bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
D-ribose metabolic disorder and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tai Yu , Zhang Zehong , Liu Zhi , Li Xiaojing , Yang Zhongbin , Wang Zeying , An Liang , Ma Qiang , Su Yan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
D-ribose, an ubiquitous pentose compound found in all living cells, serves as a vital constituent of numerous essential biomolecules, including RNA, nucleotides, and riboflavin. It plays a crucial role in various fundamental life processes. Within the cellular milieu, exogenously supplied D-ribose can undergo phosphorylation to yield ribose-5-phosphate (R-5-P). This R-5-P compound serves a dual purpose: it not only contributes to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production through the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) but also participates in nucleotide synthesis. Consequently, D-ribose is employed both as a therapeutic agent for enhancing cardiac function in heart failure patients and as a remedy for post-exercise fatigue. Nevertheless, recent clinical studies have suggested a potential link between D-ribose metabolic disturbances and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) along with its associated complications. Additionally, certain in vitro experiments have indicated that exogenous D-ribose exposure could trigger apoptosis in specific cell lines. This article comprehensively reviews the current advancements in D-ribose’s digestion, absorption, transmembrane transport, intracellular metabolic pathways, impact on cellular behaviour, and elevated levels in diabetes mellitus. It also identifies areas requiring further investigation.
Revolutionizing cancer care strategies: immunotherapy, gene therapy, and molecular targeted therapy
Authors: Zafar Aasma , Khan Muhammad Jawad , Abu Junaid , Naeem Aisha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Despite the availability of technological advances in traditional anti-cancer therapies, there is a need for more precise and targeted cancer treatment strategies. The wide-ranging shortfalls of conventional anticancer therapies such as systematic toxicity, compromised life quality, and limited to severe side effects are major areas of concern of conventional cancer treatment approaches. Owing to the expansion of knowledge and technological advancements in the field of cancer biology, more innovative and safe anti-cancerous approaches such as immune therapy, gene therapy and targeted therapy are rapidly evolving with the aim to address the limitations of conventional therapies. The concept of immunotherapy began with the capability of coley toxins to stimulate toll-like receptors of immune cells to provoke an immune response against cancers. With an in-depth understating of the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and their relationship to disease prognosis, molecular targeted therapy approaches, that inhibit or stimulate specific cancer-promoting or cancer-inhibitory molecules respectively, have offered promising outcomes. In this review, we evaluate the achievement and challenges of these technically advanced therapies with the aim of presenting the overall progress and perspective of each approach.
Genetically confirmed coexistence of neurofibromatosis type 1 and Cherubism in a pediatric patient
Authors: Sarantou Sofia , Marinakis Nikolaos M. , Traeger-Synodinos Joanne , Siomou Ekaterini , Ntinopoulos Argyrios , Serbis Anastasios 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder typified by various combination of numerous Café-au-lait macules, cutaneous and plexiform neurofibromas, freckling of inguinal or axillary region, optic glioma, Lisch nodules and osseous lesions. Cherubism is a rare genetic syndrome described by progressive swelling of the lower and/or upper jaw due to replacement of bone by fibrous connective tissue. Patients are reported in the literature with NF1 and cherubism-like phenotype due to the NF1 osseous lesions in the jaws. The purpose of this case report is the description of a young male genetically diagnosed with both NF1 and cherubism.

Methods and results
A 9 years and six month old patient with clinical findings of NF1 and cherubism in whom both diseases were genetically confirmed, is presented. The patient was evaluated by a pediatrician, a pediatric endocrinologist, an ophthalmologist, and an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. A laboratory and hormonal screening, a histological examination, a chest X-ray, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the orbit and a digital panoramic radiography were performed. Genetic testing applying Whole Exome Sequencing was conducted.

Conclusions
A novel and an already reported pathogenic variants were detected in NF1 and SH3BP2 genes, respectively. This is the first described patient with coexistence of NF1 and cherubism. The contribution of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in gene variant identification as well as the importance of close collaboration between laboratory scientists and clinicians, is highlighted. Both are essential for optimizing the diagnostic approach of patients with a complex phenotype.
Energy-efficient secure dynamic service migration for edge-based 3-D networks
Authors: Zheng Guhan , Navaie Keivan , Ni Qiang , Pervaiz Haris , Zarakovitis Charilaos 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn communication networks, where users are highly mobile, migrating edge servers that are performing services closer to users, i.e., service migration, is essential to maintain the high quality of service (QoS). However, existing dynamic service migration techniques face two distinct challenges: (1) The security and energy consumption of service migration systems need to be optimised urgently; (2) The uncertainty of user movement makes it difficult to develop optimal service migration strategies, especially in future three-dimensional (3-D) communication networks. To address these challenges, we propose a novel energy-efficient secure 3-D dynamic service migration framework for communication networks. We then quantify the cost of service migration based on the proposed framework considering security, energy efficiency and delay and present a solution based on a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach to make migration decisions optimally in the 3-D communication network. We also propose a universal formula for measuring the reliability value of intelligent autonomous nodes in order to reduce the energy consumption and delay of the proposed security paradigm and to optimise the service migration decision making. Simulation results demonstrate our proposed migration strategy for 3-D communication network services outperforms the baseline solutions in terms of reducing communication network delay and energy consumption while preserving migration security. Moreover, the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed reliability value calculation approach applied to improve the QoS in the secured edge networks.
Treating periprocedural bleeding in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Sabate Antoni , Scarlatescu Ecaterina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPatients with cirrhosis are known to have an abnormal coagulation status, which is a particular concern when planning invasive procedures in which blood loss is possible or predictable. Careful consideration must be given to the bleeding risk for each individual patient and coagulation management strategies should be established in advance of procedural interventions, where possible. Perioperative clinical decision-making should utilize viscoelastic testing in addition to usual assessments, where possible, and focus on the well-established three pillars of patient blood management: optimization of erythropoiesis, minimization of bleeding and blood loss, and management of anemia. Restrictive transfusion policies, careful hemostatic monitoring, and a proactive approach to predicting and preventing bleeding on an individual patient basis should be central to managing perioperative bleeding in the fragile patient population with cirrhosis. This review discusses coagulation assessments and bleeding management techniques necessary before, during, and after surgical interventions in patients with cirrhosis, and provides expert clinical opinion and physician experience on the perioperative management of these patients.
Diverse roles played by “Pseudomonas fluorescens complex” volatile compounds in their interaction with phytopathogenic microrganims, pests and plants
Authors: Raio Aida 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPseudomonas fluorescens complex consists of environmental and some human opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. It includes mainly beneficial and few phytopathogenic species that are common inhabitants of soil and plant rhizosphere. Many members of the group are in fact known as effective biocontrol agents of plant pathogens and as plant growth promoters and for these attitudes they are of great interest for biotechnological applications. The antagonistic activity of fluorescent Pseudomonas is mainly related to the production of several antibiotic compounds, lytic enzymes, lipopeptides and siderophores. Several volatile organic compounds are also synthesized by fluorescent Pseudomonas including different kinds of molecules that are involved in antagonistic interactions with other organisms and in the induction of systemic responses in plants. This review will mainly focus on the volatile compounds emitted by some members of P. fluorescens complex so far identified, with the aim to highlight the role played by these molecules in the interaction of the bacteria with phytopathogenic micro and macro-organisms and plants.
Making Your Own Luck: Weak Vertical Swimming Improves Dispersal Success for Coastal Marine Larvae
Authors: Meyer Alexander D. , Hastings Alan , Largier John L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDispersive early life stages are common in nature. Although many dispersing organisms (“propagules”) are passively moved by outside forces, some improve their chances of successful dispersal through weak movements that exploit the structure of the environment to great effect. The larvae of many coastal marine invertebrates, for instance, swim vertically through the water column to exploit depth-varying currents, food abundance, and predation risk. Several swimming behaviors and their effects on dispersal between habitats are characterized in the literature, yet it remains unclear when and why these behaviors are advantageous. We addressed this gap using a mathematical model of larval dispersal that scored how well behaviors allowed larvae to simultaneously locate habitats, avoid predators, and gather energy. We computed optimal larval behaviors through dynamic programming, and compared those optima against passive floating and three well documented behaviors from the literature. Optimal behaviors often (but not always) resembled the documented ones. However, our model predicted that the behaviors from the literature performed robustly well, if not optimally, across many conditions. Our results shed light on why some larval behaviors are widespread geographically and across species, and underscore the importance of carefully considering the weak movements of otherwise passive propagules when studying dispersal.
The efficiency of zinc sulfate immersion bath on improved wound healing via promoting antioxidant activity, gene expression biomarkers, and skin re-epithelization in a common carp-induced wound model
Authors: El-Adl Mohamed , Rezk Shaymaa , Ali Mayar , Lashen Samah , Fouda Moustafa , El Sebaei Mahmoud G. , Shukry Mustafa , Abdelkhalek Nevien , Naiel Mohammed A. E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe experiment was designed to examine the influence of employing three doses of ZnSO4 on the wound healing process in partially scaled common carp. A total of 240 healthy common carp fish (52.3 ± 0.9 g) were randomly allocated into four equal groups in triplicate (20 each). The first group left without any zinc sulfate treatment and served as a control group, while the second group through the fourth group were immersed in a zinc sulfate bath at a dose of 2.09, 1.05, and 0.53 mg/L corresponding to 1/5, 1/10, and 1/20 of 96 h LC50 of Zn, (Zn/5, Zn/10, and Zn/20, respectively). After wound induction, tissue specimens were collected within three different intervals (6 h, 24 h, 72 h, and 14 days). The results indicated that the Zn/5 fish group induced doubled folding increments in the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 after 6 h compared to other groups, whereas collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1α1) and metallothionein (Met) genes exhibited a triple folding increment compared to Zn/10 and a fivefold increase compared to control after two days of wound induction. Moreover, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)‐7 genes showed a dose-dependent manner of expression at all examined points after wound induction. Also, all estimated antioxidant biomarker (superoxide-dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione, GSH; and malonaldehyde, MDA) activities were boosted in the Zn/5 group till three days of wound induction compared to all groups. In addition, the reepithelization score and histological alteration results revealed clear improvement in the Zn/5 group, as most muscle fibers appeared regular, straight, and parallel arranged. In contrast, other groups exhibited a detectable limited area of disrupted muscle fibers. Finally, it could be concluded that the ZnSO4 immersion bath at 1/5 of the calculated LC50 effectively enhanced the healing process and skin reepithelization.
Geochemical transformations of sulfur and their role in the formation of different types and subtypes of saline lakes in Southeastern Transbaikalia
Authors: Borzenko S. V. , Fedorov I. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study focused on the chemistry and isotopes of sulfur in lakes. The bottom sediments and water columns of lakes were found to contain reduced forms of sulfur, including hydrogen sulfide ions, elemental sulfur, and thiosulfate ions, along with sulfate ions. It was determined that elemental sulfur in lakes is present mainly in the form of suspensions and colloids, and the proportion of elemental sulfur in polysulfides increases with increasing water pH. It was shown that sulfate reduction results in the greatest isotope fractionation, with a light sulfur isotope accumulating in hydrogen sulfide ions and a heavy sulfur isotope accumulating in sulfate ions. It was confirmed that the abiotic reaction of hydrogen sulfide with oxygen yields a mixture of products that are depleted in 34S and enriched in 34S in hydrogen sulfide. In contrast, the microbial oxidation of HS− → S0 yields zerovalent sulfur, which is 2–4‰ heavier than the initial product. It was shown that the loss of sulfate ions due to bacterial reduction is most significant in subtype-I and subtype-III chloride and soda lakes. In contrast, in subtype-II sulfate and soda lakes, an increase in sulfate ions was noted due to the oxidation of hydrogen sulfides in water-bearing rocks and bacterial hydrogen sulfide. This finding indicated that in addition to evaporation, the formation of a particular type and subtype of saline lake involves the processes of aluminosilicate hydrolysis, sulfate reduction and hydrogen sulfide oxidation.
A simplistic approach for monitoring meteorological drought over arid regions: a case study of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Swain Sabyasachi , Mishra Prabhash Kumar , Nandi Saswata , Pradhan Biswajeet , Sahoo Sashikanta , Al-Ansari Nadhir 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe commonly used precipitation-based drought indices typically rely on probability distribution functions that can be suitable when the data exhibit minimal discrepancies. However, in arid and semi-arid regions, the precipitation data often display significant discrepancies due to highly irregular rainfall patterns. Consequently, imposing any probability distributions on the data for drought analysis in such regions may not be effective. To address this issue, this study employs a novel drought index called the Discrepancy Precipitation Index (DPI), specifically designed for arid regions. Unlike traditional methods, the DPI does not impose a probability distribution on the precipitation data; instead, it relies on the discrepancy between the data and the mean value. Drought severity classifications (i.e., Drought-I, Drought-II, and Drought-III) are proposed based on the DPI values. The DPI is used to characterize and assess the meteorological drought years based on annual and monsoonal precipitation over nineteen districts in Western Rajasthan, India, during 1901–2019. Additionally, a novel statistic called Discrepancy Measure (DM) is employed to assess the degree of discrepancy in the precipitation climatology of the districts for annual and monsoon precipitation time series. Based on annual precipitation, Jaisalmer district exhibited the highest number of historical drought years (35), whereas three districts, i.e., Jhunjhunu, Dausa, and Bhilwara exhibited the lowest number of drought years (11). Similarly, based on monsoon precipitation, Jaisalmer and Bhilwara encountered the highest (34) and the lowest (11) number of drought years, respectively. The return period of Drought-II is lower for monsoon precipitation-based DPI as compared to that of the annual precipitation-based DPI for all the districts. The DM and DPI-based total number of droughts are found to be strongly correlated for both annual and monsoon precipitation. The DM value is highest for Jaisalmer and lowest for Bhilwara district. The findings reveal DPI as an efficient tool for assessing drought years, particularly in arid climatic conditions. Moreover, as the DM value increases for a precipitation series, the DPI becomes more effective in capturing drought events.
Assessing the fouling behavior of PTFE membrane in air-gap membrane distillation against oil-in-brine stabilized emulsions
Authors: Mansi Amr E. , El-Marsafy Sahar M. , Elhenawy Yasser , Bassyouni Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the fouling behavior in membrane operations is crucial for designing an effective treatment sequence. The membrane materials, feed characteristics, and operating conditions affect the fouling behavior. In this study, the fouling behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane in membrane distillation was assessed after the treatment of oil-in-brine stabilized emulsions. Membrane backwash by water in membrane distillation partially restored the membrane’s initial condition and eliminated salt fouling. Moreover, the effect of feed pretreatment by ultrafiltration on the fouling of the subsequent PTFE membrane was investigated. Remarkable improvements in salt rejection (> 98.5%) and oil rejection (> 96%) were observed for the hybrid system. Extensive characterizations were carried out to evaluate the fouling behavior. Surface morphology and elemental analysis revealed the nature of foulants. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was utilized to study the change in the surface chemistry of the membranes after being subjected to the oily brine feed. No peak shifting was observed indicating no chemical bonding between the organic contaminants and the membrane surface. Further elaboration of the results was achieved by measuring the mechanical stability and contact angle of the membranes. Reduction in the mechanical properties and water contact angle of the membranes was observed after fouling and wetting. Results indicated that ultrafiltration was an effective pretreatment process for membrane distillation using PTFE membrane. However, more unit operations should be incorporated to enhance the membranes’ integrity.
Aging effect on the adsorption behavior of microfibers obtained from cigarette butts in aqueous solutions
Authors: Zahmatkesh Anbarani Mohaddeseh , Esmaeili Nasrabadi Afsaneh , Bonyadi Ziaeddin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe issue of cigarette butts is an environmental crisis that has affected the world. Despite their small size, CBs are one of the most common types of solid waste found in public places, particularly in coastal areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the adsorption behavior of microfibers obtained from cigarette butts on tetracycline before and after aging. 1 g of CBs was added to 50 mL of distilled water and stirred at 220 rpm for 2 h, then filtered through Whatman 0.45 µm filter paper, and the resulting MFs were dried at 60 °C for 24 h. To simulate aging, the MFs were subjected to an ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 80 Hz and a power of 70 W for 4 h. The adsorption behavior of aged and fresh MFs was investigated using solutions containing TTC in the range of 5–20 mg/L. This study showed that ultrasonically aged MFs had a greater tendency to adsorb TTC than fresh MFs due to an increased surface area and changes in surface chemistry. It can be concluded that as the age of MFs increases, they adsorb more concentration of pollutants. This can lead to increased contamination of MFs in the presence of contaminants.
Historical marine footprint for Atlantic Europe, 1500–2019
Authors: Holm Poul , Hayes Patrick , Nicholls John 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver the last 500 years, Europe (excluding Russia) consumed over 2500 million tonnes of ocean biomass. This is based on detailed historical data that we provide for human consumption per capita which was stable from 1500 to 1899 and tripled in the twentieth century. In the last 300 years, cod and herring dominated human seafood consumption. Whaling for non-food uses peaked in the 1830s and declined as cetaceans became scarce. Seafood consumption increased rapidly after 1900, and by the late 1930s, annual marine consumption in Atlantic Europe reached 7 million tonnes of biomass, facilitated by the globalisation of whaling. Atlantic European consumption, including fishmeal for animal feed, peaked at more than 12 million tonnes annually in the 1970s, but declined thereafter. The marine footprint of Atlantic Europe was significant well before modern fisheries statistics commenced. Our findings can inform future assessments of ocean health and marine life’s importance for human society.
Effect of Beam-Column Connection Types on the Response Modification Factors of Steel Frames
Authors: Elhout Emad A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA key component of steel structural design is the careful selection of structural modeling joints in steel structures, as the behavior of the joints affects the structure's strength and displacement characteristics. According to the capacity for transferring moment, connections in the analysis of frames are categorized as rigid, semi-rigid, or pinned. Also, the response modification factor (R-factor) is an effective parameter used in the seismic design of structures. However, the influence of the beam-column connection's stiffness factor on the response modification factor did not seem to have been considered in seismic design codes. Consequently, the R-factor under static pushover and dynamic loading is being studied for moment-resisting steel frames (MRSFs) with 3-, 6-, and 12-story using three different forms of beam-column connections depending on the connections' stiffness (m). The rigidities of the connections are taken 20, 10, and 5 for rigid, stiff semi-rigid, and flexible semi-rigid connections, respectively. The MRSFs are subjected to ten records with varying frequency contents and ground motion durations. The ductility reduction factor (Rμ), the over-strength reduction factor (Ro), and the R-factor were determined. The results indicated that the beam-column connection rigidity factors affected the R0, Rμ, and R-factors. Also, the R-factors were more affected by the rigidity factors for the beam-column connections and the number of story frames.