bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Cyclic Voltamnetric Study for the Selective and Sensitive Electroanalytical Determination of Chromium Picolinate in Absence and Presence of Some Reagents in KBr Medium Using Gold Electrode. Application to Commercial Capsules
Authors: Salem Yara , Gomaa Esam A. , Sheribah Z. A. , Fathy M. E. , EL-Din M. K. Sharaf 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the electrochemical behavior of chromium picolonate (Cr-Pic) in a KBr medium using cyclic voltammetry (CV) with an Au electrode. The determination of Cr-Pic is of great importance due to its potential health benefits and industrial applications. The impact of the presence of various reagents on the electrochemical response of Cr-Pic is also discussed. The study further explores the applicability of the developed method for the analysis of Cr-Pic in commercial capsules. Chromium ions gave a reduction wave above 2.0 V, mainly because of the evolution of gases in the medium. In this work, the catalytic chromium peaks have appeared, affected by the gold electrode. The results were analyzed in the presence or absence of the dye Diamond Fuchsial Basic Violet (1.0 10-2) M in order to assess how the dye and metal ions will interact in solution. We assess the values of the solvation and kinetic parameters (surface coverage, heterogeneous rate constant, diffusion coefficient, and amount of electricity) based on this research. Moreover, the impact of various reactant concentrations, scan rates, and temperatures Different concentrations of Cr-Pic were applied, and the redox peaks were analyzed. Oxidation and reduction waves of Cr-Pic were linearly dependent on its concentration, and calibration curves were linear in the range (0.662–3.23) µM with limits of detection (LOD) (0.215) or (0.053) µM and limits of quantitation (LOQ) (0.654) or (0.163) µM for the gold electrode reduction and oxidation waves, respectively. Adding different concentrations of the dye Diamond Fuchsial Basic Violet (1.0 ×10-2) M to Cr-Pic was necessary, and accordingly, the analysis data is presented in text. The method was successful in the analytical quantification of Cr-Pic in the pharmaceutical capsule. The results were evaluated in comparison with those attained by the comparative approach, and they revealed an acceptable level of agreement. The International Council of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines approved the method to be validated. The effect of Cr-Pic on oxygen waves was also studied, and it was found that a decrease in O2 waves was observed, proving the use of Cr-Pic as a useful antioxidant supplement. Conclusion: Therefore, with minimal risk to people or the environment, the new approach may be employed in the regular quality control investigation of Cr-Pic.
Assessment of the fuel efficiency in Air Traffic Management
Authors: Malikov Bahruz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In this article, statistical analyses were conducted to assess the environmental benefits of ATM operational measures. Both overflights and arrivals-departure traffic data were referred as the primary evaluation source. The post-pandemic rate of air traffic was utilized to project its progress until 2027. PBN measures and airspace upgrades impact were reckoned upon the fuel efficiency within the boundary of the flight information region Baku. Ultimately, the fuel efficiency from the implementation of PBN operational measures and modernization of airspace within the boundary of FIR Baku was assessed.
A combined method for the stability characteristics of FG a nanobeam embedded in an elastic matrix
Authors: Uzun Büşra , Yaylı Mustafa Özgür 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The investigation conducted in this work aims to investigate the stability response of functionally graded restrained nanobeams with four different porosity distributions and embedded in the Winkler foundation. To take into concern the size effects, Eringen's nonlocal elasticity is employed as a higher-order continuum theory. The material properties of the functionally graded porous nano-sized beam with deformable boundaries are changed gradually in spatial coordinates through the power-law model which covers four kinds of porosity distributions. A system of linear equations consists of infinite power series for an embedded functionally graded porous nanobeam under axial point loads obtained from Fourier trigonometric series and Stokes’ transformation is solved by an eigenvalue problem which satisfies rigid or deformable supporting conditions including classical boundary conditions such as simply supported, clamped-clamped and clamped-pinned. Analytical results are obtained for various porosity distributions and boundary conditions to reveal the effects of nonlocality, Winkler foundation and power-law index on the lateral buckling behavior of a functionally graded nanoscale nanobeam.
Multifidus restoration combined with intraoperative soft tissue debridement to reduce surgical site infections in spine surgery: A retrospective study
Authors: Ma Zheng , Chen Tao-Ping , Chen Kang , Wang Yun-Fei , Zhang Xin-Rong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are serious postoperative complications that significantly increase the suffering of patients and increase hospitalization costs. Debridement is effective in treating surgical incision infections, but intraoperative soft tissue debridement for preventing postoperative infections after spinal surgery is rarely reported.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of multifidus restoration combined with soft tissue debridement in reducing the incidence of SSIs in spinal surgery.
Study Design: This was a retrospective study.
Patient Sample: All patients undergoing spinal surgery in our orthopedic department over a 9-year period were included in this study.
Outcome Measures: The SSI rate, operative time, fixed segment, incision length, subcutaneous fat thickness at the incision site, intraoperative blood loss, drainage tube indwelling time, volume of drainage, surgical site visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and white blood cell count were observed and recorded.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients undergoing spinal surgery at our institution from January 2013 to December 2021. The patients were assorted into the following groups: group 1, patients who underwent multifidus restoration combined with soft tissue debridement (MR/STD) during spinal surgery from January 2018 to December 2021; group 2, patients who did not receive the aforementioned treatment during the surgery, from January 2013 to December 2018. The primary outcome was SSIs.
Results: A total of 500 patients were included. In group 1 (N = 254), 4 (1.6 %) patients developed SSI. In group 2 (N= 246), 13 (5.3%) patients developed SSI. No significant differences were found in age, sex, average surgery time, fixed segment, incision length, blood loss, drainage tube indwelling time, and total drainage fluid between the two groups (P > 0.05). Statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed in SSI rate, white blood cell count, and VAS scores (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: MR/STD could reduce the rate of spinal surgery site infection and partially relieve postoperative surgical site pain symptoms. Moreover, these procedures did not incur additional surgical trauma.
Correlation between the degree of alveolar bone resorption and oral and maxillofacial cancer: A cohort study.
Authors: Wang ChenRu , Liu XiaoShan , He RuiWen , Wang ShuoYu , Wu MengXun , Zhang TongHan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: The degree of alveolar bone resorption was observed via cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and its correlation with the site of oral and maxillofacial cancer was investigated.
Methods: A total of 110 patients with an average age of 57.07 years were enrolled from June 2020 to June 2023 according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The degree of alveolar bone resorption was analyzed via CBCT, and its correlation with oral and maxillofacial cancer sites, pathological findings and TNM stages was statistically analyzed.
Results: Different pathological findings of oral and maxillofacial tumors were significantly associated with the degree of alveolar bone resorption (P<0.05). The factors affecting the degree of alveolar bone resorption included sex, age, and cancer site. There was a positive linear relationship between the different TNM stages and the degree of alveolar bone resorption (P<0.05), and there was no significant linear relationship between the different degrees of pathological differentiation and the degree of alveolar bone resorption (P>0.05). Regardless of the presence or absence of cervical lymph node metastasis, the alveolar bone in the oral cavity had different degrees of resorption (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The correlation between the degree of alveolar bone resorption and postoperative TNM stage of oral and maxillofacial tumors can provide a certain degree of reference value for oral and maxillofacial and head-neck tumors in clinical workers.
Silver Nanoparticles Decorated Wide Band Gap MoS 2 Nanosheet: Enhanced Optical and Electrical Properties
Authors: Gogoi Priyanku , Deb Sulochana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Metal nanoparticles decorated Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) nanosheets have received great attention of researchers due to their potential applications in biosensing, optoelectronics, photocatalysis, SERS, etc. Here, we report the enhanced optical and electrical properties of wide band gap MoS2 nanosheets when decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag-MoS2 nanosheets). Field Emission Scanning Electron Spectroscopy (FESEM) images reveal the formation of well-shaped MoS2 nanosheet-like structures decorated with silver nanowires. MoS2 nanosheets are 27.9 µm long and 12.9 µm wide and the thickness is in the range of nanometer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra show peaks at 25.46°, 33.79°, 36.28°, and 50.97° corresponding to (111), (100), (102), and (105) crystalline planes for pure MoS2 and at 47.26° and 78.28° corresponding to the (200) and (311) crystalline planes for silver in Ag- MoS2 nanosheets respectively. The UV-Vis absorption peak is observed at 340 nm for MoS2 but gets blue-shifted for Ag-MoS2 nanosheets. The calculated band gap is found to be 3.05eV for MoS2 nanosheet, so it falls under the category of wide band gap (2–4 eV) semiconductors which can have potential application in UV photodetection. From the photoluminescence spectra, we have observed enhanced emission for Ag-MoS2 in the range of 410–470 nm for the excitation wavelength 280 nm. Raman peak intensity of MoS2 nanosheet has increased significantly when decorated with Ag nanostructure which can have potential SERS application. I-V characteristic of Ag-MoS2 nanosheets under illumination exhibits negative photoconductivity but is positive for pristine MoS2 nanosheets.
EEG control intention decoding based on improved discriminant analysis
Authors: Fu Rongrong , Li Linyu , Xiang Yifan , Lu Bin , Chen Junxiang , Wang Fuwang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Decoding the intent of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals is a crucial topic in brain-computer interface research. As a classical multivariate statistical method, discriminant analysis is widely used in EEG-based intent decoding. The core prin-ciple entails building a discriminant model with established observation indices as training samples, enabling the discrimi-nation and classification of unattributed samples based on this model. In the process of deciding the discriminant rules, typical discriminant analysis methods are efficient and simple, but they rely on two traditional estimators leading to the sample mean and the sample scatter matrix, which implies that they lack robustness. This study examines four discriminant analysis methods including linear discriminant analysis, quadratic discriminant analysis, regularized discriminant analysis, general-ized discriminant analysis. The study further introduces robust discriminant analysis, investigating the classifier performance when robustness is enhanced in the estimation of mean vectors and covariance matrices. Research findings indicate that the proposed robust discriminant analysis classifier exhibits superior classification accuracy and enhanced robustness.
Analysis of the social and cognitive changes of the human brain in autism based on functional properties
Authors: Lv Rui , Zhao Hai-Chen , Zhang Guang-Yu , Wang Xin-Ran , Fu Bin , Cai Xiao-Tao , Bao Xiang-Yuan , He Le-min 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Many previous studies have suggested the atypical functional changes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, little is known about potential influences mediated by the alterations of functional properties of brain regions in ASD. To study this issue, data of forty-seven people with ASD and 47 well-matched typical developing (TD) individuals from a single site NYU Langone Medical Center was used in the current study. Functional properties of brain regions, including neural activity strength, functional complexity, and entropy connectivity, were utilized to explore atypical changes of brain function in people with ASD. We found weakened or enhanced changes of functional properties in the amygdala, PHG, frontal superior medial gyrus, precuneus, and SMG in ASD compared with TD. Additionally, we observed significant correlations between those altered functional properties and clinical characteristics, which included symptom-related indicators, age, and handedness in ASD. Our findings indicated that altered functional properties might have negative impacts on social and cognitive function in ASD, which contributes to the basis of some characteristic aspects of ASD symptomatology. In addition, the atypical local functional architectures of some brain regions might adjust the directional connectivity pattern of the default mode network, amygdala, and PHG, which might potentially affect the behavioral performance in ASD.
HPLC-UV monitored photostability-test of LE404 and identification of the degradation products via NMR and LC‑HRMS
Authors: Zergiebel Stephanie , Ueberschaar Nico , Plentz Jonathan , Seeling Andreas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Dibenzoazecines are a new class of potential neuroleptics with a high potential for the treatment of schizophrenia. Initial stress tests indicated that the lead compound, LE404, decomposed when exposed to oxygen and sunlight. In this follow up study, the influence of oxidative stress and photosensitivity was examined in compliance with ICH guidelines. The results of this study are important for identifying and predicting potential impurities of LE404 and for adjusting storage condition to prevent compound degradation. The exposure of LE404 to a light source, similar to the natural sunlight spectrum and intensity, was investigated in compliance with ICH-Q1B. The influence of oxidizing agents was investigated under exclusion of light. Two degradation products were observed. The extent and rate of degradation in both experiments were continuously monitored using RP-HPLC-UV. Chromatographic separations were achieved with a phenomenex™ Gemini 5 µm C18 110 Å (250×4.60 mm) column at 220 nm, using acetonitrile/KH2PO4 buffer (4 mmol⋅L-1, pH 2.5) as mobile phase. The photodegradation product was isolated by using semi-preparative RP-HPLC. The oxidation product was obtained by quantitative conversion of LE404 in hydrogen peroxide followed through purification using preparative TLC. The structures of both degradation products were elucidated using HR-MS/MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR as well as FTIR spectroscopy. The structural characterization of the degradation products serves as the basis for subsequent investigations into their toxicity. This is of high importance because phototoxic and photoallergic reactions pose a significant risk, especially with long-term medications, as it is not possible to completely avoid exposure to sunlight.
Cluster analysis of medical students' attitudes regarding people who use drugs: a first step to design a tailored education program
Authors: Richelle Lou , Dramaix-Wilmet Michèle , Vanderhofstadt Quentin , Kornreich Charles 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction: People with a substance use disorder (SUD) are dealing with many stigmas including from the health care system. In this study, we investigated the attitudes of final year medical students towards SUD people and tried to understand what influence.
Methods: We conducted a two-stage cluster analysis (hierarchical ascending classification followed by K-means clustering) based on the “beSAAS”. We administrated this 23-item questionnaire to 923 final-year medical students in Belgium (response rate = 71,1%). Socio-demographic characteristics were compared between the clusters.
Results: 4 clusters of students with specific characteristics emerged. The first, “The Inclusive” (including 27,9% of respondents) had the less negative attitudes, they wanted to specialize mainly into psychiatry and gynecology. The second, “The Centrists" (23,6%) consisted mainly of male students. They had many private and professional experiences with substance use and considered themselves less healthy than the others. Most of them wanted to specialize in pediatrics and general practice. Their attitudes were slightly negative towards people with SUD. The third, “The Moralists” (27,6%), were mainly older, from non-European countries, had the least experience with substance use (or contact mainly in hospitals), had the less high mother’s level of education and reported excellent health. They were heading toward other specialities. They had the most stereotypes and moralism and the less treatment optimism. The fourth, “The Specialists” (20,8%), were the most in favor of specialized treatment. This group had a higher proportion of Belgians, females, and students with specific contacts with this population. They intended especially to specialize into internal medicine. This study revealed 4 profiles of medical students with different attitudes towards SUD people. “The Moralists", including more than a quarter of the respondents, were characterized by strong stereotypes and moralism and very little treatment optimism.
Conclusion: These clusters could contribute to designing a learner-centered program aimed at addressing stigma within the main curriculum.
Barriers to Contraceptive Access and Use among Youth (15-24 Years) Living in Informal Urban Settlements of Kigali, Rwanda: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Okello Emmanuel Okiror , Murinzi Alexandre Edgard , Nduwimana Colyse , Nambaziira Rashidah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Contraceptive use among youth below 19 years in Rwanda is still very low, as low as 3.7%, yet their level of sexual activity is high. By 2020, 42% and 31% of women and men respectively had initiated sex before the age of 20 years. Rwanda’s total population is composed of 67% young people below 25 years. Low contraceptive use among this youth population increases their risk of unintended pregnancies, sexual violence, and sexually transmitted infections. Additionally, 61.3% of Rwanda’s population lives in informal settlements/slums. There is no documented study in Rwanda that has examined contraceptive use among youth living in informal urban settlements/slums. Therefore, this study was to identify the barriers to contraceptive access and use among youth aged 15-24 years, living in informal urban settlements in Kigali.
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study that employed qualitative methods of data collection. Forty five participants were conveniently and purposively selected and guided interviews were conducted with them in six focused group discussions and thirteen in-depth interviews. Recorded audios were transcribed and translated before a deductive thematic analysis was conducted.
Results: Barriers faced by the participants were summarized deductively into four themes. 1) Accessibility barriers – including closed service points, far service points, long waiting time, not knowing where to go with health facilities; 2) Acceptability barriers – perceived or real lack of confidentiality and privacy at service points and among service providers; 3) Affordability barriers – expensive contraceptives and financial challenges; 4) Availability barriers –unavailability and constant stock out and 5) Accommodation barriers – concerns about contraceptives (myths), fear of side effects, busy/absent service providers, feeling embarrassed/guilty, service provide bias, restrictive laws and stigma/poor attitude.
Conclusion: The youth living in impoverished communities within large cities face a lot of challenges accessing and utilizing reproductive health services. In this study several accessibility, acceptability, accommodation, availability and affordability barriers were identified. The government and other implementing partners can benchmark on these barriers to improve the contraceptive and reproductive health services for youth living in informal urban settlements.
Transumbilical single-site double-port laparoscopic appendectomy versus three-port laparoscopic appendectomy in children: a single center experience
Authors: QIN Hong , LIU Hongzhen , XIA Tian , TANG Bingqiang , ZHANG Shisong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective：Transumbilical single-site double-port laparoscopic appendectomy (TSSDPLA) is a new and minimally invasive technique for the treatment of acute appendicitis. This study aimed to explore the clinical outcomes of TSSDPLA versus three-port laparoscopic appendectomy(TPLA) for children with acute appendicitis．
Methods：A total of 246 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy between July 2022 and July 2023 at Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital affiliated to Shandong University were were divided into two groups: TSSDPLA and TPLA groups. The collected data were: patient demographics, leukocyte count on arrival, operation time, operating room costs, and complications.
Results: No significant differences in age, gender, leukocyte counts, liquid diet, length of stay pathology or complications were found between TSSDPLA and TPLA groups. The mean operating room costs were significantly lower in TSSDPLA group(p<0.001), and the mean operation time of the TSSDPLA group is slightly longer than that of the TPLA group.
Conclusions：Transumbilical single-site double-port laparoscopic appendectomy (TSSDPLA) was a technically feasible method of treating uncomplicated acute appendicitis compared with TPLA. It has advantages such as better cosmetic incision, less trauma, lower cost. This’s a supplement and improvement to three-port laparoscopic surgery. It can be used widely.
Gait analysis and improvement in sports based on optical holographic imaging and pressure sensor
Authors: Lin Junxian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Gait analysis is an important indicator for evaluating athletes' technical level and physical condition, but traditional methods have limitations on the accuracy and real-time performance of gait. Therefore, this article proposes a novel gait analysis method using optical holographic imaging technology and pressure sensor technology. This article establishes an experimental system consisting of an optical holographic imaging device and a pressure sensor, which captures real-time gait data of athletes and converts it into digital signals. By using optical holographic imaging technology, obtain 3D gait images of athletes, as well as detailed information such as joint angles and joint motion trajectories. Pressure sensors can measure the pressure distribution of athletes' feet in real-time, providing more comprehensive gait data. Subsequently, the collected gait data is analyzed and identified, and accurate gait patterns are established through training models for evaluating and classifying different gait types. The research results indicate that gait analysis methods based on optical holographic imaging and pressure sensors have great potential and can be applied to gait improvement and technical training in sports.