bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diseño de un indicador de apoyo a la gestíón de firmes basado en el Ground Penetrating Radar: análisis de la forma del espectro de onda de GPR como indicador de estado de firmes asfálticos
Authors:   , Pedret Rodés Josep 
Published: October 2023

The Ground Penetrating Radar test applied to road engineering is overall used to determine the geometric characteristics of the pavement structure by analyzing the wave in the time domain. On many cases, it is often used to assess the stiffness modulus of structural layers analysis using the method known as retro-calculation, as it is indicated by the main guide mechanistic-empirical design of asphaltic pavements.However, the geophysic principles on which the GPR test is based, allows obtaining the data associated with the pavement and its structural condition. It is possible thanks to the interpretation of the response of a material against an electromagnetic wave. Physical variables associated with the wave response can be related with structural pathologies, for example, the presence of moisture or low cohesion level between the pavement layers.This thesis discusses the possibilities of the GPR test in order to allow the design of future status indicators, associated with the structural deterioration of a pavement. This can be possible by analyzing the radar wave in its time and frequency dimensions. Status indicators based on the GPR response signal allows a significantly reduction of the number of destructive tests in a pavement, such as coring, or other non-destructive but expensive and high logistical complexity tests, such as deflection tests.
En términos generales, el ensayo del Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) aplicado a la ingeniería de carreteras, suele circunscribirse a la determinación geométrica de la estructura del firme mediante el análisis de la onda en el dominio del tiempo.En muchas ocasiones, suele utilizarse para apoyar el cálculo del módulo de rigidez de las capas de la estructura mediante el método conocido como retro-cálculo, según indican las principales guías de diseño empírico-mecanicistas de firmes asfálticos. Sin embargo, los principios geofísicos que sustentan el ensayo permiten, de forma indirecta y mediante la interpretación de variables asociadas a la respuesta física de los materiales frente a una onda electromagnética, obtener datos relacionados con el estado estructural de un firme. Dichas variables pueden asociarse a patologías estructurales relacionadas, por ejemplo, con la presencia de humedad o la falta de adherencia entre las capas del firme.En este trabajo se aborda las posibilidades que tiene el ensayo de GPR mediante el análisis de la onda en sus dimensiones temporal y frecuencial, con el propósito de permitir el diseño de futuros indicadores de estado, asociados al deterioro estructural de un firme. Los indicadores de estado basados en la respuesta de la señal de GPR permitirán reducir considerablemente el número de ensayos destructivos practicados hoy día en los firmes tales como la extracción de testigos, u otros ensayos no destructivos pero igualmente caros y de elevada complejidad logística, como son los ensayos de deflexión.
MUSS: a contribution to the structural analysis of continuous system simulation languages
Authors:   , Guasch Petit Antonio 
Published: October 2023

En contrast amb els llenguatges clàssics de simulació, la tendència actual evoluciona cap a entorns de modelatge i simulació completament integrats. Aquests entorns combinen tècniques interdisciplinàries tals com IA, programació orientada a objectes, gestió de bases de dades y modelat de sistemes.<br/><br/>Per aconseguir els anteriors objectius, la arquitectura del llenguatge de simulació i del entorn d'execució de la simulació te que ser dissenyat de manera que permeti la modularitat i la flexibilitat. Addicionalment, la robustesa del entorn te que ser potenciada.<br/><br/>Aquesta tesi proposa el sistema de simulació MUSS, que emfatitza els següents aspectes innovadors: la arquitectura jeràrquica del llenguatge de simulació MISS, les fases de preprocés i de segmentació, y la estructura del entorn d'execució de la simulació i altres mecanismes de gestió relacionats. <br/><br/>L'entorn MUSS pot tenir estudis, experiments y submodels; els submodels continus poden tenir regions inicial, dinàmica i estàtica. Els submodels son traduïts en codi objecte en aïllament gràcies al procediment de segmentació proposat. Aquest procediment esta basat en el concepte de digraf del submodel. La metodologia de segmentació incrementa la modularitat i flexibilitat del sistema evitant la estructura restrictiva dels submodels actuals. El digraf del submodel també es utilitzat per avaluar la consistència del codi.
In contrast with classical simulation languages, the present trends are evolving towards fully integrated interactive modelling and simulation environments. These environments have to combine interdisciplinary techniques such IA, object oriented programming, data base management and system modelling.<br/><br/>To achieve the above objectives, the architecture of the simulation programming language and that of the run-time simulation environment which exercises the models should be designed allowing modularity and flexibility. Furthermore, the robustness of the environment should be reinforced.<br/><br/>The thesis proposes the MUSS simulation system, emphasizing the innovative concepts put forwards: the hierarchical architecture of the MUSS simulation language, the pre-processor analysis and segmentation phases and the structure of the run-time simulation environment and related management mechanisms.<br/><br/>A MUSS environment may enclose studies, experiments and submodels; continuous submodels may have initial, dynamic and static regions. Submodels are translated to object code in isolation thanks to the proposed segmentation procedure which in turn is based on the defined submodel digraph concept. The segmentation methodology increases the modularity and flexibility of the system avoiding the restricted general structure of the submodels. The submodel digraph is also used to test the consistency of the code.
Condiciones para la toma de muestra de orina
Authors: De la Torre Fiallos Ana Verónica , Guangasig Toapanta Víctor Hernán , Pacha Jara Ana Gabriela , Rugel Moposita Jennifer Dayana 
Published: October 2023

El examen de orina en la actualidad es considera una de las herramientas indispensables que se utiliza a nivel médico, puesto que brinda información útil y verídica sobre la condición de salud del paciente. Un correcto análisis de orina ayuda al diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades renales, infecciones urinarias, hepatopatías entre otras. Por lo general, este tipo de examen no causa molestias ni daño al paciente, por eso tiene una gran importancia clínica. Habitualmente los errores más comunes durante la toma y recepción de la muestra de orina ocurren principalmente en la fase preanalítica, esto se debe en gran medida al desconocimiento por parte del paciente sobre las indicaciones ideales que debe seguir al momento de la toma de la muestra. Para realizar una toma ideal de la muestra de orina, se requiere en gran medida de la cooperación de los pacientes, es por ello que el personal de laboratorio debe mencionar las condiciones idóneas para la recolección ya sea de forma oral o escrita, todo esto para garantizar muestras adecuadas para su correcto análisis.
Consumers’ Preference and Attitude Towards Dried Corchorus olitorius L. in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Iliasu K. B. , Adeoye I. B. , Akinbile H. T. , Adeigbe F. O. 
Published: October 2023

Aims: To examine consumers’ preference and attitude towards dried Corchorus olitorius L. leaves in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo state.
Study Design: Cross-sectional survey
Place and Duration of Study: Ibadan North-West, Ido and Akinyele LGAs in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo state, Nigeria, between March 2023 and August 2023.
Methodology: A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 170 consumers selected through a two-stage random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and probit regression analysis were used for data analysis.
Results: Most respondents were females (72.9%), married (51.8%), within the age range of 26-35 years (39.4%), had 1-5 household members (72.9%) and tertiary education (77.6%). 63.5% were aware of dried C. olitorius L., but 60% had not consumed it before, mainly due to unavailability. 20.6% preferred dried leaves. Packaging, aroma, colour and texture were key attributes considered for purchase. Sex, household size and income significantly influenced preference.
Conclusion: There is low preference for dried C. olitorius L in the study area. Creating awareness and appropriate marketing is needed to improve attitude and demand. Suitable packaging should also be developed to retain product quality attributes.
Economic Burden Associated With Untreated Mental Illness in Indiana
Authors: Taylor Heather L. , Menachemi Nir , Gilbert Amy , Chaudhary Jay , Blackburn Justin 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceThere is a paucity of systematically captured data on the costs incurred by society—individuals, families, and communities—from untreated mental illnesses in the US. However, these data are necessary for decision-making on actions and allocation of societal resources and should be considered by policymakers, clinicians, and employers.ObjectiveTo estimate the economic burden associated with untreated mental illness at the societal level.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used multiple data sources to tabulate the annual cost of untreated mental illness among residents (≥5 years old) in Indiana in 2019: the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the National Survey of Children’s Health, Indiana government sources, and Indiana Medicaid enrollment and claims data. Data analyses were conducted from January to May 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDirect nonhealth care costs (eg, criminal justice system, homeless shelters), indirect costs (unemployment, workplace productivity losses due to absenteeism and presenteeism, all-cause mortality, suicide, caregiver direct health care, caregiver productivity losses, and missed primary education), and direct health care costs (disease-related health care expenditures).ResultsThe study population consisted of 6 179 105 individuals (median [SD] age, 38.0 [0.2] years; 3 132 806 [50.7%] were women) of whom an estimated 429 407 (95% CI, 349 526-528 171) had untreated mental illness in 2019. The economic burden of untreated mental illness in Indiana was estimated to be $4.2 billion annually (range of uncertainty [RoU], $2.1 billion-$7.0 billion). The cost of untreated mental illness included $3.3 billion (RoU, $1.7 billion-$5.4 billion) in indirect costs, $708.5 million (RoU, $335 million-$1.2 billion) in direct health care costs, and $185.4 million (RoU, $29.9 million-$471.5 million) in nonhealth care costs.Conclusion and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found that untreated mental illness may have significant financial consequences for society. These findings put into perspective the case for action and should be considered by policymakers, clinicians, and employers when allocating societal resources and funding. States can replicate this comprehensive framework as they prioritize key areas for action regarding mental health services and treatments.
Screening for Intimate Partner Violence Experience and Use in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Portnoy Galina A. , Relyea Mark R. , Presseau Candice , Orazietti Skye A. , Bruce LeAnn E. , Brandt Cynthia A. , Martino Steve 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceThe practice of screening women for intimate partner violence (IPV) in health care settings has been a critical part of responding to this major public health problem. Yet, IPV prevention would be enhanced with detection efforts that extend beyond screening for IPV experiences to identifying those who use violence in relationships as well.ObjectiveTo determine rates of IPV experiences and use (ie, among perpetrators of IPV) and factors associated with disclosures among adult patients seeking mental health services at the Veterans Health Administration.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used electronic medical record data drawn from a quality improvement initiative at 5 Veterans Health Administration medical centers conducted between November 2021 and February 2022 to examine IPV disclosures following concurrent screening for IPV experience and use. Participants included patients engaged in mental health services. Data were analyzed in April and May 2023.ExposureMental health clinicians were trained to screen for IPV experience and use concurrently and instructed to screen all patients encountered through routine mental health care visits during a 3-month period.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes of interest were past-year prevalence of IPV use and experience, sociodemographic characteristics, and clinical diagnoses among screened patients.ResultsA total of 200 patients were offered IPV screening. Of 155 participants (mean [SD] age, 52.45 [15.65] years; 124 [80.0%] men) with completed screenings, 74 (47.7%) denied past-year IPV experience and use, 76 (49.0%) endorsed past-year IPV experience, and 72 (46.4%) endorsed past-year IPV use, including 67 participants (43.2%) who reported IPV experience and use concurrently; only 9 participants (5.8%) endorsed unidirectional IPV experiences and 5 participants (3.2%) endorsed unidirectional IPV use. Patients who reported past-year IPV experience and use were younger than those who denied IPV (experience: mean difference, −7.34 [95% CI, 2.51-12.17] years; use: mean difference, −7.20 [95% CI, 2.40-12.00] years). Patients with a posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis were more likely to report IPV use (43 patients [59.7%]) than those without a posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis (29 patients [40.3%]; odds ratio, 2.14; [95% CI, 1.12-4.06]). No other demographic characteristics or clinical diagnoses were associated with IPV use or experience.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of IPV rates and associated factors, screening for IPV found high rates of both IPV experience and use among patients receiving mental health care. These findings highlight the benefit of screening for IPV experience and use concurrently across gender and age. Additionally, the associations found between PTSD and IPV use underscore the importance of strengthening and developing additional targeted treatment for IPV.
Health Insurance and Differences in Infant Mortality Rates in the US
Authors: Johnson Desalyn L. , Carlo Waldemar A. , Rahman A. K. M. Fazlur , Tindal Rachel , Trulove Sarah G. , Watt Mykaela J. , Travers Colm P. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceHealth insurance status is associated with differences in access to health care and health outcomes. Therefore, maternal health insurance type may be associated with differences in infant outcomes in the US.ObjectiveTo determine whether, among infants born in the US, maternal private insurance compared with public Medicaid insurance is associated with a lower infant mortality rate (IMR).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research expanded linked birth and infant death records database from 2017 to 2020. Hospital-born infants from 20 to 42 weeks of gestational age were included if the mother had either private or Medicaid insurance. Infants with congenital anomalies, those without a recorded method of payment, and those without either private insurance or Medicaid were excluded. Data analysis was performed from June 2022 to August 2023.ExposuresPrivate vs Medicaid insurance.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the IMR. Negative-binomial regression adjusted for race, sex, multiple birth, any maternal pregnancy risk factors (as defined by the CDC), education level, and tobacco use was used to determine the difference in IMR between private and Medicaid insurance. The χ2 or Fisher exact test was used to compare differences in categorical variables between groups.ResultsOf the 13 562 625 infants included (6 631 735 girls [48.9%]), 7 327 339 mothers (54.0%) had private insurance and 6 235 286 (46.0%) were insured by Medicaid. Infants born to mothers with private insurance had a lower IMR compared with infants born to those with Medicaid (2.75 vs 5.30 deaths per 1000 live births; adjusted relative risk [aRR], 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69-0.95; P = .009). Those with private insurance had a significantly lower risk of postneonatal mortality (0.81 vs 2.41 deaths per 1000 births; aRR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.47-0.68; P &amp;lt; .001), low birth weight (aRR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85-0.94; P &amp;lt; .001), vaginal breech delivery (aRR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67-0.96; P = .02), and preterm birth (aRR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88-0.97; P = .002) and a higher probability of first trimester prenatal care (aRR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.21-1.27; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with those with Medicaid.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, maternal Medicaid insurance was associated with increased risk of infant mortality at the population level in the US. Novel strategies are needed to improve access to care, quality of care, and outcomes among women and infants enrolled in Medicaid.
Robust fault estimation for T‐S fuzzy systems with intermittently sampled data based on finite information learning observer
Authors: Su Yingxin , Sun Chao , Huang Shengjuan , Yi Suhuan 
Published: October 2023

SummaryIn this article, we study the problem of robust fault estimation for a class of T‐S fuzzy systems with time delays and external disturbances based on the finite information learning observer. The learning observer with intermittent sampling is constructed and the change rate of output estimation error is introduced to estimate the system fault effectively. At the same time, by introducing a generalized inverse matrix to the designed observer, a sufficient condition for the stability of the error estimation system is given by using fuzzy Lyapunov function, which not only solves the problem of system fault and external disturbance estimation, but also reduces the conservatism of the obtained conclusion. Finally, the results described by LMI are solved numerically and simulated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Congress doing nothing has deleterious effects on field
Authors: Knopf Alison 
Published: October 2023

Without a Speaker of the House, there is no movement in Congress. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) stands to lose $200 million. The SUPPORT Act cannot be reauthorized. What might look like silly politics to most of America goes to the heart of how the country functions, and when Republicans voted to oust former speaker Kevin McCarthy (R‐California) because he did not kowtow to their requirements, which included not negotiating with Democrats or the White House on anything, they had the responsibility of getting another. Of course, House Democrats voted him out as well. So the next step is to look at reality. Here's what our sources told ADAW last week:
Engineering Stem Cell Fate Controlling Biomaterials to Develop Muscle Connective Tissue Layered Myofibers
Authors: Han Seokgyu , Lee Myung Chul , Rodríguez‐delaRosa Alejandra , Kim Jiseong , Barroso‐Zuppa Margot , Pineda‐Rosales Montserrat , Kim Seong Soo , Hatanaka Takaaki , Yazdi Iman K. , Bassous Nicole , Sinha Indranil , Pourquié Olivier , Park Sungsu , Shin Su Ryon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSkeletal muscle connective tissue (MCT) surrounds myofiber bundles to provide structural support, produce force transduction from tendons, and regulate satellite cell differentiation during muscle regeneration. Engineered muscle tissue composed of myofibers layered within MCT has not yet been developed. Herein, a bioengineering strategy to create MCT‐layered myofibers through the development of stem cell fate‐controlling biomaterials that achieve both myogenesis and fibroblast differentiation in a locally controlled manner at the single construct is introduced. The reciprocal role of transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) and its inhibitor as well as 3D matrix stiffness to achieve co‐differentiation of MCT fibroblasts and myofibers from a human‐induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived paraxial mesoderm is studied. To avoid myogenic inhibition, TGF‐β1 is conjugated on the gelatin‐based hydrogel to control the fibroblasts’ populations locally; the TGF‐β1 degrades after 2 weeks, resulting in increased MCT‐specific extracellular matrix (ECM) production. The locations of myofibers and fibroblasts are precisely controlled by using photolithography and co‐axial wet spinning techniques, which results in the formation of MCT‐layered functional myofibers in 3D constructs. This advanced engineering strategy is envisioned as a possible method for obtaining biomimetic human muscle grafts for various biomedical applications.
Challenges and Opportunities: Metal–Organic Frameworks for Direct Air Capture
Authors: Bose Saptasree , Sengupta Debabrata , Rayder Thomas M. , Wang Xiaoliang , Kirlikovali Kent O. , Sekizkardes Ali K. , Islamoglu Timur , Farha Omar K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobal reliance on fossil fuel combustion for energy production has contributed to the rising concentration of atmospheric CO2, creating significant global climate challenges. In this regard, direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 from the atmosphere has emerged as one of the most promising strategies to counteract the harmful effects on the environment, and the further development and commercialization of this technology will play a pivotal role in achieving the goal of net‐zero emissions by 2050. Among various DAC adsorbents, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) show great potential due to their high porosity and ability to reversibly adsorb CO2 at low concentrations. However, the adsorption efficiency and cost‐effectiveness of these materials must be improved to be widely deployed as DAC sorbents. To that end, this perspective provides a critical discussion on several types of benchmark MOFs that have demonstrated high CO2 capture capacities, including an assessment of their stability, CO2 capture mechanism, capture‐release cycling behavior, and scale‐up synthesis. It then concludes by highlighting limitations that must be addressed for these MOFs to go from the research laboratory to implementation in DAC devices on a global scale so they can effectively mitigate climate change.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Lead‐Free Cs2TeBr6/g‐C3N4 Heterojunction Photocatalyst and Its Mechanism
Authors: Zhou Jinchen , Gao Bo , Wu Daofu , Tian Changqing , Ran Hongmei , Chen Wei , Huang Qiang , Zhang Wenxia , Qi Fei , Zhang Nan , Pu Yayun , Qiu Jing , Hu Zhiping , Du Juan , Liu Zhengzheng , Leng Yuxin , Tang Xiaosheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, a new type of lead‐free double perovskite Cs2TeBr6 combined with metal‐free semiconductor g‐C3N4 heterojunction is constructed and used for photocatalytic CO2 reduction for the first time. The S‐scheme charge transfer mechanism between Cs2TeBr6 and g‐C3N4 is systematically verified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron spin resonance (ESR) and in situ Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT‐IR). The formation of S‐type heterojunction makes the photocatalyst have higher charge separation ability and highest redox ability. The results show that 5%‐CTB/CN heterojunction material has the best photocatalytic reduction effect on CO2 under visible light irradiation. After 3 h of illumination, the yield of CO and CH4 are 468.9 µmol g−1 and 61.31 µmol g−1, respectively. The yield of CO is 1.5 times and 32 times that of pure Cs2TeBr6 and g‐C3N4, and the yield of CH4 is doubled compared with pure Cs2TeBr6. However, g‐C3N4 almost does not produce CH4, which indicates that the construction of heterojunction helps to further improve the photocatalytic performance of the material. This study provides a new idea for the preparation of Cs2TeBr6/g‐C3N4 heterojunction and its effective interfacial charge separation.