bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Stress Levels of Premature Infants’ Parents and Related Factors in NICU
Authors: Hendy Abdelaziz , El-sayed Salma , Bakry Salma , Mohammed Shimmaa M , Mohamed Hossam , Abdelkawy Abdelmouttelb , Hassani Rym , Abouelela Madeha A , Sayed Salwa 
Published: February 2024

Introduction Parental stress related to their infants’ hospitalization is a significant concern that affects both parents and their infants. Fathers’ experiences tend to be understudied compared to mothers. Further research on fathers’ stress levels is necessary. While parental stress has been correlated with infant health severity, the specific causes and risk factors contributing to heightened stress levels in parents of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants are not yet fully understood and require further investigation. Objective This study aimed to examine the stress levels experienced by parents of premature infants in the NICU and to explore the factors associated with parental stress in this specific context. Methods A cross-sectional observational design was used to accomplish this study, which was carried out on 743 parents from nine different NICUs located in governmental hospitals across various locations in Egypt. We used characteristics of parents and premature infants, and Parent Stress Scale was used for data collection. Results A majority of parents reported experiencing high stress in the following domains: sight and sound (80.3%), infants’ appearance (69%), and the parent-infant relationship (81.4%). Additionally, about three-quarters (73.6%) of parents experienced high stress overall, with a mean score of 167.56 (21.3). Conclusion About three-quarters of the parents experienced high overall stress levels. Also, factors that were found to affect parents’ stress levels included premature infants connected to mechanical ventilators, previous neonatal death, parents living far from hospitals, infants delivered through cesarean section, insufficient income, and prolonged hospitalization beyond 5 days.
Evaluation of Head Height After Endoscopic Strip Craniectomy and Orthotic Therapy for Sagittal Craniosynostosis
Authors: Linkugel Andrew D. , Skolnick Gary B. , Naidoo Sybill D. , Smyth Matthew D. , Patel Kamlesh B. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Achievement of normal head shape is one of the primary goals of all treatment modalities for craniosynostosis, in addition to maintenance of normal intracranial pressure and allowing normal brain development. Pre- and postoperative quantification of head shape in sagittal craniosynostosis has largely relied on cephalic index (width divided by anterior-posterior length of skull). However, many infants with sagittal craniosynostosis have a head that is short in addition to long and narrow. Height is not captured by the cephalic index. Methods: Patients who underwent endoscopic repair of sagittal craniosynostosis between 2016 and 2019 with available pre- and 1-year postoperative head computed tomography (CT) scans were identified. Age-matched controls with available CT scans were used for comparison. Twenty-one patients with sagittal craniosynostosis who underwent endoscopic repair, 10 preoperative, and 10 postoperative age-matched controls were identified. CT scans were measured with Analyze 12.0 software using soft tissue windows. Head height was defined as the vertical distance from the opisthocranion to the top of the head along a line crossing the tragus. Results: Patients with sagittal craniosynostosis had a shorter head height (mean 6.01 cm) than age-matched controls (mean 6.94 cm, P = .0003), and, after endoscopic repair and helmeting, the head height (mean 8.05 cm) was similar to age matched controls (mean 8.22 cm, P = .515). Conclusions: This head height measurement quantifies the third dimension of abnormal head shape in sagittal craniosynostosis. Additionally, it is adequately corrected in endoscopic repair with helmeting.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of isoorientin in the treatment of osteoporosis: a study using network pharmacology and experimental validation
Authors: Zhang Bo , Qu Zechao , Hui Hua , He Baorong , Wang Dong , Zhang Yong , Zhao Yiwei , Zhang Jingjun , Yan Liang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Isoorientin (ISO) is a glycosylated flavonoid with antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, its effects on bone metabolism remain largely unknown.

Methods
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of ISO on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation in vitro and bone loss in post-ovariectomy (OVX) rats, as well as to elucidate the underlying mechanism. First, network pharmacology analysis indicated that MAPK1 and AKT1 may be potential therapeutic targets of ISO and that ISO has potential regulatory effects on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathways, as well as oxidative stress. ISO was added to RAW264.7 cells stimulated by RANKL, and its effects on osteoclast differentiation were evaluated using tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, TRAP activity measurement, and F-actin ring analysis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in osteoclasts was detected using a ROS assay kit. The effects of ISO on RANKL-triggered molecular cascade response were further investigated by Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining. In addition, the therapeutic effects of ISO were evaluated in vivo.

Results
ISO inhibited osteoclastogenesis in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Mechanistically, ISO downregulated the expression of the main transcription factor for osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting MAPK and PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathways. Moreover, ISO exhibited protective effects in OVX-induced bone loss rats. This was consistent with the results derived from network pharmacology.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest a potential therapeutic utility of ISO in the management of osteoclast-associated bone diseases, including osteoporosis.
All-epiphyseal anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction yields superior sports performances than the trans-epiphyseal technique in skeletally immature patients: a systematic review
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Pilone Marco , Memminger Michael Kurt , Eschweiler Jörg , Giorgino Riccardo , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in skeletally immature patients are increasingly common. Evidence comparing the outcomes of all-epiphyseal versus trans-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients is limited, and the current literature could benefit from a comprehensive systematic review. The present study compared all-epiphyseal versus trans-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients. The outcomes of interest were to compare joint laxity, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), return to sport, and complications.

Methods
This study was conducted according to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. In November 2023, the following databases were accessed: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Embase. No additional filters were used in the database search. All the clinical studies investigating ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients were accessed. Only articles that clearly stated the surgical technique (all- or trans-epiphyseal) were eligible. Only articles with a minimum of 6 months of follow-up were included. Only articles that clearly stated that surgeries were conducted in children with open physis were eligible.

Results
Data from 1489 patients (1493 procedures) were collected, of which 32% (490 of 1489 patients) were female. The mean length of follow-up was 46.6 months. The mean age of the patients was 12.7 years. No difference was found in joint laxity (Table 3): positive pivot shift (P = 0.4), positive Lachman test (P = 0.3), and mean arthrometer laxity (P = 0.1). No difference was found in PROMs (Table 4): International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) (P = 0.3), Lysholm (P = 0.4), and Tegner (P = 0.7). The trans-epiphyseal technique was associated with a greater rate of patients unable to return to sports (1% versus 7%, P = 0.0001) and with a longer time to return to sports (7.7 versus 8.6 months, P = 0.01). Though the trans-epiphyseal technique was associated with a lower rate of return to sport, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.8). No difference was evidenced in the rate of patients who had reduced their league or level of sports activity (P = 0.6) or in the rate of patients who had returned to their previous league or level of sports activity (P = 0.7). No difference was found in the rate of complication: re-tear (P = 0.8), reoperation (P = 0.7), increased laxity (P = 0.9), and persistent instability sensation (P = 0.3).

Conclusion
Trans-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction was associated with a greater rate of patients unable to return to sport and with a longer time to return to sport compared with the all-epiphyseal technique in skeletally immature patients.
Level of evidence Level III, systematic review.
The problem of homogeneity of rail passenger delay compensation scheme rules in Great Britain: impacts on passenger engagement and operator revenues
Authors: Rossa Kacper , Smith Andrew S. J. , Batley Richard P. , Hudson Phillip 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
A rail passenger delay compensation scheme aiming at improving attractiveness of rail services and providing minimum customer service standards for delayed passengers operates in the European Union and Great Britain. British rail passengers are eligible to claim 50% of fare for delays of more than 30 min and 100% for delays of over 1 h. The scheme rules were chosen arbitrarily and are homogeneous across all ticket types and journey lengths. As longer journeys are usually more expensive and subjected to longer delays, long distance operators are likely to see more passengers being eligible to claim compensation. This, combined with higher engagement rates due to differences in sensitivity to lateness or opportunity cost of not claiming compensation is likely to have an impact on the differing revenue burden for operating companies.

Objective
Against this background, this study aims to quantify the revenue impact of homogeneity of scheme rules for different types of train operators to advance understanding of the scheme’s costs and motivate further research into the economic rationale behind the scheme’s provision and design.

Methodology
An econometric model was constructed to empirically test the impact of performance levels and train operator characteristics on the compensation payments made to passengers through the ’Delay Repay’ scheme in Great Britain.

Results
The combined differences in the nature of operation and engagement levels mean that with delay levels and engagement increasing with journey length and fare, short, medium and long distance train operating companies (TOCs) repay on average respectively 0.3%, 0.8% and 1.8% of their ticket revenues, increasing the scheme’s proportionate burden on the revenues of long distance operators. Further research is needed to either explain the economic or regulatory reasons behind the differing revenue impact of the scheme on different types of TOCs or suggest how the scheme can be redesigned to take these differences into account.
SNVstory: inferring genetic ancestry from genome sequencing data
Authors: Bollas Audrey E. , Rajkovic Andrei , Ceyhan Defne , Gaither Jeffrey B. , Mardis Elaine R. , White Peter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Genetic ancestry, inferred from genomic data, is a quantifiable biological parameter. While much of the human genome is identical across populations, it is estimated that as much as 0.4% of the genome can differ due to ancestry. This variation is primarily characterized by single nucleotide variants (SNVs), which are often unique to specific genetic populations. Knowledge of a patient's genetic ancestry can inform clinical decisions, from genetic testing and health screenings to medication dosages, based on ancestral disease predispositions. Nevertheless, the current reliance on self-reported ancestry can introduce subjectivity and exacerbate health disparities. While genomic sequencing data enables objective determination of a patient's genetic ancestry, existing approaches are limited to ancestry inference at the continental level.

Results
To address this challenge, and create an objective, measurable metric of genetic ancestry we present SNVstory, a method built upon three independent machine learning models for accurately inferring the sub-continental ancestry of individuals. We also introduce a novel method for simulating individual samples from aggregate allele frequencies from known populations. SNVstory includes a feature-importance scheme, unique among open-source ancestral tools, which allows the user to track the ancestral signal broadcast by a given gene or locus. We successfully evaluated SNVstory using a clinical exome sequencing dataset, comparing self-reported ethnicity and race to our inferred genetic ancestry, and demonstrate the capability of the algorithm to estimate ancestry from 36 different populations with high accuracy.

Conclusions
SNVstory represents a significant advance in methods to assign genetic ancestry, opening the door to ancestry-informed care. SNVstory, an open-source model, is packaged as a Docker container for enhanced reliability and interoperability. It can be accessed from https://github.com/nch-igm/snvstory.
Genetic control of abiotic stress-related specialized metabolites in sunflower
Authors: Moroldo Marco , Blanchet Nicolas , Duruflé Harold , Bernillon Stéphane , Berton Thierry , Fernandez Olivier , Gibon Yves , Moing Annick , Langlade Nicolas B. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Abiotic stresses in plants include all the environmental conditions that significantly reduce yields, like drought and heat. One of the most significant effects they exert at the cellular level is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which cause extensive damage. Plants possess two mechanisms to counter these molecules, i.e. detoxifying enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants, which include many classes of specialized metabolites. Sunflower, the fourth global oilseed, is considered moderately drought resistant. Abiotic stress tolerance in this crop has been studied using many approaches, but the control of specialized metabolites in this context remains poorly understood. Here, we performed the first genome-wide association study using abiotic stress-related specialized metabolites as molecular phenotypes in sunflower. After analyzing leaf specialized metabolites of 450 hybrids using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we selected a subset of these compounds based on their association with previously known abiotic stress-related quantitative trait loci. Eventually, we characterized these molecules and their associated genes.

Results
We putatively annotated 30 compounds which co-localized with abiotic stress-related quantitative trait loci and which were associated to seven most likely candidate genes. A large proportion of these compounds were potential antioxidants, which was in agreement with the role of specialized metabolites in abiotic stresses. The seven associated most likely candidate genes, instead, mainly belonged to cytochromes P450 and glycosyltransferases, two large superfamilies which catalyze greatly diverse reactions and create a wide variety of chemical modifications. This was consistent with the high plasticity of specialized metabolism in plants.

Conclusions
This is the first characterization of the genetic control of abiotic stress-related specialized metabolites in sunflower. By providing hints concerning the importance of antioxidant molecules in this biological context, and by highlighting some of the potential molecular mechanisms underlying their biosynthesis, it could pave the way for novel applications in breeding. Although further analyses will be required to better understand this topic, studying how antioxidants contribute to the tolerance to abiotic stresses in sunflower appears as a promising area of research.
Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants
Authors: Shahzad Asim , Aslam Uzma , Ferdous Shazia , Qin Mingzhou , Siddique Anam , Billah Motsim , Naeem Muhammad , Mahmood Zahid , Kayani Sadaf 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) are nutrients that are crucial for plant growth; however, when they are present at higher concentrations, they can cause toxicity in plants. The present study aimed to isolate plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria from Viburnum grandiflorum and assess its plant and defense promoting potential alone and in combination with RP in zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) toxic soil. The isolated endophytic bacteria were identified using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. For the experiment, twelve different treatments were applied using Zn, Ni, isolated endophytic Bacillus mycoides (Accession # MW979613), and rock phosphate (RP). The Ni, Zn and RP were used at the rate of (100 mg/kg) and (0.2 g/kg) respectively. A pot experiment with three replicates of each treatment was conducted using a complete randomized design (CRD).

Results
The results indicated that Ni (T5 = seed + 100 mg/kg Ni and T9 = seed + 100 mg/kg Zn) and Zn concentrations inhibited plant growth, but the intensity of growth inhibition was higher in Ni-contaminated soil. Bacillus mycoides and RP at 100 mg/Kg Zn (T12 = inoculated seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/kg.) increased the shoot length, leaf width, protein and sugar content by 57%, 13%, 20% and 34%, respectively, compared to the control. The antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutases (SOD), peroxidase (POD) were decreased in contaminated soil. Furthermore, Ni and Zn accumulation was inhibited in T11 (seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/Kg) and T12 (inoculated seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/Kg) by 62 and 63% respectively. The Cu, Ca, and K, contents increased by 128, 219 and 85, Mn, Na, and K by 326, 449, and 84% in (T3 = inoculated seed) and (T4 = inoculated seed + RP 0.2 g/Kg) respectively.

Conclusions
Ni was more toxic to plants than Zn, but endophytic bacteria isolated from Viburnum grandiflorum, helped wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants and reduced the toxic effects of Ni and Zn. The effect of Bacillus mycoides was more prominent in combination with RP which promoted and suppressed heavy-metal toxicity. The reported combination of Bacillus mycoides and RP may be useful for improving plant growth and overcoming metal stress.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in long-term COVID-19 with severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report
Authors: Guo Shiqi , Zhang Linna , Gao Chang , Lu Xiaoting , Song Wei , Shen Hui , Guo Qiang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was associated with potentially life-threatening complications. Among patients supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), those who underwent HSCT had a worse prognosis than those who did not. Advances in HSCT and critical care management have improved the prognosis of ECMO-supported HSCT patients.

Case
The patient in the remission stage of lymphoma after 22 months of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, suffered from ARDS, severe neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and long-term COVID-19. We evaluated the benefits and risks of ECMO for the patient, including the possibility of being free from ECMO, the status of malignancy, the interval from HSCT to ARDS, the function of the graft, the amount of organ failure, and the comorbidities. ECMO was ultimately used to save his life.

Conclusions
We did not advocate for the general use of ECMO in HSCT patients and we believed that highly selected patients, with well-controlled tumors, few comorbidities, and fewer risk factors for death, tended to benefit from ECMO with well ICU management.
Efficacy of Repeated Low-Level Red Light (RLRL) therapy on myopia outcomes in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Youssef Mohamed Ashraf , Shehata Ahmed Ragab , Adly Ahmed Moataz , Ahmed Mohamed Ragab , Abo-Bakr Hoda Fahmy , Fawzy Rehab Mahmoud , Gouda Ahmed Taha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Myopia is the most prevalent form of refractive error that has a major negative impact on visual function and causes blurring of vision. We aimed to determine if Repeated Low-Level Red Light (RLRL) treatment is beneficial in treating childhood myopia in terms of axial length (AL), spherical equivalent refraction (SER), and sub foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT).

Methods
This systematic review was performed on RLRL for treatment of myopia in children compared to single vision spectacles (SVS). We employed the search strategy with key terms myopia and low-level light therapy then we searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. The mean differences (MD) were used to evaluate the treatment effects. Heterogeneity was quantified using I2 statistics and explored by sensitivity analysis.

Results
Five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in our meta-analysis with a total of 833 patients, 407 in treatment group and 426 in control group. At a 3 month follow up period, pooled studies show a statistical difference in AL between RLRL and SVS group (MD = -0.16; 95% CI [-0.19, -0.12], SER (MD = 0.33; 95% CI [0.27, 0.38]), and SFCT (MD = 43.65; 95% CI [23.72, 45.58]). At a 6 month follow up period, pooled studies show a statistical difference in AL between RLRL and SVS group (MD = -0.21; 95% CI [-0.28, -0.15]), SER (MD = 0.46; 95% CI [0.26, 0.65]), and SFCT (MD = 25.07; 95% CI [18.18, 31.95]). At a 12 month follow up period, pooled studies show a statistical difference in AL between RLRL and SVS group (MD = -0.31; 95% CI [-0.42, -0.19]) and SER (MD = 0.63; 95% CI [0.52, 0.73]).

Conclusion
This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis investigating only RCTs evidence supporting the efficacy of 650 nm RLRL for myopia control in the short term of 3, 6, and 12 months follow up. The present review revealed the clinical significance of RLRL as a new alternative treatment for myopia control with good user acceptability and no documented functional or structural damage. However, the effect of long-term RLRL treatment and the rebound effect after cessation require further investigations.