bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning with fetal ECG recognition
Authors: Zhong Wei , Luo Jiahui , Du Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective. Independent component analysis (ICA) is widely used in the extraction of fetal ECG (FECG). However, the amplitude, order, and positive or negative values of the ICA results are uncertain. The main objective is to present a novel approach to FECG recognition by using a deep learning strategy. Approach. A cross-domain consistent convolutional neural network (CDC-Net) is developed for the task of FECG recognition. The output of the ICA algorithm is used as input to the CDC-Net and the CDC-Net identifies which channel’s signal is the target FECG. Main results. Signals from two databases are used to test the efficiency of the proposed method. The proposed deep learning method exhibits good performance on FECG recognition. Specifically, the Precision, Recall and F1-score of the proposed method on the ADFECGDB database are 91.69%, 91.37% and 91.52%, respectively. The Precision, Recall and F1-score of the proposed method on the Daisy database are 97.85%, 97.42% and 97.63%, respectively. Significance. This study is a proof of concept that the proposed method can automatically recognize the FECG signals in multi-channel ECG data. The development of FECG recognition technology contributes to automated FECG monitoring.
Josephson junction oscillator embedded in the microcontroller: Pseudo-random number generation and combination synchronization
Authors: Sriram Gokulakrishnan , Awilo Petros , Donald Dongmo Eric , Kilari Naveen , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Kingni Sifeu Takougang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dynamical scrutiny of the resistive capacitive inductive shunted Josephson junction (JJ) oscillator (RCLSJJO), microcontroller realization, pseudo-random number generation (PRNG) and combination synchronization are achieved in this paper. Numerical probing led to the establishment that the RCLSJJO is characterized by regular behaviors, bistable periodic-2-oscillations, periodic bursting characteristics and various shapes of chaotic dynamics. Thereafter, the vast dynamical characteristics obtained theoretically are realized by the microcontroller realization with qualitative agreements. Moreover, a chaos-based PRNG is designed by using chaotic RCLSJJO and linear feedback shift register (LFSR) as post-processing unit. Satisfactory results are obtained from the NIST 800–22 test suite and the randomness of binary data generated from the proposed RCLSJJO-based PRNG is confirmed for chaos-based digital applications. Lastly, the combination chaos synchronization of two drive and one response RCLSJJO is proven thanks to the theoretical analysis.
Spin wave resonance frequency in ferromagnetic thin film with the biquadratic exchange interaction
Authors: Zhang Xiaojie , Rong Jianhong , Wang Huan , Wang Yuting 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Spin wave resonance (SWR) frequency in ferromagnetic thin film with the biquadratic exchange interaction, interlayer exchange coupling, film thickness, surface anisotropy field, and the external magnetic field has been investigated by using the linear spin-wave approximation and Green’s function techniques. In comparison to previous studies without considering the biquadratic exchange interaction, the SWR frequency behaviors of the energetically mid-higher modes were found to be highly sensitive to biquadratic exchange interaction. SWR frequencies of all modes are linearly proportional to external magnetic field. However, the SWR frequency has nonlinear dependence on the interlayer exchange coupling and surface anisotropy field. Moreover, the biquadratic exchange interaction enabled a considerable improvement in the effects of surface anisotropy field, interlayer exchange coupling, and external magnetic field on SWR frequency. Our results also reveal that a decrease in the SWR frequency of the corresponding mid-lower modes as the thickness of film is increased while the almost the same frequency gap between the energetically highest mode and lowest mode is obtained for the thicker film. These results could help improve the understanding of magnetic properties and promote magnetic materials applications in spintronic devices.
Growth of self-aligned ZnO nanorods by hydrothermal process
Authors: Al-Rasheedi Asmaa , Khammar M , Abdel-Daiem A M , Aida M S , Abdel-wahab Mohamed Sh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present paper discuss the growth mechanisms of ZnO nanorods thin-films using the hydrothermal process. This was achieved on a ZnO seed layer prepared by sputtering and spray pyrolysis. ZnO nanorods were prepared using various precursors, including zinc nitrate [Zn(NO3)2.6H2O], zinc chloride [ZnCl2], and zinc acetate [Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O, to investigate the effect of salt source. The morphological and structural properties of ZnO NRs were investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The deposited film consist of highly oriented crystalline ZnO NRs along the [002] axis. We found that the seed layer preparation method alters the nanorods alignment. SEM observation revealed that, regardless of the seed layer preparation method, the nature of salt source play a key role in the nanorods size. We concluded that the ZnO nanorods diameter increases in the following order with respect to zinc salt source: ZnAc <zinc nitride <zinc chloride. The mechanism of of ZnO nanorods formation is correlated with bath solution viscosity and surface tension properties. We emphasized that, in a solution with a larger viscosity and surface tension, such as zinc chloride, the motion and transfer towards the substrate, of species participating in ZnO formation, is hindered by the friction force due to the viscosity. When using a solution with lower viscosity and surface tension, such as zinc acetate, the species forming the ZnO nanorods can easily reach the substrate, which leads to a larger nucleation center, yielding low-diameter ZnO nanorods.
JCAP 20th anniversary special issue: editorial
Authors: Mukhanov Viatcheslav , Verde Licia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On the occasion of its 20th anniversary JCAP, the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle
Physics, presents this special issue including a selection of original research articles authored
by distinguished scientists, many of whom are part of the JCAP Editorial Board. This collection
provides a snapshot of the current status of the field and represents the state of the art in our
understanding of the universe on its largest scales through all its messengers. Being “a journal
by scientists for scientists”, JCAP is community driven: its aims and scope evolve over time to
adapt to changing research trends and is committed to serve the evolving publishing needs of its
community with the same dedication and passion of the past two decades for the years to come.
Orbital precession and hidden symmetries in scalar-tensor theories
Authors: Davis Anne-Christine , Melville Scott 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We revisit the connection between relativistic orbital precession, the Laplace-Runge-Lenz
symmetry, and the t-channel discontinuity of scattering amplitudes. Applying this to
scalar-tensor theories of gravity, we compute the conservative potential and orbital precession
induced by both conformal/disformal-type couplings at second Post-Minkowskian order (𝒪(GN

2)), complementing the known third/first order Post-Newtonian results. There
is a particular tuning of the conformal coupling for which the precession vanishes at leading PN
order, and we show that this coincides with the emergence of a Laplace-Runge-Lenz symmetry and a
corresponding soft behaviour of the amplitude. While a single scalar field inevitably breaks this
symmetry at higher PN orders, certain supersymmetric extensions have recently been shown to have
an exact Laplace-Runge-Lenz symmetry and therefore classical orbits do not precess at any PN
order. This symmetry can be used to relate scattering amplitudes at different loop orders, and we
show how this may be used to bootstrap the (classically relevant part of the) three-loop 2 → 2
scattering of charged black holes in 𝒩 = 8 supergravity from existing two-loop
calculations.
Constraints on thermalizing surfaces from infrared observations of supermassive black holes
Authors: Carballo-Rubio Raúl , Filippo Francesco Di , Liberati Stefano , Visser Matt 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Infrared observations of Sgr A* and M87* are incompatible with the assumption that these sources have physical surfaces in thermal equilibrium with their accreting environments. In this paper we discuss a general parametrization of the energy balance in a horizonless object, which permits to quantify how close a horizonless object is in its behavior to a black hole, and analyze the timescale in which its surface can thermalize. We show that the thermalization timescale is unbounded, growing large for objects that mimic closely the behavior of a black hole (and being infinite for the latter). In particular, the thermalization timescale is proportional to the time that energy spends inside the horizonless object due to propagation and interactions with the bulk. Hence, these observations can be used to quantitatively restrict the dynamical behavior of horizonless objects, without being able to discard the existence of a physical surface.
Constraining cosmology with the Gaia-unWISE Quasar Catalog and CMB lensing: structure growth
Authors: Alonso David , Fabbian Giulio , Storey-Fisher Kate , Eilers Anna-Christina , García-García Carlos , Hogg David W. , Rix Hans-Walter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study the angular clustering of Quaia, aGaia- andunWISE-based catalog of over a million quasars with an exceptionally well-defined selection function. With it, we derive cosmology constraints from the amplitude and growth of structure across cosmic time. We divide the sample into two redshift bins, centered atz= 1.0 andz= 2.1, and measure both overdensity auto-correlations and cross-correlations with maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background convergence measured byPlanck. From these data, and including a prior from measurements of the baryon acoustic oscillations scale, we place constraints on the amplitude of the matter power spectrum σ8= 0.766 ± 0.034, and on the matter density parameter Ωm= 0.343+0.017-0.019. These measurements are in reasonable agreement withPlanckat the ∼ 1.4σlevel, and are found to be robust with respect to observational and theoretical uncertainties. We find that our slightly lower value ofσ8is driven by the higher-redshift sample, which favours a low amplitude of matter fluctuations. We present plausible arguments showing that this could be driven by contamination of the CMB lensing map by high-redshift extragalactic foregrounds, which should also affect other cross-correlations with tracers of large-scale structure beyondz∼ 1.5. Our constraints are competitive with those from state-of-the-art 3×2-point analyses, but arise from a range of scales and redshifts that is highly complementary to those covered by cosmic shear data and most galaxy clustering samples. This, coupled with the unprecedented combination of volume and redshift precision achieved by Quaia, allows us to break the usual degeneracy between Ωmandσ8.
3D correlations in the Lyman-α forest from early DESI data
Authors: Gordon C. , Cuceu A. , Chaves-Montero J. , Font-Ribera A. , González-Morales A.X. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Armengaud E. , Bailey S. , Bault A. , Brodzeller A. , Brooks D. , Claybaugh T. , de la Cruz R. , Dawson K. , Doel P. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Guy J. , Herrera-Alcantar H.K. , Iršič V. , Karaçaylı N.G. , Kirkby D. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Levi M.E. , de la Macorra A. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Montero-Camacho P. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Napolitano L. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Pieri M. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Pérez-Ràfols I. , Ramírez-Pérez C. , Ravoux C. , Rezaie M. , Ross A.J. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Seo H. , Sinigaglia F. , Tan T. , Tarlé G. , Walther M. , Weaver B.A. , Yèche C. , Zhou Z. , Zou H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present the first measurements of Lyman-α (Lyα) forest correlations using early data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). We measure the auto-correlation of Lyα absorption using 88 509 quasars at z > 2, and its cross-correlation with quasars using a further 147 899 tracer quasars at z ≳ 1.77. Then, we fit these correlations using a 13-parameter model based on linear perturbation theory and find that it provides a good description of the data across a broad range of scales. We detect the BAO peak with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.8σ, and show that our measurements of the auto- and cross-correlations are fully-consistent with previous measurements by the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS).
Even though we only use here a small fraction of the final DESI dataset, our uncertainties are only a factor of 1.7 larger than those from the final eBOSS measurement. We validate the existing analysis methods of Lyα correlations in preparation for making a robust measurement of the BAO scale with the first year of DESI data.
Thermal quench induced by a composite pellet-produced plasmoid
Authors: Aleynikov Pavel , Arnold Alistair M. , Breizman Boris N. , Helander Per , Runov Aleksey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Injecting shattered pellets is the critical concept of the envisaged ITER disruption mitigation system (DMS). Rapid deposition of large amounts of material should presumably result in controlled cooling of the entire plasma. A considerable transfer of thermal energy from the electrons of the background plasma to the ions accompanies a localized material injection due to the ambipolar expansion along the magnetic field line of the cold and dense plasmoid produced by the ablated pellet. Radiation initially plays the dominant role in the energy balance of a composite plasmoid containing high-Z impurities. A competition between the ambipolar expansion and the radiative losses defines the Thermal Quench scenario, including the amount of pre-quench thermal energy radiated on a short collisional timescale—possibly detrimental for the plasma-facing components. The present work quantifies plasmoid energy balance for disruption mitigation parameters. For pure hydrogen injection, up to 90% of the pre-pellet electron thermal energy may go to the newly injected ions. We also demonstrate that a moderate high-Z impurity content within the plasmoid can reduce highly localized radiation at the beginning of the expansion. The thermal energy will then dissipate on the much longer ion collisional timescale, which would be attractive for ITER DMS.
Data analytics improves the diagnostic accuracy of serum free light chain results for detecting monoclonal gammopathy
Authors: Treger Rebecca S , Mathias Patrick C , Cowan Andrew J , Green Damian , Hutchinson Kathleen , Bryan Andrew , Chaudhary Anu , Fink Susan L , Wener Mark H , Morishima Chihiro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the real-world performance and reference intervals of the Binding Site Freelite serum free light chain (SFLC) assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific), a global standard for diagnosis, prognostication, and response assessment for monoclonal gammopathies.

Methods
An informatics-based approach was used to retrospectively evaluate concordance between SFLC and the orthogonal Sebia HYDRASYS immunofixation assay results in a large clinical data set consecutively reported between 2010 and 2020.

Results
Among patients with monoclonal-negative results by both SFLC and Sebia HYDRASYS immunofixation assays, 25% (1226/5057) had κ/λ ratios (KLRs) outside the manufacturer-defined and International Myeloma Working Group–cited normal reference interval of 0.26 to 1.65. These results were consistent over the study period and were not affected by sex, age, impaired kidney function, or assay antisera lot variation. Assay drift, in addition to other potential factors, affected the KLR distribution. Using International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes, kidney function data, and the central 95% of KLR values generated on the Optilite platform (Thermo Fisher Scientific), we derived a new reference interval of 0.67 to 2.13, reducing the KLR false-positive rate to 8%. However, normal KLR persisted among 16% (14/85) of samples with free λ chains by immunofixation, warranting caution during interpretation.

Conclusions
Our analysis indicated that revision of Freelite SFLC reference intervals improves assay interpretation and should prompt reconsideration of Freelite reference intervals worldwide.
Applicability of the cobas 6800 System for Epstein-Barr viral load quantitation using whole-blood specimens
Authors: Song Junhyup , Kim Sinyoung , Kwak Eunmin , Park Younhee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the cobas 6800 System (Roche Diagnostics) and assess the feasibility of using whole-blood specimens instead of plasma.

Methods
The analytical performance of the cobas EBV test (Roche Diagnostics) was evaluated. Thereafter, 120 clinical samples were collected to compare the cobas EBV test and the artus EBV RG PCR Kit (Qiagen). The results of the cobas EBV test conducted using paired plasma as well as 5× and 10× diluted whole-blood specimens were compared with those of the artus EBV RG PCR Kit performed using whole blood.

Results
The precision of the cobas EBV test was acceptable, and its linearity was confirmed to be within the range of 2.85 to 6.89 log IU/mL. Cross-reactivity was not observed. The best qualitative agreement (Cohen κ = 0.733) was observed using 5× diluted whole blood; the best quantitative correlation (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.6865) was observed using 10× diluted whole blood.

Conclusions
A significant discrepancy was observed in the results obtained from the 2 assays because of the different specimens used. We observed, however, that diluting whole blood before conducting the cobas EBV test effectively resolved polymerase chain reaction inhibition and viscosity issues, leading to an acceptable correlation with the results from the artus EBV RG PCR Kit conducted using whole blood.
Selection Bias Requires Selection: The Case of Collider Stratification Bias
Authors: Lu Haidong , Gonsalves Gregg S , Westreich Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In epidemiology, collider stratification bias, the bias resulting from conditioning on a common effect of two causes, is oftentimes considered a type of selection bias, regardless of the conditioning methods employed. In this commentary, we distinguish between two types of collider stratification bias: collider restriction bias due to restricting to one level of a collider (or a descendant of a collider) and collider adjustment bias through inclusion of a collider (or a descendant of a collider) in a regression model. We argue that categorizing collider adjustment bias as a form of selection bias may lead to semantic confusion, as adjustment for a collider in a regression model does not involve selecting a sample for analysis. Instead, we propose that collider adjustment bias can be better viewed as a type of overadjustment bias. We further provide two distinct causal diagram structures to distinguish collider restriction bias and collider adjustment bias. We hope that such a terminological distinction can facilitate easier and clearer communication.
‘Robocops’ in the Making: Reframing Police–Citizen Interactions Through the Lens of Body-Worn Cameras
Authors: Campeau Holly , Keesman Laura D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper examines new meanings that police–citizen interactions take on when officers make sense of them through the lens of body-worn cameras (BWCs). Drawing on 30 interviews with frontline police officers in a large Canadian city, we analyse the embodied character of BWCs to show how officers reframe their role and the subtleties of their approach in dealing with the public as more robotic. First, the participants believe BWCs curb their ability to build rapport with citizens, and therefore dehumanize interactions. Second, they report a need to operate more mechanically to follow protocol for case-building and use-of-force. Still, 100 per cent of participants remain in favour of BWC use—in an era of high visibility and pressure for accountability, video recording technology offers protection.
Early-stage clinical evaluation of real-time artificial intelligence assistance for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Mascagni Pietro , Alapatt Deepak , Lapergola Alfonso , Vardazaryan Armine , Mazellier Jean-Paul , Dallemagne Bernard , Mutter Didier , Padoy Nicolas 
Published: November 2023

Lay Summary
The growing availability of surgical digital data and developments in analytics such as artificial intelligence (AI) are being harnessed to improve surgical care. However, technical and cultural barriers to real-time intraoperative AI assistance exist. This early-stage clinical evaluation shows the technical feasibility of concurrently deploying several AIs in operating rooms for real-time assistance during procedures. In addition, potentially relevant clinical applications of these AI models are explored with a multidisciplinary cohort of key stakeholders.
Racialized Subjects in Transit in Post-9/11 America: Salwa and Jassim’s Perpetual Quest for Belonging in Laila Halaby’sOnce in a Promised Land
Authors: Lamghari Rachid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on the identity construction of Arab Americans in the post-9/11 moment in Laila Halaby’s Once in a Promised Land. Drawing on postcolonial feminism and intersectionality, the article examines the cumulative ways in which race, gender, religion, and class intersect to determine the experiences of the characters Salwa and Jassim and their perpetual quest for belonging, which is further problematized by the ambiguity of Arabs in American ethno-racial discourses. A neo-orientalist discourse came to the surface after the 9/11 attacks, to justify discriminatory treatment of Arabs and denial of their heterogeneity—labeling them instead as if identical. Its manifestation is illustrated in the transformation of the lives of Salwa and Jassim when they fall under suspicion after the attacks.
The Set of Destabilizing Curves for Deformed Hermitian Yang–Mills and Z-Critical Equations on Surfaces
Authors: Khalid Sohaib , Sjöström Dyrefelt Zakarias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe show that on any compact Kähler surface existence of solutions to the Z-critical equation can be characterized using a finite number of effective conditions, where the number of conditions is bounded above by the Picard number of the surface. This leads to a first PDE analogue of the locally finite wall-chamber decomposition in Bridgeland stability. As an application we characterize optimally destabilizing curves for Donaldson’s J-equation and the deformed Hermitian Yang–Mills equation, prove a non-existence result for optimally destabilizing test configurations for uniform J-stability, and remark on improvements to convergence results for certain geometric flows.