bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of rice bran extract on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane production
Authors: Manlapig Jamal James D. , Kawakami Suzuna , Matamura Masaya , Kondo Makoto , Ban‐Tokuda Tomomi , Matsui Hiroki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study was done to investigate which components of rice bran (RB) are involved in the inhibition of methanogenesis by fractionating the rice bran and adding it to a rumen in vitro culture system. The RB extract obtained using ethanol and water was screened in an in vitro fermentation system. The experimental treatment conditions were as follows: a control group containing a substrate without supplements; substrates with 0.06 g of RB; 0.6 mL of ethanol; 0.6 mL of distilled water (DW); 0.6 mL of ethanol‐soluble fraction (ESF); 0.06 g of ethanol‐insoluble rice bran (EIRB); 0.6 mL of water‐soluble fraction (WSF); and 0.06 g of water‐insoluble rice bran (WIRB). Based on the result of the analysis, the addition of ESF significantly decreased CH4 and CH4/g dry matter digested, methanogen population (p < 0.05), while gas and dry matter digestibility (DMD) were comparable with the control group. Total short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA), and proportion of propionate were reduced, and the proportion of butyrate was increased by the addition of ethanol and ESF (p < 0.05). This result suggests that the supplementation of 10% ESF can substantially reduce methane production in vitro without a negative effect on substrate digestibility.
Penecontemporaneous polygonal faulting triggered by sand overloading onto unconsolidated clays: Evidence from the northern South China Sea
Authors: Meng Qingfeng , Hao Fang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLayer‐bound polygonal fault systems (PFS) are a prevalent feature in fine‐grained sediments across many continental margin basins worldwide, yet their origin remains enigmatic. In this study, we report on the structural characteristics of polygonal faults recently discovered in Middle Miocene mudrocks of the Yinggehai Basin, northern South China Sea. Our data reveal that the polygonal arrays of normal faults, which comprise master faults and minor synthetic/antithetic faults with complex tiers, exhibit either straight or curvilinear traces with frequent orthogonal intersections, forming a highly interconnected fault network. We observe several sub‐circular to elliptical‐shaped depressions that lie above the faulted interval and are filled with syn‐deformation deposits, with the long axis of these depressions aligned sub‐parallel to the structure contour lines. Our findings suggest that the polygonal faults emerged during the sediment deposition and compaction preceding the deposition of overlying sediments. The faults were created through the nucleation of penecontemporaneous faults due to the overloading of sandy sediments onto unconsolidated clays, followed by the propagation of the faults along with continuous sediment deposition. The cessation of fault propagation coincided with the termination of sedimentation in the faulted interval. Additionally, the local horizontal stress anisotropy resulting from topographic‐gravitational effects may have played a crucial role in the development of polygonal faults. Our study provides novel insights into early sediment deformations in the northern South China Sea region and sheds light on the timing and genesis of PFS.
Patient perspective in perceived comparative genetic mutation risk: An exploratory review
Authors: Cilli Eleonora , Guerra Federica , Ranieri Jessica , Brancati Francesco , Di Giacomo Dina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe genetic risk of chronic diseases represents a complex medical setting in which individuals need to adapt to health conditions that manage daily living towards to healthy behaviours. This exploratory review focused on psychological counselling for genetic risk diagnosis. This study aimed to address the psychological management of the impact of genetic risk on chronic diseases. We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Scopus for articles from May 2012 to August 2023. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the included studies was conducted. Based on the exclusion/inclusion criteria, the literature search yielded 250 studies. Seventeen full texts were assessed for eligibility and 207 articles were excluded. Observational (n = 15) and randomised clinical trials (n = 2) were examined. Most studies have been conducted on oncological diagnoses; the emotional dimensions examined have been worry, depression, anxiety and stress in most diseases. Psychological measures are based on self‐reports and questionnaires; few studies have investigated the connections between quality of life, psychological traits and emotional dimensions. The complexity of clinics and from daily diagnostic and treatment practices to the everyday experience of those living with the risk of disease might be addressed in counselling settings to improve quality of life in genetic risk, increasing mental adaptation to tailored chronic conditions. Thus, the empowerment of communication of genetic risk information should be part of the general trend towards personalised medicine.
The interplay between the PI3K/AKT pathway and circadian clock in physiologic and cancer‐related pathologic conditions
Authors: Khezri Mohammad Rafi , Hsueh Hsiang‐Yin , Mohammadipanah Somayeh , Khalili Fard Javad , Ghasemnejad‐Berenji Morteza 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe circadian clock is responsible for the regulation of different cellular processes, and its disturbance has been linked to the development of different diseases, such as cancer. The main molecular mechanism for this issue has been linked to the crosstalk between core clock regulators and intracellular pathways responsible for cell survival. The PI3K/AKT signalling pathway is one of the most known intracellular pathways in the case of cancer initiation and progression. This pathway regulates different aspects of cell survival including proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and response to environmental stimuli. Accumulating evidence indicates that there is a link between the PI3K/AKT pathway activity and circadian rhythm in physiologic and cancer‐related pathogenesis. Different classes of PI3Ks and AKT isoforms are involved in regulating circadian clock components in a transcriptional and functional manner. Reversely, core clock components induce a rhythmic fashion in PI3K and AKT activity in physiologic and pathogenic conditions. The aim of this review is to re‐examine the interplay between this pathway and circadian clock components in normal condition and cancer pathogenesis, which provides a better understanding of how circadian rhythms may be involved in cancer progression.
Pulmonary thrombosis associated with COVID‐19 pneumonia: Beyond classical pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Suárez‐Castillejo Carla , Calvo Néstor , Preda Luminita , Toledo‐Pons Nuria , Millán‐Pons Aina Rosa , Martínez Joaquín , Ramón Luisa , Iglesias Amanda , Morell‐García Daniel , Bauça Josep Miquel , Núñez Belén , Sauleda Jaume , Sala‐Llinas Ernest , Alonso‐Fernández Alberto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundClassical pulmonary thromboembolism (TE) and local pulmonary thrombosis (PT) have been suggested as mechanisms of thrombosis in COVID‐19. However, robust evidence is still lacking because this was mainly based on retrospective studies, in which patients were included when TE was suspected.MethodsAll patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia underwent computed tomography and pulmonary angiography in a prospective study. The main objective was to determine the number and percentage of thrombi surrounded by lung opacification (TSO) in each patient, as well as their relationship with percentage of lung involvement (TLI), to distinguish classical TE (with a random location of thrombi that should correspond to a percentage of TSO equivalent to the TLI) from PT. We determined TLI by artificial intelligence. Analyses at patient level (TLI and percentage of TSO) and at thrombi level (TLI and TSO) were performed.ResultsWe diagnosed TE in 70 out of 184 patients. Three (2–8) thrombi/patient were detected. The percentage of TSO was 100% (75–100) per patient, and TLI was 19.9% (4.6–35.2). Sixty‐five patients (92.9%) were above the random scenario with higher percentage of TSO than TLI. Most thrombi were TSO (n = 299, 75.1%). When evaluating by TLI (<10%, 10%–20%, 20%–30% and >30%), percentage of TSO was higher in most groups. Thrombi were mainly in subsegmental/segmental arteries, and percentage of TSO was higher in all locations.ConclusionsThrombi in COVID‐19 were found within lung opacities in a higher percentage than lung involvement, regardless of TLI and clot location, supporting the hypothesis of local PT rather than “classic TE”.
The risk of unprovoked seizure occurrence after status epilepticus in adults
Authors: Lattanzi Simona , Orlandi Niccolò , Giovannini Giada , Brigo Francesco , Trinka Eugen , Meletti Stefano 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveStatus epilepticus (SE) may lead to long‐term consequences. This study evaluated the risk and predictors of seizure occurrence after SE, with a focus on SE due to acute symptomatic etiologies.MethodsProspectively collected data about adults surviving a first non‐hypoxic SE were reviewed. The outcome was the occurrence of unprovoked seizures during the follow‐up. Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis and log‐rank test were used to analyze the time to seizure occurrence and determine the statistical significance between etiological groups. Three subcategories within acute etiology were considered according to the presence of the following: (1) structural lesion (acute‐primary); (2) brain involvement during systemic disorders (acute‐secondary); and (3) drug or alcohol intoxication/withdrawal (acute‐toxic). Cox proportional hazards model was adopted to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsTwo hundreds fifty‐seven individuals were included. Fifty‐four subjects (21.0%) developed seizures after a median of 9.9 (interquartile range 4.3–21.7) months after SE. The estimated 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year rates of seizure occurrence according to acute SE etiologies were 19.4%, 23.4%, and 30.1%, respectively, for acute‐primary central nervous system (CNS) pathology; 2.2%, 2.2%, and 8.7%, respectively, for acute‐secondary CNS pathology; and 0%, 9.1%, and 9.1%, respectively, for acute‐toxic causes. Five‐year rates of seizure occurrence for non‐acute SE causes were 33.9% for remote, 65.7% for progressive, and 25.9% for unknown etiologies. In multivariate Cox regression model, progressive etiology (adjusted HR [adjHR] 2.27, 95% CI 1.12–4.58), SE with prominent motor phenomena evolving in non‐convulsive SE (adjHR 3.17, 95% CI 1.38–7.25), and non‐convulsive SE (adjHR 2.38, 95% CI 1.16–4.90) were independently associated with higher hazards of unprovoked seizures. Older people (adjHR .98, 95% CI .96–.99) and people with SE due to acute‐secondary CNS pathology (adjHR .18, 95% CI .04–.82) were at decreased risk of seizure occurrence.SignificanceSE carries a risk of subsequent seizures. Both the underlying cause and epileptogenic effects of SE are likely to contribute.
The hidden roots of wetland methane emissions
Authors: Määttä Tiia , Malhotra Avni 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWetlands are the largest natural source of methane (CH4) globally. Climate and land use change are expected to alter CH4 emissions but current and future wetland CH4 budgets remain uncertain. One important predictor of wetland CH4 flux, plants, play an important role in providing substrates for CH4‐producing microbes, increasing CH4 consumption by oxygenating the rhizosphere, and transporting CH4 from soils to the atmosphere. Yet, there remain various mechanistic knowledge gaps regarding the extent to which plant root systems and their traits influence wetland CH4 emissions. Here, we present a novel conceptual framework of the relationships between a range of root traits and CH4 processes in wetlands. Based on a literature review, we propose four main CH4‐relevant categories of root function: gas transport, carbon substrate provision, physicochemical influences and root system architecture. Within these categories, we discuss how individual root traits influence CH4 production, consumption, and transport (PCT). Our findings reveal knowledge gaps concerning trait functions in physicochemical influences, and the role of mycorrhizae and temporal root dynamics in PCT. We also identify priority research needs such as integrating trait measurements from different root function categories, measuring root‐CH4 linkages along environmental gradients, and following standardized root ecology protocols and vocabularies. Thus, our conceptual framework identifies relevant belowground plant traits that will help improve wetland CH4 predictions and reduce uncertainties in current and future wetland CH4 budgets.
Evaluating appetite/satiety hormones and eating behaviours as predictors of weight loss maintenance with GLP‐1RA therapy in adolescents with severe obesity
Authors: Bensignor Megan O. , Kelly Aaron S. , Kunin‐Batson Alicia , Fox Claudia K. , Freese Rebecca , Clark Justin , Rudser Kyle D. , Bomberg Eric M. , Ryder Justin , Gross Amy C. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIntroductionWhilst glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP1‐RAs) are effective for treating adolescent obesity, weight loss maintenance (WLM; preventing weight regain) remains a challenge. Our goal was to investigate appetite/satiety hormones and eating behaviours that may predict WLM with exenatide (a GLP1‐RA) versus placebo in adolescents with severe obesity.MethodsAdolescents who had ≥5% body mass index (BMI) reduction with meal replacement therapy were randomized to 52 weeks of once‐weekly exenatide extended release or placebo. In this secondary analysis, eating behaviours and appetite/satiety regulation hormones post‐meal replacement therapy (pre‐randomization to exenatide or placebo) were evaluated as possible predictors of WLM. Percent change in BMI from randomization to 52 weeks served as the primary measure of WLM.ResultsThe analysis included 66 adolescents (mean age 16.0 years; 47% female). Lower leptin response to meal testing was associated with greater WLM in terms of BMI percent change in those receiving exenatide compared to placebo (p = 0.007) after adjusting for sex, age and BMI. There were no other significant predictors of WLM.ConclusionsPrior to exenatide, lower leptin response to meals was associated with improved WLM with exenatide compared to placebo. The mostly null findings of this study suggest that GLP1‐RA treatment may produce similar WLM for adolescents with obesity regardless of age, BMI, sex and eating behaviours.
Metabolism, fibrosis, and apoptosis: The effect of lipids and their derivatives on keloid formation
Authors: Li Chen‐yu , Xie Ru‐xin , Zhang Shi‐wei , Yun Jiao , Zhong Ai , Cen Ying , Chen Jun‐jie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractKeloids, pathological scars resulting from skin trauma, have traditionally posed significant clinical management challenges due to their persistence and high recurrence rates. Our research elucidates the pivotal roles of lipids and their derivatives in keloid development, driven by underlying mechanisms of abnormal cell proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix deposition. Key findings suggest that abnormalities in arachidonic acid (AA) synthesis and non‐essential fatty acid synthesis are integral to keloid formation. Further, a complex interplay exists between lipid derivatives, notably butyric acid (BA), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), and the regulation of hyperfibrosis. Additionally, combinations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with BA and 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐Prostaglandin J2 have exhibited pronounced cytotoxic effects. Among sphingolipids, ceramide (Cer) displayed limited pro‐apoptotic effects in keloid fibroblasts (KFBs), whereas sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) was found to promote keloid hyperfibrosis, with its analogue, FTY720, demonstrating contrasting benefits. Both Vitamin D and hexadecylphosphorylcholine (HePC) showed potential antifibrotic and antiproliferative properties, suggesting their utility in keloid management. While keloids remain a prevalent concern in clinical practice, this study underscores the promising potential of targeting specific lipid molecules for the advancement of keloid therapeutic strategies.
Genetic justification ofCOVID‐19 patient outcomes usingDERGA, a novel data ensemble refinement greedy algorithm
Authors: Asteris Panagiotis G. , Gandomi Amir H. , Armaghani Danial J. , Tsoukalas Markos Z. , Gavriilaki Eleni , Gerber Gloria , Konstantakatos Gerasimos , Skentou Athanasia D. , Triantafyllidis Leonidas , Kotsiou Nikolaos , Braunstein Evan , Chen Hang , Brodsky Robert , Touloumenidou Tasoula , Sakellari Ioanna , Alkayem Nizar Faisal , Bardhan Abidhan , Cao Maosen , Cavaleri Liborio , Formisano Antonio , Guney Deniz , Hasanipanah Mahdi , Khandelwal Manoj , Mohammed Ahmed Salih , Samui Pijush , Zhou Jian , Terpos Evangelos , Dimopoulos Meletios A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractComplement inhibition has shown promise in various disorders, including COVID‐19. A prediction tool including complement genetic variants is vital. This study aims to identify crucial complement‐related variants and determine an optimal pattern for accurate disease outcome prediction. Genetic data from 204 COVID‐19 patients hospitalized between April 2020 and April 2021 at three referral centres were analysed using an artificial intelligence‐based algorithm to predict disease outcome (ICU vs. non‐ICU admission). A recently introduced alpha‐index identified the 30 most predictive genetic variants. DERGA algorithm, which employs multiple classification algorithms, determined the optimal pattern of these key variants, resulting in 97% accuracy for predicting disease outcome. Individual variations ranged from 40 to 161 variants per patient, with 977 total variants detected. This study demonstrates the utility of alpha‐index in ranking a substantial number of genetic variants. This approach enables the implementation of well‐established classification algorithms that effectively determine the relevance of genetic variants in predicting outcomes with high accuracy.
Fundamental Neurochemistry Review: At the intersection between the brain and the immune system: Non‐coding RNAs spanning learning, memory and adaptive immunity
Authors: Musgrove Mason R. B. , Mikhaylova Marina , Bredy Timothy W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNon‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are highly plastic RNA molecules that can sequester cellular proteins and other RNAs, serve as transporters of cellular cargo and provide spatiotemporal feedback to the genome. Mounting evidence indicates that ncRNAs are central to biology, and are critical for neuronal development, metabolism and intra‐ and intercellular communication in the brain. Their plasticity arises from state‐dependent dynamic structure states that can be influenced by cell type and subcellular environment, which can subsequently enable the same ncRNA with discrete functions in different contexts. Here, we highlight different classes of brain‐enriched ncRNAs, including microRNA, long non‐coding RNA and other enigmatic ncRNAs, that are functionally important for both learning and memory and adaptive immunity, and describe how they may promote cross‐talk between these two evolutionarily ancient biological systems.image
Turkish adaptation of the reproductive autonomy scale: Validity and reliability study
Authors: Hazar Seda , İnal Ceylan Güzel , Nacar Gülçin , Taşhan Sermin Timur 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the reproductive autonomy scale by adapting it to Turkish society.Materials and MethodologyDesigned with a methodological method, the study was conducted with an online form created by using Google Forms with 308 married women of reproductive age between the ages of 15 and 49 who use WhatsApp or Instagram. The cultural adaptation process of the scale was carried out in three stages: language validity, content validity, and pilot application. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the scale's construct validity. The scale's reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's α internal consistency coefficient and test–retest analyses.Findings.As a result of the exploratory factor analysis conducted in the study, it was determined that reproductive autonomy scale (RAS) consists of 14 items and 3 subscales. Good fit index values were obtained in confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's α internal consistency coefficients for the RAS total and subscale were found to be 0.66, 0.64, 0.89, and 0.92, respectively. Additionally, test–retest analysis of the scale was determined to have a high correlation.ConclusionThe reproductive autonomy scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for measuring the reproductive autonomy of Turkish society.
Effect of intra‐articular platelet‐rich plasma or hyaluronic acid on limb function recovery in dogs withTPLOfor cranial cruciate ligament rupture: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Volz F. , Eberle D. , Kornmayer M. , Zablotski Y. , Meyer‐Lindenberg A. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the recovery of limb function following a single intra‐articular injection of platelet‐rich plasma or hyaluronic acid in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture treated with tibial plateau levelling osteotomy compared to dogs receiving no injection intraoperatively.Materials and MethodsSixty‐two dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture, body weights of 20 to 40 kg, and no other orthopaedic conditions were enrolled in this prospective, randomised, double‐blind, controlled study at the small animal clinic at LMU Munich. All dogs underwent tibial plateau levelling osteotomy. Based on random allocation, they received either a single intra‐articular injection of platelet‐rich plasma, hyaluronic acid or no injection intraoperatively. Gait analysis, clinical examinations, radiography of the stifle joint for osteoarthritis progression and two validated owner questionnaires were compared among groups at three timepoints postoperatively (6 weeks, 3 and 6 months). Limb function was primarily assessed by measuring the ground reaction forces.ResultsAt all times postoperatively, no differences were observed among groups regarding clinical examinations, osteoarthritis score values, ground reaction forces or owner questionnaires. All dogs showed significant improvement in limb function clinically, in all ground reaction forces and in the validated questionnaires. Osteoarthritis progressed minimally during rechecks in all dogs regardless of the additional injection or not.Clinical SignificanceAll dogs treated with tibial plateau levelling osteotomy for cranial cruciate ligament rupture showed improvements in limb function. No additive effect on faster recovery was demonstrated with the additional intra‐articular injection of platelet‐rich plasma or hyaluronic acid. Addition of platelet‐rich plasma/hyaluronic acid injections during tibial plateau levelling osteotomy is unnecessary considering the lack of benefit observed up to 6 months postoperatively.
Length–weight relationships and condition factors of five fish species from the coastal region of West Bengal, India
Authors: Mondal Niladri , Chini Deep Sankar , Kar Avijit , Patra Shampa , Patra Bidhan Chandra 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present study presents the length–weight relationships of five brackish water fish species from the coastal region of West Bengal for which this relationship not known to the present time, including Stigmatogobius sadanundio, Brachygobius nunus, Microphis cuncalus, Butis melanostigma and Puntius vittatus. The slope (b) value of the regression ranges between 2.551 and 3.319, with high correlation values (r2 ≥ .943). The relative condition factor (Kn) was also calculated, being >1.0 for all species examined in the present study, indicating of the overall condition of the fish species.