bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta-analysis and review on genetic mapping of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iraq
Authors: Musafer Karar N. J. , Rava Mohammad , Chobok Ali Sabah , Shamsuddin Shaharum , Al-Mousawi Masar Riyadh Rashid , Hayup Fahrul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing rapidly in Iraq over the past few decades. Identifying the most significant factors contributing to the development of T2DM is crucial to reducing its prevalence in this region. Genetics and epigenetics have been shown to play a role in the initiation of T2DM, making it essential to study the genetic variations of diabetic patients to identify common biomarkers associated with this disorder in Iraq.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data to identify potential pathological indicators associated with T2DM in Iraq. We searched various databases and included studies that reported the association between genetic biomarkers and T2DM in Iraqi patients. We then analyzed the data using a random-effects model to estimate the overall effect size and identify the most common biomarkers associated with the risk of T2DM.

Results
We identified 31 explored genes in 41 studies that exhibited the most common biomarkers with a strong association with the risk of T2DM in Iraq. Our exploration embraced genomic, demographic, and sensitivity analyses, enriching insights.

Conclusions
Our study provides valuable insight into the genetic SNPs associated with T2DM in Iraq and offers a foundation for future research in this area. The identified SNPs can help in the development of personalized treatment options, leading to better disease management and improved patient outcomes. The study also highlights the need for further investigation into potential genetic SNPs and factors that may contribute to the development of T2DM in Iraq. While our study is limited by the sample sizes of some of the included studies, it provides a starting point for researchers seeking to identify common diagnostic markers for T2DM in Iraq.
Recent Bendamustine Treatment Before Apheresis Has a Negative Impact on Outcomes in Patients With Large B-Cell Lymphoma Receiving Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy
Authors: Iacoboni Gloria , Navarro Víctor , Martín-López Ana África , Rejeski Kai , Kwon Mi , Jalowiec Katarzyna Aleksandra , Amat Paula , Reguera-Ortega Juan Luis , Gallur Laura , Blumenberg Viktoria , Gutiérrez-Herrero Sara , Roddie Claire , Benzaquén Ana , Delgado-Serrano Javier , Sánchez-Salinas Mario Andrés , Bailén Rebeca , Carpio Cecilia , López-Corral Lucia , Hernani Rafael , Bastos Mariana , O'Reilly Maeve , Martín-Martín Lourdes , Subklewe Marion , Barba Pere 
Published: October 2023

PURPOSE Approximately 30%-40% of patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) infused with CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells achieve durable responses. Consensus guidelines suggest avoiding bendamustine before apheresis, but specific data in this setting are lacking. We report distinct outcomes after CAR T-cell therapy according to previous bendamustine exposure. METHODS The study included CAR T-cell recipients from seven European sites. Safety, efficacy, and CAR T-cell expansion kinetics were analyzed according to preapheresis bendamustine exposure. Additional studies on the impact of the washout period and bendamustine dose were performed. Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM) analyses were carried out for all efficacy comparisons between bendamustine-exposed and bendamustine-naïve patients. RESULTS The study included 439 patients with R/R LBCL infused with CD19-targeted commercial CAR T cells, of whom 80 had received bendamustine before apheresis. Exposed patients had significantly lower CD3+ cells and platelets at apheresis. These patients had a lower overall response rate (ORR, 53% v 72%; P < .01), a shorter progression-free survival (PFS, 3.1 v 6.2 months; P = .04), and overall survival (OS, 10.3 v 23.5 months; P = .01) in comparison with the bendamustine-naïve group. Following adjustment methods for baseline variables, these differences were mitigated. Focusing on the impact of bendamustine washout before apheresis, those with recent (<9 months) exposure (N = 42) displayed a lower ORR (40% v 72%; P < .01), shorter PFS (1.3 v 6.2 months; P < .01), and OS (4.6 v 23.5 months; P < .01) in comparison with bendamustine-naïve patients. These differences remained significant after IPTW and PSM analysis. Conversely, the cumulative dose of bendamustine before apheresis did not affect CAR-T efficacy outcomes. CONCLUSION Recent bendamustine exposure before apheresis was associated with negative treatment outcomes after CD19-targeted CAR T-cell therapy and should be therefore avoided in CAR T-cell candidates.
Supraglottic Jet Oxygenation and Ventilation to Minimize Hypoxia in Patients Receiving Flexible Bronchoscopy Under Deep Sedation: A 3-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wei Juan , Zhang Xiaowei , Min Keting , Zhou Huanping , Shi Xuan , Deng Huimin , Mo Wei , Wei Huafeng , Gu Yang , Lv Xin 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Hypoxia often occurs due to shared airway and anesthetic sedation-induced hypoventilation in patients receiving flexible bronchoscopy (FB) under deep sedation. Previous evidence has shown that supraglottic jet oxygenation and ventilation (SJOV) via Wei nasal jet tube (WNJ) reduces the incidence of hypoxia during FB. This study aimed to investigate the extent to which SJOV via WNJ could decrease the incidence of hypoxia in patients under deep sedation as compared to oxygen supplementation via WNJ alone or nasal catheter (NC) for oxygen supplementation during FB.

METHODS:
This was a single-center 3-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT). Adult patients scheduled to undergo FB were randomly assigned to 3 groups: NC (oxygen supplementation via NC), low-pressure low-flow (LPLF) (low-pressure oxygen supplementation via WNJ alone), or SJOV (high-pressure oxygen supplementation via WNJ). The primary outcome was hypoxia (defined as peripheral saturation of oxygen [Spo
2] <90% lasting more than 5 seconds) during FB. Secondary outcomes included subclinical respiratory depression or severe hypoxia, and rescue interventions specifically performed for hypoxia treatment. Other evaluated outcomes were sore throat, xerostomia, nasal bleeding, and SJOV-related barotraumatic events.

RESULTS:
One hundred and thirty-two randomized patients were included in 3 interventions (n = 44 in each), and all were included in the final analysis under intention to treat. Hypoxia occurred in 4 of 44 patients (9.1%) allocated to SJOV, compared to 38 of 44 patients (86%) allocated to NC, with a relative risk (RR) for hypoxia, 0.11; 98% confidence interval (CI), 0.02–0.51; P < .001; or to 27 of 44 patients (61%) allocated to LPLF, with RR for hypoxia, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.04–0.61; P < .001, respectively. The percentage of subclinical respiratory depression was also significantly diminished in patients with SJOV (39%) compared with patients with NC (100%) or patients with LPLF (96%), both P < .001. In SJOV, no severe hypoxia event occurred. More remedial interventions for hypoxia were needed in the patients with NC. Higher risk of xerostomia was observed in patients with SJOV. No severe adverse event was observed throughout the study.

CONCLUSIONS:
SJOV via WNJ effectively reduces the incidence of hypoxia during FB under deep sedation.
A case of mistaken identity
Authors: Berdine Gilbert , Ramos Jose 
Published: October 2023

Images that demonstrate large and obvious abnormalities sometimes distract the provider from the careful review necessary to make the correct diagnosis. In situations in which the differential diagnosis has a leading diagnosis that is correct almost all time, it is easy to be misled by more obvious possibilities, failing to spend enough time to see the important details, and pursuing therapy that might not result in a good patient outcome. The purpose of this case report is to help readers from making analogous errors in future cases similar to this one.

Key words: pleural effusion, endobronchial obstruction, lung cancer, complications, chest tube
Housing and husbandry refinement in laboratory setting:

The domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus)
Authors: Colitti Katerina 
Published: October 2023

Under
Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, animals of certain species used in researchare recognised as sentient beings and entitled to specific protections. In relevant part, regulations require the consideration of replacing protected animals with non-sentient alternatives to the greatest possible extent, the reduction in the number of animals, and the refinement of all aspects of experimental design. Applying these principles is not only necessary to fulfil our legal and ethical obligations; doing so results in better science by,
inter alia, reducing stress and increasing the reliability of experimental results.
This presentation discusses housing and husbandry refinements in research context in relation to the domestic cat,
felis silvestris catus. It covers the size and type of housing and the resources that should be provided to each animal, including not only food, water, and litter, butalso sleeping/resting and enrichment opportunities. It underscores the importance of following a set schedule, carrying out husbandry and research tasks in a calm and considerate way, and providingregular opportunities for positive social interactions with conspecifics and human handlers. It further discusses the interplay between housing and husbandry withtraining, health, and stress. It identifiespotential pitfalls and proposes solutions, and closes with a few observations on potential avenues for additional research.
Evaluating the validity evidence surrounding use of value-added models to evaluate teachers: A systematic review
Authors: Amrein-Beardsley Audrey , Ryan Lavery Matthew , Holloway Jessica , Pivovarova Margarita , L. Hahs-Vaughn Debbie 
Published: October 2023

Local education agencies (LEAs) continue to use value-added models (VAMs) for teacher evaluation policies and purposes, often with consequences attached. Although the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) provides more flexibility to LEAs, few have discontinued VAM use, suggesting they interpret VAMs as a valid measure of teacher effectiveness. In this systematic review, we used a framework built on the Standards of Educational and Psychological Testing (AERA et al., 2014) to examine validity evidence contained in 75 articles published in high-quality, peer-reviewed journals in which article authors supported or challenged user interpretations and uses of VAMs. Results with implications for educational policy are presented.
PTX3 promotes IVIG resistance-induced endothelial injury in Kawasaki disease by regulating the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Sun Ye , Liu Lihua , Yang Ruihua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance leads to serious complications in Kawasaki disease (KD) with no effective treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). PTX3 levels were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blotting. Cell viability was detected using the MTT assay. Biological functions were analyzed using CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, TUNEL, and qRT-PCR. The levels of factors of the NF-κB pathway were examined using western blotting. The results demonstrated that PTX3 expression was highest in patients and HCAECs with IVIG-resistance. Knockdown of PTX3 promoted proliferation and suppressed apoptosis and inflammation of IVIG-resistant HCAECs, whereas PTX3 overexpression produced the opposite results. Moreover, PTX3 activated the NF-κB pathway in IVIG-resistant HCAECs. A rescue study showed that PTX3 modulated biological behaviors by regulating the NF-κB pathway. Overall, our findings demonstrate that PTX3 promotes IVIG resistance-induced endothelial injury by activating the NF-κB pathway, suggesting that PTX3 may become a novel therapeutic target for patients with IVIG-resistant KD.
Fatigue behaviour of Kevlar/carbon/basalt fibre-reinforced SiC nanofiller particulate hybrid epoxy composite
Authors: Raja Thandavamoorthy , Mohanavel Vinayagam , Velmurugan Palanivel , Seeniappan Kaliappan , Singh Durgesh Pratap , Djearamane Sinouvassane , Tey Lai-Hock , Wong Ling Shing , Kayarohanam Saminathan , Obaid Sami Al , Alfarraj Saleh , Sivakumar Subpiramaniyam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is vital to conduct research on the behaviour of natural fibre composites under cyclic loading in order to have confidence in the mechanical durability. During this study, the fabrication of composite laminates will be carried out by the hybridization effect of natural and synthetic fibres. Quantifying the impact that the SiC filler (10, 20, and 30 g) has when combined with the fibre reinforcement and epoxy matrix (275 g) under cyclic loading circumstances and determining the significant sequence of hybrid composites are the goals of this research. The results of the tensile mode were used to determine the input parameters, and based on the tensile strength of the hybrid composite, 70% of the tensile strength was fixed at 3 Hz frequency as the input for fatigue analysis. The life span was then determined for the hybrid composite. The results of this fatigue test showed that increasing the amount of SiC nanofillers produced a very high potential output for the fatigue test. As a result of increasing the amount of silicon carbide fillers from 10 to 30 g, sample S3 was able to significantly tolerate 65% more life. Failure mode can be identified from scanning electron microscope analysis revealing the major porosity, matrix crack, and laminate bonding strength that causes the failure during fatigue analysis.
Minimal-time problems for linear control systems on homogeneous spaces of low-dimensional solvable nonnilpotent Lie groups
Authors: Da Silva Adriano , Torreblanca Maria , Apaza Edgar , Bedoya Yaan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this article, we are concerned with minimal-time optimal problems for the class of controllable linear control system on low-dimensional nonnilpotent solvable Lie groups and their homogeneous spaces.
Reactive oxygen species within the vaginal space: An additional promoter of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and uterine cervical cancer development?
Authors: Despot Albert , Fureš Rajko , Despot Ana-Marija , Mikuš Mislav , Zlopaša Gordan , D’Amato Antonio , Chiantera Vito , Serra Pietro , Etrusco Andrea , Laganà Antonio Simone 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Uterine cervical intraepithelial abnormalities and cancer development may also depend upon biological problems that arise as a result of complex molecular disturbances within the vaginal space, in addition to the widely known causative effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Chronic oxidative stress is a consequence of oxygen reduction in the vaginal space. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals are yet unrecognizable causative agents and are probably very important factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cancer development. The intermediate compounds of oxygen reduction on these metabolic pathways are superoxide anion (

O

2

˙
−

{\text{O}}_{2}^{ \textdotaccent -}

), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxide ions (OH−), and hydroxyl radical (HO˙). Considering these points, the aim of this work was to summarize how these compounds can damage all molecules, including DNA, of vulnerable metaplastic cervical epithelium. Finally, in some women with a poor immune defense system, ROS alone or accompanied by a high-risk HPV type may promote all levels of CIN and cancer development.
Fast and accurate electromagnetic field calculation for substrate-supported metasurfaces using the discrete dipole approximation
Authors: Liu Weilin , McLeod Euan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Metasurface design tends to be tedious and time-consuming based on sweeping geometric parameters. Common numerical simulation techniques are slow for large areas, ultra-fine grids, and/or three-dimensional simulations. Simulation time can be reduced by combining the principle of the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) with analytical solutions for light scattered by a dipole near a flat surface. The DDA has rarely been used in metasurface design, and comprehensive benchmarking comparisons are lacking. Here, we compare the accuracy and speed of three DDA methods—substrate discretization, two-dimensional Cartesian Green’s functions, and one-dimensional (1D) cylindrical Green’s functions—against the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. We find that the 1D cylindrical approach performs best. For example, the s-polarized field scattered from a silica-substrate-supported 600 × 180 × 60 nm gold elliptic nanocylinder discretized into 642 dipoles is computed with 0.78 % pattern error and 6.54 % net power error within 294 s, which is 6 times faster than FDTD. Our 1D cylindrical approach takes advantage of parallel processing and also gives transmitted field solutions, which, to the best of our knowledge, is not found in existing tools. We also examine the differences among four polarizability models: Clausius–Mossotti, radiation reaction, lattice dispersion relation, and digitized Green’s function, finding that the radiation reaction dipole model performs best in terms of pattern error, while the digitized Green’s function has the lowest power error.
A typology of the localism-regionalism nexus
Authors: Barak Nir 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cities are traditionally characterized as a sub-unit of the state that functions as a socioeconomic node. However, global trends in recent decades indicate that cities are gradually acquiring a semi-independent political role, challenging and contesting the nation state`s authority. Into the twenty-first century, cities` actions in global politics (e.g., supranational city-based networks) and within the state (e.g., sanctuary cities) indicate that they aspire to attain or even directly claim more political autonomy. However, achieving these localist goals sometimes warrants regional cooperation with neighboring municipal jurisdictions, thereby engendering ad-hoc and bottom-up regionalisms. Addressing this phenomenon theoretically, this Article analyzes three empirically and conceptually distinct types of the localist-regionalist nexus, demonstrating different rationales: (1) regional cooperation supporting localist innovation independent of state intervention; (2) regional cooperation supporting localist contestation of state policies; and (3) regional solidarity in the face of national tensions. Based on recent examples from Israel, it analyzes these three types along with their political and normative implications. Despite various discrepancies and possible tensions between localism and regionalism, the main conclusion emerging from this Article is that these two principles are not mutually exclusive. Moreover, although there are legal, institutional, political, and ideological tensions between them, the analysis suggests a third way between localism or regionalism. Likewise, some types of regionalization may act as a mechanism or tactic to support and deepen localist agendas.
An Efficient and Robust Multi Directional Deep Learning Based Licence Plate Recognition
Authors: Sharma Niresh , Namdeo Varsha 
Published: October 2023

Smart cities must have all the important characteristics to achieve their intended goals. Proper traffic management and controlling, increased surveillance and safety, and enhanced management and avoidance of incidents must be the priorities of smart cities. Meanwhile, license plate recognition (LPR) has become the most debatable topic in the research community due to various real-time applications, such as “law enforcement, toll-free processing, access control, and traffic surveillance.” Automated LPR is a technique based on computer vision to recognize vehicles with their number plates. This study discusses various “Deep Learning based LPR” techniques to detect and identify “alphanumeric characters” in number plate. The projected model works on “license based detection” and “character recognition.” This technique uses “Optical Character Recognition (OCR)” technology to detect and extract the alphanumerical numbers from the license plate. This study is based on secondary data collected from various studies conducted on Licence Plate Recognition using various Deep Learning models published in databases like Google Scholar, Science Direct, NCBI, etc. Deep learning has been used widely in applications related to computer vision in recent years with great perfection. It is a great solution for modern and traditional image processing, object detection, and feature extraction issues. It has been widely used in different stages of LPR like character segmentation, license plate recognition, and OCR.
Alterations in voxel based morphometry and resting state functional connectivity in men with compulsive sexual behavior disorder in the Sex@Brain study
Authors: Engel Jannis , Gkavanozi Athina , Veit Maria , Kneer Jonas , Kruger Tillmann H.C. , Sinke Christopher 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimCompulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is a new category in ICD-11. Research examining underlying brain mechanisms is sparse. Research into neurobiological differences can be helpful in advancing the possibilities of new diagnostic approaches and therapeutic methods. The present study aimed to examine brain matter volume and resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in CSBD.MethodsStructural and rs-FC magnetic resonance imaging and data from questionnaires were collected in 30 men with CSBD and 32 age- and education-matched controls. Whole brain voxel based morphometry (VBM) and seed based rs-FC in a-priori defined seeds were analyzed.ResultsStructural analyses showed that men with CSBD had significantly increased gray matter volume in the right cerebellum, middle occipital and superior frontal lobe. No differences in rs-FC could be detected when using these brain structures as seed regions in rs-FC. In contrast, literature based rs-FC analysis revealed decreased rs-FC between the right orbital middle frontal cortex (mOFC) and the right gyrus rectus, as well as between left pallidum and right post/precentral gyrus in men with CSBD. In the left amygdala we observed increased rs-FC with precuneus in this group. In addition, most of these measures correlated with symptom severity.ConclusionStructural findings may underscore the idea that the cerebellum plays an important role in sexual arousal and CSBD. Perhaps, a simultaneous activation of the left amygdala and the precuneus reflects a constant sexual occupation of men with CSBD. Furthermore, lower connectivity between mOFC and gyrus rectus in CSBD may support the assumption that sexual stimuli are evaluated more positively because inhibition is decreased.