bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Financial Services in the Transition to a Sustainable Economy
Authors: Svoboda Andreas 
Published: December 2023

The financial services industry plays a critical role in the transition to a sustainable economy. Financial institutions can allocate resources to more environmentally friendly endeavors, manage long-term sustainability risks, and provide financing for sustainable projects.
One way that financial institutions can support the transition to a sustainable economy is by allocating capital to more environmentally friendly investments. This could include investing in renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and green buildings. Financial institutions can also help to manage long-term sustainability risks by developing and implementing climate risk management frameworks. This will help to protect investors and financial markets from the potential financial impacts of climate change.
Finally, financial institutions can provide financing for sustainable projects through a variety of mechanisms, such as green bonds and sustainable loans. This financing can help to accelerate the deployment of clean technologies and other sustainable solutions.
Clinical characteristics and mortality in all Czech patients after pacemaker implantation in the last decade
Authors: Táborský Miloš , Skála Tomáš , Dušek Ladislav , Kautzner Josef , Aiglová Renata , Fedorco Marián , Jarkovský Jiří , Benešová Klára , Májková Petra 
Published: December 2023

Background and aimsAnalysis of mortality from the national health registries and data from a specific central registry dealing with the implantation of pacemakers (REPACE) in Czech patients.Methods and resultsRetrospective observational analysis of pacemakers’ implantation in all Czech patients [n = 82,791; 47,070 (56.9%) men, 75.9 ± 10.4 years old] between 2010 and 2021. Almost 114,000 pacemakers were implanted between 2010 and 2021, of which 27.9% were single-chamber, 67.4% were dual-chamber and 4.6% were biventricular. The annual number of implantations has been steadily increasing with a 6% annual decline in 2020 with increased mortality and reductions in care provided, likely related to COVID-19. The observed 5-year relative survival was 88.6% (overall survival 60.6%) and the 10-year relative survival was 75.9% (overall survival 32.7%). Causes of death 5ary according to the age of the patient. The highest difference 1n the reported numbers in the REPACE Registry did not exceed 2% in comparison with the National Register of Reimbursed Health Services.ConclusionThis study followed all Czech patients with pacemaker’s implantation in between 2010 and 2021. The annual number of 1mplantations has been steadily 1ncreasing. Patients with implanted pacemakers had a significantly higher mortality than the average population. Number of patients in the registry corresponded almost perfectly with the National Register of Reimbursed Health Services.
Does artificial intelligence enhance physician interpretation of optical coherence tomography: insights from eye tracking
Authors: Cioffi Giacomo Maria , Pinilla-Echeverri Natalia , Sheth Tej , Sibbald Matthew Gary 
Published: December 2023

Background and objectivesThe adoption of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is limited by need for real-time image interpretation expertise. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted Ultreon™ 2.0 software could address this barrier. We used eye tracking to understand how these software changes impact viewing efficiency and accuracy.MethodsEighteen interventional cardiologists and fellows at McMaster University, Canada, were included in the study and categorized as experienced or inexperienced based on lifetime OCT use. They were tasked with reviewing OCT images from both Ultreon™ 2.0 and AptiVue™ software platforms while their eye movements were recorded. Key metrics, such as time to first fixation on the area of interest, total task time, dwell time (time spent on the area of interest as a proportion of total task time), and interpretation accuracy, were evaluated using a mixed multivariate model.ResultsPhysicians exhibited improved viewing efficiency with Ultreon™ 2.0, characterized by reduced time to first fixation (Ultreon™ 0.9 s vs. AptiVue™ 1.6 s, p = 0.007), reduced total task time (Ultreon™ 10.2 s vs. AptiVue™ 12.6 s, p = 0.006), and increased dwell time in the area of interest (Ultreon™ 58% vs. AptiVue™ 41%, p &lt; 0.001). These effects were similar for experienced and inexperienced physicians. Accuracy of OCT image interpretation was preserved in both groups, with experienced physicians outperforming inexperienced physicians.DiscussionOur study demonstrated that AI-enabled Ultreon™ 2.0 software can streamline the image interpretation process and improve viewing efficiency for both inexperienced and experienced physicians. Enhanced viewing efficiency implies reduced cognitive load potentially reducing the barriers for OCT adoption in PCI decision-making.
Myelodysplastic syndrome-like response after voriconazole treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with fungal infection: a case report
Authors: Xie Guang-Liang , Wang Xiao-Su , Hu Ling-Yan , Wang Yi , Gu Xiangchen , Xu Yan-Qiu 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundVoriconazole is mainly used to treat progressive and potentially life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. The adverse drug reactions related to voriconazole are varied. In some rare cases, the use of voriconazole can result in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-like adverse reactions.Case presentationHere, we present a rare case of systemic lupus erythematosus patient with a fungal infection that developed MDS-like adverse reactions after treatment with voriconazole. The patient was admitted to the hospital because of 3 days of chest tightness and dyspnea. After the admission, the patient’s sputum culture showed Candida albicans infection, and voriconazole was prescribed to be taken orally. After using voriconazole, drug-related adverse reactions such as visual impairment, nausea, vomiting, hiccup, middle and lower abdominal pain, disorders of consciousness, delirium, hallucination, slow response, and subcutaneous ecchymosis appeared, as well as the gradually increased serum creatinine, oliguria, and aggravated lower limb edema. In addition, there was a decrease in peripheral blood cells, and MDS-like changes in bone marrow were indicated by bone marrow biopsy. After discontinuing voriconazole, drug-related adverse symptoms disappeared, and hematocytopenia and the changes in MDS were significantly improved, which was confirmed by a subsequent bone marrow puncture at a 6 months interval.ConclusionThis case reminded us that when using voriconazole for treatment, individual differences in patients should be considered, and the blood concentration of voriconazole should be closely monitored. Otherwise, potential drugs that affect voriconazole metabolism should be noted, and related adverse symptoms of patients should be closely observed during medication to reduce the occurrence of adverse drug events.
Motor fiber function in spinal muscular atrophy—analysis of conduction velocity distribution
Authors: Koszewicz Magdalena , Ubysz Jakub , Dziadkowiak Edyta , Wieczorek Malgorzata , Budrewicz Slawomir 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThe motor neuron survival protein, which is deficient in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), performs numerous cellular functions. Currently, SMA is believed to be a multi-organ disease, including lesion of various structures of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Motor nerve damage, especially in milder SMA types, is controversial. This prompted the conduct of the electrophysiological studies in adults with SMA types 2 and 3 presented in this paper.MethodsThe study group consisted of 44 adult patients with SMA types 2 and 3. All patients underwent neurological examination with Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale-Expanded (HFMSE) assessment. Standard electrophysiological studies in the ulnar nerve and conduction velocity distribution (CVD) tests were performed in all patients and controls.ResultsA prolongation of the distal latency and lowering of the motor potential amplitude with no changes in CVD were found in the whole patient group. There were no dependencies on the number of gene copies. Patients with low HFSME value had slower standard conduction velocity, CVD in upper and median quartiles, and narrower CVD spread; in milder SMA, CVD spread was greater than in controls.InterpretationThe significant reduction in motor response amplitude in SMA seems to be primarily related to motor neuron loss and directly proportional to its severity. The coexisting rearrangement in the peripheral nerve structure is present in SMA, and this could be partially caused by a coexisting demyelinating process. Nerve remodeling mainly affects large fibers and occurs in more severe SMA types with significant disability.
Improving sentiment classification using a RoBERTa-based hybrid model
Authors: Semary Noura A. , Ahmed Wesam , Amin Khalid , Pławiak Paweł , Hammad Mohamed 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSeveral attempts have been made to enhance text-based sentiment analysis’s performance. The classifiers and word embedding models have been among the most prominent attempts. This work aims to develop a hybrid deep learning approach that combines the advantages of transformer models and sequence models with the elimination of sequence models’ shortcomings.MethodsIn this paper, we present a hybrid model based on the transformer model and deep learning models to enhance sentiment classification process. Robustly optimized BERT (RoBERTa) was selected for the representative vectors of the input sentences and the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model in conjunction with the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) model was used to improve the suggested model’s ability to comprehend the semantics and context of each input sentence. We tested the proposed model with two datasets with different topics. The first dataset is a Twitter review of US airlines and the second is the IMDb movie reviews dataset. We propose using word embeddings in conjunction with the SMOTE technique to overcome the challenge of imbalanced classes of the Twitter dataset.ResultsWith an accuracy of 96.28% on the IMDb reviews dataset and 94.2% on the Twitter reviews dataset, the hybrid model that has been suggested outperforms the standard methods.DiscussionIt is clear from these results that the proposed hybrid RoBERTa–(CNN+ LSTM) method is an effective model in sentiment classification.
The proteomic fingerprint in infants with single ventricle heart disease in the interstage period: evidence of chronic inflammation and widespread activation of biological networks
Authors: Thomson Lindsay M. , Mancuso Christopher A. , Wolfe Kelly R. , Khailova Ludmila , Niemiec Sierra , Ali Eiman , DiMaria Michael , Mitchell Max , Twite Mark , Morgan Gareth , Frank Benjamin S. , Davidson Jesse A. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionChildren with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) experience significant morbidity across systems and time, with 70% of patients experiencing acute kidney injury, 33% neurodevelopmental impairment, 14% growth failure, and 5.5% of patients suffering necrotizing enterocolitis. Proteomics is a method to identify new biomarkers and mechanisms of injury in complex physiologic states.MethodsInfants with SVHD in the interstage period were compared to similar-age healthy controls. Serum samples were collected, stored at −80°C, and run on a panel of 1,500 proteins in single batch analysis (Somalogic Inc., CO). Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare the proteomic profile of cases and controls and t-tests to detect differences in individual proteins (FDR &lt;0.05). Protein network analysis with functional enrichment was performed in STRING and Cytoscape.ResultsPLS-DA readily discriminated between SVHD cases (n = 33) and controls (n = 24) based on their proteomic pattern alone (Accuracy = 0.96, R2 = 0.97, Q2 = 0.80). 568 proteins differed between groups (FDR &lt;0.05). We identified 25 up-regulated functional clusters and 13 down-regulated. Active biological systems fell into six key groups: angiogenesis and cell proliferation/turnover, immune system activation and inflammation, altered metabolism, neural development, gastrointestinal system, and cardiac physiology and development.ConclusionsWe report a clear differentiation in the circulating proteome of patients with SVHD and healthy controls with &gt;500 circulating proteins distinguishing the groups. These proteomic data identify widespread protein dysregulation across multiple biologic systems with promising biological plausibility as drivers of SVHD morbidity.
Examining the associations between control (primary and secondary) appraisals and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in Malaysian and Australian trauma survivors
Authors: Reyneke Tamsyn , Lee Bryan , Li Haoxiang , Haque Shamsul , Abdullah Siti Zainab , Tan Britney Kerr Wen , Liddell Belinda , Jobson Laura 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundLittle research has considered the influence of culture on control appraisals in the context of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate whether cultural group moderated the relationship between control (primary and secondary) appraisals and PTSD symptoms in trauma survivors from Western (Australian) and Asian (Malaysian) cultural contexts.MethodsTrauma survivors (107 Australian with European cultural heritage; 121 Malaysian with Malay, Indian or Chinese cultural heritage) completed an online survey assessing PTSD symptoms and appraisals of control.ResultsCultural group moderated the association between primary control and PTSD symptoms; the positive association was significant for the Australian group but not the Malaysian group. While cultural group did not moderate the association between secondary control and PTSD symptoms, there was an indirect pathway between secondary control appraisals and PTSD symptoms through interdependent self-construal for both cultural groups.ConclusionThe findings indicate that cultural group and self-construal influence the associations between different types of control appraisals and PTSD. Further research exploring the role of culture and different appraisal types in PTSD is needed.
Structure and factorial invariance of a brief version of the Eating Attitudes Test in Peruvian university students
Authors: Ramos-Vera Cristian , Basauri-Delgado Miguel , Obregón Stefanny Huamán , Saintila Jacksaint 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundUniversity students often experience significant changes in their eating habits, which can increase the risk of developing eating disorders (ED). This situation calls for the creation of brief assessment tools to identify college students who may be most at risk. The aim of the study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Eating Attitudes Test-8 (EAT-8) in a Peruvian university population; additionally, the possible differences in the scores of the instrument according to sociodemographic variables, such as gender and age, were examined.MethodsA psychometric study was conducted on 610 participants (M = 24.3, SD = 2.16, and 61.5% female), aged 19 to 31 years, belonging to four universities of different professional careers.ResultsThe unidimensional eight-item model was found to have fit indices that confirm acceptable factorial validity (X2/df = 3.23, CFI = 0.984, TLI = 0.977, RMSEA = 0.061, SRMR = 0.049) and an internal consistency of 0.833 for the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and 0.838 for the McDonald's omega coefficient. In addition, the EAT-8 was reported to be invariant according to gender and age; likewise, there were no significant differences in the age and gender categories.ConclusionThe EAT-8 has solid psychometric properties, including validity, reliability, and invariance, in the Peruvian university population, which supports its ability to assess the risk of developing ED in this specific group.
Effects of auditory white noise stimulation on sustained attention and response time variability
Authors: Egeland Jens , Lund Olaf , Kowalik-Gran Iwona , Aarlien Anne Kristine , Söderlund Göran B. W. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction“The moderate brain arousal model” claims that white noise improves attention by optimizing brain arousal. We analyze Conners’ Continuous Performance Test-3 (CCPT-3) performance, expecting to find reduced reaction time variability with noise mediated by decrease under long event-rates and in later parts of the test, indicating that noise reverse fall in phasic and tonic arousal.MethodsSixty-five children with high or lower ADHD-symptoms from a child psychiatric unit, succeeded to complete the CCPT-3 with and without white noise.ResultsNoise reduced overall variability, improved performance in later parts of the test, and reduced response variability under the longest event rate particularly in the high symptoms group. No overall change in omissions and commissions, but the high symptoms group made fewer omissions during noise compared the low symptom group.DiscussionThe study indicates an arousal effect of noise but should be replicated with other noise variants and amplitudes to improve effect and compliance.
Exploring the typology of decision-makers, institutions, and incentives that shape health decisions in Pakistan and insulate decision makers from citizens feedback
Authors: Khan Adnan A. , Khan Romesa , Khawaja Zainab , Ibrahim Muhammad , Shaheen Zarnab , Khan Ayesha 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionIn developing countries such as Pakistan, program and policies underperform in providing public good as weak institutions lead to decisions that are unresponsive to citizens and are driven by personal motivations of the incumbents. We describe the decision-making processes in the health sector through the framework of “Public Choice” theory which posits how individual motives shape institutional performance and direction.MethodsWe conducted 84 qualitative interviews with five types of stakeholders: politicians, senior and mid-level bureaucrats, donors, public health experts and media personnel spanning 2 periods over a decade. The initial interviews were conducted during 2013–2015 period and a case study on decision-making during the COVID-19 response was added in 2020–2022 period.FindingsMost new ideas originate from top political leadership, guided by personal agendas or political expediency. Senior bureaucrats implement politicians’ agenda and mid-level officials maintain the status quo and follow established “authority.” Since officials’ performance, promotions, transfers, and the rare dismissals are based on tenure deviations rather than work performance, individuals and institutions are reluctant to take initiative without “consensus” among their colleagues often leading to inaction or delays that obviate initiative and reform. The public sector lacks institutional memory, formal information gathering, and citizen engagement, impacting public goods, health services, and policies. Media and donor personnel are important influencers. However, media mostly report only “hot issues” in health, with short publication and reader attention cycles. Donor personnel are the most likely to follow evidence for decision making, albeit while following their institutional priorities determined centrally. The COVID-19 response is presented as a contrast from usual practices, where evidence was used to guide decisions, as the pandemic was perceived as a national threat by the highest leadership.ConclusionAbsence of citizen feedback and formal systems for evidence gathering and processing leads to decisions that neglect the needs of those they serve, prioritizing personal or political gains and perpetuating the status quo. However, the COVID-19 pandemic emphasized the importance of evidence-based decision-making and offers valuable lessons for reforming decision-making processes.
Greenway interventions effectively enhance physical activity levels—A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Deng Yujia , Liang Jinghong , Chen Qibing 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundPrevious studies have examined the impact of greenway interventions on physical activity (PA); however, the results have been inconclusive. In order to address this issue, our study conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to thoroughly evaluate the evidence and determine the effectiveness of greenway interventions in promoting PA.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of literature databases, such as Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed (via Medline), Cochrane Library, and Scopus, up to June 15, 2023. To synthesize the available evidence, we performed a meta-analysis using a random effects model. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the criteria developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.ResultsA total of 9 publications were identified, involving 6, 589 individuals. The overall quality of most included studies was rated as moderate to high. Our study found that the greenway was effective in promoting PA among participants. Specifically, active travel (AT) showed a standard mean difference (SMD) of 0.10 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04 to 0.17], moderate-to-vigorous PA had an SMD of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.20), and total PA had an SMD of 0.14 (95% CI: 0.06 to 0.21). We also observed significant differences in AT levels among participants based on greenway characteristics, exposure distance, exposure duration, and male-to-female ratio.DiscussionNewly developed or upgraded greenways have been shown to effectively promote PA. Additionally, research suggests that the longer a greenway has been in existence, the greater the benefits it provides for PA. As a result, the construction of greenways should be recognized as an effective public health intervention.
Reactions to environmental allergens in cats with feline lower airway disease
Authors: Hartung Birte F. , Mueller Ralf S. , Gauss Jana , Weitzer Tamara , Boehm Teresa M. S. A. , Palić Jelena , Schulz Bianka 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesAeroallergens have been discussed as potential triggers for feline asthma (FA), which can be induced experimentally by allergen sensitization. To date, only few studies have investigated reactions to environmental allergens in cats with naturally occurring feline lower airway disease (FLAD). The aim of the study was to compare results of intradermal testing (IDT) and serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E-(IgE) testing (SAT) in cats with FLAD, and to investigate possible associations with allergen exposure.Material and methodsEight cats with eosinophilic airway inflammation (EI), ten cats with mixed inflammation (MI), six with neutrophilic inflammation (NI), and 24 healthy cats (HC) were included. Cats diagnosed with FLAD were assigned to the different inflammatory groups based on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BLAF) cytology. SAT was performed in all cats; IDT was only carried out in cats with FLAD. Information about the cats' environment and potential allergen exposure was obtained using an owner questionnaire.ResultsIn comparison to 83% of HC with positive reactions on SAT only 52% of cats with FLAD had positive responses (p = 0.051). Significantly more positive reactions per cat were detected on IDT than on SAT (p = 0.001). No significant difference was found for positive reactions per cat on SAT when compared between HC, NI, EI, and MI (p = 0.377). Only “slight” agreement was found for most allergens when reactions obtained in both tests in cats with FLAD were compared, except for “moderate” agreement for English plantain (k = 0.504) and Alternaria alternata (k = 0.488). Overall, no clear association between the cats' environment and allergen reactions were detected.Conclusions and clinical importanceInterpretation of allergy test results in cats with FLAD should be done in the context of clinical signs and individual factors.