bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Satisfaction and Radiologic Assessability After Treatment of Complex Skull Defects With a Custom-Made Cranioplasty From a Thin Titanium Sheet
Authors: Lewitz Marc , Fischer Sandra , Nakamura Makoto , Ewelt Christian , Fortmann Thomas , Wilbers Eike , Sarkis Hraq , Stroop Ralf , Cinibulak Zafer , Welzel Saravia Heinz , Sakellaropoulou Ioanna , Grabowski Steffen , Rahim Tamim , Zawy Alsofy Samer 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
The cosmetically good coverage of skull defects is a challenge in neurosurgical clinics. In addition, the skull treated with implants and the underlying structures must remain radiologically assessable. In this examination, the postoperative courses of patients after implantation of CranioTop is described. Digital x-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance images after implantation of CranioTop were evaluated with regard to their assessability.

Materials and Methods:
Between 2018 and 2020, 23 titanium cranioplasties (CranioTop) were implanted to 21 patients. The intraoperative handling, the accuracy of fit, the healing process, the cosmetic result and the physical condition of the patients were examined. In addition, digital x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography scans of the cranium supplied with CranioTop were examined.

Results:
The evaluation showed good to very good results regarding patients’ satisfaction. There were no severe complications; thirteen patients found the cosmetic result very good; 8 patients assessed the cosmetic result as good. Because of the low thickness and density of the CranioTop plastic there was only low formation of radial stripe artifacts (streaking) and susceptibility artifacts. The assessment of digital x-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging images is possible after implantation of CranioTop.

Conclusion:
The patients treated with CranioTop showed a high level of satisfaction with regard to the cosmetic result and their physical condition. Furthermore, the cranium supplied with CranioTop remains well assessable in radiologic imaging with only slight limitations in magnetic resonance imaging.
Incidence of Airway Abnormalities in Children With Craniosynostosis
Authors: Eitan Dana , Bhuskute Aditi , Scheffler Patrick 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Children with syndromic craniosynostosis are known to have a high propensity for associated airway abnormalities. However, this has not been investigated using a large-scale national database.

Methods:
For this retrospective cohort study, the 2016 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kid’s Inpatient Database was queried for craniosynostosis patients. Data on demographics, airway diagnoses, and comorbidities were analyzed.

Results:
Four thousand nine hundred fourteen children with craniosynostosis with a mean age of 1.7±3.6 years were identified. Of these, 51% were female and 136 children had an associated syndrome. Choanal atresia was present in 31% of patients with an associated syndrome versus 2.5% without. Syndromic patients are 4.59 times more likely (95% CI 2.65–7.94) to have airway anomalies than nonsyndromic patients. After age and sex adjustment, craniosynostosis patients have higher likelihoods of presenting with other anomalies, with syndromic having higher incidences: 5.23 times (95% CI 2.63–10.39) more likely to have laryngomalacia, 18.30 times (95% CI 3.27–102.36) more likely to have tracheal stenosis, and 4.58 times (95% CI 1.36– 15.43) more likely to have tracheomalacia. Incidence of tracheostomy was 5.84 times (95% CI 3.77–9.04) higher in syndromic patients with craniosynostosis. Tracheostomy rates were 28.4% and 4.6% in craniosynostosis patients with and without associated syndrome, respectively.

Conclusion:
Syndromic craniosynostosis patients had significantly higher incidences of choanal atresia and other airway anomalies. Given a high incidence of airway anomalies, syndromic craniosynostosis patients likely warrant routine airway evaluation. Providers should also be vigilant about airway evaluation in patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis when aerodigestive symptoms arise.
Review of spinal cord stimulation for disorders of consciousness
Authors: Piedade Guilherme Santos , Assumpcao de Monaco Bernardo , Guest James D. , Cordeiro Joacir Graciolli 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
High-cervical spinal cord stimulation can alter cortical activity and cerebral metabolism. These effects are potentially beneficial for disorders of consciousness. A better understanding of the effects of clinical application of stimulation is needed. We aimed to evaluate the existing literature to determine the state of available knowledge. We performed a literature review of clinical studies assessing cervical spinal cord epidural stimulation for disorders of consciousness. Only peer-reviewed articles reporting preoperative and postoperative clinical status were included.

Recent findings
Nineteen studies were included. A total of 532 cases were reported, and 255 patients were considered responsive (47.9%). Considering only studies published after the definition of minimally conscious state (MCS) as an entity, 402 individuals in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and 113 in MCS were reported. Responsiveness to SCS was reported in 170 UWS patients (42.3%) and in 78 MCS cases (69.0%), although the criteria for responsiveness and outcome measures varied among publications.

Summary
Cervical SCS yielded encouraging results in patients with disorders of consciousness and seems to be more effective in MCS. More extensive investigation is needed to understand its potential role in clinical practice.
Radical Pair Model for Magnetic Field Effects on NMDA Receptor Activity
Authors: Nair Parvathy S , Zadeh-Haghighi Hadi , Simon Christoph 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor is a prominent player in brain development and functioning. Perturbations to its functioning through external stimuli like magnetic fields can potentially affect the brain in numerous ways. Various studies have shown that magnetic fields of varying strengths affect these receptors. We propose that the radical pair mechanism, a quantum mechanical process, could explain some of these field effects. Radicals of the form [RO•Mg(H2O)n+•], where R is a protein residue that can be Serine or Tyrosine, are considered for this study. The variation in the singlet fractional yield of the radical pairs, as a function of magnetic field strength, is calculated to understand how the magnetic field affects the products of the radical pair reactions. Based on the results, the radical pair mechanism is a likely candidate for explaining the magnetic field effects observed on the receptor activity. The model predicts changes in the behaviour of the system as magnetic field strength is varied and also predicts certain isotope effects. The results further suggest that similar effects on radical pairs could be a plausible explanation for various magnetic field effects within the brain.
Network-based clustering unveils interconnected landscapes of genomic and clinical features across myeloid malignancies
Authors: Bayer Fritz , Roncador Marco , Moffa Giusi , Morita Kiyomi , Takahashi Koichi , Beerenwinkel Niko , Kuipers Jack 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTMyeloid malignancies exhibit considerable heterogeneity with overlapping clinical and genetic features among different subtypes. Current classification schemes, predominantly based on clinical features, fall short of capturing the complex genomic landscapes of these malignancies. Here, we present a data-driven approach that integrates mutational features and clinical covariates within networks of their probabilistic relationships, enabling the discovery of de novo cancer subgroups. In a cohort of 1323 patients across acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and myeloproliferative neoplasms, we identified novel subgroups that outperform established risk classifications in prognostic accuracy. Our findings suggest that mutational patterns are often shared across different types of myeloid malignancies, with distinct subtypes potentially representing evolutionary stages en route to leukemia. Within the novel subgroups, our integrative method discerns unique patterns combining genomic and clinical features to provide a comprehensive view of the multifaceted genomic and clinical landscape of myeloid malignancies. This in turn may guide the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and offers a pathway to enhanced patient stratification.
Integrating population-level and cell-based signatures for drug repositioning
Authors: He Chunfeng , Xu Yue , Zhou Yuan , Fan Jiayao , Cheng Chunxiao , Meng Ran , Gamazon Eric R. , Zhou Dan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDrug repositioning presents a streamlined and cost-efficient way to expand the range of therapeutic possibilities. Furthermore, drugs with genetic evidence are more likely to progress successfully through clinical trials towards FDA approval. Exploiting these developments, single gene-based drug repositioning methods have been implemented, but approaches leveraging the entire spectrum of molecular signatures are critically underexplored. Most multi-gene-based approaches rely on differential gene expression (DGE) analysis, which is prone to identify the molecular consequence of disease and renders causal inference challenging. We propose a framework TReD (Transcriptome-informed Reversal Distance) that integrates population-level disease signatures robust to reverse causality and cell-based drug-induced transcriptome response profiles. TReD embeds the disease signature and drug profile in a high-dimensional normed space, quantifying the reversal potential of candidate drugs in a disease-related cell screen assay. The robustness is ensured by evaluation in additional cell screens. For an application, we implement the framework to identify potential drugs against COVID-19. Taking transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) results from four relevant tissues and three DGE results as disease features, we identify 37 drugs showing potential reversal roles in at least four of the seven disease signatures. Notably, over 70% (27/37) of the drugs have been linked to COVID-19 from other studies, and among them, eight drugs are supported by ongoing/completed clinical trials. For example, TReD identifies the well-studied JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor baricitinib, the first FDA-approved immunomodulatory treatment for COVID-19. Novel potential candidates, including enzastaurin, a selective inhibitor of PKC-beta which can be activated by SARS-CoV-2, are also identified. In summary, we propose a comprehensive genetics-anchored framework integrating population-level signatures and cell-based screens that can accelerate the search for new therapeutic strategies.
Sex-specific cardiovascular risk factors in the UK Biobank
Authors: Pierre Skyler St. , Kaczmarski Bartosz , Peirlinck Mathias , Kuhl Ellen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe lack of sex-specific cardiovascular disease criteria contributes to the under-diagnosis of women compared to men. For more than half a century, the Framingham Risk Score has been the gold standard to estimate an individual’s risk of developing cardiovascular disease based on age, sex, cholesterol levels, blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking. Now, machine learning can offer a much more nuanced insight into predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease. The UK Biobank is a large database that includes traditional risk factors as well as tests related to the cardiovascular system: magnetic resonance imaging, pulse wave analysis, electrocardiograms, and carotid ultrasounds. Here we leverage 20,542 datasets from the UK Biobank to build more accurate cardiovascular risk models than the Framingham Risk Score, and quantify the under-diagnosis of women compared to men. Strikingly, for first-degree atrioventricular block and dilated cardiomyopathy, two conditions with non-sex-specific diagnostic criteria, our study shows that women are under-diagnosed 2x and 1.4x more than men. Similarly, our results demonstrate the need for sex-specific criteria in essential primary hypertension and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Our feature importance analysis reveals that, out of the top 10 features across three sex and four disease categories, traditional Framingham factors made up between 40-50%, electrocardiogram 30-33%, pulse wave analysis 13-23%, and magnetic resonance imaging and carotid ultrasound 0-10%. Improving the Framingham Risk Score by leveraging big data and machine learning allows us to incorporate a wider range of biomedical data and prediction features, enhance personalization and accuracy, and continuously integrate new data and knowledge, with the ultimate goal to improve accurate prediction, early detection, and early intervention in cardiovascular disease management.Our analysis pipeline and trained classifiers are freely available athttps://github.com/LivingMatterLab/CardiovascularDiseaseClassification
C-reactive protein does not predict future depression onset in adolescents: preliminary findings from a longitudinal study
Authors: Schwartz Joshua J. , Roske Chloe , Liu Qi , Tobe Russel H. , Ely Benjamin A. , Gabbay Vilma 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionNeuroinflammatory processes have been extensively implicated in the underlying neurobiology of numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), an indicator of non-specific inflammation commonly utilized in clinical practice, has been associated with depression in adults. In adolescents, our group previously found CRP to be associated with altered neural reward function but not with mood and anxiety symptoms assessed cross-sectionally. We hypothesized that the distinct CRP findings in adolescent vs. adult depression may be due to chronicity, with neuroinflammatory effects on psychiatric disorders gradually accumulating over time. Here, we conducted a longitudinal study to evaluate if CRP levels predicted future onset or progression of depression in adolescents.MethodsParticipants were 53 adolescents (ages 14.74 ± 1.92, 35 female), 40 with psychiatric symptoms and 13 healthy controls. At baseline, participants completed semi-structured diagnostic evaluations; dimensional assessments for anxiety, depression, anhedonia, and suicidality severity; and bloodwork to quantify CRP levels. Clinical assessments were repeated at longitudinal follow-up after approximately 1.5 years. Spearman’s correlation between CRP levels and follow-up symptom severity were controlled for BMI, age, sex, and follow-up interval and considered significant at the two-tailed, Bonferroni-adjustedp< 0.05 level.ResultsAfter correction for multiple comparisons, no relationships were identified between baseline CRP levels and follow-up symptom severity.ConclusionCRP levels were not significantly associated with future psychiatric symptoms in adolescents in this preliminary analysis. This may suggest that CRP is not a useful biomarker for adolescent depression and anxiety. However, future longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes and incorporating additional indicators of neuroinflammation are needed.
Modeling the dynamics of actin and myosin during bleb stabilization
Authors: Asante-Asamani Emmanuel , Dalton Mackenzie , Brazill Derrick , Strychalski Wanda 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe actin cortex is very dynamic during migration of eukaryotes. In cells that use blebs as leading-edge protrusions, the cortex reforms beneath the cell membrane (bleb cortex) and completely disassembles at the site of bleb initiation. Remnants of the actin cortex at the site of bleb nucleation are referred to as the actin scar. We refer to the combined process of cortex reformation along with the degradation of the actin scar during bleb-based cell migration asbleb stabilization. The molecular factors that regulate the dynamic reorganization of the cortex are not fully understood. Myosin motor protein activity has been shown to be necessary for blebbing, with its major role associated with pressure generation to drive bleb expansion. Here, we examine the role of myosin in regulating cortex dynamics during bleb stabilization. Analysis of microscopy data from protein localization experiments inDictyostelium discoideumcells reveals a rapid formation of the bleb’s cortex with a delay in myosin accumulation. In the degrading actin scar, myosin is observed to accumulate before active degradation of the cortex begins. Through a combination of mathematical modeling and data fitting, we identify that myosin helps regulate the equilibrium concentration of actin in the bleb cortex during its reformation by increasing its dissasembly rate. Our modeling and analysis also suggests that cortex degradation is driven primarily by an exponential decrease in actin assembly rate rather than increased myosin activity. We attribute the decrease in actin assembly to the separation of the cell membrane from the cortex after bleb nucleation.
A Facile Method for Determining Lanthipeptide Stereochemistry
Authors: Luo Youran , Xu Shuyun , van der Donk Wilfred A. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTLanthipeptides are a large group of natural products that belong to the ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Lanthipeptides contain lanthionine and methyllanthionine bis amino acids that have varying stereochemistry. The stereochemistry of new lanthipeptides is often not determined because current methods require equipment that is not standard in most laboratories. In this study, we developed a facile, efficient, and user-friendly method for detecting lanthipeptide stereochemistry utilizing advanced Marfey’s analysis. Under optimized conditions, 0.05 mg peptide is sufficient to characterize the stereochemistry of five (methyl)lanthionines of different stereochemistry using a simple liquid chromatography set-up, which is a much lower detection limit than current methods. In addition, we describe methods to readily access standards of the three different methyllanthionine stereoisomers and the two different lanthionine stereoisomers that have been reported in known lanthipeptides. The developed workflow uses commonly used non-chiral column system and offers a scalable platform to assist antimicrobial discovery. We illustrate its utility with an example of a lanthipeptide discovered by genome mining.
MET Inhibitor Capmatinib Radiosensitizes MET Exon 14-Mutated and MET-Amplified Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ramesh Shrey , Cifci Ahmet , Javeri Saahil , Minne Rachel , Longhurst Colin A. , Nickel Kwangok P. , Kimple Randall J. , Baschnagel Andrew M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of inhibiting the MET receptor with capmatinib, a potent and clinically relevant ATP-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in combination with radiation in MET exon 14-mutated and MET-amplified non-small cell lung (NSCLC) cancer models.Methods and MaterialsIn vitroeffects of capmatinib and radiation on cell proliferation, colony formation, MET signaling, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair were evaluated.In vivotumor responses were assessed in cell line xenograft and patient-derived xenograft models. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to confirmin vitroresults.ResultsIn vitroclonogenic survival assays demonstrated radiosensitization with capmatinib in both MET exon 14-mutated and MET-amplified NSCLC cell lines. No radiation-enhancing effect was observed in MET wild-type NSCLC and human bronchial epithelial cell line. Minimal apoptosis was detected with the combination of capmatinib and radiation. Capmatinib plus radiation compared to radiation alone resulted in inhibition of DNA double-strand break repair as measured by prolonged expression of γH2AX.In vivo, the combination of capmatinib and radiation significantly delayed tumor growth compared to vehicle control, capmatinib alone, or radiation alone. IHC indicated inhibition of phospho-MET and phospho-S6 and a decrease in Ki67 with inhibition of MET.ConclusionsInhibition of MET with capmatinib enhanced the effect of radiation in both MET exon 14-mutated and MET-amplified NSCLC models.
WITHDRAWN: Conformational Dynamics and Ligand Binding of the Human Voltage-Gated Proton Channel
Authors: Sun Xiaoyu , Mo Xue , Ruan Zhi , Chen Wen 
Published: October 2023

Withdrawal StatementThe authors have withdrawn this manuscript because the backbone assignment needs recalibration. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author.
Adaptive reuse of built heritage: conserving and designing with values
Authors: Augustiniok Nadin , Houbart Claudine , Plevoets Bie , Van Cleempoel Koenraad 
Published: October 2023

PurposeAdaptive reuse processes aim to preserve heritage values while creating new values through the architectural interventions that have become necessary. This claim provokes a discussion about the meaning of values, how we can preserve them in practice and how we can translate them into architectural qualities that users experience. Riegl's understanding of the different perspectives of heritage values in the past and present opens up the possibility of identifying present values as a reflection of current social, material and political conditions in the architectural discourse.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative and practical study compares two Belgian projects to trace the use of values in adaptive reuse projects from an architectural design perspective. The Predikherenklooster, a 17th-century monastery in Mechelen that now houses the public library, and the C-Mine cultural centre in Genk, a former 20th-century coal mine, are compared. The starting point is Flemish legislation, which defines significance through values, distinguishing between 13 heritage values.FindingsThe study demonstrates the opportunities that axiological questions offer during the design process of an adaptive reuse project. They provide an overarching framework for tangible and intangible aspects that need to be discussed, particularly in terms of the link between what exists, the design strategy and their effect.Originality/valueAdaptive reuse can draw on approaches from both heritage conservation and contemporary architecture and explore values as a tool for “re-designing” built heritage.
Revisiting the financial development and economic growth nexus: empirical evidence from SAARC countries
Authors: Dar Muzffar Hussain , Nain Md Zulquar 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of economic growth and the moderating impact of inflation on financial development (FD) for six South Asian Association of Regional Countries (SAARC)es during the period of 1990–2020. Besides, the inflation threshold level and FD index are also estimated.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses several cross-sectional dependency tests, pooled mean group and panel fully modified least squares method. This study also makes use of principle component analysis in index construction.

Findings
The results indicate that economic growth positively impacts regions’ FD. The mediating term has a negative impact on FD when the inflation rate rises. The finding indicates after the 3.5% threshold limit, inflation changes its positive effect on FD. The constructed index is a superior measurement of FD because it controls measurement sensitivity and offers significant results.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study in the context of SAARC to analyse the interaction effect of inflation on the growth–finance relationship. This study’s novelty is further ensured by estimating the threshold level of inflation and construction index.