bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute ischemia induces spatially and transcriptionally distinct microglial subclusters
Authors: Li Huiya , Liu Pinyi , Zhang Bing , Yuan Zengqiang , Guo Mengdi , Zou Xinxin , Qian Yi , Deng Shiji , Zhu Liwen , Cao Xiang , Tao Tao , Xia Shengnan , Bao Xinyu , Xu Yun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Damage in the ischemic core and penumbra after stroke affects patient prognosis. Microglia immediately respond to ischemic insult and initiate immune inflammation, playing an important role in the cellular injury after stroke. However, the microglial heterogeneity and the mechanisms involved remain unclear.

Methods
We first performed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice from three time points to determine stroke-associated microglial subclusters and their spatial distributions. Furthermore, the expression of microglial subcluster-specific marker genes and the localization of different microglial subclusters were verified on MCAO mice through RNAscope and immunofluorescence. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was performed to reveal functional characteristics of microglia sub-clusters. Additionally, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to explore upstream regulators of microglial subclusters, which was confirmed by immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, shRNA-mediated knockdown, and targeted metabolomics. Finally, the infarct size, neurological deficits, and neuronal apoptosis were evaluated in MCAO mice after manipulation of specific microglial subcluster.

Results
We discovered stroke-associated microglial subclusters in the brains of MCAO mice. We also identified novel marker genes of these microglial subclusters and defined these cells as ischemic core-associated (ICAM) and ischemic penumbra-associated (IPAM) microglia, according to their spatial distribution. ICAM, induced by damage-associated molecular patterns, are probably fueled by glycolysis, and exhibit increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines production. BACH1 is a key transcription factor driving ICAM generation. In contrast, glucocorticoids, which are enriched in the penumbra, likely trigger IPAM formation, which are presumably powered by the citrate cycle and oxidative phosphorylation and are characterized by moderate pro-inflammatory responses, inflammation-alleviating metabolic features, and myelinotrophic properties.

Conclusions
ICAM could induce excessive neuroinflammation, aggravating brain injury, whereas IPAM probably exhibit neuroprotective features, which could be essential for the homeostasis and survival of cells in the penumbra. Our findings provide a biological basis for targeting specific microglial subclusters as a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.
Patient outcomes associated with subcutaneous C1INH prophylaxis for hereditary angioedema: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Lumry William , Craig Timothy , Anderson John , Riedl Marc , Li Henry , Tachdjian Raffi , Manning Michael , Bajcic Paolo , Rodino Frank , Wang Sam , Sexton Thomas R. , Bernstein Jonathan A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Real-world data on subcutaneous C1INH (C1INH[SC]) usage and patient-level impacts on hereditary angioedema (HAE)-related outcomes and quality of life (QoL) are both lacking and challenging to generate using conventional study methodologies. Using a hybrid study design involving patient interviews supplemented by retrospective medical chart data review, we conducted a real-world assessment of the impact of C1INH(SC) prophylaxis on HAE attack patterns, QoL, and on-demand medication use.

Methods
The study was conducted at seven US sites and included 36 adults with HAE who had been treated with C1INH(SC) long-term prophylaxis following ≥ 12 months of on-demand management only. Patients underwent 30-min interviews, facilitated and analyzed by a trained qualitative research specialist. Medical records were reviewed for 12 months before (pre-index) and after (post-index) initiation of C1INH(SC). Using interview data with descriptive terms converted to numerical values, we compared pre- versus post-index attack frequency, severity, and rescue medication usage.

Results
Mean (SD) annualized attack frequency per patient decreased 82.0%, from 38.8 (38.8) attacks/year pre-index to 7.0 (15.3) attacks/year (P < 0.001); the median number of attacks decreased by 97.0% (30 pre-index to 1 post-index). For 20 patients, the annualized attack rate after starting C1INH(SC) prophylaxis was ≤ 1 attack/year; 12 of these patients reported 0 attacks. Mean (SD) attack severity (scale: 0 = none/mild to 4 = very severe) decreased from 2.3 (0.7) pre-index to 0.9 (0.9) post-index (P < 0.001). Mean/median rescue medication use decreased by 77.2%/96.3%. Improved QoL was narratively described for many domains.

Conclusions
These real-world findings indicate that long-term prophylaxis with C1INH(SC) markedly improves important factors that contribute to the goal of achieving total disease control and normalization of patients’ lives, including fewer and less severe attacks, less rescue medication usage, and improved QoL.
Single-stage bilateral conversion arthroplasty for hip fusion via direct anterior approach in a patient with severe ankylosing spondylitis and kyphoscoliosis: a case report
Authors: Beheshti Fard Shahabaldin , Afzal Sina , Barzegar Mohammadreza , Mortazavi Seyed Mohammad Javad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Severe ankylosing spondylitis (AS) frequently involves hip joints and, occasionally, presents with concurrent spinal deformities, such as kyphoscoliosis, creating complex challenges for surgical management.

Case presentation
We present a 26-year-old Persian male with a history of AS and severe kyphoscoliosis, leading to bilateral hip fusion and immobility. Following spinal deformity correction, a one-stage bilateral conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) was conducted through the direct anterior approach.

Conclusion
Primary correction of spinal deformities allows for extended surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Single stage bilateral hip conversion arthroplasty via the direct anterior approach enhances postoperative mobilization, reduce the risk of re-ankylosis, and improve the overall quality of life for AS patients with this unique presentation.
A new self-adaptive method for solving resolvent of sum of two monotone operators in Banach spaces
Authors: Abass H. A. , Aphane M. , Oyewole O. K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe introduce a Tseng extragradient method for solving monotone inclusion problem in Banach space. A strong convergence result of an Halpern inertial extrapolation method for solving the resolvent of sum of two monotone operators without the knowledge of the Lipschitz constant was established. Lastly, we illustrate some numerical behavior of our iterative scheme to showcase the performance of the proposed method compared to other related results in the literature.
What kind of illness is anorexia nervosa? Revisited: some preliminary thoughts to finding a cure
Authors: Touyz S. , Bryant E. , Dann K. M. , Polivy J. , Le Grange D. , Hay P. , Lacey H. , Aouad P. , Barakat S. , Miskovic-Wheatley J. , Griffiths K. , Carroll B. , Calvert S. , Maguire S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwo decades have elapsed since our publication of ‘What kind of illness is anorexia nervosa?’. The question remains whether our understanding of anorexia nervosa and its treatment thereof has evolved over this time. The verdict is disappointing at best. Our current gold standard treatments remain over-valued and clinical outcomes are modest at best. Those in our field are haunted by the constant reminder that anorexia nervosa carries the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder. This cannot continue and demands immediate action. In this essay, we tackle the myths that bedevil our field and explore a deeper phenotyping of anorexia nervosa. We argue that we can no longer declare agnostic views of the disorder or conceive treatments that are “brainless”: it is incumbent upon us to challenge the prevailing zeitgeist and reconceptualise anorexia nervosa. Here we provide a roadmap for the future.
Buried bumper syndrome in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with a jejunal extension tube in patients undergoing levodopa–carbidopa intestinal gel treatment
Authors: Nakagawa Masatoshi , Inoue Noboru , Takise Shuhei , Takayanagi Masashi , Kubo Tsukasa , Muroi Hiroto , Nakajima Masanobu , Morita Shinji , Nakamura Takatoshi , Kojima Kazuyuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Levodopa–carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) treatment is an effective Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment that requires percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with a jejunal extension tube (PEG-J). Buried bumper syndrome (BBS) is an uncommon but significant complication of PEG-J for LCIG.
Case presentation
A 71-year-old man had been undergoing LCIG therapy for PD since a PEG-J was implemented at our department two years previously. He presented with appetite loss. Computed tomography showed that the gastrostomy bumper was buried in the gastric wall. The patient was surgically treated with the simultaneous removal and replacement of PEG-J. Postoperative gastrocutaneous fistula occurred, which was conservatively treated.

Conclusions
Notably, patients and medical staff should be aware that patients with PD on LCIG treatment have a high risk of BBS in PEG-J and that there might be some patients with latent BBS. When simultaneous removal and replacement surgery is performed, establishing a new route at the stomach and abdominal wall is recommended.
Patterns of mental health service use among perpetrators of domestic homicide: descriptive study of Domestic Homicide Reviews in England and Wales
Authors: MacInnes Poppy , Calcia Marilia A. , Martinuzzi Michela , Griffin Cora , Oram Siân , Howard Louise M. 
Published: December 2023

Aims and methodWe used data from Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) to describe the patterns of mental health service use by perpetrators of domestic homicide in England and Wales. In 186 DHR reports we compared the characteristics of perpetrators who accessed mental health services with those of perpetrators who did not. Separate analyses were conducted for perpetrators of intimate partner homicide (IPH) and family homicide.ResultsOver two-thirds (64.5%, n = 120) of the perpetrators had accessed mental healthcare before the homicide. Perpetrators of IPH who had used mental health services compared with those who had not were more likely to have a history of substance misuse, contact with the criminal justice system and a history of self-harm or suicide attempts.Clinical implicationsOur findings support the need for health services, particularly mental health, addictions and primary care, to take an assertive role in the prevention of domestic violence and abuse by identifying patients who are potential perpetrators of domestic violence and abuse.
In situ regeneration of inner hair cells in the damaged cochlea by temporally regulated co-expression of Atoh1 and Tbx2
Authors: Li Xiang , Ren Minhui , Gu Yunpeng , Zhu Tong , Zhang Yu , Li Jie , Li Chao , Wang Guangqin , Song Lei , Bi Zhenghong , Liu Zhiyong 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) are primary sound receptors, and are therefore a target for developing treatments for hearing impairment. IHC regeneration in vivo has been widely attempted, although not yet in the IHC-damaged cochlea. Moreover, the extent to which new IHCs resemble wild-type IHCs remains unclear, as is the ability of new IHCs to improve hearing. Here, we have developed an in vivo mouse model wherein wild-type IHCs were pre-damaged and nonsensory supporting cells were transformed into IHCs by ectopically expressing Atoh1 transiently and Tbx2 permanently. Notably, the new IHCs expressed the functional marker vGlut3 and presented similar transcriptomic and electrophysiological properties to wild-type IHCs. Furthermore, the formation efficiency and maturity of new IHCs were higher than those previously reported, although marked hearing improvement was not achieved, at least partly due to defective mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) in new IHCs. Thus, we have successfully regenerated new IHCs resembling wild-type IHCs in many respects in the damaged cochlea. Our findings suggest that the defective MET is a critical barrier that prevents the restoration of hearing capacity and should thus facilitate future IHC regeneration studies.
Determinants of Physical Activity among Patients with Colorectal Cancer: From Diagnosis to Five Years after Diagnosis
Authors: Smit Karel C. , Derksen Jeroen W.G. , Stellato Rebecca K. , van Lanen Anne-Sophie , Wesselink Evertine , Belt Eric J. Th. , Cloos-van Balen Marissa , Coene Peter Paul L.O. , Dekker Jan Willem T. , de Groot Jan Willem , Haringhuizen Annebeth W. , van Halteren Henk K. , van Heek Tjarda T. , Helgason Helgi H. , Hendriks Mathijs P. , de Hingh Ignace H.J.T. , Hoekstra Ronald , Houtsma Danny , Janssen Johan J.B. , Kok Niels , Konsten Joop L.M. , Los Maartje , Meijerink Martijn R. , Mekenkamp Leonie J.M. , Peeters Koen C.M.J. , Polée Marco B. , Rietbroek Ron C. , Schiphorst Anandi H.W. , Schrauwen Ruud W.M. , Schreinemakers Jennifer , Sie Mark P.S. , Simkens Lieke , Sonneveld Eric J.A. , Terheggen Frederiek , Valkenburg-van Iersel Liselot , Vles Wouter J. , Wasowicz-Kemps Daria K. , de Wilt Johannes H.W. , Kok Dieuwertje E. , Winkels Renate M. , Kampman Ellen , van Duijnhoven Fränzel J.B. , Koopman Miriam , May Anne M. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Physical activity (PA) is associated with higher quality of life and probably better prognosis among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This study focuses on determinants of PA among CRC patients from diagnosis until five years post-diagnosis.

Methods
Sociodemographic and disease-related factors of participants of two large CRC cohort studies were combined. Moderate-to-vigorous PA during sport and leisure time (MVPA-SL) was measured at diagnosis (T0) and six, twelve, twenty-four, and sixty (T6 to T60) months post-diagnosis, using the SQUASH questionnaire. Mixed-effects models were performed to identify sociodemographic and disease-related determinants of MVPA-SL, separately for stage I-III colon (CC), stage I-III rectal cancer (RC), and stage IV CRC (T0 and T6 only). Associations were defined as consistently present when significant at ≥4 timepoints for the stage I-III subsets. MVPA-SL levels were compared with an age- and sex-matched sample of the general Dutch population.

Results
In total, 2905 CC, 1459 RC and 436 stage IV CRC patients were included. Patients with higher fatigue scores, and women compared to men had consistently lower MVPA-SL levels over time, regardless of tumor type and stage. At T6, having a stoma was significantly associated with lower MVPA-SL among stage I-III RC patients. Systemic therapy and radiotherapy were not significantly associated with MVPA-SL changes at T6. Compared to the general population, MVPA-SL levels of CRC patients were lower at all timepoints, most notably at T6.

Conclusions
Female sex and higher fatigue scores were consistent determinants of lower MVPA-SL levels among all CRC patients, and MVPA-SL levels were lowest at six months post-diagnosis. Our results can inform the design of intervention studies aimed at improving PA, and guide healthcare professionals in optimizing individualized support.
Improvements in Orthostatic Tolerance with Exercise Are Augmented by Heat Acclimation: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Parsons Iain T. , Snape Daniel , Stacey Michael J. , Barlow Matthew , O’Hara John , Gall Nick , Chowienczyk Phil , Wainwright Barney , Woods David R 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Heat adaptation is protective against heat illness however its role in heat syncope, due to reflex mechanisms, has not been conclusively established. The aim of this study was to evaluate if heat acclimation (HA) was protective against heat syncope and to ascertain underlying physiological mechanisms.

Methods
20 (15 males, 5 females) endurance trained athletes were randomised to either 8 days of mixed active and passive HA (HEAT) or climatically temperate exercise (CONTROL). Prior to, and following, the interventions participants underwent a head up tilt (HUT) with graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP), in a thermal chamber (32.0 ± 0.3 °C), continued until presyncope with measurement of cardiovascular parameters. Heat stress tests (HST) were performed to determine physiological and perceptual measures of HA.

Results
There was a significant increase in orthostatic tolerance (OT), as measured by HUT/LBNP, in the HEAT group (pre-intervention; 28 ± 9 mins, post-intervention; 40 ± 7 mins) compared to CONTROL (pre-intervention; 30 ± 8 mins, post-intervention; 33 ± 5 mins) (p = 0.01). HA resulted in a significantly reduced peak and mean rectal and skin temperature (p < 0.01), peak heat rate (p < 0.003), thermal comfort (p < 0.04) and rating of perceived exertion (p < 0.02) during HST. There was a significantly increased plasma volume (PV) in the HEAT group in comparison to CONTROL (p = 0.03).

Conclusions
HA causes improvements in OT and is likely to be beneficial in patients with heat exacerbated reflex syncope. HA mediated PV expansion is a potential physiological mechanism underlying improved OT.
Preparation, structure, and nonlinear optical properties of Al-CdTe films
Authors: Wang Hecong , Li Xinying , Zhang Lu , Ding Chang , Sun Wenjun 
Published: December 2023

Metal-doped semiconductors have attracted a lot of attention due to their favorable properties that can be used in the optical devices field. In this paper, Al-CdTe (ACE) films were prepared by dual-target co-sputtering. By controlling the sputtering power of the DC target to change the content of the Al dopant, it was found that the morphology of the films was slightly changed, the band gap became larger, and the crystalline quality became better. The nonlinear coefficients were measured at 800 nm using the femtosecond (fs) Z-scan technique, and the results were that the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the samples were controlled by Al content, and there was a significant enhancement of the nonlinear coefficients of the ACE films. The results of this study show that ACE films have a promising application in both optoelectronic devices and photodetectors.
A polémica sobre a disciplina ‘Cidadania e Desenvolvimento’
Authors: Pinto Manuel , Pereira Sara , Navio Catarina , Fillol Joana 
Published: December 2023

Cidadania e Desenvolvimento é uma disciplina autónoma e obrigatória nos 2.º e 3.º ciclos do Ensino Básico desde o ano letivo 2018/2019, assumindo-se como uma componente curricular transversal no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário. Desde que foi implementada, a disciplina tem gerado alguma controvérsia, quer pela sua obrigatoriedade, quer pelos temas que propõe abordar. Em 2020, uma família de Famalicão, invocando o direito à objeção de consciência, impediu os seus dois filhos adolescentes de frequentarem as aulas de CeD. O caso ganhou maior atenção mediática com a publicação, nesse mesmo ano, de dois manifestos assinados por várias personalidades públicas. O primeiro pedia o fim da obrigatoriedade da disciplina e a liberdade de escolha dos pais; o segundo defendia a sua obrigatoriedade. Estes acontecimentos, e a polémica associada, foram objeto de discussão por parte da opinião pública e dos media. O presente estudo pretende analisar a cobertura mediática deste caso a partir de seis jornais nacionais (DN, JN, Observador, Público, Correio da Manhã e Expresso), nas suas versões impressas e online, entre 01 a 30 de setembro 2020, período de maior visibilidade e discussão pública. A partir da análise de 148 peças recolhidas, o estudo ajuda a perceber as visões de escola e de educação que estão em confronto nesta troca de argumentos e a forma como os diferentes media se posicionaram neste debate.
FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD SECURITY OF THE REGION
Authors: Lai Yunhui 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study is to specify the external driving forces that have a possible impact on the formation of a system of regional food security. The article presents the results of a study of the features of various factors that have both a positive and a negative impact on the state of the object of study in the context of political, social, economic and technological approaches to the classification of these factors. The main emphasis in the work is on the problems and prospects for the development of the agro-industrial complex, on the final success of which the level of food supply of the regions of Russia directly depends.
The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that under the influence of the global pandemic crisis and the economic sanctions imposed by European countries, a number of different environmental factors have formed that determine the main trends in the development of the food security system for the Russian regions. In the current economic conditions, the main task of national importance is to maintain and improve the standard of living of the country's population.
INVESTIGATION OF THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LEVEL FOR 2018-2021 USING THE METHODS OF MULTIVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: Yudintsev A. Yu. , Troshkina G. N. 
Published: December 2023

The paper analyzes the socio-economic development of the regions dynamics level of the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation for the period from 2018 to 2021. The basis of the study was the Federal State Statistics Service for monitoring the socio-economic situation in the regions of the Russian Federation. The following indicators are considered: average monthly nominal accrued wages of employees (rubles) per year, per capita monetary income of the population (rubles) on average per year, labor force (thousand people) on average per year, number of unemployed (thousand people) on average per year, the volume of investments in fixed assets (million rubles) per year, retail trade turnover (million rubles) per year, goods of own production were shipped, works and services performed on their own per year (excluding VAT, excises and similar mandatory payments) million rubles. The methodology used includes: bringing monetary indicators for the period under review to the prices of 2021 in accordance with the deflator indices of the gross domestic product of the Russian Federation;
reduction of the original set of non-orthogonal variables using factor analysis to a small-sized orthogonal factor space; determination of the Russian Federation federal districts centroids by the center of mass method for each year of the period under review; analysis of the Siberian Federal District internal structure dynamics and its position.