bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Parity and Previous Birth Outcome With Brachial Plexus Birth Injury Risk
Authors: Manske M. Claire , Wilson Machelle D. , Wise Barton L. , James Michelle A. , Melnikow Joy , Hedriana Herman L. , Tancredi Daniel J. 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the association of maternal delivery history with a brachial plexus birth injury risk in subsequent deliveries and to estimate the effect of subsequent delivery method on brachial plexus birth injury risk.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all live-birth deliveries occurring in California-licensed hospitals from 1996 to 2012. The primary outcome was recurrent brachial plexus birth injury in a subsequent pregnancy. The exposure was delivery history (parity, shoulder dystocia in a previous delivery, or previously delivering a neonate with brachial plexus birth injury). Multiple logistic regression was used to model adjusted associations of delivery history with brachial plexus birth injury in a subsequent pregnancy. The adjusted risk and adjusted risk difference for brachial plexus birth injury between vaginal and cesarean deliveries in subsequent pregnancies were determined, stratified by delivery history, and the number of cesarean deliveries needed to prevent one brachial plexus birth injury was determined.

RESULTS:
Of 6,286,324 neonates delivered by 4,104,825 individuals, 7,762 (0.12%) were diagnosed with a brachial plexus birth injury. Higher parity was associated with a 5.7% decrease in brachial plexus birth injury risk with each subsequent delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.94, 95% CI 0.92–0.97). Shoulder dystocia or brachial plexus birth injury in a previous delivery was associated with fivefold (0.58% vs 0.11%, aOR 5.39, 95% CI 4.10–7.08) and 17-fold (1.58% vs 0.11%, aOR 17.22, 95% CI 13.31–22.27) increases in brachial plexus birth injury risk, respectively. Among individuals with a history of delivering a neonate with a brachial plexus birth injury, cesarean delivery was associated with a 73.0% decrease in brachial plexus birth injury risk (0.60% vs 2.21%, aOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.13–0.55) compared with an 87.9% decrease in brachial plexus birth injury risk (0.02% vs 0.15%, aOR 0.12, 95% CI 0.10–0.15) in individuals without this history. Among individuals with a history of brachial plexus birth injury, 48.1 cesarean deliveries are needed to prevent one brachial plexus birth injury.

CONCLUSIONS:
Parity, previous shoulder dystocia, and previously delivering a neonate with brachial plexus birth injury are associated with future brachial plexus birth injury risk. These factors are identifiable prenatally and can inform discussions with pregnant individuals regarding brachial plexus birth injury risk and planned mode of delivery.
Association of blood pressure and heart rate with carotid markers of vascular remodeling in the young: a case for early prevention
Authors: Büschges Julia C. , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno , Neuhauser Hannelore 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
The association of childhood blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) with intermediate markers of cardiovascular disease several decades later has been shown, but studies on more short-term outcomes are scarce. Using population-based data, this study investigates the association of four BP parameters and HR in childhood with three carotid markers for vascular remodeling one decade later.

Methods:
At the 11-year follow–up, 4607 participants of the nationwide KiGGS cohort aged 14 to 28 years had semi-automated sonographic carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) measurements. We investigated associations of baseline (age 3–17 years) and follow-up SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP) and resting heart rate (RHR), with CIMT and lumen diameter at or above the 90th percentile and distensibility coefficient at or below the tenth percentile in logistic regressions. Analyses were further adjusted using a composite cardiovascular risk (CVR) score of BMI, triglycerides, total/HDL-cholesterol-ratio and HbA1c.

Results:
SBP, DBP, MAP and RHR were significantly and similarly associated with all carotid measures 11 years later, for example an odds ratio (OR) of 1.17 [confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.29] for one standard deviation SBP increase with elevated CIMT when adjusting for sex, age and CVR score. Cross–sectionally, the strongest association was found for MAP with reduced distensibility coefficient (OR 1.76; CI 1.59–1.94).

Conclusion:
This population-based cohort study shows robust and consistent associations between childhood BP and RHR and three carotid measures of vascular remodeling only one decade later, clearly underscoring the potential importance of preventing high BP already early in the life course.
Pleural effusion due to lymphangiomatosis and the role of sirolimus: A case report
Authors: Riazuddin Muhammad , Farouk Noha I. , Ali Saad S. , Butt Muhammad I. , Arabi Tarek Z. , Sabbah Belal N. , Ali Maha S. , Alkattan Khaled 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Lymphangiomatosis is a rare abnormal proliferation of lymphatic vessels involving multiple organs like the brain, lung, heart, spleen, liver, and bones. Lymphangiomas constitute 5.6% of all benign tumors in infancy and adulthood.

Case presentation:
We report a case of a young lady who presented with constitutional symptoms and progressive dyspnea. Her medical history is significant for muco-cutaneous albinism, diffuse hemangiomas of the bone and viscera, and consumptive coagulopathy status post-splenectomy. After initial investigations, she was found to have right-sided pleural effusion. Pleural fluid analysis indicated chylothorax. She had multiple drainages of the pleural fluid done, and afterward, ligation of the right thoracic duct was performed with a trial of sirolimus, which improved her chylothorax.

Clinical discussion:
Several case reports have reported positive outcomes with sirolimus in the treatment of lymphangiomatosis. However, larger controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Conclusion:
Sirolimus is promising as a medical treatment for diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis.
Clinicopathologic Analysis and Molecular Profiling of Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumors
Authors: Mendoza Rachelle P. , Wang Peng , Smith Heather L. , Fitzpatrick Carrie A. , Haridas Rishikesh , Wanjari Pankhuri , Briese Renee , Shahid Anum , McCluggage W. Glenn , Bennett Jennifer A. 
Published: October 2023

Ovarian steroid and Leydig cell tumors (SCT and LCT, respectively) are rare stromal tumors, with aggressive behavior described in approximately one third of SCTs. Previously reported features potentially predictive of malignancy include size ≥7 cm, gross hemorrhage, necrosis, grade 2 or 3 nuclear atypia, and mitoses ≥2/10 HPFs; however, no subsequent studies have corroborated these findings. Herein, we evaluated a series of 25 tumors (21 SCT, 4 LCT) to explore their clinicopathologic and molecular features. Patients ranged from 16 to 79 years (median: 53 y) and all tumors were FIGO stage I. Recurrences occurred in 3 patients, all of whom died from disease. At least 1 atypical feature was identified in 63% of SCT/LCT and included hemorrhage (n=9), grade 2 or 3 atypia (n=7), mitoses≥2/10 HPFs (n=7), size≥7.0 cm (n=6), and necrosis (n=2); only malignant SCTs demonstrated 4 or 5 atypical features. Next-generation sequencing revealed malignant SCTs were genomically unstable, with uncommon and nonrecurring gene-level alterations (MDM2/CDK4 coamplification, ATRX rearrangement, BAP1 mutation). One SCT with limited follow-up harbored FH and TP53 mutations and occasional arm-level copy number alterations, while all other sequenced tumors (n=7) were genomically stable; 1 had a CTNNB1 mutation and another a CASP10 mutation. In summary, the presence of at least 1 atypical feature is common in SCT/LCT, but most patients demonstrate a benign clinical course. Genomic alterations are infrequent but occur in malignant SCTs as well as a subset of benign SCTs. Molecular analysis of additional malignant SCTs is necessary to identify recurring and/or potentially actionable targets.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Genetic Classification
Authors: Lominadze Zurabi , Shaik Mohammed Rifat , Choi Dabin , Zaffar Duha , Mishra Lopa , Shetty Kirti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant global burden, with management complicated by its heterogeneity, varying presentation, and relative resistance to therapy. Recent advances in the understanding of the genetic, molecular, and immunological underpinnings of HCC have allowed a detailed classification of these tumors, with resultant implications for diagnosis, prognostication, and selection of appropriate treatments. Through the correlation of genomic features with histopathology and clinical outcomes, we are moving toward a comprehensive and unifying framework to guide our diagnostic and therapeutic approach to HCC.
Syphilis Mimicking Malignant Pulmonary Tumor With Nodal and Bone Metastasis on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Bronte Viedma Angela , Menendez-Sanchez Sandra , Bastidas Tamayo Juan Fernando , Lajusticia Andrés Héctor , García-Velloso Maria José 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A 52-year-old man suffering left pleuritic pain underwent a chest CT showing a subpleural pulmonary nodule in the left upper lobe. Because of the possibility of a lung tumor, he was referred for 18F-FDG PET/CT. The scan revealed FDG uptake in the pulmonary nodule, in an upper right paratracheal lymph node, and at 4 destructive bone lesions. Pathologic examination after pulmonary biopsy manifested only the presence of inflammatory cells. Further clinical history research proved risky sexual behavior with a positive syphilis serology test. A follow-up PET/CT 7 months after penicillin therapy showed a complete metabolic response of all the lesions.
Locally Low-Rank Denoising of Multi-Echo Functional MRI Data With Application in Resting-State Analysis
Authors: Meyer Nolan K. , Kang Daehun , Ahmed Zaki , In Myung-Ho , Shu Yunhong , Huston John , Bernstein Matt A. , Trzasko Joshua D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:

Objectives:
Locally low-rank (LLR) denoising of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series image data is extended to multi-echo (ME) data. The proposed method extends the capabilities of non-physiologic noise suppression beyond single-echo applications with a dedicated ME algorithm.

Materials and Methods:
Following an institutional review board (IRB) approved protocol, resting-state fMRI data were acquired in 7 healthy subjects. A compact 3T scanner enabled whole-brain acquisition of multiband ME fMRI data at high spatial resolution (1.4 × 1.4 × 2.8 mm3) with a 1810 ms repetition time (TR). Image data were denoised with ME-LLR preceding functional processing. The results of connectivity maps generated from denoised data were compared with maps generated with equivalent processing of non-denoised images. To assess ME-LLR as a method to reduce scan time, comparisons were made between maps computed from image data with full and retrospectively truncated durations. Assessments were completed with seed-based connectivity analyses using echo-combined image data. In a feasibility assessment, nondenoised and denoised full-duration echo-combined data were equivalently processed with independent component analysis (ICA) and compared.

Results:
ME-LLR denoising yielded strengthened resting-state network connectivity maps after nuisance regression and seed-based connectivity analysis. In assessing ME-LLR as a scan reduction mechanism, maps generated from denoised data at half scan time showed comparable quality with maps generated from full-duration, non-denoised data, at both single subject and group levels. ME-LLR substantially increased temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) for image data respective to each individual echo and for image data after nuisance regression. Among echo-specific image volumes, increases in tSNR yielded by ME-LLR were most pronounced for image data with the longest echo time and thereby lowest SNR. ICA showed resting-state networks consistently identified between non-denoised and denoised data, with clearer demarcation of networks for ME-LLR.

Conclusions:
ME-LLR is demonstrated to suppress non-physiologic noise, enhance functional connectivity map quality, and could potentially facilitate scan time reduction in ME-fMRI.
Data Requirement for Animal-Derived Wound Care Devices: Limitations of the 510(k) Regulatory Pathway
Authors: DeLong Michael R , Wells Michael W , Chang Irene A , Vardanian Andrew J , Harris Hobart 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Device classification and preclinical data requirements for animal-derived wound care products were recently reviewed by the FDA. Given the possible performance differences for these products, we evaluated the FDA data requirements as well as the published literature for all animal-derived wound care products ever cleared through the FDA.

STUDY DESIGN:
The publicly available online database was queried for all animal-derived wound products; premarket data requirements for each product were recorded. A PubMed search was conducted to determine the number of published clinical studies for each product, and manufacturer websites were accessed to obtain the price for each product.

RESULTS:
A total of 132 animal-derived wound products have been cleared by the FDA since the Center for Devices and Radiological Health was established in 1976. Of these, 114 had a publicly available clearance statement online. Preclinical biocompatibility testing was performed in 85 products (74.6%) and referenced in 10 (8.8%). Preclinical animal wound healing testing took place in 17 (14.9%). Only 9 products (7.9%) had clinical safety testing, and no products had clinical effectiveness data. We found no published peer-reviewed clinical data for 97 products (73%). Cost was infrequently available but ranged from $4.79 to $2,178 per unit.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although the current pathway is appropriate for efficiently clearing new wound care products, clinical effectiveness is not included in the regulatory review process. Wound care products are primarily evaluated by the FDA for safety and biocompatibility. Thus, any claims of clinical effectiveness require independent validation, which is often lacking.
Pan-Cancer Drug Response Prediction Using Integrative Principal Component Regression
Authors: Liu Qingzhi , Li Gen , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe pursuit of precision oncology heavily relies on large-scale genomic and pharmacological data garnered from preclinical cancer model systems such as cell lines. While cell lines are instrumental in understanding the interplay between genomic programs and drug response, it well-established that they are not fully representative of patient tumors. Development of integrative methods that can systematically assess the commonalities between patient tumors and cell-lines can help bridge this gap. To this end, we introduce the Integrative Principal Component Regression (iPCR) model which uncovers both joint and model-specific structured variations in the genomic data of cell lines and patient tumors through matrix decompositions. The extracted joint variation is then used to predict patient drug responses based on the pharmacological data from preclinical models. Moreover, the interpretability of our model allows for the identification of key driver genes and pathways associated with the treatment-specific response in patients across multiple cancers. We demonstrate that the outputs of the iPCR model can assist in inferring both model-specific and shared co-expression networks between cell lines and patients. We show that iPCR performs favorably compared to competing approaches in predicting patient drug responses, in both simulation studies and real-world applications, in addition to identifying key genomic drivers of cancer drug responses.
The archerfish uses motor adaptation in shooting to correct for changing physical conditions
Authors: Volotsky Svetlana , Donchin Opher , Segev Ronen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe archerfish is unique in its ability to hunt by shooting a jet of water from its mouth that hits insects situated above the water’s surface. To aim accurately, the fish needs to overcome physical factors including changes in light refraction at the air-water interface. Nevertheless, archerfish can still hit the target with a high success rate under changing conditions. One possible explanation for this extraordinary ability is that it is learned by trial and error through a motor adaptation process. We tested this possibility by characterizing the ability of the archerfish to adapt to perturbations in the environment to make appropriate adjustments to its shots. We introduced a perturbing airflow above the water tank of archerfish trained to shoot at a target. For each trial shot, we measured the error; i.e., the distance between the center of the target and the center of the water jet produced by the fish. Immediately after the airflow perturbation, there was an increase in shot error. Then, over the course of several trials, the error was reduced and eventually plateaued. After the removal of the perturbation, there was an aftereffect, where the error was in the opposite direction but washed out after several trials. These results indicate that archerfish can adapt to the airflow perturbation. Testing the fish with two opposite airflow directions indicated that adaptation took place within an egocentric frame of reference. These results thus suggest that the archerfish is capable of motor adaptation, as indicated by data showing that the fish produced motor commands that anticipated the perturbation.
Predictable sequential structure augments auditory sensitivity at threshold
Authors: Marin Nadège , Gérenton Grégory , Jean Hadrien , Paraouty Nihaad , Wallaert Nicolas , Lazard Diane S. , Doelling Keith B. , Arnal Luc H. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryHuman hearing is highly sensitive and allows us to detect acoustic events at low levels. However, sensitivity is not only a function of the integrity of cochlear transduction mechanisms, but also constrained by central processes such as attention and expectation. While the effects of distraction and attentional orienting are generally acknowledged, the extent to which probabilistic expectations influence sensitivity at threshold is not clear. Classical audiometric tests, commonly used to assess hearing thresholds, do not distinguish between bottom-up sensitivity and top-down processes. In this study, we aim to decipher the influence of various types of expectations on hearing thresholds and how this information can be used to improve the assessment of hearing sensitivity. Our results raise important questions regarding the conventional assessment of hearing thresholds, both in fundamental research and in audiological clinical assessment.
Bacteriophage in combination with ciprofloxacin againstPseudomonas aeruginosainfections in diabetic foot ulcer patients
Authors: Liu Sha , Goonetilleke Shenoi , Hon Karen , Burdon Isabella Amy , Bouras George Spyro , McMillan Neil , Psaltis Alkis J , Wormald Peter-John , Fitridge Robert , Vreugde Sarah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients,Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa) infections are linked to poor wound healing. The ineffectiveness of antibiotics against these infections promotes the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy has recently gained popularity as an alternative to antibiotics.MethodologyBacterial and viral swabs and tissue were obtained from DFU infections (DFI). Bacteria were cultured followed by MALDI-TOF MS for identification. 16S rRNA long-read sequencing was used to identify the microbiota. Bacteriophages were isolated and underwent transmission electron microscopy, genomic sequencing, and stability testing. The antimicrobial activity of phages alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin againstP. aeruginosaplanktonic cells and biofilm grownin vitroand inex vivotissue was tested by measuring the optical density (OD), crystal violet assays and live/dead staining with visualisation using confocal scanning laser microscopy respectively.ResultsA total of 34 DFI patients were recruited from which microbiota were analysed for 25 patients.P. aeruginosawas the most prevalent pathogen cultured and was one of the top 6 most prevalent and abundant species in the microbiota analysis. Phage APTC-PA18 was isolated from DFIs, belonged to themyoviridaefamily and was strictly lytic. PA18 was stable between 4 and 70 degrees Celsius and between pH 3 and 11. Seven of eightP. aeruginosaclinical isolates were sensitive to APTC-PA18, and when APTC-PA18 was combined with ciprofloxacin against planktonic and biofilm ofP. aeruginosa, synergistic effects were observedin vitroand in DFI tissue samples.ConclusionPhage APTC-PA18, when combined with ciprofloxacin, has the ability to killP. aeruginosaclinical isolates bothin vitroandex vivoand is a promising treatment option forP. aeruginosainfections in DFUs.
Using claims data to predict pre-operative BMI among bariatric surgery patients: development of the BMI Before Bariatric Surgery Scoring System (B3S3)
Authors: Wong Jenna , Li Xiaojuan , Arterburn David E. , Li Dongdong , Messenger-Jones Elizabeth , Wang Rui , Toh Sengwee 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundLack of body mass index (BMI) measurements limits the utility of claims data for bariatric surgery research, but pre-operative BMI may be imputed due to existence of weight-related diagnosis codes and BMI-related reimbursements requirements. We used a machine learning pipeline to create a claims-based scoring system to predict pre-operative BMI, as documented in the electronic health record (EHR), among patients undergoing a new bariatric surgery.MethodsUsing the Optum Labs Data Warehouse, containing linked de-identified claims and EHR data for commercial or Medicare Advantage enrollees, we identified adults undergoing a new bariatric surgery between January 2011 and June 2018 with a BMI measurement in linked EHR data ≤30 days before the index surgery (n=3,226). We constructed predictors from claims data and applied a machine learning pipeline to create a scoring system for pre-operative BMI, the B3S3. We evaluated the B3S3 and a simple linear regression model (benchmark) in test patients whose index surgery occurred concurrent (2011-2017) or prospective (2018) to the training data.ResultsThe machine learning pipeline yielded a final scoring system that included weight-related diagnosis codes, age, and number of days hospitalized and distinct drugs dispensed in the past 6 months. In concurrent test data, the B3S3 had excellent performance (R20.862, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.815-0.898) and calibration. The benchmark algorithm had good performance (R20.750, 95% CI 0.686-0.799) and calibration but both aspects were inferior to the B3S3. Findings in prospective test data were similar.ConclusionsThe B3S3 is an accessible tool researchers can use with claims data to obtain granular and accurate predicted values of pre-operative BMI, which may enhance confounding control and investigation of effect modification by baseline obesity levels in bariatric surgery studies utilizing claims data.