bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood Sample Collection in Randomized Controlled Trials for Biomarker Discovery and Validation: Experience of the PREOPANC-2 Trial
Authors: Dekker Esther N. , Janssen Quisette P. , van Dam Jacob L. , Strijk Gaby J. , Verkolf Eva M. M. , Kandala Sridhar , Dumas Jasper , Fellah Amine , O’Reilly Eileen M. , Besselink Marc G. , van Eijck Casper H. J. , Homs Marjolein Y. V. , van Tienhoven Geert-Jan , Wilmink Johanna W. , Mustafa Dana A. M. , Groot Koerkamp Bas ,   for the Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group, Beerepoot L. V. , van Bekkum M. L. , Bonsing B. A. , Bos H. , Bosscha K. P. , Bouwense S. A. , Brouwer-Hol L. , Bruynzeel A. M. E. , Busch O. R. , Cirkel G. , Coene P. P. L. O. , de Groot J. W. B. , Haberkorn B. C. M. , de Hingh I. H. J. T. , Karsten T. M. , Kazemier G. , van der Kolk M. B. , Liem M. S. L. , Loosveld O. J. L. , Luelmo S. A. C. , Luyer C. M. , Mieog J. S. D. , Nieuwenhuijs V. B. , Nuyttens J. J. M. E. , ten Oever D. , Patijn G. A. , van Santvoort H. C. , Stommel M. W. J. , Streppel M. M. , ten Tije A. , Versteijne E. , de Vos - Geelen J. , de Wilde R. F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and yield of blood sample collection in an investigator-initiated nationwide randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Methods
In the PREOPANC-2 trial, 375 patients with (borderline) resectable pancreatic cancer were randomly assigned to two neoadjuvant regiments in 19 centers in the Netherlands (2018–2021). Blood sample collection was scheduled at seven time points before, during, and after treatment. The primary outcome was the proportion of successfully collected blood samples at each scheduled time point.

Results
Of the 375 randomized patients, 12 were excluded from blood sample collection before any treatment. From the remaining 363 patients, 1513 (87 %) of 1748 blood samples were collected, processed, mailed, and centrally stored. The blood samples were collected before treatment from 347 (96 %) of the 363 patients, after the first neoadjuvant cycle from 322 (94 %) of 343 patients, after neoadjuvant treatment (i.e., before surgery) from 260 (83 %) of 313 patients, and after surgery from 210 (77 %) of 271 patients. During the follow-up visits, blood samples were collected from 147 (82 %) of 179 patients 12 months after randomization and from 83 (77 %) of 108 patients after 24 months. A total of 220 samples (13 %) were missing. The most common causes for missing blood samples were scheduling oversights, unsuccessful blood draw attempts, and mailing failures (151 times, 69 %). Blood sample collection was canceled 69 times (31 %) due to COVID-19.

Conclusion
Blood sample collection in the PREOPANC-2 trial had a yield of 96 % before treatment and an overall yield of 87 %. Collection of blood samples for biomarker studies is feasible in a nationwide RCT.
Knee Ligament Moment Arms Scale with Epicondylar Width and might Contribute to Ligament Injuries in Females
Authors: Rooks Nynke B. , Schneider Marco T. Y. , Besier Thor F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Females are prone to knee ligament injuries compared to males. Moment arms describe the mechanical advantage of ligaments to stabilise the knee from injurious moments. Compared to males of the same stature, females have a smaller femoral epicondylar width, which we hypothesised would reduce their knee joint ligament moment arms in the frontal plane.

Methods
To calculate varus-valgus ligament moment arms, we created 26 patient-specific finite element models (17F; 9 M) and simulated an axial load of half body weight. Tibial cartilage contact pressures were obtained and used to define the medial and lateral peak contact pressure, which were assumed to be the point of rotation in the frontal plane. The varus and valgus moment arms of the anterior cruciate (ACL) and the medial (MCL) and lateral collateral ligaments (LCL) were calculated as the perpendicular distance between the point of peak contact pressure and the centroid of each ligament. Multiple linear regression models with sex, height, and epicondylar width as independent variables were produced.

Results
Females had smaller varus-valgus ligament moment arms compared to males, with a mean difference of 7 to 9 mm observed by the MCL and LCL about the lateral and medial contact points, respectively (~12% smaller, p < 0.001). The female cohort exhibited ACL moment arms about the medial and lateral contact points that were ~ 4 mm less than the male cohort (p < 0.05). Correlations between varus-valgus ligament moment arm and epicondylar width were found for all three ligaments using either the medial or lateral points of peak contact pressure.

Conclusions
These findings support our hypothesis that females have smaller varus-valgus ligament moment arms compared to males, which could contribute to the higher rate of female ligament injuries compared to males.
CURRENT STATE AND FACTORS DETERMINING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF MEAT ENTERPRISES INDUSTRY OF THE REPUBLIC OF TUVA
Authors: Chernyakova Maria M. , Tabaev Mikhail V. 
Published: February 2025

The article presents an analysis and assessment of the Republic of Tyva as one of the largest producers of meat and meat products in Russia. The Republic has regional characteristics that are associated with climatic, environmental features, as well as economic and political factors. Recently, in Russia there has been an increase in the consumption of meat industry products, while this figure lags significantly behind developed countries: 120 kg/person in the USA, 80 kg/person in the EU, 63 kg/person in Russia. In recent years, there has been a positive trend in terms of import substitution of meat and meat products, however, a high share of imports still remains, exceeding the threshold level of food security. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the development of industrial production, as well as increasing the competitiveness of meat industry enterprises, especially at the regional level. The article examines the current state of the meat industry in the Republic and the factors that determine its competitiveness.
Purpose: to conduct a study of the current state and identify factors that determine the competitiveness of meat industry enterprises in the Republic of Tyva.
Methods: analytical methods were used in the research process.
Results. The results of the study show that in order to develop and increase the competitiveness of meat industry enterprises in the Republic of Tyva, it is necessary to introduce effective management methods at enterprises, introduce modern innovative equipment and technologies, as well as provide government support.
Scope of results. The article offers a number of recommendations for managers of meat industry enterprises in the republic who want to improve the performance of their enterprises and increase competitiveness, which includes investing in sustainable initiatives, establishing clear goals and objectives and using modern digital solutions, interacting with regional executive authorities.
FEATURES OF GOAL-SETTING OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS
Authors: Melyukhin Anton N. 
Published: February 2025

The public-private partnership mechanism brings together different organizations in the process of project implementation, the initial goals of which may not coincide, which reduces the possibility of achieving the maximum value of the project. Therefore, the strategic context of agreeing on the common goal of the partnership between the public and private sectors is fundamental to its viability. In this article, the authors describe the process of goal-setting for PPP projects and present a model for setting goals and negotiations in PPP projects. Authors consider that the agreement on a common goal should be achieved in the process of negotiations between the participants, taking into account the interests of each party and ensuring the necessary combination of private and public interests to justify the performance indicators of PPP.
Purpose. Determine the optimal mechanism for coordinating the interests of the parties participating in public-private partnership projects in the process of setting a common goal for the project.
Materials and methods. The results of the analysis of the works of both domestic and foreign scientists, specialists in the field of development and implementation of public-private partnership projects are used as the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. In the process of conducting the study, general and special methods of scientific knowledge were used, including a systems approach, grouping and classification.
Results. The article presents a general mechanism and principles of goal-setting in the development of public-private partnership projects, the use of which contributes to the achievement of key project indicators and the implementation of the interests of all parties involved in it. The independent variables described in the work, influencing goal setting and negotiations in PPP projects, provide the basis for making decisions on financing PPP projects.
Practical implications. The main results of the study may be of interest to both theoretical scientists and practitioners involved in the development and implementation of public-private partnership projects, as well as assessing their effectiveness.
MARKETING TRENDS IN THE DATA ECONOMY (2024–2025)
Authors: Koshevenko Svetlana V. 
Published: February 2025

Marketing development trends depend on many factors: the level of digitalization and digital transformation of the economy, the development of social networks and digital platforms, mobile marketing and the willingness of companies to implement innovations. To maintain competitiveness, companies must follow trends: be aware of changes in the market, monitor scientific discoveries and new technologies. Trends allow not only to make more profit, but also to improve customer services, increase the loyalty of existing customers and win new ones. Today, Russia is in a situation where foreign brands have left the market, freeing up niches; digital technologies are developing dynamically, the digital economy is being replaced by the data economy; an increasing number of users are "going online", preferring to make purchases online. All this indicates the need for a qualitative change in marketing strategies. Marketing specialists must have a good understanding of market movements, detect changes in consumer behavior and select the most effective tools for brand promotion and development. In this study, we analyzed the main marketing trends of 2024 and outlined the prospects for the development of trends in 2025.
Purpose. Analysis of marketing development trends in 2024 and forecast of marketing trends for 2025.
Methodology in article methods of analysis, synthesis, study of scientific literature and Internet resources, as well as interviewing marketing specialists were used.
Results: information on marketing development trends in 2024 has been systematized and summarized, and the main promising areas for marketing development in 2025 have been identified.
Practical implications it is advisable for marketing specialists, novice marketers, and students of economics to study the results obtained.
Red Sports Culture Integrated into Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities Value Characteristics and Implementation Path
Authors: Liu Feifei , Liu Rongde , Huang Xiaoying , Luo Changxin , Mi Zuwei 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study focuses on exploring how the red sports culture is integrated into the ideological education of colleges and universities.
Methodology: The main method used in this study was logical analysis as a way to ensure the successful implementation of this study.
Findings: Red sports culture refers to the sports and cultural activities led by the Communist Party of China. Red sports culture has gone through three stages: germination, basic establishment and further growth. Its survival conditions need to have certain political guarantee, material foundation, practical foundation and theoretical cornerstone. It is characterized by the spirit of patriotism, the spirit of revolution, and the spirit of practice. Its role is to enrich the content of ideological education in colleges and universities, to strengthen the ideology of ideological education in colleges and universities, and to cultivate a team of talents who are“morally, intellectually, physically, socially and aesthetically”qualified.
Value: This study proposes a specific implementation path for better integrating the red sports culture into the ideological and political education in colleges and universities.
Do Institutional Investors Stabilize Equity Markets in Crisis Periods? Evidence from COVID-19
Authors: Glossner Simon , Matos Pedro , Ramelli Stefano , Wagner Alexander F. 
Published: February 2025

During the COVID-19 stock market crash, U.S. stocks with higher institutional ownership (IO) performed worse than those with lower IO. By studying firm-level changes, we identify two mechanisms behind this effect: a sudden downscaling of institutional capital in the equity market and a collective attempt by institutions to reposition their equity portfolios toward more COVID-resilient stocks. The stock price effects of their “portfolio downscaling” trades quickly reversed in the market’s recovery phase, whereas those of their “portfolio repositioning” trades lingered. The institutional rush for firm resilience also caused price pressures, with retail investors providing liquidity to stocks sold by institutional investors, both during the crisis and afterward. Overall, our results indicate that when a tail risk is realized, institutional investors amplify price crashes. This paper was accepted by Lukas Schmid, finance. Funding: S. Glossner and P. Matos acknowledge financial support from the Richard A. Mayo Center for Asset Management at the Darden School of Business. S. Ramelli and A. F. Wagner acknowledge financial support from the University of Zurich Research Priority Program “Financial Market Regulation.” Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03411 .
Combining Ad Targeting Techniques: Evidence from a Field Experiment in the Auto Industry
Authors: Valenti Albert , Miller Chadwick J. , Tucker Catherine E. 
Published: February 2025

Retargeted advertising that tries to entice potential customers back to a website is widely used by advertisers and has often replaced more traditional forms of targeting, such as contextual targeting that tries to match ads to website content. However, existing research has not investigated the extent to which these different targeting techniques compete with or complement each other. To investigate this, we conduct a large-scale field experiment with an automobile manufacturer to investigate how retargeting meshes with more traditional techniques of contextual targeting online and in turn how that should affect ad content. We investigate this using three different measures of online advertising effectiveness: website visits, engagement, and soft conversions. We find that combining contextual targeting and retargeting is more effective for all three measures. However, to unleash this effectiveness, marketers have to pay attention to the ad content in their retargeted ads. We find that when combining retargeted advertising with contextual targeting, ads that prompt users to customize an offering are the most effective. Last, we provide empirical evidence for understanding the underlying mechanism associated with our findings and replicate those findings with a laboratory experiment. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, marketing. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.02310 .
Comparison of Test Methods for Spray Deposition and Distribution by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Agricultural Chemical Spraying Application between Japanese Convention Protocol and ISO 24253 Protocol
Authors: Yuki Shoichi , Kobara Yuso , Nakashima Mitsuru , Ozaki Yoshihito , Yoshiyama Hiroaki , Yuasa Kazuyasu , Kubota Yosuke , Fujii Yukito , Yamasaki Hirofumi 
Published: February 2025

HighlightsSpray deposition and distribution evaluations of UAVs were conducted.Spray distributions by the ISO and the Japanese protocol showed similar trends.The Japanese test protocol is useful as an evaluation method.A great benefit is its consideration of UAV-specific downwash and crosswinds.Abstract. For this study, evaluations of spray deposition and distribution on industrial unmanned helicopters and multi-rotor UAVs were conducted, respectively, according to the Japanese convention test protocol for UAVs and the test protocol for ground boom sprayers specified in ISO 24253 part 1. Using both the Japanese conventional protocol and the ISO 24253 protocol, spraying was conducted with 8 L per hectare with commercial UAVs. The amounts of tracer captured by collectors placed on the ground surface were measured and converted to the spray application rate per area. Results found for spray distribution by the ISO protocol exhibited similar trends to those obtained using the Japanese protocol. Results obtained from comparing the spray depositions of both test protocols indicated coefficients of determination R2 of the spray deposition measured values as 0.64 and 0.85, respectively, for helicopters and multi-rotors. Under the Japanese protocol, droplets on each of the five planes of the cubic collector were examined. More than 40% of the total droplets were observed on vertical planes because of downwash from UAV rotors, despite the crosswind effect during spraying. Therefore, one reason for differences in deposition values between these test methods was that the Japanese test protocol was able to capture droplets from the lateral direction with the cubic collector, which could not be captured using the ISO test. The Japanese test protocol, which measures the amount of adhesion using cubic collectors, is a useful and promising evaluation method that takes into account the UAV-specific downwash and crosswind effects. Keywords: ISO 24253 part 1, Japanese convention test protocol for UAVs, spray deposition and distribution, UAV pesticide application.
Timber Procurement Practices and Mill-Logger Relationships in the US South
Authors: Conrad Joseph L. , Dwivedi Puneet 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The US South’s forest products industry employs nearly 500,000 people and generates more than US$100 billion in economic output annually. Landowners, foresters, and forest products mills rely on thousands of independent logging businesses to implement silvicultural prescriptions and deliver raw materials. Mill timber procurement practices in the region are unique, having developed over 100 years since the establishment of the first pulp and paper mills. The purpose of this study was to document timber procurement practices in the South, evaluate the relationships between mills and logging businesses, and identify strategies to encourage the formation and retention of logging businesses. We conducted a mail survey of 636 primary forest products mills in the US South. We received 95 responses, yielding an adjusted response rate of 16 percent after accounting for undeliverable questionnaires. Wood dealers were the most common source of raw materials for all mill types except for wood pellet mills. The median number of logging businesses delivering to mills ranged from 15 for hardwood sawmills to 85 for pulp and paper mills. Eighty percent of supply contracts had a duration of less than 1 year. A majority of mill representatives were satisfied with the operational performance of logging businesses but expressed concerns about business management, financial stability, and timber transportation. Respondents identified trucking regulatory reform, additional logger education, financial assistance to purchase equipment, and higher logging and hauling rates as potential solutions to promote the formation and retention of logging businesses.
Assessing the application of adapted theory of planned behaviour in predicting postpartum family planning intentions in a pragmatic randomized control trial in Western Kenya
Authors: Shisanya Morris Senghor , Kipmerewo Mary , Morema Everlyne , Ouma Collins 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
In developing countries like Kenya, addressing the high population growth rate necessitates a focus on early Postpartum Family Planning (PPFP) use. Despite the critical need for PPFP, few researchers explore the application of health behaviour change theories to enhance FP use among postpartum women. This study assesses the application of adapted Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in predicting intention for early PPFP in postpartum women in Western Kenya.

Methods
This randomized control trial included pregnant women aged 15 to 49 attending Antenatal Care (ANC) clinics, randomly assigned to the "Nurses’ arm," "Community arm," or "Control arm." The intervention provided family planning (FP) counseling. Trained nurses and Community Health Workers (CHW) delivered counseling in their respective arms, while the control arm received routine care. Adapted TPB was integrated into client exit interviews to identify constructs influencing early PPFP intentions. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to predict the intention for early PPFP in the adapted TPB.

Results
The SEM was optimized with the removal of client knowledge on early PPFP. The final model retained satisfaction with PPFP counseling, perceived normative beliefs, attitude towards PPFP, behaviour control of PPFP choice, and perceived risk of early postpartum pregnancy. Only satisfaction with counseling (P = 0.001), perceived normative beliefs (P<0.0001), attitude towards PPFP (P<0.0001), and behaviour control of PPFP choice (P = 0.018) significantly influenced early PPFP intention.

Conclusion
The study demonstrates a viable application of the adapted TPB model in predicting early PPFP intention in an interventional study.

Trial registration
The study was registered by the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry on 03 July 2021 with a Trial Registration Number PACTR202107891858045. The trial was prospectively registered.