bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jeronim de Rada në tekstet shkollore shqiptare përgjatë viteve 1912-1944
Authors: Lila Dr. Jolanda 
Published: November 2023

Epiqendër e kësaj kumtese shkencore është hapësira që zë në tekstet shkollore figura e Jeronim De Radës përgjatë viteve 1912-1944 dhe mënyra e trajtimit të veprës së tij në këto tekste. Për herë të parë në programet shkollore shqiptare, emrin e Jeronim De Radës e ndeshim në vitin 1925, në tekstin e hartuar nga Justin Rrota “Letratyra shqipe për shkolla të mesme”, në të cilin jepen të dhëna jetësore për autorin dhe përmenden telegrafikisht disa prej veprave kryesore të tij. Njëherësh emri i tij ndeshet në trajtë bibliografike në kapitullin për botimet mujore letrare, ku citohet si botim i parë periodik letrar “Fjamuri i Arbërit” (1883), revistë e drejtuar nga Jeronim De Rada; si dhe në shtojcën për librat më të rëndësishëm të gramatikës në gjuhës shqipe, ku veçohet “Grammatica del la lingua Albanese” e botuar prej tij në vitin 1870. Më pas, në “Antologji shqipe” (1935, përgatitur nga Filip Fishta) u përfshinë për herë të parë, jo vetëm të dhënat për kontributin e tij jetësor, por edhe vepra e tij “Këngët e Milosaos” me titullin “Kangjele nga Milosau”.
Teksti paraqitet i transkriptuar dhe është pajisur me komente sqaruese të termave të ndryshme, të bëra nga Izet Bebeziqi, i cili shpesh tenton edhe të interpretojë nivelin kuptimor të frazave përmes analizës formale të horizontit të pritjes. Një vit më vonë, pikërisht më 1936, Eqrem Çabej në “Elemente të gjuhësisë e të literaturës shqipe (Me pjesë të zgjedhura për shkollat e mesme)” i dedikon një vëmendje të veçantë letërsisë arbëreshe e arvanitase dhe figurës së Jeronim De Radës në veçanti, ku në 177 faqe të tekstit shkollor, 10 faqe ia dedikon Girolamo De Radës. Në këtë tekst paraqiten fillimisht të dhëna jetësore për autorin e më tej, përmes qasjes strukturaliste të përzier me atë sociologjike jep të dhëna mbi përmbajtjen dhe specifikat e stilit krijues për veprat “Milosao”, “Këngët e Serafina Topiës” dhe “Skënderbeu i pafaan”.
Përveç fragmenteve nga “Milosao”, publikohet edhe novela romantike “Anmaria Cominiatet” (“Këngët e Serafina Topiës”), ku të dyja pajisen me shpjegime të vyera filologjike, të cilat e
orientojnë lexuesin të depërtojë në rrafshet kuptimore të tekstit. Pasqyrim të gjerë vepra e De Radës ka gjetur edhe nga Namik Resuli në “Shkrimtarë shqiptarë” (1941), ku përmes
metodës së brendshme të trajtimit të veprës nxirren në pah vlerat estetike të veprës dhe të vetë stilit të De Radës në përgjithësi. Ndërsa në vitin 1943, në “Bota shqiptare” e ndeshim në mënyrë
fragmentare emrin e Jeronim De Radës, kur flitet për kontributin e autorëve të letërsisë italoshqiptare, ku ky poet vlerësohet për karakterin epik të veprave të tij.
“Petrela gjatë shekujve”, libër në trajtën e një monografie shkencore
Authors: Lloçi Dritan 
Published: November 2023

Petrela është një prej qendrave historike më të vjetra në Shqipëri. Është dëshmi e prekshme e identitetit, qëndresës, kulturës, historive dhe fakteve përgjatë shumë shekujve. Si e tillë, Petrela është një ndër vendet tërheqëse kryesore në Tiranë, por dhe në Shqipëri, për sa i përket turizmit në përgjithësi dhe agroturizmit apo ekoturizmit në veçanti.
Vlerë tjetër e kësaj zone janë dhe prodhimet artizanale, që do të thotë tradita shekullore vijon të jetë e trashëguar brez pas brezi për shumë produkte bujqësore, apo veshje dhe poçeri. E thënë kjo, hijeshisë së historisë që ajo mbart, i shtohet puna e shumë nënave dhe grave që lidhet me tjerrjen, qilimat, produkte të veçanta ushqimore që i gjen vetëm në Petrelë. Burrat merren më së shumti me prodhimin e poçeve, koshave që përdoren për vjeljen e rrushit, lëvrimin e tokave bujqësore, etj.
Pra, kur shkon në Petrelë, vizitori gjen një copëz të artë nga e kaluara e ndërthurur me modernen dhe zhvillimin e përgjithshëm të zonës.
Mikpritja, si një virtyt i shqiptarëve, shprehet më së miri në këtë zonë. Nëse troket në derën e një banori të Petrelës, patjetër që do të trajtohesh në mënyrë shumë të veçantë.
Në vazhdën e këtyre cilësive, Petrela meriton të dëshmohet, qoftë përmes kronikave të ndryshme, artikujve, emisioneve, po ashtu edhe përmes botimeve. Librat, sado që koha të përparojë, nuk e humbin asnjëherë vlerën dhe rëndësinë e tyre. I tillë është dhe libri i dedikuar për Petrelën, që vjen në trajtën e një monografie shkencore me ngjyrimet emocionale të rrëfimit, të autorit Adem Kupi.
Autori kujdeset që, përgjatë shkrimit të këtij libri, të mos harrojë të nxjerrë në pah zhvillimin që Petrela ka pësuar ndër vite apo dekada. Në këtë mënyrë, lexuesi nuk shkëputet nga realiteti, por i përjeton të gjitha gjendjet në një libër.
Analyzing the Variability in Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes Using Principal Component Analysis under Varied Ecosystems
Authors: Sheela K. R. V. Sathya , Selvakumar T. , Narayanan S. Lakshmi , Radhajeyalakshmi R. 
Published: November 2023

Maize is a cereal cross-pollinated crop which belongs to the family poaceae. It is grown over a wider range of environment than any other cereal crop. The present study was conducted to study genetic variability using principal component analysis. Twenty maize genotypes were used in the study. Ten characters viz., plant height, ear height, days to 50 % tasselling, days to 50 % silking, ASI, cob length, number of rows per cob, hundred seed weight, shelling percentage and yield were recorded for the study. In the PCA, four principal components exhibited eigen value more than 1.0 exhibiting 84.54 percent of the variability for the characters under irrigated conditions. The PC1 negative loadings for the flowering traits, viz., days to 50 % silking (-0.3886), ASI (-0.3233) and days to 50 % tasselling (-0.2972) and positive loadings with higher contribution from cob length (0.4033), no of rows per cob (0.3480) followed by shelling percentage were observed. Positive loadings were exhibited by days to tasselling (0.4780), plant height (0.4670) and hundred seed weight (0.4518) in PC2. In PC3 positive loadings for the characters viz., number of rows per cob (0.5338), ASI (0.5226) and cob length (0.3299) and negative loadings for the traits grain yield (-0.3815), ear height (-0.2658) and plant height (-0.2437) and in PC4 positive loadings for plant height (0.4953), ear height (0.2546) and negative loadings were shown by days to grain yield (-0.6632), shelling percentage (-0.3751), ASI (-0.2369) and 50 % silking (-0.0648) were observed. In rainfed conditions, the two principal components had eigen value of more than 1. Under normal irrigated condition, PC1 and PC2 had eigen value of 5.689 and 1.6439. Plant height (0.3866), cob length (0.3726), number of rows per cob (0.3551), shelling % (0.3196), grain yield (0.2941), and hundred seed weight (0.2847) contributed positively to PC1. PC 2 had highest positive contributions from days to 50 % tasselling (0.5676), days to 50 % silking (0.5249), shelling % (0.3885), hundred seed weight (0.3763) and grain yield (0.2007). Negative loadings were shown by ear height (-0.1356) and plant height (-0.0093). Positive loadings were contributed by days to 50 % tasselling (0.5676), Days to 50 % silking, shelling percentage (0.3885) and hundred grain weight (0.3763).
Extrauterine Placental Perfusion and Oxygenation in Infants With Very Low Birth Weight
Authors: Kuehne Benjamin , Grüttner Berthold , Hellmich Martin , Hero Barbara , Kribs Angela , Oberthuer André 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceAn extrauterine placental perfusion (EPP) approach for physiological-based cord clamping (PBCC) may support infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) during transition without delaying measures of support.ObjectiveTo test whether EPP in resuscitation of infants with VLBW results in higher hematocrit levels, better oxygenation, or improved infant outcomes compared with delayed cord clamping (DCC).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nonblinded, single-center randomized clinical trial was conducted at a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit. Infants with a gestational age greater than 23 weeks and birth weight less than 1500 g born by cesarean delivery between May 2019 and June 2021 were included. Data were analyzed from October through December 2021.InterventionPrior to cesarean delivery, participants were allocated to receive EPP or DCC. In the EPP group, infant and placenta, connected by an intact umbilical cord, were detached from the uterus and transferred to the resuscitation unit. Respiratory support was initiated while holding the placenta over the infant. The umbilical cord was clamped when infants showed regular spontaneous breathing, stable heart rates greater than 100 beats/min, and adequate oxygen saturations. In the DCC group, cords were clamped 30 to 60 seconds after birth before infants were transferred to the resuscitation unit, where respiratory support was started.Main Outcomes and MeasureThe primary outcome was the mean hematocrit level in the first 24 hours after birth. Secondary prespecified outcome parameters comprised oxygenation during transition and short-term neonatal outcome.ResultsAmong 60 infants randomized and included, 1 infant was excluded after randomization; there were 29 infants in the EPP group (mean [SD] gestational age, 27 weeks 6 days [15.0 days]; 14 females [48.3%]) and 30 infants in the DCC group (mean [SD] gestational age, 28 weeks 1 day [17.1 days]; 17 females [56.7%]). The mean (SD) birth weight was 982.8 (276.6) g and 970.2 (323.0) g in the EPP and DCC group, respectively. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed no significant difference in mean hematocrit level (mean difference [MD], 2.1 percentage points; [95% CI, −2.2 to 6.4 percentage points]). During transition, infants in the EPP group had significantly higher peripheral oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (adjusted MD at 5 minutes, 15.3 percentage points [95% CI, 2.0 to 28.6 percentage points]) and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (adjusted MD at 5 minutes, 11.3 percentage points [95% CI, 2.0 to 20.6 percentage points]). Neonatal outcome parameters were similar in the 2 groups.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that EPP resulted in similar hematocrit levels as DCC, with improved cerebral and peripheral oxygenation during transition. These findings suggest that EPP may be an alternative procedure for PBCC in infants with VLBW.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03916159
Cost of Pacing in Pediatric Patients With Postoperative Heart Block After Congenital Heart Surgery
Authors: Mondal Abhijit , Yoo Minkyoung , Tuttle Stephanie , Mah Douglas , Nelson Richard , Sachse Frank B. , Hitchcock Robert , Kaza Aditya K. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceSurgical correction of congenital heart defects (CHDs) has improved the lifespan and quality of life of pediatric patients. The number of congenital heart surgeries (CHSs) in children has grown continuously since the 1960s. This growth has been accompanied by a rise in the incidence of postoperative heart block requiring permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation.ObjectiveTo assess the trends in permanent pacing after CHS and estimate the economic burden to patients and their families after PPM implantation.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this economic evaluation study, procedure- and diagnosis-specific codes within a single-institution database were used to identify patients with postoperative heart block after CHS between January 1, 1960, and December 31, 2018. Patients younger than 4 years with postoperative PPM implantation were selected, and up to 20-year follow-up data were used for cost analysis based on mean hospital event charges and length of stay (LOS) data. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2020, to November 30, 2022.ExposureImplantation of PPM after CHS in pediatric patients.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAnnual trends in CHS and postoperative PPM implantations were assessed. Direct and indirect costs associated with managing conduction health for the 20 years after PPM implantation were estimated using Markov model simulation and patient follow-up data.ResultsOf the 28 225 patients who underwent CHS, 968 (437 female [45.1%] and 531 male [54.9%]; 468 patients aged &amp;lt;4 years) received a PPM due to postoperative heart block. The rate of CHS and postoperative PPM implantations increased by 2.2% and 7.2% per year between 1960 and 2018, respectively. In pediatric patients younger than 4 years with PPM implantation, the mean (SD) 20-year estimated direct and indirect costs from Markov model simulations were $180 664 ($32 662) and $15 939 ($1916), respectively. Using follow-up data of selected patients with clinical courses involving 1 or more complication events, the mean (SD) direct and indirect costs were $472 774 ($212 095) and $36 429 ($16 706), respectively.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this economic evaluation study, the cost of PPM implantation in pediatric patients was found to accumulate over the lifespan. This cost may represent not only a substantial financial burden but also a health care burden to patient families. Reducing the incidence of PPM implantation should be a focused goal of CHS.
Fe Cluster Modified Co9S8 Heterojunction: Highly Efficient Photoelectrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting and Flexible Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Wang Nan , Chen Di , Ning Shunlian , Lao Jiayu , Xu Jinchang , Luo Mi , Zhang Weiping , Chen Jian , Yang Muzi , Xie Fangyan , Jin Yanshuo , Sun Shuhui , Meng Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDesigning bifunctional low‐cost photo‐assisted electrocatalysts for converting solar and electric energy into hydrogen energy remains a huge challenge. Herein, a heterojunction (Fe cluster modified Co9S8 loaded on carbon nanotubes, Co9S8‐Fe@CNT) for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is demonstrated. Benefiting from the good electronic conductivity and spatial confinement of the carbon skeleton, as well as the electronic structure regulation of the Fe cluster, Co9S8‐Fe@CNT exhibits excellent catalytic performance with a low overpotential of 150 mV for OER and 135 mV for HER at 10 mA cm−2. Upon light irradiation, holes and electrons are generated in the valence band and conduction band of the Co9S8, respectively. Part of the charges are transferred to the interface to facilitate the catalytic reaction, while the remaining are transferred by the electrode. When working as a bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting, the performance can reach 1.33 V at under light conditions, which is significantly better than 1.52 V in a dark environment. Theoretical calculations revealed lowered Gibbs free energy (∆GH*) of the heterojunction with the effect of Fe modification of Co9S8. This work sheds a new light in designing novel photoelectrochemical materials to convert solar and electric energy into chemical energy.
Enabling Ultralow‐Temperature (−70 °C) Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Advanced Electrolytes Utilizing Weak‐Solvation and Low‐Viscosity Nitrile Cosolvent
Authors: Luo Laibing , Chen Kean , Chen Hui , Li Hui , Cao Ruoyu , Feng Xiangming , Chen Weihua , Fang Yongjin , Cao Yuliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLow‐temperature performance of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has always posed a significant challenge, limiting their wide application in cold environments. In this work, the high‐performance LIBs working under ultralow‐temperature conditions, which is achieved by employing the weak‐solvation and low‐viscosity isobutyronitrile as a cosolvent to tame the affinity between solvents and lithium ions, is reported. The as‐prepared electrolytes exhibit a sufficiently high conductivity (1.152 mS cm−1) at −70 °C. The electrolytes enable LiCoO2 cathode and graphite anode to achieve high Coulombic efficiency of >99.9% during long‐term cycling at room temperature, and to respectively achieve 75.8% and 100.0% of their room‐temperature capacities at −40 °C. Even the LiCoO2//graphite pouch cells can retain 68.7% of the room‐temperature capacity when discharged at −70 °C, and present stable cycling performance at −40 and 60 °C. This work provides a solution for the development of advanced electrolytes to enable LIBs working at wide‐temperatures range.
Visible to NIR‐II Photoluminescence of Atomically Precise Gold Nanoclusters
Authors: Liu Zhongyu , Luo Lianshun , Jin Rongchao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtomically precise gold nanoclusters (NCs) have emerged as a new class of precision materials and attracted wide interest in recent years. One of the unique properties of such nanoclusters pertains to their photoluminescence (PL), for it can widely span visible to near‐infrared–I and –II wavelengths (NIR‐I/II), and even beyond 1700 nm by manipulating the size, structure, and composition. The current research efforts focus on the structure–PL correlation and the development of strategies for raising the PL quantum yields, which is nontrivial when moving from the visible to the near‐infrared wavelengths, especially in the NIR–II regions. This review summarizes the recent progress in the field, including i) the types of PL observed in gold NCs such as fluorescence, phosphorescence, and thermally activated delayed fluorescence, as well as dual emission; ii) some effective strategies that are devised to improve the PL quantum yield (QY) of gold NCs, such as heterometal doping, surface rigidification, and core phonon engineering, with double‐digit QYs for the NIR PL on the horizons; and iii) the applications of luminescent gold NCs in bioimaging, photosensitization, and optoelectronics. Finally, the remaining challenges and opportunities for future research are highlighted.
A Self‐Decoupled and High‐Resolution 2D Displacement Sensor Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Manipulator Precision Positioning
Authors: He Qingkai , Feng Xiaoli , Xu Zhenlong , Sun Shenyu , Meng Aihua , Zhang Xueting , Meng Qinghua , Liu Jingbiao , Liu Chaoran , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract2D displacement sensor (2DDS) is significant in precision manufacturing positioning, machine condition monitoring, robotic manipulation, and human–computer interaction system. However, the reported 2DDSs have severe limitations, such as low accuracy, poor decoupling, and lack of smart signal analysis. Herein, a self‐decoupled and high‐resolution 2DDS based on two freestanding triboelectric nanogenerators (F‐TENGs) is presented. This sensor achieves self‐decoupling by two orthogonal and independent 1D displacement sensors with low‐cost grating‐structured PCB. The test results of the sensor exhibit a high accuracy ≥99.06% (1D) and 98.94% (2D). Also, the experimental and simulation results demonstrate that this sensor has a high resolution of 200 µm and the function of initial position identification. A 2D displacement sensing system is developed that is capable of collecting F‐TENGs’ open‐circuit voltages in real‐time and performing 2D trajectory synthesis and display. This work expands the potential application of the TENG‐based 2DDS in robotic precision machining.
Layer Engineered MXene Empowered Wearable Pressure Sensors for Non‐Invasive Vital Human–Machine Interfacing Healthcare Monitoring
Authors: Mohapatra Debananda , Byun Jeong Eun , Ansari Mohd Zahid , Kim Haekyoung , Cheon Taehoon , Jang Jongmoon , Cho Young‐Rae , Lee Jung Woo , Kim Soo‐Hyun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPressure sensors with high flexibility and sensitivity face significant challenges in meeting the delicate balance and synergy among suitable active sensing electrode materials, substrates, and their device geometry design. In this contribution, layer‐engineered delaminated Ti‐MXene (DL‐Ti3C2Tx) is introduced, which has relatively wider interlayer spacing through intercalated large organic molecules and accordion‐like open internal microstructure than the narrower pristine Ti3C2Tx MXene (Ti‐MXene), graphene/carbon nanotube's interlayer spacing suitably fulfill the high sensitivity and flexibility requirement through accessible electronic pathways under the external pressure. Notably, a milder in‐situ ambient condition etching is performed to eliminate the associated safety risks for a flexible personal healthcare monitoring pressure sensor. DL‐Ti3C2Tx MXene‐empowered, flexible pressure sensor demonstrates a broad range of sensitivities up to a very high‐pressure of 20.8 kPa at a sensitivity of 242.3 kPa−1 with a fast response and recovery time (<300 ms). A twofold increase in pressure sensitivity performance of DL‐Ti3C2Tx MXene than that of Ti‐MXene, graphene can be attributed to the engineered wider interlayer distance among the delaminated DL‐Ti3C2Tx MXene layers causing a facile interlayer atomic movements, contacts, and reversible compressibility. The current economical, scalable DL‐Ti3C2Tx MXene flexible pressure sensor can provide future safe personal healthcare artificial intelligence with real‐time tracking ability.
SnSe2/NiSe2@N‐Doped Carbon Yolk‐Shell Heterostructure Construction and Selenium Vacancies Engineering for Ultrastable Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Li Huan , He Yanyan , Wang Qian , Gu Shaonan , Wang Lu , Yu Juxin , Zhou Guowei , Xu Liqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTin diselenide, a promising anode material for sodium ion batteries (SIBs), still faces sluggish Na+ diffusion kinetics and severe volume change, resulting in undesirable cycling stability and rate capability. Heterostructure construction is an effective strategy for boosting Na+ storage of SnSe2. Herein, an appealing yolk‐shell nanostructure of SnSe2/NiSe2 heterointerface with rich Se vacancies embedded into N‐doped carbon (SnSe2/NiSe2@NC) is precisely designed through a facile hydrothermal process followed by a selenization strategy. The experimental studies coupled with theoretical calculations results verify that the heterostructure interfaces and Se vacancies accelerate the charge and Na+ transfer efficiency, improve Na+ adsorption energy and supply ample active sites. The yolk‐shell nanostructure and N‐doped carbon buffer the volume variation and improve the structural stability of the electrode material during sodium storage processes. The SnSe2/NiSe2@NC delivers ultra‐long term cycling stability (322.7 mAh g−1 after 7500 cycles at 3 A g−1) and exceptional rate capability (314.6 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1). The Na‐ion storage mechanism of SnSe2/NiSe2@NC is explored through in situ X‐ray diffraction and ex situ high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. The present work provides an effective avenue to the rational design of heterostructure anode materials for high efficiency SIBs.