bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response and Behaviour of Granular Pile in Layered Soil
Authors: Patel Surendra , Rathor Ajay Pratap Singh , Solanki Ashish , Sharma Jitendra Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The PLAXIS software is used to determine the parameters that have a major impact on the load settlement and chances of bulging failure in a granular pile (stone column). The present work analyses performance of granular pile laying in different soil layers using the finite element approach. In numerical analyses used the Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria. A granular pile through finite element modeling by PLAXIS 2D. The analysis focused on the case of a vertically loaded granular pile in axis-symmetric conditions, considering a layered soil profile. The results of this study are represented as Load versus Settlement graphs, taking into account various length-to-diameter ratios (L/D = 7.5, 9, 12.5) of the granular pile and various amounts of internal friction angle (Φ) and cohesion (C). This study investigates the one, two, and three layering systems to understand their properties regarding the way a granular pile acts and the overall ground improvement. The bulging behavior of the granular pile is represented by the graph showing depth versus bulging. The primary goal is to analyze the granular pile's response under various prescribe settlement, and gain a better understanding of its load-bearing capacity, deformation properties, and relationship of the adjacent ground with the granular pile.
Adaptive security System Implementation for Internet of Vehicle communication network
Authors: Elomda Mahmoud , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Abdelaziz Mahmoud 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Internet of Vehicle (IoV) communication technology has recently improved traffic flow and vehicle movement within 5G systems. The IoV uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) as part of the 5G mobile network to increase the number of channels for broad communication. In addition to managing different types of traffic - Video, Audio, Data, and Control while requiring reliability and security measures through its Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) network, IoV poses various challenges that need addressing. To tackle these issues effectively, an adaptive security algorithm is developed with a focus on enhancing traffic safety against passive or active attacks by prioritizing based on channel availability and importance. Furthermore, details about the FPGA implementation to validate our system's design goals and evaluate our proposed algorithm's performance concerning communication overheads and latency reduction strategies are utilized.
Cis/Etop chemotherapy as a ray of hope in mixed adeno- neuroendocrine carcinoma of colon: a case report
Authors: Rasta Sara , Rashidian Maryam , Bastan Fatemeh , Rajabnia Mohsen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Mixed adeno-neuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) is a rare pathological diagnosis reported by the World Health Organization in 2010 for the first time. Neuroendocrine tumors are characterized by rapid progression.
Case Presentation: A 70-year-old man who complained about anemia, diarrhea and significant weight loss did colonoscopy. Biopsy showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma. Biopsy upon surgical rectosigmoid resection revealed a mixed neuroendocrine-adenocarcinoma. Chemotherapy with fofox6 regimen was started but after eight months, tumor relapsed in anastomosis site of surgery involving para aortic lymph nodes and growth of tumor had led to gastrointestinal obstruction symptom. We did relieving surgery and changed chemotherapy regimen to cisplatin/etoposide regimen. He responded to the treatment well, and the mass almost disappeared.
Conclusions: The optimal strategy for management of mixed endocrine tumor is variable as they present rare and atypical. Adjuvant chemotherapy play a critical role in the treatment and survival due to MANEC aggressive progression and recurrence. Our data derived from this case may be essential for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of MANEC patients’ symptoms.
A comprehensive analysis of enhanced microfluidic device for detection of Pathogenic Bacteria and CTCs in the bloodstream
Authors: Brahma Muktimani , Kumar R , Narzary Trigunesh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the current research scenario, microfluidics has gained immense attention in the field of medical diagnostics. However, a decisive platform for segregating multiple bioparticles like pathogenic bacteria, and CTCs from blood cells needs to be instigated. This paper proposes a microfluidic chip for the segregation of multiple bioparticles like pathogenic bacteria and CTCs from blood cells. Utilizing the Navier- Stokes equation for configuring the fluid flow in the microchannel, the study leverages the dielectrophoresis technique for manipulating target bacterial and cancer cells with a diameter of 1 µm and 16–30 µm respectively. The main channel of the microfluidic device has uniquely designed electrodes to generate the non-uniform electric field for manipulating the particles through different outlets. The blood, bacteria, and cancer cells are introduced through the inlet at the velocity of 100 µl/s and the buffer solution with a flow velocity of 700 µl/s. The analysis showed that at the electrode voltage of 14 Vp-p, the target bioparticles are separated efficiently. The chip is designed using the COMSOL Multiphysics tool, an advanced and promising platform for early detection of bloodstream bacterial infection and CTCs with perfect separation efficiency and purity.
Assessing the Clinical Outcomes of Dazhu Hongjingtian Injection for the Management of Stable and Unstable Angina: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Song Tian , Che Qianzi , Liang Ning , Guo Jing , Liu Xiaoyu , Yang Lu , Jiang Yin , Shi Nannan , Wang Yanping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The global rise in angina pectoris, a symptom of coronary artery disease, is primarily attributed to an aging population and increasing prevalence of comorbidities. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of Dazhu Hongjingtian injection (DZHJTI) as an adjunct treatment for both stable and unstable angina, thereby addressing a significant gap in current cardiac care research.
Methods
This comprehensive study involves two parallel prospective cohorts across 28 medical centers in China, enrolling 1,500 patients with stable angina and 2,000 with unstable angina. Participants are randomized into two groups: one receiving the DZHJTI alongside standard therapy, and the other receiving standard therapy alone. The study employs advanced statistical methods like Subgroup Analysis (SGA) and Marginal Mean Weighting Through Stratification (MMWS) to analyze data accurately.
Discussion
The primary outcome of this study is the reduction in the frequency of angina attacks post-treatment. Secondary outcomes include evaluation of patient wellbeing through clinical measures such as nitrate dosage requirements, vital sign stability, ECG changes, and laboratory data. Patient-reported outcomes from targeted questionnaires will also be assessed to understand the impact on quality of life. The study's results are expected to contribute significantly to the understanding of DZHJTI's role in treating angina pectoris, potentially influencing future treatment guidelines.
Trial registration:
http://itmctr.ccebtcm.org.cn/ , ITMCTR2022000006
Securing climate, livelihoods, and nutrition outcomes of India's dairy sector
Authors: Jain Abhishek , Goyal Ruchira 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The dairy sector is crucial to India’s agriculture and economy, providing essential nutrients to Indian diets and supporting 80 million farmers. However, it is also the largest greenhouse gas emitter in India’s food system. There is a notable gap in the literature in simultaneously assessing the three sustainability objectives — economic, social and environmental — translating to securing the sector's livelihoods, nutrition, and climate outcomes. Using a systems perspective and employing diverse methodologies such as decomposition analysis, econometrics, and system archetyping on a range of official datasets on livestock, milk production, consumption, and farmer incomes, we identify and evaluate pathways to achieve the three simultaneous outcomes. We find stark regional variations in dairy production systems, high inequity and unaffordability of milk consumption, and a potentially worsening effect of and on the sector by climate change. We find that interventions for productivity enhancement can mitigate the sector's climate impact but may have different (including unintended) impacts across different typologies of producers. Therefore, the current policy approach of one-size-fits-all may not work for the sector’s sustainability transition. Instead, we need producer typology-specific interventions considering their unintended and system-wide consequences for the sector’s just transition.
PCMA-UNet: a hybrid attention mechanism based on UNet3+ for stroke segmentation networks
Authors: Huang Xiaoyu , Li Yang , Zhou Yuting , Zhang Xihan , Yan Bobo , Zhou Yan , Wang Wendong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease, which may lead to disability and death. The accurate segmentation of stroke lesions is of great significance for clinical diagnosis and patient prognosis. The existing deep learning mainstream segmentation network has made some progress in the direction of auxiliary diagnosis, but it lacks of attention to spatial information and location information, and cannot adapt well to lesions with different shapes and locations. Therefore, a hybrid attention mechanism of stroke segmentation network PCMA-UNet was proposed. With UNet3+ as the basic framework, pyramid Squeeze attention was used to extract spatial information of different scales in the feature map, and coordinate attention was introduced to strengthen the remote dependence relationship in the feature space and highlight the key information of lesion location. Multi scale attention was introduced at the end of the model to highlight the most significant feature maps in different scales to adapt to the adjustment of the current segmentation lesion size. Experiments were conducted on the cooperative hospital stroke dataset AIS and ISLES2022, respectively. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can effectively segment the stroke lesion region, improve the segmentation accuracy and provide a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis.
From bristle to brain: embryonic development of labeled lines in the antennal nervous system of the locust Schistocerca gregaria
Authors: Boyan George , Ehrhardt Erica 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The antennal flagellum of the locust S. gregaria is an articulated structure bearing a spectrum of sensory sensilla that encode environmental stimuli mediating adaptive behavior. In this study we focus on the basiconic-type bristles as a model for sensory system development in the antenna. At the end of embryogenesis these bristles are found at conserved locations on each apical segment of the flagellum, are innervated by a dendrite from a sensory cell cluster in the underlying epithelium with each cluster directing an axon topographically to an antennal tract and the brain. We employ confocal imaging and immunolabeling to (a) identify mitotically active sense organ precursors for sensory cell clusters in the most apical annuli of the early embryonic antenna; (b) follow the subsequent differentiation of their neuronal progeny; and (c) map the spatial and temporal organization of axonal projections into the antennal tracts. We show that early in embryogenesis proliferative precursors are localized circumferentially within discrete epithelial domains of the flagellum. Differentiation of their clonal progeny begins apically and proceeds in a basal direction along the antenna so that the oldest neuronal populations are near the antennal tip with progressively younger populations located more basally. Autotracing reveals that axon fasciculation with a tract is sequential and reflects the location and age of the cell cluster along the flagellum. Cell cluster location and bristle location on the cuticle are therefore encoded topographically and temporally within the axon profile of the tract and its projection to the brain.
Dynamic Load Balancing in Multipath zone-based Energy-Consuming Routing Protocol for Wireless Ad hoc Network
Authors: Sahu Neetu Neetu , Veenadhari S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a self-organized wireless system consisting of autonomous mobile nodes. It aims to provide reliable and secure communication in the world of wireless mobile devices. Energy consumption poses a significant challenge in MANETs due to limited battery life. Efficient energy management is crucial to sustain network connectivity and prolong the lifespan of individual nodes. To address these challenges, the Internet Engineering Task Force has proposed procedures like bandwidth optimization, transmission quality enhancement, and power control. In wireless networks, energy conservation is vital for sustainable performance and longevity. Limited energy capacity in battery-powered nodes imposes constraints on network performance. Increased network traffic leads to higher energy consumption, depleting individual node reserves. Extending network lifespan and ensuring efficient energy utilization are crucial for MANET sustainability. Reducing energy consumption in specific nodes improves overall network quality and prolongs individual node battery life. A routing protocol capable of analysing energy and power becomes essential in this context. Zone-Based Technology offers a promising solution by creating virtual organizations called zones, where energy consumption can be effectively managed and balanced. Existing energy-aware routing protocols in ad hoc networks have not fully addressed energy consumption issues. Zone-based multipath routing emerges as a potential solution to balance energy levels and prolong network lifespan. In this paper, we propose the Dynamic Load Balancing in Multipath Energy-Consuming Routing Protocol for Wireless Ad hoc Network (DLB-MERP). DLB-MERP is a zone-based protocol derived from the AOMDV (Ad hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector) routing protocol, integrating load balancing capabilities. Leveraging zone-based technology, DLB-MERP selects paths based on high energy and power availability, aiming to reduce energy consumption while ensuring efficient data forwarding. Leader nodes are selected within each zone based on energy level, Load balancing and channel strength. The protocol incorporates energy, distance, load and power analysis to maintain high energy circulation within the network and expedite the path discovery process. Selecting leader nodes and data forward nodes optimizes energy consumption. Multipath technology is employed by each node to enhance network resilience and reliability. Leader nodes play a vital role in gathering data from all zone members within the zone-based environment. Therefore, the design of a zone-based energy-efficient algorithm like DLB-MERP is pivotal in enhancing overall network lifespan and performance.
Anchoring MoS2 microflowers on oxygen-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets to construct Z-Scheme hybrid compositesfor efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Jia Tiekun , Deng Zhao , Yu Dongsheng , Fu Fang , Zhang Qian , Wang Yinao , Hu Ji , Li Jili , Lee Joong Hee 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Fabricating carbon nitride (g-C3N4) based photocatalysts with high visible-light utilization efficiency and rapid photo-generated carrier migration rate is crucial for the improvement of photocatalytic hydrogen production (PHP). Herein, we first took a simple thermal condensation polymerization route to prepare oxygen-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets (O-CNS) with porous structure. Subsequently, MoS2 microflowers were anchored onto the O-CNS surface to construct Z-scheme O-CNS/MoS2 hybrid composites via a facile ultrasound sonication method. The obtained O-CNS/MoS2 composites possessed boosting visible-light absorption capacity, revealed by the results of the diffraction reflectance spectra (DRS). In contrast to bulk g-C3N4 (u-CNB) and O-CNS samples, the obtained O-CNS/MoS2 composites displayed enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen behavior. Specifically, the O-CNS/MoS2 photocatalysts with 5wt% loading of MoS2 exhibited the highest hydrogen production rate (HPR), which was respectively 26.5 and 1.97 times bigger than that of u-CNB and O-CNS sample correspondingly. The obtained PHP results for O-CNS/MoS2 composites signified that the loading amount of MoS2 impacted greatly on the HPR, and the optimum loading amount of MoS2 was conductive to the substantial promotion of the photocatalytic hydrogen performance. This promoted photocatalytic hydrogen behavior was plausibly originated from the synergistic effect of the porous structure, the improved light absorption capacity and enhanced photoactivated carrier migration rate. In accordance to comprehensive analysis, the proposed migration and separation pathway of photoactivated carriers were put forward for interpreting the enhancement mechanism of the photocatalytic hydrogen behavior. Our work will open up an innovative strategy for the conception and preparation of novel g-C3N4 hybrid photocatalysts with boosting photocatalytic hydrogen production behavior.
Brachial Artery Thrombosis following Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy of Cholangiocarcinoma – A rare occurrence
Authors: Tafese Abenezer Melaku , Adela Amanuel Yegnanew , Kebede Assefa Getachew , Tegegne Aklilu Sinte , Asare Elsabeth Tizazu , Awol Munir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Thromboembolism is the cause of significant mortality and morbidity in cancer patients. While the link between cancer and venous thrombosis is well known, the recognition of arterial thrombosis as a serious complication of cancer and chemotherapeutic agents is a recent development. One of the chemotherapy agents frequently linked to acute vascular events is cisplatin. We discuss the rare case of cisplatin-related brachial arterial thrombosis in a 50-year-old man from Ethiopia who was undergoing treatment for cholangiocarcinoma with cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy. Although rare, cisplatin-related arterial thrombosis demands careful monitoring, a high index of suspicion, and prompt management to prevent serious morbidity and mortality.
Improving the radiological prediction of surgical resection of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas
Authors: Giardini Eduardo , Barbosa Monique Alvares , Ventura Nina , Pereira Paulo José Mata , Guasti André , Niemeyer Paulo , Andreiuolo Felipe , Chimelli Leila , Kasuki Leandro , Gadelha Mônica R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are benign tumors growing in the sellar region. Total surgical excision of the lesion is recommended as the preferred treatment choice with preservation of adjacent structures. The objective is to establish a radiological score to predict the feasibility of NFPA total surgical excision.
Methods
Patients with treatment-naïve NFPA who underwent a transsphenoidal approach and sellar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative period and 3 months after surgery were included. Data on age, sex, tumor diameter, extrasellar extension, postoperative cure rates, and hormone and transcription factor expression were collected. A combined score was proposed based on Knosp and SIPAP classifications. We proposed 3 classification groups depending on the tumoral extension to the suprasellar, infrasellar, anterior and posterior directions of the sellar region.
Results
A total of 164 patients were included in the study, and 85 (52%) were female. Total excision was obtained in 46% (n = 75) of the patients. The majority of tumors were of gonadotrophic lineage (59%), followed by corticotrophic (17%) and other less common types. Largest tumor diameter was 6.8 cm [mean 3.8 cm (± 1.1 cm)]. From the established groups, 10 patients were classified in Group I, of whom 8 (80%) patients underwent total excision, 115 patients were classified in Group II, of whom 58 (50%) underwent complete excision and 39 patients in Group III, of whom 9 (23%) underwent complete excision (p value < 0.001).
Conclusion
The newly proposed score helps to determine the feasibility of total NFPA excision, allowing for better surgical planning and predictions of postoperative outcomes.
A mobile interactive cognitive self-assessment scale for screening Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Xie Kexin , Huang Juan , Chen Ting , Li Dan , Xia Tianxinyu , Chu Min , Cui Yue , Tang Mei , Peng Dantao , Wang Jingtong , Liu Jianling , Chen Xiaojuan , Cui Weiwei , Liu Li , Wang Yingtao , Liu Jianbing , Li Fang , Wu Liyong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
A feasible self-administered cognition scale with rigorous validation and high diagnostic accuracy is lacking for screening for cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Methods
An interactive cognitive self-assessment scale (CogSAS) was designed through the Delphi process, and 518 participants were subjected to item optimization. The scale was validated in 358 cognitively unimpaired and 396 cognitively impaired participants for reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy. Specificity and sensitivity were tested for 38 participants with cognitive impairment and 45 participants with cognitive impairment due to AD.
Results
The interactive CogSAS relies on speech recognition to achieve elderly friendly results. The internal consistency was 0.81, and the test-retest reliability was 0.82. The construct validity was 0.74, and the criterion validity was 0.77. The sensitivity and specificity for clinically diagnosed participants were 0.90 and 0.67, respectively. For cognitive impairment due to AD, the sensitivity and specificity were 1.00 and 0.78, respectively.
Conclusions
The CogSAS has good reliability, validity, and feasibility. It also showed high sensitivity and specificity in identifying cognitive impairment due to AD.
A Fuzzy Cloud Theory based Stochastic Model for Multi-Carrier Energy Hubs in Grid-Connected and Islanded Operations
Authors: Quteishat Anas , Younis Mahmoud A. , Safari Amin , Jahangiri Alireza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The energy hub (EH), which is a crucial component of multi-energy systems, plays a significant role in increasing flexibility, and reliability. Due to the interaction of various energies, the unpredictability of renewable energy sources, energy prices, and consumer demands, the optimal operation of EHs presents a considerable challenge for operators. In this study, networked EH takes in a variety of energy sources, including electricity, gas, and wind, and after conversion, storage, direct connection, or shifting of demands, it supplies the hub's essential demands. In a predictable and stochastic environment, the EH is operated optimally based on an objective function that takes into account economic, greenhouse gas emission, and reliability parameters. An intelligent strategy based on fuzzy cloud theory is utilized to develop an entropy-entropy concept for its work in order to reflect the impact of uncertainties in the challenge. In both grid-connected and island-based operations, the cost of operating networked EHs is modeled as a MILP optimization problem with demand response program and reliability restrictions. Finally, the effectiveness of various modes in enhancing the reliability, and flexibility of energy systems in accordance with the optimal schedule for EHs is proven by modeling the suggested scheme on a sample test system.