bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex reimplantation of an inflatable penile prosthesis with scar tissue excision and distal corporal defect repair with Tutoplast® pericardium allograft
Authors: Blum Kyle A. , Jones William , Conroy Lauren , Mehr Justin , Green Travis , Wang Run 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with inflatable penile prostheses (IPP) may experience erosions after years of use or after indwelling Foley catheter placement. IPP erosions should be managed as an infection with the entire IPP removed. Replacing IPPs in erosion patients can be challenging due to extensive scarring development. Using proper graft materials may be necessary to close and reinforce the corporal defect after difficult corporal dilation or significant scar removal for the long‐term success of IPP reimplantation.Case PresentationHerein we report a patient with a history of IPP placement in 2007 for erectile dysfunction and Peyronie's disease, presenting in 2018 with dysuria and a feeling of IPP displacement following Foley catheter placement for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The left cylinder of the IPP was observed by physical examination and a defect near the fossa navicularis was discovered during office cystoscopy. A complete explantation of IPP was then performed. Reimplantation of the IPP was performed in 2021 which required excision of corporal scar tissue and repair of a left distal corporal defect using a Tutoplast® pericardium allograft. The procedure was successful with proper IPP position and good function without any penile deformity.ConclusionThe use of graft materials in the management of corporeal defects should be considered in the setting of complex IPP revision. The Tutoplast® pericardium allograft reinforcement can provide long‐term durability, flexibility, and a lower risk of infection.
Verarbeitungseigenschaften und Viskositäten von PMMA-Knochenzementen
Authors: Paul Christian , Steinhauser Erwin , Kühn Klaus-Dieter 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungVerarbeitungseigenschaften von PMMA-Knochenzementen können in vier Phasen unterteilt werden: 1. Anmischung, 2. Wartephase, 3. Verarbeitungsphase sowie 4. Aushärtephase. Jede dieser Phasen unterliegt einer Reihe von äußeren Einflussfaktoren, beispielsweise Temperatur und Feuchte, die im Rahmen der Anwendung zu beachten sind. Gebrauchsanweisungen der Hersteller von PMMA-Knochenzementen sowie von Misch- und Applikationssystemen enthalten wichtige Hinweise zur korrekten Anwendung. Für den sicheren Ablauf im Operationssaal sind die Verarbeitungseigenschaften der PMMA-Knochenzemente und mögliche Einflussfaktoren auf den Aushärtungsverlauf von großer Bedeutung. Kenntnisse zu Viskosität und Konsistenz des PMMA-Knochenzementes von der Teigphase bis zur vollständigen Aushärtung erleichtern das Vorbereiten und Applizieren, was langfristig die an PMMA-Zemente gestellten Anforderungen im Hinblick auf Funktion und Standzeit des Implantats signifikant verbessert.
Improving the reliability of measurements in orthopaedics and sports medicine
Authors: Królikowska Aleksandra , Reichert Paweł , Karlsson Jon , Mouton Caroline , Becker Roland , Prill Robert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA large space still exists for improving the measurements used in orthopaedics and sports medicine, especially as we face rapid technological progress in devices used for diagnostic or patient monitoring purposes. For a specific measure to be valuable and applicable in clinical practice, its reliability must be established. Reliability refers to the extent to which measurements can be replicated, and three types of reliability can be distinguished: inter‐rater, intra‐rater, and test–retest. The present article aims to provide insights into reliability as one of the most important and relevant properties of measurement tools. It covers essential knowledge about the methods used in orthopaedics and sports medicine for reliability studies. From design to interpretation, this article guides readers through the reliability study process. It addresses crucial issues such as the number of raters needed, sample size calculation, and breaks between particular trials. Different statistical methods and tests are presented for determining reliability depending on the type of gathered data, with particular attention to the commonly used intraclass correlation coefficient.
Co-simulation-based optimal reactive power control in smart distribution network
Authors: Wagle Raju , Pham Le Nam Hai , Tricarico Gioacchino , Sharma Pawan , Rueda Jose Luis , Gonzalez-Longatt Francisco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe increasing integration of distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic (PV) systems into distribution networks introduces intermittent and variable power, leading to high voltage fluctuations. High PV integration can also result in increased terminal voltage of the network during periods of high PV generation and low load consumption. These problems can be solved by optimal utilization of the reactive power capability of a smart inverter. However, solving the optimization problem using a detailed mathematical model of the distribution network may be time-consuming. Due to this, the optimization process may not be fast enough to incorporate this rapid fluctuation when implemented in real-time optimization. To address these issues, this paper proposes a co-simulation-based optimization approach for optimal reactive power control in smart inverters. By utilizing co-simulation, the need for detailed mathematical modeling of the power flow equation of the distribution network in the optimization model is eliminated, thereby enabling faster optimization. This paper compares three optimization algorithms (improved harmony search, simplicial homology global optimization, and differential evolution) using models developed in OpenDSS and DigSilent PowerFactory. The results demonstrate the suitability of the proposed co-simulation-based optimization for obtaining optimal setpoints for reactive power control, minimizing total power loss in distribution networks with high PV integration. This research paper contributes to efficient and practical solutions for modeling optimal control problems in future distribution networks.
Top-down control of vestibular inputs by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Authors: McCarthy Brendan , Datta Sudipta , Sesa-Ashton Gianni , Wong Rebecca , Henderson Luke A. , Dawood Tye , Macefield Vaughan G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe vestibular apparatus provides spatial information on the position of the head in space and with respect to gravity. Low-frequency sinusoidal galvanic vestibular stimulation (sGVS), a means of selectively changing the firing of vestibular afferents, induces a frequency-dependent perception of sway and, in some individuals, induces nausea. Given that vestibular afferents project to the insular cortex—which forms part of the vestibular cortex—and that the insula receives inputs from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), we tested the hypothesis that electrical stimulation of the dlPFC can modulate vestibular inputs. Sinusoidal electrical stimulation (± 2 mA, 0.08 Hz, 100 cycles) was delivered via surface electrodes over (1) the mastoid processes alone (sGVS), (2) electroencephalogram (EEG) site F4 (right dlPFC) and the nasion or (3) to each site concurrently (sGVS + dlPFC) in 23 participants. The same stimulation protocol was used in a separate study to investigate EEG site F3 (left dlPFC) instead of F4 in 13 participants. During sGVS, all participants reported perceptions of sway and 13 participants also reported nausea, neither sensation of which occurred as a result of dlPFC stimulation. Interestingly, when sGVS and dlPFC stimulations were delivered concurrently, vestibular perceptions and sensations of nausea were almost completely abolished. We conclude that the dlPFC provides top-down control of vestibular inputs and further suggests that dlPFC stimulation may provide a novel means of controlling nausea.
On the lack of Gaussian tail for rough line integrals along fractional Brownian paths
Authors: Boedihardjo H. , Geng X. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe show that the tail probability of the rough line integral $$\int _{0}^{1}\phi (X_{t})dY_{t}$$

∫

0

1

ϕ

(

X
t

)

d

Y
t

, where (X, Y) is a 2D fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter $$H\in (1/4,1/2)$$

H
∈
(
1
/
4
,
1
/
2
)

and $$\phi $$
ϕ
is a $$C_{b}^{\infty }$$

C

b

∞

-function satisfying a mild non-degeneracy condition on its derivative, cannot decay faster than a $$\gamma $$
γ
-Weibull tail with any exponent $$\gamma >2H+1$$

γ
>
2
H
+
1

. In particular, this produces a simple class of examples of differential equations driven by fBM, whose solutions fail to have Gaussian tail even though the underlying vector fields are assumed to be of class $$C_{b}^{\infty }$$

C

b

∞

. This also demonstrates that the well-known upper tail estimate proved by Cass–Litterer–Lyons in 2013 is essentially sharp.
Anterior cervical X-shape-corpectomy and fusion vs. anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion for two-level cervical spondylosis
Authors: Wang Hong , Liu Yang , Wu Tingkui , Yan Chunyi , He Junbo , Huang Kangkang , Rong Xin , Ding Chen , Wang Beiyu , Liu Hao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Anterior cervical X-shape-corpectomy and fusion (ACXF) is a novel cervical surgery, designed as partial alternative to the classic technique, anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early-stage outcomes of ACXF in treating two-level cervical spondylosis (CS) through comparisons with ACCF.

Methods
A retrospectively comparative study was conducted in two cohorts of patients who underwent single-vertebral ACXF or ACCF to treat two-level CS during September 2019 and October 2021. Clinical and radiological data of all the patients were collected from pre-operation to 1 year after the surgery, following by intra- and intergroup analyses and comparisons.

Results
Fifty-seven patients were included, with 24 undergoing ACXF and 33 undergoing ACCF. ACXF group had significantly shorter drainage duration (2.13 ± 0.61 days vs. 3.48 ± 1.30 days, P < 0.001) and less drainage volume (30.21 ± 26.88 ml vs. 69.30 ± 37.65 ml, P < 0.001) than ACCF group. Both techniques significantly improved all the clinical parameters (P < 0.01) with comparable effects (P > 0.05). Each complication rate in ACXF group was lower than that in ACCF group without significant difference (P > 0.05). ACXF showed a significantly smaller transverse decompression range than ACCF (11.93 ± 1.27 mm vs. 16.29 ± 1.88 mm, P < 0.001). Postoperatively, ACXF yielded a comparable fusion rate (P > 0.05) and a significantly lower subsidence rate (P < 0.01) than ACCF technique at all time points.

Conclusions
ACXF is a potential surgical alternative for certain patients with two-level CS, as it provides both adequate decompression range and fewer adverse events than ACCF. The further modifications on ACXF worth exploration.
Incisional hernia repair following pancreatic surgery—open vs laparoscopic approach
Authors: Krueger C. M. , Patrzyk M. , Hipp J. , Adam U. , Köckerling F. , Riediger H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
For pancreatic procedures, transverse and midline or combined approaches are used. Having an increased morbidity after pancreatic surgery, these patients have an increased risk of developing an incisional hernia. In the following, we will analyze how the results of incisional hernia surgery after pancreatic surgery are presented in the Herniamed Registry.

Methods
Hospitals and surgeons from Germany, Austria and Switzerland can voluntarily enter all routinely performed hernia operations prospectively into the Herniamed Registry. All patients sign a special informed consent declaration that they agree to the documentation of their treatment in the Herniamed Registry. Perioperative complications (intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, complication-related reoperations and general complications) are recorded up to 30 days after surgery. After 1, 5, and 10 years, patients and primary care physicians are contacted and asked about any pain at rest, pain on exertion, chronic pain requiring treatment or recurrence. This retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data compares the outcomes of minimally invasive vs open techniques in incisional hernia repair after pancreatic surgery.

Results
Relative to the total number of all incisional hernia patients in the Herniamed Registry, the proportion after pancreatic surgery with 1-year follow-up was 0.64% (n = 461) patients. 95% of previous pancreatic surgeries were open. Minimally invasive incisional hernia repair was performed in 17.1% and open repair in 82.9% of cases. 23.2% of the defects were larger than 10 cm and 32.8% were located laterally or were a combination of lateral and medial defects. Among the few differences between the collectives, a significantly higher rate of defect closure (58.1% vs 25.3%; p < 0.001) and drainage (72.8% vs 13.9%; p < 0.001) was found in the open repairs, and larger meshes were seen in the minimally invasive procedures (340.6 cm2 vs 259.6 cm2; p < 0.001). No difference deemed a risk factor for chronic postoperative pain was seen in the rate of preoperative pain between the open and minimally invasive procedures (Appendix Table 4) No significant differences were found in either the perioperative complications or at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions
Incisional hernias after complex pancreatic surgery can be repaired safely and with a low recurrence rate in both open and minimally invasive techniques.
On the comparison between pre- and post-surgery nasal anatomies via computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Segalerba Eric , Dini Ciacci Gabriele , Quadrio Maurizio , Pralits Jan O. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNasal breathing difficulties (NBD) are widespread and difficult to diagnose; the failure rate of their surgical corrections is high. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) enables diagnosis of NBD and surgery planning, by comparing a pre-operative (pre-op) situation with the outcome of virtual surgery (post-op). An equivalent comparison is involved when considering distinct anatomies in the search for the functionally normal nose. Currently, this comparison is carried out in more than one way, under the implicit assumption that results are unchanged, which reflects our limited understanding of the driver of the respiratory function. The study describes how to set up a meaningful comparison. A pre-op anatomy, derived via segmentation from a CT scan, is compared with a post-op anatomy obtained via virtual surgery. State-of-the-art numerical simulations for a steady inspiration carry out the comparison under three types of global constraints, derived from the field of turbulent flow control: a constant pressure drop (CPG) between external ambient and throat, a constant flow rate (CFR) through the airways and a constant power input (CPI) from the lungs can be enforced. A significant difference in the quantities of interest is observed depending on the type of comparison. Global quantities (flow rate, pressure drop and nasal resistance) as well as local ones are affected. The type of flow forcing affects the outcome of the comparison between pre-op and post-op anatomies. Among the three available options, we argue that CPG is the least adequate. Arguments favouring either CFR or CPI are presented.
Computational fluid dynamic modeling of the lymphatic system: a review of existing models and future directions
Authors: Jayathungage Don Tharanga D. , Safaei Soroush , Maso Talou Gonzalo D. , Russell Peter S. , Phillips Anthony R. J. , Reynolds Hayley M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHistorically, research into the lymphatic system has been overlooked due to both a lack of knowledge and limited recognition of its importance. In the last decade however, lymphatic research has gained substantial momentum and has included the development of a variety of computational models to aid understanding of this complex system. This article reviews existing computational fluid dynamic models of the lymphatics covering each structural component including the initial lymphatics, pre-collecting and collecting vessels, and lymph nodes. This is followed by a summary of limitations and gaps in existing computational models and reasons that development in this field has been hindered to date. Over the next decade, efforts to further characterize lymphatic anatomy and physiology are anticipated to provide key data to further inform and validate lymphatic fluid dynamic models. Development of more comprehensive multiscale- and multi-physics computational models has the potential to significantly enhance the understanding of lymphatic function in both health and disease.
Is the best–worst method path dependent? Evidence from an empirical study
Authors: Mazurek Jiri , Perzina Radomír , Strzałka Dominik , Kowal Bartosz , Kuraś Paweł , Puhrová Barbora Petrů , Rajs Robert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Best–Worst method (BWM) is one of the latest contributions to pairwise comparisons methods. As its name suggests, it is based on pairwise comparisons of all criteria (or possibly other objects, such as alternatives, sub-criteria, etc.) with respect to the best (most important) and the worst (least important) criterion. The main aim of this study is to investigate the path and scale dependency of the BWM. Up to now, it is unknown whether the weights of compared objects obtained by the method differ when the objects are compared first with the best object, and then with the worst, or vice versa. It is also unknown if the outcomes of the method differ when compared objects are presented in a different order, or when different scales are applied. Therefore, an experiment in a laboratory setting is performed with more than 800 respondents university undergraduates from two countries in which the respondents compare areas of randomly generated figures and the relative size of objects is then estimated via the linearized version of the BWM. Last but not least, the accuracy of the BWM is examined with respect to different comparison scales, including Saaty’s nine-point linguistic scale, an integer scale from 1 to 9, and a continuous scale from 1 to infinity.
New clinical opportunities of low-field MRI: heart, lung, body, and musculoskeletal
Authors: Tian Ye , Nayak Krishna S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractContemporary whole-body low-field MRI scanners (< 1 T) present new and exciting opportunities for improved body imaging. The fundamental reason is that the reduced off-resonance and reduced SAR provide substantially increased flexibility in the design of MRI pulse sequences. Promising body applications include lung parenchyma imaging, imaging adjacent to metallic implants, cardiac imaging, and dynamic imaging in general. The lower cost of such systems may make MRI favorable for screening high-risk populations and population health research, and the more open configurations allowed may prove favorable for obese subjects and for pregnant women. This article summarizes promising body applications for contemporary whole-body low-field MRI systems, with a focus on new platforms developed within the past 5 years. This is an active area of research, and one can expect many improvements as MRI physicists fully explore the landscape of pulse sequences that are feasible, and as clinicians apply these to patient populations.
Outcomes of male patients with HR+/HER2– advanced breast cancer receiving palbociclib in the real-world POLARIS study
Authors: Blum Joanne L. , DiCristo Caroline , Gordon David , Karuturi Meghan S. , Oubre David , Jepsen Erin , Cuevas Juan , Lakhanpal Shailendra , Montelongo Monica Z. , Zhang Zhe , Cappelleri Joseph C. , Wang Yao , Tripathy Debu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Data on treatments for male breast cancer patients are limited owing to rarity and underrepresentation in clinical trials. The real-world POLARIS study gathers data on palbociclib use for the treatment of hormone receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HR+/HER2–) advanced breast cancer (ABC) in female and male patients. This sub-analysis describes real-world palbociclib treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, and quality of life (QoL) in male patients.

Methods
POLARIS is a prospective, noninterventional, multicenter, real-world study of patients with HR+/HER2– ABC receiving palbociclib. Assessments included medical record reviews, patient QoL questionnaires (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire–Core 30), site characteristics questionnaires, and physician treatment selection surveys. Variables included demographics, disease history, global health status/QoL, clinical assessments and adverse events. Analyses were descriptive in nature. For clinical outcomes, real-world tumor responses and progression were determined by physician assessment in routine clinical practice. Real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) was described using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
At data cutoff, 15 male patients were enrolled (median age, 66 years). Nine patients received palbociclib as a first-line treatment and 6 as a second-line or later treatment. Patients received a median of 20 cycles of palbociclib. Neutropenia was experienced by 2 patients and grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 11 patients. Global health status/QoL scores remained generally consistent during the study. One patient (6.7%) achieved a complete tumor response, 4 (26.7%) a partial response, and 8 (53.3%) stable disease. Median rwPFS was 19.8 months (95% CI, 7.4–38.0). Median follow-up duration was 24.7 months (95% CI, 20.0–35.7).

Conclusion
This real-world analysis showed that palbociclib was well tolerated and provides preliminary data on treatment patterns and outcomes with palbociclib in male patients with HR+/HER2– ABC, helping inform the use of palbociclib in this patient subgroup.

Trial identifier
NCT03280303.
Making Sense of CSR Challenges and Shortcomings in Developing Economies of Latin America
Authors: Hauser Christian , Godinez Jose , Steckler Erica 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFirms operating in developing economies are increasingly expected to implement CSR practices aligned with recognized global standards. Drawing on extensive field study data in four Latin American countries, we contribute to business ethics scholarship by making visible and explaining firm shortcomings across social, environmental, and governance goals and activities of CSR. Building on and extending sensemaking literature, we find that leaders and managers responsible for their firms’ CSR activities make sense of and justify CSR shortcomings. We specify that justification based on individual, organizational/industry, and macro-environmental influences serves as a mechanism that decouples firms’ actual CSR practices from recognized CSR standards. Further, we propose that detachment, involving disconnection from the local operating environment, underlies the CSR shortcomings of firms. We develop a theoretical multi-level model that specifies justification as a mechanism and detachment as an underlying driver of CSR shortcomings.