bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developments and current status of cell‐free DNA in the early detection and management of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Du Sihao , Cao Ke , Yan Yadong , Wang Yupeng , Wang Zhenshun , Lin Dongdong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNowadays, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still a major threat to human health globally, with a disappointing prognosis. Regular monitoring of patients at high risk, utilizing abdominal ultrasonography combined with alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) serum analysis, enables the early detection of potentially treatable tumors. However, the approach has limitations due to its lack of sensitivity. Meanwhile, the current standard procedure for obtaining a tumor biopsy in cases of HCC is invasive and lacks the ability to assess the dynamic progression of cancer or account for tumor heterogeneity. Hence, there is a pressing need to develop non‐invasive, highly sensitive biomarkers for HCC which can improve the accuracy of early diagnosis, assess treatment response and accurately predict the prognosis. In contrast to the conventional method of tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy offers a non‐invasive approach that can be readily repeated. As a liquid biopsy approach, the analysis of cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) offers real‐time insights that can accurately portray the tumor burden and provide a comprehensive depiction of the genetic profile associated with HCC. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the recent research findings pertaining to the significance and potential practicality of cfDNA analysis in the early detection and effective management of HCC.
Extending theoretical explanations for gendered divisions of care during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: André Stéfanie , Remery Chantal , Yerkes Mara A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis article extends pre‐pandemic theories, empirically testing the salience of pandemic‐based absolute and relative resources and time availability mechanisms for understanding gendered divisions of childcare across the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundMultiple cross‐sectional studies have examined gender differences in pandemic divisions of childcare, yet few longitudinal studies exist, particularly using pandemic‐specific theoretical mechanisms.MethodThe authors used five waves (six data points, April 2020–November 2021) of probability‐based longitudinal data from the Netherlands to estimate fixed‐effects regression models (person‐wave data; 2165 mothers and 1839 fathers) to analyze the division of childcare.ResultsEssential occupation was associated with a relative decrease in childcare tasks for mothers but not fathers. Mothers whose partner worked in an essential occupation experienced a relative increase in childcare tasks. Time availability also mattered; primarily for fathers. Working from home was associated with a relative increase in father's involvement in childcare, whereas an increase in work hours was associated with a decrease. Unemployment affected mothers only and was associated with an increase in relative childcare.ConclusionHaving an essential occupation potentially functioned as a new resource for some mothers to bargain for more gender‐egalitarian divisions of care but also reaffirmed the relative importance of men's paid employment over that of women's in shaping divisions of care. Time availability played a role in divisions of care during the pandemic, but mostly for fathers.ImplicationsThe findings extend traditional resources and time availability theories to explain pandemic‐based gender differences in the division of care across the pandemic.
Evaluating the impact of scan body angulation and geometric attachments on the accuracy of complete‐arch digital implant impressions: A comparison of two intraoral scanners
Authors: Farah Ra'fat I. , Alresheedi Bandar , Alazmi Saad , Al‐Haj Ali Sanaa N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effects of scan body (SB) angulation and geometric attachments (GAs) on the deviations of complete‐arch digital implant impressions obtained using intraoral scanners (IOSs), in relation to the gold‐standard desktop scanner.Material and methodsTwo IOSs (iTero and Omnicam), two SB angulations (0 degrees and 30 degrees), and GAs for the SBs were investigated. SBs were attached to an edentulous maxillary cast with the following implant analogs: parallel 0‐degree at positions #13, #23, and #26, and 30‐degree posteriorly tilted at position #16. The cast was digitized using a reference desktop scanner, followed by ten consecutive digital scans using each IOS (five scans with GAs and five without GAs, n = 20). Meshes obtained from the IOS scans were superimposed on the master reference mesh. Linear distance and 3D surface deviations from the reference mesh were calculated. A three‐way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was employed to assess the effects of angulation, IOS type, and GAs on the combined dependent variables (α = 0.05).ResultsNo significant three‐way interaction was observed between IOS type, SB angulation, and GAs for combined deviations from the reference scan (p = 0.56). Simple main effect analysis revealed that iTero exhibited significantly lower mean 3D surface and linear deviations than Omnicam (p < 0.05). Additionally, the use of GAs significantly reduced deviations (p < 0.001), with mean deviation reductions for both scanners ranging from 26–33 micrometers (µm) for 3D deviations and 15–21 µm for linear distance deviations. No differences were found between angled and parallel SBs regarding 3D surface and linear distance deviations (p ≥ 0.05).ConclusionsITero demonstrated significantly smaller deviations, and the use of GAs led to significantly reduced distance and 3D surface deviations. SB angulations did not impact scan deviations.
Development and Validation of the Japanese Version of the Langer Mindfulness Scale
Authors: Yang Fan , Sawada Nanami , Oshio Atsushi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMeasures for meditative mindfulness have been developed and validated. However, relatively little attention is paid to a socio‐cognitive definition of mindfulness, also known as Langerian mindfulness. Socio‐cognitive mindfulness is an indispensable perspective for studying mindfulness within a social context. In this research, we conducted one pilot and two formal studies online, with a total of 831 Japanese participants, to develop and validate the Japanese version of the Langer Mindfulness Scale (LMS‐J). In the pilot study, we confirm the dimensionality via exploratory factor analysis. In Study 1, confirmatory factor analysis and test–retest reliability based on a 4‐week interval were performed. In Study 2, convergent and discriminant validity were tested by examining the relationships between Langerian and meditative mindfulness, Big Five personality traits, and life satisfaction. Overall, the results suggest that the factor structure of the LMS‐J is similar to its original version, and the LMS‐J is a reliable and valid measure. Therefore, the LMS‐J can be used to measure Langerian mindfulness in the Japanese population, especially for research in individual development within a social context.
Post‐traumatic stress trajectories of children and their parents over the year following intensive care discharge: A secondary analysis
Authors: Colville Gillian , Pierce Christine M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundNew research in the field of psychological trauma has emphasized (a) the heterogeneity of psychological reactions after traumatic events and (b) the existence of distinct symptom trajectories.AimsIn this study, existing data on post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in 66 parent–child dyads were re‐examined in the light of this literature in order to establish whether a similar pattern of symptom trajectories also applies to this population.Study DesignA prospective observational cohort study. Participants' PTSD symptoms were assessed 3 and 12 months after discharge from a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU), using a short form of the Davidson Trauma Scale with parents and the Child Revised Impact of Events Scale with children aged 7–17 years.ResultsResults confirmed that the majority of children (58%) and parents (46%) exhibited a ‘Resilient’ PTSD trajectory over the year, in the sense that their scores remained in the non‐clinical range at both timepoints. Children displaying a ‘Resilient’ trajectory were more likely to have a parent who also displayed a ‘Resilient’ trajectory (p = .018). However, there was also evidence of a ‘Recovery’ trajectory in a significant minority in this sample and over 1 in 4 children and parents exhibited a ‘Chronic’ or ‘Delayed’ symptom trajectory.ConclusionsAlthough average PTSD scores reduced over time in this sample and ‘Resilient’ trajectories were common, a significant proportion of children and parents exhibited ‘Chronic’ and ‘Delayed’ symptom trajectories.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThese results suggest that, although the majority do well, a significant number of children and family members may develop chronic or delayed symptoms of PTSD in the year following PICU discharge. The monitoring of individual family members' symptoms beyond 3 months post‐discharge may help to determine those who might most benefit from further support.
Accuracy of patient‐reported bowel symptoms for fecal incontinence: Historical recall versus prospective evaluation
Authors: Hudgi Amit , Yan Yun , Ayyala Deepak , Rao Satish S. C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionFecal incontinence (FI) is characterized by both irregular and unpredictable bowel symptoms. An accurate history of symptoms is important for diagnosis and guiding management. Whether a patient's history of bowel symptoms is reliable or if there is recall bias is unknown.AimTo evaluate the accuracy of FI symptoms based on patient's recall compared with a prospective stool diary.MethodsFI (Rome IV) patients completed a bowel questionnaire that included leakage episodes and stool consistency. Subsequently they completed a one‐week FI stool diary. Agreement and correlation between historical recall and stool diary were compared.ResultsOne hundred patients participated. On average they reported 12 bowel movements (BMs) and five FI episodes per week. Fifty‐two percent had completed under‐graduation, 33% high school and 15% postgraduation. Using recall, 23% of patients accurately reported the number of FI episodes, whereas 41% underestimated and 36% overestimated its prevalence compared to the FI diary. Similarly, the concordance for the number of BMs was 30%, urgency was 54%, amount of stool leakage was 16%, and stool consistency was 12.5%. The concordance for nocturnal FI events, use of pads and lack of stool awareness were 63%, 75%, and 66.6% respectively.ConclusionThere is poor concordance for key bowel symptoms including the number of FI episodes as reported by FI patients, suggesting significant recall bias. Thus, historical recall of chronic FI symptoms may be less accurate. A prospective stool diary could provide more accurate information for the evaluation of FI patients.
Gendered geographies of resistance, resilience and reworking in Aotearoa feminist geography scholarship
Authors: Adams‐Hutcheson Gail , Johnston Lynda , Ringham Sandi ,   as part of Gender and Geography in Aotearoa (GAGA) NZGS Specialty Group
Published: November 2023

AbstractAotearoa New Zealand feminist geographies involve alliances of connected and vibrant researchers who pay close attention to the politics of knowledge production, power, intersectionality and decolonisation. Safe spaces to speak and write together have been nurtured over time ‘down under’ due to a collective politics of care and mentoring. This special issue demonstrates the strength of collective thinking on resistance, resilience and reworking contemporary geographical practice in Aotearoa. The four empirically based and theoretically informed articles develop new thinking about resistance to colonialism, patriarchy, racism, metricisation and oppression. These critical articles contribute to feminist geographical knowledges both locally and globally.
Heart rate variability: Evaluating a potential biomarker of anxiety disorders
Authors: Tomasi Julia , Zai Clement C. , Pouget Jennie G. , Tiwari Arun K. , Kennedy James L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEstablishing quantifiable biological markers associated with anxiety will increase the objectivity of phenotyping and enhance genetic research of anxiety disorders. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a physiological measure reflecting the dynamic relationship between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, and is a promising target for further investigation. This review summarizes evidence evaluating HRV as a potential physiological biomarker of anxiety disorders by highlighting literature related to anxiety and HRV combined with investigations of endophenotypes, neuroimaging, treatment response, and genetics. Deficient HRV shows promise as an endophenotype of pathological anxiety and may serve as a noninvasive index of prefrontal cortical control over the amygdala, and potentially aid with treatment outcome prediction. We propose that the genetics of HRV can be used to enhance the understanding of the genetics of pathological anxiety for etiological investigations and treatment prediction. Given the anxiety–HRV link, strategies are offered to advance genetic analytical approaches, including the use of polygenic methods, wearable devices, and pharmacogenetic study designs. Overall, HRV shows promising support as a physiological biomarker of pathological anxiety, potentially in a transdiagnostic manner, with the heart–brain entwinement providing a novel approach to advance anxiety treatment development.
Post‐attachment resistance to Striga hermonthica in finger millet (Eleusine coracana)
Authors: Kunguni Josephine S. , Kibet Willy , Oduori Chrispus O. , Dida Mathews M. , Anami Sylvester , Kilian Benjamin , Mutuku Josiah M. , Runo Steve , Odeny Damaris A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFinger millet is a highly nutritious and climate‐resilient cereal crop. Despite its importance, finger millet productivity in East Africa trails other cereals due to several biotic and abiotic factors, including the parasitic weed, Striga hermonthica. Striga spp. are noxious parasitic weeds whose damage can result in 100% yield losses in sub‐Saharan Africa. The objective of our study was to determine differences in post‐attachment responses of a selection of genotypes. We germinated finger millet in Petri dishes, transferred them to rhizotrons and infected the roots with Striga that had been pre‐conditioned for 7 days at 30°C and subsequently pre‐germinated using GR24. Histological analysis was done on three distinct genotypes to determine the host–pathogen interactions. The attachment of Striga onto the host was observed 3 days after inoculation. LESK10, a wild genotype, and OKHALE1 (cultivated) consistently supported fewer Striga plants after inoculation, while GBK029646A, a cultivated finger millet, consistently supported the highest. Histological analysis recorded an incompatible reaction in both OKHALE1 and LESK10 and a compatible reaction in GBK029646A as early as 3 days after infection. Our results suggest the likely existence of novel resistance in crop wild relatives that will be valuable for developing durable resistance to Striga in elite finger millet varieties.
Elliptic bihamiltonian structures from relative shifted Poisson structures
Authors: Hua Zheng , Polishchuk Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, generalizing our previous construction, we equip the relative moduli stack of complexes over a Calabi–Yau fibration (possibly with singular fibers) with a shifted Poisson structure. Applying this construction to the anticanonical linear systems on surfaces, we get examples of compatible Poisson brackets on projective spaces extending Feigin–Odesskii Poisson brackets. Computing explicitly the corresponding compatible brackets coming from Hirzebruch surfaces, we recover the brackets defined by Odesskii–Wolf.
Pool Boiling of CNT + GO Nanomaterial–Coated Copper Substrate: An Experimental Study
Authors: Kumar Ranjan , Sen Dipak , Mandal S. K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNanoparticle coating on copper substrates like carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene oxide (GO) is a promising method to enhance the surface properties as well as improve the boiling heat transfer characteristics. The main objective of the present investigation is to study the influence of the nanocomposite coating on the performance of pool boiling heat transfer. CNT + GO nanomaterials are coated on copper substrates via the dip coating method by varying the concentration of the nanomaterial. Morphological analysis, surface roughness, and wettability behavior of the coating are also observed. The result shows that CNT + GO increases the surface roughness of the samples, and the coated samples are superhydrophilic in nature. Compared with the uncoated sample, the coated sample shows the maximum increase in critical heat flux and heat transfer coefficient is 145.76% and 259.08%, respectively. A high-speed camera is used to study the bubble dynamics. Bubble diameter, departure frequency, and site density are also calculated and presented.
Effectiveness of an online management platform (Joint Cloud) versus standard process for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: study protocol for a prospective randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Shuhao , Ma He , Wang Lei , Wang Maopeng , Li Bing , Liu Jun 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main causes of mobility impairment in the elderly worldwide. Therefore, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is often performed and is one of the most successful surgery and has resulted in substantial quality-of-life gains for people with end-stage arthritis. There is still room for improvement in the standard treatment process in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative period of TKA. Telerehabilitation has the potential to become a positive alternative to face-to-face rehabilitation nowadays. But it remains unclear how well telemedicine interventions cover the entire surgical pathway (preoperation, intraoperation, postoperation). This study aims to explore the effectiveness of Joint Cloud (JC, an online management platform) compared with existing standard process in regulating functional recovery, pain management, muscle strength changes and other health-related outcomes in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty preoperation, intraoperation and postoperation.Methods and analysisA randomised controlled trial was designed to compare the online management platform (JC) with standard process (SP) in patients undergoing TKA. A total of 186 TKA patients will be randomly assigned to the intervention (n=93) or control (n=93) group. Patients in the intervention group will receive access to the ‘JC’ mini-program. This mini-program provides popular science information (eg, information about OA and TKA), functional exercise information and communication channels. Patients evaluate their condition and functional level through standardised digital questionnaires. The control group of patients will not accept any functions of this mini-program. The primary outcome is knee functional recovery, and the secondary outcomes are pain management, isometric knee extensor muscle strength, patient satisfaction and cost-benefit analysis. Assessments will be performed 1 month and 3 days before surgery (T0) and 1 month and 3 months after surgery. Data analysis will be performed according to the intent-to-treat (ITT) principle. Repeated measures of linear mixed models and parametric and non-parametric testing will be used for statistical analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study was reviewed and approved by the Tianjin Hospital Medical Ethics Review Committee on 10 February 2023 (2022YLS155). Test data are considered highly sensitive but are available upon request. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300068486.
Accelerometer derived physical activity and subclinical coronary and carotid atherosclerosis: cross-sectional analyses in 22 703 middle-aged men and women in the SCAPIS study
Authors: Ekblom-Bak Elin , Börjesson Mats , Ekblom Örjan , Angerås Oskar , Bergman Frida , Berntsson Caroline , Carlhäll Carl-Johan , Engström Gunnar , Engvall Jan , Fagman Erika , Flinck Agneta , Johansson Peter , Jujic Amra , Kero Tanja , Lind Lars , Mannila Maria , Ostenfeld Ellen , Persson Anders , Persson Jonas , Persson Margaretha , Redfors Björn , Sandberg Camilla , Wennberg Patrik , Öhlin Jerry , Östgren Carl Johan , Jernberg Tomas 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe aim included investigation of the associations between sedentary (SED), low-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids and the estimated difference in prevalence by theoretical reallocation of time in different PA behaviours.DesignCross-sectional.SettingMultisite study at university hospitals.ParticipantsA total of 22 670 participants without cardiovascular disease (51% women, 57.4 years, SD 4.3) from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage study were included. SED, LIPA and MVPA were assessed by hip-worn accelerometer.Primary and secondary outcomesAny and significant subclinical coronary atherosclerosis (CA), Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS) and carotid atherosclerosis (CarA) were derived from imaging data from coronary CT angiography and carotid ultrasound.ResultsHigh daily SED (>70% ≈10.5 hours/day) associated with a higher OR 1.44 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.91), for significant CA, and with lower OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95), for significant CarA. High LIPA (>55% ≈8 hours/day) associated with lower OR for significant CA 0.70 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.96), and CACS, 0.71 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.97), but with higher OR for CarA 1.41 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.76). MVPA above reference level, >2% ≈20 min/day, associated with lower OR for significant CA (OR range 0.61–0.67), CACS (OR range 0.71–0.75) and CarA (OR range 0.72–0.79). Theoretical replacement of 30 min of SED into an equal amount of MVPA associated with lower OR for significant CA, especially in participants with high SED 0.84 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.96) or low MVPA 0.51 (0.36 to 0.73).ConclusionsMVPA was associated with a lower risk for significant atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids, while the association varied in strength and direction for SED and LIPA, respectively. If causal, clinical implications include avoiding high levels of daily SED and low levels of MVPA to reduce the risk of developing significant subclinical atherosclerosis.