bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structural and Magnetic Characterization of a New Scheelite Related Compound: Eu2Mo3O12
Authors: Boulahya Khalid , Parras Marina , González‐Calbet José M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPolycrystalline Eu2Mo3O12 has been synthesized and characterized by X‐ray and electron diffraction, high resolution electron microscopy and magnetic measurements. This oxide shows a complex scheelite superstructure whose essential feature is the existence of isolated Mo tetrahedra. Each Mo atom has four oxygen neighbors at distances ranging from 1.75 to 1.91 Å, whereas each Eu atom has eight oxygen neighbors at 2.43 Å. The temperature dependence of the inverse magnetic susceptibility shows that Eu2Mo3O12 behaves as a Curie–Weiss paramagnet at high temperature (160–300 K), whereas in the range 100–20 K it shows Van Vleck paramagnetism. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
The use of e‐mail in the identification of bulimia nervosa and its treatment
Authors: Robinson Paul H. , Serfaty Marc A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDespite the great potential of new technologies, no systematic study of e‐mail therapy for subjects with eating disorders has been published. We recruited, using a single announcement made via e‐mail, from all 20 000 staff and students of a large college of the University of London, 23 individuals (all female) who appeared to fulfil diagnostic criteria for Bulimia Nervosa or Binge Eating Disorder (DSM IV). These women were offered on‐line therapy by one of two clinicians experienced in the treatment of eating disorders. At 3‐month follow‐up, 19 returned questionnaires and showed significant reductions in outcome scores. Significant correlations were found between word count, a measure of engagement with treatment, and outcomes. This pilot study suggests that the Internet may be a useful way to recruit and treat those with eating disorders. A randomized controlled trial is indicated. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Addressing complex ethical issues in the treatment of children and adolescents with eating disorders: application of a framework for ethical decision‐making
Authors: Manley Ronald S. , Smye Vicki , Srikameswaran Suja 
Published: January 2005

AbstractEthically problematic situations frequently arise in the care of children and adolescents with eating disorders. The younger person with anorexia nervosa can often deteriorate quickly, therefore the child who is in denial with respect to the seriousness of her condition and/or markedly ambivalent regarding renourishment is at grave risk. Involuntary treatment is likely to be a consideration during such a medical crisis. In this paper we outline an ethical decision‐making framework that can assist the clinician in engaging the young patient and her family well in advance of a crisis, so that decisions can be made at a time when recourse to establishing incompetency or enforcing involuntary treatment are unnecessary. We have adopted a narrative approach in our application of the decision‐making framework, and safety is emphasized as the central concept underlying the application of this model. Finally, a number of recommendations are made regarding application of the ethical decision‐making framework with younger persons. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Do 7‐month‐old infants process independent features or facial configurations?
Authors: Cohen Leslie B. , Cashon Cara H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe present experiment tested whether 7‐month‐old infants process a face as a configuration or as a collection of independent features. Thirty‐two 7‐month‐old infants participated. Infants were habituated to two female faces and then tested on a familiar face, a switched face (consisting of all familiar features but a new combination of those features), and a novel face. It was reasoned that if infants processed only independent features of the face, the switched face should not look novel to them relative to the familiar face. If, however, infants processed the relationship among features (i.e. a configuration), the switched face should look novel. Furthermore, the study was based upon the well‐established finding that inversion disrupts configural processing of faces. Thus, one group of infants saw only upright faces throughout the experiment, whereas a second group saw only inverted faces. It was hypothesized that by the age of 7 months, infants should process an upright face as a configuration, but an inverted face as independent features. The findings confirmed this hypothesis. In the upright condition, infants looked longer at the composite (switched) face than at the familiar face, whereas in the inverted condition infants did not. These findings are consistent with other reports of 7‐month‐old infants' ability to process configurations of both faces and non‐faces and are consistent with the information processing approach proposed by Cohen (1998. An information‐processing approach to infant perception and cognition. In The Development of Sensory, Motor, and Cognitive Capacities in Early Infancy, Simion F, Butterworth G (eds). Psychology Press: East Sussex; 277–300). Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Black and official exchange rate volatility and foreign exchange controls: evidence from Greece
Authors: Kanas Angelos , Kouretas Georgios P. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper examines the issue of volatility and capital controls to the official and black market exchange rates of the Greek Drachma using the monthly exchange rate against the US dollar for the period 1975–1993. Specifically, we apply a GARCH(1, 1) model to study the behaviour of the official and black market drachma/dollar exhange rate. The main findings of the analysis are: (i) in contrast to the findings of previous studies using monthly rates, GARCH processes characterize the drachma/dollar exchange rate series in both markets; (ii) the relaxation of foreign exchange controls increased the volatility of the exchange rate in the official market as implied by theory; (iii) the persistence of volatility is reduced when account is taken of the liberalization process of capital movements; and (iv) The forecasts of volatility are improved when the GARCH forecasts are used against traditional measures. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Month of the year effect and January effect in pre‐WWI stock returns: evidence from a non‐linear GARCH model
Authors: Choudhry Taufiq 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper investigates seasonal anomalies in the mean stock returns of Germany, the UK and the US during pre‐World War I (WWI) period. The anomalies studied are month of the year effect and the January effect. The empirical research is conducted using a non‐linear GARCH‐t model, and monthly returns. Results obtained provide evidence of the January effect and the month of the year effect on the UK and the US returns. The German returns shows the month of the year effect but no January effect. Given the lack of tax treatment of capital gains/loss before 1914 by these countries, the results fail to provide merit to the tax‐loss selling hypothesis of the January effect. Since we apply value‐weighted returns in all cases, results obtained also fail to provide support for the small firm effect. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Corrosion resistance of titanium–silver alloys in an artificial saliva containing fluoride ions
Authors: Shim Hyung‐Min , Oh Keun‐Taek , Woo Jae‐Young , Hwang Chung‐Ju , Kim Kyoung‐Nam 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDental gels and rinses for caries prophylactic contain fluoride at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1%. In addition, many types of fluoride‐releasing materials have been used in dental applications. The purpose of the study was to investigate the addition effect of fluoride into artificial saliva on the corrosion resistance of pure titanium and titanium–silver alloys. Titanium and titanium–silver alloys were arc melted, homogenized at 950°C for 72 h, hot rolled, and solution heat treated and quenched. In order to investigate the effect of the fluoride ions on the corrosion resistance, potentiodynamic polarization testing, potentiostatic testing, and open‐circuit potential measurements were performed in plain artificial saliva and 0.1 and 1% NaF‐added artificial saliva. The passive current densities of titanium and titanium–silver alloys increased with increasing fluoride‐ion concentration. Ti2.0Ag and Ti3.0Ag exhibited a low current density relatively and showed a stable behavior compared to titanium. The open‐circuit potential of titanium decreased and current density at 250 mV (SCE) potentiostatic testing reacted sensitively with increasing fluoride concentration. On the other hand, the open‐circuit potential of titanium–silver alloys with a high silver content (3.0–4.0 at %) reacted less sensitively to the fluoride‐ion concentration. Among titanium–silver alloys, Ti3.0Ag alloy had a higher resistance against the attack of fluoride ions and showed a more stable open‐circuit potential and current density than titanium in the fluoride‐containing solution. It is concluded that they are electrochemically stable and maintained good corrosion resistance in fluoride‐containing artificial saliva. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater
Thermochemical aspects of proton transfer in the gas phase
Authors: Gal Jean‐François , Maria Pierre‐Charles , Raczyńska Ewa D. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAn Erratum for this article has been published inJournal of Mass Spectrometry 36(9) 2001, 1074The beginning of the twentieth century saw the development of new theories of acidity and basicity, which are currently well accepted. The thermochemistry of proton transfer in the absence of solvent attracted much interest during this period, because of the fundamental importance of the process. Nevertheless, before the 1950s, few data were available, either from lattice energy evaluations or from calculations using the emerging molecular orbital theory. Advances in mass spectrometry during the last 40 years allowed studies of numerous systems with better accuracy. Thousands of accurate gas‐phase acidities or basicities are now available, for simple atomic and molecular systems and for large biomolecules. The intrinsic effect of structure on the Brønsted basic or acidic properties of molecules and the influence of solvents have been unravelled. In this tutorial, the basics of the thermodynamic principles involved are given, and the mass spectrometric techniques are briefly reviewed. Advances in the design and measurements of gas‐phase superacids and superbases are described. Recent studies concerning biomolecules are also evoked. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategic change stemming from e‐commerce: implications of multi‐agent systems on the supply chain
Authors: Cohen Marcel , Stathis Kostas 
Published: January 2005

Abstract

Electronic commerce (e‐commerce) raises a number of interesting business and technical issues. This paper addresses one important combination of business and technical issues — the implications of multi‐agent systems on the supply chain.
Multi‐agent systems give rise to a new approach of developing information systems where problems of various forms, ranging from complex computational tasks to a requirement of specific information, are solved by those software components best suited to do so.
The operational and strategic consequences of multi‐agent systems are examined.

Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The future of British brewing: strategies for survival
Authors: Lewis Chris 
Published: January 2005

Abstract

Globalization is gradually affecting the brewing industry, though at a slower pace than in other industries. The recent consolidation within the industry, and exits from it, are principally the result of two factors: (1) the strategies of major British brewers of developing a market for brands they did not own, therefore doing the work of their competitors for them; and (2) the London stock market's recent preference for Internet industries, coupled with a view that government regulation stifles growth in the highly vertically integrated UK beer industry.
National level competition is no longer viable in this industry. To be successful, major companies must own international brands.
Opportunities remain for family‐controlled smaller firms that are immune from stock market pressures or micro‐breweries with good products and strong brands.

Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BPR and the substance of change
Authors: Collins David 
Published: January 2005

Abstract

This paper offers a distinctive analysis of a key management process and buzzword — BPR (or BEEPEEARR).
Commentators have sought to dismiss BEEPEEARR as a ‘fad’ lacking in substance. This account seeks to offer a form of analysis designed to reverse this judgement.
The discussion of BEEPEEARR is placed within a larger analysis of organizational dynamics, and it is argued that BEEPEEARR is flawed because it discusses strategic change in terms of stability and regards organizational change as a linear process that may be predicted in advance.
It is also contended that BEEPEEARR brings too much substance to the study of organizational change and concludes by spelling out implications for management practice.

Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in polyphenol ability to produce astringency during roasting of cocoa liquor
Authors: Misnawi  , Jinap S , Jamilah B , Nazamid S 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPolyphenols in cocoa products determine the astringent sensation due to their interaction with salivary proline‐rich protein. Changes in the ability of polyphenols to produce astringency during cocoa roasting have been studied through an evaluation of the polyphenol–protein interaction in cocoa cake/liquor roasted at 120 °C for 45 min, with and without enrichment with polyphenol extract. Roasting decreased the capacity of polyphenols to interact with protein, causing a decrease in astringency. However, the polyphenol–protein interaction products after roasting could still be oxidized enzymatically and most probably would still give cocoa products beneficial effects as functional food. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of non‐enzymatic glycosylation (glycation) of pea (Pisum sativum) albumins on their enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Cazacu‐Davidescu Luicia‐Michaela , Kostyra Henryk , Marciniak‐Darmochwal Katarzyna , Kostyra Elżbieta 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of non‐enzymatic glycosylation (glycation) on the susceptibility of pea albumins to pepsin hydrolysis. It was proved that the aqueous albumin extract is de facto a nucleo‐glyco‐metalloprotein complex. The non‐enzymatic glycosylation of pea albumins decreased the content of nucleic acids, hexoses and zinc, which bound to this protein. Glycated pea albumins were more susceptible to hydrolysis by pepsin than non‐glycated ones. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of germination conditions on ascorbic acid level and yield of soybean sprouts
Authors: Xu Mao‐Jun , Dong Ju‐Fang , Zhu Mu‐Yuan 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe effects of light illumination on the ascorbic acid content and growth of soybean sprouts were investigated. Among the six light qualities studied, ultraviolet light had the highest promoting effect on the ascorbic acid content in soybean sprouts, increasing it by 77.0% compared with the darkness control, while red light had the highest promoting effect on the growth of soybean sprouts, increasing the total fresh weight by 16.6% compared with the darkness control. Experiments with different durations of ultraviolet and red light illumination in a day showed that 12 h ultraviolet (500 Lx) and 12 h red (1000 Lx) light diurnal cycles had the highest promoting effects on both the ascorbic acid level and fresh weight of soybean sprouts, increasing the ascorbic acid content and total fresh weight by 78.7 and 17.4% respectively compared with the darkness control. The results indicated that germination of soybeans under 12 h ultraviolet and 12 h red light diurnal cycles was an effective process for increasing the yield and enhancing the nutritional quality of soybean sprouts. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of two headspace solid phase microextraction fibres for the detection of volatile chemical concentration changes due to industrial processing of orange juice
Authors: Jordán María J. , Goodner Kevin L , Castillo Manuel , Laencina Jose 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSolid phase microextraction (SPME) with two polymeric coatings, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyacrylate (PA), was used to isolate and quantitate orange juice volatile compounds from the headspace of fresh orange juice after the finishing, deaeration and pasteurisation processes. The results from the two fibres were largely consistent. Statistically significant changes in concentration due to the deaeration process were detected for medium‐volatility alcohols, hexanal and seven terpenes as measured by SPME‐PDMS. However, when using the PA‐coated fibre, more statistically significant changes in concentration were detected for aldehydes and esters. Alcohols and terpenes presented similar results using both polymeric coatings. The pasteurisation process did not modify the aromatic profile of the deaerated orange juice, except for methyl butyrate. These results indicate that the PA coating seemed to be more suitable for the analysis of the evolution of the orange juice aromatic fraction during industrial processing. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Reliability of linear multistate multiple sliding window systems
Authors: Levitin Gregory 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper proposes a new model that generalizes the linear consecutive k‐out‐of‐r‐from‐n:F system to multistate case with multiple failure criteria. In this model (named linear multistate multiple sliding window system) the system consists of n linearly ordered multistate elements (MEs). Each ME can have different states: from complete failure up to perfect functioning. A performance rate is associated with each state. Several functions are defined for a set of integer numbers ρ in such a way that for each r ∈ ρ corresponding function fr produces negative values if the combination of performance rates of r consecutive MEs corresponds to the unacceptable state of the system. The system fails if at least one of functions fr for any r consecutive MEs for r ∈ ρ produces a negative value. An algorithm for system reliability evaluation is suggested which is based on an extended universal moment generating function. Examples of system reliability evaluation are presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.
The continuous‐time single‐sourcing problem with capacity expansion opportunities
Authors: Huang Wei , Romeijn H. Edwin , Geunes Joseph 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper develops a new model for allocating demand from retailers (or customers) to a set of production/storage facilities. A producer manufactures a product in multiple production facilities, and faces demand from a set of retailers. The objective is to decide which of the production facilities should satisfy each retailer's demand, in order minimize total production, inventory holding, and assignment costs (where the latter may include, for instance, variable production costs and transportation costs). Demand occurs continuously in time at a deterministic rate at each retailer, while each production facility faces fixed‐charge production costs and linear holding costs. We first consider an uncapacitated model, which we generalize to allow for production or storage capacities. We then explore situations with capacity expansion opportunities. Our solution approach employs a column generation procedure, as well as greedy and local improvement heuristic approaches. A broad class of randomly generated test problems demonstrates that these heuristics find high quality solutions for this large‐scale cross‐facility planning problem using a modest amount of computation time. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.
On the asymptotic optimality of algorithms for the flow shop problem with release dates
Authors: Liu Hui , Queyranne Maurice , Simchi‐Levi David 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe consider the nonpermutation flow shop problem with release dates, with the objective of minimizing the sum of the weighted completion times on the final machine. Since the problem is NP‐hard, we focus on the analysis of the performance of several approximation algorithms, all of which are related to the classical Weighted Shortest Processing Time Among Available Jobs heuristic. In particular, we perform a probabilistic analysis and prove that two online heuristics and one offline heuristic are asymptotically optimal. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.
Optimization of the synthesis of poly(octadecyl acrylate) by atom transfer radical polymerization and the preparation of all comblike amphiphilic diblock copolymers
Authors: Street G. , Illsley D. , Holder S. J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe atom transfer radical polymerization of octadecyl acrylate (ODA) has been investigated and optimized to produce polymers with predetermined molecular weights and narrow polydispersities (<1.2). The poor solubility of the catalytic system formed with conventional ligands such as the N‐(n‐propyl)‐2‐pyridylmethanimine and 2,2′‐bipyridine with Cu(I)Br in nonpolar reaction conditions gave poor control over molecular weight characteristics in ODA polymerizations. The use of N‐(n‐octyl)‐2‐pyridylmethanimine in combination with Cu(I)Br yielded a more soluble catalyst that improved control over the polymerization. The products from the polymerizations were further improved when an initiator, octadecyl 2‐bromo‐2‐methyl‐propanoate, similar in structure to the monomer, was used. Together, these modifications produced polymerizations that showed true controlled character as well as products with predetermined molecular weights and narrow polydispersities. Diblock copolymers of PODA were prepared with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and olig(oethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA). The PODA‐block‐POEGMA copolymers are the first examples of all comblike amphiphilic block copolymers. One of PODA‐block‐POEGMA copolymer samples has been shown to self‐assemble as micelles in a dilute aqueous solution. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 1129–1143, 2005
Preparation of oligoamide‐ended poly(ethylene glycol) and hydrogen‐bonding‐assisted formation of aggregates and nanoscale fibers
Authors: Hua Fengjun , Yang Xiaowu , Gong Bing , Ruckenstein Eli 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAn oligoamide‐ended poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with a PEG weight‐average molecular weight of 5000 (PEG‐5000‐oligoamide), with 3,5‐bis‐[2‐(5‐acetylamino‐2‐isobutoxy‐benzoylamino)‐acetylamino]‐benzoyl as the oligoamide, was synthesized. PEG‐5000‐oligoamide aggregated in chloroform or toluene via hydrogen‐bonding interactions among the oligoamide strands as a core and PEG, which was soluble in the solvents, as a shell. When a chloroform solution of PEG‐5000‐oligoamide at a concentration of approximately 0.06 g/L was cast onto a silicon wafer or a mica plate, rapid solvent evaporation induced its self reassembly as nanofibers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 1119–1128, 2005