bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential removal of cation/H+ exchangers reveals their additive role in elemental distribution, calcium depletion and anoxia tolerance
Authors: Mathew Iny Elizebeth , Rhein Hormat Shadgou , Yang Jian , Gradogna Antonella , Carpaneto Armando , Guo Qi , Tappero Ryan , Scholz‐Starke Joachim , Barkla Bronwyn J. , Hirschi Kendal D. , Punshon Tracy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultiple Arabidopsis H+/Cation exchangers (CAXs) participate in high‐capacity transport into the vacuole. Previous studies have analysed single and double mutants that marginally reduced transport; however, assessing phenotypes caused by transport loss has proven enigmatic. Here, we generated quadruple mutants (cax1‐4: qKO) that exhibited growth inhibition, an 85% reduction in tonoplast‐localised H+/Ca transport, and enhanced tolerance to anoxic conditions compared to CAX1 mutants. Leveraging inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence (SXRF), we demonstrate CAX transporters work together to regulate leaf elemental content: ICP‐MS analysis showed that the elemental concentrations in leaves strongly correlated with the number of CAX mutations; SXRF imaging showed changes in element partitioning not present in single CAX mutants and qKO had a 40% reduction in calcium (Ca) abundance. Reduced endogenous Ca may promote anoxia tolerance; wild‐type plants grown in Ca‐limited conditions were anoxia tolerant. Sequential reduction of CAXs increased mRNA expression and protein abundance changes associated with reactive oxygen species and stress signalling pathways. Multiple CAXs participate in postanoxia recovery as their concerted removal heightened changes in postanoxia Ca signalling. This work showcases the integrated and diverse function of H+/Cation transporters and demonstrates the ability to improve anoxia tolerance through diminishing endogenous Ca levels.
Minority faith and environmental justice
Authors: Al‐Kohlani Sumaia A. , Campbell Heather E. , El‐Khatib Stephen Omar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDecades of research indicate that most Census‐measured U.S. racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately impacted by environmental disamenities, all else equal; the study of this is referred to as Environmental Justice (EJ) research. Yet both U.S. and world history show that another minoritized group is religious minorities. If so, this has health consequences and policy implications. Houses of worship (HOWs) are visible and physical symbols of religion. We use tax records to locate Jewish, Muslim, and Buddhist or Hindu HOWs within census tracts for the entire contiguous United States. We combine these data with EJSCREEN data to analyze whether air pollution risks are greater in their presence. We find that, even holding constant race, ethnicity, and poverty, two non‐census‐measured religious minorities' HOWs are disproportionately impacted by air pollution in the United States: Jews and Muslims. This new knowledge has consequences for EJ policy and social justice‐motivated environmental research.Related ArticlesAsh, John. 2010. “New Nuclear Energy, Risk, and Justice: Regulatory Strategies for an Era of Limited Trust.” Politics & Policy 38(2): 255–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2010.00237.x.Fowler, Luke. 2022. “Searching for Green Elephants and Other Mythical Creatures during the Trump Years: Partisanship and Congressional Voting on Environmental Legislation.” Politics & Policy 50(5): 913–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12499.Tubadji, Annie. 2023. “You'll Never Walk Alone: Loneliness, Religion, and Politico‐economic Transformation.” Politics & Policy 51(4): 661–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12538.
Experimental and numerical analysis of strength and deformation of large‐scale steel‐composite adhesive joints subjected to fatigue followed by static loading
Authors: Jaiswal Pankaj R. , Kumar Rahul Iyer , Bormann Franz , Juwet Thibault , Luyckx Geert , Mouton Luc , Verhaeghe Cedric , De Waele Wim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work reports a study of the fatigue behaviour and quasi‐static strength of full‐scale adhesively bonded steel‐composite joints. Three joints with an approximately 10‐mm‐thick layer of methyl methacrylate adhesive were manufactured in dockyard conditions. One specimen was tensile tested till failure, while two specimens were subjected to ~3.5 million fatigue cycles, followed by a residual tensile test supported with digital image correlation. The shear, longitudinal and peel strain values within the adhesive bondlines are significantly higher at the gripped sides due to the asymmetrical design of the steel brackets. All specimens showed a significantly higher shear strength than the design values defined by the shipbuilder. Fibre Bragg sensors monitored strains at steel and composite constituents and allowed to detect damage onset and evolution in tensile tested specimens. A finite element model of the joint was developed with material and interface properties based on dedicated small‐scale experiments. The simulation results of strains during a static load test corresponded closely to the DIC measurements. All specimens failed near the composite‐adhesive interface due to delamination of the composite panel.
Way‐finding agendas through Transactions
Authors: Esson James , Breines Markus , Brickell Katherine , Hope Jessica , Koh Sin Yee , Lawrence Anna M. , McFarlane Colin , McLean Jessica , Sparke Matt 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis is the first in a series of occasional editorials in which we guide our readers through groups of papers that we consider to be ‘way‐finding’ contributions to geographical debates. Our emphasis on ‘way‐finding’ and navigating through scholarly work engages a tension we identified around Transactions' remit of publishing so‐called ‘landmark’ papers which are likely to stimulate and shape research agendas in Geography. We use this editorial as an opportunity to refocus attention away from the landmark paper as a static object of high repute that people come to visit, and towards the active role of landmarks as way‐finders used to navigate and engage with a landscape. The papers spotlighted in the editorial provide noteworthy examples of recent efforts to understand non‐human lifeworlds and the legitimisation of concepts and experiences constructed in/by Majority World scholarship. The papers are also notable for their careful approach to shaping agendas, marked by an awareness of past and present geographical scholarship, while also envisioning the discipline's future.
Spindle‐cell thymoma colliding with a bronchogenic cyst in a Yorkshire terrier
Authors: Kline Stephanie , Manley Sabrina R. , Timothy Clare , Jennings Samuel H. , Nolen‐Walston Rose , Conrado Francisco O. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old male Yorkshire terrier was presented to the Tufts Veterinary Hospital for evaluation of increased respiratory effort. A mediastinal mass composed of a spindle‐cell thymoma within a bronchogenic cyst was diagnosed with computed tomography thoracic imaging, ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspirate biopsy, and histopathologic evaluation after surgical removal. Histologic evaluation showed a multilocular cyst structure as well as a mass characterized by spindle to polygonal thymic epithelial cells. The cyst was characterized by a lining of ciliated pseudostratified respiratory epithelium. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a spindle‐cell thymoma being associated with a mediastinal bronchogenic cyst in a dog.
Extracardiac adult‐type rhabdomyoma—Report of two cases in dogs
Authors: Paździor‐Czapula Katarzyna , Bhaya Muhammad Nasir , Piotrowska Agnieszka , Otrocka‐Domagała Iwona 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis report describes the cytologic, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features of adult‐type rhabdomyoma located within the subcutaneous tissue in a 14‐year‐old female Border Collie (thigh) and a 13‐year‐old male Mongrel (flank). In both cases, fine‐needle aspiration biopsy revealed cluster‐forming, epithelial‐like polygonal cells with abundant foamy cytoplasm, and moderate to marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis; therefore, an epithelial tumor was suspected. After surgical excision, tumors underwent histopathologic examination with additional immunohistochemistry. Both tumors were well‐demarcated and located within the subcutaneous tissue in the vicinity of the cutaneous muscle. The tumor mass consisted of densely packed round or polygonal cells with distinct vacuolation of the cytoplasm. Tumor cells expressed vimentin, desmin, and NSE and were cytokeratin and α‐SMA negative. Based on histologic features and immunophenotyping, adult‐type rhabdomyoma was diagnosed in both cases. This study highlights that the cytologic features of rhabdomyoma can be misleading and may suggest an epithelial tumor.
Effect of surgical simulator training on student and live animal outcomes in a feline ovariohysterectomy teaching laboratory
Authors: Aly Ali M. , Hayes Galina M. , Boesch Jordyn Marie , Buote Nicole , Korich Jodi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of training with a high‐fidelity surgical simulator on outcomes of live animals and students participating in a feline ovariohysterectomy teaching laboratory.Study designNonrandomized controlled trial.Sample populationCats (n = 186) and students (n = 146).MethodsLive animals were paired with student surgeons. Outcomes for animals and students were evaluated over two consecutive years before (year 1: NO SIM) and after (year 2: SIM) the introduction of a graded student teaching laboratory conducted on a high fidelity surgical simulator. Live animal surgical times and postoperative pain scores using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale – Feline acute pain scale as well as self‐declared student confidence were assessed and the scores of the two groups were compared.ResultsThe duration of the live animal surgical procedure was on average 6 min shorter in the SIM group (p = .04). A pain score triggering intervention (> = 5/20) occurred less frequently in the SIM group (n = 1/82) than in the NO‐SIM (n = 16/104) group (p < .01). Similarly, rescue analgesia was administered less frequently (4/82 vs 16/104, p = .03) in the SIM group. Student confidence prior to the live animal procedure was higher (median = 7/10 [IQR = 6–8]) in the SIM group than in the NO‐SIM group (median = 6/10 [IQR = 4–7]) (p < .01).ConclusionSurgical simulator training prior to live animal procedures improves live animal outcomes and student confidence.Clinical significanceSurgical simulator competency should be considered a prerequisite to participation in live animal teaching laboratories. This would improve both animal welfare and the student experience.
The effect of self‐management intervention among type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Polsook Rapin , Aungsuroch Yupin , Thontham Apichaya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundUsing self‐management interventions in type 2 diabetes care helps to regulate blood sugar levels, reduce caregiver burden, improve health outcomes, and improve expense management. Despite these benefits, the efficacy of self‐management interventions for type 2 diabetes care remains uncertain, with studies showing inconclusive results that are open to interpretation.AimsThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to examine the available data to determine the effectiveness of self‐management strategies for individuals with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThe search method was restricted to the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Scopus from January 2012 to December 2022. SPSS version 28 was used for the meta‐analysis.ResultsSeven studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria, with 697 individuals with type 2 diabetes included. Six papers were designed as randomized control trials and one as a quasi‐experimental study. Meta‐analysis showed a significant difference between the self‐management and control groups, with a standardized mean difference (Cohen's d) of −0.40, (95% confidence interval [−0.60 to −0.20]), p = .00.Linking Evidence to ActionThis meta‐analysis showed that self‐management interventions in type 2 diabetes patients successfully reduced HbA1c. Self‐management improves type 2 diabetes treatment by helping people stay healthy and adapt to their illnesses.
Ageing attenuates exercise‐enhanced motor cortical plasticity
Authors: Curtin Dylan , Cadwallader Claire J. , Taylor Eleanor M. , Andrews Sophie C. , Stout Julie C. , Hendrikse Joshua J. , Chong Trevor T.‐J. , Coxon James P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCardiorespiratory exercise is known to modulate motor cortical plasticity in young adults, but the influence of ageing on this relationship is unknown. Here, we compared the effects of a single session of cardiorespiratory exercise on motor cortical plasticity in young and older adults. We acquired measures of cortical excitatory and inhibitory activity of the primary motor cortex using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) from 20 young (mean ± SD = 25.30 ± 4.00 years, 14 females) and 20 older (mean ± SD = 64.10 ± 6.50 years, 11 females) healthy adults. Single‐ and paired‐pulse TMS measurements were collected before and after a 20 min bout of high‐intensity interval cycling exercise or an equivalent period of rest, and again after intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS). In both young (P = 0.027, Cohen's d = 0.87) and older adults (P = 0.006, Cohen's d = 0.85), there was an increase in glutamatergic excitation and a reduction in GABAergic inhibition from pre‐ to postexercise. However, in contrast to younger adults, older adults showed an attenuated plasticity response to iTBS following exercise (P = 0.011, Cohen's d = 0.85). These results demonstrate an age‐dependent decline in cortical plasticity and indicate that a preceding bout of high‐intensity interval exercise might be less effective for enhancing primary motor cortex plasticity in older adults. Our findings align with the hypothesis that the capacity for cortical plasticity is altered in older age.
imageKey points
Exercise enhances motor cortical plasticity in young adults, but how ageing influences this effect is unknown.
Here, we compared primary motor cortical plasticity responses in young and older adults before and after a bout of high‐intensity interval exercise and again after a plasticity‐inducing protocol, intermittent theta burst stimulation.
In both young and older adults, exercise led to an increase in glutamatergic excitation and a reduction in GABAergic inhibition.
Our key result was that older adults showed an attenuated plasticity response to theta burst stimulation following exercise, relative to younger adults.
Our findings demonstrate an age‐dependent decline in exercise‐enhanced cortical plasticity and indicate that a preceding bout of high‐intensity interval exercise might be less effective for enhancing primary motor cortex plasticity in older adults.
Design and Analysis of a Novel Redundant Parallel Mechanism for Long Bone Fracture Reduction
Authors: Su Tingting , Yuan Quan , Liang Xu , Yan Yuchen , Zhang Haojian , Jian Xianjie , He Guangping , Zhao Quanliang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In recent years, parallel robots have become a hot research topic in trauma fracture treatment because of their high precision, high load capacity, and compact structure. However, parallel robots have disadvantages like small workspaces and complex singularity. In this article, a novel redundant parallel mechanism (RPM) for long bone fracture reduction is proposed based on Stewart parallel mechanism (SPM). Six kinematically redundant DOFs (degrees-of-freedom) are added to the RPM. First, the kinematics of the RPM is established, and its workspace is calculated. The analysis results indicate that the position workspace of the RPM is about 19 times larger than that of the SPM. The RPM has a similar range of torsion angles as the SPM, but a more extensive range of tilt angles than the SPM. Second, the singularities of the two parallel mechanisms are compared based on the dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian matrix. The results show that the dexterity of the RPM is much better than the SPM. Third, a multiparameter multi-objective optimization method is proposed to optimize the geometry parameters of the RPM. The statics of the RPM is analyzed by finite element analysis. To further expand the performance of the RPM, the unfixed RPM (URPM) is proposed. The analysis results show that the URPM is superior to the RPM in terms of workspace and dexterity. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods in this article.
Shifts in the coral microbiome in response to
in situ
experimental deoxygenation
Authors: Howard Rachel D. , Schul Monica D. , Rodriguez Bravo Lucia M. , Altieri Andrew H. , Meyer Julie L. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Global climate change impacts marine ecosystems through rising surface temperatures, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation. While the response of the coral holobiont to the first two effects has been relatively well studied, less is known about the response of the coral microbiome to deoxygenation. In this study, we investigated the response of the microbiome to hypoxia in two coral species that differ in their tolerance to hypoxia. We conducted
in situ
oxygen manipulations on a coral reef in Bahía Almirante on the Caribbean coast of Panama, which has previously experienced documented episodes of hypoxia. Naïve coral colonies (previously unexposed to hypoxia) of
Siderastrea siderea
and
Agaricia lamarcki
were transplanted to a reef and either enclosed in chambers that created hypoxic conditions or left at ambient oxygen levels. We collected samples of surface mucus and tissue after 48 hours of exposure and characterized the microbiome by sequencing 16S rRNA genes. We found that the microbiomes of the two coral species were distinct from one another and remained so after exhibiting similar shifts in microbiome composition in response to hypoxia. There was an increase in both abundance and number of taxa of anaerobic microbes after exposure to hypoxia. Some of these taxa may play beneficial roles in the coral holobiont by detoxifying the surrounding environment during hypoxic stress or may represent opportunists exploiting host stress. This work describes the first characterization of the coral microbiome under hypoxia and is an initial step toward identifying potential beneficial bacteria for corals facing this environmental stressor.

IMPORTANCE

Marine hypoxia is a threat for corals but has remained understudied in tropical regions where coral reefs are abundant. Though microbial symbioses can alleviate the effects of ecological stress, we do not yet understand the taxonomic or functional response of the coral microbiome to hypoxia. In this study, we experimentally lowered oxygen levels around
Siderastrea siderea
and
Agaricia lamarcki
colonies
in situ
to observe changes in the coral microbiome in response to deoxygenation. Our results show that hypoxia triggers a stochastic change of the microbiome overall, with some bacterial families changing deterministically after just 48 hours of exposure. These families represent an increase in anaerobic and opportunistic taxa in the microbiomes of both coral species. Thus, marine deoxygenation destabilizes the coral microbiome and increases bacterial opportunism. This work provides novel and fundamental knowledge of the microbial response in coral during hypoxia and may provide insight into holobiont function during stress.
Genome sequence of white sturgeon herpesvirus 1 isolated from farmed white sturgeon (
Acipenser transmontanus
)
Authors: Waltzek Thomas B. , Subramaniam Kuttichantran , Doszpoly Andor , Hughes Joseph , Vučak Matej , Davison Andrew J. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The genome sequence of white sturgeon herpesvirus 1, which was isolated from farmed white sturgeon (
Acipenser transmontanus
), was determined. Comparative analyses suggest the classification of this virus as a new species in a new genus in the family
Alloherpesviridae
.
Dismantling and personalising task-sharing psychosocial interventions for common mental disorders: a study protocol for an individual participant data component network meta-analysis
Authors: Papola Davide , Karyotaki Eirini , Purgato Marianna , Sijbrandij Marit , Tedeschi Federico , Cuijpers Pim , Orestis Efthimiou , Furukawa Toshi A , Patel Vikram , Barbui Corrado 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionCommon mental disorders, including depression, anxiety and related somatic health symptoms, are leading causes of disability worldwide. Especially in low-resource settings, psychosocial interventions delivered by non-specialist providers through task-sharing modalities proved to be valid options to expand access to mental healthcare. However, such interventions are usually eclectic multicomponent interventions consisting of different combinations of evidence-based therapeutic strategies. Which of these various components (or combinations thereof) are more efficacious (and for whom) to reduce common mental disorder symptomatology is yet to be substantiated by evidence.Methods and analysisComprehensive search was performed in electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials—CENTRAL from database inception to 15 March 2023 to systematically identify all randomised controlled trials that compared any single component or multicomponent psychosocial intervention delivered through the task-sharing modality against any active or inactive control condition in the treatment of adults suffering from common mental disorders. From these trials, individual participant data (IPD) of all measured outcomes and covariates will be collected. We will dismantle psychosocial interventions creating a taxonomy of components and then apply the IPD component network meta-analysis (IPD-cNMA) methodology to assess the efficacy of individual components (or combinations thereof) according to participant-level prognostic factors and effect modifiers.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not applicable for this study since no original data will be collected. Results from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.