bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of stage and tumor site on colorectal cancer survival: Bayesian survival modeling
Authors: Alinia Shayesteh , Ahmadi Samira , Mohammadi Zahra , Rastkar Shirvandeh Farzaneh , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad , Mahmoudi Leila , Safari Malihe , Roshanaei Ghodratollah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer is a prevalent malignancy with global significance. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the influence of stage and tumor site on survival outcomes in 284 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2017. Patients were categorized into four groups based on tumor site (colon and rectum) and disease stage (early stage and advanced stage). Demographic characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were recorded. Bayesian survival modeling was performed using semi-competing risks illness-death models with an accelerated failure time (AFT) approach, utilizing R 4.1 software. Results demonstrated significantly higher time ratios for disease recurrence (TR = 1.712, 95% CI 1.489–2.197), mortality without recurrence (TR = 1.933, 1.480–2.510), and mortality after recurrence (TR = 1.847, 1.147–2.178) in early-stage colon cancer compared to early-stage rectal cancer. Furthermore, patients with advanced-stage rectal cancer exhibited shorter survival times for disease recurrence than patients with early-stage colon cancer. The interaction effect between the disease site and cancer stage was not significant. These findings, derived from the optimal Bayesian log-normal model for terminal and non-terminal events, highlight the importance of early detection and effective management strategies for colon cancer. Early-stage colon cancer demonstrated improved survival rates for disease recurrence, mortality without recurrence, and mortality after recurrence compared to other stages. Early intervention and comprehensive care are crucial to enhance prognosis and minimize adverse events in colon cancer patients.
Investigation of periodontitis, halitosis, xerostomia, and serological characteristics of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis and identification of new biomarkers
Authors: Lee Yeon-Hee , Hong Seung-Jae , Lee Gi-Ja , Shin Seung-Il , Hong Ji-Youn , Chung Sang Wan , Lee Yeon-Ah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are two different types of arthritis. Within RA, the subsets between seronegative RA (snRA) and seropositive RA (spRA) represent distinct disease entities; however, identifying clear distinguishing markers between them remains a challenge. This study investigated and compared the oral health conditions in patients with RA and OA to clarify the differences from healthy controls. In addition, we investigated the serological characteristics of the patients, the factors that distinguished patients with RA from those with OA, and the main factors that differentiated between snRA and spRA patients. A total of 161 participants (mean age: 52.52 ± 14.57 years, 32 males and 129 females) were enrolled in this study and categorized as: normal (n = 33), OA (n = 31), and RA (n = 97). Patients with RA were divided into the following two subtypes: snRA (n = 18) and spRA (n = 79). Demographics, oral health, and serological characteristics of these patients were compared. The prevalence of periodontal diseases was significantly higher in patients with OA (100%) and RA (92.8%) than in healthy controls (0.0%). However, the presence of periodontal diseases was not utilized as a distinguishing factor between OA and RA. Xerostomia occurred more frequently in patients with RA (84.5%) than in patients with OA (3.2%) and healthy controls (0.0%) (all p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed that periodontal disease was a very strong predictor in the diagnosis of OA compared to healthy controls, with an AUC value of 1.00 (p < 0.001). Additionally, halitosis (AUC = 0.746, 95% CI 0.621–0.871, p < 0.001) and female sex (AUC = 0.663, 95% CI 0.529–0.797, p < 0.05) were also significant predictors of OA. The strongest predictors of RA diagnosis compared to healthy controls were periodontal diseases (AUC = 0.964), followed by xerostomia (AUC = 0.923), age (AUC = 0.923), female sex (AUC = 0.660), and halitosis (AUC = 0.615) (all p < 0.05). Significant serological predictors of RA were anti-CCP Ab (AUC = 0.808), and RF (AUC = 0.746) (all p < 0.05). In multiple logistic regression analysis, xerostomia (odds ratio, OR: 8124.88, 95% CI 10.37–6368261.97, p-value = 0.008) and Anti-CCP Ab (OR: 671.33, 95% CI 2.18–207,074.02, p = 0.026) were significant predictors for RA compared to OA. When diagnosing spRA compared to snRA, anti-CCP Ab (AUC = 1.000, p < 0.001) and RF (AUC = 0.910, 95%CI 0.854–0.967, p < 0.001) had outstanding predictive performances. Therefore, clinicians and researchers should thoroughly evaluate the oral status of both OA and RA patients, alongside serological factors, and consider these elements as potential predictors.
Towards trustworthy seizure onset detection using workflow notes
Authors: Saab Khaled , Tang Siyi , Taha Mohamed , Lee-Messer Christopher , Ré Christopher , Rubin Daniel L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA major barrier to deploying healthcare AI is trustworthiness. One form of trustworthiness is a model’s robustness across subgroups: while models may exhibit expert-level performance on aggregate metrics, they often rely on non-causal features, leading to errors in hidden subgroups. To take a step closer towards trustworthy seizure onset detection from EEG, we propose to leverage annotations that are produced by healthcare personnel in routine clinical workflows—which we refer to as workflow notes—that include multiple event descriptions beyond seizures. Using workflow notes, we first show that by scaling training data to 68,920 EEG hours, seizure onset detection performance significantly improves by 12.3 AUROC (Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic) points compared to relying on smaller training sets with gold-standard labels. Second, we reveal that our binary seizure onset detection model underperforms on clinically relevant subgroups (e.g., up to a margin of 6.5 AUROC points between pediatrics and adults), while having significantly higher FPRs (False Positive Rates) on EEG clips showing non-epileptiform abnormalities (+19 FPR points). To improve model robustness to hidden subgroups, we train a multilabel model that classifies 26 attributes other than seizures (e.g., spikes and movement artifacts) and significantly improve overall performance (+5.9 AUROC points) while greatly improving performance among subgroups (up to +8.3 AUROC points) and decreasing false positives on non-epileptiform abnormalities (by 8 FPR points). Finally, we find that our multilabel model improves clinical utility (false positives per 24 EEG hours) by a factor of 2×.
Leveraging electronic health records and knowledge networks for Alzheimer’s disease prediction and sex-specific biological insights
Authors: Tang Alice S. , Rankin Katherine P. , Cerono Gabriel , Miramontes Silvia , Mills Hunter , Roger Jacquelyn , Zeng Billy , Nelson Charlotte , Soman Karthik , Woldemariam Sarah , Li Yaqiao , Lee Albert , Bove Riley , Glymour Maria , Aghaeepour Nima , Oskotsky Tomiko T. , Miller Zachary , Allen Isabel E. , Sanders Stephan J. , Baranzini Sergio , Sirota Marina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIdentification of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) onset risk can facilitate interventions before irreversible disease progression. We demonstrate that electronic health records from the University of California, San Francisco, followed by knowledge networks (for example, SPOKE) allow for (1) prediction of AD onset and (2) prioritization of biological hypotheses, and (3) contextualization of sex dimorphism. We trained random forest models and predicted AD onset on a cohort of 749 individuals with AD and 250,545 controls with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.72 (7 years prior) to 0.81 (1 day prior). We further harnessed matched cohort models to identify conditions with predictive power before AD onset. Knowledge networks highlight shared genes between multiple top predictors and AD (for example, APOE, ACTB, IL6 and INS). Genetic colocalization analysis supports AD association with hyperlipidemia at the APOE locus, as well as a stronger female AD association with osteoporosis at a locus near MS4A6A. We therefore show how clinical data can be utilized for early AD prediction and identification of personalized biological hypotheses.
Phenotypic and genomic characteristics of clinical IMP-producing Klebsiella spp. Isolates in China
Authors: Liu Congcong , Dong Ning , Zhang Yanyan , Sun Qiaoling , Huang Yonglu , Cai Chang , Chen Gongxiang , Zhang Rong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
IMP-producing Klebsiella spp. (IMPKsp) strains have spread globally, including in China. Currently, the prevalence and genomic characterization of IMPKsp is largely unknown nationwide. Here we aimed to provide a general overview of the phenotypic and genomic characteristics of IMPKsp strains.

Methods
61 IMPKsp strains were obtained from 13 provinces in China during 2016-2021. All strains were tested for their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents by the microdilution broth method and sequenced with Illumina next-generation sequencing. We performed conjugation experiments on thirteen representative strains which were also sequenced by Oxford nanopore sequencing technology to characterize blaIMP-encoding plasmids.

Results
We find that all IMPKsp strains display multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. All strains belong to 27 different STs. ST307 emerges as a principal IMP-producing sublineage. blaIMP-4 is found to be the major isoform, followed by blaIMP-38. Seven incompatibility types of blaIMP-encoding plasmids are identified, including IncHI5 (32/61, 52.5%), IncN-IncR (10/61, 16.4%), IncFIB(K)-HI1B (7/61, 11.5%), IncN (5/61, 8.2%), IncN-IncFII (2/61, 3.3%), IncFII (1/61, 1.6%) and IncP (1/61, 1.6%). The strains carrying IncHI5 and IncN plasmids belong to diverse ST types, indicating that these two plasmids may play an important role in the transmission of blaIMP genes among Klebsiella spp. strains.

Conclusions
Our results highlight that multi-clonal transmission, multiple genetic environments and plasmid types play a major role in the dissemination process of blaIMP genes among Klebsiella spp. IncHI5 type plasmids have the potential to be the main vectors mediating the spread of the blaIMP genes in Klebsiella spp.
Targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in rodent models of PMP22 gene-dosage diseases
Authors: Krauter Doris , Stausberg Daniela , Hartmann Timon J , Volkmann Stefan , Kungl Theresa , Rasche David A , Saher Gesine , Fledrich Robert , Stassart Ruth M , Nave Klaus-Armin , Goebbels Sandra , Ewers David , Sereda Michael W 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHaplo-insufficiency of the gene encoding the myelin protein PMP22 leads to focal myelin overgrowth in the peripheral nervous system and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP). Conversely, duplication of PMP22 causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A), characterized by hypomyelination of medium to large caliber axons. The molecular mechanisms of abnormal myelin growth regulation by PMP22 have remained obscure. Here, we show in rodent models of HNPP and CMT1A that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR-pathway inhibiting phosphatase PTEN is correlated in abundance with PMP22 in peripheral nerves, without evidence for direct protein interactions. Indeed, treating DRG neuron/Schwann cell co-cultures from HNPP mice with PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors reduced focal hypermyelination. When we treated HNPP mice in vivo with the mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin, motor functions were improved, compound muscle amplitudes were increased and pathological tomacula in sciatic nerves were reduced. In contrast, we found Schwann cell dedifferentiation in CMT1A uncoupled from PI3K/Akt/mTOR, leaving partial PTEN ablation insufficient for disease amelioration. For HNPP, the development of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors may be considered as the first treatment option for pressure palsies.
Interruption of perivascular and perirenal adipose tissue thromboinflammation rescues prediabetic cardioautonomic and renovascular deterioration
Authors: Al-Saidi Aya , Alzaim Ibrahim F. , Hammoud Safaa H. , Al Arab Ghida , Abdalla Samaya , Mougharbil Nahed , Eid Ali H. , El-Yazbi Ahmed F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The cardiovascular and renovascular complications of metabolic deterioration are associated with localized adipose tissue dysfunction. We have previously demonstrated that metabolic impairment delineated the heightened vulnerability of both the perivascular (PVAT) and perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) depots to hypoxia and inflammation, predisposing to cardioautonomic, vascular and renal deterioration. Interventions either addressing underlying metabolic disturbances or halting adipose tissue dysfunction rescued the observed pathological and functional manifestations. Several lines of evidence implicate adipose tissue thromboinflammation, which entails the activation of the proinflammatory properties of the blood clotting cascade, in the pathogenesis of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Despite offering valuable tools to interrupt the thromboinflammatory cycle, there exists a significant knowledge gap regarding the potential pleiotropic effects of anticoagulant drugs on adipose inflammation and cardiovascular function. As such, a systemic investigation of the consequences of PVAT and PRAT thromboinflammation and its interruption in the context of metabolic disease has not been attempted. Here, using an established prediabetic rat model, we demonstrate that metabolic disturbances are associated with PVAT and PRAT thromboinflammation in addition to cardioautonomic, vascular and renal functional decline. Administration of rivaroxaban, a FXa inhibitor, reduced PVAT and PRAT thromboinflammation and ameliorated the cardioautonomic, vascular and renal deterioration associated with prediabetes. Our present work outlines the involvement of PVAT and PRAT thromboinflammation during early metabolic derangement and offers novel perspectives into targeting adipose tissue thrombo-inflammatory pathways for the management its complications in future translational efforts.
Do Caregiver Perceptions of the Virtual More Than Words® Program Differ Based on Autistic Children's Attributes?
Authors: Miletic Katarina , Servais Michelle , Cardy Janis Oram , Denusik Lauren 
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
More Than Words® (MTW) is a caregiver-mediated intervention program led by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) who teaches caregivers strategies to support their autistic child's early social communication and play development. The program includes group sessions composed of multiple families with children of varying profiles. We explored whether caregiver experiences and perceived outcomes of the virtual MTW program differed depending on the child's age and social communication stage.

Method:

As part of a program evaluation of virtual MTW delivered to over 2,000 families in Ontario, Canada, between 2020 and 2021, we randomly selected 31 families across four social communication stages and two age groups using stratified sampling (
n
= 4, in all but one subgroup). The
Final Reflection and Evaluation
form was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively, and a modified RE-AIM framework guided our analyses, including theme development.

Results:
Child attributes did not appear to impact caregivers' experiences, but perceived child skill improvements varied by children's social communication stage. The majority of caregivers reported changes in how they interact with their child. Four themes emerged: (a) perceived child skill improvements differed by social communication stage, (b) caregivers gained new knowledge and strategies regardless of child attributes, (c) SLPs effectively managed families' individual needs, and (d) program components were appropriate for a variety of families.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that the content taught in the MTW program was relevant for a variety of children, including those beyond the program's intended age of 5 years and under. Grouping families of children with varying profiles does not appear to negatively influence caregivers' experiences or perceived outcomes.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25237009
Was wissen Sie über … Gehirn und Nervensystem?
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryLiebe Leser, testen Sie Ihr Wissen und frischen Sie Ihre Kenntnisse auf. Bitte kreuzen Sie jeweils eine Antwort an. Viel Spaß beim Beantworten wünscht Ihnen HP Eva C. Schmid!
Analyse des Verantwortungs- und Tätigkeitsbereichs des
Berufsbilds „Sonographer“ und Möglichkeiten der
Umsetzung in Deutschland
Authors: Paetzold Katrin 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Traditionell ist die Durchführung von
Ultraschalluntersuchungen in vielen europäischen Ländern
ärztliche Aufgabe. Im weltweiten Vergleich werden diese Untersuchungen
auch durch andere Berufe, sog. Sonographer, durchgeführt. Sonographer
sind medizinisch und technisch ausgebildete Fachleute, welche diagnostische
Ultraschalluntersuchungen unterschiedlicher Disziplinen durchführen. Im
deutschsprachigen Raum ist dieses Berufsfeld noch wenig bekannt und wird in
Fachkreisen kritisch diskutiert.
Ziel Das Ziel der Untersuchung war es, durch die Analyse der verschiedenen
Sonographer-Modelle einen möglichen Nutzen für die
Krankenversorgung in Deutschland zu erkennen und ein geeignetes
Ausbildungsmodell abzuleiten.
Methoden In 4 Datenbanken wurden Studien, Leitlinien, Standards und
Fachartikel mit einem Bezug zum Verantwortungs- und Tätigkeitsbereich
der Sonographer in den Ländern Australien, Großbritannien,
Japan, Kanada und den USA analysiert. Zur Herleitung von berufspolitischen
Zusammenhängen erfolgte ein Leitfaden-Interview mit einer Expertin.
Ergebnisse Anhand des Reviews wurde deutlich, dass die untersuchten
Länder unterschiedliche Schwerpunkte in den Ausbildungs- und
Tätigkeitsbereichen der Sonographer aufweisen. Die akademische
Ausrichtung des britischen Konzepts und die Berufsorganisationen führten
in Großbritannien zu einer starken Professionalisierung der Sonographer.
Australische Sonographer sehen im britischen Modell ein Vorbild und streben nach
einer ähnlichen beruflichen Autonomie. Alle betrachteten Modelle weisen
einen stark teamorientierten Ansatz sowie verschiedene
Berufszulassungsmodalitäten auf.
Schlussfolgerung Die Etablierung des Sonographers kann für eine
Verbesserung der Versorgung von Patient*innen in Deutschland sinnvoll
sein, unter der Prämisse, den Beruf auf hohen, akademischen Standards zu
gründen, Strukturen für eine interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit
zu schaffen und die gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen festzulegen.
Themenreihe Praxishygiene – Teil 2
Authors: Handke Denis Maximilian 
Published: February 2024

SummaryErfahren Sie, wie Sie die zahlreichen gesetzlichen Vorgaben, Richtlinien und Empfehlungen in ein individuelles, an Ihrem Bedarf orientiertes Hygienemanagement umsetzen. Um dabei Maßnahmen festzulegen, müssen deren einzelnen Bausteine verstanden und gegebenenfalls der aktuellen Lage angepasst werden. Hier gilt es zum Beispiel auch, Nutzen und Risiken eingesetzter Mittel abzuwägen. Lesen Sie, mit welchen Verfahrensweisen Praxishygiene wirksam, praktikabel, akzeptabel und auch wirtschaftlich umgesetzt werden kann.
Vergleich hospitalisierter Patienten mit SARS-CoV-2-Infektion in zwei Phasen der Pandemie
Authors: Strehl Jan Eberhard , Ewig Santiago , Schaaf Bernhard 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Untersuchung Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war ein Vergleich der hospitalisierten Patienten mit einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion in den Zeiträumen 2020–2021 versus 2022 im Hinblick auf den Grund der Hospitalisation, der Schweregrade bei Aufnahme und im Verlauf und des klinischen Ausgangs.

Methoden Die Daten aller während dieser Zeit in einem großen Dortmunder Krankenhaus hospitalisierten Patienten mit SARS-CoV-2-Infektion wurden erfasst. Schweregrade bei Aufnahme sowie im Verlauf wurden verglichen bei Patienten, bei denen der Einweisungsgrund eine SARS-CoV-2-Infektion war.

Ergebnisse Im Zeitraum von 2020/2021 wurden n=1281 Patienten, in 2022 n=580 Patienten mit SARS-CoV-2-Infektion hospitalisiert, davon 90% bzw. 42% aufgrund der SARS-CoV-2-Infektion. Der Anteil der nosokomialen Übertragungen stieg von 5% auf 18%. Der Schweregrad der SARS-CoV-2-Erkrankung bei Aufnahme und im Verlauf war im ersten Zeitraum in allen Altersgruppen höher, ebenso wurden mehr Patienten auf der Intensivstation aufgenommen (25% versus 4%). Entsprechend bestand eine höhere Krankenhausletalität (17% versus 10%). Intubierte Patienten hatten in beiden Phasen eine gleich hohe Letalität (74% versus 80%).

Schlussfolgerungen Im ersten Zeitraum bestand ein deutlich höherer Schweregrad bei Aufnahme und im Verlauf. Wesentliche Treiber der Belastung der Gesundheitssysteme waren 2022 weniger der Schweregrad der SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen, sondern die Notwendigkeit der Isolation und nosokomiale Infektionen. Die Letalität bei intubierten Patienten war hoch.
miR-2467-3p/ABLIM1 Axis Mediates the Formation and Progression of Deep Vein Thrombosis by Regulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Qiu Yu , Yang Meiying , Che Xinting , Yu Xinming , Zhi Kangkang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common postoperative complication of orthopaedic surgery with a complex pathogenesis mechanism. The effect of the miR-2467-3p/acting-binding LIM protein 1 (ABLIM1) axis on thrombus formation and human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) progression was evaluated aiming to identify a novel potential biomarker of DVT. DVT rat models were established by inferior vena cava stenosis. The expression of the miR-2467-3p/ABLIM1 axis was analyzed by PCR. HUVECs were induced with oxidative low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Cell growth and motility were assessed by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) and Transwell assay. The inflammation and oxidative stress were estimated by proinflammatory cytokines and generation of MDA and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ABLIM1 was downregulated in DVT rats. Overexpressing ABLIM1 could suppress the formation of thrombosis and alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress. In HUVECs, ox-LDL induced significantly increased miR-2467-3p and decreased ABLIM1, and miR-2467-3p could negatively regulate ABLIM1. The knockdown of miR-2467-3p could alleviate the inhibited cell growth and motility by ox-LDL, and the inflammation and oxidative stress were also attenuated. While silencing could reverse the effect of miR-2467-3p on ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. The miR-2467-3p/ABLIM1 axis regulates the occurrence and development of DVT through modulating HUVECs inflammation and oxidative stress.
The role of situation in individual style
Authors: Gracheva Marianna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study adopts a cross-register approach to style, examining style with relation to the situation of use. While
register tends to be avoided by style research as a confounding variable, this investigation of the styles of four American
presidents in memoirs, official letters, and public addresses illustrates that adding a register dimension leads to a more
accurate, nuanced analysis. The study identifies linguistic features associated with register vs. style variation in the corpus
and analyzes intraspeaker differences across registers with regard to the following functional categories: information density,
oral style, situation-dependent discourse, and narration vs. immediacy. The results indicate that even authors with a well-defined
individual style consistently adjust their language to the demands of the situation, with the most noticeable differences lying
between strictly regimented literate registers and the more oral, less conventionalized ones.