bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The arthroscopic Latarjet procedure with a posterior guided system and suture‐button fixation enables more precise bone block positioning in the axial plane versus anterior screws fixation
Authors: Gaujac Nicolas , Bouché Pierre‐Alban , Belas Maxime , Bonnevialle Nicolas , Charousset Christophe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeAdequate position of the bone block during arthroscopic Latarjet procedure is critical for an optimal functional outcome. However, this procedure is complex with a long learning curve. Our aim was to compare the bone block position between a dedicated glenoid posterior instrumentation and suture button fixation versus an anterior screw fixation, on a postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan.MethodSeventy‐nine consecutive patients operated on for an anterior shoulder instability were included in this retrospective study. The same surgeon performed arthroscopically the Latarjet procedure either with an anterior drilling and screw fixation (Group A), or with a specific posterior glenoid guide pin, a posterior drilling, and a suture cortical button fixation (Group B). Evaluations were made by two independent observers. The position was evaluated by CT scan in the axial and sagittal planes. Learning curves with operative time, complications and clinical outcomes were assessed at a minimum of 2 years of follow‐up.ResultsThirty‐five patients were included in Group A and 44 in Group B. In Group A, 27 bone blocks were flush (87.1%) and 38 in Group B (92.7%) (p < 0.01). In Group A, 72% of the bone block height was below the equator and 76%, in Group B (ns). The mean operating time was 123 ± 32.5 min in Group A and 95 ± 34.1 min in Group B (p < 0.0001). At the final follow‐up, the mean aggregate Rowe score was respectively 94.6 ± 10.4 and 93.1 ± 9.8 points in Groups A and B. The mean aggregate Walch–Duplay score was respectively 94.2 ± 11.6 and 93.4 ± 10.6 points in Groups A and B. There were 11 complications (31.4%) in Group A and five complications (11.3%) in Group B (ns).ConclusionThe arthroscopic Latarjet procedure with a posterior drilling guided system and suture‐button fixation allows more precise positioning in the axial plane than with anterior drilling and screw fixation. This posterior‐guided procedure could reduce intraoperative and short‐term complications.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
X‐Linked Levodopa‐Responsive Parkinsonism‐Epilepsy Syndrome: A Novel PGK1 Mutation and Literature Review
Authors: Guimarães Thiago Gonçalves , Parmera Jacy Bezerra , Castro Matheus Augusto Araújo , Cury Rubens Gisbert , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Kok Fernando 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundGenetic underpinnings in Parkinson's disease (PD) and parkinsonian syndromes are challenging, and recent discoveries regarding their genetic pathways have led to potential gene‐specific treatment trials.CasesWe report 3 X‐linked levodopa (l‐dopa)–responsive parkinsonism‐epilepsy syndrome cases due to a hemizygous variant in the phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) gene. The likely pathogenic variant NM_000291.4 (PGK1):c.950G > A;p.(Gly317Asp) was identified in a hemizygous state.Literature reviewOnly 8 previous cases have linked this phenotype to PGK1, a gene more commonly associated with hemolytic anemia and myopathy. The unusual association of epilepsy, psychiatric symptoms, action tremor, limb dystonia, cognitive symptoms, and l‐dopa‐responsive parkinsonism must draw attention to PGK1 mutations, especially because this gene is absent from most commercial hereditary parkinsonism panels.ConclusionsThis report aims to shed light on an overlooked gene that causes hereditary parkinsonian syndromes. Further research regarding genetic pathways in PD may provide a better understanding of its pathophysiology and open possibilities for new disease‐modifying trials, such as SNCA, LRRK2, PRKN, PINK1, and DJ‐1 genes.
Disclosing the Risk Associated with Isolated REM Behavior Disorder: The Sleep Experts’ Perspective
Authors: Ingravallo Francesca , D'Alterio Alessandra , Rossetti Andrea , Antelmi Elena , Plazzi Giuseppe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIsolated rapid‐eye‐movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is associated with a high risk for phenoconversion to a neurodegenerative disorder, but the optimal approach for disclosure of this risk to patients is still debated.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore views and experiences of iRBD experts regarding risk disclosure.MethodsIn this qualitative study, semi‐structured interviews with sleep experts caring for patients with iRBD were analyzed through a conventional content analysis approach.ResultsWe interviewed 22 iRBD experts (eight female, average age of 51.8 years) from 18 Italian sleep centers; 21/22 regularly disclosed the risks associated with iRBD, usually after the video‐polysomnography, and 8/22 regularly mentioned phenoconversion rates. Content analysis allowed us to identify three main themes. First, sleep experts reported several points in favor of risk disclosure, especially related to the principle of beneficence, but some highlighted the need for specific learning on the topic. Second, experts favored a patient‐tailored disclosure that should not upset the patient unnecessarily, since phenoconversion is uncertain. Third, risk disclosure was seen by participants as a relational task that should be carried out in person in the context of a trusting patient‐physician relationship, while they had contrasting views regarding patients’ previous knowledge.ConclusionsSleep experts generally preferred a tailored and reassuring approach to risk disclosure within a framework of relational autonomy. The results of this study indicate the need for specific education, training, and recommendations concerning risk disclosure that should also include patients’ and families’ preferences.
Objective image quality assurance in cone‐beam CT: Test methods, analysis, and workflow in longitudinal studies
Authors: Johnston Ashley , Mahesh Mahadevappa , Uneri Ali , Rypinski Tatiana A. , Boone John M. , Siewerdsen Jeffrey H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundStandards for image quality evaluation in multi‐detector CT (MDCT) and cone‐beam CT (CBCT) are evolving to keep pace with technological advances. A clear need is emerging for methods that facilitate rigorous quality assurance (QA) with up‐to‐date metrology and streamlined workflow suitable to a range of MDCT and CBCT systems.PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility and workflow associated with image quality (IQ) assessment in longitudinal studies for MDCT and CBCT with a single test phantom and semiautomated analysis of objective, quantitative IQ metrology.MethodsA test phantom (CorgiTM Phantom, The Phantom Lab, Greenwich, New York, USA) was used in monthly IQ testing over the course of 1 year for three MDCT scanners (one of which presented helical and volumetric scan modes) and four CBCT scanners. Semiautomated software analyzed image uniformity, linearity, contrast, noise, contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR), 3D noise‐power spectrum (NPS), modulation transfer function (MTF) in axial and oblique directions, and cone‐beam artifact magnitude. The workflow was evaluated using methods adapted from systems/industrial engineering, including value stream process modeling (VSPM), standard work layout (SWL), and standard work control charts (SWCT) to quantify and optimize test methodology in routine practice. The completeness and consistency of DICOM data from each system was also evaluated.ResultsQuantitative IQ metrology provided valuable insight in longitudinal quality assurance (QA), with metrics such as NPS and MTF providing insight on root cause for various forms of system failure—for example, detector calibration and geometric calibration. Monthly constancy testing showed variations in IQ test metrics owing to system performance as well as phantom setup and provided initial estimates of upper and lower control limits appropriate to QA action levels. Rigorous evaluation of QA workflow identified methods to reduce total cycle time to ∼10 min for each system—viz., use of a single phantom configuration appropriate to all scanners and Head or Body scan protocols. Numerous gaps in the completeness and consistency of DICOM data were observed for CBCT systems.ConclusionAn IQ phantom and test methodology was found to be suitable to QA of MDCT and CBCT systems with streamlined workflow appropriate to busy clinical settings.
IGXSS: XSS payload detection model based on inductive GCN
Authors: Wang Qiuhua , Li Chuangchuang , Wang Dong , Yuan Lifeng , Pan Gaoning , Cheng Yanyu , Hu Mingde , Ren Yizhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo facilitate the management, Internet of Things (IoT) vendors usually apply remote ways such as HTTP services to uniformly manage IoT devices, leading to traditional web application vulnerabilities that also endanger the cloud interfaces of IoT, such as cross‐site scripting (XSS), code injection, and Remote Command/Code Execute (RCE). XSS is one of the most common web application attacks, which allows the attacker to obtain private user information or attack IoT devices and IoT cloud platforms. Most of the existing XSS payload detection models are based on machine learning or deep learning, which usually require a lot of external resources, such as pretrained word vectors, to achieve a better performance on unknown samples. But in the field of XSS payload detection, high‐quality vector representations of samples are often difficult to obtain. In addition, existing models all perform substantially worse when the distribution of XSS payloads and benign samples in the test dataset is extremely unbalanced (e.g., XSS payloads: benign samples = 1: 20). While in the real XSS attack scenario against IoT, an XSS payload is often hidden in a massive amount of normal user requests, indicating that these models are not practical. In response to the above issues, we propose an XSS payload detection model based on inductive graph neural networks, IGXSS (XSS payload detection model based on inductive GCN), to detect XSS payloads targeting IoT. Firstly, we treat the samples and words obtained from segmenting the samples as nodes and attach lines between them in order to form a graph. Then, we obtain the feature matrix of nodes and edges utilizing information between nodes only (instead of external resources such as pretrained word vectors). Finally, we feed the obtained feature matrix into a two‐layer GCN for training and validate the performance of models in several datasets with different sample distributions. Extensive experiments on the real datasets show that IGXSS performs better compared to other models under various sample distributions. In particular, when the sample distribution is extremely unbalanced, the recall and F1 score of IGXSS still reach 1.000 and 0.846, demonstrating that IGXSS is more robust and more suitable for practical scenarios.
Survival Outcomes of Temporal Bone Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Sioufi Krystelle , Haynes Aaron David , Gidley Paul W. , Maniakas Anastasios , Roberts Dianna , Nader Marc‐Elie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTemporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis, and optimal treatment for advanced cases is uncertain. Our systematic literature review aimed to assess 5‐year survival outcomes for advanced TBSCC across different treatment modalities.Data SourcesEMBASE, Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science.Review MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines for articles published between January 1989 and June 2023.ResultsThe review yielded 1229 citations of which 31 provided 5‐year survival data for TBSCC. The final analysis included 1289 patients. T classification data was available for 1269 patients and overall stage for 1033 patients. Data for 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 59.6%. Five‐year OS was 81.9% for T1/2 and 47.5% for T3/4 (P < .0001). OS for T1/T2 cancers did not significantly differ between surgery and radiation (100% vs 81.3%, P  = .103). For advanced‐stage disease (T3/T4), there was no statistical difference in OS when comparing surgery with postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (OS 50.0%) versus surgery with postoperative radiotherapy (XRT) (OS 53.3%) versus definitive CRT (OS 58.1%, P  = .767‐1.000). There was not enough data to assess the role of neoadjuvant CRT.ConclusionMost patients will present with advanced‐stage disease, and nodal metastasis is seen in nearly 22% of patients. This study confirms the prognostic correlation of the current T classification system. Our results suggest that OS did not differ significantly between surgery and XRT for early stage disease, and combined treatment modalities yield similar 5‐year OS for advanced cancers.
Effect of carbon nanotubes on thermoset curing and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin laminates fabricated by self‐resistance electric heating
Authors: Zhang Hongming , Zhao Gaoyin , Li Xin , Hao Zhiwei , Zhong Zhiwen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSelf‐resistance electric (SRE) heating for the curing of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) offers the benefits of saving energy consumption and reducing investment in equipment. In this work, the investigation was carried out to illustrate the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) addition (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt%) on the thermoset curing and mechanical properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced epoxy laminates fabricated by SRE heating method. The results show that adding CNTs can improve the temperature uniformity and interlayer‐resin flow during the SRE heating process and have a limited influence on the curing degree of CFRP composites. The tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the composites increased with the increase of CNT addition. Meanwhile, the flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength had the maximum value with the CNTs content of 0.5 wt% and decreased significantly at the CNTs content of 1.5 wt%. It concludes that the appropriate content of CNTs addition has the potential to improve the thermoset curing performance and mechanical properties of the CFRP laminate composites fabricated by SRE heating.Highlights
This study focuses on the effect of CNT addition on SRE heating for CFRP.
The addition of CNTs improved the temperature uniformity during SRE heating.
The addition of CNTs can reduce the voids of SRE‐cured CFRP composites.
Threshold value of CNTs affected the mechanical performance of SRE‐cured CFRP.
Coextruded polylactide/encapsulated cinnamon essential oil/graphene nanoplatelets trilayer films: Morphological, barrier, thermal, rheological and antimicrobial properties
Authors: Ahmed Jasim , Bher Anibal , Jacob Harsha , Al‐Zuwayed Sheikha A. , Auras Rafael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPolylactide (PLA)‐based biodegradable three‐layer packaging film was fabricated using PLA, PLA/cinnamon oil (CEO), and PLA/graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). The central layer allows control over the release of antimicrobes, and the outer layer adds mechanical strength to the films. A comparison has been made on barrier, thermal, rheological, microstructural, and microbiological properties between single‐layer and multilayer films (MLF). The water vapor and oxygen barrier properties of MLF showed little reduction compared with those of neat PLA. The tensile stress of the neat PLA increased significantly from 23.31 to 35.91 MPa for the MLF. Thermal analysis data showed improvements in the thermal stability of the MLF film, with onset and peak temperatures of 331.5 and 357.1°C, respectively. The dispersion of GNP in the PLA matrix and in MLF was assessed by XRD analysis and rheological measurement. The AFM roughness parameters Sa and Sq of those films varied widely, with the highest (13.9 and 20.9 μm) and the lowest (0.08 and 0.11 μm) magnitudes recorded for PLA/GNP and PLA/CEO films, respectively. Antibacterial assays of the film confirmed a strong bactericidal effect against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium, maintaining this activity for 21 days.Highlights
Polylactide/cinnamon oil/ graphene nanoplatelet multilayer films were coextruded.
X‐ray diffraction and rheology confirm the dispersion of graphene into PLA.
Tensile stress and thermal stability improved in the multilayer films.
AFM roughness parameters varied significantly between single‐ and multilayer films.
Antibacterial assays confirmed the strong bactericidal effect of films against pathogens.
Nonassociative Geometric and Quantum Information Flows and R‐Flux Deformations of Wormhole Solutions in String Gravity
Authors: Bubuianu Laurenţiu , Singleton Douglas , Vacaru Sergiu I. , Veliev Elşen Veli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article consists of an introduction to the theory of nonassociative geometric classical and quantum information flows defined by star products with R‐flux deformations in string gravity. Corresponding nonassociative generalizations of the concepts of classical Shannon entropy, quantum von Neumann entropy, Rényi entropy are formulated. The fundamental geometric and quantum information objects are computed following the Grigori Perelman statistical thermodynamic approach to Ricci flows and gravity theories generalized for phase spaces modeled as (co) tangent Lorentz bundles. Nonassociative parametric deformations and nonholonomic thermo‐geometric versions of statistical generating functions, their quantum analogues as density matrices are considered for deriving the entropy, energy and fluctuation functionals. This allows us to define and compute respective classical and quantum relative and conditional entropies, mutual information and nonassociative entanglement and thermodynamic information variables. The principles of nonassociative quantum geometric and information flow theory, QGIF, and study the basic properties of such quasi‐stationary models related to modified gravity theories are formulated. Applications are considered for nonassociative deformed and entangled couples of four‐dimensional (4‐d), wormholes (defined by respective spacetime and/or momentum type coordinates) and nonassociative QGIFs of 8‐d phase space generalized wormholes configurations. Finally, phase space black holes and wormholes being transversable for nonassociative qubits, quantum channels and entanglement witness are speculated; thought and laboratory experiments are discussed; and perspectives for quantum computer modeling and tests of nonassociative geometric flow and gravity theories are considered.
de Sitter Versus Anti‐de Sitter in Horndeski‐Like Gravity
Authors: Santos Fabiano F. , Pourhassan Behnam , Saridakis Emmanuel N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe general solutions of Horndeski‐like gravity that can interpolate between the de Sitter and anti‐de Sitter regimes are presented. In particular, the first‐order formalism with two scalar fields is developed, and considering a black hole ansatz with flat slicing, three different cases, namely exponential, vacuum, and smooth superpotential solutions, with no Minkowski extrema are investigated. Furthermore, these solutions show that a Renormalization Group flow is established, and a turnaround in the warp factor is obtained, where the transition is bounded by the area low. The ideal regimes to trap gravity, which are constructed using the holographic function, which provides stable and unstable regimes to localize gravity are discussed. Finally, it is shown that no ghost appear and that the matter sector that violates the ‐theorem is physical.
Unravelling the role of Silibinin in targeting CD44+ cancer stem cells: Therapeutic implications, effective strategies and approaches
Authors: Lotia Shreya , Patel Shanaya , Patel Aditi , Patel Vaishnavi , Shah Kanisha , Tanavde Vivek 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCD44+ cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to account for drug resistance and tumour recurrence due to their potential to self‐renew and differentiate into heterogeneous lineages. Therefore, efficient treatment strategies targeting and eliminating these CSCs are required. The flavonolignan, Silibinin, has gained immense attention in targeting CD44+ CSCs as it alters functional properties like cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, inhibition of invasion and metastasis and also inhibits a range of molecular pathways. However, its limited bioavailability is a major hurdle in asserting Silibinin as a translational therapeutic agent. Combinatorial therapy of Silibinin with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs is an alternative approach in targeting CD44+ CSCs as it increases the efficacy and reduces the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs, thus preventing drug resistance. Certain Silibinin‐conjugated nano‐formulations have also been successfully developed, through which there is improved absorptivity/bioavailability of Silibinin and a decrease in the concentration of therapeutic drugs leading to reduced cytotoxicity. In this review, we summarise the effectiveness of the synergistic therapeutic approach for Silibinin in targeting the molecular mechanisms of CD44+ CSCs and emphasise the potential role of Silibinin as a novel therapeutic agent.