bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational Identification of Novel Antibody‐Drug Conjugate with High Bystander Killing Effect against Heterogeneous Tumors
Authors: Guo Yu , Shen Zheyuan , Zhao Wenbin , Lu Jialiang , Song Yi , Shen Liteng , Lu Yang , Wu Mingfei , Shi Qiuqiu , Zhuang Weihao , Qiu Yueping , Sheng Jianpeng , Zhou Zhan , Fang Luo , Che Jinxin , Dong Xiaowu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBystander‐killing payloads can significantly overcome the tumor heterogeneity issue and enhance the clinical potential of antibody‐drug conjugates (ADC), but the rational design and identification of effective bystander warheads constrain the broader implementation of this strategy. Here, graph attention networks (GAT) are constructed for a rational bystander killing scoring model and ADC construction workflow for the first time. To generate efficient bystander‐killing payloads, this model is utilized for score‐directed exatecan derivatives design. Among them, Ed9, the most potent payload with satisfactory permeability and bioactivity, is further used to construct ADC. Through linker optimization and conjugation, novel ADCs are constructed that perform excellent anti‐tumor efficacy and bystander‐killing effect in vivo and in vitro. The optimal conjugate T‐VEd9 exhibited therapeutic efficacy superior to DS‐8201 against heterogeneous tumors. These results demonstrate that the effective scoring approach can pave the way for the discovery of novel ADC with promising bystander payloads to combat tumor heterogeneity.
2D Ionic Liquid‐Like State of Charged Rare‐Earth Clusters on a Metal Surface
Authors: Trainer Daniel , Lee Alex Taekyung , Sarkar Sanjoy , Singh Vijay , Cheng Xinyue , Dandu Naveen K. , Latt Kyaw Zin , Wang Shaoze , Ajayi Tolulope Michael , Premarathna Sineth , Facemyer David , Curtiss Larry A. , Ulloa Sergio E. , Ngo Anh T. , Masson Eric , Hla Saw Wai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRare‐earth complexes are vital for separation chemistry and useful in many advanced applications including emission and energy upconversion. Here, 2D rare‐earth clusters having net charges are formed on a metal surface, enabling investigations of their structural and electronic properties on a one‐cluster‐at‐a‐time basis using scanning tunneling microscopy. While these ionic complexes are highly mobile on the surface at ≈100 K, their mobility is greatly reduced at 5 K and reveals stable and self‐limiting clusters. In each cluster, a pair of charged rare‐earth complexes formed by electrostatic and dispersive interactions act as a basic unit, and the clusters are chiral. Unlike other non‐ionic molecular clusters formed on the surfaces, these rare‐earth clusters show mechanical stability. Moreover, their high mobility on the surface suggests that they are in a 2D liquid‐like state.
Unraveling the Mechanism of the Light‐Triggered Synaptic Plasticity in Organic Photoelectric Synaptic Transistors
Authors: Zhang Cong , Zhang Mingxin , Lin Fengyuan , Zhao Guodong , Wei Zhipeng , Ni Yanping , Li Juntong , Yu Hongyan , Zhao Xiaoli , Tong Yanhong , Tang Qingxin , Liu Yichun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLight‐triggered synaptic plasticity (LTSP) induced by electron trapping in organic photoelectric synaptic transistors (OPSTs) offers potential prospects in neuromorphic wearable artificial intelligence. However, a consistent and universal comprehend for LTSP behaviors especially on oxygen effect in OPSTs is still a critical challenge hindering their practical applications. A mechanism on strong dependency between the oxygen‐induced and polar‐group electron trapping in OPSTs, is successfully unveiled in this study for the first time. And the interaction between the oxygen and polar dielectric interface can be enhanced by properly modulating the specific surface area of thin‐film semiconductors. This effectively binds the oxygen near conducting channel and further improves the trapping efficiency for photogenerated electrons, undergoing the time‐dependent photocurrent generation and subsequent prolonged decay, forming the typical LTSP behaviors. These experimental demonstrations differ from previous reports and therefore may contribute an innovative perspective in the design of functional layers for high‐performance OPST devices.
Gold nanoclusters encapsulated microneedle patches with antibacterial and self‐monitoring capacities for wound management
Authors: Yi Kexin , Yu Yunru , Fan Lu , Wang Li , Wang Yu , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe management of infected wounds is always of great significance and urgency in clinical and biomedical fields. Recent efforts in this area are focusing on the development of functional wound patches with effective antibacterial, drug delivery, and sensor properties. Here, we present novel hyaluronic acid (HA) microneedle patches with these features by encapsulating aminobenzeneboronic acid‐modified gold nanoclusters (A‐GNCs) for infected wound management. The A‐GNCs loaded microneedle patches were derived from negative‐mold replication and showed high mechanical strength to penetrate the skin. The release of the A‐GNCs was realized by the degradation of HA, and the self‐monitor of the released actives was based on the dynamic bright orange fluorescence emitted from A‐GNCs under ultraviolet radiation. As the A‐GNCs could destroy bacteria membranes, the microneedle patches were with excellent in vitro antibiosis ability. Based on these features, we have demonstrated the bacteria inhibition, residual drug self‐monitoring, and wound healing promotion abilities of the microneedle patches in Escherichia coli‐ or Staphylococcus aureus‐infected wound management. These results indicated the great potential of such A‐GNCs loaded microneedle patches for clinical applications.
Essential thrombocythemia: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Vannucchi Alessandro Maria , Barbui Tiziano 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOverviewEssential thrombocythemia is a Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation‐prevalent myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by clonal thrombocytosis; clinical course is often indolent but might be interrupted by thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications, microcirculatory symptoms (e.g., headaches, lightheadedness, and acral paresthesias), and, less frequently, by disease transformation into myelofibrosis (MF) or acute myeloid leukemia.DiagnosisIn addition to thrombocytosis (platelets ≥450 × 109/L), formal diagnosis requires the exclusion of other myeloid neoplasms, including prefibrotic MF, polycythemia vera, chronic myeloid leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis. Bone marrow morphology typically shows increased number of mature‐appearing megakaryocytes distributed in loose clusters.Genetics: Approximately 80% of patients express myeloproliferative neoplasm driver mutations (JAK2, CALR, MPL), in a mutually exclusive manner; in addition, about 50% harbor other mutations, the most frequent being TET2 (9%–11%), ASXL1 (7%–20%), DNMT3A (7%), and SF3B1 (5%). Abnormal karyotype is seen in <10% of patients and includes +9/20q−/13q‐.Survival and PrognosisLife expectancy is less than that of the control population. Median survival is approximately 18 years but exceeds >35 years in younger patients. The triple A survival risk model, based on Age, Absolute neutrophil count, and Absolute lymphocyte count, effectively delineates high‐, intermediate‐1‐, intermediate‐2‐, and low‐risk disease with corresponding median survivals of 8, 14, 21, and 47 years.Risk Factors for ThrombosisFour risk categories are considered: very low (age ≤60 years, no thrombosis history, JAK2 wild‐type), low (same as very low but JAK2 mutation present), intermediate (same as low but age >60 years), and high (thrombosis history or age >60 years with JAK2 mutation).Mutations and PrognosisMPL and CALR‐1 mutations have been associated with increased risk of MF transformation; spliceosome with inferior overall and MF‐free survival; TP53 with leukemic transformation, and JAK2V617F with thrombosis. Leukemic transformation rate at 10 years is <1% but might be higher in JAK2‐mutated patients with extreme thrombocytosis and those with abnormal karyotype.TreatmentThe main goal of therapy is to prevent thrombosis. In this regard, once‐daily low‐dose aspirin is advised for all patients and twice daily for low‐risk disease. Cytoreductive therapy is advised for high‐risk and optional for intermediate‐risk disease. First‐line cytoreductive drugs of choice are hydroxyurea and pegylated interferon‐α and second‐line busulfan.Additional ContentThe current review includes specific treatment strategies in the context of extreme thrombocytosis, pregnancy, splanchnic vein thrombosis, perioperative care, and post‐essential thrombocythemia MF, as well as new investigational drugs.
Cognition and saccadic eye movement performance are impaired in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Cvancara David J. , Wood Heather A. , Aboueisha Mohamed , Marshall Thomas B. , Kao Tzu‐Cheg , Phillips James O. , Humphreys Ian M. , Abuzeid Waleed M. , Lehmann Ashton E. , Kojima Yoshiko , Jafari Aria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can experience cognitive dysfunction. The literature on this topic mostly reflects patient‐reported measurements. Our goal was to assess cognitive function in patients with CRS using objective measures, including saccadic eye movements—a behavioral response reflecting cognitive and sensory information integration that is often compromised in conditions with impaired cognition.MethodsParticipants (N = 24 with CRS, N = 23 non‐CRS healthy controls) enrolled from rhinology clinic underwent sinonasal evaluation, quality of life assessment (Sino‐nasal Outcome Test 22 [SNOT‐22]), and cognitive assessment with the Neuro‐QOL Cognitive Function‐Short Form, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and recording of eye movements using video‐oculography.ResultsParticipants with CRS were more likely to report cognitive dysfunction (Neuro‐QOL; 45.8% vs. 8.7%; p = 0.005) and demonstrate mild or greater cognitive impairment (MoCA; 41.7% vs. 8.7%; p = 0.005) than controls. Additionally, participants with CRS performed worse on the MoCA overall and within the executive functioning and memory domains (all p < 0.05) and on the anti‐saccade (p = 0.014) and delay saccade (p = 0.044) eye movement tasks. Poorer performance on the MoCA (r = −0.422; p = 0.003) and the anti‐saccade (r = −0.347; p = 0.017) and delay saccade (r = −0.419; p = 0.004) eye movement tasks correlated with worse CRS severity according to SNOT‐22 scores.ConclusionThis study is the first to utilize objective eye movement assessments in addition to researcher‐administered cognitive testing in patients with CRS. These patients demonstrated a high prevalence of cognitive dysfunction, most notably within executive functioning and memory domains, with the degree of dysfunction correlating with the severity of CRS.
ChatGPT‐4 performance in rhinology: A clinical case series
Authors: Radulesco Thomas , Saibene Alberto Maria , Michel Justin , Vaira Luigi Angelo , Lechien Jérôme R. 
Published: January 2024

Key points
Chatbot Generative Pre‐trained Transformer (ChatGPT)‐4 indicated more than twice additional examinations than practitioners in the management of clinical cases in rhinology.
The consistency between ChatGPT‐4 and practitioner in the indication of additional examinations may significantly vary from one examination to another.
The ChatGPT‐4 proposed a plausible and correct primary diagnosis in 62.5% cases, while pertinent and necessary additional examinations and therapeutic regimen were indicated in 7.5%–30.0% and 7.5%–32.5% of cases, respectively.
The stability of ChatGPT‐4 responses is moderate‐to‐high. The performance of ChatGPT‐4 was not influenced by the human‐reported level of difficulty of clinical cases.
Decoding Nanomaterial‐Biosystem Interactions through Machine Learning
Authors: Dhoble Sagar , Wu Tzu‐Hsien , Kenry  
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe interactions between biosystems and nanomaterials regulate most of their theranostic and nanomedicine applications. These nanomaterial‐biosystem interactions are highly complex and influenced by a number of entangled factors, including but not limited to the physicochemical features of nanomaterials, the types and characteristics of the interacting biosystems, and the properties of the surrounding microenvironments. Over the years, different experimental approaches coupled with computational modeling have revealed important insights into these interactions, although many outstanding questions remain unanswered. The emergence of machine learning has provided a timely and unique opportunity to revisit nanomaterial‐biosystem interactions and to further push the boundary of this field. This minireview highlights the development and use of machine learning to decode nanomaterial‐biosystem interactions and provides our perspectives on the current challenges and potential opportunities in this field.
Green Light Promoted Iridium(III)/Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Addition of Alkynes to Aziridinoquinoxalines Through the Intermediacy of Azomethine Ylides
Authors: Zhelavskyi Oleksii , Parikh Seren , Jhang Yin‐Jia , Staples Richard J. , Zimmerman Paul M. , Nagorny Pavel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis manuscript describes the development of alkyne addition to the aziridine moiety of aziridinoquinoxalines using dual Ir(III)/Cu(I) catalytic system under green light‐emitting diode (LED) photolysis (λmax=525 nm). This mild method features high levels of chemo‐ and regioselectivity and was used to generate 30 highly functionalized substituted dihydroquinoxalines in 36–98 % yield. This transformation was also carried asymmetrically using phthalazinamine‐based chiral ligand to provide 9 chiral addition products in 96 : 4 to 86 : 14 e.r. The experimental and quantum chemical explorations of this reaction suggest a mechanism that involves Ir(III)‐catalyzed triplet energy transfer followed by a ring‐opening reaction ultimately leading to the formation of azomethine ylide intermediates. These azomethine intermediates undergo sequential protonation/copper(I) acetylide addition to provide the products.
Dipole Coupling Accelerated H2O Dissociation by Magnesium‐Based Intermetallic Catalysts
Authors: Guan Haotian , Liu Yijia , Hu Xinmeng , Wu Jiazhen , Ye Tian‐Nan , Lu Yangfan , Hosono Hideo , Li Qian , Pan Fusheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe water (H2O) dissociation is critical for various H2O‐associated reactions, including water gas shift, hydrogen evolution reaction and hydrolysis corrosion. While the d‐band center concept offers a catalyst design guideline for H2O activation, it cannot be applied to intermetallic or main group elements‐based systems because Coulomb interaction was not considered. Herein, using hydrolysis corrosion of Mg as an example, we illustrate the critical role of the dipole of the intermetallic catalysts for H2O dissociation. The H2O dissociation kinetics can be enhanced using MgxMey (Me=Co, Ni, Cu, Si and Al) as catalysts, and the hydrogen generation rate of Mg2Ni‐loaded Mg reached 80 times as high as Ni‐loaded Mg. The adsorbed H2O molecules strongly couple with the Mg−Me dipole of MgxMey, lowering the H2O dissociation barrier. The dipole‐based H2O dissociation mechanism is applicable to non‐transition metal‐based systems, such as Mg2Si and Mg17Al12, offering a flexible catalyst design strategy for controllable H2O dissociation.
Probing a Major DNA Weakness: Resolving the Groove and Sequence Selectivity of the Diimine Complex Λ‐[Ru(phen)2phi]2+
Authors: Prieto Otoya Tayler D. , McQuaid Kane T. , Hennessy Joseph , Menounou Georgia , Gibney Alex , Paterson Neil G. , Cardin David J. , Kellett Andrew , Cardin Christine J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe grooves of DNA provide recognition sites for many nucleic acid binding proteins and anticancer drugs such as the covalently binding cisplatin. Here we report a crystal structure showing, for the first time, groove selectivity by an intercalating ruthenium complex. The complex Λ‐[Ru(phen)2phi]2+, where phi=9,10‐phenanthrenediimine, is bound to the DNA decamer duplex d(CCGGTACCGG)2. The structure shows that the metal complex is symmetrically bound in the major groove at the central TA/TA step, and asymmetrically bound in the minor groove at the adjacent GG/CC steps. A third type of binding links the strands, in which each terminal cytosine base stacks with one phen ligand. The overall binding stoichiometry is four Ru complexes per duplex. Complementary biophysical measurements confirm the binding preference for the Λ‐enantiomer and show a high affinity for TA/TA steps and, more generally, TA‐rich sequences. A striking enantiospecific elevation of melting temperatures is found for oligonucleotides which include the TATA box sequence.
Enantioselective Synthesis of the 1,3‐Dienyl‐5‐Alkyl‐6‐Oxy Motif: Method Development and Total Synthesis
Authors: Wang Jie , Guo Chuning , Liu Yaqian , Ji Yunpeng , Jia Hongli , Li Houhua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe 1,3‐dienyl‐5‐alkyl‐6‐oxy motif is widely found in various types of bioactive natural products. However, present synthesis is mainly non‐asymmetric which relied upon different olefination or transition metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions using enantioenriched precursors. Herein, based upon a newly developed enantioselective α‐alkylation of conjugated polyenoic acids, a variety of 1,3‐dienyl‐5‐alkyl‐6‐oxy motif (with E‐configured internal olefin) was generated as the corresponding α‐adducts in a highly enantioselective and diastereoselective manner. Utilizing 1,3‐dienyl‐5‐alkyl‐6‐oxy motif as key intermediates, we further demonstrated their synthetic potential by expedient total syntheses of three types of natural products (glutarimide antibiotics, α‐pyrone polyketides and Lupin alkaloids) within 4–7 steps.
Concentration of docosahexsaenoic acid from tuna oil by a combination of solvent crystallization and lipase‐catalyzed ethanolysis
Authors: Park Mi Soon , Wee Chido , Lee Junsoo , Kim Byung Hee , Kim Hak‐Ryul , Kim In‐Hwan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was concentrated from tuna oil fatty acid using solvent crystallization combined with lipase‐catalyzed ethanolysis. In the first step, solvent crystallization was carried out to concentrate DHA from tuna oil fatty acid using acetonitrile as a solvent. The optimal conditions of solvent crystallization were the crystallization temperature of −40°C and the fatty acid to solvent ratio of 1:8 (w/v). This step increased the DHA content in the original tuna oil fatty acid from 22% up to 61%. In the second step, lipase‐catalyzed ethanolysis was conducted with DHA‐enriched fatty acid from the first step using Lipozyme RM IM (from Rhizomucor miehei) as a biocatalyst. The optimum conditions of this second step were the reaction temperature of 20°C and the molar ratio of 1:1 (fatty acid to ethanol). Overall, DHA enrichment with purity of 85% was obtained by the two step processes.
Hydrophobically modified nano‐SiO2 in situ loaded on polyurethane foam as a potential carrier for marine oil spill
Authors: Hu Yan , Ren Longfang , Tang Zheng , Qiang Taotao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn order to enhance the oil–water separation properties of polyurethane foam (PFU), hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (H‐SiO2 NPs) were firstly prepared by incorporating long alkyl chains into silica nanoparticles, and then, it was combined with PFU by in situ loading to fabricate a hydrophobic PFU (H‐SiO2 NPs/PUF). When the loading amount of H‐SiO2 NPs was 10%, the water contact angle of the modified foam H‐SiO2 NPs/PUF‐10 reached 147 ± 1°, which proved it was highly hydrophobic. The elongation at break of the foam was increased by 202%, which indicated that it had better resilience and recyclability. In addition, the total pore area and porosity were increased to 16.24 m2/g and 88.43% from 5.46 m2/g and 2.11%, which provided more storage space for adsorption. The oil–water separation experiment showed that the adsorption capacity for most light oils was 11–13 g/g, and that for dichloromethane was as high as 40.5 g/g. After 10 adsorption–desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity only decreased from 15.6 to 14.5 g/g, which was still 93% of the initial adsorption capacity. H‐SiO2 NPs/PUF represents good adsorption capacity, recyclability, and recyclability, so it as a carrier has a potential application in the treatment of marine oil spills.
Enhancing fabrication of hybrid microfluidic devices through silane‐based bonding: A focus on polydimethylsiloxane‐cyclic olefin copolymer and PDMS‐lithium niobate
Authors: Agha Abdulrahman , Dawaymeh Fadi , Alamoodi Nahla , Alazzam Anas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEffective manipulation and control of fluids in microfluidic channels requires robust bonding between the different components. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely employed in microchannel fabrication due to its affordability, biocompatibility, and straightforward fabrication process. However, PDMS's low surface energy poses challenges in bonding with many organic and inorganic substrates, hindering the development of hybrid microfluidic devices. In this study, a simple and versatile three step process is presented for bonding PDMS microchannels with organic (cyclic olefin copolymer (COC)) and inorganic substrates (lithium niobate (LiNbO3)) using plasma activation and a silane coupling agent. Initially, the PDMS surface undergoes oxygen/argon plasma activation, followed by functionalization with (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES). Subsequently, the COC or LiNbO3 is plasma activated and brought into contact with PDMS under a load at a specific temperature. Characterization by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and contact angle measurements confirmed the successful treatment of the substrates. In addition, bonding strength of the fabricated hybrid devices was assessed through leakage and tensile tests. Under optimized conditions (100°C and 4% v/v APTES), PDMS‐COC hybrid microchannels achieved a flow rate of 600 mL/h without leakage and a tensile strength of 562 kPa. Conversely, the PDMS‐ LiNbO3 assembly demonstrated a flow rate of 216 mL/h before leakage, with a tensile strength of 334 kPa. This bonding method exhibits significant potential and versatility for various materials in microfluidic applications, ranging from biomedical research to enhanced oil recovery.