bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Dynamic Image Simulation Based on Optical Sensor Networks in Optimizing the Quality of Physical Education Course Videos
Authors: Lv Dongwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
With the development of video physical education course management simulation, in order to improve the quality of video transmission, this study proposes a video transmission technology based on optical flow estimation network. Firstly, an optical flow estimation network model is established, which can automatically extract optical flow information from input video and estimate object motion by analyzing pixel displacement between successive images. Then, according to the optical flow information, the video frame is repaired and compensated to reduce the information loss and quality degradation in video transmission. The experimental results show that the video transmission technology based on optical flow estimation network can significantly improve the quality and stability of video. Compared with the traditional video transmission method, this technology has better adaptability and robustness in the case of low network bandwidth or network congestion, and provides high quality and stable video transmission, which provides strong support for the application of distance education and sports course management simulation.
Gait analysis of athletes based on fiber optic sensors and computer vision algorithms
Authors: Liu Nina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Walking may seem simple, but it actually involves complex control processes. Walking is accomplished through a series of collaborative operations, including coordinated control, balance control, central command, and various other physiological mechanisms. When problems arise between these links, it may cause abnormal gait or motor injury. Gait analysis of athletes can help coaches and medical personnel evaluate their athletic skills and physical health. Therefore, this article aims to develop an effective athlete gait analysis method based on fiber optic sensors and computer vision algorithms. Fiber optic sensors capture subtle changes in athletes' gait by measuring the changes in optical signals in the fiber optic. The collected gait data includes parameters such as stride length, stride frequency, and gait phase. Step length refers to the distance traveled during a walk, providing detailed information about an athlete's gait and helping to evaluate their athletic skills and physical health. Using computer vision algorithms to process and analyze the collected gait data, accurate gait parameters are obtained for identifying athletes' walking patterns and identifying abnormal gait.
The Clinical Characteristics, Treatment and Prognosis of Tuberculosis-associated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Protocol for a Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study in China
Authors: Jiang Zhihan , Dai Yingying , Chang Jing , Xiang Pingchao , Liang Zhenyu , Yin Yan , Shen Yongchun , Wang Ruiying , Qiongda Bianba , Chu Hongling , Li Nan , Gai Xiaoyan , Liang Ying , Sun Yongchang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Both tuberculosis and COPD are major public health problems and pulmonary tuberculosis has been confirmed as an important risk factor for COPD. Tuberculosis participates in the development of COPD through distinctive pathophysiological mechanisms. Tuberculosis-associated COPD is a unique phenotype of COPD and may have distinct characteristics compared to COPD patients without previous tuberculosis history. The precise definition, clinical characteristics, prognosis and optimal pharmacologic intervention of tuberculosis-associated COPD warrant further investigation.
Methods
This multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study will recruit more than 135 tuberculosis-associated COPD and 405 non-tuberculosis-associated COPD patients aged 35 years or older from 7 tertiary hospitals across mainland China. Diagnosis of tuberculosis-associated COPD is made if any of the following criteria is met: (1) previously definite pulmonary tuberculosis and ever receiving standard antituberculosis therapy; (2) previously suspected pulmonary tuberculosis and having typical radiological findings consistent with tuberculosis sequelae; (3) no definite history of pulmonary tuberculosis but having positive results of interferon gamma release assays accompanied with typical radiological signs. Demographic data, medical history related to COPD, respiratory questionnaires, blood routine examination, interferon gamma release assays, therapeutic regimen, lung function and chest CT will be collected at baseline. Patients will be followed up for 1 year and evaluated at outpatient every 6 months to record the longitudinal changes of symptoms, treatment regimen, lung function and frequency of exacerbation and hospitalization due to COPD. Furthermore, patients can consult their physicians whenever their symptoms get worse. Chest CT and total medical expenditure will be additionally assessed in the last outpatient visit. The study has been approved by Peking University Third Hospital Medical Science Research Ethics Committee (approval number: IRB00006761-M2023573).
Discussion
This study will provide a detailed characteristic profile of tuberculosis-associated COPD and propose potential treatment options for this specific patient group.
Trial registration
Registration number in ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06074042
Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Results and Early Period Complications of Conventional Circumcision Techniques(CCT) and Thermocautery Assisted Circumcision(TAC)
Authors: Kalyenci Bedreddin , Benlioglu Can , Ölçücü Mahmut Taha , Teke Kerem , sever Sait , Çift Ali , Yücel Mehmet Özgür 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the clinical outcomes and early postoperative complications linked to four different circumcision techniques. The objective is to emphasize the distinctive aspects of these circumcision techniques by categorizing the associated complications using the Clavien-Dindo classification system (CDCS).
Methods
7041 circumcised patients were scanned and examined in 4 groups according to the technique applied: Dorsal slit (DS), sleeve resection (SV), forceps-guided (FG), and thermocautery-assisted circumcision (TAC). Surgery time, anesthesia technique, number of sutures, recovery time, bleeding, edema and infection parameters were compared. Complications were classified based on the modified CDCS.
Results
Surgery time was 4.7 minutes (range of 4.5–5.2), bleeding(hematoma) with 7 cases (0.3%) and number of sutures with 5 sutures (range of 4–7) was statistically significantly lower in the TAC (p < 0.001). Recovery time with 5 days (range of 5–7) and incidence of edema was longer in TAC compared to FG, DS and SR (p < 0.001). Additionally, the recovery time of the SV group was statistically significantly shorter than the FG and DS groups (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the surgical techniques in CDCS.
Conclusion
TAC exhibits advantages over other techniques regarding bleeding and a shorter procedure time. However, it also comes with disadvantages, such as postoperative edema and a longer recovery time.
Circulating Levels of Neurofilament Light Chain as a Biomarker of Infarct and White Matter Hyperintensity Volumes After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Holmegaard Lukas , Jensen Christer , Pedersen Annie , Blomstrand Christian , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Jood Katarina , Jern Christina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Serum neurofilament light chain protein (sNfL) shows promise as a biomarker for infarct size in acute ischemic stroke and monitoring diffuse cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). However, distinguishing the cSVD contribution after stroke may not be possible due to post-stroke sNfL increase. Furthermore, it remains unclear if etiologic subtype differences exist. We measured infarct and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes using MRI at the index stroke and 7-year follow-up in 316 ischemic stroke patients (mean age 53 years, 65% males). Serum NfL concentration was measured in the acute and convalescent phases, and at 7-year follow-up. In multivariable regression, acute and convalescent sNfL concentration was associated with infarct volume and time since stroke, but not with stroke etiology or infarct location. In long-term follow-up, sNfL was associated with WMHs and age, but not with stroke etiology. Nonlinear regression estimated that sNfL peaks around 1 month, and declines by 50% at 3 months and 99% at 9 months. We conclude that sNfL can serve as an indicator of infarct volume and elapsed time since brain injury in the acute and convalescent phases after stroke. Due to the significant post-stroke sNfL increase, several months are needed for reliable assessment of diffuse cSVD activity.
GFSNet: Gaussian Fourier with Sparse Attention Network for Visual Question Answering
Authors: Shen Xiang , Han Dezhi , Chang Chin-Chen Chang , Oad Ammar , Wu Huafeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A profound understanding and reasoning of the relationship between images and question are crucial in Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks. However, traditional self-attention mechanisms exhibit limitations , primarily confined to spatial domain modeling of images, lacking 20 the capability to adequately model and analyze visual information at different scales in the frequency domain. Additionally, the traditional self-attention-based image feature modeling introduces noise when capturing long-distance dependencies, causing the model to overly focus on irrelevant details, thereby reducing robustness. To address these issues, 25 this paper proposes a novel Gaussian Fourier with Sparse Attention Network (GFSNet). GFSNet utilizes Fourier transform techniques to represent image attention weights obtained through self-attention in the frequency domain, facilitating the effective modeling of different scale information by analyzing attention weights in the frequency domain. 30 Recognizing that different scale information in images often manifests as distinct frequency components, the model can better capture and 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template Gaussian Fourier with Sparse Attention Network for VQA adapt to the complex structures and correlations of these various scale details. To mitigate high-frequency noise in the frequency domain, we design an adaptive Gaussian filter to effectively suppress or filter noise in 35 the images. Finally, a novel sparse attention mechanism is introduced to select optimized key frequency domain features. This enables the model to more effectively focus on critical image regions, reducing the processing of irrelevant or redundant information, while enhancing interpretability and robustness. The proposed GFSNet model aims to achieve effective 40 modeling of visual information at different scales without increasing model parameters or altering computational complexity. Extensive experiments on the VQAv2 and GQA benchmark datasets unequivocally demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the GFSNet approach. Source code is available at https://github.com/shenxiang-vqa/GFSNet.
Fpga Based Hardware Entertained Light Weight Self Attention Deep Learning Framework for Better Classification of Ecg Signals
Authors: Selvan V. Ponniyin , A. Poojaa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
High Speed Extreme learning networks (HSELN) achieve the two-fold challenges such as (i) reducing the complexity in deep learning algorithms without comprising the diagnosis performance and (ii) sustaining the performance of wearable devices suitable for the continuous monitoring of ECG signals. In order to improve resource constraint factors like lower latency, lower utilization, and energy efficiency, the article also focuses on the deployment of deep learning algorithms utilizing Hardware-Software Co-design techniques. Utilizing a variety of ECG datasets for the extended testing and validating it with the ten-cross validation method. Additionally, the suggested method is implemented in multiple Zynq-SoC families, and variables like utilization, latency, and power are computed and compared to numerous current hardware-centric deep learning architectures. Experimentation demonstrates that the proposed deep learning architecture has shown its excellence in diagnosing the ECG signals and proves to be avital solution for deploying in wearable devices.
The genetic diversity of Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni, intermediate hosts Schistosome japonicum in hilly regions of China using microsatellite markers
Authors: Song Jing , Wang Hongqiong , Li Shizhu , Du Chunhong , Qian Peijun , Wang Wenya , Shen Meifen , Zhang Zongya , Zhou Jihua , Zhang Yun , Li Chunying , Hao Yuwan , Dong Yi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The elimination of schistosomiasis remains a challenging task, with current measures primarily focused on the monitoring and control of Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis) snail, the sole intermediate host Schistosome japonicum. Given the emerging, re-emerging, and persistent habitats of snails, a study on the genetic diversity of snails might be an essential.
Objective
The aims of this study were to (1) analyze the genetic diversity of O. hupensis robertsoni Yunnan strain (O. h. r. Yunnan strain) using microsatellite DNA markers; and (2) validate the applicability of previously identified microsatellite loci for O. hupensis in hilly regions.
Methods
A total of 17 populations of O. hupensis from Yunnan Province in China were selected for analysis of genetic diversity by 6 microsatellite DNA polymorphic loci (i.e., P82, P84, T4-22, T5-11, T5-13, T6-27).
Results
the number of alleles among populations ranged from 0 to 19, with an average of 5. The average ranges of expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosity within populations were 0.506 to 0.761 and 0.443 to 0.792, respectively. The average fixation index within population ranged from − 0.801 to 0.211. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) within population ranged from 0.411 to 0.757, appearing polymorphic for all loci (all PIC > 0.5), except for P28 and P48. A total of 68 loci showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.05), and pairwise Fst values ranged from 0.051 to 0.379. The analysis of molecular variance indicated that 88% of the variation exists within snail populations, while 12% exists among snail populations. Phylogenetic trees and principal coordinate analysis revealed two distinct clusters within the snail population, corresponding to "Yunnan North" and "Yunnan South".
Conclusion
O. h. r. Yunnan strain exhibits a relatively high level of genetic differentiation, with variation chiefly existing within snail populations. All snail could be separated into two clusters. The microsatellite loci P82 and P84 may not be suitable for the classification study of O. hupensis in hilly regions. These findings provide the important information for monitoring and control of snail, and further genetic diversity studies on snail populations.
Postoperative radiotherapy improves disease-free survival of EGFR wild-type pN2 non-squamous- cell non-small-cell lung cancer (Nsq-NSCLC) patients after complete resection: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Liu Yunsong , Men Yu , Yang Xu , Sun Shuang , Bao Yongxing , Ma Zeliang , Wang Yang , Zhai Yirui , Wang Jianyang , Deng Lei , Wang Wenqing , Bi Nan , Wang Luhua , Hui Zhouguang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: The ADAURA study indicated that adjuvant TKI therapy improves survival in postoperative patients with EGFR-mutated (EGFRm) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in stage III disease. However, the effect of PORT for stage III (N2) NSCLC with different EGFR statuses remains unclear, which we aimed to investigate in the present study.
Methods: Between 2006 and 2019, consecutive patients with pN2 non-squamous cell NSCLC (Nsq-NSCLC) after complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy or EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) who had detection of EGFR status were retrospectively analyzed. PORT was administered using IMRT at 2 Gy per fraction with a total dose of 50 Gy over 5 weeks. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to EGFR status and treatment: EGFR wild-type (EGFRwt) PORT group, EGFRwt non-PORT group, EGFRm PORT group, and EGFRm non-PORT group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compensate for differences in baseline characteristics. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to evaluate disease-free survival (DFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS).
Results: A total of 566 patients were enrolled: 90 in the EGFRwt PORT group, 154 in the EGFRwt non-PORT group, 111 in the EGFRm PORT group, and 211 in the EGFRm non-PORT group. After PSM, the median DFS in the EGFRwt PORT group versus the EGFRwt non-PORT group were 33.9 versus 17.2 months (HR 0.62, 95%CI 0.417-0.920, P=0.017). In EGFRwt groups, PORT also improved LRFS (HR 0.58, 95%CI 0.34-0.99, P=0.042) and DMFS (HR 0.649, 95%CI 0.43-0.98, P=0.038). In EGFRm groups, PORT only improved LRFS (HR 0.50, 95%CI 0.30-0.85, P=0.009), with no significant difference in DFS or DMFS between the PORT and non-PORT groups.
Conclusion: For patients with completely resected pN2 Nsq-NSCLC receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, PORT can improve DFS in EGFRwt patients but not in EGFRm patients. Randomized clinical trials are needed for validation.
Formation kinetics and optoelectronic parameters of CdSe (NPs) addition to Nonionic Surfactant as a factor influencing the corrosion inhibition potential of Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Nabil M. , fouad s.s , Easawi K. , Abdelhamed Samar , Allah Mohamed Deef 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In the present study, CdSe Nanoparticles (NPs) as a corrosion inhibitor factor, has been added in small concentration (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 wt%) to nonionic surfactant to formulate CdSe/Surfactant nanocomposite (NCs) for industrial applications. The chemistry between CdSe (NPs) and surfactant, is a new class of corrosion inhibitors that are environmentally acceptable under various condition. The inhibition effect towards corrosion was investigated by using structural integrity and optical properties. The structural characterization was carried out by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Surface Tension Measurements (CMC), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), UV–Vis Spectrophotometer and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The corresponding dielectric functions (DF) are discussed in the light of the optoelectrical parameters and dispersion parameters. The strong sorption ability of the CdSe (NPs)/Surfactant, resulting in the creation of a monolayer, which isolate the Carbon steel (CS) surface from the environment and hence reduces the corrosion attack on the surface and increase the absorption process as well. The values of the inhibition efficiencies (IE%), was explained in terms of the weight Loss, relevant electrochemical parameters, and charge transfer resistances. The values of (IE%) in this study, showed that it inhibits the (CS) corrosion when immersed in HCL solution to some appreciable extent, and is strongly dependent on the increase of the CdSe (NPS)percent. This work investigates and illustrate a way for the future development of higher performance of corrosion inhibitors.
A multicenter study of clinical outcomes and volumetric trends in suspected microprolactinomas
Authors: Hong Christopher S. , Chabros Jeremy , Kilgallon John , Gerstl Jakob , Drexler Richard , Flitsch Jörg , Ricklefs Franz L. , Ryba Alice S. , Mazzatenta Diego , Guaraldi Federica , Corrales Carleton E. , Min Le , Smith Timothy R. , Omara Chady 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The diagnosis of pituitary microprolactinomas is often obscured by relatively low levels of elevated prolactin compared to macroprolactinomas. This may lead to varying patterns of medical therapy versus observation. We sought to correlate prolactin levels in suspected microprolactinomas with tumor volumes and clinical outcomes.
Methods
This was a multicenter retrospective study of patients with pituitary microadenomas with baseline prolactin levels > 18ng/ml for males and > 30ng/ml for females. A linear-mixed model was used to depict changes in tumor volume over time.
Results
There were 65 patients with a mean tumor volume of 95.9mm3 and mean prolactin level of 59.4ng/ml. There were significantly higher prolactin levels in patients with tumors above the mean volume versus below (74.0 versus 53.4ng/ml, p = 0.027). 26 patients were observed, 31 were treated with anti-dopaminergic therapy, and 8 had surgery. There were significantly greater baseline prolactin levels for patients who were treated surgically (mean 86.4ng/ml) than those treated medically (mean 61.7g/ml) or observed (mean 48.5ng/ml) (p = 0.02). Among the 26 patients who were surveilled, 13 patients demonstrated spontaneous tumor shrinkage, 12 remained stable, and 1 patient’s tumor grew but was lost to follow-up. Linear mixed modeling demonstrated a statistically significant rate of tumor shrinkage over time of 3.67mm3/year (p = 0.03). When analyzing patients who were observed versus those requiring surgery after initially being surveilled, there were significantly greater baseline PRL/volume ratios in surgical patients versus those observed (8.1 ng/ml/mm3 versus 2.4 ng/ml/mm3, p = 0.025).
Conclusions
Suspected microprolactinomas may demonstrate more convincingly elevated prolactin levels when measuring over 95.9mm3. Tumors with baseline prolactin levels over 50ng/ml may be more inclined to undergo medical treatment. In tumors with levels below 50ng/ml, it may be reasonable to undergo surveillance as these tumors tend to spontaneously shrink over time. In tumors that are surveilled, an elevated baseline PRL/volume ratio of > 8 ng/ml/mm3 may be indicate serial tumor growth that may necessitate medical and/or surgical intervention.
Financial Accessibility and Interest Rates in the Informal Credit Market in India
Authors: Briones Lissette , Chiseliov Victoria , Gushchin Evgeny , Guttesen Jon , Narayanaswamy Kannan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper studies the impact of new bank branch openings on the lending rates in the informal credit market in India. The implementation of a bank branch expansion policy in India after 2005 is used as exogenous variation in a Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD). The response of informal interest rates is compared between treated and control districts. We find that, after 5 years of the imple- mentation of the policy, the annual lending rates in the informal credit market fell by about 24%. To identify the channels, we attempt to decompose the effects of multiple factors and find that competition between the banks and informal lenders would explain a significant share of this fall. Thus, we conclude that opening of new bank branches poses a strong threat to the market power of the moneylenders which drives down the interest rates.
Laser Surface Texturing in Graphite Cast Iron for Reduction of Friction and Wear: Effect of Dimple Density
Authors: Ju Won-Song , Kim Chol-Hyon , Han Kuk-Song , Yun Tu-Hon , Ro Kwang-Il , Ho Kwang-Myong , Rim Kum-Chol 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Laser surface texturing has become a promising technique to improve tribological performance by creating controllable patterns at surfaces. By means of laser surface texturing, it is able to change local topography and microstructure of materials. In order to improve surface properties of graphite cast iron for piston ring-liner contact interface, we created a surface texturing on specimens using nanosecond fiber laser with high density of dimple. The results show that the friction and wear were reduced for all the textured samples as compared to an untextured sample. For a sample with intermediate dimple density, the friction coefficient stayed lowest in comparison with others until the dimples wore out from the surface.