bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooperativity and additivity in plant enhancers
Authors: Jores Tobias , Tonnies Jackson , Mueth Nicholas A. , Romanowski Andrés , Fields Stanley , Cuperus Josh T. , Queitsch Christine 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTEnhancers arecis-regulatory elements that shape gene expression in response to numerous developmental and environmental cues. In animals, several models have been proposed to explain how enhancers integrate the activity of multiple transcription factors. However, it remains largely unknown how plant enhancers integrate transcription factor activity. Here, we use Plant STARR-seq to characterize three light-responsive plant enhancers—AB80,Cab-1, andrbcS-E9—derived from genes active in photosynthesis. Saturation mutagenesis reveals mutations, many of which cluster in short regions, that strongly reduce enhancer activity in the light, in the dark or in both conditions. When tested in the light, these mutation-sensitive regions do not function on their own; rather, cooperative interactions with other such regions are required for full activity. Epistatic interactions occur between mutations in adjacent mutation-sensitive regions, and the spacing and order of mutation-sensitive regions in synthetic enhancers affects enhancer activity. In contrast, when tested in the dark, mutation-sensitive regions act independently and additively in conferring enhancer activity. Taken together, this work demonstrates that plant enhancers show evidence for both cooperative and additive interactions among their functional elements. This knowledge can be harnessed to design strong, condition-specific synthetic enhancers.
Anatomically distributed neural representations of instincts in the hypothalamus
Authors: Stagkourakis Stefanos , Spigolon Giada , Marks Markus , Feyder Michael , Kim Joseph , Perona Pietro , Pachitariu Marius , Anderson David J. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryArtificial activation of anatomically localized, genetically defined hypothalamic neuron populations is known to trigger distinct innate behaviors, suggesting a hypothalamic nucleus-centered organization of behavior control. To assess whether the encoding of behavior is similarly anatomically confined, we performed simultaneous neuron recordings across twenty hypothalamic regions in freely moving animals. Here we show that distinct but anatomically distributed neuron ensembles encode the social and fear behavior classes, primarily through mixed selectivity. While behavior class-encoding ensembles were spatially distributed, individual ensembles exhibited strong localization bias. Encoding models identified that behavior actions, but not motion-related variables, explained a large fraction of hypothalamic neuron activity variance. These results identify unexpected complexity in the hypothalamic encoding of instincts and provide a foundation for understanding the role of distributed neural representations in the expression of behaviors driven by hardwired circuits.
kallisto, bustools, and kb-python for quantifying bulk, single-cell, and single-nucleus RNA-seq
Authors: Sullivan Delaney K. , Min Kyung Hoi (Joseph) , Hjörleifsson Kristján Eldjárn , Luebbert Laura , Holley Guillaume , Moses Lambda , Gustafsson Johan , Bray Nicolas L. , Pimentel Harold , Booeshaghi A. Sina , Melsted Páll , Pachter Lior 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe term “RNA-seq” refers to a collection of assays based on sequencing experiments that involve quantifying RNA species from bulk tissue, from single cells, or from single nuclei. The kallisto, bustools, and kb-python programs are free, open-source software tools for performing this analysis that together can produce gene expression quantification from raw sequencing reads. The quantifications can be individualized for multiple cells, multiple samples, or both. Additionally, these tools allow gene expression values to be classified as originating from nascent RNA species or mature RNA species, making this workflow amenable to both cell-based and nucleus-based assays. This protocol describes in detail how to use kallisto and bustools in conjunction with a wrapper, kb-python, to preprocess RNA-seq data.
Butterfly wing iridescence is regulated byaraucan, a direct target of optix and spalt
Authors: Chatterjee Martik , Siegel Kate J. , Loh Ling Sheng , McDonald Jeanne M.C. , Reed Robert D. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTButterfly wings are notable for the diversity of structural colors they display, including many striking hues of iridescence. Little is known, however, about how iridescent coloration is genetically determined. Here we show that theIroquois-complex transcription factoraraucanhas a highly specific effect on wing scale iridescence hue in the common buckeye butterfly,Junonia coenia. CRISPR knockouts ofaraucancause dorsal wing scales to shift from gold to blue iridescence, and eyespot focus scales to shift from purple iridescence to colorless. These effects are associated with a change in thickness in the scale cell basal lamina, as also seen in knockouts of the color pattern transcription factoroptix. We further show that optix and the eyespot transcription factor spalt both bind to the promoter ofaraucan, suggesting that these two factors directly regulatearaucan.Together, our data lead us to propose thataraucanplays a specialized role in determining the hue ofJ. coeniawing scale iridescence and is directly regulated by core wing patterning transcription factors to modulate structural coloration.
Siderophore Piracy Promotes Dynamical Coexistence in Microbial Community
Authors: Shao Jiqi , Li Yinxiang , Lu Jingyuan , Gu Shaohua , Li Zhiyuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe game between cooperation and cheating in the microbial world is captivating. Microbes that acquire essential iron through the secretion of siderophores face the public good dilemma. In this game of iron, the specific recognition of different types of siderophores by corresponding receptors adds more complexity. Despite the prevalence of siderophore synthesis and piracy among microbes, the ecological consequences of siderophore-mediated interactions remain largely underexplored. This study introduced the framework of resource partition model for siderophore-mediated interactions, revealing conditions for stable coexistence in dual-species scenarios and uncovering surprising oscillatory and chaotic coexistence in systems with three or more species. Intriguingly, analytical analysis and simulations highlight the how‘cheating’promotes biodiversity, emphasizing the non-monotonic changes in biodiversity as the level of siderophore piracy increases in producers. This work sheds light on the complex dynamics introduced by resource partition in microbial communities, elucidating the intricate balance between cooperation and cheating.HighlightsResource partition introduce complex dynamicsCheating play a main force in promoting coexistenceIncreased proportion of cheating prefers dynamical behaviors
Bilateral jaw thrust usage is neither universally prevalent during laryngeal mask airway placement nor universally prevalent during anesthesia mask ventilation before laryngoscopy for endotracheal tube placement: A single anesthesia worksite observation
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Chakrabortty Kaya , Ismaeil Mohamed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile placing two hands on the mask during manual or mechanical ventilation on unsecured airways, providers are not always providing bilateral jaw thrust for maintaining airway patency especially when focusing only on ensuring a good mask seal.ObjectivesTo assess a single anesthesia worksite real-world prevalence of bilateral jaw thrust usage, it was looked through either (a) during laryngeal mask airway placement, or (b) during anesthesia mask ventilation before laryngoscopy for endotracheal tube placement.Materials and MethodsOver a period of two months, anesthesia care of patients was respectively observed in terms of either (a) various strategies involved during laryngeal mask airway placement in its successful placement, or (b) various strategies involved during anesthesia mask ventilation in successful ventilation before laryngoscopy for endotracheal tube placement.ResultsDuring the two-month period, a total of 213 patients were observed. Among the small number of observed very first attempts at laryngeal mask airway placement (n=13), bilateral jaw thrust was only observed in 69% attempts. Among the total observations before the very first attempts at laryngoscopy for endotracheal tube placement (n=200), 26% were devoid of any attempts at anesthesia mask ventilation before laryngoscopy. Among the remaining observations (n=148), anesthesia mask ventilations were attempted before the very first attempts at laryngoscopy for endotracheal tube placement but bilateral jaw thrust was only observed in 37% attempts.ConclusionDuring laryngeal mask airway placement and during anesthesia mask ventilation before laryngoscopy for endotracheal tube placement, bilateral jaw thrust usage was not universally prevalent at the observed single anesthesia worksite.
To say (sexual fetish)… or not to say (sexual fetish). That is the question
Authors: Searle Robert John 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
In a recent report the author wrote about a service user, the author was challenged by the service user’s advocate in respect of the author’s use of the term “sexual fetish”. The author was informed of the advocate’s fears in respect of people involved in the service user’s future care and support needs feeling uncomfortable and possibly stigmatising someone having a sexual fetish. Consequently, the author was asked to change their wording from “sexual fetish” to “sensory need”. The purpose of this study/paper aims to highlight best practice regarding the most appropriate wording for individuals with sexual fetishes.

Design/methodology/approach
A review of the available evidence was ascertained.

Findings
A review of British Psychological Society guidelines and recent research highlights that what were once called “perversions” must be destigmatised, which will not be achieved if people continue to sweep the term fetish under the metaphorical carpet.

Originality/value
It is the author’s sincere hope that use of the term “sexual fetish” embraces and normalises people’s sexual fetish and results in heightened awareness and de-stigmatisation of what is essentially a reference to an element of the wonderful and pleasurable world of sexual behaviour.
Dynamic analysis of a highway bridge beam under the passage of compound heavy trucks with multiple trailers
Authors: Metz Diego Gabriel , Machado Roberto Dalledone , Arndt Marcos , Rossigali Carlos Eduardo 
Published: November 2023

PurposeRealistic composite vehicles with 2, 3, 5 and 9 axles, consisting of a truck with one or two trailers, are addressed in this paper by computational models for vehicle–bridge interaction analysis.Design/methodology/approachThe vehicle–bridge interaction (VBI) models are formed by sets of 2-D rigid blocks interconnected by mass, damping and stiffness elements to simulate their suspension system. The passage of the vehicles is performed at different speeds. Several rolling surface profiles are admitted, considering the maintenance grade of the pavement. The spectral density functions are generated from an experimental database to form the longitudinal surface irregularity profiles. A computational code written in Phyton based on the finite element method was developed considering the Euler–Bernoulli beam model.FindingsSeveral models of composite heavy vehicles are presented as manufactured and currently travel on major roads. Dynamic amplification factors are presented for each type of composite vehicle.Research limitations/implicationsThe VBI models for compound heavy vehicles are 2-D.Social implicationsThis work contributes to improving the safety and lifetime of the bridges, as well as the stability and comfort of the vehicles when passing over a bridge.Originality/valueThe structural response of the bridge is affected by the type and size of the compound vehicles, their speed and the conservative grade of the pavement. Moreover, one axle produces vibrations that can be superposed by the vibrations of the other axles. This effect can generate not usual dynamic responses.
Zomato.com: 10-min delivery
Authors: Gupta Sumeet , Prashar Sanjeev 
Published: November 2023

Learning outcomes
This case is designed to facilitate students to comprehend the challenges an e-commerce firm faces when it attempts to monetize data network effects. The challenges faced by Zomato are ideal for in-class debate and discussion. The following learning objectives can be fulfilled through this case: understanding the promises and issues raised by data network effects; comprehending the problems an e-commerce firm faces in re-configuration; illustrating the responsibility of an established e-commerce firm towards its stakeholders; and discussing how a firm should navigate its relationship with its stakeholders.

Case overview/synopsis
Zomato.com, the largest Indian food aggregator and delivery platform, was contemplating the launch of Zomato Instant, a 10-min food delivery. Currently, the company’s delivery model pivoted around delivering food within 30 min. Recently, Zomato acquired Blinkit, an online grocery shopping app that was positioned to deliver groceries in 10 min. Deepinder Goyal of Zomato felt that customers would soon be more discriminant in demanding quicker services, as they might not be comfortable with 30-min deliveries. Hence, Zomato’s business model must also be re-configured to provide 10-min deliveries. Armed with access to customer data, Goyal predicted items that could be prepared and delivered within 10 min from its dark stores and automated kitchens. Although the model seemed promising and the company was upbeat about it, Zomato Instant faced challenges on several fronts. From the human angle, the decision was criticized on social media, mainly around the violation of road regulations, road safety issues and pressure on the delivery personnel to perform. Many delivery personnel had fled this gig work to join their pre-COVID jobs. Even the Competition Commission of India had established an inquiry into Zomato’s anti-competitive practices using customer data.

Complexity academic level
This case is best taught as part of a curriculum in management programmes at the post-graduate level, in courses such as e-commerce, e-retailing, business models for electronic commerce and online entrepreneurship/new age entrepreneurship. In terms of the positioning in the course, this case could be used to demonstrate the challenges of re-configuration of an online platform.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
Stepping into the light: navigating the challenges of formalizing accounting practices in a Cuban travel agency
Authors: Gómez García Luis Demetrio , Zambrano Aranda Gloria María 
Published: November 2023

Learning outcomes
After reading and analyzing the case study, the students would be able to understand the critical role of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)-compliant accounting principles in facilitating strategic alliances between publicly traded international corporations and emerging companies in informal business environments, design the company’s accounting system to ensure the application of the accounting standards contained in IFRS and understand the accounting process for properly recording a company’s transactions.

Case overview/synopsis
This case study deals with Giulia’s decision to take on the proposal of a conglomerate to acquire a 45% stake in her travel agency, Know Cuba First Travel Agency (KCF). Giulia was an Italian entrepreneur based in Havana, Cuba. She has dealt with informal business practices in the Cuban tourism industry. However, Foreign Investments Ltd., a publicly listed company, needs formal accounting if investing in the venture. If Giulia agrees with the proposal, an accounting information system would have to be implemented to comply with the investor’s requirements.

Complexity academic level
This case study is suitable for financial accounting undergraduate courses.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 1: Accounting and finance.
Health care support systems for informal settlement rental housing during the COVID-19 season: landlord’s perspective
Authors: Agbenyo Fauster , Appau Miller Williams , Yorgri Eunice 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to examine landlords’ health support systems to tenants to control COVID-19 in selected informal settlement rental housing (ISRH) in Ghana, dwelling on landlords’ views.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper used the concurrent imbedded mixed-methods approach and grounded the findings in the socio-ecological theory. The authors collected both qualitative and quantitative data from 242 landlords in 13 informal settlements across Ghana using quotas. The authors undertook semi-structured face-to-face and telephone interviews. The authors conducted content and thematic qualitative data analysis and used simple descriptive statistical data analysis.

Findings
The paper discovered that tenants had limited knowledge on the transmission of the pandemic, forcing landlords to regulate their building services usage, ventilation and thermal control, entertainment, common areas and rent advancement for tenants to control the pandemic. Also, tenants found it difficult to comply with the rules on ventilation for fear of criminal attacks, while high social connection and interaction among renters and inadequate enforcement caused the non-adherence by renters to social gathering. Again, landlords had difficulty in contract-tracing visitors suspected to be infected with the virus.

Originality/value
The use of concurrent and imbedded mixed methods to investigate landlords’ viewpoints on their support in health needs of their tenants to regulate COVID-19. The prescriptions from the study provide practical applications to formulate a mix of housing and health policies to formalize the support of landlords to their tenants in ISRH in Ghana.
Formation of political trust and support for local government actions during crisis: Hotel employees’ perspectives
Authors: Subedi Swechchha , Kubickova Marketa 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis study explores how institutional and cultural factors influence political trust among hotel employees and its impact on support for local government actions, with implications for hotel leadership and regulatory compliance.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a quantitative approach and structural equation modeling (SEM-PLS), the study integrates institutional and cultural theories of trust. Data were collected from 444 frontline hotel employees via mTurk in May 2021.FindingsThe research reveals insights into the significant role of institutional and cultural factors in shaping political trust among hotel employees. Moreover, it demonstrates a positive correlation between political trust and support for local government actions.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has limitations to acknowledge. The sample size may restrict generalizability, and data from May 2021 might not capture long-term trends. Furthermore, relying solely on quantitative data may overlook individual nuances and complexities.Practical implicationsHotel leadership can leverage these findings to prioritize building political trust among employees, leading to better support for government actions and regulatory compliance.Social implicationsFostering trust between hotel employees and governing bodies can foster more effective collaboration, benefiting the hotel industry and the broader community.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by presenting a novel conceptual model that integrates institutional theory and cultural theory of trust to examine the formation of political trust in the context of hotel employees. The application of this model to the hospitality industry adds to the limited research available in this area.
Using coaching and mentoring supervision of lesson study to enhance classroom research competencies: a multi-case study
Authors: Kadroon Thanya 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the coaching and mentoring supervision of the Lesson Study to enhance preservice mathematics teachers' research competencies.Design/methodology/approachThe researcher employed a multi-case study design to describe the internship experiences of practicing coaching and mentoring supervision while preservice teachers engaged in Lesson Study. A total of six preservice teachers were the samples, and they were teaching six lessons. A classroom observation evaluation form was used to collect data from 60 observers, with a proportion of 10 observers to each sample to assess and provide feedback on the samples' research competencies. This was followed by 12 individual, semi-structured interviews using interview protocol. The participants included 60 Lesson Study group members and six mentors from the three research schools, together with the samples' internship advisors from Suratthani Rajabhat University, totaling to 72 assessors. Data were examined using the thematic analysis method.FindingsThe results of 60 observation evaluations revealed that coaching and mentoring supervision of Lesson Study can develop samples' research competencies in four capabilities, namely, instructional planning, classroom management, instructional delivery and professional development. The 12 interview results indicated that the six samples' research competencies were improved in these four aspects, namely, data collection and analysis, collaboration, reflection and pedagogical content knowledge.Practical implicationsMentoring and coaching supervision of Lesson Study holds great potential for collaborative professional development and continuous improvement of mathematics teachers' research competencies.Originality/valueThis article suggests meaningful professional benefits of participation in mentoring and coaching supervision.
Exploring the influence of hybrid product–service offerings on firm internationalization strategies: an international perspective
Authors: Liu Yipeng , Bustinza Oscar F. , Vendrell-Herrero Ferran , Cooper Cary , Vrontis Demetris 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to deepen the understanding of the interconnection between hybrid product–service offerings and firms' internationalization strategies, focusing on market entry, export performance and subsidiary strategy development.Design/methodology/approachThe approach involves reviewing and summarizing the existing body of research in the area. This is complemented by the analysis of the 10 published papers in the current issue.FindingsThe authors proposed a value-chain synergetic approach that ensures the international competitiveness of hybrid offerings. The authors’ conceptual framework encompasses four themes: (i) internal factors encompassing capabilities and governance, (ii) supply-side factors related to ecosystem formation, (iii) demand-side factors encompassing customization and co-creation and (iv) enhancing factors such as assets digitization. The authors’ analysis demonstrates how these synergistic value chain themes interrelate to empower hybrid offerings in the export market.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the conceptual development presented in this paper is not exhaustive, the model highlights important research avenues in the internationalization of product–service hybrid offerings that need exploration.Practical implicationsThe proposed framework hold practical implications for firms aiming to enhance their competitiveness in the export market through the integration of hybrid product–service offerings.Originality/valueThe authors’ framework bridges the gap in international marketing literature by focusing on the interplay between hybrid product–service offerings and internationalization strategies, providing valuable insights into the factors driving servitization-led innovations in foreign markets.