bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Чрезвычайные ситуации в России в 2023 году: экономические последствия
Authors: Вакарёв А.А. , Голодова О.А. , Иевлева Н.В. , Гаврилова О.А. , Максимова О.Н. 
Published: February 2025

Статья освещает стратегический анализ возникновения чрезвычайных ситуаций на территории Российской Федерации, в ее федеральных округах и наиболее пострадавших в 2023 г. регионах. Уделено внимание динамике количества чрезвычайных ситуаций за 2019-2023 гг., числа погибших и пострадавших, а также общего материального ущерба. Утверждается, что наиболее обоснованными показателями при этом являются данные об общем материальном ущербе как имеющие подтверждение в бухгалтерском учете, гарантирующем объективность. Выбранный период статистики позволяет показать сочетание больших, средних и малых чрезвычайных ситуаций на временных интервалах. Непосредственно по 2023 г. в статье продемонстрированы итоги возникновения чрезвычайных ситуаций в федеральных округах страны, а также проведен более детальный анализ количества и тяжести чрезвычайных ситуаций в Южном федеральном округе России как наиболее пострадавшем в исследуемом году. Установлены регионы страны, где экономические последствия были наиболее тяжелыми, но подчеркнуто, что данные регионы не являются действительно особо уязвимыми, а пострадали лишь вследствие случайного характера самих чрезвычайных ситуаций. Приводится комплекс рекомендаций по повышению экономической устойчивости и безопасности населения в Российской Федерации и ее регионах.
The article covers a strategic analysis of the occurrence of emergencies in the Russian Federation, in its federal districts and in the regions most affected in 2023. It pays attention to the dynamics of the number of emergencies for the period 2019-2023, the number of dead and injured, as well as general material damage. At the same time, the article claims that the most reasonable indicators in this case are data on total material damage, as having confirmation in accounting, guaranteeing objectivity. The period of statistics chosen by the authors allows us to show a combination of large, medium and small emergencies at time intervals. Directly for the period of 2023, the article demonstrates the results of the occurrence of emergencies in the federal districts of the country, as well as a more detailed analysis of the number and severity of emergencies in the Southern Federal District of Russia, as the most affected in the study year. The authors found that the regions of the country where the economic consequences were most severe, but stressed that these regions are not really particularly vulnerable, but suffered only due to the random nature of the emergencies themselves. Based on the study, the article provides a set of recommendations to increase the economic sustainability and safety of the population in the Russian Federation and its regions.
Стратегические HR-метрики для повышения эффективности организации
Authors: Саенко И.И. , Задоенко В.И. , Шильд А.В. 
Published: February 2025

В современном бизнесе управление человеческими ресурсами (HR) играет ключевую роль в повышении эффективности организаций. Стратегические HR-метрики позволяют оценить различные аспекты управления персоналом, такие как укомплектованность штатов, мотивация сотрудников, автоматизация процессов и текучесть кадров. На основе этих показателей можно выработать интегральный показатель эффективности управления персоналом, что дает возможность объективно оценить текущее состояние и разрабатывать стратегии для дальнейшего роста. Анализ динамики ключевых показателей, таких как заработная плата, количество принятых и уволенных сотрудников, уровень автоматизации, помогает выявить проблемные области и определить пути их оптимизации. Важным элементом является повышение автоматизации HR-процессов, что способствует увеличению производительности труда и снижению затрат. Применение стратегических HR-метрик позволяет руководству принимать более информированные решения, ориентированные на долгосрочное развитие и устойчивость бизнеса, особенно в условиях изменяющегося рынка труда.
In modern business, human resource management (HR) plays a key role in improving the efficiency of organizations. Strategic HR metrics allow you to evaluate various aspects of personnel management, such as staffing, employee motivation, process automation and staff turnover. Based on these indicators, it is possible to develop an integral indicator of the effectiveness of personnel management, which makes it possible to objectively assess the current state and develop strategies for further growth. Analyzing the dynamics of key indicators such as wages, the number of employees hired and dismissed, and the level of automation helps identify problem areas and identify ways to optimize them. An important element is to increase the automation of HR processes, which helps to increase labor productivity and reduce costs. The use of strategic HR metrics allows management to make more informed decisions focused on the long-term development and sustainability of the business, especially in a changing labor market.
Устойчивое развитие мясного скотоводства в системе регионального агропромышленного комплекса: малый бизнес
Authors: Ковалева И.В. , Мердяшева А.В. 
Published: February 2025

Мясное скотоводство как сектор экономики занимает значительную долю и является неотъемлемой частью агропромышленного комплекса. Малые формы хозяйствования имеют большой потенциал в развитии этой подотрасли, однако, основной проблемой их устойчивого развития как в целом в России, так и на региональном уровне остается их относительно низкая рентабельность производства. Племенным мясным скотоводством в Алтайском крае занимаются 12 предприятий, которые имеют 15 племенных свидетельств, однако фермерские и личные подсобные хозяйства испытывают финансовые трудности в покупке племенного скота; использование низкопродуктивного помесного скота является одной из основных причин низких показателей развития мясной отрасли.
Beef cattle breeding as a sector of the economy occupies a significant share and is an integral part of the agro-industrial complex. Small farms have great potential in the development of this sub-sector, however, the main problem of their sustainable development both in Russia as a whole and at the regional level remains their relatively low profitability of production. In the Altai Territory, 12 enterprises are engaged in breeding beef cattle breeding, which have 15 breeding certificates, however, farms and private subsidiary farms experience financial difficulties in purchasing breeding cattle; the use of low-yielding crossbred cattle is one of the main reasons for the low development rates of the meat industry.
Партнерские стратегии на рынке онлайн-образования: инструменты роста и укрепления конкурентных позиций
Authors: Павлюкевич Е.Д. 
Published: February 2025

В статье представлены результаты исследования механизмов формирования и развития партнерских отношений в секторе онлайн-образования. На основе анализа научной литературы и материалов глубинных интервью с представителями компаний, работающих на рынке онлайн-образования в России, выявлены ключевые характеристики успешных партнерств и их влияние на устойчивость образовательных организаций. Исследование показало существенную роль технологической совместимости, репутационного капитала и комплементарности целевых аудиторий в формировании эффективных партнерских отношений. Установлено позитивное влияние партнерств на финансовые показатели компаний, включая рост выручки и оптимизацию затрат на привлечение клиентов. Выявлены механизмы влияния партнерств на конкурентоспособность организаций через технологическую дифференциацию и улучшение рыночного позиционирования. Идентифицированы основные категории рисков партнерских отношений: операционные, стратегические и репутационные. Предложены механизмы минимизации выявленных рисков через формализацию процедур взаимодействия и создание совместных проектных команд. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при разработке стратегий развития компаний и формировании эффективных механизмов партнерского взаимодействия в секторе онлайн-образования.
The article presents the results of the research into the mechanisms of forming and developing partnerships in the online education sector. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and in-depth interviews with representatives of companies operating in the market of online education in Russia, the key characteristics of successful partnerships and their impact on the sustainability of educational organizations were identified. The study showed the essential role of technological compatibility, reputational capital and complementarity of target audiences in the formation of effective partnerships. The positive impact of partnerships on the financial performance of companies, including revenue growth and optimization of costs for attracting customers was established. The mechanisms of influence of partnerships on the competitiveness of organizations through technological differentiation and improvement of market positioning are revealed. The main categories of partnership risks are identified: operational, strategic and reputational. Mechanisms for minimizing the identified risks through the formalization of interaction procedures and the creation of joint project teams are proposed. The results of the study can be used in the development of company development strategies and the formation of effective mechanisms of partnership interaction in the online education sector.
Повышение роли камеральных налоговых проверок в предупреждении налоговых правонарушений в условиях цифровизации
Authors: Рыкунова В.Л. , Чемисов О.А. 
Published: February 2025

В статье определяется роль камеральных налоговых проверок в аспекте предупреждения налоговых правонарушений. Оценивается эффективность контрольных мероприятий в ходе камеральных проверок через рассмотрение динамики доначислений по результатам контрольной работы налоговых органов за 2021-2023 годы, сравнение результативности камеральных проверок в среднем по Российской Федерации и Курской области как в целом, так и в разрезе по налогам. При этом отмечается наличие ряда актуальных проблем, имеющих место быть в условиях цифровой экономики. Налоговые органы сталкиваются с новыми вызовами, связанными с увеличением объема данных, сложностью бизнес-процессов и использованием современных технологий. Для эффективного управления налоговыми правонарушениями и повышения налоговой дисциплины предлагаются меры по их предупреждению
The article defines the role of desk tax audits in the aspect of preventing tax offenses. At the same time, the effectiveness of control measures during desk inspections is assessed by considering the dynamics of additional charges based on the results of the control work of tax authorities for 2021-2023, comparing the effectiveness of desk inspections on average in the Russian Federation and the Kursk region, both in general and in terms of taxes. At the same time, it is noted that there are a number of urgent problems in the digital economy. Tax authorities are facing new challenges related to the increasing volume of data, the complexity of business processes and the use of modern technologies. In order to effectively manage tax offenses and increase tax discipline, measures are proposed to prevent them.
Повышение ликвидности организации для укрепления ее платежеспособности
Authors: Агафонова Н.П. , Аганов А.А. , Марков А.С. 
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается ключевая взаимосвязь между ликвидностью организации и ее платежеспособностью, подчеркивается, что достаточный уровень ликвидности является необходимым условием для обеспечения финансовой стабильности и своевременного выполнения обязательств. Способность компании быстро конвертировать активы в денежные средства напрямую влияет на ее возможность расплачиваться по счетам. Анализируются факторы, влияющие на ликвидность, такие как структура активов и пассивов, дебиторская и кредиторская задолженности, а также эффективность управления запасами. Проводится анализ факторов, оказывающих влияние на ликвидность, включая структуру активов и пассивов, соотношение дебиторской и кредиторской задолженностей, а также эффективность управления запасами. Изучаются такие ключевые аспекты, как скорость оборачиваемости активов и их способность генерировать денежный поток. Предлагаются конкретные меры по повышению ликвидности, включающие оптимизацию денежных потоков, управление оборотным капиталом, использование финансовых инструментов и привлечение дополнительных источников финансирования. Особое внимание уделяется необходимости постоянного мониторинга и анализа показателей ликвидности для оперативного реагирования на изменения рыночной ситуации и поддержания платежеспособности организации в долгосрочной перспективе. Уточняется, что управление ликвидностью – это непрерывный процесс, требующий внимания к деталям и проактивного подхода, обеспечивающий финансовую безопасность компании.
The article examines the key relationship between an organization’s liquidity and its solvency, emphasizing that an adequate level of liquidity is a prerequisite for ensuring financial stability and timely fulfillment of obligations. It is emphasized that the company’s ability to quickly convert assets into cash directly affects its ability to pay bills. The factors affecting liquidity are analyzed, such as the structure of assets and liabilities, accounts receivable and payable, as well as the effectiveness of inventory management. The analysis of factors affecting liquidity is carried out, including the structure of assets and liabilities, the ratio of accounts receivable and payables, as well as the effectiveness of inventory management. Specific measures are proposed to increase liquidity, including optimizing cash flows, managing working capital, using financial instruments, and attracting additional sources of financing. Special attention is paid to the need for constant monitoring and analysis of liquidity indicators in order to promptly respond to changes in the market situation and maintain the solvency of the organization in the long term. It is emphasized that liquidity management is an ongoing process that requires attention to detail and a proactive approach to ensure the financial security of the company.
Maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy
Authors: Mohammed Lafta Fadhel , Ban Jasim Mohamad  , Bassam K. Abdul Ameer  , Fadhel Mohammed Lafta  
Published: February 2025

The thyroid gland in pregnant women undergoes significant structural and physiological changes. One example is the universal enlargement of the gland in pregnant women in countries with sufficient and deficient body iodine levels. In addition, an increase of 50% occurs in both the production of the thyroid hormones and the daily need for iodine. Such alterations also continuously occur in women in general, but the pathological reactions taking place during pregnancy may lead to various aspects of dysfunction of the glans, including hypothyroidism which is commonly observed in pregnant women who might be seriously affected, along with the developing fetus. The situation can become complicated with other physiological disorders, including gestational hypertension, premature delivery, and fetal growth restriction. About 3 to 5 % of pregnant women develop hypothyroidism, making it the main form of thyroid dysfunction in this group of women. As compared to the overt form, subclinical hypothyroidism occurs in a higher frequency. It is diagnosed when the level of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the serum is higher compared to the pregnancy-specific reference range. Hormone levels higher than 2·5 mIU/L in the 1st trimester and 3 mIU/L in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters are also indicative of this condition. However, a number of studies reported serum TSH values of 5-10 and >10 mIU/L to diagnose subclinical and overt hypothyroidism, respectively. Close monitoring is especially important during the first trimester because untreated hypothyroidism during this time might lead to irreversible disorders in the nervous system of the developing fetus.
The U.S. Withdrawal from UNESCO under the Reagan Administration: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Avdeev B. A. 
Published: February 2025

The United States positions itself as a global leader and upholder of the world order whose pivotal role in the system of international relations is legitimized through its active participation in multilateral institutions. At the same time, it was the United States which resorted to unilateral actions more often than any other state, exerted significant diplomatic and financial leverage on international organizations to achieve its national interests, undermining the very principle of multilateral cooperation. This inconsistency has been most clearly manifested in the U.S. conflict behavior towards UNESCO — an integral part of the UN system, which focuses on addressing the global issues of the present. In terms of providing a better understanding of the logic behind the formation of the U.S. policy towards this organization and to the UN in general, the case of the first U.S. withdrawal from UNESCO in 1984 under the Reagan administration is of particular interest. On the basis of K. Waltz’s methodology of multilevel analysis the article reconstructs the chronology of the decision-making process, identifies its internal and external determinants, and outlines its key actors. The first section focuses on the systemic constraints that forced the Reagan administration to reconsider its attitude towards the UN system in general and UNESCO in particular. The second section examines the domestic political determinants of the withdrawal decision, centered around the results of complex bargaining between the key players in the American political system, government agencies and interest groups. The third section outlines the motivation and politicalpsychological portraits of individual politicians who were personally interested in pulling USA out of UNESCO. In this regard, the emphasis is given to the figure of the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs G. Newell. In conclusion, the author argues that the withdrawal decision was deliberately made by ideologically motivated politicians in the Reagan administration, despite the alternative voices from Congress, a number of government agencies and civil society. It became a sort of response of the conservative-minded American establishment to changing international status quo, including the realignment of power in the UN specialized agencies.
‘Trumpism’ as a Dominant Movement in the U.S. Republican Party in the 2020s
Authors: Sharikov P. A. 
Published: February 2025

Donald Trump’s decisive victory in the 2024 U.S. presidential election offers a fresh perspective on the nature of ‘Trumpism’, which has now firmly established itself not as a temporary or accidental fluctuation in U.S. political life, but as a stable and powerful social phenomenon. This article attempts to identify the origins and key ideological components of this trend, examining it in the context of contemporary political processes within the Republican Party. The first section of the article traces the changes in Trump’s approach to building relationships with the Republican establishment. It highlights that there were favorable domestic political conditions and an updated campaign strategy that allowed Trump to solidify his electoral position at both regional and federal levels in 2024. This marks a sharp contrast with the 2016 campaign, where he was viewed as an ‘outsider’ and a disruptive actor. The second section delves into the ideology of ‘Trumpism’ in the context of the 2024 presidential election. It notes that while Trump distanced himself from the most radical initiatives of the far-right faction of the Republican establishment during the campaign, his rhetoric was distinctly conservative and combative, especially when contrasted with the conciliatory platform of the Democrats. In conclusion, the article argues that ‘Trumpism’ has evolved into a powerful, independent movement within the Republican Party, one that is likely to maintain its influence in the years to come. At the same time, it suggests that Trump’s and the Republican Party’s victory in the U.S. reflects a broader global trend towards strengthening rightwing ideologies. In this regard, the case of the European Union is particularly noteworthy. It raises the question of how Trump’s victory will impact the positions of conservative and right-populist parties and movements across Europe.
Context Management Life Cycle for Internet of Things: Tools, Techniques, and Open Issues
Authors: Vijayvargia Kirti , Saxena Preeti , Bhilare D. S. 
Published: February 2025

The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the concomitant development of smart systems has rendered context-aware computing an emerging field of research. The IoT facilitates the large-scale integration of Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication systems, largely independent of human intervention. The context of a situation, encompassing factors, such as mood, location, and activity, is typically taken into account by humans in an implicit manner, influencing their subsequent actions. Similarly, IoT based smart systems require context data acquired through the use of sensors. The primary challenge lies in the adaptation of context information through the proper modeling and analysis of the vast and heterogeneous sensor data. The phases of context acquisition, modeling, reasoning, and dissemination are collectively referred to as the context management life cycle. The principal aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in each phase of the context management life cycle. This study presents a comprehensive review of the tools, techniques, algorithms, and architectures documented in the relevant literature, with a focus on research papers and articles published between 2010 and 2024. The discussion and open issues section at the end of the paper offer insights for future researchers engaged in the study, development, implementation, and evaluation of techniques and approaches for context management in IoT.
A Study on the Nonlinear Characteristics of Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension Systems for Mining Dump Trucks
Authors: Long Le Xuan , Van Quynh Le , Tuan Nguyen Van , Chau Nguyen Minh , Minh Nguyen Khac 
Published: February 2025

In the current study, nonlinear characteristics of Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension (HPS) systems for mining dump trucks are proposed and analyzed for the ride comfort of off-highway vehicles. To analyze these characteristics, a mathematical HPS model was used to determine the vertical elastic and damping forces. Then, a two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) quarter-vehicle dynamic model of a mining dump truck was proposed to analyze the nonlinear characteristics of the HPS systems implemented in a MATLAB/Simulink environment under low-frequency excitations of road surfaces. An experiment was set up to measure the vibration accelerations at the upper and lower positions of the HPS systems to verify the proposed HPS mathematical model. The experimental and simulation results demonstrated that both the time- and frequency-domain accelerations were consistent with the laws of physics and exhibited errors within acceptable ranges, thereby demonstrating the reliability of the proposed mathematical model. The simulation results showed that the elastic force increased rapidly during the compression process and increased slowly during the rebound process, whereas the damping force increased very slowly during the compression process but increased rapidly during the rebound process owing to the effect of the backflow valve. The results of the force characteristic curve analysis of the HPS systems with different excitation frequencies also revealed that when the vibration excitation frequency increased, the elastic, damping, and vertical total forces of the front and rear HPS systems increased quite rapidly.