bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-Type Representation Learning in GNSS: A Novel Approach for Enhanced SPP Positioning through Pseudorange Residuals
Authors: Yu FengZheng , Yuan Hong , Luo RuiDan , Chen Si 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the evolving domain of satellite navigation, accurate Single Point Positioning (SPP) remains a paramount objective. After an in-depth analysis of pseudorange residuals' characteristics, this study unveils a pioneering method by harnessing cross-type representation learning within GNSS, seamlessly integrating the capabilities of natural language processing with conventional navigation methodologies. By innovatively translating diverse conditions into "literal" terms, we re-envision how navigation challenges are addressed. Our introduced C-SPP algorithm significantly surpasses established SPP methods like RTKLIB and NETDIFF, achieving a remarkable accuracy boost of 33.27% and 24.47%, respectively. Moreover, while there's a slight increment in computational time, it's impressively marginal, showcasing our method's balance between precision and efficiency. The research underscores the importance of context adaptability, emphasizing potential efficiency gains from regional applications. With a unique blend of advanced NLP and GNSS positioning methods, our study offers a refreshing lens to view and tackle pseudorange residuals, opening avenues for further research and applications.
Research On Impact Compression Resistance And Explosion Resistance Of Layered Gradient Rubber Concrete In Underground Engineering
Authors: Zhao Zhihong , Zhang Ao , Zeng Chao , Li Feng , Huang LIjie , Mei Yong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In today's world, terrorist bomb attacks and sudden explosion accidents bring serious challenges to underground engineering. Improving the dynamic protection capability of underground engineering is an important social and scientific problem that remains to be solved. Rubber concrete (RC) has an outstanding application prospect in the field of dynamic protection in underground engineering due to its excellent buffering and energy absorption characteristics. Functionally gradient material is a kind of material that can be designed according to the actual situation. This paper combines the concept of functionally gradient material (FGM) with traditional rubber concrete, proposing a new material: layered gradient rubber concrete, and explores the impact compression resistance and anti-explosion performance of specimens with different gradient modes based on Hopkinson pressure bar testing and LS-DYNA (a finite element software). The results show that there is a strain rate effect in layered gradient rubber concrete, and its failure starts at the weakest strength layer. Considering the stress-strain curve, DIF value and toughness index of the specimens, the concave gradient mode can effectively improve the impact compression performance of traditional rubber concrete. Through numerical simulation, the anti-explosion ability of layered gradient rubber concrete was tested. The concave gradient rubber concrete has the best attenuation effect in the face of explosion stress waves. Compared with the homogeneous rubber concrete, the stress attenuation effects on the structure surface X0, X1.5 and X3 of the concave gradient mode were improved by about 15%, 25% and 43%, respectively.
Construction and validation of a competing risk model for specific survival of patients with second primary malignancies after prostate cancer
Authors: Bao Er Hao , Wang Jia Hao , Liu Ying , Yang Lin , Yang Yang , Liu Yang , Wang Jun-ji , Tan ChunLin , Zhu Ping Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
To identify SPM death risk factors in PCa survivors and high-risk PCa patients for SPMs. With improved prostate cancer (PCa) survival, there's a growing need to study second primary malignancies (SPMs) in PCa survivors.
Methods
PCa patients from 2004–2015 in the SEER database were screened for SPM risk. The Fine and Gray competing risk model identified SPM mortality risk factors via univariate and multivariate analyses. A competing risk nomogram predicted 3-, 5-, and 10-year SPM mortality risk, stratifying patients by total scores for risk assessment. Model performance was assessed using the C-index, ROC curve, calibration curve, and AUC.
Results
SPM-diagnosed PCa patients (2004–2015) were split into a 7:3 training (n = 31,435) and validation set (n = 13,472). The nomogram included 12 factors: age, chemotherapy, radiation, Gleason Score, race, grade, marital status, tumor size, surgical site, surgery/radiation sequence, scope, and stage. C-index values were 0.70 (se: 0.001) and 0.684 (se: 0.002) in training and validation, respectively, indicating high discriminative power. The 3-, 5-, and 10-year AUCs in training were 0.75 (95% CI: 0.72–0.77), 0.73 (95% CI: 0.72–0.75), and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.7–0.73), and in validation were 0.7 (95% CI: 0.65–0.74), 0.7 (95% CI: 0.67–0.73), and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.69–0.73), respectively, showing good predictive accuracy. The calibration curve confirmed model fit.
Conclusions
A competing risk model predicts SPM mortality in PCa survivors, aiding high-risk patient identification and guiding survival-oriented treatment and follow-up strategies.
Effects of crocin on the enhancement of in vitro neurogenesis: Involvement of Notch and CREB/BDNF signaling pathways
Authors: Vafaei Shayan , Mirzaie Vida , Baghalishahi Masoumeh , Mousanejad Elahe , Nematollahi-mahani Seyed noureddin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Adult neurogenesis, the process of generating new neuron cells in adult CNS, continues throughout life, despite past perceptions. Unfortunately, this process is insufficient in pathological conditions and needs to be promoted by nutritional and pharmacological stimulants. Crocin, the active component of Saffron, is a carotenoid that affects neurogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Our aim in the present study was to investigate the enhancing effects of crocin on the neurogenesis of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) in the presence of retinoic acid, as well as the molecular pathways involved.
Material and methods: Stemness potential and differentiation capacity of harvested ADSC cells were evaluated. The optimum dose of crocin was assessed with an MTT assay. Crocin, retinoic acid, CREB/BDNF, and Notch inhibitors alone and in combination were added to the cell culture medium. Jag1, Hes1, Notch, and BDNF gene expression were analyzed by q-RTPCR on days 7, 14, and 21, while CREB, DCX, SOX2, and NeuN expression in the different groups were analyzed by Immunofluorescence (IF) method.
Results: Expression of mesenchymal CD markers as well as adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation confirmed the origin and properties of ADSCs. The optimal dose of crocin for in-vitro use was 1mM. Administration of crocin significantly (P<0.05) increased, while administration of inhibitors (DATP & Naphthol) significantly (P<0.05) decreased in Jag1, Hes1, Notch, and BDNF expression. Immunofluorescent assessments showed that expression of DCX, BDNF, NeuN, and Sox2 proteins increased significantly (P<0.05) after crocin administration and decreased significantly (P<0.05) after administration of the inhibitor.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that crocin can be used as an enhancer for neural differentiation of MSCs in-vitro in the presence of retinoic acid. The mechanism is proposed through Notch and CREB/BDNF signaling pathways. Whether these effects can occur in vivo requires more extensive studies.
A mathematical model for predicting post-exercise heart rate recovery
Authors: Kumar Binit , Prabhakar Amit , Chawla Anuj , Singh Surinder Pal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The Heart-Rate recovery following maximal exercise is controlled mainly by interplay of central input, mechanoreceptors, metaboreceptors and baroreflex system. This study presents a mathematical model to explain the recovery pattern following maximal exercise. The equation explains the role and extent of different regulator in heart rate control during the whole recovery period. Our mathematical model of heart rate recovery has a decaying exponential component and a sinusoidal component which is also undergoing exponential decay. Our model shows high degree of reliability and agreement as well as correlation with the real-time decay pattern. The constant ‘α’ represents the resting heart rate and is outcome of interaction between central input, mechanoreceptors and metaboreceptors. The ‘βe-δt’ component of our equation quantifies the role of metaboreceptor during heart rate recovery. Also, it seems to approximate the sympathetic decay during recovery period. The ‘e-φt γ cos(ωt)’ component of our equation quantifies the role of baroreflex system during the recovery period and it appears to approximate the parasympathetic reactivation during recovery. The constant ‘T’ (or ‘ω’) is time period of sinusoidal oscillation happening during the recovery. It quantifies the elasticity of baroreflex system against any deviation from heart rate set-point and it falls in the Ultra-Low Frequency range of Heart Rate Variability.
Sustainable Production of Cyclic Carbonates from CO 2 and Epoxides Using Transition Metal Substituted Polyoxometalate-TBA Hybrid Catalysts
Authors: Jan Rehana , Ghosh Tapan Kumar , Shakeela K. , Shaikh Rafik Rajjak , Rao G. Ranga 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Transition metal substituted polyoxometalates (TMS-POMs) are well recognized for their catalytic characteristics due to their fascinating chemical and physical properties resulting from unparalleled adaptability and structural variety. The interaction of these TMS-POMs with the bulky organic cations enhances the catalytic efficiency with the change in morphology. In this work, we used three hybrid materials of transition metal (Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+) substituted lacunary Keggin polyoxometalate with tetrabutylammonium cations. The formation and structural features of hybrid materials have been studied by powder XRD, TGA, SEM, TEM, FTIR, and 31P NMR. These hybrid catalysts have been used for the atom-economic coupling of carbon dioxide (CO2) with epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates at incredibly mild circumstances, such as room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The method described here allows for the rapid and effective quantitative conversion of several aliphatic, cyclic, and aromatic epoxides to their respective cyclic carbonates in solvent-free conditions. The cobalt substituted hybrid catalyst shows the highest activity and selectivity with a minimum quantity of 0.12 mol% adequate to provide 85% conversion in 3 h at room temperature. The catalyst is recovered and reused up to four cycles without a drastic loss in activity, hence providing long-term solutions for climate change and environmental concerns.
Awareness of Syrian Youth in Damascus of the Necessity of Conducting a Hemolytic Anemia Test Before Marriage
Authors: Bakleh Mahmoud , Shoikany Mohammad , Sulaiman Siham 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: The premarital examination aims to provide medical advice about the possibilities of transmission of the aforementioned diseases to the husband or other children and to provide couples with options that help them plan for a healthy family. This examination will avoid any social and psychological problems for families in the future and help them feel comfortable as the premarital examination raises awareness about a healthy and proper marriage. Premarital examinations also include testing for syphilis, gonorrhea and other sexually transmitted diseases, and blood group, resuscitation factor, semen analysis, FSH, prolactin, testosterone, and estrogen hormones.
Methods and materials: The samples were collected in the capital, Damascus, and since the questionnaires will be distributed randomly to those in Damascus, the method for selecting samples is convenience sampling. Taking into account the margin of error of 5% ± margin of error and the confidence interval of 95%.
Results: The sample included 1224, where the percentage of males in the study was 42.5%, the percentage of females was 57.5%, the percentage of participants whose ages ranged from 18 to 25 years was 67.8%, the percentage of bachelors was 75.1%, the percentage of engaged people was 24.9%, the percentage of university graduates was 76.6%, and the percentage of those who agreed to undergo a medical examination before marriage 78.8%, and the percentage of participants' knowledge that medical examination before marriage reduces genetic diseases, 72.8%.
Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between sex and patients' acceptance of a premarital medical examination, and there is a statistically significant relationship between sex and the contribution of premarital medical examination in reducing genetic diseases, and there is a statistically significant relationship between age and patients' acceptance of a premarital medical examination, and there is a statistically significant relationship There is a statistically significant relationship between the educational level and the contribution of medical examination in reducing genetic diseases
Association between retinal arteriolar branching geometry and risk of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Chen Qi , Bulloch Gabriella , He Mingguang , Shi Danli , Wang Ruobing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with an increasing fatality rate and population burden. Previously, retinal vascular parameters have been linked to AD, suggesting assessment of retinal vascular parameters may offer a new target for screening patients at risk of AD.
Aim
To investigate the association between retinal arteriolar branching geometry and risk for Alzheimer’s disease.
Design and Setting:
Retrospective analysis of cohort study.
Methods
Participants of the UK Biobank with gradable fundoscopy images and free of AD at baseline were included for analyses. Retina-based Microvascular Health Assessment System (RMHAS) was applied to retinal images to segment arterioles and quantify retinal arteriolar branching parameters (angular asymmetry, AA, and branching coefficient, BC). Cox proportional hazards regression models investigated the associations between retinal arteriolar branching parameters as continuous and categorical variables in quantiles and incident AD.
Results
We included a total of 29,483 participants. 83(0.28%) participants developed AD during a median of 10.98 years. When modeled as continuous variables, angular asymmetry, and branching coefficient were significantly associated with Alzheimer’s disease (HR = 5.05, 95% CI = 1.82–14.1, P = 0.002; HR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.02–0.75, P = 0.022, respectively). Such associations were also valid when BC and AA were analyzed as categorical variables (smallest quartile vs biggest three quartiles; HR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.47–6.02, P = 0.002; HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.23–0.83; P = 0.012). Increased retinal arteriolar angular asymmetry and decreased branching coefficient conferred a long-term risk of AD.
Conclusions
This study found a significant association between retinal arteriolar branching geometry and the risk of AD, suggesting its potential value as a biomarker for AD.
Self-regulation, cognitive flexibility, and resilience among students: A mediating analysis
Authors: Nakhostin-Khayyat Mohammad , Borjali Mahmoud , Zeinali Maryam , Fardi Deniz , Montazeri Ali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-regulation in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and resilience among students.
Method
This was a cross sectional study on a random sample of students from Tehran and Karaj universities (two metropolitans in Iran) during 2022 and 2023 academic year. Data collection instruments included the Bouffard's Self-Regulation Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RSC). The data were analyzed by performing the structural equation modeling using SPSS and AMOS software, to examine the relationships among variables.
Results
In all 302 students participated in the study. The mean age of students was 25.8 (SD = 4.05) years. The findings indicated that cognitive flexibility could account for 27% of the variance in self-regulation and 48% of the variance in resilience. Self-regulation, in turn, explained 21% of the variance in resilience. The goodness of fit indices validated the proposed model. Furthermore, structural equation analysis revealed the significance of the final model's direct path coefficients, underscoring the mediating role of self-regulation between cognitive flexibility and resilience among students.
Conclusion
The findings indicated that a pivotal interrelationship among self-regulation, cognitive flexibility, and resilience in students. The significant positive relationship among these constructs underscores the importance of fostering self-regulatory practices and cognitive flexibility in educational settings.
Nurses’ thoughts on the metaverse and future time perspectives: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ergin Eda , Yalcinkaya Turgay , Yucel Sebnem Cinar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The metaverse is a new and developing technology in the field of healthcare. The future perception explains time as a physical phenomenon rather than a physical one. This study aims to determine nurses' thoughts and future perceptions of the metaverse.
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive design was used in a hospital in Turkey with working nurses from September to November 2023. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 357 nurses who were chosen using the convenience sampling method. The Personal Identification Form, Metaverse Scale (MS) and Future Time Perspective Scale (FTPS) were used to collect data. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows 25.0 programme was used to analyse the data.
Results
The findings revealed that 81.6% of nurses believed that they could provide patient education using the metaverse in the future, whereas 46% believed that they could do virtual nursing. The nurses received an average FTPS and MS score of 3.45 (SD = 0.37) and 3.74 (SD = 0.56), respectively. Future time perception and metaverse knowledge, attitude and awareness were found to have a weak, positive relationship (r = 0.157, p = 0.002). A weak, positive relationship was also found between internet use duration and MS (r = 0.169, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
Our research emphasises the significance of the metaverse and future time perception. Our findings can help in the development new metaverse platforms for nurses, as well as nursing academics, hospital administrators and technology companies.
One-to-many pattern comparison combining fully-connected autoencoder with spatial transformer for ornament investigation
Authors: Chaki Sayan , Steinlin Simon , Emonet Remi , Fournel Thierry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Comparing a query image to some representative of a set of unaligned imagesfrom a class is a cornerstone task for the investigation of ancient ornaments. Whileconvolutional autoencoders provide a level of invariance to translation, they canonly handle a limited range of transformations and often incur blurriness. Wepropose to increase the invariance to linear transformations and standard fluctuationsby using a spatial transformer, then increase reproduction sharpness byusing a fully-connected autoencoder. We evaluate our approach on challengingancient ornament images with synthetic abnormal distortions. This approach significantlyimproves the accuracy of change localization. This information makesit possible to precisely highlight signed changes in image comparators, helpingdomain experts for more efficient analysis of ornaments.
Internet use, spatial variation and its determinants among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: Evidence from edhs 2016. A spatial and multilevel mixed-effect analysis
Authors: Meshesha Nega Abebe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The Internet is the preferred source of health information for retrieving relevant information. In Ethiopia, the Internet penetration rate is improving year to year, but it is still at a low level compared to the rest of the world and neighboring African countries. Due to a lack of adequate information, it is important to assess Internet use, spatial variation, and determinants of Internet use among reproductive-age group women in Ethiopia.
Method
Secondary data from EDHS 2016 were used to analyze 15,683 women aged 15–49 years. Spatial analysis was performed using ArcGIS 10.7. The Bernoulli model was used by applying Kuldorff’s methods using SaTScan 10.1.2 software to analyze the purely spatial clusters of Internet use. A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression was applied to estimate community variance to identify individual- and community-level factors associated with Internet use. All models were fitted in STATA version 17.0, and finally, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported.
Result
The magnitude of Internet use was 4.97% ± 95% CI (4.63–5.32). The overall average age of women was 24.21 ± 8.06 years, with the age range 15–24 years constituting the larger group (39.2%). Women with secondary and above education [AOR = 6.47; 95% CI (5.04, 8.31)], unmarried [AOR = 2.60; 95% CI (1.89, 3.56)], rich [AOR = 1.95; 95% CI (1.00, 3.80)], own a mobile phone [AOR = 3.74; 95% CI (2.75, 5.09)], media exposure [AOR = 2.63; 95% CI (2.03, 3.42)], and urban [AOR = 1.80; 95% CI (1.08, 3.01)] had higher odds of Internet use. The spatial variation in Internet use was found to be nonrandom (global Moran’s I = 0.58, p value < 0.001). Fifty-seven primary clusters were identified that were located in Addis Ababa city with a relative likelihood of 10.24 and a log-likelihood ratio of 425.16.
Conclusions
Internet use among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia is 4.97 and has significant spatial variation across the country. Both community- and individual-level factors affect Internet use in Ethiopia. Therefore, educating women, improving access to media, encouraging women to use family planning, and supporting household wealth could improve women’s Internet use.