bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilizing a blend of expandable graphite and calcium/zinc stearate as a heat stabilizer environmentally friendly for polyvinyl chloride
Authors: Morsy Ashraf , Anwar Abbas , Anwar Hossam , Abdel‐Hamid H. , Soliman Aya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most important commercial plastics but it is thermally unstable at processing temperatures. Therefore, heat stabilizers are widely used to safeguard by improving resistance of PVC products at high temperature. But most of them are a highly toxic that can cause severe health issues in humans and harmful to the environment. In the present study mixed of calcium/zinc stearate heat stabilizer and green Expandable graphite (EG) is prepared via hydrothermal treatment using additives of nontoxic, environmental protection. The characteristics of the thermal stability of poly vinyl chloride can be investigated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) will be used to examine structure of the heat stabilizers, A universal testing equipment will be used to determine the mechanical properties and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). From TGA results the weight loss was 43.49% at 342°C for sample with Ca/Zn‐ stearate, while wt loss is 55.87% at 260°C for sample with EG which increase thermal stability. Differential scanning calorimetry affirmed the enhancement of PVC's thermal stability, showing a shift in the glass transition temperature an increase of 67°C. Mechanical tests indicated that samples with EG exhibited higher tensile strength and elongation at break, emphasizing the positive impact on PVC's mechanical properties. The burning test highlighted thermal stability of EG‐containing samples, retaining color and structure even after exposure to 180°C heat. This innovative approach not only enhances thermal stability but also aligns with eco‐friendly principles, making it a promising solution for improving PVC properties.Highlights
Ca/Zn‐ stearate, expandable graphite developed by a safe hydrothermal process.
Comprehensive analysis indicates improved thermal stability.
Safe stabilization of eco‐friendly calcium/zinc, expandable graphite.
Effective solution: Eco‐friendly, improved PVC properties.
Expandable graphite improved mechanical properties of PVC.
Probing binding and occlusion of substrate in the human creatine transporter‐1 by computation and mutagenesis
Authors: Clarke Amy , Farr Clemens V. , El‐Kasaby Ali , Szöllősi Daniel , Freissmuth Michael , Sucic Sonja , Stockner Thomas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn chordates, energy buffering is achieved in part through phosphocreatine, which requires cellular uptake of creatine by the membrane‐embedded creatine transporter (CRT1/SLC6A8). Mutations in human slc6a8 lead to creatine transporter deficiency syndrome, for which there is only limited treatment. Here, we used a combined homology modeling, molecular dynamics, and experimental approach to generate a structural model of CRT1. Our observations support the following conclusions: contrary to previous proposals, C144, a key residue in the substrate binding site, is not present in a charged state. Similarly, the side chain D458 must be present in a protonated form to maintain the structural integrity of CRT1. Finally, we identified that the interaction chain Y148‐creatine‐Na+ is essential to the process of occlusion, which occurs via a “hold‐and‐pull” mechanism. The model should be useful to study the impact of disease‐associated point mutations on the folding of CRT1 and identify approaches which correct folding‐deficient mutants.
Harvest load transfer sites influence sugarcane billbug (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) spatiotemporal injury in sugarcane
Authors: Rosa Jivago Oliveira , Soares João Rafael Silva , Fernandes Odair Aparecido 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe sugarcane billbug, Sphenophorus levis Vaurie 1978, is a key soil‐dwelling insect pest of sugarcane in Brazil and greatly affects plant development and yield. This insect presents an aggregated distribution pattern in production fields. The reasons for such behavior include intraspecific communication and attractivity due to the fermentation of sugar in stalk residues. During mechanized harvesting, part of the harvested material usually falls in the load transfer sites, becoming a potential source for increasing the infestation. We therefore evaluated whether producing areas near the harvest load transfer sites are more prone to S. levis injury.RESULTSThere are greater chances of finding billbug injury within a radius of 740 m from the harvest load transfer site. Additionally, injured areas are estimated to expand 11.96% each growing season. Our spatiotemporal models support higher injured areas surrounding the harvest load transfer site and show clear and significant signs of increased injury levels compared to the initial growing season surveyed.CONCLUSIONOur results reinforce the importance of harvest transfer sites in the dispersion and propagation of the sugarcane billbug. Based on this knowledge, sugarcane millers and growers can adopt preventive and remedial practices within the loading sites that can potentially contribute to the successful management of this insect pest. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A 5‐year survivor of endarterectomy for sclerosing undifferentiated intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery: Importance of clinical suspicion and careful histologic evaluation
Authors: Amemiya Kisaki , Nishihira Morikazu , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Ohta‐Ogo Keiko , Ogo Takeshi , Ikeda Yoshihiko , Hatakeyama Kinta , Sasaki Hiroaki , Ogino Hitoshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present a diagnostically challenging case of intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery (PA) due to the histologic finding of a sclerosing appearance with no appreciable spindle/pleomorphic cell proliferation. Initial endarterectomy specimens were composed of sclerosing extracellular matrix with a few bland cells, some recanalization, and fibrin thrombi, impeding the confirmation of intimal sarcoma as these findings were also consistent with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. However, the patient experienced recurrence 5 years later, and the second endarterectomy specimens revealed more firm and solid mass and the proliferation of atypical spindle/pleomorphic cells within a myxomatous matrix in the distal PA, leading to the definitive diagnosis of undifferentiated intimal sarcoma of the PA. The archival specimens from the endarterectomy confirmed intense MDM2 expression by immunohistochemistry, suggesting its role as a potential diagnostic marker for intimal sarcoma. This case highlights that prominent sclerosing extracellular matrix with very few atypical cells should raise the possibility of intimal sarcoma of the PA and that high index of suspicion, generous sampling, and ancillary tests are critical for accurate diagnosis. In this case, the tumor was incidentally removed by endarterectomy, resulting in 5 years of survival.
Morphology and growth of convective cold pools observed by a dense station network in Germany
Authors: Kirsch Bastian , Hohenegger Cathy , Ament Felix 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study explores the morphology of convective cold pools, that is, their size, shape, and structure, as well as factors controlling their growth using surface‐based observations of the Field Experiment on Sub‐mesoscale Spatio Temporal Variability in Lindenberg (FESSTVaL). FESSTVaL featured a dense network of 99 custom‐built, low‐cost measurement stations covering a circular area of 30 km in diameter at sub‐mesoscale resolution (distances between 0.1 and 4.8 km) and was held at the Lindenberg Observatory near Berlin (Germany) from May–August 2021. The station network sampled 42 cold‐pool events during the 103‐day measurement period. The morphological properties of cold pools are derived by interpolating the temperature observations spatially to a Cartesian grid and defining cold pools as individual objects at a given time with a temperature perturbation stronger than  K. The sample of 1232 cold‐pool objects with extents sufficiently captured by the network has a median equivalent diameter of 8.5 km. The objects exhibit aspect ratios between 1.5 and 1.6 independent of their size and strength, meaning they are generally not circularly shaped. On average, is strongest at the cold‐pool center and decreases linearly towards the edge. For the growth phase of four selected events, the cold‐pool object area scales linearly with the radar‐observed, area‐integrated rainfall accumulation, while the object‐mean temperature perturbation strengthens most efficiently early in the life cycle. The global, radial expansion velocity decreases as the cold pool gets stronger and larger, in contradiction of density‐current theory. Instead, is a better predictor of the expansion rate. These findings identify cold‐air import by precipitation, through both evaporative cooling and convective downdrafts, as the dominant driver of the observed growth.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis manifested secondary to bacterial pleural empyema
Authors: Kawano Hiromu , Kan‐o Keiko , Egashira Ayaka , Okamoto Isamu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA 54‐year‐old woman with no history of lung disease including bronchial asthma developed left bacterial pleural empyema due to the perforation of a lung abscess in the left lower lobe. Chest tube drainage and antibiotics improved the pleural empyema. Two months following discharge from the hospital, she developed a cough and left chest pain. Chest computed tomography revealed high‐attenuation mucus plugs, atelectasis in the left lower lobe, and an increased peripheral blood eosinophil count. Bronchoscopy revealed a mucoid impaction in B8 of the left lower lobe, confirming the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus. A diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis was made, and treatment with oral prednisolone was initiated, resulting in the resolution of the mucus plugs and improvement of atelectasis.
Attitude optimization by extremum seeking for rigid bodies actuated by internal rotors only
Authors: Suttner Raik , Krstić Miroslav 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIn this paper, we investigate the stabilizing effect of an extremum seeking control law on a class of underactuated Lagrangian control systems with symmetry. Our study is motivated by the problem of attitude optimization for satellites with reaction wheels. The goal is to minimize the value of an analytically unknown configuration‐dependent objective function without being reliant on measurements of the current configuration and velocity. This work extends our previous work on extremum seeking control for fully actuated mechanical systems on Lie groups in the absence of dissipation. We show that the earlier method for fully actuated systems can also be successfully applied to a certain class of underactuated systems, which are controlled by internal momentum exchange devices (reaction wheels) so that the total momentum is conserved. Conservation of momentum allows us to reduce the control system to a system on a smaller state manifold. The reduced control system is not of Lagrangian form but fully actuated. For the reduced control system we prove that the extremum seeking method leads to practical uniform asymptotic stability. We illustrate our findings by the example of a rigid body with internal rotors.
Expansion of smallmouth bass distribution and habitat overlap with juvenile Chinook salmon in the Willamette River, Oregon
Authors: White James S. , Kock Tobias J. , Penaluna Brooke E. , Gregory Stan , Williams Josh , Wildman Randy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSmallmouth bass populations have expanded far beyond their native range and these predatory fish present a pervasive threat to native aquatic species throughout North America. In the western United States, smallmouth bass are now present in river and reservoir habitats where Pacific salmon are found and are considered a potential threat to salmon recovery in many locations. We conducted a study to determine if smallmouth bass are expanding their range in the mainstem Willamette River, Oregon, and developed a model to assess habitat overlap between smallmouth bass and juvenile Chinook salmon. Sampling during 2011–2022 revealed that the distribution of smallmouth bass had expanded throughout that timeframe to encompass the entire mainstem Willamette River, including important rearing habitats for juvenile Chinook salmon. The model predicted that smallmouth bass and juvenile Chinook salmon habitat overlap was substantial, highlighting the need for additional research to evaluate for potential negative impacts to salmon recovery in the basin. The model was also used to evaluate the efficacy of using flow management to reduce interactions between these two species, but the scenarios we examined suggested that this was not a viable option. These results highlight the need for continued research to assess interactions between smallmouth bass and juvenile salmon, and other native species of concern, in the Willamette River Basin. The development of the model is useful for resource managers to understand interactions between these species to prioritize locations for sampling in the future.
Botnet‐based IoT network traffic analysis using deep learning
Authors: Singh N. Joychandra , Hoque Nazrul , Singh Kh. Robindro , Bhattacharyya Dhruba K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIoT networks are increasingly being connected to a wide range of devices, and the number of devices connected has significantly increased in recent years. As a consequence, the number of vulnerabilities to IoT networks has also been increasing tremendously. In IoT networks, botnet‐based Distributed Denial of Service attack is challenging due to its dynamic behavior. The sensors and actuators connected to IoT networks are low‐powered and have less memory. Because of their inherent vulnerability, IoT devices can always be compromised by an attacker and be used to form a large botnet. A detailed analysis of IoT botnet attacks is presented in this article, along with statistics and the architectures of the botnet. We also survey the existing literature on IoT botnet traffic analysis and present a taxonomy of attack detection methods. We particularly focus on deep learning‐based methods and conduct a comparative study to evaluate their performance on IoT traffic analysis. We identify the current issues and research challenges in this field, and we conclude by highlighting some future research directions.
Symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy, spectra & boundary conformal field theory
Authors: Kusuki Yuya , Murciano Sara , Ooguri Hirosi , Pal Sridip 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We perform a comprehensive analysis of the symmetry-resolved (SR) entanglement entropy (EE) for one single interval in the ground state of a 1 + 1D conformal field theory (CFT), that is invariant under an arbitrary finite or compact Lie group, G. We utilize the boundary CFT approach to study the total EE, which enables us to find the universal leading order behavior of the SREE and its first correction, which explicitly depends on the irreducible representation under consideration and breaks the equipartition of entanglement. We present two distinct schemes to carry out these computations. The first relies on the evaluation of the charged moments of the reduced density matrix. This involves studying the action of the defect-line, that generates the symmetry, on the boundary states of the theory. This perspective also paves the way for discussing the infeasibility of studying symmetry resolution when an anomalous symmetry is present. The second scheme draws a parallel between the SREE and the partition function of an orbifold CFT. This approach allows for the direct computation of the SREE without the need to use charged moments. From this standpoint, the infeasibility of defining the symmetry-resolved EE for an anomalous symmetry arises from the obstruction to gauging. Finally, we derive the symmetry-resolved entanglement spectra for a CFT invariant under a finite symmetry group. We revisit a similar problem for CFT with compact Lie group, explicitly deriving an improved formula for U(1) resolved entanglement spectra. Using the Tauberian formalism, we can estimate the aforementioned EE spectra rigorously by proving an optimal lower and upper bound on the same. In the abelian case, we perform numerical checks on the bound and find perfect agreement.
Einsatz von KI-basierten Anwendungen durch Krankenhauspersonal: Aufgabenprofile und Qualifizierungsbedarfe
Authors: Antweiler Dario , Albiez Daniela , Bures Dominik , Hosters Bernadette , Jovy-Klein Florian , Nickel Kilian , Reibel Thomas , Schramm Johanna , Sander Jil , Antons David , Diehl Anke 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) hat für Krankenhäuser wesentlich an Bedeutung gewonnen. Um die umfangreichen Potenziale der Technologie tatsächlich nutzen zu können, sind Anpassungen bei Aufgabenprofilen sowie zielgerichtete Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen für das Krankenhauspersonal heute und in Zukunft unabdingbar. Davon sind sowohl medizinische als auch nichtmedizinische Prozesse entlang der gesamten Wertschöpfungskette im Krankenhaus betroffen. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick über die notwendigen Fähigkeiten im Umgang mit intelligenten Technologien im klinischen Kontext zu geben und Maßnahmen zur Qualifizierung von Mitarbeiter*innen vorzustellen.

Methoden
Im Rahmen des Projekts „SmartHospital.NRW“ wurden im Jahr 2022 eine Literaturrecherche sowie Interviews und Workshops mit Expert*innen durchgeführt. KI-Technologien und Anwendungsfelder wurden identifiziert.

Ergebnisse
Zentrale Ergebnisse umfassen veränderte und neue Aufgabenprofile, identifizierte Synergien und Abhängigkeiten zwischen den einzelnen Aufgabenprofilen sowie die Notwendigkeit eines umfassenden interdisziplinären und interprofessionellen Austauschs beim Einsatz von KI-basierten Anwendungen im Krankenhaus.

Diskussion
Unser Beitrag zeigt, dass Krankenhäuser frühzeitig Kompetenzen im Bereich Digital Health Literacy in der Belegschaft fördern und gleichzeitig technikaffines Personal anwerben müssen. Interprofessionelle Austauschformate sowie ein begleitendes Changemanagement sind essenziell für die Nutzung von KI im Krankenhaus.
Facile chemical hydrophobization of thin-layer plates by vapor deposition of methyltrimethoxysilane for reversed-phase chromatography
Authors: Jaxel Julien , Merio Alice , Kohlhuber Nadine , Beaumont Marco , Wimmer Rupert , Rosenau Thomas , Hansmann Christian , Liebner Falk , Böhmdorfer Stefan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReversed-phase chromatography is based on a polar mobile phase and an apolar stationary phase. This separation mode is regularly used in planar (thin-layer) chromatography, and the necessary plates are commercially available. We investigated the preparation of hydrophobic plates for thin-layer chromatography by chemical vapor sorption of methyltrimethoxysilane directly onto a normal-phase plate. For this, a commercial normal-phase plate is simply exposed to the vapors of the reagent in a closed vessel. The obtained plates were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and dynamic water vapor sorption, which reported an extensive conversion of free hydroxyl groups by the reagent. The obtained plates were hydrophobic with a water contact angle close to 135°. The extent of hydrophobization precluded the use of pure water as an eluent while mixtures with organic solvents were perfectly adequate. The plates’ chromatographic performance was compared with that of C18 and paraffin-coated plates. For this, a set of parabens was separated with mixtures of acetone and water. The height of a theoretical plate was similar for the hydrophobized and the C18 plates (50–90 µm) and larger for the paraffin-coated ones. In contrast to the C18 plate, the hydrophobized and the paraffin-coated plates showed some selectivity for the analyte pair n-butylparaben and iso-butylparaben, which indicates a separation mechanism with the potential for regioselectivity.
What is digital transformation? A survey on the perceptions of decision-makers in business
Authors: Riedl René , Stieninger Mark , Muehlburger Manuel , Koch Stefan , Hess Thomas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the past years we have observed enormous adoption and use of digital technologies in almost all domains of human life. In this context, researchers and practitioners have been using the term “digital transformation” (DT) to characterize phenomena related to the changes caused by increased use of digital technologies. The progression and contributions of corresponding discussions significantly depend on a common understanding and conceptualization of DT. Accordingly, the information systems research community has started working toward conceptual clarity. Importantly, the current debate focuses on theoretical contributions by academic researchers. Hence, data on the practitioners’ perspective on DT is missing. Against this background, we investigated general understandings of DT in practice. Our analysis comprises data of N = 529 business decision-makers in the UK. Our results show a significant discrepancy between science (i.e., conceptualizations and definitions of DT in the academic literature) and practice (i.e., business decision-makers’ perceptions and corresponding survey responses). Specifically, for a large proportion of the respondents their decision to classify concrete digitalization examples from the literature as DT or no DT was largely independent of the degree of organizational change caused by the use of digital technologies. This is a surprising result, as high-caliber academic literature proposes this degree to be a critical factor to characterize DT. Another key finding is that a remarkable number of practitioners consider a digitalization initiative as DT based on the mere occurrence of specific buzzwords related to digital technologies in the corresponding descriptions. In particular, the buzzword “digital technology” led the survey participants to classify a definition as instance for DT. We discuss implications of our results and limitations.
Linking business analytics affordances to corporate strategic planning and decision making outcomes
Authors: Kurpiela Steffen , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBusiness analytics is considered in research and practice as a promising approach to support organizations in the increasing complexity and dynamics in the strategic planning and decision making, which arise for example through the integration of product-service systems. However, literature is lacking a comprehensive analysis to what extant business analytics supports the strategic planning and decision making. Thus, coming from the affordance and socio-technical system theory, we are linking business analytics affordances to strategic planning outcomes. In doing so, we identified 20 affordances which we have assigned to the dimensions of the socio-technology system theory. Based on this, we have derived implications and propositions for research and practice. The results can be used as guidelines for practice and directions for future research.