bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluation of a new resilient denture liner. part 1: Compliance and color evaluation1
Authors: Villar Anamaria , Pesun Igor J. , Brosky Mary E. , Fines Casey , Hodges James S. , DeLong Ralph , Lai Juey H. 
Published: June 2003

Purpose A new experimental resilient denture liner (MPDS‐SL; Lai Laboratories, Burnsville, MN) and Molloplast‐B (Buffalo Dental Manufacturing, Syosset, NY) were clinically evaluated for compliance and color change over a 1‐year period.Materials and Methods In this crossover study, each of 20 patients had 2 dentures fabricated with long‐term, silicone‐based resilient liners, 1 denture with Molloplast‐B and the other with MPDS‐SL. Each denture was used for 6 months, during which time each patient kept a journal detailing his or her use and cleaning regimen. The 2 materials were assessed for compliance and color at the beginning of the study and again after 3 months and 6 months of use. Compliance was determined by applying a 3‐lb force to the surface of the material following a square‐wave pattern, using a closed‐loop servohydraulic testing system. The force and position values were recorded using a storage oscilloscope. Compliance was measured at 3 locations on each denture and analyzed using data‐acquisition software. Images of the dentures were captured using a zoom stereomicroscope with a charge‐coupled video camera and image analysis software. The color was measured at 3 locations on each denture; RGB and L* a* b* were calculated.Results Compliance increased from baseline to 3 months and from 3 months to 6 months for almost all locations on both materials. Molloplast‐B and MPDS‐SL differed in average change in compliance at 6 months; the average change in compliance from baseline to 6 months was 453 (standard error, 46) for Molloplast‐B and 284 (standard error, 46) for MPDS‐SL (p= 0.019). For both materials, color changed significantly from baseline to 3 months and from baseline to 6 months (p <0.01). MPDS‐SL changed significantly less than Molloplast‐B from baseline to 6 months for R (p= 0.039), G (p= 0.037), B (p= 0.005), and L* (p= 0.042).Conclusion For both materials, compliance increased over 6 months of wear. The color change for MPDS‐SL was considerably less significant than that for Molloplast‐B.
An increase in damaged hepatocytes in rats after high intensity exercise
Authors: Kinoshita S. , Yano H. , Tsuji E. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAim:  The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of various exercise intensities on damage to the hepatic parenchymal cells.Methods:  Male Wistar rats were subjected to forced exercise by treadmill running at 60 and 80% of maximum oxygen uptake () for 120 min, sacrificed immediately and 6 h after the exercise, and then the perfused liver was stained with trypan blue solution to estimate the local damage to the liver.Results:  Although there were no significant increases in damaged hepatic cells immediately after both intensities of exercise, these damaged cells, in particular pericentral hepatocytes, significantly increased at 6 h after the exercise at the 80%. However, there were no significant increases in the serum glutamic–oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic–pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activities immediately and 6 h after both intensities of exercise.Conclusions:  These results suggested that hepatocytes suffered damage after high‐intensity exercise, although these histochemical findings in the liver were not observed immediately after the exercise. In addition, in the case of physical activity, there might not be an intimate relationship between the release of enzyme as a hepatic functional biomarker and hepatocyte damage.
Various inotropic effects of angiotensin II in post‐ischaemic rat hearts depending on ischaemic time with possible involvement of protein kinase C
Authors: Wang Q.‐D. , Nygren E. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAims:  The present study investigated if the inotropic effect of angiotensin II (AngII) is altered during post‐ischaemic reperfusion in hearts subjected to mild and severe ischaemia. The possible involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in the change in the inotropic effect was also investigated.Methods:  Isolated Langendorff‐perfused rat hearts were perfused under constant flow with oxygenated Krebs–Henseleit buffer and paced at 360 beats min−1. A saline‐filled balloon catheter inserted into the left ventricle was used for measurement of contractile force. In the first series of experiments, hearts were subjected to continuous perfusion, 15‐ or 25‐min global ischaemia followed by 45‐min reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion, 0.1 μmol L−1 AngII was infused for 5 min. In a second series of experiments, AngII was infused in hearts subjected to 25‐min ischaemia followed by 45‐min reperfusion in the absence or presence of the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine chloride (5 μmol L−1).Results:  The current study demonstrates that AngII exerts a positive inotropic effect in normoxic hearts with an increase of left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) by 11% (P < 0.05 vs. prior to AngII infusion). In post‐ischaemic hearts subjected to 15‐min ischaemia no effect of AngII was observed. In hearts subjected to 25 min of ischaemia, however, AngII evoked a negative inotropic response with a decrease of LVDP by 18% (P < 0.05 vs. prior to AngII infusion). The negative inotropic effect of AngII was inhibited by the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine chloride.Conclusions:  AngII exerts negative inotropic effect in severely injured post‐ischaemic heart, possibly through the PKC pathway.
Involvement of enteric nerves in permeability changes due to deoxycholic acid in rat jejunum in vivo
Authors: Fihn B.‐M. , Sjöqvist A. , Jodal M. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAim:  Stress and Clostridium difficile toxin A increase epithelial permeability in the small intestine via vagus and visceral afferents, in turn activating mucosal mast cells. Bile acids also increase epithelial permeability but it is not known if nerves or mast cells are involved in this effect in the small intestine.Method:  In jejunum of anesthetized rats, the effects of hexamethonium and atropine on deoxycholic acid (DCA) induced fluid secretion and increase in epithelial permeability was therefore studied by determining the appearance and disappearance rates of 14C‐mannitol and 51Cr‐EDTA into and from a perfusion system containing 4 or 8 mm DCA and expressed as clearance.Results:  DCA increased net fluid transport and appearance and to a less extent disappearance rates of the probes. Hexamethonium but not atropine, chronic denervation or the NO synthase inhibitor l‐NNA did significantly decrease the appearance rate and net fluid secretion. The levels of the mast cell protease II (RMCP II) in perfusate and plasma were not increased by DCA. The clearance ratio Cr‐EDTA/mannitol indicates that the plasma clearance of the permeability probes is partly secondary to net fluid transport only at higher DCA concentrations.Conclusion:  We conclude that the DCA effect on epithelial permeability is to a large part induced by intramural reflex(es) containing nicotinic receptors. The results also suggest that mast cell degranulation and NO release are not involved in the mechanism. This indicates that the nerve effect on intestinal paracellular permeability is not mediated by the mechanisms described for stress or Clostridium difficile toxin A.
Effects of nicotinic receptor blockade on the colonic mucosal response to luminal bile acids in anaesthetized rats
Authors: Sun Ying , Fihn Britt‐Marie , Jodal Mats , Sjövall Henrik 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAim: To test the hypothesis that nicotinic receptor mechanisms mediate the effects of bile acids on the colonic mucosa.Methods: The epithelial transport response to 4 mm deoxycholic acid (DCA) was studied in vitro and in vivo, in rat colon. In vitro, epithelial resistance was measured by square pulse analysis, and net membrane current was calculated from the transmucosal potential difference (PD) and resistance. In vivo, we measured PD and net fluid transport.Results: In vitro, DCA significantly increased membrane current and induced a progressive decrease in epithelial resistance, which in the distal colon eventually resulted in a significant PD reduction. This response was not significantly affected by hexamethonium. In vivo, DCA reduced PD with a significantly larger response in distal colon, but had no consistent effect on net fluid absorption. Nicotinic receptor blockade per se increased net fluid absorption and slightly reduced PD in proximal colon, and inhibited spontaneous net fluid secretion and markedly reduced PD in distal colon. Nicotinic receptor blockade significantly attenuated the bile‐acid induced PD response.Conclusion: The data do not support the theory that a bile acid‐activated secretory reflex exists in rat colon. The reduced PD response after hexamethonium suggests that a mechanism involving nicotinic receptors may potentiate the permeability response to luminal bile acids.
13C‐Methacetin metabolism in patients with cirrhosis: relation to disease severity, haemoglobin content and oxygen supply
Authors: Zipprich A. , Meiss F. , Steudel N. , Sziegoleit U. , Fleig W. E. , Kleber G. 
Published: June 2003

SummaryBackground:  Hypoxia may contribute to impairment of liver function and thus interfere with results of liver tests. In patients with cirrhosis, cytochrome P‐450 mediated metabolism of substrates is facilitated in the presence of supplemental oxygen. It has not been studied how this relates to liver function and haemoglobin content.Aim:  We questioned how oxygen supplementation would influence the hepatic microsomal function as assessed by the 13C‐methacetin breath test in patients with cirrhosis of different severity and different degrees of anaemia.Methods: 13C/12C ratios in exhaled breath assessed by non‐dispersive infrared spectrometry were studied in 34 patients with cirrhosis (Child A/B/C 9/17/8) after administration of 75 mg 13C‐methacetin p.o. with and without oxygen inhalation (4 L/min).Results:  In patients breathing room air the total amount of 13C exhaled weakly correlated both with the Child–Pugh score (r = − 0.41, P < 0.02) and haemoglobin concentrations (r = 0.46; p = 0.006). Oxygen supplementation increased the total amount of 13C exhaled by 68 ± 90% (P < 0.001). This effect was similar in Child–Pugh classes A (43 ± 55%), B (83 ± 80%) and C (66 ± 123%) and not related to the Child–Pugh score.Conclusions:  Our results suggest that tests of microsomal liver function are independently influenced both by oxygen delivery and the Child–Pugh score.
Inflammatory infiltrate of chronic periradicular lesions: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Liapatas S. , Nakou M. , Rontogianni D. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAim  To determine the cellular profile of human chronic periradicular lesions using immunohistochemical methods in order to study the differences in the cell infiltrate of periradicular granulomas and cysts.Methodology  The study population consisted of 45 individuals without any systemic disease. Biopsies were obtained during periradicular surgery. Paraffin‐embedded sections were stained by the avidin–biotin complex method (ABC), whilst cryostat tissue sections were stained using the alkaline phosphatase antialkaline phosphatase assay (APAAP). These methods are highly valid and sensitive using a panel of specific monoclonal antibodies: CD4, CD8, CD3, CD10, HLADR, CD20, CD45RO, CD68 and CD57. The 45 specimens were characterized by the use of both techniques.Results  The 45 specimens were histologically diagnosed as: 25 periradicular granulomas, 17 periradicular cysts and 3 scar tissues. No statistically significant differences were detected in the inflammatory infiltrate between periradicular granulomas and cysts. Observation of the sections showed that the majority of inflammatory cells consisted of T and B lymphocytes and macrophages. T and B lymphocytes were equally distributed in 60% of the cases. The T4/T8 ratio ranged approximately from 1 to 3 and greater, being consistent with inflammation of periradicular tissues. The final differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells was also detected, whilst natural killer (NK) cells were found in only 10 cases (22%). Moreover, antigen presenting cells and T suppressor/cytotoxic cells were found to be associated with both pre‐existing and newly formed epithelium.Conclusions  Periradicular granulomas and cysts represent two different stages in the development of chronic periradicular pathosis as a normal result of the process of immune reactions that cannot be inhibited.
How important are large vs. small forest remnants for the conservation of the woodland flora in an urban context?
Authors: Godefroid Sandrine , Koedam Nico 
Published: June 2003

ABSTRACTAim  To test whether, in an urban area, small forest fragments are more important than large ones, the present study aimed at firstly exploring the relationship between plant functional groups or individual species and urban woodlot characteristics such as patch area and isolation, and secondly investigating whether equal‐sized combinations of islands tend to differ in species richness.Location  The city of Brussels.Methods  We considered the relationship between size, species richness and plant functional groups among one very large (1666 ha) and 11 rather small (2–123 ha) woodlots.Results  The largest woodlot harboured species missing in the smaller ones. The species‐area relationship plotted for these wooded patches fitted the semilog model very well. Twenty‐three species had a significantly higher frequency in the main forest. Only six species had a significantly higher frequency in smaller woodlots. The occurrence of species groups with high conservation value (e.g. ancient forest species, rare species) was higher in large patches. However, a SLOSS analysis showed that habitat subdivision appeared to be associated with increased species counts. A marginally nonsignificant effect of distance to the main forest became significant when matrix species were removed from the patch samples.Conclusions  Although overall the data showed a higher conservation value for large woods, some plant functional groups (e.g. woodland species vs. ancient forest species) responded differently to fragmentation. This illustrates that, for conservation strategies, studies considering the biotic characteristics of remnants should focus on the species number of particular plant functional groups, especially those with high conservation value. Furthermore, matrix species should be removed from the analysis in order not to mask underlying patch size and distance effects.
Cardiovasoactive Peptides in Hemodialysis Patients: Diagnostic Tools and Predictors of Outcome: A Review of Present Knowledge and Future Directions
Authors: Odar‐Cederlöf I. , Kjellstrand C. M. 
Published: June 2003

The main cardiovasoactive peptides involved in cardiovascular adaptation to renal failure and dialysis are reviewed with a special focus on their possible role in pathophysiology, diagnosis of cardiovascular and fluid volume abnormalities, and prognostic information. The role of vasoactive peptides in cardiovascular stability during hemodialysis (HD) are best seen in sequential HD, where the release of vasoconstrictors is stimulated by volume reduction during ultrafiltration, but is blunted during isovolemic HD, whereas plasma vasodilators increase. Plasma levels of the natriuretic peptides atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are elevated in fluid volume overload and heart failure and decrease during dialysis. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is elevated in severe volume overload and hypertension and calcitonin gene‐related peptide in large‐volume overload. Plasma BNP increases with left ventricular failure and improves during dialysis. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system as reflected by increased plasma levels of NPY is associated with poor prognosis. High levels of the natriuretic peptides ANP and BNP are likewise predictors of poor prognosis. Determinations of plasma levels of cardiovasoactive peptides may be helpful in clinical practice to diagnose volume overload and heart failure and to assess the severity of heart failure and of hypertension, as a guide to the choice of dialysis treatment and pharmacotherapy and to monitor treatment. Clinical studies will be needed in HD patients to establish the value of measurement of plasma cardiovasoactive peptides in clinical practice. The research in this field is still in its infancy and promises to be exciting in the future. There appears to be a balance of vasomotor tone and cardiac response to meet any emergency and stress such as intermittent dialysis. Further knowledge will increase our chances for major therapeutic interventions.
Hematologic recovery after autologous PBPC transplantation: importance of the number of postthaw CD34+ cells
Authors: Feugier Pierre , Bensoussan Daniele , Girard Florence , Alla Francois , Schuhmacher Anne , Latger‐Cannard Veronique , Hulin Cyrille , Witz Francis , Witz Brigitte , Carret Anne Sophie , Bordigoni Pierre , Lederlin Pierre , Janot Christian 
Published: June 2003

BACKGROUND: The implementation of a quality‐assurance program is a major requirement to ensure quality and safety of the final PBPC components intended for clinical use. It is not clear whether the quantification of CFU‐GM and CD34+ cells should be done on fresh components and after cryopreservation, which better represents the actual composition of the graft.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Correlation between prefreeze and postthaw MNCs, CD34+ cells, and CFU‐GM collected from 126 patients undergoing BMT (n=43) or PBPC (n =83) transplantation were evaluated. The statistical incidence of prefreeze and postthaw parameters as well as patient characteristics and conditioning regimens on hematologic recovery were analyzed.RESULTS: By multivariate analysis, prefreeze and postthaw CD34+ cells were the only two variables significantly and independently correlated to hematologic recovery. Low prefreeze and postthaw CD34+ cell numbers associated to a low CD34+ yield characterize PBPC grafts from patients who have the slowest hematologic recovery. The postthaw PBPC CD34+ cell number can be estimated before conditioning regimen by thawing a small aliquot of the graft.CONCLUSION: In association to prefreeze CD34+ cell number and to CD34+ yield, postthaw CD34+ cell number may be useful in monitoring cell loss during processing and identifying patients at risk of slow PBPC engraftment.
An automatable format for accurate immunohematology testing by flow cytometry
Authors: Roback John D. , Barclay Sheilagh , Hillyer Christopher D. 
Published: June 2003

BACKGROUND: Current immunohematology testing methods have limitations including cost, throughput, and adaptability to automation. Furthermore, current automated and semiautomated workstations cannot accommodate many other tests relevant to blood transfusion.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Authentic clinical samples from hospitalized patients were tested for ABO group, D type, and presence of RBC alloantibodies by column agglutination technology (CAT), standard tube methods, and a recently developed flow cytometry (FC) technique. Included were challenging samples with rouleaux, autoantibodies, mixed‐field reactions, and weak antibodies. Antibody staining of RBCs for FC was initially performed in test tubes and subsequently in microtiter filter plates interfaced with a vacuum manifold.RESULTS: When antibody staining was performed in tubes, FC testing determined the correct ABO group and D type for 99.1 percent of 222 clinical samples, as compared to accuracies of 91.9 percent for CAT and 95.0 percent for standard tube testing. FC testing also detected 99.5 percent of clinically relevant RBC alloantibodies in 239 patient samples, as compared to 98.9 percent for CAT and 94.7 percent for LISS‐IAT. Using the FC filter plate technique, 104 of 109 samples (95.4%) were correctly typed for ABO and D (the remaining five samples were read as “no type determined” due to RBC and serum testing discrepancies), and RBC alloantibodies of the IgG and IgM classes were correctly identified in 98.3 percent of samples.CONCLUSIONS: Optimized FC testing methods that are comparable in accuracy to standard CAT and tube methods are described. When used with filter plates, this methodology should allow rapid and cost‐effective immunohematology testing of both patient and donor samples in an automated workstation format. The same workstation should support automation of other pretransfusion assays that can be analyzed by FC.
Psychosocial factors at work and self reported health: comparative results of cross sectional and prospective analyses of the French GAZEL cohort
Authors: Niedhammer I , Chea M 
Published: June 2003

Background:Psychosocial factors at work have been found to be significant contributors to health, especially cardiovascular health.Aims:To explore the relation between psychosocial factors at work and self reported health, using cross sectional and prospective analyses for a large occupational cohort of men and women.Methods:Psychosocial factors at work were evaluated using the Karasek questionnaire, designed to measure psychological demands, decision latitude, social support, and physical demands. Self reported health was used as health outcome. Covariates included chronic diseases, and sociodemographic, occupational, and behavioural factors. The cross sectional and prospective analyses concerned respectively 11 447 and 7664 workers. Men and women were analysed separately.Results:Cross sectional analysis revealed significant associations between psychological demands, decision latitude, social support, and physical demands, and self reported health for both men and women. Prospective analysis showed that high psychological demands for both genders, low decision authority for men, and low social support and high physical demands for women were predictive of poor self reported health. These results were independent of potential confounding variables.Conclusions:Results highlight the predictive effects of psychosocial factors at work on self reported health in a one year follow up study. They also underline the need for longitudinal study design and separate analyses for men and women in the field of psychosocial factors at work.
Electrochemical copolymerization of pyrrole and propylene oxide
Authors: Shi Chenjun , Xue Huaiguo , Shen Zhiquan , Li Yongfang , Yang Chunhe 
Published: June 2003

AbstractA copolymer of pyrrole and propylene oxide was synthesized by an electrochemical method. The product was confirmed to be a copolymer by electrochemical and spectral experiments. The influences of the electrode materials and solvents on the copolymerization were explored. A probable mechanism was proposed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2624–2627, 2003