bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhapontigenin Improves Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Inducing Lipophagy Through the ACOX1 and mTOR/ULK1 Pathways
Authors: Wang Ying-Xiao , Ke Xin-Ge , Wang Chen , Peng Kang-Bo , Wu He-Zhen , Yang Yan-Fang 
Published: November 2023

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is severely affecting the quality of people’s life. Rhapontigenin (RA) is a stilbene compound isolated from Rhubarb L., which has been reported to have an effect on cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats. This study aims to explore the pharmacodynamics and the mechanism of RA obtained from Rheum franzenbachii Munt. against NAFLD. RA was extracted from the roots of the Rheum L. (Polygonaceae) plant Rheum franzenbachii Munt. Materials and Methods RA was extracted by Sephadex-gel column and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV and HR-ESI-MS. The pharmacodynamic indexes of L-02 cells and mice treated with RA were determined by histological staining and ELISA, while the expression of autophagy-related proteins was analyzed by Western blot. Results The results in vivo showed that the liver structure of RA-treatment mice was normal, and the organ coefficient was significantly decreased. It also showed that RA could significantly reduce the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the liver as well as inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Interestingly, the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) could reverse the effect of RA on NAFLD, which further confirmed that RA plays an anti-NAFLD role through activating lipophagy. Conclusion It suggested that RA has an effect on NAFLD by down-regulating the expression of Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), p-mTOR, and p-Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), then inhibiting Acetyl-CoA (A-CoA) production, and up-regulating the expression of autophagy protein 5 (Atg5) to promote the lipophagy of lipocytes.
Intimate Partner Violence, Animal Maltreatment, and Barriers to Safety for Survivors with Companion Animals and Livestock: Findings From a Qualitative Study
Authors: Giesbrecht Crystal J. , Fletcher Amber J. , Wuerch Melissa A. 
Published: November 2023

This article examines the co-occurrence of violence against women and violence against animals based on interviews with 15 survivors in Saskatchewan, Canada. The qualitative data reveal complex dynamics of the human–animal bond for victims/survivors. Insufficient social supports exacerbate barriers for leaving relationships with animals when experiencing intimate partner violence; nonetheless, the participants perceived animals as crucial to their well-being. Care of horses and livestock is further complicated by financial issues and difficulty evacuating large animals. Survivors emphasized the need for social programs to assist survivors who care for companion animals and large animals. Content warning: This article contains descriptions of violence and abuse toward companion animals, horses, and livestock, as well as examples of animals being killed.
Toward an Increased Attention on ADHD Symptoms and Traits in Young Adults: Prevalence Data From Screening Tools in a Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic
Authors: Sanguineti Claudio , Nisticò Veronica , Folatti Irene , Santangelo Giulia , Faggioli Raffaella , Bertani Angelo , Gambini Orsola , Demartini Benedetta 
Published: November 2023

Objective: to analyze the prevalence of ADHD symptoms and traits in a heterogeneous clinical psychiatric sample of young adults (aged 18–24 years old), who referred to a specialized outpatient clinic for various psychiatric and psychological disturbances. Method: 259 participants completed three validated self-report screening questionnaires for ADHD: the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS), the Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Screening Scale for DSM-5 (ASRS-5), and the Conners’ adult ADHD rating scale (CAARS). Results: 12.4% of our sample scored above the cut-off at both the WURS and the ASRS-5 and was considered at risk of ADHD. Conclusion: the prevalence rate in our sample is higher than the one found in the adult general population (6.76%), and in the lower range of the one found in the adult clinical population (6.9%–38.8%). The potential role of sociodemographic (age, sex, gender identity, and employment) and comorbidity factors is discussed.
Using a foreign language does not make you think more: Null effects of using a foreign language on cognitive reflection and numeracy
Authors: Milczarski Wojciech , Borkowska Anna , Paruzel-Czachura Mariola , Białek Michał 
Published: November 2023

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: Using a foreign language is suggested to affect how we think, even reducing bias. However, the exact mechanisms of its influence are still unknown. In this project, we tested two variants of the “thinking more” mechanism driving the foreign language effect: increased cognitive reflection and greater task engagement. Design/methodology/approach: We analyzed previously collected data from five experiments employing the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) and/or the Berlin Numeracy Test (BNT), each administered in the native or foreign language. If the increased reflection explanation is true, the CRT score should be higher in participants using a foreign language. If the greater task engagement explanation is true, the BNT score should be higher in participants using a foreign language. Data and analysis: We report data from N = 1,288 participants who filled the CRT and N = 413 who filled the BNT. Data were analyzed using the NHST approach and its Bayesian alternative over a spectrum of liberal, default, and conservative priors. Data are publicly available at https://osf.io/m8tn9 Findings/conclusions: All the test results were nonsignificant and showed anecdotal to strong evidence that neither the CRT nor the BNT scores improved in the foreign language condition, also when controlling for proficiency. The proportion of intuitive to computational errors was also unaffected. Originality: We are the first to comprehensively test the thinking-more explanation of the foreign language effect. Significance/Implications: Our results undermine the claim that using a foreign language promotes more cognitive reflection or engagement. The foreign language effect likely has a different cause.
A Systematic Approach to Evidence-Based Design for Measurable Health and Wellness Outcomes: Curating and Translating Evidence to Practice
Authors: Harris Debra , Baker Erich , Svacina Jan , Funderburk LesLee 
Published: November 2023

Objectives: Evaluating evidence from peer-review literature for use in evidence-based design is often challenging for the design disciplines, requiring access to the peer-reviewed literature, expertise in evaluating methods and findings, and translating the results into actionable design and operational recommendations. Purpose: The purpose of this methods paper is to elucidate the process for systematic evaluation of research to translate evidence into practical application to improve design for occupant health and wellness. Background: Researchers have found strong connections in environmental design influence on health and wellness that have proven to be substantiative in the effort to improve health and well-being. Design has the capacity to encourage healthy choices and decisions within the built environment. Translation of evidence into applied design solutions may improve public health. Methods: A protocol is presented that culminates in the translation of evidence into design recommendations focused on improving occupant health. The protocol includes preparation for the literature search and review, search strategy, study selection, data analysis, and development of the literature review. Results: After evaluation of the evidence is completed, there were several positive findings in the example that stakeholders could utilize to improve the health of building occupants with programs and design to support nutrition, physical activity, and circadian entrainment. Conclusions: There are a variety of software tools and processes to utilize in the curation of evidence to improve the built environment with relevant design recommendations and operational considerations affecting the personal, social, and economic health of our society.
Examining motivation factors for African American students’ use of consumer wearables
Authors: White Monique , Malone Shelia , Berhie Girmay , Pizzetta Candis , Davidson Edith , Azevedo Mario , Hines Andre , Ikem Fidelis , Jones Lena M 
Published: November 2023

Purpose This study was initiated to examine factors that motivate African American students who use wearable devices at an HBCU in Mississippi. Method We conducted a correlational research study on undergraduate and graduate students from a southern USA university. The stratified random sample comprised a total of 239 students. The responses of the students were analyzed using the Fisher exact test to determine whether or not there was a significant association between the categorical demographic variables (age, gender, ethnicity, and student classification) and the students’ motivation for using a wearable device. Results Students used wearables for one main reason, to help them increase their awareness of their health status because they understand the importance of tracking their health metrics to boost their health status and reduce risk factors for developing chronic diseases. Students also demonstrated that they understand the value of tracking health information, such as heart rate and blood pressure, as a way to reduce the prevalence and impact of risk factors that can lead to chronic diseases. Conclusions Wearables enable individuals to regularly observe, measure, and record their physical status and physiological measures, and facilitate medication adherence by enabling individuals to maintain their prescribed medication regimen adequately. The data collected and stored through these wearables can provide data that will be useful for medical personnel in their treatment of patients and in developing strategies for prevention and intervention for the larger community.
Risk factors for developmental vulnerability: Insight from population-level surveillance using the Early Development Instrument
Authors: Talarico Fernanda , Liu Yang S , Metes Dan , Wang Mengzhe , Wearmouth Dori , Kiyang Lawrence , Wei Yifeng , Gaskin Ashley , Greenshaw Andrew , Janus Magdalena , Cao Bo 
Published: November 2023

Objectives Population-level studies may elucidate the most promising intervention targets to prevent negative outcomes of developmental vulnerability in children. This study aims to bridge the current literature gap on identifying population-level developmental vulnerability risk factors using combined social and biological/health information. Methods This study assessed developmental vulnerability among kindergarten children using the 2016 Early Development Instrument (EDI) and identified risk factors of developmental vulnerability using EDI data cross-linked to a population-wide administrative health dataset. A total number of 23,494 children aged 5–6 were included (48% female). Prenatal, neonatal, and early childhood risk factors for developmental vulnerability were investigated, highlighting the most important ones contributing to early development. Results The main risk factors for developmental vulnerability were children with a history of mental health diagnosis (risk ratio  = 1.46), biological sex–male (risk ratio =  1.51), and poor socioeconomic status (risk ratio =  1.58). Conclusion Our study encompasses both social and health information in a populational-level representative sample of Alberta, Canada. The results confirm evidence established in other geographic regions and jurisdictions and demonstrate the association between perinatal risk factors and developmental vulnerability. Based on these results, we argue that the health system should adopt a multilevel prevention and intervention strategy, targeting individual, family, and community together.
Development of a notification delivery specimen system for perioperative Thai nurses via the LINE application
Authors: Yodchai Kantaporn , Khaorapapong Thanate , Karnjanadecha Montri , Songsriboonsit Buppha 
Published: November 2023

Objective The aim of the study was to develop and examine satisfaction in using a notification delivery specimen system for perioperative Thai nurses through the LINE application. Methods Design and development research was used in the study and 100 perioperative nurses were recruited from the three operating theatres in hospital settings in Thailand. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results The overall satisfaction in using a notification delivery specimen system for perioperative Thai nurses through the LINE application was at the high level (M = 4.09, SD = 0.75). The perioperative nurses reported ease of use and safety scored high (M = 4.24, SD = 0.62), followed by sharpness of figures and the coloured light alert (M = 4.15, SD = 0.92), sending messages via LINE notification, and delivering the specimen quickly within the time period (M = 4.10, SD = 0.69). Conclusion The notification delivery specimen system, designed specifically for perioperative Thai nurses and integrated with the LINE application, yielded exceptionally high levels of satisfaction among users. These promising results suggest the potential for widespread adoption in various hospital settings in the coming years.
Association of Periprosthetic Fibula Fracture With Knotless Suture Button (TightRope) Fixation for Ankle Syndesmosis in Elite Athletes
Authors: Hong Choon Chiet , Harrison William D. , Clough Tim , Calder James 
Published: November 2023

Background: Suture button fixation is frequently used to stabilize the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis in athletes sustaining an isolated ligamentous syndesmosis injury. Purpose: To report on a series of periprosthetic fibula fractures adjacent to the lateral suture button after a subsequent unrelated ankle injury or progressive stress injury after initial ankle syndesmosis stabilization using the knotless TightRope (Arthrex). Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Eight elite athletes with periprosthetic fibula fractures and stress injuries around the lateral suture buttons were evaluated. In all athletes, the knotless TightRope had been used to stabilize an isolated ligamentous ankle syndesmotic injury, after which all patients recovered and returned to professional sports at their preinjury level. The athletes subsequently developed an acute fibula fracture or a fibula stress fracture related to the 3.7-mm drill hole in the fibula adjacent to the lateral suture buttons after a mean of 14.1 months (range, 5-29 months). The management of these complications was analyzed. Results: Five athletes sustained a periprosthetic fibula fracture in the form of undisplaced spiral Weber B injuries after a subsequent, unrelated injury. Poor healing response was noted with initial nonoperative treatment for the first 2 athletes, and surgical intervention was performed with successful union of the fracture and return to sports. The subsequent 3 athletes had early surgery with uneventful recovery. Another 3 athletes developed stress injuries adjacent to the fibula suture button without a history of acute trauma. In 2 of the 3 athletes, the position of lateral suture buttons was in the anterior third of the fibula. Initial nonoperative management yielded poor healing response, and subsequent surgical intervention was required to enable healing and return to sports. Conclusion: Nonoperative management of fractures adjacent to the fibula suture button of a knotless TightRope may lead to a delay in union. Therefore, early surgical intervention should be considered in elite athletes, whose return-to-sports time is critical. Care is needed to ensure that the fibula hole for the suture button is centrally located because the eccentric placement of the fibula hole in the anterior third of the fibula may contribute to the development of a stress reaction or stress fracture. Surgical intervention for a periprosthetic fibula stress fracture leads to satisfactory resolution of symptoms.
Association between blood pressure variability and outcomes after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: An individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Palaiodimou Lina , Joundi Raed A , Katsanos Aristeidis H , Ahmed Niaz , Kim Joon-Tae , Goyal Nitin , Maier Ilko L , de Havenon Adam , Anadani Mohammad , Matusevicius Marius , Mistry Eva A , Khatri Pooja , Arthur Adam S , Sarraj Amrou , Yaghi Shadi , Shoamanesh Ashkan , Catanese Luciana , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Malhotra Konark , Spiotta Alejandro M , Vassilopoulou Sofia , Tsioufis Konstantinos , Sandset Else Charlotte , Alexandrov Andrei V , Petersen Nils , Tsivgoulis Georgios 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Data on the association between blood pressure variability (BPV) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and outcomes are limited. We sought to identify whether BPV within the first 24 hours post EVT was associated with key stroke outcomes. Methods: We combined individual patient-data from five studies among AIS-patients who underwent EVT, that provided individual BP measurements after the end of the procedure. BPV was estimated as either systolic-BP (SBP) standard deviation (SD) or coefficient of variation (CV) over 24 h post-EVT. We used a logistic mixed-effects model to estimate the association [expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aOR)] between tertiles of BPV and outcomes of 90-day mortality, 90-day death or disability [modified Rankin Scale-score (mRS) > 2], 90-day functional impairment (⩾1-point increase across all mRS-scores), and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), adjusting for age, sex, stroke severity, co-morbidities, pretreatment with intravenous thrombolysis, successful recanalization, and mean SBP and diastolic-BP levels within the first 24 hours post EVT. Results: There were 2640 AIS-patients included in the analysis. The highest tertile of SBP-SD was associated with higher 90-day mortality (aOR:1.44;95% CI:1.08–1.92), 90-day death or disability (aOR:1.49;95% CI:1.18–1.89), and 90-day functional impairment (adjusted common OR:1.42;95% CI:1.18–1.72), but not with sICH (aOR:1.22;95% CI:0.76–1.98). Similarly, the highest tertile of SBP-CV was associated with higher 90-day mortality (aOR:1.33;95% CI:1.01–1.74), 90-day death or disability (aOR:1.50;95% CI:1.19–1.89), and 90-day functional impairment (adjusted common OR:1.38;95% CI:1.15–1.65), but not with sICH (aOR:1.33;95% CI:0.83–2.14). Conclusions: BPV after EVT appears to be associated with higher mortality and disability, independently of mean BP levels within the first 24 h post EVT. BPV in the first 24 h may be a novel target to improve outcomes after EVT for AIS.
Surfacing the causal assumptions and active ingredients of healthcare quality improvement interventions: An application to primary care opioid prescribing
Authors: McCleary Nicola , Laur Celia , Presseau Justin , Dobell Gail , Lam Jonathan M.C. , Gushue Sharon , Hagel Katie , Bevan Lindsay , Salach Lena , Desveaux Laura , M. Ivers Noah 
Published: November 2023

Background Efforts to maximize the impact of healthcare improvement interventions are hampered when intervention components are not well defined or described, precluding the ability to understand how and why interventions are expected to work. Method We partnered with two organizations delivering province-wide quality improvement interventions to establish how they envisaged their interventions lead to change (their underlying causal assumptions) and to identify active ingredients (behavior change techniques [BCTs]). The interventions assessed were an audit and feedback report and an academic detailing program. Both focused on supporting safer opioid prescribing in primary care in Ontario, Canada. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with intervention developers ( n = 8) and a content analysis of intervention documents. Analyses unpacked and articulated how the interventions were intended to achieve change and how this was operationalized. Results: Developers anticipated that the feedback report would provide physicians with a clear understanding of their own prescribing patterns in comparison to others. In the feedback report, we found an emphasis on BCTs consistent with that assumption ( feedback on behavior; social comparison). The detailing was designed to provide tailored support to enable physicians to overcome barriers to change and to gradually enact specific practice changes for patients based on improved communication. In the detailing materials, we found an emphasis on instructions on how to perform the behavior, for a range of behaviors (e.g., tapering opioids, treating opioid use disorder). The materials were supplemented by detailer-enacted BCTs (e.g., social support [practical]; goal setting [behavior]; review behavioral goal[s]). Conclusions The interventions included a small range of BCTs addressing various clinical behaviors. This work provides a methodological example of how to apply a behavioral lens to surface the active ingredients, target clinical behaviors, and causal assumptions of existing large-scale improvement interventions that could be applied in other contexts to optimize effectiveness and facilitate scale and spread.
Autism through midlife: trajectories of symptoms, behavioral functioning, and health
Authors: Hong Jinkuk , DaWalt Leann Smith , Taylor Julie Lounds , Haider Aasma , Mailick Marsha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
This study describes change in autism symptoms, behavioral functioning, and health measured prospectively over 22 years. Most studies tracking developmental trajectories have focused on autism during childhood, although adulthood is the longest stage of the life course. A robust understanding of how autistic people change through midlife and into older age has yet to be obtained.

Methods
Using an accelerated longitudinal design with 9 waves of data, developmental trajectories were estimated from adolescence through midlife and into early old age in a community-based cohort (n = 406). The overall aim was to determine whether there were age-related increases or decreases, whether the change was linear or curvilinear, and whether these trajectories differed between those who have ID and those who have average or above-average intellectual functioning. Subsequently, the slopes of the trajectories were evaluated to determine if they differed depending on age when the study began, with the goal of identifying possible cohort effects.

Results
There were significant trajectories of age-related change for all but one of the measures, although different measures manifested different patterns. Most autism symptoms improved through adulthood, while health worsened. An inverted U-shaped curve best described change for repetitive behavior symptoms, activities of daily living, maladaptive behaviors, and social interaction. For these measures, improved functioning was evident from adolescence until midlife. Then change leveled off, with worsening functioning from later midlife into early older age. Additionally, differences between autistic individuals with and without ID were evident. Although those who have ID had poorer levels of functioning, there were some indications that those without ID had accelerating challenges in their aging years that were not evident in those with ID – increases in medications for physical health problems and worsening repetitive behaviors.

Conclusions
Meeting the needs of the increasingly large population of autistic adults in midlife and old age requires a nuanced understanding of life course trajectories across the long stretch of adulthood and across multiple domains. Given the heterogeneity of autism, it will be important not to generalize across sub-groups, for example those who are minimally verbal and those who have above-average intellectual functioning.