bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure and Coccidioidomycosis-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Heidari Arash , Kaur Simmer , Pearson Skyler J , Munoz Augustine , Sandhu Harleen , Mann Gursimran , Schivo Michael , Zeki Amir A , Bays Derek J , Wilson Machelle , Albertson Timothy E , Johnson Royce , Thompson George R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Severe coccidioidomycosis presenting with respiratory failure is an uncommon manifestation of disease. Current knowledge of this condition is limited to case reports and small case series.

Methods
A retrospective multicenter review of patients with coccidioidomycosis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (CA-ARDS) was conducted. It assessed clinical and laboratory variables at the time of presentation, reviewed the treatment course, and compared this cohort with a national database of patients with noncoccidioidomycosis ARDS. Survivors and nonsurvivors of coccidioidomycosis were also compared to determine prognostic factors.

Results
In this study, CA-ARDS (n = 54) was most common in males, those of Hispanic ethnicity, and those with concurrent diabetes mellitus. As compared with the PETAL network database (Prevention and Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury; n = 1006), patients with coccidioidomycosis were younger, had fewer comorbid conditions, and were less acidemic. The 90-day mortality was 15.4% for patients with coccidioidomycosis, as opposed to 42.6% (P &lt; .0001) for patients with noncoccidioidomycosis ARDS. Patients with coccidioidomycosis who died, as compared with those who survived, were older, had higher APACHE II scores (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation), and did not receive corticosteroid therapy.

Conclusions
CA-ARDS is an uncommon but morbid manifestation of infection. When compared with a national database, the overall mortality appears favorable vs other causes of ARDS. Patients with CA-ARDS had a low overall mortality but required prolonged antifungal therapy. The utility of corticosteroids in this condition remains unconfirmed.
The Burden and Impact of Early Post-transplant Multidrug-Resistant Organism Detection Among Renal Transplant Recipients, 2005–2021
Authors: Babiker Ahmed , Karadkhele Geeta , Bombin Andrei , Watkins Rockford , Robichaux Chad , Smith Gillian , Beechar Vivek B , Steed Danielle B , Jacob Jesse T , Read Timothy D , Satola Sarah , Larsen Christian P , Kraft Colleen S , Pouch Stephanie M , Woodworth Michael H 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Reducing the burden of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) colonization and infection among renal transplant recipients (RTRs) may improve patient outcomes. We aimed to assess whether the detection of an MDRO or a comparable antibiotic-susceptible organism (CSO) during the early post-transplant (EPT) period was associated with graft loss and mortality among RTRs.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of RTRs transplanted between 2005 and 2021. EPT positivity was defined as a positive bacterial culture within 30 days of transplant. The incidence and prevalence of EPT MDRO detection were calculated. The primary outcome was a composite of 1-year allograft loss or mortality following transplant. Multivariable Cox hazard regression, competing risk, propensity score–weighted sensitivity, and subgroup analyses were performed.

Results
Among 3507 RTRs, the prevalence of EPT MDRO detection was 1.3% (95% CI, 0.91%–1.69%) with an incidence rate per 1000 EPT-days at risk of 0.42 (95% CI, 0.31–0.57). Among RTRs who met survival analysis inclusion criteria (n = 3432), 91% (3138/3432) had no positive EPT cultures and were designated as negative controls, 8% (263/3432) had a CSO detected, and 1% (31/3432) had an MDRO detected in the EPT period. EPT MDRO detection was associated with the composite outcome (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 3.29; 95% CI, 1.21–8.92) and death-censored allograft loss (cause-specific aHR, 7.15; 95% CI, 0.92–55.5; subdistribution aHR, 7.15; 95% CI, 0.95–53.7). A similar trend was seen in the subgroup and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
MDRO detection during the EPT period was associated with allograft loss, suggesting the need for increased strategies to optimize prevention of MDRO colonization and infection.
Implementation of a Prospective Index-Cluster Sampling Strategy for the Detection of Presymptomatic Viral Respiratory Infection in Undergraduate Students
Authors: Uthappa Diya M , McClain Micah T , Nicholson Bradly P , Park Lawrence P , Zhbannikov Ilya , Suchindran Sunil , Jimenez Monica , Constantine Florica J , Nichols Marshall , Jones Daphne C , Hudson Lori L , Jaggers L Brett , Veldman Timothy , Burke Thomas W , Tsalik Ephraim L , Ginsburg Geoffrey S , Woods Christopher W 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Index-cluster studies may help characterize the spread of communicable infections in the presymptomatic state. We describe a prospective index-cluster sampling strategy (ICSS) to detect presymptomatic respiratory viral illness and its implementation in a college population.

Methods
We enrolled an annual cohort of first-year undergraduates who completed daily electronic symptom diaries to identify index cases (ICs) with respiratory illness. Investigators then selected 5–10 potentially exposed, asymptomatic close contacts (CCs) who were geographically co-located to follow for infections. Symptoms and nasopharyngeal samples were collected for 5 days. Logistic regression model–based predictions for proportions of self-reported illness were compared graphically for the whole cohort sampling group and the CC group.

Results
We enrolled 1379 participants between 2009 and 2015, including 288 ICs and 882 CCs. The median number of CCs per IC was 6 (interquartile range, 3–8). Among the 882 CCs, 111 (13%) developed acute respiratory illnesses. Viral etiology testing in 246 ICs (85%) and 719 CCs (82%) identified a pathogen in 57% of ICs and 15% of CCs. Among those with detectable virus, rhinovirus was the most common (IC: 18%; CC: 6%) followed by coxsackievirus/echovirus (IC: 11%; CC: 4%). Among 106 CCs with a detected virus, only 18% had the same virus as their associated IC. Graphically, CCs did not have a higher frequency of self-reported illness relative to the whole cohort sampling group.

Conclusions
Establishing clusters by geographic proximity did not enrich for cases of viral transmission, suggesting that ICSS may be a less effective strategy to detect spread of respiratory infection.
An unusual presentation of takotsubo syndrome in an elderly patient
Authors: Khan Israr , Atoot Adam 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Takotsubo syndrome occurs predominantly in women and is usually preceded by acute emotional and/or physical stress. Patients commonly present with chest pain and/or dyspnea. Syncope or out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a rare presentation. We report an unusual case of takotsubo syndrome in an elderly patient who presented with left facial droop, slurred speech, and syncopal episode. Initial presumed diagnosis was an ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack. However, the patient was then treated for acute myocardial ischemia/infarction based on abnormal electrocardiogram, elevated cardiac troponin, and unremarkable neurological workup. Eventually diagnosed with takotsubo syndrome. Our case illustrates the importance of prompt identification particularly in the context of atypical presentation and further evaluation to rule out serious causes to mitigate related morbidity and mortality while simultaneously avoiding unnecessary investigations.
The sad tale of a youthful right ventricle struggling with endomyocardial fibrosis
Authors: El-Mhadi Samah , Agoumy Zineb , El Hajjaj Belghait , Bendagha Nesma , Soufiani Aida , Moughil Said 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a rare and often underdiagnosed form of restrictive cardiomyopathy. Prognosis is generally unfavorable. Early diagnosis, along with surgical and medical intervention, is crucial for improved outcomes. We report the case of a 15-year-old girl from Guinea who presented with suspected Ebstein’s anomaly and severe right heart failure. Multimodal cardiac imaging revealed right ventricular EMF. Despite counseling on prognosis, the family declined surgery. The patient experienced cardiac arrest two months later.
Patient with a history of Glanzmann thrombasthenia presented with chronic subdural hematoma: a case report study
Authors: Hasanpour Mohammad , Mehdizadeh Hajar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare platelet disorder characterized by qualitative/quantitative deficiencies of the platelets’ fibrinogen receptor, glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa complex, resulting in impaired platelet aggregation and increased bleeding time. Most cases are hereditary with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance, but acquired GT also occurs. We report the surgical management of symptomatic chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), a rare condition in young individuals, in a 37-year-old man who had GT and a history of mild head trauma approximately one month before admission. Despite hematologic consultation, normal bleeding time and clotting time, and platelet transfusion before surgery, massive hemorrhage during surgery, epidural hematoma, and anisocoria in the ICU occurred that led to craniectomy. This report highlights that CSDH management in patients with GT requires close monitoring of these patients as well as collaboration between neurosurgeons, intensive care physicians, hematologists, and anesthesiologists.
Effective sympathetic nerve block for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a case report
Authors: Kuroyanagi Aya , Inano Chiaki , Adachi Junko , Kaneko Goro , Toyokawa Hideki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most difficult-to-alleviate side effects of chemotherapy, impacting the patient’s daily activities and quality of life and frequently necessitating the discontinuation or dose reduction of anticancer drugs. An effective treatment for CIPN is yet to be established. Herein, we report the case of a patient who developed CIPN after receiving paclitaxel as postoperative chemotherapy for breast cancer. The patient experienced difficulties in performing daily activities owing to pain in her fingers and toes despite attempts to treat these symptoms with medications. Stellate and lumbar sympathetic ganglion blocks improved CIPN-induced symptoms of numbness and pain in the extremities. Thereafter, lumbar sympathetic ganglion block was performed once every 6 months, markedly improving the patient’s quality of life. Accordingly, sympathetic nerve block can facilitate pain control in patients with CIPN refractory to pharmacotherapy.
Education gradient in differential health reporting error among older adults in India
Authors: Choi Anna , Basu Arnab K , Chau Nancy H , Sekher T V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper studies the education gradient associated with health reporting errors for two highly prevalent non-communicable diseases among older adults in India. We analyze a novel data set—the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (2017–18) panel survey—to unpack the sources of health reporting error in a developing-country context for the first time. Our analysis points to a statistically significant level of false negative reporting (or over-reporting) for both high blood pressure and depression by those with no schooling and less than middle school education relative to their more highly educated peers. Interestingly, this result is driven by those whose income is above the poverty line. We further find false negative reporting for high blood pressure to be more prevalent among women with no schooling.
Secondary Amazon rainforest partially recovers tree cavities suitable for nesting birds in 18–34 years
Authors: Dantas Oliveira Carine , Cornelius Cintia , Stouffer Philip C , Cockle Kristina L 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Passive restoration of secondary forests can partially offset loss of biodiversity following tropical deforestation. Tree cavities, an essential resource for cavity-nesting birds, are usually associated with old forest. We investigated the restoration time for tree cavities suitable for cavity-nesting birds in secondary forest at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) in central Amazonian Brazil. We hypothesized that cavity abundance would increase with forest age, but more rapidly in areas exposed to cutting only, compared to areas where forest was cut and burned. We also hypothesized that cavities would be lower, smaller, and less variable in secondary forest than in old-growth forest, which at the BDFFP is part of a vast lowland forest with no recent history of human disturbance. We used pole-mounted cameras and tree-climbing to survey cavities in 39 plots (each 200 × 40 m) across old-growth forests and 11–34-year-old secondary forests. We used generalized linear models to examine how cavity supply was related to forest age and land-use history (cut only vs cut-and-burn), and principal components analysis to compare cavity characteristics between old-growth and secondary forest. Cavity availability increased with secondary forest age, regardless of land-use history, but the oldest secondary forest (31–34 years) still had fewer cavities (mean ± SE = 9.8 ± 2.2 cavities ha–1) than old-growth forest (20.5 ± 4.2 cavities ha–1). Moreover, secondary forests lacked cavities that were high and deep, with large entrances—characteristics likely to be important for many species of cavity-nesting birds. Several decades may be necessary to restore cavity supply in secondary Amazonian forests, especially for the largest birds (e.g., forest-falcons and parrots &gt; 190 g). Retention of legacy trees as forest is cleared might help maintain a supply of cavities that could allow earlier recolonization by some species of cavity-nesting birds when cleared areas are abandoned. A Portuguese version of this article is available in Supplementary Material 1.
Nitrogen sensing and regulatory networks: it's about time and space
Authors: Shanks Carly M , Rothkegel Karin , Brooks Matthew D , Cheng Chia-Yi , Alvarez José M , Ruffel Sandrine , Krouk Gabriel , Gutiérrez Rodrigo A , Coruzzi Gloria M 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA plant's response to external and internal nitrogen signals/status relies on sensing and signaling mechanisms that operate across spatial and temporal dimensions. From a comprehensive systems biology perspective, this involves integrating nitrogen responses in different cell types and over long distances to ensure organ coordination in real time and yield practical applications. In this prospective review, we focus on novel aspects of nitrogen (N) sensing/signaling uncovered using temporal and spatial systems biology approaches, largely in the model Arabidopsis. The temporal aspects span: transcriptional responses to N-dose mediated by Michaelis-Menten kinetics, the role of the master NLP7 transcription factor as a nitrate sensor, its nitrate-dependent TF nuclear retention, its “hit-and-run” mode of target gene regulation, and temporal transcriptional cascade identified by “network walking.” Spatial aspects of N-sensing/signaling have been uncovered in cell type-specific studies in roots and in root-to-shoot communication. We explore new approaches using single-cell sequencing data, trajectory inference, and pseudotime analysis as well as machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches. Finally, unveiling the mechanisms underlying the spatial dynamics of nitrogen sensing/signaling networks across species from model to crop could pave the way for translational studies to improve nitrogen-use efficiency in crops. Such outcomes could potentially reduce the detrimental effects of excessive fertilizer usage on groundwater pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
MAC3A and MAC3B mediate degradation of the transcription factor ERF13 and thus promote lateral root emergence
Authors: Yu Zipeng , Qu Xingzhen , Lv Bingsheng , Li Xiaoxuan , Sui Jiaxuan , Yu Qianqian , Ding Zhaojun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lateral roots (LRs) increase root surface area and allow plants greater access to soil water and nutrients. LR formation is tightly regulated by the phytohormone auxin. Whereas the transcription factor ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING FACTOR13 (ERF13) prevents LR emergence in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), auxin activates MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE14 (MPK14), which leads to ERF13 degradation and ultimately promotes LR emergence. In this study, we discovered interactions between ERF13 and the E3 ubiquitin ligases MOS4-ASSOCIATED COMPLEX 3A (MAC3A) and MAC3B. As MAC3A and MAC3B gradually accumulate in the LR primordium, ERF13 levels gradually decrease. We demonstrate that MAC3A and MAC3B ubiquitinate ERF13, leading to its degradation and accelerating the transition of LR primordia from stages IV to V. Auxin enhances the MAC3A and MAC3B interaction with ERF13 by facilitating MPK14-mediated ERF13 phosphorylation. In summary, this study reveals the molecular mechanism by which auxin eliminates the inhibitory factor ERF13 through the MPK14-MAC3A and MAC3B signaling module, thus promoting LR emergence.
The chromatin remodeler ERCC6 and the histone chaperone NAP1 are involved in apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-mediated DNA repair
Authors: Fan Tianyi , Shi Tianfang , Sui Ran , Wang Jingqi , Kang Huijia , Yu Yao , Zhu Yan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
During base excision repair (BER), the apurinic or apyrimidinic (AP) site serves as an intermediate product following base excision. In plants, APE-redox protein (ARP) represents the major AP site of cleavage activity. Despite the well-established understanding that the nucleosomal structure acts as a barrier to various DNA-templated processes, the regulatory mechanisms underlying BER at the chromatin level remain elusive, especially in plants. In this study, we identified plant chromatin remodeler Excision Repair Cross-Complementing protein group 6 (ERCC6) and histone chaperone Nucleosome Assembly Protein 1 (NAP1) as interacting proteins with ARP. The catalytic ATPase domain of ERCC6 facilitates its interaction with both ARP and NAP1. Additionally, ERCC6 and NAP1 synergistically contribute to nucleosome sliding and exposure of hindered endonuclease cleavage sites. Loss-of-function mutations in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ERCC6 or NAP1 resulted in arp-dependent plant hypersensitivity to 5-fluorouracil, a toxic agent inducing BER, and the accumulation of AP sites. Furthermore, similar protein interactions are also found in yeast cells, suggesting a conserved recruitment mechanism employed by the AP endonuclease to overcome chromatin barriers during BER progression.
Heat stress at the bicellular stage inhibits sperm cell development and transport into pollen tubes
Authors: Li Xingli , Bruckmann Astrid , Dresselhaus Thomas , Begcy Kevin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For successful double fertilization in flowering plants (angiosperms), pollen tubes deliver 2 nonmotile sperm cells toward female gametes (egg and central cell, respectively). Heatwaves, especially during the reproduction period, threaten male gametophyte (pollen) development, resulting in severe yield losses. Using maize (Zea mays) as a crop and grass model system, we found strong seed set reduction when moderate heat stress was applied for 2 d during the uni- and bicellular stages of pollen development. We show that heat stress accelerates pollen development and impairs pollen germination capabilities when applied at the unicellular stage. Heat stress at the bicellular stage impairs sperm cell development and transport into pollen tubes. To understand the course of the latter defects, we used marker lines and analyzed the transcriptomes of isolated sperm cells. Heat stress affected the expression of genes associated with transcription, RNA processing and translation, DNA replication, and the cell cycle. This included the genes encoding centromeric histone 3 (CENH3) and α-tubulin. Most genes that were misregulated encode proteins involved in the transition from metaphase to anaphase during pollen mitosis II. Heat stress also activated spindle assembly check point and meta- to anaphase transition genes in sperm cells. In summary, misregulation of the identified genes during heat stress at the bicellular stage results in sperm cell development and transport defects ultimately leading to sterility.
Forest demography and biomass accumulation rates are associated with transient mean tree size vs. density scaling relations
Authors: Yu Kailiang , Chen Han Y H , Gessler Arthur , Pugh Thomas A M , Searle Eric B , Allen Robert B , Pretzsch Hans , Ciais Philippe , Phillips Oliver L , Brienen Roel J W , Chu Chengjin , Xie Shubin , Ballantyne Ashley P 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Linking individual and stand-level dynamics during forest development reveals a scaling relationship between mean tree size and tree density in forest stands, which integrates forest structure and function. However, the nature of this so-called scaling law and its variation across broad spatial scales remain unquantified, and its linkage with forest demographic processes and carbon dynamics remains elusive. In this study, we develop a theoretical framework and compile a broad-scale dataset of long-term sample forest stands (n = 1,433) from largely undisturbed forests to examine the association of temporal mean tree size vs. density scaling trajectories (slopes) with biomass accumulation rates and the sensitivity of scaling slopes to environmental and demographic drivers. The results empirically demonstrate a large variation of scaling slopes, ranging from −4 to −0.2, across forest stands in tropical, temperate, and boreal forest biomes. Steeper scaling slopes are associated with higher rates of biomass accumulation, resulting from a lower offset of forest growth by biomass loss from mortality. In North America, scaling slopes are positively correlated with forest stand age and rainfall seasonality, thus suggesting a higher rate of biomass accumulation in younger forests with lower rainfall seasonality. These results demonstrate the strong association of the transient mean tree size vs. density scaling trajectories with forest demography and biomass accumulation rates, thus highlighting the potential of leveraging forest structure properties to predict forest demography, carbon fluxes, and dynamics at broad spatial scales.
Identifying content-invariant neural signatures of perceptual vividness
Authors: Barnett Benjy , Andersen Lau M , Fleming Stephen M , Dijkstra Nadine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Some conscious experiences are more vivid than others. Although perceptual vividness is a key component of human consciousness, how variation in this magnitude property is registered by the human brain is unknown. A striking feature of neural codes for magnitude in other psychological domains, such as number or reward, is that the magnitude property is represented independently of its sensory features. To test whether perceptual vividness also covaries with neural codes that are invariant to sensory content, we reanalyzed existing magnetoencephalography and functional MRI data from two distinct studies which quantified perceptual vividness via subjective ratings of awareness and visibility. Using representational similarity and decoding analyses, we find evidence for content-invariant neural signatures of perceptual vividness distributed across visual, parietal, and frontal cortices. Our findings indicate that the neural correlates of subjective vividness may share similar properties to magnitude codes in other cognitive domains.