bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastroesophageal reflux and PPI exposure alter gut microbiota in very young infants
Authors: Francis Denease , Chawla Anupama , LaComb Joseph F. , Markarian Katherine , Robertson Charles E. , Frank Daniel N. , Gathungu Grace N. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceInfants with symptomatic Gastroesophageal reflux are treated with pharmacological therapy that includes proton pump inhibitors (PPI) with clinical improvement. The alterations to gut microbiome profiles in comparison to infants without reflux is not known.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of PPI therapy on gut bacterial richness, diversity, and proportions of specific taxa in infants when compared to infants not exposed to acid suppressive therapy.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study was conducted at the Stony Brook Hospital in Stony Brook, NY between February 2016, and June 2019. Infants meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled in a consecutive fashion.ResultsA total of 76 Infants were recruited and 60 were enrolled in the study, Twenty nine infants met clinical criteria for reflux and were treated with PPI therapy: median [IQR] gestation: 38.0 weeks [34.7–39.6 weeks]; median [IQR] birthweight: 2.95 Kg [2.2–3.4]; 14 [46.7%] male) and 29 infant were healthy controls median [IQR] gestation: 39.1 weeks [38–40 weeks]; median [IQR] birthweight: 3.3 Kg [2.2–3.4]; 17 [58.6%] male); 58 stool samples from 58 infants were analyzed. There were differences in Shannon diversity between the reflux and control groups. The reflux group that was exposed to PPI therapy had increased relative abundance of a diverse set of genera belonging to the phylum Firmicutes. On the other hand, the control group microbiota was dominated by Bifidobacterium, and a comparatively lower level of enrichment and abundance of microbial taxa was observed in this group of infants.Conclusions and relevanceWe observed significant differences in both α- and β-diversity of the microbiome, when the two groups of infants were compared. The microbiome in the reflux group had more bacterial taxa and the duration of PPIs exposure was clearly associated with the diversity and abundance of gut microbes. These findings suggest that PPI exposure among infants results in early enrichment of the intestinal microbiome.
A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of metacognitive training for older adults with depression (MCT-Silver) in Portugal: study protocol
Authors: Pinho Lara Guedes de , Silva Celso , Fonseca César , Morgado Bruno , Lopes Manuel , Moritz Steffen , Jelinek Lena , Schneider Brooke C. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDepression is one of the most common psychological disorders in later life. Although psychological interventions are recommended by treatment guidelines, most older adults with depression remain untreated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the Portuguese version of Metacognitive Training for Depression in later life (MCT-Silver).MethodsThis is a study protocol of an observer-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of MCT-Silver with a treatment as usual (TAU) control group among older adults (age 65 years and older) with depressive symptoms according to the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale. Participants will be tested at three assessment time points (baseline, immediately following the intervention [8 weeks], and 3 months after the intervention). The primary outcome is change in self-rated depression symptoms assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Secondary outcomes include clinician-rated depression, self-esteem, dysfunctional beliefs, metacognitive beliefs, ruminations, attitudes toward aging and quality of life. A self-designed subjective appraisal rating scale consisting of 21-items will be used to assess participant acceptance of MCT-Silver.DiscussionMCT-Silver is an innovative intervention, which aims to reduce dysfunctional thoughts as well as depression-related behaviors and coping strategies through the metacognitive perspective. Until now, the training has only been tested in Germany. It is expected that after 8 weeks of treatment and 3 months later, the experimental group will demonstrate significant reductions in depressive symptoms, metacognitive beliefs, dysfunctional attitudes and ruminative responses compared to the TAU group. Moreover, quality of life, self-esteem, and attitudes towards aging will be significantly improved in MCT-Silver compared to the TAU group.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05640492.
Smoking cessation policy and treatments derived from the protective motivation of smokers: a study on graphic health warning labels
Authors: Pang Qiwei , Wang Lu , Yao Jinge , Yuen Kum Fai , Su Miao , Fang Mingjie 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionSmoking is a leading public health risk. Many countries are reducing the demand for tobacco through graphic health warning labels (GHWLs). This study aims to explore smokers’ perceptions of GHWLs and analyze the effect of GHWLs on their behavioral intentions to quit smoking.MethodsA theoretical model is designed by synthesizing protection motivation theory, an extension of the extended parallel process model, and the theory of planned behavior. We collected a cross-sectional sample of 547 anonymous smokers through a stratified random sampling strategy. GHWLs published in 2011 by the US Food and Drug Administration were used in the survey to assess smokers’ responses to them, and then the hypotheses are validated through structural equation models.ResultsThe results suggest that perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, response efficacy, and health anxiety have a significant impact on smokers’ protection motivation. Furthermore, smokers’ protection motivation directly impacts the behavioral intention to quit smoking and indirectly influences intention to quit through attitudes.DiscussionThese findings have practical implications for the implementation and improvement of GHWLs policies. Meanwhile, this study enriches the literature on public health protection measures (i.e., GHWLs) and smokers’ behavioral intention to quit smoking.
Remote crisis intervention and suicide risk management in COVID-19 frontline healthcare workers
Authors: Robles Rebeca , Infante Sara , Feria Miriam , Arango Iván , Tirado Elsa , Rodríguez-Delgado Andrés , Miranda Edgar , Fresán Ana , Becerra Claudia , Escamilla Raul , Madrigal de León Eduardo Angel 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDespite the propagation of virtual mental health services for vulnerable groups during COVID-19 pandemic, the implementation and evaluation of remote evidence-based practices (EBP) to manage them in low- and middle-income countries remains scarce. In the current study, we describe and evaluate the implementation process and clinical impact of brief, remote, manualized EBP for crisis intervention and suicide risk management among healthcare workers attending patients with COVID-19 (COVID-19-HCWs) in Mexico.MethodsThe implementation process comprised community engagement of volunteer mental health specialists, creation of new clinical teams with different disciplines and skills, intervention systematization through manuals and education through 4-h remote training as main strategies. Mexican COVID-19-HCWs who had used a free 24-h helpline rated their pre- and post-intervention emotional distress. Therapists recorded patients’ pre-intervention diagnosis, severity, and suicide risk, the techniques used in each case, and their post-treatment perception of COVID-19-HCWs’ improvement at the end of the intervention.ResultsAll techniques included in the intervention manual were employed at least in one case (n = 51). At the beginning of the intervention, 65.9% of the COVID-19-HCWs were considered moderately ill or worse according to Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scores, whereas at the end, 79.4% of them were perceived as much or very much improved according to CGI-Improvement scores (CGI-I), and their emotional distress had been significantly reduced (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionThis prospective study provides evidence that implementation of remote EBP is feasible and useful to reduce emotional distress and suicide risk among COVID-19-HCWs from a middle-income country. However, this study was limited by lack of a control group, improvement ratings provided by therapists and non-anonymous satisfaction ratings.
ICEBERG study: an indirect adjusted comparison estimating the long-term benefit of esketamine nasal spray when compared with routine treatment of treatment resistant depression in general psychiatry
Authors: Oliveira-Maia Albino J. , Morrens Joachim , Rive Benoit , Godinov Yordan , Cabrieto Jedelyn , Perualila Nolen , Barbreau Sebastien , Mulhern-Haughey Siobhán 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundTreatment resistant depression (TRD) affects 10–30% of patients with major depressive disorder. In 4-week trials, esketamine nasal spray (NS) was efficacious vs. placebo when both were initiated in addition to a new selective serotonin or serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. However, comparison with an extended range of real-world treatments (RWT) is lacking.MethodsICEBERG was an adjusted indirect treatment comparison using propensity score-based inverse probability weighting, performed on 6-month response and remission data from patients receiving esketamine NS plus oral antidepressant from the SUSTAIN-2 (NCT02497287; clinicaltrials.gov) study, compared with patients receiving other RWT from the European Observational TRD Cohort (EOTC; NCT03373253; clinicaltrials.gov) study. SUSTAIN-2 was a long-term open-label study of esketamine NS, while the EOTC was conducted at a time when esketamine NS was not available as RWT. Threshold and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess how robust the primary analyses were.ResultsPatients receiving esketamine NS had a higher probability of 6-month response (49.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 45.6–53.9]) and remission (33.6% [95% CI 29.7–37.6]) vs. patients receiving RWT (26.4% [95% CI 21.5–31.4] and 18.2% [95% CI 13.9–22.5], respectively), according to rescaled average treatment effect among treated estimates. Resulting adjusted odds ratios (OR) and relative risk (RR) favoured esketamine NS over RWT for 6-month response (OR 2.756 [95% CI 2.034–3.733], p &lt; 0.0001; RR 1.882 [95% CI 1.534–2.310], p &lt; 0.0001) and remission (OR 2.276 [95% CI 1.621–3.196], p &lt; 0.0001; RR 1.847 [95% CI 1.418–2.406], p &lt; 0.0001). Threshold analyses suggested that differences between the two studies were robust, and results were consistent across extensive sensitivity analyses.ConclusionICEBERG supports that, at 6 months, esketamine NS has a substantial and significant benefit over RWT for patients with TRD. While results may be affected by unobserved confounding factors, threshold analyses suggested these were unlikely to impact the study conclusions.To view an animated summary of this publication, please click on the Supplementary video.
Guiding principles for the implementation of a standardized psychological autopsy to understand and prevent suicide: a stakeholder analysis
Authors: Balt Elias , Heesen Karlijn , Popma Arne , Gilissen Renske , Mérelle Saskia , Creemers Daan 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAround 700,000 people die by suicide each year. While the global number of suicides declined over the last decade, the rates remained unchanged in the Netherlands. With this study, we aimed to provide guiding principles for the implementation of a national standardized psychological autopsy to better understand and prevent suicide, by exploring stakeholder perceptions and needs, and barriers to implementation.MethodsWe interviewed 47 representative stakeholders from various fields (e.g., mental healthcare professionals, policy advisors, researchers). A semi structured interview design was used, based on the RE-AIM and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) theoretical frameworks.ResultsThemes relating to stakeholder perceptions and needs for a standardized psychological autopsy included valorization, accountability, integrability and the needs of the bereaved. Stakeholders believed that participation in a psychological autopsy can help bereaved in their process of grief but noted that evidence to frame the psychological autopsy as postvention is insufficient. The primary focal point should accordingly be to better understand and prevent suicide. Several key limitations of the proposed psychological autopsy approach were detailed, both methodological and implementational.ConclusionThe stakeholder analysis delineates guiding principles for implementation. Stakeholders believe that a standardized psychological autopsy has merit, provided that key considerations, including valorization and accountability, are integrated in its design. Routine evaluation should be ensured. The findings may guide policy makers and researchers in their endeavors to support a learning, community-based approach for suicide prevention based on a standardized psychological autopsy.
Light Scattering through a Drying Coating
Authors: Antonelli Riccardo , Kodger Thomas E. 
Published: October 2023

Drying coatings undergo internal dynamic densification and rearrangement, which are challenging to discern with optical techniques due to their multiple scatterings of light. Experiments such as diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) and laser speckle imaging (LSI) leverage these multiple scatterings to reveal the in situ dynamics of the coating. In such experiments, the knowledge of the sample volume that can be accessed and therefore studied is fundamental, especially in cases of micrometer-scale coating thicknesses. In this paper, we present a robust and reliable method using transmission geometry to calculate the parameter l*, defined as the transport light mean-free path, which is strongly related to the volume of the sample that light explores in DWS and LSI experiments. We show how this dynamic parameter can be measured for liquid and solid film samples and, crucially, in the case of time-evolving samples, such as drying coatings of paint or ink, which has not been previously explored. We present a series of model ink samples and discuss the evolution of their densification during drying through quantification of dynamic l*.
Evaluation of oral biotics’ effectiveness for home oral care
Authors: Vinnik A. V. , Kostionova-Ovod I. A. , Appolonova Yu. Yu. , Yudina Ya. S. 
Published: October 2023

Relevance. The incidence of oral mucosal diseases is nowadays increasing. Inflammatory periodontal diseases are common in dental practice and occupy second place worldwide among oral diseases.Purpose. The study aimed to analyze ‘Denta Balance’, an oral synbiotic complex, and ‘Lesnoy balsam’, a mouthwash, as home care products treating inflammatory periodontal diseases and halitosis.Material and methods. The study included 40 patients aged 18 to 28 y.o., of which 10 were males (25%) and 30 females (75%). They randomly formed two groups. The age in Group 1 was 23.0 ± 2.5 years and in Group 2 – 24.0 ± 3.2 years. In all patients, we assessed the Fedorov-Volodkina hygiene index and papilla bleeding index (PBI, Saxer & Mühlemann, 1975) before and after oral care product use. All patients formed two groups, 20 patients in each group. The fi group used a spray and powder for oral administration containing synbiotic complex; Group 2 used a natural-phytoncide mouthwash as an oral care product. Besides dental status assessment, we conducted a survey where we collected dental history. The main survey criteria were tooth sensitivity, halitosis, dry mouth, tenderness around the gums, bleeding on brushing, eating or spontaneous bleeding. We also asked the patients to assess the one-month effect of synbiotic-complex products and natural-phytoncide mouthwash.Results. The use of products showed a positive effect in both groups, i.e., tenderness around the gums, tooth sensitivity, and halitosis disappeared; bleeding on brushing and spontaneous bleeding significantly decreased; the gum colour returned to normal. The dental status index assessment confirmed the effectiveness of the treatment: the hygiene index insignificantly improved after the treatment; periodontal indices changed for the better.Conclusion. The study noticed a positive effect of Denta balance, a spray with a probiotic for bleeding gums, and Denta balance FRESHeffect, a probiotic for fresh breath, included in the protocol of inflammatory periodontal disease and halitosis treatment.
DAMPAK INTERVENSI EDUKASI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN KETERAMPILAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENGELOLA NYERI PADA ANAK DENGAN KANKER
Authors: Pujiharti Imelda , Allenidekania A , Hayati Happy 
Published: October 2023

Introduction pain in children suffers from cancer gives effect in short term and long term. Most parents do not know how to assess pain in children. They have not used a pain scale based on children age to measure pain. Health education pain management has not been structured for patients so the given information is not optimal. The purpose this study aims to identify the impact of education intervention to the parent’s knowledge, attitudes, and skills in managing pain of children suffers from cancer. This research method This study used a quasi-experimental with one group pretest-posttest. The sample was 29 people in RSAB Harapan Kita and Gatot Subroto Army Hospital, taken by consecutive sampling. The data was analyzed by McNemar and Chi Square. The results showed a significant difference in the aspect of knowledge, attitudes and skills of parent in the pain management of children before and after health education (knowledge, p = 0.001; Attitudes, p = 0.001 and skill, p < 0.001). The conclusion characteristics of parents associated with the knowledge and attitudes who have children suffers from cancer is pain management experience. Suggestions recommendation for this study is the health education about pain management should be carried out intensively.
HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN DENGAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF LANSIA DI WILAYAH RW 03 KELURAHAN JATIMURNI
Authors: Rahayu Diah Tri , Subekti Kusdiah Eny 
Published: October 2023

Gangguan kognitif merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada golongan usia lanjut. Adanya penurunan fungsi kognitif berpengaruh terhadap penurunan fungsi otak. Al-Qur’an merupakan As-Syifa yaitu obat penyembuh dari berbagai penyakit. Membaca dapat menjadi salah satu aktifitas yang mampu mempengaruhi fungsi kognitif seseorang. Berobat dengan Al-Qur’an adalah perkara yang sudah ditetapkan dalam syariat. Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan intensitas membaca Al-Qur’an dengan fungsi kognitif lansia. Metode penelitian jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi berjumlah 102 lansia. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia yang bisa membaca Al-Qur’an yang berjumlah 51 orang, teknik penganbilan sampel yang digunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis yang digunakan univariat dan bivariat menggunakan fishers exact dengan α =5%. Hasil Penelitian didapatkan intensitas membaca Al-Qur’an dengan Fungsi kognitif lansia dengan p value = 0,000 dengan nilai Cmax tingkat keeratan 0,734 yang berarti kuat. Simpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara intensitas membaca Al-Qur’an dengan fungsi kognitif lansia di wilayah RW 03 Kelurahan Jatimurni. Saran lansia diharapkan aktif membaca Al-Qur’an setiap harinya baik sebelum shalat fardhu maupun setelah shalat fardhu minimal dengan intensitas waktu kurang lebih 5 menit.
PENGARUH THERAPI CUPPING (BEKAM) TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH TINGGI (HYPERTENSI ) DI KLINIK PRATAMA INTERMEDICA KOTA BEKASI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Al Anshori Fauzan , Fatimah Siti 
Published: October 2023

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang makin banyak dijumpai di Indonesia yang menyebabkan kematian utama ketiga di Indonesia untuk semua umur (7,4%). Penyakit ini merupakan faktor risiko yang besar untuk serangan jantung, stroke, dan gagal jantung. Pengobatan hipertensi dapat dilakukan dengan pengobatan farmakologis, nonfarmakologis dan komplementer. Penyakit hipertensi harus segera ditangani, salah satunya dengan pengobatan komplementer yaitu bekam. Bekam merupakan suatu metode pengobatan penyakit dengan cara mengeluarkan angina atau darah kotor dari dalam tubuh melalui permukaan kulit. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi bekam terhadap tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Metode penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 27 responden yang dilakukan di klinik Klinik Pratama Intermedica dengan melakukan 1 kali intervensi bekam. Hasil penelitian uji statistik ditemukan adanya perubahan pada tekanan darah yaitu terjadi penurunan dengan selisih nilai mean pada sistol (18,52) dan diastol (11,48). Uji statistik yang menggunakan uji Wilcoxon pada sistol dan diastol menunjukan nilai (p=0,000) yang berarti nilai p<0,05 Simpulan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terapi bekam terhadap perubahan tekan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Klinik Pratama Intermedica. Saran Peneliti mengharapkan untuk penelitian selanjutnya manfaat terapi bekam untuk penyakit lainnya dan dijadikan tindakan keperawatan pengobatan komplementer untuk pasien hipertensi yang dapat digunakan masyarakat.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP CARINGPERAWAT PADA RUANG RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT MEDISTRA JAKARTA
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Marni Nani 
Published: October 2023

Caring where nurses work to further increase their care for their clients. Purposeresearch is to find out whether there is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of nurses in the inpatient room of Medistra Hospital, Jakarta. Research Methodsdescriptive research method, the number of population is 55 people. Samples were taken using the Rurposive Sanmpling technique as many as 30 respondents. The analysis used univariate and bivariate using chi-square with α =0,5. Result showed a relationship between knowledge and caring attitudes of nurses in the inpatient room of the Medistra Jakarta hospital (p value 0.032).. Conclusion this research shows there is a relationship between knowledge and nurse caring attitudes. in the inpatient room at the Medistra hospital. Suggestion for this study are expected to provide information about the goodness of knowledge with caring attitudes to nurses.
Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis Praktikum di MI Ngadirejo 1
Authors: Huda Nurul , Fatonah Siti 
Published: October 2023

<p>Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi pentingnya kegiatan praktikum dalam proses pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian di MI Ngadirejo 1 dengan subjek penelitian guru IPA dan siswa kelas 4,5,6. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran IPA berbasis praktik di MI Ngadirejo 1 telah dilaksanakan mulai dari kelas 4 hingga kelas 6. Siswa merasa senang dengan adanya kegiatan praktikum yang dilaksanakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Adapun kegiatan praktikum yang dilaksanakan di MI Ngadirejo 1 diantaranya adalah praktik membuat layang-layang, praktik materi pesawat sederhana, praktik mengenai makanan, magnet, disperse cahaya, mengenal ciri khas tumbuhan, membuat telepon gelas plastik dari kaleng bekas, praktik tentang telur atau mengenal hukum mengapung dan tenggelam, daur ulang kertas koran. Sedangkan kendala dalam kegiatan praktikum yang dialami oleh guru dan siswa yaitu terkendala dalam menyiapkan alat atau bahan penelitian serta alokasi waktu yang terbatas. Hasil temuan penelitian ini dapat memberikan temuan baru serta mendukung penelitian terdahulu terkait pentingnya praktikum dalam pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar.</p>