bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical records as screening tools for child death review in Japan
Authors: Numaguchi Atsushi , Ishii Akira , Natsume Jun , Saitoh Shinji , Aoki Yasuhiro , Yoshikawa Tetsushi , Isobe Ichiro , Okumura Akihisa , Seno Hiroshi , Takahashi Yoshiyuki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many child death review (CDR) systems have been developed in Japan, the optimal system is still being identified. The aim of this study is to identify the etiologies of child deaths and to propose a screening method for initiating the CDR process in Japan.MethodsClinical medical records (CMRs) in hospitals and autopsy records were surveyed for cases of deaths of children aged less than 15 years between 2014 and 2016 in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The data were analyzed in three steps, and the findings were compared with the vital statistics.ResultsOf the 695 children whose death certificates were submitted to Aichi Prefecture, 590 could be traced to pediatric care hospitals. The distribution of causes of death was slightly different from the vital statistics, with 11.5% dying of extrinsic causes and 19.7% dying of unknown causes. Maltreatment was suspected in 64 cases, which was much higher than that in government statistics. Overall, 158 (26.8%) deaths were considered preventable. The number of unnatural deaths, which might be screened in, was calculated as 172 (29.2%) in the vital statistics, whereas the survey of CMRs revealed that 241 (40.8%) to 282 (47.8%) should be screened in.ConclusionsSurveying CMRs in hospitals may be a suitable method to detect and screen deaths to start the CDR process in Japan.
Non‐contrast magnetic resonance angiography for systemic artery evaluation in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Nonaka Haruki , Tahara Masahiro , Sanada Kazuya , Okano Mio , Morikawa Yuko , Yoshiura Takayuki , Nitta Tetsuya , Urayama Kotaro , Yoneyama Masami , Imada Naoyuki , Sato Tomoyasu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundKawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis; systemic arteries other than the coronary arteries should therefore also be evaluated. This study investigated the feasibility of evaluating coronary aneurysms, systemic artery aneurysms (SAAs), and cerebrovascular diseases in patients with KD using non‐contrast magnetic resonance angiography (NC‐MRA).MethodsCoronary artery protocols, including coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and vessel wall imaging, were performed in 57 examinations of 28 patients. Systemic artery protocol, including SAA scans and head MRA, along with coronary artery protocol, were performed in 42 examinations of 42 patients. The image quality of the SAAs was evaluated on a 4‐point scale. Examination time and sedation dosage were compared between the protocols. The presence of SAAs and cerebrovascular disease was also evaluated.ResultsThe image quality score of SAAs was 4 (interquartile range [IQR]: 4–4) for the aorta, 4 (IQR: 3–4) for the subclavian artery, 4 (IQR: 3–4) for the renal artery, and 3 (IQR: 3–4) for the iliac artery. No differences were found between examination time (47.0 [IQR: 43.0–61.0] min vs. 51.0 [IQR: 45.0–60.0] min, p = 0.48) and sedative dose (4.63 [IQR: 3.93–5.79] mg/kg vs. 4.21 [IQR: 3.56–5.71] mg/kg, p = 0.37) between the protocols. Systemic artery protocol detected SAAs in three patients (7.1%), and cerebrovascular disease was not detected.ConclusionsEvaluating the coronary and systemic arteries in patients with KD using NC‐MRA on a single examination was possible without compromising examination time or sedation dose. The systemic artery protocol was useful in finding SAAs.
Understanding Chinese authoritative experts and their roles in China's COVID‐19 policy response process: A combined perspective of institutional and multiple‐streams framework
Authors: Chen Guiwu , Zhang Junyi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study is among the first to examine the defining characteristics of Chinese authoritative experts and their roles in crisis policy response by integrating both institutional and multiple‐streams framework. The study argues that the defining characteristics of authoritative experts in China include standing as role models for the public, being adaptively embedded into the policy‐making system, and usually engaging in policy process by becoming a member of a formal experts group. Authoritative experts can act as problem brokers in the problem stream, as policy advocates in the policy stream, and as legitimacy enhancers in politics stream, depending on the nature and dynamics of the crisis and the socio‐political context. The theoretical argument was based on and supported by empirical evidence from China's COVID‐19 policy response in the early stage.
Tsunami potential in the Makran subduction zone: Amplification effects from earthquake rupture directivity and speed
Authors: Chen Zhanying , Lin Jian , Qiu Qiang , Zhou Zhiyuan , Zhang Fan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Makran subduction zone has historically experienced major earthquakes and tsunamis. Here, we integrate fault morphology, InSAR measurements, and high‐resolution bathymetry to quantitively evaluate potential future tsunami sources and tsunami wave characteristics. We systematically investigate how earthquake rupture speed and direction could affect tsunami hazards for the Makran region. Our analyses reveal the following new understanding: (1) The estimated maximum slip deficit in the Makran region southeast of the Gwadar port is >4 m since the last significant 1851 rupture; (2) Earthquakes with finite rupture speed investigated in the range of 300–1,000 m/s are calculated to generate higher tsunami waves than the static rupture model; (3) For an east‐to‐west rupture direction, the tsunami waves are calculated to arrive at the Gwadar port 3–5 mins later but with higher waves than the static rupture model. Together, our results highlight the importance of the source earthquake rupture speed and directivity in controlling tsunamigenic effects.
Experiences and attitudes of task-shifting and task-sharing of physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants in hospitals: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Saiki Masatoshi , Nishimiya Gaku , Gotoh Tomomi , Hirota Kazuhito , Sakai Ikuko 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
The objective of this review is to explore the experiences and attitudes of physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants regarding task-shifting and task-sharing in hospitals.

Introduction:
Despite multiple health care professionals performing overlapping tasks, the need for effective task-shifting and task-sharing remains a concern. Understanding task-shifting and task-sharing experiences, as well as the attitudes of health care providers in hospitals, is essential for providing safe and patient-appropriate care with limited human resources.

Inclusion criteria:
Qualitative studies that examine the experiences and attitudes of physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants in hospitals regarding task-shifting and task-sharing will be included. The review will include physicians, advanced practice nurses who are nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists, registered nurses, and nursing assistants. Midwives, pharmacists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and students will be excluded.

Methods:
PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database, and Web of Science will be searched as part of a 3-step search strategy. We will search for unpublished research and gray literature using Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Studies published in English or Japanese from the time each database was established to the present will be considered for inclusion. The methodological quality of all studies will be evaluated by screening against the inclusion criteria and by at least 2 critical evaluations using the standardized JBI checklist. Synthesized results will be pooled by meta-aggregation and published as a ConQual Summary of Findings.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023409612
Assessment of health literacy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relationship with health behaviours: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Ying , Guo Yunmei , Yan Xin , Ding Rui , Tan Huiwen , Wang Yousha , Wang Xueting , Wang Lianhong 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveHealthy behaviours are important for people with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, adopting and maintaining lifestyle changes involves a complex set of behavioural changes, which most patients fail to adhere to. The current research on health literacy, which includes individual and social skills needed in health self-management, in patients with PCOS is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore health literacy, health behaviours and the relationship between the two to expand research on PCOS management.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA gynaecological outpatient clinic.ParticipantsA total of 286 patients with PCOS (≥18 years, diagnosed via Rotterdam criteria, able to self-report and give informed consent) were recruited from March to June 2022.Outcome measuresHealth literacy and health behaviours in patients with PCOS were assessed using the Health Literacy Management Scale and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (Chinese version). Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the factors influencing health literacy, and linear regression to assess the relationship between health literacy and health behaviours, with an F-significance test; p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOverall, most patients with PCOS had insufficient health literacy (55.9%). The influencing factors of health literacy in patients with PCOS were age (β=0.154, p<0.05), Body Mass Index (β=−0.140, p<0.05), income (β=1.228, p<0.05), duration of illness (β=0.110, p<0.05) and educational level (β=1.552, p<0.05). Moreover, 40.6% of patients with poor health behaviours, and 31.8% with moderate health behaviours, needed to improve their health behaviours. Health literacy was positively correlated with health behaviours in patients with PCOS (r=0.473, p<0.05).ConclusionThe positive correlation between health literacy and health behaviour in patients with PCOS indicates that promoting health literacy in future treatment and management of PCOS may be beneficial.
Policy-makers’ conception of patient non-attendance fees in specialist healthcare: a qualitative document analysis
Authors: Fystro Joar Røkke , Feiring Eli 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesPatients missing their scheduled appointments in specialist healthcare without giving notice can undermine efficient care delivery. To reduce patient non-attendance and possibly compensate healthcare providers, policy-makers have noted the viability of implementing patient non-attendance fees. However, these fees may be controversial and generate public resistance. Identifying the concepts attributed to non-attendance fees is important to better understand the controversies surrounding the introduction and use of these fees. Patient non-attendance fees in specialist healthcare have been extensively debated in Norway and Denmark, two countries that are fairly similar regarding political culture, population size and healthcare system. However, although Norway has implemented a patient non-attendance fee scheme, Denmark has not. This study aimed to identify and compare how policy-makers in Norway and Denmark have conceptualised patient non-attendance fees over three decades.DesignA qualitative document study with a multiple-case design.MethodsA theory-driven qualitative analysis of policy documents (n=55) was performed.ResultsAlthough patient non-attendance fees were seen as a measure to reduce non-attendance rates in both countries, the specific conceptualisation of the fees differed. The fees were understood as a monetary disincentive in Norwegian policy documents. In the Danish documents, the fees were framed as an educative measure to foster a sense of social responsibility, as well as serving as a monetary disincentive. The data suggest, however, a recent change in the Danish debate emphasising fees as a disincentive. In both countries, fees were partly justified as a means of compensating providers for the loss of income.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate how, as a regulative policy tool, patient non-attendance fees have been conceptualised and framed differently, even in apparently similar contexts. This suggests that a more nuanced and complex understanding of why such fees are debated is needed.
Optical Coherence Tomography in the Evaluation of Suspected Carotid Webs
Authors: Al-Bayati Alhamza R , Nogueira Raul G , Sachdeva Rajesh , Mohammaden Mahmoud H , Bhatt Nirav R , Liberato Bernardo , Frankel Michael R , Haussen Diogo C 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundCarotid web (CaW) is a subtype of fibromuscular dysplasia that predominantly involves the intimal layer of the arterial wall and is commonly overlooked as a separate causative entity for recurrent strokes. CaW is defined as a shelf-like lesion at the carotid bulb, although different morphological features have been reported. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been described in the literature as a useful microscopic and cross-sectional tomographic imaging tool. This study aimed to evaluate the potential utility of OCT in characterizing the wall structure features of patients with suspected CaW.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients with suspected CaW who underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) coupled with OCT of the carotid bulb from 2018 to 2021 in a single comprehensive stroke center.ResultsSixteen patients were included. The median age was 56 years (IQR 46–61) and 50% were women. OCT corroborated the diagnosis of CaW in 12/16 (75%) cases and ruled it out in 4/16 (25%) patients in whom atherosclerotic disease was demonstrated. Five of the 12 lesions demonstrated a thick fibrotic ridge consistent with CaW but also showed atherosclerotic changes in the vicinity of the carotid bulb (labeled as “CaW+”). In 4/16 (25%) patients, microthrombi adhered to the vessel wall were noted on OCT (inside the CaW pocket or just distal to the web), none of which were observed on CT angiography or DSA.ConclusionsOCT may have value as a complementary imaging tool in the investigation of patients with suspected CaW and atypical morphological features. Further studies are warranted.
Symptomatic carotid artery intraluminal thrombus: risk of medical management failure and distal embolization
Authors: Schartz Derrek , Susa Stephen , Ellens Nathaniel , Akkipeddi Sajal Medha K , Houk Clifton , Bhalla Tarun , Mattingly Thomas , Hasan David , Bender Matthew T 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundCarotid artery intraluminal thrombus (ILT), or free-floating thrombus, is an uncommon cerebrovascular entity with considerable equipoise regarding its clinical management. Likewise, in patients treated with medical management (MM), distal embolization and/or intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) may still occur.MethodsAll patients with symptomatic ILT from 2016 to 2023 were identified from our tertiary care institution. Patients with MM failure (recurrent cerebral ischemia and/or symptomatic ICH) were compared with patients with MM non-failure. Differences in ILT volume and length were calculated. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the cut-off volume and length for risk of MM failure.ResultsIn total, 45 patients with ILT were identified with 41 treated with frontline MM. Of these 41 patients treated with MM, seven (17%) had MM failure with six (14.6%) having new embolic stroke and one (2.3%) with symptomatic ICH. Patients with MM failure had a significantly higher mean thrombus volume than MM non-failure patients (257 mm3vs 59.6 mm3, P=0.0006). Likewise, patients with MM failure had significantly longer thrombus on average (21 mm vs 6.6 mm, P=0.0009). ROC curve analysis showed that an ILT volume of 90 mm3resulted in a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 85.3% for MM failure (AUC 0.775; CI 0.55 to 1.0, P=0.023).ConclusionsCarotid ILTs that fail MM are significantly larger and longer. These findings suggest that a thrombus volume of 90 mm3may serve as a guide for intervention with good sensitivity and specificity for risk of MM failure.
Electron collisional excitation cross-section measurements and modeling for select Ni-like to Ge-like gold transitions
Authors: May M.J. , Hansen S.B. , Beiersdorfer P. , Jordan N.M. , Scofield J.H. , Reed K.J. , Brown G.V. , Porter F.S. , Kelley R.L. , Kilbourne C.A. , Boyce K.R. 
Published: November 2023

We have experimentally determined the electron collisional excitation cross-sections for several 3d→4f and 3d→5f excitations in Ni- to Ge-like Au at energies of ∼ 0.4, 1, 2, and 3 keV above threshold energy, ET, for the 3d→4f excitations ( ET ∼ 2.5 keV) and ∼ 0.2, 1, and 2 keV above threshold energy for the 3d→5f excitations ( ET ∼ 3.3 keV). The cross-section measurements are possible by using the GSFC micro-calorimeter to record emission spectra from beam plasmas created in the Livermore EBIT-I electron beam ion trap. The cross-sections are experimentally determined from the ratio of the measured intensities of the collisionally excited lines to the intensities of the radiative recombination lines in monoenergetic electron distribution EBIT-I plasmas. The effects of polarization and Auger processes in the beam plasmas are accounted for in the cross-section determination. Experimentally determined cross-sections are compared with those from HULLAC, DWS, and FAC calculations. The measurements exhibit significant differences with the calculations of these excitation cross-sections.
Degree of compaction, aeration, and soil water retention indices of a sugarcane field without soil disturbance after initial tillage
Authors: Awe Gabriel Oladele , Fontanela Eracilda , Reichert José Miguel 
Published: November 2023

Soil compaction after initial soil tillage for crop establishment has been a major problem in crop fields because of its deleterious effects on soil functioning and crop performance. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the degree of compaction, soil air capacity, near-surface optimum ratios, and water retention characteristics in a sandy loam. Dystrophic Paleudalf initially under different tillage methods for sugarcane crop but without tillage for two seasons in southern Brazil. Initial soil tillage systems consisted of no-tillage (NT), compacted no-tillage (NTC), conventional tillage, and chiseling of no-tillage (Ch). Disturbed and undisturbed soil was sampled from 0 to 10, 10 to 20, 20 to 40, and 40 to 60 cm layers to determine degree of compaction, air capacity, near-surface optimum ratios, soil water retention characteristics, and soil physical quality index S. Initially, NT treatment had the significantly ( p < 0.05) lowest degree of compaction (87%), highest soil air capacity (0.104 cm3 cm−3), air capacity/total porosity ratio (0.261), and better water retention characteristics in the surface layer. Over time, Ch had improved the structure of the subsurface soil layers with the lowest degree of compaction (≈88%) and highest air capacity (≈0.140 cm3 cm−3), while the measured indices were poor in NTC. Irrespective of tillage, the surface layer showed resilience during the years without soil disturbance with low degree of compaction, increased water retention, and air capacity. NT could be a good soil management option for sugarcane production, while mechanical chiseling is advocated for ameliorating compacted soils.
Pionic final state interactions and the hypertriton lifetime
Authors: Hildenbrand Fabian , Hammer Hans-Werner 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe analyze the contribution of pionic final state interactions (FSI) in the weak decay of the hypertriton. Focusing on the$$^3$$3He channel, we find a contribution of the pionic FSI of the order of$$18\%$$18%. Assuming a fixed value for the branching ratio$$R_3$$R3for the decay width into$$^3$$3He over the decay width into$$^3$$3He andpdfinal states, we find values for the hypertriton lifetime that are consistent with the world average as well as recent measurements by the ALICE Collaboration.
Dirac equation in curved spacetime: the role of local Fermi velocity
Authors: Bagchi B. , Gallerati A. , Ghosh R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study the motion of charge carriers in curved Dirac materials, in the presence of a local Fermi velocity. An explicit parameterization of the latter emerging quantity for a nanoscroll cylindrical geometry is also provided, together with a discussion of related physical effects and observable properties.
Feasibility Analysis of Cracking RSA with Improved Quantum Circuits of the Shor’s Algorithm
Authors: Liu Xia , Yang Huan , Yang Li 
Published: November 2023

Since the RSA public key cryptosystem was proposed, it has been widely used because of its strong security. Although the proposal of the Shor’s algorithm offers hope for cracking RSA, it is debatable whether the algorithm can actually pose a threat in practice. From the perspective of the quantum circuit of the Shor’s algorithm, we analyse the feasibility of cracking RSA with improved quantum circuits using an ion-trap quantum computer. We present an improved quantum circuit for the modular exponentiation of a constant, which is the most expensive operation in Shor’s algorithm for integer factorization. Whereas previous studies mostly focused on minimizing the number of qubits or the depth of the circuit, we minimize the number of CNOTs, which greatly affects the time to run the algorithm on an ion-trap quantum computer. First, we give the implementation of the basic arithmetic with the lowest known number of CNOTs and the construction of an improved modular exponentiation of a constant by accumulating intermediate data and using a windowing technique. Then, we precisely estimate the number of improved quantum circuits needed to perform the Shor’s algorithm for factoring an

n

-bit integer, which is

217

n

3

/

log

2

n

+
4

n

2

+
n

. We analyse the running time and feasibility of the Shor’s algorithm on an ion-trap quantum computer according to the number of CNOTs. Finally, we discussed the lower bound of the number of CNOTs needed to implement the Shor’s algorithm.
A complex minimally invasive approach to the treatment of patients with complicated forms of chronic venous insufficiency
Authors: SAVOLIUK S. I. , DEMBITSKYI A. R. 
Published: November 2023

The aim of the work: to determine the effectiveness and results of the clinical application of EVEZ with the local treatment of CVI of complicated TV with the help of PRP; to increase the level of efficiency and safety of treatment of patients with CVI.
Materials and methods. The results of 112 EVEW operations in 93 patients with CVI C5–C6 were analyzed. EVEW of the GSV was performed in 90 cases, SSV in 22. The diameters of the jugular segments of the veins were 5.7–28.4 mm, the area of the VLU was 8–84 cm2. The EVEW device provides electrothermal ablation of veins due to denaturation of the venous wall. The duration and power of EVEW is determined automatically, according to the coefficient of relative resistance. The proposed method of preoperative preparation speeds up the processes of VLU cleaning and regeneration.
Results and Discussion. PP is absent in 74 (66.1%) cases, moderate PP in 38 (33.9 %). After 2 years, fibrosis of target veins in 100 % of cases. Paresthesia lasting up to 14 days in 4.5 %. The proposed algorithm of preoperative preparation led to the clearing of the VLU in (14±7.6) days and healing in (27±4.5) days in 95 % of patients. Automatic EVEW algorithm allows to increase the level of efficiency and safety of surgical treatment of patients with veins of large diameters and their extrafascial location, severe forms of CVI with VLU. The use of a complex of preoperative preparation made it possible to achieve complete clearing of the VLU in 90 % of patients by (14±7.6) days. Injections of PRP in the VLU area and the use of EVEW led to epithelization in (27±4.5) days in 95 % of patients.