bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microscopic nonlinear optical activities and ultrafast carrier dynamics in layered AgInP2S6
Authors: Wang Zixin , Dong Ningning , Mao Yu , Chen Chenduan , Chen Xin , Xu Chang , Yan Zhouyuan , Wang Jun 
Published: January 2024

Since the emergence of graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and black phosphorus, two-dimensional materials have attracted significant attention and have driven the development of fundamental physics and optoelectronic devices. Metal phosphorus trichalcogenides (MPX3), due to their large bandgap of 1.3–3.5 eV, enable the extension of optoelectronic applications to visible and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths. Micro-Z/I-scan (μ-Z/I-scan) and micro-pump-probe (μ-pump-probe) setups were used to systematically investigate the third-order nonlinear optical properties and ultrafast carrier dynamics of the representative material AgInP2S6. UV-visible absorption spectra and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed a quantum confinement effect, in which the bandgap decreased with increasing thickness. The two-photon absorption (TPA) effect is exhibited under the excitation of both 520 and 1040 nm femtosecond pulses, where the TPA coefficient decreases as the AgInP2S6 thickness increases. In contrast, the TPA saturation intensity exhibits the opposite behavior that the TPA saturation is more likely to occur under visible excitation. After the valence band electrons undergo photon transitions to the conduction band, the non-equilibrium carriers relax through non-radiative and defect-assisted recombination. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the optical response process of AgInP2S6 and are a valuable reference for the development of optoelectronic devices.
Who are optimal candidates for primary tumor resection in patients with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma? A population-based study
Authors: Song Xue , Xie Yangyang , Lou Yafang 
Published: January 2024

Background
The research aimed to construct a novel predictive nomogram to identify specific metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma (mGAC) populations who could benefit from primary tumor resection (PTR).

Method
Patients with mGAC were included in the SEER database and divided into PTR and non-PTR groups. The Kaplan-Meier analysis, propensity score matching (PSM), least absolute shrink and selection operator (LASSO) regression, multivariable logistic regression, and multivariate Cox regression methods were then used. Finally, the prediction nomograms were built and tested.

Results
3185 patients with mGAC were enrolled. Among the patients, 679 cases underwent PTR while the other 2506 patients didn’t receive PTR. After PSM, the patients in the PTR group presented longer median overall survival (15.0 vs. 7.0 months, p < 0.001). Among the PTR group, 307 (72.9%) patients obtained longer overall survival than seven months (beneficial group). Then the LASSO logistic regression was performed, and gender, grade, T stage, N stage, pathology, and chemotherapy were included to construct the nomogram. In both the training and validation cohorts, the nomogram exhibited good discrimination (AUC: 0.761 and 0.753, respectively). Furthermore, the other nomogram was constructed to predict 3-, 6-, and 12-month cancer-specific survival based on the variables from the multivariate Cox analysis. The 3-, 6-, and 12-month AUC values were 0.794, 0.739, and 0.698 in the training cohort, and 0.805, 0.759, and 0.695 in the validation cohorts. The calibration curves demonstrated relatively good consistency between the predicted and observed probabilities of survival in two nomograms. The models’ clinical utility was revealed through decision curve analysis.

Conclusion
The benefit nomogram could guide surgeons in decision-making and selecting optimal candidates for PTR among mGAC patients. And the prognostic nomogram presented great prediction ability for these patients.
Burden of delayed discharge on acute hospital medical wards: A retrospective ecological study in Rome, Italy
Authors: Vinci Antonio , Furia Giuseppe , Cammalleri Vittoria , Colamesta Vittoria , Chierchini Patrizia , Corrado Ornella , Mammarella Assunta , Ingravalle Fabio , Bardhi Dorian , Malerba Rosa Maria , Carnevale Edoardo , Gentili Susanna , Damiani Gianfranco , De Vito Corrado , Maurici Massimo 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Delayed discharge represents the difficulty in proceeding with discharge of patients who do not have any further benefit from prolonged stay. A quota of this problem is related to organizational issues. In the Lazio region in Italy, a macro service re-organization in on the way, with a network of hospital and territorial centers engaged in structuring in- and out- of hospital patient pathways, with a special focus on intermediate care structures. Purpose of this study is to quantify the burden of delayed discharge on a single hospital structure, in order to estimate costs and occurrence of potential resource misplacement.

Material and methods
Observational Retrospective study conducted at the Santo Spirito Hospital in Rome, Italy. Observation period ranged from 1/09/2022, when the local database was instituted, to 1/03/2023 (6 months). Data from admissions records was anonymously collected. Data linkage with administrative local hospital database was performed in order to identify the date a discharge request was fired for each admission. Surgical discharges and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) discharges were excluded from this study. A Poisson hierarchical regression model was employed to investigate for the role of ward, Severity of Disease (SoD) and Risk of Mortality (RoM) on elongation of discharge time.

Results
1222 medical ward admissions were recorded in the timeframe. 16% of them were considered as subject to potentially elongated stay, and a mean Delay in discharge of 6.3 days (SD 7.9) was observed.

Discussion and conclusions
Delayed discharge may cause a “bottleneck” in admissions and result in overcrowded Emergency Department, overall poor performance, and increase in overall costs. A consisted proportion of available beds can get inappropriately occupied, and this inflates both direct and indirect costs. Clinical conditions on admission are not a good predictor of delay in discharge, and the root causes of this phenomenon likely lie in organizational issues (on structure\system level) and social issues (on patient’s level).
Maternal body mass index and necrotizing enterocolitis: A case-control study
Authors: Stumpf Katherine , Sharma Priya , Brown L. Steven , Brion Luc P. , Mirpuri Julie 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Our aim was to determine if maternal body mass index (BMI) is associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a large urban delivery center.

Methods
This single center retrospective case-control study included 291 infants under gestational age of 33 weeks admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during a 10-year period. Cases of stage 2 and 3 NEC were matched at a ratio of 2 controls (n = 194) to 1 case (n = 97). Maternal BMI was categorized as normal (≤24.9), overweight (25–29.9) and obese (≥30). Chi-square and stepwise logistic regression were used for analysis. A power analysis was performed to determine if sample size was sufficient to detect an association.

Results
Stepwise logistic regression demonstrated no association between NEC and maternal obesity. Maternal hypertension, pre-eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, maternal exposure to antibiotics, placental abruption and gestational diabetes were not associated with NEC. Power analysis showed the sample size was sufficient to detect an association of NEC with maternal BMI in three groups analyzed. In this case-control study, there was an association between NEC and maternal overweight but not obesity at delivery.

Discussion
Our results did not show a significant association of NEC with maternal obesity. The percent of overweight and obese mothers prior to pregnancy and at delivery was significantly higher in our population than the national average and may be responsible for the limited ability to reveal any association between maternal obesity and NEC.
Mice, rats, and guinea pigs differ in FMOs expression and tissue concentration of TMAO, a gut bacteria-derived biomarker of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases
Authors: Maksymiuk Klaudia M. , Szudzik Mateusz , Samborowska Emilia , Chabowski Dawid , Konop Marek , Ufnal Marcin 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Increased plasma trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is observed in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, originating from the gut microbiota product, trimethylamine (TMA), via flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs)-dependent oxidation. Numerous studies have investigated the association between plasma TMAO and various pathologies, yet limited knowledge exists regarding tissue concentrations of TMAO, TMAO precursors, and interspecies variability.

Methods
Chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was employed to evaluate tissue concentrations of TMAO and its precursors in adult male mice, rats, and guinea pigs. FMO mRNA and protein levels were assessed through PCR and Western blot, respectively.

Results
Plasma TMAO levels were similar among the studied species. However, significant differences in tissue concentrations of TMAO were observed between mice, rats, and guinea pigs. The rat renal medulla exhibited the highest TMAO concentration, while the lowest was found in the mouse liver. Mice demonstrated significantly higher plasma TMA concentrations compared to rats and guinea pigs, with the highest TMA concentration found in the mouse renal medulla and the lowest in the rat lungs. FMO5 exhibited the highest expression in mouse liver, while FMO3 was highly expressed in rats. Guinea pigs displayed low expression of FMOs in this tissue.

Conclusion
Despite similar plasma TMAO levels, mice, rats, and guinea pigs exhibited significant differences in tissue concentrations of TMA, TMAO, and FMO expression. These interspecies variations should be considered in the design and interpretation of experimental studies. Furthermore, these findings may suggest a diverse importance of the TMAO pathway in the physiology of the evaluated species.
Rapid Development of Achalasia After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Esophageal Muscle Tissue
Authors: Samo Salih , Hamo Falak , Hamza Ameer , Yadlapati Rena , Kahrilas Peter J. , Wozniak Ann 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Achalasia has been linked to viruses. We have observed cases of rapid-developing achalasia post–coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

METHODS:
We aimed to prospectively evaluate esophageal muscle for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) from patients with rapid-onset achalasia post–COVID-19 and compare them with achalasia predating COVID-19 and achalasia with no COVID-19.

RESULTS:
Compared with long-standing achalasia predating COVID-19 and long-standing achalasia with no COVID-19, the subjects with achalasia post–COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of messenger RNA for the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, which correlated with a significant increase in the inflammatory markers NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain–containing 3 and tumor necrosis factor.

DISCUSSION:
SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is a possible trigger for achalasia.
The effect of perceived green organizational support on employee green behavior
Authors: Kerse Gökhan 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The present study examines the effect of perceived green organizational support on employee green behavior in the manufacturing sector. The study also attempted to determine whether long-term orientation has a moderating role in this effect.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study uses a quantitative research design. Data were obtained from employees working in the manufacturing sector using the convenience sampling and survey methods. Analyses such as confirmatory factor, reliability, correlation and regression (Model 1) analyses were carried out.
Results: The findings have shown that perceived green organizational support positively affects employee green behavior, and that long-term orientation plays a moderating role in this effect.
Research Limitations: Limitations include the data being obtained cross-sectionally from a single sector (manufacturing) and the only variables in consideration being perceived green organizational support, long-term orientation and employee green behavior.
Practical implications: The findings reveal that managers in the manufacturing sector should turn to green organizational support practices because green behaviors (in-role and extra-role) increase with employees' perceptions of these support practices. The findings also revealed that employees with low long-term orientation levels (compared to those with medium and high levels) exhibit more green employee behavior as their perception of green organizational support increases.
Originality / Value: The present study focuses on employee green behavior, which is important for Industry 4.0. It is also the first study to examine the relationship between perceived green organizational support and employee green behavior within the context of long-term orientation.
Effects of high‐intensity intermittent exercise versus moderate‐intensity continuous exercise on renal hemodynamics assessed by ultrasound echo
Authors: Kawakami Shotaro , Yasuno Tetsuhiko , Kawakami Saki , Ito Ai , Fujimi Kanta , Matsuda Takuro , Nakashima Shihoko , Masutani Kosuke , Uehara Yoshinari , Higaki Yasuki , Michishita Ryoma 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh‐intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) has become attractive for presenting a variety of exercise conditions. However, the effects of HIIE on renal function and hemodynamics remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the effects of HIIE and moderate‐intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on renal hemodynamics, renal function, and kidney injury biomarkers. Ten adult males participated in this study. We allowed the participants to perform HIIE or MICE to consider the impact of exercise on renal hemodynamics under both conditions. Renal hemodynamic assessment and blood sampling were conducted before the exercise (pre) and immediately (post 0), 30 min (post 30), and 60 min (post 60) after the exercise. Urine sampling was conducted in the pre, post 0, and post 60 phases. There was no condition‐by‐time interaction (p = 0.614), condition (p = 0.422), or time effect (p = 0.114) regarding renal blood flow. Creatinine‐corrected urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin concentrations increased at post 60 (p = 0.017), but none exceeded the cut‐off values for defining kidney injury. Moreover, there were no significant changes in other kidney injury biomarkers at any point. These findings suggest that high‐intensity exercise can be performed without decreased RBF or increased kidney injury risk when conducted intermittently for short periods.
The Bitcoin Premium: A Persistent Puzzle
Authors: Wilson Matthew S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
On average, stocks have a much higher rate of return than bonds; this has led to research on the equity premium puzzle. Similarly, Bitcoin outperforms stocks; I call this the Bitcoin premium puzzle. I show that standard macroeconomic models predict a low or negative Bitcoin premium. Though Bitcoin is extremely volatile, the model is rejected even when the coefficient of relative risk aversion is above 10. The Bitcoin premium declined after a structural break in late 2013. However, the puzzle is persistent; there has been no downward trend in the premium since.
CX3CL1/Fractalkine as a biomarker for early pregnancy prediction of preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Kahouadji Samy , Giguère Yves , Lambert Salomé , Forest Jean-Claude , Bernard Nathalie , Blanchon Loïc , Marceau Geoffroy , Durif Julie , Pereira Bruno , Gallot Denis , Sapin Vincent , Bouvier Damien 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of our study was to evaluate serum CX3CL1/Fractalkine, a monocyte/macrophage chemoattractant expressed in cytotrophoblasts and decidual cells, as a predictive biomarker for the occurrence of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Methods
A case-control study of 438 pregnancies including 82 PPROM cases and 64 preterm labor with intact membranes cases with blood samples collected at first trimester, second trimester and delivery was conducted. The predictive ability of CX3CL1 and maternal risk factors for the occurrence of PPROM was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. A second, independent cohort was prospectively constituted to confirm the case-control study results.

Results
First trimester CX3CL1 was significantly increased in PPROM cases when compared to matched controls. Multivariate regression analysis highlighted a significant difference for CX3CL1 measured during the first trimester (p<0.001). Alone, CX3CL1 predicts PPROM with a 90 % sensitivity and a specificity around 40 %. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for PPROM prediction were 0.64 (95% confidence interval: 0.57–0.71) for first trimester CX3CL1, and 0.61 (95% confidence interval: 0.54–0.68) for maternal risk factors (body mass index<18.5 kg/m2, nulliparity, tobacco use and the absence of high school diploma). The combination of CX3CL1 and maternal risk factors significantly improved the area under the curve: 0.72 (95% confidence interval: 0.66–0.79) (p<0.001). The results were confirmed on a second independent cohort.

Conclusions
CX3CL1 is a promising blood biomarker in the early (first trimester) prediction of PPROM.
What the Milan conference has taught us about analytical performance specification model definition and measurand allocation
Authors: Panteghini Mauro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Analytical performance specifications (APS) represent the criteria that specify the quality required for laboratory test information to satisfy clinical needs. In 2014 the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) considered timely to update the topic of APS by organizing a conference in Milan in which some strategic concepts were proposed. Here I summarize the essential points representing the EFLM Strategic Conference heritage and discuss the approaches that will permit us to become more concrete, including roles and main actions expected from each of involved stakeholders for contributing a quantum leap forward in the way of practicality of Milan consensus about APS.
Simultaneous Reconstruction of Speed of Sound and Nonlinearity Parameter in a Paraxial Model of Vibro-Acoustography in Frequency Domain
Authors: Kaltenbacher Barbara , Rauscher Teresa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the inverse problem of vibro-acoustography, a technique for enhancing ultrasound imaging by making use of nonlinear effects.
It amounts to determining two spatially variable coefficients in a system of PDEs describing propagation of two directed sound beams and the wave resulting from their nonlinear interaction.
To justify the use of Newton’s method for solving this inverse problem, on one hand, we verify well-definedness and differentiability of the forward operator corresponding to two versions of the PDE model; on the other hand, we consider an all-at-once formulation of the inverse problem and prove convergence of Newton’s method for its solution.
Robust PRESB Preconditioning of a 3-Dimensional Space-Time Finite Element Method for Parabolic Problems
Authors: Foltyn Ladislav , Lukáš Dalibor , Zank Marco 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a recently developed preconditioning of square block matrices (PRESB) to be used within a parallel method to solve linear systems of equations arising from tensor-product discretizations of initial boundary-value problems for parabolic partial differential equations.
We consider weak formulations in Bochner–Sobolev spaces and tensor-product finite element approximations for the heat and eddy current equations.
The fast diagonalization method is employed to decouple the arising linear system of equations into auxiliary spatial complex-valued linear systems that can be solved concurrently.
We prove that the real part of the system matrix is positive definite, which allows us to accelerate the flexible generalized minimal residual method (FGMRES) by the PRESB preconditioner.
The action of PRESB on a vector includes two solutions with positive definite matrices.
The spectrum of the preconditioned system lies between 1/2 and 1.
Finally, we combine the PRESB-FGMRES method with multigrid-CG iterations and illustrate the numerical efficiency and the robustness for spatial discretizations up to 12 millions degrees of freedom.
Reframing the response to the opioid crisis: The critical role of resilience in public health
Authors: Roberts Donna L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis analysis examines the opioid crisis in the United States as a significant public health challenge. It highlights the increasing prevalence of opioid misuse and overdose-related deaths over the past two decades, emphasizing the need for innovative and adaptive public health approaches to effectively address the crisis's root causes, mitigate its impacts, and support recovery for those affected. The inquiry focuses on resilience as a key concept in public health, exploring its relevance and application in responding to the opioid crisis. Resilience, understood as the capacity of individuals, communities, and systems to adapt and respond effectively to adversity, is presented as vital for enhancing public health preparedness, response, and recovery efforts. The goal of the article is to provide insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers on how to build resilience into public health systems and interventions to better confront the challenges posed by the opioid crisis.
A Large-Sized Permeameter for Studying Suffusion Characteristics of Anisotropic Soils
Authors: Chen Rui , Zhang Liang-Liang , Deng Gang , Chen Zhong-Kui , Liu Lei-Lei , Zhou Zhi-Le , Luo Zhi-Yuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Seepage-induced suffusion involves the migration of fine particles within a soil matrix. Seepage flow is affected by the soil permeability anisotropy of anisotropic soil fabric; however, suffusion anisotropy is unclear because of the limited function of existing permeameters. In recent studies, the effect of seepage direction has been investigated under only low hydraulic gradients because the control of seepage direction relies merely on gravity. In this study, a new, large-sized permeameter is developed with which suffusion tests can be conducted along horizontal or vertical seepage directions under high hydraulic gradients. Correspondingly, the permeameter can accommodate a specimen of 540 × 500 × 470 or 540 × 540 × 440 mm3 (length × width × height). The seepage direction is switched by changing the boundary conditions of the specimen with detachable perforated plates that allow pressurized water originating from different inlets to flow along horizontal or vertical directions. Two repeated pairs of tests were performed on a gap-graded clayey gravel to investigate the suffusion anisotropy of saturated clayey gravel. The results show that the maximum relative deviations of measurements for initial hydraulic conductivity, initiation, and failure hydraulic gradients are less than 3.5 %, demonstrating satisfactory reliability. The ratio of the initial horizontal hydraulic conductivity to vertical hydraulic conductivity for the test soil is 13.87, indicating a significantly anisotropic fabric induced by compaction. The ratios of horizontal initiation and failure hydraulic gradients to vertical initiation and failure hydraulic gradients are 0.52 and 0.59, respectively. This implies that suffusion anisotropy should not be neglected for evaluating the internal instability of anisotropic soils.