bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Considerations for Selecting Sustainable Corrosion Resistant Pipeline Solutions for the Oil & Gas Industry
Authors: Bouey Samuel , Sakell Aethan , Sakr Assaad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This presentation will discuss how the existing corrosion resistant pipeline solutions measure against the performance characteristics required for safe and reliable corrosion-resistant pipelines in the oil and gas industry.
This evaluation will survey the performance requirements of corrosion-resistant pipeline solutions considering technical, construction, economic and ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) perspectives and will compare those requirements to the characteristics of the available corrosion-resistant pipeline systems. This presentation also includes a case study covering the use of an innovative factory lined carbon steel pipeline product in a produced water network for a global exploration and production company in the Rocky Mountain region of the USA.
As the corrosion-resistant pipeline options are engineered systems that vary in construction, performance, economics and ESG characteristics, this presentation will highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the various corrosion-resistant pipeline options and will provide criteria for material selection in order to achieve safe and reliable corrosion-resistant pipelines within the oil and gas industry.
This presentation will provide the pipelines professional with relevant considerations to support the decision-making process related to the material selection of corrosion-resistant pipelines.
Mechanical Evaluation and Intervention in Non-Metallic Tubulars Using Current Technologies
Authors: Larbi Zeghlache Mohamed , Al-Muhammadi Khaled , Pervaiz Iqbal , Maity Sandip 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With increasing interest in non-metallic products for downhole applications, such as the fiberglass tubing, it is essential to ensure the well integrity in similar way as standard carbon steel completions. One important aspect of well integrity is the ability to routinely access the downhole condition of the tubing and perform basic intervention. This paper demonstrates the testing and validation of different mechanical evaluations of the integrity of fiberglass tubing using logging and intervention tools.
In this work, two joints of Fiberglass were connected together in order to study the effect of logging and intervention tools on the integrity of these joints from inner and outer surfaces as well as the structural integrity. For inner wall evaluation, a multifinger caliper tool was run inside the two joints several times in order to investigate potential damage caused by the fingers. In addition, a tubing puncher was used to punch a hole and characterize the surface damage and any effects on the structural integrity of the fiberglass. Furthermore, a tubing cut was performed in order to confirm the performance of the cutting tool in such environment. All the tests were conducted safely and successfully at surface using two different sizes of fiberglass tubing.
The tested tubulars were split cut to further investigate internal condition. The effect of applied fingertips on the inner wall surface of the fiberglass from several passes indicated minor scratches that can be further investigated using an accelerated wear test. The integrity of this non-metallic tubular can be evaluated using standard mechanical tools in order to identify defects and scale buildup. Other intervention tools such as the mechanical puncher and cutter indicated successful deployment under surface conditions.
Investigation of existing downhole evaluation and intervention technologies can provide an immediate assessment of the benefits and limitations with respect to unconventional completions such as the fiberglass tubing and other non-metallic pipes. Future research and development programs can rely on such solid basis to tailor advanced solutions for any specific application or products.
A Success Story of Using Deepwater Semisubmersible Drilling Rig for Workover Operation in 400 Meters Water Depth without Utilization of Anchoring System
Authors: Binilang Ronald , Pande Batara , Sare Johanes , Herputra Shanni , Rossi Massimo , Prayogo Denny , Shanks Colin , Wee Damien 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper will be focused on the engineering process for first-time experience workover operation in shallow water depth with a 6th generation semisubmersible drilling rig. The 6th generation semisubmersible drilling rig is designed for operations in water depths of up to 3000 meters, with a typical minimum water depth requirement of 600 meters. However, the operation described in this paper was conducted at a depth of 400 meters solely relying on the dynamic positioning (DP) stability system without any additional mooring and anchoring system. The paper will cover the environmental conditions, engineering processes for drilling rig qualifications, operations envelope, mitigation plan, summary of the drilling rig performance, and lesson learned during the campaign.
The well was initially completed in 2019 by generation 4 semisubmersible drilling rig with mooring assistance. However, indications of decreased production performance prompted the need for a workover intervention to restore the original production indicators. The workover operation was planned after development wells at nearby field with water depth ranging between 1300-1500 m. The well test was requested after the completion phase, which includes utilizations of Through BOP Intervention Riser System (TBIRS) inside the drilling riser. Due to the presence of subsea facilities surrounding the well, it was not advisable to use an anchoring system to maintain stability, as it could pose hazards to the flow line or umbilical in close proximity to the well.
Engineering preparation was made to qualify the capability of the rig to operate in the shallow water depth. Preliminary review showed technical concerns of deep-water drilling rig to operate below its minimum water depth. The key areas where then studied and assessed further to prepare for shallow operations include riser analysis and fatigue management (subsea Christmas tree, wellhead, and landing string component). Operation mitigation is then implemented thru dynamic positioning preparations, ESD management, rig heading, power generators reliability, riser angle and weather monitoring.
Based on assessment of actual data, the rig was successful in maintaining the operational window in terms of static load and time series load management. Stable station keeping and desired heading was achieved for most of the time which has resulted on ensuring structural load and fatigue of subsea equipment within the safety margin. Key success factors were the engineering assessment, early stage of preparation, real time monitoring of manual and electrical parameters, DP3 reliability, electro-hydraulic control system and great teamwork while performing the job.
Integrating Geochemistry with Other Reservoir Diagnostic Tools – Implications for Infill Planning and Development in the Midland Basin
Authors: Famubode Oyebode , Acosta Nelson , Bachleda Jana , Silva Cristhian , Gallegos Dana , Gomez Beatriz , Jin Muqing , Ge Shuangyu , Lv Tao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study examined parent-child well interaction in three stacked producing formations in an unconventional field in the Midland Basin. By combining geochemical fingerprinting to determine which formations were being drained along with pressure interference analysis, microseismic data, petrophysical data, and production results, we identified important trends that may affect landing and spacing decisions in future infill drilling and multi-bench development plans.
This paper describes a new workflow for integrating lithology, Oil-in-Place Index (OIPI), Rock Quality Index (RQI), and microseismic data to measure the influence of the parent wells on the child wells and the vertical drainage patterns of all the horizontal wells in the study area. Understanding these interactions and drainage volumes may lead to better field development planning and aid in decision making on the viability of field development projects.
Drilling and Well Construction in Lean Clearances in Northern Region of Pakistan
Authors: Iftikhar Ali , Nasrumminallah Muhammad , Rasheed Hassaan , Sabir Shahid Majeed , Sharif Yasir 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Subject well is an exploratory well with a target depth of +/- 6000M, in one of the most challenging northern region of Pakistan. Well has multiple challenges with regards to drilling and well construction the least to mention are losses, borehole instability, intercalated formations, with steep dips along with a fault. Lean clearances in a five Casing Strings well construction were a requirement to isolate the problematic zones for safe drilling, this included running of longest 16" Liner for the first time in Pakistan, borehole enlargement of 14 3/4" to 16", later on running of 13 5/8" Flush x 13 3/8" coupled connection casing with narrow annular clearance, with customized Cementing Job to avoid surging.
Running of 16" liner, drilling and construction of next section called for robust technical applications that includes drilling with aerated mud, running of 16" Liner with liner hanger for the first time in Pakistan, borehole enlargement while overcoming the various challenges as various formations (limestone, Sandstones, Clays) were drilled and later enlarged using hydraulic Under Reamer. Fit for purpose mud was used while drilling and further optimized to solid free for the smooth running of 13 5/8" × 13 3/8" Casing through lean clearance of 16" Liner. Casing running strategy has been devised to avoid Surge to formation at the same time ensuring it gets to bottom without any held up. The objectives of the section were met successfully. The paper will serve as a platform for other Operating companies in Pakistan to benefit from the lessons learnt and best drilling practices
Step-Change in Cement Design Assures Well Integrity Under Dynamic Stress
Authors: Mahmood Ahmad A. , Jan Usman A. , Khan Anum Y. , Rasheed Hassaan , Salazar Jose , Shah Khurram A. , Khan Shahjahan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Kohat Plateau in Pakistan features major Gas and Condensate producing fields with majority of the blocks owned and operated by two of the country's biggest E&P Operators. Operators are known to frequently encounter severe drilling challenges, and over time, have devised certain technology solutions that have helped curtail the major drilling challenges to a good extent, helping improve the time and cost expended in reaching the target depths. However, the problems arising after the Drilling cycle – foremost being Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP) – require expensive remedial treatments and loss of production; this paper presents a solution to this particular challenge of SCP including in-depth cause analysis, treatment design and implementation.
In the analysis stage, the drilling data of wells experiencing SCP in one of the Casing annuli was reviewed to pinpoint possible areas of compromised well integrity. It was observed that sections having good Cement bonds and sufficient Top of Cement in the annulus also became compromised over time, indicating operations conducted after the drilling phase could be responsible for the annular fluid migration, and hence SCP. It must be noted that extensive drill-stem tests to assess the reservoir economics as well as production pressures generate significant dynamic stress on the well structure. Through the use of custom stress-analysis software for annular Cement, it was concluded that it is this stress that causes the primary isolation of the constructed well, the annular Cement, to fail allowing annular migration of formation fluids. A new class of stress-resistant, auto-repair Cements was seen to resist any mechanical failure under stress enabling Operators to drill wells with lasting structural integrity. Mechanical properties including Young's Modulus, Poisson Ratio and Annular Expansion co-efficient were analyzed to design a Cement system capable of withstanding the applied stress. The first in-country application was conducted as the Intermediate-section Cementing in a new well. The system exhibited good isolation with average 10mV amplitude (free pipe amplitude 51 mV) in Cased Hole bond logs and no annular pressure is observed till date in the section more than 02 years after the primary cementing operation.
This design approach was subsequently extended to other fields, with successful applications that reduced, and in certain cases, eliminated the need for remedial work. By presenting a detailed field application of flexible and self-healing Cement, the paper puts forth a general, stepwise approach for the selection of a Cement design that promises lasting annular isolation and minimizes the risk of communication behind the casing.
Comparative Analysis of Well Deliverabilities Through Different Perforation Strategies in a Mature Field, Deployment of Completion Conveyed Underbalance Perforation – A Case Study
Authors: Ansari Mansoor , Ijaz Muhammad , Ali Anjum Zulfiqar , Inam Sahir , ul Hussnain Muhammad Sana , Ullah Rafi , Shafee Imran , Zia Faisal , Atiq Ibtihaj 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Wellbore deliverability impairment caused during drilling, testing, and completion operations remains an inevitable operational challenge. The TCP Shoot and Pull perforation method is widely deployed in the country; however, the requirement of kill cycle afterward ultimately hinders the perforation performance. On the other hand, underbalance perforations post well completion presents their challenges with limited IDs, compromised penetration (smaller gun size), and most importantly; maintaining underbalance in subsequent perforation runs. Therefore, the Operational Best Practices developed throughout the years needs to be tailored as per individual well requirement.
The performance of the existing perforation methodology of TCP Shoot & Pull (Overbalanced) and Thru-Tubing (Underbalanced / Balanced) were evaluated for recently completed wells in a mature gas field. The well test interpretation indicated near wellbore damage in wells completed overbalance across the sandstone formation, significantly affecting the deliverability of the wells.
Unlike most carbonates, Acid Stimulation is not readily adopted for clastic formations due to its associated risks, therefore, it becomes quintessential to identify suitable perforation techniques to improve well deliverability. Completion Conveyed Perforation guns were successfully deployed at the newly drilled development well, which showed significant improvement in the well's deliverability compared to the existing methods of perforation.
This paper presents the successful application of Completion Conveyed Underbalance Perforations (CCUP) in development wells along with well performance improvement compared to previous strategies. The CCUP technique was risk assessed and selected for the new development wells in a mature gas field. The 4-1/2" casing guns were conveyed with a drop-sub assembly in the permanent packer tail. Following well completion operation, underbalance was induced in the wellbore. The guns were successfully activated and dropped in rat-hole through Slickline.
Engineered Ultra-Low Invasion Loss Control Solution Allows Circulation, Ensuring Cement Placement and Zonal Isolation in Liner Cementing Jobs and Through Coiled Tubing – Case Studies
Authors: Fazal Muhammad Adnan , Ahmad Syed Hamza , Yousuf Arif , Rehman Aziz ur , Noor Sameer Mustafa , Nazir Irfan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The conventional loss cure techniques are largely reactive and include addition of coarse grade particle, fibrous material and other viscous pills that are lost into formation during loss cure attempts. Being highly invasive, these loss cure solutions block pore throats and line producing fractures causing considerable formation damage and loss of net asset value. Moreover, these techniques pose additional challenges while placing thru slim liners and coiled tubing (in rigless applications) due to elevated risk of getting the circulation ports plugged. Moreover, during the era of technological revolution and decarbonization, an effective and efficient solution aids to promote the practices producing low carbon emission. The proactive wellbore shielding loss cure is a particle size distribution-based LCM solution having excellent fluid loss properties and exhibiting low permeability barrier at the fluid-rock interface. The low permeable shielding effect offers less invasion across a broad range of pores (1microns to 4,000microns) and thereby protecting formation from any permanent impairment. The solution covers the wide range applications of loss cure throughout well life ensuring zonal isolation and saving significant rig time. Customized particle size distribution does allow LCM solution to be pumpable thru liner complying the allowable particle sizes (less than 1,000microns) and concentrations (upto 18 lbs/bbl) and for coiled tubing specialized applications with allowable particles size of 100 microns while maintaining rheological properties (Fluid Loss&lt;50 ml/30 min, 5lbs/100ft2&gt;Ty&lt;10lbs/100ft2 & PV&lt;90 cp).
This paper demonstrates the working principle and practical applications of engineered solution for loss cure and successfully achieving zonal isolation in 7" liner being placed as pre-cement spacer in naturally fractured formation. The wellbore shielding pre-cement spacer ensured the cement rise above loss point thus achieving zonal isolation in partial to complete losses environment and helps in minimizing formation's impairment. The same approach was adopted to cure losses in rigless with coiled tubing in both carbonate and sandstone reservoirs for well killing and zonal isolation without plugging the CT BHA and circulation ports while complying design requirements.
5-Aza-4’-thio-2’-deoxycytidine induces C&gt;G transversions in a specific trinucleotide context and leads to acute lymphoid leukemia
Authors: Aplan Peter , Bertoli Ryan , Chung Yang Jo , Difilippantonio Michael , Wokasch Anthony , Marasco Madison , Klimaszewski Haley , Garber Susannah , Zhu Yuelin , Walker Robert , Cao Dengchao , Doroshow James , Meltzer Paul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi), most commonly cytidine analogs, are compounds that are used clinically to decrease 5’-cytosine methylation, with the aim of re-expression of tumor suppressor genes. We used a murine pre-clinical model of myelodysplastic syndrome based on transplantation of cells expressing a NUP98::HOXD13 transgene to investigate 5-Aza-4’-thio-2’-deoxycytidine (Aza TdCyd or ATC), a thiol substituted DNMTi, as a potential therapy. We found that ATC treatment led to lymphoid leukemia in wild-type recipient cells; further study revealed that healthy mice treated with ATC also developed lymphoid leukemia. Whole exome sequencing revealed thousands of acquired mutations, almost all of which were C > G transversions in a previously unrecognized, specific 5’-NCG-3’ context. These mutations involved dozens of genes well-known to be involved in human lymphoid leukemia, such as Notch1, Pten, Pax5, Trp53, and Nf1. Treatment of human cells in vitro showed thousands of acquired C > G transversions in a similar context. Deletion of Dck, the rate-limiting enzyme for the cytidine salvage pathway, eliminated C > G transversions. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that DNMTi can be potent mutagens in human and mouse cells, both in vitro and in vivo.
Structure of the dopamine D3 receptor bound to a bitopic agonist reveals a new specificity site in an expanded allosteric pocket
Authors: García-Nafría Javier , Arroyo-Urea Sandra , Nazarova Antonina , Carrión-Antolí Ángela , Bonifazi Alessandro , Battiti Francisco , Lam Jordy , Newman Amy , Katritch Vsevolod 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Although aminergic GPCRs are the target for ~25% of approved drugs, developing subtype selective drugs is a major challenge due to the high sequence conservation at their orthosteric binding site. Bitopic ligands are covalently joined orthosteric and allosteric pharmacophores with the potential to boost receptor selectivity, driven by the binding of the secondary pharmacophore to non-conserved regions of the receptor. Although bitopic ligands have great potential to improve current medications by reducing off-target side effects, the lack of structural information on their binding mode impedes rational design. Here we determine the cryo-EM structure of the hD3R coupled to a Go heterotrimer and bound to the D3R selective bitopic agonist FOB02-04A. Structural, functional and computational analyses provide new insights into its binding mode and point to a new TM2-ECL1-TM1 region, which requires the N-terminal ordering of TM1, as a major determinant of subtype selectivity in aminergic GPCRs. This region is underexploited in drug development, expands the established secondary binding pocket in aminergic GPCRs and could potentially be used to design novel and subtype selective drugs.
Shea tree agroforestry systems in Northern Ghana: Population structure, management of trees and impact of canopy microclimate
Authors: Jepsen Thea , Stopponi Gaia , Jørgensen Niels O. G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) is an important tree species in agroforestry systems and bushlands in West Africa and shea nuts are a fundamental resource for rural livelihoods. In this study, sustainability and interactions in agroforestry systems of shea trees were investigated around the Nakpalli village in Northern Ghana. Focus of the study was structure and density of shea tree populations, below-canopy microclimate and co-cultivation of yams (Dioscorea rotundata) under shea tree canopies, and water stress of the trees in the driest season. Shea tree populations are well conserved in this area, but Weibull-distributions of the tree populations and quantification of seedlings showed a lower tree density, especially of seedlings and small trees, in agroforestry fields and fallows, as compared to uncultivated bushlands. This indicates that intensified agroforestry practices might negatively affect the regeneration of shea populations and their long-term regeneration in these agroforestry systems. Co-cultivation of yams in shea canopies allowed production of 11.5 t/ha as compared to 20.8 kg/ha at open field conditions. The lower production may have been caused by an almost 74% reduction of photosynthetically active radiation below canopies, relative to outside the canopies. Shea trees in fields, fallows and bushlands had high predawn leaf water potentials, indicating a low water stress, even in the middle of the dry season. The thriving of shea in the area underlines the importance of conserving this well-adapted indigenous tree in the agroforestry systems and avoiding removal, e.g., by mechanical soil preparation and negative impacts from future climate extremes.