bone mass were obtained. The serum of these subjects was collected, and the levels of LDL-C and TC and the ratio of LDL-C/TC in the serum were determined by the enzymatic method. The values of T, LDL-C, and TC levels and the LDL-C/TC ratio of 16,465 people from 2013 to 2018 were obtained from the NCHS NHANES database (National Center for Health Statistics). The rank sum test was used to analyze the differences in various indexes in different groups of samples, and linear regression and binary logistic regression analysis were used to explore the correlation between osteopenia and LDL-C and TC levels and the LDL-C/TC ratio.
Results
Compared to the normal group, the levels of LDL-C and TC and the LDL-C/TC ratio in the osteopenia group were higher (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI as related factors, serum LDL-C (OR = 1.452, P < 0.01), TC (OR = 1.264, P < 0.01) and LDL-C/TC (OR = 21.161, P < 0.05) were risk factors for osteopenia in middle-aged and older adults. LDL-C and TC levels in osteopenia groups of all ages were relatively high (Fig. 2). According to the verification of the database, after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI as related factors, LDL-C (OR = 1.353, P < 0.001), TC (P < 0.001, OR = 1.293), LDL-C/TC (OR = 13.743, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
The high proportion of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in total cholesterol is correlated with osteopenia in middle-aged and older adults.
Association between host defense peptide IDR-1002 and ciprofloxacin: effects on human dental pulp cells
Authors: Martins Danilo César Mota , Sousa Maurício Gonçalves da Costa Sousa , Silva Poliana Amanda Oliveira Silva , Aguiar Lana Ribeiro Aguiar , Andrade Rosângela Vieira de Andrade , Silva-Carvalho Amandda Évellin Silva-Carvalho , Saldanha-Araújo Felipe Saldanha-Araújo , Franco Octávio Luiz Franco , Rezende Taia Maria Berto Rezende 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aim: to evaluate the effects of the association of host defense peptide IDR-1002 and ciprofloxacin on human dental pulp cells (hDPSCs).
Materials and methods: hDPSCs were stimulated in culture with ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002. Cell viability (by MTT assay), migration capacity (by scratch assay), production of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators by hDPSCs (by RT-PCR) and osteogenic differentiation (after alizarin red staining) were evaluated. Statistical differences were verified by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-tests.
Results: phenotypic profile of hDPSCs demonstrated more than 97% for positive marked mesenchymal stem cell. Increased pulp cells migration and proliferation were observed after 24 and 48h of exposure to IDR-1002 with and without ciprofloxacin. Mineral matrix formation by hDPSCs was observed in the presence of the association while its reduction was observed in the presence of peptide. After 24h of cell incubation, the association between ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002 significantly downregulated TNFRSF-1, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, and IL-10 gene expression (p ≤0.0001).
Conclusions: The association between the IDR-1002 and ciprofloxacin showed favorable immunomodulatory potential, emerging as a promising option for pulp revascularization processes.
Clinical relevance: These results appear in addition to previous results, increasing the potential of this synergistic association for biotechnological applications in the context of pulp revascularization.
Poor sleep behaviors and high genetic susceptibility increase the risk of osteoarthritis
Authors: Yang Yi-Qun , Yu Xing-Hao , Fu Ting , Bo Lin , Lei Shu-Feng , Deng Fei-Yan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Emerging research evidence suggests an association between sleep behaviors and the risk of osteoarthritis. The various sleep behaviors are typically correlated; however, most previous studies have focused on a particular sleep behavior without considering the overall sleep pattern. Combining conventional evidence from UK Biobank longitudinal data and genetic evidence from Mendelian randomization methods to infer causality between sleep behaviors and osteoarthritis (OA) at different sites.
Method
First, we conducted an assessment of the association between various sleep behaviors and different OA sites based on the comprehensive prospective cohort study of the UK Biobank. Furthermore, we constructed individual sleep risk scores (ISRS) to evaluate their effect on OA when combined. Second, we utilized MR to provide genetic evidence for the causal linkage between sleep behavior and OA. Finally, we calculated a genetic risk score (GRS) for OA based on a large-scale genome-wide association study and assessed the joint effect of sleep and genetic factors on the risk of OA.
Results
We found a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and the risk of OA (Pnonlinear < 0.001), with the lowest risk for sleep duration of 7–8 hours per day. Participants with often and sometimes insomnia had a 46.9% and 16.4% increased risk of OA (HR Sometimes = 1.164, 95% CI = 1.132∼1.197, PSometimes = 3.44×10− 26; HR Usually =1.469, 95% CI = 1.426∼1.514, PUsually =3.82×10− 142), respectively, while MR analysis also provided consistent evidence. Similar results were observed in participants who were daytime dozing, but no association between daytime dozing and risk of OA was shown in the MR analysis. In observational studies, snoring and difficulty getting up are associated with an increased risk of OA. We further constructed ISRS with potential risk sleep factors. We found that the risk of OA was positively associated with ISRS; furthermore, if all participants maintained healthy sleep behavior, 21.3% of OA cases could be removed.
Conclusion
Unhealthy sleep behaviors, individually or in combination, could increase the risk of OA, while poor sleep behaviors and genetic factors can collaboratively increase the risk of OA.
CircHIPK3/miR-124 affects angiogenesis in early-onset preeclampsia via CPT1A-mediated fatty acid oxidation.
Authors: Wu Yanying , Huang Jingrui , Liu Lijuan , Zhang Xiaowen , Zhang Weishe , Li Qi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Multiple theories have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis of early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE), and angiogenic dysfunction is an important part of the pathogenesis. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT1A) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic process of fatty acid oxidation (FAO). FAO regulates endothelial cell (EC) proliferation during vascular germination and is also essential for ab initio deoxyribonucleotide synthesis, but its role in EOPE needs to be further elucidated. In the present study, we investigated its functional role in EOPE by targeting the circHIPK3/miR-124-3p/CPT1A axis. In our study, reduced expression of circHIPK3 and CPT1A and increased expression of miR-124-3p in placental tissues from patients with EOPE were associated with EC dysfunction. Here, we confirmed that CPT1A regulates fatty acid oxidative activity, cell proliferation, and tube formation of ECs by regulating FAO. Functionally, knockdown of circHIPK3 suppressed EC angiogenesis by inhibiting CPT1A-mediated fatty acid oxidative activity, which was ameliorated by CPT1A overexpression. In addition, circHIPK3 regulates CPT1A expression by sponging miR-124-3p. Hence, circHIPK3 knockdown reduced the fatty acid oxidative process in ECs by sponging miR-124-3p in a CPT1A-dependent manner and inhibited EC proliferation and tube formation, which may have led to aberrant angiogenesis in EOPE. Thus, strategies targeting CPT1A-driven FAO may be a promising approach for the treatment of EOPE.
Anomalous trends in global ocean carbon concentrations following the 2022 eruptions of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai
Authors: Franz Bryan , Cetinić Ivona , Ibrahim Amir , Sayer Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

We report on observed trend anomalies in climate-relevant global ocean biogeochemical properties, as derived from satellite ocean color measurements, that show a substantial decline in phytoplankton carbon concentrations following eruptions of the submarine volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai in January 2022. The anomalies are seen in remotely-sensed ocean color data sets from multiple satellite missions, but not in situ observations, thus suggesting that the observed anomalies are a result of ocean color retrieval errors rather than indicators of a major shift in phytoplankton carbon concentrations. The enhanced concentration of aerosols in the stratosphere following the eruptions results in a violation of some fundamental assumptions in the processing algorithms used to obtain marine biogeochemical properties from satellite radiometric observations, and it is demonstrated through radiative transfer simulations that this is the likely cause of the anomalous trends. We note that any future stratospheric aerosol disturbances, either natural or geoengineered, may lead to similar artifacts in satellite ocean color and other remote-sensing measurements of the marine environment, thus confounding our ability to track the impact of such events on ocean ecosystems.
Bayesian optimization of separation gradients to maximize the performance of untargeted LC-MS
Authors: Huan Tao , Yu Huaxu , Biswas Puja , Rideout Elizabeth , Cao Yankai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Liquid chromatography (LC) with gradient elution is a routine practice for separating complex chemical mixtures in mass spectrometry (MS)-based untargeted analysis. Despite its prevalence, systematic optimization of LC gradients has remained challenging. Here we develop a Bayesian optimization method, BAGO, for autonomous and efficient LC gradient optimization. BAGO is an active learning strategy that discovers the optimal gradient using limited experimental data. From over 100,000 plausible gradients, BAGO locates the optimal LC gradient within ten sample analyses. We validated BAGO on six biological studies of different sample matrices and LC columns, showing that BAGO can significantly improve quantitative performance, tandem MS spectral coverage, and spectral purity. For instance, the optimized gradient increases the count of annotated compounds meeting quantification criteria by up to 48.5%. Furthermore, applying BAGO in a Drosophila metabolomics study, an additional 57 metabolites and 126 lipids were annotated. The BAGO algorithms were implemented into user-friendly software for everyday laboratory practice and a Python package for its flexible extension.
Nephrotic syndrome with acute kidney injury due to combination therapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Saiki Ryosuke , Katayama Kan , Saiki Haruko , Fukumori Ayumi , Tsujimoto Kayo , Yamawaki Masahiro , Tanaka Fumika , Takahashi Daisuke , Oda Keiko , Suzuki Yasuo , Murata Tomohiro , Dohi Kaoru 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Recent studies have focused on immune checkpoint inhibitors. Renal complications associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors are uncommon compared with other immune-related adverse events. Acute interstitial nephritis accounts for most of these renal complications, with nephrotic syndrome quite rare. We herein report a case of nephrotic syndrome associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors that was more severe than that in previous cases. By comparing this case with previous reports, the possible reasons for the particular severity of this case are discussed.Case presentation A 75-year-old man developed nephrotic syndrome with acute kidney injury after the first combination therapy of nivolumab and ipilimumab for malignant pleural mesothelioma. The results of a kidney biopsy indicated minimal change disease with mild atherosclerosis and fusion of nearly all podocyte foot processes. Nivolumab and ipilimumab therapy were stopped, and treatment with corticosteroids was initiated. We investigated previously reported cases of nephrotic syndrome using immune checkpoint inhibitors. Seventeen cases of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related nephrotic syndrome, including ours, have been reported. Two of the 17 patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related nephrotic syndrome required hemodialysis treatment for acute kidney injury. Unlike many previously reported cases, the present patient was administered two different immune checkpoint inhibitors, which may be one of the reasons for the development of severe nephrotic syndrome.Conclusions In addition to previously reported risk factors, immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy can exacerbate nephrotic syndrome compared to immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy.
First high peak and average power THz SASE FEL in operation
Authors: Krasilnikov Mikhail , Aboulbanine Zakaria , Adhikari Gowri , Aftab Namra , Asoyan Aida , Boonpornprasert Prach , Davtyan Hakob , Georgiev Georgi , Good James , Grebinyk Anna , Gross Matthias , Hoffmann Andreas , Kongmon Ekkachai , Li Xiangkun , Lueangaramwong Anusorn , Melkumyan David , Mohanty Sandeep , Niemczyk Raffael , Oppelt Anne , Tischer Markus , Qian Houjun , Richard Christopher , Schneidmiller Evgeny , Stephan Frank , Pavel Vagin , Vashchenko Grygorii , Weilbach Tobias , Yurkov Mikhail , Wolfgang Hillert , Rossbach Jörg , Brachmann Axel , Holtkamp Norbert , Nuhn Heinz-Dieter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Advanced experiments using THz pump and X-ray probe pulses at modern free-electron lasers (FELs) like the European X-ray FEL require a frequency-tunable (from 0.1 THz to 30 THz), high-power (> 10 microjoule), narrow-band (~ 1–2%) THz source maintaining the repetition rate and pulse structure of the X-ray pulses. This paper reports the first results from a THz source, that is based on a self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) FEL operating with a central wavelength of 100 micrometers. The THz SASE FEL prototype is currently under development at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) and uses the same type of electron source as the European XFEL photo injector. The first proof-of-principle experiments were done at PITZ using an LCLS-I undulator to generate high-power, high-repetition-rate THz SASE FEL radiation. Electron bunches with a beam energy of ~ 17 MeV and a bunch charge of up to several nC are used to generate THz pulses with a pulse energy of several tens of microjoules. For example, for an electron beam with a charge of ~ 2.4 nC, 65 microjoules were measured at a central wavelength of 100 micrometers. These proof-of-principle experiments pave the way for a tunable, high-repetition-rate THz source providing pulses with energies in the millijoule range.