bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approximate nearest neighbor search by Cyclic Hierarchical Product Quantization
Authors: Xu Zhi , Zhou Mengdong , Liu Yuxuan , Zhao Longyang , Liu Jiajia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Vector quantization (VQ) is a widely used Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search method. By constructing multiple codebooks, VQ can create more codeword vectors with lower memory consumption, enabling the indexing of large-scale database. In recent years, many VQ-based methods have been proposed, but the codeword vectors constructed in these methods are often underutilized due to lack of data support, and the unimodal data distribution within the cell is not considered. To address these issues, this paper introduces a new quantization method called Cyclic Hierarchical Product Quantization (CHPQ). This method firstly constructs a hierarchical quantization structure in each subspace, with each hierarchical structure composed of several sub-quantizers. Then, the codebook is locally optimized under the sub-quantizers according to the data distribution of each cell, significantly improving quantization performance compared to other methods and greatly enhancing the accuracy of ANN search. Additionally, this paper proposes a new hierarchical quantization structure named cyclic hierarchical structure, which can generate more diverse codeword vectors in different cells compared to the traditional hierarchical quantization structure. Extensive experiments on two publicly available datasets demonstrate that CHPQ outperforms existing methods in terms of retrieval accuracy while maintaining comparable computational efficiency.
Infrared Thermography Techniques for Boundary Layer State Visualisation
Authors: Davis William , Atkins Nicholas R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The rapid decarbonisation of the power generation and aviation sectors will require a move away from incremental development, exposing designers and researchers to the risk of unexpected results from uncertainty in boundary layer state. This problem already exists for parts developed with fully turbulent assumptions, but in novel design spaces the risk increases for both real components, where previous knowledge of similar designs may be inapplicable, and particularly in experimental testing of scaled models, where reducing Reynolds number can result in a drastic change in flow topology that skews the conclusions of a test. Computational methods struggle to reliably predict boundary layer state so experimental techniques for diagnosing boundary layer state are needed.
Infrared thermography (IR) is a non-invasive technique that offers simple, fast visualisation of boundary layer state with no additional instrumentation. IR is relatively uncommon in the literature and there is minimal information available on the best practices for its use. This paper aims to encourage the adoption of IR as a diagnostic tool by demonstrating routes for optimisation and pointing out pitfalls to avoid. A low-order model is developed and used to predict how the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an IR visualisation changes depending on the thermal design of the test piece. It is shown that in low-speed flows, with active heating from the surface, the SNR is maximised through a suitable choice of surface insulation while in high-speed flows, where passive temperature differences are used, there is a crossover between heat transfer and recovery temperature effects that results in an SNR of zero, an effect that can arise in both steady-state and transient experiments. Experimental validation of the 1D model in both flow regimes is shown alongside two case studies on the use of IR in sub-scale testing where uncertainty in boundary layer state results in critical differences from the full-scale flow.
Myofibroblast-specific inhibition of ASPP1 alleviates myocardial fibrosis by enhancing p53 degradation
Authors: Pan Zhenwei , Li Shangxuan , Zhang Yang , Zhao Yinfeng , Zhai Yinghe , Sun Chongsong , Guo Yang , Zhang Xiaofang , Zhang Lingmin , Tian Tao , Yang Ying , Pei Yao , Li Jialiang , Xuan Lina , Lu Yanjie , Yang Baofeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In the healing process of myocardial infarction, cardiac fibroblasts are activated and serious cardiac fibrosis developed, which eventually leads to cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Our recent study showed that ASPP1 (apoptosis stimulating of p53 protein 1) promotes cardiomyocyte apoptosis by enhancing nuclear trafficking of p53. As p53 is a key regulator of cardiac fibroblast activation, we thus explored the influence of ASPP1 on myocardial fibrosis and the molecular mechanisms related to p53.Here, we observed ASPP1 was increased after 4 weeks of myocardial infarction (MI). Both global and myofibroblast-specific knockout of ASPP1 in mice mitigated cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis and remodeling after MI. Strikingly, ASPP1 produced opposite influence on p53 level and cell fate of cardiac fibroblast than cardiomyocytes. Knockdown of ASPP1 increased p53 level and inhibited the activity of cardiac fibroblasts. The immunofluorescent staining revealed that upon TGF-b1 stimulation ASPP1 accumulates in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts while the level of p53 was reduced, and inhibition of ASPP1 increased p53 level and promoted p53 nuclear translocation. Mechanistically, ASPP1 directly binds to deubiquitinase OTUB1 and prevents its binding with p53, thereby promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of p53. Targeting ASPP1 may be a promising strategy for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis.
Molding without melting: Investigation of thermoplastic polymers with regard to their suitability as mold material
Authors: Neumann Fabian , Rings Benedikt , Golombek Hannes 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Context:
The choice of material, manufacturing process, and molding tool significantly effects the quality, environmental impact, and cost efficiency of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) components. Producing one-piece hollow profiles with smooth inner surfaces and undercuts presents major challenges for conventional mold concepts. A promising solution are shape memory polymers as tooling material.
Objectives
This study aims to identify thermoplastic polymers which are suitable as mold material in the FRP manufacturing process. The overarching objective is to develop a high-rate manufacturing process for one-piece FRP hollow profiles with undercuts.
Methods
First a manufacturing and curing process for an FRP is introduced. From this, boundary conditions for the mold material are defined. An assessment of the properties of thermoplastic polymers from literature research is carried out. An evaluation matrix allows the preselection of four polymers. PET, PPS, PA6 and PA66 are further analyzed by DSC and DMA.
Results
Semi-crystalline thermoplastics are more suitable as mold material than amorphous ones. When heated above their glass transition temperature (Tg) the elastomeric state allows for one-piece demolding. The material properties of 31 semi-crystalline polymers are assessed. PET, PPS, PA6 and PA66 are found as most likely suitable as mold materials for the introduced curing process. Their Tg is evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).
Conclusion
PET, PA6 and PA66 meet the process parameters of the defined FRP production process. Further research has to be carried out regarding their shape memory behavior and demolding capabilities.
The functional evolution of collembolan Ubx on the regulation of abdominal appendage formation
Authors: Liang Yan , Luan Yun-Xia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Folsomia candida, a tiny soil-dwelling arthropod within the Collembola, represents a basal hexapod lineage, serving as an outgroup to Insecta. Notably, it features three distinct abdominal appendages: the ventral tube in the first abdominal segment (A1), the retinaculum in A3, and the furca in A4. These structures stand out morphologically from the limbs in the thorax. The specification of these abdominal appendages falls under the responsibility of Collembolan Ubx and AbdA. However, despite their role in appendage specification, these genes are unable to repress the expression of the appendage marker gene Dll. The genetics toolkit involved in appendage formation during collembolan embryogenesis and the molecular mechanisms through which Ubx and AbdA regulate Dll transcription, subsequently shaping appendage development, remain elusive.
Results: To address these gaps, we explored the developmental transcriptomes of F. candida and identified 36 candidate genes implicated in appendage formation, including Ubx (FcUbx). Through rigorous experiments, the electrophoretic mobility shift assays and dual luciferase assays, we unveiled that FcUbx exhibits binding and repression capacities on Drosophila Dll akin to the longest isoform of Drosophila melanogaster Ubx (DmUbx_Ib). Additionally, the regulatory mechanism of the C-terminus of FcUbx on Dll repression mirrors that of the crustacean Artemia franciscanaUbx (AfUbx). These findings collectively demonstrate that the function of collembolan Ubx occupies an intermediate position between that of Insecta and Crustacea.
Conclusion: Our study not only sheds light on appendage formation in F. candida but also contributes to the reconstruction of the functional evolutionary trajectory of Ubx on abdominal appendages, spanning from crustaceans to insects. We propose a model that collembolan Ubx might exert its repression function in abdominal segments in a context-specific manner.
A Generative AI Chatbot in High School Advising: A Qualitative Analysis of Domain-Specific Chatbot and ChatGPT
Authors: Assayed Suha Khalil , Alkhatib Manar , Shaalan Khaled 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Due to the variety of chatbot types and classifications, students and advisers may experience confusion when trying to select the right chatbot that can more trust it, however, the classification of chatbots depends on different factors including, the complexity of the task, the response-based approach and the type of the domain. Since selecting the most effective chatbot is crucial for high schools and students, a semi-structured interviews in qualitative research were conducted with eight high school students in order to investigate the students ‘perspectives on different seven responses of generative questions from the domain-specific chatbot named HSGAdviser, comparing it with the ChatGPT. All questions were related to students’ advising interests including university applications, admission tests, majors and more. The transcribed data were reviewed and examined by using the thematic analysis. However, the results reveal that most students found that HSGAdviser chatbot is easier, shorter, faster and more concise compared to ChatGPT, especially for Yes/No questions as students expect brief answers. However, some students found that certain crucial questions that can have a significance impact on their future, they would prefer the ChatGPT for more detailed information. The limitation of this study is the limited size of the participants. Nevertheless, in the future research, other high school students from different regions will participate in the study.
Dichotomous frequency-dependent phase synchrony in the sensorimotor network characterizes simplistic movement
Authors: Buch Vivek P. , Brandon Cameron , Ramayya Ashwin G. , Lucas Timothy H. , Richardson Andrew G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

It is hypothesized that disparate brain regions interact via synchronous activity to control behavior. The nature of these interconnected ensembles remains an area of active investigation, and particularly the role of high frequency synchronous activity in simplistic behavior is not well known. Using intracranial electroencephalography, we explored the spectral dynamics and network connectivity of sensorimotor cortical activity during a simple motor task in seven epilepsy patients. Confirming prior work, we see a “spectral tilt” (increased high-frequency (HF, 70–100 Hz) and decreased low-frequency (LF, 3–33 Hz) broadband oscillatory activity) in motor regions during movement compared to rest, as well as an increase in LF synchrony between these regions using time-resolved phase-locking. We then explored this phenomenon in high frequency and found a robust but opposite effect, where time-resolved HF broadband phase-locking significantly decreased during movement. This “connectivity tilt” (increased LF synchrony and decreased HF synchrony) displayed a graded anatomical dependency, with the most robust pattern occurring in primary sensorimotor cortical interactions and less robust pattern occurring in associative cortical interactions. These findings support the hypothesis that task-relevant high-frequency spectral activity is stochastic and that the decrease in high-frequency synchrony may facilitate enhanced low frequency phase coupling and interregional communication. Thus, the “connectivity tilt” may characterize behaviorally meaningful cortical interactions.
Three-dimensional assessment of the maxilla after modified surgically assisted rapid expansion: a retrospective study
Authors: Costa Felippe Almeida , Bahia Marcelo Santos , Chabot Priscila Quintino , Sverzut Cassio Edvard , Trivellato Alexandre Elias 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This retrospective study aims to assess the three-dimensional dentoskeletal effects and median palatal suture opening pattern in patients undergoing modified surgically assisted maxillary rapid expansion (SARME) without separating the pterygomaxillary suture.
Methods
Twenty-eight patients who underwent modified SARME between 2009 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Dental and skeletal measurements were taken at three operative times (before the expansion - T0, at the end of the activation of the Hyrax device - T1, six months after the immobilization of the device - T2). Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient, were performed using SPSS software.
Results
SARME demonstrated significant transverse maxillary expansion (mean 6.05 mm) with a greater impact on the anterior region. Dental measurements, including canine and molar distances, exhibited significant changes over the operative times. Bone measurements (ANS, PNS) showed small but significant alterations, particularly a slight inferior displacement of ANS during device activation. The width of the nasal floor increased, with a subsequent reduction post-immobilization. The median palatal suture predominantly exhibited Type II (V-shaped) opening.
Conclusions
The modified SARME showed an increase in the transversal direction and a super-lower skeletal displacement, with the anterior region being more affected than the posterior region, but there was no alteration in the anteroposterior direction of the maxilla. There was also an increase in linear dental measurements and a reduction in angular measurement, with a positive correlation between the amount of posterior bone expansion and molar expansion resulting from the treatment in the analyzed period.
A novel mutation of EXT2 gene in a Chinese family with hereditary multiple exostosis
Authors: Jiang Bo , Gao Jin , Sang Qinqqing , Sang Daoqian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to identify potential pathogenic mutations in EXT1 and EXT2 genes in a Chinese family with hereditary multiple exostosis (HME).
Methods
We directly sequenced exon regions (1–11 for EXT1 gene and 1–14 for EXT2 gene) after amplification of the genomic DNA extracted from the blood samples of the collected family. DANStar and comoparative analysis were used to confirm possible variants.
Results
The nonsense heterozygous mutation EXT2 c.67C > T, previously unreported in Chinese families, was discovered in all diseased individuals but not in normal family members of the pedigree. The EXT2 c.67C > T variation caused the introduction of a stop codon, leading to functional loss. No mutations were detected in the EXT1 gene.
Conclusions
The nonsense mutation EXT2 c.67C > T may be a possible cause of HME in this family.
Machine Learning-Based Prognostic Models for Long-Term Care in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Unable to Return Home: A Retrospective Analysis of ICU Admissions
Authors: Nyam Tee-Tau Eric , Tu Kuan-Chi , Chen Nai-Ching , Wang Che-Chuan , Liu Chung-Feng , Kuo Ching-Lung , Liao Jen-Chieh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) research often emphasizes mortality rates or functional recovery, overlooking the critical aspect of long-term care needed by patients reliant on institutional and Respiratory Care Ward (RCW) support. This study employs machine learning techniques to develop predictive models for analyzing the prognosis of this patient group.
Method
Retrospective data from electronic medical records at Chi Mei Medical Center, encompassing 2020 TBI patients admitted to the ICU between January 2016 and December 2021, were collected. A total of 44 features were included, utilizing four machine learning models and various feature combinations based on clinical significance and Spearman correlation coefficients. Predictive performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and validated with the DeLong test and SHAP (SHapley Additive explanations) analysis.
Result
Notably, 236 patients (11.68%) were transferred to long-term care centers. XGBoost with 27 features achieved the highest AUC (0.823), followed by Random Forest with 11 features (0.817), and LightGBM with 44 features (0.813). The DeLong test revealed no significant differences among the best predictive models under various feature combinations. SHAP analysis illustrated a similar distribution of feature importance for the top eleven features in XGBoost with 27 features and Random Forest with 11 features.
Conclusion
Random Forest demonstrated clinically meaningful predictive capability under 11-feature combinations. This predictive model provides early insights into patients' subsequent care trends, enabling proactive arrangements for institutional or RCW support.
Percieved Biopsychosocial Problems of Stroke Survivors Undergoing Home Care -A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bhagavathy Manjula G , Ramayiah Rama , Gangadharan Shobhana , Bharathi Bindhu , Hussain Taghreed , Muthugounder Kanthasamy , Jothirajan Deepa , Janakiraman Sivagamasundari A , Kurusar Kalaiselvi , Arrab Mervat Mostafa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Stroke causes permanent neurological damage and disability. Depending on the severity and type, stroke can leave a person with residual impairment of physical, psychological and social functions. A recurrent stroke can be avoided through integrated and well-coordinated home care which is possible only if stroke survivors perceived needs and problems are identified. This study is designed to describe the biopsychosocial problems of stroke survivors
Methods
The study used an interpretive qualitative approach by conducting in-depth interviews with 10 stroke survivors who had experienced post stroke deficits within one to three years of stroke. Participants were recruited from an outpatient clinic to gain insights into their biopsychosocial issues. Data were analyzed using Diekelmann's hermeneutical approach to uncover themes.
Results
Stroke is a sudden, stressful occurrence that affects the victim as well as their family. Disease affects physical, psychological, and socioeconomic domain. Themes emerged were categorised into these three areas. Subthemes in physical domain included difficulty with movement, nutrition, elimination, rest and sleep and activities of daily living. Subthemes in psychological domain included emotional, behavioural and cognitive reaction. Social and economic factors formed the subtheme of sociecomonic problem theme.
Conclusion
Recognising the problems patients experience while undergoing home care is essential in planning rehabilitative services for stroke victims. It can guide policies and mobilise resources to provide organised home care and prevent hospital readmissions.
New bioinsecticide based on Streptomyces griseoflavus PAL114 for biocontrol of black bean aphid Aphis fabae
Authors: Benbelkhir Fatma Zohra , Allali Khadidja , Benadjila Abderrahmane , Goudjal Yacine , Medjekal Samir , Zamoum Miyada 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This research highlights the efficiency of a new bioinsecticide based onStreptomyces griseoflavusPAL114 for black bean aphid control and its effect on fava beans. Three actinobacterial strains were testedin vitrofor their aphicidal activity. The PAL114 strain was then formulated in talc powder at two densities (≈ 106and ≈ 108spore ml− 1) and tested again. Furthermore, the bioinsecticide was applied to the plant in two modes in pot experiments to assess its effect. The results showed that PAL114 was the only strain that significantly influenced mortality (p = .001). It induced a very highly significant mortality when formulated (p˂.001), which exceeded 90% after 58 hours. The influence of both densities didn't differ significantly. There was no adverse effect of bioinsecticide on fava bean; in contrast, there was an improvement in growth especially when combined with soil amendment. The present study opens up prospects for field studies for the biocontrol of this crop pest.
Investigation of the shallow bedrock using the seismic refraction method – A case study in New Qena City, Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Gowad Ahmed M. Abdel , El-Haddad Assem E. , Aglan Mohamed I. , Hamed Ahmed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The seismic refraction technique has demonstrated its efficiency as a cost-effective geophysical approach for bedrock investigation, which is very important for major construction projects. In the southern part of New Qena City, in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, construction of many domestic facilities is planned. Therefore, a prior investigation focusing on bedrock is required to validate the site for construction and other projects. In this study, a site investigation of the southern part of New Qena City is conducted using the seismic refraction method to estimate the depth and thickness of the bedrock and to present the subsurface structural features affecting the area. Ten seismic refraction profiles were measured, and the data were used for tomographic inversion. The results revealed a three-layered subsurface, with the bedrock represented by the mudstone unit of the Pliocene Durri Formation. This layer is located at a shallow depth and exhibits relatively low velocities as well as lateral velocity variations. This is attributed to the clay content of the layer, the high degree of fracturing, and the lateral facies variation. Therefore, the layer could undergo geotechnical problems that could affect future construction projects in the area. Four subsurface faults were also detected in the velocity sections.