bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The marine fossils and paleoecological significance of the Southern edge of South Sumatra Basin in Linggapura Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Harbowo D G , Pratama D , Priadi B , Julian T , Sihombing D J P , Sitinjak E S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The South Sumatra Basin is identified as a Paleogene-Neogene sedimentary basin with Mesozoic basements. It is located in the eastern Barisan Mountains, covering Jambi, South Sumatra, and Linggapura (Lampung), Indonesia. Linggapura represents the southernmost part of the South Sumatra Basin. The basin consists of two well-known rock formations, namely the Talangakar and Baturaja Formations. In this study, we investigated these formations through fossil records and paleoecological interpretations. Our investigation was based on measured stratigraphy and fossil observations along the Way Penandingan River in Linggapura, Lampung. We discovered that the bottom of this area consists of Cretaceous granitoid, which forms a nonconformity with the sedimentary rocks in this area. The Talangakar Formation in this region comprises quartzy-grained sandstone and conglomerates containing fossilized remains of terrestrial plants/vegetation. These plant fossils have undergone coalification, with some being silicified. The Batujara Formation in Linggapura is dominated by bioclasts, primarily consisting of Miocene shoreface-lagoonal larger benthic foraminifera, along with other marine and ichnofossils. Based on our findings, we suggest that the paleoecological condition of this area is associated with shoreline transgression during the Oligo-Miocene period. The hotter Miocene climate contributed to a rise in sea levels, resulting in shoreline transgression. Gradually, the area transformed from a terrestrial environment to a highly bioproductive marine environment, at least from the Late Oligocene to the Early Miocene. This study represents an important milestone in better understanding the paleoenvironmental conditions at the edge of the South Sumatra Basin throughout its geological history.
Identification and Characterization of Gas Hydrate using Marine Seismic and Well Data: South Makassar Strait case study
Authors: Muntashir A W , Nainggolan T B , Supriyana E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Gas hydrate has the potential as an alternative unconventional resource to current oil and gas. Identification of gas hydrate is made possible by applying the seismic method with the main indicator of the bottom simulating reflector (BSR). BSR is characterized on the seismic section by the presence of high amplitudes, reverse polarity reflections, and cutting through the stratigraphy. In this study, the presence and thickness of the gas hydrate zone have been identified using five 2D seismic tracks, namely CM02-57, SM93-06 SM93-08, SM93-09 and SM93-11, and the SULTAN-1 well. The gas hydrate zone was identified at a depth of about 2300 m. The existence of the gas hydrate zone is followed by the presence of a gas chimney indicator as a free gas migration path. The gas hydrate zones are estimated to be 15 m, 28 m, 33 m, 23 m, and 30 m thick from the respective seismic tracks CM02-57, SM93-06 SM93-08, SM93-09 and SM93-11.
Carbon Emissions Prediction from Land Change Model in Bandung Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Indrarini I , Handiani D N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Carbon emissions in Bandung Regency is potentially increasing and can harm future environment in the area. Our study aims to predict carbon emissions in Bandung Regency based on land changes model of the area. We utilized Cellular Automata Markov method which predicted land use in the years of 2027 and 2036. This land use prediction used overlay intersect method and were analysed using two scenarios: backward and forward looking. The backward looking scenario analysis combined the land used map of 2019 and two land use maps prediction of 2027 and 2036. Meanwhile, the forward looking scenario analysis combined the land used map of 2019 and the urban planning plan of Bandung Regency in the years of 2016 to 2036. Carbon emission were calculate using stock difference method for both scenarios. Afterwards, the carbon emission results were classified using quartile method. The result in the backward scenario showed that the carbon emission is dominated compare to sequestration, with total emission of 811,330.81 tonnes of CO2
eq for the years of 2019 to 2027 and 998,288.22 tonnes of CO2
eq for the years of 2019 to 2036. In the forward looking scenario, carbon sequestration is dominated compare to emission, with highest sequestration around -804,125.22 tonnes of CO2
eq, while highest emission is around 245,506.51 tonnes CO2
eq. Overall, both simulation showed that the highest emission occurs in Cilengkrang-Cimenyan development area, and the carbon sequestration occurs in Baleendah, Cileunyi-Rancaekek, and Margahayu-Margaasih development areas.
Identification of Landslides Controlling and Triggering Factors using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Dermasuci Village, Pangkah District, Tegal Regency, Central Java Province - Indonesia
Authors: Widodo B T , Setiawan H , Warmada I W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) stated that in 2022 around 634 landslides occurred in Indonesia. One of the regions in Indonesia that experienced landslide disasters is Dermasuci Village, Pangkah District, Tegal Regency, Central Java Province. The first landslide disaster occurred on February 5, 2022, and the second landslide occurred on February 10, 2022. The landslide disasters caused damage to 61 residents’ houses and four road sections. The objective of this study is to identify the controlling and triggering factors that mainly contributed to the landslide event. These two factors are determined based on the order of their static and dynamic properties using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. Controlling and triggering factors of the landslide in the study area are determined based on geological and engineering geological conditions which were obtained from surface mapping results. The controlling factors obtained are the rock bedding inclination, geological structure in the form of faults, slope inclination, engineering properties of soil and rock, land use, and groundwater table. The triggering factors that are known and commonly occur are rainfall in the form of antecedents and intensity, and earthquakes that can induce landslides.
Geochemical characteristics of lacustrine source rock: An insight of Banuwati Formation from Sunda and Asri Basins, Indonesia
Authors: Priyanto Bagus , Subroto Eddy Ariyono , Kesumajana Asep Heri Patria , Susanto Very , Suryanto Agus Dwi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Sunda and Asri Basins are petroliferous in Indonesia. Despite producing billions of barrels of oil equivalent since their initial production, research on the source rock organic geochemistry of these basins remains limited, particularly concerning the sapropelic kerogen of the syn-rift Banuwati Formation. A comprehensive study of the Banuwati Formation in the Sunda and Asri Basins was conducted using kerogen and biomarker data. Various techniques, such as carbon analysis, Rock-Eval pyrolisis, vitrinite reflectance (Ro), gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), were employed on samples from six wells. The Banuwati Formation exhibits source rock with good to very good quantities. Biomarker analysis offers a novel interpretation, suggesting that the Banuwati shale source rock was deposited in an oxic-suboxic environment. The formation is primarily composed of Type I organic material, characterized by the presence of biomarkers such as C26 tricyclic terpane, C30 4-methylsterane, and a possible botryococcane peak, indicative of a lacustrine setting. Maturity assessments based on Ro and Tmax values show conflicting results. Tmax values imply maturity, while Ro values suggest immaturity. This discrepancy is likely due to Ro suppression, a phenomenon often observed in Type I kerogen samples.
Application of modified Segment Tracing Algorithm (mSTA) Method to Identify Landslide Susceptibility Zones Around Mt. Sinabung, Indonesia
Authors: Zahratunnisa  , Saepuloh Asep , Kriswati Estu , Basuki Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Lineament could present the fractured zones and increase the landslides occurrence probabilities. This study aims to assess landslides susceptibility zones based on recorded landslide events corresponded to the detected lineaments around Mt. Sinabung, Indonesia. In this study, we use Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to increase the extraction accuracy of fracture-related lineament at Mt. Sinabung. The lineament densities were calculated to identify the landslide susceptibility zones including frequency, length, and intersection using modified Segment Tracing Algorithm (mSTA) method for area about 10.9 × 9 km. Based on visual observations and technical report, a total of 61 landslides were occurred around Mt. Sinabung from 2016, 2018, and 2021. An Ordinary Kriging density map of the lineament frequency using 800 × 800 m cells showed agreement between the lineament density and landslide distribution. Comparing landslide location and lineament density, landslide occurrences were located mainly at high and moderate lineament densities. We have classified the landslide density for three years into low, moderate, and high based on histogram quartile analyses. This classification could be used to mitigate the landslide hazard in a large area.
Assessing Geotourism Aspects of Ungaran Geothermal Areas for Promoting Sustainable Energy through Volcano-Geothermal Tourist Destination
Authors: Marin J , Paskarana A , Sandy E B S , Agustian J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The indigenous nature of the Ungaran volcano-geothermal area allows us to bring the benefit to its nearest community. Geotourism can be an opportunity to introduce geological knowledge and foster the socio-cultural acceptance of society towards geothermal. This study aims to assess the potential of the study area as tourist destination. The research method is collecting data on geothermal manifestations and volcanic feature sites, quantitative assessment of geosites and geomorphosites, and preliminary hazard risk analysis. Study results identify six geosites: Gedong Songo area, Nglimut hot spring, Diwak-Derekan-Kaliulo warm spring, and Mawar camping area which features a volcanic landscape. Five of six geosites have high geotourism value of more than 0.5 in average, except for Kaliulo site. The recommendation of activities to do are leisure activities in nature, hiking, camping, thermal bathing, horseback riding, and geological excursion.Ttourists should be cautious of potential hazards risk from volcanic gases, hot and acid waters, slippery and unstable areas, landslides, rugged terrain, and extreme weather. A geotourism model is constructed to highlight each site and their attributes to Ungaran volcano-geothermal setting, tourism activities, and possible risks. By exploring the natural and geological richness offered by this destination, tourists will discover the uniqueness of volcano-geothermal tourism experience.
Surface Geology Analysis on the Relationship between Fault Creep and Overpressure in Grobogan, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sitinjak Eri S. , Sapiie Benyamin , Ramdhan Agus M. , Hidayati Ana N. , Azhari Yanuar A. , Adriyansyah Nanda F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Grobogan Regency is a significant location for oil and gas exploration due to its proximity to active oil and gas fields. Geologically, this area is intersected by the Kendeng thrust fault and exhibits several surface manifestations of mud volcanoes near the fault. However, there have been limited studies examining the activity of the Kendeng thrust fault and its relationship to overpressure and earthquakes, which could affect oil and gas exploration and natural disaster mitigation in the region. This paper focuses on utilizing surface geological mapping data and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data to analyze the relationship between fault creep and overpressure manifestations in Grobogan, Central Java. While continuous research on fault creep has been conducted since the 1960s on the San Andreas fault in the United States, there has been a lack of continuous research on onshore fault creep in the Northeast Java Basin or Kendeng Basin, particularly in the Grobogan area. This region, known for its abundance of active mud volcano manifestations, is predominantly characterized by marl and clay lithology. It represents a warm basin environment that is prone to overpressure and ideal for fault creep occurrences.To investigate further, fluid, gas, and mud samples were collected from the mud volcanoes, along with rock samples from the surrounding area, for comprehensive laboratory analysis. The integration of these sample analyses aimed to determine the correlation between the activity of the Kendeng thrust fault creep and the subsurface overpressure conditions. While this study observed several indications of creeping in the vicinity of InSAR anomalies, the exact location of the creeping fault plane could not be definitively determined. The Kendeng thrust fault exhibits the three main factors necessary for initiating fault creeping. The fault segment’s extremely slow creeping may be linked to the activity of the mud volcanoes, as indicated by the results of fluid, gas, and rock sample analysis. The findings of this research hold potential for informing the development of oil and gas fields, as well as enhancing the mitigation of natural disasters associated with oil and gas exploration and earthquakes in the region.
Velocity Changes Associated to the 2019 Ambon 6.5 Mw Earthquake Using Ambient Seismic Noise
Authors: Amiruddin A , Puspito N T , Sahara D P , Nugraha A D , Zulfakriza  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Seismic velocity changes which occurred before, during and after large magnitude earthquake carry information about damage fault surrounding the area. Research focused on Ambon 6.5 Mw earthquake on September 26, 2019. We use ambient noise cross-correlation technique to compute empirical Green’s Function between station pairs from January to December 2019. We use doublet method to determine perturbation calculated in frequency domain by using Moving Windows Cross Spectrum in frequency between 0.1 to 1.0 Hz. Our results show no obvious significant velocity change before the mainshock. Velocity fluctuation average about ±0.1% caused by non-isotropic of noise source around the area. Sudden velocity decrease occurred and reached average value of -0.35% in 7 days after mainshock. After reaching its lowest value, velocity gradually increased about +0.4% in 14 days. Velocity fluctuations about ±0.2% also occurred for three months after the earthquake which may caused by the aftershocks around the earthquake epicentre. Following the large magnitude mainshock, velocity reduction may be induced by cracks opening and fractures due to deformation. While the velocity increase may caused by post-seismic relaxation due to elastic behaviour and crack healing of the fault throughout the surrounding region.
Geochemical and geological properties of tin related to ore deposits: A Review
Authors: Handoko A D , Sapiie B , Syafrizal  , Rudyawan A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tin have atomic number 50 and atomic mass 118,71, commonly found as cassiterite in nature. It is one of important elements in low carbon technologies. Nowadays, tin utilized in broad application range from tin can to electronics. Despite many uses, tin is only produced from limited areas. Because of broad application, understanding of tin in nature is important. Tin usually can be found together with wolfram, although it often occurs at different locations. Tin may occur in various ore deposit types such as greisen, vein, skarn, and placer. This article will describe the geochemical and geological properties of tin in nature, especially that related to ore deposits.
Design and Preliminary Results of Debris Flow Analog Model in Laboratory Scale, Case Study of Bentarsari Sub-watershed
Authors: Sadisun Imam A. , Dinata Indra A. , Hutasoit Lambok M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bentarsari sub-watershed is located at Brebes Regency administrative area, Central Java. This sub-watershed is surrounded by hills composed by volcanic breccia of Kumbang Formation (Tpk) and consists of sedimentary rocks at the lower part of the watershed. Volcanic breccia is the oldest rock in the watershed and appears to have a more intensive weathering process, making it more susceptible to landslides which are mostly followed by debris flow. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to conduct a laboratory scale analog modeling of debris flow event in this sub-watershed. The main materials used for modeling are moderate to completely weathered volcanic breccias to residual soils. The rainfall scenario is 50 mm/day as lower bound of heavy rain, 100 mm/day as lower bound of very heavy rain and 150 mm/day as lower bound of extreme rain. As a first step, the computer simulation is used for analyzing material movement of the model, using spherical materials with a density of 1.84 g/cm3 taken from average value of laboratory test results. The simplification process is carried out on spherical material with 4 cm and 2 cm diameter to depict moving material. The solid material volume used in the simulation is 0.07 m3 while the liquid is 0.03 m3. Then, a laboratory scale analog model has been made with a tub having dimensions of 0.5 m high, 2 m long and 1 m wide. When this analog model is tilted 50 degrees, the resulting slip plane then extends to the backward of the slope and the flowing materials move downward colliding with the previously deposited material, forming a flow which bends slightly to the left at the foot slope. The results of this research are expected to lead to a new method for modelling debris flows using analog models at laboratory scale.
First occurrence of planktonic foraminiferal species Boliella adamsii as a marker for the Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary in the sea around Sumba Island
Authors: Ardi R D W , Aswan  , Maryunani K A , Yulianto E , Putra P S , Nugroho S H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The expensive cost of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry radiocarbon dating (AMS 14C), the main tool for geochronology in Late Pleistocene-Holocene paleoclimate and paleoceanography study using marine sediment cores, hinders Indonesian researchers to produce competing research outputs. The first occurrences of planktonic foraminiferal species which have been applied as Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary markers in previous Quarternary marine sediment studies in the Indonesian region need to be confirmed as these species might actually occur since the Late Pleistocene. Quantitative foraminifera determination and oxygen isotope (δ18O) analysis of planktonic foraminiferal species Globigerinoides (Gs.) ruber have been carried out in marine sediment cores ST10 (off south Sumba) and ST14 (Sumba strait). δ18O of Gs. ruber was correlated to North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) δ18O to determine the depth of the Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary (11653 BP) in core ST10 and ST14. Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary depth in core ST10 (31 cm) and ST14 (28 cm) are nearly coeval with the First occurrence (FO) of planktonic foraminifera Boliella adamsii, which at 34-35 cm depth interval in core ST10 and at 26-27 cm depth interval in core ST14. This indicated the practicality of Boliella adamsii FO as a Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary marker in the sea around Sumba Island, in case radiocarbon ages and proper planktonic foraminiferal δ18O data are not available. Future studies using a similar method in other Indonesian regions are needed to confirm the practicality of Boliella adamsii FO as a Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary marker in the Indonesian region.
Characterizing Coastline and Sediment Interaction in The North Coast of Java using Satellite Images
Authors: Nainggolan Efrat N. , Saepuloh Asep , Nurdjaman Susanna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The large amount of sedimentation process caused rapid changes in the coastline presented by capes form in the coastal area. To characterize coastline and sediment interaction used coastline change analysis, hydrological and vegetation indices using Landsat imagery. Accordingly, we successfully characterized the Cirebon coastline into four categories: abrasion, accretion, abrasion to accretion, accretion to abrasion. The NSM range values -1.123,67 m – 1.026,19 m. The highest abrasion (EPR, LRR, WLR) is 33,18 m/y, 31,16 m/y and 31,16 m/y. The highest accretion (EPR, LRR, WLR) 30,3 m/y, 29,16 m/y, 29,16 m/y. The results of the hydrological index parameters show that humidity levels vary from drought (low humidity) to high humidity, but in the eastern part it includes the water surface. The results of the vegetation index parameter show that the vegetation level was dense, moderate to sparsely grown with vegetation, canopy cover varying from low to medium. Clay material (mud) has impermeable properties, so the study area is dominated by accretion because there is large supply sediment from rivers that enter the sea. Based on these data, it can be concluded that the characteristics of the beach are divided into muddy beaches, and coastal structures such as harbor.
Evaluation of GNSS reflectometry method for sea level estimation in Indonesia
Authors: Cahyaningtyas Lisa A. , Wijaya Dudy D. , Setyadji Bambang , Kartadikaria Aditya R. , Park Hansan , Wibowo Sidik T. , Himawan Rega 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOver the last decade, GNSS-R (Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry) has emerged as a technique for observing sea level height using data from GNSS observations. GNSS-R estimates sea level height from the phase center antenna using the reflection of the extracted GNSS signal at sea level. With a large number of tidal stations equipped with GNSS antennas, GNSS-R has the potential to be implemented in Indonesia. GNSS-R observations can also cover sea surface areas tens to hundreds of kilometres away from where the antenna is located over the coast. Furthermore, the installation of a GNSS antenna at a safe height on land allows for the observation of sea levels under extreme conditions such as during storms and cyclones. To employ GNSS-R effectively, several factors must be considered, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data analysis, data processing, filtering control variables, and increased frequency extraction. This study will focus on trying to use GNSS-R method by identifying the best control variables for each study area and evaluating the results. This study used three months of GPS and GLONASS satellite SNR data from two stations, Barus and Morotai. The separated multipath data was then analyzed using the Lomb-Scargle Periodogram (LSP) based on its frequency. The results of GNSS-R sea surface height observations were validated using tide gauge data at both stations. Based on the test results, the RMSE values were 8.7 cm and 8.4 cm at Barus and Morotai stations, respectively. GNSS-R results strongly correlate with tide gauge data, with correlation coefficients of 95% and 98% at Barus and Morotai stations, respectively. Based on these findings, the GNSS-R method can be used to complement tidal sensor data by applying proper quality control.