bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community health workers’ dissemination of COVID-19 information and services in the early pandemic response: A narrative review
Authors: Oliver Jane , Ferdinand Angeline , Kaufman Jessica , Allard Nicole , Danchin Margie , Gibney Katherine B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Community health workers (CHWs) had important roles mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in vulnerable communities. We described how CHWs supported the dissemination of COVID-19 information and services during the early pandemic response.
Methods
Online article searches were conducted across five scientific databases, with review article reference lists hand searched to identify grey/unpublished literature. Articles were included if they reported on a program that engaged CHWs and aimed to prevent/control COVID-19.
Results
Nineteen relevant programs were identified from 18 included articles. CHWs were widely engaged in the pandemic response, especially in low- and middle-income countries and in vulnerable communities. CHWs’ ability to effectively disseminate COVID-19 information/services was enabled by community trust and understanding community needs. CHWs were often underfunded and required to work in difficult conditions. Pre-existing services incorporating CHWs rapidly adapted to the new challenges brought by the pandemic.
Conclusions
We recommend establishing programs that employ CHWs to disseminate health information and services in communities at-risk of misinformation and poor health outcomes during non-pandemic times. CHWs are well-placed to deliver interventions should an infectious disease outbreak arise. Having pre-existing trusted relationships between CHWs and community members may help protect vulnerable groups, including when outbreaks occur.
Seismic Response Analysis of a Specific Pagoda in China
Authors: Li XiaoPeng , Mi Yuancheng , Li Hong , Zhou Zixiang , Wang Jia , Guo Zhongfa , Liu Dewen , Sun Weiwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The ancient pagoda is a vital component of China's traditional architectural culture and ranks as one of the treasures in the history of Chinese architecture. However, due to natural disasters and man-made damage, many ancient pagodas have been partially or completely destroyed. In this study, dynamic analysis under seismic loads was conducted using the ABAQUS finite element analysis software on a deteriorated ancient pagoda. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) was employed to reinforce the weakened sections with the aim of enhancing the pagoda's seismic resistance. The results of the analysis indicate that the pagoda is susceptible to further damage and potential collapse under seismic loads. Reinforcing the structure with CFRP material reduces structural stress and mitigates displacement peaks, thereby improving overall structural ductility and load-bearing capacity, effectively safeguarding the integrity of the pagoda.
Facile synthesis and fine morphological tuning of dendritic mesoporous silica&amp;titania nanospheres
Authors: Shu Yue , Tao Jianghui , Wang Yanni , Huang Liangzhu , Wang Yabin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In comparison with traditional mesoporous materials, dendritic mesoporous silica&titania nanospheres (DMSTNs) with three-dimensional central radial pore channels and multiscale pores have larger pore volume, higher specific surface area, and easier accessible surfaces, making them promising carrier platforms for the applications in catalysis, drug delivery, heavy metals adsorption, etc. In this study, DMSTNs have been manufactured by a one-pot co-condensation method using titanium(diisopropoxide) bis(2,4-pentanedionate) (TDA) as the titanium source. Their morphologies and structures have been finely tuned by TDA content, reaction temperature, stirring rate, solvents, and so forth. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been utilized to directly reveal their differences. Two typical kinds of DMSTNs synthesized at different temperatures have been compared, covering N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectrum, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRS), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), etc. XPS and Raman results testify that the chemical composition and architecture of these DMSTNs resemble those of titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) zeolite. The hydrogen yield and the corresponding rate of DMSTNs synthesized at 120 ℃ are 3.56 µmol·g-1 and 0.71 µmol·g-1·h-1, being about 2.99 times higher than those of DMSNs that solely own SiO2 in the skeleton. Nevertheless, DMSTNs synthesized at 70 ℃ possess a 10.08 µmol·g-1 yield and a 2.04 µmol·g-1·h-1 rate, nearly 8.47 times higher than those of DMSNs.
Functional apoptosis profiling reveals vulnerabilities in T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Shumilov Evgenii , Mazzeo Paolo , Trautmann Marcel , Aperdannier Lena , Menck Kerstin , Richter Katharina , Haase Detlef , Oberle Elena , Berning Philipp , Hartmann Wolfgang , Ströbel Philipp , Kerkhoff Andrea , Lenz Georg , Wulf Gerald , Koch Raphael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL) is a rare hematologic neoplasm characterized by clonal expansion of CD3+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and a highly heterogeneous clinical course. Conventional therapy primarily includes immunosuppressive regimen. However, optimal front-line approaches still need to be defined and refractory disease remains a clinical challenge. Thus, we here aimed to explore functional dependencies of T-LGL as a basis for personalized therapeutic strategies.
We performed functional apoptosis profiling and ex vivo drug treatment in a series of 6 clinically and genetically characterized T-LGL patients from two German University hospitals.
Our series of 6 patients underscored the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of the disease. Genetically, only 2 patients harbored a STAT3 mutation. To identify targetable anti-apoptotic mechanisms, we performed selective functional BH3 profiling on the patients’ T-LGL versus the same patients’ normal T-cells. T-LGL cells in 50% of the patients (3/6) demonstrated a dominant functional dependence on MCL-1 as compared to the same patients’ normal T-cells. Accordingly, T-LGL cells from patients with enhanced MCL1 dependence significantly responded to AZD-5991 ex vivo while no response was observed in the remaining samples lacking enhanced MCL-1 dependence.
Across clinically and genetically heterogeneous cases of T-LGL, functional apoptosis profiling identified patients with dominant dependence on MCL-1 and provided a basis for a targeted therapeutic approach.
Determination of Temporal Stability and Instrument Performance of an airborne QCLAS via Allan-Werle-plots
Authors: Röder Lenard L. , Ort Linda M. , Lelieveld Jos , Fischer Horst 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Allan-Werle-plots are an established tool in infrared absorption spectroscopy to quantify temporal stability, maximum integration time and best achievable precision of a measurement instrument. In field measurements aboard a moving platform, however, long integration times reduce time resolution and smooth atmospheric variability. A high accuracy and time resolution are necessary as well as an appropriate estimate of the measurement uncertainty. In this study, Allan-Werle-plots of calibration gas measurements are studied to analyze the temporal characteristics of a Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectrometer (QCLAS) instrument for airborne operation. Via least-squares fitting the individual noise contributions can be quantified and different dominant regimes can be identified. Through simulation of data according to the characteristics from the Allan-Werle-plot, the effects of selected intervals between in-flight calibrations can be analyzed. An interval of 30 min is found sufficient for successful drift correction during ground operation. The linear interpolation of the sensitivity increases the accuracy and lowers the measurement uncertainty from 1.1 % to 0.2 %. Airborne operation yields similar results during segments of stable flight but additional flicker and sinusoidal contributions. Simulations verify an appropriate interval of 30 min in airborne operation. The expected airborne measurement uncertainty is in the range 0.8 % to 2.4 %.
Family Accommodation and Separation Anxiety: The Moderating Role of Child Attachment
Authors: Weeks Gillian A. , Sakmar Elcin , Clark Taylar A. , Rose Anastasia M. , Silverman Wendy K. , Lebowitz Eli R. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Family accommodation, or changes in parental behavior aimed at avoiding or alleviating child anxiety-related distress, contributes to the severity of anxiety symptoms, and is most strongly associated with separation anxiety symptoms. This study examined whether child attachment security, characterized as the degree to which children perceive their parents to be reliable, available, and communicative, moderates the association between family accommodation and separation anxiety symptoms, and whether this moderator is specific to separation anxiety among other anxiety symptoms. In a sample of clinically anxious youth (N = 243, 6–12 yrs), family accommodation was significantly positively associated with separation anxiety symptoms across levels of attachment security. Family accommodation was more strongly associated with separation anxiety symptoms in children with lower attachment security compared with those with higher attachment security. No significant moderation effect emerged for other anxiety symptoms. Findings enhance understanding of the role of attachment within family accommodation of child anxiety.
Comparative Visual Performance of Ultraviolet Light-Filtering and Violet Light-Filtering Monofocal Intraocular Lenses of the Same Material and Basic Design
Authors: Tanabe Hirotaka , Tabuchi Hitoshi , Shojo Tomohiro , Yamauchi Tomofusa , Takase Kosuke 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We compared the visual performance of ultraviolet light-filtering (ZCB00, Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision) and violet light-filtering (ZCB00V, same manufacturer) monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) of the same material and basic design 10 weeks after the last surgery for implantation with bilateral lenses implanted ≤ 3 months apart in cataract patients treated between 2011 and 2020. The ZCB00 and ZCB00V groups comprised 904 eyes of 452 patients (72.3 ± 6.8 years; females/males, 268/184) and 1374 eyes of 687 patients (73.0 ± 7.4 years; female/male, 415/272), respectively. A linear mixed-effects model using the binocular data, with strict adjustments for sex, age, subjective refraction spherical equivalent, subjective refraction cylinder, corneal astigmatism, axial length, corneal higher-order aberrations, and pupil diameter, ensured statistical validity. Uncorrected intermediate/near visual acuity, corrected near visual acuity, and certain 25-item Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25) components (Role_Limitation, Mental_Health, Social_Function, Distance_Vision, Color_Vision) were slightly but significantly better in ZCB00 recipients (p < 0.05, Wald). In contrast, ZCB00V recipients had significantly better contrast sensitivity with glare (visual angle of target: 6.3°/4.0°/0.7°; p < 0.00068, Wald), slightly but significantly better contrast sensitivity without (4.0°/2.5°/1.6°) and with glare (2.5°/1.6°/1.0°), VFQ-25 General_Health scores, and near spectacle independence, and slightly but significantly smaller higher-order aberrations (internal, scaled to a 6-mm pupil; Wavefront_6_post_I_Trefoil) (p < 0.05, Wald).
Unlocking Nature's Secrets for Athletic Performance Excellence: Herbal Supplement Utilization Among Young Palestinian Soccer Athletes
Authors: Amer Faten , Alatrash Mahmoud 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
Herbal supplements have gained popularity among athletes and individuals engaged in sports who seek natural methods to enhance performance and well-being. This study offers unique insights into the diverse herbal supplement practices among athletes, particularly Palestinian soccer players, providing valuable perspectives on optimizing physical performance.
Methods:
In 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Bank of Palestine, with 155 participants, representing 64.58% of Palestinian soccer athletes. The research meticulously documented the herbal supplements used, including herb names, plant parts, preparation techniques, intended purposes, and information sources. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel, focusing on frequencies and percentages. Use values (UV) were computed to assess the relative importance of each herb species.
Results:
The study achieved a robust 93.94% response rate, with 144 athletes confirming herbal supplement usage. These athletes, primarily aged 18-25 (mean age 20.34), exhibited versatility in employing various techniques for supplement preparation and consumption. Information sources varied, with a reliance on traditional knowledge, advice from herbalists (known as "Attar" in Arabic), and emerging online trends. Athletes mainly turned to botanical supplements for enhancing physical endurance and strength, alleviating joint and muscle discomfort, and stimulating the central nervous system. Calculated use values underscored the significance of these practices within the Palestinian cultural context. A total of 1675 recommendations were recorded, with the top 10 recommended herbs, including ginseng, small nettle, olive, date, chili pepper, green tea, fenugreek, soy, coffee, and mate, receiving about 55% of all recommendations.
Conclusion: This ethnopharmacological study unveils herbal supplement practices among Palestinian soccer athletes, drawing from traditional knowledge and diverse information sources. It identifies the top 10 recommended herbs, offering practical insights for sports professionals and athletes. The study serves as a foundation for future ethnopharmacological research and underscores the importance of evaluating information sources. Further investigations in this domain are warranted.
Numerical simulation of water environment capacity from wet, normal, and dry years: taking the Luo River as an example
Authors: Wen Yihao , Wang Yao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Water pollution is a globally significant issue. Water environment simulation is an important tool to study water pollution. In order to investigate the impact of hydrological periods, water quality indicators and cross-sections on the water environment capacity, we took the Luo River in Luoyang City as an example, and used MIKE21-coupled hydrodynamic and water quality model and the segmentation method to calculate the water environment capacity of COD, TP, and NH3-N in wet, normal, and dry periods under L1 (Gao Yazhai-Lilou), L2 (Li Lou-Baimasi), and L3 (Baimasi-G207 Highway Bridge) section. The results of the study showed that from the hydrological period, the water environmental capacity was the largest in the wet period due to the dilution effect caused by higher precipitation; from the water quality indexes, the COD concentration was the largest due to industrial pollution, but the higher degradation coefficients result in the largest water environment capacity for COD; from the cross-section, L1 has the longest channel, thus the highest capacity of the water environment was L1. This result can broaden ideas for the application of the MIKE21 model, provide a basis for the calculation of the dynamic water environment capacity and water pollution control in the river.
Developing formal pit-latrine emptying businesses for hard-to-serve customers: resources, methods, and pricing structures
Authors: Wilcox Jonathan , Rutayisire Bruce , Kuria Nicholas , Evans Barbara , Bartram Jamie , Sklar Rachel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Rapidly increasing populations in informal settlements commonly use pit-latrines that require regular emptying. This study compares two emptying businesses from Kampala, Uganda and Kigali, Rwanda and identifies developments in formal services for hard-to-serve customers that are not accessible to large vehicles. Using observational and operational data shared by both businesses, we analyse the resources, methods, and tariffs used. Results indicate that although portable vacuum pumps are able to empty some facilities, fully manual methods are still required to empty thick sludge, deep pits, and weak structures in hard-to-serve areas. Manual emptying in Kampala which uses no mechanical equipment has the same overall duration as emptying using a portable vacuum pump in Kigali due to the additional time required to prepare, pack, and clean equipment. Effective municipal solid-waste management makes pit emptying faster at a lower cost. Some hard-to-serve customers require manual methods but increased costs are not affordable or equitable. This study highlights the opportunity for government and city authorities to support sanitation businesses by managing the tension between affordability, formalising services, and increasing uptake by recognising that manual emptying is required for some customers, and such higher regulatory standards can increase prices and prevent some customers from accessing formal services.
The hidden consequences of sea level rise: assessing vulnerability of buried infrastructure to groundwater inundation in American Samoa
Authors: Shuler Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

To island nations, sea level rise (SLR) is an existential threat. An insidious and often hidden consequence of SLR is groundwater inundation (GWI), which reduces the unsaturated zone causing flooding, enhanced corrosion, and reduced service life of buried utilities. In the Pacific, SLR may reach 0.6–2.5 m by the end of century, and on Tutuila, American Samoa (AS), apparent SLR is five times the global average, making adaptation planning critically important. This study addresses the climate impact-knowledge-gap regarding AS's infrastructure by combining a numerical groundwater model with buried and surface utility data to map where adaptation efforts should be prioritized. Rigorous studies of GWI are few, and this study is the first to model this phenomenon in the South Pacific. The model estimates that 70 km or 45% of the buried water, electrical, and sewer lines will be inundated, and 28% of present-day roads, 13.6% of buildings, and 20% of water-booster stations will be permanently flooded under a 2.4-m SLR scenario with projected recharge in 2100. These effects are often overlooked by or unknown to policy and decision makers; therefore, building awareness of GWI will help managers in AS and in other island communities to prioritize holistic adaptation actions.
A Generation Method of New Power System APT Attack Graph Based on DQN
Authors: Wang Zijia , Li Yuancheng 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The new power system is more vulnerable to Advanced Persistent Threat
(APT) than the traditional power system.

Objective:
This study aims to grasp the intent of the APT attack better; a new generation method of
power system APT attack graph based on DQN is proposed.

Methods:
First, the network topology of the new power system was extracted by Nessus scanning
as the model input. Secondly, the agent in DQN was trained for multiple rounds. Starting from the
set initial state, the agent selected the action with the highest Q value to act on the system in each
round, and then the system entered the next state. Then the Q network function value was updated
according to the obtained system feedback value until the target state appeared.

Results:
After multiple rounds of training agents, multiple APT attack paths were finally obtained,
thus an APT attack graph can be generated.

Conclusion:
The experimental results showed that the efficiency of generating an APT attack
graph based on the DQN method is obviously superior to the existing methods for the large-scale
industrial control system, such as the new power system.
User-Centered Design and Usability of a Culturally Adapted Virtual Survivorship Care App for Chinese Canadian Prostate Cancer Survivors: Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Young Karen , Xiong Ting , Lee Rachel , Banerjee Ananya Tina , Leslie Myles , Ko Wellam Yu , Pham Quynh 
Published: November 2023

Background
Cultural adaptations of digital health innovations are a growing field. However, digital health innovations can increase health inequities. While completing exploratory work for the cultural adaptation of the Ned Clinic virtual survivorship app, we identified structural considerations that provided a space to design digitally connected and collective care.

Objective
This study used a community-based participatory research and user-centered design process to develop a cultural adaptation of the Ned Clinic app while designing to intervene in structural inequities.

Methods
The design process included primary data collection and qualitative analysis to explore and distill design principles, an iterative design phase with a multidisciplinary team, and a final evaluation phase with participants throughout the design process as a form of member checking and validation.

Results
Participants indicated that they found the final adapted prototype to be acceptable, appropriate, and feasible for their use. The changes made to adapt the prototype were not specifically culturally Chinese. Instead, we identified ways to strengthen connections between the survivor and their providers; improve accessibility to resources; and honor participants’ desires for relationality, accountability, and care.

Conclusions
We grounded the use of user-centered design to develop a prototype design that supports the acts of caring through digital technology by identifying and designing to resist structures that create health inequities in the lives of this community of survivors. By designing for collective justice, we can provide accessible, feasible, and relational care with digital health through the application of Indigenous and Black feminist ways of being and knowing.