bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does early child negative emotionality moderate the association between maternal stimulation and academic readiness and achievement?
Authors: Collet Ophélie A. , Orri Massimiliano , Galéra Cédric , Pryor Laura , Boivin Michel , Tremblay Richard , Côté Sylvana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe investigated whether child temperament (negative emotionality, 5 months) moderated the association between maternal stimulation (5 months–2½ years) and academic readiness and achievement (vocabulary, mathematics, and reading). We applied structural equation modeling to the data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (N = 1121–1448; mostly Whites; 47% girls). Compared to children with low negative emotionality, those with high negative emotionality had higher levels of academic readiness (6 years) and mathematics achievement (7 years) when exposed to high levels of maternal stimulation (β = 3.17, p < .01 and β = 2.91, p < .01, respectively). The results support the differential susceptibility model whereby highly emotionally negative children were more susceptible to the influences of low and high levels of maternal stimulation in academic readiness and mathematics achievement's developments.
A neural circuit associated with anxiety‐like behaviors induced by chronic inflammatory pain and the anxiolytic effects of electroacupuncture
Authors: Wu Zemin , Shen Zui , Xu Yingling , Chen Shaozong , Xiao Siqi , Ye Jiayu , Zhang Haiyan , Ma Xinyi , Zhu Yichen , Zhu Xixiao , Jiang Yongliang , Fang Junfan , Liu Boyi , He Xiaofen , Gao Shuzhong , Shao Xiaomei , Liu Jinggen , Fang Jianqiao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsNegative emotions induced by chronic pain are a serious clinical problem. Electroacupuncture (EA) is a clinically proven safe and effective method to manage pain‐related negative emotions. However, the circuit mechanisms underlying the effect of EA treatment on negative emotions remain unclear.MethodsPlantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was performed to establish a rat model of chronic inflammatory pain‐induced anxiety‐like behaviors. Adeno‐associated virus (AAV) tracing was used to identify excitatory synaptic transmission from the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) to the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). Employing chemogenetic approaches, we examined the role of the rACC‐DRN circuit in chronic pain‐induced anxiety‐like behaviors and investigated whether EA could reverse chronic pain‐induced dysfunctions of the rACC‐DRN circuit and anxiety‐like behaviors.ResultsWe found that chemogenetic activation of the rACC‐DRN circuit alleviated CFA‐induced anxiety‐like behaviors, while chemogenetic inhibition of the rACC‐DRN circuit resulted in short‐term CFA‐induced anxiety‐like behaviors. Further research revealed that the development of CFA‐induced anxiety‐like behaviors was attributed to the dysfunction of rACC CaMKII neurons projecting to DRN serotonergic neurons (rACCCaMKII‐DRN5‐HT neurons) but not rACC CaMKII neurons projecting to DRN GABAergic neurons (rACCCaMKII‐DRNGABA neurons). This is supported by the findings that chemogenetic activation of the rACCCaMKII‐DRN5‐HT circuit alleviates anxiety‐like behaviors in rats with chronic pain, whereas neither chemogenetic inhibition nor chemogenetic activation of the rACCCaMKII‐DRNGABA circuit altered CFA chronic pain‐evoked anxiety‐like behaviors in rats. More importantly, we found that EA could reverse chronic pain‐induced changes in the activity of rACC CaMKII neurons and DRN 5‐HTergic neurons and that chemogenetic inhibition of the rACCCaMKII‐DRN5‐HT circuit blocked the therapeutic effects of EA on chronic pain‐induced anxiety‐like behaviors.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the reversal of rACCCaMKII‐DRN5‐HT circuit dysfunction may be a mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of EA on chronic pain‐induced anxiety‐like behaviors.
Distinct alterations of retinal structure between thalamic and extra‐thalamic subcortical infarction patients: A cross‐sectional and longitudinal study
Authors: Pan Ruosu , Ye Chen , Zhang Zhimeng , Kwapong William Robert , Wang Ruilin , Lu Kun , Liao Lanhua , Yan Yuying , Yang Tang , Cao Le , Jiang Shuai , Zhang Xuening , Liu Junfeng , Tao Wendan , Wu Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsCerebrovascular lesions in the primary visual cortex, the lateral geniculate nucleus, and the optic tract have been associated with retinal neurodegeneration via the retrograde degeneration (RD) mechanism. We aimed to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the effects of the strategic single subcortical infarction (SSI) location on retinal neurodegeneration and its longitudinal impacts.MethodsPatients with SSI were enrolled and stratified by lesion location on cerebral MRI into the thalamic infarction group and extra‐thalamic infarction group. Healthy controls from the native communities were also recruited. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell‐inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) were quantified using OCT. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used for cross‐sectional analyses and linear mixed models for longitudinal analyses. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsWe included a total of 283 eyes from 149 SSI patients. Of these, 115 eyes of 60 patients with follow‐up were included in the longitudinal analyses. Cross‐sectionally, thalamic‐infarction patients had reduced retinal thickness compared with extra‐thalamic infarction patients after adjustment for age, gender, disease duration, and vascular risk factors (p = 0.026 for RNFL, and p = 0.026 for GCIPL). Longitudinally, SSI patients showed greater retinal thinning compared with healthy controls over time (p = 0.040 for RNFL, and p < 0.001 for GCIPL), and thalamic infarction patients exhibited faster rates of GCIPL thinning in comparison with extra‐thalamic infarction patients (p < 0.001).ConclusionOur study demonstrates a distinct effect of subcortical infarction lesion site on the retina both at the early stage of disease and at the 1‐year follow‐up time. These results present evidence of significant associations between strategic infarction locations and retinal neurodegeneration. It may provide novel insights for further research on RD in stroke patients and ultimately facilitate individualized recovery therapeutic strategy.
Efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg for weight loss in overweight or obese adults without diabetes: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis including the 2‐year STEP 5 trial
Authors: Qin Wenhui , Yang Jun , Deng Chao , Ruan Qinjuan , Duan Kai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg, administered once a week in non‐diabetic overweight or obese individuals.MethodsA thorough search was performed of various databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, clinicaltrials.gov, CNKI and Wanfang from their inception up to April 11, 2023. Our aim was to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy of semaglutide administered once weekly with placebo in overweight or obese adults. Through a review of the literature, data were extracted from relevant studies and assessed for quality, and a meta‐analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.1 software.ResultsSix RCTs comprising 3962 overweight or obese individuals were identified. The findings indicated that, in comparison to the placebo group, semaglutide caused a significant and sustainable reduction in the percentage of body weight (BW; mean difference [MD]: −11.80% [95% confidence interval {CI} −12.93, −10.68]; P < 0.00001) as well as a decrease in absolute BW (MD: −12.2 kg [95% CI −13.3, −11.1]; P < 0.00001), body mass index (MD: −4.5 kg/m2 [95% CI −4.9, −4.1]; P < 0.00001) and waist circumference (MD:−9.4 cm [95% CI −10.1, −8.8]; P < 0.00001). Moreover, it achieved a higher proportion of patients who experienced weight loss exceeding 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Furthermore, semaglutide showed significant efficacy in controlling blood pressure, blood sugar levels, C‐reactive protein levels, and lipid profiles. In terms of safety, the most common adverse effects following semaglutide treatment were gastrointestinal adverse reactions (risk ratio: 1.49 [95% CI 1.38, 1.60]; P < 0.00001), which were generally mild to moderate in severity and temporary.ConclusionIn overweight or obese non‐diabetic individuals, semaglutide had a remarkable and sustained weight loss effect that was well tolerated and safe.
When populists deliver on their promises: the electoral effects of a large cash transfer programme in Poland
Authors: Gromadzki Jan , Sałach Katarzyna , Brzeziński Michał 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe estimate the effects of the introduction of a large cash transfer programme on support for the ruling populist party in Poland. We exploit the variation at the municipal level in the annual cash transfer amount received per capita, and use a difference‐in‐differences research design to study the electoral effects of the transfer. Our results show that a cash transfer amount of $100 per capita translated into an increase in the vote share for the ruling party of nearly two percentage points. One‐third of additional votes came from new voters coming off the sidelines, and the remaining electoral gains were due to voters who had previously voted for other parties. The effects of the programme are persistent, as we see no decrease in the magnitude of effects seven years after the introduction.
Shipping in the London coal trade, 1700‒1860
Authors: Solar Peter M. , Dunn Oliver Buxton , Kane Aidan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEvidence from more than 40 000 voyages shows that labour productivity growth for sailing ships in the London coal trade was rapid but quite irregular between 1700 and 1860. These granular data permit us to examine various dimensions of change, showing that ships made more voyages per year, had smaller crews, carried more coal per ship ton and had longer working lives. Some changes resulted from what happened on land rather than on the sea, notably a marked reduction in the seasonality of trade as wagonways were built in the northeast in the early eighteenth century and a pronounced dip in voyages per year due to congestion in the port of London during the 1830s and 1840s, partly caused by the operation of the coal cartel. These results for the coal trade suggest that shipping, being neither spectacularly modern nor doggedly traditional, made a respectable contribution to British economic growth.
Testing the selective sequestration hypothesis: Monarch butterflies preferentially sequester plant defences that are less toxic to themselves while maintaining potency to others
Authors: Agrawal Anurag A. , Hastings Amy P. , Duplais Christophe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerbivores that sequester toxins are thought to have cracked the code of plant defences. Nonetheless, coevolutionary theory predicts that plants should evolve toxic variants that also negatively impact specialists. We propose and test the selective sequestration hypothesis, that specialists preferentially sequester compounds that are less toxic to themselves while maintaining toxicity to enemies. Using chemically distinct plants, we show that monarch butterflies sequester only a subset of cardenolides from milkweed leaves that are less potent against their target enzyme (Na+/K+‐ATPase) compared to several dominant cardenolides from leaves. However, sequestered compounds remain highly potent against sensitive Na+/K+‐ATPases found in most predators. We confirmed this differential toxicity with mixtures of purified cardenolides from leaves and butterflies. The genetic basis of monarch adaptation to sequestered cardenolides was also confirmed with transgenic Drosophila that were CRISPR‐edited with the monarch's Na+/K+‐ATPase. Thus, the monarch's selective sequestration appears to reduce self‐harm while maintaining protection from enemies.
Insights from the past: Invasion trajectory and niche trends of a global freshwater invader
Authors: Guareschi S. , Cancellario T. , Oficialdegui F. J. , Clavero M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFreshwater ecosystems are invaded by a non‐random selection of taxa, among which crayfish stand out with successful examples worldwide. Species distribution models (SDMs) have been used to detect suitable areas for invasive species and predict their potential distributions. However, these prediction exercises assume the stability of realized environmental niches, which is uncertain during invasion. Worldwide evaluations involving cosmopolitan invaders may be particularly useful but have seldom been considered. Focusing on the successful invasion history of the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, we assessed its geographic expansion and niche trends over time. Based on global occurrences from 1854 to 2022, multiple sequential SDMs have been implemented based on a set of bioclimatic variables. The environmental suitability for each period was projected through to the next period(s) using an ensemble procedure of commonly used SDM algorithms. As the records of the species are known, it was possible to check whether the modelling projections were concordant with the observed expansion of red swamp crayfish at a global scale. This also permitted analysis of its realized niche, and its dynamics, during different expansion phases. SDM maps based on past species records showed concordance with the known crayfish distributions and yielded similar spatial patterns with outputs overperforming random combinations of cells in term of suitability. The results also reflect the stability of the species niche, which despite some expansions during the invasion process, changed little in terms of main position in functional space over time. SDMs developed in the early stages of invasion provide useful insights but also tend to underpredict the potential range compared to models that were built for later stages. Our approach can be easily transferable to other well‐documented taxa and represents valuable evidence for validating the use of SDMs, considering a highly dynamic world where biogeographical barriers are often bypassed.
Environmental factors controlling biochar climate change mitigation potential in British Columbia's agricultural soils
Authors: Lefebvre David , Cornelis Jean‐Thomas , Meersmans Jeroen , Edgar Jack , Hamilton Morgan , Bi Xiaotao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo combat climate change, carbon dioxide must be prevented from entering the atmosphere or even removed from it. Biochar is one potential practice to sequester carbon, but its climate change mitigation potential depends on a multitude of parameters. Differentiating areas of low and high climate change mitigation through biochar addition is key to maximize its potential and effectively use the available feedstock for its production. This study models the realistic application of 1 metric tonne (t) per hectare (ha) of forest harvest residue derived biochar over the climatically and pedologically diverse agricultural area of British Columbia, Canada, and provides a framework and assumptions for reproducibility in other parts of the world. The model accounts for the direct (input of organic carbon) and indirect (enhanced plant biomass) effects of biochar on soil organic carbon stock, its impact on nitrous oxide emissions from soils, and the avoided emissions from the reduced lime requirement due to biochar's alkalinization potential. Impacts are modelled over 20‐year time horizon to account for the duration and magnitude variation over time of biochar effect on plant biomass and nitrous oxide emissions from soil and conform to the IPCC GWP 20‐year time horizon reporting. The results show that a single application of 1 t of biochar per ha−1 can mitigate between 3 and 5 t CO2e ha−1 over a 20‐year time frame. Applied to the 746,000 ha of agricultural land of British Columbia this translate to the mitigation of a total of 2.5 million metric tonnes (Mt) CO2e over a 20‐year time frame. Further, the results identify agricultural areas in the Lower Mainland region (the southwestern corner of British Columbia) as the area maximizing climate change mitigation potential through biochar addition due to a combination of relative high temperature, high precipitation, and crops with high nitrogen requirement.
New Insights on Micro‐Scale Variations of Geochemical and Oxygen Isotope Compositions in Conodont and Shark Tooth Bioapatite
Authors: Luz Zoneibe , Leu Marc , Baumgartner Lukas , Bouvier Anne‐Sophie , Bucher Hugo , Vennemann Torsten 
Published: November 2023

To help understand bioapatite microstructures and related chemical variations, their impact on O‐isotope compositions measured and give insights on sample preparation, this study analysed conodonts and shark teeth prepared in different orientations through microanalytical and bulk sampling techniques: scanning electron microscopy (SEM); electron probe microanalysis (EPMA); continuous‐flow and high‐temperature reduction – isotope ratio mass spectrometry; and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The SEM and EPMA measurements in conodonts allowed to distinguish the tissues commonly analysed by SIMS, which included albid and hyaline crowns but given their often small‐scale intergrowth, mixtures of these are difficult to avoid. In situ SIMS O‐isotope analyses provided different δ18O values: lower values with higher variance (16 ± 1‰ n = 13, 15.7 ± 1.9‰ n = 11) for mixed albid‐hyaline tissues, and higher, homogeneous values (17.1 ± 0.2‰, n = 13) for mainly hyaline tissues. Recent shark teeth δ18OSIMS value for dentine of the same tooth was 10‰ lower than the mean δ18OSIMS value for enameloid whereas the δ18OPO4 values measured for enameloid and dentine using the HTR method were identical. The variation of δ18O seems sensitive to analytical artefacts related to sample textures, caused during the sample preparation over more porous biomineral surfaces.
Useless bodies? Exploring the ethical potential of art
Authors: Pianezzi Daniela 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the ethical value of artistic artifacts in challenging the unequal valuation of working bodies with a focus on the contemporary art exhibition ‘Useless bodies?’ by Danish artists Michael Elmgreen and Ingar Dragset. Drawing on Judith Butler's work and posthuman theory, particularly Braidotti's contributions, the paper argues that this exhibition exemplifies how art can foster an ethics of interdependency, one that both critiques dynamics of misrecognition and imagines alternative futures. Furthermore, the paper proposes that this affirmative and critical ethics provides theoretical and methodological foundations for work and organization studies, prompting new questions about the significance of embodiment, esthetics, and artifacts for conducting (ethical) research.
Randomized phase I/II study of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor peptide vaccines for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yoshimaru Yoko , Nagaoka Katsuya , Tanaka Kentaro , Narahara Satoshi , Inada Hiroki , Kurano Sotaro , Tokunaga Takayuki , Iio Etsuko , Watanabe Takehisa , Setoyama Hiroko , Tateyama Masakuni , Yoshida Koji , Tsunoda Takuya , Nakamura Yusuke , Tanaka Motohiko , Sasaki Yutaka , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimWe evaluated the safety and efficacy of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)‐targeted peptide vaccines for the immunization of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who had responded to transarterial chemoembolization.MethodsTwenty‐two patients were randomized 1:1 to receive VEGFR‐targeted peptides or placebo. The primary end‐point was the safety assessment of the immunization. The secondary end‐points were evaluation of immunological responses and clinical outcomes.ResultsNo severe adverse events were induced by the study agents. Among the 12 patients in the vaccine group, a VEGFR1‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response was induced in eight (66.7%) patients and a VEGFR2‐specific CTL response was induced in 10 (83.3%). The median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 4.8 and 52.0 months, respectively, in the vaccine group, and 2.7 and 21.8 months, respectively, in the placebo group. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (PFS p = 0.925, OS p = 0.190). When divided into two groups according to immunoreactivity, the median PFS of patients with and without a strong immune response to VEGFR1 were 7.4 and 2.7 months, and that to VEGFR2 were 10.6 and 2.7 months, respectively; there were significant differences according to the immune response.ConclusionsImmunotherapy with peptide vaccines targeting VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 was well tolerated with no serious adverse events. It also effectively induced peptide‐specific CTLs in patients with unresectable HCC.
Analysis of the use of isotretinoin as an adjuvant in rhinoplasty
Authors: Silveira Camila S. C. , Azulay‐Abulafia Luna , Barcaui Elisa O. , Silva Matheus M. M. , Roxo Ana Claudia W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundIsotretinoin has been used in the treatment of acne for decades through the reduction of sebaceous secretion. There are reports in the literature that isotretinoin may be associated with decreased skin thickness, especially in patients with thick nasal skin for whom rhinoplasty can be more challenging. The objective of this study was to quantify, through ultrasonography, the effect of the use of oral isotretinoin in patients undergoing rhinoplasty, pre‐ and postoperatively.MethodsTwenty‐four patients participated in this randomized, single‐blind controlled pilot clinical trial. The intervention group used oral isotretinoin (20 mg/day) for 2 months before rhinoplasty and for 4 months after. Both groups underwent rhinoplasty in the same plastic surgery department and were submitted to high‐frequency (22 MHz) ultrasound evaluation of the epidermis and dermis on the nasal dorsum, nasal tip, and left nose wing at the beginning of the study and 6 months after rhinoplasty, with the aim of assessing changes in skin thickness.ResultsSix months after rhinoplasty, a statistically significant reduction was observed in the thickness of the epidermis and dermis of the nasal dorsum and left nose wing, as well as of the epidermis of the nasal tip, but only in the intervention group. The results of the satisfaction questionnaire were better after rhinoplasty in both groups, with no statistical difference between them regarding the specific questions; however, the intervention group had significantly higher satisfaction scores than the control group.ConclusionsIsotretinoin was effective in reducing the thickness of the skin covering the nose of the evaluated sites.