bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Layered manganese oxides structures: Micro‐Raman and selected mobile Raman spectroscopic studies
Authors: Vermeersch Eva , Košek Filip , De Grave Johan , Jehlička Jan , Rousaki Anastasia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe main structural building blocks that form manganese oxides are MnO6 octahedra; these share corners and edges to construct specific structures, which can either be tunneled or layered. In the layered structures, that is, phyllomanganates, the MnO6 octahedra form sheets, which, in turn, alternate with sheets of metal oxides and H2O. These metal ions can vary (Zn, Co, Ni, Al, Li, …) and give rise to an entire range of different metal oxides. The characterization of these layered materials is important as they have various economical/industrial applications. Birnessite‐type materials, a specific type of layered manganese oxides, are widely studied for their use as cathode materials in alkali‐ion batteries. Phyllomanganates are also commonly found as constituents in sediments and soils or as coatings on rock surfaces. Their natural occurrence as black colored components have ensured that these minerals were also applied as pigments in archaeological and historical contexts. They are, for example, often found in rock art paintings and on pottery. As the oxides are used in unique archaeological objects, Raman spectroscopy is an evident choice for characterization due to its non‐destructive nature of analysis. In the current study, five mineral samples of (layered) manganese oxides are analyzed with different Raman instrumentations, including mobile systems and a benchtop micro‐Raman setup. The characterization of each selected manganese oxide and their comparison with literature data is discussed for the micro‐Raman instrumentation. In addition, the ability of identifying and characterizing layered manganese oxides and the possible challenges when using mobile instrumentation are discussed as well.
The preservation effect of biodegradable gelatin coating incorporated with grape seed oil on glazed shrimp
Authors: Baygar Tuba , Metin Hacisa Cansu , Baygar Taçnur , Alparslan Yunus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study was conducted to investigate the quality and shelf life of shrimps (Parapenaeus longirostris, Lucas 1846) glazed with biodegradable gelatin solutions combined with grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seed oil (GSO). Therefore, shrimps were divided into five groups and were glazed with distilled water (control), G (gelatin), G + 5% GSO (gelatin with 5% GSO), G + 10% GSO (gelatin with 10% GSO) and G + 15% GSO (gelatin with 15% GSO). Glazed shrimps were vacuum packaged and stored at −18 °C for 12 months. Proximate composition of the shrimps was determined, and the microbial (total viable counts, psychrotrophic bacteria count and Enterobacteriaceae), sensorial, chemical (residual sulfite, pH, total volatile basic nitrogen, trimethylamine nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) analysis, colour measurement, and melanosis formation were evaluated throughout the storage period.RESULTSAccording to the analysis results, edible G + GSO coatings improved the meat quality and the brightness of the shrimps. The combined treatment reduced the quality loss of the shrimps which was caused by lipid content and prevented the total psychotropic bacteria growth throughout the storage. Moreover, glazing with G + GSO retarded the melanosis formation of the frozen shrimps.CONCLUSIONThe study results revealed that GSO may be a recommended alternatively to sodium metabisulfite, which is a hazardous chemical substance commonly used against melanosis of shrimps. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Investigation of phytotoxicity and defense responses in pepper exposed to molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles by multi‐omics and phenotypic analyses
Authors: Li Xiaokang , Yan Yan , Meng Chongchong , Zhang Sibo , Hu Xiangang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide nanoparticles (MoS2NPs) have attracted considerable attention in the fields of environmental protection and agricultural production. Understanding the potential crop risk (especially in edible parts) incurred by MoS2NPs and the corresponding plant defense against toxicity is a prerequisite for assessing human dietary safety and improving the safe‐by design of such NPs; however, relevant information remains largely unknown. This study examines the toxicity of MoS2NPs to edible vegetable crops of pepper and their corresponding defense mechanisms. Our findings revealed that exposure to MoS2NPs triggered the defense in pepper via reducing transpiration rates in leaves by 36.5%–54.8% and via increasing catalase activity, mineral elements, and gibberellic acid in fruit by 10.7%–32.4%, 0.2%–92.8%, and 28.0%–72.4%, respectively. The defensive response to MoS2NPs stress was also reflected in the elevated amino acid metabolism (e.g., arginine and proline metabolism in leaves, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism in fruits), and in the regulation of the oxidation–reduction process proteins in fruits (e.g., increased acyl‐coenzyme A oxidase and cytochrome P450, decreased NADH–ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain and cytokinin dehydrogenase). However, oxidative stress in pepper fruits (e.g., increased H2O2 and malondialdehyde, ultrastructural damage, reduced biomass) was still induced by MoS2NPs, suggesting an unbalance between defense systems and abiotic stress. This study provides valuable insights into the impacts of MoS2NPs on edible parts of crops and helps to assess their ecological risk.
Laser surface textures enhance the friction and wear behaviour of orthodontic brackets
Authors: Zhou Kai , Pan Zonglin , Luo Xin , Yang Ping , Wang Pengfei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMinimising the friction force of the archwire‐bracket sliding contact is crucial for achieving a high‐quality orthodontic treatment. Micro‐dimples and micro‐grooves textures were successfully produced on the two slot surfaces of the stainless steel orthodontic brackets with the laser surface texturing technology. The effect of surface texture on reducing the friction and wear behaviour of the stainless steel archwire‐bracket sliding contact combinations in artificial saliva environment was investigated. Friction coefficients of less than 0.15 and mild wear were obtained by using the three rows micro‐grooves textured bracket with a width of 60 μm and a spacing of 150 μm. The friction and wear performance was further enhanced with the addition of orthodontic wax materials. It was strongly argued that the synergetic effects of the fabricated micro‐grooves texture and the added orthodontic wax materials leading to the outstanding friction and wear behaviour of the archwire‐bracket sliding contacts.
Recent advances and key challenges of the emerging MBenes from synthesis to applications
Authors: Guo Zhuobin , Zhang Liangzhu , Azam Tasmia , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) transition metal borides (MBenes) as an analog to 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) have been considered promising platform materials for exploring their physical and chemical properties, due to their tunable composition, excellent stability, and good conductivity. Lots of theoretical studies have predicted possible mechanical, magnetic, and catalytic properties of MBenes, which inspired their research in energy storage and conversion applications. However, a detailed review focusing on the synthesis of high‐quality MBene nanosheets and their energy‐related applications is not available. In this review, MBene with different structures and the latest developments in synthesizing high‐quality MBene nanosheets from top‐down exfoliation and down‐top chemical vapor deposition are first summarized. Then, the basic properties of MBene are investigated, including mechanical properties, metallicity, and magnetism. Next, their key applications such as hydrogen production, ammonia production, and energy storage are elaborately discussed. Finally, the future perspectives and key challenges of MBenes's synthesis and applications are briefly provided.
A novel 11 base pair deletion in KMT2C resulting in Kleefstra syndrome 2
Authors: Whitford Whitney , Taylor Juliet , Hayes Ian , Smith Warwick , Snell Russell G. , Lehnert Klaus , Jacobsen Jessie C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHaploinsufficiency of the Lysine Methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) gene results in the autosomal dominant disorder, Kleefstra syndrome 2. It is an extremely rare neurodevelopmental condition, with 14 previous reports describing varied clinical manifestations including dysmorphic features, delayed psychomotor development and delayed growth.MethodsHere, we describe a female with global developmental delay, attention deficit disorder, dyspraxia, short stature and subtle non‐specific dysmorphic features. To identify causative mutations, whole exome sequencing was performed on the proband and her younger brother with discrete clinical presentation.ResultsWhole exome sequencing identified a novel de novo heterozygous 11 bp deletion in KMT2C (c.1759_1769del), resulting in a frameshift mutation and early termination of the protein (p.Gln587SerfsTer7). This variant is the second‐most N‐terminal reported mutation, located 4171 amino acids upstream of the critical enzymatically active SET domain (required for chromatin modification and histone methylation).ConclusionThe majority of the other reported mutations are frameshift mutations upstream of the SET domain and are predicted to result in protein truncation. It is thought that truncation of the SET domain, results functionally in an inability to modify chromatin through histone methylation. This report expands the clinical and genetic characterisation of Kleefstra syndrome 2.
Multiscale Monte Carlo simulations for dosimetry in x‐ray breast imaging: Part II ‐ Microscopic scales
Authors: Massera Rodrigo T. , Tomal Alessandra , Thomson Rowan M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the benefits of breast screening and early diagnosis are known for reducing breast cancer mortality rates, the effects and risks of low radiation doses to the cells in the breast are still ongoing topics of study.PurposeTo study specific energy distributions () in cytoplasm and nuclei of cells corresponding to glandular tissue for different x‐ray breast imaging modalities.MethodsA cubic lattice (500 μm length side) containing 4064 spherical cells was irradiated with photons loaded from phase space files with varying glandular voxel doses (). Specific energy distributions were scored for nucleus and cytoplasm compartments using the PENELOPE (v. 2018) + penEasy (v. 2020) Monte Carlo (MC) code. The phase space files, generated in part I of this work, were obtained from MC simulations in a voxelized anthropomorphic phantom corresponding to glandular voxels for different breast imaging modalities, including digital mammography (DM), digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), contrast enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) and breast CT (BCT).ResultsIn general, the average specific energy in nuclei is higher than the respective glandular dose scored in the same region, by up to 10%. The specific energy distributions for nucleus and cytoplasm are directly related to the magnitude of the glandular dose in the voxel (), with little dependence on the spatial location. For similar values, for nuclei is different between DM/DBT and CEDM/BCT, indicating that distinct x‐ray spectra play significant roles in . In addition, this behavior is also present when the specific energy distribution () is considered taking into account the GDD in the breast.ConclusionsMicrodosimetry studies are complementary to the traditional macroscopic breast dosimetry based on the mean glandular dose (MGD). For the same MGD, the specific energy distribution in glandular tissue varies between breast imaging modalities, indicating that this effect could be considered for studying the risks of exposing the breast to ionizing radiation.
Mechanical, Rheological, and Heat Seal Properties of 1‐Octene Grafted Low Density Polyethylene Films
Authors: Salmani Fatemeh , Shemshadi Rasoul , Moghaddampour Issa Mousazadeh , Ahmadi Shervin , Naderi Ghasem , Sahraeian Razi , Paran Seyed Mohamad Reza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHeat seal and mechanical properties of 1‐octene grafted low density polyethylene films containing various concentrations of Dicumyl peroxide as the initiator and 1‐octene grafting agent is investigated through using experimental measurements. The results of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurements revealed that the melting temperature shifts to higher values and the peak of the DSC curve becomes wider with the increase of 1‐octene concentrations. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed a higher thermal stability up to 20 °C for 1‐octene grafted PE compared with neat LDPE alloy. The results of stress–strain measurements revealed that the 1‐octene grafted PE alloys has higher tensile strength in comparison with neat PE alloy and samples containing only DCP initiator. The results of heat seal analysis indicated that both DCP initiator and 1‐octene tended to offer a moderate increase peel strength of PE alloy. DMTA measurements for various grafted PE alloys show a higher damping factor in comparison with neat LDPE alloy. Rheological measurements indicated a higher storage modulus up to 25% and higher complex viscosity for grafted PE samples containing 1‐octene comonomer.
Quantification of whole‐organ individual and bilateral renal metabolic rate of oxygen
Authors: Deshpande Rajiv S. , Langham Michael C. , Lee Hyunyeol , Kamona Nada , Wehrli Felix W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeRenal metabolic rate of oxygen (rMRO2) is a potentially important biomarker of kidney function. The key parameters for rMRO2 quantification include blood flow rate (BFR) and venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) in a draining vessel. Previous approaches to quantify renal metabolism have focused on the single organ. Here, both kidneys are considered as one unit to quantify bilateral rMRO2. A pulse sequence to facilitate bilateral rMRO2 quantification is introduced.MethodsTo quantify bilateral rMRO2, measurements of BFR and SvO2 are made along the inferior vena cava (IVC) at suprarenal and infrarenal locations. From the continuity equation, these four parameters can be related to derive an expression for bilateral rMRO2. The recently reported K‐MOTIVE pulse sequence was implemented at four locations: left kidney, right kidney, suprarenal IVC, and infrarenal IVC. A dual‐band variant of K‐MOTIVE (db‐K‐MOTIVE) was developed by incorporating simultaneous‐multi‐slice imaging principles. The sequence simultaneously measures BFR and SvO2 at suprarenal and infrarenal locations in a single pass of 21 s, yielding bilateral rMRO2.ResultsSvO2 and BFR are higher in suprarenal versus infrarenal IVC, and the renal veins are highly oxygenated (SvO2 >90%). Bilateral rMRO2 quantified in 10 healthy subjects (8 M, 30 ± 8 y) was found to be 291 ± 247 and 349 ± 300 (μmolO2/min)/100 g, derived from K‐MOTIVE and db‐K‐MOTIVE, respectively. In comparison, total rMRO2 from combining left and right was 329 ± 273 (μmolO2/min)/100 g.ConclusionThe present work demonstrates that bilateral rMRO2 quantification is feasible with fair reproducibility and physiological plausibility. The indirect method is a promising approach to compute bilateral rMRO2 when individual rMRO2 quantification is difficult.
PELOTA and HBS1 suppress co‐translational messenger RNA decay in Arabidopsis
Authors: Guo Rong , Gregory Brian D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVarious messenger RNA (mRNA) decay mechanisms play major roles in controlling mRNA quality and quantity in eukaryotic organisms under different conditions. While it is known that the recently discovered co‐translational mRNA decay (CTRD), the mechanism that allows mRNAs to be degraded while still being actively translated, is prevalent in yeast, humans, and various angiosperms, the regulation of this decay mechanism is less well studied. Moreover, it is still unclear whether this decay mechanism plays any role in the regulation of specific physiological processes in eukaryotes. Here, by re‐analyzing the publicly available polysome profiling or ribosome footprinting and degradome sequencing datasets, we discovered that highly translated mRNAs tend to have lower co‐translational decay levels. Based on this finding, we then identified Pelota and Hbs1, the translation‐related ribosome rescue factors, as suppressors of co‐translational mRNA decay in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, we found that Pelota and Hbs1 null mutants have lower germination rates compared to the wild‐type plants, implying that proper regulation of co‐translational mRNA decay is essential for normal developmental processes. In total, our study provides further insights into the regulation of CTRD in Arabidopsis and demonstrates that this decay mechanism does play important roles in Arabidopsis physiological processes.
Structural and functional validation of a highly specific Smurf2 inhibitor
Authors: Tessier Tanner M. , Chowdhury Arvid , Stekel Zane , Fux Julia , Sartori Maria Augusta , Teyra Joan , Jarvik Nick , Chung Jacky , Kurinov Igor , Sicheri Frank , Sidhu Sachdev S. , Singer Alex U. , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSmurf1 and Smurf2 are two closely related member of the HECT (homologous to E6AP carboxy terminus) E3 ubiquitin ligase family and play important roles in the regulation of various cellular processes. Both were initially identified to regulate transforming growth factor‐β and bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathways through regulating Smad protein stability and are now implicated in various pathological processes. Generally, E3 ligases, of which over 800 exist in humans, are ideal targets for inhibition as they determine substrate specificity; however, there are few inhibitors with the ability to precisely target a particular E3 ligase of interest. In this work, we explored a panel of ubiquitin variants (UbVs) that were previously identified to bind Smurf1 or Smurf2. In vitro binding and ubiquitination assays identified a highly specific Smurf2 inhibitor, UbV S2.4, which was able to inhibit ligase activity with high potency in the low nanomolar range. Orthologous cellular assays further demonstrated high specificity of UbV S2.4 toward Smurf2 and no cross‐reactivity toward Smurf1. Structural analysis of UbV S2.4 in complex with Smurf2 revealed its mechanism of inhibition was through targeting the E2 binding site. In summary, we investigated several protein‐based inhibitors of Smurf1 and Smurf2 and identified a highly specific Smurf2 inhibitor that disrupts the E2–E3 protein interaction interface.
The role of lysine acetylation in the function of mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12
Authors: Paluch Katelynn V. , Platz Karlie R. , Rudisel Emma J. , Erdmann Ryan R. , Laurin Taylor R. , Dittenhafer‐Reed Kristin E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMitochondria play a central role in energy production and cellular metabolism. Mitochondria contain their own small genome (mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA) that carries the genetic instructions for proteins required for ATP synthesis. The mitochondrial proteome, including the mitochondrial transcriptional machinery, is subject to post‐translational modifications (PTMs), including acetylation and phosphorylation. We set out to determine whether PTMs of proteins associated with mtDNA may provide a potential mechanism for the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression. Here, we focus on mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12 (MRPL12), which is thought to stabilize mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) and promote transcription. Numerous acetylation sites of MRPL12 were identified by mass spectrometry. We employed amino acid mimics of the acetylated (lysine to glutamine mutants) and deacetylated (lysine to arginine mutants) versions of MRPL12 to interrogate the role of lysine acetylation in transcription initiation in vitro and mitochondrial gene expression in HeLa cells. MRPL12 acetyl and deacetyl protein mimics were purified and assessed for their ability to impact mtDNA promoter binding of POLRMT. We analyzed mtDNA content and mitochondrial transcript levels in HeLa cells upon overexpression of acetyl and deacetyl mimics of MRPL12. Our results suggest that MRPL12 single‐site acetyl mimics do not change the mtDNA promoter binding ability of POLRMT or mtDNA content in HeLa cells. Individual acetyl mimics may have modest effects on mitochondrial transcript levels. We found that the mitochondrial deacetylase, Sirtuin 3, is capable of deacetylating MRPL12 in vitro, suggesting a potential role for dynamic acetylation controlling MRPL12 function in a role outside of the regulation of gene expression.
Adaptive changes in pheromone production and release under rearing conditions in stink bugs
Authors: Xu Hao , Hu Tingxia , Li Xingpeng , Song Liwen , Yang Shaohang , Meng Ling , Turlings Ted C J , Li Baoping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDHealthy cultures of arthropods are important for pest management programs (e.g. biocontrol). Little is known about how rearing conditions may affect pheromonal interactions. We investigated how rearing histories and densities affect pheromone emission/production in two stink bug species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), the predatory bug Arma custos, a biocontrol agent, and the bean bug Riptortus pedestris, a pest on legume crops.RESULTSNymphs from newly established laboratory colonies of both species produced higher amounts of the defense (dispersal) compound, 4‐oxo‐(E)‐hexenal (OHE), in the presence of conspecific nymphs. Also, when two or more A. custos males were placed together, the dorsal abdominal glands (DAGs) ceased to release aggregation pheromone, whereas the metathoracic glands (MTGs) increased the emission of defensive odors. These changes resulted from exposure to conspecific pheromone odors, as confirmed by exposing bugs to pheromone standards. Hence, pheromone emissions in these stink bugs are readily changed in response to the odors of conspecifics, which may become a problem after long‐term rearing. Indeed, an old laboratory colony of A. custos (~30 generations) exhibited less‐developed DAGs and reduced pheromone production. Instead, males released significantly more defensive odors from the enlarged MTGs. Furthermore, long‐term rearing conditions appeared to favor nymphs that were able to share space with conspecifics by releasing less OHE, which has not yet occurred in the new laboratory colonies.CONCLUSIONRearing density affects pheromone release in newly established laboratory colonies of stink bug species, whereas long‐term rearing results in new pheromonal compositions coinciding with adaptive changes in gland development. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.