bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clonal spread of fluconazole‐resistant C. parapsilosis in patients admitted to a referral hospital located in Burgos, Spain, during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Mantecón‐Vallejo María de los Ángeles , Mesquida Aina , Ortiz María de Valle , Buzón‐Martín Luis , Ossa‐Echeverri Sergio , Fisac‐Cuadrado Lourdes , Megías‐Lobón Gregoria , Ortega‐Lafont María Pilar , Muñoz Patricia , Escribano Pilar , Guinea Jesús 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundFluconazole‐resistant Candida parapsilosis (FRCP) is a matter of concern in Spain.ObjectivesWe here report a FRCP spread across a 777‐bed referral hospital located in Burgos, Spain, during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Patients/MethodsIn April 2021, an FRCP isolate (MIC = 64 mg/L, E‐test®) from a hospitalised patient was detected. Up to June 2022, all C. parapsilosis isolates (n = 35) from hospitalised patients (n = 32) were stored and genotyped using microsatellite markers, and their antifungal susceptibilities were studied (EUCAST); FRCP isolates were molecularly characterised.ResultsWe detected 26 FRCP isolates collected between 2021 (n = 8) and 2022 (n = 18); isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, echinocandins and ibrexafungerp. FRCP isolates were grouped into three genotypes: CP‐707 and CP‐708 involved isolates harbouring the Y132F + R398I ERG11p substitutions (n = 24) and were clonally related; the remaining CP‐675 genotype involved isolates harbouring the G458S ERG11p substitution (n = 2). FRCP genotypes were genetically related to the FRCP genotypes found in Madrid and were unrelated to fluconazole‐susceptible ones. Patients harbouring FRCP were mainly (n = 22/23) admitted to intensive care units. Most patients had received broad‐spectrum antibiotics (n = 22/23), and/or antifungal therapy with azoles (n = 14/23) within the 30 days prior to FRCP isolation. Thirteen patients were colonised, 10 of whom were infected and presented candidaemia (n = 8/10), endovascular infection (n = 1/10) or complicated urinary infection (n = 1/10). Overall nonattributable 30‐day mortality was 17% (n = 4/23).ConclusionsWe report an outbreak caused by FRCP affecting patients admitted to the ICU of a referral hospital located in Burgos. Patients harbouring FRCP had a higher fluconazole use than those carrying susceptible isolates.
A Self‐Designed Endobutton Installation Device for Coracoclavicular Stabilization in Acute Rockwood Type III Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation
Authors: Jie Ma , Yang Tang , Xiang Wang 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveEndobutton technique could provide flexible coracoclavicular (CC) stabilization for acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation and achieved good clinical outcomes. However, the difficult part of this technique was placement of the Endobutton to the coracoid base. In this study, we designed an Endobutton installation device to place the Endobutton at the coracoid base. And we examined the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients with acute Rockwood type III ACJ dislocation repaired with Endobutton using this device.MethodsWe designed an Endobutton installation device to place the Endobutton at the coracoid base to achieve CC stabilization. We retrospectively reviewed 42 patients with acute Rockwood type III ACJ dislocation who underwent CC stabilization with Endobuttons placed either using this novel device (group I, n = 19) or the traditional technique (CC stabilization without using special device, group II, n = 23) from January 2015 to April 2020. The two groups were compared regarding the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and clinical and radiologic outcomes at final follow‐up. The operation‐related complications were also evaluated. The Student's t test and the Mann–Whitney U‐test were used to compare differences in continuous variables. Differences in categorical variables were assessed with either the Pearson's chi‐squared test or Fisher's exact test.ResultsForty‐two patients were clinically followed up for a minimum of 12 months. Compared with group II, group I had a significantly shorter mean operative time (56.05 ± 7.82 min vs. 65.87 ± 7.43 min, p < 0.01) and significantly lesser mean intraoperative blood loss (67.89 ± 14.75 mL vs. 94.78 ± 25.01 mL, p < 0.01). At final follow‐up, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the visual analog scale score for pain, Oxford Shoulder Score, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score, and postoperative CC distance of the affected side. Loss of reduction occurred in four patients in group I and three patients in group II (p = 0.68); there were no other operation‐related complications in either group.ConclusionsThe Endobutton installation device makes placement of the Endobutton at the coracoid base easier and achieves satisfactory clinical and radiologic outcomes without additional complications in acute Rockwood type III ACJ dislocation.
Leaf anatomy affects optical properties and enhances photosynthetic performance under oblique light
Authors: Nikolopoulos Dimosthenis , Bresta Panagiota , Daliani Vassiliki , Haghiou Vassiliki , Darra Nikoleta , Liati Maria , Mavrogianni Evita , Papanastasiou Antonia , Porfyraki Theodora , Psaroudi Varvara , Karabourniotis George , Liakopoulos Georgios 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotosynthesis under oblique illumination has not been studied extensively despite being the prevailing light regime under natural conditions. We studied how photosynthetic rate (An) is affected by the geometrical arrangement between leaf lamina and light rays, in conjunction with key anatomical features; studied plant species selected based on the absence (homobaric) or the occurrence of bundle sheath extensions (BSEs; heterobaric) and the arrangement of these structures, that is, parallel (monocots) or reticulated (dicots). The direction of light ray affected leaf absorptance (Abs) and An; both were maximal when the angle of incidence of light on leaf surface (polar angle, θ) was 90°. For any lower θ, both Abs and An were higher when the angle between the leaf axis and the light rays (azimuthal angle, φ) was zero. The dependence of Abs and An from φ was only evident in monocots and, especially, in heterobaric compared to homobaric leaves. In some species, An was substantially higher than predicted from calculated photon flux density of oblique light. The occurrence of BSEs, especially in monocots, significantly alters leaf optical properties, resulting in more efficient photosynthesis under oblique illumination conditions.
The role of protein globule in firefly luciferase catalysis
Authors: Ugarova Natalia N. , Lomakina Galina Yu. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe important role of the dynamic structure of firefly luciferase in enzyme functioning is a subject of this literature review. Due to the domain alternation, the optimal configuration of the active site is created for each stage of the luciferin oxidation. The diversity of bioluminescence spectra is explained by the combined emission of several coexisting forms of electronically excited oxyluciferin. The superposition of two or three emitter forms recorded in the bioluminescence spectra indicates that different luciferase conformers coexist in the reaction medium in dynamic equilibrium. The relationship between the thermal stability of the protein globule and the bioluminescence spectra is also discussed
From everyday participation to ways of life: Development of Yurakare children in Bolivia's Amazonian area
Authors: Siekiera Natalia , Białek Arkadiusz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChildren's participation in the social structure from the first stages of life shapes not only their development but also how they learn to become well‐adjusted members of their cultural environment. In the presented study, using focal‐follow and participatory observation, we depict the reality in early and middle childhood (N = 23; ages 2–7) of Yurakare children living in Bolivia's Amazonian area. We attempt to determine whether the facets of the LOPI model (Learning by Observing and Pitching in) proposed by Rogoff are represented in the everyday way of life of Yurakare children. This is the first systematic, quantitative study of children's social environment and practice in this Indigenous community. The results show that the practices of the Yurakare people are based on two things: (1) inclusion of all ages in community life, which cultivates children to engage in useful activities even while having fun; (2) the primacy of mature activities, which is in line with the LOPI model.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Comprehensive Performance of Carbon Dioxide(R744) and Its Mixture With Ethane(R170) Used in Refrigeration and Heating System at Low Evaporation Temperature
Authors: Sun Dahan , Liu Zhongyan , Zhang Hao , Zhang Xin , Qin Jiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the system performance of R744 and R744/R170 mixed refrigerants used in a single-stage compression transcritical cycle at low evaporation temperature was studied by simulation method, and the effect of evaporation temperature, outlet temperature of gas cooler, R170 ratio on coefficient of performance (COP), discharge temperature, optimal pressure, and compression ratio were analyzed. The results show that Popt increases and decreases with the increase of outlet temperature and evaporation temperature of gas cooler and increases first and then decreases with the increase of R170 proportion. In the heating system, the maximum and minimum Popt of R744/R170 (25/75) were 1.35 MPa, 3.6 MPa, and 2.6 MPa and 1.23 MPa, 2.93 MPa, and 1.87 MPa lower than that of R170 (0%, 22.4%, and 50%); compared to pure R744, the system pressure of the mixed R744/R170 is lower. The COPe and COPh increase with the increase of evaporation temperature and decrease with the increase of outlet temperature of the gas cooler. With the increase of R170 proportion, they first decrease and then increase; the maximum COPe and COPh of R744 were 22.4%, 29.6%, and 21.2% and 10.3%, 13.8%, and 10.8% higher than those of R170 at 22.4%, 50% and 75%, respectively.
Barriers and Facilitators to Participation in Vigorous Lifestyle Physical Activity in Adults Aged 55–75 Years: A Scoping Review
Authors: Pang Bingyan , Moullin Joanna C. , Thompson Craig , Thøgersen-Ntoumani Cecilie , Stamatakis Emmanual , McVeigh Joanne A. 
Published: January 2024

Despite the well-known benefits of physical activity, less than half of adults aged 55–75 years participate in sufficient physical activity. Short bouts of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) accumulated throughout the day can contribute toward the recommended volume of physical activity. A rich characterization of the barriers and facilitators to participation in VILPA is needed to develop targeted interventions. This scoping review aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to participation in different components of VILPA in adults aged 55–75 years, and to map barriers and facilitators to the Theoretical Domains Framework. Within the 18 eligible studies, the most prevalent barriers were related to a person’s skills, environmental context, and social influences. Most facilitators were related to a person’s goals, social influences, and environmental context. Interventions to promote VILPA should test the effectiveness of behavioral change measures related to the unique barriers and facilitators in this age group.
Abortion stigma among abortion seekers, healthcare professionals and the public in high-income countries: A mixed-methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Bernard Marie , Niemann Jana , Weinhold Laura , Jepsen Dennis , Miani Celine , Luck-Sikorski Claudia 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAbortion is a crucial sexual and reproductive right. However, the legal situation of pregnancy termination is rather heterogeneous across countries and regions. The political climate and cultural perception may result in abortion-related stigma. This mixed-methods systematic review protocol aims to detail the proposed methods for assessing the current state of research on abortion stigma in high-income countries from an abortion seeker, healthcare provider and public perspective.Methods and analysisFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols guideline, we conducted a systematic literature search of peer-reviewed studies from high-income countries in relevant electronic databases: PubMed, CINHAL, PsycINFO, LIVIVO and Cochrane Library. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method studies that measured or examined abortion-related stigma in abortion seekers, healthcare professionals and the general public will be included. Assessment of risk of bias, data synthesis and qualitative meta-aggregation will be carried out.Ethics and disseminationThe results of the systematic review will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.
Cohort profile: Born in Wales—a birth cohort with maternity, parental and child data linkage for life course research in Wales, UK
Authors: Jones Hope , Seaborne Mike J , Kennedy Natasha L , James Michaela , Dredge Sam , Bandyopadhyay Amrita , Battaglia Adele , Davies Sarah , Brophy Sinead 
Published: January 2024

PurposeUsing Wales’s national dataset for maternity and births as a core dataset, we have linked related datasets to create a more complete and comprehensive entire country birth cohort. Data of anonymised identified persons are linked on the individual level to data from health, social care and education data within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. Each individual is assigned an encrypted Anonymised Linking Field; this field is used to link anonymised individuals across datasets. We present the descriptive data available in the core dataset, and the future expansion plans for the database beyond its initial development stage.ParticipantsDescriptive information from 2011 to 2023 has been gathered from the National Community Child Health Database (NCCHD) in SAIL. This comprehensive dataset comprises over 400 000 child electronic records. Additionally, survey responses about health and well-being from a cross-section of the population including 2500 parents and 30 000 primary school children have been collected for enriched personal responses and linkage to the data spine.Findings to dateThe electronic cohort comprises all children born in Wales since 2011, with follow-up conducted until they finish primary school at age 11. The child cohort is 51%: 49% female: male, and 7.8% are from ethnic minority backgrounds. When considering age distribution, 26.8% of children are under the age of 5, while 63.2% fall within the age range of 5–11.Future plansBorn in Wales will expand by 30 000 new births annually in Wales (in NCCHD), while including follow-up data of children and parents already in the database. Supplementary datasets complement the existing linkage, including primary care, hospital data, educational attainment and social care. Future research includes exploring the long-term implications of COVID-19 on child health and development, and examining the impact of parental work environment on child health and development.
Mothers working to prevent early stillbirth study (MiNESS 20–28): a case–control study protocol
Authors: Heazell Alexander Edward , Wilkinson Jack , Morris R Katie , Simpson Nigel , Smith Lucy K , Stacey Tomasina , Storey Claire , Higgins Lucy 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIn the UK, 1600 babies die every year before, during or immediately after birth at 20–28 weeks’ gestation. This bereavement has a similar impact on parental physical and psychological well-being to late stillbirth (>28 weeks’ gestation). Improved understanding of potentially modifiable risk factors for late stillbirth (including supine going-to-sleep position) has influenced international clinical practice. Information is now urgently required to similarly inform clinical practice and aid decision-making by expectant mothers/parents, addressing inequalities in pregnancy loss between 20 and 28 weeks.Methods and analysisThis study focuses on what portion of risk of pregnancy loss 20–28 weeks’ gestation is associated with exposures amenable to public health campaigns/antenatal care adaptation. A case–control study of non-anomalous singleton baby loss (via miscarriage, stillbirth or early neonatal death) 20+0to 27+6(n=316) and randomly selected control pregnancies (2:1 ratio; n=632) at group-matched gestations will be conducted. Data is collected via participant recall (researcher-administered questionnaire) and extraction from contemporaneous medical records. Unadjusted/confounder-adjusted ORs will be calculated. Exposures associated with early stillbirth at OR≥1.5 will be detectable (p<0.05, β>0.80) assuming exposure prevalence of 30%–60%.Ethics and disseminationNHS research ethical approval has been obtained from the London—Seasonal research ethics committee (23/LO/0622). The results will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed open-access journals. Information from this study will enable development of antenatal care and education for healthcare professionals and pregnant people to reduce risk of early stillbirth.Trial registration numberNCT06005272.
Cancer Mutations Converge on a Collection of Protein Assemblies to Predict Resistance to Replication Stress
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Singhal Akshat , Park Sungjoon , Kong JungHo , Bachelder Robin , Ideker Trey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Rapid proliferation is a hallmark of cancer associated with sensitivity to therapeutics that cause DNA replication stress (RS). Many tumors exhibit drug resistance, however, via molecular pathways that are incompletely understood. Here, we develop an ensemble of predictive models that elucidate how cancer mutations impact the response to common RS-inducing (RSi) agents. The models implement recent advances in deep learning to facilitate multidrug prediction and mechanistic interpretation. Initial studies in tumor cells identify 41 molecular assemblies that integrate alterations in hundreds of genes for accurate drug response prediction. These cover roles in transcription, repair, cell-cycle checkpoints, and growth signaling, of which 30 are shown by loss-of-function genetic screens to regulate drug sensitivity or replication restart. The model translates to cisplatin-treated cervical cancer patients, highlighting an RTK–JAK–STAT assembly governing resistance. This study defines a compendium of mechanisms by which mutations affect therapeutic responses, with implications for precision medicine.

Significance:
Zhao and colleagues use recent advances in machine learning to study the effects of tumor mutations on the response to common therapeutics that cause RS. The resulting predictive models integrate numerous genetic alterations distributed across a constellation of molecular assemblies, facilitating a quantitative and interpretable assessment of drug response.
This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 384
العدوى والاحتراز: الأخلاق الكلامية وتصادم القيم في زمن الوباء
Authors: الخطيب معتز 
Published: January 2024

الخلاصة
يناقش هذا البحث التداخل بين الكلامي والأخلاقي في المناقشات الكلاسيكية الخاصة بمسألة العدوى وسبل الاحتراز منها، ويَعرض لثلاثة نماذج توضح تركيبية الموقف من العدوى داخل المذهب الكلامي الأشعري، الأمر الذي يوضح أن اختزاله في فكرة الذاتية الأخلاقية (divine subjectivism or ethical voluntarism) لا يفي بطابعه التركيبي المتنوّع. ويخلص البحث إلى أنه بالرغم من السمة الكلامية الطاغية على تلك المناقشات، فإن ثمة إطارًا أخلاقيًّا ثاويًا فيها نقف فيه على منظورات مختلفة كانت تتنازع – فيما يبدو – حول تحديد القيمة العليا التي يجب أن تصان وتكون لها الأولوية في زمن الوباء. فالعدوى شكلت محور النقاشات الخاصة بالطاعون، التي برز فيها تشابك تخصصات عدة كالطب والفقه والكلام والتصوف والأخلاق، والنظري والعملي. وبسبب هذه السمة التركيبية لتلك النقاشات حول العدوى والاحتراز يرى البحث أنها يمكن أن تُدرَج ضمن “الأخلاق الكلامية” التي تتناول الجوانب المعيارية التي تتصل بعلم الكلام.
COVID-19 and Pandemic Ethics in the Islamic Tradition: An Introduction
Authors: Ghaly Mohammed , al-Khatib Mutaz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The rapid escalation of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 into a global pandemic, culminating in the World Health Organization’s declaration on March 11, 2020, marked a historic milestone. The far-reaching impact of the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates an interdisciplinary approach to address its myriad ethical challenges. This article categorizes the key ethical questions explored from an Islamic perspective into two groups: “Historical Issues” and “Modern Issues.” The former revisits questions examined in pre-modern discussions on historical pandemics, while the latter delves into ethical challenges relatively unique to the contemporary context of COVID-19. Each group’s exploration is complemented by a section on “Related Sources,” offering insight into pertinent primary works. The article concludes with reflections on the evolving trajectory of research in this field. Serving its introductory purpose, the article includes two appendices: Appendix 1, “Overview of Key Ethical Issues," provides a condensed summary in table form, while Appendix 2, “An Extended Bibliography on Islam, Pandemics, COVID-19, and Morality,” offers a comprehensive list of primary and secondary sources for researchers interested in further readings.
On some Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with gall-inducing psylloids, Phacopteron and Trioza species (Hemiptera: Phacopteronidae, Triozidae) in southern India
Authors: HAYAT MOHAMMAD , SALEEM U. K. A. , NASSER M. 
Published: January 2024

Two new species, Ooencyrtus alrake Hayat, sp. nov. and Syrphophagus wayanadensis Hayat, sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), are described from material collected in Kerala State (India) from Trioza jambolanae Crawford (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae), a leaf gall-inducer on species of Syzygium (Myrtaceae). Two species, Psyllaephagus garuga S. Singh and P. phacopteron S. Singh, both recently described in S. Singh & K.P. Singh, (2011) from Dehra Dun, are recorded from Kerala from Phacopteron lentiginosum Buckton (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Phacopteronidae) a leaf gall-inducer on Garuga pinnata Roxb. (Burseraceae). Some variation in the Kerala and Dehra Dun specimens of these two species is noted. It appears that this is the first record of Ooencyrtus Ashmead on psylloid hosts.