bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Characteristics of Phase Scintillation Observed at UKM Station in Malaysia
Authors: Seif Aramesh , Panda Sampad Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present a statistical comparison of the seasonal occurrence of ionospheric phase scintillation in the GPS signals at an equatorial region in Malaysia using the ground-based ionospheric monitoring GPS receiver and space-based radio occultation (RO) measurements. The observations were recorded at UKM (2.55°N, 101.461°E) in Malaysia during 2010 using GPS based scintillation and TEC Monitoring setup (GISTM). The space-based measurements were recorded by the FORMOSAT_3/COSMIC (F_3/C) satellites in 2010. The GPS limb-viewing radio occultation technique is an innovative technique that provides ideal geometry to observe vertical ionospheric structures to detect Equatorial Plasma bubbles (EPBs) and Sporadic E layers (Es). Radio waves throughout the irregular equatorial ionosphere are studied to characterize phase scintillations at the L1 frequency in different seasons. Seasonal characteristics of the GPS phase scintillation show it mainly occurs in the equinox months, particularly during March. The results show similar values as the Radio Occultation (RO) observations over UKM station, which demonstrates that March equinox has the maximum occurrence of scintillations with the appearance of EPBs and during June corresponding to the appearance of the Es layer in the ionosphere. We found seasonal characteristics of phase scintillations obtained from the Ground-based station are consistent with seasonal characteristics of amplitude scintillation that occurred from the space-based measurements. Nevertheless, F3/C RO provided an opportunity for concurrent sounding of EPBs and Es characteristic structures across the globe, unlike other traditional ground-based measurements.
Integration Framework Solution for Healthcare Monitoring
Authors: Usharani Shola , Rajakumaran Gayathri , Nandam Anjana Devi , Ibrahim Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Huge volumes of data have flowed in recent years of healthcare research to follow a few factors of a person and inform the guardian in the event of a patient’s emergency. This necessitates the creation of a single platform where consumers may monitor data in real time. This study discusses an interoperable health monitoring system. The module provides the essential chance for patients to obtain all-day service, which may be documented by the doctor and can be notified in the event of an emergency. When a patient requires regular check-ups or long-term home care, this platform comes in handy. It may be accomplished utilizing market sensors and includes monitoring devices that allow patients to be monitored without having to visit a doctor. Because it eliminates the need for data transcription and copying by humans. Because it reduces the need for human data transcription and copying, interoperability helps make patient data more secure. When computer systems are set up for optimum interoperability, with databases and other applications communicating and exchanging information, employees will be more productive. XMPP is an integrating platform for IoT available in open source for uploading instant messaging using generic XML data processing. The XMPP protocols are free and there are several implementations in the form of clients, servers, server components, and code libraries. The work is demonstrated using the XMPP interoperable IoT communication protocol for the health monitoring system..
Performance Study of TENG for Energy Harvesting Application
Authors: Sunithamani S , Arunmetha S. , Poojitha B , Niveditha A , Ankitha B , Lakshmi P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) use the concepts of contacting electrification and electrostatic production from mechanical energy to electrical energy. The premise behind energy harvesting technology is that devices may collect energy from their environment in real-time and utilize it right away, requiring only temporary storage. Compared design strategies for efficient energy harvesting systems in all modes in terms of implementation and experimental results in this work. Air, copper, Nylon, and iron are triboelectric materials used to demonstrate TENG modes’ charging behavior. Examines the performance study of TENG for energy harvesting applications. This technology can be used in Internet of Things (IoT) applications, manufacturing, precision agriculture, and human monitoring for healthcare applications on a smaller scale when significant networking of sensors and actuators is required, and tight and essential energy supply needs exist.
Design of non-contact hand spray for smart sanitization using IoT
Authors: Swathi K. Siva , Vijayalakshmi N. , Prasanna J Lakshmi , Kumar M Ravi , Aswin Kumer S V , Santhosh Chella 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The most recent experience had taught us the importance of hygiene and health care. World had come across the tragic duration of lockdown due to the infectious disease named covid-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. We had faced period of self-isolation for months avoiding the social contact to reduce the rapid spread of disease. That situation had brought tremendous change in people’s life. This pandemic affected each us in various ways. There were many diseases like cholera, plaque, centuries ago showed the world similar effect like covid-19. So, there should be some preventative measures needed to be taken before there could be a chance to takeaway people lives. Our project is a small step towards the self-care, health of people and prevent the Spreading of viral infections, which we accomplished by one of the preventative methods - “Sanitization”. This is one the measure that can be implemented during pandemic periods (example - Corona Virus). This helps to reduce the transmission of virus to some extent and prevents people from being affected.
Exploring storm petrel pattering and sea-anchoring using deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Xue Jiaqi , Han Fei , Klaassen van Oorschot Brett , Clifton Glenna , Fan Dixia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Developing hybrid aerial-aquatic vehicles that can interact with water surfaces while remaining aloft is valuable for various tasks, including ecological monitoring, water quality sampling, and search and rescue operations. Storm petrels are a group of pelagic seabirds that exhibit a unique locomotion pattern known as ‘pattering’ or ‘sea-anchoring,’ which is hypothesized to support forward locomotion and/or stationary posture at the water surface. In this study, we use morphological measurements of three storm petrel species and aero/hydrodynamic models to develop a computational storm petrel model and interact it with a hybrid fluid environment. Using deep reinforcement learning algorithms, we find that the storm petrel model exhibits high maneuverability and stability under a wide range of constant wind velocities after training. We also verify in the simulation that the storm petrel can use its ‘pattering’ or ‘sea-anchoring’ behavior to achieve different biomechanical sub-tasks (e.g. weight support, forward locomotion, stabilization) and adapt it under different wind speeds and optimization objectives. Specifically, we observe an adjustment in storm petrel’s movement patterns as wind velocity increases and quantitively analyze its biomechanics underneath. Our results provide new insights into how storm petrels achieve efficient locomotion and dynamic stability at the air–water interface and adapt their behaviors to different wind velocities and tasks in open environments. Ultimately, our study will guide the design of next-generation biomimetic petrel-inspired robots for tasks requiring proximity to the water interface and efficiency.
Rainfall and topographic position determine tree embolism resistance in Amazônia and Cerrado sites
Authors: Mattos Caio R C , Mazzochini Guilherme G , Rius Bianca F , Penha Deliane , Giacomin Leandro L , Flores Bernardo M , Silva Mateus C , Xavier Rafael O , Nehemy Magali F , Petroni Amanda R , Silva Julliene S G M , Schlickmann Monique B , Rocha Mayda , Rodrigues Gleicy , Costa Soliane S , Barros Fernanda V , Tavares Julia V , Furtado Mariana N , Verona Larissa S , Oliveira-Alves Maria J , Oliveira Rafael S , Fan Ying , Hirota Marina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Droughts are predicted to increase in both frequency and intensity by the end of the 21st century, but ecosystem response is not expected to be uniform across landscapes. Here we assess the importance of the hill-to-valley hydrologic gradient in shaping vegetation embolism resistance under different rainfall regimes using hydraulic functional traits. We demonstrate that rainfall and hydrology modulate together the embolism resistance of tree species in different sites and topographic positions. Although buffered by stable access to groundwater, valley plants are intrinsically more vulnerable to drought-induced embolism than those on hills. In all study sites, the variability in resistance to embolism is higher on hills than on valleys, suggesting that the diversity of strategies to cope with drought is more important for tree communities on hills. When comparing our results with previously published data across the tropics, we show greater variability at the local scale than previously reported. Our results reinforce the urgent need to extend sampling efforts across rainfall regimes and topographic positions to improve the characterization of ecosystem resistance to drought at finer spatial scales.
A frequency-optimised temperature record for the Holocene
Authors: Essell Helen , Krusic Paul J , Esper Jan , Wagner Sebastian , Braconnot Pascale , Jungclaus Johann , Muschitiello Francesco , Oppenheimer Clive , Büntgen Ulf 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Existing global mean surface temperature reconstructions for the Holocene lack high-frequency variability that is essential for contextualising recent trends and extremes in the Earth’s climate system. Here, we isolate and recombine archive-specific climate signals to generate a frequency-optimised record of interannual to multi-millennial temperature changes for the past 12 000 years. Average temperatures before ∼8000 years BP and after ∼4000 years BP were 0.26 (±2.84) °C and 0.07 (±2.11) °C cooler than the long-term mean (0–12 000 years BP), while the Holocene Climate Optimum ∼7000–4000 years BP was 0.40 (±1.86) °C warmer. Biased towards Northern Hemisphere summer temperatures, our multi-proxy record captures the spectral properties of transient Earth system model simulations for the same spatial and season domain. The new frequency-optimised trajectory emphasises the importance and complex interplay of natural climate forcing factors throughout the Holocene, with an approximation of the full range of past temperature changes providing novel insights for policymakers addressing the risks of recent anthropogenic warming.
Association of Amorphophallus gigas on rubber land cover in the Sabungan Village, South Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra
Authors: Rambey R , Rahmawaty  , Rauf A , Nababan E S M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

A. gigas is one of the tallest flowers in the world. A. gigas is an understorey that belongs to the Araceae family. This research was conducted on rubber land cover in the Sabungan Village, North Sumatra. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of A. gigas with other plants around it. This research method was carried out by analysis of vegetation with a plot size of 1 ha (25 plots). The results showed that at the understorey level based on the ochiai association index of amorphophallus with understorey only one species had a very high association, namely Selaginella wildenowii, while the value of Ochiai at other understorey levels was feasible and low. At the seedling level, the association of amorphophallus with plant species at the seedling level was categorized as low and medium. The association of amorphophallus at the sapling level with very high values is the species Macaranga indica. The association of A. gigas at the pole level was Hevea brasiliensis with a very high category, the high category of one species was Macaranga indica. Association of A. gigas at the tree level with a very high category, namely Hevea brasiliensis.
Liquid fertilizer formulation is based on cow urine and its concentration for maize in Indonesia
Authors: Pujiharti Y , Salma S , Barus J , Meithasari D , Sarno  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aims to obtain liquid organic fertilizer (bio-urine) according to the Agriculture Ministry Regulation 70/2011 and determine the bio-urine concentration for maize. The research conducted was on Pesawaran Regency, in Lampung Province, Indonesia, from April 2017 to February 2018. The treatments tested were types four bio-activators and four enrichment materials. The design used was randomized blocks design in a split-plot pattern and three replications. The material above was fermented for four weeks anaerobically and analyzed in the laboratory. The value of the analysis compared with the standard and that close met the requirements, then produced in sufficient quantities for use in field research. The results showed that the bio-urine formulations tested did not meet the technical requirement yet, especially N, P, and K, so research needs to continue. Bio-urine with C content close to the standard is fermented cow urine with bio-activator Agrodeko and added molasse and pineapple enrichment materials. For pH and harmful microbes, these formulas have met the requirements. Apart from that, bio-urine also contains growth hormones of Indole acetic acid and Gibberellin acid. The concentration of bio-urine has no significant effect on the growth and yield of maize. It needs further research with narrow interval concentrations.
Components of genetic of coffee leaf rust symptoms in genotypes of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.)
Authors: Malau S , Sihotang M R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Coffee is a source of income for 100 thousand coffee farmers (households) in the province of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Rust on leaf of coffee (RLC) caused huge loss in income and jobs in coffee producing countries recently. This study was aimed to study genetic components of RLC in genotypes of coffee of Arabica. This research was carried out on the garden of the Agriculture Faculty of Universitas HKBP Nommensen, Medan, Indonesia. Seven genotypes were tested for its resistance. Randomized complete blocks design was used. The result revealed that Genotype P5 from Dairi district and P7 from Toba Samosir district had moderate and high resistance against RLC, respectively. Genotypic variation, advance of genetic and coefficient of heritability in severity of rust on leaf (SRL) were high. RLC parameter were not correlated one another. Based on the high resistance of P7, genotypes performing high resistance could be found among Arabica coffee populations in North Sumatra province.
Distribution and association pattern of Keruing (Dipterocarpus sp.) in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park
Authors: Susilowati A , Elfiati D , Hidayat A , Rangkuti S A , Ginting I M , Rachmat H H , Larekeng S H , Sucipto T , Iswanto A H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Keruing (Dipterocarpus sp.) is a commercially important timber and oil-producing species. Keruing’s wood is of high quality, and its oil is widely used for medicinal purposes. Because of the high price and demand for wood and oil, keruing has become a target for exploitation and causing the population to decrease. Understanding of the keruing population in natural habitats is important for conservation efforts, one of which is in the Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) area. The purpose of this study was to analyze the distribution patterns and associations of keruing in the Tangkahan area of GLNP. These are accomplished through the use of a vegetation analysis method with purposefully defined paths based on the presence of keruing. The Ochiai index (Oi), Dice index (Di), and Jackard index (Ji) were calculated for data analysis, while the Morisita index was used to determine the shape of the distribution pattern. The research reveals three keruing species, namely Dipterocarpus haseltii, Dipterocarpus constulatus, and Dipterocarpus elongataus Korth. The keruing distribution showed different patterns at different growth stages. At the seedling and tree stage, the distribution pattern was clustered, while at the sapling and pole stage were uniform. The three keruing species has weak associations with various surrounding species. The species that has the highest association value is Syzygium fastigiatum, which is 0.22.
Potassium and phosphorus availability due to fertilization of potassium and organic matter for rice in rainfed rice fields
Authors: Chairuman N , Rosmayati  , Hanum H , Jamil A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Serdang Village, Beringin District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, was chosen as the research location held in May-August 2016. This study aims to determine the relationship between potassium and phosphorus availability, nutrient absorption, and grain yield in rainfed rice fields due to planting time, fertilization, and rice varieties. A split-split plot design with two replications was used in the study. The main plot (a planting time): T1: the 10th day of May; T2: the 20th day of May; and T3: the 30th day of May. Subplot (fertilization): K0: control; K1: 50 kg ha−1 KCl; K2: 5 tons ha−1 straw compost; K3: 2.5 tons ha−1 manure + 2.5 tons ha−1 straw compost; K4: 5 tons ha−1 straw compost + 50 kg ha−1 KCl; and K5: 2.5 tons ha−1 manure + 2.5 tons ha−1 straw compost + 50 kg ha−1 KCl. Sub-subplot (rice varieties): V1: Situ Bagendit; V2: Towuti; V3: Batutegi; V4: Inpago-8; V5: Inpago 9; V6: Inpago 10; V7: Ciherang; and V8: Inpari 10. The data were analyzed using regression and correlation tests. Available potassium and phosphorus, and potassium and phosphorus uptake, were positively correlated with grain yields in all rice varieties grown in rainfed rice fields.
Enhanced production of pruned okra plant (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) by applying IAA and Urea fertilizer
Authors: Meiriani  , Lahay R R , Sutra M R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Okra is a vegetable that has a lot of antioxidants. Increasing production of okra crops can be done by improving cultivation techniques. One alternative that can be done is shoots pruning with the aim to increase the growth of more shoots and branches. For more growth lateral shoots needed addition plant growth regulator such as IAA and sufficient nutrient availability, especially nitrogen. This research was conducted to study increasing growth and production of pruned okra plants by applying IAA and urea fertilizer, carried out on Medan Selayang District, Medan from July to October 2021, using a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors, the first factor is IAA (0, 90, 120 and 150 mg/L), the second factor is urea fertilizer (200, 250 and 300 kg/ha). Giving IAA up to 58 mg/L concentration, significantly decreased number of leaves, number of fruits and total fruit weight per plant. The best of leaves number, fruits number and total fruit weight per plant was obtained by application 150 mg/L IAA. Giving urea fertilizer 300 kg/ha significantly increase number of fruits and total fruit weight per plant.
Characteristic of Mahogany leaves as biochar and its effect with Urea fertilization on nitrogen status and growth of corn in Ultisol
Authors: Putri U M , Sarifuddin  , Bintang  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research aims to know the characteristics of mahogany leaves as Biochar and its effect with urea fertilization on N status and growth of Corn (Zea mays L.) in Ultisol. Mahogany Leaves Biochar (MLB) was made using retort pyrolysis method at 409 °C for 3 hours. This research was carried out in a greenhouse used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) by 2 factors and 3 repetitions. Factor I, MLB: B0 (without MLB) and B1 (40 tons MLB/ha) and Factor II, doses of urea: N1 = 100, N2 = 200, N3 = 300 and N4 = 400 kg urea/ha. The results showed MLB has parameters that significantly influenced N uptake, N uptake efficiency, plant height, stem diameter, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight. Urea fertilization had a significant effect on the efficiency of N uptake and the interaction of MLB and Urea had a significant effect on the efficiency of N uptake.
The effect of calcium chloride and sodium benzoate on CPO quality of oil palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) as a source of food and biofuels
Authors: Handayani R S , Bachri N , Rusydi R , Nazaruddin M , Monalisa  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Palm oil yields are often of low quality and quantity. Production quality improvement can be done by preventing damaged or defective products, for example by spraying a solution of calcium chloride and sodium benzoate. This research aimed to determine the effect of calcium chloride and sodium benzoate on the quality of crude palm oil. The research was done at the Fundamentals of Agricultural Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Malikussaleh University, North Aceh Regency. The research was started from September to November 2021. The experimental design used was Factorial Completely Randomized Design. The first factor was Calcium Chloride (C) concentration, 0, 3000, and 4000 ppm. The second factors were Sodium Benzoate (N) concentration, 0, 3000, and 4000 ppm. The results showed that giving a concentration of 3000 ppm sodium benzoate spray was able to reduce the weight loss value of loose fruit and free fatty acids, as well as increase the yield of CPO. There was a very strong relationship between the value of the moisture of the fruit and the level of impurities on the yield produced. For best results it is recommended to use sodium chloride 3000 ppm.
Isolation of partial β-tubulin gene from Balakka (Phyllanthus emblica L.)
Authors: Hannum S , Pahlevi S , Nurwahyuni I , Rahayu S , Hartanto A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Balakka is a medicinal plant with the ability to thrive in arid environments. Despite its potential, Balakka has not been fully utilized in Indonesia due to a lack of information about the plant, including the β-tubulin gene. The β-tubulin gene is a crucial gene in living organisms, frequently used as an internal control or as one of the housekeeping genes that maintain stable expression throughout development. The objective of this study was to isolate and determine the sequence of the β-tubulin gene in Balakka (Phyllanthus emblica L.). Total RNA was extracted from Balakka and converted into cDNA, which was then amplified using β-tubulinG primers. The amplification resulted in a fragment of 252 bp. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a 92% nucleotide similarity with the β-tubulin gene 5 of Ricinus communis, and the fragment was referred to as the partial β-tubulin gene from Phyllanthus emblica (PeTUB). A phylogenetic relationship analysis based on the nucleotide sequence indicated that the partial PeTUB gene grouped with β-tubulin gene 5 from other plants in GenBank, with a genetic distance of 0.082.