bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a Sustainable Circular Economy: Algae‐Based Bioplastics and the Role of Internet‐of‐Things and Machine Learning
Authors: Bin Abu Sofian Abu Danish Aiman , Lim Hooi Ren , Manickam Sivakumar , Ang Wei Lun , Show Pau Loke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe growing potential of sustainable materials such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), polylactic acid (PLA), alginate, carrageenan, and ulvan for bioplastics production presents an opportunity to promote a sustainable circular economy. This review investigates their properties, applications, and challenges. Bioplastics derived from algae offer an environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum‐based plastics, a shift of paramount importance to society due to the escalating environmental concerns associated with traditional plastics. The role of the internet‐of‐things (IoT) and machine learning in refining these bioplastics' production and development processes is emphasized. IoT monitors cultivation conditions, data collection, and process control for more sustainable production. Machine learning can enhance algae cultivation, increasing the supply of raw materials for algal bioplastics and improving their efficiency and output. The study results indicate the promise of algae‐based bioplastics, IoT, and machine learning in fostering a more environmentally sustainable future. By harnessing these advanced technologies, optimization of bioplastic production is possible, potentially revolutionizing the materials industry and addressing existing challenges toward achieving a sustainable circular economy.
Functionalised [Ge9Ni] Clusters as Homogeneous Single‐Site Catalysts for Olefin Isomerisation Reactions
Authors: Willeit Nicole S. , Klein Wilhelm , Coburger Peter , Fritz‐Langhals Elke , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSingle‐site catalysis is an increasingly vital strategy to optimise heterogeneous catalytic reactions. In an ideal case, the nature and the population of catalytically active sites are all identical, which is impossible to realise on a solid support. The idea of single site catalysts is transferred from heterogeneous to homogeneous catalysis by the incorporation of a transition metal with oxidation state 0 in the surface of a small, soluble, molecular, homoatomic germanium atom cluster that also comprises main group atoms with oxidation state close to zero. An optimised synthetic protocol for four cluster compounds Hyp3Et[Ge9Ni]PR3 (R=Ph, ptolyl, iPr, Me) is presented, in which the transition metal is embedded in Ge atoms of a polyhedral cluster. The products were characterised by NMR spectroscopy, LIFDI/MS and elemental analysis and also structurally characterised for R=iPr and Me by single crystal X‐ray structure determination comprising a closo‐[Ge9Ni] core. The catalytic potential is investigated for various olefin isomerisation reactions. The formation of an active metal site is realized by ligand dissociation, which is observed for PPh3. DFT calculations of Hyp3Et[Ge9Ni]PR3 (R=Ph, iPr, Me), Hyp3Et[Ge9Ni](tolyl) and Hyp3Et[Ge9Ni](C6H12) show that ligand exchange with substrate molecules occurs during the catalytic reaction. Since the same principle, namely a bare metal atom site at the cluster surface, applies as in single‐site heterogeneous catalysis and since in contrast to classical homogeneous catalysis the metal atom is embedded in a cluster surface, the abbreviation SSHoC for Single Site Homogeneous Catalyst is proposed for this catalyst type. Since each metal atom is catalytically active, SSHoC enable a considerable increase in efficiency of catalysts and thus allow for sustainable use of expensive and less abundant transition metals.
Unprecedented Selective Synthesis of Imines by Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling of Primary Amines under N2O Atmosphere**
Authors: Delaunay Oriane , Denicourt‐Nowicki Audrey , Roucoux Alain 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn a climate change context, N2O contributes to global warming with CO2 and CH4. As an inert molecule, its upgrading as oxidant still constitutes a challenge in chemical synthesis. Here, the synthesis of imines was unprecedently performed using nitrous oxide (N2O) as a novel and highly selective oxidative agent for the photocatalytic homo‐coupling of amines. In a similar way, unsymmetric imines were produced through cross‐coupling of amines with alcohols. Promisingly, this greenhouse gas showed excellent performances towards the target reactions when photocatalytically activated at atmospheric pressure, with silver photodeposited on titanium dioxide as catalyst. Relevantly, reactions under N2O atmosphere exhibited high conversion rates and turn‐over frequencies, and higher selectivities than the ones carried out under a dioxygen atmosphere. Mechanisms for both reactions were detailed, showing the release of nitrogen and water as benign by‐products.
Rebound or Cage Escape? The Role of the Rebound Barrier for the Reactivity of Non‐Heme High‐Valent FeIV=O Species
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Ansari Azaj , Comba Peter , Rajaraman Gopalan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOwing to their high reactivity and selectivity, variations in the spin ground state and a range of possible pathways, high‐valent FeIV=O species are popular models with potential bioinspired applications. An interesting example of a structure–reactivity pattern is the detailed study with five nonheme amine‐pyridine pentadentate ligand FeIV=O species, including N4py: [(L1)FeIV=O]2+ (1), bntpen: [(L2)FeIV=O]2+ (2), py2tacn: [(L3)FeIV=O]2+ (3), and two isomeric bispidine derivatives: [(L4)FeIV=O]2+ (4) and [(L5)FeIV=O]2+ (5). In this set, the order of increasing reactivity in the hydroxylation of cyclohexane differs from that with cyclohexadiene as substrate. A comprehensive DFT, ab initio CASSCF/NEVPT2 and DLPNO‐CCSD(T) study is presented to untangle the observed patterns. These are well reproduced when both activation barriers for the C−H abstraction and the OH rebound are taken into account. An MO, NBO and deformation energy analysis reveals the importance of π(pyr) → π*xz(FeIII‐OH) electron donation for weakening the FeIII‐OH bond and thus reducing the rebound barrier. This requires that pyridine rings are oriented perpendicularly to the FeIII‐OH bond and this is a subtle but crucial point in ligand design for non‐heme iron alkane hydroxylation.
A fault detection method based on sparse dynamic canonical correlation analysis
Authors: Hu Xuguang , Wu Ping , Pan Haipeng , He Yuchen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFault detection based on canonical correlation analysis (CCA) has received increased attention due to its efficiency in exploring the relationship between input and output. However, traditional CCA may generate redundant features in both the input and output projections while maximizing the correlations. In this paper, sparse dynamic canonical correlation analysis (SDCCA) is developed for dealing with the fault detection of dynamic processes. Through posing sparsity in the extraction of features, the interpretability of canonical variates is enhanced attributed to the sparsity of canonical weights. Based on the SDCCA model, the monitoring metric is established for fault detection. Moreover, the upper control limit (UCL) based on monitoring metrics is determined by the kernel density estimation (KDE) method to avoid the violation of the Gaussian assumption. The superiority of the proposed SDCCA‐based fault detection method is illustrated through a comparative study of the Tennessee Eastman process benchmark.
Two‐Membrane Dual Non‐Aqueous/Aqueous Electrolyte Flow Cell Operation for Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 to Methyl Formate
Authors: Gautam Manu , Nkurunziza Francois , Mulvehill Matthew C. , Uttarwar Sandesh S. , Hofsommer Dillon T. , Grapperhaus Craig A. , Spurgeon Joshua M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecently, tandem cathodic reactions have been demonstrated in non‐aqueous solvents to couple CO2 reduction to a secondary reaction to create novel species that are not produced in aqueous CO2 electrolysis. One reaction that can be performed with high selectivity and durability is the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to formic acid and in‐situ esterification with methanol to produce methyl formate. However, the translation to a high‐performance flow electrolyzer is far from trivial, as the non‐aqueous catholyte leads to reactor challenges including flooding the gas diffusion electrode. Here, a two‐membrane flow electrolyzer with both anion and cation exchange membranes was used with flowing methanol catholyte and aqueous anolyte. This design prevented methanol from flooding the cathode, which was a pervasive limiting issue for electrolyzers with a single membrane. Methyl formate production at 42.9 % faradaic efficiency was achieved with pure methanol in a flow electrolyzer with stable performance beyond 80 min. However, low‐water‐content catholyte compositions also led to increased cell resistance and lower operating current densities. Thus, with the present ionomer materials there is a tradeoff between methyl formate selectivity and current density depending on water concentration, highlighting a need for new ionomers tailored for desirable non‐aqueous solvents such as methanol.
Metal‐Free Arylation of Pyridine/Quinoline N‐Oxides with Indoles
Authors: Tsunokawa Ryo , Karuo Yukiko , Tarui Atsushi , Sato Kazuyuki , Hosoya Takaaki , Agou Tomohiro , Kawai Kentaro , Omote Masaaki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe achieved metal‐free pyridine arylations via O‐triflated pyridine N‐oxides and N‐alkylated indoles. The reactions proceeded through reactive intermediates, obtained upon treatment of pyridine N‐oxides with Tf2O, which were sufficiently activated for preferentially installing various indoles at the nitrogen‐adjacent positions of pyridine. This protocol features mild conditions, short reaction times, and ease of handling under stirring and air at room temperature. Furthermore, no transition metal is required, which renders our procedure an environmentally benign approach to pyridine arylation.
Ultrasound‐modified whey protein‐enriched instant noodles: Enhancement in functional, rheological, cooking, and structural attributes
Authors: Khatkar Anju Boora , Kaur Amarjeet , Dhull Sanju Bala , Khatkar Sunil Kumar , Mehta Nitin , Kaur Jaspreet , Goksen Gulden 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInstant noodles enriched with ultrasound‐modified whey protein (WP) were characterized for physical, technological, rheological, cooking, thermal, in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD), morphological, and sensory attributes to access the compatibility of ultrasound for actual food matrix. Semolina with sonicated WP (SWP) showed significantly (p < .05) higher water absorption capacity (1.586 g/g) than semolina with raw WP (1.512 g/g). Semolina with SWP also showed a significantly higher water solubility index, oil binding, and firmer gel, even at 5% concentration. The addition of SWP positively impacted pasting properties and improved dough handling, as also supported by the constantly increasing storage (G′) and loss (G″) modulus. SWP significantly decreased the cooking loss (7.48%) and considerably increased cooking weight (13.80%), water uptake ratio (14.35%), noodle diameter, expansion (4.47%), hardness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness of instant noodles. Thus, the instant noodles containing SWP imparted high resistance to tear and wear to noodle strands. The improved thermal, IVPD (90.46%), and acceptability with excellent structural (morphology) integrity authenticate SWP as a quality protein source for enrichment.
Overcoming the constraints of competitive clientelism? Explaining the success of Ghana's poorest region in reducing maternal mortality
Authors: Abdulai Abdul‐Gafaru 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMaternal mortality remains a health challenge that many developing countries struggle to address. Drawing on 64 key informant interviews, this article shows how Ghana's most impoverished administrative region, the Upper East, emerged as a bureaucratic ‘pocket of effectiveness’ in reducing maternal mortality in a context where national political settlement dynamics are undermining progress in improving maternal health. At the national level, Ghana's progress in reducing maternal mortality has been disappointing because public investments are disproportionately directed to reforms that contribute to the short‐term political survival of ruling elites. Competitive electoral pressures have contributed to greater elite commitment towards health sector investments with visual impact, while weakening elite incentives for dedicating resources to interventions that are necessary for enhancing the quality of health. The relatively better performance of the Upper East Region in reducing maternal mortality has been driven by a hybrid form of accountability that combines top‐down pressures from the regional health directorate with horizontal forms of accountability that result in a competitive spirit among health workers. These findings show that even in contexts where resources are limited, the capacity of sub‐national leaders in devising local solutions to local problems can lead to improved performance of health systems at the sub‐national level. The findings also suggest the need for academic debates to go beyond the binary distinctions regarding the usefulness of top‐down versus bottom‐up accountability measures and focus on building effective and legitimate forms of accountability that run both top‐down and bottom‐up when seeking to improve health service delivery.
The ameliorative effects of cannabidiol on methotrexate‐induced neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial stress
Authors: Unlu Melike D. , Asci Halil , Yusuf Tepebasi M. , Arlioglu Melih , Huseynov Ibrahim , Ozmen Ozlem , Sezer Serdar , Demirci Serpil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) is an antineoplastic agent and has neurotoxic effects. It exerts its toxic effect on the brain by triggering inflammation and apoptosis. Cannabidiol (CBD) is an agent known for its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory effects in various tissues. The aim of this study is to examine the protective effects of CBD treatment in various brain structures from MTX damage and to evaluate the effect of intracellular pathways involved in apoptosis. Thirty‐two adult Wistar Albino female rats were divided into four groups as control, MTX (20 mg/kg intraperitoneally [i.p.]), MTX + CBD (0.1 mL of 5 mg/kg i.p.), and CBD (for 7 days, i.p.). At the end of the experiment, brain tissues collected for biochemical analyses as total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status, oxidative stress index (OSI), histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), serotonin, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) staining, genetic analyses as caspase‐9 (Cas‐9), caspase‐12 (Cas‐12), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and cytochrome‐c (Cyt‐c) gene expressions. In the histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation, hyperemia, microhemorrhage, neuronal loss, and significant decreasing expressions of seratonin were observed in the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum regions in the MTX group. mTOR, TNF‐α, Cas‐9, Cas‐12, CHOP, and Cyt‐c expressions with TOS and OSI levels were increased in the cortex. It was observed that these findings were reversed after CBD application in all regions. MTX triggers neuronal apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial stress while destroying serotonergic neurons. The reversal of the pathological changes with CBD treatment proves that it has anti‐inflammatory and antiapoptotic activity in brain.
IL7RA rs10491434 polymorphism is related to spontaneous HIV infection control in naïve HIV‐infected patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Sepúlveda‐Crespo Daniel , Jiménez‐Sousa María A. , Fernández‐Rodíguez Amanda , Muñoz‐Fernández María A. , Jiménez José L. , Caraciolo Begoña B. , Reus Bañuls Sergio , Vilchez Helem , Mothe Beatriz , Martínez Isidoro , Benito José M. , Rallón Norma , Resino Salvador 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInterleukin 7 receptor (IL7R) is vital in the adaptive immune response against human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). We assessed IL7RA polymorphisms (SNPs) in antiretroviral therapy (ART)‐naïve HIV patients for their association with spontaneous HIV infection control. We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 667 ART‐naïve patients categorized by HIV progression (ordinal variable): 150 rapid progressors, 334 moderate/typical progressors, 86 long‐term nonprogressors elite controllers (LTNPs‐EC), and 97 LTNPs‐non‐EC. We genotyped three IL7RA SNPs using Agena Bioscience's MassARRAY platform. The association between IL7RA SNPs and spontaneous HIV infection control was evaluated using ordinal logistic regression. Individuals carrying the rs10491434 G allele have a higher likelihood of spontaneous HIV infection control (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.33; p = 0.023). Moreover, the IL7RA GCT haplotype, consisting of three specific SNPs (rs6897932, rs987106, and rs10491434), demonstrated an association with the control of untreated HIV infection (aOR = 1.34; p = 0.050). Remarkably, the rs10491434 SNP and the IL7RA GCT haplotype exhibited similar aOR values, suggesting that rs10491434 may be primarily responsible for the observed effect of the haplotype. IL7RA rs10491434 G allele is associated with a higher likelihood of spontaneous HIV infection control, indicating its significant role in the pathogenesis of HIV, possibly influencing infection course and viral replication control.
Paradigm Change for Intraoperative Surgical Margin Assessment for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tessler Idit , Marilena Vered , Alon Eran E. , Gecel Nir A. , Remer Eric , Gluck Iris , Yoffe Tal , Dobriyan Alex 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveAchieving clear surgical margins is one of the primary surgical goals in treating oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and thus aiming to improve overall and disease‐specific survival. Therefore, we developed the Goal‐Oriented Assessment for Intraoperative Margin (‘GAIM’) protocol, a novel intraoperative approach for margin assessment, and present here our 5‐year experience and outcomes.Methods‘GAIM’ is a 7‐step procedure comprising systematic ruler‐aided resection of labeled tumor‐bed margins, frozen section (FS) co‐produced by both pathologists and operating surgeons, and immediate extension of resection according to FS findings. Data from all patients operated using the ‘GAIM’ protocol at a single tertiary center between 2018 to 2022 were analyzed, including margin status on FS and final pathology (FP) records, recurrence, and mortality.ResultsA total of 196 patients were included, 56.6% (n = 111) stages I‐II, and 43.4% (n = 85) stages III‐IV. Using the ‘GAIM’ protocol, we achieved an overall 94.4% of clean and revised clean surgical margins. Patients with a 2‐year and longer follow‐up (n = 141) had local recurrence in 3.5% when both FS and final margins were clean, 8.1% when FP margins were clean, and 16.7% with close/positive final margins.ConclusionsThe proposed ‘GAIM’ protocol is a novel, effective, reproducible, and safe approach for margin evaluation that can be systematically applied. It can increase the rate of final clean surgical margins and potentially improve patients' outcomes.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:1725–1732, 2024
4DCT in Discordant Parathyroid Adenoma Scans: Case Series and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Warshavsky Anton , Rubin Raz , Carmel‐Neidermann Narin Nard , Brenner Adi , Shendler Genady , Kampel Liyona , Izkhakov Elena , Muhanna Nidal , Horowitz Gilad 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of four‐dimensional computerized‐tomography (4DCT) for localizing parathyroid adenomas (PTAs) in cases with discordant or non‐localizing ultrasonography (US) and Technetium‐99 sestamibi (MIBI) scans.Data SourcesRetrospective case series and systematic review.Review MethodsA case series and meta‐analysis of patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism and discordant US and MIBI scans who underwent 4DCT prior to surgery. A comprehensive search for all relevant publications in the English literature between December 2006 and March 2022 was conducted for the meta‐analysis. Patients undergoing parathyroidectomy between January 2015 and December 2021 were identified from the institutional electronic database for the case series. All studies were analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the 4DCT adenoma localization capabilities.ResultsThirteen retrospective studies that included 379 patients and one case series that included 37 patients were identified and analyzed. A per‐patient analysis revealed sensitivity for lateralization to the correct side (n = 181) ranging from 80% to 100% with a fixed effects model of 89% (95%confidence interval [CI]: 82%–93%) and a PPV for lateralization ranging from 63%–95% with a random effects model of 87% (95% CI: 77%–95%). Sensitivity of localization to the correct quadrant (n = 172) ranged from 53% to 100% with a random effects model of 90.4% (95% CI: 76%–99%), and the PPV for localization ranged from 52% to 100% with a random effects model of 82% (95% CI: 73%–89%).Conclusion4DCT enhances imaging capabilities of localizing PTAs in cases of discordant or non‐localizing US and MIBI scans.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:2198–2205, 2024
HOTFLOOR: A benthic chamber system to simulate warming on the seafloor
Authors: Göbeler Norman , Kauppi Laura , Gottberg Robin , Lundberg Göran , Norkko Alf , Norkko Joanna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe frequency of abnormally warm water events is increasing not only in surface waters, but also in subsurface layers, with major impacts on benthic ecosystems. Previous insights on heatwave effects have been obtained through field observations or manipulative laboratory experiments. Here, we introduce a system capable of inducing elevated water temperatures in benthic habitats in situ over several days. The system consists of a commercially available electric boiler, usually applied in domestic underfloor heating, and custom‐designed benthic acrylic glass chambers connected to individual thermostats. Furthermore, the chambers are semi‐open, allowing constant water exchange, maintaining otherwise near‐natural conditions, including oxygen concentrations, while the temperature is elevated. The water exchange can be stopped to facilitate incubations measuring changes in benthic fluxes. We conducted a 15‐d trial study in July 2021 on a bare‐sediment habitat at 2.5 m depth, exposing five chambers to water temperatures 5°C above ambient temperatures for 6 d and comparing with five control chambers. In this assessment, we demonstrate that the temperature control and stability were reliable while maintaining natural oxygen conditions. The modular character of the system permits adaptations for various benthic habitats, facilitating the investigation of elevated temperatures in situ for future climate change scenarios.