bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual effects of macrophage inflammatory protein-1α on osteolysis and tumor burden in the murine 5TGM1 model of myeloma bone disease
Authors: Oyajobi Babatunde O. , Franchin Giovanni , Williams Paul J. , Pulkrabek Donna , Gupta Anjana , Munoz Steve , Grubbs Barry , Zhao Ming , Chen Di , Sherry Barbara , Mundy Gregory R. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractRecent data have implicated macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) in multiple myeloma (MM)-associated osteolysis. However, it is unclear whether the chemokine's effects are direct, to enhance osteolysis, or indirect and mediated through a reduction in tumor burden, or both. It is also unclear whether MIP-1α requires other factors such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) for its effects on bone. In murine 5TGM1 (Radl) myeloma-bearing mice, administration of neutralizing anti-MIP-1α antibodies reduced tumor load assessed by monoclonal paraprotein titers, prevented splenomegaly, limited development of osteolytic lesions, and concomitantly reduced tumor growth in bone. To determine the effects of MIP-1α on bone in vivo, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells secreting human MIP-1α (CHO/MIP-1α) were inoculated into athymic mice. Mice bearing intramuscular CHO/MIP-1α tumors developed lytic lesions at distant skeletal sites, which occurred earlier and were larger than those in mice with CHO/empty vector (EV) tumors. When experimental metastases were induced via intracardiac inoculation, mice bearing CHO/MIP-1α tumors developed hypercalcemia and significantly more osteolytic lesions than mice bearing CHO/EV tumors, with intramedullary CHO/MIP-1α tumors associated with significantly more tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP+) osteoclasts. Injection of recombinant MIP-1α over calvariae of normal mice evoked a striking increase in osteoclast formation, an effect dependent on RANK/RANKL signaling because MIP-1α had no effect in RANK-/- mice. Together, these results establish that MIP-1α is sufficient to induce MM-like destructive lesions in bone in vivo. Because, in the 5TGM1 model, blockade of osteoclastic resorption in other situations does not decrease tumor burden, we conclude that MIP-1α exerts a dual effect in myeloma, on osteoclasts, and tumor cells. (Blood. 2003;102:311-319)
Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of orally administered recombinant Lactococcus lactis expressing surface-bound HIV Env
Authors: Xin Ke-Qin , Hoshino Yuka , Toda Yoshihiko , Igimi Shizunobu , Kojima Yoshitsugu , Jounai Nao , Ohba Kenji , Kushiro Akira , Kiwaki Mayumi , Hamajima Kenji , Klinman Dennis , Okuda Kenji 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis study investigates whether genetically modified orally administered Lactococcus lactis (L lactis) could be used as an HIV vaccine. L lactis is immunogenic and extremely safe when delivered orally. We created a recombinant L lactis vector expressing the envelope protein of HIV on its cell surface. Oral immunization with this vector induced high levels of HIV-specific serum IgG and fecal IgA antibodies. Cell-mediated immune responses also were generated in both the regional lymph nodes and the spleen. Dendritic cells are readily infected by L lactis and appear to play a potential role in mediating the development of these immune responses. The protective efficacy of this vaccine strategy was demonstrated by challenging mice intraperitoneally with an HIV Env–expressing vaccinia virus. Their viral loads were 350-fold lower than those of control mice. These findings support the further development of L lactis–based HIV vaccines. (Blood. 2003; 102:223-228)
Inhibition of Spontaneous and Androgen-Induced Prostate Growth by a Nonhypercalcemic Calcitriol Analog
Authors: Crescioli C. , Ferruzzi P. , Caporali A. , Mancina R. , Comerci A. , Muratori M. , Scaltriti M. , Vannelli G. B. , Smiroldo S. , Mariani R. , Villari D. , Bettuzzi S. , Serio M. , Adorini L. , Maggi M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe have recently found that analog V (BXL-353, a calcitriol analog) inhibits growth factor (GF)-stimulated human benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) cell proliferation by disrupting signal transduction, reducing Bcl-2 expression, and inducing apoptosis. We now report that BXL-353 blocks in vitro and in vivo testosterone (T) activity. BPH cells responded to T and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) with dose-dependent growth and reduced apoptosis. Exposure of BPH cells to BXL-353 significantly antagonized both T- and DHT-induced proliferation and induced apoptosis, even in the presence of T. To verify whether BXL-353 reduced prostate growth in vivo, we administered it orally to either intact or castrated rats, supplemented with T enanthate. Nonhypercalcemic doses of BXL-353 time- and dose-dependently reduced the androgen effect on ventral prostate weight, similarly to finasteride. Comparable results were obtained after chronic administration of BXL-353 to intact rats. Clusterin (an atrophy marker) gene and protein were up-regulated by BXL-353 in rat prostate, and nuclear fragmentation was widely present. The antiandrogenic properties of BXL-353 did not interfere with pituitary and testis function, as assessed by serum determination of rat LH and T. BXL-353 did not compete for androgen binding to BPH homogenates and failed to inhibit 5α-reductase type 1 and type 2 activities. In conclusion, BXL-353 blocks in vitro and in vivo androgen-stimulated prostate cell growth, probably acting downstream from the androgen receptor, without affecting calcemia or sex hormone secretion. BXL-353 and other vitamin D3 analogs might thus represent an interesting class of compounds for treating patients with BPH.
A Facile Method for Preparation of Optically Active Hydantoin
Authors: Yamaguchi Jun-ichi , Harada Masakazu , Kondo Takahito , Noda Takeshi , Suyama Takayuki 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Treatment of N-(4-nitrophenoxycarbonyl)amino acid amide, which was prepared from amino acid amide and 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate, under weakly basic conditions proceeded to afford the corresponding hydantoin. A direct conversion of amino acid amide into hydantoin without isolation of N-(4-nitophenoxycarbonyl)amino acid amide was also accomplished.
Regulation of Main-Chain Conformation of Permethyldecasilane by Complexation with γ-Cyclodextrin
Authors: Sakamoto Kenkichi , Naruoka Takehiko , Kira Mitsuo 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
An absorption and emission spectroscopic study of an inclusion complex of permethyldecasilane (1) with γ-cyclodextrin in water has shown that the silicon main chain of 1 has an all-trans rod-like conformation in the hydrophobic cavities of γ-cyclodextrin at room temperature.
Controller falsification based on multiple models
Authors: Agnoloni Tommaso , Mosca Edoardo 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe paper addresses the controller falsification problem in feedback‐control systems where the plant dynamics are uncertain and possibly time‐varying. The adopted approach considers a statistic (or residual) in the form of a ratio of closed‐loop variables. The test hinges upon a small‐gain stability lemma which ensures that, under divergence, the statistic certainly exceeds a precomputable bound. Use of multiple models appropriately distributed over the uncertainty region of the plant dynamics allows one to generate a multi‐statistic such that the denser the model distribution the larger the value taken on by the mentioned bounds. This allows one to arbitrarily widen the gap between the level that the statistic is guaranteed to stay below at stability and the one that will exceed at divergence, thus removing limitations on the applicability of the test based on a single model. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated post‐transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder simultaneously affecting both B and T cells after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Chuhjo Tatsuya , Yachie Akihiro , Kanegane Hirokazu , Kimura Hiroshi , Shiobara Shintaro , Nakao Shinji 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPost‐transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is usually an aberrant proliferation of EBV‐infected B cells. We report the case of a 31‐year‐old man with severe aplastic anemia who suffered PTLD 42 days post‐BMT from an unrelated donor. At the onset of PTLD, peripheral blood lymphocytes were comprised of 40% CD20+ cells, 3% CD4+ cells, and 56% CD8+ cells. A highly sensitive in situ hybridization (ISH) method was used to detect EBV‐encoded small non‐polyadenylated RNA 1 (EBER‐1) in 33.9% of sorted CD20+ cells, 4.4% of CD4+ cells, and 1.4% of CD8+ cells. Each T‐cell fraction contained less than 0.034% of contaminated EBV‐infected B cells. Clonal proliferation of both B and T cells was demonstrated by Southern blotting. The patient did not respond to donor leukocyte infusion and died due to deterioration of PTLD. At autopsy, examination of multiple organs revealed B‐cell (rather than T‐cell) infiltration. This case clearly indicates that EBV can simultaneously infect B and T cells and can induce clonal proliferation of both lymphocyte subsets in severely immunocompromised patients. Am. J. Hematol. 72:255–258, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elevated serum concentration of hepatocyte growth factor in patients with multiple myeloma: Correlation with markers of disease activity
Authors: Alexandrakis M.G. , Passam F.H. , Sfiridaki A. , Kandidaki E. , Roussou P. , Kyriakou D.S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractHepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to be involved in angiogenesis, epithelial cell proliferation, and osteoclast activation. HGF and its receptor are expressed on myeloma cell lines and could be involved in the pathogenesis of bone destruction in multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this study was to examine serum levels of HGF in untreated MM patients and its correlation with bone turnover indices and markers of disease activity. Forty‐seven newly diagnosed MM patients and 25 controls were included: 12 patients were of stage I, 13 of stage II, and 22 of stage III (Durie–Salmon classification). Bone lesions were scored from 0 to 3, according to X‐ray findings. Serum osteocalcin (OC), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), TNF‐α, β2‐microglobulin (β2M), CRP, calcium, and 24‐hr urine N‐telopeptide cross‐links of collagen breakdown (NTx) were determined. HGF levels were significantly higher at stage III compared to stages II and I (medians: 1,990.4 vs. 1,743.8 and 1,432.4 pg/mL, respectively, P < 0.05). Similarly, NTx, IL‐6, TNF‐α, CRP, β2M, and calcium increased significantly with advancing stage (P < 0.01). OC was higher at stage I in comparison to stages II and III (P < 0.01). All parameters were significantly higher in patients than controls. HGF showed a strong correlation with IL‐6 and TNF‐α and less with β2M, CRP, NTx, and OC. We conclude that serum HGF levels are increased in advanced stages of MM disease and extended bone lesions. HGF correlates with IL‐6 and TNF‐α, which are cytokines involved in osteoclast stimulation in MM. However, an independent association of HGF with bone turnover markers was not shown in this study, thus its role in MM bone disease needs to be further clarified. Am. J. Hematol. 72:229–233, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phenotypic spectrum associated with mutations in the fukutin‐related protein gene
Authors: Mercuri Eugenio , Brockington Martin , Straub Volker , Quijano‐Roy Susana , Yuva Yeliz , Herrmann Ralf , Brown Susan C. , Torelli Silvia , Dubowitz Victor , Blake Derek J. , Romero Norma B. , Estournet Brigitte , Sewry Caroline A. , Guicheney Pascale , Voit Thomas , Muntoni Francesco 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe describe 22 patients with mutations in the fukutin‐related protein (FKPR) gene. Four patients had congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1C), with presentation at birth, severe weakness and inability to stand unsupported. The other 18 had limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD2I). Eleven showed a Duchenne‐like course with loss of ambulation in the early teens while 7 had a milder phenotype. Muscle biopsy invariably showed abnormal expression of a‐dystroglycan. MDC1C patients either carried 2 missense or 1 missense and 1 nonsense mutations. Patients with LGMD2I shared a common mutation (C826A,Leu276Ileu) and their phenotypic severity was correlated with the second allelic mutation. Ann Neurol 2003;53:537–542
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of {2‐[2‐(N, N‐disubstituted thiocarbamoyl‐sulfanyl)‐acylamino] thiazol‐4‐yl}acetic Acid Ethyl Esters
Authors: Ateş Öznur , Gürsoy Aysel , Altıntaş Handan , Ötük Gülten , Birteksöz Seher 
Published: March 2003

Abstract{2‐[2‐(N, N‐Disubstituted thiocarbamoyl‐sulfanyl)acylamino ]thiazol‐4‐yl}acetic acid ethyl esters (3a—x) were synthesized by the reaction of potassium salts of N, N‐disubstituted dithiocarbamoic acids with [2‐(2‐chloroalkanoyl)amino‐thiazol‐4‐yl]acetic acid ethyl esters. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, UV, IR, 1H‐NMR, and EI mass spectral data. The antimicrobial activities of all the compounds were investigated by microbroth dilution technique using Mueller‐Hinton broth and Mueller‐Hinton agar. In this study, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT CC 1539, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 14153 and Candida albicans ATCC10231 were used as test microorganisms. Among the tested compounds 3a, d, e, f, h, k, w activity against S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 (MIC: 156 mg/L, 78 mg/L, 62.5 mg/L, 78 mg/L, 62.5 mg/L, 312 mg/L, 250 mg/L, respectively), compound 3d had some activity against S. aureus ATCC 6538 (MIC: 156 mg/L) and C. albicans ATCC 10231(MIC: 156 mg/L). Compounds 3l, 3x also evaluated for antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using the BACTEC 460 radiometric system and BACTEC 12B medium. The preliminary results indicated that all of the tested compounds were inactive against the test organism.
Brain Delivery of HIV Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Sheha Mahmoud M. , El‐Koussi Nawal A. , Farag Hassan H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTo overcome the problems of peptidomimetic drug delivery to the specific organs, the use of dihydropyridine ↔ pyridinium chemical delivery systems to deliver peptides to the brain is considered in this work. An HIV protease inhibitor lead compound; KNI 279 was selected for the study. The N‐alkylated dihydroisoquinoline derivatives of KNI‐279 were synthesized and tested for their ability to be oxidized by brain homogenate and showed good results with reasonable half‐life times specially for the N‐alkoxycarbonyl‐methyl derivative 8. The in‐vivo distribution of compound 8 proved the brain delivery and locked in property of HIV PR inhibitors in the brain. All the prepared compounds (both quaternary and dihydro derivatives) showed between 51 and 86 % HIV PR inhibitory activity compared to the parent compound.
Synthesis of 5‐Substituted 2‐Methylbenzimidazoles with Anticancer Activity
Authors: El‐Naem Sh. I. , El‐Nzhawy A. O. , El‐Diwani H. I. , Abdel Hamid A. O. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA series of compounds comprising the thiocarboximidopyrazolyl 5, the phenylpyrazolyl 6, the dimethylpyrazolyl 7, the nitrophenylpyrazolyl 8, the dimethyloxazolyl 9, the benzoxazepinyl 10, and pyrimidyl 11 a—c derivatives of 3‐(2‐methyl‐1H‐benzimidazol‐5‐ylazo)pentane‐2, 4‐dione was synthesized. Moreover, 5‐amino‐2‐methylbenzimidazole (3) was reacted with phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride in acetic acid or in toluene to produce 12—15. Treating 5, 6‐diamino‐2‐methylbenzimidazole (16) with ethyl cyanoacetate or diethyl malonate or acetyl acetone leads to the formation of the benzodiazepine derivatives 17—20. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds 2, 7, 9, 10, and 11 was tested against 60 types of human cancer cell lines. Compounds 7 and 9 were found to be the most potent.
A mand analysis and levels treatment in an outpatient clinic
Authors: O'Connor Julia T. , Sorensen‐Burnworth Rena J. , Rush Karena S. , Eidman Shannon L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn adolescent with severe mental retardation and fragile X syndrome who displayed destructive behavior maintained by positive reinforcement in the form of adult compliance with mands was assessed and treated in an outpatient setting. A levels system treatment was assessed, consisting of a continuum of attention and reinforcement ranging from access to the functional reinforcer in level 3 contingent upon appropriate behavior to a 10 min room time‐out for level 1 contingent upon aggressive and dangerous behavior. While the efficacy of this treatment has been demonstrated in an inpatient setting (Hagopian et al., 2002), this application extended the findings to outpatient and community settings. The levels system treatment resulted in a 98.1% reduction in destructive behavior from baseline levels. Treatment was successfully transferred to the home and school and reductions were maintained at 6 and 9 months. Treatment acceptability ratings were high across both home and school staff. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparison of stimulus preference assessment methods in adults with schizophrenia
Authors: Wilder David A. , Ellsworth Carrie , White Holly , Schock Keven 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThree methods of assessing preference for stimuli were compared in four adults with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. During phase 1, a survey method, a verbal stimulus choice method, and a pictorial stimulus choice method of assessing preference for four categories of stimuli were administered. During phase 2, a coupon system was used to determine which categories of stimuli actually functioned as reinforcers for each participant. Comparisons between the three preference assessment methods were then conducted based on the results of the reinforcer assessment. Results showed that, overall, there were few differences in total accuracy among the preference assessment procedures. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combining descriptive and functional analyses to assess and treat screaming
Authors: Tracey Galiatsatos G. , Graff Richard B. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis study systematically examined the functional relation between screaming and environmental events in a 13‐year‐old boy diagnosed with autism and PDD‐NOS. A functional analysis of screaming was conducted in study 1, with six conditions (attention, demand, play, alone, tangible—toy, and tangible—edible). Highest rates of screaming were observed during the tangible—toy and tangible—edible conditions. The analog assessment was followed by a descriptive assessment, which revealed the participant was most likely to scream when teacher attention was diverted to other students. Additionally, items found to maintain screaming during the analog assessment were never delivered contingent upon screaming in the participant's natural environment. The results of the descriptive assessment suggested that the analog assessment might have produced a false‐positive outcome. A treatment based upon the results of the combined assessments led to a 50% reduction in screaming within four weeks. Two‐year follow‐up data indicated that screaming occurred at near‐zero rates. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Total synthesis of (+)‐macrosphelides a, c, e, f, and g based on enzymatic function
Authors: Akita Hiroyuki , Nakamura Hiroshi , Ono Machiko 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe total synthesis of (+)‐macrosphelide A (1) (18.5% overall yield in 11 steps), (+)‐macrosphelide C (2) (25% overall yield in 9 steps), (+)‐macrosphelide E (3) (23.9% overall yield in 11 steps), (+)‐macrosphelide F (4) (20% overall yield in 9 steps), and (+)‐macrosphelide G (5) (22% overall yield in 9 steps) was achieved from a chemoenzymatic reaction product (4R,5S)‐4‐benzyloxy‐5‐hydroxy‐2(E)‐hexenoate 10. Chirality 15:352–359, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Circular dichroism and the interactions of water soluble porphyrins with DNA—A minireview
Authors: Pasternack Robert F. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe size, sign, and profile of induced circular dichroism (CD) features in the Soret region are reliable indicators of the binding modes of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins to DNA. Porphyrins shown (using such CD criteria) to be intercalators in monodispersed DNA duplexes prove extremely useful for the detection and characterization of organized, condensed forms of nucleic acids (ψ‐condensates). In addition, certain select porphyrin derivatives can form extended assemblies on nonaggregated DNA templates. A combination of CD and resonance light scattering (RLS) measurements allows for sensitive detection and characterization of these porphyrin arrays. Chirality 15:329–332, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Probenecid‐induced changes in the clearance of pranoprofen enantiomers
Authors: Imai Teruko , Nomura Tadayuki , Otagiri Masaki 
Published: March 2003

AbstractProbenecid is known to inhibit the elimination of several acidic drugs. Its influence on the pharmacokinetics of pranoprofen was investigated in rabbit after a single intravenous injection of racemic mixture (5 mg/kg). Levels of (–)‐(R)‐ and (+)‐(S)‐pranoprofen and their glucuronide (after hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide) were determined in plasma, urine, and several tissues. The plasma concentration of the (+)‐(S)‐isomer was higher than that of the (–)‐(R)‐form. Oral coadministered probenecid (100 mg/kg) resulted in an increased plasma concentration of both enantiomers. Probenecid reduced the apparent total clearance and excretion of pranoprofen enantiomers in urine. It had a slight effect on the tissue distribution of pranoprofen at the dose used, but significantly reduced the formation of glucuronide for both enantiomers to the same extent in kidney microsomes. The differences caused by probenecid were significant with respect to its ability to inhibit glucuronidation in the kidney and subsequent excretion into urine, but enantioselective effects were negligible. Chirality 15:318–323, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
"Molecular chirality and the fundamental symmetries of physics: Influence of parity violation on rovibrational frequencies and thermodynamic properties," Chirality (2001) 13(10) 745–753
Authors: Quack Martin , Stohner Jürgen 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Chirality (2001) 13(10) 745–753
Heterodimetallic Chalcogen‐Bridged Cubane‐Type Clusters of Molybdenum and Tungsten Containing First‐Row Transition Metals
Authors: Llusar Rosa , Uriel Santiago 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTransition metal cluster chalcogenides with cubane‐type structures are relevant to our understanding of several industrial and biological catalytic processes. Recent advances in cluster chemistry owe much to the development of rational synthetic approaches, an aspect that is emphasised in this review which focuses on cuboidal clusters of molybdenum and tungsten (M) with M2M′2S4 and M3M′Q4 (Q = S, Se) central units that incorporate a first‐row transition metal atom (M′). Special attention has been paid to the non‐aqueous chemistry of these compounds. The structural features of these complexes are discussed in relation to their electronic structures within the framework of molecular orbital theory, spectroscopic, magnetic and electrochemical experimental data. Finally, the importance of these clusters in catalysis, nonlinear optics and in the formation of supramolecular adducts is discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)