bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of tracking invasive Escherichia coli disease among older adults in a community setting: A prospective observational study
Authors: Doua Joachim , Ekkelenkamp Miquel , Verheij Theo , Go Oscar , Ruhmel Stephen , Leathers Kimberly , Spiessens Bart , van Rooij Sanne , Fowler Vance G. , Geurtsen Jeroen , Dolor Rowena , Sarnecki Michal , Chatterjee Ranee , Poolman Jan , Bonten Marc ,   on behalf COMBACTE-NET consortium/EXPECT study group
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED) encompasses a diverse range of sterile site infections. This study evaluated the feasibility of capturing IED among community-dwelling older adults to inform the implementation of a phase 3 efficacy trial of a novel vaccine against IED (NCT04899336).

Methods
EXPECT-1 (NCT04087681) was a prospective, multinational, observational study conducted in medically stable participants aged ≥ 60 years. At least 50% of participants were selected based on a history of urinary tract infection (UTI) in the previous 10 years. The main outcomes were the incidence of IED and the number of hospitalisations reported by the site vs participant. The length of follow-up was 12 months. In a US-based substudy, a smartphone-based geofencing was evaluated to track hospital entries.

Results
In total, 4470 participants were enrolled (median age, 70.0 years); 59.5% (2657/4469) of participants had a history of UTI in the previous 10 years. Four IED events were captured through deployment of different tracking methods: a self-report, a general practitioner (GP) report, and a follow-up call. The incidence rate of IED was 98.6 events per 100,000 person-years. The number of reported hospitalisations was 2529/4470 (56.6%) by the site and 2177/4470 (48.7%) by participants; 13.8% of hospitalisations would have been missed if utilising only site reports. Geofencing detected 72 hospital entries.

Conclusion
Deployment of multiple tracking methods can optimise detection of IED among community-dwelling older adults. Older adults with a history of UTI could be feasibly targeted for a phase 3 vaccine efficacy trial through a network of GPs.
Revealing the mechanism of 755-nm long-pulsed alexandrite laser in inhibiting infantile hemangioma endothelial cells through transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Ke Chen , Chen Changhan , Yang Ming , Chen Hao , Li Liqun , Ke Youhui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Laser therapy has shown promising outcomes in treating infantile hemangiomas. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying laser treatment for IH remain incompletely elucidated. This study aimed to unravel the molecular mechanisms of laser therapy in IH treatment. We evaluated the inhibitory effects of laser treatment on the proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in human hemangioma endothelial cells (HemECs) through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Hoechst 33342 staining, and flow cytometric analysis. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of HemECs following laser treatment revealed a significant decrease in the expression level of the GSTM5 gene. The qRT-PCR and western blot analysis also showed that GSTM5 expression in HemECs was downregulated compared to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and concomitantly, the p62-Nrf2 pathway was suppressed. Using siRNA to downregulate GSTM5 expression, we observed that inhibiting GSTM5 expression could restrain cell proliferation, elevate intracellular ROS levels, and induce apoptosis in HemECs. Furthermore, upon inhibition of the p62-Nrf2 pathway using p62-specific siRNA, a significant decrease in GSTM5 expression and an elevation in intracellular ROS levels were noted in laser-treated HemECs. These findings suggested that laser treatment may operate by inhibiting the p62-Nrf2 pathway, thereby downregulating GSTM5 expression, elevating ROS levels, and consequently inducing apoptosis in HemECs.
Can traditional management practices help mountain livestock farms in the Spanish Pyrenees cope with climate change?
Authors: Muñoz-Ulecia Enrique , Martín-Collado Daniel , Bernués Alberto , Peral Alicia Tenza , Casasús Isabel , Villalba Daniel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLivestock grazing systems constitute a traditional activity in mountain areas. They are adapted to vegetation growth cycles in meadows, forests and grasslands, and deliver ecosystem services such as open landscapes, wildfires prevention, biodiversity maintenance and quality products. Climate change poses a new challenge on mountain grazing systems by impacting on its natural resource base. We used the model NODRIZA to evaluate the potential impact of three scenarios of altered pasture quality and quantity due to climate change (optimistic, medium and worst) and a business-as-usual scenario (BAU) on four beef farms representative of the existing grazing systems in the Spanish Pyrenees. We explored the role of traditional management practices (e.g. modifying the grazing season and early weaning) to cope with these changes. Cow body condition score, feed self-sufficiency and gross margin were the indicators of farms functioning. The optimistic scenario improved all farming indicators during most of the modelled period and then declined—still above BAU levels—in the long term. The medium scenario resulted in an initial improvement of farming indicators and a decline to BAU levels in the long run. The worst scenario declined all indicators below BAU levels. The four case studies were impacted in the same direction but to different extent, farms oriented to fattened calves suffered higher impacts than those focused on weaned calves. Traditional adaptation actions succeeded to maintain cow body condition score steady, but they came at the expense of lower feed self-sufficiency and gross margin, becoming impractical to face climate change.
GA-based QOS-aware workflow scheduling of deadline tasks in grid computing
Authors: Girgis Moheb R. , Mahmoud Tarek M. , Azzam Hagar M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGrid computing is the aggregation of the power of heterogeneous, geographically distributed computing resources to provide high-performance computing. To benefit from the grid computing capabilities, effectual scheduling algorithms are primarily essential. This paper presents a GA-based approach, called Grid Workflow Tasks Scheduling Algorithm (GWTSA), for scheduling workflow tasks on grid services based on users’ QoS (quality of service) constraints in terms of cost and time. For a given set of inter-dependent workflow tasks, it generates an optimal schedule, which minimizes the execution time and cost, such that the optimized time be within the time constraints (deadline) imposed by the user. In GWTSA, the workflow tasks are modeled as a DAG, which is divided, then the optimal sub-schedules of all task divisions are computed and used to obtain the execution schedule of the entire workflow. A GA-based technique is employed in GWTSA to compute the optimal execution sub-schedule for each branch division that consists of a set of sequential tasks. In this technique, the chromosome represents a branch division, where each gene holds the id of the service provider chosen to execute the corresponding task in the branch; and the fitness function is formulated as a multi-objective function of time and cost, this gives users the ability to determine their requirements if speed against cost or vice versa, by changing the weighting coefficients in the fitness function. The paper also exhibits the experimental results of assessing the performance of GWTSA with workflow samples of different sizes.
Epidemiology and drug resistance analysis of bloodstream infections in an intensive care unit from a children’s medical center in Eastern China for six consecutive years
Authors: Shao Huijiang , Zhang Xin , Li Yang , Gao Yuanyuan , Wang Yunzhong , Shao Xuejun , Dai Ling 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Children in the intensive care unit (ICU) who suffer from severe basic diseases and low immunity are usually in critical condition. It is crucial to assist clinicians in selecting the appropriate empirical antibiotic therapies for clinical infection control.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from 281 children with bloodstream infection (BSI). Comparisons of basic data, pathogenic information, and drug resistance of the main bacteria were conducted.

Results
We detected 328 strains, including Gram-positive bacteria (223, 68%), mainly coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS); Gram-negative bacteria (91, 27.7%); and fungi (14, 4.3%). The results of the binary logistic regression analysis showed that the main basic disease was an independent risk factor for death. Compared with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibited a higher proportion of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and its resistance to some β-lactamides and quinolones antibiotics were lower. Twenty-seven isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria were detected, of which carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) accounted for the highest proportion (13, 48.2%).

Conclusions
CoNS was the principal pathogen causing BSI in children in the ICU of children, and Escherichia coli was the most common Gram-negative pathogen. The main basic disease was an independent risk factor for death. It is necessary to continuously monitor patients with positive blood cultures, pay special attention to detected MDR bacteria, and strengthen the management of antibiotics and prevention and control of nosocomial infections.
Design and development of a portable low-cost QCM-based system for liquid biosensing
Authors: Adel Mohamed , Allam Ahmed , Sayour Ashraf E. , Ragai Hani F. , Umezu Shinjiro , Fath El-Bab Ahmed M. R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQuartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a versatile sensing platform that has gained increasing attention for its use in bioapplications due to its high sensitivity, real-time measurement capabilities, and label-free detection. This article presents a portable QCM system for liquid biosensing that uses a modified Hartley oscillator to drive 14 mm-diameter commercial QCM sensors. The system is designed to be low-cost, easy to use, and highly sensitive, making it ideal for various bioapplications. A new flow cell design to deliver samples to the surface of the sensor has been designed, fabricated, and tested. For portability and miniaturization purposes, a micropump-based pumping system is used in the current system. The system has a built-in temperature controller allowing for accurate frequency measurements. In addition, the system can be used in benchtop mode. The capability of the present system to be used in liquid biosensing is demonstrated through an experimental test for sensitivity to changes in the viscosity of glycerol samples. It was found to have a sensitivity of 263.51 Hz/mPa.s using a 10 MHz QCM sensor. Future work regarding potential applications was suggested.
Graphical Abstract
A micro-fabricated device (microICSI) improves porcine blastocyst development and procedural efficiency for both porcine intracytoplasmic sperm injection and human microinjection
Authors: McLennan Hanna J. , Heinrich Shauna L. , Inge Megan P. , Wallace Samuel J. , Blanch Adam J. , Hails Llewelyn , O’Connor John P. , Waite Michael B. , McIlfatrick Stephen , Nottle Mark B. , Dunning Kylie R. , Gardner David K. , Thompson Jeremy G. , Love Allison K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) imparts physical stress on the oolemma of the oocyte and remains among the most technically demanding skills to master, with success rates related to experience and expertise. ICSI is also time-consuming and requires workflow management in the laboratory. This study presents a device designed to reduce the pressure on the oocyte during injection and investigates if this improves embryo development in a porcine model. The impact of this device on laboratory workflow was also assessed.

Methods
Porcine oocytes were matured in vitro and injected with porcine sperm by conventional ICSI (C-ICSI) or with microICSI, an ICSI dish that supports up to 20 oocytes housed individually in microwells created through microfabrication. Data collected included set-up time, time to align the polar body, time to perform the injection, the number of hand adjustments between controllers, and degree of invagination at injection. Developmental parameters measured included cleavage and day 6 blastocyst rates. Blastocysts were differentially stained to assess cell numbers of the inner cell mass and trophectoderm. A pilot study with human donated MII oocytes injected with beads was also performed.

Results
A significant increase in porcine blastocyst rate for microICSI compared to C-ICSI was observed, while cleavage rates and blastocyst cell numbers were comparable between treatments. Procedural efficiency of microinjection was significantly improved with microICSI compared to C-ICSI in both species.

Conclusion
The microICSI device demonstrated significant developmental and procedural benefits for porcine ICSI. A pilot study suggests human ICSI should benefit equally.
Assessment of the performance of aluminum, copper, and graphene nanometer fillers filled woven glass fiber/epoxy composites
Authors: Megahed M. , Sakr Amira S. , Badawy A. A. M. , Seleem M. H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study embedded graphene nanoplatelet (GNP), nano-sized aluminum and copper in epoxy-reinforced woven glass fiber. The 0.5 wt% nanofillers were incorporated into epoxy resin. Nanofilled glass fiber/epoxy hybrid composite laminates were fabricated using the hand layup technique. Fillers were dispersed in an epoxy matrix via the ultrasonic processor. The influence of the inclusion of these nanofillers on the physical and mechanical performance of glass fiber/epoxy composites was studied. The resulting hybrid nanocomposites illustrated good characteristics when compared to control specimens. The graphene nanophased glass fiber/epoxy composite achieved the maximum improvement of 59.2%, 91.5%, 74.7%, and 100% in in-plane shear, fracture toughness, impact, and interlaminar shear strength, respectively. Additionally, glass fiber/epoxy filled with GNP behaved as the lowest seawater absorption. Control filled with 0.5 wt% GNP showed strong fiber/matrix interfacial bonding in scanning electron microscopy images after being subjected to a fracture toughness test.
Facing life: the messy bodies of enactive cognitive science
Authors: McGann Marek 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDescriptions of bodies within the literature of the enactive approach to cognitive science exhibit an interesting dialectical tension. On the one hand, a body is considered to be a unity which instantiates an identity, forming an intrinsic basis for value. On the other, a living body is in a reciprocally defining relationship with the environment, and is therefore immersed and entangled with, rather than distinct from, its environment. In this paper I examine this tension, and its implications for the enactive approach, particularly the enactive conceptions of life and bodies. Following the lead of others, I argue that enactive cognitive science can benefit from a deeper reading and integration with extant work on the complexity and multiplicity of the living body within feminist philosophy and feminist science studies.
Predicting Radiotherapy Patient Outcomes with Real-Time Clinical Data Using Mathematical Modelling
Authors: Browning Alexander P. , Lewin Thomas D. , Baker Ruth E. , Maini Philip K. , Moros Eduardo G. , Caudell Jimmy , Byrne Helen M. , Enderling Heiko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLongitudinal tumour volume data from head-and-neck cancer patients show that tumours of comparable pre-treatment size and stage may respond very differently to the same radiotherapy fractionation protocol. Mathematical models are often proposed to predict treatment outcome in this context, and have the potential to guide clinical decision-making and inform personalised fractionation protocols. Hindering effective use of models in this context is the sparsity of clinical measurements juxtaposed with the model complexity required to produce the full range of possible patient responses. In this work, we present a compartment model of tumour volume and tumour composition, which, despite relative simplicity, is capable of producing a wide range of patient responses. We then develop novel statistical methodology and leverage a cohort of existing clinical data to produce a predictive model of both tumour volume progression and the associated level of uncertainty that evolves throughout a patient’s course of treatment. To capture inter-patient variability, all model parameters are patient specific, with a bootstrap particle filter-like Bayesian approach developed to model a set of training data as prior knowledge. We validate our approach against a subset of unseen data, and demonstrate both the predictive ability of our trained model and its limitations.
Groundwater delineation for sustainable improvement and development aided by GIS, AHP, and MIF techniques
Authors: Ehsan Muhsan , Shabbir Haider , Al-Quraishi Ayad M. Fadhil , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Ahmad Zulfiqar , Abdelrahman Kamal , Sohail Muhammad Tayyab , Manzoor Zaira , Shafi Ahsan , Elbeltagi Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExploration of groundwater is an integral part of viable resource growth for society, economy, and irrigation. However, uncontrolled utilization is mainly reported in urban and industries due to the increasing demand for water in semi-arid and arid regions of the world. In the background, groundwater demarcation for potential areas is vital in meeting necessary demand. The current study applied an integrated method comprising the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), multiple influence factors (MIF), combined with a linear regression curve and observatory well data for groundwater prospects mapping. Thematic maps such as flow direction, flow accumulation, elevation map, land use land cover, slope, soil texture, hill shade, geomorphology, normalized vegetation index, and groundwater depth map were generated utilizing remote sensing techniques. The relative weight of each parameter was estimated and then assigned to major and minor parameters. Potential zones for groundwater were classified into five classes, namely very good, good, moderate, poor, and very poor, based on AHP and MIF methods. A spatially explicit sensitivity and uncertainty analysis method to a GIS-based multi-criteria groundwater potential zone model is presented in this research. The study addressed a flaw in the way groundwater potential mapping results are typically presented in GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis studies, where discrete class outputs are used without any assessment of their certainty with respect to variations in criteria weighting, which is one of the main contributors to output uncertainty. The study region is categorized based on inferred results as very poor, poor, marginal, and very good in potential ground quality 3.04 km2 is considered extremely poor, 3.33 km2 is considered poor, 64.42 km2 is considered very good, and 85.84 km2 is considered marginal zones, which shows reliable and potential implementation. The outcomes of AHP and MIF were validated by linear regression curve and actual water table in a study area. The study results help to formulate the potential demarcation of groundwater zones for future sustainable planning and development of groundwater sources. This study may be helpful to provide a cost-effective solution to water resources crises. The current study finding may be helpful for decision-makers and administrative professionals for sustainable management of groundwater resources for present and future demands.
Risk factors for herpes zoster infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis unveiling common trends and heterogeneity patterns
Authors: Steinmann Maren , Lampe David , Grosser John , Schmidt Juliana , Hohoff Marla Louise , Fischer Anita , Greiner Wolfgang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThe burden of herpes zoster (HZ) is substantial and numerous chronic underlying conditions are known as predisposing risk factors for HZ onset. Thus, a comprehensive study is needed to synthesize existing evidence. This study aims to comprehensively identify these risk factors.MethodsA systematic literature search was done using MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for studies published from January 1, 2003 to January 1, 2023. A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled Odds Ratios (OR). Heterogeneity was assessed using theI2statistic. For sensitivity analyses basic outlier removal, leave-one-out validation and Graphic Display of Heterogeneity (GOSH) plots with different algorithms were employed to further analyze heterogeneity patterns. Finally, a multiple meta-regression was conducted.ResultsOf 6392 considered records, 80 were included in the meta-analysis. 21 different conditions were identified as potential risk factors for HZ: asthma, autoimmune disorders, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, chronic heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), depression, diabetes, digestive disorders, endocrine and metabolic disorders, hematological disorders, HIV, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mental health conditions, musculoskeletal disorders, neurological disorders, psoriasis, renal disorders, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and transplantation. Transplantation was associated with the highest risk of HZ (OR = 4.51 (95% CI [1.9–10.7])). Other risk factors ranged from OR = 1.17–2.87, indicating an increased risk for all underlying conditions. Heterogeneity was substantial in all provided analyses. Sensitivity analyses showed comparable results regarding the pooled effects and heterogeneity.ConclusionsThis study showed an increased risk of HZ infections for all identified factors.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic–Hydrophilic Patterned Cu@Ag Composite SERS Substrate via Femtosecond Laser
Authors: Zhang Yuheng , Xu Zongwei , Zhang Kun , Song Ying , Dong Bing , Wang Jianshi , Yan Mengzhi , Sun Qingqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUltralow concentration molecular detection is critical in various fields, e.g., food safety, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnosis. Highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based on ultra-wettable surfaces has attracted attention due to its unique ability to detect trace molecules. However, the complexity and cost associated with the preparation of traditional SERS substrates restrict their practical application. Thus, an efficient SERS substrate preparation with high sensitivity, a simplified process, and controllable cost is required. In this study, a superhydrophobic–hydrophilic patterned Cu@Ag composite SERS substrate was fabricated using femtosecond laser processing technology combined with silver plating and surface modification treatment. By inducing periodic stripe structures through femtosecond laser processing, the developed substrate achieves uniform distribution hotspots. Using the surface wettability difference, the object to be measured can be confined in the hydrophilic region and the edge of the hydrophilic region, where the analyte is enriched by the coffee ring effect, can be quickly located by surface morphology difference of micro-nanostructures; thus, greatly improving detection efficiency. The fabricated SERS substrate can detect Rhodamine 6G (R6G) at an extraordinarily low concentration of 10−15 mol/L, corresponding to an enhancement factor of 1.53 × 108. This substrate has an ultralow detection limit, incurs low processing costs and is simple to prepare; thus, the substrate has significant application potential in the trace analysis field.