bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and genotyping of Neisseria meningitidis of serogroup C, Italy, 2000–2020
Authors: Vacca Paola , Fazio Cecilia , Neri Arianna , Ambrosio Luigina , Carannante Anna , Lista Florigio , Fillo Silvia , Ciammaruconi Andrea , Fortunato Antonella , Stefanelli Paola 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundIn Italy the introduction of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in 2005 has led to a significant reduction of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by Neisseria meningitidis of serogroup C (MenC). However, this serogroup is still responsible of sporadic cases, clusters and local outbreaks. The study aims to investigate the genotype and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of MenC isolates collected in Italy from 2000 to 2020.MethodsBacterial isolates and biological samples (blood or cerebrospinal fluid) from invasive meningococcal cases are collected and characterized at the National Reference Laboratory for IMD of Istituto Superiore di Sanità. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by MIC Test Strip Method and interpreted according to the EUCAST breakpoints guideline. Genotypic characteristics, including multi locus sequence typing (MLST), finetype, and antimicrobial resistance target genes were performed and analyzed using the PubMLST database. Genomic comparison of core genome MLST (cgMLST) of MenC genomes was also carried out.ResultsFrom 2000 to 2020, a total of 665 MenC isolates were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility and 301 for genotyping. Over two decades, almost all MenC isolates resulted susceptible to antimicrobials with few isolates resulting resistant to ciprofloxacin (N = 2), penicillin G (N = 13), and rifampicin (N = 9), respectively. Molecular typing of MenC obtained from isolates or clinical specimens identified mostly the genotype C:P1.5-1,10-8:F3-6:ST-11(cc11). However, phylogenetic analysis, performed on genomes from MenC isolates, identified two sub lineages, 11.1 and 11.2, among cc11, of which the sub lineage 11.2 was the predominant.ConclusionWider application of the genomic analysis and monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility represent key aspects of IMD surveillance and to monitor the continued evolution of these hyperinvasive strains.
Correlation dimension and entropy in the assessment of sex differences based on human gait data
Authors: Świtoński Adam , Josiński Henryk , Polański Andrzej , Wojciechowski Konrad 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIt is proved that there are differences between gait performed by females and males, which appear in movements of selected body parts. Despite numerous state-of-the-art studies related to the discriminative analysis of motion capture data, the question of whether measures of signal complexity and uncertainty can extract valuable features for the problem of sex distinction still remains open. It is the subject of the paper.MethodsCorrelation dimension, as well as approximate and sample entropies, are selected to describe motion data. In the numerical experiments, the collected dataset with 884 samples of 25 females and 30 males was used. The measurements took place in the Human Motion Laboratory (HML), equipped with a highly precise motion capture system. Two variants of data representation were investigated-time series that contain joint rotations of taken skeleton model as well as positions of the markers attached to the human body. Finally, a comparative analysis between the populations of females and males using descriptive statistics, non-parametric estimation, and statistical hypotheses verification was carried out.ResultsThere are statistically significant sex differences extracted by the taken measures. In general, the movements of lower limbs result in greater values of correlation dimension and entropies for females, while selected upper body parts play a similar role for males. The dissimilarities are mainly observed in hip, ankle, shoulder, and head movements.DiscussionCorrelation dimension and entropy measures provide robust and explainable features of motion capture data with a valuable description of the human locomotion system. Thus, beyond the importance of discovered differences between females and males, their interpretation and understanding are also known.
Quality of life and socio-demographic factors associated with nutritional risk in Brazilian community-dwelling individuals aged 80 and over: cluster analysis and ensemble methods
Authors: Brech Guilherme Carlos , da Silva Vanderlei Carneiro , Alonso Angelica Castilho , Machado-Lima Adriana , da Silva Daiane Fuga , Micillo Glaucia Pegorari , Bastos Marta Ferreira , de Aquino Rita de Cassia 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe aim of the present study was to use cluster analysis and ensemble methods to evaluate the association between quality of life, socio-demographic factors to predict nutritional risk in community-dwelling Brazilians aged 80 and over.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 104 individuals, both sexes, from different community locations. Firstly, the participants answered the sociodemographic questionnaire, and were sampled for anthropometric data. Subsequently, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was applied, and Mini Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (MAN) was used to evaluate their nutritional status. Finally, quality of life (QoL) was assessed by a brief version of World Health Organizations’ Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and its older adults’ version (WHOQOL-OLD).ResultsThe K-means algorithm was used to identify clusters of individuals regarding quality-of-life characteristics. In addition, Random Forest (RF) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithms were used to predict nutritional risk. Four major clusters were derived. Although there was a higher proportion of individuals aged 80 and over with nutritional risk in cluster 2 and a lower proportion in cluster 3, there was no statistically significant association. Cluster 1 showed the highest scores for psychological, social, and environmental domains, while cluster 4 exhibited the worst scores for the social and environmental domains of WHOQOL-BREF and for autonomy, past, present, and future activities, and intimacy of WHOQOL-OLD.ConclusionHandgrip, household income, and MMSE were the most important predictors of nutritional. On the other hand, sex, self-reported health, and number of teeth showed the lowest levels of influence in the construction of models to evaluate nutritional risk. Taken together, there was no association between clusters based on quality-of-life domains and nutritional risk, however, predictive models can be used as a complementary tool to evaluate nutritional risk in individuals aged 80 and over.
Challenges in management of refractory pain and sedation in infants
Authors: Oschman Alexandra , Rao Karishma 
Published: January 2024

The survival of preterm infants continues to improve, along with an increased in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) management of chronic infants who are medically complex infants who have prolonged hospital stays, sometimes up until 2 years of age. Despite advances in neonatal and infant care, the management of pain and sedation in chronic NICU patients continues to be a challenge. Challenges such as development of appropriate pain, sedation, and withdrawal scales along with unfamiliarity of the NICU care team with pediatric disease states and pharmacotherapy complicate management of these patients. Opioid induced hyperalgesia (OIH) and delirium may play a large role in these refractory cases, yet are often not considered in the NICU population. Drug therapy interventions such as gabapentin, ketamine, risperidone, and others have limited data for safety and efficacy in this population. This article summarizes the available literature regarding the evidence for diagnosis and management of infants with refractory pain and sedation along with the challenges that clinicians face when managing these patients.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of peri-tumoral hepatic tissue in hepatocellular carcinoma: unveiling the molecular landscape of immune checkpoint therapy resistance
Authors: Bi Huaqiang , Feng Kai , Wang Xiaofei , Zheng Ping , Qu Chengming , Ma Kuansheng 
Published: January 2024

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often resists traditional treatments, necessitating new therapeutic approaches. With immune checkpoint therapy emerging as a promising alternative, understanding its resistance mechanisms becomes crucial.Methods: Using 22 samples from 11 HCC patients, we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of peri-tumoral hepatic tissues from those treated with Atezolizumab.Results: We identified significant metabolic alterations and a correlation between the COMMD3-BMI1 gene and Dephospho-CoA metabolite. Findings suggest these as potential markers for therapeutic resistance, as evidenced by upregulated COMMD3-BMI1 and downregulated Dephospho-CoA in non-responsive patients, with animal models further supporting these observations.Discussion: The study highlights COMMD3-BMI1 and Dephospho-CoA as critical actors in immune checkpoint therapy resistance in HCC, providing insights and potential pathways for more effective therapeutic strategies.
Klotho-derived peptide KP1 ameliorates SARS-CoV-2-associated acute kidney injury
Authors: Xu Jie , Lin Enqing , Hong Xue , Li Li , Gu Jun , Zhao Jinghong , Liu Youhua 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The severe cases of COVID-19, a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), often present with acute kidney injury (AKI). Although old age and preexisting medical conditions have been identified as principal risk factors for COVID-19-associated AKI, the molecular basis behind such a connection remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the pathogenic role of Klotho deficiency in COVID-19-associated AKI and explored the therapeutic potential of Klotho-derived peptide 1 (KP1).Methods: We assessed the susceptibility of Klotho deficient Kl/Kl mice to developing AKI after expression of SARS-CoV-2 N protein. The role of KP1 in ameliorating tubular injury was investigated by using cultured proximal tubular cells (HK-2) in vitro and mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in vivo.Results: Renal Klotho expression was markedly downregulated in various chronic kidney disease (CKD) models and in aged mice. Compared to wild-type counterparts, mutant KL/KL mice were susceptible to overexpression of SARS-CoV-2 N protein and developed kidney lesions resembling AKI. In vitro, expression of N protein alone induced HK-2 cells to express markers of tubular injury, cellular senescence, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, whereas both KP1 and Klotho abolished these lesions. Furthermore, KP1 mitigated kidney dysfunction, alleviated tubular injury and inhibited apoptosis in AKI model induced by IRI and N protein.Conclusion: These findings suggest that Klotho deficiency is a key determinant of developing COVID-19-associated AKI. As such, KP1, a small peptide recapitulating Klotho function, could be an effective therapeutic for alleviating AKI in COVID-19 patients.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adaptability and resiliency of school food programs across Canada
Authors: Ahmed Mavra , Richardson Alana , Riad Jessica , McPherson Chelsea , Sellen Daniel W. , Malik Vasanti S. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionFollowing the sudden closure of schools due to the pandemic in 2020, many school food program (SFP) operators lost their operating venues and had to innovate to continue distributing meals to children. Our objective was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the delivery, adaptability, and resiliency of school food programs across Canada by conducting a systematic rapid review.Materials and methodsSystematic literature searches identified newspaper articles and social media sources related to the adaptations and challenges faced by school food programs across Canada in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Included sources were assessed and thematically categorized according to the dimensions of the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) and Getting To Equity (GTE) frameworks to identify factors impacting the delivery, adaptability, and resiliency of school food programs in Canada.ResultsSchool food programs in Canada made various efforts to meet existing and new challenges associated with the delivery of these programs to keep feeding school children, particularly those most vulnerable, during the pandemic. Distribution of food kits, prepared meals and gift cards/coupons were successful pathways in ensuring support for food accessibility to students and their families. Increased collaborations between community members and organizations/stakeholders to help maintain food delivery or collectively offer new modes to deliver foods were most frequently cited as key to facilitating school food programming. However, maintenance and sustainability related to operating costs and funding were identified as key challenges to successful school food programming.ConclusionOur study highlights the swift and substantial transformation school food programs,, underwent in response to the pandemic, driven by the urgent need to ensure that students still had access to nutritious meals and the importance of policy and resource support to bolster the adaptability and resiliency of these programs. Findings on facilitators and challenges to school food programs during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic can inform development of guidelines to design a robust national Canadian school food program and help make existing programs more sustainable, adaptable, and resilient.
Do positive childhood and adult experiences counter the effects of adverse childhood experiences on learned helplessness?
Authors: Crandall AliceAnn , Castaneda Gladys Lopez , Barlow Melissa J. , Magnusson Brianna M. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionLearned helplessness often arises when an individual feels that a challenging situation is inescapable. Childhood trauma can lead to feelings of learned helplessness in youth and adulthood. Resiliency theory suggests that positive experiences in childhood and adulthood may counteract traumatic experiences in childhood and reduce learned helplessness and promote learned optimism, the antithesis of learned helplessness. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with learned helplessness and optimism in adulthood and whether positive childhood and adult experiences (PCEs and PAEs) can lessen learned helplessness even in the presence of ACEs and promote greater learned optimism.MethodsThe sample consisted of 435 adults who were recruited to participate in the study through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), a crowdsourcing recruitment service. Participants lived in the United States and were 18–56 years at the time of the study. Each participant completed a survey about their childhood and adulthood experiences and learned helplessness and optimism as an adult. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) in Mplus Version 7.ResultsThe learned helplessness scale had two factors which we termed learned helplessness and learned optimism. ACEs were associated with higher self-report of learned helplessness and lower learned optimism. When PCEs were added to the model, ACEs retained their relationship with learned helplessness but were no longer associated with learned optimism. PCEs were positively associated with learned optimism but were not associated with learned helplessness. PAEs were negatively correlated with learned helplessness and positively correlated with learned optimism. Learned optimism and learned helplessness in adults were inversely correlated.DiscussionPotentially traumatic experiences in childhood, as measured by ACEs, may lead to more learned helplessness throughout life. However, positive experiences in both childhood and adulthood can increase learned optimism, which was correlated with lower learned helplessness, even when childhood trauma was experienced.
How many cases are required to achieving early proficiency in purely off-clamp robot-assisted partial nephrectomy?
Authors: Zhang Guoling , Wang Bowen , Liu Hua , Jia Guang , Tao Boju , Zhang Haoxun , Wang Chunyang 
Published: January 2024

Background and purposeOff-clamp robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (Offc-RAPN) is a technically challenging procedure that can effectively avoid renal ischemia owing to the absence of hilar vessel preparation and clamping. However, data on the learning curve (LC) for this technique are limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the LC of Offc-RAPN and compare the perioperative outcomes between different learning phases.MethodsThis retrospective study included 50 consecutive patients who underwent purely Offc-RAPN between January 2022 and April 2023. Multidimensional cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis method was used to assess LC. Spearman's correlation and LOWESS analysis were performed to analyze the continuous variables of perioperative outcomes. Baseline characteristics and perioperative outcomes were compared using χ2-test, t-test and U-test.ResultsCUSUM analysis identified two LC phases: phase I (the first 24 cases) and phase II (the subsequent 26 cases). Phase II showed significant reductions in mean operative time (133.5 vs. 115.31 min; p = 0.04), mean console time (103.21 vs. 81.27 min; p = 0.01), and mean postoperative length of stay (5.33 vs. 4.30 days; p = 0.04) compared to phase I. However, no significant differences were observed in other perioperative outcomes or baseline characteristics between the two LC phases.ConclusionsOffc-RAPN performed by a surgeon with experience in laparoscopic and robotic surgeries achieved early proficiency in 24 cases. Moreover, Offc-RAPN alone is safe and feasible even in the initial phase of the LC for an experienced surgeon.
Comparing broad and narrow phenotype algorithms: differences in performance characteristics and immortal time incurred
Authors: Swerdel Joel N. , Conover Mitchell M. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: When developing phenotype algorithms for observational research, there is usually a trade-off between definitions that are sensitive or specific. The objective of this study was to estimate the performance characteristics of phenotype algorithms designed for increasing specificity and to estimate the immortal time associated with each algorithm.Materials and methods: We examined algorithms for 11 chronic health conditions. The analyses were from data from five databases. For each health condition, we created five algorithms to examine performance (sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV)) differences: one broad algorithm using a single code for the health condition and four narrow algorithms where a second diagnosis code was required 1–30 days, 1–90 days, 1–365 days, or 1- all days in a subject’s continuous observation period after the first code. We also examined the proportion of immortal time relative to time-at-risk (TAR) for four outcomes. The TAR’s were: 0–30 days after the first condition occurrence (the index date), 0–90 days post-index, 0–365 days post-index, and 0–1,095 days post-index. Performance of algorithms for chronic health conditions was estimated using PheValuator (V2.1.4) from the OHDSI toolstack. Immortal time was calculated as the time from the index date until the first of the following: 1) the outcome; 2) the end of the outcome TAR; 3) the occurrence of the second code for the chronic health condition.Results: In the first analysis, the narrow phenotype algorithms, i.e., those requiring a second condition code, produced higher estimates for PPV and lower estimates for sensitivity compared to the single code algorithm. In all conditions, increasing the time to the required second code increased the sensitivity of the algorithm. In the second analysis, the amount of immortal time increased as the window used to identify the second diagnosis code increased. The proportion of TAR that was immortal was highest in the 30 days TAR analyses compared to the 1,095 days TAR analyses.Conclusion: Attempting to increase the specificity of a health condition algorithm by adding a second code is a potentially valid approach to increase specificity, albeit at the cost of incurring immortal time.
Participation Practice in Screenplay Making of "Sapa Ndisit Oh" by Marjo Klengkam Sulam
Authors: Legowo Wicaksono Wisnu , Ekawardhani Yully Ambarsih 
Published: January 2024

Sapa Ndisist Oh is the first film made by the people of Kepunduhan Village, Kramat Subdistrict, Tegal Regency, Central Java Province, with filmmaker Marjo Klengkam Sulam as the director. The film received appreciation from the Village Innovation Exchange at the Central Java Provincial Level, organized by the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration. Kepunduhan villagers were involved in the making of the film as crew and actors, collaborative work between professionals and the involvement of residents in the filmmaking process industry is a practice of Participation methods. Residents who are unfamiliar with filmmaking techniques are involved in filmmaking directly. Based on this, the research conducted aims to find out the role and form of participation of the Kepunduhan Village community in the process of making the film Sapa Ndisit Oh. The method used is descriptive. The process carried out by researchers is an interview with the director of the film Sapa Ndisit Oh and observation of the film Sapa Ndisit Oh as the object of research. Data analysis techniques in this study go through several stages, data collection, data reduction, data analysis, and conclusions. The results of the research obtained are the initial idea of filmmaking, the role of the Kepunduhan Village Community, and the form of Kepunduhan Village Community Participation in making the film Sapa Ndisit Oh. Participation practices produce films that are more relevant to the context of local communities, which are the result of discussions and interviews with the community. Participation practices can produce films that are more relevant to the context of the local community. The results of the research can be an additional knowledge for academics and professionals in the field of cinema.
Keywords: Film; Forms of participation; kepunduhan village; screenwriting
Sign Reading of the Meaning of Shape and Color in the Lion Dance
Authors: Irsyadi Muammar , Ekawardhani Yully Ambarsih 
Published: January 2024

One of the foreign artistic and cultural heritages that has become part of Indonesian culture, namely the lunar New Year celebration where there is a tradition of Barongsai dance performances. Barongsai is an animal found in Chinese mythology that resembles a lion and has two forms, the Northern Lion and the Southern Lion. Each form has a different meaning based on its visual elements. This research on the lion dance raises the issue of how to read the visual elements in the lion dance, both in terms of the shape and color of the lion dance. The purpose of this research is to identify the meaning content in the visual elements of the lion dance, namely through shape and color so that the meaning of the lion dance can be known. Qualitative methods are used in this research and in color analysis using the Chairunnisak and Choirul color sign study method in analyzing color meaning. Observation, interviews, and literature were used to obtain data. The results of the analysis of the meaning of shape and color in Barongsai, found the same meaning, namely stability, courage, excellence, strength, leadership, wisdom, justice, knowledge, enthusiasm, longevity, women, charm, welfare, luck, cheerfulness, happiness, health, black and white colors also have the meaning of death. the results of the study are expected to be useful for other researchers in researching Barongsai in the future.

Keywords: Barongsai; Culture; Imlek; Visual; Color; Lunar year