bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Processes and Reactions In Rechargeable Battery Materials Revealed via In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Sun Zhefei , Pan Jianhai , Chen Weiwei , Chen Haoyu , Zhou Shenghui , Wu Xiaoyu , Wang Yangsu , Kim Kangwoon , Li Jie , Liu Haodong , Yuan Yifei , Wang Jiangwei , Su Dong , Peng Dong‐Liang , Zhang Qiaobao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRechargeable batteries that make renewable energy resources feasible for electrification technologies have been extensively investigated. Their corresponding performance is strongly dependent on the structural characteristics and chemical dynamics of internal electrode and electrolyte materials under operating conditions. To enhance battery performance and lifetime, a comprehensive understanding of the structure‐dynamics‐performance correlation of such materials under different working conditions is of great significance. Fortunately, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) encompassing high‐resolution imaging, diffraction, and spectroscopic analysis, offers unprecedented insights into the nano/atomic scale structural changes and degradation pathways of rechargeable battery materials under operational conditions. Such insights are pivotal for a deep‐rooted understanding of reaction mechanisms and the structure‐activity interplay within battery materials. This work, therefore, highlights the advances in in situ TEM's utility in unveiling dynamic chemical and physical changes in real‐time within battery materials of rechargeable batteries. Electrochemical processes and degradation mechanisms are systematically explored and summarized. Moreover, the technical progress, challenges, and valuable insights provided by in situ TEM techniques for addressing critical issues in battery materials are underscored. The work concludes with a discussion of emerging research directions that hold the potential to revolutionize the renewable energy field in the near future.
Thiolation for Enhancing Photostability of Fluorophores at the Single‐Molecule Level
Authors: Liu Jinyang , Zhao Bingjie , Zhang Xuebo , Guan Daoming , Sun Kuangshi , Zhang Yunxiang , Liu Qian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFluorescent probes are essential for single‐molecule imaging. However, their application in biological systems is often limited by the short photobleaching lifetime. To overcome this, we developed a novel thiolation strategy for squaraine dyes. By introducing thiolation of the central cyclobutene of squaraine (thio‐squaraine), we observed a ≈5‐fold increase in photobleaching lifetime. Our single‐molecule data analysis attributes this improvement to improved photostability resulting from thiolation. Interestingly, bulk measurements show rapid oxidation of thio‐squaraine to its oxo‐analogue under irradiation, giving the perception of inferior photostability. This discrepancy between bulk and single‐molecule environments can be ascribed to the factors in the latter, including larger intermolecular distances and restricted mobility, which reduce the interactions between a fluorophore and reactive oxygen species produced by other fluorophores, ultimately impacting photobleaching and photoconversion rate. We demonstrate the remarkable performance of thio‐squaraine probes in various imaging buffers, such as glucose oxidase with catalase (GLOX) and GLOX+trolox. We successfully employed these photostable probes for single‐molecule tracking of CD56 membrane protein and monitoring mitochondria movements in live neurons. CD56 tracking revealed distinct motion states and the corresponding protein fractions. This investigation is expected to propel the development of single‐molecule imaging probes, particularly in scenarios where bulk measurements show suboptimal performance.
Sex Differences in the Effectiveness of First‐Line Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Psoriatic Arthritis: Results From the European Spondyloarthritis Research Collaboration Network
Authors: Hellamand Pasoon , van de Sande Marleen G. H. , Ørnbjerg Lykke M. , Klausch Thomas , Eklund Kari K. , Relas Heikki , Santos Maria J. , Vieira‐Sousa Elsa , Loft Anne G. , Glintborg Bente , Østergaard Mikkel , Lindström Ulf , Wallman Johan K. , Michelsen Brigitte , Fagerli Karen M. , Castrejón Isabel , Gudbjornsson Bjorn , Love Thorvardur J. , Vencovský Jiří , Nekvindová Lucie , Rotar Žiga , Tomšič Matija , Díaz‐González Federico , Kenar Gökçe , Tuğsal Handan Y. , Iannone Florenzo , Ramonda Roberta , Codreanu Catalin , Mogosan Corina , Nissen Michael J. , Möller Burkhard , Hetland Merete L. , van der Horst‐Bruinsma Irene E. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveWomen with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) may have reduced tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) effectiveness compared to men. We examined sex differences in treatment response and retention rates during 24 months of follow‐up among patients with PsA initiating their first TNFi.MethodsData from patients with PsA across 13 European Spondyloarthritis Research Collaboration Network registries starting their first TNFi were pooled. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between sex and treatment response using low disease activity (LDA) according to the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C‐reactive protein level (DAS28‐CRP) (<3.2) at six months as the primary outcome. Analyses were adjusted for age, country, conventional synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug treatment, and TNFi start year. Retention rates were explored using the Kaplan–Meier estimator.ResultsWe analyzed the treatment response of 7,679 patients with PsA (50% women) with available data on LDA at six months. At baseline, women and men had similar characteristics, including mean DAS28‐CRP (women vs men, 4.4 [SD 1.2] vs 4.2 [SD 1.2]), though patient‐reported outcome measures were worse in women. At six months, 64% of women and 78% of men had LDA (relative risk [RR] 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80–0.84). This difference was similar after adjustment (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.81–0.85). TNFi retention rates were evaluated in 17,842 patients with PsA. Women had significantly lower retention rates than men at all time points (women 79%, 64%, and 50% vs men 88%, 77%, and 64% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively).ConclusionDespite comparable disease characteristics at baseline, women with PsA have reduced treatment response and retention rates to their first TNFi, highlighting the need to consider sex differences in PsA research and management.
The Realization of Uniform Growth of Conductive MOFs on LDHs and Their High Performance in Supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Limei , Lu Jiadan , Zhang Yi , Pang Huan , Zhu Rongmei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely investigated as functional materials with excellent properties. However, most MOFs are of poor electrical conductivity, which hinders their further application in electrochemical fields. Fortunately, the emergence of intrinsically conductive MOFs (c‐MOFs) alleviates this problem. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) possess Faraday redox reactivity, which is favorable to capacitors. In this paper, we combined c‐MOFs with LDHs and prepared a series of NiCo‐LDH@M‐HHTP(‐EtOH) (M=Ni or Co; HHTP=2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexahydroxytriphenylene) multilayer nanoarrays, and the effects of solvent on the morphology and energy storage properties of the materials were investigated. When NiCo‐LDH@Co‐HHTP‐EtOH is applied as an electrode material in supercapacitors, it exhibits a capacitance of 830 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, it exhibits high energy density and excellent rate performance when assembled in aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors.
Na2S Cathodes Enabling Safety Room Temperature Sodium Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Xiong Zhen , Nie Xuyuan , Zhang Binwei , Wei Zidong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRoom temperature sodium‐sulfur (RT‐Na/S) battery is regarded as a promising next‐generation battery system because of their high theoretical specific capacity, and abundant availability of anodes and cathodes. Nevertheless, the direct use of sodium metal could result in the dendrite growth, causing the safety concerns. Interestingly, employing Na2S as the cathode materials can be paired with Na‐free anode to effectively avoid the problem of dendrite growth. However, the poor electronic conductivity of Na2S and the sluggish kinetic conversion to sodium polysulfides can lead to high initial charge activation barriers and rapid capacity degradation, thereby constraining their practical application. In this concept, the electrochemical mechanism of Na2S cathode is summarized to present the potential for RT‐Na/S batteries. Additionally, recent advances on Na2S cathodes have been discussed in detail with an emphasis on functionalized matrix, morphology modulation, and optimizing cell structure. Finally, the future opportunities and challenges for the development of Na2S cathode based RT‐Na/S batteries are proposed.
Comprehensive study of allergenic tree species: Palynological insights enhanced by HPLC and GC–MS profiling
Authors: Zamira Djumayeva , Khaydarov Khislat , Zafar Muhammad , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy , Ahmad Mushtaq , Aziza Nozimova , Ochilov Ulugbek , Zebiniso Umurzakova , Farzona Davronkulova 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConsidering the limited data available on tree species in Uzbekistan, this research aimed to provide new insights. We gathered plant samples from different locations within Samarkand city and thoughtfully selected 15 tree species that represent the country’s flora. Using scanning electron microscopy, we conducted comprehensive analyses of pollen morphology, revealing a diverse range of variations in the shapes, dimensions, and surface characteristics displayed by pollen grains. Distinct ornamentations such as micro‐echinate, reticulate, rugulate, gemmate–verrucate, and verrucate–scabrate patterns facilitated the differentiation of species. These scanning electron microscopy findings enhance our comprehension of tree species diversity, adaptation, and ecological roles. In addition, leaf extracts were analyzed using HPLC and GC–MS, revealing a plethora of bioactive compounds, including catechins, chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, and others. Furthermore, GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of seven key compounds, including 1‐hexadecyne, 2‐chloroethanol, 1,6‐heptadiene, 2‐methyl‐, 5‐bromoadamantan‐2‐one, ethyl 3‐(3‐pyridyl) propenoate, bis (2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate, and quercetin. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of this method in assessing the quality of leaf extracts from tree species by examining both microscopic characteristics and chemical composition. This multifaceted approach has deepened our understanding of the characteristics and chemical compositions of these trees, thus contributing to a more profound appreciation of their ecological significance and potential applications.
Restriction site associated DNA sequencing for tumour mutation burden estimation and mutation signature analysis
Authors: McGuinness Conor F. , Black Michael A. , Dunbier Anita K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundGenome‐wide measures of genetic disruption such as tumour mutation burden (TMB) and mutation signatures are emerging as useful biomarkers to stratify patients for treatment. Clinicians commonly use cancer gene panels for tumour mutation burden estimation, and whole genome sequencing is the gold standard for mutation signature analysis. However, the accuracy and cost associated with these assays limits their utility at scale.MethodsWGS data from 560 breast cancer patients was used for in silico library simulations to evaluate the accuracy of an FDA approved cancer gene panel as well as restriction enzyme associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) libraries for TMB estimation and mutation signature analysis. We also transfected a mouse mammary cell line with APOBEC enzymes and sequenced resulting clones to evaluate the efficacy of RADseq in an experimental setting.ResultsRADseq had improved accuracy of TMB estimation and derivation of mutation profiles when compared to the FDA approved cancer panel. Using simulated immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) trials, we show that inaccurate TMB estimation leads to a reduction in power for deriving an optimal TMB cutoff to stratify patients for immune checkpoint blockade treatment. Additionally, prioritisation of APOBEC hypermutated tumours in these trials optimises TMB cutoff determination for breast cancer. The utility of RADseq in an experimental setting was also demonstrated, based on characterisation of an APOBEC mutation signature in an APOBEC3A transfected mouse cell line.ConclusionIn conclusion, our work demonstrates that RADseq has the potential to be used as a cost‐effective, accurate solution for TMB estimation and mutation signature analysis by both clinicians and basic researchers.
Outcomes of non‐flow‐limiting spiral dissection after drug‐coated balloon angioplasty for de novo femoropopliteal lesions
Authors: Haraguchi Takuya , Kuramitsu Shoichi , Tsujimoto Masanaga , Kashima Yoshifumi , Sato Katsuhiko , Fujita Tsutomu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhether drug‐coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty would be effective in spiral dissection (SD) lesions with no flow impairment has been thoroughly investigated.AimsThe present study sought to assess the clinical outcomes of non‐flow‐limiting SD after DCB angioplasty for de novo femoropopliteal lesions in patients with symptomatic lower extremity artery disease.MethodThis single‐center retrospective study enrolled 497 patients with non‐flow‐limiting SD (n = 92) or non‐SD (n = 405) without bailout stenting. The primary endpoint was 1‐year primary patency, with the secondary endpoints including freedom from target lesion revascularization (TLR), major adverse limb event (MALE), all‐cause death, and 30‐day restenosis.ResultsThe 1‐year primary patency and freedom from TLR were significantly lower in the SD group than in the non‐SD group (69.8% vs. 83.3%, p = 0.004; 78.7% vs. 93.0%, p = 0.007, respectively). The SD group had a higher incidence of MALE and 30‐day restenosis than the non‐SD group (24.6% vs. 11.9%, p = 0.001; 4.3% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.002, respectively). All‐cause death was comparable. One‐year restenosis after SD was associated with chronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI) (hazard ratio, 3.36 [95% confidence interval, 1.21–9.36]; p = 0.020), TASC Ⅱ D (hazard ratio, 3.97 [95% confidence interval, 1.02–15.52]; p = 0.047), and residual stenosis ≥50% (hazard ratio, 4.92 [95% confidence interval, 1.01–23.94]; p = 0.048). The incidence of restenosis after SD increased with the number of these risk factors.ConclusionsDespite normal antegrade flow, the 1‐year primary patency rate after DCB angioplasty for de novo femoropopliteal lesions was significantly lower in lesions with SD than those without SD. CLTI, TASC II D, and residual stenosis ≥50% were risk factors associated with 1‐year restenosis after DCB angioplasty for non‐flow‐limiting SD lesions.
Oral palisaded encapsulated neuroma; a diagnosis seldom suspected clinically
Authors: Pourshahidi Sara , Aminishakib Pouyan , Aliyari Negin , HafeziMotlagh Kimia 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessagePalisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN) is generally seen in the head and neck area as an asymptomatic nodule with the same color as the surrounding skin and rarely occurs in the oral cavity. The exact etiology of PEN is not known, but there is evidence supporting the role of trauma as its etiological factor.AbstractPalisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN) is one of the benign nerve sheath tumors of Schwann cell origin, which is commonly found in the skin of the head and neck area, and rarely occurs in the oral cavity. Its exact etiology is unknown, but there is evidence that supports the role of trauma as an etiological factor. Here we present a case of PEN in the hard palate of a 30‐year‐old patient and review the differential diagnoses of these nerve sheath tumors of the oral cavity.
A rare case of tuberculous myocarditis: A diagnostic challenge in a tuberculosis‐endemic country
Authors: Shaikh Ghulam Abbas , Yaqoob Samina , Batool Fareeha , Waseem Radeyah , Shah Hussain Haider , Abbasi Asim Ali , Lashari Nawaz , Dave Tirth 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageTuberculous myocarditis is a rare presentation of tuberculosis, posing diagnostic challenges in endemic countries. Clinicians should consider this entity in patients with unexplained heart failure, conduction abnormalities, or sudden cardiac events in tuberculosis‐endemic regions.AbstractTuberculous myocarditis is an uncommon manifestation of tuberculosis, often presenting as a diagnostic challenge, particularly in tuberculosis‐endemic regions. We report a case of a 58‐year‐old male with a history of chronic cough and fever, who presented with progressive dyspnea, generalized body swelling, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class IV heart failure. Clinical examination revealed signs of cardiac decompensation and congestive heart failure. Emergency echocardiography demonstrated biventricular dysfunction, and imaging showed clots in both atria and the left ventricle. The patient responded well to initial treatment with anticoagulants, antibiotics, diuretics, and inotropic support. Subsequent investigations, including computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) and high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT), confirmed active pulmonary tuberculosis. Anti‐tuberculous treatment (ATT) was initiated, and the patient showed remarkable improvement. The diagnosis of tuberculous myocarditis was based on clinical, radiological, and laboratory evidence, as cardiac biopsy was not performed due to resource limitations. Tuberculous myocarditis is an underreported condition, and clinicians should be vigilant about its occurrence, especially in tuberculosis‐endemic regions. Early recognition and prompt initiation of ATT can lead to favorable outcomes. This case highlights the importance of considering tuberculous myocarditis in patients with unexplained heart failure or cardiac abnormalities in areas with a high burden of tuberculosis.
Esterification effect on the recovery of vitamin E from palm oil refining residues by molecular distillation
Authors: da Silva Maurício Dalla Costa Rodrigues , Maziero Eluize Vayne , Ballus Cristiano Augusto , Tanabe Eduardo Hiromitsu , Bertuol Daniel Assumpção 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWaste edible oils are an alternative source of high‐value natural compounds. Vitamin E can be recovered from palm oil refining residues by molecular distillation. However, the presence of other lipophilic molecules compromises the selective separation of vitamin E. Esterification of the free fatty acids can enhance the selective separation of vitamin E by molecular distillation, but the conditions for carrying out the reaction need to be investigated to simultaneously ensure the conversion of free fatty acids and the reduction of vitamin E losses. Thus, this study investigated the effect of the esterification of the industrial waste on the recovery of vitamin E by molecular distillation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and analysis for fats and oils preconized by the American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS) were used in the characterization of the industrial waste. Determination of the best condition to carry out the reaction was obtained by a central composite rotational design (CCRD) using the response surface methodology (RSM) and the desirability profile. The results showed that the best condition for the esterification was at 64°C, 213 min, 2 wt.% sulphuric acid, and a 10/1 methanol/free fatty acids molar ratio. This reaction condition achieved 97.9% conversion of free fatty acids and less than 3% of vitamin E loss. The esterification promoted concentration of vitamin E in the residue stream (145.4%) and reduction in the distillate stream (87.8%). Therefore, the obtained results presented a suitable route to obtaining vitamin E concentrate and adding value to an industrial residue.
Scalability of Pharmaceutical Co‐Crystal Formation by Mechanochemistry in Batch
Authors: Bodach Alexander , Portet Anaïs , Winkelmann Frederik , Herrmann Bastian , Gallou Fabrice , Ponnusamy Ettigounder , Virieux David , Colacino Evelina , Felderhoff Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe development of mechanochemistry is considerably growing. Benign by design, this technology complies with several principles of green chemistry, contributing to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) and the European Green Deal objectives. Herein, we report the use of mechanochemical processes in batch to prepare kilogram‐scale of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API): Ibuprofen‐Nicotinamide (rac‐IBP:NCT) co‐crystal in an industrial eccentric vibration mill. This scenario shows a sustainable approach to the industrial up‐scaling of pharmaceutical co‐crystals by a solvent‐free mechanochemical process in batch. The quantitative assessment of the greenness of the mechanochemical process against the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry was performed using the DOZN 2.0 Green Chemistry Evaluator.
CO2 Electroreduction To Syngas With Tunable Composition In An Artificial Leaf**
Authors: Veenstra Florentine L. P. , Cibaka Thérèse , Martín Antonio J. , Weigand Daniel , Kirchhoff Joachim , Smirnov Vladimir , Merdzhanova Tsvetelina , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArtificial leaves (a‐leaves) can reduce carbon dioxide into syngas using solar power and could be combined with thermo‐ and biocatalytic technologies to decentralize the production of valuable products. By providing variable CO : H2 ratios on demand, a‐leaves could facilitate optimal combinations and control the distribution of products in most of these hybrid systems. However, the current design procedures of a‐leaves concentrate on achieving high performance for a predetermined syngas composition. This study demonstrates that incorporating the electrolyte flow as a design variable enables flexible production without compromising performance. The concept was tested on an a‐leaf using a commercial cell, a Cu2O:Inx cathodic catalyst, and an inexpensive amorphous silicon thin‐film photovoltaic module. Syngas with CO : H2 ratio in the range of 1.8–2.3 could be attained with only 2 % deviation from the optimal cell voltage and controllable solely by catholyte flow. These features could be beneficial for downstream technologies such as Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis and anaerobic fermentation.
Predicting amyloid PET positivity using plasma p‐tau181 and other blood‐based biomarkers
Authors: Kwon Hyuk Sung , Lee Eun‐Hye , Kim Hyung‐Ji , Park So‐Hee , Park Hyun‐Hee , Jeong Jee Hyang , Koh Seong‐Ho , Choi Seong Hye , Lee Jae‐Hong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to determine the efficacy of combining plasma phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)181, amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40, neurofilament light (NfL), and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes for detecting positive amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), which is little known in the Asian population, in two independent cohorts.MethodsBiomarkers were measured using a single‐molecule array (Simoa) in a cohort study (Asan). All participants underwent amyloid PET. Significant changes in the area under the curve (AUC) and Akaike Information Criterion values were considered to determine the best model. The generalizability of this model was tested using another cohort (KBASE‐V).ResultsIn the Asan cohort, after adjusting for age and sex, p‐tau181 (AUC = 0.854) or APOE ε4 status (AUC = 0.769) distinguished Aβ status with high accuracy. Combining them or adding NfL and Aβ42/40 improved model fitness. The best‐fit model included the plasma p‐tau181, APOE ε4, NfL and Aβ42/40. The models established from the Asan cohort were tested in the KBASE‐V cohort. Additionally, in the KBASE‐V cohort, these three biomarker models had similar AUC in cognitively unimpaired (AUC = 0.768) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (AUC = 0.997) participants.ConclusionsPlasma p‐tau181 showed a high performance in determining Aβ‐PET positivity. Adding plasma NfL and APOE ε4 status improved the model fit without significant improvement in AUC.