bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEMPI syndrome: A clinical, light‐microscopic and phenotypic evaluation with review of the literature
Authors: Kalomeris Taylor A. , Grossman Marc E. , Tepler Jeffrey , Magro Cynthia M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and objectivesTEMPI (telangiectasias, elevated erythropoietin and erythrocytosis, monoclonal gammopathy, perinephric fluid collections, and intrapulmonaryshunting) syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease classified as a monoclonal gammopathy of cutaneous significance. The pathogenesis and etiology of TEMPIare not well known because of the rarity of this disorder. Although telangiectasias are the hallmark of this syndrome, skin biopsies are rarely performed. We aim to further characterize TEMPI syndrome through the evaluationof a skin biopsy.MethodsWe reviewed the histopathology and immunophenotypic profile of a skin biopsy from a 53‐year‐oldwoman diagnosed with TEMPI syndrome. Other components of her syndromic complex included an IgA myeloma, elevated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and erythrocytosis.ResultsA biopsy showed prominent vascular ectasia with some degree of microvascular basement membranezone thickening. Our patient had a reduction in neoplastic plasma cell burdenand clearing of her telangiectasias following myeloma directed treatment.ConclusionsTEMPI can beviewed as a reactive vascular paraneoplastic syndrome in the setting of a plasma cell dyscrasia. Elaboration of VEGF from neoplastic plasma cells is likely pathogenetically implicated and appears to be a common link that explains other vascular lesions associated with monoclonal gammopathy syndromes.
The effect of instructor communication on affective learning in a supply chain management course
Authors: Johnson Laquanda Leaven , Park Arim , Kelly Stephanie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to understand how instructor clarity and computer‐mediated behaviors influence students’ affective learning and technology self‐efficacy in online supply chain management (SCM) courses, which show how the instructor–student relationship affects online learning experiences. Data were collected through an online questionnaire using the Prolific human subject's pool. The data supported a model in which instructors’ clarity and computer‐mediated immediate behaviors indirectly influenced students’ technology self‐efficacy and affect for the course through the mediation of perceived immediacy. Affect for the instructor did not fit into the final model. The findings in this study help SCM instructors navigate the pedagogical pivot that may be required for the next unexpected event (pandemic, etc.) without compromising student learning goals.
Prevalence of epileptiform electroencephalographic abnormalities in people without a history of seizures: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Aschner Amir , Kowal Christine , Arski Olivia , Crispo James A. G. , Farhat Nawal , Donner Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAbnormal patterns identified on electroencephalogram (EEG) are one of the primary diagnostic tests for epilepsy. However, epidemiological studies have established that both benign and epileptiform abnormalities (EAs) occur on the EEG of nonepileptic, seizure‐free people as well. The reported rates of EAs in nonepileptic, seizure‐free populations vary, and the true prevalence is unknown. The primary objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to estimate the overall prevalence of EAs in the EEG of people without a history of seizures. Secondary aims were to characterize (1) the cortical localization of focal abnormalities, (2) the proportion of findings that occurred during standard EEG stimulation protocols, and (3) the persistence and implications of abnormalities at follow‐up. A comprehensive electronic search of six bibliographic databases was completed: Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials, and Web of Science. No search date restrictions were applied. Overall effect size was calculated using a generalized linear mixed‐effects model. Fifty‐three studies, totaling 73 990 individuals, met our inclusion criteria. The overall point prevalence of EAs was 1.74% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13–2.67). Due to the risk of bias in the literature, especially from participant selection, we believe this to be an overestimate of the true prevalence. Prevalence of EAs was greater in children (2.45%, 95% CI = 1.41–4.21) and the elderly (5.96%, 95% CI = 1.39–22.13) compared with adults (.93%, 95% CI = .48–1.80). Reports of developing epilepsy after an EA‐positive EEG were rare. The likelihood of subsequent positive findings on follow‐up EEG may be as high as 50%. Our study has limitations in that males were overrepresented in the study samples, there is substantial heterogeneity among studies, and many studies provided insufficient detail about their exclusion criteria. Nonetheless, our estimates provide benchmark data for future studies examining EAs in clinical populations, particularly behavioral and psychiatric populations.
Clinical dermatologic applications of ginger: a focused review
Authors: Alhanshali Lina , Khachemoune Amor 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGinger is a traditional herb with medicinal properties. Although most commonly utilized as a spice, it has been used for various medicinal ailments for thousands of years. Over the past century, the anti‐inflammatory, antioxidative, and antimicrobial properties of ginger have been increasingly studied. Ginger has been demonstrated to be beneficial for many conditions including dermatologic, gastrointestinal, neoplastic, and respiratory diseases. Herein, we examine the existing literature regarding the clinical uses of ginger with a focus on its dermatologic applications.
Acne excoriée: Diagnostic overview and management
Authors: Johnsen Nicole , Poppens McKayla , Cheng Kyle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAcne excoriée (AE) is a skin picking disorder (SPD) within the group of obsessive compulsive (OCD) and related disorders characterized by the compulsive manipulation of acne lesions. AE typically appears in females during adolescence or young adulthood and can cause significant disfigurement and psychosocial impairment. This disorder is under‐recognized due to patient discomfort to disclose excoriation habits or lack of behavior awareness. It is imperative that dermatologists accurately diagnose and treat this disorder to minimize long‐term damage to the skin. This review aims to provide an overview of the diagnosis and treatment options for AE.
Consumer acceptability, metabolite profile analysis and storage stability of sorghum‐Bambara groundnut mahewu
Authors: Akanni Gabriel Bidemi , Qaku Xolisile W. , Adetunji Adeoluwa , Dlamini Bhekisisa C. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryCereal‐based diets supplemented with legumes have proven to be an effective approach to enhancing nutritional value. This study evaluated the consumer acceptability and metabolite profile of fermented sorghum mahewu improved with different proportions (20% and 30%) of Bambara groundnut (BGN). Consumer acceptability, metabolite profile analysis using gas chromatography high‐resolution time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (GC‐HRTOF‐MS), storage stability and microbial quality of mahewu were determined. Sorghum (100SORG) mahewu without BGN was the most preferred by the consumer panellists followed by 80SORG:20BGN. Metabolites identified in all three mahewu products included esters (21%), alcohols (17%), alkanes (12%), acids and derivatives (9%). Overall, 70SORG:30BGN had an improved metabolite profile but least preferred by consumer. The sorghum‐BGN mahewu maintained their pH, while increases in consistency and TTA were observed with storage time and BGN supplementation. Inclusion of BGN in sorghum mahewu did not alter microbial quality; however, more awareness is required to increase its acceptance among consumers.
Idiotopes of antibodies against HIV‐1 CD4‐induced epitope shared with those against microorganisms
Authors: Biswas Shashwata , Kuwata Takeo , Yamauchi Soichiro , Okazaki Kyo , Kaku Yu , Hasan Md Zahid , Morioka Hiroshi , Matsushita Shuzo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInduction of antibodies (Abs) against the conformational CD4‐induced (CD4i) epitope is frequent in HIV‐1 infection. However, the mechanism of development of anti‐CD4i Abs is unclear. We used anti‐idiotypic (aID) monoclonal Abs (mAbs) of anti‐CD4i mAbs to isolate anti‐CD4i mAbs from infected subjects and track the causative antigens. One anti‐aID mAb sorted from infected subjects by aID mAbs had the characteristics of anti‐CD4i Abs, including IGHV1‐69 usage and ability to bind to HIV‐1 Env enhanced by sCD4. Critical amino acid sequences for the binding of six anti‐aID mAbs, with shared idiotope to anti‐CD4i mAbs, were analysed by phage display. The identified amino acid sequences showed similarity to proteins from human microbiota and infectious agents. Peptides synthesized from Caudoviricetes sp and Vibrio vulnificus based on the identified sequences were reactive to most anti‐aID and some anti‐CD4i mAbs. These results suggest that anti‐CD4i Abs may evolve from B cells primed by microorganisms.
Dispersal movements of non‐native and native terrestrial slugs in an urban environment
Authors: Nyqvist Daniel , Ritchey Gabriella , Watz Johan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnimal movement varies from undirected dispersal to directed migration. Movement rates may have implications for conservation and resource management, as well as pest control, and they play a key role in invasion success. In slugs, long‐distance dispersal is typically passive, whereas active movement is critical for local dispersal and determines access to resources such as food and shelter. Telemetry has recently been used to study individual slug movements in the wild, whereas movement in arena tests has explored mechanisms of interspecific competition and invasiveness in slugs. Studies that relate the performance of individual slugs in arena tests to their post‐release behavior in nature are lacking. We measured individual short‐term movement speed of commonly occurring native and non‐native slugs of the genera Arion and Limax in arena tests and tracked their post‐release dispersal movements in a garden by PIT telemetry. We demonstrate clear differences in movement behavior among the species, but non‐native slugs did not display higher movement rates than their native congeners. In the arena test, slugs of the genus Limax displayed a higher short‐term speed than slugs of the genus Arion, whereas in the field, individuals of Limax maximus showed lower dispersal rates compared to the other slug species. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between short‐term speed in the arena test and movement in the field among individuals of L. cinereoniger, indicating the possible existence of behavioral syndromes in slugs, which may link movement ecology, animal personality, and the invasion ecology of pest species.
Risk factors associated with surgical site infections in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Yanfei , Tan Songtao , Chen Suning , Fan Xiaoping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSurgical site infections (SSIs) following cardiothoracic surgery can pose significant challenges to patient recovery and outcome. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to identify and quantify the risk factors associated with SSIs in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery. A comprehensive literature search adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and based on the PICO paradigm was conducted across four databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library, without any temporal restrictions. The meta‐analysis incorporated studies detailing the risk factors for post‐operative sternal infections, especially those reporting odds ratios (OR) or relative risks with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Quality assessment of the studies was done using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Statistical analysis was executed using the chi‐square tests for inter‐study heterogeneity, with further analyses depending on I2 values. Sensitivity analyses were performed, and potential publication bias was also assessed. An initial dataset of 2442 articles was refined to 21 articles after thorough evaluations based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients with diabetes mellitus have an OR of 1.80 (95% CI: 1.40–2.20) for the incidence of SSIs, while obese patients demonstrate an OR of 1.63 (95% CI: 1.40–1.87). Individuals who undergo intraoperative blood transfusion present an OR of 1.13 (95% CI: 1.07–1.18), and smokers manifest an OR of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.03–1.60). These findings unequivocally indicate a pronounced association between these factors and an elevated risk of SSIs post‐operatively. This meta‐analysis confirms that diabetes, obesity, intraoperative transfusion and smoking heighten the risk of SSIs post‐cardiac surgery. Clinicians should be alert to these factors to optimise patient outcomes.
Reflections of the COVID‐19 pandemic on health problems of children with special needs
Authors: Dost Ayse , Kaya Sura , Kurucay Ramazan , Sezen Berkan , Akinci Mehmet , Sunal Nihal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis research aimed to examine changes caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic in activities of daily living and health status of children with special needs.MethodThe current descriptive and comparative study was carried out with 82 students studying at a special education practice school that provided daytime education to children with special needs before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The Personal Information Form, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and the Omaha System Problem Classification Scheme were employed as data collection tools in the research.ResultsThe 10 most common problems during the COVID‐19 pandemic were stated as cognition (86.6%), mental health (75.6%), speech and language (85.4%), interpersonal relationships (79.3%), personal care (79.3%), social contact (64.6%), growth and development (63.4%), neighborhood/workplace safety (58.5%), communication with community resources (57.3%), and caretaking/parenting (n = 47, 57.3%). The incidence of “cognition,” “speech and language,” “neighborhood/workplace safety,” “communication with community resources,” and “caretaking/parenting” problems of children with special needs was significantly higher during the pandemic than before the pandemic (p < 0.05; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe current research emphasized the significant impacts on the health of children with physical and mental disabilities and loss of opportunity, as their education was considerably interrupted during the quarantine. During a pandemic, the regular evaluation of health benefits/risks is essential to ensure the continuity of medical follow‐up, rehabilitation, education, and support mechanisms for children with disabilities.
Efficacy and safety of pharmacological intervention for smoking cessation in smokers with diseases: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Xing Xin , Shang Xue , Deng Xinxin , Guo Kangle , Fenfen E , Zhou Liying , Wang Yongsheng , Yang Chaoqun , Yang Kehu , Li Xiuxia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the most effective and best‐tolerated drugs for treating diseased smokers.MethodsEight databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving different pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation in disease patients (January 2023). Network meta‐analysis was performed using STATA 15.1 software. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool assessed the risk of bias, and confidence in evidence was assessed using CINeMA.ResultsA total of 60 RCTs involving 13,009 patients of 12 disease categories were included. All trials reported 13 interventions, resulting in 78 comparisons. Network meta‐analysis showed that varenicline (OR = 2.30, 95% CI (1.77, 3.00)) and bupropion (OR = 1.65, 95% CI (1.29, 2.11)) showed favorable abstinence effects compared to placebo in the cardiovascular disease population. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) had better withdrawal advantages than placebo (OR = 11.18, 95% CI (2.25, 55.54)) in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) population. Some combination treatments showed better results than monotherapy, such as bupropion + NRT was superior to bupropion (OR = 8.45, 95% CI (1.84, 38.89)) and NRT (OR = 4.98, 95% CI (1.25, 19.78)) in mental illness population. The final surface under the cumulative ranking curve indicated that bupropion + NRT achieved the best smoking cessation effect. Overall confidence in the evidence was low. In a comparison of drugs, the results showed that bupropion + NRT had the best safety.ConclusionsMost interventions show the benefit of quitting smoking compared with placebo, including monotherapy and combination therapy. Moreover, varenicline or bupropion combined with NRT is superior to some monotherapies.
Mechanisms of aquaporin‐4 vesicular trafficking in mammalian cells
Authors: Markou Andrea , Kitchen Philip , Aldabbagh Ahmed , Repici Mariaelena , Salman Mootaz M. , Bill Roslyn M. , Balklava Zita 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) water channel is abundantly expressed in the glial cells of the central nervous system and facilitates brain swelling following diverse insults, such as traumatic injury or stroke. Lack of specific and therapeutic AQP4 inhibitors highlights the need to explore alternative routes to control the water permeability of glial cell membranes. The cell surface abundance of AQP4 in mammalian cells fluctuates rapidly in response to changes in oxygen levels and tonicity, suggesting a role for vesicular trafficking in its translocation to and from the cell surface. However, the molecular mechanisms of AQP4 trafficking are not fully elucidated. In this work, early and recycling endosomes were investigated as likely candidates of rapid AQP4 translocation together with changes in cytoskeletal dynamics. In transiently transfected HEK293 cells a significant amount of AQP‐eGFP colocalised with mCherry‐Rab5‐positive early endosomes and mCherry‐Rab11‐positive recycling endosomes. When exposed to hypotonic conditions, AQP4‐eGFP rapidly translocated from intracellular vesicles to the cell surface. Co‐expression of dominant negative forms of the mCherry‐Rab5 and ‐Rab11 with AQP4‐eGFP prevented hypotonicity‐induced AQP4‐eGFP trafficking and led to concentration at the cell surface or intracellular vesicles respectively. Use of endocytosis inhibiting drugs indicated that AQP4 internalisation was dynamin‐dependent. Cytoskeleton dynamics‐modifying drugs also affected AQP4 translocation to and from the cell surface. AQP4 trafficking mechanisms were validated in primary human astrocytes, which express high levels of endogenous AQP4. The results highlight the role of early and recycling endosomes and cytoskeletal dynamics in AQP4 translocation in response to hypotonic and hypoxic stress and suggest continuous cycling of AQP4 between intracellular vesicles and the cell surface under physiological conditions.
Host‐switching events are not always the driver of speciation in social parasites: a case study in Temnothorax (Myrmoxenus) ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: Báthori F. , Heinze J. , Trindl A. , Seifert B. , Herczeg G. , Csősz S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHost–parasite systems, including social parasites that exploit resources of the host colonies, are fascinating objects for evolutionary biologists mainly due to the dynamic and often rapid host–parasite coevolution. Host‐switching events are believed to induce rapid speciation of parasitic species. The socially parasitic ant lineage Myrmoxenus, which corresponds to the monophyletic Temnothorax corsicus group, counts in total a dozen species. Most Myrmoxenus species utilize a single host species, but a few others, like Myrmoxenus ravouxi (André, 1896) and M. gordiagini Ruzsky, 1902, are known to use multiple host taxa. Myrmoxenus zaleskyi (Sadil, 1953) was described as a putative congener of M. ravouxi based on its distinct host selection. In this paper, we investigate the diversity of the widely distributed European lineages M. ravouxi and M. zaleskyi from multiple and complementary perspectives to understand whether the host preference exhibited by these two forms implies speciation. We integrated evidence from molecular genetics using mitochondrial CO I/CO II genes, including the tLeu‐region, and multivariate analyses of morphometric data collected from workers and female sexuals (gynes). Although there is substantial regional host species specificity, results suggest that host switching did not result in phylogenetic or morphological divergence and that the central European M. zaleskyi can be considered the junior synonym of M. ravouxi. As the lineage Myrmoxenus has been the subject of considerable evolutionary research, these results are essential to achieve a more accurate picture of host–parasite systems in the future and further strengthen the justification of an integrative approach in studying similarly complex systems. We advise against describing new parasitic species based on host preference unless coupled with marked heritable phenotypic adaptations.
Trade Liberalization, IMF Conditionality, and Policy Substitution in Developing Countries
Authors: Busse Matthias , Vogel Tim 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSubstantial tariff reductions and increased usage of non‐tariff measures (NTMs) have been key dynamics of global trade policy in recent decades. We use highly disaggregated data on applied most favored nation tariffs, NTMs, and trade to investigate how International Monetary Fund (IMF) conditionality as a form of external pressure to reduce tariffs contributed to this dynamic in developing countries. Our results show that structural adjustment programs (SAPs) effectively lowered tariffs without increasing the usage of NTMs. A typical three‐year program containing tariff conditionality decreased tariff rates in the range of 2.0 to 3.8 percentage points in total. Furthermore, IMF programs reduced NTM initializations significantly. We also show that tariff conditionality was more effective in initiating tariff cuts for countries without previous greater globalization efforts than being a “catalyst” for ongoing liberalization efforts.