bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sintesis Fotokatalis TiO2 pada Material Penyangga
Authors: Arief Ilham Lazuardy , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Asri Asifa 
Published: December 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian berupa modifikasi material fotokatalis berbasis titanium dioksida (TiO2) pada material penyangga polipropilena (PP). Material fotokatalis adalah jenis material yang digunakan dalam beberapa proses degradasi senyawa organik dengan bantuan aktivasi oleh foton. Modifikasi dilakukan menggunakan teknik thermal milling. Teknik ini memanfaatkan Heat Deflecting Temperature untuk menempelkan TiO2 pada permukaan PP. Temperatur yang digunakan adalah 175°C dan dilakukan selama 40 menit. Perbandingan PP dan TiO2 yang digunakan sebanyak 4:1 dengan massa masing-masing 140 g dan 35 g. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dilihat dari tiga hal yakni visual material hasil sintesis, perubahan massa, serta hasil visual proses fotodegradasi menggunakan material hasil sintesis. Visual material hasil sintesis menunjukkan permukaan yang kasap serta terjadi pertambahan massa sebesar 1,4 g untuk tiap 47 g. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa PP telah berlapis TiO2 sehingga dapat dikatakan PP mampu menjadi material penyangga TiO2 sebagai material fotokatalis. Untuk proses fotodegradasi, terjadi perubahan warna pada limbah artifisial. Perubahan yang terjadi adalah limbah berangsur-angsur memudar. Hal ini menunjukkan performa material hasil sintesis mampu melakukan proses fotodegradasi. Pada proses ini juga tidak ditemukan adanya residu tambahan sehingga penelitian ini menunjukkan keberhasilan PP dalam solusi untuk menciptakan metode degradasi tanpa residu tambahan.
BREMSSTRAHLUNG FORMATION IN THE DUAL ENERGY METHOD FOR RADIOGRAPHY OF THE UNAUTHORIZED EMBEDDING
Authors: Rudychev V. G. , Girka I. O. , Rudychev D. V. , Rudychev Y. V. 
Published: December 2023

The possibility of an effective method of dual-energy radiography unauthorized inclusions containing heavy elements in cargo containers has been investigated. A method for optimizing the energy performance of the bremsstrahlung radiation: low-energy beam (containing the maximum number of photons in the energy range, which is dominated by Compton effect) and high energy beam (with a maximum number of high-energy photons, electron-positron pairs) has been developed. The influence of the converter thickness and converter material on the spectral characteristics of the beams of photons has been investigated. The variants of treelayers efficient converters have been proposed. On the basis of the Monte Carlo and quasi-analytical method a numerical experiment radiography investments has been completed. It is shown that the use of optimally shaped beams can reliably distinguish embeddingfrom lead to masking the background of steel structures up to 25 cm
High-Temperature Silicides: Properties and Application
Authors: Lytovchenko S. V. 
Published: December 2023

The overview presents a historic retrospective and current state of research of structure, properties and application of hightemperature silicide materials in science and engineering. These materials, particularly construction and functional materials based on or involving silicide refractory metals, are a most important alternative class of materials which adequately complete with special alloys, intermetallic metals, and ceramics that are traditionally used at high (above 15000C) temperatures in oxidizing and other aggressiveenvironments. The paper analyzes the data available on constitutional diagrams, particularly on molybdenum-silicon and tungsten-silicon systems. Also, it shows differences in descriptions of diagrams given by different authors and considers some crystallochemical and physical properties of some high-temperature silicides. The paper reviews areas of application of high-temperature silicide materials of various types (layered and multiple-phase composites, consolidated powders, film structure, three-dimensional materials), and presents details of the challenges encountered in the process of creation and application of high-temperature protectingsilicide coatings, as well as possible ways to improve their performance. It is noted that lack of unified approach to presentation and correlation of research results as well as to description of real performance of materials is a substantial problem in creating new high-temperature silicide materials.
Classification of Particles at Arbitrary Quantity of Generations. II. Leptons
Authors: Kulish Yu. V. 
Published: December 2023

The hypothesis on quark nature of the leptons is proposed. Leptons are compacted q3 -systems. It ensures the equality of modules for the electric charges of the proton and the electron. The classification of particles based on the U(Nf,g)×SU(3,c)×SU(4,fs)×O(3) -group is proposed at arbitrary quantity Nf of the quark generations. The U(Nf,g) -group corresponds to the quark generations, the SU(3,c) -group describes the color variables, the SU (4,fs) - group corresponds to the variables in the spin (s) and flavor (f) spaces, and the O(3) -group describes the orbital excitations of quarks. In consequence of the Pauli principle leptons consist of antiquarks from 3 different generations. Minimal quantity of leptons with definite electric charge equal 20. Excited double charged (l−−) -leptons and (l++) -antileptons with the J^p=(1/2)+ and J^p=(1/2)- are predicted, respectively. They can be resonances in e−π−, e−K−, e+π+, e+K+, μ−π−, μ−K−, μ+π+, μ+K+ -systems.
EFEKTIFITAS PENERIMAAN PAJAK RESTORAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KOTA SURABAYA TAHUN 2016-2020
Authors: Putri Verlinda Anisa , Ma'ruf Muhammad Farid 
Published: December 2023

Kota Surabaya merupakan salah satu daerah yang melaksanakan kebijakan otonomi daerah. Potensi paling besar yang dimiliki Kota Surabaya dalam membiayai belanja daerah berasal dari pajak daerah yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pendapatan asli daerah. Salah satu pajak daerah yang berpotensi meningkatkan pendapatan asli daerah adalah pajak restoran. Namun pada kenyataannya besarnya realisasi pajak restoran masih belum mendekati potensi yang seharusnya diterima dinas pendapatan. Sedangkan jika dilihat dari objek pajak potensinya jauh lebih besar. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas serta kontribusi pajak restoran terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Data yang diperoleh melalui dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis efektivitas dan analisis kontribusi. Hasil penelitian tingkat efektivitas pajak restoran Kota Surabaya pada tahun 2016-2020 menunjukkan hasil yang efektif, dengan rata-rata sebesar 98,65%. Kontribusi pajak restoran terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah cukup kecil, dengan rata-rata sebesar 8,37%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efektivitas pajak restoran cukup tinggi. Namun kontribusi pajak restoran terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah masih sangat kurang. Oleh karena itu diperlukan peran pemerintah dan pihak-pihak terkait untuk menggali kembali potensi yang cukup besar pada pajak restoran.
Kata kunci: efektivitas, pajak restoran, pendapatan asli daerah
Surabaya is one of the regions that implement regional autonomy. The City of Surabaya has the most capacity to support regional expenditures with local taxes, which should raise local income. One of the municipal taxes that has the potential to raise local revenue is the restaurant tax. In practice, however, the amount of restaurant tax collected falls short of what the revenue service should get. In comparison, the potential of the tax object is considerably bigger. Determining the effectiveness and contribution of restaurant tax to Surabaya's municipal revenue is the purpose of this study. This study will employ a descriptive quantitative methodology. Document-based sources of information Contribution and effectiveness analysis are employed in data analysis approaches. According to a study, the effectiveness of the Surabaya restaurant tax between 2016 and 2020 averaged 98.65 percent. The average contribution of restaurant taxes to the local native income is 8.37%. This study's findings demonstrate the usefulness of restaurant taxes. However, the contribution of restaurant taxes to Regional Native Income remains modest. Consequently, the government and other parties are responsible for identifying the vast taxation potential in eateries.
Keywords: effectiveness, restaurant tax, regional original income.
The role of hotel training in evaluating the performance level of employees
Authors: Yousif Noori Afaf , Muhammed Wsman Barez 
Published: December 2023

Hotel training is crucial to equipping staff with the knowledge and abilities they need to advance their performance and boost the standard of specialized hotel services، which will have positive effects on the professional، financial، and social spheres. The purpose of the study is to identify the training policies، programs، and standards used in Sulaymaniyah's four- and five-star hotels as well as the standards used to assess employee performance. It also seeks to pinpoint the major issues and roadblocks that prevent the four- and five-star hotels from implementing efficient training programs.
The research covered both theoretical and practical issues، and the descriptive analytical approach was employed. On the theoretical side، a number of books، theses، and Arabic publications that focused on hotel training were used as references. The measurement tool (the questionnaire) was created and provided to a random sample of guests in those hotels on the field side.
The validity of the hypotheses was examined using the SPSS statistical processing application and a five-point Likert scale.
The research produced a number of recommendations and conclusions، the most significant of which is that there is uncertainty in the activation and implementation of hotel training policies in the public and private sectors، and that programs tend to be generally focused on generalization rather than specialization and diagnosis، as well as the absence of hotel professional centers in the public and private sectors.
Moreover، there aren't any facilities for professional training dedicated to the growth and development of hotel staff.
The necessity to pay attention to the function of hotel training in boosting the performance level of employees in Sulaymaniyah hotels as one of the dimensions to improving the performance of hotel services in Sulaymaniyah is one of the most crucial recommendations.
The more readily available these programs are، the higher the level of performance of employees in Sulaymaniyah's hotels. This is in addition to working on the supply of appropriate training programs to increase the performance of the staff level of hotel services.
Prototipo de una aplicación informática mixta para el cultivo optimizado de viveros
Authors: Rivera Jácome Vicente Alexander , Yadaicela Toledo Anthony Yair , Rodríguez López Manuel Guillermo 
Published: December 2023

En la actualidad la implementación de sistemas informáticos, dentro del área agrícola es una actividad de suma importancia. Sin embargo, en nuestro medio geográfico y socioeconómico, la implementación de tecnología no es tan común, como en otros sectores, aun se continúan las técnicas tradicionales, los agricultores no están aprovechando las oportunidades tecnológicas de vanguardia. Esto, debido a la gran desinformación que existe en el sector rural para optimizar las actividades que realizan. Por consiguiente, la finalidad de esta investigación fue modelar una metodología que conecte los requerimientos e indicadores de desempeño del agro con el sistema informático de alto rendimiento. La información se levantó mediante encuestas, observación y revisión de trabajos previos que orientaron este estudio. El trabajo se realizó en el sector agrícola del cantón La Troncal y otras zonas rurales de la provincia del Cañar. Luego de los resultados obtenidos de las principales necesidades de este sector agrícola desarrollamos una aplicación informática mixta como prototipo. Este prototipo inicial está formado de funciones transaccionales de software integrada con sensores y dispositivos electrónicos para el control integral de los cultivos de viveros que optimice su producción
Gendered Narratives of Grief for a Fallen Soldier in a Course of the Russian Full-Scale Invasion of Ukraine as Expressed Online
Authors: Herasym Halyna 
Published: December 2023

This article explores gendered narratives of grief for fallen servicemen and women in the course of the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine after February, 24 2022. While the public image of a soldier typically represents a plethora of traditionally masculine features, the public nature of the private grief in the age of digitalization challenges this image. Moreover, a rather significant participation of women in combat roles adds to the distortion of the traditional expressions of grief in a public space. Another prominent factor is the sheer scale of invasion and the proximity of the soldiers to the civilians, which forges the bonds of micro-solidarities and changes the perception of the military. Drawing on the narrative analysis of the public expressions of grief in the social media, this text explores how the decentralization of grief granted by the social media and the changed demographical landscape among the soldiers are echoed in the process of mourning online.
This article focuses solely on the death of the soldiers of the Ukrainian Armed Forces and the volunteers who died as the result of the military action and does not touch upon the death of Russian servicemen and/or deaths of the soldiers and volunteers that occurred beyond the combat zone and military action.
Innovation Management Arabic Language Learning Based on Multimedia Audio Visual Animation Increase Learning Class VIII MTs N 4 North Padang Lawas
Authors: Siregar Nur Milan , Siregar Nidaul Hasanah 
Published: December 2023

Animated audio-visual media is a learning media that can help increase the interest in learning students of Class VIII MTs. N 4 North Padang Lawas in following the teaching and learning process in the classroom. Eliminate the saturation of student learning, especially in Arabic subjects who have only used classical learning methods such as: lecture methods. Therefore, this animation media can display audio visual animation learning in Arabic not only for entertainment alone for students. This media can also provide information about Arabic language learning and display animated videos containing Arabic learning in accordance with grade VIII student level material. Making this animaton media using the plotagon application, the creation of this animation media has been explained in chapter two and the image in in the documentatio setion. This research uses a type of qualitative research with an experimental approach and ADDIE research and development which must produce a product in learning. There are stages of research carried out as follows: 1) stages of analysis, 2) stages of design, 3) stages of development, 4) stages of implementation, 5) stages of evaluation. Research has been assessed by validators who are active in digital learning media.
Sustainable Livelihoods in Peatland of Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia: Analysis of Resource Utilization Options in Buntoi Village, Basarang Jaya Village, Sabangau Permai Village, ond Karang Sari Village
Authors: Nasir Darmae 
Published: December 2023

Peatland resources in Central Kalimantan have long been utilized by the local communities for various activities such as agriculture, gathering, hunting, and timber extraction. The successful exploitation of peatland prompted the Indonesian Government to develop the region through a transmigration program, providing new settlements for people from Java, Madura, and Bali islands who were initially have no experience cultivating peatland. Land suitability issues have resulted in surprises, stress, and a decline in livelihoods among transmigrant populations, particularly concerning the failures in agriculture, especially in cultivating rice, the primary staple food for Indonesians. This research aims to examine the sustainability of livelihoods, determine the conservation aspirations and perceptions of stakeholders, and present alternative land use scenarios. Four villages were selected as samples, including a local village (Buntoi), two migrant villages in peatlands (Basarang Jaya and Sabangau Permai), and one migrant village outside the peatland area (Karang Sari). Data were obtained through interviews and group discussions involving farmers, entrepreneurs, and government officials. The research findings indicate that agriculture on peatlands can be developed through three stages of evolution: the early period, transition and recovery period, and stability or failure period. The stability period may take a long time, up to 20 years, as experienced by farmers in Basarang Jaya. This study provides insights into the sustainability of livelihoods and land use aspirations in Central Kalimantan.
Keywords: Livelihood, peatlands, sustainable, utiliztion
Integrasi Nilai Kebhinekaan Pada Anak Usia Dini Melalui Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Di TK Dharma Wanita Wanengpaten
Authors: Dwita Dwita Dela Selvia , Al-Fahmi Sari Nadhifa , Karisma Dwi Yogi , Lestariningrum Anik 
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penulisan hasil penelitian ini akan mendeskripsikan integrasi nilai kebhinekaan yang diterapkan pada anak usia dini melalui kegiatan berbasis proyek yang bertujuan untuk menguatkan profil pelajar Pancasila. Permasalahan yang dihadapi masih ada miskonsopsi pemahaman kegiatan proyek bukan mengajarkan anak-anak tentang nilai-nilai penguatan Pancasila lebih banyak pada hasil berupa produk yang bisa ditunjukan. Menaggapi permasalahan tersebut bagi penulis sangatlah penting ketika fase perkembangan fondasi anak usia dini diajarkan tentang nilai-nilai yang mendasar dalam memahami dan menghargai perbedaan, keragaman budaya sebagai bagian penjabaran nilai Pancasila dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Desain penelitian yang dipilih adalah kualitatif dengan pengambilan data menggunakan teknik observasi langsung, dan dokumentasi hasil kegiatan pembelajaran proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriftif kualitatif dengan mengolah data secara kajian teoritis dan empiris berdasarkan hasil observasi langsung kemudian disimpulkan dan dideskripsikan secara narasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kegiatan anak usia dini dalam proyek berorientasi proses terutama pembiasaan kegiatan membuat anak mengenal nilai kebinekhaan tanpa harus dijelaskan secara sulit tetapi praktik langsung. Rekomendasi yang diberikan dari hasil penelitian ini semoga menjadi inspirasi bagi pendidik, orang tua, dan pihak terkait dalam mengembangkan program pendidikan yang mendorong kebhinekaan sejak dini, agar generasi penerus bangsa dapat tumbuh sebagai individu yang menghargai keberagaman budaya, membangun hubungan yang harmonis, dan memperkuat persatuan dalam masyarakat yang multikultural.
Makkammisi Versus Majjuma’ studi pendidikan agama Islam atas masyarakat Bugis Desa Bana Kec. Bontocani Kab. Bone.
Authors: Marhama Marhama , Ridhwan Ridhwan , Fatimah Fatimah 
Published: December 2023

Artikel ini membahas terkait Makkammisi Versus Majjuma’ studi pendidikan agama Islam atas masyarakat Bugis Desa Bana Kec. Bontocani Kab. Bone. penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan historis, sosiologis, psikologis serta pedagogik dalam mengkaji asal mula kegiatan Makkammisi juga melihat bagaimana perkembangan serta kontribusi kegiatan Makkamisi dan Majjuma’ pada pendidikan agama Islam masyarakat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Makkammisi dan Majjuma’ adalah sama-sama wadah bagi masyarakat Bugis dalam mendapatkan ilmu agama Islam, tentunya mempunyai hukum yang berbeda yaitu Majjuma’ atau salat Jum’at di wajibkan kepada seluruh kaum Muslim dan diperintahkan langsung oleh Allah melalui al-Qur’an. Sedangkan Makkammisi atau pengajian yang dikhususkan oleh perempuan merupakan wadah yang dikembangkan oleh ulama terdahulu yang sebenarnya sudah ada sejak zaman Nabi. Dimana kajian untuk perempuan diminta langsung oleh kaum perempuan kepada Nabi sebagaimana laki-laki yang mendapatkan ilmu pengetahuan dan bebas dalam bertemu Nabi saw. Maka Nabi memberikan satu hari khusus untuk perempuan. Maka itulah rujukan bahwa perempuan juga diberikan ruang untuk menuntut ilmu sejak masa nabi saw.Makkammisi yang sampai saat ini masih dilaksanakan oleh masayarakat Bugis Desa Bana, Kec. Bontocani, Kabupaten Bone patut dipertahankan dan diberikan apresiasi karena kegiatan Makkammisi ini tanpa di sadari sudah ada sejak zaman nabi dan dinyatakan dalam hadis nabi saw. penelitian ini penting untuk dikaji sebagaiamana perekembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan juga harus melirik wadah pendidikan agama Islam yang sudah lama agar tidak tenggelam.
Toxic Masculinity and Compulsive Heteronormativity in Konkona Sen’s Movie, A Death in the Gunj
Authors: Ranjitkar Palistha 
Published: December 2023

Gender is one of the most contested subjects in literature. Some prominent scholars like Judith Butler have argued that gender is not innate, but performative. For instance, masculinity is a construct which is always believed to resonate with a compulsive heteronormativity. The fact that men have to behave like an actual “macho; the giver ; the doer completely contrasting feminine virtues such as the emotional , passive and the receiver is prescriptive of the ways through which heteronormativity has become naturalized since the beginning of the civilization. This paper looks into the subtle details about the rooted construct of heteronormativity resembled in the movie “A death in the Gunj’(2016) . Here the protagonist Shutu faces spiritual conflict between his naturally innate virtues like kindness, sensitivity, introversion which goes quite contrary to the compartmentalized masculine virtues such as assertiveness, bravery, manhood and a pressure to maintain a proper “macho” personality. This research looks into the prominent crisis of masculinity and gender performativity that the world faces today. Is it only essential to venerate the so called masculine virtues like dominance and assertiveness? If yes , what about kindness, sensitivity and the capacity to feel emotions that are so much sidelined as feminine virtues? What is the position of man in the modern society? The movie “ A death in Gunj “ paradoxically opens up these hard questions through the characterization of Shuttu who remains unloved and forsaken and drives himself towards the annals of self-destruction and suicide for the reason that he finds himself very vaguely suited to fit into the societal constructs of what makes a proper “man’. This research employs Judith Butler’s concept of gender performativity to look into all these prominent gender questions. It also employs Lacan’s construct of symbolic order where language is a source of both alienation and subjectivity considering the fact that while language structures our understanding of self and reality, it alienates from the self that stemmed from the imaginary order from our authentic selves.
गणतन्त्रोत्तर नेपाली कवितामा लैङ्गिक प्रतिरोध
Authors: काफ्ले तारादेवी 
Published: December 2023

गणतन्त्रोत्तर नेपाली कविता (२०६२\६३–२०७७) मा समेटिएका विभिन्न विषयमध्ये लैङ्गिक प्रतिरोध एउटा अध्ययनीय विषय रहेको छ । यस समयमा नेपाली समाजमा आएको सामाजिक–सांस्कृतिक परिवर्तनले नारीचेतनाको विकासमा ठुलो प्रभाव पारेको छ । तसर्थ यस समयका कवितामा उत्पीडनकारी पितृसत्ताले उत्पीडित महिलामाथि गर्ने लैङ्गिक उत्पीडनविरुद्धको प्रतिरोधलाई केकसरी व्यक्त गरिएको छ भन्ने प्राज्ञिक जिज्ञासाको समाधान खोज्ने प्रयास यस शोधलेखमा गरिएको छ । यस शोधलेखका लागि आवश्यक प्राथमिक तथा द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्रीहरू पुस्तकालयीय कार्यबाट सब्कलन गरिएका छन् । लैङ्गिक प्रतिरोधसम्बन्धी यस शोधपरक लेखमा गायत्री चक्रवर्ती स्पिभाकको सबाल्टर्न आवाज र मिचेल फुकोको प्रतिरोध सम्बन्धी मान्यतालाई आधार बनाई तर्क तथा विश्लेषण विधिको उपयोग गरिएको छ । अध्ययनका क्रममा पितृसत्ताले महिलामाथि गरेका सामाजिक–सांस्कृतिक, जातीय तथा यौनिक उत्पीडनविरुद्धको प्रतिरोधलाई गणतन्त्रोत्तर नेपाली कवितामा सशक्त ढंगमा व्यक्त गरिएको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।