bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative antioxidant activity and phytochemical content of five extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom)
Authors: Effiong Magdalene Eno , Umeokwochi Chidinma Precious , Afolabi Israel Sunmola , Chinedu Shalom Nwodo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReactive oxygen species reacts with numerous molecules in the body system causing oxidative damage, which requires antioxidants to ameliorate. Pleurotus ostreatus, a highly nutritious edible mushroom, has been reported to be rich in bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the comparative antioxidant activity and phytochemical contents of five extracts of P. ostreatus: aqueous (AE), chloroform (CE), ethanol (EE), methanol (ME) and n-hexane (HE). The phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of the extracts were determined using standard in-vitro antioxidant assay methods. Results showed that the extracts contained alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, anthrocyanins, and betacyanins in varied amounts. CE had the highest flavonoid content (104.83 ± 29.46 mg/100 g); AE gave the highest phenol content of 24.14 ± 0.02 mg/100 g; tannin was highest in EE (25.12 ± 0.06 mg/100 g); HE had highest amounts of alkaloids (187.60 ± 0.28 mg/100 g) and saponins (0.16 ± 0.00 mg/100 g). Antioxidant analyses revealed that CE had the best hydroxyl radical activity of 250% at 100 µg/ml and ferric cyanide reducing power of 8495 µg/ml; ME gave the maximum DPPH activity (87.67%) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (65.58%) at 500 µg/ml; EE had the highest nitric oxide radical inhibition of 65.81% at 500 µg/ml and ascorbate peroxidase activity of 1.60 (iU/l). AE had the best total antioxidant capacity (5.27 µg/ml GAE at 500 µg/ml) and ferrous iron chelating activity (99.23% at 100 µg/ml) while HE gave the highest guaiacol peroxidase activity of 0.20(iU/l). The comparative phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics (IC50) of the extracts followed the order: CE > AE > EE > ME > HE. Overall, chloroform was the best extraction solvent for P. ostreatus. The high content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and alkaloids in P. ostreatus makes it a rich source of antioxidants and potential candidate for the development of new therapies for a variety of oxidative stress-related disorders.
Structure of recombinant formate dehydrogenase from Methylobacterium extorquens (MeFDH1)
Authors: Park Junsun , Heo Yoonyoung , Jeon Byoung Wook , Jung Mingyu , Kim Yong Hwan , Lee Hyung Ho , Roh Soung-Hun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFormate dehydrogenase (FDH) is critical for the conversion between formate and carbon dioxide. Despite its importance, the structural complexity of FDH and difficulties in the production of the enzyme have made elucidating its unique physicochemical properties challenging. Here, we purified recombinant Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 FDH (MeFDH1) and used cryo-electron microscopy to determine its structure. We resolved a heterodimeric MeFDH1 structure at a resolution of 2.8 Å, showing a noncanonical active site and a well-embedded Fe-S redox chain relay. In particular, the tungsten bis-molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide active site showed an open configuration with a flexible C-terminal cap domain, suggesting structural and dynamic heterogeneity in the enzyme.
Schedule risk model of water intake tunnel construction considering mood factors and its application
Authors: Li Xin , Sun Wei , Fu Honggang , Bu Qingsheng , Zhang Zhiguang , Huang Jian , Zang Dongnian , Sun Yuan , Ma Yong , Wang Rui , Hu Jingjing , Shen Yanan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe mood index $$r$$
r
was used to describe evaluator attitudes regarding the progress of a project that formed the basis of a construction period prediction model. The degrees of pessimism $$\alpha$$
α
and optimism $$\beta$$
β
were introduced, and an analysis model was established using $$\alpha$$
α
and $$\beta$$
β
to predict the construction period and completion probability Firstly, the absolute construction period of each process of tunnel No. 2 can be obtained according to the measured daily average footage of each process of tunnel No. 1. Secondly, the probability of the stoppage caused by different factors can be obtained after the statistical analysis of the factors responsible for the stoppage of tunnel No. 1. Finally, the expected construction period and completion probability of tunnel No. 2 under different pessimism and optimism conditions are obtained by using the progress risk analysis theory of emotional models and the program evaluation and review technique method. An engineering application showed that the expected construction period increased, and the completion probability decreased considerably with increasing pessimism; the opposite trend occurred as optimism increased. During the process of risk management and control, the prediction model can be used to perform precise quantitative analysis of the expected construction period and completion probability, reduce the blindness of construction management, control decisions of complex giant tunnel projects, and provide a more accurate basis for decision makers to judge risks. The findings of this study can be applied to hydraulic tunnels and can provide a reference for traffic tunnels, railway tunnels, and other similar projects.
INHBA(+) cancer-associated fibroblasts generate an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer
Authors: Hu Ye , Recouvreux Maria Sol , Haro Marcela , Taylan Enes , Taylor-Harding Barbie , Walts Ann E. , Karlan Beth Y. , Orsulic Sandra 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEffective targeting of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is hindered by the lack of specific biomarkers and a poor understanding of the mechanisms by which different populations of CAFs contribute to cancer progression. While the role of TGFβ in CAFs is well-studied, less attention has been focused on a structurally and functionally similar protein, Activin A (encoded by INHBA). Here, we identified INHBA(+) CAFs as key players in tumor promotion and immunosuppression. Spatiotemporal analyses of patient-matched primary, metastatic, and recurrent ovarian carcinomas revealed that aggressive metastatic tumors enriched in INHBA(+) CAFs were also enriched in regulatory T cells (Tregs). In ovarian cancer mouse models, intraperitoneal injection of the Activin A neutralizing antibody attenuated tumor progression and infiltration with pro-tumorigenic subsets of myofibroblasts and macrophages. Downregulation of INHBA in human ovarian CAFs inhibited pro-tumorigenic CAF functions. Co-culture of human ovarian CAFs and T cells revealed the dependence of Treg differentiation on direct contact with INHBA(+) CAFs. Mechanistically, INHBA/recombinant Activin A in CAFs induced the autocrine expression of PD-L1 through SMAD2-dependent signaling, which promoted Treg differentiation. Collectively, our study identified an INHBA(+) subset of immunomodulatory pro-tumoral CAFs as a potential therapeutic target in advanced ovarian cancers which typically show a poor response to immunotherapy.
Accelerating materials language processing with large language models
Authors: Choi Jaewoong , Lee Byungju 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMaterials language processing (MLP) can facilitate materials science research by automating the extraction of structured data from research papers. Despite the existence of deep learning models for MLP tasks, there are ongoing practical issues associated with complex model architectures, extensive fine-tuning, and substantial human-labelled datasets. Here, we introduce the use of large language models, such as generative pretrained transformer (GPT), to replace the complex architectures of prior MLP models with strategic designs of prompt engineering. We find that in-context learning of GPT models with few or zero-shots can provide high performance text classification, named entity recognition and extractive question answering with limited datasets, demonstrated for various classes of materials. These generative models can also help identify incorrect annotated data. Our GPT-based approach can assist material scientists in solving knowledge-intensive MLP tasks, even if they lack relevant expertise, by offering MLP guidelines applicable to any materials science domain. In addition, the outcomes of GPT models are expected to reduce the workload of researchers, such as manual labelling, by producing an initial labelling set and verifying human-annotations.
VHL suppresses autophagy and tumor growth through PHD1-dependent Beclin1 hydroxylation
Authors: Wang Zheng , Yan Meisi , Ye Leiguang , Zhou Qimin , Duan Yuran , Jiang Hongfei , Wang Lei , Ouyang Yuan , Zhang Huahe , Shen Yuli , Ji Guimei , Chen Xiaohan , Tian Qi , Xiao Liwei , Wu Qingang , Meng Ying , Liu Guijun , Ma Leina , Lei Bo , Lu Zhimin , Xu Daqian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) protein, which is frequently mutated in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), is a master regulator of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) that is involved in oxidative stresses. However, whether VHL possesses HIF-independent tumor-suppressing activity remains largely unclear. Here, we demonstrate that VHL suppresses nutrient stress-induced autophagy, and its deficiency in sporadic ccRCC specimens is linked to substantially elevated levels of autophagy and correlates with poorer patient prognosis. Mechanistically, VHL directly binds to the autophagy regulator Beclin1, after its PHD1-mediated hydroxylation on Pro54. This binding inhibits the association of Beclin1-VPS34 complexes with ATG14L, thereby inhibiting autophagy initiation in response to nutrient deficiency. Expression of non-hydroxylatable Beclin1 P54A abrogates VHL-mediated autophagy inhibition and significantly reduces the tumor-suppressing effect of VHL. In addition, Beclin1 P54-OH levels are inversely correlated with autophagy levels in wild-type VHL-expressing human ccRCC specimens, and with poor patient prognosis. Furthermore, combined treatment of VHL-deficient mouse tumors with autophagy inhibitors and HIF2α inhibitors suppresses tumor growth. These findings reveal an unexpected mechanism by which VHL suppresses tumor growth, and suggest a potential treatment for ccRCC through combined inhibition of both autophagy and HIF2α.
Nanoconfinement of ultra-small Bi2Te3 nanocrystals on reduced graphene oxide: a pathway to high-performance sodium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Cheng Zhuoying , Li Zhuo , Wang Yuao , Mao Yiyang , Yan Jun , Cao Dianxue , Zhu Kai 
Published: February 2024

A universal space-containment strategy is developed to synthesize ultra-small Bi2Te3 nanocrystals on reduced graphene oxides. The Bi2Te3/rGO composite material shows a significant Na+ storage behavior as anode materials.
Tetramethylpyrazine attenuates renal tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis in contrast-induced nephropathy by inhibiting transferrin receptor and intracellular reactive oxygen species
Authors: Zhu Zhongqiang , Li Jun , Song Zhiyong , Li Tonglu , Li Zongping , Gong Xuezhong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI). Recently, ferroptosis was reported to be crucial for AKI pathogenesis. Our previous studies indicated antioxidant tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) prevent CIN in vivo. However, whether ferroptosis is involved in TMP nephroprotective mechanism against CIN is unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of renal tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis in TMP reno-protective effect against CIN and the molecular mechanisms by which TMP regulates ferroptosis. Classical contrast-medium, Iohexol, was used to construct CIN models in rats and HK-2 cells. Results showed that tubular cell injury was accompanied by ferroptosis both in vivo and in vitro, including the typical features of ferroptosis, Fe2+ accumulation, lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Ferroptosis inhibition by classic inhibitors Fer-1 and DFO promoted cell viability and reduced intracellular ROS production. Additionally, TMP significantly inhibited renal dysfunction, reduced AKI biomarkers, prevented ROS production, inhibited renal Fe2+ accumulation and increased GPX4 expression. Expressions of various proteins associated with iron ion metabolism, including transferrin receptor (TFRC), divalent metal transporter 1, iron-responsive element binding protein 2, ferritin heavy chain 1, ferroportin 1, and heat shock factor binding protein 1, were examined using mechanistic analyses. Among these, TFRC changes were the most significant after TMP pretreatment. Results of siRNA knockdown and plasmid overexpression of TFRC indicated that TFRC is essential for TMP to alleviate ferroptosis and reduce LDH release, Fe2+ accumulation and intracellular ROS. Our findings provide crucial insights about the potential of TMP in treating AKI associated with ferroptosis.
Computational models as catalysts for investigating redoxin systems
Authors: Pillay Ché S. , Rohwer Johann M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Thioredoxin, glutaredoxin and peroxiredoxin systems play central roles in redox regulation, signaling and metabolism in cells. In these systems, reducing equivalents from NAD(P)H are transferred by coupled thiol-disulfide exchange reactions to redoxins which then reduce a wide array of targets. However, the characterization of redoxin activity has been unclear, with redoxins regarded as enzymes in some studies and redox metabolites in others. Consequently, redoxin activities have been quantified by enzyme kinetic parameters in vitro, and redox potentials or redox ratios within cells. By analyzing all the reactions within these systems, computational models showed that many kinetic properties attributed to redoxins were due to system-level effects. Models of cellular redoxin networks have also been used to estimate intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels, analyze redox signaling and couple omic and kinetic data to understand the regulation of these networks in disease. Computational modeling has emerged as a powerful complementary tool to traditional redoxin enzyme kinetic and cellular assays that integrates data from a number of sources into a single quantitative framework to accelerate the analysis of redoxin systems.
Development of the Digital Speech Assessment Instrument
Authors: Uberti Letícia Bitencourt , Keske-Soares Marcia , Pagliarin Karina Carlesso 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to develop a Digital Speech Assessment Instrument to evaluate the phonological and motor speech skills of Brazilian Portuguese–speaking children and adolescents through six tasks: (a) word naming, (b) word imitation, (c) pseudoword imitation, (d) word repetition, (e) pseudoword repetition, and (f) diadochokinesis.

Method:
The assessment instrument was developed and validated in a seven-step process, beginning with stimulus selection and ending with Pilot Study 1 (involving children and adolescents with typical speech development) and Pilot Study 2 (involving children and adolescents with speech sound disorders [SSDs]). Participants of the study included expert and nonexpert judges, children, and adolescents.

Results:
The Digital Speech Assessment Instrument contains 91 real words (61 in the naming task, 51 in the imitation task, and five in the repetition task), 26 pseudowords (26 in the imitation task and four in the repetition task), and six stimuli for diadochokinesis. The test contains stimuli in the form of images as well as audio and video recordings and allows for the analysis and storage of participant data in a virtual database.

Conclusions:
This study described the development of the Digital Speech Assessment Instrument, available in Brazilian Portuguese for the evaluation of several aspects of speech production (including word and pseudoword naming, imitation, and repetition and diadochokinesis). The test was developed for children aged 2;0 (years;months) to 17;11 and is administered fully online. In the future, the instrument can be used to provide a timely and accurate diagnosis of SSDs.
Quantification of finger grasps during activities of daily life using convolutional neural networks: A pilot study
Authors: Trejo Ramírez Manuela Paulina , Thornton Callum John , Evans Neil Darren , Chappell Michael John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractQuantifying finger kinematics can improve the authors’ understanding of finger function and facilitate the design of efficient prosthetic devices while also identifying movement disorders and assessing the impact of rehabilitation interventions. Here, the authors present a study that quantifies grasps depicted in taxonomies during selected Activities of Daily Living (ADL). A single participant held a series of standard objects using specific grasps which were used to train Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for each of the four fingers individually. The experiment also recorded hand manipulation of objects during ADL. Each set of ADL finger kinematic data was tested using the trained CNN, which identified and quantified the grasps required to accomplish each task. Certain grasps appeared more often depending on the finger studied, meaning that even though there are physiological interdependencies, fingers have a certain degree of autonomy in performing dexterity tasks. The identified and most frequent grasps agreed with the previously reported findings, but also highlighted that an individual might have specific dexterity needs which may vary with profession and age. The proposed method can be used to identify and quantify key grasps for finger/hand prostheses, to provide a more efficient solution that is practical in their day‐to‐day tasks.
Prediction Of Palmaris Longus Tendon Length And Thickness Through
Simple Anthropometric Measurements
Authors: Kilic Koray Kaya , Kose Ozkan , Egerci Omer Faruk , Dogruoz Firat , Aykanat Faruk 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to test whether palmaris longus tendon (PLT)
length and thickness can be predicted from simple anthropometric
measurements.
Materials and methods 120 healthy volunteers with bilateral PL muscles
were enrolled in this prospective study. PLT length and thickness were measured
by ultrasonographic examination. Anthropometric measurements included body
height, weight, forearm length, and wrist circumference. Correlation, linear
regression, and Bland-Altman plot were used for analysis.
Results The mean PLT length and thickness were 10.8±1.4 cm and
4.0±0.9 mm, respectively. Body height and PLT length had a moderate
positive correlation (r:0.407, p:0.001), and forearm length and PLT thickness
had a weak positive correlation (r:0.229, p:0.001). The regression analysis
showed that body height was the best predictor for PLT length, and forearm
length was the best predictor for PLT thickness. The regression equations were
as follows: PLT length=0.276+(0.062×height)
(r2=0.165, p<0.001) and PLT
thickness=1.373+(0.108×forearm length)
(r2=0.052, p<0.001). The predicted PLT lengths and thicknesses
were calculated using these regression formulas and compared with the actual
thicknesses and lengths using the Bland-Altman plot. The upper and lower limits
of agreement (95% CI) ranged from -2.54 cm to 2.51 cm for actual PLT
length and predicted PLT length and from -1.76 mm to 1.74 mm for actual PLT
thickness and predicted PLT thickness in the Bland-Altman plot with a weak
agreement and proportional bias.
Conclusions These findings indicate that height and forearm length have
limited accuracy in predicting PLT length and thickness. The preoperative
ultrasonographic examination can provide valuable assistance, particularly in
cases that require grafts with precise length and thickness requirements.
Resektionen der Trachealbifurkation
Authors: Lopez-Pastorini Alberto , Stoelben Erich 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Bifurkationsresektion wird in der Literatur übereinstimmend als einer der anspruchsvollsten thoraxchirurgischen Eingriffe beschrieben. Unter diesem Begriff werden verschiedene Eingriffe zusammengefasst, die abhängig von der zugrunde liegenden Erkrankung und ihrer Ausdehnung unterschiedliche Resektionsformen und Rekonstruktionstechniken erfordern. Aus chirurgischer Sicht sind vor allem die engen anatomischen Verhältnisse und die Technik der Rekonstruktion der zentralen Atemwege herausfordernd. Ein komplexes Atemwegsmanagement und eine aufwendige postoperative Nachsorge zeigen jedoch, dass diese Eingriffe über die chirurgische Expertise hinaus, die Leistung eines multidisziplinären Teams darstellen. Dieser Artikel widmet sich den wichtigsten prä-, intra- und postoperativen Aspekten dieser Eingriffe.
Wann funktioniert StäB (nicht)? Eine qualitative,
multiperspektivische Erhebung zu Faktoren, die den Erfolg einer
stationsäquivalenten Behandlung (StäB) beeinträchtigen
können
Authors: Lang Anne , Klocke Luisa , Menzel Susanne , Ketisch Eva , Brieger Peter , Hamann Johannes 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Es gibt immer wieder Fälle, in denen es zu
Abbrüchen einer bereits begonnen stationsäquivalenten Behandlung
kommt. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, ein besseres Verständnis
für die Ursachen von Abbrüchen einer bereits begonnen
stationsäquivalenten Behandlung zu erlangen.
Methoden Es wurden insgesamt 17 qualitative Interviews mit Patienten,
Angehörigen und Behandlern geführt. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte
mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse.
Ergebnisse Unsere Daten zeigen, dass es neben den formalen
Ausschlusskriterien für eine StäB weitere Einflussfaktoren gibt,
die eine stationsäquivalente Behandlung erschweren, verhindern oder zu
einem Abbruch führen.
Schlussfolgerungen Eine StäB ermöglicht vielen Patienten
eine intensive Behandlung im eigenen zuhause. Dennoch ergeben sich
unterschiedliche Konstellationen, die eine stationsäquivalente
Behandlung erschweren oder verhindern können.
Evidence-Based Dynamics in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Frautschi Russell , DeLeonibus Anthony , Totonchi Ali , Guyuron Bahman 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRhinoplasty is a delicate surgical procedure that requires a thorough understanding of the dynamic interplay between the various structures of the nose. Any changes made to one part of the nose can have downstream effects on the overall harmony and appearance of the nose. For this reason, it is crucial for surgeons to be aware of these potential impacts in order to achieve predictable and aesthetically pleasing results. In this article, we aim to provide a summary of the current evidence-based conclusions on the dynamic influence of the radix, dorsum, tip, and ala during rhinoplasty. By understanding the complex relationships between these structures, surgeons can make informed decisions and achieve the best possible outcomes for their patients.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Mono and α,α-Disubstituted 5- and 6-Membered α-Aza-lactams
Authors: Landa Aitor , Oiarbide Mikel , Palomo Claudio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFive- and six-membered cyclic amide structures with an embedded endocyclic α-aza group (α-aza-lactams) not only represent masked or protected forms of α-amino acids, but also form the core of other medicinally relevant compound families such as (thio)hydantoins and di(tri)ketopiperazines. In recent years, catalytic methods have been discovered to synthesize these molecular scaffolds, particularly those bearing an α-stereogenic tri- or tetrasubstituted carbon center, enantioselectively. The wide variety of methods and catalytic activation strategies that have been successfully applied to this end in a short period of years is notable. This short review covers the most significant, highlighting their differences and complementarities. The methods are organized according to the disconnection approach to the target α-aza-lactam structure, which in most cases is deeply bound to the type of catalysis applied.1	Introduction2	Catalyst-Controlled Cα–H Functionalization (Approach a)3	Decarboxylative α-AAA Reactions (Approach b)4	Cα–X Substitution Reactions (Approach c)5	De Novo Synthesis from Acyclic Precursors (Approach d)6	Hydrogenation of (Addition to) α-Alkyliden-α-aza-lactams (Approach e)7	Kinetic Resolution and Deracemization (Approach f)8	Conclusions