bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How issues get framed and reframed when different communities meet: a multi‐level analysis of a collaborative soil conservation initiative in the Ecuadorian Andes
Authors: Dewulf Art , Craps Marc , Dercon Gerd 
Published: May 2004

AbstractDrawing on qualitative data from a longitudinal case study of a collaborative soil conservation initiative in southern Ecuador, we study how multiple actors, including university experts, development organizations and local communities, make sense of the issues from different perspectives through the process of issue framing. Starting from an analysis of the actors' usual issue frames, we point out their differences in selecting aspects, connecting them and drawing boundaries around the issues. Bringing in the time dimension leads us to consider how changing patterns of actor involvement and evolving frame configurations mutually influence each other. In a third step, we zoom in on the here‐and‐now level of ongoing interaction using discourse analysis, outlining an interactive, communicative and discursive approach to dealing with differences in issue framing. We identify various ways of dealing with these differences and argue that approaching them constructively by tuning the different frames into a mutually acceptable configuration is an important challenge for any attempt at integrated management of natural resources. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strong opposition: frame‐based resistance to collaboration
Authors: Gray Barbara 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWhile many studies of collaboration have relied on processual factors to explain outcomes of conflicts among the stakeholders, the failure of collaboration can also be explained by the divergence of stakeholders' frames about the issues. Research on environmental conflicts has shown that the ways in which the stakeholders frame the issues and the conflict itself explain collaborative success or failure. When stakeholders' frames about the issues, the process of their interaction, and about each other are vastly different, collaboration to find an agreeable solution becomes exceedingly difficult. In this article I present a case study of a protracted conflict over Voyageurs National Park in northern Minnesota (USA) to show how frames impeded the stakeholders from finding a collaborative solution to the conflict despite an 18‐month mediation effort. How the stakeholders construed their own identities in the conflict, how they constructed the problems or opportunities that linked them, as well as the frames they held about how the conflict should be resolved, all worked to prevent collaboration. Consequently, stakeholders' frames and processes for promoting reframing are critical to understanding how collaborative partnerships evolve and whether they will eventually succeed or fail. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Processes of social learning in integrated resources management
Authors: Pahl‐Wostl Claudia , Hare Matt 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn recent years the human dimension and governance issues have gained more and more in importance in the management of natural resources. One important aspect is to understand the processes of social learning that precede any collective decision‐making.The HarmoniCOP project developed a framework for social learning for resources management that can be interpreted as combining content management as well as social involvement processes to achieve both technical and relational outcomes.Social learning was taken into account in a new approach called participatory agent based social simulation. Participatory agent based social simulation deviates in a number of ways from conventional modelling. The actors themselves whose behaviour is represented in the model and who are supposed to later use the models for decision‐making and strategic planning, participate and contribute to the modelling process. Models serve as tools of communication in processes of social learning.This article reports on a Swiss case study which dealt with the development of new management strategies for urban water management. It will provide examples of how different techniques can be used to establish a process of social learning within a long‐term participatory management project using participatory agent‐based social simulation. Social learning is highlighted as important for management regimes that require changes in social practices, roles and responsibilities. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Paradox of participation: giving or taking part?
Authors: Quaghebeur Kerlijn , Masschelein Jan , Nguyen Hoai Huong 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn this article we address our experiences with a so‐called participatory approach in a Vietnamese‐Belgian water management project. This project aimed, in its social science component, at stimulating and studying processes of reflexive social learning and of participation and negotiation on local water management issues and on project activities. In this article we intend to show how specific project‐related strategies and attempts towards facilitating participation fail and how other initiatives seem to succeed or at least to elicit valuable processes of negotiation and learning. We start from the commonly held view on participation as committed to reverse or subvert power relations. However, our research experiences indicate that participation is always part of an operation of power, governing people to behave themselves in a particular determined way. From this Foucauldian governmental perspective, we are able to reconsider the success and failure of participatory approaches, not so much in terms of the effectiveness of their application, but rather in terms of the possibility to refuse ‘participatory’ government. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐party collaboration as social learning for interdependence: developing relational knowing for sustainable natural resource management
Authors: Bouwen René , Taillieu Tharsi 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis article develops a conceptual framework to theorize about and to intervene in multi‐party collaboration projects related to natural resource issues. It is a recent trend in public and private interorganizational policy that multiple actors get involved to collaborate around issues of water and soil management, nature preservation, land use, farming practices, introduction of new technologies in life sciences and related problem domains. Awareness grows that blue print planning‐ implementation approaches are no longer sufficient to obtain viable and sustainable outcomes. The technical complexity and social embeddedness of these issues, require the collaboration of public authorities, private business, scientific experts, groups of users and social interest groups, non‐governmental organizations and representatives of stakeholders in the particular ecological domain. The central concern is always an interdependent involvement of the stakeholders, the development of a shared problem definition, the coordination of the different actions on all levels and the orientation towards a shared common script and action strategy. Social psychology and particularly organizational psychology, building on theories of interorganizational collaboration and social and organizational development, are challenged to make a contribution here. The different stakeholders engage in joint practices where the acknowledgement and the development of viable interdependencies are at stake. Learning about those interdependencies is considered in this article as the critical constitutive process and form of these multi‐party projects. Through sharing problem perspectives and working with different kinds of knowledge and competencies, multiple actors or stakeholder parties co‐construct a social learning process in an emerging community of practice. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consensus conference on genetic testing: citizenship and technology
Authors: Vandenabeele Joke , Goorden Lieve 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWhat is the process to be facilitated when citizens get the opportunity to make their voices heard in the debate on biotechnology? We observed the challenges citizens take up when participating in a ‘Consensus Conference’ on Genetic Testing and analysed the ambivalences of the learning process. Facilitators, not only should guide the interaction process, but also should support the substance of the process, that is an interaction between personal stories of citizens, the questions that spring from it and the knowledge of experts. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of the caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on erythrocyte membrane damage after hind limb ischaemia–reperfusion
Authors: Tamer Lülüfer , Sucu Nehir , Ercan Bahadır , Ünlü Ali , Çalıkoğlu Mukadder , Bilgin Ramazan , Değirmenci Ulaş , Atik Uğur 
Published: May 2004

AbstractReactive oxygen species have been implicated in pathogenesis injury after ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R). Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE), an active component of honeybee propolis extract, exhibits antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CAPE on erythrocyte membrane damage after hind limb I/R. Rats were divided into two groups: I/R and I/R with CAPE pre‐treatment. They were anaesthetized with intramuscular ketamine 100 mg kg−1. A 4‐h I/R period was performed on the right hind limb of all animals. In the CAPE‐treated group, animals received CAPE 10 μm by intraperitoneal injection 1 h before the reperfusion. At the end of the reperfusion period, a midsternotomy was performed. A 5‐ml blood sample was withdrawn from the ascending aorta for biochemical assays. Serum and erythrocyte membrane MDA levels were significantly lower in the CAPE‐treated group when compared to the I/R group ( p = 0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Erythrocyte membrane Na+‐K+ ATPases activity in the CAPE‐treated group was significantly higher than the I/R group ( p<0.001). In conclusion, CAPE seems to be effective in protecting against oxidative stress. Therefore, we suggest that in order to decrease I/R injury, pre‐administration of CAPE may be a promising agent for a variety of conditions associated with I/R. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First‐order perturbation analysis of the best rank‐(R1, R2, R3) approximation in multilinear algebra
Authors: De Lathauwer Lieven 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn this paper we perform a first‐order perturbation analysis of the least squares approximation of a given higher‐order tensor by a tensor having prespecified n‐mode ranks. This work generalizes the classical first‐order perturbation analysis of the matrix singular value decomposition. We will show that there are important differences between the matrix and the higher‐order tensor case. We subsequently address (1) the best rank‐1 approximation of supersymmetric tensors, (2) the best rank‐(R1, R2, R3) approximation of arbitrary tensors and (3) the best rank‐(R1, R2, R3) approximation of arbitrary tensors. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Partial uniqueness in CANDECOMP/PARAFAC
Authors: ten Berge Jos M. F. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA key property of CANDECOMP/PARAFAC is the essential uniqueness it displays under certain conditions. It has been known for a long time that, when these conditions are not met, partial uniqueness may remain. Whereas considerable progress has been made in the study of conditions for uniqueness, the study of partial uniqueness has lagged behind. The only well known cases are those of overfactoring, when more components are extracted than are required for perfect fit, and those cases where the data do not have enough system variation, resulting in proportional components for one or more modes. The present paper deals with partial uniqueness in cases where the smallest number of components is extracted that yield perfect fit. For the case of K×K×2 arrays of rank K, randomly sampled from a continuous distribution, it is shown that partial uniqueness, with some components unique and others differing between solutions, arises with probability zero. Also, a closed‐form CANDECOMP/PARAFAC solution is derived for 5×3×3 arrays when these happen to have rank 5. In such cases, any two different solutions share four of the five components. This phenomenon will be traced back to a sixth degree polynomial having six real roots, any five of which can be picked to construct a solution. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Weak Hydrogen Bridges: A Systematic Theoretical Study on the Nature and Strength of CH⋅⋅⋅FC Interactions
Authors: Hyla‐Kryspin Isabella , Haufe Günter , Grimme Stefan 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe present a comparative study on the nature and strength of weak hydrogen bonding between the C(sp3)H , C(sp2)H, and C(sp)H donor bonds and FC(sp3) acceptors. The series of molecules CH3F⋅CH4(2 a,2 b), CH3F⋅C2H4(3), CH3F⋅C2H2(4), as well as model complexes of experimentally characterized 2‐fluoro‐2‐phenylcyclopropane derivatives, C3H6⋅C3H5F (5 a,5 b) and C3H5F⋅C3H5F (6) were investigated. Comparative studies were also performed for two conformers of the methane dimer (1 a,1 b). The calculations were carried out in hierarchies of basis sets [SV(d,p), TZV(d,p), aug‐TZV(d,p), TZV(2df,2pd), aug‐TZV(2df,2pd), QZV(3d2fg,2pd), aug‐QZV(3d2fg,2pdf)] by means of ab initio [HF, MP2, QCISD, QCISD(T)] methods and density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP, DFT/PBE). It is shown that well‐balanced basis sets of at least TZV(2df,2pd) quality are needed for a proper description of the weakly bonded systems. In the case of2,3,5, and6, the dispersion interaction is the dominant term of the entire attraction, which is not accounted for at the B3LYP level. Significant electrostatic contributions are observed for6and3. For4, these forces have a dominating contribution to the hydrogen bonding. The C(sp)H⋅⋅⋅FC(sp3) interaction in4, though weak, exhibits the same characteristics as conventional hydrogen bridges. Despite showing longer H⋅⋅⋅F/H contacts compared to1 a,2 a, and5 athe bifurcated structures,1 b,2 b,5 b, are characterized by larger dispersion interactions leading to stronger bonding. For the systems with only one H⋅⋅⋅F contact, the MP2/QZV(3d2fg,2pd) interaction energy increases in the order2 a(−1.62 kJ mol−1),3(−2.79 kJ mol−1),5 a(−5.97 kJ mol−1),4(−7.25 kJ mol−1), and6(−10.02 kJ mol−1). This contradicts the estimated proton donor ability of the CH bonds (2 a<5 a<3<6<4).
Increasing the dosage of vincristine
Authors: Kellie Stewart J. , Koopmans Pauline , Earl John , Nath Christa , Roebuck Derek , Uges Donald R. A. , de Graaf Siebold S. N. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDVincristine (VCR) is widely used to treat patients with malignant disease; among the patients treated with VCR are children with brain tumors. In vitro studies have demonstrated that the cytotoxic activity of VCR is related to both extracellular concentration and duration of exposure. The attainment of higher plasma concentrations by injecting larger bolus doses of VCR has been limited by concerns about neurotoxicity. One possible alternative strategy for enhancing the antitumor efficacy of VCR involves prolonging the duration of in vivo exposure. Therefore, the authors explored the neurotoxicity and pharmacokinetics of VCR administered via a 96‐hour continuous infusion after administration of a conventional bolus dose in a pediatric population.METHODSThe current study included 16 patients, 11 of whom were males. The median age of the study population was 4.8 years (range, 1.7–15.8 years). The diagnoses included intrinsic pontine glioma (n = 4), ependymoma (n = 5), astrocytoma (n = 3), medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET; n = 2), ganglioglioma (n = 1), and choroid plexus carcinoma (n = 1). Of the 16 patients, 5 were newly diagnosed, and the remaining 11 had disease recurrences, 8 of which arose after radiotherapy. Treatment included cyclophosphamide 65 mg/kg administered intravenously over 1 hour on Day 1, a bolus of VCR 1.5 mg/m2 administered intravenously on Day 2, and VCR 0.5 mg/m2 per 24 hours administered via continuous intravenous infusion on Days 2–5. Thus, a total VCR dose of 3.5 mg/m2 was administered via infusion over 4 days. Fifteen patients received 2 courses of treatment at 21–28‐day intervals, and a total of 31 treatment courses were administered. VCR concentrations in plasma samples were measured using high‐performance liquid chromatography.RESULTSJaw pain, constipation, mild abdominal pain, and depressed reflexes were common. However, only 1 of 31 courses was associated with Grade III toxicity, and no Grade IV toxicity (e.g., cranial nerve palsy, ileus, inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, seizures, hallucinations, etc.) was noted. The steady‐state plasma concentration of VCR during continuous infusion ranged from 1 to 3 μg/L in all patients. Responses after 2 courses were evaluated in 14 of 16 patients. A complete response was noted in one patient (astrocytoma), a partial response in three patients (one each with astrocytoma, ependymoma, and PNET), stable disease in seven patients, and disease progression in three patients.CONCLUSIONSContinuous infusion of VCR after a conventional bolus dose plus cyclophosphamide for children with tumors of the central nervous system did not result in significant neurotoxicity and appeared to be a safe strategy for achieving increased systemic exposure. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (filgrastim) may overcome imatinib‐induced neutropenia in patients with chronic‐phase chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Quintas‐Cardama Alfonso , Kantarjian Hagop , O'Brien Susan , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Rios Mary B. , Talpaz Moshe , Cortes Jorge 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDImatinib mesylate administration has become standard treatment for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Although the safety profile of imatinib is favorable, Grade ≥ 3 neutropenia (according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria) occurs in 35–45% of patients with CML in chronic phase who receive standard‐dose imatinib. Myelosuppression results in treatment interruptions, which may compromise responses to imatinib. The authors investigated the ability of granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (filgrastim) to reverse imatinib‐associated neutropenia, thereby allowing for more continuous imatinib administration.METHODSThirteen patients with chronic‐phase CML and Grade ≥ 3, imatinib‐induced neutropenia were treated with filgrastim. Treatment with filgrastim was initiated after a median of 22 months from the start of imatinib. Eleven patients received filgrastim 5 μg/kg 1–3 times weekly, and 2 patients received filgrastim 5 μg/kg daily; doses were titrated to maintain an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 109/L.RESULTSSeven of 11 patients (64%) who began treatment with an ANC < 1.5 × 109/L had responses (i.e., their ANC improved to ≥ 2 × 109/L within 21 days); the other 4 patients experienced slower recovery but were able to continue receiving imatinib uninterrupted. Before filgrastim administration was initiated, patients did not receive imatinib (due to neutropenia‐related treatment interruptions) for an average of 21% of the total time since the start of imatinib. This figure decreased to 6% after the start of filgrastim treatment (P = 0.0008). Before filgrastim treatment was initiated, only one patient had achieved a major (partial) cytogenetic response. After the start of filgrastim treatment, five patients had major cytogenetic responses (including two complete responses).CONCLUSIONSThe authors concluded that filgrastim may overcome imatinib‐associated neutropenia and allow improved delivery of imatinib. Some patients may experience improvements in their responses to therapy as a result. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
DNA‐methylation analysis identifies the E‐cadherin gene as a potential marker of disease progression in patients with monoclonal gammopathies
Authors: Seidl Sonja , Ackermann Jutta , Kaufmann Hannes , Keck Andrea , Nösslinger Thomas , Zielinski Christoph C. , Drach Johannes , Zöchbauer‐Müller Sabine 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDSilencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) by aberrant methylation (referred to as methylation) contributes to the pathogenesis of various human malignancies. However, little is known about the methylation of known and putative TSGs in monoclonal gammopathies. Thus, the authors investigated the methylation frequencies of 10 genes in patients with monoclonal gammopathies.METHODSThe methylation patterns of the genes p16INK4a (p16), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3), p15INK4b (p15), E‐cadherin (ECAD), death‐associated protein kinase (DAPK), p73, RAS‐association domain family 1A (RASSF1A), p14, O6‐methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), and retinoid acid receptor β2 (RARβ) were determined in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS; n = 29), smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM; n = 5), multiple myeloma (MM; n = 113), or plasma cell leukemia (PCL; n = 7) by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction analysis.RESULTSMethylation frequencies for p16, TIMP3, p15, ECAD, DAPK, p73, RASSF1A, p14, MGMT, and RARβ were as follows: 28%, 35%, 10%, 0%, 17%, 21%, 14%, 14%, 7%, and 0%, respectively, in patients with MGUS and 36%, 29%, 27%, 27%, 22%, 15%, 15%, 9%, 4%, and 0%, respectively, in patients with MM. Methylation of at least 1 of these genes was detected in 79% of patients with MGUS and in 80% of patients with MM. Although methylation of ECAD was not detected in patients with MGUS, it was observed frequently in patients with MM and with even greater frequency in patients with PCL. It is noteworthy that an association was found between ECAD methylation and poor prognostic markers in patients with MM.CONCLUSIONSMethylation of certain genes can be detected frequently in patients with monoclonal gammopathies. The current data suggest that methylation of ECAD is a marker of disease progression in patients with MM and PCL. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.