bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Space Weathering On The Lunar Near-Side And Far-Side Constrained From Si Isotopes
Authors: Yu Hui-Min , Zhang Hui-Yan , Tang Haolan , Lin Yu-Chao , Xiao Zicong , Yang Lin , Kang Jinting , Shen Ji , Qin Liping , Huang Fang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Over long timescales, space weathering processes can modify the compositions of surface materials on the Moon. To assess the effects of space weathering of lunar soils, we study Si isotopes of Chang’E-5 (CE-5) and Chang’E-6 (CE-6) returned samples, and lunar meteorites. Both bulk soils from CE-5 and CE-6 exhibit heavier Si isotopic compositions than the basalt clasts within the soils and lunar meteorites, indicating that the space weathering obviously increase δ30Si of lunar soils. Furthermore, the CE-6 soil from the lunar farside has heavier Si isotopic values than the CE-5 soils from the nearside, suggesting that the CE-6 soil has experienced a higher space weathering degree than the CE-5 soils. This increased weathering degree could be attributed to either a longer weathering period or stronger micrometeorite impacts on CE-6 soil from farside compared to CE-5 soils from nearside.
Preparation, Physicochemical Assessment, and Cytotoxicity of Bone Powder Derived from Cuttlefish Bone via Hydrothermal and Chemical-Enzymatic Transformation
Authors: Azimi Nozhan , Hasannia Sadegh , Aghayan Shabnam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The rising demand for effective bone graft materials, particularly in dentistry, stems from the limitations of autografts, such as limited availability and donor site morbidity. Cuttlebone, a natural and abundant calcium carbonate source, exhibits potential as an alternative due to its structural and mechanical properties. This study investigates the physicochemical and biological properties of bone powder derived from cuttlebone using two processing methods: hydrothermal and chemical-enzymatic transformation, aiming to explore its potential for oral and maxillofacial bone graft applications.
Methods
The thermal processing method removed all organic components, while the enzymatic method retained collagen proteins. The resulting bone powders were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility were evaluated using the MTT assay and cell adhesion tests on L929 fibroblasts and C2C12 osteoblast precursor cells.
Results
SEM and XRD analyses revealed that the thermal samples had a crystalline, polyhedral structure, while the enzymatic samples were amorphous and sheet-like. FTIR confirmed the presence of calcium phosphate in both samples, but the enzymatic group retained collagen-associated amide bonds. BET analysis indicated that the enzymatic samples had a larger surface area and pore volume, which supported better cell adhesion. MTT assays demonstrated the enzymatic group showed over 100% cell viability, indicating excellent biocompatibility, while thermal samples exhibited below 70%.
Conclusion
The enzymatically processed Cuttlebone-derived bone powder showed superior biocompatibility and structural properties suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. In contrast, the thermal samples, although crystalline, were cytotoxic. These findings suggest that enzymatic processing of Cuttlebone may offer a promising, biocompatible alternative for bone grafting applications.
Creditor Rights and Firm Productivity: Evidence from Emerging Markets
Authors: Singh Ranjeet , Chauhan Yogesh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of creditor rights on firm productivity in emerging markets using two empirical approaches. The first approach employs a cross-country analysis with regression techniques, revealing that stronger creditor rights are associated with higher firm productivity in these markets. The second approach utilizes the implementation of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 in India as a quasi-natural experiment to address potential omitted variable bias and confounding effects. Using the Difference-in-Differences method, this analysis confirms that enhancements in creditor rights lead to increased firm productivity, attributable to reduced misallocation of economic resources and improved technology adoption. Additionally, the study demonstrates that better creditor rights contribute to higher capital and labor productivity.
Modeling Monkeypox Epidemics: Thresholds, Temporal Dynamics, and Waning Immunity from Smallpox Vaccination
Authors: Yaga Samaila Jackson 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamics of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) through a novel theoretical framework that extends classical epidemic threshold theory. The dual threshold theory is introduced, highlighting the interplay between the time-dependent basic reproduction number and the susceptible population density. Epidemic initiation is shown to occur when the time dependent reproductive number is greater than the threshold value of one and the susceptible population density at any time is greater than the critical threshold density of susceptibles. The model incorporates waning immunity from prior smallpox vaccination and immunity loss from previous MPXV infections, revealing complex epidemic behaviors such as oscillatory waves, prolonged outbreaks, and extended inter-epidemic periods under high transmission scenarios. Sensitivity analyses identify key drivers of epidemic initiation and progression, emphasizing the critical influence of waning immunity and zoonotic reservoirs. Public health implications underline the importance of targeted vaccination campaigns, rodent control, and continuous surveillance to reduce epidemic risks and prevent resurgence. This study provides actionable insights for managing MPXV outbreaks, while the dual threshold framework offers a robust theoretical foundation for understanding the dynamics of waning of vaccine cross immunity and zoonotic diseases.
Analysis of changes in the ecohydrological situation and its driving forces in the Li River Basin
Authors: Wang Hongxiang , Li Yanhua , Cheng Siyuan , Yuan Weiqi , Bai Xiangyu , Ma Yajuan , Yu Zhiqian , Yu Long , Wang Bing , Guo Wenxian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Quantifying river ecohydrological conditions and their drivers is essential for protecting river ecosystems. Using runoff data from the Shimen Hydrological Station, we quantified changes in the basin's ecohydrological situation with the RVA method. Based on the ABCD model and Budyko's hypothesis, we quantified the differences in runoff drivers on time scales, such as yearly, quarterly, and monthly. The results showed that after the sudden change in the river basin in 1983, the runoff depth was reduced by 51.31 mm, and all five groups of ecohydrological indicators reached more than moderate alteration. The number of reversals was altered by 90.85%, resulting in drought impacting the bottom-mobile streamside organisms. Differences in the contribution of drivers at different time scales were more pronounced. At the annual scale, human activity was the dominant factor in runoff change; at the seasonal scale, human activity was more heavily weighted in winter, accounting for 30.5% of the total. On the monthly scale, human activities contributed more significantly in April, June, October, and December, with 82.91, 78.83, 58.01, and 97.09%, respectively, and climate change was the main driver in the rest of the months (50.26–89.64%).
TRAJETÓRIAS PROFISSIONAIS DE PESSOAS COM CEGUEIRA ADQUIRIDA NA REGIÃO DO SERIDÓ/RN
Authors: SANTOS SILVA LUZIA GUACIRA , BEZERRA VARELLA MARIA DA CONCEIÇÃO , RODRIGUES PAZ JOSEFA ROSENEIDE 
Published: January 2025

A cegueira adquirida é um evento que provoca mudanças internas e externas ao ser humano, trazendo desordem e, ordem, após a vivência do luto pela perda visual. O artigo, revela um recorte de pesquisa de abordagem quali-quanti, do tipo exploratória e descritiva, aplicada via método de Estudo de Caso e ancorada em princípios da abordagem sociocultural. Os dados contemplam concepções de quatro participantes com cegueira adquirida, do município de Currais Novos/RN, mesorregião Central Potiguar, sobre suas experiências profissionais e laborais, como se sentiam e se sentem após a perda da visão. Em torno dos dados, a discussão sobre como se apresenta o mercado de trabalho para pessoas com deficiência, os desafios e as barreiras impostas. Os resultados apontam que o grau da deficiência influencia diretamente o reconhecimento profissional e a valorização do trabalho dessas pessoas. Embora muitas vezes não dito de forma direta, fica implícito que as oportunidades e o respeito profissional são frequentemente modulados pelas limitações percebidas pelos que estão no entorno, mais do que pelas habilidades reais dos indivíduos. Consideramos a inclusão plena de pessoas cegas no mercado de trabalho, o reflexo do compromisso de uma sociedade com a igualdade de oportunidades e o reconhecimento das capacidades de todos os indivíduos, independentemente de suas condições.
Digital Representation of Patients as Medical Digital Twins: Data-Centric Viewpoint
Authors: Demuth Stanislas , De Sèze Jérôme , Edan Gilles , Ziemssen Tjalf , Simon Françoise , Gourraud Pierre-Antoine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Precision medicine involves a paradigm shift toward personalized data-driven clinical decisions. The concept of a medical “digital twin” has recently become popular to designate digital representations of patients as a support for a wide range of data science applications. However, the concept is ambiguous when it comes to practical implementations. Here, we propose a medical digital twin framework with a data-centric approach. We argue that a single digital representation of patients cannot support all the data uses of digital twins for technical and regulatory reasons. Instead, we propose a data architecture leveraging three main families of digital representations: (1) multimodal dashboards integrating various raw health records at points of care to assist with perception and documentation, (2) virtual patients, which provide nonsensitive data for collective secondary uses, and (3) individual predictions that support clinical decisions. For a given patient, multiple digital representations may be generated according to the different clinical pathways the patient goes through, each tailored to balance the trade-offs associated with the respective intended uses. Therefore, our proposed framework conceives the medical digital twin as a data architecture leveraging several digital representations of patients along clinical pathways.
The Research Agenda for Perinatal Innovation and Digital Health Project: Human-Centered Approach to Multipartner Research Agenda Codevelopment
Authors: Amhaz Haneen , Chen Sally Xuanping , Elchehimi Amanee , Han Kylin Jialin , Gil Jade Morales , Yao Lu , Vidler Marianne , Berry-Einarson Kathryn , Dewar Kathryn , Tuason May , Prestley Nicole , Doan Quynh , van Rooij Tibor , Costa Tina , Ogilvie Gina , Payne Beth A 
Published: January 2025

Background
Digital health innovations provide an opportunity to improve access to care, information, and quality of care during the perinatal period, a critical period of health for mothers and infants. However, research to develop perinatal digital health solutions needs to be informed by actual patient and health system needs in order to optimize implementation, adoption, and sustainability.

Objective
Our aim was to co-design a research agenda with defined research priorities that reflected health system realities and patient needs.

Methods
Co-design of the research agenda involved a series of activities: (1) review of the provincial Digital Health Strategy and Maternity Services Strategy to identify relevant health system priorities, (2) anonymous survey targeting perinatal care providers to ascertain their current use and perceived need for digital tools, (3) engagement meetings using human-centered design methods with multilingual patients who are currently or recently pregnant to understand their health experiences and needs, and (4) a workshop that brought together patients and other project partners to prioritize identified challenges and opportunities for perinatal digital health in a set of research questions. These questions were grouped into themes using a deductive analysis approach starting with current BC Digital Health Strategy guiding principles.

Results
Between September 15, 2022, and August 31, 2023, we engaged with more than 150 perinatal health care providers, researchers, and health system stakeholders and a patient advisory group of women who were recently pregnant to understand the perceived needs and priorities for digital innovation in perinatal care in British Columbia, Canada. As a combined group, partners were able to define 12 priority research questions in 3 themes. The themes prioritized are digital innovation for (1) patient autonomy and support, (2) standardized educational resources for patients and providers, and (3) improved access to health information.

Conclusions
Our research agenda highlights the needs for perinatal digital health research to support improvements in the quality of care in British Columbia. By using a human-centered design approach, we were able to co-design research priorities that are meaningful to patients and health system stakeholders. The identified priority research questions are merely a stepping stone in the research process and now need to be actioned by research teams and health systems partners.
Use of the FHTHWA Index as a Novel Approach for Predicting the Incidence of Diabetes in a Japanese Population Without Diabetes: Data Analysis Study
Authors: Wang Jiao , Chen Jianrong , Liu Ying , Xu Jixiong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Many tools have been developed to predict the risk of diabetes in a population without diabetes; however, these tools have shortcomings that include the omission of race, inclusion of variables that are not readily available to patients, and low sensitivity or specificity.

Objective
We aimed to develop and validate an easy, systematic index for predicting diabetes risk in the Asian population.

Methods
We collected the data from the NAGALA (NAfld [nonalcoholic fatty liver disease] in the Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis) database. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model was used to select potentially relevant features. Multiple Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to develop a model based on the training set.

Results
The final study population of 15464 participants had a mean age of 42 (range 18-79) years; 54.5% (8430) were men. The mean follow-up duration was 6.05 (SD 3.78) years. A total of 373 (2.41%) participants showed progression to diabetes during the follow-up period. Then, we established a novel parameter (the FHTHWA index), to evaluate the incidence of diabetes in a population without diabetes, comprising 6 parameters based on the training set. After multivariable adjustment, individuals in tertile 3 had a significantly higher rate of diabetes compared with those in tertile 1 (hazard ratio 32.141, 95% CI 11.545‐89.476). Time receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that the FHTHWA index had high accuracy, with the area under the curve value being around 0.9 during the more than 12 years of follow-up.

Conclusions
This research successfully developed a diabetes risk assessment index tailored for the Japanese population by utilizing an extensive dataset and a wide range of indices. By categorizing the diabetes risk levels among Japanese individuals, this study offers a novel predictive tool for identifying potential patients, while also delivering valuable insights into diabetes prevention strategies for the healthy Japanese populace.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and Magnetic Properties of CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Ag/S for Visible Light-Driven Photodegradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Kunarti Eko Sri , Agustiningsih Dewi , Pambudi Fajar Inggit , Syoufian Akhmad , Santosa Sri Juari 
Published: January 2025

Environmental concerns drive the need for effective photocatalysts that can operate under visible light to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater. This study investigated TiO2-based photocatalyst doped with Ag and S to enhance its visible-light response, modified further with CoFe2O4 to introduce magnetic properties, resulting in a composite, CoFe2O4/TiO2-Ag/S. The synthesis was carried out by using cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and ferric nitrate nonahydrate for CoFe2O4 precursor, titanium tetraisopropoxide for TiO2 precursor, and silver nitrate with thiourea for Ag and S dopants. Results from characterization analyses, including FTIR, XRD, UV-vis, SEM-EDX, TEM, and VSM, confirmed the composite structure, with magnetic properties reflected in saturation magnetization of 10.69 emu g−1 and an extended UV-vis absorption edge indicating improved visible light activity. Photocatalytic tests for methylene blue degradation showed the highest performance (92%) with a 1:1 Ag:S ratio under visible light at pH 10 over 120 min, using 20 mg of catalyst in 5 ppm solution. Additionally, the composite demonstrated strong stability, retaining efficiency across six cycles of reuse.
Enhanced Optical Properties of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Films Through Co-Sensitization with Multiple Natural Dyes
Authors: Musyarofah Musyarofah , Nuraini Inas , Prayitno Budi , Ernawati Lusi , Ismail Andi Idhil , Triwikantoro Triwikantoro 
Published: January 2025

The ZnO-TiO2 films were co-sensitized with single, double, and triple natural dyes, leading to distinct effects on the optical properties. ZnO (wurtzite) and TiO2 (anatase) were prepared from commercial powders and the XRD results revealed that the crystallite size is 158 and 443 nm, respectively. The UV absorbance of ZnO powder shows significant peaks at wavelengths of 255 and 345 nm, with a band gap energy of 3.07 eV. Meanwhile, TiO2 powder exhibits a maximum peak at 325 nm and possesses a band gap energy of 3.16 eV. The extraction of natural dyes (Moringa oleifera, Biancaea sappan, Matricaria chamomilla, Rosa, and Chrysanthemum) was carried out using a cost-effective and simple method involving immersion in ethanol for 2 × 24 h followed by filtration. FTIR test results show the presence of O–H, C–H, C=C, and C–O functional groups. The results of coating the ZnO-TiO2 film with natural dyes show that the UV spectrum peaks are higher than the visible light wavelength. Co-sensitization of double natural dyes demonstrated different effects on the ZnO-TiO2 film, i.e., achieved panchromatic absorption mainly in the UV wavelength spectrum.
PERBANDINGAN SISTEM PEMELIHARAAN MODEL KANDANG POSTAL DAN KANDANG BATERAI TERHADAP HEN DAY PRODUCTION (HDP) AYAM PETELUR
Authors: Hadi Suryo , Pernanda Dani 
Published: January 2025

Kandang merupakan salah satu hal penting yang harus disedikan dalam melakukan pemeliharaan ternak baik ternak unggas, ruminansia maupun jenis aneka ternak lainnya. Dalam segitiga produksi ternak yang terdiri dari Breeding, Feeding dan Managemen, manajemen pemeliharaan merupakan salah satu bagian dari keberhasilan usaha beternak ayam petelur. Termasuk dalam pemilihan dan penggunaan bentuk kandang yang tepat merupakan bagian dari kegiatan manajemen pemeliharaan ayam petelur. Studi literatur menyebutkan bahwa penggunaan bentuk kandang yang tepat dapat meningkatkan pendapatan dan menekan biaya produksi ayam petelur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan produksi ayam petelur yang dipelihara dalam kandang free-range (umbaran) dan kandang postal. Penelitian ini menggunakan materi ayam petelur strain Isa brown umur 39 sampai umur 43 minggu, sebanyak 96 ekor, dilakukan selama 5 minggu dimulai dari tanggal 25 Desember 2021 sampai dengan tanggal 28 Januari 2022. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ayam petelur yang dipelihara menggunakan kandang postal memiliki rata-rata Hen day production (HDP) sebesar 88%, sedangkan yang dipelihara dengan kandang baterai memiliki HDP sebesar 78%. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemeliharaan ayam petelur menggunakan kandang postal menghasilkan HDP lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pemeliharaan menggunakan kandang baterai.
Parental knowledge, awareness, and attitudes towards children’s oral habits: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Almugairin Sarah , Alwably Alanoud , Alayed Nada , Algazlan Alanoud , Alrowaily Hadeel , Eldwakhly Elzahraa , Almudhi Abdullazez 
Published: January 2025

Background: Oral health is fundamental to children’s health and well-being. Parental knowledge, awareness, and practices towards oral habits significantly influence children’s oral health. Early diagnosis and intervention to break abnormal oral habits are vital to prevent long-term detrimental effects on oral and facial development. Objective: This study aimed to assess parents’ knowledge, awareness, and attitudes towards their children’s oral habits in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, where 2,000 participants were enrolled, of whom 563 Saudi mothers residing in Riyadh met the inclusion criteria. A validated, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, child information, parental awareness, and parental attitudes.
Results: Regarding awareness, moderate overall awareness was reported among mothers, with the majority (over 70%) correctly identifying the negative effects of prolonged pacifier/bottle use and other habits on children’s oral health. As for the attitudes, most mothers recognized the importance of stopping sucking habits (digit and/or pacifier) by 18 months and agreed that persistent oral habits cause malocclusion and growth problems. However, a significant gap existed between knowledge and practice, with most mothers (92.9%) never consulting a dentist regarding their child’s ongoing oral habits. Mothers with higher education levels reported encouraging their children to stop habits and documented improvements observed after habit cessation.
Conclusions: Although most mothers demonstrated moderate awareness of the detrimental effects of prolonged oral habits, a clear gap remains between knowledge and practice. This study emphasizes the need for educational programs to improve parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding children’s oral habits. Additionally, addressing cultural beliefs and cost barriers to dental treatment could increase the utilization of dental services, improving children’s oral health.