bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of digital twin model for mechanical application
Authors: Ajegaonkar S P , Katoke A R , Bhingare S V , Mane S R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The notion of digital twin technology is one that is just starting to gain traction in industry or business and more recently, academia. A virtual depiction of a real process or thing is called a “digital twin.” that may gather data from the real environment in order to represent, validate and simulate the physical twins. For artificial intelligence, the internet of things (IoT), and digital twins, the problems, applications, and enabling technologies are discussed. Particularly in the industrial sector, the development of Industry 4.0 principles has aided in its expansion. In order to adapt the idea to production. It is simulation technology that, by making full use of physical models, sensor data, and operation histories, blends interdisciplinary, multi-physical quantity, multiscale, and multi-probability. Utilizing cutting-edge analytical, monitoring, and predictive capabilities to test digital twin processes and services. It eliminates the expensive failure of physical items. It is a crucial facilitator of object lifecycle management, product validation and simulation, complex systems monitoring, and data-driven decision-making. Using a machine learning technique, this paper examines fault detection and develops a digital replica of the conveyor system of quality analysis of gear.
Modal and harmonic acoustical analysis of a circular rubber membrane and classification of resonant frequencies using deep learning
Authors: Dixit Anirudh , Wani Kiran P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Mode shapes of a component or a structure can be determined by conducting Modal analysis. Chladni figures can also be used to determine the mode shapes of a plate. In this research comparison of these mode shapes using Chladni figures and ANSYS simulation has been carried out. Analysis systems used for ANSYS simulation are Harmonic Acoustic Analysis and modal analysis. With the help of wave equation, a mathematical formulation has been achieved. The experimental and simulation results are compared, and an error of not more than 9% for modal and 10% for harmonic acoustics is found. Classification of these Chladni figures which are obtained experimentally, using Deep Learning algorithms like Inception ResNetV2, VGG16 and Xception and have achieved 100 percent accuracy at different converging times.
Real time two-wheeler recognition for Surveillance
Authors: Ganesh M A , Perumaal S Saravana , Preethi S P , Bhavdharani S D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In today’s intelligent transportation systems, vision-based traffic tracking systems and automatic vehicle make and model recognition is of significant importance for surveillance. From the literature, vehicle make and model recognition has been implemented for four wheelers easily due to the presence of logo in the frontal and rear parts. But it is not feasible for two wheelers due to the insignificant differential features. Hence in this work, a robust two-wheeler recognition system has been developed with frontal, rear and side images of two wheelers which is implementable in edge devices. The contributions of the paper are (i) Development of a two-wheeler dataset with the frontal, rear and side images of two classes in Indian Scenario. (ii) Development of a two-wheeler recognition framework implementable in Raspberry pi-based devices. (iii) Evaluation of the framework in real time outdoor environment. From the experimental results it is observed that the proposed network classifies two wheelers in real time at 4s with 94% accuracy.
Design of Bidirectional Resonant Converter For EV Application
Authors: Brindha B. , Annapoorani K. Iyswarya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, a novel LLC converter-based battery charger for EVs is presented. With this structure, the major switches may be switched at zero voltage over the whole charging profile. The suggested charger offers a flexible output voltage range suitable for the battery system. Additionally, storage battery-to-battery charging enables the sharing of charge between two batteries if one battery becomes stranded far from a charging station, hence maintaining high-efficiency undercharging. Various types of vehicle-to-vehicle chargers have been examined by researchers. A major drawback of conventional chargers is the inefficiency caused by the several power conversion steps they use. The study describes a DC source to a battery charger that operates independently from the vehicle. The paper discusses the operation modes of DC source-storage battery chargers.
Optimal Power Management for Sustainable Multipurpose Smart EV Charging Stations
Authors: Subashini M , Mohamed Abdullah J , Adarsh JK , Senthil Rethinam , Sumathi V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Automation and AI are necessity in today’s fast-moving world. This combination augments human intelligence and skills to make better decisions and improves the quality of services. This project proposes an automated intelligent control algorithm to schedule the EV charging in the closed community parking lots. The intelligent controller uses an optimisation algorithm to allocate the chargers based on the availability of renewable power, ensuring that all cars are charged efficiently and effectively. The system incorporates automatic number plate recognition technology to identify incoming cars, retrieve their charging details, and initiate the charging process. Additionally, provisions are made for manual emergency charging. The system generates monthly charging bills for car owners, which are sent via email, thus promoting transparency and accountability. This feature encourages responsible use of the charging stations and contributes to the adoption of electric vehicles. When the charging slots are free, this facility can be used to charge public vehicles. Overall, this smart e-vehicle charging system provides a sustainable and energy-efficient solution for charging electric vehicles while promoting the use of renewable energy sources.
One-dimensional AB random sequential adsorption with one deposition per site
Authors: do Amaral Charles S , dos Santos Diogo C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We investigate a modified version of the AB random sequential adsorption model. Specifically, this model involves the deposition of two distinct types of particles onto a lattice, with the constraint that different types cannot occupy neighboring sites. By restricting the deposition attempts to only one per site, we derive an analytical expression for the average densities of particles of types A and B, at all time instances, for all deposition probabilities of each particle type.
Study on the mechanical properties of Self-Curing Concrete Using Magnetized Water
Authors: Ajay Anju , Hameed Aneesa , Lal Anusree 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The growth of the population has led to an increase in construction activities, which require water for concrete mixing, curing, and cement hydration. Cement hydration occurs due to extra water that is not part of the mixing water. Magnetized water, which is water subjected to magnetic flux, has become a popular technology in the construction industry due to its potential to increase the lifespan of buildings and improve various technological processes at an economical cost. The use of magnetically processed water reduces the amount of cement needed to achieve the desired compressive strength value. This study investigates the effects of magnetic field generated by Permag N-406 on the properties of water, such as pH and hardness also, cement is partially replaced with 1%-4% of Nano Silica to achieve good characteristic strength. The study determines the optimal magnetization value, the maximum exposure time of water to the magnetic field and, the mechanical properties of self-curing concrete. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is used as the self-curing agent. The experiment results shows that the 48 hrs of magnetization of water and replacement of cement by 3% of Nano Silica showed the better performances in mechanical properties.
Numerical investigation on bending behaviour of hollow precast slab with FRP tubes using Ansys
Authors: Hari Aswin , Pillai Abhishanth S , Sooraj S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hollow-core precast concrete slabs are frequently employed in modular building construction to reduce concrete volume and weight. Nevertheless, the presence of the hollow-core increases susceptibility to failure. To address this issue, a composite reinforcing system (CRS) has been developed to support the void in precast slabs. This research aims to investigate the bending behavior of a composite slab comprising precast concrete, steel, and the composite reinforcement system. Bending tests will be conducted on precast slabs with various CRS configurations (including changes in tube material properties and tube cross-section) to assess the structural performance of this innovative construction system. Additionally, a non-linear finite element modeling was employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of the internal components of the slab. The findings of this study will offer valuable insights for designing more reliable and cost-effective hollow-core precast concrete slabs.
Barocaloric response of plastic crystal 2-methyl-2-nitro-1-propanol across and far from the solid-solid phase transition
Authors: Salvatori Alejandro , Barrio María , Negrier Philippe , Massip Stéphane , Romanini Michela , Aznar Araceli , Lloveras Pol , Tamarit Josep-Lluís 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Plastic crystals have emerged as benchmark barocaloric (BC) materials for potential solid-state cooling and heating applications due to huge isothermal entropy changes and adiabatic temperature changes driven by pressure. In this work we investigate the BC response of the neopentane derivative 2-methyl-2-nitro-1-propanol (NO2C(CH3)2CH2OH) in a wide temperature range using x-ray diffraction, dilatometry and pressure-dependent differential thermal analysis. Near the ordered-to-plastic transition, we find colossal BC effects of

≃

400 J K−1 kg−1 and

≃

5 K upon pressure changes of 100 MPa. Although reversible effects at the transition are obtained only from higher pressure changes due to hysteretic effects, we do obtain fully reversible BC effects from any pressure change in individual phases, that become giant at moderate pressures due to very large thermal expansion, especially in the plastic phase. From our measurements, we also determine the crystal structure of the low-temperature phase and estimate the contribution of the configurational disorder and the volume change to the total transition entropy change.
Redesigning planet carrier for material conservation using whale optimization
Authors: Shinde Harshvardhan , Barpande Girish , Mali Arun , Kuldharan Amol 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Planet carriers are one of the important and heavy components in planetary gearboxes. Planet carriers of heavy gearboxes used for large applications are not produced in numbers. However, the increasing cost pressures has forced designers to apply weight reduction and optimization methods for components like these as a one-time obligatory exercise. In the presented case, a candidate planet carrier used in the gearbox of a sugar mill is considered for weight reduction exercise without compromising its strength. 3D CAD model of the given planet carrier is prepared and analyzed to understand the operating stresses. The knowledge of predictable stress values at various locations are used to guide the optimization. Numerical simulations are carried out with AI based Whale optimization algorithm for optimization. Obtained dimensions of optimized planet carriers are verified by the stress analysis again. The results predicted that a weight reduction of 8% can be possible with the optimized design without compromising the design constraints. The work demonstrates that a relatively simple whale optimization algorithm can be used to optimize weight for many such heavy components.
Sensitivity enhancement of an antenna sensor by using sextuple notch bands for application in cancer detection
Authors: Thakur Shivkant , Mishra Rajan , Soni Sanjay Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, a sextuple band-notched ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna sensor with slots in the feedline and parasitics is proposed. This is used for cancer detection in breast and skin phantom. The antenna sensor operates a bandwidth of 2.45–16 GHz. The dielectric properties of malignant cells are completely distinct from healthy cells, EM waves passing through the cells recognize a malignant. S11 parameters of the antenna are analyzed with the help of a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) after placing the antenna on the phantoms. Further, the statistical machine learning concept of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is utilized for more vivid detection of malignant cells. The bands WiMax (2.8–3.4 GHz), radio astronomy (4.75–5.8 GHz), satellite communication (6.7–7.5 GHz, 9.2–10.9 GHz and 12.95–13.55 GHz) and SHF band (15.43–15.63 GHz), create interferences within the UWB spectrum. The interfering bands are removed by slot loading and parasitics. Thus, the sensitivity of the antenna sensor improved.
Confounder Adjustment Using the Disease Risk Score: A Proposal for Weighting Methods
Authors: Nguyen Tri-Long , Debray Thomas P A , Youn Bora , Simoneau Gabrielle , Collins Gary S 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPropensity score analysis is a common approach to addressing confounding in nonrandomized studies. Its implementation, however, requires important assumptions (e.g., positivity). The disease risk score (DRS) is an alternative confounding score that can relax some of these assumptions. Like the propensity score, the DRS summarizes multiple confounders into a single score, on which conditioning by matching allows the estimation of causal effects. However, matching relies on arbitrary choices for pruning out data (e.g., matching ratio, algorithm, and caliper width) and may be computationally demanding. Alternatively, weighting methods, common in propensity score analysis, are easy to implement and may entail fewer choices, yet none have been developed for the DRS. Here we present 2 weighting approaches: One derives directly from inverse probability weighting; the other, named target distribution weighting, relates to importance sampling. We empirically show that inverse probability weighting and target distribution weighting display performance comparable to matching techniques in terms of bias but outperform them in terms of efficiency (mean squared error) and computational speed (up to &gt;870 times faster in an illustrative study). We illustrate implementation of the methods in 2 case studies where we investigate placebo treatments for multiple sclerosis and administration of aspirin in stroke patients.
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Hospitalized Adult Patients With Breakthrough COVID-19 Infections: A Propensity-Score–Matched Observational Study
Authors: Niu Jianli , Samuels Shenae , Sareli Candice , Mayer Daniel , Visbal Alvaro , Sareli Aharon E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of vaccination on intensive care unit (ICU) admission and in-hospital mortality among breakthrough coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. A total of 3,351 adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the Memorial Healthcare System (Hollywood, Florida) between June 1 and September 20, 2021, were included; 284 (8.5%) were fully vaccinated. A propensity-score–matched analysis was conducted to compare fully vaccinated patients with unvaccinated controls. Propensity scores were calculated on the basis of variables associated with vaccination status. A 1:1 matching ratio was applied using logistic regression models, ensuring balanced characteristics between the two groups. The matched samples were then subjected to multivariate analysis. Among breakthrough infections, vaccinated patients demonstrated lower incidences of ICU admission (10.3% vs. 16.4%; P = 0.042) and death (12.2% vs. 18.7%; P = 0.041) than the matched controls. Risk-adjusted multivariate analysis demonstrated a significant inverse association between vaccination and ICU admission (odds ratio = 0.52, 95% confidence interval: 0.31, 0.89; P = 0.019) as well as in-hospital mortality (odds ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.34, 0.94; P = 0.027). Vaccinated individuals experiencing breakthrough infections had significantly lower risks of ICU admission and in-hospital mortality. These findings highlight the benefits of COVID-19 vaccines in reducing severe outcomes among patients with breakthrough infections.
High endoreduplication after drought-related conditions in haploid but not diploid mosses
Authors: Zumel D , Diéguez X , Werner O , Moreno-Ortiz M C , Muñoz J , Ros R M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Endoreduplication, the duplication of the nuclear genome without mitosis, is a common process in plants, especially in angiosperms and mosses. Accumulating evidence supports the relationship between endoreduplication and plastic responses to stress factors. Here, we investigated the level of endoreduplication in Ceratodon (Bryophyta), which includes the model organism Ceratodon purpureus.

Methods
We used flow cytometry to estimate the DNA content of 294 samples from 67 localities and found three well-defined cytotypes, two haploids and one diploid, the haploids corresponding to C. purpureus and Ceratodon amazonum, and the diploid to Ceratodon conicus, recombination occurring between the former two.

Key Results
The endoreduplication index (EI) was significantly different for each cytotype, being higher in the two haploids. In addition, the EI of the haploids was higher during the hot and dry periods typical of the Mediterranean summer than during spring, whereas the EI of the diploid cytotype did not differ between seasons.

Conclusions
Endopolyploidy may be essential in haploid mosses to buffer periods of drought and to respond rapidly to desiccation events. Our results also suggest that the EI is closely related to the basic ploidy level, but less so to the nuclear DNA content as previously suggested.
Gestational intermittent hypoxia induces endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in pregnant rats: role of endothelin type B receptor
Authors: Song Ruolin , Yadav Pankaj , Dangudubiyyam Sri Vidya , Hofmann Alissa , Mishra Jay S , Kumar Sathish 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea is a recognized risk factor for gestational hypertension, yet the exact mechanism behind this association remains unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that intermittent hypoxia, a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea, induces gestational hypertension through perturbed endothelin-1 signaling. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to normoxia (control), mild intermittent hypoxia (10.5% O2), or severe intermittent hypoxia (6.5% O2) from gestational days 10–21. Blood pressure was monitored. Plasma was collected and mesenteric arteries were isolated for myograph and protein analyses. The mild and severe intermittent hypoxia groups demonstrated elevated blood pressure, reduced plasma nitrate/nitrite, and unchanged endothelin-1 levels compared to the control group. Western blot analysis revealed decreased expression of endothelin type B receptor and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase, while the levels of endothelin type A receptor and total endothelial nitric oxide synthase remained unchanged following intermittent hypoxia exposure. The contractile responses to potassium chloride, phenylephrine, and endothelin-1 were unaffected in endothelium-denuded arteries from mild and severe intermittent hypoxia rats. However, mild and severe intermittent hypoxia rats exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation responses to endothelin type B receptor agonist IRL-1620 and acetylcholine compared to controls. Endothelium denudation abolished IRL-1620-induced vasorelaxation, supporting the involvement of endothelium in endothelin type B receptor-mediated relaxation. Treatment with IRL-1620 during intermittent hypoxia exposure significantly attenuated intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension in pregnant rats. This was associated with elevated circulating nitrate/nitrite levels, enhanced endothelin type B receptor expression, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation, and improved vasodilation responses. Our data suggested that intermittent hypoxia exposure during gestation increases blood pressure in pregnant rats by suppressing endothelin type B receptor-mediated signaling, providing a molecular mechanism linking intermittent hypoxia and gestational hypertension.
Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Nontyphoidal Salmonella Infections by Isolate Resistance—Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 US Sites, 2004–2018
Authors: Francois Watkins Louise K , Luna Sarah , Bruce Beau B , Medalla Felicita , Reynolds Jared L , Ray Logan C , Wilson Elisha L , Caidi Hayat , Griffin Patricia M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Nontyphoidal Salmonella causes an estimated 1.35 million US infections annually. Antimicrobial-resistant strains are a serious public health threat. We examined the association between resistance and the clinical outcomes of hospitalization, length-of-stay ≥3 days, and death.

Methods
We linked epidemiologic data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network with antimicrobial resistance data from the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) for nontyphoidal Salmonella infections from 2004 to 2018. We defined any resistance as resistance to ≥1 antimicrobial and clinical resistance as resistance to ampicillin, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (for the subset of isolates tested for all 5 agents). We compared outcomes before and after adjusting for age, state, race/ethnicity, international travel, outbreak association, and isolate serotype and source.

Results
Twenty percent of isolates (1105/5549) had any resistance, and 16% (469/2969) had clinical resistance. Persons whose isolates had any resistance were more likely to be hospitalized (31% vs 28%, P = .01) or have length-of-stay ≥3 days (20% vs 16%, P = .01). Deaths were rare but more common among those with any than no resistance (1.0% vs 0.4%, P = .01). Outcomes for patients whose isolates had clinical resistance did not differ significantly from those with no resistance. After adjustment, any resistance (adjusted odds ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.46) remained significantly associated with hospitalization.

Conclusions
We observed a significant association between nontyphoidal Salmonella infections caused by resistant pathogens and likelihood of hospitalization. Clinical resistance was not associated with poorer outcomes, suggesting that factors other than treatment failure (eg, strain virulence, strain source, host factors) may be important.