bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Bedeutung der von Grundschulkindern wahrgenommenen Beziehung zu ihrer Klassenlehrkraft für deren Einhaltung von Klassenregeln
Authors: Spilles Markus , Huber Christian , Kaspar Kai , Hennemann Thomas 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungInternationale Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass Classroom Management (CM) Unterrichtsstörungen effektiv reduzieren kann. Wie CM in der Forschungsliteratur konkret definiert wird, variiert jedoch sehr stark. Grundsätzlich lassen sich eine traditionelle, lehrkraftzentrierte Perspektive von einer erweiterten Perspektive, bei der Schüler*innen stärker miteinbezogen werden, unterscheiden. Einhergehend mit einem erweiterten Begriffsverständnis wird in verschiedenen Arbeiten betont, dass die Basis für ein effektives CM eine tragfähige Lehrkraft-Schüler*innen-Beziehung (LSB) sei. Im Beitrag wird vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht, inwieweit der lehrkraftzentrierte Umgang mit Unterrichtsstörungen (LUU) und die LSB in Zusammenhang mit der Regeleinhaltung von Schüler*innen stehen. Im Rahmen einer Querschnittsuntersuchung mit n = 548 Schüler*innen (49 % weiblich, Alter: M = 9,10, SD = 0,70) aus dritten und vierten Grundschulklassen wurde erörtert, ob a) der durch die Schüler*innen wahrgenommene LUU positiv mit der Regeleinhaltung der Schüler*innen zusammenhängt, b) die durch die Schüler*innen wahrgenommene LSB in positivem Zusammenhang mit der Regeleinhaltung steht und c) eine positive LSB den Zusammenhang von LUU und Regeleinhaltung erhöht. Die Ergebnisse der Mehrebenenanalyse stützen die zweite und dritte Hypothese mit schwachen bis mittleren bzw. sehr schwachen Effekten. Entsprechend könnte im Sinne der dritten Hypothese davon ausgegangen werden, dass der LUU umso effektiver ist, je positiver Schüler*innen die Beziehung zu ihrer Lehrkraft wahrnehmen.
Ethics and Health Security in the Australian COVID-19 Context: A Critical Interpretive Literature Review
Authors: Fehross Anson , Pahlman Kari , Silva Diego S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground The concept of “health security” is often used to motivate public health responses, yet the ethical values that underpin this concept remain largely unexamined. The recent Australian responses to COVID-19 serve as an important case study by which we can analyse the pre-existing literature to see what ethical values shaped, and continue to shape, Australia’s response. Methods We conducted a critical interpretive literature review of academic and grey literatures within key databases, resulting in 2,220 sources. After screening for duplicates and relevance, we analysed ninety-six sources. Results First, risk and uncertainty are a leading focus, with a heavy concentration on risks to life and health. Second, free movement, safety, and security were recurringly emphasized, albeit narrowly focused upon the safety of the population. Third, legitimacy was a recurring theme, and it is here that discussions of “health security” figured highly. Conclusion Discussions of harm from government and associated official bodies fail to adequately distinguish between various senses of harm. Moreover, while the literature often discusses the balancing of rights, the steps involved in the weighing of these rights is rarely adequately explained and defended. We suggest that decision-makers should endeavour to clearly identify and defend the values undergirding their decisions in the public sphere.
Frontiers of Ovarian Carcinosarcoma
Authors: Ismail Ayden , Choi Sunyoung , Boussios Stergios 
Published: November 2023

Opinion statementOvarian carcinosarcoma (OCS), also known as a malignant mixed Müllerian tumour (MMMT), is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that accounts for less than 5% of ovarian cancers. It is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, with a median overall survival (OS) of less than 2 years. Several factors, including advancing age, nulliparity, reduced lactation rates, decreased use of oral contraceptive pills, genetic mutations in BRCA (breast cancer) genes, and the use of assisted reproductive technology, may increase the risk of OCS. Poor prognostic factors include an advanced stage at diagnosis, older age, lymph node metastasis, suboptimal surgical cytoreduction, the presence of heterologous features on histopathology, and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumour protein p53, and p53 alongside Wilms tumour 1 (WT1). The main treatment approach for OCS is cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, although immunotherapy is showing promise. Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) testing may enhance outcomes by enabling personalized immunotherapy and targeted therapies for specific patient groups, thereby reducing unnecessary side effects and healthcare costs. However, there is currently a lack of standardised treatment regimens for OCS patients, with most studies consisting of case reports and a shortage of suitable comparator groups. This article aims to provide clinicians with information on the epidemiology, risk factors, prognostic factors, and latest therapeutic advancements in OCS.
Enhancing the Wettability of Fibre Surface: A Comparative Experimental Study of Different Surface Activation Principles on Single Polyamide Fibre
Authors: Gleissner Carolin , Bechtold Thomas , Pham Tung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we have compared three different principles of surface activation with regard to their effects on the properties of single polyamide fibres. The techniques used include the complexation-mediated surface treatment using CaCl2/EtOH/H2O solution (CEW), the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment with air (APPA) and grafting polymerisation process with 2- hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The CEW modification, the plasma treatment and the grafting process induced a decrease in advancing contact angle and thus led to an improved wettability of the polyamide fibre. While for the CEW treatment, the decrease was solely due to a change in topography such as increased surface roughness leading to increased capillary effect, for the APPA and grafting technique the decrease was attributed to a combination of increased surface roughness and increased amount of oxygen or nitrogen-containing groups as detected by XPS. In addition, the fibre fineness decreased in the case of CEW treatment due to a dissolution of polyamide segments during the modification, while it increased in the grafting process due to an additional grafted layer. However, an increase in wetted length was observed for most samples, which was attributed to the increased waviness of the fibres. All treatments induced a decrease in fibre tensile strength that decreased with increasing treatment intensity.
Neural network mapping of gelastic behavior in children with hypothalamus hamartoma
Authors: Guo Zhi-Hao , Zhang Jian-Guo , Shao Xiao-Qiu , Hu Wen-Han , Sang Lin , Zheng Zhong , Zhang Chao , Wang Xiu , Li Chun-De , Mo Jia-Jie , Zhang Kai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Hypothalamus hamartomas (HHs) are rare, congenital, tumor-like, and nonprogressive malformations resulting in drug-resistant epilepsy, mainly affecting children. Gelastic seizures (GS) are an early hallmark of epilepsy with HH. The aim of this study was to explore the disease progression and the underlying physiopathological mechanisms of pathological laughter in HH.

Methods
We obtained clinical information and metabolic images of 56 HH patients and utilized ictal semiology evaluation to stratify the specimens into GS-only, GS-plus, and no-GS subgroups and then applied contrasted trajectories inference (cTI) to calculate the pseudotime value and evaluate GS progression. Ordinal logistic regression was performed to identify neuroimaging-clinical predictors of GS, and then voxelwise lesion network-symptom mapping (LNSM) was applied to explore GS-associated brain regions.

Results
cTI inferred the specific metabolism trajectories of GS progression and revealed increased complexity from GS to other seizure types. This was further validated via actual disease duration (Pearson R = 0.532, P = 0.028). Male sex [odds ratio (OR) = 2.611, P = 0.013], low age at seizure onset (OR = 0.361, P = 0.005), high normalized HH metabolism (OR =  − 1.971, P = 0.037) and severe seizure burden (OR =  − 0.006, P = 0.032) were significant neuroimaging clinical predictors. LNSM revealed that the dysfunctional cortico-subcortico-cerebellar network of GS and the somatosensory cortex (S1) represented a negative correlation.

Conclusions
This study sheds light on the clinical characteristics and progression of GS in children with HH. We identified distinct subtypes of GS and demonstrated the involvement of specific brain regions at the cortical–subcortical–cerebellar level. These valuable results contribute to our understanding of the neural correlates of GS.
Transfer of industrial contaminants from the inner to the outer region of Sepetiba Bay (SE Brazil) by dredge spoil dumping activities: a temporal record
Authors: Saibro Murilo Barros , Martins Maria Virgínia Alves , Guerra Josefa Varela , Figueira Rubens Cesar Lopes , de Castro Figueiredo Simões Felipe , Dadalto Tatiana Pinheiro , Trevizani Tailisi Hoppe , de Lima Ferreira Paulo Alves , Silva Cleverson Guizan , dos Reis António Tadeu , Terroso Denise , da Silva Layla Cristine , Bergamaschi Sergio , Rocha Fernando , Heilbron Monica 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA multiproxy approach involving grain size, geophysical (resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and P-wave velocity), mineralogical (XRD), and geochemical (elemental, stable isotopes) data has been applied to core SP9 (128 cm long) to reconstruct natural and anthropogenic changes since ≈1850 AD (anno domine) (dating by 210Pb and 127Cs methods) in a distal region of Sepetiba Bay (SB), Rio de Janeiro State (SE Brazil). The analyzed core is a fine-grained sedimentary sequence (except its upper 20 cm). It comprises detrital particles derived from felsic and intermediate source rocks, as suggested by the fields defined by the biplot Zr vs TiO2 and the Al2O3/TiO2 ratios. Despite the increase in particle size at the top of the core, there was a progressive increase in the organic matter and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contents and nutrients such as N and P. The geophysical data allowed us to identify the presence of subsurface (biogenic) gas, which suggests the occurrence of eutrophication processes in the study area despite its location in the outer region of the bay. Core SP9 records cyclical changes over the last ≈170 years in the mineralogical and elemental composition of the sediments and type of organic matter supplied to the bottom. These changes are associated with phases of more significant oceanic influence, salinity variations in the study area, and greater or lesser oxygen depletion in the sediment. These changes may have resulted from climatic oscillations or variations in the configuration and extension of the Ponta da Pombeba spit. The extent of this structure and the anthropic activities have contributed to the contamination of this area since 1975 AD. However, statistical analyses (Pearson correlations and principal components analysis) suggest that the transport and accumulation of PTEs (mainly Cd and Zn) did not strictly follow the general pattern of sedimentary dynamics prevailing in the studied area. Results indicate that this area became strongly polluted by Cd and Zn and with high ecological risk due to dredging and spoil disposal activities at sites close to the study area. It is noted that the environmental degradation reached higher levels here than in areas close to the primary source of the metals, the disabled Ingá Mercantil Company, in Madeira Island. This work demonstrates the temporal effect of dredge disposal activities in a distal region of Sepetiba Bay for the first time. It is a strong indicator that dredged spoil areas must be selected carefully, since healthy areas can become degraded due to the dumping of polluted waste.
Conceptualised psycho-medical footprint for health status outcomes and the potential impacts for early detection and prevention of chronic diseases in the context of 3P medicine
Authors: Afrifa-Yamoah Ebenezer , Adua Eric , Anto Enoch Odame , Peprah-Yamoah Emmanuel , Opoku-Yamoah Victor , Aboagye Emmanuel , Hashmi Rashid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25) is a distinctive medical psychometric diagnostic tool designed for the early detection of chronic diseases. However, the synaptic connections between the 25 symptomatic items and their relevance in supporting the monitoring of suboptimal health outcomes, which are precursors for chronic diseases, have not been thoroughly evaluated within the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalised medicine (PPPM/3PM). This baseline study explores the internal structure of the SHSQ-25 and demonstrates its discriminatory power to predict optimal and suboptimal health status (SHS) and develop photogenic representations of their distinct relationship patterns.

Methods
The cross-sectional study involved healthy Ghanaian participants (n = 217; aged 30–80 years; ~ 61% female), who responded to the SHSQ-25. The median SHS score was used to categorise the population into optimal and SHS. Graphical LASSO model and multi-dimensional scaling configuration methods were employed to describe the network structures for the two populations.

Results
We observed differences in the structural, node placement and node distance of the synaptic networks for the optimal and suboptimal populations. A statistically significant variance in connectivity levels was noted between the optimal (58 non-zero edges) and suboptimal (43 non-zero edges) networks (p = 0.024). Fatigue emerged as a prominently central subclinical condition within the suboptimal population, whilst the cardiovascular system domain had the greatest relevance for the optimal population. The contrast in connectivity levels and the divergent prominence of specific subclinical conditions across domain networks shed light on potential health distinctions.

Conclusions
We have demonstrated the feasibility of creating dynamic visualizers of the evolutionary trends in the relationships between the domains of SHSQ-25 relative to health status outcomes. This will provide in-depth comprehension of the conceptual model to inform personalised strategies to circumvent SHS. Additionally, the findings have implications for both health care and disease prevention because at-risk individuals can be predicted and prioritised for monitoring, and targeted intervention can begin before their symptoms reach an irreversible stage.
A Unified Approach to Hierarchical Random Measures
Authors: Catalano Marta , Del Sole Claudio , Lijoi Antonio , Prünster Igor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHierarchical models enjoy great popularity due to their ability to handle heterogeneous groups of observations by leveraging on their underlying common structure. In a Bayesian nonparametric framework, the hierarchy is introduced at the level of group-specific random measures, and then translated to the observations’ level via suitable transformations. In this work, we propose a new strategy to derive closed-form expressions for the marginal and posterior distributions of each group. Indeed, by directly inserting a suitable set of latent variables into the generative model for the data, we unravel a common core shared by the different hierarchical constructions proposed in the Bayesian nonparametric literature. Specifically, we identify a key identity that underlies these models and highlight its role in the derivation of quantities of interest.
On the interior Bernoulli free boundary problem for the fractional Laplacian on an interval
Authors: Kulczycki Tadeusz , Wszoła Jacek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We study the structure of solutions of the interior Bernoulli free boundary problem for

$$(-\Delta )^{\alpha /2}$$

(
-
Δ
)

α
/
2

on an interval D with parameter

$$\lambda > 0$$

λ
>
0

. In particular, we show that there exists a constant

$$\lambda _{\alpha ,D} > 0$$

λ

α
,
D

>
0

(called the Bernoulli constant) such that the problem has no solution for

$$\lambda \in (0,\lambda _{\alpha ,D})$$

λ
∈
(
0
,

λ

α
,
D

)

, at least one solution for

$$\lambda = \lambda _{\alpha ,D}$$

λ
=

λ

α
,
D

and at least two solutions for

$$\lambda > \lambda _{\alpha ,D}$$

λ
>

λ

α
,
D

. We also study the interior Bernoulli problem for the fractional Laplacian for an interval with one free boundary point. We discuss the connection of the Bernoulli problem with the corresponding variational problem and present some conjectures. In particular, we show for

$$\alpha = 1$$

α
=
1

that there exists solutions of the interior Bernoulli free boundary problem for

$$(-\Delta )^{\alpha /2}$$

(
-
Δ
)

α
/
2

on an interval which are not minimizers of the corresponding variational problem.
Muslim converts as a heuristic device for postsecular thinking: agonism as an alternative approach
Authors: Olusola Jeremiah O. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe public resurgence of religious adherence in the West remains one of the defining qualities of this century. If secularisation theory can be understood to articulate the inevitable secularisation of post-enlightenment European societies, religious converts may be understood to epitomise some of the theory’s failings. Through a narrative-ethnographic investigation into the identity configurations and educational experiences of fifteen millennial (born between 1981 and 1996) Muslim converts, my doctoral research indicates that these converts tend to construct deeply religious identities, characterised by scriptural literalism. Set within the backdrop of an educational context that some perceive as increasingly censorious, these convert Muslims provide a heuristic device with which to examine the contested public spaces in which religious subjectivity can be expressed. This paper will bring literature challenging the securitisation agenda in education, into conversation with theories resistant to the impulse to seek consensus in social and educational debate. Advocating for more agonistic approaches to education, I will present examples from my data that warn of the ways in which ‘hardened’ secular and liberal biases may contribute towards an unmooring of the pluralistic endeavour. Located within contemporary debates about the importance of religion as a discursive aspect of modernity, the chilling of free speech and the place of transgressive thought, the paper encourages an expansion of opportunities to disagree.
A Theory of Secure and Efficient Implementation of Electronic Money
Authors: Buldas Ahto , Draheim Dirk , Saarepera Märt 
Published: November 2023

AbstractScalable and secure implementation of central bank digital currencies (CBDC) has been a challenge. Blockchains provide high operator-independent security and enable central banks to outsource CBDC operations while retaining control over the amount of circulating money. Scalability of blockchain depends on the possibility of decomposing the blockchain. We study how the choice of money scheme: accounts, bills, or unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs) influences the existence of secure and decomposable blockchain implementations of CBDC. We give formal definitions to money schemes, their decompositions,atomic decompositionsinspired from the properties of blockchain implementations. For our formalism, we use tools from universal algebra and category theory. We present a general decomposition theory and conditions under which money schemes have atomic decompositions. Bill money schemes meet these conditions but account and UTXO schemes do not. Bill schemes enable scalable and secure implementations of CBDC while the more traditional schemes have some issues.
Diverse Sources of Trust: Sense of School Membership, Generalized Social Trust, and the Role of a Diverse School Population
Authors: Rinnooy Kan Willemijn F. , Munniksma Anke , Volman Monique 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigated how schools can contribute to students’ generalized social trust (GST). Positive social experiences with trust and the experience of being part of a fair and predictable social system are important sources of trust. Students’ sense of school membership (SSM) reflects these sources. We investigated the association between three aspects of SSM and GST in 9th grade of Dutch secondary schools (78 schools, 230 classrooms, 5167 students). The diversity of the school population, in terms of track and ethnicity, was included as a moderator. All three aspects of SSM appeared to be positively associated with GST. School ethnic diversity strengthened the association between ‘identification and participation’ and GST but weakened the association between ‘peer acceptance’ and GST. This creates an impetus to support all students to experience a sense of school membership and raises the question how students can profit more from the diversity of the school community.
Multiple sexual partnership among school-going adolescents in Benin: a population-based study of prevalence and predictors
Authors: Gbordzoe Newton Isaac , Obeng Paul , Ogum Mary Aku , Amoadu Mustapha , Sarfo Jacob Owusu , Hagan Jnr. John Elvis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe study investigated the prevalence and determinants of multiple sexual partnerships among school-going adolescents.MethodsA secondary analysis of data from the 2016 Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was conducted to determine the prevalence and determinants of multiple sexual partners among 2496 school-going adolescents aged 13–17 years in Benin.ResultsThe overall prevalence of multiple sexual partnerships was 26.1% among adolescents. After adjusting for other factors, male sex (AOR = 4.80, 95% CI 3.78–6.09), truancy (AOR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.35–2.12), sedentary lifestyle (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.00–1.62), cigarette smoking (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.95–5.07) and alcohol use (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.44–2.20) were significantly associated with the increased odds of engaging in multiple sexual partnerships. However, younger age (AOR = .37, 95% CI 0.25–0.56), lower grade (AOR = .52, 95% CI 0.42–65), and parental monitoring (AOR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.55–0.91) were significantly associated with lower odds of engaging in multiple sexual partnerships.ConclusionsRisky sexual behaviour interventions should focus on adolescents’ personal, school and psychosocial characteristics using multidisciplinary approaches. These approaches will contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 3, target 3.4 of promoting adolescent mental health and well-being, and Goal 4, target 1 of ensuring equitable education toward effective learning outcomes among Beninese school-going adolescents.