bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal interval timing between transurethral resection of bladder tumors and Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin perfusion
Authors: Cai Tao‐nong , Lu Jiang‐li , Chen Zhi , Liu Zhen‐hua , Liu Zhuo‐wei , Yao Kai , Qin Zi‐ke , Ye Yun‐lin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThere is no consensus regarding the best interval time between transurethral resection of a bladder tumor and Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin (BCG) perfusion. This study was to explore whether the interval time has an impact on the prognosis and adverse effects.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients who received BCG intravesical perfusion at Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) from September 2015 to October 2021. Recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and progression‐free survival were the primary endpoints. Cox regression was used to explore independent predictors. The association between interval time and adverse effect grade was detected by logistic regression. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed.ResultsA total of 403 patients were enrolled, the median interval time was 24 days (6–163 days), and the follow‐up was 28 months (7–82 months). Eighty‐eight (20.9%) patients relapsed, and 40 patients (10.0%) suffered progression. The multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that interval time was an independent predictor of RFS (p = 0.017). Notably, when the interval time was less than or equal to 26 days, there was a trend toward better RFS, PSM resulted in 65 matched pairs in each group, and Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that there was a significant difference in RFS between groups (p = 0.009). The logistic regression analysis showed that there was no correlation between interval time and adverse effects and their grades (p > 0.05).ConclusionsWe considered that the first BCG perfusion could be performed within 2–4 weeks after surgery.
A rare case of Crigler–Najjar syndrome type 2: A case report and literature review
Authors: Rijal Divas , Rijal Prabhat , Bohare Shyam Murti , Chaudhari Ashish Sanjay , Dhungel Mandip , Agarwal Mayank , Bhatta Pramish , Dhakal Tulsi Ram , Bishwokarma Anjali , Kafle Pooja 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageCrigler–Najjar syndrome type 2 should be suspected in any young patient presenting with isolated indirect hyperbilirubinemia where all other common etiologies have been excluded. It is a relatively benign condition that responds to phenobarbitone.AbstractCrigler–Najjar syndrome (CNS) type 2 is an inborn cause of isolated indirect hyperbilirubinemia characterized by a partial deficiency of the enzyme uridine 5′‐diphosphate‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) responsible for bilirubin conjugation. Typically, this condition is diagnosed based on clinical manifestations, supplemented by enzyme analysis if feasible, and exhibits a significant response to phenobarbitone, known for its enzyme‐inducing properties. In this case, we present a young male patient who had experienced recurrent isolated indirect hyperbilirubinemia since early childhood, with negative results in the hemolytic workup. The patient exhibited a UGT1A1 gene defect and demonstrated a highly favorable response to phenobarbitone treatment. The purpose of this report is to raise awareness among physicians about this benign condition and underscore the importance of avoiding unnecessary investigations.
A successful transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement case with VIABAHN® VBX balloon‐expandable stent‐graft and long Dryseal sheath for challenging access route
Authors: Kawaguchi Tomohiro , Seiyama Kosuke , Ugawa Satoko , Nosaka Kazumasa , Doi Masayuki 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageA combination of long large‐bore sheath and balloon‐expandable stent‐graft can be effective to challenging access route in transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement.AbstractAn 88‐year‐old female with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Multidetector computed tomography demonstrated a small aortic annulus, shaggy aorta, and significant stenosis with heavily calcified atherosclerotic lesions in the bilateral common iliac arteries (CIAs). TAVR with Evolut™ Pro+ via alternative approach was considered; however, our heart team concluded that the patient was unsuitable for the procedure due to anatomical reasons, patient frailty, and medication history. Finally, transfemoral TAVR with endovascular therapy (EVT) and 18Fr‐65 cm‐Dryseal was adopted for the site. Following EVT with VIABAHN® VBX balloon‐expandable stent‐graft (VBX) implantation to the right ostial CIA lesion, 18Fr‐65 cm‐Dryseal was advanced to the ascending aorta through VBX, and Evolut™ Pro+26 mm was successfully implanted without any complication. At the 2‐month follow‐up, the patient reported a significant improvement in shortness of breath and did not present any evidence of atheroembolism. Transfemoral TAVR with 18Fr‐65 cm‐Dryseal to shaggy aorta can be feasible depending on the plaque distribution, and VBX implantation to a heavily calcified ostial CIA lesion was safe and effective for obtaining enough lumen for a large‐bore sheath.
Fulminant endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Brucella melitensis, a case report
Authors: Hosseini Seyedeh Maryam , Baghi Mohammad , Astaneh Mohamadreza Ansari , Motamed Shariati Mehrdad 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageOcular brucellosis is a potential cause of endogenous endophthalmitis in endemic areas, which can be associated with sight‐threatening complications.AbstractTo report a patient with unusual fulminant endogenous endophthalmitis due to Brucella melitensis. A 25‐year‐old woman with a history of fever and right shoulder pain from 4 months ago and a positive Wright test presented with acute panuveitis in her right eye. All laboratory tests were unremarkable except for the positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test of the vitreous sample for B. melitensis. Despite the therapeutic efforts, including multiple vitreoretinal surgeries, and intravitreal and systemic antibiotics, the patient's final follow‐up examination after 6 months revealed hand motion vision, hypotonia, and pre‐phthisis bulbi status. The fellow eye was entirely normal. Brucella endogenous endophthalmitis can be fulminant and result in poor visual outcomes. It is suggested to consider ocular brucellosis as a potential cause of endogenous endophthalmitis in endemic areas.
Advances in Inorganic Solid‐State Electrolyte/Li Interface
Authors: Chen Yi , Qian Ji , Li Li , Wu Feng , Chen Renjie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe increasing demand for high‐energy‐density and high‐safety energy storage devices has sparked a growing interest in all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). A high‐quality inorganic solid‐state electrolyte (ISE) is a fundamental requirement for ASSLMBs, and an effective ISE/Li interface is a key factor in attaining high‐performance ASSLMBs. In this Concept, we initially summarize the challenges encountered by ISE/Li interfaces and delineate four commonly employed strategies for modifying the ISE/Li interface. Then, we explore the merits and drawbacks of coatings utilized as ISE/Li interfacial phases. We also delve into the commonly employed thermal bonding and innovative cold bonding methods utilized for in situ interface preparation. Lastly, we spotlight future directions for enhancing the functionality of ISE/Li interfaces and achieving high‐performance ASSLMBs.
A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of 2′‐O‐Cyanoethylated Nucleotides and Their Application in the Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Related RNA Analogs
Authors: Chen Xuan , Xie Long , Zhang Chenglong , Tian Shen , Tang Zeyu , Tian Weiwei , Lu Patrick , Yang Xianbin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a key player among gene inhibition therapeutics, there are many obstacles to the development of siRNA drugs due to inherent properties of oligonucleotides, including the unsatisfactory stability of unmodified siRNA, poor pharmacokinetic distribution, and the toxicity induced by off‐target effects. To maximize treatment potency, chemical modification of siRNA has undoubtedly been the most successful strategy by far. Widely applied modifications include phosphorothioate linkages, 2′‐O‐methyl modifications, and 2′‐fluoro modifications, among others. To extend the family of chemical modifications for oligonucleotides, 2′‐O‐cyanoethylated RNA analogs were developed through the replacement of the 2′‐hydroxyl group with a 2′‐O‐cyanoethyl group (‐OCH2CH2CN). This modification can provide several advantages over unmodified RNA, such as increased stability, improved binding affinity to complementary DNA or RNA strands, and resistance to degradation by cellular nucleases. The 2′‐O‐cyanoethyl‐modified RNAs not only are applied in RNA silencing machinery but also act as research tools for studying RNA structure and function or for developing RNA‐based diagnostics. Therefore, the efficient synthesis, deprotection, purification, and characterization of 2′‐O‐cyanoethylated RNAs deserves more attention. This protocol describes the chemical synthesis of 2′‐O‐cyanoethylated nucleotides and the solid‐phase synthesis, deprotection, and purification of 2′‐O‐cyanoethylated RNAs. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of 6‐N‐dimethylformamidyl‐5′‐O‐dimethoxytrityl‐2′‐O‐cyanoethyl adenosine 3′‐(2‐cyanoethyl N,N‐diisopropyl)phosphoramiditeBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of 4‐N‐acetyl‐5′‐O‐dimethoxytrityl‐2′‐O‐cyanoethyl cytidine 3′‐(2‐cyanoethyl N,N‐diisopropyl)phosphoramiditeBasic Protocol 3: Preparation of 2‐N‐dimethylformamidyl‐5′‐O‐dimethoxytrityl‐2′‐O‐cyanoethyl guanine 3′‐(2‐cyanoethyl N,N‐diisopropyl)phosphoramiditeBasic Protocol 4: Preparation of 5′‐O‐dimethoxytrityl‐2′‐O‐2‐cyanoethyl uridine 3′‐(2‐cyanoethyl N,N‐diisopropyl)phosphoramiditeBasic Protocol 5: Solid‐phase synthesis of 2′‐O‐cyanoethylated RNA analogsBasic Protocol 6: Deprotection and purification of synthesized 2′‐O‐cyanoethyl‐RNAs
Loss of SETD2 aggravates colorectal cancer progression caused by SMAD4 deletion through the RAS/ERK signalling pathway
Authors: Ma Chunxiao , Liu Min , Feng Wenxin , Rao Hanyu , Zhang Wei , Liu Changwei , Xu Yue , Wang Ziyi , Teng Yan , Yang Xiao , Ni Li , Xu Jin , Gao Wei‐Qiang , Lu Bing , Li Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgoundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex, multistep disease that arises from the interplay genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations. The histone H3K36 trimethyltransferase SET domain‐containing 2 (SETD2), as an epigenetic signalling molecule, has a 5% mutation rate in CRC. SETD2 expression is decreased in the development of human CRC and mice treated with Azoxymethane /Dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS). Loss of SETD2 promoted CRC development. SMAD Family member 4 (SMAD4) has a 14% mutation rate in CRC, and SMAD4 ablation leads to CRC. The co‐mutation of SETD2 and SMAD4 predicted advanced CRC. However, little is known on the potential synergistic effect of SETD2 and SMAD4.MethodsCRC tissues from mice and SW620 cells were used as research subjects. Clinical databases of CRC patients were analyzed to investigate the association between SETD2 and SMAD4. SETD2 and SMAD4 double‐knockout mice were established to further investigate the role of SETD2 in SMAD4‐deficient CRC. The intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were isolated for RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP‐seq) to explore the mechanism and the key molecules resulting in CRC. Molecular and cellular experiments were conducted to analyze the role of SETD2 in SMAD4‐deficient CRC. Finally, rescue experiments were performed to confirm the molecular mechanism of SETD2 in the development of SMAD4‐dificient CRC.ResultsThe deletion of SETD2 promotes the malignant progression of SMAD4‐deficient CRC. Smad4Vil‐KO; Setd2Vil‐KO mice developed a more severe CRC phenotype after AOM/DSS induction, with a larger tumour size and a more vigorous epithelial proliferation rate. Further mechanistic findings revealed that the loss of SETD2 resulted in the down‐regulation of DUSP7, which is involved in the inhibition of the RAS/ERK signalling pathway. Finally, the ERK1/2 inhibitor SCH772984 significantly attenuated the progression of CRC in Smad4Vil‐KO;Setd2Vil‐KO mice, and overexpression of DUSP7 significantly inhibited the proliferation rates of SETD2KO; SMAD4KO SW620 cells.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that SETD2 inhibits the RAS/ERK signaling pathway by facilitating the transcription of DUSP7 in SMAD4‐deficient CRC, which could provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of advanced CRC.
Synthesis and Coordination Behavior of a Hybrid Phosphanylferrocene Amidine Ligand
Authors: Binnani Chinky , Leitner Zdeněk , Císařová Ivana , Štěpnička Petr 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe combination of different donor moieties often results in unconventional coordination behavior. This contribution describes the synthesis of a new hybrid ligand, phosphanylferrocene amidine Ph2PfcN=CHNMe2 (1; fc=ferrocene‐1,1′‐diyl), and its coordination behavior toward the light platinum metals. Reacting compound 1 with [PdCl2(MeCN)2] produced the chelate complex [PdCl2(1‐κ2P,N)] and the bis (phosphane) complex trans‐[PdCl2(1‐κP)2], depending on the ligand‐to‐metal stoichiometry. Halide removal from [PdCl2(1‐κ2P,N)] with Na[BARF] afforded the chloride‐bridged dimer [Pd2(μ‐Cl)2(1‐κ2P,N)2][BARF]2, which was presumably in equilibrium with the mononuclear κ3‐complex [PdCl(1‐κ3Fe,P,N)][BARF] in solution (BARF=tetrakis [3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate). The reactions of 1 with the isoelectronic precursors [(arene)MCl(μ‐Cl)]2 (M/arene=Ru(II)/p‐cymene, and Rh(III)/C5Me5) generated the respective bridge‐cleavage products [(arene)MCl2(1‐κP)], which transformed into the P,N‐chelate complexes [(arene)MCl(1‐κ2P,N)][BARF] when treated with Na[BARF] as a chloride scavenger. All this suggests preferential coordination the phosphane moiety to soft metal ions, while the coordination of the amidine moiety can be induced through changing the reaction stoichiometry or by generating a vacant coordination site at the metal ion. The compounds were characterized using a combination of standard spectroscopic methods (multinuclear NMR, IR, and ESI MS) and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, and compounds 1 and 3 were further studied by cyclic voltammetry.
The purity evolution of Ti3AlC2 MAX phase synthesized by mechanochemical route: The effect of Al content and high‐temperature annealing
Authors: Shahin Nasir , Heidarpour Akbar , Kazemi Shahab 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study explores the effects of excess Al and annealing at high temperature on the purity of Ti3AlC2 MAX phase synthesized by the mechanochemical route. In this regard, a constant stoichiometric ratio of Ti: Al: C = 3: 1: 2 along with three blends of nonstoichiometric ratios with excess Al (Ti: Al: C = 3: X: 2, X = 1.1, 1.2, and 1.5) were ball milled. Then, to examine the annealing at high‐temperature effects, the compacted ball‐milled powders were heated at 900 and 1200°C for 1 h. The phase identification revealed that 10 h of ball milling caused a reaction between the elemental powders, and Ti3AlC2 and TiC were formed. The mechanism of the reaction during the high‐energy ball milling process is assigned to a mechanically induced self‐propagating reaction. Addition of excess Al to primary powders caused to increase the purity of Ti3AlC2 significantly. Furthermore, annealing at high temperature leading to complete reactions of the ball‐milled powders and increased Ti3AlC2 purity. The maximum Ti3AlC2 content of 88% was obtained of initial powder of Ti: Al: C = 3: 1.2: 2 ratio after annealing at 1200°C.
Reconstructing basal ice flow patterns of the Last Glacial Maximum Rhine glacier (northern Alpine foreland) based on streamlined subglacial landforms
Authors: Kamleitner Sarah , Ivy‐Ochs Susan , Salcher Bernhard , Reitner Jürgen M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on high‐resolution (sub)glacial geomorphological mapping, we present a first digital inventory of streamlined bedforms within the footprint of a Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) Alpine piedmont glacier. A total of 2460 drumlins were mapped across the Rhine glacier foreland. Glacial lineations and one field of subglacial ribs (ribbed/Rogen moraines) — the first record of this type of subglacial landform on the Alpine foreland—were identified. Two flowsets, associated with (i) the Rhine glacier's LGM maximum advance (Schaffhausen stadial) and (ii) a late LGM readvance (Stein am Rhein stadial), are differentiated. The vast majority of streamlined bedforms occur in fields aligned in a 16‐ to 30‐km‐wide swath upstream of the Stein am Rhein frontal moraines. Orientation and elongation of drumlins and glacial lineations set the basis for the reconstruction of paleo‐ice flow. Basal flow paths of the LGM maximum advance are visually interpreted and restricted to the zone proximal to the former ice front. The flow field reconstructed for the late LGM glacier readvance (Stein am Rhein stadial) extends tens of kilometres upstream and is modelled implementing a recently published kriging routine. The derived basal flow patterns paired with information on ice surface levels from lateral and frontal moraines and combined with relative ice velocity differences inferred from spatial changes in bedform elongation reveal detailed insights on ice flow geometries, particularly during the glacier readvance. Reconstructed flowlines highlight basal flow under shallow ice that is strongly controlled by local topography evidenced by diverging around basal bumps and converging in (narrow) valley sections and troughs, where basal flow velocities, steered by topography, are high. Gained paleo‐ice basal flow patterns offer new insights on landscape evolution of the northern Alpine foreland and provide evidence‐based flow data to validate future physical modelling results.
Cultivating Peace and Health at Community Health Centers
Authors: Neuhaus Carolyn P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFounded on a commitment to social justice and health equity, community health centers in the United States provide high‐quality primary care to underserved populations and address social drivers of health disparities. Through an examination of two books on the history of community health centers, Peace & Health: How a Group of Small‐Town Activists and College Students Set Out to Change Healthcare, by Charles Barber, and Community Health Centers: A Movement and the People Who Made It Happen, by Bonnie Lefkowitz, this essay provides insight into what it takes to center social justice in community‐based health care organizations. As bioethics reorganizes itself around an emphasis on justice, scholars in bioethics have much to learn from colleagues in community health.
Climates of Distrust in Medicine
Authors: Sullivan Laura Specker 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrust in medicine is often conceived of on an individual level, with respect to how people rely on particular clinicians or institutions. Yet as discussions of trust during the Covid‐19 pandemic highlighted, trust decisions are not always as individual or interpersonal as this conception suggests. Rather, individual instances of trusting behavior are related to social trust, which is conceived as a willingness to be vulnerable to people in general, based on a sense of shared norms. In this essay, I propose that individual and social trust are connected to each other in what can be termed a “climate of trust.” I explain how masking trends during the pandemic facilitated a “climate of distrust,” and I consider the role that clinicians might play in transforming climates of distrust into climates of trust.
Freeze casting of hydroxyapatite‐titania composites for bone substitutes
Authors: Yin Tony J. , Steyl Samantha K. , Howard Jerry , Carlson Krista , Jeyapalina Sujee , Naleway Steven E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA) is commonly used as a bone substitute material, but it lacks mechanical strength when compared to native bone tissues. To improve the efficacy of HA as a bone substitute by improving the mechanical strength and cell growth attributes, porous composite scaffolds of HA and titania (HA‐TiO2) were fabricated through a freeze‐casting process. Three different compositions by weight percent, 25–75 HA‐TiO2, 50–50 HA‐TiO2, and 75–25 HA‐TiO2, were custom‐made for testing. After sintering at 1250°C, these composite scaffolds exhibited improved mechanical properties compared to porous HA scaffolds. Substrate mixing was observed, which helped reduce crystal size and introduced new phases such as β‐TCP and CaTiO3, which also led to improved mechanical properties. The composition of 50–50 HA‐TiO2 had the highest ultimate compressive strength of 3.12 ± 0.36 MPa and elastic modulus 63.29 ± 28.75 MPa. Human osteoblast cell proliferation assay also increased on all three different compositions when compared to porous HA at 14 days. These results highlight the potential of freeze casting composites for the fabrication of bone substitutes, which provide enhanced mechanical strength and biocompatibility while maintaining porosity.
How the other half screens: A model for partnerships between student‐run free clinics and genetic counseling programs to address disparities in hereditary cancer evaluation
Authors: Jordano James O. , Gallion Tielle , Cevan Chloe , Carew Babatunde , Lloyd M. Cooper , Weaver Eleanor O. , Miller Robert F. , Dudek Martha 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGenetic medicine is considered a major part of the future of preventative care, offering evidence‐based, effective interventions to improve health outcomes and reduce morbidity and mortality, especially regarding hereditary cancer screening. Identification of individuals who would benefit from screening is key to improving their cancer‐related healthcare outcomes. However, patients without insurance, of historically underserved races, of lower socioeconomic status, and in rural communities have lower access to such care. Barriers to access lead to populations having higher rates of undetected hereditary cancer, and consequently more severe forms of cancer. With an already‐established reach, student‐run free clinics can work with genetic counseling training programs to incorporate genetic medicine into their workflow. Such partnerships will (1) make genetic care more accessible with goals of improving patient morbidity, mortality, and health outcomes, (2) offer robust educational experiences for genetic counseling learners, particularly in understanding social determinants of health and barriers to care, and (3) actively combat the growing racial and geographic gaps in genetic care. Our study presents how one student‐run free clinic implemented genetic counseling into its primary care workflow to improve access to genetics services. We present two examples of how genetic counseling improved patients' medical care. We also identify obstacles encountered during this program's development, as well as solutions—those we incorporated and possible considerations for other clinics. With the hope that other clinics can use this paper to design similar partnerships, we aim to lessen the gap between sickness and screening.