bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of markers for root traits using association mapping analysis in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Ramteke Ravina Prakash , Verma Sunil Kumar , Agrawal Toshy , Verulkar S. B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rice is mainly a semi-aquatic plant; an adequate amount of water is necessary for the better development and growth of rice crops. However, due to the scarcity of water in rice-growing countries, we faced problems like drought stress and other abiotic stresses. The research is conducted to analyze the root system and root morphology of rice plants because the rice is drought tolerant and directly correlated with the root system. The study is designed for rice root traits analysis i.e. genotypic and phenotypic. The hundred diverse genotypes of rice with three different groups viz; wild type, the cultivated type, and germplasm rice were grown under the rhizotron conditions. The 157 SSR markers were used for studying the population of rice and genotypic data were generated. The root was scanned by root scanner after 45 DAS and the parameters taken for the considerations are root length (RL), total root length (TRL), average root diameter (ARD), surface area (SA), root weight fresh (RW(F)), root weight dry (RW(D)), and root volume (RV) etc. Phenotypic data was recorded. After analysis ix markers were found associated with the root traits. Marker RM-408 on chromosome 8 is associated with the total root length (TRL) and the fresh root weight. RM-236 and RM-408 on chromosome 8 is associated with root surface area, and NOD-1 and NOD-3 on chromosome 8 is associated with the dry root weight. RM-505 on chromosome 7 is associated with the average root diameter, and RM-1 on chromosome 1 is also associated with the root surface area these markers show the marker trait associations in rice. The best genotypes found out of 100 genotypes were WR-41, RKVY-104, Bamleshwari, Nagina-22, and CT-9993 which have good root length, root volume, root diameter, etc. This study will help in future with selection and use of donor genotypes of rice for drought tolerance.
Liming promotes soil nitrite accumulation but reduces subsequent abiotic nitrous oxide emissions
Authors: Li Suyun , Cai Danni , Shaaban Muhammad , Ma Jiani , Liu Shurong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aims
The mechanisms underlying nitrous oxide (N2O) production in limed soils with N fertilizer application are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of liming on nitrite (NO2-) accumulation and its contribution to subsequent N2O production in soils with varying concentrations of ammonium (NH4+) additions (50, 100, and 250 mg NH4+-N kg-1 soil).
Methods
Soil microcosm incubation was designed to investigate NO2- accumulation and N2O production in the acidic and limed vegetable soil after different levels of N inputs. Sterilization of samples was used to distinguish the biotic and abiotic N2O productions. DNA extraction and relative functional gene detection provided molecular evidence.
Results
Elevating soil pH to alkaline (pH 8.5) through liming caused a shift in the soil microbial community, with an increase in the abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and a decrease in nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). This resulted in the conversion of half of the added NH4+ to NO2-, with higher NH4+ concentrations leading to more cumulative NO2-. However, the N2O production resulting from NO2- accumulation was relatively modest (max. 0.89 μg N kg-1 soil per hour). Further experiments demonstrated that 81.9-93.6% of N2O production associated with NO2- accumulation was driven by abiotic processes under aerobic conditions, while abiotic processes drove 42.4-54.8% of N2O production under anaerobic conditions. Additionally, liming reduced 92% of the abiotic N2O production compared to that observed in acidic soil.
Conclusion
Liming promotes soil nitrite accumulation but reduces subsequent abiotic nitrous oxide emissions.
Severe Sars-cov-2 Related Disease in Children Aged 0-19 Years in Ethiopia, a Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Kebede Rahel A. , Mekasha Amha , Estifanos Abiy Seifu , Yeshidinber Abate , Kassa Bethlehem Belay , Gebreselassie Martha , Temsegen Mereretu , Tefera Muluwork , Alemayehu Tinsae , Kebede Dawit , Abebe Tamirat , Kotiso Kehabtimer Shiferaw , Edmond Karen M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
To assess the prevalence of severe SARS CoV 2 related disease in children aged 0–19 years and to evaluate the associations between malnutrition and other risk factors for severe disease.
Methods
A study involving 385 children aged 0–19 years from January 2020 to December 2021. The outcome variable was children with severe COVID-19 disease, defined as those hospitalized for acute COVID-19 disease or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (World Health Organization case definition) with hypoxemia, hypotension, respiratory distress, or death. Undernutrition was also considered. The study used both univariable and multivariable analyses to assess possible associations, with a significant association considered at a P value < 0.05.
Results
Median age with interquartile range was 6(1–13). At presentation, 35.7% were malnourished with Weight for Age < − 2 SD scores and the mean weight for age Z-score was − 1.82 (4.54[SD]). Overall, 65.5% (252/385) of children were with severe COVID-19 disease and 19 (4.8%) met the World Health Organization case definition for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Thirty six out of 385 (9.4%) children died. Children with comorbidities (167/385 (77.0%]) had a 1.4-fold greater risk of severe disease than children without these conditions (adjusted relative risk [RR] 1.37 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.65). Children with undernutrition (90/345, 73.2%) had a 1.15-fold greater risk of severe disease than children who were not malnourished (132/345, 63.5%) (RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.34), however, there was no association shown in the final model after adjusting for confounding (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.20).
Conclusion
The study reveals increased mortality and severe disease in severely ill children, emphasizing the need for vaccines and preventive measures in countries like Ethiopia with high mortality burdens.
Identification of circulating apolipoprotein M as a new determinant of insulin sensitivity and relationship with adiponectin
Authors: Viguerie Nathalie , Frances Laurie , Croyal Mikael , Ruidavets Jean-Bernard , maraninchi marie , Perret Bertrand , Valero Rene , Combes Guillaume , Moro Cedric , Martinez Laurent , Raffin Jérémy , Barreto Philipe de Souto , Ferrieres Jean , Blaak Ellen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background.
Adiponectin and apolipoprotein M (apoM) are adipokines indicatives of healthy adipose tissue and down-regulated with obesity. We compared circulating apoM with adiponectin regarding their relationship with metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity and examined their gene expression patterns in adipocytes and in the adipose tissue.
Methods.
Circulating apoM and adiponectin were examined in 169 men with overweight in a cross-sectional study, and 13 patients with obesity during a surgery-induced slimming program. Correlations with clinical parameters including the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were analyzed. Multiple regression analyses were performed on HOMA-IR. The APOM and ADIPOQ gene expression were measured in the adipose tissue from 267 individuals with obesity and a human adipocyte cell line.
Results.
Participants with type 2 diabetes had lower circulating adiponectin and apoM, while apoM was higher in individuals with dyslipidemia. Similar to adiponectin, apoM showed negative associations with HOMA-IR and hs-CRP (r>-0.2), and positive correlations with HDL markers (HDL-C and apoA-I, r > 0.3). Unlike adiponectin, apoM was positively associated with LDL markers (LDL-C and apoB100, r < 0.20) and negatively correlated with insulin and age (r>-0.2). The apoM was the sole negative determinant of HOMA-IR in multiple regression models, while adiponectin not contributing significantly. After surgery, the change in HOMA-IR was negatively associated with the change in circulating apoM (r=-0.71), but not with the change in adiponectin. The APOM and ADIPOQ gene expression positively correlated in adipose tissue (r > 0.44) as well as in adipocytes (r > 0.81). In adipocytes, APOM was downregulated by inflammatory factors and upregulated by adiponectin.
Conclusions.
The apoM rises as a new partner of adiponectin regarding insulin sensitivity. At the adipose tissue level, the adiponectin may be supported by apoM to promote a healthy adipose tissue.
Trial registration
NCT01277068, registered 13 January 2011; NCT02332434, registered 5 January 2015; and NCT00390637, registered 20 October 2006.
Identification technique for detecting effective prestressing of 1860 grade strand based on the microporous method
Authors: Yun Jianzhou , Chen Shunchao , Dong Chunyan , Wu Wenxiang , Nie Liangpeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The existing prestressing strand pre-stress is related to the safety of bridge structures, and a method is established to identify the effective pre-stress of strands in in-service prestressed concrete bridges by the micro-hole release method. Firstly, the drilling model of steel strand is established by Solid Works and Abaqus, and the effects of drilling depth, drilling diameter, drilling deflection angle, and hole edge distance on the stress release of steel strand are studied. The results show that: the amount of stress release after strand drilling increases with the increase of drilling depth and drilling diameter; the amount of stress release decreases with the increase of hole margin; the error rate of stress release increases with the increase of drilling deflection angle when the strand drilling deflection angle is from 0° to 15°. The diameter of the hand-held drill bit is 1.5mm, the depth of the steel wire drilling is 5.0mm, the axial distance of the steel strand drilling wire is 3.0mm from the edge of the hole, and the drilling deflection angle of the drill bit is controlled to be less than 5°, which can satisfy the accuracy and operability of the test. Then, the difference between first paste then tension, and first tension then paste stress release under working conditions and applicable conditions were analyzed through strand drilling test. At the same time, the strain-tension fitting equations of strand release under first paste then tension, and first tension then paste conditions were compared with the finite element simulation results. The results show that the strain-tension fitting equations for strand release under the first tension and then paste condition are closer to the finite element simulation results and are more in line with the actual engineering.
A Study on Rapid Simulation of Mine Roadway Fires for Emergency Decision-Making
Authors: Chen Yangqin , Liu Jian , Zhou Qichao , Liu Li , Wang Dong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In traditional mine fire simulation, the FDS simulation software has been verified by large-scale and full-size fire experiments. The resulting calculations closely align with real-world scenarios, making it a valuable tool for simulating mine fires. However, when a fire occurs in a mine, utilizing FDS software to predict the fire situation in the mine entails a sequence of steps, including modeling, environmental parameter setting, arithmetic, and data processing, which takes time in terms of days, thus making it difficult to meet the demand for emergency decision-making timelines. To address the need for rapid predictions of mine tunnel fire development, a method for swiftly estimating environmental parameters and the concentration of causative factors at various times and locations post-fire has been devised. FDS software was employed to simulate numerous roadway fires under diverse conditions. Parameters such as fire source intensity, roadway cross-sectional area, roadway wind speed, roadway inclination angle, time, and others were utilized as the input layer for a neural network. In contrast, wind flow temperature, carbon monicide (CO) concentration, fire wind pressure, visibility, and others were designated as the output layer for training the neural network model. This approach established a fire prediction model to resolve issues related to time-consuming numerical simulations and the inability to provide a rapid response to disaster emergencies. The trained neural network model can instantaneously predict the environmental parameters and concentrations of the causative factors at different times and locations. The model exhibits an average relative error of 12.12% in temperature prediction, a mean absolute error of 0.87 m for visibility, a mean absolute error of 3.49 ppm for CO concentration, and a mean absolute error of 16.78 Pa for fire wind pressure. Additionally, the mean relative error in density is 2.9%. These predictions serve as crucial references for mine fire emergency decision-making.
Interactions between the AraC/XylS-like transcriptional activator InvF of Salmonella Typhimurium, the RNA polymerase alpha subunit and the chaperone SicA
Authors: Cortés-Avalos Daniel , Farias André Borges , Romero-González Luis E. , Lara-Ochoa Cristina , Villa-Tanaca Lourdes , Portillo Francisco García-del , López-Guerrero Vanessa , Bustamante Victor H. , Pérez-Rueda Ernesto , Ibarra J. Antonio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium causes gastroenteritis and systemic infections in humans, for this bacterium the expression of a type three secretion system III (T3SS) and effector proteins encoded in the Salmonella pathogenicity island-1 (SPI-1), is keystone for the virulence of this bacterium. Expression of these is controlled by a regulatory cascade starting with the transcriptional regulators HilD, HilC and RtsA that induce the expression of HilA, which then activates expression of the regulator InvF, a transcriptional regulator of the AraC/XylS family. InvF needs to interact with the chaperone SicA to activate transcription of SPI-1 genes including sicA, sopB, sptP, sopE, sopE2, and STM1239. InvF very likely acts as a classical activator; however, whether InvF interacts with the RNA polymerase alpha subunit RpoA had not been determined. Results from this study confirm the interaction between InvF with SicA and reveal that both proteins interact with the RNAP alpha subunit. Thus, our study further supports that the InvF/SicA complex acts as a classical activator. Additionally, we showed for the first time an interaction between a chaperone of T3SS effectors (SicA) and the RNAP.
A new paleotemperature method from biotic proxy indices - An example from the Upper Paleozoic paleogeographic and paleotectonics reconstructions of Siberia
Authors: Davydov Vladimir , Karasev Evgeny , Popova Elizaveta 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

A new method for quantitatively assessing paleotemperatures in the Upper Paleozoic of Siberia based on the taxonomic composition of biota is proposed. This method utilizes a large data set on the geographic distribution and ecology of various biotas in Siberia and surrounding regions from the newly developed PaleoSib database. We developed new tools to analyze the paleotemperatures of the Siberian Platform (Angarida) shallow-water deposits during the Late Paleozoic. The obtained results clarified the dynamics of the paleoclimate and paleo-tectonics of this time in the region. Some lithological indexes were integrated with biotic ones to strengthen the paleotemperature analyses. A wide geologic community dealing with sedimentary geology and paleo-tectonics can utilize the method and the tools. The method can be used by anyone regardless of his or her skill level from students to professionals. We plan to integrate this method into the Paleobiology Database.
Repellence properties of catnip essential oil against the mosquito species Aedes aegypti
Authors: Batume Charles , Mulongo Ivan Mugeni , Ludlow Richard , Ssebaale John , Randerson Peter , Pickett John A. , Mukisa Ivan M. , Scofield Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The mosquito species Aedes aegypti is known to act as a vector in the transmission of various diseases, including dengue fever and yellow fever. The use of insect repellents is one of precautionary measures used to mitigate the risk of these diseases in humans by reducing mosquito biting. Nepetalactone, a potent natural insect repellent primarily found in catnip (Nepeta cataria) essential oil, has emerged as a promising candidate for mosquito repellence. Here, we evaluated the potential of catnip essential oil (>95% nepetalactone) for use as a mosquito repellent. Using a Y-tube olfactometer and human hands as an attractant, we analysed the effectiveness of catnip oil at repelling the mosquito species Aedes aegypti. We tested a range of dilutions of catnip essential oil and found that concentrations as low as 2% were effective at repelling >70% of mosquitoes for between one and four hours after repellent application. These findings suggest that nepetalactone could be used as a natural and highly effective alternative to synthetic mosquito repellents, thereby offering enhanced protection against vector-borne diseases.
The Impact of Traditional Village Landscape Gene Perception on Residents' Intention Behavior:The Mediating Role of Local Identity
Authors: Lu Xiaoxue , Chen Zujian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The recognition and perception of landscape characteristics by local residents of traditional villages are crucial in protecting these cultural treasures and influenced by various factors. Nevertheless, there is a lack of empirical research on how to encourage residents to accept and support traditional village protection behavior by shaping their perceptions of the village landscape in the Chinese context. Therefore, this study examines the influence of traditional village landscape genes on intentional behavior among residents in the southeastern coastal region of China. The study employs the attitude-behavior theoretical framework and constructs a "perceived value-place identity-intentional behavior" model using structural equation modeling. Place identity serves as the mediating variable. The study discusses the internal mechanism and characteristics of residents' perceived value of the landscape genes. The study demonstrates that residents' intentional behavior is significantly influenced by both perceived landscape value and place identity, with place identity serving as a mediator in the impact of perceived value dimensions. The architectural, layout, cultural, and environmental landscape gene perceptions have a comprehensive path coefficient ranked from high to low. Additionally, the demographic characteristics of residents partially influence their attitude and behavior. This study authenticates residents' behavioral tendencies in protecting traditional villages and highlights the role of the perception-identity bond in fostering protective behavior. These results aid in establishing a comprehensive understanding of residents' attitudes and behaviors towards traditional villages and are essential for identifying appropriate strategies for protecting and enhancing the village landscape.
Micro-Computed Tomographic Evaluation of the Shaping Ability of Vortex Blue and TruNatomyTM Ni-Ti Rotary Systems
Authors: Alghamdi Batool , Al-Habib Mey , Bahanan Lina , Alrahalah Ali , Bautista Leonel S.J. , ALSOFI LOAI 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aim: To assess and evaluate the canal shaping ability of two different Ni-Ti rotary systems ex-vivo: Vortex Blue (VB) and TruNatomy (TN), using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) in extracted premolar human teeth.
Materials and Methods: A total of 20 extracted bifurcated maxillary first premolars with two separate buccal and palatal canals wererandomly divided into two groups and prepared with either Vortex Blue or TruNatomy files. All teeth were scanned by micro-CT before and after root canal preparations. The micro-CT scans were analyzed to measure the following parameters: percentage of untouched canal surface area, changes in canal surface area, changes in canal volume, structural model index (SMI), changes in canal angulation and changes in dentin thickness. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the means and standard deviations of the parameters between the two systems, with statistical significance level set at P-value < 0.05.
Results: Both VB and TN files exhibited a significant increase in the basic canal geometry parameters including canal surface area and canal volume after canal instrumentation with no statistical significant differences between both files and with no considerable shaping mishaps or errors. Both file systems showed no significant changes in the SMI and dentin thickness after canal instrumentation. TN files demonstrated less straightening of the canal curvature compared to VB files with no statistically significant difference. Furthermore, TN files showed less cervical dentin removal when compared to VB files with no significant difference. A significant difference was found in TN group regarding dentin removal between coronal and apical thirds.
Conclusion: Vortex Blue and TruNatomy files produced comparable root canal preparation with no considerable shaping mishaps or errors. Both files induced minimal canal straightening after preparation. TN files resulted in less removal of cervical dentin compared to apical dentin.
Regression without regrets – initial data analysis is an essential prerequisite to multivariable regression
Authors: Heinze Georg , Baillie Mark , Lusa Lara , Sauerbrei Willi , Schmidt Carsten Oliver , Harrell Frank E. , Huebner Marianne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Statistical regression models are used for predicting outcomes based on the values of some predictor variables or for describing the association of an outcome with predictors. With a data set at hand, a regression model can be easily fit with standard software packages. This bears the risk that data analysts may rush to perform sophisticated analyses without sufficient knowledge of basic properties, associations in and errors of their data, leading to wrong interpretation and often questionable presentation of the modeling results. Ignorance about special features of the data such as redundancies or particular distributions may even invalidate the chosen analysis strategy. The main aim of initial data analysis (IDA) in the context of regression analyses is seen in providing knowledge about the data to confirm the appropriateness of or to refine a chosen model building strategy, to interpret the modeling results correctly, and to guide the presentation of modeling results. In order to facilitate reproducibility, IDA needs to be preplanned, an IDA plan should be included in the general statistical analysis plan of a research project, and results should be well documented. Biased statistical inference of the final regression model can be minimized if IDA abstains from evaluating associations of outcome and predictors, a key principle of IDA. We give advice on which aspects to consider in an IDA plan for data screening in the context of regression modeling to supplement the statistical analysis plan. We illustrate this IDA plan for data screening in an example of a typical diagnostic modeling project and give recommendations for data visualizations.