bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gradient Design with Low‐Tortuosity Overcoming Kinetic Limitations in High‐Loading Solid‐State Cathodes
Authors: Cheng Guangzeng , Yu Jinping , Wang Yonghui , Ju Zhengyu , Zhu Yue , Tian Weiqian , Chen Jingwei , Wang Huanlei , Wu Jingyi , Yu Guihua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe extensive commercialization of practical solid‐state batteries (SSBs) necessitates the development of high‐loading solid‐state cathodes with fast charging capability. However, electrochemical kinetics are severely delayed in thick cathodes due to tortuous ion transport pathways and slow solid‐solid ion diffusion, which limit the achievable capacity of SSBs at high current densities. In this work, we propose a conductivity gradient cathode with low‐tortuosity to enable facile ion transport and counterbalance ion concentration gradient, thereby overcoming the kinetic limitations and achieving fast charging capabilities in thick cathodes. The LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathodes deliver a room‐temperature (RT) capacities of 147 and 110 mAh g−1 at 5 C and 10 C, respectively, and meanwhile achieve a RT areal capacity of 3.3 mAh cm−2 at 3 C, enabling SSBs simultaneously high energy and power densities. The universality of this strategy is demonstrated in LiFePO4 cathodes, providing a novel solution for fast charging and large‐scale application of high‐loading SSBs.
A Comparison Study of the Synergistic Influence of Discrepancy in Exothermic Behavior of Polyacrylonitrile‐Based Precursor Fibers and the Continuous Gradient Pre‐Oxidation Condition on Stabilization Structure
Authors: Liu Yong , Guo Peipei , Guo Zongwei , Dai Shengtao , Li Honglong , Shang Lei , Ao Yuhui 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe synergistic influence of discrepancy in exothermic behavior of two types of polyacrylonitrile‐based precursor fibers (labeled as fiber A and B) and the continuous gradient pre‐oxidation conditions on stabilization structure were studied. The evolution and development process of skin‐core structure at different stabilization stages and corresponding influencing factors was clarified. Results showed fiber A had gentle exothermic behavior, smaller exothermic rates, and weaker heat flow, while fiber B had faster exothermic rates and concentrated heat flow, especially at stabilization later stage. Stabilization behaviors revealed that the cyclization index (Ic), oxidation index (Io), dehydrogenation index (Id), aromatization index (AI), X‐ray stabilization index, O elements, and bulk density increased with proceeds of pre‐oxidation. The relationship between the aromatization cross‐linked structure, bulk density, and chemical structure indicated that cyclization, dehydrogenation, and oxidation reactions jointly promoted the formation of aromatization cross‐linked conjugated lamellar structure. Under the same pre‐oxidation conditions, the stabilization degree of fiber B was much higher than that of fiber A. Meanwhile, a more serious inhomogeneous structure appeared at the early stage and further deteriorated at a later stage, which is related to its concentrated exothermic behavior, locally high temperature in the core and nonuniform oxygen distribution in the radial direction. These factors become the internal factors that affect the formation and development of skin‐core structure. By adjusting temperature and gradient distribution as well as shortening time, the skin‐core structure disappeared without compromising the stabilization degree. The formation of the skin‐core structure was controlled by chemical reactions at early stage but by double diffusion and locally high temperature in the core at the later stage. In order to promoted oxygen diffusion, the Ic, Io, and AI values at the initial stage should be controlled below 0.8%, 0.36%, and 32%, respectively. The principles, reasons, and regulatory mechanisms for optimizing the stabilization structure and set proper pre‐oxidation procedures were provided.
Gendered Corruption: How Gender Norms Underpin Experiences of Corruption in Asian and Pacific Countries
Authors: Peiffer Caryn 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThere is a growing recognition that corruption not only exacerbates gender inequality, but that gender inequality undermines anticorruption efforts. As such, anticorruption policy actors are increasingly asked to ‘mainstream gender’ into their work. Doing so effectively requires an understanding of how and why experiences of corruption are gendered in specific contexts. Drawing on findings from a series of 10 focus group discussions (FGDs) held in Cambodia Fiji, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka, which gathered the views of 139 participants, this research offers the first examination how and why experiences with corruption are gendered in Asian and Pacific contexts. A focus on gender norms in the FGDs helps to get at why it is that women experience grass‐roots corruption differently. The findings make clear that corruption cannot be effectively controlled without challenging gender norms that make women uniquely vulnerable to corruption and prevent many from resisting and reporting corruption.
Portland Water District: Promoting a Maine Legacy With Bottle‐Filling Stations
Authors: Clements Michelle 
Published: January 2025

Key TakeawaysIn Portland, Maine, a program to install water bottle–filling stations has exceeded expectations.The Water Bottle Filling Station Grant Program increased public perception of local tap water and strengthened its brand.Bottle filling stations should be sited in high‐profile, high‐traffic locations, and good candidates include nonprofit organizations, government buildings, and schools.
Greener Pathways, Strategy, and Economic Performance: A Cross‐National Study on European Service SMEs
Authors: Vagnoni Emidia , Cavicchi Caterina , Borghesi Michela , Trincanato Edoardo , Bonnini Stefano 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTResearch into how environmental management practices impact firm performance has largely overlooked the service sector's small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Drawing on industry, resource, and institution‐based strategy perspectives, this study investigates how adopting resource efficiency (RE) practices within the framework of a circular economy (CE) supports European service SMEs in achieving carbon neutrality (CN) and reducing production costs (PCs). The study also examines difficulties in adapting to environmental regulations among adopters, their associated impact on performance, and the importance of having a CN strategy. A combined permutation test conducted on 681 European service SMEs from 35 countries revealed––after controlling for sectoral differences––that SMEs without RE practices within the CE framework faced higher PCs, a critical factor for firm performance. Additionally, transportation and storage SMEs with a CN strategy demonstrated greater adoption of RE practices. Implications for theory, practice, and future research are discussed.
Highly iterated palindrome 1 sequence improves Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 transformation efficiencies in a homology‐ and methylation‐dependent manner
Authors: Kamoku Cody , Nielsen David R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe ability to precisely engineer cyanobacterial metabolism first requires the ability to efficiently deliver engineered DNA constructs. Here, we investigate how natural transformation efficiencies in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 can be greatly improved by leveraging the native and abundant cyanobacterial Highly Iterated Palindrome 1 (HIP1) sequence. While including at least one homologous HIP1 site within the homology arms of an integrating plasmid increased integration efficiency by up to 7‐fold, methylation of those sites by HIP1 methyltransferase (encoded by slr0214 from Synechococcus sp. PCC 6803) boosted this to greater than a 100‐fold improvement overall. Non‐homologous HIP1 sites also improved transformation efficiencies of both integrating and replicating episomal plasmids (by up to 60‐ and 9‐fold, respectively), but only if methylated. The collective data further reveal that HIP1 does not function as part of a native restriction enzyme system in PCC 7002, but rather may improve transformation efficiency via an alternative mechanism(s), occurring prior to and/or during homologous recombination. Future studies are needed, however, to more clearly elucidate the specific role of HIP1 during natural transformation of cyanobacteria.
Stipulations of cell and gene therapy and the ties to biomanufacturing
Authors: Allisha Justin , Das Juthika , Dunnigan Thomas , Sharfstein Susan T. , Datta Payel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCell and gene therapy (CGT) products are emerging and innovative biopharmaceuticals that hold promise for treating diseases that are otherwise beyond the scope of conventional medicines. The evolution of CGT from a research idea to a promising therapeutic product is due to the complementary advancements across various scientific disciplines. First, the innovations and advancements in gene editing and delivery technology have provided fundamental tools to manipulate genes and cells for therapeutic pursuits. Second, advancements in applied and translational research, including how clinical trials are designed, performed, evaluated, and analyzed, have transformed the technology into a potential therapeutic product. Third, advancements in scaling up the production of CGT products have been critical in delivering the product for preclinical studies, clinical trials, and approved treatments. In parallel, regulatory requirements have continuously evolved, with lessons learned from translational studies and biomanufacturing. These combined efforts have transformed CGT products from a promising concept into a reality with the potential to treat a wide range of diseases. However, continued R&D and regulatory oversight are crucial to further improve the safety, efficacy, and accessibility of CGT products.
Engineering a high‐throughput clone for industrial‐scale production of long‐acting GLP‐1 analogue with retained bio‐efficacy
Authors: J Praveen Kumar Reddy , Tummuru Murali , Ramkumar Kunka Mohanram 
Published: January 2025

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are critical global health issues with rising incidence rates. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) analogues have emerged as effective treatments due to their ability to regulate blood glucose levels and gastric emptying through central nervous signals involving hypothalamic receptors, such as leptin. To address the short plasma half‐life of native GLP‐1, a C‐16 fatty acid was conjugated to lysine in the GLP‐1 analogue sequence to enhance its longevity. This study focuses on engineering a high‐throughput clone and evaluation of novel GLP‐1 analogues with improved bio‐efficacy and production yields. Five plasmid models were created using different N‐terminal fusion partners and assessed for hydrophobicity, instability index, and isoelectric point. Three optimal plasmid models were selected based on high‐valued hydrophobicity, solubility, and partial solubility. These plasmids were constructed with the pET24a vector, incorporating GLP‐1 with fusion tags via recombinant DNA technology and transformed into E. coli BL21 DE3 hosts. The proteins were purified through enzyme digestion and chromatography, resulting in a high‐yield peptide. The GLP‐1 peptide was conjugated with in‐house developed fatty acid compound n‐Palmitoyl glutamic acid (n‐PGA) and purified using C18 column chromatography, achieving a final product yield of 170–190 mg per liter of fermentation culture. Biological activity was confirmed by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) generation and 3 T3 cell differentiation assays, showing a 1.5‐fold increase in mRNA gene expression with the clone having n‐terminal hydrophobic amino acids, thioredoxin‐modified tag, and enterokinase cleavage site, indicating high purity and biological potency of the GLP‐1 analogue.
Application of Gene Editing in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Research
Authors: Feng Shuying , Li Jixia , Yan Aifen , Zhu Xiangxing , Zhang Ligang , Tang Dongsheng , Liu Lian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of gene editing technology, its application in breast cancer has gradually become the focus of research. This article reviews the application of gene editing technology in the treatment of breast cancer, and discusses its challenges and future development directions. The key application areas of gene editing technology in the treatment of breast cancer will be outlined, including the discovery of new therapeutic targets and the development of drugs related to the pathway. Gene editing technology has played an important role in the discovery of new therapeutic targets. Through the use of gene editing technology, breast cancer‐related genes are systematically edited to regulate key regulatory factors on related pathways or key tumor suppressor genes such as FOXC1 and BRCA, and the results are analyzed in cell or animal experiments, and the target is obtained from the experimental results, which provides important clues for the development of new drugs. This approach provides an innovative way to find more effective treatment strategies and inhibit tumor growth. In addition, gene editing technology has also promoted the personalization of breast cancer treatment. By analyzing a patient's genomic information, researchers can pinpoint key genetic mutations in a patient's tumor and design personalized treatments. This personalized treatment approach is expected to improve the therapeutic effect and reduce adverse reactions. Finally, the application of gene editing technology also provides support for the development of breast cancer immunotherapy. By editing immune cells to make them more potent against tumors, researchers are trying to develop more effective immunotherapies to bring new treatment options to breast cancer patients.
Development of an Environmentally Responsive Fluorescent Ligand for Vitamin D Receptor
Authors: Iwaki Miho , Sakamoto Ryota , Tsutsumi Rino , Sawada Takahiro , Hirokawa Takatsugu , Kato Shigeaki , Nagasawa Kazuo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractVitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a critical role in regulating multiple biological processes, including bone metabolism and cell differentiation, by mediating transcriptional activation in response to ligand binding. We have constructed an environmentally fluorescent probe 2 for VDR to facilitate real‐time observation of its ligand‐dependent conformational changes in living cells. This probe 2 was synthesized by introducing a dansyl fluorophore via an ethynyl group at the C11 position of 1α,25(OH)₂D₃. Probe 2 exhibited strong environmentally responsive fluorescence, showing increased intensity and a blue shift of the peak wavelength upon binding to VDR due to the increased hydrophobicity of the environment.
Enantiodifferentiation of Thiohydantoin Derivatives by NMR in the Presence of Chiral Solvating Agent: (1R,2S)‐Ephedrine and Chiral Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Thioureas
Authors: Sarigul Ozbek Sevgi , Teke Tuncel Senel , Erol Gunal Sule , Dogan Ilknur 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT2‐Thiohydantoin derivatives, including different substitutions at N‐1 and C‐5 (5‐methyl‐, 5‐isopropyl‐, 1‐acetyl‐5‐methyl‐, and 1‐acetyl‐5‐isopropyl‐) (1–4, respectively), were synthesized by the known literature methods. In these synthetic pathways, it was reported that enantiomerically pure 2‐thiohydantions were obtained in the absence of any solvent via the reaction of L‐amino acids with thiourea (1&2) and via the reaction of L‐amino acids with NH4SCN and acetic anhydride (3&4). However, in this study, in contrary to the previous literature studies, racemic mixtures of 2‐thiohydantoins were obtained although the same synthetic methods were used. The racemic nature of 2‐thiohydantoin derivatives (1–4) was proved by using 1H NMR analysis in the presence of (1R,2S)‐(−)‐ephedrine as a chiral auxiliary. In addition, the enantiomers of 3&4 were also resolved on chiral stationary phases by HPLC analyses. Furthermore, newly synthesized unsymmetrical chiral thioureas (S‐1&S‐2) and previously synthesized symmetrical ones (SS‐3&SS‐4) were used as chiral solvating agent (CSA) for the enantiodiscrimination of the thiohydantoins (5&6), previously reported. Optimal CSA/substrate ratios were determined for the best enantiodiscrimination.
Impact of CEOs' Environmental Experience on Corporate Green Innovation
Authors: Zhang Dan , Li Bingxiang , Fu Qiang , Tang Wei , Fatima Taqdees 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCEOs' environmental background imprints their strategic preferences, which are crucial for promoting corporate green innovation (GI). However, the influence and mechanisms of CEOs' environmental experience (Green) on GI, especially exploring the specific relationship and mechanism between Green and different types of green technology innovation (GTI) and green management innovation (GMI) remain unexplored. Drawing upon the upper echelons theory and resource‐based view, we discuss the impact of Green on GTI and GMI and examine the moderating role of CEO power. Moreover, we investigate the mechanism analysis in the relationship between Green and GTI and GMI, respectively. Our empirical findings suggest that Green significantly promotes GTI and GMI, and the positive relationship between Green and GI is negatively moderated by the strength of CEO power. Furthermore, the mechanism of green consciousness is the functioning channel between Green and GTI; the dynamic capability is the functioning channel between Green and GMI.
Post‐Glacial Vegetation Trajectories on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau Reflect Millennial‐Scale Migration Lags in Complex Mountain Terrain Based on Sedimentary Ancient DNA and Dynamic Dispersal Modeling
Authors: Shen Wei , Kruse Stefan , Liu Sisi , Stoof‐Leichsenring Kathleen , Kühn Ingolf , Li Wenjia , Cao Xianyong , Zhang Zhi‐Rong , Zeng Chun‐Xia , Yang Jun‐Bo , Li De‐Zhu , Herzschuh Ulrike 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMountains with complex terrain and steep environmental gradients are biodiversity hotspots such as the eastern Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, it is generally assumed that mountain terrain plays a secondary role in plant species assembly on a millennial time‐scale compared to climate change. Here, we investigate plant richness and community changes during the last 18,000 years at two sites: Lake Naleng and Lake Ximen on the eastern TP with similar elevation and climatic conditions but contrasting terrain. We applied plant DNA metabarcoding to lake sediments leveraging a new regional reference database for taxa identification. Furthermore, we developed a simplified species dispersal model named SMARC. This was used to simulate species migration along river valleys in response to past climate change at the taxonomic resolution of the sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) approach. Statistical analyses, including ordination‐based ecological trajectory analysis, yielded a significant match between sedaDNA and simulated results at single taxon and community levels including certain site‐specific differences. Steep terrain downstream of Lake Naleng enhances connectivity to glacial lowland refugia during postglacial warming. In contrast, gentle terrain over long distances implies weak connectivity to the lowland and thus resulted in a strong migration lag at Lake Ximen. Likewise, terrain differences among our sites defined the different connectivity to alpine refugia during late‐Holocene cooling. Our consistent proxy‐ and model‐based results, for the first time, indicate that dispersal related migration lags in complex mountain terrain lead to uneven vegetation trajectories at sites with similar climatic conditions mainly because of differences in connectivity to refugia. Ultimately our results indicate that connectivity to refugia is a first‐order factor for species migration in addition to elevation‐related climatic conditions shaping the postglacial vegetation trajectory in mountainous terrain. This has hitherto largely been ignored when forecasting mountain vegetation responses to climate change and related risk assessment.
Data‐Aggregation‐Aware Energy‐Efficient in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Multi‐Stream General Adversarial Network
Authors: Karunkuzhali D. , Pradeep S. , Sungheetha Akey , Basha T. S. Ghouse 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe lifetime of a wireless sensor network (WSN) can be impacted by the energy consumption of the routing protocol, because small sensor nodes are typically hard to recharge after deployment. Generally, data aggregation is employed to decrease the data redundancy and save energy at each node in a WSN. Traditional routing protocols frequently fall short of handling the complexities of data aggregation while getting energy efficient. In this paper, Optimized Multi‐Stream General Adversarial Network espoused Data‐Aggregation‐Aware Energy‐Efficient Routing Protocol for WSN (MSGAN‐RPOA‐DAA‐EERP) is proposed. Here, Multi‐Stream General Adversarial Network (MSGAN) is used for routing protocol. Then the Red Panda Optimization algorithm (RPOA) is proposed to optimize the MSGAN to increase the network lifetime of WSN. The proposed model is used to maximize the parameters such as data aggregation, communication energy and node residual energy. The proposed MSGAN‐RPOA‐DAA‐EERP method attains 20.28%, 27.91% and 17.53% lower energy consumption when compared to the existing methods, like Energy‐efficient cross‐layer‐basis opportunistic routing protocol and partially informed sparse autoencoder for data transfer in WSN (EECOP‐PIAS‐WSN), Improved buffalo optimized deep feed forward neural learning dependent multiple path routing for energy efficient data accumulation (IBO‐DFFNL‐EEDA), Effective communication in WSN utilizing optimized energy efficient engroove leach clustering protocol (EC‐WSN‐EEELCP) respectively.
Cancer‐Derived Extracellular Vesicle ITGB2 Promotes the Progression of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer via the Activation of Cancer‐Associated Fibroblasts
Authors: Fan Jingjing , Sha Tong , Ma Binlin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBreast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and a leading cause of death among women globally, posing a significant public health challenge. Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive subtype accounting for 15–20% of all breast cancers, lacks targeted therapies due to the absence of hormone receptors and HER2, resulting in poor prognosis and high recurrence rates. This study investigates the role of cancer‐derived extracellular vesicle (EV) integrin beta‐2 (ITGB2) in TNBC progression. These findings reveal that ITGB2 is significantly overexpressed in TNBC tissues and serum EVs, correlating with advanced tumor stages and poor patient survival. ITGB2 enhances TNBC progression by activating cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor growth, migration, and invasion. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that EV ITGB2 facilitates CAF activation, driving tumor‐stroma interactions that support TNBC progression. These results highlight ITGB2 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in TNBC, emphasizing the need for novel interventions to combat this challenging breast cancer subtype.