bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supreme Court decision will impact religious accommodations requests
Authors: Porter Michael 
Published: October 2023

The last few days of the U.S. Supreme Court term usually include headliner cases, and this year was no different, with the affirmative action admissions cases and the Court's decision permitting a web designer to limit wedding services based on religious beliefs. Relatively speaking, the Court's decision on a different religious accommodations case, Groff v. DeJoy, Postmaster General, S. Ct. Case 22‐174, June 29, 2023, flew under the radar. But the Court's ruling on this case will have a significant impact on the way institutions respond to requests for religious accommodations from employees and may also bring students’ religious accommodations issues to light.
Weakly Nonlinear Time-Varying Systems
Authors: Beffa Federico 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe theory of linear time-varying systems can be extended to weakly-nonlinear time-varying (WNTV) systems in a similar way as we did for linear time-invariant systems. In this chapter we first define WNTV systems mathematically and highlight some important differences from the theory of WNTI systems. We then discuss weakly-nonlinear periodically time-varying (WNPTV) systems. These type of systems generate a characteristic spectrum that is relatively easy to describe and is relevant, for example, in the study and design of communication systems.
Linear Time Invariant Systems
Authors: Beffa Federico 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe assume the reader to have familiarity with linear time-invariant (LTI) systems. In this chapter we merely summarise the main results of this theory. We are going to call the quantities that are considered the input, the output and some characterization of the system signals. This should evoke a meaningful interpretation in most of the systems that we are going to discuss. Mathematically they are distributions. The meaning of time-invariant is very intuitive: suppose that we apply the input signal x(t) to a system represented by an operator $${\mathcal {H}}$$ and observe the signal $$ y(t) = {\mathcal {H}}[x(t)] $$ as its output.
Gender Relations in New Music is Institutional Critique
Authors: Lovell Rosanna , Farnsworth Brandon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter documents key actions of institutional critique by Gender Relations in New Music (GRiNM), a collective advocating for gender equality and intersectional diversity in New Music. The article follows their interventions in major German New Music institutions including the Darmstadt Summer Course, MaerzMusik Festival Berlin, and Donaueschinger Musiktage, as well the group’s own events and the pandemic’s impact on its activism. It also analyses how the group’s tactics have developed in response to these institutions beginning to address diversity questions themselves. The article links the group’s methods to collective critique, para-institutionality, and the question of who is in position to critique the institution at all. It concludes by positioning critique as necessary-but-opposed to the institution, calling the reader to also take action, while underscoring how institutional stratification can undermine criticality.
Spindle black holes in AdS4 × SE7
Authors: Hristov Kiril , Suh Minwoo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We construct new classes of supersymmetric AdS2 × Σ solutions of 4d gauged supergravity in presence of charged hypermultiplet scalars, with Σ the complex weighted projective space known as a spindle. These solutions can be viewed as near-horizon geome- tries of asymptotically Anti de-Sitter (AdS4) black holes with magnetic fluxes that admit embedding in 11d on Sasaki-Einstein (SE7) manifolds, which renders them of holographic interest. We show that in each case the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy follows from the procedure of gluing two gravitational blocks, ultimately determined by SE7 data. This allows us to establish the general form of the gravitational blocks in gauged 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supergravity with charged scalars and massive vectors. Holographically, our results provide a large N answer for the spindle index with anti-twist and additional mesonic or baryonic fluxes of a number of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 Chern-Simons-matter theories.
New crops in the 1st millennium ce in northern Italy
Authors: Bosi Giovanna , Castiglioni Elisabetta , Mazzanti Marta , Rottoli Mauro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn order to identify new crops in the 1st millennium ce in northern Italy, a complex and diversified territory, archaeobotanical macroremains from 155 sites dating between the 2nd century bce and 12th century ce were analysed. In more than half of the sites, taxa were encountered that had never previously been recorded from the area. The new crops are about 30, mainly (~ 70%) fruit plants in the broad sense, which have a clear peak in this time period. Based on the available data, the most prominent time for the introduction of new food plants (both imports and cultivars) seems to have been the Roman Imperial period (1st–2nd century ce), but also later, in Late Antiquity (3rd–6th century ce) and the Middle Ages (7th–12 century ce), there was no lack of new arrivals. Some fruit trees, such as Prunus persica (peach) and Pinus pinea (stone pine) immediately played an important role, and have continued to do so over time, as these are still grown in the area now.
Tonometrie und Pachymetrie zur Erfassung der Augeninnendruckschwankungen beim Scuba-Tauchen
Authors: Brebeck A-K. , Huber H. , Schipke J. D. , Grehn F. , Haritoglou C. , Klink T. 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Derzeit ist noch nicht geklärt, ob das Tauchen mit Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (Scuba) mit klinisch relevanten Augeninnendruckschwankungen einhergeht und ob Glaukompatienten durch fortgesetztes Tauchen die Schadensentwicklung forcieren.

Ziel
Das Ziel der Studie besteht darin, den Augeninnendruck (IOD) im Rahmen von Scuba-Tauchgängen bei gesunden Personen zu erfassen, um das Gefährdungspotenzial von Glaukompatienten zu bewerten. Es besteht die Hypothese, dass Urlaubstauchgänge nicht zu nennenswerten Erhöhungen oder Schwankungen des IOD führen.

Material und Methoden
Es wurden 16 Taucher (davon 5 Frauen) in die Studie eingeschlossen. Sie führten 96 Tauchgänge mit Luft oder Nitrox32 in einer Tiefe von 20–30 m und einer Dauer von ca. 50 min durch. Die Messung der zentralen Hornhautdicke wurde mit dem Ultraschallpachymeter Pocket IITM (Quantel Medical Pocket II™, Quantel Medical, Clermont-Ferrand, Frankreich) durchgeführt, die Bestimmung des IOD fand mit dem Tonometer Icare® PRO (Icare® PRO, Icare Finland Oy, Espoo, Finnland) direkt vor dem Tauchen und innerhalb von 10 min nach dem Auftauchen statt.

Ergebnisse
Alle Analysen bezogen sich ausschließlich auf das rechte Auge. Die durchschnittlichen IOD-Werte aller Tauchgänge schwankten zwischen 15,6 und 19,2 mm Hg und 16,8 und 18,2 mm Hg (vor dem Tauchgang zu nach dem Tauchgang). Die Spannweite des IOD betrug vor dem Tauchen 2,2–11,5 mm Hg (∆ = 9,3 mm Hg) und nach dem Tauchen 2,7–14,8 mm Hg (∆ = 12,1 mm Hg). Bei 11,5 % und 18,8 % lag der IOD über 21 mm Hg (vor dem Tauchen zu nach dem Tauchen).

Schlussfolgerung
Die Studie ergab keinen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen dem IOD vor und nach dem Tauchen. Es kann daher angenommen werden, dass das Tauchen keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf den IOD hat.
Influence of health literacy on health-related quality of life after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Strahl André , Bücker Lara , Bechler Ulrich , Krüger Lara , Ries Christian , Hubert Jan , Beil Frank Timo , Rolvien Tim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Personal knowledge about the own disease, a key component of health literacy (HL), may have a considerable impact on treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the patients’ knowledge about the surgical procedure, risks, and aftercare, as well as the satisfaction with the preoperative level of information, has an influence on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Materials and methods
A total of 176 patients (68.3 ± 10.3 years, 60.8% female) were evaluated. HRQoL was assessed prior to surgery as well as one and twelve months after THA using the 12-item Short Form Questionnaire. Following standardized surgical informed consent, HL was assessed preoperatively using a self-constructed quiz score, while information satisfaction was measured with a single-item rating scale. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including pain (VAS), functionality (WOMAC), and psychological distress (PHQ-4), were also assessed at baseline. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine whether HL, satisfaction with information, age, social class, WOMAC, VAS, and PHQ-4 predict HRQoL at one and twelve months post-surgery.

Results
The average HL quiz score was 23 ± 5.1 out of a possible 33 points. Social class index significantly influenced HL (p < 0.001). A weak correlation between HL and age (r = 0.23, p = 0.01) and no correlation between HL and psychological distress (p = 0.868) were observed. One month after THA, physical HRQoL was significantly predicted by the WOMAC index (p = 0.031) and subjective satisfaction with information (p = 0.022), but not by HL. After twelve months, only the WOMAC was a significant predictor (p < 0.001) of physical HRQoL.

Conclusion
Although subjective satisfaction with the patient’s preoperative level of information had a significant effect on the physical HRQoL at one month after THA, the influence of osteoarthritis severity outweighed this effect after twelve months. HL had no direct influence on HRQoL. These results suggest that patient satisfaction, rather than knowledge, predicts HRQoL.
Water stress decreases the biocontrol efficacy of a nucleopolyhedrovirus against the fall armyworm on maize
Authors: Real-Santillán Raúl Omar , del-Val Ek , Williams Trevor , Martínez-Castillo Ana Mabel , Gavito Mayra E. , Contreras-Cornejo Hexon Ángel , Díaz Tsiri , García-Gómez Griselda , Larsen John 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDrought events are expected to limit crop productivity in the context of current climate change. Drought is also likely to affect multitrophic interactions such as those involving plants, phytophagous insects and their natural enemies. We designed a two-phase experiment to test the effect of water availability and fertilizer treatment on the interaction between maize, the fall armyworm and its nucleopolyhedrovirus pathogen. Plants grown in soil with high irrigation and mineral fertilization had the highest shoot and root dry weight. Furthermore, plant nitrogen levels were higher in plants with fertilization and a low irrigation scheme compared to other treatments. Low irrigation of maize plants reduced virus-induced mortality of armyworm larvae. Insects did not feed on plants with high irrigation and without fertilization. We conclude that water stress and plant nutrition can affect virus performance and thereby affect the efficiency of biological control and pest management, especially as water and nutrient limitation will likely increase under climate change.
Body, Breath, and Mind: Feasibility of an Internet Intervention for Depressive Symptoms Combining Qi Gong and Behavioral Activation
Authors: Michalak Johannes , Puntke Tobias , Trimpop Leonie , Bohn Annette , Schell Estelle , Reichert Hannah , Senker Kerstin , Heidenreich Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Research has consistently shown that the motor system and emotional processes are interrelated in non-clinical as well as in clinical populations. Therefore, the body might be a promising target for the treatment of depression. Based on these notions, we developed Body, Breath and Mind (BBM) a minimally monitored online intervention combining body orientated Qi Gong practice with elements of behavioral activation (BA). This study aims to assess the feasibility of BBM.

Methods
One hundred and ten adults showing at least moderate levels of depression were recruited and a single group pre-/post-test design was used. BBM consists of eight modules including Qi Gong as well as BA homework practice. Instructions for Qi Gong practice were given via video. Feasibility outcome measures included treatment adherence, preliminary effectiveness, satisfaction and practice time. Primary outcome measure was the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) assessing depressive symptoms.

Results
We found significant reduction of depressive symptoms with a large effect size (dAV = – 1.82) and participants were satisfied with Qi Gong and BA elements as well as with the entire program. Thirty-four participants (31%) completed all eight modules.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that it would be feasible to proceed to a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the potential of BBM, a program combining body-oriented and BA elements.
Astronomical withdrawals: a green criminological examination of extreme energy mining on extraterrestrial objects
Authors: Lampkin Jack Adam , McClanahan Bill W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMining for natural resources on-Earth is commonplace and dates back over a hundred years at an industrial scale. Technological advances in outer space exploration are enabling the mining of extraterrestrial resources to transition from mere science fiction, to a serious possibility. In recent decades, several new start-up companies have arisen with the sole intention of exploiting resources that exist in outer space, such as on Earth’s moon, asteroids, meteorites, planets, and various planetary satellites, such as the moons of Mars - Phobos and Diemos. However, despite the increased investment and interest in space mining, criminologists have remained virtually silent on outer space issues. In this paper we adopt a green criminological approach to explain the emergence of outer space mining, and argue that now is the time to be researching and debating the phenomenon of extraterrestrial mining in order to prevent future social and environmental harm (following the precautionary principle of environmental law). To do this, the paper does three things. Firstly, it examines strategies for conducting space mining (such as its feasibility, probable locations, and innovative mining techniques). Secondly, it analyses the terrestrial and extraterrestrial impacts of space mining, unveiling several avenues for the creation of social and environmental harm. Finally, it uses a green criminological approach to justify the rationale for engaging legal scholars and criminologists with problematic space mining issues. The paper concludes that now is the time to discuss these issues, prior to the industrialisation and exploitation of unique celestial bodies.
Functional and variables selection in extreme value models for regional flood frequency analysis
Authors: Gardini Aldo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe problem of estimating return levels of river discharge, relevant in flood frequency analysis, is tackled by relying on the extreme value theory. The Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution is assumed to model annual maxima values of river discharge registered at multiple gauging stations belonging to the same river basin. The specific features of the data from the Upper Danube basin drive the definition of the proposed statistical model. Firstly, Bayesian P-splines are considered to account for the non-linear effects of station-specific covariates on the GEV parameters. Secondly, the problem of functional and variable selection is addressed by imposing a grouped horseshoe prior to the coefficients to encourage the shrinkage of non-relevant components to zero. A cross-validation study is organized to compare the proposed modeling solution to other models, showing its potential to reduce the uncertainty of the ungauged predictions without affecting their calibration.
Has the public good of higher education been emptied out? The case of England
Authors: Marginson Simon , Yang Lili 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn Anglophone neoliberal jurisdictions, policy highlights the private goods associated with higher education but largely neglects the sector’s contributions to public good not measurable as economic values, including non-pecuniary individual benefits and collective social outcomes. Governments are silent on the existence and funding of most public goods. The paper reports on understandings of the public good role of higher education in England after nearly a decade of full marketisation. The study, part of a cross-national comparison of 11 countries, consisted of a review of major policy reports, and 24 semi-structured interviews in universities (13) and among higher education policy professionals (11) including regulators, national organisations and experts. England has no policy language for talking about outcomes of higher education other than attenuated performative outputs such as graduate salaries, research impact, knowledge exchange and widening participation, understood as individual access to education as a private good. Awareness of multiple public goods has been suppressed to justify successive fee increases and the imposition of a market in the centralised English system. This has coincided with a shift from direct government funding and collaborative stewardship by state and institutions, to student funding and top-down regulation. Nevertheless, most interviewees, including regulators, advocated an open-ended public good role and provided many examples of public goods in higher education, though the concepts lacked clarity. The policy notion of a zero-sum relation of private and public outcomes, corresponding to the split of private/public costs, was rejected in favour of a positive-sum relation of private and public outcomes.
Teachers’ perceived opportunity to contribute to school culture transformation
Authors: Reinius Hanna , Hakkarainen Kai , Juuti Kalle , Korhonen Tiina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTeachers’ active role in school development has been recognized as important in school culture transformation. Leadership practices, such as distributed leadership and organizational support, aim to engage teachers and foster their participation and contribution opportunities. However, studies have shown that teachers’ earlier experiences and beliefs shape their participation activities. To facilitate school culture transformation and the development of pedagogical practices, it is important to understand how teachers position themselves as school developers. This interview study aims to explore what kinds of views teachers express regarding school development work and teacher collaboration, along with how these views influence their perceived opportunity to contribute to school culture transformation. Altogether, 35 teachers from three schools in Helsinki, Finland, were interviewed. The analysis revealed five teacher profiles and, thus, five different ways of approaching school culture transformation: (1) Visioner, (2) Responsibility Bearer, (3) Participating Observer, (4) Traditionalist, and (5) Stressed Withdrawer. Teachers’ orientation to school development work and received organizational support influenced teachers’ perceived contribution opportunities. Furthermore, the identified profiles experienced the needed organizational support for school development work differently; for some, it was mainly common time for collaboration, while for others, it meant reorganized structures. The results indicate that diverse support is needed to engage the whole teacher community in school culture transformation and that school leaders need to pay attention to how the distributed leadership model benefits all teachers, not just the visionary ones.
Computed tomography–based device-sizing in Amplatzer Amulet left atrial appendage occlusion
Authors: Nirmalan Jonatan Gerard , Kramer Anders , Korsholm Kasper , Jensen Jesper Møller , Nielsen-Kudsk Jens Erik 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Amplatzer Amulet is a frequently used device for left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO). The current sizing protocol is based on the maximum diameter of the left atrial appendage (LAA) landing zone. However, mean, perimeter-, or area-derived diameter might be more accurate measures for device sizing.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of 150 consecutive patients undergoing LAAO is guided by pre-procedural cardiac CT. A total of 117 patients were included; 7 were excluded due to renal failure and 26 due to closure with the sandwich technique. The maximum, mean, area-, and perimeter-derived diameters of the landing zone were derived from pre-procedural cardiac CT scans, and their accuracy to predict the implanted device size was investigated. The predicted device size was determined based on the currently recommended sizing algorithm. Peri-device leak (PDL) was assessed (grade 1–3) along with the underlying mechanism.

Results
Device-sizing accuracy was superior for mean, area-, and perimeter derived diameters compared with the maximal diameter, especially for eccentric landing zones. Mean difference between predicted and actually implanted device size was 0.08 mm (± 2.77), 0.30 mm (± 2.40), − 0.39 mm (± 2.43), and − 2.55 mm (± 2.57) across mean, area-derived, perimeter-derived, and maximal diameter, respectively. Grade 3 peri-device leak was seen in 8.5% of implants without a significant association to the eccentricity of the landing zone. The leading mechanism for PDL was device malalignment.

Conclusion
Our results indicate mean, area-, and perimeter-derived diameters of the device landing zone to perform similar and superior in device-sizing accuracy compared with the maximum diameter.

Graphical Abstract
Unusual effects of a nanoporous gold substrate on cell adhesion and differentiation because of independent multi-branch signaling of focal adhesions
Authors: Wu Peizheng , Yanagi Kazuya , Yokota Kazuki , Hakamada Masataka , Mabuchi Mamoru 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA variety of cell behaviors, such as cell adhesion, motility, and fate, can be controlled by substrate characteristics such as surface topology and chemistry. In particular, the surface topology of substrates strongly affects cell behaviors, and the topological spacing is a critical factor in inducing cell responses. Various works have demonstrated that cell adhesion was enhanced with decreasing topological spacing although differentiation progressed slowly. However, there are exceptions, and thus, correlations between topological spacing and cell responses are still debated. We show that a nanoporous gold substrate affected cell adhesion while it neither affected osteogenic nor adipogenic differentiation. In addition, the cell adhesion was reduced with decreasing pore size. These do not agree with previous findings. A focal adhesion (FA) is an aggregate of modules comprising specific proteins such as FA kinase, talin, and vinculin. Therefore, it is suggested that because various extracellular signals can be independently branched off from the FA modules, the unusual effects of nanoporous gold substrates are related to the multi-branching of FAs.
Graphical Abstract