bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mini-Review on Vitamin D in Pediatric Population and its Role in
Respiratory and Atopic Disorders
Authors: Indolfi Cristiana , Klain Angela , Dinardo Giulio , Decimo Fabio , Marrapodi Maria Maddalena , Licari Amelia , Giudice Michele Miraglia del 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
In recent years, our comprehension of the function of vitamin D has significantly
evolved. The ubiquitous presence of the vitamin D receptor (Vitamin D Receptor- VDR) in the body
has led to its redefinition from a steroidal hormone primarily involved in skeletal functions to a
hormone with pleiotropic effects, exerting its influence on the circulatory, nervous, and immune
systems. This has prompted investigations into its potential use in preventing and treating chronic
metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, infections, and allergic and autoimmune diseases. This
comprehensive review explores the various aspects of vitamin D, including its sources, synthesis,
functions, and its impact on different physiological systems. It delves into the epidemiology of vitamin
D deficiency, highlighting its occurrence among various age demographics and geographic
regions. The impact of vitamin D on the immune system is also explored, elucidating its immunomodulatory
and anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in the context of respiratory infections.
The review discusses emerging evidence concerning the potential advantages of vitamin D in respiratory
diseases, pediatric asthma and atopic dermatitis. It also addresses vitamin D supplementation
recommendations for various pediatric populations, including term and preterm infants. The growing
concern regarding the global health impacts of insufficient vitamin D levels necessitates further
research to bridge gaps in knowledge, particularly in enhancing screening, prevention, and approaches
to address vitamin D deficiency from birth onwards. In summary, this comprehensive
overview underscores the vital role of vitamin D, highlighting the significance of understanding its
multifaceted functions and the need for tailored supplementation strategies, especially in vulnerable
populations.
Cardiac Complications and COVID-19: A Review of Life-threatening
Co-morbidities
Authors: Eftekhar Zeinab , Haybar Habib , Mohebbi Alireza , Saki Najmaldin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
The novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported in the last days of
December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The presence of certain co-morbidities, including cardiovascular
diseases (CVDs), are the basis for worse outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

:
Relevant English-language literature was searched and retrieved from the Google Scholar search
engine and PubMed database up to 2023 using COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Heart failure, Myocardial
infarction, and Arrhythmia and Cardiac complication as keywords.

:
Increased hemodynamic load, ischemia-related dysfunction, ventricular remodeling, excessive
neurohumoral stimulation, abnormal myocyte calcium cycling, and excessive or insufficient extracellular
matrix proliferation are associated with heart failure (HF) in COVID-19 patients. Inflammatory
reaction due to the excessive release of inflammatory cytokines, leads to myocardial
infarction (MI) in these patients. The virus can induce heart arrhythmia through cardiac complications,
hypoxia, decreased heart hemodynamics, and remarkable inflammatory markers. Moreover,
studies have linked cardiac complications in COVID-19 with poor outcomes, extended
hospitalization time, and increased mortality rate. Patients with COVID-19 and CVDs are at
higher mortality risk and they should be given high priority when receiving the treatment and intensive
care during hospitalization.
Anticancer Activity of Sargassum fluitans Extracts in Different Cancer Cells
Authors: González-Garrido José Arnold , Gómez-García Javier Alejandro , Hernández-Abreu Oswaldo Ignacio , Olivares-Corichi Ivonne María , Pereyra-Vergara Fernando , García-Sánchez José Rubén 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The arrival of large quantities of Sargassum in the Mexican Caribbean Sea has generated
major environmental, health and economic problems. Although Sargassum has been used in the generation of
some commercial products, few studies have described its possible applications as a source of compounds with
anticancer activity.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of different Sargassum extracts on various
cancer cell lines. Furthermore, LC/QTOF-MS was used to identify the compounds related to the antiproliferative
effect.

Methods:
First, determination of the seaweed was performed, and dichloromethane, chloroform and methanol
extracts were obtained. The extracts were evaluated for their antiproliferative effects by MTT in breast (MDAMB-
231 and MCF-7), prostate (DU-145), lung (A549) and cervical (SiHa) cancer cell lines. Finally, LC/QTOFMS
identified the compounds related to the antiproliferative effect.

Results:
The authentication showed Sargassum fluitans as the predominant species. The extracts of dichloromethane
and chloroform showed an antiproliferative effect. Interestingly, the fractionation of the chloroform
extract showed two fractions (FC1 and FC2) with antiproliferative activity in MDA-MB-231, SiHa and A549
cancer cell lines. On the other hand, three fractions of dichloromethane extract (FD1, FD4 and FD5) also showed
antiproliferative effects in the MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, SiHa and DU-145 cancer cell lines. Furthermore,
LC/QTOF-MS revealed the presence of eight major compounds in FC2. Three compounds with evidence of anticancer
activity were identified (D-linalool-3-glucoside, (3R,4S,6E,10Z)-3,4,7,11-tetramethyl-6,10-tridecadienal
and alpha-tocotrienol).

Conclusion:
These findings showed that Sargassum fluitans extracts are a possible source of therapeutic agents
against cancer and could act as scaffolds for new drug discovery.
Differences in Software Usability Level Based on User Background
Authors: Sholeh Abdur Rohman , Fatwanto Agung 
Published: February 2024

The development of software must consider usability as one of its key success indicators. Relatively few studies discuss the factors influencing usability, including users’ backgrounds. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of user background, specifically gender, class (year of college admission), and frequency of use on the rating of usability. This research utilized a descriptive quantitative method with instruments: the usability matrix of the Computer System Usability Questionnaire (CSUQ), the System Usability Scale (SUS), the Usability Metric for User Experience (UMUX), and the Net Promoter Score (NPS). The research object was the Learning Management System (LMS) of two state universities in Yogyakarta. Two sets of questionnaire responses were obtained: 305 men and 442 women answered the first time, and 280 men and 584 women answered the second time. Our result shows that the mean value of usability level from CSUQ, SUS, UMUX, and NPS is mostly higher in female than male respondents, in junior to more senior students, and in respondents who use the system more frequently than those who use it less. This trend was consistent, even though the sequence of questionnaire choice order was reversed between the first and second data collection at the two universities. This research hence concluded that, based on gender, women tend to offer a higher rating of usability than men; based on class, the younger generation tends to provide higher ratings of usability than the older generation, and users who use the system more frequently tend to give higher usability rating than those who less use it.
Study of stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of irradiated ferrite-martensitic stainless steel 07Kh12NMFB in supercritical water. Part 2. Development of corrosion crack identification technique and analysis of autoclave test results
Authors: Margolin B. Z. , Pirogova N. E. , Sorokin A. A. , Kohonov V. I. , Dub A. V. , Safonov I. A. 
Published: February 2024

The studies of stress corrosion cracking have been carried out for the stainless ferritic-martensitic steel with chromium content of 12% irradiated to a damage neutron dose of ~12 dpa. This steel was chosen as a candidate material for the internals of supercritical water-cooled reactors (SWCR).The first part of the paper was devoted to autoclave testing of specially designed disk specimens under constant load in a supercritical water environment (at 450°C and 250 atm pressure). In this part of the article the developed technique for corrosion cracks identification is presented and analysis of autoclave tests results is performed.As a result of the experiments performed, the threshold stress values below which stress corrosion cracking initiation doesn’t occur. The values of threshold stresses are determined for the studied steel irradiated at temperatures of 390 and 550°C. Possible mechanisms of stress corrosion cracking of the studied steel are analyzed and directions for further research are proposed.
Dezesseis anos de transplante renal: uma coorte aberta no sistema único de saúde no Brasil
Authors: Gomes Rosângela Maria , Barbosa Wallace Breno , De Assis Acurcio Francisco , Guerra Júnior Augusto Afonso 
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a sobrevida do enxerto dos pacientes transplantados renais no Brasil entre 2000 e 2015. Métodos: Coorte histórica aberta, de pacientes transplantados renais pelo SUS, construída por meio de pareamento determinístico-probabilístico de bases de dados administrativos do SUS. A probabilidade acumulada de sobrevivência foi estimada por Kaplan-Meier e a diferença entre as curvas comparada pelo Teste de Log-Rank. Potenciais fatores associados à perda do enxerto foram avaliados por análises uni e multivariada. O modelo de Cox foi utilizado para calcular o Hazard-Ratio, considerando o intervalo de confiança 95%. Resultados: Foram incluídos 44.795 pacientes. A maioria do sexo mascu-lino (60,1%) com idade mediana de 42 anos. A análise demonstrou taxas de sobrevivência do enxerto renal de 91,2%, 77,0%, 57,5% e 42,1% para um, cinco, dez e 15 anos, respectivamente. A análise multivariada demonstrou um risco maior de perda do enxerto associado ao transplante com órgãos de doador falecido, aos anos adicionais de idade, aos pacientes que se declararam de cor preta, à maior período mediano de diálise anteriorao transplante (>38 meses), ao diagnóstico primário de diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial e ao regime imunossupressor contendo micofenolato. Conclusão: Esta análise retrospectiva de âmbito nacional apresenta dados epidemiológicos de relevância para a saúde pública acerca da taxa de sobrevivência e dos fatores de risco associados à perda do enxerto de pacientes transplantados renais no SUS. Os resultados possibilitam um pa-norama do transplante de rim no país, demonstrando efetividade e melhorias progressivas potencialmente úteis para os gestores na reavaliação de diretrizes clínicas.
Assessment of the quality and accuracy of information contained within the websites of marketed orthodontic products: a cross-sectional investigation
Authors: Meade Maurice J. , Jensen Sven , Ju Xiangqun , Hunter David , Jamieson Lisa 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess the quality and accuracy of information contained within the websites of providers of marketed orthodontic products.Materials and MethodsTwenty-one websites of orthodontic appliance and adjunct (product) providers were identified. The website content was assessed via two validated quality-of-information instruments (DISCERN and the Journal of the American Medical Association [JAMA] benchmarks) and an accuracy-of-information instrument. Website content was qualitatively analyzed for themes and subthemes.ResultsMore than half (n = 11; 52.3%) of the assessed websites contained clinician testimonials. The mean (SD) DISCERN score was 33.14 (5.44). No website recorded the minimum of three JAMA benchmarks required to indicate reliability. The most common content themes related to quality-of-life impact and treatment duration. Just 8% of the statements within the websites were objectively true. The Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that the DISCERN scores were correlated with the accuracy-of-information scores (r = .83; P &lt; .001).ConclusionsThe quality and accuracy of information contained within the websites of the providers of marketed orthodontic products was poor. The combined use of DISCERN and the accuracy-of-information instrument may help overcome the shortcomings of each. Clinicians should check the accuracy of information on orthodontic product provider websites before adding links to those websites on their own sites.
Disparities in Acute and Chronic Complications of Diabetes Along the U.S. Rural-Urban Continuum
Authors: Steiger Kyle , Herrin Jeph , Swarna Kavya Sindhu , Davis Esa M. , McCoy Rozalina G. 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE
To determine the relative hazards of acute and chronic diabetes complications among people with diabetes across the U.S. rural-urban continuum.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This retrospective cohort study used the OptumLabs Data Warehouse, a deidentified data set of U.S. commercial and Medicare Advantage beneficiaries, to follow 2,901,563 adults (age ≥18 years) with diabetes between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2021. We compared adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of diabetes complications in remote areas (population &lt;2,500), small towns (population 2,500–50,000), and cities (population &gt;50,000).

RESULTS
Compared with residents of cities, residents of remote areas had greater hazards of myocardial infarction (HR 1.06 [95% CI 1.02–1.10]) and revascularization (HR 1.04 [1.02–1.06]) but lower hazards of hyperglycemia (HR 0.90 [0.83–0.98]) and stroke (HR 0.91 [0.88–0.95]). Compared with cities, residents of small towns had greater hazards of hyperglycemia (HR 1.06 [1.02–1.10]), hypoglycemia (HR 1.15 [1.12–1.18]), end-stage kidney disease (HR 1.04 [1.03–1.06]), myocardial infarction (HR 1.10 [1.08–1.12]), heart failure (HR 1.05 [1.03–1.06]), amputation (HR 1.05 [1.02–1.09]), other lower-extremity complications (HR 1.02 [1.01–1.03]), and revascularization (HR 1.05 [1.04–1.06]) but a smaller hazard of stroke (HR 0.95 [0.94–0.97]). Compared with small towns, residents of remote areas had lower hazards of hyperglycemia (HR 0.85 [0.78–0.93]), hypoglycemia (HR 0.92 [0.87–0.97]), and heart failure (HR 0.94 [0.91–0.97]). Hazards of retinopathy and atrial fibrillation/flutter did not vary geographically.

CONCLUSIONS
Adults in small towns are disproportionately impacted by complications of diabetes. Future studies should probe for the reasons underlying these disparities.
Optimizing Diabetes Care Through Listening to Multiple Voices
Authors: Caballero A. Enrique 
Published: February 2024

Editor’s note
This article is adapted from the address Dr. Caballero delivered as the recipient of the American Diabetes Association’s Outstanding Educator in Diabetes Award for 2023. He delivered the address in June 2023 during the Association’s 83rd Scientific Sessions in San Diego, CA. A webcast of this speech is available for viewing on the DiabetesPro website (https://events.diabetes.org/live/25/page/186).
Integrating Sustainability Into Curriculum of Legal Education in Latvia: An Insight Into the Main Issues
Authors: Jekabsone Inga , Ratniece Laura 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For the last few decades, there has been an ongoing academic debate about the integration of sustainability into the curricula of higher education institutions to address various global challenges. Legal education is no exception. Taking into consideration that the new generation of legal professionals will be responsible for the development of regulations as well as for advocating for the individuals’ interests related to global issues, they need to be equipped with knowledge and skills to tackle these complex problems effectively. In this context, teachers1 play a crucial role, since they can instill in their students a sense of responsibility towards the future generations. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the concept of sustainability can be integrated into the curriculum of legal education in general and in Latvia in particular. To achieve the aim, the following research methods are used: legal analysis to examine the meaning and the place of the concept of sustainability in the context of legal education in Latvia and a scientific literature review to investigate the concept of sustainability in the context of integrating it into the curriculum of legal education. The main conclusions of the article: the future strategy for law schools and law faculties in Latvia should involve the incorporation of sustainability into the learning outcomes of law programs and specific courses, teaching strategies, and research opportunities for students; also, by broadening interdisciplinarity of the programs and involving students in collaboration with various stakeholders to promote sustainable development.
Das Umlageverfahren: Idee und Wirklichkeit
Authors: Helmedag Fritz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The formal relationships between the contribution rate of workers and the pension level are modelled in the pay-as-you-go system. The average pensioner has paid contributions over 36 years and currently receives EUR 1,246.67 as a monthly pension. The “standard pensioner” contributed over 45 years and receives a “standard pension” of EUR 1,692. The real pension level is 42.6% and thus falls short of the 48% target level. In the pay-as-you-go system, the monthly pension would only amount to EUR 1,203.66. Higher contributions reduce average wages relatively less than they increase the pension benefits. A redistribution within the pool of insured people should compensate for the shorter payment periods of below-average pensions.
Alle Jahre wieder: zum aktuellen Tarifkonflikt bei der Bahn
Authors: Keller Berndt 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The paper deals with the present collective bargaining conflict at the railway. First, we summarize the development and legal preconditions. Next, we focus on different demands (wages, especially inflation compensation bonus, weekly working hours) and some possible solutions of the conflict. Then, we deal with strikes and their consequences. Finally, we identify the foundation of a new temporary employment agency as a potential cause for future conflicts.
Energy efficiency in household sector
Authors: Gabrielyan Bella , Markosyan Ashot , Almastyan Nairuhi , Madoyan Davit 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Energy efficiency and behavioural changes are among the key pillars of decarbonization of the global energy system. Residential sector is responsible for a large share of fossil fuels final consumption, therefore the growth of its energy efficiency can bring a valuable impact on decarbonization speed and scale. In countries with growing economies residential energy consumption can increase dramatically due to the desire of the population to improve their standard of living, therefore striking a balance between economic growth and energy efficiency improvement is a complex policy challenge. The purpose of this study is to analyze attitudes and assess barriers of energy efficient behavior in Republic of Armenia as a country with growing economy and standards of living. The paper contributes to the literature by providing new empirical evidence of consumers’ attitude toward different forms of energy efficient behavior in Armenia and reveals how general pro-environmental consciousness and social conditions influence on it. The results of the study prove that the level of general environmental consciousness of the population has a direct impact on the frequency of practical application of various patterns of energy-efficient behavior. As a policy application for emerging economies, our study proposes that the main direction of energy efficiency policy can be education of the population and raising its level of environmental self-awareness.
Examining Wind Flow's Impact on Multi-Storey Buildings: A Quest for Quality Improvement
Authors: Myroniuk Khrystyna , Furdas Yurii , Zhelykh Vasyl , Yurkevych Yurii 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This scientific article delves into the intricacies of wind flow's impact on multi-storey buildings, presenting results from a series of experimental investigations. The research encompasses an examination of wind interactions with buildings of varying heights and geometric profiles. Furthermore, it unveils the effects of tall structures on the natural ventilation and smoke evacuation systems of shorter edifices, considering different wind flow directions. The study leverages specialized wind tunnel and measurement techniques for a comprehensive analysis of wind-induced loads on buildings. The acquired insights furnish crucial input for the design of single-story temporary modular constructions within densely populated urban areas, subject to wind-induced stresses. Additionally, they hold potential applicability in the advancement of energy-efficient technologies and strategies within the realm of construction. The acquired dataset underscores the criticality of scrutinizing wind flow's impact on structures of varied typologies and dimensions and will allow to significantly improve the quality and efficiency of modern buildings in the future.
The impact of employment restriction on the risk of an accident at work in the mining industry in Poland
Authors: Małysa Tomasz , Nowacki Krzysztof , Łakomy Karolina , Lykholat Svitlana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The European Union's energy policy has necessitated a reduction in coal mining, with significant consequences for occupational safety within the industry. This study investigates the correlation between employment reduction and accident risk within Poland's mining sector during 2006-2020, a period marked by over a 40% decrease in coal extraction and a corresponding 30% decrease in mining employment. An escalation in the relative risk (RR) of accidents was observed, increasing from 1.28 to 2.33. More critically, the RR of fatal accidents rose from 2.54 to 8.22 by 2019. Analysis revealed a critical employment threshold: a fall in mining employment below 140,000 is associated with a marked increase in accident risk, particularly fatal accidents. A linear model was developed to suggest that a reduction in the RR of accidents to 0.7 is requisite to achieve a national average risk for fatal accidents (RR = 1). The findings advocate for targeted safety interventions and propose a preventive strategy model. The implications are vital for policymakers and industry stakeholders aiming to improve worker safety in response to employment changes within the mining sector.
Some Formal Aspects of Tedmon’s Kinetics: Growth and Sublimation of Ge3N4
Authors: NAKHUTSRISHVILI Irakli 
Published: February 2024

The work considers the formal kinetics of growth of a scale with its simultaneous sublimation.The basis of the model is the power (parabolic, cubic) law of the mass gain ofsystem “metal (alloy) – scale”, with the input of an additional parameter – rectilinearconstant of the speed of the process. The gained equations are used to describe thegrowth of Ge3N4 on the surface of monocrystalline germanium in humid ammonia with simultaneous sublimation of nitride.