bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Open Prison of the Big Data Revolution: False Consciousness, Faustian Bargains, and Digital Entrapment
Authors: Ngwenyama Ojelanki , Rowe Frantz , Klein Stefan , Henriksen Helle Zinner 
Published: October 2023

Although some scholars raise alarm about societal harm emerging from Big Data practices, critical social theory (CST) Information Systems research on the structures and dynamics driving Big Data practices is rare. In this research commentary, we interrogate how tech firms use social practices and platform design to strategically manipulate individuals into accepting datafication and data assetization that accrue positive data network effects for themselves and mostly negative data network effects (economic loss, social and privacy harm) for individuals. We draw on the ideas of Heidegger and Marcuse to critically question the Big Data paradigm in order to develop better understanding of the social implications for individuals and society. Using the concepts of false consciousness, digital entrapment, and Faustian bargains, we critically inquire into the Big Data practices that keep us tethered to digital platforms. Specifically, we interrogate sociomaterial structures that socially condition individuals into a digital habitus and to identify themselves as homo digitalis, who view all their “relations” (social and economic) as digital. This social conditioning reproduces a false consciousness that constricts our worldview, undermines our rational choices, and enables the risky compromises we make with tech companies that manipulate and exploit us with their increasingly oppressive Big Data practices and related dark patterns. We critically analyze the case of Microsoft Viva to provide an illustration of how mundane digital tools can condition our reality and entrap us into an open prison. We argue that if we do not critically interrogate our false consciousness of the digital and understand how digital giants colonize our social systems by structurally embedding Big Data practices, we will continue to be susceptible to manipulation and digital entrapment. Ongoing risky compromises with tech firms will erode the very foundations of the “good life,” freedom, liberty, and personal privacy, and they will institutionalize the open prison. The CST explanation we propose and the research agenda we outline are meant to encourage research into solutions to the digital entrapment problem. History: Suprateek Sarker, Senior Editor; Robert Gregory, Associate Editor. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2020.0588 .
Cytomorphological Pattern of Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Breast Lesions - An Institutional Experience of a Rural Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Pinki Pandey  , Sanjeev Kumar Singh  , Monisha Gupta  , Roopak Aggarwal  
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND
Among Indian population, benign as well as malignant breast lesions are quite common. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is frequently carried out as it is a simple, safe, reliable and time saving procedure. A short retrospective study was designed to evaluate the role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) & frequency of palpable breast lesions/lumps. Early diagnosis of breast lesions through FNAC prompts early treatment without the need for biopsy. The purpose of this study was to analyse the cytomorphological patterns of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions diagnosed by FNAC over a time period at a tertiary care hospital.
METHODS
This retrospective observational study was conducted as a hospital opd based procedure from June 2019 to December 2019. A total of 210 patients having breast lesions/lumps were included, among which 5 patients were excluded because of unsatisfactory FNAC aspirate. Smears were processed and their cytological evaluation was done by experienced pathologists.
RESULTS
Among all breast lesions, non-neoplastic was most commonly seen in 2nd decade of life and neoplastic in 5th decade of life. Fibroadenoma was the most common benign breast lesion followed by fibrocystic disease while among neoplastic lesions invasive ductal carcinoma was most common. Involvement of left breast was most common.
CONCLUSIONS
Benign breast diseases are quite common in younger population. Fibroadenoma is the most common benign condition among females of reporductive age group. FNAC is routinely done to separate malignant lesions from benign ones which makes it an important tool in guiding further management as it is a quick, simple, feasible, and cost-effective method.
Ramified covers of abelian varieties over torsion fields
Authors: Bary-Soroker Lior , Fehm Arno , Petersen Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study rational points on ramified covers of abelian varieties over certain infinite Galois extensions of

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

.
In particular, we prove that
every elliptic curve E over

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

has the weak Hilbert property
of Corvaja and Zannier
both over
the maximal abelian extension

ℚ
ab

{\mathbb{Q}^{\rm ab}}

of

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

,
and over the field

ℚ
⁢

(

A
tor

)

{\mathbb{Q}(A_{\rm tor})}

obtained by adjoining to

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

all torsion points of some abelian variety A over

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

.
Computer information technology-based green excavation of tunnels in complex strata and technical decision of deformation control
Authors: Ruan Renyou , Gao Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCurrently, information processing of tunnel engineering has mainly adopted conventional mathematical statistics-based methods. Moreover, some nonlinear processing methods are implemented to derive more insights, even though the degree of research is not deep enough. In the research, the rock mechanics test is carried out by drilling a method and taking samplesin situaccording to the construction technology of tunnels in complex geological conditions and implementing computer information-based methods. Also, rock mechanics tests are carried out in the excavation test area of the flat tunnel. Based on the tests using physical properties, such as deformation, tensile, uniaxial compression, triaxial compression, and longitudinal wave velocity, the physical and mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rock in the tunnel area are comprehensively evaluated, and the stability of the tunnel rock mass is assessed to devise convenient conditions for the subsequent research of the complex geological tunnels based on green excavation. The particle density of sandy mudstone, the bulk density, the porosity, and the natural water content are represented by 2.67 ± 0.61 g/cm3, 2.56 ± 1.42 g/cm3, 7.45%, and 2.86%, respectively, in terms of physical characteristics. These indicate that the sandy mudstone structure is relatively loose, with relatively large pores, micro-fractures, and a high degree of natural water content. The representative deformation test curve of the rock block shows that the ratio of deformation modulus to the compressive strength of the rock block is 650 on average, and Poisson’s ratio ranges from 0.21 to 0.38. These show that sandy mudstone has deformation properties after compression. The tensile strength of sandy mudstone, the shear strength, andcare represented by 1.25 ± 0.23 MPa,f= 1.32, and = 2.35 MPa, respectively. The stated test results can provide a scientific basis for selecting engineering design and its construction parameters in similar areas. In addition, the measurement results show that the surrounding rock will gradually increase, and the tunnel space will gradually become shorter with the increase of buried depth when the gravity stress field occurs. The linear elastic displacement of soft rock is smaller than that of elastic–plastic analysis, and the deeper the tunnel is buried, the larger the displacement difference would be. Therefore, establishing a stable and orderly monitoring and detection system could fully understand the intrinsic law between surrounding rock stress release and surrounding rock pressure and obtain accurate monitoring and measured data to evaluate the grading management standard of a tunnel at the ultimate displacement. In a word, this research provides a feasible idea to study the decision process of green excavation and deformation control technology of tunnels in complex strata.
Public Library Programming and Events for Overcoming Social Divisions
Authors: Igarashi Tomoya , Koizumi Masanori , Johnston Jamie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIncreasing and persistent social divisions are a global challenge that threaten the stability of our societies and soundness of our democracies. Public libraries can potentially play an ameliorative role in reducing these divisions. Qualitative data analysis of Oslo’s public library system’s (Deichman) programming and events is used to understand how libraries are addressing social divisions in their communities. The findings suggest that a variety of events organized by Deichman directly contribute to overcoming social divisions, especially those related to economic inequalities, sociocultural factors, and the unequal access to digital technologies. Deichman also appears to contribute to overcoming social divisions indirectly through its programing and events related to more traditional library services. The study concludes that Deichman may be a significant player in addressing social divisions. Lastly, the study provides important insights into the role of libraries as social arenas and their ability to foster community resilience, tolerance, and democracy.
Stochastic simulation of electron transport in a strong electrical field in low-dimensional heterostructures
Authors: Kablukova Evgeniya , Sabelfeld Karl K. , Protasov Dmitry , Zhuravlev Konstantin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper we develop a stochastic simulation algorithm for electron transport in a DA-pHEMT heterostructure. Mathematical formulation of the problem of electron gas transport in the heterostructure in the form of a coupled system of Poisson, Schrödinger and kinetic Boltzmann equations is given. A Monte Carlo model of electron transport in DA-pHEMT heterostructures which accounts for multivalley parabolic band structure, as well as relevant formulas for calculating electron scattering rates and scattering phase functions on polar optical, intervalley phonons and on impurities are developed. The results of a computational experiment involving the solution of the system of Poisson–Schrödinger–Boltzmann equations for theAlGaAs/GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAsheterostructure are presented. The distribution of electrons by energy subband in the main and satellite valleys and the field dependences of the electron drift velocity in each valley are calculated. It was discovered that there is no spatial transfer of electrons into wide-gapAlGaAslayers due to high barriers created by modulated-doped impurities. A comparative analysis of the electron drift velocities in the studied DA-pHEMT heterostructures and in the unstrained layer of theInGaAsis given.
CPT 2024: Changes to Time Descriptors for Office and Other Outpatient Services
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: October 2023

The code descriptors for office and other outpatient evaluation and management (E/M) services reported with codes 99202–99205 and 99212–99215 have been revised to include a threshold time that must be met to report each code. This change applies to services provided on and after January 1, 2024. This article reviews the following changes and related reporting instructions:
Changes to the descriptors for total time requirements in codes 99202–99205 and 99212–99215 Exclusion of the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) midpoint rule Time thresholds and prolonged E/M services
Phenotypic and Genetic Characteristics of Retinal Vascular Parameters and their Association with Diseases
Authors: Bergmann Sven , Vela Sofia , Beyeler Michael , Trofimova Olga , Tomasoni Mattia , Iuliani Ilaria , Presby David , Hoogewoud Florence 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Fundus images allow for non-invasive assessment of the retinal vasculature whose features provide important information on health. Using a fully automated image processing pipeline, we extracted 17 different morphological vascular phenotypes, including median vessels diameter, diameter variability, main temporal angles, vascular density, central retinal equivalents, the number of bifurcations, and tortuosity, from
over 130k fundus images of close to 72k UK Biobank subjects. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of these phenotypes. From this, we estimated their individual heritabilities, ranging between 5 and 25%, and genetic cross-phenotype correlations, which mostly mirrored the corresponding phenotypic correlations, but tended to be slightly larger. Projecting our genetic association signals onto genes and pathways revealed remarkably low overlap suggesting largely decoupled mechanisms modulating the different phenotypes. Our disease phenotype associations confirmed some previously known findings and revealed many novel connections. Notably, diameter variability, especially for the veins, seems to have new and interesting associations with diseases, including heart attack, pulmonary embolism, and age of death. Mendelian Randomization analysis suggests causal influence of blood pressure and body mass index on retinal vessel morphology, among other results. Our analyses provide evidence that large-scale analysis of image-derived vascular phenotypes has sufficient power for obtaining functional, as well as some initial causal insights into the processes modulating the retinal vasculature.
Evaluation of the Effect of an Amniotic Membrane Derived Bio-Nano Product (LifeCell) on Human Endometrial Cells Proliferation and Gene Expression: An in-vitro Study
Authors: Sene Azadeh Akbari , Zandieh Zahra , Amiri Sadegh , Amjadi FatemehSadat , Alamouty Mohammad Azimi , Meibodi Mandana Rashidi , Mohazzab Arash , Baharishargh Roza , Mohabatian Behnaz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

BackgroundSuccessful assisted reproductive technology (ART) requires a receptive endometrium with appropriate thickness and the presence of specific cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Despite advancements in ART, the success rates remain suboptimal, particularly in individuals with thin endometrium resistant to treatment.ObjectiveIn this study, we evaluated the potential effects of LifeCell, a product of BioNano Technology, on the growth, development, and acceptance of endometrial cells.MethodWe cultured endometrial cells in a defined medium with different concentrations of LifeCell and examined cell growth, development, and the expression of genes involved in endometrial receptivity.ResultCo-culture of primary human endometrial cells with 5% Life cell solution significantly stimulated the endometrial cell growth, development and receptivity genes expression. The expression levels of FGF2 and CSF in the 72 hours co-cultured were significantly increased compared with other groups (P <0.01). HOXA10 and LIF significantly increased in the 72 hours co-cultured compared with 24 hours co-cultured and control groups but had no significant level compared with 48 hours cocultured. HOXA10 significantly increased in the 48 hours cocultured compared with control group. IL-6 and Hb-EGF increased in the 48 hours co-cultured compared to other groups but had no significant level. VEGF increased in the treated groups compared to control but had no significant level. The expression of OPN, unlike the other genes, decreased in the treated group compared to the control, which was not significant.ConclusionThese findings suggest that LifeCell may be a potential option for patients with treatment-resistant thin endometrium in cases of infertility.
The effects of chemoradiotherapy in IIA（T3N0M0）rectosigmoid junction cancer : a population-based study
Authors: zhu si rui , Tu Jiawei , Pei Wei , Zheng Zhao-xu , Bi Jianjun , Feng Qiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective The use of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of stage IIA (T3N0M0) rectosigmoid junction cancer remains a topic of debate. To address this issue, we conducted a study to evaluate the impact of chemoradiotherapy on cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) in patients diagnosed with stage IIA rectosigmoid junction cancer patients.
Methods The study analyzed data from patients diagnosed with stage IIA rectosigmoid junction cancer between 2010 and 2016, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The researchers then divided the patients into low-risk and high-risk groups based on various prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis was employed to evaluate the impact of chemoradiotherapy on CSS and OS in these patient groups.
Results Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that chemotherapy was significantly beneficial for CSS in all patients with stage IIA rectosigmoid junction cancer, while it only had a significant impact on OS in the high-risk group. Furthermore, the addition of radiotherapy to chemotherapy didn’t demonstrate any significant improvement in OS or CSS in all patients with stage IIA rectosigmoid junction cancer.
Conclusion In the treatment of IIA rectosigmoid junction cancer patients, chemotherapy is generally recommended. However, the addition of radiotherapy doesn’t appear to improve OS and CSS in these patients.
MRI Phase Image Unwrapping using DCT Based Modified Weighted Least Square Algorithm
Authors: Verma Shradha , GOEL Tripti , Tanveer M. , Murugan R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:Phase images of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have applications in many fields, including the medical domain. It is often employed to identify biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and others. However, directly extracted phase images from MRI exhibit the wrapped phase values within the ±π radian range.Methods:To circumvent these phase jumps or discontinuity, phase unwrapping is required. Path-following and minimum norms algorithms are unwrapping methods to retrieve the original unwrapped phase image. The path-following algorithm extracts the original phase value by considering the adjacent pixels along the integral path. In contrast, the minimum norms algorithm aims to minimize the difference between the partial derivatives of the wrapped and the unwrapped phase data. This paper presents the DCT-based modified minimum norm-based weighted least square (LS) phase unwrapping to improve the visibility and noise immunity of the phase images. The proposed algorithm eradicates residual noise by imposing spectral truncation of the low-frequency coefficient.Results and Conclusions:For the experimental validation of the proposed algorithm, the wrapped and unwrapped image phase profiles are demonstrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed phase unwrapping algorithm. In addition, the performance metrics, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index metric (SSIM), and root mean squared error (RMSE) are calculated to show the comparison of the proposed phase unwrapping algorithm with the state-of-the-art techniques.
Mapping and analyzing temporal variability of spectral indices in the lowland region of Far Western Nepal
Authors: Awasthi Mahesh Prasad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Satellite imagery-based spectral indices are essential for monitoring natural resource changes and urban environments. Assessing these indices is vital for natural resource management and environmental sustainability. This study adopted geospatial techniques and satellite imagery (Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS) to analyze changes in key spectral indices, i.e. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI), and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) over the past three decades (1991–2022) in the low land region of Far Western Nepal. The study examined the temporal trends and intricate relationships between these indices during this time frame. The substantial changes in NDVI, NDBI, and NDWI within the study area have been quantified from 1991 to 2022. The findings revealed significantly elevated NDBI values in 1991, 2001, and 2013 compared to 2022, while NDWI and NDVI values were consistently lower in 1991,2001, and 2013 compared to 2022. Notably, a negative correlation was observed between NDVI and both NDBI and NDWI, contrasting with the positive correlation found between NDBI and NDWI. The study underscores the potential of combining these spectral indices to evaluate vegetated areas, built-up areas, and water bodies, providing valuable insights for effective land management, urban planning, environmental monitoring, and sustainable water resource management.
Knowledge and Awareness of Tooth Shade Selection Principles among Senior Dental Students, Interns, and General Dentists of Hail Province of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almansour Moazzy I. , Madfa Ahmed A. , Alrashid Sarah A. , Altuwayhir Deema A. , Alshammari Anwar M. , Alfhaed Nawaf K. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The study's objective was to ascertain the knowledge and practices of dental students in their final year, interns, and general practitioners regarding the protocols and principles of shade choosing.

Methods:
Structured questionnaires that were assigned to participants at random were used to gather data. The study was made available online through dental frame groups on WhatsApp and social media sites like Twitter. 102 dentists were conveniently chosen as a sample, encompassing dental students, interns, and general practitioners in their final year of study. The outcomes were examined using the Chi-square test.

Results:
The analysis shows that there was no influence of gender on shade choosing. There were no statistically significant (p > 0.05) differences between the educational level with the exception of a visual method for shade selection, the time required to determine the shade, define the shade by natural light or unite light, circumferential factors, and lipstick & clothes affect the shade selection (p < 0.05) difference among variables were recorded. For the experience level, when determining the shade, the time required to determine the shade plays a significant role in shade selection. Circumferential factors and lipstick and clothes affect the shade selection (p < 0.05) differences among variables were found.

Conclusions:
Compared to dental students and interns, general dentists had a greater understanding of and familiarity with the fundamentals of selecting tooth color. Hence, we must make improvements to meet the justifiably high standards of care that our patients have come to expect from us.