bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
School counselors' experiences of promoting elementary school students' health literacy during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Diniaty Amirah , Mukhalid Agus , Riswani Riswani , Darwin Darwin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to document the emotional experiences of school counselors in promoting elementary school students' health literacy during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Six school counselors were voluntarily recruited as participants and invited to be interviewed. Interview data were analyzed using Andy Hargreave's (2001) emotional geography. Findings show that school counselors felt dissatisfied, forced, and lonely when they promoted elementary school students' health literacy remotely using synchronous and asynchronous modes during the pandemic. School counselor skills should be capable of promoting elementary school students' health literacy after the COVID‐19 pandemic and beyond.
Local anesthetic systemic toxicity: An effort to identify knowledge gaps across specialties
Authors: Rudra Renuka , Probert Allan , Ceasar Justin , Romanoski Natasha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPhysical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) physicians are trained to perform interventional procedures using local anesthetics (LAs) to reduce pain and enhance function and quality of life. LA administration is not benign and one potential complication is local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). Anesthesiologists also perform interventions with LAs; however, training on LAST may differ between medical specialties.ObjectiveTo investigate if a gap exists in the knowledge of LAST between physiatry and anesthesiology physicians.DesignProspective cross‐sectional survey study.Setting and ParticipantsAll residents, fellows, and attendings of the anesthesiology and PM&R departments at a single academic medical center.Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome measures include participants' self‐reported exposure to LAST education and comfort with their LAST knowledge as recorded on a Likert scale, as well as the percentage of correctly answered knowledge‐based questions on the topic.ResultsFifty‐eight physicians including 28 PM&R and 30 anesthesiology physicians (24 attending and 34 trainees) participated. Anesthesiology trainees and attendings exhibited greater overall perceived knowledge of LAST (trainees U = 43, p < .001; attendings U = 9, p < .001), with greater exposure to LAST education (trainees U = 16.5, p < .001; attendings U = 12, p < .001). Assessment of responses to knowledge‐based questions on LAST revealed a statistically significant knowledge gap between PM&R and anesthesia trainees (t = 6.62, p = <.001) as well as between attending groups (t = 3.25, p = <.01).ConclusionThis study reveals a distinction in both the subjective and objective knowledge of LAST between PM&R and anesthesiology physicians at a single academic institution. This suggests that there is opportunity for further assessment of the education on LAST among physiatrists and residents in training.
Benefits of adaptive cognitive training on cognitive abilities in women treated for primary breast cancer: Findings from a 1‐year randomised control trial intervention
Authors: Chapman Bethany , Louis Courtney C. , Moser Jason , Grunfeld Elizabeth A. , Derakshan Nazanin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveWhile adaptive cognitive training is beneficial for women with a breast cancer diagnosis, transfer effects of training benefits on perceived and objective measures of cognition are not substantiated. We investigated the transfer effects of online adaptive cognitive training (dual n‐back training) on subjective and objective cognitive markers in a longitudinal design.MethodsWomen with a primary diagnosis of breast cancer completed 12 sessions of adaptive cognitive training or active control training over 2 weeks. Objective assessments of working memory capacity (WMC), as well as performance on a response inhibition task, were taken while electrophysiological measures were recorded. Self‐reported measures of cognitive and emotional health were collected pre‐training, post‐training, 6‐month, and at 1‐year follow‐up times.ResultsAdaptive cognitive training resulted in greater WMC on the Change Detection Task and improved cognitive efficiency on the Flanker task together with improvements in perceived cognitive ability and depression at 1‐year post‐training.ConclusionsAdaptive cognitive training can improve cognitive abilities with implications for long‐term cognitive health in survivorship.
Bridging population pharmacokinetic and semimechanistic absorption modeling of APX3330
Authors: Silva Larissa L. , Stratford Robert E. , Messmann Richard , Kelley Mark R. , Quinney Sara K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAPX3330 ((2E)‐2‐[(4,5‐dimethoxy‐2‐methyl‐3,6‐dioxo‐1,4‐cyclohexadien‐1‐yl)methylene]‐undecanoic acid), a selective inhibitor of APE1/Ref‐1, has been investigated in treatment of hepatitis, cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and macular edema. APX3330 is administered orally as a quinone but is rapidly converted to the hydroquinone form. This study describes the pharmacokinetics of APX3330 and explores effect of food on absorption. Total plasma quinone concentrations of APX3330 were obtained following oral administration from studies in healthy Japanese male subjects (single dose‐escalation; multiple‐dose; food‐effect) and patients with cancer patients. Nonlinear mixed effects modeling was performed using Monolix to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters and assess covariate effects. To further evaluate the effect of food on absorption, a semi‐physiologic pharmacokinetic model was developed in Gastroplus to delineate effects of food on dissolution and absorption. A two‐compartment, first order absorption model with lag time best described plasma concentration‐time profiles from 49 healthy Japanese males. Weight was positively correlated with apparent clearance (CL/F) and volume. Administration with food led to an 80% higher lag time. CL/F was 41% higher in the cancer population. The semi‐physiologic model indicates a switch from dissolution‐rate control of absorption in the fasted‐state to gastric emptying rate determining absorption rate in the fed‐state. Oral clearance of APX3330 is higher in patients with cancer than healthy Japanese males, possibly due to reduced serum albumin in patients with cancer. Delayed APX3330 absorption with food may be related to higher conversion to the more soluble but less permeable hydroquinone form in the gastrointestinal tract. Future work should address pharmacokinetic differences between APX3330 quinone and hydroquinone forms.
Multistate modeling for survival analysis in critically ill patients treated with meropenem
Authors: Peng Yaru , Minichmayr Iris K. , Liu Han , Xie Feifan , Friberg Lena E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAppropriate antibiotic dosing to ensure early and sufficient target attainment is crucial for improving clinical outcome in critically ill patients. Parametric survival analysis is a preferred modeling method to quantify time‐varying antibiotic exposure – response effects, whereas bias may be introduced in hazard functions and survival functions when competing events occur. This study investigated predictors of in‐hospital mortality in critically ill patients treated with meropenem by pharmacometric multistate modeling. A multistate model comprising five states (ongoing meropenem treatment, other antibiotic treatment, antibiotic treatment termination, discharge, and death) was developed to capture the transitions in a cohort of 577 critically ill patients treated with meropenem. Various factors were investigated as potential predictors of the transitions, including patient demographics, creatinine clearance calculated by Cockcroft–Gault equation (CLCRCG), time that unbound concentrations exceed the minimum inhibitory concentration (fT>MIC), and microbiology‐related measures. The probabilities to transit to other states from ongoing meropenem treatment increased over time. A 10 mL/min decrease in CLCRCG was found to elevate the hazard of transitioning from states of ongoing meropenem treatment and antibiotic treatment termination to the death state by 18%. The attainment of 100% fT>MIC significantly increased the transition rate from ongoing meropenem treatment to antibiotic treatment termination (by 9.7%), and was associated with improved survival outcome. The multistate model prospectively assessed predictors of death and can serve as a useful tool for survival analysis in different infection scenarios, particularly when competing risks are present.
Coloring lines and Delaunay graphs with respect to boxes
Authors: Tomon István 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to show the existence (using probabilistic tools) of configurations of lines, boxes, and points with certain interesting combinatorial properties. (i) First, we construct a family of lines in whose intersection graph is triangle‐free of chromatic number . This improves the previously best known bound by Norin, and is also the first construction of a triangle‐free intersection graph of simple geometric objects with polynomial chromatic number. (ii) Second, we construct a set of points in , whose Delaunay graph with respect to axis‐parallel boxes has independence number at most . This extends the planar case considered by Chen, Pach, Szegedy, and Tardos.
Community influence on microfinance loan defaults under crisis conditions: Evidence from Indian demonetization
Authors: Adbi Arzi , Lee Matthew , Singh Jasjit 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryThe microfinance “group lending” approach has achieved widespread success in promoting high rates of repayment, and thus the viability of financial access, in very low‐income environments. Yet group lending, which relies on social connections between borrowers to reinforce repayment, may be vulnerable under crisis conditions in which defaults are commonplace. We explore this possibility in the context of the liquidity crisis that followed India's 2016 demonetization policy. Using proprietary data on the repayment behavior of about two million microfinance borrowers, we find evidence of disproportionate localization of defaults within lending communities. Further analysis reveals evidence consistent with borrower‐to‐borrower spread of defaults not only through formal joint‐liability connections but also through informal community‐level connections, the latter effect being especially pronounced for borrowers from the same religion.Managerial SummaryMicrofinance lenders have successfully employed a “group lending” approach that holds borrowers within a small group responsible for each other's loans, thus creating strong social pressures for repayment. The findings of this study underscore potential vulnerabilities in the group lending model during economic crises. We analyze the loan repayment behavior of two million microfinance borrowers during a liquidity crisis precipitated by India's 2016 demonetization policy, finding that the resulting defaults were clustered within particular lending communities. Further analysis suggests that social processes within communities played a role in spreading defaults, not only through formal ties between borrowers who were responsible for each other's repayments, but also through informal social ties. The estimated effect of informal social ties was particularly strong for borrowers who shared the same religion.
Degradation Evolution for Li2ZrCl6 Electrolytes in Humid Air and Enhanced Air Stability via Effective Indium Substitution
Authors: Luo Xuming , Hu Xiaoyu , Zhong Yu , Wang Xiuli , Tu Jiangping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSuperionic halides have aroused interests in field of solid electrolytes such as Li2ZrCl6. However, they are still facing challenges including poor air stability which lacks in‐depth investigation. Here, moisture instability of Li2ZrCl6 is demonstrated and decomposition mechanism in air is clearly revealed. Li2ZrCl6 decomposes into Li2ZrO3, ZrOCl2·xH2O and LiCl during initial stage as halides upon moisture exposure. Later, these side products evolve into LiCl(H2O) and Li6Zr2O7 after longer time exposure. More importantly, structure of destroyed halides cannot be recovered after postheating. Later, Indium is doped into Li2ZrCl6 (9.7 × 10−5 S cm−1) to explore its effect on structure and properties. Crystal structure of ball‐milled In‐doped Li2ZrCl6 electrolytes is converted from the Li3YCl6‐like to Li3InCl6‐like with increasing In content and ionic conductivity can also be enhanced (0.768–1.13) × 10−3 S cm−1). More importantly, good air stability of optimal Li2.8Zr0.2In0.8Cl6 is achieved since halide hydrates are formed after air exposure instead of total decomposition and the hydrates can be restored to Li2.8Zr0.2In0.8Cl6 after postheating. Moreover, reheated Li2.8Zr0.2In0.8Cl6 after air exposure is successfully applied in solid‐state LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2/halides/Li6PS5Cl/Li–In battery. The results in this work can provide insights into air instability of Li2ZrCl6 and effective strategy to regulate air stability of halides.
Stretchable, Programmable and Magnet‐Insensitive Protonic Display Based on Integrated Ionic Circuit
Authors: An Yao , Yang Zhaoxiang , Yang Yongjia , Li Xinlei , Zheng Xinjia , Chen Zhiwu , Wu Xun , Xu Beihang , Wang Yapei , He Yonglin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs a new approach to “More than Moore”, integrated ionic circuits serve as a possible alternative to traditional electronic circuits, yet the integrated ionic circuit composed of functional ionic elements and ionic connections is still challenging. Herein, a stretchable and transparent ionic display module of the integrated ionic circuit has been successfully prepared and demonstrated by pixelating a proton‐responsive hydrogel. It is programmed to excite the hydrogel color change by a Faraday process occurring at the electrode at the specific pixel points, which enables the display of digital information and even color information. Importantly, the display module exhibits stable performance under strong magnetic field conditions (1.7 T). The transparent and stretchable nature of such ionic modules also allows them to be utilized in a broad range of scenarios, which paves the way for integrated ionic circuits.
Near‐Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of miRNA Using a Transmembrane Polypeptide‐Based Genetic Reporter
Authors: Shu Wen‐Jie , Ma Zhe , Tian Xiaojie , Wang Fu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play important regulatory roles in multiple biological processes. Many miRNAs exhibit unique expression patterns and are considered as theranostic biomarkers in a variety of human diseases. A reporter system that is capable of imaging miRNA in vivo is crucial for investigating miRNA biology. In the present study, an organic anion‐transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3)‐based genetic switch system is designed and optimized to achieve near‐infrared fluorescent imaging of miRNA by the uptake of indocyanine green (ICG) dye. The reporter system, named miR‐ON‐OB3, is shown to be efficient to regulate the expression of OATP1B3 in mammalian cells. Notably, the results indicate that the system is of high sensitivity for near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of both exogenous and endogenous miRNA in mammalian cells. Moreover, the system is proved to be functional for real‐time near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of miRNA in living mice. This study establishes a novel genetic encoded reporter for near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of miRNA, which may provide a potential tool for in vivo imaging of miRNA in clinical applications due to the clinical availability of ICG.
Next‐Generation Preclinical Functional Testing Models in Cancer Precision Medicine: CTC‐Derived Organoids
Authors: Huang Lanxiang , Xu Yaqi , Wang Na , Yi Kezhen , Xi Xiaodan , Si Huaqi , Zhang Qian , Xiang Ming , Rong Yuan , Yuan Yufeng , Wang Fubing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBasic and clinical cancer research requires tumor models that consistently recapitulate the characteristics of prima tumors. As ex vivo 3D cultures of patient tumor cells, patient‐derived tumor organoids possess the biological properties of primary tumors and are therefore excellent preclinical models for cancer research. Patient‐derived organoids can be established using primary tumor tissues, peripheral blood, pleural fluid, ascites, and other samples containing tumor cells. Circulating tumor cells acquired by non‐invasive sampling feature dynamic circulation and high heterogeneity. Circulating tumor cell‐derived organoids are prospective tools for the dynamic monitoring of tumor mutation evolution profiles because they reflect the heterogeneity of the original tumors to a certain extent. This review discusses the advantages and applications of patient‐derived organoids. Meanwhile, this work highlights the biological functions of circulating tumor cells, the latest advancement in research of circulating tumor cell‐derived organoids, and potential application and challenges of this technology.
Rationale, design, and cohort characteristics of the Action for Health in Diabetes Aging study
Authors: Espeland Mark A. , Houston Denise K. , Hayden Kathleen M. , Bahnson Judy L. , Huckfeldt Peter J. , Chen Haiying , Walkup Michael P. , Neiberg Rebecca H. , Yang Mia , Beckner Tara , Wagenknecht Lynne E. ,   for the Look AHEAD Aging Study Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDiabetes and overweight/obesity are described as accelerating aging processes, yet many individuals with these conditions maintain high levels of cognitive and physical function and independence late into life. The Look AHEAD Aging study is designed to identify 20‐year trajectories of behaviors, risk factors, and medical history associated with resilience against geriatric syndromes and aging‐related cognitive and physical functional deficits among individuals with these conditions.METHODSLook AHEAD Aging extends follow‐up of the cohort of the former 10‐year Look AHEAD trial. The original cohort (N = 5145) was enrolled in 2001 to 2004 when participants were aged 45 to 76 years and randomly assigned to a multidomain intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) or a diabetes support and education (DSE) condition. The trial interventions ceased in 2012. Clinic‐based follow‐up continued through 2020. In 2021, the cohort was invited to enroll in Look AHEAD Aging, an additional 4‐year telephone‐based follow‐up (every 6 months) enhanced with Medicare linkage. Standardized protocols assess multimorbidity, physical and cognitive function, health care utilization, and health‐related quality of life.RESULTSOf the original N = 5145 Look AHEAD participants, N = 1552 active survivors agreed to participate in Look AHEAD Aging. At consent, the cohort's mean age was 76 (range 63 to 94) years and participants had been followed for a mean of 20 years. Of the original Look AHEAD enrollees, those who were younger, female, or with no history of cardiovascular disease were more likely to be represented in the Look AHEAD Aging cohort. Intervention groups were comparable with respect to age, diabetes duration, body mass index, insulin use, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive function. ILI participants had significantly lower deficit accumulation index scores.DISCUSSIONBy continuing the long‐term follow‐up of an extensively characterized cohort of older individuals with type 2 diabetes, Look AHEAD Aging is well positioned to identify factors associated with resilience against aging‐related conditions.
The economic costs of COVID‐19 in a rural Western US state
Authors: Nguyen Elaine , Buder Iris , Geisler Karl , Fore Elizabeth 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe impact of the coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has been felt worldwide. While the United States appears to be on path to recovery, the economic burden and rising medical care expenditures associated with the pandemic remains in the trillions of dollars. Utilizing data from the US Department of Health and Human Services and FAIR Health, this study estimates the economic burden of COVID‐19 for Idaho was estimated through assessment of direct medical costs and indirect costs for years 2020–2021. Total direct medical hospital costs associated with COVID‐19, among adults, were estimated as the sum of hospital costs associated with inpatient visits. The cost of testing was included in the direct cost assessment, with data from the Idaho Division of Public Health and Medicare Administrative Contractor payment rates. To determine indirect absenteeism costs, daily cases were multiplied by 7 to account for days of missed productivity; this number was then multiplied by an employment‐adjusted average daily wage to obtain a lost productivity dollar value. Lastly, premature mortality costs were estimated based on the lost value of future earnings. Results show that in 2020, the associated direct and indirect costs of COVID‐19 amounted to over $608 million and increased to over $1.3 billion in 2021 for the state of Idaho. As the pandemic lingers on with new variants and mutations, rising costs will continue to place a heavy burden on many Idahoans, who are already often face disparate health outcomes and access to health care.
Staying Proximate
Authors: Rantala Outi , Kinnunen Veera , Höckert Emily , Grimwood Bryan S. R. , Hurst Chris E. , Jóhannesson Gunnar Thór , Jutila Salla , Ren Carina , Stinson Michela J. , Valtonen Anu , Vola Joonas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe introductory chapter ‘Staying proximate’ welcomes the reader to stay with more-than-human relations in present times of ecological crisis, known as the age of the Anthropocene. The chapter joins feminist, postcolonial, and Indigenous environmental scholars’ call for more nuanced alternatives to the Anthropocenic imaginary, ones that attend to the multiplicity, difference, and uneven distribution of more-than-human responsibilities, vulnerabilities, and sufferings in the world. We seek alternatives to the distancing, generalising, and even apocalyptic imaginaries of the Anthropocene by engaging with mundane beings, relations, and places in the north. By gathering around uncomfortable concerns, we develop modes of proximity as affirmative entry points underlining the commitment to stay with the trouble in caring, sensitive, and thoughtful ways. We suggest openness, affinity, engagement, irritation, middleness, and scopic modes of attuning to and engaging with more-than-human worlds. It is these modes of attuning to our proximate relations that provide a radical standpoint of proximity that intensifies, enriches, and complicates our research inquiries in such times of all-encompassing ecological turmoil.
Sensing Morally Evocative Spaces
Authors: Granås Brynhild 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Norwegian outfields make up convoluted more-than-human public spaces. Throughout its nation-building process, being an outdoor culture combining hikers, trekkers, and skiers has been inscribed into the national identity of Norway. Facilitated by allemannsretten (the right to roam), the recreational leisure use of the outfields has however increased and diversified steadily during recent decades. The contestations that have accompanied the manifold and growing use of allemannsretten have unveiled that the obligation to utilise the right ‘with consideration and due care’ implies responsibilities that are altogether unclear. In this chapter, Brynhild Granås approaches the moral practices of outdoor people through an embodied exploration of the knowing–caring nexus based on autoethnographic engagements with her own lifelong practising of a mobile outdoor life in Arctic Norway. By describing how proximity, in terms of corporeal engagements with a landscape, incites learning and energises commitment and care, the chapter suggests that landscapes grow upon us as relatable moral substances through encounters that connect to and are invigorated by the morally evocative spaces of outdoor lives. The perspective takes us beyond historical and geographical dichotomies through investigations of how care and commitment are remoulded by more-than-human relational ethical practices.