bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Optoelectronic Synapse Based on Violet Phosphorus Microfiber Arrays
Authors: Dong Liyan , Yuan Shuai , Wei Guodong , Zhu Peifen , Ma Shufang , Xu Bingshe , Yang Ya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMemristor‐based artificial synapses are regarded as the most promising candidate to develop brain‐like neuromorphic network computers and overcome the bottleneck of Von–Neumann architecture. Violet phosphorus (VP) as a new allotrope of available phosphorus with outstanding electro‐optical properties and stability has attracted more and more attention in the past several years. In this study, large‐scale, high‐yield VP microfiber vertical arrays have been successfully developed on a Sn‐coated graphite paper and are used as the memristor functional layers to build reliable, low‐power artificial synaptic devices. The VP devices can well mimic the major synaptic functions such as short‐term memory (STM), long‐term memory (LTM), paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), spike timing‐dependent plasticity (STDP), and spike rate‐dependent plasticity (SRDP) under both electrical and light stimulation conditions, even the dendritic synapse functions and simple logical operations. By virtue of the excellent performance, the VP artificial synapse devices can be conductive to building high‐performance optic‐neural synaptic devices simulating the human‐like optic nerve system. On this basis, Pavlov's associative memory can be successfully implemented optically. This study provides a promising approach for the design and manufacture of VP‐based artificial synaptic devices and outlines a direction with multifunctional neural devices.
Boosting Polysulfide Redox Kinetics by Temperature‐Induced Metal‐Insulator Transition Effect of Tungsten‐Doped Vanadium Dioxide for High‐Temperature Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Liu Guo , Zeng Qi , Tian Shuhao , Sun Xiao , Wang Di , Wu Qingfeng , Wei Wei , Wu Tianyu , Zhang Yuhao , Sheng Yanbin , Tao Kun , Xie Erqing , Zhang Zhenxing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe practical application of Li‐S batteries is still severely restricted by poor cyclic performance caused by the intrinsic polysulfides shuttle effect, which is even more severe under the high‐temperature condition owing to the inevitable increase of polysulfides’ solubility and diffusion rate. Herein, tungsten‐doped vanadium dioxide (W‐VO2) micro‐flowers are employed with first‐order metal‐insulator phase transition (MIT) property as a robust and multifunctional modification layer to hamper the shuttle effect and simultaneously improve the thermotolerance of the common separator. Tungsten doping significantly reduces the transition temperature from 68 to 35 °C of vanadium dioxide, which renders the W‐VO2 easier to turn from the insulating monoclinic phase into the metallic rutile phase. The systematic experiments and theoretical analysis demonstrate that the temperature‐induced in‐suit MIT property endows the W‐VO2 catalyst with strong chemisorption against polysulfides, low energy barrier for liquid‐to‐solid conversion, and outstanding diffusion kinetics of Li‐ion under high temperatures. Benefiting from these advantages, the Li‐S batteries with W‐VO2 modified separator exhibit significantly improved rate and long‐term cyclic performance under 50 °C. Remarkably, even at an elevated temperature (80 °C), they still exhibit superior electrochemical performance. This work opens a rewarding avenue to use phase‐changing materials for high‐temperature Li‐S batteries.
Boosting Alkaline Seawater Oxidation of CoFe‐layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheet Array by Cr Doping
Authors: Yao Yongchao , Yang Chaoxin , Sun Shengjun , Zhang Hui , Geng Meiqi , He Xun , Dong Kai , Luo Yonglan , Zheng Dongdong , Zhuang Weihua , Alfaifi Sulaiman , Farouk Asmaa , Hamdy Mohamed S. , Tang Bo , Zhu Shuyun , Sun Xuping , Hu Wenchuang (Walter) 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe pursuit of stable and efficient electrocatalysts toward seawater oxidation is of great interest, yet it poses considerable challenges. Herein, the utilization of Cr‐doped CoFe‐layered double hydroxide nanosheet array is reported on nickel‐foam (Cr‐CoFe‐LDH/NF) as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline seawater. The Cr‐CoFe‐LDH/NF catalyst can achieve current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm −2 with remarkably low overpotentials of only 334 and 369 mV, respectively. Furthermore, it maintains at least 100 h stability when operated at 500 mA cm−2.
hROS‐Responsive Behavior for Long‐Term Stability of Cellulosic Gold Nanoclusters
Authors: Yu Shanshan , Li Haoyuan , Duan Yujie , Xia Siyuan , Liu Hui , Huang Huanhuan , Zhu Hongxiang , Wang Lei , He Hui , Wang Shuangfei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the gold core‐ligand interaction in gold nanoclusters (GNCs) is essential for the on‐demand tailoring of their photoluminescence properties and long‐term stability. Here, inspired by the suckers arranged directionally on the tentacles of octopus, a series of GNCs with regulating ligand structures are grown and stabilized on the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). The carboxylated CNCs providing an electron‐rich environment to promote the luminescence of GNCs and stabilize it within a long‐term of 1 year through anchoring and diluting effects, and the highest quantum yields reaches 31.02% in ultrapure water. Interestingly, this bionic preparation strategy is generally applicable to various ligands for tailoring on‐demand hROS‐responsive and nonresponsive GNCs to construct tunable‐emission wavelength dual GNCs ratiometric probes. The results show that designing a specific ligand structure to inhibit the transformation of Au‐Au to Au (I)‐ligand in GNCs is crucial to regulate the hROS‐responsive characteristics. As expected, the interfacial compatible dual GNCs ratiometric probe with a hROS limit of detection of 0.74 µmol L−1 can diagnose certain diseases through intracellular hROS imaging. This work provides important insights for understanding the gold core‐ligand interaction in GNCs during the oxidation process triggered by intracellular hROS.
The Route into Nature: The Landscape of Mobility
Authors: Birgisdóttir Sigrún 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNature is the principal attraction cited by tourists for visiting Iceland. The diverse natural attractions in various locations across the country make mobility essential for tourism. With driving being the main mode of transport, roads become central to visitors’ experience in the growing tourism sector. This chapter argues that the road has an often overlooked role in creating an understanding of the environment. The chapter sets out by looking at roads along the key trajectory of tourism along the Golden Circle leading to the waterfall of Gullfoss and the Geysir area, by investigating roadbuilding of the past and present in the national park of Þingvellir and how roads are represented through time. Road networks are a pragmatic infrastructure for creating connections but also become meaningful for how we understand the landscape around us. With the tourism sector largely emphasising individual attractions or destinations as part of the tourist experience, this chapter shifts focus onto routes, roads and landscapes, highlighting how roads become fundamental in constructing relations to nature through the transformation of the landscape and by enabling mobilities.
Sensing the Common: On the Mobilities and Makings of Sense
Authors: Thorsteinsson Björn 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHow should we make sense of our current situation, global and local? What could such a making of sense imply? What, indeed, should we make of the notion of sense in this regard? In this chapter, in the company of Merleau-Ponty, Barad, Ingold and others, the modalities of sense are explored and deployed in interrelation with lived experiences of mobilities at the margins—of nature and culture. More specifically, such ruminations are developed from out of interactions with more-than-human actors such as seabirds nesting on offshore rocks and with concrete, decaying silos at the heart of a small fishing village in North-East Iceland. In the process, a sense will be developed of what such encounters can tell us—human sensitive, active and acted-upon beings—about the way in which we have to make sense of what we face. The ultimate aim is to think beyond tourism towards a wide-ranging notion of the coming-and-going of beings, through a situated, embodied common sense, that makes sense in the current global crisis.
Sailing the Seas of Tourism: Past, Present and Future Mobilities on the Margins
Authors: Jóhannesson Gunnar Thór 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe objective of the chapter is to trace how places are created through mobilities and tourism performances. The discussion is based on relational ontology, framing tourism as an ordering that enacts realities rather than a neatly defined industry or a sector. Hence, instead of thinking about tourism as a practice that happens within a pre-defined space it is illustrated how tourism encounters produce space. The chapter sets out from two encounters between tourists and a ship grounded at the shoreline at the shoreline of Skápadalur in Patreksfjörður, in the southern part of the Westfjords region in Iceland. The wreckage of a ship called Garðar has become an object of interest for the growing number of tourists visiting the region. The chapter traces some of the mobilities through which Garðar has contributed to the making of place, most recently through its entanglement with tourism mobilities. The story of Garðar exemplifies how places emerge through different kinds of mobilities and encounters in time and space and how tourism mobilities contribute to place making through a wide array of objects and performances.
Electromagnetic interference and the effect of low-voltage protective measures at electric vehicle charging stations
Authors: Fürnschuß Martin , Herbst Daniel , Reichel Peter , Stahleder Daniel , Auer Christian , Schmautzer Ernst , Schürhuber Robert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe nominal power of electric vehicle charging stations or charging parks is constantly increasing. Most of the users are ordinary persons and handle such equipment with a rated power of several 100 kW. Until now, equipment with such power ratings was only common in electrical operating facilities such as industrial plants where the users are at least instructed and protective measures are specified. If ordinary persons handle equipment with such power ratings in the field, the question arises as to whether the conventional safety goals are met in the event of an electrical fault. The consideration is: If the power increases so much, it can be assumed that the short-circuit power and thus the fault current increase and so does the risk of a dangerous electric shock. In this contribution, calculations of line-to-earth short-circuits on the low-voltage AC side of the three-phase system and their effects in typical configurations of charging stations are carried out. Considering the electromagnetic interference, the calculations provide the fault current and its distribution to determine the electrical potentials during the fault. From this, the (partial) fault voltages and active fault voltages are calculated. Based on the active fault voltage, the expected body impedance and consequently, the body current can be determined. With the body current and the break time of the protection device the risk of electric shock using international standards as guidelines is evaluated. As a result, recommendations for the planning, installation and safe operation of charging stations are given. It turns out that considering certain aspects like the conductor cross-sections or the electromagnetic interference, the risk of electric shock can be reduced to a conventional level. Periodic testing of the electrical system is necessary for safe and reliable operation. For example, follow-on faults due to unintended, improper use by ordinary persons can be prevented. Also, regular inspection of the electrical system is necessary for safe and reliable operation to prevent hazards due to aging or wear. However, it seems challenging to define an installation guideline that applies to all configurations as the boundary conditions vary depending on the type of system, installations in the area of interference and environmental influences.
Digitalisierung der Handsortierung durch Künstliche Intelligenz, Machine Learning und Human Machine Interaction
Authors: Aberger Julian , Khodier Karim , Sarc Renato 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Abfallwirtschaft wandelt sich zu einer produzierenden Industrie in der Kreislaufwirtschaft. Trotz Fortschritten und Optimierungen bei der automatischen sensor-basierten Sortierung bleibt die Handsortierung von Abfällen relevant. Das Projekt recAIcle hat es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die Digitalisierung der Handsortierung in der Abfallwirtschaft mithilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI), Machine Learning (ML) und Human-Machine Interaction (HMI) voranzutreiben. KI und ML haben mehrfach gezeigt, wie sie ganze Industrien und Branchen revolutionieren können. Das Projekt RecAIcle fokussiert sich auf die Kunststoff- und Batterieerkennung und -sortierung. Die Produktivität und Qualität der Handsortierung sollen dadurch gesteigert werden. Hierfür wird ein digitales Assistenzsystem, das die Sortiermitarbeiter:innen bei der Sortierentscheidung unterstützt, entwickelt. Aufgrund der speziellen Anforderungen an ein solches System wurde das Framework Design entsprechend angepasst. Für die Entwicklung dieses Systems werden fortschrittliche, lebenslang lernende ML-Modelle benötigt, welche wiederum große Mengen an hochqualitativen Trainingsdaten und Rechenleistung benötigen. Um genügend use-case-spezifische Trainingsdaten bereitstellen zu können, wurden Versuche unter kontrollierten Bedingungen im Technikumsmaßstab zur Trainingsdatenakquise durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse des Systemdesignprozesses und der ersten Trainingsdatenakquise werden in dieser Veröffentlichung präsentiert. Ebenso wird ein Ausblick auf künftige Entwicklungen und weitere geplante Versuche gegeben.
Facial pain, health-related quality of life and trismus-related symptoms up to 5 years post-radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Aghajanzadeh Susan , Karlsson Therese , Tuomi Lisa , Engström My , Finizia Caterina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Pain is a frequent symptom of head and neck cancer (HNC) but longitudinal studies investigating facial pain are scarce. We aimed to investigate prevalence of facial pain, its effect on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and trismus-related symptoms in a HNC cohort.

Methods
Patients (n = 194) were prospectively followed post completion of radiotherapy (RT). Outcome measures included facial pain, HRQL, trismus-specific symptoms, and maximal interincisal opening (MIO).

Results
Facial pain was reported by 50% at baseline. Corresponding figures for 3-, 12-, and 60 months post-RT were 70%, 54% and 41%. Moderate to severe pain was reported in 29–44% of patients reporting pain during the study period. Patients reporting pain scored significantly worse on more HRQL variables and trismus symptoms, as well as had significantly smaller MIO at all follow-up time points.

Conclusions
Facial pain was common in HNC patients pre- and post-RT and remained prevalent up to 5 years after completion of RT. Reductions in MIO were associated with more facial pain. Pain was also associated with worse HRQL.
Waste collection routing: a survey on problems and methods
Authors: Hess Christina , Dragomir Alina G. , Doerner Karl F. , Vigo Daniele 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWaste collection is a vital service performed all over the world, which heavily relies on vehicle routing. Due to regulations and local conditions, the problems and their characteristics often differ greatly. This literature survey aims to review the current state of the art overlap in waste collection and vehicle routing literature. The most notable papers are categorized according to their underlying problem type, examined and brought into relation based on their common problem characteristics. The problem types comprise general, node and arc routing problems, with vehicle routing problems being the most common, followed by arc and location routing problems. Besides the use of intermediate facilities, which is naturally very common in waste collection literature, the authors point out other interesting characteristics found in the literature and in practical problems, such as uncertain demand, personnel planning aspects, alternative collection systems or vehicle types, and characteristics related to risk or sustainability. Additionally, the authors highlight prominent scopes and objectives as well as recent developments in this area. Overall, this survey provides a selective overview and calls attention to research gaps and possible future research directions.
Lee–Carter model: assessing the potential to capture gender-related mortality dynamics
Authors: Apicella Giovanna , Di Lorenzo Emilia , Piscopo Gabriella , Sibillo Marilena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe investigate the ability of the Lee–Carter model to effectively estimate the gender gap ratio (GGR), the ratio between the male death rates over the female ones, by using a Cox–Ingersoll–Ross (CIR) process to provide a stochastic representation of the fitting errors. The novelty consists in the fact that we use the parameters characterizing the CIR process itself (long-term mean and volatility), in their intrinsic meanings, as quantitative measures of the long-term fitting attitude of the Lee–Carter model and synthetic indicators of the overall risk of this model. The analysis encompasses 25 European countries, to provide evidence-based indications about the goodness of fit of the Lee–Carter model in describing the GGR evolution. We highlight some stylized facts, namely systematic evidence about the fitting bias and the risk of the model across ages and countries. Furthermore, we perform a functional cluster analysis, allowing to capture similarities in the fitting performance of the Lee–Carter model among countries.
No foundations for metaphysical coherentism
Authors: Busse Ralf 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecently, metaphysical coherentism has been propounded as an alternative to metaphysical foundationalism and infinitism. The view replaces the picture of reality as a hierarchy of levels with that of a network of objects or facts standing in symmetric or, more generally, cyclic relations of metaphysical dependence. This paper defends the orthodox picture of a well-founded hierarchy against the claimed superiority of coherentism. First, it will be argued that alleged theoretical advantages of coherentism do not hold up to scrutiny. Secondly, examples that are claimed to support coherentism are either misdescribed as involving metaphysical interdependence, or foundationalist treatments fare at least as good and often better than coherentist interpretations. Thirdly, a similar diagnosis applies to a recently proposed coherentist interpretation of quantum entanglement. The more general diagnosis is that claims of metaphysical dependence are convincing only if there is a detailed account of how one item metaphysically explains another. While foundationalists can resort to various specific explanatory relations, coherentism seems to be incapable of providing detailed explanations.
Purinergic system in cancer stem cells
Authors: Nuñez-Rios J. D. , Ulrich H. , Díaz-Muñoz M. , Lameu C. , Vázquez-Cuevas F. G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAccumulating evidence supports the idea that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are those with the capacity to initiate tumors, generate phenotypical diversity, sustain growth, confer drug resistance, and orchestrate the spread of tumor cells. It is still controversial whether CSCs originate from normal stem cells residing in the tissue or cancer cells from the tumor bulk that have dedifferentiated to acquire stem-like characteristics. Although CSCs have been pointed out as key drivers in cancer, knowledge regarding their physiology is still blurry; thus, research focusing on CSCs is essential to designing novel and more effective therapeutics. The purinergic system has emerged as an important autocrine-paracrine messenger system with a prominent role at multiple levels of the tumor microenvironment, where it regulates cellular aspects of the tumors themselves and the stromal and immune systems. Recent findings have shown that purinergic signaling also participates in regulating the CSC phenotype. Here, we discuss updated information regarding CSCs in the purinergic system and present evidence supporting the idea that elements of the purinergic system expressed by this subpopulation of the tumor represent attractive pharmacological targets for proposing innovative anti-cancer therapies.
An infinite interval version of the α-Kakutani equidistribution problem
Authors: Pollicott Mark , Sewell Benedict 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article we extend results of Kakutani, Adler–Flatto, Smilansky and others on the classical α-Kakutani equidistribution result for sequences arising from finite partitions of the interval. In particular, we describe a generalization of the equidistribution result to infinite partitions. In addition, we give discrepancy estimates, extending results of Drmota–Infusino [8].
Many forcing axioms for all regular uncountable cardinals
Authors: Greenberg Noam , Shelah Saharon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA central theme in set theory is to find universes with extreme, well-understood behaviour. The case we are interested in is assuming GCH and having a strong forcing axiom of higher order than usual. Instead of “every suitable forcing notion of size λ has a sufficiently generic filter” we shall say “for every suitable method of producing notions of forcing based on a given stationary set, there is such a suitable stationary set S and sufficiently generic filters for the notion of forcing attached to S”. Such notions of forcing are important for Abelian group theory, but this application is delayed for a sequel.
Spotted disk and sphere graphs. II
Authors: Hamenstädt Ursula 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe disk graph of a handlebody H of genus g ≥ 2 with m ≥ 0 marked points on the boundary is the graph whose vertices are isotopy classes of disks disjoint from the marked points and where two vertices are connected by an edge of length one if they can be realized disjointly. We show that for m = 2 the disk graph contains quasi-isometrically embedded copies of ℝ2. Furthermore, the sphere graph of the doubled handlebody of genus g ≥ 4 with two marked points contains for every n ≥ 1 a quasi-isometrically embedded copy of ℝn.