bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of Lymph Node Metastases in Follicular Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Witte Jürgen , Goretzki Peter E. , Dieken Jan , Simon Dietmar , Röher Hans D. 
Published: October 2002

There are many concepts of risk and prognostic factor analysis for differentiated thyroid cancer. The prognostic role of lymph node metastases in follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), however, is still controversial. We performed a retrospective trial in 186 patients with FTC (124
women, 62 men; mean follow‐up 5.5 years) questioning whether lymph node metastases and radical thyroid surgery with neck dissection contribute to the prognosis of FTC. Univariate analysis demonstrated that lymph node metastasesp <0.005), tumor size (p <0.005), tumor stage (p <0.005), distant metastases p = 0.0063), and gender (p = 0.003) are significant prognostic factors for recurrence (Kaplan‐Meier). Tumor size (p =
0.004), lymph node metastases p = 0.0478), and distant metastases p = 0.0064) influenced mortality. Age and extent of surgery were not significant for recurrence nor was gender for mortality. Multivariate analysis (Cox regression test)
characterized tumor size (p <0.005) and lymph node metastases p = 0.004) as prognostic factors for recurrence of FTC. No significant difference was detected between patients being treated by thyroidectomy when compared to patients treated by thyroidectomy plus neck dissection in relation to recurrence. Our data demonstrate lymph node metastases to be a significant prognostic factor for recurrence of FTC and the patient’s survival. We advocate thyroidectomy plus central lymph node dissection as the basic surgical strategy. For T3 and T4 tumors, unilateral modified neck dissection is an all but optional procedure. Whether radical surgery with thyroidectomy plus neck dissection has an impact on survival remains questionable.
Reoperation for Renal Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Hibi Yatsuka , Tominaga Yoshihiro , Sato Tetsuhiko , Katayama Akio , Haba Toshihito , Uchida Kazuharu , Ichimori Toshihiro , Numano Masahiro , Tanaka Yuji , Takagi Hiroshi , Imai Tsuneo , Funahashi Hiroomi , Nakao Akimasa 
Published: October 2002

AbstractReoperation for secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) due to uremia (2HPT) may be required among patients with persistent renal failure if not all parathyroid glands are removed at the initial operation. Between March 1981 and July 2001,
altogether 1110 patients underwent total parathyroidectomy with forearm autograft for advanced 2HPT in our department. In this study, we evaluated the clinical features of patients who required reoperation and classified them into persistent HPT [the lowest intact parathyroid
(PTH) level after initial operation remained higher than 60 pg/ml] and recurrent HPT (the lowest intact PTH level was normalized after surgery but reelevated became high enough to require reoperation). Removal of residual glands was indicated in 30 (2.7%) cases for persistent or recurrent HPT. All remaining glands were detected by preoperative imaging diagnoses. In 44 (4.0%) patients persistent HPT was recognized and in 15 of them (1.4% of all cases) reoperation was required. In 11
cases, the responsible glands were supernumerary ones removed from the mediastinum. In 4 cases, the glands were resected from the neck. In 15
cases (1.4%), reoperation was performed for recurrent HPT when residual glands were left either in the neck or in the thymic tongue.
In all but one case, the missed glands were supernumerary. This study reveals that it is often difficult to avoid persistent HPT induced by mediastinal supernumerary glands and recurrent HPT caused by small glands left in the neck. Our findings indicate that patients with uremia should be closely followed considering the possibility that persistent or recurrent HPT may occur after parathyroidectomy.
Quality management practices and their relationship to buyer’s supplier ratings: a study in the Korean automotive industry
Authors: Park Seungwook , Hartley Janet L , Wilson Darryl 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis research explores if quality management practices are different among suppliers whose performance is rated high, medium, or low by a common buying company and identifies which specific practices contribute to the differences. The entire population of first‐tier suppliers to a Korean auto assembler was surveyed to measure use of quality management practices. Useable returns were received from 25% of the suppliers surveyed. To measure conformance quality and overall rating, suppliers were categorized into high, medium, and low performing groups based on the buying company’s data. Multivariate analysis of variance was done using general linear model (GLM‐MANOVA) to explore differences in the high‐, medium‐, and low‐performing supplier groups based on their use of quality management practices. No statistically significant differences were found when suppliers were categorized based on conformance quality. However, when categorized based on overall rating, the highest rated suppliers were found to emphasize process management and employee satisfaction to a greater degree than the lowest rated suppliers.
Relationships between implementation of TQM, JIT, and TPM and manufacturing performance
Authors: Cua Kristy O. , McKone Kathleen E. , Schroeder Roger G. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractResearch on Total Quality Management (TQM), Just‐in‐Time (JIT) and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) generally investigates the implementation and impact of these manufacturing programs in isolation. However, many researchers believe and argue conceptually the value of understanding the joint implementation and effect of manufacturing programs. This study investigates the practices of the three programs simultaneously. We find that there is evidence supporting the compatibility of the practices in these programs and that manufacturing performance is associated with the level of implementation of both socially‐ and technically‐oriented practices of the three programs.
Effective case research in operations management: a process perspective
Authors: Stuart I , McCutcheon D , Handfield R , McLachlin R , Samson D 
Published: October 2002

AbstractDespite many calls for case‐based operations management research, the successful publication rate of such articles in top‐tier journals has been less than stellar. A five step case‐based research and dissemination process is presented. Guidance is given to future researchers for each step in the process. In addition, areas of weakness are examined and discussed in detail. Future potential research questions in operations management considered to be appropriate for the case‐based method are highlighted.
Neutrophils and macrophages accumulate sequentially following Achilles tendon injury
Authors: Marsolais David , Cǒté Claude H. , Frenette Jérǒme 
Published: October 2002

AbstractStructural damage and inflammation occur following tendon injury. The purpose of this study was to determine the time course of inflammatory cell accumulation in two animal models of acute tendinopathy. In the first model, rat Achilles tendons were exposed by blunt dissection, injected with collagenase and sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. In the second model, collagenase was injected percutaneously and rats were sacrificed after 1 and 3 days. Sham animals were sacrificed at 1 and 3 days in both models. Neutrophil and ED1+ macrophage populations increased by 46‐ and 18‐fold, respectively, after 1 day in surgically exposed Achilles tendons (EAT) injected with collagenase. Neutrophils dropped by 70% while the concentration of ED1+ macrophages remained constant at day 3 post‐injury. Neutrophils and ED1+ macrophages returned to control values after 7 and 14 days, respectively. ED2+ macrophages showed a tendency to increase at day 28 although no significant difference was observed relative to ambulatory controls. Collagenase injected percutaneously reduced the extent of inflammation compared with operated animals. Thus, injured tendons exhibited a specific sequence of inflammatory cell accumulation which varied in intensity according to the modality used for collagenase injection. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mixed‐mode failure response of the cement–bone interface
Authors: Mann Kenneth A. , Mocarski Robbin , Damron Leatha A. , Allen Matthew J. , Ayers David C. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractMechanical failure of the cement—bone interface can contribute to clinical loosening of cemented total hip replacements. The conditions that cause loosening are poorly understood, in part, due to a lack of information on the mechanical behavior of the cement—bone interface. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanical behavior of the cement—bone interface due to mixed‐mode (combined tension and shear) loading and to develop a failure model for the cement—bone interface. Laboratory tests of machined cement—bone test specimens were performed with mixed‐mode loading conditions (loading angles of 22.5°, 45°, and 67.5°) to determine the mechanical response in the pre‐yield and post‐yield state. After accounting for the quantity of interdigitated bone as a covariate, the mixed‐mode data were combined with previous tension (0°) and shear data (90°) to develop a failure model for the cement—bone interface. The strength of the interface was positively correlated with the quantity of interdigitated bone (r2 = 0.70, 0.53, 0.49, for 22.5°, 45°, and 67.5°, respectively). There was a significant increase in failure strength (P < 0.001) with increasing mixed‐mode angle. When all data were incorporated into an elliptical failure criterion, the average error between the actual and predicted strength was 33%. These results can now be incorporated into constitutive models of the cement—bone interface to determine the initiation and progression of interface failure in cemented total hip replacements. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Compressive properties and function—composition relationships of developing bovine articular cartilage
Authors: Williamson Amanda K. , Chen Albert C. , Sah Robert L. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe composition of cartilage is known to change during fetal and postnatal development. The objectives of this study were to characterize the compressive biomechanical properties of the 1 mm thick articular layer of cartilage of the distal femur from third‐trimester bovine fetuses, from 1 to 3 week old bovine calf and from young adult bovine knees, and to correlate these properties with tissue components. The confined compression modulus increased 180% from the fetus to the calf and adult. The hydraulic permeability at 45% offset compression (relative to the free‐swelling thickness) decreased by 70% from fetus to adult. These development‐associated changes in biomechanical properties were primarily associated with a marked (∼2–3‐fold) increase during development in collagen content and no detectable change in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content. A role for collagen in the compressive properties of cartilage and the gradual increase in collagen during development suggest that collagen metabolism is critical for cartilage tissue engineering and repair therapies. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synovial fluid biomarker levels predict articular cartilage damage following complete medial meniscectomy in the canine knee
Authors: Carlson Cathy S. , Guilak Farshid , Vail Thomas P. , Gardin Jean F. , Kraus Virginia B. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to document the histological changes present in the tibial plateaus 12 weeks after complete medial meniscectomy in dogs and to determine if synovial lavage fluid biomarker levels are predictive of the severity of joint damage. Twelve adult dogs underwent complete unilateral medial meniscectomy and synovial lavage fluid biomarker levels, including cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), keratan sulfate (5D4), 3B3(−), and 3B3(+), were measured serially at 4‐week intervals. The dogs were euthanized 12 weeks after surgery and each medial and lateral tibial plateau from the meniscectomized and contralateral knees was graded histologically. Histological data were analyzed using principal components analysis, which resulted in 4 factors that explained 70% of the variation in the data. Factor 2 (weighted most heavily by subchondral bone thickness) and Factor 3 (representative of articular cartilage damage) were significantly affected by compartmental site (P < 0.01 for both). Both of these factors were highest in the medial tibial plateau of the meniscectomized knee, and Factor 3 was significantly higher in this site than in the medial tibial plateau of the contralateral knee (P < 0.01). Peak levels of all 4 synovial lavage fluid biomarkers occurred at 4 weeks post‐meniscectomy and 4‐week minus baseline levels of all biomarkers were significantly correlated with the Factor 3 scores. This study demonstrates that significant articular cartilage damage occurs relatively quickly following complete medial meniscectomy in dogs and establishes the content and criterion validity for these synovial fluid lavage biomarkers in canine meniscectomy as surrogate measures of articular cartilage damage. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Tissue response during monofocal and bifocal leg lengthening in patients
Authors: Aarnes Gudrun Trøite , Steen Harald , Kristiansen Leif Pål , Ludvigsen Per , Reikerås Olav 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to compare the tissue response during mono‐ and bifocal limb lengthening. The study includes four patients undergoing leg lengthening. All patients started out bifocally with a total diurnal distraction of 1.75 mm, but proceeded monofocally with a rate of 1 mm a day when the distal distraction was terminated due to contractures or pain. The tissue response was monitored by registration of axial force in the distraction rods. The force increased linearly during bifocal lengthening, but culminated or decreased in the period of monofocal lengthening. Average tissue stiffness, defined as the immediate force increase due to each 0.25 mm distraction increment, was significantly higher in the bifocal lengthening phase. The force decay between each distraction was significantly lower during bifocal lengthening, thus indicating decreased tissue accommodation. Details in the force registrations indicated that the soft tissue, not the regenerate, was the main contributor to the tensile force. Conclusively, the tissues at the two osteotomy sites do not lengthen independently. Bifocal lengthening exposes the entire soft tissue to large loads, resulting in increased tissue stiffness and reduced ability to adapt to the increased length. Accordingly, bifocal leg lengthening requires special attention to soft tissue adaptation. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
An in vivo study of peripheral nerves in continuity: biomechanical and physiological responses to elongation
Authors: Driscoll Peter J. , Glasby Michael A. , Lawson Graham M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractUsing an animal model, the in vivo visco‐elastic properties of peripheral nerve in continuity were examined. The nerves were stretched by either 1 cm – Group A (8.8% strain) or 2 cm – Group B (16.1% strain). At constant strain, the stress‐relaxation curves were plotted. Maximal relaxation was observed in the first 20 min. After 1 h, the decrease in tensions in Groups A and B were 36.8% and 41.8%, respectively. Throughout this hour and for 30 min after the release of tension, regular recordings of nerve blood flow using laser doppler flowmetry and peak nerve conduction velocity were taken. Nerve blood flow was reduced by similar amounts (Group A, 70%; Group B, 78%) by application of traction. On release, however, Group A displayed a reactive hyperaemia (blood flow 151% starting value) while Group B failed to recover (50% starting value at 30 min). Peak nerve conduction velocity was not significantly altered in Group A in response to traction, whereas in Group B the result was a gradual, but significant reduction in peak velocity to 66% starting value. The lack of correlation between blood flow and peak nerve conduction velocity in these studies suggests that ischaemia is not solely responsible for the increased latency. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The X‐ray attenuation characteristics and density of human calcaneal marrow do not change significantly during adulthood
Authors: Les C. M. , Whalen R. T. , Beaupré G. S. , Yan C. H. , Cleek T. M. , Wills J. S. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractChanges in the material characteristics of bone marrow with aging can be a significant source of error in measurements of bone density when using X‐ray and ultrasound imaging modalities. In the context of computed tomography, dual‐energy computed techniques have been used to correct for changes in marrow composition. However, dual‐energy quantitative computed tomography (DE‐QCT) protocols, while increasing the accuracy of the measurement, reduce the precision and increase the radiation dose to the patient in comparison to single‐energy quantitative computed tomography (SE‐QCT) protocols. If the attenuation properties of the marrow for a particular bone can be shown to be relatively constant with age, it should be possible to use single‐energy techniques without experiencing errors caused by unknown marrow composition.Marrow was extracted by centrifugation from 10 mm thick frontal sections of 34 adult cadaver calcanei (28 males, 6 females, ages 17–65 years). The density and energy‐dependent linear X‐ray attenuation coefficient of each marrow sample were determined. For purposes of comparing our results, we then computed an effective CT number at two GE CT/i scan voltages (80 and 120 kVp) for each specimen. The coefficients of variation for the density, CT number at 80 kVp and CT number at 120 kVp were each less than 1%, and the parameters did not change significantly with age (p > 0.2, r2 < 0.02, power > 0.8 where the minimum acceptable r2 = 0.216). We could demonstrate no significant gender‐associated differences in these relationships. These data suggest that calcaneal bone marrow X‐ray attenuation properties and marrow density are essentially constant from the third through sixth decades of life. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
High frequency distraction improves tissue adaptation during leg lengthening in humans
Authors: Aarnes Gudrun Trøite , Steen Harald , Ludvigsen Per , Kristiansen Leif PÅL , Reikerås Olav 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe present study investigates the effect of distraction frequency on the development of tensile force in the tissues during lengthening. Two patients with bilateral Ilizarov leg lengthening underwent distraction with high frequency in one leg and low frequency in the other. The clinical situation represented a unique model for investigating the effect of distraction frequency, as each individual served as its own control. Both patients had double level lengthening. Distraction frequency at the proximal lengthening zone was 0.25 mm × 4 in the first leg and 1/1440 mm once every minute in the other. Total diurnal distraction at the proximal metaphysis was 1 mm in both legs. In addition, a distal metaphyseal distraction of 0.25 mm × 3 daily was performed on each leg. The tissue's mechanical response was monitored by measuring the tensile force at the proximal osteotomy. Both patients experienced a significant lower level of force during the high frequency lengthening. The lower level of force was concluded to be due to improved soft tissue adaptation, rather than reduced bone regeneration. Accordingly, high distraction frequency was considered favourable to low frequency, and is recommended in large lengthenings where high force levels are expected. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fatigue crack growth rate does not depend on mantle thickness: an idealized cemented stem construct under torsional loading
Authors: Hertzler Justin , Miller Mark A. , Mann Kenneth A. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractRetrieval studies indicate that cemented stem loosening in femoral components of total hip replacement can initiate at the stem‐cement interface. The etiology of the crack propagation process from the stem‐cement interface is not well understood, but cracks are typically associated with thin cement mantles. In this study, a combination of experimental and computational methods was used to investigate the fatigue crack propagation process from the stem‐PMMA cement interface using a novel torsional loading model. Constructs with thin (1 mm), medium (3 mm) or thick (7 mm) cement mantles were evaluated. Crack growth was stable for all cases and the rate of crack growth diminished with increasing crack length. Crack growth rate did not depend on mantle thickness (p > 0.05) over the first 1 mm of crack length, but cracks in thin mantles reached the full thickness of the mantle in the fewest number of loading cycles. The fracture mechanics‐based finite element models indicated decreased stress intensity factors with increasing crack length and were consistent with the experimental findings. When combined with a fatigue crack growth Paris‐law for PMMA cement, the finite element models provided reasonable predictions of the crack growth process. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effect of a heart failure clinic on survival and hospital readmission in patients discharged from acute hospital care
Authors: Azevedo Ana , Pimenta Joana , Dias Paula , Bettencourt Paulo , Ferreira António , Cerqueira‐Gomes Mário 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAmbulatory care by physicians especially devoted to the management of heart failure (HF) has been reported to have beneficial effects. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of outpatient management at a HF clinic, as compared with care by the usual assistant physician, on prognosis of HF patients. In this non‐randomised study, we prospectively followed 339 patients after a hospitalisation index for HF, in order to compare prognosis between two groups of HF patients according to the ambulatory assistance setting: either a specific outpatient clinic (n‐157) or the usual assistant physician (n‐182). The outcomes assessed were all‐cause death or cardiac‐cause rehospitalisation during the first month after discharge and survival over the longer term. The risk of dying or being readmitted during the first month after discharge was significantly lower in patients followed at the HF clinic (adjusted odds ratio 0.23; 95% CI 0.12–0.46). Patients followed in the HF clinic also had an independent significantly lower hazard of dying during a longer‐term follow up of average length 373 days (adjusted hazard ratio 0.52; 95% CI 0.34–0.81). The results support the fact that a multidisciplinary and permanently available medical staff might be of relevance in improving outcomes in HF patients.