bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obtaining cumin (Cuminum Cymminum) essential oils by steam distillation. Part I: investigation of operation parameters on essential oil yield and distribution of oil composition
Authors: Yazıcı Ömer , Sevgili Lutfullah M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of pretreatment (grinding), packing material (raschig rings) and vacuum on the yield and the component distribution of the essential oil of cumin during steam distillation was investigated. Concurrently, kinetic studies were conducted to examine the essential oil yield.RESULTSAt the end of 120 min, the yield under normal conditions was 0.79, 1.26, 1.90 and 2.36 for nonground and 20‐, 40‐ and 80‐s ground cumin seeds, respectively. Equivalent figures in a vacuum were 0.64, 1.56 and 1.95 for nonground, 40‐ and 80‐s ground cumin seeds, respectively. When raschig rings were used, the yield value was 1.99 and 2.06 under normal and vacuum conditions, respectively, for cumin seeds ground for 80 s. Under normal conditions, the cumin aldehyde percentages of the nonground sample, and the 40‐ and 80‐s ground samples was 51.31, 33.59 and 32.54, respectively, and under vacuum, 70.00, 49.02 and 40.59, respectively. Six kinetic models were applied with sufficient R2 values. Drug release models were first applied to kinetic data successfully.ConclusionGrinding cumin seeds in a blender increased the essential oil yield up to three‐fold and Raschig rings as a packing material also contributed to this increase. The effect of complex mechanisms such as sample positioning and flow regime on the essential oil yield during the washing stage was observed. Although there was minimal difference (3.8%) in the yield values for the experiments with nonground cumin samples, the slight variation in essential oil yield observed in the experiments with each ground cumin sample may be attributed to the particle distribution, positioning and flow regime. So, five cases were determined depending on positioning. Cumin aldehyde has the highest composition in all time intervals after 10 min at the fractional distillation under vacuum. However sabinene was relatively higher only in the early time interval at 0‐10 min. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The effects of quinoa bran dietary fiber on glucose and lipid metabolism and hepatic transcriptome in obese rats
Authors: Ge Yunfei , Shi Yu , Wei Chunhong , Uthamapriya Rajavel Arumugam , Wu Yunjiao , Cao LongKui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs a complex chronic metabolic disease, obesity not only affects the quality of human life but also increases the risk of various other diseases. Therefore, it is important to investigate the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic effects of dietary interventions that counteract obesity.RESULTSIn this study, we extracted soluble (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from quinoa bran using an enzymatic method and further investigated their effects on lipid metabolism and blood lipid levels in obese rats. Quinoa bran dietary fiber showed significantly reduced body weight, blood glucose level, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to those in the model group of obese rats. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly lower in the IDF group, demonstrating that IDF improved liver injury more significantly than SDF, which was consistent with the analysis of liver tissue sections. IDF supplementation significantly improved the oxidation resistance of obese rats by decreasing malondialdehyde and increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels compared to the high‐fat diet group levels. Transcriptome analysis showed that IDF caused hepatic changes in genes (Ehhadh, PPARα, FADS, CPT1, CPT2, SCD‐1, Acadm, and CYP7A1) related to fatty acid degradation, and this result coincided with that of the gene expression validation result.CONCLUSIONOverall, our research offers crucial data for the logical development of dietary fiber from quinoa bran with nutritional purposes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Dual‐band sub‐6‐GHz frequency filtering with optically transparent single‐layer dual‐polarized smart surface
Authors: Can Sultan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOptically transparent dual‐band frequency‐selective surfaces (FSSs) are promising candidates to address the specific design challenges of the Internet of Things. This paper demonstrates their potential by discussing different configurations of the two single‐layer FSS designs on an innovative optically transparent polyvinyl chloride surface material. First, FSS cells consist of two cross dipoles placed forming angles of , where each rotated dipole structure parallel to the other. Then, in the second design, each one of the two cells is mirrored to enable polarization control for each band. As a proof‐of‐concept, five prototypes of each design having a unit cell size of are fabricated through a combination of cost‐effective printing and shearing. The manufactured prototypes yield more than 93% transparency and robust dual‐band performance. Moreover, more than 20 and 40 dB isolation for lower‐ and upper‐frequency bands are achieved from the fabricated prototypes. High‐transparency, cost‐effectiveness, and robust high performance in terms of suppression make both structures suitable for sub‐6‐GHz fifth generation applications.
Preparation of a thermally conductive phase‐change coating with good anti‐corrosion
Authors: Hu Cheng , Li Yang‐Chang‐Yao , Hu Yu , Zhao Zheng‐Bai , Bu Ming‐Sheng , Li Qi‐Yuan , Du Xiang‐Yun , Liao Yun‐Hong , Wang Xiao , Li Wei‐Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolyethylene glycol (PEG) is a widely available and environmentally friendly phase change material known for its high energy storage capacity. However, its application in various industries is limited due to slow heat absorption and release, poor mechanical properties, and inadequate weather resistance. PEG was blended with waterborne epoxy resin (WER) to improve its mechanical properties and weather resistance. Furthermore, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and boron nitride (BN) were incorporated into the WER/PEG resin substrate to prepare WER/PEG/BN@GNP coatings, resulting in enhanced thermal conductivity. When the GNP content was 0.5 wt%, the WER/PEG/BN@GNP coatings performed excellent anti‐corrosion. Otherwise, the leakage of PEG under heat‐cool cycling was addressed by the preparation of WER/PEG/BN@GNP coatings, as well as the low rates of heat absorption and release. In this work, the preparation method successfully combines the phase‐change characteristics of PEG, the outstanding mechanical properties of WER, and the high thermal conductivity of BN and GNP. The WER/PEG/BN@GNP coatings present significant potential for practical applications.Highlights
A new coating is prepared by incorporation of BN/GNP into PEG/WER matrix.
The prepared coating performs phase change and good heat conduction efficiency.
The phase‐transition leakage of PEG is resolved by the combination with WER.
The synergy of BN and GNP fillers can enhance thermal conductivity effectively.
The prepared coating exhibits insulation and anti‐corrosion at low GNP content.
Thienyltriazine Based Star Molecules: Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Rani Kumar Neha , Agrawal Abhijeet R. , Choudhury Aditya , Zade Sanjio S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThienyltriazine (TT) is a C3h symmetric system consisting of an acceptor core and donor arms. Here we report the design, synthesis and characterization of a series of aryl (naphthalene, NP; benzodithiophene, BDTP; BODIPY, BDPY; hexyl thiophene, HT; imidazole, IMZ; indole, IN) functionalized thienyltriazine containing star molecules (TTNP, TTBDTP, TTBDPY, TTHT, TTIMZ and TTIN). The electronic properties of these compounds in the solution were studied by ultraviolet‐visible absorption and emission spectroscopies, and cyclic voltammetric studies. The star molecule (SM) consisting of thienyltriazine and BDPY unit (TTBDPY) shows the most red‐shifted absorption and emission wavelength indicative of its most extended conjugation. The results of the experimental observations reveal that changing the nature of the peripheral aryl unit helps to efficiently tune the optical properties of the resulting system.
Re‐Designing Cellulosic Core–Shell Composite Fibers for Advanced Photothermal and Thermal‐Regulating Performance
Authors: Zhang Zihuan , Mao Hui , Kong Yuying , Niu Panpan , Zheng Jieyuan , Liu Pingwei , Wang Wen‐Jun , Li Yuanyuan , Yang Xuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFlexible fibers and textiles featuring photothermal conversion and storage capacities are ideal platforms for solar‐energy utilization and wearable thermal management. Other than using fossil‐fuel‐based synthetic fibers, re‐designing natural fibers with nanotechnology is a sustainable but challenging option. Herein, advanced core–shell structure fibers based on plant‐based nanocelluloses are obtained using a facile co‐axial wet‐spinning process, which has superior photothermal and thermal‐regulating performances. Besides serving as the continuous matrix, nanocelluloses also have two other important roles: dispersing agent when exfoliating molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and stabilizer for phase change materials (PCM) in the form of Pickering emulsion. Consequently, the shell layer contains well‐oriented nanocelluloses and MoS2, and the core layer contains a high content of PCM in a leak‐proof encapsulated manner. Such a hierarchical cellulosic supportive structure leads to high mechanical strength (139 MPa), favorable flexibility, and large latent heat (92.0 J g−1), surpassing most previous studies. Furthermore, the corresponding woven cloth demonstrates satisfactory thermal‐regulating performance, high solar‐thermal conversion and storage efficiency (78.4–84.3%), and excellent long‐term performance. In all, this work paves a new way to build advanced structures by assembling nanoparticles and polymers for functional composite fibers in advanced solar‐energy‐related applications.
A Self‐Assembled 3D/0D Quasi‐Core–Shell Structure as Internal Encapsulation Layer for Stable and Efficient FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules
Authors: Wang Yuqi , Yang Chao , Wang Zhen , Li Gu , Yang Zhengchi , Wen Xinyang , Hu Xiaowen , Jiang Yue , Feng Shien‐Ping , Chen Yiwang , Zhou Guofu , Liu Jun‐Ming , Gao Jinwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFAPbI3 perovskites have garnered considerable interest owing to their outstanding thermal stability, along with near‐theoretical bandgap and efficiency. However, their inherent phase instability presents a substantial challenge to the long‐term stability of devices. Herein, this issue through a dual‐strategy of self‐assembly 3D/0D quasi‐core–shell structure is tackled as an internal encapsulation layer, and in situ introduction of excess PbI2 for surface and grain boundary defects passivating, therefore preventing moisture intrusion into FAPbI3 perovskite films. By utilizing this method alone, not only enhances the stability of the FAPbI3 film but also effectively passivates defects and minimizes non‐radiative recombination, ultimately yielding a champion device efficiency of 23.23%. Furthermore, the devices own better moisture resistance, exhibiting a T80 lifetime exceeding 3500 h at 40% relative humidity (RH). Meanwhile, a 19.51% PCE of mini‐module (5 × 5 cm2) is demonstrated. This research offers valuable insights and directions for the advancement of stable and highly efficient FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells.
A Novel Bubble‐based Microreactor for Enhanced Mass Transfer Dynamics toward Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction
Authors: Liu Hengyuan , Liu Yingzhe , Yu Xude , Huang Xintong , Zhang Jingwei , Chen Zhuo , Xu Jianhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) is a promising method for sustainable ammonia production. Although the majority of studies on the eNRR are devoted to developing efficient electrocatalysts, it is critical to study the influence of mass transfer because of the poor N2 transfer efficiency. Herein, a novel bubble‐based microreactor (BBMR) is proposed that efficiently promotes the mass transfer behavior during the eNRR using microfluidic strategies. The BBMR possesses abundant triphasic interfaces and provides spatial confinement and accurate potential control, ensuring rapid mass transfer dynamics and improved eNRR performance, as confirmed by experimental and simulation studies. The ammonia yield of the reaction over Ag nanoparticles can be enhanced to 31.35 µg h−1 mgcat.−1, which is twice that of the H‐cell. Excellent improvements are also achieved using Ru/C and Fe/g‐CN catalysts, with 5.0 and 8.5 times increase in ammonia yield, respectively. This work further demonstrates the significant effect of mass transfer on the eNRR performance and provides an effective strategy for process enhancement through electrode design.
Protein‐Loaded Cellular Nanosponges for Dual‐Biomimicry Neurotoxin Countermeasure
Authors: Wang Shuyan , Wang Dan , Shen Wei‐Ting , Kai Mingxuan , Yu Yiyan , Peng Yifei , Xian Nianfei , Fang Ronnie H. , Gao Weiwei , Zhang Liangfang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeurotoxins present a substantial threat to human health and security as they disrupt and damage the nervous system. Their potent and structurally diverse nature poses challenges in developing effective countermeasures. In this study, a unique nanoparticle design that combines dual‐biomimicry mechanisms to enhance the detoxification efficacy of neurotoxins is introduced. Using saxitoxin (STX), one of the deadliest neurotoxins, and its natural binding protein saxiphilin (Sxph) as a model system, human neuronal membrane‐coated and Sxph‐loaded metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosponges (denoted “Neuron‐MOF/Sxph‐NS”) are successfully developed. The resulting Neuron‐MOF/Sxph‐NS exhibit a biomimetic design that not only emulates host neurons for function‐based detoxification through the neuronal membrane coating, but also mimics toxin‐resistant organisms by encapsulating the Sxph protein within the nanoparticle core. The comprehensive in vitro assays, including cell osmotic swelling, calcium flux, and cytotoxicity assays, demonstrate the improved detoxification efficacy of Neuron‐MOF/Sxph‐NS. Furthermore, in mouse models of STX intoxication, the application of Neuron‐MOF/Sxph‐NS shows significant survival benefits in both therapeutic and prophylactic regimens, without any apparent acute toxicity. Overall, the development of Neuron‐MOF/Sxph‐NS represents an important advancement in neurotoxin detoxification, offering promising potential for treating injuries and diseases caused by neurotoxins and addressing the current limitations in neurotoxin countermeasures.
Modelling of air emissions from open burning of municipal waste in Ilorin Metropolis, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Adeniran Jamiu A. , Aremu Adeniyi S. , Abdulraheem Khadijat A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIncreased urbanization and population growth have led to a rise in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation, necessitating the need for improved infrastructure and handling methods. Improper disposal practices, particularly open burning at dumpsites, have become common in emerging urban cities, posing serious environmental and health risks. This study aims at evaluating the pollutants often emitted into the environment during the open burning of solid wastes using the American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) model under three scenarios. The ground‐level concentrations of pollutants emitted were compared with the statutory limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) at selected receptor locations. The predicted maximum concentrations from the model for PM2.5 were 4184, 8633, and 10,419 μg/m3 and for PM10 were 16,481, 20,915, and 23,114 μg/m3 for scenarios 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The WHO limits of PM2.5 and PM10 were observed to be exceeded from 2500%–17,400% and 312.5%–4200% for scenario three representing the worst‐case scenario. Ilorin metropolis was revealed to be the receptor location with the highest impact. Waste‐to‐energy and other cleaner waste treatment options should be adopted to protect public health and environment.
MKT1 alleles regulate stress responses through posttranscriptional modulation of Puf3 targets in budding yeast
Authors: Chaithanya Koppisetty Viswa , Sinha Himanshu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMKT1 is a pleiotropic stress response gene identified by several quantitative trait studies with MKT189G as a causal variant, contributing to growth advantage in multiple stress environments. MKT1 has been shown to regulate HO endonuclease posttranscriptionally via the Pbp1–Pab1 complex. RNA‐binding protein Puf3 modulates a set of nuclear‐encoded mitochondrial transcripts whose expression was found to be affected by MKT1 alleles. This study attempts to relate the MKT1 allele‐derived growth advantage with the stability of Puf3 targets during stress and elucidate the roles of Pbp1 and Puf3 in this mechanism. Our results showed that the growth advantage of the MKT189G allele in cycloheximide and H2O2 was PBP1‐dependent, whereas in 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide, the growth advantage was dependent on both PUF3 and PBP1. We compared the messenger RNA decay kinetics of a set of Puf3 targets in multiple stress environments to understand the allele‐specific regulation by MKT1. In oxidative stress, the MKT189G allele modulated the differential expression of nuclear‐encoded mitochondrial genes in a PBP1‐ and PUF3‐dependent manner. Additionally, MKT189G stabilised Puf3 targets, namely, COX17, MRS1 and RDL2, in an allele and stress‐specific manner. Our results showed that COX17, MRS1 and RDL2 had a stress‐specific response in stress environments, with the MKT189G allele contributing to better growth; this response was both PBP1‐ and PUF3‐dependent. Our results indicate that the common allele, MKT189G, regulates stress responses by differentially stabilising Puf3‐target mitochondrial genes, which allows for the strain's better growth in stress environments.
Detection of inorganic arsenic in rice using a field-deployable method with Cola extraction
Authors: Wehmeier Silvia , Preihs Marc , Dressler Julia , Raab Andrea , Feldmann Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRice is a staple food and known to accumulate inorganic arsenic (iAs), which is a class 1 carcinogen to humans. Arsenic field-deployable method kits, designed for water testing, are able to screen iAs in rice, to assure food safety and quick decision-making without the need for laboratory analysis. For the arsenic extraction within the field method, nitric acid is used. To make the field method on-site safer, cost-effective and easier to handle, the method was adapted using a Cola in the extraction process. The adapted field-deployable method was tested by screening a total of 30 rice and rice products from the Austrian market. To verify the results obtained by the Cola extraction field-deployable method, the obtained iAs concentration was compared to HPLC-ICP-MS results. The Cola extraction field method obtained an LOD of 39 µg iAs kg−1 rice, and with an average reproducibility of 14% RSD, the method was capable of recording no false-negative but 7% false-positive values at the 2023 updated European Commission (EC) limits for rice. All, but one, screened rice samples were within the EU limits for iAs in rice and rice products.
Voluntary running wheel exercise induces cognitive improvement post traumatic brain injury in mouse model through redressing aberrant excitation regulated by voltage-gated sodium channels 1.1, 1.3, and 1.6
Authors: Wang Dan , Zhang Hui-Xiang , Yan Guo-Ji , Zhao Hao-Ran , Dong Xiao-Han , Tan Ya-Xin , Li Shan , Lu Min-Nan , Mei Rong , Liu Li-Na , Wang Xu-Yang , Xiyang Yan-Bin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to disturbed brain discharge rhythm, elevated excitability, anxiety-like behaviors, and decreased learning and memory capabilities. Cognitive dysfunctions severely affect the quality of life and prognosis of TBI patients, requiring effective rehabilitation treatment. Evidence indicates that moderate exercise after brain injury decreases TBI-induced cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanism remains unelucidated. Our results demonstrate that TBI causes cognitive impairment behavior abnormalities and overexpression of Nav1.1, Nav1.3 and Nav1.6 proteins inside the hippocampus of mice models. Three weeks of voluntary running wheel (RW) exercise treatments before or/and post-injury effectively redressed the aberrant changes caused by TBI. Additionally, a 10% exercise-conditioned medium helped recover cell viability, neuronal sodium current and expressions of Nav1.1, Nav1.3 and Nav1.6 proteins across cultured neurons after injury. Therefore, the results validate the neuroprotection induced by voluntary RW exercise treatment before or/and post-TBI. The RW exercise-induced improvement in cognitive behaviors and neuronal excitability could be associated with correcting the Nav1.1, Nav1.3, and Nav1.6 expression levels. The current study proves that voluntary exercise is an effective treatment strategy against TBI. The study also highlights novel potential targets for rehabilitating TBI, including the Navs proteins.
Reducing alertness does not affect line bisection bias in neurotypical participants
Authors: Smaczny Stefan , Bauder Dominik , Sperber Christoph , Karnath Hans-Otto , de Haan Bianca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlertness, or one’s general readiness to respond to stimulation, has previously been shown to affect spatial attention. However, most of this previous research focused on speeded, laboratory-based reaction tasks, as opposed to the classical line bisection task typically used to diagnose deficits of spatial attention in clinical settings. McIntosh et al. (Cogn Brain Res 25:833–850, 2005) provide a form of line bisection task which they argue can more sensitively assess spatial attention. Ninety-eight participants were presented with this line bisection task, once with and once without spatial cues, and both before and after a 50-min vigilance task that aimed to decrease alertness. A single participant was excluded due to potentially inconsistent behaviour in the task, leaving 97 participants for the full analyses. While participants were, on a group level, less alert after the 50-min vigilance task, they showed none of the hypothesised effects of reduced alertness on spatial attention in the line bisection task, regardless of with or without spatial cues. Yet, they did show the proposed effect of decreased alertness leading to a lower level of general attention. This suggests that alertness has no effect on spatial attention, as measured by a line bisection task, in neurotypical participants. We thus conclude that, in neurotypical participants, the effect of alertness on spatial attention can be examined more sensitively with tasks requiring a speeded response compared to unspeeded tasks.