bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropometric assessment: ESPGHAN quality of care survey from paediatric hospitals in 28 European countries
Authors: Litwin Anna , Le Thi Thu Giang , Pancheva Rouzha , Niseteo Tena , Hauer Almuthe Christina , Kindermann Angelika , Lacaille Florence , Nicastro Emanuele , Czubkowski Piotr , Ikrath Katharina , Gerasimidis Konstantinos , Koletzko Sibylle ,   for the Quality of Care Network
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesAssessment of anthropometric data is essential for paediatric healthcare. We surveyed the implementation of European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) evidence‐based guidelines and practical recommendations on nutritional care, particularly regarding anthropometric measurements.MethodsPaediatric hospitals from 28 European countries provided pseudonymized data through online questionnaires on hospital characteristics and their standards of nutritional care. Practical tasks assessed an unbiased collection and reporting of anthropometric measurements in random patients' files and discharge letters.ResultsOf 114 hospitals (67% academic), 9% have no nutritionist/dietitian available, 18% do not provide standard policy to assess weight and height and 15% lack training for nursing staff for accurate performance. A wall‐mounted stadiometer to measure standing height and equipment for sitting weight is unavailable in 9% and 32%, respectively. Infant length is measured by one instead of two healthcare professionals and with a tape instead of a rigid length measuring board in 58% and 15% of hospitals, respectively.The practical tasks reviewed 1414 random patients, thereof 446 younger than 2 years of age. Missing documentation occurred significantly more often for height versus weight and their percentiles in infants ≤2 years versus older children, and in general paediatric versus gastrointestinal patients, with no difference between academic and nonacademic hospitals. Review of documented anthropometric data in discharge letters disclosed that consultants significantly underestimated the deficits in their units compared to documented data.ConclusionsThe survey revealed significant gaps in performance and documentation of anthropometry in the participating hospitals. A resurvey will assess changes in quality of care over time.
Quinoa alleviates osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats by regulating gut microbiota imbalance
Authors: Dou Jinfang , Liang Zhengting , Liu Jiaxian , Liu Nannan , Hu Xuehong , Tao Siyu , Zhen Xianjie , Yang Lihua , Zhang Jinghua , Jiang Guangjian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPostmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is associated with dysregulation of bone metabolism and gut microbiota. Quinoa is a grain with high nutritional value, and its effects and potential mechanisms on PMO have not been reported yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the bone protective effect of quinoa on ovariectomy (OVX) rats by regulating bone metabolism and gut microbiota.ResultsQuinoa significantly improved osteoporosis‐related biochemical parameters of OVX rats and ameliorated ovariectomy‐induced bone density reduction and trabecular structure damage. Quinoa intervention may repair the intestinal barrier by upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins in the duodenum. In addition, quinoa increased the levels of Firmicutes, and decreased the levels of Bacteroidetes and Prevotella, reversing the dysregulation of the gut microbiota. This may be related to estrogen signaling pathway, secondary and primary bile acid biosynthesis, benzoate degradation, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, NOD‐like receptor signaling pathway and biosynthesis of tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloids. Correlation analysis showed that there is a strong correlation between gut microbiota with significant changes in abundance and parameters related to osteoporosis.ConclusionQuinoa could significantly reverse the high intestinal permeability and change the composition of gut microbiota in OVX rats, thereby improving bone microstructure deterioration and bone metabolism disorder, and ultimately protecting the bone loss of OVX rats. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
In vitro digestion and colonic fermentation characteristics of media‐milled purple sweet potato particle‐stabilized Pickering emulsions
Authors: Ye Liuyu , Hu Hong , Wang Yong , Cai Zizhe , Yu Wenwen , Lu Xuanxuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPickering emulsions stabilized by multicomponent particles have attracted increasing attention. Research on characterizing the digestion and health benefit effects of these emulsions in the human gastrointestinal tract are quite limited. This work aims to reveal the digestive characteristics of media‐milled purple sweet potato particle‐stabilized Pickering emulsions (PSPP‐Es) during in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation.RESULTSThe media‐milling process improved the in vitro digestibility and fermentability of PSPP‐Es by reaching afree fatty acids release rate of 43.11 ± 4.61% after gastrointestinal digestion and total phenolic content release of 101.00 ± 1.44 μg gallic acid equivalents/mL after fermentation. In addition, PSPP‐Es exhibited good antioxidative activity (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays), α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity (half‐maximal inhibitory concentration: 6.70%, v/v), and prebiotic effects, reaching a total short‐chain fatty acids production of 9.90 ± 0.12 mol L−1, boosting the growth of Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Blautia and inhibiting the growth of Escherichia–Shigella.CONCLUSIONSThese findings indicate that the media‐milling process enhances the potential health benefits of purple sweet potato particle‐stabilized Pickering emulsions, which is beneficial for their application as a bioactive component delivery system in food and pharmaceutical products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Evaluation of Focused Assessment With Sonography for Trauma Completeness of Children in the Clinical Setting
Authors: Firnberg Maytal , Addo Newton , Lin‐Martore Margaret , Shaahinfar Ashkon , Kornblith Aaron 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesWe evaluated the completeness of real‐world Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) in children after blunt abdominal trauma by benchmarking against established expert guidelines.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study, analyzing a random sample of FASTs from two urban pediatric emergency departments. Two experts reviewed and labeled all FASTs for completeness using a predefined guideline of 5 anatomic views and 30 landmarks. We compared frequencies of views and landmarks as medians with interquartile ranges.ResultsWe analyzed 200 FASTs, consisting of 1636 video clips, performed by 31 clinicians representing 198 children with a median age of 10 years (IQR 5,14). Over half of FASTs (52%) had all 5 views. The right upper quadrant view was most commonly visualized (96.5%), and suprapubic sagittal was least (65%). None of the FASTs included all 30 landmarks, ranging from 0 to 28 and median of 19 (IQR 15,23). The least visualized landmark of the right and left upper quadrants was caudal liver edge (60%) and splenic tip (64%), respectively. In the pericardial view, it was left atrium (45%). In both transverse and sagittal pelvic views, retro‐uterine space was least visualized in girls, 21 and 29% respectively.ConclusionsIn our study, most FAST views and landmarks were visualized. However, the pelvic sagittal view was the least frequently visualized view, and caudal liver edge was the least visualized landmark. Future research should evaluate if variability in visualizing FAST views and landmarks correlates with inconsistencies in diagnostic test performance.
Advantages of using a dual‐filler system with carbon black and rockwool fiber on Nitrile Rubber composites from a technical standpoint
Authors: da Rocha Elisson Brum Dutra , de Sousa Ana Maria Furtado , Furtado Cristina Russi Guimarães 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study produced and characterized composites based on nitrile rubber reinforced with rockwool fiber (RW) and carbon black (CB). Ten formulations with dual‐filler loading amounts ranging from 0 to 40 phr of CB and RW were designed using a simplex‐centroid mixture. The composites were assessed regarding their rheometric, rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties. The use of the RW in the dual‐filler system contributed to overall improvements in Shore A hardness, tear strength, modulus at 50%, and resilience, as well as reducing the Payne effect. Instead of using 40 phr of CB alone, a dual‐filler system comprising 20 phr of CB and 20 phr of RW lowers the Payne effect by around 60%, improves resilience by 35%, modulus at 50% strain by 8%, and the residual stress at equilibrium (σ∞/σ0) by 7%. On the other hand, the tensile strength is reduced by 23%. The optimum cure time, crosslink density, and maximum decomposition rate temperature were not affected by the rockwool's presence in the dual‐filler system. In general, the use of RW in combination with CB is advantageous mainly because it reduces compressive stress relaxation, which is an important property for sealing applications.Highlights
Dual‐filler systems based on carbon black (CB) and rockwool fiber (RW) offer advantages.
RW‐rich dual‐filler systems reduce stress relaxation.
RW‐rich dual‐filler systems reduce the Payne effect.
CB‐rich dual‐filler systems increase tensile strength.
Heparanase‐1 and MMPs in Covid‐19 and non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia
Authors: Masola Valentina , Marrone Giuseppe , Condoluci Carola , Franchi Marco , Stella Leonardo , Biolato Marco , Miele Luca , Gambaro Giovanni , Vecchio Claudia Dal , Onisto Maurizio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTogether with the ACE2 protein, heparan sulfate present at the level of the glycocalyx in the lung epithelia is considered a cellular “co‐receptor” for the viral spike protein that allows severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV) to infect cells. An increase in the amount and activity of heparanase‐1 (HPSE), the only enzyme capable of degrading the heparan sulfate (HS) chains of the glycocalyx and of the extracellular matrix, has been described in the plasma of patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19). Furthermore, the activity of matrix metalloproteases, or MMPs, has been related to matrix degradation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in Covid‐19 patients. In this study, we enrolled 26 Covid‐19 patients and 15 controls with diagnosis of non‐SARS‐CoV‐2‐related pneumonia. We evaluated the expression and activity of HPSE and the expression of MMPs in their serum together with other clinical markers of disease and inflammation. Results proved that HPSE expression and activity serum levels were significantly increased, whereas MMP2 and 9 were decreased in Covid‐19 versus non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia patients. In addition, IL‐6 levels were higher, whereas platelet and white blood cells were lower in Covid‐19 with respect to non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia. Moreover, MMP9 but not HPSE (expression and activity) levels were increased in Covid‐19 pneumonia patients with ongoing lung alteration over time. In summary, the present findings indicate that HPSE and MMPs are differentially regulated in Covid‐19 and non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia.
A dual path hybrid neural network framework for remaining useful life prediction of aero‐engine
Authors: Lu Xinhua , Pan Haobo , Zhang Lingxiao , Ma Li , Wan Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPredicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of an engine is one of the key tasks of Prognostics and health management (PHM). Modern mechanical equipment typically operates in complex operating conditions and fault modes, leading to dispersed distribution of sensor data and challenges for feature extraction. To improve the accuracy of predicting the RUL under the complex scenarios, this paper proposes a multi‐scale convolutional network (CNN) and bidirectional gated recurrent unit (MSC‐BiGRU) mode under a dual path framework with temporal attention. Specifically, the multi‐scale CNN in the first path is to learn complex features, and Swish Activation function is used to improve the prediction ability of the network; the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) in the second path can handle both forward and backward time series, and adaptively capture the importance of outputs at different times using temporal attention, enhancing the model's feature extraction ability in the temporal dimension. A feature fusion mechanism is developed to connect two paths in parallel, overcoming the overfitting and high computational complexity in deep complex models. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed method using a simulated turbofan engine dataset, especially on datasets FD002 and FD004 under complex operating conditions and fault modes, the RMSE values were reduced by 17.37% and 9.97%, respectively, compared to the BiGRU‐TSAM.
Annuloselectivity of Dibenzoxazepines and Arynes in the Presence of CO2: [2+2] vs [2+2+2] Annulation
Authors: Zhang Kun , Liu Shiqi , Wang Leyi , Liu Xiangrui , Xu Jiaxi , Chen Ning 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe annulation of arynes with dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines (N‐aryl cyclic imines) in the presence of CO2 has been studied in comparison with 3,4‐dihydroisoquinolines (N‐alkyl cyclic imines). For the reaction with dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines, [2+2] annulation takes place specifically with arynes, with CO2 acting only as the protecting gas. 3,4‐dihydroisoquinolines, however, exclusively underwent [2+2+2] annulation with arynes and CO2, with CO2 as a reactant. Our findings offer insights into imine‐aryne annulation under CO2 and suggest that steric and nucleophilic factors control the annuloselectivity. Reactivity analysis revealed that electron‐rich and less steric N‐alkyl cyclic imines and electron‐deficient benzynes favor the [2+2+2] annulation, while electron‐deficient and bulky N‐aryl cyclic imines prefer the [2+2] annulation. In the [2+2] annulation, the Hammett analyses reveal that both the nucleophilic attack of imines to benzynes (the first step, negative ρ) and the attack of phenyl anions on the iminium species (the second step, positive ρ) affect the reaction rate.
Less is More: Underlying Mechanism of Zn Electrode Long‐Term Stability using Sodium L‐Ascorbate as Electrolyte Additive
Authors: Luo Yuzhe , Yin Jiayi , Chen Peng , Wang Bin , Xu Jiangtao , Wang Zhaohui , Guo Kunkun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStructured passivation layers and hydrated Zn2+ solvation structure strongly influence Zn depositions on Zn electrodes and then the cycle life and electrochemical performance of aqueous zinc ion batteries. To achieve these, the electrolyte additive of sodium L‐ascorbate (Ass) is introduced into aqueous zinc sulfate (ZnSO4, ZS) electrolyte solutions. Combined experimental characterizations with theoretical calculations, the unique passivation layers with vertical arrayed micro‐nano structure are clearly observed, as well as the hydrated Zn2+ solvation structure is changed by replacing two ligand water molecules with As−, thus regulating the wettability and interfacial electric field intensity of Zn surfaces, facilitating rapid ionic diffusions within electrolytes and electrodes together with the inhibited side reactions and uniform depositions of Zn2+. When tested in Zn||Zn symmetric cell, the electrolyte containing Ass is extraordinarily stably operated for the long time ≈3700 h at both 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2. In Zn||MnO2 full coin cells, the energy density can still maintain as high as ≈184 Wh kg−1 at the power density high up to 2 kW kg−1, as well as the capacity retention can reach up to 80.5% even after 1000 cycles at 2 A g−1, which are substantially superior to the control cells.
Heat shock interferes with the amino acid metabolism of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes in vitro: a multistep analysis
Authors: Mzedawee Hayder Radhi Hussein , Kowsar Rasoul , Moradi-Hajidavaloo Reza , Shiasi-Sardoabi Roya , Sadeghi Khaled , Nasr-Esfahani Mohammad Hossein , Hajian Mehdi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBy affecting the ovarian pool of follicles and their enclosed oocytes, heat stress has an impact on dairy cow fertility. This study aimed to determine how heat shock (HS) during in vitro maturation affected the ability of the bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) to develop, as well as their metabolism of amino acids (AAs). In this study, COCs were in vitro matured for 23 h at 38.5 °C (control; n = 322), 39.5 °C (mild HS (MHS); n = 290), or 40.5 °C (severe HS (SHS); n = 245). In comparison to the control group, the MHS and SHS groups significantly decreased the percentage of metaphase-II oocytes, as well as cumulus cell expansion and viability. The SHS decreased the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation in comparison to the control and MHS. Compared to the control and MHS-COCs, the SHS-COCs produced significantly more phenylalanine, threonine, valine, arginine, alanine, glutamic acid, and citrulline while depleting less leucine, glutamine, and serine. Data showed that SHS-COCs had the highest appearance and turnover of all AAs and essential AAs. Heat shock was positively correlated with the appearance of glutamic acid, glutamine, isoleucine, alanine, serine, valine, phenylalanine, and asparagine. Network analysis identified the relationship between HS and alanine or glutamic acid, as well as the relationship between blastocyst and cleavage rates and ornithine. The findings imply that SHS may have an impact on the quality and metabolism of AAs in COCs. Moreover, the use of a multistep analysis could simply identify the AAs most closely linked to HS and the developmental competence of bovine COCs.
The 6:1 short stitch SL-WL-ratio: short term closure results of transverse and midline incisions in elective and emergency operations
Authors: Golling M. , Breul V. , Zielska Z. , Baumann P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aim
To analyze laparotomy closure quality (suture/wound length ratio; SL/WL) and short term complications (surgical site occurrence; SSO) of conventional midline and transverse abdominal incisions in elective and emergency laparotomies with a longterm, absorbent, elastic suture material.

Method
Prospective, monocentric, non-randomized, controlled cohort study on short stitches with a longterm resorbable, elastic suture (poly-4-hydroxybutyrate, [p-4OHB]) aiming at a 6:1 SL/WL-ratio in midline and transverse, primary and secondary laparotomies for elective and emergency surgeries.

Results
We included 351 patients (♂: 208; ♀: 143) with midline (n = 194), transverse (n = 103), and a combined midline/transverse L-shaped (n = 54) incisions. There was no quality difference in short stitches between elective (n = 296) and emergency (n = 55) operations. Average SL/WL-ratio was significantly higher for midline than transverse incisions (6.62 ± 2.5 vs 4.3 ± 1.51, p < 0.001). Results in the first 150 patients showed a reduced SL/WL-ratio to the following 200 suture closures (SL/WL-ratio: 5.64 ± 2.5 vs 6.1 ± 2.3; p < 0.001). SL/WL-ratio varied insignificantly among the six surgeons participating while results were steadily improving over time.
Clinically, superficial surgical site infections (SSI, CDC-A1/2) were encountered in 8%, while 4,3% were related to intraabdominal complications (CDC-A3). An abdominal wall dehiscence (AWD) occurred in 22/351 patients (6,3%)—twice as common in emergency than elective surgery (12,7 vs 5,1%)—necessitating an abdominal revision in 86,3% of cases.

Conclusion
We could show that a short stitch 6:1 SL/WL-ratio with a 2–0 single, ultra-long term, absorbent, elastic suture material can be performed in only 43% of cases (85% > 4:1 SL/WL-ratio), significantly better in midline than transverse incisions. Transverse incisions should preferably be closed in two layers to achieve a sufficient SL/WL-ratio equivalent to the median incision.

Clinical Trials.gov Identifier
NCT01938222.
The diagnostic role of the systemic inflammation index in patients with immunological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mangoni Arduino A. , Zinellu Angelo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe identification of novel, easily measurable biomarkers of inflammation might enhance the diagnosis and management of immunological diseases (IDs). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate an emerging biomarker derived from the full blood count, the systemic inflammation index (SII), in patients with IDs and healthy controls. We searched Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to 12 December 2023 for relevant articles and evaluated the risk of bias and the certainty of evidence using the Joanna Briggs Checklist and the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Working Group system, respectively. In 16 eligible studies, patients with IDs had a significantly higher SII when compared to controls (standard mean difference, SMD = 1.08, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.41, p < 0.001; I2 = 96.2%, p < 0.001; moderate certainty of evidence). The pooled area under the curve (AUC) for diagnostic accuracy was 0.85 (95% CI 0.82–0.88). In subgroup analysis, the effect size was significant across different types of ID, barring systemic lupus erythematosus (p = 0.20). In further analyses, the SII was significantly higher in ID patients with active disease vs. those in remission (SMD = 0.81, 95% CI 0.34–1.27, p < 0.001; I2 = 93.6%, p < 0.001; moderate certainty of evidence). The pooled AUC was 0.74 (95% CI 0.70–0.78). Our study suggests that the SII can effectively discriminate between subjects with and without IDs and between ID patients with and without active disease. Prospective studies are warranted to determine whether the SII can enhance the diagnosis of IDs in routine practice. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023493142).
Mixture polarization in inter-rater agreement analysis: a Bayesian nonparametric index
Authors: Mignemi Giuseppe , Calcagnì Antonio , Spoto Andrea , Manolopoulou Ioanna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn several observational contexts where different raters evaluate a set of items, it is common to assume that all raters draw their scores from the same underlying distribution. However, a plenty of scientific works have evidenced the relevance of individual variability in different type of rating tasks. To address this issue the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) has been used as a measure of variability among raters within the Hierarchical Linear Models approach. A common distributional assumption in this setting is to specify hierarchical effects as independent and identically distributed from a normal with the mean parameter fixed to zero and unknown variance. The present work aims to overcome this strong assumption in the inter-rater agreement estimation by placing a Dirichlet Process Mixture over the hierarchical effects’ prior distribution. A new nonparametric index $$\lambda$$
λ
is proposed to quantify raters polarization in presence of group heterogeneity. The model is applied on a set of simulated experiments and real world data. Possible future directions are discussed.