bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambulance use and emergency department visits among people with dementia: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Nasu Katsumi , Miyashita Mitsunori , Hirooka Kayo , Endo Takuro , Fukahori Hiroki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to explore factors associated with ambulance use and emergency department (ED) visits among people with dementia in the month before death. A web‐based survey of bereaved family caregivers of people with dementia was conducted in March 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted with ambulance use and ED visits in the month before death as dependent variables. Age and gender of people with dementia and their family caregivers, home care use, decision‐makers, comorbidities, degree of independence in daily living, and caregivers' preparedness for death were independent variables. Data were collected from 817 caregivers of people with dementia who had died at hospitals (52.4%), long‐term care facilities (25.0%), or own homes (22.4%). Caregivers' lack of preparedness for death was significantly associated with ambulance use in the month before death. Comorbidites and males with dementia were significantly associated with ED visits in the month before death. Better death preparedness of family caregivers may reduce ambulance use for symptoms that can be more effectively addressed by palliative care than acute care for people with dementia.
Increasing the depth of vestibular sulcus using a disposable IV infusion set tube in apically positioned flap surgery: A technical note
Authors: Bayar Gurkan Rasit , Sezer Selim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimIn this technical note, it was aimed to provide an appropriate retention, better stability and function for our patient's denture by the technique applied newly.Materials and MethodsThe authors offer a new and effective method using a part of disposable IV infusion set tube and single mini titanium screw stabilizing of apically positioned flap in order to secure vestibule sulcus depth gained.Results and ConclusionOne‐year follow‐up of our patient showed that our technique provided a consistent and predictable increase in attached gingival width and could be used successfully in the treatment of insufficient vestibular depth cases.
Risk stratification of extravasation during semi‐automatic intraosseous device use in a pediatric emergency setting
Authors: Sasaoka Yuta , Mori Takaaki , Takei Hirokazu , Hagiwara Yusuke , Nomura Osamu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe semi‐automatic intraosseous device (EZ‐IO®) is useful for safely securing intraosseous access. There are some complications associated with its use but few studies have examined the risk factors. The present study aimed to investigate the risk factors for extravasation as a complication of EZ‐IO use in pediatric patients.MethodsThis study is a secondary analysis of a previous, monocentric, retrospective study conducted in Japan describing the use of EZ‐IO in a pediatric emergency department. The patients included in the study were younger than 16 years of age with EZ‐IO use at the Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center between January, 2013 and August, 2018. The factors analyzed included demographic information (sex, age, weight), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), diagnosis, bolus infusion, and lidocaine use. The primary endpoint was the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for extravasation incidence.ResultsSeventy‐two patients were enrolled; 14 of these had extravasation, 39 (54.2%) had a diagnosis of cardiac arrest, and 50 (69.4%) had a GCS score of 8 or less. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the group with a high GCS score was significantly associated with extravasation: GCS (<13) versus GCS (13≦) (OR: 12.25; 95% CI: 2.54–59.15; p < 0.01), GCS (<8) versus GCS (8≦) (OR: 4.78; 95% CI: 1.34–17.01; p = 0.03).ConclusionsA high GCS score was associated with extravasation in EZ‐IO use significantly more often than a low GCS score. No significant difference was found in the other endpoints.
Expansion of natural infection of Japanese larch by Phytophthora ramorum shows trends associated with seasonality and climate
Authors: Dun Heather F. , MacKay John J. , Green Sarah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhytophthora ramorum is an invasive oomycete pathogen that has been causing significant mortality of larch trees (Larix spp.) in the United Kingdom since 2009. This is the first multiyear study of the natural infection processes of P. ramorum on Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) and the factors influencing disease progression. Field surveys in south‐west Scotland, which suffered an extensive epidemic in 2012 from a highly virulent new lineage (EU2), allowed detailed examination of how P. ramorum infects individual trees and spreads across a site over an extended time period. A marked expansion of the disease in spring 2018 allowed us to consider how environmental conditions influence outbreaks, with summer precipitation and spring storms found to be significant factors. Field observations revealed that buds on fine shoots appeared to be the primary infection sites with infection occurring between late autumn and spring, and rapid lesion extension during flushing. Infection and spread of P. ramorum were not consistent within or between sites and it is likely that site‐specific factors influence the spread of infection and subsequent mortality. The climatic conditions identified in this study could help predict future disease expansions and inform the development of management strategies for larch in the UK.
The five aspects mealtime environment observation instrument for assessing mealtime environments in nursing homes: Development and validation
Authors: Nielsen Magdalena , Persson Carina , Werkander Harstäde Carina , Sandgren Anna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo further develop and validate the Mealtime instrument, an observational instrument for assessing mealtime environments in nursing homes originating from the theoretical framework: Five Aspects Meal Model (FAMM).Methodological Design and JustificationA mealtime experience is significant for a sense of well‐being. In nursing homes, residents' personal preferences, combined with their diagnoses and different stages of illness, influence their mealtime experience and provide a complexity that has been found difficult to assess. Using FAMM, a theoretical framework as its base, this study, attempts to look at different parts of the mealtime environment. FAMM structures the mealtime environment in to five aspects: room, meeting, product, management control system and atmosphere.This study's design includes instrument development and validation.Ethical Issues and ApprovalThis study has been approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (dnr 2019–05477).DesignMethodological study.Research MethodAn existing instrument, the Mealtime instrument with FAMM as a theoretical framework, was used as a foundation for the development of the Five Aspects Mealtime Environment Observation Instrument (FAME‐OI). Content validity index (CVI) was used to validate FAME‐OI.ResultsFAME‐OI's item‐CVI, scale‐CVI and modified Kappa displayed high validity. Changes were made in its structure and phrasing. These developments resulted in having a distinct structure in FAME‐OI, in reference to FAMM.ConclusionFAME‐OI is applicable for clinical use in nursing homes and in research; however, adjustments may be needed before its use in other health care facilities.
BCG infection dose guides dendritic cell migration and T cell priming in the draining lymph node
Authors: Krmeská Veronika , Shen Lei , Nylén Susanne , Wowk Pryscilla Fanini , Rothfuchs Antonio Gigliotti 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn contrast to delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) and other hallmark reactions of cell‐mediated immunity that correlate with vaccine‐mediated protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the contribution of vaccine dose on responses that emerge early after infection in the skin with Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is not well understood. We used a mouse model of BCG skin infection to study the effect of BCG dose on the relocation of skin Dendritic cells (DCs) to draining lymph node (DLN). Mycobacterium antigen 85B‐specific CD4+ P25 T cell‐receptor transgenic (P25 TCRTg) cells were used to probe priming to BCG in DLN. DC migration and T cell priming were studied across BCG inocula that varied up to 100‐fold (104 to 106 Colony‐forming units—CFUs). In line with earlier results in guinea pigs, DTH reaction in our model correlated with BCG dose. Importantly, priming of P25 TCRTg cells in DLN also escalated in a dose‐dependent manner, peaking at day 6 after infection. Similar dose‐escalation effects were seen for DC migration from infected skin and the accompanying transport of BCG to the DLN. BCG‐triggered upregulation of co‐stimulatory molecules on migratory DCs was restricted to the first 24 hour after infection and was independent of BCG dose over a 10‐fold range (105 to 106 CFUs). The dose seemed to be a determinant of the number of total skin DCs that move to the DLN. In summary, our results support the use of higher BCG doses to detect robust DC migration and T cell priming.
A review of the short‐term implications of discrete, episodic incivility
Authors: Woolum Andrew , Foulk Trevor , Erez Amir 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMost of the work pertaining to incivility has approached the topic as if incivility were a chronic, ambient environmental factor in organizations—wearing people down and making them more vulnerable to future incidents. From this perspective, it is the frequency of encounters with incivility over a significant period of time that matters, and a single, isolated exposure to incivility does not merit much concern. To the contrary, isolated encounters with incivility can result in serious, negative consequences for individuals and organizations. In this review, we highlight research that focuses on incivility as discrete or episodic events and discuss findings as they relate to affect, cognition, and behavior. Throughout the review, we offer insight into the possible pathways by which incivility affects individuals and review various interventions aimed at diminishing the effects of incivility in the workplace. Lastly, we discuss research opportunities where additional investigations are needed to advance the field of incivility.
Ultrahigh‐Speed Fixed Broadband and Rural Development
Authors: Arronte Ledo Andrés , Holl Adelheid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study the relationship between ultrahigh‐speed broadband coverage (≥100 Mbps) and population change in rural areas. Our goal is to determine whether improved telecommunications infrastructure can help to mitigate rural de‐population. The study focuses on Spain during the years 2013–20, a period when most of the country's broadband network was deployed. We use instrumental variable estimation to test for a causal link between ultrahigh‐speed broadband provision and rural population change. Although the data show a positive correlation between an increase in local ultrahigh‐speed broadband coverage and local population growth, after accounting for potential confounding factors and endogeneity, we find no evidence of a causal effect.
Factors related to the development of high antibody titres against SARS‐CoV‐2 in convalescent plasma donors from the ConPlas‐19 trial
Authors: Romera Martínez Irene , Avendaño‐Solá Cristina , Villegas Da Ros Carolina , Bosch Llobet Alba , García Erce José Antonio , González Fraile María Isabel , Guerra Domínguez Luisa , Vicuña Andrés Isabel , Anguita Velasco Javier , González Rodríguez Victoria Paz , Contreras Enric , Urcelay Uranga Sabin , Pajares Herraiz Ángel Luis , Jimenez‐Marco Teresa , Ojea Pérez Ana María , Arroyo Rodríguez José Luis , Pérez‐Olmeda Mayte , Ramos‐Martínez Antonio , Velasco‐Iglesias Ana , Bueno Cabrera José Luis , Duarte Rafael F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe efficacy of COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CP) associates with high titres of antibodies. ConPlas‐19 clinical trial showed that CP reduces the risk of progression to severe COVID‐19 at 28 days. Here, we aim to study ConPlas‐19 donors and characteristics that associate with high anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody levels.Materials and MethodsFour‐hundred donors were enrolled in ConPlas‐19. The presence and titres of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies were evaluated by EUROIMMUN anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S1 IgG ELISA.ResultsA majority of 80.3% of ConPlas‐19 donor candidates had positive EUROIMMUN test results (ratio ≥1.1), and of these, 51.4% had high antibody titres (ratio ≥3.5). Antibody levels decline over time, but nevertheless, out of 37 donors tested for an intended second CP donation, over 90% were still EUROIMMUN positive, and nearly 75% of those with high titres maintained high titres in the second sample. Donors with a greater probability of developing high titres of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies include those older than 40 years of age (RR 2.06; 95% CI 1.24–3.42), with more than 7 days of COVID‐19 symptoms (RR 1.89; 95% CI 1.05–3.43) and collected within 4 months from infection (RR 2.61; 95% CI 1.16–5.90). Male donors had a trend towards higher titres compared with women (RR 1.67; 95% CI 0.91–3.06).ConclusionSARS‐CoV‐2 CP candidate donors' age, duration of COVID‐19 symptoms and time from infection to donation associate with the collection of CP with high antibody levels. Beyond COVID‐19, these data are relevant to inform decisions to optimize the CP donor selection process in potential future outbreaks.
Exploration of Informal Space Production and Its Potential for Sustainable Urban Planning: A Case Study of Community Gardens in Piura, Peru
Authors: Schroeder Stella 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The complexity of urbanization is a significant obstacle to sustainable planning policies and strategies, particularly concerning the growth of informal spaces in developing countries. Occupying or appropriating such urban spaces gives these areas new functions. Building upon previous research, this study illustrates the spatial properties and explains the motivation for production in informal spaces for gardening and plant cultivation. Additionally, this paper considers activities conducted related to their use and utilization patterns. Moreover, the work evaluates the positive impact of the informal gardens and supports requirements for their maintenance or improvement. Additionally, the study discusses how using public space for gardening can contribute to sustainable urban planning strategies and their alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study applies a quantitative and qualitative approach, combining a questionnaire, participant observations, plot mapping, and photographs, drawing on empirical evidence from Piura, Peru, to comprehensively depict various processes at this site. The field analysis illustrates why people transform such spaces and these areas’ uses, highlighting the potential benefits of enhancing the ecological knowledge of urban dwellers. This process cultivates an appreciation for the role of urban gardens in promoting sustainability and improving quality of life. The work examines the role that the informal use of public space can play in urban planning and development strategies. Consequently, planners, committed to social justice, can use these processes as a roadmap for constructing a more inclusive, responsive, and equitable city.
“What Have I Learned … ” and How Did I Get There? Reflection on a Research Journey
Authors: Taks Marijke 
Published: November 2023

Receiving a lifetime award allows one to pause and reflect on one’s research journey. In the spirit of Earle Zeigler himself, I reflect on: “What I have learned … ” on my research journey, and more specifically on how I got there. My research has always focused on the interaction between sport, economics, and society and evolved: “From socio-economic impacts on sport participation to socio-economic outcomes of sport events.” To cover 40 years of research, I am highlighting how: (a) “triggers,” (b) “influencers,” and (c) “lessons learned” intermingled to push my research agenda forward. This reflection proved to be a very gratifying exercise. I can highly recommend it to all researchers. Perhaps, this can become a stepping stone to be promoted to the rank of Prof. Emeritus or Emerita. Either way, sharing our experiences may trigger, inspire, and advance the learning of future generations of sport management scholars.
Cell cycle-coordinated maintenance of the
Vibrio
bipartite genome
Authors: Niault Théophile , Czarnecki Jakub , Lambérioux Morgan , Mazel Didier , Val Marie-Eve 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

To preserve the integrity of their genome, bacteria rely on several genome maintenance mechanisms that are co-ordinated with the cell cycle. All members of the
Vibrio
family have a bipartite genome consisting of a primary chromosome (Chr1) homologous to the single chromosome of other bacteria such as
Escherichia coli
and a secondary chromosome (Chr2) acquired by a common ancestor as a plasmid. In this review, we present our current understanding of genome maintenance in
Vibrio cholerae
, which is the best-studied model for bacteria with multi-partite genomes. After a brief overview on the diversity of
Vibrio
genomic architecture, we describe the specific, common, and co-ordinated mechanisms that control the replication and segregation of the two chromosomes of
V. cholerae
. Particular attention is given to the unique checkpoint mechanism that synchronizes Chr1 and Chr2 replication.
Next-generation sequencing for cytomegalovirus genotypic antiviral resistance testing
Authors: Mostafa Heba H. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Sanger-based sequencing has long served as the gold standard for detecting cytomegalovirus (CMV) resistance mutations. However, next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers a highly multiplexed and sensitive approach. Clinical implementation of NGS-antiviral resistance testing requires thorough validation. In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Microbiology, M. A. Mallory, W. C. Hymas, K. E. Simmon, M. T. Pyne, et al. (J Clin Microbiol 61:e00829-23, 2023,
https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00829-23
) detail a validation of a targeted NGS-based assay for multiple genomic regions that confer resistance to CMV antivirals and share their bioinformatics analysis and reporting pipeline. This validation can serve as guidance for laboratories wishing to develop similar methodologies.
A viral lncRNA tethers HSV-1 genomes at the nuclear periphery to establish viral latency
Authors: Grams Tristan R. , Edwards Terri G. , Bloom David C. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) produces a long noncoding RNA, the latency-associated transcript (LAT), that mediates silencing of the virus in neurons through unknown mechanisms. Here, we show that the LAT binds both the cellular transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43) and HSV-1 genomes in human neurons. Additionally, loss of TMEM43 prior to infection results in a decreased ability of the virus to establish latency, mirroring phenotypes of LAT promoter mutant viruses which are also defective in establishing latency. These data support a unique mechanism whereby the LAT binds TMEM43 and the HSV genome to localize HSV-1 genomes to the nuclear periphery to repress lytic viral transcription and establish viral latency and suggests that TMEM43 may play a similar role in regulating cellular genes.

IMPORTANCE
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong latency in neuronal cells. Following a stressor, the virus reactivates from latency, virus is shed at the periphery and recurrent disease can occur. During latency, the viral lncRNA termed the latency-associated transcript (LAT) is known to accumulate to high abundance. The LAT is known to impact many aspects of latency though the molecular events involved are not well understood. Here, we utilized a human neuronal cell line model of HSV latency and reactivation (LUHMES) to identify the molecular-binding partners of the LAT during latency. We found that the LAT binds to both the cellular protein, TMEM43, and HSV-1 genomes in LUHMES cells. Additionally, we find that knockdown of TMEM43 prior to infection results in a decreased ability of HSV-1 to establish latency. This work highlights a potential mechanism for how the LAT facilitates the establishment of HSV-1 latency in human neurons.
Genome sequence of
Microbacterium foliorum
bacteriophage DumpQuist isolated from soil in Clarksville, Tennessee
Authors: Markov Sergei A. , Olusoga Kehinde O. , Oni Patience O. , Henderson Grace A. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Bacteriophage DumpQuist was isolated from soil collected in Clarksville, TN, using the bacterium
Microbacterium foliorum
. Electron microscopy revealed that DumpQuist has a podovirus morphology. DumpQuist has a 53,924-bp genome that contains 54 predicted protein-coding genes and is most similar to phages in actinobacteriophage cluster EK1.
Biogeomorphic processes, spatial heterogeneity, and river corridor resilience to stand-killing wildfire
Authors: Wohl Ellen , Marshall Anna , Scamardo* Julianne , Rathburn Sara 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We used field-based case studies to examine how spatial heterogeneity influences the response of river corridors to changes in water and sediment fluxes after wildfire. Spatial heterogeneity describes the degree to which a river corridor differs from a spatially uniform feature. Biogeomorphic processes, especially those that involve beaver (Castor canadensis) dams and large wood in the channel and floodplain, both influence and respond to spatial heterogeneity. These feedbacks can in turn strongly influence the degree to which a river corridor is resistant, resilient, or sensitive (RRS) to wildfires. A resistant system experiences little change in process or form following a disturbance. A resilient system absorbs disturbances without diminishing or changing process or form. A sensitive system undergoes persistent change following disturbance. Just as spatial heterogeneity can be characterized with respect to different spatial scales in a river network or river corridor, so different components of a river corridor can vary in their response to disturbance. Consequently, spatial scale and the specific process or landform under consideration will strongly influence designation of RRS. We drew two inferences from the case studies: (1) Reach-scale details of spatial heterogeneity and biogeomorphic feedbacks can be important in determining both reach-scale and network-scale responses to major disturbances such as wildfire, and (2) because of the potential for biogeomorphic feedbacks that either attenuate or exacerbate postfire inputs to river corridors, protecting and fostering reach-scale spatial heterogeneity and the biota involved in biogeomorphic feedbacks can increase river network resilience to wildfire.
Acute surgical treatment of peroneus longus avulsion fracture of the first metatarsal base
Authors: Srirangarajan Thananjeyen , Massa Edward , Kurar Langhit , Abbasian Ali 
Published: November 2023

Acute avulsion fracture of the base of the first metatarsal is a rare occurrence, caused by an eccentric contraction of the peroneus longus tendon insertion. A number of case reports have been published outlining various treatment strategies for treating this rare injury. Management plans range from conservative to operative options and include both acute and delayed operative treatments.We present our operative management strategy of an acute avulsion fracture of the base of the first metatarsal. It includes a step-by-step approach including intraoperative clinical photographs and intraoperative image intensifier images. We explain the rationale behind our operative approach and provide insight on the importance of recognising and treating this injury. Initially, this avulsion fracture might seem innocuous but if left untreated may result in disabling functional foot problems.