bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connection to nature: A student perspective
Authors: Duke Jessica R. , Holt Emily A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConnection to nature has been linked to increased physical and mental health and increased performance of sustainable behaviors for individuals more connected to nature. Understanding why humans, especially younger generations, are connected to nature is an important tool for both public and environmental health. Our work used a qualitative, phenomenological study design to examine university biology students' descriptions of others' connection to nature, the frequency with which students predict their own connection to nature, and students' descriptions of the discrepancies between their prediction of their own connection to nature and their score on the Environmental Identity Scale. We found that students' descriptions of both their own and others' connection to nature centered around (1) beliefs, characteristics, looks, or other qualities of a person's identity that describe their relationship to nature and (2) specific behaviors or actions taken by a person that either directly or indirectly affect the environment. Further, most students accurately predicted their own connection to nature. Our study provides a novel analysis of students' perceptions of connection to nature that could inform programs and curricula designed to increase connection to nature in university students.
Detection of dendritic cell subsets in the tumor microenvironment by multiplex immunohistochemistry
Authors: van der Hoorn Iris A.E. , Martynova Evgenia , Subtil Beatriz , Meek Jelena , Verrijp Kiek , Textor Johannes , Flórez‐Grau Georgina , Piet Berber , van den Heuvel Michel M. , de Vries I. Jolanda M. , Gorris Mark A. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are essential in antitumor immunity. In humans, three main DC subsets are defined: two types of conventional DCs (cDC1s and cDC2s) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). To study DC subsets in the tumor microenvironment (TME), it is important to correctly identify them in tumor tissues. Tumor‐derived DCs are often analyzed in cell suspensions in which spatial information about DCs which can be important to determine their function within the TME is lost. Therefore, we developed the first standardized and optimized multiplex immunohistochemistry panel, simultaneously detecting cDC1s, cDC2s, and pDCs within their tissue context. We report on this panel's development, validation, and quantitative analysis. A multiplex immunohistochemistry panel consisting of CD1c, CD303, X‐C motif chemokine receptor 1, CD14, CD19, a tumor marker, and DAPI was established. The ImmuNet machine learning pipeline was trained for the detection of DC subsets. The performance of ImmuNet was compared with conventional cell phenotyping software. Ultimately, frequencies of DC subsets within several tumors were defined. In conclusion, this panel provides a method to study cDC1s, cDC2s, and pDCs in the spatial context of the TME, which supports unraveling their specific roles in antitumor immunity.
28π Non‐Fused Hexaphyrin: Synthesis, Protonation Triggered Möbius Aromaticity and Structural Properties
Authors: Dash Syamasrit , Ghosh Arindam , Bandyopadhyay Suritra , Kalita Pankaj , Vishwakarma Rampal , Srinivasan A. , Suresh Cherumuttathu H. , Chandrashekar Tavarekere K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSynthesis of core‐modified 28π non‐fused hexaphyrin is reported. The optical and 1H NMR spectral analysis reveals the non‐aromatic nature of the macrocycle in its freebase form at 298 K. However, the non‐aromatic nature of the macrocycle remains unaltered upon lowering the temperature. The structural elucidations for the freebase macrocycle also justify the non‐aromaticity of the freebase 8, where the thiophene units of the 1,2 diphenyl 1,2 dithienyl ethene moiety is deviated maximum from the overall macrocyclic framework. Protonation on the imino pyrrolic nitrogens results in single–crystal X‐ray structures of 8 which show essential distortion in macrocyclic framework needed for the effective π‐electron delocalization, attaining Möbius aromaticity. The Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) values for the freebase and protonated macrocycles are −2.0 ppm and −5.6 ppm. The Anisotropy Induced Current density shows the clockwise delocalization of current density vectors. Overall, the spectral, structural and theoretical analysis suggests nonaromatic in freebase and Möbius aromatic nature of the protonated hexaphyrin.
Strategies for Carbon Electrophile Addition to Carbonyls and Imines by Cobalt Catalysis
Authors: Kokić Branislav , Vulović Bojan , Jović Miloš , Andrijević Ana , Ajdačić Vladimir , Opsenica Igor M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe addition of carbon electrophiles to carbonyls and imines has emerged as a valuable strategy for the construction of C−C bonds. The merger of this concept with sustainable cobalt catalysis has yielded numerous innovative methodologies. Remarkable functional group tolerance and selectivity have been observed in many cases, providing reliable methods for bond construction. The cobalt‐catalyzed additions of carbon electrophiles to carbonyls, imines and carboxylic acid derivatives described in this review include the earliest reports, such as Takai‐Utimoto Co/Cr co‐catalyzed additions and their progression, as well as modern variants, exemplified by recent Co/photoredox co‐catalyzed protocols. The systematic appraisal of this modern strategy provides a clearer perspective and inspiration for its further development.
Electroclinical features and phenotypic differences in adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency: Long‐term follow‐up of seven patients from four families and appraisal of the literature
Authors: Cutillo Gianni , Masnada Silvia , Lesca Gaetan , Ville Dorothée , Accorsi Patrizia , Giordano Lucio , Pichiecchio Anna , Valente Marialuisa , Borrelli Paola , Ferraro Ottavia Eleonora , Veggiotti Pierangelo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveAdenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) deficiency is a rare inherited metabolic disorder with a wide phenotypic presentation, classically grouped into three types (neonatal, type I, and type II). We aim to better delineate the pathological spectrum, focusing on the electroclinical characteristics and phenotypic differences of patients with ADSL deficiency.Patients and MethodsSeven patients, from four different families, underwent serial electroencephalogram (EEG), clinical assessment, and neuroimaging. We also performed a systematic review of the cases published in the literature, summarizing the available clinical, neurophysiological, and genetic data.ResultsWe report seven previously unreported ADSL deficiency patients with long‐term follow‐up (10–34 years). From the literature review, we collected 81 previously reported cases. Of the included patient population, 58 % (51/88) were classified as having ADSL deficiency type I, 28% (25/88) as having type II, and 14% (12/88) as having neonatal. The most frequently reported pathogenic variants are p.R426H homozygous (19 patients), p.Y114H in compound heterozygosity (13 patients), and p.D430N homozygous (6 patients). In the majority (89.2%), disease onset was within the first year of life. Epilepsy is present in 81.8% of the patients, with polymorphic and often intractable seizures. EEG features seem to display common patterns and developmental trajectories: (i) poor general background organization with theta‐delta activity; (ii) hypsarrhythmia with spasms, usually adrenocorticotropic hormone‐responsive; (iii) generalized epileptic discharges with frontal or frontal temporal predominance; and (iv) epileptic discharge activation in sleep with an altered sleep structure. Imaging features present consistent findings of cerebral atrophy with frontal predominance, cerebellar atrophy, and white matter abnormalities among the three types.SignificanceADSL deficiency presents variable phenotypic expression, whose severity could be partially attributed to residual activity of the mutant protein. Although a precise phenotype‐genotype correlation was not yet feasible, we delineated a common pattern of clinical, neuroradiological, and neurophysiological features.
Value of ultralong‐term subcutaneous EEG monitoring for treatment decisions in temporal lobe epilepsy: A case report
Authors: Hirsch Martin , Novitskaya Yulia , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTreatment decisions in epilepsy critically depend on information on the course of the disease, its severity and options for specific local interventions. We here report a patient with pharmaco‐resistant non‐lesional temporal lobe epilepsy with evidence for predominant right temporal epileptogenesis. While seizure frequency had been grossly underestimated for many years, ultralong‐term monitoring with a subcutaneous EEG device revealed actual seizure frequency (66 over 11 months vs four patient‐documented seizures), providing objective data on treatment efficacy and additional supportive lateralizing information that played a decisive role for the choice of surgical treatment, which had been rejected by the patient prior to this information.
Real‐world antiseizure medication treatment outcomes in drug‐resistant focal epilepsy patients
Authors: Hatoum Hind T. , Arcona Steve , Mao Jianbin , Walton Surrey 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo gather real‐world evidence on antiseizure medications (ASMs) treatment patterns and related outcomes in patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy.MethodsMedical insurance claims from the start of 2014 till the end of 2019 were used. Patient selection criteria included International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes followed by documented ASM use. Baseline patient demographics along with ASM and rescue medication use patterns and related patient outcome were documented for first (index) ASM regimen. Patients who failed the first regimen and then failed the second regimen were considered drug resistant. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify risks and other characteristics for positive or negative treatment outcomes.ResultsStudy cohort consisted of 46 474 patients with a mean age of 47.23 (SD: 16.94). Levetiracetam was the most first‐encountered ASM (37.94%). At baseline, 87.14% were treated with ASMs prior to having study‐confirmed diagnoses. Mental comorbidities were present in 37.86% of patients. After first‐year ASM treatment, 34.61% of patients persisted on their index regimen and 5.91% were seizure‐free. Patients failing first ASM regimen numbered 12 868 (27.69%). Drug‐resistant patients who failed first and then second ASM regimens numbered 6335 (49.23%). Percentages of patients who had successful second treatment and seizure‐free were 21.32 and 3.65, respectively.Initiating patients on lamotrigine or carbamazepine (relative to levetiracetam), baseline use of index ASM, rescue medications, and older age or male gender all lowered the risk for treatment failure. Having higher comorbidity, comorbid mental illness, headache, or neoplasty increased such a risk. Baseline use of index ASM, depressive episode, or anxiety disorder all entailed higher risk of failing second ASM treatment.SignificanceOverall, reported findings indicated that patient history at baseline and the early selection of an ASM all influenced treatment outcomes. Findings pointed to the complex nature of ASM treatment in drug‐resistant focal epilepsy patients calling for additional research to identify the optimal treatment to achieve beneficial patient outcomes.
Nanofluids effect on the overall transfer coefficients change mechanism analysis
Authors: Zhu Hao , Fan Liwen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe understanding of the enhanced thermal conductivity mechanism in nanofluids remains elusive, underscoring the necessity for investigating their influence on heat conduction. A comparative analysis was carried out on the overall heat transfer coefficients of SiO2, TiO2, MgO, ZrO2, CeO2, Al2O3, and Fe3O4, yielding 346.5, 442.9, 569.2, 465.6, 663.2, 562.4, and 706.2 W/m2 K, respectively. Our investigation further extended to the differential impacts of various nanofluids on heat transfer conduction coefficients, with Fe3O4 nanofluids demonstrating the greatest, and SiO2 the least, heat transfer coefficients. Importantly, these nanofluids play a cooperative role in enhancing heat transfer coefficients. Previous studies have largely concentrated on the effects of individual and mixed nanofluids on overall heat transfer coefficients, neglecting the combined effects of different nanofluids. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain vague, with insufficient corresponding characterizations. Our study seeks to address these limitations. We also studied the impact of nanofluid concentration, pH, and temperature on heat conduction. Our results suggest that the overall heat transfer coefficient escalates with increasing nanofluid concentration and temperature. For example, the overall heat transfer coefficients for SiO2 nanofluids surged from 346.5 W/m2 K at 25°C to 369.4 W/m2 K at 35°C, 411.4 W/m2 K at 45°C, and 427.6 W/m2 K at 55°C. A rise in pH also led to an increase in overall heat transfer coefficients up to a certain point, after which they started decreasing. The zeta potentials of the aforementioned nanofluids were −12.1, −24.8, −28.6, −23.2, −35.9, −31.3, and −40.4 mV, respectively, and these potentials dwindled with an increase in pH. The influence of nanofluids on overall heat transfer may have implications for the enhanced oil recovery effect.
Performance analysis of dual‐hop dual‐branch amplify‐and‐forward relaying cooperative diversity system using best‐path selection technique over Nakagami‐m fading channels
Authors: Aqel Arwa Sh. , Al‐Mistarihi Mamoun F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne of the promising technologies for achieving virtual diversity gains is cooperative relaying. This study considers a dual‐hop dual‐branch cooperative diversity system with an amplify‐and‐forward mechanism where the hop count here means the total number of relays between source and destination which equals two. Utilizing the best‐path selection combining technique, a closed‐form formula for the average bit error rate and outage probability is obtained. Furthermore, between the nodes in the two branches, we consider independent non‐identical Nakagami‐m slow flat fading channels. The Monte Carlo simulation results are confirmed with the analytical ones.
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Recovery in Yellowstone Lake: Complex Interactions Among Invasive Species Suppression, Disease, and Climate Change
Authors: Glassic Hayley C , Chagaris David D , Guy Christopher S , Tronstad Lusha M , Lujan Dominique R , Briggs Michelle A , Albertson Lindsey K , Brenden Travis O , Walsworth Timothy E , Koel Todd M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, the largest inland population of nonhybridized Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri, hereafter Cutthroat Trout, declined throughout the 2000s because of predation from invasive Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush, drought, and whirling disease Myxobolus cerebralis. To maintain ecosystem function and conserve Cutthroat Trout, a Lake Trout gill netting suppression program was established in 1995, decreasing Lake Trout abundance and biomass. Yet, the response of Cutthroat Trout to varying Lake Trout suppression levels, collectively with the influence of disease and climate, is unknown. We developed an ecosystem model (calibrated to historical data) to forecast (2020–2050) whether Cutthroat Trout would achieve recovery benchmarks given disease, varying suppression effort, and climate change. Lake Trout suppression influenced Cutthroat Trout recovery; current suppression effort levels resulted in Cutthroat Trout recovering from historical lows in the early 2000s. However, Cutthroat Trout did not achieve conservation benchmarks when incorporating the influence of disease and climate. Therefore, the National Park Service intends to incorporate age-specific abundance, spawner biomass, or both in conservation benchmarks to provide better indication of how management actions and environmental conditions influence Cutthroat Trout. Our results illustrate how complex interactions within an ecosystem must be simultaneously considered to establish and achieve realistic benchmarks for species of conservation concern.
The effect of Chlorella supplementation in pregnant women with low‐grade inflammation
Authors: Uchiyama‐Tanaka Yoko , Shimabukuro Fumi , Okumura Eri , Fujishima Masaki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPregnancy dramatically changes maternal metabolism and the microbiome. Low‐grade inflammation can cause maternal complications and fetal abnormalities. The objective of this open‐label, randomized, controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of orally administered Chlorella, a green alga that is commercially available as a dietary supplement with rich nutrients and dietary fiber for pregnant women with low‐grade inflammation. Patients with C‐reactive protein levels >0.05 mg/dL (16 weeks gestation, n = 22) were enrolled and randomly allocated to the Chlorella group (n = 10) or control group (n = 12). We conducted blood biochemical tests at 25, 30, and 35 weeks gestation and evaluated the evacuation status (symptoms depending on the Rome IV C2 criteria and laxative usage), side effects, and complications throughout the investigation. We also monitored the status of the offspring. The Chlorella group (n = 0) showed a significantly lower rate of constipation than the control group (n = 8). This study demonstrated the beneficial effects and safety of Chlorella supplementation in pregnant women, which prevented constipation and unnecessary laxative administration.
Salinity and cultivar effects on alfalfa forage yield and nutritive value in a Mediterranean climate
Authors: Anderson Aaron W. , Gull Umair , Benes Sharon E. , Singh Simarjeet , Hutmacher Robert B. , Brummer Edward Charles , Putnam Daniel H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundSoil and water salinity are increasing problems worldwide, causing significantly reduced crop yields. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is often listed as salt‐sensitive, but field testing of improved cultivars is limited. Forage systems and improved high‐quality alfalfa varieties are needed to enable crop production under high salinity (HS) conditions.MethodsThe objective of this study was to measure the yield and quality response of alfalfa to high saline conditions in the field and to document the relative saline tolerance of its varieties. HS irrigation water (electrical conductivity of water, or ECw 8.0–11.0 dS m−1) was applied to 33 nondormant alfalfa cultivars and were compared with low salinity (LS) treatments (ECw 0.5–1.2 dS m−1) over 4 years in a Mediterranean environment on a clay loam soil utilizing a split‐plot design. Crops were harvested seven to eight times per year, and the forage quality was measured on selected harvests utilizing near‐infrared spectroscopy.ResultsThe average yield loss due to HS treatment was 23.9% compared with LS treatment, but yields averaged 23.4 Mg ha−1 under HS over the 3 full years of production. This level of production is considered to be economically viable in this region. Differences in salinity tolerance between lines were identified in the field; individual cultivars lost 5%–35% of their LS yield when grown under HS conditions. Forage quality was significantly improved under HS versus LS conditions, but improvements were negatively correlated with biomass yield (R2 > 0.81), similar to responses observed in drought‐stressed alfalfa.ConclusionsThese yield results confirm greenhouse studies, indicating that alfalfa is highly salt tolerant once established in the field, with potential for further improvement with tolerant cultivars. Salinity tolerance should be chosen based on total biomass yield as well as on the salinity tolerance index (HS yield relative to LS yield). Agronomic practices to mitigate salinity and sodicity are critical, along with improved cultivars.
Experience and views of healthcare professionals towards people who use new psychoactive substances: Evidence from statutory, non‐statutory, and private mental health and addiction healthcare services
Authors: Solomon David , Grierson Jeffrey , Godier‐McBard Lauren , Guirguis Amira 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveIt is unclear how healthcare professionals (HCPs) experience and view the challenges of working with people who use New Psychoactive Substances (PWUNPS), in different healthcare services (HCS). The aim of the study was to explore HCPs' experiences of working with individuals who use NPS across statutory, non‐statutory, and private mental health and addiction HCSs.MethodsHCPs completed in‐depth semi‐structured interviews. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim with a mean duration of 30 min 55 s. Data were analysed through thematic analysis.ResultsA purposive sample of 14 HCPs (6 men, 8 women) with a mean age of 42.5 years were interviewed in 2019. Organisational issues, including funding, impacted the treatment for PWUNPS and HCPs perceived a lack of support dependent on their qualifications. They reported a lack of assessment, policy, harm reduction, and awareness of NPS‐related symptoms including mental health problems and stigma faced by PWUNPS.ConclusionHCPs need better training, education, and assessment processes to manage acute NPS intoxications and address the stigma associated with PWUNPS. There is a need for policy‐making opportunities across different HCSs to ensure better healthcare outcomes for PWUNPS.
Exploring the experiences of autistic pupils through creative research methods: Reflections on a participatory approach
Authors: Lewis Kathryn , Hamilton Lorna G. , Vincent Jonathan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe use of creative qualitative research methods in psychology and other disciplines has increased over recent decades to address power imbalances within research and to centre the voices of participants. These considerations are particularly salient when conducting research with historically marginalized groups, including neurodivergent people. However, research foregrounding the first‐person perspectives of neurodivergent children is still limited. In this paper, we discuss the application of creative qualitative research methods when conducting research with neurodivergent children with a range of communication and wider skill profiles. The benefits and challenges of each method are considered, drawing on examples from the first phase of an ongoing longitudinal study. Additional considerations for working ethically and respectfully with neurodivergent children are discussed. Readers are encouraged to consider how best to adapt their research protocols when working with neurodivergent children, in order to minimize research hierarchies, build positive relationships, and produce rich and meaningful data.