bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ hydrogelation of photocurable gelatin and drug release
Authors: Okino H. , Nakayama Y. , Tanaka M. , Matsuda T. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe devised an in situ tissue‐adhesive, drug‐release technology based on a photoreactive gelatin, which allows in situ drug‐incorporated gel formation on living tissues and sustained drug release directly on diseased tissues. Styrene‐derivatized gelatins, synthesized by condensation reaction of gelatin with 4‐vinylbenzoic acid, were photopolymerized in the presence of a water‐soluble camphorquinone derivative as a photoinitiator upon visible‐light irradiation to form swollen gels. Using albumin as a drug model, gelation characteristics and drug‐release characteristics easily were manipulated by material variables, formulation variables, and operation variables. Tissue adhesivity of the gel was superior to that of fibrin glue. The biologic response, which was evaluated by intraperitoneal implantation in rats, showed that the gel was biodegraded and biosorbed, without cytotoxicity, within a few months after implantation. An in situ processable tissue‐adhesive local drug release system effectively may be used to help inhibit tumor recurrence. © 2001 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 59: 233–245, 2002
FAK regulates tyrosine phosphorylation of CAS, paxillin, and PYK2 in cells expressing v‐Src, but is not a critical determinant of v‐Src transformation
Authors: Roy Shyamali , Ruest Paul J. , Hanks Steven K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFAK (focal adhesion kinase) is a nonreceptor protein‐tyrosine kinase activated by tyrosine phosphorylation following integrin‐mediated cell adhesion. Oncogenic Src promotes enhanced and deregulated FAK tyrosine phosphorylation which has been proposed to contribute to altered cell growth and/or morphological properties associated with transformation. In this study, an inducible FAK expression system was used to study the potential role of FAK in v‐Src transformation. Our results portray FAK as a major v‐Src substrate that also plays a role in recruiting v‐Src to phosphorylate substrates CAS (Crk‐associated substrate) and paxillin. The FAK Tyr‐397 autophosphorylation site was necessary for this scaffolding function, but was not required for v‐Src to stably interact with and phosphorylate FAK. FAK was also shown to negatively regulate v‐Src mediated phosphorylation of the FAK‐related kinase PYK2. Despite these effects, FAK does not play an essential role in targeting v‐Src to major cellular substrates including CAS and paxillin. Nor is FAK strictly required to achieve the altered morphological and growth characteristics of v‐Src transformed cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 84: 377–388, 2002. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Wnt signaling during BMP‐2 stimulation of mesenchymal chondrogenesis
Authors: Fischer Leslie , Boland Genevieve , Tuan Rocky S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMembers of both the Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) families of signaling molecules have been implicated in the regulation of cartilage development. A key component of the Wnt signaling pathway is the cytosolic protein, β‐catenin. We have recently shown that the chondrogenic activity of BMP‐2 in vitro involves the action of the cell–cell adhesion protein, N‐cadherin, which functionally complexes with β‐catenin. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that Wnts may be involved in BMP‐2 induced chondrogenesis, using an in vitro model of high‐density micromass cultures of the murine multipotent mesenchymal cell line, C3H10T1/2. Expression of a number of Wnt members was detected in these cultures, including Wnt‐3A and Wnt‐7A, whose levels were up‐ and downregulated, respectively, by BMP‐2. To assess the functional involvement of Wnt signaling in BMP‐2 induced chondrogenesis, cultures were treated with lithium chloride, a Wnt‐7A mimetic that acts by inhibiting the serine/threonine phosphorylation activity of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β). Lithium treatment significantly inhibited BMP‐2 stimulation of chondrogenesis as well as GSK‐3β enzymatic activity, and decreased the levels of N‐cadherin protein and mRNA. Furthermore, lithium decreased BMP‐2 upregulation of total and nuclear levels of LEF‐1 and β‐catenin as well as their interaction during later chondrogenesis; similarly, the interaction of β‐catenin with N‐cadherin was also decreased. Interestingly, lithium treatment did not affect the ability of BMP‐2 to decrease ubiquitination of β‐catenin, although it did reduce the interaction of β‐catenin with GSK‐3β during late chondrogenesis (days 9–13). We suggest that the chondro‐inhibitory effect of lithium on BMP‐2 induced chondrogenesis indicates antagonism between lithium‐like Wnts and BMP‐2 during mesenchymal condensation. J. Cell. Biochem. 84: 816–831, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Different effects of genistein on molecular markers related to apoptosis in two phenotypically dissimilar breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Xu Jing , Loo George 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe association between consumption of genistein‐containing soybean products and lower risk of breast cancer suggests a cancer chemopreventive role for genistein. Consistent with this suggestion, exposing cultured human breast cancer cells to genistein inhibits cell proliferation, although this is not completely understood. To better understand how genistein works, the ability of genistein to induce apoptosis was compared in phenotypically dissimilar MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 human breast cancer cells that express the wild‐type and mutant p53 gene, respectively. After 6 days of incubation with 50 μM genistein, MCF‐7 but not MDA‐MB‐231 cells, showed morphological signs of apoptosis. Marginal proteolytic cleavage of poly‐(ADP‐ribose)‐polymerase and significant DNA fragmentation were also detected in MCF‐7 cells. In elucidating these findings, it was determined that after 2 days of incubation with genistein, MCF‐7 but not MDA‐MB‐231 cells, had significantly higher levels of p53. Accordingly, the expression of certain proteins modulated by p53 was studied next. Levels of p21 increased in both of the genistein‐treated cell lines, suggesting that p21 gene expression was activated but in a p53‐independent manner, whereas no significant changes in levels of the pro‐apoptotic protein, Bax, were found. In MCF‐7 cells, levels of the anti‐apoptotic protein, Bcl‐2, decreased slightly at 18–24 h but then increased considerably after 48 h. Hence, the Bax:Bcl‐2 ratio initially increased but later decreased. These data suggest that at the genistein concentration tested, MCF‐7 cells in contrast to MDA‐MB‐231 cells were sensitive to the induction of apoptosis by genistein, but Bax and Bcl‐2 did not play clear roles. J. Cell. Biochem. 82: 78–88, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Maximum feasibility guideline in the design and analysis of protein folding potentials
Authors: Meller Jaroslaw , Wagner Michael , Elber Ron 
Published: August 2002

AbstractProtein folding potentials are expected to have the lowest energy for the native shape. The Linear Programming (LP) approach achieves exactly that goal for a training set, or indicates that this goal is impossible to obtain. If a solution cannot be found (i.e., the problem is infeasible) two possible routes are possible: (a) choosing a new functional form for the potential, (b) finding the best potential with a feasible subset of the data, and (or) detecting inconsistent subset of the data in the training set. Here, we explore option (b). A simple heuristic for finding an approximate solution to an infeasible set of linear inequalities is outlined. An approximately feasible solution is obtained iteratively, starting from a certain initial guess, by computing a series of analytic centers of the polyhedra defined by all the inequalities satisfied at the subsequent iterations. Standard interior point algorithms for Linear Programming can be used to compute efficiently the analytic center of a polyhedron. We demonstrate how this procedure can be used for the design of folding potentials that are linear in their parameters. The procedure shows an improvement in the quality of the potentials and sometimes points to flaws in the original data. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 111–118, 2002
Qmd‐plot: A graphical utility for rapid preliminary analysis of time series of fluctuating data, developed in the context of molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Kalat Sam , Mann Geoff , Hermans Jan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractQmd‐plot is a utility to obtain rapid information about past or on‐going simulations, or real‐time data collections, in the form of graphs of recorded variables (x,y,…), as x–y plots or as a function of simulated or real time. Time series records in the data file must be named. Variable names and their locations in the data file are initially unknown to the program, but are identified in a first scan, in which header records are located on the basis of a predefined key (that can be changed interactively). The names of the time series are then presented in an interactive menu, from which the user can repeatedly specify a graph to be viewed. Qmd‐plot has been developed in the context of molecular dynamics simulations. We give examples of time series and x–y plots made from output of the sigma program. Qmd‐plot code is a Java application; source and class files can be obtained free from the authors. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 184–188, 2002
Reducing CAS‐SDCI space. Using selected spaces in configuration interaction calculations in an efficient way
Authors: Pitarch‐Ruiz José , Sánchez‐Marín José , Maynau Daniel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA new method is presented, which allows an important reduction of the size of some Configuration Interaction (CI) matrices. Starting from a Complete Active Space (CAS), the numerous configurations that have a small weight in the CAS wave function are eliminated. When excited configurations (e.g., singly and doubly excited) are added to the reference space, the resulting MR‐SDCI space is reduced in the same proportion as compared with the full CAS–SDCI. A set of active orbitals is chosen, but some selection of the most relevant excitations is performed because not all the possible excitations act as SDCI generators. Thanks to a new addressing technique, the computational time is drastically reduced, because the new addressing of the selected active space is as efficient as the addressing of the CAS. The presentation of the method is followed by two test calculations on the N2 and HCCH molecules. For the N2 the FCI results are taken as a benchmark reference. The outer valence ionization potentials of HCCH are compared to the experimental values. Both examples allow to test the accuracy of the MR–SDCI compared to that of the corresponding CAS–SDCI, despite the noticeable reduction of the CI space. The algorithm is suitable for the dressing techniques that allow for the correction of the size‐extensivity error. The corrected results are also shown and discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 1157–1165, 2002
Cycle decompositions III: Complete graphs and fixed length cycles
Authors: Šajna Mateja 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe show that the necessary conditions for the decomposition of the complete graph of odd order into cycles of a fixed even length and for the decomposition of the complete graph of even order minus a 1‐factor into cycles of a fixed odd length are also sufficient. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Combin Designs 10: 27–78, 2002
Increases of IgA milk concentrations correlate with IgA2 increment
Authors: Trégoat Virginie , Montagne Paul , Béné Marie‐Christine , Faure Gilbert 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIgA, IgA1, and IgA2 concentrations were determined in 81 defatted human milk samples?: colostrum (days 1–5, n = 42), transitional milk (days 6–14, n = 18) and mature milk (days 15–75, n = 21) by immunonephelometry. Correlations were found between total IgA levels and the concentrations of both IgA subclasses (P < 0.0001). The levels of the three molecules decreased over lactation with significant differences (P < 0.05) between colostrum and transitional milk levels and between colostrum and mature milk. Colostral IgA1 and IgA2 mean concentrations dropped respectively from 10.89 ± 2.12g/L, and 15.41 ± 2.10g/L to 1.83 ± 0.73g/L and 3.40 ± 1.25g/L in transitional milk reaching finally to 0.36 ± 0.07 g/L and 0.27 ± 0.06g/L in mature milk. IgA2 concentrations were higher than those of IgA1 when the total IgA level was high. The IgA2 levels in colostrum could be an adaptation resistance of IgA to potentially harmful pathogens able to secrete IgA proteases and also a way to regulate colonization of the microflora in the newborn. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 15:55–58, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytokine serum levels in patients with chronic HCV infection
Authors: Spanakis Nick E. , Garinis George A. , Alexopoulos Evangelos C. , Patrinos George P. , Menounos Panayotis G. , Sklavounou Alexandra , Manolis Evangelos N. , Gorgoulis Vassilis G. , Valis Dimitrios 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe pathogenic role of immune‐mediated mechanisms in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we report different cytokine expression profiles from hemodialysis (HD) and non‐HD HCV (+) patients. IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and TGF‐β1 serum levels, and liver biochemical parameters were determined in 85 individuals (41 HD patients and 44 non‐HD patients). Screening for HCV RNA and anti‐HCV antibodies was performed using qualitative and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and standardized enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) methods, respectively. IL‐4 and IL‐1β demonstrated decreased serum levels in non‐HD HCV carriers compared with healthy controls. Both T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 lymphocytes were highly associated with chronic HCV infection, as indicated by the increased IL‐2, IL‐4, and IL‐6 cytokine circulating levels in all chronic active hepatitis (CAH) patients examined. An enhanced Th2 response (IL‐4 and IL‐6) coupled with increased TNF‐α and IL‐1β serum levels was reported in HD HCV (–) patients. In conclusion, our data show that a virus‐induced Th2 and IL‐1β immunosuppression is an early event in HCV‐related chronicity. Long‐term HD specifically exerts a chronic effect on IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α serum circulating levels. Irrespective of the HD status, HCV viremia, and liver biochemistry parameters, both Th1 and Th2 responses are highly associated with chronic HCV infection. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:40–46, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simple genotype analysis of the Asp299Gly polymorphism of the Toll‐like receptor‐4 gene that is associated with lipopolysaccharide hyporesponsiveness
Authors: Okayama Naoko , Fujimura Kozue , Suehiro Yutaka , Hamanaka Yuichiro , Fujiwara Motoki , Matsubara Tomoyo , Maekawa Tsuyoshi , Hazama Shoichi , Oka Masaaki , Nohara Hiroaki , Kayano Kozo , Okita Kiwamu , Hinoda Yuji 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (Asp299Gly) in the Toll‐like receptor‐4 (TLR‐4) gene affects the responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide in humans. To analyze this important polymorphism more efficiently, we developed a simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction length fragment polymorphism (RFLP) assay and examined the Asp299Gly allele frequency in a Japanese population. The PCR primer was designed with 1‐ or 2‐bp mismatches, creating the recognition sequence for restriction enzyme BsaBI or BstXI, allowing RFLP analysis of the digested products. Genotyping was carried out with this assay for 275 DNA specimens from 107 healthy volunteers and 168 patients with various diseases, including ulcerative colitis (n = 86). The Asp299Gly allele of the TLR‐4 gene was not detected in any of the specimens, suggesting that it is very rare in Japanese. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:56–58, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thought Field Therapy—Soothing the bad moments of Kosovo
Authors: Johnson Carl , Shala Mustafe , Sejdijaj Xhevdet , Odell Robert , Dabishevci Kadengjika 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTrauma in Kosovo was treated with Thought Field Therapy (TFT) during five separate trips by members of the Global Institute of Thought Field Therapy, in the year 2000. Clinicians from Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States were joined in Kosovo by four physicians who transported them to remote war‐torn villages where patients with severe trauma were treated. Treatment was given to 105 patients with 249 separate traumas. Total relief was reported by 103 of the patients, and for 247 of the separate traumas. Follow‐up data averaging five months revealed no instance of relapse. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 1237–1240, 2001.
Altering women's relationships with food: A relational, developmental approach
Authors: Maine Margo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEating disorders, ranging from body‐image distortions to full‐blown anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, reflect developmental issues and significant deficits in feelings of self‐efficacy. The relational model, an outgrowth of theoretical work specific to the psychology of women, is an appropriate treatment approach. This model appreciates the social context and pressures that foster disconnection from the self and helps the woman to reconnect with self and others, decreasing the need for obsessive control over food and weight. Treatment emphasizes empathy, connection, mutuality, and authenticity and views disconnections and disruptions as the predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors related to eating disorders. The client–therapist relationship is central to this model as demonstrated by a case illustration. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session 57: 1301–1310, 2001.
Factors associated with depression in navy recruits
Authors: Williams Reg Arthur , Hagerty Bonnie M. , Yousha Steven M. , Hoyle Kenneth S. , Oe Hiroaki 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe age of onset for depression is decreasing and seems to be linked with major life events. This study examined predisposing and concomitant factors related to Navy recruit basic training, and consisted of 443 recruits (200 with depressive symptoms and 243 matched comparison subjects). Two hypotheses were proposed, and both were supported by results of the study. Depressed recruits were more likely to be separated from the Navy and not complete training. They had significantly more predisposing factors than comparison recruits including family history of mental illness, family history of alcohol abuse, and history of psychiatric problems. They also had significantly more concomitant factors such as higher levels of stress, more loneliness, more life‐change events, lower sense of belonging, more emotion‐oriented coping, and less task‐oriented coping. Although the study examined Navy recruits, the findings are applicable to depression in young people. This study adds to understanding the role of life
stressors, interpersonal functioning, and development of depressive symptoms. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 323–337, 2002.
A relational framework for the study of religiosity and spirituality in the lives of African Americans
Authors: Mattis Jacqueline S. , Jagers Robert J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractReligiosity and spirituality are defining features of African American life. However, within psychology, research on African American religiosity and spirituality has proceeded without benefit of a conceptual framework. This paper labors toward a framework that examines the roles of religion and spirituality in the development and maintenance of social relationships. We review empirical research on the role of religion and spirituality in the lives of African Americans with an eye toward illuminating the affective, cognitive, and behavioral mechanisms through which religion and spirituality shape individual, family, and communal relationships across the developmental span. Future directions for quantitative and qualitative research on African American religious and spiritual life are suggested. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
pRb2/p130 and p107 control cell growth by multiple strategies and in association with different compartments within the nucleus*
Authors: Zini Nicoletta , Trimarchi Carmela , Claudio Pier Paolo , Stiegler Peter , Marinelli Fiorenzo , Maltarello Maria Cristina , La Sala Dario , De Falco Giulia , Russo Giuseppe , Ammirati Giuseppe , Maraldi Nadir Mario , Giordano Antonio , Cinti Caterina 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIt has been recently reported that retinoblastoma family proteins suppress cell growth by regulating not only E2F‐dependent mRNA transcription but also rRNA and tRNA transcription and, through HDAC1 recruitment, chromatin packaging. In the present study we report data showing that these various control strategies are correlated, at least in part, with nuclear compartmentalization of retinoblastoma proteins. In a first series of experiments, we showed that pRb2/p130 and p107 are not evenly distributed within the nucleus and that cell cycle‐dependent binding with E2F4 changes also as a function of their subnuclear localization. Namely, in the nucleoplasm pRb2/p130‐E2F4 complexes are more numerous during G0/G1 while in the nucleolus they increase in S phase. Partially different functions for p107 are suggested since p107‐E2F4 complexes in the nucleoplasm are more numerous is S phase with respect to G0/G1 and no cell cycle change is observed in the nucleolus. In a second series of experiments we showed that pRb2/p130, p107, E2F4, and pRb2/p130‐HDAC1 complexes are all inner nuclear matrix‐associated proteins and localize to sites different from pRb/p105 ones. We provide further evidence of multiple and partially distinct retinoblastoma protein family functional roles during cell cycle. Moreover, our data support emerging evidence for functional interrelationships between nuclear structure and gene expression. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced proliferation and differentiation of rat hepatocytes cultured with bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Mizuguchi Toru , Hui Thomas , Palm Kaia , Sugiyama Nozomu , Mitaka Toshihiro , Demetriou Achilles A. , Rozga Jacek 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLiver transplantation is the only clinically effective method of treating acute liver failure. However, wider application of this therapeutic modality is restricted primarily by shortage of donor organs. In the search for alternative methods of liver replacement therapy, investigators have focused on transplantation of normal allogeneic hepatocytes and on the development of liver support systems utilizing isolated hepatocytes. Since all human livers suitable for cell harvest are being used for transplantation, hepatocyte therapy using human tissue would require growing of cells in vitro. Unfortunately, although hepatocytes have tremendous capacity to proliferate in vivo, their ability to grow in culture is severely limited. Stromal cells from bone marrow and other blood‐forming organs have been found to support hematopoiesis. In this paper, we show that bone marrow‐derived stromal cells (BMSCs) enhance proliferation and support differentiation of rat hepatocytes in culture. Further, we demonstrate that in hepatocyte/BMSC co‐cultures, clonal expansion of small hepatocytes (SH) is increased. Using semipermeable membrane cultures, we established that direct cell–cell contact is necessary for stimulation of cell proliferation. We also show that BMSCs which are in direct contact with hepatocytes and SH colonies express Jagged1. This suggests a potential role for Notch signaling in the observed effects. Finally, we present evidence that the expression and activity of liver specific transcirption factors, CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins and liver specific key enzymes such as tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase, are improved in hepatocyte/BMSC co‐cultures. In conclusion, results of this study indicate that BMSCs could facilitate proliferation and differentiation of primary rat hepatocytes and their progenitors (SH) in vitro. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.