bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attrition and its predictors among adults enrolled in cART programs in two referral hospitals in the northern coastal areas of Eritrea: 16-year retrospective study
Authors: Yohannes Nahom Asmerom , Mengistu Samuel Tekle , Tewoldemedhin Sirak Afewerki , Ghebreigziabher Robel Ghirmay , Tewolde Naod Yeibio , Aron Robel , Ghebreab Luam , Hamida Mohammed Elfatih , Achila Oliver Okoth 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Many view attrition as one of the biggest barriers to effective delivery of cART in resource-limited settings in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this study, our objective was to describe the incidence and predictors of attrition among adults enrolled in cART programs in two referral hospitals in the northern coastal areas of Eritrea.
Methods: This was a retrospective review of patient records of 464 patients [Male: 149(35.6%) vs. Females: 269(64.4%)] aged 18 years who initiated cART between 2005 and 2021. The main outcome measures were attrition (loss-to-follow-up (LTFU) plus mortality) and associated outcomes. Kaplan-Meier statistics were used to evaluate survival probability of attrition. Independent predictors of attrition were evaluated using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model.
Results: A total of 418 patients [Male: 149(35.6%) vs. Female: 269 (64.4%)] were studied. At baseline, the mean (±SD) age (SD) was 34(±11.2) years; median (±IQR) CD4+ T-cell count was 151 (IQR: 87-257) cells/µL. After a follow-up time of 39,883 months, 127 ((30.4%), 95% CI [26-35]) attrition events were reported, translating into a cumulative incidence of 2.9/1000(2.4-3.5) per 1,000 people-months (PMs) were reported. During the same period, 97 (23.11%) patients died, 32(7.7%) were LTFU, and 47(11.2%) transferred out. In the adjusted multivariate Cox regression model, an increased risk of attrition was associated with the year of enrollment (aHR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.00-1.15, p-value = 0.04); ethnicity (Afar: aHR=3.21, 95% CI: 1.84-5.59, p value < 0.001) (Others: aHR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.14-6.25, p value = 0.024) and cART backbone: (TDF+FTC: aHR=2, 95% CI: 1.21-3.32, p value = 0.007). On the contrary, the risk of attrition decreased per unit increase in baseline CD4+ T-cells/μL (uHR=0.998, 95% CI 0.996-0.999, p-value<0.001).
Conclusion: Despite expanded treatment and decentralization of cART programs, mortality due to advanced disease at enrollment remains high in peripheral settings. A concerted effort is required to reduce late enrollment and improve the management of patients with advanced disease in decentralized programs.
Antenna environment's effects on elevation angle dependent ionosphere-free phase residuals, and geodetic monument noise in the Topo-Iberia CGPS network
Authors: García-Armenteros Juan A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study was determine for the first time the relationship between the antenna environment and the elevation angle dependent ionosphere-free phase residuals from the GAMIT/GLOBK processing of the Topo-Iberia network (2008-2019), as well as the relationship between the geodetic monument type used and noise. The pattern formed by the trace of the elmean residuals has been associated with the antenna environment characteristics, and five pattern types have been established. A diagram of pattern types has also been created for the first time that could be useful to select the optimal GNSS antenna environment. A new metric has been proposed to quantify the differences between patterns, the phase residuals pattern difference index (PRPDI), which has turned out to be a good tool to identify antenna environment changes, as well as the best and worst quality stations. According to the results, the highest PRPDI values correspond to the poorest quality stations and those that have shown changes in the occlusion horizon. The results also reveal that the smallest elmean phase residuals are produced by antenna environments with uneven ground and vegetation cover (RMS of 0.6 mm at ASIN station), and the highest residuals occur in environments associated with monuments on flat roof of buildings (RMS of 3.1 mm at BENI station). The Topo-Iberia stations with standard pillars on bedrock and shallow-drilled braced monuments present less noise than those with little pillars and monuments on buildings. The results regarding the least noisy monument types agree with those of previous publications. The Topo-Iberia monuments present a random-walk noise level adequate for a geodetic monument. No relationship between noise and geographical location of the sites has been observed, but between seasonal noise and the antenna environment.
Quality management in animal farming
Authors: Soloshenko Vladimir , Mager Sergey 
Published: January 2024

The article introduces a long-term analysis of statistics and experimental research in domestic animal farming. Dairy cattle breeding is the dominant industry in Russian livestock farming. Its annual productivity has reached 6000 kg of milk per cow, while some farms and regions have brought this indicator up to 8000–10 000 kg. Unfortunately, the quality of milk, meat, and other livestock products is often neglected in favor of productivity.
Human health is believed to depend on nutrition. However, this dependence requires more specific evidence. For instance, the exact effect of livestock product quality management on the life and longevity of the population still remains unknown. Some studies revealed that pig breeds differ in the cholesterol status of fat; other research teams invented a high-quality green alfalfa dry feed, which provides animals with biologically active substances and normalizes metabolic processes.
This review highlights some promising scientific directions in fundamental and applied knowledge that can be beneficial to human health.
Unpacking the Experiences of Health Care Professionals About the Web-Based Building Resilience At Work Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Framework Analysis
Authors: Ang Wei How Darryl , Lim Zhi Qi Grace , Lau Siew Tiang , Dong Jie , Lau Ying 
Published: January 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a greater workload in the health care system. Therefore, health care professionals (HCPs) continue to experience high levels of stress, resulting in mental health disorders. From a preventive perspective, building resilience has been associated with reduced stress and mental health disorders and promotes HCPs’ intent to stay. Despite the benefits of resilience training, few studies provided an in-depth understanding of the contextual factors, implementation, and mechanisms of impact that influences the sustainability of resilience programs. Therefore, examining target users’ experiences of the resilience program is important. This will provide meaningful information to refine and improve future resilience programs.

Objective
This qualitative study aims to explore HCPs’ experiences of participating in the web-based Building Resilience At Work (BRAW) program. In particular, this study aims to explore the contextual and implementational factors that would influence participants’ interaction and outcome from the program.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative approach using individual semistructured Zoom interviews was conducted with participants of the web-based resilience program. A framework analysis was conducted, and it is guided by the process evaluation framework.

Results
A total of 33 HCPs participated in this qualitative study. Three themes depicting participants’ experiences, interactions, and impacts from the BRAW program were elucidated from the framework analysis: learning from web-based tools, interacting with the BRAW program, and promoting participants’ workforce readiness.

Conclusions
Findings show that a web-based asynchronous and self-paced resilience program is an acceptable and feasible approach for HCPs. The program also led to encouraging findings on participants’ resilience, intent to stay, and employability. However, continued refinements in the components of the web-based resilience program should be carried out to ensure the sustainability of this intervention.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05130879; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05130879
Participation in Advance Care Planning Among Medically At-Risk Rural Veterans: Protocol for a Personalized Engagement Model
Authors: Walkner Tammy , Karr Daniel W , Murray Sarah , Heeren Amanda , Berry-Stoelzle Maresi 
Published: January 2024

Background
Many of the challenges in advanced care planning (ACP) conversations are linked to the waxing and waning progress of serious illnesses. Conversations with patients about future medical care decisions by a surrogate decision maker have historically been left until late in the patient’s disease trajectory. These conversations often happen at a time when the patient is already very ill. The challenge in effective early ACP and serious illness conversations is to create a situation where patients appreciate the link between current and future medical care. Setting the stage to make these conversations more accessible includes using telehealth to have conversations at the patient’s place of choice. The personalization used includes addressing the current medical and social needs of the patient and ensuring that expressed needs are addressed as much as possible. Engaging patients in these conversations allows the documentation of patient preferences in the electronic health record (EHR), providing guidelines for future medical care.

Objective
The objective of our telehealth serious illness care conversations program was to successfully recruit patients who lacked up-to-date documentation of ACP in their EHR. Once these patients were identified, we engaged in meaningful, structured conversations to address the veterans’ current needs and concerns. We developed a recruitment protocol that increased the uptake of rural veterans’ participation in serious illness care conversations and subsequent EHR documentation.

Methods
The recruitment protocol outlined herein used administrative data to determine those patients who have not completed or updated formal ACP documentation in the EHR and who are at above-average risk for death in the next 3-5 years. The key features of the telehealth serious illness care conversations recruitment protocol involve tailoring the recruitment approach to address current patient concerns while emphasizing future medical decision-making.

Results
As of September 2022, 196 veterans had completed this intervention. The recruitment method ensures that the timing of the intervention is patient driven, allowing for veterans to engage in ACP at a time and place convenient for them and their identified support persons.

Conclusions
The recruitment protocol has been successful in actively involving patients in ACP conversations, leading to an uptick in completed formal documentation of ACP preferences within the EHR for this specific population. This documentation is then available to the medical team to guide future medical care.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR1-10.2196/55080
NGR-modified PEG-PLGA Micelles Containing Shikonin Enhance Targeting of Dendritic Cells for Therapy of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Liu Chengcheng , Qi Wenwen , Teng Zhenxiao , Xu Runtong , Xi Yue , Qin Yiming , Wu Xinhao , Zhu Fangyuan , Xu Fenglei , Shi Lei , Zhao Miaoqing , Xia Ming 
Published: January 2024

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disease
of the nasal mucosa related with Th2 lymphocyte. Dendritic cells (DCs)
have been considered to play an important role in the development and
maintenance of AR. But the particular therapies specifically targeting
DC are still lacking in clinic. Shikonin (SHI) is a natural
naphthoquinone compound isolated from the Chinese herb Radix Arnebiae.
It is reported that SHI can inhibit the phenotype and function of DCs,
so we speculate that SHI may be an effective drug for the treatment of
AR. However, the clinical usage of SHI has been limited by the bioactive
properties of poor solubility, short retention time and low
bioavailability. Therefore, in order to better exert the
anti-inflammatory effect of SHI, an efficient SHI delivery system is
urgently needed. Methods: we prepared and characterized SHI-PM
and NGR-SHI-PM with the thin-film hydration method. Retrodialysis method
was employed to determine the release behavior. We took
immunofluorescence to investigate the expression of CD13 in vitro. Then
we tested BM-DCs mature cell detection by flow cytometry. An allergic
rhinosinusitis murine model, hematoxylin and eosin stain and flow
cytometry were established to detect the anti-inflammatory efficiency in
vivo. At last, western blot analysis and plasmid construction and
transfection assay were taken to reveal the molecular mechanisms.
Results: In the present study, we revealed that NGR-modifified
could strengthen the intracellular uptake of PM and CD13 was high
expressed on mature BM-DCs. NGR-modified could enhance the inhibition of
SHI in vitro. NGR-modifified could increase the distribution of PM in
vivo by DiI fluorescently. NGR-modified could enhance SHI anti-allergic
activity in OVA-sensitized mice and enhance the inhibition of SHI on DC
maturation in lymph node. Our findings also suggest that SHI may have
the inhibitory effect on AR through NF-κB pathway by targeting PARP.
Conclusions: In summary, we have shown that NGR-PM-SHI may
provide a promising platform for improving targeted therapy AR both in
vitro and in vivo through the NF-κB pathway by targeting PARP and could
be a novel strategy for treating allergic rhinitis.
Functionally dissimilar neighbors increase tree water use efficiency through enhancement in leaf phosphorus concentration
Authors: Huang Zhiqun , Ran Songsong , Fu Yanrong , Wan Xiaohua , Song Xin , Chen Yuxin , Yu Zaipeng 
Published: January 2024

Water use efficiency (WUE) is central to the global cycles of water and
carbon. However, whether increasing tree diversity in plantation can
increase WUE remain poorly understood. Here, we conduct a forest
biodiversity experiment with 32 tree species spread in 14 ha in
subtropical China to assess the effects of neighboring tree diversity on
foliar WUE of Cunninghamia lanceolata, a widespread tree plantation
species in China. We measure foliar δ13C as the proxies of changes in
intrinsic WUE. Folia P concentrations of focal trees increase with trait
dissimilarities between focal trees and neighbors, and the increased
foliar P concentrations improve foliar WUE of focal trees. This
neighborhood complementarity effect on WUE is stronger under more shaded
neighborhood. However, neighborhood biodiversity did not significantly
affect foliar δ18O, a surrogate for stomatal conductance. These findings
suggest that tree biodiversity increases WUE through the complementary
usages of soil P between neighboring tree species.
Isolation of Nocardia phage and feasibility study on controlling sludge foaming
Authors: Xiong Wenbin , Lu Han , Liu Bingxin , Liu Xinchun 
Published: January 2024

In this study, two phages, P69 and KYD2, were isolated from a water
sample of the fishing ground. The host of P69 was
Nocardia transvalensis, whereas the host of KYD2 was Nocardia carnea.
Physiological characteristics and bioinformatics analysis of the
isolated phages were performed. The SBR tank was simulated in the
laboratory and N. carnea was added for aeration foaming. The feasibility
of using phages to control sludge foaming was assessed by measuring
turbidity and other water quality indices before and after adding phages
and monitoring the changes in the number of hosts and phages in the
device by qPCR and other technologies. Using multiple water quality
indicators, qPCR, ecological community and other data to prove that P69
has a certain ability to control the sludge foaming event caused by the
over-proliferation of N. carnea in the environment. It provides a novel
and relatively economical solution for controlling sludge foaming in
sewage treatment plants in the future.
Progression of atherosclerosis in the grafts using for coronary artery bypass: Non-functional high-density lipoprotein and overexpression of LOX-1?
Authors: Arslantürk Oğuz , Aydin Ahmet , Gumus Fatih , Saydam Onur , Aydın Kubra S. , Zeybek Dilara , Canpınar Hande , Guvener Murat 
Published: January 2024

Abstract Objectives: We aimed to
investigate the the role of non-functional High-Density Lipoprotein
(HDL) in the form of binding to Lectin-like oxidized low-density
lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) in patients with Coronary Artery Disaese
(CAD) regarding to progression of atherosclerosis. Methods: Twenty-one patients who underwent multivessel CABG
using internal mammarian artery (IMA), radial artery (RA) and saphaneous
vein (SV) grafts between November 2019 and April 2020 were obtained.
Using CD31 to identify endothelial cells; LOX-1 expression in all cells
in culture was evaluated. Findings: The study
consists of 21 patients, 17 (80.9%) males and 4 (19.04%) females. We
found a significant positive correlation between HDL and LOX-1+ in the
specimens explanted from any type of grafts (SV, r=0.60; RA, r=0.48;
IMA, r=0.53). ~28% of variation in LOX-1+ for IMA
(F=7.03; p<0.05), ~36% of variation in LOX-1+
for SV (F=10.10; p<0.05) and ~24% of
variation in LOX-1+ in the RA (F=5.64; p<0.05) were explained
by HDL. Conclusions: In cases with high LOX-1
receptor expression, HDL binds to LOX-1 and loses its function.
Assessment and monitoring of HDL and LOX-1 may help physicians to
predict which patients may be harder to treat and allowing for
appropriate intervention. Keywords: Atherosclerosis,
Coronary artery bypass grafts, Cardiovascular disease, LOX-1,
Lipoprotein.
Memorias del VII FORO INTERNACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN VETERINARIA
Authors: Y Facultades de Ciencias Veterinarias FPEFCV Federación panamericana de Escuelas 
Published: January 2024

La Federación Panamericana de Escuelas y Facultades de Medicina Veterinaria organiza el VII Foro Internacional de Educación Veterinaria que se desarrolló en la Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad de la República en Montevideo, Uruguay; la cual celebra los CXX aniversario de los estudios veterinarios en este país anfitrión. Durante el Foro se reunió la Asociación Panamericana de Ciencias Veterinarias (PANVET), el Consejo Panamericano de Educación en las Ciencias Veterinarias (COPEVET), la Federación Panamericana de Escuelas y Facultades de Medicina Veterinaria, y la Asociación de Facultades y Escuelas de Ciencias Veterinarias del Mercosur y Países Asociados (AFECV); alrededor de 16 países del continente americano se dieron cita en este evento donde diferentes académicos representantes discutieron diversos temas de relevancia vanguardista de las Ciencias Veterinarias como los diferentes sistemas de acreditación académica del mundo contando con representantes europeos; además de presentación de estudios actualidades de riesgos laborales en la profesión, las prioridades de formación académica permanente, bienestar animal y el abordaje del enfoque “Una salud” dentro de los planes curriculares de los programas de Medicina Veterinaria en las américas.
El Foro Internacional de Educación Veterinaria considera de importancia conformar la visión sobre la educación de calidad y el ejercicio de la práctica profesional del Médico Veterinario en el sentido de proyectar la formación de profesionistas competentes y que desde su quehacer logre dar certidumbre en un país a la salud animal, la salud humana y el medio ambiente en un marco de desarrollo sustentable bajo el enfoque “Una Salud”, la inocuidad, la autosuficiencia alimentaria y el empleo.
Severe Hypoglycemia and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Persist in People With Type 1 Diabetes Despite Use of Diabetes Technology: Results From a Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Sherr Jennifer L. , Laffel Lori M. , Liu Jingwen , Wolf Wendy , Bispham Jeoffrey , Chapman Katherine S. , Finan Daniel , Titievsky Lina , Liu Tina , Hagan Kaitlin , Gaglia Jason , Chandarana Keval , Bergenstal Richard , Pettus Jeremy 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
To determine how diabetes technologies, including continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, impact glycemic metrics, prevalence of severe hypoglycemic events (SHEs), and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) in people with type 1 diabetes in a real-world setting within the U.S.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this retrospective, observational study with cross-sectional elements, participants aged ≥18 years were enrolled from the T1D Exchange Registry/online community. Participants completed a one-time online survey describing glycemic metrics, SHEs, and IAH. The primary objective was to determine the proportions of participants who reported achieving glycemic targets (assessed according to self-reported hemoglobin A1c) and had SHEs and/or IAH. We performed additional subgroup analyses focusing on the impact of CGM and insulin delivery modality.

RESULTS
A total of 2,074 individuals with type 1 diabetes were enrolled (mean ± SD age 43.0 ± 15.6 years and duration of type 1 diabetes 26.3 ± 15.3 years). The majority of participants (91.7%) were using CGM, with one-half (50.8%) incorporating AID. Despite high use of diabetes technologies, only 57.7% reported achieving glycemic targets (hemoglobin A1c &lt;7%). SHEs and IAH still occurred, with ∼20% of respondents experiencing at least one SHE within the prior 12 months and 30.7% (95% CI 28.7, 32.7) reporting IAH, regardless of CGM or AID use.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite use of advanced diabetes technologies, a high proportion of people with type 1 diabetes do not achieve glycemic targets and continue to experience SHEs and IAH, suggesting an ongoing need for improved treatment strategies.
Narrativas sobre os fatores que influenciaram as decisões curriculares na disciplina biologia (1992-2016)
Authors: Rodrigues Diego Adaylano Monteiro , Sá Carneiro Claudia Christina Bravo e 
Published: January 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é compreender os fatores que promoveram as mudanças nas decisões e práticas curriculares ao longo da trajetória dos professores de Biologia do Liceu do Ceará, entre 1992 e 2016. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que relaciona fontes documentais e fontes orais, que utiliza entrevistas narrativas com professores de Biologia aposentados. A pesquisa foi subsidiada pela Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD). As decisões curriculares foram construídas com base em recursos didáticos disponíveis, bem como na autonomia do coletivo dessa escola, na inspiração de experiências formativas, na busca por valorização profissional e nos exames de ingresso ao Ensino Superior. Os currículos oficiais foram coadjunvantes, apenas propiciaram a construção burocrática dos planos de ensino e a discussão de novos conceitos no currículo escolar.