bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragility of the Schrödinger Cat in thermal environments
Authors: Bera Sandip , Yip Kenny L. S. , John Sajeev 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe describe the decoherence instability of Schrödinger Cat states in the two-site Bose-Hubbard model with an attractive on-site interaction between particles. For N particles with onsite attractive energy U and hopping amplitude between sites t, Cat states exist for $$u\equiv \frac{UN}{2t}<-1$$

u
≡

UN

2
t

<
-
1

at zero temperature. However, they are increasingly unstable to small thermal fluctuations as the Cat itself is increasingly well-defined and its components become well-separated. For any given $$u<-1$$

u
<
-
1

, the decoherence temperature becomes smaller for large N. The loss of off-diagonal coherence peaks in the equilibrium density matrix is dominated by the thermal admixture of the first excited state of the many-body system with its ground state. Particle number fluctuations, described in the grand canonical ensemble also reduce coherence, but to a lesser degree than thermal fluctuations. The full density matrix of the Schrödinger Cat is obtained by exact numerical diagonalization of the many-body Hamiltonian and a narrow regime in the parameter space of the particle number, temperature, and U/t is identified where small Cat states may survive decoherence in a physical environment.
Universal primers for rift valley fever virus whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Kim Kwan Woo , Lee Banseok , Eom Sujeong , Shin Donghoon , Park Changwoo , Kim Seil , Yi Hana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease causing acute hemorrhagic fever. Accurate identification of mutations and phylogenetic characterization of RVF virus (RVFV) require whole-genome analysis. Universal primers to amplify the entire RVFV genome from clinical samples with low copy numbers are currently unavailable. Thus, we aimed to develop universal primers applicable for all known RVFV strains. Based on the genome sequences available from public databases, we designed eight pairs of universal PCR primers covering the entire RVFV genome. To evaluate primer universality, four RVFV strains (ZH548, Kenya 56 (IB8), BIME-01, and Lunyo), encompassing viral phylogenetic diversity, were chosen. The nucleic acids of the test strains were chemically synthesized or extracted via cell culture. These RNAs were evaluated using the PCR primers, resulting in successful amplification with expected sizes (0.8–1.7 kb). Sequencing confirmed that the products covered the entire genome of the RVFV strains tested. Primer specificity was confirmed via in silico comparison against all non-redundant nucleotide sequences using the BLASTn alignment tool in the NCBI database. To assess the clinical applicability of the primers, mock clinical specimens containing human and RVFV RNAs were prepared. The entire RVFV genome was successfully amplified and sequenced at a viral concentration of 108 copies/mL. Given the universality, specificity, and clinical applicability of the primers, we anticipate that the RVFV universal primer pairs and the developed method will aid in RVFV phylogenomics and mutation detection.
Modes of North Atlantic Western boundary current variability at 36° N
Authors: Mao Shun , He Ruoying , Andres Magdalena 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe surface-intensified, poleward-flowing Gulf Stream (GS) encounters the equatorward-flowing Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) at 36° N off Cape Hatteras. In this study, daily output from a data-assimilative, high-resolution (800 m), regional ocean reanalysis was examined to quantify variability in the velocity structure of the GS and DWBC during 2017–2018. The validity of this reanalysis was confirmed with independent observations of ocean velocity and density that demonstrate a high level of realism in the model’s representation of the regional circulation. The model’s daily velocity time series across a transect off Cape Hatteras was examined using rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis, and analysis suggests three leading modes that characterize the variability of the western boundary currents throughout the water column. The first mode, related to meandering of the GS current, accounts for 55.3% of the variance, followed by a “wind-forced mode”, which accounts for 12.5% of the variance. The third mode, influenced by the DWBC and upper-ocean eddies, accounts for 7.1% of the variance.
Development and validation of a predictive model for febrile seizures
Authors: Cheng Anna , Xiong Qin , Wang Jing , Wang Renjian , Shen Lei , Zhang Guoqin , Huang Yujuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFebrile seizures (FS) are the most prevalent type of seizures in children. Existing predictive models for FS exhibit limited predictive ability. To build a better-performing predictive model, a retrospective analysis study was conducted on febrile children who visited the Children's Hospital of Shanghai from July 2020 to March 2021. These children were divided into training set (n = 1453), internal validation set (n = 623) and external validation set (n = 778). The variables included demographic data and complete blood counts (CBCs). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was used to select the predictors of FS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to develop a predictive model. The coefficients derived from the multivariate logistic regression were used to construct a nomogram that predicts the probability of FS. The calibration plot, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate model performance. Results showed that the AUC of the predictive model in the training set was 0.884 (95% CI 0.861 to 0.908, p < 0.001) and C-statistic of the nomogram was 0.884. The AUC of internal validation set was 0.883 (95% CI 0.844 to 0.922, p < 0.001), and the AUC of external validation set was 0.858 (95% CI 0.820 to 0.896, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the FS predictive model constructed based on CBCs in this study exhibits good predictive ability and has clinical application value.
Negative association between multiple sclerosis immunogenetic profile and in silico immunogenicities of 12 viruses
Authors: James Lisa M. , Georgopoulos Apostolos P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuman Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) is involved in both multiple sclerosis (MS) and immune response to viruses. Here we investigated the virus-HLA immunogenicity (V-HLA) of 12 viruses implicated in MS with respect to 17 HLA Class I alleles positively associated to MS prevalence in 14 European countries. Overall, higher V-HLA immunogenicity was associated with smaller MS-HLA effect, with human herpes virus 3 (HHV3), JC human polyoma virus (JCV), HHV1, HHV4, HHV7, HHV5 showing the strongest association, followed by HHV8, HHV6A, and HHV6B (moderate association), and human endogenous retrovirus (HERV-W), HHV2, and human papilloma virus (HPV) (weakest association). These findings suggest that viruses with proteins of high HLA immunogenicity are eliminated more effectively and, consequently, less likely to be involved in MS.
How being perceived to be an artist boosts feelings of attraction in others
Authors: Wassiliwizky Eugen , Wontorra Paul , Ullén Fredrik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMusic production is a universal phenomenon reaching far back into our past. Given its ubiquity, evolution theorists have postulated adaptive functions for music, such as strengthening in-group cohesion, intimidating enemies, or promoting child bonding. Here, we focus on a longstanding Darwinian hypothesis, suggesting that music production evolved as a vehicle to display an individual’s biological fitness in courtship competition, thus rendering musicality a sexually selected trait. We also extend this idea to visual artists. In our design, we employed different versions of naturalistic portraits that manipulated the presence or absence of visual cues suggesting that the person was an artist or a non-artist (e.g., farmer, teacher, physician). Participants rated each portrayed person’s appeal on multiple scales, including attractiveness, interestingness, sympathy, and trustworthiness. Difference scores between portrait versions revealed the impact of the artistic/non-artistic visual cues. We thus tested Darwin’s hypothesis on both a within-subject and within-stimulus level. In addition to this implicit approach, we collected explicit ratings on the appeal of artists versus non-artists. The results demonstrate divergent findings for both types of data, with only the explicit statements corroborating Darwin’s hypothesis. We discuss this divergence in detail, along with the particular role of interestingness revealed by the implicit data.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in of BRCA1/2 mutations restores response to olaparib in pancreatic cancer cell lines
Authors: Witz Andréa , Dardare Julie , Francois Aurélie , Husson Marie , Rouyer Marie , Demange Jessica , Merlin Jean-Louis , Gilson Pauline , Harlé Alexandre 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive diseases with a very poor outcome. Olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, as maintenance therapy showed benefits in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma bearing germline BRCA1/2 mutations. However, germline BRCA mutation has been described in only 4–7% of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system was used to knock-in the c.763G > T p.(Glu255*) and c.2133C > A p.(Cys711*) mutations in cell lines to obtain truncated BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins, respectively. A CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex was assembled for each mutation and transfected into two pancreatic cell lines (T3M4 and Capan-2) and into a breast cancer cell lines (MCF7) as control. BRCA protein levels were significantly decreased in all BRCA-depleted cells (P < 0.05), proving the transfection efficiency of our CRISPR/Cas9 systems. As expected, the calculated olaparib IC50 were significantly reduced for all cell lines harbored BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations compared to wild-type BRCA1/2 cells (P < 0.01). Furthermore, we observed a higher induction of apoptosis after 72 h olaparib treatment in BRCA-depleted cells than in wild-type cells. This strategy might offer new insights into the management of patients with pancreatic cancer and open up new perspectives based on the in vivo use of CRISPR/Cas9 strategy.
Identification and validation of novel prognostic signatures based on m5C methylation patterns and tumor EMT profiles in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Guanghao , Wang Wei , Yao Hui , Li Haopu , Zhang Caiyun , Meng Yindi , Wang Jingjie , Zhu Minhui , Zheng Hongliang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe role of 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in tumor initiation and progression has been increasingly recognized. However, the precise association between the regulation of m5C and the progression, metastasis, and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not yet been fully explored. Data from 545 HNSCC patients obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed. Unsupervised cluster analysis was conducted using the expression levels of m5C regulatory genes. Additionally, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and Cox regression analysis were utilized. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), colony formation assay, transwell experiments and western blots were performed in the HNSCC cell line UM-SCC-17B to assess the expression and functional role of one of the novel signatures, CNFN. Significant expression differences were found in m5C regulatory genes between tumor and normal tissues in HNSCC. Two distinct m5C modification patterns, characterized by substantial prognostic differences, were identified. Cluster-2, which exhibited a strong association with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), was found to be associated with a poorer prognosis. Based on the m5C clusters and EMT status, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Using DEGs, an 8-gene signature (CAMK2N1, WNT7A, F2RL1, AREG, DEFB1, CNFN, TGFBI, and CAV1) was established to develop a prognostic model. The performance of this signature was validated in both the training and external validation datasets, demonstrating its promising efficacy. Furthermore, additional investigations using RT-qPCR on clinical specimens and experimental assays in cell lines provided compelling evidence suggesting that CNFN, one of the genes in the signature, could play a role in HNSCC progression and metastasis through the EMT pathway. This study highlighted the role of m5C in HNSCC progression and metastasis. The relationship between m5C and EMT has been elucidated for the first time. A robust prognostic model was developed for accurately predicting HNSCC patients’ survival outcomes. Potential molecular mechanisms underlying these associations have been illuminated through this research.
Dynamic financial and monetary security risk assessment based on information service security assessment model and blockchain
Authors: Li Jia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of blockchain technology, the financial and monetary (FM) blockchain fields also began to collide. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between the two fields and efficiently evaluate the security of financial information. Firstly, this study introduces the theoretical basis of blockchain in the dynamic linkage mechanism of FM and gives the overall framework of digital currency based on blockchain. Meanwhile, the relationship between blockchain and digital finance is empirically analyzed and designed. Secondly, the framework of financial information service security assessment (ISSA) is created using blockchain technology, and the frame of security risk evaluation is verified by taking electronic invoice information as the research object. Finally, the results show that: (1) foreign exchange (forex) events and major stock index decline events have a significant impact on the return of Bitcoin (BTC) in the short term. Moreover, more than 70% of uncertainty events will make BTC’s abnormal return (AR) significantly positive; (2) Under the influence of forex uncertainty events, only one BTC’s AR is remarkably negative in short order, while the other seven times are markedly positive. In the uncertainty events of major stock indexes, only two times are significantly negative, and the other six times are positive. This indicates that uncertain events in the short run make prominent AR of BTC; the proposed blockchain-based ISSA model and assessment index are scientific, feasible, and operable.
Finite-element-analysis of connection strength of assembled camshafts with different cam-bore profiles using tube hydroforming technology
Authors: Ma Jianping , Jiang Zhansi , Lei Ji , Huang Jinjie , Liu Jun , Yang Lianfa , Wang Haijian , Rong Jianfeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe assembled camshaft is a novel manufacturing product which connects the cam and the mandrel by tube hydroforming (THF) technology after they are processed separately. However, in the process of THF, the structure of the cam-bores has a crucial influence on the connection strength of the assembled camshafts. Therefore, three kinds of cam-bores with circular structure, isometric-trilateral profile and logarithmic spiral profile are selected for hydroforming with a hollow mandrel (tube) in this study. The finite-element-analysis is carried out by ABAQUS software, the variations of (residual) contact pressure and contact area under different structures are obtained, and the torsional angle variations after assembly are measured. Further, the connection strength of the assembled camshaft under three structures is discussed. The results show that the evaluation of connection strength of the assembled camshaft is affected by many factors, including contact pressure, maximum residual contact pressure, axial and circular residual contact pressure, contact area and its rate, residual contact area percentage and torsional angle. Through the comprehensive analysis of various factors, the torsional angle of the camshaft with circular structure is the largest, i.e. poor connection strength. By contrast, the torsional strength of the camshaft with isometric-trilateral profile is the largest, namely, the best connection strength.
Differences in non-communicable diseases between women in prison and the general population in Brazil
Authors: Leal Marto , Kerr Ligia , Mota Rosa Maria Salani , da Justa Pires Neto Roberto , Seal David , Kendall Carl 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWomen in prison have high risk for non-communicable diseases both in relation to men in prison and in relation to women in the general population. This study documented the health disparities related to diseases among women in prison and in the general female population in Brazil. Women in prisons (WP) < 30 years old had a prevalence of hypertension (PR = 4.5; 95% CI 3.4–6.1), cardiovascular disease (PR = 4.4; 95% CI 2.4–7.9) and asthma (PR = 3.0; 95% CI 2.3–3.8) higher than general female population in Brazil in the same age group. Women in prison > 50 years old also presented asthma prevalence (PR = 4.3; 95% CI 2.9–6.3) higher than the general female population in Brazil in the same age group. These women in prison, overwhelmingly young, could be mistaken for an elderly population in Brazil. Actively responding to early disease in these women can reduce overall health costs and improve health care for this population that may have limited access to health care outside of prison.
Early-life origin of prostate cancer through deregulation of miR-206 networks in maternally malnourished offspring rats
Authors: Portela Luiz M. F. , Constantino Flavia B. , Camargo Ana C. L. , Santos Sérgio A. A. , Colombelli Ketlin T. , Fioretto Matheus N. , Barata Luísa A. , Silva Erick J. R. , Scarano Wellerson R. , Felisbino Sergio L. , Moreno Carlos S. , Justulin Luis A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept has provided the framework to assess how early life experiences can shape health and disease throughout the life course. While maternal malnutrition has been proposed as a risk factor for the developmental programming of prostate cancer (PCa), the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using RNA-seq data, we demonstrated deregulation of miR-206-Plasminogen (PLG) network in the ventral prostate (VP) of young maternally malnourished offspring. RT-qPCR confirmed the deregulation of the miR-206-PLG network in the VP of young and old offspring rats. Considering the key role of estrogenic signaling pathways in prostate carcinogenesis, in vitro miRNA mimic studies also revealed a negative correlation between miR-206 and estrogen receptor α (ESR1) expression in PNT2 cells. Together, we demonstrate that early life estrogenization associated with the deregulation of miR-206 networks can contribute to the developmental origins of PCa in maternally malnourished offspring. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which early life malnutrition affects offspring health can encourage the adoption of a governmental policy for the prevention of non-communicable chronic diseases related to the DOHaD concept.
Pristine gelatin incorporation as a strategy to enhance the biofunctionality of poly(vinyl alcohol)-based hydrogels for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Longoni Alessia , Major Gretel S. , Jiang Shaoyuan , Farrugia Brooke L. , Kieser David C. , Woodfield Tim B. F. , Rnjak-Kovacina Jelena , Lim Khoon S. 
Published: October 2023

In this study, we investigated the suitability of pristine gelatin to enhance the biofunctionality of tyraminated PVA hydrogels, by promoting cell infiltration and host blood vessel recruitment in vitro and in vivo for tissue engineering applications.
Implementing a simplified power controller with a direct matrix converter for a PMSG‐based WECS
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Torres Diego Armando , Ramírez Juan M. , Lozano‐García José M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes the utilisation of the direct matrix converter (DMC) to regulate the power transfer between a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind energy conversion system (WECS) and the power grid. By connecting the PMSG at the output terminals of the DMC, control actions are simplified, implementation is facilitated since fewer sensors are required, and a WECS with a more compact structure is achieved because it is not necessary to use a transformer to compensate for the DMC voltage ratio. The DMC operation is controlled by the singular value decomposition (SVD) modulation technique and the four‐step switching strategy. For power regulation, an maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the wind turbine power curves technique is used in conjunction with the field‐oriented control technique and a proportional‐integral compensator. In the developed prototype of the WECS described, modulation, MPPT, four‐step current switching, control algorithms, and signal measurements are implemented on a single microcontroller unit. Finally, experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed WECS in regulating the transfer of active and reactive power adequately and simultaneously with the power grid.
Probing the face-on disc-corona system of the bare AGN Mrk 110 from UV to hard X-rays: A moderate changing-state AGN?
Authors: Porquet D. , Hagen S. , Grosso N. , Lobban A. , Reeves J. N. , Braito V. , Done C. 
Published: October 2023

Context. The X-ray broadband spectra of the bare active galactic nucleus (AGN) Mrk 110, obtained by simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations performed in November 2019 and April 2020, are characterised by the presence of a prominent and absorption-free smooth soft X-ray excess, moderately broad O VII and Fe Kα emission lines, and a lack of a strong Compton hump. The disc-corona system is almost viewed face-on as inferred from the O VII accretion disc lines. While relativistic reflection as the sole emission is ruled out, a simplified combination of soft and hard Comptonisation (using COMPTT) from a warm and a hot corona, plus mild relativistic disc reflection (occuring at a few 10 s Rg) reproduces the data very well.
Aims. We aim to confirm the physical origin of the soft X-ray excess of Mrk 110 and to determine its disc-corona system properties from its energetics using two new sophisticated models: REXCOR and RELAGN, respectively.
Methods. We applied these models to the 0.3–79 keV X-ray broadband spectra and to the spectral energy distribution (SED) from UV to hard X-rays, respectively.
Results. At both epochs, the inferred high values of the warm-corona heating from the X-ray broadband spectral analysis using REXCOR confirm that the soft X-ray excess of Mrk 110 mainly originates from a warm corona rather than relativistic reflection. The intrinsic best-fit SED determined at both epochs using RELAGN show a high X-ray contribution relative to the UV and are very well reproduced by a warm and hot corona plus mild relativistic reflection. The outer radii of the hot and warm corona are located at a few 10 s and ∼100 Rg, respectively. Moreover, combining the inferred low Eddington ratio (approximatively a few percent) from this work, and previous multi-wavelength spectral and timing studies suggest that Mrk 110 could be classified as a moderate changing-state AGN.
Conclusions. Our analysis confirms the existence of a warm corona as a significant contribution to the soft X-ray excess and UV emission in Mrk 110, adding to growing evidence that AGN accretion deviates from standard disc theory. This strengthens the importance of long-term multi-wavelength monitoring on both single targets and large AGN surveys to reveal the real nature of the disc-corona system in AGNs.