bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic diversity in functionally relevant genes modifies neurodevelopmental versus neoplastic risks in individuals with germline PTEN variants
Authors: Eng Charis , Kim Adriel , Yehia Lamis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Individuals with germline PTEN variants (PHTS) have increased risks of the seemingly disparate phenotypes of cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Etiology of the phenotypic variability remains elusive. Here, we hypothesized that decreased genomic diversity, manifested by increased homozygosity, may be one etiology. Comprehensive analyses of 376 PHTS patients of European ancestry revealed significant enrichment of homozygous common variants in genes involved in inflammatory processes in the PHTS-NDD group and in genes involved in differentiation and chromatin structure regulation in the PHTS-ASD group. Pathway analysis revealed pathways germane to NDD/ASD, including neuroinflammation and synaptogenesis. Collapsing analysis of the homozygous variants identified suggestive modifier NDD/ASD genes. In contrast, we found enrichment of homozygous ultra-rare variants in genes modulating cell death in the PHTS-cancer group. Finally, homozygosity burden as a predictor of ASD versus cancer outcomes in our validated prediction model for NDD/ASD performed favorably.
Cross-talk between hepatokines as Liver indused-exercise factors and organokines
Authors: rad reza sabzevari 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Exercise not only improves the capacity of the skeletal muscles that perform contractions, but also provides health benefits and prevents a number of chronic diseases caused by physiological and biological changes throughout the body. For decades, intensive research has been carried out into the “exercise factors” that mediate these positive effects. In particular, skeletal muscle tissue has been studied as a source of circulating exercise factors and several myokines have been identified. However, Exercise also affects other tissues. The liver plays an important role in the tissues that store and use energy as well as it is very active during exercise and ensures the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Recently, a novel group of Liver indused-exercise factors termed hepatokines has emerged. Hepatokines can act in an autocrine/paracrine manner on the liver and as endocrine factors on brain, endothelium, adipose tissue, pancreas, heart, intestine, and skeletal muscle. In most cases, an acute bout of exercise increases the systemic concentration of hepatokines (FGF21, ANGPTL4, Follistatin, Selenoprotein P, HSP72 ,IGFBP, fetuin-A, fetuin-B, Hepassocin, Activin E, Chemerin, Adropin) and this factors released from the liver and increased in the bloodstream during or in the recovery after an exercise bout. It should be noted that in addition to liver tissue, there are also other hepatokines secreted and released by other tissues such as brain, adipocytes, intestine, heart, osteoblasts and melanoma. In this narrative review, we evaluate this new group of exercise factors focusing on the regulation and potential function in exercise metabolism and adaptations .These hepatokines may convey some of the beneficial whole-body effects of exercise and cross-talk with organokines and could ameliorate metabolic diseases, such as obesity or type 2 diabetes.
Climate change perceptions and adaptation by Sebei pastoralists in Mt Elgon, Uganda
Authors: Siya Aggrey , Varela Elsa , Batumike Rodrigue , Cuni-Sanchez Aida 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pastoralists’ sedentarisation and agriculturalization might increase their vulnerability to climate change impacts, but few studies have investigated if this is the case in mountain areas. In Uganda, little is known about how Sebei pastoralists have perceived and adapted to such changes. In this study, we used focus-group discussions with village elders to assess local perceptions regarding climatic changes, impacts and adaptive strategies used. In all villages, study participants reported changes in the amount and distribution of rainfall, fog and temperatures, with negative impacts on fodder availability, milk production and increase of pests and diseases. Study participants mentioned using several adaptation strategies with regard to animal rearing, crop farming and livelihood diversification. Among others, participants reduced herd size, migrated longer distances, stored wild grass, used crop residues as feed and increased ‘self-medication’ of their cattle. Access to funds, markets and technical advice were the main barriers to adaptation identified. Institutional support- now only focused on improved breeds – should consider the multiple strategies used by pastoralists, and increase opportunities for mutual learning
Between-Word Processing and Text-Level Skills Contributing to Fluent Reading of (Non)Word Lists and Text
Authors: Viersen Sietske van , Altani Angeliki , de Jong Peter F. , Protopapas Athanassios 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This study investigated (1) sequential (between-word) processing efficiency at various points during development, (2) its importance within a range of measures typically used to assess reading fluency, and 3) how subskills typically associated with word-level and text-level processes may interact and uniquely contribute to various reading fluency outcomes. The sample included 139 intermediate-level (Grade 3, n = 78) and more advanced (Grade 5, n = 61) readers of Dutch. Word-level subskills covered within-word processes and sequential between-word processing efficiency. Subskills associated with text-level processing were vocabulary and syntactic skills. Fluency measures included simple and complex lists of words and nonwords, and a text. Data were analyzed through hierarchical regressions and commonality analyses. The findings extend the importance of sequential (between-word) processing efficiency for fluent reading of simple word lists and texts, after controlling for within-word processes, to complex word lists and texts as well as lists of nonwords. The findings hold for both intermediate-level and more advanced readers and, as expected, the contribution of between-word processing increased with reading-skill level. Effects of vocabulary were generally absent, aside from a small effect on text reading fluency in Grade 3. Effects of syntactic skills were not found, not even in more advanced readers. The results support the idea that once efficient individual word recognition is in place, further fluency development is driven by more efficient between-word processing. They also confirm that vocabulary may be less prominent in processing mechanisms underlying fluent word identification in transparent languages, across reading levels.
Research on the Innovation of Throwing Techniques for High-Pole Embroidered Balls and the Sustainable Development of National Sports
Authors: jun Xu Shijun , Cong Zeng , Pei Yang , Yu Wei , yun Wang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Research purpose: This study aims to understand the historical and cultural origins of throwing embroidered balls and inherit national sports culture, analyze the existing theory of high-pole throwing embroidered ball technique, combine technological innovation with the application of technological information, improve the competitive level of high-pole throwing embroidered ball sports, and improve competition rules and referee law enforcement. Research methods: Utilizing methods such as literature review and mathematical statistics, this study aims to elucidate the evolutionary history of embroidered ball culture and the development processes involved in the act of throwing embroidered balls. Based on the results of the high-pole throwing embroidered ball competition during the 12th and 13th Guangxi Student Games, this study investigated the controversies surrounding traditional throwing techniques within the realm of theory and competition rules. Result: The current competition rules mainly include unclear throwing control lines, which can lead to misjudgments; the controversy regarding the number of hits determined by the referee’s naked eye remains unresolved; the quality and specifications of the balls used in the competition are not uniform; the existing throwing techniques lack guiding significance for high-level competitions; and innovative throwing techniques can be divided into three matching scenarios, with the optimal throwing angle range being between 64° < α < 72°, with manual rotation being the best option, and with the range of throwing speed being between 13.04 m/s < v < 13.70 m/s. Conclusion and suggestion: (1) Integrate the development of ethnic sports with the inheritance of ethnic sports culture. (2) Enhance the competitive sports level through technological innovation. Consider adopting the concept of an effective throwing range instead of casting a point to improve hit rates. Modify the trajectory of the throwing ball by ensuring the arc’s appex does not exceed the circle plane, thus reducing running distance and throwing time. At a shooting angle of 66°, v ≈ 13.70 m/s reaches its maximum value, and when it reaches 64° downward, v is 13.04 m/s; Up to 72°, v is 13.17 m/s. (3) Unify the equipment standards for the competition venue. Improve the competition level and the competition rules. Promote the development of high-pole embroidered ball competitions to a higher level. Pursuing standardization and internationalization is a strategic approach for achieving the sustainable development of this national sport.
The research on fracture and structural trap of the Weixinan Sag, Beibuwan Basin, South China Sea
Authors: Kui Chen , Yushuang Zhu , Mao Li , Shaopeng Zhu , Chao Yuan , Chun Xiu , Chunning Li 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The Weixinan Sag in Beibuwan Basin is a pilot area of the offshore exploration and development integrated technology. The main oil bearing layers, one member of Liushagang formation and third member of Weizhou formation, develop many fracture systems and structural traps. The key factors of the offshore exploration and development integrated technology are"the fracture research"and "the effectiveness of structural trap". Fracture research includes the study of the geometry, dynamics, kinematics characteristics of fracture, and the division of fracture system. The effectiveness of structural trap include analogical studies on the structural characteristics of traps, quantitative studies on fault lateral sealability, fault vertical sealability, and prediction technology of oil column height. Comprehensive the relationship of the law of oil and gas distribution,the differential fracture system in the internal of the No. 2 fracture zone, and the effectiveness research of traps, fault-controlled reservoir laws and the dominant fault-controlled reservoir mode are obtained. The research on fracture and trap of offshore integrated exploration and development has been successfully applied in the Weixinan Sag. The 37 of 45 development evaluation wells have been drilled successfully and the drilling success rate is 82%. It has promoted the ODP implementation of 5 oilfields, the adjustment implementation of 8 oilfields and made important contribution to the increase of reserves and production in the Weixinan Sag.
Surgical treatment of severe Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) with brainstem involvement: Systematic Review and Illustrative Case
Authors: Lala Ronahi , Cornelius Jan Frederick , Hänggi Daniel , Muhammad Sajjad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background and Purpose – Untreated hypertension can lead to severe posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), that is a reversible intracranial complication. Involvement of posterior fossa structures including brainstem is extremely rare but life-threatening condition if not treated properly and timely. Here we review different clinical aspects of surgically treated cases of PRES with brainstem involvement and present an illustrative case. Methods – We searched the MEDLINE electronic database for studies on PRES with brainstem involvement. Hypertensive crisis as a cause of PRES and surgical treatment of PRES were inclusion criteria. We show a successfully treated case with this constellation. Finally, we summarize the data in current literature to provide treatment recommendation for this rare devastating condition. Results – We found 5 reports with a total of 7 patients of PRES with brainstem involvement which were treated by posterior fossa decompression. Hypertension or malignant hypertension were common at onset of PRES. 85% of all cases were females and one of these cases was a 3-year-old girl. 71% of patients had a mRS ≤ 3 at discharge. Conclusions – A clinically manifest brainstem PRES can be alleviated successfully through posterior fossa decompression so the ischemic and oedematous brain tissue can regenerate without further injury due to mechanical compression.
Dynamic analysis and experimental research of the novel needle punched rubber bark detection device
Authors: Fan Bo , Chen Warong , Cao Jianhua , Zhang Yishan , Xiao Suwei , Su Xin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A novel NPRBDD is developed to obtain suitable cutting depth of rubber bark in the harvesting process of natural rubber. Based on experimental data and the optical microscope photographs of slice diagram of the pinhole in rubber bark, the acupuncture-detection process of NPRBDD can be divided into three stages of pre puncture stage, squeezing stage and puncture stage. The main bending deformation of probe occurs in the squeezing stage, which will affect the detection accuracy of NPRBDD. Regarding the motion characteristics of the probe in the squeezing stage, a new expression of finite element method are proposed and used to establish nonlinear dynamic variational equations of probe. And a fractional order model was used to fit the force on the probe tip. According to numerical simulation, the probe of NPRBDD is selected that stainless-steel-316L probe with 25mm length and 0.25mm radius. Then, through field experiments, the validity of NPRBDD is validated, and it can be found that the stability of detection result of NPRBDD is higher than that of traditional measurements.
Hidden blood loss and its risk factors after hip reconstruction in children
Authors: Yang Jiafei , Jiang Hua , Yu Song , Gu Huajian , Du Jun , Zhuo Yingquan , He Kunfeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: There were few reports in the literature about the hidden blood loss (HBL) after modified Pemberton osteotomy(PO) for children. To evaluate HBL and its risk factors among children following PO for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip(DDH).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 42 patients(58 hips) underwent PO surgery from March 2020 to March 2023. Serial complete blood count assays were performed consecutively on the day of admission and 4 days after surgery. Recording preoperative and postoperative hematocrit to calculate HBL according to Gross formula and analyzing its related factors. Pearson correlations, Spearman correlations and multivariate liner analysis were used to find association between patient characteristics and HBL.
Result:The mean HBL was 278.06±291.00 mL, accounting for 67.17% of total blood loss. It indicated that the amount of HBL was much higher than we expected. According to the model of multiple linear regression analysis, Patient weight(P＜0.001), surgical duration(P＜0.001) were independent risk factors contributing to the HBL.
Conclusions:HBL following PO for DDH was significant and should be recognised as a detrimental factor to patient safety during the perioperative period, especially in patients with high weight and long surgical duration.
Level of evidence: III
Urinary cadmium concentration is associated with the severity and clinical outcomes of COVID-19: a bicenter observational cohort study
Authors: Chiu Li-Chung , Lee Chung-Shu , Hsu Ping-Chih , Li Hsin-Hsien , Chan Tien-Ming , Hsiao Ching-Chung , Kuo Scott Chih-Hsi , Ko How-Wen , Lin Shu-Min , Wang Chun-Hua , Lin Horng-Chyuan , Chu Pao-Hsien , Yen Tzung-Hai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Cadmium exposure can cause oxidative stress, induce inflammation, inhibit immune function, and therefore has significant impacts on the pathogenesis and severity of many diseases. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can also provoke oxidative stress and the dysregulation of inflammatory and immune responses. This study aimed to assess the potential associations of cadmium exposure with the severity and clinical outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods
We performed a retrospective, observational, bicenter cohort analysis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Taiwan between June 2022 and July 2023. Cadmium concentrations in blood and urine were measured within 3 days of the diagnosis of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the severity and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 were analyzed.
Results
A total of 574 patients were analyzed and divided into a severe COVID-19 group (hospitalized patients) (n = 252; 43.9%), and non-severe COVID-19 group (n = 322; 56.1%). The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 11.8% (n = 68), and 149 patients (26%) required invasive mechanical ventilation. The severe COVID-19 patients were older, had significantly more comorbidities, and significantly higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 than the non-severe COVID-19 patients (all p < 0.05). Both blood and urine cadmium concentrations were significantly higher in the severe COVID-19 patients than in the non-severe COVID-19 patients. Among the severe COVID-19 patients, those in higher urine cadmium/creatinine quartiles had a significantly higher risk of organ failure (i.e., higher APACHE II and SOFA scores), higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, lower PaO2/FiO2 requiring higher invasive mechanical ventilation support, higher risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and higher 60-, 90-day, and all-cause hospital mortality (all p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that urine cadmium/creatinine was independently associated with severe COVID-19 (adjusted OR 1.648 [95% CI 1.064–2.552], p = 0.025), and that a urine cadmium/creatinine value > 2.05 µg/g had the highest predictive value (adjusted OR 5.391, [95% CI 1.127–25.794], p = 0.035).
Conclusions
Urine cadmium concentration in the early course of COVID-19 could predict the severity and clinical outcomes of patients and was independently associated with the risk of severe COVID-19.
Residents’ experiences during a hydrogen sulfide crisis in Carson, California
Authors: Quist Arbor J.L. , Hovav April , Silverman Alexander , Shamasunder Bhavna , Johnston Jill E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
In early October 2021, thousands of residents in Carson, California began complaining of malodors and headaches. The odor was identified as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a noxious odorous gas. H2S was measured at concentrations up to 7000 parts per billion (ppb) and remained above California’s acute air quality standard of 30 ppb for a month, with intermittent elevations continuing for 3 months. After 2 months of malodor in this environmental justice community, the H2S was attributed to a warehouse fire. Research has yielded conflicting results on the health effects of H2S exposure at levels that were experienced during this event. There remains a gap in understanding how people perceive and experience odor emergencies such as this H2S event.
Methods
Through a community-academic partnership, we conducted 6 focus groups in Carson with 33 participants who resided in the Carson area during the crisis. We sought to understand how this incident affected residents through facilitated discussion on topics including information acquisition, impressions of the emergency response, physical and mental health symptoms, and ongoing impacts.
Results
The majority of participants were women (n = 25), identified as Latina/o (n = 19), and rent their homes (n = 21). Participants described difficulty obtaining coherent information about the emergency, which resulted in feelings of abandonment. Most participants felt that local government and health care providers downplayed and/or disregarded their concerns despite ongoing odors and health symptoms. Participants described experiencing stress from the odors’ unknown health effects and continued fear of future odor incidents. Residents sought to take control of the crisis through information sharing, community networking, and activism. Participants experienced longer term effects from this event, including increased awareness of pollution and reduced trust in local agencies.
Discussion
This study demonstrates the necessity of clear, comprehensive, and prompt responses by relevant decisionmakers to chemical emergencies to appropriately address residents’ fears, curb the spread of misinformation, and minimize adverse health effects. Participant responses also point to the benefit of supporting horizontal community networks for improved information sharing. By engaging directly with community members, researchers and disaster responders can better understand the various and complex impacts of chemical disasters and can improve response.
Relationship Between Leadership Behaviour and Firm Performance in Ready Made Garments (Rmg) Industry of Bangladesh
Authors: Tareque Alam , Islam Prof. Nazrul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The primary objective of this research is to investigate and elaborate on the relationship between leadership behaviour and firm performance in the context of Bangladesh RMG (Ready-Made Garments) firms. The study aimed to contribute to the existing literature by exploring the role of leadership behaviour in the competitive advantage process, addressing gaps in understanding within the RMG industry.
Design/Methodology/Approach:
The research employs a mixed-method approach, incorporating qualitative and quantitative research methods. The conceptual model is developed through an extensive literature review and subsequently tested, refined, and validated. The empirical analysis involves 400 target respondents, and data is processed using PLS structural equation modelling principles. This includes structural path analysis, hypothesis testing, mediation, and moderation analyses.
Findings:
Empirical findings align with the resource-based view, confirming that Leadership Behaviours are intangible resources. Furthermore, the study identifies relationship-oriented behaviour as the most significant influence on the relationship between leadership behaviour and firm performance.
Originality:
This research delves into the Resource View's black box in firms. It establishes Dynamic Capabilities as a theoretically well-founded and valuable construct for understanding the leadership behaviour of strategic management.
Practical Implications:
providing insights into how leadership behaviour can impact firm performance. Identifying Relation Behaviours as particularly influential suggests that fostering positive relationships within the organisation may be a key strategy for leaders to enhance overall performance.
Social Implications:
the findings may have implications for workplace relationships, employee satisfaction, and potentially broader societal aspects influenced by the performance of RMG firms.