bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of South Florida estuaries to the 2023 heatwave
Authors: Shi Jing , Hu Chuanmin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

While a record-high water temperature of 38.4°C on 24 July 2023 has been reported from a local site in Florida’s Manatee Bay, satellite images revealed more extensive record-high water temperature in South Florida estuaries in July 2023 as a response to the 2023 heatwave, with an average sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly of 1.47°C above the 2003–2022 mean. Long-term first-half-year SST anomalies and long-term SST trend components of the time series both show significant warming trends in these estuaries between 2003 and 2023 (0.73°C/decade), which is almost twice as much as in the Gulf of Mexico (0.39°C/decade). Furthermore, the warming trend appears to have accelerated over the past decade. In the context of global warming in the 21st century, such a warming trend and response to heatwave may lead to more heat stress on the precious coral reefs and seagrasses in these already fragile estuaries.
Construction and validation of a diagnostic model for high-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Authors: Liang Yu , Fan ErXi , Qiu Guang Yin , Zhang Jing , Xu Tong , Song Jun , Huang FuHong , Wang Dong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to construct a diagnostic model by exploring the potential predictors of high-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and verifying its reliability.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of PTMC patients who underwent surgical treatment from 2004 to 2015 in the SEER database (training set) and the clinical pathological ultrasound information of PTMC patients at the Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from 2020 to 2022 (external validation set) was conducted. In the training set, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen independent predictive factors for high-risk PTMC patients in pathology. A nomogram diagnostic model was further constructed. Additionally, ROC curves and calibration curves were drawn to evaluate the efficiency of the model. In the external validation set, the diagnostic model was indirectly evaluated based on preoperative ultrasound imaging features to explore the feasibility and reliability of diagnosing high-risk PTMC through preoperative ultrasound imaging features.
Results
A total of 1628 patients were included in the training set, and 530 patients were included in the test set. The independent risk factors for pathological high-risk PTMC were sex, age, tumor maximum diameter, tumor invasiveness, and cervical lymph nodes (P < 0.05). The C-index of the nomogram constructed based on these five factors was 0.947, with an optimal sensitivity of 96.7% and a specificity of 86.0%. The calibration curve showed that the model had high consistency. The area under the curve (AUC) value of the ROC curve for high-risk PTMC predicted by the risk score based on ultrasound features was 0.824 [95% CI (0.789, 0.860)], which was highly consistent with the risk score based on pathological features (κ = 0.758, P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Indirect evaluation of a high-risk PTMC diagnostic model based on preoperative ultrasound imaging features had high predictive efficiency and potential value for clinical application.
Snow cover changes on the Tibetan Plateau and Eurasian continent and their relationship with precipitation in China
Authors: An Yingying , Meng Xianhong , Zhao Lin , Li Zhaoguo , Wang Chan , Chen Hao , Shang Lunyu , Wang Shaoying , Liu Yumeng , Zhu Hanhui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and correlation analyses were used to study the winter and spring snow cover changes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and Eurasian continent and their relationship with precipitation in China based on satellite, ground observation and reanalysis data. The results show that the winter and spring snow cover in Eurasia not only indicates a decreasing trend due to global warming (the first EOF mode, its variance accounted for 24.4% of the total variance) but also exhibits significant interannual variation (the second EOF mode, its variance accounted for 10.2% of the total variance). The spatial distribution of the second EOF mode is characterized by a west-east dipole pattern, which plays an important role in regulating winter precipitation in China during the same period, leading to some extent to the precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River Valley and South China, and the opposite trend of precipitation in the east and west of the TP and the south. Moreover, this mode is significantly correlated with the meridional quadrupole summer rainfall pattern, with excessive rainfall over northeast China and the Yellow River basin and deficient rainfall over Inner Mongolia and southern China. The EOF mode of spring snowmelt in Eurasia also reflects the decreasing trend of snow depth, and its influence on summer rainfall in China cannot be ignored. Larger spring snow cover in Eurasia leads to excessive rainfall in Northeast China and eastern TP and less precipitation in the Yangtze River Valley and southern TP.
Evaluation of radiomics in improving the diagnostic efficacy of whole body 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy
Authors: Ming Du , Jun Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
[Objective] to establish and verify the prediction model by using radiomics, and explore whether radiomics can improve the diagnostic efficiency of whole-body 99mTc MDP bone scintigraphy. [Methods] 79 patients who completed whole body bone scintigraphy were retrospectively analyzed. The 19 regions of interest were merged into one region of interest on the anterior posterior and posterior anterior positions of whole body bone scintigraphy images, and the consistency of the delineation results was evaluated. The 99mTc-MDP bone scintillation image features were extracted by Pyradiology 1.23.1. They were randomly divided into training group and test group according to 7:3. Univariate logic analysis and variable of stepwise selection method were used to screen the characteristics. Use forest to build a model from the selected features and test the model characteristics. The R language was selected to draw the working characteristic curve of the subjects to determine the performance of the machine learning model. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve were calculated, which were statistically significant (P < 0.05). [Results] the consistency of anterior posterior and posterior anterior ROI of 99mTc-MDP whole body scintigraphy was 0.98. There were significant differences in the regional characteristics of ROI between the bone metastasis group and the non bone metastasis group. Use variable, threshold 1, to further reduce the number of features to 8. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the training group and the test group were 88.9%, 96.4% and 92.7%, 91.7%, 91.7% and 91.7%, respectively. [Conclusion] the accuracy of the prediction model of bone metastases established by radiomics method is better than the deep learning method, which can improve the whole-body diagnostic efficiency of 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy image, especially for small sample data, improve the diagnostic accuracy and reduce the clinical workload, which has good application and promotion value and potential.
Alteration of structural and functional properties of tea polysaccharides after selenylation modification
Authors: Gao Weilan , Zheng Zhan , Chen Rongyu , Zhang Na , Wang Xuehua , Zhu Zhenzhou , Li Shuyi , Cong Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Selenylation modification is an effective way to improve the nutritional and health effects of tea polysaccharide (TPS), but the effects of different selenylation methods on the structure and efficacy of polysaccharides remain unclear. In this study, a series of chemically selenized tea polysaccharides (CSe-TPS, selenium content of 129.98 ~ 1454.99 µg/g) were prepared by Na2SeO3-HNO3 method, which were promoted by heating (HCSe-TPS), ultrasound (UCSe-TPS) and pulse electric field (PCSe-TPS) treatment, respectively. These different CSe-TPSs were systematacially compared with ordinary tea polysaccharides (Ord-TPS) and naturally selenium-enriched tea polysaccharides (NSe-TPS) in aspect of molecular structure and biological functions. The results of molecular structure and apparent morphology showed that the particle size (p < 0.05) and the thermal stability of Ord-TPS were reduced after selenylation modification, while the absolute potential of polysaccharide was increased (p < 0.05), coupled with altered monosaccharide composition and changed apparent morphology. However, the main functional groups and the secondary structure of Ord-TPS did not change. The antioxidant activity of TPS after selenylation were improved as well as their inhibitory effects on carbohydrate digestive enzymes (p < 0.05). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of PCSe-TPS (selenium content of 240.66 µmol/g) was enhanced by 85.41% compared with Ord-TPS (selenium content of 129.80 µmol/g), while its IC50 values on inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase were significantly lower than other TPS (p < 0.05), which suggested best antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. Moreover, TPS with higher selenium content and smaller particle size showed better antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities. This research will provide new strategies for application of tea polysaccharides.
Screening biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus based on single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing
Authors: Yang Meng , Yang Di , Gan Linquan , Wu Yongzhuo , Pan Yanbin , Deng Guiyan , Cheng Xiangui , Zheng Wenjun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease. The pathogenesis of SLE remains unclear, and the aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers of SLE. First, key modules and key cell clusters for the trait of sample grouping were screened by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SLE and normal samples in GSE72326 were screened. The candidate genes were obtained by overlapping DEGs, key module genes, and the marker genes of key cell clusters. The random forest algorithm was executed based on candidate genes, and the top 5 genes were selected as the hub genes. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of hub genes was performed. Finally, expression validation, methylation analysis, and immunoinfiltration analysis were completed. A total of 90 DEGs were obtained between SLE and control samples in the GSE72326 dataset. By random forest analysis, the hub genes (TNFSF13B, FCGR1A, TNFSF10, ISG15, LAP3) were obtained. GSEA revealed that TNFSF13B and FCGR1A were involved in primary immunodeficiency, cytosolic DNA sensing pathway, ribosome, and TNFSF10, ISG15, and LAP3 were related to pyruvate metabolism, complement and coagulation cascade. TNFSF13B, FCGR1A, TNFSF10, ISG15, and LAP3 were identified as hub genes of SLE, which provides a new perspective to study SLE. Purpose: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease. The pathogenesis of SLE remains unclear, and the aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers of SLE. Patients and methods: First, key modules and key cell clusters for the trait of sample grouping were screened by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SLE and normal samples in GSE72326 were screened. The candidate genes were obtained by overlapping DEGs, key module genes, and the marker genes of key cell clusters. The random forest algorithm was executed based on candidate genes, and the top 5 genes were selected as the hub genes. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of hub genes was performed. Finally, expression validation, methylation analysis, and immunoinfiltration analysis were completed. Results: A total of 90 DEGs were obtained between SLE and control samples in the GSE72326 dataset. By random forest analysis, the hub genes (TNFSF13B, FCGR1A, TNFSF10, ISG15, LAP3) were obtained. GSEA revealed that TNFSF13B and FCGR1A were involved in primary immunodeficiency, cytosolic DNA sensing pathway, ribosome, and TNFSF10, ISG15, and LAP3 were related to pyruvate metabolism, complement and coagulation cascade. Conclusion: TNFSF13B, FCGR1A, TNFSF10, ISG15, and LAP3 were identified as hub genes of SLE, which provides a new perspective to study SLE.
Variations in Land Surface Temperature Increase in South-East Asian Cities
Authors: Munawar Munawar , McNeil Rhysa , Jani Rohana , Buya Suhaimee , Tarmizi Tarmizi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Climate change and global warming are terms used to describe the increase in the Earth's mean temperature. One method for determining the temperature of a region is Land Surface Temperature (LST). The study of LST is important and closely related to climate change, as well as the provision of convenient living and working conditions in cities, which support economic growth. The NASA Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) database was deployed to obtain information on the LST of each subregion for the period from 2000 to 2022. The study area consists of 11 capital cities from Southeast Asian (SEA) nations, organized into nine sub-regional super-regions. The study's objective was to employ a cubic spline model with seven and eight knots to assess the periodic patterns and fluctuations of LST in SEA cities. A 95% confidence interval was then created using the LST variation. The findings showed a confidence interval of [0.295, 0.447]°C at a 95% confidence level and an overall average increase in LST in the SEA of 0.371°C per decade. While LST increased in Jakarta, Hanoi, Vientiane, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, and Phnom Penh, it remained unchanged in the Bandar Seri Begawan super-region. On the other hand, LST was slightly lower in Naypyidaw and slightly higher in Manila.
Construct a prognostic model based on fatty acid metabolism/ferroptosis-related genes and reveal the immune heterogeneity and somatic mutation specificity of rectal adenocarcinoma in different groups
Authors: Wang Jie , Chen Hongyun , Qu Yanli , Xu Meng , Guo Genyan , Ju Qi , Yu Yang , Jiang Xin , Guo Xu , Zhao Guohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The prognosis of late stage rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) patients is poor and the recurrence rate is high. The aim of this research is to explore the prognostic value and underlying molecular mechanism of genes related to fatty acid metabolism/ferroptosis in READ.
Methods: All data and clinical information were obtained by accessing public databases. A risk model was constructed based on fatty acid metabolism/ferroptosis-related genes by LASSO algorithm and Cox regression analysis. Then, relationship between the risk score and various clinical characteristics was analyzed. Subsequently, a nomogram was constructed to assess survival. The characteristics of immune microenvironment and somatic mutations in different groups were also investigated.
Results: A risk score constructed based on 6 fatty acid metabolism/ferroptosis-related genes was found to be independent prognostic factors of READ and was also associated with disease progression. According to the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the overall survival of READ in the high-risk group score was lower. Moreover, the risk model has high predictive value and good predictive capacity in predicting the long-term prognosis of READ. Immune heterogeneity and somatic mutation specificity were also found in different risk groups. Immunotherapy could potentially provide greater benefits for the high-risk group.
Conclusion: Explored the prognostic value and potential mechanism of genes related to fatty acid metabolism/ferroptosis in READ, which is helpful to deepen the understanding of the pathological mechanism of patients and lay a theoretical foundation for subsequent research and treatment.
The mediating effects of hope on the relationships of social support and self-esteem with psychological resilience in patients with stroke
Authors: SUN Boru , WANG Nan , LI Ke , YANG Yan , ZHANG Fengjiao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To explore the mediating effect of hope in the relationships between social support and self-esteem with psychological resilience among patients with stroke survivors in early rehabilitation.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Data from a cross-sectional survey of 210 patients undergoing early stroke rehabilitation were analysed using structural equation modelling. The variables of interest were measured using the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Herth Hope Index, and the Self-Esteem Scale. This article reports according to the STROBE checklist.
Results
A positive relationship was found between social support and psychological resilience (β1 = .548), which was mediated by hope (β2 = .114), and social support had significant direct effect on resilience (β3 = .434). A positive relationship was also found between self-esteem and psychological resilience (β4 = .380), which was mediated by hope (β5 = .200), and self-esteem had significant direct effect on resilience (β6 = .179).
Conclusion
According to the results of this study, some strategies can be incorporated into the rehabilitation process to enhance psychological resilience, such as cultivating individual personality characteristics and improving patients’ social relationships. In the future, we need to explore methods for improving psychological resilience among patients with stroke in combination with their risk factors to improve their quality of life and reduce the incidence of post-stroke depression.
Development of Internet of Things (IoT) for air pollution monitoring of Nagpur metropolis
Authors: Bajpai Anju , Kumar T P Girish , Sreeniva G , Srivas S K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the era of smart computing, edge computing, and machine intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT) is paving a greater role in establishing hyperconnective, cost-effective infrastructure for monitoring the environment. With the increase in the level of urbanization, increasing air pollution in cities is an alarming situation. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the pollution and carry out spatial analysis of the changes in air pollution on a real-time basis. To monitor and manage air pollutants, it is essential to put in place monitoring stations to plan controlling measures. Although commercial pollution monitoring stations are present, they are limited in number, expensive, and fixed in specific strategic locations. A pollution monitoring system that can be replicated easily, automatically collects and analyzes data, and is cost-effective is essential. This study has involved the development and experimentation of a network of smart IoT sensors in Nagpur metropolis. The developed smart air pollution monitoring system combines IoT technology with real-time pollution monitoring. The developed smart air pollution monitoring system measures and monitors temperature, humidity and pollutant concentration of Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, Carbon Dioxide, Sulphur Dioxide and PM2.5 and Nitrous oxides simultaneously through one compact device. This paper discusses the architecture and design of the IoT system for air pollution monitoring, with a case study of its establishment in Nagpur metropolis. The study envisages to support Sustainable Development Goals – SDG11 which aims to reduce the environmental impact of cities by improving air quality.
Physiological and transcriptomic comparasions provide insights into the coordinated mechanisms of Dendrobium spp in response to cold stress
Authors: Li Zhiyuan , Lu Shunjiao , Yi Shuangshuang , Mo Shunjin , Yu Xiaoyun , Yin Junmei , Zhang Changqing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Dendrobium spp is an tropical orchid with ornamental and medicinal value. Dendrobium spp is sensitive to low temperature, and the underlying cold–response regulatory mechanisms are unclear. Here, we compared the transcriptomic responses to cold stress of the cold–tolerant cultivar ‘Hongxing’ (HX) and the cold–sensitive cultivar ‘Sonia Hiasakul’ (SH).
Results
The chemometric results showed that the physiological response of SH in the later cold period was similar to that of HX during the entire period. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS–DA) showed that soluble proteins (SP) and POD were key physiological parameters for assessing the cold tolerance of two Dendrobium spp cultivars. The weighted gene co–expression network analysis (WGCNA) results showed that many cold response genes and metabolic pathways significantly associated with physiological indices were enriched in the 11 modules. The KEGG and GO enrichment analysis of the 105 hub genes showed that Dendrobium spp could adapt to cold stress by regulating signal transduction, plant hormones, transcription factors, protein translation and modification, functional proteins, biosynthesis and metabolism, cell structure, light and circadian clocks. Among them, the hub genes of the cold response network include signal transduction–remorin gene pp34, signal transduction–ABA pathway–related genes PP2C, SnRK2, ABF1 and SKIP17, Ca2+ signaling–related gene CRSH1, carbohydrate–related gene SS2, cell wall synthesis gene CAD7, and endocytosis–related gene VPS52A.
Conclusion
The cold–responsive genes and metabolic pathways of Dendrobium spp revealed in this study may contribute to further investigation of the mechanisms of the cold–tolerance genetic enhancement, and cold–resistance breeding in related plants.
Research on Plasma Modified Fly Ash Denitration
Authors: QI Zhan-feng , Wang Shuo , GUO Xiu-li 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The effects of reactor parameters and process parameters on the denitration rate of modified fly ash in different gas atmospheres were studied by using a dielectric barrier plasma reactor and using orthogonal experiments. The characteristics of modified fly ash were analyzed by using scanning electron microscope, specific surface area analyzer, X-ray diffraction, Boehm titration and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experimental data were processed by variance analysis and linear regression to induce the denitration mechanism. R2 of the linear regression analysis model is 0.789, which means that the adsorption pore size, acid groups and basic group can explain 78.9% of the change in denitration rate. The basic group will have a significant positive impact on the denitration rate, and the adsorption pore size and acidic group will have a significant negative impact on the denitration rate. Through variance analysis of the experimental data, it was found that the input power and discharge gap have a significant effect on the denitration rate, but the ionization time and discharge length have no significant effect. The input power affects the denitration rate by affecting the basic group, and the discharge gap affects the denitration rate by affecting the adsorption pore size. There are three denitration mechanisms on the surface of fly ash: physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and absorption process. Among them, chemical adsorption is the main mechanism of action, accounting for approximately 56.7%.