bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Hybrid Nanocarriers of GnRH Peptide‐Modified Chitosan‐Coated Lipid Nanoparticles as a Targeted Chemotherapy for Reproductive‐Related Cancers
Authors: Bunwatcharaphansakun Phichaporn , Yodsanit Nisakorn , Keaswejjareansuk Wisawat , Gonil Pattarapond , Wongkhieo Sudthirak , Jantimaporn Angkana , Kengkittipat Warut , Kaewmalun Somrudee , Sawangrat Nuttawat , Yata Teerapong , Sajomsang Warayuth , Khongkow Mattaka , Namdee Katawut 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCancer stands as a primary contributor to worldwide mortality, especially reproductive‐related cancers (e.g., breast/cervical cancers among females and prostate cancer among males). Chemotherapy is the most common systemic therapy for cancer, but its adverse effects are concerning. Developing effective and new strategies against cancer is necessary to increase their efficacy and minimize their adverse effect. In this work, the novel core‐shell structure of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) was fabricated via a high‐throughput microfluidic for chemotherapy drug delivery. A gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH), a targeting moiety for the overexpressed GnRH receptors (GnRHR) in cancer cells, was conjugated on chitosan (GnRH‐CS) as a shell and used to modify the surface of LNP with doxorubicin loading to form a complex of LNP‐dox‐GnRH (≤ 150 nm, PDI ~0.2). The modified surface enhances the binding affinity of the LNP to the breast and prostate cancer cells. For an in vitro study, we found that LNP‐dox‐GnRH can specifically target the GnRHR‐overexpressing cancer cells (i.e., MCF‐7 and PC‐3) compared with non‐targeted LNP‐dox. Conversely, there was no difference in the targetability between LNP‐dox‐GnRHR and non‐targeted LNP to MDA‐MB‐436, a low GnRHR‐expressing cancer cell. Furthermore, the enhanced anticancer activity of LNP‐dox‐GnRH was observed in both monolayer and spheroid cell cultures. This study highlights the advantages of easy customization of payloads and targeting peptides, requiring only a simple coating process that doesn't need specialized expertise. Its flexibility and efficiency enhance the potential for precision therapies, making it ideal for translational applications in treating reproductive‐related cancers, GnRH‐associated diseases, and other conditions.
Fat‐Free Mass: Friend or Foe to Metabolic Health?
Authors: Oliver Christopher J. , Climstein Mike , Rosic Nedeljka , Bosy‐Westphal Anja , Tinsley Grant , Myers Stephen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundFat mass (FM) and fat‐free mass (FFM) are body composition estimates commonly reported in research studies and clinical settings. Recently, fat‐free mass indexed to height (fat‐free mass index; FFMI) has been shown to be positively associated with impaired insulin sensitivity or insulin resistance. Consequently, hypertrophic resistance training which can increase FFM was also questioned. This paper sets out to evaluate these propositions.MethodsIn this narrative review, we discuss possible reasons that link FFMI to adverse metabolic health outcomes including the limitations of the body composition model that utilizes FFM. The safety of resistance training is also briefly discussed.ResultsApproximately 50% of FFM is comprised of skeletal muscle (SM), with the other 50% being viscera, skin, and bone; FFM and SM cannot be conflated. FFM and fat mass (FM) can both rise with increasing body weight and adiposity, indicating a positive correlation between the two compartments. Risk assessment models not adequately adjusting for this correlation may cause erroneous conclusions, however which way FM and FFM are indexed. Adipose tissue accumulation with weight gain, measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance, can inflate FFM estimates owing to increased connective tissue. Increased adiposity can also result in fat deposition within skeletal muscle disrupting metabolic health. Importantly, non‐skeletal muscle components of the FFM, i.e., the liver and pancreas, both critical in metabolic health, can also be negatively affected by the same lifestyle factors that impact SM. The most frequently used body composition techniques used to estimate FM and FFM cannot detect muscle, liver or pancreas fat infiltration. Prospective evidence demonstrates that resistance training is a safe and effective exercise modality across all ages, especially in older adults experiencing age‐ or disease‐related declines in muscle health.ConclusionsThe association between FFM and insulin resistance is largely an artefact driven by inadequate assessment of skeletal muscle. If FM and FFM are used, at the minimum, they need to be evaluated in context with one another. Body composition methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging, which measures skeletal muscle rather than fat‐free mass, and adipose tissue as well as muscle ectopic fat, are preferred methods. Resistance training is important in achieving and maintaining good health across the lifespan. While strength and power are critical components of resistance training, the reduction of skeletal mass through ageing or disease may require hypertrophic training to mitigate and slow down the progression of this often‐inevitable process.
Cuscuta epithymum extract affects epileptic offspring behaviour and weight after applying preconception immobility stress on parents
Authors: Khavasi Narjes , Ghassemifard Leila , Ramezanikhah Hajar , Sardari Saeed , Saboory Ehsan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionStudies have indicated a link between stress during pregnancy and stress reactivity in offspring. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cuscuta epithymum (CE) extract on seizure and body weight in offspring born to stressed parents (pre‐pregnancy).MethodsMale and female rats were randomly separated into four groups. Then, the animals were subjected to restraint stress once a day for 50 (male) and 15 (female) continuous days. At the same time, rats in the control and stress groups received normal saline while the other two groups received the CE extract. After the stress induction, the control and experimental rats were mated to create eight types of coupling combinations as follows: McFc, McFs, MsFc, MsFs, McFc + EX, McFs + EX, MsFc + EX and MsFs + EX (M, male; F, female; C, control; S, stress; EX, extract). Then, the pups were weighed on postnatal days (PND) 1, 15 and 25. They were also evaluated for pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)‐induced seizure on PND 25.ResultsThe results showed that prolonged parental exposure to stress led to a significant increase in the duration and number of tonic–clonic (TC) seizures, duration of standing on two legs, firmly clinging to the ground, number of head nodding, total score of seizure behaviours and duration of tail rigidity in offspring. Moreover, the onset of the first convulsive behaviour was accelerated. Furthermore, a significantly lower body weight was observed in pre‐conceptionally stressed offspring. However, the CE extract significantly improved these symptoms.ConclusionIt can be concluded that CE administration possibly improves the consequences of pre‐pregnancy stress, as well as seizure behaviours and weight loss in pups.
Optimizing the myofibrillar‐plant proteins emulsion by ultrasound techniques: Improvements in structural and functional properties
Authors: Ijaz Muawuz , Wang Xu , Ren Chi , Hou Chengli , Wang Zhenyu , Li Xin , Zhang Dequan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe integration of myofibrillar proteins with plant proteins has gained substantial consideration in the food industry for producing healthier and more sustainable food products. However, achieving the desired properties of these protein emulsions remains challenging. High‐intensity ultrasound treatment has emerged as a promising method to enhance the structural and functional properties of emulsions. We have explored the previously unexamined potential of ultrasonication with respect to improving the stability of animal‐plant‐based protein emulsions, providing new insights into the interactions of novel protein combinations.RESULTSUltrasonication improved the stability of the myofibrillar protein‐soybean protein isolate (MS), myofibrillar protein‐pea protein (MP) and myofibrillar protein‐hydrolyzed wheat protein (MW) emulsions. Interestingly, the particle size of MS, MP and MW emulsions was significantly reduced with ultrasound treatment for 20 min. Among the three protein combinations, MW presented better stability, as indicated by the higher zeta potential, lower particle size and turbidity values. Moreover, the stability of MW was increased with an increasing ultrasound time.CONCLUSIONThe stability of MW was significantly improved after 10 min of ultrasound treatment as a result of improving the zeta potential, particle size and turbidity values, changing the secondary structure and microstructure of the emulsion. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
CD25 downregulation by tumor exosomal microRNA‐15a promotes interleukin‐17‐producing γδ‐T‐cells‐mediated radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiwei , Xiang Zheng , Zhang Yanmei , Tu Chloe Ran , Huang Chunyu , Chung Yuet , Zhang Wenyue , Wang Manni , Liu Yinping , Tu Wenwei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐17‐producing γδ‐T cells (γδT‐17) are a major source of IL‐17 within the tumor microenvironment and have been shown to influence tumor development and therapy outcomes in various cancers. However, the role and presence of γδT‐17 cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain poorly understood. It is also unclear how these cells might affect radiotherapy, the primary treatment for NPC patients. In this study, we discovered that NPC tumor tissues were rich in γδT‐17 cells. Exosomes released from NPC cells (NPC‐Exos) could direct γδ‐T cells to differentiate into γδT‐17 cells. These NPC‐Exos‐induced γδT‐17 cells were found to enhance radioresistance in NPC, both in vitro and in vivo. Blocking IL‐17 secreted by NPC‐Exos‐induced γδT‐17 cells restored NPC cell sensitivity to radiation and elevated radiation‐induced cell death. Mechanistic studies revealed that NPC‐Exos not only increased the release of IL‐17‐promoting cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐23 from dendritic cells, but also suppressed CD25/IL‐2 signaling in γδ‐T cells, facilitating γδT‐17 differentiation. The suppression of CD25/IL‐2 signaling was driven by microRNA‐15a (miR‐15a) carried by NPC exosomes. Furthermore, miR‐15a inhibitors were able to prevent γδT‐17 induction by NPC‐Exos. Our findings reveal a novel immunoregulatory role of NPC‐Exos and offer potential strategies to combat NPC radioresistance.
Circular RNAs in cancer
Authors: Guo Yang , Huang Qiang , Heng Yu , Zhou Yujuan , Chen Hui , Xu Chengzhi , Wu Chunping , Tao Lei , Zhou Liang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCircular RNA (circRNA), a subtype of noncoding RNA, has emerged as a significant focus in RNA research due to its distinctive covalently closed loop structure. CircRNAs play pivotal roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, functioning through mechanisms such as miRNAs or proteins sponging, regulation of splicing and gene expression, and serving as translation templates, particularly in the context of various cancers. The hallmarks of cancer comprise functional capabilities acquired during carcinogenesis and tumor progression, providing a conceptual framework that elucidates the nature of the malignant transformation. Although numerous studies have elucidated the role of circRNAs in the hallmarks of cancers, their functions in the development of chemoradiotherapy resistance remain unexplored and the clinical applications of circRNA‐based translational therapeutics are still in their infancy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of circRNAs, covering their biogenesis, unique characteristics, functions, and turnover mechanisms. We also summarize the involvement of circRNAs in cancer hallmarks and their clinical relevance as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, especially in thyroid cancer (TC). Considering the potential of circRNAs as biomarkers and the fascination of circRNA‐based therapeutics, the “Ying‐Yang” dynamic regulations of circRNAs in TC warrant vastly dedicated investigations.
Preadult Living Conditions During Sociopolitical Transition in Quebrada Chupacigarro Cemetery (500–400 bc), Supe Valley, Peru: Childhood Morbidity and Sociopolitical Change in Prehistoric Central Andes
Authors: Pezo‐Lanfranco Luis , Barreto Maria Inés , Filippini José , Silva Karoline , Crispín Aldemar , Machacuay Marco , Novoa Pedro , Shady Ruth 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThrough a detailed assessment of nonspecific stress markers in 67 individuals (47 under 8 years old), this paper investigates the health conditions of preadults in Quebrada Chupacigarro Cemetery (QCC), North‐Central Coast of Peru, during the transition between the Middle and Late Formative periods (500–400 bc), a critical time of sociopolitical change in the Central Andes. Our objectives are to determine (i) the nature of preadult morbidity and mortality, (ii) periods of greater vulnerability in the population, and (iii) the etiological factors associated with health–disease processes in this context of population pressure. The results show a high prevalence of anemia‐related stress markers in preadults with a strong selective mortality in < 3.5‐year‐old individuals, and recurrent periods of adult morbidity. These findings indicate exposure to disease because of overcrowding, lack of sanitation and malnourishment, and support the idea of precarious living conditions in the Supe Valley around 500–400 bc.
Porous nonwoven calendered fabrics (membranes) based on electrospun prepolymers of modified polyimides
Authors: Didenko Andrei , Vaganov Gleb , Nesterova Anna , Kamalov Almaz , Lavrentiev Victor , Popova Elena , Kraft Vadim , Anokhina Tatyana , Borisov Ilya , Abalov Ivan , Polotnyanshchikov Konstantin , Ivan'kova Elena , Malakhov Alexandr , Kudryavtsev Vladislav 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe article presents data on the method of obtaining porous nonwoven polyimide fabrics (membranes), their deformation and strength characteristics, heat resistance, and surface properties. The membranes are produced as a result of a multistep processing of copoly(urethane‐imides) prepolymers that includes the synthesis of copoly(urethane‐amiс acids) of a given chemical composition, the molding of nonwoven fabrics (mats) by electrodeposition of copoly(urethane‐amic acids), the compaction of the volumetric structure of electrodeposited nonwoven fabrics by calendering on hot rollers, the thermal cyclization (imidization) of amic acid units of copolymers during calendering to form imides, and the controlled selective thermal destruction of the urethane groups in the copolymers conditioning the transition from poly(urethane‐imides) to polyimides, which is accompanied by the formation of pores in nonwoven polyimide fabrics, resulting in porous polyimide webs with specific properties. In the synthesis of the polymers studied, polycaprolactone diol, 2,4‐toluene diisocyanate, 4,4′‐oxydianiline, pyromellitic dianhydride, and 3,3′,4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride were used. The polymers were characterized using X‐ray, 1H NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and scanning electron spectroscopy. The deformation and strength properties of the nonwoven polyimide fabrics were also determined. Chemical composition of the synthesized polymer systems and the conditions for creating porous polyimide nonwoven fabrics influence the physical properties of the resulting fabrics. Porous polyimide nonwoven fabrics hold promise for the development of advanced filtration materials with enhanced strength, heat resistance, and resistance to aggressive amide solvents, which could be used in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. The nonwoven fabrics are based on copoly(urethane imides) in terms of dimethylformamide (DMF) permeability and phthalocyanine rejection with a diameter of 240 nm. The DMF permeability was 280 kg/m2 h bar, the phthalocyanine rejection was 98%.Highlights
Nonwoven poly(urethane‐amic acid) materials were obtained by electrodeposition.
Nonwovens were rolled at high temperatures and pressure.
The materials were compacted and acquired the structure of poly(urethane‐imides).
Porous polyimide materials were obtained by annealing poly(urethane‐imides).
The obtained materials have the properties of ultrafiltration membranes.
Implementation of Cystic Fibrosis Responsibility, Independence, Self‐Care, Education Program Enhances Cystic Fibrosis Knowledge in Limited Resource Country: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Balcı Merve Selcuk , Gökdemir Yasemin , Eralp Ela Erdem , Ergenekon Almala Pınar , Yegit Cansu Yılmaz , Yanaz Mürüvvet , Gulieva Aynur , Kalyoncu Mine , Karabulut Seyda , Cakar Neval Metin , Uzunoglu Burcu , Tastan Gamze , Kocaman Damla , Coskun Ozge Kenis , Gorgun Ilknur , Messier Randall , Mertz Pamela , Karakoc Fazilet , Karadag Bülent 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCF R.I.S.E is a program that helps people with Cystic Fibrosis (pwCF) transition from pediatric to adult care. In 2022, we adapted it to CF S.O.B.E in Turkish during a training session. This project aims to present the results of the CF S.O.B.E program.MethodsThis study included 81 pwCF aged 16–25, divided into two groups: the standard CF S.O.B.E. group (n = 39) and the modified group (n = 42). The standard group received face‐to‐face education. Both groups participated in online training sessions and received written materials. The knowledge levels were evaluated with Knowledge Assessment Questionnaires (KAQ).ResultsThe standard group showed higher post‐training scores in “Lung Health and Airway Clearance” and “Equipment Maintenance and Infection Control” (p = 0.014 and 0.002). Modified group showed improvements in all KAQs except “Lung Health and Airway Clearance”, “CF‐related Liver Disease,” “Pancreatic Insufficiency and Nutrition,” and “Male Sexual Health.” Regarding Pancreatic Insufficiency & Nutrition and CF‐related Diabetes, individuals with these conditions demonstrated higher pretest scores than those without these conditions (p = 0.01 and 0.002, respectively). Both groups and their parents reported high satisfaction, and healthcare providers endorsed the program's effectiveness.ConclusionOur study demonstrated the CF S.O.B.E program's success in enhancing knowledge, disease management skills, and self‐confidence among pwCF. While the modified CF S.O.B.E program may be suitable for resource‐limited centers, the priority should be to implement the standard program due to its superior outcomes in self‐confidence and disease management. This study lays the foundation for incorporating CF S.O.B.E as a standard practice and evaluating its long‐term clinical impact.
Modeling and Simulation of Acetaminophen Pharmacokinetics and Hepatic Biomarkers After Overdoses of Extended‐Release and Immediate‐Release Formulations in Healthy Adults Using the Quantitative Systems Toxicology Software Platform DILIsym
Authors: Beaudoin James J. , Yang Kyunghee , Howell Brett A. , Kenz Zackary , Lakhani Vinal V. , Woodhead Jeffrey L. , Lai John C. K. , Gelotte Cathy K. , Sista Sury , Atillasoy Evren 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAcetaminophen (APAP) has been formulated as immediate‐, modified‐, and extended‐release tablets (APAP‐IR, ‐MR, and ‐ER, respectively). However, there was concern that APAP‐MR previously available in Europe could form a bezoar after a large overdose, leading to delayed absorption and atypical pharmacokinetics (PK) compared to APAP‐IR, and that current treatment guidelines developed for APAP overdose to prevent severe hepatotoxicity are inappropriate for APAP‐MR. In contrast, APAP‐ER caplets available in the United States are designed with an IR layer and an erodible ER layer. Using modeling and simulation, predicted PK and hepatotoxicity biomarkers following various acute overdose and repeated supratherapeutic ingestion (RSTI) scenarios with APAP‐IR and APAP‐ER were compared to investigate the differences between these two formulations. The existing APAP‐IR representation within DILIsym v8A, a quantitative systems toxicology model of drug‐induced liver injury, was updated, and an APAP‐ER model was developed, using newly acquired in vitro (e.g., tiny‐TIMsg) and clinical data. The model and simulated populations (SimPops) representing healthy adults were extensively validated, before simulating PK and three clinically useful hepatic biomarkers after various overdose scenarios. On average, APAP exposure after acute overdose and RSTI in healthy adults was predicted to be slightly lower for APAP‐ER compared to APAP‐IR, partially due to lower APAP absorption for APAP‐ER, while not markedly impacting the expected time course of APAP plasma concentrations. Similar hepatic biomarker profiles were predicted for both APAP formulations. Based on these results, the APAP overdose consensus treatment guidelines updated in 2023 are not further impacted by this report.
Spatial variability of near‐surface air temperature in the Copernicus Arctic regional reanalysis
Authors: Remes Teresa , Køltzow Morten , Kähnert Marvin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study investigates spatial variability of near‐surface air temperature at scales of tens of kilometres in the European Arctic, using the Copernicus Arctic Regional Reanalysis (CARRA) data from 1991 to 2022. It examines factors influencing this variability, compares model‐derived variability with observed subgrid variability, and evaluates its impact on model verification. Key findings reveal that spatial variability is strongly influenced by geographical features and seasonal changes. The highest seasonal spatial variability is found during winter, particularly near coasts, mountainous regions, and sea ice edges where persistent temperature gradients drive baseline variability. In contrast, in inland Scandinavia, where climatic temperature gradients are less pronounced, situation‐dependent variability predominates. The study highlights these distinct patterns of variability in Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard, and Sodankylä, Finland. In Sodankylä, high variability is found under cold and stable conditions, with variability peaking above the surface due to spatial differences in temperature inversion development. The observed spatial variability largely aligns with the modeled CARRA data, particularly in terms of the relationship between baseline and situation‐dependent variability. Furthermore, considerable subgrid variability observed in Sodankylä accounts for a substantial portion of the difference between the model grid box value and observed point value. These findings emphasize the importance of considering spatial variability in weather forecasting, model verification, model intercomparisons, and process studies.
Data‐Driven Dynamic Event‐Triggered Load Frequency Control for Multi‐Area Interconnected Power Systems With Random Delays
Authors: Chen Yuhao , Zhao Huarong , Peng Li , Yu Hongnian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates a load frequency control issue for multi‐area interconnected unknown power systems with random communication delays. First, a model‐free adaptive control scheme is established by building an equivalent data‐relationship model between the area control error and corresponding control input. Then, a dynamic event‐triggered scheme is designed to improve resource utilization and reduce computational burden. Furthermore, random communication delays in the feedback and forward channels are considered. The results show that the proposed method is independent of any model information about the power system, only using the controlled system's control input and output data. Several simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.