bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
c‐Myc localization within the nucleus: Evidence for association with the PML nuclear body
Authors: Smith Kelly P. , Byron Meg , O'Connell Brenda C. , Tam Rose , Schorl Christoph , Guney Isil , Hall Lisa L. , Agrawal Pooja , Sedivy John M. , Lawrence Jeanne B. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractDefinitive localization of c‐Myc within the nucleus is important to fully understand the regulation and function of this oncoprotein. Studies of c‐Myc distribution, however, have produced conflicting results. To overcome technical challenges inherent in c‐Myc cytology, we use here three methods to visualize c‐Myc and in addition examine the impact of proteasome inhibition. EYFP or HA‐tagged Myc was reintroduced by stable transfection intomycnull diploid rat fibroblasts, replacing endogenous Myc with tagged Myc expressed at or near normal levels. This tagged Myc is shown to functionally replace the endogenous Myc by restoration of normal cell morphology and growth rate. We were able to confirm key findings using antibodies to the endogenous c‐Myc and/or its partner, Max. Contrary to some published reports, by all three methods the c‐Myc protein in rat fibroblasts distributes predominantly throughout the nucleus in a dispersed granular pattern, avoiding the nucleolus. Importantly, however, several findings provide evidence for an unanticipated relationship between c‐Myc and PML nuclear bodies, which is enhanced under conditions of proteasome inhibition. Evidence of Max concentration within PML bodies is shown both with and without proteasome inhibition, strengthening the relationship between PML bodies and Myc/Max. Some accumulation of Myc and Max in nucleoli upon proteasome inhibition is also observed, although co‐localization of ubiquitin was only seen with PML bodies. This work provides a comprehensive study of c‐Myc distribution and also presents the first evidence of a relationship between turnover of this oncoprotein and PML nuclear bodies, known to break down in certain cancers. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electron transfer in bis(hydrazines), a critical test for application of the Marcus model
Authors: Blomgren Fredrik , Larsson Sven , Nelsen Stephen F. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractElectron transfer in the cations of bis(hydrazines), bridged by six different π‐systems (compounds 1–6) is studied using ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) methods. Due to ionization from an antibonding combination of the lone‐pair orbitals of the nitrogens in one of the hydrazine units, conjugation is introduced in the NN bond of that unit. This leads to a shortening of the NN bond distance and an increase of the planarity around the nitrogens. Due to steric hindrance, this causes an increase of the angle, called φ, between the lone‐pair orbital on the nitrogen attached to the bridge and the p‐orbital on the adjacent bridge carbon for the ionized unit in the charge localized, relaxed state of the molecule. This angle controls the magnitude of the electronic coupling. In the fully delocalized symmetric transition state of the ion, however, this angle is low for both units, due to the fact that the conjugation introduced at the ionized hydrazine unit is now shared between both units. An extended π‐system is formed including the orbitals of the hydrazine units and the bridge, which leads to a large electronic coupling. The electronic coupling derived by optical methods, corresponding to the structure of the relaxed, asymmetric cation with a large φ for the ionized unit, appears to be much smaller. We believe this is due to an approximate cosine dependence on φ of the coupling. The calculations carried out support these conclusions. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 655–664, 2001
Software news and updates
Authors: Dijkstra Fokke , van Lenthe Joop H. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA parallel version of the valence bond program TURTLE has been developed. In this version the calculation of matrix elements is distributed over the processors. The implementation has been done using the message‐passing interface (MPI), and is, therefore, portable. The parallel version of the program is shown to be quite efficient with a speed‐up of 55 at 64 processors. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 665–672, 2001
Benzdiynes revisited: ab initio and density functional theory
Authors: Arulmozhiraja Sundaram , Sato Tadatake , Yabe Akira 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAb initio and density functional theory (DFT) studies were performed on three isomers of tetradehydrobenzene (benzdiynes). Four different density functionals (BPW91, BLYP, B3LYP, and B1LYP) and two higher levels of theory [QCISD and CCSD(T)] incorporating basis sets up to Dunning's correlation‐consistent polarized valence triple‐ζ (cc‐pVTZ) were utilized for this purpose. Stability tests showed that more stable solutions were available for 1,4‐benzdiyne with unrestricted than with restricted DFT, while solutions obtained with later descriptions of 1,3‐benzdiyne and 1,2,3,5‐tetradehydrobenzene were stable. UB3LYP provided better geometry for 1,4‐benzdiyne. Unlike in an earlier study, the energy difference between 1,2,3,5‐tetradehydrobenzene and 1,4‐benzdiyne calculated with the B3LYP functional coincided well with that calculated at CCSD(T): 13.07 and 14.32 kcal/mol at the B3LYP/cc‐pVTZ and CCSD(T)/cc‐pVTZ levels, respectively. 1,2,3,5‐Tetradehydrobenzene was 8 kcal/mol more stable than 1,3‐benzdiyne at the CCSD(T)/cc‐pVTZ level. The heats of formation of benzdiynes were obtained by using the G2, CBS‐Q, and CBS‐QB3 methodologies. The heats of formation calculated for 1,3‐benzdiyne and 1,2,3,5‐tetradehydrobenzene were 208.6 and 197.9 kcal/mol, respectively, at the CBS‐QB3 level of theory. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 923–930, 2001
A theoretical study of solvent effect and reaction mechanism of electron transfer reaction between indole side chain and phenol side chain of peptide involving tryptophan and tyrosine
Authors: Li Xiang‐Yuan , Liu Ji‐Feng 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe mechanisms for the electron transfer between the indole side chain and phenol side chain of peptides involving tryptophan and tyrosine have been studied by ab initio calculation in this work. The solvent effect has been considered by using the conductor‐like screening model (COSMO). Three mechanisms including the two‐proton elimination mechanism, the hole transfer without proton deprotonation, and the step‐by‐step mechanism for the electron transfer processes between indole and phenol have been discussed. From the theoretical calculations, we can conclude that, for the electron transfer between indole and phenol, and consequently between tryptophan and tyrosine, a deprotonation process is necessary, otherwise the ET process is difficult to proceed. There are two deprotonation cases that make the successive electron transfer feasible: one is that both the proton attached to indole N and that attached to phenol O, are removed before the ET process, the other is that the proton attached to indole N is first removed, then the proton attached to O of phenol group transfers to the indole group, and the ET follows. The comparison between our theoretical predication and the experimental conclusion has been made. The influence of the donor‐acceptor distance on the ET rate constant for the intramolecular electron transfer has been investigated in solution. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 1067–1081, 2001
IMiCMO: a new integrated ab initio multicenter molecular orbitals method for molecular dynamics calculations in solvent cluster systems
Authors: Morita Shoji , Sakai Shogo 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA new computational scheme integrating ab initio multicenter molecular orbitals for determining forces of individual atoms in large cluster systems is presented. This method can be used to treat systems of many molecules, such as solvents by quantum mechanics. The geometry parameters obtained for three models of water clusters by the present method are compared with those obtained by the full ab initio MO method. The results agree very well. The scheme proposed in this article also intended for use in modeling cluster systems using parallel algorithms. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 1107–1112, 2001
From childhood trauma to adult well‐being through psychosocial assistance of Chilean families
Authors: Punamäki Raija‐Leena 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis study examined whether psychosocial assistance in childhood predicted coping strategies, family atmosphere, learning experiences and mental health in adulthood. Participants were 153 Chileans (14–30 years old) who, as children, had lost a family member through political imprisonment, execution, disappearance, or expulsion from the country. SEM‐modeling revealed that early timing and substantial duration of psychosocial assistance in childhood predicted good mental health and positive learning experiences in adulthood via effective coping strategies. In addition, a family atmosphere characterized by high cohesion and a low level of conflict associated with good mental health and positive learning experiences. Both the nature of childhood trauma and the timing and duration of assistance turned out to be crucial for later resourcefulness and well‐being. Children who had lost a parent as executed or disappeared were the most task‐oriented and conscientious students and enjoyed a harmonious family life. Early initiation and substantial duration of assistance predicted lower levels of poor mental health symptoms (posttraumatic, depressive, anxiety, somatic, and aggressive) in adulthood. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sarason's context of productive learning: Towards the development of a measure to assess teacher goals
Authors: Forbes‐Jones Emma L. , Cowen Emory L. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe authors developed a 40‐item teacher‐completed measure designed to assess educational goals, including Sarason's concept of a context of productive learning (COPL). Elementary‐level teachers from schools across a range of sociodemographic contexts rated the importance of each of several goals. Factor analysis identified four factors: Traditional Learning, Context of Productive Learning (COPL), Teacher Control, and Meeting Requirements. Teachers who reported high levels of enjoyment of teaching and those teaching in the lower grades had higher scores on the COPL factor than their opposites. Also, teachers who reported that their teaching objectives had been shaped more by personal values and experiences than by training and supervision had higher COPL factor scores. Needed future steps include refinement of its item composition, replication with a larger sample, and exploration of its relationship to (a) actual teacher behaviors in the classroom and (b) pertinent child educational and behavioral outcomes. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Who joins a preventive intervention? How risk status predicts enrollment
Authors: Ireys Henry T. , DeVet Katherine A. , Chernoff Robin 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe objective of this study was to identify social, psychological, and health‐related variables that predict mothers' refusals to join a prevention program for families of children with chronic illnesses. A two‐step recruitment process was used with 193 families of children with chronic illnesses. First, families were recruited for a longitudinal research survey. Then, mothers were given the opportunity to randomly receive one of two programs. Mothers who refused the opportunity to participate in either program continued in the research project. Data were collected through structured interviews at baseline and 12 months later. Compared to mothers who agreed to participate in one of the programs, those who refused reported more confidence, more support, and less depression and higher functional status and better adjustment in their child. Mothers who agree to participate in a longitudinal research effort but refuse to participate in an intervention program are likely to be functioning well, and may perceive no need for a program designed to prevent mental health problems. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The communication of empathy in couples during the transition to parenthood
Authors: Pistrang Nancy , Picciotto Anna , Barker Chris 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis study examined how empathy is communicated and experienced in the helping interactions of couples expecting their first baby. Eighteen couples took part in a semistructured communication task, and then, in a tape‐assisted recall session, identified helper responses that were high and low in empathy. Qualitative data analysis yielded five themes characterizing high empathy responses—checking out or exploring meaning, acknowledging the concern, articulating meaning or summarizing, offering solutions, and a mutual experience—and five themes characterizing low empathy responses—missing the point, dismissing the concern, offering solutions, redirecting the conversation, and persuading. The findings suggest both similarities and differences between the communication of empathy in this population and existing theoretical conceptions of empathy in psychological therapy. Implications for preventive interventions for couples are discussed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Color doppler sonography for ventral hernias in patients with acute abdomen: Preliminary findings
Authors: Liang Ren‐Jow , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Huang Shih‐Pei , Wu Ming‐Shiang , Lin Jaw‐Town 
Published: October 2004

AbstractPurposeWe assessed the usefulness of color Doppler sonography (CDUS) in evaluating the vascular status of ventral hernias and distinguishing incarcerated from nonincarcerated ventral hernias.MethodsIn this prospective study, 10 patients who presented with acute abdomen and had ventral hernias underwent CDUS from August 1999 to May 2000. Patient age and sex and the clinical severity, mode of therapy, and outcome in these 10 patients were evaluated in relationship to the CDUS findings.ResultsFive patients had readily visible flow in the bowel within the hernial sac on CDUS. Two of these 5 had spontaneous reduction under conservative treatment, and 3 had asymptomatic ventral hernias with acute abdomen caused by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Barely visible flow was visualized in the bowel by CDUS in 4 other patients. Three of these underwent emergency surgery because of peritoneal signs; 2 of them were found to have ischemic changes in the bowel. The fourth patient underwent a successful manual reduction. The remaining patient had absent flow in the bowel on CDUS and underwent emergency surgery, which revealed gangrenous changes in the bowel.ConclusionsThe intensity of the Doppler signals on CDUS appears to be a promising predictor of bowel viability in cases of ventral hernia. Thus, CDUS should impact the determination of the treatment plan, including whether to provide conservative treatment or surgery. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 29:435–440, 2001.
Sonographic appearance of aggressive angiomyxoma of the scrotum
Authors: De La Ossa Margarita , Castellano‐Sanchez Amilcar , Alvarez Elena , Smoak William , Robinson Morton J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare, locally infiltrative tumor that occurs almost exclusively in the pelvic and perineal regions of women of childbearing age. We report the unusual case of a 26‐year‐old man with an AAM presenting as a slowly enlarging scrotal mass. Gray‐scale scrotal sonography demonstrated a well‐demarcated, hypoechoic, extratesticular, extraepididymal mass with multiple thin, echogenic internal septa. The mass arose inferior to the left testicle and displaced the testicle cephalad. Color Doppler sonography revealed surrounding vascularity but no Doppler signals within the mass. The testicles and epididymides demonstrated normal echogenicity and vascularity. Histologic examination of the excised mass revealed a well‐demarcated, nonencapsulated lesion composed of spindle‐shaped cells in a myxoid background with a prominent vascular component. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 29:476–478, 2001.
Sonographic findings in type I glycogen storage disease
Authors: Pozzato Carlo , Botta Anna , Melgara Chiara , Fiori Laura , Giannì Maria Lorella , Riva Enrica 
Published: October 2004

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to document the sonographic appearance and dimensions of the liver and spleen in patients affected by type I glycogen storage disease and to correlate those findings with laboratory data to evaluate the potential role of sonography in diagnosing that disease.MethodsFourteen patients (age range, 3–26 years; 10 patients younger than 18 years) with type I glycogen storage disease proved by liver biopsy were studied prospectively with gray‐scale sonography, color Doppler sonography, and spectral analysis. The liver, kidneys, spleen, portal system, hepatic veins, and hepatic arteries were evaluated. Laboratory data were correlated with sonographic findings.ResultsIn 13 (93%), of 14 patients, the liver was enlarged, and in 11 patients (79%), hepatic echogenicity was increased. In 9 patients (64%), both kidneys were enlarged, and in 6 cases (43%), the spleen was enlarged. In all patients, flow in the portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins was hepatopetal, and flow in the hepatic veins was triphasic. In 5 patients (36%), both triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were higher than normal. No focal hepatic lesions were identified. Analysis found no significant association between sonographic findings and laboratory data.ConclusionsThe most frequent sonographic findings in patients with type I glycogen storage disease were hepatomegaly, increased hepatic echogenicity, and enlarged kidneys. Sonography may help in the diagnosis of type I glycogen storage disease, but a liver biopsy is required for a definitive diagnosis. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 29:456–461, 2001.
Inexpensive holder for hand‐trimming resin‐embedded tissues
Authors: Wise Robert R. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA simple and inexpensive mount for securely holding resin‐embedded tissues for trimming prior to sectioning for light or electron microscopy is described. The unit is composed of a base plate from which a 12.7‐mm drill chuck protrudes. A tissue block is clamped into a microtome chuck and that is mounted in the drill chuck. A standard dissecting microscope is placed over the unit and used to magnify the block for trimming. Total cost of materials is estimated to be $20–40 USD. Microsc. Res. Tech. 56:306–307, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Localization of metals in cells of saprophagous soil arthropods (Isopoda, Diplopoda, Collembola)
Authors: Köhler Heinz‐R. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis review summarizes results on the intracellular distribution of metals in cells of woodlice (Isopoda), millipedes (Diplopoda), and springtails (Collembola), which are three major groups of saprophagous arthropods contributing to the turnover of soil organic matter. Although the impact of metals and also metal pollution has inevitably been shown at levels of higher biological organization than subcellular mechanisms in these animal groups, the aim of this review is to focus exclusively on storage sites and aspects of intracellular metal metabolism. Thus, methodologically, results obtained by microscopical techniques such as histochemistry, X‐ray microanalysis, energy filter transmission electron microscopy, or laser microprobe mass spectrometry were given preference. Results from atomic absorption spectrophotometry of cellular fractions were kept to a minimum. In all three taxa, the main intracellular metal storage sites are various types of “granules” which are widely distributed throughout cell types associated with the digestive system. Microsc. Res. Tech. 56:393–401, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellular and subcellular distribution of metals in molluscs
Authors: Marigómez Ionan , Soto Manu , Cajaraville Miren P. , Angulo Eduardo , Giamberini Laure 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe cellular processes involved in metal metabolism in molluscs are reviewed, with emphasis on the contribution of microscopy (AMG, ARG, EPMA, and SIMS) to both basic research of metal cell biology and applied environmental research. In molluscs, metal uptake may occur by facilitated diffusion, active transport, or endocytosis, and can be enhanced by MT synthesis or formation of mineralized granules. In aquatic molluscs, gills constitute a key interface for dissolved metal uptake, where metals are bound to MT, incorporated into lysosomes, and released basally towards the blood plasma and circulating hemocytes. However, particulate metal uptake is mainly achieved via the digestive tract by endocytosis; further metals are transferred first to lysosomes and then to residual bodies, especially in the digestive cells of the digestive gland. Additionally, metals can be accumulated selectively in specific cell types. As ligands pools differ from cell to cell, different metals may be retained in different cell types. Class “a” metals are localized in cells with granules composed of carbonate, oxalate, phosphate, and sulfate (oxygen donors), whereas “b” metals are associated with those cell types rich in sulfur and nitrogen ligands (sulfur donors). In molluscs, oxygen donors occur in connective tissue calcium cells and basophilic cells, whereas sulfur donors are present in digestive cells, podocytes, nephrocytes, and rhogocytes. Hemocytes, which constitute the most relevant system for metal transport between tissues, move around the body and may penetrate tissues and remove metals from the inner medium to be accumulated in lysosomes as nondigested products. Rhogocytes also participate in metal mobilization, accumulation, and release. The assessment of metal levels in target cells of sentinel molluscs by microscopic techniques provides an early‐warning measure, with promising applications as an exposure biomarker for environmental monitoring programs. Microsc. Res. Tech. 56:358–392, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo structural imaging of the rat brain with a 3‐T clinical human scanner
Authors: Pfefferbaum Adolf , Adalsteinsson Elfar , Sullivan Edith V. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractPurposeTo examine the feasibility of using product acquisition software on a 3‐T human MRI system to acquire high‐resolution structural brain images in the rat.Materials and MethodsThree sets of dual spin‐echo, high‐resolution (0.234 × 0.234 mm in‐plane, 0.5 mm thick) images covering the entire rat brain were collected and averaged in 66 min. The images had sufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and resolution for visual identification and manual outlining of exemplary structures, including the lateral ventricles and dorsal and ventral portions of the hippocampus. Further, the data were adequate for unsupervised, automated segmentation, permitting quantification of the dorsolateral ventricles. The images compared favorably with those collected on a 7‐T system.ResultsInterrater reliabilities (intraclass correlations) of manual ventricular scoring were greater than 0.97, and manual vs. automated correlations were 0.97. The variability of lateral ventricular size across animals was substantially higher than that of the hippocampus.ConclusionThe large variability of some brain structures that can exist across even a highly selected strain of rats can readily be detected with the use of human 3‐T systems for the study of small animals. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;20:779–785. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.