bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of antigen processing machinery and Survivin expression in tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Weinman Eric C. , Roche Patrick C. , Kasperbauer Jan L. , Cha Steve S. , Sargent Dan J. , Cheville John , Murphy Linda M. , Chen Lieping , Wettstein Peter J. , Gostout Bobbie , Ferrone Soldano , Strome Scott E. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere is a statistically significant association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class I antigen expression and improved prognosis for some patients. This association reflects the control of tumor growth by HLA Class I antigen‐restricted, tumor‐associated antigen‐specific cytolytic T cells. However, progression of other malignant diseases is not associated with the loss of HLA expression. These observations show that the poor prognosis of a subset of tumors, despite high HLA Class I antigen expression, may reflect the development of alternative mechanisms utilized by tumor cells to escape from immune recognition and destruction.METHODSThe authors evaluated the possible correlation between the expression of the antiapoptosis gene, Survivin, HLA Class I, and progression of tonsillar squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC) lesions. Tissue microarrays were constructed from primary TSCC, metastatically involved lymph nodes, adjacent normal mucosa, and tonsillar parenchyma excised for nonmalignant conditions.RESULTSImmunoperoxidase staining of tissue sections demonstrated that Survivin expression is significantly higher (P < 0.001) in malignant tumors than in normal tissue samples. In addition, Survivin expression is significantly higher (P = 0.05) in metastatic than in primary lesions. Survivin expression in primary lesions correlated positively with delta (P = 0.025), tapasin (P = 0.028), and HLA Class I antigen (P = 0.006) expression. The expression patterns of delta, tapasin, HLA Class I antigen, β‐2‐microglobulin, and Survivin did not demonstrate any significant association with the clinical course of disease.CONCLUSIONSFor TSCC that maintain the expression of HLA Class I antigen, overexpression of Survivin may provide an alternative explanation for tumor progression. Cancer 2003;97:2203–11. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11311
Weekly paclitaxel and gemcitabine chemotherapy for metastatic non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
Authors: Hirsh Vera , Whittom Renaud , Ofiara Linda , Desjardins Pierre , Ayoub Joseph , Charpentier Danielle , Small David , Pintos Javier , Langleben Adrian 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe current dose‐optimizing Phase II study evaluated the effect of weekly paclitaxel and gemcitabine on the response rate and survival of patients with non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) using dose modifications that permitted optimal treatment intensity.METHODSForty‐five patients (40 with TNM Stage IV and 5 with TNM Stage IIIB NSCLC) were treated with gemcitabine at 1000 mg/m2 via a 30‐minute intravenous (i.v.) infusion and with paclitaxel at 100 mg/m2 via a 60‐minute i.v. infusion. The first 3 patients received chemotherapy on Days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks; the next 42 patients, participating in the Phase II trial, received chemotherapy on Days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks.RESULTSThe 3 patients who received paclitaxel and gemcitabine on Days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks tolerated the treatment poorly. One patient died suddenly after Day 15 treatment during the first cycle, and the other 2 patients discontinued the treatment because of unacceptable toxicity before the third cycle of chemotherapy. The next 42 patients, 40 of whom were evaluable, entered this trial between May 2000 and April 2001. They received paclitaxel at 100 mg/m2 i.v. followed by gemcitabine at 1000 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks. Two patients (5%) achieved complete response, 20 (50%) achieved partial response, and 8 (20%) had stable disease. Median survival (MS) was 9.8 months; and 1‐year survival was 35%. The 32 patients with performance status (PS) 0 or 1 had an MS of 11 months; the 8 patients with PS 2 had an MS of 3 months. Toxicity (especially hematologic toxicity, neuropathy, and alopecia) was minimal.CONCLUSIONA weekly paclitaxel and gemcitabine regimen that incorporated the authors' dose modifications resulted in good efficacy with minimal toxicity. Cancer 2003;97:2242–7. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11319
Temozolomide as an alternative to irradiation for elderly patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas
Authors: Glantz Michael , Chamberlain Marc , Liu Qin , Litofsky N. Scott , Recht Lawrence D. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe optimal treatment for elderly patients (defined as patients 70 years of age or older) with malignant gliomas (MG) remains controversial. Some physicians advocate withholding therapy following diagnosis based on the observation that elderly patients do not tolerate adjuvant radiotherapy. The availability of temozolomide (TMZ), a new alkylating agent with antiglioma efficacy, offers another potential therapeutic option for these patients. The drug can be administered orally at home with minimal morbidity.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed a cohort of 86 consecutive elderly MG patients from three institutions, 32 of whom received monthly TMZ in lieu of radiation.RESULTSInitial Karnofsky performance score was the only predictor of survival in this cohort. No difference in survival was noted between these two groups. Toxicity was minimal in the chemotherapy‐treated group and a higher percentage of patients receiving chemotherapy died at home.CONCLUSIONSThe authors concluded that TMZ is as effective as irradiation as a treatment of elderly patients with MG. It is an alternative and, perhaps, a superior therapeutic option to irradiation, based on its ease of administration and low morbidity. Cancer 2003;97:2262–6. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11323
Reduced expression of hMSH2 protein is correlated to poor survival for soft tissue sarcoma patients
Authors: Taubert Helge W. , Bartel Frank , Kappler Matthias , Schuster Katja , Meye Axel , Lautenschläger Christine , Thamm‐Mücke Barbara , Bache Matthias , Schmidt Hannelore , Holzhausen Hans‐Jürgen , Würl Peter 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDDeregulation of DNA mismatch repair is a common mechanism for the development of hereditary nonpolyposis colon carcinoma and related familiar cancers, but it also plays a role in the tumorigenesis of sporadic cancers. Although the protein expression of the two main components of DNA mismatch repair, hMSH2 and hMLH1, has been described in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients, its prognostic impact is yet to be determined.METHODSThe authors investigated the expression of the DNA repair proteins hMSH2 and hMLH1 by Western blot analysis in tumor samples of 57 STS patients. The correlation between the expression of hMSH2/hMLH1 and survival was studied in a Cox proportional hazards regression model, which was adjusted for the prognostic effects of staging, tumor entity, and radicality of tumor resection.RESULTSNine of 57 STS (16%) showed reduced expression of hMSH2 and reduced expression of hMLH1 was detected in seven STS patients (12%). In a Kaplan–Meier analysis, the median survival for patients with reduced expression of the hMSH2 protein was 18 months, whereas the patients with a normal expression of hMSH2 survived for an average of 68 months. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model revealed a significant correlation between the reduced expression of the hMSH2 protein and poor survival (relative risk = 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–17.2; P = 0.019).CONCLUSIONSReduced expression of the hMSH2 protein is an independent negative prognostic factor for STS patients. Cancer 2003;97:2273–8. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11326
Patients' willingness to participate in symptom‐related and disease‐modifying research
Authors: Crowley Roxane , Casarett David 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe growth of cancer symptom management research has been limited by challenges of slow recruitment and underenrollment. One potential solution to this problem is the use of screening questions that identify patients who are interested in participating in research. The goal of this study was to evaluate this strategy in patients with cancer.METHODSTwo screening questions (for symptom management research and disease‐modifying research) were integrated into the intake process of the palliative care clinic of an urban Veteran's Administration medical center. A chart review was conducted to extract patients' reported willingness to be recruited for research, explanations for their responses, demographic data, Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale Global Distress Index (GDI) subscale scores, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score.RESULTSCharts were reviewed for the first 100 patients seen for a palliative care clinic visit, 86 of whom had cancer. Patients were less likely to be interested in symptom‐related research than in disease‐modifying research (32 of 86 [37%] vs. 46 of 86 [54%]; sign test, P = 0.009). Patients' interest in each type of research was associated moderately (kappa = 0.41; P < 0.001). Independent predictors of interest in symptom management research included younger age, white race, and a lower GDI symptom distress score. Independent predictors of interest in disease‐modifying research included only younger age and white race.CONCLUSIONSScreening questions may be useful in identifying patients who are willing to be recruited for research. However, further study is needed to evaluate this process in other populations, as well as to determine whether screening questions introduce selection bias in the recruitment process. Cancer 2003;97:2327–33. Published 2003 by the American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11329
Conservative management of Paget disease of the breast with radiotherapy
Authors: Marshall Jennifer K. , Griffith Kent A. , Haffty Bruce G. , Solin Lawrence J. , Vicini Frank A. , McCormick Beryl , Wazer David E. , Recht Abram , Pierce Lori J. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDAt 5‐year follow‐up, patients with Paget disease of the breast who were treated with breast‐conserving surgery (BCS) and radiotherapy (RT) had excellent results. The current report provides 10‐ and 15‐year rates of tumor control in the breast, as well as disease‐free and overall survival rates following BCS and RT in a cohort of patients with Paget disease presenting without a palpable mass or mammographic density.METHODSThrough a collaborative review of patients treated with BCS and RT from seven institutions, 38 cases of Paget disease of the breast presenting without a palpable mass or mammographic density were identified. All patients had pathologic confirmation of typical Paget cells at time of diagnosis. Thirty‐six of 38 patients had a minimum follow‐up greater than 12 months and constitute the study cohort. Ninety‐four percent of patients underwent complete or partial excision of the nipple‐areola complex and all patients received a median external beam irradiation dose of 50 Gy (range, 45–54 Gy) to the whole breast. Ninety‐seven percent of patients also received a boost to the remaining nipple or tumor bed, a median total dose of 61.5 Gy (range, 50.4–70 Gy).RESULTSWith median follow‐up of 113 months (range, 18–257 months), 4 of 36 patients (11%) developed a first recurrence of disease in the treated breast only. Two of the four recurrences in the breast were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) only and two were invasive with DCIS. Two additional patients had a recurrence in the breast as a component of first failure. Actuarial local control rates for the breast as the only site of first recurrence were 91% at 5 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 80–100%) and 87% (95% CI, 75–99%) at both 10 and 15 years. Actuarial local control rates for breast recurrence, as a component of first failure, were 91% (95% CI, 80–100%), 83% (95% CI, 69–97%), and 76% (95% CI, 58–94%) at 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively. No clinical factors were identified as significant predictors for breast recurrence. Five‐, 10‐ and 15‐year actuarial rates for survival without disease of 97% (95% CI, 90–100%) and 5‐, 10‐, and 15‐year actuarial rates of overall survival of 93% (95% CI, 84–100%) at 5 years and 90% (95% CI, 78–100%) at 10 and 15 years were reported.CONCLUSIONSThese data confirm excellent rates of local control, disease‐free survial, and overall survival at 10 and 15 years following BCS and RT for Paget disease of the breast. This study continues to support the recommendation of local excision and definitive breast irradiation as an alternative to mastectomy in the treatment of patients with Paget disease presenting without a palpable mass or mammographic density. Cancer 2003;97:2142–9. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11337
Neurologic complications of bladder carcinoma
Authors: Anderson Thomas S. , Regine William F. , Kryscio Richard , Patchell Roy A. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarcinoma of the urinary bladder accounts for approximately 2% of all malignant tumors and usually spreads through both local invasion and hematogenous dissemination. In the current study, the authors reviewed a large series of patients to determine the nature and frequency of neurologic complications.METHODSIn the current study, the authors reviewed the records of 359 patients with bladder carcinoma who were treated at the study institution between 1962–2001.RESULTSFifty‐two patients (14%) were reported to have neurologic complications. Complications resulting from neurologic metastases were relatively infrequent (5%). Seven patients (2%) had lumbosacral plexopathies and 6 patients (2%) had metastatic epidural spinal cord compression. Brain metastases were present in only 4 patients (1%). Nonmetastatic complications were more common than metastatic complications and were comprised of metabolic encephalopathies in 24 patients (7%), peripheral neuropathies in 9 patients (2.5%), cerebral infarctions in 6 patients (2%), and seizures in 5 patients (1%). No cases of neurologic infection or carcinomatous meningitis were reported.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study demonstrate that neurologic complications are relatively uncommon in patients with bladder carcinoma and that local extension into peripheral nerves or bone, rather than hematogenous dissemination, is the most common cause of neurologic complications resulting from bladder carcinoma. Cancer 2003;97:2267–72. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11354
The effects of diversity on business performance: Report of the diversity research network
Authors: Kochan Thomas , Bezrukova Katerina , Ely Robin , Jackson Susan , Joshi Aparna , Jehn Karen , Leonard Jonathan , Levine David , Thomas David 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThis article summarizes the results and conclusions reached in studies of the relationships between race and
gender diversity and business performance carried out in four large firms by a research consortium known as the
Diversity Research Network. These researchers were asked by the BOLD Initiative to conduct this research to test
arguments regarding the “business case” for diversity. Few positive or negative direct effects of
diversity on performance were observed. Instead a number of different aspects of the organizational context and
some group processes moderated diversity‐performance relationships. This suggests a more nuanced view of
the “business case” for diversity may be appropriate. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Role of proliferation in HER2 status predicted response to doxorubicin
Authors: Campiglio Manuela , Somenzi Giulia , Olgiati Clelia , Beretta Giovanni , Balsari Andrea , Zaffaroni Nadia , Valagussa Pinuccia , Ménard Sylvie 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe role of HER2 in predicting response to doxorubicin (DXR) therapy in breast cancer was evaluated in vivo in a series of breast carcinomas from 220 patients with tumors larger than 2.5 cm and treated with 3 cycles of DXR (75 mg/m2) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with HER2‐positive tumors were more frequently responsive to DXR treatment compared with HER2‐negative patients (p = 0.05; Mantel‐Haenszel X2 = 0.009). Progesterone receptor (PgR) negativity, but not mutated p53, was also associated with response to DXR (p = 0.05; Mantel‐Haenszel X2 = 0.004). Further analysis of those correlations using breast carcinoma cell lines characterized for different biologic parameters revealed a trend between HER2 positivity/PgR negativity and greater DXR sensitivity, but the strongest direct correlation was found between the proliferation rate and sensitivity to DXR (r = 0.82, p = 0.00009). Neither p53 nor the DXR target molecule topoisomerase‐II‐α was significantly associated with in vitro sensitivity to DXR. Thus, whereas data showed that the major biologic parameter associated with in vitro response to DXR in breast cancer cells appears to be the tumor proliferation rate, HER2 expression together with PgR negativity may serve as the counterpart of the proliferation marker in predicting the in vivo response to DXR. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vaccination of fusion cells of rat dendritic and carcinoma cells prevents tumor growth in vivo
Authors: Kawada Masaya , Ikeda Hitoshi , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Ishizu Akihiro , Ishikura Hiroshi , Katoh Hiroyuki , Yoshiki Takashi 
Published: April 2003

AbstractSeveral reports on immunotherapy using dendritic cells‐based vaccine have been published. We investigated findings using fusion cells (FCs) generated from rat dendritic cells and a syngeneic hepatic cancer cell line with regard to inducing anti‐tumor immunity. Vaccination of rats using FCs protected against growth of the subcutaneously implanted tumor in vivo and induced infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor. At the site of CD8+ T cell infiltration, there were apoptotic tumor cells. T cells from spleen of FCs‐vaccinated rats with protective ability against tumor growth included tumor specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells restricted to major histocompatibility complex Class I. In addition, adaptive transfer of in vitro re‐stimulated splenic T cells with FCs was effective in preventing tumor growth and in vivo vaccinations of rats with FCs after resection of the subcutaneous implanted tumor inhibited local tumor recurrences. Immunotherapy using FCs appears to be an effective method if used in combination with surgical or other anti‐cancer therapies. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efficient engraftment of human primary breast cancer transplants in nonconditioned NOD/Scid mice
Authors: Beckhove Philipp , Schütz Florian , Diel Ingo J. , Solomayer Erich‐Franz , Bastert Gunther , Foerster Joanna , Feuerer Markus , Bai Lianhua , Sinn Hans‐Peter , Umansky Viktor , Schirrmacher Volker 
Published: April 2003

AbstractWe describe a new human tumor xenotransplant animal model that is highly efficient for engraftment, does not need host conditioning and is suitable for in vivo studies of human tumors. Pieces of 61 freshly operated primary breast tumors were implanted into 172 irradiated and 228 nonconditioned NOD/Scid mice. A high mortality was observed in irradiated but not in nonconditioned recipients. More than 90% of analyzed implanted breast cancer specimens engrafted in the NOD/Scid mice irrespective of pretreatment. The tumors were vascularized within 3 days of implantation and maintained original histomorphology as well as expression patterns of tumor markers (cytokeratin and MUC1) and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) and IL‐10) released by adjacent stromal cells. A majority of tumors grew slowly, locally infiltrating host tissue, whereas some grew aggressively, developing large, fatal tumor masses and metastases within regional lymph nodes. Tumor progression in mice correlated with stage, grade, proliferation index and hormone receptor status of primary tumors. The reproducible growth behavior and preservation of characteristic features suggest that this new xenotransplant model is relevant and can be recommended for testing new anticancer therapies. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contractibility techniques as a closure concept
Authors: Ryjáček Zdeněk , Schelp R. H. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractWe introduce a closure concept in the class of line graphs and claw‐free graphs based on contractibility of certain subgraphs in the line graph preimage. The closure can be considered as a common generalization and strengthening of the reduction techniques of Catlin and Veldman and of the closure concept introduced by the first author. We show that the closure is uniquely determined and the closure operation preserves the circumference of the graph. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 37–48, 2003
Polymerization ofN‐vinylcarbazole with ziegler‐type catalyst systems
Authors: Heller Jorge , Tieszen D. O. , Parkinson D. B. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe polymerization ofN‐vinylcarbazole with the TiCl4–Al(i‐Bu)3, TiCl4–AlEt3, TiCl3–Al(i‐Bu)3, and the TiCl4–n‐BuLi systems was studied. It was found thatN‐vinylcarbazole undergoes a very facile cationic polymerization with TiCl4, or TiCl3, and that catalyst complexes which contain a low metal alkyl/transition metal halide ratio promote a very rapid cationic polymerization. When the catalyst components are mixed in the presence of monomer, considerable cationic polymerization due to the transition metal halide alone takes place before the reaction between the titanium halide and metal alkyl is complete. Experiments with catalyst components mixed in the absence of monomer have shown that the rate of the reaction is markedly dependent on the ratio of the catalyst components and that each system studied had a characteristic ratio at which the catalytic activity suffered a marked drop. With TiCl3–Al(i‐Bu)3this drop occurred at an Al/Ti ratio of 0.8, with TiCl4–Al(i‐Bu)3at an Al/Ti ratio of 3, and with TiCl4–n‐BuLi at a Li/Ti ratio of 1.5. This was interpreted as indicating that at these ratios the surface of the titanium halide becomes completely modified by the metal alkyl so that noN‐vinylcarbazole–titanium halide interaction could take place. The per cent reduction of TiCl4to lower valence states was studied with then‐BuLi–TiCl4system as a function of the Li/Ti ratio and it was found that the maximum per cent reduction takes place at a Li/Ti ratio of 2. The per cent reduction rapidly decreased to zero at higher Li/Ti ratios. The polymers ofN‐vinylcarbazole formed with Ziegler‐type catalyst systems were examined by x‐ray diffraction, by their appearance under a polarizing microscope, by infrared spectroscopy, and by nuclear magnetic resonance. These measurements indicated that only amorphous, atactic polymers were formed.
Tracer techniques for the determination of monomer reactivity ratios. IV. Copolymerization characteristics of some divinyl monomers
Authors: Wiley Richard H. , Mayberry Gerald L. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA series of divinyl monomers of the formula
\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \left( {{\rm CH}_{\rm 2} = {\rm CHC}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 4} - } \right)_2 {\rm X} $$\end{document}
where × is CH2, CH2CH2, CH2CH2CH2, CH2CH2CH2CH2,O, and S have been prepared from the carbinols by dehydration and copolymerized with styrene. The kinetic data are consistent with a copolymerization in which the two vinyl groups react independently. The divinyl monomer behaves as two equivalents of a vinyl monomer to give solutions for the copolymerization equation in which r1 (for styrene) varies from 0.61 to 1.13 and r2 (for the divinyl compound) varies from 0.78 to 1.51.