bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Political relations and trade: New evidence from Australia, China, and the United States
Authors: Cai Yifei , Saadaoui Jamel , Wu Yanrui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article employs structural vector autoregression and local projection methods to examine the impacts of the deterioration in the US–China political relations on bilateral trade between Australia and China. Three scenarios are considered to reflect the evolution of US geopolitical strategies in recent years such as “America First”, “China Threat Theory” and “The Protection of US Allies”. The simulation results illustrate that worsening the US–China political relations has a negative impact on Australian exports to and imports from China. It is also found that economic conditions in the US play a more important role in the transmission of this impact than those in China and Australia. In addition, various options are explored to check the robustness of the findings in this article.
Post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Sigler Rachel , Covarrubias Karina , Chen Benjamin , Rubarth Rodrigo Barriola , Torosian Kelly , Sanchez Claudia Ramirez , Bharti Ajay , DeGruttola Victor , Aslam Saima 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPost‐acute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) (PASC), defined as prolonged symptoms following an episode of COVID‐19, is not well‐characterized in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR). In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of PASC in SOTR, its descriptive characteristics, and associated risk factors.MethodsWe retrospectively identified SOTRs with acute COVID‐19 between June 1, 2020 and April 15, 2022, and abstracted demographic and medical history, characteristics of acute COVID‐19 illness, and COVID‐19 vaccination status. We defined PASC as ongoing/new symptoms present at 6 weeks or longer following acute COVID‐19 diagnosis.ResultsAmong 208 SOTRs with acute COVID‐19, 72 (35%) developed PASC. Common symptoms were respiratory symptoms (67%), headache (40%), and difficulty concentrating (10%). Severe acute COVID‐19 disease and presence of respiratory symptoms were associated with higher odds of PASC in multivariable analyses, while receipt of at least one COVID‐19 vaccination prior to transplantation was protective.ConclusionWe found that PASC occurs in about a third of SOTRs with acute COVID‐19 and has similar symptoms as described previously in immunocompetent hosts. Pre‐transplant vaccination may be protective. Further prospective multicenter studies are needed.
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Recent advances in unraveling the mystery of combined nutrient stress in plants
Authors: DeLoose Megan , Clúa Joaquin , Cho Huikyong , Zheng Luqing , Masmoudi Khaled , Desnos Thierry , Krouk Gabriel , Nussaume Laurent , Poirier Yves , Rouached Hatem 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYEfficiently regulating growth to adapt to varying resource availability is crucial for organisms, including plants. In particular, the acquisition of essential nutrients is vital for plant development, as a shortage of just one nutrient can significantly decrease crop yield. However, plants constantly experience fluctuations in the presence of multiple essential mineral nutrients, leading to combined nutrient stress conditions. Unfortunately, our understanding of how plants perceive and respond to these multiple stresses remains limited. Unlocking this mystery could provide valuable insights and help enhance plant nutrition strategies. This review focuses specifically on the regulation of phosphorous homeostasis in plants, with a primary emphasis on recent studies that have shed light on the intricate interactions between phosphorous and other essential elements, such as nitrogen, iron, and zinc, as well as non‐essential elements like aluminum and sodium. By summarizing and consolidating these findings, this review aims to contribute to a better understanding of how plants respond to and cope with combined nutrient stress.
Plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) protects photosystem I and not photosystem II against photoinhibition in Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Messant Marine , Hani Umama , Lai Thanh‐Lan , Wilson Adjélé , Shimakawa Ginga , Krieger‐Liszkay Anja 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYThe plastid terminal oxidase PTOX controls the oxidation level of the plastoquinone pool in the thylakoid membrane and acts as a safety valve upon abiotic stress, but detailed characterization of its role in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus is limited. Here we used PTOX mutants in two model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha. In Arabidopsis, lack of PTOX leads to a severe defect in pigmentation, a so‐called variegated phenotype, when plants are grown at standard light intensities. We created a green Arabidopsis PTOX mutant expressing the bacterial carotenoid desaturase CRTI and a double mutant in Marchantia lacking both PTOX isoforms, the plant‐type and the alga‐type PTOX. In both species, lack of PTOX affected the redox state of the plastoquinone pool. Exposure of plants to high light intensity showed in the absence of PTOX higher susceptibility of photosystem I to light‐induced damage while photosystem II was more stable compared with the wild type demonstrating that PTOX plays both, a pro‐oxidant and an anti‐oxidant role in vivo. Our results shed new light on the function of PTOX in the protection of photosystem I and II.
Genetic prediction of 33 blood group phenotypes using an existing genotype dataset
Authors: Moslemi Camous , Sækmose Susanne G. , Larsen Rune , Bay Jakob T. , Brodersen Thorsten , Didriksen Maria , Hjalgrim Henrik , Banasik Karina , Nielsen Kaspar R. , Bruun Mie T. , Dowsett Joseph , Dinh Khoa M. , Mikkelsen Susan , Mikkelsen Christina , Hansen Thomas F. , Ullum Henrik , Erikstrup Christian , Brunak Søren , Krogfelt Karen Angeliki , Storry Jill R. , Ostrowski Sisse R. , Olsson Martin L. , Pedersen Ole B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccurate blood type data are essential for blood bank management, but due to costs, few of 43 blood group systems are routinely determined in Danish blood banks. However, a more comprehensive dataset of blood types is useful in scenarios such as rare blood type allocation. We aimed to investigate the viability and accuracy of predicting blood types by leveraging an existing dataset of imputed genotypes for two cohorts of approximately 90,000 each (Danish Blood Donor Study and Copenhagen Biobank) and present a more comprehensive overview of blood types for our Danish donor cohort.Study Design and MethodsBlood types were predicted from genome array data using known variant determinants. Prediction accuracy was confirmed by comparing with preexisting serological blood types. The Vel blood group was used to test the viability of using genetic prediction to narrow down the list of candidate donors with rare blood types.ResultsPredicted phenotypes showed a high balanced accuracy >99.5% in most cases: A, B, C/c, Coa/Cob, Doa/Dob, E/e, Jka/Jkb, Kna/Knb, Kpa/Kpb, M/N, S/s, Sda, Se, and Yta/Ytb, while some performed slightly worse: Fya/Fyb, K/k, Lua/Lub, and Vel ~99%–98% and CW and P1 ~96%. Genetic prediction identified 70 potential Vel negatives in our cohort, 64 of whom were confirmed correct using polymerase chain reaction (negative predictive value: 91.5%).DiscussionHigh genetic prediction accuracy in most blood groups demonstrated the viability of generating blood types using preexisting genotype data at no cost and successfully narrowed the pool of potential individuals with the rare Vel‐negative phenotype from 180,000 to 70.
Clinical decision support versus a paper‐based protocol for massive transfusion: Impact on decision outcomes in a simulation study
Authors: Sanderson Brenton J. , Field Jeremy D. , Kocaballi Ahmet B. , Estcourt Lise J. , Magrabi Farah , Wood Erica M. , Coiera Enrico 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundManagement of major hemorrhage frequently requires massive transfusion (MT) support, which should be delivered effectively and efficiently. We have previously developed a clinical decision support system (CDS) for MT using a multicenter multidisciplinary user‐centered design study. Here we examine its impact when administering a MT.Study Design and MethodsWe conducted a randomized simulation trial to compare a CDS for MT with a paper‐based MT protocol for the management of simulated hemorrhage. A total of 44 specialist physicians, trainees (residents), and nurses were recruited across critical care to participate in two 20‐min simulated bleeding scenarios. The primary outcome was the decision velocity (correct decisions per hour) and overall task completion. Secondary outcomes included cognitive workload and System Usability Scale (SUS).ResultsThere was a statistically significant increase in decision velocity for CDS‐based management (mean 8.5 decisions per hour) compared to paper based (mean 6.9 decisions per hour; p .003, 95% CI 0.6–2.6). There was no significant difference in the overall task completion using CDS‐based management (mean 13.3) compared to paper‐based (mean 13.2; p .92, 95% CI ‐1.2–1.3). Cognitive workload was statistically significantly lower using the CDS compared to the paper protocol (mean 57.1 vs. mean 64.5, p .005, 95% CI 2.4–12.5). CDS usability was assessed as a SUS score of 82.5 (IQR 75–87.5).DiscussionCompared to paper‐based management, CDS‐based MT supports more time‐efficient decision‐making by users with limited CDS training and achieves similar overall task completion while reducing cognitive load. Clinical implementation will determine whether the benefits demonstrated translate to improved patient outcomes.
Are Preference and Tolerance Measured With the PRETIE-Q (Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire) Relevant Constructs for Understanding Exercise Intensity in Physical Activity? A Scoping Review
Authors: Santos Filipe , Teixeira Diogo 
Published: November 2023

Individual preference and tolerance can be seen as relevant traits for the understanding of the relationship between exercise intensity and behavioral outcomes. To better understand that relationship, this scoping review aimed to analyze preference for, and tolerance of, exercise intensity constructs in physical activity settings by verifying the contextual utility and feasibility of the subscales in the multiple settings of their application, the interpretation of the subscales, associations with other variables, and the reported limitations of the subscales’ use. The search was conducted through PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and B-on databases. Inclusion criteria were healthy individuals including athletes, experimental and nonexperimental studies written in English based on the assessment of subjective intensity in exercise; studies including the variables tolerance and/or preference. Exclusion criteria were instrument validation studies with no concurrent data, gray literature, and systematic reviews. Thirty-six studies published between 2005 and 2022 were analyzed. Results indicate that both constructs appear to be useful and feasible in various physical activity settings. No relevant limitations were reported for its use. Preference and tolerance constructs assessed with the PRETIE-Q (Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire) seem to offer a simple but useful understanding of the individual relation with exercise intensity in several physical activity–related outcomes.
Australian Football Coaches’ Tales of Mental Toughness: Exploring the Sociocultural Roots
Authors: Tibbert Stephanie J. , Andersen Mark B. , Morris Tony , Mesagno Christopher 
Published: November 2023

The present study explored how three professional Australian football coaches learned and understood mental toughness. Participants shared stories regarding mental toughness through semistructured interviews. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to interpret the data. Creative nonfiction was employed to develop a composite story. All participants’ voices contributed equally to the narrative, which follows Sam (our composite coach) through three periods in his career: as a junior player, an elite footballer, and, finally, a coach in the professional football environment. Mental toughness was fundamentally determined by the sociocultural environment in which one was immersed. Athletes and coaches were expected to internalize dominant understandings of mental toughness and reinforce ideals and were punished if they deviated from mentally tough standards set up in their clubs. Mental toughness was defined by various values, beliefs, and norms that originated from the sociocultural environment, indicating the importance of context in understanding the roots of being mentally tough.
QIAstat-Dx gastrointestinal panel and Luminex xTAG gastrointestinal pathogen panel comparative evaluation
Authors: Giffen Samantha R. , Sadler Jacob M. , Miller Melissa B. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis is an ongoing clinical challenge in terms of identification of the etiologic agent, time to results, and appropriate treatment. Rapid detection of gastrointestinal pathogens is needed to improve patient care. This study evaluates the performance of the QIAstat-Dx gastrointestinal panel (Q-GP; Investigational Use Only) compared to the Luminex xTAG gastrointestinal pathogen panel (L-GPP; US-IVD). Using 245 stool specimens, we evaluated 10 different targets including rotavirus, norovirus,
Salmonella
,
Shigella
,
Campylobacter
,
Giardia
,
Cryptosporidium
,
Escherichia coli
O157, enterotoxigenic
E. coli
(ETEC), and Shiga toxin-producing
E. coli
(STEC). For the viral targets, the percent positive agreement (PPA) for rotavirus was 100% (
n
= 19) and that for norovirus was 91% (20/22). For the parasitic targets, the PPA was 100% for
Giardia
and
Cryptosporidium
(
n
= 18 and
n
= 23, respectively). The PPA was 96% for
Salmonella
(22/23) and
Campylobacter
(22/23), and the PPA for
Shigella
was 100% (
n
= 23). For the
E. coli
targets, a PPA of 94% was achieved for STEC (32/34) and 96% for ETEC (24/25). We did not assess PPA for the
E. coli
O157 target as the Q-GP O157 call is
stx
dependent. The negative percent agreement across all targets was 99.1%. Our study suggests that QIAstat-Dx GP provides comparable results to Luminex GPP based on the analysis of targets found on both panels.
Draft genome sequence of the emerging fish pathogen
Flavobacterium tructae
strain S12
Authors: Chen Shicheng , Loch Thomas P. , Walker Edward D. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The draft genome of
Flavobacterium tructae
strain S12, isolated from hatchery-reared Chinook salmon (
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
) fingerlings, consisted of 5,695,942 bp, a G + C content of 35.6%, 4,775 predicted open reading frames, a putative type IX secretion system, collagenase, and hemolysin.
F. tructae
strains can be used as models for emerging
Flavobacterium
pathogens.
Endophytic bacteria associated with wild-type banana seed (
Musa balbisiana
): whole genome sequencing
Authors: Kumar Girish , Gan Han Ming , Popielarz Hailey , Steele Julia , Parthasarathy Anutthaman , Hudson André O. , Savka Michael A. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

We present the whole-genome sequences of five endophytic bacteria isolated from
Musa balbisiana
seeds. These strains represent five different genera:
Bacillus, Brachybacterium, Enterobacter, Enterococcus,
and
Pantoea
. Among these, three genera (
Bacillus
,
Pantoea
, and
Enterobacter
) were previously recognized for their antagonistic effects against Fusarium wilt, a highly destructive disease that affects banana plants.
Altitude as a key environmental factor shaping microbial communities of tea green leafhoppers (
Matsumurasca onukii
)
Authors: Zhang Yong , Liu Song , Huang Xue-yu , Zi Hua-bin , Gao Tian , Ji Rui-jie , Sheng Juan , Zhi Dian , Zhang Ying-lao , Gong Chun-mei , Yang Yun-qiu 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The tea green leafhopper,
Matsumurasca onukii
Matsuda, is the most destructive insect pest of tea plantations in East Asia. While several microbes in
M. onukii
have been characterized, the microbial community compositions in wild
M. onukii
populations and the environmental factors that shape them are mostly unknown. In this study,
M. onukii
populations were collected from major tea growing regions in China. Following high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments for bacteria and the internal transcribed spacer region for fungi, association analyses were performed within the microbial communities associated with
M. onukii
and their environmental drivers. We found that the bacterial community structures differed in various regions, and the abundance of dominant bacteria such as
Wolbachia
,
Pseudomonas
,
Acinetobacter
,
Pantoea
,
Enterobacter,
and
Methylobacterium
varied widely. Moreover, wild populations of
M. onukii
can be infected with facultative symbionts from six genera (
Wolbachia
,
Rickettsia
,
Asaia
,
Serratia
,
Arsenophonus,
and
Cardinium
) with divergent relative abundances. Correlation analysis indicated that altitude was a key environmental factor that shaped bacterial communities of
M. onukii
. Furthermore, longitude, temperature, and rainfall are also significantly correlated with the bacterial communities. The fungal communities of
M. onukii
populations were dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, of which most genera are considered to be plant endophytes or plant pathogens, such as
Cladosporium
,
Fusarium
,
Alternaria,
and
Gibberella
. We demonstrated that
M. onukii
carry a complex and variable microbial community, which is influenced by altitude as well as climate-related factors. Our results provide novel insights into the bacteria and fungi of
M. onukii
.

IMPORTANCE

Host-associated microbial communities play an important role in the fitness of insect hosts. However, the factors shaping microbial communities in wild populations, including environmental factors and interactions among microbial species, remain largely unknown. The tea green leafhopper has a wide geographical distribution and is highly adaptable, providing a suitable model for studying the effect of ecological drivers on microbiomes. This is the first large-scale culture-independent study investigating the microbial communities of
M. onukii
sampled from different locations. Altitude as a key environmental factor may have shaped microbial communities of
M. onukii
by affecting the relative abundance of endosymbionts, especially
Wolbachia
. The results of this study, therefore, offer not only an in-depth view of the microbial diversity of this species but also an insight into the influence of environmental factors.
Predictors on outcomes of cardiovascular disease of male patients in Malaysia using Bayesian network analysis
Authors: Juhan Nurliyana , Zubairi Yong Zulina , Mahmood Zuhdi Ahmad Syadi , Mohd Khalid Zarina 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesDespite extensive advances in medical and surgical treatment, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Identifying the significant predictors will help clinicians with the prognosis of the disease and patient management. This study aims to identify and interpret the dependence structure between the predictors and health outcomes of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) male patients in Malaysian setting.DesignRetrospective study.SettingMalaysian National Cardiovascular Disease Database-Acute Coronary Syndrome (NCVD-ACS) registry years 2006–2013, which consists of 18 hospitals across the country.Participants7180 male patients diagnosed with STEMI from the NCVD-ACS registry.Primary and secondary outcome measuresA graphical model based on the Bayesian network (BN) approach has been considered. A bootstrap resampling approach was integrated into the structural learning algorithm to estimate probabilistic relations between the studied features that have the strongest influence and support.ResultsThe relationships between 16 features in the domain of CVD were visualised. From the bootstrap resampling approach, out of 250, only 25 arcs are significant (strength value ≥0.85 and the direction value ≥0.50). Age group, Killip class and renal disease were classified as the key predictors in the BN model for male patients as they were the most influential variables directly connected to the outcome, which is the patient status. Widespread probabilistic associations between the key predictors and the remaining variables were observed in the network structure. High likelihood values are observed for patient status variable stated alive (93.8%), Killip class I on presentation (66.8%), patient younger than 65 (81.1%), smoker patient (77.2%) and ethnic Malay (59.2%). The BN model has been shown to have good predictive performance.ConclusionsThe data visualisation analysis can be a powerful tool to understand the relationships between the CVD prognostic variables and can be useful to clinicians.
Scoping review of African health histories: a protocol
Authors: Karamagi Humphrey Cyprian , Oduwole Elizabeth O , Sy Sokona , Adamu Abdu A , Seydi Aminata B W , Wiysonge Charles S 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe history of African health is closely entwined with the history of the continent itself—from precolonial times to the present day. A study of African health histories is critical to understanding the complex interplay between social, economic, environmental and political factors that have shaped health outcomes on the continent. Furthermore, it can shed light on the successes and failures of past health interventions, inform current healthcare policies and practices, and guide future efforts to address the persistent health challenges faced by African populations. This scoping review aims to identify existing literature on African health histories.Methods and analysisThe Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for conducting scoping reviews will be utilised for the proposed review, which will be reported in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The main review question is ‘What literature exists on the history of health practices and healthcare delivery systems in Africa from the precolonial era through to the sustainable development goal era?’ Keywords such as Africa, health and histories will be used to develop a search strategy to interrogate selected databases and grey literature repositories such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and WHOLIS. Two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts of retrieved records. One author will extract data from articles that meet the inclusion criteria using a purposively designed data charting. The data would be coded and analysed thematically, and the findings presented narratively.Ethics and disseminationThe scoping review is part of a larger project which has approval from the WHO AFRO Ethics Research Committee (Protocol ID: AFR/ERC/2022/11.3). The protocol and subsequent review will be submitted to the integrated African Health Observatory and published in a peer-reviewed journal.Registration detailshttps://osf.io/xsaez/