bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image‐Feature Based Deep Learning Model for Plant Leaf Disease Detection
Authors: Rani Lekha , Sarangi Pradeepta Kumar , Sahoo Ashok Kumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurrently, everyone is facing significant difficulties with food scarcity. There may be several causes for this, but food loss is a well‐known issue. Specifically, crop losses bring on by plant and leaf diseases during farming operations. Plant disease is typically identified visually or through laboratory testing, which delays detection and reduces crop yields by the time it is finished. The wide use of smartphones along with recent advancements in computer vision has made it viable to diagnose any ailment by applying machine learning techniques. Smartphone‐assisted disease diagnosis is now a reality. In this study, a multi‐Support Vector Machine (SVM) model is used to detect four different diseases as well as healthy conditions of plant leaves. Using 13 feature vectors for each input, a total of 2400 leaves representing four distinct classes (four varieties) have been used to train and test the model. The experimental results give an average accuracy of 91.25% for diseased leaves detection and 99% accuracy for healthy leaves detection.
Thermally Stimulated Luminescence in ZnSe:Ag and ZnSe:(Ag, Gd) Phosphors
Authors: Mishra Pragati , Mishra Ajai Kumar , Oljira Asebe , Pandey Janardan Prasad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith a view to understanding the luminescence mechanism in ZnSe, a systematic study of thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) of UV ray (3650 Å) irradiated ZnSe:Ag and ZnSe:(Ag, Gd) phosphors has been undertaken. TSL glow curves of these phosphors are recorded in the temperature range 110–340 K. The TSL parameters like trap depth, frequency factor, order of kinetics, and capture cross‐section of the glow peaks are evaluated employing Cutie's method, various heating method, and peak shape method.
DFT and Molecular Docking Studies of Two Heterocyclic Chalcone Derivatives
Authors: Shukla Seema , Srivastava Anubha , Tandon Poonam , Singh Rajendra B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe newly synthesized heterocyclic chalcone derivatives 3‐(5‐methyl furan‐2‐yl)‐1‐phenyl prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (MFPP) and 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐(5‐methylfuran‐2‐yl) prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (CPMFP) are recently being recognized for their cytotoxicity and anti‐plant pathogenic fungi activities. The quantum chemical calculations for the above‐mentioned compounds have been performed using B3LYP/6‐311++G (d,p) level of theory to get perceptive information about the molecules. After verifying the drug‐likeness of the title compounds, chemical reactivity has been analyzed through frontier molecular orbital analysis. The quantitative and qualitative description of activity at various sites has been investigated through conceptual DFT approach and molecular electrostatic potential surface analyses, respectively. In‐silico bioactivity studies of these compounds with the main protease (6LU7) present in SARS‐CoV‐2 causing COVID‐19, human breast cancer cell line (6VJ3), plant pathogenic fungi R. Solani (4G9N), and G. Zeae (2L2F) have exposed a reasonable binding affinity and inhibition constant with all these targets.
Evaluation of Properties of Concrete Without Cement Produced Using Fly Ash‐Based Geopolymer
Authors: Disale Anil , Nayak Chittaranjan , Suryawanshi Nagesh , Jadhav Nitin , Jagdale Umesh , Thakare Sunil , Pandey Shri Prakash , Sharma Prakhakar , Saxena Amit , Kate Gunwant 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe use of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in the construction industry is inevitable. The huge production of OPC and its use in infrastructural development pose an environmental impact. Greenhouse gas emitted increases the global temperature and it is an alarming sign to everybody on the planet. Concrete is the most consuming material which is produced by using OPC and it is proven that OPC contributes a lot to CO2 emission. Hence in this study attempt is made to produce concrete by using environment‐friendly material like fly ash along with alkaline activators, which is termed Geo polymer concrete. The by‐product fly ash is widely available worldwide. It is a by‐product of thermal power plants. The use of fly ash in concrete produces less expensive and more cost‐effective concrete than concrete made up using OPC. Due to its high silicate and alumina content, fly ash reacts with an alkaline solution to create an aluminosilicate gel that binds the aggregate and results in high‐quality concrete. Fly ash is finer than cement, it occupies the pores of cement after hydration. This would result in denser concrete which gives higher strength. In comparison to ordinary concrete, fly ash‐based geopolymer concrete offers better resistance to aggressive environments and high temperatures. In the present study, an alkaline activator of molarity 8 is used to prepare geopolymer concrete. The test specimens are cast and cured for 28 days. Test results indicate that an alkaline liquid fly‐ash ratio (0.4) produces higher mechanical properties. Hence, geopolymer concrete produced in this study is found to be cost‐effective and environment friendly.
Phase and Order Behavior of Charged Asymmetric Diblock‐Copolymer Melts in Bulk
Authors: Moirangthem Premjit M. , Shagolsem Lenin S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe phase and order behavior of charged asymmetric diblock‐copolymer melts is studied by using coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulation. One of the blocks is made charged and other one is kept neutral, and the study systematically explores how the charged diblock‐coploymer responses as the charge fraction of the charged block is varied from 10% to 50%. When charge fraction increases, the study finds ordered transitions from interconnected cylinder‐like structures to lamellae, then to gyroid structures. It is also found that domain size of the obtained equilibrium morphology decreases slightly with the increase in charge fraction of the charged block.
Accumulation and Toxicity of Nanoplastics in Photosynthetic‐Species
Authors: Nagar Varad , Mavry Badal , Aseri Vinay , Singh Apoorva , Awasthi Kumud Kant , Awasthi Garima , Sankhla Mahipal Singh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis plastic waste degrades into nanoparticles, which are referred to as nanoplastics (NPs) pollutants, due to faulty reuse and recycling processes. These micro and nano plastic pollutants have the ability to absorb and interact with common pollutants and have a high surface area to volume ratio, which causes serious effects on the environment, especially plants. The size of pollutants is so small that they can cross the biological barriers and affect the cellular and molecular levels. Exposure to nanoplastics in photosynthetic species affects the growth and photosynthesis mechanism of the plants. Nanoplastics also affect humans through intake of the exposed plant materials. These pollutants can be plastic pellets, personal care products, marine coatings, synthetic textiles, etc. Plastic pollutants may enter the human body mainly through contaminated food and water. This review incorporates the toxicity of such pollutant and how their remediation is being done. The focus is also on the advancement of detection and remediation techniques.
Optimization of Graphene Layers Grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2 by Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Matos Angela Luis , Limbu Tej B. , Castillo Ivan , Sultan Muhammad Shehzad , Tripathi Balram , Katiyar Ram S. , Weiner Brad R. , Morell Gerardo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLarge area single and bilayer graphene are grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2 substrates by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) with and without the assistance of Cu foil. The quality and number of graphene layers deposited on the substrate are assessed by Raman Spectroscopy. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is used for assessing the surface topography of the graphene films grown on the Pt/Ti/SiO2 substrates. The microstructure and elemental analyses are performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that bilayer graphene growth is facilitated by a copper foil placed nearby Pt/Ti/SiO2 substrate and by a high filament temperature in the HFCVD reactor. Monolayer graphene grows only when no copper foil is placed near the Pt/Ti/SiO2 substrate at a low filament temperature. The approach paves a novel pathway towards the layer‐controlled growth of graphene on Pt/Ti/SiO2 substrates by HFCVD for frontier applications.
Investigation of Excess Thermo‐Acoustic Behavior of Binary Liquid Mixture with Various Temperatures Using Ultrasonic Technique
Authors: Paulraj Padmavathi , Thangam Gandhi Jeeva Rani , Rexceline Antony Muthu Lucas , Lancy Sreedharan Irudaya Sahaya , Pandey Krishna Kumar , Jawaharlal Poongodi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUltrasonic methods have been very fruitful in studying the physical properties of binary liquid combinations. In this present study, the thermoacoustic behavior of benzyl propionate with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is observed using ultrasound, density, and viscosity at different temperatures between 308 and 328 K with a phase of 10 °C. Benzyl propionate is a sweet‐smelling liquid that is used in the botanical and fruit fragrance industries, as well as in the flavoring of organic products. DMSO is a dipolar aprotic, naturally soluble compound used for slow drug synthesis, device synthesis, and drug delivery to the body. Estimated values such as adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, internal pressure, and free volume are determined from arbitrary ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity data. The same excess parameters of adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, internal pressure, and free volume support finding the nature of the reaction. The sort of interactions has been accounted for utilizing these qualities. In the present work, benzyl propionate with dimethyl sulfoxide has been characterized by using ultrasonic waves and since this wave is a well‐known tool for NDT, so the mixture is properly characterized. These thermoacoustic parameters with different concentrations of DMSO at different temperatures have been used to study the complex formation and binding through intermolecular forces.
Fouling Mitigation by Surface‐Patterned Polymeric Membranes in Water Treatment: A Review of Recent Advancements in Fabrication Techniques
Authors: Chauhan Devandar , Kumar Nagar Prashant , Pandey Kamakshi , Pandey Harsh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe world is constantly challenged regarding managing environmental and ecological contamination due to human and industrial activities. This is because of the constant threat posed by pollution. Nowadays, membrane‐based technology is a growing field, making practically all the separation of foulant from wastewater possible. The membrane fouling resulting from the interaction between the foulant and the membrane surface presents a challenge for the technology in maintaining performance over extended periods of operation. As a result, there is a rising interest in research focusing mainly on creating patterned membrane surfaces that reduce fouling and effectively enhance the surface area. This article comprehensively overviews the most recent and cutting‐edge techniques that can be applied to modify and construct high‐performance patterned membranes suitable for ultrafiltration, microfiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis (UF, MF, NF, and RO) water purification processes. In this study, recent developments in membrane material are dissected, focusing on methods for improving surface chemistry, structure, and hydrodynamics, as well as the consequences of these characteristics on filtering performance.
Perspectives on Tribological Properties of Spray Formed Al–Pb Alloys
Authors: Singh Prabh Simranjit , Mittal Rashmi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article addresses the tribological characteristics and the influence of mechanical work on the porosity of spray formed Al–Si–Pb alloys. Al‐alloys are extensively utilized in industry due to their self‐lubricant qualities, particularly in the bearing company. In the case of immiscible alloys, the spray approach is the most convenient way to adopt since it allows for single‐step fabrication. The spray process has a high cooling rate, which affects the microstructure of alloys and results in equiaxed grain morphology. Spray deposition and several factors affecting to it are discussed here. This study examines the effect of secondary processes such as cold rolling, hot rolling, extrusion, and so on on porosity, hardness, tensile strength, and tribological behavior. A comprehensive knowledge of the principles of spray techniques and their respective influence on tribological properties are discussed in this perspective by comparing the available literatures, and a future scope for better development is emphasized.
Efficient Plastic Waste Recycling Using Polymer
Authors: Nain Vidushi , Shyam Hari Shankar , Gupta Disha , Singh Satendar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study explores the possible uses of polymers to facilitate the more efficient recycling of plastic waste. Recycling plastics has been singled out as one way to mitigate the damaging effects of plastic trash on the environment. However, traditional recycling methods can only go so far, therefore innovative approaches are needed. This research investigates how a variety of polymers may be able to improve recycling operations. The study simulates the recycling procedure and employs experimental analysis to compare the performance of various polymers. Results show that by selecting the right polymers, recycling plastic trash can be made much more efficient, cutting down on both waste and energy consumption. The results have important ramifications for the plastic waste recycling sector and point the way towards fruitful future study in this area.
Luminescence in Zinc Selenide Doped with Sn and (Sn, Dy) Phosphors
Authors: Mishra Ajai K. , Mishra Pragati , Pandey Janardan Prasad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractZinc selenide doped with Sn and (Sn, Dy) phosphors has been prepared by firing the samples in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas. The voltage and frequency dependence of electrolyte brightness has been studied. Voltage dependence of electroluminescence (EL) brightness reveals an acceleration collision mechanism in the Schottky barrier at the metal–semiconductor interfaces. EL and photoluminescence (PL) spectra and thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves of these phosphors have also been recorded to understand the nature and mechanism involved in the luminescence process. The trapping parameters are calculated for the glow curves of these phosphors.
Ion Conducting Polyethylene Oxide‐Based Polymer Electrolyte Dopped with Ionic Liquid‐Trifluoromethanesulfonic Chloride
Authors: Jahangir Ayesha , Singh Pramod K. , Singh Ram Chandra , Punetha Vinay Deep , Rawat Suneyana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn last few decades, polymer electrolyte is the most promising candidate for the fabrication of electrochemical devices. In current work, the influence of adding the room‐temperature ionic liquid (trifluoromethanesulfonic chloride – CClF3O2S) in polyethylene oxide (PEO): ammonium iodide (NH4I) polymer electrolyte has been studied. The IL‐doped polymer electrolyte films are synthesized by solution casting method with varying stoichiometric ratios. Several experimental techniques including optical polarizing microscope, impedance spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Linear sweep voltammetry, Ionic transference number thermal analysis, and electrical conductivity measurements at room temperature have been studied in detail. The complex material's maximum conductivity has been determined to be 3.3 × 10−5 S cm−1 at room temperature. The POM images show the increase in amorphous region which further confirm the improvement in ionic conductivity. Ionic transference number 0.96 shows the system is purely ionic in nature. The ESW of the IL doped polymer electrolyte is also sawed to be 3.32 V which is suitable for the fabrication of electrochemical devices.
Factors Influencing Triage to Rehabilitation in Functional Movement Disorder
Authors: Gilmour Gabriela S. , Langer Laura K. , Bhatt Haseel , MacGillivray Lindsey , Lidstone Sarah C. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTreatment of functional movement disorder (FMD) should be individualized, yet factors determining rehabilitation engagement have not been evaluated. Subspecialty FMD clinics are uniquely poised to explore factors influencing treatment suitability and triage.ObjectivesTo describe our approach and explore factors associated with triage to FMD rehabilitation.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of 158 consecutive patients with FMD seen for integrated assessment by movement disorders neurology and psychiatry, with the purpose of triage to rehabilitation. Demographic and clinical variables were compared between patients triaged to therapy versus no therapy, and logistic regression was used to explore factors predictive of triage outcome. Change in primary outcome scores were analyzed.ResultsSixty‐six patients (42%) were triaged to FMD therapy from July 2019 to December 2021. Patients triaged to therapy were more likely to have a constant movement disorder, gait disorder and/or tremor, hyperarousal, readiness for change, and people pleasing traits. Patients triaged to no therapy demonstrated persistent diagnostic disagreement, an inability to appreciate motor symptom inconsistency, low self‐agency, a propensity to dissociate, and cluster B traits. 90% of patients triaged to rehabilitation had improved outcomes.ConclusionsThe ability to “opt‐in” to FMD rehabilitation relies on different factors than those relevant to establishing a diagnosis. Unlike many other neurological disorders, a triage and treatment planning step is recommended to identify those likely to meaningfully engage at that time. Holistic assessment through a transdisciplinary lens, and working collaboratively with the patient is essential to prioritize symptoms, determine engagement, and identify treatment targets.
Going out and bringing in: Exploring the impact of OFDI on green innovation performance under firms' digital transformation strategies
Authors: Wang Jianlong , Wu Haitao , Liu Yong , Wang Weilong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnder the digital transformation strategy, whether the overseas investment activities of firms can achieve reverse green spillover is significant to their implementation of green and low‐carbon transformation. Accordingly, we examined the impact of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on green technology innovation (GTI) in parent firms under the digital transformation strategy at the micro‐level using a zero‐inflated negative binomial regression (ZINB) model with data from Chinese A‐share listed firms for 2000–2021. The study shows that (1) OFDI is beneficial to the growth of the parent firm's GTI. The results of both the instrumental variables approach and robustness tests support the baseline findings. (2) The scale, competitive, and human capital effects are the three micro‐mechanisms through which OFDI drives GTI. (3) Digital transformation has a positive moderating effect on OFDI and GTI, implying that digital transformation reinforces the reverse green spillover effect of OFDI. (4) The results of heterogeneity analysis show that state‐owned firms and firms with overseas executives have a more outstanding contribution of OFDI to GTI, and the moderating effect of digital transformation is more significant. This study provides micro‐level theoretical and empirical experiences on the green innovation effects of firms' digital transformation and overseas investment strategies.
Electric vehicle smart charging with network expansion planning using hybrid COA‐CCG‐DLNN approach
Authors: Rahila J. , Soundra Devi G. , Radhika A. , Singh Gurkirpal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntegrating network expansion planning into electric vehicle (EV) smart charging solutions involves designing scalable infrastructure to accommodate the growing demand for electric mobility while considering grid capacity and energy distribution efficiency. This paper proposes a hybrid approach for EV smart charging with network expansion planning. The hybrid technique is the joint execution of the coati optimization algorithm (COA) and cascade‐correlation‐growing deep learning neural network, commonly known as the COA‐CCG‐DLNN technique. The objective of the proposed method is to minimize the cost of charging EVs, and it forecasts the best course of action. EV charging with network expansion is based on vehicle‐to‐building (V2B), vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G), and grid‐to‐vehicle (G2V). The COA approach is used to minimize the cost of EV charging and the CCG‐DLNN approach is used to predict the optimal solution for the system. The proposed method is executed on the MATLAB platform and is compared with existing techniques like particle swarm optimization (PSO), heap‐based optimization (HBO), and wild horse optimization (WHO). The proposed method achieves a low cost of $1.33 and a high accuracy of 99.5% compared with other existing techniques. The performance metrics for the proposed method include 2996.348 as the best result, 3000.100 as the mean, 3001.261 as the worst, and a standard deviation of 1.160348, along with a median of 2998.816, all of which outperform other existing methods.
Impact of Ergonomics on Muscle Fatigue During Surgical Drilling Using Surface Electromyography
Authors: Joo Henry H. , Formeister Eric , Pozin Michael , Fatollahkhani Paria Arfa , Carey John , Raghavan Preeti , Galaiya Deepa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between ergonomic positions and electromyographic muscle activity during otologic drilling.Study DesignCross‐over experimental trial.SettingTertiary Academic Medical Center.MethodsSurgeon participants were tasked with delicate eggshell drilling in 3 different seated positions: “neutral,” “slouched,” and “craned.” Surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors recorded the amplitude and frequency of muscle activity. The joint analysis of spectrum and amplitude (JASA) method, which combines temporal trends in frequency and amplitude, was used to identify trials that exhibited patterns of fatigue.ResultsThe sEMG amplitude and frequency responses demonstrated wide temporal changes. In a majority of experiments, amplitude increased over the course of the experiment, while frequency remained more stable. On analysis of variance testing, only the mean frequency of the deltoid differed significantly between postures (P = .02). Under the JASA framework, external carpi radialis and upper trapezius experienced fatigue in nearly half of the trials regardless of position (47% vs 49%). The upper trapezius demonstrated fatigue during 46% and 69% of the “craned” and “slouched” trials, respectively, compared to just 31% of the “neutral” trials. Fewer attendings demonstrated upper trapezius fatigue compared to trainees (33% vs 62%). Female surgeons experienced fatigue in more trials than male counterparts (73% vs 25%).ConclusionThis study highlights a first step in quantifying the relationship between operating postures and muscle fatigue. Results suggest that specific muscle groups are more susceptible to fatigue; gender and experience may also impact muscle activity.