bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binding Studies of Asymmetric Pentacoordinate Copper(II) Complexes Containing Phenanthroline and Ethane‐1,2‐diamine Ligands with Calf‐Thymus DNA
Authors: Arjmand Farukh , Chauhan Mala 
Published: September 2005

AbstractNew chiral complexes of the composition [MLL′], where HL=1,2‐bis(1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐yl)ethane‐1,2‐diol=H2bimedol, M=CoII, NiII, CuII, and L′=1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) or ethane‐1,2‐diamine (en), were synthesized and characterized. The ligand L exhibited a coordination mode involving the O‐atom of only one OH group, the other one being directed away from the metal center. The complexes [Cu(Hbimedol)(en)]Cl (1), [Cu(Hbimedol)(phen)]Cl (2), [Co(Hbimedol)(phen)]Cl (3), [Ni(Hbimedol)(en)]Cl (4), and [Ni(Hbimedol)(phen)]Cl (5) were ionic in nature and stable at room temperature. The donor sets involved in coordination with the metal ions were the O‐atom of one OH group and two N‐atoms of the two benzimidazole moieties, besides the two N‐atoms of phen or en (Fig. 1.). The proposed five‐coordinate geometry of 1–5 was established by analysis of spectroscopic data; the ball‐and‐stick models supported the proposed structures of 1–5 since they showed apparently no strain on any bond and angle. The interaction of complexes 1 and 2 with calf‐thymus DNA were carried out by UV/VIS titration, circular dichroism, electrochemical methods, and viscometry. The intrinsic binding constant Kb of 1 and 2 was determined as 1.57⋅104 and 1.51⋅104 M−1, respectively, suggesting that both complexes bind strongly to calf‐thymus DNA.
The Chemical Constituents from the Callus Culture of Trewia nudiflora
Authors: Du Zhi‐Zhi , Zhao Pei‐Ji , He Hong‐Ping , Zhu Na , Hao Xiao‐Jiang , Shen Yue‐Mao 
Published: September 2005

AbstractFive ent‐atisane diterpenoids, including three new ones, i.e., (16α)‐17‐hydroxy‐ent‐atisan‐19‐oic acid methyl ester (1), (16α)‐17‐dihydroxy‐ent‐atisan‐19‐oic acid methyl ester (2), (16α)‐ent‐atisan‐16,17,19‐triol (3), and two known compounds, i.e., 17‐hydroxy‐ent‐atisan‐19‐oic acid (4), (16α)‐16,17‐dihydroxy‐ent‐atisan‐19‐al (5), together with one known diterpene glycoside, i.e., sumogaside, two known triterpenes, i.e., germanicone and (3β)‐β‐amyrin, three known phenolic compounds, i.e., (+)‐gallocatechin, (+)‐catechin, and gallic acid, and two known sterols, i.e., β‐sitosterol and daucosterol, were isolated from the callus cultures of Trewia nudiflora. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments. No maytansinoids were isolated or detected by LC‐ESI‐MS in the extracts of the calli, which suggests that the callus cultures can not produce maytansinoids under these conditions.
Supramolecular Arrays of Cationic Complexes Containing Pyrazole Ligands and Tetrafluoroborate, Trifluoromethanesulfonate, or Nitrate as Counterions. Crystal Structure of Bis(3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐nitro‐1H‐pyrazole‐κN2)silver(1+) Nitrate ([Ag(HpzNO2)2](NO3))
Authors: Gallego M. Luz , Cano Mercedes , Campo José A. , Heras José V. , Pinilla Elena , Torres M. Rosario 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe structures of [Pd(η3‐C3H5)(HpzR2)2](BF4) (HpzR2=Hpzbp2=3,5‐bis(4‐butoxyphenyl)‐1H‐pyrazole, 1; HpzR2=HpzNO2=3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐nitro‐1H‐pyrazole=Hdmnpz, 2) and [Ag(HpzR2)2](A) (HpzR2=Hpzbp2, A=$\rm{ BF_4^ -}$, 3; HpzR2=HpzNO2, A=$\rm{ CF_3 SO_3^ -}$, 4) were comparatively analyzed to determine the factors responsible for polymeric assemblies. In all cases, the H‐bonding interactions between the pyrazole moieties and the appropriate counterion and, in particular, the orientation of the NH groups of the pyrazole ligands are determinant of one‐dimensional polymeric arrays. In this context, the new compound [Ag(HpzNO2)2](NO3) (5) was synthesized and its structure analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (Fig. 4). The HpzNO2 serves as N‐monodentate ligand, which coordinates to the AgI center through its pyrazole N‐atom giving rise to an almost linear NAgN geometry. The planar NO$\rm{_{3}^{-}}$ counterion bridges two adjacent AgI centers to form a one‐dimensional zigzag‐shaped chain which is also supported by the presence of NH⋅⋅⋅O bonds between the pyrazole NH group of adjacent cationic entities and the remaining O‐atom of the bridging NO$\rm{_{3}^{-}}$ (Fig. 5). The chains are further extended to a two‐dimensional layer‐like structure through additional Ag⋅⋅⋅O interactions involving the NO2 substituents at the pyrazole ligands (Fig. 6).
Synthesis and [4+2] Cycloaddition of (2R,2′R)‐N,N′‐Fumaroylbis[fenchane‐8,2‐sultam] (=(2E)‐1,4‐Bis[(3aS,6S,7aR)‐1,4,5,6,7,7a‐hexahydro‐7,7‐dimethyl‐2,2‐dioxido‐3H‐3a,6‐methano‐2,1‐benzothiazol‐1‐yl]but‐2‐ene‐1,4‐dione) to Cyclopentadiene
Authors: Piątek Anna M. , Chojnacka Agnieszka , Chapuis Christian , Jurczak Janusz 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe now corrected X‐ray structure of (2R)‐bornane‐10,2‐sultam ((−)‐1a), as well as that of its already published N‐crotonoyl derivative (−)‐1d, were compared with those of the newly synthesized (2R)‐fenchane‐8,2‐sultam ((+)‐5a), as well as its N‐crotonoyl derivative (−)‐5d. Also the N‐methyl‐ and N‐acryloylfenchane‐8,2‐sultams (−)‐5b,c were prepared, and both the reactivity and diastereoselectivity imparted by the new chiral auxiliary to N,N′‐fumaroylbis[fenchane‐8,2‐sultam] (−)‐5e were compared with those of (−)‐1a by addition of cyclopenta‐1,3‐diene to (−)‐5e, in various solvents and at different temperatures under TiCl4‐mediated and uncatalyzed conditions. The determining influence of these factors is rationalized by the loss of the masked C2 symmetry earlier attributed to camphor‐derived sultams as well as transition‐state dipolar stabilization by the solvent of the thermodynamically less stable syn‐s‐cis conformer.
Three New Cytotoxic ent‐Kaurane Diterpenoids from Isodon weisiensis C. Y. Wu
Authors: Ding Lan , Zhang Zhang‐Jing , Liu Guo‐An , Yang Dong‐Juan , Guo Guo‐Cong , Wang Han , Sun Kun 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThree new cytotoxic ent‐kaurane diterpenoids, (1α,7α,14β)‐1,7,14‐trihydroxy‐ent‐kaur‐16‐en‐15,18‐dione (1), (1α,7α,14β)‐1,7,14,18,20‐pentahydroxy‐ent‐kaur‐16‐en‐15‐one (2), and (3β,7α,14β)‐3,7,14‐tris(acetyloxy)‐ent‐kaur‐16‐en‐15‐one (3), were isolated from Isodon weisiensis C. Y. Wu. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 2D‐NMR techniques, and the crystal structure of 1 was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray‐diffraction analysis. The chosen crystal of 1 was orthorhombic, space group P212121, and there were two molecules with little difference in bond length and bond angle in the least‐asymmetry unit. Compounds 1–3 showed significant cytotoxic activities against human‐cancer cell lines Bel‐7402 and HO‐8910.
Three New Indole Alkaloids from the Leaves of Alstonia scholaris
Authors: Zhou Hua , He Hong‐Ping , Luo Xiao‐Dong , Wang Yue‐Hu , Yang Xian‐Wen , Di Ying‐Tong , Hao Xiao‐Jiang 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThree new akuamillan‐type indole alkaloids, i.e., 5‐methoxystrictamine (=methyl (5β,16R,19E)‐5‐methoxyakuammilan‐17‐oate; 1), methyl (16R,19E)‐1,2‐dihydro‐16‐(hydroxymethyl)‐5‐oxoakuammilan‐17‐oate (2), and methyl (2β,16R,19E)‐4,5‐didehydro‐1,2‐dihydro‐2‐hydroxy‐16‐(hydroxymethyl)akuammilan‐4‐ium‐17‐oate chloride (3), have been isolated from the leaves of Alstonia scholaris, together with ten known compounds. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means. None of the constituents showed significant cytotoxic activity towards WT cells.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed, Selective Cyclopropane‐Ring Opening in Ingol Diterpene Derivatives
Authors: Srinivasulu Masuna , Reddy Vanimireddy Lakshmi Niranjan , Reddy Samala Malla , Ravikanth Veluri , Raju Tuniki Venugopal , Ramakrishna Sistla , Venkateswarlu Yenamandra 
Published: September 2005

AbstractLewis acid mediated skeletal rearrangement of the ingol diterpenoids 1 and 4 via regio‐ and stereospecific cyclopropane‐ring opening afforded the four new compounds 2, 3, 5, and 6, named nivulianol A–D (Scheme 1). Their structures were established by means of IR, MS, and in‐depth NMR spectroscopic analyses. The rearranged congeners were tested for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced prostaglandin (PG) E2 (cyclooxygenase‐2) inhibition. Thereby, nivulianol B (=(1S*,2E,4R*,5S*,7Z,9S*,11R,13S*,14S*)‐14‐acetoxy‐5‐methoxy‐3,9,13‐trimethyl‐6‐(1‐methylethenyl)‐10‐oxo‐15‐oxatricyclo[9.3.1.01,11]pentadeca‐2,7‐dien‐4‐yl (2Z)‐2‐methylbut‐2‐enoate; 3) was found to be significantly active, with an IC50 value of 36.3 μg/ml.
Two New Iridoid Glycosides from Hedyotis tenelliflora Blume
Authors: Zhao Jing‐Feng , Yuan Qin‐Mei , Yang Xiao‐Dong , Zhang Hong‐Bing , Li Liang 
Published: September 2005

AbstractTwo new iridoid glycosides, teneoside A (=(2aR,5S)‐5‐[(β‐D‐glucopyranosyl)oxy]‐2a,4a,5,7b‐tetrahydro‐4‐{[(α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}‐1H‐2,6‐dioxacyclopenta[cd]inden‐1‐one; 1) and teneoside B (=methyl (1S,5R)‐1‐[(β‐D‐glucopyranosyl)oxy]‐1,4a,5,7a‐tetrahydro‐5‐hydroxy‐7‐{[(α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}cyclopenta[c]pyran‐4‐carboxylate; 2), were isolated from the roots of Hedyotis tenelliflora Blume, along with two known compounds, deacetylasperuloside (3) and scandoside methyl ester (4). Their structures were elucidated by chemical methods (acid hydrolysis) and spectroscopic analyses.
A Novel Three‐Dimensional Coordination Polymer Involving PbPb Interactions and Three Different Hemidirected Lead(II) Coordination Spheres: X‐Ray Crystal Structure of Tris(1,10‐phenanthroline‐κN1,κN10)bis[{μ3‐[5‐(sulfo‐κO)benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylate(3−)‐κO1,κO1′ :  κO2,κO2′ : κO2]}trilead (PbPb) Trihydrate ([Pb3(phen)3(H2O)2(sip)2]n⋅3 H2O)
Authors: Xiao Hong‐Ping , Morsali Ali 
Published: September 2005

AbstractA novel 3D polymeric PbII complex involving three different hemidirected PbII coordination spheres, [Pb3(phen)3(H2O)2(sip)2]n⋅3 H2O (phen=1,10‐phenanthroline and sip=5‐sulfoisophthalate=5‐sulfobenzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylate), was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. Its single‐crystal X‐ray structure shows three types of Pb2+ ions with coordination number six for Pb(1) and seven for Pb(2) and Pb(3). Two of the lead atoms, Pb(1) and Pb(3), are involved in PbPb interactions.
Alkaloids from the Bulbs of Lycoris aurea
Authors: Yang Yu , Huang Sheng‐Xiong , Zhao Yi‐Min , Zhao Qin‐Shi , Sun Han‐Dong 
Published: September 2005

AbstractTwo new and ten known alkaloids have been isolated from the bulbs of Lycoris aurea (Amaryllidaceae). The two new compounds, lycosinine A (=[2‐(2,3‐dihydro‐1‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐7‐yl)‐4,5‐dimethoxyphenyl]methanol; 1) and lycosinine B (=2‐(2,3‐dihydro‐1‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐7‐yl)‐4,5‐dimethoxybenzaldehyde; 2), were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods. In addition, a plausible biogenesis of homolycorine from 1 and 2 is proposed (Scheme).
Three New Isoprenylated 2‐Arylbenzofurans from Artocarpus petelotii
Authors: Chen Lei , Hou Ai‐Jun 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThree new isoprenylated 2‐arylbenzofurans, artopetelins A–C (1–3), were isolated as minor constituents from the EtOH extract of the root barks of Artocarpus petelotii Gagnep. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including HR‐EI‐MS and 2D‐NMR techniques.
Titanium implant osseointegration with calcium pyrophosphate in rabbits
Authors: Koo Samuel , König Bruno , Allegrini Sérgio , Yoshimoto Marcelo , Carbonari Marcelo José , Mitri‐Luiz Fábio Franceschini 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe objective of this study was to characterize calcium pyrophosphate material, evaluate itsin vitrocytotoxicity, and assess its ability to induce bone formation. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) was used to deterimne crystallinity and phases present in material. Serial dilutions of extracts, from 10‐day dissolution tests in modified Eagle's medium, were exposed for 24 h to mouse fibroblasts and cytotoxicity assessed via viable staining.In vivoperformance was determined by placing Ti screws with and without calcium pyrophosphate agglutinated with marrow adipose tissue in the tibiae of eight rabbits. New bone formation around test and control implants was evaluated histomorphometrically by using three fluorochrome labels: alizarin, calcein, and tetracycline. After 8 postoperative weeks, the animals were killed and specimens were retrieved and processed for fluorescence and light microscopic analysis. Calcium pyrophosphate showed no cytotoxicity and the XRD showed that the main phase of the analyzed sample corresponded to β‐calcium pyrophosphate. The largest fluorochrome labeling area occurred during the fourth and fifth postoperative weeks, in both control and experimental groups. Histologically, the bone neoformation occurred in regions where the calcium pyrophosphate was resorbed. The morphometric analysis showed implants placed with calcium pyrophosphate resulted in smaller polyfluorochrome labeling area (p< 0.05). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Material characterization and in vivo behavior of silicon substituted α‐tricalcium phosphate cement
Authors: Camiré Christopher L. , Jegou Saint‐Jean Simon , Mochales Carolina , Nevsten Pernilla , Wang Jian‐Sheng , Lidgren Lars , McCarthy Ian , Ginebra Maria‐Pau 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe possibility and biological effects of substituting silicon in α‐tricalcium phosphate (α‐TCP) by way of solid‐state reaction have been evaluated. α‐TCP powders with varying substitution amounts (1 and 5 mol % Ca2SiO4) were synthesized by reacting mixtures of CaCO3, Ca2P2O7, and SiO2, at a rate of 4°C(min)−1 to 1100 °C, left to dwell for 2 h and then heated to 1325°C at 4°C(min)−1 and left to dwell for a period of 4 h. The powders were then rapidly quenched in air. Si incorporation could be verified by X‐ray diffraction analysis, indicating an increase of the lattice volume with increasing Si content from 4284.1(8) to 4334(1) Å3 for pure α‐TCP and α‐Si5%TCP, respectively. The hydrolysis of milled α‐SiTCP powders was monitored by isothermal calorimetry, and the compressive strength of set cements was tested. The results showed changes in speed and amount of heat released during reactivity tests and a decrease in mechanical strength (60, 50, and 5 MPa) with increasing Si content. In vitro bioactivity of the set cements after soaking in simulated body fluid for 4 weeks was also tested. The formation of a bonelike apatite layer on the surface of the set cements could be observed and was thickest for 1%Si (20 μm). These results were in good agreement with the in vivo studies performed, which showed strong evidence that the cement containing 1% silicon doped α‐TCP enhanced mesenchymal cell differentiation and increased osteoblast activity compared with α‐TCP. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Microscopic observations of superficial ultrastructure of unworn siloxane‐hydrogel contact lenses by cryo‐scanning electron microscopy
Authors: González‐Méijome José M. , López‐Alemany Antonio , Almeida José B. , Parafita Manuel A. , Refojo Miguel F. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze three commercial siloxane‐hydrogel contact lens materials, lotrafilcon A, balafilcon A, and galyfilcon A, by cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryoSEM). The fully hydrated lenses were frozen in slush liquid nitrogen and qualitatively observed in a cryogenic scanning electron microscope. The superficial ultrastructure of the siloxane‐hydrogels was observed at the areas where the lens fractured during sample cryogenic preparation. There are qualitative differences among the three examined materials in the complex polymer network structure existing between the outer layer and the underlying polymer. CryoSEM, although destructive, is a useful tool to investigate the structure of polymers used in contact lenses. This technique allows the observation of the inner structure of polymers in the hydrated state. The ultrastructure, the polymer network underlying the outer surface of siloxane‐hydrogels by cryoSEM microscopy, have never been reported before. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
In‐patient versus in vitro degradation of P(L/DL)LA and PLGA
Authors: Landes C. A. , Ballon A. , Roth C. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractTo assess and compare degradation rates, poly(70L‐lactide‐co‐30DL‐lactide) [P(L/DL)LA] and poly(85L‐lactide‐co‐15‐glycolide) (PLGA) copolymer degradation were studied in patients (maxillofacial region) and in vitro. Five patients of a total of 20 with 85:15 PLGA osteosyntheses, and 15 of a total of 60 with 70:30 P(L/DL)LA osteosyntheses, (10 females and 10 males, 26–55 years; mean, 33 years) underwent explantations after 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. Identical resorbables immersed in physiological buffer solution at 37°C were compared at identical intervals. P(L/DL)LA's initial average molecular weight of 45,000 decreased to 25,000 in patients (and to 21,000 in vitro) after 6 months, and to 8000 in patients after 18 months. PLGA's average molecular weight decreased from 44,600 to 22,000 after 3 months in patients and in vitro, and to 11,000 in patients and 1300 in vitro at 6 months. In‐patient and in vitro glass‐transition temperatures decreased from ∼60°C to 50°C over 18 months. Crystallinity in explants was ≤ 4% in P(L/DL)LA throughout testing, and 16% and 30% in PLGA at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Both copolymers decomposed reliably in patients: 85:15 PLGA within 12 months and 70:30 P(L/DL)LA within 24 months on average (p < 0.005), leaving only extremely small granules that powder upon finger touch. In vitro rates were significantly faster (p < 0.005). Crystallinity associated with foreign‐body reactions was minor and did not inhibit decomposition. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Effects of resin formulation and nanofiller surface treatment on in vitro wear of experimental hybrid resin composite
Authors: Musanje L. , Ferracane J. L. , Ferracane L. L. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractWhile adding nonbonded nanofillers and lowering the viscosity of the resin matrix have shown success in reducing deleterious polymerization stresses in dental composites, their effects on wear resistance is unknown. This study evaluated abrasion and attrition wear of experimental composites with varied resin viscosities [inherent to varied ratios of TEGDMA:UDMA:bis‐GMA (47:33:16 wt%; 30:33:33 wt%; 12:33:51 wt%)] and nanofiller surface treatment (12.6 wt% silanated or unsilanated silica: OX‐50; 0.04 μm). Specimens (n = 6) were light cured, aged in water at 37°C for 7 days, and evaluated in the new OHSU oral wear simulator (100,000 cycles). Nonbonded nanofiller increased abrasion and attrition in the low and medium viscosity composites. Increase in resin viscosity increased abrasion and attrition in composites containing silanated nanofiller, with equivocal effects in composites containing unsilanated nanofiller. Nonbonded nanofiller can lower the overall wear resistance of some composite formulations. Increasing resin viscosity generally lowers the wear resistance, but had minimal effect on composites containing nonbonded nanofiller. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Injectable and rapid‐setting calcium phosphate bone cement with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate
Authors: Burguera Elena F. , Xu Hockin H. K. , Weir Michael D. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractCalcium phosphate cement (CPC) sets in situ with intimate adaptation to the contours of defect surfaces, and forms an implant having a structure and composition similar to hydroxyapatite, the putative mineral in teeth and bones. The objective of the present study was to develop an injectable CPC using dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) with a high solubility for rapid setting. Two agents were incorporated to impart injectability and fast‐hardening to the cement: a hardening accelerator (sodium phosphate) and a gelling agent (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC). The cement with DCPD was designated as CPCD, and the conventional cement was referred to as CPCA. Using water without sodium phosphate, CPCA had a setting time of 82 ± 6 min. In contrast, CPCD exhibited rapid setting with a time of 17 ± 1 min. At 0.2 mol/L sodium phosphate, setting time for CPCD was 15 ± 1 min, significantly faster than 40 ± 2 min for CPCA (Tukey's at 0.95). Sodium phosphate decreased the paste injectability (measured as the paste mass extruded from the syringe divided by the original paste mass inside the syringe). However, the addition of HPMC dramatically increased the paste injectability. For CPCD, the injectability was increased from 65% ± 12% without HPMC to 98% ± 1% with 1% HPMC. Injectability of CPCA was also doubled to 99% ± 1%. The injectable and rapid‐setting CPCD possessed flexural strength and elastic modulus values overlapping the reported values for sintered porous hydroxyapatite implants and cancellous bone. In summary, the rapid setting and relatively high strength and elastic modulus of CPCD should help the graft to quickly attain strength and geometrical integrity within a short period of time postoperatively. Furthermore, the injectability of CPCD may have potential for procedures involving defects with limited accessibility or narrow cavities, when there is a need for precise placement of the paste, and when using minimally invasive surgical techniques. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Reduction of Cr(VI) by palladized biomass of Desulfovibrio vulgaris NCIMB 8303
Authors: Humphries Andrea C , Macaskie Lynne E 
Published: September 2005

AbstractPalladized biomass of Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Bio‐Pd(0)) reduced Cr(VI) to Cr(III) at an initial rate four‐fold higher than chemically‐prepared Pd(0) metal. Optimal Cr(VI) reduction by suspended Bio‐Pd(0) occurred at pH 3, whereas pH did not affect the rate of Cr(VI) reduction by Bio‐Pd(0) immobilized in agar beads. The rate of Cr(VI) reduction was concentration‐dependent below 300 µmol dm−3, and application of enzyme kinetics, considering Bio‐Pd(0) as an ‘artificial enzyme’, gave an apparent Km (Kmapp) of approx. 650 µmol dm−3 and Vmax of 1667 nmol h−1 mg Pd(0) for suspended Bio‐Pd(0). The potential of Bio‐Pd(0) as a method for the treatment of Cr(VI)‐wastes is discussed. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Prediction of two‐phase pressure drop and liquid holdup in co‐current gas–liquid downflow of air–Newtonian systems through packed beds
Authors: Jagadeesh Babu Ponnan Ettiyappan , Arunagiri Appusamy , Murugesan Thanapalan 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe dependency of pressure drop and liquid holdup on phase velocities, geometry of the column and packing materials as well as on the physical properties have been analyzed. Our experimental data (825 data points obtained using four liquid systems and three different particles) along with those of the available literature (776 data point from five different sources) were used for the analysis. The applicability and the limitations of the literature correlations were evaluated using the available data. Based on the analysis, new correlations for the estimation of pressure drop and liquid holdup, valid for low and high interaction regimes have been developed using the available data, with a wide range of variables. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry