bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of 1H-NMR metabolomic profile of canine synovial fluid in patients affected by four progressive stages of spontaneous osteoarthritis
Authors: Piccionello Angela Palumbo , Sassaroli Sara , Pennasilico Luca , Rossi Giacomo , Di Cerbo Alessandro , Riccio Valentina , Di Bella Caterina , Laghi Luca , Angelini Maddalena , Marini Carlotta , Magi Gian Enrico 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to assess the metabolomic profile of the synovial fluid (SF) of dogs affected by spontaneous osteoarthritis (OA) and compare any differences based on disease progression. Sixty client-owned dogs affected by spontaneous OA underwent clinical, radiographic, and cytologic evaluations to confirm the diagnosis. The affected joints were divided into four study groups based on the Kallgreen–Lawrence classification: OA1 (mild), OA2 (moderate), OA3 (severe), and OA4 (extremely severe/deforming). The osteoarthritic joint’s SF was subjected to cytologic examination and 1H-NMR analysis. The metabolomic profiles of the study groups’ SF samples were statistically compared using one-way ANOVA. Sixty osteoarthritic joints (45 stifles, 10 shoulders and 5 elbows) were included in the study. Fourteen, 28, and 18 joints were included in the OA1, OA2, and OA3 groups, respectively (0 joints in the OA4 group). Metabolomic analysis identified 48 metabolites, five of which were significantly different between study groups: Mannose and betaine were elevated in the OA1 group compared with the OA2 group, and the 2-hydroxyisobutyrate concentration decreased with OA progression; in contrast, isoleucine was less concentrated in mild vs. moderate OA, and lactate increased in severe OA. This study identified different 1H-NMR metabolomic profiles of canine SF in patients with progressive degrees of spontaneous OA, suggesting 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis as a potential alternative method for monitoring OA progression. In addition, the results suggest the therapeutic potentials of the metabolomic pathways that involve mannose, betaine, 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, isoleucine, and lactate.
On the (relation between) efficiency and secret key rate of QKD
Authors: Bebrov Georgi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe processes of evaluation and comparison play a vital role in the development of a scientific field. In the field of quantum cryptography (especially quantum key distribution, QKD), the so-called secret key rate is used for characterizing the performance of a protocol (scheme). However the current definition of this quantity is incomplete. It does not consider the classical communication process taking place in a QKD protocol. There exists a quantity that involves all the procedures (resources) in a communication process: it is the efficiency (total efficiency). This paper reports a definition of this parameter. Also the relation between the total efficiency and key rate is found. By means of this relation, the total secret key rate of a QKD protocol is expressed. An application of the total key rate is demonstrated: the original twin-field QKD (TF-QKD) is evaluated in terms of this rate. The paper also shows a comparison between the total key rate and the standard key rate of a TF-QKD.
Enhancing reinforcement learning‐based ramp metering performance at freeway uncertain bottlenecks using curriculum learning
Authors: Zheng Si , Li Zhibin , Li Meng , Ke Zemian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMost current RM approaches are developed for fixed bottlenecks. However, the number and locations of bottlenecks are usually uncertain and even time‐varying due to some unexpected phenomena, such as severe accidents and temporal lane closures. Thus, the RM approach should be able to enhance traffic flow stability by effectively handling the time‐delay effect and fluctuations in traffic flow rate caused by uncertain bottlenecks. This study proposed a novel approach called deep reinforcement learning with curriculum learning (DRLCL) to improve ramp metering efficacy under uncertain bottleneck conditions. The curriculum learning method transfers an optimal control policy from a simple on‐ramp bottleneck case to more challenging bottleneck tasks, while DRLCL agents explore and learn from the tasks gradually. Four RM control tasks were developed in the modified cell transmission model, including typical on‐ramp bottleneck, fixed downstream bottleneck, random‐location bottleneck, and multiple bottlenecks. With curriculum learning, the entire training process was reduced by 45.1% to 64.5%, while maintaining a similar maximum reward level compared to DRL‐based RM control with full learning from scratch. Specifically, the results also demonstrated that the proposed DRLCL‐based RM outperformed the feedback‐based RM due to its stronger predictive ability, faster response, and higher action precision.
The GRAVITY young stellar object survey
Authors:   GRAVITY Collaboration, Bouarour Y.-I. , Garcia Lopez R. , Sanchez-Bermudez J. , Caratti o Garatti A. , Perraut K. , Aimar N. , Amorim A. , Berger J.-P. , Bourdarot G. , Brandner W. , Clénet Y. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Dougados C. , Drescher A. , Eckart A. , Eisenhauer F. , Flock M. , Garcia P. , Gendron E. , Genzel R. , Gillessen S. , Grant S. , Heißel G. , Henning Th. , Jocou L. , Kervella P. , Labadie L. , Lacour S. , Lapeyrère V. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Léna P. , Linz H. , Lutz D. , Mang F. , Nowacki H. , Ott T. , Paumard T. , Perrin G. , Pineda J. E. , Ribeiro D. C. , Sadun Bordoni M. , Shangguan J. , Shimizu T. , Soulain A. , Straubmeier C. , Sturm E. , Tacconi L. , Vincent F. 
Published: February 2024

Aims. We aim to investigate the origin of the HI Brγ emission in young stars by using GRAVITY to image the innermost region of circumstellar disks, where important physical processes such as accretion and winds occur. With high spectral and angular resolution, we focus on studying the continuum and the HI Brγ-emitting area of the Herbig star HD 58647.
Methods. Using VLTI-GRAVITY, we conducted observations of HD 58647 with both high spectral and high angular resolution. Thanks to the extensive uv coverage, we were able to obtain detailed images of the circumstellar environment at a sub-au scale, specifically capturing the continuum and the Brγ-emitting region. Through the analysis of velocity-dispersed images and photocentre shifts, we were able to investigate the kinematics of the HI Brγ-emitting region.
Results. The recovered continuum images show extended emission where the disk major axis is oriented along a position angle of 14°. The size of the continuum emission at 5-σ levels is ~1.5 times more extended than the sizes reported from geometrical fitting (3.69 mas ± 0.02 mas). This result supports the existence of dust particles close to the stellar surface, screened from the stellar radiation by an optically thick gaseous disk. Moreover, for the first time with GRAVITY, the hot gas component of HD 58647 traced by the Brγ has been imaged. This allowed us to constrain the size of the Brγ-emitting region and study the kinematics of the hot gas; we find its velocity field to be roughly consistent with gas that obeys Keplerian motion. The velocity-dispersed images show that the size of the hot gas emission is from a more compact region than the continuum (2.3 mas ± 0.2 mas). Finally, the line phases show that the emission is not entirely consistent with Keplerian rotation, hinting at a more complex structure in the hot gaseous disk.
Estudios socio-antropológicos para análisis del cambio y la transición sustentable en la producción y el consumo de vino
Authors: del Carmen Salas Quesada María 
Published: February 2024

Resumen
El cambio climático, la transición sustentable y el uso de nuevas tecnologías impactan no solo el futuro y el valor de la producción vitivinícola, sino de manera más general, la manera de producir, consumir y entender un producto como el vino. En ese sentido, uno de los desafíos de la industria vitivinícola a escala global reside en responder y adaptarse al cambio climático, y a las nuevas ideas, valores y demandas en torno al vino que emergen de las nuevas generaciones de consumidores y productores. Hacer frente a estos cambios supone incluso desaprender y cuestionar las tradiciones, los valores y las prácticas de las generaciones pasadas. Estos debates son parte del cambio social, ambiental y generacional en el que se desenvuelve la industria vitivinícola actual. La presente propuesta argumenta la importancia de los estudios socioantropológicos en la interpretación de dichas transformaciones. La socioantropología del vino sitúa la diversidad y la transparencia como aspectos claves para la transición sustentable y la adaptación al cambio. De esta forma, busca describir en profundidad lo que está cambiando con el objetivo de alcanzar una comprensión integral de las principales problemáticas en torno a la industria vitivinícola y así poder avanzar en sus desafíos.
Seeking access. Applied ethnopoetic analysis
Authors: McAllister Áine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses a poetic output of a research project at the intersection of linguistic ethnography (LE) and
poetic inquiry (PI) which explores the barriers experienced by refugee and asylum seekers, seeking access to Higher Education. The
research draws on Jan Blommaert’s applied ethnopoetics (AEP) work to reconstruct silenced voices (Blommaert, 2006). AEP as a ‘means of recognition’ of marginalised voices is explored. The paper goes on
to explore the transformative possibilities for knowledge production offered by combining AEP with PI. This innovative approach
and output are presented as act of resistance to normative expectations within academia which freeze conditions for voice (Blommaert, 2008). Questions are then offered to consider how we might advance the
approach and its emancipatory potential further.
Highly sensitive Borophene-metal-Si based multilayered Terahertz frequency spectrum based refractive index sensor
Authors: Almawgani Abdulkarem H M , Sorathiya Vishal , Soni Umang , Ali Yahya Ali Abdelrahman , Alzahrani Ahmad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We presented the numerical investigation of a multilayered borophne-metal-Si-based refractive index sensor for the wide range of the THz frequency. The proposed structure is worked for the frequency range of 1 to 15 THz. The structure is formed to identify reflectance variation, resonating frequency and other physical parameters over the broad frequency spectrum. The overall structure is simulated using FEM (Finite element method) computational techniques with a periodic boundary condition-based two-port model. The resonance effect of the structure is also investigated for the different shapes of the top metal resonator structure, which significantly influences the overall frequency shift. The proposed structure is investigated for the X and Y polarized input incident condition for the entire frequency band where the oblique angle incident stability is observed up to 80°. The proposed structure offers the maximum variation in sensitivity up to 3.5 THz/RIU (∼ 11600 nm/RIU) for X-polarized and 5.5 THz/RIU (∼10600 nm/RIU) for Y-polarized incident wave conditions. We have applied the artificial neural network algorithm (ANN) to predict the overall behaviour of the structure from the data points generated in the simulated results. We used the Relu optimizer to train the model, generating promising results for our collected data. The machine learning model gives RMSE = 0.049422, MAE = 0.018531, MSE = 0.00328 and R2 = 0.93768 for the testing data set. Similarly, the model generated the minimum RMSE values = 0.045955, MAE = 0.017392, MSE = 0.00295, and R2 = 0.97673 for the training data set for 2500 epochs. The proposed results in the manuscript give the future scope to design borophene a wide range of refractive index (RI) sensor designs used in biosensors, gas sensors and other environment sensors where the refractive index range is between 1 and 2.4.
Mn2+ doped SrSn(PO4)2 nanopowder for new novel LED material
Authors: Suresh Y V K , Libnah K Josephus Alex , Aswini Ch , Vasu G , Chandrasekhar A V , Ravikumar R V S S N 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the current work, SrSn(PO4)2 with Mn2+ doped nanopowder was prepared by solid state reaction method at temperature 950 K. Mechanically, the equipped nanopowder was characterized by structural, spectral, optical, and luminescence investigations. Crystallite size, phase of the sample was explained by powdered XRD analysis. SEM and HR-TEM analyses provided information about the average particle size of nanopowder, while EDS analysis confirmed elemental composition. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern confirmed the sample crystalline nature by means of rings corresponding to its XRD planes. FTIR study was explained by fundamental symmetric and asymmetric modes of vibrations. Optical absorption spectrum exhibited the typical Mn2+ bands in visible region. EPR studies revealed the distorted octahedral site symmetry for Mn2+. PL spectrum showed less intense emission region. The evaluated CIE co-ordinate values indicate color precipitation and CCT value is greater than 5000k which reveals that the present Mn2+:STP is useful for warm light LED applications.
High-efficiency light manipulation using a single layer of folded graphene microribbons
Authors: Xue Han , Wang Weihua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Since its one-atom thickness, it remains an open question to enhance light–matter interactions in graphene, which is usually implemented through external resonant structures such as Fabry–Perot cavity. Here, we propose an alternative scheme to enhance light–matter interactions in a single layer of folded graphene microribbons (FGMRs), and remarkably, for normal incidences rather than oblique incidences in most studies. By optimizing structural parameters (e.g., the location of folding axis and folding angle), three light manipulations such as perfect absorption, perfect reflection, and perfect transmission can be achieved independently. More interestingly, any one of the three functionalities can be actively switched to the other via changing material parameters (Fermi level and carrier mobility ), which is actually the most attractive feature of graphene plasmonics. Finally, we show FGMRs can also support triple functionalities, i.e., via changing material parameters, one of the three functionalities can be switched to the second one and then the third one. Our results will be of great interest to fundamental physics and pave the way for graphene plasmonic device applications.
Comparison of different optical techniques to measure skin vibrations
Authors: Gille M , Rixen D J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We test different possible setups to measure skin vibrations in the abdominal region which could, in the future, enable quick and comfortable monitoring of aortic aneurysms in the abdominal region. For this study, a simple mechanical model is used that simulates the human tissue and a large blood vessel, the aorta. The model consists of a plastic box filled with a gelatin as used for ballistic experiments. A rubber hose goes straight through the gel block and, with a pump that is connected to the hose, one can create a pulsatile flow of water through the flexible hose leading to traveling waves along the artificial vessel. Surface vibrations on the gelatin block are then measured using a Laser-Doppler vibrometer (LDV), a commercial 3D DIC system and a simple camera setup with only one camera and an additional mirror for 3D capabilities. While the LDV offers the best signal quality, it can only measure one point simultaneously. We discuss implications how this will influence the possible data analyses compared to more noisy, but full-field measurements provided by the camera-based systems.
Optimal follow-up schedule for patients taking PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies in a health system: Analysis of specialty pharmacy clinical interventions
Authors: Avlasevich Viktoriya , Pilat Stephanie , Reindel Kristin , Manou Katherine , Trawinski Allison , Rightmier, Elizabeth 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this study was to determine if and when it is clinically appropriate to consider a reduction in the frequency of health-system specialty pharmacy (HSSP) clinical pharmacist assessments for patients taking a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibody (mAb) after they are deemed clinically stable on therapy.

Methods
A single-center, retrospective, observational study of adult patients on PCSK9 mAb therapy enrolled in the University of Rochester Specialty Pharmacy Cardiology Patient Management Program was performed between October 24, 2016, and April 30, 2022. The primary outcome was the number of clinical pharmacist interventions per interval within the baseline 12 months compared to 12-month intervals for up to 72 months after initiation of PCSK9 mAb therapy.

Results
A total of 368 patients on PCSK9 mAb therapy were included in the study. A significantly lower percentage of patients had more than 2 interventions during the 12- to 24-month interval (24.3%) as compared to the baseline 12-month interval (80.2%) (P &lt; 0.001); this represented a 70% reduction in the chance of a patient requiring more than 2 interventions (relative risk, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.24-0.38). A similar trend was demonstrated in the 24- to 36-month and 36- to 48-month intervals when compared to the first year of therapy. The most commonly documented clinical pharmacist interventions were in the categories of safety (29.2%), effectiveness (28.4%), and adherence (19.9%).

Conclusion
Patients beyond 1 year of PCSK9 mAb therapy required less clinical pharmacist interventions. Therefore, stable patients receiving a PCSK9 mAb may be considered for less frequent clinical assessments to allow for HSSP growth to nontraditional clinical areas.
Subspecies inflation hampers conservation efforts: a case study on wall lizards
Authors: Berrilli Emanuele , Gambioli Benedetta , Bombi Pierluigi , Garzia Matteo , Muraro Martina , Pardo Claudio , Reale Marco , Sherpa Stéphanie , Ficetola Gentile Francesco , Vignoli Leonardo , Salvi Daniele 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The common practice of using subspecies as conservation targets raises the question of whether efforts are focused on preserving conspicuous components of the species’ phenotypic variability rather than evolutionarily significant units. To address this question, in this study we performed a comprehensive morphological and genetic assessment on all the subspecies of wall lizard described for the Aeolian Archipelago (Italy) to determine whether they represent distinct evolutionary lineages and/or discrete phenotypic partitions. Further, we applied a monophyly test to 70 subspecies belonging to seven wall lizard species occurring in Italy, based on our results and on previous phylogeographic studies. We found that none of the Aeolian subspecies represents a distinct evolutionary lineage, despite some morphological differentiation of island populations across the archipelago, suggesting a very recent origin of island populations and of the observed phenotype variation. Across seven wall lizard species, tests revealed that lizard subspecies rarely (&lt; 9% of cases) match evolutionary units. This study demonstrates that intraspecific taxonomy of wall lizards is a poor predictor of phylogeographic partitions and evolutionary units, and therefore of limited use (if not dangerous) for defining conservation and management units. A better approach would be relying on the integration of genomic and phenotypic data to assess the evolutionary significance and conservation value of phenotypic and genetic units within species.
Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections for the Treatment of Degenerative Orthopedic Conditions
Authors: Means Gary E , Muench Peter 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Platelet-rich plasma injections for the treatment of degenerative orthopedic conditions have good evidence for safety, pain relief, and functional improvement. The U.S. Military is providing platelet-rich plasma services for military services members and TRICARE beneficiaries. The use of this safe and effective treatment should be continued and expanded.
Association of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Treatment and COVID-19-Neutralizing Antibody Titers in a Longitudinal Health Care Worker Cohort
Authors: Decker Slade , Xiao Shaoming , Dillen Carly , Schumacher Christina M , Milstone Aaron M , Frieman Matthew , Debes Amanda K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV/r) is used for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, rebound COVID-19 infections can occur after taking NMV/r. We examined neutralizing antibodies to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein before and after infection in people who did and did not take NMV/r to determine if NMV/r impedes the humoral immune response.
Impact of Increasing PD-L1 Levels on Outcomes to PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibition in Patients With NSCLC: A Pooled Analysis of 11 Prospective Clinical Trials
Authors: Vallejo Jonathon , Singh Harpreet , Larkins Erin , Drezner Nicole , Ricciuti Biagio , Mishra-Kalyani Pallavi , Tang Shenghui , Beaver Julia A , Awad Mark M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is recognized as a key biomarker in the treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with anti-PD(L)1 inhibitors. Previous work has highlighted that outcomes in patients with NSCLC treated with anti-PD(L)1 inhibitors generally improve with increasing PD-L1 expression. The objectives of these analyses are to quantitate the effect of PD-L1 expression on outcomes, to characterize the potentially nonlinear relationship between PD-L1 expression and outcomes, and to assess potential differences in these relationships across subgroups.

Patients and Methods
We performed a retrospective, pooled analysis of 11 clinical trials submitted to the US FDA between 2015 and 2022 that included patients with advanced NSCLC treated with anti-programmed death 1 or anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy in the first-line (1L) or second-line (2L) treatment setting. The clinical outcomes explored were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR).

Results
The primary analysis population included 3806 patients with advanced NSCLC, of which 2040 were treated in 1L and 1766 in 2L. For patients with a PD-L1 score of 100% in the 1L setting, the hazard ratio versus a patient with 1% PD-L1 was 0.55 (95% CI, 0.43 to 0.70) for OS and 0.50 (95% CI, 0.41 to 0.61) for PFS. For patients with a PD-L1 score of 100% in the 2L setting, the hazard ratio versus a patient with 0% PD-L1 was 0.55 (95% CI, 0.43 to 0.71) for OS and 0.51 (95% CI, 0.41 to 0.63) for PFS. Subgroup analyses suggested that this relationship may vary by subgroup, particularly by region.

Conclusions
These analyses suggest PD-L1 expression has an appreciable impact on clinical outcomes for patients with NSCLC treated with ICI. As the impact of PD-L1 expression on outcomes may vary across regions, it is critical that future trials are multiregional and enroll a diverse patient population.
Inquiry in Action: A Problem-Oriented Account of Agency
Authors: Dyck Nathan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, I argue that it is not a necessary condition of intentional agency that agents act on intentions with antecedently clear content. That is, some actions proceed on the basis of intentions which do not initially provide necessary conditions for performing those actions, and instead involve discovering at least some of these conditions in the course of performing them. To do this, I develop an account of problem-oriented agency, according to which agents may act in relation to problems which at first resist adequate representation. This pushes us to recognize a dimension of open-ended inquiry in agency often neglected in rationalist accounts. Lastly, I argue that paradigmatically rational actions on determinate intentions which are not sensitive to potentially transformative feedback in the course of their execution can fall short of full agency in important ways.