bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urolithin C alleviates pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes by activating Nrf2 signaling
Authors: Luo Cheng , Hou Can , Yang Danyi , Tan Tingting , Chao Chen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aims
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder that destroys insulin-generating pancreatic β-cells. Preserving pancreatic β-cell function is important for treating T1D. Our study aims to explore the mechanism underlying urolithin C (UC)-mediated regulation of β-cell function.

Methods
Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were administrated with UC to evaluate UC-mediated protection of T1D. The inflammation of the pancreas islets was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) assay and oral glucose tolerance test were applied to evaluate the progression of T1D. MIN6 cells were treated with TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ in the presence of UC. Cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8. Cell apoptosis, proliferation and DNA fragmentation were examined by Annexin V-FITC and PI staining, EdU incorporation and comet assays. Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 were examined by western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to detect Nrf2 and insulin.

Results
UC administration significantly reduced diabetes incidence, attenuated insulitis, elevated insulin levels and GSIS and reduced blood glucose and AUC in NOD mice. Cytokine treatment suppressed MIN6 cell viability and proliferation but enhanced apoptosis and DNA damage, and these detrimental effects were relieved by UC treatment. Furthermore, UC administration inhibited Keap1 expression and promoted the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 in NOD mice. Nrf2 signaling has been reported to be implicated in preventing the onset of diabetes, and HO-1 and NQO1 are phase II antioxidant enzymes that are regulated by Nrf2 signaling. Cytokine treatment upregulated Keap1 and downregulated Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 in MIN6 cells, but it was reversed by UC. The nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was prevented by cytokine treatment, but UC promoted its nuclear translocation. UC-mediated upregulation of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1, decreased cell apoptosis and increased proliferation and insulin secretion were abolished by silencing of Nrf2.

Conclusion
UC improves pancreatic β-cell function by activating Nrf2 signaling, thereby alleviating T1D progression.
Preliminary evidence that ketamine alters anterior cingulate resting-state functional connectivity in depressed individuals
Authors: Alexander Laith , Hawkins Peter C. T. , Evans Jennifer W. , Mehta Mitul A. , Zarate Carlos A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractActivity changes within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are implicated in the antidepressant effects of ketamine, but the ACC is cytoarchitectonically and functionally heterogeneous and ketamine’s effects may be subregion specific. In the context of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial investigating the clinical and resting-state fMRI effects of intravenous ketamine vs. placebo in patients with treatment resistant depression (TRD) vs. healthy volunteers (HV), we used seed-based resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) analyses to determine differential changes in subgenual ACC (sgACC), perigenual ACC (pgACC) and dorsal ACC (dACC) rsFC two days post-infusion. Across cingulate subregions, ketamine differentially modulated rsFC to the right insula and anterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex, compared to placebo, in TRD vs. HV; changes to pgACC-insula connectivity correlated with improvements in depression scores. Post-hoc analysis of each cingulate subregion separately revealed differential modulation of sgACC-hippocampal, sgACC-vmPFC, pgACC-posterior cingulate, and dACC-supramarginal gyrus connectivity. By comparing rsFC changes following ketamine vs. placebo in the TRD group alone, we found that sgACC rsFC was most substantially modulated by ketamine vs. placebo. Changes to sgACC-pgACC, sgACC-ventral striatal, and sgACC-dACC connectivity correlated with improvements in anhedonia symptoms. This preliminary evidence suggests that accurate segmentation of the ACC is needed to understand the precise effects of ketamine’s antidepressant and anti-anhedonic action.
Compatibility of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH)/EVA films with gamma, electron-beam, and X-ray irradiation
Authors: Ni Yelin , Bisel Tucker T. , Hasan Md Kamrul , Li Donghui , Fuchs Witold K. , Cooley Scott K. , Nichols Larry , Pharr Matt , Dupuy Nathalie , Marque Sylvain R. A. , Murphy Mark K. , Pillai Suresh D. , Dorey Samuel , Fifield Leonard S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany polymer-based medical devices are sterilized by gamma irradiation. To reduce the use of cobalt-60 gamma-ray sources, transition from gamma ray to alternative irradiation technologies was proposed, namely electron beam (e-beam) and X-ray. A major impediment for such a transition is the knowledge gap in material compatibility with the different radiation sources. In this study, multi-layer films consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) components were irradiated to target doses of 30, 45, and 60 kGy by gamma-ray, e-beam, and X-ray sources. Effects of irradiation were evaluated on 12 material properties, and statistical comparisons between gamma irradiation and alternative technologies were conducted using the two one-sided t-test (or “equivalence test”) and classic t-test. Melting temperature and UV absorbance below 300 nm showed dose dependencies, while other investigated properties such as discoloration and mechanical durability did not change with dose up to 60 kGy. Based on these results, there is no material compatibility issue associated with the transition from gamma to e-beam or to X-ray as source of sterilization radiation of the studied multi-layer film.
Insights into the sticking probability of volcanic ash particles from laboratory experiments
Authors: Diaz-Vecino Carolina , Rossi Eduardo , Pollastri Stefano , Fries Allan , Lemus Jonathan , Bonadonna Costanza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough the characterization of the sticking and aggregation probability is essential to the description of volcanic ash dispersal and sedimentation, there is still no general model describing the sticking probability of volcanic ash. Experiments of dry particle–plate collisions in an enclosed box were carried out to characterize quantitatively the sticking efficiency of volcanic particles and silica beads in a limit case scenario where the mass of one of the particles is much greater than the others. Silica beads and volcanic particles from a Sakurajima Vulcanian eruption were filmed impacting a glass plate with a High-Speed Camera. The sticking probability is calculated from an equation depending on the particle diameter, impact velocity, and two experimental parameters (a, q). Particle size was found to dominantly control the sticking probability, with small particles more likely sticking on the glass plate than large particles. These experiments represent a significant step forward in the quantification of the sticking efficiency of fine volcanic ash (< 63 μm).
Understanding belief in political statements using a model-driven experimental approach: a registered report
Authors: Perez Santangelo Agustín , Solovey Guillermo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Misinformation harms society by affecting citizens' beliefs and behaviour. Recent research has shown that partisanship and cognitive reflection (i.e. engaging in analytical thinking) play key roles in the acceptance of misinformation. However, the relative importance of these factors remains a topic of ongoing debate. In this registered study, we tested four hypotheses on the relationship between each factor and the belief in statements made by Argentine politicians. Participants (N = 1353) classified fact-checked political statements as true or false, completed a cognitive reflection test, and reported their voting preferences. Using Signal Detection Theory and Bayesian modeling, we found a reliable positive association between political concordance and overall belief in a statement (median = 0.663, CI95 = [0.640, 0.685]), a reliable positive association between cognitive reflection and scepticism (median = 0.039, CI95 = [0.006, 0.072]), a positive but unreliable association between cognitive reflection and truth discernment (median = 0.016, CI95 = [− 0.015, 0.046]) and a positive but unreliable association between cognitive reflection and partisan bias (median = 0.016, CI95 = [− 0.006, 0.037]). Our results highlight the need to further investigate the relationship between cognitive reflection and partisanship in different contexts and formats.

Protocol registration
The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 22 August 2022. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/EBRGC.
A 1D model characterizing the role of spatiotemporal contraction distributions on lymph transport
Authors: Sedaghati Farbod , Dixon J. Brandon , Gleason Rudolph L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLymphedema is a condition in which lymph transport is compromised. The factors that govern the timing of lymphatic contractions are largely unknown; however, these factors likely play a central role in lymphatic health. Computational models have proven useful in quantifying changes in lymph transport; nevertheless, there is still much unknown regarding the regulation of contractions. The purpose of this paper is to utilize computational modeling to examine the role of pacemaking activity in lymph transport. A 1D fluid–solid modeling framework was utilized to describe the interaction between the contracting vessel and the lymph flow. The distribution of contractions along a three-lymphangion chain in time and space was determined by specifying the pacemaking sites and parameters obtained from experimentation. The model effectively replicates the contractility patterns in experiments. Quantitatively, the flow rates were measured at 5.44 and 2.29 $${\upmu L}/\mathrm{h}$$

μ
L

/
h

, and the EF values were 78% and less than 33% in the WT and KO models, respectively, which are consistent with the literature. Applying pacemaking parameters in this modeling framework effectively captures lymphatic contractile wave propagations and their relation to lymph transport. It can serve as a motivation for conducting novel studies to evaluate lymphatic pumping function during the development of lymphedema.
Impact of frailty on mortality and healthcare costs and utilization among older adults in South Korea
Authors: Nari Fatima , Park Eun-Cheol , Nam Chung- Mo , Jang Sung-In 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFrailty has become increasingly relevant in a rapidly aging society, highlighting the need for its accurate identification and exploring associated clinical outcomes. Using a multidimensional framework to estimate frailty in a sample of community dwelling older adults, its effect on mortality, incurred healthcare costs and utilization were investigated. We obtained data from the 2008–2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). After excluding individuals aged < 65 years and those with missing data, a total of 3578 participants were included in our study. Cox proportional hazard analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of frailty on all-cause mortality by generating hazard ratios (HRs) and population attributable risks (PARs). Healthcare utilization and out-of-pocket costs incurred by frailty were examined using the Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM). Subgroup analyses were conducted according to frailty components. Among 3578 older adults, 1052 individuals died during a 10-year follow up period. Compared to the low risk frailty group, the moderate risk group (HR: 1.52, 95% CI:1.37–1.69) and severe risk group (HR: 3.10, 95% CI: 2.55–3.77) had higher risks for all-cause mortality. 27.4% (95% CI: 19.0–35.3%) of all-cause mortality was attributable to frailty, and the PARs ranged from 0.5 to 22.6% for individual frailty components. Increasing frailty levels incurred higher total healthcare costs and cost per utilization, including inpatient and outpatient costs. Frailty also increased likelihood of inpatient use, longer length of stay and more frequent outpatient visits. Among the frailty components, Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) in particular were linked to elevated mortality, higher incurred healthcare costs and utilization. Frailty-tailored interventions are of utmost relevance to policy makers and primary caregivers as frailty threatens the ability to maintain independent living and increases risk of detrimental outcomes such as mortality and increased utilization and out-of-pocket costs of healthcare in older adults.
Extracellular Fe2+ and Fe3+ modulate osteocytic viability, expression of SOST, RANKL and FGF23, and fluid flow-induced YAP1 nuclear translocation
Authors: Chankamngoen Wasutorn , Krungchanuchat Saowalak , Thongbunchoo Jirawan , Sirinonthanawech Naraporn , Teerapornpuntakit Jarinthorn , Panupinthu Nattapon , Charoenphandhu Narattaphol 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIron overload negatively affects bone mass and strength. However, the impact of iron excess on osteocytes—important bone cells for mechanotransduction and remodeling—is poorly understood. Herein, we examined the effects of iron exposure on osteocytes during their maturation process. We discovered that iron overload caused apoptosis of osteocytes in early and late stages of differentiation. Notably, the expression of key proteins for iron entry was downregulated during differentiation, suggesting that mature osteocytes were less susceptible to iron toxicity due to limited iron uptake. Furthermore, iron overload also enriched a subpopulation of mature osteocytes, as indicated by increased expression of Dmp1, a gene encoding protein for bone mineralization. These iron-exposed osteocytes expressed high levels of Sost, Tnfsf11 and Fgf23 transcripts. Consistently, we demonstrated that exogenous FGF23 stimulated the formation and survival of osteoclasts, suggesting its regulatory role in bone resorption. In addition, iron overload downregulated the expression of Cx43, a gene encoding gap junction protein in the dendritic processes, and impaired YAP1 nuclear translocation in response to fluid flow in differentiated osteocytes. It can be concluded that iron overload induces cellular adaptation in differentiating osteocytes, resulting in insensitivity to mechanical stimulation and potential disruption of the balance in bone remodeling.
Mechanisms of Wharton’s Jelly-derived MSCs in enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Shin Young Ho , Choi Soon Jin , Kim Jae Kwang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWarton’s jelly-derived Mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) play key roles in improving nerve regeneration in acellular nerve grafts (ANGs); however, the mechanism of WJ-MSCs-related nerve regeneration remains unclear. This study investigated how WJ-MSCs contribute to peripheral nerve regeneration by examining immunomodulatory and paracrine effects, and differentiation potential. To this end, WJ-MSCs were isolated from umbilical cords, and ANGs (control) or WJ-MSCs-loaded ANGs (WJ-MSCs group) were transplanted in injury animal model. Functional recovery was evaluated by ankle angle and tetanic force measurements up to 16 weeks post-surgery. Tissue biopsies at 3, 7, and 14 days post-transplantation were used to analyze macrophage markers and interleukin (IL) levels, paracrine effects, and MSC differentiation potential by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining. The WJ-MSCs group showed significantly higher ankle angle at 4 weeks and higher isometric tetanic force at 16 weeks, and increased expression of CD206 and IL10 at 7 or 14 days than the control group. Increased levels of neurotrophic and vascular growth factors were observed at 14 days. The WJ-MSCs group showed higher expression levels of S100β; however, the co-staining of human nuclei was faint. This study demonstrates that WJ-MSCs' immunomodulation and paracrine actions contribute to peripheral nerve regeneration more than their differentiation potential.
SPH simulations and experimental investigation of water flow through a Venturi meter of rectangular cross-section
Authors: Sigalotti Leonardo Di G. , Alvarado-Rodríguez Carlos E. , Aragón Fernando , Álvarez Salazar Valeriano S. , Carvajal-Mariscal Ignacio , Real Ramirez Cesar A. , Gonzalez-Trejo Jesus , Klapp Jaime 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe flow of water through a horizontal small-scale Venturi tube of rectangular cross-section is simulated using a modified version of the open-source code DualSPHysics, which is based on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) methods. Water is simulated using the Murnaghan-Tait equation of state so that weak compressibility is allowed. The hydrodynamics is coupled to a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model. The convergence properties of SPH are improved by adopting a C$$^{2}$$

2

Wendland function as the interpolation kernel, increased number of neighboring particles and non-reflective open boundary conditions at the outlet of the Venturi tube. The flow structure and differential pressure as well as the mainstream velocity profiles at different stations are compared with calibrated experimental data. A resolution independence test shows that good convergence to the experimental measurements is achieved using four million particles. At this resolution the simulations predict the experimental centerline velocity profile along the Venturi meter for a volumetric flow rate of ten liters per minutes (lpm) with a root-mean-square error of 4.3%. This error grows to 7.1% when the volumetric flow rate increases to 25 lpm. The predicted differential pressure matches the experimental data with errors varying from 1.4% (for 10 lpm) to 6.8% (for 25 lpm). Cross-sectional velocity profiles within the throat and divergent sections differ from the experimental measurements in less than 5.5%. In general, it is shown that the SPH model can provide an efficient and accurate method for recalibrating flow meters at moderately high Reynolds numbers instead of using costly experimental tests.
Differential effects of pesticides on dioxin receptor signaling and p53 activation
Authors: Fauteux Myriam , Côté Nadia , Bergeron Sandra , Maréchal Alexandre , Gaudreau Luc 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs modern agricultural practices increase their use of chemical pesticides, it is inevitable that we will find a number of these xenobiotics within drinking water supplies and disseminated throughout the food chain. A major problem that arises from this pollution is that the effects of most of these pesticides on cellular mechanisms in general, and how they interact with each other and affect human cells are still poorly understood. In this study we make use of cultured human cancer cells to measure by qRT-PCR how pesticides affect gene expression of stress pathways. Immunoblotting studies were performed to monitor protein expression levels and activation of signaling pathways. We make use of immunofluorescence and microscopy to visualize and quantify DNA damage events in those cells. In the current study, we evaluate the potential of a subset of widely used pesticides to activate the dioxin receptor pathway and affect its crosstalk with estrogen receptor signaling. We quantify the impact of these chemicals on the p53-dependent cellular stress response. We find that, not only can the different pesticides activate the dioxin receptor pathway, most of them have better than additive effects on this pathway when combined at low doses. We also show that different pesticides have the ability to trigger crosstalk events that may generate genotoxic estrogen metabolites. Finally, we show that some, but not all of the tested pesticides can induce a p53-dependent stress response. Taken together our results provide evidence that several xenobiotics found within the environment have the potential to interact together to elicit significant effects on cell systems. Our data warrants caution when the toxicity of substances that are assessed simply for individual chemicals, since important biological effects could be observed only in the presence of other compounds, and that even at very low concentrations.
The generation of genuine quadripartite Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering in an optical superlattice
Authors: Shen Y. R. , Chen T. H. , Liang S. L. , Cheng X. Y. , Lv J. W. , Jiang Y. X. , Cheng L. , Yu Y. B. , Jin G. R. , Chen A. X. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEinstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering is a quantum effect based on quantum entanglement and it is the key resource for building quantum networks because of its useful properties. Based on the criterion for genuine multipartite EPR steering, the genuine quadripartite EPR steering is confirmed and it can be generated by a spontaneous parametric down-conversion cascaded process with two sum-frequency generations in an optical superlattice. This occurs either below the oscillation threshold and without oscillation threshold. The influence of the parameters of cascaded nonlinear process on the quadripartite EPR steering among signal, idler, and two sum-frequency beams are also discussed. Choosing appropriate nonlinear parameters can achieve good quadripartite quantum steering. This scheme of the generation of genuine quadripartite EPR steering has potential applications in quantum communication and computing.
Using a Social Model to Guide Individualized Education Program Development and Change Educational Paradigms to Be Critically Inclusive
Authors: Murza Kimberly A. , Buckley P. Charlie 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act explicitly acknowledges disability as a natural part of the human experience. However, special education services, including speech-language services, often focus on remediating the characteristics of the individual with the disability rather than addressing the disabling conditions of the school environment or leveraging the supports and resources available or potentially available to the student. The purpose of this article is to provide a social model of disability framework to guide Individualized Education Program (IEP) development and change educational paradigms around language and communication.

Method:
A discussion of a new theoretical framework, critical inclusion, is situated within the speech-language pathologist's role in the IEP process. An argument for adopting an integrative approach to service delivery through the social model of disability is provided. The Social Communication and Engagement Triad framework is then used to illustrate a social model of disability approach to assessment, IEP goal development, and service delivery case examples.

Conclusions:
Speech-language pathologists and all educators have a responsibility for creating a space where all learners belong and diversity in all aspects is celebrated. Embracing a social model of disability approach to the IEP process can support practitioners in their work toward creating a more equitable and inclusive education system.