bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent trends in research on the role of cholesterol in leukemia: a bibliometric and visualization study
Authors: Lv Huijuan , Lu Ke , Wang Ximing , Zhang Yanfang , Zhuang Mengqi , Li Jing , Su Keli , Gao Wen 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundCholesterol metabolism significantly impacts leukemia pathophysiology, affecting tumor cell survival, proliferation, and treatment resistance. This study employs bibliometric analysis and visualization techniques to investigate research trends regarding cholesterol in leukemia and identify key hotspots.MethodsA systematic search of the Web of Science Core Collection was performed for literature published from 1980 to 2024 using the keywords “cholesterol” and “leukemia,” yielding 1,220 articles. Bibliometric tools like VOSviewer and CiteSpace were utilized for visualizing citation networks and thematic clusters.ResultsThe analysis comprised 1,220 publications produced by 6,771 researchers across 1,756 institutions in 68 countries, published in 576 journals with 5,903 unique keywords. Publication output demonstrated a significant rise from 1980 to 2024, peaking in 2022. The United States led in total publications (381) and citations (40,462), followed by China (137 articles) and Japan (102). Notably, U.S. publications had lower average citations than those from Germany and Brazil. Key institutions included the University of São Paulo, Medical College of Wisconsin, and National Cancer Institute, with prominent authors such as Maranhao Raul C. and Girotti Albert W. The journal Cancer Research was the most prolific, while Blood had the highest citation frequency. Major research areas encompassed molecular biology, immunology, and medicine, focusing on the cholesterol-leukemia link. Keyword co-occurrence and co-citation analyses reveal increasing interest in topics like STAT3, multidrug resistance, and treatment interactions. These insights suggest crucial areas for further research.DiscussionOur findings emphasize cholesterol’s significance in leukemia, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target. Further exploration at the intersection of cholesterol metabolism and leukemia requires multidisciplinary collaboration.ConclusionThis bibliometric study delineates the evolving research landscape on cholesterol’s role in leukemia, pinpointing emerging trends and future research directions to inform effective therapeutic strategies.
Evaluating ChatGPT’s diagnostic potential for pathology images
Authors: Ding Liya , Fan Lei , Shen Miao , Wang Yawen , Sheng Kaiqin , Zou Zijuan , An Huimin , Jiang Zhinong 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundChat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a type of large language model (LLM) developed by OpenAI, known for its extensive knowledge base and interactive capabilities. These attributes make it a valuable tool in the medical field, particularly for tasks such as answering medical questions, drafting clinical notes, and optimizing the generation of radiology reports. However, keeping accuracy in medical contexts is the biggest challenge to employing GPT-4 in a clinical setting. This study aims to investigate the accuracy of GPT-4, which can process both text and image inputs, in generating diagnoses from pathological images.MethodsThis study analyzed 44 histopathological images from 16 organs and 100 colorectal biopsy photomicrographs. The initial evaluation was conducted using the standard GPT-4 model in January 2024, with a subsequent re-evaluation performed in July 2024. The diagnostic accuracy of GPT-4 was assessed by comparing its outputs to a reference standard using statistical measures. Additionally, four pathologists independently reviewed the same images to compare their diagnoses with the model’s outputs. Both scanned and photographed images were tested to evaluate GPT-4’s generalization ability across different image types.ResultsGPT-4 achieved an overall accuracy of 0.64 in identifying tumor imaging and tissue origins. For colon polyp classification, accuracy varied from 0.57 to 0.75 in different subtypes. The model achieved 0.88 accuracy in distinguishing low-grade from high-grade dysplasia and 0.75 in distinguishing high-grade dysplasia from adenocarcinoma, with a high sensitivity in detecting adenocarcinoma. Consistency between initial and follow-up evaluations showed slight to moderate agreement, with Kappa values ranging from 0.204 to 0.375.ConclusionGPT-4 demonstrates the ability to diagnose pathological images, showing improved performance over earlier versions. Its diagnostic accuracy in cancer is comparable to that of pathology residents. These findings suggest that GPT-4 holds promise as a supportive tool in pathology diagnostics, offering the potential to assist pathologists in routine diagnostic workflows.
Aqueous humor metabolomic profiling identifies a distinct signature in pseudoexfoliation syndrome
Authors: Zemitis Arturs , Vanags Juris , Schiemer Theresa , Klavins Kristaps , Laganovska Guna 
Published: January 2025

PurposePEXS was first described in 1917, yet its etiology still needs clarification. An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants plays a significant role. PEXS leads to various ocular complications, including increased risk during cataract surgery due to weak zonules, lens dislocation, and reduced visual outcomes. Our study investigates whether metabolomics can provide insights into this ocular pathology.MethodsThe study included 183 patients undergoing cataract surgery at Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital. 104 patients did not have PEXS, while 79 were diagnosed with the condition. Intraocular fluid samples from these patients were analyzed using targeted metabolite analysis, performed through HILIC liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detection.ResultsThe aqueous humor of PEXS patients contains statistically significant higher levels of cystine (p &lt; 0.001), citrulline (p &lt; 0.001), phenylalanine (p = 0.041), tyrosine (p = 0.025), serine (p = 0.030), arginine (p = 0.017), lactic acid (p = 0.055), tryptophan (p = 0.055), and creatinine (p = 0.022). These results suggest a potential link to ferroptosis.ConclusionFerroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent LPO. The inhibition of the antiporter system Xc− leads to increased oxidative stress, suggesting that the changes seen in PEXS could be linked to ferroptosis. Our findings indicate that cysteine synthesis occurs via the transsulfation pathway, attributable to inhibiting the antiporter system Xc−. Treatment of pseudoexfoliation should lower the oxidative stress inside the anterior chamber by reducing the uptake of PUFAs, lower iron levels, and cysteine supplementation.
Aging restricts the initial neural patterning potential of developing neural stem and progenitor cells in the adult brain
Authors: Aran Saeideh , Golmohammadi Mohammad Ghasem , Sagha Mohsen , Ghaedi Kamran 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionNeurosphere culture is widely used to expand neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) of the nervous system. Understanding the identity of NSPCs, such as the principals involved in spatiotemporal patterning, will improve our chances of using NSPCs for neurodevelopmental and brain repair studies with the ability to direct NSPCs toward distinct fates. Some reports indicate that aging can affect the nature of NSPCs over time. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate how the initial neural patterning of developing NSPCs changes over time.MethodsIn this research, evidence of changing neural patterning potential in the nervous system over time was presented. Thus, the embryonic and adult-derived NSPCs for cardinal characteristics were analyzed, and then, the expression of candidate genes related to neural patterning using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was evaluated at various stages of embryonic (E14 and E18), neonatal, and adult brains. Finally, it was assessed the effect of cell attachment and passage on the initial neural patterning of NSPCs.ResultsThe analysis of gene expression revealed that although temporal patterning is maintained in vitro, it shows a decrease over time. Embryonic NSPCs exhibited the highest potential for retaining regional identity than neonatal and adult NSPCs. Additionally, it was found that culture conditions, such as cell passaging and attachment status, could affect the initial neural patterning potential, resulting in a decrease over time.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that patterning potential decreases over time and aging imposes restrictions on preliminary neural patterning. These results emphasize the significance of patterning in the nervous system and the close relationship between patterning and fate determination, raising questions about the application of aged NSPCs in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Identifying P100 and N170 as electrophysiological markers for conscious and unconscious processing of emotional facial expressions
Authors: Herzberg Lennard , Schräder Julia , Jo Han-Gue , Habel Ute , Wagels Lisa 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionEveryday life requires correct processing of emotions constantly, partly occurring unconsciously. This study aims to clarify the effect of emotion perception on different event-related potentials (ERP; P100, N170). The P100 and N170 are tested for their suitability as electrophysiological markers in unconscious processing.MethodsUsing a modified backward masking paradigm, 52 healthy participants evaluated emotional facial expressions (happy, sad, or neutral) during EEG recording. While varying primer presentation time (16.7 ms for unconscious; 150 ms for conscious perception), either congruent or incongruent primer / target emotions were displayed.ResultsThe N170 was significantly larger in trials with conscious compared to unconscious primer presentation, while the P100 showed opposite results displaying higher amplitudes in unconscious versus conscious trials. The N170 amplitude was modulated by emotion.DiscussionBoth P100 and N170 were modulated by stimulus presentation time, demonstrating the suitability as potential biomarkers and for systematic research on conscious and unconscious face processing.
Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations during music-evoked autobiographical memories in neurotypical older adults
Authors: Lesiuk Teresa , Dillon Kaitlyn , Ripani Giulia , Iliadis Ioannis , Perez Gabriel , Levin Bonnie , Sun Xiaoyan , McIntosh Roger 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionResearchers have shown that music-evoked autobiographical memories (MEAMs) can stimulate long-term memory mechanisms while requiring little retrieval effort and may therefore be used in promising non-pharmacological interventions to mitigate memory deficits. Despite an increasing number of studies on MEAMs, few researchers have explored how MEAMs are bound in the brain.MethodsIn the current study activation indexed by fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF) during familiar and unfamiliar MEAM retrieval was compared in a sample of 24 healthy older adults. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the impact of age-related gray matter volume (GMV) reduction in key regions associated with MEAM-related activation. In addition to a T1 structural scan, neuroimaging data were collected while participants listened to familiar music (MEAM retrieval) versus unfamiliar music.ResultsWhen listening to familiar compared to unfamiliar music, greater fALFF activation patterns were observed in the right parahippocampal gyrus, controlling for age and GMV. The current findings for the familiar (MEAM) condition have implications for cognitive aging as persons experiencing age-related memory decline are particularly susceptible to volumetric reduction in the parahippocampal cortex. Post-hoc analyses to explore correlations between brain activity and the content of MEAMs were performed using the text analysis program Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count.DiscussionOur findings suggest that MEAM-related activation of the parahippocampal cortex is evident in normative older adults. However, it is yet to be determined whether such brain states are attainable in older adult populations diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment and/or prodromal Alzheimer’s disease.
Energy intake insufficiency due to underestimated energy requirement by common predictive formulas can be identified by urinary amino acid levels in advanced heart failure
Authors: Sakamoto Yoko , Ohtani Tomohito , Nakamoto Kei , Sera Fusako , Hikoso Shungo , Sakata Yasushi 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundElevated resting energy expenditure (REE) promotes cachexia, worsening prognosis in patients with advanced heart failure (HF). However, adequate assessment of energy balance is challenging because of unvalidated common prediction methods and unestablished determinants of REE, resulting in a lack of biomarkers for predicting insufficient energy intake.ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate REE in patients with advanced HF and explore biomarkers for insufficient energy intake.MethodsWe measured REE by indirect calorimetry and calculated the total energy expenditure (TEE) of 72 hospitalized patients with advanced-stage HF. We compared these values with commonly-used formulas and analyzed the associations between REE per body weight (REEBW) and parameters related to hemodynamics and HF severity. In 17 of 72 patients, plasma amino acid (AA) and 24-h urinary AA concentrations were measured to analyze their correlations with energy balance, the ratio of caloric intake to REE.ResultsResting energy expenditure and TEE values were significantly higher than the predicted values. The mean REEBW was 25 kcal/kg/day, while that for the underweight (&lt;18.5 kg/m2) was 28 kcal/kg/day. We found a significant negative correlation between REEBW and body mass index (BMI), but no significant correlation between REEBW and HF-related parameters. The difference between TEE and predicted TEE using the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism formula was most significant in the underweight patients because of underestimation, whereas TEE and pTEE using our modified formula with coefficients by BMI categories did not differ. There was a significant correlation between energy balance and urinary histidine and its metabolite 3-methylhistidine excretion, but no significant correlation with serum albumin and other AA concentrations.ConclusionUnderweight patients with advanced HF require more energy per weight than the predicted value. Our proposed formula for pTEE in each BMI category may be useful in clinical practice to avoid underestimation of daily energy requirements. Inadequate energy intake, even with such an approach, may be identified by decreased urinary essential AA levels.
Exploring genetic structures and shared sites between alcohol, cheese intake, and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Huang Zhifang , Yuan Weichao 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAn association has been observed between alcohol and cheese intake and the onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), necessitating further exploration from a genetic structural perspective.MethodsThe present analysis was focused on the intake of alcohol and cheese in conjunction with IBD genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, with the objective of exploring genetic correlations and identifying common loci. Initially, overall genetic correlations were assessed employing two methodologies: linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and genetic covariance analyzer (GNOVA). Subsequently, local correlations were examined through the SUPERGNOVA method. A genetic overlap analysis between various traits was then conducted based on the statistical theory of conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (cond/conjFDR). Ultimately, shared loci between the two traits were identified via conjFDR analysis and multi-trait analysis of GWAS (MTAG).ResultsSubstantial overall correlations were noted at the genome-wide level between alcohol and cheese intake and both IBD and Crohn’s disease (CD), whereas the association with ulcerative colitis (UC) was of lesser significance. In the local genetic analysis, chromosome 16 emerged as a key region implicated in the relationship between alcohol and cheese intake and IBD (including both CD and UC). The conjFDR analysis confirmed the genetic overlap between the two diseases. Furthermore, both conjFDR and MTAG analyses identified multiple shared genetic loci, with nine genes (Y_RNA, DENND1B, GCKR, KPNA7, CLN3, SLC39A8, FUT2, ERAP2, and SMAD3) being.ConclusionThe present study provides genetic evidence supporting the comorbidity of alcohol and cheese intake with IBD, offering novel insights into potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of IBD through the modulation of alcohol and cheese consumption.
Association between the composite dietary antioxidant index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2016
Authors: Fu Yidian , Jiang Chao , Li Zonglin , Shi Xiangyun , Lv Peiyuan , Zhang Jingbo 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceOxidative stress contributes to the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Antioxidants from food can reduce NAFLD incidence, and the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) measures total antioxidant capacity (TAC). However, the relationship between CDAI and NAFLD in the US adult population remains unclear.ObjectiveTo assess whether CDAI is associated with NAFLD in US adults.Design, setting, and participantsThis population-based cross-sectional study used data on US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2016 cycles. Data were analyzed from January to February 2024.ExposuresCDAI obtained from the dietary intake questionnaire.Main outcomes and measuresThe main outcome was NAFLD which defined by the US fatty liver score (USFLI) ≥30. Sampling weights were calculated according to NHANES guidelines.ResultsAmong 9,746 adults included in this study [mean age, 48.3 years; 4,662 (47.6%) males], 3,324 (33.0%) were classified as having NAFLD using USFLI. In the fully adjusted of multivariable logistic regression, CDAI was negatively associated with NAFLD (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93–0.98). Furthermore, individuals in the highest quartile of CDAI were 34% less likely to have NAFLD compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.52–0.85). In subgroup analyses, CDAI was inversely associated with NAFLD among participants with a BMI &lt;25 (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83–0.95) and without metabolic syndrome (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.91–0.96). The interaction tests revealed significant differences in these subgroups (P for interaction = 0.04 for BMI and 0.003 for metabolic syndrome). Sensitivity analyses confirmed this association using the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) to define NAFLD, applying unweighted logistic regression, adjusting for physical activity or after excluding non-Hispanic Black participants, and after excluding medications known for their potential hepatotoxic effects.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cross-sectional study based on six cycles (2005–2016) of the NHANES, CDAI was negatively associated with NAFLD in US adult population. This association highlights the potential for dietary interventions to reduce NAFLD incidence and underscores the need for future research, including clinical trials and mechanistic studies, to further explore the role of dietary antioxidants in NAFLD prevention and management.
Effect of long-term exercise on circulating ghrelin in overweight and obese individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xin Xianyang , Wang Hai , Guo Yongqing , Xie Jun 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveGhrelin, also known as the “hunger hormone,” is a pivotal hormone in controlling appetite, and it is the only known gastrointestinal hormone that promotes food intake, contributing to the regulation of energy balance and body weight. However, studies on the long-term effects of exercise on ghrelin levels in obese populations have shown conflicting results. This study aims to summarize RCT experiments exploring changes in ghrelin levels following long-term exercise in obese or overweight individuals through meta-analysis.MethodsThis study employed meta-analytical techniques, searching databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, to gather research on exercise and ghrelin. The quality of the studies was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook standards, and data analysis for ghrelin, BMI, and weight was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16.0 software. A total of 13 interventions involving 944 participants were included to systematically investigate the regulatory effects of exercise on ghrelin levels in obese and overweight individuals. Meta-analytical results were calculated using standardized mean differences (SMDs).ResultsExercise interventions significantly increased ghrelin levels (SMD =1.16, 95% CI = 0.52 to 1.80, p &lt; 0.0001), with high inter-study heterogeneity (I2 = 90%). Subgroup analysis suggested that RT and AE + RT were more effective than AE. For BMI, exercise led to a significant reduction (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI = −0.69 to −0.16, p = 0.002), with low heterogeneity (I2 = 21%). Similarly, exercise significantly reduced weight (SMD = −0.54, 95% CI = −0.98 to −0.11, p = 0.01), though with high heterogeneity (I2 = 75%). These results suggest exercise effectively improves ghrelin levels, BMI, and weight.ConclusionProlonged exercise interventions demonstrated a statistically significant effect on ghrelin levels. This indicates that exercise interventions can elevate ghrelin levels, which may be associated with reductions in BMI and weight.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42024588259.