bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Seasonal Precipitation Forecasts Using Quantiles of Ensemble Forecasts
Authors: Jin Huidong , Mahani Mona E. , Li Ming , Shao Quanxi , Crimp Steven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Seasonal precipitation forecasting is vital for weather-sensitive sectors. Global Circulation Models (GCM) routinely produce ensemble Seasonal Climate Forecasts (SCFs) but suffer from issues like low forecast resolution and skills. To address these issues in this study, we introduce a post-processing method, Quantile Ensemble Bayesian Model Averaging (QEBMA). It utilises quantiles from a GCM ensemble forecast to create a pseudo-ensemble forecast. Through their reasonable linear relationships with observations, each pseudo-member connects a hurdle distribution with a point mass at zero for dry months and a gamma distribution for wet months. These distributions are mixed to construct a forecast probability distribution with their weights, proportional to the quantiles’ historical forecast performance. QEBMA is applied to three GCMs, including GloSea5 from the United Kingdom, ECMWF from Europe and ACCESS-S1 from Australia, for monthly precipitation forecasts in 32 locations across four climate zones in Australia. Leave-one-month-out cross-validation results illustrate that QEBMA enhances forecast skills compared to raw GCMs and other post-processing techniques, including quantile mapping and Extended Copula Post-Processing (ECPP), for forecast lead time of 0 to 2 months, based on five metrics. The skill improvements by QEBMA are often statistically significant, especially compared to raw GCM forecasts. Among these post-processing models, only QEBMA consistently outperforms the SCF benchmark climatology, offering a promising alternative for improving seasonal precipitation forecasts.
WLP3 Encodes the Ribosomal Protein L18 and Regulates Chloroplast Development in Rice
Authors: Lu Tao , Yin Wenjin , Zhang Yinuo , Zhu Chaoyu , Zhong Qianqian , Li Sanfeng , Wang Nuo , Chen Zhengai , Ye Hanfei , Fang Yuan , Mu Dan , Wang Yuexing , Rao Yuchun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Plastid ribosomal proteins play a crucial role in the growth and development of plants, predominantly in key gene translation and expression within chloroplasts. While some information is known about the regulatory processes of plastid ribosomal proteins in many plant species, there is limited knowledge about the underlying mechanisms in rice. In this study, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis was used to induce a new mutant called wlp3 (white leaf and panicle3), characterized by white or albino leaves and panicle, exhibiting this phenotype from the second-leaf stage until tillering. Furthermore, the newly emerging leaves developed the same phenotype as the ZH11 rice variety after a certain period, while the albino leaves of wlp3 displayed incomplete chloroplast structure and significantly low chlorophyll content. A transition mutation (T to C) at position 380 was identified in the coding region of the LOC_Os03g61260 gene, resulting in the substitution of isoleucine with threonine during translation. WLP3 encodes the ribosomal L18 subunit, which is localized in the chloroplast. Complementation experiments confirmed that LOC_Os03g61260 was responsible for the albino phenotype in rice. During the seedling stage, wlp3 expression was higher in leaves and panicles. Compared to the wild-type (WT), wlp3 exhibited reduced chlorophyll synthesis and significantly decreased expression levels of genes associated with plastid development. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analysis demonstrated that WLP3 interacts with other ribosomal subunits, thereby influencing chloroplast development. These findings contribute to a further understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of chloroplast development and plastid gene translation.
Performance Analysis of Supersonic Combustion Chamber using Planar-Shaped Strut Injector
Authors: Roga Sukanta 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Significant researches have been enthusiastic throughout the last centuries for supersonic and hypersonic flight conditions for enabling flights many times faster than sound. This current work presents the performance analysis of supersonic combustor interface and flow construction through a scramjet engine with a Planar-shaped strut injector (PSSI) at the supersonic Mach. An important aspect of this study is the discovery of the fuel mixing mechanism inside the combustion chamber with PSSI. Mixing and combustion performance can be enhanced by the novel PSSI configuration. The scramjet configuration is incorporated with the supersonic inlet air temperature of 1250 K, where the vitiated air follows at Mach 3, and this technique is based on a high accelerating effect of scramjet propulsion mechanism. Scramjet engines can maintain a naturalistic high enthalpy conditions in minimum durations. It is observed that the maximum temperature of 3510 K is attained at the recirculating zones that are produced because of undulation enlargement and therefore the fuel jet losses concentration whereas the maximum combustion efficiency of 86% is investigated from the current research work.
A Survey on IoT Application Layer Protocols, Security Challenges, and the Role of Explainable AI in IoT (XAIoT)
Authors: Quincozes Vagner , Quincozes Silvio , Kazienko Juliano , Gama Simone , Cheikhrouhou Omar , Koubaa Anis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a fundamental role in contemporary society, necessitating an in-depth comprehension of its application layer protocols, intertwined technologies, security issues, and effective countermeasures. This survey delivers an exhaustive analysis of these protocols, emphasizing the escalating significance of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in IoT (XAIoT). To elucidate its practical implications, we conducted a case study examining a real-world scenario where XAIoT significantly bolstered IoT security. This case study demonstrated XAIoT's potential to enhance transparency and trustworthiness in IoT systems. Furthermore, the survey critically evaluates existing literature, pinpointing specific opportunities and gaps in the present state of IoT application layer security. For instance, our analysis revealed a pressing need for more robust security protocols and the integration of advanced machine learning techniques for anomaly detection in IoT applications. This survey, designed to provide a comprehensive perspective, seeks to stimulate additional innovation and research in the realm of secure and intelligent IoT applications. In doing so, it contributes to the ongoing dialogue on improving IoT security, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners alike.
Assessing Developmental Delays in Early Childhood: Insights from Iranian Children Using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III)
Authors: Karimi Mehran , Emarati Alireza , Nafei Zahra , Shamsi Farimah , Mazar Niloofar Gashty , Akbarian Elahe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Developmental delay in early childhood is a significant concern with multifaceted causes and implications. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III) is widely used for developmental assessment but remains understudied in Iranian children.
Methods
This cross-sectional study assessed 707 Iranian children aged 1 to 42 months in Yazd, Iran, using the BSID-III. We hypothesized differences in BSID-III scores compared to normative samples, considering age, gender, and parental education. Data were collected from two health centers in Yazd, with trained examiners following standardized procedures. Parental education was analyzed for its impact on developmental outcomes. Comparisons between BSID-III scores and Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) outcomes provided additional insights.
Results
Iranian children exhibited varying rates of developmental disorders across cognitive, language, and motor domains, influenced by parental education (higher parental education correlated with a reduced occurrence of developmental disorders). For instance, in the cognitive domain, 15.8% of children demonstrated developmental disorders. The language scale exhibited varying rates: 20.1% for perceptual communication and 18.4% for expressive communication. Furthermore, the BSID-III and ASQ results demonstrated discordances, highlighting the complexities of assessment.
Conclusions
This study contributes to the knowledge of developmental assessment in Iranian early childhood. It emphasizes the importance of culturally sensitive adaptations of assessment tools and the role of parental education in shaping developmental outcomes. Future research should incorporate diverse, longitudinal samples for enhanced understanding. Ultimately, this study aims to inform clinical practices, policy development, and early intervention programs, committed to fostering optimal development for all children, irrespective of their backgrounds.
Diagnostic value of routine blood tests in differentiating between SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, and RSV infections in hospitalized children: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Huang Longli , Ye Cuiying , Zhou Renxi , Ji Zexuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections have similar modes of transmission and clinical symptoms. There is a need to identify simple diagnostic indicators to distinguish these three infections, particularly for community hospitals and low- and middle-income countries that lack nucleic acid detection kits. This study used clinical data to assess the diagnostic value of routine blood tests in differentiating between SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, and RSV infections in children.
Methods:
A total of 1420 children treated at the Hangzhou Children's Hospital between December 2022 and June 2023 were enrolled in this study, of whom 351 had SARS-CoV-2, 671 had influenza, and 398 had RSV. In addition, 243 healthy children were also collected. The blood test results of SARS-CoV-2 patients were compared to those of patients with influenza A and RSV and the healthy controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) was employed to evaluate each blood parameter's diagnostic value.
Results:
Children with SARS-CoV-2 exhibited notably elevated levels of white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet (PLT) count, neutrophil count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) compared to influenza A patients (P < 0.05). In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 patients exhibited a decrease in the mean platelet volume to platelet count ratio (MPV/PLT) and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) when compared to other individuals (P < 0.05). These parameters had an AUC between 0.5 and 0.7. Compared to patients with RSV, SARS-CoV-2 patients had significantly higher MPV/PLT and significantly lower WBC, lymphocyte, PLT, LMR, and lymphocyte multiplied by platelet (LYM*PLT) values (P < 0.05). However, only LYM*PLT had an acceptable diagnostic value above 0.7 for all age groups. Compared to healthy children, children with COVID-19 exhibited elevated NLR and MPV/PLT levels, alongside decreased lymphocyte, PLT, LMR, and LYM*PLT values. (P < 0.05). The AUC of the LMR, LYM*PLT, and PLT were above 0.7 in all age groups, indicating promising diagnostic values.
Conclusions:
The routine blood parameters among patients with COVID-19, influenza A, and RSV differ significantly early in the disease and could be used by clinicians to discriminate between the 3 types of infection.
A Comparative Analysis of Local Binary Pattern(LBP) Variants for Image Tamper Detection
Authors: . Suresh , Kaur Mandeep 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The proliferation of image tampering in the digital age poses a significant challenge to the authenticity and integrity of visual content. This study presents an approach for detecting image tampering using the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) techniques in conjunction with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). LBP is a powerful image texture descriptor. The LBP method is employed to extract robust and discriminative features by capturing local texture and intensity patterns from tampered images. These features are then input into a CNN architecture, which is trained using 5-fold cross-validation to ensure generalization and prevent overfitting. A comprehensive benchmark image dataset CASIA-2.0 comprising of 7,541 authentic and 5,124 tampered images is utilized to evaluate the proposed method, and performance evaluation metrics, including accuracy, and confusion matrix, are employed to assess the effectiveness of the system. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach over existing state-of-the-art methods, achieving high accuracy in detecting image tampering. A comparative analysis of four types of LBP variants is presented in this work. With circular LBP, Rotation-Invariant LBP, Default, and Uniform LBP we achieved an accuracy of 68%, 72%, 84%, and 96% respectively. This research has significant implications in various domains, including forensic investigations, journalism, and image integrity verification, as it addresses the challenges posed by image tampering, enhancing trust and confidence in digital visual content by ensuring its authenticity and reliability.
miR-455-3p in peripheral blood is a potentially superior diagnostic marker for prostate cancer to PSA
Authors: Cen Yi , Xu Yuyu , Zhang Churuo , Lin Xiangjin , Ye Xuan , Zha Zeyu , Zhu Guangbin , Wang Haiyan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is commonly used as a biomarker to diagnose and predict the course of prostate cancer (PCa). However, PSA detection is susceptible to changes in the physiologic environment, which may lead to some misdiagnosis. Thus, it is crucial to find a novel diagnostic marker.
Methods
GEO2R platform was used to screen for a target miRNA in two GEO datasets (GSE206793 and GSE112264). Correlation between target miRNA and clinical features of PCa was further analyzed and ROC analysis was performed. Next, qRT-PCR was used to assay the target miRNA expression in human peripheral blood samples and validated with GSE206793 dataset. Finally, miRWalk website was used to predict the downstream genes of the target miRNA. STRING website was used to construct a PPI network and perform KEGG pathway analysis.
Results
Serum miR-455-3p was highly expressed in PC patients and was associated with high Gleason score, independent of tumor stage, age and PSA. miR-455-3p had favorable diagnostic efficacy (AUC > 0.8) and lower misdiagnosis rate compared to PSA. PPP2R2A, ITGB1 and CDKN1A were key targets of miR-455-3p enriched in various cancers, biological processes and molecular signals.
Conclusion
miR-455-3p can be used as a novel diagnostic marker for PCa, with potentially superior diagnostic efficacy to PSA.
Low Ankle-GO score while returning to sport after lateral ankle sprain leads to a 9-fold increased risk of recurrence: a two-year prospective cohort study.
Authors: Picot Brice , Fourchet François , Lopes Ronny , Rauline Gauthier , Freiha Kinan , D'hooghe Pieter , Valentin Eugénie , Hardy Alexandre 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lateral ankle sprain is the most common sports injury, leading to a high rate of recurrence and the development of chronic ankle instability. One possible explanation is the lack of objective, evidence-based criteria to inform return to sport decisions following LAS. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the efficacy of a new functional score to distinguish patients at risk of recurrent LAS within two years after the initial injury.
METHODS: The Ankle-GO score was used in 64 active patients two months after LAS. This composite score includes 2 self-reported questionnaires and 4 functional tests, for a maximum score of 25 points. The rate of reinjury was prospectively recorded 2 years after inclusion. Potential predictive variables for reinjury were tested using the Chi-square test and the independent t-test. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) with the optimal cut-off score was determined to assess the predictive value of the Ankle-GO score for the risk of reinjury. Multivariate logistic regression was then used to determine the influence of risk factors of reinjury.
RESULTS: Fifty-four (85%) patients were included (23 men and 31 women, 34.7±13 years old) including 18 (33.3%) with a reinjury. The two-month Ankle-GO score was lower in patients with a recurrent LAS (5.4±2.8 points vs 9.1±4.5, p=0.002) and predicted the risk of reinjury (AUC=0.75). Patients with < 8 points were found to have a significantly higher risk of reinjury (OR=8.6; 95%CI: 2-37.2, p=0.001). Women also tend to have a higher risk of reinjury (OR=3.8; 95%CI: 0.9-15.5, p=0.065).
CONCLUSION: The Ankle-GO score is a new objective criterion for RTS after LAS. Patients with a poor score have a 9-fold greater risk of recurrence within two years.
Research on depth measurement calibration of light field camera based on Gaussian fitting
Authors: Yang Miao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Optical field imaging technology does not require a complicated optical path layout and thus reduces hardware costs. Given that only one single exposure of a single camera can obtain three-dimensional information, this paper proposes an improved calibration method for depth measurement based on the theoretical model of optical field imaging. Specifically, the calibration time can be reduced since the Gaussian fitting can reduce the number of refocused images used to obtain the optimal refocusing coefficient calibration. Moreover, the proposed method achieves the same effect as the multiple refocusing calibration strategy but requires less image processing time during calibration. At the same time, this method's depth resolution is analyzed in detail.
Early Surgical Outcome of Esophagectomy Performed for Carcinoma Esophagus after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy – a single center experience from Sub Himalayan region
Authors: Mukherjee Chiranjit , Nandi Sourabh , Arora Anshika , Saini Sunil , Gupta Meenu , Sundram Shivangi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Esophageal cancer poses a significant global health burden, characterized by high aggressiveness and mortality rates. Despite a decline in overall incidence, certain regions exhibit a rise of adenocarcinoma incidence. At present multimodality approach with neoadjuvant treatment (Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy or both) followed by surgery with or without adjuvant treatment is standard of care, although there is no standard protocol. This retrospective, conducted at a tertiary center in the Himalayan region, explores the outcomes of esophageal and gastroesophageal junctional cancer patients undergoing surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Among 106 patients, 87 received preoperative chemotherapy, with demographic data revealing a male predominance and prevalent squamous cell carcinoma histology. Neoadjuvant therapy mainly comprised taxane-platinum regimens, with subsequent surgical procedures predominantly Ivor Lewis or McKeown esophagectomies. 30-day morbidity and mortality were observed in 35.29% of cases, with nonsurgical complications, particularly respiratory issues, being the most common. Our study reported a complete pathological response in 12.5% cases and an R0 resection rate exceeding 93%. While acknowledging the study’s retrospective and non-randomized nature, these findings suggest that neoadjuvant chemotherapy facilitates safe esophageal cancer surgeries specifically in undernourished patients.
Mathematical conditions for quantum mechanics postulates to be deduced from a local superdeterministic theory
Authors: Tardella Armand 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In an attempt to provide a novel approach to foundations of quantum mechanics, we have built a scheme of superdeterministic theories, where reality is governed by a classical nonlinear field equation. We show that under certain mathematical conditions that we have identified and that we substantiate in terms of algebra and invariance, the postulates of quantum mechanics can be deduced from them. Specifically, we show that these conditions essentially express properties of the structure of the invariance group of the nonlinear field equation, and we argue that there is no a priori reason why they cannot be satisfied. If these conditions were satisfied, quantum mechanics would acquire the status of a mathematical method for predicting what is predictable in an essentially chaotic world, a paradigm that would have many concrete consequences in physics.
PACS Numbers : 03.65.Ud
Conjectures concerning the explanation of recurrent patterns in COVID-19 spread dynamics based on time-variant networks.
Authors: Krall Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper discusses conjectures concerning patterns in virus spread observed in the Covid-19 event, including fluctuations of activity under constant environmental conditions, plateaus of near-constant activity, and rapid wild-type replacement at rather low levels of population immunity. Based on models of time-variant networks, it is shown that the patterns can be explained if spread dynamics result from superposition of three components: Continuous activity in reservoirs with limited fluctuation where fluctuation of group members allows transmissions from active cases to new arrivals before the active cases leave or reach the end of the contagious period. Hospitals are the obvious candidates for these reservoirs. The second component is propagation within stable groups, such as families, office staff, or religious groups. In addition, there are outbursts in temporary groups. The second and third components multiply case numbers but, due to strong segmentation of the population, do not support self-sustained spread which would allow the previous wild-type to coexist with a mutant strain until population immunity gets too high.
Piecewise Linear Continuation: Derivative-free Manifold Generation
Authors: Henderson Michael E , Melville Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We describe the Piecewise Linear Continuation algorithm Allgower and Georg (2000) for finding solutions of a set of nonlinear equations that depend on k parameters Allgower and Schmidt (1985). Unlike predictor–corrector continuation, the algorithm does not require the derivatives of the system; so is perfectly suited for applications like controlling experimental apparatus or extending the capability of legacy codes.
While the algorithm is not new, we describe it here with an emphasis on implementation rather than its mathematical formulation. In addition, we present a new result that relates the face-checking step to one step of Newton’s Method, and show how it can be used to refine the solution. The presentation is motivated with a hardware continuation, where the algorithm is used to control an experimental apparatus and traces the I-V characteristic. A reference implementation in C and C++ Melville (2023) has been provided, and its use to solve two example problems is described here.