bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid brain MRI for image-guided ventricular catheter placement in pediatric patients: protocol and preliminary clinical outcomes
Authors: Lai Grace Y. , Powers Andria , Chung Taylor , Sun Peter P. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
Neuronavigation is a useful adjunct for catheter placement during neurosurgical procedures for hydrocephalus or ventricular access. MRI protocols for navigation are lengthy and require sedation for young children. CT involves ionizing radiation. In this study, the authors introduce the clinical application of a 1-minute rapid MRI sequence that does not require sedation in young children and report their preliminary clinical experience using this technique in their pediatric population.

METHODS
All patients who underwent ventricular catheter placement at a children’s hospital using a rapid noncontrast MRI protocol, standard MRI, or head CT from July 2021 to August 2023 were included. Type of procedure, etiology of hydrocephalus, ventricle configuration and size, morphology of ventricles, need for adjunctive intraoperative ultrasound, duration of procedure, accuracy of catheter placement, and need for proximal revision within 90 days were retrospectively recorded and compared across imaging modalities.

RESULTS
Sixty-eight patients underwent 83 procedures: 21 underwent CT navigation, 29 standard MRI, and 33 rapid MRI. Patients who received standard MRI more often had tumor etiology, while those who underwent CT and rapid MRI had posthemorrhagic etiology (χ2 = 13.04, p = 0.042). Intraoperative ultrasound was required for 1 patient in the standard MRI group and 1 patient in the CT group. There was no difference in procedure time across groups (p = 0.831). On multivariable analysis, procedure time differed by procedure type, where external ventricular drain placement and proximal revision were faster (p < 0.001 and p < 0.028, respectively). Proximal revision due to obstruction within 90 days occurred in 3 cases (in the same patient with complex loculated hydrocephalus) in the rapid MRI group and 2 cases in the CT group.

CONCLUSIONS
Although this study was not powered for statistical inference, the authors report on the clinical use of a 1-minute rapid MRI sequence for neuronavigation in hydrocephalus or ventricular access surgery. There were no instances in which intraoperative ultrasound was required as an adjunct for procedures navigated with rapid MRI, and intraoperative time did not differ from that of standard navigation protocols.
Lordosis distribution index for predicting mechanical complications after long-level fusion surgery: comparison of Global Alignment and Proportion score and Roussouly classification
Authors: Moon Min-Hyeong , Shin Myung-Hoon , Yoo Seung-Chan , Choi Doo-Yong , Kim Jong-Tae 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
Both the Global Alignment and Proportion (GAP) score and Roussouly classification account for the lordosis distribution index (LDI), but the LDI of the GAP score (G-LDI) is typically set to 50%–80%, while the LDI of the Roussouly classification (R-LDI) varies depending on the degree of pelvic incidence (PI). The objective of this study was to validate the ability of the G-LDI to predict mechanical complications and compare it with the predictive probability of R-LDI in patients with long-level fusion surgery.

METHODS
A total of 171 patients were divided into two groups: 93 in the nonmechanical complication group (non-MC group) and 78 in the mechanical complication group (MC group). The mean age of the participants was 66.79 ± 8.56 years (range 34–83 years), and the mean follow-up period was 45.49 ± 16.20 months (range 24–62 months). The inclusion criteria for the study were patients who underwent > 4 levels of fusion and had > 2 years of follow-up. The predictive models for mechanical complications using the G-LDI and R-LDI were analyzed using binomial logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses.

RESULTS
There was a significant correlation between R-LDI and PI (r = −0.561, p < 0.001), while there was no correlation between G-LDI and PI (r = 0.132, p = 0.495). In reference to G-LDI, most patients in the non-MC group were classified as having alignment (72, 77.4%), while the MC group had an inhomogeneous composition (aligned: 34, 43.6%; hyperlordosis: 37, 47.4%). The agreement between the G-LDI and R-LDI was moderate (κ = 0.536, p < 0.001) to fair (κ = 0.383, p = 0.011) for patients with average or large PI, but poor (κ = −0.255, p = 0.245) for those with small PI. The areas under the curve for the G-LDI and R-LDI were 0.674 (95% CI, 0.592–0.757) and 0.745 (95% CI, 0.671–0.820), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The R-LDI, which uses a PI-based proportional parameter, enables individual quantification of LL for all PI sizes and has been shown to have a higher accuracy in classifying cases and a stronger correlation with the risk of mechanical complications compared with G-LDI.
Relationship between the postoperative variations of paraspinal muscles and adjacent-segment degeneration in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis after posterior instrumented lumbar fusion
Authors: Xu Fei , Zhou Siyu , Sun Zhuoran , Jiang Shuai , Han Gengyu , Li Weishi 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to quantify pre- and postoperative paraspinal muscular variation following posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) and measure the association of this variation with adjacent-segment degeneration (ASD).

METHODS
Data from 149 patients who underwent L4–S1 PLIF for DLSS were collected. Patients were divided into radiologically confirmed ASD and control groups according to follow-up radiological findings. MRI was performed before surgery and at the last follow-up. Muscular parameters including the relative cross-sectional area (rCSA), relative functional cross-sectional area (rFCSA), relative total cross-sectional area (rTCSA), and fatty infiltration (FI) of the multifidus (MF), erector spinae (ES), and psoas major (PM) muscles were measured on preoperative and follow-up L2–S1 MR images. Logistic regression was used to investigate risk factors for ASD.

RESULTS
The rate of radiological ASD was 42.3% at the final follow-up (mean 25.71 ± 8.35 months). At surgical levels, the rFCSA and rTCSA of the MF and ES muscles decreased. The FI of the MF from L2–3 to L5–S1 and ES muscles at L5–S1 significantly increased after surgery, while the rFCSA and rTCSA of the PM muscle increased and its FI decreased. At adjacent levels, the rFCSA and rTCSA of the MF muscle and rTCSA of the ES muscle decreased and the FI of the MF muscle increased postoperatively (p < 0.05), but the rFCSA and rTCSA of the PM muscle increased and its FI decreased (p < 0.05). The FIs of the MF, ES, and PM muscles at adjacent levels significantly differed between the ASD and control groups. Logistic regression analysis indicated that higher BMI (p = 0.002) and FI of the PM muscle at adjacent levels (p = 0.025) were significant risk factors for ASD.

CONCLUSIONS
The functional area decreased in the MF and ES muscles and increased in the PM muscle after L4–S1 PLIF. A compensatory postoperative decrease in FI of the PM muscle at the adjacent level was a protective factor for ASD in DLSS patients after PLIF.
Effect of urgent surgery within 8 hours compared to surgery between 8 and 24 hours on perioperative complications and neurological prognosis in patients older than 70 years with cervical spinal cord injury: a propensity score–matched analysis
Authors: Shimizu Tomoaki , Suda Kota , Matsumoto Harmon Satoko , Komatsu Miki , Ota Masahiro , Ushirozako Hiroki , Inomata Kento , Minami Akio , Yamada Katsuhisa , Endo Tsutomu , Takahata Masahiko , Iwasaki Norimasa , Takahashi Hiroshi , Koda Masao , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the effect of surgery within 8 hours on perioperative complications and neurological prognosis in older patients with cervical spinal cord injury by using a propensity score–matched analysis.

METHODS
The authors included 87 consecutive patients older than 70 years who had cervical spinal cord injury and who had undergone posterior decompression and fusion surgery within 24 hours of injury. The patients were divided into two groups based on the time from injury to surgery: surgery within 8 hours (group 8 hours) and between 8 and 24 hours (group 8–24 hours). Following the preliminary study, the authors established a 1:1 matched model using propensity scores to adjust for baseline characteristics and neurological status on admission. Perioperative complication rates and neurological outcomes at discharge were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS
Preliminary analysis of 87 prematched patients (39 in group 8 hours and 48 in group 8–24 hours) revealed that the motor index score (MIS) on admission was lower for lower extremities (12.3 ± 15.5 vs 20.0 ± 18.6, respectively; p = 0.048), and total extremities (26.7 ± 27.1 vs 40.2 ± 30.6, respectively; p = 0.035) in group 8 hours. In terms of perioperative complications, group 8 hours had significantly higher rates of cardiopulmonary dysfunction (46.2% vs 25.0%, respectively; p = 0.039). MIS improvement (the difference in scores between admission and discharge) was greater in group 8 hours for lower extremities (15.8 ± 12.6 vs 9.0 ± 10.5, respectively; p = 0.009) and total extremities (29.4 ± 21.7 vs 18.7 ± 17.7, respectively; p = 0.016). Using a 1:1 propensity score–matched analysis, 29 patient pairs from group 8 hours and group 8–24 hours were selected. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics, neurological status on admission, and perioperative complications between the two groups, including cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Even after matching, MIS improvement was significantly greater in group 8 hours for upper extremities (13.0 ± 10.9 vs 7.8 ± 8.3, respectively; p = 0.045), lower extremities (14.8 ± 12.7 vs 8.3 ± 11.0, respectively; p = 0.044) and total extremities (27.8 ± 21.0 vs 16.0 ± 17.5, respectively; p = 0.026).

CONCLUSIONS
Results of the comparison after matching demonstrated that urgent surgery within 8 hours did not increase the perioperative complication rate and significantly improved the MIS, suggesting that surgery within 8 hours may be efficient, even in older patients.
Repeat stereotactic radiosurgery for persistent cerebral arteriovenous malformations in pediatric patients
Authors: Garcia Gracie , Mantziaris Georgios , Pikis Stylianos , Dumot Chloe , Lunsford L. Dade , Niranjan Ajay , Wei Zhishuo , Srinivasan Priyanka , Tang Lilly W. , Liscak Roman , May Jaromir , Lee Cheng-Chia , Yang Huai-Che , Peker Selcuk , Samanci Yavuz , Nabeel Ahmed M. , Reda Wael A. , Tawadros Sameh R. , Abdel Karim Khaled , El-Shehaby Amr M. N. , Emad Eldin Reem , Elazzazi Ahmed Hesham , Martínez Moreno Nuria , Martínez Álvarez Roberto , Padmanaban Varun , Jareczek Francis J. , McInerney James , Cockroft Kevin M. , Alzate Juan Diego , Kondziolka Douglas , Tripathi Manjul , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to describe the long-term outcomes and associated risks related to repeat stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for persistent arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in pediatric patients.

METHODS
Under the auspices of the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation, this retrospective multicenter study analyzed pediatric patients who underwent repeat, single-session SRS between 1987 and 2022. The primary outcome variable was a favorable outcome, defined as nidus obliteration without hemorrhage or neurological deterioration. Secondary outcomes included rates and probabilities of hemorrhage, radiation-induced changes (RICs), and cyst or tumor formation.

RESULTS
The cohort included 83 pediatric patients. The median patient age was 11 years at initial SRS and 15 years at repeat SRS. Fifty-seven children (68.7%) were managed exclusively using SRS, and 42 (50.6%) experienced hemorrhage prior to SRS. Median AVM diameter and volume were substantially different between the first (25 mm and 4.5 cm3, respectively) and second (16.5 mm and 1.6 cm3, respectively) SRS, while prescription dose and isodose line remained similar. At the 5-year follow-up evaluation from the second SRS, nidus obliteration was achieved in 42 patients (50.6%), with favorable outcome in 37 (44.6%). The median time to nidus obliteration and hemorrhage was 35.5 and 38.5 months, respectively. The yearly cumulative probability of favorable outcome increased from 2.5% (95% CI 0.5%–7.8%) at 1 year to 44% (95% CI 32%–55%) at 5 years. The probability of achieving obliteration followed a similar pattern and reached 51% (95% CI 38%–62%) at 5 years. The 5-year risk of hemorrhage during the latency period after the second SRS reached 8% (95% CI 3.2%–16%). Radiographically, 25 children (30.1%) had RICs, but only 5 (6%) were symptomatic. Delayed cyst formation occurred in 7.2% of patients, with a median onset of 47 months. No radiation-induced neoplasia was observed.

CONCLUSIONS
The study results showed nidus obliteration in most pediatric patients who underwent repeat SRS for persistent AVMs. The risks of symptomatic RICs and latency period hemorrhage were quite low. These findings suggest that repeat radiosurgery should be considered when treating pediatric patients with residual AVM after prior SRS. Further study is needed to define the role of repeat SRS more fully in this population.
Early versus delayed mobilization after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety
Authors: Morello *Alberto , Spinello Antonio , Staartjes Victor E. , Bue Enrico Lo , Garbossa Diego , Germans Menno R. , Regli Luca , Serra Carlo 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
A central tenet of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is evidence-based medicine. Survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) constitute a fragile patient population prone to prolonged hospitalization within neurointensive care units (NICUs), prolonged immobilization, and a range of nosocomial adverse events. Potentially, well-monitored early mobilization (EM) could constitute a beneficial element of ERAS protocols in this population. Therefore, the objective was to summarize the available evidence on EM strategies in patients with aSAH.

METHODS
The authors retrieved prospective and retrospective studies that reported efficacy or safety data on EM (defined as EM in the NICU starting ≤ 7 days after ictus) versus delayed mobilization (DM) (any strategy that comparatively delayed mobilization) after aSAH and were published after January 1, 2000, in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed.

RESULTS
Ten studies analyzing 1292 patients were included for quantitative synthesis, including 1 randomized, 1 prospective nonrandomized, and 8 retrospective studies. Modified Rankin Scale scores at discharge were not different between the EM and DM groups (mean difference [MD] [95% CI] −0.86 [−2.93 to 1.20] points, p = 0.41). Hospital length of stay in days was markedly reduced in the EM group (MD [95% CI] −6.56 [−10.64 to −2.47] days, p = 0.002). Although there was a statistically significant reduction in radiological vasospasms (OR [95% CI] 0.65 [0.44–0.97], p = 0.03), the reduction in clinically relevant vasospasms was nonsignificant (OR [95% CI] 0.63 [0.31–1.26], p = 0.19). The odds of shunting were significantly lower in the EM group (OR [95% CI] 0.61 [0.39–0.95], p = 0.03). The rates of mortality, pneumonia, and thrombosis were similar among groups (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
Due to a lack of high-quality studies, vastly varying protocols, and resulting statistical clinical and statistical heterogeneity, the level of evidence for recommendations regarding EM in patients with aSAH remains low. The currently available data indicated that mobilization within the first 5 days after aneurysm repair was feasible and safe without significant excessive adverse events, that neurological outcome with EM was almost certainly not worse than with prolonged immobilization, and that there was likely at least some reduction in length of hospital stay. Radiological and clinical vasospasms were not more frequent—with signals even trending toward a decrease—in patients who mobilized early. Higher-quality studies and implementation of full ERAS protocols are necessary to evaluate efficacy and safety with a higher level of evidence and to guide practical implementation through increased standardization.
Clinical trial registration no.: CRD42023432828 (www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero)
Separatist and Terrorist Movements in Papua: The Challenges of Social Disaster Management and the Important Role of Human-Made Disaster Intelligence
Authors: Maharani Tiara Devi , Sarjito Aris , Marnani Christine Sri , Almubaroq Hikmat Zakky , Falefi Reinpal 
Published: January 2024

The Papua secessionist movement hinders Indonesia's stability efforts. The government has implemented measures, deploying intelligence for managing social crises as defined by Law 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management. The present study examines the separatist movement in Papua, its resultant societal upheaval, and the crucial role of intelligence in mitigating this societal crisis. The study explores applying Human-Made Disaster Intelligence, using AI and data tech, to mitigate risks in the Papua case. This study employs a literature review with 26 sources to explore challenges posed by separatist and terrorist movements in Papua. Data is gathered from official sources, excluding personal websites and social media. The study was conducted from January to March 2023. Data analysis utilizes descriptive narratives to qualitatively explore separatist and terrorist movements, social disasters, intelligence, and the Papua region. The research findings demonstrate that the separatist movement in Papua has resulted in a significant societal calamity, causing conflicts, casualties, and economic challenges. Man-made disaster intelligence is proposed to manage social disasters by collecting and analyzing data related to separatist activities. Intelligence plays a crucial role in detecting and mitigating risks associated with separatism, offering preventive and remedial measures. Challenges include limited resources and the need for collaboration among intelligence agencies. Strategic measures to enhance intelligence involve increased resources, collaboration, transparency, and the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for data analysis. The complexity of using AI in countering separatist movements requires careful consideration of data sources, collection methods, and reliability measures.
Optimizing Indonesia's Digital Diplomacy through a Multitrack Peace Building Approach: A Case Study of the Palestine-Israel Conflict
Authors: Samad M. Yusuf , Zattullah Nour , Abdullah Friztky Prawita , Adzel Zestadianna , Permatasari Diah Ayu , Persadha Pratama Dahlian , Brata Taryana 
Published: January 2024

Digital diplomacy is used as an instrument to convey a country's foreign policy and national interests in responding to situations that occur globally. Indonesia through President Joko Widodo has implemented this to address the conflict between Israel and Palestine. However, President Jokowi's digital diplomacy through the official Twitter account (X) has not been optimal when viewed from the multitrack peace-building approach perspective. This study aims to optimize the implementation of Indonesia's digital diplomacy towards the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through a multitrack peace-building approach. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study of President Jokowi's official Twitter account uploads related to the Israel-Palestine conflict. The results showed that Indonesia's digital diplomacy through President Jokowi's official Twitter account can be optimized through the involvement of middle-level leadership, especially the religion-based peace-building approach in the form of interacting with the Chairman of the Indonesian Ulema Council for Da'wah and Ukhuwah as well as Rais Syuriyah of the Nahdlatul Ulama Executive Board, M. Cholil Nafis (@cholilnafis) and General Secretary of the Muhammadiyah Central Board Abdul Mu'ti accounts. In addition, at the grassroots level, leadership can be optimized by involving the Chief Trustee of the Nusantara Palestina Center, Abdillah Onim account and if possible, also interacting with the Nusantara Palestina Center organization account considering that both of them continuously inform the latest conditions in Palestine.
Sosialisasi Metode Preventif Penyebaran Covid-19 Dalam Kluster Rumah Tangga Di Wilayah RT/RW Landungsari, Malang
Authors: Putri Ronasari Mahaji , Ma’sum Zuhdi , Sulasmini Sulasmini , Arifin Zainol 
Published: January 2024

Indonesia mengalami masalah kesehatan yang serius ditunjukkan dengan tingginya angka kesakitan dan kematian. Covid-19 sebagai masalah yang sebenarnya tidak hanya dihadapi oleh Indonesia, namun sudah menjadi masalah dunia. Untuk memutus mata rantai penularan virus Covid-19 ini dibutuhkan gerakan hidup sehat masyarakat. Gerakan ini sangat perlu untuk digalakkan di semua lapisan masyarakat terutama pada golongan resiko tinggi. Namun demikian, tidak cukup hanya menjadi sebuah gerakan. Perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat ini harus mampu mampu menjadi kebiasaan hidup masyarakat. Untuk menuju hal ini maka diperlukan sebuah program tentang pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang cara mencegah Covid-19 melalui budaya hidup bersih dan sehat pada masyarakat. Tujuan utama kegiatan ini adalah untuk melaksanakan pengabdian masyarakat berupa sosialisasi tentang upaya pencegahan Covid- 19 melalui budaya dan pembiasaan hidup bersih dan sehat pada masyarakat sasaran utama dari kegiatan ini adalah kluster rumah tangga. Diharapkan dengan sosialisasi ini dapat diterapkan di lingkungan RT 06 RW 09 Landungsari Malang.
Kegiatan Promosi Produksi Pengrajin Purun “Galoeh Bandjar” Kelurahan Palam Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Yunita Rizmi , Rahman Abdur , Dharmaji Deddy , Santoso Heri Budi , Marlinae Lenie 
Published: January 2024

Kelompok usaha wanita pengrajin purun “Galoeh Bandjar” Kelurahan Palam, Kecamatan Cempaka, Kota Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan dibentuk oleh Pemerintah Kota Banjarbaru Kalimantan Selatan sebagai wadah kelompok usaha yang bergerak dibidang kerajinan anyaman purun dan pengembangan destinasi wisata Kampung Purun. Tujuan kegiatan adalah memberikan informasi penjualan elektronik (e-commerce) berbasis online dan melakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam pembukaan toko jualan produk kerajinan purun secara online. Metode yang diterapkan melalui pertemuan, penyampaian materi, diskusi, pelatihan dan pendampingan. Hasil kegiatan dapat memberikan perubahan sikap dan pengetahuan kelompok mitra dari kurang mengetahui menjadi cukup banyak mengetahui tentang promosi produksi kerajinan purun secara online atau e-commerce. Informasi yang diberikan secara teori dan melakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan terhadap promosi produksi kerajinan purun secara online atau e-commerce memberikan pengaruh peningkatan pemahaman kepada kelompok mitra, walaupun peningkatan baru terjadi beberapa angota kelompok mitra. Informasi yang diberikan berupa pelatihan dan pendamping memberikan dampak peningkatan yang positif, terjadinya adopsi dan promosi produk oleh anggota kelompok mitra ke anggota masyarakat lainnya mengalami perubahan ke arah positif yaitu dari kriteria cukup menjadi kriteria baik.