bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal changes in herd size and time budget of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) in southern Namibia
Authors: Cunningham Peter Low , Cunningham Peter Low 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSpringbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) is an understudied species with a dearth of scientific work having been conducted, especially so for the Nama‐Karoo vegetation type, in southern Namibia. We studied variations in herd composition and time budget of springbok by direct observations during a dry and wet season in southern Namibia and found significant differences (p < 0.001) in mean herd size between the dry and wet seasons. Herd size decreased from early morning to late afternoon during the dry season (p = 0.037) but not the wet season (p = 0.362). Springbok spent more time browsing during the dry season compared to the wet season (p < 0.001) when they spent more time grazing (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the time springbok spent walking between the two seasons (p = 0.181). Other energy‐intensive activities such as grooming and running increased during the wet season (p < 0.001) due to favourable environmental conditions, breeding season and possibly an increase in parasite load.
Preliminary study of Dent's monkey (Cercopithecus denti) living in a forest fragment in Rwanda, highlighting dietary flexibility in guenons
Authors: Clark Ambrosine , Kaplin Beth A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCercopithecus monkeys are a species‐rich genus generally considered arboreal frugivores with widespread distribution in sub‐Saharan African forests. We studied a largely undocumented species threatened by habitat fragmentation, Cercopithecus denti, during 3 months in 2017 in a small forest fragment of Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda. C. denti's diet was composed of about 58% leaves and 18% fruits. They spent most of their time 10–20 m above ground in secondary forest and open areas. This first systematic study of C. denti shows capacity for a highly folivorous diet, supporting arguments that Cercopithecus have flexible diets, likely enabling persistence in forest fragments.
EUFOREA/EPOS2020 statement on the clinical considerations for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps care
Authors: Hellings Peter W. , Alobid Isam , Anselmo‐Lima Wilma T. , Bernal‐Sprekelsen Manuel , Bjermer Leif , Caulley Lisa , Chaker Adam , Constantinidis Jannis , Conti Diego M. , De Corso Eugenio , Desrosiers Martin , Diamant Zuzana , Gevaert Philippe , Han Joseph K. , Heffler Enrico , Hopkins Claire , Landis Basile N. , Lourenco Olga , Lund Valerie , Luong Amber U. , Mullol Joaquim , Peters Anju , Philpott Carl , Reitsma Sietze , Ryan Dermot , Scadding Glenis , Senior Brent , Tomazic Peter Valentin , Toskala Elina , Van Zele Thibaut , Viskens An‐Sofie , Wagenmann Martin , Fokkens W. J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFollowing the European Forum for Research and Education in Allergy and Airway Diseases (EUFOREA) treatment algorithm for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), patients suffering from severe uncontrolled CRSwNP are recommended to receive oral corticosteroids, (revision) sinus surgery, systemic biologicals and/or aspirin treatment after desensitization (ATAD). Given the major differences in indications, outcomes, practical considerations, risks and costs of these key pillars of treatment, there is a growing need to define criteria for each treatment option and list the clinically relevant and major considerations for them. This EUFOREA document therefore provides an expert panel overview of the expected outcomes, specific considerations and (contra)indications of the five major treatment arms of severe uncontrolled CRSwNP: oral corticosteroids, primary and revision sinus surgery, biological treatment and ATAD. This overview of treatment considerations is needed to allow physicians and patients to consider the different options in the context of providing optimal and personalized care for severe uncontrolled CRSwNP. In conclusion, the five major treatment options for severe uncontrolled CRSwNP have intrinsic advantages, specific indications and considerations that are of importance to the patient, the physician and the society. This EUFOREA statement supports the unmet need to define criteria for the indication of every treatment pillar of CRSwNP.
The relationship between pH of pH‐model beef and impedance measured using touch‐type electrodes
Authors: Igarashi Akari , Muramoto Takayuki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMeat pH affects its color, texture, and water‐holding capacity; however, a method for nondestructively distinguishing high‐pH from normal‐pH meat is unknown. We investigated the method of preparing an extensive pH‐model of beef immersed in different pH buffers and the relationship between pH of the pH‐model beef and impedance, measured using touch‐type electrodes. The results showed that a model beef of pH 4.91–6.39 could be obtained when a beef steak (pH 5.68) was immersed in a solution of pH 4.0–7.0. In addition, we found a significant negative correlation between immersion pH and drip loss, and between immersion pH and impedance measured at 50 kHz (P < 0.01). These results provide an estimation equation (y = −16.5x + 195.3) that can be used to nondestructively determine the pH (x) of pH‐model beef by measuring its impedance (y) using touch‐type electrodes at 50 kHz (P < 0.01). Hence, the study shows the possibility of nondestructively estimating the pH of pH model beef by measuring impedance using touch‐type electrodes.
The impact of sound and immersive experience on learners when using virtual reality and tablet: A mixed‐method study
Authors: Kaplan‐Rakowski Regina , Cockerham Deborah , Ferdig Richard E. 
Published: December 2023

Multisensory‐rich VR experiences, which encompass visual, auditory, and haptic stimuli, have the potential to enhance engagement, motivation, and learning. However, extensive sensory stimuli could also compromise learning through sensory overload. In museum settings, visitors who are inundated with excessive stimuli such as unrelated background music or competing visual options may not experience optimal learning. This mixed‐methods study addressed this potential problem by exploring the impact of sound on learning, enjoyment, sense of presence, and the development of interest among museum attendees (N = 255) who used two different types of technology: high‐immersion VR or a tablet. Results from a one‐way MANOVA revealed that learning and sense of presence were unaffected by the technology used unless sound was added. Using a tablet with sound lowered the sense of presence. Participants in the VR condition with or without sound had significantly higher enjoyment scores than those in either tablet condition. The development of interest was not significantly affected by any condition, regardless of whether sound was used. The research findings have implications for implementing VR for learning in museum settings. For instance, VR can enhance a sense of presence in museum exhibits, but a sense of presence may be significantly diminished when museum visitors use tablets with sound. Additional recommendations for the use of multimodal VR in museums are provided.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

VR can support an immersive and engaging experience for users.
VR is more immersive than tablets.
When designed effectively, sound can increase immersion and engagement.
When integrated into the visual environment, sound can add authenticity to the learning content.
VR can complement museum exhibits as it allows museum visitors to extend their learning experiences.
What this paper adds

VR enriched with sound can significantly and positively impact sense of presence.
Compared with a soundless VR exhibition, VR enriched with sound enhances engagement of museum visitors by drawing their attention to the content of the exhibits.
VR with and without sound can support learning and add enjoyment to museum visitor experiences.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Developers interested in adding sound to VR should ensure that the visual and auditory experiences are directly related to the desired content delivery.
Museum exhibit creators and curators should consider the use of VR to provide dynamic learning experiences that increase enjoyment and presence.
Identifying and managing disturbance‐stimulated flammability in woody ecosystems
Authors: Lindenmayer David , Zylstra Phil 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTMany forest types globally have been subject to an increase in the frequency of, and area burnt by, high‐severity wildfire. Here we explore the role that previous disturbance has played in increasing the extent and severity of subsequent forest fires. We summarise evidence documenting and explaining the mechanisms underpinning a pulse of flammability that may follow disturbances such as fire, logging, clearing or windthrow (a process we term disturbance‐stimulated flammability). Disturbance sometimes initiates a short initial period of low flammability, but then drives an extended period of increased flammability as vegetation regrows. Our analysis initially focuses on well‐documented cases in Australia, but we also discuss where these pattens may apply elsewhere, including in the Northern Hemisphere. We outline the mechanisms by which disturbance drives flammability through disrupting the ecological controls that limit it in undisturbed forests. We then develop and test a conceptual model to aid prediction of woody vegetation communities where such patterns of disturbance‐stimulated flammability may occur. We discuss the interaction of ecological controls with climate change, which is driving larger and more severe fires. We also explore the current state of knowledge around the point where disturbed, fire‐prone stands are sufficiently widespread in landscapes that they may promote spatial contagion of high‐severity wildfire that overwhelms any reduction in fire spread offered by less‐flammable stands.We discuss how land managers might deal with the major challenges that changes in landscape cover and altered fire regimes may have created. This is especially pertinent in landscapes now dominated by extensive areas of young forest regenerating after logging, regrowing following broadscale fire including prescribed burning, or regenerating following agricultural land abandonment.Where disturbance is found to stimulate flammability, then key management actions should consider the long‐term benefits of: (i) limiting disturbance‐based management like logging or burning that creates young forests and triggers understorey development; (ii) protecting young forests from disturbances and assisting them to transition to an older, less‐flammable state; and (iii) reinforcing the fire‐inhibitory properties of older, less‐flammable stands through methods for rapid fire detection and suppression.
Cumulative ecological risk and nonsuicidal self‐injury in adolescents: The mediation of depression and the moderation of impulsiveness
Authors: Liu Shuangjin , Qi Qi , Zeng Zihao , Hu Yiqiu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study is based on the biosocial model of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI), to explore the effects of cumulative ecological risk on adolescents' NSSI, the mediating effect of depression between cumulative ecological risk and adolescents' NSSI, and the moderating role of impulsiveness in this mediating pathway.MethodsA total of 16 508 adolescents, with 7903 males (47.9%), participated in the study and completed the Cumulative Ecological Risk Questionnaire, the Short Form of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, the Impulsiveness assessment, and the Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury Scale.Results(1) There was a significant positive correlation between cumulative ecological risk, depression, impulsiveness, and NSSI; (2) cumulative ecological risk significantly predicted adolescents' NSSI; (3) depression had a mediating effect between cumulative ecological risk and adolescents' NSSI; and (4) impulsiveness moderated both the effects of cumulative ecological risk on adolescents' depression and NSSI and the effects of depression on NSSI in adolescents.ConclusionsImpulsiveness and depression are risk factors for adolescent NSSI and play a crucial role between cumulative ecological risk and NSSI in adolescents.
A hybrid approach for portfolio construction: Combing two‐stage ensemble forecasting model with portfolio optimization
Authors: Chen Wei , Liu Zinuo , Jia Lifen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCombining the stock prediction with portfolio optimization can improve the performance of the portfolio construction. In this article, we propose a novel portfolio construction approach by utilizing a two‐stage ensemble model to forecast stock prices and combining the forecasting results with the portfolio optimization. To be specific, there are two phases in the approach: stock prediction and portfolio optimization. The stock prediction has two stages. In the first stage, three neural networks, that is, multilayer perceptron (MLP), gated recurrent unit (GRU), and long short‐term memory (LSTM) are used to integrate the forecasting results of four individual models, that is, LSTM, GRU, deep multilayer perceptron (DMLP), and random forest (RF). In the second stage, the time‐varying weight ordinary least square model (OLS) is utilized to combine the first‐stage forecasting results to obtain the ultimate forecasting results, and then the stocks having a better potential return on investment are chosen. In the portfolio optimization, a diversified mean‐variance with forecasting model named DMVF is proposed, in which an average predictive error term is considered to obtain excess returns, and a 2‐norm cost function is introduced to diversify the portfolio. Using the historical data from the Shanghai stock exchange as the study sample, the results of the experiments indicate the DMVF model with two‐stage ensemble prediction outperforms benchmarks in terms of return and return‐risk characteristics.
Utilization of aquapheresis among hospitalized patients with end‐stage liver disease: A case series and literature review
Authors: Crismale James F. , Kim Tonia , Schiano Thomas D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThird‐spacing of fluid is a common complication in hospitalized patients with decompensated cirrhosis. In addition to ascites, patients with advanced cirrhosis may develop significant peripheral edema, which may limit mobility and exacerbate debility and muscle wasting. Concomitant kidney failure and cardiac dysfunction may lead to worsening hypervolemia, which may ultimately result in pulmonary edema and respiratory compromise. Diuretic use in such patients may be limited by kidney dysfunction and electrolyte abnormalities, including hyponatremia and hypokalemia. A slow, continuous form of ultrafiltration known as aquapheresis is a method of extracorporeal fluid removal whereby a pump generates a transmembrane pressure that forces an isotonic ultrafiltrate across a semipermeable membrane. This leads to removal of an ultrafiltrate that is isotonic to blood without the need for dialysate or replacement fluid as is necessary in other forms of continuous kidney replacement therapy. This technique has been utilized in other conditions including acute decompensated heart failure, with trials showing mixed, but generally favorable results. Herein, we present a series of our own experience using aquapheresis among patients with cirrhosis, review the literature regarding its use in other hypervolemic states, and discuss how we may apply lessons learned from use of aquapheresis in heart failure to patients with end‐stage liver disease.
No drug–drug interactions between selective prolyl‐tRNA synthetase inhibitor, bersiporocin, and pirfenidone or nintedanib in healthy participants
Authors: Shin Wonsuk , Park Min Young , Kim Jongwoo , Kim Jihyeon , Nam Jun Hee , Choi Jongwon , Yang A‐Young , Yoo Hyounggyoon , Lee Yil‐Seob , Kim Anhye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBersiporocin, a potent and selective prolyl‐tRNA synthetase inhibitor, is expected to show a synergistic effect with pirfenidone or nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. To validate the combination therapy of bersiporocin with pirfenidone or nintedanib, a randomized, open‐label, two‐part, one‐sequence, three‐period, three‐treatment study was designed to evaluate the effect of drug–drug interactions (DDI) regarding their pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability in healthy participants. In addition, the pharmacokinetic profiles of the newly formulated, enteric‐coated bersiporocin tablet were evaluated after single and multiple administrations. The potential effects of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) genotyping on bersiporocin pharmacokinetics and DDI were also explored. In Part 1, participants were sequentially administered a single dose of pirfenidone 600 mg, a single dose of bersiporocin 150 mg followed by multiple doses, and bersiporocin in combination with pirfenidone. In Part 2, participants were sequentially administered a single dose of nintedanib 150 mg, multiple doses of bersiporocin 150 mg, and bersiporocin in combination with nintedanib. Forty‐six participants completed the study. There was no significant pharmacokinetic DDI between bersiporocin, and pirfenidone or nintedanib. All adverse events (AEs) were mild to moderate and did not include serious AEs, suggesting bersiporocin alone or in combination therapy were well‐tolerated. The newly formulated bersiporocin 150 mg tablet showed a moderate accumulation index. There was no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic profiles after administration of bersiporocin alone or in combination therapy between CYP2D6 phenotypes. In conclusion, there are no significant DDI regarding the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of bersiporocin administration with pirfenidone or nintedanib.
Effects of erosion and abrasion on resin‐matrix ceramic CAD/CAM materials: An in vitro investigation
Authors: Reidelbach Cosima , Swoboda Michael , Spraul Mathias , Vach Kirstin , Patzelt Sebastian B. M. , Hellwig Elmar , Polydorou Olga 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of erosion and abrasion on resin‐matrix ceramic CAD/CAM materials [CERASMART (GC); VITA ENAMIC (VITA Zahnfabrik); Lava Ultimate (3 M)] in comparison to feldspar ceramic (VITABLOCS Mark II, VITA Zahnfabrik) and resin composite materials (ceram.x universal, Dentsply Sirona). Daily brushing and acid exposure were simulated using a brushing apparatus and a solution of 0.5 vol% citric acid. Microhardness, surface roughness, and substance loss were measured at baseline and after simulation of 1 and 3 years of function. All materials showed a decrease in microhardness after 3 years and an increase in surface roughness (Ra) after 1 and 3 years. The Ra increase was statistically significantly lower for the resin‐matrix ceramics than for feldspar ceramic and similar to composite material. After 3 years, only feldspar ceramic showed no significant substance loss. In conclusion, resin‐matrix ceramics demonstrate reduced roughening compared to feldspar ceramics, potentially improving restoration longevity by preventing plaque buildup, but differences in abrasion resistance suggest the need for further material‐specific research. Future research should aim to replicate clinical conditions closely and to transition to in vivo trials.
Age‐related change in gait efficacy and predictors of its decline: A 3‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Sato Yu , Taniguchi Masashi , Fukumoto Yoshihiro , Okada Shogo , Wang Zimin , Nakazato Kaede , Niiya Nanami , Yamada Yosuke , Kimura Misaka , Ichihashi Noriaki 
Published: December 2023

AimThis study aimed to calculate the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for a modified Gait Efficacy Scale (mGES) over 3 years and to clarify the predictors of mGES decline.MethodsIn total, 87 community‐dwelling older adults were enrolled in this 3‐year longitudinal study. The mGES, fall history and physical function (chair stand frequency, open‐eyes one‐leg stand, open–close stepping test, walking speed, walking endurance [shuttle stamina walk test] and physical activity) were assessed at baseline. After a 3‐year follow‐up period, the mGES and Global Rating of Change Scale were assessed. The MCID was calculated using anchor‐based methods, with the Global Rating of Change Scale as an anchor. The participants were classified into the decline and keep groups based on whether the changes in the mGES were greater than the MCID. A logistic regression analysis was conducted using the mGES as the dependent variable and physical characteristics, fall history, and physical function as independent variables.ResultsThe MCID for the mGES over 3 years was −7.38 points. A logistic regression analysis identified low open–close stepping (odds ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.782–0.985; P = 0.027) and the shuttle stamina walk test (odds ratio, 0.974; 95% confidence interval, 0.949–1.000; P = 0.049) as predictors of the mGES decline.ConclusionThese findings suggest that a change of 7.38 points in the mGES was clinically significant and that poor agility and walking endurance can predict future decline in the mGES. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 90–94.
Making hybrid work for diverse staff in higher education: A behaviour change approach
Authors: Gutman Leslie Morrison , Perowne Rachel , Younas Fatima , O'Hanrachtaigh Eanna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite being considered the ‘new normal’ for many workers since the COVID‐19 pandemic, there is a dearth of applied research on hybrid working, especially in the context of inclusivity. This study uses the Behaviour Change Wheel to examine barriers, which hinder, and enablers, which help, to support hybrid working after the COVID‐19 pandemic and then identifies intervention strategies for its improvement. Data included 36 open‐ended questionnaires and 20 interviews from diverse (gender, sexual and ethnic identities; age; job role/grade scale; caregiving responsibilities and disability status) academic and professional staff at a large UK public research university, collected in May–July 2022. Barriers included the lack of technological skills, lack of clarity and application of the hybrid working policy, childcare and travel issues, no suitable space and equipment, managers' lack of understanding of specific needs, feeling lonely and isolated, and fears and uncertainty. Enablers included self‐management skills, purposeful office days, positive feelings, work/life balance, productivity and support from others. Issues related to equity and inclusivity were highlighted based on disability status, caregiving responsibilities, age and job role. Strategies are offered to improve hybrid working, such as training, organisational infrastructure and practices and policies to enable a collaborative, cooperative and inclusive hybrid work environment.