bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Techniques and Social Functions of the Graphic Documentary Style: How Japanese Manga Depicts Health-Related Social Issues
Authors: Nakagaki Kotaro 
Published: January 2025

Graphic documentaries “visually narrate and represent aspects and events of the real world” (Mickwitz, 2014, p. 2). Two noted examples include Joe Sacco’s comics journalistic work, Palestine (2001) and Marjane Satrapi's autobiographical graphic memoir during and after the Islamic revolution, Persepolis (2000-03). The field of animated documentary, a moving image that combines animation and documentary, has also been growing in popularity in the digital age.
Recently, some Japanese medical manga works have been introducing “graphic documentary” techniques. Some of these works interweave fiction and actual experiences gathered through in-depth interviews with medical professionals or patients. Another example is work that devises a unique style of calling for anecdotes via social media to create manga stories. Using semi-documentary methods, skillful professional artists can address delicate topics in the medical field from various perspectives and under a range of themes.
This conference paper will analyze three categories of graphic documentaries from Japanese manga artists in the realm of graphic medicine (the intersection between the medium of comics and the discourse of healthcare (Czerwiec et al., 2015)). Additionally, the question of how manga media can effectively address medical themes will be reconsidered.
Removal of Medicaid Prior Authorization Requirements and Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Christine Paul J. , Larochelle Marc R. , Lin Lewei (Allison) , McBride Jonathon , Tipirneni Renuka 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceBuprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) is associated with decreased morbidity and mortality. Despite its effectiveness, buprenorphine uptake has been limited relative to the burden of OUD. Prior authorization (PA) policies may present a barrier to treatment, though research is limited, particularly in Medicaid populations.ObjectiveTo assess whether removal of Medicaid PAs for buprenorphine to treat OUD is associated with changes in buprenorphine prescriptions for Medicaid enrollees.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis state-level, serial cross-sectional study used quarterly data from 2015 through the first quarter (January-March) of 2019 to compare buprenorphine prescriptions in states that did and did not remove Medicaid PAs. Analyses were conducted between June 10, 2021, and August 15, 2023. The study included 23 states with active Medicaid PAs for buprenorphine in 2015 that required similar PA policies in fee-for-service and managed care plans and had at least 2 quarters of pre- and postperiod buprenorphine prescribing data.ExposuresRemoval of Medicaid PA for at least 1 formulation of buprenorphine for OUD.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was number of quarterly buprenorphine prescriptions per 1000 Medicaid enrollees.ResultsBetween 2015 and the first quarter of 2019, 6 states in the sample removed Medicaid PAs for at least 1 formulation of buprenorphine and had at least 2 quarters of pre- and postpolicy change data. Seventeen states maintained buprenorphine PAs throughout the study period. At baseline, relative to states that repealed PAs, states that maintained PAs had lower buprenorphine prescribing per 1000 Medicaid enrollees (median, 6.6 [IQR, 2.6-13.9] vs 24.1 [IQR, 8.7-27.5] prescriptions) and lower Medicaid managed care penetration (median, 38.5% [IQR, 0.0%-74.1%] vs 79.5% [IQR, 78.1%-83.5%] of enrollees) but similar opioid overdose rates and X-waivered buprenorphine clinicians per 100 000 population. In fully adjusted difference-in-differences models, removal of Medicaid PAs for buprenorphine was not associated with buprenorphine prescribing (1.4% decrease; 95% CI, −31.2% to 41.4%). For states with below-median baseline buprenorphine prescribing, PA removal was associated with increased buprenorphine prescriptions per 1000 Medicaid enrollees (40.1%; 95% CI, 0.6% to 95.1%), while states with above-median prescribing showed no change (−20.7%; 95% CI, −41.0% to 6.6%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this serial cross-sectional study of Medicaid PA policies for buprenorphine for OUD, removal of PAs was not associated with overall changes in buprenorphine prescribing among Medicaid enrollees. Given the ongoing burden of opioid overdoses, continued multipronged efforts are needed to remove barriers to buprenorphine care and increase availability of this lifesaving treatment.
Specialty Palliative Care and Symptom Severity and Control in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer
Authors: Gupta Sumit , Li Qing , Kassam Alisha , Rapoport Adam , Widger Kimberley , Chalifour Karine , Baxter Nancy N. , Nathan Paul C. , Coburn Natalie G. , Sutradhar Rinku 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer experience substantial symptom burden. Specialty palliative care (SPC) is recommended but often not involved or involved late.ObjectivesTo determine whether patient-reported symptom severity was associated with subsequent SPC involvement and whether SPC was associated with symptom improvement in AYAs with cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study comprised AYAs (aged 15-29 years) with primary cancer diagnosed between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2018, in Ontario, Canada. Data, including self-reported Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) scores, were obtained from health care databases. Specialty palliative care was identified through billing codes and validated algorithms. Final data analysis was performed on April 4, 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAssociations of ESAS scores with subsequent SPC involvement were determined. A difference-in-differences approach was used for patients who died within 5 years of their cancer diagnosis. Case patients (SPC predeath, index date equals first SPC service) were matched 1:1 to control patients (no SPC at equivalent time before death). The study examined whether the difference between 90-day postindex and preindex mean ESAS scores was itself different between case and control patients.ResultsThis study included 5435 AYAs with cancer, with a median follow-up of 5.1 (IQR, 2.5-7.9) years for analyses of general palliative care. Their median age at cancer diagnosis was 25 (IQR, 22-27) years, and more than half were male (2809 [51.7%]). For all symptoms, moderate and severe ESAS scores were associated with an increased likelihood of SPC involvement compared with mild scores. The greatest magnitude of association was seen for pain scores (hazard ratio for severe vs mild, 7.7 [95% CI, 5.8-10.2]; P &amp;lt; .001). A total of 721 AYAs (13.3%) died within 5 years of diagnosis, and 612 of these patients (84.9%) had received SPC before death. Among 202 case-control pairs, SPC involvement was associated with improved pain trajectories (mean scores improved from 3.41 to 3.07 in case patients and worsened from 1.86 to 2.16 in control patients; P = .003). Other symptom trajectories were not affected.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of AYAs with cancer, those reporting moderate or severe symptoms through a screening program were more likely to subsequently receive SPC. These findings suggest that SPC was associated with a subsequent decrease in pain severity but did not affect other symptoms. New interventions targeting other symptoms during treatment and particularly at the end of life are needed.
Flavobacterium covae is the predominant species of columnaris-causing bacteria impacting the Channel Catfish industry in the southeastern United States
Authors: LaFrentz Benjamin R. , Khoo Lester H. , Lawrence Mark L. , Petrie-Hanson Lora , Hanson Larry A. , Baumgartner Wes A. , Hemstreet William G. , Kelly Anita M. , García Julio C. , Shelley John P. , Johnston Amber E. , Bruce Timothy J. , Griffin Matt J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Columnaris disease is a leading cause of disease-related losses in the catfish industry of the southeastern United States. The term “columnaris-causing bacteria” (CCB) has been coined in reference to the four described species that cause columnaris disease: Flavobacterium columnare, F. covae, F. davisii, and F. oreochromis. Historically, F. columnare, F. covae, and F. davisii have been isolated from columnaris disease cases in the catfish industry; however, there is a lack of knowledge of which CCB species are most prevalent in farm-raised catfish. The current research objectives were to (1) sample columnaris disease cases from the U.S. catfish industry and identify the species of CCB involved and (2) determine the virulence of the four CCB species in Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus in controlled laboratory challenges.

Methods
Bacterial isolates or swabs of external lesions from catfish were collected from 259 columnaris disease cases in Mississippi and Alabama during 2015–2019. The DNA extracted from the samples was analyzed using a CCB-specific multiplex polymerase chain reaction to identify the CCB present in each diagnostic case. Channel Catfish were challenged by immersion with isolates belonging to each CCB species to determine virulence at ~28°C and 20°C.

Result
Flavobacterium covae was identified as the predominant CCB species impacting the U.S. catfish industry, as it was present in 94.2% (n = 244) of diagnostic case submissions. Challenge experiments demonstrated that F. covae and F. oreochromis were highly virulent to Channel Catfish, with most isolates resulting in near 100% mortality. In contrast, F. columnare and F. davisii were less virulent, with most isolates resulting in less than 40% mortality.

Conclusion
Collectively, these results demonstrate that F. covae is the predominant CCB in the U.S. catfish industry, and research aimed at developing new control and prevention strategies should target this bacterial species. The methods described herein can be used to continue monitoring the prevalence of CCB in the catfish industry and can be easily applied to other industries to identify which Flavobacterium species have the greatest impact.
Transient analysis of multitask learning over adaptive networks with wireless links
Authors: Hajiabadi Mojtaba 
Published: October 2023

SummaryDistributed multitask learning over adaptive networks with non‐ideal links is studied in this paper. The performance of an adaptive multitask network with wireless communication links suffering from flat fading and additive white Gaussian noise is derived through simulation and theoretical analysis. The effect of the wireless link on the learning performance of a multitask network is analyzed. It is shown that this destroying effect is reduced by using local equalizers at each agent along with the intelligent cooperation policy based on the correntropy criterion. Stability condition, steady‐state and transient performances are studied theoretically. Finally, the theoretical results are validated by numerical simulations and computer experiments.
Next Generation Noble Metal‐Engineered Catalysts: From Structure Evolution to Structure‐Reactivity Correlation in Water Splitting
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Yan Rui , Xu Xiaohui , He Chao , Zhou Mi , Zeng Zhiyuan , Ma Tian , Wang Mao , Li Shuang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNoble metal‐engineered catalysts (NMECs) play an important role in promoting the practical utilization of water‐splitting devices in hydrogen energy systems. While owing to the complicated catalytic centers, diverse support structures, and changing microenvironments, NMECs still face many challenges when it comes to designing and analyzing the precise catalytic sites and activity‐mechanism analyses, which are crucial for their future developments. Here, this cutting‐edge review systematically discusses recent advancements in designing NMECs for water electrolysis, including the structure evolution, microenvironment modulation, structure‐reactivity correlation, and new horizons. First, the fundamental advantages, mechanisms, and evaluation methods of NMECs for water splitting are outlined. Then, the strategies to modulate the catalytic microenvironments of NMECs are thoroughly summarized, such as crystal phase modulation, alloying effects, crystallization degrees, size effects, and substrate effects. In particular, there are valuable perspectives on bond interactions, theoretical calculations, and evaluation methods to disclose the catalytic mechanisms. Thereafter, a special emphasis is given on structure‐reactivity correlation, performances, and water‐splitting devices. Finally, a thorough discussion of the upcoming difficulties and new directions for developing next‐generation NMECs is presented. It is believed that the review will have a significant influence on creating noble metal‐based catalysts in the field of electrolytic water‐splitting.
Reprogrammable 4D Printed Liquid Crystal Elastomer Photoactuators by Means of Light‐Reversible Perylene Diimide Radicals
Authors: Montesino Lorena , Martínez Jesús I. , Sánchez‐Somolinos Carlos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReconfigurable soft actuators can be programmed to morph into different 3D shapes under the same stimulus exhibiting great potential for adaptive robotic functionalities. Liquid crystalline crosslinked materials programmed and controlled by light have demonstrated great potential in this area, however, their implementation is mainly based on azobenzene chromophores, using ultraviolet light that can potentially damage the device and its surroundings, especially if living cells are present. Here, an ink is presented, containing a green‐absorbing perylene diimide chromophore, to prepare light active liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE) actuators via direct ink writing. Green light irradiation of the LCE elements leads to photothermal actuation, but also to new absorption bands in the far‐red and near‐infrared, ascribed to the formation of radical species. Far‐red irradiation results in mechanical actuation and, advantageously, a recovery of the original absorption spectrum. This reversible transformation enables spatial reconfigurability of the actuator's response to far‐red light. The reconfigurable system gives access to complex deformation modes by simply exciting the element with homogeneous far‐red light, without the need for any structural modification of the actuator. This material strategy, using green and far‐red light, less harmful than ultraviolet, shows significant promise for future development of reconfigurable actuators for biomedical applications.
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Self‐Assembly of Luminescent Pyromellitic Dianhydride‐Based Charge‐Transfer Complexes
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Feng Zuofang , Zhang Hongli , Zhang Yu , Zou Gang , Zhang Chuang , Lei Yilong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing easily hydrolyzable brominated pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) as an electron acceptor, a wide variety of structurally stable binary organic charge‐transfer (CT) microcrystals that are stabilized by dominant intermolecular CT interactions is achieved. By varying the electron‐donating abilities of π‐electron compounds, the resulting single crystalline CT assemblies display tailorable fluorescence emissions spanning from green to near‐infrared. Upon implantation of a π‐electron donor anthracene (An) into fluoranthene‐PMDA (Fl‐PMDA), red and NIR emissions of ternary alloyed assemblies are substantially enhanced due to efficient energy transfer from Fl‐PMDA to An‐PMDA as well as structural complementarity between two CT complexes. Depending on the well‐matched epitaxial relationship, seeded growth of phenanthrene‐PMDA (Ph‐PMDA) onto the pre‐existing An‐PMDA microcrystals is also achieved, leading to core‐shell heterostructures with full and partial coverage. Such an epitaxial growth strategy is also applicable to the construction of microscale heterostructures of diverse CT complex combinations. The ternary Fl1−xAnx‐PMDA alloyed assemblies display composition‐dependent tailorable optical waveguiding behaviors. While An‐PMDA@Ph‐PMDA core‐shell microrods present wavelength‐dependent two‐photon excited fluorescence performances. The rational creation of these homogeneous and heterogeneous CT‐assembled architectures provides us a deep insight to investigate multicomponent functional organic cocrystals.
Understanding and Effective Tuning of Red‐to‐Green Upconversion Emission in Ho‐Based Halide Double Perovskite Microcrystals
Authors: Rao Zhihui , Cao Mengyan , Chen Zehui , Zhao Xiujian , Gong Xiao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHo‐based lead‐free double perovskite microcrystals (MCs), Cs2NaHo1‐xYbxCl6, are synthesized and demonstrated to be promising optical temperature sensing materials by understanding the concentration‐dependent upconversion (UC) luminescence mechanisms. By optimizing the dopant concentration, a dominant emission shifting from red to green is successfully achieved in an activator‐rich system. During this process, the red to green emission intensity ratio (R/G) can be changed from 12.5 (pure red light) to 0.14 (pure green light). It is clarified that the cross‐relaxation (CR) process between activator and the energy transfer process between Yb3+ and Ho3+ are the key mechanisms of UC luminescence intensity and R/G ratio variation. Moreover, the intensity of red and green UC emission shows strong dependence on temperature, resulting from the competition between CR and energy transfer in the emission levels. The high‐sensitivity Ho‐based thermometer can be obtained by Cs2NaHo0.99Yb0.01Cl6 MCs with bright red UC luminescence, whose fluorescence intensity ratio thermometer gains maximum relative sensitivities reaching 0.68% K−1 at 400 K. The multicolor UC luminescence quantitative modeling mentioned here is crucial for understanding the concentration‐dependence UC luminescence characteristics and to optimize the design of the Ho‐based thermometer. This study can be an extension of the application range for perovskite UC materials.
An Ultraswelling Microneedle Device for Facile and Efficient Drug Loading and Transdermal Delivery
Authors: Li Zhiming , Zhao Puxuan , Ling Zhixin , Zheng Yanting , Qu Fengli , Chang Hao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe advancement and extensive demand for transdermal therapies can benefit from a safe, and efficient and user‐friendly transdermal technology with broad applicability in delivering various hydrophilic drugs. Here the design and proof of concept applications of an ultraswelling microneedle device that enables the facile and efficient loading and transdermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs with different molecular weights is reported. The device consists of a super‐hydrophilic hydrogel microneedle array and a resin base substrate. Using a special micromolding technique that involves hydrated crosslinking and cryogenic‐demolding, the microneedle part displays a rapid swelling ratio of ≈3800%, enabling the loading of drugs up to 500 kDa in molecular weight. The drug loading process using the device just involves incubating the microneedle part in a drug solution for 1 min, followed by 15 min of drying. The microneedles can easily penetrate the skin under press and detach from the base substrate under shear, thereby releasing the payload. Administration of desired therapeutic agents using the device outperformed conventional administration methods in mitigating psoriasis and eliciting immunity. This biocompatible device, capable of withstanding ethylene oxide sterilization, can enhance the efficacy and accessibility of transdermal therapies in research institutes, hospitals, and even home settings
Rational Design of Dual‐Mode Emitting Carbon Dots to Exploit the Synergistic Effect of Matrices for High‐Efficiency WLEDs and Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Li Jiurong , Zhao Xiujian , Gong Xiao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLong‐lived room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have been widely applied in various fields. However, achieving high‐performance carbon dots (CDs) RTP remains a great challenge. Here, a facile synthetic strategy is rationally designed for the synthesis of high‐performance dual‐mode emitting CDs by constructing rigid structures through the synergistic effect of the matrices. The obtained CD RTP powder possesses an ultrahigh photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 70.7%, a phosphorescence lifetime of about 0.45 s, and an afterglow that lasts for 15 s to the naked eyes. Most importantly, the prepared CD RTP powder can be utilized as a commercial phosphor powder for the fabrication of a high‐performance white lighting‐emitting diode (WLED) with a CIE coordinate of (0.39, 0.39), a high color rendering index of 93.6, and a color temperature of 3805 K for warm WLED. Especially the luminous efficiency of the fabricated WLED can reach up to 66.89 lm W−1, which is much higher than the values reported for most CDs‐based WLED devices. Additionally, CD RTP can be applied to advanced invisible inks for information encryption due to its excellent water solubility and can also be exploited for advanced information anti‐counterfeiting by utilizing phosphorescent properties.
Insights into the Anode‐Initiated and Grain Boundary‐Initiated Mechanisms for Dendrite Formation in All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Gu Zhengcheng , Song Dongxing , Luo Shuting , Liu Hexin , Sun Ximei , Zhu Lingyun , Ma Weigang , Zhang Xing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe formation of lithium dendrites severely hinders the practical application of all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). The conventional view is that dendrites initiate at the anode and then grow into solid electrolytes (SEs), while a recent popular opinion holds that Li+ ions can directly be reduced at grain boundaries (GBs) within electrolytes, and these internal dendrites then interconnect resulting in the short‐circuit failure. However, whether the internal GBs or the anode interface dominates the dendrite initiation is still under debate. Herein, first‐principles calculations on the representative system, Li6PS5Cl (LPSC), are performed to investigate these two dendrite initiation mechanisms. The results show that the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) blocks the electron leakage, making the internal Li+ ions less likely to deposit. Combining ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations with theoretical models, the critical current density (CCD) for dendrite formation at the anode interface is predicted to be much lower than at the GBs, indicating dendrites are easier to initiate at the anode. This study reveals that the dendrite formation is governed by the anode‐initiated mechanism instead of the GB‐initiated one. These findings suggest that the anode interface should be a primary concern for designing dendrite‐free batteries rather than the GBs.