bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of health‐related quality of life in chronic intestinal failure and end‐stage kidney disease: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Eliasson Johanna , Antonsen Louise B. , Molsted Stig , Liem Ylian S. , Eidemak Inge , Sille Larsen , Sjøgren Per , Kurita Geana P. , Jeppesen Palle B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is inequal access to treatment and scarce evidence on how the disease burden in chronic intestinal failure (CIF) compares to other chronic nonmalignant types of organ failure. Therefore, we compared the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of people with CIF with that of people with end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) receiving hemodialysis (HD). These groups were selected for comparison as they have similar treatment characteristics. We hypothesized that people treated with HD and people with CIF had similarly poor HRQOL.MethodsHRQOL was evaluated and compared in a cross‐sectional study of adult people with CIF and people with ESKD HD at a tertiary hospital in Denmark, using the Short‐Form 36 (SF‐36).ResultsOne hundred forty‐one people with CIF and 131 people with ESKD receiving HD were included in the analysis. Both groups reported low scores (<50) for HRQOL on general health, vitality, and role limitation—physical. People with ESKD receiving HD had significantly lower scores than people with CIF regarding physical functioning, general health, and vitality when adjusted for sex and age. No significant difference was found for any other SF‐36 domain.ConclusionHRQOL was similarly and significantly reduced in people with CIF and in people with ESKD receiving HD. People with ESKD receiving HD had significantly poorer HRQOL than people with CIF in some aspects of physical and mental health. Access to home parenteral support treatment varies among countries that typically provide HD, suggesting an inequality in healthcare based on the type of organ failure.
Feasibility of gold nanocones for collocated tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscope imaging
Authors: McCourt Luke R. , Routley Ben S. , Ruppert Michael G. , Fleming Andrew J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicrocantilever probes for tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) have a grainy metal coating that may exhibit multiple plasmon hotspots near the tip apex, which may compromise spatial resolution and introduce imaging artefacts. It is also possible that the optical hotspot may not occur at the mechanical apex, which introduces an offset between TERS and atomic force microscope maps. In this article, a gold nanocone TERS probe is designed and fabricated for 638 nm excitation. The imaging performance is compared to grainy probes by analysing high‐resolution TERS cross‐sections of single‐walled carbon nanotubes. Compared to the tested conventional TERS probes, the nanocone probe exhibited a narrow spot diameter, comparable optical contrast, artefact‐free images, and collocation of TERS and atomic force microscope topographic maps. The 1/ spot diameter was 12.5 nm and 19 nm with 638 nm and 785 nm excitation, respectively. These results were acquired using a single gold nanocone probe to experimentally confirm feasibility. Future work will include automating the fabrication process and statistical analysis of many probes.
Combining adhesive and nonadhesive injectable hydrogels for intervertebral disc repair in an ovine discectomy model
Authors: Panebianco Christopher J. , Constant Caroline , Vernengo Andrea J. , Nehrbass Dirk , Gehweiler Dominic , DiStefano Tyler J. , Martin Jesse , Alpert David J. , Chaudhary Saad B. , Hecht Andrew C. , Seifert Alan C. , Nicoll Steven B. , Grad Sibylle , Zeiter Stephan , Iatridis James C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntervertebral disc (IVD) disorders (e.g., herniation) directly contribute to back pain, which is a leading cause of global disability. Next‐generation treatments for IVD herniation need advanced preclinical testing to evaluate their ability to repair large defects, prevent reherniation, and limit progressive degeneration. This study tested whether experimental, injectable, and nonbioactive biomaterials could slow IVD degeneration in an ovine discectomy model.MethodsTen skeletally mature sheep (4–5.5 years) experienced partial discectomy injury with cruciate‐style annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and 0.1 g nucleus pulposus (NP) removal in the L1–L2, L2–L3, and L3–L4 lumbar IVDs. L4–L5 IVDs were Intact controls. IVD injury levels received: (1) no treatment (Injury), (2) poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), (3) genipin‐crosslinked fibrin (FibGen), (4) carboxymethylcellulose–methylcellulose (C‐MC), or (5) C‐MC and FibGen (FibGen + C‐MC). Animals healed for 12 weeks, then IVDs were assessed using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and histopathology.ResultsAll repaired IVDs retained ~90% of their preoperative disc height and showed minor degenerative changes by Pfirrmann grading. All repairs had similar disc height loss and Pfirrmann grade as Injury IVDs. Adhesive AF sealants (i.e., PEGDA and FibGen) did not herniate, although repair caused local endplate (EP) changes and inflammation. NP repair biomaterials (i.e., C‐MC) and combination repair (i.e., FibGen + C‐MC) exhibited lower levels of degeneration, less EP damage, and less severe inflammation; however, C‐MC showed signs of herniation via biomaterial expulsion.ConclusionsAll repair IVDs were noninferior to Injury IVDs by IVD height loss and Pfirrmann grade. C‐MC and FibGen + C‐MC IVDs had the best outcomes, and may be appropriate for enhancement with bioactive factors (e.g., cells, growth factors, and miRNAs). Such bioactive factors appear to be necessary to prevent injury‐induced IVD degeneration. Application of AF sealants alone (i.e., PEGDA and FibGen) resulted in EP damage and inflammation, particularly for PEGDA IVDs, suggesting further material refinements are needed.
Crucial role of rare taxa in preserving bacterial community stability
Authors: Ma Li , Niu Wenquan , Li Guochun , Du Yadan , Sun Jun , Zhang Qian , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStable bacterial communities are essential for maintaining soil functions. However, the role of abundant and rare bacterial taxa in maintaining bacterial community stability remains controversial. To explore the relationship between abundant and rare taxa and bacterial community stability, we used high‐throughput sequencing technology and molecular ecological networks to characterize the distribution of abundant and rare bacterial taxa under different nitrogen (N) fertilization rates (0, 150, 200, and 250 kg N hm−2). Our findings revealed that rare taxa had much higher Simpson's diversity index values than abundant taxa. Moreover, rare taxa Simpson's diversity decreased with increasing N application, while bacterial community differences (Bray–Curtis distance dissimilarity) increased (i.e., bacterial community stability decreased with increasing N application). The network topology showed that rare sub‐communities had higher modularity and a greater proportion of positive links than abundant taxa. The rare bacterial Simpson's diversity was significantly and negatively correlated with bacterial community differences, no correlation occurred between abundant bacterial Simpson's diversity and bacterial community differences. This study underscores the importance of rare species in maintaining bacterial community stability. Consequently, when optimizing agricultural management practices to ensure the stability of bacterial communities and soil functions, it is crucial not only to concentrate consider the roles of abundant species involved in nutrient cycling but also to give greater consideration to the role of rare taxa.
Analysis of lithotripsy efficiency and stone retropulsion displacement according to pulse characteristics of Ho: YAG laser with Moses effect
Authors: Kim Kanghae , Seo Young‐Seok , Chung Phil‐Sang , Eom Joo Beom 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCompared to the conventional Ho: YAG laser, a Ho: YAG laser device has been reported that has a Moses effect to reduce stone retropulsion and increase lithotripsy efficiency. The principle of this equipment is to convert a single laser pulse into two pulses. Most studies on such lasers are limited to lithotripsy efficiency and the prevention of stone retropulsion; studies according to each pulse condition have not been performed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify the bubble shape, lithotripsy efficiency, and stone retropulsion displacement in a ureteral phantom according to the modulation of the first pulse characteristics of the Moses effect laser under conditions that maintained the total energy and repetition rate.Material and MethodsIn this study, a Ho: YAG laser system (Holinwon Pro, Wontech Inc., Korea) with an emission wavelength of 2.10 μm and a Moses effect was used. To verify the Moses effect based on the changes in the pulse, a water tank was fabricated, and the ureteral phantom was manufactured in a structure that could be easily installed in the water tank. Additionally, a spherical artificial stone in the ureteral phantom was prepared by mixing calcined gypsum (Cacinated Gypsum) and water at a ratio of 3:1. In the ureteral phantom, a high‐speed camera (FASTCAM NOVA S12, Photron Inc.) and visible light were used to record pulse‐dependent image analysis of bubbles and stone retropulsion.ResultAfter mounting the artificial stone in the ureteral phantom, the pulse duration and energy of the first pulse of the Moses effect laser were varied; 30 laser shots for 3 s at a repetition rate of 10 Hz were applied to quantify the lithotripsy efficiency and stone retropulsion displacement, and the experimental values were compared. The fragmentation efficiency was confirmed by measuring the mass before and after the laser pulse application, the original position of the stone retropulsion displacement, and the distance moved. The minimum value of stone retropulsion displacement appeared when the pulse duration of the first pulse was 300 μs, the pulse energy was 100 mJ, and the value was approximately 0.28 mm. The highest fragmentation efficiency was observed under the same conditions, and the mass loss of the artificial stone at that time was approximately 3.7 mg.ConclusionQuantitative indices, such as lithotripsy efficiency and stone retropulsion displacement, were confirmed using ultrahigh‐speed cameras to determine the effect of the first pulse energy and duration of the Ho: YAG laser with the Moses effect on stone removal. It was confirmed that the longer the duration of the primary pulse and the lower the energy, the higher the fragmentation efficiency. In this study, the possibility of manufacturing a laser with an optimal stone‐removal effect was confirmed according to the first‐pulse condition of the laser with the Moses effect.
Genetic screening of 15 hearing loss variants in 77,647 neonates with clinical follow‐up
Authors: Kun Lin , Jiexiang Huang , Hua Lin , Junlin Han , Yijun Ruan , Lixian Zhang , Mingqiao Chen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo analyze the genotype distribution and frequency of hearing loss genes in newborn population and evaluate the clinical value of genetic screening policy in China.MethodsGenetic screening for hearing loss was offered to 84,029 neonates between March 2019 and December 2021, of whom 77,647 newborns accepted the screening program with one‐year follow‐up. The genotyping of 15 hot spot variants in GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, and MT‐RNR1 was performed on microarray platform.ResultsA total of 3.05% (2369/77,647) newborns carried at least one genetic hearing loss‐associated variant, indicated for early preventive management. The carrier frequency of GJB2 gene was the highest, at 1.48% (1147/77,647), followed by SLC26A4 gene at 1.07% (831/77,647), and GJB3 gene at 0.23% (181/77,647). GJB2 c.235delC variant and SLC26A4 IVS7‐2A>G variant were the most common allelic variants with allele frequency of 0.6304% (979/155,294) and 0.3992% (620/155,294), respectively. 10 children are identified as homozygous or compound heterozygous for pathogenic variants (4 in GJB2, 6 in SLC26A4), and 7 of these infants had passed the hearing screening. Following up of the genetically screened newborns revealed that genetic screening detected more hearing‐impaired infants than hearing screening alone. Genetic screening helped identify the infants who had passed the initial hearing screening, and reduced time for diagnosis and intervention of hearing aid. In addition, we identified 234 newborns (0.30%, 234/77,647) susceptible to preventable aminoglycoside antibiotic ototoxicity undetectable by hearing screening.ConclusionWe performed the largest‐scale neonatal carrier screening for hearing loss genes in Southeast China. Our results indicated that genetic screening is an important complementation to conventional hearing screening. Our practice and experience may facilitate the application and development of neonatal genetic screening policy in mainland China.
Electrodiagnostic findings in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Variation with region of onset and utility of thoracic paraspinal muscle examination
Authors: Sanghani Nirav , Claytor Benjamin , Li Yuebing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsLimited data exist regarding variation of electrodiagnostic (EDX) findings in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with different onset regions and specificity of thoracic paraspinal muscle (TPSP) examination for confirming a diagnosis of ALS. We aimed to demonstrate the variation of EDX features and characterize the utility of TPSP muscle examination in the electrodiagnosis of ALS.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of a large cohort of ALS patients who had a comprehensive EDX evaluation.ResultsThe study included 448 patients; all fulfilled the Gold Coast criteria for ALS. The average age at the time of EDX study was 64 years, and 41.1% were women. The onset region was identified as follows: bulbar (N = 149), cervical (N = 127), lumbosacral (N = 162), and other (N = 10). In contrast to limb onset, bulbar‐onset patients more frequently demonstrated a pattern of normal or near normal needle electromyography (EMG) (p < .0001) and less frequently had abnormalities on EMG of TPSP (p = .002). Clinical or EDX diagnosis of sensory polyneuropathy was present in 12.6% patients, more frequently in the lumbosacral onset subgroup (p < .03). EMG showed active denervation in 9.6% and chronic denervation in 59% of craniobulbar muscles examined, without observed difference among different onset regions. TPSP showed higher frequencies of active and chronic denervation in ALS than a group of patients with non‐ALS neuromuscular disorders.DiscussionEDX features may differ among ALS patients of different onset regions. TPSP EMG is highly useful in differentiating ALS from non‐ALS neuromuscular disorders while the yield of craniobulbar muscles, especially for active denervation, is low.
Evaluation of diagnostic yield of the 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society diagnostic criteria for CIDP
Authors: Kanbayashi Takamichi , Hokkoku Keiichi , Tachiyama Keisuke , Hatanaka Yuki , Sonoo Masahiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsIt is unclear whether the revised European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society diagnostic criteria (EAN/PNS 2021 criteria) improved the diagnostic yield for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) compared with the previous version. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the EAN/PNS 2021 criteria and the European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society 2010 diagnostic criteria (EFNS/PNS 2010 criteria), with a specific focus on the electrodiagnostic criteria.MethodsData of patients with clinically suspected CIDP who exhibited objective treatment response, and of those with chronic axonal neuropathies, obtained between 2009 and 2021, were extracted retrospectively from our database. Patients who underwent nerve conduction studies in at least unilateral upper and lower extremities were enrolled. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of the EAN/PNS 2021 and EFNS/PNS 2010 criteria.ResultsIn total, 55 patients with clinically suspected CIDP and 36 patients with chronic axonal neuropathies were enrolled. When considering the “possible CIDP” category, the EAN/PNS 2021 criteria showed lower sensitivity than the EFNS/PNS 2010 criteria (78% vs. 93%, p < .05), whereas its specificity was higher (78% vs. 61%, p < .05). The lower sensitivity was caused mainly by the failure to fulfill the sensory nerve conduction criteria. The revised definition of abnormal temporal dispersion of the tibial nerve contributed markedly to the improved specificity.DiscussionTo improve the sensitivity of the EAN/PNS 2021 criteria, increasing the number of tested sensory nerves may be necessary.
Exploring the relationship between plural values of nature, human well‐being, and conservation and development intervention: Why it matters and how to do it?
Authors: Carmenta Rachel , Zaehringer J. G. , Balvanera P. , Betley E. , Dawson N. M. , Estrada‐Carmona N. , Forster J. , Hoelle J. , Lliso B. , Llopis J. C. , Menon A. , Moeliono M. , Mustin K. , Pascual U. , Rai N. D. , Schleicher J. , Shelton C. , Sigouin A. , Sterling E. J. , Steward A. M. , Tauro A. , White C. , Woodhouse E. , Yuliani E.L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Globally, land and seascapes across the bioculturally diverse tropics are in transition. Impacted by the demands of distant consumers, the processes of global environmental change and numerous interventions seeking climate, conservation and development goals, these transitions have the potential to impact the relationships and plurality of values held between people and place.

This paper is a Synthesis of seven empirical studies within the Special Feature (SF): ‘What is lost in transition? Capturing the impacts of conservation and development interventions on relational values and human wellbeing in the tropics’. Through two Open Forum workshops, and critical review, contributing authors explored emergent properties across the papers of the SF. Six core themes were identified and are subsumed within broad categories of: (i) the problem of reconciling scale and complexity, (ii) key challenges to be overcome for more plural understanding of social dimensions of landscape change and (iii) ways forward: the potential of an environmental justice framework, and a practical overview of methods available to do so.

The Synthesis interprets disparate fields and complex academic work on relational values, human well‐being and de‐colonial approaches in impact appraisal. It offers a practical and actionable catalogue of methods for plural valuation in the field, and reflects on their combinations, strengths and weaknesses.

The research contribution is policy relevant because it builds the case for why a more plural approach in intervention design and evaluation is essential for achieving more just and sustainable futures, and highlights some of the key actions points deemed necessary to achieve such a transition to conventional practice.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Primary care use and depression screening among young adults with sickle cell disease during their final year of pediatric hematology care
Authors: Bangudi Suzy , Stanek Charis , Shankar Divya , Hart Laura , Nahata Leena , Cronin Robert M. , Creary Susan E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDepression may contribute to transition risk among young adults with sickle cell disease (SCD). It is unclear if they receive depression screening because primary care providers (PCPs) routinely perform this screening, but PCP use declines with age. This retrospective study of young adults with SCD during their final year of pediatric hematology care identified 51 (91%) had PCPs. Among those with hospital system PCPs, 20% saw their PCP and 50% of those were screened for depression by the PCP. This suggests young adults with SCD may not receive depression screening or see PCPs, leading to potential missed opportunities for intervention.
Experimental and numerical crashworthiness investigation of 3D printing carbon fiber reinforced nylon origami tubes
Authors: Jiang Zhiyu , Zhao Jian , Chen Weidong , Lv Huanlin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this article, the crashworthiness performance of 3D printed origami tubes with variable thickness and different printing angles are investigated. First, experimental results showed that, compared with the traditional equal thickness origami tubes, the initial peak crushing force of variable thickness origami tubes (VTOT) was reduced by 41% and the specific energy absorption (SEA) had an improvement of 22%. Then, the energy absorption (EA) capacity of 3D printed origami tubes at different printing angles was measured and analyzed experimentally. It can be concluded that smaller print angles provide better EA, and the larger print angles result in a significant increase in layer‐to‐layer shear under quasi‐static axial loads, which makes the component more susceptible to buckling and cracking. Finally, the finite element method was constructed through Abaqus/Explicit to study the crashworthiness of VTOT under different mean thickness and the thickness difference in detail. As the mean thickness increases, the load‐carrying capacity and EA capacity increase during the crushing process, but the VTOT with a mean thickness of 1.2 mm has the highest SEA and CLE. The larger thickness differences can significantly improve the EA properties of the VTOT through the changing of the deformation mode.Highlights
Both experimental and numerical methods were used to study origami tubes with varying thicknesses.
Origami tubes printed at 0° have a higher energy absorption capacity.
Variable thickness origami tubes improve the crashworthiness of traditional origami tubes.
Identification and preliminary characterization of conserved uncharacterized proteins from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Setaria viridis
Authors: Knoshaug Eric P. , Sun Peipei , Nag Ambarish , Nguyen Huong , Mattoon Erin M. , Zhang Ningning , Liu Jian , Chen Chen , Cheng Jianlin , Zhang Ru , St. John Peter , Umen James 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe rapid accumulation of sequenced plant genomes in the past decade has outpaced the still difficult problem of genome‐wide protein‐coding gene annotation. A substantial fraction of protein‐coding genes in all plant genomes are poorly annotated or unannotated and remain functionally uncharacterized. We identified unannotated proteins in three model organisms representing distinct branches of the green lineage (Viridiplantae): Arabidopsis thaliana (eudicot), Setaria viridis (monocot), and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyte alga). Using similarity searching, we identified a subset of unannotated proteins that were conserved between these species and defined them as Deep Green proteins. Bioinformatic, genomic, and structural predictions were performed to begin classifying Deep Green genes and proteins. Compared to whole proteomes for each species, the Deep Green set was enriched for proteins with predicted chloroplast targeting signals predictive of photosynthetic or plastid functions, a result that was consistent with enrichment for daylight phase diurnal expression patterning. Structural predictions using AlphaFold and comparisons to known structures showed that a significant proportion of Deep Green proteins may possess novel folds. Though only available for three organisms, the Deep Green genes and proteins provide a starting resource of high‐value targets for further investigation of potentially new protein structures and functions conserved across the green lineage.