bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalized Splines on Graphs with Two Labels and Polynomial Splines on Cycles
Authors: Anderson Portia , Matherne Jacob P. , Tymoczko Julianna 
Published: January 2024

Generalized splines are an algebraic combinatorial framework that generalizes and unifies various established concepts across different fields, most notably the classical notion of splines and the topological notion of GKM theory. The former consists of piecewise polynomials on a combinatorial geometric object like a polytope, whose polynomial pieces agree to a specified degree of differentiability. The latter is a graph-theoretic construction of torus-equivariant cohomology that Shareshian and Wachs used to reformulate the well-known Stanley-Stembridge conjecture, a reformulation that was recently proven to hold by Brosnan and Chow and independently Guay-Paquet.
This paper focuses on the theory of generalized splines. A generalized spline on a graph $G$ with each edge labeled by an ideal in a ring $R$ consists of a vertex-labeling by elements of $R$ so that the labels on adjacent vertices $u, v$ differ by an element of the ideal associated to the edge $uv$. We study the $R$-module of generalized splines and produce minimum generating sets for several families of graphs and edge-labelings: $1)$ for all graphs when the set of possible edge-labelings consists of at most two finitely-generated ideals, and $2)$ for cycles when the set of possible edge-labelings consists of principal ideals generated by elements of the form $(ax+by)^2$ in the polynomial ring $\mathbb{C}[x,y]$. We obtain the generators using a constructive algorithm that is suitable for computer implementation and give several applications, including contextualizing several results in the theory of classical (analytic) splines.
On Extended Boundary Sequences of Morphic and Sturmian Words
Authors: Rigo Michel , Stipulanti Manon , Whiteland Markus 
Published: January 2024

Generalizing the notion of the boundary sequence introduced by Chen and Wen, the $n$th term of the $\ell$-boundary sequence of an infinite word is the finite set of pairs $(u,v)$ of prefixes and suffixes of length $\ell$ appearing in factors $uyv$ of length $n+\ell$ ($n\ge \ell\ge 1$). Otherwise stated, for increasing values of $n$, one looks for all pairs of factors of length $\ell$ separated by $n-\ell$ symbols.
For the large class of addable abstract numeration systems $S$, we show that if an infinite word is $S$-automatic, then the same holds for its $\ell$-boundary sequence. In particular, they are both morphic (or generated by an HD0L system). To precise the limits of this result, we discuss examples of non-addable numeration systems and $S$-automatic words for which the boundary sequence is nevertheless $S$-automatic and conversely, $S$-automatic words with a boundary sequence that is not $S$-automatic. In the second part of the paper, we study the $\ell$-boundary sequence of a Sturmian word. We show that it is obtained through a sliding block code from the characteristic Sturmian word of the same slope.
We also show that it is the image under a morphism of some other characteristic Sturmian word.
Power of $k$ Choices in the Semi-Random Graph Process
Authors: Prałat Paweł , Singh Harjas 
Published: January 2024

The semi-random graph process is a single player game in which the player is initially presented an empty graph on $n$ vertices. In each round, a vertex $u$ is presented to the player independently and uniformly at random. The player then adaptively selects a vertex $v$, and adds the edge $uv$ to the graph. For a fixed monotone graph property, the objective of the player is to force the graph to satisfy this property with high probability in as few rounds as possible.
In this paper, we introduce a natural generalization of this game in which $k$ random vertices $u_1, \ldots, u_k$ are presented to the player in each round. She needs to select one of the presented vertices and connect to any vertex she wants. We focus on the following three monotone properties: minimum degree at least $\ell$, the existence of a perfect matching, and the existence of a Hamiltonian cycle.
Matroid Lifts and Representability
Authors: Bernstein Daniel Irving , Walsh Zach 
Published: January 2024

A 1965 result of Crapo shows that every elementary lift of a matroid $M$ can be constructed from a linear class of circuits of $M$. In a recent paper, Walsh generalized this construction by defining a rank-$k$ lift of a matroid $M$ given a rank-$k$ matroid $N$ on the set of circuits of $M$, and conjectured that all matroid lifts can be obtained in this way. In this sequel paper we simplify Walsh's construction and show that this conjecture is true for representable matroids but is false in general. This gives a new way to certify that a particular matroid is non-representable, which we use to construct new classes of non-representable matroids.
Walsh also applied the new matroid lift construction to gain graphs over the additive group of a non-prime finite field, generalizing a construction of Zaslavsky for these special groups. He conjectured that this construction is possible on three or more vertices only for the additive group of a non-prime finite field. We show that this conjecture holds for four or more vertices, but fails for exactly three.
ظــاهــرة الـتصـادم الاجتـمـاعـي والثـقـافي بــين الـسـائحين والمـجـتمـع
Authors: الـشـاعـث أ. فـاطـمة إبـراهـيـم 
Published: January 2024

تناولت الدراسة موضوعًا مهمًا في علم السياحة الحديثة، وهو ظاهرة التصادم الإجتماعي والثقافي بين السائحين والمجتمع، ويرجع ذلك إلى اختلاف الثقافات؛ لذا فإن تصرفات السواح وأنشطتهم لا تحظى بالمقبولية الإجتماعية للسكان غالبًا، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي في الطرح.
وتقوم الدراسة بتوضيح الأثر الاجتماعي والثقافي للسياحة والعوامل المؤثرة عليه وسرد النواحي الإيجابية والسلبية له، مع توضيح دور الثقافة لاحتواء التصادم والحد منه. وتتطرق الدراسة لبعض المظاهر السلبية للمجتمع اتجاه السواح "ردود الأفعال"، ثم شعور السكان اتجاههم وصولاً إلى التصادم معهم والعلاقات التي تنشأ بينهما، ثم طرح جزئية التصادم (أشكاله – مسبباته – حقيقته)، مع دراسة دور سياسة التوعية الاجتماعية والجهود الدولية المبذولة لإزالة التصادمات وإرساء سُبل التفاهم بين الضيف والمُضيف، ونستنتج أنّ التصادم هو نتاج التباين في المستويات الثقافية والحضارية، ولكن أحيانًا يكون السبب اقتصادي ثم يتحول إلى تصادم اجتماعي لاحقًا.
ونخلص بالقول إنه يمكن للسياحة والقائمين عليها عند إزالتهم لهذه الإشكاليات أن يرتقوا بالعملية السياحية على نحو يتسم بالإثراء والإختلاف الفريد.
التَّكْرار في مُنْصِفة خِداش بن زهير العامريّ،دراسة بلاغيّة أسلوبيّة
Authors: غِرِّيدة أ/حسن محمد  حسن , عمر أ. عثمان سعد علي 
Published: January 2024

يتناول البحث "التَّكْرار في مُنْصِفةِ خِداش بن زهير العامري"، حيث بدأ الباحثان بالتعريف في الجزء النظري بمصطلحات الدراسة وصاحب القصيدة "المنصفة"،ثم أردفاه بالجزء التطبيقي الذي تناولا فيه ظواهر التَّكْرار على صعيد البناء الفنيّ والأغراض ،ثم على صعيد البناء اللُّغوي متمثلاً في الحروف الهجائية والألفاظ والتراكيب والجمل والأساليب ، مُحاوِلَين استجلاء و كشف دلالاتها البلاغيّة والأسلوبيّة في بيان المعاني وتأكيدها وتقريرها في أذهان المتلقين.
Amlodipine inhibits the proliferation and migration of esophageal carcinoma cells through the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Chen Yan-Min , Yang Wen-Qian , Gu Cheng-Wei , Fan Ying-Ying , Liu Yu-Zhen , Zhao Bao-Sheng 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
L-type calcium channels are the only protein channels sensitive to calcium channel blockers, and are expressed in various cancer types. The Cancer Genome Atlas database shows that the mRNA levels of multiple L-type calcium channel subunits in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumor tissue are significantly higher than those in normal esophageal epithelial tissue. Therefore, we hypothesized that amlodipine, a long-acting dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker, may inhibit the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer (EC).
AIM
To investigate the inhibitory effects of amlodipine on EC through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
METHODS
Cav1.3 protein expression levels in 50 pairs of EC tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues were examined. Subsequently, the inhibitory effects of amlodipine on proliferation and migration of EC cells in vitro were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide and Transwell assays. In vivo experiments were performed using murine xenograft model. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, in vitro cell studies were performed to confirm that ER stress plays a role in inhibition proliferation and migration of EC cells treated with amlodipine.
RESULTS
The expression level of Cav1.3 in esophageal carcinoma was 1.6 times higher than that in paracancerous tissues. Amlodipine treatment decreased the viability of esophageal carcinoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In vivo animal experiments also clearly indicated that amlodipine inhibited the growth of EC tumors in mice. Additionally, amlodipine reduces the migration of tumor cells by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that amlodipine induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis and suppresses EMT. Moreover, amlodipine-induced autophagy was characterized by an increase in autophagy lysosomes and the accumulation of light chain 3B protein. The combination of amlodipine with the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid further confirmed the role of the ER stress response in amlodipine-induced apoptosis, EMT, and autophagy. Furthermore, blocking autophagy increases the ratio of apoptosis and migration.
CONCLUSION
Collectively, we demonstrate for the first time that amlodipine promotes apoptosis, induces autophagy, and inhibits migration through ER stress, thereby exerting anti-tumor effects in EC.
Current status of magnetic resonance imaging radiomics in hepatocellular carcinoma: A quantitative review with Radiomics Quality Score
Authors: Brancato Valentina , Cerrone Marco , Garbino Nunzia , Salvatore Marco , Cavaliere Carlo 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Radiomics is a promising tool that may increase the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for different tasks related to the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its implementation in clinical practice is still far, with many issues related to the methodological quality of radiomic studies.
AIM
To systematically review the current status of MRI radiomic studies concerning HCC using the Radiomics Quality Score (RQS).
METHODS
A systematic literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases was performed to identify original articles focusing on the use of MRI radiomics for HCC management published between 2017 and 2023. The methodological quality of radiomic studies was assessed using the RQS tool. Spearman’s correlation (ρ) analysis was performed to explore if RQS was correlated with journal metrics and characteristics of the studies. The level of statistical signi-ficance was set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS
One hundred and twenty-seven articles were included, of which 43 focused on HCC prognosis, 39 on prediction of pathological findings, 16 on prediction of the expression of molecular markers outcomes, 18 had a diagnostic purpose, and 11 had multiple purposes. The mean RQS was 8 ± 6.22, and the corresponding percentage was 24.15% ± 15.25% (ranging from 0.0% to 58.33%). RQS was positively correlated with journal impact factor (IF; ρ = 0.36, P = 2.98 × 10-5), 5-years IF (ρ = 0.33, P = 1.56 × 10-4), number of patients included in the study (ρ = 0.51, P < 9.37 × 10-10) and number of radiomics features extracted in the study (ρ = 0.59, P < 4.59 × 10-13), and time of publication (ρ = -0.23, P < 0.0072).
CONCLUSION
Although MRI radiomics in HCC represents a promising tool to develop adequate personalized treatment as a noninvasive approach in HCC patients, our study revealed that studies in this field still lack the quality required to allow its introduction into clinical practice.
Ant colony optimization for parallel test assembly
Authors: Zimny Luc , Schroeders Ulrich , Wilhelm Oliver 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAnt colony optimization (ACO) algorithms have previously been used to compile single short scales of psychological constructs. In the present article, we showcase the versatility of the ACO to construct multiple parallel short scales that adhere to several competing and interacting criteria simultaneously. Based on an initial pool of 120 knowledge items, we assembled three 12-item tests that (a) adequately cover the construct at the domain level, (b) follow a unidimensional measurement model, (c) allow reliable and (d) precise measurement of factual knowledge, and (e) are gender-fair. Moreover, we aligned the test characteristic and test information functions of the three tests to establish the equivalence of the tests. We cross-validated the assembled short scales and investigated their association with the full scale and covariates that were not included in the optimization procedure. Finally, we discuss potential extensions to metaheuristic test assembly and the equivalence of parallel knowledge tests in general.
Pensamiento computacional en la política pública educativa de Colombia
Authors: Felizzola Medina Luz Darys , Licona Suarez Levinton José , Vásquez Acevedo Hanine María 
Published: January 2024

La era de la Revolución Industrial 4.0, destacada por la proliferación y sinergia de la información como avance tecnológico propicia para el desarrollo de competencias del recurso humano que requieren las organizaciones a nivel mundial, devela la necesidad de potenciar la competencia del Pensamiento Computacional desde los espacios educativos, puesto que su esencia es la resolución de problemas, fundamentada en procesos de pensamiento y estrategias en el campo de la tecnología y computación (Zapata-Ros, 2018). De allí que, el presente artículo tiene como propósito analizar la política pública colombiana para el desarrollo del Pensamiento Computacional en la educación básica y media en Colombia, por ello se realiza un estudio de carácter cualitativo, hermenéutico, basado en el corpus de análisis documental de contenido e interpretación profunda de las “Orientaciones Curriculares para el Área de Tecnología e Informática en la Educación Básica y Media”, y las “Orientaciones para la Articulación del Pensamiento Computacional con el Plan de Estudios de Matemáticas”, emitidas por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN) y Ministerio de tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (MINTIC), en convenio con el Bristisch Council. Para el mismo, se asume como categoría principal el Pensamiento Computacional; y como subcategorías: la alfabetización digital y la resolución de problemas. Vale la pena destacar que en este estudio se evidencia la complementariedad entre los documentos, la resolución de problemas es el eje de ambos, uno se enfoca en alfabetización digital y el otro en Pensamiento Computacional.
Neurofisiología de la oclusión: Disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular en adultos que visitan al odontólogo
Authors: Rangel Castro Michelle del Carmen 
Published: January 2024

El sistema estomatognático no es más que todas las partes que utilizamos de la cara, cabeza y cuello para realizar funciones vitales como las de alimentación, fonación y estética. Este sistema se le conoce como el Aparato Masticador o Sistema Gnático y constituye la base de la definición de los conceptos de normalidad, patogénesis, tratamiento y prevención de las enfermedades buco dentales. Los elementos constitutivos del sistema Gnático son: los dientes y sus estructuras de soporte; maxilares y algunos huesos del cráneo y la cara; músculos de la cabeza y cuello; articulaciones témpormandibulares (ATM) y occipito-atloidea; sistema vascular nervioso y linfático que corresponden a los tejidos antes mencionados, Hoffman Ramfjord & Ash, 1972; Vartam 19741. Todos los elementos mencionados anteriormente son indispensables y se relacionan íntimamente con el resto del organismo y, por ende, con el estado de salud en general de un individuo. Sin embargo, debemos resaltar al Sistema Muscular de la cabeza y cuello, pues, es en ese punto en donde se pueden encontrar la mayoría de las afectaciones o sintomatologías de los pacientes con mala mordida (oclusión), que conllevan a una disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular. La relación armoniosa y la estabilidad de los componentes musculares van a depender de la relación que existe entre la ATM y sus movimientos, con los dientes y su morfología oclusal. En el presente artículo intentaremos resumir como desde el punto de vista de la anatomía descriptiva, no se habían tomado en cuenta para determinar patología y estados de enfermedades comunes como los dolores de cabeza, de oído, del cuello, del hombro y de la parte alta de la espalda.
Prevención de patologías y relevancia de las estructuras anatómicas en la ejecución de los instrumentos musicales, caso: Fundación de música y arte de Panamá
Authors: Suncín Miguel Ángel 
Published: January 2024

Muchas estructuras anatómicas intervienen durante la interpretación musical. Desde la respiración, cuya fisiología involucra estructuras anatómicas como los pulmones, junto a los músculos respiratorios; las estructuras maxilofaciales como la articulación temporomandibular, en conjunto con los músculos masticadores, la lengua y el orbicular de la boca; los miembros superiores, sus articulaciones y musculatura, y, por último, la columna vertebral y los músculos del dorso. En conjunto, estas estructuras son el engranaje perfecto que permite la interpretación musical; sin embargo, representan a su vez el blanco para ser víctimas de patologías asociadas al uso excesivo de cualquiera de ellas. Fisioterapéuticamente, conocer estas patologías nos permitirá elaborar protocolos de prevención y atención de las lesiones, de rehabilitación y mantenimiento del estado de salud de las estructuras involucradas. Esta investigación se encuentra actualmente en periodo de ejecución, sin embargo, después de la revisión literaria, y una observación grosso modo de los músicos al momento de la interpretación, podemos decir que sí hay actividad de los músculos respiratorios, el diafragma, músculo orbicular de la boca, articulación temporomandibular, articulaciones y músculos del miembro superior y de los músculos del dorso, y también de la columna vertebral. En conclusión, todas estas estructuras están expuestas a sufrir lesiones por fatiga o sobre carga muscular.
Double Neutron Star Mergers: Are Late-time Radio Signals Overestimated?
Authors: Li Shao-Ze , Yu Yun-Wei , Gao He , Lan Lin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The coalescence of binary neutron stars can yield the expulsion of a fast-moving, quasi-isotropic material, which may induce thermal radiation and give rise to kilonova emission. Moreover, the interaction between the ejected material and the surrounding environment generates an external shock, which can result in a long-lasting radio signal that persists for several decades following the merger. In contrast to supernova ejecta, the kilonova ejecta exhibits a relatively lesser mass and higher velocity, and its expansion may ultimately result in the ejecta density becoming so low that the medium particles can freely pass through the ejecta. It would thereby lead to a kind of incomplete sweeping on the interstellar medium. Employing a toy model, our investigation reveals that such incomplete sweeping may considerably diminish the late-time radio radiation power, irrespective of whether the binary neutron star merger results in the formation of a black hole or a neutron star. Our findings thus imply that the previously reported radio upper limits for certain short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may not necessarily place stringent constraints on the presence of a long-lived magnetar remnant in these short GRBs.
Flashlights: Properties of Highly Magnified Images Near Cluster Critical Curves in the Presence of Dark Matter Subhalos
Authors: Williams Liliya L. R. , Kelly Patrick L. , Treu Tommaso , Amruth Alfred , Diego Jose M. , Li Sung Kei , Meena Ashish K. , Zitrin Adi , Broadhurst Thomas J. , Filippenko Alexei V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Dark matter subhalos with extended profiles and density cores, and globular star clusters of mass 106–108
M
⊙ that live near the critical curves in galaxy cluster lenses can potentially be detected through their lensing magnification of stars in background galaxies. In this work, we study the effect such subhalos have on lensed images, and compare to the case of more well-studied microlensing by stars and black holes near critical curves. We find that the cluster density gradient and the extended mass distribution of subhalos are important in determining image properties. Both lead to an asymmetry between the image properties on the positive- and negative-parity sides of the cluster that is more pronounced than in the case of microlensing. For example, on the negative-parity side, subhalos with cores larger than about 50 pc do not generate any images with magnification above ∼100 outside of the immediate vicinity of the cluster critical curve. We discuss these factors using analytical and numerical analysis, and exploit them to identify observable signatures of subhalos: Subhalos create pixel-to-pixel flux variations of ≳0.1 mag on the positive-parity side of clusters. These pixels tend to cluster around (otherwise invisible) subhalos. Unlike in the case of microlensing, signatures of subhalo lensing can be found up to 1″ away from the critical curves of massive clusters.
Accessing the Host Galaxies of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts with Next-generation Telescopes
Authors: Lan Guang-Xuan , Li Ye , Li Zhuo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a method to estimate the detection expectations of host galaxies of long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) in the grizJHKL bands. It is found that given the same limiting magnitude

m

grizJHKL
,
lim

in each band, the z band produces the largest number of overall LGRB hosts and low-mass hosts (M
* ≤ 108
M
⊙) at

m

grizJHKL
,
lim

≳
26

mag. For the detection of high-redshift LGRB hosts (redshift ≥5), it is recommended to prioritize the L band, due to its good performance at both low and high limiting magnitudes. We specifically estimate the expectation of LGRB host detection with

m

grizJHKL
,
lim

=
28

mag, which the James Webb Space Telescope can partially attain. We find that there may exist 116, 259, 277, 439, 266, 294, 274, and 316 LGRB hosts, including 0.54, 31, 28, 143, 12, 20, 14, and 35 low-mass ones in the grizJHKL bands and 13, 14, 15, 14, and 15 high-redshift ones in the zJHKL bands, for 15 yr Swift LGRBs with S ≥ 10−6 erg cm−2. The results show that the study of LGRB hosts under next-generation observational conditions holds significant potential, especially for low-mass host studies. However, it appears that the deeper sensitivities of galaxy telescopes may not significantly enhance statistical studies of high-redshift hosts. Strategies aimed at increasing the number of distant LGRB hosts may require the expansion of high-redshift LGRB detections.
Nourritures gaspillées, pauvreté, faim. Notes de réflexion pour la géographie sociale
Authors: Gamberoni Emanuela 
Published: January 2024

Le développement économique et du confort produit de meilleures conditions de vie et une augmentation de la consommation. Cela provoque un comportement moins mesuré de l’usage des ressources et une augmentation de la production des rejets. Néanmoins, la crise de l’environnement, les difficultés économiques, le grand nombre de pauvres dans le monde et le problème de la faim appellent la communauté mondiale à adopter de nouvelles actions pour s’opposer aux gaspillages. Dignes d’attention sont alors les expériences – internationales et italiennes – qui visent à contenir le gaspillage alimentaire.