bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation on Enhancement of Heat Transfer using γ-Al2O3–Water as a Nanofluid in a Finned Tube Heat Exchanger
Authors: Ali Hassanein , Hussein Rana Ali , Aljanabi Ali A. Abbas 
Published: January 2025

This research discusses the literature on experimental investigations of heat transfer improvement with the help of nanofluids in heat exchangers. The research does show that the performance of the compound is better in terms of heat transfer than the base fluids in the horizontal shell and tube heat exchangers. Nevertheless, the viscosity increases with the nanoparticle concentration, and this influences the friction factor. This study reveals that the application of nanofluids increases the performance of heat exchangers in the cross-flow low integral finned tubes. The experimental studies reveal that there is an enhancement in thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients in Al₂O₃/distilled water nanofluid that makes them suitable for improving the heat exchanger efficiency. The experiments were performed at concentrations of γ-Al₂O₃ of 0.0%, 0.1%, and 0.5%, at the temperatures of 45 °C, 55 °C, and 65 °C, and at the γ-Al₂O₃/water flow rates of 2, 4, and 6 LPM. Experiments reveal that finned tubes increase the heat transfer coefficients, which is useful for understanding the performance of heat exchangers under various operating conditions. For instance, the addition of 0.5% Al₂O₃ resulted in an increase of heat transfer rate by 30% and heat transfer coefficient by 22% when the flow rate was 4 LPM and the temperature was 65°C. The Nusselt number also rose by 8% for Al₂O₃ nanofluid compared to distilled water under the same conditions. This research supports that under optimized concentrations of nanofluids, thermal management in heat exchangers is enhanced with the thermal efficiency increasing with the Re to a point of optimum at Re=7000. This work improves heat transfer in finned tube heat exchangers with nanomaterial-water mixtures and presents correlations, recommendations, and directions for further work.
Effect of Cobalt Ferrite Particles on Thermorheological Properties of Magnetic Grease
Authors: Ahmad Tarmizi Siti Maisarah , Nordin Nur Azmah , Mazlan Saiful Amri , Adanan Nur Adilah 
Published: January 2025

Magnetorheological (MR) grease is one smart material that consists of dispersion of magnetic particles within lubricating grease matrix that exhibit controllable rheological properties under the influence of magnetic field. However, the thermal stability regarding the rheological properties of MR grease has become a great challenge, especially in most engineering applications. Therefore, in this study, soft magnetic particles which are cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) particles have been utilized as additives in MR grease due to their high magnetic properties and high thermal stability. Before utilizing the additives in the MR grease, the CoFe2O4 particles is synthesized via the co-precipitation method. The fabricated MR grease was then investigated in terms of morphological properties and elemental composition via field emission electron scanning microscopy (FESEM), optical microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermal resistivity of MR grease also has been analyzed by using KD2Pro. Next, the thermorheological properties of the fabricated MRG with 1wt% of CoFe2­O4 particles have been investigated corresponding to the wide range of temperature from 25℃ to 65℃ under 0T and 0.547T of magnetic field strength.­ The results indicate that the CoFe­2O4 particles significantly enhances the thermal stability in terms of thermal resistivity and viscosity, ­which offers superior performance due to the enhancement of magnetic particle interaction within the grease matrix. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of ferrimagnetic particles in improving the thermorheological properties of MR grease, paving the way for advanced applications where thermal resilience is critical.
The Influence of Debt Equity Ratio (DER), Earning Per Share (EPS), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Return on Equity (ROE) on Stock Returns (Study of the Cigarette Industry that Goes Public on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2011-2021 Period)
Authors: Hanifah Azimah 
Published: January 2025

The capital market is one alternative used by companies to obtain funds. The presence of the capital market increases the choice of sources of funds for investors and increases investment choices, which can also be interpreted as opportunities to obtain returns. Investment is a commitment to a certain amount of funds or other data sources made at this time with the aim of obtaining a number of profits in the future. This research aims to find the influence of Debt Equity Ratio, Earning Per Share, Net Profit Margin, Return on Equity, Stock Return in the Cigarette Industry that Goes Public on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2011-2021 Period. This research uses an expanatory approach. The object of this research is the cigarette industry listed on the Indonesian stock exchange starting from 2011-2021 on 3 companies which was analyzed using path analysis. From the test results it can be seen that the Debt Equity Ratio (DER), Earning Per Share (EPS), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Return on Equity (ROE) on Stock Returns is positive and significant. However, if viewed partially, Return on Equity (ROE) has a more dominant influence on Stock Returns. This can be understood because each indicator of Debt Equity Ratio (DER), Earning Per Share (EPS), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Return on Equity (ROE) is used as an aspect of measuring Stock Returns.
Pengaruh Financial Difficulty Level, Growth Opportunity, Company Size, Leverage dan Profitabilitas terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi
Authors: Pratiwi Dea , Zulfikar Zulfikar 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial difficulty level, growth opportunity, company size, leverage, and profitability on accounting conservatism. This type of research is a quantitative method. The population in this study was obtained from data from non-financial companies that publish financial statements and annual reports on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and the company's official website for the period 2020-2022. This research data is secondary obtained through direct access on the website of Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) (www.idx.com) and the company's official website. Sampling method using purposive sampling, and obtained the final results of the company as a sample of 552 companies. The method of analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results provide empirical evidence that financial difficulty level, growth opportunity, company size, leverage does not affect the accounting conservatism, while profitability affects the accounting conservatism
Problems of Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) In The Process of Land Registration In Indonesia
Authors: Riza Nurhaidy Rahman  
Published: January 2025

The legalization of assets with various program names such as PTSL is a continuation of past land administration activities, not too different from village land registration per village in 1961, PRONA, ILAP, and LMPDP. That is, PTSL is a current policy that continues past policies on the translation of Article 19 of the UUPA regarding the state's obligation to register all land in Indonesia. The difference is the packaging and packaging as well as the period or the perpetrator of the policy. We call all these programs as part of land titling, or land administration (legalization/land certification), in order to organize the land administration system. The basic argument is still the same, when the state succeeds in organizing its land administration system, then the data collection is more complete, can minimize, conflict, and give a sense of security to landowners, as well as make it easier for other policy makers. That the ratio-logic implementation of the PTSL program is as a translation of Article 19 of the Basic Agrarian Law on the state's obligation to register all land in Indonesia as well as build new land plot data and at the same time maintain the quality of existing land plot data so that all land plots are registered complete and accurate which provides guarantees of certainty and legal protection of land rights and the guarantee of the location and boundaries of land fields so that it is expected to create a climate of Good investment in Indonesia in accordance with the nawasita of President Joko Widodo. The problem of the implementation of PTSL in Indonesia is the existence of synchronization of regulations between Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration Articles 17, 18 and 19 with the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning of the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2018 concerning Complete Systematic Land Registration of Article 4 paragraph (2) and the PTSL program ignores the tenurial rights of indigenous people, the legal implications of PTSL on customary people's tenure rights in Indonesia is that if the lands of indigenous people are included in the PTSL program, then the customary rights inherent in the community will be destroyed and changed to individual rights only. Article 22 of the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2018 concerning Complete Systematic Land Registration also provides easy requirements for applying for land plot certification so that it is prone to land disputes and conflicts.
Legal Analysis of Land Sale And Purchase Deeds Made Not in Accordance With the Provisions of Government Regulation Number 24 of 2016 (Case Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 3507 K/PDT/2023)
Authors: Florentina Cristy  , Mia Hadiati  
Published: January 2025

This research aims to examine the validity of the deed made by the Deed Official. The State of Indonesia declares itself as a State of law which means that all aspects of life including all activities, regulations, and decisions to be taken by the Government must be based on all applicable laws in the State of Indonesia. The leadership system adopted by Indonesia is a Presidential government where the President is given the duty and trust as the Head of State. In exercising his governmental powers, the President is assisted by state ministers appointed and dismissed by the President. Regarding the scope of Land Registration in Indonesia, the Government is assisted by the National Land Agency and the Land Deed Official. The presence and role of the Land Deed Official in ensuring legal certainty of land status and ownership is very important because it is the main pillar, the condition for the authenticity of a deed, as proof that a legal action has occurred regarding land rights. In carrying out his position, the Land Deed Official is obliged to comply with statutory regulations, namely Government Regulation Number 24 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Government Regulation Number 37 of 1998 concerning Regulations on the Position of Land Deed Officials. The presence and role of the Land Deed Official in ensuring legal certainty of land status and ownership is very important because it is the main pillar, the condition for the authenticity of a deed, as proof that a legal action has occurred regarding land rights. In carrying out his position, the Land Deed Official is obliged to comply with statutory regulations, namely Government Regulation Number 24 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Government Regulation Number 37 of 1998 concerning Regulations on the Position of Land Deed Officials. This research, namely by examining the Supreme Court Decision Number 3507 K / Pdt / 2023, and the statutory approach to understanding how the law is applied in the concrete situation of the case.
Settlement of Default in the Coal Procurement Agreement Between PT. Semen Padang with PT. International Periodical Using Letter of Credit (L/C)
Authors: Aldyans Rio Pratra  , Elwi Danil  , Azmi Fendri  
Published: January 2025

In the Coal Sale and Purchase Agreement Number 39/PJJ/PBR.12/01.2008 between PT Semen Padang and PT Berkala International, payment is made by Domestic Documented Letter of Credit or Letter of Credit. For this reason, SKBDN Number MS 77106009548 was issued by PT Bank Mandiri in the amount of IDR 29,700,000,000.00,- to PT Berkala International. PT Berkala Internasional defaulted on not sending coal according to the agreed time. Using a case approach and normative juridical, primary data was obtained from PT. Semen Padang and secondary data are primary and secondary legal materials. To analyze the first problem, legal protection and contract theory are used, the second problem is dispute resolution theory. According to Article 1338 of the Civil Code, the consent made legally binding on the parties holding it, providing legal protection for PT Semen Padang to demand PT Berkala International, to do something, namely to deliver coal as stipulated in Article 1234 of the Civil Code. According to the contract theory, the agreement occurred after the party that received the offer, namely PT Berkala International, agreed to PT Semen Padang's offer to send coal. By filing a default lawsuit, the Padang District Court, the Padang High Court, and the Supreme Court, won PT Semen Padang.
Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova Explosions
Authors: Huang Xu-Run , Zha Shuai , Chu Ming-chung , O’Connor Evan P. , Chen Lie-Wen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A hadron–quark phase transition (PT) may trigger supernova explosions during stellar core collapse. However, both success and failure have occurred in previous attempts to explode dying stars via this mechanism. We systematically explore the outcomes of the PT-induced collapse of mock proto-compact stars (PCSs) with a constant entropy and lepton fraction, with spherically symmetric general relativistic hydrodynamic simulations and a controlled series of hybrid equations of state. Our results reveal the qualitative dependence of successful and failed explosions on the PT and quark matter characteristics. A small portion (∼0.04%−1%) of the released binding energy ΔE

B
transforms into the diagnostic explosion energy E
exp,diag, which saturates at ∼6 × 1051 erg near the black hole formation. Note that our E
exp,diag represents an upper limit of the final explosion energies in realistic supernova simulations. We draw the phase diagrams indicative of the possible fates of supernova explosions driven by hadron−quark PTs, where the control parameters are the onset density, the energy gap of the PT, and the quark matter speed of sound. Our findings can guide further self-consistent investigations on PT-driven core-collapse supernovae and help identify hadron−quark PT-induced PCS collapse from future observations.
Cosmic Reionization on Computers: The Evolution of the Ionizing Background and Mean Free Path
Authors: Fan 樊 Jiawen 稼问 , Chen Huanqing , Avestruz Camille , Khadir Affan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Observations of the end stages of reionization indicate that at z ≈ 5–6, the ionizing background is not uniform and the mean free path (MFP) changes drastically. As the MFP is closely related to the distribution of Lyman-limit systems (LLSs) and damped Lyα absorbers, it is important to understand them. In this study, we utilize the Cosmic Reionization on Computers (CROC) simulations, which have both sufficient spatial resolution to resolve galaxy formation and LLSs alongside a fully coupled radiative transfer, to simulate the reionization processes. We analyze two CROC boxes with distinct reionization histories and find that the distributions of the ionizing background in both simulations display significant skewness. Further, the ionizing background in the late-reionization box still displays significant fluctuations (∼40%) at z ≈ 5. We also measure the MFP along sightlines that center on potential quasar hosting halos. The evolution of the MFP measured from these sightlines exhibits a break that coincides with the disappearance of all the neutral islands in the reionization history of each box. In the absence of LLSs, the MFP will be biased high by ≈20% at z ≈ 5. We also compare the MFPs measured in random sightlines. We find that at z ≈ 5, the MFPs measured in sightlines that start from massive halos are systematically smaller by ≈10% compared with the MFPs measured in random sightlines. We attribute this difference to the concentration of dense structures within 1 pMpc of massive halos. Our findings highlight the importance of high-fidelity models in the interpretation of observational measurements.
Collision-induced Absorption Spectra of N2 and CH4
Authors: Johnson Ryan M. , Bernath Peter F. , Billinghurst Brant , Zhao Jianbao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Collision-induced spectra are essential for radiative transfer modeling of Titan's atmosphere. We present experimental spectra of nitrogen–methane mixtures with an accompanying fit of N2-CH4 collision-induced absorption in the 30–400 cm−1 region at about 130 K. We found a peak absorption of 2.30 × 10−5 cm−1 amagat−2 at 75 cm−1 and a secondary peak of 1.35 × 10−5 cm−1 amagat−2 at 206.5 cm−1, which agrees with previous studies. Our work does not support the suggestion that N2-CH4 CIA in the far-infrared should be increased by about 50%, as suggested by spectroscopic modeling of Titan using data from A. Borysow & C. Tang.
Formation of Super-Earths and Mini-Neptunes from Rings of Planetesimals
Authors: Shibata Sho , Izidoro Andre 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The solar system's planetary architecture has been proposed to be consistent with the terrestrial and giant planets forming from material rings at ∼1 au and ∼5 au, respectively. Here, we show that super-Earths and mini-Neptunes may share a similar formation pathway. In our simulations conducted with a disk α-viscosity of 4 × 10−3, super-Earths accrete from rings of rocky material in the inner disk, growing predominantly via planetesimal accretion. Mini-Neptunes primarily originate from rings located beyond the water snowline, forming via pebble accretion. Our simulations broadly match the period-ratio distribution, the intrasystem size uniformity, and the planet multiplicity distribution of exoplanets. The radius valley constrains the typical total mass available for rocky planet formation to be less than 3–6 M
⊕. Our results predict that planets at ∼1 au in systems with close-in super-Earths and mini-Neptunes are predominantly water-rich. Though relatively uncommon, at ∼1% level, such systems might also host rocky Earth-sized planets in the habitable zone that underwent late giant impacts, akin to the Moon-forming event.
Les compagnies ambulantes et le théâtre jésuite à Prague entre 1700 et 1763 : l’essoufflement du baroque ?
Authors: Jacková Magdalena 
Published: January 2025

À Prague, il n’existe aucun théâtre fixe et on ne connaît que les troupes itinérantes professionnelles qui s’expriment principalement en allemand. Les jésuites sont les seuls à proposer des spectacles susceptibles de toucher un large public. L’ampleur et la diversité des productions sont impressionnantes : des dizaines de pièce de Kolczawa et de Pannagl sont publiées, auxquelles il faut ajouter de très nombreuses pièces manuscrites, souvent anonymes, et des centaines de programmes. Durant la première moitié du siècle, les thématiques traitées évoluent : les libertins corrigés, saints, martyrs, intrigues de cour, intrigues familiales évoluent vers une sensibilité exacerbée où la bonté, la fraternité et l’amour l’emportent sur les vertus stoïques. Lachatsch, actif de 1740 à 1760, occupe une place particulière. Ses pièces illustrent les vertus patriotiques, religieuses et familiales tout en mettant en garde contre les pièges de la vanité et de l’ambition.
De Vienne à Bruxelles. La manifestation du pouvoir habsbourgeois à Bruxelles au temps du gouvernement de Charles de Lorraine (1744-1780)
Authors: Vidal Clara 
Published: January 2025

L’étude porte sur les cérémonies organisées à Bruxelles au temps de Charles de Lorraine (1744-1780), présentées comme systèmes et espaces d’informations complexes. Dans la continuité de celles développées depuis l’époque des ducs de Bourgogne, elles s’attachent au spectacle du pouvoir et à ses pratiques spatiales dans un cadre urbain qui se renouvelle autour du quartier royal, réaménagé après l'incendie et la destruction du vieux palais du Coudenberg. Cette continuité de la ville des cérémonies est un résultat du système de communication et d’information des Habsbourg de Vienne vis-à-vis des Pays-Bas autrichiens et permet de faire « monstration » de la légitimité de la dynastie sur ses provinces belges. L’organisation et les aspects rituels de ces « monstrations » interrogent les moyens déployés par le pouvoir viennois pour maintenir le lien entre les sujets et leurs souverains absents du territoire, comme le cas se posait déjà pour les rois d’Espagne avant 1700. L’attention est d’abord portée sur les célébrations liées à l’actualité des membres de la maison de Habsbourg-Lorraine depuis la cour de Vienne. À partir de la diffusion de l’information dynastique à travers les cérémonies, sont ensuite analysés les procédés de légitimation du pouvoir habsbourgeois, puis la façon dont le pouvoir investit l’espace urbain dans ces moments de célébration et y imprime sa marque.
Entre exclusif et transit. Perspective de relance du commerce extérieur des départements belges
Authors: Antoine François 
Published: January 2025

Par suite de l’invasion de son territoire par les troupes françaises, la Hollande dut signer en 1795 un traité de paix impliquant la libre navigation sur Rhin, la Meuse, l’Escaut, le Hondt et toutes leurs branches jusqu’à la mer pour les nations française et batave. Les vaisseaux français et des Provinces-Unies devaient indistinctement y être reçus, aux mêmes conditions. La réouverture du fleuve et la réunion des anciens Pays-Bas autrichiens à la France, puissance européenne capable de contrebalancer Hollande et Angleterre, laissaient entrevoir aux négociants belges des perspectives prometteuses. Cette volonté d’échapper à ces deux puissances maritimes n’était pas neuve. Déjà, les gouvernants autrichiens avaient tenté d’empêcher les conséquences dues à la fermeture de l’Escaut en développant le port d’Ostende. Ils profitèrent de la situation géographique privilégiée des Pays-Bas méridionaux, carrefour du nord-ouest de l’Europe, pour accroître un commerce de transit. Dans cette optique, l’impératrice Marie-Thérèse et son fils Joseph II y améliorèrent l’infrastructure routière et fluviale. Un réseau de canaux reliait directement à la mer Bruges, Gand, Bruxelles et Louvain que les bateaux de haute mer pouvaient dès lors atteindre sans rompre charge. Ces villes dotées d’entrepôts devinrent de véritables plaques tournantes commerciales. Le statut d’entrepôt dotait ces villes de privilèges douaniers leur permettant à moindres frais d’écouler sur le marché intérieur les marchandises importées ou de les réexpédier vers l’étranger. Les Pays-Bas autrichiens devenus français, les négociants de ces villes craignirent la mise en application de la mesure prise par la Constituante de rejeter les douanes aux extrêmes frontières. Elle fut mise en application par l’arrêté du 3 thermidor an X (23 juillet 1802) fixant les droits à percevoir sur les denrées et les productions coloniales françaises et étrangères.