bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin Resistance in Association with Metabolic Syndrome in Wasit University Students in Iraq
Authors: Zamil Alaa , Amin Seenaa 
Published: October 2023

In Iraq 1.4 million of people have diabetes, the prevalence of T2DM was ranged (8.5%—13.9%), and the cluster of metabolic abnormalities has long been identified as the risk factors for type 2 diabetes and is now commonly described as metabolic syndrome/MetS. Insulin resistance takes a key role in the process of the MetS and has even been hypothesized as its underlying cause. Clinical and epidemiologic studies also indicate that obesity and life style habit might be correlated with IR. This study examined the relationship between IR and MetS in a sample of young, healthy university students in Iraq. It discovered that the severity of IR is positively correlated with the clustering of MetS risk factors in Iraqi students, suggesting that the IR index could be used as a diagnostic tool to identify the young adult who is at higher risk of developing IR and help prevent metabolic disorders that may develop secondary to IR. Insulin resistance was highly correlated with dietary product use, high BMI, and physical inactivity, investigating the IR in an early stage is crucial for trying to stop the disease progression into chronic disease.
Effect of pharmacist interventions on pulmonary function parameters of Iraqi asthmatic patients: A comparative study
Authors: Marwan S. Ibrahim  , Mohammed Mohammed Mahmood 
Published: October 2023

Background: Despite the fact that asthma is a long-term disease that may be treated, many people are unable to control their symptoms due to a lack of knowledge about their condition. The study's purpose was to find out if a pharmacist intervention improved asthma management because of this.
Objective: this study designed to assess the effect of pharmaceutical care on pulmonary functions test.
Method: The study was completed in three months. The patients who were enrolled were divided into two groups: Group 1 consists of 23 asthma patients who were randomly assigned to receive conventional therapy for chronic bronchial asthma based on disease stage and severity, as well as a pharmaceutical care plan that includes patient care and education, for three months. Group 2: Included in the study were 21 asthma patients who were randomly randomized to receive only conventional therapy for chronic bronchial asthma based on illness stage and severity for three months. All individuals included in this trial had their ACT and PFT levels checked at the start and three months later.
Result: the conclusion of the study, patients who received a verbal and written pharmaceutical implementation plan significantly improved their asthma control by increasing medication adherence, which was accompanied by an improvement in mean ACT and PFT scores for the interventional group when compared to the control group after 3 months of follow up.
Conclusion: The results of the study approved the important role of the pharmacist in asthma control to improve medication adherence and enhancing PFT and this mean increase asthma control
Ameliorating Effect of Azilsartan on Cisplatin -Induced Ocular Toxicity in Male Rats
Authors: Mahmood Naza , Noor Majid Raheem Kareem1  
Published: October 2023

Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of Azilsartan against Cisplatin-induced ocular damage by ameliorating the oxidative stress and inflammation status, as well as to compare two different doses of Azilsartan to the Resveratrol. Fifty-six male Wister albino-rats, weighing 270±30 g. The rats were allocated at random into seven groups (n=8 per group), as follows: Group 1 (Healthy control) was given 0.5% CMC orally for the 14 days. Group 2 (Positive control) was given a single injection of 7mg/kg Cisplatin intraperitoneally and then 0.5% CMC orally for the following 14 days. Group 3 was given 3.5mg/kg Azilsartan orally for the following 14 days. Group 4 was given 7mg/kg Azilsartan orally for the following 14 days. Group 5 was given a single injection of 7mg/kg Cisplatin intraperitoneally and then 3.5mg/kg Azilsartan orally for the following 14 days. Group 6 was given a single injection of 7mg/kg Cisplatin intraperitoneally and then 7mg/kg Azilsartan orally for the following 14 days. Group 7 (standard) was given 25mg/kg/day Resveratrol orally for following 14 days.Azilsartan at low dose (3.5mg/kg) showed a significant reduction in IL-1β pro-inflammatory marker level, whereas there was no significant effect on MDA and SOD levels in cisplatin-induced ocular damage. Histologically, there were significant reduction in inflammatory exudates, edema, and inflammatory cells infiltration with both doses. Additionally, there were no significant difference among Azilsartan only received groups and Resveratrol group. Azilsartan shows a promising anti-inflammatory effect in ocular tissue in Cisplatin experimental rat models by significantly reducing IL-1β overexpression, through its potent AT1receptor blocking effect. However, Azilsartan showed a slight effect on MDA levels and marginal effect on SOD levels in Cisplatin-induced ocular toxicity. Furthermore, Azilsartan at a low dose slightly mimicked the effect of resveratrol on normal ocular tissue, suggesting an advancement in prophylactic application in ocular injury.
Keywords: Azilsartan, IL-1β, Cisplatin, Ocular Toxicity
Safety and functional outcomes of early antiplatelet therapy within 24 hours following mechanical thrombectomy for secondary prevention in emergent large-vessel occlusion strokes: a registry study
Authors: Alexander Hepzibha , Claus Chad F. , Tong Doris , McCabe Robert , Garmo Lucas , Gabrail Joseph , Kelkar Prashant , Griauzde Julius , Soo Teck M. , Richards Boyd 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the safety and functional outcomes of antiplatelet use within 24 hours following mechanical thrombectomy (MT).

METHODS
A retrospective review of prospectively collected data for consecutive patients who underwent MT for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) between 2016 and 2020 was performed. Patient demographics, comorbidities, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS), antiplatelet use, neurological status, and tissue plasminogen activator use were collected. Patients were stratified into two groups, early (< 24 hours) or late (> 24 hours), based on when antiplatelet therapy was initiated post-MT. The primary outcome was safety, determined based on the rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and inpatient mortality. The secondary outcome was functional independence (defined as modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score ≤ 2) at discharge and 30 days and 90 days postoperatively. The two cohorts were compared using univariate analysis. Multiple imputations were used to create complete data sets for missing data. Multivariable analysis was used to identify predictors for sICH and functional outcomes.

RESULTS
A total of 190 patients met inclusion criteria (95 per group). Significant differences between the early and late groups included sex, preoperative intravenous thrombolysis, angioplasty, stent placement, and thrombectomy site. ICH (symptomatic and asymptomatic) and inpatient mortality were not significantly different between the groups. The mRS score was significantly lower at discharge (p < 0.001), 30 days (p = 0.011), and 90 days (p = 0.024) following MT in the early group. Functional independence was significantly higher in the early antiplatelet group at discharge (p = 0.015) and at 30 days (p = 0.006). Early antiplatelet use was independently associated with significantly increased odds of achieving functional independence at discharge (OR 3.07, p = 0.007) and 30 days (OR 5.78, p = 0.004). Early antiplatelet therapy was not independently associated with increased odds of sICH.

CONCLUSIONS
Early antiplatelet initiation after MT in patients with AIS was independently associated with significantly increased odds of improved postoperative functional outcomes without increased odds of developing sICH.
Stroke risk related to intentional discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy for invasive procedures
Authors: Mitsui Nobuyuki , Kinoshita Manabu , Sawada Jun , Fujiya Mikihiro , Furukawa Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Antithrombotic medications pose a challenge for conducting surgical or invasive procedures, because their discontinuation is required to avoid postprocedural hemorrhagic complications but potentially increases the ischemic risk for the patient. This study aimed to estimate the increased risk of developing cerebral ischemic events during hospitalization requiring discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy.

METHODS
This investigation was a single-center retrospective observational study. Clinical data in patients scheduled for admission between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022, were collected. Patients requiring discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy were identified by referring to the admission database. Patients who developed cerebral ischemia were identified by referring to the institution’s stroke center database.

RESULTS
Seven hundred ninety-six patients scheduled for nonneurosurgical procedures and 39 scheduled for neurosurgical procedures underwent discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy. Anticoagulation therapy was prescribed in 40.0%, and antiplatelet therapy was prescribed in 69.1% of the patients. A total of 9.2% of the entire cohort of patients were receiving both anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy. Bridging therapy was administered in 20.9% of nonneurosurgical patients. No ischemic event was observed in the patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures. Among the entire cohort, 3 patients encountered some kind of thrombotic event—2 of which were cerebral ischemia—accounting for an incidence of 0.24%, which was significantly higher than incidental in-hospital stroke unrelated to discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy (p = 0.04). Patients undergoing both anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy harbored a significantly higher risk for cerebral ischemia related to discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy (p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
Discontinuing antithrombotic therapy during hospitalization for elective invasive procedures—including neurosurgical procedures—entailed a relatively small risk of developing cerebral ischemic events, but the risk was significantly higher compared to hospitalized patients without discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy.
Bleeding risk evaluation in cerebral cavernous malformation, the role of medications, and hemorrhagic factors: a case-control study
Authors: Scerrati Alba , Mantovani Giorgio , Travaglini Francesco , Bradaschia Leonardo , De Bonis Pasquale , Farneti Marco , Cavallo Michele Alessandro , Dones Flavia , Flacco Maria Elena , Auricchio Anna Maria , Benato Alberto , Albanese Alessio , Sturiale Carmelo Lucio 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular lesions with an overall risk of rupture from 2% to 6% per year, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The diagnostic incidence is increasing, so it is of paramount importance to stratify patients based on their risk of rupture. Data in the literature seem to suggest that specific medications, particularly antithrombotic and cardiovascular agents, are associated with a reduced risk of bleeding. However, the effect of the patient coagulative status on the cumulative bleeding risk remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of different radiological, clinical, and pharmacological factors on the bleeding risk of CCMs and to assess the predictive power of an already validated scale for general bleeding risk, the HAS-BLED (hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly).

METHOD
This was a multicenter retrospective observational study. The authors collected imaging, clinical status, and therapy data on patients with bleeding and nonbleeding CCMs. Univariate analysis and subsequent multivariate logistic regression were performed between the considered variables and bleeding or nonbleeding status to identify potential independent predictors of bleeding.

RESULTS
The authors collected data on 257 patients (46.7% male, 25.3% with bleeding CCMs). Compared with patients with nonbleeding lesions, those with bleeding CCMs were younger, less frequently had hypertension, and less frequently required antiplatelet drugs and beta-blockers (all p < 0.05). Bleeding lesions, however, had significantly higher median volumes (1050 mm3 vs 523 mm3
, p < 0.001). On multivariate analyses, after adjusting for age, history of hypertension and diabetes, and use of antiplatelet drugs or beta-blockers, lesion volume ≥ 300 mm3 was the only significant predictor of bleeding (adjusted OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.09–8.86). When the diagnostic accuracy of different volume thresholds was explored, volume ≥ 300 mm3 showed a limited sensitivity (36.7%, 95% CI 24.6%–50.0%), but a high specificity 78.2% (95% CI 71.3%–84.2%), with an area under the curve of 0.57 (95% CI 0.51–0.64).

CONCLUSIONS
This study supports previous findings that the CCM volume is the only factor influencing the bleeding risk. Antithrombotic agents and propranolol seem to have a protective role against the bleeding events. A high HAS-BLED score was not associated with an increased bleeding risk. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Does the clopidogrel CYP2C19 genotype assay predict postprocedure stenosis in cerebral aneurysms treated with a flow diverter?
Authors: Allen Austin J. , Gelinne Aaron , Quig Nathan S. , Reed Samuel , Shastri Darshan , Ho James P. , Yap Edward 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Flow diverters have emerged as a popular modality for treating cerebral aneurysms but require dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after placement. Clopidogrel is a common choice but is a prodrug that some patients may not convert into an active metabolite. The CYP2C19 genotype assay is used to predict activation speed; however, limited data exist showcasing whether this genotype accurately predicts postprocedure complications after flow diversion treatment of cerebral aneurysms. Therefore, the authors sought to characterize whether CYP2C19 genotype correlated with the development of postprocedure intimal hyperplasia (stenosis) after flow diverter placement.

METHODS
Medical records were reviewed for patients who underwent flow diverter treatment of cerebral aneurysm at a single academic institution between January 1, 2012, and May 31, 2020. Patient demographics and comorbidities were reviewed alongside CYP2C19 genotype assay, DAPT regimen, and postprocedure angiogram data. Stenosis was defined based on review of angiogram data by two independent physicians.

RESULTS
In this review of 120 unique cerebral aneurysms, 102 received DAPT with clopidogrel and 18 received DAPT with an alternative agent. Stenosis was present on 3-month follow-up angiogram for 35/102 (34.3%) aneurysms receiving DAPT with clopidogrel and in 11/18 (61.1%) aneurysms receiving an alternative DAPT regimen (p = 0.031). The CYP2C19 genotype did not correlate with postprocedure stenosis (p = 0.35).

CONCLUSIONS
Clopidogrel was a significantly more effective DAPT agent for preventing stenosis when compared to nonclopidogrel DAPT regimens. The clopidogrel CYP2C19 genotype did not predict postprocedure stenosis in this cohort of 120 cerebral aneurysms treated with a flow diverter.
INDEKS DMF-T BERDASARKAN JENIS KELAMIN PADA SISWA KELAS V DAN VI SD
Authors: Warman Anses , Eriyati Eriyati , Ifitri Ika , Arnetty Arnetty 
Published: October 2023

Pendahuluan: Karies merupakan suatu penyakit kronis yang paling umum diseluruh dunia yang menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan keras gigi (email, dentin, dan sementum). Indikator karies gigi adalah penentu keadaan gigi geligi permanen seseorang yang pernah mengalami kerusakan, hilang, perbaikan yang disebabkan oleh karies gigi, indikator ini bisa menggunakan Indeks DMF-T (Decayed, Missing, Filled Tooth). Menurut teori perempuan memiliki resiko karies yang lebih tinggi daripada laki-laki. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui rata-rata Indeks DMF-T berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah murid Kelas V dan VI di SDN 01 Tangah Kecamatan Kamang Magek Kabupaten Agam dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 32 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara Purposive sampling yang mengambil populasi tertentu. Hasil: di SDN 01 Tangah Kecamatan Kamang Magek berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada murid kelas V dan VI didapatkan rata-rata Indeks DMF-T Perempuan 3,1 (kriteria sedang), rata-rata Indeks DMF-T laki-laki 1,8 (kriteria rendah), Sedangkan rata-rata Indeks DMF-T Murid Kelas V dan VI adalah 2,3 (kriteria rendah). Kesimpulan dan Saran: Setiap anak perempuan memiliki 0-3 gigi mengalami karies dan anak laki-laki memiliki 0-2 gigi mengalami karies. Setiap Murid Kelas V dan VI di SDN 01 Tangah memiliki 0-2 gigi mengalami karies, Disarankan kepada murid Kelas V dan VI SDN 01 Tangah untuk melakukan perawatan gigi berlubang ke pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta mengurangi makanan manis dan melekat, menyikat gigi 2x sehari pagi setelah sarapan dan malam sebelum tidur. Menerapkan kebiasaan berkumur-kumur setelah mengkonsumsi makanan manis dan melekat serta memeriksakan kesehatan gigi dan mulut minimal 1 x 6 bulan.
TINGKAT STRES PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR DI FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS X
Authors: Wulandini Putri , Sukarni Sukarni , Suyanti Nunuk 
Published: October 2023

Latar belakang: banyaknya stressor dan tuntutan yang didapatkan mahasiswa dapat menjadi tekanan tersendiri bagi mahasiswa sehingga menyebabkan munculnya stres akibat penyusunan tugas akhir. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui tingkat stres pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir di Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas X . Metodologi: penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif yaitu metode penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan utama untuk melihat gambaran secara objektif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah Seluruh mahasiswa tingkat akhir di FKIP Universitas X dan jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 114 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen penelitian kuesioner. Hasil ukur tingkat stres berdasarkan Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) Hasil: responden menurut tingkat stres yang mayoritas yaitu stres sedang yang berjumlah 71 responden (62,3%), sedangkan stress ringan terdapat 17 responden (14,9%) dan stress berat sebanyak 26 responden (22,8%). Diskusi: civitas akademik dapat membrikan pelatihan cara komunikasi interpersonal yang lebih motivasi, dukungan terhadap mahasiswa tingkat akhir, sehingga stress dapat dimimalisir.
AANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO PENYEBAB PENULARAN COVID-19 PADA TENAGA KESEHATAN DI JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Aulya Yenny , Gegu Evania Sale , Widowati Retno 
Published: October 2023

Pendahuluan: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ) yaitu penyakit menular yang diakibatkan oleh virus Sars-Cov-2 yang penyebarannya dari manusia ke manusia melalui droplet yang keluar dari batuk dan bersin. Tenaga kesehatan merupakan profesi yang secara langsung melakukan interaksi dengan pasien yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19 sehingga sangat rentan terpapar bahkan tertular penyakit infeksi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko penyebab penularan COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan di Jakarta Selatan. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 60 orang tenaga kesehatan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel independen dan dependen. Hasil: Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan hasil bahwa yaitu ketepatan pemakaian APD p-value 0,061>0,05, cuci tangan pakai sabun p-value 0,141>0,05, kontak erat p-value 0,000<0,05, pengetahuan p-value 0,084>0,05, komorbid p-value 0,415>0,05 dan beban kerja p-value 0,001<0,05. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Diketahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan signifikan dengan penularan COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan yaitu kontak erat dan beban kerja, sedangkan faktor risiko yang tidak berhubungan yaitu ketepatan pemakaian APD, cuci tangan pakai sabun, pengetahuan dan komorbid. Diharapkan upaya tenaga kesehatan untuk tetap teliti dan mematuhi prosedur dalam menerapkan protokol kesehatan saat memberikan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat agar tidak tertular virus COVID-19 .
STATUS GINGIVA PADA IBU HAMIL DI POSYANDU KABUPATEN SOLOK
Authors: Eriyati Eriyati , Ifitri Ika 
Published: October 2023

Pendahuluan: Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut meningkat dari tahun 2007, 2013 dan 2018, salah satunya adalah masalah kesehatan gingiva.Peradangan gingiva (gingivitis) dapat terjadi pada setiap orang, termasuk ibu hamil.Kejadian ini merupakan respon inflamasi berlebihan dari gingiva terhadap dental plak, serta perubahan hormonal pada ibu hamil yaitu, perubahan hormon estrogen dan progesteron.Tujuan:penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran status gingiva pada ibu hamil di Posyandu Jorong Galanggang Tangah Selayo, Kecamatan Kubung, Kabupaten Solok.Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif.Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil di Posyandu Jorong Galanggang Tangah Selayo dengan populasi berjumlah 42 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara teknik sampling jenuh yaitu sebanyak 42 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan langsung terhadap responden.Analisis data secara analisis univariat.Hasil penelitian: menunjukkan bahwa status gingiva ibu hamil di Posyandu Jorong Galanggang Tangah Selayo kriteria sehat 0%, peradangan ringan 56,9% (24 orang), peradangan sedang sebesar 38% (16 orang) dan peradangan berat sebesar 4,8% (2 orang). Kesimpulan dan saran: status gingiva pada ibu hamil di Posyandu Jorong Galanggang Tangah Selayo tahun 2023 paling banyak terjadi peradangan ringan. Lebih memperhatikan kebersihan gigi dan mulut serta mengkonsumsi makanan bergizi seimbangdan memeriksakan kesehatan gigi dan mulut ke tenaga kesehatan gigi mulut 1x3 bulan.