bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma volume in normal pregnant Nigerian primigravidae
Authors: Abudu O.O. , Sofola O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPlasma volume was measured in 10 non‐pregnant, healthy nulliparous Nigerian and 30 normal primigravid Nigerians at various times of gestation by the Evans blue dye dilution technique. The mean plasma volume of 2098 ml for the non‐pregnant Nigerians was statistically different (P < 0.001) from values in non‐pregnant caucasian primigravidae of comparable status. A mean maximum plasma volume increase of 1387 ml above non‐pregnant value was found. Essentially, pregnancy imposed a much higher physiological load on Nigerian primigravidae compared to caucasian primigravidae. There was a significant negative correlation between plasma volume and packed cell volume (PCV) in pregnancy (r = −0.51, P < 0.001), which may be related to excessive hemodilution in the primigravid Nigerian. Differences found may be due to geographical and/or racial factors.
Craniofacial defects associated with amniotic band syndrome: A case report
Authors: Ito Masaharu , Onitsuka Yoshio , Matsui Kazuo , Fujisaki Syunichi , Maeyama Masao 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA pathological study was made of a female infant with amniotic band syndrome. At birth, the 1450‐g female infant was noted to have craniofacial defects such as anencephaly, cleft lip, severe nasal deformity and asymmetric microphthalmia. The fetal membrane was focally adhered to the scalp, and histological examinations revealed that the connecting area of the fetal head to the membrane resembled a serial architecture from keratinized squamous cells to amniotic layer without any inflammatory findings. These observations suggested that the etiology in the present case may be consistent with Torpin's mesodermic band theory.
Fertility after the demonstration of intravasation during hysterosalpingography
Authors: Ron M. , Menashe M. , Aviad I. , Palti Z. , Mogle P. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIntravasation of contrast medium was found in 28 women out of 450 women (6.25%) who underwent hysterosalpingography (HSG). Ten of these women had an otherwise normal uterine cavity and patent tubes. In six patients (66%) out of nine who underwent a repeated HSG within 2 months no intravasation was demonstrated. Seven of the 28 patients with intravasation (25%) of whom four were among the 10 patients with normal uterine cavity and patent tubes (40%) conceived and delivered later.It is concluded that in cases in which no other uterine pathology is demonstrated on HSG intravasation is not a persistent occurrence, and by itself does not affect the prognosis of fertility.
Advanced papillary adenocarcinoma of unknown origin as tumor previa during late pregnancy
Authors: Levin S. , Zuker N. , Grishkan A. , Ezra Y. , Rizel S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA 41‐year‐old woman with advanced abdominal adenocarcinoma presented at term pregnancy. The tumor was presented as previa and obstructed the delivery. A cesarean section was performed and a healthy child was born. At surgery diffuse metastatic disease was detected throughout the pelvis and abdomen and was partially resected. Combined chemotherapy consisting of cis‐platinum, adriamycin and cytoxan was administered for 5 months. At second‐look laparotomy no residual disease was found. We present an unusual presentation of metastatic abdominal undifferentiated carcinoma treated as ovarian cancer.
Long term follow‐up of women with hypertension in pregnancy
Authors: Selvaggi L. , Loverro G. , Schena F.P. , Manno C. , Cagnazzo G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe reproductive history and the present health status of 66 patients who had had a pregnancy complicated by hypertension during the period 1972–1982 were retrospectively studied. Hypertension in pregnancy is a poor prognostic factor not only for the future development of hypertension but, also, as it is associated to a very poor reproductive history. Such complications are more frequent in pregnant women with very high blood pressure (160/100). In fact, in the case of a previous pregnancy, this group of patients had experienced a high rate of abortions (31.7%), premature deliveries (17.8%) and perinatal mortality (21.4%). Moreover, these women are subject to a higher risk (56.5%) of developing hypertension in successive pregnancies. Risk factors for determining the future development of hypertension are: familiar hypertension, the severity of hypertension during pregnancy and pluriparity.
Maternity care monitoring: A contrast at two levels of health care delivery in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Otolorin E.O. , Marinho A.O. , Ojengbede O. , Odukoya A.O. , Palmer C.K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe obstetric performance of women delivering at two hospitals in Ibadan is compared in this study. The prevalence of high‐risk pregnancies at the tertiary level hospital (University College Hospital) was higher than that of the secondary level hospital (Oluyoro Catholic Hospital). Consequently, the cesarean section rate of the UCH (21.8%) was higher than that at the OCH (2.3%). Similarly, the maternal mortality (3.5 per 1000) and perinatal mortality (60.2 per 1000) at the UCH were significantly higher than at the OCH, 2.0 per 1000 and 9.8 per 1000, respectively. The need for a national birth survey based on a representative sample of all the different types of health establishments in Nigeria was stressed.
Peer review through perinatal statistics
Authors: Rooth G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe purpose here is to demonstrate that perinatal statistics serve as a powerful tool for peer review, thereby improving the standard of maternity care. These data were used as an instrument for peer review, first by comparing perinatal mortality between one country and another. More detailed statistics, rapidly fed back to the delivery units, acted as a strong inducement to practitioners at all levels who wanted to do at least as well as their neighbors. Examples are given from Sweden, Scotland and Germany.
Conjoined twins and abdominal pregnancy
Authors: Offringa P.J. , Wildschut H.I.J. , Tutein Nolthenius‐Puylaert M.C.B.J.E. , Leon S. , Boersma E.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAbdominal pregnancy is rare; conjoined twins are also rare. The diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy is easily missed and often not made until near full‐term. Similarly conjoined twins are not diagnosed until late in gestation or during parturition. In this case, the diagnosis of conjoined twins and abdominal pregnancy was only made during laparotomy.
Biomagnetic measurements of the brain activity of preeclamptic pregnant women using a superconducting quantum interference device
Authors: Anninos Ph. , Anastasiadis P. , Liberis V. , Galazios G. , Koutsougeras G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBiomagnetic brain activity was studied in 17 full‐term pregnant women with symptoms of pre‐eclampsia using the biomagnetometer SQUID. The results show obvious differences both in the waveforms and in the spectra that obtained from statistical Fourier analysis by comparing them with the corresponding results from 87 pregnant women with normal full‐term pregnancies. Specifically, in the pathological pregnancies the high magnetic field activity emitted from points of the mother's brain is distributed in the 2–7 Hz band frequency range whereas in normal pregnancies we found low magnetic field activity distributed over the 7 Hz band frequency.
Breastfeeding and health care services
Authors: Jolly R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBreastfeeding can help prevent the 38,000 daily deaths of infants and young children through its nutritional, immunologic, and sanitary aspects. Nevertheless, it is on the decline in most countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) have combined to issue guidelines on the role of maternity services in promoting breastfeeding, such as, a hospital breastfeeding policy with rooming‐in, demand‐feeding, and the elimination of bottles and breast milk substitutes. These practices have succeeded in programs around the world and have increased the breastfeeding rate at the same time that infection rates decreased.
Technical Working Group B Report: Government and donor support for breastfeeding promotion in hospitals and maternity care institutions
Authors: Belsey Mark , McGuire Judith , Greaves Peter 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe purpose of this workshop was to design a general strategy for government and donor support for breastfeeding promotion in hospitals and maternity care institutions. The overall success of the oral rehydration therapy (ORT) campaign to attract attention and funding was examined as a model. Several components were identified as leading to its success: a lobby of dynamic individuals; simple packages to “sell”; arguments that ORT was necessary and technically understandable; arguments couched in the language of either policy leaders and/or scientists; and detailed plans of action.
Technical working group C report: Breastfeeding promotion in health and health‐related programs
Authors: Spieler Jeff , Aumack Kimberly , Nathusius Dina 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe purpose of this working group was to design a general strategy for the development of activities in non‐maternity health settings and in health‐related programs. The working group proposed that all sectors of society, which have any direct or indirect contact with women of childbearing age, should be approached to advocate breastfeeding. Seven sectors were outlined with suggestions for action.
Severe hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti‐c
Authors: Appelman Z. , Lurie S. , Juster A. , Borenstein R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwo cases of severe hemolytic disease of the newborn due to c‐isoimmunization are presented. Both women were multiparous, had previous blood transfusion and high maternal tites of anti‐c (1:1024 and 1:4036, respectively).
Peripartum cocaine use: estimating risk of adverse pregnancy outcome
Authors: Cohen H.R. , Green J.R. , Crombleholme W.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPregnancy outcome of 83 patients with a positive urine toxicology screen for cocaine in the third trimester were reviewed. The outcomes of pregnancies complicated by cocaine abuse were compared to those of matched controls selected from our general obstetric population. We observed a statistically significant increase in the incidence of premature separation of the placenta, low birthweight infants, preterm deliveries, and the incidence of fetal distress requiring cesarean section. On admission, 55% of patients denied recent cocaine use. These observations have implications for planning perinatal services.
Shoulder dystocia: Anticipation and outcome
Authors: El Madany A.A. , Jallad K.B. , Radi F.A. , El Hamdan H. , O'deh H.M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractShoulder dystocia is a serious obstetric emergency with several cases of permanent disability and fetal deaths each year. Ninety‐eight cases of shoulder dystocia, an incidence of 0.45%, occurred in Farwania Hospital, Kuwait during 1985–1987. Of these 54.1% had one or more birth trauma. The perinatal mortality rate was 71.4 per thousand, with a considerable increase in the rate of maternal complications. Macrosomia, maternal diabetes, augmentation and induction of labor, vacuum extraction, post‐term and malposition, were identified risk factors. We found that if all babies weighing ⩾4.5 kg are delivered by cesarean section, dystocia can be significantly reduced.
Hysteroscopic hydrotubation for treatment of tubal blockage
Authors: Lei Z.W. , Xiao L. , Xie L. , Li J. , Chen Q.X. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn order to increase the effectiveness of hydrotubation, a plastic cannula was inserted into the fallopian tube under hysteroscopic control. Fifty women with tubal blockage confirmed by HSG were selected for treatment. Hydrotubation solution consisted of hydrocortisone (20 mg), gentamicin (160,000 IU) and procaine (80 mg) in 20 ml distilled water. Repeat HSG was performed. After three treatments, tubal patency (one or both tubes) was achieved in 20 women (40%), and seven pregnancies resulted within 1–18 months. Hysteroscopic hydrotubation may be an alternative treatment for tubal blockage.
Adenocarcinoma of the supernumerary ovary
Authors: Barik S. , Dhaliwal L.K. , Gopalan S. , Rajwanshi A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA rare case of adenocarcinoma of the supernumerary ovary is reported. This rarely encountered gynecological entity posed difficulty in diagnosis and management. However, the behavior is similar to adenocarcinoma of ovary originating from a normal site.
Menstruation: symptoms, management and attitudes in university students
Authors: Cronjé H.S. , Kritzinger I.E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe aim of the study was documentation of the attitude towards and management of menstruation in Afrikaans speaking university students. Of 130 questionnaires issued, 102 (78.5%) were analysed. Severe symptoms occurred in 23% of the women. Premenstrually, the major symptoms were irritability, moodiness, breast tenderness, skin changes and increased appetite. During menstruation, dysmenorrhea was the most important symptom. Although only 17.6% of the women consulted a physician during the 2 years preceding the study, 47.1% used medication for symptoms. Seventy‐six (74.5%) of the women accepted menstruation as an integral part of a woman's life whereas 19.6% preferred not to menstruate. In this latter group, the majority reported severe symptoms. Fear of consulting a physician for menstrual symptoms was documented.
Delegation of obstetric care in Indonesia
Authors: Thouw J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAn intervention and a control area were selected. Results of the intervention, which consisted of training TBAs, midwives, and health center doctors, were positive inasmuch as there was an increase in referrals of breech presentation, prolonged labor and intrapartum fever in the intervention area. Pregnant women in general were also more often referred in the intervention area as compared to the control area. The same outcome was seen in referrals of neonates weighing under 2000 or more than 4000 g. At the district hospital level, a great number of procedures were left to general practitioners with quite satisfactory results. Conclusions drawn from our experience are that: (1) obstetric care must of necessity be delegated to TBAs, midwives, and general practitioners; (2) TBAs can be taught to recognize danger signs; (3) general practitioners are able to do such procedures as curettage, vacuum or forceps deliveries, and manual removal of placenta.
Appropriate training for maternal health and the attributes of the trainer
Authors: Parry E.H.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis review describes the qualities which those who are trainers in safe motherhood and other programs should display. The educational principles and objectives for maternal health workers, based on the tasks which they have to do and expressed in the skills and competences they must attain, are related to practical methods of training. Problem‐based learning is advocated and the value of distance education for rural workers is discussed.
The effect of desogestrel for hormone replacement therapy on the blood lipid profiles of postmenopausal women
Authors: Tadmor O.P. , Kleinman Y. , Goldstein R. , Diamant Y.Z. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjective: To determine the effect of a hormone replacement protocol containing conjugated equine estrogens and desogestrel (which has a highly selective progestogenic and low androgenic effect) as the progestogen, on the plasma lipid profile, as compared with two other hormone replacement treatments (HRT). Method: Eighty‐nine healthy post‐menopausal women were divided prospectively into four groups. A control group of 24 women did not receive HRT. Twenty‐nine women received conjugated equine estrogen and medroxyprogesterone, and 13 women received a protocol containing estradiol, estriol and norethisterone acetate. Fasting blood lipid was taken at the end of each third cycle. The cumulative therapeutic response was calculated in each group as compared with initial values and between groups. Significance was analyzed by t‐tests. Results: A protocol containing desogestrel significantly decreased low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (27%; P < 0.05) and increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) by 30% (P < 0.05%) after 9 months. The ratio of total cholesterol to HDL‐C also decreased significantly (44%; P < 0.05). Conclusion: The most beneficial effect on plasma lipid profile was obtained with an HRT protocol containing desogestrel as the progesterone.
Female voluntary surgical contraception via minilaparotomy under local anesthesia
Authors: Jack K.E. , Chao C.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjective: To examine changes in prevalence and acceptance of sterilization methods in a developing country from 1986 to 1990. Method: Data from 5182 voluntary female sterilizations performed at 52 service sites in Nigeria were retrospectively reviewed for sterilization method, anesthesia technique, demographic factors, and patient acceptance. Results: The annual number of sterilization procedures increased dramatically over this period from 688 in 1986 to 1911 in 1989. Overall, 74.3% of the procedures were performed by minilaparotomy under local anesthesia (ML/LA), 6% by laparascopy/general anesthesia, and 19.7% by laparatomy/general anesthesia. ML/LA was found to be a very safe method, with a complication rate of 1.4% 98.6% of ML/LA patients expressed complete satisfaction with the procedure. Conclusion: Female sterilization increased in acceptance in Nigeria over the period 1986–1990 concomitant with the increased use of ML/LA. This approach is safe, cost‐effective, and appropriate for the developing world.
The treatment of female urethral diverticulum with calculus through ultrasonic lithotripsy
Authors: Guidi H.G.C. , Montelatto N.I.D. , Ribeiro R.M. , Pinotti J.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case report is presented of a large urethral diverticulum with calculus. We proposed the use of transurethral ultrasonic lithotripsy, followed by conventional surgical reconstruction 3 months later, when the condition had improved. The patient was completely cured.
Community care for late adolescents
Authors: Aldrich Anne 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis paper describes supportive accommodation for late adolescents in Cambridge provided by the Castle Project in conjunction with the Young People's Psychiatric Service. It outlines the characteristics of young people referred to the Project over the first years of its existence, their lengths of stay and next moves, and suggests that there are members of two groups, those with schizophrenic‐type disorders and those with pronounced antisocial behaviour, who present long‐term problems of care and accommodation and whose needs are not yet catered for appropriately.
Adolescent fantasy and self‐fulfilment: the problem of female passivity
Authors: Humphrey Michael , Lenham Christine 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA detailed analysis is reported of essays written by teenagers from two independent schools (120 of each sex) in response to the opening sentence: “Today is my eightieth birthday and I look back to the day I left school.” Predictably the girls were orientated toward marriage and family life, and were somewhat less career‐minded than the boys. They were also less politically aware, and saw hobbies as a luxury for their retirement and not as an integral part of life. Essentially they differed from the boys in being ready to live through others rather than on their own terms. These findings are interpreted in the light of Freud's distinction between passivity and the pursuit of a passive aim, which may call for well directed activity.
Implications of criminal career research for the prevention of offending
Authors: Farrington David P. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn the Cambridge Study of Delinquent Development, 411 London males have been followed up from age 8 to age 32. Offending was only one element of a general syndrome of antisocial behaviour, which showed significant continuity from childhood to adulthood. The most important childhood (age 8–11) predictors of offending up to age 32 were: socio‐economic deprivation, poor parenting, family deviance, school problems, hyperactivity‐impulsivity‐attention deficit, and antisocial child behaviour. A theory was proposed to explain these results, including criminal motivation, internalized beliefs about offending, and rational decision‐making. It was concluded that the most hopeful methods of preventing offending were behavioural parent training and pre‐school intellectual enrichment programmes.
Leisure activities of adolescent school students: predictors of participation and interest
Authors: Garton Alison F. , Pratt Chris 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFrequency of participation and levels of interest in more than 60 leisure pursuits were measured via a questionnaire administered to 1248 adolescent high school students. The relationship between participation and levels of interest was measured by correlation as well as by asking the students to nominate up to three activities they would like to participate in but cannot and to indicate the reason for their non‐participation. Factor analyses reduced the Participation and Interest items to six factors each. Multiple regressions were then conducted on the derived factor‐score variables. Sex was the major predictor of participation in sports and vocational activities and of interest in sporting and gregarious activities. Age, school location, ethnicity and SES were lesser predictors for groups of activities such as the social and outdoor pursuits. The results are discussed in terms of the theoretical and practical implications of the relationship between participation and interest as well as the prediction of participation and interest levels by developmental and social factors.
Five year clinical experience with the copper 7 intrauterine device
Authors: Gobeaux‐Castadot Marie‐Jeanne , Boria Maria C. , Chervenak Frank A. , Aubert Jose M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe clinical observation of 1547 patients who had a Copper 7 IUD inserted in a municipal hospital in New York City during the period August 1, 1974 to July 31, 1979, is presented. Despite the extreme mobility of this lower socio‐economic population, complete followup was possible for 79% of the insertions.The demographic characteristics of the patients are presented, as well as the number of events and closures for the first segment of use and for all segments. The events are analyzed by patient's age, gravidity, parity and duration of use. Net annual rates for accidental pregnancies, expulsions and removals, as well as continuation rates are presented for the first 3 years of use. Net cumulative rates for the same events are presented for the 5 years of the study.
Prediction of time to delivery from start of contractions in induced labor: A life table analysis approach
Authors: Bremme K. , Nilsson B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractLabor was induced in a total of 200 patients. Outcome of treatment was compared with respect to time to delivery from start of contractions. Prognostic variables compared here were, e.g. dilatation, parity and Bishop score. All comparisons were performed with a life table technique, both bivariate and multivariate. Parity showed a strong relation to prognosis and so did cervical dilatation. The degree of cervical dilatation as in spontaneous labor is the factor in the Bishop index that correlated best to the outcome of treatment. With the two predictors parity and dilatation, a scoring system was constructed.