bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Martyrdom
Authors: Grillo Jennie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Although none of the heroes dies in the book of Daniel, in their reception their stories are reinterpreted as martyrdoms, and they generate even more martyrs according to Hippolytus. This interpretive process follows a trajectory established within the growth of the book of Daniel itself, beginning with the Additions. This chapter examines six tropes of the later discourse of martyrdom which find roots within the Additions to Daniel (prayer, sacrifice, confession, changing elements, presence, affect), before concluding with the suggestion that martyrological readings may serve to locate the Additions to Daniel within their own early Jewish context of origin. The martyrological motifs of the Additions in many cases match those in 2 Macc. 6–7: the Additions to Daniel thus belong to the distinctively Jewish early adumbrations of martyrdom, and later martyrological construals of the tales work with the grain of the expanding Daniel tradition itself.
Political Economy Puzzles
Authors: Hickey Sam , Sen Kunal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses two critical puzzles. Why do some countries achieve higher and more consistent rates of economic growth than others? And why do some countries avoid the so-called resource curse? Our work on economic growth focuses on ten countries and reveals that the political drivers of economic take-off are different from the political drivers that underpin sustained economic growth and structural transformation. In developing countries, the ‘deals’ that are made between political and business elites are often more important than any formal rules. A commitment to the ‘ordered deals’ required for take-off is more likely in dominant political settlements, where a strong political leadership allows for the likelihood of deals, once negotiated, to be honoured (ordered deals) and for credible commitment by elites to economic growth. However, sustaining growth requires that deals become open to a wider range of actors, beyond those with political connections, and this is more likely to occur in more competitive settlements. The chapter finds that political settlements also shape how countries choose to govern their natural resources. Our comparison of two new producers in Africa, Ghana and Uganda, shows that the underlying configuration of power, combined with ideological beliefs, guides whether elites invest in developing the bureaucratic capacity required to negotiate good deals with international oil companies.
Intimate Image Abuse
Authors: Citron Danielle Keats 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A crucial first step in addressing intimate-image abuse is its proper conceptualization. Intimate-image abuse amounts to a violation of intimate privacy. This conceptualization allows us to better understand the significance of intimate privacy for individuals, groups, and society. Everyone deserves intimate privacy to create a life of meaning, respect, and love. Violations of intimate privacy undermine human flourishing, democratic engagement, and equal opportunity. The concept of intimate privacy exposes the breadth of the wrongs, the extent of the harm, and the varied actors involved surveilling and exploiting intimate life.
The Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights on Violence against Women and the Intimate Image Abuse
Authors: Elósegui María 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the recent jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) on cyberviolence, specifically the cases of Volodina v Russia and Volodina v Russia (No 2). The latter case relates to the phenomena of the dissemination of non-consensual intimate photographs on social networks by an intimate partner or ex-partner either as revenge for an ended relationship, or in an attempt to maintain the dominance of men over women. The ECtHR has categorized the acts of cyberviolence and cyberharassment as forms of violence against women, also using the terms cyberstalking or cybersurveillance. The Volodina cases encompass the different possible forms of cyberviolence against women and girls. The chapter also analyses some of the provisions of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (the ‘Istanbul Convention’), as well as General Recommendation No 1 of GREVIO on the digital dimension of violence against women, and the difficulties in legislating against and prosecuting these crimes.
The Criminalization of Non-consensual Pornography in the United States
Authors: Franks Mary Anne 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The legal, technological, and social landscape of non-consensual pornography in the United States has changed dramatically over the last decade. The number of US states criminalizing the abuse has increased from three to forty-eight; major social media and internet companies have banned non-consensual pornography from their platforms and services; and non-consensual pornography, now also commonly referred to as ‘non-consensual intimate imagery’ or ‘image-based sexual abuse’, is widely recognized as a form of abuse. This transformation is largely attributable to the efforts of courageous victims of this abuse and the civil society advocacy organizations that support them, in particular Dr Holly Jacobs and the organization she founded in 2013, the Cyber Civil Rights Initiative (CCRI). But challenges remain. Because no federal law prohibiting this abuse has been enacted, and the definition and classification of non-consensual pornography varies by jurisdiction, victims are left with an inconsistent and ineffective legal patchwork for this devastating and frequently multi-jurisdictional crime.
Criminalization of Intimate Image Abuse in Japan
Authors: Okada Yoshifumi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In Japan, revenge pornography had traditionally been dealt with based on the Penal Code and local governments’ nuisance prevention ordinances. However, there was a growing movement to seek new legislation, claiming that the existing law was insufficient to address the new phenomenon. In 2014 a new Act regulating so-called ‘revenge pornography’ was introduced. However, debate continues on whether voyeurism should be included in the Penal Code. This chapter summarizes the criminal legal response to ‘intimate image abuse’ in Japan. In addition to introducing the contents of the new Act, some of its problems are considered.
Victims of Intimate Image Abuse and Other Crimes
Authors: Vitiello Michael 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A young woman sends her boyfriend an erotic picture or sexual message. The message gets spread on social media, leading to the woman’s humiliation. An occasional judge suggests that the victim’s conduct is relevant when the boyfriend is subject to criminal prosecution. This often results in accusations that the judge is ‘victim-blaming’, with the clear implication that the judge is benighted. This chapter argues that the criminal law often makes a crime victim’s conduct legally relevant. For example, the law makes a victim’s conduct relevant to a defence of self-defence or of provocation. Further, victim conduct is often relevant to assessing an offender’s mens rea. Beyond describing the law, this chapter argues that the law has it right in those cases as offender culpability is the benchmark for criminal liability.
Image-based Abuse in Intimate Partnerships in Canada
Authors: Aikenhead Moira 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the phenomenon of image-based abuse within intimate partnerships through an examination of three representative Canadian criminal decisions. The chapter highlights the broader social trends and motivations underpinning this emerging and harmful form of intimate partner violence. Through a feminist analysis of applicable Canadian criminal legislation and three selected judicial decisions, strengths and weaknesses in the Canadian criminal justice approach to intimate partner image-based abuse are identified, including emerging evidentiary concerns, legislative gaps, and concerns arising from the ‘double-edged’ nature of harmful images as proof of criminal conduct and a source of significant harm. Paths towards an improved criminal justice response, reflective of survivors’ needs are recommended.
The Material History of Waste Paper
Authors: Reynolds Anna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 1 overviews the material history of waste paper in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England and explores why the term ‘waste’ came, at this moment, to be applied to repurposed pages. It examines the multiple etymological valences of wasting and the metaphorical kinship of repurposed pages and wastelands, with both understood as being ripe for repopulation and use. The distinction between this early modern and our own modern-day understanding of waste is considered, before the chapter turns to the material production of waste paper. The origins of these objects in old and unwanted books, printers’ waste, and unsold books, and their use in printing houses, bookbindings, and a variety of shops and households, are outlined. The chapter concludes with a summary of the shift in waste paper use that occurred towards the end of the seventeenth century, when waste disappeared from view in bookbindings and shifted to the margins of book culture. No longer pervasive in every sort of environment, later waste paper was limited to either socio-economic depths (as wrappers and trash) or socio-economic heights (as valuable antiquarian fragments).
Pepper and Mackerel
Authors: Reynolds Anna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2 traces the emergence of the waste paper trope in classical Roman poetry and its revival and transformation in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England. It analyses the representation of repurposed papyrus texts in the works of Catullus, Horace, Persius, and Statius, and focuses in particular on Martial’s diverse use of the trope in his negotiation of Roman literary culture. It then moves to sixteenth-century England and the decades in which an unprecedented profusion of waste paper and parchment coincided with the circulation of classical poetry—and so the waste paper trope—as a consequence of the work of Humanist scholars. The chapter examines early modern authors’ use of the waste paper trope to negotiate pamphlet controversies, systems of patronage, and rhetorical conventions in the print marketplace. Finally, through an analysis of two poems by John Donne it explores the anti-Horatian sentiment that underpins the majority of waste paper commonplaces, demonstrating how the trope served as a vehicle for articulating what early moderns understood as the eschatological progression of both books and bodies through time.
Pickled Paper
Authors: Reynolds Anna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 examines Thomas Nashe’s transformation of typical waste paper commonplaces into an extensive poetics of waste—a morally virtuous and materially prodigal mode of being, based on the kinetics of dispersing and repurposing books that permeates the writer’s works. It situates Nashe’s fixation with waste paper in the literary, religious, and economic contexts of the late sixteenth century, describing how he encountered concerns regarding the wasting of time, skill, and writing materials in the Martin Marprelate controversy and in his quarrel with Gabriel Harvey. In the preface to The Vnfortunate Traueller, Nashe transformed this discourse into a celebration of the unexpected value of waste and its capacity to support prodigal living. This representation of rapidly and productively consumed textual waste is also present in Christs Teares Ouer Ierusalem, with the book portrayed in the preface as medicinal valuable mummy wrapped in waste paper. Finally, the chapter turns to the representation of textual wasting and dispersal in Nashe’s attacks on Gabriel Harvey. In them, we find another version of Nashe’s poetics of waste—of the need for rapid and timely textual consumption, and the parody of fantasies of preservation and endurance through print.
Four Decades of Neoliberalism and Australian Public Universities
Authors: Martin-Sardesai Ann , Parker Lee , Guthrie James 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter assesses four decades of neoliberalism and NPM and the associated influence of accounting, auditing, and accountability in Australian public universities. Identifying significant changes in post-1980s higher education policies reveals the growing intrusion of accounting-based performance measurement, control, and audit into university operations, and their involvement in the Covid-19-induced Australian higher education financial and social crisis. Public universities are seen to be pursuing predominantly commercial agendas exposed to significant financial and social risks. While being subject to tightening government control, university managements maintain a focus on external market position and ranking and impose an audit and surveillance culture on their staff who work under increasing pressure and deteriorating workplace conditions. The NPM inspired university business model, while demonstrably broken, is revealed as persisting in commercialised Australian universities’ strategic agendas.
From Voluntary Association to Professionalized Voluntary Organization
Authors: Bolleyer Nicole 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 shows that in all three case studies—National Activity Providers Association (NAPA), a service provider; Surfers Against Sewage (SAS), an interest group; and the Green Party of England and Wales (GPEW)—professionalization and bureaucratization were conducive to diversifying member involvement. At the same time, leading managers initiated or actively supported bureaucratization reforms to enhance the effectiveness of CSO decision-making, which reduced member control. Whereas such attempts have been and still are contested by active members in the GPEW (sometimes successfully, sometimes not), in both groups (SAS and NAPA), member control was formally abolished after members had ceased to use their decision-making rights proactively. Similarly, in SAS and NAPA, bureaucratization reforms also created spaces for staff control, while in GPEW—due to its strongly held notions of democratic governance—these spaces emerged informally.
Off-Stage Groups in Athenian Drama
Authors: Hardwick Alexandra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This book discusses off-stage assemblies, populations, armies, and other groups in fifth-century Athenian drama, which often depicts these groups as holding considerable power over events and characters on stage. Off-stage groups can only be depicted through on-stage characters’ viewpoints, and refracted through these characters’ perspectives and allegiances; this allows plays to depict groups from multiple different viewpoints, portraying their activity and decision-making in highly nuanced fashion and confronting the audience with the inherent difficulty of interpreting them. This book sets these off-stage groups in comparison with the groups depicted in fifth- and fourth-century Athenian prose texts: the fictive and mythical worlds imagined in drama explore collective activity in radical, unusual ways. Consequently, plays often undercut and complicate the stereotypes used to portray groups in prose texts.
Introduction
Authors: Whittaker D. Hugh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Japan is attempting to build a new economy, by 2030—or alternatively the 2030s. A flurry of initiatives—Society 5.0, digital transformation, green transformation, ‘sustainable capitalism’, ‘new form of capitalism’, rebuilding the middle class’—represent this attempt, but how significant are they? Despite strong headwinds such as demographic decline and ageing, Japan’s external energy dependence and geopolitical turbulence, is there any chance of them creating a new ‘model’ to replace the manufacturing-centred postwar model which began to fray in the 1980s and was dismantled in the 1990s and 2000s? The Introduction raises such questions, and introduces a conceptual framework to address them, consisting of (a) state–market and organization–technology dyads in a geopolitical context, all of which are at significant points of inflection; and (b) institutional analysis, especially institutional coherence, both at the macro and micro levels. The structure of the book and individual chapters are then introduced.
Building and Governing the Digital Economy
Authors: Whittaker D. Hugh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2 takes up digital transformation (DX) at a macro-level, focusing on different modes of intervention by the government to effect change. First it considers a METI report visualizing a digital cliff threat, looming large by 2025, and placing the onus on senior managers to take responsibility for DX, with guidelines, indicators, and a Digital Governance Code. It then turns to governmental DX and the creation of the Digital Agency, in what its first director described as Japan’s last chance to reverse ‘digital defeat’. Third, it looks at increasingly urgent and systematic attempts to embed cybersecurity in government, business and society. Industrial and innovation policy has clearly been rehabilitated; the fourth section considers the Strategic Innovation Programme and Connected Industries. Finally, the chapter introduces an attempt to figure out governance in Society 5.0, to ensure that ultimate values like happiness and liberty are enhanced rather than threatened.
Beyond Capitalism
Authors: Whittaker D. Hugh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
It is often said that capitalism needs non-capitalist ethics and institutions for its survival. Japan has a historical reluctance to separate morals and economy, which may account for the limited impact of neoliberalism. Chapter 8 explores this from three perspectives. First it considers Japan’s ‘social and solidarity economy’ (SSE), including the role of cooperatives, as well as labour organizations. Second, it turns to NPOs, taking up two specific cases, as well as networks formed in the wake of Japan’s triple disaster, some of them focused on digital transformation. Finally, returning to capitalism, it looks at corporations as social enterprise, as well as alternative visions of capitalism within Japan. The chapter highlights Japan’s ‘horizontal’ economy or SSE, which is typically overlooked in both top-down developmental state and mainstream economic writing.
Recessions and Retirement
Authors: Coile Courtney , Zhang Haiyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the US labor market, leading to an unprecedented loss of 22 million jobs in March and April 2020. Evidence from past recessions indicates that economic downturns are typically associated with an increase in retirements. This study revisits the relationship between recessions and retirement during the pandemic, using data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) supplemented by other data on economic and COVID conditions. We document that higher unemployment is associated with an increase in the probability of transitioning from employment to being out of the labor force during the pre-pandemic period, consistent with previous studies. Surprisingly, retirement transitions during the pandemic were insensitive to local labor market conditions. Our finding that the probability of retirement increased during the pandemic, but that retirements are largely unrelated to local economic or COVID conditions, points to a potential role for common national factors such as generalized health concerns, government policies, and stock market gains.
Saving and Wealth Accumulation among Student Loan Borrowers
Authors: Dettling Lisa J. , Goodman Sarena F. , Reber Sarah J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Borrowing for education has increased rapidly in the past several decades, such that the majority of non-housing debt on US households’ balance sheets is now student loan debt. This chapter analyzes the implications of student loan borrowing for later-life economic wellbeing, with a focus on retirement preparation. It demonstrates that families holding student loan debt later in life have less savings than their similarly educated peers without such debt. However, these comparisons are misleading if the goal is to characterize the experience of the typical student borrower, as they fail to account for student borrowers who already paid off their debt. Strategies are developed to locate families that ever financed their education with student loans in two large datasets which enables us to draw more meaningful comparisons. The chapter finds that student loan borrowers roughly follow the earnings, saving, and wealth trajectories of other college-educated families into late-career ages and are much better off financially than those that did not attend college.
Retirement Security and Health Costs
Authors: Follette Glenn , Sheiner Louise 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Health care spending in the US has risen faster than incomes for decades, but the pace slowed materially after the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Using data from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, we examine what has happened to out-of-pocket health care spending by different income groups of the elderly over time, and how this has affected resources available for other consumption. We find that the slower pace of health care spending from the ACA was particularly beneficial to the elderly, who devote a greater share of income to health care costs do than the non-elderly. We then examine how out-of-pocket spending on health care by the elderly will change going forward, given current projections for health care spending to accelerate again, and we show that resources available for other spending may fall appreciably for lower income groups.
Domestic Virtues
Authors: Barnden Sally 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the Victorian applications of Shakespeare as a model for female royal identities in the context of the dramatist’s nineteenth-century reinvention as a guardian of family values. I contextualize amateur artwork and tableaux vivants created by the royal family in relation to Victorian educational Shakespeare. Shakespearean images created by the royal family enshrine values that were particularly important to them, especially filial obedience and dynastic marriage. I argue that the Victorians’ domestic engagement with Shakespeare’s plays helped to obscure the tension between companionate and dynastic models of royal family. The chapter also draws attention to the use of Shakespeare to cultivate international relationships among an extended royal family, and proposes that a connection can be perceived between the royal family’s espousal of domestic Shakespeare and their participation in the early stages of Shakespeare’s deployment for cultural imperialism.
Théâtromanie and Reading
Authors: Wynn Thomas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter proposes that reading plays was an integral part of the théâtromanie (or craze for theatre) that was characteristic of eighteenth-century France. It draws on publishing data and personal testimonies to show that readers’ experiences of drama cannot be confined to the quiet margins of the broader dramatic culture of Enlightenment France. To read a play is not necessarily to spurn the playhouse; reading, viewing, and listening overlap in important ways. Challenging the critical consensus of readers as isolated and studious individuals, this section foregrounds the social and emotional aspects of encountering plays in print and manuscript, and it proposes a range of protocols of reading drama (including in print, in manuscript, and socially) that obtain in the period.