bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explanations for the provision‐utilisation gap in work‐life policy
Authors: McDonald Paula , Brown Kerry , Bradley Lisa 
Published: March 2005

PurposeOrganisational work‐life policies and programs allow employees to have greater control over how, when and where they work but these policies are often under‐utilised, particularly by men and career‐oriented employees. In what is largely an atheoretical area of literature, the paper aims to theoretically integrate the empirical literature related to the uptake of organisational work‐life policies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper links three related areas of literature: the associations between work‐life policies and individual/organisational outcomes; explanations for the low uptake of work‐life policies in many organisations; and preliminary studies which have explored organisational culture and its relationship to work‐life policies. These literatures are integrated to develop a five‐dimensional construct, “organisational work‐life culture”, for testing in future research.FindingsIt is suggested that the following five dimensions underlie this aspect of organisational life: lack of managerial support for work‐life balance; perceptions of negative career consequences; organisational time expectations; the gendered nature of policy utilisation; and perceptions of unfairness by employees with limited non‐work responsibilities.Practical implicationsThe development and validation of the organisational work‐life culture construct requires further research and may result in specific organisational strategies and policies which address the barriers to work‐life policy utilisation.Originality/valueBased on existing empirical evidence, the paper suggests an original theoretical proposition: that organisational work‐life culture is underpinned by five dimensions and explains much of the provision‐utilisation gap in work‐life policy.
Remarks on metadata management
Authors: Westbrooks Elaine L. 
Published: March 2005

PurposeAs digital resources proliferate, libraries plan to grant easy access to a distributed set of resources from one single entry point inside and outside the OPAC. The quest to manage the metadata about these resources becomes more important than ever. Thus, the term, “metadata management” is being used by various communities creating spatial data, enterprise applications, data warehouses, legacy environments, and bibliographic data. Unfortunately, metadata management is sparsely mentioned in the traditional information technology journals, grey literature, information technology company web sites, and the library science literature. The purpose of this viewpoint is to examine the limited use of the term metadata management in the library community and to introduce a new definition of it.Design/methodology/approachThis viewpoint examines the limited use of the term metadata management in the library community and introduces a new definition of it.FindingsAlthough the proposed definition captures the activities that libraries should be engaged as they provide access to millions of resources, this definition should constantly be examined as new technologies emerge, personnel change, and financial resources diminish.Originality/valueThe author's definition is a good start; however, to get to the complete definition of metadata management, a more comprehensive look at the workflow and procedures that exist in libraries for managing metadata is necessary.
A corporate executive's short guide to leading nonprofits
Authors: Taliento Lynn , Silverman Les 
Published: March 2005

PurposeBy introducing business people to the frustrations of leadership roles in nonprofits and showing how executives with corporate experience have dealt with these challenges, the authors provide a guide for volunteers who serve as board members, executives, donors, consultants or partners in the nonprofit sector.Design/methodology/approachMcKinsey & Company consultants interviewed executives who have served as both corporate and nonprofit leaders.FindingsCorporate executives working with nonprofits need to take the time to get to know the organization and all its stakeholders before proposing any new practices or initiatives. They should avoid unilateral decisions – instead involving board, staff and key stakeholders as appropriate.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample interviewed was small, about a dozen top executives. However, as more corporate executive take leadership positions in nonprofits, there will be an opportunity to survey a much larger sample.Practical implicationsBusiness leaders serving as nonprofit board members will better understand their nonprofit roles. Donors will learn to use their financial clout to improve nonprofit performance. Cross‐sector partnerships – which are central to addressing society's most intractable problems – can anticipate and solve roadblocks caused by the nonprofit sector's different culture and demands. Top business executives will gain a better understanding of what makes the nonprofit world tick.Originality/valueThis article assesses the factors for nonprofit sector leadership success based on the first‐hand experience of top executives who have run major corporations.
Strategies in the broadband cable TV industry: the challenges for management and technology innovation
Authors: McGrail Mike , Roberts Bob 
Published: March 2005

PurposeTo examine the status and strategies of the broadband cable TV industry on a world‐wide basis.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered through a review of the literature and a series of one‐on‐one interviews with key industry executives, and with consultant analysts dedicated to the industry. The SWOT technique proved useful in analyzing the organizational environment; value chain analysis was used to understand the value‐generating components of the core activities; a Boston Consulting Group product portfolio matrix identified the nature of the products offered by the industry.FindingsFour forces were identified which had impacted significantly on the industry. These were the rise of the internet, the experience of competition for telephony services, the arrival of satellite TV, and a persistent image of poor customer service. The paper observes that recent trading results have revealed very little evidence that modified strategies are making a significant improvement in the industry's overall competitive position.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations relate to scope of companies chosen for the research and by the dependence on the mainly qualitative nature of the data. Further research is required to review innovation in the light of continuing technology developments and mergers within the industry.Practical implicationsMore radical innovation is required so that the industry can successfully address its current difficulties whilst simultaneously preparing itself for future competition.Originality/valueThe interview data when submitted to a strategy framework formulation exercise enabled the environmental situation of the industry to be understood and the identification of the critical success factors to achieve strategic objectives.
Privacy within in‐car systems
Authors: Rodríguez Casal Carlos 
Published: March 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to call for integrated regulation for in‐car systems to ensure privacy and prevent citizens from having to choose between accepting the loss of privacy or losing out on services.Design/methodology/approachThis paper highlights the ways in which in‐car communications systems can contribute to the web of surveillance that is beginning to pervade society. More and more frequently, intelligent transportation systems compute location data, in‐car services for drivers and passengers are becoming more popular and in‐car systems are incorporating other control features that may threaten privacy. In particular this study describes the existing regulations regarding location, and the advisability of allowing access to electronic health records in emergencies.FindingsThe study presents different threats to privacy within telematics and raises concerns about the financial value of the aggregated information. It recommends that not only the user's location information but also the user's health records be transferred to emergency services.Originality/valueThese new views on telematics data processing should be considered by stakeholders and policy makers to ensure security and services to the citizens.
Business process design: flexible modelling with multiple levels of detail
Authors: Baldwin Lynne P. , Eldabi Tillal , Paul Ray J. 
Published: March 2005

PurposeMost manufacturing processes tend to involve more than one level of detail at the design phase. These often consist of a higher level that represents the building‐blocks of the firm and a lower level that represents a more detailed structure of the process. When designing such processes, this type of structure is difficult to capture without some form of modelling. In such cases simulation can be used to help overcome this problem. This paper presents an investigation of simulation packages.Design/methodology/approachThese simulation packages were investigated regarding their abilities to model business processes related to manufacturing systems.FindingsThe research findings suggest that no one simulation package currently available can alone offer sufficiently flexible facilities for the variable detailed modelling of manufacturing systems design.Originality/valueThe paper relates to one specific design framework called manufacturing system design (MSD). It defines the higher level of detail as the conceptual modelling level and the lower level as the detailed design level. A four‐step framework is proposed, and it is argued that this may better deal with problems of detail variability.
Determining the ERP package‐selecting criteria
Authors: Baki Birdoğan , Çakar Kemal 
Published: March 2005

PurposeTo determine what criteria are used in enterprise resource planning (ERP) selection process and what criteria are the most important for firms.Design/methodology/approachThrough an extensive literature review, 15 selection criteria for the ERP selection process were identified and two were added after initial interviews. A questionnaire including these criteria was formed to secure data from companies. A single informant method was used for each company. To measure the importance of various critical factors a five‐point Likert scale was used in the questionnaire.FindingsFit with parent/allied organisation systems is identified as the most important selection criterion. Cross‐module integration, compatibility between other systems, and references of the vendor are identified important factors respectively. Statistically significant differences were also determined between companies using MRP/MRPII versus those using own or no program for “better fit with organisational structure” and “fit with parent/allied organisational systems” criteria.Research limitations/implicationsThe effect of each selection criterion on ERP implementations failure rates is still to be investigated.Practical implicationsUseful information about selection criteria on ERP systems for both vendors and firms planning to use these systems.Originality/valueTwo new selection criteria were proposed for the ERP system selection process and some important differences between the criteria used by firms from developed countries and developing countries are determined.
Perception on information and communication technology perspectives in logistics
Authors: Pokharel Shaligram 
Published: March 2005

PurposeLogistics companies have benefited from the use of information and communications technology (ICT) in their business processes. Although ICT is being promoted in the Singapore logistics industry, details on status and perception towards ICT are not well‐known. Therefore, in order to understand ICT penetration, a study is necessary.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the current status of ICT use in warehouse and transportation service providers obtained through a sample survey is reported. A framework is adopted to assess the perception of logistics companies towards ICT.FindingsThe results show that most of the logistics companies use ICT but their level and type depend mainly on the size of the company and the availability of technology. Logistics companies in Singapore provide services to more than one industry type and, in most cases, one logistics company provides multiple logistics functions. These companies consider efficiency, cost savings, reduced data entry error and increased customer service level as opportunities from ICT. The analysis of perception indicates that the use of ICT in Singapore is perceived positively with the increase in size of a company but is indifferent regarding the type of industry covered and the type of service offered by the logistics companies.Originality/valueThis is a comprehensive study to understand the status of ICT in logistics in Singapore. An understanding of motivators and barriers on ICT can help the decision makers in devising better policies and programs, if required, to increase ICT penetration. The result also gives an indication as to the level of business fulfillment that can be provided by the logistics industry in Singapore.
Predictors of outcome among high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome
Authors: Szatmari P. , Bryson S.E. , Boyle M.H. , Streiner D.L. , Duku E. 
Published: March 2005

Background:  The objective of this paper is to assess the extent to which measures of cognitive abilities taken in an inception cohort of young high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome predict outcome roughly two and six years later.Method:  Children who received a diagnosis of autism or Asperger syndrome (AS) and who had a nonverbal IQ score in the ‘non‐retarded’ range were included in the inception cohort. Measures of language and nonverbal skills were taken when the children were 4–6 years of age and outcome assessments were completed when the children were 6–8 and 10–13 years of age. The three outcome measures consisted of scales of adaptive behaviours in socialisation and communication and a composite measure of autistic symptoms (abnormal language, abnormal body and object use, difficulties relating to others, sensory issues and social and self‐help difficulties).Results:  The explanatory power of the predictor variables was greater for communication and social skills than for autistic symptoms. The power of prediction was stable over time but did differ by PDD subtype. In general, the association between language skills and outcome was stronger in the autism group than in the AS group.Conclusions:  These results support the emphasis of early intervention programmes on language but more work needs to be done on understanding variables that influence outcome in social skills and autistic behaviours, particularly in those with AS.
Improved automated extraction and separation procedure for soil lipid analyses
Authors: Wiesenberg G. L. B. , Schwark L. , Schmidt M. W. I. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryAnalysis of soil lipids may contribute to an improved understanding of atmosphere to soil carbon fluxes, soil organic matter source differentiation and pollutant accumulation. Soil lipids, mostly originating from plants and microorganisms, have traditionally been analysed by non‐automated extraction and separation methods, which produce several lipid fractions, operationally defined by polarity. Here we present a combination of fast, automated and reproducible techniques, adopted from organic geochemical studies, for preparative separation of individual soil lipid fractions with increasing polarity. These techniques involve commercially available instruments, including accelerated solvent extraction and a two‐step automated medium‐pressure liquid chromatography procedure. The method yields eight lipid fractions consisting of five fractions fully amenable to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, carboxylic acids), and three fractions of highly polar or high molecular weight compounds (bases, very long‐chain wax esters (C40+), high polarity compounds) that were not measurable with GC/MS under standard conditions. We tested the method on five agricultural soils. Results show that (i) mass recoveries for the individual fractions are reproducible, (ii) within individual fractions compound distribution patterns are reproducible, as demonstrated for alkanes and carboxylic acids, and (iii) individual fractions represent distinct and clean compound classes, free of interfering substances detectable by GC/MS. Thus, automated separation can be a fast, effective and reproducible procedure for fractionation of complex mixtures of soil lipids into clean compound classes, directly suitable for a variety of molecular (e.g. GC/MS) and isotopic characterizations (e.g. gas chromatography coupled with isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometry or accelerator mass spectrometry).
Review article: orofacial granulomatosis
Authors: Leão J. C. , Hodgson T. , Scully C. , Porter S. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryOrofacial granulomatosis is an uncommon clinicopathological entity describing patients who have oral lesions characterized by persistent and/or recurrent labial enlargement, oral ulcers and a variety of other orofacial features, who on lesional biopsy have lymphoedema and non‐caseating granulomas. The aetiology of oral lesions with non‐caseating granulomas includes oral Crohn's disease (some patients with oral lesions will develop typical bowel symptoms of Crohn's disease in ensuing months to years), tooth‐associated infections, sarcoidosis and food or contact allergies. Treatment of orofacial granulomatosis is not reliably effective and may not be always necessary, although most patients do require some medical intervention.
Outcomes in elderly patients following surgery for colorectal cancer in the veterans affairs health care system
Authors: Rabeneck L. , Davila J. A. , Thompson M. , El‐Serag H. B. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryAim : To compare 30‐day and 5‐year mortality in elderly vs. younger patients following surgical resection for colorectal cancer.Methods : A cohort study of patients admitted to VA hospitals with a new diagnosis of colorectal cancer who underwent surgical resection between October 1990 and September 2000. Cumulative survival rates (30‐day and 5‐year) were calculated from Kaplan–Meier estimates and adjusted risks of death were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.Results : We identified 34 888 individuals with a new diagnosis of colorectal cancer between October 1990 and September 2000, of whom 22 633 (65%) underwent surgical resection. The 30‐day mortality following resection for rectal and colon cancer, respectively, for patients <65 years was 2.1 and 2.8% compared with 4.9 and 5.6% for those ≥65 years. The 5‐year cumulative survival for rectal and colon cancer for patients <65 years was 54.0 and 57.6% compared with 44.5 and 46.6% for those ≥65 years. In patients ≥65 years with rectal or colon cancer, after adjustment, 30‐day mortality was 2 times greater and 5‐year mortality was 1 times greater than in younger patients.Conclusions : Older age is an independent predictor of increased short‐term and long‐term mortality following surgery in patients with rectal and colon cancer.
Meta‐analysis: the effect of age on immunological response to hepatitis B vaccine in end‐stage renal disease
Authors: Fabrizi F. , Martin P. , Dixit V. , Bunnapradist S. , Dulai G. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryBackground : Patients on maintenance dialysis typically show a suboptimal immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine compared with the non‐uraemic population. A variety of inherited or acquired factors have been implicated in this diminished response. Age‐associated changes in immune status may contribute to decreased vaccine efficacy in older individuals although contradictory results have been reported in individuals with normal kidney function.Aims : To evaluate the relationship between age and immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in patients with end‐stage renal disease by performing a systematic review of the literature with a meta‐analysis of clinical trials.Method : We used the random effects model of DerSimonian and Laird; sources of heterogeneity in effect estimates were explored by performing sensitivity analyses.Results : We identified 17 clinical trials (1800 unique patients); six (35%) were controlled studies. Pooling of study results demonstrated a significantly decreased risk of response to hepatitis B vaccine among older dialysis patients (overall risk ratio: 0.74; 95% confidence intervals: 0.70–0.79). The P‐value was 0.0139 for our test of study heterogeneity. A lowered risk of response to hepatitis B vaccine persisted after exclusion of trials based on plasma‐derived vaccines; it was present even when ‘older’ individuals were defined as being as 50 years (RR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75–0.96) or more (cut‐off 60 years RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.66–0.85). An effect of age on seroprotection rate was present in all clinical reports, irrespective of the geographic origin of the study group: Europe (RR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.70–0.83) North America (RR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.60–0.74) or other countries (RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71–0.97). Additional doses of vaccine did not appear to have an impact on RR of response by age.Conclusions : Our meta‐analysis showed a clear association between older age and impaired response to hepatitis B virus vaccine in end‐stage renal disease patients. Such a relationship is biologically plausible. Vaccination schedules with adapted vaccine doses and frequent serum testing for loss of immunity against hepatitis B virus are recommended in elderly patients on maintenance dialysis.
Review article: is there a link between micronutrient malnutrition and Helicobacter pylori infection?
Authors: Salgueiro J. , Zubillaga M. , Goldman C. , Barrado A. , Martinez Sarrasague M. , Leonardi N. , Boccio J. 
Published: March 2005

Summary Helicobacter pylori causes a chronic gastric infection, which is usually life‐long. Many epidemiological studies have shown that this is probably one of the most common bacterial infections throughout the world involving 30% of the population living in developed countries and up to 80–90% of the population in developing regions. Concomitantly, developing regions also have high prevalence of micronutrient malnutrition. In the last few years, some studies have suggested that H. pylori infection may affect the homeostasis of different micronutrients including iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, α‐tocopherol, vitamin C and β‐carotene. In this article, we discuss the current scientific information of the effect that H. pylori infection may produce on micronutrient malnutrition.