bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Cochlear Implant Effectiveness With Surface-Based Morphometry
Authors: Minami Shujiro , Takahashi Masahiro , Shinden Seiichi , Shirai Kyoko , Oishi Naoki , Nishimura Hiroshi , Masuda Masatsugu , Masuda Sawako , Nishiyama Takanori , Hosoya Makoto , Ueno Masafumi , Kashio Akinori , Yamada Hiroyuki , Matsunaga Tatsuo , Kaga Kimitaka , Shintani Ayumi , Nemoto Kiyotaka 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study aimed to determine whether surface-based morphometry of preoperative whole-brain three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images can predict the clinical outcomes of cochlear implantation.

Study Design
This was an observational, multicenter study using preoperative MRI data.

Setting
The study was conducted at tertiary care referral centers.

Patients
Sixty-four patients with severe to profound hearing loss (≥70 dB bilaterally), who were scheduled for cochlear implant (CI) surgery, were enrolled. The patients included 19 with congenital hearing loss and 45 with acquired hearing loss.

Interventions
Participants underwent CI surgery. Before surgery, high-resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted brain MRI was performed, and the images were analyzed using FreeSurfer.

Main Outcome Measures
The primary outcome was monosyllable audibility under quiet conditions 6 months after surgery. Cortical thickness residuals within 34 regions of interest (ROIs) as per the Desikan-Killiany cortical atlas were calculated based on age and healthy-hearing control regression lines.

Results
Rank logistic regression analysis detected significant associations between CI effectiveness and five right hemisphere ROIs and five left hemisphere ROIs. Predictive modeling using the cortical thickness of the right entorhinal cortex and left medial orbitofrontal cortex revealed a significant correlation with speech discrimination ability. This correlation was higher in patients with acquired hearing loss than in those with congenital hearing loss.

Conclusions
Preoperative surface-based morphometry could potentially predict CI outcomes and assist in patient selection and clinical decision making. However, further research with larger, more diverse samples is necessary to confirm these findings and determine their generalizability.
Cochlear Implantation in Children Under 9 Months of Age: Safety and Efficacy
Authors: Cottrell Justin , Spitzer Emily , Friedmann David , Jethanamest Daniel , McMenomey Sean , Thomas Roland J. , Waltzman Susan 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To assess the safety of cochlear implants (CIs) in children under 9 months of age to better understand expected postoperative complication rates, and to provide a preliminary look at efficacy.

Study Design
Single-center retrospective review.

Setting
Tertiary referral center.

Patients
Children 5 to 8 months of age who received a CI between 2011 and 2021.

Interventions
Therapeutic—CI.

Main Outcome Measures
The primary outcome was 6-month postoperative complication rate. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, device explantation/reimplantation, rehabilitation supports, and hearing and language outcomes. Complications of children implanted under than 9 months of age was compared with a cohort of children implanted 9 to 18 months of age between the years 2011 and 2016 using a chi-squared test (p < 0.05).

Results
One hundred six children under 9 months of age were implanted (204 CIs) at a mean age of 6.6 months (range: 5–8). Postoperative complications occurred in 28 patients (26%) and were often minor. There were no mortalities. There was no statistically significant difference in complications, including reimplantation rates, between patients implanted under 9 months of age and those implanted 9 to 18 months of age. Speech discrimination outcomes were excellent, and mean spoken language outcomes were near normative for typically developing children.

Conclusions
Cochlear implantation can be a safe and effective treatment option for children 5 to 8 months of age. Early hearing screening and referral for infants to receive appropriate intervention will continue to play a critical role in optimizing speech and language outcomes.
Outpatient respiratory syncytial virus infections and novel preventive interventions
Authors: Hak Sarah F. , Venekamp Roderick P. , Wildenbeest Joanne G. , Bont Louis J. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
With interventions to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection within reach, this review aims to provide healthcare professionals with the latest information necessary to inform parents and assess the potential impact of RSV prevention on everyday practice. We address frequently asked questions for parental counseling.

Recent findings
Numerous studies emphasize the major burden of RSV on young children, parents, healthcare and society. In the first year of life, about 14% of healthy term infants visit a doctor and 2% require hospitalization due to RSV. In older children (1--5 years), RSV infections and associated morbidity (wheeze, acute otitis media) are major drivers of outpatient visits. A novel maternal RSV vaccine and long-acting mAb can provide protection during infants’ first months of life. This maternal vaccine showed 70.9% efficacy against severe RSV infection within 150 days after birth; the mAb nirsevimab reduces medically attended RSV infections by 79.5% within 150 days after administration. Both gained regulatory approval in the USA (FDA) and Europe (EMA).

Summary
Novel RSV immunizations hold promise to reduce the RSV burden in infants, with substantial impact on everyday practice. Tailored parental guidance will be instrumental for successful implementation. Awaiting pediatric vaccines, RSV infections beyond infancy will still pose a significant outpatient burden.
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma With Clear Cell Features and FGFR3::TACC3 Gene Rearrangement
Authors: Suster David , Mackinnon A. Craig , Ronen Natali , Mejbel Haider A. , Harada Shuko , Suster Saul 
Published: December 2023

Seven cases of primary lung tumors characterized histologically by clear cell morphology and a distinctive FGFR3::TACC3 gene rearrangement are described. The tumors arose in 4 women and 3 men, aged 47 to 81 years (mean=68). They occurred in peripheral locations, predominantly subpleural, and ranged in size from 1.4 to 6.5 cm (mean=4.1 cm). All tumors showed a solid growth pattern with abundant central areas of necrosis and marked nuclear pleomorphism. The tumors demonstrated clear cell histology, with large cohesive tumor cells displaying atypical nuclei and abundant clear cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical stains identified a squamous phenotype in 5 cases and an adenocarcinoma phenotype in 2 cases. One case was a squamous cell carcinoma with focal glandular component, and one of the squamous cell carcinomas showed focal sarcomatoid changes. Next generation sequencing identified FGFR3::TACC3 gene rearrangements in all 7 cases. One case demonstrated a concurrent activating FGFR3 mutation and a second case demonstrated concurrent FGFR3 amplification. Two cases harbored a concurrent KRAS G12D mutation. One case harbored both KRAS and EGFR mutations, and 1 case had a concurrent TP53 mutation. Non-small cell lung carcinoma harboring FGFR3::TACC3 gene rearrangements is extremely rare, and this rearrangement may potentially be enriched in tumors that demonstrate clear cell histology. Identification of FGFR3::TACC3 in patients with lung carcinomas with clear cell features may be of importance as they could potentially be candidates for therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Use of Resorbable Fixation for Posterior Cranial Vault Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: Cho Daniel Y. , Blum Jessica D. , Villavisanis Dillan F. , Ng Jinggang J. , Swanson Jordan , Bartlett Scott P. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
Posterior vault distraction osteogenesis traditionally relies on the use of cranial distractors affixed with titanium screws to the posterior cranial vault transport segment to allow for expansion of intracranial volume. The authors describe a novel technique using the resorbable fixation Synthes Rapidsorb Injectable Polymer System for stable fixation of the distraction hardware for posterior vault distraction osteogenesis. In a retrospective review of their experience with the system, there was no instance of hardware or fixation failure. This off-label use of Rapidsorb system resulted in a significant reduction in operative time for hardware removal and allowed for a more limited dissection, which can help reduce the incidence of devascularization of the bony regenerate, bony relapse, and other complications.
Visual Attention toward Patients with Hemifacial Microsomia Reconstruction: A Prospective Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Villavisanis Dillan F. , Workman Clifford I. , Zapatero Zachary D. , Vu Giap H. , Humphries Stacey A. , Cho Daniel Y. , Swanson Jordan W. , Bartlett Scott P. , Chatterjee Anjan , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Facial areas attracting the most visual attention in hemifacial microsomia (HFM) are poorly understood. Furthermore, it is not clear whether and how visual attention changes from before surgery to after surgery. This study characterized layperson visual attention to before and after reconstruction HFM using eye-tracking technology.

Methods:
Visual fixations (Tobii Pro Nano) were recorded in 4 areas of interest from 60 participants completing 2 consecutive trials of 68 total images in each hemiface of 17 patients with HFM before and after orthognathic jaw reconstruction. Linear mixed effect models evaluated whether visual fixations were affected by surgical reconstruction.

Results: A total of
47,354 visual fixations were captured over 120 trials within defined areas of interest. Linear mixed effect models revealed significantly decreased postoperative visual fixations in the mandible and chin region [before reconstruction, 716 (54.8%); after reconstruction, 591 (45.2%); β = −0.198, SE = 0.056, z = −3.550, P < 0.001). Analysis also revealed significantly increased postoperative visual fixations in the forehead and orbit region (before reconstruction, 11,350 [48.6%]; after reconstruction, 12,000 [51.4%]; β = 0.086, SE = 0.015, z = 5.664, P < 0.00001).

Conclusions:
Following corrective jaw surgery for HFM, laypersons demonstrated significantly less visual attention to the mandible and chin and increased visual attention to the forehead and orbit. These findings suggest that postoperative improvement toward aesthetic normalcy may reduce visual attention to previously anomalous anatomy.
Nasal Dorsum Anatomy of Major Different Ethnicities—Surgical Implications: A Multicenter Radiologic Study
Authors: Rodrigues Dias David , Santos Mariline , Sharafi Maryam , Jalessi Maryam , McIntosh Cameron , Stutterheim James , Kim Jisun , Jeon Seung Yeon , Kang Sun Seong , Pedroza Carlos , Pedroza Daniel , Rusetsky Yury , Dobrokhotova Margarita , Lezhnev Dmitry , Gonçalves Ferreira Miguel 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The heterogeneity of nasal features across different racial and ethnic groups is evident. This large-scale multicenter study was performed to evaluate the dorsal keystone area and its relation to superficial nasal anatomy through computed tomography (CT) scans.

Methods:
Six populations were included: South Caucasian, Middle Eastern, Black South African, Eastern Asian, Mestizo, and Eastern European. Each center obtained CT scans performed between January of 2020 and December of 2022 from patients presenting a nasal hump and from an age- and sex-matched control group. Osteocartilaginous measurements in relation to ethmoidal point and to rhinion, as well as their relation to superficial nasal anatomy, were collected from nasal CT scans in midsagittal view. These were compared between populations and, in each center, between patient groups (nasal hump versus no nasal hump).

Results:
The study population included 600 patients (254 with nasal hump) with a mean age of 33.98 years (range, 18 to 59 years); 55.6% were women. Average distances from the ethmoidal point were 10.1 ± 3.5 mm to the rhinion and 1.68 ± 0.23 mm to the beginning point of the nasal hump. In 96% of cases, the ethmoidal point was cranial or no more than 5 mm caudal to the beginning of the nasal hump. S-shaped nasal bones were associated with nasal hump, but angulation (kyphion angle) did not correlate with nasal hump height.

Conclusions:
In most patients, the nasal hump has no ethmoid bone underneath it, and the apex is located over the septal cartilage. The ethmoidal point is a reliable landmark and should be considered when evaluating established and new preservation and structural rhinoplasty approaches.
Local Postoperative Graft Inflammation in Pancreas Transplant Patients With Early Graft Thrombosis
Authors: Rydenfelt Kristina , Kjøsen Gisle , Horneland Rune , Krey Ludviksen Judith , Jenssen Trond Geir , Line Pål-Dag , Tønnessen Tor Inge , Mollnes Tom Eirik , Haugaa Håkon , Pischke Søren Erik 
Published: December 2023

Background.
Graft thrombosis is the main cause of early graft loss following pancreas transplantation, and is more frequent in pancreas transplant alone (PTA) compared with simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) recipients. Ischemia-reperfusion injury during transplantation triggers a local thromboinflammatory response. We aimed to evaluate local graft inflammation and its potential association with early graft thrombosis.

Methods.
In this observational study, we monitored 67 pancreas-transplanted patients using microdialysis catheters placed on the pancreatic surface during the first postoperative week. We analyzed 6 cytokines, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, IL-8, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), macrophage inflammatory protein 1β (MIP-1β), IL-10, and the complement activation product complement activation product 5a (C5a) in microdialysis fluid. We compared the dynamic courses between patients with pancreas graft thrombosis and patients without early complications (event-free) and between PTA and SPK recipients. Levels of the local inflammatory markers, and plasma markers C-reactive protein, pancreas amylase, and lipase were evaluated on the day of thrombosis diagnosis compared with the first week in event-free patients.

Results.
IL-10 and C5a were not detectable. Patients with no early complications (n = 34) demonstrated high IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, and MIP-1β concentrations immediately after surgery, which decreased to steady low levels during the first 2 postoperative days (PODs). Patients with early graft thrombosis (n = 17) demonstrated elevated IL-6 (P = 0.003) concentrations from POD 1 and elevated IL-8 (P = 0.027) concentrations from POD 2 and throughout the first postoperative week compared with patients without complications. IL-6 (P < 0.001) and IL-8 (P = 0.003) were higher on the day of thrombosis diagnosis compared with patients without early complications. No differences between PTA (n = 35) and SPK (n = 32) recipients were detected.

Conclusions.
Local pancreas graft inflammation was increased in patients experiencing graft thrombosis, with elevated postoperative IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations, but did not differ between PTA and SPK recipients. Investigating the relationship between the local cytokine response and the formation of graft thrombosis warrants further research.
Special considerations for assessing and caring for autism in girls and women
Authors: Rynkiewicz Agnieszka , Zheng Shuting , Lacroix Adeline 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
As the specificities of autistic women are increasingly recognized, this review aims to highlight emerging areas of research. These areas primarily focus on measurement bias of diagnostic tools, the physical and mental health of autistic women, and the unique aspects of the lives of autistic women, both personally and professionally across all life stages.

Recent findings
Conventional diagnostic tools struggle to capture the specificities of autism in females, but more sensitive instruments like the GQ-ASC (Girls’ Questionnaire for Autism Spectrum Conditions), later also referred to as Q-ASC (Questionnaire for Autism Spectrum Conditions) in the scientific literature, show better performances. Autistic women face particular challenges, including an increased risk of physical and mental health problems throughout their lives as women (puberty, motherhood, menopause). Autistic women also encounter specific difficulties in their employment that require greater consideration.

Summary
The findings of this review identify research areas that need to be developed to better understand and support autistic girls and women and to enhance clinical practice for them.
Variability in single-cell oxygen consumption kinetics
Authors: Botte Ermes , Cui Yuan , Magliaro Chiara , Tenje Maria , Koren Klaus , Rinaldo Andrea , Stocker Roman , Behrendt Lars , Ahluwalia Arti 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe combined microfabricated devices with multiparameter identification algorithms to probe the variability in size-dependent oxygen consumption parameters of single human hepatic cells. We demonstrate that single cells exhibit an oxygen-dependent metabolic rate, typical of Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and that their maximal oxygen consumption is significantly lower than that of monolayers or 3D hepatic cell aggregates. Notably, we found that clusters of two or more cells competing for a limited oxygen supply reduced their maximal single-cell consumption rate, highlighting their ability to adapt to local resource availability and the presence of nearby cells. Next, we used our high-throughput approach to characterize the covariance of size and oxygen consumption within a cell population.The results show that cooperative behaviour emerges in cell clusters, and that single-cell size and metabolism can be described by a lognormal joint probability density. Our study thus serves as a foundation to connect the metabolic activity of single human hepatocytes to their tissue-or organ-level metabolism as well as describe its size-related variability through scaling laws.
Digital breast tomosynthesis(DBT) vs 2D mammography and impact of combined use: A meta-analysis
Authors: Andharia Dev , Shah Hetvi , Prajapati Anushka Dipakkumar , Bhansali Aayushi Darshan , Shah Abhijay B. , Desai Dev 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHaving breast cancer and receiving treatment for it is viewed as a very traumatic experience for women. From the recent advances in breast cancer diagnosis protocol; The triple assessment for a lump in the breast is the best practice and its application towards early disease detection is crucial. For which, 2D mammography is used. The limitation of this technique is a potential tissue overlap in dense breasts. Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a new imaging technology that can address the limitations of 2D mammography. This study aims to highlight the use of DBT.MethodsThe study population included all women aged from 18 to 80. For this analysis, the subdivision of the population is not created. A total of 28 RCTs with a total of 1,735,126 patients were selected for the DBT+FFDM vs FFDM study and 5 RCTs with a total of 554,419 patients were selected for the DBT vs FFDM study.ResultsFor the DBT+FFDM vs FFDM; The overall diagnostic odds ratio was 1.28 with a 95%CI [1.22-1.33], the Decrease in RR is 2.43% and the increase in CDR is 1.583. for DBT vs FFDM; the overall diagnostic odds ratio was 1.38 with a 95%CI [1.28-1.50], a decrease in RR is 1.70%, and an increase in CDR is 1.4.ConclusionDBT+FFDM and DBT do outweigh FFDM alone.
Programmed withdrawal of cilia maintenance followed by centriole capping leads to permanent cilia loss during cerebellar granule cell neurogenesis
Authors: Constable Sandii , Ott Carolyn M. , Lemire Andrew L. , White Kevin , Lim Amin , Lippincott-Schwartz Jennifer , Mukhopadhyay Saikat 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTPrimary cilia in brain neurons provide a privileged compartment for binding and responding to extracellular ligands such as sonic hedgehog. Paradoxically, cilia in differentiating cerebellar granule cells are deconstructed during neurogenesis. To identify mechanisms underlying this newly defined cilia deconstruction pathway, we used single cell transcriptomic and immunocytological analyses to compare the transcript and protein signatures of differentiating and progenitor granule cells. We found that differentiating granule cells lacked transcripts for key regulators of pre-mitotic cilia resorption, suggesting cilia disassembly in differentiating cells was distinct from pre-mitotic cilia resorption. Further analysis revealed that during differentiation, transcription of genes required for cilia maintenance decreased. Specifically, protein components of intraflagellar transport complexes, pericentrosomal material and centriolar satellites all decreased as granule cells matured. The changes in transcription and translation correlated with the downregulation of sonic hedgehog signaling at the onset of differentiation. We also found binding of centriolar cap proteins to the mother centrioles as granule cell neurons matured. These data indicate that global, developmentally programmed, diminution of cilium maintenance caused cilia deconstruction in differentiating granule cells. Furthermore, the capping of docked mother centrioles prevents cilia regrowth likely blocking dysregulated sonic hedgehog signaling and tumorigenesis.
The NeuroML ecosystem for standardized multi-scale modeling in neuroscience
Authors: Sinha Ankur , Gleeson Padraig , Marin Bóris , Dura-Bernal Salvador , Panagiotou Sotirios , Crook Sharon , Cantarelli Matteo , Cannon Robert C. , Davison Andrew P. , Gurnani Harsha , Silver R. Angus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractData-driven models of neurons and circuits are important for understanding how the properties of membrane conductances, synapses, dendrites and the anatomical connectivity between neurons generate the complex dynamical behaviors of brain circuits in health and disease. However, the inherent complexity of these biological processes make the construction and reuse of biologically detailed models challenging. A wide range of tools have been developed to aid their construction and simulation, but differences in design and internal representation act as technical barriers to those who wish to use data-driven models in their research workflows. NeuroML, a model description language for computational neuroscience, was developed to address this fragmentation in modeling tools. Since its inception, NeuroML has evolved into a mature community standard that encompasses a wide range of model types and approaches in computational neuroscience. It has enabled the development of a large ecosystem of interoperable open source software tools for the creation, visualization, validation and simulation of data-driven models. Here, we describe how the NeuroML ecosystem can be incorporated into research workflows to simplify the construction, testing and analysis of standardized models of neural systems, and supports the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) principles, thus promoting open, transparent and reproducible science.