bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A learning‐based approach to regression analysis for climate data–A case of Northeast China
Authors: Guo Jiaxu , Xu Yidan , Hu Liang , Wu Xianwei , Xu Gaochao , Che Xilong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlobal climate change is an important issue that all of humanity needs to address together. Precipitation is an important climatic feature for agricultural development and food security, and the study of precipitation and its associated climatic factors is important for the analysis of global change. As an important part of China's food production, Northeast China has a temperate monsoon climate with simultaneous rain and heat, which is favorable for crop growth. In this paper, a scientific workflow for climate data analysis with a learning‐based method is designed. Using climate data from typical models in CMIP6, a machine learning‐based approach is used to establish regression relationships between precipitation and climate variables such as temperature, humidity and wind speed in Northeast China, which is validated through a time series approach. We design a weight‐based model ensemble method and a learning‐based bias correction method, so that the ensemble model can achieve better performance. We also analyze the precipitation trends in Northeast China under the three Shared Socio‐economic Pathways (SSPs). This will help researchers to analyze the long‐term evolution and factors of climate.
Technology readiness level of hydrogen storage technologies for transport
Authors: Boretti Alberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe uptake of hydrogen in transport applications needs the further development of storage technologies. As discussed here, hydrogen can be stored physically based, as a gas, compressed or cold/cryo compressed, or a liquid, or it can be stored material‐based. The material‐based hydrogen storage technologies, despite having been supported in recent years by more intense research and development expenditure versus the physically based, have a technology readiness level (TRL) still very low. Therefore, physical hydrogen storage technologies of much better TRL, with some existing products only in need of further refinement, should become the preferential recipient of R&D expenditure, to deliver the immediate benefits needed.
Influence of cooling methods on high‐temperature residual mechanical characterization of strain‐hardening cementitious composites
Authors: Kumar Dhanendra , Soliman Amr A. , Ranade Ravi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResidual strength tests are commonly used to characterize the high‐temperature mechanical properties of concrete materials. In these tests, the specimens are heated to a target temperature in a furnace and then cooled down to room temperature, followed by mechanical testing at room temperature. This research investigates the influence of the cooling method on the residual strength of Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites (SHCC) after exposure to 400°C and 600°C. Two types of cooling methods — furnace‐cooling (within a closed furnace) and water‐cooling (immersed in a water tank) — were adopted. Four different SHCC previously investigated by the authors for high‐temperature residual mechanical and bond behavior with steel were studied. Two different specimen sizes were tested under uniaxial compression and flexure to characterize the residual compressive strength and modulus of rupture. The effect of the cooling method was prominent for the normalized residual modulus of rupture at 400°C, but not at 600°C. The cooling method had no effect on the normalized residual compressive strength of any material at either of the two temperatures, except one of the SHCC (PVA‐SC) at 400°C. Specimen size also had no effect on the normalized residual compressive strength and modulus of rupture irrespective of the cooling method.
The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Postmenopause Sexuality Questionnaire
Authors: Kürne Hatice Gülşah , Akbayrak Türkan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo translate and to validate the Postmenopause Sexuality Questionnaire (PMSQ) for Turkish women in the climacteric.MethodsThe study included 356 menopausal women with a mean age of 60.2 ± 7.6 years. First, the demographic characteristics and obstetric information of the women were recorded. Then, the PMSQ was adapted into Turkish. In order to determine the sexual activity and menopause‐specific quality of life, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), The Menopause Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL), and the PMSQ were administered. The reliability and validity of the PMSQ were assessed with internal consistency, test–retest, and criterion validity analyses.ResultsAccording to the results of the study, the internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.97) and test–retest reliability (r = 0.95) of the PMSQ were found to be high (P < 0.001). Criterion validity was established based on the relationship of PMSQ scores with FSFI (r = 0.76; P < 0.001) and MENQOL (r = −0.47, P < 0.001) scores.ConclusionAccording to this study, it was determined that the Turkish version of the PMSQ can be a valid and reliable scale to evaluate sexual activity in Turkish menopausal women.
SNHG16/miR‐205/HDAC5 is involved in the progression of renal fibrosis
Authors: Zhao Yingdan , Wang Hanqing , Tang Yunhai , Wang Juan , Wu Xia , He Zifan , He Yayun , Tang Zhihuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRenal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) represents an irreversible and progressive pathological manifestation of chronic renal disease, which ultimately leads to end‐stage renal disease. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been suggested to be involved in the progression of RIF. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16), a member of lncRNAs, has been found to be involved in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. This paper first researched the effect of SNHG16 on renal fibrosis. We established a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)‐induced mouse RIF model by ligation of the left ureter to evaluate the biological function of SNHG16 in RIF. As a result, SNHG16 was upregulated in UUO‐induced renal fibrotic tissues. Knockdown of SNHG16 inhibited RIF and reduced alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), fibronectin, and college IV expression. miR‐205 was a target of SNHG16, and downregulated in UUO‐induced renal fibrotic tissues. Inhibition of miR‐205 promoted RIF and increased the expression of α‐SMA, college IV, and fibronectin. Overexpression of SNHG16 promoted the UUO‐induced RIF, but miR‐205 abrogated this effect of SNHG16. Histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) showed high expression in UUO‐induced renal fibrotic tissues. Knockdown of HDAC5 significantly reduced α‐SMA, fibronectin, and college IV expression in renal tissues of UUO‐induced mice. Inhibition of miR‐205 promoted HDAC5 expression, but knockdown of SNHG16 inhibited HDAC5 expression in renal tissues of UUO‐induced mice. In conclusion, SHNG16 is highly expressed in renal fibrotic tissues of UUO‐induced mice. Knockdown of SHNG16 may prevent UUO‐induced RIF by indirectly upregulating HDAC5 via targeting miR‐205. SHNG16 may be novel target for treating renal fibrosis.
Evaluation of the effects of pemafibrate on metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease with hypertriglyceridemia using magnetic resonance elastography combined with fibrosis‐4 index and the magnetic resonance imaging‐aspartate aminotransferase score
Authors: Ichikawa Takeshi , Oba Haruki , Owada Mai , Watanabe Kazuki , Yoshimura Tsubasa , Fuchigami Ayako , Nakamura Atsushi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimIn this retrospective study, we evaluated the effects of pemafibrate treatment in patients with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and hypertriglyceridemia using non‐invasive stiffness‐based models, including magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) combined with the fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4) (MEFIB) index and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (MAST) score.MethodsIn total, 179 patients with MASLD treated with pemafibrate were enrolled. We evaluated the effects of 48‐week pemafibrate treatment using the MEFIB index, which classifies patients based on the combination of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) on MRE and FIB‐4 and the MAST score, which is calculated based on LSM on MRE, MRI‐proton density fat fraction (MRI‐PDFF), and AST levels.ResultsPemafibrate treatment led to significant reduction in AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) (P = 0.011, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively) and significant improvements in triglyceride and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < 0.001 and <0.001, respectively). The MRI‐PDFF values were not significantly altered. However, a significant decrease in LSM on MRE was detected (P = 0.003). Evaluation of fibrosis using the MEFIB index and MAST score demonstrated significant improvement (P = 0.004 and <0.001, respectively). Changes in the MAST score showed positive correlation with changes in ALT and GGT levels (r = 0.821, P < 0.001, and r = 0.808, P < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, ALT and GGT levels at baseline were significantly associated with improvements in the MAST score (P < 0.001 and <0.001, respectively).ConclusionPemafibrate led to improvements in the MEFIB index and MAST score, as well as liver function. It is a promising therapeutic agent for patients with MASLD and hypertriglyceridemia with the potential to reduce liver‐related events.
A multiscale approach to statistical downscaling of daily precipitation: Israel as a test case
Authors: Sandler Dor , Saaroni Hadas , Ziv Baruch , Hochman Assaf , Harnik Nili , Rostkier‐Edelstein Dorita 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRainfall in the Eastern Mediterranean is strongly modulated by complex topography and localized mesoscale processes. General circulation models (GCMs) struggle to capture daily precipitation variability in the region, both in time and in space. Rain in the Eastern Mediterranean occurs within a hierarchy of scales, as synoptic scale structures often drive local rainfall patterns. Daily rain prediction in the region can therefore benefit from analog downscaling—a nonlinear regression of a high‐resolution predictand from past synoptic‐scale predictors. We present a multiscaled downscaling algorithm of daily rain over Israel. The underlying goal is to create a mechanism‐based tool that will improve the analysis and prediction of precipitation on short time scales in models that cannot produce the field explicitly. We train the algorithm using coarse grid ERA5 reanalysis data and measurements from 21 rain gauges. The routine uses a k‐nearest neighbours algorithm to find the most similar past instances (i.e., analogs) for every predicted day. Analog selection is performed in two steps, based on scale (synoptic and local), as to not overshadow correlative but local predictors. The algorithm also includes several unique aspects tailored to Mediterranean climate: subdaily predictors of cyclone life cycles; representation of upper level cyclonic drivers; and the inclusion of rainfall potential using the Modified K‐Index (MKI). The proposed algorithm has better accuracy (66% correct predictions) compared to non‐downscaled reanalysis and climatological predictions. It better captures the spatial rainfall variance, mitigates the “drizzle bias,” and improves skill in extreme event prediction. However, it underestimates very rainy events and has trouble fully representing the spatial variance in the region. Nonetheless, our algorithm represents the potential for computationally inexpensive downscaling of daily precipitation in the Mediterranean with various possible applications, for example, characterization of droughts and storms, linking hydrological and synoptic scale processes and introducing uncertainty estimates using large ensembles.
Safe bearing region for avoiding meniscal bearing impingement and overhang in mobile‐bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Zheng Nan , Dai Huiyong , Zou Diyang , Wang Qi , Tsai Tsung‐Yuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to propose a quantitative method of bearing overhang to minimize the effect of bearing spinning on mobile‐bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (MB UKA), suggest and apply safe bearing regions in daily activities. The overhang distance and area were calculated for neutral and spinning positions. The safe bearing regions were based on the relationship between bearing overhang and linear wear rate. Eleven patients were included in an in‐vivo experiment under dual fluoroscopic imaging following medial MB UKA. The bearing position was tracked by minimal joint space width, and the bearing overhang was calculated accordingly. Due to an equal contribution of 1 mm increase in medial overhang and 30 mm2 overhang areato wear rate, the maximum effect of potential bearing spinning on medial overhang distance was approximately three times as large as the overhang area. The safe bearing distance and area regions were rectangles and arches with different scales for different size combinations of bearing, femoral and tibial components. The maximum bearing overhang area during lunge (R = 0.76, p = 0.006) and open‐chain exercise (R = 0.68, p = 0.02) significantly correlated with the overhang area in standing. The overhang area can be an appropriate parameter for evaluating dislocation degree less affected by potential bearing spinning than the overhang distance in clinical practice. The corresponding safe overhang area regions were proposed for surgical planning and postoperative dislocation degree evaluation. The bearing overhang area in static standing posture can be a valuable reference to estimate the dynamic overhang area and dislocation degree during motion.
The role of ANCA in the management of cocaine‐induced midline destructive lesions or ENT pseudo‐granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a London multicentre case series
Authors: Pendolino Alfonso Luca , Benshetrit Guy , Navaratnam Annakan V. , To Caroline , Bandino Fabrizio , Scarpa Bruno , Kwame Ivor , Ludwig Dalia R. , McAdoo Stephen , Kuchai Romana , Gane Simon , Saleh Hesham , Pusey Charles D. , Randhawa Premjit S. , Andrews Peter J. 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveIn this multicentric study involving three London hospitals, we compared ANCA‐positive and ANCA‐negative cocaine‐induced midline destructive lesions (CIMDL) patients to assess how presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) may correlate with disease severity. Our secondary aims are to better classify etiology centered around ANCA positivity and, consequently, better disease management.MethodsA retrospective review was performed to identify patients with CIMDL seen between January 2019 and December 2022. Population data including age, sex, presentation, endoscopic findings, duration of cocaine use and active use of cocaine, type of treatment, laboratory (including ANCA serology), radiological, and histological findings were collected.ResultsForty CIMDL patients (25 male, median age of 42 years) were identified. The majority of them (72.5%) presented with either a septal perforation, a saddle nose deformity (22.5%), and/or a palatal fistula (20.0%). ANCA was positive in 71.1% of cases (66.7% p‐ANCA). No statistically significant differences in the general characteristics, type of treatment, laboratory results, radiological or histological findings were observed when comparing ANCA‐positive and ANCA‐negative CIMDL patients or when comparing p‐ANCA and c‐ANCA patients. Similarly, no statistically significant difference was obtained when comparing the pattern of distribution of lesions between the two groups.ConclusionsA large percentage of CIMDL patients showed positive ANCA test (71.1%) and in the majority of the cases a p‐ANCA pattern specifically targeting PR3 (p‐ANCA, PR3 + MPO‐). However, ANCA positivity or presence of a specific ANCA pattern was not associated with more severe presentation or more aggressive disease. Given its similarities to granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), we recommend the use of the term “cocaine‐induced ENT pseudo‐GPA” instead of CIMDL.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 134:2609–2616, 2024
The potential risk of soil salinization on vegetation restoration by ecological water conveyance project in Qingtu Lake Wetland, northwestern China
Authors: Hu Shun , Meng Keyu , Ma Rui , Sun Ziyong , Wang Zheng , Ge Mengyan , Zeng Linglin , Yin Lihe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Ecological Water Conveyance Project (EWCP) is an important measure to restore the degraded vegetation ecosystem in Qingtu Lake Wetland (QLW), a terminal lake wetland of an arid inland river basin in northwestern China. Although many previous studies have demonstrated the positive effect of EWCP for vegetation restoration, they have ignored the possible soil salinization by EWCP which could lead to re‐degradation of restored vegetation in QLW. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to reveal the potential risk of soil salinization on sustainable vegetation restoration in QLW. Three satellite remote sensing‐based indices (i.e., Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Salinity Index, and Normalized Difference Water Index) are used to indicate the spatio‐temporal evolutions of vegetation growth status, surface soil salinity, and water surface. Additionally, ground data of groundwater, soil, and ecological water volume are collected. The development of soil salinization and its risk on vegetation restoration as well as its controlling factors are subsequently studied by combining remote sensing and ground‐based data. The results indicate that the vegetation restored during the first few years of EWCP in the southwest, west, and north of QLW has degraded again due to the aggravation of soil salinization in these regions since 2019. Soil salinization was accelerated by the low groundwater depth with high mineralization and high evaporation capacity of climate without adequate inundation of ecological water. Under current ecological water management in QLW, soil salinization will intensify and vegetation will further degrade. The artificial management of ecological water in QLW has created a complex relationship among vegetation growth, soil salinization, and groundwater. This indicates the irrationality of using a fixed relationship between groundwater depth and NDVI for the computation of optimal ecological water volume in previous studies. More field monitoring of groundwater‐soil‐surface water‐plant‐atmosphere continuum and process‐based modeling of water‐salt transport and vegetation growth should be conducted in the future.
Prenatal diagnosis of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 9 with a 10.05‐Mb microdeletion at Xq21.31q22.1 inherited from mother: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu Juan , Liu Zhenzhen , Geng Feng , Peng Jing , Li Zhimin , Yang Qin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathy 9 (DEE9) is characterized by early infantile seizures and mild‐to‐severe neuropsychiatric symptoms. Despite being an X‐linked dominant disorder, DEE9 mainly affects heterozygous females or mosaic males, while hemizygous males are less affected. PCDH19 gene has been documented as the causative gene.MethodsKaryotyping analysis and copy number variation sequencing (CNV‐seq) were performed on a pregnant woman with epilepsy, together with her husband, son, and fetus.ResultsA disease‐causing microdeletion, seq[GRCh37] del(X)(q21.31q22.1) (90310001–100360000), was identified in the pregnant woman and her female fetus. The microdeletion includes the entire PCDH19 gene and is classified as “pathogenic” according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines.ConclusionIn this case study, we have not only identified the epilepsy type of the woman as DEE9 but have also made an unfavorable prognosis for her fetus. Our findings from this prenatal case provide valuable clinical resources for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling, while also implying the potential of CNV‐seq as a viable method for uncovering PCDH19‐related epilepsy.
Fast high‐resolution prospective motion correction for single‐voxel spectroscopy
Authors: Adanyeguh Isaac M. , Bikkamane Jayadev Nutandev , Henry Pierre‐Gilles , Deelchand Dinesh K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop a fast high‐resolution image‐based motion correction method using spiral navigators with multislice‐to‐volume registration.MethodsA semi‐LASER sequence was modified to include a multislice spiral navigator for prospective motion correction (∼305 ms including acquisition, processing, and feedback) as well as shim and frequency navigators for prospective shim and frequency correction (∼100 ms for each). MR spectra were obtained in the prefrontal cortex in five healthy subjects at 3 T with and without prospective motion and shim correction. The effect of key navigator parameters (number of slices, image resolution, and excitation flip angle) on registration accuracy was assessed using simulations.ResultsWithout prospective motion and shim correction, spectral quality degraded significantly in the presence of voluntary motion. In contrast, with prospective motion and shim correction, spectral quality was improved (metabolite linewidth = 6.7 ± 0.6 Hz, SNR= 67 ± 9) and in good agreement with baseline data without motion (metabolite linewidth = 6.9 ± 0.9 Hz, SNR = 73 ± 9). In addition, there was no significant difference in metabolites concentrations measured without motion and with prospective motion and shim correction in the presence of motion. Simulations showed that the registration precision was comparable when using three navigator slices with 3 mm resolution and when using the entire volume (all slices) with 8 mm resolution.ConclusionThe proposed motion correction scheme allows fast and precise prospective motion and shim correction for single‐voxel spectroscopy at 3 T. With 3 mm resolution, only a few navigator slices are necessary to achieve excellent motion correction performance.
GRASP reconstruction amplified with view‐sharing and KWIC filtering reduces underestimation of peak velocity in highly‐accelerated real‐time phase‐contrast MRI: A preliminary evaluation in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Yang Huili , Hong KyungPyo , Baraboo Justin J. , Fan Lexiaozi , Larsen Andrine , Markl Michael , Robinson Joshua D. , Rigsby Cynthia K. , Kim Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop a highly‐accelerated, real‐time phase contrast (rtPC) MRI pulse sequence with 40 fps frame rate (25 ms effective temporal resolution).MethodsHighly‐accelerated golden‐angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) with over regularization may result in temporal blurring, which in turn causes underestimation of peak velocity. Thus, we amplified GRASP performance by synergistically combining view‐sharing (VS) and k‐space weighted image contrast (KWIC) filtering. In 17 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), the conventional GRASP and the proposed GRASP amplified by VS and KWIC (or GRASP + VS + KWIC) reconstruction for rtPC MRI were compared with respect to clinical standard PC MRI in measuring hemodynamic parameters (peak velocity, forward volume, backward volume, regurgitant fraction) at four locations (aortic valve, pulmonary valve, left and right pulmonary arteries).ResultsThe proposed reconstruction method (GRASP + VS + KWIC) achieved better effective spatial resolution (i.e., image sharpness) compared with conventional GRASP, ultimately reducing the underestimation of peak velocity from 17.4% to 6.4%. The hemodynamic metrics (peak velocity, volumes) were not significantly (p > 0.99) different between GRASP + VS + KWIC and clinical PC, whereas peak velocity was significantly (p < 0.007) lower for conventional GRASP. RtPC with GRASP + VS + KWIC also showed the ability to assess beat‐to‐beat variation and detect the highest peak among peaks.ConclusionThe synergistic combination of GRASP, VS, and KWIC achieves 25 ms effective temporal resolution (40 fps frame rate), while minimizing the underestimation of peak velocity compared with conventional GRASP.