bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can bile duct injuries be prevented? "A new technique in laparoscopic cholecystectomy"
Authors: Sari Yavuz Selim , Tunali Vahit , Tomaoglu Kamer , Karagöz Binnur , Güneyİ Ayhan , KaragöZ İbrahim 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

Background
Over the last decade, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has gained worldwide acceptance and considered to be as "gold standard" in the surgical management of symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. However, the incidence of bile duct injury in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is still two times greater compared to classic open surgery. The development of bile duct injury may result in biliary cirrhosis and increase in mortality rates. The mostly blamed causitive factor is the misidentification of the anatomy, especially by a surgeon who is at the beginning of his learning curve. Biliary tree injuries may be decreased by direct coloration of the cystic duct, ductus choledochus and even the gall bladder.

Methods
gall bladder fundus was punctured by Veress needle and all the bile was aspirated. The same amount of fifty percent methylene blue diluted by saline solution was injected into the gall bladder for coloration of biliary tree. The dissection of Calot triangle was much more safely performed after obtention of coloration of the gall bladder, cystic duct and choledocus.

Results
Between October 2003 and December 2004, overall 46 patients (of which 9 males) with a mean age of 47 (between 24 and 74) underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with methylene blue injection technique. The diagnosis of chronic cholecystitis (the thickness of the gall bladder wall was normal) confirmed by pre-operative abdominal ultrasonography in all patients. The diameters of the stones were greater than 1 centimeter in 32 patients and calcula of various sizes being smaller than 1 cm. were documented in 13 cases. One patient was operated for gall bladder polyp (our first case). Successful coloration of the gall bladder, cystic duct and ductus choledochus was possible in 43 patients, whereas only the gall bladder and proximal cystic duct were visualised in 3 cases. In these cases, ductus choledochus visibility was not possible. None of the patients developed bile duct injury.

Conclusion
The number of bile duct injuries related to anatomic misidentification can be decreased and even vanished by using intraoperative methylene blue injection technique into the gall bladder fundus intraoperatively.
Improved Response in High-Risk Neuroblastoma With Protracted Topotecan Administration Using a Pharmacokinetically Guided Dosing Approach
Authors: Santana Victor M. , Furman Wayne L. , Billups Catherine A. , Hoffer Fredric , Davidoff Andrew M. , Houghton Peter J. , Stewart Clinton F. 
Published: June 2005

Purpose To estimate the response rate and toxicity associated with intravenous topotecan when it is administered on a protracted schedule according to a pharmacokinetically guided dosing approach to treat childhood high-risk neuroblastoma. Patients and Methods In this prospective phase II trial, topotecan was administered intravenously daily for 5 days for each of 2 consecutive weeks for two cycles. On the basis of topotecan systemic clearance, doses were individualized to attain a single-day topotecan lactone area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of 80 to 120 ng/mL · h. Patients subsequently received standard treatment. Results Both cycles were administered to 28 (93%) of the 30 enrolled patients (median age, 3.1 years). Target topotecan AUCs were achieved in 92 (72%) of the 127 measurements conducted after pharmacokinetically guided adjustment; the median dosage required to achieve target AUCs was 2.7 mg/m2 (range, 0.95 to 3.8 mg/m2). The response rate was 60% (95% CI, 41% to 77%); there were one complete and 17 partial responses. No patient experienced disease progression during initial topotecan therapy. Primary tumor volumes decreased (median decrease, −58.2%; range, −95.1% to −4.9%) in the 26 patients with available size data. Homovanillic acid levels in 16 (89%) of 18 patients and vanillylmandelic acid levels in 14 (78%) of 18 patients were lower (P = .002 and P = .018, respectively) after topotecan therapy. Reversible grade 4 myelosuppression occurred in all patients, but no deaths occurred as a result of infection or toxicity. Conclusion Topotecan is active against neuroblastoma when it is administered on a protracted schedule and targeted systemic exposure is achieved.
Randomized Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Comparing Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin With Ifosfamide and Cisplatin Followed by Radical Surgery in Patients With Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Cervical Carcinoma: The SNAP01 (Studio Neo-Adjuvante Portio) Italian Collaborative Study
Authors: Buda Alessandro , Fossati Roldano , Colombo Nicoletta , Fei Francesca , Floriani Irene , Gueli Alletti Desiderio , Katsaros Dionyssios , Landoni Fabio , Lissoni Andrea , Malzoni Carmine , Sartori Enrico , Scollo Paolo , Torri Valter , Zola Paolo , Mangioni Costantino 
Published: June 2005

Purpose Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may represent an alternative to irradiation in locally advanced squamous cell cervical cancer. Aims of this study were to compare a three-drug (paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin [TIP]) with a two-drug (ifosfamide and cisplatin [IP]) regimen and to assess the prognostic value of pathologic response on survival. Patients and Methods Patients (n = 219) were randomly assigned to ifosfamide 5 g/m2 during 24 hours plus cisplatin 75 mg/m2, or paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 plus ifosfamide 5 g/m2 during 24 hours and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for three courses. Results Grades 3 to 4 neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia were more frequent with TIP. We recorded four deaths related to toxicity. The optimal pathologic response (OPT) rate (residual disease < 3 mm stromal invasion) was higher with TIP than with IP (48% v 23%; odds ratio, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.69 to 5.88; P = .0003). At a median follow-up of 43.4 months, 79 women experienced disease progression or died (46 in the IP arm, 33 in the TIP arm). Patients receiving TIP experienced a treatment failure rate 25% less than those receiving IP, but this difference was not statistically significant (hazard ratio [HR], 0.75; 95% CI, 0.48 to 1.17; P = .20). Sixty-one patients died (37 in the IP arm, 24 in the TIP arm), and the HR of death was in favor of TIP, although not significantly (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.39 to 1.10; P = .11). In patients assessable for response (n = 189), the average death rates were higher in the group that did not achieve OPT (HR, 5.88; 95% CI, 2.50 to 13.84; P < .0001). Conclusion The TIP regimen is associated with a higher response rate than the IP regimen, without a statistically significant effect on overall survival. OPT was a prognostic factor for survival.
Transethosome‐Based Topical Administration Systems with Enhanced Penetration and Dual Actions for Treating EGFR‐Overexpressed Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Wenyan , Tham Phoebe Huijun , Ding Chendi , Huang Ping , Li Tingxuan , Luo Jingjing , Xiang Huijing , Zeng Xiaowei , Chen Hongzhong , Zhao Yanli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐overexpressing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) necessitates more effective therapies due to its elevated metastasis risk compared to the conventional CSCC. While photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising way to treat CSCC, effectively administering photosensitizers to reach deeper skin malignancies remains a challenge. Herein, BE‐TEL is reported, a transethosome formulation designed to enhance skin and cutaneous tumor permeability, for targeted treatment of EGFR‐overexpressed CSCC. The formulation is co‐loaded with Erlotinib (Erb), a hydrophobic EGFR inhibitor, and BODIPY (BPY), a photosensitizer. Upon skin penetration and subsequent exposure to 660 nm light, BE‐TEL induces tumor cell apoptosis by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and EGFR pathway inhibition. ROS and Erb‐induced metabolic oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) can enhance immunogenic cell death (ICD) and promote dendritic cell maturation for tumor‐specific immune response. Furthermore, the EGFR downregulation further mitigated the risk of metastasis and recurrence. In conclusion, BE‐TEL's superior penetration ability together with its combined PDT and EGFR targeted approach paves the way for an efficient strategy against EGFR‐overexpressed CSCC.
DNA Delivery to Intact Plant Cells by Casein Nanoparticles with Confirmed Gene Expression
Authors: Ben‐Haim Avital Ella , Feldbaum Reut Amar , Belausov Eduard , Zelinger Einat , Maria Raquel , Nativ‐Roth Einat , Mani Karthik Ananth , Barda Omer , Sionov Edward , Mechrez Guy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research presents gene expression after DNA delivery into intact plant cells by protein nanoparticles. The DNA delivery is carried out by casein nanoparticles (CNPs). A plasmid harboring the red fluorescent protein DsRed sequence is absorbed to the CNPs surface by electrostatic interaction and served as a model DNA in this study, and its expression is monitored by the fluorescence of the DsRed protein. The zeta potential of the CNPs is tuned by altering the pH to obtain sufficient electrostatic interaction between the CNPs and the DsRed plasmid for successful DNA delivery into the cells of the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. The CNPs are covalently modified with the green fluorescent dye 6‐Aminofluorescein (6‐AF) to determine their location in the plant. To assess the ability of the CNPs to deliver DNA into the cells, CNP/6‐AF/DsRed plasmid electrostatic conjugates are infiltrated into N. benthamiana leaves. Confocal fluorescence microscopy results showed successful intracellular and nucleus uptake of the conjugates at pH 4.5 and a concentration of 2 mg mL−1 at CNPs: DsRed plasmid ratio of 1:0.01. The successful gene expression is confirmed by RT‐PCR and qRT‐PCR. The first appearance of the emitted red signal of the DsRed protein is observed 24 h post‐infiltration.
Multifunctional Prosthesis Surface: Modification of Titanium with Cinnamaldehyde‐Loaded Hierarchical Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes
Authors: Mao Yi , Xie Xinru , Sun Guangxin , Yu Shiqi , Ma Mingqi , Chao Rui , Wan Tianhao , Xu Weifeng , Chen Xuzhuo , Sun Lei , Zhang Shanyong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOrthopedic prostheses are the ultimate therapeutic solution for various end‐stage orthopedic conditions. However, aseptic loosening and pyogenic infections remain as primary complications associated with these devices. In this study, a hierarchical titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube drug delivery system loaded with cinnamaldehyde for the surface modification of titanium implants, is constructed. These specially designed dual‐layer TiO2 nanotubes enhance material reactivity and provide an extensive drug‐loading platform within a short time. The introduction of cinnamaldehyde enhances the bone integration performance of the scaffold (simultaneously promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption), anti‐inflammatory capacity, and antibacterial properties. In vitro experiments have demonstrated that this system promoted osteogenesis by upregulating both Wnt/β‐catenin and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, it inhibits osteoclast formation, suppresses macrophage‐mediated inflammatory responses, and impedes the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In vivo experiments shows that this material enhances bone integration in a rat model of femoral defects. In addition, it effectively enhances the antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory properties in a subcutaneous implant in a rat model. This study provides a straightforward and highly effective surface modification strategy for orthopedic Ti implants.
Intrinsic Defect‐Driven Synergistic Synaptic Heterostructures for Gate‐Free Neuromorphic Phototransistors
Authors: Deng Yao , Liu Shenghong , Ma Xiaoxi , Guo Shuyang , Zhai Baoxing , Zhang Zihan , Li Manshi , Yu Yimeng , Hu Wenhua , Yang Hui , Kapitonov Yury , Han Junbo , Wu Jinsong , Li Yuan , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe optoelectronic synaptic devices based on two‐dimensional (2D) materials offer great advances for future neuromorphic visual systems with dramatically improved integration density and power efficiency. The effective charge capture and retention are considered as one vital prerequisite to realizing the synaptic memory function. However, the current 2D synaptic devices are predominantly relied on materials with artificially‐engineered defects or intricate gate‐controlled architectures to realize the charge trapping process. These approaches, unfortunately, suffer from the degradation of pristine materials, rapid device failure, and unnecessary complication of device structures. To address these challenges, an innovative gate‐free heterostructure paradigm is introduced herein. The heterostructure presents a distinctive dome‐like morphology wherein a defect‐rich Fe7S8 core is enveloped snugly by a curved MoS2 dome shell (Fe7S8@MoS2), allowing the realization of effective photocarrier trapping through the intrinsic defects in the adjacent Fe7S8 core. The resultant neuromorphic devices exhibit remarkable light‐tunable synaptic behaviors with memory time up to ≈800 s under single optical pulse, thus demonstrating great advances in simulating visual recognition system with significantly improved image recognition efficiency. The emergence of such heterostructures foreshadows a promising trajectory for underpinning future synaptic devices, catalyzing the realization of high‐efficiency and intricate visual processing applications.
Quantitative Assessment of Fungal Biomarkers in Clinical Samples via an Interface‐Modulated Optical Fiber Biosensor
Authors: Chen Pengwei , Wu Haotian , Zhao Yajing , Zhong Lv , Zhang Yujiao , Zhan Xundi , Xiao Aoxiang , Huang Yunyun , Zhang Hong , Guan Bai‐Ou 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInvasive fungal infections pose a significant public health threat. The lack of precise and timely diagnosis is a primary factor contributing to the significant increase in patient mortality rates. Here, an interface‐modulated biosensor utilizing an optical fiber for quantitative analysis of fungal biomarkers at the early stage of point‐of‐care testing (POCT), is reported. By integrating surface refractive index (RI) modulation and plasmon enhancement, the sensor to achieve high sensitivity in a directional response to the target analytes, is successfully optimized. As a result, a compact fiber‐optic sensor with rapid response time, cost‐effectiveness, exceptional sensitivity, stability, and specificity, is developed. This sensor can successfully identify the biomarkers of specific pathogens from blood or other tissue specimens in animal models. It quantifies clinical blood samples with precision and effectively discriminates between negative and positive cases, thereby providing timely alerts to potential patients. It significantly reduces the detection time of fungal infection to only 30 min. Additionally, this approach exhibits remarkable stability and achieves a limit of detection (LOD) three orders of magnitude lower than existing methods. It overcomes the limitations of existing detection methods, including a high rate of misdiagnosis, prolonged detection time, elevated costs, and the requirement for stringent laboratory conditions.
Synthesis of Difluorocyclopropanes via Visible‐Light‐Mediated [1+2] Cycloaddition of Diazo Esters with gem‐Difluoroalkenes and Evaluation of their Antifungal Activity
Authors: Du Donghua , Ji Chang , Zheng Shaoying , Chen Yu , Cai Huanyu , Li Zhenghua , Yan Dingce , Teng Huailong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, we reported a method for construction of difluorocyclopropanes through visible light‐promoted [1+2] cycloaddition reaction of aryl diazo esters with gem‐difluoroalkenes. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions, encompasses a wide range of substrates (36 examples), exhibits good tolerance to various substituents, and demonstrates a diastereoselectivity of >20:1. Additionally, antifungal activity evaluation revealed that these derivatives exhibited certain activity, the EC50 values for the products towards Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani were measured to be 1.51 and 1.36 μM, respectively, which are significantly lower than those of commercial fungicides Hymexazol and Azoxystrobin. This work not only provides an efficient method for the synthesis of difluorocyclopropanyl derivatives, but reveals their potential applications in fungicide creation.
An Optical Neuromorphic Sensor with High Uniformity and High Linearity for Indoor Visible Light Localization
Authors: Zhong Shuai , Zhou Jiachao , Yu Fangwen , Xu Mingkun , Zhang Yishu , Yu Bin , Zhao Rong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe visible light localization system holds great promise as a highly accurate indoor positioning method. However, it still suffers deficiencies including high latency and power consumption, and large area cost. To address these issues, a high energy efficient spiking localization system inspired by the biological spatial representation system is presented. This system utilizes an optical neuromorphic sensor, consisting of a compact NbOx‐based threshold switching memristor and a photoresistor. The key lies in the system's ability to convert analog light information into electrical spikes, resembling the behavior of sensory neurons, which enables the encoding of light illuminance through spiking frequency. Consequently, the system achieves high uniformity, high linearity (≈10%), and high sensitivity (≈1.1 kHz Lux−1 and ≈72.7 kHz cm−1 for light illuminance and distance detection, respectively), indicating its potential suitability for visible light localizations. By leveraging a spiking neural network classifier, the system successfully distinguishes locations with different illuminances. After 150 epochs, it achieves an accuracy of 97%, showcasing the feasibility of using the spiking localization system in real‐world applications. The approach of spike‐based light positioning is a leap forward toward the development of future compact, highly energy‐efficient visible light localization systems.
Polymer Photocatalysts with Side Chain Induced Planarity for Increased Activity for Sacrificial Hydrogen Production from Water
Authors: Lyons Richard J. , Yang Ying , McQueen Ewan , Luo Liang , Cooper Andrew I. , Zwijnenburg Martijn A. , Sprick Reiner Sebastian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConjugated polymers are promising materials for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. However, most reported materials are not solution‐processible, limiting their potential for large‐scale application, for example as solution cast films. Flexible side‐chains are commonly introduced to provide solubility, but these often impart unfavorable properties, such as hydrophobicity, which lowers photocatalytic activity. Here, computational predictions are employed to aid in the design of chloroform soluble polymer photocatalysts that show increased planarity through favorable intramolecular interactions. Using this approach, three conjugated polymer photocatalysts with identical poly(benzene‐dibenzo[b,d]thiophene sulfone) backbones but different solubilizing side‐chains on the benzene‐ring are explored, i.e., tri(ethylene glycol), n‐decyloxy, and n‐dodecyl. These side‐chain variations significantly alterr the properties of the polymers, specifically energy levels, optical gap, and wettability. The hydrophobic n‐decyloxy functionalized polymer has a sacrificial hydrogen evolution rate of 17.0 µmol h−1 in suspension, while the hydrophilic tri(ethylene glycol) functionalized polymer is almost three times more active (45.4 µmol h−1). Conversely, no hydrogen evolution is observed for the purely alkyl side‐chain (n‐dodecyl) containing polymer due to the side‐chain induced torsion of the backbone. A thin‐film of the most active polymer exhibits a promising area‐normalized sacrificial hydrogen evolution rate of 7.4 ± 0.3 mmol h−1 m−2 under visible light irradiation.
Impact of Local Microenvironments on the Selectivity of Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction in a BPM‐MEA System
Authors: Huang Po‐Wei , Song Hakhyeon , Yoo Jaeyoung , Chipoco Haro Danae A. , Lee Hyuck Mo , Medford Andrew J. , Hatzell Marta C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) has garnered increasing attention as a pathway for converting a harmful pollutant (nitrate) into a value‐added product (ammonia). However, high selectivity toward ammonia (NH3) is imperative for process viability. Optimizing proton availability near the catalyst is important for achieving selective NH3 production. Here, the aim is to systematically examine the impacts of proton availability on NO3RR selectivity in a bipolar membrane (BPM)‐based membrane electrode assembly (MEA) system. The BPM generates a proton flux from the membrane toward the catalyst during electrolysis. Thus, the BPM‐MEA system can modulate the proton flux during operation. The impact of interposer layers, proton scavenging electrolytes (CO32−), and catalyst configurations are also examined to identify which local microenvironments favor ammonia formation. It is found that a moderate proton supply allows for an increase in ammonia yield by 576% when compared to the standard MEA setup. This also results in a high selectivity of 26 (NH3 over NO2−) at an applied current density of 200 mA cm−2.
Electronegativity Induced d‐Band Center Offset for Pt‐Rh Dual Sites in High‐Entropy Alloy Boosts Liquid Fuels Electrooxidation
Authors: Lv Yipin , Lin Liangliang , Xue Ruixin , Zhang Pengfang , Ma Fengya , Gan Tao , Zhang Jiawei , Gao Daowei , Zheng Xiaobo , Wang Ligang , Qin Yuchen , Zhao Hui , Dong Yuming , Wang Yao , Zhu Yongfa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInvestigating the catalytic behavior of the liquid fuels on well‐defined dual sites is crucial in understanding electrocatalytic reactions. Herein, concept holding bidirectional electronegativity dominant d‐band center regulation on Pt‐Rh dual sites is proposed to tailor the catalytic behaviors toward methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). The Pt‐Rh dual sites are engineered by introducing the low‐electronegativity Ga/Ni and high‐electronegativity W elements in PtRhGaNiW high‐entropy alloy (HEA), which can drive the electron cloud of Pt‐Rh dual sites redispersing over a wide orbit window. The optimized Pt‐Rh dual sites in PtRhGaNiW HEA nanowire achieve a high current density of 5.61 mA cm−2 toward MOR, which is 3.38 and 9.75 times than that of PtRh alloy (1.66 mA cm−2) and Pt/C (0.57 mA cm−2), as well as remarkably stability and COads poisonous resistance. The theoretical calculations further disclose that the redistribution of surface localized electron around Pt‐Rh dual sites can promote direct oxidation of ─OH, and accelerate the COads oxidation/removal. This work presents a breakthrough in designing advanced dual site electrocatalysts for complex catalytic reactions.
Severe epistaxis after posterior nasal nerve ablation requiring surgical intervention: A multi‐center case series
Authors: Khan Najm S. , Yoshiyasu Yuki , Wang Brian S. , Khoudari Antoine , Clerico Dean M. , King Jackson M. , Steele Toby O. , Dhanda Aatin K. , Takashima Masayoshi , Ahmed Omar G. 
Published: February 2024

Key points
Severe epistaxis occurs in 2% of PNN ablation cases, independent of method or device type.
Major epistaxis requiring intervention after PNN ablation can occur on average 20 days post‐procedure.