bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate social responsibility, board characteristics, and family business in Thailand
Authors: Padungsaksawasdi Chaiyuth , Treepongkaruna Sirimon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExploring the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy, family business, and board characteristics in Thailand provides invaluable insights into how boards of family businesses integrate CSR considerations, leading to responsible business practices and sustainable development in Thailand. Relying on the top 100 listed firms in the Stock Exchange of Thailand and the Refinitiv's CSR strategy score, we find that family business firms or firms with CEO serving as the chairman of board engage less CSR strategy, being consistent with the agency cost hypothesis and the expropriation view of family businesses. Additionally, in line with the resource dependency theory, female directors, independent directors, board tenure, and board size positively influence a firm's CSR. Additional analyses including the Heckman's sample selection bias and 2SLS instrumental variable approaches show that our results are robust and are not driven by unobserved heterogeneity. More importantly, gender diversity is an exemplary governance mechanism as it is the only board characteristic with a positive effect on CSR in both family and non‐family sub‐samples. While board tenure is positively associated with CSR in the non‐family business sample, larger board size and more board independence in the family business positively influence a firm's CSR. Findings from the family business sample support the functional view of board and socioemotional wealth of family firms.
Best practices for instrument settings and raw data analysis in plant flow cytometry
Authors: Koutecký Petr , Smith Tyler , Loureiro João , Kron Paul 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFlow cytometry (FCM) is now the most widely used method to determine ploidy levels and genome size of plants. To get reliable estimates and allow reproducibility of measurements, the methodology should be standardized and follow the best practices in the field. In this article, we discuss instrument calibration and quality control and various instrument and acquisition settings (parameters, flow rate, number of events, scales, use of discriminators, peak positions). These settings must be decided before measurements because they determine the amount and quality of the data and thus influence all downstream analyses. We describe the two main approaches to raw data analysis (gating and histogram modeling), and we discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we provide a summary of best practice recommendations for data acquisition and raw data analysis in plant FCM.
Hematopoietic stem cells and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the lungs
Authors: Reichard Andrew , Wanner Nicholas , Farha Samar , Asosingh Kewal 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHematopoietic stem cells are key players in hematopoiesis as the body maintains a physiologic steady state, and the signaling pathways and control mechanisms of these dynamic cells are implicated in processes from inflammation to cancer. Although the bone marrow is commonly regarded as the site of hematopoiesis and hematopoietic stem cell residence, these cells also circulate in the blood and reside in extramedullary tissues, including the lungs. Flow cytometry is an invaluable tool in evaluating hematopoietic stem cells, revealing their phenotypes and relative abundances in both healthy and diseased states. This review outlines current protocols and cell markers used in flow cytometric analysis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations. Specific niches within the bone marrow are discussed, as are metabolic processes that contribute to stem cell self‐renewal and differentiation, as well as the role of hematopoietic stem cells outside of the bone marrow at physiologic steady state. Finally, pulmonary extramedullary hematopoiesis and its associated disease states are outlined. Hematopoiesis in the lungs is a new and emerging concept, and discovering ways in which the study of lung‐resident hematopoietic stem cells can be translated from murine models to patients will impact clinical treatment.
Closed‐form expression of long‐range modulated massive multiple‐input multiple‐output fractional Fourier transform‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system under two‐wave with diffuse power fading channel
Authors: Chawla Tanvi , Kansal Ankush 
Published: October 2023

SummaryIn this paper, the massive multiple‐input multiple‐output fractional Fourier transform‐based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO FrFT‐OFDM) system is investigated using the Long Range (LoRa) modulation technique. The conventional system relies on quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) modulation technology; high‐power amplifiers are needed to transmit the QAM signal. The LoRa modulation technique produces long‐range and low power signals. The two‐wave with diffused power (TWDP) fading channel is used to examine the system's performance. The expression of the bit‐error rate (BER) of the proposed system is also represented in a unique closed form. The proposed system is applied to a state‐of‐the art hospital, one of the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. As the problem of heart stroke is common, it needs to be monitored every second. The electrocardiogram (ECG) data are used to evaluate how well the proposed system is working. Using the proposed model, the physicians get the patient's ECG data while moving in the hospital, getting it at a high data rate, at a low cost because of the extended battery life, a long range, and a low BER. The data considered are from the MIT‐BIH Arrhythmia Database. The result displays that the proposed model achieves a BER of
at 10 dB of signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and the conventional model achieves the same BER at 15 dB of SNR. The BER performance of the proposed system is improved by nearly 5 dB.
Examining the impact of several factors including COVID‐19 on thyroid fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Deniz Muzaffer Serdar , Dindar Merve 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe study explores various factors, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) history and vaccination status, that influence the classification value of ultrasonography‐guided thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (TFNAB) by comparing non‐diagnostic (Bethesda‐I) and diagnostic (Bethesda II–VI) results.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study in a high‐volume tertiary care center involving patients who underwent TFNAB from November 2022 to April 2023. The study retrospectively analyzed the cytopathology of 482 thyroid nodules. Patients were categorized into non‐diagnostic (n = 136) and Diagnostic groups (n = 346) based on TFNAB. A comprehensive set of parameters was examined, including demographic, anthropometric and clinical data, thyroid ultrasonography findings, COVID‐19 history and immunization status.ResultsThe mean age was 55.1 ± 12.1 years in the non‐diagnostic group and 53.5 ± 13 years in the Diagnostic group (p = .223). 75.7% (n = 103) of the non‐Diagnostic group and 82.9% (n = 287) of the Diagnostic group were male (p = .070). The mean nodule longitudinal diameter of the Diagnostic group was significantly higher than that of the non‐diagnostic group (p = .015). The TIRADS score of the nodules showed a statistical difference between the groups (p = .048). The groups had no significant differences regarding other ultrasonographic parameters and COVID‐19‐related variables.ConclusionIt can be assumed that when the longitudinal diameter of the thyroid nodule is small and in TIRADS categories other than the TIRADS3 category, TFNAB is less likely to be diagnostic. However, future research may be needed to confirm these findings and uncover any long‐term effects of COVID‐19 or vaccines on thyroid nodule diagnostics.
Surgical resection identified pseudo‐invasion with submucosal dense fibrosis in early colorectal cancer existing beyond the planned endoscopic submucosal dissection line: A case report
Authors: Hada Yu , Ohno Akiko , Miyoshi Jun , Kaji Ryosuke , Fujikawa Yasue , Horikoshi Tomoki , Hiratsuka Tomoya , Miyamoto Naohiko , Kusuhara Mitsunori , Jinbo Yoko , Fujiwara Masachika , Shibahara Junji , Hisamatsu Tadakazu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPseudoinvasion is a phenomenon in which adenomatous tissue deviates into the submucosa with the mucosal lamina propria in colorectal epithelial tumors. A relatively large, stalked, neoplastic lesion of the sigmoid colon is considered at high risk of pseudoinvasion. A few reports have described endoscopic mucosal resection or polypectomy for colorectal tumors with pseudoinvasion, but the vertical margins were not sufficiently assessed. Because a positive margin can be a risk factor for recurrence, endoscopic treatment for pseudoinvasion should be carefully considered. We herein report a case in which even endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was not adequate for curative resection of pseudoinvasion in early colorectal cancer. The endoscopic findings of a 25‐mm Type 0‐Is lesion in the sigmoid colon suggested a low possibility of carcinoma invasion into the deep submucosa. Although ESD was considered to be indicated in this case, laparoscopic sigmoid colon resection was eventually performed because we observed a broadly pulled muscle layer and an almost undetectable submucosal layer during ESD. The surgical specimen showed that the tumor glands of pseudoinvasion existed beyond the planned ESD dissection line, indicating that the vertical margin would have been positive if we had continued ESD. Whether pseudoinvasion was associated with the infeasibility of ESD remains unclear. This case indicates that diagnosing the presence and depth of pseudoinvasion by magnified endoscopy with narrow‐band imaging is challenging and that preoperative examinations, such as endoscopic ultrasound, may be needed for a tumor with a high risk of pseudoinvasion.
Interventions in the management of diabetes‐related foot infections: A systematic review
Authors: Peters Edgar J. G. , Albalawi Zaina , van Asten Suzanne A. , Abbas Zulfiqarali G. , Allison Geneve , Aragón‐Sánchez Javier , Embil John M. , Lavery Lawrence A. , Alhasan Majdi , Oz Orhan , Uçkay Ilker , Urbančič‐Rovan Vilma , Xu Zhang‐Rong , Senneville Éric 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe optimal approaches to managing diabetic foot infections remain a challenge for clinicians. Despite an exponential rise in publications investigating different treatment strategies, the various agents studied generally produce comparable results, and high‐quality data are scarce. In this systematic review, we searched the medical literature using the PubMed and Embase databases for published studies on the treatment of diabetic foot infections from 30 June 2018 to 30 June 2022. We combined this search with our previous literature search of a systematic review performed in 2020, in which the infection committee of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot searched the literature until June 2018. We defined the context of the literature by formulating clinical questions of interest, then developing structured clinical questions (Patients‐Intervention‐Control‐Outcomes) to address these. We only included data from controlled studies of an intervention to prevent or cure a diabetic foot infection. Two independent reviewers selected articles for inclusion and then assessed their relevant outcomes and methodological quality. Our literature search identified a total of 5,418 articles, of which we selected 32 for full‐text review. Overall, the newly available studies we identified since 2018 do not significantly modify the body of the 2020 statements for the interventions in the management of diabetes‐related foot infections. The recent data confirm that outcomes in patients treated with the different antibiotic regimens for both skin and soft tissue infection and osteomyelitis of the diabetes‐related foot are broadly equivalent across studies, with a few exceptions (tigecycline not non‐inferior to ertapenem [±vancomycin]). The newly available data suggest that antibiotic therapy following surgical debridement for moderate or severe infections could be reduced to 10 days and to 3 weeks for osteomyelitis following surgical debridement of bone. Similar outcomes were reported in studies comparing primarily surgical and predominantly antibiotic treatment strategies in selected patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis. There is insufficient high‐quality evidence to assess the effect of various recent adjunctive therapies, such as cold plasma for infected foot ulcers and bioactive glass for osteomyelitis. Our updated systematic review confirms a trend to a better quality of the most recent trials and the need for further well‐designed trials to produce higher quality evidence to underpin our recommendations.
Elevational patterns of microbial species richness and evenness across climatic zones and taxonomic scales
Authors: Huang Zhengyi , Su Yangui , Lin Sinuo , Wu Guopeng , Cheng Hao , Huang Gang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the elevational patterns of soil microbial diversity is crucial for microbial biogeography, yet the elevational patterns of diversity across different climatic zones, trophic levels, and taxonomic levels remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the elevational patterns of species richness, species evenness and the relationship between species richness and evenness (RRE) in the forest soil bacterial and fungal communities and individual phyla across three climatic zones (tropical, subtropical, and cold temperate). Our results revealed that soil bacterial richness (alpha diversity) decreased with elevation, while fungal richness exhibited a hump‐shaped pattern in the tropical and cold‐temperate forests. Elevational patterns of evenness in bacterial and fungal communities showed the hump‐shaped pattern across climatic zones, except for bacterial evenness in the tropical forest. Both bacterial and fungal richness and evenness were positively correlated in the subtropical and cold‐temperate forests, while negatively correlated for bacteria in the tropical forest. The richness and evenness of soil microorganisms across different regions were controlled by climatic and edaphic factors. Soil pH was the most important factor associated with the variations in bacterial richness and evenness, while mean annual temperature explained the major variations in fungal richness. Our results addressed that the varieties of elevational patterns of microbial diversity in climatic zones and taxonomic levels, further indicating that richness and evenness may respond differently to environmental gradients.
The different risk of new‐onset, chronic, worsening, and advanced heart failure: A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Shakoor Abdul , Abou Kamar Sabrina , Malgie Jishnu , Kardys Isabella , Schaap Jeroen , de Boer Rudolf A. , van Mieghem Nicolas M. , van der Boon Robert M.A. , Brugts Jasper J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) is a chronic and progressive syndrome associated with a poor prognosis. While it may seem intuitive that the risk of adverse outcomes varies across the different stages of HF, an overview of these risks is lacking. This study aims to determine the risk of all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalizations associated with new‐onset HF, chronic HF (CHF), worsening HF (WHF), and advanced HF.Methods and resultsWe performed a systematic review of observational studies from 2012 to 2022 using five different databases. The primary outcomes were 30‐day and 1‐year all‐cause mortality, as well as 1‐year HF hospitalization. Studies were pooled using random effects meta‐analysis, and mixed‐effects meta‐regression was used to compare the different HF groups. Among the 15 759 studies screened, 66 were included representing 862 046 HF patients. Pooled 30‐day mortality rates did not reveal a significant distinction between hospital‐admitted patients, with rates of 10.13% for new‐onset HF and 8.11% for WHF (p = 0.10). However, the 1‐year mortality risk differed and increased stepwise from CHF to advanced HF, with a rate of 8.47% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.24–9.89) for CHF, 21.15% (95% CI 17.78–24.95) for new‐onset HF, 26.84% (95% CI 23.74–30.19) for WHF, and 29.74% (95% CI 24.15–36.10) for advanced HF. Readmission rates for HF at 1 year followed a similar trend.ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis of observational studies confirms the different risk for adverse outcomes across the distinct HF stages. Moreover, it emphasizes the negative prognostic value of WHF as the first progressive stage from CHF towards advanced HF.
Nucleic acid strand displacement for indirect determination of foodborne bacteria by capillary electrophoresis and its application in antagonism and bacteriostasis studies
Authors: Zhang Shaoyan , Wang Qingqing , Ning Jinfeng , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFoodborne bacteria threaten human's health. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful separation means for the determination of bacteria. Direct separation of bacteria suffers from the shortages of low resolution, channel adsorption, and bacterial aggregation. In this work, a method of nucleic acid strand displacement was developed to indirect separate the bacteria by CE. DNA complexes, consisting of probes and aptamers, were mixed with the three bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aptamers could specifically bond with bacteria and release the probes. Through the separation of the probes, the bacteria could be indirectly determined by CE. This method avoided the shortages of direct separation of bacteria. Under the optimized conditions, the three probes for the bacteria could be separated and detected within 2.5 min by high‐speed CE with laser‐induced fluorescence detection. The limits of detection for the bacteria were in the range 4.20 × 106 to 1.75 × 107 CFU/mL. Finally, the developed method was applied on the study of antagonism of the coexistent bacteria to reveal the relationship between them. Furthermore, the efficiency of bacteriostasis of three traditional Chinese medicines, Coptis chinensis, Schisandra chinensis, and honeysuckle, was also studied by this method.
Chitosan as an organic amendment to improve soil properties and plant growth in the presence of polystyrene microplastics
Authors: Rassaei Farzad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe widespread usage and production of microplastics (MPs) products has resulted in a surge of plastic waste in the natural environment. Chitosan (CH) is a natural polymer derived from chitin, found in the shells of crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs and studied extensively for its potential use as an amendment. The dynamic interplay between plastic, specifically polystyrene (PS), and the potential of CH as a soil enhancer holds pivotal implications for soil health and crop vitality. While PS seems to wield minimal influence on soil pH, CH demonstrates a distinct ability to lower pH levels significantly. However, the synergy between CH and PS in altering soil pH is relatively limited. Importantly, CH emerges as a compelling countermeasure against the detrimental impact of PS on soil chemistry. Its application brings about promising changes, such as mitigating nutrient depletion and enhancing organic matter (OM). Shifting focus to crop growth, PS emerges as a growth inhibitor, substantially reducing maize biomass and chlorophyll content. Conversely, CH emerges as a growth stimulant, positively affecting root and shoot dry weights, leaf area, and plant height. The interplay between CH and PS manifests complex outcomes on these growth metrics, indicating interdependence. These findings resonate with sustainable soil management practices and the optimization of crop productivity. Further scrutiny is warranted to unravel the underlying mechanisms and long‐term consequences, offering a comprehensive understanding of the interaction between PS, CH, and the ecological landscape. Such insights pave the way for informed decisions in ecological preservation and agricultural sustenance.
Parameter optimization for pivot hysteresis model for reinforced concrete walls with different failure modes
Authors: Ling Yu‐Che , Mogili Srinivas , Hwang Shyh‐Jiann , Rojas‐León Matías , Wallace John W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReinforced concrete structural walls are major vertical lateral load‐resisting members in reinforced concrete structures located in seismic regions. It is important to understand and evaluate the hysteresis behavior of these members for an efficient earthquake‐resistant design. Among the various models available for estimating this hysteretic behavior, the Pivot hysteresis model, which models hysteretic behavior through parameters α and β, respectively, representing the unloading stiffness and pinching behavior, has been effective and efficient for use with columns. In this paper, an effort is made to extend the application of the Pivot hysteresis model to reinforced concrete walls. Key variabratiosuch as axial load ratio, wall height‐to‐length ratio, web reinforcement indices, boundary element reinforcement indices, and length‐to‐effective thickness ratio were considered to derive expressions for α and β suitable for walls. Equations for α and β were calibrated through the hysteretic test data of 108 wall specimens subjected to cyclic loading and exhibiting different failure modes. The calibration is based on the optimization of energy dissipation for specimens from the collated database—a numerically complex task achieved through a superior optimization technique known as Simulated Annealing. The proposed formulations showed reasonably good accuracy in predicting complex hysteretic responses when verified against an extensive database of wall test specimens with flexural and shear modes of failure.
Specialist psychotherapy with emotion for anorexia in Kent and Sussex: An intervention development and non‐randomised single arm feasibility trial
Authors: Oldershaw Anna , Basra Randeep Singh , Lavender Tony , Startup Helen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious eating disorder treated using psychological interventions, yet outcomes remain limited. Emotional difficulties are recognised as a treatment target. This research programme developed and evaluated feasibility of an emotion‐focused therapy for adults with AN.MethodsPhase One intervention development utilised ‘intervention mapping’. Qualitative research drew on lived experience highlighting objectives for change. Empirical evidence was synthesised into hypotheses of core emotional difficulties and an associated model of change. Relevant psychotherapeutic theory‐based change methods were integrated to form the Specialist Psychotherapy with Emotion for Anorexia in Kent and Sussex (SPEAKS) intervention, guidebook and clinician training package. Phase Two tested SPEAKS in a single‐arm, multisite feasibility trial across two specialist services, utilising prespecified progression criteria, and embedded process evaluation.ResultsSPEAKS was 9–12 months (40 sessions) of weekly individual psychotherapy, drawing on a range of psychotherapeutic modalities, predominantly Emotion Focused Therapy and Schema Therapy. Forty‐six participants consented to feasibility trial participation; 42 entered the trial and 34 completed. Thirteen of 16 feasibility criteria were met at green level and three at amber, highlighting areas for improving model adherence.ConclusionsA randomised controlled trial is indicated. Therapist training and guidebook adjustments to improve model adherence are suggested.