bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Test‐retest reliability of cardiopulmonary exercise test‐derived metrics in individuals with COPD versus healthy controls
Authors: Mohammad Milan , Thomsen Rie S. , Rasmussen Iben E. , Andersen Amalie B. , Hartmann Jacob P. , Berg Ronan M. G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is usually considered the gold standard for assessing maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max), a health and performance marker in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite the widespread application of CPET, the absolute and relative test‐retest reliability of CPET‐derived metrics remains unexamined.ObjectiveTo examine and compare test‐retest reliability of CPET derived metrics in individuals with COPD and healthy matched controls.Methods12 individuals with COPD and 12 healthy age‐ and sex‐matched controls were included in this case‐control study. Each participant completed two CPET on a bicycle ergometer on two different days. Absolute reliability was reported as smallest real difference (SRD) and relative reliability as coefficient of variance (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).Main ResultsSRD for peak oxygen uptake was 451.6 (267.4;1006.4) mL/min and CV was 7.8 (4.7;11.0)% in patients with COPD, whereas SRD was 244.2 (151.4;491.5) mL/min and CV was 3.0 (1.8;4.2)% in healthy controls but with no significant between group difference for SRD. CV values for all CPET derived metrics were found to be below 10%. Apart from peak workload achieved and peak minute ventilation, SRD and CV were significantly higher in COPD than in controls for all other CPET‐derived metrics.ConclusionThis study provides test‐retest reliability estimates of the most widely used CPET derived metrics in individuals with COPD and healthy matched controls. Test‐retest reliability for most metrics derived from CPET were found to be lower in individuals with COPD when compared to healthy controls.
Regenerating Locus Coeruleus‐Norepinephrine (LC‐NE) Function: A Novel Approach for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Yang Yana , Tao Yunlong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPathological changes in the locus coeruleus‐norepinephrine (LC‐NE) neurons, the major source of norepinephrine (NE, also known as noradrenaline) in the brain, are evident during the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases (ND). Research on both human and animal models have highlighted the therapeutic potential of targeting the LC‐NE system to mitigate the progression of ND and alleviate associated psychiatric symptoms. However, the early and widespread degeneration of the LC‐NE system presents a significant challenge for direct intervention in ND. Recent advances in regenerative cell therapy offer promising new strategies for ND treatment. The regeneration of LC‐NE from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) could significantly broaden the scope of LC‐NE‐based therapies for ND. In this review, we delve into the fundamental background and physiological functions of LC‐NE. Additionally, we systematically examine the evidence and role of the LC‐NE system in the neuropathology of ND and psychiatric diseases over recent years. Notably, we focus on the significance of PSCs‐derived LC‐NE and its potential impact on ND therapy. A deeper understanding and further investigation into the regeneration of LC‐NE function could pave the way for practical and effective treatments for ND.
Every Face Has a Name: Individuation Training Reduces Implicit Racial Bias
Authors: Qian Miao , Pang Yihan , Fu Genyue 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAddressing racial bias in early childhood is crucial for fostering inclusivity and reducing social inequalities. This study examined the effectiveness of individuation training in reducing racial bias among Canadian preschool‐aged children and explored how interracial contact might influence changes in children's implicit anti‐Black bias. A total of 113 preschool‐age children (60 females, Mage = 5.31 years) were trained to individuate Black or White faces. Results showed a significant reduction in implicit anti‐Black bias following Black individuation training, whereas no significant change was observed in the White individuation training group. Additionally, factors such as interracial friendships were found to influence the reduction of bias. These findings contribute to the understanding of developmental interventions for diverse cultural contexts, with implications for early childhood education and efforts to promote social inclusivity. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://www.powtoon.com/c/enBEKBMdMXR/1/m
Armenia and Türkiye between conflict and cooperation: explaining (with) disaster diplomacy
Authors: İçduygu Ahmet , Grigoryan Irena , Doğan Gülşen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOver the past 30 years, the relationship between the neighbouring states of Armenia and Türkiye has been greatly influenced by a politicised atmosphere and ongoing debates about their shared history, alongside efforts at reconciliation. It is noteworthy that, in a global context increasingly characterised by both anthropogenic and natural calamities, the phenomenon of (shared) disasters as it pertains to the dynamics of Armenia–Türkiye relations has garnered relatively scant scholarly attention. This study investigates instances of the COVID‐19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic on a global scale and the Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) earthquakes that occurred on 6 February 2023, which serve as disasters possessing diplomatic and symbolic significance that could facilitate a transition from a state of conflict to one of cooperative peace between these two nations. Utilising a disaster diplomacy framework and incorporating data obtained from Armenia and Türkiye, this paper posits that disasters may function as a substantial catalyst in fostering diplomatic conditions and advancing efforts towards rapprochement.
Left Atrial Markers in Diagnosing and Prognosticating Non‐Ischemic Cardiomyopathies: Ready for Prime Time?
Authors: Benjamin Mina M. , Rabbat Mark G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe left atrium (LA) is pivotal in cardiac hemodynamics, serving as a dynamic indicator of left ventricular (LV) compliance and diastolic function. The LA undergoes structural and functional adaptations in response to hemodynamic stress, infiltrative processes, myocardial injury, and arrhythmic triggers. Remodeling of the LA in response to these stressors directly impacts pulmonary circulation, eventually leading to pulmonary capillary involvement, pulmonary artery hypertension, and eventually right ventricular failure. LA dysfunction and fibrosis also contribute to the future risk of atrial arrhythmias and mitral regurgitation. The parameters of LA size and function are being recognized as robust markers for the progression of several cardiac pathologies as well as important tools for prognostication. In this article, we briefly describe the different modalities and markers used to evaluate LA pathology in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathies (NICM). We then provide an overview of the studies that compared the association of the different LA parameters with disease severity and future prognosis. We also identify the gaps in knowledge before these LA parameters make a case for clinical adoption.
Fetal Cardiac Function and Remodeling in In Vitro Fertilization Pregnancies: A Tertiary Center Experience
Authors: Betül Akgun Aktas , Zahid Agaoglu , Atakan Tanacan , Ozgür Kara , Dilek Sahin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeTo investigate fetal cardiac functions and remodeling in pregnancies conceived via in vitro fertilization (IVF).MethodsThis prospective case–control study included 40 singleton IVF pregnancies and 46 uncomplicated control pregnancies at 28–36 weeks of gestation. The IVF group consisted of pregnancies applied to the outpatient clinic, excluding those with anatomical or chromosomal abnormalities. Fetal cardiac morphological measurements, left myocardial performance index (MPI), cardiac output, spectral, tissue Doppler, and M‐mode measurements were recorded. Ventricular and great vessel size were assessed for fetal cardiac morphology, while MPI, spectral Doppler, and tissue Doppler parameters were assessed for cardiac function.ResultsThe right atrial area was statistically increased and the right ventricular basal sphericity index was statistically decreased in the IVF group. The mitral and aortic valves were smaller in the IVF group, while tricuspid and pulmonary valve measurements were similar. Left ventricular ejection time was statistically lower in the IVF group, although the MPI was similar. The IVF group had a higher right fetal MPI on tissue Doppler imaging, but the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionThis study suggests that IVF pregnancies may demonstrate some effects of fetal cardiac remodeling and mild systolic dysfunction.
Introduction of a Fallow Year to Continuous Rice Systems Enhances Crop Soil Nitrogen Uptake
Authors: Zhang Zhenglin , Olk Daniel C. , Linquist Bruce A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRice grown in California constitutes 20% of total U.S. rice production and is typically grown in a continuous rice monoculture system. In recent years, growers have been forced to fallow their lands often due to winter droughts leading to water restrictions or spring rains leading to prevented planting. Increased soil aeration due to fallowing creates knowledge gaps in soil nitrogen (N) availability. A two‐year field study was conducted to evaluate differences in crop N uptake between rice cultivation following a fallow season, fallow rice (FR) and continuous rice (CR) systems. Crop uptake of soil N (N uptakesoil) and fertiliser N (N uptakefertilizer) were quantified using 15N‐enriched ammonium sulfate applied in microplots as a preplant (150 kg N ha−1) or topdress (30 kg N ha−1) application. In both seasons when N was applied as a preplant fertiliser, the FR treatment had a higher grain yield than did the CR treatment, with yield differences of 2.3 Mg ha−1 in 2021 (p < 0.05) and 1.7 Mg ha−1 in 2022 (p < 0.05). Examining the sources of crop N uptake for preplant applied N, on average, N uptakesoil in the FR treatment was 16.7 kg N ha−1 higher than the CR treatment at maturity (p < 0.05). In contrast, N uptakefertilizer was similar between treatments. Additionally, comparable soil and crop fertiliser N recoveries in CR and FR preplant N suggested that the pathways and magnitudes of fertiliser N losses were similar in both systems. These results indicate that N uptakesoil was primarily responsible for lower N uptake in CR. Similar results were found when N was applied as a topdress, where FR had increased N uptakesoil in both years. We further investigated the reason for lower rates of N uptakesoil in CR. Soil phenols, which have been documented to accumulate in continuously flooded rice systems and stabilise soil N, were quantified in the field study. Complementing the rigorous field study, a regional survey study that incorporated nine paired fields was conducted to quantify regional phenol levels. In both the field and the regional survey studies, soil phenols were higher in CR than in FR fields. Together, higher phenol levels and lower N uptakesoil in CR provide mechanistic evidence that the introduction of a season‐long fallow to continuous rice systems enhances soil N availability by reducing organic substrate recalcitrance. Future work should identify the duration needed for soil phenol accumulation to impair soil N cycling under continuous rice cultivation, as well as any roles of soil microbial populations in these soil N cycling patterns.
Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis in Israel: Genetic Landscape and Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Dori Amir , Chorin Odelia , Ruhrman‐Shahar Noa , Fellner Avi , Alon Tayir , Reznik‐Wolf Haike , Barel Ortal , Fourey Dana , Zadok Osnat Itzhaki Ben , Aviv Yaron , Nikitin Vera , Ben‐David Merav , Shavit‐Stein Efrat , Goldis Rivka , Kaplan Batia , Shapiro Daniela , Pras Elon , Pollak Arthur , Meiner Vardiella , Arad Michael , Greenbaum Lior 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis is a rare, adult‐onset autosomal‐dominant disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the transthyretin (TTR) gene. Data about relevant variants in specific populations and typical initial manifestations may facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. We here describe the genetic landscape of ATTRv amyloidosis in Israel.MethodsGenetic and clinical data of TTR variant carriers and ATTRv amyloidosis patients were collected from a national referral clinic and other subspecialty clinics in Israel. Genotype–phenotype correlations of the detected variants were detailed. In addition, two large Israeli exome sequence (ES) databases were screened for TTR variants.ResultsSeven heterozygous disease‐causing variants in TTR were identified among 95 adults (52 males, 50.7%). The Ser77Tyr variant was found in 68 (71.6%) subjects of Jewish Yemenite ancestry. Val122Ile was found in 9 (9.4%) subjects and was the only variant detected in individuals of Arab ethnicity. Other variants were Thr60Ala, Val30Met, Val32Ala, Ala81Val, and Glu89Val. Thirty‐five individuals were ATTRv amyloidosis patients (25 males, 71.4%), diagnosed at a mean age of 62.5 ± 6.7 years, and 23 (63.7%) were due to Ser77Tyr. Initial symptoms were mostly related to carpal tunnel syndrome, and the sensitivity of scintigraphy was low for Ser77Tyr but high for Thr60Ala and Val32Ala variants. TTR pathogenic variants were detected in 14 of approximately 36,600 subjects who underwent ES, including Val122Ile in 9 subjects of Arab ethnicity.ConclusionsMost ATTRv amyloidosis cases in Israel are attributable to the Ser77Tyr variant. However, other variants also contribute to disease occurrence, and testing is warranted in clinically suspected patients.
Why regulate? Understanding the role of perceived parental emotion regulation in offspring emotional development
Authors: Seely Hayley D. , Mickelson Kristin D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe current study aimed to examine the role of perceived parental emotion regulation in adult–offspring internalizing symptoms, investigating emotional intelligence (EI) as a mediator and gender as a moderator.BackgroundEI is well researched and associated with numerous benefits including academic achievement, physical and mental health, and success throughout life. While some research suggests EI can be taught, the relationship between perceived parent emotionality and offspring EI has yet to be empirically tested.MethodsTo increase participant diversity, two samples were collected and combined: one from a southwestern university and a second through Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Participants (N = 866) reported their EI and internalizing symptoms along with their perception of parents' emotion regulation during childhood.ResultsResults showed a significant relationship between perceived parental emotion regulation and internalizing symptoms that was mediated by EI, with gender serving as a significant moderator.ConclusionBoth maternal and paternal regulation play important roles in offspring EI and internalizing symptoms but perceived maternal emotion regulation may be particularly beneficial for women.ImplicationsFuture research is needed to investigate the intricacies of specific emotions, gender, and culture, as well as the impact of discrepancies in emotionality between parents and frequency of regulation versus dysregulation.
Custody cases involving transgender and gender‐expansive youth: Building toward best practices using interdisciplinary and child‐centered perspectives
Authors: Sloan Stef , Kuvalanka Katherine A. , Johnson Nesta N. , Bellis Cammy , Davis Leah 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere is an increasing number of high‐conflict custody cases involving transgender and gender expansive (TGE) youth within family courts. The current sociopolitical climate, giving rise to an unprecedented amount of anti‐transgender legislation, adds further complexity to decision‐making and creates a contentious and unpredictable climate for TGE youth and affirming parents in family court. Although researchers in health, child development, and well‐being have generated a robust body of evidence supporting the importance of affirming family and community for TGE youth, there remains a disconnect between evidence‐based best practices and actual practice in the family courts. Courts are frequently diverted by the question of whether the child is TGE, or who is “to blame” for the child's TGE identity, rather than seeking to determine which parent is better able to meet the needs of the whole child—including, but not limited to, needs related to the child's gender identity and expression. Contested custody litigation provides an opportunity for family courts to prevent harm and promote the well‐being of TGE youth and families by facilitating access to care, education, and support, which can promote more effective approaches to decision‐making for complex cases involving TGE youth, and better establish post‐separation success for families. This paper proposes a mental map that leverages the body of interdisciplinary research on gender identity development and expression coupled with the use of a child‐centered approach, and provides strategies for applying the mental map, with the goal of improving family court practices for cases involving TGE youth.
Investigations on Fatigue Life of Ball Pin After Laser Shock Peening
Authors: Kaufman Jan , Křivan Miloš , Petrenec Martin , Mrňa Libor , Pathak Sunil , Šmaus Jan , Brajer Jan , Mocek Tomáš 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn the present work, laser shock peening (LSP) was applied on critical areas of ball pins made of 41CrS4 steel to extend their fatigue life. The treatment introduced compressive residual stresses up to a depth of 1 mm with maximum value of −592 MPa on the ball pin surface. This led to a suppression of fretting fatigue in the conical section of the ball pin under lower stress amplitudes and overall fatigue life improvement by a factor of 2.4. After LSP, the crack propagation speed was slowed down to 0.001 μm/cycle down from 0.1 μm/cycle. At high stress amplitudes, the location of the main fatigue crack shifted into a notched part of the ball pin. The combined effect of high stress amplitude and stress concentration changed the elastic strain dominated high cycle fatigue to plastic strain dominated low cycle fatigue where the LSP treatment had no significant impact on the fatigue life.
Chub Mackerel (Scomber colias) Population Dynamics in the Atlantic Iberian Waters: Use of Long‐Term Regional Data for a Data‐Limited Fishery Scomber colias
Authors: Silva Alexandra A. , Silva Andreia V. , Chaves Corina , Carrera Pablo , Ramos Fernando , Teles‐Machado Ana , Garrido Susana , Nunes Cristina , Mildenberger Tobias 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Atlantic chub mackerel (Scomber colias) became an important resource in purse‐seine fisheries of the Iberian Peninsula in the mid‐2000s. Being data‐limited at the stock level, 60 years of landings and 40 years of bottom‐trawl survey data were available for part of the area. A biomass model fitted to landings and survey data performed well under the assumption of homogeneous dynamics across the stock area. During 1993–2020, relative stock biomass was above potential reference points with wave‐like variation and peaks in 1995 and 2008. Credible intervals of relative fishing mortality indicated that exploitation may have been unsustainable since 2012. Chub mackerel productivity increased from the 1980s to the 1990s, possibly due to decreased sardine predation and competition and increased larval growth. The approach we used demonstrated how information from a portion of a stock's distribution area can be utilised for stock assessment, to potentially prevent neglect of stock data or alteration of management units.
Leveraging Data From Defunct Gillnet Fisheries to Understand the Distributional Dynamics of a Rare Pelagic Fish, the Louvar (Luvarus imperialis)
Authors: Arostegui Martin C. , Braun Camrin D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe louvar (Luvarus imperialis) is an exceedingly rare circumtropical fish species with a poorly understood ecology. Catch data from defunct drift gillnet fisheries provide an unparalleled way to quantify the distributional dynamics of this species that, as a gelativore, is almost never taken as bycatch on fish‐ or squid‐baited longlines that dominate modern open ocean fisheries. Here, we present the largest observational dataset assembled for louvar, combining > 30 years of observer presence–absence records from two such fisheries spanning a vast expanse of the pelagic North Pacific. We leverage these data to construct a species distribution model that quantifies the species' environmental preferences, enabling us to confront the knowledge gaps on its core distribution and investigate variability among seasons, years, and alternate phases of climate oscillations. We show that this enigmatic species favors waters with positive sea surface height and shallow mixed layer depth, consistent with high, but seasonally variable, model‐predicted suitable habitat in the North Pacific Transition Zone and California Current. In addition, our results suggest that louvar have experienced slight loss of habitat from 1990 to 2023 in response to large‐scale climate oscillations. This study highlights the value of using a species distribution model framework to synthesize diverse datasets, characterize species–environment relationships, and infer basic spatiotemporal dynamics for rare species that cannot be reliably sampled.
Renal and Peripheral Blood Transcriptome Signatures That Predict Treatment Response in Proliferative Lupus Nephritis—A Prospective Study
Authors: Bulusu Sree Nethra , Bavikatte Anitha Nagaraj , Shah Sanket , Murthy Sneha Surya Narayana , Kommoju Vallayyachari , Mariaselvam Christina Mary , Kavadichanda Chengappa , Vembar Shruthi Sridhar , Thabah Molly Mary , Negi Vir Singh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMechanisms contributing to non‐response to treatment in lupus nephritis (LN) are unclear. We characterised the transcriptome of paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and renal tissues in LN before and after cyclophosphamide (CYC) treatment and identified markers that predicted treatment response. Total RNA isolated from paired PBMCs (n = 32) and renal tissues (n = 25) of 16 proliferative LN before CYC treatment, 6 months post‐treatment, and during renal flare, was sequenced on Illumina Novaseq‐6000 platform. Post‐treatment, eight patients were clinical responders (CR), of whom four flared (FL), and eight were non‐responders (NR). Comparative transcriptomic analyses before and after treatment within CR, NR, and FL groups was performed using DESeq2. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) and ROC analysis was performed to identify and validate hub genes predictive of treatment response. Based on this, we observed that pathways such as degradation of cell cycle proteins, expression of G0 and G1 phase proteins, and apoptosis, were upregulated in CR PBMCs post‐treatment, while IFN‐γ signalling and ECM organisation were downregulated. In NR PBMCs, ECM molecules, neddylation and BCR signalling were upregulated post‐CYC treatment, while in NR renal tissue, TLR, IFN and NF‐κB signalling pathways were upregulated. In FL PBMCs, neutrophil degranulation and ROS and RNS production in phagocytes were downregulated following treatment, whereas, in the corresponding renal tissue, cell‐ECM interactions and ISG15 antiviral mechanism were downregulated. After WGCNA and subsequent ROC analysis, TENM2, NLGN1 and AP005230.1 from PBMCs each predicted NR (AUC‐0.91; p = 0.03), while combined model improved prediction (AUC‐0.94; p = 0.02). AP005230.1 from renal tissue also predicted non‐response (AUC‐0.94; p = 0.01) and AC092436.3 from PBMCs predicted renal flare (AUC‐0.81; p = 0.04). Our study identified significant DEGs/pathways specific to different treatment outcomes and hub genes that predicted non‐response and renal flare.