bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional landscape of pathogen‐responsive lncRNAs in tomato unveils the role of hydrolase encoding genes in response to Botrytis cinerea invasion
Authors: Chen Daoguo , Zhang Zhanquan , Chen Yong , Li Boqiang , Chen Tong , Tian Shiping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLncRNAs have gained increasing attention owing to their important regulatory roles on growth and stress responses of plants. However, the mechanisms underlying the functions of lncRNAs in fruit‐pathogen interaction are still largely unknown. In this study, a total of 273 lncRNAs responding to Botrytis cinerea infection were identified in tomato fruit, among which a higher percentage of antisense lncRNAs were targeted to the genes enriched in hydrolase activity. To ascertain the roles of these lncRNAs, seven hydrolase‐related transcripts were transiently knocked‐down by virus‐induced gene silencing. Silencing of lncRNACXE20 reduced the expression level of a carboxylesterase gene, further enhancing the resistance of tomato to B. cinerea. In contrast, silencing of lncRNACHI, lncRNAMMP, lncRNASBT1.9 and lncRNAPME1.9 impaired the resistance to B. cinerea, respectively. Further RT‐qPCR assay and enzymatic activity detection displayed that the attenuated resistance of lncRNAMMP and lncRNASBT1.9‐silenced plants was associated with the inhibition on the expression of JA‐related genes, while the decreased resistance of lncRNACHI‐silenced plants resulted in reduced chitinase activity. Collectively, these results may provide references for deciphering the mechanisms underlying specific lncRNAs to interfere with B. cinerea infection by regulating the expression of defence‐related genes or affecting hydrolase activity.
Blood data trends of children in Fukushima after the Great East Japan Earthquake: Fukushima health management survey
Authors: Hashimoto Koichi , Nakano Hironori , Sakai Akira , Shimabukuro Michio , Kazama Junichiro James , Takahashi Atsushi , Ohira Tetsuya , Hashimoto Shigeatsu , Tsubokura Masaharu , Watanabe Kazuyuki , Hayashi Fumikazu , Nagao Masanori , Okazaki Kanako , Sato Shiho , Yasumura Seiji , Ohto Hitoshi , Kamiya Kenji , Hosoya Mitsuaki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAfter the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011 and the subsequent accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company‐operated Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, the Fukushima Prefecture government initiated the Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS) to assess the long‐term health effects of the disaster on Fukushima residents. The blood tests of children aged ≤15 years between 2011 and 2012 did not reveal any changes regarding peripheral blood data; however, long‐term monitoring is still necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the long‐term health status of children aged ≤15 years who had evacuated the Fukushima Prefecture.MethodsFrom 2011 to 2018, 71,250 evacuees aged 15 years or younger participated in the FMHS and were subjected to blood tests. By analyzing the data of the comprehensive health check survey managed by the FHMS, we examined the changes in hemoglobin (Hb) levels, white blood cell (WBC) counts, including fractions, and platelet (PLT) counts among children from 2011 to 2018.ResultsMinor fluctuations in Hb levels, PLT counts, and WBC counts were observed during the study period, but the central 95% intervals of distribution of the laboratory values were generally within previously reported reference intervals. In particular, there was no increase in the proportions of patients with anemia, polycythemia, or deviating WBC counts.ConclusionFrom 2011 to 2018, there was no increase in the percentages of children with anemia, polycythemia, or deviating WBC counts among the Fukushima Prefecture evacuees.
Subduction signature in the Internal Ligurian units (Northern Apennine, Italy): Evidence from P–T metamorphic peak estimate
Authors: Meneghini Francesca , Di Rosa Maria , Marroni Michele , Raimbourg Hugues , Pandolfi Luca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Internal Ligurian units (Northern Apennine) represent deformed and metamorphosed fragments of the oceanic lithosphere of the Ligure–Piemontese oceanic basin. Different tectonic models have been proposed for the geodynamic setting in which the deformation and metamorphism have been acquired. However, the lack of updated, clear, thermo‐barometric data has made it hard to unambiguously discriminate between these different proposed models. In this article, we provide evidence for the deformation of the Palombini Shale, i.e., pelagic deposits belonging to the Internal Ligurian units, under P and T peak conditions of 230–300°C. and 0.6–0.9 GPa, respectively. These data indicate that the Internal Ligurian units were affected by a blueschist facies metamorphism achieved during the underplating within the accretionary wedge developed during the Late Cretaceous—Early Tertiary Alpine subduction. These data support the hypothesis of a unique, pre‐Oligocene orogenic system for the Alpine belt and the westernmost sector of the Northern Apennines belt.
Multi‐omics analyses reveal the importance of chromoplast plastoglobules in carotenoid accumulation in citrus fruit
Authors: Liu Yun , Ye Junli , Zhu Man , Atkinson Ross G. , Zhang Yingzi , Zheng Xiongjie , Lu Jiao , Cao Zhen , Peng Jun , Shi Chunmei , Xie Zongzhou , Larkin Robert M. , Nieuwenhuizen Niels J. , Ampomah‐Dwamena Charles , Chen Chuanwu , Wang Rui , Luo Xiaozhou , Cheng Yunjiang , Deng Xiuxin , Zeng Yunliu 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYChromoplasts act as a metabolic sink for carotenoids, in which plastoglobules serve as versatile lipoprotein particles. PGs in chloroplasts have been characterized. However, the features of PGs from non‐photosynthetic plastids are poorly understood. We found that the development of chromoplast plastoglobules (CPGs) in globular and crystalloid chromoplasts of citrus is associated with alterations in carotenoid storage. Using Nycodenz density gradient ultracentrifugation, an efficient protocol for isolating highly purified CPGs from sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) pulp was established. Forty‐four proteins were defined as likely comprise the core proteome of CPGs using comparative proteomics analysis. Lipidome analysis of different chromoplast microcompartments revealed that the nonpolar microenvironment within CPGs was modified by 35 triacylglycerides, two sitosterol esters, and one stigmasterol ester. Manipulation of the CPG‐localized gene CsELT1 (esterase/lipase/thioesterase) in citrus calli resulted in increased lipids and carotenoids, which is further evidence that the nonpolar microenvironment of CPGs contributes to carotenoid accumulation and storage in the chromoplasts. This multi‐feature analysis of CPGs sheds new light on the role of chromoplasts in carotenoid metabolism, paving the way for manipulating carotenoid content in citrus fruit and other crops.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of a Volumetric Resistance Blower Performance and Its Optimization for Portable Computing Device Applications
Authors: Kumar Amit , Majumder Ayan , Cardenas Ruander , MacDonald Mark , Bhattacharya Anandaroop 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we present our results on a relatively new kind of blower called Volumetric Resistance Blower (VRB) for cooling of portable computing platforms like laptop computers. The VRB performance was modeled numerically and compared to traditional bladed blowers. The sources of noise, dominant in bladed blower, are absent in case of VRB, because it uses a continuous porous disk instead of discrete blades. Thus, even though at iso-rpm, VRB yielded lower flowrate, its iso-acoustic performance could be superior. Hence, further analysis was crucial to quantify the potential benefit. The acoustics experiments for bladed blower and VRB were conducted in a hemi-anechoic chamber in accordance with ECMA-74 and ECMA TR/99 standards. Iso-acoustics pressure versus volume flowrate plot for both bladed blower and VRB are compared. VRB was found to have superior performance as compared to bladed blower. The volume flowrate at open flow condition for bladed blower and VRB are comparable, but as back pressure increased the flowrate yielded by VRB kept increasing and at stagnation condition, VRB showed around 79% higher static pressure. In the second part of the work, the experimentally validated numerical model for VRB was used for numerical optimization using a design of experiments (DOE) approach and varying the geometrical parameters. Rotor distance (minimum distance from the axis of rotation of impeller to the cutwater surface) was found to be the most important parameter, and an optimum value was found. A second DOE elucidated the optimal rotor hub center location in the two-dimensional space inside the casing as when the rotor is tucked back into the casing as much as possible and when the rotor distance is above 20.15 mm. A partial P–Q curve is generated (up to 20 Pa) for optimal geometry configuration. Based on the numerical and experimental evidence, VRB is found to have the potential to replace traditional bladed design in portable computing devices. In addition, due to absence of blades, it creates lower tonal noise, giving a much more comfortable experience to the end user.
A Numerical Study of Cyclist-Cyclist Aerodynamic Interaction towards Efficient Overtaking Strategy
Authors: Cantos Sinforiano , Mok Kwan Pui , Zhou Peng , Jiang Hanbo , Mao Xiaochen , Zhong Siyang , Zhang Xin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In cycling races, overtaking is a crucial maneuver that involves drafting behind and moving to the side of another cyclist. The flow interaction between the cyclists has a very significant impact on the aerodynamic performance. Previous experimental and numerical studies have shown the aerodynamic drag changes at certain relative positions between cyclists. This study aims at providing a comprehensive aerodynamic power contour along a complete overtaking path, detailing the power at different relative positions to develop efficient overtaking strategies. The aerodynamic results are obtained with numerical simulations, the accuracy of which is validated against wind tunnel experiments. Improved sampling and data-fitting approaches are employed to enhance previous findings. The results show that starting the overtaking maneuver closest to the leading cyclist and overtaking with a larger lateral separation is the most aerodynamically efficient strategy. These findings provide valuable insights into developing optimal overtaking strategies in competitive cycling races.
A Computational Study to Predict the Seakeeping Performance of a Surfaced Submarine in Irregular Waves
Authors: Jung Doojin , Kim Sanghyun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In general, submarines are designed to optimize operation below the water surface because they spend most of their time underwater. On the other hand, the performance in the free surface condition is also important because submarines face a variety of scenarios to complete operational missions, and the free surface condition is unavoidable for port departure and arrival. In the case of a submarine, the numerical accuracy of the potential theory for seakeeping analysis is excellent in submerged conditions, but it is poor in free surface conditions because of nonlinear effects near the free surface area. In this study, star-ccm+ was used as a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) solver to estimate the seakeeping performance of a Canadian Victoria Class submarine in irregular waves. The results were compared with those of model tests from a published paper. In addition, the potential theory code was also used to assess the seakeeping performance and compare it with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results. From the calculation results, the motion responses in irregular waves using CFD showed similar trends to the experimental results. In contrast, motion responses from potential code showed significantly larger values than the experimental results. In conclusion, CFD simulations with irregular waves can be a good solution to predict the seakeeping performance of submarines in free surface conditions.
Data Informed Model Test Design With Machine Learning–An Example in Nonlinear Wave Load on a Vertical Cylinder
Authors: Tang Tianning , Ding Haoyu , Dai Saishuai , Chen Xi , Taylor Paul H. , Zang Jun , Adcock Thomas A. A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Model testing is common in coastal and offshore engineering. The design of such model tests is important such that the maximal information of the underlying physics can be extrapolated with a limited amount of test cases. The design of experiments also requires considering the previous similar experimental results and the typical sea-states of the ocean environments. In this study, we develop a model test design strategy based on Bayesian sampling for a classic problem in ocean engineering—nonlinear wave loading on a vertical cylinder. The new experimental design strategy is achieved through a GP-based surrogate model, which considers the previous experimental data as the prior information. The metocean data are further incorporated into the experimental design through a modified acquisition function. We perform a new experiment, which is mainly designed by data-driven methods, including several critical parameters such as the size of the cylinder and all the wave conditions. We examine the performance of such a method when compared to traditional experimental design based on manual decisions. This method is a step forward to a more systematic way of approaching test designs with marginally better performance in capturing the higher-order force coefficients. The current surrogate model also made several “interpretable” decisions which can be explained with physical insights.
A Novel Method of Designing Random Rough Surface Considering Its Contact Force–Deformation Characteristic Requirement
Authors: Guo Xuxin , Liu Daxin , Liu Zhenyu , Tan Jianrong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The height probability distribution (HPD) of random rough surface topography has significant effect on its contact behaviors. In this paper, an optimization model to calculate the optimal HPD of random rough surface topography to make its contact force–deformation characteristic satisfy the given target force–deformation characteristic was established. In the solution to calculate the optimal HPD, using Bezier interpolation curve to represent the curve of HPD function and using the positions of the control points of the Bezier interpolation curve as optimization variables were proposed. The solution was validated by numerical simulations implemented using matlab. The effect of the number of control points on the minimum objective function value was investigated. Through analyzing the obtained result, we found the most appropriate number of the control points is 35. Comparison with the method using height parameters as optimization variables in literature was implemented. It was found that the proposed method is applicable to broader types of contact force–deformation characteristic requirements than the method using height parameters as optimization variables.
A phase I study of the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of contezolid acefosamil after intravenous and oral administration in healthy Chinese subjects
Authors: Yang Haijing , Jin Yi , Wang Hailin , Yuan Hong , Wang Jingjing , Li Size , Hu Yingying , Yang Huahui , Li Xin , Liang Hong , Wu Jufang , Cao Guoying , Zhang Jing 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Contezolid acefosamil (also known as MRX-4), a prodrug of contezolid, is under development for treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections. A phase I single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple-dose placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of contezolid acefosamil in healthy Chinese subjects following intravenous (IV) and oral administration. Adverse events (AEs) and PK parameters were assessed appropriately. All subjects (
n
= 70) completed the trial. Overall, 67 cases of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were observed in 49.1% (27 of 55) of the subjects receiving contezolid acefosamil. All TEAEs were mild in severity. No serious AEs or deaths were reported. After IV SAD (500–2,000 mg), the corresponding
C
max
of the active drug contezolid increased from 1.95 ± 0.57 to 15.61 ± 4.88 mg/L, AUC
0–inf
from 40.25 ± 10.12 to 129.41 ± 38.30 h·mg/L, median
T
max
from 2.00 to 2.75 h, and mean
t
1/2
from 13.33 to 16.74 h. Plasma contezolid reached steady state on day 6 after multiple IV doses, with an accumulation ratio of 2.20–2.96. Oral SAD of 500 and 1,500 mg resulted in contezolid
C
max
of 8.66 ± 2.60 and 37.10 ± 8.66 mg/L, AUC
0–inf
of 30.44 ± 7.33 and 162.36 ± 47.08 h·mg/L, and median
T
max
of 2.50 and 2.98 h. Contezolid reached steady state on day 5 after multiple oral doses of 1,500 mg without significant accumulation. Contezolid
C
max
and AUC
0–inf
increased with the dose of contezolid acefosamil. The good safety and PK profiles in this SAD and multiple-dose study can support further clinical development of contezolid acefosamil.
Autoinducer-2 promotes adherence of
Aeromonas veronii
through facilitating the expression of MSHA type IV pili genes mediated by c-di-GMP
Authors: Li Yi , Han Shuo , Wang Yuqi , Qin Mengyuan , Lu Chengjin , Ma Yingke , Yang Wenqing , Liu Jiajia , Xia Xiaohua , Wang Hailei 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Aeromonas veronii.
a ubiquitous of zoonotic disease pathogen, depends on adhesion as the crucial way to colonize the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, which further causes severe gastrointestinal diseases and parenteral infections. However, the adherence mechanism of
A. veronii
has not been fully characterized. Therefore, we investigate the effect of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) on adherence of
A. veronii
through facilitating the expression of mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) type IV pili genes mediated by cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP). The deficiency of AI-2 significantly lowered the adherence of
A. veronii
to erythrocytes and intestinal mucus, and the complement of AI-2 could increase its adherence ability. The deficiency of AI-2 only limited the formation of pili, instead of outer-membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharide, through reducing the expression levels of MSHA type IV pili genes due to the decline of c-di-GMP. The addition of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) could increase the content of c-di-GMP and the expression of MSHA type IV pili genes, and further promote adherence of
A. veronii
. Therefore, this study reveals, for the first time, adherence mediated by c-di-GMP with MshE as the c-di-GMP receptor is positively regulated by AI-2 in
A. veronii
, which increases the understanding of colonization strategy of pathogen and may facilitate control of
A. veronii
infection to host.

IMPORTANCE

Aeromonas veronii
can adhere to host cells through different adherence factors including outer-membrane proteins (OMPs), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and pili, but its adherence mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we evaluated the effect of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) on adherence of
A. veronii
and its regulation mechanism. After determination of the promotion effect of AI-2 on adherence, we investigated which adherence factor was regulated by AI-2, and the results show that AI-2 only limits the formation of pili. Among the four distinct pili systems, only the mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) type IV pili genes were significantly downregulated after deficiency of AI-2. MshE, an ATPase belonged to MSHA type IV pilin, was confirmed as c-di-GMP receptor, that can bind with c-di-GMP which is positively regulated by AI-2, and the increase of c-di-GMP can promote the expression of MSHA type IV pili genes and adherence of
A. veronii
. Therefore, this study confirms that c-di-GMP positively regulated by AI-2 binds with MshE, then increases the expression of MSHA pili genes, finally promoting adherence of
A. veronii
, suggesting a multilevel positive regulatory adhesion mechanism that is responsible for
A. veronii
adherence.
Tracking the fecal mycobiome through the lifespan of production pigs and a comparison to the feral pig
Authors: Prisnee Tausha L. , Rahman Rajibur , Fouhse Janelle M. , Van Kessel Andrew G. , Brook Ryan K. , Willing Benjamin P. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Fungi in the pig gastrointestinal tract (the mycobiome) are believed to be important for host health and development. However, studies profiling the mycobiome over a production cycle and of the feral pig are lacking. The objectives of this study were to profile the pig mycobiome over one production cycle and profile the mycobiome of feral pigs. A total of 24 pigs from 12 litters (
n
= 2 per litter) had fecal swabs taken at 11 days of age (D11), the day before weaning (W − 1), 7 days post-weaning (W + 7), and 119 days post-weaning (W + 119) in a research facility. Their dams (
n
= 12) and an additional eight sows from a commercial barn had fecal swabs taken 3 days after farrowing. A total of 20 feral pigs had intestinal contents collected from the ileum and cecum for a total of 24 samples. Samples were analyzed
via
amplicon sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 rRNA gene. Piglets tended to cluster based on their mother’s
Kazachstania slooffiae
levels on D11 (
P
= 0.087) and significantly clustered on W + 119 (
P
= 0.046). Piglets clustered with their littermate on D11 (
P
= 0.006) and on W + 119 (
P
= 0.007). In summary, we found that pigs maintain the same
K. slooffiae
status as their mothers until the end of the production cycle and show that the feral pig has a complex and unique mycobiome largely represented by ingested fungal species.

IMPORTANCE
This work provides evidence that early-life fungal community composition, or host genetics, influences long-term mycobiome composition. In addition, this work provides the first comparison of the feral pig mycobiome to the mycobiome of intensively raised pigs.