bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phonemic Feature Scoring as a Tool for Progress Monitoring During Language Interventions for Children With Autism and Minimal Verbal Skills
Authors: Pitt Adrienne R. , Osabuohien Lindsay W. , Brady Nancy C. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
An increasing number of studies focus on verbal treatments for children with autism and minimal verbal skills. However, clinical tools for progress monitoring during interventions are lacking. The aim of this clinical focus article is to provide illustrations on the utility of a phonemic feature scoring system as a progress-monitoring tool, focusing on benefits and limitations as well as indications for use.

Method:
Current practices for progress monitoring during language interventions with children with autism and minimal verbal skills are reviewed. A phonemic feature scoring tool is provided to aid clinicians in assessing the accuracy and consistency of expressive word productions. The authors illustrate the use of phonemic feature scoring as a progress-monitoring tool for two children with autism and minimal verbal skills, contrasting the phonemic feature scoring system to correct/incorrect, phoneme-level, and whole-word scoring.

Results:
Case 1 demonstrates a scenario where the child's speech intelligibility is low and clinical use of the phonemic feature scoring system captures discrete changes in speech production progress not represented by correct/incorrect, phoneme-level, and whole-word scoring. However, Case 2 represents a situation where once a child's speech intelligibility improves, the phonemic feature scoring system is no longer needed, and correct/incorrect scoring may be sufficient.

Conclusion:
The phonemic feature scoring system allows clinicians to track phonemic feature changes in word productions and provides detailed progress monitoring information, leading to adaptations of the intervention for each individual.
Determining the Diagnostic Accuracy of the Test of Integrated Language and Literacy Skills for College Students
Authors: Choi-Tucci Alexander , White Melissa , Plante Elena 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
This study sought to determine whether the Test of Integrated Language and Literacy Skills (TILLS; Nelson et al., 2016) can accurately identify language disorders in college-aged adults.

Method:
Fifty-nine college students between the ages of 18 and 23 years were administered the test battery validated by Fidler et al. (2011) for the diagnosis of language disorders as well as the Identification Core (ID Core) subtests of the TILLS validated for ages 12–18 years. Sensitivity and specificity information was calculated for the TILLS at various cut-scores to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the ID Core for this population. Discriminant function analysis was also performed to determine if sensitivity and specificity could be improved using empirically derived discriminant scores.

Results:
The recommended cut-score of 42 for ages 12–18 years underidentified individuals with language disorders in this sample. An adjusted cut-score of 51 maximized sensitivity and specificity to acceptable levels. Discriminant function analysis also yielded acceptable sensitivity and specificity (> 80%).

Conclusion:
Using either an adjusted cut-score for the ID Core or weighted discriminant scores, the TILLS can be used to accurately differentiate between college-aged adults with and without language disorders.
Swarming in stellar streams: Unveiling the structure of the Jhelum stream with ant colony-inspired computation
Authors: Awad P. , Canducci M. , Balbinot E. , Viswanathan A. , Woudenberg H. C. , Koop O. , Peletier R. , Tiňo P. , Starkenburg E. , Smith R. , Bunte K. 
Published: December 2023

The halo of the Milky Way galaxy hosts multiple dynamically coherent substructures known as stellar streams that are remnants of tidally disrupted orbiting systems such as globular clusters (GCs) and dwarf galaxies (DGs). A particular case is that of the Jhelum stream, which is known for its unusual and complex morphology. Using the available data from the Gaia DR3 catalog, we extracted a region on the sky that contains Jhelum, and fine-tuned this selection by enforcing limits on the magnitude and proper motion of the selected stars. We then applied the novel Locally Aligned Ant Technique (LAAT) on the position and proper motion space of stars belonging to the selected region to highlight the stars that are closely aligned with a local manifold in the data and the stars belonging to regions of high local density. We find that the overdensity representing the stream in proper motion space is composed of two components, and show the correspondence of these two signals to the previously reported narrow and broad spatial components of Jhelum. We then made use of the radial velocity measurements provided by the S5 survey and confirm, for the first time, a separation between the stars belonging to the two components in radial velocity. We show that the narrow and broad components have velocity dispersions of
4.84+1.23-0.79 km s-1
and 19.49+2.19-1.84 km s−1, and metallicity dispersions of
0.15+0.18-0.10
and 0.34+0.13-0.09, respectively. These measurements, as well as the given difference in component widths, could be explained with a probable scenario where Jhelum is the remnant of a GC embedded within a DG and where both were accreted onto the Milky Way during their infall. Although the properties of Jhelum could be explained with this merger scenario, other progenitors of the narrow component remain possible such as a nuclear star cluster or a DG. To rule these possibilities out, we would need more observational data of member stars of the stream. Our analysis shows that the internal structure of streams holds great information on their past formation history, and therefore provides further insight into the merger history of the Milky Way.
Fluorescent Fe K line emission of γ Cas stars
Authors: Rauw G. 
Published: December 2023

Context. γ Cas stars are early-type Be stars that exhibit an unusually hard and bright thermal X-ray emission. One of the proposed scenarios to explain these properties postulates the existence of a neutron star companion in the propeller stage, during which the magnetosphere of a rapidly rotating neutron star repels infalling material.
Aims. To test this model, we examined the fluorescent Fe Kα emission line at ~6.4keV in the X-ray spectra of γ Cas stars, which offers a powerful diagnostic of both the primary source of hard X-rays and the reprocessing material.
Methods. We computed synthetic line profiles of the fluorescent Fe Kα emission line in the framework of the propelling neutron star scenario. Two reservoirs of material contribute to the fluorescence in this case: the Be circumstellar decretion disk and a shell of cool material that surrounds the shell of X-ray-emitting plasma around the putative propelling neutron star.
Results. We analysed the synthetic line profiles and expected equivalent widths of the lines for three well-studied γ Cas stars. The predicted line strengths fall short of the observed values by at least an order of magnitude. Pushing the model parameters to reproduce the observed line strengths led to column densities towards the primary X-ray source that exceed the observationally determined values by typically a factor of 20, and would further imply a higher X-ray luminosity than observed.
Conclusions. The strengths of the observed Fe Kα fluorescent emission lines in γ Cas stars are inconsistent with the expected properties of a propeller scenario as proposed in the literature.
Lingering shadows: the negative effects of incivility on volunteers
Authors: Miao Qing , Huang Jinhao , Yin Hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen faced with incivility from service recipients, do volunteers feel damaged? As few previous studies have explored this issue, this study uses the conservation of resources theory to investigate the mechanisms through which incivility affects volunteer engagement and burnout, based on three-wave survey data from 1675 volunteers. This study develops a moderated mediation model to examine the effect of incivility on volunteer outcomes. We find that incivility affected volunteers’ subsequent outcomes, reducing engagement and increasing volunteer burnout by lowering volunteers’ psychological detachment. Volunteers’ hostile attribution bias played a moderating role, amplifying the negative impact of incivility on psychological detachment. Hostile attribution bias also enhanced the mediating effect of incivility on volunteer engagement and increased volunteer burnout by reducing psychological detachment. Besides developing a moderated mediation model, this study also proposes that managers should pay attention to strengthening volunteer training and providing psychological counseling to improve psychological detachment for volunteers experienced with incivility from service recipients.
Breaking through the glass ceiling: unveiling women’s representation by gender and race in the higher education hierarchy
Authors: Xiao Yunyu , Pinkney Edward , Li Tianzi , Yip Paul S. F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis retrospective study examined progress towards diversity at the intersection of gender and ethnicity amongst senior higher education academics and managers in England and Wales. The study aimed to assess any evidence of competing diversity agendas and the impact of diversity initiatives on female racial minorities. This study investigates the advancement of diversity at the nexus of gender and ethnicity within senior academic and management roles in higher education across England and Wales. Using employment records of senior staff from higher education institutions were used to assess trends in race and gender, it retrospectively examines trends in employment for ethnic minority women and the effectiveness of diversity awards from 2012 to 2019. We also collected data on the receipt of Athena SWAN or Race Equality Charter awards by higher education institutions. Mixed-effects modelling was employed to analyse the correlation between institutions awarded the Athena SWAN Silver or Race Equality Charter Bronze and variances in the representation of women from racial minorities. Results indicate that the representation of ethnic minority females in senior roles showed a marked increase over the study period. However, disparities were observed, with Black females showing fewer signs of advancement. Institutions that received Athena SWAN Silver or Race Equality Charter Bronze awards demonstrated increasing gender and racial diversity, with no evidence of competing diversity effects. The study found evidence of progress in advancing gender and ethnic diversity in senior academic and leadership positions in higher education in England and Wales. Despite this, certain racial groups, such as Black females, faced greater challenges in advancement. The positive impact of diversity initiatives was observed, with no evidence of conflicting diversity agendas. Further research is recommended to investigate structural factors affecting ethnic minorities in higher education, and to assess the potential influences of external factors like the COVID-19 pandemic on the diversity agenda.
Positioning by floors based on WiFi fingerprint
Authors: Hou Bingnan , Wang Yanchun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
WiFi-based indoor positioning technology has gradually become a hot research topic in the field of indoor positioning, but the development of this technology has been facing the challenge of susceptibility to environmental interference. Therefore, in this paper, the kernel function method (KFM) with stronger interference resistance is used for positioning, and the adaptive

σ

algorithm is proposed for the time-consuming and laborious problem of manual parameter tuning, which incorporates the ideas of cross-validation and iteration. In addition, too many wireless access points (APs) mean higher computational cost and longer positioning time, so it is necessary to choose reasonable APs for positioning. In this paper, we use the random forest (RF) algorithm to assess the importance of APs and filter out a small number of APs with high importance. Considering the obvious differences in the WiFi signals received on different floors, a system framework for positioning by floors based on WiFi fingerprints is proposed. In the offline phase, the fingerprint library is first divided according to floors, and then perform separately AP selection and parameter tuning for each sub-fingerprint library. In the online phase, support vector machine is used to discriminate the floors first, and then KFM is used for planar positioning. Experiments are conducted on the public dataset, and the results show that the proposed algorithm has higher positioning accuracy, more robustness, and less time-consuming compared to several common algorithms.
Unfolding of protein using MoS2/SnS2 heterostructure for nanopore-based sequencing
Authors: Yuan Runyi , Zhang Zhen , Wu Gensheng , Zhang Yin , Sha Jingjie , Chen Yunfei , Si Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Protein sequencing is crucial for understanding the complex mechanisms driving biological functions. However, proteins are usually folded in their native state and the mechanism of fast protein conformation transitions still remains unclear, which make protein sequencing challenging. Molecular dynamics simulations with accurate force field are now able to observe the entire folding/unfolding process, providing valuable insights into protein folding mechanisms. Given that proteins can be unfolded, nanopore technology shows great potential for protein sequencing. In this study, we proposed to use MoS2/SnS2 heterostructures to firstly unfold proteins and then detect them by a nanopore in the heterostructural membrane. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations performed in this work provided rich atomic-level information for a comprehensive understanding of protein unfolding process and mechanism on the MoS2/SnS2 heterostructure, it was found that the strong binding of protein to SnS2 nanostripe and hydrogen bond breaking were the main reasons for unfolding the protein on the heterostructure. After the protein was fully unfolded, it was restrained on the nanostripe because of the affinity of protein to the SnS2 nanostripe. Thus by integrating the proposed unfolding technique with nanopore technology, detection of linear unfolded peptide was realized in this work, allowing for the identification of protein components, which is essential for sequencing proteins in the near future.
Spectral composition of secondary electrons based on the Kiefer–Straaten ion track structure model
Authors: Friedrich T , Pfuhl T , Scholz M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The major part of energy deposition of ionizing radiation is caused by secondary electrons, independent of the primary radiation type. However, their spatial concentration and their spectral properties strongly depend on the primary radiation type and finally determine the pattern of molecular damage e.g. to biological targets as the DNA, and thus the final effect of the radiation exposure. To describe the physical and to predict the biological consequences of charged ion irradiation, amorphous track structure approaches have proven to be pragmatic and helpful. There, the local dose deposition in the ion track is equated by considering the emission and slowing down of the secondary electrons from the primary particle track. In the present work we exploit the model of Kiefer and Straaten and derive the spectral composition of secondary electrons as function of the distance to the track center. The spectral composition indicates differences to spectra of low linear energy transfer (LET) photon radiation, which we confirm by a comparison with Monte Carlo studies. We demonstrate that the amorphous track structure approach provides a simple tool for evaluating the spectral electron properties within the track structure. Predictions of the LET of electrons across the track structure as well as the electronic dose build-up effect are derived. Implications for biological effects and corresponding predicting models based on amorphous track structure are discussed.
An optimized search for dark matter in the galactic halo with HAWC
Authors: Albert A. , Alfaro R. , Alvarez C. , Arteaga-Velázquez J.C. , Avila Rojas D. , Ayala Solares H.A. , Belmont-Moreno E. , Caballero-Mora K.S. , Capistrán T. , Carramiñana A. , Casanova S. , Chaparro-Amaro O. , Cotti U. , Cotzomi J. , De la Fuente E. , Diaz Hernandez R. , Dingus B.L. , DuVernois M.A. , Durocher M. , Díaz-Vélez J.C. , Espinoza C. , Fan K.L. , Fraija N. , García-González J.A. , Garfias F. , González M.M. , Goodman J.A. , Harding J.P. , Huang D. , Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F. , Iriarte A. , Joshi V. , Kunde G.J. , Lee J. , León Vargas H. , Linnemann J.T. , Longinotti A.L. , Luis-Raya G. , Lundeen J. , Malone K. , Martinez O. , Martínez-Castro J. , Matthews J.A. , Moreno E. , Mostafá M. , Nayerhoda A. , Nellen L. , Peisker A. , Pérez-Pérez E.G. , Rho C.D. , Rosa-González D. , Salazar H. , Salazar-Gallegos D. , Sandoval A. , Serna-Franco J. , Springer R.W. , Tibolla O. , Tollefson K. , Torres I. , Torres-Escobedo R. , Turner R. , Ureña-Mena F. , Villaseñor L. , Wang X. , Zhou H. , de León C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Galactic Halo is a key target for indirect dark matter detection. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is a high-energy (∼300 GeV to >100 TeV) gamma-ray detector located in central Mexico. HAWC operates via the water Cherenkov technique and has both a wide field of view of ∼ 2 sr and a >95% duty cycle, making it ideal for analyses of highly extended sources. We made use of these properties of HAWC and a new background-estimation technique optimized for extended sources to probe a large region of the Galactic Halo for dark matter signals. With this approach, we set improved constraints on dark matter annihilation and decay between masses of 10 and 100 TeV. Due to the large spatial extent of the HAWC field of view, these constraints are robust against uncertainties in the Galactic dark matter spatial profile.
Deuterium retention in heavy-ion and helium-ion sequentially irradiated tungsten
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhang Xuexi , Li Yuhong , Wang Peng , Qiao Li 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Neutron irradiation as well as the presence of helium (He) significantly affects fuel inventory in plasma-facing materials. To investigate the synergistic effects of neutron and He irradiation on deuterium (D) retention behaviors in tungsten, heavy- and He-ion sequentially irradiation experiments were performed with various He fluence and/or heavy-ion damage levels, and then the samples were exposed to low-energy D plasmas at 450 K. It is shown that even a low He concentration of 0.5 atomic parts per million (appm) increases D concentration in the heavy-ion damaged region, which increases further with increasing He concentration under the parameters selected in this work (up to a maximum He concentration of 2.1 appm). The total D inventory in tungsten bulk also increases with He fluence due to the increase in D concentration both in the heavy-ion damaged region and the region irradiated by He-ion only. Furthermore, heavy-ion and He-ion successive irradiation slightly increases D retention in tungsten compared to the individual He ions irradiation. Similar to single heavy-ion damaged tungsten, the saturation of D retention is observed as heavy-ion irradiation damage above 0.2 dpa at a fixed He fluence.
Fetal monitoring technologies for the detection of intrapartum hypoxia - challenges and opportunities
Authors: Hussain Nadia Muhammad , O’Halloran Martin , McDermott Barry , Elahi Muhammad Adnan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Intrapartum fetal hypoxia is related to long-term morbidity and mortality of the fetus and the mother. Fetal surveillance is extremely important to minimize the adverse outcomes arising from fetal hypoxia during labour. Several methods have been used in current clinical practice to monitor fetal well-being. For instance, biophysical technologies including cardiotocography, ST-analysis adjunct to cardiotocography, and Doppler ultrasound are used for intrapartum fetal monitoring. However, these technologies result in a high false-positive rate and increased obstetric interventions during labour. Alternatively, biochemical-based technologies including fetal scalp blood sampling and fetal pulse oximetry are used to identify metabolic acidosis and oxygen deprivation resulting from fetal hypoxia. These technologies neither improve clinical outcomes nor reduce unnecessary interventions during labour. Also, there is a need to link the physiological changes during fetal hypoxia to fetal monitoring technologies. The objective of this article is to assess the clinical background of fetal hypoxia and to review existing monitoring technologies for the detection and monitoring of fetal hypoxia. A comprehensive review has been made to predict fetal hypoxia using computational and machine-learning algorithms. The detection of more specific biomarkers or new sensing technologies is also reviewed which may help in the enhancement of the reliability of continuous fetal monitoring and may result in the accurate detection of intrapartum fetal hypoxia.
Iatrogenic Liver Perforation During Liposuction: A Case Report and In-depth Review of Clinical Presentation, Management, and Lessons Learned
Authors: Jafarian Nasrin , Omari Rand Y , Shahbik Aldana E , Braizat Omar , Muneer Mohammed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Liposuction is generally recognized as a safe medical procedure. However, it is important to acknowledge the potential for complications during and after the operation. Although rare, the occurrence of iatrogenic liver perforation following liposuction is viewed as a serious complication, necessitating immediate and attentive medical care. We report a case of a 42-year-old female who underwent liposuction and presented with abdominal pain 3 days later. Elevated liver enzymes and imaging revealed an active bile leak from the right liver lobe. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed a penetrating injury, leading to multiple washout surgeries. After a 3-month hospital stay, including intensive care, the patient fully recovered upon discharge following abdominal wound closure. Despite considering liposuction procedures safe due to the associated overall low risk rates, it can lead to life-threatening complications such as hollow viscus or solid organ injury. The treatment for such complications can either be surgical or nonsurgical, depending on the patient's presentation and diagnosis. To promptly identify and address any complication postsurgery, close monitoring of patients postoperatively is necessary.

Level of Evidence: 5
Genome-wide identification and expression profiles of thePhytophthora infestansresponsive CYPome (cytochrome P450 complement) inSolanum tuberosum
Authors: Wang Yajie , Sun Yining , Li Yan , Shao Huanhuan , Cheng Xiaojie , Wang Xiaoyang , Yong Bin , Tao Xiang 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTCytochrome P450s represent one of the largest protein families across all domains of life. In plants, biotic stress can regulate the expression of some P450 genes. However, the CYPome (cytochrome P450 complement) in Solanum tuberosum and its response to Phytophthora infestans infection remains unrevealed. In this study, 488 P450 genes were identified from potato genome, which can be divided into 41 families and 57 subfamilies. Responding to the infection of P. infestans, 375 potato P450 genes were expressed in late blight resistant or susceptible cultivars. A total of 14 P450 genes were identified as resistant related candidates, and 81 P450 genes were identified as late blight responsive candidates. Several phytohormone biosynthesis, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis involved P450 genes were differentially expressed during the potato-pathogen interactions. This study firstly reported the CYPome in S. tuberosum, and characterized the expression patterns of these P450 genes during the infection of P. infestans.