bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Homogeneous Multiplexed System‐a New Method for Autoantibody Profile in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Zandman-Goddard Gisele , Gilburd Boris , Shovman Ora , Blank Miri , Berdichevski Svetlana , Langevitz Pnina , Shoenfeld Yehuda 
Published: September 2005

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi‐systemic autoimmune
disease leading to immunological aberrations and excessive multiple autoantibody
production. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of
multiple autoantibodies in SLE patients utilizing the multiplex system method.We analyzed the presence of elevated titers of anti‐Ro, anti‐La, anti‐RNP,
anti‐Sm, anti‐Jo1, anti‐centromere, anti‐Scl‐70, anti‐histone, and anti‐dsDNA
antibodies in 199 serum samples (113 SLE patients, 86 healthy donors). We
compared the type, level and number of autoantibodies and the correlation
between
the autoantibody profile and disease severity utilizing the SLEDAI score.Elevated titers of at least one autoantibody were detected in 48% of 42 SLE
patients. Elevated titers of anti‐Ro antibodies were most commonly detected. The
distribution of specific autoantibodies was: anti‐Ro‐ 23.8%, anti‐dsDNA‐ 19%,
anti‐histone‐ 19%, anti‐RNP‐ 14.2%, anti‐La antibodies‐ 11.9%, anti‐Sm‐ 7.1%,
anti‐Scl 70‐4.7%, and anti‐centromere‐ 2.4%. Utilizing ROC analysis, the sensitivity
and specificity of anti‐DNA antibodies at a cutoff value of 34 IU/ml were 87.1% and
79.4% respectively. Elevated titers of anti‐Jo1 antibody were not detected. There
was a correlation with the titer of anti‐Ro antibodies and disease activity by the
SLEDAI score. Seven patients harbored one autoantibody only, 15 patients
harbored 2‐3 autoantibodies, 3 patients harbored 4‐5 autoantibodies, and one
patient harbored 6 autoantibodies. A correlation between the number of
autoantibodies per patient and disease severity was found. One patient with
a multitude of
autoantibodies had severe lupus and a myriad of clinical manifestations.In conclusion, the multiplex system is specific and sensitive, provides
an autoantibody profile in a single test, and may be useful as a diagnostic
test for SLE. Elevated anti‐Ro antibodies are associated with
severe disease. An autoantibody load may be indicative of more severe disease.
Caesarean section following the Fontan procedure: two different deliveries and different anaesthetic choices in the same patient
Authors: Eid L. , Ginosar Y. , Elchalal U. , Pollak A. , Weiniger C. F. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe Fontan procedure is performed for patients with a hypoplastic right ventricle, and pregnancies following this palliative surgery are likely to increase. We present a parturient with the Fontan physiology who successfully underwent two consecutive caesarean deliveries; the first under general anaesthesia for emergency surgery and the second under regional anaesthesia for elective surgery. We suggest that pregnancy and delivery do not typically adversely affect maternal cardiac status in these patients. Attention must be paid, however, to fetal loss, prematurity, growth retardation and associated cardiac congenital malformations for which insufficient data exist in the literature in this patient population.
Transient paralysis after administration of a single dose of cyclizine
Authors: Sandhu S. , Clarke T. N. S. , Greaves D. , Ryan D. W. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryTwo patients with underlying neuromuscular disorders developed varying degrees of paralysis after a single dose of cyclizine, one necessitating full mechanical ventilation. These cases appear to be unique in the literature and represent an increasing spectrum of adverse reactions seen with the greater use of cyclizine.
An unusual case of early fulminant post‐traumatic fat embolism syndrome
Authors: Huber‐Lang M. , Brinkmann A. , Straeter J. , Beck A. , Gauss A. , Gebhard F. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryA multiple‐injured patient developed a very early onset fulminant fat embolism syndrome that was partially masked by haemorrhagic shock. Despite early diagnosis by transoesophageal echocardiography and aggressive symptomatic treatment, there was a rapid evolution to death. Post mortem examination revealed the presence of both pulmonary and systemic fat emboli. This case highlights the ever present risk of masked fat embolism syndrome shortly after trauma.
Outer diameter and shape of paediatric tracheal tube cuffs at higher inflation pressures
Authors: Bernet V. , Dullenkopf A. , Maino P. , Weiss M. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryCuffed tracheal tubes are becoming increasingly popular in paediatric anaesthesia and intensive care medicine. To avoid cuff related complications and airway morbidity, a thorough understanding of cuff volume/pressure behaviour and management is required. In this study, the outer cuff diameter and form stability of the cuff at high cuff pressure were assessed in a series of different paediatric cuffed tracheal tubes with internal diameter of between 3.0 and 5.0 mm. The main findings were that small amounts of inflated air led to a rapid increase in cuff pressure and volume and that the outer cuff diameters increased to 2–2.5 times the age‐corresponding internal tracheal diameter following inadvertent syringe inflation. Careful cuff inflation under cuff pressure monitoring and/or automatic cuff pressure release is recommended in paediatric tracheal tube cuffs to prevent airway damage caused by manual inflation, pilot balloon compression and nitrous oxide diffusion.
Drag coefficients of stream bryophytes: experimental determinations and ecological significance
Authors: Suren Alastair M. , Smart Graeme M. , Smith Rob A. , Brown Stephanie L. R. 
Published: September 2005

1. Drag coefficients (CD) of bryophyte‐covered rocks were measured to see whether these differed between species. Replicate rocks, each supporting one of six bryophyte taxa, were attached to a base plate mounted on Teflon bearings in a flow tank. The drag force exerted on rocks with and without bryophyte material was measured by a strain gauge at different water velocities.

2. The difference in CD between rocks with and without bryophyte material was calculated for each plant, and expressed as a percentage change (δCD). This varied significantly from 0 in three of the six taxa. The cushion‐shaped moss Bryum blandum increased the CD by around 10%. The moss Blindia lewinskyae and liverwort Cryptochila grandiflora decreased the CD by around 40 and 30%, respectively, presumably reflecting their streamlined growth.  3. Drag characteristics of aquatic bryophytes may help explain differences in their resistance to fast flows. Furthermore, we suggest that some aquatic bryophytes can increase substrate stability by streamlining rocks, rendering them less prone to movement.
The R1 resistance gene cluster contains three groups of independently evolving, type I R1 homologues and shows substantial structural variation among haplotypes of Solanum demissum
Authors: Kuang Hanhui , Wei Fusheng , Marano María Rosa , Wirtz Uwe , Wang Xiaoxue , Liu Jia , Shum Wai Pun , Zaborsky Jennifer , Tallon Luke J. , Rensink Willem , Lobst Stacey , Zhang Peifen , Tornqvist Carl‐Erik , Tek Ahmet , Bamberg John , Helgeson John , Fry William , You Frank , Luo Ming‐Cheng , Jiang Jiming , Robin Buell C. , Baker Barbara 
Published: September 2005

SummaryCultivated and wild potatoes contain a major disease‐resistance cluster on the short arm of chromosome V, including the R1 resistance (R) gene against potato late blight. To explore the functional and evolutionary significance of clustering in the generation of novel disease‐resistance genes, we constructed three approximately 1 Mb physical maps in the R1 gene region, one for each of the three genomes (haplotypes) of allohexaploid Solanum demissum, the wild potato progenitor of the R1 locus. Totals of 691, 919 and 559 kb were sequenced for each haplotype, and three distinct resistance‐gene families were identified, one homologous to the potato R1 gene and two others homologous to either the Prf or the Bs4 R‐gene of tomato. The regions with R1 homologues are highly divergent among the three haplotypes, in contrast to the conserved flanking non‐resistance gene regions. The R1 locus shows dramatic variation in overall length and R1 homologue number among the three haplotypes. Sequence comparisons of the R1 homologues show that they form three distinct clades in a distance tree. Frequent sequence exchanges were detected among R1 homologues within each clade, but not among those in different clades. These frequent sequence exchanges homogenized the intron sequences of homologues within each clade, but did not homogenize the coding sequences. Our results suggest that the R1 homologues represent three independent groups of fast‐evolving type I resistance genes, characterized by chimeric structures resulting from frequent sequence exchanges among group members. Such genes were first identified among clustered RGC2 genes in lettuce, where they were distinguished from slow‐evolving type II R‐genes. Our findings at the R1 locus in S. demissum may indicate that a common or similar mechanism underlies the previously reported differentiation of type I and type II R‐genes and the differentiation of type I R‐genes into distinct groups, identified here.
Evaluation of non‐specific effects of infant immunizations on early infant mortality in a southern Indian population
Authors: Moulton Lawrence H. , Rahmathullah Lakshmi , Halsey Neal A. , Thulasiraj R. D. , Katz Joanne , Tielsch James M. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryObjective  The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between receipt of routine childhood immunizations and infant mortality before 6 months of age.Methods  This was an observational study of 10 274 infants, in a randomized trial of vitamin A supplementation, who received the study dose and survived to at least 1 week of age. The primary outcome was mortality before 6 months of age, analysed in Cox regression models as a function of vaccine receipt and gender.Results  Receipt of Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) or diphtheria, tetanus, polio (DTP) vaccine was associated with significant reductions of one‐half to two‐thirds of mortality hazards; among girls, those who received both BCG and DTP experienced higher mortality than those who received only one of the two vaccines (hazards ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval 1.2–5.0).Conclusion  The reduced mortality rate associated with receipt of BCG or DTP may be due to both biological and selection factors; the analyses regarding the combined effect of these vaccines and gender need to be replicated in other settings.
Orobanche crenata resistance and avoidance in pea (Pisum spp.) operate at different developmental stages of the parasite
Authors: PÉREZ‐DE‐LUQUE A , JORRÍN J , CUBERO J I , RUBIALES D 
Published: September 2005

Summary Orobanche crenata (broomrape) is an important constraint to pea (Pisum sativum) cultivation in the Mediterranean area, because little resistance is available in commercial crop varieties. Field experiments have demonstrated that some resistance is present in a number of P. sativum and P. fulvum accessions. The goal of this work was to characterize such resistance. The Pisum–O. crenata interaction and the resistance symptoms were studied under controlled conditions by using Petri dish and polyethylene bag assays. The content of phenolics and peroxidase activity in host tissue from infected and non‐infected plants were also measured. Resistance and avoidance mechanisms, acting at different developmental stages of the parasite, have been identified, including low stimulation of O. crenata seed germination, unsuccessful penetration of host roots, delay in post‐attachment tubercle development and necrosis of the attached tubercles. Infection caused an increase in the content of total soluble phenolics in some Pisum genotypes. Peroxidase activity was higher in resistant than in susceptible accessions. Results obtained with different Pisum genotypes showed that resistance is the result of several mechanisms acting at different stages of the infection process. Resistance is also related to increased levels of peroxidase activity in host roots.
Quality versus quantity: spring wheat seed size and seeding rate effects on Avena fatua interference, economic returns and economic thresholds
Authors: STOUGAARD R N , XUE Q 
Published: September 2005

SummaryA 3‐year field experiment was conducted at Kalispell, Montana, USA, to investigate the effects of spring wheat seed size and seeding rate on wheat yield loss (YL), economic returns and economic thresholds (ETs), as a function of Avena fatua density. Crop competitive ability increased as wheat seeding rate and seed size increased, with the greatest differences among treatment factors being observed at low weed densities. Both treatment factors decreased spring wheat YL, increasing economic returns during all 3 years of the study despite the higher associated seed costs. Averaged over all other factors, adjusted gross returns (AGR) were 477 and 537$ ha−1 for the low and high seeding rates, while values of 453, 521 and 547$ ha−1 were obtained for the small, bulk and large seed size classes respectively. Weed‐free yield potential varied yearly. As yield potential increased, A. fatua competitive effects were more evident and ETs decreased. Nonetheless, both treatment factors increased ETs in 2 of 3 years. These results demonstrate that the use of higher seeding rates and larger seed size classes both improve wheat competitive ability towards A. fatua while simultaneously increasing economic returns.
Germination characteristics of Amaranthus quitensis as affected by seed production date and duration of burial
Authors: FACCINI D , VITTA J I 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThermal requirements for the germination of Amaranthus quitensis, a common annual weed in Argentina, were studied. In addition, temporal changes in dormancy from seeds produced at different times during the growing season were examined. For this second objective, thermal and light requirements for germination were tested in seeds buried at different depths, with or without crop residues. Base and optimum temperatures for germination rates were 12.8°C and 37°C respectively. At dispersal time, maximum percentage germination was 60–70% and this was generally recorded at 35°C/25°C in a 14‐h photoperiod. Seed germination tended to increase in later seed collection dates. Seeds of A. quitensis showed seasonal changes in germinability in the soil. In winter, germination of retrieved seeds increased to over 90% until summer, after which there was a decrease until the following winter when germination was close to 40%. There were no differences in germinability between burial depths and crop residue levels. Germination requirements for alternating temperatures and light tended to disappear after burial. Initial viability was 99% and declined slightly during burial. Soil temperature seems to play a crucial role not only by regulating seasonal changes in dormancy, but also by defining the percentage and the germination rate in non‐dormant seeds.
Concentration‐controlled use of sirolimus associated with reduced exposure of cyclosporine in black recipients of primarily living renal allograft donors: 12‐month results
Authors: Ferreira Alexandra N , Machado Paula G , Felipe Cláudia R , Motegi Sofia A , Hosaka Beatriz H , Tanaka Márcia K , Kamura Luciana A , Park Sung I , Garcia Riberto , Franco Marcello , Alfieri Fernando , Casarini Dulci E , Tedesco‐Silva Hélio , Medina‐Pestana José O 
Published: September 2005

Abstract: Aim: This study was designed to identify optimal therapeutic sirolimus (SRL) concentrations in black kidney transplant recipients on reduced cyclosporine (CsA) exposure and prednisone.Methods: Seventy patients (64 living/six deceased) received CsA (8–10 mg/kg/d), prednisone, and 15 mg loading dose followed by 5‐mg fixed doses of SRL till day 7 when they were randomized to maintain SRL trough concentrations (high‐performance liquid chromatography) of 8–12 (GI = 34) or 15–20 (GII = 36) ng/mL.Results: Mean CsA concentrations were 109 ± 53 vs. 89 ± 41 ng/mL and 75 ± 54 vs. 60 ± 35 ng/mL (ns) at 2 and 6 months. Accordingly, mean SRL trough concentrations were 12.4 ± 6.1 vs. 20.0 ± 9.5 ng/mL (p < 0.001) and 10.8 ± 5.8 vs. 18.0 ± 6.1 ng/mL (p < 0.001). The incidence of biopsy‐proven acute rejection [13% (GI: 18% vs. GII: 8%, ns)], graft loss or death was 16% (GI: 21% vs. GII: 11%, ns]. There were no deaths and three graft losses (GI = 1; GII = 2). Creatinine clearance was higher in GI (64.5 ± 17 vs. 54.4 ± 14.7 mL/min, p = 0.011). The incidence of post‐transplant diabetes mellitus was 13% and no CMV disease was observed.Conclusion: In black recipients of primarily living renal allograft donors reduced CsA exposure and SRL concentration‐controlled regimens produced low incidences of acute rejection, post‐transplant diabetes mellitus and CMV disease, with no significant impairment in graft function.
Long term efficacy of simvastatin in renal transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine or tacrolimus
Authors: Imamura Ryoichi , Ichimaru Naotsugu , Moriyama Toshiki , Shi Yi , Namba Yukiomi , Nonomura Norio , Matsumiya Kiyomi , Toki Kiyohide , Takahara Shiro , Okuyama Akihiko 
Published: September 2005

Abstract:  Background:  Hyperlipidemia is frequently developed following renal transplantation and results in worsening of the patient's prognosis.Methods:  In this study, 14 patients who had hypercholesterolemia [total cholesterol (TC) >200 mg/dL] and hypertriglyceridemia [triglyceride (TG) >150 mg/dL] 1 month after renal transplantation (post‐transplantation), seven patients each under the treatment with immunosuppressant, either cyclosporine or tacrolimus started simvastatin treatment of 5–10 mg/d and continued the treatment for 4 yr. The effect of simvastatin treatment was assessed by comparison in serum lipid levels (TC, TG, cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions, and apolipoproteins) and the lipid metabolism related enzyme activities for post‐transplantation, after 6‐month and 4‐yr simvastatin treatment.Results:  Simvastatin treatment of 4 yr significantly decreased the elevated levels of serum TC from 234.5 ± 30.8 to 186.3 ± 20.5 mg/dL (p < 0.001), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) from116.7 ± 22.5 to 82.7 ± 16.6 mg/dL (p < 0.05) and TG from 200.3 ± 109.2 to 97.0 ± 45.2 mg/dL (p < 0.001). In addition, there were significant decreases in elevated serum very‐low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL‐C) from 47.8 ± 18.4 to 28.6 ± 9.5 mg/dL (p < 0.001) and LDL2 cholesterol (LDL2‐C) from 20.8 ± 8.2 to 5.7 ± 1.8 mg/dL (p < 0.001).Conclusion:  The results indicate that 4‐yr treatment of simvastatin improves profiles of the atherogenic lipids in renal transplant patients with immunosuppressant caused hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia treated either cyclosporine or tacrolimus in similar manner.
Surgical management of spinal disease in renal recipients
Authors: Yoon Do Heum , Shin Hyun Chul , Kim Keung Nyun , Lee Sang Won , Yi Seong , Park Ki II , Kim Yoo Sun , Kim Sun II 
Published: September 2005

Abstract:  Object and background:  The survival of renal recipients improved dramatically and long‐term survival of renal graft patients is common, which in turn increases the chance of these patients requiring spinal surgery. However, there are few appropriate reports about the results of spine surgery on renal recipients. This study was undertaken to analyze the authors’ experience of spine surgery after renal transplantation.Methods:  Thirty‐two renal recipients who underwent spine surgery with regular follow‐up of more than 24 months were included in this study. The patients’ medical records and the radiological reports were reviewed retrospectively and their postoperative conditions were evaluated during their regular visits or by telephone.Results:  The mean duration from the renal transplantation to spinal surgery was 6 ± 1.2 yr. Among spinal diseases of renal recipients, there were 23 cases of degenerative spinal diseases, seven cases of vertebral compression fracture, and two spinal cord tumors. The operation methods were conventional spine surgery with or without bone fusion (27 cases), percutaneous vertebroplasty (three cases) and tumor resection (two cases). The mean values of the Prolo scale in the preoperative (4.5 ± 0.3) and postoperative (7.4 ± 0.4) period showed significant clinical improvement after the operation. Postoperative renal function was not deteriorated in any patients and there were no major complications.Conclusion:  Spine surgery can be performed with acceptable clinical results and without major complications in renal recipients. Spine surgery has no aggravating effect on the patients’ renal function. Surgery is a valuable, safe option for the treatment of spinal disease in this rare distinct group of patients.
Optimized Scansystem™ platelet kit for bacterial detection with enhanced sensitivity: detection within 24 h after spiking
Authors: Schmidt Michael , Weis Christina , Heck Julia , Montag Thomas , Nicol Sven‐Boris , Hourfar Michael K. , Schaefer Volker , Sireis Walid , Roth W. Kurt , Seifried Erhard 
Published: September 2005

Background and Objectives  The prevention and detection of bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates remains a major challenge for transfusion medicine. To be suitable for blood‐transfusion services, the contamination detection method must be highly sensitive, easy to perform and preferably of low cost. In this spiking study, we evaluated the new optimized Scansystem™ Platelet Kit detection method for use on apheresis platelets.Study Design and Methods  Apheresis platelet concentrates (APCs) were individually spiked with 10 colony‐forming units (CFU)/ml of one of 10 different strains of bacteria. The spiked APCs were analysed at specific time‐points during incubation by using the optimized Scansystem™ Platelet Kit. Bacterial enumeration was performed by plating onto blood agar.Results  All the bacterial strains tested were detected by using the optimized Scansystem™ Platelet Kit when sampled 24 h after spiking. Compared to the Scansystem™ standard kit, sensitivity was increased to < 50 CFU/ml. The identity of the spiked bacteria was confirmed by Gram staining and DNA fingerprinting.Conclusion  The optimized Scansystem™ Platelet Kit was able to reliably detect, within 70 min, 10 transfusion‐relevant bacterial species in APCs when a sample volume was taken 24 h after spiking. This is the first study carried out by using the optimized Scansystem™ bacterial detection that was found to have an enhanced sensitivity compared to the standard kit.
Variance components and heritabilities for sow productivity traits estimated from purebred versus crossbred sows
Authors: Ehlers M.J. , Mabry J.W. , Bertrand J.K. , Stalder K.J. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryGenetic parameters were estimated for number of pigs born alive (NBA), adjusted litter weaning weight (ALWT), and the interval from weaning to first service (W2E) using 2002 purebred litter records and 14 583 crossbred litter records from a swine production unit with a defined great‐grandparent, grandparent, and parent stock genetic system structure. Estimation of (co)variance components was carried out by REML methods. Heritability estimates from this study for NBA were 0.155, 0.146, 0.145 for the purebred, crossbred, and pooled data, respectively. Heritability estimates for ALWT were 0.162, 0.195, and 0.183 for the purebred, crossbred and pooled data, respectively. Heritability estimates for W2E were 0.205, 0.239 and 0.202 for the purebred, crossbred and pooled data, respectively. Genetic correlations between NBA and ALWT were weak and positive for the three groups. The genetic correlation between W2E and ALWT were −0.158 for the purebred Yorkshires, 0.031 for the crossbreds and 0.051 for the pooled data. The genetic correlation between W2E and NBA was −0.027 for the purebred Yorkshires, 0.310 for the crossbreds and 0.236 for the pooled data. These similarities suggest that pooling of purebred and crossbred data may be considered, which may potentially increase the accuracy of breeding value estimates, which would result in increased genetic progress.