bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of a mosaic approach for assessing cortical atrophy in individual multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Tahedl Marlene , Wiltgen Tun , Voon Cui Ci , Berthele Achim , Kirschke Jan S. , Hemmer Bernhard , Mühlau Mark , Zimmer Claus , Wiestler Benedikt 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveCortical gray matter (GM) atrophy plays a central role in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology. However, it is not commonly assessed in clinical routine partly because a number of methodological problems hamper the development of a robust biomarker to quantify GM atrophy. In previous work, we have demonstrated the clinical utility of the “mosaic approach” (MAP) to assess individual GM atrophy in the motor neuron disease spectrum and frontotemporal dementia. In this study, we investigated the clinical utility of MAP in MS, comparing this novel biomarker to existing methods for computing GM atrophy in single patients. We contrasted the strategies based on correlations with established biomarkers reflecting MS disease burden.MethodsWe analyzed T1‐weighted MPRAGE magnetic resonance imaging data from 465 relapsing‐remitting MS patients and 89 healthy controls. We inspected how variations of existing strategies to estimate individual GM atrophy (“standard approaches”) as well as variations of MAP (i.e., different parcellation schemes) impact downstream analysis results, both on a group and an individual level. We interpreted individual cortical disease burden as single metric reflecting the fraction of significantly atrophic data points with respect to the control group. In addition, we evaluated the correlations to lesion volume (LV) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).ResultsWe found that the MAP method yielded highest correlations with both LV and EDSS as compared to all other strategies. Although the parcellation resolution played a minor role in terms of absolute correlations with clinical variables, higher resolutions provided more clearly defined statistical brain maps which may facilitate clinical interpretability.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that MAP yields high potential for a clinically relevant biomarker in MS, outperforming existing methods to compute cortical disease burden in single patients. Of note, MAP outputs brain maps illustrating individual cortical disease burden which can be directly interpreted in daily clinical routine.
Circular RNA MAP2K2‐modified immunosuppressive dendritic cells for preventing alloimmune rejection in organ transplantation
Authors: Li Shuailong , Abu Omar Amal , Greasley Adam , Wang Bowen , Wang Tan Ze , Chahal Serina , Thapa Raj Kumar , Quan Douglas , Skaro Anton , Liu Kexiang , Zheng Xiufen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLong‐term patient and graft survival has been achieved in organ transplantation but at the expense of toxic side effects that are associated with long‐term use of nonspecific immunosuppressive drugs. Discovering new regulators of dendritic cells is the key for development of an ideal treatment to prevent immune rejection. We hypothesized that knockdown of circMAP2K2 induces immunosuppressive DCs and that treatment with circMAP2K2 silenced‐DCs can prevent alloimmune rejection. DCs were cultured and transfected with siRNA for circMAP2K2. circMAP2K2 levels were measured by qRT‐PCR. DC's maturation and immune function were assessed by flow cytometry and mixed lymphocyte reactions. The function of circMAP2K2 was illustrated by a series of RIP and IP. The therapeutics of engineered DCs was tested in a mouse heart transplantation model. We found that circMAP2K2 was highly expressed in mature DCs. Knockdown of circMAP2K2 reduced expression of MHCII, CD40 and CD80, attenuated the ability of DCs to activate allogeneic naïve T cells, and enhanced CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg). circMAP2K2‐induced immunosuppressive DCs by interacting with SENP3. Treatment with circMAP2K2‐knockdown DCs attenuated alloimmune rejection and prolonged allograft survival in a murine heart transplantation model. The immune suppression induced in vivo was donor‐antigen specific. In conclusion, knockdown of circMAP2K2 can induce immunosuppressive DCs which are able to inhibit overactive immune response, highlighting a new promising therapeutic approach for immune disorder diseases.
Outcomes and risk factors of SARS‐CoV‐2 omicron variant in B‐cell lymphoma patients following CD19 targeted CAR‐T therapy
Authors: Xiao Xibin , Chen Panpan , Zhong Yadi , Luo Xiu , Liu Yao , Lu Ying , Jin Xueli , Qian Wenbin , Han Weidong , Liang Aibin , Liu Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundLittle was known on infection and mortality rates, still less the risk factors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) omicron variant in B‐cell lymphoma patients following CD19 targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR‐T).AimsWe performed a retrospective multicenter study and analyzed the details of relapsed/refractory (R/R) B‐cell lymphoma patients who received CD19 targeted CAR‐T heretofore in five cellular immunotherapy centers in China during the omicron wave.Materials & MethodsOne hundred fifty‐four patients were enrolled in this study.ResultsAmong them, 52 patients (33.8%) were uninfected, 74 patients (48.1) had ambulatory mild disease (including nine patients of asymptomatic infection), 22 patients (14.3%) had moderate disease and six patients (3.9%) had severe disease when data collected up. Three patients with severe disease died from COVID‐19, the death rate was 1.9% for all enrolled patients, and 2.9% for infected patients. We also found that patients over 60 years old or with diabetes mellitus (DM) tend to develop severe disease (p = 0.0057 and p = 0.0497, respectively). Patients had CAR‐T infusion within 6 months also tend to have severe disease (p = 0.0011). In multivariate logistic regression model, CAR‐T infusion within 6 months (relative risk (RR) 40.92; confidence interval (CI) 4.03–415.89; p = 0.002) were associated with significantly higher risk of severe disease.ConclusionThrough this study, we conclude that the outcome for B‐cell lymphoma patients following CD19 targeted CAR‐T therapy when facing omicron infection was improved, but aggressive precautionary measures were particularly crucial for patients with high risk factors.
Chemical Characterization of Corydalis chaerophylla D.C. Extracts and Preliminary Evaluation of Their in Vitro and in Vivo Biological Properties
Authors: Maharjan Binita , Kumar Shrestha Lok , Hill Jonathan P. , Ariga Katsuhiko , Sharan Shrestha Shyam , Sut Stefania , Swagat Shrestha Ram Lal , Dall'Acqua Stefano 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGenus Corydalis is a rich source of isoquinoline alkaloids reported to having potential bioactivities. Corydalis chaerophylla collected from Nepal at an altitude of 2400–4800 m was extracted using hexane, methanol and chloroform as solvents. The resulting hexane, methanol and chloroform extracts were subjected to LC–DAD‐MSn analysis to yield fifteen different alkaloids. To assess any potential pharmacological properties, antimicrobial activity against two Gram‐positive, two Gram‐negative bacterial strains and one fungal strain was assessed, revealing significant inhibitive action of the methanol and chloroform extracts. Of the extracts obtained using chloroform contained the highest content of phenolic compounds at 113 mg GAE/g, while the highest total flavonoid content was found for the hexane extract with a value of 46.45 mg QE/g. The chloroform extract also exhibited a considerable antioxidant activity at IC50 value, 261.5±3 μg/mL, for the DPPH assay. Conversely, the methanol extract exhibited the highest LC50 value for Brine Shrimp cytotoxicity at 196±3 μg/mL being least potential for the test. The methanol extract was found to be the most active against α‐amylase inhibition with an IC50 of 51.52±2 μg/mL. In an in vivo acute oral toxicity study against mice, methanol and chloroform extracts presented harmful effects with 1000.36 mg/kg BW and 515 mg/kg BW for LD50, respectively. By analyzing all the results of the solvents used, the chloroform extract was found to be the most active, a feature that will be used in future isolation procedures and other pharmacological tests.
Impact of balloon post‐dilation on valve durability and long‐term clinical outcomes after self‐expanding transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Sanz Sánchez Jorge , Regazzoli Damiano , Barbanti Marco , Fiorina Claudia , Adamo Marianna , Angelillis Marco , De Carlo Marco , Bellini Barbara , Montorfano Matteo , Mangieri Antonio , Bruschi Giuseppe , Merlanti Bruno , Agnifili Mauro Luca , Testa Luca , Ferrara Erica , Musto Carmine , Colombo Antonio , Tamburino Corrado , Reimers Bernhard 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundBalloon post‐dilation (BPD) is a widely adopted strategy to optimize acute results of TAVI, with a positive impact on both paravalvular leak and mean gradients. On the other hand, the inflation of the balloon inside prosthetic leaflets may damage them increasing the risk of structural valve deterioration (SVD). Furthermore, the impact of BPD on long‐term clinical outcomes and valve hemodynamics is yet unknown.AimsTo evaluate the impact of BPD on valve durability and long‐term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing self‐expanding transcatheter valve implantation (TAVI).MethodsEchocardiographic and clinical data from the ClinicalService (a nation‐based data repository and medical care project) were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups, those who underwent BPD after TAVI and those who did not. Coprimary endpoints were all‐cause death and SVD. Cumulative incidence functions for SVD were estimated.ResultsAmong 1835 patients included in the study, 417 (22.7%) underwent BPD and 1418 (77.3%) did not undergo BPD. No statistically significant differences at 6‐year follow‐up were found between groups in terms of all‐cause mortality (HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.9–1.22; p = 0.557) and SVD (2.1% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.381). In addition, BPD did not predispose to higher risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, valve thrombosis, and endocarditis at 6‐year follow‐up.ConclusionsBPD following TAVI with a self‐expanding prosthesis does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes or SVD at 6‐year follow‐up.
Self‐Assembled Supported Ionic Liquids
Authors: Tavera‐Méndez Cindy‐Ly , Bergen Alexander , Trzeciak Simon , Heinemann Frank W. , Graf Robert , Zahn Dirk , Meyer Karsten , Hartmann Martin , Wisser Dorothea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeparation and reuse of the catalytically active metal complexes are persistent issues in homogeneous catalysis. Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) catalysts, where the catalytic center is dissolved in a thin film of a stable ionic liquid, deposited on a solid support, present a promising alternative. However, the dissolution of the metal center in the film leaves little control over its position and its activity. We present here four novel, task‐specific ionic liquids [FPhnImHR]I (n=1, 2; R=PEG2, C12H25), designed to self‐assemble on a silica surface without any covalent bonding and offering a metal binding site in a controlled distance to the support. Advanced multinuclear solid‐state NMR spectroscopic techniques under Magic Angle Spinning, complemented by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, allow us to determine their molecular conformation when deposited inside SBA‐15 as a model silica support. We provide here conceptual proof for a rational design of ionic liquids self‐assembling into thin films, opening an avenue for a second, improved generation of SILP catalysts.
Enantiomer separation of 2‐halomandelic acids via diastereomeric salt formation with chiral N‐substituted 2‐amino‐2‐phenylethanols
Authors: Kodama Koichi , Kondo Yumi , Katayama Kosei , Yanagisawa Moeka , Hirose Takuji 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChiral N‐substituted secondary 1,2‐aminoalcohols have been developed for the enantioseparation of ortho‐halomandelic acids (o‐X‐MAs) via diastereomeric salt formation. Two structural isomers, N‐methyl‐2‐amino‐1,2‐diphenylethanol and N‐benzyl‐2‐amino‐2‐phenylethanol, showed high separation abilities for o‐X‐MAs (X = Cl, Br, I). The chiral recognition mechanism was elucidated by crystallographic analysis of the less‐soluble salts. The substituents on the nitrogen atom of the resolving agents and the inclusion of the crystallization solvent stabilized the salt and enhanced their separation ability.
Incidence, timing, and management of infections in patients receiving teclistamab for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in the MajesTEC‐1 study
Authors: Nooka Ajay K. , Rodriguez Cesar , Mateos María Victoria , Manier Salomon , Chastain Katherine , Banerjee Arnob , Kobos Rachel , Qi Keqin , Verona Raluca , Doyle Margaret , Martin Thomas G. , van de Donk Niels W. C. J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma are at increased risk of infection. Infections during treatment with teclistamab, the first B‐cell maturation antigen‐directed bispecific antibody approved for triple‐class–exposed relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, was examined in the phase 1/2 MajesTEC‐1 study.MethodsPatients (N = 165) received subcutaneous teclistamab 1.5 mg/kg weekly after a step‐up dosing schedule (0.06 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/kg, each separated by 2–4 days). Patients were monitored frequently for infections; prophylaxis and management were per institutional guidelines.ResultsAt a median follow‐up of 22.8 months (range, 0.3–33.6), infections were reported in 132 patients (80.0%). Grade 3/4 infections occurred in 91 patients (55.2%), including COVID‐19 (21.2%), respiratory infections (19.4%), Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (4.2%), viral infections (4.2%), and gastrointestinal infections (1.2%). Twenty‐one patients died from infections (18 from COVID‐19). Median time to first onset of any‐grade and grade 3 to 5 infections was 1.7 and 4.2 months, respectively. Overall, 70.9% of patients had ≥1 postbaseline immunoglobulin G (IgG) level <400 mg/dL; median time to IgG <400 mg/dL was 1.2 months (range, 0.2–19.8) and 46.1% received ≥1 dose of IgG replacement. Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in 65.5% of patients (median time to grade ≥3 neutropenia/febrile neutropenia was 2.3 months [range, 0–18.1]).ConclusionBased on the infection profile of B‐cell maturation antigen–targeted bispecific antibodies such as teclistamab, it is recommended that clinicians and patients remain vigilant for a range of infection types throughout treatment to facilitate prompt intervention. Appropriate screening, prophylaxis, and management of infections, hypogammaglobulinemia, and neutropenia are important.Clinical trial registrationNCT03145181/NCT04557098 (ClinicalTrials.gov)Plain Language Summary

Before starting teclistamab, patients should be up to date with vaccinations (including COVID‐19) and screened for hepatitis B and C and HIV. Teclistamab should not be given to patients with any active infections.
Prophylactic antimicrobials should be administered per institutional guidelines. Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and herpes simplex/varicella zoster virus is recommended during teclistamab treatment.
Close monitoring of infections and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels should continue throughout teclistamab treatment. IgG replacement (administered every 3–6 weeks) should be used to maintain IgG ≥400 mg/dL. Growth factors should be considered for grade ≥3 neutropenia with infection/fever and grade 4 neutropenia.
A new generalized predictive current control algorithm with integration of fractional part function based modulation technique: Single phase self‐balanced type multilevel inverter topologies
Authors: Bhanuchandar Aratipamula , Murthy Bhagwan K. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIt is generally impossible to control the inverter output current (IOC) based on operator needs if only pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques are used. Conventionally, authors have reported the finite control set‐based predictive current control algorithm (FCS‐PCCA) to control the IOC with a fast dynamic response. However, this type of algorithm without a PWM stage generates a variable switching frequency (VSF) of operation, and it leads to filter design problems, inequitable thermal stress, and more current distortions that have been presented. To alleviate all these issues, a new generalized PCCA with the integration of a fractional part function‐based single carrier modulation technique (G‐PCCA‐FPF‐SCMT) has been proposed, and it provides constant switching frequency (CSF) of operation. In this technique, the normalized optimum inverter output voltage (N‐O‐IOV) has been fed with FPF‐SCMT. The particular modulation stage implementation is straightforward since even inverter level number increases, the number of references and triangular carrier signals is always only one. The complete control implementation process of the proposed technique is extremely low compared with all traditional CSF‐based PCCAs. To verify the proposed technique experimentally in both steady and transient state operations, one of the conventional five‐level switched capacitor‐based inverter topologies has been considered and elucidated vividly in both open‐loop and closed‐loop operations.
Advanced technical tips and recent insights in ERCP using balloon‐assisted endoscopy
Authors: Shimatani Masaaki , Mitsuyama Toshiyuki , Yamashina Takeshi , Takeo Masahiro , Horitani Shunsuke , Saito Natsuko , Matsumoto Hironao , Orino Masahiro , Kano Masataka , Yuba Takafumi , Takayama Takuya , Nakagawa Tatsuya , Takayama Shoji 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPancreatobiliary endoscopic interventions using balloon‐assisted endoscopes have been widely acknowledged as the first‐line therapy for pancreatobiliary diseases in postoperative patients with reconstructed gastrointestinal anatomy (excluding the Billroth I procedure). However, there are many technical difficulties, and the procedural completion rates vary in a wide range among institutions, indicating the procedural technique is yet to be standardized. This article aims to provide technical tips of procedures and insights into the advanced aspects, including the management of extremely difficult cases and troubleshooting of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography using balloon endoscopy, along with a review of recent advancements in this field.
King Rail (Rallus elegans) presence in the Midwestern United States is predicted by local‐scale factors and avian community
Authors: Kane Michelle E. , Brewer Dustin E. , Gehring Thomas M. , Shirkey Brendan T. , Pangle Kevin L. , Uzarski Donald G. , Picciuto Michael A. , Simpson John W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe King Rail (Rallus elegans) is a wetland dependent species of conservation concern. Our objective was to gain a better understanding of the breeding habitat associations of King Rails in the Midwestern United States and the relationship of this species to other obligate marsh birds using occupancy and MaxEnt models. To collect data pertaining to occupancy, we placed trail cameras at 50 random points in coastal wetlands in the western Lake Erie basin where calls of King Rails were continuously broadcast at night. Data pertaining to other marsh bird species were collected via call‐broadcast surveys and camera surveys at each sample point. For MaxEnt modeling, we obtained presence data for King Rails and other obligate marsh birds from eBird and habitat data from GIS databases. Trail cameras and call‐broadcast surveys captured 10 detections of King Rails at nine sites, an 18% naive occupancy rate. King Rail occupancy was positively related to amount of interspersion, average water depth, and percent cover of emergent vegetation at local scales within a 5‐m radius. Our MaxEnt models indicated that, at a broader scale, the presence of other rail species such as the Sora (Porzana carolina) may be more important for predicting King Rail presence than other marsh birds or coarse wetland categories such as “emergent vegetation.” Our results could help wetland managers to predict where King Rails occur and to adapt management plans to incorporate King Rail conservation.
Increased sensitivity of vegetation to soil moisture and its key mechanisms in the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Wang Xi , Zhao Fubo , Wu Yiping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSoil moisture (SM) plays a crucial role in connecting various ecological processes in terrestrial ecosystems, as vegetation growth heavily relies on SM availability. Despite many studies evaluating the impacts of SM on vegetation activity, changes in vegetation sensitivity to SM are still poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the spatiotemporal changes of vegetation sensitivity to SM across the Loess Plateau (LP) region from 1982 to 2010 using satellite‐based normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and reanalysis SM data. Our results showed a significant increase in NDVI (slope = 0.0015/year, p < 0.001) and a slight decrease in SM (slope = −0.0001 m3/m3/year, p = 0.7) over the past 29 years, indicating a greening trend in the LP. By establishing a multiple linear model, we found that the sensitivity of vegetation dynamics to SM has significantly increased during the same period (slope = 0.029, p < 0.05). Spatially, vegetation in over half (51.2%) of the total area showed enhanced sensitivity to SM. Further analysis using the Lindeman–Merenda–Gold method showed that atmospheric CO2 was the major contributor (27.20%) to the sensitivity changes, followed by nitrogen deposition (23.70%) and air temperature (20.11%). Ecosystem structure changes (represented by non‐tree land cover fractions) and precipitation shifts contributed 16.13% and 12.83%, respectively, to sensitivity changes. These findings provide a better understanding of the spatiotemporal pattern and underlying mechanisms of ecosystem sensitivity to SM in the greening and warming LP.
Mechanism of Borane‐Catalyzed Oligomerization of Arylallenes and Arylacetylenes
Authors: Qu Zheng‐Wang , Zhu Hui , Grimme Stefan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecently, it was shown that Piers’ borane [HB(C6F5)2]2 can induce rapid oligomerization reactions of arylacetylenes and arylallenes. Using phenylallene PhCH=C=CH2 and phenylacetylene PhCCH as typical substrates, the detailed mechanisms of borane‐induced oligomerization are disclosed by extensive state‐of‐the‐art DFT calculations. Following initial regioselective hydroboration of unsaturated C=C or C≡C bonds, further oligomerization and structural rearrangement reactions may occur through unique boryl‐enabled conversions such as 1,3‐boryl‐shift, allylboration, 1,2‐carboboration, and 1,5‐electrocyclization. Together with stepwise transborylation with hydroboranes such as pinacolborane HBpin, such fundamental reactions may pave a catalytic way to borane‐induced oligomerization of arylacetylenes and arylallenes.
Reaction Mechanism and Origin of Stereoselectivity in the Fluorination and Trifluoromethylthiolation of 2‐Bromoamides with AgF and AgSCF3
Authors: Mizuta Satoshi , Tabira Masahiro , Shichiro Naoki , Yamaguchi Tomoko , Ishihara Jun , Ishikawa Takeshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReactions of chiral α‐bromoamides with AgF readily gave the corresponding 2‐fluorinated amide with retention of configuration. The mechanism and origin of the stereochemistry were rationalized using density functional theory calculations, which suggested a double‐inversion pathway via the formation of an aziridinone intermediate. The computed reaction pathway is consistent with the experimental results. In addition, the stereochemistry in base‐promoted trifluoromethylthiolation of α‐bromoamides using AgSCF3 was examined. The experimental results showed that the reaction proceeds through the generation of a neutral aziridinone intermediate, following the attack of a trifluoromethylthiolate anion at C‐3. The stereoselectivity of C‐3 attack on the aziridinone depended on the steric bulk of substitutes on the α‐position and nitrogen of the amide. The study results show the potential utility of AgF and AgSCF3 in the synthesis of chiral 2‐functionalized amide derivatives and provide mechanistic insights for nucleophilic substitution of 2‐bromoamides.