bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributed generator and capacitor‐embedded reconfiguration in three‐phase unbalanced distribution systems using teaching learning‐based optimization
Authors: Mehroliya Shweta , Arya Anoop 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the transmission and distribution networks, both active and reactive power play significant roles. While active power does the beneficial work, reactive power maintains the voltage that necessitates management from a system reliability perspective. The voltage variation from the nominal range may result in unintentional operation and early component failure. To maximize the amount of real power that can be transported over the power‐transmitting media, the system must also control reactive power flow. In a three‐phase unbalanced distribution system reinforced with distributed generator units (DGUs) and shunt capacitor units (SCUs), this paper suggests a teaching learning‐based optimization (TLBO) approach to be applied to combinatorial problems for simultaneous reduction of real power loss and net reactive power flow, enhance voltage stability index (VSI) and minimize aggregated voltage deviation index. A multiobjective formulation based on TLBO has been implemented to choose the ideal sizes and placements of DGUs and SCUs in large distribution networks. The case studies have been carried out on an IEEE 33‐bus standard system and a large 123‐bus unbalanced system. The analysis of the IEEE 33‐ and 123‐bus test systems reveals the economic efficiency of the suggested TLBO algorithm. Notably, by applying DG and capacitor simultaneously in the 33‐bus system, a significant reduction of 59.35%, 55.05%, and 50.76% (phases a, b, and c), and for the 123‐bus system, a significant reduction of 43.65%, 19%, and 48.65% (phases a, b, and c) in total active power losses have been achieved. The results suggest that the proposed method renders significant improvement in voltage stability and reduces power losses concerning the base case for both test systems.
Electrodeposition of Manganese Dioxide under Different Conditions: Application of MnO2/Carbon Fibers in the Electrosorption Process
Authors: Issa Zainab M. , Salman Rasha H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnodic electrodeposition was used to synthesize a composite electrode of nanostructured manganese dioxide/carbon fiber (CF) galvanostatically. Different characterization results of the nanostructured MnO2 were obtained by varying the H2SO4 concentration and the current density. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy were utilized to characterize the prepared composite electrodes. The best conditions were: 0.3 mA cm−2 current density and 0.64 M H2SO4 concentration. The electrosorption performance of the MnO2/CF electrode prepared under the best conditions was tested by way of its chromium(VI) ion adsorption from a simulated solution. The applied voltage, pH, and ionic strength affect the efficiency of Cr(VI) ion removal. The highest chromium removal efficiency was 99.98 %, achieved at pH 2, a cell voltage of 4.6 V, and a NaCl concentration of 1 g L−1.
Visible Light Mediated Co‐Catalyzed Isocyanide Insertion with Sulfonyl Azide: Synthesis of Sulfonyl Carbamimidic Azide and Sulfonyl Aminotetrazole via Carbodiimide Intermediate
Authors: Ravindra Sundaresan , Natarajan Kannan , Padma Priya Vetrivel R. , Kataria Ramesh , Nandi Ganesh Chandra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHerein, we report an operationally simple and efficient protocol to prepare sulfonyl carbamimidic azide and N‐sulfonyl aminotetrazole via Co‐catalyzed three component coupling of sulfonyl azide (acts as nitrene source), isocyanide, and TMS‐azide at room temperature under visible light. Initially, the carbamimidic azide is formed, which cyclizes only in the presence of base to deliver N‐sulfonyl aminotetrazole in very good yields. The sulfonyl aminotetrazole can also be synthesized directly without isolating the carbamimidic azide in the presence of base. The sulfonyl azide is anticipated to generate nitrene and reacts with isocyanide to produce carbodiimide. Subsequent addition of azide (TMS‐N3) to carbodiimide results in the formation of carbamimidic azide.
Nitrogen‐Doped Starbons®: Methodology Development and Carbon Dioxide Capture Capability
Authors: Barker Ryan E. , Brand Michael C. , Clark James H. , North Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFive nitrogen sources (glycine, β‐alanine, urea, melamine and nicotinamide) and three heating methods (thermal, monomodal microwave and multimodal microwave) are used to prepare nitrogen‐doped Starbons® derived from starch. The materials are initially produced at 250–300 °C (SNx300y), then heated in vacuo to 800 °C to produce nitrogen‐doped SNx800y’s. Melamine gives the highest nitrogen incorporation without destroying the Starbon® pore structure and the microwave heating methods give higher nitrogen incorporations than thermal heating. The carbon dioxide adsorption capacities of the nitrogen‐doped Starbons® determined gravimetrically, in many cases exceed those of S300 and S800. The carbon dioxide, nitrogen and methane adsorption isotherms of the most promising materials are measured volumetrically. Most of the nitrogen‐doped materials show higher carbon dioxide adsorption capacities than S800, but lower methane and nitrogen adsorption capacities. As a result, the nitrogen‐doped Starbons® exhibit significantly enhanced carbon dioxide versus nitrogen and methane versus nitrogen selectivities compared to S800.
Deep learning methods for blood flow reconstruction in a vessel with contrast enhanced x‐ray computed tomography
Authors: Shusong Huang , Monica Sigovan , Bruno Sixou 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe reconstruction of blood velocity in a vessel from contrast enhanced x‐ray computed tomography projections is a complex inverse problem. It can be formulated as reconstruction problem with a partial differential equation constraint. A solution can be estimated with the a variational adjoint method and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) basis. In this work, we investigate new inversion approaches based on PODs coupled with deep learning methods. The effectiveness of the reconstruction methods is shown with simulated realistic stationary blood flows in a vessel. The methods outperform the reduced adjoint method and show large speed‐up at the online stage.
Transformation of CO2 to Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition using a Metal‐Supported Hierarchical Zeolite Template
Authors: Nunthakitgoson Watinee , Rodaum Chadatip , Pornsetmetakul Peerapol , Wattanakit Chularat , Wattana Piyarat , Thivasasith Anawat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe conversion of CO2 into valuable substances is a topic of great interest in current research. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have emerged as highly promising materials for CO2 conversion. In this study, we successfully developed a catalyst by loading active transition metals (Fe or Ni) onto hierarchical zeolite for CNT synthesis. Our catalyst demonstrated excellent performance under synthetic conditions. The most favorable CNT was obtained using the 25 wt.% FeHieFAU catalyst, which exhibited a diameter size of 23.1 nm, a CNT yield of 15.4 %, and an ID/IG ratio of 0.56, indicating high quality. Additionally, we investigated the beneficial effects of the synthesized CNT by testing their current response. Notably, the current response of the synthesized CNT surpassed that of commercial CNT when using a 0.5 M H2SO4 supporting electrolyte and cyclic voltammetry (V vs. Ag/AgCl). These findings highlight the significant contributions of the small diameter and superior quality of our synthesized pure CNT, which offer potential improvements in current response compared to commercial CNT. This research opens new avenues for utilizing CNT in CO2 conversion and electrochemical applications.
Cross‐sectional and longitudinal evaluation of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein to detect and predict clinical syndromes of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ally Madeline , Sugarman Michael A. , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Ashton Nicholas J. , Karikari Thomas K. , Aparicio Hugo J. , Frank Brandon , Tripodis Yorghos , Martin Brett , Palmisano Joseph N. , Steinberg Eric G. , Simkin Irene , Farrer Lindsay A. , Jun Gyungah R. , Turk Katherine W. , Budson Andrew E. , O'Connor Maureen K. , Au Rhoda , Goldstein Lee E. , Kowall Neil W. , Killiany Ronald , Stern Robert A. , Stein Thor D. , McKee Ann C. , Qiu Wei Qiao , Mez Jesse , Alosco Michael L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as a biomarker of cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) with and against plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), and phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)181+231.MethodsPlasma samples were analyzed using Simoa platform for 567 participants spanning the AD continuum. Cognitive diagnosis, neuropsychological testing, and dementia severity were examined for cross‐sectional and longitudinal outcomes.ResultsPlasma GFAP discriminated AD dementia from normal cognition (adjusted mean difference = 0.90 standard deviation [SD]) and mild cognitive impairment (adjusted mean difference = 0.72 SD), and demonstrated superior discrimination compared to alternative plasma biomarkers. Higher GFAP was associated with worse dementia severity and worse performance on 11 of 12 neuropsychological tests. Longitudinally, GFAP predicted decline in memory, but did not predict conversion to mild cognitive impairment or dementia.DiscussionPlasma GFAP was associated with clinical outcomes related to suspected AD and could be of assistance in a plasma biomarker panel to detect in vivo AD.
Extreme precipitation promotes invasion in managed grasslands
Authors: Ratcliffe Hugh , Kendig Amy , Vacek Sara , Carlson Daren , Ahlering Marissa , Dee Laura E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme events like drought and flooding, which threaten to amplify other global change drivers such as species invasion. We investigate the effect of wet and dry extreme precipitation regimes on invasive species' abundances in northern tallgrass prairies. Because soil moisture is a key determinant of prairie composition, theory and evidence suggest drought conditions will hinder invasion, whereas wetter conditions will enhance invasion. To test this hypothesis, we explored the effect of precipitation on invasive plant species abundance from 2010 to 2019 in 25 managed prairies using observations from 267 transects comprising 6675 plots throughout western Minnesota, USA. We estimated how increases in the number of extremely wet or dry months in a year altered overall invasive species abundance and the abundance of the highly invasive grasses Poa pratensis and Bromus inermis. We found that a greater occurrence of abnormally wet months increased invasive species abundance but found mixed evidence that abnormally dry conditions hindered invasion. Further, more moderately wet and dry months reduced native grass abundance. Together, these results suggest that more frequent extremely wet months may intensify invasive dominance and that dry months may not counterbalance these trends. Given the considerable uncertainty still surrounding the interactive effects of climate change and invasion on native plant communities, this research represents an important step toward quantifying the complex influence of precipitation extremes on invasion dynamics in managed ecosystems of critical conservation concern.
Intra‐individual cortical networks in Anorexia Nervosa: Evidence from a longitudinal dataset
Authors: Collantoni Enrico , Alberti Francesco , Dahmen Brigitte , von Polier Georg , Konrad Kerstin , Herpertz‐Dahlmann Beate , Favaro Angela , Seitz Jochen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis work investigates cortical thickness (CT) and gyrification patterns in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) before and after short‐term weight restoration using graph theory tools.Methods38 female adolescents with AN underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging scans at baseline and after ‐ on average ‐ 3.5 months following short‐term weight restoration while 53 age‐matched healthy controls (HCs) were scanned once. Graph measures were compared between groups and longitudinally within the AN group. Associations with clinical measures such as age of onset, duration of illness, BMI standard deviation score (BMI‐SDS), and longitudinal weight changes were tested via stepwise regression.ResultsCortical thickness graphs of patients with acute AN displayed lower modularity and small‐world index (SWI) than HCs. Modularity recovered after weight gain. Reduced global efficiency and SWI were observed in patients at baseline compared to HCs based on gyrification networks. Significant associations between local clustering of CT at admission and BMI‐SDS, and clustering/global efficiency of gyrification and duration of illness emerged.ConclusionsOur results indicate a shift towards less organised CT networks in patients with acute AN. After weight recovery, the disarrangement seems to be partially reduced. However, longer‐term follow‐ups are needed to determine whether cortical organizational patterns fully return to normal.
Effect of Cichorium glandulosum on intestinal microbiota and bile acid metabolism in db/db mice
Authors: Yan Junlin , Zhang Rui , Kang Jinsen , Zhong Yewei , Abudurexiti Adalaiti , Tan Huiwen , Lei Yi , Ma Xiaoli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of Chorum glandulosum Boiss. et Huet (CG) on the intestinal microbiota and serum bile acid (BA) in db/db mice. A total of 12 db/db mice were randomly divided into model (MOD), high‐dose CG (CGH), and control (CON) groups. The CON and MOD groups received distilled water by gavage for 8 weeks. Whereas, the CGH group received an alcohol extract of CG at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day. Results showed that CG can reduce blood lipid levels. It change the composition of the intestinal microbiota, and increase the relative abundances of Muribaculaceae, Prevotellaceae, Bifidobacterium_pseudolongum, Bacteroidaceae in db/db mice as well. LC–MS metabolomics results showed that CG adjusted the serum BA levels. The results reduced the levels of primary BAs, such as cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). The results decreased the primary BA/secondary BA (PSA/SBA) ratio in db/db mice. Correlation analysis showed that the abundances of Bifidobacterium_pseudolongum and Bacteroidaceae were positively correlated with acetic acid level and negatively correlated with ursocholic acid (UCA), α‐muricholic acid (αMCA), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol levels (TC), indicating an interaction between the intestinal microbiota and serum BAs. CG may play a positive role in the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and BAs in lipid metabolism.
Geomorphological and meteorological drivers of ephemeral pond hydrology in the Canadian shield forest
Authors: Roux Marjolaine , Larocque Marie , Nolet Philippe , Bizhanimanzar Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEphemeral ponds in cold and humid forested regions are often vulnerable because of their small size and ephemeral nature. The aim of this study was to identify the geomorphological and meteorological drivers of ephemeral pond hydrology in the forests of cold and humid climates. A multi‐year study of 40 ponds was conducted in the Kenauk forest located in the Canadian Shield of the Outaouais region (Quebec, Canada). Pond bathymetry, mineral and organic sediment thickness, watershed area, slope, canopy cover and maximum depth were measured in‐situ. The spring hydroperiod (the period during which there is water in the ponds between April and October) as well as the surface and groundwater recession rates were measured throughout the study period, from 2016 to 2020. Data from this study show that ponds located at lower altitudes in the landscape are larger, receive water from a larger area, and have longer hydroperiods than ponds located at higher altitudes. The results demonstrated a connection between the ponds and the surrounding aquifer. Spring and early summer precipitation was shown to affect hydroperiods the most, while summer precipitation influenced the presence of water in the ponds from April to October. Winter precipitation appear determinant for pond recession rates. Simple multiple regression models were able to simulate hydroperiods and hydroperiod indices relatively well, but pond recession rates were not well represented by the models. This study brings original multi‐year and multi‐site data identifying parameters and variables that determine ephemeral pond hydrology in cold and humid climates. The results provide new insights into their resilience on the landscape and bring new arguments for their long‐term protection.
An evaluation of the psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties scale in Turkey: Implications for other non‐WEIRD countries
Authors: Ruffman Ted , Selcuk Bilge , Yavus‐Muren H. Melis , Arikan Kubra , Tuncay Ipek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a very widely used scale in which parents, teachers or the child rate various aspects of the child's well‐being. It is widely used in the Western world and is translated into 80+ languages. It is also used in countries that do not classify as WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic). However, unlike WEIRD countries, some studies indicate that the psychometric properties of the SDQ when used in non‐WEIRD countries are questionable. Therefore, we gave the SDQ to the mothers and teachers of 310 3‐ to 5‐year‐olds in urban centres of Turkey and examined its psychometric properties. Turkey is not a WEIRD country because it is not Western, although the participants in our study were well educated, living in an industrialized area, rich relative to others in Turkey (although poor relative to Westerners) and democratic. As such, it is not drastically different from WEIRD countries and our question was whether even relatively small deviations from standard WEIRD criteria could result in questionable psychometric properties for the SDQ.
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Authors: Bae Byungjoon , Baek Yongmin , Yang Jeongyong , Lee Heesung , Sonnadara Charana S. S. , Jung Sangeun , Park Minseong , Lee Doeon , Kim Sihwan , Giri Gaurav , Shah Sahil , Yoo Geonwook , Petri William A. , Lee Kyusang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFast and accurate SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis based on simultaneous detection of antigen and antibody enhanced by near‐sensor neural network.
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Influence of Hyperbaric Oxygen on the Pharmacokinetics of Single‐Dose Gentamicin in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Merritt Gerald J. , Slade J. Benjamin 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To determine the single‐dose pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in healthy humans undergoing hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure.Design. Randomized, crossover trial.Setting. Specialized hyperbaric research facility within a United States Air Force medical center.Subjects. Five healthy men between 28 and 43 years of age.Interventions. Each subject received a total of two doses of intravenous gentamicin 1.5 mg/kg lean body weight spaced at least 2 weeks apart. One dose was infused under normobaric oxygen (NBO) conditions and the other under HBO conditions.Measurements and Main Results. Gentamicin pharmacokinetic values were determined on 11 serum samples per subject collected sequentially out to 300 minutes after infusion. Using PCNONLIN, the following results demonstrated no difference between the pharmacokinetic values under HBO and NBO conditions, respectively: β half‐life (112, 115 min); volume of distribution (0.201, 0.184 L/kg); peak concentration (6.52, 7.23 mg/L); clearance (0.0754, 0.0676 L/kg/hr).Conclusions. Hyperbaric oxygen produced no changes in the measured pharmacokinetic values of gentamicin under the conditions specified in this study. It is possible that numerous HBO exposures could produce a cumulative effect on gentamicin pharmacokinetics that would not be discernible in a single‐dose study. Because of the profound physiologic effects of HBO, drugs with narrow therapeutic indexes should be evaluated under HBO conditions if they are to be given to patients receiving HBO treatments.
Cell Proliferation in the Dorsal and Lateral Lobes of the Rat Prostate During Postnatal Development
Authors: BANERJEE SUBHADRA , BANERJEE PARTHA P. , ZIRKIN BARRY R. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTWe have shown previously that cell proliferation occurs throughout the ducts of the rat ventral prostate during its postnatal development. Our objectives herein were to identify and quantify proliferating cells in the dorsal and lateral lobes, to quantify DNA synthetic activity in the distal and proximal segments of these lobes, and to compare the results obtained to the results of our previous studies of the ventral lobe. [3H]‐Thymidine, administered in vivo, was incorporated into both the distal and proximal segments of day 10–60 rat dorsal and lateral prostates. Quantitative analyses of autoradiographs revealed that the percentages of labeled cells in the distal and proximal segments of the dorsal and lateral lobes were not significantly different at days 45 and 60, and they were only slightly (though significantly) different at days 10 and 20. Biochemical analyses of [3H]‐thymidine incorporation similarly revealed no significant differences in the distal and proximal segments at days 45 and 60, and only small differences at days 10 and 20. The results of analyses of mitotic figures were consistent with the results of autoradiographic analyses, showing clearly that cell proliferation occurs throughout the rat dorsal and lateral prostates. These results show for the first time that cell proliferation occurs throughout the dorsal and lateral lobes, strikingly reminiscent of the proliferation pattern that we reported previously for the ventral lobe.
Characterization of K Currents in Cultured Human Corporal Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: CHRIST G. J. , SPRAY D. C. , BRINK P. R. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTIn order to gain more mechanistic insight into the regulation of corporal smooth muscle tone, we conducted electrophysiological studies on homogeneous explant cell cultures of human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle. Patch clamp analyses in the whole cell mode revealed a mean resting potential of −43 = 4.9 m V (n = 12 cells). Large whole cell outward K currents were very prominent in these cells, and ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 nA. In some cells, a transient, voltage‐dependent A current accounted for a significant portion of the observed whole cell currents. Furthermore, stimulation with the calcium channel agonist BAY K 8644 or the K channel agonist pinacidil doubled the magnitude of the whole cell K current, as would be expected for maxi‐K (Kca) and metabolically gated K channels (KATP), respectively. Single channel recordings in the detached patch mode consistently revealed the presence of at least two K channels: 1) a Kca channel, with a conductance of = 190 pS; and 2) a putative delayed rectifier channel with a conductance of =50 pS. Furthermore, all channel types showed some degree of voltage and/or calcium sensitivity. In conclusion, the large magnitude of the whole cell K currents and the observed K channel heterogeneity indicate a potentially important role for these channels in modulating corporal smooth muscle tone.