bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoantibodies to nuclear valosin-containing protein-like protein: systemic sclerosis-specific antibodies revealed by in vitro human proteome
Authors: Matsuda Kazuki M , Kotani Hirohito , Yamaguchi Kei , Ono Chihiro , Okumura Taishi , Ogawa Koji , Miya Ayako , Sato Ayaka , Uchino Rikako , Yumi Murakami , Matsunaka Hiroshi , Kono Masanori , Norimatsu Yuta , Hisamoto Teruyoshi , Kawanabe Ruriko , Kuzumi Ai , Fukasawa Takemichi , Yoshizaki-Ogawa Asako , Okamura Tomohisa , Shoda Hirofumi , Fujio Keishi , Matsushita Takashi , Goshima Naoki , Sato Shinichi , Yoshizaki Ayumi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To identify and characterize undescribed systemic sclerosis (SSc)-specific autoantibodies targeting nucleolar antigens and to assess their clinical significance.

Methods
We conducted proteome-wide autoantibody screening (PWAS) against serum samples from SSc patients with nucleolar patterned anti-nuclear antibodies (NUC-ANAs) of specific antibodies (Abs) unknown, utilizing wet protein arrays fabricated from in vitro human proteome. Controls included SSc patients with already-known SSc-specific autoantibodies, patients with other connective tissue diseases and healthy subjects. The selection of nucleolar antigens was performed by database search in the Human Protein Atlas. The presence of autoantibodies was certified by immunoblots and immunoprecipitations. Indirect immunofluorescence assays on HEp-2 cells were also conducted. Clinical assessment was conducted by retrospective review of electronic medical records.

Results
PWAS identified three candidate autoantibodies, including anti-nuclear valosin-containing protein-like (NVL) Ab. Additional measurements in disease controls revealed that only anti-NVL Abs are exclusively detected in SSc. Detection of anti-NVL Abs was reproduced by conventional assays such as immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. Indirect immunofluorescence assays demonstrated homogeneous nucleolar patterns. Anti-NVL Ab-positive cases were characterized by significantly low prevalence of diffuse skin sclerosis and interstitial lung disease, compared with SSc cases with NUC-ANAs other than anti-NVL Abs, such as anti-U3-RNP and anti-Th/To Abs.

Conclusion
Anti-NVL Ab is an SSc-specific autoantibody associated with a unique combination of clinical features, including limited skin sclerosis and lack of lung involvement.
Tradeoff between Gender and Class Equality: An Analysis of Tax Policy in Japan
Authors: Toyofuku Miki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Although conservative parties in developed countries are becoming more positive about women’s labor force participation, serious economic gender gaps persist in some conservative welfare regimes. By focusing on Japan as a most-likely case, this article reexamines the view that emphasizes conservative parties’ preference for traditional gender roles as a key factor contributing to policies that negatively affect gender equality. Analyses using text data from parliamentary statements reveal that parties’ preference for class equality, held by both conservative and leftist parties, contributes to a tax policy that suppresses women’s labor force participation. The findings illuminate a tradeoff between class and gender equality and provide implications for how conservative welfare regimes can achieve higher levels of economic gender equality.
Spatial analysis of renal acetaminophen metabolism and its modulation by 4-methylpyrazole with DESI mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Akakpo Jephte Yao , Olivos Hernando , Shrestha Bindesh , Midey Anthony , Jaeschke Hartmut , Ramachandran Anup 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in acetaminophen (APAP) overdose patients and can negatively impact prognosis. Unfortunately, N-acetylcysteine, which is the standard of care for the treatment of APAP hepatotoxicity does not prevent APAP-induced AKI. We have previously demonstrated the renal metabolism of APAP and identified fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole, 4MP) as a therapeutic option to prevent APAP-induced nephrotoxicity. However, the kidney has several functionally distinct regions, and the dose-dependent effects of APAP on renal response and regional specificity of APAP metabolism are unknown. These aspects were examined in this study using C57BL/6J mice treated with 300–1200 mg/kg APAP and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to provide spatial cues relevant to APAP metabolism and the effects of 4MP. We find that renal APAP metabolism and generation of the nonoxidative (APAP-GLUC and APAP-SULF) and oxidative metabolites (APAP-GSH, APAP-CYS, and APAP-NAC) were dose-dependently increased in the kidney. This was recapitulated on MSI which revealed that APAP overdose causes an accumulation of APAP and APAP GLUC in the inner medulla and APAP-CYS in the outer medulla of the kidney. APAP-GSH, APAP-NAC, and APAP-SULF were localized mainly to the outer medulla and the cortex where CYP2E1 expression was evident. Interestingly, APAP also induced a redistribution of reduced GSH, with an increase in oxidized GSH within the kidney cortex. 4MP ameliorated these region-specific variations in the formation of APAP metabolites in renal tissue sections. In conclusion, APAP metabolism has a distinct regional distribution within the kidney, the understanding of which provides insight into downstream mechanisms of APAP-induced nephrotoxicity.
Temporal dynamics of stomatal regulation and carbon- and water-related traits for a native tree species in low subtropical China
Authors: Zhu Li-Wei , Li Yan-Qiong , Lu Long-Wei , Wang Jing-Yi , Du Jie , Zhao Ping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Stomata are pivotal in modulating water and carbon processes within plants. However, our understanding of the temporal dynamics of water- and carbon-related traits, as influenced by stomatal behavior, remains limited. Here, we explore how stomatal regulation behavior and water- and carbon-related traits vary with changing environments by examining the seasonal variations in these traits of the native tree species Schima superba Gardn. et Champ. in low subtropical China. In February, April and July of 2022, a series of water- and carbon-related traits were measured in the leaves and stems. The results showed that S. superba exhibited isohydric behavior in February when the soil dried out and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was lower but anisohydric behavior in April and July when the soil was wetter and VPD was higher. In February, nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) and their components increased, and a relatively large contribution of soluble sugars to the change in NSC was observed. In the branches and phloem, NSC and their components displayed a relatively high monthly variability, suggesting their role in maintaining carbon balance within the trees. Conversely, the NSC in the leaves demonstrated minimal monthly variability. The specific leaf area, as well as the concentration of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) per unit mass in leaves and the cumulative stem water release, exhibited a decrease with a reduction in soil water potential. Interestingly, the hydraulic conductivity remained consistent throughout this process. Furthermore, the relatively low monthly growth rate observed in February could suggest a carbon sink limitation. In conclusion, the increased NSC and decreased water status of S. superba under relatively stressed soil conditions indicated a trade-off between water and carbon storage. Our findings enhance our comprehension of the dynamics and regulation of water and carbon status in forests, thereby advancing the development of plant carbon and water process models under climate change scenarios.
Water storage capacity is inversely associated with xylem embolism resistance in tropical karst tree species
Authors: Liu Yan-Yan , Chao Lin , Li Zhong-Guo , Ma Lin , Hu Bao-Qing , Zhu Shi-Dan , Cao Kun-Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tropical karst habitats are characterized by limited and patchy soil, large rocky outcrops and porous substrates, resulting in high habitat heterogeneity and soil moisture fluctuations. Xylem hydraulic efficiency and safety can determine the drought adaptation and spatial distribution of woody plants growing in karst environments. In this study, we measured sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks), vulnerability to embolism, wood density, saturated water content, and vessel and pit anatomical characteristics in the branch stems of 12 evergreen tree species in a tropical karst seasonal rainforest in southwestern China. We aimed to characterize the effects of structural characteristics on hydraulic efficiency and safety. Our results showed that there was no significant correlation between Ks and hydraulic safety across the tropical karst woody species. Ks was correlated with hydraulic vessel diameter (r = 0.80, P &lt; 0.05) and vessel density (r = −0.60, P &lt; 0.05), while the stem water potential at 50 and 88% loss of hydraulic conductivity (P50 and P88) were both significantly correlated with wood density (P &lt; 0.05) and saturated water content (P = 0.052 and P &lt; 0.05, respectively). High stem water storage capacity was associated with low cavitation resistance possibly because of its buffering the moisture fluctuations in karst environments. However, both Ks and P50/P88 were decoupled from the anatomical traits of pit and pit membranes. This may explain the lack of tradeoff between hydraulic safety and efficiency in tropical karst evergreen tree species. Our results suggest that diverse hydraulic trait combination may facilitate species coexistence in karst environments with high spatial heterogeneity.
Bi-objective simulation optimization for online feedback control of variable speed limits considering uncertain traffic demands and compliance behaviours
Authors: Wei Xiang , Zheng Liang , Liu Pengjie , Zhang Shuaichao , Tang Hewei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Variable speed limits (VSL) stands out as a well-established and effective strategy to alleviate traffic congestion and enhance traffic safety on motorways. It allows variable message signs (VMSs) to dynamically determine the speed limits according to real-time traffic states. This paper introduces an innovative online feedback control approach designed to regulate speed limit values on VMSs, addressing multiple bottlenecks while considering their spatiotemporal constraints. Moreover, we offline optimize the gain coefficients of this feedback control approach in the simulation-based optimization (SBO) framework. Specifically, with average and variance of space-mean speeds as bi-objectives, a stochastic SBO model considering uncertain traffic demands and compliance behaviours is established and solved by a bi-objective surrogate-based promising area search (BOSPAS) algorithm. Real-field experiments conducted in Edmonton, Canada, demonstrate the well-performing bi-objectives of the proposed approach, especially in handling uncertain compliance behaviours and traffic demands. Compared with the uncontrolled scenario, the feedback control schemes with the offline optimized gain coefficients improve the average and variance of space-mean speeds by up to 16.2% and 20.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, by the comparison of detailed performances, it is found that the optimized control schemes perform better than the uncontrolled scheme from the overall and local aspects. In conclusion, this study puts forward a general framework that applies an online feedback control approach with gain coefficients optimized offline by an SBO method to deal with real-time decision-making problems under uncertainties.
Complications and outcomes after fixation of Lisfranc injuries at an urban level 1 trauma center
Authors: Sinkler Margaret A. , Benedick Alex , Kavanagh Michael , Alfonso Nicholas , Vallier Heather A. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate patients with tarsometatarsal fractures and dislocations and describe complications and secondary operations

METHODS:

Design: Retrospective cohort study

Setting:
Level 1 trauma center

Patient Selection Criteria:
Consecutive adults treated acutely for Lisfranc injuries with reduction and fixation using standard techniques of rigid medial fixation and flexible lateral fixation

Outcome Measures and Comparisons: Complications: infections, wound healing problems, nonunion, malunion, and post-traumatic arthrosis (PTA) and secondary unplanned procedures after minimum two-year radiographic follow-up.

RESULTS:
Mean age of the included 118 patients was 40 years (range, 18-73) and 96 (74%) were male. Comorbidities included obesity (n=32: 40%), diabetes mellitus (n=12: 9%), and tobacco use (n=67: 52%). Thirty (23%) were open injuries, and concomitant forefoot injuries were present in 47% and hindfoot injuries in 12%. Unplanned secondary procedures, including implant removals, were performed on 39 patients (33%), most often for removal of painful implants (26%) or infectious debridement (9%). 67 complications occurred, with PTA most frequent (37%). Deep infections occurred in 8%. On multivariate analysis, open injury (p=0.028, CI=1.22 – 30.63, OR=6.12) and concomitant forefoot injury (p=0.03, CI=1.12 – 9.76, OR=3.31 were independent risk factors for complication.

CONCLUSIONS:
Open Lisfranc injuries were associated with complications with deep infections occurring in 9%. Secondary procedures were most often performed for pain relief; the most common late complication was PTA, warranting counseling of patients about potential long-term sequelae of injury.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Hyperammonemia in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Rojas Christina R. , Chapman Jennifer , Regier Debra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Hyperammonemia is a serious clinical condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In the pediatric population, this is often caused by urea cycle disorders, acute liver failure, or other less common underlying etiologies. Children and teens with hyperammonemia can have a broad range of clinical findings, including vomiting, respiratory distress, and changes in mental status. As ammonia levels worsen, this presentation can progress to respiratory failure, encephalopathy, cerebral edema, seizures, and death. Given the risk of neurologic damage, timely identification and management of hyperammonemia is critical and includes initial resuscitation, early consultation with subspecialists, and initiation of appropriate therapies. It is important for pediatric emergency medicine providers to understand the clinical findings, causes, diagnosis, and management of hyperammonemia because they play a key role in the provision of effective, multidisciplinary care of these patients.
Estimation of auto-covariance of log hydraulic conductivity from Generalized Sub-Gaussian porosity and particle size random fields
Authors: Harrison M. , Riva M. , Mousavi Nezhad M. , Guadagnini A. 
Published: January 2024

We derive analytical formulations relating the spatial covariance (CY) of (log-transformed) hydraulic conductivities to auto- and cross-covariances of porosity (ϕ) and representative soil particle sizes within the framework of the classical Terzaghi model. The latter provides an empirical relationship which is widely used to obtain conductivity estimates. We frame the study within recent stochastic approaches and conceptualize appropriate transformations ofϕand representative soil particle size as Generalized Sub-Gaussian (GSG) spatially cross-correlated random processes. Consistency of the theoretical framework against sample distributions ofϕand particle size is assessed through the analysis of field data. A perturbation-based approach yields workable expressions ofCYupon truncating the otherwise exact analytical solution at given orders of approximations. Our analytical (truncated) log-conductivity covariance is in agreement with its Monte Carlo-based counterpart. A Global Sensitivity Analysis relying on classical Sobol indices quantifies the relative importance of all parameters embedded in the formulation ofCY. We show that parameters driving the GSG nature of the distribution of (transformed) porosity are key to the main features ofCY. We also document the relevance of properly capturing emergences of possible cross-correlations betweenϕand representative particle size to reconstruct conductivity fields.
The Effect of Electrode-Tissue Distance on Unipolar and Bipolar Voltage Electrograms for large-Tip, Ring-, and Mini-Electrodes
Authors: Schlageter Vincent , Luca Adrian , Badertscher Patrick , Krisai Philipp , Küffer Thomas , Spreen David , Katic Josip , Osswald Stefan , Schaer Beat , Sticherling Christian , Kühne Michael , Knecht Sven 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe characteristics of intracardiac unipolar and bipolar voltage electrograms (EGM) acquired by electrophysiological catheters depend on the electrode design and configuration.The aim of the study was to assess the impact of electrode design and distance from the myocardial electric source on the unipolar and bipolar intracardiac electrograms recorded with a multi-electrode ablation catheter do deduce a cut-off for far-field versus near-field discrimination.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed left atrial electroanatomical maps of 25 patients performed using an ablation catheter with a 4.5 mm tip-, mini- and 2 mm ring electrodes. The unipolar and bipolar EGMs were characterized based on peak-to-peak amplitude, signal duration (width), maximal slope, and relative power of the high frequency spectrum (HF_rel). Distances of the electrode from the tissue were calculated from the electroanatomic reconstruction.ResultsWe analyzed EGMs of 5183 catheter positions. The unipolar EGM of ring electrodes showed an increased amplitude (140%), slope (150%) and HF_rel (16% vs 11%) compared to the tip- and mini-electrodes. In contrast, for bipolar EGM, the tip-ring pair showed the largest amplitude, width, and slope. The median amplitude, slope, and HF_rel for the ring electrodes followed a power-law decay function with distance. A cut-off of 4 mm was determined for far-field versus near-field discrimination.ConclusionsWe showed a higher unipolar amplitude for small ring-electrodes compared to larger tip electrodes. Furthermore, a rapid decay of the amplitude, slope, and HF_rel with distance could be observed. The decay functions are suggestive for a near-field cut-off distance below 4mm from the tissue.
The Impact of Anesthesia on Ultrasonic Glymphatic Perturbation Protocol: Alertness, and Glymphatic Influx
Authors: Xiao Haijun , Shrestha Binita , Cruz Alexander Aviles , Iliff Jeffrey J , Porter Tyrone , Aryal Muna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe have recently discovered that transcranial low-intensity focused ultrasound can enhance glymphatic transport, which facilitates the removal of waste metabolites from the brain in a preclinical rat model [1]. The central hypothesis was that ultrasound, functioning as a pressure wave, has the potential to influence the convective forces generated by arterial pulsations, which are also pressure waves, serving as the primary mechanism for glymphatic transport. Importantly, our data revealed that (i) the ultrasound protocol (650 kHz at 0.2MPa for 10 minutes to the entire brain) is safe, as histological evaluations showed no parenchymal damage and no difference in levels of neuronal degeneration or astrocytic activation 72 hours after the intervention, and (ii) the required pressure is significantly low, 10 times below FDA-approved limits for diagnostic ultrasound, and can be achieved using existing FDA-approved clinical transcranial focused ultrasound systems, suggesting its ease of translation into clinical applications. However, the study was conducted under specific physiological states with approximately 2.5% isoflurane-induced anesthesia. There is a limitation in fully understanding the potential bioeffects of ultrasound within the glymphatic space across various physiological conditions, primarily because the glymphatic transport’s efficiency fluctuates with anesthetically induced physiological states. Hence, establishing standardized protocols of ultrasonic glymphatic transport at optimal physiological state is crucial for ensuring consistent, reliable results across research laboratories during the preclinical development of this technique. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate how ultrasonically manipulated glymphatic transport is influenced by different levels of isoflurane-induced anesthetic conditions, including 3% (just above 2.5%), 2% (slightly below 2.5%), and 1.5% (quasi-awake state, resembling the existing clinical practice of ultrasound treatment). Results show that the impact of ultrasound during glymphatic transport depends on the level of anesthesia. It increases alertness in lightly anesthetized animals and improves glymphatic transport, while it induces drowsiness in heavily anesthetized animals, leading to reduced glymphatic transport. The results suggest that lighter anesthesia is beneficial for efficient ultrasonic glymphatic transport, making it more in line with the awake state in current clinical ultrasound treatments, thus advancing the technology closer to clinical translation.
Comprehensive single-cell atlas of the mouse retina
Authors: Li Jin , Choi Jongsu , Cheng Xuesen , Ma Justin , Pema Shahil , Sanes Joshua R. , Mardon Graeme , Frankfort Benjamin J. , Tran Nicholas M. , Li Yumei , Chen Rui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has advanced our understanding of cellular heterogeneity at the single-cell resolution by classifying and characterizing cell types in multiple tissues and species. While several mouse retinal scRNA-seq reference datasets have been published, each dataset either has a relatively small number of cells or is focused on specific cell classes, and thus is suboptimal for assessing gene expression patterns across all retina types at the same time. To establish a unified and comprehensive reference for the mouse retina, we first generated the largest retinal scRNA-seq dataset to date, comprising approximately 190,000 single cells from C57BL/6J mouse whole retinas. This dataset was generated through the targeted enrichment of rare population cells via antibody-based magnetic cell sorting. By integrating this new dataset with public datasets, we conducted an integrated analysis to construct the Mouse Retina Cell Atlas (MRCA) for wild-type mice, which encompasses over 330,000 single cells. The MRCA characterizes 12 major classes and 138 cell types. It captured consensus cell type characterization from public datasets and identified additional new cell types. To facilitate the public use of the MRCA, we have deposited it in CELLxGENE, UCSC Cell Browser, and the Broad Single Cell Portal for visualization and gene expression exploration. The comprehensive MRCA serves as an easy-to-use, one-stop data resource for the mouse retina communities.