bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A transcriptomic analysis of skeletal muscle tissues reveals promising candidate genes and pathways accountable for different daily weight gain in Hanwoo cattle
Authors: Sheet Sunirmal , Jang Sun Sik , Kim Jae Hwan , Park Woncheoul , Kim Dahye 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCattle traits like average daily weight gain (ADG) greatly impact profitability. Selecting based on ADG considering genetic variability can lead to economic and genetic advancements in cattle breeding. This study aimed to unravel genetic influences on ADG variation in Hanwoo cattle at the skeletal muscle transcriptomic level. RNA sequencing was conducted on longissimus dorsi (LD), semimembranosus (SB), and psoas major (PM) muscles of 14 steers assigned to same feed, grouped by low (≤ 0.71 kg) and high (≥ 0.77 kg) ADG. At P ≤ 0.05 and log2fold > 1.5, the distinct pattern of gene expression was identified with 184, 172, and 210 differentially expressed genes in LD, SB, and PM muscles, respectively. Tissue-specific responses to ADG variation were evident, with myogenesis and differentiation associated JAK-STAT signaling pathway and prolactin signaling pathways enriched in LD and SB muscles, while adipogenesis-related PPAR signaling pathways were enriched in PM muscle. Key hub genes (AXIN2, CDKN1A, MYC, PTGS2, FZD5, SPP1) were upregulated and functionally significant in muscle growth and differentiation. Notably, DPP6, CDKN1A, and FZD5 emerged as possible candidate genes linked to ADG variation. These findings enhance our understanding of genetic factors behind ADG variation in Hanwoo cattle, illuminating skeletal muscle mechanisms influencing ADG.
Association of baseline electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy with future renal function decline in the general population
Authors: Ikeda Shota , Shinohara Keisuke , Tagawa Koshiro , Tohyama Takeshi , Kishimoto Junji , Kazurayama Masaya , Tanaka Shinji , Yamaizumi Masamitsu , Nagayoshi Hirokazu , Toyama Kensuke , Matsushima Shouji , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Kinugawa Shintaro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) could predict adverse renal outcomes in patients with hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the association between electrocardiographic LVH and future decline in renal function in the general population using a dataset of population-based health checkups from 2010 to 2019 including 19,825 participants. Electrocardiographic LVH was defined according to the Minnesota code. Renal function decline was defined as a decrease of ≥ 25% in the estimated glomerular filtration rate from baseline to < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Electrocardiographic LVH was found in 1263 participants at the baseline visit. The mean follow-up period was 3.4 ± 1.9 years. The incidence rates of renal function decline were 0.30 and 0.78 per 100 person-years in the non-LVH group and LVH groups, respectively. Electrocardiographic LVH was associated with the risk for renal function decline in the adjusted analysis (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.14–2.50, P = 0.009). This association was comparable across subgroups stratified by age, sex, body mass index, diagnosed hypertension, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and urinary protein. This study underscores the usefulness of electrocardiographic LVH to detect high-risk individuals for renal function decline in the setting of health checkups in the general population.
Gender-specific homophily on Instagram and implications on information spread
Authors: Pignolet Yvonne-Anne , Schmid Stefan , Seelisch Arne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMore and more social interactions happen online. On online social networks such as Instagram, millions of users share, like, and comment on photos and videos every day, interacting with other users world wide, at large scale and at a high rate. These networks do not only introduce new user experiences, but they also enable new insights into human behavior. Here, we use these new possibilities to study homophilic behavior—the tendency of individuals to bond with people similar to themselves. While homophilic behavior has been observed in many contexts, little is known about gender-specific differences and the extent of homophilic behavior of female and male users in online social networks. Based on a unique and extensive data set, covering over 800,000 (directed) Instagram interactions and a time span of three years, we shed light on differences between genders and uncover an intriguing asymmetry of homophily. In particular, we show that female users exhibit homophily to a larger extent than male users. The magnitude of this asymmetry depends on the type of interaction, as differences are more pronounced for ‘comment’-interactions than for ‘like’-interactions. Given these empirical observations, we further study the implications of such gender differences on the spread of information in social networks in a basic model. We find that on average, a piece of information that originates from a female group reaches significantly more female users than male users.
Spatial patterns of historical crop yields reveal soil health attributes in US Midwest fields
Authors: Fowler Ames , Basso Bruno , Maureira Fidel , Millar Neville , Ulbrich Ruben , Brinton William F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAttaining high crop yields and increasing carbon storage in agricultural soils, while avoiding negative environmental impacts on water quality, soil erosion, and biodiversity, requires accurate and precise management of crop inputs and management practices. The long-term analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of crop yields provides insights on how yields vary in a field, with parts of field constantly producing either high yields or low yields and other parts that fluctuate from one year to the next. The concept of yield stability has shown to be informative on how plants translate the effects of environmental conditions (e.g., soil, climate, topography) across the field and over the years in the final yield, and as a valuable layer in developing prescription maps of variable fertilizer rate inputs. Using known relationships between soil health and crop yields, we hypothesize that areas with measured constantly low yield will return low carbon to the soil affecting its heath. On this premises, yield stability zones (YSZ) provide an effective and practical integrative measure of the small-scale variability of soil health on a field relative basis. We tested this hypothesis by measuring various metrics of soil health from commercial farmers’ fields in the north central Midwest of the USA in samples replicated across YSZ, using a soil test suite commonly used by producers and stakeholders active in agricultural carbon credits markets. We found that the use of YSZ allowed us to successfully partition field-relative soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil health metrics into statistically distinct regions. Low and stable (LS) yield zones were statistically lower in normalized SOC when compared to high and stable (HS) and unstable (US) yield zones. The drivers of the yield differences within a field are a series of factors ranging from climate, topography and soil. LS zones occur in areas of compacted soil layers or shallow soils (edge of the field) on steeper slopes. The US zones occurring with high water flow accumulation, were more dependent on topography and rainfall. The differences in the components of the overall soil health score (SHS) between these YSZ increased with sample depth suggesting a deeper topsoil in the US and HS zones, driven by the accumulation of water, nutrients, and carbon downslope. Comparison of the field management provided initial evidence that zero tillage reduces the magnitude of the variance in SOC and soil health metrics between the YSZ.
Pan-cancer analyses of the associations between 109 pre-existing conditions and cancer treatment patterns across 19 adult cancers
Authors: Chang Wai Hoong , Lai Alvina G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractComorbidities present considerable challenges to cancer treatment and care. However, little is known about the effect of comorbidity on cancer treatment decisions across a wide range of cancer types and treatment modalities. Harnessing a cohort of 280,543 patients spanning 19 site-specific cancers, we explored pan-cancer frequencies of 109 comorbidities. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between comorbidities and cancer treatment types, while binomial logistic regression examined the association between comorbidities and chemotherapy drug types, adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Patients with comorbidity exhibited lower odds of receiving chemotherapy and multimodality treatment. End-stage renal disease was significantly associated with a decreased odds of receiving chemotherapy and surgery. Patients with prostate cancer who have comorbid non-acute cystitis, obstructive and reflux uropathy, urolithiasis, or hypertension were less likely to receive chemotherapy. Among patients with breast cancer, dementia, left bundle branch block, peripheral arterial disease, epilepsy, Barrett’s oesophagus, ischaemic stroke, unstable angina and asthma were associated with lower odds of receiving multimodal chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. Comorbidity is also consistently associated with the lower odds of receiving chemotherapy when comparing across 10 drug classes. Patients with comorbid dementia, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, oesophageal varices, liver fibrosis sclerosis and cirrhosis and secondary pulmonary hypertension were less likely to receive antimetabolites. Comorbidity can influence the effectiveness and tolerability of cancer treatment and ultimately, prognosis. Multi-specialty collaborative care is essential for the management of comorbidity during cancer treatment, including prophylactic measures to manage toxicities.
Breaking the Hoff/Le Bel rule by an electron-compensation strategy: the global energy minimum of NGa4S4+
Authors: Jia Xiu-dong , Du Zhi-wei 
Published: January 2024

The introduction of S atoms makes ptN-NGa4S4+ more stable than ttN-NGa4S4+. It has proved the applicability of the electron-compensation strategy in designing ptN.
Prediction of the optimal hybrid train trajectory by using artificial neural network models
Authors: Din Tajud , Tian Zhongbei , Bukhari Syed Muhammad Ali Mansur , Din Misbahud , Hillmansen Stuart , Roberts Clive 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the development and validation of two artificial neural networks (ANN) models, utilising time and power‐based architectures, to accurately predict key parameters of a hydrogen hybrid train profile and its optimal trajectory. The research employs a hybrid train simulator (HTS) to authenticate the ANN models, which were trained using simulated trajectories from five unique hybrid trains on a designated route. The models’ performance was evaluated by computing the mean square normalisation error and mean absolute performance error, while the output's reliability was confirmed through the HTS. The results indicate that both ANN models proficiently predict a hybrid train's critical parameters and trajectory, with mean errors ranging from 0.19% to 0.21%. However, the cascade‐forward neural network (CFNN) topology in the time‐based architecture surpasses the feed‐forward neural network (FFNN) topology concerning mean squared error (MSE) and maximum error in the power‐based architecture. Specifically, the CFNN topology within the time‐based structure exhibits a slightly lower MSE and maximum error than its power‐based counterpart. Additionally, the study reveals the average percentage difference between the benchmark and FFNN/CNFN trajectories, highlighting that the time‐based architecture exhibits lower differences (0.18% and 0.85%) compared to the power‐based architecture (0.46% and 0.92%).
Prognostic relevance of ARFI elastography in comparison to liver histology and the FIB-4 score
Authors: Klüppel Moritz , Adler Werner , Schellhaas Barbara , Jesper Daniel , Neurath Markus F , Pfeifer Lukas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose Liver histology has prognostic relevance and is used in surveillance and therapeutic strategies. This longitudinal study was designed to evaluate the prognostic relevance of ARFI elastography in comparison to liver histology and to the FIB-4 score in a 5-year observation interval.
Materials and Methods Based on the hospital database, patients with an elastography examination of the liver between 2010–2012, a liver biopsy, and a follow-up of 5 years were included in the study. The AUROCs of the events liver-related death, HCC, and liver decompensation/variceal bleeding were calculated for ARFI elastography, liver histology, and FIB-4 and compared using the DeLong test.
Results In the final analysis 113 patients were included with 30 (26.5 %) patients having high-grade fibrosis and 19 (16.8 %) having liver cirrhosis in histology. The AUROC for liver-related death in the 5-year interval (9.7 %, n=11) was 0.80 [0.68–0.92] for ARFI elastography, 0.79 [0.66–0.92] for liver histology, and 0.66 [0.53–0.79] for FIB-4 with a p-value of 0.83 comparing ARFI to histology and a p-value of 0.02 comparing ARFI to FIB-4. The AUROC for liver decompensation/variceal bleeding (13.3 %, n=15) was 0.86 [0.76–0.94] for ARFI, which is significantly higher than the AUROC of liver histology with 0.71 [0.56–0.86] (p=0.02) and FIB-4 with 0.67 [0.54–0.80] (p=0.003). There was no significant difference for the event HCC when comparing ARFI to histology (p=0.33) or FIB-4 (p=0.14).
Conclusion The prognostic value of ARFI elastography seems to not be inferior to liver histology regarding liver-related survival and might even outperform histology and the FIB-4 score for predicting some liver-related complications.
Animal and Cell Culture Models of PPGLs – Achievements and
Limitations
Authors: Karna Bhargavi , Pellegata Natalia Simona , Mohr Hermine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResearch on rare tumors heavily relies on suitable models for basic and
translational research. Paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors
(NET), developing from adrenal (pheochromocytoma, PCC) or extra-adrenal (PGL)
chromaffin cells, with an annual incidence of 2–8 cases per million.
While most PPGL cases exhibit slow growth and are primarily treated with
surgery, limited systemic treatment options are available for unresectable or
metastatic tumors. Scarcity of appropriate models has hindered PPGL research,
preventing the translation of omics knowledge into drug and therapy development.
Human PPGL cell lines are not available, and few animal models accurately
replicate the disease’s genetic and phenotypic characteristics. This
review provides an overview of laboratory models for PPGLs, spanning cellular,
tissue, organ, and organism levels. We discuss their features, advantages, and
potential contributions to diagnostics and therapeutics. Interestingly, it
appears that in the PPGL field, disease models already successfully implemented
in other cancers have not been fully explored.
Current Evidence on Local Therapies in Advanced Adrenocortical
Carcinoma
Authors: Kimpel Otilia , Dischinger Ulrich , Altieri Barbara , Fuss Carmina Teresa , Polat Bülent , Kickuth Ralph , Kroiss Matthias , Fassnacht Martin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInternational guidelines emphasise the role of local therapies (LT) for the
treatment of advanced adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). However, large studies are
lacking in this field. Therefore, we performed a review of the literature to
synthesise current evidence and develop clinical guidance. PubMed database was
searched for systematic literature. We identified 119 potentially relevant
articles, of which 21 could be included in our final analysis. All were
retrospective and reported on 374 patients treated with LT for advanced ACC (12
studies on radiotherapy, 3 on transarterial chemoembolisation and
radioembolisation, 4 on image-guided thermal ablation [radiofrequency, microwave
ablation, and cryoablation, and two studies reporting treatment with several
different LT]). Radiotherapy was frequently performed with palliative intention.
However, in most patients, disease control and with higher dosage also partial
responses could be achieved. Data for other LT were more limited, but also point
towards local disease control in a significant percentage of patients. Very few
studies tried to identify factors that are predictive on response. Patients with
a disease-free interval after primary surgery of more than 9 months and
lesions<5 cm might benefit most. Underreporting of toxicities
may be prevalent, but LT appear to be relatively safe overall. Available
evidence on LT for ACC is limited. LT appears to be safe and effective in cases
with limited disease and should be considered depending on local expertise in a
multidisciplinary team discussion.
Structure and Funding of Clinical Informatics Fellowships: A National Survey of Program Directors
Authors: Patel Tushar N. , Chaise Aaron J. , Hanna John J. , Patel Kunal P. , Kochendorfer Karl M. , Medford Richard J. , Mize Dara E. , Melnick Edward R. , Hron Jonathan D. , Youens Kenneth , Pandita Deepti , Leu Michael G. , Ator Gregory A. , Yu Feliciano , Genes Nicholas , Baker Carrie K. , Bell Douglas S. , Pevnick Joshua M. , Conrad Steven A. , Chandawarkar Aarti R. , Rogers Kendall M. , Kaelber David C. , Singh Ila R. , Levy Bruce P. , Finnell John T. , Kannry Joseph , Pageler Natalie M. , Mohan Vishnu , Lehmann Christoph U. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background In 2011, the American Board of Medical Specialties established clinical informatics (CI) as a subspecialty in medicine, jointly administered by the American Board of Pathology and the American Board of Preventive Medicine. Subsequently, many institutions created CI fellowship training programs to meet the growing need for informaticists. Although many programs share similar features, there is considerable variation in program funding and administrative structures.
Objectives The aim of our study was to characterize CI fellowship program features, including governance structures, funding sources, and expenses.
Methods We created a cross-sectional online REDCap survey with 44 items requesting information on program administration, fellows, administrative support, funding sources, and expenses. We surveyed program directors of programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education between 2014 and 2021.
Results We invited 54 program directors, of which 41 (76%) completed the survey. The average administrative support received was $27,732/year. Most programs (85.4%) were accredited to have two or more fellows per year. Programs were administratively housed under six departments: Internal Medicine (17; 41.5%), Pediatrics (7; 17.1%), Pathology (6; 14.6%), Family Medicine (6; 14.6%), Emergency Medicine (4; 9.8%), and Anesthesiology (1; 2.4%). Funding sources for CI fellowship program directors included: hospital or health systems (28.3%), clinical departments (28.3%), graduate medical education office (13.2%), biomedical informatics department (9.4%), hospital information technology (9.4%), research and grants (7.5%), and other sources (3.8%) that included philanthropy and external entities.
Conclusion CI fellowships have been established in leading academic and community health care systems across the country. Due to their unique training requirements, these programs require significant resources for education, administration, and recruitment. There continues to be considerable heterogeneity in funding models between programs. Our survey findings reinforce the need for reformed federal funding models for informatics practice and training.
The quality of life in Czech rural and urban spaces
Authors: Rypl Oldřich , Macků Karel , Pászto Vít 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQuality of life is a frequently discussed topic among scientists, politicians and the general public; it touches on a wide range of scientific disciplines and is discussed in various contexts. Its relation to specific conditions of the external environment, which shape the individual and society, makes it possible to look at it through a geographical lens and study its spatial differentiation. The study aimed to explore and assess the relationships between the objective dimension of the quality of life and the degree of municipal membership in a rural and an urban continuum. Methodologically, the study builds on global and local analyses of the phenomena. Spatial autocorrelation indicated that quality of life data tends to cluster. A positive geographically weighted correlation implied that increased quality of life corresponds with increasing urban space membership. Further, a typology and quantification of the occurrence of the defined types was made. Through this, it was found that the potential for a high quality of life is in the intermediate spaces (suburbs) lying between urban and rural spaces.
Manipulation in exceptional times
Authors: Maillat Didier , Oswald Steve 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers a cognitively-grounded account of manipulative strategies speakers may use to
challenge and discredit scientific discourse in times of crisis, in which the perceived reliability of scientific
communication is vulnerable. Specifically, we explore how such an overwhelming context is ideally
suited for manipulative attempts to spread misinformation. We illustrate our account by analysing two strategies: one
by which political authorities attempted to discredit scientific expertise, and one by which minority experts tried to
weaken mainstream scientific expertise. In so doing, we provide a principled account of the way manipulation targeting
expert voices in public discourse can affect an audience’s epistemic vigilance mechanisms, while offering insights
into the role overwhelming contexts can play in bringing about these manipulative effects.
The apparent-time construct as a proxy to spoken conversational data in the 20th century
Authors: Enghels Renata , Roels Linde 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The 20th century is characterized by important changes in the sociohistorical context of Spain, which have led to
the steady process of colloquialization of Spanish, in both spoken and written language. Still, these major developments
contrast sharply with the scarcity of oral conversational data. This paper investigates whether the apparent-time construct
offers a solution for the data problem. According to this method, a linguistic phenomenon is analyzed across the speech of
different generations during one time period. The basic assumption is that differences between generations mirror historical
developments in language. This study investigates whether generational differences in the use of the Spanish pragmatic marker
sabes ‘you know’ correspond to the grammaticalization cline previously observed in real-time data.
Cultural products, passing fashions, and linguistic changes
Authors: Fedriani Chiara , Molinelli Piera 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study explores the emergence and conventionalization of the Italian pragmatic marker ma vieni
‘hooray’ (lit. ‘but come’) in the short micro-diachrony of the past thirty years, considering both extra-linguistic and
systemic factors. We show that a number of audio-visual media helped trigger the emergence of this marker, which first
conventionalized as a sort of catchphrase for young people in the 1990s, and also helped constrain its social embedding.
Through an analysis of audio-visual media and data collected using a socio-pragmatic questionnaire, we investigate the spread
of ma vieni in its development up to recent years. The chapter thus offers a detailed micro-analysis of a
recent pragmatic innovation, drawing considerably on the theoretical and methodological underpinnings provided by the
analytical construct of apparent time as used in sociolinguistic research to study language change in progress; it also
explores the impact of linguistic modes and cultural tendencies on language, by investigating the intriguing intersection
between entertainment products, passing fashions, and linguistic changes.