bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of referents in the bilingual mind1
Authors: Torregrossa Jacopo , Bongartz Christiane 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates reference production by bilingual and
monolingual children. We focus on the degree to which the activation
of referents is encoded by different types of referring expressions
among bilinguals and monolinguals. The study is based on forty-six
story retellings produced in German by twenty-five Greek-German
bilingual children and twenty-one monolingual children,
respectively. The activation of referents is assessed based on a
multi-factorial analysis of cognitive and linguistic factors that
are involved in the use of referring expressions. The results show
that pronouns produced by bilingual children tend to encode a lower
degree of activation of referents and to be underspecific. This may
be an effect of reduced processing speed experienced by bilinguals
in the mapping of the referent’s activation onto the use of a
certain referring expression. More in general, we account for the
observed differences between bilinguals and monolinguals in terms of
cognitive mechanisms underlying bilingual language production.
On the solvability of direct and inverse problems for a generalized diffusion equation
Authors: Ilyas Asim , Malik Salman A , Saif Summaya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper delves into both direct and two inverse source problems associated with a diffusion equation featuring integral convolution over time, while considering non-classical boundary conditions. The inverse source problems are shown to exhibit ill-posed characteristics in accordance with Hadamard’s definition. A bi-orthogonal function system is employed to express series solutions for the inverse source problems. By imposing specific conditions on the provided data, we establish the existence of unique series solutions. Several special cases of the diffusion equation are presented, depending on the nature of the memory kernel. Furthermore, to illustrate the findings regarding inverse source problems, we provide specific examples.
Electron phonon coupling and superconductivity in α-MoB2 as a function of pressure
Authors: Carmona-Galván M-A , Heid R , De la Peña-Seaman O 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We have studied the lattice dynamics, electron-phonon coupling, and superconducting properties of α-MoB2, as a function of applied pressure, within the framework of density functional perturbation theory using a mixed-basis pseudopotential method. We found that phonon modes located along the A−H, H−L, and L−A high-symmetry paths exhibit large phonon linewidths and contribute significantly to the electron-phonon coupling constant. Although linewidths are particularly large for the highest-frequency optical phonon modes (dominated by B vibrations), their contribution to the electron-phonon coupling constant is marginal. The latter is largely controlled by the acoustic low-frequency modes of predominantly Mo character. It was observed that at a pressure of 90 GPa, where α-MoB2 forms, the phonon-mediated pairing falls into the strong-coupling regime, and the estimate for the superconducting critical temperature T

c
agrees well with experimental observations. When further increasing the applied pressure, a reduction of T

c
is predicted, which correlates with a hardening of the acoustic low-frequency phonon modes and a decrease of the electron-phonon coupling parameter.
Propagation of chirped solitons on a cw background in a non-Kerr quintic medium with self-steepening effect
Authors: Bouguerra Abdesselam , Triki Houria , Wei Chun , Lu Zhenbang , Zhou Qin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the existence and stability of envelope solitons on a continuous-wave background in a non-Kerr quintic optical material exhibiting a self-steepening effect. Light propagation in such a nonlinear medium is governed by the Gerdjikov–Ivanov equation. We find that the system supports a variety of localized waveforms exhibiting an important frequency chirping property which makes them potentially useful in many practical applications to optical communication. This frequency chirp is found to be crucially dependent on the intensity of the wave and its amplitude can be controlled by a suitable choice of self-steepening parameter. The obtained nonlinearly chirped solitons include bright, gray and kink shapes. We also discuss the stability of the chirped solitons numerically under finite initial perturbations. The results show that the main character of chirped localized structures is not influenced by finite initial perturbations such as white noise.
Reactions induced by 30 MeV 3He beam on 9Be : cluster transfer reactions*
Authors: Urazbekov B. A. , Issatayev T. , Lukyanov S. M. , Azhibekov A. , Denikin A. S. , Mendibayev K. , Janseitov D. M. , Penionzhkevich Yu E. , Kuterbekov K. A. , Zholdybayev T. K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An experiment was conducted for studying the cluster structure of

Be induced by

He ions at an energy of 30 MeV. As results of the nuclear reaction 3He + 9Be, the differential cross sections for the exit channels – elastic, inelastic, α + 8Be, 6He + 6Be, 6Li + 6Li, and 7Be + 5He – were measured. Elastic and inelastic scattering data were treated within both the optical model and coupled channel method. A new set of optical potentials was considered for the elastic scattering. The deformation parameter

was established for the transition

. Cluster transfer reactions were analyzed via the coupled reaction channel method. The nuclear reactions with the exit channels 6He + 6Be, 6Li + 6Li, and 7Be + 5He were complemented by two-step transfer mechanisms. The contribution of each reaction mechanism were shown and compared with the findings of other authors.
AMGCN-L: an adaptive multi-time-window graph convolutional network with long-short-term memory for depression detection
Authors: Wang Han-Guang , Meng Qing-Hao , Jin Li-Cheng , Hou Hui-Rang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Depression is a common chronic mental disorder characterized by high rates of prevalence, recurrence, suicide, and disability as well as heavy disease burden. An accurate diagnosis of depression is a prerequisite for treatment. However, existing questionnaire-based diagnostic methods are limited by the innate subjectivity of medical practitioners and subjects. In the search for a more objective diagnostic methods for depression, researchers have recently started to use deep learning approaches. Approach. In this work, a deep-learning network, named adaptively multi-time-window graph convolutional network (GCN) with long-short-term memory (LSTM) (i.e. AMGCN-L), is proposed. This network can automatically categorize depressed and non-depressed people by testing for the existence of inherent brain functional connectivity and spatiotemporal features contained in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. AMGCN-L is mainly composed of two sub-networks: the first sub-network is an adaptive multi-time-window graph generation block with which adjacency matrices that contain brain functional connectivity on different time periods are adaptively designed. The second sub-network consists of GCN and LSTM, which are used to fully extract the innate spatial and temporal features of EEG signals, respectively. Main results. Two public datasets, namely the patient repository for EEG data and computational tools, and the multi-modal open dataset for mental-disorder analysis, were used to test the performance of the proposed network; the depression recognition accuracies achieved in both datasets (using tenfold cross-validation) were 90.38% and 90.57%, respectively. Significance. This work demonstrates that GCN and LSTM have eminent effects on spatial and temporal feature extraction, respectively, suggesting that the exploration of brain connectivity and the exploitation of spatiotemporal features benefit the detection of depression. Moreover, the proposed method provides effective support and supplement for the detection of clinical depression and later treatment procedures.
Revolving around political connections: the negative effect of government venture capital backing on IPO valuation
Authors: Li Tan , Luo Jar-Der , Zheng Enying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We examine how government venture capital (GVC)—a specific type of political connection—affected initial public offering (IPO) valuation. Contrary to the well-recognized benefits of political connections in channeling access to financial resources in China, our analysis of 959 IPOs between 2008 and 2014 suggests that GVC backing lowers IPO valuation. This baseline effect is moderated by other sources of political connection (e.g. government ownership, state sector experience of top management team members, private sector partner status, and institutional environments). We argue that it is the negative signaling mechanism revolving around political connections that accounts for this observable pattern. This research enriches the signaling theory by uncovering signal emergence and analyzing the interactions between several signaling sources of political connection. Specifically, it contributes to a better understanding of political connections by specifying an undesirable consequence of state-led financialization, which has timely practical relevance as China’s capital market is steering toward a rule-based system.
Perioperative Mortality of the COVID-19 Recovered Patient Compared to a Matched Control: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Aziz Michael F. , Schenning Katie , Koike Seiji , O’Glasser Avital , O’Reilly-Shah Vikas N. , Sera Valerie , Mathis Michael ,   Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group Investigators
Published: October 2023

Background
Surgical procedures performed on patients with recent exposure to COVID-19 infection have been associated with increased mortality risk in previous studies. Accordingly, elective surgery is often delayed after infection. The study aimed to compare 30-day hospital mortality and postoperative complications (acute kidney injury, pulmonary complications) of surgical patients with a previous COVID-19 infection to a matched cohort of patients without known previous COVID-19. The authors hypothesized that COVID-19 exposure would be associated with an increased mortality risk.

Methods
In this retrospective observational cohort study, patients presenting for elective inpatient surgery across a multicenter cohort of academic and community hospitals from April 2020 to April 2021 who had previously tested positive for COVID-19 were compared to controls who had received at least one previous COVID-19 test but without a known previous COVID-19–positive test. The cases were matched based on anthropometric data, institution, and comorbidities. Further, the outcomes were analyzed stratified by timing of a positive test result in relation to surgery.

Results
Thirty-day mortality occurred in 229 of 4,951 (4.6%) COVID-19–exposed patients and 122 of 4,951 (2.5%) controls. Acute kidney injury was observed in 172 of 1,814 (9.5%) exposed patients and 156 of 1,814 (8.6%) controls. Pulmonary complications were observed in 237 of 1,637 (14%) exposed patients and 164 of 1,637 (10%) controls. COVID-19 exposure was associated with an increased 30-day mortality risk (adjusted odds ratio, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.38 to 1.91) and an increased risk of pulmonary complications (1.60; 1.36 to 1.88), but was not associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (1.03; 0.87 to 1.22). Surgery within 2 weeks of infection was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality and pulmonary complications, but that effect was nonsignificant after 2 weeks.

Conclusions
Patients with a positive test for COVID-19 before elective surgery early in the pandemic have an elevated risk of perioperative mortality and pulmonary complications but not acute kidney injury as compared to matched controls. The span of time from positive test to time of surgery affected the mortality and pulmonary risk, which subsided after 2 weeks.

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What This Article Tells Us That Is New
Regulatory T cells and cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Hu Wangling , Li Jingyong , Cheng Xiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Inflammation is a major underlying mechanism in the progression of numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are typical immune regulatory cells with recognized immunosuppressive properties. Despite the immunosuppressive properties, researchers have acknowledged the significance of Tregs in maintaining tissue homeostasis and facilitating repair/regeneration. Previous studies unveiled the heterogeneity of Tregs in the heart and aorta, which expanded in CVDs with unique transcriptional phenotypes and reparative/regenerative function. This review briefly summarizes the functional principles of Tregs, also including the synergistic effect of Tregs and other immune cells in CVDs. We discriminate the roles and therapeutic potential of Tregs in CVDs such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, abdominal arterial aneurysm, pulmonary arterial hypertension, Kawasaki disease, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Tregs not only exert anti-inflammatory effects but also actively promote myocardial regeneration and vascular repair, maintaining the stability of the local microenvironment. Given that the specific mechanism of Tregs functioning in CVDs remains unclear, we reviewed previous clinical and basic studies and the latest findings on the function and mechanism of Tregs in CVDs.
Immunohistochemistry for PRAME in Dermatopathology
Authors: Lezcano Cecilia , Jungbluth Achim A. , Busam Klaus J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a tumor-associated antigen first identified in a melanoma patient and found to be expressed in most melanomas as well as in variable levels in other malignant neoplasms of epithelial, mesenchymal, or hematolymphoid lineage. Detection of PRAME expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue is possible by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with commercially available monoclonal antibodies. In situ and invasive melanoma frequently show a diffuse pattern of nuclear PRAME immunoreactivity which contrasts with the infrequent and typically nondiffuse staining seen in nevi. In many challenging melanocytic tumors, results of PRAME IHC and other ancillary tests correlate well, but not always: The tests are not interchangeable. Most metastatic melanomas are positive for PRAME, whereas nodal nevi are not. Numerous studies on PRAME IHC have become available in the past few years with results supporting the value of PRAME IHC as an ancillary tool in the evaluation of melanocytic lesions and providing insights into limitations in sensitivity and specificity as well as possible pitfalls that need to be kept in mind by practicing pathologists.
Patterns of Marijuana Use and Nicotine Exposure in Patients Seeking Elective Aesthetic Procedures
Authors: Lu Yi-Hsueh , Mahajan Lakshmi , Rudy Hayeem , Pettitt Brian , Pothula Aravind , Ricci Joseph A. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
With the increasing legalization and popularity of marijuana, it is frequently and sometimes unintentionally combined with nicotine-containing products. As a consequence, patients may fail to accurately report usage during preoperative examinations or remain unaware of the inclusion of nicotine. This poses a challenge for clinicians in identifying preoperative nicotine exposure. This study aimed to establish normative data on the use of marijuana and nicotine in plastic surgery patients and correlate it with urine nicotine and cotinine levels.

Methods:
All consecutive patients presenting to the authors’ clinic seeking elective procedures were identified. Patients were surveyed on marijuana and nicotine use, and provided a urine sample for analysis. The survey responses, urine results, surgical treatments, and clinical outcomes were followed up prospectively.

Results:
A total of 135 patients completed the survey and were categorized as nonusers (50%), active nicotine users (19%), active marijuana users (7%), active users of both (13%), or past users (11%). Marijuana users who denied nicotine use showed significantly elevated nicotine and cotinine levels compared with nonusers (average nicotine level, 23.1 ± 13.5 ng/mL [P = 0.00007]; average cotinine level, 221.2 ± 141.8 ng/mL [P = 0.0002]). Fewer than a third of active marijuana or nicotine users reported active use of these products during clinical encounters. There was no difference in urine levels, reported use, or other patient characteristics in patients with and without postoperative complications.

Conclusion:
This is the first descriptive study to document elevated urine nicotine levels in self-reported marijuana users in an urban, diverse patient population seeking elective plastic surgery procedures.
Development of a Psychological Scale for Measuring Disruptive Clinician Behavior
Authors: Fujimoto Manabu , Shimamura Mika , Miyazaki Hiroaki , Inaba Kazuto 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesDisruptive clinician behavior worsens communication, information transfer, and teamwork, all of which negatively affect patient safety. Improving safety in medical care requires an accurate assessment of the damage caused by disruptive clinician behavior. Psychometric scales complement case reports, but existing scales have significant limitations. Therefore, this study developed a psychometric scale based on the psychological paradigm to assess disruptive clinician behavior.MethodsThe scale was developed through a sequence of steps. First, we used an open-ended questionnaire targeting 712 nurses, content analysis, and content validity assessment by 5 experts to determine valid items for disruptive clinical behavior. Next, an Internet questionnaire survey targeting 1000 health care staff, exploratory factor analysis, and subfactor analysis was conducted to identify necessary and sufficient factors. Then, we calculated difficulty level and discriminative power. We also conducted a field questionnaire survey targeting 84 staff in a hospital. Finally, we calculatedωcoefficients and then used confirmatory factor analysis to verify the fit of the hypothesized model.ResultsOur open-ended survey involving 478 nurses identified 47 codes in 9 categories. The questionnaire survey involving hospital 1000 medical staff identified 6 factors, with 1 factor subdivided into 4 subfactors and 1 into 2 subfactors. The goodness of fit of the hypothesized 10-factor models with factor pairs and groups was confirmed.ConclusionsWe developed a psychometric scale measuring subjective assessments of harm covering various disruptive clinician behaviors. The scale complements interviews and case reports by generating valid, reliable scores for various disruptive clinician behaviors in health care institutions.
Far-reaching displacement effects of artificial light at night in a North American bat community
Authors: Seewagen Chad L. , Nadeau-Gneckow Julia , Adams Amanda M. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTArtificial light at night (ALAN) is a global pollutant that disrupts circadian rhythmicity and a broad range of physiological processes and behaviors in animals. However, ALAN sensitivity can vary greatly even among closely related species and urgently needs study for much of the world’s nocturnal wildlife, including bats. While an increasing number of bat species have been assessed for light tolerance in recent years, the spatial extent of ALAN’s influence on bats has received little attention. This information need is a barrier to the protection of bats from ALAN in land-use planning and policy, and the development of best practices that effectively buffer bat habitat from light trespass. To help address this information gap for North America, we experimentally tested the distances up to which ALAN affects presence and activity of light-averse little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) and big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), and the composition of a foraging bat assemblage in Connecticut, USA. We used three residential-scale, white, LED floodlights to expose bat foraging habitat to ALAN and compared acoustic activity of bats at distances of 0, 25, 50, and 75 m from the lights between nights when the lights were on versus off. Little brown bats were present on significantly fewer light than dark nights at every distance. Lighting significantly reduced little brown bat activity overall and at the farthest location from the lights (75 m), where it was only 43% of dark-night activity despite 0 lx of illuminance. Presence of big brown bats was not significantly affected at any distance. Big brown bat activity on light nights averaged 48-75% of dark-night activity at each distance but was significantly lower only at 0 m. Community composition on dark and light nights had an average dissimilarity of 38% and significantly differed at 0 m and 25 m. We conclude the type of ALAN used in our study has a disturbance radius of at least 75 m for the little brown bat and up to 25 m for the big brown bat, with a resulting influence on community composition for up to 50 m. Cumulative habitat loss for the imperiled little brown bat caused by ALAN could therefore be substantial. We urge planners and natural resources regulators to consider these footprints when evaluating indirect impacts to bat habitat from current and future sources of ALAN across these species’ ranges.
Revealing Molecular Mechanisms of Early-Onset Tongue Cancer by Spatial Transcriptomics
Authors: Patysheva Marina R. , Kolegova Elena S. , Khozyainova Anna A. , Prostakishina Elizaveta A. , Menyailo Maxim E. , Larionova Irina V. , Kovalev Oleg I. , Zavyalova Marina V. , Fedorova Irina K. , Kulbakin Denis E. , Polyakov Andrey P. , Yakovleva Liliya P. , Kropotov Mikhail A. , Sukortseva Natalya S. , Lu Yusheng , Jia Lee , Arora Rohit , Choinzonov Evgeny L. , Bose Pinaki , Denisov Evgeny V. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTTongue cancer at a young age demonstrates an increase in incidence, aggressiveness, and poor response to therapy. Classic etiological factors for head and neck tumors such as tobacco, alcohol, and human papillomavirus are not related to early-onset tongue cancer. Mechanisms of development and progression of this cancer remain unclear. In this study, we performed spatial whole-transcriptome profiling of tongue cancer in young adults compared with elderly patients. Oxidative stress, vascular mimicry, and MAPK and JAK-STAT pathways were enriched in early-onset tongue cancer. Tumor microenvironment demonstrated increased gene signatures corresponding to myeloid-derived suppressor cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and plasma cells. The invasive front was accompanied by vascular mimicry with arrangement of tumor-associated macrophages and aggregations of plasma cells and lymphocytes organized into tertiary lymphoid structures. Taken together, these results indicate that early-onset tongue cancer has distinct spatial transcriptomic features and molecular mechanisms compared to older patients.HIGHLIGHTSEarly-onset tongue cancer demonstrates extremely downregulated oxidative phosphorylation and upregulated glycolysis.MAPK pathway is the key player in the pathogenesis of tongue cancer in young adults.Early-onset tongue cancer is characterized by JAK-STAT dependent vascular mimicry supported by tumor-associated macrophages at the invasive edge.Tongue cancer microenvironment in young adults enriches for immunosuppressive myeloid derived suppressor cells and demonstrates reduced antigen presentation function.The tumor border in early-onset tongue cancer is enriched with plasma cells and lymphocytes in tertiary lymphoid structures.