bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(389) Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism and Hematoma Following Placement of Inflatable Penile Prosthetic: Safety of Perioperative Subcutaneous Heparin
Authors: Good J , Pereira TA , Crist N , Saldivar R , Bernie HL 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Patients undergoing inflatable penile prosthetic (IPP) surgery are generally at a higher risk for cardiovascular (CV) complications such as venous thromboembolism (VTE) following surgery, due to pre-existing comorbidities, such as age, obesity, smoking status, and vascular disease, which are associated with erectile dysfunction (ED). The use of perioperative subcutaneous heparin (SqH) along with a surgical drain was shown to be effective in preventing VTE in IPP patients, without increasing hematoma formation. Not all prosthetic surgeons utilize surgical drains postoperatively and this is an unaddressed area of perioperative IPP surgical management. The American Urologic Association (AUA) and European Association of Urology (EAU) perioperative VTE guidelines do not address VTE risk with IPP surgery.

Objective
In this study we aim to assess the safety and efficacy of perioperative SqH in preventing VTE in IPP patients without the use of a surgical drain.

Methods
This was a retrospective review from January 2021-July 2023 of patients who underwent IPP placement or revision and replacement at a single institution. Patient demographics, comorbidities, Caprini risk factor scores, VTE risk factors, hematoma incidence, and 90-day post-operative complications were reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed comparing these variables in men who received SqH and those who did not.

Results
We reviewed data for 240 patients. Of the 240, 53% (n=127) received perioperative SqH. The incidence of VTE was 0.9% (1/113) in the non-SqH group, no VTE was recorded in the group receiving heparin. There was no statistical difference in hematoma formation between groups (SqH 5.5% vs. non-SqH 6.2% p=.898). Hypertension prevalence was found to be higher in the SqH group (p=.045). There was no statistical significance between other comorbidities including diabetes (p=.343), average BMI (p=.078), vascular disease (p=.155), immunosuppressed status (p=.604), smoker status (p=.530), history of malignancy (p=.513), COPD (p=.084), MI (p=.820), CVA/TIA (p=.158), hyperlipidemia (p=.157), and heart failure (p=.244). Average operative time was found to be slightly higher in the non-SqH group (SqH 78.1 minutes vs. non-SqH 85.9 minutes p=.032). Caprini risk factor scores were similar (SqH 6.79 vs. non-SqH 6.82 p=.474) between groups. 94% of the patients in this study were considered high risk for VTE (≥5 Caprini Risk factor score).

Conclusions
Perioperative SqH use without placement of a surgical drain was found to be safe and effective in preventing VTE in patients undergoing IPP surgery. There was no increased risk of hematoma formation or post-operative complications between the groups. Perioperative SqH should be considered in all patients undergoing IPP surgery.

Disclosure
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(399) Reducing Out-of-Pocket Expenses for Peyronie’s Disease Therapy with a Novel Penile Traction Device
Authors: Dori L , Sura A , Panagis G , Welliver R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Penile traction therapy (PTT) has gained popularity as a nonsurgical approach to penile lengthening and curvature correction in those with Peyronie's disease (PD). PD is an acquired fibrotic plaque that develops within the tunica albuginea and causes penile curvature, which can have significant physical and mental health consequences. Due to the sensitive nature of this disease presentation and the large number of unidentified or misdiagnosed people, current prevalence estimations in the US are around 11%. PD therapies aim to correct penile curvature while also addressing erectile dysfunction and pain. Common PD therapies include oral medications, intralesional penile injections, surgery, and stretching techniques. When deciding which therapies to pursue, disease severity, costs, compliance, and patient access to facilities and trained providers must be considered. Of these therapies, PTT with a penile traction device (PTD), although uncovered by insurance, has proven to be one of the most cost-effective PD treatments. While an effective treatment in some men, PTDs cost hundreds of dollars out-of-pocket.

Objective
Our project aims to address the financial and practicality concerns of penile traction therapy by creating an affordable and comfortable PTD.

Methods
Our PTD offers precise, dial-adjustable tensioning and penile holding systems with contoured penile holding plates lined with silicone cushions for improved grip and comfort. Our PTD is 3D-printed using polylactic acid (PLA) and medical-grade silicone. To assess our efforts in improving comfort, we measured holding capacity under tension at increasing amounts of penile clamping. We compared our silicone-lined clamp to an all-plastic clamp: this test served as a surrogate for comfort. By improving its grip on the penis, patients can secure their penis with minimal clamping force, thereby improving comfort.

Results
Our literature search revealed that the average cost for PTDs recommended by urologists for patients with PD was approximately $883. Our PTD currently costs $6.38 to manufacture and assemble. We found a statistically significant (p=0.000276) increase in the tension-holding capacity of the silicone-lined clamp compared to that of the all-plastic clamp. This demonstrates that our silicone-lined clamp may exert less clamping force on the penis, thereby providing patients with the same stretching and a more comfortable grip.

Conclusions
Future directions include exploring urologists' perception of PTT for PD and their PTD recommendation patterns, refining our current PTD model, and clinically testing our device compared to those currently available.

Disclosure
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Saffron-cowled Blackbirds’ reduced nest success in Argentina’s agricultural land highlights the importance of non-agricultural habitat for its conservation
Authors: Pucheta Florencia M , Pereda Inés M , Di Giacomo Adrián S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Saffron-cowled Blackbird (Xanthopsar flavus) is a globally endangered icterid endemic to the southern South American grasslands. Temperate grasslands are among the most threatened ecosystems in South America due to their high rate of land use change. In northeastern Argentina, over the last century, the conversion of natural grasslands to livestock farming, croplands, and afforestation has resulted in significant losses of breeding habitat for the Saffron-cowled Blackbird. Consequently, it has suffered severe populational declines, and its remaining populations are fragmented. In order to understand the impact of agricultural systems on the Saffron-cowled Blackbird populations, we studied its breeding biology (clutch size, hatching success, nestling production, and fledgling success) and the main parameters that influence nest survival rate in five breeding habitat types. During the breeding seasons of 2015 to 2019, we located nests and monitored their fate. We found that the cumulative probability of nest survival over the entire nesting cycle (i.e. laying, incubation, and chick rearing) was 0.06, and was lower for nests situated in grazed land covers. Conversely, nest survival was greater in breeding sites without agricultural use, particularly in marshes. Predation was the main cause of nest failure (76%), followed by brood parasitism (10%), and trampling by cattle and agricultural machinery (6%). Brood parasitism rates were higher in grazed paddocks, contributing together with predation to the failure of nests in this habitat. Our findings indicate a negative impact of livestock ranching on Saffron-cowled Blackbird reproduction. Non-agriculture habitats, such as wetlands and flooded areas, are important as refuges for nesting. Thus, the creation of breeding refuges (non-productive sites) within agricultural matrices, in association with biodiversity-friendly agricultural practices, is crucial to ensure the Saffron-cowled Blackbird’s maintenance.
Sigmoidal relationship between liver fat content and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese adults
Authors: Yu Pingping , Yang Huachao , Li Hu , Mei Ying , Wu Yuanyuan , Cheng Hongfeng , Su Huiru , Deng Yueling , Jiang Tao , He Zhongxiang , Hu Peng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To explore the relationship between liver fat content (LFC) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and determine the new threshold of LFC to diagnose NAFLD.

Methods
The data from questionnaire survey, general physical examination, laboratory examination, and image examination were collected. Multivariate regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, smooth curve fitting, and threshold effect analysis were performed using the R software to investigate the relationship between LFC and NAFLD and to identify the new threshold of LFC to diagnose NAFLD.

Results
The prevalence of NAFLD was 30.42%, with a significantly higher prevalence in men than in women. Regression analyses demonstrated that LFC odds ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)] was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.24–1.31) in fully-adjust model. Analysis of the LFC quartile, with Q1 as a reference, revealed that the odds ratios of NAFLD were 1.47 (95% CI: 1.08–1.99), 2.29 (95% CI: 1.72–3.06), and 10.02 (95% CI: 7.45–13.47) for Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups, respectively. Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis displayed a nonlinear relationship between LFC and NAFLD, and the threshold was 4.5%. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that when LFC was 4.5%, the area under curve (95% CI) was 0.80 (0.79–0.82), and the sensitivity and specificity of LFC in diagnosing NAFLD were 0.64% and 0.82%, respectively.

Conclusion
The relationship between LFC and NAFLD was sigmoidal, with an inflection point of 4.5%.
The evaluation of cEEGrids for fatigue detection in aviation
Authors: van Klaren Carmen , Maij Anneloes , Marsman Laurie , van Drongelen Alwin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Operator fatigue poses a major concern in safety-critical industries such as aviation, potentially increasing the chances of errors and accidents. To better understand this risk, there is a need for noninvasive objective measures of fatigue. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of cEEGrids, a type of ear-EEG, for fatigue detection by analyzing the alpha and theta power before and after sleep restriction in four sessions on two separate days, employing a within-participants design. Results were compared to traditional, highly validated methods: the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) and Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). After sleep restriction and an office workday, 12 participants showed increased alpha band power in multiple electrode channels, but no channels correlated with KSS scores and PVT response speed. These findings indicate that cEEGrids can detect differences in alpha power following mild sleep loss. However, it should be noted that this capability was limited to specific channels, and no difference in theta power was observed. The study shows the potential and limitations of ear-EEG for fatigue detection as a less invasive alternative to cap-EEG. Further design and electrode configuration adjustments are necessary before ear-EEG can be implemented for fatigue detection in the field.
Persistence of Fungicides Applied to Control Snow Mold of Turfgrass as Influenced by Snow Cover and Antitranspirants
Authors: Hockemeyer Kurt , Gonzalez Vazquez Amarilys , Koch Paul L. 
Published: February 2024

Turfgrass managers rely on fungicides to suppress snow mold diseases in areas with persistent snow cover, which are commonly applied once or twice in late fall prior to snow cover. Fungicide applications targeting snow mold are expected to control snow mold diseases for the duration of winter; however, climate change is increasing the frequency of winter rainfall and snowmelts and may alter the duration of snow mold control. A 3-year study was conducted in Madison, WI, to assess the impact of snow cover and antitranspirants on the persistence of the commonly used fungicides chlorothalonil and propiconazole. Snow cover, fungicide treatment, and the use of antitranspirants had minimal impacts on fungicide persistence and disease control. The most important factors influencing persistence of the fungicides were snowmelt and winter rainfall events, yet antitranspirants demonstrated modest evidence of extending chlorothalonil persistence in certain years. These results demonstrate that increasing snowmelt and winter rainfall events associated with climate change will increase dissipation of fungicides used for snow mold suppression, which will likely impact disease control. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Self-Blame Attribution
Authors: Minchew Leigh Anne 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT:
The attribution of self-blame for a negative physical health outcome can lead to further deterioration of one's mental and spiritual state. Using Walker and Avant's eight-step model for concept analysis, self-blame attribution is explored following the diagnosis of a human papillomavirus-related cancer in women. Conceptual case examples provide application of the concept to patient situations. Spiritual assessment tools for nurses caring for those who evidence self-blame are provided.
Local Recurrence-Free Survival After TaTME: A Canadian Institutional Experience
Authors: Hershorn Olivia , Ghuman Amandeep , Karimuddin Ahmer A. , Raval Manoj J. , Phang P. Terry , Brown Carl J. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Transanal total mesorectal excision is a novel surgical treatment for mid to low rectal cancers. Norwegian population data has raised concerns about local recurrence in patients treated with transanal total mesorectal excision.

OBJECTIVE:
Our objective was to analyze local recurrence and disease-free survival in patients treated by transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer at a high-volume tertiary center.

DESIGN:
This is a retrospective study utilizing a prospectively maintained institutional transanal total mesorectal excision database. Patient demographics, treatment and outcomes data were analyzed. Local recurrence, disease-free, and overall survival were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

SETTINGS:
The study was conducted at a single academic institution in Vancouver, Canada.

PARTICIPANTS:
All patients treated by transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal adenocarcinoma between 2014-2022 were included.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The primary outcome was local recurrence-free survival.

RESULTS:
Between 2014 and 2022, 306 patients were treated by transanal total mesorectal excision at St. Paul’s Hospital. Of these, 279 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 62 years (SD ± 12.3) and 66.7% of patients were male. Restorative resection was achieved in 97.5% of patients with a conversion rate from laparoscopic to open of 6.8%. Composite optimal pathological outcome was 93.9%. The median follow-up was 26 months (interquartile range 12 – 47) and 82.8% achieved reestablishment of gastrointestinal continuity to date. The overall local recurrence rate was 4.7% (n = 13). The estimated 2-year local recurrence-free survival was 95.0% (95% CI: 92 - 98) and 94.5% at 5 years (95% CI: 91 – 98).

LIMITATIONS:
Limitations include retrospective nature of the study and generalizability of a Canadian population.

CONCLUSIONS:
Recent European data has challenged the presumed oncologic safety of transanal total mesorectal excision. While the learning curve for this procedure is challenging and poor outcomes are associated with low volume, this high volume single-center study confirms acceptable oncologic outcomes consistent with the current standard. See Video
Incidence of Bacteremia, Infective Endocarditis, or Prosthetic Joint Infection in Dermatologic Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: McKesey Jacqueline , Mazhar Momina , Alam Murad , Srivastava Divya , Nijhawan Rajiv I. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
Prophylactic antibiotic therapy is widely used in dermatologic surgery to prevent surgical site infections and bacteremia, which can lead to prosthetic joint infections (PJI) and infective endocarditis (IE) in high-risk populations.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the incidence of bacteremia, PJI, and IE after dermatologic surgery and assess the current evidence for antibiotic prophylaxis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A search of the computerized bibliographic databases was performed using key terms from the date of inception to March 21, 2021. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 data extractors.

RESULTS
The review resulted in 9 publications that met inclusion criteria, including 5 prospective cohort studies and 4 case reports or case series. The prospective studies reported a wide range of bacteremia incidence (0%–7%) after dermatologic surgery. No cases of PJI resulting directly from cutaneous surgery were identified, and only 1 case series reported IE after various skin procedures.

CONCLUSION
These findings suggest a low rate of bacteremia and a lack of direct evidence linking dermatologic surgery to PJI or IE. The scarcity of published data on this topic is a limitation, highlighting the need for further research, particularly randomized controlled trials, to guide antibiotic prophylaxis recommendations.
Symptomatology and Quality of Life of Older People With HIV and Comorbid Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases From an HIV Clinic in Birmingham, Alabama
Authors: Byun Jun Y. , Chapman Lambert Crystal , Fazeli Pariya L. , Iyer Anand S. , Batey D. Scott , Vance David E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Psychological symptomatology and quality of life (QoL) have been studied in older people with HIV (PWH) and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respectively, but there is a dearth of studies in older PWH with COPD. Our study compared depressive symptoms, anxiety, and QoL between older PWH with and without COPD using data from an HIV clinic in Birmingham, Alabama, from January 2018 to February 2020. Data on depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Patient Health Questionnaire-5 Anxiety), and QoL (EuroQoL-5 Dimension) were analyzed. Among 690 PWH aged 50 years or older, 102 individuals (14.8%) had COPD. Significant differences were found between the two groups in depressive symptoms and components of QoL (e.g., mobility, self-care, usual activities, and pain/discomfort), but not in anxiety and general health. Experiencing COPD may worsen depressive symptomatology and QoL in older PWH, highlighting the need for tailored health care and research for this population.
Navigating the pathway to advanced practice: A grounded theory of nurse practitioner role transition in a fellowship
Authors: Hande Karen , Jackson Heather 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Greater attention to the transitional period for advanced practice nurses has urged health care organizations and employers to implement fellowships. Currently, the theoretical process of nurse practitioner (NP) role transition from the essential perspectives of NP fellows does not exist.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to construct a middle-range theory grounded in reality of an NP fellowship environment that explains how NPs transition to their new role.

Methodology:
Following Charmaz's constructivist methodology, 11 NPs who transitioned to practice in a fellowship were interviewed.

Results:
“Navigating the Pathway to Advanced Practice: A Grounded Theory of Nurse Practitioner Role Transition in a Fellowship” emerged from the data and is composed of through five phases: (1) mapping a path, (2) stepping onto the trailhead, (3) navigating the trailway, (4) gaining traction, and (5) summiting.

Conclusions:
The resulting middle-range theory is the first in the nursing literature that conceptualizes meaning about NP role transition in a fellowship. This process occurs in the contextual factor of a realm of support that includes growth, value, lifelong learning, and readiness. Throughout this process, NPs build competence and confidence that advances them to summit, or transition, to their NP role at the completion of an NP fellowship.

Implications:
This discovery will fill the research gap pertaining to best practice interventions in support of NPs during role transition in fellowships. Understanding how NPs transition to their new advanced practice roles may inform organizations on how to structure fellowships that support learning, encourage confidence, and enhance competence.
Second Malignant Neoplasms Following Treatment for Hepatoblastoma: An International Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Trobaugh-Lotrario Angela , Watanabe Kenichiro , O’Neill Allison F. , Dembowska-Bagińska Bozenna , Häberle Beate , Murphy Andrew , Hiyama Eiso , Czauderna Piotr , Meyers Rebecka L. , Langham Max , Feusner James 
Published: February 2024

Treatment intensification has improved survival in patients with hepatoblastoma (HB); however, these treatments are associated with an increased risk of late effects, including second malignant neoplasms (SMNs). Data is limited regarding SMNs following HB treatment. Cases of SMNs following treatment for HB reported in the literature and from personal communication were analyzed to further assess this late effect. Thirty-eight patients were identified. The median age at diagnosis of HB was 16 months (range: 3 to 168 mo). All patients had received a platinum agent, and almost all had anthracycline exposure. The SMNs reported were hematopoietic malignancies (n=19), solid tumors (n=12), and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (n=7). Of the 36 patients with outcome data, 19 survived. SMNs following HB treatment were primarily seen in patients with chemotherapy exposure, a history of liver transplantation, hereditary tumor predisposition syndromes, and/or a history of radiation treatment. Hematopoietic malignancies were the most common SMN reported in this cohort and were diagnosed earlier than other SMNs. Prospective collection of data through a companion late effects study or international registry could be used to further evaluate the rates and risks of SMNs as well as tumor predisposition syndromes in patients treated for HB.
SIMULATED AEROMEDICAL EVACUATION EXACERBATES ACUTE LUNG INJURY VIA HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1α-MEDIATED BNIP3/NIX-DEPENDENT MITOPHAGY
Authors: Yin Chunli , Liu Xinyang , Ma Yujie , Tang Zibo , Guo Wenmin , Sun Bingbing , He Jingmei 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
With the advancement of medicine and the development of technology, the limiting factors of aeromedical evacuation are gradually decreasing, and the scope of indications is expanding. However, the hypobaric and hypoxic environments experienced by critically ill patients in flight can cause lung injury, leading to inflammation and hypoxemia, which remains one of the few limiting factors for air medical evacuation. This study aimed to examine the mechanism of secondary lung injury in rat models of acute lung injury that simulate aeromedical evacuation.

Methods
An acute lung injury model was induced in SD rats by the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) followed by exposure to a simulated aeromedical evacuation environment (equivalent to 8,000 feet above sea level) or a normobaric normoxic environment for 4 hours. The expression of hypoxia-inducible transcription-1 α (HIF-1α) was stabilized by pretreatment with dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the protein expression levels of HIF-1α, BNIP3 and NIX in lung tissue were measured.

Results
Simulated aeromedical evacuation exacerbated pathological damage to lung tissue and increased the release of inflammatory cytokines in serum as well as the ROS levels and the protein levels of HIF-1α, BNIP3, and NIX in lung tissue. Pretreatment with DMOG resulted in increases in the protein expression of HIF-1α, BNIP3 and NIX.

Conclusion
Simulated aeromedical evacuation leads to secondary lung injury through mitophagy.