bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FPGA-based CCD signal acquisition and transmission system design
Authors: Peng Xuxiang , Tang Yun , Li Jingfeng , Zou Penghui , Liao Ping , Yan Jiatao , Shen Meng , Zhou Ling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn order to facilitate the analysis and processing of optical signals, an FPGA-based CCD signal acquisition and data transmission system is designed in this work. The system uses an FPGA as the main control device, the TCD1304DG/AP chip as the optical signal detector, and the CYUSB3KIT-003 development board product by Cypress for data transmission. Verilog and Python languages are employed for modular design and on-board verification. Through the coordination of each module, the system successfully achieves CCD signal data acquisition and transmission.
Dieback and dredge soils of Phragmites australis in the Mississippi River Delta negatively impact plant biomass
Authors: Lee Herie , Diaz Rodrigo , Cronin James T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhragmites australis is exhibiting extensive dieback in the Lower Mississippi River Delta (MRD). We explored the potential for restoration of these marshes by (1) characterizing the chemical profiles of soils collected from healthy and dieback stands of P. australis and from sites recently created from dredge-disposal soils that were expected to be colonized by P. australis and (2) experimentally testing the effects of these soil types on the growth of three common P. australis lineages, Delta, Gulf and European. Soil chemical properties included Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Zn, % organic matter, % carbon, % nitrogen, and pH. Dieback soils were characterized by higher % organic matter, % carbon, % nitrogen, and higher S and Fe concentrations, whereas healthy soils had higher Cu, Al, P and Zn. In comparison, dredge sites were low in nutrients and organic matter compared to healthy soils. Rhizomes of each P. australis lineage were planted in each soil type in a common garden and greenhouse and allowed to grow for five months. Aboveground biomass was 16% lower in dieback and 44% lower in dredge soils than in healthy soils. However, we could detect no significant differences in response to soil types among lineages. Although dredge and dieback sites are not optimal for P. australis growth, plants can thrive on these soils, and we recommend restorative measures be initiated as soon as possible to minimize soil erosion.
Wound healing and photoprotection properties of Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl. extracts standardized in verbascoside
Authors: Kanlayavattanakul Mayuree , Khongkow Mattaka , Lourith Nattaya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAcanthus spp. have been documented in traditional Thai herbal medicine and are applicable for the treatment of inflamed skin with wound healing property. Nonetheless, the scientific evidence necessary to prove the herb’s doctrine has not yet been revealed. Verbascoside-rich extracts of the herbal medicine A. ebracteatus Vahl., were therefore prepared. The extracts and verbascoside were examined for their wound healing abilities using a scratch assay with fibroblasts. The anti-inflammatory effect suppressing MMP-9 was assessed in cocultures of keratinocyte (HaCaT cells) and fibroblasts. The extracts significantly improved wound healing compared with the control (p < 0.001). The wound healing effect of the extracts significantly (p < 0.01) increased with increasing verbascoside content. It should be noted that the extract was significantly (p < 0.05) better than verbascoside at the same test concentration. The extracts were capable of protecting cocultures of HaCaT cells and fibroblasts from photodamage. The extracts significantly (p < 0.001) suppressed cellular MMP-9 secretion following UV exposure, showing a better effect than that of verbascoside (p < 0.01). A. ebracteatus extract is promising for wound healing and photoprotection, and a prominent source of verbascoside. Verbascoside-rich A. ebracteatus could be utilized for the development of innovative skin-care products.
Monitoring to detect changes in water quality to meet policy objectives
Authors: McDowell R. W. , Noble A. , Kittridge M. , Ausseil O. , Doscher C. , Hamilton D. P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDetecting change in water quality is key to providing evidence of progress towards meeting water quality objectives. A key measure for detecting change is statistical power. Here we calculate statistical power for all regularly (monthly) monitored streams in New Zealand to test the effectiveness of monitoring for policy that aims to decrease contaminant (phosphorus and nitrogen species, E. coli and visual clarity) concentrations to threshold levels in 5 or 20 years. While > 95% of all monitored sites had sufficient power and samples to detect change in nutrients and clarity over 20 years, on average, sampling frequency would have to double to detect changes in E. coli. Furthermore, to detect changes in 5 years, sampling for clarity, dissolved reactive phosphorus and E. coli would have to increase up to fivefold. The cost of sampling was predicted to increase 5.3 and 4.1 times for 5 and 20 years, respectively. A national model of statistical power was used to demonstrate that a similar number of samples (and cost) would be required for any new monitoring sites. Our work suggests that demonstrating the outcomes of implementing policy for water quality improvement may not occur without a step change in investment into monitoring systems. Emerging sampling technologies have potential to reduce the cost, but existing monitoring networks may also have to be rationalised to provide evidence that water quality is meeting objectives. Our study has important implications for investment decisions involving balancing the need for intensively sampled sites where changes in water quality occur rapidly versus other sites which provide long-term time series.
Destabilization of spin-Peierls phase via a charge-spin modulated Floquet state induced by intramolecular vibrational excitation
Authors: Sakai Daiki , Yamakawa Takashi , Ueda Hajime , Ikeda Ryohei , Miyamoto Tatsuya , Okamoto Hiroshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe electronic state control using a periodic light field is one of the central subjects in photophysics. In molecular solids, intramolecular vibrations sometimes couple to intermolecular electron transfer, thus modulating electron and spin densities of each molecule. Here, we show that in a quasi-one-dimensional molecular solid K-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) in which TCNQ molecules are dimerized by the spin-Peierls mechanism, an intramolecular vibrational excitation with a phase-locked mid-infrared pulse induces a charge-spin modulated Floquet state, which destabilizes the spin-Peierls phase. By detecting reflectivity changes of the intramolecular transition band along the mid-infrared electric field with 6.6-fs probe pulses, we detected high-frequency oscillations reflecting electron- and spin-density modulations synchronized with intramolecular vibrations. More significantly, we observed an oscillation of ~110 cm−1 due to a dimeric mode driven by a decrease in spin-Peierls dimerization. This dimerization reduction was confirmed by measuring transient reflectivity changes of the Mott-gap transition band. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of intramolecular vibrational excitation as a method for Floquet engineering in molecular solids.
An error correction strategy for image reconstruction by DNA sequencing microscopy
Authors: Kloosterman Alexander , Baars Igor , Högberg Björn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBy pairing adjacent molecules in situ and then mapping these pairs, DNA microscopy could substantially reduce the workload in spatial omics methods by directly inferring geometry from sequencing data alone. However, experimental artifacts can lead to errors in the adjacency data, which distort the spatial reconstruction. Here we describe a method to correct two such errors: spurious crosslinks formed between any two nodes, and fused nodes that are formed out of multiple molecules. We build on the principle that spatially close molecules should be connected and show that these errors violate this principle, allowing for their detection and correction. Our method corrects errors in simulated data, even in the presence of up to 20% errors, and proves to be more efficient at removing errors from experimental data than a read count filter. Integrating this method in DNA microscopy will substantially improve the accuracy of spatial reconstructions with lower data loss.
Loneliness and suicide mitigation for students using GPT3-enabled chatbots
Authors: Maples Bethanie , Cerit Merve , Vishwanath Aditya , Pea Roy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMental health is a crisis for learners globally, and digital support is increasingly seen as a critical resource. Concurrently, Intelligent Social Agents receive exponentially more engagement than other conversational systems, but their use in digital therapy provision is nascent. A survey of 1006 student users of the Intelligent Social Agent, Replika, investigated participants’ loneliness, perceived social support, use patterns, and beliefs about Replika. We found participants were more lonely than typical student populations but still perceived high social support. Many used Replika in multiple, overlapping ways—as a friend, a therapist, and an intellectual mirror. Many also held overlapping and often conflicting beliefs about Replika—calling it a machine, an intelligence, and a human. Critically, 3% reported that Replika halted their suicidal ideation. A comparative analysis of this group with the wider participant population is provided.
Intestinal toxicity alleviation and efficacy potentiation through therapeutic administration of Lactobacillus paracasei GY-1 in the treatment of gout flares with colchicine
Authors: Zeng Jiaqi , Li Yan , Zou Yizhi , Yang Ying , Yang Tingting , Zhou Yizhuang 
Published: January 2024

The therapeutic administration of Lactobacillus paracasei GY-1 attenuates the physical, behaviral, and intestinal toxicity of colchicine, and enhances the therapeutic effect for gout flares when combined with colchicine.
A BSF‐EDZL scheduling algorithm for heterogeneous multiprocessors
Authors: Wu Peng , Han Chengzhuo , Yan Tao , Chen Lu , Li Yingchun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo improve the performance of real‐time systems, heterogeneous asymmetric multiprocessors are proposed. Heterogeneous asymmetric multiprocessor architecture allows the system to better match computational resources to meet the needs and dynamic workload of each application. The benefits of system performance and reduced power consumption cannot be fully exploited unless proper task scheduling and task allocation methods are implemented at the operating system level.The EDZL scheduling algorithm has been shown to be a better scheduling algorithm in heterogeneous multiprocessor platforms. In this paper, the BSF‐EDZL (best speed fit for earliest deadline first until zero‐laxity) performance asymmetric multiprocessor scheduling algorithm is proposed, and an effective schedulability analysis is performed. The algorithm selects an appropriate processor for non‐zero relaxation highest priority task rather than the fastest processor when assigning tasks. Experimental results show that the proposed BSF‐EDZL scheduling algorithm can schedule a larger set of tasks than the ordinary EDZL scheduling algorithm.
Improvement of operation and maintenance efficiency of power transformers based on knowledge graphs
Authors: Yang Jun , Meng Qi , Zhang Xixiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCurrently, the digital transformation of the power grid is underway, and the intelligent health management technology for power transformers is rapidly advancing. However, there are issues in the operation and maintenance process, such as weak information correlation and low decision‐making efficiency. Knowledge graphs have been applied in other industrial fields, such as spacecraft maintenance, to significantly improve knowledge query efficiency. However, there is a lack of literature on knowledge graph construction in the field of power transformer operation and maintenance. Additionally, there is limited publicly available data and difficulties in effectively mining operation and maintenance knowledge in this field. A method for constructing a knowledge graph for power transformer operation and maintenance based on ALBERT is proposed. Firstly, publicly available literature in the field of power transformers is collected, and a sample enhancement method using regular matching is used to enrich the semi‐structured corpora, such as power system accident investigation reports, to construct a training dataset for power transformer operation and maintenance. Then, the ALBERT‐BiLSTM‐CRF deep learning algorithm is applied to extract power transformer operation and maintenance entities from the relevant literature and accident investigation reports, and this method is compared with traditional deep learning algorithms to demonstrate its superiority. Subsequently, the ALBERT‐BiLSTM‐Attention deep learning algorithm, which incorporates ALBERT and attention mechanism, is utilised to extract relationships between power transformer operation and maintenance entities. Compared to other deep learning algorithms, this algorithm demonstrates better performance in the domain‐specific texts of power transformer operation and maintenance. Finally, the Neo4j graph database is used to visualise and present the knowledge graph, enabling decision support based on the power transformer operation and maintenance knowledge graph.
Mining smart card data to estimate transfer passenger flow in a metro network
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Liu Tao , Gong Lei , Luo Qin , Du Bo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetro systems play an important role in reducing urban traffic congestion and promoting the sustainable development of urban transport in megacities. With the expansion of a metro network, transfer stations are necessary for increasing the service connectivity of a metro network. An accurate estimation of transfer passenger flow can help improve the operations management of a metro system. This study proposes a data‐driven methodology for estimating the transfer passenger flow volume of each transfer station in a metro network by mining smart card data. The estimated transfer passenger flow data are visualized to show the spatial‐temporal distribution characteristics of metro transfer passenger flow. The case study results of the Shenzhen Metro network demonstrate that the proposed data‐driven methodological framework is very effective in estimating different types of transfer passenger flows, such as total transfer passenger flow, hourly transfer passenger flow, and inbound and outbound transfer flows at each transfer station. The spatial‐temporal distribution characteristics of transfer passenger flow can be very useful for designing effective and efficient passenger flow management measures to ensure the safe and efficient operation of a metro system.
Elevating adaptive traffic signal control in semi‐autonomous traffic dynamics by using connected and automated vehicles as probes
Authors: Li Yurong , Peng Liqun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, the connected vehicle's messages are used to create an enhanced adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) system for improved traffic flow. Few existing studies use connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) to develop traffic signal control algorithms under hybrid connected and autonomous conditions. The proposed approach focuses on a four‐phase traffic intersection with both CAVs and human‐driven vehicles (HVs). CAVs share real‐time state information, and a model called Roads Dynamic Segmentation estimates queuing procedures and vehicle fleet numbers on dynamic road sections. This information is used in the Store and Forward Model (SFM) to predict intersection queuing length. The ATSC system, based on model predictive control (MPC), aims to minimize intersection queue length while considering traffic constraints (undersaturated, saturated, and oversaturated) and avoiding free‐flow problems due to queue overflow. To reduce computational complexity, a linear‐quadratic‐regulator (LQR) is used. Real‐world vehicle trajectories and the SUMO tool are used for experimental purposes. Results show that the proposed method reduces average delay by 38.50% and 33.42% compared to fixed timing and traditional MPC in cases of oversaturated traffic flow with 100% CAV penetration. Even with a penetration rate of only 20%, average delay decreases by 13.65% and 6.50%, respectively. This study showcases not only the potential benefits of CAV in enhancing traffic, but also enables the optimal utilization of green duration in signalized intersection control systems. This helps prevent traffic congestion and ensures the efficient and smooth movement of traffic flow.
Recent Advances in Quinoline-Based Macrocycles: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications in Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Kumagai Naoya , Xu Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMacrocyclic compounds exhibit unique properties due to their large ring-shaped structures, which have captivated chemists in recent decades. These molecules exert specific functions in various applicable fields, such as chemistry, materials science, and biology. Crown ethers, calixarenes, and porphyrinoids, which contain several ether/phenol/pyrrole subunits, represent these molecular categories with unparalleled functional diversity. In contrast, quinoline-based macrocycles comprising the quinoline unit as a key element to construct specific ring shapes have received limited attention. In this minireview, we summarize the recent advances in oligoquinoline macrocycles TriQuinoline (TQ), oxa-TriQuinoline (o-TQ), TEtraQuinoline (TEQ), and other bridged quinoline-based macrocycles. Emphasis is placed on the synthesis, structure, and application of these molecules in organometallic and supramolecular chemistry, which may guide new molecular designs in the quinoline-based macrocycle family.1	Introduction2	Quinoline-Based Macrocycles2.1	TriQuinoline (TQ)2.2	Oxa-TriQuinoline (o-TQ)2.3	TEtraQuinoline (TEQ)2.4	Larger Quinoline-Based Macrocycles with Bridges3	Conclusion
Implantation Corridors in Canine Thoracic Vertebrae: A Morphometric Study in Dogs of Varying Sizes
Authors: Sabol Julianna C. , Mariani Christopher L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective Surgical stabilization to treat fractures, luxations, and congenital malformations in the thoracic spine can be difficult due to its unique anatomy and surrounding structures. Our objective was to document the morphometrics of the thoracic vertebrae relating to an ideal trajectory for dorsolateral implant placement in a variety of dog sizes and to assess proximity to important adjacent critical anatomical structures using computed tomography (CT) studies.
Study Design Medical records for 30 dogs with thoracic CT were evaluated. Implantation corridor parameters for thoracic vertebrae (T1–T13) were measured, including the length, width, angle from midline, and allowable deviation angle for corridors simulated using an ideal implant trajectory. The distances from each vertebra to the trachea, lungs, aorta, subclavian artery, and azygos vein were also measured.
Results Implantation corridor widths were often very narrow, particularly in the mid-thoracic region, and allowable deviation angles were frequently small. Distances to critical anatomical structures were often less than 1 mm, even in larger dogs.
Conclusion Thoracic implantation requires substantial precision to avoid breaching the canal, ineffective implant placement, and potential life-threatening complications resulting from invasion of surrounding anatomical structures.
Characteristics and affordability of American universities with a willingness to invest in sustainability
Authors: Zhu Bifeng , Feng Jing , Sun Chaoyang , Wang Zhekai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBased on investment data from 214 sustainable universities in the United States, a study on the characteristics and affordability of universities with a willingness to invest in sustainability was conducted. First, according to the concept of ESG, the related factors of sustainability are classified. Then, the important variables are selected by the Cp method. Finally, the main characteristics and maximum affordability of universities with investment willingness for sustainability are quantitatively studied through the logit regression model. The findings are as follows: (1) Most universities take sustainable industries as their investment objective, promoting investment through a series of sustainable policies. (2) The characteristics of universities are as follows: (a) the size of the campus within a certain range; (b) sustainability instruction training for new employees; (c) the encouragement of employees for community service; and (d) the establishment of CIR (Committees on Investor Responsibility). (3) The maximum affordability is 30.3% of the total investment, and approximately 94% of universities do not actually invest as much in sustainability as in willingness. The study defines the identification factors of universities to provide an important basis for the formulation and implementation of guiding policies related to investment in the sustainability of universities in the future.
Detection of blood coagulation in an extracorporeal circuit using magnetic and absorbance properties
Authors: Sakamoto Hideo , Hibino Nana , Mizukuchi Yukari , Sato Aya , Torii Tetsuya 
Published: January 2024

In extracorporeal circulation, intra-circuit blood coagulation can lead to serious problems. However, intra-circuit coagulation cannot be monitored in real-time and is only intermittently monitored by measuring the activated clotting time (ACT). As blood clotting progresses in a circuit, the color of the blood turns from bright red to dark red. And, changes in blood coagulation can be detected using devices with optical sensors because the absorbance is likely to change as blood coagulates. However, the absorbance may also increase when oxygen partial pressure is altered by artificial lungs. Thus, there is a need for a device that is not affected by blood oxygenation. Therefore, we used a magnet and a flux meter to assess changes in the magnetic force with blood coagulation. Thus, there is a need for a device that is not affected by blood oxygenation. Therefore, we used a magnet and a flux meter to assess changes in the magnetic force with blood coagulation. Measurements were made at different flux intensities to capture the magnetic flux changes during blood coagulation. Blood (100 ml) was stored in a beaker. Calcium chloride (CaCl2: 0.2 ml) was then added to the beaker to promote coagulation. Blood from the beaker was drawn into a syringe and set in the magnetic flux measurement fixture, and a magnet was fixed on top of the syringe for 24 min. The flux meter readings increased as the blood coagulated. The results suggest that it is possible to capture magnetic flux density changes during the process of blood coagulation. From the above may lead to the development of a device that monitors coagulation in extracorporeal circuits in real time by monitoring two aspects of the coagulation process: absorbance and magnetic flux density.