bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographically and Anatomopathologically Detectable Node Metastases in the Lateral Compartment as Indicators of Worse Relapse‐free Survival in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Ito Yasuhiro , Tomoda Chisato , Uruno Takashi , Takamura Yuuki , Miya Akihiro , Kobayashi Kaoru , Matsuzuka Fumio , Kuma Kanji , Miyauchi Akira 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe recent prevalence of ultrasonography has made it easier to detect lymph node metastasis in the lateral compartment of patients with thyroid carcinoma. In this study, we investigated the prognostic impact of lateral node metastasis preoperatively detectable by ultrasonography (US) and metastasis diagnosed by pathology examination but not detected on preoperative US [anatomopathologically (AP)‐detectable metastasis] in 560 patients with papillary carcinoma >1 cm in diameter, who underwent thyroidectomy with modified radical neck dissection at our hospital. Patients with US‐detectable metastasis (US+ patients) showed a significantly worse relapse‐free survival (RFS) rate than those with no metastasis (US−/AP− patients) or AP‐detectable metastasis (US−/AP+ patients) regardless of tumor size. Furthermore, the RFS of US‐/AP+ patients with tumors >2 cm was worse than that of US−/AP− patients with tumors >2 cm or US−/AP+ patients with tumors measuring 1.1–2.0 cm. There was no significant difference in RFS between US−/AP+ and US−/AP− patients with tumors measuring 1.1–2.0 cm. These findings suggest that US‐detectable lateral metastasis predicts a worse RFS for patients regardless of tumor size, and AP‐detectable metastasis affects the RFS of patients with tumors >2 cm.
Intra‐abdominal and Retroperitoneal Lymphangiomas in Pediatric and Adult Patients
Authors: Goh Brian K. P. , Tan Yu‐Meng , Ong Hock‐Soo , Chui Chan‐Hon , Ooi London L.P.J. , Chow Pierce K.H. , E.L. Tan. Carolyn , Wong Wai‐Keong 
Published: June 2005

AbstractIntra‐abdominal and retroperitoneal lymphangiomas are a rare, congenital malformations of the lymphatics, which are found predominantly in children. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical features of this tumor, highlighting the differences in adults and pediatric patients. We also evaluate the preoperative diagnosis, radiological features, surgical treatment, and outcome of this rare condition. Between 1990 and 2004, 14 patients who underwent surgical resection of an intra‐abdominal lymphangioma were reviewed retrospectively. There were five pediatric patients between fetal age and 17 years of age and nine adults between 31 and 62 years of age. Overall, females outnumbered males in the series, with a male‐to‐female ratio of 3:4. However, males predominated in the pediatric age group with a male‐to‐female ratio of 1.5:1. The clinical presentation of children was more acute ranging from 3 days to 2 months. In adults, four patients were asymptomatic, and the remaining five had symptom duration ranging from 2 weeks to a year. The lymphangiomas occurred in the mesentery (n = 4), retroperitoneum (n = 4), omentum (n = 3), pancreas (n = 2), and spleen (n = 1). All the patients underwent total surgical resection with or without organ resection, and there were no recurrences at a median follow‐up of 2 years (range; 3 months–13 years). This series demonstrates that abdominal lymphangiomas have a male preponderance and present more acutely in pediatric patients, whereas in adults, female patients predominate and the history is more chronic.
Perforated Peptic Ulcer Treated by Simple Closure and Helicobacter Pylori Eradication
Authors: Rodríguez‐Sanjuán Juan C. , Fernández‐Santiago Roberto , García Rosa A. , Trugeda Soledad , Seco Isabel , de Torre Fernando la , Naranjo Angel , Gómez‐Fleitas Manuel 
Published: June 2005

AbstractSimple closure followed by Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication has become the most used procedure in perforated ulcer treatment. However, its efficacy and safety are still to be determined. To assess recurrence and re‐perforation rates, and as a secondary objective, to analyze Hp infection rates in perforated ulcer patients and controls, we conducted a prospective study. Ninety‐two consecutive patients (ages: 19–96 years) were operated on between 1996 and 2002, and treated by simple closure followed by Hp eradication and NSAID avoidance. The data were prospectively collected in a database. Hp infection was diagnosed in 68 patients (73.9%). Thirty‐four patients (37%) consumed nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and 23 (25%) had both Hp infection and NSAID antecedents. The perforation was gastric in 4 cases and pre‐pyloric, pyloric or duodenal in 88. There were postoperative complications in 24 patients (26%) and 4 patients died (4.3%). Hp eradication was shown in 46 patients. There was clinical ulcer recurrence in 4 (4.3%); in 3 of them recurrence manifested as re‐perforation, all in gastric locations. Overall relapse and re‐perforation 1‐year crude rates were 6.1% and 4.1%, respectively. Crude rates for non‐gastric ulcer recurrence were 0 at 1 year and 2.6% at 2 years and for non‐gastric ulcer re‐perforation rates were 0 at 1 and 2 years. This therapeutic strategy is associated with a low rate of recurrence and no re‐perforations in case of duodenal, pyloric, or pre‐pyloric perforated ulcers, but it is not acceptable for perforated gastric ulcers.
Elective Inguinal Hernia Repair with Mesh: Is there a Need for Antibiotic Prophylaxis? — A Review
Authors: Biswas Seema 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAlthough it is widely accepted that antibiotic prophylaxis is indicated in elective mesh repair of inguinal hernia, the evidence for its value has been controversial. A recent Cochrane meta‐analysis showed that there is insufficient data overall to demonstrate a clear advantage of prophylaxis and illustrated the classic problem in evidence‐based medicine where a lack of evidence in support of an intervention may be interpreted as a reason not to implement it. This review of the literature evaluates the evidence for the effectiveness of intravenous antibiotics as prophylaxis in inguinal hernia repair with mesh. Pubmed and Embase searches revealed seven trials of antibiotic prophylaxis in mesh repair of inguinal hernia. The quality of the evidence and the limitations of the seven trials are discussed. Analysis of these seven trials adds to the Cochrane meta‐analysis of Sanchez‐Manuel and Seco‐Gil. Only two of the trials support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, and those were the only double‐blind randomized controlled trials reviewed. In evidence‐based medicine the absence of evidence in clear support of an intervention (as in this review, where only two of the seven trials support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis) may be taken as reason not to implement the intervention. It is possible, however, that what is needed to clarify the issue are further randomized controlled trials, rigorously performed and recruiting significantly larger numbers of patients.
Emergency Major Abdominal Surgery in Patients over 85 Years of Age
Authors: Zerbib Ph. , Kulick J. F. , Lebuffe G. , Khoury‐Helou A. , Plenier I. , Chambon J. P. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the outcome and prognostic parameters of patients over 85 years of age undergoing major abdominal emergency surgery. The medical records of 45 consecutive patients aged over 85 years who underwent major abdominal emergency surgery between May 1999 and November 2001 were reviewed. The mean patient age was 88 years. Eight patients were American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) IV or V, 21 were ASA III, and 16 were ASA I or II. We performed 38 median and 7 right subcostal laparotomies. Perioperative mortality was 26.6% (3 times higher than that of the overall population at the same age). Perioperative complications occured in 29.5% of patients. Ten patients returned home after surgery, of whom 70% remained alive at the end of the study. Twenty‐three left the hospital for a long‐term care institution or post‐acute care unit: of these 20% remained alive at the end of the study. Among ASA I or II patients, 43.7% remained alive at the end of the study, although 18.7% died within 1 month of the surgery. Among ASA III, IV, or V patients, only 17.2% remained alive at the end of the study, and 34.5% died within 1 month of the surgery. None of patients classified as ASA IV or V survived for more than 6 month after surgery. With an overall mortality rate of about 30%, and with the clear correlation between increased mortality and higher ASA scores, the place of palliative treatment must remain a major consideration for patients in this age group classified ASA III or higher. When surgery is performed, early return home, should be encouraged.
Dopamine‐secreting Pheochromocytomas: In Search of a Syndrome
Authors: Dubois Luc A. , Gray Daryl K. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractPheochromocytomas rarely produce dopamine as the only catecholamine. Two cases are reported here, and a review of the literature was conducted. Unlike norepinephrine‐and epinephrine‐secreting tumors, dopamine‐secreting pheochromocytomas lack a classic clinical presentation and are often asymptomatic. Urinary and serum metabolites cannot be relied on to make the diagnosis, and serum or urine dopamine levels (or both) must be measured when dealing with a potential pheochromocytoma. Dopamine‐secreting tumors are less likely to enhance with metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scanning and may benefit from the use of positron emission tomography. Treatment is en bloc surgical excision; but unlike other pheochromocytomas, α‐blockade is not indicated as it may lead to hypotension and cardiovascular collapse. Metyrosine is a medication that can be useful for preoperative control of symptoms from these tumors. The function of metyrosine is to block dopamine synthesis; it has no α‐blocking effect. This medication is an option for controlling symptoms but should not be used routinely in these patients. The prognosis for patients with these tumors is worse than for those with an epinephrine‐ and norepinephrine‐secreting tumor. Because of their asymptomatic nature, dopamine‐secreting pheochromocytomas tend to be detected later and are more likely to be malignant at the time of diagnosis.
Arterial Reconstruction during Pancreatoduodenectomy in Patients with Celiac Axis Stenosis—Utility of Doppler Ultrasonography
Authors: Nara Satoshi , Sakamoto Yoshihiro , Shimada Kazuaki , Sano Tsuyoshi , Kosuge Tomoo , Takahashi Yuh , Onaya Hiroaki , Yamamoto Junji 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCeliac axis stenosis is found at an incidence of 2%–24% in the general population. During pancreatoduodenectomy in patients with celiac axis stenosis, division of the gastroduodenal artery from the common hepatic artery may cause acute ischemia of the upper abdominal organs, such as the liver, stomach, or spleen. Under these circumstances, the clinical indications of arterial reconstruction remain controversial. Between 1994 and 2003, seven patients with celiac axis stenosis (n = 4) or occlusion (n = 3) underwent pancreatoduodenectomy at our hospital. Arterial reconstruction, including division of the median arcuate ligament, was conducted in two patients; the replaced right hepatic artery was preserved in one patient, and no vascular refinement was undertaken in the remaining four of the seven patients. In two of the four patients without arterial reconstruction or preservation, the serum levels of liver enzymes were markedly elevated (> 800 IU/l) on postoperative day 1, and these patients subsequently developed liver abscesses. Two patients who underwent arterial reconstruction and three patients who showed no decrease in intrahepatic arterial flow under Doppler ultrasonography after clamping of the gastroduodenal artery developed no ischemic complications. Although our experience is limited, when intraoperative Doppler ultrasonography indicates a decrease in the hepatic arterial signals, we believe that reconstruction of the hepatic artery will be necessary to minimize ischemic complications in the liver in patients with celiac axis stenosis.
Influence of Surgery‐related Factors on Quality of Life after Esophageal or Cardia Cancer Resection
Authors: Viklund Pernilla , Lindblad Mats , Lagergren Jesper 
Published: June 2005

AbstractKnowledge of how factors related to esophageal cancer resection affect long‐term quality of life after surgery is scarce, and no population‐based studies are available. Therefore, we conducted a Swedish nationwide, prospective, population‐based study of how esophageal surgery–related factors influence quality of life 6 months postoperatively. The Swedish Esophageal and Cardia Cancer register (SECC‐register) encompasses 174 hospital departments (97%). Microscopically radically operated patients responded to a validated written questionnaire assessing quality of life. The basic questionnaire (QLQ‐C30) and the esophagus‐specific module (OES‐24) were developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. The Mann‐Whitney test, the Jonckheere‐Terpstras test, and logistic regression were used in statistical analyses. Among 100 included patients, the occurrence of surgery‐related complications was the main predictor of reduced global quality of life 6 months after surgery (p for trend = 0.03). This effect remained after adjustment for potential confounding variables. Except for anastomotic strictures, each of the predefined complications—i.e., anastomotic leakage, infections, cardiopulmonary complications, and operative technical complications—contributed to decreased quality‐of‐life scores. Other potentially relevant factors—e.g. degree of lymph node dissection, resection margins, operative blood loss or duration, and hospital type—did not significantly affect quality of life. In conclusion, any measures that can reduce the risk of major surgery–related complications can decrease the negative impact on quality of life after esophageal cancer surgery. More population‐based studies are warranted, however.
Establishment and characterization of endothelial cell lines from the aorta of miniature pig for the study of xenotransplantation
Authors: Kim Donghee , Kim Jae Young , Koh Hyun Sook , Lee Jung Pyo , Kim Young Tae , Kang Hee Jung , Hwang Woo Suk , Kim Yoon Berm , Lee Jung Sang , Ahn Curie 
Published: June 2005

AbstractPig endothelial cells are the first cells to interact with human immune components after organ xenotransplantation, which is a procedure currently considered to be the best treatment option for end‐stage organ failure. It is, therefore, essential to study the mechanisms of molecular interaction between pig endothelial cells and human immune components, in order to overcome xenograft rejection. The aim of this study was to establish immortalized pig aortic endothelial cell lines, in order to facilitate future in vitro studies of human anti‐pig immune responses. Endothelial cell lines were established following the transfection of primary endothelial cells isolated from the aortas of the Minnesota miniature pig with plasmid pRNS‐1 carrying genes for neomycin resistance and the SV40 large T antigen. The immortalized cell lines showed a relatively rapid doubling time (17.6 h) and the endothelial cell phenotype, as indicated by the formation of typical cobblestone monolayers and by the constitutive expression of PECAM‐1 and the von Willebrand factor. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the constitutive expression of SLA class I and CD86, whereas the expression of E‐selectin and SLA class II was only induced after stimulation with human TNF‐α and pig IFN‐γ, respectively. On the other hand, no CD80 expression was detected in the primary cells or cell lines in the presence or absence of either human TNF‐α or pig IFN‐γ. A vigorous human T cell proliferation against these cell lines was observed in the mixed lymphocyte—endothelial cell culture. These results suggest that pig endothelial cells, immortalized by the introduction of SV40 T, retain their original characteristics, except for the acquired property of immortalization, and that they may be useful for future in vitro studies of xenogeneic human anti‐pig immune responses.
In vitro hematopoietic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells induced by co‐culture with human bone marrow stromal cells and low dose cytokines
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhao Hui‐Ping , Lin Ge , Xie Chang‐Qing , Nie Dong‐Song , Wang Qi‐Ru , Lu Guang‐Xiu 
Published: June 2005

AbstractHuman embryonic stem (hES) cells randomly differentiate into multiple cell types during embryoid body (EB) development and limited studies have focused on directed hematopoietic differentiation. Here, we report that the treatment of hES cells during EBs development with a combination of low dose hematopoietic cytokines, including stem cell factor (SCF), Flt‐3 ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs), generated cell clusters that contained 8.81% KDR‐positive hemangioblasts, 9.94% CD34‐positive hematopoietic stem cells and 25.7% CD45‐positive mature hematopoietic cells, and expressed hematopoietic genes such as KDR, stem cell leukemia (scl) and runt‐related transcription factor 1 (Runx1). We provide the first evidence for the role of the cytokine—hBMSCs combination in promoting hematopoietic differentiation of hES cells, and thus provide the potential for generation of hematopoietic cells, as well as for understanding early developmental events that govern the initiation of hematopoiesis in humans.
Gene transfection and expression in a primary culture of mammary epithelial cells isolated from lactating sows
Authors: Sun Y.L. , Lin C.S. , Chou Y.C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractPorcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs) were isolated from lactating sow mammary glands and cultured on a matrix gel. Primary culture cells expressed significant amounts of the specific marker cytokeratin as determined by immunohistochemistry, and exhibited mammary‐specific functions, such as transcription of α‐lactalbumin, β‐casein and β‐lactoglobulin genes. They also formed mammospheres when the medium was supplemented with lactogenic hormones. The PMECs were used to study gene transfer and expression in vitro. A gene encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was used as a reporter and two constructs were investigated, pEGFP‐N1 (a vector constructed with a CMV promoter followed by the EGFP gene) and pGB562/GFP (a mammary gland‐specific expression vector with regulatory sequences from the goat β‐casein gene linked to EGFP). The efficiency of DNA transfer into the cultured PMECs was about 20–30%. GFP expression in the pGB562/GFP‐transfected PMECs was markedly stimulated by prolactin supplements in the medium. The established PMECs maintained optimal gene expression from 1 to 20 passages and appeared to provide an efficient and convenient system for assessing the expression of transgenes containing mammary gland‐specific promoters.
Protective effect of ginkgo biloba against gossypol‐induced apoptosis in human lymphocytes
Authors: Ergun Ufuk , Yurtcu Erkan , Ergun Mehmet Ali 
Published: June 2005

AbstractGinkgo biloba (EGb 761) is a well‐defined plant extract that directly scavenges hydroxyl radicals. It is a potent antioxidant that inhibits apoptosis in cultured cells and is effective in treating mild‐to‐moderate dementia in Alzheimer patients. Apoptosis is an active process of cell destruction and it plays an important role in pathological processes. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti‐apoptotic effect of EGb 761 in gossypol‐treated human lymphocytes. Pretreatment of lymphocytes with 10 μg/ml EGb 761 for 30 min or 1 h decreased the percentage of apoptosis to 17.5% and 20%, respectively. EGb 761 treatment (25–150 μg/ml) decreased the level of apoptosis to a plateau between 8 and 10% of the control values. We conclude that EGb 761 reduces gossypol‐induced apoptosis in human lymphocytes.
A daily process design study of attentional pain control strategies in the self‐management of cancer pain
Authors: Buck Rhiannon , Morley Stephen 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis study investigated the use of attentional control strategies in the self‐management of pain using daily process design methodology. Twenty six cancer patients with pain completed diaries 3 times daily for 10 days. Diaries incorporated measures of pain intensity, affect, coping, coping efficacy, and the novelty and predictability of pain, and participants completed a cross‐sectional measure of catastrophizing. At the across‐person level, focusing on pain was associated with increased negative affect, and the use of pain focusing strategies was positively correlated with experiencing pain that was novel in its location or quality. Distractions that were interesting, important and pleasant were positively correlated with positive affect, perceptions of control over pain and ability to decrease pain. Over‐prediction of pain was positively correlated with catastrophizing, and negatively correlated with perceptions of control over and ability to decrease pain. The within‐person analysis (ARIMA modelling) showed that catastrophizing moderated the effects of pain focusing strategies, novel pain and over‐predictions of pain. Meta‐analysis of the ARIMA models revealed that the within‐person effects of using attentional strategies did not generalize across the sample. These findings indicated that the effects of distraction strategies are influenced by their motivational‐affective significance rather than the frequency with which they are used, and provided further evidence that the threat value of pain influences the way in which people cope with their pain. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
Lacosamide displays potent antinociceptive effects in animal models for inflammatory pain
Authors: Stöhr Thomas , Krause Eva , Selve Norma 
Published: June 2005

AbstractLacosamide is a functionalized amino acid which was initially synthesized as an antiepileptic drug. In addition to its broad anti‐seizure activity, lacosamide was shown to display efficacy in animal models for neuropathic pain and is currently in phase III clinical development for the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. In order to further profile its antinociceptive properties, the effects of lacosamide on inflammatory pain in the formalin test, the carrageenan model and the adjuvant‐induced arthritis model were investigated.For the formalin test, mice received an intraplantar injection of formalin and the subsequent licking response was measured over 45 min. Lacosamide was administered 30 min before formalin. For the carrageenan model, mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were assessed 3 h following an intraplantar injection of carrageenan. Lacosamide was administered to rats 30 min before pain threshold measurements. For the adjuvant‐induced arthritis test rats received intraplantar injections of Freund's complete adjuvant into the right hindpaw which lead to the development of arthritic symptoms in all animals tested for antinociception. On day 11 after arthritis induction, mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed by the modified Randall Selitto paw pressure test following acute treatment with lacosamide.Lacosamide dose‐dependently attenuated mechanical hyperalgesia following carrageenan injection and in rats suffering from Freund's complete adjuvant‐induced arthritis. Moreover, thermal hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan as well as the formalin‐induced licking response were dose‐dependently attenuated by lacosamide.These results suggest lacosamide may be active against various forms of acute and chronic inflammatory pain in humans.