bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the efficacy of intravenous magnesium sulphate and intravenous dexmedetomidine in attenuating haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation
Authors: Mohan Anju , Saha Gautam 
Published: November 2023

Both laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation elicit a sympathetic and parasympathetic response, which varies depending on the depth of anaesthesia, duration of laryngoscopy, and patient characteristics. Although different methods have been used to suppress the response, an ideal agent has yet to be discovered. This study compares and contrasts the effectiveness of intravenous dexmedetomidine and intravenous magnesium sulphate in reducing hemodynamic response during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.: This 18-month prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparative research was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Bokaro General Hospital, Bokaro Steel City, Jharkhand. One hundred twenty consenting study participants were randomly divided into three groups of forty. Before induction, Group A received IV normal saline as a placebo. Group B received 1 mcg/kg IV dexmedetomidine before induction, while Group C received 30 mg/kg IV 50% magnesium sulphate before induction.: Gender distribution was consistent and equal among 120 patients. Gender, age, weight, ASA, and type of surgery did not differ significantly across groups. The three groups had no statistically significant difference in baseline hemodynamic parameters. When compared to the Control Group (A), there were statistically significant changes in hemodynamic parameters in the Dexmedetomidine (B) and Magnesium sulphate (C) groups. There was no hypotension, bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, or arrhythmias.: Dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate efficiently reduced the hemodynamic stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation, although dexmedetomidine attenuated the sympathetic response more effectively.
Intravenous low-dose ketamine in addition to systemic analgesia versus systemic analgesia alone for post-operative pain management in laparotomies:Adouble-blind randomised controlled study
Authors: Sardeshpande Sakhi Sachin , Deshmukh Shubhada 
Published: November 2023

The use of Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, in sub-anesthetic doses for analgesia is increasingly being administered in inpatient settings with acute pain service guidance and in outpatient settings under a variety of models. At sub-anesthetic doses, ketamine possesses centrally mediated analgesic properties with minimal effects on consciousness and cognition.In this study we have compared the efficacy of IV low-dose Ketamine as an adjunct to conventional systemic analgesia to examine preventive effect on post-operative pain and opioid consumption in patients undergoing laparotomies.The study was carried out on 50 patients, 25 patients received a pre-incisional IV bolus of 0.15 mg/kg of Ketamine,10 mins before the incision followed by IV infusion of 2mcg/kg/min continued for 24 hours postoperatively in addition to systemic analgesia (Group K)and 25 Patients received IV bolus of Normal Saline 10 min before the incision, followed by an IV infusion of normal saline (Group C) till 24 hours post-op and systemic analgesia alone. Saline bolus and infusion were given at equivalent volume/rate of the study group. The analgesic efficacy was judged by NRS (Numeric Pain Rating Scale), Time to first rescue analgesia (TFA) and Total opioid consumption (Tramadol in mg) in 24 hours. Ketamine related side effects were also recorded.Patients in the Ketamine group had significantly lower Mean total opioid consumption (88.04 ± 29.07 mg vs. 210 ± 23.93 mg)and Numerical pain Rating Scale (NRS) (3.13 +0.34 vs. 4.44+ 0.77). Time to first rescue analgesia was significantly delayed in Ketamine group as compared to Control group (20.65 ± 9.2 mins vs. 5.4 ± 5.38 mins). Ramsay Sedation scores (RSS) were significantly higher in the Ketamine group (2.4 +0.76vs. 1.52 +0.51)in the immediate post-operative period. There were no demonstrable side-effects related to Ketamine in Group K.Pre-emptive IV low-dose Ketamine is an effective adjunct to systemic analgesia in abdominal surgeries as it significantly prolongs the time to first rescue analgesia (TFA), reduces mean total analgesic requirement and lowers pain scores (NRS) in the post-operative period with negligible side effects.
Pneumothorax during laparoscopic plication of diaphragmatic eventration: A case report
Authors: Kallat Shrishanth Murali , Aggarwal Manish , John M K  
Published: November 2023

Diaphragmatic eventration is the abnormal elevation of the hemidiaphragm or part of it caused due to the lack of muscle or nerve function with normal anatomical attachments. Pneumothorax is a common occurrence during thoracoscopic approaches of diaphragmatic plication but a very rare complication in laparoscopic approaches.A 56-year-old male presented with complaints of pain in the left upper abdomen, bloating, and difficulty in breathing. He was diagnosed with idiopathic diaphragmatic eventration and was taken up for laparoscopic plication under American society of anaesthesiologists – physical status 1. Intra-op, he developed sudden onset increase in peak pressures with poor tidal volumes and desaturation. Examination revealed reduced breath sounds and movement of left side of chest, possibly a left sided pneumothorax. The placement of a left-sided intercostal chest drain led to improvements in ventilatory parameters.The patient was successfully extubated following the completion of surgery.: Pneumothorax is an established complication of laparoscopic surgery, with a reported incidence of 0.01%-0.4%. But early detection and diagnosis of a pneumothorax intraoperatively is difficult and often missed because of controlled ventilation and pneumoperitoneum. A high index of suspicion should be maintained for early diagnosis and management of such conditions.Intraoperative tension pneumothorax and its progression can have devastating consequences. A high index of suspicion, prompt recognition of the condition despite many factors that may mask the condition and prompt remediation leads to an effective management of such cases.
Bir Nübüvvet Savunusu Olarak Mâverdî’nin (ö. 450/1058) Aʿlâmü’n-nübüvve Adlı Eserinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÜR Eyüp , ÇELİK Ahmet 
Published: November 2023

Nübüvvet, Allah-insan ve insan-evren ilişkisinin sağlıklı bir şekilde yürümesinin yollarını öğreten bir yönüyle ilâhî, başka bir yönüyle de beşerî bir kurumdur. Allah’ın varlığına yönelik itirazlarını güçlü kanıtlarla delillendiremeyen bazı din karşıtları, itirazlarını Allah’ın kelâm sıfatının bir tezahürü olan nübüvvet üzerinden yürütmüşlerdir. Nübüvveti inkâr düşüncesine karşı kelâmcılar, hadisçiler ve sîret yazarları nübüvveti savunma refleksi göstererek nübüvvetin delilleri anlamında delâ’ilü’n-nübüvve denilen literatürü oluşturmuşlardır. Bu bağlamda müellifler tarafından, inkâr hareketlerine cevap niteliği taşıyan nübüvvet delilleri toplanmak suretiyle, nübüvvet etrafındaki şüpheler izale edilerek tartışmaların önüne geçilmeye çalışılmıştır. Hz. peygamberin doğum öncesinden başlayıp ölümüne kadar geçen hayatındaki bütün olağanüstü olaylar delâil kapsamına dahil edilmiştir. İşte beşinci yüzyıl Şâfiî âlimlerinden Mâverdî, nübüvveti savunmak amacıyla yazdığı Aʿlâmü’n-nübüvve adlı eseriyle delâ’il geleneği içerisindeki yerini almıştır. Aʿlâmü’n-nübüvve, delillerinin güçlü ve kolay anlaşılır olması hasebiyle bu alanda yazılan diğer eserlere ilham kaynağı olmuş, rivâyet ve cedel metodunu bünyesinde barındırması nedeniyle de hem Delâ’ilü’n-nübüvve hem de Aʿlâmü’n-nübüvve ismiyle bilinir olmuştur.
Mâverdî eserinde, nübüvveti inkâr fikrinin temsilcileri olarak Berâhime’yi, dehrîleri ve bazı filozofları zikretmektedir. Ona göre Berâhime, Allah’ın birliğini kabul etmekle birlikte nübüvveti reddeden Hind menşeli bir topluluk, dehrîler ise, âleme ezelilik ve doğaya yaratıcılık nispet eden inkârcı bir gruptur. Mâverdî, filozofları açık bir inkardan daha ziyade onların, nübüvvete yönelik yaptıkları yorumlar nedeniyle ilhâd içerisinde zikretmektedir. Bu akımların nübüvveti inkâr düşüncesinin temelinde, aklın vahye alternatif olarak gösterilme çabaları yatmaktadır. Yahudi ve Hıristiyanlar ise, nübüvveti kabul etmekle birlikte Hz. Muhammed’in peygamberliğini inkâr eden gruplar olarak gösterilmektedir. Yahudi ve Hıristiyanların itirazları, dinlerinin neshedilme endişesinden kaynaklanmaktadır.
Mâverdî, nübüvvet kurumuna itiraz edenlere insanın maslahatı, peygamberin gerekliliği ve mûcizenin işlevi üzerinden cevap vermiştir. Buna göre kendisine nübüvvet vazifesi verilen peygamber, nübüvvetini, Allah’ın bir fiili olarak kendi elinde gerçekleşeceği hârikulâde bir olayla kanıtlar. O, aklın idrak edemediği bazı meseleleri, beşere ulaştırmak ve onların anlayışına sunmak suretiyle umumi bir maslahatı gerçekleştirir, böylece insanların dünya ve ahiret saadetini sağlayan bir rol icra eder. Mâverdî, Hz. Muhammed’in nübüvvetini ise onun ahlakı, sîreti ve mûcize haberleri üzerinden doğrulama yoluna gitmiştir. Bu minvalde Hz. Peygamber’in siretini, doğum öncesinden başlatarak nübüvveti delillendirmede ispat metodu olarak kullanmıştır.
Neticede Mâverdî’nin Aʿlâmü’n-nübüvve’deki nübüvveti ispat metodunun, kelâmcılar ve hadisçilerin yöntemlerini mezceden bir konumda bulunduğunu söylememiz mümkündür.
“City Break” Hareketi Yerel Kalkınmada Etkili Bir Kamu Politikası Olabilir mi?
Authors: KORKMAZ ÖZCAN Zişan , ÖZTÜRK Mertcan 
Published: November 2023

Öz
Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, City Break hareketinin yerel kalkınmanın sağlanmasında kamu politikası örneği olarak etkin bir turizm politikası olup olmadığının tespit edilmesidir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Araştırma konusunun derinlemesine incelenebilmesi için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede araştırmanın örneklemini, Isparta bölgesindeki 13 turizm paydaşı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma için yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu kullanılmış, veri toplama yöntemi olarak görüşme tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilen Maxqda programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Analiz sonuçları City Break dahilindeki ziyaretçilerin Isparta’nın doğal ve kültürel yapısından etkilendiğini, ulaşım açısından avantajlı bir konumda olduğunu düşündüklerini; fakat City Break ziyaretçileri için yeterli düzeyde politika bulunmadığını göstermektedir. Aynı zamanda bilgiye ulaşım konusunda çevrimiçi bilgi ve iletişim sistemlerinin sıklıkla tercih edildiği ve gerçekleştirilen geziler sonrasında görüş ve düşüncelerin değerlendirildiği gözlenmektedir. Diğer sonuçlar ise kurumlar arası iş birliklerinin prosedür tabanlı olduğunu bununla birlikte kurumların sıklıkla yerel politika ve aktivitelere yöneldiğini göstermektedir. Elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildiğinde Isparta’nın City Break için zengin bir bölge olduğu ve kalkınma sürecinde City Break hareketlerinin etkin bir politika olarak tercih edilebileceği öngörülmektedir. Fakat cevaplar neticesinde Isparta’da City Break için yeterli çalışma ve aktivite yapılmadığı, kalkınmaya fayda sağlaması amacıyla bu alana yönelik kamu politikaları geliştirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Sınırlılıklar: Araştırma örneklemini, Isparta'daki turizm paydaşları oluşturmaktadır. Bu unsur araştırmanın temel sınırlılığını oluşturmaktadır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Çalışma, yerel kalınma ile City Break Hareketi arasında ilişki kurması bakımından özgün bir niteliğe sahiptir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: City Break Hareketi, Yerel Kalkınma, Kamu Politikası, Turizm Politikası
Determining the Optimal Treatment for Idiopathic Clubfoot
Authors: Wang Ying-Yu , Su Yu-Cheng , Tu Yu-Kang , Fang Ching-Ju , Hong Chih-Kai , Huang Ming-Tung , Lin Yung-Chieh , Hsieh Min-Ling , Kuan Fa-Chuan , Shih Chien-An , Lin Chii-Jeng 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Clubfoot, or congenital talipes equinovarus deformity, is a common anomaly affecting the foot in infants. However, clinical equipoise remains between different interventions, especially those based on the Ponseti method. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical outcomes of the various interventions for treating idiopathic clubfoot.

Methods:
Searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL were conducted. Randomized controlled trials comparing different interventions, including the Ponseti method, accelerated Ponseti method, Ponseti method with botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection, Ponseti method with early tibialis anterior tendon transfer (TATT), Kite method, and surgical treatment, were included. Network meta-analyses (NMAs) were conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) reporting guidelines. The primary outcomes were the change in total Pirani score and maximal ankle dorsiflexion. Secondary outcomes were the number of casts, time in casts, and rates of tenotomy, total complications, relapse, adverse events, and additional required major surgery.

Results:
Eleven randomized controlled trials involving 740 feet were included. According to the SUCRA (surface under the cumulative ranking curve)-based relative ranking, the Ponseti method was associated with the best outcomes in terms of Pirani score changes, maximal ankle dorsiflexion, number of casts, adverse events, and total complications, whereas the accelerated Ponseti method was associated with the best outcomes in terms of time in casts and tenotomy rate. Early TATT ranked best in terms of relapse rate. The Ponseti method with Botox injection was associated with the best outcomes in terms of the need for additional major surgery.

Conclusions:
The NMAs suggest that the Ponseti method is the optimal treatment overall, despite potential drawbacks such as longer time in casts and higher rates of tenotomy, relapse, and the need for additional surgery compared with other modified approaches. Therefore, clinicians should consider how treatments can be tailored individually.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Revenue and Operational Costs Impact on Net Profit: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Ananda Kiki Resky , Machmud Mulyana , Hasan Hamida 
Published: November 2023

This study aims to investigate the influence of income and operational costs on net profit at a specific organization. Employing a quantitative approach with descriptive and verificative methods, linear regression is utilized for data analysis. The results reveal a positive and significant impact of income on net profit (t = 10.629, p < 0.05), while operational costs exhibit a negative and inversely significant relationship (t = -3.707, p > 0.05). The F-test indicates both income and operational costs significantly contribute to net profit (F = 289.333, p < 0.05). This research sheds light on the intricate dynamics between financial variables, providing valuable insights for practitioners and scholars in the field.
Highlights:

Quantitative Exploration: Utilizing linear regression for a thorough examination of the financial dynamics.
Positive Income Influence: Demonstrating a significant positive effect of income on net profit.
Operational Cost Dynamics: Unveiling a notable negative and inversely significant relationship between operational costs and net profit.

Keywords: Income, Operational Costs, Net Profit, Regression Analysis, Financial Impact
Relationship between systematic temperature bias and East Asian winter monsoon in CORDEX East Asia phase II experiments
Authors: Shin Seok-Woo , Lee Minkyu , Cha Dong-Hyun , Park Changyong , Kim Gayoung , Ahn Joong-Bae , Min Seung-Ki , Chang Eun-Chul , Byun Young-Hwa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study analyzed systematic biases in surface air temperature (SAT) within Far East Asia during the boreal winter using the SNURCM and WRF regional climate models (RCMs) from CORDEX-East Asia phase II. The SAT biases were examined in relation to the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM). The models consistently simulated lower winter temperatures over East Asia, particularly in the Manchuria (MC) region, compared to the observation, showing a positive correlation with the EAWM. This study assessed the models' ability to capture EAWM variability and revealed relationships between SAT biases and discrepancies in low-level and near-surface EAWM conditions. The findings emphasized the value of analyzing extreme monsoon years, with the RCMs exhibiting larger cold SAT biases during strong EAWM years. Systematic biases in sea-level pressure contrast and lower-level winds over the MC region were evident during years with a robust monsoon. The overestimation of low-level winds during strong EAWM years contributed to increased cold advection, affecting the MC region. These results provide insights for model improvements, understanding EAWM dynamics, and call for investigation of processes in the planetary boundary layer and coupled air-sea interaction.
Structural Changes to the Floats in the Kakunodate Matsuri: Ingenuity for Winning the Festival Bumping Game
Authors: Kubo Mitsunori , Tsubogou Hidehiko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Kakunodate Matsuri, held in Akita, Japan, is one of the most game-like festivals in the country in which the festival floats are repeatedly 'bumped' against each other in order to win the right of way. We hypothesised that the accumulation of serious ingenuity by each community that has preserved and operated the floats to win in the 'bumping' might be reflected in the structural form of the floats themselves. To test this hypothesis, we constructed structural models of two floats, one new and one old, and carried out collision simulations. As a result, it was confirmed that the floats, which tended to concentrate the impact force at the front of the structure during a collision, were modified to distribute the impact over the entire structure, preventing axle damage due to stress concentration and at the same time reducing the impact on the musicians on board in the middle of the float.
This result is consistent with folkloric research that has pointed out that improvements have been made to the form, mainly by carpenters in each community managing and operating the floats. Minor changes have been made within the scope of conventional wood construction methods and blacksmith skills, suggesting that these efforts have collective intellectual value. From the structural changes to the floats, it can be confirmed that carpenters gradually improved the structures of the bearers, chassis parts, and musicians’ space that protect people to meet site requirements. The existence of moderate skill and technology within everyday life and the continuation of community organizational structure to sustain them are understood as an accumulation of historical knowledge to win this game.
Short-Depth QAOA Circuits and Quantum Annealing on Higher-Order Ising Models
Authors: Pelofske Elijah , Bärtschi Andreas , Eidenbenz Stephan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) and Quantum Annealing (QA) are quantum algorithms that are both based on the adiabatic theorem and both have the goal of sampling the optimal solution(s) of combinatorial optimization problems. Quantum annealing has been physically instantiated on D-Wave devices using superconducting flux qubits, and QAOA can be programmed on digital gate-model quantum computers. QAOA and QA address the same types of problems, but it is unclear how they will scale to large problem sizes and to larger and higher-fidelity quantum computers.
In this article, we present a direct comparison between QAOA, one and two rounds, run on all 127 superconducting transmon qubits of the IBM Quantum device ibm\_washington and QA run on D-Wave Advantage\_system4.1 and Advantage\_system6.1. Quantum annealing is executed with the transverse field driving Hamiltonian, and QAOA is executed with the transverse field mixer. The problems selected for our comparison are random Ising models whose connectivity matches the heavy-hex lattice topology of ibm\_washington and the Pegasus graph connectivity of the two D-Wave devices. We create two classes of problem instances for this comparison: one with higher order terms ($ZZZ$ variable interactions), linear terms, and quadratic terms, and a second problem type with only linear and quadratic terms.
The QAOA circuits are novel and extremely short depth, with a CNOT depth of $6$ per round, which allows whole chip usage of the heavy-hex lattice and can be applied to other heavy-hex chips. We test the effectiveness of the error suppression technique digital dynamical decoupling on the QAOA circuits, allowing one of the largest experimental evaluations of dynamical decoupling to date. The QAOA circuits compiled to ibm\_washington are composed of approximately $3,000$ single and two qubit gate instructions combined ($284$ CNOTs per $p$) making these some of the largest quantum circuits ever executed on a digital quantum processor.
QAOA and QA are compared against the classical heuristic algorithm simulated annealing and all problem instances are exactly solved using CPLEX in order to evaluate ground state success sampling probability.
We find that (i) QA outperforms QAOA on all problem instances, (ii) QAOA samples the problems better than random sampling, and (iii) QAOA parameters exhibit clear parameter concentration across the ensemble of Ising models.
Clinical and diagnostic utility of genomic profiling for digestive cancers: real-world evidence from Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Marin , Nakamura Kohei , Kawano Ryutaro , Hayashi Hideyuki , Ikeda Tatsuru , Saito Makoto , Niida Yo , Sasaki Jiichiro , Okuda Hiroyuki , Ishihara Satoshi , Yamaguchi Masatoshi , Shimada Hideaki , Isobe Takeshi , Yuza Yuki , Yoshimura Akinobu , Kuroda Hajime , Yukisawa Seigo , Aoki Takuya , Takeshita Kei , Ueno Shinichi , Nakazawa Junichi , Sunakawa Yu , Nohara Sachio , Okada Chihiro , Nishimiya Ko , Tanishima Shigeki , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Since 2019, cancer genome panel testing in Japan has been covered under healthcare insurance. However, the usefulness of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) in the Japanese healthcare insurance system remains insufficiently explored. Therefore, herein, we conducted a large-scale study to determine the usefulness of CGP in digestive cancer diagnosis and established a diagnostic flow chart based on alterations in core digestive cancer-related genes.
Methods
We recruited 1587 patients with various cancers and subjected them to the FoundationOne CDx assay at the Keio PleSSision Group (19 hospitals) in Japan from March 2020 to October 2022. Potentially actionable genomic alterations of biological significance and actionable genomic alterations were defined using the scoring system we developed. We analyzed the detection rate of potentially actionable genomic alterations, actionable genomic alterations, and alterations equivalent to companion diagnosis (CDx), as well as the signaling pathways associated with these alterations in each digestive cancer.
Results
The detection rate of potentially actionable genomic alterations, actionable genomic alterations, and alterations equivalent to CDx in the 547 digestive cancers was 99.5%, 62.5%, and 11.5%, respectively. APC alterations were frequent in colorectal cancers, KRAS alterations in pancreatic cancer, and CDKN2A alterations in biliary cancers. Histologically, most digestive cancers, except esophageal cancer, were adenocarcinomas.
Conclusion
Based on the patterns of genomic alterations characteristic of each digestive cancer, we created a classification flowchart for digestive adenocarcinomas that may be useful in precise diagnosis. CGP has clinical and diagnostic utility in the diagnosis of digestive cancers.