bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Federal and provincial legislation regarding ‘Right to Information' for good governance in Pakistan
Authors: Afzal Jamil , Yongmei Chen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSince democracy is the only political system that considers the views of the general populace, most states have switched over to democratic political systems over time. The right to vote allows citizens to directly or indirectly elect the representatives of their choice in democracies; Good governance is a term that is only applied to this one system, a transparent, participatory, and accountable government. The phrase "good governance" refers to a system of government that upholds the rights of its citizens, gives them equal access to opportunities, considers the views of the general public, and makes its policies clear to the general populace and refrains from engaging in dishonest practices. It is referred to as a government that values participation, accountability, and transparency and ensures that all citizens are treated equally under the law. As time goes on, laws are made to increase government accountability and transparency; for this reason, the right to information is included in the constitutions of the vast majority of states. Through the exercise of this right, the public will have access to information about public matters, enabling them to monitor the government. As a result, corruption will be reduced and a more accountable system of government will be established; in addition, it will make corruption and the abuse of power more difficult. The constitution of 1973 was amended in April of 2010 to include 19-A Article regarding the RTI in order to design a more explicit, participatory, and accountable structure. Pakistan is a democratic country with a separate chapter on fundamental rights and this research paper aims to examine how Pakistan's RTI can put up good governance. This study looks at the regulatory structures of Pakistan's right-to-information laws and asks if the intended goals of openness and good governance have been met?
Creating an Effective Mediation Scheme for Business-Related Human Rights Abuses: The Case of Ukraine
Authors: Mazaraki Nataliia , Tsuvina Tetiana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNon-judicial remedies for corporate human rights abuses have a viable and complementary role to judicial remedies in mature jurisdictions, although in Ukraine the ‘bouquet’ of effective remedies is more of a still-life. The national mediation community is gaining momentum and the authors argue that mediation may take place within state-based non-judicial remedies when institutionalized by the office of the Ombudsman. The objective of this article is to scrutinize the rule of law, access to justice, and the effectiveness criteria of the UNGPs with regard to mediation. The authors conclude that mediation can meet all of the effectiveness criteria requirements and special effort should be devoted to addressing the challenges of power imbalances between parties, the confidential nature of mediation and the public demand for transparency, to ensure that mediation outcomes are in accord with internationally recognized human rights. Based on the findings, the authors suggest that a state-based business and human rights mediation scheme, in line with the UNGPs’ effectiveness criteria, should have its own three pillars, namely, accessibility, availability and awareness, with quality assurance as its cornerstone.
Low complexity subshifts have discrete spectrum
Authors: Creutz Darren , Pavlov Ronnie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We prove results about subshifts with linear (word) complexity, meaning that

$\limsup \frac {p(n)}{n} < \infty $

, where for every n,

$p(n)$

is the number of n-letter words appearing in sequences in the subshift. Denoting this limsup by C, we show that when

$C < \frac {4}{3}$

, the subshift has discrete spectrum, that is, is measurably isomorphic to a rotation of a compact abelian group with Haar measure. We also give an example with

$C = \frac {3}{2}$

which has a weak mixing measure. This partially answers an open question of Ferenczi, who asked whether

$C = \frac {5}{3}$

was the minimum possible among such subshifts; our results show that the infimum in fact lies in

$[\frac {4}{3}, \frac {3}{2}]$

. All results are consequences of a general S-adic/substitutive structure proved when

$C < \frac {4}{3}$

.
Photographic evidence from a recreational angler of the northernmost record of the bull shark Carcharhinus leucas (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhinidae) in the western Pacific Ocean
Authors: Ogata Yukiya , Murase Atsunobu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Photographs of a single shark specimen (1040 mm in total length) caught in the Oyodo River estuary, Miyazaki Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan, by a recreational angler and uploaded to the social networking service Facebook, were identified as a juvenile specimen of the bull shark Carcharhinus leucas. The photographic record, now deposited in the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History collection, represents the northernmost record of this species in the western Pacific Ocean. Although C. leucas is known to utilize primarily tropical estuarine habitats as nursery grounds, a few reports exist regarding the utilization of subtropical and warm-temperate latitude estuaries, as in this case. From the perspectives of species conservation and shark-bite mitigation in warm-temperate latitudes, further information on C. leucas occurrence around its northern distribution limit is required.
Executive coalition building
Authors: Napolio Nicholas G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhy do executive agencies form coalitions? Legislative coalitions are widely theorized and studied, but less attention has been paid to executive coalitions. Executive agencies’ dependence on the political branches calls for a distinctive theory of coalition building. This article presents such a theory, arguing that agencies form coalitions to optimize their autonomy given their subordinate position in a separation of powers system by signaling to overseers that their policies are efficient and should be maintained. Bureaucrats form coalitions actively to advance their policy goals in the face of political opposition. Using data on dozens of agencies over seventeen years, I find that agencies are most likely to form coalitions when their preferences are misaligned with the president but aligned with each other. I also find evidence that coalitions send credible signals that bureaucratic policies are efficient since Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs is less likely to request regulatory revisions of policies produced by coalitions.
Mapping high-altitude peatlands to inform a landscape conservation strategy in the Andes of northern Peru
Authors: Curatola Fernández Giulia F , Makowski Giannoni Sandro , Delgado Florián Ellen , Rengifo Piero , Rascón Jesús , Chichipe Vela Elder , Butrich Carolina , Salas López Rolando , Oliva-Cruz Manuel , Scheske Christel 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe wetlands of the jalca ecoregion in the Andes of northern Peru form peat and play a major role in the hydrological ecosystem services of the ecoregion. Although peat is globally valued for carbon sequestration and storage, peatlands have not yet been mapped in the jalca. In this region, the Gocta waterfall, one of the 20 highest waterfalls in the world, depends on the jalca’s wetlands ecosystem. The local population depends on tourism to the waterfall and is concerned about preserving its drainage area. To inform conservation planning, in this study we delimited the drainage area of the Gocta waterfall and identified land tenure by applying Geographic Information System (GIS), remote sensing and participatory mapping techniques. Then, by classifying optical, radar and digital elevation models data, we mapped peatland in the jalca of the Gocta drainage area with an overall accuracy of 97.1%. Our results will inform conservation strategy in this complex area of communal, private and informal land tenure systems. At a regional level, this appears to be the first attempt at mapping peatlands using remote sensing imagery in the jalca ecoregion, and it represents a milestone for future efforts to map and conserve peatlands in other tropical mountain areas of the world.
Posterior pericardial window: a simple and reproducible technique in order to prevent pericardial tamponade in paediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: Simsek Baran , Ozyuksel Arda , Saygi Murat , Basaran Murat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective:Pericardial tamponade, which increases postoperative mortality and morbidity, is still not uncommon after paediatric cardiac surgery. We considered that posterior pericardiotomy may be a useful and safe technique in order to reduce the incidence of early and late pericardial tamponade. Herein, we present our experience with creation of posterior pericardial window following congenital cardiac surgical procedures.Methods:This retrospective study evaluated 229 patients who underwent paediatric cardiac surgical procedures between June 2021 and January 2023. A posterior pericardial window was created in all of the patients. In neonates and infants, pericardial window was performed at a size of 2x2 cm, whereas a 3x3 cm connection was established in elder children and young adults. A curved chest tube was placed and positioned at the posterolateral pericardiophrenic sinus. An additional straight anterior mediastinal chest tube was also inserted in every patient. Transthoracic echocardiographic evaluations were performed daily to assess postoperative pericardial effusion.Results:A total of 229 (135 male, 94 female) patients were operated. Mean age and body weight were 24.2 ± 26.7 months and 10.2 ± 6.7 kg, respectively. Eight (3.5%) of the patients were neonates where 109 (47.6%) were infants and 112 (48.9%) were in childhood. Fifty-two (22.7%) re-do operations were performed. Six (2.6%) patients underwent postoperative surgical re-exploration due to surgical site bleeding. Any early or late pericardial tamponade was not encountered in the study group.Conclusions:Posterior pericardial window is an effective and safe technique in order to prevent both the early and late pericardial tamponade after congenital cardiac surgery.
Do sports protect us from COVID-19? An evaluation of COVID-19 infection, vaccination status, and cardiac examination findings in children who exercise
Authors: Erol Nurdan , Erol Cigdem 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAim:The COVID-19 pandemic which has devastated the whole world for the past 3 years affects different patient groups differently. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, symptoms, and severity of COVID-19 infection, vaccination status, and cardiac pathologies of children who exercise.Material and methods:The records of the children and adolescents who applied to our paediatric cardiology outpatient clinic for preparticipation examinations between 01.01.22 and 31.12.2022 were scanned retrospectively, and information about their COVID-19 history, the severity of infection, symptoms during the infection, at the time of the examination, and vaccination status was obtained. The results were analysed using MS Excel 2016 software.Results:The study consisted of 240 children [82 (34.17%) girls and 158 (65.83%) boys] whose mean age was 12.64 ± 2.64 years, mean weight was 50.03 ± 15.53 kg, mean height was 157 ± 15.09 cm, and mean body mass index was 19.65 ± 3.59. 129 cases had a COVID-19 history, 74 cases had no COVID-19 history, and 37 only had contact but no polymerase chain reaction positivity. 84 cases were mild, 19 were moderate, and 12 were asymptomatic. The most common symptoms were fatigue, malaise, headache, sore throat, and fever. 51 cases (35.15%) were vaccinated against COVID-19. No significant cardiac pathologies were detected in electrocardiography or echocardiographyConclusions:This study shows that COVID-19 infections in children who exercise are generally mild and self-limiting. Our findings suggest that exercise may have positive effects on immunity.
Use of the advisor™ HD Grid mapping catheter in transcatheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias in palliated CHD and children without CHD
Authors: Balli Şevket , Kanlioğlu Pınar , Altin Hüsnü F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective:In this study, we describe our experience utilising Advisor™ High Density (HD) Grid mapping catheter in transcatheter ablation of intraatrial re-entrant and focal atrial tachycardias with or without CHD.Methods:Forty-five consecutive patients with intraatrial re-entrant and focal atrial tachycardia who underwent a transcatheter ablation procedure by using Advisor™ HD Grid mapping catheter and high-density mapping system in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2023 were included into the study.Results:The mean age of the patients was 14.2 ± 7.3 years (6–32 years), and the mean weight was 48.3 ± 16.2 kg (22–83 kg). Of the total 45 patients, 21 were intraatrial re-entrant tachycardia and 25 were focal atrial tachycardia. Of the 21 re-entrant circuits, 15 were classified as cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent and 5 were non-cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent. In one patient, two re-entrant circuits were identified. A transbaffle ablation was successfully performed from the left atrium in one patient. Of the 25 focal atrial tachycardia, 19 were from right atrium and 6 were from left atrium. A cryoablation was performed in only one patient and radiofrequency ablation in others. The mean procedure time was 180 ± 64 minutes. The mean follow-up period was 69.3 ± 35.3 months. Acute success was 95.5%. Recurrence was noted in two patients (4.4%).Conclusion:Advisor™ HD Grid mapping catheter was found to be safe and achieved an acceptable success in transcatheter ablation of patients with intraatrial re-entrant tachycardia and focal atrial tachycardias.
Alteration of the embryonic microenvironment and sex-specific responses of the preimplantation embryo related to a maternal high-fat diet in the rabbit model
Authors: Calderari Sophie , Archilla Catherine , Jouneau Luc , Daniel Nathalie , Peynot Nathalie , Dahirel Michele , Richard Christophe , Mourier Eve , Schmaltz-Panneau Barbara , Vitorino Carvalho Anaïs , Rousseau-Ralliard Delphine , Lager Franck , Marchiol Carmen , Renault Gilles , Gatien Julie , Nadal-Desbarats Lydie , Couturier-Tarrade Anne , Duranthon Véronique , Chavatte-Palmer Pascale 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe maternal metabolic environment can be detrimental to the health of the offspring. In a previous work, we showed that maternal high-fat (HH) feeding in rabbit induced sex-dependent metabolic adaptation in the fetus and led to metabolic syndrome in adult offspring. As early development representing a critical window of susceptibility, in the present work we aimed to explore the effects of the HH diet on the oocyte, preimplantation embryo and its microenvironment. In oocytes from females on HH diet, transcriptomic analysis revealed a weak modification in the content of transcripts mainly involved in meiosis and translational control. The effect of maternal HH diet on the embryonic microenvironment was investigated by identifying the metabolite composition of uterine and embryonic fluids collected in vivo by biomicroscopy. Metabolomic analysis revealed differences in the HH uterine fluid surrounding the embryo, with increased pyruvate concentration. Within the blastocoelic fluid, metabolomic profiles showed decreased glucose and alanine concentrations. In addition, the blastocyst transcriptome showed under-expression of genes and pathways involved in lipid, glucose and amino acid transport and metabolism, most pronounced in female embryos. This work demonstrates that the maternal HH diet disrupts the in vivo composition of the embryonic microenvironment, where the presence of nutrients is increased. In contrast to this nutrient-rich environment, the embryo presents a decrease in nutrient sensing and metabolism suggesting a potential protective process. In addition, this work identifies a very early sex-specific response to the maternal HH diet, from the blastocyst stage.
Digital gestresst durch Vorgesetzte?
Authors: Thelen Ilona , Garrel Jörg von 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung: Technostress – d. h. Stress, der aus dem Umgang mit digitalen Technologien resultiert – ist eine gravierende Schattenseite der voranschreitenden Digitalisierung der Arbeitswelt. Die negativen Auswirkungen dieses Phänomens sind bereits heute erkennbar. Sie beinhalten sowohl negative gesundheitliche Folgen für die betroffenen Mitarbeiter_innen als auch gravierende Folgekosten für Unternehmen durch gesteigerte Fehlzeiten sowie negative Auswirkungen auf Mitarbeiterproduktivität und -zufriedenheit. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, ob das Führungsverhalten einer Führungskraft die Entstehung von Technostress bei den ihr direkt unterstellten Mitarbeiter_innen beeinflusst. Darüber hinaus werden Einflüsse weiterer individueller und organisationaler Faktoren überprüft. Mittels validierter Erhebungsinstrumente werden selbstberichtete Daten von N=849 Mitarbeiter_innen deutscher Unternehmen erhoben. Die Einschätzung des Führungsverhaltens der direkten Führungskraft erfolgt auf Grundlage der Führungsstile des „Full Range of Leadership Modells“ nach Avolio und Bass (1991) unter Zuhilfenahme des MLQ 5x short. Die Ergebnisse der Datenauswertung mittels Strukturgleichungsmodellierung weisen darauf hin, dass das Führungsverhalten der bzw. des direkten Vorgesetzten Einfluss auf das Technostress-Empfinden der Mitarbeiter_innen hat.
Deep Ocean Circulation Governs Sedimentary CaCO3 Accumulation in the Northeast Pacific Ocean
Authors: Xia J. , Luo Y. , Tjiputra J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe meridional overturning circulation influences the deep‐sea carbon reservoir, global carbon cycle, and climate change on century to millennium time scales. However, the influence of deep‐sea circulation on sedimentary carbonate accumulation and thus deep‐sea carbonate system in the North Pacific Ocean is difficult to quantify owing to the complicated geometry of deep ocean ventilation attributed to its topographic complexity. In this study, we reanalyzed the distribution patterns of sedimentary calcium carbonate contents (wtCaCO3%) in the deep Northeast Pacific in a quantitative manner. Our results in conjunction with data from the Northwest Pacific Ocean, suggest that the deep ocean circulation plays a critical role in elucidating the basin‐scale features of sedimentary CaCO3 distribution in the North Pacific Ocean, despite elevated non‐carbonate dilution exerted by detritus from active geological processes on the topographic structure. Moreover, enhanced carbonate dissolution in the Guatemala and Panama Basins, controlled by higher flow rates of deep currents, influences the depth‐profiles of sedimentary wtCaCO3% in that region. These findings suggest a novel avenue to reconstruct past changes in ocean circulation and carbon cycling in the Northeast Pacific Ocean based on the wtCaCO3% records in sediments.
Detection and Attribution of Climate Change Using a Neural Network
Authors: Bône Constantin , Gastineau Guillaume , Thiria Sylvie , Gallinari Patrick , Mejia Carlos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA new detection and attribution method is presented and applied to the global mean surface air temperature (GSAT) from 1900 to 2014. The method aims at attributing the climate changes to the variations of greenhouse gases, anthropogenic aerosols, and natural forcings. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is trained using the simulated GSAT from historical and single‐forcing simulations of 12 climate models. Then, we perform a backward optimization with the CNN to estimate the attributable GSAT changes. Such a method does not assume additivity in the effects of the forcings. The uncertainty in the attributable GSAT is estimated by sampling different starting points from single‐forcing simulations and repeating the backward optimization. To evaluate this new method, the attributable GSAT changes are also calculated using the regularized optimal fingerprinting (ROF) method. Using synthetic non‐additive data, we first find that the neural network‐based method estimates attributable changes better than ROF. When using GSAT data from climate model, the attributable anomalies are similar for both methods, which might reflect that the influence of forcing is mainly additive for the GSAT. However, we found that the uncertainties given both methods are different. The new method presented here can be adapted and extended in future work, to investigate the non‐additive changes found at the local scale or on other physical variables.
Radiance Simulations in Support of Climate Services
Authors: Poli P. , Roebeling R. , John V. O. , Doutriaux‐Boucher M. , Schulz J. , Lattanzio A. , Petraityte K. , Grant M. , Hanschmann T. , Onderwaater J. , Sus O. , Huckle R. , Coppens D. , Theodore B. , August T. , Simmons A. J. , Bell B. , Mittaz J. , Hall T. , Vidot J. , Brunel P. , Johnson J. E. , Zamkoff E. B. , Al‐Jazrawi A. F. , Esfandiari A. E. , Gerasimov I. V. , Kobayashi S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate services are largely supported by climate reanalyses and by satellite Fundamental (Climate) Data Records (F(C)DRs). This paper demonstrates how the development and the uptake of F(C)DR benefit from radiance simulations, using reanalyses and radiative transfer models. We identify three classes of applications, with examples for each application class. The first application is to validate assumptions during F(C)DR development. Hereto we show the value of applying advanced quality controls to geostationary European (Meteosat) images. We also show the value of a cloud mask to study the spatio‐temporal coherence of the impact of the Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption between Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and the High‐resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) data. The second application is to assess the coherence between reanalyses and observations. Hereto we show the capability of reanalyses to reconstruct spectra observed by the Spektrometer Interferometer (SI‐1) flown on a Soviet satellite in 1979. We also present a first attempt to estimate the random uncertainties from this instrument. Finally, we investigate how advanced bias correction can help to improve the coherence between reanalysis and Nimbus‐3 Medium‐Resolution Infrared Radiometer (MRIR) in 1969. The third application is to inform F(C)DR users about particular quality aspects. We show how simulations can help to make a better‐informed use of the corresponding F(C)DR, taking as examples the Nimbus‐7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR), the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) imager, and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave Water Vapor Profiler (SSM/T‐2).