bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing of electrical resistivity tomography data using convolutional neural network in ERT-NET architectures
Authors: Hiskiawan Puguh , Chen Chien-Chih , Ye Zheng-Kai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrical resistivity tomography (ERT) inversion has emerged as an effective method for predicting resistivity in complex geological structures. In most cases, traditional ERT inversion problems are posed as nonlinear optimization problems. Solving distribution resistivity inversion can be computationally challenging for two reasons: one is the significant cost of software and the other is the issue of local minima. The ERT-NET architecture was developed in this study to learn the parameter regression relationship between geophysical ERT datasets and subsurface models. We developed a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) technique that comprised of a fully connected network (ERT-INET) and a fully convolutional network (ERT-UNET); both train ambiguity information of the inverted resistivity based on processing ERT datasets. We also output our network segmentation of pixel-wise prediction for ERT-INET and structured prediction segmentation. The noise assessments of our network inversion were managed by employing depth of investigation (DOI) and statistical analysis for evaluation performance. The DOI appeared to be effective in conveying the breadth of possibility within our networks. Moreover, the performances are either the synthetic resistivity model or the field resistivity data, both of which have an average of greater than 95%. The inversion results of both architectures are precisely and accurately expressed, containing approximately the ground truth models and thereby also the field observation models. We conclude that these ERT-NET architectures could be one approach to ERT interpretation handling, and we strongly suggest alternatives that promote the geoelectrical method of interpretation.
Some recent developments on the Steklov eigenvalue problem
Authors: Colbois Bruno , Girouard Alexandre , Gordon Carolyn , Sher David 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Steklov eigenvalue problem, first introduced over 125 years ago, has seen a surge of interest in the past few decades. This article is a tour of some of the recent developments linking the Steklov eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of compact Riemannian manifolds to the geometry of the manifolds. Topics include isoperimetric-type upper and lower bounds on Steklov eigenvalues (first in the case of surfaces and then in higher dimensions), stability and instability of eigenvalues under deformations of the Riemannian metric, optimisation of eigenvalues and connections to free boundary minimal surfaces in balls, inverse problems and isospectrality, discretisation, and the geometry of eigenfunctions. We begin with background material and motivating examples for readers that are new to the subject. Throughout the tour, we frequently compare and contrast the behavior of the Steklov spectrum with that of the Laplace spectrum. We include many open problems in this rapidly expanding area.
Best approximation with geometric constraints
Authors: Mohebi Hossein , Bakhtiari Hassan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a finite family of sets (geometric constraints) $$F_{1}, F_{2},\ldots , F_{r}$$

F
1

,

F
2

,
…
,

F
r

in the Euclidean space $${\mathbb {R}}^n.$$

R

n

.

We show under mild conditions on the geometric constraints that the “perturbation property” of the constrained best approximation from a nonempty closed set $$K \cap F$$

K
∩
F

is characterized by the “convex conical hull intersection property” (CCHIP in short) at a reference feasible point in F. In this case, F is the intersection of the geometric constraints $$F_{1}, F_{2},\ldots , F_{r},$$

F
1

,

F
2

,
…
,

F
r

,

and K is a nonempty closed convex set in $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

such that $$K \cap F \ne \emptyset .$$

K
∩
F
≠
∅
.

We do this by first proving a dual cone characterization of the contingent cone of the set F. Finally, we obtain the “Lagrange multiplier characterizations” of the constrained best approximation. Several examples are given to illustrate and clarify our results.
The relationship of peritubular capillary density with glomerular volume and kidney function in living kidney donors
Authors: van der Weijden J. , De Hoogt P. A. , Leufkens M. M. E. , Keijbeck A. A. , van Goor H. , van den Heuvel M. C. , Cleutjens J. P. M. , Moers C. , Snoeijs M. G. , Navis G. J. , van Londen M. , Nolte I. M. , Berger S. P. , De Borst M. H. , Peutz-Kootstra C. J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Peritubular capillary rarefaction plays an important role in the progression of chronic kidney disease. Little is known about the relation between peritubular capillary density, glomerular volume and filtration rate in the healthy kidney.

Methods
In this single-center study, we included 69 living kidney donors who donated between 2005 and 2008 and had representative renal biopsies available. In all donors, glomerular filtration rate was measured using 125I-Iothalamate before donation and at five years after donation. Before donation, the increase in glomerular filtration rate after dopamine stimulation was measured. Glomerular volume and peritubular capillary density were determined in biopsies taken at the time of transplantation. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to assess relations between parameters.

Results
Mean donor age was 52 ± 11 years and mean measured glomerular filtration rate was 119 ± 22 mL/min before donation and 82 ± 15 mL/min at five years after donation. While peritubular capillary density (measured by either number of peritubular capillaries/50,000 μm2 or number of peritubular capillaries/tubule) was not associated with measured glomerular filtration rate before or after donation, number of peritubular capillaries/tubule was associated with the increase in measured glomerular filtration rate after dopamine stimulation (St.β = 0.33, p = 0.004), and correlated positively with glomerular volume (R = 0.24, p = 0.047). Glomerular volume was associated with unstimulated measured glomerular filtration rate before donation (St.β = 0.31, p = 0.01) and at five years (St.β = 0.30, p = 0.01) after donation, independent of age.

Conclusions
In summary, peritubular capillary density was not related to unstimulated kidney function before or after kidney donation, in contrast to glomerular volume. However, number of peritubular capillaries/tubule correlated with the increase in glomerular filtration rate after dopamine stimulation in healthy kidneys, and with glomerular volume. These findings suggest that peritubular capillary density and glomerular volume differentially affect kidney function in healthy living kidney donors.

Graphical abstract
Time for a full digital approach in nephropathology: a systematic review of current artificial intelligence applications and future directions
Authors: Cazzaniga Giorgio , Rossi Mattia , Eccher Albino , Girolami Ilaria , L’Imperio Vincenzo , Van Nguyen Hien , Becker Jan Ulrich , Bueno García María Gloria , Sbaraglia Marta , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Gambaro Giovanni , Pagni Fabio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in nephropathology has been growing rapidly in recent years, facing several challenges including the wide range of histological techniques used, the low occurrence of certain diseases, and the need for data sharing. This narrative review retraces the history of AI in nephropathology and provides insights into potential future developments.

Methods
Electronic searches in PubMed-MEDLINE and Embase were made to extract pertinent articles from the literature. Works about automated image analysis or the application of an AI algorithm on non-neoplastic kidney histological samples were included and analyzed to extract information such as publication year, AI task, and learning type. Prepublication servers and reviews were not included.

Results
Seventy-six (76) original research articles were selected. Most of the studies were conducted in the United States in the last 7 years. To date, research has been mainly conducted on relatively easy tasks, like single-stain glomerular segmentation. However, there is a trend towards developing more complex tasks such as glomerular multi-stain classification.

Conclusion
Deep learning has been used to identify patterns in complex histopathology data and looks promising for the comprehensive assessment of renal biopsy, through the use of multiple stains and virtual staining techniques. Hybrid and collaborative learning approaches have also been explored to utilize large amounts of unlabeled data. A diverse team of experts, including nephropathologists, computer scientists, and clinicians, is crucial for the development of AI systems for nephropathology. Collaborative efforts among multidisciplinary experts result in clinically relevant and effective AI tools.

Graphical abstract
Effect of periodic wide atmospheric pressure change on CO emission in closed goaf
Authors: Shao Zhuangzhuang , Tan Bo , Hu Ruili , Song Xiaozhen , Guo Yan , Li Tianze , Fu Shuhui , Chen Chaohuan , Wang Haiyan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAtmospheric pressure fluctuation is one of the most important factors affecting the climate environment and gas emission in the fire area. To obtain the influence rule of the surface atmospheric pressure change on the gas sampling and abnormal emission in the mine closed goaf, the No. 1 coal mine in Dananhu was taken as the research object. Using Fourier transform and Fisher harmonic analysis and other statistical methods, the influence of the periodic variation of atmospheric pressure on the gas leakage and outflow in the closed goaf was studied. The results showed that there were three atmospheric pressure periods of 15.2 d, 1 d and 182.2 d, and the probability was greater than 95%. The time period with the highest number of atmospheric pressure peaks was 7:00–8:00, which accounted for 20.2% of total occurrence number in a day. And the time periods with the highest number of atmospheric pressure trough were 2:00, 15:00 and 16:00, accounting for 27.4%. The peak-to-trough transition time was mainly concentrated around 6 h, and the diurnal variation curve of atmospheric pressure was mainly bimodal. The atmospheric pressure change rate was mostly concentrated in 10–50 Pa/h. It was determined that the distance that the gas sampling pipe was pre-laid into the inner side of the closed wall should be greater than 44.4 m, and the CO concentration and atmospheric pressure in the closed goaf were both periodic and negative with atmospheric pressure. The research results have important guiding significance for the monitoring, early warning and environmental protection of the goaf.
Graphene Quantum Dot-Mediated Atom-Layer Semiconductor Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Hu Bingjie , Huang Kai , Tang Bijun , Lei Zhendong , Wang Zeming , Guo Huazhang , Lian Cheng , Liu Zheng , Wang Liang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe hydrogen evolution reaction performance of semiconducting 2H-phase molybdenum disulfide (2H-MoS2) presents a significant hurdle in realizing its full potential applications. Here, we utilize theoretical calculations to predict possible functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which can enhance HER activity of bulk MoS2. Subsequently, we design a functionalized GQD-induced in-situ bottom-up strategy to fabricate near atom-layer 2H-MoS2 nanosheets mediated with GQDs (ALQD) by modulating the concentration of electron withdrawing/donating functional groups. Experimental results reveal that the introduction of a series of functionalized GQDs during the synthesis of ALQD plays a crucial role. Notably, the higher the concentration and strength of electron-withdrawing functional groups on GQDs, the thinner and more active the resulting ALQD are. Remarkably, the synthesized near atom-layer ALQD-SO3 demonstrate significantly improved HER performance. Our GQD-induced strategy provides a simple and efficient approach for expanding the catalytic application of MoS2. Furthermore, it holds substantial potential for developing nanosheets in other transition-metal dichalcogenide materials.
Comparative efficacy of glucose-lowering drugs on liver steatosis as assessed by means of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Malandris Konstantinos , Papandreou Stylianos , Avgerinos Ioannis , Karagiannis Thomas , Paschos Paschalis , Michailidis Theodoros , Liakos Aris , Bekiari Eleni , Sinakos Emmanouil , Tsapas Apostolos 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the comparative efficacy of glucose-lowering drugs on liver steatosis as assessed by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with T2D.

Methods
We searched several databases and grey literature sources. Eligible trials had at least 12 weeks of intervention, included patients with T2D, and assessed the efficacy of glucose-lowering drugs as monotherapies. The primary outcome of interest was absolute reduction in liver fat content (LFC), assessed by means of MRI. Secondary efficacy outcomes were reduction in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. We performed random effects frequentist network meta-analyses to estimate mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We ranked treatments based on P-scores.

Results
We included 29 trials with 1906 patients. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors (P-score 0.84) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) (0.71) were the most efficacious in terms of liver fat content reduction. Among individual agents, empagliflozin was the most efficacious (0.86) and superior to pioglitazone (MD -5.7, 95% CI -11.2 to -0.3) (very low confidence). GLP-1 RAs had also the most favorable effects on visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Conclusions
GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors seem to be the most efficacious glucose-lowering drugs for liver steatosis in patients with T2D. Assessment of their efficacy on NAFLD in patients irrespective of presence of T2D is encouraged.
Unequal location, unequal access: the spatial analysis of solid waste disposal services in Northern Ghana
Authors: Volsuuri Emmanuel , Owusu-Sekyere Ebenezer , Imoro Abubakari Zarouk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUrban centres in Ghana continue to expand to areas with difficult accessibility, severely impacting location decisions on solid waste disposal sites (SWDS). This study uses the location theory to examine the spatial distribution of SWDS in urban Ghana. Methodologically, it uses the nearness neighbour tool, which is a key component in GIS for spatial analysis. The results show that the distribution of SWDS was clustered, randomized, and skewed. The distribution was influenced by accessibility and the ability to pay for waste management services. For these reasons, high-density populated communities were serviced through the central container collection system, while high-class residential areas benefited through the door-to-door collection system. Access to regular waste collection was challenging for the majority in low-class residential neighbourhoods and peri-urban communities. It is argued that unequal access to waste management services raises important policy issues. The unserved communities are more likely to be exposed to the potential negative impact of poor solid waste management. It is further argued that if vulnerability and location are linked to deprivation, it is necessary to understand how and why this has happened.
Toward digital twin of the ocean: from digitalization to cloning
Authors: Chen Ge , Yang Jie , Huang Baoxiang , Ma Chunyong , Tian Fenglin , Ge Linyao , Xia Linghui , Li Jianhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe forthcoming wave of progress in oceanographic technology is the digital twin of the ocean, a concept that integrates marine big data and artificial intelligence (AI). This development is a logical consequence of combining data science and marine science and is considered superior to previous models, such as the digital ocean, transparent ocean, and smart ocean. Amid the swift advancement of next-generation information technology, the conditions are favorable for developing a prototype digital twin of the ocean, which will integrate various functionalities—data fusion, situation presentation, phenomenon mining, autonomous learning, and intelligent prediction. The salient distinction between a digital twin of the ocean and traditional forms of virtual or augmented reality is because of the intelligence beyond digitalization exhibited by the former, primarily facilitated by AI-based cloning. Hence, herein, we initially propose a structured architecture for the generative digital twin ocean, encompassing elements from real-time data pools to key technologies and proof-of-concept applications. The core components of this prototype system include a data pool, an AI-based oceanographic model, and three-dimensional visualization interactions. Future research and objectives for the digital twin ocean will principally focus on the following: four-dimensional (comprising three-dimensional space along with time) digital cloning and real-time mapping of global ocean parameters, cooperative observation coupled with human–computer interactions, and intelligent prediction along with cutting-edge applications. Prospectively, this transformative technology holds the potential to considerably enhance our understanding of the ocean, yielding groundbreaking discoveries that will profoundly influence the marine economy and sustainable development.
Digital worker feedback infrastructures: The digitalisation of worker rights monitoring in global value chains
Authors: Sorg Christoph , Vestena Carolina Alves , Scheper Christian , Zajak Sabrina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present empirical research on what we call ‘digital worker feedback infrastructures’ (DWFI); these are communication systems based on digital technologies that allow for creating so-called ‘feedback data’ via different forms of information input of workers in global value chains (GVC). The paper provides an overview of over 50 current DWFIs in GVCs and asks about the main differences between management-oriented and worker-centred digital feedback infrastructures in their usage of worker data. In the first part, we trace the emergence of DWFIs at the intersection of different trends: the continuous non-improvement of working conditions through auditing, the permanent politicisation, and contestation of this fact through labour and activist networks as well as the development of new digital technologies. In the second section, we elaborate the main features of DWFIs and analyse potential shortcomings in the context of the ‘ethical’ audit and monitoring regime for GVCs. Third, we use our dataset to present an overview of the heterogeneity of DWFIs. We pay particular attention to examples of civil society developed tools as we suggest that they provide a glimpse of the potential of worker feedback technologies from below, which could contribute to better monitoring of worker rights and facilitate a more democratic coordination of workplaces and GVCs.
Class, labour conflict, and workers’ organisation
Authors: Chan Jenny 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article is part of an internationally coordinated themed collection on ‘labour conflict, forms of organisation, and class’ exploring important questions. How can we explain the interplay of capital, the state, and the international order, in defining the persistence of labour conflict in changing historical and political-economic contexts? How have the economic, social, and technological transformations precipitated by the recent pandemic shaped the expression of work-related conflict? As part of a response to these main questions, the author and contributors of this collection conceptualise labour conflict and collective action in broader class analysis and examine the combined effect of state policies, migration, and digital innovation on contemporary labour politics. This article, drawing on insights from Marxist-oriented interdisciplinary approaches and feminist theories, seeks to suggest approaches to future studies on class, labour conflict, and workers’ organisation.
L'interculturalisme majoritariste et les femmes : une relation ambiguë
Authors: Iavarone-Turcotte Anne 
Published: September 2023

RésuméDans cet article, je propose une analyse critique de la réponse des trois principaux théoriciens de l'interculturalisme majoritariste – Gérard Bouchard, Jérôme Gosselin-Tapp et Michel Seymour – à la question des minorités internes. Cette question est de savoir comment protéger le droit des minorités religieuses de pratiquer leur religion (tel que créé ou facilité par le multiculturalisme ou l'interculturalisme) sans violer le droit des femmes en leur sein de mener une vie exempte d'oppression (tel que défendu par le féminisme). Je soutiens que la réponse de ces auteurs est ambiguë, en ce sens qu'elle embrasse simultanément deux postures – la fermeté et la flexibilité – qui, lorsque considérées ensemble, sont contradictoires et, lorsque considérées séparément, présentent des problèmes spécifiques. Si dans le cas particulier du foulard islamique, ces auteurs élargissent momentanément leur perspective, leurs arguments à ce chapitre commandent des nuances importantes pour le moment absentes de leur raisonnement.
Paine’sRights of manin Germany
Authors: Buchetmann Elias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article traces the immediate reception of Paine’sRights of man(Part One) in Germany. It especially focuses on the publication history of the complete translation published in Berlin in 1792, featuring the translator Meta Forkel, her collaborator Georg Forster, and the publisher Christian Friedrich Voß. This reconstruction affords insight into the process of translation as a collaborative enterprise and clearly demonstrates the translator’s agency. When the publisher proved reluctant, publication was dependent on Forkel’s initiative, which highlights the factor of contingency and the willingness to take risks. By detailing the modifications a book might undergo even in the case of a very faithful translation, this article also exemplifies strategies employed in the dissemination of radical works and the adaptation to new cultural and political contexts. Finally, the evidence presented here shows that Paine’s work was considered central by German contemporaries and should be placed alongside the reception of Burke’s in future scholarship on the Revolution debate in Germany.
Correction to Redfern et al. (2017) ‘Written in Bone’: New Discoveries about the Lives of Roman Londoners, Britannia 48, 253–77
Authors: Redfern Rebecca , Anastasiadou Kyriaki , Silva Marina Soares Da , Gilardet Alexandre , Kelly Monica , Williams Mia , Booth Thomas , Skoglund Pontus 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn 2017, ancient DNA analysis of the Harper Road burial from Southwark (London) found that the individual had male chromosomes. Now analysis has discovered that the individual had female chromosomes, data which match the osteological estimation of sex and the interpretation of the grave-goods.
Categories of graphs for operadic structures
Authors: HACKNEY PHILIP 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe recall several categories of graphs which are useful for describing homotopy-coherent versions of generalised operads (e.g. cyclic operads, modular operads, properads, and so on), and give new, uniform definitions for their morphisms. This allows for straightforward comparisons, and we use this to show that certain free-forgetful adjunctions between categories of generalised operads can be realised at the level of presheaves. This includes adjunctions between operads and cyclic operads, between dioperads and augmented cyclic operads, and between wheeled properads and modular operads.