bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Investigation of a Soluble Distannene with no Trans‐Bent Angle or Twisting in the Solid‐State
Authors: Kimmich Roman , Kern Ralf H. , Strienz Markus , Koldemir Aylin , Eichele Klaus , Pöttgen Rainer , Wesemann Lars , Schnepf Andreas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBy treating KSiiPr3 with Sn[N(SiMe3)2]2 the distannene Sn2(TIPS)4 (TIPS=SiiPr3) is formed in a metathesis reaction. The crystal structure analysis of Sn2(TIPS)4 reveals a planar arrangement of the substituents in the solid‐state and hence the second planar alkene like distannene of its kind. Due to the TIPS substituents, Sn2(TIPS)4 is well soluble in all commonly used organic solvents, opening the door for various analytics and reactivity studies. Due to its stability in solution, various reactions can be performed such as cycloaddition reactions with 2,3‐dimethyl‐1,3‐butadiene (DMBD) and TMS‐azide.
Triplet Energy Transfer Mechanism in Copper Photocatalytic N‐ and O‐Methylation
Authors: Hoving Martijn , Haaksma Jacob‐Jan , Stoppel Anne , Chronc Lukas , Hoffmann Jonas , Beil Sebastian B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMethylation reactions are chemically simple but challenging to perform under mild and non‐toxic conditions. A photochemical energy transfer strategy was merged with copper catalysis to enable fast reaction times of minutes and broad applicability to N‐heterocycles, (hetero−)aromatic carboxylic acids, and drug‐like molecules in high yields and good functional group tolerance. Detailed mechanistic investigations, using kinetic analysis, aprotic MS, UV/Vis, and luminescence quenching experiments revealed a triplet‐triplet energy transfer mechanism between hypervalent iodine(III) reagents and readily available photosensitizers.
Clinical characteristics and statin eligibility of patients under 50 with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Haq Ayman , Walser‐Kuntz Evan , Gamam Abdulrahman , Albers Alexis , Bae Aaron , Benson Gretchen , Miedema Michael D. , Makori Jessica , Cahnbley Melina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsThis study seeks to understand the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and statin eligibility of younger adults who present with STEMI.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of STEMI patients <50 years. Baseline characteristics, medical history, prior medications, drug use, lipid profiles, cardiovascular risk factors were examined. Ten‐year ASCVD risk was calculated utilizing the Pooled Cohort Equations. Statin eligibility was determined according to the 2019 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) and the 2022 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines.ResultsSix hundred and thirty‐five individuals were included, the majority were men (82.4%) and white (89%), with a median age was 46.9 [42.0–48.0]. The most prevalent risk factors were current smoking (59%), hyperlipidemia (44%), and hypertension (37%). Drug use was rare (8.3%). Preventative medication use was low, aspirin was the most common (14%), followed by ACE inhibitors/ARBs (12%), statins (11%), and beta‐blockers (9.1%). Mean HDL‐C was low at 36.4 ± 12.0 mg/dL, while mean LDL was unremarkable at 112.4 ± 37.9 mg/dL. According to the 2019 ACC/AHA guidelines, 45.5% were classified as statin recommended, 8.7% were classified as statin considered, and 45.8% were classified as statin not recommended. According to the 2022 USPSTF guidelines, 29% were classified as statin recommended, 12.4% were classified as statin considered, and 58.6% were classified as statin not recommended.ConclusionsYounger adults with STEMI exhibit high rates of tobacco use and low rates of preventative medications use. Approximately half of the cohort did not meet criteria for statin initiation.
Tube law parametrization using in vitro data for one‐dimensional blood flow in arteries and veins
Authors: Colombo Chiara , Siviglia Annunziato , Toro Eleuterio F. , Bia Daniel , Zócalo Yanina , Müller Lucas O. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe deformability of blood vessels in one‐dimensional blood flow models is typically described through a pressure‐area relation, known as the tube law. The most used tube laws take into account the elastic and viscous components of the tension of the vessel wall. Accurately parametrizing the tube laws is vital for replicating pressure and flow wave propagation phenomena. Here, we present a novel mathematical‐property‐preserving approach for the estimation of the parameters of the elastic and viscoelastic tube laws. Our goal was to estimate the parameters by using ovine and human in vitro data, while constraining them to meet prescribed mathematical properties. Results show that both elastic and viscoelastic tube laws accurately describe experimental pressure‐area data concerning both quantitative and qualitative aspects. Additionally, the viscoelastic tube law can provide a qualitative explanation for the observed hysteresis cycles. The two models were evaluated using two approaches: (i) allowing all parameters to freely vary within their respective ranges and (ii) fixing some of the parameters. The former approach was found to be the most suitable for reproducing pressure‐area curves.
“The early bird catches the worm”—Prediction of early response and its importance for treatment outcome in a naturalistic setting of cognitive behaviour therapy
Authors: Röhrig Bonnie , Witthöft Michael , Herpertz Stephan , Petrak Frank 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveKnowledge about predictors of early response (ER) remains limited. This study examined patient, process, and therapist variables to predict ER in a naturalistic setting.Research Design and MethodsData from 493 psychotherapy outpatients were analysed. ER was defined by a ≥25% reduction in general psychological distress (ER percent) and by the reliable change index (ER RCI) within the first 10 sessions measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory‐18. ER prediction was determined using logistic regression. General psychological distress (GSI) throughout treatment in patients with and without ER was modelled using a multilevel linear model. This model aimed to predict GSI over treatment using repeated measurements, considering group affiliation (ER percent vs. no ER percent), controlled for other predictors.ResultsThe prevalence of ER percent and ER RCI were 63.6% and 47.5%, respectively. GSI and therapeutic relationship significantly predicted ER (ER percent: χ2 (6) 70.32, p < .001, Nagelkerkes R2 = .19; ER RCI: χ2 (6) 134.71, p < .001, Nagelkerkes R2 = .35). Patients who rated the therapeutic relationship more positively were more likely to achieve ER (OR = 1.10). Difference in outcomes between patients with and without ER during treatment was influenced by factors such as therapeutic relationship, GSI, therapist experience, and mental comorbidities. Including these variables improved the predictive model from AIC = 17,042.98 to AIC = 16,730.24.ConclusionThe therapeutic relationship is a crucial predictor of ER. Patients achieving ER tend to have better outcome than those without ER. The early phase of therapy warrants particular attention to enhance psychotherapy outcomes.
Phenotypic characterization of Southeastern United States open‐pollinated maize landraces
Authors: Woore Matthew S. , Flint‐Garcia Sherry A. , Holland James B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMaize (Zea mays L. subsp. mays) is the most important crop in the United States, but maize food and distillation products often rely on varieties that are not bred explicitly for these purposes. Farmers targeting niche food grain markets have expressed interest in historical open‐pollinated varieties of maize, but few such populations are widely available, and even fewer are well‐characterized. We planted field trials of 76 open‐pollinated heirloom varieties available from seed catalogs and the United States Department of Agriculture germplasm collection along with four F1 hybrid cultivars. We measured 24 traits across 3 years and three locations to characterize the selected varieties and measure their phenotypic relationships. We identified a subset of 19 traits with heritability >0.5 and pairwise correlation coefficients not exceeding 0.9 for phenotypic analysis. Our results demonstrate that many historical accessions contain substantial genetic variation that should permit improvement from within‐population selection. Variety name and origin are often not useful indicators of phenotypic relationships or potential crop value, although Hickory King varieties have maintained their identity even following global dispersion. Cluster analysis identifies nine morphologically distinct groups within the varieties tested, which are largely in agreement with previously proposed landrace groupings. Our results suggest a complex intermixing of Southern Dents with other maize types, rather than a clear distinction between Southern Dents and Derived Southern Dents, however. Genetic analysis of larger samples of US open‐pollinated populations will help better define the natural classification of maize indigenous to the United States.
Loop‐mediated isothermal amplification assay: A novel disease diagnostics tool in sweetpotato seed quality assurance
Authors: Wanjala Bramwel W. , Kreuze Jan F. , McEwan Margaret A. , Low Jan W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSweetpotato is an important food crop in global production. However, sweetoptato viruses pose a threat to sustainable agriculture and cause significant economic loss. More than 30 viruses have been reported to date, with sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) occurring frequently and in combination, causing sweetpotato virus disease. The detection of viruses directly from sweetpotato is still a challenge, and efforts are being made toward this front. Therefore, rapid detection of viruses is critical for effective control. Current diagnostic tests are not sufficiently sensitive to reliably detect viruses directly from sweetpotato and require expensive laboratory equipment and a high level of skilled experience. Loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is sensitive and specific for both DNA/RNA amplification; it is affordable and its characteristics make it potentially suitable for on‐site testing. LAMP assays have been developed for several sweetpotato viruses: SPCSV, SPFMV, and sweet potato leaf curl virus (and related sweepoviruses). Laboratory validation showed a 100% diagnostic sensitivity for all three viruses. The LAMP on‐site testing results were comparable to those of polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction confirmatory laboratory tests. Interlab validation and packaging into affordable kits will ensure high adoption in sub‐Saharan Africa. The LAMP assay can be used for field surveys and monitoring the phytosanitary status of pre‐basic seed production in quarantine or certification program. This guarantees pathogen‐free planting material enters the seed system. We discuss opportunities for LAMP as a diagnostic assay for the rapid detection of sweetpotato viruses and its adoption as a quality control system for planting materials.
The effect of environmental, social, and governance disclosure and real earning management on the cost of financing
Authors: Amarna Khayria , Garde Sánchez Raquel , López‐Pérez Maria Victoria , Marzouk Mahmoud 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study identifies if sustainable development practices measured through ESG information disclosure are related to stakeholder confidence, leading to a lower cost of debt and equity financing. We also investigate the possible moderating role of real earnings management. We apply a fixed effects panel data analysis to 1659 firm‐year observations of 177 European companies from 2010 to 2019. The results show that investors value ESG disclosure negatively and increase the cost of equity, whereas lenders value it positively and reduce the cost of debt. In addition, when the moderating effect of real earnings management is introduced, the effect of ESG disclosure on the cost of debt decreases, and the effect of ESG disclosure on the cost of equity is reinforced by increasing it. In the presence of real earnings management, investors and lenders seem to think companies use ESG disclosure to legitimise their practices or mislead financing providers.
Boosting Dimethyl Carbonate Production from CO2 and Methanol using Ceria‐Ionic Liquid Catalyst
Authors: Asare‐Bediako Bernard Baffour , Li Mi , Houston Austin , Vilmercati Paolo , Mannella Norman , Labbé Nicole , Abdoulmoumine Nourredine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs a crucial strategy towards a sustainable chemical industry, the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from renewable carbon dioxide (CO2) and methanol (MeOH) is studied using CeO2 nanoparticles modified with 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hydrogen carbonate ([BMIm][HCO3]) devoid of stoichiometric dehydrating agents. The synthesized CeO2@[BMIm][HCO3] catalyst having high thermal stability harnesses the unique physicochemical properties of CeO2 and the ionic liquid to exhibit a DMC yield of 10.4 % and a methanol conversion of 16.1 % at optimal conditions (pressure of CO2=5 MPa; temperature=130 °C). The catalytic behavior of CeO2@[BMIm][HCO3] studied with a detailed XRD, XPS, CO2 and NH3‐TPD, Raman spectroscopy, TGA, FTIR, SEM and TEM suggests that the synergy between the two catalytic components originating from an increased surface oxygen vacancies boosts the overall catalytic performance. After several recycling tests, the catalyst demonstrated no significant reduction in DMC yield and methanol conversion. This platform is an attractive approach to synthesize thermally stable nanoparticle@ionic liquid that retains and merges the physical attributes of both materials for producing useful bulk chemicals from readily available chemical resources.
On the Thomas–Fermi model: Gabor J. Kalman's contribution and numerical approximations
Authors: Pain Jean‐Christophe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, we would like to pay tribute to Gabor Kalman, outlining his contribution to a model widely used in dense plasma physics: the high‐temperature Thomas–Fermi model. The approach of Ruoxian Ying and Kalman relies on the separation of the bound and free electrons, a physically reasonable definition of the bound electrons, a description of the source density in the Poisson equation through the electron–ion and ion–ion pair correlation functions and a determination of the degree of ionization from the minimization of the total free energy. We also report on different approximations of the function , which is a cornerstone of the original Thomas‐Femi model.
Future curriculum‐makers: The role of professional experience placements as sites of learning about curriculum‐making for preservice teachers
Authors: Poulton Phillip , Golledge Claire 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe teaching profession and initial teacher education face ongoing pressures which challenge how teachers' work with curriculum is positioned. Within Australia, recent reviews into initial teacher education have emphasised the need for ‘classroom ready’ graduates with knowledge of ‘proven’ pedagogical approaches. Parallel to this has been increasing push for ‘ready‐made’ curriculum materials to be made available to all teachers for their use in classrooms. This discourse espouses curriculum as a product, positioning preservice teachers as future ‘deliverers’ of prescriptive forms of curriculum and dismissing their future potential as classroom curriculum‐makers who engage with curriculum as a process, and think systematically and critically about their curriculum choices. In this paper, we explore the classroom curriculum‐making experiences of two preservice teachers, and the role of professional experience placements as key sites of learning about curriculum‐making, noting this as a significantly under‐researched theme in existing literature. Our in‐depth exploration of these individual cases highlights the contrasting opportunities these teachers had to engage with curriculum as a process, identifying, enabling and constraining structures within these placements which impact on preservice teachers' development, and future potential, as curriculum‐makers. We contend that the pursuit of Lawrence Stenhouse's vision of curriculum work as an iterative, enquiry process driven by and for teachers rests not only on the way in which initial teacher education frames curriculum work in theory, but also in the way it is modelled to preservice teachers during their professional experience placements.
APOE ε4 allele status modulates the spatial patterns of progressive atrophy in the temporal lobes after mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Gan Shuoqiu , Sun Yingxiang , Liu Kejia , Jia Xiaoyan , Li Xuan , Zhang Ming , Bai Lijun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe evaluated how the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele modulated the spatial patterns of longitudinal atrophy in the Alzheimer's disease–vulnerable brain areas of patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) from the acute to chronic phase post injury.METHODSFifty‐nine adult patients with acute mTBI and 48 healthy controls with APOE ε4 allele testing underwent T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological assessments with 6 to 12 months of follow‐up. Progressive brain volume loss was compared voxel‐wise in the temporal lobes.RESULTSPatients with the APOE ε4 allele presented significant longitudinal atrophy in the left superior and middle temporal gyri, where the progressive gray matter volume loss predicted longitudinal impairment in language fluency, whereas mTBI APOE ε4 allele noncarriers showed mainly significant longitudinal atrophy in the medial temporal lobes, without significant neuropsychological relevance.DISCUSSIONThe atrophy progression observed in mTBI patients with the APOE ε4 allele may increase the possibility of developing a specific phenotype of Alzheimer's disease with language dysfunction.Highlights
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression.
It is unclear how the interaction of mTBI with the APOE ε4 allele impacts the progressive atrophy topography in AD‐vulnerable brain regions.
In this study, patients with the APOE ε4 allele showed progressive atrophy patterns similar to the early stage of logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA) phenotype of AD.
APOE ε4 allele carriers with mTBI history may be at the risk of developing a given AD phenotype with language dysfunction.
Conservation detection dogs: A critical review of efficacy and methodology
Authors: McKeague Beth , Finlay Caroline , Rooney Nicola 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConservation detection dogs (CDD) use their exceptional olfactory abilities to assist a wide range of conservation projects through the detection of target specimens or species. CDD are generally quicker, can cover wider areas and find more samples than humans and other analytical tools. However, their efficacy varies between studies; methodological and procedural standardisation in the field is lacking. Considering the cost of deploying a CDD team and the limited financial resources within conservation, it is vital that their performance is quantified and reliable. This review aims to summarise what is currently known about the use of scent detection dogs in conservation and elucidate which factors affect efficacy. We describe the efficacy of CDD across species and situational contexts like training and fieldwork. Reported sensitivities (i.e. the proportion of target samples found out of total available) ranged from 23.8% to 100% and precision rates (i.e. proportion of alerts that are true positives) from 27% to 100%. CDD are consistently shown to be better than other techniques, but performance varies substantially across the literature. There is no consistent difference in efficacy between training, testing and fieldwork, hence we need to understand the factors affecting this. We highlight the key variables that can alter CDD performance. External effects include target odour, training methods, sample management, search methodology, environment and the CDD handler. Internal effects include dog breed, personality, diet, age and health. Unfortunately, much of the research fails to provide adequate information on the dogs, handlers, training, experience and samples. This results in an inability to determine precisely why an individual study has high or low efficacy. It is clear that CDDs can be effective and applied to possibly limitless conservation scenarios, but moving forward researchers must provide more consistent and detailed methodologies so that comparisons can be conducted, results are more easily replicated and progress can be made in standardising CDD work.
The influence of incubation temperature on offspring traits varies across northern and southern populations of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)
Authors: Smaga Christopher R. , Bock Samantha L. , Johnson Josiah M. , Rainwater Thomas , Singh Randeep , Deem Vincent , Letter Andrew , Brunell Arnold , Parrott Benjamin B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMaternal provisioning and the developmental environment are fundamental determinants of offspring traits, particularly in oviparous species. However, the extent to which embryonic responses to these factors differ across populations to drive phenotypic variation is not well understood. Here, we examine the contributions of maternal provisioning and incubation temperature to hatchling morphological and metabolic traits across four populations of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), encompassing a large portion of the species' latitudinal range. Our results show that whereas the influence of egg mass is generally consistent across populations, responses to incubation temperature show population‐level variation in several traits, including mass, head length, head width, and residual yolk mass. Additionally, the influence of incubation temperature on developmental rate is greater at northern populations, while the allocation of maternal resources toward fat body mass is greater at southern populations. Overall, our results suggest that responses to incubation temperature, relative to maternal provisioning, are a larger source of interpopulation phenotypic variation and may contribute to the local adaptation of populations.