bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Persediaan Barang Dagang Dengan Mmetode EOQ (Economic Order Quantiti) pada UMKM GMS Shahirly di Cilamaya, Karawang
Authors: Dicky Sulistiya Harta Wijaya  , Imas Wulansari  , Khoerul Ambiya  , Riani Wulandari  , Ujang Suherman  
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil dari penerapan Metode EOQ (Economic Order Quantity). Apakah hasil ada perbedaan anatar metode EOQ (Economi Order Quantity) dengan metode yang dilakukan pemilik UMK GMS Shahirly. Selain itu Metode EOQ digunakan untuk mengetahui jumlah biaya pemesanan dan biaya penerimaan serta jumlah barang ataupun bahan baku seminimal munkin dan memenuhi permintaan pasar yang ada. Hal ini sesuai dengan pernyataan Fahmi (2016:120) dalam (Lyman, 2023) menyatakan bahwa EOQ merupakan model matematik yang menentukan jumlah barang yang harus dipesan demi memenuhi permintaan dan biaya persediaan yang diminimalkan.
MERANIE VPLYVU ZNALOSTÍ NA VÝKONNOSŤ A EFEKTIVITU ORGANIZÁCIE
Authors: Šimúth Jozef , Zacharová Andrea 
Published: December 2023

Rýchlo sa meniace podmienky v podnikateľskom prostredí nútia organizácie k neustálym inováciám. Informácie a znalosti sa v rámci organizácie stávajú rozhodujúcimi faktormi ovplyvňujúcimi výkonnosť organizácie. Organizácie preto potrebujú poznať najvhodnejší spôsob merania znalosti, ktoré ich zamestnanci majú ako aj vplyv týchto znalostí na výkonnosť organizácie. V prvej časti tejto prehľadovej štúdie definujeme znalosti a vysvetlíme psychologické procesy v získavaní, uchovávaní a vyhľadávaní vedomostí. Popisujeme tacitné a explicitné znalosti a metódy ich merania. Popisujeme najčastejšie používané metódy, ktoré sú vhodné na meranie výkonnosti organizácie na finančnom a nefinančnom základe. Následne vysvetľujeme prístup k meraniu vedomostí na princípe včelieho úľa. Tento prístup môže byť užitočný pri poukázaní na kľúčové aspekty merania znalostí zamestnancov a ich vplyvu na výkon celej organizácie a popisujeme potencionálne najdôležitejšie predpoklady, oblasti a prístupy k meraniu znalostí vychádzajúci z jednotlivých popísaných metód.
SANKCIONOVÁNÍ MLADISTVÝCH PACHATELŮ – 20 LET ÚČINNOSTI ZSM
Authors: Coufalová Bronislava 
Published: December 2023

Zákon č. 218/2003 Sb., o odpovědnosti mládeže za protiprávní činy a o soudnictví ve věcech mládeže a o změně některých zákonů vstoupil dne 1. 1. 2023 již do dvacátého roku své účinnosti. Jak se doposud ukazuje, tak zásadní problém v otázce sankcionování mladistvých netkví v nedostatcích právní úpravy jako takové, ale v jejím využívání ze strany české aplikační praxe. Cílem tohoto příspěvku je navázat na monografii autorů Ščerby a Coufalové z roku 2016 a zjistit, zda rozhodnutí českých soudů pro mládež v otázce sankcionování mladistvých pachatelů zaznamenala od roku 2015 nějaký výraznější posun ve smyslu přiklonění se k aplikaci ustanovení § 3 odst. 2 ZSM, které stanoví, že trestní opatření lze použít pouze tehdy, jestliže zvláštní způsoby řízení a opatření, zejména obnovující narušené sociální vztahy a přispívající k předcházení protiprávním činům, by zřejmě nevedly k dosažení účelu tohoto zákona.
comparative study of multiparous and grand multiparous women in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Attah RA  , Muhammed Z  , Abubakar S  
Published: December 2023

Background: Traditionally, grandmultiparity has been considered to be an obstetric risk to both the mother and the fetus. Cases of grandmultiparity are common in the developing countries, where compounding factors such as low socioeconomic levels, female illiteracy, social deprivation and lack of access to modern family planning services are common.
Objectives: This study is aimed at determining the prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of grandmultiparous(GMP) women and multiparous(MP) women, the complications they may have during labour and delivery.
Study Design: A 5-year retrospective study from 1st September, 2007 to 31st August, 2012 in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. All the grandmultiparous and multiparous women were included. The unbooked patient and patients who booked but did not deliver in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital were excluded from the study. Their records were collected from the labour ward and Patients' case files were retrieved, studied and recorded in a proforma. Data analysis was done using Epi info version 3.5 statistical software (CDC Atlanta,Georgia,USA) and proportions were compared using the Chi square test where applicable with level of significance considered at a P-value of <0.05.
Results: During the study period, a total of 19,456 parturient were delivered in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, out of which 3364 (17.3%) were grandmultiparous, 9038 (46.4%) were multiparous and 7054(36.3%) were primiparous. There were more labour and neonatal complications with GMP than MP with statistically significant difference P<0.05. Most of the maternal and neonatal deaths occurred among the GMP with statistically significant difference P < 0.05.
Conclusion: Grandmultiparity poses a great challenge in our obstetric practice, with its attendant high maternal and perinatal complications. Concerted efforts should be directed toward reducing high parity in the community through effective family planning initiatives, improved antenatal care attendance and provision of skilled birth attendants.
Socio-demographic factors influencing contraceptive practice among married women attending the family planning clinic of UUTH, Uyo, south-south Nigeria
Authors: Iyanam VE  , Udonwa NE  , Udoh SB  
Published: December 2023

Background:Contraception is a topical issue globally considering its enormous benefits to individual users, families, communities, nations and the world at large. Its practice, especially among married women, is influenced by several factors at different settings. This study was done to find out the socio-demographic factors influencing the practice of contraception among married women age 15-49 years attending the family planning clinic of the University of Uyo Teaching hospital, Uyo, South-South Nigeria and to identify sources of information on contraception among the married women.Method: This was a cross sectional descriptive study involving 165 married women aged 15-49 years who attended the family planning clinic of UUTH, Uyo, between May and September 2013, recruited through simple random sampling technique. A semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic factors and sources of information on contraception among the respondents. The data obtained were analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 17.0.Results: The mean age of the subjects were 32.22(±5.56). Results obtained showed that higher contraceptive use was found among older women, higher educational level, higher employment status, higher income level, husbands higher educational and employment status, urban residence, lower parity, Christian faith and mixed sexes of the respondents children. However, only parity (P=0.001) and Christian religious grouping (P=0.000) had statistically significant influence on contraceptive practices among the married women. Most respondents (76.9%) obtained their contraceptive information from health care wokers while IUCD was the most preferred method of contraception (38.2%).Conclusion: Contraceptive use among married women in the study is mainly influenced by their high social status. There is need therefore to step up information propagation to women across all social classes if the benefits of contraceptive use are to be achieved in the society.
Accuracy of trans-thoracic echocardiography as a pericardial diseases diagnostic tool
Authors: Ekpe EE  , Anyanwu CH  
Published: December 2023

SummaryA prospective comparison of pre-operative trans-thoracic echocardiographic findings with intra-operative findings of 17 patients operated on for pericardial diseases showed excellent correlation for pericardial calcification and adhesion, and for myo-cardial atrophy, and good correlation for pericardial thickening, constriction and effusion respectively. This excellent correlation identified high-risk cases that should have heart-lung machine kept on the stand-by during operation of peri-cardiectomy in event of iatrogenic cardiac chamber laceration.
KeywordsPre-operative transthoracic echocardiography, pericarditis, correlation.
Gestational age at first antenatal visit in Uyo, Nigeria
Authors: Umoh AV  , Umoiyoho AJ  , Abasiattai AM  , Bassey EA  , James SR  
Published: December 2023

Context: Antenatal care is a very important component of obstetric care and early booking for it offers a lot of advantages. This study aims to determine the gestational age at first antenatal care visits in our environment.Materials and method: This is a cross-sectional study of women presenting for antenatal care at University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo Nigeria.Results: During the period under review, five hundred and twenty six (526) pregnant women were seen. The mean age was 27.29 ± 5.26 years while the mean parity was 1.56 ± 1.68. The mean gestational age at booking was 23.92 ± 7.17 weeks with a range of 4 39 weeks. There was a significant association between the gestational age at booking and parity as the gestational age at booking tended to increase with increasing parity (p<0.05). The level of education, religion and age however, appeared to have no significant effect on the gestational age at booking (p>0.05).Conclusion: Many of our women still book late for antenatal care. There is need to intensify public enlightenment as well as health education on the importance of early antenatal booking in order to reverse this trend.
comparative study of two surgical management methods for cervical incompetence at University College Hospital, Ibadan
Authors: Oladokun A  , Adesina OA  , Odukogbe AA  , Morhason-Bello IO  , Adewole IF  
Published: December 2023

BackgroundIncompetence of the internal uterine cervical os is associated with recurrent pregnancy loss. Different surgical techniques are in practice to correct the defect. Objective: The objective of this study therefore was to review the outcome of pregnancies following cervical using either of the two procedure among patients diagnosed as having incompetence of the cervix.
MethodsA comparative study of 2 standard methods of cerclage used in our hospital, McDonald & Shirodkar, in a group of 80 patients was done. All the patients had cervical cerclage insertion done between the 14th & 16th weeks of gestation using either of the two methods.
ResultsThere was no significant morbidity with either of the 2 methods. The overall success rates, as measured by continuation of the pregnancy to term, were smilar.
ConclusionBoth methods of cervical cerclage are equally effective in producing the desired outcome, but since the McDonald method is technically simpler to perform, it may be desirable to adopt this approach more frequently.
Subumbilical midline incision versus pfannenstiel incision for caesarean section
Authors: Orji  EO  , Olaleye OA  
Published: December 2023

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the type of skin incision for Caesarean Section on the incision-delivery interval, and fetomaternal outcome.Methods: A quasi-experimental study with convenient sampling involving two groups of women who underwent primary lower segment transverse caesarean section. Standard surgical techniques were used in both groups except the technique of skin incision: subumbilical midline or Pfannenstiel. A comparison of the two groups were made with regard to incision delivery interval, duration of surgery, day of oral intake, day of ambulation, duration of hospital stay, wound infection and estimated blood loss. Data was managed using SPSS software. Chi-Square test and Student t-test were used for analysis. P value was placed at P<0.05.Results: 200 women were studied (96 allocated to subumbilical midline and 104 to Pfannenstiel group). There were no significant differences between both groups in terms of incision delivery interval and duration of surgery. Those with Pfannenstiel incision were significantly associated with early oral intake, early ambulation, shorter duration of hospital stay and reduced risk of wound infection (P=0.001). Neonatal Apgar scores were better in Pfannenstiel group.Conclusion: Pfannenstiel skin incision is associated with less morbidity and earlier recovery.
Indications for and outcome of diabetic admissions at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo
Authors: Unadike B  , Essien I  , Akpan NA  , Peters EJ  , Ekott JU  
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The morbidity and mortality pattern in persons with Diabetes mellitus(DM) is not well documented in Uyo. This study therefore set out to determine the morbidity and mortality pattern amongst patients with Diabetes Mellitus at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital Uyo, Nigeria over four consecutive years (June 2004 to June 2008).
Methods:This study was a retrospective study. Data were obtained from the records in the medical wards registers. The records included admission and discharge records as well as outcome of the individual cases. Data extracted included age, sex, indication for admission and outcome.
Results:A total of 407 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were admitted during the period under review. Uncontrolled DM was the commonest indication for admission accounting for 253(62.2%) of the total admissions. Hyperglycaemic emergencies (diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglyceamic hyperosmolar state) accounted for 76(18.7%) of the total admissions.The overall mortality rate in the diabetic patients was 33(8.1%). Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state(HHS) was the commonest cause of death accounting for 8( 24.2%) of the total deaths recorded. The fatality rate for HHS was 8(30.3%) and for Diabetic ketoacidosis was 5( 10.2%,).
Conclusion:Diabetes mellitus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Uyo. Adequate diabetic education needs to be given to diabetic patients to enable them cope with their illness to prevent the poor outcome associated with the disease.
Contraceptive trends in a tertiary facility in north western Nigeria: A 10 year review
Authors: Zakari M  , Gobir M  
Published: December 2023

Background: Of all the direct influences on fertility, contraceptive use is the single most important factor for reproductive health policy makers and program managers. Increase in its use, accounted for the largest proportion of fertility decline worldwide including the sub-Saharan region
Objective: To determine the trends of contraceptive use and the preferred method of contraception among the clients visiting the family planning clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano.
Study design: This is a retrospective descriptive study, involving all acceptors of contraceptive methods from January 1999 and December 2009 in the family planning unit of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, North western Nigeria.
Results The injectable contraceptives were used the most by the clients (6878) while the least number of the clients (208) used the implants. Female sterilization, however, contributed about 3%, to the contraceptive method, while male condom and implants each had the smallest contribution of about 2.5% and 1.9% respectively. No man had vasectomy over the 10-year period. Conclusion: There is an increase in the trend of contraceptive use over the study period. Injectable contraceptives are the most commonly used method in this study.
Learning mode preferences of obstetrics and gynaecology students of Imo State University, Owerri
Authors: Ezem BU  , Okeudo C  
Published: December 2023

Background:Medical students are required to acquire a lot of knowledge during their course. This information is delivered via many teaching modes. It is desirable to determine which of these modes are most effective in transferring knowledge.Method:This was a questionnaire study of sixty one students doing their obstetrics and gynaecology rotation in Imo state University Teaching hospital Orlu.Results:Only 58 of the students returned the questionnaires. The mean age of the students was 27.4+/-2.43 and they had spent between eight and nine years. Clinics contributed most (26.8%) to the knowledge acquired by students. It was followed by ward rounds and ,books 14.3% each, resident doctors 13% and lectures 12.9%. Internet and theater sessions contributed very little. Although many deficiencies were identified 56 (96.6%) of the students scored the posting at least satisfactory.Conclusion:There is a need to place more emphasis on clinics and ward rounds which are considered very effective by the students. The relatively ineffective lectures could be improved by making all medical teachers undergo teaching courses. Activities like theater sessions which consume a lot of time but impart very little knowledge should be modified while cheaper internet facilities should be provided.
hospital-based survey of small arms injuries in a community in Nigeria
Authors: Inyang UC  , Ofoegbu CKP  
Published: December 2023

Background: Some reports on small arms from Nigeria have been published, most of which are retrospective studies.Objective: To present a 12 month prospective survey of small arms injuries with a view to adding to the body of knowledge on this subject.Methods: A prospective study and analysis of all patients admitted for gunshot injuries (GSI) at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo Nigeria between September 2010 and August 2011. Data collected include: age, sex, occupation, whether GSI was intentional or unintentional, type of gunshot, circumstances surrounding the injury, sites of injury (single or multiple) and the eventual outcome.Results: There were 64 patients in all, 61 males and three females (M: F=20:1).Peak age was 21-30 years, predominantly students by occupation (21, 32.8%), 53(82.8%) were intentional while 11 (17.2%) were unintentional. There were nine high velocity GSI while 55 (86%) were low velocity GSI. Armed robbers fired 30 victims (46.9%) while students' cultists fired eight (12.5%). The regions were single in 45 (70.3%) while 19 were multiple (29.7%). The lower extremities were involved 19 times, head and neck nine, upper extremities nine, chest four, abdomen and pelvis four where single site injuries occurred. There were seven deaths, three of whom had abdominal GSI, two in the extremities from exsanguination and one multiple regions GSI including the abdomen.Conclusion: This study has highlighted the male and armed robbery factor in intentional gunshot injuries and these calls for strategies to ensure safer communities.
Prevalence of pain in hospitalized cancer patients in a Nigerian teaching hospital
Authors: Makama JG  , Khalid L  , Garba ES  , Mshelia DB  
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Cancer has always been an important cause of pain in medical practice. In a specialized setting such as hospice, palliative care unit and hospital where such patients could receive adequate pain care, as many as 90.0% of cancer patients usually report pain relief. Therefore, the aim of this report is to determine the prevalence of pain in hospitalized cancer patients in our environmentMETHODS: This is a cross sectional study involving adult cancer patients, who were hospitalized in surgical wards of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, in the month of June, 2009. Patients completed a structured questionnaire regarding the presence or absence of pain, its degree of severity, treatment protocol he/she was currently on. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 11.5.RESULTS: In the month of June, 2009, a total of 67cancer patients were admitted in both male and female surgical wards. There were 27 (40.3%) males and 40 (59.7%) females. Age range was 17-75years (44.9mean). Fifty eight (86.6%) of the cancer patients admitted having pain as at the time of the study while 9(13.4%) had no pain. Assessment of the form of analgesia commonly used for cancer patients, revealed that 25(37.3%) were on Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), 18(26.9%) were not on any form of analgesia, 17(25.4%) were on weak opioids while 7(10.4%) were on strong opioids.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of pain in hospitalized cancer patients in our environment is high and NSAIDs are the analgesic agents that are commonly used in them. Analgesia should be dictated and proportional to the intensity of pain in these patients.
Frequency of four-rooted molars in 1,775 extracted upper molar teeth: A biological explanation of this challenging clinical anomaly
Authors: Madukwe IU  
Published: December 2023

Background: Tooth development starts after the rupture of the buccopharyngeal membrane, establishing communication with the primitive digestive tract. Tooth development undergoes descriptive stages of initiation, bud, cap, bell and apposition. Root formation begins after crown formation by the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath.Methodology: The study material was the extracted 1,775 upper molar teeth. Each tooth was examined for the occurrence of four roots, using the clinical index for upper molar; possession of three roots; an extra root is an anomaly. The normal positions of the roots are two buccally and one palatal root.Result: Out of a total of 1,775 upper molar teeth examined 8 (0.451%) were four-rooted. This makes a frequency of 0.451%.Conclusion: We conclude that endodontist should have a pre-knowledge of anatomic variation in root canals, especially an awareness and understanding of the possible presence of an additional root and unusual root canal morphology. This is essential in determining the successful outcome of endodontic treatment.
Seasonal variation and socio-demographic factors affecting child- birth in Zaria, north-western Nigeria
Authors: Katung GK  , Randawa AJ  
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUNDThe high maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries can be linked to the skewed manpower distribution and inadequate planning and provision of maternal health services. An understanding of the seasonal variation and effect of social as well as demographic factors on monthly birth rates will help decision makers in the allocation of scarce human and material resources to coincide with periods of high childbirth rates.
OBJECTIVESThis study was carried out to determine the frequency of monthly childbirth and factors that affect such variations.
METHODSIt was a cross sectional retrospective study of delivery records at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching hospital, Zaria from January 2009 to December 2011. Data was collected manually and analysed using SPSS version 20.0
RESULTSThere were a total of 5015 deliveries over the study period with a yearly average of 1670. Forty five percent (45%) of parturient were aged between 25 30 years while 46.3% of them were primiparous. A bimodal distribution of peak birth rate was observed in months of March to May, and September to October respectively. There was a significant association between parity and monthly variation of childbirth which was more for primiparous women (rs= 0.01, α <0.05).
CONCLUSIONThere was an observed increase in the birth rate around the rainy and harmattan seasons. This knowledge can aid planning of health manpower distribution in order to ensure adequate coverage around these periods.