bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the stability of falling films at round vertical film carriers under high pressure
Authors: Moser Micro , Trepp Christian 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe instability of a falling film under high pressure (droplet formation) was characterized by the dimensionless Reynolds, Weber, and fluid‐film numbers and could be predicted in a characteristic diagram. Incipient droplet formation was achieved with the given material properties of the system, i.e., at a constant KF number, by increasing the volumetric flowrate of the liquid phase.The investigations were performed with the material systems α‐tocopherol/CO2 and squalane/CO2 in the pressure ranges between 8 and 35 MPa and 6 and 12 MPa, respectively, at four different temperatures between 313 and 353 K. The volumetric flowrate of the liquid phase was varied between 10 and 300 ml/min, whereas the speed of the supercritical gas phase in counter‐current flow to the falling film in the falling‐film cell was kept constant at 7 mm/s. The high‐pressure falling‐film cell used for this purpose had an external diameter of 104 mm, an internal diameter of 34 mm, and a total length of 710 mm. The diameter and length of the cylindrical falling‐film carrier were 10 and 500 mm, respectively.
Methanol steam‐reforming in a catalytic fixed bed reactor
Authors: Düsterwald H. G. , Höhlein B. , Kraut H. , Meusinger J. , Peters R. , Stimming U. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractDesigning an appropriate methanol steam reformer requires detailed knowledge about the processes within such a reactor. Thus, the axial temperature and concentration gradients and catalyst ageing were investigated. It was found that for a fresh catalyst load, the catalyst located in the reactor entrance was most active during the experiment. The activity of this part of the catalyst bed decreased after some time of operation due to ageing. With further operation, the most active zone moved through the catalyst bed. From the results concerning hydrogen production and catalyst degradation, the necessary amount of catalyst for a mobile PEMFC‐system can be estimated.
Reduction of nitrogen monoxide with methane on In‐HZSM 5 honeycomb catalysts
Authors: Heinisch Rudolf , Jahn Matthias , Wawrzinek Klemens 
Published: August 2005

AbstractAn In‐HZSM 5 honeycomb catalyst is used for the experimental investigations of the NO reduction with methane. The catalyst is prepared by the ion‐exchange method. The influence of temperature and concentration of oxygen and methane is studied. In addition to methane, natural gas is used as reductant for the reduction of nitric oxide. The results are compared with those of other authors who use zeolithe pellets.
Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of Mo‐Substituted “Ba2(Fe,W)2O6” Double‐Perovskites: A Synchrotron Diffraction, Magnetization and Moessbauer Study.
Authors: Rammeh N. , Bramnik K. G. , Ehrenberg H. , Stahl B. , Fuess H. , Cheikh‐Rouhou A. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
[{W(=O)(O2)2(H2O)}2(μ‐O)] 2‐‐Catalyzed Epoxidation of Allylic Alcohols in Water with High Selectivity and Utilization of Hydrogen Peroxide.
Authors: Kamata Keigo , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Hikichi Shiro , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Studies in Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 19. Selective Removal of N‐Boc Protecting Group from Aromatic Amines Using Silica Gel‐Supported Sodium Hydrogen Sulfate and HY‐Zeolite as Heterogeneous Catalysts.
Authors: Ravindranath N. , Ramesh C. , Reddy M. Ravinder , Das Biswanath 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
N‐Bis(methylthio)methylene‐trifluoromethanesulfonylamide CF3SO2N=C(SCH3)2: New Reagent for the Preparation of N‐Trifluoromethylsulfinylimino Carbonic and Thiocarbonic Acids Derivatives.
Authors: Petrik Vitaly N. , Kondratenko Natalia V. , Yagupolskii Lev M. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Difluoromethyl Phenyl Sulfone as a Selective Difluoromethylene Dianion Equivalent: One‐Pot Stereoselective Synthesis of anti‐2,2‐Difluoropropane‐1,3‐diols.
Authors: Prakash G. K. Surya , Hu Jinbo , Mathew Thomas , Olah George A. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Transition Metal Catalyzed Reactions in Organic Synthesis. Part 6. Cobalt‐Mediated Intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2]‐Cycloaddition of Enediynes Towards Linear Anellated Polycycles.
Authors: Eckenberg Peter , Groth Ulrich 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
2‐Pyrazolines from 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Diazomethane to Arylsulfonylethenes.
Authors: Padmavathi Venkatapuram , Sarma Mudigonda Rajagopala , Padmaja Adivireddy , Reddy Dandu Bhaskar 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Novel 1,4‐Dihydropyrido[3′,2′:5,6]thiopyrano[4,3‐c]pyrazoles and 5H‐Pyrido[3′,2′:5,6]thiopyrano[4,3‐d]pyrimidines as Potential Antiproliferative Agents.
Authors: Primofiore Giampaolo , Marini Anna Maria , Da Settimo Federico , Salerno Silvia , Bertini Daniele , Dalla Via Lisa , Magno Sebastiano Marciani 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis, Lipophilicity and Structure of 2,5‐Disubstituted 1,3,5‐Dithiazine Derivatives.
Authors: Winfield Leyte , Zhang Chunming , Reid Christy A. , Stevens Edwin D. , Trudell Mark L. , Izenwasser Sari , Wade Dean 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Facile Cu(OTf)2‐Catalyzed Preparation of per‐O‐Acetylated Hexopyranoses with Stoichiometric Acetic Anhydride and Sequential One‐Pot Anomeric Substitution to Thioglycosides under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Tai Cheng‐An , Kulkarni Suvarn S. , Hung Shang‐Cheng 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Discriminative Glycosylation of 3‐(Aryloxy)propane‐1,2‐diols by Choice of a Glycosyl Donor.
Authors: Mereyala Hari Babu , Mamidyala Sreeman Kumar , Chigurupati Krishna Prasad , Srinivasa Sastri R. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Magnetic‐Entropy Change in Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.7As0.3‐x Gex.
Authors: Tegus O. , Fuquan B. , Dagula W. , Zhang L. , Brueck E. , Si P. Z. , de Boer F. R. , Buschow K. H. J. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The prognostic impact of histology and 1p/19q status in anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors
Authors: McDonald J. Matthew , See Siew Ju , Tremont Ivo W. , Colman Howard , Gilbert Mark R. , Groves Morris , Burger Peter C. , Louis David N. , Giannini Caterina , Fuller Gregory , Passe Sandra , Blair Hilary , Jenkins Robert B. , Yang Helen , Ledoux Alicia , Aaron Joann , Tipnis Ulka , Zhang Wei , Hess Kenneth , Aldape Ken 
Published: August 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDIt has been reported previously that the combined loss of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q is a significant predictor of outcome for patients with anaplastic oligodendroglial (AO) tumors and that such chromosomal loss correlates with classic histology in AO. The authors sought to determine whether histology was an equivalent or superior predictor of outcome compared with 1p/19q status in 131 patients with AO tumors.METHODSThe status of 1p and 19q was determined using real‐time, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization. Clinical features (response to adjuvant therapy and tumor location) and molecular genetic abnormalities (9p and 10q deletions, overexpression of p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor) were determined on available specimens. Histologic assessments for classic oligodendroglial features were performed by five neuropathologists.RESULTSClassic histology was associated closely with 1p/19q loss, as reported previously. Patients who had tumors that were considered classic by at least four of the five neuropathologists showed significantly increased progression‐free and overall survival compared with the patients who had less classic tumors. The authors also tested the correlation between 1p/19q status and outcome in subsets of patients stratified according to classic tumor features. The association of 1p/19q status with survival was related closely to the presence of classic histology. Loss of 1p/19q was predictive of improved outcome only among patients who had tumors with classic histologic features.CONCLUSIONSThe current results suggested that, in addition to 1p/19q status, histologic features contribute information to the prediction of outcome in patients with AO. Loss of 1p and 19q appeared to be a prognostic marker only in the subset of patients who had AO tumors with classic histologic features. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
New aromatase inhibitors as second‐line endocrine therapy in postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast carcinoma
Authors: Carlini Paolo , Bria Emilio , Giannarelli Diana , Ferretti Gianluigi , Felici Alessandra , Papaldo Paola , Fabi Alessandra , Nisticò Cecilia , Di Cosimo Serena , Ruggeri Enzo Maria , Milella Michele , Mottolese Marcella , Terzoli Edmondo , Cognetti Francesco 
Published: August 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDNew aromatase inhibitors (AI) (second‐generation: formestane and fadrozole; third‐generation: letrozole, anastrozole, vorozole, and exemestane) have been tested in several controlled clinical trials after tamoxifen failure in metastatic breast carcinoma (MBC). They have resulted in better survival compared with megestrol acetate (MEG) in a number of studies. The authors performed a pooled analysis including all the Phase III trials published between 1996 and 2004 evaluating the AIs approved or not by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medical Products (EMEA) as second‐line endocrine therapy (ET) for patients with MBC.METHODSThe overall response rate (ORR) and time to disease progression (TTP) were considered the primary end points, whereas toxicity was regarded as a secondary objective. Relative risk, 95% confidence interval, and heterogeneity were derived using 2 methods.RESULTSNo significant differences in ORR and TTP were noted in the entire group of 9 trials comparing AI with MEG (3908 patients) and in the 6 trials comparing nonsteroidal AI and MEG (2415 patients). AI yielded significantly more hot flashes than MEG (P = 0.004) but caused significantly less toxicity than MEG in weight gain (P = 0.001), dyspnea (P = 0.008), and peripheral edema (P = 0.03). Significant heterogeneity for nausea, weight gain, dyspnea, and peripheral edema was registered. When steroidal AIs were excluded from the toxicity analysis, nausea maintained its strongly significant heterogeneity (P = 0.0002), whereas weight gain, dyspnea, and peripheral edema lost their significance.CONCLUSIONSThis pooled analysis suggested that AIs in second‐line ET for patients with MBC do not seem to add any significant benefit to MEG in terms of ORR and TTP. With regard to toxicity, the findings in the current study showed that weight gain, dyspnea, and peripheral edema are more frequent with the use of MEG, whereas hot flashes were more represented using AI. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Symmetrization of the contained compressible‐fluid vibration eigenproblem
Authors: Felippa C. A. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis paper studies the symmetrization of the problem of coupled vibrations of an acoustic fluid enclosed in an elastic container. The container structure is discretized by a displacement finite element formulation and the acoustic fluid by a displacement‐potential formulation. The vibrations of this physically conservative coupled system are governed by an unsymmetric algebraic eigenvalue problem. Eight equivalent symmetric forms of this problem are exhibited. The fluid‐pressure formulation leads to a similar unsymmetric eigenproblem, which in turn can be converted to another eight equivalent symmetric forms.
Subdivision of PDE's on FPS scientific computers
Authors: Gustafson John L. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe usefulness of multiprocessors in solving PDE's has become well established. Many iterative and direct methods exhibit performance which is nearly linear with the number of processors; the ‘parallelable’ fraction of the code can be made to approach unity by increasing the problem size. The resulting push for parallel architectures has been inhibited by ‘Amdahl's argument’, which states that because the speed of any task is dominated by its slowest step, parallel computers are inevitably limited by the serial fraction of most problems. Because this fraction varies, computer designers have faced a choice between a generally cost‐effective machine with a balanced parallel/serial ratio, and a potentially faster machine with high parallelism which performs well on a more restricted class of problems. Software and hardware tools now exist to allow configurable ratios of parallel to serial speed. The recent development of low‐cost Class VI scientific computers permits high‐performance multicomputing without sacrificing performance/cost. The economic consequences of Amdahl's argument can be cicumvented in view of a statistical stream of jobs into a configurable system.
Heat exchange effects during underground gasification of thin coal layers
Authors: Ronde H. , Bruining J. , Essink J. P. Oude , Maljaars A. P. E. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractHeat exchanges affect the gasification process particularly of thin coal layers. Further experimental evidence is presented that heat lost to the surroundings is partly reintroduced into the reaction zone (heat recuperation). This heat recuperation effect has now been quantified by the finite element calculation of the transient temperature distribution. The calculated values show good agreement with the experimental data. The calculation shows, moreover, that the temperature rise in the coal bed above the adiabatic level must be partly attributed to the heat recuperation effect. Therefore, heat recuperation has a significant effect on the gasification reactions.
Free vibration of a plate with arbitrary shape on a finite elastic foundation in consideration of effects of masses of foundation
Authors: Nagaya Kosuke , Takeuchi Jun 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis paper presents a method for solving vibration problems of a plate with irregular shape lying on an elastic foundation in consideration of effects of masses of foundation. For the foundation, the equation of motion of longitudinal vibrations of a solid is utilized, and the solutions of both the foundation and the plate are joined together by use of the conditions of continuity between the plate and the foundation. The analysis uses the Fourier expansion collocation method given by Nagaya to satisfy the irregular boundary conditions. Numerical calculations have been carried out for general polygonal plates on elastic foundations. The results for the plate on Winkler's foundation are also given to compare both results. It is clarified that there are some discrepancies between the present result which includes foundation inertias and that of Winkler's foundation.
A computational method for solving singular perturbation problems using fourth order finite differences
Authors: Kadalbajoo Mohan K. , Reddy Y. N. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractA computational method is presented for solving linear singularly perturbed two‐point boundary value problems with a boundary layer on the left end of the interval. The original problem is divided into inner and outer region problems. The reduced problem is solved to obtain the terminal boundary condition. Then, a new inner region problem is created and solved as a two‐point boundary value problem (TPBVP). In turn, the outer region problem is also solved as a TPBVP. Both these problems (TPBVPs) are efficiently solved by employing a fourth order finite difference scheme. The proposed method is iterative on the terminal point. Some numerical examples have been included to demonstrate the applicability of the method.
A mixed time integration method for Timoshenko and Mindlin type elements
Authors: Wright Joseph P. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractA brief summary of recent developments in numerical methods for doing transient analyses of Timoshenko and Mindlin types of structures is given. The pure shearing behaviour of these structures (with no transverse motion) is identified as the high‐frequency mode which severely restricts the time step in standard explicit time integration methods. A mixed implicit–explicit scheme is proposed as a technique for circumventing this restriction, and it is shown that this scheme is equivalent to an approach suggested by Belytschko and Mindle9.
Non‐isothermal consolidation of unbounded porous media using mapped infinite elements
Authors: Schrefler B. A. , Simoni L. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe computer modelling of geothermal reservoir often involves unbounded continua. The traditional approach to such modelling is by simple truncation at a finite boundary. This results in a large number of degrees‐of‐freedom and precludes the efficient use of microcomputers for such simulations. This paper deals with the use of mapped infinite elements for the simulation of the far‐field response. By comparison with an analytical solution, it is shown that an excellent agreement can be achieved in this way using a reduced number of d.o.f., hence allowing for the use of microcomputers in this area. Furthermore, the use of infinite elements allows realistic boundary conditions for the unbounded domain to be set.
Analysis of air film in conveyor pressurized by two parallel slots: Effect of tilting of package both in longitudinal and transverse directions
Authors: Chandra C. J. G. , Seetharamu K. N. , Parameswaran M. A. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe effect of the tilting of a package, both in the longitudinal and transverse directions, on the load‐carrying capacity, volume flow rate of the air supply and the location of the centre of pressure in the case of an air film used in conveyer application is analysed by using the finite element method when the supply of air is through two parallel longitudinal slots. The theoretical results agree reasonably well with the available experimental values.
Computation of interplanetary hydromagnetic disturbances in a synoptic domain
Authors: Yeh Tyan 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe constraints on initial and boundary data for magnetic solenoidality are implemented for MHD computation of interplanetary disturbances. The domain of computation is the entire ecliptic plane outside the solar equator. It is a synoptic domain, without cuts as artificial boundaries. The radial co‐ordinate is stretched so that grid points constitute equilateral meshes, to attain the same degree of accuracy in the finite difference approximations for spatial derivatives in orthogonal directions.
Stability properties of some algorithms for the solution of nonlinear dynamic vibration equations
Authors: Wood W. L. , Oduor M. E. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis paper describes numerical experiments made to investigate the stability of some time‐stepping algorithms applied to the equation ü + P(u) = 0 representing a nonliner elastic spring. These algorithms would be unconditionally stable when applied to linear problems, but here they may be only conditionally stable. Ways of improving the stability are demonstrated; the effect of linearization is also investigated.
On the use of subcycling for solving the compressible Navier‐Stokes equations by operator‐splitting and finite element methods
Authors: Bristeau M. O. , Glowinski R. , Mantel B. , Periaux J. , Singh G. S. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractIn this paper we discuss the solution of the compressible Navier‐Stokes equations by numerical techniques combining finite element approximations, operator splitting for the time discretization and numerical treatment of the nonlinearities by subcycling, which in this context means that we perform on the basic time discretization interval a time integration by a standard numerical scheme for initial‐value problems (explicit schemes in this paper). Numerical results for flows around a NACA 0012 aerofoil are presented.
Generalized multigrid approaches to nonlinear transient thermal problems
Authors: Huang H. C. , Lewis R. W. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor transient thermal problems, discretizing in space by the finite element method yield a system of first‐order ordinary differential equations which can be integrated in time by a finite difference based predictor‐multicorrector scheme. At each time level the temperature field is obtained by solving a set of algebraic equations.In this paper the multigrid method is adopted for transient thermal problems. In order to model accurately the geometry of practical problems with various material properties, and to use the predictor‐corrector scheme for the nonlinear transient analysis, the generalized multigrid approach, similar to that proposed in Reference 1, is employed. Some examples are included to illustrate the performance of this approach for nonlinear transient problems.
The university of Minnesota programme in computational science
Authors: Patton Peter C. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe University of Minnesota installed a Cray‐1A supercomputer in December 1981. In the past five years programmes for research, instruction and public service in computational science and engineering have been developed that utilize the Cray‐1A and successive machines. The University currently operates a Cray‐2 and a Cyber 205.
Boundary elements for non‐linear heat conduction problems
Authors: Wrobel Luiz C. , Brebbia Carlos A. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractBoundary element formulations employing time‐independent fundamental solutions are becoming popular for treating transient problems described by parabolic or hyperbolic partial differential equations. This paper describes the extension of one such formulation, named the dual reciprocity boundary element method, to non‐linear transient heat conduction problems with temperature‐dependent material parameters and boundary conditions of the radiative type. The original non‐linear diffusion equation is solved in a transform space, where it appears in a pseudo‐linear form, since it contains a modified time variable which is itself a function of position. The problem is solved by using an iterative algorithm of the Newton‐Raphson type.
Boundary integral analysis with orthogonal basis functions
Authors: Dorri B. , Kadambi V. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSource strengths in an indirect single‐layer source formulation of the boundary integral method are described in terms of orthogonal functions rather than the conventional first‐ or second‐order polynomials. The least squares method is used to calculate the coefficients of the orthogonal function which optimally satisfy the boundary conditions. A basic formulation with Fourier series basis functions is presented for the two‐dimensional Laplace equation, along with some representative results. A formulation is also presented for the two‐dimensional diffusion equation. Application of the method to the solution of the inverse heat conduction problem is discussed.