bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the differences in serum metabolite profiles after intake of red meat in women with rheumatoid arthritis and a matched control group
Authors: Lindqvist Helen M. , Gjertsson Inger , Hulander Erik , Bärebring Linnea , Winkvist Anna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Studies have suggested that women with RA tend to avoid red meat more often than women without RA, based on their perception that it exacerbates their symptoms. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate and compare the postprandial metabolic response following the consumption of a red meat meal in patients with RA and a matched control group.

Methods
Participants were challenged with a meal with red meat and blood samples were collected before and at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 h after the meal. Serum metabolites were quantified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures with Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to evaluate separation by metabolites due to diagnosis of RA or not and to identify changes in metabolites related to RA. Incremental area under the curve was calculated for univariate comparisons for 23 metabolites.

Results
The matched groups, including 22 women with RA and 22 women without RA, did not differ significantly in age, body mass index, diet quality or reported physical activity. OPLS-DA models had a limited quality indicating that there were no differences in metabolite patterns between the groups. However, phenylalanine was significantly higher in concentration in women with RA compared to controls in both fasting and postprandial samples.

Conclusion
To conclude, this well-controlled postprandial intervention study found a significantly higher concentration of phenylalanine in both fasting and postprandial samples of women with RA compared to matched women without RA. These findings warrant further investigation in larger studies.

Trial registration
The PIRA (Postprandial Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis) trial is Registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04247009).
Transcutaneous carbon dioxide measurements in anesthetized apneic patients with BMI > 35 kg/m2
Authors: Eley Victoria A. , Guy Louis , Woods Christine , Llewellyn Stacey , Van Zundert Andre A. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTranscutaneous carbon dioxide measurement (TcCO2) offers the ability to continuously and non-invasively monitor carbon dioxide (CO2) tensions when end-tidal monitoring is not possible. The accuracy of TcCO2 has not been established in anesthetized apneic patients with obesity. In this secondary publication, we present a methods comparison analysis of TcCO2 with the gold standard arterial PCO2, in adult patients with body mass index (BMI) > 35kg/m2 who were randomized to receive high flow or low flow nasal oxygenation during post-induction apnea. Agreement between PaCO2 and TcCO2 at baseline, the start of apnea and the end of apnea were assessed using a non-parametric difference plot. Forty-two participants had a median (IQR) BMI of 52 (40–58.5) kg/m2. The mean (SD) PaCO2 was 33.9 (4.0) mmHg at baseline and 51.4 (7.5) mmHg at the end of apnea. The bias was the greatest at the end of apnea median (95% CI, 95% limits of agreement) 1.90 mmHg (−2.64 to 6.44, −7.10 to 22.90). Findings did not suggest significant systematic differences between the PaCO2 and TcCO2 measures. For a short period of apnea, TcCO2 showed inadequate agreement with PaCO2 in patients with BMI > 35 kg/m2. These techniques require comparison in a larger population, with more frequent sampling and over a longer timeframe, before TcCO2 can be confidently recommended in this setting.
Rates and predictors of service disengagement in adolescents with first episode psychosis: results from the 2-year follow-up of the Pr-EP program
Authors: Pelizza Lorenzo , Leuci Emanuela , Quattrone Emanuela , Azzali Silvia , Pupo Simona , Paulillo Giuseppina , Pellegrini Pietro , Menchetti Marco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractService disengagement is a major concern for “Early Intervention in Psychosis” (EIP). Indeed, understanding predictors of engagement is important for the effectiveness of mental health interventions, to improve outcome and quality of life, also in adolescents with first episode psychosis (FEP). No specific European investigation on this topic in adolescence has been reported in the literature to date. The aim of this study was to investigate service disengagement rate and predictors in an Italian sample of FEP adolescents treated within an EIP program during a 2-year follow-up period. All participants were adolescents help-seekers (aged 12–18 years) enrolled in the “Parma Early Psychosis” (Pr-EP) program. At baseline, they completed the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed. 71 FEP adolescents were recruited in this research. During the 2 years of our follow-up, a 25.4% prevalence rate of service disengagement was found. Particularly robust predictors of disengagement were lower baseline acceptance of psychosocial interventions, substance abuse at entry, and lower baseline PANSS “Disorganization” factor score. Approximately, 1/4 of our FEP adolescents disengaged from the Pr-EP program during the first 2 years of treatment. A possible solution to decrease disengagement and to favor re-engagement of these young individuals might be to provide the option of low-intensity monitoring and support, also via remote technology.
Higher participation rates for specific health checkups are associated with a lower incidence of treated ESKD in Japan
Authors: Wakasugi Minako , Narita Ichiei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
A Japanese cohort study previously reported that not attending health checkups was associated with an increased risk of treated end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The present study aimed to examine this association at the prefecture level.

Methods
We conducted an ecological study of all prefectures in Japan (n = 47) using five sources of nationwide open data. We explored associations of participation rates for Specific Health Checkups (SHC participation rates), the estimated prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the ratio of nephrology specialists for each prefecture with prefecture-specific standardized incidence rates (SIRs) of treated ESKD using structural equation modeling.

Results
Prefecture-specific SHC participation rates ranged from 44.2% to 65.9%, and were negatively correlated with prefecture-specific SIRs and prevalence of CKD, and positively correlated with the ratio of nephrology specialists. SHC participation rates had significant negative effects on prefecture-specific SIRs (standardized estimate (β) = − 0.38, p = 0.01) and prefecture-specific prevalence of CKD (β = − 0.32, p = 0.02). Through SHC participation rates, the ratio of nephrology specialists had a significant indirect negative effect on prefecture-specific SIRs (β= − 0.14, p = 0.02). The model fitted the data well and explained 14% of the variance in SIRs.

Conclusions
Our findings support the importance of increasing SHC participation rates at the population level and may encourage people to undergo health checkups.
Automated programming, symbolic computation, machine learning: my personal view
Authors: Buchberger Bruno 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this note, I present my personal view on the interaction of the three areas Automated Programming, Symbolic Computation, and Machine Learning. Programming is the activity of finding a (hopefully) correct program (algorithm) for a given problem. Programming is central to automation in all areas and is considered one of the most creative human activities. However, already very early in the history of programming, people started to “jump to the meta-level” of programming, i.e., started to develop procedures that automate, or semi-automate, (various aspects or parts of) the process of programming. This area has various names like “Automated Programming”, “Automated Algorithm Synthesis”, etc. Developing compilers can be considered an early example of a problem in automated programming. Automated reasoners for proving the correctness of programs with respect to a specification is an advanced example of a topic in automated programming. ChatGPT producing (amazingly good) programs from problem specifications in natural language is a recent example of automated programming. Programming tends to become the most important activity as the level of technological sophistication increases. Therefore, automating programming is maybe the most exciting and relevant technological endeavor today. It also will have enormous impact on the global job market in the software industry. Roughly, I see two main approaches to automated programming:

symbolic computation

and machine learning.

In this note, I explain how the two approaches work and that they are fundamentally different because they address two completely different ways of how problems are specified. Together, the two approaches constitute (part of) what some people like to call “artificial intelligence”. In my analysis, both approaches are just part of (algorithmic) mathematics. The approaches, like all non-trivial mathematical methods, need quite some intelligence on the side of the human inventors of the methods. However, applying the methods is just “machine execution” of algorithms. It is misleading to call the application “machine intelligence” or “artificial intelligence”. The analysis of the two approaches to automated programming also suggests that the two approaches, in the future, should be combined to achieve even higher levels of sophistication. At the end of this note, I propose some research questions for this new direction.
Runoff, sediment, organic carbon, and nutrient loads from a Canadian prairie micro-watershed under climate variability and land management practices
Authors: Liu Yongbo , Van Nieuwenhuizen Nigel , Elliott Jane , Shrestha Rajesh R. , Yerubandi Ram 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study conducted a spatio-temporal analysis of runoff, total suspended sediment, suspended particulate carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus loadings within the 2.06 km2 Steppler subwatershed in southern Manitoba of Canada based on 11 years of field monitoring data collected at nine stations. Results showed that the nutrient losses were very small because of the implementation of multiple BMPs in the study area. However, a high spatio-temporal variation of runoff and water quality parameters was found for the nine fields within the subwatershed. The average runoff coefficient was 0.19 at the subwatershed outlet with sediment, suspended particulate carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus losses of 73.8, 6.10, 4.54, and 0.76 kg/ha respectively. Spring snowmelt runoff was about 74.5% of the annual runoff at the subwatershed outlet, while for sediment, suspended particulate carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, the proportions were 61.1%, 63.6%, 74.9%, and 81.2% respectively during the monitoring period, which suggests that BMPs designed for reducing nutrient loadings from snowmelt runoff would be more effective than BMPs designed for reducing pollutant loading from rainfall storms in the study area. Research findings from this study will benefit the enhancement of current BMPs and the development of new BMPs in the region to minimize soil and nutrient losses from agricultural fields and improve water quality in receiving water bodies.
Intraoperative or postoperative stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: time to systemic treatment onset and other patient-relevant outcomes
Authors: Dejonckheere Cas S. , Layer Julian P. , Hamed Motaz , Layer Katharina , Glasmacher Andrea , Friker Lea L. , Potthoff Anna-Laura , Zeyen Thomas , Scafa Davide , Koch David , Garbe Stephan , Holz Jasmin A. , Kugel Fabian , Grimmer Molina , Schmeel Frederic Carsten , Gielen Gerrit H. , Forstbauer Helmut , Vatter Hartmut , Herrlinger Ulrich , Giordano Frank A. , Schneider Matthias , Schmeel Leonard Christopher , Sarria Gustavo R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) has become a viable treatment option for resectable brain metastases (BMs). As data on local control and radiation necrosis rates are maturing, we focus on meaningful secondary endpoints such as time to next treatment (TTNT), duration of postoperative corticosteroid treatment, and in-hospital time.

Methods
Patients prospectively recruited within an IORT study registry between November 2020 and June 2023 were compared with consecutive patients receiving adjuvant stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) of the resection cavity within the same time frame. TTNT was defined as the number of days between BM resection and start of the next extracranial oncological therapy (systemic treatment, surgery, or radiotherapy) for each of the groups.

Results
Of 95 BM patients screened, IORT was feasible in 84 cases (88%) and ultimately performed in 64 (67%). The control collective consisted of 53 SRT patients. There were no relevant differences in clinical baseline features. Mean TTNT (range) was 36 (9 − 94) days for IORT patients versus 52 (11 − 126) days for SRT patients (p = 0.01). Mean duration of postoperative corticosteroid treatment was similar (8 days; p = 0.83), as was mean postoperative in-hospital time (11 versus 12 days; p = 0.97). Mean total in-hospital time for BM treatment (in- and out-patient days) was 11 days for IORT versus 19 days for SRT patients (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
IORT for BMs results in faster completion of interdisciplinary treatment when compared to adjuvant SRT, without increasing corticosteroid intake or prolonging in-hospital times. A randomised phase III trial will determine the clinical effects of shorter TTNT.
How to mind the body
Authors: Rath Michael 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie beschreibt Phänomene auf der körperlich-leiblichen Ebene. Anhand der intrauterinen Entwicklung werden die Rollenkonfigurationen auf der uteral-somatopsychischen Rollenebene zusammengefasst, um sie für Interventionen in der psychodramatischen Arbeit mit Erwachsenen gezielt einsetzen zu können. Eine Erweiterung des Körperverständnisses wird durch leibphänomenologische Erkenntnisse vollzogen. Durch eine Mikro-Differenzierung des Handlungsbegriffes können in leiblichen Mikroszenen Sinndimensionen des deep body erkannt werden. Die Implikationen führen zu einer Erweiterung der Rollenebenen. Ein zyklisches Modell der Rollenebenen wird vorgestellt. In zwei Fallvignetten wird das siebenstufige Interventionsverfahren demonstriert.
Quantifying the Respiratory Pattern of Rhizosphere Microbial Communities in Healthy and Diseased Tomato Plants Using Carbon Substrates
Authors: Adedayo Afeez Adesina , Fadiji Ayomide Emmanuel , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe sustainable production of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) is important, and this can be achieved by determining the rate of respiration of microbes in the tomato plants' rhizosphere soil. This study aimed at the potential of microbes to utilize carbon substrates embedded in the rhizosphere soil thereby contributing to the healthy nature of the tomato plants. The potential soil physiochemical features and utilization of carbon substrate by soil microorganisms as a result of their respiration to reveal their functions in the ecosystem were evaluated. The soil samples were amassed from the healthy tomato plant rhizosphere, diseased tomatoes, and bulk soil in this study. The physiochemical features and carbon substrate utilization in the bulk soil samples, and rhizosphere samples of powdery diseased, and healthy tomato plants were assessed. The MicroRespTM procedure was used to determine the community-level physiological profiles (CLPP) employing fifteen (15) carbon (C) substrates selected based on their importance to microbial communities embedded in the soil samples. Our results revealed that various physiochemical properties, moisture content, water retention, and C substrates including sugar, amino acid, and carboxylic acid were greater in HR and the substrates were not significantly different (p < 0.05). The study reveals higher soil respiration in HR as a result of the microbial communities inhabiting HR utilizing more of the C-substrates. This investigation contributes to the tomato plant's healthy state as the microbial communities utilized carbon substrate compared to DR after employing the CLPP assays.
Was Gastroenterologen über Antirefluxchirurgie wissen sollten
Authors: Schneider Marcel André , Pohl Daniel , Vetter Diana , Gutschow Christian Alexander 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie gastroösophageale Refluxkrankheit (GERD) ist mit einer Prävalenz von bis zu 25 % in Ländern mit hohem Lebensstandard eine Volkskrankheit. Die Therapie mit Protonenpumpeninhibitoren (PPI) ist die Behandlung der ersten Wahl, führt aber nur bei etwa 60 % der Patienten zu vollständiger Beschwerdefreiheit, zudem besteht bei manchen Patienten die Sorge um unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen bei langfristiger PPI-Einnahme. Die Antirefluxchirurgie ist vor allem bei PPI-refraktären Patienten und Unverträglichkeiten eine wichtige Behandlungsoption, setzt aber klare Kriterien bei der Auswahl dieser Patienten und ausreichende chirurgische Erfahrung voraus. Das breite Spektrum der heute angewandten Antirefluxoperationen führt bei Patienten und Zuweisern häufig zu Verunsicherung. Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist es, das Spektrum der chirurgischen Therapien darzustellen und anhand der aktuellen Literatur die Orientierung bei der Indikationsstellung und Verfahrenswahl zu erleichtern.
Innovative and secure decentralized approach to process real estate transactions by utilizing private blockchain
Authors: Langaliya Vishalkumar , Gohil Jaypalsinh A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This research introduces a decentralized method for handling real estate transactions through the utilization of private blockchain technology. The authors pinpoint the primary challenges within the prevailing transaction procedures in India and advocate for the integration of blockchain technology as a solution. Ultimately, the study concludes that the proposed system has the potential to optimize transaction processes within Indian government offices, fostering heightened efficiency, transparency, and a reduction in corrupt practices.

Methods/design/methodology
The current transaction process and the centralized technology are investigated using a physical observation approach at the government office. Following that, numerous parties are questioned to identify the main pain areas in the process. The outcomes of the interviews are used to create a blockchain solution that addresses the identified pain points. Following the design, interviewees are requested to validate the suggested model.

Findings
Some of the primary pain areas found in the real estate transaction procedure include that it is impossible to avoid single-point failure due to the present centralized transaction process, the possibility of corruption at any point, and the lack of data available at each node. Using blockchain techniques, the suggested decentralized application enhances the way transactions are processed and ensures the quality of data availability, transparency, and the elimination of single points of failure.

Practical implications and simulation process
A private blockchain application is created to improve the real estate transaction procedure at the Indian government office. One complex front end is created to receive information about the seller, the buyer’s property, and the payment, and a suitable database is employed to hold the sensitive data. Data is moved to the private blockchain for final execution when the smart business logic has been applied to the necessary information. One artificial utility is created that places a heavy load on the proposed system and measures the load trashing to validate it. It generates an enormous amount of sample data to verify the suggested system.

Originality/value
According to recent research, blockchain technology has the potential to get better efficiency, transparency, security, data accessibility, and thus trust in the transaction process. As a result, the suggested application is beneficial to the future of the Indian real estate transaction process.
Right esophageal lung with associated pulmonary vascular anomaly: A rare case report
Authors: Hailu Samuel Sisay , Hailu Zerihun Gelashe , Abrar Fadil Nuredin , Admasu Nardos Mulu , Aklilu Woubedel Kiflu , Gebru Fisseha Temesgen , Hailemariam Tesfahunegn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction and Importance
Congenital bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (CBPFM) is a rare anomaly in which either a lung, a lung lobe or a segment has a patent congenital communication to the upper gastrointestinal tract. In esophageal lung, an anomalous main bronchus arises from the esophagus rather than the trachea.

Case presentation
A male neonate was admitted with respiratory distress immediately following birth. Radiographic evaluation included chest radiograph, chest Ultrasound, chest CT and an upper gastrointestinal (GI) contrast study. A completely opaque right hemithorax was initially visualized and identified as esophageal lung with associated anomalous partial systemic arterial supply and venous drainage. A right posterolateral thoracotomy with pneumonectomy of the hypoplastic lung was performed. However, the patient died of respiratory failure on the first postoperative day.

Clinical discussion
Esophageal lung is an extremely rare form of CBPFM in which a main stem bronchus, usually the right one, is abnormally connected to the esophagus. The diagnosis is suggested by chest x-ray and confirmed by upper GI contrast study, which is also available in resource-poor settings. A CT scan with 3D volume rendered images can make a diagnosis, although difficulties remain. Pneumonectomy is the preferred treatment for most patients.

Conclusion
Esophageal lung is a rare congenital abnormality with few reported cases. Radiologists and pediatricians should have a high index of suspicion for this anomaly in cases of neonatal respiratory distress and a persistently opacified lung with focal air bronchogram(s) and pursue a timely confirmatory contrast study.

Highlights