bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing within and between hospital physician social networks for modeling physician research participation
Authors: Bobak Carly A. , Mohan Deepika , Murphy Megan A. , Barnato Amber E. , O’Malley A. James 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Physician participation in clinical trials is essential for the progress of modern medicine. However, the demand for physician research partners is outpacing physicians’ interest in participating in scientific studies. Understanding the factors that influence physician participation in research is crucial to addressing this gap.

Methods
In this study, we used a physician’s social network, as constructed from patient billing data, to study if the research choices of a physician’s immediate peers influence their likelihood to participate in scientific research. We analyzed data from 348 physicians across 40 hospitals. We used logistic regression models to examine the relationship between a physician’s participation in clinical trials and the participation of their social network peers, adjusting for age, years of employment, and influences from other hospital facilities.

Results
We found that the likelihood of a physician participating in clinical trials increased dramatically with the proportion of their social network-defined colleagues at their primary hospital who were participating ($$OR=1.05$$

O
R
=
1.05

for a 1% increase in the proportion of participating peers, $$p=1.05\times 10^{-7}$$

p
=
1.05
×

10

-
7

). Additionally, physicians who work regularly at multiple facilities were more likely to participate ($$OR=7.28$$

O
R
=
7.28

, $$p=0.03$$

p
=
0.03

) and increasingly so as the extent to which they have social network ties to colleagues at hospitals other than their primary hospital increases ($$OR=1.12$$

O
R
=
1.12

, $$p=0.05$$

p
=
0.05

). These findings suggest an inter-hospital peer participation process.

Conclusion
Our study provides evidence that the social structure of a physician’s work-life is associated with their decision to participate in scientific research. The results suggest that interventions aimed at increasing physician participation in clinical trials could leverage the social networks of physicians to encourage participation. By identifying factors that influence physician participation in research, we can work towards closing the gap between the demand for physician research partners and the number of physicians willing to participate in scientific studies.
“I don’t see the whole picture of their health”: a critical ethnography of constraints to interprofessional collaboration in end-of-life conversations in primary care
Authors: Carter Celina , Mohammed Shan , Upshur Ross , Kontos Pia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Context
Interprofessional collaboration is recommended in caring for frail older adults in primary care, yet little is known about how interprofessional teams approach end-of-life (EOL) conversations with these patients.

Objective
To understand the factors shaping nurses’ and allied health clinicians’ involvement, or lack of involvement in EOL conversations in the primary care of frail older adults.

Methods/setting
A critical ethnography of a large interprofessional urban Family Health Team in Ontario, Canada. Data production included observations of clinicians in their day-to-day activities excluding direct patient care; one-to-one semi-structured interviews with clinicians; and document review. Analysis involved coding data using an interprofessional collaboration framework as well as an analysis of the normative logics influencing practice.

Participants
Interprofessional clinicians (n = 20) who cared for mildly to severely frail patients (Clinical Frailty Scale) at the Family Health Team.

Results
Findings suggest primary care nurses and allied health clinicians have the knowledge, skills, and inclination to engage frail older adults in EOL conversations. However, the culture of the clinic prioritizes biomedical care, and normalizes nurses and allied health clinicians providing episodic task-based care, which limits the possibility for these clinicians’ engagement in EOL conversations. The barriers to nurses’ and allied health clinicians’ involvement in EOL conversations are rooted in neoliberal-biomedical ideologies that shapes the way primary care is governed and practiced.

Conclusions
Our findings help to explain why taking an individual-level approach to addressing the challenge of delayed or avoided EOL conversations, is unlikely to result in practice change. Instead, primary care teams can work to critique and redevelop quality indicators and funding models in ways that promote meaningful interprofessional practice that recognize the expertise of nursing and allied health clinicians in providing high quality primary care to frail older patients, including EOL conversations.
Genotype-phenotype spectrum and prognosis of early-onset Marfan syndrome
Authors: Kemezyte Aurelija , Gegieckiene Ruta , Burnyte Birute 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Marfan syndrome is a genetic connective tissue disorder affecting skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular organ systems. Previous research found that pathogenic variants clustered in exons 24–32 of fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene result in more severe clinical phenotypes. Furthermore, genotype-phenotype correlation studies suggested that more severe cardiovascular phenotypes were related to variants held responsible for haploinsufficiency. Our objective was to analyze the differences in clinical manifestations and genotypes of individuals with early-onset Marfan syndrome and to assess their impact on management strategies.

Methods
We analyzed clinical and genetic data of a new patient with early-onset Marfan syndrome together with 51 previously reported ones in the PubMed database between 1991 and 2022.

Results
Analysis showed 94% (49/52) of pathogenic variants clustered in exons 24–32 of the FBN1. The most common skeletal features were arachnodactyly (98%), reduced elbow extension (48%), pectus deformity (40%), and scoliosis (39%). Haploinsufficiency variants were reported as having poor outcome in 87.5% of the cases. Among patients carrying variants that substitute a cysteine for another amino acid and those that do not change cysteine content, cardiac intervention was found to be associated with a better outcome (p = 0.035 vs. p = 0.002). Variants that create an extra cysteine residue were found to be associated with a higher risk of ectopia lentis. Additionally, children up to 36-months-old were more often reported as still alive at the time of publication compared to newborns (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Our findings have implications for prognosis, because different genotype groups and their resulting phenotype may require personalized care and management.
Knowledge and attitude toward oral health behavior of overseas students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Susanti Isi , Pisarnturakit Pagaporn Pantuwadee , Sanchavanakit Neeracha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted overseas students, including their oral health. Due to movement restrictions, limited living allowances, dental treatment costs, and health insurance fees, overseas students might be more concerned about their oral health. The objective of the present study was to determine the association of knowledge and attitude toward oral healthcare behavior of overseas university students staying in Thailand between January 2020 to July 2022 and explore the experiences of their oral health problems.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey in English operated through the Google platform by convenience sampling among overseas Chulalongkorn University students. A newly developed self-administered questionnaire on knowledge and attitude toward oral health-related behavior and experiences in oral health problems was completed voluntarily. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlations were employed using IBM SPSS version 29.

Results
Of 311 overseas students, 55.6% were male. The average age of students was 27.5 ± 4.5 years. 68.81% of students were from ASEAN countries, and 73.31% studied in non-health science programs. The study fields, health and non-health sciences, were associated with knowledge score (p < 0.001) and attitude score (p = 0.004), whereas the type of health insurance had an association with behavior score (p = 0.014) and the student’s perspective about dental visits (p = 0.014). Three hundred fifty-nine cases of oral health problems were experienced by 47.3% of overseas students. These problems consisted primarily of tooth hypersensitivity (21.2%), gingivitis (15.3%), caries (14%), cracked or broken tooth (10%), severe toothache (9%), fallen out filling (8%), and wisdom tooth pain (7.8%). There was an association between oral healthcare behavior and oral health problems (p < 0.001), and a negative correlation was found between behavior score and the number of oral health problems (p < 0.001, r=-0.204).

Conclusion
The oral healthcare habits of overseas university students correlated positively with knowledge and attitude. A negative correlation was observed between behavior and the number of oral health problems. Furthermore, studying in health science programs impacted students’ knowledge and attitude toward oral health, while dental treatment coverage insurance affected decisions for dental visits.
Facilitators and barriers of mHealth interventions during the Covid-19 pandemic: systematic review
Authors: Amiri Parastoo , Nadri Hamed , Bahaadinbeigy Kambiz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
With the spread of Covid-19 disease, health interventions related to the control, prevention, and treatment of this disease and other diseases were given real attention. The purpose of this systematic review is to express facilitators and barriers of using mobile health (mHealth) interventions during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods
In this systematic review, original studies were searched using keywords in the electronic database of PubMed until August 2022. The objectives and outcomes of these studies were extracted. Finally, to identify the facilitators and barriers of mHealth interventions, a qualitative content analysis was conducted based on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis method with Atlas.ti 8 software. We evaluated the studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).

Results
In total, 1598 articles were identified and 55 articles were included in this study. Most of the studies used mobile applications to provide and receive health services during the Covid-19 pandemic (96.4%). The purpose of the applications was to help prevention (17), follow-up (15), treatment (12), and diagnosis (8). Using SWOT analysis, 13 facilitators and 18 barriers to patients’ use of mHealth services were identified.

Conclusion
Mobile applications are very flexible technologies that can be customized for each person, patient, and population. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the applications designed due to lack of interaction, lack of time, lack of attention to privacy, and non-academic nature have not met their expectations of them.
A named General Practitioner (GP) is associated with an increase of hospital days in a single predictor analysis: a follow-up of 15 years
Authors: Lautamatti Emmi , Mattila Kari J. , Suominen Sakari , Sillanmäki Lauri , Sumanen Markku 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Continuity of care constitutes the basis of primary health care services and is associated with decreased hospitalization. In Finland, accessibility to primary care and increased use of hospital services are recognized challenges for the health care system.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to determine whether having a named GP is associated with hospital service use.

Methods
The data are part of the Health and Social Support study (HeSSup) based on a random Finnish working-age population sample. The cohort of the study comprised participants of postal surveys in 1998 (n = 25,898) who returned follow-up questionnaires both in 2003 and 2012 (n = 11,924). Background characteristics were inquired in the questionnaires, and hospitalization was derived from national registries (Hilmo-register).

Results
A named GP was reported both in 2003 and 2012 only by 34.3% of the participants. The association between hospital days and a named GP was linearly rising and statistically significant in a single predictor model. The strongest associations with hospital use were with health-related factors, and the association with a named GP was no longer significant in multinomial analysis.

Conclusion
A named GP is associated with an increased use of hospital days, but in a multinomial analysis the association disappeared. Health related factors showed the strongest association with hospital days. From the perspective of the on-going Finnish health and social services reform, continuity of care should be emphasized.
Spatio-temporal analysis of sheep and goat pox outbreaks in Uganda during 2011–2022
Authors: Nizeyimana Gerald , Vudriko Patrick , Erume Joseph , Mubiru Frank , Eneku Wilfred , Biryomumaisho Savino , Mwebe Robert , Arinaitwe Eugene , Ademun Rose , Atim Stella , Ayebazibwe Chrisostom , Muhanguzi Dennis , Tweyongyere Robert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Sheep and goat pox (SGP) caused by sheep poxvirus (SPV) and goat poxvirus (GPV) respectively; are transboundary and World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH)-notifiable viral diseases. There is barely any coherent information about the distribution and prevalence of SGP for Uganda. We therefore conducted this study to describe the temporal and spatial distribution of SGP suspected outbreaks in Uganda for the period 2011–2020 as well as serologically confirm presence of SGP antibodies in suspected SGP outbreaks reported in 2021–2022.

Results
Thirty-seven [37] SGP outbreaks were reported across the country during the study period. North-eastern region [that comprises of Karamoja region] had the highest number of outbreaks [n = 17, 45%]; followed by Central [n = 9, 2.4%], Northern [n = 8, 2.2%] and Western region [n = 3, 0.08%]. Reports from district veterinary personnel indicate that the prevalence of; and mortality rate and case fatality rate associated with SGP were 0.06%, 0.02% and 32% respectively. There was a steady increase in the number of reported SGP outbreaks [x̄ = 4] over the study period. Seropositivity of SGPV antibodies in outbreak sheep and goats that were investigated during the study period [2021–2022] was [n = 41, 27%, 95 CI;]

Conclusion
Our analyses of SGPV passive and active reports indicate that SGP is present in Uganda with a decade long average of four outbreaks per annum. During this period, about a third of all SGPV-clinically infected animals died. SPG is therefore a major constraint to small ruminant health and productivity in Uganda. Introduction of animals from infected herds and breach in farm biosecurity were the most important predictors of SGP outbreaks. In addition to the already existing SGP commercial vaccines, small ruminant screening for SGPV before introducing them to naïve herds and ensuring on farm biosecurity should be part of the SGP control tool pack for Ugandan small ruminant farmers.
Ultrasound evaluation of diaphragmatic function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Milesi Jules , Boussuges Alain , Habert Paul , Bermudez Julien , Reynaud-Gaubert Martine , Delliaux Stéphane , Bregeon Fabienne , Coiffard Benjamin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The diaphragm function assessed by ultrasound has been well-studied in COPD, asthma, and intensive care. However, there are only a few studies on diffuse interstitial lung disease, while dyspnea and quality of life are major issues in the management that may depend on the diaphragm.

Methods
We retrospectively included idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients followed in our center (Marseille, France) between January 2020 and February 2023 who underwent diaphragmatic ultrasound. Our objectives were to describe the diaphragmatic function of IPFs compared to healthy controls and to correlate with clinical, functional, and lung density on CT-scan.

Results
24 IPF patients and 157 controls were included. The diaphragmatic amplitude in IPF was increased at rest (median of 2.20 cm vs 1.88 cm on the right, p < 0.007, and 2.30 cm vs 1.91 cm on the left, p < 0.03, in IPF and controls respectively) and decreased in deep breathing (median of 4.85 cm vs 5.45 cm on the right, p < 0.009, and 5.10 cm vs 5.65 cm on the left, p < 0.046, in IPF and controls respectively). Diaphragmatic thickness was significantly reduced at rest on the right side (median of 1.75 mm vs 2.00 mm, p < 0.02, in IPF and controls respectively) and in deep breathing on both sides compared to controls (mean of 3.82 mm vs 4.15 mm on the right, p < 0.02, and 3.53 mm vs 3.94 mm, on the left, p < 0.009, in IPF and controls respectively). Diaphragmatic amplitude in deep breathing was moderate to strongly correlated with FVC, DLCO, and 6MWT and negatively correlated with the dyspnea and lung density on CT scan.

Conclusion
The diaphragmatic amplitude and thickness were impaired in IPF compared to controls. Diaphragmatic amplitude is the parameter best correlated with clinical, functional, and lung density criteria. Further studies are needed to determine if diaphragmatic amplitude can be a prognostic factor in IPF.
Efficacy of IVIG therapy for patients with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Bo , Sun Pan , Pei Renjun , Lin Fangzhao , Cao Haijun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is an overwhelming reaction to infection that comes with high morbidity and mortality. It requires urgent interventions in order to improve outcomes. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) are considered as potential therapy in sepsis patients. Results of trials on IVIG as adjunctive therapy for sepsis have been conflicting due to the variability in population characteristics, country geography and drug dosage form in different studies.

Methods
A systematic article search was performed for eligible studies published up to January, 31, 2023, through the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database. The included articles were screened by using rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to different IVIG types, ages and economic regions. All analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.4. Quality of studies and risk of bias were evaluated.

Results
In total, 31 randomized controlled trials were included with a sample size of 6,276 participants. IVIG could reduce the mortality (RR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77–0.95, p = 0.005), the hospital stay (MD − 4.46, 95% CI: − 6.35 to − 2.57, p = 0.00001), and the APACHE II scores (MD − 1.65, 95% CI: − 2.89 to − 0.63, p = 0.001). Additionally, the results showed that IgM-enriched IVIG was effective in treating sepsis (RR 0.55, 95% CI: 0.40 − 0.76; p = 0.0003), while standard IVIG failed to be effective (RR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.81–1.02, p = 0.10). And the effect of IVIG in reducing neonatal mortality was inconclusive (RR 0.93, 95% CI: 0.81–1.05, p = 0.24), but it played a large role in reducing sepsis mortality in adults (RR 0.70, 95% CI: 0.57–0.86, p = 0.0006). Besides, from the subgroup of different economic regions, it indicated that IVIG was effective for sepsis in high-income (RR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.79–0.99, p = 0.03) and middle-income countries (RR 0.49, 95% CI: 0.28–0.84, p = 0.01), while no benefit was demonstrated in low-income countries (RR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.27–1.14, p = 0.11).

Conclusions
There is sufficient evidence to support that IVIG reduces sepsis mortality. IgM-enriched IVIG is effective in both adult and neonatal sepsis, while standard IVIG is only effective in adult sepsis. IVIG for sepsis has shown efficacy in high- and middle-income countries, but is still debatable in low-income countries. More RCTs are needed in the future to confirm the true clinical potential of IVIG for sepsis in low-income countries.
Meningioma animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Andersen Mikkel Schou , Kofoed Mikkel Seremet , Paludan-Müller Asger Sand , Pedersen Christian Bonde , Mathiesen Tiit , Mawrin Christian , Wirenfeldt Martin , Kristensen Bjarne Winther , Olsen Birgitte Brinkmann , Halle Bo , Poulsen Frantz Rom 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Animal models are widely used to study pathological processes and drug (side) effects in a controlled environment. There is a wide variety of methods available for establishing animal models depending on the research question. Commonly used methods in tumor research include xenografting cells (established/commercially available or primary patient-derived) or whole tumor pieces either orthotopically or heterotopically and the more recent genetically engineered models—each type with their own advantages and disadvantages. The current systematic review aimed to investigate the meningioma model types used, perform a meta-analysis on tumor take rate (TTR), and perform critical appraisal of the included studies. The study also aimed to assess reproducibility, reliability, means of validation and verification of models, alongside pros and cons and uses of the model types.

Methods
We searched Medline, Embase, and Web of Science for all in vivo meningioma models. The primary outcome was tumor take rate. Meta-analysis was performed on tumor take rate followed by subgroup analyses on the number of cells and duration of incubation. The validity of the tumor models was assessed qualitatively. We performed critical appraisal of the methodological quality and quality of reporting for all included studies.

Results
We included 114 unique records (78 using established cell line models (ECLM), 21 using primary patient-derived tumor models (PTM), 10 using genetically engineered models (GEM), and 11 using uncategorized models). TTRs for ECLM were 94% (95% CI 92–96) for orthotopic and 95% (93–96) for heterotopic. PTM showed lower TTRs [orthotopic 53% (33–72) and heterotopic 82% (73–89)] and finally GEM revealed a TTR of 34% (26–43).

Conclusion
This systematic review shows high consistent TTRs in established cell line models and varying TTRs in primary patient-derived models and genetically engineered models. However, we identified several issues regarding the quality of reporting and the methodological approach that reduce the validity, transparency, and reproducibility of studies and suggest a high risk of publication bias. Finally, each tumor model type has specific roles in research based on their advantages (and disadvantages).
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO-ID CRD42022308833.