bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mediating role of physical activity and quality of life in the association between knee osteoarthritis-related symptoms and physical function of post-COVID patients in Metro Manila: a study protocol
Authors: Manlapaz Donald , Rivero Jon Timothy , Cabildo Eliana Caris , Advincula Jeremy Christian , Aquino Marc Angelo , De la Paz Miguel Gabriel , Duldulao Maria Paulina , Maravilla Andrea Amor , Montera Cyd Ahnilark , Tee Kent Stefon 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition affecting joint function. Regular physical activity can enhance functional capacity and reduce pain. However, there is a scarcity of studies relating to knee OA during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly its impact on symptoms and quality of life.MethodsThis analytic cross-sectional study design will recruit participants aged 40 and above from Metro Manila with knee pain and COVID-19 history. The Filipino version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form will be used to assess the mediating variables.AnalysisThe study will employ descriptive and regression analyses for data analysis and follow the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement for reporting the data.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received ethical approval from the Ethics Review Committee of the College of Rehabilitation Sciences. Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publications and conference presentations to ensure accessibility to healthcare professionals and stakeholders, contributing to the advancement of knee OA management in post-COVID settings.
Functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis: are they distinct disorders, a spectrum of diseases or one disease?
Authors: Egboh Stella-Maris , Duncanson Kerith , Potter Michael , Keely Simon , Talley Nicholas J 
Published: January 2025

Functional dyspepsia (FD) and gastroparesis (GP) are clinically managed as distinct upper gastrointestinal conditions but present with symptoms that are often indistinguishable. FD is a common disorder of gut–brain interaction that negatively impacts quality of life, while GP is considered a rare disease exclusively defined by delayed gastric emptying and symptoms. The degree of overlap between these disorders makes them hard to differentiate in clinical practice, thereby impacting treatment decisions. This review is focused on exploring the similarities and differences between FD and GP to guide clinician management and improve treatment outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was performed and the full texts of eligible articles were retrieved for the extraction of information reported in this review.This summary of evidence supports the hypothesis that GP and FD represent two ends of the same disease spectrum in a major subgroup. Improved understanding of the similarities, differences and overlap is likely to help guide the development of objective biomarkers and better-targeted therapies.
Hospital selection for suspected stroke: risk-averse approach considering the minimal risk of exceeding the therapeutic time window
Authors: Cheng Yu-Chun , Yang Yung , Wang Chun-Han , Tang Sung-Chun , Tsai Li-Kai , Jeng Jiann-Shing , Lee Yu-Ching , Hsieh Ming-Ju 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTimely treatment within the therapeutic window is critical for patients with stroke. This study adopts a risk-averse optimization approach to maximize the likelihood of receiving treatment within this window.MethodsWe developed an optimization model using data from a citywide stroke registry (July 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020). The model included scene locations, data from 10 stroke centers, Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) scores, prehospital times, and in-hospital processing times for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke and intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with non-LVO stroke. Transport times were calculated using Google Maps and hospital delivery was determined through mathematical programming. We compared the Risk-Averse strategy against four other prehospital strategies (Nearest, Mothership, Optimistic, and Pessimistic strategies) using Monte Carlo simulations for 726 patients.ResultsThe Risk-Averse strategy consistently outperformed others for patients with LVO stroke, with 82.0% (95% CI 79.8% to 84.1%) receiving EVT within 6 hours, representing a 4.8% increase over the Mothership strategy and a 13.7% increase over the Nearest strategy. The average time to EVT was 268.1 min (95% CI 258.3 to 278.5). For patients with non-LVO stroke, 80.6% (95% CI 80.0% to 81.6%) received IVT within 4.5 hours, with no significant differences between strategies.ConclusionsThe Risk-Averse hospital selection strategy significantly improves EVT rates for patients with LVO stroke without delaying IVT for those with non-LVO stroke.
Tenzing Assisted Delivery of Aspiration (TADA) technique for thrombectomy of medium vessel occlusions using the Freeclimb 54 catheter: multicenter experience
Authors: Settecase Fabio , Puri Ajit S , Lee Shane SH , Khangura Rajkamal S , Budzik Ronald F , Pema Peter J , Chaudury Thymur , Page Matthew J , McGuinness Ben J , Colasurdo Marco , Tonetti Daniel A , Grossberg Jonathan A , Singh Jasmeet , Kuhn Anna Luisa , Alexander Matthew D , Varjavand Bahram , Priest Ryan A , Kim JaeHyun , Baxter Blaise W , Kim Warren T , English Joey D , Caldwell James 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundMedium vessel occlusions (MeVOs) account for 25–40% of acute ischemic stroke. The Tenzing 5 (Route 92 Medical, San Mateo, California, USA) and FreeClimb 54 (Route 92 Medical, San Mateo, California, USA) catheter is a novel delivery–aspiration catheter combination designed to facilitate aspiration thrombectomy (AT) of MeVOs. We report our clinical experience using the Tenzing assisted delivery of aspiration (TADA) technique with FreeClimb 54 for first-line AT of MeVO.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent MeVO first-line AT using TADA with FreeClimb 54 at nine institutions in the USA and one in New Zealand.Results94 MeVOs (65 primary, 29 secondary) were treated in 92 patients: median age 71 (IQR 58–81) years; 49/92 (53%) women. FreeClimb 54 was successfully delivered by Tenzing 5 to all 94/94 MeVOs: 26 proximal M2; 44 distal M2; 5 M3; 6 A2; 4 A3; and 8 P2. Median target vessel diameter on DSA was 1.7 (IQR 1.4–1.8) mm. A leading microwire was used to advance Tenzing in 84% of cases. A stent retriever was used for additional thrombectomy passes in 6/94 (6%) patients. For a primary MeVO, final modified expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (meTICI) 2B–3 reperfusion was achieved in 63/65 (97%) patients, after a median of 1 (IQR 1–2) pass, with a first pass effect (FPE, meTICI 2C–3) in 43/65 (66%). Secondary MeVO FPE (eTICI 2C–3) was achieved in 20/29 (69%) patients. Tenzing 5–FreeClimb 54 related complications occurred in 2/94 (2%) patients: one perforation with asymptomatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and one embolus to new territory.ConclusionsMeVO first-line AT using the TADA technique with Tenzing 5 and FreeClimb 54 had a high FPE with a low complication rate.
Quantum Brownian motion induced by a scalar field in Einstein’s universe under Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions
Authors: Ferreira E. J. B. , Mota H. F. Santana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, the quantum Brownian motion of a point particle induced by the quantum vacuum fluctuations of a real massless scalar field in Einstein’s universe under Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions is studied. Using the Wightman functions, general expressions for the renormalized dispersion of the physical momentum are derived. Distinct expressions are found for the dispersion associated with each component of the particle’s physical momentum, indicating that the global properties of homogeneity and isotropy of space are lost, as a consequence of the introduced boundary conditions. Divergences also arise and are related to the compact nature of Einstein’s universe and the introduced boundary conditions.
Neural ODEs for holographic transport models without translation symmetry
Authors: Gu Zhuo-Fan , Yan Yu-Kun , Wu Shao-Feng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate the data-driven holographic transport models without translation symmetry, focusing on the real part of frequency-dependent shear viscosity,

$$\eta _{\textrm{re}}(\omega )$$

η
re

(
ω
)

. We develop a radial flow equation of the shear response and establish its relation to

$$\eta _{\textrm{re} }(\omega )$$

η
re

(
ω
)

for a wide class of holographic models. This allows us to determine

$$\eta _{\textrm{re}}(\omega )$$

η
re

(
ω
)

of a strongly coupled field theory by the black hole metric and the graviton mass. The latter serves as the bulk dual to the translation symmetry breaking on the boundary. We convert the flow equation to a Neural Ordinary Differential Equation (Neural ODE), which is a neural network with continuous depth and produces output through a black-box ODE solver. Testing the Neural ODE on three well-known holographic models without translation symmetry, we demonstrate its ability to accurately learn either the metric or mass when given the other. By specifying the metric to be asymptotically AdS, we also train the Neural ODE to learn the metric and mass simultaneously. Furthermore, we apply the Neural ODE to the experimental data from a two-dimensional liquid strongly coupled dusty plasma. Interestingly, the emergent metric exhibits non-monotonic behavior, and the mass squared is negative.
Scrutinizing $$B^0$$-meson flavor changing neutral current decay into scalar $$K_0^*(1430)$$ meson with $$b\rightarrow s \ell ^+\ell ^-(\nu \bar{\nu })$$ transition
Authors: Yang Yin-Long , Wang Ya-Xiong , Fu Hai-Bing , Zhong Tao , Song Ya-Lin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the rare decay

$$B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\ell ^+\ell ^-$$

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

ℓ
+

ℓ
-

with

$$\ell =(e,\mu ,\tau )$$

ℓ
=
(
e
,
μ
,
τ
)

and

$$B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\nu \bar{\nu }$$

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

ν

ν

¯

induced by the flavor changing neutral current transition of

$$b\rightarrow s\ell ^+\ell ^-(\nu \bar{\nu })$$

b
→
s

ℓ
+

ℓ
-

(
ν

ν

¯

)

. Firstly, the

$$B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)$$

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

transition form factors (TFFs) are calculated by using the QCD light-cone sum rule approach up to next-to-leading order accuracy. In which the

$$K_0^*(1430)$$

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

-meson twist-2 and twist-3 LCDAs have been calculated both from the SVZ sum rule in the background field theory framework and light-cone harmonic oscillator model. Then, we obtain the three TFFs at large recoil point, i.e.,

$$f_+^{B^0\rightarrow K_0^*}(0)= 0.470_{-0.101}^{+0.086}$$

f
+

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
0
)

=
0
.

470

-
0.101

+
0.086

,

$$f_-^{B^0\rightarrow K_0^*}(0)= -0.340_{-0.068}^{+0.068}$$

f
-

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
0
)

=
-
0
.

340

-
0.068

+
0.068

, and

$$f_\textrm{T}^{B^0\rightarrow K_0^*}(0)= 0.537^{+0.112}_{-0.115}$$

f
T

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
0
)

=
0
.

537

-
0.115

+
0.112

. Meanwhile, we extrapolate TFFs to the whole physical

$$q^2$$

q
2

-region by using the simplified

$$z(q^2)$$

z
(

q
2

)

-series expansion. Furthermore, we calculate the

$$B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\ell ^+\ell ^-(\nu \bar{\nu })$$

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

ℓ
+

ℓ
-

(
ν

ν

¯

)

decay widths, branching fractions, and longitudinal lepton polarization asymmetries of

$$B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\ell ^+\ell ^-$$

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

ℓ
+

ℓ
-

, which lead to

$$\mathcal{B}(B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)e^+e^-) = (6.65^{+2.52}_{-2.42})\times 10^{-7}$$

B

(

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

e
+

e
-

)

=

(
6
.

65

-
2.42

+
2.52

)

×

10

-
7

,

$$\mathcal{B}(B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\mu ^+\mu ^-)=(6.62^{+2.51}_{-2.41})\times 10^{-7}$$

B

(

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

μ
+

μ
-

)

=

(
6
.

62

-
2.41

+
2.51

)

×

10

-
7

,

$$\mathcal{B}(B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\tau ^+\tau ^-)=(1.88^{+1.10}_{-0.97})\times 10^{-8}$$

B

(

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

τ
+

τ
-

)

=

(
1
.

88

-
0.97

+
1.10

)

×

10

-
8

,

$$\mathcal{B}(B^0\rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\nu \bar{\nu })= 3.85^{+1.55}_{-1.48}\times 10^{-6}$$

B

(

B
0

→

K
0
∗

(
1430
)

ν

ν

¯

)

=
3
.

85

-
1.48

+
1.55

×

10

-
6

and the integrated longitudinal lepton polarization asymmetries

$$\langle A_{P_L} \rangle = (-0.99, -0.96, -0.03)$$

⟨

A

P
L

⟩

=

(
-
0.99
,
-
0.96
,
-
0.03
)

for the cases

$$\ell =(e, \mu , \tau )$$

ℓ
=
(
e
,
μ
,
τ
)

respectively.
Prenatal exposure to chemotherapy increases the mutation burden in human neonatal hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Struys Ilana , Velázquez Carolina , Ubels Joske , LeJeune Charlotte L. , van Roosmalen Markus J. , Rosendahl Huber Axel K.M. , van Leeuwen Anais J.C.N. , Bossuyt Wouter , Thienpont Bernard , Voet Thierry , Van Calsteren Kristel , Lenaerts Liesbeth , van Boxtel Ruben , Amant Frédéric 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chemotherapy is included in the standard of care for cancer treatment during pregnancy. However, whether prenatal exposure to maternal chemotherapy treatment has a mutagenic impact on the fetal genome, remains unexplored. Therefore, we investigated mutation accumulation in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from neonates born to pregnant cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, as well as healthy pregnant women and untreated pregnant cancer patients. The mutational burden in HSPCs from neonates born to untreated pregnant cancer patients and to healthy controls was similar, but increased after prenatal exposure to varying types of chemotherapy regimens. Mutational signature analyses attributed the excess mutations to clock-like processes, which are active during normal cellular aging, or to direct mutagenesis by platinum-based drugs in neonates prenatally exposed to platinum-containing regimens. Our findings in the neonatal hematopoietic compartment are consistent with mutational signatures previously identified in cells of cancer survivors directly exposed to these chemotherapeutic drugs.
Anelastic Convective Entities. Part 1: Formulation and implication for nighttime convection
Authors: Kuo Yi-Hung , Neelin J. David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A formulation based on the anelastic approximation yields time-dependent simulations of convective updrafts, downdrafts and other aspects of convection, such as stratiform layers, under reasonably flexible geometry assumptions. Termed anelastic convective entities (ACEs), such realizations can aid understanding of convective processes, and potentially provide time-dependent building blocks for parameterization at a complexity between steady-plume models and cloud-resolving simulations. Formulation and behavior of single-ACE cases are addressed here, with multi-ACE cases in Part 2. Even for cases deliberately formulated to provide a comparison to a traditional convective plume, ACE behavior differs substantially because dynamic entrainment, detrainment and nonhydrostatic perturbation pressure are consistently included. Entrainment varies with the evolution of the entity but behavior akin to deep-inflow effects noted in observations emerges naturally. The magnitude of the mass flux with nonlocal pressure effects consistently included is smaller than for a corresponding traditional steady-plume model. ACE solutions do not necessarily approach a steady state even with a fixed environment but can exhibit chains of rising thermals, and even episodic deep convection. The inclusion of nonlocal dynamics allows a developing updraft to tunnel through layers with substantial convective inhibition (CIN). For cases of nighttime continental convection using GoAmazon soundings, this is found to greatly reduce the effect of surface-inversion CIN. The observed convective cold top is seen as an inherent property of the solution, both in a transient, rising phase and as a persistent feature in mature deep convection.
Dual-Polarization Radar Characteristics of Tropical Cyclone Tornadic and Nontornadic Supercells
Authors: Wood Michaela J. , Van Den Broeke Matthew S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) contain highly sheared environments that are conducive for supercell thunderstorm development. These TC supercells can produce tornadoes, often with little warning. In this study, dual-polarization radar signatures of tornadic and nontornadic TC supercells are examined in the context of known extratropical supercell radar signatures. Prior studies have only presented dual-polarization characteristics of TC supercells using a case study approach. Therefore, this paper aims to create a more comprehensive picture with a larger sample of cases, and an attempt is made to distinguish differences between tornadic and nontornadic TC supercells that may hold operational promise. The environments and characteristic structures of these supercells are notably different from prior conceptual models of supercells developed. Differential reflectivity ZDR columns are shallower in TC supercells when compared to their extratropical counterparts. The ZDR columns are also less common in TC cases. The ZDR arc is more pronounced in TC supercells, with maximum and mean ZDR values within the arcs being larger. Separation angle between the specific differential phase KDP foot and ZDR arc is larger in TC supercells than in extratropical supercells. Tornadic TC supercells had significantly stronger low-level mesocyclones than nontornadic TC supercells as measured by normalized rotation (NROT). The observed differences may help operational meteorologists use these signatures more effectively in warning decisions and motive further research into the evolution of dual-polarization signatures in tornadic and nontornadic TC supercells.

Significance Statement
Supercell thunderstorms are supported in the highly sheared environments of tropical cyclones. Recurring dual-polarization radar signatures can provide insight into the vertical motion and size-sorting processes occurring in supercells which might be beneficial for operational meteorologists. In this study, dual-polarization signatures are compared between tornadic and nontornadic tropical cyclone supercells and examined against their extratropical counterparts. Various differences were discovered between these signatures in tropical cyclone versus extratropical supercells, which could be attributed to differences in their thermodynamic and kinematic environments. Statistically significant differences were not found between dual-polarization signatures in tornadic and nontornadic tropical cyclone supercells.
The chemical functionalization advantages of carbon nano heli-coil reinforcements for multifunctional polymeric nanocomposites
Authors: Sritharan Ramanan , Taklimi Sean Reza , Ghazinezami Ali , Askari Davood 
Published: January 2025

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have demonstrated superior mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. Our previous studies have shown that the Heli-coil CNTs (HCNTs) perform better than the straight CNTs as nanoscale reinforcements, primarily due to their heli-coil structural configurations that can additionally provide mechanical-interlocking-mechanisms between the microfibers and resin. Pristine CNTs are inert and do not disperse well in polymers and form weak bonds with resin molecules. One of the techniques to improve the dispersion of CNTs and their bonding effectiveness is to chemically functionalize them. In this research, HCNTs that were covalently functionalized using a mixture of nitric, sulfuric, and hydrochloric acids following 16 different procedures, varying the process parameters (i.e., sonication time, acid molarity, and mixing sequence) were used. The pristine and functionalized HCNTs (FHCNTs) were incorporated into epoxy resin at very low weight percentages (i.e., 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 wt%), processed, used to fabricate nanocomposite test specimens, and then tested according to ASTM standards. The main objective of this research was to investigate the effects of chemical functionalization process parameters and wt% of FHCNTs on the mechanical performance of polymeric nanocomposites. The test results showed improvements of up to 5.7%, 35.1%, 11.1%, 49.5%, and 60% for the tensile strength, fracture toughness, modulus, strain-to-failure, and hardness, respectively, that were mostly related to 0.02 wt% of FHCNTs reinforcements for the functionalization procedures 2, 4, and 10. Additionally, the fractured specimens were inspected and analyzed using 3D scanning-laser-confocal-microscopy and SEM imaging, and the most effective functionalization processes were recommended for structural nanocomposite applications.
Cardiovascular disease and bipolar disorder: A review of pathophysiology and treatment implications
Authors: Chaudhari Mayuresh , Mendez Luis , Olvera Rene L. , Seshadri Sudha , Teixeira Antonio L. 
Published: January 2025

Objective Despite the well-established increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), prevention and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases have been largely overlooked in this population. This manuscript reviews the pathophysiological basis of the connection between BD and cardiovascular diseases, highlighting their shared mechanisms, reciprocal interactions, and relevant prevention and treatment strategies. Methods For this narrative review, a search was carried out on PubMed using the keywords bipolar disorder, cardiovascular diseases, and cardiovascular risk factors. Results The increased frequency of cardiovascular morbidity in BD can be attributed to overlapping biological and psychosocial mechanisms. These mechanisms are complex and involve both direct effects of BD and indirect effects mediated by lifestyle and pharmacological factors. Cardiovascular diseases also significantly exacerbate the clinical course of BD and increase morbidity and healthcare costs; thus, their effective management can improve psychiatric outcomes and vice versa. However, patients with BD frequently encounter healthcare barriers. Conclusion Awareness initiatives and research on integrated care are needed to determine the best strategies for improving cardiovascular and psychiatric outcomes in individuals with BD.
Eating to live well—Or worse? The role of vegan and vegetarian diets in mental health
Authors: Dobersek Urska , Lavie Carl J , Archer Edward 
Published: January 2025

Background Over the past two decades, there has been an increase in the prevalence of psychological conditions, such as depression, anxiety, disordered eating, and body image disturbances. In concert with this trend, there was a substantial rise in the advocacy and practice of restrictive dietary patterns, such as veganism and vegetarianism. These parallel developments suggest a relation between diet and mental health, but to date, research has failed to offer clear answers on whether these associations are causal, coincidental, or more complex than superficial analyses suggest. Aim Given this context, the purpose of this commentary is to offer a consilient perspective on the role of vegan and vegetarian diets in mental health. Methods We performed a broad qualitative synthesis of the current literature on diet and mental health from sociologic and psychologic perspectives. Results Several empirically supported hypotheses were presented with equivocal support. Conclusion The current evidence suggests that if a nutritionally adequate diet is consumed, the avoidance/consumption of meat and other animal foods will have no significant effects on physical and mental health.