bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of machine learning models to predict cancer-related fatigue in Dutch breast cancer survivors up to 15 years after diagnosis
Authors: Beenhakker Lian , Wijlens Kim A. E. , Witteveen Annemieke , Heins Marianne , Korevaar Joke C. , de Ligt Kelly M. , Bode Christina , Vollenbroek-Hutten Miriam M. R. , Siesling Sabine 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To prevent (chronic) cancer-related fatigue (CRF) after breast cancer, it is important to identify survivors at risk on time. In literature, factors related to CRF are identified, but not often linked to individual risks. Therefore, our aim was to predict individual risks for developing CRF.

Methods
Two pre-existing datasets were used. The Nivel-Primary Care Database and the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR) formed the Primary Secondary Cancer Care Registry (PSCCR). NCR data with Patient Reported Outcomes Following Initial treatment and Long-term Evaluation of Survivorship (PROFILES) data resulted in the PSCCR-PROFILES dataset. Predictors were patient, tumor and treatment characteristics, and pre-diagnosis health. Fatigue was GP-reported (PSCCR) or patient-reported (PSCCR-PROFILES). Machine learning models were developed, and performances compared using the C-statistic.

Results
In PSCCR, 2224/12813 (17%) experienced fatigue up to 7.6 ± 4.4 years after diagnosis. In PSCCR-PROFILES, 254 (65%) of 390 patients reported fatigue 3.4 ± 1.4 years after diagnosis. For both, models predicted fatigue poorly with best C-statistics of 0.561 ± 0.006 (PSCCR) and 0.669 ± 0.040 (PSCCR-PROFILES).

Conclusion
Fatigue (GP-reported or patient-reported) could not be predicted accurately using available data of the PSCCR and PSCCR-PROFILES datasets.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
CRF is a common but underreported problem after breast cancer. We aimed to develop a model that could identify individuals with a high risk of developing CRF, ideally to help them prevent (chronic) CRF. As our models had poor predictive abilities, they cannot be used for this purpose yet. Adding patient-reported data as predictor could lead to improved results. Until then, awareness for CRF stays crucial.
Factors influencing droplet size in pneumatic and ultrasonic atomization and its application in food processing
Authors: Camacho-Lie Mariola , Antonio-Gutiérrez Oscar , López-Díaz Andrea Selene , López-Malo Aurelio , Ramírez-Corona Nelly 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDroplet size has significant scientific and industrial relevance in the effectiveness of atomization for several applications in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. This technology is widely employed in the food industry for processes such as spray drying, microencapsulation, edible coatings, and food disinfection, among others. This work comprehensively reviews the effect of liquid properties and equipment operating factors influencing droplet size in pneumatic and ultrasonic atomization. The discussion on the atomization theories includes the different models for estimating droplet size as a function of selected variables for both processes. The different model approaches are reviewed, focusing on their advantages, disadvantages, applications, and limitations. Furthermore, selected models were employed to carry out different sensitivity analyses showing the effect of variables related to the liquid properties, the type and characteristics of the atomizers, and the operating conditions, allowing the reader to appreciate the most critical factors in both atomization systems.
Threshold and suprathreshold component analysis in olfactory dysfunction: a retrospective study
Authors: Brabahar Berenice Stella , Kurien Regi , Panicker Raga , Rebekah Grace , Varghese Lalee 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse variations in the n-butanol threshold and odour identification scores of the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Centre test in various grades of olfactory dysfunction and in different nasal conditions leading to olfactory loss.MethodRetrospective observational study.ResultsAll grades of olfactory dysfunction were predominantly noted among males. In chronic rhinosinusitis, anosmia or severe hyposmia was seen in 87.5 per cent of patients without polyps in comparison with 68 per cent of patients with polyps. In addition, 90 per cent of patients with atrophic rhinitis and post-traumatic loss had anosmia, but only 30.7 per cent of patients with allergic rhinitis had anosmia. Pepper was the most affected smell for all the nasal diseases except atrophic rhinitis, in which asafoetida and baby powder smells were affected more.ConclusionIn most inflammatory sinonasal conditions, odour identification is relatively preserved even when the threshold is maximally affected. In patients with comparable olfactory dysfunction based on the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Centre test score, a relatively preserved suprathreshold odour identification score may predict better prognosis.
Evaluation of garlic genotypes for yield performance and stability using GGE biplot analysis and genotype by environment interaction
Authors: Mengistu Fekadu Gebretensay , Mossie Gizachew Atinafu , Fita Getachew Tabor 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn Ethiopia, the low productivity of garlic is largely due to a shortage of high yielding and stable varieties. To address this issue, thirteen garlic genotypes were evaluated for yield stability and performance across six different environments in central and southeast Ethiopia. The genotypes were analysed using Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) and genotype-by-environment interaction (G × E) methods. Results showed that the genotypes differed significantly for bulb yield performance and morphological traits, with G-020/03 and G-054/03 producing the highest bulb yield with 25.39% and 18.39% yield advantages over the check variety, Kuriftu, respectively. Furthermore, G-020/03 demonstrated better yield stability across most environments, while G-054/03 exhibited specific adaptability. GGE biplot analysis confirmed that these two genotypes were among the three winning genotypes in terms of yield performance and relative stability. Therefore, G-020/03 and G-054/03 have been selected as candidate varieties for release, potentially improving garlic productivity in Ethiopia.
Comment on “Phosphine in the Venusian Atmosphere: A Strict Upper Limit From SOFIA GREAT Observations” by Cordiner et al.
Authors: Greaves Jane S. , Petkowski Janusz J. , Richards Anita M. S. , Sousa‐Silva Clara , Seager Sara , Clements David L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSearches for phosphine in Venus' atmosphere have sparked a debate. Cordiner et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022gl101055) analyze spectra from the Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) and infer <0.8 ppb of PH3. We noticed that some spectral artifacts arose from non‐essential calibration‐load signals. By‐passing these signals allows simpler post‐processing and a 5.7σ candidate detection, suggesting ∼3 ppb of PH3 above the clouds. Compiling six phosphine results hints at an inverted abundance trend: decreasing above the clouds but rising again in the mesosphere from some unexplained source. However, no such extra source is needed if phosphine is undergoing destruction by sunlight (photolysis), to a similar degree as on Earth. Low phosphine values/limits are found where the viewed part of the super‐rotating Venusian atmosphere had passed through sunlight, while high values are from views moving into sunlight. We suggest Venusian phosphine is indeed present, and so merits further work on models of its origins.
The Role of the North Atlantic for Heat Wave Characteristics in Europe, an ECHAM6 Study
Authors: Bischof Sabine , Pilch Kedzierski Robin , Hänsch Martje , Wahl Sebastian , Matthes Katja 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe recent severe European summer heat waves of 2015 and 2018 co‐occurred with cold subpolar North Atlantic (NA) sea surface temperatures (SSTs). However, a significant connection between this oceanic state and European heat waves was not yet established. We performed two AMIP‐like model experiments: (a) employing daily 2018 SSTs as observed and (b) applying a novel approach to remove the negative NA SST anomaly, while keeping SST daily and small‐scale variability. Comparing these experiments, we find that cold subpolar NA SSTs significantly increase heat wave duration and magnitude downstream over the European continent. Surface temperature and circulation anomalies are connected by the upper‐tropospheric summer wave pattern of meridional winds over the North Atlantic European sector, which is enhanced with cold NA SSTs. Our results highlight the relevance of the subpolar NA region for European summer conditions, a region that is marked by large biases in current coupled climate model simulations.
Prospective Evolution of Meteorological Drought in the Haihe River Basin and Its Connection With Large‐Scale Atmospheric Circulations Using CMIP6 Multimodel Ensemble
Authors: Jin Huiyu , Li Xiao , Zhang Yan , He Li , Zhang Guoshuai , Ma Weichun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClimate change modifies monsoon rainfall patterns, leading to significant impacts on future meteorological droughts. This study investigated the spatiotemporal pattern of future precipitation, drought features, and the dynamic mechanisms governing their evolution induced by teleconnected atmospheric circulation in the Haihe River Basin, situated in the north China monsoon region. The investigation was conducted under SSP1‐2.6, SSP2‐4.5, and SSP5‐8.5 scenarios of CMIP6, utilizing the Standardized Precipitation Index and an improved run theory at seasonal and annual scales. The findings revealed that high‐emission scenarios cause a wetter climate trend, particularly in autumn and winter, related to the attenuation of the East Asian Trough from climate warming. The uneven intra‐annual precipitation patterns within the basin, induced by the Asian monsoon climate, are expected to improve in the far future, particularly under the SSP2‐4.5 scenarios. The drought frequency, intensity, and duration of future meteorological drought are expected to improve compared to historical conditions under all three scenarios. SSP2‐4.5 shows the shortest duration and lightest intensity of annual droughts. Extreme droughts are primarily driven by strong subsidence with low‐level moisture divergence. However, in the far future, the eastward shift of the western Pacific subtropical high results in reducing moisture transport from the western Pacific, leading to increasing contribution of advection term to atmospheric drying, particularly under the SSP1‐2.6. In winter, the increase in radiative forcing leads to enhanced evapotranspiration from the Eurasian continent, providing additional moisture and alleviating drought, especially in the far future under the SSP1‐2.6 and SSP2‐4.5 scenarios.
Applications of the experience sampling method (ESM) in paediatric healthcare: a systematic review
Authors: van Dalen Marije , Snijders Anne , Dietvorst Evelien , Bracké Katrien , Nijhof Sanne L. , Keijsers Loes , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Legerstee Jeroen S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
With the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) participants are asked to provide self-reports of their symptoms, feelings, thoughts and behaviours in daily life. This preregistered systematic review assessed how ESM is being used to monitor emotional well-being, somatic health, fatigue and pain in children and adolescents with a chronic somatic illness.

Methods
Databases were searched from inception. Studies were selected if they included children or adolescents aged 0–25 years with a chronic somatic illness and used ESM focussing on mental health or psychosocial wellbeing, biopsychosocial factors and/or somatic health. Two reviewers extracted data of the final 47 papers, describing 48 studies.

Results
Most studies evaluated what factors influence medical or psychological symptoms and how symptoms influence each other. Another common purpose was to study the feasibility of ESM or ESM as part of an app or intervention. Study methods were heterogeneous and most studies lack adequate reporting of ESM applications and results.

Conclusions
While ESM holds great potential for providing results and feedback to patients and caregivers, little use is being made of this option. Future studies should consider what they report in their studies, conduct a priori power analyses and how ESM can be embedded in clinical practice.

Impact

While ESM has many clinical applications, it is currently mostly used for research purposes.

Current studies using ESM are heterogeneous and lack consistent, high-quality reporting.

There is great potential in ESM for providing patients and parents with personalised feedback.
Emodin exhibits anti-acne potential by inhibiting cell growth, lipogenesis, and inflammation in human SZ95 sebocytes
Authors: Liu Si , Luo Xiao-Hua , Liu Yu-Feng , Zouboulis Christos C. , Shi Ge 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEmodin, a natural anthraquinone derivative, possesses anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties in skin diseases. However, little information is available on the efficacy of emodin in treating acne vulgaris (acne). This study aims to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of emodin as an anti-acne agent. In vitro, SZ95 sebocytes was chose to establish an acneigenic cellular model. We found that emodin effectively inhibited proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of SZ95 sebocytes in a dose-dependent manner. To evaluate the lipid-lowering potential of emodin, we examined the levels of lipid contents and lipogenic transcription factors, and found that both lipid production and protein expression of PPARγ, LXR α/β, and SREBP-1 were decreased after treatment with emodin. Furthermore, our results revealed that emodin inhibited sebaceous lipogenesis induced by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which was accompanied by a potent inhibition of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) pathway. In detail, emodin augmented the inhibitory effect of isotretinoin and PI3K inhibitor LY294002, while attenuating the activation of IGF-1 on PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway. In addition, emodin could decrease the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and suppress the expression of NLRP3, capase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in SZ95 sebocytes exposed to Cutibacterium acnes. Overall, our study provides preliminary evidence supporting the anti-growth, anti-lipogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of emodin, indicating the potential therapeutic application of emodin for acne treatment.
Risk of Severe Maternal Morbidity Associated with Maternal Comorbidity Burden and Social Vulnerability
Authors: Gulersen Moti , Alvarez Alejandro , Suarez Fernando , Kouba Insaf , Rochelson Burton , Combs Adriann , Nimaroff Michael , Blitz Matthew J. 
Published: December 2023

Objective We evaluated the associations of the obstetric comorbidity index (OB-CMI) and social vulnerability index (SVI) with severe maternal morbidity (SMM).
Study Design Multicenter retrospective cohort study of all patients who delivered (gestational age > 20 weeks) within a university health system from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021. OB-CMI scores were assigned to patients using clinical documentation and diagnosis codes. SVI scores, released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), were assigned to patients based on census tracts. The primary outcome was SMM, based on the 21 CDC indicators. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to model the odds of SMM as a function of OB-CMI and SVI while adjusting for maternal race and ethnicity, insurance type, preferred language, and parity.
Results In total, 73,518 deliveries were analyzed. The prevalence of SMM was 4% (n = 2,923). An association between OB-CMI and SMM was observed (p < 0.001), where OB-CMI score categories of 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 were associated with higher odds of SMM compared with an OB-CMI score category of 0. In the adjusted model, there was evidence of an interaction between OB-CMI and maternal race and ethnicity (p = 0.01). After adjusting for potential confounders, including SVI, non-Hispanic Black patients had the highest odds of SMM among patients with an OB-CMI score category of 1 and ≥4 compared with non-Hispanic White patients with an OB-CMI score of 0 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.08–3.66 and aOR = 10.07, 95% CI: 8.42–12.03, respectively). The association between SVI and SMM was not significant on adjusted analysis.
Conclusion OB-CMI was significantly associated with SMM, with higher score categories associated with higher odds of SMM. A significant interaction between OB-CMI and maternal race and ethnicity was identified, revealing racial disparities in the odds of SMM within each higher OB-CMI score category. SVI was not associated with SMM after adjusting for confounders.
Key Points
The quantum optics of gravitational waves
Authors: Abrahão Luca , Coradeschi Francesco , Micol Frassino Antonia , Guerreiro Thiago , Rittenhouse West Jennifer , Schioppa Enrico Junior 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
By utilizing quantum optics techniques, we examine the characteristics of a quantum gravitational wave (GW) signature at interferometers. In particular, we study the problem by analyzing the equations of motion of a GW interacting with an idealized interferometer. Using this method, we reconstruct the classical GW signal from a representation of the quantum version of an almost classical monochromatic wave (a single-mode coherent state), then we discuss the experimental signatures of some specific, more general quantum states. We calculate the observables that could be used at future interferometers to probe possible quantum states carried by the GWs.
Jaynes–Cummings model in a weak gravitational wave background
Authors: Sorge Francesco 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Working in the framework of the linearized theory, we analyze the influence of a weak gravitational wave on the dynamics of the Jaynes–Cummings model, describing the interaction between a two-level quantum system and the electromagnetic field in a cavity. We show that the gravitational wave induces a small, time-dependent modulation in the generalized Rabi frequency Ω of the system. Such a modulation has the same frequency as the incoming gravitational wave. We also find that the atomic inversion acquires a similar time-dependent modulation. After a

π

/

2
−

pulse of the electromagnetic driving field in the cavity, an atomic population N
0, previously prepared in its excited state, ends showing a small unbalance

Δ
N
=

N
e

−

N
g

between the excited and the de-excited atoms. The unbalance amplitude is proportional to HN
0, with H being the gravitational strain. We briefly comment about possible astrophysical implications.
A Bayesian approach for CT reconstruction with defect detection for subsea pipelines
Authors: Christensen Silja L , Riis Nicolai A B , Pereyra Marcelo , Jørgensen Jakob S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Subsea pipelines can be inspected via 2D cross-sectional x-ray computed tomography (CT). Traditional reconstruction methods produce an image of the pipe’s interior that can be post-processed for detection of possible defects. In this paper we propose a novel Bayesian CT reconstruction method with built-in defect detection. We decompose the reconstruction into a sum of two images; one containing the overall pipe structure, and one containing defects, and infer the images simultaneously in a Gibbs scheme. Our method requires that prior information about the two images is very distinct, i.e. the first image should contain the large-scale and layered pipe structure, and the second image should contain small, coherent defects. We demonstrate our methodology with numerical experiments using synthetic and real CT data from scans of subsea pipes in cases with full and limited data. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in various data settings, with reconstruction quality comparable to existing techniques, while also providing defect detection with uncertainty quantification.
Single electron transistor based on twisted bilayer graphene quantum dots
Authors: Huang Zhongkai , He Yuping , Cao Jing , Li Qianqian , Li Chen , Li Guichuan , Bo Maolin , Yao Chuang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Electrical properties of twisted bilayer graphene exhibit angle-dependent characteristics, sparking a thriving development in the field of twistronics. However, the application of quantum dots (QDs) made of twisted bilayer graphene in single-electron transistors (SETs) remains largely unexplored so far. We here investigate the electronic properties of twisted bilayer graphene QDs (TBG QDs) within a SET configuration. We compare the performance of conventional and double-gated SET structures and find that the double-gated configuration provides enhanced control over the electronic properties of TBG QDs. We analyze the influence of rotation angles on the charge stability diagrams and observe that the linear and quadratic gate-island coupling strengths generally decrease as the rotation angle decreases. Furthermore, we quantify the effect of QD size on the charge stability diagrams and find that the size of the diamond-shaped regions decreases as the TBG QD size increases. Results presented herein may help pave the way for realization and application of TBG QDs based SET.
Interplay of spin and orbital ordering in a frustrated spinel chromite
Authors: Rathi Ashutosh , Babu P D , Sahlot Pooja , Awasthi A M , Chaudhary Shivani , Patnaik S , Pardeep  , Rout P K , Chittari Bheema Lingam , Basheed G A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Geometric Spin Frustration, when sufficiently strong, provides a platform for novel spin textures with emergent phenomena, such as ferroelectricity. This article investigates NiCr2O4, a spinel chromite co-hosting the frustration of Cr3+ spins with orbital frustration of Ni2+ ions, with the latter expected to eradicate the spin frustration by lowering lattice symmetry. Detailed experiments unveil an intriguing reentrant-spin-glass-like behavior alongside the previously known canted ferrimagnetism. Our analysis focuses on the ordering of Cr3+ spins at two distinct sublattices, with one contributing to canted ferrimagnetism, while the other exhibits a local

↑↑↓↓

(spin-frustrated) texture, potentially inducing spin-glass behavior. Density functional theory calculations corroborate the experimental findings, establishing

↑↑↓↓

as the ground state of NiCr2O4. This study presents new prospects for ferroelectricity driven by exchange striction in orbitally ordered spinel chromites.
Nonlocal phonon thermal transport in graphene in hydrodynamic regime
Authors: Luo Xiao-Ping , Guo Yang-Yu , Yi Hong-Liang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The hydrodynamic behavior of phonons is of particular interest and importance owing to the strong demand for highly thermal conductive materials. Thermal transport in hydrodynamic regime becomes essentially nonlocal, which can give rise to a number of new and counterintuitive phenomena. In this work, we present a direct numerical study of nonlocal phonon thermal transport in graphene ribbon with vicinity geometry based on the phonon Boltzmann transport equation with first-principles inputs. We demonstrate the viscosity-dominated hydrodynamic transport behaviors with two abnormal thermal transport phenomena: heat current whirlpools and negative nonlocal effect, which originate from phonon viscosity. Phonon viscosity produces the vorticity of shear flows, leading to the backflow of the heat current and the generation of negative nonlocal vicinity response. The system average temperature and the ribbon width as well as the relative positions of the heat sources play a pivotal role in the occurrence of heat current whirlpools and negative nonlocal temperature response. The present work provides solid evidence for phonon hydrodynamic transport in graphene and a potential avenue for experimental detection in the future.