bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kilovolt-Class β-Ga2O3 MOSFETs on 1-inch Bulk Substrates
Authors: Peterson Carl , Alema Fikadu , bhattacharyya arkka , ling ziliang , Roy Saurav , Osinsky Andrei , Krishnamoorthy Sriram 
Published: November 2023

<p>We report on the demonstration of <em>β</em>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> MOSFETs fabricated on 1-inch bulk substrates using metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) with disilane (Si<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) as the silicon precursor. Sheet charge uniformity of the as-grown films was measured via Hall and ranged from 5.9 - 6.7 × 10<sup>12</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup> with a uniform Hall mobility of 125-129 cm<sup>2</sup> /V.s across the sample. MOSFET devices with a source-drain width of 5.1 μm were measured across the wafer and had a minimum on-resistance (R<sub>ON</sub>) of 47.87 Ω.mm with a maximum on-current (I<sub>ON</sub>) of 165mA/mm. For these same devices, the on-current (I<sub>ON</sub>) and pinch-off voltage (V<sub>P</sub>) uniformity across the wafer were 137±12 mA/mm and -27.3±7.3 V respectively. Devices showed low reverse leakage current until catastrophic breakdown occurred, with measured breakdown voltages (V<sub>BR</sub>) of up to 2.15 kV. This work provides valuable insights into understanding the growth, fabrication, and characterization processes for <em>β</em>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> FETs on full waferscale substrates. It also projects the promise of developing lateral <em>β</em>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> FETs with high current carrying capabilities and breakdown voltages, especially on substrates of 1 inch or larger. </p>
PEMANTAUAN TUMBUH KEMBANG BALITA PADA MASA COVID 19 DI KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Saraswati Dian 
Published: November 2023

Wabah virus corona menjadi catatan kelam sejak awal tahun 2020. Virus yangpertama kali muncul di Kota Wuhan, China, itu membuat semua orangkhawatir.Virus corona jenis baru, SARS-CoV2, telah menginfeksi lebih dari200.000 orang di 152 negara dalam waktu kurang dari tiga bulan. Beragam pilihan kebijakan pemerintah ditempuh untuk menghadang laju penyebaran, mulai dari penerapan physical distancing, anjuran cuci tangan, jaga jarak hinggaPembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) di berbagai daerah yang terpetakansebagai episentrum penyebaran. Meski demikian, di masa pandemi COVID 19seperti sekarang ini kegiatan di posyandu harus tetap dilakukan, karenapemantuan tumbuh kembang balita tidak boleh berhenti.Pemantauan tumbuhkembang balita adalah usaha memantau pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita.Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita dipantau dengan cara menimbang beratbadan, mengukur tinggi badan, dan mengukur kemampuan fungsi-fungsi individu. Tujuannya mengkaji dan menentukan community diagnosis serta memecahkan masalah pemantauan tumbuh kembang balita di lingkungan tempat tinggal. Jumlah responden 80 ibu balita. Pengambilan data dengan menggunakan teknikÂ systematic random sampling dan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Berdasarkan data yang telah dikumpulkan dari responden, ditarik kesimpulan bahwa ada masalah tumbuh kembang yang perlu dicari solusinya yaitu: masalah ekonomi, gizi kurang, posyandu tutup karena pandemi, pola makan yang kurang baik dan bergizi, tidak ada alat penimbangan di rumah, kurangnya pengetahuan orangtua balita, dan ketelatan perkembangan pada balita. Masalah ini dapat diatasi dengan cara kader melakukan pelayanan posyandu d rumah ke rumah (posyandu keliling).
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DISMENORE PRIMER PADA MAHASISWI UNIVERSITAS SILIWANGI
Authors: Nurfadillah Hasna , Maywati Sri , Aisyah Iseu Siti 
Published: November 2023

Dismenore adalah rasa sakit atau nyeri perut bagian bawah yang dialami oleh wanita sebelum, selama atau sesudah menstruasi. Dismenore terdiri dari dismenore primer dan sekunder. Dismenore primer adalah nyeri menstruasi tanpa adanya kelainan pada alat genital. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian dismenore primer pada mahasiswi Universitas Siliwangi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan desainÂ case-control prolektif. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu 374 mahasiswi yang terdiri dari 187 kasus dan 187 kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknikÂ quota sampling. Hasil uji statistik dengan uji chi square dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara variabel kualitas tidur (p=0,001 dan OR=2,027), paparan asap rokok (p=0,000 dan OR=3,362), konsumsi makanan cepat saji (p=0,000 dan OR=2,695), dan riwayat keluarga (p=0,000 dan OR=5,364) dengan kejadian dismenore primer. Saran agar mahasiswi menerapkan pola hidup sehat dan dapat mengatur waktu dengan baik.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DAN LINGKUNGAN TEMAN SEBAYA DENGAN KESEHATAN MENTAL REMAJA DI SMA NEGERI 2 MAJALENGKA TAHUN 2023
Authors: Maula Yusrina Ni'mal , Lina Nur , Neni Neni 
Published: November 2023

Mental health problems in Indonesia are dominated by teenagers. The results of the 2022 Indonesia-National Adolescent Mental Health Survey (I-NAMHS) state that one in three or 34.9% of adolescents experience mental health problems. Adolescence is one of the factors that have an influence on mental health. The aim to analyze the relationship between parenting style and peer environment with adolescent mental health at SMA Negeri 2 Majalengka in 2023. Methode of the research is cross-sectional methode. The sampling technique usedÂ proportionate stratified random sampling. The population in this study were students of SMA Negeri 2 Majalengka, totaling 863 students. The samples studied were 273 samples. The instruments used were the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the parenting style questionnaire. Data analysis used the Pearson Chi-Square Test. Results: The p-value between parenting style and adolescent mental health is 0.030 0.05. The p-value between peer environment and adolescent mental health is 0.000 0.05. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between parenting style and peer environment and adolescent mental health at SMA Negeri 2 Majalengka in 2023. Suggestion: Counseling can be done for students regarding mental health and peer environment which can be done by the school or doing work together with the Munjul Health Center and can carry out periodic seminars or directions to parents of students regarding the importance of maintaining communication with children, children's mental health, or overall parenting.
Tenofovir amibufenamide vs tenofovir alafenamide for treating chronic hepatitis B: A real-world study
Authors: Peng Wen-Ting , Jiang Chuan , Yang Fei-Lan , Zhou Nian-Qi , Chen Ke-Yu , Liu Jin-Qing , Peng Shi-Fang , Fu Lei 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND
The efficacy and safety profile of tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients is not well-established.
AIM
To compare the efficacy and safety of TMF and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) over a 48-wk period in patients with CHB.
METHODS
A total of 215 subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled and divided into two groups: TMF group (n = 106) and the TAF group (n = 109). The study included a comparison of virological response (VR): Undetectable hepatitis B virus DNA levels, alanine transaminase (ALT) normalization rates, renal function parameters, and blood lipid profiles.
RESULTS
At 24 and 48 wk, VR rates for the TMF group were 53.57% and 78.57%, respectively, compared with 48.31% and 78.65% for the TAF group (P > 0.05). The VR rates were also similar in both groups among patients with low-level viremia, both hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and HBeAg-negative subgroups. The TMF cohort showed ALT normalization and renal safety profiles similar to the TAF group. There was a notable increase in total cholesterol levels in the TAF group (P = 0.045), which was not observed in the TMF group (P > 0.05). In patients with liver cirrhosis, both groups exhibited comparable VR and ALT normalization rates and renal safety profiles. However, the fibrosis 4 score at 48 wk showed a significant reduction in the TAF group as compared to the TMF group within the liver cirrhosis subgroup.
CONCLUSION
Our study found TMF is as effective as TAF in treating CHB and has a comparable safety profile. However, TAF may be associated with worsening lipid profiles.
Biópsia De Próstata Guiada Por Ultrassonografia De Fusão: Experiência De Uma Clínica Particular Da Cidade De Bragança Paulista
Authors: Rodrigues Douglas de Padua , Castro Marcos Antônio Santana De 
Published: November 2023

Introdução: Na última década, a introdução da ressonância magnética multiparamétrica (mpMRI) e da mpMRI direcionada por ultrassonografia de fusão (TBx) gerou grandes expectativas sobre a via diagnóstica do câncer de próstata. Esse método também tem melhor sensibilidade para localizar e detectar tumores clinicamente significativos, e é utilizado para direcionar biópsias especificamente para áreas suspeitas.
Objetivo: Por meio de um estudo observacional, avaliar a experiência de uma clínica particular na realização de biópsias de próstata guiadas por TBx.
Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, retrospectivo, que utilizou informações de prontuários já arquivados no Instituto de Urologia Bragança, localizado na cidade de Bragança Paulista – SP, de pacientes atendidos no período de setembro de 2021 a março de 2023, e que realizaram biópsias de próstata guiadas por TBx. Resultados: No presente estudo observou-se que a média de idade dos pacientes foi de aproximadamente 66 anos, com PSA médio de 7,70 ng/mL. Dentre os pacientes avaliados, cerca de um terço apresentava risco aumentado de câncer de próstata com base nos valores da relação entre o PSA livre e o PSA total. A classificação PIRADS mais prevalente na amostra estudada foi a 4, e dentre os pacientes com classificação PIRADS 3, que não seriam naturalmente indicados para biópsia, identificou-se PSAd maior do que 0,15 em pouco mais de um terço deles, sugerindo que os mesmos também deveriam ser submetidos ao exame. A maioria dos pacientes avaliados em nossa amostra apresentou resultado negativo com base na escala de Gleason. Dentre os positivos, a mais prevalente foi a 3+4.
Conclusão: Este estudo avaliou a experiência do nosso Serviço na realização da ultrassonografia por fusão, descrevendo o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes e apontando aqueles que efetivamente necessitaram de biopsia prostática para pesquisa de câncer. Como principal resultado, foi possível identificar a superioridade da biópsia por fusão quando comparada à biópsia randomizada. Sugere-se que levantamentos semelhantes sejam realizados em várias regiões do Brasil com vistas e verificar se o fenômeno pontualmente observado em nossa região poderá se repetir em escala nacional.
Twenty-First-Century Avengers: Exploration of War, Globalization, and Identity Politics
Authors: Acosta Bustamante Leonor 
Published: November 2023

The economic and cultural impact of the four films forming the saga of The Avengers from 2012 to 2019 stands for the impressive accumulation of superhero fiction in the 21st century, with a remarkable resituation of the topic of war conflict into the popular imagination quite affected by the traumatic beginning of the era in the New York scenario on 9/11. This article intends to analyze the different plot elements in The Avengers (2012), The Avengers. Age of Ultron (2015), The Avengers. Infinity War (2018), and The Avengers. Endgame (2019) to find clues to explain how the Marvel Cinematic Universe accomplishes a complex exploration of the nature of war, and how the films offer new ways of deconstructing simplistic Manichean polarization between good vs. evil. With this objective in mind, the study pays attention to how this deconstruction also needs to concentrate on the decomposition of stereotypes related to identity politics.
The breadth of animacy in memory: New evidence from prospective memory
Authors: Félix Sara B. , Poirier Marie , Nairne James S. , Pandeirada Josefa N. S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStudies using retrospective memory tasks have revealed that animates/living beings are better remembered than are inanimates/nonliving things (the animacy effect). However, considering that memory is foremost future oriented, we hypothesized that the animacy effect would also occur in prospective memory (i.e., memory for future intentions). Using standard prospective memory (PM) procedures, we explored this hypothesis by manipulating the animacy status of the PM targets. Study 1a reports data collected from an American sample; these results were then replicated with a Portuguese sample (Study 1b). Study 2 employed a new procedure, and data were collected from a broader English-speaking sample. In these three studies, animate (vs. inanimate) targets consistently led to a better PM performance, revealing, for the first time, that the animacy advantage extends to PM. These results strengthen the adaptive approach to memory and stress the need to consider animacy as an important variable in memory studies.
Adoption of Post-Harvest Handling Practices by Ginger Farmers in Palpa District, Nepal
Authors: Poudel Chhetri Bidhya , K.C. Suraj , Ghimire Sudip 
Published: November 2023

Ginger has the potential for export and increased income for farmers in Nepal. Proper post-harvest handling practices has led to low market prices and significant post-harvest losses of ginger. The study was conducted in Palpa district to examine the post-harvest practices and technology adoption among ginger farmers. Data from 66 farmers in Bagnashkali, Purbakhola, Nisdi, and Rampur municipalities was collected through interviews, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Descriptive analysis was performed using MS Excel and SPSS. Results showed that 72.7% of farmers practiced storage, with Bhakari (60.41%) and Pit (39.59%) being the common storage types. Storage molds affected 72.2% of respondents, while 28.8% reported wrinkling during storage. Washing was practiced by only 7.6% of farmers. Manual grading was reported by all respondents, with no commercial grading observed. Black sutho production was carried out by 65.2% of farmers. Value addition activities such as sorting were practiced by 65% of respondents, while 25% engaged in transportation and packaging. Respondents' awareness of ginger post-harvest practices varied, with 75.76% having low awareness, 16.66% medium awareness, and 7.58% high awareness. Farmers' general precautions during harvesting, such as avoiding rhizome injury and minimal trimming and sorting, were not accompanied by specific precautionary practices, contributing to their challenges. The findings emphasize the importance of adopting modern post-harvest practices to increase production, improve product quality, and command higher market prices. Implementing these measures will enable ginger farmers in Palpa district to enhance their income and contribute to the growth of the ginger industry in Nepal.
Association Of Electroencephalogram Patterns With Ammonia Levels In Hepatic Encephalopathy Patients
Authors: Fatima Anam , Shah Faridullah , Khan Hareema Saeed , Rauf Kashif , Jalil Asif , Akhter Muhammad Saleem 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To find out the association between electroencephalogram (EEG) and hepatic encephalopathy.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 100 patients (with the age of52.5±6.09years for males and 51.7 ± 6.10 years for females) of reported hepatic encephalopathy, visiting the medical department (indoor and OPD) at Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad. The study was conducted from January 2020 to May 2021. Patients who had known epileptic and structural brain lesions or strokes were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad Prism software. The significance of data (p-value or R2 value) was calculated through a two-tailed test or correlation coefficient.
Results: All the patients in hepatic encephalopathy grade IV reported abnormal EEG representing triphasic waves and flattening of EEG pattern. There was no correlation observed between age, gender and hepatic encephalopathy grades. However, a significant correlation (R2= 0.9032) was observed between serum ammonia levels and hepatic encephalopathy grades. Elevated serum ammonia levels depicted the severity of hepatic encephalopathy. Overall, the percentage of patients with abnormal EEG increased with increasing grade of hepatic encephalopathy. It was quite intriguing to note that EEG, being the common method to diagnose hepatic encephalopathy grades, is not dependent on patients’ socio-economic status.
Conclusion: Data concluded that serum ammonia levels are well associated with the progression of hepatic encephalopathy. Moreover, the EEG patter provides the appropriate information about the neurological abnormalities associated with the severity of hepatic encephalopathy. Hence, serum ammonia levels and EEG both should accurately be used as indicators for diagnosis and monitoring the response to the treatment of various grades of hepatic encephalopathy. Data warrant further investigations to get a better insight into hepatic encephalopathy's relationship with EEG patterns through the inclusion of molecular parameters.
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism And Dyslipidemia In Elderly Patients Of Calcific Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Afaq Erum , Nisar Muhammad Kashif , Khan Asif Iqbal , Shafiq Mamoona , Yousufzai Muhammad Irfan ul Akbar , Khan Saeed 
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the Apo E polymorphisms on plasma lipid profile and to identify the polymorphism of the apo-E gene as genetic predictor of calcific AS in Pakistani population.

Methodology: This was a case control study conducted in Dow University of Health Sciences and National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Karachi. It included total of 100 individuals, 50 echocardiographically identified calcific AS cases and 50 age and gender matched controls. Apo E allele frequencies were computed, lipid profiles were estimated and Apo E gene polymorphism was identified by the techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

Result: Apo E 2, 3, and 4 allele frequencies were 16%, 52%, and 32% in calcific AS cases, and
10%, 52%, 28% in controls respectively (p=0.622). Out of 50 cases, 18% presented with mild AS, 22% moderate AS and 60% lied in severe calcific AS. It was observed that levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were higher in Apo E4 allele as compared to other genes in both cases and control.

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that Apo E4 allele of Apo E gene is an impotent risk factors for dyslipidemia while Apo E4 allele is not associated with calcific AS contemplates distinctive genetic backgrounds of CAD and AS.
Efficacy Of Cyproterone Acetate And Drosperinone Containing Cocps In Treatment Of Hirsutism In Patients With PCOS
Authors: Sarfraz Nazish , Akram Humera , Abbas Afroza , Shaheen Sadaf , Zafar Rida , Eesha Yaqoob  
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Hirsutism is a condition characterized by excess hair growth on the face, chest, and/or back in women and it is often caused by an imbalance of hormones, such as androgens. OCPs prove to be effective in reducing hirsutism in patients with PCOS by inhibiting the production of androgens and decreasing the activity of androgen receptors. OCPs may have additional benefits for patients with PCOS, such as regulating menstrual cycles, improving fertility, and reducing the risk of endometrial cancer. However, OCPs may not be suitable for all women with PCOS.
Methods: The study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of these OCPs in reducing hirsutism in PCOS patients. In the study, 80 participants were included, 40 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group. The intervention group received a combination oral contraceptive pill containing cyproterone acetate and drosperinone (COCP) for a period of 6 months, while the control group received a placebo. Hirsutism was assessed at baseline and at the end of the 6-month treatment period using the Ferriman-Gallwey score. The primary outcome measure was the change in Ferriman-Gallwey score from baseline to the end of the treatment period.
Results: The study found that OCPs containing cyproterone acetate and drosperinone were more effective in reducing hirsutism in patients with PCOS compared to OCPs containing levonorgestrel.
Conclusion: It is important to note that OCPs may not be appropriate for all women with PCOS, therefore it's crucial to explore the risks and advantages with a healthcare professional before beginning therapy.
The Validity Of 75gms OGTT For Detection Of GDM Keeping 100gms OGTT As Gold Standard
Authors: Mehreen Shazia , Usman Muhammad , Rauf Kashif , Naz Saima , Sultan Muhammad Abdul Rab Faisal , Randhawa Muhammad Akram 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the validity of 75gms (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) OGTT for the detection of GDM keeping 100gms OGTT as the gold standard. Methodology: This was a Cross-sectional validation study done at the Mother and Child Health Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. The duration of the study was Six months from the approval of the synopsis. Data was collected from March 2019 to September 2019. Informed consent for participating in the study was taken from all 205 patients. The patients' bio data along with the hospital registration number was entered pro forma. The patients were assessed initially by History taking and examination. All pregnant women underwent a 75g oral glucose test in the 2nd trimester at 24-28 weeks of gestation. For this, the patients were sent to the MCH laboratory with overnight fasting where FBS was taken and they were given a 75 g glucose drink. Their blood sample was taken at 1-hour and 2-hour interval. Two or more elevated values out of the 3 blood samples were sufficient to diagnose GDM. Laboratory reports were reviewed and data was entered in the performa (attached) by the researcher. All the diagnosed patients were further evaluated for a 100g OGTT dose at the MCH laboratory with overnight fasting. Their FBS was studied and women were given a 100 g glucose drink and blood samples were drawn at an interval of 1, 2 and 3 hours respectively. Out of the 4 blood samples, two or more elevated values were sufficient to diagnose GDM. Lab reports were entered in the Performa. Results: From a total of 205 patients, the sensitivity and specificity of OGTT-75 g for diagnosing GDM were 83.02% and 82.83%. However, positive predictive and negative predictive value for OGTT-75 g was 83.81% and 82% respectively. However, the overall diagnostic accuracy of OGTT-75 g was 82.93%. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that 75 gms OGTT is highly sensitive (83.02%) and specific (82.83%) for the detection/diagnosis of gestational DM. Advanced screening and diagnosis of gestational DM, and its effective treatment not only inhibit adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes but also save the lives of both child and mother from diabetes in future.