bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing distance effect between Cu and acid sites in zeolite catalysts for oxidation of methane
Authors: Yokoi Toshiyuki , Xiao Peipei , Wang Yong , Nakamura Kengo , Lu Yao , Huang Jun , Wang Lizhuo , Bekhti Samya , Gies Hermann 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cu-exchanged aluminosilicate zeolite catalysts have widely been applied in direct oxidation of methane to methanol (DMTM). The Bronsted acid sites (BAS) may cause the tandem reaction of methanol to hydrocarbons (MTH). Unraveling the distance effect of bifunctional sites in tandem catalysis was particularly significant and challenging. However, it has not been well explored in direct oxidation of methane so far. Here, we probed the distance effect between Cu and BAS in Cu/AEI zeolite catalysis on the reaction performance of direct oxidation of methane. The distance between Cu and BAS was regulated by varying the concentrations of Cu(NO3)2 solution in the Cu loading process by ion-exchange method. It was revealed that the close distance between Cu and BAS was obtained in the low Cu density, which was beneficial for the formation of hydrocarbons. The close distance between Cu and Cu sites was achieved in the high Cu density, which was prone to generate CO and CO2. The equilibrium distance between Cu and BAS was favorable for the stable production of methanol. Moreover, a physical mixture of Cu/AEI zeolite and acidic zeolites in different integration manners also revealed that the close distance between Cu and BAS was advantageous for the formation of hydrocarbons. Noteworthy, the product distribution and formation rate were highly dependent on the acidic properties and structure of acidic zeolite. This work would provide guidance for designing efficient catalysts to prevent methanol from reacting and thus maintain high methanol yield, as well as open up a new avenue for direct oxidation of methane to hydrocarbons (DMTH) via methanol intermediate at low temperatures.
Biogeographic patterns of polyploidy in the spleenwort: bridging divergent perspectives over the evolutionary consequences of polyploidy
Authors: Heo Namjoo , Yun Seona , Sloan Evan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite substantial progress in genomic and phenotypic research on polyploidy, its broader eco-evolutionary implications remain elusive. We thus focused on spleenworts as a model system to investigate the impact of polyploidy on their biogeographic patterns. Contrary to the conventional expectation that polyploids would be more common at higher latitudes, our findings showed a higher prevalence in tropical regions, with their dominance gradually decreasing toward the poles. Both diploid and polyploid species richness in spleenworts displayed similar responses to biogeographic factors such as elevation and isolation from waterbodies that serve as indicators of stress tolerance. This suggested that the potential evolutionary advantages associated with polyploidy at the individual level may not necessarily translate to higher organizational levels. Instead, regional disparities in polyploid formation and extinction rates, particularly influenced by ecological interactions among species, may play a critical role in determining global biogeographic patterns. Our study therefore underscores the importance of understanding the geographic contexts in which polyploidy can either pose an evolutionary risk or contribute to success in plant diversification.
Does Krill Oil Have an Effect on Rapid Maxillary Expansion? A Micro-Ct and Immunohistochemical Analysis
Authors: Simsek Doga , Gok Gulay Dumanli , Delipinar Sibel Demirci 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess systemically given krill oil (KO) effects on the development of new bone in the premaxillary suture following rapid maxillary expansion (RME).
Materials and methods: Twenty eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: Control (C),Only Expansion (OE) (no supplement but expansion and retention), KE (supplement during the expansion and retention), Krill Oil Nursery Group (KON) (supplement during nursery phase of 40 days and during the expansion and retention). A 5-day RPE was followed by a 12-day retention period was performed. All rats were euthanized at the same time. Micro-CT and immunohistochemical analysis were implemented. Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests were applied.
Results: Expansion and KO supplementation did not cause a statistically significant change in BMD, BV/TV, BS/BV, Tb.Th. While expansion prosedure increased the trabecular seperation, KO supplemantation decreased the effect. KE group Tb.N was found to be statistically significantly higher than the OE group. Although RANKL/OPG results showed no significant difference between groups, KE and OE showed the lowest and highest value, respectively. KE showed decreased amount of TRAP when compared OE.
Conclusion: KO positively affected the architecture of the new bone formed in the midpalatal suture.
Knowledge and Barriers of Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest Bystander Intervention and Public Access Automated External Defibrillator Use in the Northeast of England. A Cross-sectional Survey Study.
Authors: Dew Rosie , Norton Michael , Aitken-Fell Paul , Blance Phil , Miles Steven , Potts Sean , Wilkes Scott 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Intervention by members of the public during an out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHAC) including resuscitation attempts and accessible automated external defibrillator (AED) has been shown to improve survival. This study aimed to investigate the OHCA and AED knowledge and confidence, and barriers to intervention, of the public of North East England, UK
Methods: This study used a face-to-face cross-sectional survey on a public high street in Newcastle, UK. Participants were asked unprompted to explain what they would do when faced with an OHCA collapse. Chi-Square analysis was used to test the association of the independent variables sex and first aid trained on the participants’ responses.
Results: Of the 421 participants recruited to our study, 82.9% (n=349) reported that they would know what to do during an OHCA collapse. The most frequent OHCA action mentioned was call 999 (64.1%, n=270/421) and 58.2% (n=245/421) of participants reported that they would commence CPR. However, only 14.3% (n=60/421) of participants spontaneously mentioned that they would locate an AED, while only 4.5% (n=19/421) recounted that they would apply the AED. Just over half of participants (50.8%, n=214/421) were first aid trained, with statistically more females than males being first aiders (p=0.01 χ2=7.41). Most participants (80.3%, n=338/421) knew what an AED was, and 34.7% (n=326/421) reported that they knew how to use one, however, only 11.9% (n=50/421) mentioned that they would actually shock a patient. Being first aid trained increased the likelihood of freely recounting actions for OHCA and AED intervention. The most common barrier to helping during an OHCA was lack of knowledge (29.9%, n=126/421)
Conclusion: Although most participants reported they would know what to do during an OHCA and had knowledge of an AED, low numbers of participants spontaneously mentioned specific OHCA and AED actions. Improving public knowledge would help improve the public’s confidence of intervening during an OHCA and may improve OHCA survival.
Prehospital Blood Gas Analyses in Acute Patients treated by a Ground-based Physician-manned Emergency Unit: A Cohort Study
Authors: Walther Louise Houlberg , Lassen Annmarie Touborg , Mogensen Christian Backer , Christensen Erika Frischknecht , Mikkelsen Søren 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: The prehospital patients treated by ambulances and mobile emergency care units (MECU) are potentially critically ill or injured. Knowing the risks of serious outcomes in these patients is important for guiding their treatment. Some settings allow for prehospital arterial blood gas analyses. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of prehospital patients in relation to their prehospitally measured lactate, pH, and CO2 levels. The primary outcome was 7-day mortality.
Methods: This register-based cohort study included patients with one or more prehospital blood gas analyses during their prehospital treatment by a physician-manned MECU, from January 2015 to December 2018. The blood samples were analyzed on an ABL90 Flex analyzer. Absolute values with percentages and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the primary and secondary outcomes within prespecified subgroups.
Results: The study included 745 patients, with an overall 7-day mortality rate of 20.0%.
Lactate level: The 7-day mortality rates were 11.5% in patients with normal lactate levels (<2.0 mmol/L), 14.4% with intermediate lactate levels (2.0-3.9 mmol/L), and 33.0% with high lactate levels (≥4.0 mmol/L). This corresponded to an OR of 1.30 (95% CI: 0.75-2.24) in the intermediate lactate group (2.0-3.9 mmol/L) and an OR of 3.77 (95% CI: 2.44-5.85) in the high lactate group (≥4.0 mmol/L), compared to the reference group with normal lactate.
pH level: The ORs of 7-day mortality rates were 4.82 (95% CI: 3.00-7.75) in patients with blood pH of <7.35 and 1.33 (95% CI: 0.65-2.72) in patients with blood pH >7.45, compared to the reference group with normal pH (7.35-7.45).
CO2 level: The ORs of 7-day mortality rates were 2.54 (95% CI: 1.45-4.46) in patients with blood CO2 of <4.3 kPa and 2.62 (95% CI: 1.70-4.03) in patients with blood CO2 >6.0 kPa, compared to the reference group with normal CO2 (4.3-6.0 kPa).
Conclusions: This study found a strong correlation between increasing 7-day mortality rates and high blood lactate levels, low levels of pH, and abnormal CO2 blood levels, in prehospital patients undergoing prehospital blood analysis. Prehospital risk stratification may be aided by Point-of-care blood gas analysis at the prehospital scene.
Feeling lonely and dissatisfied – Understanding Social Network Functioning in Stroke Survivors
Authors: Kam Jia En , Choo Pei Ling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Post-stroke social networks are associated with functional recovery. However, there is little information on the social networks of stroke survivors and whether institutionalized and community-dwelling stroke survivors view their social relationships differently.
Purpose: To i) understand social networks of stroke survivors and any influencing sociodemographic factors, as well as to iii) compare differences between institutionalized and community-dwelling stroke survivors.
Methods: Stroke survivors were recruited from eight healthcare institutions in Singapore. Stroke Social Network Scale (SSNS) was administered to assess the social network functioning. Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS) was used to evaluate state boredom levels.
Results: 160 stroke survivors completed the study. Stroke survivors reported a mean(SD) of 53.7(17.2) on the SSNS total score. Institutionalized stroke survivors reported significantly lower SSNS scores than community-dwelling stroke survivors, (U=1856.5, z=-4.234, p<.001). Nearly a third (30.6%, n=45) of the stroke survivors reported feeling lonely. Only 28.1% (n=45) stroke survivors reported being ‘Very Satisfied’ with their overall social network. Compared to community-dwelling stroke survivors, institutionalized stroke survivors felt more lonely (40.7%) and only 25% were very satisfied with their social networks with all p<.05.
Conclusions: Stroke survivors had poor functioning social relationships. This study identified that the perceived social support of institutionalized stroke survivors was poorer than community dwelling stroke survivors. A large proportion of stroke survivors reported feeling lonely and were not satisfied with their social networks. Identifying those at risk may be a means to prevent loneliness, increase social network satisfaction to improve well-being and quality of life.
Ecological sustainability assessment of agricultural production systems in the Sistan region using emergy footprint analysis
Authors: Tanakian Sanaz , Asgharipour Mohammad Reza , Ghanbari Ahmad , Ramroudi Mahmoud 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Agriculture is a major source of rural income in Sistan. The viability of this industry depends on the health and ecological resilience of the agricultural systems and the ecosystems they rely on. The study covered various crops such as wheat, barley, corn (grain and forage), alfalfa, canola, watermelon, melon, mung bean, lentil, onion, garlic, fennel, cumin, and black seed. The study employed the stratified sampling method with proportional allocation. In this context, data pertaining to the inputs and outputs of production systems were gathered by means of interviews conducted with farmers and by utilising statistics obtained from meteorological stations. Subsequently, employing the emergy analysis methodology, the input and output flows were transformed into emergy units, denoted as sej. The investigation focused on assessing the ecological sustainability of production systems by using emergy footprint indicators. The study's findings revealed that the wheat cultivated in Zahak had the highest emergy carrying capacity, while the mung bean grown in Hamoun had the lowest emergy carrying capacity. The wheat production systems in Zahak have the highest ecological footprint due to their high input consumption compared to other crops. Moreover, it is noteworthy that Zahak wheat showed the largest ecological surplus, while Hirmand corn grain showed a production system characterised by high safety measures. The study's findings suggest that there is a lack of ecological and economic balance in all of the production systems examined. In general, the efficient use of resources can reduce both the economic and ecological costs associated with production systems.
Impacts of Physical Activity Interventions on Psychiatric Symptom Severity in Adults with Severe Mental illness: A Systematic Review
Authors: Todd Anika , Rhodes Ryan E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a well-established relationship between physical activity (PA) and improved mental and physical health. However, the focus has been on mild to moderate anxiety and depression, while there has been a paucity in the literature regarding the impacts of PA on psychiatric symptoms in individuals with severe mental illness (SMI), and the potential utility of PA as an adjunctive treatment for these conditions. The purpose of this narrative analysis was to examine the effects of PA interventions on psychiatric symptoms among individuals with SMI, which we defined as schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar disorders, and major depressive disorders.
Methods
A search was conducted in MEDLINE PsycInfo, and SPORTDiscus databases concluding in January 2023 that included studies published in an English peer-reviewed journal, with a PA intervention, conducted with adults (≥ 18yrs) diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder. The search returned 119 articles, and 10 met eligibility criteria.
Results
Results clearly showed that PA caused no harm and that a small improvement in psychiatric symptom severity was achieved, with effect sizes ranging from 0.013 to 0.712.
Conclusions
Physical activity interventions can decrease psychiatric symptom severity in persons with severe mental illness and may be an efficacious adjuvant treatment to pharmacological management of schizophrenia, bipolar and major depressive disorders. Physical activity interventions did not have any adverse effects on individuals with severe mental illness. However, the current literature is heterogeneous in terms of PA types, frequency, duration, and intensity, and further research is needed before specific PA recommendations can be made as an adjunctive treatment for individuals with SMI.
Late In-Stent Restenosis of a Saphenous Vein Graft Treated with High Pressure Balloon Dilatation and Drug Eluting Balloon Dilatation: Case Report.
Authors: Rogowski Marek , Kara Kaffer 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction In the modern interventional treatment of degenerated saphenous vein grafts, the use of both bare metal and drug eluting stents have been described so far. Drug eluting balloons have been increasingly used in cases of in-stent restenosis and to some extent denovo stenosis of native coronary vessels. Based on pure logic approach, the use of drug eluting balloons in in-stent restenosis of the saphenous vein graft may be of great interest. Still, few high-quality data on this subject exist and no general recommendations can be made.Case presentation This paper illustrates a typical case of a symptomatic late in-stent restenosis of a saphenous vein graft occurred 15 months after a percutaneous coronary intervention with implantation of two drug eluting stents. Intravascular ultrasound revealed a mixture of stent underexpansion and severe neointima. This was treated safely with a prolonged high pressure balloon dilatation followed by dilatation with a drug eluting balloon. The primary result was very good. During the intervention the patient remained asymptomatic and was discharged the next day on dual anti-platelet therapy. During the 10-month follow-up the patient remained asymptomatic.Conclusion This case demonstrates the usefulness and clinical safety of drug eluting balloons in treating in-stent restenosis in the saphenous vein grafts.
The added value of the km-scale multimodel ensemble of the FPS-Convection to describe wind speed over the Alps
Authors: Molina María Ofelia , Careto JM , Gutiérrez C. , Sánchez E. , Goergen K. , Sobolowski S. , Coppola E. , Pichelli E. , Ban N. , Belusíc D. , Short C. , Caillaud C. , Dobler A. , Hodnebrog Ø. , Kartsios S. , Lenderink G. , de Vries H. , Göktürk O. , Milovac J. , Feldmann H. , Truhetz H. , Demory ME. , Warrach-Sagi K. , Keuler K. , Adinolfi M. , Raffa M. , Tölle M. , Sieck K. , Bastin S. , Soares PMM. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The advancement of computational resources has allowed researchers to conduct convection-permitting regional climate model (CPRCM) simulations. A pioneering effort promoting a multimodel ensemble of such simulations is the CORDEX Flagship Pilot Studies (FPS) on "Convective Phenomena over Europe and the Mediterranean" over an extended Alps region. In this study, the Distribution Added Value metric is used to determine the improvement of the representation of all available FPS hindcast simulations for the daily mean wind speed. The analysis is performed on normalized empirical probability distributions and considers station observation data as the reference. The use of a normalized metric allows for spatial comparison among the different regions (coast and inland), altitudes and seasons. This approach permits a direct assessment of the added value between the CPRCM simulations against their global driving reanalysis (ERA-Interim) and respective coarser resolution regional model counterparts. In general, the results show that CPRCMs add value to their global driving reanalysis or forcing regional model, due to better-resolved topography or through better representation of ocean-land contrasts. However, the nature and magnitude of the improvement in the wind speed representation vary depending on the model, the season, the altitude, or the region. Among seasons, the improvement is usually larger in summer than winter. CPRCMs generally display gains at low and medium range altitudes. In addition, despite some shortcomings in comparison to ERA-Interim, which can be attributed to the assimilation of wind observations on the coast, the CPRCMs outperform the coarser regional climate models, both along the coast and inland.
Establish the methods to verify the residue of nonanoic acid and sodium chlorate in red beans
Authors: Yang Zi-Ting , Chen Sz-Ying , Huang Chen-Hua , Shyu Tsyr-Horng , Tsen Chao-Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An analytical technique for residual sodium chlorate and nonanoic acid is proposed in this work to investigate the ranges of residue amounts in field-collected samples of red beans as well as the degradation of the compounds during storage conditions. The background value of endogenous nonanoic acid in red beans is also explored to provide evidence for verification of organic agricultural products or implementation of incentive measures for natural drying programs. In pretreatment, samples of sodium chlorate and nonanoic acid were extracted after oscillation via deionized water and acetone/n-hexane for corresponding ion chromatography (IC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was determined to be 0.5 µg/g for sodium chlorate and 0.05 µg/g for nonanoic acid, and the results of the recovery tests for both substances conformed to the performance requirements of the standard methods. After drying the test sample for 5 days, red bean pods (including both kernels and capsules) were detected to have > 50 µg/g sodium chlorate and > 6 µg/g nonanoic acid, and no degradation trend was found in the concentration of sodium chlorate or nonanoic acid during the 3 weeks when the samples were kept in an outdoor sunlight or indoor cold storage environment. Based on the nonanoic acid concentration range in 78 field samples, the average endogenous nweonanoic acid content in red bean pods was calculated to be 1.4 g/g and did not exceed 1.88 g/g at the 99.9% confidence level, the allowable value for nonanoic acid is thus 2 g/g.
Structure and ontogeny of inflorescence and flower of Bactris simplicifrons Mart. (Arecaceae, Arecoideae, Bactridinae)
Authors: Hidalgo Arnaldo Antonio Briceño , de Mendonça Maria Silvia , Jáuregui Damelis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The paper investigates the ontogeny and morphoanatomy of flowers and inflorescences of Bactris simplicifrons Mart. The objective was to provide useful biological information and add features that may be of interest in the taxonomy of the genus. To achieve this, we use light and scanning electron microscopy. The ontogenetic study reveals the acropetal development of the inflorescences, as well as the formation of one subtending bract for each flower of the triad and one for each triad, the latter being connate. Similarly, the sequence of centripetal development of the flower parts and the formation of the gynoecium were evident, synascidiate at the base, symplicate at the top and assimplicate at the apex. Additionally, the histological arrangement of each floral organ was characterized and all the appendages observed were described. The characters of possible diagnostic value are: length of stigmatic lobes, indumentum and morphology of trichomes, absence of rigid emergence, content of phenolic compounds, morphology of the staminal filament, among others.