bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Non‐Feeding on Development in a Teleost, Minami‐Medaka, Oryzias latipes: Identification of Eleutheroembryonic Stage for Potential Alternative Regulatory Toxicology Tests Along the 3R Principles
Authors: Myosho Taijun , Kashima Makoto , Iguchi Taisen , Kobayashi Tohru 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFish in the eleutheroembryonic life stage are defined as embryos or hatched fry before external self‐feeding begins, and this stage is not classified as a protected life stage according to the EU (Directive 2010/63/EU) because of its alignment with the 3R principles (replacement, reduction, and refinement). In Minami‐medaka (Oryzias latipes), the eleutheroembryonic stage is considered to extend until hatching, according to OECD TG210, whereas no supporting evidence to identify this stage has yet been reported. To clarify the medaka eleutheroembryonic stage, we investigated the effects of non‐feeding on survival, growth, and gene expression in the NIES‐R, Hd‐rR, and d‐rR strains. Non‐feeding did not affect survival up to 6 days post‐hatching (dph) in any strain, with survival rates exceeding 80%. However, non‐feeding beyond 8 dph reduced the survival rates to below 50% at 30 dph. Fish growth, measured as total length, was not significantly affected by non‐feeding up to 6 dph, except for the Hd‐rR. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to non‐feeding revealed that autophagy‐related DEGs (wipi2, wdr45, wipi1, atg14, and map1lc3b) were found from 43 autophagy‐related genes. map1lc3b and the other DEGs were upregulated after 4 and 6 days of non‐feeding, respectively. However, the effect of non‐feeding up to 6 dph was rescued by feeding. Together, the medaka fry < 6 dph were considered to be in the eleutheroembryonic stage for at least up to 4 dph, suggesting that hatched fry can be used to evaluate chemical toxicity and endocrine‐disrupting activity according to the 3R principles.This study indicated that non‐feeding did not affect survival up to 6 dph in NIES‐R, Hd‐rR, and d‐rR strains of Minami‐medaka, and fish growth was not affected by non‐feeding up to 6 dph, except in the Hd‐rR strain. Additionally, autophagy‐related gene expression upregulated by non‐feeding but was rescued by feeding. Together, we demonstrate for the first time that fry < 6 dph are in the eleutheroembryonic stage for at least up to 4 dph in Minami‐medaka (Oryzias latipes).
Proteasomal Dysfunction in Cancer: Mechanistic Pathways and Targeted Therapies
Authors: Bagde Pranit Hemant , Kandpal Meenakshi , Rani Annu , Kumar Sachin , Mishra Amit , Jha Hem Chandra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTProteasomes are the catalytic complexes in eukaryotic cells that decide the fate of proteins involved in various cellular processes in an energy‐dependent manner. The proteasomal system performs its function by selectively destroying the proteins labelled with the small protein ubiquitin. Dysfunctional proteasomal activity is allegedly involved in various clinical disorders such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, ageing, and so forth, making it an important therapeutic target. Notably, compared to healthy cells, cancer cells have a higher protein homeostasis requirement and a faster protein turnover rate. The ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS) helps cancer cells increase rapidly and experience less apoptotic cell death. Therefore, understanding UPS is essential to design and discover some effective inhibitors for cancer therapy. Hereby, we have focused on the role of the 26S proteasome complex, mainly the UPS, in carcinogenesis and seeking potential therapeutic targets in treating numerous cancers.
Validation of CBCL depression scores of adolescents in three independent datasets
Authors: Zelenina Marie , Pine Daniel S. , Stringaris Argyris , Nielson Dylan M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundDepression is common, burdensome, and is frequently first diagnosed in adolescents. The popular Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development dataset (ABCD) provides an attractive opportunity to research depression in adolescents. The only continuous measure of depression, as defined by DSM‐5, in ABCD is the Child Behavior Checklist's DSM‐5‐Oriented Affective Problems scale (CBCL‐Aff). We validated CBCL‐Aff in the ABCD data and confirmed our results on two independent datasets: the Healthy Brain Network (HBN) and the Brazilian High Risk Cohort Study (BHRC).MethodsWe tested Sensitivity, Specificity and Strict Specificity. Our participants were aged 8–11 years (ABCD) or 8–12 years (HBN, BHRC). Sample size was 183–1189 participants, depending on the analysis. Sample sizes and positive case ratios were established from power estimations. We evaluated goodness of prediction with AUCROCs.ResultsIn ABCD with parent‐report diagnoses, CBCL‐Aff had the AUCROC value of 0.95 in the Sensitivity and 0.87 in the Specificity analysis. In ABCD with child‐report diagnoses, CBCL‐Aff had the AUCROC of 0.62 (Sensitivity), 0.48 (Specificity) and 0.46 (Strict Specificity). In HBN and BHRC, CBCL‐Aff successfully predicted clinician‐report diagnoses (HBN Sensitivity: AUCROC = 0.86, Specificity: AUCROC = 0.71; BHRC Sensitivity: AUCROC = 0.90, Specificity: AUCROC = 0.80, Strict Specificity: AUCROC = 0.78).ConclusionsWe validated CBCL‐Aff as a measure of depression in adolescents aged 8–11 years and we recommend its use with the following limitation: as parents and children disagreed on the child's symptoms, we discuss implications of using a parent‐report only measure of child depression.
Effects of agronomical practices on potato growth, nutritional profile, and suitability for frying
Authors: Bruno Francesca , Hein Ingo , Jorat M Ehsan , Ledbetter Moira , Harrower Brian , Davies Ben , Sturrock Keith , Montague Gary , Knott Malcolm , McNamara Ged , Fiore Alberto 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the effect of sulfur nutrition, basalt rock aggregate (BA) application, with a carbon capture function, and speed breeding under light‐emitting diode (LED) light, on the nutritional profile of potatoes and acrylamide formation in crisp production.RESULTSTaurus potatoes grown with sulfur showed reduced glucose, sucrose, and total amino acids, and increased asparagine. No difference in acrylamide content was observed in crisps from Taurus and Lady Claire cultivars, with either sulfur or BA application. Speed breeding under LED light reduced plant height in all cultivars (50–60 cm) in comparison with controls (80–90 cm). Tubers grown under LED light exhibited higher levels of glucose and fructose, and increased formation of acrylamide in crisps (78.90% for Lady Claire, 592.58% for Taurus, and 70.25% for Desiree).CONCLUSIONSSulfur fertilization could benefit certain potato cultivars by lowering sugar levels in the tubers. Basal rock aggregate can be applied safely during the growth of potatoes as an innovative tool for sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, with no negative effect on tubers’ nutritional profile and no influence on acrylamide formation in crisps. The LED light conditions proved to be unsuitable for potato growth, especially if the potatoes were destined for the frying industry, increasing both sugars and acrylamide content. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Variations in ECM Topography, Fiber Alignment, Mechanical Stiffness, and Cellular Composition Between Ventral and Dorsal Ligamentum Flavum Layers: Insights Into Hypertrophy Pathogenesis
Authors: Tu Ting‐Yuan , Hsu Yu‐Chia , Yang Chia‐En , Shyong Yan‐Jye , Kuo Cheng‐Hsiang , Liu Yuan‐Fu , Shih Shu‐Shien , Lin Cheng‐Li 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a significant role in the development of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) and the histological differences between the ventral and dorsal layers of the hypertrophied ligamentum flavum. Although LFH is associated with increased fibrosis in the dorsal layer, comprehensive research exploring the characteristics of the ECM and its mechanical properties in both regions is limited. Furthermore, the distribution of fibrosis‐associated myofibroblasts within LFH remains poorly understood. This study aimed to bridge the existing knowledge gap concerning the intricate relationships between ECM characteristics, mechanical properties, and myofibroblast expression in LFH.MethodsHistological staining, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used to analyze the components, alignment, and mechanical properties of the ECM. Immunostaining and western blot analyses were performed to assess the distribution of myofibroblasts in LF tissues.ResultsThere were notable differences between the dorsal and ventral layers of the hypertrophic ligamentum flavum. Specifically, the dorsal layer exhibited higher collagen content and disorganized fibrous alignment, resulting in reduced stiffness. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a significantly greater presence of α‐smooth muscle actin (αSMA)‐stained cells, a marker for myofibroblasts, in the dorsal layer.ConclusionsThis study offers comprehensive insights into LFH by elucidating the distinctive ECM characteristics, mechanical properties, and cellular composition disparities between the ventral and dorsal layers. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of LFH and may inform future research and therapeutic strategies.
Component/Stimulus‐Dependent Multi‐Exciton Emission in Zr(IV)‐Based Organic Metal Halides Triggered by Supramolecular Assembly and Antimony Doping
Authors: Peng Hui , Tian Wei , Wei Qilin , Kong Linghang , Dai Guang , Zhao Jialong , Zou Bingsuo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecently, Sb3+‐activated 0D Zr(IV)‐based metal halides have gained enormous attention for their unique optical properties. However, realizing efficient white emission and multiple reversible emissions in a single system remains a great challenge. Parallelly, the currently reported Sb3+‐activated Zr(IV)‐based organic metal halides are mainly through aimless regulation of the type of A‐site organic cations, severely limiting their development. Herein, all‐inorganic Cs2ZrCl6:Sb3+ is employed as the conformational model, three different compounds of Sb3+‐doped [18‐crown‐6@A]2ZrCl6 (A = K, Rb, Cs) are developed via supramolecular assembly. All compounds show efficient tunable white emission with luminous efficiency of 91.28% for [18‐crown‐6@K]2ZrCl6:Sb3+, 84.84% for [18‐crown‐6@Rb]2ZrCl6:Sb3+, and 78.63% for [18‐crown‐6@Cs]2ZrCl6:Sb3+, which shall stem from Sb3+‐induced multi‐exciton emission in [SbCl6]3− octahedron. Particularly, the strong supramolecular interaction can enhance the structural rigidity and suppress nonradiative transitions, which is the dominated reason for [18‐crown‐6@A]2ZrCl6:Sb3+ exhibits efficient emission. The component/excitation/temperature/moisture‐dependent multiple reversible PL switching characteristics are observed in Sb3+‐doped [18‐crown‐6@A]2ZrCl6, which allows to demonstrate their applications in advanced optical anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption. Moreover, a single‐component white light‐emitting diode is also fabricated, which shows a high color rendering index of 96.1. Therefore, the work provides a feasible scheme for designing organic Zr(IV) halides with fascinating optical properties.
Single‐Shot on‐Chip Diffractive Speckle Spectrometer with High Spectral Channel Density
Authors: Zhang Zimeng , Song Qinghai , Xiao Shumin , Xu Ke 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe research on chip‐scale spectrometers is driven by the growing demand for miniaturized and integrated spectral sensors. The performance trade‐off between spectral resolution and bandwidth is one of the primary challenges for the community. While substantial progress has been made toward a vast number of spectral channels to overcome this issue, they either relied on sophisticated tuning mechanisms or required huge chip areas. In this work, a single‐shot spectrometer is demonstrated based on all passive on‐chip diffractive metasurfaces which is able to create the speckle pattern with richness of spectral information. By scaling the diffractive structure to three layers of metasurfaces, the number of spectral channels resolved from the speckle can be significantly increased due to the cascaded diffraction behaviors. The device is fabricated via a standard silicon photonic foundry with CMOS compatible process. A measured resolution of 47 pm is achieved across the bandwidth of 40 nm, yielding up to 851 spectral channels within a compact footprint of 150 µm × 300 µm. The corresponding spectral channel density reaches 18911 ch mm−2. It provides a possible means to develop single‐shot and compact on‐chip spectrometers beyond the resolution‐bandwidth limit.
Synthesis of Amphiphilic Polymer Co‐Networks via the Growth of a Living RAFT Network
Authors: Liu Ziyi , Zhang Yihan , Patrickios Costas S. , Jin Jianyong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, a different approach for synthesizing amphiphilic polymer co‐networks (APCNs) via the growth of a living RAFT (reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer) network, is presented. For the hydrophilic parent RAFT network, 2‐(Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) is used as the hydrophilic/polar monomer, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate 700 (PEGDA 700) as the hydrophilic cross‐linker, S,S‐Dibenzyl trithiocarbonate (DBTTC) as the RAFT agent, and 5,10,15,20‐Tetraphenyl‐21H,23H‐porphine zinc (ZnTPP) as the photocatalyst. Subsequently, the hydrophobic monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA) is incorporated into the parent network to form the amphiphilic daughter network, following the network growth protocol established by the group in 2019. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are employed to characterize the resulting APCN daughter network. Most importantly, the amphiphilicity of the APCN network is evaluated through swelling tests in water and n‐hexane. This approach offers advantages in tuning the network's amphiphilicity by simply adjusting the photogrowth time or the crosslinking density of the parent gel. Also, this technique can reduce the time and effort required to produce APCNs.
Algorithm‐Generated Identity Labeling Promotes Identity‐Consistent Product Preferences
Authors: Shen Zhengyu , Hu Yunxuan , Yin Yunlu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA surging amount of companies have employed algorithms to generate identity labels for consumers, aiming to attract their interest and boost their engagement in marketing activities. However, it remains unclear whether consumers' social and product preferences may be shaped by the identity labels generated by the platform, depending on the source of these labels (i.e., whether identity labels are generated by algorithms or humans). Three studies covering different scenarios involving various identity labels and their corresponding identity‐consistent products show that algorithm‐generated (vs. human‐generated) identity labels enhance consumers' preferences for identity‐consistent products. We further demonstrate that this effect occurs because consumers exposed to algorithm‐generated identity labels exhibit a heightened expected accuracy of algorithmic predictions and a stronger strength of identification, which subsequently fosters their identity‐consistent product preferences. Our findings advance the understanding of consumer responses to algorithm‐generated information and offer valuable insights for companies to leverage algorithmic technology to nudge consumer behavior.
Optic Disc Pallor in Parkinson's Disease: A UK Biobank Study
Authors: Gibbon Samuel , Breen David P. , MacGillivray Thomas J. ,   UK Biobank Eye & Vision Consortium
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have suggested that retinal changes measured with optical coherence tomography are detectable in early Parkinson's disease (PD), highlighting the potential of ophthalmic biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring.ObjectiveWe set out to investigate the relationship between optic disc pallor measured in fundoscopy images and both prevalent and incident PD.MethodsWe analyzed color fundus photographs from 787 UK Biobank participants: 89 with prevalent PD, 317 with incident PD, and 381 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Optic disc pallor in several zones was quantified using semi‐automated software. We used logistic and linear regression, adjusted for relevant covariates, to test for associations between disc pallor and PD status and duration.ResultsParticipants with prevalent PD had significantly paler optic discs globally (OR per standard deviation [SD] increase = 1.39 [CI: 1.08–1.81], P = 0.012) and across several zones compared to controls. Each year since PD diagnosis was associated with a 1.37 SD increase in global pallor (standardized β = 1.37 [SE = 0.61], P = 0.029), and a similar increase across several zones, however, this finding was sensitive to outliers with long disease duration. No significant associations were observed for the incident PD group.ConclusionsOptic disc pallor is significantly associated with PD and may become more pronounced with disease duration. This suggests that optic disc pallor, measured in routinely taken color fundus photographs, may serve as a biomarker for PD‐related neurodegeneration. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
A magnetic field compatible readout circuit for enhanced coincidence time resolution in BGO Cherenkov radiation–based TOF‐PET detectors
Authors: Pourashraf Shirin , Cates Joshua W. , Levin Craig S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundDeveloping time‐of‐flight positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (TOF‐PET/MRI) detectors that exploit prompt Cherenkov photons from bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals for estimating 511 keV photon arrival time.PurposeTo present a low‐noise, high‐speed electronic readout circuit design for BGO‐based TOF‐PET detectors that achieves enhanced coincidence time resolution (CTR) in presence of a strong magnetic field.MethodsThe CTR of a BGO‐based TOF‐PET test detector employing a high‐speed, low‐noise electronic readout chain was evaluated in a strong magnetic field produced by a permanent magnet placed directly on top of the circuit. For these experiments, which exploit Cherenkov radiation for precise measurement of annihilation photon time arrival time difference, a point source of 22Na was positioned between a pair of 3 × 3 × 15 mm3 polished BGO crystals wrapped in Teflon tape and optically coupled to 3 × 3 mm2 ultra‐violet (UV)‐sensitive silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs).ResultsBy incorporating both Cherenkov (prompt) and standard (slow) luminescence components, 283 ± 8 ps and 275 ± 10 ps full‐width‐half‐maximum (FWHM) CTR were achieved without and with the permanent magnet present, respectfully. These values improved to 236 ± 4 ps and 216 ± 17 ps FWHM when only the Cherenkov components of the timing signal (events with the fastest rise time) were considered.ConclusionsResults indicate we have designed a high‐performance readout circuit that achieves significantly the same CTR in BGO with or without a strong magnetic field present. This further demonstrates that UV SiPMs can effectively operate in a strong magnetic field while remaining highly advantageous for detecting Cherenkov radiation, thus highlighting their potential to be used in BGO‐based TOF‐PET/MRI scanners.
Impact of multi‐function SiO2‐nanoscale ionic materials on the curing kinetics of epoxy resin: New approach to improve curing characteristics of thermoset polymers
Authors: Farzanehfar Negar , Taheri Ashkan , Rafiemanzelat Fatemeh , Moini Jazani Omid 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEpoxy resins (EP), as significant thermosetting macromolecules, are widely used in various engineering applications due to their wide range of properties. However, the poor control over curing process of EP, limits their manufacturing process. Here, a SiO2‐nanoscale ionic materials (SiO2‐NIMs)/EP nanocomposite was prepared. The Friedman, Kissinger, Ozawa, Málek, and Friedman autocatalytic models were used to determine kinetic parameters and reaction models, which demonstrates that the SiO2‐NIMs improve the curing characteristics of EP through an exclusive mechanism. The solvent role of SiO2‐NIMs decreased viscosity and increased reactant mobility, leading to increased curing reactivity. The multi‐function groups in the corona‐canopy make multiple hydrogen bonding and proton transfer interactions in EP resin, leading to the autocatalytic curing mechanism and effectiveness of treatments. The frequency factor of EP increased by 9% with the addition of SiO2‐NIMs. The differential scanning calorimetry tests revealed that SiO2‐NIMs decreased Tonset and Tpeak compared to EP. The non‐isothermal rheometric mechanical spectrometery (RMS) test indicated that SiO2‐NIMs decreased the Tgel of EP resin from 75 to 71°C and increased the initial storage modulus by 90.9%. This study introduces SiO2‐NIMs as significant fillers to enhance control over the process conditions and curing kinetic of EP resin for advanced applications such as aerospace and satellite industries.Highlights
Introducing new catalyst based on 3D‐dynamic networks strategy of SiO2‐NIMs.
The SiO2‐NIMs show great potential in improving curing characteristics of EP.
The SiO2‐NIMs increase the frequency factor of EP by 9%.
The RMS test indicated SiO2‐NIMs increased initial storage modulus by 90.9%.
The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that SiO2‐NIMs accelerate curing process of EP.
Optimizing Photovoltaic Soiling Loss Predictions in Louisiana: A Comparative Study of Measured and Modeled Data Using a Novel Approach
Authors: Kumar Deepak Jain Veerendra , Ritter Kenneth A. , Raush Johnathan Richard , Ferdowsi Farzad , Gottumukkala Raju , Chambers Terrence Lynn 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have shown that soiling losses on photovoltaic (PV) modules can lead to reduced power output of up to 80% in PV systems. Therefore, accurate determination of soiling loss plays a crucial role in predicting PV output and ensuring optimized cleaning schedules. The study focused on measuring soiling loss at a 1.1 MW outdoor testing facility in Louisiana, United States, using a DustIQ device, a commercially available soiling sensor. The maximum soiling loss recorded for DustIQ Sensor 1 was 7.5% on August 27, 2023, during the dry season. The measured data was fitted using the well‐established Kimber and HSU models (based on PM2.5 and PM10) by optimizing the least squares error, resulting in observed mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of approximately 0.82% and 0.78%, respectively. One feature of these models is that it is assumed that the solar panels will be completely cleaned after a rain event that reaches a set threshold limit. However, in‐field testing at the site shows that assumption to be flawed, because the soiling ratio did not return to 1 or 100% even after significant rainfall events. To address this, improved versions of the Kimber and HSU models were developed to more accurately represent the recovery of the soiling ratio after rainfall events. The results demonstrated significant improvements, with the modified Kimber models achieving reductions in root mean squared error (RMSE) of 23%, 13%, and 1% compared to the optimized Kimber model, while the modified HSU model exhibited a 12% reduction in RMSE over the optimized HSU model. The overall MAPE was less than 1% for all models.