bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of individual genes altered in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva
Authors: Kunjoonju Josena P. , Raitanen Misa , Grénman Seija , Tiwari Nivedita , Worsham Maria J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractChromosome rearrangements in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (SCV) have indicated common consistent regions of loss and gain. The overall aim of our research was to define and characterize individual genes that underlie the pathogenesis of SCV. Thirteen cell lines from 12 SCV patients were evaluated for loss and gain of 122 genes distributed throughout the genome. Individual genes were analyzed for genetic alterations using a novel genomewide strategy, the multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification assay. Our candidate gene approach identified several altered loci. Most frequent was the loss of 1 copy of TMSB10, observed in 11 of 12 SCV patients, followed by loss of CTNNB1 and BCL2, which occurred in 7 of 12 patients. Frequent gains/amplifications included CCND1, observed in 8 of 12 patients, and IL12A, in 7 of the 12 patients. Loss and gain of specific genes observed in our study were generally concordant with the results of previous studies of cytogenetics and CGH utilizing the same SCV cell lines. Genetic alterations are hallmarks of tumorigenesis, and there is wide agreement that recurrent altered genomic loci contain genes important for tumor development and progression. Understanding the interplay of cancer genes and the pathways they utilize can lead to the detection of novel molecular targets in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of SCV. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular and immunohistochemical investigation of protein kinase a regulatory subunit type 1A (PRKAR1A) in odontogenic myxomas
Authors: Perdigão Paola F. , Stergiopoulos Sotirios G. , De Marco Luiz , Matyakhina Ludmila , Boikos Sosipatros A. , Gomez R. S. , Pimenta F. J. G. S. , Stratakis Constantine A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractOdontogenic myxomas are rare benign neoplasms affecting the jaw. Myxomas of bones and other sites occur as part of Carney complex (CNC), a multiple neoplasia syndrome caused by mutations in the PRKAR1A gene, which codes for the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA). In the present study, 17 odontogenic myxomas from patients without CNC were screened for PRKAR1A mutations and PRKAR1A protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Mutations of the coding region of the PRKAR1A gene were identified in 2 tumors; both these lesions showed no or significantly decreased immunostaining of PRKAR1A in the tumor compared to that in the surrounding normal tissue. One mutation (c.725C>A) led to a nonconservative amino acid substitution in a highly conserved area of the gene (A213D); the other was a single base‐pair deletion that led to a frameshift (del774C) and a stop codon 11 amino acids downstream of the mutation site; both tumors were heterozygous for the respective mutations. Of the remaining tumors, 7 of the 15 without mutations showed almost no PRKAR1A in the tumor cells, whereas IHC showed that the protein was abundant in nontumorous cells. We concluded that PRKAR1A may be involved by its down‐regulation in the pathogenesis of odontogenic myxomas caused by mutations and/or other genetic mechanisms. Of the sporadic, nonfamilial tumors associated with PRKAR1A mutations, the odontogenic type was the first myxomatous lesion found to harbor somatic PRKAR1A sequence changes. Published 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CHOP plays a pivotal role in the astrocyte death induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation
Authors: Benavides Amparo , Pastor Dolores , Santos Pablo , Tranque Pedro , Calvo Soledad 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIschemia has different consequences on the survival of astrocytes and neurons. Thus, astrocytes show a remarkable resistance to short periods of ischemia that are well known to cause neuronal death. We have used a cell culture model of stroke, oxygen, and glucose deprivation (OGD), to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the exclusive resistance of astrocytes to ischemia. The expression of genes implicated in both ischemia‐induced astrocyte death and post‐ischemic survival was analysed by the RNA differential display technique. Our study revealed that the expression of the CEBP homologous protein (CHOP)‐coding gene is promptly an intensely upregulated following astrocyte oxygen and glucose deprivation. CHOP mRNA induction was accompanied by the activation of other genes (grp78, grp95) that, alike CHOP, are involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. In addition, drugs that cause ER calcium depletion or protein N‐glycosylation inhibition mimicked the effects of OGD on astrocyte survival, further supporting the involvement of ER in the astrocyte responses to OGD. Our experiments also demonstrated that upregulation of CHOP during the ER stress response is required for ischemia to cause astrocyte death. Not only the levels of CHOP mRNA and protein correlate perfectly with the degree of OGD‐triggered cell injury, but also astrocyte death induced by OGD is significantly overcome by CHOP antisense oligonucleotide treatment. Nevertheless, we observed that astrocytes undergo apoptosis only when CHOP is permanently upregulated, and not when CHOP increases are transient. Finally, we found that the extent of CHOP induction is determined by the length of the ischemic stimulus. Taken together, our results indicate that permanent upregulation of CHOP is decisive for the induction of astrocyte death by OGD. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pyruvate protects glucose‐deprived Müller cells from nitric oxide‐induced oxidative stress by radical scavenging
Authors: Frenzel Jochen , Richter Jan , Eschrich Klaus 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe cellular defense of Müller cells against oxidative and nitrosative stress was examined after the addition of the nitric oxide donor papanonoate. Glucose concentrations of ≥550 μM efficiently protected the Müller cells from cell death by maintaining high ATP and glutathione and allowing only a moderate increase of free radicals. Fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis showed that 22% of the cells underwent apoptosis whereas necrosis was strongly suppressed. Under glucose deprivation, the intracellular concentration of ATP declined to 15% after 1 h; glutathione dropped to 50% within 2 h after papanonoate addition. Both the number of cells containing excess free radicals and the mean concentration of free radicals increased twofold at 0.5–2 h of incubation with papanonoate. Cell death switched from prevailing apoptosis to massive necrosis and cell viability decreased drastically. Several metabolites of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway were tested with respect to their capability to protect the stressed Müller cells. 2 mM pyruvate was found to enhance cell viability 1.6‐fold predominantly by reducing the necrotic cell demise. It could be shown that pyruvate did not act by improving the energy status of Müller cells but by scavenging excess free radicals. Inhibition of the monocarboxylate transporters in Müller cells by α‐cyano‐4‐hydroxycinnamate abolished this effect. Other 2‐ketoacids, like oxalacetate, 2‐ketoglutarate and 2‐ketobutyrate had a similar protecting effect as pyruvate. Lactate, glutamate, 2‐deoxyglucose, and ribose 5‐phosphate did not protect Müller cells against oxidative and nitrosative stress. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging response to increased verbal working memory demands among patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Sweet Lawrence H. , Rao Stephen M. , Primeau Margaret , Durgerian Sally , Cohen Ronald A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) patients frequently experience impaired verbal working memory (VWM). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) may help identify neural mechanisms underlying these deficits. Neuroimaging studies of healthy adults have characterized responses associated with increased VWM demands during the n‐Back task, suggesting that this experimental paradigm could help identify neural correlates of VWM deficits among MS patients. Fifteen MS patients and 15 matched control participants completed the n‐Back during whole‐brain fMRI. Mean signal during adjacent 0‐Back blocks was subtracted, on a voxel‐wise basis, from mean signal observed during n‐Back blocks. Resulting difference scores for 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐Back were compared across groups and difficulty levels. Signal intensity was positively related to difficulty level in anterior regions, including premotor, supplementary motor, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices. MS patients exhibited significantly greater intensity in these areas compared to controls during the 1‐Back, while portions of the left superior frontal gyrus, cingulate, and parahippocampal gyri were relatively less intense at more difficult levels. MS group responses were slower during the 1‐Back and tended to be slower during the 3‐Back; however, accuracy did not differ at any level. Lesion load was positively related to only 1‐Back activity and unrelated to any performance measure. Results suggest that compensatory activity occurs among MS patients matched on performance accuracy. Furthermore, compensatory activity occurs predominantly in regions associated with VWM, and this may decline relative to controls as task demands increase. These findings may help to explain why MS patient performance decreases as a function of effort on neuropsychological tests. Hum Brain Mapp, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hyaluronic acid hydrogel added with ibuprofen‐lysine for the local treatment of chondral lesions in the knee: In vitro and in vivo investigations
Authors: Barbucci Rolando , Fini Milena , Giavaresi Gianluca , Torricelli Paola , Giardino Roberto , Lamponi Stefania , Leone Gemma 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe effect of hyaluronan‐based hydrogel with a cross‐linking degree of 50% (i.e., the amount of carboxylate groups involved in the cross‐lining reaction) (Hyal 50%), loaded with an anti‐inflammatory drug (ibuprofen‐lysine) for local administration in the osteoarthritic knee was evaluated. The kinetic of drug release from Hyal 50% hydrogel was performed in vitro by a continuous flow system. The release was studied at three different rates (0.375, 0.073, and 0.005 mL/s), and for the slowest one a period of 8 days was necessary to receive the complete release of the drug. A chondral defect was caused in the right femoral medial condyle of 24 rabbits. Twelve animals were treated with Hyal 50%+ibuprofen‐lysine and 12 with Hyal 50% by percutaneous injection. The treatments were repeated every 10 days, for three or five times. At 30 and 50 days, no significant differences were observed between the groups (mean score at 30 days: 4.4 ± 0.6 in Hyal 50%‐treated group and 5.1 ± 0.7 in Hyal 50% + Ibuprofen‐lysine‐treated group; mean score at 50 days: 6.9 ± 0.6 in Hyal 50%‐treated group and 7.1 ± 0.6 in Hyal 50% + Ibuprofen‐lysine‐treated group). A significant difference was observed in bone mineral density of the total tibia of rabbits treated by Hyal 50% + Ibuprofen‐lysine in comparison with those treated only by Hyal 50%. The positive effects of Hyal 50% on chondral lesions were maintained in the presence of ibuprofen‐lysine with the adjunctive effect of an increased limb usage, most likely due to less pain and discomfort. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Strength retention of 70:30 poly(L‐lactide‐co‐D,L‐lactide) following real‐time aging
Authors: Moser Rodney C. , McManus Anastasia J. , Riley Susan L. , Thomas Kevin A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis study evaluated the in vitro strength retention and polymer characteristics of plates and screws made from commercially available 70:30 poly(L‐lactide‐co‐D,L‐lactide) over a 2‐year time period. Test samples included three routine manufacturing lots each of plates (1.2 mm thick, 41.70 mm long, with 2.5‐mm holes), which were machined from compression‐molded sheets, and screws (2.4‐mm major diameter and 1.86‐mm minor diameter), which were manufactured by injection molding. All samples were sterilized by e‐beam irradiation prior to in vitro aging following a standard methodology. Mechanical testing and polymer analysis was performed after 0, 6, 13, 26, 39, 52, 65, 78, and 104 weeks. The initial (time zero) tensile strength of the plates averaged 33.2 ± 1.9 MPa; the plates retained 100% of this strength at 6 weeks, 84% at 13 weeks, and 34% at 39 weeks. The screws had an initial (time zero) shear strength of 29.8 ± 4.2 MPa, and maintained 97% of this strength at 26 weeks and 73% of this strength at 39 weeks. The inherent viscosity and molecular weight (Mw) at time zero averaged approximately 1.4 dL/g and 165,000 g/mol, respectively, and decreased at similar rates for both the plates and screws. These results demonstrate excellent strength retention of devices fabricated from 70:30 poly(L‐lactide‐co‐D,L‐lactide) over time periods exceeding those associated with normal bone healing. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Characterization of cortical neuron outgrowth in two‐ and three‐dimensional culture systems
Authors: Lin Po‐Wei , Wu Chi‐Chen , Chen Chien‐Ho , Ho Hsiu‐O , Chen Yi‐Chun , Sheu Ming‐Thau 
Published: July 2005

AbstractTo improve the ability of regeneration by grafting living cells or by adding growth factor to a lesion site, it is important to find good biomaterials for neuron survival and regeneration. This study focused on two‐ and three‐dimensional cultures in a matrix using biomaterials such as agarose, collagen, fibrin, and their mixtures, because these are considered to be suitable biomaterials for neuron outgrowth. Cortical neurons were dissected from E17 rat embryos and cultured in agarose gel, collagen gel, fibrin glue, and mixtures of collagen and fibrin. Results showed that neurons cultured in collagen gel and fibrin glue had longer periods of survival (more than 3 weeks) and better neurite extension than those observed in agarose gels. As to the survival rate according to the MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays, fibrin glue was the most suitable biomaterial for neuron survival among the biomaterials examined. With two‐dimensional fibrin plating, neuron cells exhibited cell aggregation and stress fibers, but the same results were not observed with collagen gel. There were no differences in neurite extension and survival in the mixtures of collagen and fibrin. The results suggest that collagen and fibrin can provide a suitable substrate for a three‐dimensional culture matrix for neuronal survival and differentiation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Polyamide/silver antimicrobials: Effect of filler types on the silver ion release
Authors: Kumar Radhesh , Howdle Steve , Münstedt Helmut 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe efficiency of various silver‐based antimicrobial fillers (elementary silver and silver substituted materials) in polyamide (PA) toward their silver ion (Ag+) release characteristics in an aqueous medium was investigated and discussed. Anode stripping voltammetry (ASV) was used for the quantitative estimation of Ag+ release from these composites. The biocidal (Ag+) release from the composites was found to be dependent on the time of soaking in water and the nature of the filler. The long‐term Ag+ release capability of the elementary silver‐based PA/Ag composite is promising compared with the commercial counterparts. The silver ion release potential of polyamide composites where the silver filling was performed by using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is also discussed. The composites release Ag+ at a concentration level capable of rendering antimicrobial efficacy and proved to be active against the microbes. A good agreement exists between the Ag+ release experiments and antimicrobial test results. The observed results on the influence of the nature of the filler and crystallinity on the biocidal release and the varying long‐term release properties could be helpful in the design of industrially relevant biomaterials. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Preoperative diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: Fine needle aspiration cytology as compared with serum calcitonin measurement
Authors: Bugalho Maria João M. , Santos Jorge Rosa , Sobrinho Luís 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPreoperative diagnosis of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) has mainly relied on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The present study aimed to compare the sensitivity of this technique with serum calcitonin (CT) measurement and to assess the therapeutic implications of an inadequate preoperative diagnosis.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical records of 91 MTC patients treated and/or followed at our institution between January 1990 and December 2003.ResultsAfter revision of clinical records, 77 individuals were considered eligible for the study. FNAC was performed in 67 patients (87%) with a sensitivity of 63%; serum CT was measured in 56 patients (73%) with a sensitivity of 98%. Both FNAC and serum CT were assessed in 51 patients (66%). FNAC detected only 74.5% of MTCs suspected by elevated serum CT. Among patients with a cytological diagnosis of MTC, total thyroidectomy (TT) was performed in 95% of patients. Among patients without a cytological diagnosis of MTC, TT was performed in 83% of patients in whom serum CT was evaluated prior to surgery whereas it was performed in only 46% of patients in whom CT evaluation was lacking.ConclusionsDespite the higher sensitivity of serum CT measurement, as compared with FNAC to diagnose MTC (98% vs. 63%), only 9% of patients might have escaped to surgery based on FNAC results. However, indication for surgery based on suspicious FNAC may not alert the surgeon for the need of a TT and exploration of nodes at least in the central compartment. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;91:56–60. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Value of CT criteria in predicting survival in patients with potentially resectable pancreatic head carcinoma
Authors: Phoa Saffire S.K.S. , Tilleman Esther H.B.M. , Delden Otto M. van , Bossuyt Patrick M.M. , Gouma Dirk J. , LamÉris Johan S. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveSurvival is often poor after resection of pancreatic tumors. We correlated the pre‐operative CTs with survival to find criteria that have prognostic value. To establish the prognostic value of CT in patients with potentially resectable pancreatic head carcinoma.MethodsIn 71 consecutive patients with potentially resectable pancreatic head carcinoma, prognostic factors on CT were scored, for example, tumor size, peripancreatic infiltration, grades of vascular encasement, and local irresectability. All patients underwent surgical exploration. CT findings were compared with results of surgery and histopathology. Prognostic factors for resected and unresected tumors were analyzed using single and multivariate analysisResultsForty‐one of 71 tumors were resected (24 radical). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of CT for surgical irresectability were 0.67, 0.63, and 0.57, respectively. For a non‐radical resection, these were 0.62, 0.75, and 0.83, respectively. The median survival was 21 months for resectable tumors and 9.7 months for unresectable tumors. For resected tumors, a tumor diameter of > 3 cm (relative hazard 3.8) and CT signs of local unresectability showed a poor survival. The median survival of resected tumors <2 cm was nearly 30 months.ConclusionCT signs of local irresectability and a tumor diameter of >3 cm predict a poor survival after resection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;91:33–40. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: The role of post‐operative adjuvant radiotherapy
Authors: Dinshaw Ketayun Ardeshir , Agarwal Jai Prakash , Laskar Sarbani Ghosh , Gupta Tejpal , Shrivastava Shyam Kishore , Cruz Anil D. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the leading cancers in India. Since a large majority present in loco‐regionally advanced stages, surgery followed by adjuvant post‐operative radiotherapy (PORT) has been the mainstay of treatment for resectable HNSCC.AimTo identify clinico‐pathologic factors that could have an impact on outcome in HNSCC in the postoperative setting.Materials and MethodsA retrospective review of 348 previously untreated patients with HNSCC who received PORT following curative surgery. The outcome measures were local control, loco‐regional control, and disease free survival (DFS).ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 36 months (range: 2–127 months) for surviving patients, the 5‐year local control, loco‐regional control, and DFS was 79%, 63%, and 56%, respectively for all patients. On univariate analysis, site of primary was an independent prognostic factor for all the outcome measures (P = 0.005, 0.02, and 0.04, respectively) with oral cavity lesions faring the worst. Peri‐nodal extension (PNE) affected loco‐regional control (P = 0.002) and DFS (P = 0.0005), but was not predictive for local control (P = 0.9852). Cut margin positivity predicted for inferior local control alone (P = 0.03), the significance of which was lost on multivariate analysis. Cox regression analysis however confirmed the significance of primary site and PNE as independent prognostic factors.ConclusionPrimary site and PNE are independent factors predicting outcome in the postoperative radiotherapeutic management of HNSCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;91:48–55. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent ovarian carcinoma of low malignant potential: The role of secondary surgical cytoreduction and the prognosis in Chinese patients
Authors: Zang Rong Yu , Yang Wen Tao , Shi Da Ren , Xing Yan , Cai Shu Mo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe study of pathology and prognosis for patients with ovarian tumors of low malignant potential (LMP) has been well documented. The treatment, particularly the secondary surgery, for recurrent disease is less documented. This study was conducted to investigate the role of secondary surgical cytoreduction for recurrent ovarian carcinoma of LMP.MethodsPatients with ovarian carcinoma of LMP at advanced stages experiencing disease recurrence and treated by secondary surgical cytoreduction at Fudan University Cancer Hospital were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsSixteen patients with recurrent serous and mucinous ovarian LMP tumors who underwent secondary surgical cytoreduction were entered in this study. The median age was 46.5 years. The 5‐year survival in those with residual disease ≤1 cm after secondary surgical cytoreduction was 83%, compared to 26% in those with residual disease >1 cm (P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis suggested that extent of recurrent disease (solitary vs. multiple, relative risk [RR] =2.69, P < 0.01), and residual disease after secondary surgical cytoreduction (≤1 cm vs. >1 cm, RR = 2.56, P < 0.01) were determinants of survival.ConclusionsFor recurrent ovarian carcinomas of low malignant potential, prolonged survival was observed in patients with solitary recurrent disease and optimal secondary surgical outcome. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;91:67–72. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.