bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Propranolol and Amitriptyline on Vascular and EMG Biofeedback Training
Authors: Jay Gary W. , Renelli Dona , Mead Travis 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISBiofeedback training for vascular and neuromuscular (EMG) control has been used for the treatment of migraine, chronic muscle contraction headaches, and myofascial pain syndromes. Many patients undergoing this training are concurrently taking propranolol, a beta blocker, and/or amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant which inhibits re‐uptake of serotonin. There is an extreme paucity of information delineating the effects and interactions of these medications in patients learning autonomically mediated vascular control through biofeedback. In this pilot study we examined the ability of patients to learnvascular control and neuromuscular control. Four groups of patients were used: those taking no medication, those taking propranolol or amitriptyline alone, and patients using both medications. Results indicate the use of propranolol in patients learning vascular control produces a markedly increased variability in the ability of patients to control physiological parameters; this difficulty is also manifested in EMG training of patients taking only amitriptyline. Those within group variances were found to be negated by the use of both medications together. In spite of these findings, all groups did reach training criterion. In some patients the inability to easily control baseline physiological parameters may induce enough frustration to cause premature termination of training. It is postulated that the effectiveness of biofeedback training might be enhanced in patients not concurrently taking medications with autonomic effects.
A Computerized Behavioral Assessment for Children With Headaches
Authors: Leviton Alan , Slack Warner V. , Masek Bruce , Bana Dhirendra , R.Graham John 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISWe have developed a computerized interview program suitable for school‐age children with headaches. Behavioral assessment questions have been included. Between 18 and 39% of children and teenagers acknowledge that something happens to influence their headache either the day before, or the day of the headache. Some of the more frequent antecedents included “an especially hard day at work/school/home,” skipping a meal, worrying a lot, and unexpected excitement or pressure. The older the child or adolescent, the more likely he/she acknowledged that an “unpleasant emotional situation” preceded the headache. Chocolate was the only food or beverage identified as a headache antecedent. Heat and sun glare were reported most frequently as weather concomitants of headache. Approximately 30% of the children and teenagers were concerned about headaches interfering with their activities, and between 22 and 46% wanted to control their headaches without medications. Our experience indicates that children who read can complete a computer‐based interview containing behavioral assessment questions, and that an appreciable number of children brought to medical attention for their headaches are receptive to behavioral therapies.
Mood and Migraine ‐ a Preliminary Prospective Study
Authors: Harvey P.G. , Hay K.M. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTen migraineurs assessed their moods daily for 30 consecutive days on both a general and a specific mood rating scale in a preliminary prospective study. Results from the eight subjects who successfully completed the task indicate an overall improvement in mood on pre‐headache days and a worsening on days when they had headaches. The mood change seemed to reflect both reduction in depression and increasing general alertness.
Treatment of Headache by Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Solomon Seymour , Guglielmo Karen M. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTranscutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) has been used extensively for many types of pain but only rarely for headache. The object of this study was to judge the efficacy of TENS against placebo. Contrary to popular use, TENS (and placebo) were applied in a rigid manner, probably prejudicial to maximum effectiveness.62 patients with migraine or muscle contraction headache, or both, were studied using TENS equipment of low amperage and high frequency. One of three modalities was chosen at random for each patient: TENS just above the patient's ability to perceive the stimuli (perceived stimuli), TENS just below the perception threshold (subliminal stimuli), and electrodes applied without electrical stimulation (placebo). Degree of improvement was judged by the patient using a scale of pain from 1 to 10. Following treatment with TENS perceived by the patient, 55% of patients noted improvement as compared to 18% after application of placebo; a significant difference (p < .025 chi‐square test). Subliminal TENS was not statistically better than placebo.
A Distinctive Facial Thermographic Pattern in Cluster Headache the “Chai” Sign
Authors: Kudrow Lee 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTo ascertain the diagnostic value of thermography in cluster headache, a large group of cluster patients was studied and compared to non‐cluster headache groups, The latter groups included classical, hemiplegic and common migraine. Unexpectedly, a distinctive thermographic pattern pathognomic of cluster headache was revealed.An asymmetric ipsilaterally decreased supraorbital temperature distribution was found in 67% to 75% of patients with cluster headache, classical migraine and hemiplegic migraine. This finding occurred with significantly less frequency in the common migraine group.Thirty‐two out of 130 (25%) of cluster patients and eight out of 58 (14%) of classical and hemiplegic migraine groups displayed a specific facial temperature pattern best described as a “chai” pattern, the Hebrew word for “life.” Doppler blood flow velocity examination confirmed the vascular nature of this pattern as formed by supraorbital and superficial temporal arteries and their anastomotic vessels. The chai pattern was not evident in any of the 462 common migraine patients.The chai pattern was designated a “chai” sign when occurring contralaterally, and as such, was found to occur with significantly greater frequency in the cluster headache group when compared to the combined classical and hemiplegic migraine groups.
Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction in Common Migraine
Authors: Rubin Leonard S. , Graham Dennis , Pasker Roy , Calhoun William 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISCommon migraine has been related to both dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (A.N.S.) in the regulation of cerebral vasomotor tonicity and to neurotic and depressive tendencies. In the present study 86 normal healthy controls and 50 patients with common migraine were studied in order to determine whether tonic or phasic central autonomic nervous system dysfunction was concomitant with migraine during a headache‐free, medication‐free interval. pupillometry was employed to measure relevant parameters of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity at rest and during the cold pressor test. Concomitantly, measurements of neuroticism, anxiety and depression were also obtained.Migraineurs were not identifiably different from controls with respect to tonic sympathetic or parasympathetic activity nor were they distinguishable on measures of supranuclear inhibition. However, 70% of migraineurs manifested phasic hyposympathetic activity in response to the cold pressor test. These migraineurs also demonstrated more neurotic and depressive tendencies. The physiological dysfunction was shown to differentiate the groups of migraineurs after personality variables were statistically controlled by a covariance multiple regression analysis.Results of the study are discussed in relationship to cerebral blood flow and permeability of the cerebral vasculature.
Clomipramine and Metoprolol in Migraine Prophylaxis — A Double‐blind Crossover Study
Authors: Langohr H.D. , Gerber W.D. , Koletzki E. , Mayer K. , Schroth G. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISClomipramine, metoprolol, or placebo was administered to 36 migraine patients in a double‐blind crossover study. The patients were randomly assigned to one of the following five treatment groups: group 1 (clomipramine followed by placebo), group 2 (placebo followed by clomipramine), group 3 (metoprolol followed by placebo), group 4 (placebo followed by metoprolol), and group 5 (clomipramine followed by metoprolol). Dosage form was the same in all groups. The study de sign consisted of a 6‐week baseline period, administration of first drug for 4 weeks, a 4‐week washout period, administration of second drug for 4 weeks, and a 6‐week followup period. Headache variables such as attack frequency as well as headache intensity and duration were recorded daily in diaries. The data were evaluated by time series analysis (ARIMA). Only metoprolol significantly reduced attack frequency and headache duration. Adverse reactions to clomipramine were severe. Our results showed metoprolol to be an effective antimigraine drug.
Proquazone for Tension Headache‐A Multicenter Trial
Authors: DiSerio Frank J. , Friedman Arnold P. , Parno Jeffrey , Singer Jack M. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe efficacy and safety of proquazone 150 mg and proquazone 75 mg was compared to placebo in a double‐blind, randomized, parallel, multi‐investigator study in the acute treatment of muscle contraction (tension) headache.Of the 122 patients entered into the study, 5 were subsequently discontinued, and 117 patients (39 in each of the three treatment groups) were included in the efficacy analyses.The effects of proquazone 150 mg on all of the symptoms associated with the muscle contraction (tension) headache symptom complex, namely pain, psychic tension and muscle stiffness of the head, neck and shoulders, were significantly superior to both proquazone 75 mg and placebo. These results were consistent using both a patient self‐rating form and a physician's global evaluation of patient response to study medication. For the pain parameters, proquazone 75 mg also showed significant superiority to placebo indicating a dose related clinical effect of proquazone. Only four patients reported transient adverse effects after taking the study medication, which were considered to be mild in nature, and none required therapeutic intervention.
Cluster Headache in a Patient Without an Ipsilateral Eye
Authors: Prusinski Antoni , Liberski Pawel R , Szulc‐Kuberska Janina 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTypical cluster headaches occurred in a patient who had had the ipsilateral eye removed eighteen years previously. This case, and similar ones in the literature, eliminate the eye as an important link in the pathogenesis of cluster headache.
Effectiveness of Methysergide in Relation to Clinical Features of Migraine
Authors: Drummond P.D. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISClinical data collected during a comparative trial of serotonin antagonists1 was reanalysed to determine whether particular migrainous features were associated with a good response to methysergide. Patients with the fewest number of headache days per month and those with symptoms of cerebral disturbance before or during migraine had the best outcome.
Headache in the Rural Village of Quiroga, Ecuador
Authors: Sachs Howard , Sevilla Francisco , Barberis Patricia , Bolls Liana , Schoenberg Bruce , Cruz Marcelo 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISEpidemiologic studies on headache among the Mestizo population in the rural village of Quiroga, Ecuador, was carried out as part of a neuroepidemiologic project under sponsorship of the World Health Organization. The distribution and prevalence of headache according to age and sex taken from a sample of 1113 persons is reported. Of the total number of headache sufferers, 35% gave a history of only occasional headache; these were equally divided among males and females. The remainder or 65% regarded their headaches as severe or disabling; 81% were female. Of these, 43% described migrainous headaches. Among the males the headache classification was 77% tension‐type and 23% migrainous. The overall prevalence of migraine (both common and classical) was 11/1000 for males and 61.5/1000 for females. In a preliminary investigation of the association of headache and depression, 63% of 19 female sufferers scored clearly in the depressed range.
Headache as the Leading Symptom of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Authors: Raskin Neil H. , Howard Mark W. , Ehrenfeld William K. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISIntractable headache is a common presenting symptom of the thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). We followed thirty patients for at least six months after transaxillary first rib resection. Prior to surgery, twenty‐six reported recurring headache before the appearance of neck and shoulder pain; headache was lateralized in 21 and continual in 14. In 11, intensification of TOS symptoms accompanied headache. After surgery, 11 previously disabled patients returned to work; 13 became head‐ache‐free. Eleven others reported benefit from vaso‐active drugs that had been ineffective pre‐operatively.
Are Classical and Common Migraine Different Entities?
Authors: Wilkinson Marcia , Blau J.N. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISClassical migraine has been described as a familial disorder characterized by recurrent; attacks of headache widely variable in intensity, frequency and duration.1 Attacks are commonly unilateral and are usually associated with anorexia, nausea and vomiting. In classical migraine the headache is preceded or accompanied by transient focal neurological phenomena e.g. visual, sensory or speech disturbances. Nonclassical or common migraine is not associated with sharply defined focal neurological disturbances and occurs more frequently.Are these two conditions the same or do they differ in some fundamental way? The evidence for and against their being a single entity is discussed. The conclusion reached is that common and classical migraine are probably different aspects of the same disorder.
The Efficacy and Cost‐effectiveness of Minimal‐therapist‐contact, Non‐drug Treatments of Chronic Migraine and Tension Headache
Authors: Blanchard Edward B. , Andrasik Frank , Appelbaum Kenneth A. , Evans Donald D. , Jurish Susan E. , Teders Steven J. , Rodichok Lawrence D. , Barron Kevin D. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTwo studies, one involving 53 tension headache patients and the other involving 87 vascular (both migraine and combined migraine and tension headaches) headache patients, are presented in which a largely home‐based, self‐administered non‐drug treatment for headache was compared to a comparable clinic‐based, therapist‐administered treatment regimen. The home‐based treatment programs were equal in effectiveness to the clinic‐based programs and significantly more cost effective for both types of headache patients.
Maprotiline in Chronic Tension Headache: a Double‐blind Cross‐over Study
Authors: Fogelholm R. , Murros K. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISIn a double‐blind cross‐over study maprotiline was compared with placebo in the treatment of chronic tension headache in 30 women aged 16 to 52 years with a history of headache for 1.5 to 20 years. The treatment periods were 6 weeks long and the daily dose of maprotiline increased in two weeks from 25 mg to 75 mg nocte. The effects of the treatment ware measured by visual linear analogue scale, verbal rating scale, number of days without headache, number of days needing additional analgesics, and the patients' global impression of the treatment periods. In all these parameters maprotiline was superior to placebo and the difference was statistically highly significant. Beck Depression Inventory scores improved slightly during both placebo and maprotiline but the improvements wars without statistical significance. Patients not or only slightly depressed according to BDI responded better to maprotiline than those more severely depressed. Side‐effects ware frequent but mild and did not necessitate stopping the treatment.The results suggest that maprotiline is effective and useful in the treatment of chronic tension headache.
Trigeminal Cistern Glycerol Injections for Facial Pain
Authors: Waltz Thomas A. , Dalessio Donald J. , Ott Kenneth H. , Copeland Brian , Abbott Gaye 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe treatment of paroxysmal facial pain is often easily accomplished. At times, however, the converse occurs; the pain becomes more refractory, and unresponsive to therapy. This is especially the case when trigeminal neuralgia, cluster headache, and atypical facial pain become chronic. This report will summarize our experience with injection of glycerol into the region of the trigeminal cistern for intractable facial pain in 71 patients; 58 with trigeminal neuralgia, 5 with chronic cluster headache, and 8 with atypical facial pain.
Biofeedback Behavioral Treatment of Headache With Locus of Control Pain Analysis: a 20‐month Retrospective Study
Authors: Hudzinski Leonard G. , Levenson Hanna 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISMuscle contraction headache is associated with sustained contraction of skeletal muscles. Approximately 80 percent of headache sufferers have this form of headache. Behavioral approaches offer a powerful treatment alternative to the use of medication. Studies on the long‐term outcome of effectiveness of biofeedback‐behavioral programs, however, are scarce. The purposes of this paper were twofold: to assess through a survey method long‐term patient progress on headache control 20 months after a specific biofeedback‐behavioral program; and to examine how a personality variable (i.e., expectations of control) might be related to success in headache self‐regulation. Specifically it was hypothesized that patients with an internal locus of control would be more likely to exercise self‐control and rate the biofeedback‐behavioral program higher than externally oriented individuals. A self‐re‐port evaluation questionnaire inquired into the patient's perception of the headache program's effectiveness and the consequent increase or decrease of headache activity. A pain locus of control scale was used as a means to assess the personality variable theses.Of 114 potential subjects contacted, 74 (65%) completed questionnaires for this study. Most 82% of these chronic patients achieved and maintained a significant decrease in overall headache intensity, severity, and duration 20 months after biofeedback‐behavioral treatment. Of variables analyzed, sex, number of sessions attended, age at time of treatment program participation, and locus of control were found significant in influencing the effectiveness of training in reducing headache activity. Chronic patients benefiting most were under 40 years of age and had an internal locus of control. We concluded biofeedback behavioral training is an effective form of therapy in treating chronic muscle contraction headache. The pain locus of control scale appears useful for predicting and possibly selecting patients most likely to succeed in biofeedback‐behavioral headache treatment programs.
Cluster Headache and the Nervus Intermedius
Authors: Solomon Seymour 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe nervus intermedius (NI) appears to be the main conduit of cluster headache (CH). Parasympatheticimpulses via the NI account for the associated symptoms of ipsilateral tearing and redness of the eye,congestion of the nose and rhinorrhea. Vasodilatory stimuli to the internal carotid artery may result inpartial Horner's syndrome and set off a cascade of events causing pain, similar to the changes in theexternal carotid arterial tree during migraine. The pain of CH may also be carried by afferent impulsesaccompanying motor fibers of the deep facial muscles.The central nervous system (CNS) mechanisms responsible for the circannual recurrence of CH may beexcitatory with parasympathetic impulses channeled through the NI. Conversely, inhibitory CNSmechanisms may be invoked to explain long remissions, if CH were to be due to hypersensitivity of the NIas caused by the subtle injury of a cross compressing blood vessel.
Migraine Prophylaxis with Salmon Calcitonin: a Cross‐over Double‐blind, Placebo‐controlled Study
Authors: Gennari Carlo , Chierichetti M. Silvio , Gonnelli Stefano , Vibelli Claudio , Montagnani Mario , Piolini Marco 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTen women with histories of migraine attacks and with diagnosis of classic or common migraineconcluded a double‐blind, placebo controlled, cross‐over study to assess the effectiveness of syntheticsalmon calcitonin 100 MRC U. i.m. a day in preventing migraine attacks. After a two‐month run‐in phase thewomen were randomly allocated to one of the following two‐month sequences: placebo‐calcitonin orcalcitonin‐placebo. The patients filled in every day a standard card with number, duration and severity ofattacks. The mean migraine frequency per month on calcitonin was 3.7±0.7 (s.e.m.) and on placebo 7.7±1.3(r<0.01). The ratio of total score of headache intensity to the number of days of observation on calcitoninwas 0.18±0.03 and on placebo was 0.30±0.04 (r<0.01). It is concluded that calcitonin is effective forprophylactic treatment of migraine and should be useful when other first‐choice treatments arecontraindicated.
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAEPs) in Cluster Headache (CH): New Aspects for a Central Theory
Authors: Bussone G. , Sinatra M.G. , Boiardi A. , Frediani F. , Mantia L. La , Lamperti E. , Peccarisi C. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSIS16 patients suffering from cluster headache (CH) were studied by recording brainstem auditory evoked potentials(BAEPs). Some subjects underwent examination in a pain‐free period, some others during an acute attack, andothers during treatment with lithium.All the data were compared with the BAEPs records of 16 normal control subjects. CH patients showed anasymmetrical interaural pattern, both in the basal condition and in a pain period, greater than the asymmetryoccurring in normal subjects.These specific neurophysiological findings may be evidence for suggesting a central pathogenesis of CH.
Nonpharmacological Treatment of Menstrual Headache: Relaxation‐Biofeedback Behavior Therapy and Person‐Centered Insight Therapy
Authors: Szekely Barbara , Botwin David , Eidelman Benjamin H. , Becker Margaret , Elman Nancy , Schemm Robert 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISSixty percent of female headache sufferers have an increase paramenstrually. Although behavioraltreatment of migraine and tension headache has proven effective in controlled studies, the effect onparamenstrual increases has rarely been isolated and observed. The purpose of this study was todemonstrate the effects of two types of nonpharmacological treatment on menstrual headache: 1)relaxation with EMG and thermal biofeedback, and 2) person‐centered insight therapy, as an alternativetreatment control. The design was that of the time series method. Diagnosis was made into subtypes ofmigraine, muscle‐contraction, mixed and cluster headache. 16 women with paramenstrual headaches selfmonitored 4 times daily for a 2‐cycle baseline, then were matched on pre‐treatment pain levels into 8 pairsand randomly assigned to treatment, 12 sessions carried out over 3 cycles, with a one‐month follow‐upcycle. Post‐treatment group data analysis was by three‐way analysis of variance with 2 repeatedmeasures. There were no significant main effects of group or time, although individual clinical analysis bypercent improvement demonstrated a trend of greater improvement in the behavioral group. Resultssuggest that nonpharmacological treatment has a lesser impact on menstrually associated headachesthan on headaches not associated with menstruation.
Headache Clinics: Their Role in Health Care Systems and Science
Authors: Rose F. Clifford 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThere is often opposition to the establishment of special clinics. In spite of this, the last fifty years hasseen a gradual increase in the number of clinics serving specifically patients with headaches. While thereare wide variations, there can be little doubt that they provide the basic clinical material for research andwill, by the accumulating experience and expertise, best serve to help patients with headache disorders.