bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial profile and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of pus in Dhaka National Medical Institute Hospital
Authors: Jahan Sharmin , Sarker Anima Rani , Ahmed Belal , Jahan Shamima 
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To assess the causative bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of different bacteria isolated from pus.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December, 2014 to assess the bacterial profile isolated from pus from the patients of Microbiology department of Dhaka National Medical Institute Hospital. Data were collected by interviewer administered questionnaire. The pus was collected by sterile cotton swab. Bacteria were cultured and sensitivity pattern was examined.
Results: A total of 149 patients were included in this study with the average age of 32.5 years. More than half of them (64.4%) were female. Half of the respondents (49.7%) were admitted in hospital. Higher portion of the respondents had history of operative treatment under surgery (44%), gynecology (36%) and other departments. Higher portion (30%) of the specimens was collected from abdomen. Among 149 isolates, organisms were revealed from 112 (75%) specimens. S. aureus was the most frequently isolated bacteria constituting 55 (49%) isolates, followed by E. coli 23 (20.5%) isolates. Gram positive bacteria were highly sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid and fusidic acid. They were resistant to amoxicillin and ceftazidine. Gram negative bacteria were highly sensitive to amikacin, imipenem&tazopiperacillin. They showed resistance to amoxicillin, cephradine, cefuroxime and cotrimoxazole.
Conclusion: Pus was caused predominantly by Gram positive organism specially S. aureus. The bacteria were showing resistant to popular antibiotic. Appropriate antibiotic coverage is needed to avoid development of the resistant organisms
J.Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2015; 21 (02): 19-23
Subarachnoid block versus general anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy-A comparative study
Authors: Islam Md  Manowarul , Hossain Md Iqbal , Tarek Md  Refat Uddin , Razon Syed Mazhar Hossain , Ahmed Iqbal 
Published: February 2025

Background: Subarachnoid block in selected cases is a safer alternative to general anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy because of advantages of neuraxial block over general anaesthesia.
Objective: The aim of study is to compare the outcome of patients between subarachnoid block and general anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Methods: Sixty patients aged 20-50 years of ASA grade I & II for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal and general anaesthesia were randomly selected equally into two groups:
SA group: Spinal Aneasthesia group (n=30)
GA Group: General anaesthesia group (n=30)
Using CO2 pneumoperitoneum intra-abdominal pressure in SA group was kept at 10mmHg (Low) while in GA group was at 15mmHg (High). All patients in SA group were sedated after adequate block (T5).
Parametric data like pulse and blood pressure were analyzed by ANOVA test & nonparametric data like abdominal discomfort, right shoulder pain, nausea, vomiting were analyzed by chi-square test.
Results: The study revealed that one patient in SA group required conversion to GA. Per operatively in SA group hypotension was recorded in 10% of patients while in GA group it was 6.6%. On the other hand In SA group 10% of patients had vomiting, 10% experienced right shoulder pain. Postoperatively in GA group 20% of patients had vomiting, 10% of patients had right shoulder pain and 90% patients required injectable analgesics in the immediate postoperative period. On the other hand in SA group no patient had right shoulder pain, 3.3% of patients had vomiting, 6.6% of patients had post dural puncture headache. Average time of stay in hospital in both groups was 1.9 days.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that laparoscopic cholecystectomy under SA with low pressure CO2 pneumoperitoneum is a safer alternative to GA because there is no intubation related airway morbidity & mortality,optimum muscle relaxation,decreased surgical bed oozing, economical, pain free early postoperative period, more rapid return of gut function and decreased postoperative nausea & vomiting.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2015; 21 (02): 38-41
Merancang Sistem Informasi Kantin Mbak Bet Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau Untuk Meningkatkan Promosi
Authors: Raifan Farel , Daud Daudi , Sundari Fitriani , Kartika Fakhri Nazif 
Published: February 2025

The Muhammadiyah Riau University Canteen "Mbak Bet" has been operating for 14 years since 2010. This canteen provides a variety of food and beverage menus to meet the needs of campus residents. However, the large number of competitors, limited promotions, and uncertain class schedules cause customers who come to the campus canteen to vary every day, making it difficult to predict income. Based on these problems, the purpose of this research is to create an information system that can increase promotion. The system designed is based on a website that can be accessed by customers and canteen owners. The method used is linear sequential. The result of this research is a canteen information system that contains canteen profile information, menus, and promos. The implementation of this system is expected to help the canteen in promoting the menu and increasing customers.
Lower Extremity Electromyography During Submaximal Squats with Varying Moments of Inertia
Authors: Mitchinson Clara J. , Caruso John , Best Stuart , Bollinger Lance 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: Spaceflight impairs muscle size, strength, recruitment, and aerobic capacity. Flywheel-based inertial training (FIT) has been used as a countermeasure to preserve muscle strength and size. The objective of this study was to determine how submaximal FIT squats with varying moments of inertia (MOI) affects lower extremity muscle recruitment.
METHODS: Subjects (7 men, 7 women) completed FIT squats with various MOI: 0.000, 0.005, 0.010, 0.015, and 0.020 kg · m−2 (stages 1–5, respectively) at a pace of 50 squats/min for 3 min each. Electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lateralis, gluteus maximus (GM), biceps femoris, and soleus (SOL) were measured and normalized to maximal effort. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance.
RESULTS: Peak EMG amplitude [effect size (ES): 0.75–1.43] and integrated EMG activity (ES: 0.73–1.24) for all muscles increased linearly across MOI. Mean eccentric EMG amplitude was greater than concentric for the vastus lateralis (19–63% greater; ES: 1.58). A significant phase × MOI interaction was noted for the GM and SOL (ES: 1.27 and 2.08, respectively) where greater MOI preferentially increased eccentric EMG amplitude.
DISCUSSION: Increasing MOI increases EMG amplitude of hip extensors, knee extensors, and plantarflexors during submaximal FIT squats in the concentric and eccentric phases. At higher MOI, EMG amplitude is preferentially increased in GM and SOL, especially in the eccentric phase. Submaximal FIT squats can be performed for up to 3 min continuously with active concentric and eccentric phases. This training modality may concomitantly preserve muscle and cardiorespiratory fitness during unloading but this remains to be tested.
Mitchinson CJ, Caruso J, Best S, Bollinger L. Lower extremity electromyography during submaximal squats with varying moments of inertia. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2025; 96(2):93–100.
Factors Contributing to Fatalities in Helicopter Emergency Medical Service Accidents
Authors: Korentsides Jenna , Keebler Joseph R. , Berezovski Mihhail , Chaparro Alex 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to update and reinforce previous research on helicopter emergency medical service accidents in the United States. By investigating predictors of fatalities after helicopter emergency medical service crashes through the application of machine learning techniques, we updated existing data sets and sought to uncover patterns that traditional analysis might not reveal.
METHODS: Using the National Transportation Safety Board database, the authors analyzed a dataset of 267 helicopter emergency medical service accidents between 1991–2022. We first calculated fatalities odds ratios for each condition. We then plotted geospatial locations of all reported accidents. Finally, we used XGBoost regression to understand the most important features contributing to fatality after an accident.
RESULTS: The findings reaffirm previous research and identify significant predictors of fatalities in helicopter emergency medical service accidents. Key factors such as adverse flight conditions (weather), the absence of a copilot, and postcrash fires are highlighted as critical to understanding and mitigating risks of fatality.
DISCUSSION: These findings emphasize the utility of machine learning in extracting meaningful insights from accident data, suggesting that such techniques offer a more nuanced understanding of the conditions leading to fatalities. It points out the potential of these methods to not only enhance aviation safety but also to be applied across other sectors. We conclude by underlining the significant potential of techniques like XGBoost in advancing safety measures within helicopter emergency medical service and possibly other aviation sectors.
Korentsides J, Keebler JR, Berezovski M, Chaparro A. Factors contributing to fatalities in helicopter emergency medical service accidents. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2025; 96(2):111–115.
Managing Select Medical Emergencies During Long-Duration Space Missions
Authors: Tran Kim-Anh , Pollock Neal W. , Dion Pierre-Marc , Lapierre Marjorie , Tremblay Sophie , Witteman William , Rhéaume Caroline , Lafond Daniel , Fortier Félix-Antoine , Marion Andréanne , Dutil-Fafard Lara , Morin Camille , LePabic Geneviève , Monnot David P. M. , Archambault Patrick M. 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: Space agencies and private industries worldwide are planning long-duration missions, which come with complex medical challenges. Crews must be prepared for medical emergencies due to longer mission durations, increased travel distance, communication delays, and higher levels of isolation. This study aimed to systematically review the existing literature and knowledge gaps that could be related to the management of medical emergencies during long-duration space missions.
METHODS: A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. Electronic databases, including ARC, Embase, IEEE Xplore, Medline Ovid, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, were searched from inception to June 1, 2023. Empirical study designs published in English or French were eligible for inclusion provided they described the management of at least 1 of 10 prioritized potentially mission-critical medical conditions.
RESULTS: A total of 484 full-text studies were assessed for eligibility, with 99 included in this review. Conditions with the highest representation were spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (N = 23), herniated disk (N = 22), and nephrolithiasis (N = 22). Conditions with the least representation were cerebrovascular accidents (N = 4), eye penetration (N = 3), and retinal detachment (N = 2). The duration of missions varied between 5 and 438 d for studies conducted in space. The data reflected the scarcity of evidence concerning prolonged deep-space exposure beyond the Earth’s magnetosphere.
DISCUSSION: Substantial medical autonomy is essential for the success of long-duration space missions, when medical support and even communication will be limited. Future research should prioritize knowledge gaps to improve preparedness and medical autonomy for space exploration activities.
Tran K-A, Pollock NW, Dion P-M, Lapierre M, Tremblay S, Witteman W, Rhéaume C, Lafond D, Fortier F-A, Marion A, Dutil-Fafard L, Morin C, LePabic G, Monnot DPM, Archambault PM. Managing select medical emergencies during long-duration space missions. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2025; 96(2):143–154.
Occupational Outcomes of Photorefractive Keratectomy in Young Asian Military Aviators
Authors: Ong Sze Chuan , Chay Isaac , Low Jason , Tan Dominic , See Brian 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: The Republic of Singapore Air Force started its corneal refractive surgery (CRS) Program in 2005 through the introduction of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) to expand its recruitment pool of aviators. This study evaluates short- and long-term occupational outcomes of PRK on young Asian eyes with low-moderate myopia.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of aircrew who underwent PRK under the CRS program over 12 yr. Data collected included demographic characteristics, preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) refraction, pachymetry, keratometry, pre- and postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), best-corrected distance visual acuity, and SE refraction. Outcome measures included long-term survival rates (i.e., achieving UDVA of 20/20 and flying without optical aids), short-term SE refractive accuracy/UDVA, and postoperative complications.
RESULTS: Included for analysis were 274 eyes of 141 patients. Of these, 82.1% of eyes had UDVA of 20/20 at last follow-up. Cumulative survival rates were 99.8%, 96.5%, 92.9%, 84.7%, and 62.2% at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 yr of follow-up, respectively. At the 3-mo mark, 98.2% and 70.4% of eyes had SE refraction within ±0.50 D and ±0.13 D of intended correction, respectively, and 95.2% of eyes met standards for returning to flying duties. Postoperative complications included corneal haze (1.5%), steroid-induced intraocular pressure elevation (0.7%), and PRK-enhancement (0.7%). Higher preoperative myopia was the only risk factor for failure from multivariate analysis.
DISCUSSION: PRK as a structured CRS program is effective both short- and long-term to enable flying without optical aids among young Asian aviators with low-moderate myopia.
Ong SC, Chay I, Low J, Tan D, See B. Occupational outcomes of photorefractive keratectomy in young Asian military aviators. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2025; 96(2):121–127.
Fatal Pulmonary Barotrauma from a Commercial Flight
Authors: Stevens Graham 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of cases of fatal pulmonary barotrauma in the literature unless the patient is mechanically ventilated. Here we report a presumed pulmonary barotrauma caused by pulmonary cyst rupture as barometric pressure reduced during a commercial flight, with tragic consequences.
CASE REPORT: A 71-yr-old woman with a history of a large pulmonary cyst lost consciousness on a commercial domestic flight (1.15-h flight time). This period of reduced level of consciousness was undetected and may have caused hypoxic brain injury. Subsequent hospital investigations revealed a large cavitating lesion in the left lung and free gas in the brain, suggestive of pulmonary barotrauma and cerebral arterial gas embolism. Progression of the hypoxic brain injury caused death.
DISCUSSION: The likely cause of death was speculated to be caused by the preexisting pulmonary cyst, which was ruptured by either Valsalva, cough suppression, change in barometric pressure, or a combination of all three, causing fatal air emboli.
Stevens G. Fatal pulmonary barotrauma from a commercial flight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2025; 96(2):180–182.
Arm Swing Exercise (ASE) Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah Sewaktu Penderita Diabetes
Authors: Khasanah Dwi Uswatun , Ulfah Maria 
Published: February 2025

Gaya hidup sedenter akibat modernisasi menjadi salah satu sebab meningkatnya prevalensi diabetes setiap tahun. Latihan fisik secara teratur bermanfaat bagi penderita diabetes untuk mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Diperlukan latihan fisik yang sederhana, mudah dan nyaman yang dapat mendorong penderita diabetes untuk melakukan latihan fisik secara teratur seperti Arm Swing Exercise. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Arm Swing Exercise terhadap kadar glukosa darah penderita diabetes. Penelitian quasi-eksperimen dengan desain one group pre and post test. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien diabetes di Puskesmas Bandung Kota Tegal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 18 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, glukometer untuk pemeriksaan kadar Glukosa Darah Sewaktu (GDS), dan pedoman pelaksanaan Arm Swing Exercise (ASE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kadar GDS sebelum intervensi sebesar 301,89 mg/dl dan setelah intervensi sebesar 223,67 mg/dl. Hasil uji Paired sample t test menunjukkan angka yang signifikan antar nilai pre dengan post test dengan nilai p=0,000 (p value < 0,005) yang berarti adanya perbedaan yang bermakna kadar glukosa darah sewaktu sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah ada pengaruh Arm Swing Exercise terhadap kadar glukosa darah sewaktu pasien diabetes di Puskesmas Bandung Kota Tegal
Lesion-specific coronary artery calcium score to predict stent underexpansion
Authors: Yang Wentao , Xu Ke , Fu Xi , Zhang Weifeng , Hao Ziyong , Sang Zhenchi , Jiang Lisheng , Qiu Xingbiao , Tu Shengxian , Shen Linghong , He Ben 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPrevious intracoronary imaging studies have shown that coronary artery calcium (CAC) is an independent risk factor of stent underexpansion; however, limited preintervention assessments of CAC have been performed using noninvasive methods. We aimed to determine the association between lesion-specific CAC score and stent underexpansion.MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we included 416 lesions from 359 patients who underwent intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided stent implantation. CAC of each lesion was quantified using the Agatston method derived from either nongated noncontrast chest CT (NCCT) or electrocardiogram-gated coronary CT angiography (CCTA). The primary endpoint was stent underexpansion defined as minimum stent area of &lt;80% of the average reference lumen area.ResultsOverall, stent underexpansion occurred in 144 (34.6%) of 416 lesions. Lesion-specific CAC score was significantly negatively correlated with the stent expansion rate (in NCCT cohort, r = 0.8113, P &lt; 0.05; in CCTA cohort, r = 0.8024, P &lt; 0.05). The optimal cutoff values of lesion-specific CAC score to predict stent underexpansion were &gt;200 in both NCCT (sensitivity, 91.4%; specificity, 66.8%) and CCTA (sensitivity, 84.6%; specificity, 64.3%) cohort, which were associated with 24.94-fold increased risk of stent underexpansion in NCCT cohort and 13.56-fold increased risk of stent underexpansion in CCTA cohort.ConclusionsIn this study, we found that lesion-specific CAC scores in both NCCT and CCTA cohorts were significantly independently associated with an increased risk of stent underexpansion, and the cutoff value to predict stent underexpansion was &gt;200.
A novel machine learning methodology for the systematic extraction of chronic kidney disease comorbidities from abstracts
Authors: Sághy Eszter , Elsharkawy Mostafa , Moriarty Frank , Kovács Sándor , Wittmann István , Zemplényi Antal 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health concern and is frequently underdiagnosed due to its subtle initial symptoms, contributing to increasing morbidity and mortality. A comprehensive understanding of CKD comorbidities could lead to the identification of risk-groups, more effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. Our research presents a two-fold objective: developing an effective machine learning (ML) workflow for text classification and entity relation extraction and assembling a broad list of diseases influencing CKD development and progression.MethodsWe analysed 39,680 abstracts with CKD in the title from the Embase library. Abstracts about a disease affecting CKD development and/or progression were selected by multiple ML classifiers trained on a human-labelled sample. The best classifier was further trained with active learning. Disease names in question were extracted from the selected abstracts using a novel entity relation extraction methodology. The resulting disease list and their corresponding abstracts were manually checked and a final disease list was created.FindingsThe SVM model gave the best results and was chosen for further training with active learning. This optimised ML workflow enabled us to discern 68 comorbidities across 15 ICD-10 disease groups contributing to CKD progression or development. The reading of the ML-selected abstracts showed that some diseases have direct causal effect on CKD, while others, like schizophrenia, has indirect causal effect on CKD.InterpretationThese findings have the potential to guide future CKD investigations, by facilitating the inclusion of a broader array of comorbidities in CKD prognostic models. Ultimately, our study enhances understanding of prognostic comorbidities and supports clinical practice by enabling improved patient monitoring, preventive strategies, and early detection for individuals at higher CKD development or progression risk.
The role of green finance in reshaping end-use energy consumption: insights from regional evidence in China
Authors: Deng Mingzheng , Lu Xiangyi , Tong Ruibin , Xue Yan , Shi Shuaihang , Guo Rui 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionGreen finance plays a pivotal role in the transition to a low-carbon economy by influencing energy consumption patterns. Despite growing interest in this area, the relationship between green finance and the optimization of end-use energy consumption remains underexplored, particularly in the context of regional disparities.MethodsThis study investigates the impact of green finance on end-use energy consumption structure across 30 provinces in China from 2014 to 2021. A system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model and a panel threshold model are employed to analyze the relationship, incorporating nonlinearities and regional heterogeneities.ResultsThe findings indicate that green finance significantly reduces reliance on high-carbon energy sources and fosters cleaner energy consumption, particularly in provinces with advanced green financial systems. The effects are nonlinear, becoming evident only after green finance surpasses a certain threshold. Stronger impacts are observed in eastern regions due to mature financial infrastructures, whereas central and western regions experience comparatively weaker outcomes.DiscussionContrary to expectations, mediating factors such as industrial structure, energy efficiency, and green innovation have limited explanatory power for the observed impacts. These results highlight the need for tailored green financial policies and enhanced regional support mechanisms to accelerate sustainable energy transitions. This research underscores the transformative potential of green finance in energy governance and its contribution to achieving sustainable development goals.