bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning and DNA analysis of a gene encoding α mating pheromone from the yeast Saccharomyces naganishii
Authors: Kodama Takuya , Hisatomi Taisuke , Kanemura Tomokazu , Mokubo Ken , Tsuboi Michio 
Published: January 2003

AbstractA DNA fragment encoding the precursor peptide for α mating pheromone was isolated from the S. naganishii genome based on the amino acid sequence of the mature pheromone. The precursor peptide contains three copies of the pheromone. Hydrophobicity analysis of the precursor peptide revealed an N‐terminal signal sequence for translocation into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and several signals for a series of secretion‐related processes. However, upstream regulatory sequences necessary for expression of the S. cerevisiae α mating pheromone gene were not found, suggesting the divergence of systems that regulate α mating pheromone gene expression in S. naganishii and S. cerevisiae. Hybridization of a probe corresponding to the S. naganishii α mating pheromone nucleotide sequence to S. naganishii chromosomal DNA revealed a single gene located on either chromosome VI or VII. The S. naganishii α mating pheromone sequence has been deposited in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank data library under Accession No. AB086431. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural characterization of chromosome I size variants from a natural yeast strain
Authors: Carro David , García‐Martinez José , Pérez‐Ortín José E. , Piña Benjamin 
Published: January 2003

AbstractMany yeast strains isolated from the wild show karyotype instability during vegetative growth, with rearrangement rates of up to 10−2 chromosomal changes per generation. Physical isolation and analysis of several chromosome I size variants of one of these strains revealed that they differed only in their subtelomeric regions, leaving the central 150 Kb unaltered. Fine mapping of these subtelomeric variable regions revealed gross alterations of two very similar loci, FLO1 and FLO9. These loci are located on the right and left arms, respectively, of chromosome I and encompass internal repetitive DNA sequences. Furthermore, some chromosome I variants lacking the FLO1 locus showed evidence of recombination at a DNA region on their right arm that is enriched in repeated sequences, including Ty LTRs. We propose that repetitive sequences in many subtelomeric regions in S. cerevisiae play a key role in karyotype hypervariability. As these regions encode several membrane‐associated proteins, subtelomeric plasticity may allow rapid adaptive changes of the yeast strain to specific substrates. This pattern of semi‐conservative chromosomal rearrangement may have profound implications, both in terms of evolution of wild strains and for biotechnological processes. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Repair of Femoral Capital Physeal Fractures in 12 Cattle
Authors: Ivany Ewoldt Jennifer M. , Hull Bruce L. , Ayars William H. 
Published: January 2003

Objective—To document signalment, clinical signs, and long‐term outcome of surgical treatment for femoral capital physeal fractures in cattle.Study Design—Retrospective study.Animals—Twelve cattle with femoral capital physeal fractures.Methods—Cases were identified by a search of radiographic records. Historical, diagnostic, surgical, and outcome data were collected from the medical records. Owners were contacted for follow‐up information by telephone.Results—Fractures were repaired by screws inserted in lag fashion in 4 animals and by use of multiple intramedullary pins in 8 animals. Six of 12 animals required repeat surgery to reposition screws or pins. Nine animals were considered successfully treated at discharge. Six months after surgery, 6 of 11 animals for which follow‐up was obtained were still sound. At 12 months, 4 of 4 animals alive were still sound. Animals that bore weight earliest postoperatively were more likely to have a successful outcome. Animals <12 months of age had better outcomes than animals >12 months of age.Conclusions—Prognosis for serviceable soundness is good in cattle <12 months of age and fair in animals >12 months of age after surgical repair of femoral capital physeal fracture by stacking intramedullary pins or by screws inserted in lag fashion.Clinical Relevance—Surgical repair of femoral capital physeal fracture is most successful in younger cattle and can result in productive animals.
Use of Veterinary Interlocking Nails for Diaphyseal Fractures in Dogs and Cats: 121 Cases
Authors: Duhautois Bruno 
Published: January 2003

Objective— To report clinical outcome after use of an interlocking nail (veterinary interlocking nail [VIN]) for stabilization of diaphyseal fractures in dogs and cats.Study Design— Retrospective study.Animals— Seventy‐eight dogs and 43 cats with diaphyseal fractures of the femur (n = 96), tibia (n = 14), or humerus (n = 11).Methods— Interlocking nails (4 mm diameter [n = 72], 6 mm [n = 25] or 8 mm [n = 24]), were used in static (n = 106) or dynamic (n = 15) fixation mode. Cerclage wires also were used in 63 (52%) cases. Data about the patient (species, breed, weight, age), characteristics of the fracture, and details of the surgery and perioperative complications were recorded. The surgeon evaluated functional outcome, and fracture healing was quantified 6 weeks (W6) and 3 months (M3) after surgery with a radiographic index.Results— Twelve cases had been unsuccessfully treated by another technique. Of 106 comminuted fractures, 60 were classified as unstable. Only 112 animals were evaluated at W6; 86 (77%) healed without complication and had a functional outcome considered excellent (n = 80, 93%), good (n = 5, 4%), or fair (n = 1). Twenty‐six complications were noted: 16 (14%) patients did not require additional surgery and had a good or excellent outcome, whereas 10 (8%) patients needed surgical intervention to achieve a satisfactory outcome (8 patients). Sixty‐one percent of fractures were healed at W6, 94% by M3. VIN failure (n = 3) because of an error in selection of diameter or length (locking screw too close to the fracture) and nonunion after a locking error (n = 2) were considered failures of repair.Conclusions— VINs can be used to repair diaphyseal fractures of the femur, tibia, and humerus in dogs and cats provided the implants are appropriately sized for the fractured bone. The high healing rate (even with unstable fractures), associated with a functional outcome, and low complication rate support the use of VINs for these fracture types. However, a period of training and the application of basic principles are necessary to ensure successful results.Clinical Relevance— VINs should be considered as alternative technique for management of selected diaphyseal fractures of the femur, tibia, and humerus in dogs and cats.
Extraosseous Cement Granuloma Associated With Total Hip Replacement in 6 Dogs
Authors: Palmisano Matthew P. , Dyce Jonathan , Olmstead Marvin L. 
Published: January 2003

Objective—To report the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of extraosseous cement granuloma (ECG), a low occurrence, long‐term complication of total hip replacement (THR).Study Design—Retrospective clinical study.Sample Population—Six client‐owned dogs.Methods—Medical records for 6 dogs that had a cemented modular THR and developed ECG were reviewed for the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic findings of ECG. Morphologic and elemental analyses of retrieved particles were conducted in 2 dogs using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS).Results—Three golden retrievers and 3 Labrador retrievers had progressive lameness in the operated limb 4 to 7 years after THR and developed ECG. Other clinical features included an acute deterioration to non–weight bearing associated with pathologic fracture of the proximal femur in 2 dogs, and obstipation in 1 dog. In 5 dogs, there was a large caseous mass surrounding the proximal femur. Obstipation in 1 dog was caused by a similar mass adjacent to bone cement used for fixation of the acetabular cup. Radiographic changes included a multilobular soft tissue mass, containing irregular mineral densities, in the gluteal mass surrounding the proximal femur, THR interface deterioration, osteolysis, new bone formation, and implant subsidence were consistent with chronic aseptic loosening. The histopathologic diagnosis was sterile granuloma associated with a massive heterogeneous particulate burden, which was assumed to have resulted from severe wear of all prosthesis components.Conclusions—ECG is a manifestation of severe aseptic loosening of cemented total hip replacement, with the generation of wear debris probably responsible for granuloma formation.Clinical Relevance—Because revision can offer a good prognosis in early aseptic femoral loosening, yearly radiographic monitoring of the recipients is recommended.
Use of an active intra‐abdominal drain in 67 horses
Authors: Nieto Jorge E. , Snyder Jack R. , Vatistas Nicholas J. , Spier Sharon J. , Van Hoogmoed Linda 
Published: January 2003

Objective—To describe the insertion technique, efficacy, and complications associated with the use of an active (closed‐suction) abdominal drain in horses.Study Design—Retrospective study.Animals—Sixty‐seven horses with abdominal contamination treated by abdominal lavage and use of a closed‐suction abdominal drain.Methods—Medical records of horses (1989–1996) that had a closed‐suction abdominal drain were reviewed. Follow‐up information was obtained by telephone interviews with owners.Results—Sixty‐eight closed‐suction abdominal drains were used in 67 horses that had abdominal contamination, peritonitis, or to prevent adhesion formation. The drain was placed under general anesthesia (62 horses) or in a standing position (6 horses). Abdominal lavage was performed every 4 to 12 hours and about 83% of the peritoneal lavage solution was retrieved. Minor complications associated with drain use occurred in 49% of the horses and included obstruction or slow passage of fluid through the drain in 18 horses (26%), leakage of fluid around the drain in 11 horses (16%), and subcutaneous fluid accumulation around the drain in 8 horses (12%). Incisional suppuration developed in 20 of 62 (32%) and incisional herniation in 5 of 46 (11%) horses.Conclusions—A closed‐suction drain system was easily placed and was associated with only minor complications in most horses.Clinical Relevance—Active abdominal drainage and lavage is a useful adjunct in the treatment of peritonitis or as a prophylactic procedure in horses at risk of developing septic peritonitis and abdominal adhesions. Clinicians should be aware of the high incidence of minor complications.
Delivering content to universities and colleges: JISC's new information environment
Authors: Baldwin Christine 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThe Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) is currently developing a new electronic information environment that will revolutionize how users at academic institutions discover and access scholarly material. This new information environment will provide seamless and integrated access to national and local collections, including content licensed from publishers. This article describes the reasons why the new information environment is being developed, how it will work, and why publishers should find out more.
eJournals Delivery Service: an email to Internet experiment
Authors: Cerdeira Hilda A. 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThe eJournals Delivery Service (eJDS) allows scientists based in institutions in developing countries with slow access to the Internet due to very low bandwith or extreme economic problems, to retrieve online articles from well‐known journals, using offline browsing with email. This pioneering experiment, run by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in collaboration with Academic Press, American Physical Society, and World Scientific, started in Jan. 2002.
The Open Archives Initiative and the OAI Protocol for Metadata Harvesting: rapidly forming a new tier in the scholarly communication infrastructure
Authors: Rusch‐Feja Diann 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThe Open Archives Initiative (OAI) is a major development aimed at heightening interoperability and providing more targeted access to scholarly electronic full texts. This article gives an overview of the development and philosophy of the OAI, then highlights ongoing research and the initiative's status as of March 2002. Finally, the impact of widespread adoption and its implications for the scientific community are outlined.
Scottish Archive of Print and Publishing History Records
Authors: Finkelstein David , Bromage Sarah , McCleery Alistair 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACT‘It's important that we remember the past is not just dry facts and statistics but also the detailed lives of real people. SAPPHIRE aims to give a voice to these lives.’The Scottish Archive of Print and Publishing History Records (SAPPHIRE), an initiative with Napier University as lead and Queen Margaret University College as main collaborative partner, is an oral history project which aims to record the social, economic and cultural heritage of the Scottish printing and publishing industry in the 20th century.Undertaken in partnership with a number of Scottish organizations, its results are providing a better understanding of an important and overlooked part of Scotland's heritage. Outcomes of the project include a permanent oral history archive stored at the Edward Clark Collection at Napier University, and exhibitions and publications on the history of the printing and publishing industry. The development and current activities of SAPPHIRE are described and reviewed.
Op. cit.: publishing in the humanities and social sciences
Authors:   The Knight Higher Education Collaborative
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTDo the humanities and social sciences have the same publishing requirements as the sciences? What can be done to counter perceptions that acquisition funds have migrated away from publications in the fields of the humanities and social sciences to meet the escalating cost of electronic and print journals in the natural and applied sciences? With university presses, non‐profit publishers, and the academy itself under strain, we examine the problems, discuss the continuing requirements of scholarship, the implications for funding strategies, and the role of technology, and give examples of new ventures that suggest possible solutions to the problems. We conclude that the primary values that scholars in the humanities and social sciences hold are not dramatically different from those of other academic disciplines and make recommendations for building a broader base of support for scholarship in these areas.
Electronic journals: user realities — the truth about content usage among the STM community
Authors: Worlock Kate 
Published: January 2003

SUMMARYKate Worlock, a consultant for research and consultancy organization Electronic Publishing Services, reports on a study conducted for the Ingenta Institute on how UK users access, use, and pay for electronic articles from scientific journals. The findings reveal a research community increasingly conditioned to expecting content as soon as it is available for dissemination rather than waiting for the delivery of the physical journal itself.
The peer‐review process
Authors: Rowland Fytton 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThe recent literature about peer review of scholarly articles is reviewed, with particular emphasis on the cost of the peer‐review process. Possible impacts of electronic scholarly publishing upon peer reviewing are discussed. Opinion among academics in their roles as authors, editors and referees seems likely to insist upon preservation of a pre‐publication refereeing system in most disciplines. As the administration of any such system seems to have a cost of about $400 per published article, any scholarly publishing system will need to locate financial support to at least that extent, and a system of lump‐sum payment by the authors' funders is best placed to cover this cost while providing universal free access to scholarly material.
Linking to full text: the secondary publisher's perspective
Authors: Powell Andrea 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTFor a secondary database publisher, the imperative to provide seamless links between the bibliographic citations and the corresponding full text is unequivocal. Online publishing should, in theory, make this linkage easier to facilitate, but the reality is far more complex than the theory! CABI Publishing has been endeavouring continually to improve the linkage to full text offered by its bibliographic databases, and has encountered some obstacles which may not be immediately apparent to primary publishers. This article explains some of those obstacles and provides some insight into how secondary publishers are attempting to respond to the demands of the marketplace and the potential of online publishing.
The Pergamon phenomenon 1951–1991: Robert Maxwell and scientific publishing
Authors: Cox Brian 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThe author retired from Elsevier Science in 1998. His first employer in the book trade was Sir Basil Blackwell. He later worked for 31 years for Robert Maxwell at Headington Hill Hall, initially as subscription manager, and finally as a director of Pergamon Journals and Pergamon Press. In this memoir, he describes his personal experience of Maxwell, the man, and of Pergamon Press, the company he founded and ran.
Medical journal publishing: one culture or several?
Authors: Albert Tim , Williamson Alex 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTMedical publishing uses the skills of people from a wide range of backgrounds. In this study we set out to examine their attitudes and assess the degree of homogeneity. We gathered questionnaire responses from selected editors and medical reviewers and found that, on the whole, there was a homogeneous culture, though there were some significant differences. This has important implications for managers and trainers.
Challenges to the role of publishers
Authors: Waltham Mary 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTWhat future roles will publishers need to build on and develop given changes driven by the online system for the publication of research‐based information? By reviewing some of the key issues currently faced by publishers online, this article is an attempt to provide a constructive framework for working through both immediate tactical pressures and priorities, and longer‐term plans on product refinement and market needs. The areas of publishing affected by online availability are identified and contrasted with those that are not. Success rests on the ability of publishers to listen to and observe online users, to be open to the new opportunities that arise, and to be willing to adapt publications to provide value to the research community and libraries by making full and sound use of online as it becomes the dominant route for accessing research information.
Professional writing assistance: effects on biomedical publishing
Authors: Lagnado Max 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThe involvement of professional writers in the reporting of scientific research has generated considerable discussion. I reviewed the literature relating to this debate. Some commentators argue that professional writing assistance can inappropriately influence the reporting of research, undermine accountability for the published work, and deceive readers when the professional writer's contribution is not acknowledged. On the other hand, it has been argued that professional writers improve the quality and readability of papers, speed up the publication process, and undertake important educational activities. These arguments are based on anecdote and opinion rather than on evidence from well‐conducted research. Although some recommendations have been proposed, there is no widely accepted published guidance about how writing assistance should be used. The biomedical community should consider implementing initiatives that will facilitate research about professional writing assistance – an outcome that would make for a better‐informed debate.
Authors and electronic publishing: what authors want from the new technology
Authors: Swan Alma , Brown Sheridan 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTResponses from almost 1,250 academic authors around the world were analysed to obtain their views on electronic publishing of learned journals. Currently, having a print version of journals is still more important to them than an electronic version. The issue of greatest importance to authors and readers is the continuing availability of back volumes, and there are strong concerns about pricing of electronic journals. The potential gains in publication speed through publishing electronically appear not to be a priority. Electronic preprint and reprint archives are used very little at present, with the exception of the physics and mathematics communities. Of all publisher‐mediated tasks, the peer‐review process is the most valued, followed by provision of citation‐linking. Respondents' views of future developments in electronic publishing are also explored.
E‐learning: new opportunities in continuing professional development
Authors: Klein Donald , Ware Mark 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThe growth in professional learning is opening up many new opportunities for the application of e‐learning to the world of continuing professional development (CPD). CPD programmes require professionals to engage in annual programmes of professional development, and in some cases revalidation or recertification. To date, most of this activity has been off‐line. Increasingly, CPD requirements will be satisfied through the use of learning resources available on‐line or packaged into specially tailored e‐learning courses. Societies and professional associations – as the primary managers and coordinators of CPD programmes – are in a strong position to expand upon their existing Web‐based initiatives to deliver a new generation of e‐learning services to their members.
Consortial licensing vs. tradition: breaking up is hard to do
Authors: Kohl David 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThis article describes the change in thinking that led to the development of OhioLINK. It examines the how the consortial licensing model works and looks at some of the research carried out into the questions raised by such arrangements. It concludes that, while some of the consortia's objectives have been achieved, continuing co‐operation is vital to ensure ongoing development and to address those issues which remain unresolved.
Editing an African scholarly journal
Authors: Pearce Carole 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTAfrican scholarly publishing faces multiple challenges in a vast continent where scholars themselves are handicapped by poor facilities and often find it difficult to publish in scholarly journals abroad. The Journal of Social Development in Africa attempts to meet these challenges by offering a dedicated service to scholars, improved reviewing practices, marketing on the Internet, expanding email communication, and by attempting to collaborate and network with similar publishers in Africa and abroad.
Text retrieval: an overview
Authors: Gilchrist Alan 
Published: January 2003

ABSTRACTThe current state of the art of text retrieval, and indications of radical developments to come, should be of concern to all involved in text processing in the information chain from author to end‐user. This brief overview, slanted towards the interests of publishers, looks at the recent history of retrieval techniques, and present attempts to deal with information overload and the relative inability of many to conduct effective searches. As networks proliferate, the problem of ‘mapping’ between databases increases in complexity, and mention is made of attempts by the UK government to establish a system to support interdepartmental search and ‘open government’. The Semantic Web is seen as the next big development, but will require enormous effort. It is concluded that text retrieval is less often a separate facility as it is increasingly embedded, as a required tool, in larger systems.