bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity of the Repetition-Counting Feature of the Push Band 2.0 at Different Repetition Speeds
Authors: VanZant River , Erickson Jacob , Dewar Madison , Williams Devin , Schmidt Michael D. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: To assess the interdevice reliability and validity of the repetition-counting feature of the Push Band 2.0. Methods: Thirty college-aged participants (aged 18–24 years) simultaneously wore two Push Band 2.0 devices and performed 10 common resistance training exercises at four different tempos over the course of two testing sessions. Twelve repetitions were completed with visual confirmation for each set of exercises and compared with repetition estimates from the Push Band 2.0. Interdevice reliability was quantified using single measures intraclass correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals while validity was assessed via mean absolute percent error and mean percent error. Results: Interdevice reliability was found to be good to very good regardless of exercise type or tempo, as all intraclass correlation coefficients were >.770. Validity of the repetition-counting feature of the device was dependent on both exercise type and tempo, as exercises that did not involve rotation of the device throughout the movement demonstrated greater mean absolute percent error (31.0% average of all four tempos) and mean percent error (−29.9% average of all four tempos) than those that required such rotation (average mean absolute percent error of 3.5% and mean percent error of −1.6% across all four tempos). Conclusions: This study supports the reliability of the repetition-counting feature of the Push Band 2.0. However, device accuracy appears to be dependent on the type of movement and the speed at which the movement is performed, with greater accuracy observed during faster exercise tempos and exercises involving rotation of the device during movement execution.
Complete genome sequence of
Brachybacterium
sp. GU-2 (Actinomycetota), isolated from the massive coral
Porites lobata
Authors: Shimpi Gaurav G. , De la Vega Pablo , Bentlage Bastian 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Brachybacterium
sp. GU-2 was isolated from the hard coral
Porites lobata
found in Apra Harbor, Guam, Micronesia. This genome sequence will be beneficial to understand the role of actinomycetes in coral holobionts. The
Brachybacterium
genome contains several gene clusters for bioactive compounds, including antibiotics.
Complete genome sequence of
Solobacterium moorei
JCM 10645
T
isolated from a human stool sample
Authors: Oshibuchi Kota , Yang Jiayue , Obana Nozomu , Fukuda Shinji , Arakawa Kazuharu 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Solobacterium moorei
JCM 10645
T
is an obligately anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium that was isolated from a human stool sample, generally known as a bacterium associated with sepsis, bacteremia, halitosis, and periodontal disease. In this study, we report the complete genome sequence of this strain, which is 2.615 Mbp with a 37.2% GC content.
Massive rare earth element storage in sub-continental lithospheric mantle initiated by diapirism, not by melting
Authors: Zhu XinXiang , Liu Yan , Hou Zengqian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential metals for modern technologies. Recent studies suggest that subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) remelting, previously fertilized by subducted marine sediments, leads to formation of REE-bearing rocks. However, the transfer mechanism of REE-rich sediments from the subducted slab to the overlying mantle wedge is unclear. We present high-pressure experiments on natural REE-rich marine sediments at 3–4 GPa and 800–1000 °C to constrain the phase relations, sediment melting behavior, and REE migration during subduction. Our results show recrystallization into an eclogite-like assemblage, with melting only occurring at 4 GPa, 1000 °C, experiments. Regardless of melting behavior, REE are refractory and mostly hosted by apatite. Buoyancy calculations suggest that most of the eclogite-like residues would form solid-state diapirs, ascending to the SCLM, resulting in the REE-fertilized source. Such flux may be required for substantial REE transport during subduction, as a foundation for economic-grade mineralization.
Is there an optimal place for holding the tracheal tube during intubation? A proof-of-concept randomised clinical trial
Authors: Sahoo Manisha , Tripathy Swagata , Mishra Nitasha , Saha Dona 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe optimal way to hold an endotracheal tube (ETT) during intubation has not been studied. In this randomised clinical trial, we examined the effect of site—holding the ETT in two different positions on time and ease of intubation by anaesthesia trainees.MethodsA single-centre, randomised trial of intubations of stable patients with uncomplicated airways was conducted from 15 September 2019 to 31 May 2021 in the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India. A previous pilot study performed in the unit determined the comparator positions for the ETT and the sample size for a 20% difference for the primary outcome of mean time to intubation (TTI). Patients were randomised at the time of the intubation; anaesthesia trainees held the ETT at 19 or 24 cm according to the patient’s assignment. Video recordings of intubations were independently reviewed by two assessors blinded to the assignment. Secondary outcomes were intubation success, ease of intubation and complications. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were performed.Results360 adults were randomised (180/arm) and intubated by 19 trainees. In intention-to-treat analysis, there was no significant difference in TTI. Sixteen times, trainees assigned to hold the ETT at 24 cm moved their grip distally (closer to the cuff) during the procedure. In a per-protocol analysis, TTI for those whose grip remained at 24 cm was shorter than those holding at 19 cm: 6.6 (SD 3.0) vs 7.6 (SD 4.2) s (95% CI for the difference 0.2 to 1.7 s), p=0.01. In both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses, there was no difference in first-pass success or ease of intubation between techniques. Eight patients assigned to 19 cm group and four assigned to 24 cm developed sore throats.ConclusionIn stable patients with uncomplicated airways, there was no significant difference in TTI based on the site at which trainees were assigned to hold the ETT. However, the shorter TTI at 24 cm in per-protocol analysis and fewer sore throat observed suggest this practice change warrants further investigation.Trial registration numberCTRI/ 2019/09/021201.
Fractures and faults across intrusion-induced forced folds: a georesource perspective
Authors: Magee Craig 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Intruding magma can create space by uplift and elastic bending of the overburden, which locally fractures the deforming volume and produces flat-topped or dome-like forced folds. Here, I map such fracture networks and quantify their geometry and connectivity across a range of natural and modelled intrusion-induced forced folds. I show that there is a positive relationship between forced fold length and amplitude, and all fracture networks comprise traces, with variable lengths and orientations, that are more intense and denser where fold curvature is greatest. Fracture length populations are typically best described by power-law distributions, but some fit better to log-normal or exponential distributions. Connectivity of fracture networks is low and generally increases with folding, but resurfacing by eruptive products can disrupt this trend. My work supports previous analyses of forced folds and fractures, suggesting that we can use the fracture characteristics of exposed forced folds to predict that of buried forced folds. Due to their geometry and fracture network, intrusion-induced forced folds make ideal fluid traps. As these forced folds are common in many volcanic settings and sedimentary basins, we should consider their potential as exploration targets for water, magmatic-related mineral and metal deposits, and particularly CO
2
storage.
One Mutation to Rule Them All: Mutant KRAS Controls Tumor Intrinsic and Microenvironment Signaling
Authors: Müller Sören , Krishnamurty Akshay T. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In a recent study published in Cancer Discovery, Hsu and colleagues employ an elegant combination of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing experiments from mouse and human colorectal cancer samples, patient-derived organoids, two-dimensional in vitro systems, and in vivo validation in genetically engineered colorectal cancer mouse models to investigate how mutant KRAS (KRAS*) impacts the tumor microenvironment. They identify a molecular signaling cascade downstream of KRAS* that activates a specific program of lipid-rich cancer-associated fibroblasts, promoting tumor angiogenesis and progression. These findings may lead to new therapeutic strategies for patients with colorectal cancer with KRAS*.
Evaluating the Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Health-Related Quality of Life Disparities in Patients with Esophageal Cancer: A SEER-MHOS National Database Study
Authors: Wu Trudy C. , Farrell Matthew J. , Karimi-Mostowfi Nicki , Chaballout Basil H. , Akingbemi Wisdom O. , Grogan Tristan R. , Raldow Ann C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
It is unclear whether health-related quality of life (HRQOL) disparities exist between racial/ethnic groups in older patients with esophageal cancer, pre- and post-diagnosis.

Methods:
Using the SEER-MHOS (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results and Medicare Health Outcomes Survey) national database, we included patients ages 65-years-old or greater with esophageal cancer diagnosed from 1996 to 2017. HRQOL data within 36 months before and after diagnosis were measured by the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores from the SF-36 and VR-12 instruments. Total combined score (TCS) was reflected by both PCS and MCS.

Results:
We identified 1,312 patients, with evaluable data on 873 patients pre-diagnosis and 439 post-diagnosis. On pre-diagnosis cohort MVA, the MCS was better for White over Hispanic patients (54.1 vs. 48.6, P = 0.012). On post-diagnosis cohort MVA, PCS was better for Hispanic compared with White (39.8 vs. 34.5, P = 0.036) patients, MCS was better for Asian compared with White (48.9 vs. 40.9, P = 0.034) patients, and TCS better for Asian compared with White (92.6 vs. 76.7, P = 0.003) patients.

Conclusions:
In older patients with esophageal cancer, White patients had better mental HRQOL as compared with Hispanic patients pre-diagnosis. However, post-diagnosis, White patients had worse mental and physical HRQOL compared with Asian and Hispanic patients, respectively, suggesting a greater negative impact on self-reported HRQOL in White patients with esophageal cancer.

Impact:
To our knowledge, this study is the first to explore HRQOL differences in patients with esophageal cancer of various racial and ethnic groups and warrants further validation in future studies.
Targeting Dysregulated Ion Channels in Liver Tumors with Venom Peptides
Authors: Achimba Favour , Faezov Bulat , Cohen Brandon , Dunbrack Roland , Holford Mandë 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The regulation of cellular processes by ion channels has become central to the study of cancer mechanisms. Designing molecules that can modify ion channels specific to tumor cells is a promising area of targeted drug delivery and therapy. Despite their potential in drug discovery, venom peptides—a group of natural products—have largely remained understudied and under-characterized. In general, venom peptides display high specificity and selectivity for their target ion channels. Therefore, they may represent an effective strategy for selectively targeting the dysregulation of ion channels in tumor cells. This review examines existing venom peptide therapies for different cancer types and focuses on the application of snail venom peptides in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of primary liver cancer worldwide. We provide insights into the mode of action of venom peptides that have been shown to target tumors. We also explore the benefit of using new computational methods like de novo protein structure prediction to screen venom peptides and identify potential druggable candidates. Finally, we summarize the role of cell culture, animal, and organoid models in developing effective therapies against HCC and highlight the need for creating models that represent the most disproportionately affected ethnicities in HCC.
Circulating Oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate as a Potential Biomarker for Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) Mutant Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Lee Cha Len , O'Kane Grainne M. , Mason Warren P. , Zhang Wen-Jiang , Spiliopoulou Pavlina , Hansen Aaron R. , Grant Robert C. , Knox Jennifer J. , Stockley Tracy L. , Zadeh Gelareh , Chen Eric X. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes catalyze the decarboxylation of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG). IDH1/2 mutations preferentially convert αKG to R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R2HG), resulting in R2HG accumulation in tumor tissues. We investigated circulating 2-hydroxyglutate (2HG) as potential biomarkers for patients with IDH-mutant (IDHmt) cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).
R2HG and S-2-hydroxyglutarate (S2HG) levels in blood and tumor tissues were analyzed in a discovery cohort of patients with IDHmt glioma and CCA. Results were validated in cohorts of patients with CCA and clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.
The R2HG/S2HG ratio (rRS) was significantly elevated in tumor tissues, but not in blood for patients with IDHmt glioma, while circulating rRS was elevated in patients with IDHmt CCA. There were overlap distributions of circulating R2HG and total 2HG in patients with both IDHmt and wild-type (IDHwt) CCA, while there was minimal overlap in rRS values between patients with IDHmt and IDHwt CCA. Using the rRS cut-off value of 1.5, the sensitivity of rRS was 90% and specificity was 96.8%.
Circulating rRS is significantly increased in patients with IDHmt CCA compare with patients with IDHwt CCA. Circulating rRS is a sensitive and specific surrogate biomarker for IDH1/2 mutations in CCA. It can potentially be used as a tool for monitoring IDH-targeted therapy.
Short‐ and Long‐Term Mortality for Patients With and Without a Cancer Diagnosis Following Pulmonary Embolism in Denmark, 2000 to 2020: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Madsen Sophie Fredslund , Christensen Daniel Mølager , Strange Jarl Emanuel , Nouhravesh Nina , Kümler Thomas , Gislason Gunnar , Lamberts Morten , Sindet‐Pedersen Caroline 
Published: November 2023

Background
New treatment regimens have been introduced in the past 20 years, which may influence the short‐ and long‐term prognosis for patients with and without a cancer diagnosis following pulmonary embolism. However, newer studies investigating these trends are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the 30‐ and 31‐ to 365‐day mortality following pulmonary embolism.

Methods and Results

Using the Danish nationwide registries, patients with a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism between 2000 and 2020 were included. Age‐ and sex‐standardized 30‐ and 31‐ to 365‐day mortality was calculated and stratified by cancer status. In total, 60 614 patients (29.6% with recent cancer; mean age, 68.2 years) were included. The 30‐day mortality for patients with no recent cancer decreased from 19.1% (95% CI, 17.9%–20.4%) in 2000 to 7.3% (95% CI, 6.7%–8.0%) in 2018 to 2020 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.36 [95% CI, 0.32–0.40];
P
<0.001). The 30‐day mortality for patients with recent cancer decreased from 32.2% (95% CI, 28.8%–36.6%) to 14.1% (95% CI, 12.7%–15.5%) (HR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.33–0.44];
P
<0.001). The 31‐ to 365‐day mortality for patients with no recent cancer decreased from 12.5% (95% CI, 11.4%–13.6%) to 9.4% (95% CI, 8.6%–10.2%) (HR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.64–0.83];
P
<0.001).The 31‐ to 365‐day mortality for patients with recent cancer remained stable: 39.4% (95% CI, 35.1%–43.7%) to 38.3% (95% CI, 35.9%–40.6%) (HR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.84–1.12];
P
=0.69).

Conclusions
From 2000 to 2020, improvements were observed in 30‐day mortality following pulmonary embolism regardless of cancer status. For patients with recent cancer, 31‐ to 365‐day mortality did not improve, whereas a minor improvement was observed for patients without recent cancer.
Association of Life's Essential 8 With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Rempakos Athanasios , Prescott Brenton , Mitchell Gary F. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Xanthakis Vanessa 
Published: November 2023

Background
The association of the American Heart Association's updated cardiovascular health score, the Life's Essential 8 (LE8), with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death is not described in the FHS (Framingham Heart Study).

Methods and Results

We evaluated Framingham Offspring participants at examinations 2 and 6 (n=2888 and 1667; and mean age, 44 and 57 years, respectively), free of CVD with information on LE8 components. Using age‐sex–adjusted Cox models, we related LE8 and its change (examination 2 to examination 6) with CVD and death risk and compared associations with those of the Life's Simple 7 score. Mean LE8 score at examination 2 was 67 points (minimum, 26 points; maximum, 100 points). At both examinations, participants were reclassified to a different cardiovascular health status, depending on which method (LE8 versus Life's Simple 7) was used (60% of participants in ideal Life's Simple 7 status were in intermediate LE8 category). On follow‐up after examination 2 (median, 30 and 33 years for CVD and death, respectively), we observed 966 CVD events, and 1195 participants died. Participants having LE8≥68 (sample median) were at lower CVD and death risk compared with those with LE8<68 (examination 2: CVD hazard ratio [HR], 0.47 [95% CI, 0.41–0.54]; death HR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.49–0.62]; all
P
<0.001). Participants maintaining low LE8 scores during life course were at highest CVD and death risk (CVD: HRs ranging from 1.8 to 2.3;
P
<0.001; death HR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.13–1.85];
P
=0.003 versus high‐high group).

Conclusions
Further studies are warranted to elucidate whether the LE8 score is a better marker of CVD and death risk, compared with Life's Simple 7 score.
Early Utilization of Mechanical Circulatory Support in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock: The National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative
Authors: Basir Mir B. , Lemor Alejandro , Gorgis Sarah , Patel Kirit C. , Kolski Brian C. , Bharadwaj Aditya S. , Todd Joshua W. , Tehrani Behnam N. , Truesdell Alexander G. , Lasorda David M. , Lalonde Thomas A. , Kaki Amir , Schrieber Theodore L. , Patel Nainesh C. , Senter Shaun R. , Gelormini Joseph L. , Marso Steven P. , Rahman Ayaz M. , Federici Robert E. , Wilkins Charles E. , Thomas McRae A. , Nsair Ali , Caputo Christopher P. , Khuddus Matheen A. , Chahin Juan J. , Dupont Allison G. , Goldsweig Andrew M. , Lim Michael J. , Kapur Navin K. , Wohns David H. W. , Zhou Yueren , Hacala Michael J. , O'Neill William W. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI‐CS) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices increase systemic blood pressure and end organ perfusion while reducing cardiac filling pressures.

Methods and Results
The National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative (NCT03677180) is a single‐arm, multicenter study. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of utilizing early MCS with Impella in patients presenting with AMI‐CS. The primary end point was in‐hospital mortality. A total of 406 patients were enrolled at 80 sites between 2016 and 2020. Average age was 64±12 years, 24% were female, 17% had a witnessed out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest, 27% had in‐hospital cardiac arrest, and 9% were under active cardiopulmonary resuscitation during MCS implantation. Patients presented with a mean systolic blood pressure of 77.2±19.2 mm Hg, 85% of patients were on vasopressors or inotropes, mean lactate was 4.8±3.9 mmol/L and cardiac power output was 0.67±0.29 watts. At 24 hours, mean systolic blood pressure improved to 103.9±17.8 mm Hg, lactate to 2.7±2.8 mmol/L, and cardiac power output to 1.0±1.3 watts. Procedural survival, survival to discharge, survival to 30 days, and survival to 1 year were 99%, 71%, 68%, and 53%, respectively.

Conclusions
Early use of MCS in AMI‐CS is feasible across varying health care settings and resulted in improvements to early hemodynamics and perfusion. Survival rates to hospital discharge were high. Given the encouraging results from our analysis, randomized clinical trials are warranted to assess the role of utilizing early MCS, using a standardized, multidisciplinary approach.
The neural dynamics of loss aversion
Authors: Nie Shaozhi , Wang Muzhi , Li Jian , Luo Huan , Zhang Hang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In human decision-making under risk, loss is typically valued more than the same amount of gain, a behavioral phenomenon known as loss aversion, which suggests that gain and loss are evaluated differently in the brain. Most previous neuroimaging studies focused on the brain regions that show differential responses to losses relative to gains. What is still largely unknown is how the neural processing of gain and loss may unfold in time and drives loss aversion. Here, we designed a gambling task ideal for investigating the temporal course of the valuation process and used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to track human participants’ brain activities for valuating gain and loss. Computational modeling of participants’ behaviors implies that the gain and loss presented simultaneously can compete for cognitive resources, during which loss signals dominate the valuation process, resulting in loss aversion. Indeed, time-resolved MEG analysis reveals that the evaluation process of loss terminated later for participants with higher loss aversion than those with lower loss aversion, though the gain valuation had similar temporal courses for different participants. These results suggest that the origin of loss aversion may lie in the neural dynamics of loss processing
Stationary Haptic Stimuli Do not Produce Ocular Accommodation in Most Individuals
Authors: Stark Lawrence R. , Shiraishi Kim , Sommerfeld Tyler 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the extent to which haptic stimuli can influence ocular accommodation, either alone or in combination with vision. Accommodation was measured objectively in 15 young adults as they read stationary targets containing Braille letters. These cards were presented at four distances in the range 20–50 cm. In the Touch condition, the participant read by touch with their dominant hand in a dark room. Afterward, they estimated card distance with their non-dominant hand. In the Vision condition, they read by sight binocularly without touch in a lighted room. In the Touch with Vision condition, they read by sight binocularly and with touch in a lighted room. Sensory modality had a significant overall effect on the slope of the accommodative stimulus–response function. The slope in the Touch condition was not significantly different from zero, even though depth perception from touch was accurate. Nevertheless, one atypical participant had a moderate accommodative slope in the Touch condition. The accommodative slope in the Touch condition was significantly poorer than in the Vision condition. The accommodative slopes in the Vision condition and Touch with Vision condition were not significantly different. For most individuals, haptic stimuli for stationary objects do not influence the accommodation response, alone or in combination with vision. These haptic stimuli provide accurate distance perception, thus questioning the general validity of Heath’s model of proximal accommodation as driven by perceived distance. Instead, proximally induced accommodation relies on visual rather than touch stimuli.