bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspiration cytology diagnosis of a primary amyloid tumor of thoracic vertebra: A case report
Authors: Manucha Varsha , Arora Vinod K. , Singh Navjeevan , Bhatia Arati 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIsolated primary amyloid tumor of bone is rare; however, preoperative diagnosis can be rewarding because the prognosis is excellent. There are no clinical or roentgenographic criteria that can establish this diagnosis. There are few previous reports of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) where diagnosis of amyloidoma was made retrospectively. They describe the presence of extracellular hyaline material along with plasma cells and lymphocytes. A 35‐year‐old female was referred to the FNA clinic with swelling in the right upper chest wall. Radiologic findings revealed a destructive lytic lesion involving the bodies of D1 and D2 vertebrae with extension into surrounding soft tissue. Repeated FNA smears were hypocellular but had abundant homogeneous flocculent material, which stained positive with Congo red. A few plasma cells and foreign‐body giant cells were also seen. We conclude that preoperative FNA cytology diagnosis of amyloid tumor is possible. Hypocellular smears with flocculent material, plasma cells, and foreign‐body giant cells in absence of granulation tissue should suggest the diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;29:160–162. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytohistologic correlations in angiosarcoma including classic and epithelioid variants: Institut Curie's experience
Authors: Klijanienko Jerzy , Caillaud Jean‐Michel , Lagacé Réal , Vielh Philippe 
Published: September 2003

AbstractTo characterize the cytological features of angiosarcomas, we reviewed the fine‐needle aspiration material and corresponding histologic sections of 29 tumors in 23 patients. Histologically, 24 tumors were of the classic type, and 5 were epithelioid angiosarcomas. The original corresponding cytologic diagnoses were as follows: angiosarcoma, 17 cases; sarcoma not otherwise specified, 8 cases; and rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 case. Three samples were cell‐poor and were considered suspicious of malignancy. The review of cytology samples showed that smears were cell‐rich in 17 tumors and cell‐poor in 12 tumors. A hemorrhagic background was present in 9 cases. Tumor cells were polymorphous, including spindle‐shaped, round to oval, and polygonal epithelioid cells and giant cells in different proportions. Erythrophagocytosis was seen in 12 tumors. Smears of classic angiosarcomas were polymorphous and lacking specific characteristics, whereas smears of epithelioid tumors were morphologically similar and composed of round to oval and polygonal, epithelial cells frequently arranged in clusters, and showing erythrophagocytosis. The wide spectrum of cellular components of angiosarcomas accounts for the difficulty in establishing accurate tumor typing, particularly with cell‐poor samples and low‐grade classic angiosarcoma. Entities to consider in the differential diagnosis are carcinoma, epithelioid sarcoma, pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant melanoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;29:140–145. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Essential oils from three Myrcia species
Authors: Zoghbi Maria das Graças B. , Andrade Eloisa Helena A. , da Silva Milton Helio L , Carreira Léa Maria M. , Maia José Guilherme S. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe oils of three samples of the leaves and ﬁne stems of Myrcia bracteata, M. cuprea and M. sylvatica were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC–MS. The main compounds found in the oils of M. bracteata were (E)‐nerolidol (80.8%) for the sample B‐1; (E)‐β‐farnesene (33.9%) for the sample B‐2; and spathulenol (31.0%) for the sample B‐3. The oils of M. cuprea were dominated by myrcene (48.1%) and β‐caryophyllene (19.9%) in the sample C‐1; by β‐caryophyllene (39.1%), myrcene (19.2%) and α‐pinene (15.9%) in the sample C‐2; and by β‐caryophyllene (38.1%), germacrene D (21.8%) and germacrene B (19.5%) in the sample C‐3. The major constituents identiﬁed in the oils of M. sylvatica were selin‐11‐en‐4‐α‐ol (24.7%), caryophyllene oxide (16.6%) and spathulenol (13.8%) in the sample S‐1; by cis‐calamenene (30.1%) and spathulenol (18.7%) in the sample S‐2; and by spathulenol (40.2%) and β‐bisabolene (14.7%) in the sample S‐3. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Whole‐embryo culture of E5.5 mouse embryos: Development to the gastrulation stage
Authors: Miura Shigeto , Mishina Yuji 
Published: September 2003

AbstractSummary: This study reports establishment of an in vitro culture system for E5.5 mouse embryos that supports development to the gastrulation stage and allows the use of experimental approaches to study gastrulation during mouse embryogenesis. Recent experiments suggest that the extraembryonic tissues may play a critical role for gastrulation from as early as E5.5. To apply whole embryo culture to E5.5 embryos and analyze gastrulation, it is essential to optimize the conditions so that most of the embryos develop to the gastrulation stage in culture. For this purpose, we established a protocol in which embryos were isolated using micromanipulator and cultured with 50–75% rat serum. Although cultured embryos tended to grow a larger extraembryonic portion, more than 80% of them developed the primitive streak and induce mesoderm, which corresponds to the mid‐streak stage. genesis 37:38–43, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ectodysplasin regulates pattern formation in the mammalian hair coat
Authors: Zhang Min , Brancaccio Anna , Weiner Lorin , Missero Caterina , Brissette Janice L. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractSummary: In mammalian skin, hair follicles develop at regular intervals and with site‐specific morphologies. This process generates distinct patterns of hair, but the mechanisms that establish these patterns remain largely unknown. Here we present evidence of follicular patterning by ectodysplasin‐A1 (Eda‐A1), a signaling protein necessary for the proper development of hair and other appendages. In transgenic mice, Eda‐A1 was targeted to the epithelial compartment of the developing skin. At periodic locations, multiple hair follicles were induced side by side, without any interfollicular space. These follicles grew into the dermis as a fusion and subsequently branched to create discrete stalks and hair bulbs. Thus, at sites where interfollicular skin normally forms, hair follicles developed instead. This result shows that Eda‐A1 can regulate basic developmental decisions, as cells were switched from interfollicular to follicular fates. Given these effects, it is likely that Eda‐A1 is among the key regulators of pattern formation in the skin. genesis 37:30–37, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pharmacological sensitivity of ATP release triggered by photoliberation of inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphate and zero extracellular calcium in brain endothelial cells
Authors: Braet Katleen , Aspeslagh Sandrine , Vandamme Wouter , Willecke Klaus , Martin Patricia E. M. , Evans W. Howard , Leybaert Luc 
Published: September 2003

AbstractRecently, ATP has gained much interest as an extracellular messenger involved in the communication of calcium signals between cells. The mechanism of ATP release is, however, still a matter of debate. In the present study we investigated the possible contribution of connexin hemichannels or ion channels in the release of ATP in GP8, a rat brain endothelial cell line. Release of ATP was triggered by photoactivation of InsP3 or by reducing the extracellular calcium concentration. Both trigger protocols induced ATP release significantly above baseline. InsP3‐triggered ATP release was completely blocked by α‐glycyrrhetinic acid (α‐GA), the connexin mimetic peptides gap 26 and 27, and the trivalent ions gadolinium and lanthanum. ATP release triggered by zero calcium was, in addition to these substances, also blocked by flufenamic acid (FFA), niflumic acid, and NPPB. Gap 27 selectively blocked zero calcium‐triggered ATP release in connexin‐43 transfected HeLa cells, while having no effect in wild‐type and connexin‐32 transfected cells. Of all the agents used, only α‐GA, FFA and NPPB significantly reduced gap junctional coupling. In conclusion, InsP3 and zero calcium‐triggered ATP release show major similarities but also some differences in their sensitivity to the agents applied. It is suggested that both stimuli trigger ATP release through the same mechanism, which is connexin‐dependent, permeable in both directions, potently blocked by connexin mimetic peptides, and consistent with the opening of connexin hemichannels.
J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 205–213, 2003© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of varying spectral resolution on the quality of high spectral and spatial resolution magnetic resonance images of the breast
Authors: Medved Milica , Du Weiliang , Zamora Marta A. , Fan Xiaobing , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , MacEneaney Peter M. , Newstead Gillian , Karczmar Gregory S. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of varying spectral resolution on image quality of high spectral and spatial resolution (HiSS) images.Materials and MethodsEight women with suspicious breast lesions and six healthy volunteers were scanned using echo‐planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) at 1.5 Tesla with 0.75‐ to 1‐mm in‐plane resolution and 2.3‐ to 2.6‐Hz spectral resolution. Time domain data were truncated to obtain proton spectra in each voxel with varying (2.6–83.3 Hz) resolution. Images with intensity proportional to water signal peak heights were synthesized. Changes in water signal line shape following contrast injection were analyzed.ResultsFat suppression is optimized at ∼10‐Hz spectral resolution and is significantly improved by removal of wings of the fat resonance. This was accomplished by subtracting a Lorentzian fit to the fat resonance from the proton spectrum. The water resonance is often inhomogeneously broadened, and very high spectral resolution is necessary to resolve individual components. High spectral resolution is required for optimal contrast in anatomic features with very high T2* (e.g., within a lesion) and for detection of often subtle effects of contrast agents on water signal line shape.ConclusionDespite a trade‐off between the spectral resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio, it is beneficial to acquire data at the highest spectral resolution currently attainable at 1.5 Tesla. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;18:442–448. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic MRI contrast enhancement of renal cortex: A functional assessment of renovascular disease in patients with renal artery stenosis
Authors: Gandy Stephen J. , Sudarshan Thiru A.P. , Sheppard Declan G. , Allan Lynsay C. , McLeay Trudy B. , Houston J. Graeme 
Published: September 2003

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate differences in the magnitude and time course of renal cortical contrast uptake in patients with minimal, moderate, and severe renal artery stenosis (RAS) using contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance renography (CE‐MRR).Materials and MethodsCE‐MRR was performed on 56 patients with renovascular disease using a three‐dimensional volume interpolated breath‐hold examination (VIBE) perfusion sequence. After administration of 2 mL of contrast, nine sequential axial VIBE datasets were acquired: at baseline, 7, 14, 21, 45, 60, 120, 180, and 240 seconds. Aortic peak signal enhancement and cortical peak signal enhancement through the mid portion of each kidney was recorded, along with the time delay between each peak. Each renal artery was subsequently examined using three‐dimensional contrast‐enhanced MR angiography, and graded as being minimally (0%–30%), moderately (31%–70%), or severely (71%–100%) stenotic.ResultsWhen the data were subdivided by RAS category, the cortical to aortic peak enhancement ratio (CAPR) reduced with increasing RAS. Further, the cortical to aortic time delay (CATD) increased with increasing RAS. These measurements were statistically significant between patients with minimal and moderate RAS compared to severe RASConclusionCE‐MRR can assist in the differentiation of patients with minimal or moderate RAS from those with severe RAS. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;18:461–466. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ecological implications of Fulbe pastoralism in southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Omotayo Akin M. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe study used a combination of ethno‐social surveys and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to assess 651 pastoral households and their land use under agropastoral production systems in Ogun State, Nigeria. Yields of arable crops on agropastoralists' fields were generally low. Livestock productivity was similar on all parameters to levels in comparable contexts elsewhere across the West African subregion, but generally below possible potentials and on‐farm research findings. Pastoral households' activities presently influence between 221 km2 and 523 km2 of land in Ogun State. Pastoral grazing orbits extended beyond administrative boundaries, causing potential conflicts between local crop farmers and agropatoralists. Much of the land‐cover has been altered considerably around the areas of pastoral household settlements compared with the situation 20 years ago. It was concluded that a form of intervention was needed that would guarantee sustainability of the land‐use system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A rotating array of antennas for confocal microwave breast imaging
Authors: Hernández‐López M. A. , Quintillán‐González M. , González García S. , Rubio Bretones A. , Gómez Martín R. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA planar array of four resistively loaded bow‐tie antennas has been designed to detect and image early‐stage malignant breast tumors by applying microwave confocal techniques. The finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method has been used to simulate the entire detection problem. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 307–311, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11199
Similar gene structure of two Sox9a genes and their expression patterns during gonadal differentiation in a teleost fish, rice field eel (Monopterus albus)
Authors: Zhou Rongjia , Liu Li , Guo Yiqing , Yu Hongshi , Cheng Hanhua , Huang Xiao , Tiersch Terrence R. , Berta Philippe 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe Sox9 gene encodes a transcription factor that is critical for testis determination and chondrogenesis in vertebrates. Mutations in human SOX9 cause campomelic dysplasia, a dominant skeletal dysmorphology syndrome often associated with male to female sex reversal. Here we show that the Sox9a gene was duplicated during evolution of the rice field eel, Monopterus albus, a freshwater fish which undergoes natural sex reversal from female to male during its life, and has a haploid genome size (0.6–0.8 pg) that is among the smallest of the vertebrates. The duplicated copies of the gene (named Sox9al and Sox9a2) fit within the Sox9 clade of vertebrates, especially in the Sox9a subfamily, not in the Sox9b subfamily. They have similar structures as revealed by both genomic and cDNA analysis. Furthermore, both Sox9al and Sox9a2 are expressed in testis, ovary, and ovotestis; and specifically in the outer layer (mainly gonocytes) of gonadal epithelium with bipotential capacity to form testis or ovary, suggesting that they have similar roles in gonadal differentiation during sex reversal in this species. The closely related gene structure and expression patterns of the two sox9a genes in the rice field eel also suggest that they arose in recent gene duplication events during evolution of this fish lineage. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66: 211–217, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypoxanthine (HX) inhibition of in vitro meiotic resumption in goat oocytes
Authors: Ma Suofeng , Lan Guocheng , Miao Yiliang , Wang Ziyu , Chang Zhongle , Luo Mingjiu , Tan Jinghe 
Published: September 2003

AbstractTo improve in vitro maturation and to understand the mechanism for meiotic resumption of oocytes, meiotic progression, and its control by hypoxanthine (HX) were studied in goat oocytes. Ovaries were obtained from a local abattoir, and cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) and follicular fluid were collected from follicles of different surface diameters (SDs). The meiotic competence and progression of oocytes were observed, and the concentration of HX in the follicular fluid and culture media was measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Full meiotic competence of goat oocytes was acquired in follicles of ≥1.5 mm in SD with 90% of the oocytes developing to metaphase II (MII) stage after 24 hr in culture. The HX concentration in follicular fluid decreased with follicle development, from the highest level of 1.16 mM in ≤0.5 mm follicles to the lowest level of 0.45 mM in ≥5 mm follicles. HX inhibited meiotic resumption of goat oocytes in a concentration‐related manner but this inhibitory effect declined gradually. When we renewed the medium at 4 hr of HX‐199 (TCM‐199 supplemented with 4 mM HX) culture, the percentage of oocytes with intact germinal vesicle (GV) did not increase but decreased significantly instead. HPLC measurement of HX in the HX‐199 culture drops indicated that the HX concentration declined from 0 hr to 4 hr of culture and after medium renewal at 4 hr of culture. By adding dibutyryl cAMP (db‐cAMP) at medium renewal, we found that db‐cAMP held up the decline of GV percentages. Together, these results were consistent with the possibility that the decline of HX inhibitory effect was not due to HX depletion but rather due to the negative feedback of the metabolites on its further uptake by oocytes. Goat oocytes were capable of normal nuclear maturation and activation after temporal arrest by HX, but prolonged exposure to HX induced spontaneous activation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66: 306–313, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identiﬁcation of major metabolites in Aloe littoralis by high‐performance liquid chromatography–nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Karagianis Gloria , Viljoen Alvaro , Waterman Peter G. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractExamination of the leaf exudate of the South African species Aloe littoralis by reversed‐phase HPLC revealed the presence of two major metabolites. The identiﬁcation of the two compounds without isolation was attempted by HPLC‐NMR based on separation using a C18 column eluting with a deuterium oxide:acetonitrile solvent gradient and an inverse HPLC‐NMR probe. For each compound, one‐dimensional proton spectra, and two‐dimensional homonuclear COSY and TOCSY, and heteronuclear HSQC and HMBC, spectra were collected. On the basis of the data obtained, the metabolites were characterised as 10‐hydroxyaloin B and deacetyllittoraloin. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Archaeobotanic evidence of the preincaic Chiribaya culture. Determination of capsaicinoids in archaeological samples of Capsicum frutescens and votive foods
Authors: Flamini Guido , Morelli Ivano , Piacenza Luigi 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe lack of Capsicum species or paprika (a basic ingredient of Peruvian foodstuff) in preincaic archaeological samples and votive foods, as evidenced by archaeobotanic studies, has stimulated the chemical analyses of these samples by HPLC methods. The results conﬁrmed the absence of capsaicinoids in these samples whereas they were detected in more ancient fossil fruit. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Triblock copolymers and pentablock terpolymers of n‐hexyl isocyanate with styrene and isoprene: Synthesis, characterization, and thermal properties
Authors: Vazaios Aggelos , Pitsikalis Marinos , Hadjichristidis Nikos 
Published: September 2003

AbstractTriblock copolymers and pentablock terpolymers of n‐hexyl isocyanate (H), styrene (S), and isoprene (I) of the type HSH (six samples, Mn:49–163 K, weight % of H:5–59), HIH (two samples, Mn:75 and 83.4 K, weight % of H:16 and 40), HSISH (one sample, Mn:79.4 K, weight % of H:13), and HISIH (one sample, Mn:128 K, weight % of H:25) were synthesized by high‐vacuum techniques in tetrahydrofuran at −98 °C with the sodium naphthalene/sodium tetraphenylborate initiating system. All materials were characterized by size exclusion chromatography, membrane osmometry, and 1H NMR. The combined molecular characterization results revealed a high degree of molecular and compositional homogeneity. The thermal properties of the synthesized materials were examined by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3094–3102, 2003
Gene therapy of lung cancer
Authors: Daniel Jonathan C. , Smythe W. Roy 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIt is estimated that there will be 157,200 deaths from lung cancer in 2003. Current regimens of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation have not significantly changed overall 5‐year survival rates for this disease. Thanks to intensive molecular studies over the last three decades, new targets for treatment have been identified, including replacement of tumor suppressor genes, prevention of angiogenesis and tumor growth, and regulation of programmed cell death. Promising advances have been made but obstacles still abound before effective use of these strategies at the patient bedside can occur. One area of concentration lies in developing more accurate and complete delivery of the therapeutic constructs. In the evolution of gene therapy approaches, from beginning theory to translational research, investigators in thoracic malignancies have played a leading role, utilizing a number of methods and delivery vehicles. The objective of this review is to discuss some of the major molecular targets available for manipulation in lung cancer, describe vectors and techniques currently used by thoracic researchers to deliver therapy, and provide the p53 model as an example of progression from bench research to clinical treatment. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 21:196–204, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of track spacing and data interpolation on the interpretation of benthic community distributions derived from RoxAnn™ acoustic surveys
Authors: Pinn Eunice H , Robertson M.R 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
A 150 mile2 (388 km2) area in the South Minch on the Scottish west coast was surveyed acoustically using the seabed discrimination system RoxAnn™. This site was chosen from BGS seabed sediment maps because of the wide variety of substratum types present within a relatively small area. The work presented here investigates different combinations of survey track spacing in relation to interpolation of acoustic data for mapping benthic biodiversity. Three different survey track spacings (4, 2 and 1 km) and three pixel sizes (1000, 500 and 250 m) were utilised. The results indicated considerable variations in the fine scale variations of the substratum maps produced and their accuracy in relation to ground truth data. Depending on the track spacing and level of interpolation utilised, the survey site could be considered relatively important under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan in terms of priority habitat types present or completely insignificant. These variations have serious implications for the use of this technology in site identification, conservation and management.
Isolated thrombosis due to the cystathionine β‐synthase mutation c.833T>C (I278T)
Authors: Linnebank M. , Junker R. , Nabavi D. G. , Linnebank A. , Koch H. G. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractHereditary homocystinuria due to cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) deficiency is a rare disease (about 1:20 000 in Germany) often complicated by thromboembolism. Single mutations, which affect the C‐terminal region of the CBS enzyme, lead to isolated thrombosis without further symptoms typical for homocystinuria such as atherosclerosis, psychomotor retardation, and dislocation of the ocular lenses. In this study, DNA samples of patients with stroke (n=225) and sinus thrombosis (n=46) were screened for the most common homocystinuria mutation, CBS I278T. In each group one homozygous patient was identified. Thus, not only C‐terminal mutations but also the most common mutation in classical homocystinuria, CBS I278T, can lead to isolated thrombophilic events. These data support the hypothesis that homocystinuria is an underdiagnosed disease.