bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Earth Observation Capacity of the National Geoinformation Center of Bulgaria as Part of the Tools for Geo- and Anthropogenic-Hazard Management in EPOS
Authors: Trifonova Petya , Miloshev Nikolay , Dimitrova Liliya , Metodiev Metodi , Jordanova Diana , Ishlyamski Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Exploring the nature of the Earth system and its multi-scale architecture requires an integrated symbiotic approach not only to understand our planet but also to reveal the hazards and footprints of their events on human life. Following the conceptual model of the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) we integrate a variety of research to obtain a multilateral use of geoinformation for scientific and practical purposes. In 2018, we started building a Bulgarian distributed scientific infrastructure called the National Geoinformation Center, aiming to provide data, products, and expertise to predict and prevent natural and anthropogenic risks and disasters, as well as environmental changes. The present paper demonstrates the capabilities of seismological, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), geomagnetic and multi-scale laboratories (MSL) in Bulgaria that participate to the respective thematic core services of EPOS. More than 40 seismological stations register and transmit data in real time through the operational center of the Bulgarian Seismological Network. Data from 18 GNSS stations, part of the National GNSS network, are officially registered in the EPOS GNSS Data Gateway. Data and products are available via the EPOS GNSS Product Portal for interested users. Panagjurishte geomagnetic observatory (PAG) provides real time variations and long-period data series for the Earth’s magnetic field. The Palaeomagnetic Laboratory at the National Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy and Geography (NIGGG) participates in MSL with its unique facilities for paleo-, archeo- and environmental magnetism studies. Four case studies are presented to illustrate best practices for utilizing the data collected. The analysis of seismicity in a region of a long-time exploited salt deposit is upgraded with GNSS　data to reveal the reason for crustal movements in the region. The results show that the majority of the seismic events took place in the upper part of the Earth’s crust at a depth of up to 5 km, where the salt body is buried. The observed significant local deformations of the Earth’s surface are very likely related to the technological process of deposit exploitation. A recent model of the geomagnetic declination over the Bulgarian territory is also presented. It tracks the variation of the regional magnetic field from 2015 to 2020 and adds short-wavelength signals from the secular network observations. Last but not least, the application of a mineral magnetic laboratory analysis along the depth of a Holocene soil profile is demonstrated. Results reveal the soil evolution in response to environmental changes adding a new magnetic proxy parameter for more precise identification and characterization of the soil formation processes.
Healthcare resource utilization, costs and treatment associated with myasthenia gravis exacerbations among patients with myasthenia gravis in the USA: a retrospective analysis of claims data
Authors: Pisc Julia , Ting Angela , Skornicki Michelle , Sinno Omar , Lee Edward 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
There are limited data on the clinical and economic burden of exacerbations in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). We assessed patient clinical characteristics, treatments and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) associated with MG exacerbation.
Patients & methods:
This was a retrospective analysis of adult patients with MG identified by commercial, Medicare or Medicaid insurance claims from the IBM
®
MarketScan
®
database. Eligible patients had two or more MG diagnosis codes, without evidence of exacerbation or crisis in the baseline period (12 months prior to index [first eligible MG diagnosis]). Clinical characteristics were evaluated at baseline and 12 weeks before each exacerbation. Number of exacerbations, MG treatments and HCRU costs associated with exacerbation were described during a 2-year follow-up period.
Results:
Among 9352 prevalent MG patients, 34.4% (n = 3218) experienced ≥1 exacerbation after index: commercial, 53.0% (n = 1706); Medicare, 39.4% (n = 1269); and Medicaid, 7.6% (n = 243). During follow-up, the mean (standard deviation) number of exacerbations per commercial and Medicare patient was 3.7 (7.0) and 2.7 (4.1), respectively. At least two exacerbations were experienced by approximately half of commercial and Medicare patients with ≥1 exacerbation. Mean total MG-related healthcare costs per exacerbation ranged from $26,078 to $51,120, and from $19,903 to $49,967 for commercial and Medicare patients, respectively. AChEI use decreased in patients with multiple exacerbations, while intravenous immunoglobulin use increased with multiple exacerbations.
Conclusion:
Despite utilization of current treatments for MG, MG exacerbations are associated with a high clinical and economic burden in both commercial and Medicare patients. Additional treatment options and improved disease management may help to reduce exacerbations and disease burden.
Mackie, Martin, and INUS in the Morning
Authors: Gimbel Steven ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2023

Distinguishing necessary and sufficient conditions can be challenging to undergraduate logic and critical thinking students. Explaining J. L. Mackie’s notion of INUS conditions—insufficient but necessary parts of unnecessary but sufficient conditions—is an even more difficult concept to understand. It is helpful to have memorable examples that not only clarify the concept, but make it easy to remember. Law student turned stand-up comedian Demetri Martin uses necessary, sufficient, and INUS conditions to construct absurdist jokes. These jokes provide effective tools for making Mackie’s notion understandable and memorable.
Revision of the nitidus species group of the bee genus Scrapter Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)
Authors: Mack Anne , Kuhlmann Michael 
Published: December 2023

The nitidus species group of the bee genus Scrapter Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 is redefined, revised and 15 species are described as new for science: S. caeruleus sp. nov. ♀, S. confusus sp. nov. ♀♂, S. convexoides sp. nov. ♂, S. convexus sp. nov. ♀♂, S. crassipunctatus sp. nov. ♀♂, S. felicis sp. nov. ♀♂, S. flavipunctatus sp. nov. ♀♂, S. imparilis sp. nov. ♀♂, S. littoralis sp. nov. ♀, S. longicornis sp. nov. ♂, S. montanus sp. nov. ♀♂, S. mpumalangensis sp. nov. ♀♂, S. obtusus sp. nov. ♀♂, S. perpunctatulus sp. nov. ♂ and S. variabilis sp. nov. ♀♂. The previously unknown males of S. divergens (Friese, 1925), S. semirufus Cockerell, 1932 and S. perpunctatus Cockerell, 1933 are described for the first time. All currently known 28 species of the S. nitidus species group are redescribed, imaged and included in a key to facilitate their identification.
THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT FORENSIC APPLICATIONS: A STUDY IN TURKEY'S WESTERN BORDER
Authors: GÜVEN Oya , DEMİRELLER Merve , KURT Bedriye Feyza , YEŞİL Ömer 
Published: December 2023

Objective: The COVID-19 epidemic, which affected the whole world, also affected judicial events. This study will examine how the forensic cases that applied to the emergency service were affected by the epidemic.
Material and Methods: In this study, the files of all patients whose forensic records were opened in the Emergency Service between 2019 and 2022 were retrospectively scanned. Patient applications were classified according to March 2020, when our country's first COVID-19 case was seen. They were divided into 3 groups: pre-pandemic, pandemic and post-pandemic period, and the data obtained were compared within themselves.
Results: The files of 20,781 patients on the specified dates were reviewed. 83.4% of the patients were male. 16.6% were foreign nationals. It was observed that the highest rate was during the pandemic period (35.7%) and patients who applied for forensic examination (83.8%). It was determined that most of the patients were discharged from the emergency department (98.1%), and most inpatients were followed up in the surgery services (0.6%). It was determined that forensic applications were at the lowest level after the declaration of a pandemic, and in the post-pandemic period, they exceeded the pre-pandemic level.
Conclusion: It is seen that the flow of forensic cases to emergency department does not decrease even in pandemics. Since most forensic cases have a traumatic process, emergency department applications can guide the number, character, and prognosis of forensic cases. In another pandemic, forensic events can be controlled.
Las masacres en Colombia en el libro de poemas El canto de las moscas de María Mercedes Carranza
Authors: Martínez Urrea Juan Camilo , Hernández Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Guzmán Rodríguez Rafael Ricardo , Sandoval Montenegro Álvaro Andrés 
Published: December 2023

Sobre el proceso de escritura de María Mercedes Carranza, dicho en sus propias palabras: “Yo cada día creo menos en la inspiración y creo más en el oficio, en el trabajo. Desde luego hay una emoción inicial pero no es lo que finalmente produce el poema
Evaluation of English Language Material for the 9th Grader Student at SMP Nurul Islam Ngemplak Boyolali
Authors: Wiratmoko Gandung , Muamaroh Muamaroh , Adityarini Hepy 
Published: December 2023

Teaching language in this global era demands mostly the creativity of the teachers, this is because in 21th century, students need to be critical thinkers, creative, communicative and collaborative. Therefore, the creativity of the teacher is manifested by evaluating the multiple resources and adapting or adopting them based on the contextualized learning situation including individual differences, styles and learners needs. It is also essential for the teacher to integrate the four macro skills in teaching language in order to make the students more communicative and collaborative. Hence, this paper presents the evaluation of the language teaching resources before and during applying them to the classroom contexts. The data were collected by document review and interview with the secondary school teacher. The data were analyzed qualitatively through interactive model. There is variation of the results based on the techniques of data collection. The interview shows that theoretically the teacher is creative to make the materials for students. Meanwhile, the document review findings show that there is a need of improvement on the way to evaluate and use the English materials based on the context. Finally, in evaluating the textbooks in order to adopt or adapt by adding or removing some materials to make English textbooks match with students’ contexts.
Keywords evaluation, adapting, adopting, macro skills, English language teaching.
CULTURA EMPRENDEDORA EN EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA EMPRENDE + JUGANDO
Authors: Loza Gloria Rebeca , Jiménez Zúñiga Luis Alfonso , Quirino Rodríguez Lucio Gpe. 
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación es el tema del emprendimiento. Siendo ocupación de todos los gobiernos el impulsar el emprendimiento por medio de programas educativos al obtener como meta: la educación emprendedora Sánchez (2010). El presente trabajo inicia en el año 2018 con la investigación para exponer la propuesta del diseño y resultados de la implementación de un proyecto multidisciplinario de estrategias denominado Emprende + Jugando; sumando alternativas de proyectos ya experimentados que se adecuen al logro del objetivo. Se pretende justificar la importancia de la educación emprendedora de los estudiantes de nivel básico y su capacitación; por lo tanto, la pregunta clave a responder es: ¿Cuáles son los beneficios que aporta la educación emprendedora en los niños de primaria? La investigación es descriptiva y exploratoria al planteamiento del problema: 1. Con base en una revisión minuciosa de material bibliográfico relacionado con el tema de emprendimiento en edades tempranas y sus beneficios. 2. Modelos existentes de fomento al emprendimiento en edades tempranas y sus características con los beneficios observables. 3. Tomando como referencia la escuela primaria publica de tiempo completo “Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada”, de la comunidad de Mazatlán, Sinaloa, se fincan las bases de interés según la investigación para el diseño y aplicación del programa que sirva de modelo para el fomento del emprendimiento en edades tempranas, exponiendo los resultados para cotejar los aprendizajes esperados con los logrados.
TINGKAT PENDAPATAN PETERNAK TERHADAP KOMODITAS UNGGULAN PETERNAKAN AYAM RAS PEDAGING DI KABUPATEN TABANAN
Authors: Putu Inten Rumini Ni Luh , Sri Budarsa I Gede Ketut 
Published: December 2023

Agribusiness is one unit of activities that deals with a sequence chains of production, yield processing, and marketing that correlated with agriculture in a wide sense. Thepoultry business is one kind of agribusiness which are commercially profitable. Thisresearch goal is to know the contribution of income rates and work to economic levelof chicken breeder in Tabanan regency. Research result shows chicken livestock inTabanan regency have a significant contribution to the income of chicken breeder.Majority of chicken breeder make a chicken livestock as a main job, this is shown by35 respondents from 50 respondents or 70% are make a chicken livestock as a mainjob, and 15 respondents or 30% make a chicken livestock only as a secondary jobnot as a main job.From 50 respondents, the average amount of chickens from one livestock are3,170 chickens for one respondents. The average income of chicken breeder is Rp327.524.375, maintenance cost Rp 273.482.130 with the profit Rp 54.042.245 peryear. Therefore one way to increase income level for the breeder is help and lend themmoney for initial capital with low rate and uncomplicated birocration. This Ï€can bedone by Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) and Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD).
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN DITINJAU DARI LIKUIDITAS DAN RENTABILITAS PADA PT. BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT SAPTACRISTY UTAMA, PENDAHULUAN Salah satu perusahaan yang menjual jasa adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang perbankan atau lebih dikenal dengan
Authors: Anggreni Putri 
Published: December 2023

The Intention of this research is to know level of likuiditas rentabilityand, its effectiveness and also growth of monetary performance which evaluatedfrom the level of likuiditas (cash ratio and loan to deposit ratio) and rentability(return on asset and of return on equity). The Analyzer which is used in this researchis monetary ratio analysis and statistical analysis. Statistical analysis which is usedis determination of historical standard with searching standard and mean of deviasifrom result of financial analysis, so that can assess effectiveness level and also itsgrowth. The analysis result which have done,showing that is monetary performance which is have a fluctuation. Likudity ratio analysis ratio and also adapted with historical standard pursuant to cash ratio,shows that the percentage in the 2009cash ratio equal to 14% (enough liquid), year 2010 going down to become 13,82%(enough liquid) and for year 2011 mounting to become 22% (liquid). For Loan ofdeposit ratio, in 2009 shows 79,27% number (enough liquid), mounting year 2010becoming 84,93% (enough liquid), while year 2011 going down to become 64,95%(less liquid). Rentability ratio is and also adapted for by historical standard, evaluatedfrom return n asset have effectiveness level which is have fluctuation, in 2009 assetson return equal to - 0,41 (efficient enough), mounting for 2010 becoming 1,98%(efficient enough), so also for 2011 equal to 4,46 is% (efficient). Rentability pursuantto return to equity have effectiveness level which is have fluctuation. in 2009 return onequity equal to - 3,89% (less efficient), mounting in 2010 becoming 11,26% (efficientenough), so also for 2011 becoming 18,85% (efficient enough). The suggestionwhich can be suggested to the BPR to be more improve asset of management andoptimise credit giving to society so that it can happened the increasing of profitcredit earnings at BPR, without disregarding observation to giving credit procespass through 5C application (character, capacity, capital, condition, collateral) toclient candidate.
KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KINERJA PEGAWAI SUATU STUDI PADA KANTOR SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: Pradnyana I Gusti Gde Oka , Widia Ningsih Anggreni 
Published: December 2023

Human factors arethe main functionswithin eachactivity. Allactions takenmust be initiated by the human members of the organization. Denpasar DistrictSecretariat ofï¬ ceis one of the functions of Government Agencies organizationofcommunity serviceto be onefocus of attention in performance improvement. One keyfactor to increase or decrease the performance of employees is the role of a leaderwhois able to provide motivation for employees.The purposeof this studyto determineand analyze the patterns of leadership and employee performance.In this study data collection through questionnaires proportional random sampling with a sample size of 57 employees, and analyzed using simple correlation analysis,signiï¬ cant test, simple regression analysis anddetermination, with using programSPSS16.0 For Windows, based on the resultsof research and discussion suggeststhat there relationships and inï¬‚ uences are very strong andsigniï¬ cant relationshipbetween leadership variablesonthe variable performance of employees in the Ofï¬ ceof the Regional Secretariat of Denpasar.
KAJIAN EKONOMI HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI DAN PEMASARAN GLASIR FG15 SUHU 1.250 FORUM MANAJEMEN, Volume 11, Nomor 1, Tahun 2013 O C â€“ 1.300 C SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP HARGA JUAL DAN KEPUTUSAN BISNIS PADA UPT PSTKP BALI â€“ BPPT
Authors: Normal I Nyoman 
Published: December 2023

Glazur is a material that simialiar of thin mirror and will trickle withbodies if it ï¬ red at high temperature. Basic glazur must have the same expantiontemperature as the bland, so if it ï¬ red its glazur did not crack. The aims of this researchthat relate of FG15 glazur were : (1) To calculate cost of goods manufactured; (2)To identify marketing mix; (3) To determine cost price; and (4) To know usefull ofstandard costing for business decision. The research results that relate of FG15glazur were : (1) Cost of goods manufactured was Rp 24.127,71, that followed by :raw material cost Rp 1.414,95, direct labour cost Rp 11.632,37, variable overhead cost Rp 7.215,91, and ï¬ xed overhead cost Rp 3.864,48 ; (2) The marketing mix was not applicated by commercial, the component of marketing mix that followed byproduct, price, distribution, and promotion still minimal and simple; (3) The sellingprice was Rp 27.746,87 each liter, that followed by : cost of goods manufacturedRp 24.127,71, expected proï¬ t margin Rp 1.206,38, operating expense Rp 2.412,77(marketing expense Rp 1.447,66 and general & administartion expense Rp 965,11);and (4) Standard cost application is very usefull into business decision for FG15glazur, that is : a) As a tool of performance and cost control into produce of FG15Glazur(such as : marketing manajer performnace, production manajer performance,raw material cost, direct labor cost, etc) , b) As a tool of sell pricing and transferpricing decision of FG15 glazur (such as : selling price, transfer price, inventoryvalue, etc); c) As a tool of rasional cost measurement of FG15 glazur (such as : costof goods manufactured, operating expense, etc), and d) As a tool of recording costeconomizing that related of FG15 glazur (if compare with actual cost).
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN LOYALITAS PELANGGAN JP-GRAHA PADA PT. JASA RAHARJA PUTERA CABANG DENPASAR
Authors: Mela Ratini Putu 
Published: December 2023

Insurance Industry in Indonesia in order to remain exist with the currenteconomic conditions shall require that the insurance industry can compete withother insurance industries, hence it will be need a good marketing strategy. One ofappropriate approach usage for customer satisfaction that is by improve servicequality. As the passing of free trade in global competition, the issue of service qualitybecome one of the important and very necessary to get serious consideration forany company to survive. Service quality alone is not enough to win the competition,but must build a positive image among customers to arise loyalty. The aim of thisstudy was to ï¬ nd out the simultaneous effect of tangible, reliability, responsiveness,assurance and empathy towards JP-Graha customerâ€™s satisfaction at PT JasaRaharja Putera Branch of Denpasar.These study were used explanation study by purposive sampling method so thatobtained number of sample were 90 people. Techniques of data analysis were useanalysis factor and path analysis.The results has been obtained that tangible variables have signiï¬ cant effect oncustomer satisfaction variables, reliability variable have signiï¬ cant effect oncustomer satisfaction, responsiveness variable have signiï¬ cant effect on the customersatisfaction variables, assurance variables have signiï¬ cant affect on customersatisfaction variables, emphaty variable have signiï¬ cant effect on the customersatisfaction variable, customer satisfaction variables have signiï¬ cant effect on thecustomer loyalty variables.Implications of these study in order the management should to conduct improvementand consummation on the factors that have affect on customer satisfaction that aretangible variables require attention at the ofï¬ ce layout to make it look more modernand attractive. On the dimensions of reliability and responsiveness, especiallyregarding the companyâ€™s ability to provide services as promised through selfimprovement,and moresensitive to customer complaints.
FLUKTUASI NILAI KURS DAN INFLASI PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP EKSPOR IMPOR DAN NERACA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA TAHUN 2007-2015
Authors: Gede Udiyana Ida Bagus , Setiyarti Tettie 
Published: December 2023

The trade balance in the diffrerence or difference between export and import. If the value of the import was higher than export value then that happens in the deficit. Conversely, if the value of exports is higher than the imports value then that happens is the surplus. This study aim to know the influance of the fluctuation of the value of exchange rate and inflation against import export, and the influence of the fluctuation of the value of exchange rate , inflation and import export against trade balance. The hypotesis in this research is there is the influence of the exchange rate and inflation simultaneously against the import export and trade balance. The data used are the mountly data from the years 2007 â€“ 2015 that consists of the data trade balance, exchange rate and inflation. The source of the data in this research are derived from documentation data bank of Indonesia and central bureau of statistik. Methods of analysis used is path analysis using SPSS. The results of this research found that the simultaneously rate and inflation is negative and significant effect against the import export, however partially, inflation has no effect against the import export, whereas the exchange rate effect towards import export. The result of this research also found that simultaneously inflation, exchange rate and export import is negative and significant effect against the trade balance, partially rate and inflation has no effect against the trade balance, whereas import export have significant influence towards trade balance.