bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human immune response to Puumala virus glycoproteins and nucleocapsid protein expressed in mammalian cells
Authors: Kallio‐Kokko Hannimari , Leveelahti Raija , Brummer‐Korvenkontio Markus , Lundkvist Åke , Vaheri Antti , Vapalahti Olli 
Published: October 2004

AbstractPuumala hantavirus (PUUV) glycoproteins G1 and G2 and nucleocapsid protein (N) were expressed in BHK‐21 cells by transfection of a plasmid producing a recombinant alphavirus replicon. Coexpression of G1 and G2 from separate constructs seemed to be important for the optimal folding of the glycoproteins, as evaluated by a panel of MAbs detecting conformational epitopes. To evaluate the human antibody response against recombinant G1, G2 and N, several panels of sera were tested by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Also human sera showed the best reactivity towards G1 and G2 coexpressed from separate transcripts (G1 + G2). Notably, only 2% of the acute sera (total number = 133) contained IgG antibodies against G1 + G2, whereas of old‐immunity sera (total number = 100) 87% were G1 + G2 positive. Analysis of a panel of serial patient sera showed that as the immunity matured, IgG antibodies against the recombinant glycoproteins appeared and the titers increased in the course of time, while antibodies against the recombinant N were present already in the acute phase in high titers. The granular fluorescence pattern in PUUV IgG‐IFA, associated with the acute phase of immunity, was linked to the presence of antibodies against N, whereas the diffuse fluorescence pattern associated with old‐immunity, was linked to the development of antibodies against G1 + G2. The granular fluorescence pattern in PUUV IgG‐IFA had a predictive value of 100% for acute PUUV infection. Weak cross‐reaction with PUUV glycoproteins was observed in 36% of old‐immunity DOBV‐specific human sera. J. Med. Virol. 65:605–613, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Palliative forequarter amputation for metastatic carcinoma to the shoulder girdle region: Indications, preoperative evaluation, surgical technique, and results
Authors: Wittig James C. , Bickels Jacob , Kollender Yehuda , Kellar‐Graney Kristen L. , Meller Isaac , Malawer Martin M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesUncontrolled metastatic carcinoma of the shoulder girdle is a difficult oncologic problem. This study reviews our experience with palliative forequarter amputation with emphasis on patient selection criteria, preoperative radiologic assessment, surgical technique, epineural postoperative analgesia, and clinical outcome.MethodsEight patients who underwent palliative forequarter amputation for metastatic carcinoma between 1980 and 1999 were analyzed retrospectively. Diagnoses included breast carcinoma (n = 3), squamous cell carcinoma (n = 2), hypernephroma (n = 2), and carcinoma of unknown origin (n = 1). All patients presented with severe, intractable pain and a useless extremity. Venography demonstrated obliteration of the axillary vein in each of the patients in whom this procedure was performed. Exploration of the brachial plexus confirmed tumor encasement and unresectability in all patients. Epineural catheters for bupivacaine infusion were placed for postoperative pain control.ResultsAll patients experienced dramatic pain relief and improved mobility and overall function. Life‐threatening hemorrhage and sepsis were alleviated. There were no instances of phantom limb pain or adverse psychological reactions, and no complications related to epineural analgesia.ConclusionsPalliative forequarter amputation is relatively safe and reliable and provides effective pain relief for selected patients with unresectable metastatic carcinoma to the axilla and bony shoulder girdle in whom radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy has not been effective. The triad of pain, motor loss, and an obliterated axillary vein is indicative of brachial plexus infiltration and unresectability. J. Surg. Oncol. 2001; 77:105–113. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A laser‐abrasive method for the cutting of enamel and dentin
Authors: Altshuler Gregory B. , Belikov Andrei V. , Sinelnik Yury A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThis paper introduced a new method for the removal of hard dental tissue based upon the use of particles accelerated by laser irradiation, which the authors have called the laser‐abrasive method.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe particles used were sapphire as powder or an aqueous suspension. The effect of the products of enamel ablation was also investigated. The particles were accelerated using submillisecond pulses of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers. A strobing CCD camera was used to measure the speed of the ejected particles. The additional contribution of these particles to the efficiency of laser ablation of enamel and dentin was also investigated.ResultsThe results showed that the enamel particles produced by the beam—tissue interaction were also accelerated by this process of ablation and were effective in the removal of enamel and dentin. The use of an aqueous suspension of sapphire particles increased the efficiency of enamel removal threefold when compared with the use of an Er:YAG laser with water spray.ConclusionsThe laser‐abrasive method allowed for the removal of enamel and dentin at speeds approaching those of the high‐speed turbine. Lasers Surg. Med. 39:435–444, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Circumscripted pigmentations after iron injections‐treatment with Q‐switched laser systems
Authors: Raulin Christian , Werner Saskia , Greve Baerbel 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveCutaneous brown discolorations in the area of injection can be a cosmetically bothersome side effect from a parenteral iron treatment, and have not responsed to an effective therapy until now.Study Design/Materials and MethodsWe report retrospectively on five patients who were treated with the Q‐switched ruby and/or Nd:YAG laser for circumscripted siderosis after intramuscular or intravenous iron injection.ResultsThe number of required laser treatments was between 3 and 16. The clinical improvement after the first 2–4 sessions was the most impressive, especially after the application of the Nd:YAG laser. Hypopigmentation and scars did not develop. In one case hyperpigmentation appeared.ConclusionsThis study shows that there is an effective method of clearing persistent brown discolorations with few side effects after parenteral iron therapy, using Q‐switched laser technology. Lasers Surg. Med. 39:456–460, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cryogen spray cooling in laser dermatology: Effects of ambient humidity and frost formation
Authors: Majaron Boris , Kimel Sol , Verkruysse Wim , Aguilar Guillermo , Pope Karl , Svaasand Lars O. , Lavernia Enrique J. , Nelson J. Stuart 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveDynamics of cryogen spray deposition, water condensation and frost formation is studied in relationship to cooling rate and efficiency of cryogen spray cooling (CSC) in combination with laser dermatologic surgery.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA high‐speed video camera was used to image the surface of human skin during and after CSC using a commercial device. The influence of ambient humidity on heat extraction dynamics was measured in an atmosphere‐controlled chamber using an epoxy block with embedded thermocouples.ResultsA layer of liquid cryogen may remain on the skin after the spurt termination and prolong the cooling time well beyond that selected by the user. A layer of frost starts forming only after the liquid cryogen retracts. Condensation of ambient water vapor and subsequent frost formation deposit latent heat to the target site and may significantly impair the CSC cooling rate.ConclusionsFrost formation following CSC does not usually affect laser dosage delivered for therapy of subsurface targets. Moreover, frost formation may reduce the risk of cryo‐injury associated with prolonged cooling. The epidermal protection during CSC assisted laser dermatologic surgery can be further improved by eliminating the adverse influence of ambient humidity. Lasers Surg. Med. 39:469–476, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ti‐O – Ein Stoffsystem mit erscheinungsreichen tribologischen Eigenschaften
Authors: Woydt M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractDas ungeschmierte tribologische Verhalten von verschiedenen Stoichiometrien und mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren hergestellten Schichten und Werkstoffen im System Ti‐O wird vorgestellt. Der Phasenreichtum geht einher mit dem gleichen Erscheinungsreichtum im tribologischen Verhalten. Obwohl aus den Stoffeigenschaften kaum erkennbar, offenbart das System Ti‐O eine phasenweise herausragende Verschleißbeständigkeit, allerdings wurden Reibungszahlen von 0,2 kaum unterschritten.
Differential expression of cytokines in rat osteosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma cell lines induced by 4‐(hydroxyamino)quinoline‐1‐oxide
Authors: Honoki Kanya , Tsujiuchi Toshifumi , Sasaki Yasutaka , Tsutsumi Masahiro , Morishita Toru , Kido Akira , Miyauchi Yoshizumi , Mii Yoshio , Takakura Yoshinori , Konishi Yoichi 
Published: October 2004

AbstractCytokines are considered to play an important role in tumor pathogenesis and progression, and recent studies have demonstrated that a variety of forms, including interleukins (ILs) and transforming growth factor‐βs (TGF‐βs), may regulate tumors. In the present study, the expression of TGF‐β isoforms and ILs was investigated in cell lines from a rat osteosarcoma and a malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), both established from transplantable tumors induced by 4‐(hydroxyamino) quinoline 1‐oxide (4‐HAQO) in syngeneic F344 male rats. The results of a multiprobe RNase protection assay showed TGF‐β1 expression to be remarkably elevated, with no TGF‐β2 and β3 detectable in MFH cells, while TGF‐β1 and ‐β2 were found to be moderately and TGF‐β3 weakly expressed in osteosarcoma lines. All cell lines of osteosarcomas and MFHs expressed macrophage migration inhibitory factor at similar levels. In contrast to the lack of ILs in the MFH cells, moderate IL‐6 and very weak IL‐1β expression was detected in the osteosarcoma cells. These results suggest that variation in expression pattern of these cytokines in osteosarcomas and MFHs might be involved in differences in histological appearance and biological behavior, including metastatic ability, between these two mesenchyme‐derived tumor types. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tlag2, an N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea susceptibility locus, maps to mouse chromosome 4
Authors: Angel Joe M. , Richie Ellen R. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractSusceptibility to N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea (MNU)–induced lymphomas is a multigenic trait. We previously mapped a resistance locus (Tlag1) to mouse chromosome 7 in genetic crosses of sensitive AKR with resistant C57L mice. Analysis of the MNU sensitivity of AKXL recombinant inbred strains that are homozygous for the AKR allele of Tlag1 suggested that at least two additional tumor susceptibility loci segregate in these crosses. A second susceptibility locus (Tlag2) now has been mapped to chromosome 4. Only those mice that inherited the susceptibility alleles at both Tlag1 and Tlag2 were sensitive to MNU induction of thymic lymphomas, suggesting that these two loci interact. Chromosome 4 has been associated with susceptibility to hematopoietic tumor development in several mouse models, suggesting that one or more genes mapping to this chromosome are important in lymphomagenesis in general. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bimanual coordination deficits with Parkinson's disease: The influence of movement speed and external cueing
Authors: Almeida Quincy J. , Wishart Laurie R. , Lee Timothy D. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractContinuous coordinated movement of the upper limbs performed at different movement frequencies, and with different external timing conditions, was examined in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy, age‐ and gender‐matched controls. Participants performed symmetric in‐phase movements toward and away from the midline of the body, and isodirectional anti‐phase movements at one of three metronome speeds (0.75, 1.25, and 1.75 Hz), and in two different auditory cueing conditions (cue present, cue absent). Measures of relative phase accuracy (absolute mean error) and stability (standard deviation) revealed that individuals with PD performed in‐phase movements as well as the controls, while anti‐phase movements were performed with greater mean error and variability. The adverse effects of PD on the anti‐phase task were also reflected by freezing (8.1% of anti‐phase trials) and hypometric deficits (5.1% of anti‐phase trials) during movement. None of these PD‐related impairments occurred during in‐phase trials. The overall accuracy or stability of movement coordination was not improved with the presence of external pacing cues, suggesting that although execution impairments of individuals with PD may be dramatically influenced by attention, external cueing does not necessarily improve movement performance. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society.
On the simultaneous modeling of array mutual coupling and array–platform interactions
Authors: Su Tao , Ling Hao 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe active element patterns of antenna arrays are strongly affected by the interaction between the elements and the mounting platform. In this article a combined model is proposed to model the array response, including both mutual coupling and the platform effect. The mutual coupling is described by a coupling matrix, and the platform scattering is represented with the use of the point‐scatterer model. An algorithm based on the matching pursuit concept is proposed to determine the model coefficients. Numerical results show that the active element patterns are well described by the model. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 167–171, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10266
Dispersion compensation in directly modulated transmission system with the use of the half‐split‐band technique and chirped fiber grating
Authors: Lu Hai‐Han 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis study proposes and demonstrates, for the first time, a directly modulated NTSC AM‐VSB erbium‐doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) ‐repeated system in the 1550‐nm region that uses a directly modulated transmitter, a push–pull preamplifier, a half‐split band, wavelength‐division‐multiplexing (WDM) techniques, chirped fiber grating (CFG) as a fiber‐dispersion compensation device. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 214–218, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10279
Fractal multiband antennas based on lotus‐pod patterns
Authors: Liu Ji‐Chyun , Liu Yi‐Je , Chang Dau‐Chyrh , Chang Chung‐Chi , Cheng Ching 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA novel microstrip antenna constructed with a lotus‐pod pattern is presented in this Letter. It exhibits a frequency‐independent antenna after a self‐similar design. In practice, the multiband spectrum depends on the iteration of the fractal pattern. Both outward and inward iteration approaches are introduced. Experimental results with multiband spectrums and radiation patterns are presented and discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 223–228, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10282
Fabrication and measurement of an arrow‐shaped microstrip patch antenna in the 5‐GHz band
Authors: Ju Jeong‐Min , Yoon Joong‐Han , Ko Sung‐Won , Kang Moon‐Gyu , Kwak Kyung‐Sup 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn this paper, an arrow‐shaped microstrip patch antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured for a 5‐GHz band wireless local area network (WLAN) application. The geometry of our proposed antenna is suitable for the wideband antenna in the 5‐GHz band. To obtain sufficient bandwidth in the operating band, a foam layer is inserted between the ground plane and the substrate. A coaxial probe source is used. The measured results for the bandwidth and radiation patterns are obtained, with the result of the fabricated antenna (4.79–5.94 GHz) satisfying the conditions of the VSWR < 2.0 in the 5‐GHz band (5.15–5.35 GHz, 5.470–5.725 GHz, 5.725–5.825 Ghz, 5.725–5.925 GHz), and a gain of 5.02–7.25 dBi and a broad radiation pattern are achieved. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 503–505, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20516
DOSY of sample‐limited mixtures: comparison of cold, nano and conventional probes
Authors: Bradley Scott A. , Paschal Jonathan , Kulanthaivel Palaniappan 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe DOSY analysis of dilute mixtures can be a challenge because a high signal‐to‐noise ratio is required for the best DOSY results. The sensitivity increase gained from new probe technologies (e.g. cold and nano probes) could enable one to acquire good DOSY spectra on sample amounts too low for conventional probes. In this article, we investigated the performance of cold and nano probes for qualitative DOSY analysis of concentrated and sample‐limited mixtures, and compared the results with those of the conventional probe. We first measured the fluid flow for each probe. All three probes exhibited only relatively small levels of flow; consequently, a double‐stimulated echo pulse sequence was not employed in the subsequent DOSY experiments. This decision was based on three facts: (1) flow‐induced phase distortions were not observed, (2) our intentions are only to perform qualitative mixture analysis, and (3) discarding 50% of the already limited signal cannot be afforded. Although the cold and nano probes produced DOSY results for the concentrated mixture that were inferior to the conventional probe, the increase in the signal‐to‐noise ratio observed with these probes proved to be advantageous for the dilute three‐component mixture. Furthermore, the cold probe showed slightly superior performance over the nano probe; thus, we conclude that among the probes examined the cold probe is best suited for qualitative DOSY analysis of sample‐limited mixtures. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keratins: Unraveling the coordinated construction of scaffolds in spermatogenic cells
Authors: Kierszenbaum Abraham L. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractRecent work shows that two groups of keratins are expressed during mammalian spermatogenesis. One group, belonging to the classic epidermis‐type keratins, is present in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids. A member of this group, Sak57, a keratin 5 homologue, has been shown to co‐align with microtubules and provide a scaffolding shell while also strengthening intercellular cytoplasmic bridges conjoining members of spermatogonial and spermatocyte cohorts. The other, keratin 9, is a component of the perinuclear ring of the manchette, a microtubular structure developed during the elongation and condensation of the spermatid nucleus. The second group, the outer dense fiber (Odf) proteins, is expressed preferentially during mammalian spermiogenesis. The family of Odf proteins—Odf1, Odf2, and Odf3—includes an expanding group of proteins co‐assembled along the axoneme during the development of the sperm tail. Investigations on the assembly of epidermis‐type and Odf sperm tail‐targeted keratins are now focused on a group of chaperone‐like Odf‐binding molecules, designated Spags. Spags appear to drive Odfs to a precise destination. A daunting task is to determine how members of the family of keratins get the signal to produce linear scaffolds in specific spermatogenic cell populations and transport keratins to microtubule‐containing structures such as the manchette and axoneme. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61: 1–2, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Secondary amyloidosis as a life‐ending event in multifocal motor neuropathy
Authors: Beydoun Said R. , Rison Richard A. , Commins Deborah 
Published: October 2004

AbstractMultifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a disorder of peripheral nerve often associated with a high monosialoganglioside (GM1) antibody and multifocal conduction block. It has a chronic, indolent course with involvement of predominantly peripheral motor nerves, usually in an asymmetric fashion. There have been few reported cases of progression to frank quadriplegia. Secondary amyloidosis refers to the deposition of amyloid in various tissues due to an underlying chronic inflammatory state. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of a patient with MMN associated with high titer of GM1 antibody who developed acute paraplegia with both cranial nerve and worsening sensory involvement associated with multiorgan compromise due to a secondary amyloidosis involving the myocardium. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 24: 1396–1402, 2001
Continuous accumulation games on discrete locations
Authors: Kikuta Kensaku , Ruckle William H. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn an accumulation game, a HIDER attempts to accumulate a certain number of objects or a certain quantity of material before a certain time, and a SEEKER attempts to prevent this. In a continuous accumulation game the HIDER can pile material either at locations $1, 2, …, n, or over a region in space. The HIDER will win (payoff 1) it if accumulates N units of material before a given time, and the goal of the SEEKER will win (payoff 0) otherwise. We assume the HIDER can place continuous material such as fuel at discrete locations i = 1, 2, …, n, and the game is played in discrete time. At each time k > 0 the HIDER acquires h units of material and can distribute it among all of the locations. At the same time, k, the SEEKER can search a certain number s < n of the locations, and will confiscate (or destroy) all material found. After explicitly describing what we mean by a continuous accumulation game on discrete locations, we prove a theorem that gives a condition under which the HIDER can always win by using a uniform distribution at each stage of the game. When this condition does not hold, special cases and examples show that the resulting game becomes complicated even when played only for a single stage. We reduce the single stage game to an optimization problem, and also obtain some partial results on its solution. We also consider accumulation games where the locations are arranged in either a circle or in a line segment and the SEEKER must search a series of adjacent locations. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 49: 60–77, 2002; DOI 10.1002/nav.1048
Area efficient layouts of the Batcher sorting networks
Authors: Even Shimon 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn the early 1980s, the grid area required by the sorting nets of Batcher for input vectors of length N was investigated by Thompson. He showed that the Ω(N2) area was necessary and sufficient, but the hidden constant factors, both for the lower and upper bounds, were not discussed. In this paper, a lower bound of (N − 1)2/2 is proven, for the area required by any sorting network. Upper bounds of 4N2 and 3N2 are shown for the bitonic sorter and the odd—even sorter, respectively. In the layouts, which are presented to establish these upper bounds, slanted lines are used and there are no knock‐knees. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Solving the undirected multicommodity flow problem using a shortest path‐based pricing algorithm
Authors: McBride Richard D. , Mamer John W. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe undirected multicommodity flow problem is encountered in the solution to traffic‐scheduling problems related to computer, communication, railroad, and other networks. We show how to formulate this problem as a piecewise linear optimization problem (with piecewise linear convex functions in both the objective and the constraints). We discuss how EMNET, a primal basis partitioning simplex algorithm, was modified so as to efficiently solve these problems using a pricing procedure that we call “shortest path pricing.” Extremely good solution times for some very large problems are presented. The solutions are not only obtained quickly, but also with a fraction of the number of pivots that are needed for the standard simplex method. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.