bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medullary Compression by a Cervical Osteochondroma in a Patient with Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
Authors: Lixa João , Pinho André , Vieira Paula , Vieira da Silva Nuno , Silva Miguel Relvas , Marques Ana , Veludo Vitorino 
Published: January 2024

Case:
A 19-year-old man with Multiple Hereditary Exostoses presented with cervical pain without neurological symptoms and/or signs. Magnetic resonance revealed a large C2 osteochondroma, occupying a part of the medullary canal. He was submitted to an en bloc resection with hemilaminectomy without fusion. At the 1-year follow-up, he presented resolution of pain and no neurological symptoms or signs, without cervical instability or radiological signs of disease recurrence.

Conclusion:
Cervical osteochondroma is usually asymptomatic. Neurological compression and differentiation to chondrosarcoma are the main concerns. Surgical excision allows the local cure of the disease and is usually performed without fusion.
Cervical Myelopathy with Concomitant Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Authors: Neaville Spencer , Khairy Mohamed , Mierke Alex , Small John 
Published: January 2024

Case:
We present a case of a 67-year-old female patient with concomitant cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Surgical intervention, including cervical decompression and arthrodesis, was performed to address cervical myelopathy symptoms. Despite initial improvement, the patient's motor function deteriorated, leading to the diagnosis of GBS. The patient's hospital course was protracted with a complicated recovery.

Conclusion:
This case emphasizes the clinical details of coexisting CSM and GBS, highlighting the importance of diagnosing and considering demyelinating diseases when determining the optimal timeline for surgical intervention. These findings inform decision-making for clinicians encountering similar patient presentations.
What influences women’s decisions to participate in trials for prevention of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy and the puerperium: a qualitative study
Authors: Sampson Fiona C , Davis Sarah , Kuczawski Maxine , Carser Rosemary , Hunt Beverley J , Goodacre Steve , Pandor Abdullah , Nelson-Piercy Catherine , Daru Jahnavi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Thromboprophlyaxis for the prevention of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy and the puerperium is widespread, but there is a lack of evidence on the risks and benefits of thromboprophylaxis within this population. Trials involving pregnant women often struggle to recruit and retain participants which makes It difficult to improve the evidence base. We undertook qualitative evaluation of patient perspectives of pregnancy/postpartum thromboprophylaxis to understand willingness to participate in future trials.
Methods
We undertook four focus groups of women who had thromboprophylaxis due to prior VTE or thrombophilia (n = 10) or been offered thromboprophylaxis due to other risk factors (n = 12) during pregnancy and the puerperium. Focus groups were held online between November 2021 and January 2022. We recruited via social media and national special interest groups representing diverse cultural and socio-economic backgrounds, sampling purposively for condition, age, ethnicity, and socio-economic status. Participants received a £50 voucher. We transcribed focus groups and analysed data using thematic analysis.
Results
A lack of knowledge around the risks and benefits of thromboprophylaxis influenced how women perceived future trial participation. Limited understanding of thromboprophylaxis risks led to a lack of equipoise among participants who only identified benefits from treatment. Some women were unaware of why they had been given thromboprophylaxis but still perceived placebo as an inferior option. Concerns around injecting thromboprophylaxis were often minimised and ignored by healthcare professionals yet influenced treatment adherence. However, these negative experiences also motivated women to participate in future trials to receive a higher standard of care, as well as improving future care for others.
Conclusions
Trial treatment adherence may be affected by negative experiences of injecting and limited understanding of why they had been offered thromboprophylaxis. To improve recruitment and retention in pregnancy and puerperium clinical trials, women need to be given clear explanations of the risks and benefits of treatment and understand where there is genuine clinical equipoise. Improved communication may also improve the experience and treatment adherence for women currently being offered thromboprophylaxis.
Impact of research activity on performance of general practices: a qualitative study.
Authors: Kenning Cassandra , Usher-Smith Juliet A , Jamison James , Jones Jennifer , Boaz Annette , Little Paul , Mallen Christian , Bower Peter , Park Sophie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background There is evidence that engaging in research is directly associated with better performance. If this relationship is to be strengthened, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms which might underlie that relationship.Aim To explore the perspectives of staff and wider stakeholders about mechanisms by which research activity might impact on the performance of general practices.Design & Setting Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with general practice professionals and wider stakeholders in England.Method Individual interviews with 41 purposively sampled staff in ‘research ready’ or ‘research active’ general practices and with 21 other stakeholders. Interviews were independently coded by three researchers using a Framework approach.Results Participants described potential ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ impacts on their work. ‘Direct’ impacts included research changing practice work (e.g. additional records searches for particular conditions), bringing in additional resources (e.g. access to investigations or staff) and improving relationships with patients. ‘Indirect’ impacts included job satisfaction (e.g. perception of practice as a centre of excellence and innovation, and the variety afforded by research activity reducing burnout) and staff recruitment (increasing the attractiveness of the practice as a place to work). Respondents identified few negative impacts.Conclusions Staff and stakeholders identified a range of potential impacts of research activity on practice performance, with impacts on their working lives most salient. Negative impacts were not generally raised. Nevertheless, respondents generally discussed potential impacts rather than providing specific examples of those impacts. This may reflect the type of research activity conducted in general practice, often led by external collaborators.
Large-area Magnetic Skin for Multi-point and Multi-scale Tactile Sensing with Super-resolution
Authors: Zhao Peng , Hu Hao , Zhang Chengqian , Lai Xinyi , Dai Huangzhe , Pan Chengfeng , Sun Haonan , Tang Daofan , Hu Zhezai , Fu Jianzhong , Li Tiefeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The advancements in tactile sensor technology have found wide-ranging applications in robotic fields, resulting in remarkable achievements in object manipulation and overall human-machine interactions. However, the widespread availability of high-resolution tactile skins remains limited, due to the challenges of incorporating large-sized, robust sensing units and increased wiring complexity. One approach to achieve high-resolution and robust tactile skins is to integrate a limited number of sensor units (taxels) into a flexible surface material and leverage signal processing techniques to achieve super-resolution sensing. Here, we present a magnetic skin consisting of multi-direction magnetized flexible films and a contactless Hall sensor array. The key features of the proposed sensor include the specific magnetization arrangement, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) clustering algorithm and convolutional neural network (CNN) model for signal processing. Using only an array of 4*4 taxels, our magnetic skin is capable of achieving super-resolution perception over an area of 44100 mm2, with an average localization error of 1.2 mm. By employing neural network algorithms to decouple the multi-dimensional signals, the skin can achieve multi-point and multi-scale perception. We also demonstrate the promising potentials of the proposed sensor in intelligent control, by simultaneously controlling two vehicles with trajectory mapping on the magnetic skin.
Body-first and Brain-first Parkinson's Disease Subtypes Exhibit Distinctive Gut Microbial Dysbiotic Patterns
Authors: Lee Eun Jeong , Park Don Gueu , Kang Woorim , Shin In-Ja , Chalita Mauricio , Oh Hyun-Seok , Hyun Dong-Wook , Kim Hyun , Chun Jongsik , An Young-Sil , Yoon Jung Han 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Parkinson's disease, a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons and the presence of alpha-synuclein aggregates in Lewy bodies, exhibits clinical diversity prompting a proposed classification into two subtypes: body-first, originating in the peripheral nervous system, and brain-first, initiating in the central nervous system. Recent evidence links gut microbiome dysbiosis to alpha-synuclein aggregation in the gut, prompting a comprehensive study utilizing shotgun metagenomics to explore the roles of the gut microbiome in these subtypes. Categorizing patients based on premotor rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and cardiac meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake revealed significant beta diversity differences between body-first and brain-first subtypes. The body-first subtype exhibited more pronounced dysbiosis, characterized by increased Escherichia, Enterobacter, and Akkermansia, and decreased Roseburia, Agathobacter, and Faecalibacterium. Functionally, these changes were associated with alpha-synuclein aggregation pathways and decreased neuroprotective putrescine/spermidine biosynthesis. Premotor RBD and heart MIBG were considered as subtype indicators based on microbiome profiles, with the latter showing higher sensitivity and the former demonstrating better specificity. Random forest analysis confirmed their combination as optimal indicators for gut microbiome-based classification, shedding light on Parkinson's disease heterogeneity and emphasizing the gut microbiome's substantial impact on both subtypes. The study underscores the potential for innovative therapeutic interventions targeting the gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease, marking a significant step toward personalized approaches for diagnosis, treatment, and management based on subtype-specific characteristics and microbial signatures.
The 2023 record low Antarctic sea ice traced to synergistic influences of preconditioning, wind-induced transport and the ice albedo feedback
Authors: Yang Qinghua , Wang Jinfei , Massonnet François , Goosse Hugues , Luo Hao , Barthélemy Antoine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) reached a new record low in February 2023. In this study, we trace this record back to its possible origins by providing a detailed view on the evolution of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea ice system during the 12 months preceding the record. The impact of preceding conditions is assessed with observations, reanalyses, and output from the regional ocean-sea ice coupled model NEMO3.6-LIM3. We find that the 2022–2023 annual cycle was characterized by consistently low SIE throughout the year, anomalously high SIE melting rates in December 2022, and nearly circumpolar negative SIE anomalies in February 2023. From March to August 2022, advection-induced positive air temperature anomalies inhibited the growth of sea ice in the Weddell and Bellingshausen Seas. Concurrently, strong southerly winds in the Eastern Ross Sea caused by an anomalously deep Amundsen Sea Low in spring transported significant volumes of sea ice northward, contributing to severe melting offshore in December while triggering the ice-albedo feedback onshore through coastal divergence. This ice-albedo feedback was unusually active in late 2022 and favored accelerated melt towards the minimum. This study highlights the impacts of multifactorial processes during the preceding seasons to explain the recent summer sea ice minima.
Visible-Light Photocatalytic Direct Arylation of Arenes Using Silver Iodide Nanoparticles Supported on Magnesium-Aluminium Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Han Pengfei , Waclawik Eric , Bottle Steven , Yang Xuheng , Wang Jianfang , Tao Cheng-an , Zhu Huai Yong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The direct arylation of inactive arenes with aryl halides stands as a well-established and fundamental method in organic synthesis for synthesizing biaryls. However, current direct arylation methods suffer from the generation of substantial chemical waste, reliance on moisture-sensitive reagents, and harsh reaction conditions that involve using either organic acids or potent bases. Here we report a photocatalytic system based on AgI-decorated magnesium-aluminium-layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH), which operates effectively under visible light, eliminating the need for base or other additives. The alignment of energy levels between catalyst components and reactant enables the system to harness visible light or sunlight irradiation for the generation of aryl and •OH radicals from aryl iodides and MgAl-LDH surface, respectively, facilitating direct C-H arylation, producing only water and iodine as by-products. Furthermore, the surface hydroxyl groups of MgAl-LDH can be readily regenerated. Our discovery provides an efficient, eco-friendly and cost-effective approach to C-H arylation.
Is it inevitable to have dynamic horizontal acromioclavicular joint instability with a single Tightrope? A randomized prospective study
Authors: Arafa Mohamed S. , Ibrahim Mohamed , Lädermann Alexandre , Magdy Ahmed , Elkayal Engy S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose: We hypothesized that not all cases of single Tightrope fixation in acromioclavicular joint dislocation cases should give positive clinical cross body adduction test and might have some certain degree of horizontal stability which might be confirmed with ultrasound examination.
Materials and Methods: This clinical study was performed on twenty-seven patients who retrospectively underwent single Tightrope application in acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation. Patients were divided into group A which had an arthroscopic technique and group B that had an open technique augmented with trans-acromioclavicular joint fixation using two k-wires for six weeks in all group B cases. Clinical examination of operated shoulders was done, and results were compared to sound shoulder examination in the same patient at the last 24 months post-operative follow-up visit besides, results of the cross-body adduction test were correlated with ultrasound findings at the same visit. Records, operative details, and post-operative X-rays were reviewed to assess if any factors would diminish the dynamic horizontal stability of the acromioclavicular joint. Body mass index (BMI(was calculated per each case.
Results: Group A had seventeen cases, three had grade III and fourteen had grade V dislocations. Group B had ten cases, four had grade III, and six had grade V. Clinical cross-body adduction test gave gross positive results in fourteen patients in group A and six patients in group B. Group A patients with negative results were three while Group B patients with negative results were four. For ultrasound findings, differences in horizontal translation of the clavicle within the acromioclavicular joint in resting and cross-arm positions were more obvious in all operated shoulders than all sound shoulders.
Conclusion: The less the Rockwood grading, the more potential to secure more horizontal stability. An open approach also gives more horizontal stability. With increased BMI, horizontal instability is usually masked. So, some factors may diminish, or mask clinical dynamic horizontal instability which can be confirmed or rolled out with ultrasound usage.
Effect of the Application of Humanized Nursing Care on the Clinical Outcomes of Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Galalah Eman Salah Elmetwaly , El-mahdy Heba Saied Mohamed , Mahdy Nagafa Hafez farag , Abdelgawad Sahar Mahmoud Elkhedr 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a potentially fatal condition that has toxic effects on the brain and may have negative effects. Humanized care is a comprehensive approach that focuses on the nutritional, therapeutic and hygienic needs of neonates, which helps in the resolution of hyperbilirubinemia.
Method
A quasi experimental design was utilized in this study to evaluate the effect of humanized nursing care application on the clinical outcomes of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. It was carried out at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Tanta Main University Hospital. A total of 120 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who fit the inclusion criteria were blindly assigned to both the study and control groups. The data were collected using the biosocial-demographic characteristics of the studied neonates and neonatal clinical outcome measures for humanized care.
Results
On the seventh day after receiving humanized care, total bilirubin levels in the study group decreased to 4.03 ± 1.48 compared to 10.21 ± 2.08 in the control group; there was also a decline in the time of jaundice regression with a mean of 3.966 ± 1.09 in the study group compared to 4.66 ± 1.29. in the control group. The mean days of phototherapy were 1.83 ± 0.73 in the study group and 2.41 ± 1.01 in the control group. Additionally, oxygen saturation increased significantly on the 7th day in the study group compared to the control group; the mean amount of daily milk intake was 752.8 ± 262.9 ml in the study group compared with 600.76 ± 290.31 ml in the control group.
Conclusion
Applying humanized care improved neonatal clinical outcomes, including O2 saturation, jaundice regression, enhanced newborn feeding and decreased duration of phototherapy.
Paired Electrocatalysis Unlocks Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of C(sp3)-H Bonds Using A Pentacoordinated Cobalt-Salen Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Liu Ke , Lei Mengna , Li Xin , Zhang Xuemei , Zhang Ying , Fan Weigang , Li Man-Bo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) of C(sp3)-H bonds is an ideal approach for C(sp3)-C(sp3) bonds construction. However, conventional approaches mainly rely on the single activation mode by either stoichiometric oxidants or electrochemical oxidation, which would lead to inferior selectivity in the reaction between similar C(sp3)-H bonds. We herein developed a paired electrocatalysis strategy to access an unconventional selectivity in the CDC of alcoholic α C(sp3)-H with allylic (or benzylic) C-H bonds, which combines hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysis with hydride transfer (H-T) catalysis. To maximize the synergistic effect of the catalyst combinations, a novel HER catalyst pentacoordinated Co-salen was disclosed, and it displayed a large redox-potential gap (1.98 V) and suitable redox potential. With the optimized catalyst combination, an electrochemical CDC protocol features an unconventional chemoselectivity (C-C vs. C-O coupling), excellent functional group tolerance (83 examples), useful byproduct (hydrogen), high regio- and site-selectivity. A plausible reaction mechanism was also proposed to rationalize the experimental observations.
Proteomics of colorectal tumors identifies the role of CAVIN1 in tumor formation and progression
Authors: Olsen Jesper , Martinez-Val Ana , Hoeven Leander van der , Bekker-Jensen Dorte , Jørgensen Margarita , Nors Jesper , Franciosa Giulia , Andersen Claus , Bramsen Jesper 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Omics-based molecular signatures can be employed to stratify colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and aid therapeutic treatment or evaluate prognostic outcome. However, reliable molecular biomarkers for identification of patients at risk of relapse are currently lacking. Here, we present a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of a Danish colorectal cancer tumor cohort composed of 371 patients diagnosed at TNM stage II or III. Utilizing proteome profiles, we classified the tumors into four molecular subtypes, including a mesenchymal-like subtype. Mesenchymal-rich tumors are known to represent the most invasive and metastatic phenotype. Therefore, we focused on this subtype protein signature to identify potential relapse risk markers. Among mesenchymal-subtype markers, we followed-up Caveolae-Associated Protein-1 (CAVIN1) and demonstrated its role in tumor progression in a 3D in vitro model of colorectal cancer. Compared to previous CRC studies, our proteomics analysis contributes unique insights into epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells with stronger correlations with risk of relapse.
Detecting errors and understanding optimization strategies in scale up process of Green Fluorescent Protein using E. coli JM109 strain: A comparative study of shake flask and batch fermentation approaches
Authors: Miteu Goshen David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Scale-up of recombinant protein production processes is a crucial step in biotechnology and involves the transition from small-scale shake flasks to large-scale bioreactors. This study aimed to detect errors and understand optimization strategies in the scale-up process of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) production using E. coli JM109 strain by comparing shake flask and batch fermentation approaches.
Results
Scale up process failed (product yield efficiency was < 1). Shake flask cultures gave higher GFP production levels than the batch fermentation approach. The differences in GFP yield were attributed primarily to inconsistent KLa and OTR among other factors such as plasmid stability, cell density and scale-up parameters. Furthermore, the study investigated the impact of process parameters like wet cell weight, dry cell weight, and optical density on GFP productivity. It was observed that despite having a high cell density in the batch fermentation approach, the total protein yield in mg/mL was lower compared to the shake flask method values (200 F = 6.247, 250 F = 8.024, 200 SF = 9.948, 250 SF = 10.209). The influence of promoter regions on GFP expression and the potential benefits of protein engineering for enhancing protein production was also explored.
Conclusions
The results underscores the importance of understanding and optimizing various factors during the scale-up process to ensure efficient GFP production and management of resources. By keeping OTR constant and addressing issues such as plasmid stability, lysis step, cell density, viability, scale-up parameters, and promoter activity, GFP yield can be improved in large-scale bioreactors. Additionally, protein engineering strategies could provide valuable tools for enhancing GFP expression and production, ultimately contributing to the development of more efficient protein production platforms in the biotechnology industry.