bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large highway tunnels under operating metro lines in the soils of Santiago – Design and Control approach
Authors: Toledo Mauricio , Cárcamo Víctor , Silva Diego 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Américo Vespucio Oriente II Concession (AVOII), part of the Urban Transport System of the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile, includes the closure of the 65 km Américo Vespucio Ring in highway standard. The project involves the construction of two mostly parallel urban soil tunnels 5.2 km in length and three lanes in each direction and it will run below the existing Américo Vespucio Avenue. At the same time, it goes below the underground Metro Line 4 currently in operation. Skava Consulting SpA was hired by Metro as an expert reviewer of underground and surface works. The objective is to ensure that the existing Metro structures will not be affected by the construction or the operation of AVOII. The work involved highly complex 3D models. In search of a more efficient way to review the design, it was agreed to do finite difference models in the critical areas of the project. A total of 32 proper models were created. All of them proved to be useful in validating and correcting findings or deviations in the original design. Considering the above, and that the project runs at depths of 40 m in average – which for Santiago soil is uncommonly deep – it faces the challenge of an extremely low tolerance for disturbances in the surrounding ground. For this reason, specific subway rail deformation criteria must be fulfilled, and the surface and subsurface deformations must be monitored very frequently during the construction of the tunnel, due to commence in 3Q 2023.
Functional brain connectivity predicts sleep duration in youth and adults
Authors: Mummaneni Anurima , Kardan Omid , Stier Andrew J. , Chamberlain Taylor A. , Chao Alfred F. , Berman Marc G. , Rosenberg Monica D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSleep is critical to a variety of cognitive functions and insufficient sleep can have negative consequences for mood and behavior across the lifespan. An important open question is how sleep duration is related to functional brain organization which may in turn impact cognition. To characterize the functional brain networks related to sleep across youth and young adulthood, we analyzed data from the publicly available Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset, which includes n‐back task‐based and resting‐state fMRI data from adults aged 22–35 years (task n = 896; rest n = 898). We applied connectome‐based predictive modeling (CPM) to predict participants' mean sleep duration from their functional connectivity patterns. Models trained and tested using 10‐fold cross‐validation predicted self‐reported average sleep duration for the past month from n‐back task and resting‐state connectivity patterns. We replicated this finding in data from the 2‐year follow‐up study session of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, which also includes n‐back task and resting‐state fMRI for adolescents aged 11–12 years (task n = 786; rest n = 1274) as well as Fitbit data reflecting average sleep duration per night over an average duration of 23.97 days. CPMs trained and tested with 10‐fold cross‐validation again predicted sleep duration from n‐back task and resting‐state functional connectivity patterns. Furthermore, demonstrating that predictive models are robust across independent datasets, CPMs trained on rest data from the HCP sample successfully generalized to predict sleep duration in the ABCD Study sample and vice versa. Thus, common resting‐state functional brain connectivity patterns reflect sleep duration in youth and young adults.
Trading HIV for sheep: Risky sexual behavior and the response of female sex workers to Tabaski in Senegal
Authors: Cust Henry , Lépine Aurélia , Treibich Carole , Powell‐Jackson Timothy , Radice Rosalba , Tidiane Ndour Cheikh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe use a cohort of female sex workers (FSWs) in Senegal to show how large anticipated economic shocks lead to increased risky sexual behavior. Exploiting the exogenous timing of interviews, we study the effect of Tabaski, the most important Islamic festival celebrated in Senegal, in which most households purchase an expensive animal for sacrifice. Condom use, measured robustly via the list experiment, falls by between 27.3 percentage points (pp) (65.5%) and 43.1 pp (22.7%) in the 9 days before Tabaski, or a maximum of 49.5 pp (76%) in the 7 day period preceding Tabaski. The evidence suggests the economic pressures from Tabaski are key to driving the behavior change observed through the price premium for condomless sex. Those most exposed to the economic pressure from Tabaski were unlikely to be using condoms at all in the week before the festival. Our findings show that Tabaski leads to increased risky behaviors for FSWs, a key population at high risk of HIV infection, for at least 1 week every year and has implications for FSWs in all countries celebrating Tabaski or similar festivals. Because of the scale, frequency, and size of the behavioral response to shocks of this type, policy should be carefully designed to protect vulnerable women against anticipated shocks.
The role of primary health care in improving health status, financial protection and health equity in the context of China's health system reform
Authors: Zhu Dawei , Shi Xuefeng , Chen Siyuan , Ye Xin , Nicholas Stephen , He Ping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundStronger primary health care (PHC) is critical to achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. However, there is scarce evidence on the impact of PHC on health system performance in developing countries. Since 2009, China has implemented an ambitious health system reform, among which PHC has received unprecedented attention. This study investigates the role of PHC resource in improving health status, financial protection and health equity.MethodsWe obtained province‐level and individual‐level data to conduct a longitudinal study across the period of China's health system reform. The dependent variables included health outcomes and financial protection. The independent variables were the number of PHC physicians and share of PHC physicians in all physicians. Mixed‐effect models were used for adjusted associations.ResultsFrom 2003 to 2017, the number of PHC physicians slightly increased by 31.75 per 100,000 persons and the share of PHC physicians in all physicians increased by 3.62 percentage points. At the province level, greater PHC physician density was positively associated with life expectancy, negatively associated with age‐standardized excess mortality, infectious disease mortality, perinatal mortality low birth weight, as well as the share of health expenses in total consumption expenses. At the individual and household level, greater PHC physician density was positively associated with self‐assessed health, and negatively associated with incidence of catastrophic health expenditures. Compared to other quintiles, the poorest quintile benefited more from PHC physician density.ConclusionsIn China, an increased PHC physician supply was associated with improved health system performance. While China's PHC system has been strengthened in the context of China's health system reforms, further effective incentives should be developed to attract more qualified PHC workers.
Breast cancer knowledge and practice of breast self‐examination among Palestinian female, West Bank: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Jobran Afnan W. M. , Banat Mohamad A. , Awad Bashar Yaser , Warasna Haya J. , Taqatqa Yasmeen R. , Jawabreh Mahmoud , Abualrub Yasmeen R. , Brimo Alsaman Muhamad Zakaria , Owais Tarek A. , Salman Saif 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWorldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently discovered tumor in women. Breast self‐examination (BSE) is a helpful screening method that gives women more control over their bodies by educating them about the structures of their breasts and assisting in the early detection of any developing breast abnormalities. The purpose of this research was to assess Palestinian girls' degree of BSE awareness and practice.MethodA self‐administered questionnaire was used to gauge participants' knowledge about BC and associated topics. Through an online survey, all girls above the age of 20 are encouraged to take part in the study. Female university students at academic levels I, II, III, and IV in Palestine were also invited to participate in the study by way of an online survey.ResultsThe study included 467 female participants, with 69% of the individuals being single. The majority of females (68.7%) scored poorly on knowledge of BC disease (possible risk, methods of detection, methods of diagnosis, methods of treatment, signs and symptoms, information about mammography, and other knowledge questions), whereas only 31.7% scored well.ConclusionBC, which is thought to be the most common malignant development among them and the second leading cause of cancer mortality, is one of the issues that women in the West Bank face. Screening methods are crucial for the early detection of BC and for lowering disease‐related morbidity and mortality. It has been advised that starting at age 20, every woman should take the BSE.
3D digital polarization‐holographic wavelet histology in determining the duration of mechanical damage to the myocardium
Authors: Ushenko Alexander , Zheng Jun , Litvinenko Alexandra , Gorsky Mykhaylo , Wanchuliak Oleh , Dubolazov Alexander , Ushenko Yuriy , Soltys Iryna , Salega Olexander , Chen Zhebo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe aimed developing and experimentally validating methods for 3D scale‐selective polarimetry of multiply scattered fields in diffuse myocardium layers for mechanical myocardial injury prescription histological differential diagnostics. We used the synthesis of diffuse object field polarization‐interference registration and polarization‐inhomogeneous field digital holographic reconstruction and layer‐by‐layer complex amplitudes distributions The method for selection single and diffuse object field multiply scattered components polarization maps is proposed. The conditions for eliminating the distorting influence of a depolarized background high level are found. On the basis of еру object field single scattered component polarization maps a large‐scale selective wavelet analysis the criteria (markers) for mechanical myocardial injury different prescription diagnosis was determinate. Excellent accuracy mechanical injury myocardium necrotic changes with different duration using polarization‐interference wavelet differentiation were achieved.
Valorization of coffee bean husk via pressurized liquid extraction for production of physicochemical extract
Authors: Costa Arielli Juliane Neres , Stevanato Natália , Raspe Djéssica Tatiane , Cardozo‐Filho Lúcio , da Silva Camila 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, obtaining phytochemical compounds from coffee bean husk (Arabica variety) under pressurized conditions (PLE) was investigated. For this, an experimental design was applied to evaluate the efficiency of the extraction in different conditions of temperature, solvent to husk ratio, and composition of the hydroethanolic solvent, and to determine the maximum extraction conditions of total phenolic acids (TPA). The dry extract obtained under different conditions and by Soxhlet extraction was characterized.RESULTSThe conditions evaluated in the PLE showed that the composition of the hydroethanolic solvent had a greater influence on the results and the maximum extraction of TPA in the liquid extract (3.61 mg CAE 100 ghusk−1) was achieved with 50% (v/v) ethanol in solvent, 45 mL g−1 and 80 °C. Under these operational conditions, the extract obtained showed high mass yield (GY) and antioxidant activity (AA). Under pressurized conditions, synergism between operational variables and the presence of phytochemical compounds could be observed. Comparing the techniques, PLE provided a higher GY and AA, demonstrating the efficiency and selectivity of this technique in obtaining biologically active compounds. The main phenolic acids identified in the dry extract were gallic and chlorogenic, indicating an important role as an antioxidant and suggesting potential for its use.CONCLUSIONPLE is a potential method for green extraction to obtain a phytochemical extract from coffee bean husk; when associated with the recovery of compounds by obtaining the dry extract, PLE presents advantages related to storage and handling, thus representing a starting point for the development of nutraceuticals that can be easily used as ingredients or additives in the chemical industry. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in bacterial meningitis: A systematic review
Authors: Batino Laurence Kristoffer J. , Cinco Mark Timothy T. , Navarro Jose C. , Badillo Stephanie Patricia J. , Qureshi Adnan I. , Sharma Vijay K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeBacterial meningitis remains a global threat due to its high mortality. It is estimated that >1.2 million cases of bacterial meningitis are reported annually. Intracranial vasculopathy is an important, under‐documented complication, easily detected by transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography. Following the PRISMA Guidelines, we reviewed the utility of TCD in bacterial meningitis.MethodsThis is a systematic review of observational studies on the use of TCD in patients with CSF‐proven bacterial meningitis. Characteristic changes in TCD parameters along the course of the disease, correlation of TCD findings with neuroimaging, and functional outcomes were evaluated.ResultsNine studies were included with a total of 492 participants (mean age of 42). The most common TCD finding was intracranial arterial stenosis of the MCA (50%–82%) and ischemia (33%) was the predominant neuroimaging finding. The presence of an abnormal TCD finding increased the risk of poor outcomes as high as 70%.ConclusionsPatients diagnosed with bacterial meningitis who underwent TCD show alterations in cerebral blood flow, correlating with imaging findings and poor outcomes. It aids in the diagnosis of its sequelae and can predict the prognosis of its outcome. TCD is a cost‐effective, reliable modality for diagnosing vasculopathy associated with bacterial meningitis. It may prove useful in our armamentarium of management. Large prospective studies with long‐term follow‐up data may help establish the use of TCD in bacterial meningitis.
Laparoscopic versus open liver resection for multiple hepatocellular carcinoma within and beyond the Milan criteria: An Eastern‐Western propensity score–matched analysis
Authors: Cassese Gianluca , Han Ho‐Seong , Lee Eunhye , Lee Boram , Lee Hae Won , Cho Jai Young , Montalti Roberto , Troisi Roberto Ivan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is still little knowledge about the outcomes of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for multiple hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). The aim of this study was to assess the short‐ and long‐ term outcomes of LLR versus open liver resection (OLR) for patients with multiple HCC within and beyond the Milan criteria, and in both BCLC‐A and ‐B stage.MethodsData regarding all consecutive patients undergoing liver resection for multiple HCC were retrospectively collected from Asian (South Korean) and European (Italian) referral HPB centers. The cases were propensity‐score matched for age, BMI, center, extent of the resection, postero‐superior location of the lesion, underlying liver condition, BCLB staging and the Milan criteria.ResultsA total of 203 patients were included in the study: 27% of patients had undergone hemi‐hepatectomy, 26.6% atypical resections, 20.6% sectionectomy and 16.2% segmentectomy. After PSM two cohorts of 57 patients were obtained, with no significant differences in all preoperative characteristics. The length of hospital stay was significantly lower after LLR (median 7 vs. 9 days, p < .01), with no statistically significant differences in estimated blood loss, operation time, transfusions, postoperative bile leak, ascites, severe complications and R1 resection rates. After a median follow‐up of 61 (±7) months, there were no significant differences between OLR and LLR in both median OS (69 vs. 59 months, p = .74, respectively) and median DFS (12 vs. 10 months, p = .48, respectively).ConclusionLLR for multiple HCC can be safe and effective in selected cases and is able to shorten median hospital stay without affecting perioperative and long‐term oncological outcomes.
SARS‐CoV‐2 ORF7a blocked autophagy flux by intervening in the fusion between autophagosome and lysosome to promote viral infection and pathogenesis
Authors: Li Shun , Li Xiaobo , Liang Haowei , Yu Kuike , Zhai Jingbo , Xue Mengzhou , Luo Zhuojing , Zheng Chunfu , Zhang Hao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continues to pose a major threat to public health worldwide. Although many studies have clarified the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection process, the underlying mechanisms of viral invasion and immune evasion were still unclear. This study focused on SARS‐CoV‐2 ORF7a (open reading frame‐7a), one of the essential open reading frames (ORFs) in infection and pathogenesis. First, by analyzing its physical and chemical characteristics, SARS‐CoV‐2 ORF7a is an unstable hydrophobic transmembrane protein. Then, the ORF7a transmembrane domain three‐dimensional crystal structure model was predicted and verified. SARS‐CoV‐2 ORF7a localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and participated in the autophagy‐lysosome pathway via interacting with p62. In addition, we elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms by which ORF7a intercepted autophagic flux, promoted double membrane vesicle formation, and evaded host autophagy‐lysosome degradation and antiviral innate immunity. This study demonstrated that ORF7a could be a therapeutic target, and Glecaprevir may be a potential drug against SARS‐CoV‐2 by targeting ORF7a. A comprehensive understanding of ORF7a's functions may contribute to developing novel therapies and clinical drugs against COVID‐19.
Fabrication and characterization of soy protein isolation–ferulic acid antioxidant hydrogels
Authors: Zhao Ran , Wu Liang , Gao Yue , Wang Chuyan , Bai Xiaohui , Luo Shuizhong , Zheng Zhi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoy protein gel products are prone to direct oxidation by reactive oxygen during processing and transportation, thus reducing their functional properties and nutritional values. A covalent complex was prepared with soy protein isolate (SPI) and ferulic acid (FA) catalyzed by laccase (LC). The complex was further treated with microbial transglutaminase (TGase) to form hydrogels. The structural changes of the covalent complex (SPI‐FA) and the properties and antioxidant stability of hydrogel were investigated.RESULTSThe SPI‐FA complexes were demonstrated to be covalently bound by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and they had the least hydrophobic and free sulfhydryl groups at a 1.0 mg mL−1 FA concentration. The α‐helix of complexes increased from 11.50% to 27.39%, and random coil dropped from 26.06% to 14.44%. The addition of FA caused SPI fluorescence quenching and redshift. The hydrogel was formed after the complex was induced with TGase, and its hardness and water holding capacity was increased by 50.61% and 26.21%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy showed that a layered and ordered gel structure was formed. After in vitro digestion, the complex hydrogels maintained stable antioxidant activity, and the free radical scavenging rates of DPPH and ABTS reached 87.65% and 84.45%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSPI‐FA covalent complexes were prepared under laccase catalysis, and complex hydrogels were formed by TGase. Hydrogels have stable antioxidant activity, which provides application prospects for the antioxidant development of food. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ultrasonographic Findings of Catheter‐Related Bloodstream Infection in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Deguchi Kuntaro , Takei Haruka , Sato Yumiko , Tanami Yutaka , Oguma Eiji 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundCatheter removal is essential for treating catheter‐related bloodstream infection (CRBSI); however, clinicians are sometimes hesitant to remove catheters in pediatric patients due to the difficulty of securing vascular access. Confirming the diagnosis of CRBSI is important to justify catheter removal. The purpose of this study was to describe the sonographic findings of CRBSI.Materials and MethodsWe included patients with a central venous catheter (CVC) or peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) who had a positive blood culture and underwent ultrasound. The patients were classified as with or without CRBSI. Sonographic findings, such as the presence/absence of thrombus, venous wall thickening, hyperechogenicity, and fluid collection around the vein were compared using Fisher's exact test.ResultsOf the 58 patients, 38 (66%) were diagnosed with CRBSI. The presence of thrombus (19/38 vs 3/20, P = .011); and hyperechogenicity around the vein (14/38 vs 2/20, P = .035) differed significantly, but There was no significant difference in the presence of venous wall thickening (10/38 vs 1/20, P = .077), and fluid collection around the vein (5/38 vs 0/20, P = .153), did not differ significantly in patients with and without CRBSI, respectively. One‐third of patients with CRBSI, including 11 (42.3%) patients with CVC, and 2 (16.7%) patients with PICC, did not have abnormal sonographic findings.ConclusionUltrasound findings are useful for diagnosing CRBSI. However, the sensitivity of sonographic findings is low and abnormal sonographic findings are sometimes absent in children with CRBSI; therefore, physicians should not rule out CRBSI based on normal sonographic findings, especially in patients a CVC and a positive blood culture.
EGFR‐mediated hyperacetylation of tubulin induced docetaxel resistance by downregulation of HDAC6 and upregulation of MCAK and PLK1 in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Pu Yeong‐Shiau , Huang Chao‐Yuan , Wu Hung‐Lin , Wu Jyun‐Hong , Su Ying‐Fang , Yu Chang‐Tze Ricky , Lu Chi‐Yu , Wu Wen‐Jeng , Huang Shu‐Pin , Huang Ying‐Tang , Hour Tzyh‐Chyuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDocetaxel‐based chemotherapy has generally been considered as one of the effective treatments for castration‐resistant prostate cancer (PCa). However, clinical treatment with docetaxel often encounters a number of undesirable effects, including drug resistance. Tubulin isoforms have been previously examined for their resistance to docetaxel in many cancers, but their real mechanisms remained unclear. In this study, a series of docetaxel‐resistant PC/DX cell sublines were established by chronically exposing PC3 to progressively increased concentrations of docetaxel. Western blotting results showed significantly higher expression of acetyl‐tubulin, α‐tubulin, β‐tubulin, γ‐tubulin, and βIII‐tubulin in PC/DX25 than in parental PC3 cells. PC/DX25 with greater resistance to docetaxel had higher levels of acetyl‐tubulin and mitotic centromere‐associated kinesin (MCAK) than PC3 cells. This study found that docetaxel induced the expression of acetyl‐tubulin and MCAK in PC3 cells at a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Both mRNA and protein levels of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) were significantly decreased in PC/DX25 compared with PC3 cells. PC3 increased the resistance to docetaxel by HDAC6 knockdown and Tubastatin A (HDAC6 inhibitor). Conversely, PC/DX25 reversed the sensitivity to docetaxel by MCAK knockdown. Notably, flow cytometry analysis revealed that MCAK knockdown induced significantly sub G1 fraction in PC/DX cells. Overexpression of polo‐like kinase‐1 increased the cell survival rate and resistance to docetaxel in PC3 cells. Moreover, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation induced the upregulation of acetyl‐tubulin in docetaxel‐resistant PCa cells. These findings demonstrated that the EGFR‐mediated upregulated expression of acetyl‐tubulin played an important role in docetaxel‐resistant PCa.