bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAP positive cancer-associated fibroblasts promote tumor progression and radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by transferring exosomal lncRNA AFAP1-AS1
Authors: Zhou Xilei , tong yu-suo , Yu Changhua , Pu Juan , Zhu Weiguo , Zhou Yun , Wang Yuandong , Xiong Yaozu , Sun Xinchen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are abundant and heterogeneous stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, which play important roles in regulating tumor progression and therapy resistance by transferring exosomes to cancer cells. However, how CAFs modulate esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression and radioresistance remains incompletely understood.
Methods
The expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in CAFs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 174 ESCC patients who underwent surgery and 78 pretreatment biopsy specimens of ESCC patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy. We sorted CAFs according to FAP expression, and the conditioned medium (CM) was collected to culture ESCC cells. The expression levels of several lncRNAs that were considered to regulate ESCC progression and/or radioresistance were measured in exosomes derived from FAP+ CAFs and FAP– CAFs. Subsequently, cell counting kit-8, EdU, transwell, colony formation, and xenograft assays were performed to investigate the functional differences between FAP+ CAFs and FAP– CAFs. Finally, a series of in vitro and in vivo assays were used to evaluate the effect of AFAP1-AS1 on radiosensitivity of ESCC cells.
Results
FAP expression in stromal CAFs was positively correlated with nerve invasion, vascular invasion, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, lack of clinical complete response and poor survival. Culture of ESCC cells with CM/FAP+ CAFs significantly increased cancer proliferation, migration, invasion and radioresistance, compared with culture with CM/FAP– CAFs. Importantly, FAP+ CAFs exert their roles by directly transferring the functional lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 to ESCC cells via exosomes. Functional studies showed that AFAP1-AS1 promoted radioresistance by enhancing DNA damage repair in ESCC cells. Clinically, high levels of plasma AFAP1-AS1 correlated with poor responses to dCRT in ESCC patients.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrated that FAP+ CAFs promoted radioresistance in ESCC cells through transferring exosomal lncRNA AFAP1-AS1; and may be a potential therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
Mothers`knowledge about Mother-to Child Transmission and Preventions: A qualitative study in the Limpopo Province Option B+ PMTCT post-delivery programmes, South Africa.
Authors: Ramoshaba Refilwe , Batisai Kezia , Palmary Ingrid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background. Awareness and knowledge about Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) and prevention measure are important to combat MTCT in the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) postpartum phase. Nevertheless, knowledge about MTCT remains inadequate among mothers with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) despite strong evidence of the importance and effectiveness of PMTCT services. This study aims to explore the awareness or knowledge about MTCT and health-seeking behaviours among HIV positive mothers who are Loss to follow-up (LTFU) and mothers who are not LTFU.
Methods. The study applied a qualitative phenomenology research design. Using purposive sampling technique, a sample of 18 HIV positive mothers who were LTFU and 20 HIV positive mother who were not LTFU were included in this study. Semi-structured interviews were used to conduct data at five health facilities in the Capricorn and Mopani Districts of the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Data was analysed using thematic data analysis method.
Results. The findings reveal that most of the mothers who were LTFU and mothers who were not LTFU were not aware and did not know that a mother can transmit HIV to her child during pregnancy and delivery. Although most of the mothers were aware of MTCT during breastfeeding, they believed that breastmilk does not contain or store HIV. The mothers who were LTFU were aware of prevention measures and emphasized on the importance of HIV treatment as an important measure to prevent MTCT. They were aware that PMTCT post-natal services are important in reducing the spread of HIV. Even with the knowledge about HIV treatment and how to prevent MTCT, the mothers failed to adhere to treatment and clinic appointments.
Conclusion. The mothers` knowledge about MTCT and prevention measures did not positively influence health-seeking behaviours. To promote services use, awareness campaigns should provide quality information about the danger of LTFU and non-adherence.
Pre-COVID-19 Short Sleep Duration and Eveningness Chronotype are Associated with Incident Suicide Ideation During COVID-19 Pandemic in Medical Students: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng Dandan , Qin Qingsong , Peng Yingyin , Zhong Hao , Huang Yerui , Wang Hongjie , Tan Qiqing , Li Yun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Cross-sectional evidence suggests that sleep problems increased the risk of suicide during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, a lack of longitudinal studies examined the relationship between pre-COVID-19 sleep duration, chronotype and incident suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, we examined these associations in a longitudinal study of medical students.
Methods: From the Shantou College Student Sleep Cohort, a total of 333 first and second grade medical students (age 19.41±0.82 years, female 61.26%), without suicidal ideation (SI) at pre-COVID-19 period, were followed up during the COVID-19 pandemic. Incident SI was defined by their response to the 9th question from the Beck Depression Inventory. Short sleep duration was defined as less than 7 hours/night. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was used to evaluate the participants’ chronotype. Logistic regression with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was used to examine the association between sleep and SI.
Results: The prevalence rate of incident SI during the COVID-19 pandemic was 5.71%. Logistic regressions showed that both short sleep duration (AOR=4.91, 95%CI=1.16-20.74) and eveningness (AOR=3.80, 95%CI=1.08-13.30) in the pre-COVID-19 period, after adjusting for confounders, were associated with increased risk of incident SI during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Conclusions: Pre-COVID-19 short sleep duration and eveningness are predictors for incident SI during the COVID-19 pandemic in medical students. Prolonging sleep duration may help to decrease SI during major public health crises in medical students.
Elicitation improves the production of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in cell suspension culture of Withania coagulans (stocks) Dunal
Authors: Allahdou Maryam , Dorrazehi Marie , Fakheri Barat Ali , Mehravaran Leila 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Abiotic and biotic elicitors may induce higher synthesis of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants. In the present study, the impact of abiotic (salicylic acid (SA)) and biotic (cellulase from Aspergillus nigari (CE)) elicitors with 200 mg/L concentration at 24, 48 and 72 h treatment durations was evaluated on total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) and withaferin A and withanolide A compounds (analyzed by HPLC) as well as free radicals scavenging activity in cell suspension culture derived from leaf and stem explants of Withania coagulans (stocks) Dunal for the their production in commercial level. The results of this investigation revealed that all elicitors treated cell cultures obviously promoted TPC, TFC, withaferin A and withanolide A accumulation as well as antioxidant activity. Also, these characteristics increased as treatment duration of SA and CE elicitors enhanced in both leaf and stem cell extracts and reached a maximum at 72 h treatment duration. In most treatments, TPC and TFC of leaf cell extracts did not has significant difference with TPC and TFC of stem cell extracts. In contrast, the leaf cell extracts had higher withaferin A and withanolide A amounts when compared to stem cell extracts under all treatments. The highest values of TPC, TFC, withaferin A, withanolide A, and antioxidant activity observed in SA elicitor treated leaf cell extracts at 72 h treatment duration (16.31 mg GAE/g DW and 1.61-fold, 13.21 mg QE/g DW and 2.46-fold, 14.46 µg/g DW and 3.08-fold, 6.67 µg/g DW and 1.99-fold, and 83.73% and 1.78-fold higher than control culture, respectively). Therefore, elicitation can be applied as a promising strategy for large-scale production of W. coagulans valuable secondary metabolites in cell suspension culture at commercial level.
Selective extraction of Crocin from Saffron using modified magnetic nanoparticles coated with molecularly imprinted polymer followed by UV-Visible spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Gholami Ali , Golestaneh Mahshid , Azari Hediye Bigdeli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Saffron is an expensive spice. One of its effective ingredients is crocin, which directly affects the quality and commercial value of saffron. Herein, a simple method has been developed based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) for sensitive and selective extraction of crocin from saffron. MMIPs were prepared using gentiobiose as the template molecule, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking agent, and Fe3O4@SiO2 as the magnetic support. Nanoparticle characterizations were performed using various techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). This study investigates different parameters affecting extraction efficiency, isothermal absorption experiments, kinetics absorption experiments, and the selectivity of MMIPs. The analytes were determined by UV-Vis spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result showed that the sorption of crocin is described by the pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption equilibrium data fit with the Freundlich model. Also, the sorbent had a homogeneous structure, and that the crocin sorption occurred through multilayer reversible sorption. Under the optimized conditions, the limit of detection and quantification obtained were 0.014 and 0.10 mg L− 1, respectively. The practical utility of the proposed method was evaluated via the extraction of crocin from real samples, with satisfactory results.
Reliability analysis of structures containing cracks based on kriging model
Authors: Liao Yashi , Zhang Sen , Zhang Xuhui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The fatigue reliability of structural elements with penetration cracks under stress loading is analysed using the Kriging model. The model is established using the “FEM + M integral” stress intensity factor modelling method, and the reliability of the numerical modelling is determined by comparing the theoretical and simulated values of the stress intensity factor. A kriging probability model is established, and the reliability of the cracked structure is obtained based on the mean point method and the Monte Carlo method. The influence law of the statistical characteristics of the random parameters on the reliability of crack containment specimens is investigated. It is concluded that the stress P is the most sensitive to the influence of the reliability of the cracked structure, followed by the crack length a, and the plate width W is the least sensitive to the influence of the reliability.
Flow field simulation of a hydrogeological exploration drill bit for switching coring drilling and non-coring drilling
Authors: Shi Yuanling , Li Conghui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Drilling is one of the most commonly techniques in hydrogeological exploration, which is employed to obtain rock samples and build boreholes. During conventional drilling, it needs to raise all drilling tools in the borehole, when switching coring drilling and non-coring drilling, which will cause large auxiliary operation time consumption and poor drilling efficiency. According to the structure of wireline coring tools, a large diameter modular drill bit is designed to switch coring drilling and non-coring drilling without lifting the whole drilling tools. In the Comsol simulation environment, a simulation model of the modular bit is constructed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Drilling fluid velocity and pressure characteristics flowing through the modular bit were studied, with different values of flow rate at the bit inlet, clearance between external bit and internal bit for coring drilling, and layout of nozzles at the bottom of the internal bit for non-coring drilling setting respectively. According to the analysis results, velocities of drilling fluid flowing upward at the clearance between external bit and borehole wall increases linearly, and the pressure at bit inlet increases in parabola, with the flow rate increasing. With the same input flow rate, similar velocities and lower pressure loss can be obtained in the non-coring drilling compared with the coring bit, and thus drilling cuttings can be removed effectively even if there are more drilling cuttings produced in non-coring drilling than in coring drilling, when a borehole is drilled with the same diameter. When the outside diameter of the modular bit is 216mm, the recommended clearance value is 9mm or 10mm in order to obtain lower pressure loss and larger diameter core. To generate low pressure loss and ensure bit strength, the layout with 4 nozzles on the internal non-coring bit is recommended. The modular bit enables fast switching coring drilling and non-coring drilling without raising drilling tools, and the simulation model can be used for drilling parameters selection and drill bits optimization.
Mendelian randomization studies reveal the risk of inflammatory bowel disease onset associated with certain dietary factors
Authors: Li Fan , Wang Zhi , Chang Yu , Zhao Qi , Wang Zhaodi , Xu Zifeng , Han Xiaoping , Li Yuqin , Tang Tongyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aims: Dietary factors have been extensively explored as an environmental factor that can affect the onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in observational studies. However, the pres-ence of multiple unavoidable confounding factors has made direct and accurate elucidation of the conclusions difficult. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal effect of dietary factors on the onset of IBD.
Methods: We conducted MR analysis of the impact of diet on IBD by using inverse-variance–weighted, weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger, and MR-Robust Adjusted Profile Score methods with genome-wide association study data from the UK Biobank and the International IBD Genetics Consortium (IIBDGC).
Results: MR studies showed that consuming mashed potatoes, sweet corn, baked beans, broad beans, whole-wheat pasta, cheese spreads, ham, and tinned tuna increased the risk of IBD. Consumption of plums, grapes, watercress, ham, sausages, fruit compotes, and artificially sweetened coffee increased the risk of Crohn’s disease. Additionally, consuming blue cheese, instant coffee, and chocolate cookies increased the risk of ulcerative colitis.
Conclusion: Different fruits and vegetables showed variable effects on the onset of IBD and its subtypes. Baked goods, dairy products, processed foods, and instant coffee had path-ogenic effects on IBD, while meat consumption did not show a direct association with IBD onset. The findings imply that changes in dietary patterns, rather than simply eliminating specific foods, are required to prevent the occurrence of IBD.
Efficacy and acceptance of virtual mentorship of maternal postpartum hemorrhage training Helping Mothers Survive Bleeding After Birth in Madagascar: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abou-Zamzam Aida , Colaco Julia , Niarison Howard Razanajatovo , Ravelojaona Vaonandianina Agnes , Shilkofski Nicole 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The Helping Mothers Survive: Bleeding After Birth (HMS:BAB) training has been shown to reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage among women in low-resource settings. Given Covid-19 pandemic related restrictions, a virtual adaptation of the training was necessary to continue the distribution of this life-saving curriculum.
Method
A virtually mentored HMS:BAB training (VT) was piloted in Antsirabe, Madagascar. US-based master trainers joined local Malagasy trainers as course mentors via Zoom. The MD AirSupport system was incorporated into this virtual training to assess the utility of this technology in this setting. Eight months later, local Malagasy trainers led a new cohort of participants through an independent HMS:BAB training (IT). Attitudes towards the virtual training were surveyed. Knowledge and skill acquisition were assessed via written assessments and observed structured clinical examinations (OSCEs).
Results
A total of 78 participants completed the training, 19 in the VT and 59 in the IT. Participants performed comparably on the written assessment during VT compared to IT (87.4% vs. 90.6%, p = 0.19). Participants demonstrated similar scores on OSCE 1 in VT versus IT (95.6% vs. 97.7%, p = 0.16). IT participants performed significantly better on OSCE 3 versus VT (97.6% vs. 93.4%, p < 0.01). The MD AirSupport system faced some technological limitations such as battery capacity and noise pollution but was successfully integrated into the VT. Survey results showed that most participants (88.3%, n = 68) did not have Wi-Fi access in their workplaces. The majority of participants thought the training could be cost effective if it were distributed online (73.4%, n = 56) and preferred a virtual refresher training versus an in-person training (58.4%, n = 45).
Conclusions
Local trainers in Madagascar were able to successfully distribute the HMS:BAB training after participating in a virtually mentored training, as demonstrated by comparable written assessment and OSCE scores. The virtual course adaptations piloted in this training are feasible, but infrastructural obstacles remain that prevent a fully remote dissemination of this curriculum despite desire.
Spin–Orbit-Lattice Locking in Strain-Engineered Sr2FeReO6 Double Perovskites
Authors: Choi Si-Young , Noh Gahee , Lee Hansol , Kim Yong-Jin , Jin Yeongrok , Lee Donghwa , Lee Ho Nyung , Lee Jaekwang , Yang Chan-Ho , Sohn Changhee 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ferromagnetic double perovskites utilizing d-orbitals exhibit appealing physical properties due to their unique electronic band structures, which involve a combination of 3d and 5d orbitals. These magnetic and electronic properties can be also manipulated by strain, thus resulting in spin-orbit-lattice locking. Here, we demonstrate that strain-assisted spin-orbit-lattice locking can be a powerful tool for modulating the magnetic and electronic properties in Sr2FeReO6, a 3d–5d ferromagnetic double perovskite. Intriguingly, pliable Re orbitals along with the crystallogrphic asymmetry exhibit strain-sign-dependent reversal of orbital polarization, leading to variations in magnetic anisotropy and electronic properties. This work provides valuable insights into the tunability of magnetism and transport characteristics in 3d–5d ferromagnetic double perovskite for the development of spintronic devices.
Prevalence of Echocardiographic Abnormalities in HIV-Infected Adults on Long-Term Combination Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Luo Ling , Li Xi , Song Xiaojing , Lv Wei , Liu Zhengyin , Wang Huanling , Han Yang , Li Xiaoxia , Li Yanling , Chen Tielong , Xiong Yong , He Yun , Li Huiqing , Ye Hanhui , Cao Wei , Li Tai-Sheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of cardiac dysfunction in people living with HIV (PLWH) on long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Asia remains unclear. This study sought to investigate the prevalence of echocardiographic dysfunction in Chinese PLWH on long-term cART and explore related risk factors.
Methods
The Chinese Long-Term Antiretroviral Treatment (CLTA) study is a multi-center, prospective cohort study aimed to determine the comorbidities in PLWH treated on long-term cART. 371 PLWH on long-term cART were enrolled in the echocardiographic substudy. 268 cART-Naïve PLWH and 110 HIV-negative individuals were included as control groups after being matched for gender, age and blood pressure. The prevalence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was assessed and compared between different groups.
Results
The median age of the long-term CART (CLTA) group was 41.1 years (83.3% male). The CLTA participants had received cART for a median of 6.2 years with a current CD4+ T cell count 509 cells/mm3. 99.1% of them were viral suppressed. The prevalence of LVSD, PAH and LVH in the CLTA group was 1.1%, 3.9%, 10.3%, respectively. Among 268 pairs of CLTA and cART-Naïve PLWH, CLTA group had a significantly lower prevalence of PAH (4.0% vs 12.7 %, P=0.010). Among 110 pairs of CLTA and HIV-negative controls, the CLTA group had a significantly higher prevalence of LVH than HIV-negative controls (23.8% vs 5.5%, P=0.004). Incomplete immune reconstitution (CD4 <350 cells/mm3, OR=4.286, P=0.007), female gender (OR=18.014, P<0.001) and elevated triglycerides (OR=1.199, P=0.008) were associated with increased risk of LVH in PLWH on long-term cART.
Conclusions
In this Chinese PLWH on long-term cART cohort, the prevalence of LVSD and PAH are relatively low. Compared with HIV-negative controls, PLWH on long-term cART had a higher prevalence of LVH, which is associated with both traditional CVD risk factors and incomplete immune reconstitution.
Trial Registration
The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04463810)
Left Knee Septic Monoarthritis in a Pediatric Patient due to Shewanella putrefaciens: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Madrid Nathalie Yepes , Mejia Luis Fernando , Urrego Jose Fernando Gomez 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Shewanella putrefaciens is a gram-negative, non-fermenting, oxidase-positive, hydrogen sulfate-producing bacillus, a halophilic bacterium. Responsible for unusual infections in humans; considering itself an opportunistic germ in many patients. With varied symptoms in the literature, generating a significant impact on human health with a total of 260 disorders described in the literature in the last 40 years, which indicates the potential danger it represents.
Case presentation:
We present the case of a previously healthy 15-year-old male patient with a self-inflicted sharp-object injury while doing fieldwork and a secondary septic monoarthritis due to Shewanella putrefaciens.
Conclusions
We describe the bacteriological, and clinical characteristics and antibiogram of this bacteria spp since in recent years there has been an increase in notifications of Shewanella infections, mainly by S. algae and S. putrefaciens; which leads us to keep it in mind in patients whose clinical history shows evidence of contact with bodies of water due to the special resistance patterns that must be taken into account when managing these patients, so as not to induce intrinsic antimicrobial resistance.