bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions and Attitudes toward Cancer in an Eastern European Country: Longitudinal study
Authors: Geantă Marius , Cioroboiu Cosmina , Boată Adriana , Cucoș Bianca , Schitea Ruxandra , Jinga Viorel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background Romania bears a substantial cancer burden, as evidenced by the incidence of 98,886 new cases and an estimated 54,486 fatalities in the year 2020. This places the nation among the top 10 European countries with regard to cancer-related mortality rates. The exacerbation of cancer mortality in Romania can be attributed primarily to deficiencies in the accessibility of cancer-related information, preventive measures, screening services and cutting-edge cancer treatments.Methods To assess citizen’s attitudes regarding cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, including personalized therapies, immune-oncology, and genomic biomarker testing, a longitudinal sociological investigation was undertaken across three panels of respondents in the years 2016, 2018, and 2020. Utilizing computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) technology, the surveys were administered via telephone interviews. The sampling methodology employed probabilistic and multistratified techniques to ensure a comprehensive representation of the population.Results In 2020, our study revealed a declining trend in public perceptions regarding cancer prevention and curability compared to earlier years. Specifically, the proportion of respondents who believed cancer could be prevented decreased from 82% in the period spanning 2016 to 2018 to 78% in 2020. Similarly, the belief in the curability of cancer dropped from 74% in 2016 to 71% in 2020. Alarmingly, there was an upward trajectory in the percentage of individuals who held the conviction that cancer inevitably leads to death, rising from 44.9% in 2016 to 47.9% in 2020.Conclusions Cancer is a disease of the genome, but solutions should be identified at the societal level and co-created with citizens and patients.
Assessing Crop Vulnerability and Water-Saving Strategies under Climate Change: Does a Multiscale Analysis Always Add Value?
Authors: Gaddam Sai Jagadeesh , Sampath Prasanna Venkatesh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Understanding the impacts of climate change on agriculture is vital for developing effective water-saving strategies (WSS). This study presents a systematic approach to evaluate the performance of WSS at multi-spatial scales from 2020–2099 for the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Climate data from the EC-Earth3 model under three climate change scenarios: SSP126, SSP245, and SSP370, was used. First, the irrigation water requirements (IWR) were calculated using a soil water balance model at multiple scales. Then, the future vulnerabilities of the selected crops – paddy, groundnut, sugarcane, and maize were quantified by estimating the variability of IWR. Next, groundwater consumption was estimated under a Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario, following which the water savings in drip irrigation strategy (DIS) and crop shift strategy (CSS) relative to BAU were calculated. Finally, a Water-saving Scale Factor was computed to capture the efficacy of WSS across scales. Findings reveal that groundnut and maize, though drought-resistant, have higher vulnerabilities compared to paddy and sugarcane - a trend that is more pronounced at finer than at coarser scales. Notably, DIS was found to be more effective at water-saving than CSS across scales and climate scenarios. For instance, the state-scale cumulative water savings for DIS is 28% (74.8 BCM), compared to 19% (50.8 BCM) for CSS. In conclusion, multiscale analysis of the efficiency of WSS indicates that a finer scale analysis makes little difference to DIS, but definitely adds value to CSS. Such insights could help policymakers optimize resources spent on devising water-saving strategies for the future.
Y-90 PET/MR imaging optimization with a Bayesian Penalized Likelihood reconstruction algorithm
Authors: Calatayud-Jordán José , Carrasco-Vela Nuria , Chimeno-Hernández José , Carles-Fariña Montserrat , Olivas-Arroyo Consuelo , Bello-Arqués Pilar , Pérez-Enguix Daniel , Martí-Bonmatí Luis , Torres-Espallardo Irene 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging after \(^{90}\) Y radioembolization is used for both lesion identification and dosimetry. Bayesian penalized likelihood (BPL) reconstruction algorithms are an alternative to ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) with improved image quality and lesion detectability. The investigation of optimal parameters for $^{90}$Y image reconstruction of Q.Clear, a commercial BPL algorithm developed by General Electric (GE), in PET/MR is a field of interest and the subject of this study. The NEMA phantom was filled at an 8:1 sphere-to-background ratio. Acquisitions were performed on a PET/MR scanner for clinically relevant activities between 0.7 - 3.3 MBq/ml. Reconstructions with Q.Clear were performed varying the \(\beta\) penalty parameter between 20 - 6000, the acquisition time between 5 - 20 min and pixel size between 1.56 - 4.69 mm. OSEM reconstructions of 28 subsets with 2 and 4 iterations with and without Time-of-flight were compared to Q.Clear with $\beta$ = 4000. Recovery coefficients (RC), their coefficient of variation (COV), background variability (BV), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and residual activity in the cold insert were evaluated. Increasing $\beta$ parameter lowered RC, COV and BV, while CNR was maximized at $\beta$ = 4000; further increase resulted in oversmoothing. For quantification purposes, $\beta$ = 1000 - 2000 could be more appropriate. Longer acquisition times resulted in larger CNR due to reduced image noise. Q.Clear reconstructions led to higher CNR than OSEM. A $\beta$ of 4000 was obtained for optimal image quality, although lower values could be considered for quantification purposes. An optimal acquisition time of 15 min was proposed considering its clinical use.
A weighted multi-view clustering via sparse graph learning
Authors: zhou jie , Zhang Runxin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Multi-view clustering considers the diversity of di erent views and fuses these views to produce a more accurate and robust partition than single-view clustering. It is a key problem of multi-view clustering research to allocate each view reasonably based on its contribution value. In this paper, we propose a weighted multi-view clustering model via sparse graph learning to cope with allocation of di erent views. The mainly proposed the idea is to assign di erent view weights instead of equal view weights to learn a highquality shared similarity matrix for multi-view clustering. In our new proposed method, it can consider the clustering capacity heterogeneity of di erent views in fusion by assigning a weight for each view so that the each view special features are fully excavated, and improve the performance of multi-view clustering. As we all know, the high time cost is the main challenge of multi-view clustering algorithm. A signi cant advantage of our proposed algorithm is that it can directly obtain the model solution without the general Singular Value Decomposition or Eigenvalue Decomposition. And thus, the time consumption of the algorithm is reduced e ectively. Meanwhile, our model is proposed based on sparse graph, so that the outliers and noise in each view data are well handled and the robust of the algorithm is e ectively guaranteed. In addition, our proposed method can directly obtained the cluster indicators by imposing low rank constraints without any post-processing operations. Finally, numerous experimental results are conducted on four widely used benchmark datasets, and show that the performance of our algorithm is quite satisfactory.
Spatiotemporal distribution of different forms of sulfur in acid mine drainage and their relationships with environmental factors
Authors: Gao Man , Liu Guo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The production of acid mine drainage (AMD) involves oxidation of FeS2 to SO42−, during which a variety of intermediate sulfur forms (S2O32−, S0, SnO62−, SO32−) are generated. This study aimed to characterize the spatiotemporal distributions of different forms of these intermediates and their relationships to environmental factors, focusing on an abandoned pyrite mine area. Samples were collected from different water stages and the physicochemical factors were determined on site. High performance liquid chromatography, ion chromatography, and Illumina high-throughput sequencing were used to determine the distributions of iron and sulfur forms and the microbial community structure at each site. Pearson and Spearman correlation were used to analyze the relationships between the distributions of different forms of sulfur and environmental factors during the formation and migration of AMD. The results suggested that SO42− mainly originated from gypsum dissolution and oxidation of the coal mine and FeS2. The dry season was associated with lower water pH and temperature and higher DO and ORP. The maximum correlation coefficient between TFe and SO42− decay was 0.9308, which could be attributed to the formation of sulfate secondary iron-containing minerals. SO42− pollution decreased with increasing migration distance of AMD and showed seasonal variation closely related to precipitation and groundwater flow. The abundance and diversity of microbial community decreased with the production of AMD, mainly acidophilus and sulfur/iron-oxidizing bacteria. Ferrovum occupied an absolute dominant position in weakly acidic samples, and Acidibacter and Sphingomonas were not polluted. Neutral samples include Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Ralstonia, Sinomonas, etc. pH and SO42− showed negative correlations with DO, temperature, and ORP, whereas the dominant strain Acidithiobacillus was positively correlated with SO42−. Increases in water temperature and ORP promoted the transformation of sulfur. The regulation of sulfur conversion to acid is key for developing strategies for preventing and reversing AMD pollution.
Pediatric cutaneous angiosarcoma of the scalp: Report of a rare case with literature review
Authors: Ambalavanan Nivetha , Saini Oshan , Gendle Chandrashekhar , Salunke Pravin , Gupta Kirti 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cutaneous angiosarcomas are rare tumors, predominantly arising in the sun-exposed skin of head and neck in adults and elderly patients. Rarely, these tumors can be seen in children. We describe a rare example of angiosarcoma in an adolescent boy arising in the scalp region and with intracranial extension. Lack of any syndromic associations or radiation exposure lends rarity to this case. Its aggressive nature warrants an urgent diagnosis and institution of therapy.
The Relevance of Tax Revenue on Budget Implementation in Nigeria (2012-2021)
Authors: Olaoye Clement Olatunji , ADEBAYO ADESODUN , Fakiyesi Oyindamola Adesola 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study examined the relevance of tax revenue on budget implementation in Nigeria, encompassing value-added tax, company income tax, and customs and excise duty, while measuring budget implementation through total accrual expenditure. The study utilized a time series dataset spanning from 2012 to 2021, sourced from the CBN statistical bulletin, 2022. Both descriptive and inferential analytical tools were employed, with variables described using mean, standard deviation, maximum, and minimum values. This was followed by Pearson correlation coefficient, unit root, co-integration, and error correction model estimation. The analysis revealed that value-added tax had a positive yet non-significant impact on budget implementation, with values of 0.3284 and 0.1781. Additionally, company income tax and customs and excise duty were found to have a progressively significant impact on budget implementation in Nigeria, with coefficient and probability values of 0.1486 (0.0183) and 0.2687 (0.0294) respectively. Consequently, it was concluded that tax revenue statistically influences budget implementation in Nigeria. To address this, it is recommended that the Nigerian government establishes a governing council to monitor revenue and expenditure, thereby minimizing discrepancies between planned and actual figures.
Severe anorexia nervosa with liver and cardiac abnormalities: a case report
Authors: Chen Yin , Zhang Zhitian , Liu Jiaojiao , Yan Hongmei , Li Fan , Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background- Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterised by abnormal body weight, an excessive fear of gaining weight, and a distorted perception of body weight and shape, which can lead to various physical consequences. Case presentation- Here, we present the treatment of a young female patient diagnosed with severe anorexia nervosa, exhibiting a meager body weight, with the lowest Body Mass Index (BMI) of 8.6 kg/m2. She displayed both liver and cardiac damage. Complications associated with anorexia developed progressively during the course of disease, with impaired liver and heart function being prominent and contributing to a critical condition that could potentially culminate in an unfavorable outcome. These symptoms showed gradual improvement with a carefully planned, multidisciplinary, collaborative, and step-by-step approach to nutritional supplementation. Conclusions- The success of this case may provide a reference for the future diagnosis and treatment of patients with similar conditions. Level of evidence IV- (case study).
BMP-2 Regulates the Expression of Myosin Va via Smad in Melan-a Melanocyte
Authors: Park Ji Yun , Jo Chan Song , Ku Chang Hoe , Hwang Jae Sung 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Myosin Va (Myo Va) is one of three protein complexes involved in melanosome transport. In this study, we identified BMP-2 as an up-regulator of Myo Va expression using 2-methyl-naphtho[1,2,3-de]quinolin-8-one (MNQO). Our results showed that MNQO reduced the mRNA and protein expression of Myo Va and BMP-2 in melanocytes. Knockdown of BMP-2 by siRNA also affected Myo Va mRNA and protein expression, confirming that MNQO regulates Myo Va through BMP-2. Furthermore, phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 by BMP2 treatment confirmed that the BMP-2/Smad signaling pathway regulates Myo Va expression in Melan-a melanocytes. Smad-binding elements were found in the Myo Va promoter and phosphorylated Smad1/5/8 bind directly to the Myo Va promoter to activate Myo Va transcription and BMP-2 enhances this binding. These findings provide insight into a new role for BMP-2 in Melan-a melanocytes and a mechanism of regulation of Myo Va expression that may be beneficial in the treatment of albinism or hyperpigmentation disorders.
Genetic findings of children with congenital heart diseases using chromosome microarray and trio-based whole exome sequencing
Authors: Guo Rui , Duan Chunhong , Zarrei Mehdi , Reuter Miriam S. , Dong Rui , Zhang Guangye , Yang Xiaomeng , Zhang Haiyang , Wang Ying , Scherer Stephen W. , Liu Yi , Gai Zhongtao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defects. Genetic factors are the important contributor to the etiology of CHD. However, the underlying genetic causes in most individuals remain unclear.
Methods
101 individuals with CHD and their unaffected parents were included in this study. Chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) as a first-tier clinical diagnostic tool was applied for all affected individuals, followed by trio-based whole exome sequencing (WES). The function of the genes involved in the genetic variants in the cohort was analyzed.
Results
We detected aneuploidies in 2 individuals (trisomy 21 and monosomy X), other pathogenic/likely pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) in 20 individuals, and pathogenic /likely pathogenic SNVs/InDels in 9 individuals. The combined genetic diagnostic yield was 30.7%, including 21.8% with chromosomal abnormalities and 8.9% with sequence-level variants. Nineteen CNVs in 19 individuals were associated with 14 recurrent chromosomal microdeletion/microduplication syndromes, the most common being 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic sequence-level variants were identified in nine genes, including GATA6, FLNA, KANSL1, HNRNPK, TRAF7, KAT6A, PKD1L1, RIT1, and SMAD6. The function of the genes involved in the CHD relevant CNVs and SNVs was analyzed indicating enriched genes are mainly associated with development of multiple organs, not only heart, but also brain and endocrine system.
Conclusions
CMA is a first-tier clinical diagnostic test to define the underlying genomic architecture of CHD. Trio-based WES increases the diagnostic yield, and should be part of the diagnostic algorithm. Our study expands the genes interaction networks for genetic study of CHD.
A Novel QCA Fine Grained Array Multiplier using Clock Zone Based Crossover
Authors: karuppiah pandiammal , deivasigamani meganathan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The crossover issues in geometric design complexity and alignment accuracy deter the performance of the Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) digital logic circuits at nano-scale. The proposed novel Fine Grained Array Multiplier (FGAM) architecture conquers fabrication difficulties and optimizes the clock delay usage. The energy dissipation of Processing Element (PE) using Clock Zone-Based Crossover (CZBCO) is 5.4% lesser compared to PE using coplanar design and 6.6% lesser than PE using multilayer design. The performance of the proposed fine-grained array multiplier is validated by considering design complexity, delay, irreversible power dissipation and wire cost. The QCA cost function of the proposed FGAM has outperformed the multiplier implemented in the literature. Thus, the proposed multiplier significantly achieved high device density, reduction of energy dissipation and overcome fabrication difficulties.
Verification of selection trends in interventional treatment for patients with lumbar disc herniation and effects of condoliase therapy.
Authors: Fujimoto Kazuhiro , Suzuki Hidenori , Nishida Norihiro , Funaba Masahiro , Ichihara Yusuke , Ikeda Hiroaki , Imajo Yasuaki , Yamamoto Manabu , Sakai Takashi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study aims to investigate selection trends in treatment for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and the effects of condoliase therapy on muscle weakness. Patients with leg pain caused by LDH who received interventional treatment between September 2017 and August 2022 were included in this study. LDH patients were divided into two groups: an operative treatment group and condoliase therapy group. The period between September 2017 and August 2022 was divided into 5 equal parts and changes in the percentage of intervention treatment were examined. Sex, age, the body mass index (BMI), duration of symptoms, herniation level, and neurological findings were examined in the two groups. Motor recovery was also assessed in the two groups. Subjects included 226 males and 115 females with a mean age of 49.2 years, mean BMI of 22.8, and mean duration of symptoms of 5.0 months. The ratio between operative treatment and condoliase therapy reversed in the third year after the introduction of condoliase therapy. In the fourth year, condoliase therapy became the main treatment for LDH. Lower limb muscle strength improved in 76% of cases receiving condoliase therapy. Condoliase therapy has become an intermediate treatment before surgery in our institutions. Motor recovery in patients receiving condoliase therapy was not inferior to that after surgery; however, in cases with severe muscle weakness with manual muscle testing ≤3, the improvement rate was approximately 60%. These results will be useful for clinicians when providing informed consent and selecting condoliase therapy.
Optical Doppler effect in a ZIM: a new possible way examining applicability of Lorentz transformations in materials
Authors: Chen Jiangwei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
There exist unresolved problems such as Abraham-Minkowski controversy (A-MC) and possibility of superluminal phenomena, which relate to applicability of Lorentz transformations (LTs) in materials. In this work, we shall show that, usually, expression(s) of optical Doppler shift (ODFS) may be obtained on the basis of LTs, which predicts that, in a zero-index metamaterial (ZIM), ODFS holds a nonzero second-order small quantity. Noting the report that, in a ZIM, there is no ODFS observed for a beam of microwave reflected by a moving surface, which indicates preliminarily that applicability of LTs in materials need to be further investigated. On the other hand, drawing lessons from general relativity and combining Fermat’s principle, it is proposed that LTs may be modified as that speed of light in free space should be replaced by phase velocity of light in a medium. Thus another expression of ODFS is obtained, which predicts that, in a ZIM, ODFS equals to zero strictly. This work may provide a new possible way to examine applicability of LTs in materials, and deepen the understanding of foundations of relativity.
PACS: 03.30. +p, 03.50.De
Evaluating Zn ferrite (Zn x Fe 3-x O 4 ; 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) for alkaline water oxidation: electrochemical and operando spectro- electrochemical study
Authors: Soni Amisha , Malviya Manisha , Lal B. , Tiwary Dhanesh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The present research work describes the fabrication of zinc ferrite nanoparticles with varying stoichiometric compositions (ZnxFe3-xO4; x= 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1) and their electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Egg white was employed as a precursor material during the thermal decomposition process to produce the catalysts. OER performances of four synthesized catalysts in the alkaline medium (1.0 M KOH) were investigated by physicochemical (XRD, FTIR and SEM) and electrochemical (CV, EIS, Tafel polarization) techniques. Among four Zn ferrite catalysts of different stoichiometry, just Zn0.25Fe2.75O4 exhibited the optimum catalytic activity, with the current density of 1 mA cm-2 at the overpotential of 454 mV, and with Tafel slope of 107 mVdec-1. The Arrhenius plot was applied to determine thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy and electrochemical entropy of reaction, which were found to be 54.22 kJ mol-1 and -74 J K-1 mol-1, respectively.