bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ramp Lesions on Outcomes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ishibashi Hikaru K. , Sasaki Eiji , Chiba Daisuke , Tsushima Takahiro , Kimura Yuka , Tsuda Eiichi , Ishibashi Yasuyuki 
Published: January 2025

Background: Ramp lesions (RLs) associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury increase knee instability. However, whether RLs should be treated surgically remains unclear. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study aimed to investigate the presence of RLs and compare the knee stability between patients who underwent surgical repair for unstable RLs and those who received nonoperative management for stable RLs. It was hypothesized that there would be a correlation between RLs and knee instability and that RL repair would improve postoperative knee stability. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Overall, 180 patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon graft were included in this study. The decision to perform surgical intervention for RLs was based on the size and instability of the RL. Knee stability was evaluated using the KT-1000 arthrometer for side-to-side difference at the manual maximum, as well as the Lachman and pivot-shift tests. Linear and logistic regression analyses were employed to examine factors associated with knee instability. Results: Arthroscopy confirmed RLs in 59 patients (32.8%), with a higher prevalence among women; of this total, 33 patients (55.9%) were treated nonoperatively and 26 (44.1%) underwent repair. Although the preoperative side-to-side difference in laxity in the patients with RL was significantly greater than that in patients without RL ( P = .01), no significant clinical differences were observed for the preoperative Lachman test ( P = .50) and pivot-shift test ( P = .36). No secondary meniscal injuries occurred during the follow-up period. There were no significant differences in postoperative laxity between patients with and without RLs. Conclusion: Although the presence of RLs was associated with preoperative knee instability, contrary to the hypothesis, RLs were not associated with postoperative knee instability. Stable RLs are clinically benign lesions that may tend to heal spontaneously after appropriate anatomic ACL reconstruction. Therefore, RLs may not require aggressive treatment if they are small and stable.
Matching plus regression adjustment for the estimation of the average treatment effect on survival outcomes: a case study with mosunetuzumab in relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma
Authors: Di Maio Danilo , Mitchell S. A. , Batson S. , Keeney E. , Thom Howard H. Z. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and objectives
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (England’s health technology assessment body) recommend the use of the average treatment effect (ATE) as an estimand for economic evaluations. However there is limited literature on methods to estimate the ATE, particularly in the case of survival outcomes. Single-arm trials and real-world data are playing an increasing role in health technology assessments, particularly in oncology/rare diseases, generating a need for new ATE estimation methods. This study aimed to present the adaptation and utility of this methodology for survival outcomes.

Methods
The approach is based on a “doubly robust” method combining matching with regression adjustment (Austin 2020) using a Weibull model (lowest Akaike information criteria [AIC] specification) to estimate counterfactual event times. As a case study, we compared mosunetuzumab versus rituximab/bendamustine, as a proxy for rituximab/chemotherapy, in 3L+ relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma. Individual patient data for mosunetuzumab (NCT02500407) and a combination of two rituximab/bendamustine 3L+ follicular lymphoma cohorts (NCT02187861/NCT02257567) were used. Endpoints included overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Sensitivity analyses were performed to test robustness to different distributional assumptions (log-normal, log-logistic and exponential) or model specifications (second, third and fourth lowest AIC) for event times.

Results
The case study found improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13, 0.91]) and OS (HR 0.30 [95% CI: 0.05, 5.28]) for mosunetuzumab. Consistent findings (HR range 0.25–0.47 and 0.21–0.50 with all CIs excluding/including 1 for PFS/OS, respectively) were observed in sensitivity analyses.

Discussion/conclusions
The proposed adaptation expands the range of available approaches for the estimation of the (local) ATE for survival outcomes in health technology assessments using “doubly robust” methods. This approach appeared relatively robust to modelling decisions in our case study.
Influence of different polymeric materials of implant and attachment on stress distribution in implant-supported overdentures: a three-dimensional finite element study
Authors: Elsayed Sherif , Ahmed Yousra , El-Anwar Mohamed I. , Elddamony Enas , Ashraf Reem 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Investigating high performance thermoplastic polymers as substitutes to titanium alloy, in fabrication of implants and attachments to support mandibular overdenture, aiming to overcome stress shielding effect of titanium alloy implants.

Aim of study
Assessment of stress distribution in polymeric prosthetic components and bone around polymeric implants, in case of implant-supported mandibular overdenture.

Materials and methods
3D finite element model was established for mandibular overdenture, supported bilaterally by two implants at canine region, and retained by two ball attachments. Linear static stress analysis was carried out by ANSYS 2020 R1. Three identical models were created with different materials for modeling of prosthetic components (implant body, gingival former, ball attachment and matrix). The Monolithic principle was applied as the same material was used in modelling all the prosthetic components in each model (Titanium alloy grade V, poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK)). Simultaneous Force application of 60 N was carried out bilaterally at the first molar occlusal surface area using 3 runs (vertical, lateral and oblique).

Results
PEEK and PEKK prosthetic components exhibited the highest total deformation and critical Maximum von Mises stresses values in implant body and gingival former under lateral and oblique loads. The stress values approached the fatigue limit of both polymeric materials presenting low factor of safety (< 1.5). The Peri-implant cortical bone in case of PEEK and PEKK showed nearly double maximum principal stresses compared with the titanium model. Conversely, Maximum von Mises stresses in spongy bone were lower in polymeric models than those of titanium ones. Additionally maximum equivalent strain values in spongy peri-implant bone of polymeric models were also lower than those of titanium model.

Conclusion
Critical high stresses were induced in implant body and gingival former under oblique or lateral loadings, accordingly, fatigue failure of both PEEK and PEKK polymer prosthetic elements was estimated due to low factor of safety. Both PEEK and PEKK Polymer models offered no advantage over titanium one regarding stress shielding effect, due to low stress and strain values generated at spongy peri-implant bone in polymer models.
Provision of dementia-specific care in nursing homes in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) – analysis of person-centered practices and related problems within a holistic multiple case study
Authors: Schmüdderich Kathrin , Fahsold Anne , Dörner Jonas , Roes Martina , Palm Rebecca , Holle Bernhard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
To ensure high-quality care for residents living with dementia, recommendations for dementia-specific care do exist internationally as well as in Germany. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how dementia-specific care is currently provided and what can be derived from this for the improvement of dementia-specific care. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the provision of dementia-specific care and related problems in German nursing homes.

Methods
We used a holistic multiple case design with a total of four cases. The cases were defined as care units in which residents living with dementia were cared for. For data collection, we used problem-centered face-to-face interviews, document analysis, and context questionnaires and analyzed all qualitative data inductively and deductively using content structuring qualitative analysis. To identify case-specific and cross-case patterns and themes, we focused on similarities and differences between the cases. The reporting followed the EQUATOR reporting guideline for organizational case studies.

Results
We interviewed 21 professionals, 14 relatives and 8 residents living with dementia. Despite context-specific differences, we identified a variation of care practices and problems in applying person-centered, dementia-specific care in German nursing homes. In all cases, these belong to the following topics: 1) handling neuropsychiatric symptoms, 2) dealing with communication difficulties, 3) providing person-centered interaction and communication, 4) dealing with stress caused by experiencing dementia-specific symptoms and 5) using and sharing knowledge. Even though the problems were identified in all cases, we also found differences in the extent and perception of these problems across the analyzed cases.

Discussion
Despite existing conceptual recommendations and described care practices in our study, the identified problems showed that current care practices are perceived as problematic and partly are not person-centered. This highlights that person-centered requirements in dementia-specific care are not yet adequately addressed and that there is a need to give greater consideration to the identified problems when developing interventions to improve quality of care. Furthermore, the identified context-specific differences in the extent and perception of these problems show that the designs of new care models should allow for more flexibility, so that written recommendations can be implemented in practice and adapted to given contexts.
Synthesis, antibacterial evaluation and in silico studies of novel 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-N-arylacetamides and their derivatives as potential DHFR inhibitors
Authors: Metwally Nadia Hanafy , Elgemeie Galal Hamza , Abdelrazek Aya Ragab , Eldaly Salwa Magdy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Novel N-arylacetamides 2a–f were synthesized based on benzo[d]thiazole scaffold. The compounds 2a–c underwent Knoevenagel condensation through green synthetic method with different aromatic aldehydes and pyrazole-7-carbaldehydes delivered the respective arylidenes with efficient yields. Arylidenes 4 reacted with malononitrile affording the corresponding N-arylpyridones 11a–i. Moreover, the reaction of 2a–c with each of salicylaldehyde and 5-arylazo salicylaldehydes afforded the unexpected coumarins rather than quinolin-5-ones. The structure of coumarin 8 was confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations using basis set B3LYP/6-311 G +  + (d,p) to obtain the suitable geometrical structure with molecular orbitals` energies revealing its planar structure and its agreement with experimental data. Besides, the antibacterial activity was tested against different bacterial strains revealing potent activity especially Gram-negative bacteria with excellent minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value ranging from 31.25 to 250 µg/L. Additionally, compounds 2c and 4m showed enzyme inhibition against dihydrofolate reductase in Escherichia coli with greater potency (IC50 for 2c = 3.796 µM, IC50 for 4m = 2.442 µM) than the standard antibiotic trimethoprim (IC50 = 8.706 µM). Investigation of the physicochemical properties of the newly compounds exhibited their better ADME properties that can be developed for the discovery of new antibacterial agents.

Graphical Abstract
Multi-stage structure-based virtual screening approach combining 3D pharmacophore, docking and molecular dynamic simulation towards the identification of potential selective PARP-1 inhibitors
Authors: El Hassab Mahmoud A. , Eldehna Wagdy M. , Hassan Ghaneya S. , Abou-Seri Sahar M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Presently, humanity is confronted with a range of diseases that have high death rates, especially those linked to cancerous growths. Several enzymes and proteins have been discovered as highly attractive targets for cancer treatment. The PARP family consists of 17 members and plays a crucial role in repairing DNA damage, which enables the survival of cancer cells. PARP-1 and, to a lesser extent, PARP-2 display above 90% activity in response to DNA damage, thereby distinguishing them apart from other members of the PARP family. Elevated levels of PARP-1 were observed in many types of tumor cells, such as breast, lung, ovarian, prostate, and melanomas. In an attempt to provide a future guide for developing selective inhibitors for PARP-1 over PARP-2 to minimize the resulting side effects from PARP-2 inhibitors, we constructed a structure-based virtual screening approach (SBVS). Firstly. A 3D pharmacophore was constructed based on the interaction of the selective inhibitor compound IV. After that, a database of nearly 450,000 phthalimide-containing inhibitors was screened through the validated pharmacophore, and 165 compounds were retrieved. The retrieved compounds were docked into the active site of PARP-1 where only 5 compounds MWGS-1-5 achieved a favorable docking score than the reference IV (-16.8 Kcal/mol). Redocking of the five compounds should have excellent selectivity for PARP-1 over PARP-2, especially compound MWGS-1. Further endorsement via molecular dynamics has proven higher affinity and selectivity for MWGS-1 towards PARP-1 over PARP-2, in which PARP-1- MWGS-1 and PARP-1- MWGS-1 achieved RMSD values of 1.42 and 2.8 Å, respectively.
Vestibular schwannoma: evolution of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Radparvar Sina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Vestibular Schwannomas are benign tumors of the vestibular branch of the eight cranial nerves usually seen in adults who present with sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. While there is no infiltration or invasion of brain tissue, the tumors are still dangerous lesions because of their position in the cerebellopontine angle and potential for compression in a crowded neighborhood filled with vital structures.

Methods
Ovid Medline and Google Scholar searches were performed to identify pertinent historical and modern research and review articles related to the topic.

Findings
The article reviews the evolution of diagnosis and treatments for Vestibular Schwannoma in the last century and highlights significant breakthroughs. It provides a historical perspective on this topic with emphasis on the chronological progression and advancements of various diagnostic methods and treatment approaches. The article portrays neurosurgical specialty with its enormous dimension and ancient history, as one of the most constantly changing and evolving specialties in medicine.

Conclusions
Diagnosis and treatment of Vestibular Schwannoma has had a lengthy and torturous history. Significant discoveries occurred in the last century with the most notable breakthroughs in the last fifty years. In this historical vignette, the evolutionary pathways for diagnosis and treatment of Vestibular Schwannoma are analyzed including the historical breakthroughs, contemporary management, and future directions.
Ethylene vinyl acetate as a multifunctional compatibilizer for natural rubber/cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber blends with enhanced compatibility, filler dispersion and mechanical properties
Authors: Liang Jiyu , Wu Jianhui , Wang Chunhua , Sang Jun , Ren Keshuai , Ngai To , Lin Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The blending of natural rubber (NR) with cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber (BR) has gained widespread attention due to its potential in enhancing the low temperature resistance and abrasion resistance of NR. However, the incompatibility between NR and BR as well as the non-uniform distribution of fillers often have an adverse impact on the mechanical properties. Herein, we propose a facile approach to modulate the multi-scale structures in NR/BR blends including polymer compatibility and filler distribution by introducing ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) with varying vinyl acetate (VA) content as multifunctional compatibilizers. The results indicate that the cure characteristics (i.e., processability) and mechanical properties of NR/BR blends can be readily tailored through adjustment of the VA content in EVA. When the VA content in EVA is increased to 18% (EVA-18), the NR/BR blends simultaneously exhibit favorable processability and mechanical properties. The microstructural analysis demonstrates that the introduction of EVA-18 not only enhances the compatibility between NR and BR with significantly reduced domain size, but also improves fillers dispersion in the rubber matrix. The presence of EVA-18 at concentrations up to 20 parts per hundred of rubber (phr) in NR/BR vulcanizates improves the mechanical properties by approximately 24% compared to un-compatibilized NR/BR vulcanizates, which is superior to the most present studies. This work will be beneficial for the development of NR/BR blends in the industry and provide a guideline for designing efficient compatibilizers for other immiscible rubber blends.

Graphical abstract
Parametric design and numerical analysis of super long span upper-support thrust-bearing concrete arch bridge
Authors: Ge Yaojun , Zheng Linqian , Deng Zhuozhang , Fang Genshen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With the progress of construction technology and the application of high-performance materials, arch bridges are constantly breaking the span records. This study conducts parametric design and numerical analysis on upper-support thrust-bearing concrete arch bridges (UTCAB) with spans ranging from 450 to 2000 m, utilizing concrete of different strengths to explore the feasibility limits of spans. Through parameter sensitivity analysis, the study determines the reasonable parametric design of UTCAB with different spans. The results of static wind response analysis indicate that as the span increases, wind load gradually becomes the control load, but after comprehensive consideration, it is unnecessary to install installing tuyeres on the main arch to reduce the wind load. Ultimate bearing capacity analysis is conducted, and the results confirms that all parametric designs meet the requirements. Research on the impact of nonlinearity reveals that material nonlinearity has a much greater impact on ultimate bearing capacity than geometric nonlinearity. Considering the construction feasibility, the recommended feasible maximum span is 1200 m. This study can provide valuable reference for the future design of super long span upper-support thrust-bearing concrete arch bridges.
Potential Mechanism Associated with Post–Heart Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Patients
Authors: Huang Xiao , Xu Qiling , Chen Linhua , Liu Li , Zhou Ying , Zhou Hong , Zhang Yu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common metabolic complication following heart transplantation (HT), which not only leads to elevated microvascular morbidity, but also seriously affects graft function and recipient survival. However, the specific metabolites and underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood.

Objective
This study aimed to preliminarily screen out differentially expressed metabolites that are associated with PTDM in HT recipients and elucidate its potential pathophysiological mechanisms by using a global metabolomics approach, and provide a basis for the management of PTDM.

Methods
A total of 106 adult HT recipients (56 PTDM and 50 non-PTDM) who were followed for more than 1 year were enrolled in the study. Untargeted metabolomics was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Demographics, clinical data, and drug information were collected at the time of sample collection.

Results
PTDM patients were older (P = .003), with higher body mass index scores (P = .010), higher triglyceride levels (P = .007), and a higher prevalence of hypertension (P = .001) than non-PTDM patients. A total of 1174 metabolites were detected, of which 99 metabolites showed significantly differentially abundant (VIP &gt; 1; P &lt; .05; FC &gt; 1.5 or &lt;0.67). KEGG functional enrichment analysis showed these differently expressed metabolites could be further enriched in ABC transporter, carbon metabolism, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, and phospholipase D signaling pathway. Compared with the non-PTDM group, glutamate, diacylglycerol, and D-sorbitol were significantly changed in PTDM through metabolomics.

Conclusion
These findings may provide a novel understanding of the pathological mechanism of PTDM and could be used to predict the development and progression of PTDM.
Interaction between Estrogen Receptors and p53: A Broader Role for Tamoxifen?
Authors: Das Gokul M , Oturkar Chetan C , Menon Vishnu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tamoxifen is one of the most widely used anticancer drugs in the world. It is a safe drug with generally well-tolerated side effects and has been prescribed for the treatment of early-stage and advanced-stage or metastatic estrogen receptor α (ERα/ESR1)-positive breast cancer. Tamoxifen therapy also provides a 38% reduction of the risk of developing breast cancer in women at high risk. With the advent of newer medications targeting ERα-positive breast cancer, tamoxifen is now mainly used as adjuvant therapy for lower-risk premenopausal breast cancer and cancer prevention. It is widely accepted that tamoxifen as a selective estrogen receptor modulator exerts its therapeutic effect by competitively binding to ERα, leading to the recruitment of corepressors and inhibition of transcription of genes involved in the proliferation of breast cancer epithelium. As such, expression of ERα in breast tumors has been considered necessary for tumors to be responsive to tamoxifen therapy. However, ERα-independent effects of tamoxifen in various in vitro and in vivo contexts have been reported over the years. Importantly, the recent discovery that ERα and estrogen receptor β (ERβ/ESR2) can bind tumor suppressor protein p53 with functional consequences has provided new insights into the mechanisms underlying response to tamoxifen therapy and resistance. Furthermore, these findings have paved the way for broadening the use of tamoxifen by potentially repurposing it to treat triple negative (negative for ERα, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and progesterone receptor) breast cancer. Herein, we summarize these developments and discuss their mechanistic underpinnings and clinical implications.