bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Midterm Donor Site Morbidity After Vascularized Free Fibula Flap Harvesting
Authors: Büyüktopçu Ömer , Baysal Özgür , Ağırdil Yücel , Şahbat Yavuz , Shammadli Ziya , Şirin Evrim , Erol Bülent 
Published: February 2024

Background: Vascularized fibula grafts (VFGs) have become one of the most preferred grafts for the reconstruction of bone defects. However, despite the many advantages over other graft options, recipient and donor site morbidities are also common. Donor site morbidity has been reported at rates ranging from 5% to 67%. The aim of this study was to present a single-center series examining the clinical, functional, and radiologic aspects of donor site morbidity following VFG harvesting. Methods: The study included 69 patients who underwent biological reconstruction with VFG for bone tumors, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, or bone defects after trauma. Patients were evaluated functionally, clinically, and radiologically for donor site morbidity. Results: Donor site morbidity was observed in 33 of 69 patients (48%). The most complications were sensation deficits around the feet and ankles (20 of 69; 29%). Knee laxity was more common in patients who underwent osteoarticular fibular resection ( P = .006). Conclusion: We found VFG to be an effective method for the reconstruction of large bone defects, but associated with a relatively high rate of complications. Complications requiring surgical intervention were rare and the majority of patients did not have long-term functional limitations. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Arthroscopic Modified Lasso-Loop Stitch Technique for Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability in Skeletally Immature vs Mature Patients
Authors: Takao Masato , Jujo Yasuyuki , Iwashita Kosui , Inagawa Miyu , Chua Erika Nicole , Lee Keong Joo , Watanabe Takashi , Shimozono Yoshiharu 
Published: February 2024

Background: In recent years, arthroscopic lateral ankle ligament repair has become increasingly popular. However, reports on the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic ankle stabilization for skeletally immature patients remain scarce. This study investigated the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic lateral ankle ligaments repair in skeletally immature patients compared to skeletally mature patients. Methods: Our retrospective analysis compared skeletally immature patients and skeletally mature adults who underwent arthroscopic repair of the ankle lateral ligaments with a modified lasso-loop stitch using a suture anchor. Skeletal immaturity was defined as patients whose epiphyseal line of the distal fibula remained open on plain radiography. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q) at 2 years after surgery. The time to postoperative walking, jogging, and return to full sports activities were also evaluated. Results: Sixty-four skeletally immature patients (IM group) and 103 skeletally mature adults (M group) were included. No significant differences were observed during both walking and jogging after surgery between the groups; however, return to full athletic activities was significantly earlier in IM group ( P = .05). The mean scores in all SAFE-Q subscales significantly improved in both groups after surgery ( P < .001). There were also no statistically significant differences between the groups in the mean postoperative SAFE-Q scores for all subscales. All patients in the IM group returned to playing sports at their preinjury levels postoperatively. Conclusion: We found that skeletally immature patients with chronic lateral ankle instability had generally similar responses to arthroscopic lateral ankle as skeletally mature adult patients at minimally 2 years’ follow-up with a high rate of successful return to sport. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective case control study.
Clinical outcome of percutaneous angioplasty and covered stent placement for treatment of left brachiocephalic vein obstruction in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Wan Ziming , Lai Qiquan , Zhou Yu , Chen Bo , Gan Hua 
Published: February 2024

Background: Left brachiocephalic vein (LBV) obstruction is a common complication in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with LBV obstruction who underwent percutaneous angioplasty or stenting. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 67 hemodialysis patients with LBV stenosis or occlusion who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA; n = 25) or percutaneous transluminal stenting (PTS; n = 42). We compared the clinical characteristics, lesion features, and patency between the two groups of patients. Results: The average age, sex, smoking history, body mass index, obstruction period, comorbidities, and clinical manifestations were comparable between the PTA and PTS groups. Prior ipsilateral catheterization was less common in the PTS group than in the PTA group (14.3% vs 36.0%, p < 0.05). Smaller sized balloons were used in the PTS group than in the PTA group ( p < 0.05). The overall primary patency rates were similar between the two groups, whereas the secondary patency rate in the PTS group was higher than that in the PTA group ( p < 0.05). The average age, sex, smoking history, body mass index, obstruction period, prior ipsilateral catheterization, comorbidities, and types of lesions were comparable between patients with or without restenosis, while patients with restenosis had a higher percentage of high venous pressure than those without restenosis (87.5% vs 60.5%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The primary patency rates were similar in the angioplasty and the stenting groups. Stenting has a significantly higher secondary patency rate than angioplasty alone for treating LBV obstruction and is required more commonly in patients without prior ipsilateral catheterization.
The effectiveness and safety of octocog alfa in patients with hemophilia A: up to 7-year follow-up of the real-world AHEAD international study
Authors: Ozelo Margareth C. , Hermans Cedric , Carcao Manuel , Guillet Benoît , Gu Joan , Guerra Randy , Tang Leilei , Khair Kate 
Published: February 2024

Background: Real-world data assessing treatment outcomes in patients with hemophilia A in routine clinical practice are limited. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of octocog alfa in patients with moderate/severe hemophilia A receiving treatment in clinical practice. Design: The international Antihemophilic Factor Hemophilia A Outcome Database study is an observational, noninterventional, prospective, multicenter study. Methods: This planned interim data read-out was conducted following 7 years of observation of patients receiving octocog alfa (cut-off, 30 June 2020). The primary endpoint was joint health status, assessed by the Gilbert Score. Secondary endpoints included annualized bleeding rates (ABRs), Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS), health-related quality of life, consumption, and safety. This post hoc analysis stratified data by hemophilia severity at baseline [moderate, factor VIII (FVIII) 1–5%; severe, FVIII <1%]. Results: Of the 711 patients in this analysis, 582 (82%) were receiving prophylaxis with octocog alfa at enrollment, and 498 (70%) had severe disease. Median Gilbert Scores were higher with on-demand therapy versus prophylaxis and scores were comparable in moderate and severe disease. In patients receiving prophylaxis, there was an improvement in HJHS Global Gait Score over 7 years of follow-up overall and in patients with severe disease. ABRs and annualized joint bleeding rates were low across all 7 years. An ABR of zero was reported in 34–56% of prophylaxis patients versus 20–40% in the on-demand group. ABRs were similar in severe and moderate disease. In total, 13/702 (1.9%) patients experienced 18 treatment-related adverse events. Conclusion: These data demonstrate the long-term effectiveness and safety of octocog alfa in patients with moderate and severe hemophilia A, especially in those receiving prophylaxis. The high number of patients receiving on-demand treatment experiencing zero bleeds could be due to selection bias within the study, with patients with less severe disease more likely to be receiving on-demand treatment. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02078427.
Performance of ChatGPT on Stage 1 of the Taiwanese medical licensing exam
Authors: Huang Chao-Hsiung , Hsiao Han-Jung , Yeh Pei-Chun , Wu Kuo-Chen , Kao Chia-Hung 
Published: February 2024

Introduction Since its release by OpenAI in November 2022, numerous studies have subjected ChatGPT to various tests to evaluate its performance in medical exams. The objective of this study is to evaluate ChatGPT's accuracy and logical reasoning across all 10 subjects featured in Stage 1 of Senior Professional and Technical Examinations for Medical Doctors (SPTEMD) in Taiwan, with questions that encompass both Chinese and English. Methods In this study, we tested ChatGPT-4 to complete SPTEMD Stage 1. The model was presented with multiple-choice questions extracted from three separate tests conducted in February 2022, July 2022, and February 2023. These questions encompass 10 subjects, namely biochemistry and molecular biology, anatomy, embryology and developmental biology, histology, physiology, microbiology and immunology, parasitology, pharmacology, pathology, and public health. Subsequently, we analyzed the model's accuracy for each subject. Result In all three tests, ChatGPT achieved scores surpassing the 60% passing threshold, resulting in an overall average score of 87.8%. Notably, its best performance was in biochemistry, where it garnered an average score of 93.8%. Conversely, the performance of the generative pre-trained transformer (GPT)-4 assistant on anatomy, parasitology, and embryology was not as good. In addition, its scores were highly variable in embryology and parasitology. Conclusion ChatGPT has the potential to facilitate not only exam preparation but also improve the accessibility of medical education and support continuous education for medical professionals. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated ChatGPT's potential competence across various subjects within the SPTEMD Stage 1 and suggests that it could be a helpful tool for learning and exam preparation for medical students and professionals.
The Incidental Diagnosis of Adenomatoid Tumour on Fallopian Tubes Submitted for Tubal Ligation at a Tertiary Laboratory in Northern Pretoria, South Africa
Authors: Thobakgale Nosipho Maria , Khaba Moshawa Calvin 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Adenomatoid tumours are the most common benign mesothelial neoplasms of the fallopian tube. They are usually diagnosed incidentally in specimens submitted for bilateral tubal ligation and can be mistake for vascular or epithelial lesions. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of cases with adenomatoid tumour of the fallopian submitted for tubal ligation from 2012 to 2020. The clinicopathological characteristic data was retrieved from the laboratory information system. Results: A total of 11 cases with adenomatoid tumour of the fallopian tubes submitted for tubal ligation were identified in women with average age of 30.9 years. In all the cases, only 1 fallopian tube was affected. Grossly, the fallopian tubes did not show any discernible tumour. Immunohistochemical stains confirmed the diagnosis of adenomatoid tumours in all the cases. Conclusion: Adenomatoid tumours in fallopian tubes are infrequent, and pathologists shouldn’t overlook them especially in unsuspicious instances. As frequent as adenomatoid tumour of the fallopian tubes are uncommon, pathologists show be aware of as their misdiagnosis could lead mismanagement of patient with far reaching complication.
Comparison of common multiple imputation approaches: An application of logistic regression with an interaction
Authors: Smith Matthew J , Quartagno Matteo , Belot Aurelien , Rachet Bernard , Njeru Njagi Edmund 
Published: February 2024

Background Multiple imputation is often used to reduce bias and gain efficiency when there is missing data. The most appropriate imputation method depends on the model the analyst is interested in fitting. We consolidate and compare the performance and ease of use for several commonly implemented imputation approaches. Methods Using 1000 simulations, each with 10,000 observations, under six data-generating mechanisms (DGM), we investigate the performance of four methods: (i) ’passive imputation’, (ii) ’just another variable’ (JAV), (iii) ’stratify-impute-append’ (SIA), and (iv) ’substantive model compatible fully conditional specification’ (SMCFCS). The application of each method is shown in an empirical example using England-based cancer registry data. Results SMCFCS and SIA showed the least biased estimate of the coefficients for the fully, and partially, observed variable and the interaction term. SMCFCS and SIA showed good coverage and low relative error for all DGMs. SMCFCS had a large bias when there was a low prevalence of the fully observed variable in the interaction. SIA performed poorly when the fully observed variable in the interaction had a continuous underlying form. Conclusion SMCFCS and SIA give consistent estimation and either can be used in most analyses. SMCFCS performed better than SIA when the fully observed variable in the interaction had an underlying continuous form. Researchers should be cautious when using SMCFCS when there is a low prevalence of the fully observed variable in the interaction.
Postinduction molecular MRD identifies patients with NPM1 AML who benefit from allogeneic transplant in first remission
Authors: Othman Jad , Potter Nicola , Ivey Adam , Jovanovic Jelena , Runglall Manohursingh , Freeman Sylvie D. , Gilkes Amanda , Thomas Ian , Johnson Sean , Canham Joanna , Cavenagh Jamie , Kottaridis Panagiotis , Arnold Claire , Ommen Hans Beier , Overgaard Ulrik Malthe , Dennis Mike , Burnett Alan , Wilhelm-Benartzi Charlotte , Dillon Richard , Russell Nigel H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Selection of patients with NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for allogeneic transplant in first complete remission (CR1-allo) remains controversial because of a lack of robust data. Consequently, some centers consider baseline FLT3–internal tandem duplication (ITD) an indication for transplant, and others rely on measurable residual disease (MRD) status. Using prospective data from the United Kingdom National Cancer Research Institute AML17 and AML19 studies, we examined the impact of CR1-allo according to peripheral blood NPM1 MRD status measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction after 2 courses of induction chemotherapy. Of 737 patients achieving remission, MRD was positive in 19%. CR1-allo was performed in 46% of MRD+ and 17% of MRD− patients. We observed significant heterogeneity of overall survival (OS) benefit from CR1-allo according to MRD status, with substantial OS advantage for MRD+ patients (3-year OS with CR1-allo vs without: 61% vs 24%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24-0.64; P &lt; .001) but no benefit for MRD− patients (3-year OS with CR1-allo vs without: 79% vs 82%; HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.50-1.33; P = .4). Restricting analysis to patients with coexisting FLT3-ITD, again CR1-allo only improved OS for MRD+ patients (3-year OS, 45% vs 18%; compared with 83% vs 76% if MRD-); no interaction with FLT3 allelic ratio was observed. Postinduction molecular MRD reliably identifies those patients who benefit from allogeneic transplant in first remission. The AML17 and AML19 trials were registered at www.isrctn.com as #ISRCTN55675535 and #ISRCTN78449203, respectively.
let-7 miRNAs repress HIC2 to regulate BCL11A transcription and hemoglobin switching
Authors: Huang Peng , Peslak Scott A. , Shehu Vanessa , Keller Cheryl A. , Giardine Belinda , Shi Junwei , Hardison Ross C. , Blobel Gerd A. , Khandros Eugene 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The switch from fetal hemoglobin (γ-globin, HBG) to adult hemoglobin (β-globin, HBB) gene transcription in erythroid cells serves as a paradigm for a complex and clinically relevant developmental gene regulatory program. We previously identified HIC2 as a regulator of the switch by inhibiting the transcription of BCL11A, a key repressor of HBG production. HIC2 is highly expressed in fetal cells, but the mechanism of its regulation is unclear. Here we report that HIC2 developmental expression is controlled by microRNAs (miRNAs), as loss of global miRNA biogenesis through DICER1 depletion leads to upregulation of HIC2 and HBG messenger RNA. We identified the adult-expressed let-7 miRNA family as a direct posttranscriptional regulator of HIC2. Ectopic expression of let-7 in fetal cells lowered HIC2 levels, whereas inhibition of let-7 in adult erythroblasts increased HIC2 production, culminating in decommissioning of a BCL11A erythroid enhancer and reduced BCL11A transcription. HIC2 depletion in let-7-inhibited cells restored BCL11A–mediated repression of HBG. Together, these data establish that fetal hemoglobin silencing in adult erythroid cells is under the control of a miRNA–mediated inhibitory pathway (let-7 ⊣ HIC2 ⊣ BCL11A ⊣ HBG).
Glyphosate- and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)-induced mortality and residues in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) exposed at different temperatures
Authors: Drechsel Victoria , Krais Stefanie , Peschke Katharina , Ziegler Michael , Köhler Heinz-R. , Triebskorn Rita 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum, non-selective systemic herbicide with a commonly assumed low potential for accumulation in biota. Nevertheless, glyphosate has been shown to bioaccumulate in the tissues of several organisms. To understand the bioconcentration dynamics of glyphosate in fish, brown trout (Salmo trutta forma fario) of different age were exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate, the formulation Roundup® LB Plus, and the major transformation product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) for two, three, or four weeks at different temperatures in the laboratory. Mortality rates were determined, and tissue samples were collected at the end of the experiment to ascertain concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA residues by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).

Results
Brown trout mortality during exposure to glyphosate or AMPA was considerably higher at 15 °C than at 7 °C. Also, a significant increase in glyphosate concentrations in samples containing muscle, head, backbone, and caudal fin tissue with increasing exposure concentrations and temperatures was observed. Six-month-old fish contained more glyphosate per kg wet weight after exposure than ten-month-old fish. The bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for glyphosate and AMPA were much higher at 15 °C than at 7 °C, but in both cases decreased with higher glyphosate concentrations. The BCF for glyphosate formulated in Roundup® was higher than the one for the parent compound. Approximately 30–42% of the organ-absorbed glyphosate and AMPA remained in the tissues even when the fish were kept in clean water lacking the test substances for three weeks after termination of exposure.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that there is an interaction between glyphosate and ambient temperature in terms of toxicity. Further it was shown that increasing concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA in the surrounding media lead to significantly increased concentrations of these substances in brown trout tissues, although neither bioconcentration nor bioaccumulation of glyphosate in animal tissues is expected due to the high water solubility of this chemical. As a consequence, the uptake of glyphosate by humans through the consumption of contaminated edible fish is very likely.
Upregulation of CALD1 predicted a poor prognosis for platinum-treated ovarian cancer and revealed it as a potential therapeutic resistance target
Authors: Li Wei , Huang Limei , Qi Nana , Zhang Qinle , Qin Zailong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Ovarian cancer (OC) has the worst prognosis among gynecological malignancies, most of which are found to be in advanced stage. Cell reduction surgery based on platinum-based chemotherapy is the current standard of treatment for OC, but patients are prone to relapse and develop drug resistance. The objective of this study was to identify a specific molecular target responsible for platinum chemotherapy resistance in OC.

Results
We screened the protein-coding gene Caldesmon (CALD1), expressed in cisplatin-resistant OC cells in vitro. The prognostic value of CALD1 was evaluated using survival curve analysis in OC patients treated with platinum therapy. The diagnostic value of CALD1 was verified by drawing a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve using clinical samples from OC patients. This study analyzed data from various databases including Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Human Protein Atlas (HPA), The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GEPIA 2, UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier (KM) plotter, LinkedOmics database, and String. Different expression genes (DEGs) between cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant cells were acquired respectively from 5 different datasets of GEO. CALD1 was selected as a common gene from 5 groups DEGs. Online data analysis of HPA and CCLE showed that CALD1 was highly expressed in both normal ovarian tissue and OC. In TCGA database, high expression of CALD1 was associated with disease stage and venous invasion in OC. Patients with high CALD1 expression levels had a worse prognosis under platinum drug intervention, according to Kaplan–Meier (KM) plotter analysis. Analysis of clinical sample data from GEO showed that CALD1 had superior diagnostic value in distinguishing patients with platinum "resistant" and platinum "sensitive" (AUC = 0.816), as well as patients with worse progression-free survival (AUC = 0.741), and those with primary and omental metastases (AUC = 0.811) in ovarian tumor. At last, CYR61 was identified as a potential predictive molecule that may play an important role alongside CALD1 in the development of platinum resistance in OC.

Conclusions
CALD1, as a member of cytoskeletal protein, was associated with poor prognosis of platinum resistance in OC, and could be used as a target protein for mechanism study of platinum resistance in OC.