bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of cutting attachment on work efficiency, fuel consumption and environmental pollution from plastic wire during tending of young forests with brush cutters
Authors: Naskrent Bartłomiej , Grzywiński Witold , Polowy Krzysztof , Jelonek Tomasz , Tomczak Arkadiusz , Naskrent Ewelina , Szwed Tomasz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Petrol brush cutters are among the most widely used devices for tending young forests. During this work, environmental pollution is generated by the combustion of fuel and by the discarding of pieces of the plastic cutting line. The aim of this study was to compare operating parameters and the degree of plastic pollution from the cutting line, and to determine fuel consumption during tending of young forest with the use of a petrol brush cutter equipped with different cutting attachments: a plastic wire head, and 2-, 3-, and 24-tooth cutting blades. Measurements were made in the course of work on 2–3-year-old oak plantations containing two vegetation types (herbaceous and mixed). It was found that the most efficient cutting attachment was the wire head, but its use was associated with significant wire and fuel consumption. In the mixed vegetation case, wire consumption was 575.89 g*ha−1, which is comparable to eighteen polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. Similar performance and significantly lower fuel consumption were obtained with the 2-tooth blade. In addition, when using cutting blades, there was no wire consumption and thus no plastic pollution of the environment. It was concluded that, in order to eliminate plastic pollution and reduce fuel consumption while achieving satisfactory working efficiency, the use of wire heads should be abandoned in favor of metal cutting blades.
Waveform tomography of the Antarctic Plate
Authors: Chua Ee Liang , Lebedev Sergei 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARY
We present a new seismic shear wave velocity model of the upper mantle of the Antarctic Plate region, AP2024. It includes the lithosphere and underlying mantle down to 660 km depth beneath both the continental and oceanic portions of the plate. To augment the limited seismic station coverage of Antarctica, we assemble very large regional and global data sets, comprising all publicly available broad-band seismic data. The model is built using 785 thousand seismograms from over 27 thousand events and 8.7 thousand stations. It is constrained by both body and Rayleigh surface waves, ensuring the dense data sampling of the entire upper mantle depth range. The tomographic inversion is global but focused on the Antarctic Plate, with the data sampling maximized in the Southern Hemisphere, with elaborate automated and manual outlier analysis and removal performed on the regional data, and with the regularization tuned for the region. The upper mantle of the Antarctic continent exhibits a bimodal nature. The sharp boundary along the trans-Antarctic mountains separates the cratonic eastern from tectonic western Antarctica and shows a shear-velocity contrast of up to 17 per cent at $\sim$100 km depth. The bimodal pattern is also seen in the oceanic part of the plate, with the older oceanic lithosphere beneath the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean showing higher shear velocities. The continental lithosphere in East Antarctica shows high velocity anomalies similar to those beneath stable cratons elsewhere around the world. It is laterally heterogeneous and exhibits significant thinning in the near-coastal parts of Dronning Maud Land and Wilkes Land. A low velocity channel is observed along the southern front of the West Antarctic Rift System and is probably related to Cenozoic rifting. High seismic velocity anomalies are detected beneath the Antarctic Peninsula and are likely to indicate fragments of the recently subducted Phoenix Plate Slab. Low velocity anomalies beneath Marie Byrd Land extend into the deep upper mantle and are consistent with a deep mantle upwelling feeding West Antarctica intraplate magmatism.
Nutraceutical potential of modified Thai red curry paste: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and gut microbiota modulation
Authors: Detarun Preeyabhorn , Wichienchot Santad , Siripongvutikorn Sunisa , Utaipan Tanyarath , Samakradhamrongthai Rajnibhas Sukeaw , Wittaya Thawien , Punvichai Teerasak , Naher Jasmin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Thai red curry paste (TRCP) is a traditional product used for health benefits, although its potential use as a nutraceutical product has not yet been explored. Therefore, this study investigated the effectiveness of traditional (CON) and modified TRCP (M1-TRCP and M2-TRCP) by assessing antioxidants, anti-inflammation, cytotoxicity and gut microbial diversity. The results showed that antioxidant activities were higher in M2-TRCP than in M1-TRCP and CON samples. The major phytochemical constituents present in TRCP have been identified as citric acid, feluric acid and various glycosidic derivatives. The anti-inflammatory effect was found that the 2.5 mg mL−1 CON, M1-TRCP and M2-TRCP could reduce NO2 by 21.24, 11.01 and 10.72 μM without cytotoxicity, respectively. In gut simulation models, it was found that the production of SCFAs viz. acetic acid was increased tremendously by 5 times in CON, where increased values observed 6 and 8 times in M1-TRCP and M2-TRCP (p &lt; 0.05). The 16 s rRNA results elucidated that in the M2-TRCP sample, gut microflora was dominated by phyla Actinobacteria and genus Bifidobacterium. This study highlights the potential of nutrient uptake in the gut and enhances bioavailability by reducing oxidation and inflammation. Additionally, the knowledge gained benefits the further development of TRCP into functional or nutraceutical products.
Typical Ranks of Random Order-Three Tensors
Authors: Breiding Paul , Eggleston Sarah , Rosana Andrea 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper we study typical ranks of real $m\times n \times \ell $ tensors. In the case $ (m-1)(n-1)+1 \leq \ell \leq mn$ the typical ranks are contained in $\{\ell , \ell +1\}$, and $\ell $ is always a typical rank. We provide a geometric proof of this fact. We express the probabilities of these ranks in terms of the probabilities of the numbers of intersection points of a random linear space with the Segre variety. In addition, we give some heuristics to understand how the probabilities of these ranks behave, based on asymptotic results on the average number of real points in a random linear slice of a Segre variety with a subspace of complementary dimension. The typical ranks of real $3\times 3\times 5$ tensors are $5$ and $6$. We link the rank probabilities of a $3\times 3 \times 5$ tensor with i.i.d. Gaussian entries to the probability of a random cubic surface in ${\mathbb{R}}\textrm{P}^{3}$ having real lines. As a consequence, we get a bound on the expected number of real lines on such a surface.
Conceptually accurate signed English transliteration: Effects of speaking rate and lag time on production accuracy
Authors: Krause Jean C , Smith Andrea A , Surrency Steven F 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper is the fifth in a series concerned with factors affecting the level of access that educational interpreters provide to deaf and hard-of-hearing students. In previous papers, we have examined accuracy and intelligibility of educational interpreters who use Cued Speech (CS) and Signing Exact English (SEE). In this study, accuracy, or the proportion of the message correctly produced by the interpreter, was evaluated in 12 Conceptually Accurate Signed English (CASE) transliterators with varying degrees of experience at 3 different speaking rates (slow, normal, fast). Results were similar to previously reported data for CS and SEE transliterators: (a) speaking rate had a large negative effect on accuracy, primarily due to increased frequency of omissions, and (b) lag time had a very small negative effect on accuracy, accounting for just 3% of the variance. A small difference from previous studies was that increased experience level was not associated with increased accuracy; rather, all experience groups performed similarly. Finally, like their CS and SEE counterparts, the overall accuracy of the CASE transliterators (61% on average) was relatively low, which continues to raise concerns about the quality of transliteration services that (at least some) children receive in educational settings.
Introduction
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This introductory chapter provides an overview of group cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Group treatments for PTSD like this one are widely used in clinical practice. One role of the therapists conducting this program is to facilitate cohesion among group members to establish a culture of collaboration and mutual support. The chapter outlines the four symptom clusters of PTSD: intrusion symptoms, avoidance symptoms, negative thoughts and feelings, and heightened arousal and reactivity. It also integratess issues involving group processes during Group CBT and the parameters of Group CBT for PTSD.
Welcome to Group CBT for PTSD
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter introduces the key concepts surrounding group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment, particularly focused on the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It discusses how group CBT can help people learn skills to manage the symptoms of PTSD. Working on these skills in a group with other Veterans can be rewarding and helpful, and also valuable to recovery. The chapter explains that psychological science developed tools to help people reclaim some of the parts of their lives surrendered to PTSD. It looks into how therapists will develop an understanding of each person's circumstances and work to help everyone connect during Group CBT.
Session 2: Understanding Avoidance, Mindfulness (Part I)
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter will help Veterans to understand avoidance and mindfulness so that group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment will more effective. It explains how trauma-related memories can lead to avoidance. Group CBT begins with discussing avoidance and other forms of unhealthy coping. The one-step-at-a-time approach to exposure used throughout this program gives clients the chance to test their predictions about danger and safety using their specific trauma cues. The chapter then explains how mindfulness can help people learn to live in the present. It also notes the importance of learning how to focus attention on one thing to encourage mindfulness.
Session 5: Written Exposure (Part II) and Learning Progressive Muscle Relaxation (Seven Muscle)
Authors: Beck J. Gayle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter builds on the information and skills introduced in the prior one, providing more information about written exposure and progressive muscle relaxation. Written exposure gives Veterans a chance to tell their story of trauma from their own perspective, thus providing a chance to process the feelings that were happening at the time. . The chapter provides a shortened version of progressive muscle relaxation, condensing the 16 muscle groups into seven. It emphasizes how techniques such as progressive muscle relaxation can help to alleviate the physical symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and can be helpful to use following written exposure.
Functions of the Hippocampal Formation, Its Biological Characteristics, and Its Use as a Neurobiological Model
Authors: Morris Richard , Amaral David , Bliss Tim , Duff Karen , O’Keefe John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This history of studies of the hippocampus is a glorious one, with contributions from anatomists, physiologists, molecular biologists and, in the modern era, computational neuroscientists. This chapter summarizes key concepts and discoveries in hippocampal neurobiology up to the modern era characterized by integrative neuroscience. The striking organization of the hippocampus has long attracted the attention of many investigators of the central nervous system. The chapter considers historical concepts such as a possible role in olfaction, emotion, attention control, before embracing the contemporary idea of a key role in memory. The hippocampus has, moreover, served as a test bench for the development of a variety of general neuroscientific analyses and experimental techniques, leading on to current interest in its role in several types of neural dysfunction and neuropathology.
Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Function in the Hippocampus
Authors: Donlin-Asp Paul G. , Hafner Anne-Sophie , Schuman Erin M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter details the molecular mechanisms of synaptic function in the hippocampus. Proteins are the main effectors of cellular functions in all cells, including neurons. In neurons, the proteome present in a synaptic compartment reflects the type of synapse and history. The chapter then elaborates on the cellular mechanisms currently known to target proteins to synaptic compartments before discussing local protein synthesis and its role within both dendrites and axon. It also considers the unresolved issues revolving around the key concepts of mRNA targeting, mRNA half-lives and local versus global proteome remodeling in axons and dendrites. It ends with a discussion of what is known about the dysregulation of protein synthesis in disease states.
The Entorhinal Cortex
Authors: Kanter Benjamin R. , Moser Edvard I. , Witter Menno P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter begins with an historical overview of the definition of the entorhinal cortex, its relationship with the hippocampus, and why a separate chapter is deemed relevant. Subsequent sections review the neurostructural and connectional organization of the entorhinal cortex. This is followed by a description of the functional relevance of these various components, including some of the current main theoretical underpinnings of these various functions. Finally, the dysfunctions that contribute to neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental, and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer’s Disease, medial temporal lobe epilepsy, and schizophrenia, are briefly summarized.
Theories of Hippocampal Function
Authors: McKenzie Sam , Gobbo Francesco , Morris Richard G. M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter outlines theories of hippocampal function from the perspective of their computational role, algorithms and neurobiological implementation. It begins with two foundational theories focusing on spatial representations and navigation, and on declarative memory, together with the varied lines of evidence held to support these very distinct perspectives. It discusses other theories that sought to unify these different approaches, culminating in the contemporary view that the hippocampal formation plays a vital role in the encoding of new episodic memory traces and the binding of events to spatial contexts. It examines current interest in engrams using state of the art opto- and chemogenetic technology, and ends with a discussion of the role of the hippocampus in systems consolidation and the creation of schemas in cortex for the assimilation of new knowledge.
Picturing Depression: Faces, Backgrounds, and Foregrounds
Authors: Fogel Barry S. , Jiang Xiaoling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Depression takes diverse forms, each with distinctive epidemiology, phenomenology, and optimal treatments. In each case of depression, culture is background; unique individual circumstances are foreground. Exemplary cases are described. In historical and contemporary Japan, older people often are devalued and socially excluded; this can lead to “lonely deaths” from self-neglect or unnatural deaths including suicides. China’s long-standing tradition of authoritarian parenting and burdensome filial obligation often underlies depression in younger adults. American regions have depression-relevant cultural differences as large as those between nations. In Utah, high gender inequality is associated with a high prevalence of depression in young women. In Connecticut high income and wealth inequality entail a high prevalence of depression and problematic substance use among people of lower socioeconomic class. Cultural awareness, including knowledge of different communication styles, can empower clinicians to make more accurate diagnoses of depression and build therapeutic relationships.
Cultural Correlates and Clinical Consequences
Authors: Fogel Barry S. , Jiang Xiaoling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cultural identity is associated with diet, activities, sleeping habits, and patterns of substance use. All directly relate to the risk and expressions of depression and the bipolar spectrum. Related structural factors include housing quality; environmental hazards; quality of food, healthcare, and public education; and availability of highly lethal means of self-harm. It influences the prevalence of depression phenotypes: melancholic, anxious, primarily somatic, or highly externalized “masculine depression.” External stigma of depression is universal, but its details are culture-dependent. The acceptability and feasibility of specific treatments vary by culture. Before prescribing against a patient’s culturally based biases, a clinician should consider not only medication and psychotherapy but also lifestyle or environmental changes; complementary, alternative, and integrative medicine; antidepressant smartphone apps; light therapy; and non-invasive brain stimulation. Depression biomarkers soon may have a role in selection of treatments that are both culturally compatible and likely to work.
Flying High, Feeling Low: Depression in Airline Pilots
Authors: Fogel Barry S. , Jiang Xiaoling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The rare but extremely disturbing phenomenon of intentional crashes of passenger flights draws attention to the problem of untreated depression and bipolar illness among airline pilots. Surveys suggest that pilots have a high prevalence of depressive symptoms, though they rarely seek clinical care for them. Risk factors include chronobiologic stress; frequent exposure to hypoxia, noise, and polluted air; high rates of obesity and sleep apnea; loneliness in long-haul pilots; and work–family conflict. The highly masculine composition and culture of the profession entails denial and externalization of depression and a high rate of sexual harassment of female pilots. Severe institutional stigma combines with pilots’ working conditions to impede standard treatments of depression. Mental health education, lifestyle modification, peer support, and non-pharmacologic treatments can help pilots with subsyndromal depressive symptoms within the constraints of their working conditions and occupational culture.
Perioperative Surgical Home Care Model
Authors: Campbell Eileen , Limoncelli Janine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The perioperative surgical home (PSH) is a system used to coordinate and organize patient care that is patient-centered and physician-led. This system is a team-based approach to medical management that spans the entire time frame of the patient’s surgical experience from the initial decision to proceed with a surgical intervention to final discharge to home, an acute care facility, or skilled nursing facility. The team consists of all healthcare professionals who will play a part in the patient’s surgical experience. The emergence of the PSH occurred in 2011, with the proposal of the surgical home draft submitted to the American Society of Anesthesiologists House of Delegates. There have since been numerous summits, panels, and symposiums dedicated to the growth and improvement of the surgical home concept. In addition, there has been a steady effort to educate medical caregivers about the development and advantages of a PSH within different hospital systems.
Perioperative Management of Medications for Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Hickey Thomas R. , Boyaji Shafik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Substance use disorders are treatable, chronic conditions, and opioids remain the most lethal drugs per the UN 2022 World Drug Report. Risky use of substances and addiction are the largest and most preventable cause of morbidity in the United States, accounting for one-third of hospital inpatient costs and one-fourth of deaths. Data from Centers for Disease Control show that the opioid crisis causes approximately 80,000 deaths annually in the United States, with staggering downstream costs. As opioid use disorder has increased, so, too, has the use of medications for opioid use disorder: buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone. Substance use disorder and its treatments present unique perioperative challenges, particularly in pain management. Effective care of these patients requires knowledge of the nature of the disorder, the basic pharmacology of the substances themselves and of the medicines used to treat these disorders, and an understanding of best practices for perioperative management.
Indications for Preoperative C-Spine Imaging for Elective Procedures
Authors: Richman Deborah C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter discusses the importance of airway assessment and management during the perioperative period. These essentials are the responsibility of the anesthesiologist; a careful medical history and physical examination are the key elements of airway assessment. Occasionally cervical spine (c-spine) imaging is required for safe care of the patient perioperatively. Trauma is the obvious example, but elective patients who have certain diseases or syndromes also may require imaging. Rheumatoid arthritis, as an example, is briefly reviewed. It is important for the clinician to choose tests and imaging wisely and be mindful of the value of the test—only ordering when it may change perioperative management or outcomes.
AHA Guidelines Application
Authors: Papke Samuel , Benson Michael , Zimmerman Joshua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The delivery of anesthesia for major noncardiac surgery to patients with significant cardiovascular disease is a common clinical scenario, particularly given the aging population and the rising prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities. These patients present a unique set of anesthetic and perioperative challenges requiring in-depth discussions with the patient, the surgeon, and other subspecialists. As perioperative physicians, anesthesiologists often must advise on the perioperative management of medications, the quantification of surgical risk, the necessity in pursuing further testing, and even the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. While these considerations can be complex, there are multiple published guidelines to assist with the management of these patients.
Perioperative Atrial Fibrillation and Anticoagulation Management
Authors: Tao Jing , Oprea Adriana D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a cardiac arrhythmia commonly encountered during the preoperative evaluation of surgical patients. Many patients with AF will be chronically anticoagulated to reduce the risk of cerebral vascular accident (CVA). Currently, two major classes of oral anticoagulants exist: vitamin K antagonists and direct oral anticoagulants. Although perioperative anticoagulation management can prove challenging, knowledge of their pharmacokinetics along with advanced planning can successfully minimize the risk of surgical bleeding as well as the patient’s risk of thrombosis.