bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of antecedent statin use on 30-day, 60-day and 90-day mortality among Mississippi Medicaid beneficiaries diagnosed with COVID-19
Authors: Rong Yiran , Goswami Swarnali , Eriakha Omokhodion , Ramachandran Sujith , Bentley John , Banahan Benjamin F , Kirby Terri , Smith Dennis , Pittman Eric , Bhattacharya Kaustuv 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo assess if the antecedent statin use was associated with all-cause death among COVID-19 patients enrolled in Medicaid.DesignCohort study.SettingMississippi Medicaid population.ParticipantsThis study included 10 792 Mississippi Medicaid-enrolled patients between 18 and 64 years of age with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis from March 2020 to June 2021.InterventionAntecedent statin use, which was determined by a record of statin prescription in the 90-day period prior to the COVID diagnosis.Main outcome measuresThe outcomes of interest included mortality from all cause within 30 days, 60 days and 90 days after index.ResultsA total of 10 792 patients with COVID-19 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with 13.1% of them being antecedent statin users. Statin users were matched 1:1 with non-users based on age, sex, race, comorbidities and medication use by propensity score matching. In total, the matched cohort consisted of 1107 beneficiaries in each group. Multivariable logistic regression showed that statin users were less likely to die within 30 days (adjusted OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.83), 60 days (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.85) and 90 days (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.82) after diagnosis of COVID-19. Those with low-intensity/moderate-intensity statin use had significantly lower mortality risk in the 60-day and the 90-day follow-up period, while the high intensity of statin use was only found to be significantly associated with a lower odd of mortality within 30 days post index.ConclusionAfter COVID infection, Medicaid beneficiaries who had taken statins antecedently could be at lower risk for death. For patients with chronic conditions, continuity of care is crucial when interruptions occur in their medical care. Further research is required to further investigate the potential mechanisms and optimal use of statins in COVID-19 treatment.
Angiotensin II in liver transplantation (AngLT-1): protocol of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Bokoch Michael P , Tran Amy T , Brinson Erika L , Marcus Sivan G , Reddy Meghana , Sun Elizabeth , Roll Garrett R , Pardo Manuel , Fields Scott , Adelmann Dieter , Kothari Rishi P , Legrand Matthieu 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionCatecholamine vasopressors such as norepinephrine are the standard drugs used to maintain mean arterial pressure during liver transplantation. At high doses, catecholamines may impair organ perfusion. Angiotensin II is a peptide vasoconstrictor that may improve renal perfusion pressure and glomerular filtration rate, a haemodynamic profile that could reduce acute kidney injury. Angiotensin II is approved for vasodilatory shock but has not been rigorously evaluated for treatment of hypotension during liver transplantation. The objective is to assess the efficacy of angiotensin II as a second-line vasopressor infusion during liver transplantation. This trial will establish the efficacy of angiotensin II in decreasing the dose of norepinephrine to maintain adequate blood pressure. Completion of this study will allow design of a follow-up, multicentre trial powered to detect a reduction of organ injury in liver transplantation.Methods and analysisThis is a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. Eligible subjects are adults with a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Sodium Score ≥25 undergoing deceased donor liver transplantation. Subjects are randomised 1:1 to receive angiotensin II or saline placebo as the second-line vasopressor infusion. The study drug infusion is initiated on reaching a norepinephrine dose of 0.05 µg kg-1min-1and titrated per protocol. The primary outcome is the dose of norepinephrine required to maintain a mean arterial pressure ≥65 mm Hg. Secondary outcomes include vasopressin or epinephrine requirement and duration of hypotension. Safety outcomes include incidence of thromboembolism within 48 hours of the end of surgery and severe hypertension. An intention-to-treat analysis will be performed for all randomised subjects receiving the study drug. The total dose of norepinephrine will be compared between the two arms by a one-tailed Mann-Whitney U test.Ethics and disseminationThe trial protocol was approved by the local Institutional Review Board (#20–30948). Results will be posted on ClinicalTrials.gov and published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.govNCT04901169
Improving the longevity of intravenous cannulas in sick neonates admitted to NICU in a tertiary care centre: a quality improvement project
Authors: Vadapalli Sailusha , Valvi Chhaya , Nagpal Rema S , Dawre Rahul M , Kinikar Aarti A 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundNeonatal intravenous cannulation, especially in preterms, is more challenging than in children or adults. Placement of an intravenous cannula is painful and many cannulas need frequent changing due to complications. Each attempt at cannulation creates an entry for skin flora to cause systemic bacteraemia. This study was undertaken at a level III NICU. The team attempted to prolong the existing cannula longevity to reduce the frequency of intravenous cannulation thereby reducing handling and pain.ObjectivesTo improve the longevity of peripherally inserted intravenous cannula in sick neonates in NICU from the current 25.7 hours to 36 hours or more, over a span of 6 weeks.Materials and methodsThe quality improvement (QI) team comprised resident doctors and staff nurses. A fishbone analysis was used to identify factors that affected the longevity of intravenous cannulas. Five WHYs technique was used to identify the cause behind early cannula removal. Both techniques identified the fixation technique used at the study centre for target intervention. Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were planned to explore different fixation techniques to improve cannula longevity. The unpaired t-test and the χ2tests were applied to analyse statistical significance.ResultsWe achieved significant improvement in cannula longevity from 25.7 hours to 39.6 hours just by improving the fixation technique over 6 weeks with a p=0.0006.ConclusionsThe QI study was successful and is adopted for routine practice. Such initiatives would greatly impact babies in low-resource settings and in transit.
Interactional behaviour of analgesic drugs in aqueous solution of caffeine at different temperatures using multi-technique approach
Authors: Beri Aashima , Kant Rishi , Banipal T.S. 
Published: November 2023

Drug combination therapies have been a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance. However, unexpected drug–drug interaction may cause adverse reactions, which puts patients in danger. Keeping this in mind, the interactions between pain killers, paracetamol (PCM), and ibuprofen sodium with caffeine (CAF) have been studied. Apparent molar volumes ( V2,ϕ) and apparent molar isentropic compression ( Ks,2,ϕ) for analgesic drugs in aqueous (1, 2, 5, and 10 mmol·kg−1) CAF solutions have been determined from measured densities, ρ, and speeds of sound, u, respectively, at T = 288.15–318.15 K and at pressure p = 101.3 kPa. The results have also been interpreted in terms of various interactions occurring in the mixed solution. Calorimetrically determined negative values of ΔtrΔdil H0 indicate the exothermicity and thus the occurrence of energetically more favorable process. The hyperchromic shift (UV absorption) in the spectra of PCM in aqueous solution of CAF suggests the dominance of solute–cosolute interactions through the hydrophobic–hydrophobic/hydrophilic groups (1H NMR) of PCM + CAF system.
Investigating the expression of fertility-regulating LncRNAs in multiparous and uniparous Shal ewe's ovaries
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Shahram , Masoudi Ali Akbar 
Published: November 2023

Sheep is the primary source of animal protein in Iran. Birth type is one of the significant features that determine total meat output. Little is known about how long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) affect litter size. The purpose of this research is to investigate the DE–LncRNAs in ovarian tissue between multiparous and uniparous Shal ewes. Through bioinformatics analyses, LncRNAs with variable expression levels between ewes were discovered. Target genes were annotated using the DAVID database, and STRING and Cytoscape software were used to evaluate their interactions. The expression levels of 148 LncRNAs were different in the multiparous and uniparous ewe groups (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). Eight biological process terms, nine cellular component terms, 10 molecular function terms, and 38 KEGG pathways were significant (FDR < 0.05) in the GO analysis. One of the most significant processes impacting fertility is mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, followed by oocyte meiosis, gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling pathway, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, oxytocin signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway. ENSOARG00000025710, ENSOARG00000025667, ENSOARG00000026034, and ENSOARG00000026632 are LncRNAs that may affect litter size and fertility. The most crucial hub genes include MAPK1, BRD2, GAK, RAP1B, FGF2, RAP1B, and RAP1B. We hope that this study will encourage researchers to further investigate the effect of LncRNAs on fertility.
Systematics of yields of strange hadrons from heavy-ion collisions around threshold energies
Authors: Piasecki K. , Piotrowski P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe parametrizations of experimental yields of K$$^{\pm ,0}$$

±
,
0

, $$\phi $$
ϕ
and $$\Lambda +\Sigma ^0$$

Λ
+

Σ
0

are proposed as function of available energy, $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}$$

s
NN

, and number of participants, $$\langle A_{\textrm{part}} \rangle _{\textrm{b}}$$

⟨

A
part

⟩

b

, for $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}$$

s
NN

from 2.15 to 3 GeV. For all the dataset the $$\langle A_{\textrm{part}} \rangle _{\textrm{b}}$$

⟨

A
part

⟩

b

was extracted using the Glauber Monte Carlo method. The $$\alpha $$
α
exponent of yield dependency on $$\langle A_{\textrm{part}} \rangle _{\textrm{b}}$$

⟨

A
part

⟩

b

appears not to change with beam energy and is found to be 1.30 ± 0.02. Our parametrization and the predictions of public versions of RQMD.RMF, SMASH and UrQMD transport models are compared to the HADES experimental data for Ar+KCl at $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}$$

s
NN

of 2.61 GeV. The phenomenological parametrization currently offers the best overall description of these yields. Predictions are given for yields from Ag + Ag collisions at available energies of 2.41 and 2.55 GeV, analysed by HADES, Au + Au experiment at 2.16 and 2.24 GeV planned by this collaboration, some yields for STAR’s Au + Au collisions at 3 GeV, and for Au + Au collisions planned by CBM, up to 3.85 GeV.
Effect of external magnetic fields on practical quantum random number generator
Authors: Li Yuan-Hao , Fei Yang-Yang , Wang Wei-Long , Meng Xiang-Dong , Wang Hong , Duan Qian-Heng , Han Yu , Ma Zhi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuantum random number generator (QRNG) based on the inherent randomness of fundamental quantum processes can provide provable true random numbers which play an important role in many fields. However, the security of practical QRNGs is linked to the performance of realistic devices. In particular, devices based on the Faraday effect in a QRNG system may be affected by external magnetic fields, which will inevitably open a loophole that an eavesdropper can exploit to steal the information of generated random numbers. In this work, the effects of external magnetic fields on the security of practical QRNGs are analyzed. Taking the quantum phase fluctuation based QRNG with unbalanced Michelson interferometer as an example, we experimentally demonstrate the rotation angle of the Faraday rotation mirror (FRM) is influenced by external magnetic fields. Then, we develop a theoretical model between the rotation angle deviation of FRM and conditional min-entropy. Simulation results show that the imperfect FRM leads to a reduction in the variance of measured signal and extractable randomness. Furthermore, the impacts of practical sampling device on the extractable randomness are analyzed in the presence of imperfect FRM, which indicates suitable parameters of the sampling device can improve the security of practical QRNGs. Potential countermeasures are also proposed. Our work reveals that external magnetic fields should be carefully considered in the application of practical QRNGs.
An Integrated Feature Extraction Based on Principal Components and Deep Auto Encoder with Extra Tree for Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Mallampati Seshu Bhavani , Seetha Hari 
Published: November 2023

With advances in computer network technology, the Internet has become an integral part of our daily lives. It goes without saying that providing security to network data is crucial. To this effect, the intrusion detection system (IDS) is vital for defending networks against cyberattacks. However, the high dimensionality of data is a significant issue that impacts categorisation accuracy. Therefore, we proposed a novel integrated feature extraction method called PC-UDAE that uses principal component analysis (PCA) and Unsupervised Deep Autoencoder (UDAE) to extract linear and nonlinear relationships. Also, to address the class imbalance, synthetic minority class samples are generated using the combination of Synthetic Minority Over Sampling Technique and Edited Nearest Neighbour (SMOTE-ENN). Finally, the extracted features are trained by using supervised machine learning models like Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting Machine (XGBM), Decision Tree (DT), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), Extra Tree (ET), Support Vector Machine (SVM), AdaBoost (AB), and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) with the original imbalanced and balanced data. We analysed our suggested model using UNSW-NB 15, NSL-KDD, Ton-IoT data sets and obtained 98.85%, 99.59%, and 99.97% accuracy, respectively. Our experimental findings show that our proposed method outperformed all other competing methods.
A Phase I Study of the CDK4/6 Inhibitor Palbociclib in Combination with Cetuximab and Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ngamphaiboon Nuttapong , Pattaranutaporn Poompis , Lukerak Somthawin , Siripoon Teerada , Jinawath Artit , Arsa Lalida , Shantavasinkul Prapimporn Ch. , Taonam Naphat , Trachu Narumol , Jinawath Natini , Kositwattanarerk Arpakorn , Sananmuang Thiparom , Jiarpinitnun Chuleeporn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Palbociclib, a cyclin D kinase 4 (CDK4)/6 inhibitor, has shown radiosensitizing effects in preclinical studies. There is a strong rationale for adding palbociclib to cetuximab and radiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC), especially in p16-negative HNSCC.

Patients and Methods:
We conducted a phase I dose-escalation study (NCT03024489) using a classical 3+3 design to determine safety, tolerability, and MTD of palbociclib, cetuximab, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combination. At the recommended phase II dose (RP2D), additional p16-negative patients were enrolled.

Results:
Twenty-seven patients with LA-HNSCC (13 in dose escalation, 14 in expansion) with oropharyngeal (41%) and hypopharyngeal (30%) cancers were enrolled. The MTD was not reached, and the RP2D of palbociclib was established at the full standard palbociclib dose of 125 mg/day for 21 days per cycle, administered for two cycles during IMRT. The most common grade 3–4 toxicities were mucositis (59%), radiation dermatitis (22%), and neutropenia (22%), with a febrile neutropenia rate of 7%. Common genomic alterations included mutations in TP53 (57%), GNAQ (35%), and PIK3CA (17%), and copy-number gains in CCND1 (22%), CCND2 (9%), and EGFR (9%). Overall, p16 expression was positive in 15% of patients. No correlation was observed between p16 status, genomic alterations, and preliminary efficacy. The objective response rate was 84%. The rates for 2-year locoregional control, event-free survival, and overall survival were 73%, 48%, and 71%, respectively.

Conclusions:
The palbociclib, cetuximab, and IMRT combination was well tolerated. The RP2D was established, while no MTD was determined. The regimen demonstrated promising preliminary efficacy, suggesting further investigation is warranted in patients with cisplatin-ineligible p16/human papilloma virus–unrelated LA-HNSCC.
Exploiting Iron Metabolism as a Therapeutic Vulnerability in Glioblastoma
Authors: Nabavizadeh Ali , Bagley Stephen J. 
Published: November 2023

Summary
In this CCR Translations, we discuss pharmacologic ascorbate as a novel therapeutic for glioblastoma (GBM). Aberrant iron metabolism in GBM can be assessed noninvasively by MRI and exploited to potentially improve the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. We contextualize the study's results and discuss the next steps to further develop this paradigm.
See related article by Petronek et al., p. 283
Product Attributes of CAR T-cell Therapy Differentially Associate with Efficacy and Toxicity in Second-line Large B-cell Lymphoma (ZUMA-7)
Authors: Filosto Simone , Vardhanabhuti Saran , Canales Miguel A. , Poiré Xavier , Lekakis Lazaros J. , de Vos Sven , Portell Craig A. , Wang Zixing , To Christina , Schupp Marco , Poddar Soumya , Trinh Tan , Warren Carmen M. , Aguilar Ethan G. , Budka Justin , Cheng Paul , Chou Justin , Bot Adrian , Shen Rhine R. , Westin Jason R. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Treatment resistance and toxicities remain a risk following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Herein, we report pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and product and apheresis attributes associated with outcomes among patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) in ZUMA-7. Axi-cel peak expansion associated with clinical response and toxicity, but not response durability. In apheresis material and final product, a naive T-cell phenotype (CCR7+CD45RA+) expressing CD27 and CD28 associated with improved response durability, event-free survival, progression-free survival, and a lower number of prior therapies. This phenotype was not associated with high-grade cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or neurologic events. Higher baseline and postinfusion levels of serum inflammatory markers associated with differentiated/effector products, reduced efficacy, and increased CRS and neurologic events, thus suggesting targets for intervention. These data support better outcomes with earlier CAR T-cell intervention and may improve patient care by informing on predictive biomarkers and development of next-generation products.

Significance:
In ZUMA-7, the largest randomized CAR T-cell trial in LBCL, a naive T-cell product phenotype (CCR7+CD45RA+) expressing CD27 and CD28 associated with improved efficacy, decreased toxicity, and a lower number of prior therapies, supporting earlier intervention with CAR T-cell therapy. In addition, targets for improvement of therapeutic index are proposed.
This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 4
High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Enhances Preeclampsia Prediction Beyond Maternal Factors and the sFlt-1/PlGF Ratio
Authors: Bacmeister Lucas , Goßling Alina , Buellesbach Annette , Birukov Anna , Myers Jenny E. , Thomas Susan T. , Lee Stacy , Andersen Marianne S. , Jorgensen Jan S. , Diemert Anke , Blois Sandra M. , Arck Petra C. , Hecher Kurt , Herse Florian , Blankenberg Stefan , Dechend Ralf , Westermann Dirk , Zeller Tanja 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Preeclampsia shares numerous risk factors with cardiovascular diseases. Here, we aimed to assess the potential utility of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) values during pregnancy in predicting preeclampsia occurrence.

METHODS:
This study measured hs-cTnI levels in 3721 blood samples of 2245 pregnant women from 4 international, prospective cohorts. Three analytical approaches were used: (1) a cross-sectional analysis of all women using a single blood sample, (2) a longitudinal analysis of hs-cTnI trajectories in women with multiple samples, and (3) analyses of prediction models incorporating hs-cTnI, maternal factors, and the sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1)/PlGF (placental growth factor) ratio.

RESULTS:

Women with hs-cTnI levels in the upper quarter had higher odds ratios for preeclampsia occurrence compared with women with levels in the lower quarter. Associations were driven by preterm preeclampsia (odds ratio, 5.78 [95% CI, 2.73–12.26]) and remained significant when using hs-cTnI as a continuous variable adjusted for confounders. Between-trimester hs-cTnI trajectories were independent of subsequent preeclampsia occurrence. A prediction model incorporating a practical hs-cTnI level of detection cutoff (≥1.9 pg/mL) alongside maternal factors provided comparable performance with the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. A comprehensive model including sFlt-1/PlGF, maternal factors, and hs-cTnI provided added value (cross-validated area under the receiver operator characteristic, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.73–0.82]) above the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio alone (cross-validated area under the receiver operator characteristic, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.65–0.76];
P
=0.027). As assessed by likelihood ratio tests, the addition of hs-cTnI to each prediction model significantly improved the respective prediction model not incorporating hs-cTnI, particularly for preterm preeclampsia. Net reclassification improvement analyses indicated that incorporating hs-cTnI improved risk prediction predominantly by correctly reclassifying women with subsequent preeclampsia occurrence.

CONCLUSIONS:
These exploratory findings uncover a potential role for hs-cTnI as a complementary biomarker in the prediction of preeclampsia. After validation in prospective studies, hs-cTnI, alongside maternal factors, may either be considered as a substitute for angiogenic biomarkers in health care systems where they are sparce or unavailable, or as an enhancement to established prediction models using angiogenic markers.