bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective, Multicenter Surveillance Study of
Candida glabrata
: Fluconazole and Itraconazole Susceptibility Profiles in Bloodstream, Invasive, and Colonizing Strains and Differences between Isolates from Three Urban Teaching Hospitals in New York City (
Candida
Susceptibility Trends Study, 1998 to 1999)
Authors: Safdar Amar , Chaturvedi Vishnu , Koll Brian S. , Larone Davise H. , Perlin David S. , Armstrong Donald 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACT

Since the 1990s, the substantial increase in the rate of
Candida glabrata
infections has become a serious problem. As most
C. glabrata
infections arise from the host's endogenous microflora, the present prospective, multicenter analysis included all clinical isolates associated with colonization and with systemic and hematogenous candidiasis. Among 347
C. glabrata
isolates, the overall rates of resistance to fluconazole (MIC ≥ 64 μg/ml) and itraconazole (MIC ≥ 1 μg/ml) were 10.7 and 15.2%, respectively, although for half (
n
= 148) of the itraconazole-susceptible isolates the MICs (0.25 to 0.5 μg/ml) were in the susceptible—dependent upon dose range. Fluconazole resistance was more common among
C. glabrata
isolates obtained from centers caring for patients with cancer (MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhibited [MIC
90
s] = 32 μg/ml) or AIDS (MIC
90
s > 64 μg/ml) than among
C. glabrata
isolates from a community-based university medical center (MIC
90
s = 16 μg/ml) (
P
= 0.001). Thirty-three bloodstream isolates and those obtained from other body sites had similar in vitro susceptibility profiles. The fluconazole MIC
90
s (≤16 μg/ml) for
C. glabrata
yeast isolates from the gastrointestinal tract were lower than those (≥64 μg/ml) for
C. glabrata
isolates from respiratory and urinary tract samples (
P
= 0.01). A similar discrepancy for itraconazole was not significant (
P
> 0.5). We did not observe differences in fluconazole or itraconazole susceptibility profiles among
C. glabrata
isolates associated with either hematogenous dissemination or colonization. The significant discrepancy in antifungal susceptibility among
C. glabrata
organisms isolated from hospitals in the same geographic region emphasizes the significance of periodic susceptibility surveillance programs for individual institutions, especially those providing care to patients at risk.
In Vitro Activities of Newer Quinolones against
Bacteroides
Group Organisms
Authors: Snydman D. R. , Jacobus N. V. , McDermott L. A. , Ruthazer R. , Goldstein E. , Finegold S. , Harrell L. , Hecht D. W. , Jenkins S. , Pierson C. , Venezia R. , Rihs J. , Gorbach S. L. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACT

The activities of BMS-284576, clinafloxacin, moxifloxacin, sitafloxacin, trovafloxacin, imipenem, cefoxitin, and clindamycin against 589
Bacteroides fragilis
group isolates were determined. The activity of BMS-284576 was comparable to that of trovafloxacin. Sitafloxacin and clinafloxacin were the most active quinolones, and moxifloxacin was the least active.
B. fragilis
was the most susceptible of the species, and
Bacteroides vulgatus
was the most resistant. Association of specific antibiotic resistance with
Bacteroides
species was noted for all quinolones.
Simple Method for Assaying Colistin Methanesulfonate in Plasma and Urine Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Li Jian , Milne Robert W. , Nation Roger L. , Turnidge John D. , Coulthard Kingsley , Valentine Jason 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACT
A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described for the determination of colistimethate sodium in plasma and urine. The accuracy and reproducibility was within 10.1 and 11.2% with rat plasma and urine, respectively. Several commonly coadministered antibacterial agents do not interfere with the assay.
Inducible AmpC β-Lactamase of a New Member
Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Bonnet Richard , Chanal Catherine , Ageron Elisabeth , Sirot Danielle , De Champs Christophe , Grimont Patrick , Sirot Jacques 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACT

Extensive biochemical testing and 16S rRNA and
rpoB
sequence analysis revealed that clinical strain CF01Ent1, initially identified as
Buttiauxella agrestis
by the use of Api 32 biochemical strips, is a new organism in the
Enterobacteriaceae
family. It produced an inducible AmpC-type β-lactamase whose sequence shares 69 to 72% identity with those of the other AmpC-type β-lactamases of
Enterobacteriaceae
. This enzyme exhibits an atypical high affinity for all β-lactams tested.
Hyperfinite and standard unifications for physical theories
Authors: Herrmann Robert A. 
Published: September 2002

A set of physical theories is represented by a nonempty subset of the lattice of consequence operators defined on a language Λ. It is established that there exists a unifying injection 𝒮 defined on the nonempty set of significant representations for natural systems M ⊂ Λ. If W ∈ M, then 𝒮W is a hyperfinite ultralogic and . A “product” hyperfinite ultralogic Π is defined on internal subsets of the product set *Λm and is shown to represent the application of 𝒮 to {W1, …, Wm} ⊂ M. There also exists a standard unifying injection SW such that 𝒮W(*W) ⊂ *SW(*W).Hyperfinite and standard unifications for physical theoriesdx.doi.org/10.1155/IJMMS/2006/80231
Ar (λ)‐weighted Caccioppoli‐type and Poincaré‐type inequalities for A‐harmonic tensors
Authors: Liu Bing 
Published: September 2002

We prove a local version of weighted Caccioppoli‐type inequality,
then we prove a version of weighted Poincaré‐type inequality
for A‐harmonic tensors both locally and globally.Ar(λ)-weighted Caccioppoli-type and Poincaré-type inequalities
for A-harmonic tensors (erratum)dx.doi.org/10.1155/S0161171203305320
A Stone‐Weierstrass theorem for group representations
Authors: Repka Joe 
Published: September 2002

It is well known that if G is a compact group and π a faithful (unitary) representation, then each irreducible representation of G occurs in the tensor product of some number of copies of π and its contragredient. We generalize this result to a separable type I locally compact group G as follows: let π be a faithful unitary representation whose matrix coefficient functions vanish at infinity and satisfy an appropriate integrabillty condition. Then, up to isomorphism, the regular representation of G is contained in the direct sum of all tensor products of finitely many copies of π and its contragredient.We apply this result to a symplectic group and the Weil representation associated to a quadratic form. As the tensor products of such a representation are also Weil representations (associated to different forms), we see that any discrete series representation can be realized as a subrepresentation of a Weil representation.
On the foundations of a new approach to statistical mechanics of classical systems
Authors: Bagghi S. N. 
Published: September 2002

It has been known for a long time that the fundamental approaches to equilibrium and nonequillbrium statistical mechanics available at present lead to physical and mathematical inconsistencies for dense systems. A new approach, whose foundation lies in the more powerful statistical method of counting complexions, had been formulated which not only overcomes all these difficulties but also yields satisfactory physical results for dense ′hard sphere′ systems as well as for systerns containing charged particles for which a mathematically consistent theory cannot even be formulated if we follow the available formalisms. The specific computational techniques rely on the following four recipes which also are justified theoretically.(i) The phase space (μ‐space) is separated into configuration space and momentum
space.(ii) The configuration space is partitioned into cells of size b, the exclusion volume of Boltzmann.(iii) The partition function (pf) due to the kinetic energy is obtained directly from Planck′s “Zustandssumme” pertaining to the kinetic energies of the individual particles.(iv) Instead of calculating Gibbs′ configuration integral, one obtains the average potential of the system from a suitable nonlinear partial differential equatlon (pde) and finally the “excess” free energy of the system due to the potential field alone by utilizing Debye‐Hueckel′s concept of ion‐atmosphere and their technique for calculating the free energy.Even in the linear approximation of the ion‐atmosphere potential this method gives reliable results for both equilibrium and transport properties of fused alkali halides.In order to emphasize that this new approach has a secure theoretical foundation and has also considerable advantages over all other existing methods, this review offers a few brief critical remarks about the limitations and inadequacies of the concepts used in the conventional treatments of classical statistical mechanics. Further, in view of the fact that the literature on the subject of Debye‐Hueckel (DH) theory of strong electrolytes is replete with many assertions, already disproved in the past, a brief review of the controversial aspects of this theory is also presented. The next paper will show that this new approach as well as the
modified DH theory yields physical results for actual dense systems much more satisfactorily
than those which could be obtained by any other available method.
A numerical method for the solution of plane crack problems in finite media
Authors: Theocaris P. S. , Ioakimidis N. 
Published: September 2002

A general method for the solution of plane isotropic elasticity crack problems inside a finite medium of arbitrary shape or an infinite medium with holes of arbitrary shape is presented. This method is based on the complex potential approach of plane elasticity problems due to Kolosov and Muskhelishvili [1] and makes no assumption on the way of loading of the cracks and of the other boundaries of the medium.The whole problem is reduced to a complex singular integral equation along the cracks and the other boundaries and the values of the stress intensity factors at the crack tips may be evaluated directly and accurately from the numerical solution of this equation. An application of the method to a circular medium with a straight crack is also made.
A new formulation of the law of octic reciprocity for primes ≡±3(mod8) and its consequences
Authors: Hudson Richard H. , Williams Kenneth S. 
Published: September 2002

Let p and q be odd primes with q ≡ ±3(mod8), p ≡ 1(mod8) = a2 + b2 = c2 + d2 and with the signs of a and c chosen so that a ≡ c ≡ 1(mod4). In this paper we show step‐by‐step how to easily obtain for large q necessary and sufficient criteria to have for j = 1, …, 8 (the cases with j odd have been treated only recently [3] in connection with the sign ambiguity in Jacobsthal sums of order 4. This is accomplished by breaking the formula of A.E. Western into three distinct parts involving two polynomials and a Legendre symbol; the latter condition restricts the validity of the method presented in section 2 to primes q ≡ 3(mod8) and significant modification is needed to obtain similar results for q ≡ ±1(mod8). Only recently the author has completely resolved the case q ≡ 5(mod8), j = 1, …, 8 and a sketch of the method appears in the closing section of this paper.Our formulation of the law of octic reciprocity makes possible a considerable extension of the results for q ≡ ±3(mod8) of earlier authors. In particular, the largest prime ≡3(mod8) treated to date is q = 19, by von Lienen [6] when j = 4 or 8 and by Hudson and Williams [3] when j = 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, or 7. For q = 19 there are 200 distinct choices relating a, b, c, d which are equivalent to (−q)(p−1)/8 ≡ ((a−b)d/ac)j(modp) for one of j = 1, …, 8. We give explicit results in this paper for primes as large as q = 83 where there are 3528 distinct choices.This paper makes several other minor contributions including a computationally efficient version of Gosset′s [2] formulation of Gauss′ law of quartic reciprocity, observations on sums ∑γi,j where the γi,j′s are the defining parameters for the distinct choices mentioned above, and proof that the results of von Lienen [6] may not only be appreciably abbreviated, but may be put into a form remarkably similar to the case in which q is a quadratic residue but a quartic non‐residue of p.An important contribution of the paper consists in showing how to use Theorems
1 and 3 of [3], in conjunction with Theorem 4 of this paper, to reduce from (q + 1/4)2 to (q − 1)/2 the number of cases which must be considered to obtain the criteria in Theorems 2 and 3.
Thirty‐nine perfect numbers and their divisors
Authors: Asadulla Syed 
Published: September 2002

The following results concerning even perfect numbers and their divisors are proved: (1) A positive integer n of the form 2p−1(2p − 1), where 2p − 1 is prime, is a perfect number; (2) every even perfect number is a triangular number; (3) τ(n) = 2p, where τ(n) is the number of positive divisors of n; (4) the product of the positive divisors of n is np; and (5) the sum of the reciprocals of the positive divisors of n is 2. Values of p for which 30 even perfect numbers have been found so far are also given.Corrigendum: Thirty-nine perfect numbers and their divisorsdx.doi.org/10.1155/S0161171286001047
On the boundedness and oscillation of solutions to
Authors: Kroopnick Allan J. 
Published: September 2002

In this paper, we discuss under what conditions the solutions to are bounded, oscillatory, and stable. Furthermore, some applications of these results are given during the discussion and proofs of the theorems.Corrigendum: On the boundness and oscillation of solutions to dx.doi.org/10.1155/S0161171287000759
λ‐similar bases
Authors: Gupta Manjul , Kamthan P. K. 
Published: September 2002

Corresponding to an arbitrary sequence space λ, a sequence {xn} in a locally convex space (l.c.s.) (X, T) is said to be λ‐similar to a sequence {yn} in another l.c.s. (Y, S) if for an arbitrary sequence {αn} of scalars, {αn p(xn)} ϵ λ for all p ϵ DT⇔{αn q(yn)} ϵ λ, for all q ϵ DS, where DT and DS are respectively the family of all T and S continuous seminorms generating T and S.In this note we investigate conditions on λ and the spaces (X, T) and (Y, S) which ultimately help to characterize λ similarity between two Schauder bases. We also determine relationship of this concept with λ‐bases.
On a class of p‐valent starlike functions of order α
Authors: Aouf M. K. 
Published: September 2002

Let Ω denote the class of functions w(z), w(0) = 0, |w(z)| < 1 analytic in the unit disc ⋃ = {z : |z| < 1}. For arbitrary fixed numbers A, B, −1 < A ≤ 1, −1 ≤ B < 1 and 0 ≤ α < p, denote by P(A, B, p, α) the class of functions analytic in ⋃ such that P(z) ϵ P(A, B, p, α) if and only if , w ϵ Ω, z ϵ ⋃. Moreover, let S(A, B, p, α) denote the class of functions analytic in ⋃ and satisfying the condition that f(z) ϵ S(A, B, p, α) if and only if for some P(z) ϵ P(A, B, p, α) and all z in ⋃.In this paper we determine the bounds for |f(z)| and in S(A, B, p, α), we investigate the coefficient estimates for functions of the class S(A, B, p, α) and we study some properties of the class S(A, B, p, α).
A note on the k‐domination number of a graph
Authors: Caro Y. , Roditty Y. 
Published: September 2002

The k‐domination number of a graph G = G(V, E), γk(G), is the least cardinality of a set X ⊂ V such that any vertex in VX is adjacent to at least k vertices of X.Extending a result of Cockayne, Gamble and Shepherd [4], we prove that if , n ≥ 1, k ≥ 1 then, , where p is the order of G.
On the discrepancy of coloring finite sets
Authors: Hajela D. 
Published: September 2002

Given a subset S of {1, …, n} and a map X : {1, …, n} → {−1, 1}, (i.e. a coloring of {1, …, n} with two colors, say red and blue) define the discrepancy of S with respect to X to be (the difference between the reds and blues on S). Given n subsets of {1, …, n}, a question of Erdos was to find a coloring of {1, …, n} which simultaneously minimized the discrepancy of the n subsets. We give new and simple proofs of some of the results obtained previously on this problem via an inequality for vectors.Corrigendum to
“On the discrepancy of coloring finite sets”dx.doi.org/10.1155/S0161171291000534
A queueing system with a fixed accumulation level, random server capacity and capacity dependent service time
Authors: Dshalalow Jewgeni H. , Tadj Lotfi 
Published: September 2002

This paper introduces a bulk queueing system with a single server processing groups of customers of a variable size. If upon completion of service the queueing level is at least r the server takes a batch of size r and processes it a random time arbitrarily distributed. If the queueing level is less than r the server idles until the queue accumulates r customers in total. Then the server capacity is generated by a random number equals the batch size taken for service which lasts an arbitrarily distributed time dependent on the batch size.The objective of the paper is the stationary distribution of queueing process which is studied via semi‐regenerative techniques. An ergodicity criterion for the process is established and an explicit formula for the generating function of the distribution is obtained.
Unordered Love in infinite directed graphs
Authors: Johnson Peter D. 
Published: September 2002

A digraph D = (V, A) has the Unordered Love Property (ULP) if any two different vertices have a unique common outneighbor. If both (V, A) and (V, A−1) have the ULP, we say that D has the SDULP.A love‐master in D is a vertex ν0 connected both ways to every other vertex, such that D − ν0 is a disjoint union of directed cycles.The following results, more or less well‐known for finite digraphs, are proven here for D infinite: (i) if D is loopless and has the SDULP, then either D has a love‐master, or D is associable with a projective plane, obtainable by taking V as the set of points and the sets of outneighbors of vertices as the lines; (ii) every projective plane arises from a digraph with the SDULP, in this way.
First passage processes in Queuing system MX/Gr/1 with service delay discipline
Authors: Abolnikov Lev , Dshalalow Jewgeni H. , Dukhovny Alexander M. 
Published: September 2002

This article deals with a general single‐server bulk queueing system with a server waiting until the queue will reach level r before it starts processing customers. If at least r customers are available the server takes a batch of the fixed size r of units for service. The input stream is assumed to be a compound Poisson process modulated by a semi‐Markov process and with a multilevel control of service time.The authors evaluate the steady state probabilities of the queueing processes with discrete and continuous time parameter preliminarily establishing necessary and sufficient conditions for the ergodicity of the processes. The authors use the recent results on the first excess level processes to explicitly find all characteristics of the named processes. Some characteristics of the input process, service cycle, intensity of the system, and both idle and busy periods are also found. The results obtained in the article are illustrated by numerous examples.
On outer measures and semi‐separation of lattices
Authors: Schutz Robert W. 
Published: September 2002

This present paper is concerned with set functions related to {0, 1} two valued measures.
These set functions are either outer measures or have many of the same characteristics. We investigate their
properties and look at relations among them. We note in particular their association with the semi‐separation of lattices.To be more specific, we define three set functions μ″, μ′, and related to μ ϵ I(L) the {0, 1} two
valued set functions defined on the algebra generated by the lattice of sets L st μ is a finitely additive
monotone set function for which μ(ϕ) = 0. We note relations among them and properties they possess.ln
particular necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the semi‐separation of lattices in terms of
equality of set functions over a lattice of subsets.Finally the notion of I‐lattice is defined, we look at some properties of these with certain other side
conditions assume, and end with an application involving semi‐separation and I‐lattices.
A new analogue of Gauss′ functional equation
Authors: Haruki Hiroshi , Rassias Themistocles M. 
Published: September 2002

Gauss established a theory on the functional equation (Gauss′ functional equation)

urn:x-wiley:01611712:media:ijmm248590:ijmm248590-math-0001

,
where f : R+ × R+ → R is an unknown function of the above equation.In this paper we treat the functional equation

urn:x-wiley:01611712:media:ijmm248590:ijmm248590-math-0002

where f : R+ × R+ → R is an unknown function of this equation.The purpose of this paper is to prove new results on this functional equation by following
the theory of Gauss′ functional equation.
Generating new classes of orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Branquinho Amílcar , Marcellán Francisco 
Published: September 2002

Given a sequence of monic orthogonal polynomials (MOPS), {Pn}, with respect
to a quasi‐definite linear functional u, we find necessary and sufficient conditions on the parameters
an and bn
for the sequence

urn:x-wiley:01611712:media:ijmm657910:ijmm657910-math-0001

to be orthogonal. In particular, we can find explicitly the linear functional v such that the new
sequence is the corresponding family of orthogonal polynomials. Some applications for Hermite
and Tchebychev orthogonal polynomials of second kind are obtained.We also solve a problem of this type for orthogonal polynomials with respect to a Hermitian
linear functional.
A note on monotonicity property of Bessel functions
Authors: Koumandos Stamatis 
Published: September 2002

A theorem of Lorch, Muldoon and Szegö states that the sequence

urn:x-wiley:01611712:media:ijmm683727:ijmm683727-math-0001

is decreasing for α > −1/2, where Jα(t) the Bessel function of the first kind order α and jα,k its kth
positive root. This monotonicity property implies Szegö′s inequality

urn:x-wiley:01611712:media:ijmm683727:ijmm683727-math-0002

,
when α ≥ α′ and α′ is the unique solution of .We give a new and simpler proof of these classical results by expressing the above Bessel function
integral as an integral involving elementary functions.
Nonwandering sets of maps on the circle
Authors: Yeom Seung Wha , Min Kyung Jin , Cho Seong Hoon 
Published: September 2002

Let f be a continuous map of the circle S1 into itself. And let R(f), Λ(f), Γ(f), and Ω(f) denote the set of recurrent points, ω‐limit points, γ‐limit points, and nonwandering points of f, respectively. In this paper, we show that each point of is one‐side isolated, and prove that(1) Ω(f)\Γ(f) is countable and(2) Λ(f)\Γ(f) and are either empty or countably infinite.